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INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS 3

Table of Contents

As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 14, 2016

Registration No. 333-                


UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549



Form S-1
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933



Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC
to be converted as described herein into a corporation named

Extraction Oil & Gas, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
  1311
(Primary Standard Industrial
Classification Code Number)
  46-1473923
(IRS Employer
Identification No.)

370 17th Street, Suite 5300
Denver, Colorado 80202
(720) 557-8300
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant's principal executive offices)

Russell T. Kelley, Jr.
Chief Financial Officer
370 17th Street, Suite 5300
Denver, Colorado 80202
(720) 557-8300
(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)

Copies to:

Douglas E. McWilliams
Julian J. Seiguer
Vinson & Elkins L.L.P.
1001 Fannin, Suite 2500
Houston, Texas 77002
(713) 758-2222

 

Sean T. Wheeler
Latham & Watkins LLP
811 Main Street, Suite 3700
Houston, Texas 77002
(713) 546-5400

Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale of the securities to the public:
As soon as practicable after the effective date of this Registration Statement.

          If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box:     o

          If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.     o

          If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.     o

          If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.     o

          Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer" and "smaller reporting company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer o   Accelerated filer o   Non-accelerated filer ý
(Do not check if a
smaller reporting company)
  Smaller reporting company o

CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE

       
 
Title of Each Class of Securities
to be Registered

  Proposed Maximum
Aggregate Offering
Price(1)(2)

  Amount of
Registration Fee

 

Common stock, par value $0.01 per share

  $100,000,000   $10,070.00

 

(1)
Includes shares issuable upon exercise of the underwriters' option to purchase additional shares of common stock.

(2)
Estimated solely for the purpose of calculating the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457(o) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

           The registrant hereby amends this registration statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this registration statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or until this registration statement shall become effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.

   


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The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state or jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED SEPTEMBER 14, 2016



             Shares

LOGO

Extraction Oil & Gas, Inc.

Common Stock



        This is the initial public offering of the common stock of Extraction Oil & Gas, Inc., a Delaware corporation. We are offering                            shares of our common stock.

        No public market currently exists for our common stock. We anticipate that the initial public offering price will be between $             and $             per share. We have applied to list our common stock on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol "XOG."

        We have granted the underwriters the option to purchase up to                           additional shares of common stock on the same terms and conditions set forth above if the underwriters sell more than                           shares of common stock in this offering.

        We are an "emerging growth company" as the term is used in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 and, as such, are eligible for reduced reporting requirements. Please see "Prospectus Summary—Emerging Growth Company Status."

         Investing in our common stock involves risks. Please see "Risk Factors" beginning on page 22 of this prospectus.

 
  Price to
the public
  Underwriting
discounts and
commissions
  Proceeds to us
(before expenses)

Per share

  $   $   $

Total

  $            $            $       

        The underwriters expect to deliver the shares on or about                           , 2016.

        Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed on the adequacy or accuracy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

Credit Suisse   Barclays   Goldman, Sachs & Co.

   

The date of this prospectus is                           , 2016.


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GRAPHIC


Table of Contents


TABLE OF CONTENTS

 
  Page  

PROSPECTUS SUMMARY

    1  

RISK FACTORS

    22  

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

    54  

USE OF PROCEEDS

    56  

DIVIDEND POLICY

    57  

CAPITALIZATION

    58  

DILUTION

    60  

SELECTED HISTORICAL AND PRO FORMA FINANCIAL DATA

    61  

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

    63  

BUSINESS

    99  

CORPORATE REORGANIZATION

    131  

MANAGEMENT

    135  

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

    140  

SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT

    149  

CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

    152  

DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK

    154  

SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE

    159  

MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS FOR NON-U.S. HOLDERS

    162  

UNDERWRITING

    166  

LEGAL MATTERS

    172  

EXPERTS

    172  

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

    173  

INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

    F-1  

APPENDIX A—GLOSSARY OF OIL AND GAS TERMS

    A-1  



        You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus and any free writing prospectus prepared by us or on behalf of us or to the information which we have referred you. Neither we nor the underwriters have authorized anyone to provide you with information different from that contained in this prospectus and any free writing prospectus. We take no responsibility for, and can provide no assurance as to the reliability of, any other information that others may give you. We and the underwriters are offering to sell shares of common stock and seeking offers to buy shares of common stock only in jurisdictions where offers and sales are permitted. The information in this prospectus is accurate only as of the date of this prospectus, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus or any sale of the common stock. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since that date.

        This prospectus contains forward-looking statements that are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control. Please see "Risk Factors" and "Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements."

        Through and including                    (the 25th day after the date of this prospectus), all dealers effecting transactions in our shares, whether or not participating in this offering, may be required to deliver a prospectus. This requirement is in addition to the dealers' obligation to deliver a prospectus when acting as an underwriter and with respect to an unsold allotment or subscription.


BASIS OF PRESENTATION

        The financial information and certain other information presented in this prospectus have been rounded to the nearest whole number or the nearest decimal. Therefore, the sum of the numbers in a column may not conform exactly to the total figure given for that column in certain tables in this prospectus. In addition, certain percentages presented in this prospectus reflect calculations based upon the underlying information prior to rounding and, accordingly, may not conform exactly to the percentages that would be derived if the relevant calculations were based upon the rounded numbers or may not sum due to rounding.

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PRESENTATION OF FINANCIAL AND OPERATING DATA

        Extraction Oil & Gas Holdings, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and our accounting predecessor, was formed on May 29, 2014 by PRE Resources, LLC ("PRL") as a holding company with no independent operations. Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC, formally a wholly owned subsidiary of PRL, is a wholly owned subsidiary of Extraction Oil & Gas Holdings, LLC. Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC was formed on November 14, 2012 as a Delaware limited liability company. Concurrent with the formation of Extraction Oil & Gas Holdings, LLC, PRL contributed all of its membership interests in Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC, to Extraction Oil & Gas Holdings, LLC and distributed all of its interests in Extraction Oil & Gas Holdings, LLC to its members in a pro rata distribution (the "Reorganization"). The Reorganization was accounted for as a reorganization of entities under common control and the assets and liabilities of Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC were recorded at Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC's historical costs. The historical consolidated financial statements presented in this prospectus have been retrospectively recast for all periods prior to May 29, 2014 to reflect the Reorganization as if the transfer of net assets occurred at the beginning of the period. Results of operations for the 2014 period presented in this prospectus include the results of operations from Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC, the previously separate entity, from January 1, 2014 to May 29, 2014, the date the transfer was completed. In connection with the consummation of this offering, Extraction Oil & Gas Holdings, LLC will be merged with and into Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC and such merger will be treated as a reorganization of entities under common control, and Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC will convert from a Delaware limited liability company into a Delaware corporation. For more information please see "Corporate Reorganization."

        Locations in this document presented at 1-mile (approximately 4,200 feet), 1.5-mile (approximately 6,800 feet) and 2-mile (approximately 9,400 feet) equivalents are shown to present the actual length of such lateral lengths after accounting for the setback distance on each side of the lease line.


WATTENBERG FIELD

        References herein to the "Wattenberg Field" or the "Wattenberg" refer to the Greater Wattenberg Area within the Denver-Julesburg Basin of Colorado as defined by the Colorado Oil and Gas Conservation Commission (the "COGCC"). The COGCC defines the Greater Wattenberg Area as those lands from and including Townships 2 South to 7 North and Ranges 61 West to 69 West, Sixth Principal Meridian.


INDUSTRY AND MARKET DATA

        The market data and certain other statistical information used throughout this prospectus are based on independent industry publications, government publications and other published independent sources. Although we believe these third-party sources are reliable as of their respective dates, neither we nor the underwriters have independently verified the accuracy or completeness of this information. The industry in which we operate is subject to a high degree of uncertainty and risk due to a variety of factors, including those described in the section entitled "Risk Factors." These and other factors could cause results to differ materially from those expressed in these publications.


TRADEMARKS AND TRADE NAMES

        We own or have rights to various trademarks, service marks and trade names that we use in connection with the operation of our business. This prospectus may also contain trademarks, service marks and trade names of third parties, which are the property of their respective owners. Our use or display of third parties' trademarks, service marks, trade names or products in this prospectus is not intended to, and does not imply a relationship with, or endorsement or sponsorship by us. Solely for convenience, the trademarks, service marks and trade names referred to in this prospectus may appear without the ®, TM or SM symbols, but such references are not intended to indicate, in any way, that we will not assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, our rights or the rights of the applicable licensor to these trademarks, service marks and trade names.

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PROSPECTUS SUMMARY

         This summary highlights information contained elsewhere in this prospectus. You should read the entire prospectus carefully before making an investment decision, including the information under the headings "Risk Factors," "Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements" and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and the historical and pro forma financial statements and the related notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this prospectus. References to our estimated proved reserves as of June 30, 2016 and as of December 31, 2015 and 2014 are derived from our proved reserve reports prepared by Ryder Scott Company, L.P. ("Ryder Scott") for Extraction Oil & Gas Holdings, LLC.

         Unless indicated otherwise or the context otherwise requires, references in this prospectus to "Extraction," the "Company," "us," "we," "our," or "ours" or like terms refer to Extraction Oil & Gas, Inc. following the completion of our corporate reorganization as described in "—Corporate Reorganization." When used in the historical context, "Extraction," the "Company," "us," "we," "our" and "ours" or like terms refer to Extraction Oil & Gas Holdings, LLC and its subsidiaries for periods after May 29, 2014 and to Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC and its subsidiaries prior to May 29, 2014. References in this prospectus to "Holdings" refer to Extraction Oil & Gas Holdings, LLC, our accounting predecessor, which before the completion of our corporate reorganization and this offering owned 100% of the equity interests of Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC. References in this prospectus to "XOG" refer to Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC. Unless indicated otherwise or the context otherwise requires, references to our net acreage, drilling locations, working interest, proved reserves and well count as of June 30, 2016 and our estimated average net daily production for the month ended July 31, 2016 in this prospectus are adjusted to give pro forma effect to the transactions described in "—Recent Developments—Bayswater Acquisition—Bayswater Assets."


Overview

        We are an independent oil and gas company focused on the acquisition, development and production of oil, natural gas and natural gas liquid ("NGL") reserves in the Rocky Mountains, primarily in the Wattenberg Field of the Denver-Julesburg Basin (the "DJ Basin") of Colorado. The Wattenberg Field has been producing since the 1970s and is a premier North American oil and natural gas basin characterized by high recoveries relative to drilling and completion costs, high initial production rates, long reserve life and multiple stacked producing horizons. We have assembled, as of June 30, 2016, approximately 100,000 net acres of large, contiguous acreage blocks in some of the most productive areas of the Wattenberg Field as indicated by the results of our horizontal drilling program and the results of offset operators. These properties have extensive production histories, high drilling success rates, and significant horizontal development potential. We believe our acreage in the Wattenberg Field has been significantly delineated by our own drilling success and by the success of offset operators, providing confidence that our inventory is relatively low-risk, repeatable and will continue to generate economic returns. We are primarily focused on growing our proved reserves and production primarily through the development of our large inventory of identified liquids-rich horizontal drilling locations in the Wattenberg Field.

        We were founded in November 2012 with the objective of becoming a pure-play Wattenberg company focusing on acreage with (i) low development risk as a result of being within the vicinity of other successful wells drilled by other oil and gas companies, (ii) limited vertical well drainage relative to offset operators in a field with significant historical vertical activity, and (iii) higher oil content than was traditionally targeted when many operators first established their position in the field seeking natural gas production. We believe these characteristics enhance our horizontal production capabilities, recoveries and economic results. Our drilling economics are further enhanced by our ability to drill longer laterals due to our large contiguous acreage position, which our management team built through organic leasing and a series of strategic acquisitions. We operated 95% of our horizontal production for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and maintain control of a large majority of our drilling inventory.

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In addition, we proactively seek to secure the necessary midstream and operational infrastructure to keep pace with our production growth.

        As of July 31, 2016, we have drilled 259 gross one-mile equivalent horizontal wells and have completed 230 gross one-mile equivalent horizontal wells. We are currently running a two-rig program and retain the flexibility to adjust our rig count based on the commodity price environment. We have demonstrated our ability to manage a drilling program of larger size, operating four rigs as recently as the first quarter of 2015. Due to significant improvements in our drilling efficiency since late 2014, each of our rigs is currently able to drill over twice as many wells per year as we were previously able to drill. Our estimated average net daily production during the month ended July 31, 2016 was approximately 37,328 BOE/d. The charts below demonstrate the substantial growth in our average net daily production and well count since the second quarter of 2014.

Average Net
Daily Production (BOE/d)

 

Wells Drilled and Completed(1)


GRAPHIC

 


GRAPHIC


(1)
Reflects one-mile equivalent wells drilled or completed by us.

(2)
Reflects 27,121 BOE/d attributable to our historically owned properties and 10,207 BOE/d attributable to the Bayswater Assets (as defined below).

        The following table provides summary information regarding our proved reserves as of June 30, 2016, and our estimated average net daily production during the month ended July 31, 2016.




Estimated Total Proved Reserves
   
   
 
Oil
(MBbls)
  Natural
Gas
(MMcf)
  NGL
(MBbls)
  Total
(MBoe)
  %
Oil
  %
Liquids(2)
  %
Developed
  Average Net
Production
(BOE/d)(1)(3)
  R/P
Ratio
(Years)(4)
 
  79,111     365,702     47,227     187,288     42 %   67 %   23 %   37,328     13.7  

(1)
Includes de minimis reserves and production attributable to properties in our Northern Extension Area. Please see "—Other Properties."

(2)
Includes both oil and NGL.

(3)
Estimated average net daily production. Consisted of approximately 51% oil, 30% natural gas and 19% NGL.

(4)
Represents the number of years proved reserves would last assuming production continued at the average rate for the month ended July 31, 2016. Because production rates naturally decline over time, the reserve-to-production ratio (the "R/P Ratio") is not a useful estimate of how long properties should economically produce.

        Our management team has significant experience in the Wattenberg Field. Our management team members were key participants in the shift from vertical to horizontal drilling that recently occurred during their tenures at key Wattenberg operators, such as Anadarko Petroleum Corporation ("Anadarko Petroleum"), Noble Energy, Inc. ("Noble Energy"), PDC Energy, Inc. ("PDC Energy") and others. Our management and technical teams have collectively participated in the drilling of over 500 horizontal wells in the Niobrara and Codell formations in the Wattenberg Field. To date, we have

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focused our horizontal drilling program primarily in the Niobrara and Codell formations; however, based on results from our horizontal drilling program and those of offset operators such as Anadarko Petroleum and Noble Energy, we believe significant development opportunities exist in the J-Sand, Greenhorn and Sussex formations as well as via additional downspacing in the Niobrara formation, which are not captured in the inventory numbers below. As of June 30, 2016, we had a drilling inventory consisting of 3,510 gross (2,236 net) identified locations within the Wattenberg Field, as adjusted to one-mile equivalents. The table below sets forth a summary of our identified gross horizontal drilling locations in the Wattenberg Field by target zone as of June 30, 2016.

 
  Identified Gross Horizontal Drilling Locations(1)(2)(3)    
 
 
  Horizontal Drilling
Inventory (Years)(7)
 
Net
Acreage(4)
  Niobrara   Codell   Total(5)(6)  
  100,000     2,134     1,376     3,510     19  

(1)
As adjusted for lateral length to present one-mile equivalents (approximately 4,200 feet). Please see "Business—Drilling Locations" for more information regarding the process and criteria through which these drilling locations were identified. The drilling locations on which we actually drill will depend on the availability of capital, regulatory approvals, takeaway capacity, commodity prices, costs, actual drilling results and other factors. Any drilling activities we are able to conduct on these identified locations may not be successful and may not result in the addition of proved reserves to our existing proved reserves base. See "Risk Factors—Risks Related to the Oil, Natural Gas and NGL Industry and Our Business—Our identified drilling locations are scheduled over many years, making them susceptible to uncertainties that could materially alter the occurrence or timing of their drilling. In addition, we may not be able to raise the substantial amount of capital that would be necessary to drill such locations."

(2)
Excludes 89 drilled but uncompleted one-mile equivalent wells as of June 30, 2016, 53 of which are attributable to the Bayswater Assets.

(3)
As adjusted to give effect to 90 gross drilling locations from the Bayswater Assets.

(4)
As of June 30, 2016. Approximate net acreage represents only our oil and gas properties in the Wattenberg Field and does not include the approximately 124,000 net acres associated with our Northern Extension Area. We have not identified any drilling locations at this time on our Northern Extension Area. Please see "—Other Properties."

(5)
Includes 853 identified drilling locations associated with proved undeveloped reserves as of June 30, 2016, as adjusted for lateral length to present one-mile equivalents (approximately 4,200 feet).

(6)
If converted to 1.5-mile equivalent locations (approximately 6,800 feet), we would have an estimated 2,340 identified gross horizontal drilling locations. If converted to 2.0-mile equivalent locations (approximately 9,400 feet), we would have an estimated 1,755 identified gross horizontal drilling locations.

(7)
Based on a continuous two-rig drilling program and a four day spud-to-spud drilling time.

        Based on the results of our horizontal drilling program, and as evidenced by our 30-day, 90-day and 180-day production rates as shown in the table below, we believe our wells are among the most productive in the Wattenberg Field.

 
   
   
  30-day    
  90-day    
  180-day  
 
   
   
  Oil
(Bbl)
  Gas
(Mcf)
  NGL
(Bbl)
  Equivalent
(BOE)
   
  Oil
(Bbl)
  Gas
(Mcf)
  NGL
(Bbl)
  Equivalent
(BOE)
   
  Oil
(Bbl)
  Gas
(Mcf)
  NGL
(Bbl)
  Equivalent
(BOE)
 
Rate per 6,800 ft lateral
cumulative
  Wells    
   
   
 

Codell

    62         14,812     18,625     2,485     20,406         39,183     64,787     8,660     58,650         67,947     138,355     18,364     109,382  

Niobrara

    97         13,168     15,987     2,070     17,906         37,339     59,425     7,658     54,907         61,113     116,760     15,008     95,589  

Average Daily 6,800 ft equivalent (Boe/d)

                                                                                           

Codell

              494     621     83     680         435     720     96     652         377     769     102     608  

Niobrara

              439     533     69     597         415     660     85     610         340     649     83     531  

Note:
Averages based on 97 operated Niobrara wells and 62 operated Codell wells that had at least 30 days of production history as of June 30, 2016. Excludes information related to one well drilled in the J-Sand formation, one well drilled by a previous operator and four exploratory wells. Production data normalized to 1.5 mile (approximately 6,800 feet) equivalents and adjusted for operational downtime. Average data based on average of all operating wells normalized to 6,800 feet. For more information on our drilling results, please see "Business—Drilling Results."

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Other Properties

        We hold approximately 124,000 net acres in the DJ Basin outside of the Wattenberg, which we refer to as our "Northern Extension Area," that we believe is prospective for many of the same formations as our properties in the Wattenberg Field. As of June 30, 2016, there were de minimis proved reserves associated with this acreage. Average daily production associated with these properties for the quarter ended June 30, 2016 was approximately 1,044 BOE/d. We have not identified any drilling locations at this time on our Northern Extension Area.

Historical Capital Expenditures and Capital Budget

        For the year ended December 31, 2015 and the six months ended June 30, 2016, our aggregate drilling, completion and leasehold capital expenditures were approximately $398.4 million and $137.8 million, respectively, excluding acquisitions. Our 2016 capital budget is approximately $365 million, substantially all of which we intend to allocate to the Wattenberg Field. We intend to allocate approximately $335 million of our 2016 capital budget to the drilling of 100 gross (90 net) wells and the completion of 92 gross (82 net) wells, approximately $5 million to midstream, and approximately $25 million to leaseholds. Our 2016 capital expenditures budget contemplates that we will drill approximately 77 gross (70 net) wells targeting proved undeveloped locations in 2016. Such wells are associated with 24,083 MBoe of net proved undeveloped reserves. As of August 15, 2016, 40 gross (36 net) of such wells have been spud. Our capital budget excludes any amounts that were or may be paid for potential acquisitions, including the Bayswater Acquisition.

        Our 2017 capital budget is approximately $590 million, substantially all of which we intend to allocate to the Wattenberg Field. We intend to allocate approximately $535 million of our 2017 capital budget to the drilling of 138 gross (102 net) operated wells and the completion of 120 gross (102 net) operated wells, approximately $2 million to midstream, and approximately $53 million to leaseholds. Our 2017 capital expenditures budget contemplates that we will drill approximately 98 gross (74 net) operated wells targeting proved undeveloped locations in 2017. Such wells are associated with 37,967 MBoe of net proved undeveloped reserves. In addition to the operated wells above, our capital budget includes estimated non-operated activity on our acreage consisting of the drilling of 69 gross (18 net) non-operated wells and the completion of 51 gross (15 net) non-operated wells. Our capital budget excludes any amounts that may be paid for potential acquisitions.

        The amount and timing of these capital expenditures is within our control and subject to our management's discretion. We retain the flexibility to defer a portion of these planned capital expenditures depending on a variety of factors, including but not limited to the success of our drilling activities, prevailing and anticipated prices for oil, natural gas and NGL, the availability of necessary equipment, infrastructure and capital, the receipt and timing of required regulatory permits and approvals, seasonal conditions, drilling and acquisition costs and the level of participation by other interest owners. Any postponement or elimination of our development drilling program could result in a reduction of proved reserve volumes and related standardized measure. These risks could materially affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our Business Strategies

        Our business strategy is to increase stockholder value through the following:

    Grow proved reserves and production by developing our extensive horizontal drilling inventory.   As of June 30, 2016, we identified a horizontal drilling inventory of 3,510 gross locations targeting the Niobrara and Codell zones, as adjusted to one-mile equivalents. While horizontal development of the Wattenberg Field is a relatively recent development, we consider our large inventory of horizontal drilling locations in the Wattenberg Field to be relatively low-risk based on information gained from the large number of existing wells in the area, industry activity

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      surrounding our acreage, and the consistent and predictable geology surrounding our positions. We believe the combination of our large inventory of relatively low-risk drilling locations with long-lived reserves leads to a predictable production profile. We are able to enhance our drilling economics and generate higher EURs per well drilled by taking advantage of our large contiguous acreage position to drill longer laterals. Based on results from our horizontal drilling program and those of offset operators such as Anadarko Petroleum and Noble Energy, we believe significant development opportunities exist in the J-Sand, Greenhorn and Sussex formations as well as via additional downspacing in the Niobrara formation, thus potentially increasing our horizontal drilling inventory significantly.

    Maintain a high degree of operational control in order to continuously improve operating and cost efficiencies.   We operated approximately 95% of our horizontal production for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and intend to maintain operational control of substantially all of our producing properties. We believe that retaining control of our production enables us to increase recovery rates, lower well costs, improve drilling performance and increase ultimate hydrocarbon recovery through optimization of our drilling and completion techniques. Additionally, operating our production allows us to more efficiently manage the pace of our horizontal development program and the gathering and marketing of our production. We continually monitor and adjust our drilling program with the objective of achieving the highest total returns on our portfolio of drilling opportunities.

    Leverage our experience operating in the Wattenberg Field to maximize returns.   Members of our management and technical teams have spent the majority of their careers focused on operations in the Wattenberg Field. These team members were key participants in the shift from vertical to horizontal drilling that recently occurred during their tenures at key Wattenberg operators, including Anadarko Petroleum, Noble Energy, PDC Energy and others. As a result, we believe our management and technical teams are among the best operators in the Wattenberg Field today. Our team regularly benchmarks our operating data in order to evaluate our performance and identify opportunities to optimize our drilling and completion techniques and make informed decisions about our capital program and drilling activity levels. We intend to leverage our management and technical teams' experiences in applying unconventional drilling and completion techniques in the Wattenberg Field to maximize our returns. As an example, our management team initially designed and utilized new and improved drilling and completion techniques, which were different than the industry standard, to avoid having to compete with larger operators on prices for services and products.

    Continue expanding our access to midstream infrastructure to keep pace with our production growth.   We proactively seek to secure the necessary midstream and operational infrastructure necessary to support our drilling schedule and keep pace with our expected production growth. We are an anchor tenant on the Grand Mesa pipeline, which will transport oil and gas out of the Wattenberg Field to Cushing, Oklahoma and which is expected to be in service in late 2016. We are committed to meet delivery commitments of 40,000 Bbls/d out of the basin when the Grand Mesa pipeline commences service, increasing to 58,000 Bbls/d by November 2018 and through 2026.

    Strategically augment acreage position through opportunistic acquisitions.   Since inception, we have consummated five significant acquisitions in the Wattenberg Field, acquiring approximately 70,000 net acres, as of June 30, 2016. We intend to continue to strategically make opportunistic acquisitions as well as pursue additional leasing opportunities to further supplement our oil and

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      natural gas properties in our areas of operation, but expect such expenditures to represent a smaller proportion of our total capital budget.

    Maintain financial flexibility and apply a disciplined approach to capital allocation.   We intend to maintain a conservative financial profile that will afford us flexibility through commodity price cycles. As of June 30, 2016, after giving effect to this offering, the Financing Transactions (as defined below) and the use of the proceeds therefrom, and the consummation of the Bayswater Acquisition, we would have had $             million of liquidity, with $             million of cash and cash equivalents and $             million of available borrowing capacity under our revolving credit facility. Consistent with our disciplined approach to financial management, we have an active commodity hedging program that seeks to reduce our exposure to downside commodity price fluctuations, enabling us to protect cash flows and maintain liquidity to fund our capital program and investment opportunities.

Our Competitive Strengths

        We believe that the following strengths will allow us to successfully execute our business strategies:

    Large, contiguous acreage blocks concentrated in the Wattenberg Field.   We own extensive and contiguous acreage blocks in the Wattenberg Field, which we believe to be one of the most prolific and economic fields in the nation. Based on the results of our horizontal drilling program, and as evidenced by our 30-day, 90-day and 180-day production rates, we believe our wells are among the most productive in the Wattenberg Field. Our large, contiguous acreage blocks and focus on maintaining operational control allow us the flexibility to adjust our drilling and completion techniques, primarily through the length of our laterals, in order to optimize our well results and drilling economics. Additionally, our contiguous acreage allows us to leverage existing infrastructure for more cost efficient development and transportation as compared to non-contiguous acreage. We believe our approximately 100,000 net acres in the Wattenberg Field as of June 30, 2016 position us to continue growing our proved reserves and production in the current commodity price environment.

    Low-risk Wattenberg acreage position with multi-year inventory of liquids-rich drilling locations.   We view our large identified horizontal drilling inventory targeting liquids-rich drilling opportunities to be relatively low-risk based on information gained from the large number of existing wells in the area, industry activity surrounding our acreage, and the consistent and predictable geology underlying our positions. We have used the subsurface and 3-D seismic data from our development programs, as well as vertical well penetration, to demonstrate the subsurface consistency of our inventory. We currently have 3-D seismic data on all locations in our drilling plan, which we believe reduces the risk associated with our development plan. As of June 30, 2016, our horizontal drilling inventory consisted of 3,510 gross (2,236 net) identified locations targeting the Niobrara and Codell formations, as adjusted to one-mile equivalents. Based on the results from our horizontal drilling program and those of offset operators such as Anadarko Petroleum and Noble Energy, we believe significant development opportunities exist in the J-Sand, Greenhorn and Sussex formations as well as via additional downspacing in the Niobrara formation. Based on a four day spud-to-spud and a two-rig drilling program, we have a drilling inventory of approximately 19 years, prior to considering locations other than those in the Niobrara and Codell formations.

    Significant operational control with low development costs.   We operated 95% of our horizontal production for the six months ended June 30, 2016. We intend to maintain operational control of a substantial majority of our drilling inventory. We believe that maintaining operating control enables us to increase our reserves while lowering our development costs. Our control over operations also allows us to utilize cost-effective operating practices, including the selection of

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      drilling locations, timing of development and associated capital expenditures and continuous improvement of drilling, completion and stimulation techniques. Our average feet drilled per day has increased to 6,096 as of June 30, 2016 from 1,456 as of March 31, 2014. We have been successful in achieving significant reductions in our drilling, completion and facilities costs. In addition, our drilling contract structure allows us to proactively adjust our rig count based on the commodity price environment. These factors contribute to our ability to grow production and reserves in lower commodity price environments.

    High caliber management team with substantial technical expertise and demonstrated record navigating through commodity price volatility.   Our management and technical teams have extensive experience and a history of working together on the cost-efficient management of large scale drilling programs in the Wattenberg Field. Our management and technical teams are also experienced in the disciplined allocation of capital focused on growing reserves and production and identifying, executing and integrating acquisitions. Members of our management team have significant experience in the Wattenberg Field and were key participants in the shift from vertical to horizontal drilling that recently occurred during their tenures at industry leaders, including Anadarko Petroleum, Noble Energy, PDC Energy and others. Our management and technical teams have collectively participated in the drilling of over 500 horizontal wells in the Niobrara and Codell formations in the field. Through the significant decrease and volatility in commodity prices in late 2014, we have demonstrated our ability to responsibly grow our production and proved reserves while maintaining a conservative balance sheet.

    Financial strength and flexibility.   We have a strong financial position and a prudent financial management strategy, which will allow us to actively allocate capital in order to grow our proved reserves and production, both organically and through strategic acquisitions. As of June 30, 2016, after giving effect to this offering, the Financing Transactions described below and the use of the proceeds therefrom, and the consummation of the Bayswater Acquisition, we would have had $             million of liquidity, with $             million of cash and cash equivalents and $             million of available borrowing capacity under our revolving credit facility. We believe this borrowing capacity, along with our cash flow from operations and existing cash on the balance sheet, will provide us with sufficient liquidity to execute on our 2016 and 2017 capital program. We have an established hedging program to protect our future cash flows and provide some certainty for the budgeting of our capital plan.

Recent Developments

2016 Equity Offering

        In April, June and July 2016, we closed a private offering of units to existing and new members that resulted in net proceeds of approximately $120 million (the "2016 Equity Offering"). The proceeds of the 2016 Equity Offering were used for general business purposes, including to repay amounts borrowed under our revolving credit facility.

2016 Notes Offering

        On July 18, 2016, we closed a private offering (the "2016 Notes Offering") of $550 million principal amount of 7.875% senior unsecured notes due 2021 (the "2021 Notes"), which resulted in net proceeds to us of approximately $537 million after deducting estimated expenses and the initial purchasers' discount. We used a portion of the net proceeds from the 2016 Notes Offering to repay all of the outstanding borrowings and related premium, fees and expenses under our second lien notes (the "Second Lien Notes") which were terminated concurrently with such repayment, and we applied the remaining proceeds to repay borrowings under our revolving credit facility and for general business purposes.

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Bayswater Acquisition

    Bayswater Assets

        On July 29, 2016, we entered into a definitive agreement with Bayswater Exploration & Production, LLC and certain of its affiliates to acquire additional oil and gas properties primarily located in the Wattenberg Field (the "Bayswater Assets") for total consideration of $420 million in cash, subject to customary purchase price adjustments (the "Bayswater Acquisition"). Upon completion of the Bayswater Acquisition, we will be acquiring producing and non-producing assets primarily located in the central and northwest portions of the Wattenberg Field from an existing working interest partner, primarily around our existing Greeley and Windsor areas.

        The Bayswater Assets consist of working interests in approximately 6,100 net acres and produced approximately 10,000 net BOE/d during the month ended July 31, 2016, of which approximately 73% was oil or NGLs. As of July 29, 2016, the Bayswater Assets included 36 gross (20 net) drilled but uncompleted wells, representing 53 gross (32 net) wells on a 1-mile equivalent basis. We expect the majority of these drilled but uncompleted wells to be brought online in the first half of 2017. In addition, the Bayswater Assets will result in an additional 1,119 gross drilling locations (or 119 net locations on a 1-mile equivalent basis). A majority of these locations are located on acreage in which we already own a majority working interest and operate, resulting in an additional 90 unique gross drilling locations.

        Based on a reserve report from Ryder Scott, there are approximately 25,992 MBoe of proved reserves associated with the Bayswater Assets as of June 30, 2016, of which 57% were undeveloped.

        We expect to close the Bayswater Acquisition contemporaneously with the closing of this offering. However, the completion of the Bayswater Acquisition is subject to a number of conditions, and we may not be able to consummate it if such conditions are not met. We expect to use a portion of the net proceeds of this offering to fund the purchase price of the Bayswater Acquisition, and intend to fund the balance of the purchase price through the issuance of up to $350 million in convertible preferred securities and borrowings under our revolving credit facility. See "Use of Proceeds."

    Option to Acquire Additional Assets from Bayswater

        If and when we consummate the Bayswater Acquisition, we are required to pay $10 million for an option to purchase additional assets from Bayswater (the "Additional Bayswater Assets") for an additional $190 million, for a total purchase price for the Additional Bayswater Assets of $200 million. The option may be exercised at any time until March 31, 2017. If we do not exercise our option to acquire the Additional Bayswater Assets, Bayswater will have the right until April 30, 2017 to elect to sell those assets to us for an additional $120 million, for a total purchase price for the Additional Bayswater Assets of $130 million. The Additional Bayswater Assets include working interests in approximately 9,100 net acres primarily in the Wattenberg Field.

Convertible Preferred Securities

        We have agreed to issue to affiliates of Apollo Capital Management ("Apollo") up to $125 million in convertible preferred securities (the "Series A Preferred Units") to fund a portion of the purchase price for the Bayswater Acquisition. The Series A Preferred Units are entitled to receive a cash dividend of 10% per year, payable quarterly in arrears. We will use $        of the net proceeds of this offering to redeem the Series A Preferred Units in full, which amount includes a premium of $         million.

        In addition, we have agreed to issue to, among others, investment funds affiliated with OZ Management LP up to $225 million in convertible preferred securities (the "Series B Preferred Units") to fund a portion of the purchase price for the Bayswater Acquisition. The Series B Preferred Units are

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entitled to receive a cash dividend of 10% per year, payable quarterly in arrears, and we have the ability to pay up to 50% of the quarterly dividend in kind. The Series B Preferred Units will be converted in connection with the closing of this offering into shares of our Series A Convertible Preferred Stock (the "Series A Preferred Stock") that are entitled to receive a cash dividend of 5.875% per year, payable quarterly in arrears, and we have the ability to pay such quarterly dividends in kind at a dividend rate of 10% (decreased proportionately to the extent such quarterly dividends are paid in cash). Beginning on or after the later of a) 90 days after the closing of this offering and b) the expiration of the lock-up period contained in the underwriting agreement entered into in connection with this offering (the "Lock-Up Period End Date"), the Series A Preferred Stock will be convertible into shares of our common stock at the election of the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock (the "Series A Preferred Holders") at a conversion ratio per share of Series A Preferred Stock of            . Beginning on or after the Lock-Up Period End Date, we may elect to convert the Series A Preferred Stock at a conversion ratio per share of Series A Preferred Stock of            , but only if the closing price of our common stock trades at or above a certain premium to our initial offering price, such premium to decrease with time. In certain situations, including a change of control, the Series A Preferred Stock may be redeemed for cash in an amount equal to the greater of (i) 135% of the liquidation preference of the Series A Preferred Stock and (ii) a 17.5% annualized internal rate of return on the liquidation preference of the Series A Preferred Stock. The Series A Preferred Stock mature on October 15, 2021, at which time they are mandatorily redeemable for cash at par. See "Description of Capital Stock—Preferred Stock—Series A Preferred Stock."

        We refer to the 2016 Notes Offering, the 2016 Equity Offering and the issuance of the Series A Preferred Units and Series B Preferred Units as the "Financing Transactions."

Amendment to Revolving Credit Facility

        On September 14, 2016, we entered into an amendment to our revolving credit facility that, among other things, increased the borrowing base to $350 million. The amendment also provides that upon consummation of the Bayswater Acquisition, the borrowing base will be increased to $450 million. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources—Revolving Credit Facility."

Corporate Reorganization

        At or prior to the closing of this offering:

    XOG will convert from a Delaware limited liability company into a Delaware corporation;

    We will redeem the Series A Preferred Units in full with a portion of the net proceeds of this offering; and

    Holdings will merge with and into us, and we will be the surviving entity to such merger, with the equity holders in Holdings, other than the holders of the Series B Preferred Units (which will be converted in connection with the closing of this offering into shares of Series A Preferred Stock), but including the holders of restricted units and incentive units, receiving an aggregate number of shares of our common stock based on an implied valuation for us based on the initial public offering price set forth on the cover page of this prospectus and the current relative levels of ownership in Holdings, pursuant to the terms of the limited liability company agreement of Holdings, with the allocation of such shares among our existing equity holders to be later determined, pursuant to the terms of the limited liability company agreement of Holdings, by reference to an implied valuation for us based on the 10-day volume weighted average price of our common stock following the closing of this offering. See "Corporate Reorganization—Existing Owners Ownership."

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        As part of Holdings' merger with and into us, Holdings' other subsidiaries will become our direct or indirect subsidiaries.

        The following diagram indicates our simplified ownership structure immediately after this offering and the transactions described above (assuming that the underwriters' option to purchase additional shares is not exercised):

GRAPHIC


(1)
Includes funds managed by Yorktown Partners LLC, investment funds affiliated with OZ Management LP, BlackRock, Inc., Neuberger Berman Group LLC and management, among others.

(2)
Includes        shares of our common stock issuable upon conversion of all of the shares of our Series A Preferred Stock, assuming that all of the shares of Series A Preferred Stock were converted by the Series A Preferred Holders immediately after the consummation of this offering at a conversion ratio per share of Series A Preferred Stock of            .

        For more information, please see "Corporate Reorganization."

Risk Factors

        An investment in our common stock involves a number of risks that include the speculative nature of oil and natural gas exploration, competition, volatile commodity prices and other material factors.

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Importantly, due to an abundance of supply in the global crude oil market and the domestic natural gas market, oil and natural gas prices have decreased significantly. While we continue to believe our inventory of drilling opportunities is repeatable and relatively low-risk, should oil and natural gas prices materially decrease even further, we may reevaluate our development drilling program. Any postponement or elimination of our development drilling program could result in a reduction of proved reserve volumes and related standardized measure. You should carefully consider, in addition to the other information contained in this prospectus, the risks described in "Risk Factors" before investing in our common stock. These risks could materially affect our business, financial condition and results of operations and cause the trading price of our common stock to decline. You could lose part or all of your investment. You should bear in mind, in reviewing this prospectus, that past experience is no indication of future performance. You should read "Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements" for a discussion of what types of statements are forward-looking statements, as well as the significance of such statements in the context of this prospectus.

Corporate Sponsorship and Structure Information

        We were formed as a Delaware limited liability company in November 2012 and will convert into a Delaware corporation in connection with this offering. Our principal executive offices are located at 370 17th Street, Suite 5300, Denver, CO 80202 and our telephone number at that address is (720) 557-8300. We have a valuable relationship with funds managed by Yorktown Partners LLC ("Yorktown"), a private investment manager founded in 1991 that invests exclusively in the energy industry with an emphasis on North American oil and gas production and midstream businesses. Upon completion of this offering, Yorktown will own an approximate        % equity interest in us. Please see "Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management."

        Yorktown has raised 11 private equity funds totaling over $8 billion. The investors of Yorktown's funds include university endowments, foundations, families, insurance companies and other institutional investors. Yorktown's investment professionals review a large number of potential energy investments and are actively involved in decisions relating to the acquisition and disposition of oil and natural gas assets by the various portfolio companies in which Yorktown's funds own interests. With their extensive investment experience in the oil and natural gas industry and their extensive network of industry relationships, we believe that Yorktown's funds are well positioned to assist us in identifying and evaluating acquisition opportunities and in making strategic decisions. Yorktown's funds are not obligated to sell any properties to us and they are not prohibited from competing with us to acquire oil and natural gas properties. Investment funds managed by Yorktown manage numerous other portfolio companies that are engaged in the oil and natural gas industry and, as a result, Yorktown and its funds may present acquisition opportunities to other Yorktown portfolio companies that compete with us.

Emerging Growth Company Status

        We are an "emerging growth company" as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act (the "JOBS Act"). For as long as we are an emerging growth company, unlike other public companies that are not emerging growth companies under the JOBS Act, we are not required to:

    provide an auditor's attestation report on management's assessment of the effectiveness of our system of internal control over financial reporting pursuant to Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the "Sarbanes-Oxley Act");

    provide more than two years of audited financial statements and related management's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations nor more than two years of selected financial data;

    comply with any new requirements adopted by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (the "PCAOB") requiring mandatory audit firm rotation or a supplement to the auditor's report

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      in which the auditor would be required to provide additional information about the audit and the financial statements of the issuer;

    provide certain disclosure regarding executive compensation required of larger public companies or hold shareholder advisory votes on executive compensation required by the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the "Dodd-Frank Act"); or

    obtain shareholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.

        We will cease to be an emerging growth company upon the earliest of:

    the last day of the fiscal year in which we have $1.0 billion or more in annual revenues;

    the date on which we become a "large accelerated filer" (the fiscal year-end on which the total market value of our common equity securities held by non-affiliates is $700 million or more as of June 30);

    the date on which we issue more than $1.0 billion of non-convertible debt over a three-year period; or

    the last day of the fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of our initial public offering.

        In addition, Section 107 of the JOBS Act provides that an emerging growth company can take advantage of the extended transition period provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), for complying with new or revised accounting standards, but we have irrevocably opted out of the extended transition period and, as a result, we will adopt new or revised accounting standards on the relevant dates in which adoption of such standards is required for other public companies.

Corporate Information

        Our principal executive offices are located at 370 17th Street, Suite 5300, Denver, Colorado 80202, and our telephone number at that address is (720) 557-8300. Our website is located at www.extractionog.com . We expect to make our periodic reports and other information filed with or furnished to the SEC available free of charge through our website as soon as reasonably practicable after those reports and other information are electronically filed with or furnished to the SEC. Information on, or otherwise accessible through, our website or any other website is not incorporated by reference herein and does not constitute a part of this prospectus.

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The Offering

Common stock offered by us

               shares (or             shares, if the underwriters exercise in full their option to purchase additional shares).

Common stock to be outstanding after the offering

 

             shares (or             shares, if the underwriters exercise in full their option to purchase additional shares).

Option to purchase additional shares

 

We have granted the underwriters a 30-day option to purchase up to an aggregate of additional shares of our common stock to cover over-allotments, if any.

Use of proceeds

 

Assuming the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover of this prospectus, we expect to receive approximately $            of net proceeds from this offering, or $             million if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase            additional shares in full, in each case, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.

 

We intend to use (i) $         million of the net proceeds from this offering to redeem in full the Series A Preferred Units, (ii) $       million to pay a portion of the purchase price for the Bayswater Acquisition and (iii)  $        million to repay borrowings under our revolving credit facility. The remaining net proceeds will be used for general corporate purposes, including to fund our 2016 and 2017 capital expenditures.

 

Please see "Use of Proceeds."

Dividend policy

 

We do not anticipate paying any cash dividends on our common stock. In addition, our revolving credit facility and our 2021 Notes (collectively, our "debt arrangements") place certain restrictions on our ability to pay cash dividends.

Risk factors

 

You should carefully read and consider the information set forth under the heading "Risk Factors" and all other information set forth in this prospectus before deciding to invest in our common stock.

Directed share program

 

The underwriters have reserved for sale at the initial public offering price up to            % of the common stock being offered by this prospectus for sale to our employees, executive officers, directors, business associates and related persons who have expressed an interest in purchasing common stock in this offering. We do not know if these persons will choose to purchase all or any portion of these reserved shares, but any purchases they make will reduce the number of shares available to the general public. Please see "Underwriting."

Listing and trading symbol

 

We have applied to list our common stock on the NASDAQ Global Select Market (the "NASDAQ"), under the symbol "XOG."

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        The information above excludes            shares of common stock reserved for issuance under our long-term incentive plan (our "LTIP"), which we intend to adopt in connection with the completion of this offering, and            shares of common stock that would be issuable if the holders exercised their option to convert all of their shares of Series A Preferred Stock immediately after the consummation of this offering.

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SUMMARY HISTORICAL AND PRO FORMA FINANCIAL AND OPERATING DATA

        The summary historical financial data as of and for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 and the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 were derived from the unaudited and audited historical financial statements, respectively, of Holdings, our accounting predecessor (our "Predecessor"), included elsewhere in this prospectus. The summary unaudited pro forma statement of operations data of our Predecessor for the year ended December 31, 2015 have been prepared to give pro forma effect to (i) the Financing Transactions, (ii) the Bayswater Acquisition and the March 2015 Acquisition as described under "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Factors Affecting the Comparability of Our Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Oil and Gas Property Acquisitions," (iii) the transactions described under "—Corporate Reorganization" and (iv) this offering and the application of the net proceeds from this offering, as if each such transaction had been completed as of January 1, 2015. The summary unaudited pro forma statement of operations data of our Predecessor for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and the year ended December 31, 2015 and the pro forma balance sheet data of our Predecessor as of June 30, 2016 have been prepared to give pro forma effect to (i) the Financing Transactions, (ii) the Bayswater Acquisition, (iii) the transactions described under "—Corporate Reorganization" and (iv) this offering and the application of the net proceeds from this offering, as if each such transaction had been completed on January 1, 2015 for purposes of the statement of operations data and June 30, 2016 for purposes of the balance sheet data. The summary unaudited pro forma financial data of our Predecessor is presented for informational purposes only and should not be considered indicative of actual results of operations that would have been achieved had these transactions been consummated on the dates indicated and do not purport to be indicative of statements of financial position or results of operations as of any future date or for any future periods.

        You should read the following summary data in conjunction with "Use of Proceeds," "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and the historical and pro forma financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. Among other things, those historical and pro forma financial statements of our Predecessor include more detailed information regarding the basis of presentation for the following information. The historical financial results of our Predecessor are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for any future periods.

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  Predecessor   Pro Forma  
 
  Six Months Ended
June 30,
  Year Ended
December 31,
  Six
Months
Ended
June 30,
2016
   
 
 
  Year Ended
December 31,
2015
 
 
  2016   2015   2015   2014  
 
  (unaudited)
   
   
  (unaudited)
 
 
  (in thousands, except per unit/common share data)
 

Statements of Operations Data:

                                     

Revenues:

                                     

Oil sales

  $ 84,135   $ 77,464   $ 157,024   $ 75,460   $            $    

Natural gas sales

    14,937     10,234     26,019     9,247              

NGL sales

    11,424     5,084     14,707     8,133              

Total revenues

    110,496     92,782     197,750     92,840              

Operating Expenses:

                                     

Lease operating expenses

    25,339     11,312     30,628     5,067              

Production taxes

    10,748     7,924     17,035     9,743              

Exploration expenses

    8,752     4,852     18,636     126              

Depletion, depreciation, amortization and accretion

    94,638     59,290     146,547     34,042              

Impairment of long lived assets

    22,884     9,525     15,778                  

Other operating expenses

    891     1,657     2,353                  

Acquisition transaction expenses

        6,000     6,000                  

General and administrative expenses

    15,114     16,870     37,149     19,598              

Total operating expenses

    178,366     117,430     274,126     68,576              

Operating Income (Loss)

    (67,870 )   (24,648 )   (76,376 )   24,264              

Other Income (Expense):

                                     

Commodity derivative gain (loss)

    (78,650 )   (8,407 )   79,932     48,008              

Interest expense

    (26,698 )   (23,668 )   (51,030 )   (22,454 )            

Other income

    84     13     210     24              

Total other income (expense)

    (105,264 )   (32,062 )   29,112     25,578              

Income (loss) before income taxes

    (173,134 )   (56,710 )   (47,264 )   49,842              

Income tax expense (benefit)

                             

Net Income (Loss)

  $ (173,134 ) $ (56,710 ) $ (47,264 ) $ 49,842   $     $    

Net Income (Loss) per Unit/Common Share:

                                     

Basic

  $ (0.53 ) $ (0.22 ) $ (0.17 ) $ 0.28   $     $    

Diluted

  $ (0.53 ) $ (0.22 ) $ (0.17 ) $ 0.26   $     $    

Weighted Average Units/Common Shares Outstanding:

                                     

Basic

    323,967     260,209     277,322     180,429              

Diluted

    323,967     260,209     277,322     189,938              

Statements of Cash Flows Data:

                                     

Cash provided by (used in):

                                     

Operating activities

  $ 41,178   $ 61,958   $ 166,683   $ 77,390              

Investing activities

    (160,080 )   (320,036 )   (520,006 )   (970,640 )            

Financing activities

    125,466     200,780     371,404     972,090              

Balance Sheets Data (at period end):

                                     

Cash and cash equivalents

  $ 103,670         $ 97,106   $ 79,025   $          

Total assets

    1,593,786           1,634,140     1,201,069              

Total liabilities

    895,392           879,908     655,881              

Total member's equity

    698,394           754,232     545,188              

Other Financial Data:

                                     

Adjusted EBITDAX(1)

  $ 89,807   $ 87,025   $ 176,120   $ 66,892   $          

(1)
Adjusted EBITDAX is a non-GAAP financial measure. For a definition of Adjusted EBITDAX and a reconciliation to our most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP, please read "—Non-GAAP Financial Measures."

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Non-GAAP Financial Measures

Adjusted EBITDAX

        Adjusted EBITDAX is not a measure of net income (loss) as determined by United States generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"). Adjusted EBITDAX is a supplemental non-GAAP financial measure that is used by management and external users of our Predecessor's financial statements, such as industry analysts, investors, lenders and rating agencies. We define Adjusted EBITDAX as net income (loss) adjusted for certain cash and non-cash items, including depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion ("DD&A"), impairment of long lived assets, exploration expenses, rig termination fees, acquisition transaction expenses, commodity derivative (gain) loss, settlements on commodity derivatives, premiums paid for derivatives that settled during the period, unit-based compensation expense, amortization of debt discount and debt issuance costs, interest expense, income taxes and non-recurring charges.

        Management believes Adjusted EBITDAX is useful because it allows us to more effectively evaluate our operating performance and compare the results of our operations from period to period without regard to our financing methods or capital structure. We exclude the items listed above from net income (loss) in arriving at Adjusted EBITDAX because these amounts can vary substantially from company to company within our industry depending upon accounting methods and book values of assets, capital structures and the method by which the assets were acquired. Adjusted EBITDAX should not be considered as an alternative to, or more meaningful than, net income (loss) as determined in accordance with GAAP or as an indicator of our operating performance. Certain items excluded from Adjusted EBITDAX are significant components in understanding and assessing a company's financial performance, such as a company's cost of capital, hedging strategy and tax structure, as well as the historic costs of depreciable assets, none of which are components of Adjusted EBITDAX. Our computations of Adjusted EBITDAX may not be comparable to other similarly titled measure of other companies. We believe that Adjusted EBITDAX is a widely followed measure of operating performance.

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        The following table presents a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDAX to the GAAP financial measure of net income (loss) for each of the periods indicated.

 
  Predecessor   Pro Forma  
 
  Six Months
Ended
June 30,
  Year Ended
December 31,
  Six
Months
Ended
June 30,
2016
   
 
 
  Year Ended
December 31,
2015
 
 
  2016   2015   2015   2014  
 
  (unaudited)
   
   
  (unaudited)
 
 
  (in thousands)
 

Adjusted EBITDAX reconciliation to net income (loss):

                                     

Net income (loss)

  $ (173,134 )   (56,710 ) $ (47,264 ) $ 49,842   $     $    

Add back (subtract):

                                     

Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion

    94,638     59,290     146,547     34,042              

Impairment of long lived assets

    22,884     9,525     15,778                  

Exploration expenses

    8,752     4,852     18,636     126              

Rig termination fee

    891     1,657     1,657                  

Acquisition transaction expenses

        6,000     6,000                  

Commodity derivative loss (gain)           

    78,650     8,407     (79,932 )   (48,008 )            

Settlements on commodity derivatives

    33,160     27,374     59,785     3,974              

Premiums paid for derivatives that settled during the period

    (5,338 )   (112 )   (2,087 )                

Unit-based compensation expense

    2,606     3,074     5,970     4,462              

Amortization of debt discount and debt issuance costs

    2,424     1,956     5,604     1,985              

Interest expense

    24,274     21,712     45,426     20,469              

Adjusted EBITDAX

  $ 89,807   $ 87,025   $ 176,120   $ 66,892   $     $    

PV-10

        PV-10 is a non-GAAP financial measure and generally differs from Standardized Measure, the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure, because it does not include the effects of income taxes on future net revenues. Neither PV-10 nor Standardized Measure represents an estimate of the fair market value of our oil and natural gas properties. We and others in the industry use PV-10 as a measure to compare the relative size and value of proved reserves held by companies without regard to the specific tax characteristics of such entities.

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        The following table presents a reconciliation of PV-10 to the GAAP financial measure of Standardized Measure as of the dates indicated.

 
  As of
June 30,
  As of
December 31,
 
 
  2016   2015  
 
  (in thousands)
 

PV-10 of proved reserves

  $ 686,001   $ 835,883  

Present value of future income tax discounted at 10%

         

Standardized Measure(1)

  $ 686,001   $ 835,883  

(1)
If we had been subject to entity-level U.S. federal income taxes, the pro forma, undiscounted, income tax expense at June 30, 2016 would have been $             million ($             million on a discounted basis) and the Standardized Measure would have been $             million. If we had been subject to entity-level U.S. federal income taxes, the pro forma, undiscounted, income tax expense at December 31, 2015 would have been $             million ($             million on a discounted basis) and the Standardized Measure would have been $             million.

Summary Reserve Data and Operating Data

        The following tables present summary data with respect to our estimated net proved oil, natural gas and NGL reserves and operating data as of the dates presented.

        The reserve estimates presented in the table below are based on reports prepared by Ryder Scott, which reports were prepared in accordance with current SEC rules and regulations regarding oil and natural gas reserve reporting. The following tables also contain summary unaudited information regarding production and sales of oil and natural gas with respect to such properties.

        In evaluating the material presented below, please read "Risk Factors," "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," "Business—Oil and Natural Gas Data—Proved Reserves," "Business—Oil, Natural Gas and NGL Production Prices and Production Costs—Production and Price History" and our financial statements and notes thereto. Our historical results of operations are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for any future periods.

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  As of
June 30,
2016(1)
  As of
December 31,
2015(1)
 

Proved Reserves:

             

Oil (MBbls)

    79,111     71,500  

Natural gas (MMcf)

    365,702     292,584  

NGL (MBbls)

    47,227     38,383  

Total Proved Reserves (MBoe)(2)

    187,288     158,647  

Total Proved PV-10 (Millions)(3)

  $ 686.0   $ 835.9  

Proved Developed Reserves:

             

Oil (MBbls)

    17,391     14,249  

Natural gas (MMcf)

    87,411     53,011  

NGL (MBbls)

    11,340     7,058  

Proved Developed Reserves (MBoe)(2)

    43,299     30,142  

Proved Developed PV-10 (Millions)(3)

  $ 398.7   $ 368.1  

Proved Developed PV-10 as a Percentage of Total Proved PV-10

    58.1 %   44.0 %

Proved Undeveloped Reserves:

             

Oil (MBbls)

    61,720     57,252  

Natural gas (MMcf)

    278,291     239,572  

NGL (MBbls)

    35,887     31,325  

Proved Undeveloped Reserves (MBoe)(2)

    143,989     128,505  

Proved Undeveloped PV-10 (Millions)(3)

  $ 287.3   $ 467.7  

Proved Undeveloped PV-10 as a Percentage of Total Proved PV-10

    41.9 %   56.0 %

(1)
Our estimated net proved reserves were determined using average first-day-of-the-month prices for the prior 12 months in accordance with SEC guidance. The unweighted arithmetic average first-day-of-the-month prices for the prior 12 months were $43.12/Bbl for oil and $2.10/MMBtu for natural gas at June 30, 2016 and $50.28/Bbl for oil and $2.58/MMBtu for natural gas at December 31, 2015. These prices were adjusted by lease for quality, transportation fees, geographical differentials, marketing bonuses or deductions and other factors affecting the price received at the wellhead. For more information regarding commodity price risk, please see "Risk Factors—Risks Related to the Oil, Natural Gas and NGL Industry and Our Business—Reserve estimates depend on many assumptions that may turn out to be inaccurate. Any material inaccuracies in reserve estimates or underlying assumptions will materially affect the quantities and present value of our reserves."

(2)
One BOE is equal to six Mcf of natural gas or one Bbl of oil or NGL based on an approximate energy equivalency. This is an energy content correlation and does not reflect a value or price relationship between the commodities.

(3)
PV-10 is a non-GAAP financial measure. For a reconciliation of PV-10 to the GAAP financial measure of Standardized Measure, please see "—Summary Historical and Pro Forma Financial and Operating Data—Non-GAAP Financial Measures."

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  Six Months Ended
June 30,
  Year Ended
December 31,
 
 
  2016   2015   2015   2014  
 
  (unaudited)
(in thousands)

 

Summary Historical Operating Data:

                         

Production and Operating Data:

                         

Net production volumes:

                         

Oil (MBbls)

    2,518.0     1,777.5     3,945.6     1,022.2  

Natural gas (MMcf)

    8,060.7     4,471.9     10,823.0     2,664.1  

NGL (MBbls)

    904.6     488.3     1,334.6     325.3  

Total (MBoe)(1)

    4,766.1     3,011.1     7,084.0     1,791.5  

Average net production (BOE/d)(1)

    26,187     16,636     19,408     4,908  

Average sales prices(2):

                         

Oil sales (per Bbl)

  $ 33.41   $ 43.58   $ 39.80   $ 73.82  

Oil sales with derivative settlements (per Bbl)

  $ 41.51   $ 58.06   $ 53.29   $ 77.66  

Natural gas (per Mcf)

  $ 1.85   $ 2.29   $ 2.40   $ 3.47  

Natural gas sales with derivative settlements (per Mcf)

  $ 2.77   $ 2.63   $ 2.82   $ 3.49  

NGL (per Bbl)

  $ 12.63   $ 10.41   $ 11.02   $ 25.00  

Average price per BOE

  $ 23.18   $ 30.81   $ 27.92   $ 51.82  

Average price per BOE with derivative settlements

  $ 29.02   $ 39.87   $ 36.06   $ 54.04  

Average unit costs per BOE:

                         

Lease operating expenses

  $ 5.32   $ 3.76   $ 4.32   $ 2.83  

Production taxes

  $ 2.26   $ 2.63   $ 2.40   $ 5.44  

Exploration expenses

  $ 1.84   $ 1.61   $ 2.63   $ 0.07  

Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion

  $ 19.86   $ 19.69   $ 20.69   $ 19.00  

Impairment of long lived assets

  $ 4.80   $ 3.16   $ 2.23   $  

Other operating expenses

  $ 0.19   $ 0.55   $ 0.33   $  

Acquisition transaction expenses

  $   $ 1.99   $ 0.85   $  

General and administrative expenses

  $ 3.17   $ 5.60   $ 5.24   $ 10.94  

Unit-based compensation

  $ 0.55   $ 1.02   $ 0.84   $ 2.49  

Total operating expenses per BOE

  $ 37.42   $ 39.00   $ 38.69   $ 38.28  

(1)
One BOE is equal to six Mcf of natural gas or one Bbl of oil or NGL based on an approximate energy equivalency. This is an energy content correlation and does not reflect a value or price relationship between the commodities.

(2)
Average prices shown in the table reflect prices both before and after the effects of our realized commodity hedging transactions. Our calculation of such effects includes both realized gains or losses on cash settlements for commodity derivative transactions and premiums paid or received on options, if any, that settled during the period.

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RISK FACTORS

         An investment in our common stock involves a number of risks. You should carefully consider each of the following risk factors and all of the other information set forth in this prospectus before making an investment decision. If any of the following risks actually occur, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected and we may not be able to achieve our goals. We cannot assure you that any of the events discussed in the risk factors below will not occur. Further, the risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face. Additional risks not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also materially affect our business. If any of these risks occur, the trading price of our common stock could decline and you may lose all or part of your investment.

Risks Related to the Oil, Natural Gas and NGL Industry and Our Business

Oil and natural gas prices are volatile. An extended or further decline in commodity prices may adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations and our ability to meet our capital expenditure obligations and financial commitments. Additionally, the value of our proved reserves calculated using SEC pricing may be higher than the fair market value of our proved reserves calculated using current market prices.

        The prices we receive for our oil, natural gas and NGL production heavily influence our revenue, profitability, access to capital and future rate of growth. Oil, natural gas and NGL are commodities and, therefore, their prices are subject to wide fluctuations in response to relatively minor changes in supply and demand. Historically, the commodities market has been volatile. For example, during the period from January 1, 2014 to August 15, 2016, NYMEX West Texas Intermediate oil prices ranged from a high of $107.26 per Bbl to a low of $26.21 per Bbl. Average daily prices for NYMEX Henry Hub gas ranged from a high of $6.15 per MMBtu to a low of $1.64 per MMBtu during the same period. The duration and magnitude of the recent decline in oil prices cannot be predicted. This market will likely continue to be volatile in the future. The prices we receive for our production, and the levels of our production, depend on numerous factors beyond our control. These factors include the following:

        Since November 2014, prices for U.S. oil have weakened in response to continued high levels of production by the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Companies ("OPEC"), a buildup in

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inventories and lower global demand. Additionally, OPEC has announced that it will continue to maintain current oil production levels.

        Lower commodity prices will reduce our cash flows and borrowing ability. We may be unable to obtain needed capital or financing on satisfactory terms, which could lead to a decline in the present value of our reserves and our ability to develop future reserves. Lower commodity prices may also reduce the amount of oil, natural gas and NGL that we can produce economically and may impact our ability to satisfy our obligations under firm-commitment transportation agreements. We have historically been able to hedge our oil and natural gas production at prices that are significantly higher than current strip prices. However, in the current commodity price environment, our ability to enter into comparable derivative arrangements may be limited, and, following this offering, we will not be under an obligation to hedge a specific portion of our oil or natural gas production.

        Using lower prices in estimating proved reserves would likely result in a reduction in proved reserve volumes due to economic limits. While it is difficult to project future economic conditions and whether such conditions will result in impairment of proved property costs, we consider several variables including specific market factors and circumstances at the time of prospective impairment reviews, and the continuing evaluation of development plans, production data, economics and other factors. In addition, sustained periods with oil and natural gas prices at levels lower than current West Texas Intermediate strip prices and the resultant effect such prices may have on our drilling economics and our ability to raise capital may require us to re-evaluate and postpone or eliminate our development drilling, which could result in the reduction of some of our proved undeveloped reserves and related standardized measure. If we are required to curtail our drilling program, we may be unable to continue to hold leases that are scheduled to expire, which may further reduce our reserves. As a result, a substantial or extended decline in commodity prices may materially and adversely affect our future business, financial condition, results of operations, liquidity or ability to finance planned capital expenditures.

Our development and exploratory drilling efforts and our well operations may not be profitable or achieve our targeted returns.

        We have acquired significant amounts of unproved property in order to further our development efforts and expect to continue to undertake acquisitions in the future. Development and exploratory drilling and production activities are subject to many risks, including the risk that no commercially productive reservoirs will be discovered. We acquire unproved properties and lease undeveloped acreage that we believe will enhance our growth potential and increase our results of operations over time. However, we cannot assure you that all prospects will be economically viable or that we will not abandon our investments. Additionally, we cannot assure you that unproved property acquired by us or undeveloped acreage leased by us will be profitably developed, that wells drilled by us in prospects that we pursue will be productive or that we will recover all or any portion of our investment in such unproved property or wells.

Properties we acquire may not produce as projected, and we may be unable to determine reserve potential, identify liabilities associated with the properties that we acquire or obtain protection from sellers against such liabilities.

        Acquiring oil and natural gas properties requires us to assess reservoir and infrastructure characteristics, including recoverable reserves, development and operating costs and potential liabilities, including environmental liabilities. Such assessments are inexact and inherently uncertain. For these reasons, the properties we have acquired or will acquire in the future may not produce as projected. In connection with the assessments, we perform a review of the subject properties, but such a review will not reveal all existing or potential problems. In the course of our due diligence, we may not review every well, pipeline or associated facility. We cannot necessarily observe structural and environmental problems, such as pipe corrosion or groundwater contamination, when a review is performed. We may

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be unable to obtain contractual indemnities from the seller for liabilities created prior to our purchase of the property. We may be required to assume the risk of the physical condition of the properties in addition to the risk that the properties may not perform in accordance with our expectations.

Our exploration and development projects require substantial capital expenditures. We may be unable to obtain required capital or financing on satisfactory terms, which could lead to a decline in our reserves.

        The oil and natural gas industry is capital intensive. We make and expect to continue to make substantial capital expenditures for the exploitation, development and acquisition of oil and natural gas reserves. We expect to fund the remainder of 2016 capital expenditures and our 2017 capital expenditures with the proceeds of this offering, cash generated by operations, borrowings under our revolving credit facility and possibly through asset sales or additional capital market transactions. The actual amount and timing of our future capital expenditures may differ materially from our estimates as a result of, among other things, oil, natural gas and NGL prices, actual drilling results, the availability of drilling rigs and other services and equipment, and regulatory, technological and competitive developments. A reduction in commodity prices from current levels may result in a decrease in our actual capital expenditures, which would negatively impact our ability to grow production. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources."

Our cash flow from operations and access to capital are subject to a number of variables, including:

        If our revenues or the borrowing base under our revolving credit facility decreases as a result of lower oil, natural gas and NGL prices, operating difficulties, declines in reserves or for any other reason, we may have limited ability to obtain the capital necessary to sustain our operations and growth at current levels. If additional capital is needed, we may not be able to obtain debt or equity financing on terms acceptable to us, if at all. If cash flow generated by our operations or available borrowings under our revolving credit facility are not sufficient to meet our capital requirements, the failure to obtain additional financing could result in a curtailment of our operations relating to development of our properties, which in turn could lead to a decline in our reserves and production, and would adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Drilling for and producing oil and natural gas are high risk activities with many uncertainties that could adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.

        Our future financial condition and results of operations will depend on the success of our exploitation, development and acquisition activities, which are subject to numerous risks beyond our control, including the risk that drilling will not result in commercially viable oil and natural gas production.

        Our decisions to purchase, explore, develop or otherwise exploit prospects or properties will depend in part on the evaluation of data obtained through geophysical and geological analyses, production data and engineering studies, the results of which are often inconclusive or subject to varying interpretations. For a discussion of the uncertainty involved in these processes, see "—Reserve estimates depend on many assumptions that may turn out to be inaccurate. Any material inaccuracies

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in reserve estimates or underlying assumptions will materially affect the quantities and present value of our reserves." In addition, our cost of drilling, completing and operating wells is often uncertain before drilling commences.

        Further, many factors may curtail, delay or cancel our scheduled drilling projects, including the following:

Our identified drilling locations are scheduled over many years, making them susceptible to uncertainties that could materially alter the occurrence or timing of their drilling. In addition, we may not be able to raise the substantial amount of capital that would be necessary to drill such locations.

        Our management team has specifically identified and scheduled certain drilling locations as an estimation of our future multi-year drilling activities on our existing acreage. These locations represent a significant part of our growth strategy. Our ability to drill and develop these locations depends on a number of uncertainties, including oil, natural gas and NGL prices, the availability and cost of capital, drilling and production costs, availability of drilling services and equipment, drilling results, lease expirations, gathering system and pipeline transportation constraints, access to and availability of water sourcing and distribution systems, regulatory approvals and other factors. Because of these uncertain factors, we do not know if the numerous potential well locations we have identified will ever be drilled or if we will be able to produce natural gas or oil from these or any other potential locations. In addition, unless production is established within the spacing units covering the undeveloped acres on which some of the potential locations are obtained, the leases for such acreage will expire. As such, our actual drilling activities may materially differ from those presently identified.

        In addition, we will require significant additional capital over a prolonged period in order to pursue the development of these locations, and we may not be able to raise or generate the capital required to do so. Any drilling activities we are able to conduct on these potential locations may not be successful or result in our ability to add additional proved reserves to our overall proved reserves or

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may result in a downward revision of our estimated proved reserves, which could have a material adverse effect on our future business and results of operations.

Restrictions in our existing and future debt agreements could limit our growth and our ability to engage in certain activities.

        Our debt arrangements contain a number of significant covenants, including restrictive covenants that may limit our ability to, among other things:

        In addition, our debt arrangements require us to maintain certain financial ratios or to reduce our indebtedness if we are unable to comply with such ratios. These restrictions may also limit our ability to obtain future financings to withstand a future downturn in our business or the economy in general, or to otherwise conduct necessary corporate activities. We may also be prevented from taking advantage of business opportunities that arise because of the limitations that the restrictive covenants under our debt arrangements will impose on us.

        Our revolving credit facility limits the amount we can borrow up to the lower of our aggregate lender commitments and a borrowing base amount, which the lenders, in their sole discretion, will determine on a semi-annual basis based upon projected revenues from the oil and natural gas properties securing our loan. The lenders will be able to unilaterally adjust the borrowing base and the borrowings permitted to be outstanding under our revolving credit facility. Any increase in the borrowing base requires the consent of the lenders holding 100% of the commitments. If the requisite number of lenders does not agree to a proposed borrowing base, then the borrowing base will be the highest borrowing base acceptable to such lenders. We will be required to repay outstanding borrowings in excess of the borrowing base. As of June 30, 2016, our borrowing base was $285.0 million. On September 14, 2016, we entered into an amendment to our revolving credit facility that, among other things, increased the borrowing base to $350 million. The amendment also provides that upon consummation of the Bayswater Acquisition, the borrowing base will be increased to $450 million.

        A breach of any covenant in our revolving credit facility will result in a default under the revolving credit facility after any applicable grace periods. A default, if not waived, could result in acceleration of the indebtedness outstanding under the facility and a default with respect to, and an acceleration of, the indebtedness outstanding under other debt agreements. The accelerated indebtedness would become immediately due and payable. If that occurs, we may not be able to make all of the required payments or borrow sufficient funds to refinance such indebtedness. Even if new financing were

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available at that time, it may not be on terms that are acceptable to us. In addition, our obligations under our revolving credit facility are secured by perfected first priority liens and security interests on substantially all of our assets, including mortgage liens on oil and natural gas properties having at least 80% of the reserve value as determined by reserve reports, and if we are unable to repay our indebtedness under the revolving credit facility, the lenders could seek to foreclose on our assets.

We may not be able to generate sufficient cash to service all of our indebtedness and may be forced to take other actions to satisfy our obligations under our debt arrangements, which may not be successful.

        Our ability to make scheduled payments on or to refinance our indebtedness obligations, including our revolving credit facility and our 2021 Notes, depends on our financial condition and operating performance, which are subject to prevailing economic and competitive conditions and certain financial, business and other factors beyond our control. If oil and natural gas prices remain at their current level for an extended period of time or continue to decline, we may not be able to maintain a level of cash flows from operating activities sufficient to permit us to pay the principal, premium, if any, and interest on our indebtedness.

        If our cash flows and capital resources are insufficient to fund debt service obligations, we may be forced to reduce or delay investments and capital expenditures, sell assets, seek additional capital or restructure or refinance indebtedness. Our ability to restructure or refinance indebtedness will depend on the condition of the capital markets and our financial condition at such time. Any refinancing of indebtedness could be at higher interest rates and may require us to comply with more onerous covenants, which could further restrict business operations. The terms of existing or future debt arrangements may restrict us from adopting some of these alternatives. In addition, any failure to make payments of interest and principal on outstanding indebtedness on a timely basis could harm our ability to incur additional indebtedness. In the absence of sufficient cash flows and capital resources, we could face substantial liquidity problems and might be required to dispose of material assets or operations to meet debt service and other obligations. Our revolving credit facility and the indenture governing our 2021 Notes currently restrict our ability to dispose of assets and our use of the proceeds from such disposition. We may not be able to consummate those dispositions, and the proceeds of any such disposition may not be adequate to meet any debt service obligations then due. These alternative measures may not be successful and may not permit us to meet scheduled debt service obligations.

        In addition, we will require significant additional capital over a prolonged period in order to pursue the development of these locations, and we may not be able to raise or generate the capital required to do so. Any drilling activities we are able to conduct on these potential locations may not be successful or result in our ability to add additional proved reserves to our overall proved reserves or may result in a downward revision of our estimated proved reserves, which could have a material adverse effect on our future business and results of operations.

Our derivative activities could result in financial losses or could reduce our earnings.

        To achieve more predictable cash flows and reduce our exposure to adverse fluctuations in the prices of oil, natural gas and NGL, we enter into commodity derivative contracts for a significant portion of our production, primarily consisting of swaps, put options and call options. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Overview—Sources of Our Revenues." Accordingly, our earnings may fluctuate significantly as a result of changes in fair value of our derivative instruments.

        Derivative instruments also expose us to the risk of financial loss in some circumstances, including when:

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        The use of derivatives may, in some cases, require the posting of cash collateral with counterparties. If we enter into derivative instruments that require cash collateral and commodity prices or interest rates change in a manner adverse to us, our cash otherwise available for use in our operations would be reduced, which could limit our ability to make future capital expenditures and make payments on our indebtedness, and which could also limit the size of our borrowing base. Future collateral requirements will depend on arrangements with our counterparties, highly volatile oil, natural gas and NGL prices and interest rates. In addition, derivative arrangements could limit the benefit we would receive from increases in the prices for oil, natural gas and NGL, which could also have an adverse effect on our financial condition.

        Our commodity derivative contracts expose us to risk of financial loss if a counterparty fails to perform under a contract. Disruptions in the financial markets could lead to sudden decreases in a counterparty's liquidity, which could make them unable to perform under the terms of the contract and we may not be able to realize the benefit of the contract. We are unable to predict sudden changes in a counterparty's creditworthiness or ability to perform. Even if we do accurately predict sudden changes, our ability to negate the risk may be limited depending upon market conditions.

        During periods of declining commodity prices, our derivative contract receivable positions generally increase, which increases our counterparty credit exposure. If the creditworthiness of our counterparties deteriorates and results in their nonperformance, we could incur a significant loss with respect to our commodity derivative contracts.

Reserve estimates depend on many assumptions that may turn out to be inaccurate. Any material inaccuracies in reserve estimates or underlying assumptions will materially affect the quantities and present value of our reserves.

        The process of estimating oil and natural gas reserves is complex. It requires interpretations of available technical data and many assumptions, including assumptions relating to current and future economic conditions and commodity prices. Any significant inaccuracies in these interpretations or assumptions could materially affect the estimated quantities and present value of our reserves.

        In order to prepare reserve estimates, we must project production rates and timing of development expenditures. We must also analyze available geological, geophysical, production and engineering data. The extent, quality and reliability of this data can vary. The process also requires economic assumptions about matters such as oil, natural gas and NGL prices, drilling and operating expenses, capital expenditures, taxes and availability of funds.

        Actual future production, oil, natural gas and NGL prices, revenues, taxes, development expenditures, operating expenses and quantities of recoverable oil and natural gas reserves will vary from our estimates. Any significant variance could materially affect the estimated quantities and present value of our reserves. In addition, we may revise reserve estimates to reflect production history, results of exploration and development, existing commodity prices and other factors, many of which are beyond our control.

        You should not assume that the present value of future net revenues from our reserves is the current market value of our estimated reserves. We generally base the estimated discounted future net cash flows from reserves on prices and costs on the date of the estimate. Actual future prices and costs may differ materially from those used in the present value estimate. For example, our estimated proved reserves as of June 30, 2016 were calculated under SEC rules using the unweighted arithmetic average first-day-of-the-month prices for the prior 12 months of $43.12/Bbl for oil and $2.10/MMBtu for natural gas, which for certain periods of 2016 were substantially above the available spot oil and natural gas

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prices. Using lower prices in estimating proved reserves would likely result in a reduction in proved reserve volumes due to economic limits.

There is a limited amount of production data from horizontal wells completed in the Wattenberg Field. As a result, reserve estimates associated with horizontal wells in this area are subject to greater uncertainty than estimates associated with reserves attributable to vertical wells in the same area.

        Reserve engineers rely in part on the production history of nearby wells in establishing reserve estimates for a particular well or field. Horizontal drilling in the Wattenberg Field is a relatively recent development, whereas vertical drilling has been utilized by producers in this area for over 50 years. As a result, the amount of production data from horizontal wells available to reserve engineers is relatively small compared to that of production data from vertical wells. Until a greater number of horizontal wells have been completed in the Wattenberg Field, and a longer production history from these wells has been established, there may be a greater variance in our proved reserves on a year-over-year basis due to the transition from vertical to horizontal reserves in both the proved developed and proved undeveloped categories. We cannot assure you that any such variance would not be material and any such variance could have a material and adverse impact on our cash flows and results of operations.

Part of our strategy involves drilling using the latest available horizontal drilling and completion techniques, which involve risks and uncertainties in their application.

        Our operations involve utilizing the latest drilling and completion techniques as developed by us and our service providers. As of July 31, 2016, we have drilled 259 gross one-mile equivalent horizontal wells and have completed 230 gross one-mile equivalent horizontal wells, and therefore are subject to increased risks associated with horizontal drilling as compared to companies that have greater experience in horizontal drilling activities. Risks that we face while drilling include, but are not limited to, failing to land our wellbore in the desired drilling zone, not staying in the desired drilling zone while drilling horizontally through the formation, not running our casing the entire length of the wellbore and not being able to run tools and other equipment consistently through the horizontal wellbore. Risks that we face while completing our wells include, but are not limited to, not being able to fracture stimulate the planned number of stages, not being able to run tools the entire length of the wellbore during completion operations and not successfully cleaning out the wellbore after completion of the final fracture stimulation stage. In addition, our horizontal drilling activities may adversely affect our ability to successfully drill in one or more of our identified vertical drilling locations. Ultimately, the success of these drilling and completion techniques can only be evaluated over time as more wells are drilled and production profiles are established over a sufficiently long time period. If our drilling results are less than anticipated or we are unable to execute our drilling program because of capital constraints, lease expirations, access to gathering systems and/or commodity prices decline, the return on our investment in these areas may not be as attractive as we anticipate. Further, as a result of any of these developments we could incur material write-downs of our oil and natural gas properties and the value of our undeveloped acreage could decline in the future.

Approximately 57% of our net leasehold acreage is undeveloped, without giving effect to the Bayswater Acquisition, and that acreage may not ultimately be developed or become commercially productive, which could cause us to lose rights under our leases as well as have a material adverse effect on our oil and natural gas reserves and future production and, therefore, our future cash flow and income.

        As of June 30, 2016, approximately 57% of our net leasehold acreage was undeveloped, without giving effect to the Bayswater Acquisition, or acreage on which wells have not been drilled or completed to a point that would permit the production of commercial quantities of oil and natural gas regardless of whether such acreage contains proved reserves. Unless production is established on the undeveloped acreage covered by our leases, such leases will expire. Our future oil and natural gas

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reserves and production and, therefore, our future cash flow and income are highly dependent on successfully developing our undeveloped leasehold acreage.

Substantially all of our producing properties are located in the Wattenberg Field within the DJ Basin of Colorado, making us vulnerable to risks associated with operating in one major geographic area. Specifically, as the DJ Basin is an area of high industry activity, we may be unable to hire, train or retain qualified personnel needed to manage and operate our assets.

        Substantially all of our producing properties are geographically concentrated in the Wattenberg Field of Colorado, an area in which industry activity has increased rapidly. At June 30, 2016, substantially all of our total estimated proved reserves were attributable to properties located in this area. As a result of this concentration, we may be disproportionately exposed to the impact of regional supply and demand factors, delays or interruptions of production from wells in this area caused by governmental regulation, processing or transportation capacity constraints, market limitations, water shortages or other drought or extreme weather related conditions or interruption of the processing or transportation of oil, natural gas or NGL.

        Specifically, demand for qualified personnel in this area, and the cost to attract and retain such personnel, has increased over the past few years and may increase substantially in the future. Moreover, our competitors, including those operating in multiple basins, may be able to offer better compensation packages to attract and retain qualified personnel than we are able to offer. Any delay or inability to secure the personnel necessary for us to continue or complete our current and planned development activities could have a negative effect on production volumes or significantly increase costs, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, liquidity and financial condition.

The marketability of our production is dependent upon transportation and other facilities, certain of which we do not control. If these facilities are unavailable, our operations could be interrupted and our revenues reduced.

        The marketing of oil, natural gas and NGL production depends in large part on the availability, proximity and capacity of pipelines and storage facilities, gas gathering systems and other transportation, processing and refining facilities, as well as the existence of adequate markets. If there is insufficient capacity available on these systems, or if these systems are unavailable to us, the price offered for our production could be significantly depressed, or we could be forced to shut in some production or delay or discontinue drilling plans and commercial production following a discovery of hydrocarbons while we construct our own facility. We also rely (and expect to rely in the future) on facilities developed and owned by third parties in order to store, process, transport and sell our oil, natural gas and NGL production. Our plans to develop and sell our oil and gas reserves could be materially and adversely affected by the inability or unwillingness of third parties to provide sufficient transportation, storage or processing facilities to us, especially in areas of planned expansion where such facilities do not currently exist.

Our drilling and production programs may not be able to obtain access on commercially reasonable terms or otherwise to truck transportation, pipelines, gas gathering, transmission, storage and processing facilities to market our oil and gas production, and our initiatives to expand our access to midstream and operational infrastructure may be unsuccessful.

        The marketing of oil and natural gas production depends in large part on the capacity and availability of trucks, pipelines and storage facilities, gas gathering systems and other transportation, processing and refining facilities. Access to such facilities is, in many respects, beyond our control. If these facilities are unavailable to us on commercially reasonable terms or otherwise, we could be forced to shut in some production or delay or discontinue drilling plans and commercial production following a discovery of hydrocarbons. We rely (and expect to rely in the future) on facilities developed and owned by third parties in order to store, process, transmit and sell our oil and gas production. Our

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plans to develop and sell our oil and gas reserves could be materially and adversely affected by the inability or unwillingness of third parties to provide sufficient facilities and services to us on commercially reasonable terms or otherwise. The amount of oil and gas that can be produced is subject to limitation in certain circumstances, such as pipeline interruptions due to scheduled and unscheduled maintenance, excessive pressure, damage to the gathering, transportation, refining or processing facilities, or lack of capacity on such facilities. For example, recent increases in activity in the Wattenberg Field have contributed to bottlenecks in processing and transportation that have negatively affected our results of operations, and these adverse effects may be disproportionately severe to us compared to our more geographically diverse competitors. Capacity constraints typically reduce the productivity of some of our older vertical wells and may on occasion limit incremental production from some of our newer horizontal wells. This constrains our production and reduces our revenue from the affected wells. Capacity constraints affecting natural gas production also impact the associated NGL. We are also dependent on the availability and capacity of oil purchasers for our production. Increases in the amount of oil that we transport out of the Wattenberg area for sale would result in an increase in our transportation costs and would reduce the price we receive for the affected production.

        Similarly, the concentration of our assets within a small number of producing formations exposes us to risks, such as changes in field-wide rules, which could adversely affect development activities or production relating to those formations. In addition, in areas where exploration and production activities are increasing, as has been the case in recent years in the Wattenberg Field, we are subject to increasing competition for drilling rigs, oilfield equipment, services, supplies and qualified personnel, which may lead to periodic shortages or delays. The curtailments arising from these and similar circumstances may last from a few days to several months, and in many cases, we may be provided only limited, if any, notice as to when these circumstances will arise and their duration.

        While we have undertaken initiatives to expand our access to midstream and operational infrastructure, these initiatives may be delayed or unsuccessful. As a result, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

We are required to pay fees to our service providers based on minimum volumes under a long-term contract regardless of actual volume throughput.

        We may enter into firm transportation, gas processing, gathering and compression service, water handling and treatment, or other agreements that require minimum volume delivery commitments. We are currently party to a firm transportation agreement that commences in November 2016 and has a ten-year term, which obligates us to meet delivery commitments of 40,000 Bbl/d in year one, 52,000 Bbl/d in year two, and 58,000 Bbl/d in years three through ten. We are obligated to pay fees on minimum volumes to this service provider regardless of actual volume throughput. Lower commodity prices may lead to reductions in our drilling program, which may result in insufficient production to utilize our full firm transportation and processing capacity. As of June 30, 2016, the aggregate amount of estimated payments over the ten-year term of this agreement was $887.3 million. If we have insufficient production to meet the minimum volumes under this agreement or any other firm commitment agreement we may enter into, our cash flow from operations will be reduced, which may require us to reduce or delay our planned investments and capital expenditures or seek alternative means of financing, all of which may have a material adverse effect on our results or operations.

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The prices we receive for our production may be affected by local and regional factors.

        The prices we receive for our production will be determined to a significant extent by factors affecting the local and regional supply of and demand for oil and natural gas, including the adequacy of the pipeline and processing infrastructure in the region to process, and transport, our production and that of other producers. Those factors result in basis differentials between the published indices generally used to establish the price received for regional oil and natural gas production and the actual price we receive for our production, which may be lower than index prices. If the price differentials pursuant to which our production is subject were to widen due to oversupply or other factors, our revenue could be negatively impacted.

Extreme weather conditions could adversely affect our ability to conduct drilling activities in the areas where we operate.

        Our exploration, exploitation and development activities and equipment could be adversely affected by extreme weather conditions, such as winter storms, which may cause a loss of production from temporary cessation of activity or lost or damaged facilities and equipment. Such extreme weather conditions could also impact other areas of our operations, including access to our drilling and production facilities for routine operations, maintenance and repairs and the availability of, and our access to, necessary third-party services, such as gathering, processing, compression and transportation services. These constraints and the resulting shortages or high costs could delay or temporarily halt our operations and materially increase our operation and capital costs, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Changes in the legal and regulatory environment governing the oil and natural gas industry, particularly changes in the current Colorado forced pooling system, could have a material adverse effect on our business.

        Our business is subject to various forms of government regulation, including laws and regulations concerning the location, spacing and permitting of the oil and natural gas wells we drill, among other matters. In particular, our business utilizes a methodology available in Colorado known as "forced pooling," which refers to the ability of a holder of an oil and natural gas interest in a particular prospective drilling spacing unit to apply to the Colorado Oil & Gas Conservation Commission (the "COGCC") for an order forcing all other holders of oil and natural gas interests in such area into a common pool for purposes of developing that drilling spacing unit. This methodology is especially important for our operations in the Greeley area, where there are many interest holders. Changes in the legal and regulatory environment governing our industry, particularly any changes to Colorado forced pooling procedures that make forced pooling more difficult to accomplish, could result in increased compliance costs and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

SEC rules could limit our ability to book additional proved undeveloped reserves ("PUDs") in the future.

        SEC rules require that, subject to limited exceptions, PUDs may only be booked if they relate to wells scheduled to be drilled within five years after the date of booking. This requirement has limited and may continue to limit our ability to book additional PUDs as we pursue our drilling program. Moreover, we may be required to write down our PUDs if we do not drill or plan on delaying those wells within the required five-year timeframe.

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The development of our estimated proved undeveloped reserves may take longer and may require higher levels of capital expenditures than we currently anticipate. Therefore, our estimated proved undeveloped reserves may not be ultimately developed or produced.

        At June 30, 2016, before giving effect to the Bayswater Acquisition, approximately 80% of our total estimated proved reserves were classified as proved undeveloped. Our approximately 129,234 MBoe of estimated proved undeveloped reserves will require an estimated $1.1 billion of development capital over the next five years. Development of these reserves may take longer and require higher levels of capital expenditures than we currently anticipate. The future development of our proved undeveloped reserves is dependent on future commodity prices, costs and economic assumptions that align with our internal forecast, as well as access to liquidity sources, such as the capital markets, our revolving credit facility and derivative contracts. Delays in the development of our reserves, increases in costs to drill and develop such reserves, or decreases in commodity prices will reduce the PV-10 value of our estimated proved undeveloped reserves and future net revenues estimated for such reserves and may result in some projects becoming uneconomic. In addition, delays in the development of reserves could cause us to have to reclassify our proved undeveloped reserves as unproved reserves.

We participate in oil and gas leases with third parties who may not be able to fulfill their commitments to our projects.

        We own less than 100% of the working interest in the oil and gas leases on which we conduct operations, and other parties will own the remaining portion of the working interest. Financial risks are inherent in any operation where the cost of drilling, equipping, completing and operating wells is shared by more than one person. We could be held liable for joint activity obligations of other working interest owners, such as nonpayment of costs and liabilities arising from the actions of other working interest owners. In addition, declines in oil, natural gas and NGL prices may increase the likelihood that some of these working interest owners, particularly those that are smaller and less established, are not able to fulfill their joint activity obligations. A partner may be unable or unwilling to pay its share of project costs, and, in some cases, a partner may declare bankruptcy. In the event any of our project partners do not pay their share of such costs, we would likely have to pay those costs, and we may be unsuccessful in any efforts to recover these costs from our partners, which could materially adversely affect our financial position.

We own non-operating interests in properties developed and operated by third parties, and as a result, we are unable to control the operation and profitability of such properties.

        We participate in the drilling and completion of wells with third-party operators that exercise exclusive control over such operations. As a participant, we rely on the third-party operators to successfully operate these properties pursuant to joint operating agreements and other similar contractual arrangements.

        As a participant in these operations, we may not be able to maximize the value associated with these properties in the manner we believe appropriate, or at all. For example, we cannot control the success of drilling and development activities on properties operated by third parties, which depend on a number of factors under the control of a third-party operator, including such operator's determinations with respect to, among other things, the nature and timing of drilling and operational activities, the timing and amount of capital expenditures and the selection of suitable technology. In addition, the third-party operator's operational expertise and financial resources and its ability to gain the approval of other participants in drilling wells will impact the timing and potential success of drilling and development activities in a manner that we are unable to control. A third-party operator's failure to adequately perform operations, breach of the applicable agreements or failure to act in ways that are favorable to us could reduce our production and revenues, negatively impact our liquidity and

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cause us to spend capital in excess of our current plans, and have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

If commodity prices decrease to a level such that our future undiscounted cash flows from our properties are less than their carrying value for a significant period of time, we will be required to take write-downs of the carrying values of our properties.

        Accounting rules require that we periodically review the carrying value of our properties for possible impairment. Based on specific market factors and circumstances at the time of prospective impairment reviews, and the continuing evaluation of development plans, production data, economics and other factors, we may be required to write down the carrying value of our properties. A write down constitutes a non-cash charge to earnings. If market or other economic conditions deteriorate or if oil, natural gas and NGL prices continue to decline, we may incur impairment charges in 2016 or later periods, which may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

Unless we replace our reserves with new reserves and develop those reserves, our reserves and production will decline, which would adversely affect our future cash flows and results of operations.

        Producing oil and natural gas reservoirs generally are characterized by declining production rates that vary depending upon reservoir characteristics and other factors. Unless we conduct successful ongoing exploitation, development and exploration activities or continually acquire properties containing proved reserves, our proved reserves will decline as those reserves are produced. Our future reserves and production, and therefore our future cash flow and results of operations, are highly dependent on our success in efficiently developing and exploiting our current reserves and economically finding or acquiring additional recoverable reserves. We may not be able to develop, exploit, find or acquire sufficient additional reserves to replace our current and future production. If we are unable to replace our current and future production, the value of our reserves will decrease, and our business, financial condition and results of operations would be adversely affected.

Conservation measures and technological advances could reduce demand for oil, natural gas and NGL.

        Fuel conservation measures, alternative fuel requirements, increasing consumer demand for alternatives to oil, natural gas and NGL, technological advances in fuel economy and energy generation devices could reduce demand for oil, natural gas and NGL. The impact of the changing demand for oil and gas services and products may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

We depend upon several significant purchasers for the sale of most of our oil and natural gas production. The loss of one or more of these purchasers could, among other factors, limit our access to suitable markets for the oil, natural gas and NGL we produce.

        The availability of a ready market for any oil, natural gas and NGL we produce depends on numerous factors beyond the control of our management, including but not limited to the extent of domestic production and imports of oil, the proximity and capacity of pipelines, the availability of skilled labor, materials and equipment, the effect of state and federal regulation of oil and natural gas production and federal regulation of oil and gas sold in interstate commerce. In addition, we depend upon several significant purchasers for the sale of most of our oil and natural gas production. See "Business—Operations—Marketing and Customers." We cannot assure you that we will continue to have ready access to suitable markets for our future oil and natural gas production.

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The inability of one or more of our purchasers to meet their obligations may adversely affect our financial results.

        We have exposure to credit risk through receivables from purchasers of our oil, natural gas and NGL production. Three purchasers accounted for more than 10% of our revenues in the year ended December 31, 2014, and four purchasers accounted for more than 10% of our revenues during the year ended December 31, 2015. This concentration of purchasers may impact our overall credit risk in that these entities may be similarly affected by changes in economic conditions or commodity price fluctuations. We do not require our customers to post collateral. The inability or failure of our significant purchasers to meet their obligations to us or their insolvency or liquidation may materially adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

A substantial portion of our reserves is located in urban areas, which could increase our costs of development and delay production.

        A substantial portion of our reserves are located in urban portions of the Wattenberg Field, which could disproportionately expose us to operational and regulatory risk in that area. Much of our operations are within the city limits of various municipalities in northeastern Colorado. In such urban and other populated areas, we may incur additional expenses, including expenses relating to mitigation of noise, odor and light that may be emitted in our operations, expenses related to the appearance of our facilities and limitations regarding when and how we can operate. The process of obtaining permits for drilling or for gathering lines to move our production to market in such areas may be more time consuming and costly than in more rural areas. In addition, we may experience a higher rate of litigation or increased insurance and other costs related to our operations or facilities in such highly populated areas.

We may incur substantial losses and be subject to substantial liability claims as a result of our operations. Additionally, we may not be insured for, or our insurance may be inadequate to protect us against, these risks.

        We are not insured against all risks. Losses and liabilities arising from uninsured and underinsured events could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.

        Our exploration and production activities are subject to all of the operating risks associated with drilling for and producing oil and natural gas, including the risk of fire, explosions, blowouts, surface cratering, uncontrollable flows of natural gas, oil and formation water, pipe or pipeline failures, abnormally pressured formations, casing collapses and environmental hazards such as oil spills, natural gas leaks, ruptures or discharges of toxic gases.

        Any of these risks could adversely affect our ability to conduct operations or result in substantial loss to us as a result of claims for:

        We may elect not to obtain insurance for any or all of these risks if we believe that the cost of available insurance is excessive relative to the risks presented. Moreover, insurance may not be available in the future at commercially reasonable costs and on commercially reasonable terms. Also, pollution and environmental risks generally are not fully insurable. The occurrence of an event that is not covered or fully covered by insurance and any delay in the payment of insurance proceeds for covered events could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

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Properties that we decide to drill may not yield oil, natural gas or NGL in commercially viable quantities.

        Properties that we decide to drill that do not yield oil, natural gas or NGL in commercially viable quantities will adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition. There is no way to predict in advance of drilling and testing whether any particular prospect will yield oil or natural gas in sufficient quantities to recover drilling or completion costs or to be economically viable. The use of micro-seismic data and other technologies and the study of producing fields in the same area will not enable us to know conclusively prior to drilling whether oil or natural gas will be present or, if present, whether oil or natural gas will be present in commercial quantities. We cannot assure you that the analogies we draw from available data from other wells, more fully explored prospects or producing fields will be applicable to our drilling prospects. Further, our drilling operations may be curtailed, delayed or cancelled as a result of numerous factors, including:

We may be unable to make accretive acquisitions or successfully integrate acquired businesses or assets, and any inability to do so may disrupt our business and hinder our ability to grow.

        In the future we may make acquisitions of oil and gas properties or businesses that complement or expand our current business. The successful acquisition of oil and gas properties requires an assessment of several factors, including:

        The accuracy of these assessments is inherently uncertain and we may not be able to identify accretive acquisition opportunities. In connection with these assessments, we perform a review of the subject properties that we believe to be generally consistent with industry practices. Our review will not reveal all existing or potential problems nor will it permit us to become sufficiently familiar with the properties to assess fully their deficiencies and capabilities. Reviews may not always be performed on every well, and environmental problems, such as groundwater contamination, are not necessarily observable even when a review is performed. Even when problems are identified, the seller may be unwilling or unable to provide effective contractual protection against all or part of the problems. We often are not entitled to contractual indemnification for environmental liabilities and acquire properties on an "as is" basis. Even if we do identify accretive acquisition opportunities, we may not be able to complete the acquisition or do so on commercially acceptable terms.

        The success of any completed acquisition will depend on our ability to integrate effectively the acquired business into our existing operations. The process of integrating acquired businesses may involve unforeseen difficulties and may require a disproportionate amount of our managerial and

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financial resources. In addition, possible future acquisitions may be larger and for purchase prices significantly higher than those paid for earlier acquisitions. No assurance can be given that we will be able to identify additional suitable acquisition opportunities, negotiate acceptable terms, obtain financing for acquisitions on acceptable terms or successfully acquire identified targets. Our failure to achieve consolidation savings, to integrate the acquired businesses and assets into our existing operations successfully or to minimize any unforeseen operational difficulties could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

        In addition, our debt arrangements will impose certain limitations on our ability to enter into mergers or combination transactions. Our debt arrangements will also limit our ability to incur certain indebtedness, which could indirectly limit our ability to engage in acquisitions.

We may incur losses as a result of title defects in the properties in which we invest.

        It is our practice in acquiring oil and natural gas leases or interests not to incur the expense of retaining lawyers to examine the title to the mineral interest at the time of acquisition. Rather, we rely upon the judgment of lease brokers or land men who perform the fieldwork in examining records in the appropriate governmental office before attempting to acquire a lease in a specific mineral interest. The existence of a material title deficiency can render a lease worthless and can adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition. While we do typically obtain title opinions prior to commencing drilling operations on a lease or in a unit, the failure of title may not be discovered until after a well is drilled, in which case we may lose the lease and the right to produce all or a portion of the minerals under the property.

We are subject to stringent federal, state and local laws and regulations related to environmental and occupational health and safety issues that could adversely affect the cost, manner or feasibility of conducting our operations or expose us to significant liabilities.

        Our operations are subject to stringent federal, state and local laws and regulations governing occupational safety and health aspects of our operations, the discharge of materials into the environment and environmental protection. These laws and regulations may impose numerous obligations applicable to our operations including the acquisition of a permit before conducting drilling and other regulated activities; the restriction of types, quantities and concentration of materials that may be released into the environment; the limitation or prohibition of drilling activities on certain lands lying within wilderness, wetlands and other protected areas; the application of specific health and safety criteria addressing worker protection; and the imposition of substantial liabilities for pollution resulting from our operations. Numerous governmental authorities, such as the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ("EPA") and analogous state agencies have the power to enforce compliance with these laws and regulations and the permits issued under them. Such enforcement actions often involve taking difficult and costly compliance measures or corrective actions. Failure to comply with these laws and regulations may result in the assessment of sanctions, including administrative, civil or criminal penalties, the imposition of investigatory or remedial obligations, and the issuance of orders limiting or prohibiting some or all of our operations. In addition, we may experience delays in obtaining or be unable to obtain required permits, which may delay or interrupt our operations or specific projects and limit our growth and revenue.

        There is inherent risk of incurring significant environmental costs and liabilities in the performance of our operations due to our handling of petroleum hydrocarbons and other hazardous substances and wastes, as a result of air emissions and wastewater discharges related to our operations, and because of historical operations and waste disposal practices at our leased and owned properties. Spills or other releases of regulated substances, including such spills and releases that occur in the future, could expose us to material losses, expenditures and liabilities under applicable environmental laws and regulations. Under certain of such laws and regulations, we could be subject to strict, joint and several

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liability for the removal or remediation of previously released materials or property contamination, regardless of whether we were responsible for the release or contamination and even if our operations met previous standards in the industry at the time they were conducted. We may not be able to recover some or any of these costs from insurance. Changes in environmental laws and regulations occur frequently, and any changes that result in more stringent or costly well drilling, construction, completion or water management activities, air emissions control or waste handling, storage, transport, disposal or cleanup requirements could require us to make significant expenditures to attain and maintain compliance and may otherwise have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, competitive position or financial condition. For example, on October 1, 2015, the EPA issued a final rule under the Clean Air Act, lowering the National Ambient Air Quality Standard ("NAAQS") for ground-level ozone from the current standard of 75 parts per billion ("ppb") for the current 8-hour primary and secondary ozone standards to 70 ppb for both standards. States are expected to implement more stringent requirements as a result of this new final rule, which could apply to our operations. Compliance with this more stringent standard and other environmental regulations could delay or prohibit our ability to obtain permits for operations or require us to install additional pollution control equipment, the costs of which could be significant. See "Business—Regulation of Environmental and Occupational Safety and Health Matters" for a further description of the laws and regulations that affect us.

The unavailability or high cost of additional drilling rigs, equipment, supplies, personnel and oilfield services could adversely affect our ability to execute our exploration and development plans within our budget and on a timely basis.

        The demand for qualified and experienced field personnel to drill wells and conduct field operations, geologists, geophysicists, engineers and other professionals in the oil and natural gas industry can fluctuate significantly, often in correlation with oil, natural gas and NGL prices, causing periodic shortages. Historically, there have been shortages of drilling and workover rigs, pipe and other equipment as demand for rigs and equipment has increased along with the number of wells being drilled. We cannot predict whether these conditions will exist in the future and, if so, what their timing and duration will be. Such shortages could delay or cause us to incur significant expenditures that are not provided for in our capital budget, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Should we fail to comply with all applicable regulatory agency administered statutes, rules, regulations and orders, we could be subject to substantial penalties and fines.

        Under the Energy Policy Act of 2005 ("EPAct 2005"), the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (the "FERC") has civil penalty authority under the Natural Gas Act of 1938 ("NGA") to impose penalties for current violations of up to $1 million/d for each violation. The FERC may also impose administrative and criminal remedies and disgorgement of profits associated with any violation. While our operations have not been regulated by FERC as a natural gas company under the NGA, FERC has adopted regulations that may subject certain of our otherwise non-FERC jurisdictional facilities to FERC annual reporting requirements. We also must comply with the anti-market manipulation rules enforced by FERC. Additional rules and regulations pertaining to those and other matters may be considered or adopted by FERC from time to time. Additionally, the Federal Trade Commission ("FTC") has regulations intended to prohibit market manipulation in the petroleum industry with authority to fine violators of the regulations civil penalties of up to $1 million/d, and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission ("CFTC") prohibits market manipulation in the markets regulated by the CFTC, including similar anti-manipulation authority with respect to oil swaps and futures contracts as that granted to the CFTC with respect to oil purchases and sales. The CFTC rules subject violators to a civil penalty of up to the greater of $1 million or triple the monetary gain to the person for each

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violation. Failure to comply with those regulations in the future could subject us to civil penalty liability, as described in "Business—Regulation of the Oil and Gas Industry."

We may be involved in legal proceedings that could result in substantial liabilities.

        Like many oil and gas companies, we are from time to time involved in various legal and other proceedings, such as title, royalty or contractual disputes, regulatory compliance matters and personal injury or property damage matters, in the ordinary course of our business. Such legal proceedings are inherently uncertain and their results cannot be predicted. Regardless of the outcome, such proceedings could have an adverse impact on us because of legal costs, diversion of management and other personnel and other factors. In addition, it is possible that a resolution of one or more such proceedings could result in liability, penalties or sanctions, as well as judgments, consent decrees or orders requiring a change in our business practices, which could materially and adversely affect our business, operating results and financial condition. Accruals for such liability, penalties or sanctions may be insufficient. Judgments and estimates to determine accruals or range of losses related to legal and other proceedings could change from one period to the next, and such changes could be material.

Climate change laws and regulations restricting emissions of greenhouse gases could result in increased operating costs and reduced demand for the oil, natural gas and NGL that we produce while potential physical effects of climate change could disrupt our production and cause us to incur significant costs in preparing for or responding to those effects.

        In response to findings that emissions of carbon dioxide, methane and other greenhouse gases ("GHGs") present an endangerment to public health and the environment, the EPA has adopted regulations under existing provisions of the Clean Air Act that, among other things, establish Prevention of Significant Deterioration ("PSD") construction and Title V operating permit reviews for GHG emissions from certain large stationary sources that are already potential major sources of certain principal, or criteria, pollutant emissions. Facilities required to obtain PSD permits for their GHG emissions also will be required to meet "best available control technology" standards that typically will be established by state agencies. In addition, the EPA has adopted rules requiring the monitoring and annual reporting of GHG emissions from specified large GHG emission sources in the United States, including certain onshore oil and natural gas production sources, which include certain of our operations.

        While Congress has from time to time considered legislation to reduce emissions of GHGs, there has not been significant activity in the form of adopted legislation to reduce GHG emissions at the federal level in recent years. In the absence of such federal climate legislation, a number of state and regional efforts have emerged that are aimed at tracking and/or reducing GHG emissions by means of cap and trade programs that typically require major sources of GHG emissions to acquire and surrender emission allowances in return for emitting those GHGs. In addition, the United States is one of almost 200 nations that, in December 2015, agreed to an international climate change agreement in Paris, France ("Paris Agreement") that calls for countries to set their own GHG emissions targets and be transparent about the measures each country will use to achieve its GHG emissions targets. Although it is not possible at this time to predict how new laws or regulations in the United States or any legal requirements imposed following the United States' agreeing to the Paris Agreement that may be adopted or issued to address GHG emissions would impact our business, any such future laws, regulations or legal requirements imposing reporting or permitting obligations on, or limiting emissions of GHGs from, our equipment and operations could require us to incur costs to reduce emissions of GHGs associated with our operations as well as delays or restrictions in our ability to permit GHG emissions from new or modified sources. In addition, substantial limitations on GHG emissions could adversely affect demand for the oil, natural gas and NGL we produce. Finally, it should be noted that increasing concentrations of GHGs in the Earth's atmosphere may produce climate changes that have

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significant physical effects, such as increased frequency and severity of storms, floods and other climatic events; if any such effects were to occur, they could have an adverse effect on our exploration and production operations.

Federal, state and local legislative and regulatory initiatives relating to hydraulic fracturing as well as governmental reviews of such activities could result in increased costs and additional operating restrictions or delays in the completion of oil and natural gas wells and adversely affect our production.

        Hydraulic fracturing is an important and common practice that is used to stimulate production of natural gas and/or oil from dense subsurface rock formations. We regularly use hydraulic fracturing as part of our operations. Hydraulic fracturing involves the injection of water, sand or alternative proppant and chemicals under pressure into targeted geological formations to fracture the surrounding rock and stimulate production.

        Hydraulic fracturing is typically regulated by state oil and natural gas commissions. However, several federal agencies have asserted regulatory authority over certain aspects of the process. For example, the EPA has published final Clean Air Act ("CAA") regulations in 2012 and, more recently, in June 2016 governing performance standards, including standards for the capture of air emissions released during oil and natural gas hydraulic fracturing, leak detection, and permitting; published on June 28, 2016 an effluent limited guideline final rule prohibiting the discharge of wastewater from onshore unconventional oil and natural gas extraction facilities to publicly owned wastewater treatment plants; and issued in 2014 a prepublication of its Advance Notice of Proposed Rulemaking regarding Toxic Substances Control Act reporting of the chemical substances and mixtures used in hydraulic fracturing. Also, the federal Bureau of Land Management ("BLM") published a final rule in March 2015, establishing stringent standards relating to hydraulic fracturing on federal and American Indian lands, including well casing and wastewater storage requirements and an obligation for exploration and production operators to disclose what chemicals they are using in fracturing activities; however, on June 21, 2016, a Wyoming federal judge struck down this final rule, finding that the BLM lacked congressional authority to promulgate the rule. Also, from time to time, legislation has been introduced, but not enacted, in Congress to provide for federal regulation of hydraulic fracturing and to require disclosure of the chemicals used in the fracturing process. In the event that a new, federal level of legal restrictions relating to the hydraulic-fracturing process is adopted in areas where we operate, we may incur additional costs to comply with such federal requirements that may be significant in nature, and also could become subject to additional permitting requirements and experience added delays or curtailment in the pursuit of exploration, development, or production activities.

        Several governmental reviews are underway that focus on environmental aspects of hydraulic fracturing activities. The White House Council on Environmental Quality is coordinating an administration-wide review of hydraulic fracturing practices. Also, the EPA released its draft report on the potential impacts of hydraulic fracturing on drinking water resources in June 2015, which report concluded that hydraulic fracturing activities have not led to widespread, systemic impacts on drinking water sources in the United States, although there are above and below ground mechanisms by which hydraulic fracturing activities have the potential to impact drinking water sources. However, in January 2016, the EPA's Science Advisory Board provided its comments on the draft study, indicating its concern that EPA's conclusion of no widespread, systemic impacts on drinking water sources arising from fracturing activities did not reflect the uncertainties and data limitations associated with such impacts, as described in the body of the draft report. The final version of this EPA report remains pending and is expected to be completed in 2016. These existing or any future studies, depending on their degree of pursuit and any meaningful results obtained, could spur efforts to further regulate hydraulic fracturing.

        At the state level, Colorado, where we conduct operations, is among the states that has adopted, and other states are considering adopting, regulations that impose new or more stringent permitting,

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disclosure or well-construction requirements on hydraulic fracturing operations. In addition to state laws, local land use restrictions may restrict drilling in general and/or hydraulic fracturing in particular. For example, several cities in Colorado passed temporary or permanent moratoria on hydraulic fracturing within their respective cities' limits in 2012-2013 but, since that time, in response to lawsuits brought by an industry trade group, the Colorado Oil and Gas Association, local district courts struck down the ordinances for certain of those Colorado cities in 2014, primarily on the basis that state law preempts local bans on hydraulic fracturing. The cities of Fort Collins and Longmont, among those cities whose ordinances were struck down in 2014, appealed their decisions to the Colorado Supreme Court, but on May 2, 2016, the state supreme court upheld the lower court rulings in those two cases, holding that a five-year moratorium on hydraulic fracturing adopted by Fort Collins and a ban on fracturing adopted by Longmont were pre-empted by state law and, therefore, unenforceable. Another suit brought by the Colorado trade group against one other city, Broomfield, who had adopted a moratorium on fracturing, has been on hold pending the outcome of the Colorado Supreme Court ruling in the Fort Collins and Longmont cases. Notwithstanding attempts at the local level to prohibit hydraulic fracturing, there exists the opportunity for cities to adopt local ordinances allowing hydraulic fracturing activities within their jurisdictions but regulating the time, place and manner of those activities.

        In addition, certain interest groups in Colorado opposed to oil and natural gas development generally, and hydraulic fracturing in particular, have from time to time advanced various options for ballot initiatives aimed at significantly limiting or preventing oil and natural gas development. In response to such initiatives, the Governor of Colorado created a Task Force on State and Local Regulation of Oil and Gas Operations ("Task Force") in September 2014 to make recommendations to the state legislature regarding the responsible development of Colorado's oil and gas resources. In February 2015, the Task Force made nine non-binding recommendations to the Governor that will require legislative or regulatory action to be implemented. Among other things, the recommendations received from the Task Force would require pursuit of state rulemaking targeting increased collaborative efforts between oil and natural gas operators and local governments regarding large-scale oil and natural gas facilities in defined "urban mitigation areas"; operator registration with local government designees and possible advance notice of future oil and natural gas drilling and production facility locations that would be integrated into the local comprehensive planning process; development of enhanced local governmental designee roles and functions to more effectively serve as liaisons between industry, residents and local officials; increased staffing levels at the state environmental and oil and natural gas agencies; establishing an oil and natural gas information clearinghouse; establishing a working group to investigate ways to reduce oil and natural gas vehicular traffic on roadways; pursuit of state air emissions rules including methane emissions capture rules; and establishing a compliance assistance program to assist oil and natural gas operators in complying with applicable rules. On January 25, 2016, two of the recommendations, regarding the collaboration of local governments, the COGCC and oil and natural gas operators in the siting of large scale oil and natural gas facilities in defined urban mitigation areas and long-term planning for including future oil and natural gas development in local comprehensive planning processes, were approved by the COGCC as new rules. It is possible that the COGCC could elect to pursue one or more of the remaining Task Force recommendations or the Colorado state legislature could seek to adopt new policies or legislation relating to oil and natural gas operations, including measures that would give local governments in Colorado greater authority to limit hydraulic fracturing and other oil and natural gas operations or require greater distances between well sites and occupied structures. In addition, it is possible that notwithstanding the recommendations made by the Task Force, certain interest groups in Colorado or even members of the Colorado state legislature may seek to pursue ballot initiatives in the future, perhaps as early as November 2016 and/or legislation that may or may not coincide with the Task Force's recommendations, including, among other things, pursuit of initiatives or legislation for changes in state law that would allow local governments to ban hydraulic fracturing in Colorado.

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        In the event that ballot initiatives or local or state restrictions or prohibitions are adopted in areas where we conduct operations, including the Wattenberg Field in Colorado, that impose more stringent limitations on the production and development of oil and natural gas, we may incur significant costs to comply with such requirements or may experience delays or curtailment in the pursuit of exploration, development, or production activities, and possibly be limited or precluded in the drilling of wells or in the amounts that we are ultimately able to produce from our reserves. Any such increased costs, delays, cessations, restrictions or prohibitions could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, results of operations, financial condition, and liquidity.

        Please read "Business—Regulation of Environmental and Occupational Safety and Health Matters" for a further description of the laws and regulations that affect us.

Ballot initiatives that would impose more stringent restrictions for new oil and natural gas wells and related facilities may serve to limit future oil and natural gas exploration and production activities and could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial position and business.

        Proponents of legal requirements imposing more stringent restrictions on oil and gas exploration and production activities in Colorado have sought to include on the November 2016 ballot certain ballot initiatives that, if approved, would allow revisions to the state constitution in a manner that would make such exploration and production activities in the state more difficult in the future. Among the ballot initiatives pursued in 2016 are ballot initiative Number 75 ("Initiative 75"), which seeks to authorize local governmental control over oil and natural gas development in Colorado that could result in the imposition of more stringent requirements than currently implemented under state law, and ballot initiative Number 78 ("Initiative 78"), which proposes a much more stringent 2,500-foot mandatory setback between an oil and natural gas development facility (including oil and natural gas wells, production and processing equipment and pits) and specified occupied structures and areas of special concern. Changes sought under these ballot initiatives would be applied to new oil and gas development facilities in Colorado. Proponents of these measures collected signatures for placing Initiatives 75 and 78 on the November 2016 ballot and submitted those signatures to the Colorado Secretary of State by the August 8, 2016 deadline. However, on August 29, 2016, the Secretary of State announced that the proponents had failed to gather enough valid signatures to put Initiatives 75 and 78 on the November 2016 ballot. Supporters of Initiatives 75 and 78 have 30 days to appeal the decision in state court. Notwithstanding the Colorado Secretary of State's announcement on August 29, 2016, in the event that ballot initiatives or local or state restrictions or prohibitions are adopted in the future in areas where we conduct operations that impose more stringent limitations on the production and development of oil and natural gas, we may incur significant costs to comply with such requirements or may experience delays or curtailment in the pursuit of exploration, development, or production activities, and possibly be limited or precluded in the drilling of wells or in the amounts that we are ultimately able to produce from our reserves.

Recently announced rules regulating methane emissions from oil and natural gas operations could cause us to incur increased capital expenditures and operating costs or delays in production of oil and natural gas, which could have a material adverse effect on our business.

        On June 3, 2016, the EPA published final rules establishing new air emission controls for methane emissions from certain new, modified or reconstructed equipment and processes in the oil and natural gas source category, including production, processing, transmission and storage activities, as part of an overall effort to reduce methane emissions in the oil and natural gas source category by up to 45% from 2012 levels by the year 2025. The EPA's final rules include New Source Performance Standards ("NSPS") to limit methane emissions from equipment and processes across the oil and natural gas source category. The rules also extend limitations on volatile organic compound ("VOC") emissions to sources that were unregulated under the previous NSPS at Subpart OOOO. Affected methane and

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VOC sources include hydraulically fractured (or re-fractured) oil and natural gas well completions, fugitive emissions from well sites and compressors, and pneumatic pumps. The new methane and VOC standards require the implementation of the best system of emission reduction to achieve these emission reductions, mirroring the existing VOC standards under Subpart OOOO. These rules could require a number of modifications to our operations, including the installation of new equipment to control methane and VOC emissions from certain hydraulic fracturing wells, which could result in significant costs, including increased capital expenditures and operating costs, and could adversely impact or delay oil and natural gas production activities, which could have a material adverse effect on our business.

Competition in the oil and natural gas industry is intense, making it more difficult for us to acquire properties and market oil or natural gas.

        Our ability to acquire additional prospects and to find and develop reserves in the future will depend on our ability to evaluate and select suitable properties and to consummate transactions in a highly competitive environment for acquiring properties, marketing oil and natural gas and securing trained personnel. Also, there is substantial competition for capital available for investment in the oil and natural gas industry. We may not be able to compete successfully in the future in acquiring prospective reserves, developing reserves, marketing hydrocarbons, and raising additional capital, which could have a material adverse effect on our business.

Our undeveloped acreage must be drilled before lease expiration to hold the acreage by production. In highly competitive markets for acreage, failure to drill sufficient wells to hold acreage could result in a substantial lease renewal cost or, if renewal is not feasible, loss of our lease and prospective drilling opportunities.

        Unless production is established within the spacing units covering the undeveloped acres on which some of our drilling locations are identified, our leases for such acreage will expire. The cost to renew such leases may increase significantly, and we may not be able to renew such leases on commercially reasonable terms or at all. As such, our actual drilling activities may differ materially from our current expectations, which could adversely affect our business. These risks are greater at times and in areas where the pace of our exploration and development activity slows.

Declining general economic, business or industry conditions may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, liquidity and financial condition.

        Concerns over global economic conditions, energy costs, geopolitical issues, inflation, the availability and cost of credit and the United States financial market have contributed to increased economic uncertainty and diminished expectations for the global economy. In addition, continued hostilities in the Middle East and the occurrence or threat of terrorist attacks in the United States or other countries could adversely affect the global economy. These factors, combined with volatile commodity prices, declining business and consumer confidence and increased unemployment, have precipitated an economic slowdown and a recession. Concerns about global economic growth have had a significant adverse impact on global financial markets and commodity prices. If the economic climate in the United States or abroad deteriorates, worldwide demand for petroleum products could diminish, which could impact the price at which we can sell our production, affect the ability of our vendors, suppliers and customers to continue operations and ultimately adversely impact our results of operations, liquidity and financial condition.

The loss of senior management or technical personnel could adversely affect operations.

        We depend on the services of our senior management and technical personnel. We do not maintain, nor do we plan to obtain, any insurance against the loss of any of these individuals. The loss

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of the services of our senior management or technical personnel could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We are susceptible to the potential difficulties associated with rapid growth and expansion and have a limited operating history.

        We have grown rapidly since we began operations in late 2012. Our management believes that our future success depends on our ability to manage the rapid growth that we have experienced and the demands from increased responsibility on management personnel. The following factors could present difficulties:

        Our operating results could be adversely affected if we do not successfully manage these potential difficulties. The historical financial information incorporated herein is not necessarily indicative of the results that may be realized in the future. In addition, our operating history is limited and the results from our current producing wells are not necessarily indicative of success from our future drilling operations.

Increases in interest rates could adversely affect our business.

        Our business and operating results can be harmed by factors such as the availability, terms and cost of capital, increases in interest rates or a reduction in credit rating. These changes could cause our cost of doing business to increase, limit our ability to pursue acquisition opportunities, reduce cash flow used for drilling and place us at a competitive disadvantage. Potential disruptions and volatility in the global financial markets may lead to a contraction in credit availability impacting our ability to finance our operations. We require continued access to capital. A significant reduction in cash flows from operations or the availability of credit could materially and adversely affect our ability to achieve our planned growth and operating results.

Our use of 2-D and 3-D seismic data is subject to interpretation and may not accurately identify the presence of oil and natural gas, which could adversely affect the results of our drilling operations.

        Even when properly used and interpreted, 2-D and 3-D seismic data and visualization techniques are only tools used to assist geoscientists in identifying subsurface structures and hydrocarbon indicators and do not enable the interpreter to know whether hydrocarbons are, in fact, present in those structures. In addition, the use of 3-D seismic and other advanced technologies requires greater predrilling expenditures than traditional drilling strategies, and we could incur losses as a result of such expenditures. As a result, our drilling activities may not be successful or economical.

Adverse weather conditions may negatively affect our operating results and our ability to conduct drilling activities.

        Adverse weather conditions may cause, among other things, increases in the costs of, and delays in, drilling or completing new wells, power failures, temporary shut-in of production and difficulties in the transportation of our oil, natural gas and NGL. Any decreases in production due to poor weather conditions will have an adverse effect on our revenues, which will in turn negatively affect our cash flow from operations.

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Our operations are substantially dependent on the availability of water. Restrictions on our ability to obtain water may have an adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

        Water is an essential component of deep shale oil and natural gas production during both the drilling and hydraulic fracturing processes. Historically, we have been able to purchase water from local land owners for use in our operations. Drought conditions have led governmental authorities to restrict the use of water subject to their jurisdiction for hydraulic fracturing to protect local water supplies. If we are unable to obtain water to use in our operations from local sources, we may be unable to produce oil, natural gas and NGL economically, which could have an adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Restrictions on drilling activities intended to protect certain species of wildlife may adversely affect our ability to conduct drilling activities areas where we operate.

        Oil and natural gas operations in our operating areas may be adversely affected by seasonal or permanent restrictions on drilling activities designed to protect various wildlife. Seasonal restrictions may limit our ability to operate in protected areas and can intensify competition for drilling rigs, oilfield equipment, services, supplies and qualified personnel, which may lead to periodic shortages when drilling is allowed. These constraints and the resulting shortages or high costs could delay our operations or materially increase our operating and capital costs. Permanent restrictions imposed to protect endangered species could prohibit drilling in certain areas or require the implementation of expensive mitigation measures. The designation of previously unprotected species in areas where we operate as threatened or endangered could cause us to incur increased costs arising from species protection measures or could result in limitations on our exploration and production activities that could have a material adverse impact on our ability to develop and produce our reserves.

The enactment of derivatives legislation could have an adverse effect on our ability to use derivative instruments to reduce the effect of commodity price, interest rate and other risks associated with our business.

        The Dodd-Frank Act, enacted on July 21, 2010, established federal oversight and regulation of the over-the-counter derivatives market and of entities, such as us, that participate in that market. The Dodd-Frank Act requires the CFTC and the SEC to promulgate rules and regulations implementing the Dodd-Frank Act. In its rulemaking under the Dodd-Frank Act, in November 2013, the CFTC proposed new rules that would place limits on positions in certain core futures and equivalent swaps contracts for or linked to certain physical commodities, subject to exceptions for certain bona fide hedging transactions. As these new position limit rules are not yet final, the impact of those provisions on us is uncertain at this time. The Dodd-Frank Act and CFTC rules also will require us, in connection with certain derivatives activities, to comply with clearing and trade-execution requirements (or to take steps to qualify for an exemption to such requirements). In addition, the CFTC and certain banking regulators have recently adopted final rules establishing minimum margin requirements for uncleared swaps. Although we expect to qualify for the end-user exception to the mandatory clearing, trade-execution and margin requirements for swaps entered to hedge our commercial risks, the application of such requirements to other market participants, such as swap dealers, may change the cost and availability of the swaps that we use for hedging. In addition, if any of our swaps do not qualify for the commercial end-user exception, posting of collateral could impact liquidity and reduce cash available to us for capital expenditures, therefore reducing our ability to execute hedges to reduce risk and protect cash flow. It is not possible at this time to predict with certainty the full effects of the Dodd-Frank Act and CFTC rules on us or the timing of such effects. The Dodd-Frank Act and any new regulations could significantly increase the cost of derivative contracts, materially alter the terms of derivative contracts, reduce the availability of derivatives to protect against risks we encounter, and reduce our ability to monetize or restructure our existing derivative contracts. If we reduce our use of derivatives as a result of the Dodd-Frank Act and CFTC rules, our results of operations may become more volatile

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and our cash flows may be less predictable, which could adversely affect our ability to plan for and fund capital expenditures. Finally, the Dodd-Frank Act was intended, in part, to reduce the volatility of oil, natural gas and NGL prices, which some legislators attributed to speculative trading in derivatives and commodity instruments related to oil, natural gas and NGL. Our revenues could therefore be adversely affected if a consequence of the Dodd-Frank Act and CFTC rules is to lower commodity prices. Any of these consequences could have a material and adverse effect on us, our financial condition or our results of operations. In addition, the European Union and other non-U.S. jurisdictions are implementing regulations with respect to the derivatives market. To the extent we transact with counterparties in foreign jurisdictions, we may become subject to such regulations, the impact of which is not clear at this time.

Certain federal income tax deductions currently available with respect to natural gas and oil exploration and development may be eliminated, and additional state taxes on natural gas extraction may be imposed, as a result of future legislation.

        The Fiscal Year 2017 Budget proposed by the President recommends the elimination of certain key U.S. federal income tax incentives currently available to oil and gas exploration and production companies, and legislation has been introduced in Congress in prior years that would implement many of these proposals. Such changes include, but are not limited to, (i) the repeal of the percentage depletion allowance for oil and gas properties; (ii) the elimination of current deductions for intangible drilling and development costs; (iii) the elimination of the deduction for certain U.S. production activities for oil and gas production; and (iv) an extension of the amortization period for certain geological and geophysical expenditures. It is unclear, however, whether any such changes will be enacted or how soon such changes could be effective. The passage of this legislation or any other similar change in U.S. federal income tax law, as well as any similar changes in state law, could eliminate or postpone certain tax deductions that are currently available with respect to natural gas and oil exploration and development, and any such change could negatively affect our financial condition and results of operations.

        Moreover, the President has proposed to impose an "oil fee" of $10.25 on a per barrel equivalent of crude oil. This fee would be collected on domestically produced and imported petroleum products. The fee would be phased in evenly over five years, beginning October 1, 2016. The adoption of this, or similar proposals, could result in increased operating costs and/or reduced consumer demand for petroleum products, which in turn could affect the prices we receive for our oil.

We may not be able to keep pace with technological developments in our industry.

        The oil and natural gas industry is characterized by rapid and significant technological advancements and introductions of new products and services using new technologies. As others use or develop new technologies, we may be placed at a competitive disadvantage or may be forced by competitive pressures to implement those new technologies at substantial costs. In addition, other oil and natural gas companies may have greater financial, technical and personnel resources that allow them to enjoy technological advantages and that may in the future allow them to implement new technologies before we can. We may not be able to respond to these competitive pressures or implement new technologies on a timely basis or at an acceptable cost. If one or more of the technologies we use now or in the future were to become obsolete, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

Our business could be negatively affected by security threats, including cybersecurity threats, and other disruptions.

        As an oil and natural gas producer, we face various security threats, including cybersecurity threats to gain unauthorized access to sensitive information or to render data or systems unusable; threats to

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the security of our facilities and infrastructure or third party facilities and infrastructure, such as processing plants and pipelines; and threats from terrorist acts. The potential for such security threats has subjected our operations to increased risks that could have a material adverse effect on our business. In particular, our implementation of various procedures and controls to monitor and mitigate security threats and to increase security for our information, facilities and infrastructure may result in increased capital and operating costs. Moreover, there can be no assurance that such procedures and controls will be sufficient to prevent security breaches from occurring. If any of these security breaches were to occur, they could lead to losses of sensitive information, critical infrastructure or capabilities essential to our operations and could have a material adverse effect on our reputation, financial position, results of operations or cash flows. Cybersecurity attacks in particular are becoming more sophisticated and include, but are not limited to, malicious software, attempts to gain unauthorized access to data and systems, and other electronic security breaches that could lead to disruptions in critical systems, unauthorized release of confidential or otherwise protected information, and corruption of data. These events could lead to financial losses from remedial actions, loss of business or potential liability.

Loss of our information and computer systems could adversely affect our business.

        We are dependent on our information systems and computer-based programs, including our well operations information, seismic data, electronic data processing and accounting data. If any of such programs or systems were to fail or create erroneous information in our hardware or software network infrastructure, possible consequences include our loss of communication links, inability to find, produce, process and sell oil and natural gas and inability to automatically process commercial transactions or engage in similar automated or computerized business activities. Any such consequence could have a material adverse effect on our business.

Risks Related to the Offering and our Common Stock

The requirements of being a public company, including compliance with the reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), and the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, may strain our resources, increase our costs and distract management, and we may be unable to comply with these requirements in a timely or cost-effective manner.

        As a public company, we will need to comply with new laws, regulations and requirements, certain corporate governance provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, related regulations of the SEC and the requirements of the NASDAQ, with which we are not required to comply as a private company. Complying with these statutes, regulations and requirements will occupy a significant amount of time of our board of directors and management and will significantly increase our costs and expenses. We will need to:

        Furthermore, while we generally must comply with Section 404 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act for our fiscal year ending December 31, 2017, we are not required to have our independent registered public accounting firm attest to the effectiveness of our internal controls until our first annual report subsequent to our ceasing to be an "emerging growth company" within the meaning of Section 2(a)(19)

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of the Securities Act. Accordingly, we may not be required to have our independent registered public accounting firm attest to the effectiveness of our internal controls until as late as our annual report for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2022. Once it is required to do so, our independent registered public accounting firm may issue a report that is adverse in the event it is not satisfied with the level at which our controls are documented, designed, operated or reviewed.

        Any failure to develop or maintain effective internal controls, or difficulties encountered in implementing or improving our internal controls, could harm our operating results or cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations. Moreover, if we are not able to comply with the requirements of Section 404 in a timely manner, or if in the future we or our independent registered public accounting firm identifies deficiencies in our internal controls over financial reporting that are deemed to be material weaknesses, the market price of our stock could decline, and we could be subject to sanctions or investigations by the SEC or other regulatory authorities, which would require additional financial and management resources.

        In addition, we expect that being a public company subject to these rules and regulations may make it more difficult and more expensive for us to obtain director and officer liability insurance and we may be required to accept reduced policy limits and coverage or incur substantially higher costs to obtain the same or similar coverage. As a result, it may be more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified individuals to serve on our board of directors or as executive officers. We are currently evaluating these rules, and we cannot predict or estimate the amount of additional costs we may incur or the timing of such costs.

If we fail to develop or maintain an effective system of internal controls, we may not be able to accurately report our financial results or prevent fraud. If one or more material weaknesses emerge related to financial reporting, or if we otherwise fail to establish and maintain effective internal control over financial reporting, our ability to accurately report our financial results could be adversely affected. As a result, current and potential stockholders could lose confidence in our financial reporting, which would harm our business and the trading price of our common stock.

        Effective internal controls are necessary for us to provide reliable financial reports, prevent fraud and operate successfully as a public company. If we cannot provide reliable financial reports or prevent fraud, our reputation and operating results would be harmed. We cannot be certain that our efforts to develop and maintain our internal controls will be successful, that we will be able to maintain adequate controls over our financial processes and reporting in the future or that we will be able to comply with our obligations under Section 404 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002. Any failure to develop or maintain effective internal controls, or difficulties encountered in implementing or improving our internal controls, could harm our operating results or cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations. Ineffective internal controls could also cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information, which would likely have a negative effect on the trading price of our common stock.

The initial public offering price of our common stock may not be indicative of the market price of our common stock after this offering. In addition, an active, liquid and orderly trading market for our common stock may not develop or be maintained, and our stock price may be volatile.

        Prior to this offering, our common stock was not traded on any market. An active, liquid and orderly trading market for our common stock may not develop or be maintained after this offering. Active, liquid and orderly trading markets usually result in less price volatility and more efficiency in carrying out investors' purchase and sale orders. The market price of our common stock could vary significantly as a result of a number of factors, some of which are beyond our control. In the event of a drop in the market price of our common stock, you could lose a substantial part or all of your investment in our common stock. The initial public offering price was determined by negotiations between us and representatives of the underwriters, based on numerous factors which we discuss in

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"Underwriting," and may not be indicative of the market price of our common stock after this offering. Consequently, you may not be able to sell shares of our common stock at prices equal to or greater than the price paid by you in this offering.

        The following factors could affect our stock price:

        The stock markets in general have experienced extreme volatility that has often been unrelated to the operating performance of particular companies. These broad market fluctuations may adversely affect the trading price of our common stock. Securities class action litigation has often been instituted against companies following periods of volatility in the overall market and in the market price of a company's securities. Such litigation, if instituted against us, could result in very substantial costs, divert our management's attention and resources and harm our business, operating results and financial condition.

Yorktown's funds will collectively hold a substantial portion of the voting power of our common stock.

        Immediately following the completion of this offering, Yorktown's funds will collectively hold approximately      % of our common stock. See "Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management" for more information regarding ownership of our common stock by the Yorktown funds. The existence of affiliated stockholders with significant aggregate holdings that may act as a group may have the effect of deterring hostile takeovers, delaying or preventing changes in control or changes in management, or limiting the ability of our other stockholders to approve transactions that they may deem to be in the best interests of our company. Moreover, this concentration of stock ownership may adversely affect the trading price of our common stock to the extent investors perceive a disadvantage

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in owning stock of a company with affiliated stockholders with significant aggregate holdings that may act as a group.

Conflicts of interest could arise in the future between us, on the one hand, and Yorktown and its affiliates, including its funds and their respective portfolio companies, on the other hand, concerning among other things, potential competitive business activities or business opportunities.

        Yorktown's funds are in the business of making investments in entities in the U.S. energy industry. As a result, Yorktown's funds may, from time to time, acquire interests in businesses that directly or indirectly compete with our business, as well as businesses that are significant existing or potential customers. Yorktown's funds and their respective portfolio companies may acquire or seek to acquire assets that we seek to acquire and, as a result, those acquisition opportunities may not be available to us or may be more expensive for us to pursue. Under our certificate of incorporation, Yorktown's funds and/or one or more of their respective affiliates are permitted to engage in business activities or invest in or acquire businesses which may compete with our business or do business with any client of ours. Any actual or perceived conflicts of interest with respect to the foregoing could have an adverse impact on the trading price of our common stock.

Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws, as well as Delaware law, contain provisions that could discourage acquisition bids or merger proposals, which may adversely affect the market price of our common stock.

        Our certificate of incorporation authorizes our board of directors to issue preferred stock without stockholder approval. If our board of directors elects to issue preferred stock in addition to the Series A Preferred Stock, it could be more difficult for a third party to acquire us. In addition, some provisions of our certificate of incorporation and bylaws could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire control of us, even if the change of control would be beneficial to our stockholders, including:

Investors in this offering will experience immediate and substantial dilution of $             per share.

        Based on an assumed initial public offering price of $            per share (the midpoint of the range set forth on the cover of this prospectus), purchasers of our common stock in this offering will experience an immediate and substantial dilution of $            per share in the as adjusted net tangible book value per share of common stock from the initial public offering price, and our as adjusted net tangible book value as of June 30, 2016 on a pro forma basis would be $            per share. This dilution is due in large part to earlier investors having paid substantially less than the initial public offering price when they purchased their shares. Please see "Dilution."

We do not intend to pay dividends on our common stock, and our debt arrangements place certain restrictions on our ability to do so. Consequently, it is possible that your only opportunity to achieve a return on your investment will be if the price of our common stock appreciates.

        We do not plan to declare dividends on shares of our common stock in the foreseeable future. Additionally, our debt arrangements will restrict our ability to pay cash dividends. Consequently, it is possible that your only opportunity to achieve a return on your investment in us will be if you sell your

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common stock at a price greater than you paid for it. There is no guarantee that the price of our common stock that will prevail in the market will ever exceed the price that you pay in this offering.

Future sales of our common stock in the public market could reduce our stock price, and any additional capital raised by us through the sale of equity or convertible securities may dilute your ownership in us.

        We may sell additional shares of common stock in subsequent public offerings. We may also issue additional shares of common stock or convertible securities. After the completion of this offering, we will have            outstanding shares of common stock. This number includes            shares that we may sell in this offering if the underwriters' option to purchase additional shares is fully exercised, which may be resold immediately in the public market. Following the completion of this offering, assuming no exercise of the underwriters' option to purchase additional shares, Yorktown's funds will collectively own            shares of our common stock, or approximately       % of our total outstanding shares, all of which are restricted from immediate resale under the federal securities laws and are subject to the lock-up agreements with the underwriters described in "Underwriting," but may be sold into the market in the future. Yorktown's funds and certain of our other existing stockholders, including the Series A Preferred Holders, will be party to registration rights agreements with us which will require us to effect the registration of their shares (and shares of certain of their affiliates) in certain circumstances no earlier than the Lock-Up Period End Date. Please see "Shares Eligible for Future Sale" and "Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions—Agreements Governing the Transaction—Existing Owners Registration Rights Agreement" and "Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions—Agreements Governing the Transaction—Series A Preferred Registration Rights Agreement."

        In connection with this offering, we intend to file a registration statement with the SEC on Form S-8 providing for the registration of            shares of our common stock issued or reserved for issuance under our equity incentive plan. Subject to the satisfaction of vesting conditions, the expiration of lock-up agreements and the requirements of Rule 144, shares registered under the registration statement on Form S-8 will be available for resale immediately in the public market without restriction.

        We cannot predict the size of future issuances of our common stock or securities convertible into common stock or the effect, if any, that future issuances and sales of shares of our common stock will have on the market price of our common stock. Sales of substantial amounts of our common stock (including shares issued in connection with an acquisition), or the perception that such sales could occur, may adversely affect prevailing market prices of our common stock.

The underwriters of this offering may waive or release parties to the lock-up agreements entered into in connection with this offering, which could adversely affect the price of our common stock.

        We and all of our directors and executive officers and certain of our stockholders have entered into lock-up agreements with respect to their common stock, pursuant to which we and they are subject to certain resale restrictions for a period of 180 days following the effectiveness date of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part. Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC, Barclays Capital Inc. and Goldman, Sachs & Co., at any time and without notice, may release all or any portion of the common stock subject to the foregoing lock-up agreements. If the restrictions under the lock-up agreements are waived, then common stock will be available for sale into the public markets, which could cause the market price of our common stock to decline and impair our ability to raise capital.

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For as long as we are an emerging growth company, we will not be required to comply with certain reporting requirements, including those relating to accounting standards and disclosure about our executive compensation, that apply to other public companies.

        We are classified as an "emerging growth company" under the JOBS Act. For as long as we are an emerging growth company, which may be up to five full fiscal years, unlike other public companies, we will not be required to, among other things, (1) provide an auditor's attestation report on management's assessment of the effectiveness of our system of internal control over financial reporting pursuant to Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, (2) comply with any new requirements adopted by the PCAOB requiring mandatory audit firm rotation or a supplement to the auditor's report in which the auditor would be required to provide additional information about the audit and the financial statements of the issuer, (3) provide certain disclosure regarding executive compensation required of larger public companies or (4) hold nonbinding advisory votes on executive compensation. We will remain an emerging growth company for up to five years, although we will lose that status sooner if we have more than $1.0 billion of revenues in a fiscal year, have more than $700 million in market value of our common stock held by non-affiliates, or issue more than $1.0 billion of non-convertible debt over a three-year period.

        To the extent that we rely on any of the exemptions available to emerging growth companies, you will receive less information about our executive compensation and internal control over financial reporting than issuers that are not emerging growth companies. If some investors find our common stock to be less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for our common stock and our stock price may be more volatile.

We may issue additional preferred stock whose terms could adversely affect the voting power or value of our common stock.

        Our certificate of incorporation authorizes us to issue, without the approval of our stockholders, one or more classes or series of preferred stock having such designations, preferences, limitations and relative rights, including preferences over our common stock respecting dividends and distributions, as our board of directors may determine. The terms of one or more classes or series of preferred stock, including the Series A Preferred Stock, could adversely impact the voting power or value of our common stock. For example, we might grant holders of preferred stock the right to elect some number of our directors in all events or on the happening of specified events or the right to veto specified transactions. Similarly, the repurchase or redemption rights or liquidation preferences we might assign to holders of preferred stock could affect the residual value of the common stock.

If securities or industry analysts do not publish research or reports about our business, if they adversely change their recommendations regarding our common stock or if our operating results do not meet their expectations, our stock price could decline.

        The trading market for our common stock will be influenced by the research and reports that industry or securities analysts publish about us or our business. If one or more of these analysts cease coverage of our company or fail to publish reports on us regularly, we could lose visibility in the financial markets, which in turn could cause our stock price or trading volume to decline. Moreover, if one or more of the analysts who cover our company downgrades our common stock or if our operating results do not meet their expectations, our stock price could decline.

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Our certificate of incorporation will designate the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware as the sole and exclusive forum for certain types of actions and proceedings that may be initiated by our stockholders, which could limit our stockholders' ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers, employees or agents.

        Our certificate of incorporation will provide that unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware will, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, be the sole and exclusive forum for (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf, (ii) any action asserting a claim for a breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any of our directors, officers, employees or agents to us or our stockholders, (iii) any action asserting a claim arising pursuant to any provision of the Delaware General Corporation Law (the "DGCL"), our certificate of incorporation or our bylaws, or (iv) any action asserting a claim against us that is governed by the internal affairs doctrine, in each such case subject to such Court of Chancery having personal jurisdiction over the indispensable parties named as defendants therein. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in shares of our capital stock will be deemed to have notice of, and consented to, the provisions of our certificate of incorporation described in the preceding sentence. This choice of forum provision may limit a stockholder's ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with us or our directors, officers, employees or agents, which may discourage such lawsuits against us and such persons. Alternatively, if a court were to find these provisions of our certificate of incorporation inapplicable to, or unenforceable in respect of, one or more of the specified types of actions or proceedings, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such matters in other jurisdictions, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.

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CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

        The information discussed in this prospectus includes "forward-looking statements." All statements, other than statements of historical facts, included herein concerning, among other things, planned capital expenditures, increases in oil and gas production, the number of anticipated wells to be drilled or completed after the date hereof, future cash flows and borrowings, pursuit of potential acquisition opportunities, our financial position, business strategy and other plans and objectives for future operations, are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are identified by their use of terms and phrases such as "may," "expect," "estimate," "project," "plan," "believe," "intend," "achievable," "anticipate," "will," "continue," "potential," "should," "could," and similar terms and phrases. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in these forward-looking statements are reasonable, they do involve certain assumptions, risks and uncertainties. Our results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors, including, among others:

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        Reserve engineering is a process of estimating underground accumulations of oil and natural gas that cannot be measured in an exact way. The accuracy of any reserve estimate depends on the quality of available data, the interpretation of such data and price and cost assumptions made by reserve engineers. In addition, the results of drilling, testing and production activities may justify revisions of estimates that were made previously. If significant, such revisions would change the schedule of any further production and development drilling. Accordingly, reserve estimates may differ significantly from the quantities of oil and natural gas that are ultimately recovered.

        All forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements in this section and elsewhere in this prospectus. Except as required by law, we do not assume a duty to update these forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, subsequent events or circumstances, changes in expectations or otherwise.

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USE OF PROCEEDS

        Assuming the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover of the prospectus, we expect to receive approximately $             million of net proceeds from this offering, or $             million if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase                                    additional shares in full, in each case, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.

        We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering to (i) redeem in full the Series A Preferred Units, (ii) pay a portion of the purchase price for the Bayswater Acquisition and (iii) repay borrowings under our revolving credit facility. The remaining net proceeds will be used for general corporate purposes, including to fund our 2016 and 2017 capital expenditures. The following table illustrates our anticipated use of the net proceeds from this offering:

Sources of Funds
   
 
Use of Funds
   
 
(In millions)
 

Net proceeds from this offering

  $               

Redemption of Series A Preferred Units

  $               

       

Bayswater Acquisition

       

       

Repayment of our revolving credit facility

                  

       

General corporate purposes, including to fund our 2016 and 2017 capital expenditures

                  

Total sources of funds

  $               

Total uses of funds

  $               

        Amounts repaid under our revolving credit facility may be re-borrowed from time to time, subject to the terms of the facility, and we intend to do so in the future to fund our capital program. The revolving credit facility will mature November 29, 2018. As of June 30, 2016, we had $235.0 million in borrowings outstanding under our revolving credit facility, which bore an interest rate of 3.0%. Borrowings under the revolving credit facility were incurred to fund the development and exploration of our oil and gas properties.

        A $1.00 increase or decrease in the assumed initial public offering price of $            per share (the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover of this prospectus) would cause the net proceeds from this offering, after deducting the underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses, received by us to increase or decrease, respectively, by approximately $             million, assuming the number of shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus remains the same. If the proceeds increase for any reason, we would use the additional net proceeds for general corporate purposes, including to fund a portion of our development program. If the proceeds decrease for any reason, then we would first reduce by a corresponding amount the net proceeds directed for general corporate purposes and then reduce the amount of net proceeds directed to repay borrowings under our revolving credit facility.

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DIVIDEND POLICY

        We do not anticipate declaring or paying any cash dividends to holders of our common stock in the foreseeable future. We currently intend to retain future earnings, if any, to finance the growth of our business. Our future dividend policy is within the discretion of our board of directors and will depend upon then-existing conditions, including our results of operations, financial condition, capital requirements, investment opportunities, statutory restrictions on our ability to pay dividends and other factors our board of directors may deem relevant. Additionally, our debt arrangements will place certain restrictions on our ability to pay cash dividends.

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CAPITALIZATION

        The following table sets forth our cash and cash equivalents and capitalization as of June 30, 2016:

        The information set forth in the table below is illustrative only and will be adjusted based on the actual initial public offering price and other final terms of this offering. This table should be read in conjunction with, and is qualified in its entirety by reference to, "Use of Proceeds," "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and our financial statements and related notes appearing elsewhere in this prospectus.

 
  As of June 30, 2016  
 
  Actual   As Adjusted   As Further
Adjusted(5)
 
 
  (in thousands)
 

Cash and cash equivalents

  $ 103,670   $     $    

Debt obligations:

                   

Revolving credit facility(1)(2)

  $ 235,000   $     $    

Second lien notes(1)(3)

    414,895          

7.875% Senior Notes due 2021(4)

        537,533     537,533  

Series A Preferred Units

               

Total debt obligations

    649,895              

Series A Preferred Stock

   
   
       

Equity

   
 
   
 
   
 
 

Member's equity

    868,762              

Series B Preferred Units

               

Common stock—$0.01 par value; no shares authorized, issued or outstanding (actual and as adjusted) ;            shares authorized and            shares issued and outstanding (as further adjusted)

               

Additional paid-in capital

               

Accumulated deficit

    (170,368 )            

Total Equity

    698,394              

Total capitalization

  $ 1,348,289   $     $    

(1)
Our revolving credit facility and our second lien notes and the related interest expense, debt issuance costs, debt discount costs and the amortization expense on the debt issuance and debt discount costs are reflected in our financial statements. Please refer to Note 4—Long-Term Debt to our unaudited financial statements for the six months ended June 30, 2016 for further information.

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(2)
As of September 14, 2016, the borrowing base under our revolving credit facility was $350.0 million, the outstanding balance totaled $154.0 million and the outstanding letters of credit totaled $0.6 million.

(3)
Net of unamortized debt discount and debt issuance costs.

(4)
$550.0 million principal amount, net of approximately $12.5 million of estimated expenses associated with the debt issuance costs incurred as a result of the 2016 Notes Offering.

(5)
A $1.00 increase or decrease in the assumed public offering price of $            per share (the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover of the prospectus) would increase or decrease, respectively, additional paid-in capital, total stockholders' equity and total capitalization by approximately $             million, assuming that the number of shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same and after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and estimated offering expenses payable by us. We may also increase or decrease the number of shares we are offering. Each increase or decrease of one million shares we are offering would increase or decrease, respectively, additional paid-in capital, total stockholders' equity and total capitalization by approximately $             million, after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and estimated offering expenses payable by us, assuming the assumed public offering price stays the same.

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DILUTION

        Purchasers of the common stock in this offering will experience immediate and substantial dilution in the net tangible book value per share of the common stock for accounting purposes. Our net tangible book value as of June 30, 2016, after giving effect to the transactions described under "Prospectus Summary—Corporate Reorganization," was $             million, or $            per share. Pro forma net tangible book value per share is determined by dividing our pro forma tangible net worth (tangible assets less total liabilities) by the total number of outstanding shares of common stock that will be outstanding immediately prior to the closing of this offering after giving effect to our corporate reorganization. Assuming an initial public offering price of $            per share (which is the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus), after giving effect to the sale of the shares in this offering and further assuming the receipt of the estimated net proceeds (after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses), our adjusted pro forma net tangible book value as of June 30, 2016 would have been approximately $             million, or $            per share. This represents an immediate increase in the net tangible book value of $            per share to our existing stockholders and an immediate dilution (i.e., the difference between the offering price and the adjusted pro forma net tangible book value after this offering) to new investors purchasing shares in this offering of $            per share. The following table illustrates the per share dilution to new investors purchasing shares in this offering:

Initial public offering price per share

        $    

Pro forma net tangible book value per share as of June 30, 2016

  $          

Increase per share attributable to new investors in this offering

             

As adjusted pro forma net tangible book value per share after giving further effect to this offering

             

Dilution in pro forma net tangible book value per share to new investors in this offering

        $    

        A $1.00 increase (decrease) in the assumed initial public offering price of $            per share, which is the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, would increase (decrease) our as adjusted pro forma net tangible book value per share after the offering by $            and increase (decrease) the dilution to new investors in this offering by $            per share, assuming the number of shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same, after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. The following table summarizes, on an adjusted pro forma basis as of June 30, 2016, the total number of shares of common stock owned by existing stockholders and to be owned by new investors, the total consideration paid, and the average price per share paid by our existing stockholders and to be paid by new investors in this offering at our initial public offering price of $            per share, calculated before deduction of estimated underwriting discounts and commissions:

 
   
   
  Total Consideration    
 
 
  Shares Acquired    
 
 
  Amount
(in thousands)
   
  Average
Price Per
Share
 
 
  Number   Percent   Percent  

Existing owners

            % $                % $           

New investors in this offering

                               

Total

            % $                % $           

        The above tables and discussion are based on the number of shares of our common stock to be outstanding as of the closing of this offering. The table does not reflect                         shares of common stock reserved for issuance under our LTIP, which we plan to adopt in connection with this offering. If the underwriters' option to purchase additional shares is exercised in full, the number of shares held by new investors will be increased to                        , or approximately        % of the total number of shares of common stock.

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SELECTED HISTORICAL AND PRO FORMA FINANCIAL DATA

        The selected historical financial data as of and for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 and the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 were derived from the unaudited and audited historical financial statements, respectively, of our Predecessor, included elsewhere in this prospectus. The selected unaudited pro forma statement of operations data of our Predecessor for the year ended December 31, 2015 have been prepared to give pro forma effect to (i) the Financing Transactions, (ii) the Bayswater Acquisition and the March 2015 Acquisition as described under "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Factors Affecting the Comparability of Our Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Oil and Gas Property Acquisitions," (iii) the transactions described under "—Corporate Reorganization" and (iv) this offering and the application of the net proceeds from this offering, as if each such transaction had been completed as of January 1, 2015. The selected unaudited pro forma statement of operations data of our Predecessor for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and the year ended December 31, 2015 and the pro forma balance sheet data of our Predecessor as of June 30, 2016 have been prepared to give pro forma effect to (i) the Financing Transactions, (ii) the Bayswater Acquisition, (iii) the transactions described under "—Corporate Reorganization" and (iv) this offering and the application of the net proceeds from this offering, as if each such transaction had been completed on January 1, 2015 for purposes of the statement of operations data and June 30, 2016 for purposes of the balance sheet data. The selected unaudited pro forma financial data of our Predecessor is presented for informational purposes only and should not be considered indicative of actual results of operations that would have been achieved had these transactions been consummated on the dates indicated and do not purport to be indicative of statements of financial position or results of operations as of any future date or for any future periods.

        You should read the following selected data in conjunction with "Use of Proceeds," "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and the historical and pro forma financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. Among other things, those historical and pro forma financial statements of our Predecessor include more detailed information regarding the basis of presentation for the following information. The historical financial results of our Predecessor are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for any future periods.

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  Predecessor    
   
 
 
  Pro Forma  
 
  Six Months Ended
June 30,
  Year Ended
December 31,
 
 
  Six Months
Ended
June 30,
2016
   
 
 
  Year Ended
December 31,
2015
 
 
  2016   2015   2015   2014  
 
  (unaudited)
   
   
  (unaudited)
 
 
  (in thousands, except per unit/common share data)
 

Statements of Operations Data:

                                     

Revenues:

                                     

Oil sales

  $ 84,135   $ 77,464   $ 157,024   $ 75,460   $     $    

Natural gas sales

    14,937     10,234     26,019     9,247              

NGL sales

    11,424     5,084     14,707     8,133              

Total revenues

    110,496     92,782     197,750     92,840              

Operating Expenses:

                                     

Lease operating expenses

    25,339     11,312     30,628     5,067              

Production taxes

    10,748     7,924     17,035     9,743              

Exploration expenses

    8,752     4,852     18,636     126              

Depletion, depreciation, amortization and accretion

    94,638     59,290     146,547     34,042              

Impairment of long lived assets

    22,884     9,525     15,778                  

Other operating expenses

    891     1,657     2,353                  

Acquisition transaction expenses

        6,000     6,000                  

General and administrative expenses

    15,114     16,870     37,149     19,598              

Total operating expenses

    178,366     117,430     274,126     68,576              

Operating Income (Loss)

    (67,870 )   (24,648 )   (76,376 )   24,264              

Other Income (Expense):

                                     

Commodity derivative gain (loss)

    (78,650 )   (8,407 )   79,932     48,008              

Interest expense

    (26,698 )   (23,668 )   (51,030 )   (22,454 )            

Other income

    84     13     210     24              

Total other income (expense)

    (105,264 )   (32,062 )   29,112     25,578              

Income (loss) before income taxes

    (173,134 )   (56,710 )   (47,264 )   49,842              

Income tax expense (benefit)

                             

Net Income (Loss)

  $ (173,134 ) $ (56,710 ) $ (47,264 ) $ 49,842   $     $    

Net Income (Loss) per Unit/Common Share:

                                     

Basic

  $ (0.53 ) $ (0.22 ) $ (0.17 ) $ 0.28   $     $    

Diluted

  $ (0.53 ) $ (0.22 ) $ (0.17 ) $ 0.26   $     $    

Weighted Average Units/Common Shares Outstanding:

                                     

Basic

    323,967     260,209     277,322     180,429              

Diluted

    323,967     260,209     277,322     189,938              

Statements of Cash Flows Data:

                                     

Cash provided by (used in):

                                     

Operating activities

  $ 41,178   $ 61,958   $ 166,683   $ 77,390              

Investing activities

    (160,080 )   (320,036 )   (520,006 )   (970,640 )            

Financing activities

    125,466     200,780     371,404     972,090              

Balance Sheets Data (at period end):

                                     

Cash and cash equivalents

  $ 103,670         $ 97,106   $ 79,025   $          

Total assets

    1,593,786           1,634,140     1,201,069              

Total liabilities

    895,392           879,908     655,881              

Total member's equity

    698,394           754,232     545,188              

Other Financial Data:

                                     

Adjusted EBITDAX(1)

  $ 89,807   $ 87,025   $ 176,120   $ 66,892   $          

(1)
Adjusted EBITDAX is a non-GAAP financial measure. For a definition of Adjusted EBITDAX and a reconciliation to our most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP, please read "Prospectus Summary—Summary Historical and Pro Forma Financial and Operating Data—Non-GAAP Financial Measures."

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MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

         The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the "Summary Historical and Pro Forma Financial and Operating Data" and the accompanying financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus. The following discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our future plans, estimates, beliefs and expected performance. The forward-looking statements are dependent upon events, risks and uncertainties that may be outside our control. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in these forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, market prices for oil, natural gas and NGL, production volumes, estimates of proved reserves, capital expenditures, economic and competitive conditions, regulatory changes and other uncertainties, as well as those factors discussed below and elsewhere in this prospectus, particularly in "Risk Factors" and "Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements," all of which are difficult to predict. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the forward-looking events discussed may not occur. We do not undertake any obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements except as otherwise required by applicable law.

Overview

        We are an independent oil and gas company focused on the acquisition, development and production of crude oil, natural gas and NGL reserves in the Rocky Mountain region of the United States, primarily in the Wattenberg Field of the DJ Basin of Colorado. We have developed an oil, natural gas and NGL asset base of proved reserves, as well as a portfolio of development drilling opportunities on high resource-potential leasehold on contiguous acreage blocks in the Wattenberg Field. We are focused on growing our proved reserves and production primarily through the development of our large inventory of identified liquids-rich horizontal drilling locations.

        Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC is a Delaware limited liability company that was formed on November 14, 2012, by PRE Resources, LLC ("PRL"). On May 29, 2014, PRL formed Holdings as a holding company with no independent operations. Concurrent with the formation of Holdings, PRL contributed all of its membership interests in Extraction to Holdings and distributed all of its interests in Holdings to its members in a pro rata distribution. As a result of these transactions, Extraction is now a wholly owned subsidiary of Holdings. In connection with this offering, Holdings will merge with and into Extraction and Extraction will be converted into a Delaware corporation. For more information, please see "Prospectus Summary—Corporate Reorganization."

Our Properties

        We have assembled, as of June 30, 2016, approximately 100,000 net acres of large, contiguous acreage blocks in some of the most productive areas of the Wattenberg Field as indicated by the results of our horizontal drilling program and the results of offset operators. Additionally, we hold approximately 124,000 net acres in the DJ Basin, which we refer to as our "Northern Extension Area," that we believe is prospective for many of the same formations as our properties in the Wattenberg Field. As of December 31, 2015, there were de minimis proved reserves associated with this acreage. We operated 95% of our horizontal production for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and as of December 31, 2015, our total estimated proved reserves were approximately 158.6 MMBoe, of which approximately 19% were classified as proved developed reserves. For more information about our properties, please read "Business—Our Properties."

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How We Evaluate Our Operations

        We use a variety of financial and operational metrics to assess the performance of our oil and gas operations, including:

Sources of Our Revenues

        Our revenues are derived from the sale of our oil and natural gas production, as well as the sale of NGL that are extracted from our natural gas during processing. Our oil, natural gas and NGL revenues do not include the effects of derivatives. For the six months ended June 30, 2016, our revenues were derived 76% from oil sales, 14% from natural gas sales and 10% from NGL sales. For the year ended December 31, 2015, our revenues were derived 79% from oil sales, 13% from natural gas sales and 8% from NGL sales. For the year ended December 31, 2014, our revenues were derived 81% from oil sales, 10% from natural gas sales and 9% from NGL sales. Our revenues may vary significantly from period to period as a result of changes in volumes of production sold or changes in commodity prices.

Sales Volumes

        The following table presents historical sales volumes for our properties for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 and for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014.

 
  For the Six
Months Ended
June 30,
  For the Years Ended
December 31,
 
 
  2016   2015   2015   2014  

Oil (MBbls)

    2,518.0     1,777.5     3,945.6     1,022.2  

Natural gas (MMcf)

    8,060.7     4,471.9     10,823.0     2,664.1  

NGL (MBbls)

    904.6     488.3     1,334.6     325.3  

Total (MBoe)

    4,766.1     3,011.1     7,084.0     1,791.5  

Average net sales (BOE/d)

    26,187.4     16,636.0     19,408.3     4,908.3  

        Sales volumes directly impact our results of operations. For more information about our sales volumes, please read "—Historical Results of Operations and Operating Expenses."

        As reservoir pressures decline, production from a given well or formation decreases. Growth in our future production and reserves will depend on our ability to continue to add proved reserves in excess of our production. Accordingly, we plan to maintain our focus on adding reserves through organic drill-bit growth as well as acquisitions. Our ability to add reserves through development projects and acquisitions is dependent on many factors, including takeaway capacity in our areas of operation and our ability to raise capital, obtain regulatory approvals, procure contract drilling rigs and personnel and successfully identify and consummate acquisitions. Please read "Risk Factors—Risks Related to the Oil, Natural Gas and NGL Industry and Our Business" for a discussion of these and other risks affecting our proved reserves and production.

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Realized Prices on the Sale of Oil, Natural Gas and NGL

        Our results of operations depend upon many factors, particularly the price of oil, natural gas and NGL and our ability to market our production effectively. Oil, natural gas and NGL prices are among the most volatile of all commodity prices. For example, during the period from January 1, 2014 to August 15, 2016, NYMEX West Texas Intermediate oil prices ranged from a high of $107.26 per Bbl to a low of $26.21 per Bbl. Average daily prices for NYMEX Henry Hub gas ranged from a high of $6.15 per MMBtu to a low of $1.64 per MMBtu during the same period. Declines in, and continued depression of, the price of oil and natural gas occurring during 2015 and continuing during 2016 are due to a combination of factors including increased U.S. supply, global economic concerns and a decision by OPEC not to reduce supply. These price variations can have a material impact on our financial results and capital expenditures.

        Oil pricing is predominately driven by the physical market, supply and demand, financial markets and national and international politics. The NYMEX WTI futures price is a widely used benchmark in the pricing of domestic and imported oil in the United States. The actual prices realized from the sale of oil differ from the quoted NYMEX WTI price as a result of quality and location differentials. In the Wattenberg Field, oil is sold under various purchase contracts with monthly pricing provisions based on NYMEX pricing, adjusted for differentials.

        Natural gas prices vary by region and locality, depending upon the distance to markets, availability of pipeline capacity and supply and demand relationships in that region or locality. The NYMEX Henry Hub price of natural gas is a widely used benchmark for the pricing of natural gas in the United States. Similar to oil, the actual prices realized from the sale of natural gas differ from the quoted NYMEX Henry Hub price as a result of quality and location differentials. For example, wet natural gas with a high Btu content sells at a premium to low Btu content dry natural gas because it yields a greater quantity of NGL. Location differentials to NYMEX Henry Hub prices result from variances in transportation costs based on the natural gas' proximity to the major consuming markets to which it is ultimately delivered. Also affecting the differential is the processing fee deduction retained by the natural gas processing plant generally in the form of percentage of proceeds. The price we receive for our natural gas produced in the Wattenberg Field is based on CIG prices, adjusted for certain deductions.

        Our price for NGL produced in the Wattenberg Field is based on a combination of prices from the Conway hub in Kansas and Mont Belvieu in Texas where this production is marketed.

        The following table provides the high and low prices for NYMEX WTI and NYMEX Henry Hub prompt month contract prices and our differential to the average of those benchmark prices for the periods indicated. In the table below, the NYMEX averages and our average realized prices, with and without derivative settlements, are calculated based on the average of each month's prices for the

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periods indicated. The differential varies, but our oil, natural gas and NGL normally sells at a discount to the NYMEX WTI and NYMEX Henry Hub price, as applicable.

 
  Six Months
Ended June 30,
  Year Ended
December 31,
 
 
  2016   2015   2015   2014  

Oil

                         

NYMEX WTI High ($/Bbl)

  $ 51.23   $ 61.43   $ 61.43   $ 107.26  

NYMEX WTI Low ($/Bbl)

  $ 26.21   $ 43.46   $ 34.73   $ 53.27  

NYMEX WTI Average ($/Bbl)

  $ 39.52   $ 53.29   $ 48.80   $ 93.00  

Average Realized Price ($/Bbl)

  $ 33.72   $ 42.96   $ 39.85   $ 81.48  

Average Realized Price, with derivative settlements ($/Bbl)

  $ 41.62   $ 58.31   $ 53.97   $ 83.59  

Averaged Realized Price as a % of Average NYMEX WTI

    85.3 %   80.6 %   81.7 %   87.6 %

Differential ($/Bbl) to Average NYMEX WTI

  $ (5.80 ) $ (10.33 ) $ (8.94 ) $ (11.52 )

Natural Gas

                         

NYMEX Henry Hub High ($/MMBtu)

  $ 2.92   $ 3.23   $ 3.23   $ 6.15  

NYMEX Henry Hub Low ($/MMBtu)

  $ 1.64   $ 2.49   $ 1.76   $ 2.89  

NYMEX Henry Hub Average ($/MMBtu)

  $ 2.12   $ 2.77   $ 2.63   $ 4.28  

Average Realized Price ($/Mcf)

  $ 1.87   $ 2.35   $ 2.43   $ 4.11  

Average Realized Price, with derivative settlements ($/Mcf)

  $ 2.79   $ 2.68   $ 2.82   $ 4.11  

Averaged Realized Price as a % of Average NYMEX Henry Hub

    80.2 %   77.1 %   84.0 %   87.3 %

Differential ($/Mcf) to Average NYMEX Henry Hub(1)

  $ (0.46 ) $ (0.70 ) $ (0.46 ) $ (0.60 )

NGL

                         

Average Realized Price ($/Bbl)

  $ 12.50   $ 10.67   $ 11.02   $ 27.20  

Averaged Realized Price as a % of Average NYMEX WTI

    31.6 %   20.0 %   22.6 %   29.2 %

(1)
Based on the difference between our average realized price and the NYMEX Henry Hub Average as converted into Mcf.

Derivative Arrangements

        To achieve more predictable cash flow and to reduce our exposure to adverse fluctuations in commodity prices, from time to time we enter into derivative arrangements for our oil and natural gas production. By removing a significant portion of price volatility associated with our oil production, we believe we will mitigate, but not eliminate, the potential negative effects of reductions in oil prices on our cash flow from operations for those periods. However, in a portion of our current positions, our hedging activity may also reduce our ability to benefit from increases in oil and natural gas prices. We will sustain losses to the extent our derivatives contract prices are lower than market prices and, conversely, we will sustain gains to the extent our derivatives contract prices are higher than market prices. In certain circumstances, where we have unrealized gains in our derivative portfolio, we may choose to restructure existing derivative contracts or enter into new transactions to modify the terms of current contracts in order to realize the current value of our existing positions. See "—Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk—Commodity Price Risk" for information regarding our exposure to market risk, including the effects of changes in commodity prices, and our commodity derivative contracts.

        We will continue to use commodity derivative instruments to hedge our price risk in the future. Our hedging strategy and future hedging transactions will be determined at our discretion and may be different than what we have done on a historical basis. As a result of recent volatility in the price of oil and natural gas, we have relied on a variety of hedging strategies and instruments to hedge our future price risk. We have utilized swaps, put options, and call options, which in some instances require the payment of a premium, to reduce the effect of price changes on a portion of our future oil and natural

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gas production. We expect to continue to use a variety of hedging strategies and instruments for the foreseeable future.

        A swap has an established fixed price. When the settlement price is below the fixed price, the counterparty pays us an amount equal to the difference between the settlement price and the fixed price multiplied by the hedged contract volume. When the settlement price is above the fixed price, we pay our counterparty an amount equal to the difference between the settlement price and the fixed price multiplied by the hedged contract volume.

        A put option has an established floor price. The buyer of the put option pays the seller a premium to enter into the put option. When the settlement price is below the floor price, the seller pays the buyer an amount equal to the difference between the settlement price and the strike price multiplied by the hedged contract volume. When the settlement price is above the floor price, the put option expires worthless. Some of our purchased put options have deferred premiums. For the deferred premium puts, we agreed to pay a premium to the counterparty at the time of settlement.

        A call option has an established ceiling price. The buyer of the call option pays the seller a premium to enter into the call option. When the settlement price is above the ceiling price, the seller pays the buyer an amount equal to the difference between the settlement price and the strike price multiplied by the hedged contract volume. When the settlement price is below the ceiling price, the call option expires worthless.

        We combine swaps, purchased put options, sold put options, and sold call options in order to achieve various hedging strategies. Some examples of our hedging strategies are collars which include purchased put options and sold call options, three-way collars which include purchased put options, sold put options, and sold call options, and enhanced swaps, which include either sold put options or sold call options with the associated premiums rolled into an enhanced fixed price swap.

        We have historically relied on commodity derivative contracts to mitigate our exposure to lower commodity prices. We have historically been able to hedge our oil and natural gas production at prices that are significantly higher than current strip prices. However, in the current commodity price environment, our ability to enter into comparable derivative arrangements at favorable prices may be limited, and, following this offering, we will not be under an obligation to hedge a specific portion of our oil or natural gas production.

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        Our open positions as of June 30, 2016 were as follows:

 
  2016   2017   2018  

NYMEX WTI(1) Crude Swaps:

                   

Notional volume (Bbl)

    1,151,671     2,200,000      

Weighted average fixed price ($/Bbl)

  $ 39.09   $ 44.61        

NYMEX WTI(1) Crude Sold Calls:

                   

Notional volume (Bbl)

    929,000     3,600,000     100,000  

Weighted average fixed price ($/Bbl)

  $ 58.11   $ 53.60   $ 55.00  

NYMEX WTI(1) Crude Sold Puts:

                   

Notional volume (Bbl)

    1,300,000     4,050,000      

Weighted average fixed price ($/Bbl)

  $ 45.00   $ 36.44        

NYMEX WTI(1) Crude Deferred Premium Purchase Puts:

                   

Notional volume (Bbl)

    50,000          

Weighted average purchased put price ($/Bbl)

  $ 45.00              

Weighted average deferred premium ($/Bbl)

  $ (12.36 )            

NYMEX WTI(1) Crude Purchased Puts :

                   

Notional volume (Bbl)

    1,651,671     3,600,000      

Weighted average purchased put price ($/Bbl)

  $ 54.33   $ 46.28        

NYMEX WTI(1) Crude Purchased Calls:

                   

Notional volume (Bbl)

    82,000          

Weighted average purchased put price ($/Bbl)

  $ 69.50   $          

NYMEX HH(2) Natural Gas Swaps:

                   

Notional volume (MMBtu)

    6,776,006     18,220,000        

Weighted average fixed price ($/MMBtu)

  $ 3.11   $ 3.01        

CIG(3) Basis Gas Swaps:

                   

Notional volume (MMBtu)

    1,980,000     990,000      

Weighted average fixed price ($/MMBtu)

  $ (0.19 ) $ (0.19 )      

(1)
NYMEX WTI refers to West Texas Intermediate crude oil price on the New York Mercantile Exchange

(2)
NYMEX HH refers to the Henry Hub natural gas price on the New York Mercantile Exchange

(3)
CIG refers to the NYMEX HH settlement price less the fixed basis price, the Rocky Mountains (CIGC) Inside FERC settlement price.

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        The following table summarizes our historical derivative positions and the settlement amounts for each of the periods indicated.

 
  Six Months Ended
June 30,
2016
  Year Ended
December 31,
2015
  Year Ended
December 31,
2014
 

NYMEX HH(1) Natural Gas Swaps:

                   

Notional volume (MMBtu)

    6,418,594     6,444,552     761,766  

Weighted average fixed price ($/MMBtu)

  $ 3.16   $ 3.27   $ 3.92  

CIG(3) Basis Gas Swaps:

                   

Notional volume (MMBtu)

    990,000          

Weighted average fixed price ($/MMBtu)

  $ (0.19 ) $     $    

NYMEX WTI(2) Crude Swaps:

                   

Notional volume (Bbl)

    912,389     1,293,769     262,993  

Weighted average fixed price ($/Bbl)

  $ 45.17   $ 76.24   $ 94.65  

NYMEX WTI(2) Crude Sold Puts:

                   

Notional volume (Bbl)

    800,000          

Weighted average fixed price ($/Bbl)

  $ 44.81   $     $    

NYMEX WTI(2) Crude Purchased Puts:

                   

Notional volume (Bbl)

    2,697,479     1,943,588      

Weighted average purchased put price ($/Bbl)

  $ 51.57   $ 57.67   $    

NYMEX WTI(2) Crude Sold Calls:

                   

Notional volume (Bbl)

    1,457,090     1,943,588      

Weighted average fixed price ($/Bbl)

  $ 63.12   $ 67.21   $    

NYMEX WTI(2) Crude Purchased Calls:

                   

Notional volume (Bbl)

    134,000          

Weighted average fixed price ($/Bbl)

  $ 69.63   $     $    

Total Amounts Received/(Paid) from Settlement (in thousands)

  $ 33,160   $ 59,785   $ 3,974  

Cash provided by (used in) changes in Accounts Receivable and Accounts Payable related to Commodity Derivatives

  $ 9,024   $ (4,015 ) $ (2,250 )

Cash Settlements on Commodity Derivatives per Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

  $ 42,184   $ 55,770   $ 1,724  

(1)
NYMEX HH refers to the Henry Hub natural gas price on the New York Mercantile Exchange.

(2)
NYMEX WTI refers to West Texas Intermediate crude oil price on the New York Mercantile Exchange.

(3)
CIG refers to the NYMEX HH settlement price less the fixed basis price, the Rocky Mountains (CIGC) Inside FERC settlement price.

Principal Components of Our Cost Structure

        Lease Operating Expenses.     All direct and allocated indirect costs of lifting hydrocarbons from a producing formation to the surface constituting part of the current operating expenses of a working interest. Such costs include labor, superintendence, supplies, repairs, maintenance, allocated overhead charges, workover, insurance and other expenses incidental to production, but exclude lease acquisition or drilling or completion expenses. LOEs also include expenses incurred to gather and deliver natural gas to the processing plant and/or selling point.

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        Production Taxes.     Production taxes are paid on produced oil, natural gas and NGL based on a percentage of revenues from production sold at fixed rates established by state or local taxing authorities. In general, the production taxes we pay correlate to the changes in oil and natural gas revenues.

        Exploration Expenses.     Exploration expenses are comprised primarily of impairments and abandonment of unproved properties, geological and geophysical expenditures, the cost to carry and retain unproved properties and exploratory dry hole costs.

        Depletion, Depreciation, Amortization and Accretion.     We use the successful efforts method of accounting for oil and natural gas activities and, as such, we capitalize all costs associated with our acquisition and development efforts and all successful exploration efforts, which are then allocated to each unit of production using the unit of production method.

        Impairment of Long Lived Assets.     Impairment of long lived assets are comprised primarily of impairment of proved oil and gas properties. We review our proved properties for impairment whenever events and changes in circumstances indicate that a decline in the recoverability of their carrying value may have occurred. See "—Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates" for further discussion.

        Acquisition Transaction Expenses.     Acquisition transaction expenses consists of non-cash transaction costs associated with acquisitions accounted for using the acquisition method under ASC 805, Business Combinations .

        General and Administrative Expenses.     These are costs incurred for overhead, including payroll and benefits for our corporate staff, unit-based compensation expense, costs of maintaining our headquarters, costs of managing our production and development operations including numerous software applications, audit and other fees for professional services and legal compliance.

Factors Affecting the Comparability of Our Financial Condition and Results of Operations

        Our historical financial condition and results of operations for the periods presented may not be comparable, either from period to period or going forward, for the following reasons:

Oil and Gas Property Acquisitions

        The following is a summary of our significant acquisition activity that occurred during 2014, 2015 and 2016:

        May 2014 Acquisition.     On May 29, 2014, we acquired interests in approximately 6,200 net acres of leaseholds and related producing properties located primarily in Weld County, Colorado, along with various other related rights, permits, contracts, equipment and other assets (the "May 2014 Acquisition"). The May 2014 Acquisition included 22 producing wells and, at the time of acquisition, had net daily production of approximately 3,000 BOE/d.

        July 2014 Acquisition.     On July 28, 2014, we acquired interests in approximately 9,000 net acres of leaseholds and related producing properties located primarily in Weld County, Colorado, along with various other related rights, permits, contracts, equipment and other assets (the "July 2014 Acquisition"). The July 2014 Acquisition included 126 producing wells and, at the time of acquisition, had net daily production of 900 BOE/d.

        August 2014 Acquisition.     On August 21, 2014, we acquired interests in approximately 6,400 net acres of leaseholds and related producing properties located primarily in Weld County, Colorado, along with various other related rights, permits, contracts, equipment and other assets (the "August 2014

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Acquisition"). The August 2014 Acquisition included 94 producing wells and, at the time of acquisition, had net daily production of 2,600 BOE/d.

        October 2014 Acquisition.     On October 15, 2014, we acquired interests in approximately 9,178 net acres of leaseholds and related producing properties located primarily in Weld County, Colorado, along with various other related rights, permits, contracts, equipment and other assets (the "October 2014 Acquisition"). The October 2014 Acquisition included 29 producing wells and, at the time of acquisition, had net daily production of 232 BOE/d.

        March 2015 Acquisition.     On March 10, 2015, we acquired interests in approximately 39,000 net acres of leaseholds and related producing properties located primarily in Adams, Broomfield, Boulder and Weld Counties, Colorado, along with various related rights, permits, contracts, equipment and other assets (the "March 2015 Acquisition"). The March 2015 Acquisition included 444 producing wells and, at the time of acquisition, had net daily production of approximately 1,100 BOE/d.

        Bayswater Acquisition.     On July 29, 2016, we entered into a definitive agreement with subsidiaries of Bayswater Exploration & Production to acquire the Bayswater Assets for total consideration of $420 million in cash, subject to customary purchase price adjustments. The Bayswater Assets consist of working interests in approximately 6,100 net acres, and had a net daily production of approximately 10,000 net BOE/d during the month ended July 31, 2016. As of July 29, 2016, the Bayswater Assets included 36 gross (20 net) drilled but uncompleted wells. We expect the majority of these drilled but uncompleted wells to be brought online in the first half of 2017. We expect to close the Bayswater Acquisition contemporaneously with the closing of this offering.

Incentive Unit Compensation

        In 2015, we granted certain members of management incentive units pursuant to Holdings' 2014 Membership Unit Incentive Plan and its limited liability company agreement. These equity-based awards are subject to time-based vesting requirements, as well as accelerated vesting upon the occurrence of a change of control. It is expected that this offering will constitute a change in control for purposes of the incentive units. After members that have made capital contributions to us have received cumulative distributions in respect of their membership interests equal to specified rates of return, these incentive units may upon vesting entitle the holders to a disproportionate share of the distributions payable to holders of our membership interests. The incentive units are accounted for as liability awards under ASC 718, Compensation—Stock Compensation. At such time that the occurrence of the performance conditions associated with any of these incentive units, as further described under "Executive Compensation—Narrative Disclosure to Summary Compensation Table and Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End—Long-Term Incentive Compensation—Incentive Units (Profits Interests)," are deemed probable, we will record non-cash compensation expense equal to a percentage of the then-determined fair value of those awards based on the implied service period that has been rendered at that date. As long as we continue to view the achievement of the performance conditions as probable of occurring, we will remeasure the amount of compensation expense to be recognized each period until the awards are settled. No incentive compensation expense was recorded during the year ended December 31, 2015 or the six months ended June 30, 2016, because it was not probable that the performance criterion would be met. Any liquidity event would meet the performance criterion.

        As part of the transactions described under "Corporate Reorganization," Holdings will merge with and into us, and we will be the surviving entity to such merger, with the equity holders in Holdings, other than the holders of the Series B Preferred Units (which will be converted in connection with the closing of this offering into shares of Series A Preferred Stock), but including the holders of restricted units and incentive units, receiving an aggregate number of shares of our common stock based on an implied valuation for us based on the initial public offering price set forth on the cover page of this

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prospectus and the current relative levels of ownership in Holdings, pursuant to the terms of the limited liability company agreement of Holdings, with the allocation of such shares among our existing equity holders to be later determined, pursuant to the terms of the limited liability company agreement of Holdings, by reference to an implied valuation for us based on the 10-day volume weighted average price of our common stock following the closing of this offering. Please see "Corporate Reorganization—Existing Owners Ownership." As a result, as of the effective date of Holdings' merger with and into us, we will begin accounting for the incentive unit awards as equity-classified awards pursuant to ASC Topic 718. This will result in the recognition of $             million of compensation cost equal to the excess of the modified awards' fair value (based on the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus) over the amount of cumulative compensation cost recognized prior to that date.

Series A Preferred Stock

        In connection with the consummation of this offering, we will issue      shares of our Series A Preferred Stock to the holders of Holdings' Series B Preferred Units. The Series A Preferred Stock will be entitled to receive a cash dividend of 5.875% per year, payable quarterly in arrears, and we have the ability to pay such quarterly dividends in kind at a dividend rate of 10% (decreased proportionately to the extent such quarterly dividends are paid in cash). Beginning on or after the later of a) 90 days after the closing of this offering and b) the Lock-Up Period End Date, the Series A Preferred Stock will be convertible into shares of our common stock at the election of the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock at a conversion ratio per share of Series A Preferred Stock of        . Beginning on or after the Lock-Up Period End Date, we may elect to convert the Series A Preferred Stock at a conversion ratio per share of Series A Preferred Stock of            , but only if the closing price of our common stock trades at or above a certain premium to our initial offering price, such premium to decrease with time. In certain situations, including a change of control, the Series A Preferred Stock may be redeemed for cash in amount equal to the greater of (i) 135% of the liquidation preference of the Series A Preferred Stock and (ii) a 17.5% annualized internal rate of return on the liquidation preference of the Series A Preferred Stock. The Series A Preferred Stock mature on October 15, 2021, at which time they are mandatorily redeemable for cash at par. See "Description of Capital Stock—Preferred Stock—Series A Preferred."

Public Company Expenses

        General and administrative expenses related to being a publicly traded company include: Exchange Act reporting expenses; expenses associated with Sarbanes-Oxley compliance; expenses associated with listing on the NASDAQ; incremental independent auditor fees; incremental legal fees; investor relations expenses; registrar and transfer agent fees; incremental director and officer liability insurance costs; and director compensation. As a publicly traded company at the closing of this offering, we expect that general and administrative expenses will increase in future periods.

Income Taxes

        Prior to our conversion from a limited liability company into a corporation in connection with this offering, we were not subject to federal or state income taxes. Accordingly, the financial data attributable to us prior to such conversion contain no provision for federal or state income taxes because the tax liability with respect to our taxable income was passed through to our members. At the closing of this offering, we will be taxed as a C corporation under the Internal Revenue Code and subject to federal and state income taxes at a blended statutory rate of approximately 38% of pretax earnings.

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Historical Capital Expenditures and Capital Budget

        For the year ended December 31, 2015 and the six months ended June 30, 2016, our aggregate drilling, completion and leasehold capital expenditures were approximately $398.4 million and $137.8 million, respectively, excluding acquisitions. Our 2016 capital budget is approximately $365 million, substantially all of which we intend to allocate to the Wattenberg Field. We intend to allocate approximately $335 million of our 2016 capital budget to the drilling of 100 gross (90 net) wells and the completion of 92 gross (82 net) wells, approximately $5 million to midstream, and approximately $25 million to leaseholds. Our 2016 capital expenditures budget contemplates that we will drill approximately 77 gross (70 net) wells targeting proved undeveloped locations in 2016. Such wells are associated with 24,083 MBoe of net proved undeveloped reserves. As of August 15, 2016, 40 gross (36 net) of such wells have been spud. Our capital budget excludes any amounts that were or may be paid for potential acquisitions, including the Bayswater Acquisition.

        Our 2017 capital budget is approximately $590 million, substantially all of which we intend to allocate to the Wattenberg Field. We intend to allocate approximately $535 million of our 2017 capital budget to the drilling of 138 gross (102 net) operated wells and the completion of 120 gross (102 net) operated wells, approximately $2 million to midstream, and approximately $53 million to leaseholds. Our 2017 capital expenditures budget contemplates that we will drill approximately 98 gross (74 net) operated wells targeting proved undeveloped locations in 2017. Such wells are associated with 37,967 MBoe of net proved undeveloped reserves. In addition to the operated wells above, our capital budget includes estimated non-operated activity on our acreage consisting of the drilling of 69 gross (18 net) non-operated wells and the completion of 51 gross (15 net) non-operated wells. Our capital budget excludes any amounts that may be paid for potential acquisitions.

        The amount and timing of these capital expenditures is within our control and subject to our management's discretion. We retain the flexibility to defer a portion of these planned capital expenditures depending on a variety of factors, including but not limited to the success of our drilling activities, prevailing and anticipated prices for oil, natural gas and NGL, the availability of necessary equipment, infrastructure and capital, the receipt and timing of required regulatory permits and approvals, seasonal conditions, drilling and acquisition costs and the level of participation by other interest owners. Any postponement or elimination of our development drilling program could result in a reduction of proved reserve volumes and related standardized measure. These risks could materially affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

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Historical Results of Operations and Operating Expenses

Oil, Natural Gas and NGL Sales Revenues and Operating Expenses.

        The following table provides the components of our revenues, operating expenses, other income (expense) and net income (loss) for the periods indicated (in thousands):

 
  Six Months Ended
June 30,
  Year Ended
December 31,
 
 
  2016   2015   2015   2014  
 
  (unaudited)
   
   
 

Revenues:

                         

Oil sales

  $ 84,135   $ 77,464   $ 157,024   $ 75,460  

Natural gas sales

    14,937     10,234     26,019     9,247  

NGL sales

    11,424     5,084     14,707     8,133  

Total Revenues

    110,496     92,782     197,750     92,840  

Operating Expenses:

                         

Lease operating expenses

    25,339     11,312     30,628     5,067  

Production taxes

    10,748     7,924     17,035     9,743  

Exploration expenses

    8,752     4,852     18,636     126  

Depletion, depreciation, amortization, and accretion

    94,638     59,290     146,547     34,042  

Impairment of long lived assets                   

    22,884     9,525     15,778      

Other operating expenses

    891     1,657     2,353      

Acquisition transaction expenses                   

        6,000     6,000      

General and administrative expenses

    15,114     16,870     37,149     19,598  

Total Operating Expenses

    178,366     117,430     274,126     68,576  

Operating Income (Loss):

    (67,870 )   (24,648 )   (76,376 )   24,264  

Other Income (Expense):

                         

Commodity derivative gain (loss)          

    (78,650 )   (8,407 )   79,932     48,008  

Interest expense

    (26,698 )   (23,668 )   (51,030 )   (22,454 )

Other income

    84     13     210     24  

Total Other Income (Expense)

    (105,264 )   (32,062 )   29,112     25,578  

Net Income (Loss)

  $ (173,134 ) $ (56,710 ) $ (47,264 ) $ 49,842  

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        The following table provides a summary of our sales volumes, average prices and operating expenses on a per BOE basis for the periods indicated:

 
  Six Months Ended
June 30,
  Year Ended
December 31,
 
 
  2016   2015   2015   2014  
 
  (unaudited)
 

Sales (MBoe)(1):

    4,766.1     3,011.1     7,084.0     1,791.5  

Oil sales (MBbls)

    2,518.0     1,777.5     3,945.6     1,022.2  

Natural gas sales (MMcf)

    8,060.7     4,471.9     10,823.0     2,664.1  

NGL sales (MBbls)

    904.6     488.3     1,334.6     325.3  

Sales (BOE/d)(1):

    26,187     16,636     19,408     4,908  

Oil sales (Bbl/d)

    13,835     9,820     10,810     2,801  

Natural gas sales (Mcf/d)

    44,289     24,707     29,652     7,299  

NGL sales (Bbl/d)

    4,971     2,698     3,656     891  

Average sales prices(2):

                         

Oil sales (per Bbl)

  $ 33.41   $ 43.58   $ 39.80   $ 73.82  

Oil sales with derivative settlements (per Bbl)

  $ 41.51   $ 58.06   $ 53.29   $ 77.66  

Natural gas sales (per Mcf)

  $ 1.85   $ 2.29   $ 2.40   $ 3.47  

Natural gas sales with derivative settlements (per Mcf)

  $ 2.77   $ 2.63   $ 2.82   $ 3.49  

NGL sales (per Bbl)

  $ 12.63   $ 10.41   $ 11.02   $ 25.00  

Average price per BOE

  $ 23.18   $ 30.81   $ 27.92   $ 51.82  

Average price per BOE with derivative settlements

  $ 29.02   $ 39.87   $ 36.06   $ 54.04  

Expense per BOE:

                         

Lease operating expenses

  $ 5.32   $ 3.76   $ 4.32   $ 2.83  

Production taxes

  $ 2.26   $ 2.63   $ 2.40   $ 5.44  

Exploration expenses

  $ 1.84   $ 1.61   $ 2.63   $ 0.07  

Depletion, depreciation, amortization, and accretion                   

  $ 19.86   $ 19.69   $ 20.69   $ 19.00  

Impairment of long lived assets

  $ 4.80   $ 3.16   $ 2.23   $  

Other operating expenses

  $ 0.19   $ 0.55   $ 0.33   $  

Acquisition transaction expenses

  $   $ 1.99   $ 0.85   $  

General and administrative expenses

  $ 3.17   $ 5.60   $ 5.24   $ 10.94  

Unit-based compensation

  $ 0.55   $ 1.02   $ 0.84   $ 2.49  

Total operating expenses per BOE

  $ 37.42   $ 39.00   $ 38.69   $ 38.28  

(1)
One BOE is equal to six Mcf of natural gas or one Bbl of oil or NGL based on an approximate energy equivalency. This is an energy content correlation and does not reflect a value or price relationship between the commodities.

(2)
Average prices shown in the table reflect prices both before and after the effects of our settlements of our commodity derivative contracts. Our calculation of such effects includes both gains or losses on cash settlements for commodity derivatives and premiums paid or received on options that settled during the period.

Six Months Ended June 30, 2016 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2015

        Oil sales revenues.     Crude oil sales revenues increased by $6.7 million to $84.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2016 as compared to crude oil sales of $77.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2015. An increase in sales volumes between these periods contributed a $32.3 million positive impact, which was partially offset by a $25.6 million negative impact due to declining crude oil prices.

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        For the six months ended June 30, 2016, our crude oil sales averaged 13.8 MBbls/d. Our crude oil sales volume increased 42% to 2,518.0 MBbls in the six months ended June 30, 2016 compared to 1,777.5 MBbls in the six months ended June 30, 2015. The volume increase is primarily due to the development of our properties, and to a lesser extent, the March 2015 Acquisition. For the period from July 1, 2015 through June 30, 2016, we completed 83 gross wells. Offsetting the increased production from these new wells is the normal decline on the existing producing properties.

        The average price we realized on the sale of crude oil was $33.41 per Bbl for the six months ended June 30, 2016 compared to $43.58 per Bbl for the six months ended June 30, 2015.

        Natural gas sales revenues.     Natural gas revenues increased by $4.7 million to $14.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2016 as compared to natural gas revenues of $10.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2015. An increase in sales volumes between these periods contributed an $8.2 million positive impact, which was partially offset by a $3.5 million negative impact due to declining natural gas prices.

        For the six months ended June 30, 2016, our natural gas sales averaged 44.3 MMcf/d. Natural gas sales volumes increased by 80% to 8,060.7 MMcf for the six months ended June 30, 2016 as compared to 4,471.9 MMcf for the six months ended June 30, 2015. The volume increase is primarily due to the development of our properties, and to a lesser extent, the March 2015 Acquisition. For the period from July 1, 2015 through June 30, 2016, we completed 83 gross wells. Offsetting the increased production from these new wells is the normal decline on the existing producing properties.

        The average price we realized on the sale of our natural gas was $1.85 per Mcf for the six months ended June 30, 2016 compared to $2.29 per Mcf for the six months ended June 30, 2015.

        NGL sales revenues.     NGL revenues increased by $6.3 million to $11.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2016 as compared to NGL revenues of $5.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2015. An increase in sales volumes between these periods contributed a $4.3 million positive impact, while an increase in price contributed a $2.0 million positive impact.

        For the six months ended June 30, 2016, our NGL sales averaged 5.0 MBbl/d. NGL sales volumes increased by 85% to 904.6 MBbls for the six months ended June 30, 2016 as compared to 488.3 MBbls for the six months ended June 30, 2015. The volume increase is due to the development of our properties, and to a lesser extent, the March 2015 Acquisition. Our NGL sales are directly associated with our natural gas sales since the majority of our natural gas volumes are processed by third parties which return a percentage of the proceeds from both residue natural gas sales and NGL sales.

        The average price we realized on the sale of our NGL was $12.63 per Bbl in the six months ended June 30, 2016 compared to $10.41 per Bbl in the six months ended June 30, 2015.

        Lease operating expenses.     Our LOEs increased by $14.0 million to $25.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2016, from $11.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2015.

        On a per unit basis, LOE increased from $3.76 per BOE sold for the six months ended June 30, 2015 to $5.32 per BOE sold for the six months ended June 30, 2016. The increase is primarily the result of (i) an increase in transportation and gathering fees on gas sales as a result of the Company entering into fee-type gas contracts versus percent of proceeds, and (ii) the March 2015 Acquisition, which included older vertical wells that have higher cost, on a per BOE sold basis, than our newer horizontal wells. As wells mature, we expect to incur additional costs to put these wells on artificial lift, which increases costs in fuel, electricity and related expenses.

        Production taxes.     Our production taxes increased by $2.8 million to $10.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2016 as compared to $7.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2015. The increase is attributable to increased revenue as State of Colorado production taxes are calculated as a

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percentage of sales revenue. Production taxes as a percentage of sales revenue was 9.7% for the six months ended June 30, 2016 as compared to 8.5% for the six months ended June 30, 2015.

        Exploration expenses.     Our exploration expenses were $8.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2016. We recognized $5.5 million in expense attributable to the extension of leases and $2.9 million in impairment expense attributable to the abandonment and impairment of unproved properties for the six months ended June 30, 2016. For the six months ended June 30, 2015, we recognized $4.9 million in exploration expenses. Included in exploration expense for the six months ended June 30, 2015 is $4.5 million in impairment expense attributable to the abandonment and impairment of unproved properties.

        Depletion, depreciation, amortization and accretion expense.     Our depletion, depreciation, amortization and accretion ("DD&A") expense increased $35.3 million to $94.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2016 as compared to $59.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2015. This increase is due to more volumes being sold for the six months ended June 30, 2016 as sales increased by approximately 1,755.0 MBoe. On a per unit basis, DD&A expense increased from $19.69 per BOE for the six months ended June 30, 2015 to $19.86 per BOE for the six months ended June 30, 2016.

        Impairment of long lived assets.     We recognized $22.5 million and $9.5 million in impairment expense on proved oil and gas properties for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The impairment expense for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 is related to impairment of the assets in our Northern field. The future undiscounted cash flows did not exceed the carrying amount associated with the proved oil and gas properties in the Northern field and it was determined that the proved oil and gas properties had no remaining fair value. Therefore, the full net book value of these proved oil and gas properties were impaired at June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

        Other operating expenses.     Other operating expenses in the six months ended June 30, 2016 are comprised of a $0.9 million rig termination fee related to the early termination of a rig in February 2016. Other operating expenses in the six months ended June 30, 2015 are comprised of a $1.7 million rig termination fee related to the early termination of a rig in March 2015.

        Acquisition transaction expenses.     As part of the March 2015 Acquisition, we incurred $6.0 million of non-cash transaction costs associated with a finder's fee to an unaffiliated third-party. We assigned an over-riding royalty interest in the proved and unproved oil and gas properties acquired in the March 2015 Acquisition, which had a fair value of $6.0 million on the measurement date. For the six months ended June 30, 2016, we did not recognize any non-cash acquisition transaction expenses.

        General and administrative expense.     General and administrative ("G&A") expense decreased by $1.8 million to $15.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2016 as compared to $16.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2015. This decrease is primarily due to a decrease in acquisition costs which were incurred during the six months ended June 30, 2015 related to our March 2015 Acquisition. On a per unit basis, G&A expense decreased from $5.60 per BOE sold for the six months ended June 30, 2015 to $3.17 per BOE sold in the six months ended June 30, 2016. The decrease is primarily due to our increase in sales volumes from our acquisitions and our ongoing development program.

        Our G&A expense includes the non-cash expense for unit-based compensation for equity awards granted to our employees and non-employee consultants. For the six months ended June 30, 2016, unit-based compensation expense was $2.6 million as compared to $3.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2015.

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        Commodity derivative loss.     We began using commodity derivatives in September 2014. Primarily due to the increase in NYMEX crude oil futures prices at June 30, 2016 as compared to December 31, 2015, we incurred a net loss on our commodity derivatives of $78.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2016. This loss is a result of our hedging program, which is used to mitigate our exposure to commodity price fluctuations. The fair value of the open commodity derivative instruments will continue to change in value until the transactions are settled and we will likely add to our hedging program. Therefore, we expect our net income (loss) to reflect the volatility of commodity price forward markets. Our cash flow will only be affected upon settlement of the transactions at the current market prices at that time. During the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, we had cash settlements of commodity derivatives totaling $33.2 million and $27.3 million, respectively.

        Interest expense.     Interest expense consists of interest expense on our long term debt, amortization of debt discount and debt issuance costs, net of capitalized interest. For the six months ended June 30, 2016, we recognized interest expense of approximately $26.7 million as compared to $23.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2015, as a result of borrowings under our revolving credit facility and our second lien notes.

        We incurred interest expense for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 of approximately $26.6 million and $24.4 million, respectively, related to our revolving credit facility and our second lien notes. Also included in interest expense for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 was the amortization of debt issuance costs and debt discount of $2.4 million and $2.0 million, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, we capitalized interest costs of $2.4 million and $2.7 million, respectively.

Year Ended December 31, 2015 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2014

        Oil sales revenues.     Crude oil sales revenues increased by $81.6 million to $157.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2015 as compared to crude oil sales of $75.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. An increase in sales volumes between these periods contributed a $215.8 million positive impact, which was partially offset by a $134.2 million negative impact due to declining crude oil prices.

        For the year ended December 31, 2015, our crude oil sales averaged 10.8 MBbls/d. Our crude oil sales volume increased 286% to 3,945.6 MBbls in the year ended December 31, 2015 compared to 1,022.2 MBbls in the year ended December 31, 2014. The volume increase is due to the development of our properties as well as our acquisitions during 2015 and 2014. Of the 2,923.4 MBbls increase in crude oil sales volume, 651.9 MBbls is related to the increase in production from producing wells acquired and 2,271.5 MBbls is attributed to our ongoing development of our properties and undeveloped acreage.

        The average price we realized on the sale of crude oil was $39.80 per Bbl for the year ended December 31, 2015 compared to $73.82 per Bbl for the year ended December 31, 2014.

        Natural gas sales revenues.     Natural gas revenues increased by $16.8 million to $26.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2015 as compared to natural gas revenues of $9.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. An increase in sales volumes between these periods contributed a $28.3 million positive impact, which was partially offset by an $11.5 million negative impact due to declining natural gas prices.

        For the year ended December 31, 2015, our natural gas sales averaged 29.7 MMcf/d. Natural gas sales volumes increased by 306% to 10,823.0 MMcf for the year ended December 31, 2015 as compared to 2,664.1 MMcf for the year ended December 31, 2014. The volume increase is due to the development of our properties as well as our acquisitions during 2015 and 2014. Of the 8,158.9 MMcf increase in natural gas sales volume, 3,072.5 MMcf was related to the increase in production from

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producing wells acquired and 5,086.4 MMcf was attributed to our ongoing development of our properties and undeveloped acreage.

        The average price we realized on the sale of our natural gas was $2.40 per Mcf for the year ended December 31, 2015 compared to $3.47 per Mcf for the year ended December 31, 2014.

        NGL sales revenues.     NGL revenues increased by $6.6 million to $14.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2015 as compared to NGL revenues of $8.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. An increase in sales volumes between these periods contributed a $25.2 million positive impact, which was offset by a $18.6 million negative impact due to declining NGL prices.

        For the year ended December 31, 2015, our NGL sales averaged 3.7 Bbl/d. NGL sales volumes increased by 310% to 1,334.6 MBbls for the year ended December 31, 2015 as compared to 325.3 MBbls for the year ended December 31, 2014. The volume increase is due to the development of our properties as well as our acquisitions during 2015 and 2014. Our NGL sales are directly associated with our natural gas sales since the majority of our natural gas volumes are processed by third parties which return a percentage of the proceeds from both residue natural gas sales and NGL sales.

        The average price we realized on the sale of our NGL was $11.02 per Bbl in the year ended December 31, 2015 compared to $25.0 per Bbl in the year ended December 31, 2014.

        Lease operating expenses.     Our LOE increased by $25.6 million to $30.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2015, from $5.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2014.

        On a per unit basis, LOE increased from $2.83 per BOE sold for the year ended December 31, 2014 to $4.32 per BOE sold for the year ended December 31, 2015. The increase is primarily the result of the March 2015 Acquisition, which included older vertical wells that have higher cost, on a per BOE sold basis, than our newer horizontal wells. As wells mature, we expect to incur additional costs to put these wells on artificial lift, which increases costs in fuel, electricity and related expenses.

        Production taxes.     Our production taxes increased by $7.3 million to $17.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2015 as compared to $9.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. The increase is attributable to increased revenue as State of Colorado production taxes are calculated as a percentage of sales revenue. Production taxes as a percentage of sales revenue was 8.6% for the year ended December 31, 2015 as compared to 10.5% for the year ended December 31, 2014.

        Exploration expenses.     Our exploration expenses were $18.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2015. We recognized $16.4 million in impairment expense attributable to the abandonment and impairment of unproved properties and $2.2 million for extensions on leases for the year ended December 31, 2015. For the year ended December 31, 2014, there were no significant exploration expenses or abandonment and impairment of unproved properties.

        Depletion, depreciation, amortization and accretion expense.     Our DD&A expense increased $112.5 million to $146.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2015 as compared to $34.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. This increase is due to more volumes being sold for the year ended December 31, 2015 as sales increased by approximately 5,292.4 MBoe. On a per unit basis, DD&A expense increased from $19.00 per BOE for the year ended December 31, 2014 to $20.69 per BOE for the year ended December 31, 2015.

        Impairment of long lived assets.     During 2015, we sold proved oil and gas properties for proceeds of $4.7 million. In connection with the sale, we determined that assets' net book value exceeded the fair value of such properties by $2.7 million. We recognized that amount as an impairment expense for the year ended December 31, 2015. During 2015, we also recorded impairment expense of $9.5 million related to impairment of a subsidiary. Our subsidiary had negative future undiscounted cash flows associated with its proved oil and gas properties as of December 31, 2015, and it was determined that

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our subsidiary's proved oil and gas properties had no remaining fair value. Therefore, our subsidiary's full net book value of proved oil and gas properties were impaired. Additionally, we recognized $3.6 million in impairment expense related to a specifically proposed gas processing plant that is no longer being pursued.

        Other operating expenses.     Other operating expenses for the year ended December 31, 2015 are comprised of a $1.7 million rig termination fee related to the early termination of a rig in March 2015 and $0.7 million related to rig standby fees in September 2015. There were no other operating expenses for the year ended December 31, 2014.

        Acquisition transaction expenses.     As part of the March 2015 Acquisition, we incurred $6.0 million of non-cash transaction costs associated with a finder's fee to an unaffiliated third-party. We assigned an over-riding royalty interest in the proved and unproved oil and gas properties acquired in the March 2015 Acquisition, which had a fair value of $6.0 million on the measurement date. For the year ended December 31, 2014, we did not recognize any non-cash acquisition transaction expenses.

        General and administrative expense.     G&A expense increased by $17.6 million to $37.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2015 as compared to $19.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. This increase is due to the growth in personnel and related costs as we have expanded our operational activities. On a per unit basis, G&A expense decreased from $10.94 per BOE sold for the year ended December 31, 2014 to $5.24 per BOE sold in the year ended December 31, 2015. The decrease is primarily due to our increase in sales volumes from our acquisitions and our ongoing development program.

        Our G&A expense includes the non-cash expense for unit-based compensation for equity awards granted to our employees and non-employee consultants. For the year ended December 31, 2015, unit-based compensation expense was $6.0 million as compared to $4.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2014.

        Commodity derivative gain.     We began using commodity derivatives in September 2014. Primarily due to the decrease in NYMEX crude oil futures prices at December 31, 2015 as compared to December 31, 2014, we incurred a net gain on our commodity derivatives of $79.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2015. This gain is a result of our hedging program, which is used to mitigate our exposure to commodity price fluctuations. The fair value of the open commodity derivative instruments will continue to change in value until the transactions are settled and we will likely add to our hedging program. Therefore, we expect our net income to reflect the volatility of commodity price forward markets. Our cash flow will only be affected upon settlement of the transactions at the current market prices at that time. During the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, we had cash settlements of commodity derivatives totaling $59.8 million and $4.0 million, respectively.

        Interest expense.     Interest expense consists of interest expense on our long term debt, amortization of debt discount and debt issuance costs, net of capitalized interest. For the year ended December 31, 2015, we recognized interest expense of approximately $51.0 million as compared to $22.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, as a result of borrowings under our revolving credit facility and our second lien notes.

        We incurred interest expense for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 of approximately $50.7 million and $23.1 million, respectively, related to our revolving credit facility and our second lien notes. Also included in interest expense for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 was the amortization of debt issuance costs and debt discount of $4.2 million and $2.0 million, respectively. Additionally, during 2015, we incurred $1.4 million related to a potential financing transaction, and we recorded such amount as amortization expense for the year ended December 31, 2015. For the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, we capitalized interest costs of $5.3 million and $2.6 million, respectively.

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

        We expect that our primary sources of liquidity and capital resources after the consummation of this offering will be cash flows generated by operating activities and borrowings under our revolving credit facility. Depending upon market conditions and other factors, we may also issue equity and debt securities if needed.

        Historically, our primary sources of liquidity have been borrowings under our revolving credit facility, our second lien notes, our 2021 Notes, equity provided by investors, including our management team, cash from the 2016 Equity Offering and cash flows from operations. In addition, we have agreed to issue up to $350 million in convertible preferred securities to fund a portion of the purchase price of the Bayswater Acquisition. See "—Convertible Preferred Securities." To date, our primary use of capital has been for the acquisition of oil and gas properties to increase our acreage position, as well as development and exploration of oil and gas properties. Our borrowings, net of unamortized debt discount and debt issuance costs, were approximately $649.9 million at June 30, 2016, and our borrowings, net of unamortized debt discount, were approximately $650.1 million and $524.0 million at December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

        We plan to continue our practice of entering into hedging arrangements to reduce the impact of commodity price volatility on our cash flow from operations. Under this strategy, we intend to enter into commodity derivative contracts at times and on terms desired to maintain a portfolio of commodity derivative contracts covering approximately 50% to 80% of our projected oil production over a one-to-two year period at a given point in time, although we may from time to time hedge more or less than this approximate range.

        If cash flow from operations does not meet our expectations, we may reduce our expected level of capital expenditures and/or fund a portion of our capital expenditures using borrowings under our revolving credit facility, issuances of debt and equity securities or from other sources, such as asset sales. We cannot assure you that necessary capital will be available on acceptable terms or at all. Our ability to raise funds through the incurrence of additional indebtedness could be limited by the covenants in our debt arrangements. If we are unable to obtain funds when needed or on acceptable terms, we may not be able to complete acquisitions that may be favorable to us or finance the capital expenditures necessary to maintain our production or proved reserves.

Cash Flows

        The following table summarizes our cash flows for the periods indicated:

 
  For the Six Months
Ended June 30,
  For the Years Ended
December 31,
 
 
  2016   2015   2015   2014  
 
  (unaudited)
   
   
 
 
  (in thousands)
 

Net cash provided by operating activities

  $ 41,178   $ 61,958   $ 166,683   $ 77,390  

Net cash used in investing activities

    (160,080 )   (320,036 )   (520,006 )   (970,640 )

Net cash provided by financing activities

    125,466     200,780     371,404     972,090  

Six Months Ended June 30, 2016 Compared to the Six Months Ended June 30, 2015

        Net cash provided by operating activities.     For the six months ended June 30, 2016 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2015, our net cash provided by operating activities decreased by $20.8 million, primarily due to a decrease in changes in current assets and liabilities of $33.5, partially offset by an increase in settlements on commodity derivatives of $15.4 million.

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        Net cash used in investing activities.     For the six months ended June 30, 2016 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2015, our net cash used in investing activities decreased by $160.0 million primarily due to a decrease of $120.5 million used in acquisitions. Also contributing to this decrease was a decrease of $47.4 million in cash expended for drilling and completion activities and other property and equipment for the six months ended June 30, 2016 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2015. Offsetting these decreases was the change in cash held in escrow of $10.1 million.

        Net cash provided by financing activities.     For the six months ended June 30, 2016 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2015, our net cash provided by financing activities decreased by $75.3 million, primarily as a result of a decrease of $40.0 million in borrowings under our revolving credit facility and a decrease in proceeds received from the issuance of units of $38.8 million. Offsetting these decreases was a $3.5 million decrease in the cash expended for unit and deferred equity issuance costs for the six months ended June 30, 2016 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2015.

Year Ended December 31, 2015 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2014

        Net cash provided by operating activities.     For the year ended December 31, 2015 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2014, our net cash provided by operating activities increased by $89.3 million, primarily due to an increase in sales volumes of approximately 5,292.4 MBoe.

        Net cash used in investing activities.     For the year ended December 31, 2015 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2014, our net cash used in investing activities decreased by $450.6 million primarily due to a decrease of $586.8 million used in acquisitions. Partially offsetting this decrease was an increase of $150.8 million in cash expended for drilling and completion activities.

        Net cash provided by financing activities.     For the year ended December 31, 2015 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2014, our net cash provided by financing activities decreased by $600.7 million, primarily as a result of a decrease in proceeds received from the issuance of units of $220.4 million. Additionally, this decrease was partially due to a decrease of $398.5 million in borrowings under our revolving credit facility and our second lien notes. Offsetting these decreases was an $18.2 million decrease in cash used for debt and equity issuance costs for the year ended December 31, 2015 compare to the year ended December 31, 2014.

Working Capital

        Our working capital was a deficit of $10.7 million at June 30, 2016 and was $47.5 million and $37.7 million at December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Our cash balances totaled $103.7 million at June 30, 2016, and $97.1 million and $79.0 million at December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

        Due to the amounts that we incur related to our drilling and completion program and the timing of such expenditures, we may continue to incur working capital deficits in the future. We expect that our cash flows from operating activities and availability under our revolving credit facility after application of the estimated net proceeds from this offering, as described under "Use of Proceeds," will be sufficient to fund our working capital needs. We expect that our pace of development, production volumes, commodity prices and differentials to NYMEX prices for our oil and natural gas production will be the largest variables affecting our working capital.

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Debt Arrangements

        We intend to use $             million of the proceeds from this offering to repay borrowings under our revolving credit facility. Our revolving credit facility has a maximum credit amount of $500 million, subject to a borrowing base, and all of our current and future subsidiaries will be guarantors under such facility. Amounts repaid under our revolving credit facility may be re-borrowed from time to time, subject to the terms of the facility. For more information on the revolving credit facility, please see "—Revolving Credit Facility." The revolving credit facility is secured by liens on substantially all of our properties.

        On May 29, 2014, we entered into a second lien credit agreement with Wilmington Trust, National Association, as administrative agent, and a syndicate of lenders for the second lien notes with an aggregate principal amount equal to $414.9 million, net of unamortized debt discount and debt issuance costs at June 30, 2016.

        In July 2016, we closed a private offering of our unsecured 7.875% Senior Notes due 2021 that resulted in net proceeds of approximately $537.5 million. Our 2021 Notes bear interest at an annual rate of 7.875%. Interest on our 2021 Notes is payable on January 15 and July 15 of each year, and the first interest payment will be due on January 15, 2017. Our 2021 Notes will mature on July 15, 2021. A portion of the proceeds of the 2016 Notes Offering was used to repay all of the outstanding borrowings and related premium, fees and expenses under our second lien notes and terminate such notes, and the remaining proceeds were used to repay borrowings under our revolving credit facility and for general business purposes, including acquisitions. Our 2021 Notes are guaranteed by all of our current and future restricted subsidiaries (other than Extraction Finance Corp., the co-issuer of our 2021 Notes).

Revolving Credit Facility

        The amount available to be borrowed under our revolving credit facility is subject to a borrowing base that is redetermined semiannually on each May 1 and November 1, and will depend on the volumes of our proved oil and gas reserves and estimated cash flows from these reserves and other information deemed relevant by the administrative agent under our revolving credit facility. As of June 30, 2016, the borrowing base was $285.0 million, and there was $235.0 million outstanding under our revolving credit facility. On September 14, 2016, we entered into an amendment to our revolving credit facility that, among other things, increased the borrowing base to $350 million. The amendment also provides that upon consummation of the Bayswater Acquisition, the borrowing base will be increased to $450 million. Our revolving credit facility will mature November 29, 2018.

        Principal amounts borrowed will be payable on the maturity date, and interest will be payable quarterly for alternate base rate loans and at the end of the applicable interest period for Eurodollar loans. We have a choice of borrowing in Eurodollars or at the alternate base rate. Eurodollar loans bear interest at a rate per annum equal to an adjusted LIBOR rate (equal to the product of: (a) the LIBOR rate, multiplied by (b) a fraction (expressed as a decimal), the numerator of which is the number one and the denominator of which is the number one minus the reserve percentages (expressed as a decimal) on such date at which the administrative agent under our revolving credit facility is required to maintain reserves on 'Eurocurrency Liabilities' as defined in and pursuant to Regulation D of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System) plus an applicable margin ranging from 200 to 300 basis points, depending on the percentage of our borrowing base utilized. Alternate base rate loans bear interest at a rate per annum equal to the greatest of (i) the agent bank's reference rate, (ii) the federal funds effective rate plus 50 basis points and (iii) the adjusted one-month LIBOR rate (as calculated above) plus 100 basis points, plus an applicable margin ranging from 100 to 200 basis points, depending on the percentage of our borrowing base utilized. As of June 30, 2016, borrowings under our revolving credit facility had a weighted average interest rate of 3.0%. We may repay any amounts borrowed prior to the maturity date without any premium or penalty other than customary LIBOR breakage costs.

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        The revolving credit facility is secured by liens on substantially all of our properties and guarantees from us and our current and future subsidiaries. The revolving credit facility contains restrictive covenants that may limit our ability to, among other things:

    incur additional indebtedness;

    sell assets;

    make loans to others;

    make investments;

    make certain changes to our capital structure;

    make or declare dividends;

    hedge future production or interest rates;

    enter into transactions with our affiliates;

    holding cash balances in excess of certain thresholds while carrying a balance of our revolving credit facility;

    incur liens; and

    engage in certain other transactions without the prior consent of the lenders.

        The revolving credit facility requires us to maintain the following financial ratios:

    a current ratio, which is the ratio of our consolidated current assets (includes unused commitments under our revolving credit facility and unrestricted cash and excludes derivative assets) to our consolidated current liabilities (excludes obligations under our revolving credit facility, the second lien notes and certain derivative assets), of not less than 1.0 to 1.0 as of the last day of any fiscal quarter; and

    a maximum leverage ratio, which is the ratio of (i) consolidated debt less cash balances in excess of certain thresholds to (ii) our consolidated EBITDAX for the four fiscal quarter period most recently ended, not to exceed 4.0 to 1.0 as of the last day of such fiscal quarter; provided that (a) for the quarters ending between December 31, 2016 through March 31, 2018, annualized EBITDAX will be calculated using the last six months' consolidated EBITDAX multiplied by 2; and (b) for the quarter ending June 30, 2018, annualized EBITDAX will be calculated using the last nine months' consolidated EBITDAX multiplied by 4/3.

Second Lien Notes

        As of June 30, 2016, we had $414.9 million of borrowings outstanding, net of unamortized debt discount and debt issuance costs, under our second lien notes where, among others, we acted as guarantors. In connection with the closing of the 2016 Notes Offering, we repaid all borrowings and related premium, fees and expenses under our second lien notes and terminated such notes. Borrowings under our second lien notes bore interest at an aggregate weighted average rate equal to 10.7% per annum.

2021 Senior Notes

        In July 2016, we closed a private offering of our unsecured 7.875% Senior Notes due 2021 that resulted in net proceeds of approximately $537.5 million. Our 2021 Notes bear interest at an annual rate of 7.875%. Interest on our 2021 Notes is payable on January 15 and July 15 of each year, and the first interest payment will be due on January 15, 2017. Our 2021 Notes will mature on July 15, 2021.

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        We may, at our option, redeem all or a portion of our 2021 Notes at any time on or after July 15, 2018. We are also entitled to redeem up to 35% of the aggregate principal amount of our 2021 Notes before July 15, 2018, with an amount of cash not greater than the net proceeds that we raise in certain equity offerings at a redemption price equal to 107.875% of the principal amount of our 2021 Notes being redeemed plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the redemption date. In addition, prior to July 15, 2018, we may redeem some or all of our 2021 Notes at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the redemption date, plus a "make-whole" premium. If we experience certain kinds of changes of control, holders of our 2021 Notes may have the right to require us to repurchase their notes at 101% of the principal amount of the notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of purchase.

        Our 2021 Notes are our senior unsecured obligations and rank equally in right of payment with all of our other senior indebtedness and senior to any of our subordinated indebtedness. Our 2021 Notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by each of our current and future restricted subsidiaries (other than Extraction Finance Corp., the co-issuer of our 2021 Notes) that guarantees our indebtedness under a credit facility. The notes are effectively subordinated to all of our secured indebtedness (including all borrowings and other obligations under our revolving credit facility) to the extent of the value of the collateral securing such indebtedness, and structurally subordinated in right of payment to all existing and future indebtedness and other liabilities (including trade payables) of any future subsidiaries that do not guarantee the notes.

Convertible Preferred Securities

        We have agreed to issue to affiliates of Apollo up to $125 million in Series A Preferred Units to fund a portion of the purchase price for the Bayswater Acquisition. The Series A Preferred Units are entitled to receive a cash dividend of 10% per year, payable quarterly in arrears. We will use $            of the net proceeds of this offering to redeem the Series A Preferred Units in full, which amount includes a premium of $         million.

        In addition, we have agreed to issue to, among others, investment funds affiliated with OZ Management LP up to $225 million in Series B Preferred Units to fund a portion of the purchase price for the Bayswater Acquisition. The Series B Preferred Units are entitled to receive a cash dividend of 10% per year, payable quarterly in arrears, and we have the ability to pay up to 50% of the quarterly dividend in kind. The Series B Preferred Units will be converted in connection with the closing of this offering into shares of our Series A Preferred Stock that are entitled to receive a cash dividend of 5.875% per year, payable quarterly in arrears, and we have the ability to pay such quarterly dividends in kind at a dividend rate of 10% (decreased proportionately to the extent such quarterly dividends are paid in cash). Beginning on or after the later of a) 90 days after the closing of this offering and b) the Lock-Up Period End Date, the Series A Preferred Stock will be convertible into shares of our common stock at the election of the Series A Preferred Holders at a conversion ratio per share of Series A Preferred Stock of                        . Beginning on or after the Lock-Up Period End Date, we may elect to convert the Series A Preferred Stock at a conversion ratio per share of Series A Preferred Stock of                        , but only if the closing price of our common stock trades at or above a certain premium to our initial offering price, such premium to decrease with time. In certain situations, including a change of control, the Series A Preferred Stock may be redeemed for cash in amount equal to the greater of (i) 135% of the liquidation preference of the Series A Preferred Stock and (ii) a 17.5% annualized internal rate of return on the liquidation preference of the Series A Preferred Stock. The Series A Preferred Stock mature on October 15, 2021, at which time they are mandatorily redeemable for cash at par. See "Description of Capital Stock—Preferred Stock—Series A Preferred."

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Capital Requirements and Sources of Liquidity

        For the year ended December 31, 2015 and the six months ended June 30, 2016, our aggregate drilling, completion and leasehold capital expenditures were approximately $398.4 million and $137.8 million, respectively, excluding acquisitions.

        Historically, our primary sources of liquidity have been borrowings under our revolving credit facility, our second lien notes, our 2021 Notes, equity provided by investors, including our management team, cash from the 2016 Equity Offering and cash flows from operations. In addition, we have agreed to issue up to $350 million in convertible preferred securities to fund a portion of the purchase price of the Bayswater Acquisition. See "—Convertible Preferred Securities." Our primary use of capital was for the development and exploration of oil and natural gas properties and increasing our acreage position, including through acquisitions. Our future success in growing proved reserves and production will be highly dependent on the capital resources available to us. As we pursue reserve and production growth, we monitor which capital resources, including equity and debt financings, are available to us to meet our future financial obligations, planned capital expenditure activities and liquidity requirements.

        Based upon current oil, natural gas and NGL price expectations, following the closing of this offering, we believe that our cash flow from operations and borrowings under our revolving credit facility will be sufficient to fund our operations for the next twelve months. However, future cash flows are subject to a number of variables, including the level of oil and natural gas production and prices, and significant additional capital expenditures will be required to more fully develop our properties. For example, we expect a portion of our future capital expenditures to be financed with cash flows from operations derived from wells drilled on drilling locations not associated with proved reserves in our June 30, 2016 reserve report. The failure to achieve anticipated production and cash flow from operations from such wells could result in a reduction in future capital spending. We cannot assure you that operations and other needed capital will be available on acceptable terms or at all. In the event we make additional acquisitions and the amount of capital required is greater than the amount we have available for acquisitions at that time, we could be required to reduce the expected level of capital expenditures and/or seek additional capital. If we require additional capital for that or other reasons, we may seek such capital through traditional reserve base borrowings, joint venture partnerships, production payment financings, asset sales, offerings of debt and equity securities or other means. We cannot assure you that needed capital will be available on acceptable terms or at all. If we are unable to obtain funds when needed or on acceptable terms, we may be required to curtail our current drilling programs, which could result in a loss of acreage through lease expirations. In addition, we may not be able to complete acquisitions that may be favorable to us or finance the capital expenditures necessary to replace our reserves. Please see "Risk Factors—Risks Related to the Oil, Natural Gas and NGL Industry and Our Business—Our cash flow from operations and access to capital are subject to a number of variables."

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Contractual Obligations

        A summary of our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2015 is provided in the following table.

 
  Payments due by Period  
 
  Total   Less than
1 year
  1 - 3 years   3 - 5 years   More than
5 years
 
 
  (In thousands)
 

Contractual Obligations

                               

Office lease(1)

  $ 22,666   $ 1,668   $ 4,990   $ 4,400   $ 11,608  

Drilling rig obligations(2)

    3,029     3,029              

Volume commitment(3)

    759,200     15,695     188,340     188,340     366,825  

Revolving credit facility and interest payable(4)

    244,675     6,738     237,937          

Second Lien Notes and interest payable(5)

    586,948     46,050     91,848     449,051      

Total

  $ 1,616,518   $ 73,180   $ 523,115   $ 641,791   $ 378,433  

(1)
We lease two office spaces in Denver, Colorado, one office space in Greeley, Colorado and one office space in Houston, Texas under four separate operating lease agreements. The Denver, Colorado leases expire on February 29, 2020 and May 31, 2026. The Greeley, Colorado and Houston, Texas leases expire on March 31, 2019 and October 31, 2017, respectively. Total rental commitments under non-cancelable leases for office space were $22.7 million at December 31, 2015.

(2)
As of December 31, 2015, we were subject to commitments on two drilling rigs, which were set to expire on January 11, 2016 and November 9, 2016. In the event of early termination of these contracts, we would be obligated to pay an aggregate amount of approximately $3.0 million as of December 31, 2015, as required under the terms of the contracts. Upon the January 11, 2016 expiration, the corresponding drilling rig contract remained in effect on a month-to-month basis, subject to each party's right to terminate upon 60 days' notice. No notice for termination had been provided by either party as of May 12, 2016. In February 2016, we provided notice to terminate one of our drilling rigs that was subject to commitment at December 31, 2015. As part of this termination, we will be obligated to pay $1.0 million in the second quarter of 2016.

(3)
We entered into an agreement obligating us to deliver 40,000 Bbl/d of crude oil for a term of ten years and an additional 20,000 Bbl/d for a term of five years. Both commitments had an expected commencement date of November 30, 2016. The aggregate amount of estimated payments under these agreements was $759.2 million. In March 2016, we terminated the five-year 20,000 Bpd commitment and amended and restated our long-term crude oil delivery commitment agreement, which, as amended and restated, obligates us to deliver 40,000 Bbl/d during a ten-year period starting in November 30, 2016, such amount increasing to 58,000 Bbl/d by the third year of the contract. The aggregate amount of estimated payments under the new amended and restated agreement is $887.3 million over the ten years. For further discussion regarding our volume commitments, please refer to Note 12—Commitments and Contingencies to our historical audited financial statements.

(4)
Calculated based on December 31, 2015 outstanding borrowings under our revolving credit facility of $225.0 million and assumes no principal repayment until the maturity date of the notes. Interest on our revolving credit facility is payable at one of the following two variable rates as selected by us: a base rate based on the Prime Rate or the Eurodollar rate based in LIBOR. Either rate is adjusted upward by an applicable margin, based on the utilization percentage of the facility as outlined in the Pricing Grid. Additionally, our revolving credit facility provides for a commitment fee of 0.375% to 0.50%, depending on borrowing base usage. Cash interest expense on our

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    revolving credit facility is estimated assuming no principal repayment until the maturity date and a fixed interest rate of 2.9% (our all-in rate on our revolving credit facility as of December 31, 2015).

(5)
Calculated based on December 31, 2015 outstanding aggregate principal amount on our second lien notes of $430.0 million outstanding, at a weighted average fixed interest rate of 10.7%, Interest is payable on our second lien notes on a semi-annual basis through the maturity date of May 29, 2019. We used a portion of the net proceeds from the 2016 Notes Offering to repay all of the outstanding borrowings and related premium, fees, and expenses under our second lien notes (which were terminated concurrently with such repayment).

        The above contractual obligations schedule does not include the 2016 Notes Offering, this offering, future anticipated settlement of derivative contracts or estimated amounts expected to be incurred in the future associated with the abandonment of our oil and gas properties, as we cannot determine with accuracy the timing of such payments. For further discussion regarding our derivative contracts and estimated future costs associated with the abandonment of our oil and gas properties, please refer to Note 5—Commodity Derivative Instruments and Note 6—Asset Retirement Obligations of our historical audited financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014. Additionally, for further information regarding our contractual obligations as of June 30, 2016, please refer to Note 11—Commitments and Contingencies to our historical unaudited financial statements for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015.

        As is customary in the oil and gas industry, we may at times have commitments in place to reserve or earn certain acreage positions or wells. If we do not meet such commitments, the acreage positions or wells may be lost or we may be required to pay damages if certain performance conditions are not met.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk

        We are exposed to market risk, including the effects of adverse changes in commodity prices and interest rates as described below. The primary objective of the following information is to provide quantitative and qualitative information about our potential exposure to market risks. The term "market risk" refers to the risk of loss arising from adverse changes in oil, natural gas and NGL prices and interest rates. The disclosures are not meant to be precise indicators of expected future losses, but rather indicators of reasonably possible losses. All of our market risk sensitive instruments were entered into for purposes other than speculative trading.

Commodity Price Risk

        Our major market risk exposure is in the pricing that we receive for our oil, natural gas and NGL production. Pricing for oil, natural gas and NGL has been volatile and unpredictable for several years, and this volatility is expected to continue in the future. The prices we receive for our oil, natural gas and NGL production depend on many factors outside of our control, such as the strength of the global economy and global supply and demand for the commodities we produce.

        To reduce the impact of fluctuations in oil prices on our revenues, we have periodically entered into commodity derivative contracts with respect to certain of our oil and natural gas production through various transactions that limit the downside of future prices received. We plan to continue our practice of entering into such transactions to reduce the impact of commodity price volatility on our cash flow from operations. Future transactions may include price swaps whereby we will receive a fixed price for our production and pay a variable market price to the contract counterparty. Additionally, we may enter into collars, whereby we receive the excess, if any, of the fixed floor over the floating rate or pay the excess, if any, of the floating rate over the fixed ceiling price. These hedging activities are intended to support oil prices at targeted levels and to manage our exposure to oil price fluctuations.

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        As of June 30, 2016, the fair market value of our oil derivative contracts was a net liability of $38.2 million. Based on our open oil derivative positions at June 30, 2016, a 10% increase in the NYMEX WTI price would increase our net oil derivative liability by approximately $37.1 million, while a 10% decrease in the NYMEX WTI price would decrease our net oil derivative liability by approximately $35.4 million. As of June 30, 2016, the fair market value of our natural gas derivative contracts was a net liability of $2.2 million. Based upon our open commodity derivative positions at June 30, 2016, a 10% increase in the NYMEX Henry Hub price would increase our net natural gas derivative liability by approximately $7.5 million, while a 10% decrease in the NYMEX Henry Hub price would decrease our net natural gas derivate liability by approximately $7.5 million. Please see "—Derivative Arrangements."

Counterparty and Customer Credit Risk

        Our cash and cash equivalents are exposed to concentrations of credit risk. We manage and control this risk by investing these funds with major financial institutions. We often have balances in excess of the federally insured limits.

        We sell oil, natural gas and NGL to various types of customers, including pipelines and refineries. Credit is extended based on an evaluation of the customer's financial conditions and historical payment record. The future availability of a ready market for oil, natural gas and NGL depends on numerous factors outside of our control, none of which can be predicted with certainty. For the year ended December 31, 2015, we had certain major customers that exceeded 10% of total oil, natural gas and NGL revenues. See "Business—Operations—Marketing and Customers." We do not believe the loss of any single purchaser would materially impact its operating results because oil, natural gas and NGL are fungible products with well-established markets and numerous purchasers.

        At December 31, 2015, we had commodity derivative contracts with six counterparties. We do not require collateral or other security from counterparties to support derivative instruments; however, to minimize the credit risk in derivative instruments, it is our policy to enter into derivative contracts only with counterparties that are creditworthy financial institutions deemed by management as competent and competitive market-makers. Additionally, we use master netting agreements to minimize credit-risk exposure. The creditworthiness of our counterparties is subject to periodic review. Three of the six counterparties to the derivative instruments are highly rated entities with corporate ratings at A3 classifications or above by Moody's. The other three counterparties had a corporate rating of Baa1 by Moody's. For the year ended December 31, 2015, we did not incur any losses with respect to counterparty contracts. None of our existing derivative instrument contracts contains credit-risk related contingent features.

Interest Rate Risk

        At June 30, 2016, we had $235.0 million of variable-rate debt outstanding, with a weighted average interest rate of LIBOR plus 2.5%. Assuming no change in the amount outstanding, the impact on interest expense of a 1% increase or decrease in the average interest rate would be approximately $2.4 million per year. We may begin entering into interest rate swap arrangements on a portion of our outstanding debt to mitigate the risk of fluctuations in LIBOR. See "—Liquidity and Capital Resources—Debt Arrangements."

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements

        The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of oil and gas reserves, assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Significant areas requiring

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the use of assumptions, judgments and estimates include (1) oil and gas reserves; (2) cash flow estimates used in impairment testing of oil and gas properties; (3) depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion; (4) asset retirement obligations; (5) assigning fair value and allocating purchase price in connection with business combinations; (6) accrued revenue and related receivables; (7) valuation of commodity derivative instruments; (8) accrued liabilities; and (9) valuation of unit-based payments. Although management believes these estimates are reasonable, actual results could differ from these estimates. We evaluate our estimates on an on-going basis and base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Although actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions, we believe our estimates are reasonable.

Successful Efforts Method of Accounting

        We follow the successful efforts method of accounting for oil and gas properties. Under this method of accounting, all property acquisition costs and development costs are capitalized when incurred and depleted on a units-of-production basis over the remaining life of proved reserves and proved developed reserves, respectively.

        The costs of exploratory wells are initially capitalized pending a determination of whether proved reserves have been found. At the completion of drilling activities, the costs of exploratory wells remain capitalized if a determination is made that proved reserves have been found. If no proved reserves have been found, the costs of exploratory wells are charged to expense. In some cases, a determination of proved reserves cannot be made at the completion of drilling, requiring additional testing and evaluation of the wells. Cost incurred for exploratory wells that find reserves that cannot yet be classified as proved are capitalized if (a) the well has found a sufficient quantity of reserves to justify its completion as a producing well and (b) sufficient progress in assessing the reserves and the economic and operating viability of the project has been made. The status of suspended well costs is monitored continuously and reviewed quarterly. Due to the capital-intensive nature and the geographical characteristics of certain projects, it may take an extended period of time to evaluate the future potential of an exploration project and the economics associated with making a determination of its commercial viability.

        Geological and geophysical costs are expensed as incurred. Costs of seismic studies that are utilized in development drilling within an area of proved reserves are capitalized as development costs. Amounts of seismic costs capitalized are based on only those blocks of data used in determining development well locations. To the extent that a seismic project covers areas of both developmental and exploratory drilling, those seismic costs are proportionately allocated between development costs and exploration expense.

        We capitalize interest, if debt is outstanding, during drilling operations in our exploration and development activities.

Oil and Gas Reserves

        Our estimates of proved reserves are based on the quantities of oil, natural gas and NGLs, which, by analysis of geoscience and engineering data, can be estimated with reasonable certainty to be economically producible from a given date forward from known reservoirs under existing economic conditions, operating methods and government regulations prior to the time at which contracts providing the right to operate expire, unless evidence indicates that renewal is reasonably certain, regardless of whether deterministic or probabilistic methods are used for the estimation. Our independent petroleum engineers, Ryder Scott, prepare a reserve and economic evaluation of all of our properties on a well-by-well basis. The accuracy of reserve estimates is a function of the:

    quality and quantity of available data;

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    interpretation of that data;

    accuracy of various mandated economic assumptions; and

    judgment of the independent reserve engineer.

        One of the most significant estimates we make is the estimate of oil, natural gas and NGL reserves. Oil, natural gas and NGL reserve estimates require significant judgments in the evaluation of all available geological, geophysical, engineering and economic data. The data for a given field may change substantially over time as a result of numerous factors including, but not limited to, additional development activity, production history, projected future production, economic assumptions relating to commodity prices, operating expenses, severance and other taxes, capital expenditures and remediation costs and these estimates are inherently uncertain. For example, if estimates of proved reserves decline, our DD&A rate will increase, resulting in a decrease in net income. A decline in estimates of proved reserves could also cause us to perform an impairment analysis to determine if the carrying amount of oil and gas properties exceeds fair value and could result in an impairment charge, which would reduce earnings. We cannot predict what reserve revisions may be required in future periods.

        Ryder Scott estimated all of our proved reserve quantities as of June 30, 2016, December 31, 2015 and 2014. In connection with Ryder Scott performing their independent reserve estimations, we furnish them with the following information that they review: (1) technical support data, (2) technical analysis of geologic and engineering support information, (3) economic and production data and (4) our well ownership interests.

        The following table presents information about proved reserve changes from period to period due to items we do not control, such as price, and from changes due to production history and well performance. These changes do not require a capital expenditure on our part, but may have resulted from capital expenditures we incurred to develop other estimated proved reserves.

 
  Six Months Ended
June 30, 2016
  Year Ended
December 31, 2015
 
 
  MBoe Change   MBoe Change  

Revisions resulting from price changes

    (2,394 )   (48,578 )

Revisions resulting from production and performance

    (10,066 )   47,428  

    (12,460 )   (1,150 )

        The recent significant decline in oil and natural gas prices increases the uncertainty as to the impact of commodity prices on our estimated proved reserves. We are unable to predict future commodity prices with any greater precision than the futures market. A prolonged period of depressed commodity prices may have a significant impact on the value and volumetric quantities of our proved reserve portfolio, assuming no other changes to our development plans or costs. The impact of commodity prices on our estimated proved reserves can be illustrated as follows: if the SEC-mandated beginning of the prior 12 months average prices used for our December 31, 2015 reserve report had been replaced with (i) the beginning of the prior six months average prices as of June 30, 2016 (which resulted in unweighted average first-day-of-the-month prices for such six-month period of $39.13/Bbl for oil and $1.88/MMBtu for natural gas) and (ii) the average forward commodity price strip as of June 30, 2016 for the six-month period ended December 31, 2016 (which resulted in average prices of $49.54/Bbl for oil and $2.88/MMBtu for natural gas), then the estimated future net revenues of our proved reserves and the estimated proved reserves volumes as of December 31, 2015 would have decreased by approximately 23.4% and 1.2%, respectively.

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Depreciation, Depletion, Amortization and Accretion.

        Our DD&A rate is dependent upon our estimates of total proved and proved developed reserves, which incorporate various assumptions and future projections. If our estimates of total proved or proved developed reserves decline, the rate at which we record DD&A expense increases, which in turn reduces our net income. Such a decline in reserves may result from lower commodity prices or other changes to reserve estimates, as discussed above, and we are unable to predict changes in reserve quantity estimates as such quantities are dependent on the success of our exploration and development program, as well as future economic conditions.

Impairment of Proved Oil and Gas Properties

        Proved oil and gas properties are reviewed for impairment annually or when events and circumstances indicate a possible decline in the recoverability of the carrying amount of such property. We estimate the expected future cash flows of our oil and gas properties and compare these undiscounted cash flows to the carrying amount of the oil and gas properties to determine if the carrying amount is recoverable. If the carrying amount exceeds the estimated undiscounted future cash flows, we will write down the carrying amount of the oil and gas properties to fair value. The factors used to determine fair value include, but are not limited to, estimates of reserves, future commodity prices, future production estimates, estimated future capital expenditures and discount rates commensurate with the risk associated with realizing the projected cash flows. Impairment expense for proved properties is reported in impairment of long lived assets in the statements of operations.

        We recognized an aggregate $12.2 million in impairment expense attributable to proved oil and gas properties for the year ended December 31, 2015. In December 2015, we sold proved oil and gas properties for proceeds of $4.7 million. As a result, these assets were fair valued on the date of the transaction in accordance with ASC 360, Property, Plant and Equipment. The net book value of these assets exceeded the fair value by $2.7 million, which we recognized as impairment expense attributable to these proved oil and gas properties for the year ended December 31, 2015. Additionally, we recognized $9.5 million of impairment expense related to proved oil and gas properties in our Northern field, which we determined had no remaining fair value, therefore the full net book values of these properties were impaired. We recognized $22.5 million and $9.5 million in impairment expense on proved oil and gas properties for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The impairment expense for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 is related to impairment of the assets in our Northern field. The future undiscounted cash flows did not exceed the carrying amount associated with the proved oil and gas properties in the Northern field and it was determined that the proved oil and gas properties had no remaining fair value. Therefore, the full net book value of these proved oil and gas properties were impaired at June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

        Our impairment analyses requires us to apply judgment in identifying impairment indicators and estimating future cash flows of our oil and gas properties. If actual results are not consistent with our assumptions and estimates or our assumptions and estimates change due to new information, we may be exposed to an impairment charge.

        Forward commodity prices and estimates of future production also play a significant role in determining impairment of proved oil and gas properties. As a result of lower commodity prices and their impact on our estimated future cash flows, we have continued to review our proved oil and gas properties for impairment. At December 31, 2015, our expected undiscounted future cash flows exceeded the carrying value of our proved oil and gas properties by $0.8 billion, or 74%. At June 30, 2016, our expected undiscounted future cash flows exceeded the carrying value of our proved oil and gas properties by $1.2 billion, or 112%. The key assumptions used to determine the undiscounted future cash flows include estimates of future production, future commodity pricing, differentials, net estimated operating costs, anticipated capital expenditures and new wells on production. Future commodity pricing for oil and NGLs is based on six-year and five-year West Texas Intermediate strip

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prices, which increased 11% from an average of $48.40/Bbl at December 31, 2015 to an average of $53.61/Bbl at June 30, 2016, and on six-year and five-year Henry Hub strip prices, which increased 9% from an average of $2.70/MMBtu at December 31, 2015 to an average of $2.94/MMBtu at June 30, 2016. As part of our year-end reserves estimation process, we expect changes in the key assumptions used, which could be significant, including updates to future production estimates to align with our anticipated five-year drilling plan and changes in our differentials, capital costs and operating expense assumptions, which we expect to decrease further as a result of sustained lower commodity prices. Therefore, even if forward commodity prices remain at current levels, we are unable to quantify the amount of impairment of our proved oil and natural gas properties, if any, at this time until our year-end reserves estimation process is complete.

Impairment of Unproved Oil and Gas Properties

        Unproved oil and gas properties consist of costs to acquire unevaluated leases as well as costs to acquire unproved reserves. We evaluate significant unproved oil and gas properties for impairment based on remaining lease term, drilling results, reservoir performance, seismic interpretation or future plans to develop acreage. When successful wells are drilled on undeveloped leaseholds, unproved property costs are reclassified to proved properties and depleted on a unit-of-production basis. Impairment expense for unproved properties is reported in exploration expenses in the statements of operations. We recognized $2.9 million and $4.5 million in impairment expense for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, attributable to the abandonment and impairment of unproved properties.

Commodity Derivative Instruments

        We have entered into commodity derivative instruments, as described below. We have utilized swaps, put options, and call options to reduce the effect of price changes on a portion of our future oil and natural gas production.

        A swap has an established fixed price. When the settlement price is below the fixed price, the counterparty pays us an amount equal to the difference between the settlement price and the fixed price multiplied by the hedged contract volume. When the settlement price is above the fixed price, we pay our counterparty an amount equal to the difference between the settlement price and the fixed price multiplied by the hedged contract volume.

        A put option has an established floor price. The buyer of the put option pays the seller a premium to enter into the put option. When the settlement price is below the floor price, the seller pays the buyer an amount equal to the difference between the settlement price and the strike price multiplied by the hedged contract volume. When the settlement price is above the floor price, the put option expires worthless. Some of our purchased put options have deferred premiums. For the deferred premium puts, we agree to pay a premium to the counterparty at the time of settlement.

        A call option has an established ceiling price. The buyer of the call option pays the seller a premium to enter into the call option. When the settlement price is above the ceiling price, the seller pays the buyer an amount equal to the difference between the settlement price and the strike price multiplied by the hedged contract volume. When the settlement price is below the ceiling price, the call option expires worthless.

        We combine swaps, purchased put options, sold put options, and sold call options in order to achieve various hedging strategies. Some examples of our hedging strategies are collars which include purchased put options and sold call options, three-way collars which include purchased put options, sold put options, and sold call options, and enhanced swaps, which include either sold put options or sold call options with the associated premiums rolled into an enhanced fixed price swap.

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        The objective of our use of commodity derivative instruments is to achieve more predictable cash flows in an environment of volatile oil and gas prices and to manage its exposure to commodity price risk. While the use of these commodity derivative instruments limits the downside risk of adverse price movements, such use may also limit our ability to benefit from favorable price movements. We may, from time to time, add incremental derivatives to hedge additional production, restructure existing derivative contracts or enter into new transactions to modify the terms of current contracts in order to realize the current value of our existing positions. We do not enter into derivative contracts for speculative purposes.

        The commodity derivative instruments are measured at fair value and are included in the accompanying balance sheets as commodity derivative assets. We have not designated any of the derivative contracts as fair value or cash flow hedges. Therefore, we do not apply hedge accounting to the commodity derivative instruments. Net gains and losses on commodity derivative instruments are recorded based on the changes in the fair values of the derivative instruments. Net gains and losses on commodity derivative instruments are recorded in the commodity derivative gain (loss) line on the statements of operations. Our cash flow is only impacted when the actual settlements under the commodity derivative contracts result in making or receiving a payment to or from the counterparty. These settlements under the commodity derivative contracts are reflected as operating activities in our statements of cash flows.

        Our valuation estimate takes into consideration the counterparties' credit worthiness, our credit worthiness, and the time value of money. The consideration of the factors result in an estimated exit-price for each derivative asset or liability under a market place participant's view. Management believes that this approach provides a reasonable, non-biased, verifiable, and consistent methodology for valuing commodity derivative instruments. Please see "—Sales Volumes—Derivative Arrangements."

Accounting for Business Combinations

        We account for all of our business combinations using the purchase method, which is the only method permitted under FASB ASC Topic 805, Business Combinations, and involves the use of significant judgment. In connection with a business combination, the acquiring company must allocate the cost of the acquisition to assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on fair values as of the acquisition date. Any excess or shortage of amounts assigned to assets and liabilities over or under the purchase price is recorded as a gain on bargain purchase or goodwill. The amount of goodwill or gain on bargain purchase recorded in any particular business combination can vary significantly depending upon the values attributed to assets acquired and liabilities assumed.

        In estimating the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination, we make various assumptions. The most significant assumptions relate to the estimated fair values assigned to proved and unproved oil and gas properties. If sufficient market data is not available regarding the fair values of proved and unproved properties, we must prepare estimates. To estimate the fair values of these properties, we prepare estimates of gas, oil and NGL reserves. We estimate future prices to apply to the estimated reserves quantities acquired and estimate future operating and development costs to arrive at estimates of future net cash flows. For estimated proved reserves, the future net cash flows are discounted using a market-based weighted average cost of capital rate determined appropriate at the time of the acquisition. The market-based weighted average cost of capital rate is subjected to additional project-specific risking factors. To compensate for the inherent risk of estimating and valuing unproved reserves, when a discounted cash flow model is used, the discounted future net cash flows of probable and possible reserves are reduced by additional risk factors. In some instances, market comparable information of recent transactions is used to estimate fair value of unproved acreage.

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        Estimated fair values assigned to assets acquired can have a significant effect on results of operations in the future. A higher fair value assigned to a property results in higher DD&A expense, which results in lower net earnings. Fair values are based on estimates of future commodity prices, reserves quantities, operating expenses and development costs. This increases the likelihood of impairment if future commodity prices or reserves quantities are lower than those originally used to determine fair value, or if future operating expenses or development costs are higher than those originally used to determine fair value. Impairment would have no effect on cash flows but would result in a decrease in net income for the period in which the impairment is recorded.

Asset Retirement Obligations

        Our asset retirement obligations ("ARO") consist of estimated future costs associated with the plugging and abandonment of oil, natural gas and NGL wells, removal of equipment and facilities from leased acreage and land restoration in accordance with applicable local, state and federal laws. The fair value of an ARO liability is required to be recognized in the period in which it is incurred, with the associated asset retirement cost capitalized as part of the carrying cost of the oil and gas asset. The recognition of an ARO requires that management make numerous assumptions regarding such factors as the estimated probabilities, amounts and timing of settlements; the credit-adjusted risk-free discount rate to be used; inflation rates; and future advances in technology. In periods subsequent to the initial measurement of the ARO, we must recognize period-to-period changes in the liability resulting from the passage of time and revisions to either the timing or the amount of the original estimate of undiscounted cash flows. Increases in the ARO liability due to the passage of time impact net income as accretion expense. The related capitalized cost, including revisions thereto, is charged to expense through DD&A over the life of the oil and gas property.

Revenue Recognition

        Revenues from the sale of oil, natural gas and NGL are recognized when the product is delivered at a fixed or determinable price, title has transferred, and collectability is reasonably assured and evidenced by a contract. We recognize revenues from the sale of oil, natural gas and NGL using the sales method of accounting, whereby revenue is recorded based on the our share of volume sold, regardless of whether we have taken our proportional share of volume produced. A receivable or liability is recognized only to the extent that we have an imbalance on a specific property greater than the expected remaining proved reserves. We receive payment one to three months after delivery. At the end of each month, we estimate the amount of production delivered to purchasers and the price we will receive. Variances between our estimates and the actual amounts received are recorded in the month payment is received. A 10% change in our June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 revenue accrual would have impacted total operating revenues by approximately $2.2 million and $1.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and the year ended December 31, 2015, respectively.

Unit-Based Payments

        We and PRI, on our behalf, granted restricted unit awards ("RUAs") to certain of our employees and non-employee consultants, which therefore required us to recognize the expense in our financial statements. All unit-based payments to employees are measured at fair value on the grant date and expensed over the relevant service period. Unit-based payments to non-employees are measured at fair value at each financial reporting date and expensed over the period of performance, such that aggregate expense recognized is equal to the fair value of the RUAs on the date performance is completed. All unit-based payment expense is recognized using the straight-line method and is included within general and administrative expenses in the statements of operations.

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Income Taxes

        Prior to our conversion into a corporation in connection with this offering, we were organized as a Delaware limited liability company and were treated as a flow-through entity for U.S. federal and state income tax purposes. As a result, our net taxable income and any related tax credits were passed through to the members and were included in their tax returns even though such net taxable income or tax credits may not have actually been distributed.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

        The accounting standard-setting organizations frequently issue new or revised accounting rules. We regularly review new pronouncements to determine their impact, if any, on our financial statements.

        In March 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2016-09, which simplifies the accounting for share-based payment award transactions, including: (a) income tax consequences; (b) classification of awards as either equity or liabilities; and (c) classification on the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-09 is effective for public companies for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted in any interim period or annual period with any adjustment reflected as of the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption. We are currently evaluating this new standard to determine the potential impact to our financial statements and related disclosures.

        In March 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-06, which clarifies the requirements to assess whether an embedded put or call option is clearly and closely related to the debt host, solely in accordance with the four-step decision sequence in FASB ASC Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, as amended by ASU 2016-06. This standard is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2016 and should be applied using a modified retrospective approach. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of adopting ASU 2016-06, however the standard is not expected to have a significant effect on our consolidated financial statements.

        In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, which requires lessee recognition on the balance sheet of a right-of-use asset and a lease liability, initially measured at the present value of the lease payments. It further requires recognition in the income statement of a single lease cost, calculated so that the cost of the lease is allocated over the lease term on a generally straight-line basis. Finally, it requires classification of all cash payments within operating activities in the statement of cash flows. It is effective for fiscal years commencing after December 15, 2018 and early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact this new standard will have on our financial statements.

        In September 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-16. This ASU eliminates the requirement to retrospectively apply measurement-period adjustments made to provisional amounts recognized in a business combination. The accounting update also requires an entity to present separately on the face of the income statement, or disclose in the notes, the portion of the amount recorded in current-period earnings, by line item, that would have been recorded in previous reporting periods if the adjustment to the estimated amounts had been recognized as of the acquisition date. ASU 2015-16 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2015. This standard should be applied prospectively, and early adoption is permitted. We have elected early adoption for our year end December 31, 2015 financial statements. The adoption of this standard did not have a significant impact on our financial statements.

        In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-11, which updates the authoritative guidance for inventory, specifically that inventory should be valued at each reporting period at the lower of cost or net realizable value. This guidance is effective for the annual period beginning after December 15,

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2016; early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of this new standard; however, we do not expect adoption to have a material impact on our financial statements.

        In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-03, with an objective to simplify the presentation of debt issuance costs in financial statements by presenting such costs in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the related debt liability rather than as an asset. Effective January 1, 2016, we adopted ASU No. 2015-03 on a retrospective basis. FASB ASU No. 2015-03 should be applied retrospectively and represent a change in accounting principle. Accordingly, we reclassified $12.3 million of debt issuance costs related to our second lien notes at December 31, 2015 from the debt issuance costs, net of amortization line item to the second lien notes, net of unamortized debt discount line item. As a result, the line items below from our audited historical balance sheet as of December 31, 2015 were adjusted in our unaudited historical balance sheet as of June 30, 2016 as a result of the adoption of ASU 2015-03 as follows (in thousands):

 
  As of December 31, 2015  
 
  As Reported   As Adjusted  

Debt issuance costs, net of amortization

  $ 14,196     N/A  

Other non-current assets

    N/A   $ 1,846  

Total Non-Current Assets

  $ 18,044   $ 5,694  

Total Assets

  $ 1,646,490   $ 1,634,140  

Second Lien Notes, net of unamortized debt discount

  $ 425,140     N/A  

Second Lien Notes, net of unamortized debt discount and debt issuance costs

    N/A   $ 412,790  

Total Non-Current Liabilities

  $ 721,916   $ 709,566  

Total Liabilities

  $ 892,258   $ 879,908  

Total Liabilities and Members' Equity

  $ 1,646,490   $ 1,634,140  

        In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-15, which amends ASU 2015-03 which had not addressed the balance sheet presentation of debt issuance costs incurred in connection with line-of-credit arrangements. Under ASU 2015-15, we may defer debt issuance costs associated with line-of-credit arrangements and present such costs as an asset, subsequently amortizing the deferred debt issuance costs ratably over the term of the line-of-credit arrangement, regardless of whether there are any outstanding borrowings. ASU 2015-15 is consistent with how we currently account for debt issuance costs related to our revolving credit facility.

        In November 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-16, which updates authoritative guidance for derivatives and hedging instruments, specifically in determining whether the host contract in a hybrid financial instrument issued in the form of a share is more akin to debt or to equity. This guidance is effective for the annual period beginning after December 15, 2015; early adoption is permitted. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on our financial statements.

        In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-15, with an objective to provide guidance on management's responsibility to evaluate whether there is substantial doubt about a company's ability to continue as a going concern and to provide related footnote disclosures. ASU 2014-15 is effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2016, and annual and interim periods thereafter. This standard is not expected to have an impact on our financial statements.

        In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, which establishes a comprehensive new revenue recognition model designed to depict the transfer of goods or services to a customer in an amount that reflects the consideration the entity expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. The ASU allows for the use of either the full or modified retrospective transition method. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-14, which deferred ASU No. 2014-09 for one year, and is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim reporting periods within

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that reporting period. Earlier application is permitted only as of reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016. We are currently evaluating the impact of this new standard on our financial statements, as well as which transition method we intend to use.

        There are no other accounting standards applicable to us that have been issued but not yet adopted as of June 30, 2016, and through the date the financial statements were available to be issued that would have a material impact on our financial statements.

Inflation

        Inflation in the United States has been relatively low in recent years and did not have a material impact on our results of operations for the years ended 2015 and 2014 or for the six months ended June 30, 2016. Although the impact of inflation has been insignificant in recent years, it is still a factor in the United States economy and we tend to experience inflationary pressure on the cost of oilfield services and equipment as increasing oil and gas prices increase drilling activity in our areas of operations. Given the recent decline in oil, natural gas and NGL prices, we would anticipate that costs of materials and services would also decline.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

        Currently, we do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements.

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BUSINESS

Overview

        We are an independent oil and gas company focused on the acquisition, development and production of oil, natural gas and NGL reserves in the Rocky Mountains, primarily in the Wattenberg Field of the DJ Basin of Colorado. The Wattenberg Field has been producing since the 1970s and is a premier North American oil and natural gas basin characterized by high recoveries relative to drilling and completion costs, high initial production rates, long reserve life and multiple stacked producing horizons. We have assembled, as of June 30, 2016, approximately 100,000 net acres of large, contiguous acreage blocks in some of the most productive areas of the Wattenberg Field as indicated by the results of our horizontal drilling program and the results of offset operators. These properties have extensive production histories, high drilling success rates, and significant horizontal development potential. We believe our acreage in the Wattenberg Field has been significantly delineated by our own drilling success and by the success of offset operators, providing confidence that our inventory is relatively low-risk, repeatable and will continue to generate economic returns. We are primarily focused on growing our proved reserves and production primarily through the development of our large inventory of identified liquids-rich horizontal drilling locations in the Wattenberg Field.

        We were founded in November 2012 with the objective of becoming a pure-play Wattenberg company focusing on acreage with (i) low development risk as a result of being within the vicinity of other successful wells drilled by other oil and gas companies, (ii) limited vertical well drainage relative to offset operators in a field with significant historical vertical activity, and (iii) higher oil content than was traditionally targeted when many operators first established their position in the field seeking natural gas production. We believe these characteristics enhance our horizontal production capabilities, recoveries and economic results. Our drilling economics are further enhanced by our ability to drill longer laterals due to our large contiguous acreage position, which our management team built through organic leasing and a series of strategic acquisitions. We operated 95% of our horizontal production for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and maintain control of a large majority of our drilling inventory. In addition, we proactively seek to secure the necessary midstream and operational infrastructure to keep pace with our production growth.

        As of July 31, 2016, we have drilled 259 gross one-mile equivalent horizontal wells and have completed 230 gross one-mile equivalent horizontal wells. We are currently running a two-rig program, and retain the flexibility to adjust our rig count based on the commodity price environment. We have demonstrated our ability to manage a drilling program of larger size, operating four rigs as recently as the first quarter of 2015. Due to significant improvements in our drilling efficiency since late 2014, each of our rigs is currently able to drill over twice as many wells per year as we were previously able to drill. Our estimated average net daily production during the month ended July 31, 2016 was approximately 37,328 BOE/d. The charts below demonstrate the substantial growth in our average net daily production and well count since the second quarter of 2014.

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Average Net
Daily Production (BOE/d)

 

Wells Drilled and Completed(1)


GRAPHIC

 


GRAPHIC


(1)
Reflects one-mile equivalent wells drilled or completed by us.

(2)
Reflects 27,121 BOE/d attributable to our historically owned properties and 10,207 BOE/d attributable to the Bayswater Assets.

        The following table provides summary information regarding our proved reserves as of June 30, 2016, and our estimated average net daily production during the month ended July 31, 2016.

Estimated Total Proved Reserves(1)    
   
 
  Average
Net
Production
(BOE/d)(1)(3)
   
 
Oil
(MBbls)
  Natural
Gas
(MMcf)
  NGL
(MBbls)
  Total
(MBoe)
  %
Oil
  %
Liquids(2)
  %
Developed
  R/P Ratio
(Years)(4)
 
  79,111     365,702     47,227     187,288     42 %   67 %   23 %   37,328     13.7  

(1)
Includes de minimis reserves and production attributable to properties in our Northern Extension Area. Please see "—Other Properties."

(2)
Includes both oil and NGL.

(3)
Estimated average net daily production. Consisted of approximately 51% oil, 30% natural gas and 19% NGL.

(4)
Represents the number of years proved reserves would last assuming production continued at the average rate for the month ended July 31, 2016. Because production rates naturally decline over time, the R/P Ratio is not a useful estimate of how long properties should economically produce.

        Our management team has significant experience in the Wattenberg Field. Our management team members were key participants in the shift from vertical to horizontal drilling that recently occurred during their tenures at key Wattenberg operators, such as Anadarko Petroleum, Noble Energy, PDC Energy and others. Our management and technical teams have collectively participated in the drilling of over 500 horizontal wells in the Niobrara and Codell formations in the Wattenberg Field. To date, we have focused our horizontal drilling program primarily in the Niobrara and Codell formations; however, based on results from our horizontal drilling program and those of offset operators such as Anadarko Petroleum and Noble Energy, we believe significant development opportunities exist in the J-Sand, Greenhorn and Sussex formations as well as via additional downspacing in the Niobrara formation, which are not captured in the inventory numbers below. As of June 30, 2016, we had a drilling inventory consisting of 3,510 gross (2,236 net) identified locations within the Wattenberg Field,

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as adjusted to one-mile equivalents. The table below sets forth a summary of our identified gross horizontal drilling locations in the Wattenberg Field by target zone as of June 30, 2016.

 
  Identified Gross Horizontal Drilling Locations(1)(2)(3)    
 
Net
Acreage(4)
  Horizontal Drilling
Inventory (Years)(7)
 
  Niobrara   Codell   Total(5)(6)  
  100,000     2,134     1,376     3,510     19  

(1)
As adjusted for lateral length to present one-mile equivalents (approximately 4,200 feet). Please see "Business—Drilling Locations" for more information regarding the process and criteria through which these drilling locations were identified. The drilling locations on which we actually drill will depend on the availability of capital, regulatory approvals, takeaway capacity, commodity prices, costs, actual drilling results and other factors. Any drilling activities we are able to conduct on these identified locations may not be successful and may not result in the addition of proved reserves to our existing proved reserves base. See "Risk Factors—Risks Related to the Oil, Natural Gas and NGL Industry and Our Business—Our identified drilling locations are scheduled over many years, making them susceptible to uncertainties that could materially alter the occurrence or timing of their drilling. In addition, we may not be able to raise the substantial amount of capital that would be necessary to drill such locations."

(2)
Excludes 89 drilled but uncompleted one-mile equivalent wells as of June 30, 2016, 53 of which are attributable to the Bayswater Assets.

(3)
As adjusted to give effect to 90 gross drilling locations from the Bayswater Assets.

(4)
As of June 30, 2016. Approximate net acreage represents only our oil and gas properties in the Wattenberg Field and does not include the approximately 124,000 net acres associated with our Northern Extension Area. We have not identified any drilling locations at this time on our Northern Extension Area. Please see "—Other Properties."

(5)
Includes 853 identified drilling locations associated with proved undeveloped reserves as of June 30, 2016, as adjusted for lateral length to present one-mile equivalents (approximately 4,200 feet).

(6)
If converted to 1.5-mile equivalent locations (approximately 6,800 feet), we would have an estimated 2,340 identified gross horizontal drilling locations. If converted to 2.0-mile equivalent locations (approximately 9,400 feet), we would have an estimated 1,755 identified gross horizontal drilling locations.

(7)
Based on a continuous two-rig drilling program and a four day spud-to-spud drilling time.

        Based on the results of our horizontal drilling program, and as evidenced by our 30-day, 90-day and 180-day production rates as shown in the table below, we believe our wells are among the most productive in the Wattenberg Field.

 
   
   
  30-day    
  90-day    
  180-day  
 
   
   
  Oil
(Bbl)
  Gas
(Mcf)
  NGL
(Bbl)
  Equivalent
(BOE)
   
  Oil
(Bbl)
  Gas
(Mcf)
  NGL
(Bbl)
  Equivalent
(BOE)
   
  Oil
(Bbl)
  Gas
(Mcf)
  NGL
(Bbl)
  Equivalent
(BOE)
 
Rate per 6,800 ft lateral
cumulative
  Wells    
   
   
 

Codell

    62         14,812     18,625     2,485     20,406         39,183     64,787     8,660     58,650         67,947     138,355     18,364     109,382  

Niobrara

    97         13,168     15,987     2,070     17,906         37,339     59,425     7,658     54,907         61,113     116,760     15,008     95,589  

Average Daily 6,800 ft equivalent (Boe/d)

                                                                                           

Codell

              494     621     83     680         435     720     96     652         377     769     102     608  

Niobrara

              439     533     69     597         415     660     85     610         340     649     83     531  

Note:
Averages based on 97 operated Niobrara wells and 62 operated Codell wells that had at least 30 days of production history as of June 30, 2016. Excludes information related to one well drilled in the J-Sand formation, one well drilled by a previous operator and four exploratory wells. Production data normalized to 1.5 mile (approximately 6,800 feet) equivalents and adjusted for operational downtime. Average data based on average of all operating wells normalized to 6,800 feet. For more information on our drilling results, please see "—Drilling Results."

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        The table below details certain information on estimated ultimate recoveries and production for our horizontal wells producing in the Wattenberg Field by operating area and by target zone.

 
   
   
  Producing Wells    
   
   
   
  Reserve Report Flow
Rates
   
   
 
 
   
   
  EUR    
  180-day Cumulative Production    
   
 
 
   
   
   
  BOE/D    
   
 
 
  Completion
Date
  Lateral
Length
(Feet)
   
   
   
   
  %
Oil
  %
Gas
  %
NGL
  MBOE /
1,000'
   
  %
Oil
  %
Gas
  %
NGL
  D&C
($MM)
  D&C
($/Foot)
 
Pad (Well) Name
  MBOE   Oil   Gas   NGL   MBOE   30-day   90-day   180-day  

Codell Formation:

                                                                                                                   

Rancho Water Valley 11

    4/11/2013     3,977     317     171     492     64     54 %   26 %   20 %   80     83     63 %   21 %   16 %   591     515     460   $ 4.3   $ 1,075  

Rancho Water Valley 13

    4/28/2013     4,178     196     106     303     39     54 %   26 %   20 %   47     101     61 %   22 %   17 %   652     631     563   $ 4.3   $ 1,022  

Pavistma South 2

    11/8/2013     4,278     220     117     348     45     53 %   26 %   21 %   51     80     70 %   17 %   13 %   510     415     442   $ 4.5   $ 1,045  

Pavistma South 4

    11/8/2013     4,649     542     289     853     111     53 %   26 %   20 %   117     74     73 %   15 %   12 %   526     449     411   $ 4.5   $ 962  

Frye Farms 13

    12/9/2013     4,173     442     144     1,004     131     32 %   38 %   30 %   106     65     62 %   21 %   16 %   338     368     362   $ 4.3   $ 1,024  

Pavistma North 10

    1/15/2014     9,284     769     430     1,142     149     56 %   25 %   19 %   83     130     74 %   15 %   11 %   778     789     724   $ 6.7   $ 722  

Pavistma North 7

    1/20/2014     9,235     788     274     1,733     226     35 %   37 %   29 %   85     139     69 %   18 %   13 %   857     818     771   $ 6.7   $ 726  

DT Habitat 2-5-6

    4/1/2014     7,012     872     323     1,827     244     37 %   35 %   28 %   124     154     44 %   31 %   24 %   876     924     856   $ 5.2   $ 745  

Diamond Valley East 1

    6/9/2014     4,246     346     193     514     67     56 %   25 %   19 %   82     75     66 %   19 %   15 %   492     457     415   $ 4.2   $ 989  

Diamond Valley East 4

    6/10/2014     4,265     226     140     289     38     62 %   21 %   17 %   53     75     66 %   19 %   15 %   481     444     415   $ 4.2   $ 985  

Diamond Valley East 10

    6/11/2014     4,242     547     269     938     122     49 %   29 %   22 %   129     68     69 %   18 %   14 %   456     415     377   $ 4.2   $ 990  

Diamond Valley East 7

    6/11/2014     4,317     223     130     312     41     58 %   23 %   18 %   52     73     66 %   19 %   15 %   479     447     408   $ 4.2   $ 973  

Rubyanna 13C-25W

    6/29/2014     4,220     519     202     1,066     139     39 %   34 %   27 %   123     63     70 %   17 %   13 %   450     397     352   $ 3.8   $ 891  

Rubyanna 13C-28W

    6/30/2014     4,183     282     113     569     74     40 %   34 %   26 %   67     63     67 %   19 %   14 %   500     411     351   $ 3.8   $ 899  

Rubyanna 13C-32W

    7/1/2014     4,330     433     161     914     119     37 %   35 %   28 %   100     73     65 %   20 %   15 %   584     472     407   $ 4.4   $ 1,020  

Rubyanna 13C-30W

    7/2/2014     4,229     153     75     260     34     49 %   28 %   22 %   36     67     65 %   20 %   15 %   545     445     372   $ 4.2   $ 983  

Kodak 4

    7/17/2014     4,225     178     119     199     26     67 %   19 %   15 %   42     89     69 %   18 %   14 %   685     612     495   $ 4.2   $ 994  

Kodak 8

    7/18/2014     4,237     150     99     169     22     66 %   19 %   15 %   35     71     64 %   20 %   16 %   525     470     393   $ 4.2   $ 991  

Kodak 12

    7/22/2014     4,235     414     269     488     64     65 %   20 %   15 %   98     73     63 %   21 %   16 %   545     469     407   $ 4.2   $ 992  

Raindance 3

    9/13/2014     4,213     292     112     607     79     38 %   35 %   27 %   69     60     69 %   18 %   14 %   333     347     332   $ 2.4   $ 568  

Raindance 6

    9/14/2014     4,164     252     85     561     73     34 %   37 %   29 %   60     43     63 %   21 %   16 %   163     222     238   $ 2.5   $ 602  

Raindance 8

    9/15/2014     4,213     201     125     254     33     62 %   21 %   16 %   48     70     70 %   17 %   13 %   431     418     390   $ 4.5   $ 1,076  

Hiner 36C-17W

    9/18/2014     4,245     501     135     1,233     161     27 %   41 %   32 %   118     63     42 %   33 %   25 %   195     349     350   $ 5.0   $ 1,183  

Hiner 36C-20W

    9/18/2014     4,244     419     95     1,091     142     23 %   43 %   34 %   99     86     34 %   37 %   29 %   473     552     477   $ 3.5   $ 836  

Hiner 36C-22W

    9/20/2014     4,263     279     86     649     85     31 %   39 %   30 %   65     85     41 %   33 %   26 %   409     519     473   $ 3.6   $ 852  

Hiner 36C-24W

    9/24/2014     3,677     560     158     1,353     176     28 %   40 %   31 %   152     59     43 %   32 %   25 %   357     341     330   $ 4.9   $ 1,342  

Rancho Water Valley 5

    12/12/2014     3,955     424     177     833     108     42 %   33 %   26 %   107     86     58 %   24 %   18 %   636     556     480   $ 4.5   $ 1,146  

Rancho Water Valley 8

    12/14/2014     4,008     561     139     1,422     185     25 %   42 %   33 %   140     73     58 %   24 %   18 %   525     457     408   $ 3.8   $ 952  

Rancho Water Valley 6

    12/15/2014     3,859     278     109     571     74     39 %   34 %   27 %   72     57     60 %   22 %   17 %   378     343     315   $ 3.9   $ 1,000  

Nelson Farms 1

    3/28/2015     7,088     261     181     269     35     69 %   17 %   13 %   37     82     77 %   13 %   10 %   502     466     456   $ 5.8   $ 822  

Nelson Farms 4

    3/28/2015     7,287     150     83     229     30     55 %   25 %   20 %   21     42     72 %   16 %   12 %   334     314     235   $ 5.7   $ 781  

Windsor LV F-14H

    4/7/2015     4,255     527     226     1,012     132     43 %   32 %   25 %   124     93     65 %   20 %   15 %   625     589     518   $ 3.3   $ 784  

Nelson Farms 7

    4/10/2015     7,116     261     172     302     39     66 %   19 %   15 %   37     80     74 %   15 %   11 %   407     492     443   $ 4.8   $ 671  

Windsor LV B-14H

    4/11/2015     3,979     426     155     915     119     36 %   36 %   28 %   107     60     65 %   20 %   15 %   439     444     333   $ 4.5   $ 1,139  

Windsor LV D-14H

    4/11/2015     3,951     291     108     615     80     37 %   35 %   28 %   74     63     68 %   18 %   14 %   508     443     348   $ 3.3   $ 835  

Diamond Valley East 13

    5/8/2015     9,396     1,096     593     1,693     220     54 %   26 %   20 %   117     153     76 %   14 %   10 %   810     893     850   $ 6.7   $ 714  

Kodak 2

    5/30/2015     4,831     572     320     852     111     56 %   25 %   19 %   118     98     68 %   18 %   14 %   595     596     545   $ 3.9   $ 804  

Thornton 12

    7/20/2015     9,417     269     168     341     44     62 %   21 %   17 %   29     62     76 %   14 %   10 %   490     447     344   $ 6.1   $ 650  

Thornton 9

    7/20/2015     9,346     362     234     429     56     65 %   20 %   15 %   39     70     79 %   12 %   9 %   509     435     389   $ 6.4   $ 688  

Thornton 3

    7/29/2015     9,311     333     226     363     47     68 %   18 %   14 %   36     69     77 %   13 %   10 %   461     435     385   $ 6.1   $ 655  

Thornton 6

    7/29/2015     9,393     214     161     177     23     75 %   14 %   11 %   23     65     79 %   12 %   9 %   455     388     362   $ 6.6   $ 703  

Wind 3

    7/29/2015     4,249     457     162     1,014     125     36 %   37 %   27 %   107     91     53 %   24 %   24 %   772     630     504   $ 3.4   $ 804  

Wind 6

    7/29/2015     4,313     436     117     1,100     136     27 %   42 %   31 %   101     90     46 %   27 %   27 %   777     630     501   $ 3.3   $ 756  

Wind 9

    7/29/2015     4,312     444     146     1,026     127     33 %   39 %   29 %   103     88     51 %   25 %   25 %   772     622     491   $ 3.0   $ 700  

Wind 12

    8/2/2015     4,289     310     128     628     78     41 %   34 %   25 %   72     68     52 %   24 %   24 %   617     480     379   $ 2.9   $ 667  

Winder 4

    9/3/2015     9,561     771     544     768     100     70 %   17 %   13 %   81     146     77 %   13 %   10 %   1,028     921     811   $ 5.4   $ 564  

Troudt 6

    10/5/2015     9,579     951     370     2,002     247     39 %   35 %   26 %   99     NA     NA     NA     NA     1,034     957     NA   $ 4.8   $ 498  

Troudt 2

    10/19/2015     10,057     980     455     1,810     224     46 %   31 %   23 %   97     NA     NA     NA     NA     1,104     1,002     NA   $ 4.8   $ 474  

Troudt 4

    10/20/2015     9,577     908     397     1,763     218     44 %   32 %   24 %   95     NA     NA     NA     NA     1,103     960     NA   $ 5.9   $ 620  

Waag 1

    10/26/2015     4,361     66     48     61     8     73 %   15 %   12 %   15     NA     NA     NA     NA     224     199     NA   $ 3.2   $ 731  

Waag 4

    10/28/2015     4,331     122     87     120     16     71 %   16 %   13 %   28     NA     NA     NA     NA     206     NA     NA   $ 3.0   $ 684  

Waag 7

    11/3/2015     4,248     53     37     55     7     69 %   17 %   14 %   12     NA     NA     NA     NA     258     192     NA   $ 3.2   $ 763  

Waag 10

    11/5/2015     4,323     48     32     53     7     67 %   19 %   14 %   11     NA     NA     NA     NA     257     NA     NA   $ 2.7   $ 619  

Waag 13

    11/7/2015     4,404     168     111     191     25     66 %   19 %   15 %   38     NA     NA     NA     NA     324     NA     NA   $ 2.6   $ 588  

Waag 16

    11/10/2015     4,385     89     44     154     20     49 %   29 %   22 %   20     NA     NA     NA     NA     312     NA     NA   $ 2.2   $ 509  

Waag 22

    11/12/2015     4,323     93     48     153     20     51 %   27 %   21 %   22     NA     NA     NA     NA     276     219     NA   $ 2.7   $ 621  

Waag 25

    11/15/2015     4,369     65     54     35     5     84 %   9 %   7 %   15     NA     NA     NA     NA     258     172     NA   $ 2.7   $ 619  

Waag 19

    11/19/2015     4,409     125     84     137     18     67 %   18 %   14 %   28     NA     NA     NA     NA     283     258     NA   $ 3.1   $ 696  

DT Martinez C5-5-6

    1/15/2016     7,014     926     258     2,224     298     28 %   40 %   32 %   132     NA     NA     NA     NA     482     661     NA   $ 4.5   $ 637  

DT Habitat C4-5-6

    1/15/2016     3,502     529     160     1,228     164     30 %   39 %   31 %   151     NA     NA     NA     NA     388     NA     NA   $ 8.7   $ 2,473  

DT Forbes C6-5-6

    1/15/2016     6,998     944     246     2,324     311     26 %   41 %   33 %   135     NA     NA     NA     NA     565     693     NA   $ 3.4   $ 481  

DT Forbes C7-5-6

    1/15/2016     6,943     833     232     2,000     268     28 %   40 %   32 %   120     NA     NA     NA     NA     419     579     NA   $ 3.4   $ 487  

Average Codell:

    62     5,472     411     181     775     100     49 %   29 %   22 %   76     81     64 %   20 %   16 %   522     512     449   $ 4.3   $ 836  

6,800 ft Equivalent:

                514     221     988     128     49 %   29 %   22 %   76     109     64 %   20 %   16 %   680     652     608   $ 5.7   $ 836  

Niobrara Formation:

                                                                                                                   

Pavistma South 1

    11/8/2013     4,245     130     79     172     22     61 %   22 %   17 %   31     52     70 %   17 %   13 %   199     328     289   $ 4.5   $ 1,054  

Pavistma South 3

    11/8/2013     4,200     119     86     111     14     72 %   16 %   12 %   28     47     71 %   16 %   13 %   441     351     261   $ 4.5   $ 1,065  

Pavistma South 5

    11/8/2013     4,348     175     132     146     19     75 %   14 %   11 %   40     63     71 %   17 %   13 %   472     415     351   $ 4.5   $ 1,029  

Frye Farms 9

    12/11/2013     4,173     111     77     114     15     69 %   17 %   13 %   27     58     67 %   19 %   14 %   551     433     324   $ 4.3   $ 1,030  

Frye Farms 10

    12/13/2013     4,183     140     96     149     19     68 %   18 %   14 %   33     68     67 %   18 %   14 %   644     498     376   $ 4.3   $ 1,027  

DT Habitat 1-5-6

    4/1/2014     7,024     832     393     1,463     196     47 %   29 %   24 %   118     163     61 %   22 %   17 %   957     979     906   $ 5.2   $ 743  

DT Habitat 3-5-6

    4/1/2014     6,990     739     330     1,363     182     45 %   31 %   25 %   106     145     59 %   23 %   18 %   879     897     808   $ 5.3   $ 762  

DT Habitat 4-5-6

    4/1/2014     7,018     559     260     995     133     47 %   30 %   24 %   80     134     58 %   24 %   18 %   850     833     744   $ 5.2   $ 746  

DT Habitat 5-5-6

    4/1/2014     7,049     661     317     1,145     153     48 %   29 %   23 %   94     145     60 %   23 %   17 %   905     905     806   $ 5.3   $ 757  

DT Forbes 5-5-6

    6/1/2014     6,997     991     483     1,691     226     49 %   28 %   23 %   142     176     57 %   25 %   19 %   947     1,040     977   $ 5.2   $ 748  

Diamond Valley East 11

    6/12/2014     4,284     190     126     215     28     66 %   19 %   15 %   44     71     70 %   17 %   13 %   520     462     393   $ 4.2   $ 981  

Rubyanna 13NB-29W

    7/8/2014     4,245     287     135     511     67     47 %   30 %   23 %   68     65     69 %   17 %   13 %   483     432     360   $ 4.6   $ 1,075  

Rubyanna 13NB-31W

    7/8/2014     4,338     216     118     330     43     55 %   25 %   20 %   50     69     67 %   19 %   14 %   511     459     381   $ 4.1   $ 943  

Rubyanna 13NC-26W

    7/13/2014     4,243     121     77     148     19     64 %   20 %   16 %   29     53     71 %   16 %   12 %   379     352     295   $ 4.3   $ 1,008  

Rubyanna 13NB-27W

    7/15/2014     4,260     395     189     694     90     48 %   29 %   23 %   93     75     70 %   17 %   13 %   522     473     418   $ 4.8   $ 1,126  

Kodak 11

    7/25/2014     4,227     146     102     148     19     70 %   17 %   13 %   35     69     73 %   16 %   12 %   499     431     385   $ 4.2   $ 994  

CS Scott 1-1-12

    8/5/2014     7,238     690     272     1,392     186     39 %   34 %   27 %   95     110     54 %   26 %   20 %   883     785     611   $ 7.0   $ 961  

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Table of Contents

 
   
   
  Producing Wells    
   
   
   
  Reserve Report Flow
Rates
   
   
 
 
   
   
  EUR    
  180-day Cumulative Production    
   
 
 
   
   
   
  BOE/D    
   
 
 
  Completion
Date
  Lateral
Length
(Feet)
   
   
   
   
  %
Oil
  %
Gas
  %
NGL
  MBOE /
1,000'
   
  %
Oil
  %
Gas
  %
NGL
  D&C
($MM)
  D&C
($/Foot)
 
Pad (Well) Name
  MBOE   Oil   Gas   NGL   MBOE   30-day   90-day   180-day  

CS Scott 2-2-12

    8/7/2014     7,360     832     332     1,663     222     40 %   33 %   27 %   113     116     54 %   26 %   20 %   845     839     645   $ 7.0   $ 945  

CS Kinkade 5-1-12

    8/9/2014     8,614     687     273     1,379     185     40 %   33 %   27 %   80     115     52 %   27 %   21 %   868     846     639   $ 7.8   $ 902  

Raindance 7

    9/16/2014     9,416     611     329     948     123     54 %   26 %   20 %   65     108     73 %   15 %   12 %   636     636     599   $ 7.5   $ 796  

Raindance 2

    9/17/2014     9,391     556     265     981     128     48 %   29 %   23 %   59     122     76 %   14 %   11 %   626     710     678   $ 6.6   $ 699  

Raindance 5

    9/17/2014     9,327     405     171     790     103     42 %   32 %   25 %   43     97     72 %   16 %   12 %   440     515     537   $ 7.8   $ 836  

Hiner 36NB-23W

    9/23/2014     3,982     517     224     989     129     43 %   32 %   25 %   130     114     59 %   23 %   18 %   620     718     632   $ 4.5   $ 1,128  

Raindance 4

    9/25/2014     9,363     608     263     1,159     151     43 %   32 %   25 %   65     114     76 %   14 %   10 %   464     636     635   $ 7.0   $ 744  

Hiner 36NC-18W

    10/2/2014     4,220     236     116     406     53     49 %   29 %   22 %   56     94     57 %   24 %   19 %   714     651     522   $ 3.9   $ 922  

Hiner 36 NB-19W

    10/4/2014     4,338     446     182     888     116     41 %   33 %   26 %   103     91     58 %   24 %   18 %   578     583     503   $ 4.3   $ 987  

Hiner 36NB-21W

    10/6/2014     4,175     471     192     940     122     41 %   33 %   26 %   113     104     57 %   25 %   19 %   652     693     577   $ 4.2   $ 997  

Pavistma North 9

    10/18/2014     9,286     420     188     783     102     45 %   31 %   24 %   45     86     70 %   17 %   13 %   540     500     478   $ 8.0   $ 859  

Pavistma North 11

    10/23/2014     9,250     436     183     853     111     42 %   33 %   25 %   47     115     69 %   17 %   13 %   669     675     637   $ 7.3   $ 793  

Pavistma North 12

    10/23/2014     9,264     584     234     1,179     154     40 %   34 %   26 %   63     109     71 %   17 %   13 %   661     625     603   $ 8.3   $ 899  

Frye Farms 12

    10/30/2014     6,732     188     92     323     42     49 %   29 %   22 %   28     48     64 %   20 %   15 %   299     298     268   $ 6.6   $ 981  

Frye Farms 8

    11/1/2014     4,961     289     112     597     78     39 %   34 %   27 %   58     72     66 %   19 %   15 %   496     471     397   $ 5.1   $ 1,022  

Frye Farms 7

    11/4/2014     6,660     370     162     697     91     44 %   31 %   25 %   55     74     73 %   15 %   12 %   538     470     409   $ 6.4   $ 962  

Pavistma North 6

    11/5/2014     4,728     132     63     230     30     48 %   29 %   23 %   28     40     64 %   21 %   16 %   198     252     224   $ 5.2   $ 1,102  

Pavistma North 13

    11/7/2014     4,541     209     112     328     43     53 %   26 %   20 %   46     48     74 %   15 %   11 %   283     304     265   $ 4.4   $ 979  

Frye Farms 6

    11/10/2014     4,860     307     132     590     77     43 %   32 %   25 %   63     82     70 %   17 %   13 %   547     505     457   $ 6.0   $ 1,235  

Rancho Water Valley 7

    12/13/2014     3,935     150     69     272     35     46 %   30 %   24 %   38     56     60 %   23 %   18 %   444     398     312   $ 4.5   $ 1,152  

Rancho Water Valley 4

    12/19/2014     3,916     116     55     204     27     48 %   29 %   23 %   30     52     57 %   24 %   19 %   448     378     289   $ 4.5   $ 1,157  

Rancho Water Valley 9

    12/20/2014     3,917     205     106     335     44     52 %   27 %   21 %   52     60     63 %   21 %   16 %   482     419     334   $ 3.3   $ 855  

Rancho Water Valley 10

    12/21/2014     4,885     382     133     839     109     35 %   37 %   29 %   78     59     64 %   20 %   16 %   435     395     327   $ 4.5   $ 928  

Rancho Water Valley 12

    12/22/2014     3,895     309     121     634     83     39 %   34 %   27 %   79     67     60 %   23 %   17 %   493     455     374   $ 4.0   $ 1,020  

Pavistma North 8

    12/27/2014     9,127     394     185     705     92     47 %   30 %   23 %   43     97     72 %   16 %   12 %   596     551     538   $ 8.7   $ 955  

GP Dairy 1-20-19

    3/17/2015     6,951     1,201     329     2,904     388     27 %   40 %   32 %   173     187     40 %   34 %   26 %   1,036     1,065     1,036   $ 6.1   $ 877  

GP Evans 2-19-19

    3/17/2015     4,197     717     178     1,796     240     25 %   42 %   33 %   171     120     40 %   34 %   26 %   799     771     667   $ 5.0   $ 1,193  

Nelson Farms 2

    3/29/2015     7,305     171     103     230     30     60 %   22 %   17 %   23     55     72 %   16 %   12 %   264     386     307   $ 5.7   $ 776  

Nelson Farms 3

    3/29/2015     7,320     135     83     172     22     62 %   21 %   17 %   18     54     72 %   16 %   12 %   301     363     301   $ 6.2   $ 853  

Windsor LV G-14H

    4/7/2015     4,253     236     123     381     50     52 %   27 %   21 %   55     60     63 %   21 %   16 %   460     420     331   $ 4.5   $ 1,066  

Nelson Farms 5

    4/11/2015     7,173     189     101     296     39     53 %   26 %   20 %   26     55     72 %   16 %   12 %   394     373     303   $ 5.7   $ 791  

Nelson Farms 6

    4/11/2015     7,243     195     116     267     35     59 %   23 %   18 %   27     63     73 %   15 %   12 %   433     443     348   $ 5.3   $ 729  

Nelson Farms 8

    4/11/2015     7,245     200     127     246     32     64 %   20 %   16 %   28     63     75 %   14 %   11 %   407     448     349   $ 5.9   $ 811  

Windsor LV A-14H

    4/13/2015     4,026     317     148     570     74     47 %   30 %   23 %   79     66     65 %   20 %   15 %   445     452     365   $ 4.0   $ 1,000  

Windsor LV C-14H

    4/15/2015     4,026     133     72     207     27     54 %   26 %   20 %   33     61     60 %   23 %   17 %   439     440     341   $ 3.5   $ 880  

Windsor LV E-14H

    4/16/2015     4,052     252     135     396     52     53 %   26 %   20 %   62     61     65 %   20 %   15 %   446     437     341   $ 3.6   $ 882  

Diamond Valley East 2

    4/28/2015     9,405     515     246     906     118     48 %   29 %   23 %   55     105     69 %   18 %   14 %   292     589     581   $ 6.6   $ 702  

Diamond Valley East 3

    4/28/2015     9,388     461     184     935     122     40 %   34 %   26 %   49     91     65 %   20 %   15 %   396     565     504   $ 6.9   $ 737  

Diamond Valley East 5

    4/28/2015     9,372     295     129     558     73     44 %   32 %   25 %   31     84     68 %   18 %   14 %   400     468     467   $ 6.6   $ 705  

Diamond Valley East 6

    4/28/2015     9,371     344     152     649     85     44 %   31 %   25 %   37     86     66 %   19 %   15 %   440     511     477   $ 6.6   $ 703  

Diamond Valley East 8

    5/8/2015     9,364     465     173     982     128     37 %   35 %   28 %   50     101     68 %   18 %   14 %   467     601     559   $ 6.5   $ 691  

Diamond Valley East 9

    5/8/2015     9,456     600     238     1,218     159     40 %   34 %   26 %   63     92     71 %   16 %   13 %   455     521     512   $ 6.6   $ 699  

Diamond Valley East 12

    5/8/2015     9,336     153     80     243     32     53 %   27 %   21 %   16     44     66 %   19 %   15 %   425     312     244   $ 6.4   $ 690  

Kodak 9

    5/16/2015     9,396     483     223     876     114     46 %   30 %   24 %   51     87     69 %   17 %   13 %   645     600     485   $ 6.3   $ 669  

Kodak 10

    5/16/2015     9,414     520     306     720     94     59 %   23 %   18 %   55     112     70 %   17 %   13 %   722     730     624   $ 6.3   $ 666  

Kodak 13

    5/16/2015     9,405     715     298     1,404     183     42 %   33 %   26 %   76     117     70 %   17 %   13 %   748     776     649   $ 6.2   $ 656  

Kodak 6

    5/29/2015     9,381     549     254     992     129     46 %   30 %   24 %   59     110     68 %   18 %   14 %   764     736     608   $ 6.3   $ 672  

Kodak 3

    5/30/2015     9,398     550     276     922     120     50 %   28 %   22 %   59     109     71 %   17 %   13 %   675     701     608   $ 6.3   $ 669  

Kodak 5

    5/30/2015     8,550     524     222     1,018     133     42 %   32 %   25 %   61     109     67 %   19 %   14 %   756     750     606   $ 6.4   $ 745  

Thornton 11

    7/20/2015     9,569     290     158     444     58     55 %   25 %   20 %   30     68     76 %   14 %   11 %   451     432     379   $ 6.8   $ 709  

Wind 11

    7/29/2015     4,279     261     109     527     65     42 %   34 %   25 %   61     70     61 %   20 %   20 %   587     491     391   $ 3.3   $ 771  

Winder 3

    9/2/2015     9,554     575     273     1,017     132     47 %   29 %   23 %   60     123     73 %   15 %   12 %   797     770     685   $ 5.8   $ 609  

Winder 5

    9/3/2015     9,543     592     297     995     130     50 %   28 %   22 %   62     131     72 %   16 %   12 %   816     827     727   $ 5.6   $ 592  

Troudt 5

    10/5/2015     9,576     805     271     1,841     227     34 %   38 %   28 %   84     NA     NA     NA     NA     1,052     945     NA   $ 5.0   $ 519  

Troudt 7

    10/5/2015     9,584     872     313     1,928     238     36 %   37 %   27 %   91     NA     NA     NA     NA     1,025     971     NA   $ 4.9   $ 511  

Troudt 8

    10/5/2015     9,553     736     216     1,791     221     29 %   41 %   30 %   77     NA     NA     NA     NA     991     873     NA   $ 5.2   $ 549  

Troudt 1

    10/18/2015     10,045     809     289     1,792     221     36 %   37 %   27 %   81     NA     NA     NA     NA     1,032     947     NA   $ 6.1   $ 611  

Troudt 3

    10/20/2015     9,569     883     323     1,927     238     37 %   36 %   27 %   92     NA     NA     NA     NA     1,125     1,013     NA   $ 5.1   $ 529  

Waag 2

    10/26/2015     4,062     47     33     48     6     70 %   17 %   13 %   12     NA     NA     NA     NA     162     NA     NA   $ 3.1   $ 759  

Waag 5

    10/29/2015     4,341     100     73     91     12     73 %   15 %   12 %   23     NA     NA     NA     NA     179     NA     NA   $ 3.1   $ 718  

Waag 6

    11/2/2015     4,328     109     67     142     18     61 %   22 %   17 %   25     NA     NA     NA     NA     235     204     NA   $ 3.3   $ 751  

Waag 8

    11/3/2015     4,400     117     77     134     17     66 %   19 %   15 %   27     NA     NA     NA     NA     235     NA     NA   $ 2.6   $ 599  

Waag 9

    11/4/2015     4,355     146     82     214     28     56 %   24 %   19 %   34     NA     NA     NA     NA     275     228     NA   $ 2.6   $ 591  

Waag 11

    11/5/2015     4,410     90     57     111     14     64 %   20 %   16 %   20     NA     NA     NA     NA     321     NA     NA   $ 2.6   $ 592  

Waag 12

    11/6/2015     4,460     125     81     148     19     65 %   20 %   16 %   28     NA     NA     NA     NA     288     NA     NA   $ 2.6   $ 579  

Waag 14

    11/8/2015     4,276     124     77     158     21     62 %   21 %   17 %   29     NA     NA     NA     NA     250     NA     NA   $ 2.6   $ 607  

Waag 15

    11/9/2015     4,365     118     62     191     25     52 %   27 %   21 %   27     NA     NA     NA     NA     288     NA     NA   $ 2.6   $ 587  

Waag 17

    11/10/2015     4,380     106     78     95     12     73 %   15 %   12 %   24     NA     NA     NA     NA     242     214     NA   $ 2.5   $ 578  

Waag 18

    11/11/2015     4,369     60     43     58     8     71 %   16 %   13 %   14     NA     NA     NA     NA     233     NA     NA   $ 2.7   $ 623  

Waag 23

    11/12/2015     4,369     124     77     157     20     62 %   21 %   17 %   28     NA     NA     NA     NA     226     162     NA   $ 3.3   $ 747  

Waag 24

    11/16/2015     4,381     172     100     240     31     59 %   23 %   18 %   39     NA     NA     NA     NA     381     324     NA   $ 3.0   $ 680  

Waag 21

    11/17/2015     4,394     156     89     226     29     57 %   24 %   19 %   36     NA     NA     NA     NA     339     283     NA   $ 3.0   $ 689  

Waag 20

    11/20/2015     4,304     114     71     148     19     62 %   22 %   17 %   27     NA     NA     NA     NA     324     276     NA   $ 3.1   $ 711  

DT Martinez 1-5-6

    1/25/2016     7,019     815     426     1,294     173     52 %   26 %   21 %   116     NA     NA     NA     NA     572     723     NA   $ 4.5   $ 647  

DT Martinez 2-5-6

    1/25/2016     6,740     579     306     909     122     53 %   26 %   21 %   86     NA     NA     NA     NA     564     686     NA   $ 4.4   $ 660  

DT Forbes 3-5-6

    1/25/2016     6,964     777     343     1,442     193     44 %   31 %   25 %   112     NA     NA     NA     NA     586     731     NA   $ 3.9   $ 560  

DT Forbes 4-5-6

    1/25/2016     6,966     719     297     1,404     188     41 %   33 %   26 %   103     NA     NA     NA     NA     558     654     NA   $ 3.9   $ 555  

DT Martinez 3-5-6

    2/5/2016     6,933     764     335     1,429     191     44 %   31 %   25 %   110     NA     NA     NA     NA     437     710     NA   $ 5.2   $ 745  

DT Forbes 1-5-6

    2/5/2016     7,002     780     359     1,400     187     46 %   30 %   24 %   111     NA     NA     NA     NA     601     769     NA   $ 3.9   $ 558  

DT Forbes 2-5-6

    2/5/2016     6,971     734     327     1,355     181     45 %   31 %   25 %   105     NA     NA     NA     NA     673     756     NA   $ 3.7   $ 536  

Average Niobrara:

    97     6,488     402     181     743     97     50 %   28 %   22 %   60     88     66 %   19 %   15 %   543     574     491   $ 5.0   $ 807  

6,800 ft Equivalent

                408     188     742     97     50 %   28 %   22 %   60     96     66 %   19 %   15 %   597     610     531   $ 5.5   $ 807  

Note:
Reflects wells with at least 45 days of production history as of June 30, 2016. Excludes information related to one well drilled in the J-Sand formation, one well drilled by a previous operator and four exploratory wells. Production data based on actual daily allocated production through June 30, 2016 adjusted for operational downtime. EUR data based on 6/30/16 SEC Ryder Scott Reserve Report.

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        As estimated by Ryder Scott Company, as of June 30, 2016, our estimated average EUR from our 156 Codell wells and 312 Niobrara wells classified as PUDs were 574 MBoe and 556 MBoe, respectively.

Other Properties

        We hold approximately 124,000 net acres in the DJ Basin outside of the Wattenberg, which we refer to as our "Northern Extension Area," that we believe is prospective for many of the same formations as our properties in the Wattenberg Field. As of June 30, 2016, there were de minimis proved reserves associated with this acreage. Average daily production associated with these properties for the quarter ended June 30, 2016 was approximately 1,044 BOE/d. We have not identified any drilling locations at this time on our Northern Extension Area.

Historical Capital Expenditures and Capital Budget

        For the year ended December 31, 2015 and the six months ended June 30, 2016, our aggregate drilling, completion and leasehold capital expenditures were approximately $398.4 million and $137.8 million, respectively, excluding acquisitions. Our 2016 capital budget is approximately $365 million, substantially all of which we intend to allocate to the Wattenberg Field. We intend to allocate approximately $335 million of our 2016 capital budget to the drilling of 100 gross (90 net) wells and the completion of 92 gross (82 net) wells, approximately $5 million to midstream, and approximately $25 million to leaseholds. Our 2016 capital expenditures budget contemplates that we will drill approximately 77 gross (70 net) wells targeting proved undeveloped locations in 2016. Such wells are associated with 24,083 MBoe of net proved undeveloped reserves. As of August 15, 2016, 40 gross (36 net) of such wells have been spud. Our capital budget excludes any amounts that were or may be paid for potential acquisitions, including the Bayswater Acquisition.

        Our 2017 capital budget is approximately $590 million, substantially all of which we intend to allocate to the Wattenberg Field. We intend to allocate approximately $535 million of our 2017 capital budget to the drilling of 138 gross (102 net) operated wells and the completion of 120 gross (102 net) operated wells, approximately $2 million to midstream, and approximately $53 million to leaseholds. Our 2017 capital expenditures budget contemplates that we will drill approximately 98 gross (74 net) operated wells targeting proved undeveloped locations in 2017. Such wells are associated with 37,967 MBoe of net proved undeveloped reserves. In addition to the operated wells above, our capital budget includes estimated non-operated activity on our acreage consisting of the drilling of 69 gross (18 net) non-operated wells and the completion of 51 gross (15 net) non-operated wells. Our capital budget excludes any amounts that may be paid for potential acquisitions.

        The amount and timing of these capital expenditures is within our control and subject to our management's discretion. We retain the flexibility to defer a portion of these planned capital expenditures depending on a variety of factors, including but not limited to the success of our drilling activities, prevailing and anticipated prices for oil, natural gas and NGL, the availability of necessary equipment, infrastructure and capital, the receipt and timing of required regulatory permits and approvals, seasonal conditions, drilling and acquisition costs and the level of participation by other interest owners. Any postponement or elimination of our development drilling program could result in a reduction of proved reserve volumes and related standardized measure. These risks could materially affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our Business Strategies

        Our business strategy is to increase stockholder value through the following:

    Grow proved reserves and production by developing our extensive horizontal drilling inventory.   As of June 30, 2016, we identified a horizontal drilling inventory of 3,510 gross locations targeting the

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      Niobrara and Codell zones, as adjusted to one-mile equivalents. While horizontal development of the Wattenberg Field is a relatively recent development, we consider our large inventory of horizontal drilling locations in the Wattenberg Field to be relatively low-risk based on information gained from the large number of existing wells in the area, industry activity surrounding our acreage, and the consistent and predictable geology surrounding our positions. We believe the combination of our large inventory of relatively low-risk drilling locations with long-lived reserves leads to a predictable production profile. We are able to enhance our drilling economics and generate higher EURs per well drilled by taking advantage of our large contiguous acreage position to drill longer laterals. Based on results from our horizontal drilling program and those of offset operators such as Anadarko Petroleum and Noble Energy, we believe significant development opportunities exist in the J-Sand, Greenhorn and Sussex formations as well as via additional downspacing in the Niobrara formation, thus potentially increasing our horizontal drilling inventory significantly.

    Maintain a high degree of operational control in order to continuously improve operating and cost efficiencies.   We operated approximately 95% of our horizontal production for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and intend to maintain operational control of substantially all of our producing properties. We believe that retaining control of our production enables us to increase recovery rates, lower well costs, improve drilling performance and increase ultimate hydrocarbon recovery through optimization of our drilling and completion techniques. Additionally, operating our production allows us to more efficiently manage the pace of our horizontal development program and the gathering and marketing of our production. We continually monitor and adjust our drilling program with the objective of achieving the highest total returns on our portfolio of drilling opportunities.

    Leverage our experience operating in the Wattenberg Field to maximize returns.   Members of our management and technical teams have spent the majority of their careers focused on operations in the Wattenberg Field. These team members were key participants in the shift from vertical to horizontal drilling that recently occurred during their tenures at key Wattenberg operators, including Anadarko Petroleum, Noble Energy, PDC Energy and others. As a result, we believe our management and technical teams are among the best operators in the Wattenberg Field today. Our team regularly benchmarks our operating data in order to evaluate our performance and identify opportunities to optimize our drilling and completion techniques and make informed decisions about our capital program and drilling activity levels. We intend to leverage our management and technical teams' experiences in applying unconventional drilling and completion techniques in the Wattenberg Field to maximize our returns. As an example, our management team initially designed and utilized new and improved drilling and completion techniques, which were different than the industry standard, to avoid having to compete with larger operators on prices for services and products.

    Continue expanding our access to midstream infrastructure to keep pace with our production growth.   We proactively seek to secure the necessary midstream and operational infrastructure necessary to support our drilling schedule and keep pace with our expected production growth. We are an anchor tenant on the Grand Mesa pipeline, which will transport oil and gas out of the Wattenberg Field to Cushing, Oklahoma and which is expected to be in service in late 2016. We are committed to meet delivery commitments of 40,000 Bbls/d out of the basin when the Grand Mesa pipeline commences service, increasing to 58,000 Bbls/d by November 2018 and through 2026.

    Strategically augment acreage position through opportunistic acquisitions.   Since inception, we have consummated five significant acquisitions in the Wattenberg Field, acquiring approximately 70,000 net acres, as of June 30, 2016. We intend to continue to strategically make opportunistic acquisitions as well as pursue additional leasing opportunities to further supplement our oil and

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      natural gas properties in our areas of operation, but expect such expenditures to represent a smaller proportion of our total capital budget.

    Maintain financial flexibility and apply a disciplined approach to capital allocation.   We intend to maintain a conservative financial profile that will afford us flexibility through commodity price cycles. As of June 30, 2016, after giving effect to this offering, the Financing Transactions and the use of the proceeds therefrom, and the consummation of the Bayswater Acquisition, we would have had $             million of liquidity, with $             million of cash and cash equivalents and $             million of available borrowing capacity under our revolving credit facility. Consistent with our disciplined approach to financial management, we have an active commodity hedging program that seeks to reduce our exposure to downside commodity price fluctuations, enabling us to protect cash flows and maintain liquidity to fund our capital program and investment opportunities.

Our Competitive Strengths

        We believe that the following strengths will allow us to successfully execute our business strategies:

    Large, contiguous acreage blocks concentrated in the Wattenberg Field.   We own extensive and contiguous acreage blocks in the Wattenberg Field, which we believe to be one of the most prolific and economic fields in the nation. Based on the results of our horizontal drilling program, and as evidenced by our 30-day, 90-day and 180-day production rates, we believe our wells are among the most productive in the Wattenberg Field. Our large, contiguous acreage blocks and focus on maintaining operational control allow us the flexibility to adjust our drilling and completion techniques, primarily through the length of our laterals, in order to optimize our well results and drilling economics. Additionally, our contiguous acreage allows us to leverage existing infrastructure for more cost efficient development and transportation as compared to non-contiguous acreage. We believe our approximately 100,000 net acres in the Wattenberg Field as of June 30, 2016 position us to continue growing our proved reserves and production in the current commodity price environment.

    Low-risk Wattenberg acreage position with multi-year inventory of liquids-rich drilling locations.   We view our large identified horizontal drilling inventory targeting liquids-rich drilling opportunities to be relatively low-risk based on information gained from the large number of existing wells in the area, industry activity surrounding our acreage, and the consistent and predictable geology underlying our positions. We have used the subsurface and 3-D seismic data from our development programs, as well as vertical well penetration, to demonstrate the subsurface consistency of our inventory. We currently have 3-D seismic data on all locations in our drilling plan, which we believe reduces the risk associated with our development plan. As of June 30, 2016, our horizontal drilling inventory consisted of 3,510 gross (2,236 net) identified locations targeting the Niobrara and Codell formations, as adjusted to one-mile equivalents. Based on the results from our horizontal drilling program and those of offset operators such as Anadarko Petroleum and Noble Energy, we believe significant development opportunities exist in the J-Sand, Greenhorn and Sussex formations as well as via additional downspacing in the Niobrara formation. Based on a four day spud-to-spud and a two-rig drilling program, we have a drilling inventory of approximately 19 years, prior to considering locations other than those in the Niobrara and Codell formations.

    Significant operational control with low development costs.   We operated 95% of our horizontal production for the six months ended June 30, 2016. We intend to maintain operational control of a substantial majority of our drilling inventory. We believe that maintaining operating control enables us to increase our reserves while lowering our development costs. Our control over operations also allows us to utilize cost-effective operating practices, including the selection of

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      drilling locations, timing of development and associated capital expenditures and continuous improvement of drilling, completion and stimulation techniques. Our average feet drilled per day has increased to 6,096 as of June 30, 2016 from 1,456 as of March 31, 2014. We have been successful in achieving significant reductions in our drilling, completion and facilities costs. In addition, our drilling contract structure allows us to proactively adjust our rig count based on the commodity price environment. These factors contribute to our ability to grow production and reserves in lower commodity price environments.

    High caliber management team with substantial technical expertise and demonstrated record navigating through commodity price volatility.   Our management and technical teams have extensive experience and a history of working together on the cost-efficient management of large scale drilling programs in the Wattenberg Field. Our management and technical teams are also experienced in the disciplined allocation of capital focused on growing reserves and production and identifying, executing and integrating acquisitions. Members of our management team have significant experience in the Wattenberg Field and were key participants in the shift from vertical to horizontal drilling that recently occurred during their tenures at industry leaders, including Anadarko Petroleum, Noble Energy, PDC Energy and others. Our management and technical teams have collectively participated in the drilling of over 500 horizontal wells in the Niobrara and Codell formations in the field. Through the significant decrease and volatility in commodity prices in late 2014, we have demonstrated our ability to responsibly grow our production and proved reserves while maintaining a conservative balance sheet.

    Financial strength and flexibility.   We have a strong financial position and a prudent financial management strategy, which will allow us to actively allocate capital in order to grow our proved reserves and production, both organically and through strategic acquisitions. As of June 30, 2016, after giving effect to this offering, the Financing Transactions described below and the use of the proceeds therefrom, and the consummation of the Bayswater Acquisition, we would have had $             million of liquidity, with $             million of cash and cash equivalents and $             million of available borrowing capacity under our revolving credit facility. We believe this borrowing capacity, along with our cash flow from operations and existing cash on the balance sheet, will provide us with sufficient liquidity to execute on our 2016 and 2017 capital program. We have an established hedging program to protect our future cash flows and provide some certainty for the budgeting of our capital plan.

Recent Developments

2016 Equity Offering

        In April, June and July 2016, we closed a private offering of units to existing and new members that resulted in net proceeds of approximately $120 million. The proceeds of the 2016 Equity Offering were used for general business purposes, including to repay amounts borrowed under our revolving credit facility.

2016 Notes Offering

        On July 18, 2016, we closed a private offering of $550 million principal amount of 7.875% senior unsecured notes due 2021, which resulted in net proceeds to us of approximately $537 million after deducting estimated expenses and the initial purchasers' discount. We used a portion of the net proceeds from the 2016 Notes Offering to repay all of the outstanding borrowings and related premium, fees and expenses under our second lien notes which were terminated concurrently with such repayment, and we applied the remaining proceeds to repay borrowings under our revolving credit facility and for general business purposes.

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Bayswater Acquisition

    Bayswater Assets

        On July 29, 2016, we entered into a definitive agreement with Bayswater Exploration & Production, LLC and certain of its affiliates to acquire additional oil and gas properties primarily located in the Wattenberg Field for total consideration of $420 million in cash, subject to customary purchase price adjustments. Upon completion of the Bayswater Acquisition, we will be acquiring producing and non-producing assets primarily located in the central and northwest portions of the Wattenberg Field from an existing working interest partner, primarily around our existing Greeley and Windsor areas.

        The Bayswater Assets consist of working interests in approximately 6,100 net acres and produced approximately 10,000 net BOE/d during the month ended July 31, 2016, of which approximately 73% was oil or natural gas liquids. As of July 29, 2016, the Bayswater Assets included 36 gross (20 net) drilled but uncompleted wells, representing 53 gross (32 net) wells on a 1-mile equivalent basis. We expect the majority of these drilled but uncompleted wells to be brought online in the first half of 2017 months. In addition, the Bayswater Assets will result in an additional 1,119 gross drilling locations (or 119 net locations on a 1-mile equivalent basis). A majority of these locations are located on acreage in which we already own a majority working interest and operate, resulting in an additional 90 unique gross drilling locations.

        Based on a reserve report from Ryder Scott, there are approximately 25,992 MBoe of proved reserves associated with the Bayswater Assets as of June 30, 2016, of which 57% were undeveloped.

        We expect to close the Bayswater Acquisition contemporaneously with the closing of this offering. However, the completion of the Bayswater Acquisition is subject to a number of conditions, and we may not be able to consummate it if such conditions are not met. We expect to use a portion of the net proceeds of this offering to fund the purchase price of the Bayswater Acquisition, and intend to fund the balance of the purchase price through the issuance of up to $350 million in convertible preferred securities and borrowings under our revolving credit facility. See "Use of Proceeds."

    Option to Acquire Additional Assets from Bayswater

        If and when we consummate the Bayswater Acquisition, we are required to pay $10 million for an option to purchase additional assets from Bayswater for an additional $190 million, for a total purchase price for the Additional Bayswater Assets of $200 million. The option may be exercised at any time until March 31, 2017. If we do not exercise our option to acquire the Additional Bayswater Assets, Bayswater will have the right until April 30, 2017 to elect to sell those assets to us for an additional $120 million, for a total purchase price for the Additional Bayswater Assets of $130 million. The Additional Bayswater Assets include working interests in approximately 9,100 net acres primarily in the Wattenberg Field.

Convertible Preferred Securities

        We have agreed to issue to affiliates of Apollo up to $125 million in Series A Preferred Units to fund a portion of the purchase price for the Bayswater Acquisition. The Series A Preferred Units are entitled to receive a cash dividend of 10% per year, payable quarterly in arrears. We will use $        of the net proceeds of this offering to redeem the Series A Preferred Units in full, which amount includes a premium of $         million.

        In addition, we have agreed to issue to, among others, investment funds affiliated with OZ Management LP up to $225 million in Series B Preferred Units to fund a portion of the purchase price for the Bayswater Acquisition. The Series B Preferred Units are entitled to receive a cash dividend of 10% per year, payable quarterly in arrears, and we have the ability to pay up to 50% of the quarterly

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dividend in kind. The Series B Preferred Units will be converted in connection with the closing of this offering into shares of our Series A Preferred Stock that are entitled to receive a cash dividend of 5.875% per year, payable quarterly in arrears, and we have the ability to pay such quarterly dividends in kind at a dividend rate of 10% (decreased proportionately to the extent such quarterly dividends are paid in cash). Beginning on or after the later of a) 90 days after the closing of this offering and b) the Lock-Up Period End Date, the Series A Preferred Stock will be convertible into shares of our common stock at the election of the Series A Preferred Holders at a conversion ratio per share of Series A Preferred Stock of            . Beginning on or after the Lock-Up Period End Date, we may elect to convert the Series A Preferred Stock at a conversion ratio per share of Series A Preferred Stock of            , but only if the closing price of our common stock trades at or above a certain premium to our initial offering price, such premium to decrease with time. In certain situations, including a change of control, the Series A Preferred Stock may be redeemed for cash in an amount equal to the greater of (i) 135% of the liquidation preference of the Series A Preferred Stock and (ii) a 17.5% annualized internal rate of return on the liquidation preference of the Series A Preferred Stock. The Series A Preferred Stock mature on October 15, 2021, at which time they are mandatorily redeemable for cash at par. See "Description of Capital Stock—Preferred Stock—Series A Preferred Stock."

Amendment to Revolving Credit Facility

        On September 14, 2016, we entered into an amendment to our revolving credit facility that, among other things, increased the borrowing base to $350 million. The amendment also provides that upon consummation of the Bayswater Acquisition, the borrowing base will be increased to $450 million. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources—Revolving Credit Facility."

Our Properties—Wattenberg Field

        Our current operations are located in the Wattenberg Field where we target the oil and liquids-weighted Niobrara and Codell formations. As of June 30, 2016, our position in Wattenberg consisted of approximately 100,000 net acres. We either own or are shooting 3-D seismic surveys on our acreage prior to drilling, which helps to provide efficient and targeted horizontal drilling operations.

        Our estimated proved reserves at December 31, 2015 were 158.6 MMBoe. As of June 30, 2016, we had a total of 941 gross producing wells, of which 294 were horizontal wells. The vertical wells we operate primarily serve to hold leases until we can drill more efficient horizontal wells on acreage we lease. Therefore, production from vertical wells does not represent a material amount of our current production and is anticipated to decline as a percentage of total production in the future as we drill more horizontal wells. Our estimated average net daily production during the month ended July 31, 2016 was approximately 37,328 BOE/d. Our working interest for all producing wells averages approximately 75% and our net revenue interest is approximately 59%.

        We continue to expand our proved reserves in this area by drilling non-proved horizontal locations. As of December 31, 2015, we had an identified drilling inventory of approximately 489 gross (293 net) proved undeveloped horizontal drilling locations with varying lateral lengths on our acreage with average well costs of $3.7 million ($2.5 million normalized to 4,200 foot lateral length). During 2015 and 2014, we drilled 83 and 59 gross operated horizontal wells, respectively, and completed 82 and 50 gross operated horizontal wells, respectively.

        In the Niobrara formation, in 2015, we drilled 26 1-mile (approximately 4,200 foot lateral) gross operated horizontal wells, 10 1.5-mile (approximately 6,800 foot lateral) gross operated horizontal wells, and 12 2-mile (approximately 9,400 foot lateral) gross operated horizontal wells. Further, in 2014, we drilled 21 1-mile (approximately 4,200 foot lateral) gross operated horizontal wells, seven 1.5-mile (approximately 6,800 foot lateral) gross operated horizontal wells, and 13 2-mile (approximately

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9,400 foot lateral) gross operated horizontal wells. Since we began our horizontal Niobrara drilling program in 2014, through June 30, 2016, we have drilled approximately 159 1-mile equivalent wells and completed approximately 139 1-mile equivalent wells, of which 120 are on 40-acre spacing, 34 are at 80-acre spacing and six are at greater than 80-acre spacing. We believe the economies of scale demonstrated by our longer laterals warrant continued drilling of lateral lengths greater than 4,200 feet.

        In the Codell formation, in 2015, we drilled 19 1-mile (approximately 4,200 foot lateral) gross operated horizontal wells, four 1.5-mile (approximately 6,800 foot lateral) gross operated horizontal wells, and 12 2-mile (approximately 9,400 foot lateral) gross operated horizontal wells. Further, in 2014, we drilled 14 1-mile (approximately 4,200 foot lateral) gross operated horizontal wells, three 1.5-mile (approximately 6,800 foot lateral) gross operated horizontal wells, and one 2-mile (approximately 9,400 foot lateral) gross operated horizontal wells. Since we began our horizontal Codell drilling program in 2014, through June 30, 2016, we have drilled approximately 89 1-mile equivalent wells and completed 82 1-mile equivalent wells, of which 81 are on 80-acre spacing and eight are at greater than 80-acre spacing. We believe the economies of scale demonstrated by our longer laterals warrant continued drilling of lateral lengths greater than 4,200 feet. We also drilled two gross wells in the J-Sand formation.

        For the year ended December 31, 2015 and the six months ended June 30, 2016, our aggregate drilling, completion and leasehold capital expenditures were approximately $398.4 million and $137.8 million, respectively, excluding acquisitions. For the year ended December 31, 2015, well costs averaged approximately $2.9 million for a 4,200 foot lateral Niobrara well and $2.6 million for a 4,200 foot lateral Codell well, down from an average of $4.5 million and $4.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, respectively. We expect similar cost savings for longer lateral wells.

Wattenberg Field

        Since the implementation of horizontal drilling technology, the DJ Basin has become recognized as a premier U.S. liquids resource play. The DJ Basin is a structural basin located in eastern Colorado, southeastern Wyoming, western Kansas, and the Nebraska Panhandle and covers an area of more than 42,000 square miles. The basin has a long history of crude oil and natural gas exploration and production, predominantly from an area described as the Wattenberg Field, which covers approximately 1,500 square miles, and is primarily centered around Weld County, Colorado. According to the EIA, the Wattenberg Field is the fourth largest producing oil field and ninth largest producing gas field in the U.S. by 2013 estimated production. While historically a natural gas-focused field, the Wattenberg is also known for its high liquids content, evidenced by the significant growth in crude oil production from the Niobrara and Codell shale formations.

        The history of crude oil and natural gas production in the Wattenberg Field dates back to 1970 with early production coming from the J Sand. During the 1980s, tax credits provided incentives for tight gas development, leading operators to target the tighter Codell sand and Niobrara chalk. Increased well spacing regulations, along with new technology continued to boost activity in the area through the 1990s and 2000s. In 2010, operators began to shift to horizontal drilling in an effort to increase recovery and return. Downspacing and expanding development beyond the Niobrara benches and Codell sands continues to be a focus moving forward.

        The Niobrara formation is centered around the Wattenberg Field with an average depth of approximately 6,800 feet in the Wattenberg Field. The formation consists of chalky benches created from skeletal debris of planktonic organisms deposited in a shallow marine environment. The Niobrara A, B and C benches serve as a source rock that generates oil and gas. The Codell formation, which is located just below the Niobrara benches, is typically 13 to 16.5 feet thick, adding to the 240 to 330 feet of Niobrara pay. Niobrara and Codell porosity is commonly 10% or less, primarily due to

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abundant pore-filling clay, calcite cements and iron oxide. The J Sand is found at depths of 7,200 to 8,500 feet and is approximately 20 feet thick.

Other Properties

        We hold approximately 124,000 net acres in the DJ Basin outside of the Wattenberg, which we refer to as our "Northern Extension Area," that we believe is prospective for many of the same formations as our properties in the Wattenberg Field. As of June 30, 2016, there were de minimis proved reserves associated with this acreage. Average daily production associated with these properties for the quarter ended June 30, 2016 was approximately 1,044 BOE/d. We have not identified any drilling locations at this time on our Northern Extension Area.

Drilling Locations

        As of June 30, 2016, we have identified a total of 3,510 gross identified drilling locations as adjusted to one-mile equivalents. Our target horizontal location count implies lateral lengths of 4,200 feet per well. Approximately 24% of our gross identified drilling locations are attributable to proved undeveloped reserves. Our identified drilling locations have been identified based on our review of structure as well as production data from offsetting wells. We have internally generated this production data based on our evaluation of an extensive geological and engineering database. Information incorporated into this process includes both our own proprietary information as well as publicly available industry data. Specifically, open hole logging data, production statistics from operated and non-operated wells, and petrophysical data from cores taken from wellbores has provided the technical basis from which we identified the potential locations. These data have allowed us to determine areas for each reservoir that may produce commercial quantities of hydrocarbons and the viability of the potential locations.

Oil and Natural Gas Data

Proved Reserves

        Evaluation and Review of Proved Reserves.     Our historical proved reserve estimates as of June 30, 2016, December 31, 2015 and 2014 were prepared based on a report by Ryder Scott, our independent petroleum engineers. Within Ryder Scott, the technical person primarily responsible for preparing the estimates set forth in the Ryder Scott summary reserve reports incorporated herein is Richard Marshall. Mr. Marshall has been practicing consulting petroleum engineering at Ryder Scott since 1981. Mr. Marshall is a registered Professional Engineer in the State of Colorado and has over 30 years of practical experience in the estimation and evaluation of reserves. Mr. Marshall graduated from the University of Missouri in 1974 with a Bachelor of Science Degree in Geology and from the University of Missouri at Rolla in 1976 with a Master of Science Degree in Geological Engineering. As technical principal, Mr. Marshall meets or exceeds the education, training, and experience requirements set forth in the Standards Pertaining to the Estimating and Auditing of Oil and Gas Reserves Information promulgated by the Society of Petroleum Engineers and is proficient in applying industry standard practices to engineering evaluations as well as applying SEC and other industry reserves definitions and guidelines. Ryder Scott does not own an interest in any of our properties, nor is it employed by us on a contingent basis.

        We maintain an internal staff of petroleum engineers and geoscience professionals who worked closely with our independent reserve engineers to ensure the integrity, accuracy and timeliness of the data used to calculate our proved reserves relating to our assets in the DJ Basin. Our internal technical team members meet with our independent reserve engineers periodically during the period covered by the proved reserve report to discuss the assumptions and methods used in the proved reserve estimation process. We provide historical information to the independent reserve engineers for our

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properties, such as ownership interest, oil and natural gas production, well test data, commodity prices and operating and development costs.

        The preparation of our proved reserve estimates are completed in accordance with our internal control procedures. These procedures, which are intended to ensure reliability of reserve estimations, include the following:

    review and verification of historical production data, which data is based on actual production as reported by us;

    preparation of reserve estimates; and

    verification of property ownership by our land department.

        Estimation of Proved Reserves.     Under SEC rules, proved reserves are those quantities of oil and natural gas, which, by analysis of geoscience and engineering data, can be estimated with reasonable certainty to be economically producible—from a given date forward, from known reservoirs and under existing economic conditions, operating methods and government regulations—prior to the time at which contracts providing the right to operate expire, unless evidence indicates that renewal is reasonably certain, regardless of whether deterministic or probabilistic methods are used for the estimation. If deterministic methods are used, the SEC has defined reasonable certainty for proved reserves as a "high degree of confidence that the quantities will be recovered." All of our proved reserves as of June 30, 2016 and 2015 were estimated using a deterministic method. The estimation of reserves involves two distinct determinations. The first determination results in the estimation of the quantities of recoverable oil and natural gas and the second determination results in the estimation of the uncertainty associated with those estimated quantities in accordance with the definitions established under SEC rules. The process of estimating the quantities of recoverable oil and natural gas reserves relies on the use of certain generally accepted analytical procedures. These analytical procedures fall into four broad categories or methods: (1) production performance-based methods; (2) material balance-based methods; (3) volumetric-based methods; and (4) analogy. These methods may be used singularly or in combination by the reserve evaluator in the process of estimating the quantities of reserves. Reserves for proved developed producing wells were estimated using production performance methods for the vast majority of properties. Certain new producing properties with very little production history were forecast using a combination of production performance and analogy to similar production, both of which are considered to provide a relatively high degree of accuracy. Non-producing reserve estimates, for developed and undeveloped properties, were forecast using either volumetric or analogy methods, or a combination of both. These methods provide a relatively high degree of accuracy for predicting proved developed non-producing and proved undeveloped reserves for our properties, due to the mature nature of the properties targeted for development and an abundance of subsurface control data.

        To estimate economically recoverable proved reserves and related future net cash flows, Ryder Scott considered many factors and assumptions, including the use of reservoir parameters derived from geological and engineering data which cannot be measured directly, economic criteria based on current costs and the SEC pricing requirements and forecasts of future production rates.

        Under SEC rules, reasonable certainty can be established using techniques that have been proven effective by actual production from projects in the same reservoir or an analogous reservoir or by other evidence using reliable technology that establishes reasonable certainty. Reliable technology is a grouping of one or more technologies (including computational methods) that has been field tested and has been demonstrated to provide reasonably certain results with consistency and repeatability in the formation being evaluated or in an analogous formation. To establish reasonable certainty with respect to our estimated proved reserves, the technologies and economic data used in the estimation of our proved reserves have been demonstrated to yield results with consistency and repeatability, and include

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production and well test data, downhole completion information, geologic data, electrical logs, radioactivity logs, core analyses, historical well cost and operating expense data.

        Summary of Oil, Natural Gas and NGL Reserves.     The following table presents our estimated net proved oil, natural gas and NGL reserves as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015.

 
  As of
June 30,
2016
  As of
December 31,
2015
 

Proved Developed Producing Reserves:

             

Oil (MBbls)

    17,203     10,769  

Natural gas (MMcf)

    85,882     41,773  

NGL (MBbls)

    11,141     5,402  

Combined (MBoe)(1)

    42,657     23,133  

Proved Developed Not Producing Reserves:

             

Oil (MBbls)

    188     3,480  

Natural gas (MMcf)

    1,529     11,238  

NGL (MBbls)

    199     1,656  

Combined (MBoe)(1)

    642     7,009  

Proved Undeveloped Reserves:

             

Oil (MBbls)

    61,720     57,252  

Natural gas (MMcf)

    278,291     239,572  

NGL (MBbls)

    35,887     31,325  

Combined (MBoe)(1)

    143,789     128,505  

Proved Reserves:

             

Oil (MBbls)

    79,111     71,500  

Natural gas (MMcf)

    365,702     292,584  

NGL (MBbls)

    47,227     38,383  

Combined (MBoe)(1)

    187,288     158,647  

(1)
One BOE is equal to six Mcf of natural gas or one Bbl of oil or NGL based on an approximate energy equivalency. This is an energy content correlation and does not reflect a value or price relationship between the commodities.

        Reserve engineering is and must be recognized as a subjective process of estimating volumes of economically recoverable oil and natural gas that cannot be measured in an exact manner. The accuracy of any reserve estimate is a function of the quality of available data and of engineering and geological interpretation. As a result, the estimates of different engineers often vary. In addition, the results of drilling, testing and production may justify revisions of such estimates. Accordingly, reserve estimates often differ from the quantities of oil and natural gas that are ultimately recovered. Estimates of economically recoverable oil and natural gas and of future net revenues are based on a number of variables and assumptions, all of which may vary from actual results, including geologic interpretation, prices and future production rates and costs. Please read "Risk Factors" appearing elsewhere in this prospectus.

        Additional information regarding our proved reserves can be found in the notes to our financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.

Proved Undeveloped Reserves (PUDs)

        As of December 31, 2015, our proved undeveloped reserves were composed of 57,252 MBbls of oil, 239,572 MMcf of natural gas and 31,325 MBbls of NGL, for a total of 128,505 MBoe. PUDs will be converted from undeveloped to developed as the applicable wells begin production.

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        The following table summarizes our changes in PUDs during the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 (in MBoe):

Balance, December 31, 2013

    0  

Purchases of reserves

    31,172  

Extensions and discoveries

    42,780  

Revisions of previous estimates

    2,433  

Transfers to proved developed

    (3,878 )

Balance, December 31, 2014

    72,507  

Purchases of reserves

    25,476  

Extensions and discoveries

    37,470  

Revisions of previous estimates

    275  

Transfers to proved developed

    (7,223 )

Balance, December 31, 2015

    128,505  

        Extensions and discoveries of 37,470 MBoe and 42,780 MBoe during the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively, resulted primarily from new proved undeveloped locations added as a result of the drilling and completion of new wells. Revisions of previous estimates of 275 MBoe and 2,433 MBoe during the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively, resulted primarily from the revisions resulting from price changes and revisions resulting from production and performance.

        Estimated future development costs relating to the development of PUDs at December 31, 2015 were projected to be approximately $120.2 million in the year ending December 31, 2016, $207.2 million in 2017, $306.9 million in 2018, $322.7 million in 2019 and $160.4 million in 2020. Costs incurred relating to the development of PUDs were $35.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2014 and $94.6 million during the year ended December 31, 2015. As we continue to develop our properties and have more well production and completion data, we believe we will continue to realize cost savings and experience lower relative drilling and completion costs as we convert PUDs into proved developed reserves in upcoming years. All of our PUD drilling locations are scheduled to be drilled within five years of their initial booking. We converted 7,223 MBoe and 3,878 MBoe to proved developed producing reserves in the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

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Oil, Natural Gas and NGL Production Prices and Production Costs

Production and Price History

        The following table sets forth information regarding net production of oil, natural gas and NGL, and certain price and cost information for the periods indicated:

 
  Six Months
Ended June 30,
  Year Ended
December 31,
 
 
  2016   2015   2015   2014  
 
  (unaudited)
 
 
  (in thousands)
 

Summary Historical Operating Data:

                         

Production and Operating Data:

                         

Net production volumes:

                         

Oil (MBbls)

    2,518.0     1,777.5     3,945.6     1,022.2  

Natural gas (MMcf)

    8,060.7     4,471.9     10,823.0     2,664.1  

NGL (MBbls)

    904.6     488.3     1,334.6     325.3  

Total (MBoe)(1)

    4,766.1     3,011.1     7,084.0     1,791.5  

Average net production (BOE/d)(1)

    26,187     16,636     19,408     4,908  

Average sales prices(2):

                         

Oil sales (per Bbl)

  $ 33.41   $ 43.58   $ 39.80   $ 73.82  

Oil sales with derivative settlements (per Bbl)

  $ 41.51   $ 58.06   $ 53.29   $ 77.66  

Natural gas (per Mcf)

  $ 1.85   $ 2.29   $ 2.40   $ 3.47  

Natural gas sales with derivative settlements (per Mcf)

  $ 2.77   $ 2.63   $ 2.82   $ 3.49  

NGL (per Bbl)

  $ 12.63   $ 10.41   $ 11.02   $ 25.00  

Average price per BOE

  $ 23.18   $ 30.81   $ 27.92   $ 51.82  

Average price per BOE with derivative settlements

  $ 29.02   $ 39.87   $ 36.06   $ 54.04  

Average unit costs per BOE:

                         

Lease operating expenses

  $ 5.32   $ 3.76   $ 4.32   $ 2.83  

Production taxes

  $ 2.26   $ 2.63   $ 2.40   $ 5.44  

Exploration expenses

  $ 1.84   $ 1.61   $ 2.63   $ 0.07  

Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion

  $ 19.86   $ 19.69   $ 20.69   $ 19.00  

Impairment of long lived assets

  $ 4.80   $ 3.16   $ 2.23   $  

Other operating expenses

  $ 0.19   $ 0.55   $ 0.33   $  

Acquisition transaction expenses

  $   $ 1.99   $ 0.85   $  

General and administrative expenses

  $ 3.17   $ 5.60   $ 5.24   $ 10.94  

Unit-based compensation

  $ 0.55   $ 1.02   $ 0.84   $ 2.49  

Total operating expenses per BOE

  $ 37.42   $ 39.00   $ 38.69   $ 38.28  

(1)
One BOE is equal to six Mcf of natural gas or one Bbl of oil or NGL based on an approximate energy equivalency. This is an energy content correlation and does not reflect a value or price relationship between the commodities.

(2)
Average prices shown in the table reflect prices both before and after the effects of our realized commodity hedging transactions. Our calculation of such effects includes both realized gains or losses on cash settlements for commodity derivative transactions and premiums paid or received on options, if any, that settled during the period.

Productive Wells

        As of June 30, 2016, we owned an average 75% working interest in 941 gross (703 net) productive wells. As of December 31, 2015, we owned an average 64% working interest in 595 gross (384 net) productive wells. As of December 31, 2014, we owned an average 65% working interest in 262 gross

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(171 net) productive wells. Productive wells consist of producing wells and wells capable of production, including oil wells awaiting connection to production facilities. Gross wells are the total number of producing wells in which we have an interest, and net wells are the sum of our fractional working interests owned in gross wells.

Developed and Undeveloped Acreage

        The following tables set forth information as of June 30, 2016 relating to our leasehold acreage, without giving effect to the Bayswater Acquisition. Developed acreage is acres spaced or assigned to productive wells and does not include undrilled acreage held by production under the terms of the lease. Undeveloped acreage is acres on which wells have not been drilled or completed to a point that would permit the production of commercial quantities of oil or natural gas, regardless of whether such acreage contains proved reserves. A gross acre is an acre in which a working interest is owned. The number of gross acres is the total number of acres in which a working interest is owned. A net acre is deemed to exist when the sum of the fractional ownership working interests in gross acres equals one. The number of net acres is the sum of the fractional working interests owned in gross acres expressed as whole numbers and fractions thereof.

        The following table sets forth our gross and net acres of developed and undeveloped oil and gas leases as of June 30, 2016:

 
  Developed
Acreage(1)
  Undeveloped
Acreage(2)
  Total Acreage  
Area (DJ Basin)
  Gross(3)   Net(4)   Gross(3)   Net(4)   Gross(3)   Net(4)  

Total

    138,473     96,007     201,725     120,556     340,198     216,563  

(1)
Developed acreage is acres spaced or assigned to productive wells and does not include undrilled acreage held by production under the terms of the lease.

(2)
Undeveloped acreage are acres on which wells have not been drilled or completed to a point that would permit the production of commercial quantities of oil or natural gas, regardless of whether such acreage contains proved reserves.

(3)
A gross acre is an acre in which a working interest is owned. The number of gross acres is the total number of acres in which a working interest is owned.

(4)
A net acre is deemed to exist when the sum of the fractional ownership working interests in gross acres equals one. The number of net acres is the sum of the fractional working interests owned in gross acres expressed as whole numbers and fractions thereof.

        Many of the leases comprising the undeveloped acreage set forth in the table above will expire at the end of their respective primary terms unless production from the leasehold acreage has been established prior to such date, in which event the lease will remain in effect until the cessation of production. We intend to extend all of our material leases to the extent possible and expect to incur $63.0 million to extend every material lease that is set to expire in the next three years, without taking into account the drilling of PUDs and holding leases by production and therefore we do not expect a material reduction in our proved undeveloped reserves as a result of lease expirations. The following table sets forth the undeveloped acreage, as of June 30, 2016, that will expire in the years indicated below unless production is established within the spacing units covering the acreage or the lease is renewed or extended under continuous drilling provisions prior to the primary term expiration dates.

 
  2016   2017   2018   2019+  
Area
  Gross   Net   Gross   Net   Gross   Net   Gross   Net  

DJ Basin

    22,116     11,576     93,403     48,504     27,692     21,560     28,105     15,641  

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Drilling Results

        The following table sets forth information with respect to the number of wells completed by us during the periods indicated. The information should not be considered indicative of future performance, nor should it be assumed that there is necessarily any correlation between the number of productive wells drilled, quantities of reserves found or economic value. Productive wells are those that produce commercial quantities of hydrocarbons, whether or not they produce a reasonable rate of return.

 
  Year Ended December 31,  
 
  2015   2014  
 
  Gross   Net   Gross   Net  

Development Wells(2):

                         

Productive(1)

    79     60.9     50     33.4  

Dry

                 

Exploratory Wells(2):

                         

Productive(1)

    4     3.5          

Dry

                 

Total(2):

                         

Productive(1)

    83     64.4     50     33.4  

Dry

                 

(1)
Although a well may be classified as productive upon completion, future changes in oil, natural gas and NGL prices, operating costs and production may result in the well becoming uneconomical, particularly exploratory wells where there is no production history.

(2)
Includes only wells completed by us.

        As of December 31, 2015 we had 59 gross (45 net) drilled, non-producing wells of varying lateral lengths waiting on gas connect or commencement of completion activities.

Operations

General

        We operated 95% of our horizontal production for the six months ended June 30, 2016. As operator, we design and manage the development of a well and supervise operation and maintenance activities on a day-to-day basis. Independent contractors engaged by us provide all the equipment and personnel associated with these activities. We employ petroleum engineers, geologists and land professionals who work to improve production rates, increase reserves and lower the cost of operating our oil and natural gas properties.

Marketing and Customers

        We market the majority of the production from properties we operate for both our account and the account of the other working interest owners in these properties. We sell our production to purchasers at market prices.

        During the year ended December 31, 2015, approximately 88% of our production was sold to four customers. However, we do not believe that the loss of a single purchaser, including these four, would materially affect our business because there are numerous other potential purchasers in the area in

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which we sell our production. For the year ended December 31, 2015 purchases by the following companies exceeded 10% of our total oil and gas revenues.

 
  For the Year
Ended
December 31, 2015
 

NGL Crude Logistics, LLC

    30 %

Devlar Energy Marketing, LLC

    24 %

DCP Midstream, LP

    17 %

United Energy Trading LLC

    17 %

Transportation

        During the initial development of our fields, we consider all gathering and delivery infrastructure in the areas of our production. Our oil is collected from the wellhead to our tank batteries and then transported by the purchaser by truck or pipeline to a tank farm, another pipeline or a refinery. Our natural gas is transported from the wellhead to the purchaser's meter and pipeline interconnection point.

        We are subject to long-term delivery commitments for the transportation of our production. We are currently party to a firm transportation agreement that commences in November 2016 and has a ten-year term, which obligates us to meet delivery commitments of 40,000 Bbl/d in year one, 52,000 Bbl/d in year two, and 58,000 Bbl/d in years three through ten.

Competition

        The oil and natural gas industry is intensely competitive, and we compete with other companies that have greater resources. Many of these companies not only explore for and produce oil and natural gas, but also carry on midstream and refining operations and market petroleum and other products on a regional, national or worldwide basis. These companies may be able to pay more for productive oil and natural gas properties and exploratory prospects or to define, evaluate, bid for and purchase a greater number of properties and prospects than our financial or human resources permit. In addition, these companies may have a greater ability to continue exploration activities during periods of low oil, natural gas and NGL market prices. Our larger or more integrated competitors may be able to absorb the burden of existing, and any changes to, federal, state and local laws and regulations more easily than we can, which would adversely affect our competitive position. Our ability to acquire additional properties and to discover reserves in the future will be dependent upon our ability to evaluate and select suitable properties and to consummate transactions in a highly competitive environment. In addition, because we have fewer financial and human resources than many companies in our industry, we may be at a disadvantage in bidding for exploratory prospects and producing oil and natural gas properties.

        There is also competition between oil and natural gas producers and other industries producing energy and fuel. Furthermore, competitive conditions may be substantially affected by various forms of energy legislation and/or regulation considered from time to time by the governments of the United States and the jurisdictions in which we operate. It is not possible to predict the nature of any such legislation or regulation which may ultimately be adopted or its effects upon our future operations. Such laws and regulations may substantially increase the costs of exploring for, developing or producing oil and natural gas and may prevent or delay the commencement or continuation of a given operation. Our larger competitors may be able to absorb the burden of existing, and any changes to, federal, state and local laws and regulations more easily than we can, which would adversely affect our competitive position.

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Title to Properties

        As is customary in the oil and natural gas industry, we initially conduct only a cursory review of the title to our properties in connection with acquisition of leasehold acreage. At such time as we determine to conduct drilling operations on those properties, we conduct a thorough title examination and perform curative work with respect to significant defects prior to commencement of drilling operations. To the extent title opinions or other investigations reflect title defects on those properties, we are typically responsible for curing any title defects at our expense. We generally will not commence drilling operations on a property until we have cured any material title defects on such property. We have obtained title opinions on substantially all of our producing properties and believe that we have satisfactory title to our producing properties in accordance with standards generally accepted in the oil and natural gas industry.

        Prior to completing an acquisition of producing oil and natural gas leases, we perform title reviews on the most significant leases and, depending on the materiality of properties, we may obtain a title opinion, obtain an updated title review or opinion or review previously obtained title opinions. Our oil and natural gas properties are subject to customary royalty and other interests, liens for current taxes and other burdens which we believe do not materially interfere with the use of or affect our carrying value of the properties.

        We believe that we have satisfactory title to all of our material assets. Although title to these properties is subject to encumbrances in some cases, such as customary interests generally retained in connection with the acquisition of real property, customary royalty interests and contract terms and restrictions, liens under operating agreements, liens related to environmental liabilities associated with historical operations, liens for current taxes and other burdens, easements, restrictions and minor encumbrances customary in the oil and natural gas industry, we believe that none of these liens, restrictions, easements, burdens and encumbrances will materially detract from the value of these properties or from our interest in these properties or materially interfere with our use of these properties in the operation of our business. In addition, we believe that we have obtained sufficient rights-of-way grants and permits from public authorities and private parties for us to operate our business in all material respects as described in this prospectus.

Seasonality of Business

        Weather conditions affect the demand for, and prices of, oil, natural gas and NGL. Demand for oil, natural gas and NGL is typically higher in the fourth and first quarters resulting in higher prices. Due to these seasonal fluctuations, results of operations for individual quarterly periods may not be indicative of the results that may be realized on an annual basis.

Oil and Natural Gas Leases

        The typical oil and natural gas lease agreement covering our properties provides for the payment of royalties to the mineral owner for all oil and natural gas produced from any wells drilled on the leased premises. The lessor royalties and other leasehold burdens on our properties are generally 80%. Our working interest for all producing wells averages approximately 75% and our net revenue interest is approximately 59%.

Regulation of the Oil and Gas Industry

        Our operations are substantially affected by federal, state and local laws and regulations. Failure to comply with applicable laws and regulations can result in substantial penalties. The regulatory burden on the industry increases the cost of doing business and affects profitability. Historically, our compliance costs have not had a material adverse effect on our results of operations; however, we are unable to predict the future costs or impact of compliance. Additional proposals and proceedings that

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affect the oil and natural gas industry are regularly considered by Congress, the states, the FERC and the courts. We cannot predict when or whether any such proposals may become effective. We do not believe that we would be affected by any such action materially differently than similarly situated competitors.

Regulation Affecting Production

        The production of oil and natural gas is subject to United States federal and state laws and regulations, and orders of regulatory bodies under those laws and regulations, governing a wide variety of matters. All of the jurisdictions in which we own or operate producing oil and natural gas properties have statutory provisions regulating the exploration for and production of oil and natural gas, including provisions related to permits for the drilling of wells, bonding requirements to drill or operate wells, the location of wells, the method of drilling and casing wells, the surface use and restoration of properties upon which wells are drilled, sourcing and disposal of water used in the drilling and completion process, and the abandonment of wells. Our operations are also subject to various conservation laws and regulations. These include the regulation of the size of drilling and spacing units or proration units, the number of wells which may be drilled in an area, and the unitization or pooling of oil or natural gas wells, as well as regulations that generally prohibit the venting or flaring of natural gas, and impose certain requirements regarding the ratability or fair apportionment of production from fields and individual wells. These laws and regulations may limit the amount of oil and gas we can drill. Moreover, each state generally imposes a production or severance tax with respect to the production and sale of oil, NGL and gas within its jurisdiction. States do not regulate wellhead prices or engage in other similar direct regulation, but there can be no assurance that they will not do so in the future. The effect of such future regulations may be to limit the amounts of oil and gas that may be produced from our wells, negatively affect the economics of production from these wells or limit the number of locations we can drill.

        The failure to comply with the rules and regulations of oil and natural gas production and related operations can result in substantial penalties. Our competitors in the oil and natural gas industry are subject to the same regulatory requirements and restrictions that affect our operations.

Regulation Affecting Sales and Transportation of Commodities

        Sales prices of gas, oil, condensate and NGL are not currently regulated and are made at market prices. Although prices of these energy commodities are currently unregulated, the United States Congress historically has been active in their regulation. We cannot predict whether new legislation to regulate oil and gas, or the prices charged for these commodities might be proposed, what proposals, if any, might actually be enacted by the United States Congress or the various state legislatures and what effect, if any, the proposals might have on our operations. Sales of oil and natural gas may be subject to certain state and federal reporting requirements.

        The price and terms of service of transportation of the commodities, including access to pipeline transportation capacity, are subject to extensive federal and state regulation. Such regulation may affect the marketing of oil and natural gas produced by the partnership, as well as the revenues received for sales of such production. Gathering systems may be subject to state ratable take and common purchaser statutes. Ratable take statutes generally require gatherers to take, without undue discrimination, oil and natural gas production that may be tendered to the gatherer for handling. Similarly, common purchaser statutes generally require gatherers to purchase, or accept for gathering, without undue discrimination as to source of supply or producer. These statutes are designed to prohibit discrimination in favor of one producer over another producer or one source of supply over another source of supply. These statutes may affect whether and to what extent gathering capacity is available for oil and natural gas production, if any, of the drilling program and the cost of such

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capacity. Further state laws and regulations govern rates and terms of access to intrastate pipeline systems, which may similarly affect market access and cost.

        The FERC regulates interstate natural gas pipeline transportation rates and service conditions. The FERC is continually proposing and implementing new rules and regulations affecting interstate transportation. The stated purpose of many of these regulatory changes is to ensure terms and conditions of interstate transportation service are not unduly discriminatory or unduly preferential, to promote competition among the various sectors of the natural gas industry and to promote market transparency. We do not believe that our drilling program will be affected by any such FERC action in a manner materially differently than other similarly situated natural gas producers.

        In addition to the regulation of natural gas pipeline transportation, FERC has additional, jurisdiction over the purchase or sale of gas or the purchase or sale of transportation services subject to FERC's jurisdiction pursuant to the EPAct 2005. Under the EPAct 2005, it is unlawful for "any entity," including producers such as us, that are otherwise not subject to FERC's jurisdiction under the NGA to use any deceptive or manipulative device or contrivance in connection with the purchase or sale of gas or the purchase or sale of transportation services subject to regulation by FERC, in contravention of rules prescribed by FERC. FERC's rules implementing this provision make it unlawful, in connection with the purchase or sale of gas subject to the jurisdiction of FERC, or the purchase or sale of transportation services subject to the jurisdiction of FERC, for any entity, directly or indirectly, to use or employ any device, scheme or artifice to defraud; to make any untrue statement of material fact or omit to make any such statement necessary to make the statements made not misleading; or to engage in any act or practice that operates as a fraud or deceit upon any person. EPAct 2005 also gives FERC authority to impose civil penalties for violations of the NGA and the Natural Gas Policy Act of 1978 up to $1.0 million/d per violation. The anti-manipulation rule applies to activities of otherwise non-jurisdictional entities to the extent the activities are conducted "in connection with" gas sales, purchases or transportation subject to FERC jurisdiction, which includes the annual reporting requirements under FERC Order No. 704 (defined below).

        In December 2007, FERC issued a final rule on the annual natural gas transaction reporting requirements, as amended by subsequent orders on rehearing ("Order No. 704"). Under Order No. 704, any market participant, including a producer that engages in certain wholesale sales or purchases of gas that equal or exceed 2.2 million MMBtus of physical natural gas in the previous calendar year, must annually report such sales and purchases to FERC on Form No. 552 on May 1 of each year. Form No. 552 contains aggregate volumes of natural gas purchased or sold at wholesale in the prior calendar year to the extent such transactions utilize, contribute to the formation of price indices. Not all types of natural gas sales are required to be reported on Form No. 552. It is the responsibility of the reporting entity to determine which individual transactions should be reported based on the guidance of Order No. 704. Order No. 704 is intended to increase the transparency of the wholesale gas markets and to assist FERC in monitoring those markets and in detecting market manipulation.

        The FERC also regulates rates and terms and conditions of service on interstate transportation of liquids, including oil and NGL, under the Interstate Commerce Act, as it existed on October 1, 1977 ("ICA"). Prices received from the sale of liquids may be affected by the cost of transporting those products to market. The ICA requires that certain interstate liquids pipelines maintain a tariff on file with FERC. The tariff sets forth the established rates as well as the rules and regulations governing the service. The ICA requires, among other things, that rates and terms and conditions of service on interstate common carrier pipelines be "just and reasonable." Such pipelines must also provide jurisdictional service in a manner that is not unduly discriminatory or unduly preferential. Shippers have the power to challenge new and existing rates and terms and conditions of service before FERC.

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        The rates charged by many interstate liquids pipelines are currently adjusted pursuant to an annual indexing methodology established and regulated by FERC, under which pipelines increase or decrease their rates in accordance with an index adjustment specified by FERC. For the five-year period beginning July 1, 2011, FERC established an annual index adjustment equal to the change in the producer price index for finished goods plus 2.65%. This adjustment is subject to review every five years. Under FERC's regulations, a liquids pipeline can request a rate increase that exceeds the rate obtained through application of the indexing methodology by obtaining market-based rate authority (demonstrating the pipeline lacks market power), establishing rates by settlement with all existing shippers, or through a cost-of-service approach (if the pipeline establishes that a substantial divergence exists between the actual costs experienced by the pipeline and the rates resulting from application of the indexing methodology). Increases in liquids transportation rates may result in lower revenue and cash flows for the partnership.

        In addition, due to common carrier regulatory obligations of liquids pipelines, capacity must be prorated among shippers in an equitable manner in the event there are nominations in excess of capacity or for new shippers. Therefore, new shippers or increased volume by existing shippers may reduce the capacity available to us. Any prolonged interruption in the operation or curtailment of available capacity of the pipelines that we rely upon for liquids transportation could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. However, we believe that access to liquids pipeline transportation services generally will be available to us to the same extent as to our similarly situated competitors.

        Rates for intrastate pipeline transportation of liquids are subject to regulation by state regulatory commissions. The basis for intrastate liquids pipeline regulation, and the degree of regulatory oversight and scrutiny given to intrastate liquids pipeline rates, varies from state to state. We believe that the regulation of liquids pipeline transportation rates will not affect our operations in any way that is materially different from the effects on our similarly situated competitors.

        In addition to FERC's regulations, we are required to observe anti-market manipulation laws with regard to our physical sales of energy commodities. In November 2009, the FTC issued regulations pursuant to the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007, intended to prohibit market manipulation in the petroleum industry. Violators of the regulations face civil penalties of up to $1 million per violation per day. In July 2010, Congress passed the Dodd-Frank Act, which incorporated an expansion of the authority of the CFTC to prohibit market manipulation in the markets regulated by the CFTC. This authority, with respect to oil swaps and futures contracts, is similar to the anti-manipulation authority granted to the FTC with respect to oil purchases and sales. In July 2011, the CFTC issued final rules to implement their new anti-manipulation authority. The rules subject violators to a civil penalty of up to the greater of $1 million or triple the monetary gain to the person for each violation.

Regulation of Environmental and Occupational Safety and Health Matters

        Our operations are subject to stringent federal, state and local laws and regulations governing occupational safety and health aspects of our operations, the discharge of materials into the environment and environmental protection. Numerous governmental entities, including the EPA and analogous state agencies have the power to enforce compliance with these laws and regulations and the permits issued under them, often requiring difficult and costly actions. These laws and regulations may, among other things (i) require the acquisition of permits to conduct drilling and other regulated activities; (ii) restrict the types, quantities and concentration of various substances that can be released into the environment or injected into formations in connection with oil and natural gas drilling and production activities; (iii) limit or prohibit drilling activities on certain lands lying within wilderness, wetlands and other protected areas; (iv) require remedial measures to mitigate pollution from former and ongoing operations, such as requirements to close pits and plug abandoned wells; (v) apply specific

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health and safety criteria addressing worker protection; and (vi) impose substantial liabilities for pollution resulting from drilling and production operations. Any failure to comply with these laws and regulations may result in the assessment of administrative, civil and criminal penalties, the imposition of corrective or remedial obligations, the occurrence of delays or restrictions in permitting or performance of projects, and the issuance of orders enjoining performance of some or all of our operations.

        These laws and regulations may also restrict the rate of oil and natural gas production below the rate that would otherwise be possible. The regulatory burden on the oil and natural gas industry increases the cost of doing business in the industry and consequently affects profitability. The trend in environmental regulation is to place more restrictions and limitations on activities that may affect the environment, and thus any changes in environmental laws and regulations or re-interpretation of enforcement policies that result in more stringent and costly well drilling, construction, completion or water management activities, or waste handling, storage transport, disposal, or remediation requirements could have a material adverse effect on our financial position and results of operations. We may be unable to pass on such increased compliance costs to our customers. Moreover, accidental releases or spills may occur in the course of our operations, and we cannot assure you that we will not incur significant costs and liabilities as a result of such releases or spills, including any third-party claims for damage to property, natural resources or persons. Continued compliance with existing requirements is not expected to materially affect us. However, there is no assurance that we will be able to remain in compliance in the future with such existing or any new laws and regulations or that such future compliance will not have a material adverse effect on our business and operating results.

        The following is a summary of the more significant existing and proposed environmental and occupational safety and health laws, as amended from time to time, to which our business operations are or may be subject and for which compliance may have a material adverse impact on our capital expenditures, results of operations or financial position.

Hazardous Substances and Wastes

        The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act ("RCRA"), and comparable state statutes, regulate the generation, transportation, treatment, storage, disposal and cleanup of hazardous and non-hazardous wastes. Pursuant to rules issued by the EPA, the individual states administer some or all of the provisions of RCRA, sometimes in conjunction with their own, more stringent requirements. Drilling fluids, produced waters, and most of the other wastes associated with the exploration, development, and production of oil or natural gas, if properly handled, are currently exempt from regulation as hazardous waste under RCRA and, instead, are regulated under RCRA's less stringent non-hazardous waste provisions, state laws or other federal laws. However, it is possible that certain oil and natural gas drilling and production wastes now classified as non-hazardous could be classified as hazardous wastes in the future. For example, on May 4, 2016, several non-governmental environmental groups filed suit against the EPA in the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia for failing to timely assess its RCRA Subtitle D criteria regulations for oil and natural gas wastes, asserting that the agency is required to review its Subtitle D regulations every three years but has not conducted an assessment on those oil and natural gas waste regulations since July 1988. Any such change could result in an increase in our as well as the oil and natural gas exploration and production industry's costs to manage and dispose of wastes, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial position. In the course of our operations, we generate some amounts of ordinary industrial wastes, such as paint wastes, waste solvents and waste oils that may be regulated as hazardous wastes.

        The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act ("CERCLA"), also known as the Superfund law, and comparable state laws impose joint and several liability, without regard to fault or legality of conduct, on classes of persons who are considered to be responsible for the release of a hazardous substance into the environment. These persons include the current and

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former owners and operators of the site where the release occurred and anyone who disposed or arranged for the disposal of a hazardous substance released at the site. Under CERCLA, such persons may be subject to joint and several liability for the costs of cleaning up the hazardous substances that have been released into the environment, for damages to natural resources and for the costs of certain health studies. CERCLA also authorizes the EPA and, in some instances, third parties to act in response to threats to the public health or the environment and to seek to recover from the responsible classes of persons the costs they incur. In addition, it is not uncommon for neighboring landowners and other third-parties to file claims for personal injury and property damage allegedly caused by the hazardous substances released into the environment. We generate materials in the course of our operations that may be regulated as hazardous substances.

        We currently own, lease, or operate numerous properties that have been used for oil and natural gas exploration, production and processing for many years. Although we believe that we have utilized operating and waste disposal practices that were standard in the industry at the time, hazardous substances, wastes, or petroleum hydrocarbons may have been released on, under or from the properties owned or leased by us, or on, under or from other locations, including off-site locations, where such substances have been taken for treatment or disposal. In addition, some of our properties have been operated by third parties or by previous owners or operators whose treatment and disposal of hazardous substances, wastes, or petroleum hydrocarbons was not under our control. These properties and the substances disposed or released on, under or from them may be subject to CERCLA, RCRA and analogous state laws. Under such laws, we could be required to undertake response or corrective measures, which could include removal of previously disposed substances and wastes, cleanup of contaminated property or performance of remedial plugging or pit closure operations to prevent future contamination, the costs of which could be substantial.

Water Discharges

        The Federal Water Pollution Control Act, also known as the Clean Water Act ("CWA"), and analogous state laws, impose restrictions and strict controls with respect to the discharge of pollutants, including spills and leaks of oil and hazardous substances, into state waters and waters of the United States. The discharge of pollutants into regulated waters is prohibited, except in accordance with the terms of a permit issued by the EPA or an analogous state agency. Spill prevention, control and countermeasure plan requirements imposed under the CWA require appropriate containment berms and similar structures to help prevent the contamination of navigable waters in the event of a petroleum hydrocarbon tank spill, rupture or leak. In addition, the CWA and analogous state laws require individual permits or coverage under general permits for discharges of storm water runoff from certain types of facilities. The CWA also prohibits the discharge of dredge and fill material in regulated waters, including wetlands, unless authorized by permit. The EPA has issued final rules attempting to clarify the federal jurisdictional reach over waters of the United States but this rule has been stayed nationwide by the U.S. Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals as that appellate court and numerous district courts ponder lawsuits opposing implementation of the rule. In February 2016, a split three-judge panel of the Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals concluded that it has jurisdiction to review challenges to these final rules and the Sixth Circuit subsequently elected not to review this decision en banc but it is currently unknown whether other federal Circuit Courts or state courts currently considering this rulemaking will place their cases on hold, pending the Sixth Circuit's hearing of the case. Federal and state regulatory agencies can impose administrative, civil and criminal penalties for non-compliance with discharge permits or other requirements of the CWA and analogous state laws and regulations.

        The Oil Pollution Act of 1990 ("OPA"), amends the CWA and sets minimum standards for prevention, containment and cleanup of oil spills. The OPA applies to vessels, offshore facilities, and onshore facilities, including exploration and production facilities that may affect waters of the United States. Under OPA, responsible parties including owners and operators of onshore facilities may be

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held strictly liable for oil cleanup costs and natural resource damages as well as a variety of public and private damages that may result from oil spills. The OPA also requires owners or operators of certain onshore facilities to prepare Facility Response Plans for responding to a worst-case discharge of oil into waters of the United States.

Subsurface Injections

        In the course of our operations, we produce water in addition to oil and natural gas. Water that is not recycled may be disposed of in disposal wells, which inject the produced water into non-producing subsurface formations. Underground injection operations are regulated pursuant to the Underground Injection Control ("UIC") program established under the federal Safe Drinking Water Act ("SDWA") and analogous state laws. The UIC program requires permits from the EPA or an analogous state agency for the construction and operation of disposal wells, establishes minimum standards for disposal well operations, and restricts the types and quantities of fluids that may be disposed. A change in UIC disposal well regulations or the inability to obtain permits for new disposal wells in the future may affect our ability to dispose of produced water and ultimately increase the cost of our operations. For example, in response to recent seismic events near belowground disposal wells used for the injection of oil and natural gas-related wastewaters, federal and some state agencies have begun investigating whether such wells have caused increased seismic activity, and some states have shut down or imposed moratoria on the use of such disposal wells. In response to these concerns, regulators in some states have adopted, and other states are considering adopting, additional requirements related to seismic safety. Increased costs associated with the transportation and disposal of produced water, including the cost of complying with regulations concerning produced water disposal, may reduce our profitability; however, these costs are commonly incurred by all oil and natural gas producers and we do not believe that the costs associated with the disposal of produced water will have a material adverse effect on our operations.

Air Emissions

        The CAA and comparable state laws restrict the emission of air pollutants from many sources, such as, for example, tank batteries and compressor stations, through air emissions standards, construction and operating permitting programs and the imposition of other compliance standards. These laws and regulations may require us to obtain pre-approval for the construction or modification of certain projects or facilities expected to produce or significantly increase air emissions, obtain and strictly comply with stringent air permit requirements or utilize specific equipment or technologies to control emissions of certain pollutants. The need to obtain permits has the potential to delay the development of oil and natural gas projects. Over the next several years, we may be charged royalties on natural gas losses or required to incur certain capital expenditures for air pollution control equipment or other air emissions related issues. For example, on January 22, 2016, the BLM released a proposed rule aimed at reducing natural gas lost through natural gas venting, flaring and equipment leaks from both new and existing production activities on federal lands. Except where natural gas loss is "unavoidable," as defined by the proposed rule, operators would be charged royalties on natural gas losses from onshore federal and Indian mineral leases administered by the BLM. In a second example, the EPA promulgated rules in 2012 under the CAA that subject oil and natural gas production, processing, transmission and storage operations to regulation under the NSPS and a separate set of requirements to address certain hazardous air pollutants frequently associated with oil and natural gas production and processing activities pursuant to the National Standards for Emission of Hazardous Air Pollutants ("NESHAPS") program. With regards to production activities, these final rules require, among other things, the reduction of VOC emissions from certain fractured and refractured natural gas wells for which well completion operations are conducted and further requires that a subset of these selected wells use reduced emission completions, also known as "green completions." These regulations also establish specific new requirements regarding emissions from production-related wet seal and

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reciprocating compressors, and from pneumatic controllers and storage vessels. On June 3, 2016, the EPA published final rules establishing new air emission controls for methane emissions from certain new, modified or reconstructed equipment and processes in the oil and natural gas source category, including production, processing, transmission and storage activities. The EPA's final rules include the NSPS to limit methane emissions from equipment and processes across the oil and natural gas source category. The rules also extend limitations on VOC emissions to sources that were unregulated under the previous NSPS at Subpart OOOO. Affected methane and VOC sources include hydraulically fractured (or re-fractured) oil and natural gas well completions, fugitive emissions from well sites and compressors, and pneumatic pumps. In a third example, on October 1, 2015, the EPA issued a final rule under the Clean Air Act, lowering the NAAQS for ground-level ozone from the current standard of 75 ppb for the current 8-hour primary and secondary ozone standards to 70 ppb for both standards. The final rule became effective on December 28, 2015. States are expected to implement more stringent requirements as a result of this new final rule, which could apply to our operations.

        Compliance with one or more of these and other air pollution control and permitting requirements has the potential to delay the development of oil and natural gas projects and increase our costs of development and production, which costs could be significant.

Regulation of GHG Emissions

        In response to findings that emissions of carbon dioxide, methane and other GHGs present an endangerment to public health and the environment, the EPA has adopted regulations under existing provisions of the Clean Air Act that, among other things, establish PSD construction and Title V operating permit reviews for certain large stationary sources that are already potential major sources of certain principal, or criteria, pollutant emissions. Facilities required to obtain PSD permits for their GHG emissions also will be required to meet "best available control technology" standards that typically will be established by state agencies. In addition, the EPA has adopted rules requiring the monitoring and annual reporting of GHG emissions from specified large, GHG emission sources in the United States, including certain onshore and offshore oil and natural gas production sources, which include certain of our operations.

        While Congress has from time to time considered legislation to reduce emissions of GHGs, there has not been significant activity in the form of adopted legislation to reduce GHG emissions at the federal level in recent years. In the absence of such federal climate legislation, a number of state and regional efforts have emerged that are aimed at tracking and/or reducing GHG emissions by means of cap and trade programs that typically require major sources of GHG emissions to acquire and surrender emission allowances in return for emitting those GHGs. In addition, the United States is one of almost 200 nations that, in December 2015, agreed to the Paris Agreement, an international climate change agreement in Paris, France that calls for countries to set their own GHG emissions targets and be transparent about the measures each country will use to achieve its GHG emissions targets. A long-term goal of this Paris Agreement is to limit global warming to below two degrees Celsius by 2100 from temperatures in the pre-industrial era. Although it is not possible at this time to predict how new laws or regulations in the United States or any legal requirements imposed following the United States' agreeing to the Paris Agreement that may be adopted or issued to address GHG emissions would impact our business, any such future laws, regulations or legal requirements imposing reporting or permitting obligations on, or limiting emissions of GHGs from, our equipment and operations could require us to incur costs to reduce emissions of GHGs associated with our operations as well as delays or restrictions in our ability to permit GHG emissions from new or modified sources. In addition, substantial limitations on GHG emissions could adversely affect demand for the oil and natural gas we produce. Finally, it should be noted that increasing concentrations of GHGs in the Earth's atmosphere may produce climate changes that have significant physical effects, such as increased frequency and

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severity of storms, floods and other climatic events; if any such effects were to occur, they could have an adverse effect on our exploration and production operations.

Hydraulic Fracturing Activities

        Hydraulic fracturing is an important and common practice that is used to stimulate production of natural gas and/or oil from dense subsurface rock formations. We regularly use hydraulic fracturing as part of our operations. Hydraulic fracturing involves the injection of water, sand or alternative proppant and chemicals under pressure into targeted geological formations to fracture the surrounding rock and stimulate production.

        Hydraulic fracturing is typically regulated by state oil and natural gas commissions. However, several federal agencies have asserted regulatory authority over certain aspects of the process. For example, the EPA published final CAA regulations in 2012 and, more recently, in June 2016 governing performance standards, including standards for the capture of air emissions released during oil and natural gas hydraulic fracturing, leak detection, and permitting; published on June 28, 2016 an effluent limited guideline final rule prohibiting the discharge of wastewater from onshore unconventional oil and natural gas extraction facilities to publicly owned wastewater treatment plants; and issued in 2014 a prepublication of its Advance Notice of Proposed Rulemaking regarding Toxic Substances Control Act reporting of the chemical substances and mixtures used in hydraulic fracturing. Also, the BLM published a final rule in March 2015, establishing stringent standards relating to hydraulic fracturing on federal and American Indian lands, but on June 21, 2016, a Wyoming federal judge struck down this final rule, finding that the BLM lacked congressional authority to promulgate the rule. Also, from time to time, legislation has been introduced, but not enacted, in Congress to provide for federal regulation of hydraulic fracturing and to require disclosure of the chemicals used in the fracturing process. In the event that a new, federal level of legal restrictions relating to the hydraulic-fracturing process is adopted in areas where we operate, we may incur additional costs to comply with such federal requirements that may be significant in nature, and also could become subject to additional permitting requirements and experience added delays or curtailment in the pursuit of exploration, development, or production activities.

        At the state level, Colorado, where we conduct operations, is among the states that has adopted, and other states are considering adopting, regulations that could impose new or more stringent permitting, disclosure or well-construction requirements on hydraulic fracturing operations. States could elect to prohibit high volume hydraulic fracturing altogether, following the approach taken by the State of New York in 2015. In addition to state laws, local land use restrictions, such as city ordinances, may restrict drilling in general and/or hydraulic fracturing in particular. For example, several cities in Colorado passed temporary or permanent moratoria on hydraulic fracturing within their respective cities' limits in 2012-2013 but, since that time, in response to lawsuits brought by an industry trade group, the Colorado Oil and Gas Association, local district courts struck down the ordinances for certain of those Colorado cities in 2014, primarily on the basis that state law preempts local bans on hydraulic fracturing. The cities of Fort Collins and Longmont, among those cities whose ordinances were struck down in 2014, appealed their decisions to the Colorado Supreme Court, but on May 2, 2016, the state supreme court upheld the lower court rulings in the two cases, holding that the legal measures pursued by Fort Collins and Longmont were pre-empted by state law and, therefore, unenforceable. Notwithstanding attempts at the local level to prohibit hydraulic fracturing, there exists the opportunity for cities to adopt local ordinances allowing hydraulic fracturing activities within their jurisdictions but regulating the time, place and manner of those activities.

        In addition, certain interest groups in Colorado opposed to oil and natural gas development generally, and hydraulic fracturing in particular, have from time to time advanced various options for ballot initiatives aimed at significantly limiting or preventing oil and natural gas development. In response to such initiatives, the Governor of Colorado created the Task Force in September 2014 to

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make recommendations to the state legislature regarding the responsible development of Colorado's oil and gas resources. In February 2015, the Task Force made nine non-binding recommendations to the Governor that will require legislative or regulatory action to be implemented. See "Risk Factors—Federal, state and local legislative and regulatory initiatives relating to hydraulic fracturing as well as governmental reviews of such activities could result in increased costs and additional operating restrictions or delays in the completion of oil and natural gas wells and adversely affect our production," for more information on these recommendations. It is possible that, as a result of the Task Force's recommendations, the Colorado state legislature could seek to adopt new policies or legislation relating to oil and natural gas operations, including measures that would give local governments in Colorado greater authority to limit hydraulic fracturing and other oil and natural gas operations or require greater distances between well sites and occupied structures. In addition, it is possible that notwithstanding the recommendations made by the Task Force, certain interest groups in Colorado or even members of the Colorado state legislature may seek to pursue ballot initiatives in the future, perhaps as early as November 2016, and/or legislation that may or may not coincide with the Task Force's recommendations, including, among other things, pursuit of initiatives or legislation for changes in state law that would allow local governments to ban hydraulic fracturing in Colorado.

        In the event that ballot initiatives or local or state restrictions or prohibitions are adopted in areas where we conduct operations, including the Wattenberg Field in Colorado, that impose more stringent limitations on the production and development of oil and natural gas, including, among other things, the development of increased setback distances, we and similarly situated oil and natural exploration and production operators in the state may incur significant costs to comply with such requirements or may experience delays or curtailment in the pursuit of exploration, development, or production activities, and possibly be limited or precluded in the drilling of wells or in the amounts that we and similarly situated operates are ultimately able to produce from our reserves. Any such increased costs, delays, cessations, restrictions or prohibitions could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, results of operations, financial condition, and liquidity.

        In addition, several governmental reviews are underway that focus on environmental aspects of hydraulic fracturing activities. The White House Council on Environmental Quality is coordinating an administration-wide review of hydraulic fracturing practices. Also, the EPA released its draft report on the potential impacts of hydraulic fracturing on drinking water resources in June 2015, which report concluded that hydraulic fracturing activities have not led to widespread, systemic impacts on drinking water sources in the United States, although there are above and below ground mechanisms by which hydraulic fracturing activities have the potential to impact drinking water sources. However, in January 2016, the EPA's Science Advisory Board provided its comments on the draft study, indicating its concern that EPA's conclusion of no widespread, systemic impacts on drinking water sources arising from fracturing activities did not reflect the uncertainties and data limitations associated with such impacts, as described in the body of the draft report. The final version of this EPA report remains pending and is expected to be completed in 2016. These existing or any future studies, depending on their degree of pursuit and any meaningful results obtained, could spur efforts to further regulate hydraulic fracturing.

Ballot Initiatives that would Further Limit Certain Oil and Natural Gas Development Activities

        In accordance with the Colorado Constitution, citizens in Colorado have the right to pursue amended or new state legislation through a ballot initiative process. Proponents of legal requirements imposing more stringent restrictions on oil and gas exploration and production activities in Colorado have sought to include on the November 2016 ballot certain ballot initiatives that, if approved, would allow revisions to the state constitution in a manner that would make such exploration and production activities in the state more difficult in the future. Among the ballot initiatives pursued in 2016 are Initiative Number 75, which seeks to authorize local governmental control over oil and natural gas development in Colorado that could result in the imposition of more stringent requirements than

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currently implemented under state law, and Initiative 78, which proposes a much more stringent 2,500-foot mandatory setback between an oil and natural gas development facility (including oil and natural gas wells, production and processing equipment and pits) and specified occupied structures and areas of special concern. Changes sought under these ballot initiatives would be applied to new oil and gas development facilities in Colorado. Proponents of these measures collected signatures for placing Initiatives 75 and 78 on the November 2016 ballot and submitted those signatures to the Colorado Secretary of State by the August 8, 2016 deadline. However, on August 29, 2016, the Secretary of State announced that the proponents had failed to gather enough valid signatures to put Initiatives 75 and 78 on the November 2016 ballot. Supporters of Initiatives 75 and 78 have 30 days to appeal the decision in state court. Notwithstanding the Colorado Secretary of State's announcement on August 29, 2016, in the event that ballot initiatives or local or state restrictions or prohibitions are adopted in the future in areas where we conduct operations that impose more stringent limitations on the production and development of oil and natural gas, we may incur significant costs to comply with such requirements or may experience delays or curtailment in the pursuit of exploration, development, or production activities, and possibly be limited or precluded in the drilling of wells or in the amounts that we are ultimately able to produce from our reserves.

Activities on Federal Lands

        Oil and natural gas exploration, development and production activities on federal lands, including American Indian lands and lands administered by the BLM, are subject to the National Environmental Policy Act ("NEPA"). NEPA requires federal agencies, including the BLM, to evaluate major agency actions having the potential to significantly impact the environment. In the course of such evaluations, an agency will prepare an Environmental Assessment that assesses the potential direct, indirect and cumulative impacts of a proposed project and, if necessary, will prepare a more detailed Environmental Impact Statement that may be made available for public review and comment. While we currently have minimal exploration, development and production activities on federal lands, our proposed exploration, development and production activities are expected to include leasing of federal mineral interests, which will require the acquisition of governmental permits or authorizations that are subject to the requirements of NEPA. This process has the potential to delay or limit, or increase the cost of, the development of oil and natural gas projects. Authorizations under NEPA are also subject to protest, appeal or litigation, any or all of which may delay or halt projects. Moreover, depending on the mitigation strategies recommended in Environmental Assessments or Environmental Impact Statements, we could incur added costs, which may be substantial.

Endangered Species and Migratory Birds Considerations

        The federal Endangered Species Act ("ESA"), and comparable state laws were established to protect endangered and threatened species. Pursuant to the ESA, if a species is listed as threatened or endangered, restrictions may be imposed on activities adversely affecting that species' habitat. Similar protections are offered to migrating birds under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act. We may conduct operations on oil and natural gas leases in areas where certain species that are listed as threatened or endangered are known to exist and where other species, such as the sage grouse, that potentially could be listed as threatened or endangered under the ESA may exist. Moreover, as a result of a 2011 settlement agreement, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service ("FWS") is required to make a determination on listing of numerous species as endangered or threatened under the FSA by no later than completion of the agency's 2017 fiscal year. The identification or designation of previously unprotected species as threatened or endangered in areas where underlying property operations are conducted could cause us to incur increased costs arising from species protection measures, time delays or limitations on our exploration and production activities that could have an adverse impact on our ability to develop and produce reserves. If we were to have a portion of our leases designated as critical or suitable habitat, it could adversely impact the value of our leases.

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OSHA

        We are subject to the requirements of the OSHA and comparable state statutes whose purpose is to protect the health and safety of workers. In addition, the OSHA hazard communication standard, the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act and comparable state statutes and any implementing regulations require that we organize and/or disclose information about hazardous materials used or produced in our operations and that this information be provided to employees, state and local governmental authorities and citizens.

Related Permits and Authorizations

        Many environmental laws require us to obtain permits or other authorizations from state and/or federal agencies before initiating certain drilling, construction, production, operation, or other oil and natural gas activities, and to maintain these permits and compliance with their requirements for on-going operations. These permits are generally subject to protest, appeal, or litigation, which can in certain cases delay or halt projects and cease production or operation of wells, pipelines, and other operations.

Related Insurance

        We maintain insurance against some risks associated with above or underground contamination that may occur as a result of our exploration and production activities. However, this insurance is limited to activities at the well site and there can be no assurance that this insurance will continue to be commercially available or that this insurance will be available at premium levels that justify its purchase by us. The occurrence of a significant event that is not fully insured or indemnified against could have a materially adverse effect on our financial condition and operations. Further, we have no coverage for gradual, long-term pollution events.

Employees

        As of June 30, 2016, we employed 120 people. We are not a party to any collective bargaining agreements and have not experienced any strikes or work stoppages. We consider our relations with our employees to be satisfactory.

        From time to time we utilize the services of independent contractors to perform various field and other services.

Facilities

        Our corporate headquarters is located in Denver, Colorado.

Legal Proceedings

        We have received four invoices related to a terminated firm natural gas transportation service agreement. The natural gas transportation provider has demanded payment under this terminated agreement. We delivered written notice disputing any and all amounts due related to this terminated agreement. If legal proceedings relating to this matter are initiated, we may incur material legal expenses if this dispute results in litigation. In the event there is an adverse outcome, we currently estimate that our future loss could be up to $37.2 million, which would be paid over the 10-year term of transportation service agreement.

        In the ordinary course of business, we may at times be subject to claims and legal actions. Except as described above, management believes it is remote that the impact of such matters will have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or liquidity.

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CORPORATE REORGANIZATION

        At or prior to the closing of this offering:

    XOG will convert from a Delaware limited liability company into a Delaware corporation;

    We will redeem the Series A Preferred Units in full with a portion of the net proceeds of this offering; and

    Holdings will merge with and into us, and we will be the surviving entity to such merger, with the equity holders in Holdings, other than the holders of the Series B Preferred Units (which will be converted in connection with the closing of this offering into shares of Series A Preferred Stock), but including the holders of restricted units and incentive units, receiving an aggregate number of shares of our common stock based on an implied valuation for us based on the initial public offering price set forth on the cover page of this prospectus and the current relative levels of ownership in Holdings, pursuant to the terms of the limited liability company agreement of Holdings, with the allocation of such shares among our existing equity holders to be later determined, pursuant to the terms of the limited liability company agreement of Holdings, by reference to an implied valuation for us based on the 10-day volume weighted average price of our common stock following the closing of this offering.

        As part of Holdings' merger with and into us, Holdings' other subsidiaries will become our direct or indirect subsidiaries.

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        The following diagram indicates our simplified ownership structure immediately before this offering and the transactions described above:

GRAPHIC


(1)
Includes investment funds affiliated with OZ Management LP, Apollo Capital Management, BlackRock, Inc., and Neuberger Berman Group LLC, among others. Includes the issuance of the Series A Preferred Units and Series B Preferred Units (which are convertible into Series A Preferred Stock), as described under "Prospectus Summary—Recent Developments—Convertible Preferred Securities."

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        The following diagram indicates our simplified ownership structure immediately after this offering and the transactions described above (assuming that the underwriters' option to purchase additional shares is not exercised):

GRAPHIC


(1)
Includes investment funds managed by Yorktown Partners LLC, investment funds affiliated with OZ Management LP, BlackRock, Inc., Neuberger Berman Group LLC and management, among others.

(2)
Includes      shares of our common stock issuable upon conversion of all of the shares of our Series A Preferred Stock, assuming that all of the shares of Series A Preferred Stock were converted by the Series A Preferred Holders immediately after the consummation of this offering at a conversion ratio per share of Series A Preferred Stock of            .

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Existing Owners Ownership

        The table below sets forth the percentage ownership of our current holders of equity interests in Holdings ("Existing Owners") prior to this offering and after the consummation of this offering.

 
   
  Equity Interests
Following this
Offering
 
 
  Percentage
Ownership in
Holdings Prior to
this Offering(2)
 
Existing Owners(1)
  Common
Stock
  Voting
Power (%)
 

Yorktown Co Investment Partners, LP

      %           %

Yorktown Energy Partners X, L.P. 

                   

Yorktown Energy Partners IX, L.P. 

                   

Yorktown Energy Partners XI, L.P. 

                   

Bronco Investments (EQ), LLC(3)

                   

Neuberger Berman

                   

BlackRock Inc. 

                   

Executive officers

                   

Other employees

                   

Other investors

                   

    100 %           %

(1)
The number of shares of common stock to be issued to our Existing Owners is based on an implied equity value of Holdings immediately prior to this offering, based on an initial public offering price of $            per share of common stock, the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus. The actual number of shares received by our Existing Owners will be determined after the closing of this offering based on the 10-day volume weighted average price of our common stock following the closing of this offering. Any increase or decrease (as applicable) of the assumed initial public offering price (or in the 10-day volume weighted average price of our common stock following the closing of this offering) will result in an increase or decrease in the number of shares of common stock to be received by the holders of Incentive Units in Holdings and a corresponding increase or decrease in the number of shares of common stock to be received by our other existing investors, but will not affect the aggregate numbers of shares of common stock held by our Existing Owners. Assuming that the 10-day volume weighted average price of our common stock following the closing of this offering is equal to the public offering price of $            (the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover of this prospectus), Incentive Unit holders will receive                         million shares of our common stock. A $1.00 increase (decrease) in this assumed common stock price would increase (decrease) the aggregate number of shares to be received by the Incentive Unit holders by       million shares.

(2)
Does not include Incentive Units, Series A Preferred Units and the Series B Preferred Units.

(3)
Equity interests following this offering include                  shares of common stock issuable to Bronco Investments (EQ), LLC or one or more of its affiliates on conversion of all the shares of our Series A Preferred Stock, assuming that all of the shares of Series A Preferred Stock are converted immediately after the consummation of this offering at a conversion ratio per share of Series A Preferred Stock of                  .

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MANAGEMENT

Directors and Executive Officers

        The following sets forth information regarding our directors and executive officers:

Name
  Age   Position

Mark A. Erickson

    56   Chief Executive Officer and Chairman

Matthew R. Owens

    30   President and Director

Russell T. Kelley, Jr. 

    40   Chief Financial Officer

John S. Gaensbauer

    45   Director

Peter A. Leidel

    60   Director

Bryan R. Lawrence

    49   Director

Marvin M. Chronister

    65   Director Nominee

        Mark A. Erickson—Chief Executive Officer and Chairman.     Mr. Erickson is our Chairman, CEO and co-founder. From 2010 to 2014, he served as Chairman and CEO of Denver-based PRL, a privately held oil and gas exploration and development company, where he remains as Chairman of the Board. From 2001 to 2010, Mr. Erickson served as CEO, President and Director of publicly traded Gasco Energy, Inc. ("Gasco Energy"), a Uinta Basin-focused oil & gas company which he co-founded. Mr. Erickson served as President of Pannonian Energy Inc. from mid-1999 until it merged with Gasco Energy in February 2001. In late 1997, Mr. Erickson co-founded Pennaco Energy, Inc. ("Pennaco"), a publicly traded oil and gas company with properties in Wyoming's Powder River Basin. He served as an officer and director of Pennaco from its inception until mid-1999. Mr. Erickson began his career at North American Resources, which was the exploration and production subsidiary of Montana Power Company. A Helena, Montana native, Mr. Erickson has over 30 years of experience in business development, finance, strategic planning, marketing, project management and petroleum engineering. He holds an MS in mineral economics from the Colorado School of Mines and a BS in petroleum engineering from the Montana College of Mineral Science and Technology. We believe that Mr. Erickson's experience founding and leading our growth as our Chief Executive Officer and his extensive experience leading various oil and gas companies qualify him to serve on our board of directors.

        Matthew R. Owens—President and Director.     Mr. Owens is our co-founder and President. From 2008-2010, he served as Operations Engineer for Gasco Energy, working deep, high-pressured gas in the Uinta Basin. While at Gasco Energy, he drilled and completed over 50 wells in the Mancos, Blackhawk and Mesaverde formations. From 2010-2012, Mr. Owens worked at PDC Energy, an oil and gas exploration and development company with a primary focus on the Wattenberg Field, as an Operations Engineer, leading the horizontal completion and production activities in the Wattenberg Field. He completed over 45 horizontal Codell and Niobrara wells and was responsible for optimizing production for the program. Mr. Owens has been our President since our formation in 2012, which, at the time, was a wholly owned subsidiary of PRL. Mr. Owens holds a BS degree in petroleum engineering from the Colorado School of Mines. We believe that Mr. Owens' experience founding and leading our growth as our President and his background in completion and production activities qualify him to serve on our board of directors.

        Russell T. Kelley, Jr.—Chief Financial Officer.     Mr. Kelley has served as our Chief Financial Officer since July 2014. Prior to joining us, he ran the Oil & Gas practice of Moelis & Company, a global investment bank, from 2011 to 2014, where he was a partner and managing director covering upstream and integrated oil & gas companies. From 2005 to 2011, he worked at Goldman, Sachs & Co., a global investment bank, where he was a Senior Vice President. In such roles, Mr. Kelley has executed over $70 billion of M&A/advisory assignments and has led capital market transactions raising over $15 billion for clients. He has been in the energy and financial sector since 1998, with experience in

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commodities trading, corporate development and investment banking. He holds a MBA from The Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania where he graduated as a Palmer Scholar and a BA from Vanderbilt University.

        John S. Gaensbauer—Director.     Mr. Gaensbauer has served as a member of our board of directors since our inception. Mr. Gaensbauer is a managing director in the energy and natural resources practice at Headwaters MB, a Denver-based investment banking firm ("Headwaters"). Prior to joining Headwaters in May 2016, Mr. Gaensbauer was a partner at Sierra Partners LLC, an advisory firm that he helped found in 2007, which provides strategic and financial planning, management and transactional support to clients in the global resources industry. Mr. Gaensbauer is also a director of PRL, a position he has held since February 2011. Mr. Gaensbauer has an extensive background in international mining and natural resources transactions and finance. Prior to joining Sierra Partners, Mr. Gaensbauer served as Group Executive, Investor Relations for Newmont Mining Corporation ("Newmont"), a mining company and one of the world's largest producers of gold. Prior to that, Mr. Gaensbauer served as in-house counsel to Newmont, managing the legal affairs and transactions for Newmont's West African, Central Asian and European operations. Mr. Gaensbauer holds a BA degree from Cornell University and Master of Finance and JD degrees from the University of Denver. We believe that Mr. Gaensbauer's experience advising and supporting global resources clients and his background in international mining and natural resources transactions and finance qualify him for service on our board of directors.

        Peter A. Leidel—Director.     Mr. Leidel has served as a member of our board of directors since our inception and as a director of PRE since June 2012. Mr. Leidel is a member of Yorktown, a position he has held since he co-founded it in September 1990. Previously, he was a partner of Dillon, Read & Co. Inc.'s venture capital group, an investment bank, held corporate treasury positions at Mobil Corporation, an oil and gas company, and worked for KPMG LLP, an accounting firm, and for the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Mr. Leidel is a director of Mid-Con Energy Partners L.P. and Carbon Natural Gas Company and is also a director of certain non-public companies in the energy industry in which Yorktown's funds hold equity interests. He is also a director of the University of Wisconsin Foundation. He is a graduate of the University of Wisconsin, with a BBA degree in accounting and of the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania, with a MBA. We believe that Mr. Leidel's strong accounting background and previous experience serving as director of various public companies engaged in the oil and natural gas industry qualify him for service on our board of directors.

        Bryan R. Lawrence—Director.     Mr. Lawrence has served as a member of our board of directors since our inception. Mr. Lawrence has been a member of Yorktown since 2013. In 2004, Mr. Lawrence founded Oakcliff Capital, an investment partnership. Prior to founding Oakcliff, Mr. Lawrence was a managing director at Lazard Ltd, a financial advisory and asset management firm. He is a board member of Convergent Power & Energy, LLC, Indigo Minerals LLC, North Shore Energy LLC and PRL. He is a director of several non-profits, including the Public Prep Network, Families for Excellent Schools and the Oakcliff Sailing Center, and is a member of the business advisory council of ProPublica. Mr. Lawrence has more than twenty years of experience in investing, corporate finance and corporate governance, and holds a bachelor's degree from Yale, a master's degree from Cambridge and a MBA from Harvard. We believe that Mr. Lawrence's experience in investing, corporate finance and corporate governance and his service on the board of various energy companies qualify him for service on our board of directors.

        Marvin M. Chronister—Director Nominee.     Mr. Chronister has been nominated to serve on our board of directors, effective concurrently with this offering. Mr. Chronister is currently the owner of Enfield Companies, which is engaged in consulting and investment activities in the oil and gas sector. Mr. Chronister previously served as Interim Chief Executive Officer and Interim President of Bonanza Creek Energy, Inc., a domestic energy exploration and production company, from January 2014 until

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November 2014 and as a director of Bonanza Creek Energy, Inc., from 2011 to June 2016. From September 2009 until December 2010, Mr. Chronister served as Chairman and interim CEO of Sonde Resources Corp., an oil and gas exploration and production company focused on Western Canada and North Africa, where he also served as a director from 2009 to 2012. Mr. Chronister's prior professional experience includes roles at Deloitte & Touch, LLP, Kidder Peabody, Merrill Lynch, Transwestern Investments, Kiddie Corporation, and N.L. Industries. Mr. Chronister has previously served on the boards of Saratogo Resources, Inc., Harken Energy Corporation, Creel Energy Corporation, Resource Development Corporation, Transwestern Investments, Inc., and Electro-Marine, Inc. Mr. Chronister holds a Bachelor of Business Administration degree from Stephen F. Austin State University. We believe that Mr. Chronister's experience in investing, corporate finance and corporate governance and his service on the board of various energy companies qualify him for service on our board of directors.

Board of Directors

        In evaluating director candidates, we will assess whether a candidate possesses the integrity, judgment, knowledge, experience, skills and expertise that are likely to enhance the board's ability to manage and direct our affairs and business, including, when applicable, to enhance the ability of the committees of the board to fulfill their duties. We are in the process of identifying individuals who meet these standards and the relevant independence requirements. Currently, we anticipate that our board will determine that each of Messrs.                 ,                 and                are independent under the independence standards of the NASDAQ.

        Our directors hold office until the earlier of their death, resignation, retirement, disqualification or removal or until their successors have been duly elected and qualified.

        Our directors will be divided into three classes serving staggered three-year terms. At each annual meeting of stockholders held after the initial classification, directors will be elected to succeed the class of directors whose terms have expired. This classification of our board of directors could have the effect of increasing the length of time necessary to change the composition of a majority of the board of directors. In general, at least two annual meetings of stockholders will be necessary for stockholders to effect a change in a majority of the members of the board of directors. Messrs.                         will be assigned to Class I, Messrs.                         will be assigned to Class II, and Messrs.                         will be assigned to Class III.

Committees of the Board of Directors

        Upon the conclusion of this offering, we intend to have an audit committee, a compensation committee and a nominating and corporate governance committee of our board of directors, and may have such other committees as the board of directors shall determine from time to time. We anticipate that each of the standing committees of the board of directors will have the composition and responsibilities described below.

Audit Committee

        We will establish an audit committee prior to the completion of this offering. We anticipate that following completion of this offering our audit committee will consist of at least one director who will be independent under the rules of the SEC. As required by the rules of the SEC and listing standards of the NASDAQ, the audit committee will consist solely of independent directors. SEC rules also require that a public company disclose whether or not its audit committee has an "audit committee financial expert" as a member. An "audit committee financial expert" is defined as a person who, based on his or her experience, possesses the attributes outlined in such rules. We anticipate that at least one of our independent directors will satisfy the definition of "audit committee financial expert."

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We anticipate that our audit committee will initially consist of                                    , who is independent under the rules of the SEC.

        This committee will oversee, review, act on and report on various auditing and accounting matters to our board of directors, including: the selection of our independent accountants, the scope of our annual audits, fees to be paid to the independent accountants, the performance of our independent accountants and our accounting practices. In addition, the audit committee will oversee our compliance programs relating to legal and regulatory requirements. We expect to adopt an audit committee charter defining the committee's primary duties in a manner consistent with the rules of the SEC and applicable stock exchange or market standards.

Compensation Committee

        We will establish a compensation committee prior to completion of this offering. We anticipate that the compensation committee will consist of at least one director who will be "independent" under the rules of the SEC. This committee will establish salaries, incentives and other forms of compensation for officers and other employees. Our compensation committee will also administer our incentive compensation and benefit plans. We expect to adopt a compensation committee charter defining the committee's primary duties in a manner consistent with the rules of the SEC and applicable stock exchange or market standards. We anticipate that our compensation committee will initially consist of                                    , who is independent under the rules of the SEC.

Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee

        We will establish a nominating and corporate governance committee prior to completion of this offering. We anticipate that the nominating and corporate governance committee will consist of at least one director who will be "independent" under the rules of the SEC. This committee will identify, evaluate and recommend qualified nominees to serve on our board of directors; develop and oversee our internal corporate governance processes; and maintain a management succession plan. We expect to adopt a nominating and corporate governance committee charter defining the committee's primary duties in a manner consistent with the rules of the SEC and applicable stock exchange or market standards. We anticipate that our nominating and corporate governance committee will initially consist of                                    , who is independent under the rules of the SEC.

Reserves Committee

        We will establish a reserves committee prior to completion of this offering. This committee will assist the Board and the audit committee in fulfilling their oversight responsibilities with respect to the annual review of our oil and natural gas reserves and of any independent qualified reserves consultant. We expect to adopt a reserves committee charter defining the committee's primary duties in a manner consistent with the ruels of the SEC and applicable stock exchange or market standards. We anticipate that our reserves committee will initially consist of                    .

Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation

        None of our executive officers serve on the board of directors or compensation committee of a company that has an executive officer that serves on our board or compensation committee. No member of our board is an executive officer of a company in which one of our executive officers serves as a member of the board of directors or compensation committee of that company.

Code of Business Conduct and Ethics

        Prior to the completion of this offering, our board of directors will adopt a code of business conduct and ethics applicable to our employees, directors and officers, in accordance with applicable

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U.S. federal securities laws and the corporate governance rules of the NASDAQ. Any waiver of this code may be made only by our board of directors and will be promptly disclosed as required by applicable U.S. federal securities laws and the corporate governance rules of the NASDAQ.

Corporate Gove r nance Guidelines

        Prior to the completion of this offering, our board of directors will adopt corporate governance guidelines in accordance with the corporate governance rules of the NASDAQ.

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EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

Named Executive Officers

        We are currently considered an emerging growth company for purposes of the SEC's executive compensation disclosure rules. Accordingly, our compensation disclosure obligations are more limited and extend only to the individuals serving as our chief executive officer and our two other most highly compensated executive officers (our "Named Executive Officers"). For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015, our Named Executive Officers were:

Name
  Principal Position
Mark A. Erickson   Chief Executive Officer and Chairman
Matthew R. Owens   President and Director
Russell T. Kelley, Jr.    Chief Financial Officer

2015 Summary Compensation Table

        The following table summarizes the compensation awarded to, earned by, or paid to our Named Executive Officers for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014.

        Prior to the completion of this offering, our Named Executive Officers performed services both for us and for other business segments operated by Holdings, and the aggregate compensation paid to those Named Executive Officers has been in recognition of all services provided. Following the offering, we expect that 100% of the services of our Named Executive Officers will be allocated to us. The amounts set forth in the table below reflects only the portion of such aggregate compensation received by the Named Executive Officers relating to services provided to us.

Name and Principal Position
  Year   Salary(1)   Bonus(2)   Stock
Awards(3)
  Option
Awards(4)
  All Other
Compensation(5)
  Total  

Mark A. Erickson

    2015   $ 228,750   $ 381,250   $   $   $   $ 610,000  

(Chief Executive Officer)

    2014   $ 255,000   $ 255,000   $ 2,650,180         $   $ 3,160,180  

Matthew R. Owens

   
2015
 
$

251,250
 
$

418,750
 
$

 
$

 
$

10,050
 
$

680,050
 

(President)

    2014   $ 277,500   $ 277,500   $ 1,920,375         $ 21,497   $ 2,496,872  

Russell T. Kelley, Jr. 

   
2015
 
$

264,000
 
$

440,000
 
$

 
$

 
$

10,560
 
$

714,560
 

(Chief Financial Officer)

    2014   $ 142,500   $ 285,000   $ 3,149,250         $ 4,275   $ 3,581,025  

(1)
This column reflects the portion of the aggregate compensation received by each Named Executive Officer in the form of base salary that is attributable to services performed for us. For 2015, this portion of aggregate compensation was estimated as 76% for Mr. Erickson, 84% for Mr. Owens, and 88% for Mr. Kelley. For 2014, this portion of aggregate compensation was estimated as 85% for Mr. Erickson, 93% for Mr. Owens, and 95% for Mr. Kelley. Mr. Kelley joined Extraction on June 30, 2014, so the amount included in this column for 2014 reflects a pro-rated annual base salary for the months of service to us.

(2)
This column reflects the portion relating to services performed for us of the aggregate amounts received by each Named Executive Officer for fiscal years 2015 and 2014 pursuant to our discretionary annual cash bonus program, which were paid on April 28, 2016 and May 1, 2015, respectively. For 2015, the portion of the aggregate discretionary bonus received in 2016 by each Named Executive Officer relating to services performed for us in 2015 was estimated as 76% for Mr. Erickson, 84% for Mr. Owens, and 88% for Mr. Kelley. For 2014, the portion of the aggregate discretionary bonus received in 2015 by each Named Executive Officer relating to services

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    performed for us in 2014 was estimated as 85% for Mr. Erickson, 93% for Mr. Owens, and 95% for Mr. Kelley.

(3)
Amounts reported in this column represent the aggregate grant date fair value determined in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification Topic 718 ("FASB ASC Topic 718") for restricted unit awards, or RUAs, granted in 2014, as adjusted to reflect the estimated portion of each Named Executive Officer's aggregate services that were rendered to us during the year. These amounts do not correspond to the actual value that will be recognized by the executive. See Note 10—Unit-Based Compensation to the financial statements included in this registration statement for additional detail regarding assumptions underlying the value of these awards. Pursuant to SEC rules, the amounts shown in the table above for the restricted unit awards exclude the effect of estimated forfeitures.

(4)
The Named Executive Officers received a grant of incentive units (described below) during the 2015 fiscal year. We believe that, despite the fact that incentive units do not require the payment of an exercise price, they are most similar economically to stock options, and as such they are properly classified as "options" under the definition provided in Item 402(a)(6)(i) of Regulation S-K as an instrument with an "option-like feature." Amounts reported in this column reflect a grant date fair value determined in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718 of $0. Because the performance conditions related to these awards were not deemed probable at the time of grant in 2015, no amounts have been reported in 2015 for purposes of this table. These awards do not have maximum payout levels. These amounts do not correspond to the actual value that will be recognized by the executive. See Note 10—Unit-Based Compensation to the financial statements included in this registration statement for additional detail regarding assumptions underlying the value of these awards and for a description of their accounting treatment as liability awards under FASB ASC Topic 718.

(5)
Amounts reported in the "All Other Compensation" column for 2015 include an adjusted amount of the car allowance provided to the Named Executive Officers, reflecting the estimated allocable portion of compensation that relates to services performed for us.

Outstanding Equity Awards at 2015 Fiscal Year-End

        The following table reflects information regarding outstanding equity-based awards held by our Named Executive Officers as of December 31, 2015. The amounts shown in the following table for Stock Awards represent restricted unit awards granted to our Named Executive Officers pursuant to the Holdings 2014 Membership Unit Incentive Plan, and the amounts shown in the table for Options represent Incentive Units granted in 2015 pursuant to the limited liability company agreement of Holdings. These restricted unit awards and Incentive Units represent equity-based interests in Holdings, which are expected to vest in full and ultimately convert into shares of our common stock at or prior to the closing of this offering. For additional information, see the discussion above under "Corporate Reorganization" and the discussion below under "Long-Term Incentive Compensation." Although only a portion of the aggregate compensation paid to our Named Executive Officers is attributable to their

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services provided to us, the information reflected in the table below includes the aggregate amounts relating to all such outstanding restricted unit awards.

 
  Options Awards    
   
 
 
  Number of
Securities
Underlying
Unexercised
Options,
Exercisable
(#)(1)
  Number of
Securities
Underlying
Unexercised
Options,
Unexercisable
(#)(1)
   
   
  Stock Awards  
 
  Option
Exercise
Price
($)(1)
  Option
Exercise
Date(1)
  Number of Shares
or Units of Stock
That Have Not
Vested (#)(2)
  Market Value of
Shares or Units of
Stock That Have
Not Vested($)(3)
 

Mark A. Erickson

    0     1,080,000     N/A     N/A     1,167,463   $ 3,128,801  

Matthew R. Owens

    0     1,080,000     N/A     N/A     755,029   $ 2,023,477  

Russell T. Kelley, Jr. 

    0     840,000     N/A     N/A     1,125,000   $ 3,015,000  

(1)
We believe that, despite the fact that the profits units do not require the payment of an exercise price, they are most similar economically to stock options, and as such, they are properly classified as "options" under the definition provided in Item 402(a)(6)(i) of Regulation S-K as an instrument with an "option-like feature." The profits interest awards are divided into three equal tiers (for Messrs. Erickson and Owens, 360,000 incentive units in each of Tier I, Tier, II, and Tier III, and for Mr. Kelley, 280,000 incentive units in each such Tier), each such Tier having a separate distribution threshold, but the same vesting schedule, which provides for vesting over a three-year period following the grant date of October 7, 2015, with 25% vesting on each of the first and second anniversaries of the date of grant, and the remaining 50% vesting on the third anniversary of the date of grant (with vesting between the first and third anniversaries occurring pro-rata based on the number of full months elapsed since the last vesting date). The treatment of these awards upon certain termination and change in control events is described below under "Potential Payments Upon a Termination or Change in Control."

(2)
The equity awards reported in this column are subject to time-based vesting conditions, with 25% vesting on each of the first and second anniversaries of the date of grant, and the remaining 50% vesting on the third anniversary of the date of grant. The treatment of these awards upon certain termination and change in control events is described below under "Potential Payments Upon a Termination or Change in Control." The following table reflects the number of unvested unit awards for each named executive officer as of December 31, 2015:

Name
  Grant Date   Type of Award   # of Units
Granted
  # of Unvested
Units
 

Mark A. Erickson

  October 15, 2012   Restricted Units     420,638      

  July 1, 2013   Restricted Units     218,732     109,366  

  January 1, 2014   Restricted Units     260,796     195,597  

  May 29, 2014   Restricted Units     1,150,000     862,500  

Total

            2,050,166     1,167,463  

Matthew R. Owens

 

July 1, 2013

 

Restricted Units

   
100,953
   
50,477
 

  January 1, 2014   Restricted Units     143,017     107,263  

  May 29, 2014   Restricted Units     478,158     358,618  

  June 18, 2014   Restricted Units     318,228     238,671  

Total

            1,040,356     755,029  

Russell T. Kelley, Jr. 

 

July 1, 2014

 

Restricted Units

   
1,500,000
   
1,125,000
 

Total

            1,500,000     1,125,000  
(3)
Calculated based on the fair market value of Holdings' equity as of December 31, 2015, which was $2.68 per unit.

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Narrative Disclosure to Summary Compensation Table and Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End

Employment Agreements

        We have historically not had any formal employment agreements in place with our Named Executive Officers. However, in connection with this offering, we expect that our Named Executive Officers will enter into employment agreements with us to reflect the executive's role with us going forward as a public company.

Base Salary

        Each Named Executive Officer's base salary is a fixed component of compensation for each year for performing specific job duties and functions. Historically, our board of directors has established the annual base salary rate for each of the Named Executive Officers at a competitive level, subject to periodic review, in consultation with management. Any adjustments to the base salary rates of the Named Executive Officers have been based upon consideration of any factors that our board of directors deems relevant, including but not limited to: (a) any increase or decrease in the executive's responsibilities, (b) the executive's job performance, and (c) the level of compensation paid to executives of other companies with which we compete for executive talent, as estimated based on publicly available information and the experience of members of our board of directors and our Chief Executive Officer. There were no changes in base salary for our Named Executive Officers from 2014 to 2015, and the different amounts reflected in the Summary Compensation Table for these years is attributable to the reduced allocable share of services that our Named Executive Officers provided to us, relative to their services performed for Holdings Following the closing of this offering, our Chief Executive Officer will work with our board of directors to determine the amount, if any, of any future modifications to the base salary levels for each of our Named Executive Officers.

Annual Bonus

        Historically, we have maintained a fully discretionary bonus program. Following the close of a fiscal year, our board has previously determined the amount, if any, of the discretionary annual bonuses awarded to each of our Named Executive Officers after careful review of our performance over the course of the preceding fiscal year. Items that have been taken into account during this subjective assessment have included, but were not limited to, reserves growth, production growth, and our financial performance as measured by EBITDA. There are no performance metrics or formulas used to calculate the amounts of bonuses paid although the bonus guideline percentage of salary is considered in the board's determination. For 2015, each of the Named Executive Officers was awarded a bonus equal to 167% of annual base salary.

        Following the closing of this offering, our Chief Executive Officer will work with our board of directors to establish an annual bonus program for our employees for future years. No decisions regarding our future annual bonus program have been made at this time.

Long-Term Incentive Compensation

    Restricted Unit Awards (RUAs)

        Long-term incentives have historically been granted to our Named Executive Officers through grants of restricted unit awards, or RUAs, pursuant to the Holdings 2014 Membership Unit Incentive Plan (the "Incentive Plan"). These equity-based awards are subject to time-based vesting requirements, as well as accelerated vesting upon the occurrence of a termination of employment in connection with a change of control. The RUAs granted in 2014 to each of the Named Executive Officers are designed to vest in three annual installments, as follows: 25% on each of the first and second anniversaries of

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the date of grant and 50% on the third anniversary of the date of grant; however, vesting will be fully accelerated if the award-holder's service with Holdings is terminated as a result of a "change of control" (as defined below under "Additional Narrative Disclosure— Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change in Control ") occurring prior to the satisfaction of this time-based vesting schedule. Any unvested RUAs are forfeited without consideration upon the holder's termination of employment or service. In addition to the RUAs granted to our Named Executive Officers in 2014 that are reflected in the tables above, we anticipate that 1,531,542 additional RUAs will be granted to our Named Executive Officers prior to the closing of the offering, which shall be subject to different vesting and forfeiture restrictions (the "2016 RUAs"). The 2016 RUAs are expected to vest ratably in equal annual tranches on the first, second, and third anniversaries of the date of grant, with accelerated vesting upon a change in control. This offering will constitute a change of control.

        In addition to tax distributions on these awards, holders of RUAs are entitled to receive distributions when and as determined by the board of directors. The ultimate amount received by each holder will vary depending on the level of amounts distributed.

    Incentive Units (Profits Interests)

        In 2015, Holdings granted to each of the Named Executive Officers Incentive Units, which are profits interest representing an interest in the future profits (once a certain level of proceeds has been generated of Holdings and granted pursuant to the Second amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of Extraction Oil & Gas Holdings, LLC (the "Holdings LLC Agreement")). These profits interests (the "Incentive Units") represent interests in Holdings that have no value for tax purposes on the date of grant and are designed to gain value only after the underlying assets have realized a certain level of growth and return to those individuals who hold certain classes of Holdings' equity. The Incentive Units are intended to provide the holders with the ability to benefit from the growth of Holdings, including the growth in our operations and business.

        The Incentive Units are divided into three tiers. A potential payout for each tier will occur only after a specified level of cumulative cash distributions has been received by members that have made capital contributions to us, as further described below. Tier I, II, and III Incentive Units are designed to vest in three annual installments (25% on each of the first two anniversaries of the date of grant, and 50% on the third anniversary, with the second and third installments vesting on a monthly basis as described above) although vesting will be fully accelerated upon the occurrence of a "change of control" (as defined below under "Additional Narrative Disclosure— Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change in Control ") occurring prior to the time-based vesting becoming satisfied. The difference between a vested and unvested Incentive Unit is that once vested, in the event that the executive's employment terminates other than for "cause" (defined below), the executive retains all vested profits interests awards as non-voting interests. Any unvested profits interests are forfeited without consideration upon the holder's termination of employment or service, except in the event of certain qualifying terminations of employment, for which accelerated vesting is provided, as described below.

        Under the Holdings LLC Agreement, the Tier I, Tier II and Tier III Incentive Units are entitled to 15%, 20% and 30%, respectively, of future distributions to members only after equity owners shall have received certain cumulative levels of distributions in respect of their membership interests.

        As used in the paragraphs above, a "capital contribution" to Holdings generally means, for any member thereof, the dollar amount of any cash and the fair market value of any property or services contributed to Holdings.

        See "Additional Narrative Disclosure— Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change in Control" below for details regarding treatment of Incentive Units and RUAs upon a termination of employment or a change in control.

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    Treatment of Incentive Units and RUAs in Connection with this Offering

        In connection with the closing of the offering, it is anticipated that all of Holdings' outstanding equity interests, including the Incentive Units and the RUAs, but excluding the Series A Preferred Units (which will be redeemed in connection with this offering) and the Series B Preferred Units (which will be converted into shares of our Series A Preferred Stock) will be exchanged for shares of our common stock in connection with the merger of Holdings with and into us, calculated using an implied equity valuation for us based on the initial public offering price set forth on the cover page of this prospectus. The aggregate number of shares issued to the Existing Owners will not change based on the initial public offering price; however, the allocation of shares of our common stock amongst our Existing Owners, including with respect to the outstanding RUAs and Incentive Units held by our Named Executive Officers, will be determined based on the 10-day volume weighted average price of our common stock immediately following the closing of this offering. Assuming that the 10-day volume weighted average price of our common stock following the closing of this offering is equal to the public offering price of $      (the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover of this prospectus), Messrs. Erickson, Owens and Kelley would receive approximately          ,           and          shares of common stock, respectively (of which            ,             and            shares, respectively, will remain subject to continued vesting and forfeiture, as described for the 2016 RUAs above), with respect to the RUAs they hold in Holdings and          ,          and          shares of our common stock, respectively, with respect to the Incentive Units they hold in Holdings. A $1.00 increase (decrease) in this assumed common stock price would increase (decrease) the aggregate number of shares to be received by the Messrs. Erickson, Owens and Kelley by          ,           and           shares, respectively.

        Following the closing of this offering, it is expected that our executive officers will no longer receive, pursuant to the Incentive Plan or the Holdings LLC Agreement, additional long-term incentive compensation for services rendered to us or our subsidiaries; rather, it is expected that any such long-term incentive compensation will be awarded to our Named Executive Officers pursuant to the long-term incentive plan that we expect our board of directors to adopt in connection with the offering, as described in the succeeding paragraph below.

    Long-Term Incentive Plan

        In order to incentivize management members following the completion of this offering, we anticipate that our board of directors will adopt an omnibus long-term incentive plan ("LTIP") for employees, consultants, and directors. Once adopted, our Named Executive Officers will be eligible to participate in this plan, which we expect will become effective upon the consummation of this offering. We anticipate that the long-term incentive plan will provide for the grant of bonus stock, restricted stock, restricted stock units, options, stock appreciation rights, dividend equivalent rights, performance awards, annual incentive awards, substitute awards and other stock-based awards intended to align the interests of key service providers (including the Named Executive Officers) with those of our stockholders. It is expected that our Named Executive Officers will receive grants of options and restricted stock units in connection with the closing of this offering. However, the amounts of such awards and their vesting and other terms have not yet been determined.

Other Compensation Elements

        We have historically offered participation in broad-based retirement and health and welfare plans to all of our employees. We currently maintain a retirement plan intended to provide benefits under section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code where employees, including our Named Executive Officers, are allowed to contribute portions of their base compensation to a tax-qualified retirement account. See "Additional Narrative Disclosure—Retirement Benefits" for more information. In addition, minimal perquisites have historically been provided to our Named Executive Officers, namely

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a car allowance. In connection with this offering, we expect that each of these benefits will continue to be provided to the Named Executive Officers.

Additional Narrative Disclosure

Retirement Benefits

        We have not maintained, and do not currently maintain, a defined benefit pension plan or nonqualified deferred compensation plan. We currently maintain a retirement plan intended to provide benefits under section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code where employees, including our Named Executive Officers, are allowed to contribute portions of their base compensation to a tax-qualified retirement account. We provide matching contributions equal to 100% of the first 3% of employees' eligible compensation contributed to the plan and 50% of the next 2% of employees' eligible compensation contributed to the plan, for a total of 4% on the first 5% of eligible contributions. However, none of our Named Executive Officers received any matching contributions with respect to services provided to us in 2015.

Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change in Control

    Confidentiality and Non-Competition Agreements

        Although we do not currently have any employment agreements with our Named Executive Officers, such individuals are subject to Confidentiality and Non-Competition Agreements, which were entered into in 2014. Under these agreements, the Named Executive Officers have agreed to certain confidentiality, non-competition and non-solicitation covenants. The confidentiality and non-solicitation covenants apply during the term of the agreement and for a one-year period following the officer's termination of employment. The non-competition covenants apply during the term of the agreement and for up to one year following the officer's termination of employment. If the officer's termination of employment occurs due to a voluntary resignation or a termination by Holdings for "cause" (as such term is defined below), or if the officer has breached any of the restrictions included in the agreement, the post-termination restrictive period for purposes of the non-competition restrictions is equal to one year. If the officer's services are terminated by Holdings for a reason other than for "cause" and the officer is not in breach of the agreement, and Holdings chooses to pay to the officer, in connection with his termination of services, monthly severance payments in an amount equal to the officer's then current monthly base salary, then the post-termination restrictive period for purposes of the non-competition covenants is equal to the period during which such monthly severance payments continue to be made, up to one year following the date of termination. Whether an officer will become entitled to any such severance payments in connection with a termination of service with Holdings is to be determined by Holdings, in its complete discretion, at the time of termination, and is subject to the officer continuing to comply with any restrictive covenants imposed on him under the agreement.

        For purposes of the above, "cause" is defined as any determination by Holdings in its reasonable, good faith discretion that the officer has (a) been convicted of (or entered a plea of nolo contendere to) any felony or any offense that has harmed or will likely harm Holdings or that involves theft, fraud, embezzlement, moral turpitude or similar conduct, (b) willfully or continually failed to perform his duties other than due to disability, or (c) engaged in any act or omission that is contrary to the best interests of Holdings, including a violation of any Holdings policy that has materially harmed (or is likely to materially harm) Holdings. If Holdings determines that a cure is possible and appropriate, it shall provide the officer with notice and an opportunity to cure the acts or omissions constituting cause.

    Restricted Unit Awards (RUAs)

        The Incentive Plan provides that each Named Executive Officer's outstanding, unvested restricted unit awards will become 100% vested upon the Named Executive Officer's termination of employment

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that occurs as a result of a change of control, which is defined as the occurrence of any of the following events, with certain limited exceptions: (a) the dissolution or liquidation of Holdings, (b) a reorganization, merger, or consolidation involving Holdings in which it is not the surviving entity, (c) the sale of all or substantially all of the assets of Holdings, or (d) the acquisition of ownership or control of more than 50% of the outstanding membership units or other equity interests of Holdings, but excluding an initial public offering. However, no event will constitute a change of control for purposes of such accelerated vesting to the extent the assumption or continuation of such awards, or the substitution of new awards for such RUAs, in each case with appropriate adjustment, is required.

        After the consummation of this offering, there will be no futher liability with respect to the RUAs in Holdings. See "— Treatment of Incentive Units and RUAs in Connection with this Offering " for a discussion of the treatment of the RUAs held by our Named Executive Officers in connection with the consummation of this offering.

    Incentive Units

        As described under "—Narrative Description to the Summary Compensation Table for the 2015 Fiscal Year—Long-Term Incentive Compensation" above, the Incentive Units held by our Named Executive Officers are either forfeited or remain outstanding following the officer's termination of employment, with no acceleration of vesting or payment being made under the awards upon such termination of employment, except for certain qualifying terminations of employment. More specifically, in the event the Named Executive Officer dies or becomes disabled, all unvested Incentive Units will become 100% vested; in the event of an involuntary termination of the executive's employment, either by the company without "cause" or by the employee for "good reason," 50% of the Incentive Units that are not yet vested shall become vested, and the remaining unvested Incentive Units shall be forfeited; and if the executive voluntarily terminates employment without "good reason," all unvested Incentive Units shall be forfeited. If distributions are made with respect to a tier of the profits interest awards, both vested and unvested units will receive the distributions, and the holder of such units would be entitled to keep any such distributions regardless of whether the units were subsequently forfeited.

        A termination for "cause" will generally occur upon the individual's (i) conviction of, or plea of nolo contendere to, any felony or crime causing harm to us or our affiliates or involving acts of theft, fraud, embezzlement, moral turpitude or similar conduct; (ii) willful and continual failure to substantially perform his duties to us; or (iii) engaging in any act or omission that is contrary to our best interests or that has materially harmed or likely will materially harm us, including any violation of our code of business conduct and ethics or other company policy.

        An individual will have a right to terminate employment for "good reason" upon the occurrence, without the written consent of the executive, of any of the following events directed or caused by us: (i) a material reduction in the amount of the executive's base salary; (ii) a material diminution in the executive's authority, duties, or responsibilities, or an adverse change in the executive's reporting relationship; or (iii) a material change in the principal place of business of the company, pursuant to certain notice and cure requirements.

        A "change of control" is generally deemed to occur upon (i) the dissolution or liquidation of Holdings; (ii) certain reorganizations, mergers, or consolidations of Holdings with one or more entities in which Holdings is not the surviving entity; (iii) the sale of all or substantially all of the assets of Holdings; (iv) any person or entity or groups of related persons or entities (other than certain Yorktown entities) acquires or gains ownership or control of more than 50% of the outstanding units or other equity interests of Holdings; (v) the completion of a qualified public offering; or (vi) any other transaction pursuant to which a majority of the members constituting the Board of Managers of Holdings ceases to hold the majority of the seats on the board of the surviving entity. It is expected

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that this offering and the transactions described under "Corporate Reorganization," will constitute a change in control for purposes of the Incentive Units. After the consummation of this offering, there will be no futher liability with respect to the Incentive Units in Holdings. See "— Treatment of Incentive Units and RUAs in Connection with this Offering " for a discussion of the treatment of the Incentive Units held by our Named Executive Officers in connection with the consummation of this offering.

2015 Director Compensation

        None of our non-employee directors (including two who are members of Yorktown), nor any of our employee-directors, received any compensation as directors in 2015, as reflected in the following table concerning the compensation of our non-employee directors for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015:

Name
   
  Stock
Awards(1)
  Total  

John S. Gaensbauer

  2015          

Peter A. Leidel

  2015          

Bryan R. Lawrence

  2015          

(1)
No equity awards were granted to any of our non-employee directors for fiscal year 2015. However, as of December 31, 2015, Mr. Gaensbauer held an aggregate of 34,735 unvested restricted units that were granted under the LLC Agreement in prior years. These restricted unit awards are subject to time-based vesting conditions, with 25% vesting on each of the first and second anniversaries of the date of grant and the remaining 50% vesting on the third anniversary of the date of grant.

        Our board of directors believes that attracting and retaining qualified non-employee directors on a going-forward basis will be critical to the future value growth and governance of our company. Our board of directors also believes that the compensation package for our non-employee directors should require a portion of the total compensation to be equity-based to align the interests of these directors with our stockholders. We are reviewing the non-employee director compensation package used by our peers and are considering a non-employee director compensation program. No decisions regarding our non-employee director compensation program have been made at this time.

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SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT

        The following table sets forth the beneficial ownership of our common stock that, upon the consummation of this offering and the transactions related thereto, will be owned by:

        Except as otherwise noted, the person or entities listed below have sole voting and investment power with respect to all shares of our common stock beneficially owned by them, except to the extent this power may be shared with a spouse. All information with respect to beneficial ownership has been furnished by the respective 5% or more stockholders, directors, director nominees or executive officers, as the case may be. Unless otherwise noted, the mailing address of each listed beneficial owner is c/o Extraction Oil & Gas, Inc., 370 17th Street, Suite 5300, Denver, Colorado 80202.

        The table does not reflect any shares of common stock that directors and executive officers may purchase in this offering through the directed share program described under "Underwriting."

        To the extent that the underwriters sell more than                        shares of common stock, the underwriters have the option to purchase up to an additional                        shares from us. However, the table below assumes no exercise of such option.

 
  Shares Beneficially
Owned(1)
 
Name of Beneficial Owner
  Number   Percentage  

5% Stockholders:

             

YT Extraction Co Investment Partners, LP(2)

             

Yorktown Energy Partners X, L.P.(3)

             

Yorktown Energy Partners IX, L.P.(4)

             

Yorktown Energy Partners XI, L.P.(5)

             

Bronco Investments (EQ), LLC(6)

             

Entities affiliated with Neuberger Berman(7)

             

BlackRock Inc.(8)

             

Named Executive Officers and Directors:

             

Mark A. Erickson(9)

             

Matthew R. Owens

             

Russell T. Kelley, Jr. 

             

John S. Gaensbauer

             

Peter A. Leidel

             

Bryan R. Lawrence

             

Marvin M. Chronister

             

Executive Officers, Directors and Director Nominees as a Group (            total) :

             

(1)
The number of shares of common stock to be issued to the beneficial holders is based on an implied equity value of Holdings immediately prior to this offering, based on an initial public offering price of $            per share of common stock, the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus. The actual number of shares received by the beneficial holders will be determined after the closing of this offering based on the 10-day volume weighted average price of our common stock following the closing of this offering. See "Corporate Reorganization—Existing Owners Ownership."

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(2)
YT Extraction Company LP is the sole general partner of YT Extraction Co Investment Partners, LP. YT Extraction Associates LLC is the sole general partner of YT Extraction Company LP. The managers of YT Extraction Associates LLC, who act by majority approval, are Bryan H. Lawrence, W. Howard Keenan, Jr., Peter A. Leidel, Tomás R. LaCosta, Robert A. Signorino and Bryan R. Lawrence. As a result, YT Extraction Associates LLC may be deemed to share the power to vote or direct the vote or to dispose or direct the disposition of the common stock owned by YT Extraction Co Investment Partners, LP. YT Extraction Company LP and YT Extraction Associates LLC disclaim beneficial ownership of the common stock held by YT Extraction Co Investment Partners, LP in excess of their pecuniary interest therein. The managers of YT Extraction Associates LLC disclaim beneficial ownership of the common stock held by YT Extraction Co Investment Partners, LP.

(3)
Yorktown X Company LP is the sole general partner of Yorktown Energy Partners X, L.P. Yorktown X Associates LLC is the sole general partner of Yorktown X Company LP. The managers of Yorktown X Associates LLC, who act by majority approval, are Bryan H. Lawrence, W. Howard Keenan, Jr., Peter A. Leidel, Tomás R. LaCosta and Robert A. Signorino. As a result, Yorktown X Associates LLC may be deemed to share the power to vote or direct the vote or to dispose or direct the disposition of the common stock owned by Yorktown Energy Partners X, L.P. Yorktown X Company LP and Yorktown X Associates LLC disclaim beneficial ownership of the common stock held by Yorktown Energy Partners X, L.P. in excess of their pecuniary interest therein. The managers of Yorktown X Associates LLC disclaim beneficial ownership of the common stock held by Yorktown Energy Partners X, L.P.

(4)
Yorktown IX Company LP is the sole general partner of Yorktown Energy Partners IX, L.P. Yorktown IX Associates LLC is the sole general partner of Yorktown IX Company LP. The managers of Yorktown IX Associates LLC, who act by majority approval, are Bryan H. Lawrence, W. Howard Keenan, Jr., Peter A. Leidel, Tomás R. LaCosta and Robert A. Signorino. As a result, Yorktown IX Associates LLC may be deemed to share the power to vote or direct the vote or to dispose or direct the disposition of the common stock owned by Yorktown Energy Partners IX, L.P. Yorktown IX Company LP and Yorktown IX Associates LLC disclaim beneficial ownership of the common stock held by Yorktown Energy Partners IX, L.P. in excess of their pecuniary interest therein. The managers of Yorktown IX Associates LLC disclaim beneficial ownership of the common stock held by Yorktown Energy Partners IX, L.P.

(5)
Yorktown XI Company LP is the sole general partner of Yorktown Energy Partners XI, L.P. Yorktown XI Associates LLC is the sole general partner of Yorktown XI Company LP. The managers of Yorktown XI Associates LLC, who act by majority approval, are Bryan H. Lawrence, W. Howard Keenan, Jr., Peter A. Leidel, Tomás R. LaCosta, Robert A. Signorino, Bryan R. Lawrence and James C. Crain. As a result, Yorktown XI Associates LLC may be deemed to share the power to vote or direct the vote or to dispose or direct the disposition of the common stock owned by Yorktown Energy Partners XI, L.P. Yorktown XI Company LP and Yorktown XI Associates LLC disclaim beneficial ownership of the common stock held by Yorktown Energy Partners XI, L.P. in excess of their pecuniary interest therein. The managers of Yorktown XI Associates LLC disclaim beneficial ownership of the common stock held by Yorktown Energy Partners XI, L.P.

(6)
Bronco Investments (EQ), LLC is a Delaware limited liability company that is owned by certain investment funds affiliated with OZ Management LP, a Delaware limited partnership ("OZ Management"). OZ Management's sole general partner is Och-Ziff Holding Corporation ("OZHC"), a Delaware corporation, whose sole shareholder is Och-Ziff Capital Management Group LLC ("OZM"), a Delaware limited liability company. Each of OZ Management, OZHC, OZM and Daniel S. Och, in his capacity as the Chief Executive Officer of OZHC and the Chief Executive Officer, Chairman and an Executive Managing Director of OZM, may be deemed to be

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    a beneficial owner of the common stock held by Bronco Investments (EQ), LLC. The address for Bronco Investments (EQ), LLC is 9 West 57th Street, 39th Floor, New York, New York 10019.

(7)
Consists of (a)             shares of common stock held by NB PEP Holdings Limited, (b)                          shares of common stock held by NB Crossroads XX- MC Holdings LP, (c)             shares of common stock held by NB Sauger Fund Limited Partnership, (d)               shares of common stock held by NBSCIP II Extraction Holdings LP, and (e)                         shares of common stock held by NB SOF III Holdings LP. The registered holders of the referenced shares are funds, each a partnership with a general partner, under management by investment adviser subsidiaries of Neuberger Berman. Neuberger Berman is the ultimate parent holding company of such investment adviser entities. On behalf of such investment adviser entities, the respective management committees of the foregoing funds have voting and investment power over the shares held by the foregoing funds which are the registered holders of the referenced shares. Neuberger Berman expressly disclaims beneficial ownership of all shares held by such funds. The address of such funds, such investment adviser subsidiaries and the ultimate parent holding company, Neuberger Berman, is 605 3 rd  Avenue, New York, NY 10158, USA.

(8)
The registered holders of the referenced shares are: (a)                 shares of common stock in the Company held by SBC Master Pension Trust, (b)                 shares of common stock in the Company held by Red River Direct Investment Fund II, L.P., (c)                  shares of common stock in the Company held by BR/ERB Co-Investment Fund II, L.P., (d)                 shares of common stock in the Company held by BlackRock Private Opportunities Fund III, L.P., (e)                  shares of common stock in the Company held by The Lincoln National Life Insurance Company, (f)                 shares of common stock in the Company held by BlackRock Private Equity Onshore Holdings IV, L.P., (g)                 shares of common stock in the Company held by Vesey Street Employee Fund IV, L.P., (h)                  shares of common stock in the Company held by Vesey Street Fund V, L.P., (i)                 shares of common stock in the Company held by Vesey Street Fund V-M, L.P., (j)                  shares of common stock in the Company held by Orange PEP Fund, L.P., (k)                 shares of common stock in the Company held by NHRS Private Opportunities Fund,  L.P., (l)                 shares of common stock in the Company held by OV Private Opportunities, L.P., (m)                  shares of common stock in the Company held by The Equity-Broadway League Private Equity Fund I, L.P., (n)                 shares of common stock in the Company held by Arthur Street Fund IV, L.P., (o)                  shares of common stock in the Company held by Vesey Street Fund IV, L.P., (p)                 shares of common stock in the Company held by Special Credit Opportunities—Series A, a series of Special Credit Opportunities, L.P., (q)                 shares of common stock in the Company held by Special Credit Opportunities—Series B, a series of Special Credit Opportunities, L.P., and (r)                 shares of common stock in the Company held by Special Credit Opportunities—Series C, a series of Special Credit Opportunities, L.P. Each of the foregoing registered holders is a fund or account managed by investment adviser subsidiaries of BlackRock, Inc. BlackRock, Inc. is the ultimate parent holding company of such investment adviser entities. On behalf of such investment adviser entities, Jay Park, as a managing director of such entities, has voting and investment power over the shares held by the foregoing funds and accounts which are the registered holders of the referenced shares and units. Jay Park expressly disclaims beneficial ownership of all shares and units held by such funds and accounts. The address of such funds and accounts, such investment adviser subsidiaries and Jay Park is 1 University Square Drive, Princeton, NJ 08540.

(9)
Includes                        shares of common stock held by MAE Holdings 2011 LLC. Mr. Erickson has voting and dispositive power over these shares but disclaims beneficial ownership over these shares in excess of his pecuniary interest in these shares. MAE Holdings 2011 LLC is an entity owned by Mr. Erickson.

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CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Review, Approval or Ratification of Transactions with Related Persons

        Prior to the closing of this offering, we have not maintained a policy for approval of Related Party Transactions. A "Related Party Transaction" is a transaction, arrangement or relationship in which we or any of our future subsidiaries was, is or will be a participant, the amount of which involved exceeds $120,000, and in which any Related Person had, has or will have a direct or indirect material interest. A "Related Person" means:

        Our board of directors will adopt a written related party transactions policy prior to the completion of this offering. Pursuant to this policy, we expect that our audit committee will review all material facts of all Related Party Transactions.

Historical Transactions with Affiliates

Equity Redemption

        On September 13, 2016, Holdings redeemed 1,195,472 units from two of our executive officers, with an aggregate value of approximately $7.8 million. On that same date, the executive officers used $5.6 million of the redemption value to settle in full and terminate their obligations under the promissory notes described below, including interest thereon.

Promissory Notes

        In May 2014, Holdings received full recourse promissory notes from two of our executive officers under which Holdings advanced $5.4 million to the executive officers to meet their capital contributions. The promissory notes are due on May 29, 2021, or earlier in the event of termination or certain change in control events as stipulated in the individual promissory notes and any distributions of capital contributions are considered mandatory prepayments. The promissory notes have a stated interest rate of LIBOR plus 1% per annum. The promissory notes are recorded as a reduction of members' equity. On September 13, 2016, the promissory notes were repaid in full and all obligations thereunder were terminated.

Second Lien Notes

        Several lenders of our second lien notes also hold equity in us. Of the $430.0 million outstanding on the second lien notes as of June 30, 2016, such equityholding lenders held approximately $311.7 million. A portion of the proceeds of the 2016 Notes Offering were used to repay all of the outstanding borrowings and related premium, fees and expenses under our second lien notes and terminate such notes.

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2021 Notes

        Several of our equity holders are also owners of the 2021 Notes. Of the $550 million outstanding on the 2021 Notes, equity holders hold approximately $168.5 million.

Repurchase of Units

        In May 2016, we repurchased 143,183 units from Keith Doss, our former Chief Accounting Officer, for $3.25 per unit for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $0.5 million. Mr. Doss retired from his role as our Chief Accounting Officer in May 2016.

Agreements entered into in connection with this offering

Existing Owners Registration Rights Agreement

        In connection with the closing of this offering, we expect to enter into a registration rights agreement (the "Existing Owners Registration Rights Agreement") with Yorktown's funds and certain of our existing equity holders. The Existing Owners Registration Rights Agreement will provide for customary rights for these stockholders to demand that we file a resale shelf registration statement and certain piggyback rights in connection with the registration of securities. In addition, the agreement will grant these stockholders customary rights to participate in certain underwritten offerings of our common stock that we may conduct.

Demand Rights

        Subject to certain limitations, the equity holders party to the Existing Owners Registration Rights Agreement will have the right to require us by written notice to prepare and file a registration statement registering the offer and sale of a certain number of their shares of our common stock. We are required to provide notice of the request to certain other holders of our common stock who may, in certain circumstances, participate in the registration. Subject to certain exceptions, we will not be obligated to effect a demand registration (i) on or before the date that is twelve months after the closing of this offering, (ii) on or before 180 days after any other registered underwritten offering of our equity securities, or (iii) if we are not otherwise eligible at such time to file a registration statement on Form S-3 (or any applicable successor form).

Piggyback Rights

        Subject to certain exceptions, if at any time we propose to register an offering of equity securities or conduct an underwritten offering, whether or not for our own account, then we must notify the equity holders party to the Existing Owners Registration Rights Agreement of such proposal to allow them to include a specified number of their shares of our common stock in that registration statement or underwritten offering, as applicable.

Conditions and Limitations; Expenses

        These registration rights will be subject to certain conditions and limitations, including the right of the underwriters to limit the number of shares to be included in a registration and our right to delay a registration statement under certain circumstances. We will generally pay all registration expenses in connection with our obligations under the Existing Owners Registration Rights Agreement, regardless of whether a registration statement is filed or becomes effective.

Series A Preferred Registration Rights Agreement

        In connection with the closing of this offering, we will enter into a Registration Rights Agreement with the Series A Preferred Holders pursuant to which we will agree to file a resale shelf registration statement within 45 days of the closing of this offering registering the sale of the shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock.

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DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK

        Upon completion of this offering the authorized capital stock of Extraction Oil & Gas, Inc. will consist of                                     shares of common stock, $0.01 par value per share, of which                                    shares will be issued and outstanding, and                                    shares of preferred stock, $0.01 par value per share, of which no shares will be issued and outstanding.

        The following summary of the capital stock and certificate of incorporation and bylaws of Extraction Oil & Gas, Inc. does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the provisions of applicable law and to our certificate of incorporation and bylaws, which are filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part.

Common Stock

        Except as provided by law or in a preferred stock designation, holders of common stock are entitled to one vote for each share held of record on all matters submitted to a vote of the stockholders, will have the exclusive right to vote for the election of directors and do not have cumulative voting rights. Except as otherwise required by law, holders of common stock are not entitled to vote on any amendment to the certificate of incorporation (including any certificate of designations relating to any series of preferred stock) that relates solely to the terms of any outstanding series of preferred stock if the holders of such affected series are entitled, either separately or together with the holders of one or more other such series, to vote thereon pursuant to the certificate of incorporation (including any certificate of designations relating to any series of preferred stock) or pursuant to the DGCL. Subject to prior rights and preferences that may be applicable to any outstanding shares or series of preferred stock, holders of common stock are entitled to receive ratably in proportion to the shares of common stock held by them such dividends (payable in cash, stock or otherwise), if any, as may be declared from time to time by our board of directors out of funds legally available for dividend payments. All outstanding shares of common stock are fully paid and non-assessable, and the shares of common stock to be issued upon completion of this offering will be fully paid and non-assessable. The holders of common stock have no preferences or rights of conversion, exchange, pre-emption or other subscription rights. There are no redemption or sinking fund provisions applicable to the common stock. In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of our affairs, holders of common stock will be entitled to share ratably in our assets in proportion to the shares of common stock held by then that are remaining after payment or provision for payment of all of our debts and obligations and after distribution in full of preferential amounts to be distributed to holders of outstanding shares of preferred stock, if any.

Preferred Stock

        Our certificate of incorporation authorizes our board of directors, subject to any limitations prescribed by law, without further stockholder approval, to establish and to issue from time to time one or more classes or series of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share, covering up to an aggregate of                                    shares of preferred stock. Each class or series of preferred stock will cover the number of shares and will have the powers, preferences, rights, qualifications, limitations and restrictions determined by the board of directors, which may include, among others, dividend rights, liquidation preferences, voting rights, conversion rights, preemptive rights and redemption rights. Except as provided by law or in a preferred stock designation, the holders of preferred stock will not be entitled to vote at or receive notice of any meeting of stockholders.

Series A Preferred Stock

        In connection with the consummation of this offering, we will issue                        shares of our Series A Preferred Stock to the holders of Holdings' Series B Preferred Units. The Series A Preferred

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Stock will be entitled to receive a cash dividend of 5.875% per year, payable quarterly in arrears, and we have the ability to pay such quarterly dividends in kind at a dividend rate of 10% (decreased proportionately to the extent such quarterly dividends are paid in cash). Beginning on or after the later of a) 90 days after the closing of this offering and b) the Lock-Up Period End Date, the Series A Preferred Stock will be convertible into shares of our common stock at the election of the Series A Preferred Holders at a conversion ratio per share of Series A Preferred Stock of                        . During the term beginning on the Lock-Up Period End Date until 18 months after the closing of this offering, we may elect to convert the Series A Preferred Stock at a conversion ratio per share of Series A Preferred Stock of                        , but only if the closing price of our common stock trades at a 20% premium to our initial offering price for 20 of the 30 trading days immediately prior to such conversion, including the trading day immediately prior to such conversion. During the term beginning 18 months after the closing of this offering until 36 months after the closing of this offering, we may elect to convert the Series A Preferred Stock at a conversion ratio per share of Series A Preferred Stock of                        , but only if the closing price of our common stock trades at a 15% premium to our initial offering price for 20 of the 30 trading days immediately prior to such conversion, including the trading day immediately prior to such conversion. In the event that any shares of Series A Preferred Stock are converted within the first year after the closing of this offering, the common stock issued upon such conversion will be subject to a 60-day lock-up period, which will end upon the earlier of the expiration of the 60-day period and the one-year anniversary of the closing of this offering.

        Upon a change of control, subject to the Series A Holders' conversion right, the Series A Preferred Stock may be redeemed for cash in amount equal to the greater of (i) 135% of the liquidation preference of the Series A Preferred Stock and (ii) a 17.5% annualized internal rate of return on the liquidation preference of the Series A Preferred Stock; provided however, that if the change of control event occurs after 36 months after the closing of this offering, the Series A Preferred Stock may be redeemed for cash in an amount equal to the liquidation preference. The Series A Preferred Stock mature on October 15, 2021, at which time they are mandatorily redeemable for cash at par.

Anti-Takeover Effects of Provisions of Our Certificate of Incorporation, our Bylaws and Delaware Law

        Some provisions of Delaware law, our certificate of incorporation and our bylaws will contain provisions that could make the following transactions more difficult: acquisitions of us by means of a tender offer, a proxy contest or otherwise; or removal of our incumbent officers and directors. These provisions may also have the effect of preventing changes in our management. It is possible that these provisions could make it more difficult to accomplish or could deter transactions that stockholders may otherwise consider to be in their best interest or in our best interests, including transactions that might result in a premium over the market price for our shares.

        These provisions are expected to discourage coercive takeover practices and inadequate takeover bids. These provisions are also designed to encourage persons seeking to acquire control of us to first negotiate with us. We believe that the benefits of increased protection and our potential ability to negotiate with the proponent of an unfriendly or unsolicited proposal to acquire or restructure us outweigh the disadvantages of discouraging these proposals because, among other things, negotiation of these proposals could result in an improvement of their terms.

Delaware Law

        Section 203 of the DGCL prohibits a Delaware corporation, including those whose securities are listed for trading on the NASDAQ, from engaging in any business combination with any interested

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stockholder for a period of three years following the date that the stockholder became an interested stockholder, unless:

        We will elect to not be subject to the provisions of Section 203 of the DGCL.

Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws

        Provisions of our certificate of incorporation and bylaws, which will become effective upon the closing of this offering, may delay or discourage transactions involving an actual or potential change in control or change in our management, including transactions in which stockholders might otherwise receive a premium for their shares, or transactions that our stockholders might otherwise deem to be in their best interests. Therefore, these provisions could adversely affect the price of our common stock.

        Among other things, upon the completion of this offering, our certificate of incorporation and bylaws will:

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Forum Selection

        Our certificate of incorporation will provide that unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware will, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, be the sole and exclusive forum for:

        Our certificate of incorporation will also provide that any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in shares of our capital stock will be deemed to have notice of and to have consented to this forum selection provision. However, it is possible that a court could find our forum selection provision to be inapplicable or unenforceable.

Limitation of Liability and Indemnification Matters

        Our bylaws limit the liability of our directors for monetary damages for breach of their fiduciary duty as directors, except for liability that cannot be eliminated under the DGCL. Delaware law provides that directors of a company will not be personally liable for monetary damages for breach of their fiduciary duty as directors, except for liabilities:

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        Any amendment, repeal or modification of these provisions will be prospective only and would not affect any limitation on liability of a director for acts or omissions that occurred prior to any such amendment, repeal or modification.

        Our bylaws also provide that we will indemnify our directors and officers to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law. Our bylaws also permit us to purchase insurance on behalf of any officer, director, employee or other agent for any liability arising out of that person's actions as our officer, director, employee or agent, regardless of whether Delaware law would permit indemnification. We intend to enter into indemnification agreements with each of our current and future directors and officers. These agreements will require us to indemnify these individuals to the fullest extent permitted under Delaware law against liability that may arise by reason of their service to us, and to advance expenses incurred as a result of any proceeding against them as to which they could be indemnified. We believe that the limitation of liability provision in our bylaws and the indemnification agreements will facilitate our ability to continue to attract and retain qualified individuals to serve as directors and officers.

Transfer Agent and Registrar

        The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock will be American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC.

Listing

        We have applied to list our common stock on the NASDAQ under the symbol "XOG."

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SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE

        Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our common stock. Future sales of our common stock in the public market, or the availability of such shares for sale in the public market, could adversely affect the market price of our common stock prevailing from time to time. As described below, only a limited number of shares will be available for sale shortly after this offering due to contractual and legal restrictions on resale. Nevertheless, sales of a substantial number of shares of our common stock in the public market after such restrictions lapse, or the perception that those sales may occur, could adversely affect the prevailing market price of our common stock at such time and our ability to raise equity-related capital at a time and price we deem appropriate.

Sales of Restricted Shares

        Upon completion of this offering, we will have outstanding an aggregate of                                    shares of common stock. Of these shares, all of the                                    shares of common stock to be sold in this offering (or                                    shares assuming the underwriters exercise the option to purchase additional shares in full) will be freely tradable without restriction or further registration under the Securities Act, unless the shares are held by any of our "affiliates" as such term is defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act. All remaining shares of common stock will be deemed "restricted securities" as such term is defined under Rule 144. The restricted securities were, or will be, issued and sold by us in private transactions and are eligible for public sale only if registered under the Securities Act or if they qualify for an exemption from registration under Rule 144 or Rule 701 under the Securities Act, which rules are summarized below.

        In addition, in connection with the consummation of this offering, we will issue                        shares of our Series A Preferred Stock to the holders of Holdings' Series B Preferred Units. Beginning on or after the later of a) 90 days after the closing of this offering and b) the Lock-Up Period End Date, the Series A Preferred Stock will be convertible into shares of our common stock at the election of the Series A Preferred Holders at a conversion ratio per share of Series A Preferred Stock of                        . During the term beginning on the Lock-Up Period End Date until 18 months after the closing of this offering, we may elect to convert the Series A Preferred Stock at a conversion ratio per share of Series A Preferred Stock of                        , but only if the closing price of our common stock trades at a 20% premium to our initial offering price for 20 of the 30 trading days immediately prior to such conversion, including the trading day immediately prior to such conversion. During the term beginning 18 months after the closing of this offering until 36 months after the closing of this offering, we may elect to convert the Series A Preferred Stock at a conversion ratio per share of Series A Preferred Stock of                        , but only if the closing price of our common stock trades at a 15% premium to our initial offering price for 20 of the 30 trading days immediately prior to such conversion, including the trading day immediately prior to such conversion. In the event that any shares of Series A Preferred Stock are converted within the first year after the closing of this offering, the common stock issued upon such conversion will be subject to a 60-day lock-up period, which will end upon the earlier of the expiration of the 60-day period and the one-year anniversary of the closing of this offering. Upon consummation of this offering, the Series A Preferred Holders will hold                                    shares of Series A Stock, all of which will be convertible into                                    shares of our common stock. See "Description of Capital Stock—Preferred Stock—Series A Preferred." The shares of common stock we issue upon such conversions would be "restricted securities" as defined in Rule 144 described below. However, upon the closing of this offering, we intend to enter into a registration rights agreement with the Series A Preferred Holders that will require us to register under the Securities Act these shares of common stock. See "Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions—Agreements Governing the Transaction—Series A Preferred Registration Rights Agreement."

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        As a result of the lock-up agreements described below and the provisions of Rule 144 and Rule 701 under the Securities Act, the shares of our common stock (excluding the shares to be sold in this offering) that will be available for sale in the public market are as follows:

Lock-up A greements

        We and all of our directors and executive officers and certain of our stockholders have agreed not to sell any common stock or securities convertible into or exchangeable for shares of common stock for a period of 180 days from the date of this prospectus, subject to certain exceptions. Please see "Underwriting" for a description of these lock-up provisions.

Rule 144

        In general, under Rule 144 under the Securities Act as currently in effect, a person (or persons whose shares are aggregated) who is not deemed to have been an affiliate of ours at any time during the three months preceding a sale, and who has beneficially owned restricted securities within the meaning of Rule 144 for a least six months (including any period of consecutive ownership of preceding non-affiliated holders) would be entitled to sell those shares, subject only to the availability of current public information about us. A non-affiliated person who has beneficially owned restricted securities within the meaning of Rule 144 for at least one year would be entitled to sell those shares without regard to the provisions of Rule 144.

        A person (or persons whose shares are aggregated) who is deemed to be an affiliate of ours and who has beneficially owned restricted securities within the meaning of Rule 144 for at least six months would be entitled to sell within any three-month period a number of shares that does not exceed the greater of one percent of the then outstanding shares of our common stock or the average weekly trading volume of our common stock reported through the NASDAQ during the four calendar weeks preceding the filing of notice of the sale. Such sales are also subject to certain manner of sale provisions, notice requirements and the availability of current public information about us.

Rule 701

        In general, under Rule 701 under the Securities Act, any of our employees, directors, officers, consultants or advisors who purchases shares from us in connection with a compensatory stock or option plan or other written agreement before the effective date of this offering is entitled to sell such shares 90 days after the effective date of this offering in reliance on Rule 144, without having to comply with the holding period requirement of Rule 144 and, in the case of non-affiliates, without having to comply with the public information, volume limitation or notice filing provisions of Rule 144. The SEC has indicated that Rule 701 will apply to typical stock options granted by an issuer before it becomes subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, along with the shares acquired upon exercise of such options, including exercises after the date of this prospectus.

Stock Issued Under Employee Plans

        We intend to file a registration statement on Form S-8 under the Securities Act to register                                    shares of common stock issuable under our LTIP. This registration statement on Form S-8 is expected to be filed following the effective date of the registration statement of which this

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prospectus is a part and will be effective upon filing. Accordingly, shares registered under such registration statement will be available for sale in the open market following the effective date, unless such shares are subject to vesting restrictions with us, Rule 144 restrictions applicable to our affiliates or the lock-up restrictions described above.

Registration Rights

Existing Owners Registration Rights Agreement

        In connection with the closing of this offering, we expect to enter into the Existing Owners Registration Rights Agreement with Yorktown's funds and certain of our existing equity holders. The Existing Owners Registration Rights Agreement will provide for customary rights for these stockholders to demand that we file a resale shelf registration statement and certain piggyback rights in connection with the registration of securities. In addition, the agreement will grant these stockholders customary rights to participate in certain underwritten offerings of our common stock that we may conduct.

Demand Rights

        Subject to certain limitations, the equity holders party to the Existing Owners Registration Rights Agreement will have the right to require us by written notice to prepare and file a registration statement registering the offer and sale of a certain number of their shares of our common stock. We are required to provide notice of the request to certain other holders of our common stock who may, in certain circumstances, participate in the registration. Subject to certain exceptions, we will not be obligated to effect a demand registration (i) on or before the date that is twelve months after the closing of this offering, (ii) on or before 180 days after any other registered underwritten offering of our equity securities, or (iii) if we are not otherwise eligible at such time to file a registration statement on Form S-3 (or any applicable successor form).

Piggyback Rights

        Subject to certain exceptions, if at any time we propose to register an offering of equity securities or conduct an underwritten offering, whether or not for our own account, then we must notify the equity holders party to the Existing Owners Registration Rights Agreement of such proposal to allow them to include a specified number of their shares of our common stock in that registration statement or underwritten offering, as applicable.

Conditions and Limitations; Expenses

        These registration rights will be subject to certain conditions and limitations, including the right of the underwriters to limit the number of shares to be included in a registration and our right to delay a registration statement under certain circumstances. We will generally pay all registration expenses in connection with our obligations under the Existing Owners Registration Rights Agreement, regardless of whether a registration statement is filed or becomes effective.

Series A Preferred Registration Rights Agreement

        In connection with the closing of this offering, we will enter into a Registration Rights Agreement with the Series A Preferred Holders pursuant to which we will agree to file a resale shelf registration statement within 45 days of the closing of this offering registering the sale of the shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock.

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MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS FOR NON-U.S. HOLDERS

        The following is a summary of the material U.S. federal income tax considerations related to the purchase, ownership and disposition of our common stock by a non-U.S. holder (as defined below), that holds our common stock as a "capital asset" (generally property held for investment). This summary is based on the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"), U.S. Treasury regulations, administrative rulings and judicial decisions, all as in effect on the date hereof, and all of which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect. We have not sought any ruling from the Internal Revenue Service ("IRS") with respect to the statements made and the conclusions reached in the following summary, and there can be no assurance that the IRS or a court will agree with such statements and conclusions.

        This summary does not address all aspects of U.S. federal income taxation that may be relevant to non-U.S. holders in light of their personal circumstances. In addition, this summary does not address the Medicare tax on certain investment income, U.S. federal estate or gift tax laws, any state, local or non-U.S. tax laws or any tax treaties. This summary also does not address tax considerations applicable to investors that may be subject to special treatment under the U.S. federal income tax laws, such as:

         PROSPECTIVE INVESTORS ARE ENCOURAGED TO CONSULT THEIR TAX ADVISORS WITH RESPECT TO THE APPLICATION OF THE U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX LAWS TO THEIR PARTICULAR SITUATION, AS WELL AS ANY TAX CONSEQUENCES OF THE PURCHASE, OWNERSHIP AND DISPOSITION OF OUR COMMON STOCK ARISING UNDER THE U.S. FEDERAL ESTATE OR GIFT TAX LAWS OR UNDER THE LAWS OF ANY STATE, LOCAL, NON-U.S. OR OTHER TAXING JURISDICTION OR UNDER ANY APPLICABLE INCOME TAX TREATY.

Non-U.S. Holder Defined

        For purposes of this discussion, a "non-U.S. holder" is a beneficial owner of our common stock that is not for U.S. federal income tax purposes a partnership or any of the following:

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        If a partnership (including an entity or arrangement treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) holds our common stock, the tax treatment of a partner in the partnership generally will depend upon the status of the partner, upon the activities of the partnership and upon certain determinations made at the partner level. Accordingly, we urge partners in partnerships (including entities treated as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes) considering the purchase of our common stock to consult their tax advisors regarding the U.S. federal income tax considerations of the purchase, ownership and disposition of our common stock by such partnership.

Distributions

        We do not expect to pay any distributions on our common stock in the foreseeable future. However, in the event we do make distributions of cash or other property on our common stock, such distributions will constitute dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes to the extent paid from our current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles. To the extent those distributions exceed our current and accumulated earnings and profits, the distributions will be treated as a non-taxable return of capital to the extent of the non-U.S. holder's tax basis in our common stock and thereafter as capital gain from the sale or exchange of such common stock. See "—Gain on Disposition of Common Stock." Any distribution made to a non-U.S. holder on our common stock generally will be subject to U.S. withholding tax at a rate of 30% of the gross amount of the distribution unless an applicable income tax treaty provides for a lower rate. To receive the benefit of a reduced treaty rate, a non-U.S. holder must provide the applicable withholding agent with an IRS Form W-8BEN or IRS Form W-8BEN-E (or other applicable or successor form) certifying qualification for the reduced rate.

        Dividends paid to a non-U.S. holder that are effectively connected with a trade or business conducted by the non-U.S. holder in the United States (and, if required by an applicable income tax treaty, are treated as attributable to a permanent establishment maintained by the non-U.S. holder in the United States) generally will be taxed on a net income basis at the rates and in the manner generally applicable to United States persons (as defined under the Code). Such effectively connected dividends will not be subject to U.S. withholding tax if the non-U.S. holder satisfies certain certification requirements by providing the applicable withholding agent a properly executed IRS Form W-8ECI certifying eligibility for exemption. If the non-U.S. holder is a non-U.S. corporation, it may also be subject to a branch profits tax (at a 30% rate or such lower rate as specified by an applicable income tax treaty) on its effectively connected earnings and profits (as adjusted for certain items).

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Gain on Disposition of Common Stock

        Subject to the discussion below under "—Additional Withholding Requirements under FATCA," a non-U.S. holder generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on any gain realized upon the sale or other disposition of our common stock unless:

        A non-U.S. holder described in the first bullet point above will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at a rate of 30% (or such lower rate as specified by an applicable income tax treaty) on the amount of such gain, which generally may be offset by U.S. source capital losses.

        A non-U.S. holder whose gain is described in the second bullet point above generally will be taxed on a net income basis at the rates and in the manner generally applicable to United States persons (as defined under the Code) unless an applicable income tax treaty provides otherwise. If the non-U.S. holder is a corporation, it may also be subject to a branch profits tax (at a 30% rate or such lower rate as specified by an applicable income tax treaty) on its effectively connected earnings and profits (as adjusted for certain items), which will include such gain.

        Generally, a corporation is a USRPHC if the fair market value of its U.S. real property interests equals or exceeds 50% of the sum of the fair market value of its worldwide real property interests and its other assets used or held for use in a trade or business. We believe that we currently are, and expect to remain for the foreseeable future, a USRPHC for U.S. federal income tax purposes. However, as long as our common stock continues to be regularly traded on an established securities market, only a non-U.S. holder that actually or constructively owns, or owned at any time during the shorter of the five-year period ending on the date of the disposition or the non-U.S. holder's holding period for the common stock, more than 5% of our common stock will be taxable on gain recognized on the disposition of our common stock as a result of our status as a USRPHC. If our common stock ceased to be regularly traded on an established securities market prior to the beginning of the calendar year in which the relevant disposition occurred, all non-U.S. holders generally would be subject to U.S. federal income tax on a taxable disposition of our common stock, and a 15% withholding tax would apply to the gross proceeds from the sale of our common stock by such non-U.S. holders.

        Non-U.S. holders should consult their tax advisors with respect to the application of the foregoing rules to their ownership and disposition of our common stock.

Backup Withholding and Information Reporting

        Any dividends paid to a non-U.S. holder must be reported annually to the IRS and to the non-U.S. holder. Copies of these information returns may be made available to the tax authorities in the country in which the non-U.S. holder resides or is established. Payments of dividends to a non-U.S. holder generally will not be subject to backup withholding if the non-U.S. holder establishes an exemption by properly certifying its non-U.S. status on an IRS Form W-8BEN, IRS Form W-8BEN-E or other appropriate version of IRS Form W-8.

        Payments of the proceeds from a sale or other disposition by a non-U.S. holder of our common stock effected by or through a U.S. office of a broker generally will be subject to information reporting

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and backup withholding (at the applicable rate) unless the non-U.S. holder establishes an exemption by properly certifying its non-U.S. status on an IRS Form W-8BEN, IRS Form W-8BEN-E or other appropriate version of IRS Form W-8 and certain other conditions are met. Information reporting and backup withholding generally will not apply to any payment of the proceeds from a sale or other disposition of our common stock effected outside the United States by a non-U.S. office of a broker. However, unless such broker has documentary evidence in its records that the holder is not a United States person and certain other conditions are met, or the non-U.S. holder otherwise establishes an exemption, information reporting will apply to a payment of the proceeds of the disposition of our common stock effected outside the United States by such a broker if it has certain relationships within the United States.

        Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Rather, the U.S. income tax liability (if any) of persons subject to backup withholding will be reduced by the amount of tax withheld. If withholding results in an overpayment of taxes, a refund may be obtained, provided that the required information is timely furnished to the IRS.

Additional Withholding Requirements under FATCA

        Sections 1471 through 1474 of the Code, and the Treasury regulations and administrative guidance issued thereunder ("FATCA"), impose a 30% withholding tax on any dividends paid on our common stock and on the gross proceeds from a disposition of our common stock (if such disposition occurs after December 31, 2018), in each case if paid to a "foreign financial institution" or a "non-financial foreign entity" (each as defined in the Code) (including, in some cases, when such foreign financial institution or non-financial foreign entity is acting as an intermediary), unless (i) in the case of a foreign financial institution, such institution enters into an agreement with the U.S. government to withhold on certain payments, and to collect and provide to the U.S. tax authorities substantial information regarding U.S. account holders of such institution (which includes certain equity and debt holders of such institution, as well as certain account holders that are non-U.S. entities with U.S. owners), (ii) in the case of a non-financial foreign entity, such entity certifies that it does not have any "substantial United States owners" (as defined in the Code) or provides the applicable withholding agent with a certification (generally on an IRS Form W-8BEN-E) identifying the direct and indirect substantial United States owners of the entity, or (iii) the foreign financial institution or non-financial foreign entity otherwise qualifies for an exemption from these rules and provides appropriate documentation (such as an IRS Form W-8BEN-E). Foreign financial institutions located in jurisdictions that have an intergovernmental agreement with the United States governing these rules may be subject to different rules. Under certain circumstances, a holder might be eligible for refunds or credits of such taxes.

        The rules under FATCA are complex. You are encouraged to consult with your own tax advisor regarding the implications of FATCA on an investment in our common stock.

        INVESTORS CONSIDERING THE PURCHASE OF OUR COMMON STOCK ARE URGED TO CONSULT THEIR OWN TAX ADVISORS REGARDING THE APPLICATION OF THE U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX LAWS TO THEIR PARTICULAR SITUATIONS AND THE APPLICABILITY AND EFFECT OF U.S. FEDERAL ESTATE AND GIFT TAX LAWS AND ANY STATE, LOCAL OR NON-U.S. TAX LAWS AND TAX TREATIES.

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UNDERWRITING

        Under the terms and subject to the conditions contained in an underwriting agreement dated                        , 2016, we have agreed to sell to the underwriters named below, for whom Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC, Barclays Capital Inc. and Goldman, Sachs & Co. are acting as representatives and the underwriters have severally agreed to purchase, the following respective numbers of shares of common stock:

Underwriters
  Number of
Shares
 

Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC

       

Barclays Capital Inc. 

       

Goldman, Sachs & Co. 

       

Total

       

        The underwriting agreement provides that the underwriters are obligated to purchase all the shares of common stock in the offering if any are purchased, other than those shares covered by the option described below. The underwriting agreement also provides that if an underwriter defaults the purchase commitments of non-defaulting underwriters may be increased or the offering may be terminated.

        We have granted the underwriters a 30-day option to purchase up to                        additional shares of our common stock at the initial public offering price less the underwriting discounts and commissions.

        Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our common stock. The initial public offering price has been negotiated between us and the representatives of the underwriters. The factors that were considered in these negotiations were:

        The underwriters propose to offer the shares of common stock initially at the initial public offering price on the cover page of this prospectus and to selling group members at that price less a selling concession of $            per share. The underwriters and selling group members may allow a discount of $            per share on sales to other broker/dealers. After the initial offering of the shares of common stock, the underwriters may change the initial public offering price and concession and discount to broker/dealers. The offering of the shares of our common stock by the underwriters is subject to receipt and acceptance and subject to the underwriters' right to reject any order in whole or in part. Sales of shares of common stock made outside of the United States may be made by affiliates of the underwriters.

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        The following table summarizes the compensation and estimated expenses that we will pay:

 
  Per Share   Total  
 
  Without
Option
  With
Option
  Without
Option
  With
Option
 

Underwriting Discounts and Commissions Paid by Us

  $     $     $     $    

        The expenses of this offering that have been paid or are payable by us are estimated to be approximately $             million (excluding underwriting discounts and commissions).

        Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC, Barclays Capital Inc. and Goldman, Sachs & Co. have informed us that they do not expect sales to accounts over which the underwriters have discretionary authority to exceed 5% of the shares of common stock being offered.

        In connection with this offering, we agreed that, subject to certain exceptions, we will not offer, sell, contract to sell, pledge or otherwise dispose of, directly or indirectly, or file with the SEC a registration statement under the Securities Act relating to, any shares of our common stock or securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for any shares of our common stock, or publicly disclose the intention to make any offer, sale, pledge, disposition or filing, without the prior written consent of Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC, Barclays Capital Inc. and Goldman, Sachs & Co. for a period of 180 days after the date of this prospectus.

        Each of our officers, directors and director nominees, and certain of our existing stockholders, have agreed in connection with this offering that they will not offer, sell, contract to sell, pledge or otherwise dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of our common stock or securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for any shares of our common stock, enter into a transaction that would have the same effect, or enter into any swap, hedge or other arrangement that transfers, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of our common stock, whether any of these transactions are to be settled by delivery of our common stock or other securities, in cash or otherwise, or publicly disclose the intention to make any offer, sale, pledge or disposition, or to enter into any transaction, swap, hedge or other arrangement, without, in each case, the prior written consent of Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC, Barclays Capital Inc. and Goldman, Sachs & Co. for a period of 180 days after the date of this prospectus.

        Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC, Barclays Capital Inc. and Goldman, Sachs & Co., in their sole discretion, may release the common stock and other securities subject to the lock-up agreements described above in whole or in part at any time. When determining whether or not to release the common stock and other securities from lock-up agreements, Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC, Barclays Capital Inc. and Goldman, Sachs & Co. may consider, among other factors, the holder's reasons for requesting the release and the number of shares of common stock or other securities for which the release is being requested.

        The underwriters have reserved for sale at the initial public offering price up to        % of the common stock being offered by this prospectus for sale to our employees, executive officers, directors, business associates and related persons who have expressed an interest in purchasing common stock in the offering. The number of shares available for sale to the general public in the offering will be reduced to the extent these persons purchase the reserved shares. Any reserved shares not so purchased will be offered by the underwriters to the general public on the same terms as the other shares. Any shares sold in the directed share program to directors and executive officers will be subject to the 180- day lock-up agreements described above.

        We have agreed to indemnify the several underwriters against liabilities under the Securities Act, or contribute to payments that the underwriters may be required to make in that respect.

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        In addition, affiliates of certain of the underwriters are lenders under our revolving credit facility. Certain of the underwriters or their affiliates that have a lending relationship with us routinely hedge their credit exposure to us consistent with their customary risk management policies. A typical such hedging strategy would include these underwriters or their affiliates hedging such exposure by entering into transactions which consist of either the purchase of credit default swaps or the creation of short positions in our securities.

        We have applied to have our shares listed on the NASDAQ under the symbol "XOG."

        The underwriters and their respective affiliates are full service financial institutions engaged in various activities, which may include securities trading, commercial and investment banking, financial advisory, investment management, investment research, principal investment hedging, financing and brokerage activities. Certain of the underwriters and their respective affiliates have from time to time performed, and may in the future perform, various financial advisory, commercial banking and investment banking services for us and for our affiliates in the ordinary course of business for which they have received and would receive customary compensation.

        In the ordinary course of their various business activities, the underwriters and their respective affiliates may make or hold a broad array of investments and actively trade debt and equity securities (or related derivative securities) and financial instruments (including bank loans) for their own account and for the accounts of their customers, and such investments and securities activities may involve long or short positions in securities and/or instruments of the issuer.

        The underwriters and their respective affiliates may also make investment recommendations and/or publish or express independent research views in respect of such securities or instruments and may at any time hold, or recommend to clients that they acquire, long and/or short positions in such securities and instruments.

        In connection with the offering the underwriters may engage in stabilizing transactions, over-allotment transactions, syndicate covering transactions, penalty bids and passive market making in accordance with Regulation M under the Exchange Act.

        Stabilizing transactions permit bids to purchase the underlying security so long as the stabilizing bids do not exceed a specified maximum.

        Over-allotment involves sales by the underwriters of shares in excess of the number of shares the underwriters are obligated to purchase, which creates a syndicate short position. The short position may be either a covered short position or a naked short position. In a covered short position, the number of shares over-allotted by the underwriters is not greater than the number of shares that they may purchase in their option to purchase additional shares.

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        These stabilizing transactions, syndicate covering transactions and penalty bids may have the effect of raising or maintaining the market price of our common stock or preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of the common stock. As a result the price of our common stock may be higher than the price that might otherwise exist in the open market. These transactions may be effected on the NASDAQ or otherwise and, if commenced, may be discontinued at any time.

        A prospectus in electronic format may be made available on the web sites maintained by one or more of the underwriters, or selling group members, if any, participating in this offering and one or more of the underwriters participating in this offering may distribute prospectuses electronically. The representative may agree to allocate a number of shares to underwriters and selling group members for sale to their online brokerage account holders. Internet distributions will be allocated by the underwriters and selling group members that will make internet distributions on the same basis as other allocations.

        Other than in the United States, no action has been taken by us or the underwriters that would permit a public offering of the securities offered by this prospectus in any jurisdiction where action for that purpose is required. The securities offered by this prospectus may not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, nor may this prospectus or any other offering material or advertisements in connection with the offer and sale of any such securities be distributed or published in any jurisdiction, except under circumstances that will result in compliance with the applicable rules and regulations of that jurisdiction. Persons into whose possession this prospectus comes are advised to inform themselves about and to observe any restrictions relating to the offering and the distribution of his prospectus. This prospectus does not constitute an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy any securities offered by this prospectus in any jurisdiction in which such an offer or a solicitation is unlawful.

        The shares may be sold only to purchasers purchasing, or deemed to be purchasing, as principal that are accredited investors, as defined in National Instrument 45-106 Prospectus Exemptions or subsection 73.3(1) of the Securities Act (Ontario), and are permitted clients, as defined in National Instrument 31-103 Registration Requirements, Exemptions and Ongoing Registrant Obligations . Any resale of the shares must be made in accordance with an exemption from, or in a transaction not subject to, the prospectus requirements of applicable securities laws.

        Securities legislation in certain provinces or territories of Canada may provide a purchaser with remedies for rescission or damages if this prospectus (including any amendment thereto) contains a misrepresentation, provided that the remedies for rescission or damages are exercised by the purchaser within the time limit prescribed by the securities legislation of the purchaser's province or territory. The purchaser should refer to any applicable provisions of the securities legislation of the purchaser's province or territory for particulars of these rights or consult with a legal advisor.

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        Pursuant to section 3A.3 of National Instrument 33-105 Underwriting Conflicts (NI 33-105), the underwriter is not required to comply with the disclosure requirements of NI 33-105 regarding underwriter conflicts of interest in connection with this offering.

        In relation to each Member State of the European Economic Area which has implemented the Prospectus Directive (each, a "Relevant Member State") an offer to the public of any shares which are the subject of the offering contemplated by this prospectus (the "Shares") may not be made in that Relevant Member State except that an offer to the public in that Relevant Member State of any Shares may be made at any time under the following exemptions under the Prospectus Directive, if they have been implemented in that Relevant Member State:

provided that no such offer of Shares shall result in a requirement for Extraction or any underwriter to publish a prospectus pursuant to Article 3 of the Prospectus Directive or supplement a prospectus pursuant to Article 16 of the Prospectus Directive.

        For the purposes of this provision, the expression an "offer to the public" in relation to any Shares in any Relevant Member State means the communication in any form and by any means of sufficient information on the terms of the offer and any Shares to be offered so as to enable an investor to decide to purchase any Shares, as the same may be varied in that Member State by any measure implementing the Prospectus Directive in that Member State, the expression "Prospectus Directive" means Directive 2003/71/EC (and amendments thereto, including the 2010 PD Amending Directive, to the extent implemented in the Relevant Member State), and includes any relevant implementing measure in each Relevant Member State and the expression "2010 PD Amending Directive" means Directive 2010/73/EU.

        Each underwriter has represented and agreed that:

        This prospectus is only being distributed to and is only directed at (i) persons who are outside the United Kingdom or (ii) investment professionals falling within Article 19(5) of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Financial Promotion) Order 2005 (the "Order") or (iii) high net worth companies, and other persons to whom it may lawfully be communicated, falling within Article 49(2)(a)

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to (d) of the Order (all such persons together being referred to as "relevant persons"). The Shares are only available to, and any invitation, offer or agreement to subscribe, purchase or otherwise acquire such Shares will be engaged in only with, relevant persons. Any person who is not a relevant person should not act or rely on this document or any of its contents.

        The shares may not be offered or sold by means of any document other than (i) in circumstances which do not constitute an offer to the public within the meaning of the Companies Ordinance (Cap. 32, Laws of Hong Kong), or (ii) to "professional investors" within the meaning of the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Cap. 571, Laws of Hong Kong) and any rules made thereunder, or (iii) in other circumstances which do not result in the document being a "prospectus" within the meaning of the Companies Ordinance (Cap. 32, Laws of Hong Kong), and no advertisement, invitation or document relating to the shares may be issued or may be in the possession of any person for the purpose of issue (in each case whether in Hong Kong or elsewhere), which is directed at, or the contents of which are likely to be accessed or read by, the public in Hong Kong (except if permitted to do so under the laws of Hong Kong) other than with respect to shares which are or are intended to be disposed of only to persons outside Hong Kong or only to "professional investors" within the meaning of the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Cap. 571, Laws of Hong Kong) and any rules made thereunder.

        This prospectus has not been registered as a prospectus with the Monetary Authority of Singapore. Accordingly, this prospectus and any other document or material in connection with the offer or sale, or invitation for subscription or purchase, of the shares may not be circulated or distributed, nor may the shares be offered or sold, or be made the subject of an invitation for subscription or purchase, whether directly or indirectly, to persons in Singapore other than (i) to an institutional investor under Section 274 of the Securities and Futures Act, Chapter 289 of Singapore, or the SFA, (ii) to a relevant person, or any person pursuant to Section 275(1A), and in accordance with the conditions, specified in Section 275 of the SFA or (iii) otherwise pursuant to, and in accordance with the conditions of, any other applicable provision of the SFA.

        Where the shares are subscribed or purchased under Section 275 by a relevant person which is: (a) a corporation (which is not an accredited investor) the sole business of which is to hold investments and the entire share capital of which is owned by one or more individuals, each of whom is an accredited investor; or (b) a trust (where the trustee is not an accredited investor) whose sole purpose is to hold investments and each beneficiary is an accredited investor, shares, debentures and units of shares and debentures of that corporation or the beneficiaries' rights and interest in that trust shall not be transferable for 6 months after that corporation or that trust has acquired the shares under Section 275 except: (1) to an institutional investor under Section 274 of the SFA or to a relevant person, or any person pursuant to Section 275(1A), and in accordance with the conditions, specified in Section 275 of the SFA; (2) where no consideration is given for the transfer; or (3) by operation of law.

        The securities have not been and will not be registered under the Financial Instruments and Exchange Law of Japan, or the Financial Instruments and Exchange Law, and each underwriter has agreed that it will not offer or sell any securities, directly or indirectly, in Japan or to, or for the benefit of, any resident of Japan (which term as used herein means any person resident in Japan, including any corporation or other entity organized under the laws of Japan), or to others for re-offering or resale, directly or indirectly, in Japan or to a resident of Japan, except pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of, and otherwise in compliance with, the Financial Instruments and Exchange Law and any other applicable laws, regulations and ministerial guidelines of Japan.

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LEGAL MATTERS

        The validity of our common stock offered by this prospectus will be passed upon for us by Vinson & Elkins L.L.P., Houston, Texas. Certain legal matters in connection with this offering will be passed upon for the underwriters by Latham & Watkins LLP, Houston, Texas.


EXPERTS

        The financial statements of Extraction Oil & Gas Holdings, LLC as of December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014 and for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2015, included in this prospectus, have been so included in reliance on the report of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.

        The statements of revenue and direct operating expenses of Tekton Windsor, LLC for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and the year ended December 31, 2013, included in this prospectus, have been so included in reliance on the report (which contains an explanatory paragraph relating to the preparation of the financial statements in accordance with an SEC waiver, as described in Note 1 to the financial statements) of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.

        The statements of revenues and direct operating expenses for properties acquired by Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC from Sundance Energy Inc. for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 included herein have been audited by Hein & Associates LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in its report appearing herein.

        The statements of revenues and direct operating expenses for properties acquired by Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC from Mineral Resources, Inc. for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 included herein have been audited by Hein & Associates LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in its report appearing herein.

        The statements of revenues and direct operating expenses for properties acquired by Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC from Bayswater Exploration & Production, LLC for the year ended December 31, 2013 and for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2014 included herein have been audited by Hein & Associates LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in its report appearing herein.

        The statements of revenues and direct operating expenses for properties acquired by Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC from Noble Energy Inc. for the year ended December 31, 2014 included herein have been audited by Hein & Associates LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in its report appearing herein

        The statements of operating revenues and direct operating expenses of Bayswater Properties acquired by Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 and the year ended December 31, 2015, included in this prospectus, have been so included in reliance on the report of KPMG LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting. With respect to the unaudited interim financial information for the periods ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, included herein, the independent registered public accounting firm has reported that they applied limited procedures in accordance with professional standards for a review of such information. However, their separate report included in the Company's Form S-1 included herein, states that they did not audit and they do not express an opinion on that interim financial information. Accordingly, the degree of reliance on their report on such information should be restricted in light of the limited nature of the review procedures applied. The accountants are not subject to the liability provisions of Section 11 of the Securities Act of 1933 (the "1933 Act") for their report on the unaudited interim financial information because that report is not a "report" or a "part"

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of the registration statement prepared or certified by the accountants within the meaning of Sections 7 and 11 of the 1933 Act.

        The information included in this prospectus regarding estimated quantities of proved reserves of Extraction Oil & Gas Holdings, LLC, the future net revenues from those reserves and their present value as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 and 2014 is based on the proved reserve reports prepared by Ryder Scott Company L.P., our independent petroleum engineers. These estimates are included in this prospectus in reliance upon the authority of such firm as an expert in these matters.

        The information included in this prospectus regarding estimated quantities of proved reserves associated with the Bayswater Assets, the future net revenues from those reserves and their present value as of June 30, 2016 is based on the proved reserve reports prepared by Ryder Scott Company L.P., our independent petroleum engineers. These estimates are included in this prospectus in reliance upon the authority of such firm as an expert in these matters.


WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

        We have filed with the SEC a registration statement on Form S-1 (including the exhibits, schedules and amendments thereto) under the Securities Act, with respect to the shares of our common stock offered hereby. This prospectus does not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement and the exhibits and schedules thereto. For further information with respect to the common stock offered hereby, we refer you to the registration statement and the exhibits and schedules filed therewith. Statements contained in this prospectus as to the contents of any contract, agreement or any other document are summaries of the material terms of such contract, agreement or other document and are not necessarily complete. With respect to each of these contracts, agreements or other documents filed as an exhibit to the registration statement, reference is made to the exhibits for a more complete description of the matter involved. A copy of the registration statement, and the exhibits and schedules thereto, may be inspected without charge at the public reference facilities maintained by the SEC at 100 F Street NE, Washington, D.C. 20549. Copies of these materials may be obtained, upon payment of a duplicating fee, from the Public Reference Room of the SEC at 100 F Street NE, Washington, D.C. 20549. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the operation of the Public Reference Room. The SEC maintains a website that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding registrants that file electronically with the SEC. The address of the SEC's website is www.sec.gov .

        As a result of the offering, we will become subject to full information requirements of the Exchange Act. We will fulfill our obligations with respect to such requirements by filing periodic reports and other information with the SEC. We intend to furnish our stockholders with annual reports containing financial statements certified by an independent public accounting firm.

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INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Pro Forma Financial Statements (Unaudited)

 

Introduction

  F-3

Balance sheet as of June 30, 2016

  F-5

Statements of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and the year ended December 31, 2015

  F-6

Notes to unaudited pro forma financial statements

  F-8

Historical Financial Statements

 
 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

  F-17

Balance sheets as of December 31, 2015 and 2014

  F-18

Statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014

  F-19

Statements of changes in member's equity for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014

  F-20

Statements of cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014

  F-21

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

  F-22

Historical Financial Statements for the Six Months Ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 (Unaudited)

 
 

Balance sheets as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015

  F-60

Statements of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015

  F-61

Statements of changes in member's equity for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015

  F-62

Statements of cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015

  F-63

Notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements

  F-64

MAY 2014 ACQUISITION

Historical Financial Statements

 
 

Independent Auditor's Report

  F-94

Statements of revenues and direct operating expenses for the year ended December 31, 2013 and for the three months ended March 31, 2014 (audited) and the three months ended March 31, 2013 (unaudited)

  F-96

Notes to statements of revenues and direct operating expenses

  F-97

JULY 2014 ACQUISITION

Historical Financial Statements

 
 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

  F-101

Statements of revenues and direct operating expenses for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 and for the six months ended June 30, 2014 (unaudited) and for the six months ended June 30, 2013 (unaudited)

  F-102

Notes to statements of revenues and direct operating expenses

  F-103

AUGUST 2014 ACQUISITION

Historical Financial Statements

 
 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

  F-107

Statements of revenues and direct operating expenses of August 2014 Properties acquired by Extraaction Oil & Gas LLC for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 and for the six months ended June 30, 2014 (unaudited) and for the six months ended June 30, 2013 (unaudited)

  F-108

Notes to statements of revenues and direct operating expenses

  F-109

OCTOBER 2014 ACQUISITION

Historical Financial Statements

 
 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

  F-113

Statements of revenues and direct operating expenses of October 2014 Properties acquired by Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC for the year ended December 31, 2013 and for the nine months ended September 30, 2014 and for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 (unaudited)

  F-114

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Notes to statements of revenues and direct operating expenses

  F-115

MARCH 2015 ACQUISITION

Historical Financial Statements

 
 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

  F-119

Statements of revenues and direct operating expenses of March 2015 Properties acquired by Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC for the year ended December 31, 2014

  F-120

Notes to statements of revenues and direct operating expenses

  F-121

BAYSWATER ACQUISITION

Historical Financial Statements

 
 

Independent Auditor's Report

  F-127

Statements of operating revenues and direct operating expenses for the year ended December 31, 2015 and for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015

  F-129

Notes to statements of operating revenues and direct operating expenses

  F-130

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS, INC.
PRO FORMA FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

Introduction

        Extraction Oil & Gas, Inc. (the "Company"), will be formed upon the conversion of Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company ("XOG"), into a Delaware corporation in connection with this offering. XOG was formed to engage in the acquisition, development and production of oil, natural gas and natural gas liquid reserves in the Rocky Mountains, primarily in the Denver-Julesburg Basin of Colorado. Prior to this offering, Extraction Oil & Gas Holdings, LLC ("Holdings") owned 100% of the membership interests in XOG. Prior to the closing of this offering, Holdings will merge with and into XOG with XOG as the surviving entity.

        The unaudited pro forma balance sheet of the Company is based on the unaudited historical balance sheet of Holdings, XOG's accounting predecessor, as of June 30, 2016, and includes pro forma adjustments to give effect to the following transactions as if they occurred on June 30, 2016:

        The unaudited pro forma statement of operations of the Company is based on the audited historical statement of operations of Holdings for the year ended December 31, 2015, having been adjusted to give effect to the following transactions as if they occurred on January 1, 2015:

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Table of Contents

        The unaudited pro forma statement of operations of the Company is based on the unaudited historical statement of operations of Holdings for the six months ended June 30, 2016, having been adjusted to give effect to the following transactions as if they occurred on January 1, 2015:

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PRO FORMA BALANCE SHEET

JUNE 30, 2016

(In Thousands)

(Unaudited)

 
  Company
Historical
  2016
Equity
Offering
  2016 Notes
Offering
  Bayswater
Acquisition
  Corporate
Reorganization
   
  Pro Forma
Prior to
Offering
Adjustments
  Offering
Adjustments
   
  Company
Pro Forma
 
 
   
  (a)
  (b)
  (c)
   
   
   
   
   
   
 

ASSETS

                                                         

Current Assets:

                                                         

Cash and cash equivalents

  $ 103,670   $ 5,000   $   $   $       $ 108,670   $     (f)   $    

Accounts receivable:

                                                         

Trade

    23,565                         23,565                  

Oil, natural gas and NGL sales

    21,570                         21,570                  

Inventory and prepaid expenses

    6,822                         6,822                  

Commodity derivative asset

    735                         735                  

Total Current Assets

    156,362     5,000                     161,362                  

Oil and Gas Properties (successful efforts method), at cost:

                                                         

Proved oil and gas properties

    1,269,162             261,603             1,530,765                  

Unproved oil and gas properties

    348,284             107,800             456,084                  

Wells in progress

    82,958                         82,958                  

Less: accumulated depletion, depreciation and amortization

    (296,285 )                       (296,285 )                

Net oil and gas properties

    1,404,119             369,403             1,773,522                  

Other property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation

    28,947                         28,947                  

Net Property and Equipment

    1,433,066             369,403             1,802,469                  

Non-Current Assets:

                                                         

Deferred debt and equity issuance costs

    2,830         (1,167 )               1,663         (f)        

Commodity derivative asset

                                             

Goodwill

                54,300             54,300                  

Other non-current assets

    1,528                         1,528                  

Total Non-Current Assets

    4,358         (1,167 )   54,300             57,491                  

Total Assets

  $ 1,593,786     5,000     (1,167 )   423,703             2,021,322                  

LIABILITIES AND MEMBERS' EQUITY

                                                         

Current Liabilities:

                                                         

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

  $ 76,822   $   $   $   $       $ 76,822   $         $    

Revenue payable

    35,329                         35,329                  

Production taxes payable

    26,973                         26,973                  

Commodity derivative liability

    24,056                         24,056                  

Accrued interest payable

    146                         146                  

Asset retirement obligations

    3,754                         3,754                  

Total Current Liabilities

    167,080                         167,080                  

Non-Current Liabilities:

                                                         

Credit facility

    235,000         (104,400 )   171,312             301,912         (f)        

Second Lien Notes, net of unamortized debt discount and debt issuance costs

    414,895         (414,895 )                                

Senior Notes, net of unamortized debt issuance costs

            537,533                 537,533                  

Series A Preferred Units

                73,688             73,688         (f)        

Deferred tax liability

                    145,224   (d)     145,224                  

Production taxes payable

    13,832                         13,832                  

Commodity derivative liability

    16,087                         16,087                  

Other non-current liabilities

    3,472                         3,472                  

Asset retirement obligations

    45,026             3,703             48,729                  

Total Non-Current Liabilities

    728,312         18,238     248,703     145,224         1,140,477                  

Commitments and Contingencies

                                                         

Total Liabilities

    895,392         18,238     248,703     145,224         1,307,557                  

Series A Preferred Stock

   
   
   
   
   
       
       

(g)

       

Members' Equity:

   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 

 

   
 
   
 
 

 

   
 
 

Preferred tranche C units; unlimited units authorized; 114,168,176 units issued and outstanding

    365,418     5,000             (370,418 ) (e)                      

Tranche A units; unlimited units authorized; 232,516,117 units issued and outstanding

    503,344                 (503,344 ) (e)                      

Series B Preferred Units

                175,000             175,000         (f)(g)        

Common stock

                        (e)             (f)        

Additional paid-in capital

                    873,762   (e)     873,762         (f)        

Retained earnings (deficit)

    (170,368 )       (19,405 )       (145,224 ) (d)     (334,997 )       (f)        

Total Members' Equity

    698,394     5,000     (19,405 )   175,000     (145,224 )       713,765                  

Total Liabilities and Members' Equity

  $ 1,593,786   $ 5,000   $ (1,167 ) $ 423,703   $       $ 2,021,322   $         $    

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PRO FORMA STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS

FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015

(In thousands, except per unit / common share data)

(Unaudited)

 
  Company
Historical
  March
2015
Acquisition
  Bayswater
Acquisition
  Corporate
Reorganization
   
  Pro Forma
Adjustments
   
  Pro Forma Prior
to Offering
Adjustments
  Offering
Adjustments
   
  Company
Pro Forma
 
 
   
  (a)
  (b)
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 

Revenues:

                                                             

Oil sales

  $ 157,024   $ 1,457   $ 10,933   $       $       $ 169,414   $         $    

Natural gas sales

    26,019     519     3,580                     30,118                  

NGL sales

    14,707     20                         14,727                  

Total Revenues

    197,750     1,996     14,513                     214,259                  

Operating Expenses:

   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 

 

   
 
 

 

   
 
   
 
 

 

   
 
 

Lease operating expenses

    30,628     1,621     4,014                     36,263                  

Production taxes

    17,035     112     865                     18,012                  

Exploration expenses

    18,636                             18,636                  

Depletion, depreciation, amortization and accretion

    146,547                     895   (d)     147,442                  

Impairment of long lived assets

    15,778                             15,778                  

Other operating expenses

    2,353                             2,353                  

Acquisition transaction expenses

    6,000                     (6,000 ) (e)                      

General and administrative expenses

    37,149                     (400 ) (f)     36,749                  

Total Operating Expenses

    274,126     1,733     4,879             (5,505 )       275,233                  

Operating Income (Loss)

   
(76,376

)
 
263
   
9,634
   
       
5,505
       
(60,974

)
               

Other Income (Expense)

                                                             

Commodity derivative gain

    79,932                             79,932                  

Interest expense

    (51,030 )                   2,088   (g)(h)     (48,942 )       (j)        

Other income

    210                             210                  

Total Other Income (Expense)

    29,112                     2,088         31,200                  

Income (Loss) Before Income Taxes

    (47,264 )   263     9,634             7,593         (29,773 )                

Income Tax (Expense) Benefit

                14,199   (c)     (2,885 ) (i)     11,314         (j)        

Net Income (Loss)

  $ (47,264 ) $ 263   $ 9,634   $ 14,199       $ 4,708       $ (18,459 ) $         $    

Loss per Unit

   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 

 

   
 
 

 

   
 
   
 
 

 

   
 
 

Basic and Diluted

  $ (0.17 )                                                      

Weighted Average Units Outstanding

   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 

 

   
 
 

 

   
 
   
 
 

 

   
 
 

Basic and Diluted

    277,322                                                        

Pro Forma Net Loss Per Common Share (k)(l)

                                                             

Basic and Diluted

                                                        $    

Pro Forma Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding (k)

                                                             

Basic and Diluted

                                                             

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Table of Contents

PRO FORMA STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS

FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2016

(In thousands, except per unit / common share data)

(Unaudited)

 
  Company
Historical
  Bayswater
Acquisition
  Corporate
Reorganization
   
  Pro Forma
Adjustments
   
  Pro Forma Prior
to Offering
Adjustments
  Offering
Adjustments
   
  Company
Pro Forma
 
 
   
  (a)
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 

Revenues:

                                                       

Oil sales

  $ 84,135   $ 23,027   $       $       $ 107,162   $         $    

Natural gas sales

    14,937     5,272                     20,209                  

NGL sales

    11,424                         11,424                  

Total Revenues

    110,496     28,299                     138,795                  

Operating Expenses:

                                                       

Lease operating expenses

    25,339     3,907                     29,246                  

Production taxes

    10,748     1,934                     12,682                  

Exploration expenses

    8,752                         8,752                  

Depletion, depreciation, amortization and accretion

    94,638                 15,564   (c)     110,202                  

Impairment of long lived assets

    22,884                         22,884                  

Other operating expenses

    891                         891                  

Acquisition transaction expenses

                                             

General and administrative expenses

    15,114                         15,114                  

Total Operating Expenses

    178,366     5,841             15,564         199,771                  

Operating Income (Loss)

   
(67,870

)
 
22,458
   
       
(15,564

)
     
(60,976

)
               

Other Income (Expense):

                                                       

Commodity derivative loss

    (78,650 )                       (78,650 )                

Interest expense

    (26,698 )               751   (d)(e)     (25,947 )       (g)        

Other income

    84                         84                  

Other Income (Expense)

    (105,264 )               751         (104,513 )                

Income (Loss) Before Income Taxes

    (173,134 )   22,458             (14,814 )       (165,490 )                

Income Tax (Expense) Benefit

            57,257   (b)     5,629   (f)     62,886         (g)        

Net Income (Loss)

  $ (173,134 ) $ 22,458   $ 57,257       $ (9,185 )     $ (102,604 )                

Loss per Unit

   
 
   
 
   
 
 

 

   
 
 

 

   
 
   
 
 

 

   
 
 

Basic and Diluted

  $ (0.53 )                                                

Weighted Average Units Outstanding

   
 
   
 
   
 
 

 

   
 
 

 

   
 
   
 
 

 

   
 
 

Basic and Diluted

    323,967                                                  

Pro Forma Net Loss Per Common Share (h)(i)

                                                       

Basic and Diluted

                                                  $    

Pro Forma Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding (h)

   
 
   
 
   
 
 

 

   
 
 

 

   
 
   
 
 

 

   
 
 

Basic and Diluted

                                                       

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS, INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED PRO FORMA FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION

        The unaudited pro forma financial information is derived from the financial statements of Holdings, our predecessor, included elsewhere in this prospectus. The unaudited pro forma financial statements were prepared in accordance with GAAP and pursuant to Regulation S-X Article 11.

        The pro forma data presented reflects events directly attributable to the described transactions and certain assumptions the Company believes are reasonable. The pro forma data are not necessarily indicative of financial results that would have been attained had the described transactions occurred on the dates indicated or which could be achieved in the future because they necessarily exclude various operating expenses, such as incremental general and administrative expenses. The adjustments are based on currently available information and certain estimates and assumptions. However, management believes that the assumptions provide a reasonable basis for presenting the significant effects of the transactions as contemplated and that the pro forma adjustments give appropriate effect to those assumptions and are properly applied in the unaudited pro forma financial statements.

        The unaudited pro forma financial statements have been prepared on the basis that the Company will be taxed as a corporation, and as a result, will become a tax-paying entity subject to U.S. federal and state income taxes, and should be read in conjunction with "Prospectus Summary—Corporate Reorganization," "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and with the audited and unaudited historical financial statements and related notes of the Company, included elsewhere in this prospectus.

        Upon the closing of the Offering, the Company expects to incur direct, incremental general and administrative expenses as a result of being a publicly traded company, including, but not limited to, costs associated with annual and quarterly reports to stockholders, tax return preparation, incremental independent auditor fees, investor relations activities, registrar and transfer agent fees, incremental director and officer liability insurance costs, and independent director compensation. The Company estimates these direct, incremental general and administrative expenses initially will total approximately $             million per year, which are not reflected in the historical financial statements or in the unaudited pro forma financial statements. Additionally, the unaudited pro forma financial statements exclude incentive unit compensation expense that will result from the acceleration of vesting of incentive units, restricted unit awards as a result of the Offering of approximately $             million and the mandatory redemption charge of the Series A Preferred Units of approximately $             million as the charges are considered non-recurring.

NOTE 2. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS

        The business combination is reflected in the unaudited pro forma financial statements as being accounted for under the acquisition method in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations , which we refer to as "ASC 805." In accordance with ASC 805, the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed have been measured at fair value based on various estimates. These estimates are based on key assumptions related to the business combinations, including reviews of publicly disclosed information for other acquisitions in the industry, historical experience of the companies, data that was available through the public domain and due diligence reviews of the acquiree businesses.

        For purposes of measuring the estimated fair value, where applicable, of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed as reflected in the unaudited pro forma financial information, the Company has applied the guidance in ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements , which we refer to as ASC 820, which establishes a framework for measuring fair value. In accordance with ASC 820, fair value is an exit price and is defined as "the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS, INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED PRO FORMA FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

NOTE 2. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS (Continued)

in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date." Under ASC 805, acquisition-related transaction costs and acquisition-related restructuring charges are not included as components of consideration transferred but are accounted for as expenses in the period in which the costs are incurred. In addition, the unaudited pro forma financial statements do not reflect any cost savings, operating synergies or revenue enhancements that the consolidated company may achieve as a result of the business combinations, the costs to integrate the operations of the companies or the costs necessary to achieve these cost savings, operating synergies and revenue enhancements.

        The unaudited pro forma financial information includes various assumptions and estimates, including those related to the fair value of consideration transferred and the preliminary purchase price allocation of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the transaction based on management's best estimation of fair value as of the date of this prospectus. The preliminary purchase price allocation will be updated upon closing of the transaction. There are various factors that can change the preliminary purchase price allocation including but not limited to changes in commodity strip prices, changes in reserve estimates, and changes in market conditions that could impact the Company's discount rate.

Bayswater Acquisition

        The acquisition is anticipated to close contemporaneously with the closing of this offering at an aggregate purchase price of $420 million in cash subject to customary purchase price adjustments. The following table shows the preliminary purchase price allocation for this acquisition (in thousands):

Preliminary Purchase Price
   
 

Consideration Given

       

Cash

  $ 420,000  

Total consideration given(1)

  $ 420,000  

Preliminary Allocation of Purchase Price

   
 
 

Proved oil and gas properties

  $ 261,603  

Unproved oil and gas properties

    107,800  

Total fair value of oil and gas properties acquired(2)

    369,403  

Goodwill(3)

 
$

54,300
 

Working capital(4)

       

Asset retirement obligations

    (3,703 )

Preliminary fair value of net assets acquired

  $ 420,000  

Working capital adjustments were as follows:

   
 
 

Accounts receivable

     

Revenue payable

     

Production taxes payable

     

Accrued liabilities

     

Total working capital(4)

  $  

(1)
Sources of cash are comprised of (i) $175.0 million from the issuance of the Series B Preferred Units, (ii) $171.3 million of borrowings under the credit facility, and (iii) $73.7 million raised from the issuance of Series A Preferred Units.

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Table of Contents


EXTRACTION OIL & GAS, INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED PRO FORMA FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

NOTE 2. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS (Continued)

(2)
Weighted average commodity prices utilized in the determination of the pro forma fair value of oil and gas properties was $52.90 per barrel of oil, $3.28 per Mcf of natural gas and $12.27 per barrel of oil equivalent of NGLs. The prices used were based upon commodity prices on September 8, 2016 using the NYMEX strip. When calculating the final purchase price allocation, the Company will use NYMEX strip as of the closing date, which could materially change the above preliminary purchase price allocation.

(3)
Goodwill was determined as the excess consideration exchanged over the fair value of Bayswater's assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Goodwill is primarily attributable to a decrease in commodity prices from the time the acquisition was negotiated and commodity prices on September 8, 2016, along with the operational and financial synergies expected to be realized from the acquisition.

(4)
Upon the closing of the transaction, the Company anticipates acquiring various working capital items such as accounts receivable, revenue payable, production taxes payable and accrued liabilities. These working capital adjustments will result in an adjustment to the purchase price at closing. At this time, the working capital adjustments could not be estimated.

        The preliminary purchase price allocations have been used to prepare pro forma adjustments for the Bayswater Acquisition. The final purchase price allocations, contingent upon closing of the transaction, will be determined when the Company has completed the detailed valuations and necessary calculations. The final allocation could differ materially from the preliminary allocation used in these pro forma adjustments. The final allocation may result in (i) changes in fair value of proved and unproved oil and gas properties, (ii) changes in goodwill and (iii) changes to other assets and liabilities.

        Upon the closing of the Bayswater Acquisition, the Company will be required to make a $10.0 million non-refundable payment for an option to purchase additional assets ("Additional Assets") from the seller for an additional $190.0 million, for a total purchase price for the Additional Assets of $200.0 million. The option may be exercised at any time until March 31, 2017. If the Company does not exercise the option to acquire the Additional Assets, the seller will have the right until April 30, 2017 to elect to sell those assets to the Company for an additional $120.0 million, for a total purchase price for the Additional Assets of $130.0 million. The $10.0 million payment is not included in the unaudited pro forma financial information.

NOTE 3. PRO FORMA ADJUSTMENTS AND ASSUMPTIONS

        The Company made the following adjustments and assumptions in the preparation of the unaudited pro forma balance sheet:

    (a)
    Reflects issuance of the 2016 Equity Offering and use of the $5.0 million of net proceeds used to fund operations;

    (b)
    Reflects $550.0 million in new debt associated with the 2016 Notes Offering (net of $12.5 million in debt issuance costs) less retirement of the outstanding Second Lien Notes and a $104.4 million repayment of borrowings under the revolving credit facility. Approximately $1.2 million of debt issuance costs capitalized as of June 30, 2016 were reclassified against the carrying value of the Senior Notes. Retirement of the outstanding Second Lien Notes included $430.0 million in principal as well as a $4.3 million prepayment penalty. Unamortized debt

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Table of Contents


EXTRACTION OIL & GAS, INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED PRO FORMA FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

NOTE 3. PRO FORMA ADJUSTMENTS AND ASSUMPTIONS (Continued)

      issuance and debt discount costs in the amount of $15.1 million associated with retirement of the Second Lien Notes were written off and recognized in retained earnings (deficit);

    (c)
    Reflects (i) the estimated consideration to be paid in the Bayswater Acquisition, (ii) recording the estimated fair value of acquired assets and liabilities in accordance with the acquisition method of accounting as outlined in Note 2 Business Combinations and (iii) financing of the acquisition which reflects: issuance of $73.7 million of Series A Preferred Units, as defined in "Business—Recent Developments—Convertible Preferred Securities" net of $1.3 million in debt issuance costs, issuance of $175.0 million of Series B Preferred Units, as defined in "Business—Recent Developments—Convertible Preferred Securities" and $171.3 million of borrowings under the revolving credit facility.

    (d)
    Reflects the deferred tax liabilities arising from temporary difference between the historical cost basis and tax basis of the Company's assets and liabilities as a result of its change in tax status to a subchapter C corporation;

    (e)
    Reflects the issuance of             million shares of common stock in exchange for all the membership interest in Preferred Tranche C and Tranche A Units of the Company;

    (f)
    Reflects estimated gross proceeds of $             million from the issuance and sale of shares of common stock at an assumed initial public offering price of $            per share, net of underwriting discounts and commissions of approximately $             million and additional estimated expenses related to the Offering of approximately $             million, of which $1.7 million were incurred prior to June 30, 2016. Proceeds of $             million will be used to repay borrowings of $             million under the revolving credit facility, $             million to exercise the Company's option redemption of the Series A Preferred Units and for general corporate purposes. Retained earnings includes the following charges net of taxes: (i) $             million for the acceleration of vesting on restricted unit awards; (ii) $             million for incentive unit compensation expense; and (iii) $             million for the mandatory redemption charge of the Series A Preferred Units.

    (g)
    Reflects conversion of Series B Preferred Units into Series A Preferred Stock.

        The Company made the following adjustments and assumptions in the preparation of the unaudited pro forma statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2015:

    (a)
    Reflects the historical revenues and direct operating expenses from the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the March 2015 Acquisition for the period from January 1, 2015, to the date of acquisition closing, March 10, 2015;

    (b)
    Reflects the historical revenues and direct operating expenses from the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the Bayswater Acquisition for the period from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2015;

    (c)
    Reflects estimated incremental income tax provision associated with the Company's pro forma results of operations assuming the Company's earnings had been subject to federal and state income tax as a subchapter C corporation using a combined federal and state statutory tax rate of approximately 38%. This rate may be subject to change and may not be reflective of the Company's effective tax rate for future periods;

    (d)
    Reflects the adjustment to depletion, depreciation, amortization expense and accretion expense that would have been recorded had the March 2015 Acquisition and the Bayswater

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Table of Contents


EXTRACTION OIL & GAS, INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED PRO FORMA FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

NOTE 3. PRO FORMA ADJUSTMENTS AND ASSUMPTIONS (Continued)

      Acquisition occurred on January 1, 2015. The Company utilized reserve reports to estimate the useful lives of the acquired wells and depleted the capitalized costs on a units-of-production basis over the remaining life of proved and proved developed reserves, as described in the " Oil and Gas Properties " accounting policy footnote. The depletion rate used was approximately $18.55 per BOE;

    (e)
    Reflects the reversal of $6.0 million in non-recurring non-cash transaction costs associated with a finder's fee to an unaffiliated third-party related to the March 2015 Acquisition;

    (f)
    Reflects the reversal of $0.4 million in non-recurring transaction costs related to the March 2015 Acquisition that were incurred during the year ended December 31, 2015;

    (g)
    Reflects interest expense and amortization of debt issuance cost associated with the 2016 Notes Offering offset by (i) a reduction in interest expense and amortization of debt issuance and debt discount costs associated with the retirement of the Second Lien Notes, which have an interest rate of approximately 10.7% and (ii) repayments and drawdown of borrowings under the revolving credit facility, which has an interest rate of approximately 3.0%. A change in interest rate of 0.125 percent would increase or decrease interest expense by approximately $0.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2015;

    (h)
    Reflects interest expenses and amortization of issuance cost associated with the financing of the Bayswater Acquisition;

    (i)
    Reflects the associated income tax effect of Pro Forma Adjustments, using an estimated combined federal and state statutory tax rate of approximately 38%;

    (j)
    Reflects (i) the elimination of remaining interest expense associated with the repayment of borrowings under the revolving credit facility and (ii) the associated income tax effect; and

    (k)
    Reflects basic and diluted earnings per common share for the issuance of shares of common stock in the Corporate Reorganization and the Offering.

    (l)
    EPS includes adjustments for Series A Preferred Stock dividends not available to common shareholders.

        The Company made the following adjustments and assumptions in the preparation of the unaudited pro forma statement of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2016:

    (a)
    Reflects the historical revenues and direct operating expenses from the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the Bayswater Acquisition for the period from January 1, 2016, to June 30, 2016;

    (b)
    Reflects estimated incremental income tax provision associated with the Company's pro forma results of operations assuming the Company's earnings had been subject to federal and state income tax as a subchapter C corporation using a combined federal and state statutory tax rate of approximately 38%. This rate may be subject to change and may not be reflective of the Company's effective tax rate for future periods;

    (c)
    Reflects adjustments to depletion, depreciation, amortization expense and accretion expense that would have been recorded had the Bayswater Acquisition occurred on January 1, 2015. The Company utilized reserve reports to estimate the useful lives of the acquired wells and depleted the capitalized costs on a units-of-production basis over the remaining life of proved

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Table of Contents


EXTRACTION OIL & GAS, INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED PRO FORMA FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

NOTE 3. PRO FORMA ADJUSTMENTS AND ASSUMPTIONS (Continued)

      and proved developed reserves, as described in the " Oil and Gas Properties " accounting policy footnote. The depletion rate used was approximately $18.81 per BOE;

    (d)
    Reflects interest expense and amortization of debt issuance cost associated with the 2016 Notes Offering offset by (i) a reduction in interest expense and amortization of debt issuance and debt discount costs associated with the retirement of the Second Lien Notes, which have an interest rate of approximately 10.7% and (ii) repayments and drawdown of borrowings under the revolving credit facility, which has an interest rate of approximately 3.0%;

    (e)
    Reflects interest expenses and amortization of issuance cost associated with the financing of the Bayswater Acquisition;

    (f)
    Reflects the associated income tax effect of Pro Forma Adjustments, using an estimated combined federal and state statutory tax rate of approximately 38%;

    (g)
    Reflects (i) the elimination of remaining interest expense associated with the repayment of borrowings under the revolving credit facility, which has an interest rate of approximately 3.0% and (ii) the associated income tax effect. A change in interest rate of 0.125 percent would increase or decrease interest expense by approximately $0.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2016; and

    (h)
    Reflects basic and diluted earnings per common share for the issuance of shares of common stock in the Corporate Reorganization and the Offering.

    (i)
    EPS includes adjustments for Series A Preferred Stock dividends not available to common stockholders.

NOTE 4. SUPPLEMENTARY DISCLOSURE OF OIL AND GAS OPERATIONS

        The following pro forma standardized measure of the discounted net future cash flows and changes applicable to the Company's proved reserves reflect the effect of income taxes assuming the Company's standardized measure had been subject to federal and state income tax as a subchapter C corporation. The future cash flows are discounted at 10% per year and assume continuation of existing economic conditions.

        The standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows, in management's opinion, should be examined with caution. The basis for this table is the reserve studies prepared by independent petroleum engineering consultants, which contain imprecise estimates of quantities and rates of production of reserves. Revisions of previous year estimates can have a significant impact on these results. Also, exploration costs in one year may lead to significant discoveries in later years and may significantly change previous estimates of proved reserves and their valuation. Therefore, the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flow is not necessarily indicative of the fair value of the Company's proved oil and gas properties. The data presented should not be viewed as representing the expected cash flow from or current value of, existing proved reserves since the computations are based on a large number of estimates and arbitrary assumptions. Reserve quantities cannot be measured with precision and their estimation requires many judgmental determinations and frequent revisions. Actual future prices and costs are likely to be substantially different from the prices and costs utilized in the computation of reported amounts.

        The following table provides a pro forma rollforward of the total proved reserves for the year ended December 31, 2015, as well as pro forma proved developed and proved undeveloped reserves at

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS, INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED PRO FORMA FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

NOTE 4. SUPPLEMENTARY DISCLOSURE OF OIL AND GAS OPERATIONS (Continued)

the beginning and end of the year, as if the March 2015 Acquisition and the Bayswater Acquisition reflected occurred on January 1, 2015:

 
  Extraction
Oil & Gas
Historical
(Mboe)
  March 2015
Acquisition
(Mboe)
  Bayswater
Acquisition
(Mboe)
  Pro Forma
(Mboe)
 

Proved developed and undeveloped reserves:

                         

January 1, 2015

    92,352             92,352  

Revisions of previous estimates

    (1,150 )   (538 )   (1,789 )   (3,477 )

Purchase of reserves

    30,097     (26,597 )   21,316     24,816  

Extensions, discoveries and other additions

    49,059     27,208     7,515     83,782  

Discoveries

                 

Sale of reserves

    (4,627 )           (4,627 )

Production

    (7,084 )   (73 )   (515 )   (7,672 )

December 31, 2015

    158,647         26,527     185,174  

Proved developed reserves:

                         

January 1, 2015

    19,845             19,845  

December 31, 2015

    30,142         10,643     40,785  

Proved undeveloped reserves:

                         

January 1, 2015

    72,507             72,507  

December 31, 2015

    128,505         15,884     144,389  

        The pro forma standardized measure of discounted estimated future net cash flows was as follows as of December 31, 2015 (in thousands):

 
  Extraction
Oil & Gas
Historical
  Bayswater
Acquisition
  Corporate
Reorganization
  Pro Forma  

Future crude oil, natural gas and NGL sales

  $ 4,119,888   $ 735,986   $   $ 4,855,874  

Future production costs

    (1,193,560 )   (217,901 )       (1,411,461 )

Future development costs

    (1,141,330 )   (82,411 )       (1,223,741 )

Future income tax expense

            (389,180 )   (389,180 )

Future net cash flows

    1,784,998     435,674     (389,180 )   1,831,492  

10% annual discount

    (949,115 )   (184,526 )   198,034     (935,607 )

Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows

  $ 835,883   $ 251,148   $ (191,146 ) $ 895,885  

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS, INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED PRO FORMA FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

NOTE 4. SUPPLEMENTARY DISCLOSURE OF OIL AND GAS OPERATIONS (Continued)

        The changes in the pro forma standardized measure of discounted estimated future net cash flows were as follows for 2015 (in thousands):

 
  Extraction
Oil & Gas
Historical
  March 2015
Acquisition
  Bayswater
Acquisition
  Corporate
Reorganization
  Pro Forma  

January 1, 2015

  $ 1,387,472   $   $   $   $ 1,387,472  

Sales of crude oil, natural gas and NGL, net

    (150,087 )   (263 )   (9,634 )       (159,984 )

Net change in prices and production costs

    (1,292,364 )   (5,669 )   (219,981 )       (1,518,014 )

Net change in future development costs

    175,944     (14,360 )   19,840         181,424  

Extensions and discoveries

    284,216     225,348     84,613         594,177  

Acquisitions of reserves

    240,989     (212,728 )   307,453         335,714  

Sale of reserves

    (50,018 )               (50,018 )

Revisions of previous quantity estimates

    (28,391 )   (8,859 )   (38,445 )       (75,695 )

Previously estimated development costs incurred

    102,060         72,594         174,654  

Net change in income taxes

                (191,146 )   (191,146 )

Accretion of discount

    156,723     1,451     29,357         187,531  

Other

    9,339     15,080     5,351         29,770  

December 31, 2015

  $ 835,883   $   $ 251,148   $ (191,146 ) $ 895,885  

F-15


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LOGO


EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC
December 31, 2015

F-16


Table of Contents

GRAPHIC

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Board of Managers of Extraction Oil & Gas Holdings, LLC:

        In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in members' equity and cash flows present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Extraction Oil & Gas Holdings, LLC and its subsidiaries at December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2015 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits of these statements in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), and in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

        As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company changed the manner in which it accounts for the presentation of debt issuance costs in 2015.

/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP

Denver, Colorado

April 22, 2016, except for the disclosure of basic and diluted earnings per unit within the Consolidated Statement of Operations and related disclosures within Note 11, as to which the date is July 8, 2016 and the disclosure of debt issuance costs within the Consolidated Balance Sheet and related disclosures within Note 2 and Note 5, as to which the date is September 13, 2016.

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands)

 
  December 31,
2015
  December 31,
2014
 

ASSETS

             

Current Assets:

             

Cash and cash equivalents

  $ 97,106   $ 79,025  

Accounts receivable

             

Trade

    27,927     28,311  

Oil, natural gas and NGL sales

    15,938     11,418  

Inventory and prepaid expenses

    7,938     4,451  

Commodity derivative asset

    68,885     39,793  

Total Current Assets

    217,794     162,998  

Property and Equipment (successful efforts method), at cost:

             

Proved oil and gas properties

    1,128,022     594,847  

Unproved oil and gas properties

    374,194     405,632  

Wells in progress

    59,416     41,160  

Less: accumulated depletion, depreciation and amortization

    (181,382 )   (33,896 )

Net oil and gas properties

    1,380,250     1,007,743  

Other property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $6,109 and $218, respectively

    30,402     12,642  

Net Property and Equipment

    1,410,652     1,020,385  

Non-Current Assets:

             

Cash held in escrow

        10,071  

Other non-current assets

    1,846     1,507  

Deferred equity issuance costs

    942      

Commodity derivative asset

    2,906     6,108  

Total Non-Current Assets

    5,694     17,686  

Total Assets

  $ 1,634,140   $ 1,201,069  

LIABILITIES AND MEMBERS' EQUITY

             

Current Liabilities:

             

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

  $ 111,127   $ 81,611  

Due to related party

        183  

Revenue payable

    38,752     35,050  

Production taxes payable

    19,061     7,149  

Accrued interest payable

    450     173  

Asset retirement obligations

    952     1,175  

Total Current Liabilities

    170,342     125,341  

Non-Current Liabilities:

             

Credit facility

    225,000     100,000  

Second Lien Notes, net of unamortized debt discount and debt issuance costs (Note 5)

    412,790     408,903  

Production taxes payable

    25,275     16,362  

Other non-current liabilities

    3,086      

Asset retirement obligations

    43,415     5,275  

Total Non-Current Liabilities

    709,566     530,540  

Commitments and Contingencies—Note 12

             

Total Liabilities

    879,908     655,881  

Members' Equity:

             

Preferred tranche C units; unlimited units authorized; 78,445,361 units issued and outstanding

    250,338      

Tranche A units; unlimited units authorized; 231,404,112 units issued and outstanding

    501,128     495,158  

Retained earnings

    2,766     50,030  

Total Members' Equity

    754,232     545,188  

Total Liabilities and Members' Equity

  $ 1,634,140   $ 1,201,069  

   

THE ACCOMPANYING NOTES ARE AN INTEGRAL PART OF THESE
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(In thousands, except per unit data)

 
  For the Years Ended
December 31,
 
 
  2015   2014  

Revenues:

             

Oil sales

  $ 157,024   $ 75,460  

Natural gas sales

    26,019     9,247  

NGL sales

    14,707     8,133  

Total Revenues

    197,750     92,840  

Operating Expenses:

             

Lease operating expenses

    30,628     5,067  

Production taxes

    17,035     9,743  

Exploration expenses

    18,636     126  

Depletion, depreciation, amortization and accretion

    146,547     34,042  

Impairment of long lived assets

    15,778      

Other operating expense

    2,353      

Acquisition transaction expenses

    6,000      

General and administrative expenses

    37,149     19,598  

Total Operating Expenses

    274,126     68,576  

Operating Income (Loss)

    (76,376 )   24,264  

Other Income (Expense):

             

Commodity derivatives gain

    79,932     48,008  

Interest expense

    (51,030 )   (22,454 )

Other income

    210     24  

Other Income (Expense)

    29,112     25,578  

Net Income (Loss)

  $ (47,264 ) $ 49,842  

Income (Loss) per Unit

             

Basic

  $ (0.17 ) $ 0.28  

Diluted

  $ (0.17 ) $ 0.26  

Weighted Average Units Outstanding

             

Basic

    277,322     180,429  

Diluted

    277,322     189,938  

Pro Forma Information (unaudited):

             

Net income (loss)

  $          

Pro forma provision for income taxes

             

Pro forma net income (loss)

  $          

Pro forma net income (loss) per common share

             

Basic and diluted

  $          

Weighted average pro forma common share outstanding

             

Basic and diluted

             

   

THE ACCOMPANYING NOTES ARE AN INTEGRAL PART OF THESE
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN MEMBERS' EQUITY

(In thousands)

 
  Tranche A
Units
  Preferred
Tranche C
Units
  Amount   Retained
Earnings
  Total
Members'
Equity
 

Balance at January 1, 2014

          $ 1,174   $ 188   $ 1,362  

Related party—note payable converted to equity

    62,423         62,423         62,423  

Convertible notes converted to equity

    14,514         38,950         38,950  

Units issued

    150,175         403,038         403,038  

Unit issuance costs

            (9,843 )       (9,843 )

Promissory notes issued to officers

            (5,368 )       (5,368 )

Restricted stock units issued

    671                  

Unit-based compensation

            4,462         4,462  

Units issued for oil and gas properties

    120         322         322  

Net income

                49,842     49,842  

Balance at December 31, 2014

    227,903       $ 495,158   $ 50,030   $ 545,188  

Units issued

        78,444     254,986         254,986  

Unit issuance costs

            (4,648 )       (4,648 )

Restricted stock units issued

    3,198                  

Unit-based compensation

            5,970         5,970  

Net loss

                (47,264 )   (47,264 )

Balance at December 31, 2015

    231,101     78,444   $ 751,466   $ 2,766   $ 754,232  

   

THE ACCOMPANYING NOTES ARE AN INTEGRAL PART OF THESE
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)

 
  For the Years Ended
December 31,
 
 
  2015   2014  

Cash flows from operating activities:

             

Net income (loss)

  $ (47,264 ) $ 49,842  

Reconciliation of net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:

             

Depletion, depreciation, amortization and accretion

    146,547     34,042  

Abandonment and impairment of unproved properties

    16,414      

Impairment of long lived assets

    15,778      

Acquisition transaction expenses

    6,000      

Amortization of debt issuance costs and debt discount, net

    5,604     1,985  

Deferred rent

    488      

Commodity derivatives gain

    (79,932 )   (48,008 )

Settlements on commodity derivatives

    55,770     1,724  

Premiums paid on commodity derivatives

    (5,744 )   (1,867 )

Unit-based compensation

    5,970     4,462  

Changes in current assets and liabilities:

             

Accounts receivable—trade

    7,723     (25,290 )

Accounts receivable—oil, natural gas and NGL sales

    (4,520 )   (10,328 )

Prepaid expenses

    (1,024 )   2,583  

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

    24,452     11,096  

Revenue payable

    2,984     35,050  

Production taxes payable

    19,085     23,511  

Accrued interest payable

    277     173  

Asset retirement expenditures

    (1,742 )   (662 )

Due to related party

    (183 )   (923 )

Net cash provided by operating activities

    166,683     77,390  

Cash flows from investing activities:

             

Oil and gas property additions

    (391,250 )   (240,447 )

Acquired oil and gas properties

    (120,524 )   (707,315 )

Sale of oil and gas properties

    4,742      

Other property and equipment

    (23,045 )   (12,807 )

Cash held in escrow

    10,071     (10,071 )

Net cash used in investing activities

    (520,006 )   (970,640 )

Cash flows from financing activities:

             

Related party—note payable converted to equity

        38,750  

Convertible notes converted to equity

        38,950  

Borrowings under credit facility

    125,000     100,000  

Proceeds from the issuance of Second Lien Notes

        423,550  

Proceeds from the issuance of units

    254,986     397,670  

Debt issuance costs

    (2,876 )   (17,318 )

Unit and deferred equity issuance costs

    (5,706 )   (9,512 )

Net cash provided by financing activities

    371,404     972,090  

Increase in cash and cash equivalents

    18,081     78,840  

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

    79,025     185  

Cash and cash equivalents at end of the period

  $ 97,106   $ 79,025  

Supplemental cash flow information:

             

Property and equipment included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities

  $ 72,236   $ 69,262  

Acquisition transaction expenses paid through oil and gas properties

  $ 6,000   $  

Oil and gas property acquired through units

  $   $ 322  

Cash paid for interest

  $ 50,380   $ 22,432  

Promissory notes issued to officers

  $   $ 5,368  

   

THE ACCOMPANYING NOTES ARE AN INTEGRAL PART OF THESE
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 1—Organization

Description of Operations

        Extraction Oil & Gas Holdings, LLC ("Holdings" or the "Company"), a Delaware limited liability company was formed on May 29, 2014 by PRE Resources, LLC ("PRL") as a holding company with no independent operations apart from its ownership of the subsidiaries described below. PRL was formed in May 2012 to invest in oil and gas properties in Michigan, California, Wyoming, North Dakota and Colorado.

        Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC ("Extraction") formally a wholly-owned subsidiary of PRL is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Holdings. Extraction was formed on November 14, 2012, as a Delaware limited liability company and is focused on the acquisition, development and production of oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids ("NGL") reserves in the Rocky Mountains, primarily in the Wattenberg Field of the Denver-Julesburg Basin (the "DJ Basin") of Colorado.

        Concurrent with the formation of Holdings, PRL contributed all of its membership interests in Extraction, to Holdings and distributed all of its interests in Holdings to its members in a pro rata distribution (the "Reorganization"). As all power and authority to control the core functions of Holdings and Extraction were controlled by PRL, the Reorganization was accounted for as a reorganization of entities under common control and the assets and liabilities of Extraction were recorded at Extraction's historical costs. The consolidated financial statements have been retrospectively recast for all periods prior to May 29, 2014 to reflect the Reorganization as if the transfer of net assets occurred at the beginning of the period. Results of operations for the 2014 period include the results of operations from Extraction, the previously separate entity, from January 1, 2014 to May 29, 2014, the date the transfer was completed.

        At the Reorganization, Yorktown Energy Partners ("Yorktown") controlled Holdings through ownership of 76.1% of its membership interests. The remaining 23.9% of Holdings' membership interests was owned by certain members of management and other third-party investors. Immediately after the Reorganization, Holdings completed an offering of its membership units (see Note 9—Members' Equity ). Following the membership offering, Yorktown controlled 51.8% of Holdings through three funds: Yorktown Energy Fund IX, LP, Yorktown Energy Fund X, LP, and Yorktown Extraction Co-Investment Partners, LP.

        Subsequent to the membership offering described above, the Company issued additional membership interests (see Note 9—Members' Equity ). As a result, Yorktown owns 50.1% and certain members of management and other third-party investors own 49.9% of Holdings' at December 31, 2015.

        XTR Midstream, LLC ("XTR") is also a wholly-owned subsidiary of Holdings. XTR was formed on September 10, 2014, as a Delaware limited liability company and is designing midstream assets to gather and process crude oil and gas production in the DJ Basin of Colorado.

        7N, LLC ("7N") is also a wholly-owned subsidiary of Holdings. 7N, LLC was formed on September 10, 2014, as a Delaware limited liability company to acquire certain real property and rights-of-way to support the build-out of XTR's gathering and processing system.

        Mountaintop Minerals, LLC ("Mountaintop") is also a wholly-owned subsidiary of Holdings. Mountaintop was formed on March 10, 2015, as a Delaware limited liability company to engage in the acquisition of minerals, primarily in the DJ Basin of Colorado.

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 1—Organization (Continued)

        8 North, LLC ("8 North") is also a wholly-owned subsidiary of Holdings. 8 North was formed on April 29, 2015, as a Delaware limited liability company and assigned certain leases in Boulder and Weld Counties previously owned by Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC. 8 North, LLC was formed to engage in the development of oil and gas leases currently categorized as unproved with a specific focus on Northern Colorado.

        XOG Services, LLC ("XOG") is also a wholly-owned subsidiary of Holdings. XOG Services, LLC was formed on November 13, 2015, as a Delaware limited liability company to administer payroll and other general and administrative functions beginning in 2016 for all Holdings' subsidiaries.

Note 2—Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

        The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, including its wholly-owned subsidiaries, which are collectively referred to as "Holdings" or the "Company". All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The financial statements included herein were prepared from the records of the Company in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States ("GAAP"). In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting primarily of normal recurring accruals that are considered necessary for a fair presentation of the consolidated financial information, have been included.

Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements

        The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of oil and gas reserves, assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Significant areas requiring the use of assumptions, judgments and estimates include (1) oil and gas reserves; (2) cash flow estimates used in impairment testing of oil and gas properties; (3) depreciation, depletion and amortization; (4) asset retirement obligations; (5) assigning fair value and allocating purchase price in connection with business combinations; (6) accrued revenue and related receivables; (7) valuation of commodity derivative instruments; (8) accrued liabilities; and (9) valuation of unit based payments. Although management believes these estimates are reasonable, actual results could differ from these estimates. The Company evaluates its estimates on an on-going basis and bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions the Company believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. Although actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions, the Company believes its estimates are reasonable.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

        Cash and cash equivalents consist of all highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into cash and have original maturities of three months or less when purchased.

Cash Held in Escrow

        Cash held in escrow includes deposits for purchases of certain oil and gas properties as required under the related purchase and sale agreements. On March 10, 2015, $10.1 million of cash held in escrow as of December 31, 2014, was released at closing of the 2015 purchase of certain oil and gas properties in Adams, Broomfield, Boulder and Weld Counties, Colorado. Please refer to Note 4—Acquisitions for further information.

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 2—Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)

Accounts Receivable

        The Company records estimated oil and gas revenue receivable from third parties at its net revenue interest. The Company also reflects costs incurred on behalf of joint interest partners in accounts receivable. The Company generally has the ability to withhold future revenue disbursements to recover non-payment of joint interest billings. On an on-going basis, management reviews accounts receivable amounts for collectability and records its allowance for uncollectible receivables under the specific identification method. The Company did not record any allowance for uncollectible receivables for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014.

Credit Risk and Other Concentrations

        The Company's cash and cash equivalents are exposed to concentrations of credit risk. The Company manages and controls this risk by investing these funds with major financial institutions. The Company often has balances in excess of the federally insured limits.

        The Company sells oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids ("NGL") to various types of customers, including pipelines and refineries. Credit is extended based on an evaluation of the customer's financial conditions and historical payment record. The future availability of a ready market for oil, natural gas and NGL depends on numerous factors outside the Company's control, none of which can be predicted with certainty. For the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, the Company had the following major customers that exceeded 10% of total oil, natural gas and NGL revenues. The Company does not believe the loss of any single purchaser would materially impact its operating results because crude oil, natural gas and NGLs are fungible products with well-established markets and numerous purchasers.

 
  For the Years
Ended
December 31,
 
 
  2015   2014  

Customer A

    30 %   0 %

Customer B

    24 %   54 %

Customer C

    17 %   8 %

Customer D

    17 %   16 %

        At December 31, 2015, the Company had commodity derivative contracts with six counterparties. The Company does not require collateral or other security from counterparties to support derivative instruments; however, to minimize the credit risk in derivative instruments, it is the Company's policy to enter into derivative contracts only with counterparties that are credit worthy financial institutions deemed by management as competent and competitive market-makers. Additionally, the Company uses master netting agreements to minimize credit-risk exposure. The credit worthiness of the Company's counterparties is subject to periodic review. Three of the six counterparties to the derivative instruments are highly rated entities with corporate ratings at A3 classifications by Moody's. The other three counterparties had a corporate rating of Baa1 by Moody's. For the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, the Company did not incur any significant losses with respect to counterparty contracts. None of the Company's existing derivative instrument contracts contains credit-risk related contingent features.

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 2—Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)

Inventory and prepaid expenses

        The Company records well equipment inventory at the lower of cost or market value. Prepaid expenses and prepaid water are recorded at cost. Inventory and prepaid expenses are comprised of the following (in thousands):

 
  December 31,
2015
  December 31,
2014
 

Well equipment inventory

  $ 6,238   $ 3,431  

Prepaid water

    253     622  

Prepaid expenses

    1,447     398  

  $ 7,938   $ 4,451  

Oil and Gas Properties

        The Company follows the successful efforts method of accounting for oil and gas properties. Under this method of accounting, all property acquisition costs and development costs are capitalized when incurred and depleted on a units-of-production basis over the remaining life of proved reserves and proved developed reserves, respectively. At December 31, 2015 and 2014, the Company excluded $59.4 million and $41.2 million of capitalized costs from depletion related to wells in progress, respectively. Depreciation and depletion expense on capitalized oil and gas property was $140.2 million and $33.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

        The costs of exploratory wells are initially capitalized pending a determination of whether proved reserves have been found. At the completion of drilling activities, the costs of exploratory wells remain capitalized if a determination is made that proved reserves have been found. If no proved reserves have been found, the costs of exploratory wells are charged to expense. In some cases, a determination of proved reserves cannot be made at the completion of drilling, requiring additional testing and evaluation of the wells. Cost incurred for exploratory wells that find reserves that cannot yet be classified as proved are capitalized if (a) the well has found a sufficient quantity of reserves to justify its completion as a producing well and (b) sufficient progress in assessing the reserves and the economic and operating viability of the project has been made. The status of suspended well costs is monitored continuously and reviewed not less than annually. Due to the capital-intensive nature and the geographical location of certain projects, it may take an extended period of time to evaluate the future potential of an exploration project and the economics associated with making a determination of its commercial viability. As of December 31, 2015, the Company had approximately $17.3 million in suspended well costs, all capitalized less than one year. The suspended well costs are included in wells in progress at December 31, 2015. These exploratory well costs are pending further engineering evaluation and analysis to determine if economic quantities of oil and gas reserves have been discovered. We expect our analysis to be complete in the second half of 2016. As of December 31, 2014, the Company had no suspended well costs recorded.

        Geological and geophysical costs are expensed as incurred. Costs of seismic studies that are utilized in development drilling within an area of proved reserves are capitalized as development costs. Amounts of seismic costs capitalized are based on only those blocks of data used in determining development well locations. To the extent that a seismic project covers areas of both developmental and

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 2—Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)

exploratory drilling, those seismic costs are proportionately allocated between development costs and exploration expense.

        The Company capitalizes interest, if debt is outstanding, during drilling operations in its exploration and development activities. For the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, the Company capitalized interest of approximately $5.3 million and $2.6 million, respectively.

Impairment of Oil and Gas Properties

        Proved oil and gas properties are reviewed for impairment annually or when events and circumstances indicate a possible decline in the recoverability of the carrying amount of such property. For each of our subsidiaries, the Company estimates the expected future cash flows of its oil and gas properties and compares these undiscounted cash flows to the carrying amount of the oil and gas properties to determine if the carrying amount is recoverable. If the carrying amount exceeds the estimated undiscounted future cash flows, the Company will write down the carrying amount of the oil and gas properties to fair value. The factors used to determine fair value include, but are not limited to, estimates of reserves, future commodity prices, future production estimates, estimated future capital expenditures and discount rates commensurate with the risk associated with realizing the projected cash flows. Impairment expense for proved properties is reported in impairment of long lived assets in the consolidated statements of operations. In December 2015, Extraction sold proved oil and gas properties for proceeds of $4.7 million. As a result, these assets were fair valued on the date of the transaction in accordance with ASC 360, Property, Plant and Equipment . The net book value of these assets exceeded the fair value by $2.7 million, which the Company recognized as impairment expense. Additionally, the Company recorded impairment expense of $9.5 million related to impairment of its subsidiary, 8 North. 8 North had negative future undiscounted cash flows associated with its proved oil and gas properties as of December 31, 2015, and it was determined that 8 North's proved oil and gas properties had no remaining fair value. Therefore, 8 North's full net book value of proved oil and gas properties were impaired. The Company recognized $12.2 million in impairment expense attributable to proved oil and gas properties for the year ended December 31, 2015. No impairment expense was recognized for the year ended December 31, 2014.

        Unproved oil and gas properties consist of costs to acquire unevaluated leases as well as costs to acquire unproved reserves. The Company evaluates significant unproved oil and gas properties for impairment based on remaining lease term, drilling results, reservoir performance, seismic interpretation or future plans to develop acreage. When successful wells are drilled on undeveloped leaseholds, unproved property costs are reclassified to proved properties and depleted on a unit-of-production basis. Impairment expense for unproved properties is reported in exploration expenses in the consolidated statements of operations. The Company recognized $16.4 million in impairment expense for the year ended December 31, 2015 attributable to the abandonment and impairment of unproved properties. No impairment expense was attributable to unproved properties for the year ended December 31, 2014.

Other Property and Equipment

        Other property and equipment consists of (i) XTR assets such as rights of way, pipelines, equipment and engineering costs, (ii) compressors used in Extraction's oil and gas operations, (iii) land to be used in the future development of the Company's gas plant, compressor stations, central tank

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 2—Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)

batteries, and disposal well facilities and (iv) other property and equipment including, office furniture and fixtures, leasehold improvements and computer hardware and software. Impairment expense for other property and equipment is reported in impairment of long lived assets in the consolidated statements of operations. The company recognized $3.6 million in impairment expense related to midstream facilities for the year ended December 31, 2015, which increased accumulated depreciation. The Company recognized this impairment expense as the result of contraction in the local oil and gas industry's near term growth profile, therefore decreasing the need and support for the proposed gas processing facilities. No impairment expense was recorded for the year ended December 31, 2014. Other property and equipment is recorded at cost and depreciated using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives ranging from three to 25 years. Other property and equipment is comprised of the following (in thousands):

 
  December 31,
2015
  December 31,
2014
 

Rental equipment

  $ 2,910   $ 1,315  

Land

    14,778     4,104  

Midstream facilities

    10,783     5,686  

Office leasehold improvements

    3,967     230  

Other

    4,073     1,525  

Less: accumulated depreciation

    (6,109 )   (218 )

  $ 30,402   $ 12,642  

Deferred Lease Incentives

        All incentives received from landlords for office leasehold improvements are recorded as deferred lease incentives and amortized over the term of the respective lease on a straight-line basis as a reduction of rental expense.

Debt Discount Costs

        The $430.0 million in Second Lien Notes at December 31, 2015 were issued at a 1.5% original issue discount ("OID") and the debt discount of $6.5 million has been recorded as a reduction of the Second Lien Notes. The debt discount costs related to Second Lien Notes are amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method over the term of the debt.

Debt Issuance Costs

        Debt issuance costs include origination, legal, engineering, and other fees incurred to issue the debt in connection with the Company's credit facility and Second Lien Notes. Debt issuance costs related to the credit facility are amortized to interest expense on a straight-line basis over the respective borrowing term. Debt issuance costs related to the Second Lien Notes are amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method over the term of the debt.

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 2—Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)

Deferred Equity Issuance Costs

        In conjunction with a possible initial public offering ("IPO") of a subsidiary of the Company, costs incurred related to the IPO are capitalized as deferred equity issuance costs until the common shares are issued or the potential offering is terminated. Upon issuance of common shares, these costs will be offset against the proceeds received; or if the IPO does not occur, they will be expensed. Offering costs include direct and incremental costs related to the offering such as legal fees and related costs associated with the subsidiary's proposed IPO.

Commodity Derivative Instruments

        The Company has entered into commodity derivative instruments to reduce the effect of price changes on a portion of the Company's future oil and natural gas production. The commodity derivative instruments are measured at fair value and are included in the accompanying balance sheets as commodity derivative assets. The Company has not designated any of the derivative contracts as fair value or cash flow hedges. Therefore, the Company does not apply hedge accounting to the commodity derivative instruments. Net gains and losses on commodity derivative instruments are recorded based on the changes in the fair values of the derivative instruments. Net gains and losses on commodity derivative instruments are recorded in the commodity derivative gain (loss) line on the consolidated statements of operations. The Company's cash flow is only impacted when the actual settlements under the commodity derivative contracts result in making or receiving a payment to or from the counterparty. These settlements under the commodity derivative contracts are reflected as operating activities in the Company's consolidated statements of cash flows.

        The Company's valuation estimate takes into consideration the counterparties' credit worthiness, the Company's credit worthiness, and the time value of money. The consideration of the factors result in an estimated exit-price for each derivative asset or liability under a market place participant's view. Management believes that this approach provides a reasonable, non-biased, verifiable, and consistent methodology for valuing commodity derivative instruments. Please refer to Note 6—Commodity Derivative Instruments for additional discussion on commodity derivative instruments.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

        The Company's financial instruments consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, commodity derivative instruments (discussed above) and long-term debt. The carrying values of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable are representative of their fair values due to their short-term maturities. The carrying amount of the Company's credit facility approximates fair value as it bears interest at variable rates over the term of the loan. The Company's Second Lien Notes are recorded at cost and the fair value is disclosed in Note 8—Fair Value Measurements . Considerable judgment is required to develop estimates of fair value. The estimates provided are not necessarily indicative of the amounts the Company would realize upon the sale or refinancing of such instruments.

Asset Retirement Obligation

        The Company recognizes estimated liabilities for future costs associated with the abandonment of its oil and gas properties. A liability for the fair value of an asset retirement obligation and corresponding increase to the carrying value of the related long-lived asset are recorded at the time the

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 2—Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)

Company makes the decision to complete the well or a well is acquired. For additional discussion on asset retirement obligations please refer to Note 7—Asset Retirement Obligations .

Environmental Liabilities

        The Company is subject to federal, state and local environmental laws and regulations. These laws regulate the discharge of materials into the environment and may require the Company to remove or mitigate the environmental effects of the disposal or release of petroleum substances at various sites. Environmental expenditures are expensed or capitalized depending on their future economic benefit. Expenditures that relate to an existing condition caused by past operations and that have no future economic benefit are expensed.

        Liabilities for expenditures of a non-capital nature are recorded when environmental assessments and/or remediation is probable, and the costs can be reasonably estimated. Such liabilities are generally undiscounted values unless the timing of cash payments for the liability or component is fixed or determinable. Management has determined that no environmental liabilities existed as of December 31, 2015.

Revenue Recognition

        Revenues from the sale of oil, natural gas and NGLs are recognized when the product is delivered at a fixed or determinable price, title has transferred, and collectability is reasonably assured and evidenced by a contract. The Company recognizes revenues from the sale of oil, natural gas and NGLs using the sales method of accounting, whereby revenue is recorded based on the Company's share of volume sold, regardless of whether the Company has taken its proportional share of volume produced. A receivable or liability is recognized only to the extent that the Company has an imbalance on a specific property greater than the expected remaining proved reserves. There were no material imbalances at December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014.

Unit-Based Payments

        The Company has granted restricted stock units ("RSUs") to certain employees and nonemployee consultants of the Company, which therefore required the Company to recognize the expense in its financial statements. All unit-based payments to employees are measured at fair value on the grant date and expensed over the relevant service period. Unit-based payments to nonemployees are measured at fair value at each financial reporting date and expensed over the period of performance, such that aggregate expense recognized is equal to the fair value of the restricted stock units on the date performance is completed. All unit-based payment expense is recognized using the straight-line method and is included within general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations.

Income Taxes

        The Company is organized as a Delaware limited liability company and is treated as a flow-through entity for U.S. federal and state income tax purposes. As a result, the Company's net taxable income and any related tax credits are passed through to the members and are included in their tax returns even though such net taxable income or tax credits may not have actually been distributed.

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 2—Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)

Unaudited Pro Forma Income Taxes

        These financial statements have been prepared in anticipation of a proposed initial public offering (the "Offering") of the common stock of Extraction Oil & Gas, Inc. In connection with the Offering, the Company will merge into Extraction Oil and Gas, LLC, and Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC will convert from a Delaware limited liability company into a Delaware corporation, which will be taxed as a corporation under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. Accordingly, a pro forma income tax provision has been disclosed as if the Company was a taxable corporation for all periods presented. The Company has computed pro forma entity-level income tax expense using an estimated effective rate of            %, inclusive of all applicable U.S. federal, state and local income taxes.

Unaudited Pro Forma Earnings Per Share

        The Company has presented pro forma earnings per share for the most recent period. Pro forma basic and diluted income per share was computed by dividing pro forma net income attributable to the Company by the number of shares of common stock attributable to the Company to be issued in the initial public offering described in the registration statement, as if such shares were issued and outstanding for the period ended December 31, 2015.

Segment Reporting

        The Company operates in only one industry segment which is the exploration and production of oil, natural gas and NGLs and related midstream activities. The Company's wholly-owned subsidiary, XTR, is currently in the design phase and no revenue generating activities have commenced. All of the Company's operations are conducted in one geographic area of the United States. All revenues are derived from customers located in the United States.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

        The accounting standard-setting organizations frequently issue new or revised accounting rules. The Company regularly reviews new pronouncements to determine their impact, if any, on its financial statements.

        In March 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2016-09, which simplifies the accounting for share-based payment award transactions, including: (a) income tax consequences; (b) classification of awards as either equity or liabilities; and (c) classification on the consolidated statements of cash flows. ASU 2016-09 is effective for public companies for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within those fiscal years. For non-public companies, ASU 2016-09 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 31, 2017, and interim periods within annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted in any interim period or annual period with any adjustment reflected as of the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption. The Company is currently evaluating this new standard to determine the potential impact to its financial statements and related disclosures.

        In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, which requires lessee recognition on the balance sheet of a right-of-use asset and a lease liability, initially measured at the present value of the lease payments. It further requires recognition in the income statement of a single lease cost, calculated

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 2—Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)

so that the cost of the lease is allocated over the lease term on a generally straight-line basis. Finally, it requires classification of all cash payments within operating activities in the statements of cash flows. It is effective for fiscal years commencing after December 15, 2018 and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact this new standard will have on its financial statements.

        In September 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-16. This ASU eliminates the requirement to retrospectively apply measurement-period adjustments made to provisional amounts recognized in a business combination. The accounting update also requires an entity to present separately on the face of the income statement, or disclose in the notes, the portion of the amount recorded in current-period earnings, by line item, that would have been recorded in previous reporting periods if the adjustment to the estimated amounts had been recognized as of the acquisition date. ASU 2015-16 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2015. This standard should be applied prospectively, and early adoption is permitted. The Company has elected early adoption for its year end December 31, 2015 financial statements. The adoption of this standard did not have a significant impact on the Company's financial statements.

        In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-11, which updates the authoritative guidance for inventory, specifically that inventory should be valued at each reporting period at the lower of cost or net realizable value. This guidance is effective for the annual period beginning after December 15, 2016; early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this new standard; however, the Company does not expect adoption to have a material impact on its financial statements.

        In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-03, with an objective to simplify the presentation of debt issuance costs in financial statements by presenting such costs in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the related debt liability rather than as an asset. Effective January 1, 2016, the Company adopted ASU No. 2015-03 on a retrospective basis. In accordance with this adoption, the Company has reclassified $12.3 million and $15.1 million of debt issuance costs related to its Second Lien Notes at December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014 respectively from the debt issuance costs, net of amortization line item to the Second Lien, net of unamortized debt discount line item. The balance sheet line items that were adjusted as a result of the adoption of ASU 2015-03 are presented in the following table (in thousands):

 
  As of December 31, 2015   As of December 31, 2014  
 
  As Reported   As Adjusted   As Reported   As Adjusted  

Debt issuance costs

  $ 14,196     N/A   $ 16,626     N/A  

Other non-current assets

    N/A   $ 1,846     N/A   $ 1,507  

Total Non-Current Assets

  $ 18,044   $ 5,694   $ 32,805   $ 17,686  

Total Assets

  $ 1,646,490   $ 1,634,140   $ 1,216,188   $ 1,201,069  

Second Lien Notes, net of unamortized debt discount

  $ 425,140     N/A   $ 424,022     N/A  

Second Lien Notes, net of unamortized debt discount and debt issuance costs

    N/A   $ 412,790     N/A   $ 408,903  

Total Non-Current Liabilities

  $ 721,916   $ 709,566   $ 545,659   $ 530,540  

Total Liabilities

  $ 892,258   $ 879,908   $ 671,000   $ 655,881  

Total Liabilities and Members' Equity

  $ 1,646,490   $ 1,634,140   $ 1,216,188   $ 1,201,069  

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 2—Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)

        In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-15, which amends ASU 2015-03 which had not addressed the balance sheet presentation of debt issuance costs incurred in connection with line-of-credit arrangements. Under ASU 2015-15, a Company may defer debt issuance costs associated with line-of-credit arrangements and present such costs as an asset, subsequently amortizing the deferred debt issuance costs ratably over the term of the line-of-credit arrangement, regardless of whether there are any outstanding borrowings. ASU 2015-15 is consistent with how the Company currently accounts for debt issuance costs related to the Company's credit facility.

        In November 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-16, which updates authoritative guidance for derivatives and hedging instruments, specifically in determining whether the host contract in a hybrid financial instrument issued in the form of a share is more akin to debt or to equity. This guidance is effective for the annual period beginning after December 15, 2015; early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this new standard; however, the Company does not expect adoption to have a material impact on its financial statements.

        In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-15, with an objective to provide guidance on management's responsibility to evaluate whether there is substantial doubt about a company's ability to continue as a going concern and to provide related footnote disclosures. ASU 2014-15 is effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2016, and annual and interim periods thereafter. This standard is not expected to have an impact on the Company's financial statements.

        In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, which establishes a comprehensive new revenue recognition model designed to depict the transfer of goods or services to a customer in an amount that reflects the consideration the entity expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. The ASU allows for the use of either the full or modified retrospective transition method. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-14, which deferred ASU No. 2014-09 for one year, and is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim reporting periods within that reporting period. Earlier application is permitted only as of reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this new standard on its financial statements, as well as which transition method the Company intends to use.

        There are no other accounting standards applicable to the Company that have been issued but not yet adopted by the Company as of December 31, 2015, and through the date the financial statements were available to be issued.

Subsequent Events

        These financial statements considered subsequent events through April 22, 2016, the date the financial statements were available to be issued.

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 3—Oil and Gas Properties

        The Company's oil and gas properties are entirely within the United States. The net capitalized costs related to the Company's oil and gas producing activities were as follows (in thousands):

 
  As of December 31,  
 
  2015   2014  

Proved oil and gas properties

  $ 1,128,022   $ 594,847  

Unproved oil and gas properties(1)

    374,194     405,632  

Wells in progress(2)

    59,416     41,160  

Total capitalized costs(3)

  $ 1,561,632   $ 1,041,639  

Accumulated depletion, depreciation and amortization

    (181,382 )   (33,896 )

Net capitalized costs

  $ 1,380,250   $ 1,007,743  

(1)
Unproved oil and gas properties represent unevaluated costs the Company excludes from the amortization base until proved reserves are established or impairment is determined. The Company estimates that the remaining costs will be evaluated within 3 to 5 years.

(2)
Costs from wells in progress are excluded from the amortization base until production commences.

(3)
Includes interest capitalized of $8.2 million and $2.9 million at December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

        The following table presents information regarding the Company's net costs incurred in oil and gas property acquisition, exploration and development activities (in thousands):

 
  For the Years Ended  
 
  December 31,
2015
  December 31,
2014
 
 
  (unaudited)
 

Property acquisition costs:

             

Proved

  $ 80,952   $ 378,243  

Unproved

    120,651     424,313  

Exploration costs(1)

    19,584     126  

Development costs

    337,968     212,442  

Total

  $ 559,155   $ 1,015,124  

Total excluding asset retirement obligations

  $ 523,531   $ 1,008,347  

(1)
Exploration costs do not include impairment and abandonment costs of unproved properties, which are included in the line item exploration expenses in the statements of operations.

Note 4—Acquisitions

May 2014 Acquisition

        On May 29, 2014, the Company acquired an unaffiliated oil and gas company's interests in approximately 6,200 net acres of leaseholds, and related producing properties located primarily in Weld

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 4—Acquisitions (Continued)

County, Colorado, along with various other related rights, permits, contracts, equipment and other assets (the "May 2014 Acquisition"). The seller received aggregate consideration of approximately $219.3 million in cash. The effective date for the acquisition was January 1, 2014, with purchase price adjustments calculated as of the closing date on May 29, 2014. This acquisition was the Company's initial entrance into the DJ Basin of significant size, the Company's core project area. The Company incurred $0.4 million of transaction costs related to the acquisition for the year ended December 31, 2014. No transaction costs related to the acquisition were incurred for the year ended December 31, 2015. Transaction costs are recorded in the consolidated statements of operations within the general and administrative expense line item.

        The acquisition is accounted for using the acquisition method under ASC 805, Business Combinations , which requires the acquired assets and liabilities to be recorded at fair value as of the acquisition date of May 29, 2014. In December 2014, the Company completed the transaction's post-closing settlement. The following table summarizes the purchase price and the final allocation of the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed (in thousands):

Purchase Price
  May 29,
2014
 

Consideration given

       

Cash

  $ 219,320  

Total consideration given

  $ 219,320  

Allocation of Purchase Price

       

Proved oil and gas properties

  $ 140,275  

Unproved oil and gas properties

    73,600  

Total fair value of oil and gas properties acquired

    213,875  

Working capital

 
$

5,675
 

Asset retirement obligations

    (230 )

Fair value of net assets acquired

  $ 219,320  

Working capital acquired was estimated as follows:

       

Accounts receivable

  $ 19,081  

Revenue payable

    (5,994 )

Production taxes payable

    (4,328 )

Accrued liabilities

    (3,084 )

Total working capital

  $ 5,675  

July 2014 Acquisition

        On July 28, 2014, the Company acquired an unaffiliated oil and gas company's interests in approximately 9,000 net acres of leaseholds, and related producing properties located primarily in Weld County, Colorado, along with various other related rights, permits, contracts, equipment and other assets (the "July 2014 Acquisition"). The seller received aggregate consideration of approximately $113.4 million in cash. The effective date for the acquisition was March 1, 2014, with purchase price adjustments calculated as of the closing date on July 28, 2014. The acquisition provided strategic

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 4—Acquisitions (Continued)

additions adjacent to the Company's core project area. The Company incurred $0.3 million of transaction costs related to the acquisition for the year ended December 31, 2014. No transaction costs related to the acquisition were incurred for the year ended December 31, 2015. Transaction costs are recorded in the consolidated statements of operations within the general and administrative expense line item.

        The acquisition is accounted for using the acquisition method under ASC 805, Business Combinations , which requires the acquired assets and liabilities to be recorded at fair value as of the acquisition date of July 28, 2014. In October 2014, the Company completed the transaction's post-closing settlement. The following table summarizes the purchase price and the final allocation of the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed (in thousands):

Purchase Price
  July 28,
2014
 

Consideration given

       

Cash

  $ 113,410  

Total consideration given

  $ 113,410  

Allocation of Purchase Price

       

Proved oil and gas properties

  $ 62,350  

Unproved oil and gas properties

    52,508  

Total fair value of oil and gas properties acquired

    114,858  

Working capital

 
$

2,337
 

Asset retirement obligations

    (3,785 )

Fair value of net assets acquired

  $ 113,410  

Working capital acquired was estimated as follows:

       

Accounts receivable

  $ 5,157  

Revenue payable

    (297 )

Production taxes payable

    (1,160 )

Accrued liabilities

    (1,363 )

Total working capital

  $ 2,337  

August 2014 Acquisition

        On August 21, 2014, the Company acquired an unaffiliated oil and gas company's interests in approximately 6,400 net acres of leaseholds, and related producing properties located primarily in Weld County, Colorado, along with various other related rights, permits, contracts, equipment and other assets (the "August 2014 Acquisition"). The seller received aggregate consideration of approximately $297.1 million in cash. The effective date for the acquisition was March 1, 2014, with purchase price adjustments calculated as of the closing date on August 21, 2014. The acquisition provided strategic additions adjacent to the Company's core project area. The Company incurred $0.4 million of transaction costs related to the acquisition for the year ended December 31, 2014. No transaction costs related to the acquisition were incurred for the year ended December 31, 2015. Transaction costs are

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 4—Acquisitions (Continued)

recorded in the consolidated statements of operations within the general and administrative expense line item.

        The acquisition is accounted for using the acquisition method under ASC 805, Business Combinations , which requires the acquired assets and liabilities to be recorded at fair value as of the acquisition date of August 21, 2014. In April 2015, the Company completed the transaction's post-closing settlement. The following table summarizes the purchase price and the final allocation of the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed (in thousands):

Purchase Price
  August 21,
2014
 

Consideration given

       

Cash

  $ 297,112  

Total consideration given

  $ 297,112  

Allocation of Purchase Price

       

Proved oil and gas properties

  $ 167,826  

Unproved oil and gas properties

    132,568  

Total fair value of oil and gas properties acquired

    300,394  

Working capital

 
$

(1,787

)

Asset retirement obligations

    (1,495 )

Fair value of net assets acquired

  $ 297,112  

Working capital acquired was estimated as follows:

       

Accounts receivable

  $ 9,065  

Well equipment inventory

    503  

Revenue payable

    (4,967 )

Production taxes payable

    (1,688 )

Accrued liabilities

    (4,700 )

Total working capital

  $ (1,787 )

October 2014 Acquisition

        On October 15, 2014, the Company acquired an unaffiliated oil and gas company's interests in 29 producing properties located primarily in Weld County, Colorado, along with various other related rights, permits, contracts and equipment (the "October 2014 Acquisition"). The seller received aggregate consideration of approximately $1.3 million in cash. The effective date for the acquisition was July 1, 2014, with purchase price adjustments calculated as of the closing date on October 15, 2014. The acquisition expanded the Company's core project area. The Company incurred $0.4 million of transaction costs related to the acquisition for the year ended December 31, 2014. No transaction costs related to the acquisition were incurred for the year ended December 31, 2015. Transaction costs are recorded in the consolidated statements of operations within the general and administrative expense line item.

        The acquisition is accounted for using the acquisition method under ASC 805, Business Combinations , which requires the acquired assets and liabilities to be recorded at fair value as of the

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 4—Acquisitions (Continued)

acquisition date of October 15, 2014. In January 2015, the Company completed the transaction's post-closing settlement. The following table summarizes the purchase price and the final allocation of the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed (in thousands):

Purchase Price
  October 15,
2014
 

Consideration given

       

Cash

  $ 1,343  

Total consideration given

  $ 1,343  

Allocation of Purchase Price

       

Proved oil and gas properties

  $ 6,592  

Total fair value of oil and gas properties acquired

    6,592  

Working capital

 
$

(4,657

)

Asset retirement obligations

    (592 )

Fair value of net assets acquired

  $ 1,343  

Working capital acquired was estimated as follows:

       

Accounts receivable

  $ 135  

Revenue payable

    (206 )

Production taxes payable

    (574 )

Accrued liabilities

    (4,013 )

Total working capital

  $ (4,657 )

        Additionally, as part of the October 2014 Acquisition, the Company acquired unproved acreage located primarily in Weld County, Colorado from the same unaffiliated oil and gas company for approximately $76.5 million.

March 2015 Acquisition

        On March 10, 2015, the Company acquired an unaffiliated oil and gas company's interests in approximately 39,000 net acres of leaseholds, and related producing properties located primarily in Adams, Broomfield, Boulder and Weld Counties, Colorado, along with various other related rights, permits, contracts, equipment, rights of way, gathering systems and other assets (the "March 2015 Acquisition"). The seller received aggregate consideration of approximately $120.5 million in cash. The effective date for the acquisition was January 1, 2014, with purchase price adjustments calculated as of the closing date on March 10, 2015. The acquisition provided new development opportunities in the DJ Basin as well as additions adjacent to the Company's core project area. No transaction costs related to the acquisition were incurred for the year ended December 31, 2014. The Company incurred $0.5 million of transaction costs related to the acquisition during the year ended December 31, 2015. These transaction costs are recorded in the consolidated statements of operations within the general and administrative expense line item. Additionally, the Company incurred $6.0 million of non-cash transaction costs associated with a finder's fee to an unaffiliated third-party. The Company assigned an over-riding royalty interest in the proved and unproved oil and gas properties acquired in the March 2015 Acquisition, which had a fair value of $6.0 million on the measurement date. These transaction costs are recorded in the consolidated statements of operations within the acquisition transaction expense line item.

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 4—Acquisitions (Continued)

        The acquisition is accounted for using the acquisition method under ASC 805, Business Combinations , which requires the acquired assets and liabilities to be recorded at fair value as of the acquisition date of March 10, 2015. In November 2015, the Company completed the transaction's post-closing settlement. The following table summarizes the purchase price and the final allocation of the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed (in thousands):

Purchase Price
  March 10,
2015
 

Consideration given

       

Cash

  $ 120,524  

Total consideration given

  $ 120,524  

Allocation of Purchase Price

       

Proved oil and gas properties

  $ 80,952  

Unproved oil and gas properties

    69,450  

Total fair value of oil and gas properties acquired

    150,402  

Working capital

 
$

(1,996

)

Asset retirement obligations

    (27,882 )

Fair value of net assets acquired

  $ 120,524  

Working capital acquired was estimated as follows:

       

Accounts receivable

  $ 462  

Revenue payable

    (718 )

Production taxes payable

    (1,740 )

Total working capital

  $ (1,996 )

Pro Forma Financial Information (Unaudited)

        For the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, the following pro forma financial information represents the combined results for the Company and the properties acquired in the May 2014 Acquisition, July 2014 Acquisition, August 2014 Acquisition, October 2014 Acquisition and March 2015 Acquisition as if the acquisition and related financing had occurred on January 1, 2014. For purposes of the pro forma it was assumed that the 2014 acquisitions were funded through capital contributions of $419.0 million and proceeds from the Second Lien Notes of $288.5 million. For purposes of the pro forma it was assumed that the Company issued equity to finance the March 2015 Acquisition. The pro forma information includes the effects of adjustments for depletion, depreciation, amortization and accretion expense of $1.5 million and $17.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The pro forma information includes the effects of a decrease in non-recurring transaction costs that are included in general and administrative expenses and acquisition transaction expenses of $6.4 million and $1.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. No pro forma adjustments were made for amortization of debt issuance and debt discount costs or interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2015. The pro forma information includes the effects of adjustments for the amortization of debt issuance and debt discount costs of $1.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. The pro forma information includes the effects of adjustments for the

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 4—Acquisitions (Continued)

incremental interest expense on acquisition financing of $15.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2014.

        The following pro forma results (in thousands) do not include any cost savings or other synergies that may result from the acquisition or any estimated costs that have been or will be incurred by the Company to integrate the properties acquired. The pro forma results are not necessarily indicative of what actually would have occurred if the acquisition had been completed as of the beginning of the period, nor are they necessarily indicative of future results.

 
  For the Years Ended
December 31,
 
 
  2015   2014  

Revenues

  $ 199,746   $ 170,970  

Operating expenses

  $ 270,932   $ 104,254  

Net income (loss)

  $ (42,047 ) $ 75,288  

Note 5—Long-Term Debt

        As of the dates indicated the Company's long-term debt consisted of the following (in thousands):

 
  December 31,
2015(1)
  December 31,
2014(1)
 

Credit facility due November 29, 2018

  $ 225,000   $ 100,000  

Second Lien Notes due May 29, 2019

    430,000     430,000  

Unamortized debt discount and debt issuance costs on Second Lien Notes

    (17,210 )   (21,097 )

Total long-term debt

    637,790     508,903  

Less: current portion of long-term debt

         

Total long-term debt, net of current portion

  $ 637,790   $ 508,903  

(1)
These amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation on the accompanying balance sheets. Please refer to the section Recent Accounting Pronouncements in Note 2—Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies for additional discussion.

Credit Facility

        Extraction Oil & Gas Holdings, LLC (the "Borrower), on September 4, 2014 entered into a $500.0 million credit facility with a syndicate of banks, which is subject to a borrowing base. The credit facility matures on November 29, 2018. As of December 31, 2015, the credit facility was subject to a borrowing base of $285.0 million. As of December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, the Company had outstanding borrowings of $225.0 million and $100.0 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2015, the Company had standby letters of credit of $0.7 million. At December 31, 2015, the available credit under the credit facility was $59.3 million. Subsequent to December 31, 2015, the Company borrowed

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 5—Long-Term Debt (Continued)

$10.0 million on the credit facility, bringing the outstanding balance as of the date of this filing under the credit facility to $235.0 million.

        Redetermination of the borrowing base occurred initially quarterly (on February 1, 2015, May 1, 2015, August 1, 2015, November 1, 2015 and February 1, 2016) and semiannually thereafter on May 1 and November 1. Additionally, the Company and the Administrative Agent may each elect a redetermination of the borrowing base between any two scheduled redeterminations. In conjunction with the Company's February 1, 2016 scheduled quarterly borrowing base redetermination, the Company's borrowing base was reaffirmed at $285.0 million.

        Interest on the credit facility is payable at one of the following two variable rates as selected by the Company: a base rate based on the Prime Rate or the Eurodollar rate, based on LIBOR. Either rate is adjusted upward by an applicable margin, based on the utilization percentage of the facility as outlined in the Pricing Grid. Additionally, the credit facility provides for a commitment fee of 0.375% to 0.50%, depending on borrowing base usage. The grid below shows the Base Rate Margin and Eurodollar Margin depending on the applicable Borrowing Base Utilization Percentage (as defined in the credit facility) as of the date of this filing:


Borrowing Base Utilization Grid

Borrowing Base Utilization Percentage
  Utilization   LIBOR
Margin
  Base Rate
Margin
  Commitment
Fee
 

Level 1

  < 25%     1.75 %   0.75 %   0.375 %

Level 2

  ³ 25.0% < 50%     2.00 %   1.00 %   0.375 %

Level 3

  ³ 50% < 75%     2.25 %   1.25 %   0.500 %

Level 4

  ³ 75% < 90%     2.50 %   1.50 %   0.500 %

Level 5

  ³ 90%     2.75 %   1.75 %   0.500 %

        The credit facility contains representations, warranties, covenants, conditions and defaults customary for transactions of this type, including but not limited to: (i) limitations on liens and incurrence of debt covenants; (ii) limitations on dividends, distributions, redemptions and restricted payments covenants; (iii) limitations on investments, loans and advances covenants; and (iv) limitations on the sale of property, mergers, consolidations and other similar transactions covenants. Additionally, the credit facility requires the Borrower to enter into hedging agreements necessary to support the borrowing base.

        The credit facility also contains customary reporting requirements that include a requirement to report within five days of notice any actions, suits, and proceedings before any governmental authority affecting the borrower or any of its subsidiaries that has a stated claim in excess of $2.0 million. In September 2014, Holdings was named in a third party complaint by R.K. Pinson, please refer to Note 12—Commitments and Contingencies for further information. The Company failed to provide timely notice of its involvement in the lawsuit and therefore defaulted under the credit agreement. This default was waived by the lenders on February 12, 2015. In April 2015, the Company failed to timely join a new subsidiary company to its Second Lien Notes and therefore defaulted on the note, creating a cross-default into the credit facility. This default was waived by the lenders on April 28, 2015.

        The credit facility also contains financial covenants requiring the Borrower to comply with a current ratio of consolidated current assets (including unused borrowing capacity and excluding the fair value of commodity derivatives) to consolidated current liabilities of not less than 1.0:1.0 and to

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 5—Long-Term Debt (Continued)

maintain, on the last day of each quarter, a ratio of total net debt (total debt less cash and cash equivalents) to EBITDAX (EBITDAX is defined as net income adjusted for certain cash and non-cash items including depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion, exploration expense, gains/losses on derivative instruments, amortization of certain debt issuance costs, non-cash compensation expense, interest expense and prepayment premiums on extinguishment of debt) of not greater than 4.0:1.0. For the quarter ended December 31, 2015, EBITDAX is based on annualizing the three fiscal quarters ended December 31, 2015. Thereafter, EBITDAX is based on the four quarters then ended. The Company was in compliance with all financial covenants under the credit facility as of December 31, 2015.

        Any borrowings under the credit facility are collateralized by the Borrower's oil and gas producing properties, the Borrower's personal property and the equity interests of the Borrower. Holdings has entered into oil and natural gas hedging transactions with several counterparties that are also lenders under the credit facility. The Company's obligations under these hedging contracts are secured by the credit facility.

Second Lien Notes

        On May 29, 2014, the Company entered in to a 5-year, $430.0 million term loan facility with a syndicate of lenders. The facility matures on May 29, 2019. As of December 31, 2015, the Company had drawn the full $430.0 million under the Second Lien Notes and no further commitments remained. The loan was drawn in four tranches: $230.0 million in May 2014 that bears an interest rate of 11.0%, $75.0 million in July 2014 that bears an interest rate of 11.0%; $75.0 million in August 2014 that bears an interest rate of 10.0%, and $50.0 million in October 2014 that bears an interest rate of 10.0%. The interest rates are fixed and interest is payable semi-annually.

        Several lenders of Second Lien Notes are also members of Holdings. Of the $430.0 million outstanding on the Second Lien Notes, members held approximately $311.7 million.

        The Second Lien Notes contain varying prepayment premiums if they are redeemed prior to three years from May 29, 2014. If the Company were to redeem the Notes after the first anniversary but prior to the second anniversary (after May 29, 2015 and prior to May 29, 2016), then the Company would be required to pay a premium to the face value of the notes equal to $19.3 million. If the Company were to redeem the Notes after the second anniversary but prior to the third anniversary (after May 29, 2016 and prior to May 29, 2017), the Company would be required to pay a premium to the face value of the notes equal to $4.3 million. If the Company were to redeem the Notes after the third anniversary (after May 29, 2017), no prepayment premium would apply.

        The Second Lien Notes contains representations, warranties, covenants, conditions and defaults customary for transactions of this type, including but not limited to: (i) limitations on liens and incurrence of debt covenants; (ii) limitations on dividends, distributions, redemptions and restricted payments covenants; (iii) limitations on investments, loans and advances covenants; and (iv) limitations on the sale of property, mergers, consolidations and other similar transactions covenants.

        The Second Lien Notes also contains a standard cross-default provision. In September 2014, the Company defaulted under its credit facility by failing to provide timely notice of being named as a third party defendant by R.K. Pinson in a lawsuit, please refer to Note 12—Commitments and Contingencies for further information. The cross-default provision in the Second Lien Notes provides that a default under the credit agreement also constitutes a default under the Second Lien Notes. The default under the Second Lien Notes was waived by the lenders on February 12, 2015. Additionally, the Second Lien

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 5—Long-Term Debt (Continued)

Notes contain requirements to timely join newly created subsidiary companies as a loan party. In April 2015, the Company failed to timely join its newly created wholly-owned subsidiary to its Second Lien Notes and therefore defaulted on the note. This default was waived by the lenders on April 28, 2015.

        The Second Lien Notes also contain a debt incurrence covenant requiring the Borrower to comply with a ratio of total proved reserve value to pro-forma total debt of not less than 1.25:1.0 in order to incur additional debt under the Second Lien Notes. The Company was in compliance with all financial covenants under the Second Lien Notes as of December 31, 2015.

Debt Discount Costs on Second Lien Notes

        As of December 31, 2015, the Company had a debt discount from the OID on its Second Lien Notes of $6.5 million. For the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, the Company recorded amortization expense related to the debt discount of $1.1 million and $0.5 million, respectively.

Debt Issuance Costs

        As of December 31, 2015 and 2014, the Company had debt issuance costs of $20.2 million and $18.1 million related to its credit facility and Second Lien Notes, respectively, which has also been reflected on the Company's balance sheet. Debt issuance costs include origination, legal, engineering, and other fees incurred in connection with the Company's credit facility and Second Lien Notes. For the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, the Company recorded amortization expense related to the debt issuance costs of $3.1 million and $1.5 million, respectively.

        Additionally, at December 31, 2015, the Company had debt issuance costs of $1.4 million related to its anticipated Senior Notes offerings, which has also been reflected on the Company's balance sheet. During 2015, the Company was pursuing a Senior Notes offering. As a result of deteriorating credit market conditions, the Company terminated the offering and recorded amortization expense of $1.4 million for the capitalized costs related to the Senior Notes offerings. The amortization expense on these costs are recorded in the statements of operations within the interest expense line item.

Interest Incurred On Long-Term Debt

        For the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, the Company incurred interest expense on long-term debt of $50.5 million and $23.1 million, respectively, and capitalized interest expense of $5.3 million and $2.6 million, respectively, which has been reflected in the Company's financial statements.

Note 6—Commodity Derivative Instruments

        The Company has entered into commodity derivative instruments, as described below. The Company has utilized swaps, collars, three-way collars and puts to reduce the effect of price changes on a portion of the Company's future oil and natural gas production. A swap requires the Company to pay the counterparty if the settlement price exceeds the strike price and the same counterparty is required to pay the Company if the settlement price is less than the strike price. A collar requires the Company to pay the counterparty if the settlement price is above the ceiling price and requires the counterparty to pay the Company if the settlement price is below the floor price. A three-way collar is a combination of three options: a sold call, a purchased put, and a sold put. The sold call establishes the maximum price that the Company will receive for the contracted commodity volumes. The purchased put establishes the minimum price that the Company will receive for the contracted volumes unless the

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 6—Commodity Derivative Instruments (Continued)

market price for the commodity falls below the sold put strike price, at which point the minimum price equals the reference price (e.g., NYMEX) plus the excess of the purchased put strike price over the sold put strike price. The objective of the Company's use of derivative financial instruments is to achieve more predictable cash flows in an environment of volatile oil and gas prices and to manage its exposure to commodity price risk. While the use of these derivative instruments limits the downside risk of adverse price movements, such use may also limit the Company's ability to benefit from favorable price movements. The Company may, from time to time, add incremental derivatives to hedge additional production, restructure existing derivative contracts or enter into new transactions to modify the terms of current contracts in order to realize the current value of the Company's existing positions. The Company does not enter into derivative contracts for speculative purposes.

        The use of derivatives involves the risk that the counterparties to such instruments will be unable to meet the financial terms of such contracts. The Company's derivative contracts are currently with six counterparties. The Company has netting arrangements with the counterparties that provide for the offset of payables against receivables from separate derivative arrangements with the counterparties in the event of contract termination. The derivative contracts may be terminated by a non-defaulting party in the event of default by one of the parties to the agreement.

        The Company's commodity derivative contracts as of December 31, 2015 are summarized below:

 
  2016   2017  

NYMEX WTI(1) Crude Swaps:

             

Notional volume (Bbl)

    250,000      

Weighted average fixed price ($/Bbl)

  $ 51.63        

NYMEX WTI(1) Crude Collars:

   
 
   
 
 

Notional volume (Bbl)

    2,574,150      

Weighted average purchased put price ($/Bbl)

  $ 57.01        

Weighted average sold call price ($/Bbl)

  $ 67.84        

NYMEX WTI(1) Crude 3-Way Collars:

   
 
   
 
 

Notional volume (Bbl)

    1,650,000      

Weighted average purchased put price ($/Bbl)

  $ 53.25        

Weighted average sold call price ($/Bbl)

  $ 58.19        

Weighted average sold put price ($/Bbl)

  $ 45.00        

NYMEX WTI(1) Crude Enhanced Swaps:

   
 
   
 
 

Notional volume (Bbl)

    700,000      

Weighted average fixed price ($/Bbl)

  $ 55.28        

Weighted average sold put price ($/Bbl)

  $ 44.36        

NYMEX WTI(1) Crude Purchased Puts:

   
 
   
 
 

Notional volume (Bbl)

    300,000      

Weighted average purchased put price ($/Bbl)

  $ 40.00        

NYMEX HH(2) Natural Gas Swaps:

   
 
   
 
 

Notional volume (MMBtu)

    13,357,278     13,320,000  

Weighted average fixed price ($/MMBtu)

  $ 3.13   $ 3.01  

(1)
NYMEX WTI refers to West Texas Intermediate crude oil price on the New York Mercantile Exchange

(2)
NYMEX HH refers to the Henry Hub natural gas price on the New York Mercantile Exchange

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 6—Commodity Derivative Instruments (Continued)

        The following tables detail the fair value of the Company's derivative instruments, including the gross amounts and adjustments made to net the derivative instruments for the presentation in the balance sheet (in thousands):

 
   
  As of December 31, 2015  
Underlying Commodity
  Location on
Balance Sheet
  Gross
Amounts of
Recognized
Assets and
Liabilities
  Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Balance
Sheet
  Net
Amounts of
Assets and
Liabilities
Presented in
the Balance
Sheet
 

Oil and natural gas derivative contracts

  Current assets   $ 89,746   $ (20,861 ) $ 68,885  

Oil and natural gas derivative contracts

  Non-current assets   $ 5,916   $ (3,010 ) $ 2,906  

Oil and natural gas derivative contracts

  Current liabilities   $ (20,861 ) $ 20,861   $  

Oil and natural gas derivative contracts

  Non-current liabilities   $ (3,010 ) $ 3,010   $  

 

 
   
  As of December 31, 2014  
Underlying Commodity
  Location on
Balance Sheet
  Gross
Amounts of
Recognized
Assets and
Liabilities
  Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Balance
Sheet
  Net
Amounts of
Assets and
Liabilities
Presented in
the Balance
Sheet
 

Oil and natural gas derivative contracts

  Current assets   $ 44,902   $ (5,109 ) $ 39,793  

Oil and natural gas derivative contracts

  Non-current assets   $ 6,608   $ (500 ) $ 6,108  

Oil and natural gas derivative contracts

  Current liabilities   $ (5,109 ) $ 5,109   $  

Oil and natural gas derivative contracts

  Non-current liabilities   $ (500 ) $ 500   $  

        The Company recognized a net gain on commodity derivatives of $79.9 million and $48.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

Note 7—Asset Retirement Obligations

        The Company follows accounting for asset retirement obligations in accordance with ASC 410, Asset Retirement and Environmental Obligations , which requires that the fair value of a liability for an asset retirement obligation be recognized in the period in which it was incurred if a reasonable estimate of fair value could be made. The Company's asset retirement obligations primarily represent the estimated present value of the amounts expected to be incurred to plug, abandon and remediate producing and shut-in wells at the end of their productive lives in accordance with applicable state and federal laws. The Company determines the estimated fair value of its asset retirement obligations by calculating the present value of estimated cash flows related to plugging and abandonment liabilities. The significant inputs used to calculate such liabilities include estimates of costs to be incurred; the Company's credit adjusted discount rates, inflation rates and estimated dates of abandonment. The asset retirement liability is accreted to its present value each period and the capitalized asset retirement costs are depleted with proved oil and gas properties using the unit of production method.

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 7—Asset Retirement Obligations (Continued)

        The following table summarizes the activities of the Company's asset retirement obligations for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 (in thousands):

 
  For the Year
Ended
December 31,
2015
  For the Year
Ended
December 31,
2014
 

Balance beginning of period

  $ 6,450   $ 9  

Liabilities incurred or acquired

    35,624     6,778  

Liabilities settled

    (1,742 )   (662 )

Revisions in estimated cash flows

         

Accretion expense

    4,035     325  

Balance end of period

  $ 44,367   $ 6,450  

Note 8—Fair Value Measurements

        ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure, establishes a hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value that maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that the most observable inputs be used when available. Observable inputs are inputs that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company. Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect the Company's assumptions of what market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on the best information available in the circumstances. The hierarchy is broken down into three levels based on the reliability of the inputs as follows:

    Level 1: Quoted prices are available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

    Level 2: Quoted prices in active markets for similar assets and liabilities that are observable for the asset or liability;

    Level 3: Unobservable pricing inputs that are generally less observable from objective sources, such as discounted cash flow models or valuations.

        The financial assets and liabilities are classified based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Company's assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement requires judgment, and may affect the valuation of the fair value of assets and liabilities and their placement within the fair value hierarchy levels.

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 8—Fair Value Measurements (Continued)

        The following table presents the Company's financial assets and liabilities that were accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014 by level within the fair value hierarchy (in thousands):

 
  Fair Value Measurements at
December 31, 2015 Using
 
 
  Level 1   Level 2   Level 3   Total  

Financial Assets:

                         

Commodity derivative asset

  $   $ 71,791   $   $ 71,791  

Financial Liabilities:

   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 

Commodity derivative liabilities

  $   $   $   $  

 

 
  Fair Value Measurements at
December 31, 2014 Using
 
 
  Level 1   Level 2   Level 3   Total  

Financial Assets:

                         

Commodity derivative asset

  $   $ 45,901   $   $ 45,901  

Financial Liabilities:

   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 

Commodity derivative liabilities

  $   $   $   $  

        The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of the assets and liabilities in the table above:

Commodity Derivative Instruments

        The Company determines its estimate of the fair value of derivative instruments using a market approach based on several factors, including quoted market prices in active markets, implied market volatility factors, quotes from third parties, the credit rating of each counterparty, and the Company's own credit rating. In consideration of counterparty credit risk, the Company assessed the possibility of whether each counterparty to the derivative would default by failing to make any contractually required payments. Additionally, the Company considers that it is of substantial credit quality and has the financial resources and willingness to meet its potential repayment obligations associated with the derivative transactions. At December 31, 2015 derivative instruments utilized by the Company consist of swaps, enhanced swaps, collars, three way collars and puts. The oil and natural gas derivative markets are highly active. Although the Company's derivative instruments are valued using public indices, the instruments themselves are traded with third-party counterparties and are not openly traded on an exchange. As such, the Company has classified these instruments as Level 2.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

        The Company's financial instruments consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, commodity derivative instruments (discussed above) and long-term debt. The carrying values of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable are representative of their fair values due to their short-term maturities. The carrying amount of the Company's credit facility approximated fair value as it bears interest at variable rates over the term of the loan. The fair value of the Second Lien Notes was derived from available market data. As such, the

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 8—Fair Value Measurements (Continued)

Company has classified the Second Lien Notes as Level 2. Please refer to Note 5—Long-Term Debt for further information. This disclosure (in thousands) does not impact the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

 
  At December 31, 2015   At December 31, 2014  
 
  Carrying
Amount
  Fair Value   Carrying
Amount
  Fair Value  

Credit facility

  $ 225,000   $ 225,000   $ 100,000   $ 100,000  

Second Lien Notes(1)

  $ 412,790   $ 433,196   $ 408,903   $ 463,058  

(1)
The carrying amount of the Second Lien Notes includes unamortized debt discount and debt issuance costs of $17.2 million and $21.1 million as of December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively.

Non-Recurring Fair Value Measurements

        The Company applies the provisions of the fair value measurement standard on a non-recurring basis to its non-financial assets and liabilities, including proved property. These assets and liabilities are not measured at fair value on a recurring basis, but are subject to fair value adjustments when facts are circumstances arise that indicate a need for measurement.

        The Company utilizes fair value on a non-recurring basis to review its proved oil and gas properties for potential impairment when events and circumstances indicate a possible decline in the recoverability of the carrying value of such property. In December of 2015, the Company sold certain proved property and in accordance with ASC 360— Property, Plant and Equipment , measured the property at its fair value prior to the sale of the assets. The Company used an income approach analysis based on the net discounted future cash-flows of producing property. The future cash-flows are based on Management's estimates for the future. Unobservable inputs included estimates of oil and gas production, as the case may be, from the Company's reserve reports, commodity prices based on the sales contract terms or forward price curves, operating and development costs, and a discount rate based on the Company's weighted average cost of capital (all of which are Level 3 inputs within the fair value hierarchy). The impairment tests on the proved property sold indicated that an impairment had occurred at Extraction, and therefore Extraction recorded impairment expense of $2.7 million to reduce the carrying value of the property to its fair value. Additionally, the Company recorded impairment expense of $9.5 million related to impairment of its subsidiary, 8 North. 8 North had negative future undiscounted cash flows associated with its proved oil and gas properties as of December 31, 2015, and it was determined that 8 North's proved oil and gas properties had no remaining fair value. Therefore, 8 North's full net book value of proved oil and gas properties were impaired. The Company recognized $12.2 million in impairment expense attributable to proved oil and gas properties for the year ended December 31, 2015.

        The Company's other non-recurring fair value measurements include the purchase price allocations for the fair value of assets and liabilities acquired through business combinations, please refer to Note 4—Acquisitions . The fair value of assets and liabilities acquired through business combinations is calculated using a discounted-cash flow approach using level 3 inputs. Cash flow estimates require forecasts and assumptions for many years into the future for a variety of factors, including risk-adjusted oil and gas reserves, commodity prices and operating costs, based on market participant assumptions.

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 8—Fair Value Measurements (Continued)

The fair value of assets or liabilities associated with purchase price allocations is on a non-recurring basis and is not measured in periods after initial recognition.

Note 9—Members' Equity

Tranche A, Tranche B and Preferred Tranche C Unit Issuance

        At December 31, 2015, the Company's operations were governed by the provisions of the Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement effective March 10, 2015 ("Holdings LLC Agreement") and the Company had two classes of voting membership interests outstanding, the Tranche A Equity Units and the Tranche C Equity Units. In connection with the Reorganization, on May 29, 2014, the following Tranche A Equity Units were issued:

    62.4 million Tranche A Equity Units were issued to certain members that had made historical capital contributions to Extraction through PRL at a price of $1.02 per unit for gross proceeds of $63.4 million; and,

    14.5 million Tranche A Equity Units were issued to certain members to settle $39.0 million of Extraction convertible notes at a price of $2.68 per unit for gross proceeds of $39.0 million.

        Additionally, on May 29, 2014, 75.6 million Tranche A Equity Units were issued to new and existing members in exchange for additional capital contributions at a price of $2.68 per unit for gross proceeds of $202.9 million.

        On August 20, 2014, the Company issued an additional 74.5 million Tranche A Equity Units to new and existing members in exchange for additional capital contributions at a price of $2.68 per unit for gross proceeds of $199.9 million.

        On February 18, 2015, the Company issued 15.3 million Tranche B Equity Units to certain Members at a purchase price of $3.25 per unit for gross proceeds of $49.6 million. The Tranche B Equity Unit holders were granted certain rights in Holdings' limited liability company agreement. Included was a right to exchange the Tranche B Equity Units for new equity units at a price of $3.25 per unit if the Company issues any equity units with rights, preferences or obligations different form the Tranche B Units on or prior to May 14, 2015.

        On March 10, 2015, the Company issued 32.5 million Tranche C Equity Units to certain new and existing Members at a purchase price of $3.25 per unit for gross proceeds of $105.7 million and each Tranche B Equity Unit was reclassified as a Tranche C Equity Unit, such that no Tranche B Equity Units remain outstanding. The Tranche C Equity Unit holders were granted certain rights in Holdings' limited liability company agreement. Included with these rights were, (1) the right to receive their invested capital prior to any distribution to any other unit holders, (2) the right to receive additional tranche C units under specified circumstances contingent upon an initial public offering or certain change of control events and (3) the right to approve the issue of equity units with any rights or preferences that are senior to the rights and preferences of the Tranche C Equity Units.

        On September 24, 2015, the Company issued 22.9 million Tranche C Equity Units to Members at a purchase price of $3.25 per unit for gross proceeds of $74.3 million.

        On October 13, 2015, the Company issued 7.9 million Tranche C Equity Units to new and existing Members at a purchase price of $3.25 per unit for gross proceeds of $25.7 million.

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 9—Members' Equity (Continued)

        The Company incurred equity issuance costs of $4.6 million and $9.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. These equity issuance costs were recorded as a reduction to Members' Equity.

Restricted Stock Units ("RSUs")

        Under the Holdings LLC Agreement, the Company can grant RSUs to employees, non-employee managers and consultants. RSUs are nonvoting membership interests in the Company and are subject to certain vesting and forfeiture conditions, but have equal rights and preferences to the Tranche A Equity Units in all other regards. See Note 10—Unit-Based Compensation for additional information.

Promissory Notes

        In May 2014, the Company received full recourse promissory notes from two officers under which the Company advanced $5.4 million to the employees to meet their capital contributions. The promissory notes are due on May 29, 2021, or earlier in the event of termination or certain change in control events as stipulated in the individual promissory notes and any distributions of capital contributions are considered mandatory prepayments. The promissory notes have a stated interest rate of LIBOR plus 1% per annum. The promissory notes are recorded as a reduction of members' equity.

Note 10—Unit-Based Compensation

Holdings' RSU's

        On May 29, 2014, the Company adopted the 2014 Membership Unit Incentive Plan ("2014 Plan"). The 2014 Plan provides for the compensation of employees, non-employee managers and consultants of the Company and its affiliates through grants of restricted stock units ("Holdings' RSUs") and incentive units. As of December 31, 2015, 1.3 million Holdings' RSUs remained available for issuance under the 2014 Plan.

        At the Reorganization through December 31, 2015, the following Holdings' RSU activity occurred related to the Company's employees and non-employee consultants:

    3.4 million Holdings' RSUs were granted to each holder of PRL RSUs as part of the Reorganization, (as defined below under the heading "PRL RSUs");

    3.5 million Holdings' RSUs were granted to certain Company employees and consultants to keep their equity ownership whole as part of the Reorganization; and,

    1.4 million Holdings' RSUs were granted to certain members of Extraction management who participated in Extraction's Net Profits Interest Bonus Plan, which was terminated on May 29, 2014 as part of the Reorganization.

    1.9 million Holdings' RSUs were granted to certain Company employees that were hired subsequent to the Reorganization.

        Holdings' RSUs vest over a three-year service period, with 25%, 25% and 50% of the units vesting in year one, two and three, respectively. The vesting period for the 3.4 million Holdings' RSUs granted to holders of PRL RSUs was carried over from the original PRE RSU grants; as such, 0.2 million Holdings' RSUs were vested on May 29, 2014. The vesting period for all other Holdings' RSUs begins

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 10—Unit-Based Compensation (Continued)

on the grant date. The Company estimates fair value of the RSU's on their grant date based upon estimated volatility, market comparable risk free rate, estimated forfeiture rate and a discount for lack of marketability. Grant date fair value was determined based on the value of the Company's Equity Units on the date of the grant. Due to a lack of historical data, the Company uses the experience of other entities in the same industry to estimate a forfeiture rate. Expected forfeitures are then included as part of the grant date estimate of compensation cost.

        The Company recorded $5.3 million and $3.7 million of unit-based compensation costs related to Holding' RSU grants for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. No tax benefit related to unit-based compensation was recognized in the consolidated statements of operations and no unit-based compensation was capitalized for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014. As of December 31, 2015, there was $5.5 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested Holdings' RSUs granted to employees that is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.3 years and $0.4 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested Holdings' RSUs granted to non-employee consultants that is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.1 years.

        Of the 3.4 million Holdings' RSUs granted to holders of PRL RSUs in connection with the Reorganization, 1.3 were granted to PRL employees or consultants. The Company does not record any unit-based compensation expense related to these awards because PRL employees or consultants do not provide services to the Company.

        Of the 3.5 million Holdings' RSUs granted to certain employees and consultants to keep their equity ownership whole as part of the Reorganization, 1.3 were granted to PRL employees or consultants. The Company does not record any unit-based compensation expense related to these awards because PRL employees or consultants do not provide services to the Company.

        The following table summarizes the Holdings' RSU activity from the Reorganization through December 31, 2015 and provides information for Holdings' RSU's outstanding at the dates indicated:

 
  Number of
Shares
  Weighted
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
 

Non-vested RSUs at May 29, 2014

    8,353,616   $ 2.21  

Granted

    1,705,000   $ 2.25  

Forfeited

    (21,826 ) $ 2.21  

Vested

    (670,894 ) $ 2.21  

Non-vested RSUs at January 1, 2015

    9,365,896   $ 2.22  

Granted

    196,047   $ 2.68  

Forfeited

    (53,063 ) $ 2.21  

Vested

    (3,197,638 ) $ 2.22  

Non-vested RSUs at December 31, 2015

    6,311,242   $ 2.23  

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 10—Unit-Based Compensation (Continued)

PRL RSU's

        Prior to the Reorganization, PRL granted RSU's to certain employees, including Extraction employees ("PRL RSUs"). Subsequent to the Reorganization, Extraction's employees retained the PRL RSU's. PRL RSUs vest over a three-year service period, with 25%, 25% and 50% of the units vesting in year one, two and three, respectively. Grant date fair value was determined based on the value of PRL's Equity Units on the date of the grant. PRL uses its past experience to estimate a forfeiture rate and expected forfeitures are included as part of the grant date estimate of compensation cost.

        The Company recorded $0.8 million and $0.8 million of unit-based compensation costs related to PRL RSU grants for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. As of December 31, 2015, there was $0.5 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested PRL RSUs granted to employees that is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 0.4 years.

Holdings' Incentive Units

        In accordance with the 2014 Plan and the Holdings LLC Agreement, Holdings issued incentive units to certain members of management in 2015. As of December 31, 2015, 3.0 million of incentive units had been issued. No incentive units were issued prior to 2015.

        All of the incentive units are non-voting and subject to certain vesting and performance conditions. The incentive units vest over a three year service period, with 25%, 25% and 50% of the units vesting in year 1, year 2 and year 3, respectively, and in full upon a change of control, as defined in the Holdings LLC Agreement. The incentive units are accounted for as liability awards under ASC 718, Compensation—Stock Compensation , with compensation expense based on period-end fair value. No incentive compensation expense was recorded during the year ended December 31, 2015, because it was not probable that the performance criterion would be met.

Note 11—Earnings (Loss) Per Unit

        As discussed in Note 9—Members' Equity , the Company has Tranche A and Tranche C Equity Units. Additionally, the Company's RSUs are classified as Tranche A non-voting units upon vesting. In a distribution of capital in excess of contributed capital, the Company's two types of Equity Units, Tranche A and Tranche C, participate in distributions proportionally based on their respective share of the total number of equity units outstanding. The Tranche C Equity Units receive their contributed capital prior to Tranche A only in a liquidation event. The Company assumes liquidation in excess of capital contributions, thus the Tranche C and A Units are considered in the same class for the purpose of computing earnings (loss) per unit.

        Basic earnings (loss) per unit is computed by dividing income (loss) attributable to unitholders by the weighted average number of units outstanding during each period. Diluted earnings per unit reflects the potential dilutive impact from unvested RSUs. As of December 31, 2015 and 2014, there were 6.3 million and 9.5 million unvested RSUs, respectively. In periods of net loss, as was the case for the year-ended December 31, 2015, potentially dilutive units are excluded from the calculation because they are anti-dilutive.

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 11—Earnings (Loss) Per Unit (Continued)

        The table below sets forth the computations of basic and diluted net income (loss) per unit for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 (in thousands, except per unit data):

 
  For the Years Ended
December 31,
 
 
  2015   2014  

Net income (loss) allocable to Equity Units

  $ (47,264 ) $ 49,842  

Weighted average basic Equity Units outstanding

    277,322     180,429  

Basic income (loss) per Equity Unit

  $ (0.17 ) $ 0.28  

Weighted average diluted Equity Units outstanding

    277,322     189,938  

Diluted income (loss) per Equity Unit(1)

  $ (0.17 ) $ 0.26  

(1)
For the year ended December 31, 2015, the anti-dilutive RSUs were excluded from the if-converted method of calculating diluted earnings per unit.

Note 12—Commitments and Contingencies

Leases

        The Company leases two office spaces in Denver, Colorado, one office space in Greeley, Colorado and one office space in Houston, Texas under separate operating lease agreements. The Denver, Colorado leases expire on February 29, 2020 and May 31, 2026, respectively. The Greeley and Houston leases expire on March 31, 2019 and October 31, 2017, respectively. Total rental commitments under non-cancelable leases for office space were $22.7 million at December 31, 2015. The future minimum lease payments under these non-cancelable leases are as follows: $1.7 million in 2016, $2.5 million in 2017, $2.5 million in 2018, $2.3 million in 2019, $2.1 million in 2020 and $11.6 million thereafter. Rent expense was $1.1 million and $0.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

        On June 4, 2015, the Company subleased the remaining term of one of its Denver office leases that expires February 29, 2020. The sublease will decrease the Company's future lease payments by $0.9 million.

Drilling Rigs

        As of December 31, 2015, the Company was subject to commitments on two drilling rigs. In the event of early termination of these contracts, the Company would be obligated to pay an aggregate amount of approximately $3.0 million as of December 31, 2015, as required under the terms of the contracts. In March 2015, the Company early terminated one of its drilling rig contracts for approximately $1.7 million, which was recorded in the consolidated statements of operations within the other operating expenses line item. In February 2016, the Company provided notice to terminate one of its drilling rigs that was subject to commitment at December 31, 2015. As part of this termination, the Company will be obligated to pay $1.0 million in the second quarter of 2016.

Delivery Commitments

        As of December 31, 2015, the Company had long-term crude oil delivery commitments of 40,000 barrels per day ("Bpd") for a term of ten years and 20,000 Bpd for a term of five years. Both

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 12—Commitments and Contingencies (Continued)

commitments have an expected commencement date of November 30, 2016. The aggregate amount of estimated payments under these agreements was $759.2 million. Neither of these commitments require the Company to deliver oil produced specifically from any of the Company's properties.

        In March 2016, the Company terminated the five year 20,000 Bpd commitment and amended and restated the 40,000 Bpd commitment for new terms including a ten year duration. The commencement date remained unchanged. The Company currently has a fixed monthly delivery commitment of 40,000 Bpd in year one, 52,000 Bpd in year two, and 58,000 Bpd in years three through ten at a price of $3.95 per barrel which is subject to standard FERC escalation rates. The aggregate amount of estimated payments under the new amended and restated agreement is $887.3 million over the ten years.

        None of the Company's reserves are subject to any priorities or curtailments that may affect quantities delivered to its customers. The Company believes that its future production is adequate to meet its commitments. If for some reason the Company's production is not sufficient to satisfy its commitments, the Company expects to be able to purchase volumes in the market or make other arrangements to satisfy its commitments.

General

        The Company is subject to contingent liabilities with respect to existing or potential claims, lawsuits, and other proceedings, including those involving environmental, tax, and other matters, certain of which are discussed more specifically below. The Company accrues liabilities when it is probable that future costs will be incurred and such costs can be reasonably estimated. Such accruals are based on developments to date and the Company's estimates of the outcomes of these matters and its experience in contesting, litigating, and settling other matters. As the scope of the liabilities becomes better defined, there will be changes in the estimates of future costs, which management currently believes will not have a material effect on the Company's financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.

        As is customary in the oil and gas industry, the Company may at times have commitments in place to reserve or earn certain acreage positions or wells. If the Company does not meet such commitments, the acreage positions or wells may be lost or the Company may be required to pay damages if certain performance conditions are not met.

Legal Matters

        In the first quarter of 2016, the Company received two invoices related to a terminated firm natural gas transportation service agreement. The natural gas transportation provider has demanded payment under this terminated agreement. The Company has delivered written notice disputing any and all amounts due related to this terminated agreement. The Company intends to vigorously defend itself against any and all demands, if legal proceedings relating to this matter are initiated; we may incur material legal expenses if this dispute results in litigation. The Company is unable to estimate a reasonable possible loss. In the event there is an adverse outcome, the Company currently estimates that its future loss would range between $0 million to $37.2 million that would be paid over the 10 year term of transportation service agreement.

        In September 2014, the Company was named as a third party defendant in State of Colorado, Acting by and Through the State Board of Land Commissioners v. R.K. Pinson & Associates, LLC, et al. ,

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 12—Commitments and Contingencies (Continued)

Case Number 2014-CV-032148 in the Denver District Court. On July 10, 2015 the State of Colorado, acting by and through its State Board of Land Commissioners (the "State"), R.K. Pinson & Associates ("Pinson"), and the Company reached a Settlement Agreement and Mutual Release. As part of the Settlement and Release, the Company or a wholly-owned subsidiary of Holdings was required to stand behind its original authorized bid of $2,000 per acre at auction, which occurred in August 2015. At the August 2015 auction, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Holdings bid and won the tract of land for $2,000 per acre and has since paid the State approximately $1.3 million for the parcel of land. No punitive fees are to be paid by the Company.

        In the ordinary course of business, the Company may at times be subject to claims and legal actions. Management believes it is remote that the impact of such matters will have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows. Management is unaware of any pending litigation brought against the Company requiring the reserve of a contingent liability as of the date of these financial statements.

Note 13—Related Party Transactions

Payment for Certain Services to a Related Affiliate

        In 2014, the Company entered into an agreement for certain services provided in connection with obtaining debt. A member of our board of managers is an independent contractor for the company that provided these services. The services were completed in 2014 in connection with facilitating the borrowings under the Second Lien Notes. The Company agreed to make aggregate payments of approximately $2.1 million for these services and the amount was recorded in debt issuance costs and will be amortized using the effective interest method. As of December 31, 2015, the entire amount of $2.1 million was paid.

Due to Related Party

        For the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2014, PRL paid for certain general and administrative expenses, which included salary and related benefits, office rent, insurance premiums and other general and administrative costs of $1.1 million and $2.0 million, respectively. The Company repaid $2.9 million during the year ended December 31, 2014 and recorded a payable due to related party in the amounts of $0.2 million at December 31, 2014. The remaining $0.2 million was repaid in April 2015. For the year ended December 31, 2015, PRL did not pay for any of the Company's general and administrative expenses and there was no remaining payable due to related party.

Office Lease with Related Affiliate

        In April 2016, the Company subleased office space to Star Peak Capital, LLC, of which a member of the board of managers is an owner, for $1,400 per month. The sublease is set to commence on May 1, 2016 and expires on February 28, 2020.

Related Party—Note Payable

        In connection with the Reorganization, the balance of Extraction's Related Party—Note Payable, including accrued interest, was converted into equity of $62.4 million in May 2014. Interest expense incurred on the Related Party—Note Payable was $0.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2014.

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 13—Related Party Transactions (Continued)

Convertible Notes

        In April and May 2014, certain members were issued $39.0 million of convertible notes, with an interest rate of 6% per annum. In connection with the Reorganization, Extraction's convertible notes were converted into equity in May 2014. For the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company incurred interest expense of $0.2 million on the convertible notes.

Promissory Notes

        In May 2014, the Company received full recourse promissory notes from two officers under which the Company advanced $5.4 million to the employees to meet their capital contributions. The promissory notes are due on May 29, 2021, or earlier in the event of termination or certain change in control events as stipulated in the individual promissory notes and any distributions of capital contributions are considered mandatory prepayments. The promissory notes have a stated interest rate of LIBOR plus 1% per annum. The promissory notes are recorded as a reduction of members' equity.

Note 14—Supplemental Oil, Natural Gas and NGL Reserve Information (Unaudited)

Oil, Natural Gas and NGL Quantities

        The reserves at December 31, 2015 and 2014 presented below were prepared by the independent engineering firm Ryder Scott Company, L.P. All reserves are located within the DJ Basin. Proved oil, natural gas and NGL reserves are the estimated quantities of oil, natural gas and NGLs which geological and engineering data demonstrate, with reasonable certainty, to be recoverable in future years from known reservoirs under economic and operating conditions (i.e., prices and costs) existing at the time the estimate is made. Proved developed oil, natural gas and NGL reserves are proved reserves that can be expected to be recovered through existing wells and equipment in place and under operating methods being utilized at the time the estimates were made. A variety of methodologies are used to determine our proved reserve estimates. The principal methodologies employed are decline curve analysis, advance production type curve matching, petro physics/log analysis and analogy. Some combination of these methods is used to determine reserve estimates in substantially all of our fields. The Company emphasizes that reserve estimates are inherently imprecise and that estimates of new discoveries and undeveloped locations are more imprecise than estimates of established proved producing oil and gas properties. Accordingly, these estimates are expected to change as future information becomes available.

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 14—Supplemental Oil, Natural Gas and NGL Reserve Information (Unaudited) (Continued)

        The following table sets forth information for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 with respect to changes in the Company's proved (i.e. proved developed and undeveloped) reserves:

 
  Crude Oil
Mbbls
  Natural Gas
MMcf
  NGL
Mbbls
 

December 31, 2013

    123.9     673.0     88.8  

Revisions of previous estimates

    (300.3 )   3,493.9     755.9  

Purchase of reserves

    17,968.1     82,051.7     9,219.1  

Extensions, discoveries, and other additions

    28,395.4     82,861.5     9,712.5  

Sale of reserves

             

Production

    (1,022.2 )   (2,664.0 )   (325.3 )

December 31, 2014

    45,164.9     166,416.1     19,451.0  

Revisions of previous estimates

    (2,961.0 )   (2,825.8 )   2,281.9  

Purchase of reserves

    11,831.7     64,392.7     7,533.3  

Extensions, discoveries, and other additions

    23,098.7     85,781.0     11,663.4  

Sale of reserves

    (1,688.5 )   (10,357.1 )   (1,212.1 )

Production

    (3,945.6 )   (10,823.0 )   (1,334.6 )

December 31, 2015

    71,500.3     292,583.9     38,382.9  

Proved Developed Reserves, included above

                   

Balance as of December 31, 2013

    123.9     673.0     88.8  

Balance as of December 31, 2014

    9,755.6     35,580.1     4,158.8  

Balance as of December 31, 2015

    14,248.6     53,011.7     7,058.3  

Proved Undeveloped Reserves, included above

                   

Balance as of December 31, 2013

             

Balance as of December 31, 2014

    35,409.3     130,836.0     15,292.2  

Balance as of December 31, 2015

    57,251.5     239,572.2     31,324.6  
    The values for the 2015 oil, natural gas and NGL reserves are based on the 12-month arithmetic average of the first day of the month prices for the period from January through December 31, 2015. The unweighted arithmetic average first-day-of-the-month prices for the prior twelve months were $50.28 per barrel (West Texas Intermediate price) for crude oil and NGLs and $2.58 per MMBtu (Henry Hub price) for natural gas. All prices are then further adjusted for transportation, quality and basis differentials. The average resulting price used as of December 31, 2015 was $43.28 per barrel for oil, $2.11 per Mcf for natural gas and $10.65 per barrel for NGLs.

    The values for the 2014 oil, natural gas and NGL reserves are based on the 12 month arithmetic average of the first day of the month prices for the period from January through December 31, 2014. The unweighted arithmetic average first-day-of-month prices for the prior twelve months were $94.99 per barrel (West Texas Intermediate price) for crude oil and NGLs and $4.35 per MMBtu (Henry Hub price) for natural gas. All prices are then further adjusted for transportation, quality and basis differentials. The average resulting price used as of

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 14—Supplemental Oil, Natural Gas and NGL Reserve Information (Unaudited) (Continued)

      December 31, 2014 was $84.99 per barrel for oil, $3.97 per Mcf for natural gas and $28.39 per barrel for NGLs.

        For the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company had downward revisions of previous estimates of 1,150.1 MBOE. As a result of ongoing drilling and completion activities during 2015, the Company reported extensions, discoveries, and other additions of 49,058.9 MBOE. Additionally, during 2015 the Company purchased reserves of 30,097.1 MBOE.

        For the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company had upward revisions of previous estimates of 1,037.9 MBOE. These revisions are primarily the result of well performance exceeding previous estimates. As a result of ongoing drilling and completion activities during 2014, the Company reported extensions, discoveries, and other additions of 51,918.2 MBOE. Additionally, during 2014 the Company purchased reserves of 40,862.5 MBOE.

Standardized Measure of Discounted Future Net Cash Flows Relating to Proved Oil, Natural Gas and NGL Reserves

        The Company follows the guidelines prescribed in ASC Topic 932, Extractive Activities—Oil and Gas for computing a standardized measure of future net cash flows and changes therein relating to estimated proved reserves. The following summarizes the policies used in the preparation of the accompanying oil, natural gas and NGL reserve disclosures, standardized measures of discounted future net cash flows from proved oil, natural gas and NGL reserves and the reconciliations of standardized measures from year to year.

        The information is based on estimates of proved reserves attributable to the Company's interest in oil and gas properties as of December 31 of the years presented. These estimates were prepared by Ryder Scott Company L.P., independent petroleum engineers.

        The standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows from production of proved reserves was developed as follows: (1) Estimates are made of quantities of proved reserves and future periods during which they are expected to be produced based on year-end economic conditions. (2) The estimated future cash flows are compiled by applying the twelve month average of the first of the month prices of crude oil and natural gas relating to the Company's proved reserves to the year-end quantities of those reserves for reserves. (3) The future cash flows are reduced by estimated production costs, costs to develop and produce the proved reserves and abandonment costs, all based on year-end economic conditions, plus Company overhead incurred. (4) Future net cash flows are discounted to present value by applying a discount rate of 10%.

        The assumptions used to compute the standardized measure are those prescribed by the FASB and the SEC. These assumptions do not necessarily reflect the Company's expectations of actual revenues to be derived from those reserves, nor their present value. The limitations inherent in the reserve quantity estimation process, as discussed previously, are equally applicable to the standardized measure computations, since these reserve quantity estimates are the basis for the valuation process. The Company emphasizes that reserve estimates are inherently imprecise and that estimates of new discoveries and undeveloped locations are more imprecise than estimates of established proved producing oil and gas properties. The standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows does not purport, nor should it be interpreted, to present the fair value of the Company's oil and natural gas reserves. An estimate of fair value would also take into account, among other things, the recovery of

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 14—Supplemental Oil, Natural Gas and NGL Reserve Information (Unaudited) (Continued)

reserves not presently classified as proved, anticipated future changes in prices and costs and a discount factor more representative of the time value of money and the risks inherent in reserve estimates.

        The following summary sets forth the Company's future net cash flows relating to proved oil, natural gas and NGL reserves based on the standardized measure prescribed in ASC Topic 932 (in thousands):

 
  For the Years Ended
December 31,
 
 
  2015   2014  

Future crude oil, natural gas and NGL sales

  $ 4,119,888   $ 5,051,640  

Future production costs

    (1,193,560 )   (1,173,237 )

Future development costs

    (1,141,330 )   (1,017,668 )

Future income tax expense

         

Future net cash flows

  $ 1,784,998   $ 2,860,735  

10% annual discount

    (949,115 )   (1,473,263 )

Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows(1)

  $ 835,883   $ 1,387,472  

(1)
The Company's calculations of the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows does not include the effect of estimated future income tax expenses for all years reported as the Company is a limited liability company and not subject to income taxes. For purposes of the standardized measure calculation, it was assumed that all of the Company's operations are attributable to our oil and gas assets.

        The following are the principal sources of change in the standardized measure (in thousands):

 
  For the Years Ended
December 31,
 
 
  2015   2014  

Balance at beginning of period

  $ 1,387,472   $ 7,816  

Sales of crude oil, natural gas and NGL, net

    (150,087 )   (78,030 )

Net change in prices and production costs

    (1,292,364 )   (94,884 )

Net change in future development costs

    175,944     14,149  

Extensions and discoveries

    284,216     787,910  

Acquisitions of reserves

    240,989     666,887  

Sale of reserves

    (50,018 )    

Revisions of previous quantity estimates

    (28,391 )   19,606  

Previously estimated development costs incurred

    102,060     42,100  

Net changes in income taxes

         

Accretion of discount

    156,723     28,995  

Other

    9,339     (7,077 )

Balance at end of period

  $ 835,883   $ 1,387,472  

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LOGO

EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

June 30, 2016 and 2015

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

 
  June 30,
2016
  December 31,
2015
 

ASSETS

             

Current Assets:

             

Cash and cash equivalents

  $ 103,670   $ 97,106  

Accounts receivable

             

Trade

    23,565     27,927  

Oil, natural gas and NGL sales

    21,570     15,938  

Inventory and prepaid expenses

    6,822     7,938  

Commodity derivative asset

    735     68,885  

Total Current Assets

    156,362     217,794  

Property and Equipment (successful efforts method), at cost:

             

Proved oil and gas properties

    1,269,162     1,128,022  

Unproved oil and gas properties

    348,284     374,194  

Wells in progress

    82,958     59,416  

Less: accumulated depletion, depreciation and amortization

    (296,285 )   (181,382 )

Net oil and gas properties

    1,404,119     1,380,250  

Other property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation (Note 2)

    28,947     30,402  

Net Property and Equipment

    1,433,066     1,410,652  

Non-Current Assets:

             

Deferred debt and equity issuance costs

    2,830     942  

Commodity derivative asset

        2,906  

Other non-current assets

    1,528     1,846  

Total Non-Current Assets

    4,358     5,694  

Total Assets

  $ 1,593,786   $ 1,634,140  

LIABILITIES AND MEMBERS' EQUITY

             

Current Liabilities:

             

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

  $ 76,822   $ 111,127  

Revenue payable

    35,329     38,752  

Production taxes payable

    26,973     19,061  

Commodity derivative liability

    24,056      

Accrued interest payable

    146     450  

Asset retirement obligations

    3,754     952  

Total Current Liabilities

    167,080     170,342  

Non-Current Liabilities:

             

Credit facility

    235,000     225,000  

Second Lien Notes, net of unamortized debt discount and debt issuance costs (Note 4)

    414,895     412,790  

Production taxes payable

    13,832     25,275  

Commodity derivative liability

    16,087      

Other non-current liabilities

    3,472     3,086  

Asset retirement obligations

    45,026     43,415  

Total Non-Current Liabilities

    728,312     709,566  

Commitments and Contingencies—Note 11

             

Total Liabilities

    895,392     879,908  

Members' Equity:

             

Preferred tranche C units; unlimited units authorized; 114,168,476 units issued and outstanding

    365,418     250,338  

Tranche A units; unlimited units authorized; 232,516,117 units issued and outstanding

    503,344     501,128  

Retained earnings (deficit)

    (170,368 )   2,766  

Total Members' Equity

    698,394     754,232  

Total Liabilities and Members' Equity

  $ 1,593,786   $ 1,634,140  

   

THE ACCOMPANYING NOTES ARE AN INTEGRAL PART
OF THESE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(In thousands, except per unit data)

(Unaudited)

 
  For the Six Months
Ended June 30,
 
 
  2016   2015  

Revenues:

             

Oil sales

  $ 84,135   $ 77,464  

Natural gas sales

    14,937     10,234  

NGL sales

    11,424     5,084  

Total Revenues

    110,496     92,782  

Operating Expenses:

             

Lease operating expenses

    25,339     11,312  

Production taxes

    10,748     7,924  

Exploration expenses

    8,752     4,852  

Depletion, depreciation, amortization and accretion

    94,638     59,290  

Impairment of long lived assets

    22,884     9,525  

Other operating expenses

    891     1,657  

Acquisition transaction expenses

        6,000  

General and administrative expenses

    15,114     16,870  

Total Operating Expenses

    178,366     117,430  

Operating Loss

    (67,870 )   (24,648 )

Other Income (Expense):

             

Commodity derivative loss

    (78,650 )   (8,407 )

Interest expense

    (26,698 )   (23,668 )

Other income

    84     13  

Other Income (Expense)

    (105,264 )   (32,062 )

Net Loss

  $ (173,134 ) $ (56,710 )

Loss per Unit

             

Basic and diluted

  $ (0.53 ) $ (0.22 )

Weighted Average Units Outstanding

             

Basic and diluted

    323,967     260,209  

Pro Forma Information (unaudited):

             

Net Income (loss)

  $          

Pro forma provision for incomes taxes

             

Pro forma net income (loss)

  $          

Pro forma net income (loss) per common share

             

Basic and diluted

  $          

Weighted average pro forma common share outstanding

             

Basic and diluted

             

   

THE ACCOMPANYING NOTES ARE AN INTEGRAL PART OF
THESE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN MEMBERS' EQUITY

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

 
  Tranche A
Units
  Preferred
Tranche C
Units
  Amount   (Accumulated
Deficit)
Retained
Earnings
  Total
Members'
Equity
 

Balance at January 1, 2015

    227,903       $ 495,158   $ 50,030   $ 545,188  

Units issued

        47,745     155,171         155,171  

Unit issuance costs

            (3,645 )       (3,645 )

Restricted stock units issued

    1,997                  

Unit-based compensation

            3,074         3,074  

Net loss

                (56,710 )   (56,710 )

Balance at June 30, 2015

    229,900     47,745   $ 649,758   $ (6,680 ) $ 643,078  

Balance at January 1, 2016

    231,101     78,444   $ 751,466   $ 2,766   $ 754,232  

Units issued

        35,806     116,370         116,370  

Units repurchased

    (131 )   (82 )   (658 )       (658 )

Unit issuance costs

            (1,022 )       (1,022 )

Restricted stock units issued

    1,547                  

Unit-based compensation

            2,606         2,606  

Net loss

                (173,134 )   (173,134 )

Balance at June 30, 2016

    232,517     114,168   $ 868,762   $ (170,368 ) $ 698,394  

   

THE ACCOMPANYING NOTES ARE AN INTEGRAL PART OF
THESE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

 
  For the
Six Months
Ended June 30,
 
 
  2016   2015  

Cash flows from operating activities:

             

Net loss

  $ (173,134 ) $ (56,710 )

Reconciliation of net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:

             

Depletion, depreciation, amortization and accretion

    94,638     59,290  

Abandonment and impairment of unproved properties

    2,862     4,530  

Impairment of long lived assets

    22,884     9,525  

Acquisition transaction expenses

        6,000  

Amortization of debt issuance costs and debt discount, net

    2,424     1,956  

Deferred rent

    386     56  

Commodity derivatives loss

    78,650     8,407  

Settlements on commodity derivatives

    42,184     26,802  

Premiums paid on commodity derivatives

    (611 )   (2,350 )

Unit-based compensation

    2,606     3,074  

Changes in current assets and liabilities:

             

Accounts receivable—trade

    (1,755 )   (3,472 )

Accounts receivable—oil, natural gas and NGL sales

    (5,632 )   (13,116 )

Prepaid expenses

    (253 )   (202 )

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

    (16,667 )   20,498  

Revenue payable

    (3,423 )   (5,608 )

Production taxes payable

    (3,531 )   4,394  

Accrued interest payable

    (304 )   15  

Asset retirement expenditures

    (146 )   (948 )

Due to related party

        (183 )

Net cash provided by operating activities

    41,178     61,958  

Cash flows from investing activities:

             

Oil and gas property additions

    (159,646 )   (193,419 )

Acquired oil and gas properties

        (120,524 )

Sale of property and equipment

    2,148      

Other property and equipment additions

    (2,582 )   (16,164 )

Cash held in escrow

        10,071  

Net cash used in investing activities

    (160,080 )   (320,036 )

Cash flows from financing activities:

             

Borrowings under credit facility

    10,000     50,000  

Proceeds from the issuance of units

    116,370     155,171  

Repurchase of units

    (658 )    

Debt issuance costs

        (786 )

Unit and deferred equity issuance costs

    (246 )   (3,605 )

Net cash provided by financing activities

    125,466     200,780  

Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

    6,564     (57,298 )

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

    97,106     79,025  

Cash and cash equivalents at end of the period

  $ 103,670   $ 21,727  

Supplemental cash flow information:

             

Property and equipment included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities

  $ 49,674   $ 65,378  

Acquisition transaction expenses paid through oil and gas properties

  $   $ 6,000  

Cash paid for interest

  $ 26,947   $ 24,430  

   

THE ACCOMPANYING NOTES ARE AN INTEGRAL PART OF
THESE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 1—Organization

Description of Operations

        Extraction Oil & Gas Holdings, LLC ("Holdings" or the "Company"), a Delaware limited liability company was formed on May 29, 2014 by PRE Resources, LLC ("PRL") as a holding company with no independent operations apart from its ownership of the subsidiaries described below. PRL was formed in May 2012 to invest in oil and gas properties in Michigan, California, Wyoming, North Dakota and Colorado.

        Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC ("Extraction"), formally a wholly-owned subsidiary of PRL is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Holdings. Extraction was formed on November 14, 2012, as a Delaware limited liability company and is focused on the acquisition, development and production of oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids ("NGL") reserves in the Rocky Mountains, primarily in the Wattenberg Field of the Denver-Julesburg Basin (the "DJ Basin") of Colorado.

        Concurrent with the formation of Holdings, PRL contributed all of its membership interests in Extraction, to Holdings and distributed all of its interests in Holdings to its members in a pro rata distribution (the "Reorganization"). As all power and authority to control the core functions of Holdings and Extraction were controlled by PRL, the Reorganization was accounted for as a reorganization of entities under common control and the assets and liabilities of Extraction were recorded at Extraction's historical costs.

        At the Reorganization, Yorktown Energy Partners ("Yorktown") controlled Holdings through ownership of 76.1% of its membership interests. The remaining 23.9% of Holdings' membership interests was owned by certain members of management and other third-party investors. Immediately after the Reorganization, Holdings completed an offering of its membership units (see Note 8—Members' Equity ). Following the membership offering, Yorktown controlled 51.8% of Holdings through three funds: Yorktown Energy Fund IX, LP, Yorktown Energy Fund X, LP, and Yorktown Extraction Co-Investment Partners, LP. Yorktown Energy Fund XI, LP invested in the April and June 2016 equity offering.

        Subsequent to the membership offering described above, the Company issued additional membership interests (see Note 8—Members' Equity ). As a result, Yorktown owns 52.0% and certain members of management and other third-party investors own 48.0% of Holdings' at June 30, 2016.

        XTR Midstream, LLC ("XTR") is also a wholly-owned subsidiary of Holdings. XTR was formed on September 10, 2014, as a Delaware limited liability company and is designing midstream assets to gather and process crude oil and gas production in the DJ Basin of Colorado.

        7N, LLC ("7N") is also a wholly-owned subsidiary of Holdings. 7N, LLC was formed on September 10, 2014, as a Delaware limited liability company to acquire certain real property and rights-of-way to support the build-out of XTR's gathering and processing system.

        Mountaintop Minerals, LLC ("Mountaintop") is also a wholly-owned subsidiary of Holdings. Mountaintop was formed on March 10, 2015, as a Delaware limited liability company to engage in the acquisition of minerals, primarily in the DJ Basin of Colorado.

        8 North, LLC ("8 North") is also a wholly-owned subsidiary of Holdings. 8 North was formed on April 29, 2015, as a Delaware limited liability company and was assigned certain leases in Boulder and Weld Counties previously owned by Extraction Oil and Gas, LLC. 8 North, LLC was formed to engage

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 1—Organization (Continued)

in the development of oil and gas leases currently categorized as unproved with a specific focus on Northern Colorado.

        XOG Services, LLC ("XOG") is also a wholly-owned subsidiary of Holdings. XOG Services, LLC was formed on November 13, 2015, as a Delaware limited liability company to administer payroll and other general and administrative functions beginning in 2016 for all Holdings' subsidiaries.

        Extraction Finance Corp. is also a wholly-owned subsidiary of Holdings. Extraction Finance Corp. was formed on June 20, 2016, as a Delaware corporation to facilitate in the Company's Senior Notes offering. For additional discussion on the Senior Notes offering please refer to Note 4—Long-Term Debt.

Note 2—Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

        The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, including its wholly-owned subsidiaries, which are collectively referred to as "Holdings" or the "Company". All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The financial statements included herein were prepared from the records of the Company in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States ("GAAP"). In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting primarily of normal recurring accruals that are considered necessary for a fair statement of the consolidated financial information, have been included. However, operating results for the period presented are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for a full year. These unaudited financial statements should be read in conjunction with our audited financial statements and notes for the year ended December 31, 2015.

Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements

        The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of oil and gas reserves, assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Significant areas requiring the use of assumptions, judgments and estimates include (1) oil and gas reserves; (2) cash flow estimates used in impairment testing of oil and gas properties; (3) depreciation, depletion and amortization; (4) asset retirement obligations; (5) assigning fair value and allocating purchase price in connection with business combinations; (6) accrued revenue and related receivables; (7) valuation of commodity derivative instruments; (8) accrued liabilities; and (9) valuation of unit based payments. Although management believes these estimates are reasonable, actual results could differ from these estimates. The Company evaluates its estimates on an on-going basis and bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions the Company believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. Although actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions, the Company believes its estimates are reasonable.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

        Cash and cash equivalents consist of all highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into cash and have original maturities of three months or less when purchased.

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 2—Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)

Accounts Receivable

        The Company records estimated oil and gas revenue receivable from third parties at its net revenue interest. The Company also reflects costs incurred on behalf of joint interest partners in accounts receivable. The Company generally has the ability to withhold future revenue disbursements to recover non-payment of joint interest billings. On an on-going basis, management reviews accounts receivable amounts for collectability and records its allowance for uncollectible receivables under the specific identification method. The Company did not record any allowance for uncollectible receivables for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015.

Credit Risk and Other Concentrations

        The Company's cash and cash equivalents are exposed to concentrations of credit risk. The Company manages and controls this risk by investing these funds with major financial institutions. The Company often has balances in excess of the federally insured limits.

        The Company sells oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids to various types of customers, including pipelines and refineries. Credit is extended based on an evaluation of the customer's financial conditions and historical payment record. The future availability of a ready market for oil, natural gas and NGL depends on numerous factors outside the Company's control, none of which can be predicted with certainty. For the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, the Company had the following major customers that exceeded 10% of total oil, natural gas and NGL revenues. The Company does not believe the loss of any single purchaser would materially impact its operating results because crude oil, natural gas and NGLs are fungible products with well-established markets and numerous purchasers.

 
  For the Six
Months Ended
June 30,
 
 
  2016   2015  

Customer A

    39 %   20 %

Customer B

    27 %   16 %

Customer C

    16 %   13 %

Customer D

    4 %   36 %

        At June 30, 2016, the Company had commodity derivative contracts with six counterparties. The Company does not require collateral or other security from counterparties to support derivative instruments; however, to minimize the credit risk in derivative instruments, it is the Company's policy to enter into derivative contracts only with counterparties that are credit worthy financial institutions deemed by management as competent and competitive market-makers. Additionally, the Company uses master netting agreements to minimize credit-risk exposure. The credit worthiness of the Company's counterparties is subject to periodic review. Three of the six counterparties to the derivative instruments are highly rated entities with corporate ratings at A3 classifications or above by Moody's. The other three counterparties had a corporate rating of Baa1 by Moody's. For the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, the Company did not incur any losses with respect to counterparty contracts. None of the Company's existing derivative instrument contracts contains credit-risk related contingent features.

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 2—Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)

Inventory and Prepaid Expenses

        The Company records well equipment inventory at the lower of cost or market value. Prepaid expenses are recorded at cost. Inventory and prepaid expenses are comprised of the following (in thousands):

 
  June 30,
2016
  December 31,
2015
 

Well equipment inventory

  $ 4,835   $ 6,238  

Prepaid expenses

    1,987     1,700  

  $ 6,822   $ 7,938  

Oil and Gas Properties

        The Company follows the successful efforts method of accounting for oil and gas properties. Under this method of accounting, all property acquisition costs and development costs are capitalized when incurred and depleted on a units-of-production basis over the remaining life of proved reserves and proved developed reserves, respectively. At June 30, 2016 and 2015, the Company excluded $83.0 million and $57.1 million of capitalized costs from depletion related to wells in progress, respectively. Depletion expense on capitalized oil and gas properties was $90.8 million and $57.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

        The costs of exploratory wells are initially capitalized pending a determination of whether proved reserves have been found. At the completion of drilling activities, the costs of exploratory wells remain capitalized if a determination is made that proved reserves have been found. If no proved reserves have been found, the costs of exploratory wells are charged to expense. In some cases, a determination of proved reserves cannot be made at the completion of drilling, requiring additional testing and evaluation of the wells. Costs incurred for exploratory wells that find reserves that cannot yet be classified as proved are capitalized if (a) the well has found a sufficient quantity of reserves to justify its completion as a producing well and (b) sufficient progress in assessing the reserves and the economic and operating viability of the project has been made. The status of suspended well costs is monitored continuously and reviewed at each period end. Due to the capital-intensive nature and the geological characteristics of certain projects, it may take an extended period of time to evaluate the future potential of an exploration project and the economics associated with making a determination of its commercial viability. As of December 31, 2015, the Company had approximately $17.3 million in suspended well costs recorded, all capitalized less than one year, related to four exploratory wells. The suspended well costs were included in wells in progress at December 31, 2015. These exploratory well costs were pending further engineering evaluation and analysis to determine if economic quantities of oil and gas reserves have been discovered. As of June 30, 2016, the Company completed its evaluation and moved $21.8 million to proved oil and gas properties based on the determination of proved reserves. As of June 30, 2016, the Company did not have any suspended well costs as the analysis on economic and operating viability of the project was completed.

        Geological and geophysical costs are expensed as incurred. Costs of seismic studies that are utilized in development drilling within an area of proved reserves are capitalized as development costs. Amounts of seismic costs capitalized are based on only those blocks of data used in determining

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 2—Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)

development well locations. To the extent that a seismic project covers areas of both developmental and exploratory drilling, those seismic costs are proportionately allocated between development costs and exploration expense.

        The Company capitalizes interest, if debt is outstanding, during drilling operations in its exploration and development activities. For the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, the Company capitalized interest of approximately $2.4 million and $2.7 million, respectively.

Impairment of Oil and Gas Properties

        Proved oil and gas properties are reviewed for impairment annually or when events and circumstances indicate a possible decline in the recoverability of the carrying amount of such property. For each of our fields, the Company estimates the expected future cash flows of its oil and gas properties and compares these undiscounted cash flows to the carrying amount of the oil and gas properties to determine if the carrying amount is recoverable. If the carrying amount exceeds the estimated undiscounted future cash flows, the Company will write down the carrying amount of the oil and gas properties to fair value. The factors used to determine fair value include, but are not limited to, estimates of reserves, future commodity prices, future production estimates, estimated future capital expenditures and discount rates commensurate with the risk associated with realizing the projected cash flows. Impairment expense for proved oil and gas properties is reported in impairment of long lived assets in the consolidated statements of operations. The Company recognized $22.5 million and $9.5 million in impairment expense on proved oil and gas properties for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The impairment expense for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 is related to impairment of the assets in the Company's Northern field. The future undiscounted cash flows did not exceed its carrying amount associated with its proved oil and gas properties in its Northern field and it was determined that the proved oil and gas properties had no remaining fair value. Therefore, the full net book value of these proved oil and gas properties were impaired at June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

        Unproved oil and gas properties consist of costs to acquire unevaluated leases as well as costs to acquire unproved reserves. The Company evaluates significant unproved oil and gas properties for impairment based on remaining lease term, drilling results, reservoir performance, seismic interpretation or future plans to develop acreage. When successful wells are drilled on undeveloped leaseholds, unproved property costs are reclassified to proved properties and depleted on a unit-of-production basis. Impairment expense for unproved properties is reported in exploration expenses in the consolidated statements of operations. The Company recognized $2.9 million and $4.5 million in impairment expense for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, attributable to the abandonment and impairment of unproved properties.

Other Property and Equipment

        Other property and equipment consists of (i) XTR assets such as rights of way, pipelines, equipment and engineering costs, (ii) compressors used in Extraction's oil and gas operations, (iii) land to be used in the future development of the Company's gas plant, compressor stations, central tank batteries, and disposal well facilities and (iv) other property and equipment including, office furniture and fixtures, leasehold improvements and computer hardware and software. Impairment expense for other property and equipment is reported in impairment of long lived assets in the consolidated

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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 2—Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)

statements of operations. The company recognized $0.4 million in impairment expense related to midstream facilities for the six months ended June 30, 2016, which increased accumulated depreciation. The Company recognized this impairment expense as the result of contraction in the local oil and gas industry's near term growth profile, therefore decreasing the need and support for a specifically proposed gas processing facility. No impairment expense was recorded for the six months ended June 30, 2015. Other property and equipment is recorded at cost and depreciated using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives ranging from three to 25 years. Other property and equipment is comprised of the following (in thousands):

 
  June 30,
2016
  December 31,
2015
 

Rental equipment

  $ 2,910   $ 2,910  

Land

    12,978     14,778  

Midstream facilities

    12,076     10,783  

Office leasehold improvements

    4,237     3,967  

Other

    4,506     4,073  

Less: accumulated depreciation

    (7,760 )   (6,109 )

  $ 28,947   $ 30,402  

Deferred Lease Incentives

        All incentives received from landlords for office leasehold improvements are recorded as deferred lease incentives and amortized over the term of the respective lease on a straight-line basis as a reduction of rental expense.

Debt Discount Costs

        The $430.0 million in Second Lien Notes at June 30, 2016 were issued at a 1.5% original issue discount ("OID") and the debt discount of $6.5 million has been recorded as a reduction of the Second Lien Notes. The debt discount costs related to Second Lien Notes are amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method over the term of the debt.

Debt Issuance Costs

        Debt issuance costs include origination, legal, engineering, and other fees incurred to issue the debt in connection with the Company's credit facility and Second Lien Notes. Debt issuance costs related to the credit facility are amortized to interest expense on a straight-line basis over the respective borrowing term. Debt issuance costs related to the Second Lien Notes are amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method over the term of the debt.

Deferred Debt and Equity Issuance Costs

        In July of 2016, the company completed its Senior Notes offering. At June 30, 2016, the costs incurred associated with the Senior Notes are capitalized as deferred debt issuance costs. Upon completion of the offering, these costs will be offset against the principal balance of the Senior Notes and will be amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method over the term of the debt.

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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 2—Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)

        In conjunction with a possible initial public offering ("IPO") of a subsidiary of the Company, costs incurred related to the IPO are capitalized as deferred equity issuance costs until the common shares are issued or the potential offering is terminated. Upon issuance of common shares, these costs will be offset against the proceeds received; or if the IPO does not occur, they will be expensed. Offering costs include direct and incremental costs related to the offering such as legal fees and related costs associated with the subsidiary's proposed IPO.

Commodity Derivative Instruments

        The Company has entered into commodity derivative instruments to reduce the effect of price changes on a portion of the Company's future oil and natural gas production. The commodity derivative instruments are measured at fair value and are included in the accompanying balance sheets as commodity derivative assets and commodity derivative liabilities. The Company has not designated any of the derivative contracts as fair value or cash flow hedges. Therefore, the Company does not apply hedge accounting to the commodity derivative instruments. Net gains and losses on commodity derivative instruments are recorded based on the changes in the fair values of the derivative instruments. Net gains and losses on commodity derivative instruments are recorded in the commodity derivative gain (loss) line on the consolidated statements of operations. The Company's cash flow is only impacted when the actual settlements under the commodity derivative contracts result in making or receiving a payment to or from the counterparty. These settlements under the commodity derivative contracts are reflected as operating activities in the Company's consolidated statements of cash flows.

        The Company's valuation estimate takes into consideration the counterparties' credit worthiness, the Company's credit worthiness, and the time value of money. The consideration of these factors result in an estimated exit-price for each derivative asset or liability under a market place participant's view. Management believes that this approach provides a reasonable, non-biased, verifiable, and consistent methodology for valuing commodity derivative instruments. Please refer to Note 5—Commodity Derivative Instruments for additional discussion on commodity derivative instruments.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

        The Company's financial instruments consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, commodity derivative instruments (discussed above) and long-term debt. The carrying values of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable are representative of their fair values due to their short-term maturities. The carrying amount of the Company's credit facility approximates fair value as it bears interest at variable rates over the term of the loan. The Company's Second Lien Notes are recorded at cost and the fair value is disclosed in Note 7—Fair Value Measurements . Considerable judgment is required to develop estimates of fair value. The estimates provided are not necessarily indicative of the amounts the Company would realize upon the sale or refinancing of such instruments.

Asset Retirement Obligation

        The Company recognizes estimated liabilities for future costs associated with the abandonment of its oil and gas properties. A liability for the fair value of an asset retirement obligation and corresponding increase to the carrying value of the related long-lived asset are recorded at the time the

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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 2—Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)

Company makes the decision to complete the well or a well is acquired. For additional discussion on asset retirement obligations please refer to Note 6—Asset Retirement Obligations.

Environmental Liabilities

        The Company is subject to federal, state and local environmental laws and regulations. These laws regulate the discharge of materials into the environment and may require the Company to remove or mitigate the environmental effects of the disposal or release of petroleum substances at various sites. Environmental expenditures are expensed or capitalized depending on their future economic benefit. Expenditures that relate to an existing condition caused by past operations and that have no future economic benefit are expensed.

        Liabilities for expenditures of a non-capital nature are recorded when environmental assessments and/or remediation is probable, and the costs can be reasonably estimated. Such liabilities are generally undiscounted values unless the timing of cash payments for the liability or component is fixed or determinable. Management has determined that no environmental liabilities existed as of June 30, 2016.

Revenue Recognition

        Revenues from the sale of oil, natural gas and NGLs are recognized when the product is delivered at a fixed or determinable price, title has transferred, and collectability is reasonably assured and evidenced by a contract. The Company recognizes revenues from the sale of oil, natural gas and NGLs using the sales method of accounting, whereby revenue is recorded based on the Company's share of volume sold, regardless of whether the Company has taken its proportional share of volume produced. A receivable or liability is recognized only to the extent that the Company has an imbalance on a specific property greater than the expected remaining proved reserves. There were no material imbalances at June 30, 2016 and June 30, 2015.

Unit-Based Payments

        The Company has granted restricted stock units ("RSUs") to certain employees and nonemployee consultants of the Company, which therefore required the Company to recognize the expense in its financial statements. All unit-based payments to employees are measured at fair value on the grant date and expensed over the relevant service period. Unit-based payments to nonemployees are measured at fair value at each financial reporting date and expensed over the period of performance, such that aggregate expense recognized is equal to the fair value of the restricted stock units on the date performance is completed. All unit-based payment expense is recognized using the straight-line method and is included within general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations. Please refer to Note 9—Unit-Based Compensation for additional discussion on unit-based payments.

Income Taxes

        The Company is organized as a Delaware limited liability company and is treated as a flow-through entity for U.S. federal and state income tax purposes. As a result, the Company's net taxable income and any related tax credits are passed through to the members and are included in their tax returns even though such net taxable income or tax credits may not have actually been distributed.

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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 2—Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)

Unaudited Pro Forma Income Taxes

        These financial statements have been prepared in anticipation of a proposed initial public offering (the "Offering") of the common stock of Extraction Oil & Gas, Inc. In connection with the Offering, the Company will merge into Extraction Oil and Gas, LLC, and Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC will convert from a Delaware limited liability company into a Delaware corporation, which will be taxed as a corporation under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. Accordingly, a pro forma income tax provision has been disclosed as if the Company was a taxable corporation for all periods presented. The Company has computed pro forma entity-level income tax expense using an estimated effective rate of        %, inclusive of all applicable U.S. federal, state and local income taxes.

Unaudited Pro Forma Earnings Per Share

        The Company has presented pro forma earnings per share for the most recent period. Pro forma basic and diluted income per share was computed by dividing pro forma net income attributable to the Company by the number of shares of common stock attributable to the Company to be issued in the initial public offering described in the registration statement, as if such shares were issued and outstanding for the period ended June 30, 2016.

Segment Reporting

        The Company operates in only one industry segment which is the exploration and production of oil, natural gas and NGLs and related midstream activities. The Company's wholly-owned subsidiary, XTR, is currently in the design phase and no revenue generating activities have commenced. All of the Company's operations are conducted in one geographic area of the United States. All revenues are derived from customers located in the United States.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

        The accounting standard-setting organizations frequently issue new or revised accounting rules. The Company regularly reviews new pronouncements to determine their impact, if any, on its financial statements.

        In March 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2016-09, which simplifies the accounting for share-based payment award transactions, including: (a) income tax consequences; (b) classification of awards as either equity or liabilities; and (c) classification on the consolidated statements of cash flows. ASU 2016-09 is effective for public companies for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within those fiscal years. For non-public companies, ASU 2016-09 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted in any interim period or annual period with any adjustment reflected as of the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption. The Company is currently evaluating this new standard to determine the potential impact to its financial statements and related disclosures.

        In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-06, which clarifies the requirements to assess whether an embedded put or call option is clearly and closely related to the debt host, solely in accordance with the four-step decision sequence in FASB ASC Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging , as

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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 2—Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)

amended by ASU 2016-06. This standard is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2016 and should be applied using a modified retrospective approach. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting ASU 2016-06, however the standard is not expected to have a significant effect on its consolidated financial statements.

        In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, which requires lessee recognition on the balance sheet of a right-of-use asset and a lease liability, initially measured at the present value of the lease payments. It further requires recognition in the income statement of a single lease cost, calculated so that the cost of the lease is allocated over the lease term on a generally straight-line basis. Finally, it requires classification of all cash payments within operating activities in the statements of cash flows. It is effective for fiscal years commencing after December 15, 2018 and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact this new standard will have on its financial statements.

        In September 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-16. This ASU eliminates the requirement to retrospectively apply measurement-period adjustments made to provisional amounts recognized in a business combination. The accounting update also requires an entity to present separately on the face of the income statement, or disclose in the notes, the portion of the amount recorded in current-period earnings, by line item, that would have been recorded in previous reporting periods if the adjustment to the estimated amounts had been recognized as of the acquisition date. ASU 2015-16 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2015. This standard should be applied prospectively, and early adoption is permitted. The Company elected for early adoption for its year end December 31, 2015 financial statements. The adoption of this standard did not have a significant impact on the Company's financial statements.

        In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-11, which updates the authoritative guidance for inventory, specifically that inventory should be valued at each reporting period at the lower of cost or net realizable value. This guidance is effective for the annual period beginning after December 15, 2016; early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this new standard; however, the Company does not expect adoption to have a material impact on its financial statements.

        In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-03, with an objective to simplify the presentation of debt issuance costs in financial statements by presenting such costs in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the related debt liability rather than as an asset. Effective January 1, 2016, the Company adopted ASU No. 2015-03 on a retrospective basis. FASB ASU No. 2015-03 should be applied retrospectively and represent a change in accounting principle.

        In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-15, which amends ASU 2015-03 which had not addressed the balance sheet presentation of debt issuance costs incurred in connection with line-of-credit arrangements. Under ASU 2015-15, a Company may defer debt issuance costs associated with line-of-credit arrangements and present such costs as an asset, subsequently amortizing the deferred debt issuance costs ratably over the term of the line-of-credit arrangement, regardless of whether there are any outstanding borrowings. ASU 2015-15 is consistent with how the Company currently accounts for debt issuance costs related to the Company's credit facility.

        In November 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-16, which updates authoritative guidance for derivatives and hedging instruments, specifically in determining whether the host contract in a hybrid

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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 2—Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)

financial instrument issued in the form of a share is more akin to debt or to equity. This guidance is effective for the annual period beginning after December 15, 2015; early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this new standard; however, the Company does not expect adoption to have a material impact on its financial statements.

        In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-15, with an objective to provide guidance on management's responsibility to evaluate whether there is substantial doubt about a company's ability to continue as a going concern and to provide related footnote disclosures. ASU 2014-15 is effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2016, and annual and interim periods thereafter. This standard is not expected to have an impact on the Company's financial statements.

        In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, which establishes a comprehensive new revenue recognition model designed to depict the transfer of goods or services to a customer in an amount that reflects the consideration the entity expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. The ASU allows for the use of either the full or modified retrospective transition method. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-14, which deferred ASU No. 2014-09 for one year, and is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim reporting periods within that reporting period. Earlier application is permitted only as of reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this new standard on its financial statements, as well as which transition method the Company intends to use.

        There are no other accounting standards applicable to the Company that have been issued but not yet adopted by the Company as of June 30, 2016, and through the date the financial statements were available to be issued that would materially have an impact on the Company's financial statements.

Subsequent Events

        These financial statements considered subsequent events through August 19, 2016, the date the financial statements were available to be issued.

Note 3—Acquisitions

March 2015 Acquisition

        On March 10, 2015, the Company acquired an unaffiliated oil and gas company's interests in approximately 39,000 net acres of leasehold, and related producing properties located primarily in Adams, Broomfield, Boulder and Weld Counties, Colorado, along with various other related rights, permits, contracts, equipment, rights of way, gathering systems and other assets (the "March 2015 Acquisition"). The seller received aggregate consideration of approximately $120.5 million in cash. The effective date for the acquisition was January 1, 2014, with purchase price adjustments calculated as of the closing date on March 10, 2015. The acquisition provided new development opportunities in the DJ Basin as well as additions adjacent to the Company's core project area and the acquired producing properties contributed revenue of $4.7 million and $4.0 million to the Company for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The Company determined that it is not practical to calculate net income associated with March 2015 Acquisition. The Company incurred $0.5 million of transaction costs related to the acquisition for the six months ended June 30, 2015. No transaction costs related to the acquisition were incurred for the six months ended June 30, 2016. These transaction costs are recorded in the consolidated statements of operations within the general and administrative

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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 3—Acquisitions (Continued)

expense line item. Additionally, the Company incurred $6.0 million of non-cash transaction costs associated with a finder's fee to an unaffiliated third-party. The Company assigned an over-riding royalty interest in the proved and unproved oil and gas properties acquired in the March 2015 Acquisition, which had a fair value of $6.0 million on the measurement date. These transaction costs are recorded in the consolidated statements of operations within the acquisition transaction expense line item.

        The acquisition is accounted for using the acquisition method under ASC 805, Business Combinations , which requires the acquired assets and liabilities to be recorded at fair value as of the acquisition date of March 10, 2015. In November 2015, the Company completed the transaction's post-closing settlement. The following table summarizes the purchase price and the final allocation of the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed (in thousands):

Purchase Price
  March 10, 2015  

Consideration given

       

Cash

  $ 120,524  

Total consideration given

  $ 120,524  

Allocation of Purchase Price

       

Proved oil and gas properties

  $ 80,952  

Unproved oil and gas properties

    69,450  

Total fair value of oil and gas properties acquired

    150,402  

Working capital

 
$

(1,996

)

Asset retirement obligations

    (27,882 )

Fair value of net assets acquired

  $ 120,524  

Working capital acquired was estimated as follows:

       

Accounts receivable

  $ 462  

Revenue payable

    (718 )

Production taxes payable

    (1,740 )

Total working capital

  $ (1,996 )

Proposed August 2016 Acquisition

        On July 22, 2016, the Company entered into a definitive agreement with an unaffiliated oil and gas company and certain of its affiliates interests in approximately 1,300 net acres of leasehold located primarily in Weld County, Colorado (the "Proposed August 2016 Acquisition"). Upon closing the seller will receive total consideration of $16.9 million in cash, subject to customary purchase price adjustments. The effective date for the Proposed August 2016 Acquisition is August 31, 2016 with purchase price adjustments calculated as of the closing date, which is scheduled for the end of August 2016. The acquisition would provide new development opportunities in the DJ Basin. The Company also made a $1.7 million deposit on July 22, 2016 in conjunction with Proposed August 2016 Acquisition.

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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 3—Acquisitions (Continued)

Proposed September 2016 Acquisition

        On July 29, 2016, the Company entered into a definitive agreement with an unaffiliated oil and gas company and certain of its affiliates interests in approximately 6,100 net acres of leasehold, and related producing and non-producing properties located primarily in Weld County, Colorado, along with various other related rights, permits, contracts, equipment, rights of way, gathering systems and other assets (the "Proposed September 2016 Acquisition"). Upon closing the seller will receive total consideration of $420.0 million in cash, subject to customary purchase price adjustments. The effective date for the Proposed September 2016 Acquisition is July 1, 2016, with purchase price adjustments calculated as of the closing date, which is scheduled for September 29, 2016. The acquisition would provide new development opportunities in the DJ Basin as well as increase the Company's existing working interest as the majority of the locations are located on acreage in which the Company already owns a majority working interest and operates. The Company also made a $42.0 million deposit on July, 29, 2016 in conjunction with Proposed September 2016 Acquisition.

Option to Acquire Additional Assets from Proposed September 2016 Acquisition

        If the Company consummates the Proposed September 2016 Acquisition, the Company will be required to make a $10.0 million non-refundable payment for an option to purchase additional assets from the seller of the Proposed September 2016 Acquisition (the "Additional Assets") for an additional $190.0 million, for a total purchase price for the Additional Assets of $200.0 million. The option may be exercised at any time until March 31, 2017. If the Company does not exercise the option to acquire the Additional Assets, the seller will have the right until April 30, 2017 to elect to sell those assets to the Company for an additional $120.0 million, for a total purchase price for the Additional Assets of $130.0 million. The Additional Assets include approximately 9,100 net acres of leasehold and related producing and non-producing properties located primarily in Weld, and to a lesser extent Adams and Arapahoe Counties, Colorado, along with various other related rights, permits, contracts, equipment, rights of way, gathering systems and other assets. The Additional Assets would provide new development opportunities in the DJ Basin.

Pro Forma Financial Information

        For the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, the following pro forma financial information represents the combined results for the Company and the properties acquired in the March 2015 Acquisition as if the acquisition and related financing had occurred on January 1, 2015. For purposes of the pro forma it was assumed that the Company issued equity to finance the March 2015 Acquisition. The pro forma information includes the effects of adjustments for depletion, depreciation, amortization and accretion expense of $1.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2015. The pro forma information includes the effects of a decrease in non-recurring transaction costs that are included in general and administrative expenses and acquisition transaction expenses of $6.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2015.

        The following pro forma results (in thousands) do not include any cost savings or other synergies that may result from the acquisition or any estimated costs that have been or will be incurred by the Company to integrate the properties acquired. The pro forma results are not necessarily indicative of

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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 3—Acquisitions (Continued)

what actually would have occurred if the acquisition had been completed as of the beginning of the period, nor are they necessarily indicative of future results.

 
  For the Six Months
Ended June 30,
 
 
  2016   2015  

Revenues

  $ 110,496   $ 94,778  

Operating expenses

  $ 178,366   $ 114,236  

Net loss

  $ (173,134 ) $ (51,520 )

Loss per unit

             

Basic and diluted

  $ (0.53 ) $ (0.20 )

Note 4—Long-Term Debt

        As of the dates indicated the Company's long-term debt consisted of the following (in thousands):

 
  June 30,
2016
  December 31,
2015
 

Credit facility due November 29, 2018

  $ 235,000   $ 225,000  

Second Lien Notes due May 29, 2019

    430,000     430,000  

Unamortized debt discount and debt issuance costs on Second Lien Notes

    (15,105 )   (17,210 )

Total long-term debt

    649,895     637,790  

Less: current portion of long-term debt

         

Total long-term debt, net of current portion

  $ 649,895   $ 637,790  

Credit Facility

        Extraction Oil & Gas Holdings, LLC (the "Borrower"), on September 4, 2014 entered into a $500.0 million credit facility with a syndicate of banks, which is subject to a borrowing base. The credit facility matures on November 29, 2018. As of June 30, 2016, the credit facility was subject to a borrowing base of $285.0 million. As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Company had outstanding borrowings of $235.0 million and $225.0 million, respectively. As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Company had standby letters of credit of $0.6 million and $0.7 million, respectively. At June 30, 2016, the available credit under the credit facility was $49.4 million.

        Redetermination of the borrowing base occurred initially quarterly (on February 1, 2015, May 1, 2015, August 1, 2015, November 1, 2015 and February 1, 2016) and semiannually thereafter on May 1 and November 1. Additionally, the Company and the Administrative Agent may each elect a redetermination of the borrowing base between any two scheduled redeterminations. In conjunction with the Company's May 1, 2016 scheduled semiannual borrowing base redetermination, the Company's borrowing base was reaffirmed at $285.0 million.

        In connection with the Company's issuance of Senior Notes in July 2016 (as discussed below), the borrowing base was reduced to $255.0 million. At the closing of the Senior Notes, the Company made

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Note 4—Long-Term Debt (Continued)

a payment of $131.0 million towards the credit facility. In July 2016, the Company also borrowed $50.0 million on the credit facility.

        Interest on the credit facility is payable at one of the following two variable rates as selected by the Company: a base rate based on the Prime Rate or the Eurodollar rate, based on LIBOR. Either rate is adjusted upward by an applicable margin, based on the utilization percentage of the facility as outlined in the Pricing Grid. Additionally, the credit facility provides for a commitment fee of 0.375% to 0.50%, depending on borrowing base usage. The grid below shows the Base Rate Margin and Eurodollar Margin depending on the applicable Borrowing Base Utilization Percentage (as defined in the credit facility) as of the date of this filing:


Borrowing Base Utilization Grid

Borrowing Base Utilization Percentage
  Utilization   LIBOR
Margin
  Base Rate
Margin
  Commitment
Fee
 

Level 1

  < 25%     1.75 %   0.75 %   0.375 %

Level 2

  ³ 25.0% < 50%     2.00 %   1.00 %   0.375 %

Level 3

  ³ 50% < 75%     2.25 %   1.25 %   0.500 %

Level 4

  ³ 75% < 90%     2.50 %   1.50 %   0.500 %

Level 5

  ³ 90%     2.75 %   1.75 %   0.500 %

        The credit facility contains representations, warranties, covenants, conditions and defaults customary for transactions of this type, including but not limited to: (i) limitations on liens and incurrence of debt covenants; (ii) limitations on dividends, distributions, redemptions and restricted payments covenants; (iii) limitations on investments, loans and advances covenants; and (iv) limitations on the sale of property, mergers, consolidations and other similar transactions covenants. Additionally, the credit facility limits the Company from hedging in excess of 85% of its anticipated production volumes.

        The credit facility also contains financial covenants requiring the Borrower to comply with a current ratio of consolidated current assets (including unused borrowing capacity and excluding the fair value of commodity derivatives) to consolidated current liabilities of not less than 1.0:1.0 and to maintain, on the last day of each quarter, a ratio of total net debt (total debt less cash and cash equivalents) to EBITDAX (EBITDAX is defined as net income adjusted for certain cash and non-cash items including depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion, exploration expense, gains/losses on derivative instruments, amortization of certain debt issuance costs, non-cash compensation expense, interest expense and prepayment premiums on extinguishment of debt) of not greater than 4.0:1.0. For the quarter ended March 31, 2016 and thereafter EBITDAX is based on the last four quarters then ended. The Company was in compliance with all financial covenants under the credit facility as of June 30, 2016.

        Any borrowings under the credit facility are collateralized by the Borrower's oil and gas producing properties, the Borrower's personal property and the equity interests of the Borrower. Holdings has entered into oil and natural gas hedging transactions with several counterparties that are also lenders under the credit facility. The Company's obligations under these hedging contracts are secured by the credit facility.

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 4—Long-Term Debt (Continued)

Second Lien Notes

        On May 29, 2014, the Company entered in to a 5-year, $430.0 million term loan facility with a syndicate of lenders. The facility matures on May 29, 2019. As of June 30, 2016, the Company had drawn the full $430.0 million under the Second Lien Notes and no further commitments remained. The loan was drawn in four tranches: $230.0 million in May 2014 that bears an interest rate of 11.0%, $75.0 million in July 2014 that bears an interest rate of 11.0%; $75.0 million in August 2014 that bears an interest rate of 10.0%, and $50.0 million in October 2014 that bears an interest rate of 10.0%. The interest rates are fixed and interest is payable semi-annually.

        Several lenders of Second Lien Notes are also members of Holdings. Of the $430.0 million outstanding on the Second Lien Notes, members held approximately $311.7 million.

        The Second Lien Notes contain varying prepayment premiums if they are redeemed prior to three years from May 29, 2014. If the Company were to redeem the Notes after the second anniversary but prior to the third anniversary (after May 29, 2016 and prior to May 29, 2017), the Company would be required to pay a premium to the face value of the notes equal to $4.3 million. If the Company were to redeem the Notes after the third anniversary (after May 29, 2017), no prepayment premium would apply.

        The Second Lien Notes contains representations, warranties, covenants, conditions and defaults customary for transactions of this type, including but not limited to: (i) limitations on liens and incurrence of debt covenants; (ii) limitations on dividends, distributions, redemptions and restricted payments covenants; (iii) limitations on investments, loans and advances covenants; and (iv) limitations on the sale of property, mergers, consolidations and other similar transactions covenants.

        The Second Lien Notes also contain a debt incurrence covenant requiring the Borrower to comply with a ratio of total proved reserve value to pro-forma total debt of not less than 1.25:1.00 in order to incur additional debt under the Second Lien Notes. The Company was in compliance with all financial covenants under the Second Lien Notes as of June 30, 2016.

        In July 2016, the Second Lien Notes were repaid and terminated in conjunction with the Senior Notes offering. The Company used the proceeds from the Senior Notes (as discussed below) to repay the outstanding $430.0 million of principal and the $4.3 million prepayment penalty. The prepayment penalty will be recorded in the third quarter of 2016. Additionally, in the third quarter of 2016, the Company will expense approximately $15.1 million of unamortized debt discount and debt issuance costs that were related to the Second Lien Notes.

Senior Notes

        In July 2016, the Company issued at par $550.0 million principal amount of 7.875% Senior Notes due July 15, 2021 The 2021 Notes bear an annual interest rate of 7.875%. The interest on the Senior Notes is payable on January 15 and July 15 of each year commencing on January 15, 2017. The Company received net proceeds of approximately $537.5 million after deducting discounts and fees. All of the net proceeds from the Senior Notes were used to repay all of the outstanding borrowings and related premium, fees and expenses on the Second Lien Notes (which were terminated concurrently with such repayment), and the remaining proceeds were used to repay borrowings under the credit facility and for general business purposes.

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 4—Long-Term Debt (Continued)

        Several lenders of Senior Notes are also members of Holdings. Of the $550.0 million principal amount on the Senior Notes, members hold approximately $168.5 million.

Debt Discount Costs on Second Lien Notes

        As of June 30, 2016, the Company had a debt discount from the OID on its Second Lien Notes of $6.5 million. For the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, the Company recorded amortization expense related to the debt discount of $0.6 million and $0.5 million, respectively.

Debt Issuance Costs

        As of June 30, 2016, the Company had debt issuance costs of $2.5 million related to its credit facility which has been reflected on the Company's balance sheet within the line item other non-current assets. As of June 30, 2016, the Company had debt issuance costs of $16.3 million related to its Second Lien Notes which has also been reflected on the Company's balance sheet within the line item Second Lien Notes, net of unamortized debt discount and debt issuance costs. Debt issuance costs include origination, legal, engineering, and other fees incurred in connection with the Company's credit facility and Second Lien Notes. For the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, the Company recorded amortization expense related to the debt issuance costs of $1.8 million and $1.4 million, respectively. As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Company had accumulated amortization associated with its debt issuance costs on its credit facility and Second Lien Notes of $6.5 million and $4.6 million, respectively.

Interest Incurred On Long-Term Debt

        For the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, the Company incurred interest expense on long-term debt of $26.6 million and $24.4 million, respectively, and capitalized interest expense of $2.4 million and $2.7 million, respectively, which has been reflected in the Company's financial statements.

Note 5—Commodity Derivative Instruments

        The Company has entered into commodity derivative instruments, as described below. The Company has utilized swaps, put options, and call options to reduce the effect of price changes on a portion of the Company's future oil and natural gas production.

        A swap has an established fixed price. When the settlement price is below the fixed price, the counterparty pays the Company an amount equal to the difference between the settlement price and the fixed price multiplied by the hedged contract volume. When the settlement price is above the fixed price, the Company pays its counterparty an amount equal to the difference between the settlement price and the fixed price multiplied by the hedged contract volume.

        A put option has an established floor price. The buyer of the put option pays the seller a premium to enter into the put option. When the settlement price is below the floor price, the seller pays the buyer an amount equal to the difference between the settlement price and the strike price multiplied by the hedged contract volume. When the settlement price is above the floor price, the put option expires worthless. Some of the Company's purchased put options have deferred premiums. For the

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 5—Commodity Derivative Instruments (Continued)

deferred premium puts, the Company agrees to pay a premium to the counterparty at the time of settlement.

        A call option has an established ceiling price. The buyer of the call option pays the seller a premium to enter into the call option. When the settlement price is above the ceiling price, the seller pays the buyer an amount equal to the difference between the settlement price and the strike price multiplied by the hedged contract volume. When the settlement price is below the ceiling price, the call option expires worthless.

        The Company combines swaps, purchased put options, purchased call options, sold put options, and sold call options in order to achieve various hedging strategies. Some examples of the Company's hedging strategies are collars which include purchased put options and sold call options, three-way collars which include purchased put options, sold put options, and sold call options, and enhanced swaps, which include either sold put options or sold call options with the associated premiums rolled into an enhanced fixed price swap.

        The objective of the Company's use of commodity derivative instruments is to achieve more predictable cash flows in an environment of volatile oil and gas prices and to manage its exposure to commodity price risk. While the use of these commodity derivative instruments limits the downside risk of adverse price movements, such use may also limit the Company's ability to benefit from favorable price movements. The Company may, from time to time, add incremental derivatives to hedge additional production, restructure existing derivative contracts or enter into new transactions to modify the terms of current contracts in order to realize the current value of the Company's existing positions. The Company does not enter into derivative contracts for speculative purposes.

        The use of derivatives involves the risk that the counterparties to such instruments will be unable to meet the financial terms of such contracts. The Company's derivative contracts are currently with six counterparties. The Company has netting arrangements with the counterparties that provide for the offset of payables against receivables from separate derivative arrangements with the counterparties in the event of contract termination. The derivative contracts may be terminated by a non-defaulting party in the event of default by one of the parties to the agreement. There are no credit-risk-related contingent features or circumstances in which the features could be triggered in derivative instruments that are in a net liability position at the end of the reporting period.

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 5—Commodity Derivative Instruments (Continued)

        The Company's commodity derivative contracts as of June 30, 2016 are summarized below:

 
  2016   2017   2018  

NYMEX WTI(1) Crude Swaps:

                   

Notional volume (Bbl)

    1,151,671     2,200,000      

Weighted average fixed price ($/Bbl)

  $ 39.09   $ 44.61        

NYMEX WTI(1) Crude Sold Calls:

                   

Notional volume (Bbl)

    929,000     3,600,000     100,000  

Weighted average fixed price ($/Bbl)

  $ 58.11   $ 53.60   $ 55.00  

NYMEX WTI(1) Crude Sold Puts:

                   

Notional volume (Bbl)

    1,300,000     4,050,000      

Weighted average fixed price ($/Bbl)

  $ 45.00     36.44        

NYMEX WTI(1) Crude Deferred Premium Purchase Puts:

                   

Notional volume (Bbl)

    50,000          

Weighted average purchased put price ($/Bbl)

  $ 45.00              

Weighted average deferred premium ($/Bbl)

  $ (12.36 )            

NYMEX WTI(1) Crude Purchased Puts:

                   

Notional volume (Bbl)

    1,651,671     3,600,000      

Weighted average purchased put price ($/Bbl)

  $ 54.33   $ 46.28        

NYMEX WTI(1) Crude Purchased Calls:

                   

Notional volume (Bbl)

    82,000          

Weighted average purchased put price ($/Bbl)

  $ 69.50              

NYMEX HH(2) Natural Gas Swaps:

                   

Notional volume (MMBtu)

    6,776,006     18,220,000      

Weighted average fixed price ($/MMBtu)

  $ 3.11   $ 3.01        

CIG(3) Basis Gas Swaps:

                   

Notional volume (MMBtu)

    1,980,000     990,000      

Weighted average fixed price ($/MMBtu)

  $ (0.19 ) $ (0.19 )      

(1)
NYMEX WTI refers to West Texas Intermediate crude oil price on the New York Mercantile Exchange

(2)
NYMEX HH refers to the Henry Hub natural gas price on the New York Mercantile Exchange

(3)
CIG refers to the NYMEX HH settlement price less the fixed basis price, the Rocky Mountains (CIGC) Inside FERC settlement price.

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 5—Commodity Derivative Instruments (Continued)

        The following tables detail the fair value of the Company's derivative instruments, including the gross amounts and adjustments made to net the derivative instruments for the presentation in the balance sheet (in thousands):

 
  As of June 30, 2016  
Location on Balance Sheet
  Gross Amounts
of Recognized
Assets and
Liabilities
  Gross Amounts
Offset in the
Balance Sheet(1)
  Net Amounts of
Assets and
Liabilities
Presented in the
Balance Sheet
  Gross Amounts
not Offset in the
Balance
Sheet(2)
  Net
Amounts(3)
 

Current assets

  $ 18,573   $ (17,838 ) $ 735   $ (27 ) $ 708  

Non-current assets

  $ 11,192   $ (11,192 ) $   $   $  

Current liabilities(4)

  $ (41,894 ) $ 17,838   $ (24,056 ) $ 27   $ (40,116 )

Non-current liabilities

  $ (27,279 ) $ 11,192   $ (16,087 ) $   $  

 

 
  As of December 31, 2015  
Location on Balance Sheet
  Gross Amounts
of Recognized
Assets and
Liabilities
  Gross Amounts
Offset in the
Balance Sheet(1)
  Net Amounts of
Assets and
Liabilities
Presented in the
Balance Sheet
  Gross Amounts
not Offset in the
Balance
Sheet(2)
  Net
Amounts(3)
 

Current assets

  $ 89,746   $ (20,861 ) $ 68,885   $   $ 71,791  

Non-current assets

  $ 5,916   $ (3,010 ) $ 2,906   $   $  

Current liabilities

  $ (20,861 ) $ 20,861   $   $   $  

Non-current liabilities

  $ (3,010 ) $ 3,010   $   $   $  

(1)
Agreements are in place with all of the Company's financial trading counterparties that allow for the financial right of offset for derivative assets and derivative liabilities at settlement or in the event of a default under the agreements.

(2)
Netting for balance sheet presentation is performed by current and non-current classification. This adjustment represents amounts subject to an enforceable master netting arrangement which are not netted on the balance sheet. There are no amounts of related financial collateral received or pledged.

(3)
Net amounts are not split by current and non-current. All counterparties in a net asset position are shown in the current asset line item and all counterparties in a net liability position are shown in the current liability line item.

(4)
Gross current liability includes a deferred premium liability of approximately $0.6 million related to the Company's deferred put premiums.

        The Company recognized a net loss on commodity derivatives of $78.6 million and $8.4 million in other income (expense) for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

Note 6—Asset Retirement Obligations

        The Company follows accounting for asset retirement obligations in accordance with ASC 410, Asset Retirement and Environmental Obligations , which requires that the fair value of a liability for an asset retirement obligation be recognized in the period in which it was incurred if a reasonable estimate

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 6—Asset Retirement Obligations (Continued)

of fair value could be made. The Company's asset retirement obligations primarily represent the estimated present value of the amounts expected to be incurred to plug, abandon and remediate producing and shut-in wells at the end of their productive lives in accordance with applicable state and federal laws. The Company determines the estimated fair value of its asset retirement obligations by calculating the present value of estimated cash flows related to plugging and abandonment liabilities. The significant inputs used to calculate such liabilities include estimates of costs to be incurred; the Company's credit adjusted discount rates, inflation rates and estimated dates of abandonment. The asset retirement liability is accreted to its present value each period and the capitalized asset retirement costs are depleted with proved oil and gas properties using the unit of production method.

        The following table summarizes the activities of the Company's asset retirement obligations for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and the year ended December 31, 2015 (in thousands):

 
  For the Six
Months Ended
June 30, 2016
  For the
Year Ended
December 31, 2015
 

Balance beginning of period

  $ 44,367   $ 6,450  

Liabilities incurred or acquired

    786     35,624  

Liabilities settled

    (615 )   (1,742 )

Revisions in estimated cash flows

    1,608      

Accretion expense

    2,634     4,035  

Balance end of period

  $ 48,780   $ 44,367  

Note 7—Fair Value Measurements

        ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure , establishes a hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value that maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that the most observable inputs be used when available. Observable inputs are inputs that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company. Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect the Company's assumptions of what market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on the best information available in the circumstances. The hierarchy is broken down into three levels based on the reliability of the inputs as follows:

    Level 1: Quoted prices are available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

    Level 2: Quoted prices in active markets for similar assets and liabilities that are observable for the asset or liability;

    Level 3: Unobservable pricing inputs that are generally less observable from objective sources, such as discounted cash flow models or valuations.

        The financial assets and liabilities are classified based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Company's assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement requires judgment, and may affect the valuation of the fair value of assets and liabilities and their placement within the fair value hierarchy levels. There were no transfers between levels during any periods presented below.

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 7—Fair Value Measurements (Continued)

        The following table presents the Company's financial assets and liabilities that were accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 by level within the fair value hierarchy (in thousands):

 
  Fair Value Measurements at
June 30, 2016 Using
 
 
  Level 1   Level 2   Level 3   Total  

Financial Assets:

                         

Commodity derivative assets

  $   $ 735   $   $ 735  

Financial Liabilities:

                         

Commodity derivative liabilities

  $   $ 40,143   $   $ 40,143  

 

 
  Fair Value Measurements at
December 31, 2015 Using
 
 
  Level 1   Level 2   Level 3   Total  

Financial Assets:

                         

Commodity derivative assets

  $   $ 71,791   $   $ 71,791  

Financial Liabilities:

                         

Commodity derivative liabilities

  $   $   $   $  

        The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of the assets and liabilities in the table above:

Commodity Derivative Instruments

        The Company determines its estimate of the fair value of derivative instruments using a market based approach that takes into account several factors, including quoted market prices in active markets, implied market volatility factors, quotes from third parties, the credit rating of each counterparty, and the Company's own credit rating. In consideration of counterparty credit risk, the Company assessed the possibility of whether each counterparty to the derivative would default by failing to make any contractually required payments. Additionally, the Company considers that it is of substantial credit quality and has the financial resources and willingness to meet its potential repayment obligations associated with the derivative transactions. Derivative instruments utilized by the Company consist of swaps, put options, and call options. The oil and natural gas derivative markets are highly active. Although the Company's derivative instruments are valued using public indices, the instruments themselves are traded with third-party counterparties and are not openly traded on an exchange. As such, the Company has classified these instruments as Level 2.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

        The Company's financial instruments consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, commodity derivative instruments (discussed above) and long-term debt. The carrying values of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable are representative of their fair values due to their short-term maturities. The carrying amount of the Company's credit facility approximated fair value as it bears interest at variable rates over the term of the loan. The fair value of the Second Lien Notes was derived from available market data. As such, the Company has classified the Second Lien Notes as Level 2. Please refer to Note 4—Long-Term Debt for

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 7—Fair Value Measurements (Continued)

further information. The Company's policy is to recognize transfers between levels at the end of the period. This disclosure (in thousands) does not impact the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

 
  At June 30, 2016   At December 31, 2015  
 
  Carrying
Amount
  Fair Value   Carrying
Amount
  Fair Value  

Credit facility

  $ 235,000   $ 235,000   $ 225,000   $ 225,000  

Second Lien Notes(1)

  $ 414,895   $ 446,731   $ 412,790   $ 433,196  

(1)
The carrying amount of the Second Lien Notes includes unamortized debt discount and debt issuance costs of $15.1 million and $17.2 million as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.

Non-Recurring Fair Value Measurements

        The Company applies the provisions of the fair value measurement standard on a non-recurring basis to its non-financial assets and liabilities, including proved property. These assets and liabilities are not measured at fair value on a recurring basis, but are subject to fair value adjustments when facts are circumstances arise that indicate a need for measurement.

        The Company utilizes fair value on a non-recurring basis to review its proved oil and gas properties for potential impairment when events and circumstances indicate a possible decline in the recoverability of the carrying value of such property. The Company uses an income approach analysis based on the net discounted future cash-flows of producing property. The future cash-flows are based on Management's estimates for the future. Unobservable inputs included estimates of oil and gas production, as the case may be, from the Company's reserve reports, commodity prices based on the sales contract terms or forward price curves, operating and development costs, and a discount rate based on the Company's weighted average cost of capital (all of which are Level 3 inputs within the fair value hierarchy). The Company recognized $22.5 million and $9.5 million in impairment expense on proved oil and gas properties for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The impairment expense for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 is related to impairment of the assets in the Company's Northern field. The future undiscounted cash flows did not exceed its carrying amount associated with its proved oil and gas properties in its Northern field and it was determined that the proved oil and gas properties had no remaining fair value. Therefore, the full net book value of these proved oil and gas properties were impaired at June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

        The Company's other non-recurring fair value measurements include the purchase price allocations for the fair value of assets and liabilities acquired through business combinations, please refer to Note 3—Acquisitions . The fair value of assets and liabilities acquired through business combinations is calculated using a discounted-cash flow approach using level 3 inputs. Cash flow estimates require forecasts and assumptions for many years into the future for a variety of factors, including risk-adjusted oil and gas reserves, commodity prices and operating costs, based on market participant assumptions. The fair value of assets or liabilities associated with purchase price allocations is on a non-recurring basis and is not measured in periods after initial recognition.

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 8—Members' Equity

Tranche A, Tranche B and Preferred Tranche C Unit Issuance

        At June 30, 2016, the Company's operations were governed by the provisions of the Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement effective March 10, 2015 ("Holdings LLC Agreement") and the Company had two classes of voting membership interests outstanding, the Tranche A Equity Units and the Tranche C Equity Units. In connection with the Reorganization, on May 29, 2014, the following Tranche A Equity Units were issued:

    62.4 million Tranche A Equity Units were issued to certain members that had made historical capital contributions to Extraction through PRL at a price of $1.02 per unit for gross proceeds of $63.4 million; and,

    14.5 million Tranche A Equity Units were issued to certain members to settle $39.0 million of Extraction convertible notes at a price of $2.68 per unit for gross proceeds of $39.0 million.

        Additionally, on May 29, 2014, 75.6 million Tranche A Equity Units were issued to new and existing members in exchange for additional capital contributions at a price of $2.68 per unit for gross proceeds of $202.9 million.

        On August 20, 2014, the Company issued an additional 74.5 million Tranche A Equity Units to new and existing members in exchange for additional capital contributions at a price of $2.68 per unit for gross proceeds of $199.9 million.

        On February 18, 2015, the Company issued 15.3 million Tranche B Equity Units to certain Members at a purchase price of $3.25 per unit for gross proceeds of $49.5 million. The Tranche B Equity Unit holders were granted certain rights in Holdings' limited liability company agreement. Included was a right to exchange the Tranche B Equity Units for new equity units at a price of $3.25 per unit if the Company issues any equity units with rights, preferences or obligations different form the Tranche B Units on or prior to May 14, 2015.

        On March 10, 2015, the Company issued 32.5 million Tranche C Equity Units to certain new and existing Members at a purchase price of $3.25 per unit for gross proceeds of $105.7 million and each Tranche B Equity Unit was reclassified as a Tranche C Equity Unit, such that no Tranche B Equity Units remain outstanding. The Tranche C Equity Unit holders were granted certain rights in Holdings' limited liability company agreement. Included with these rights were, (1) the right to receive their invested capital prior to any distribution to any other unit holders, (2) the right to receive additional Tranche C units under specified circumstances contingent upon an initial public offering or certain change of control events and (3) the right to approve the issue of equity units with any rights or preferences that are senior to the rights and preferences of the Tranche C Equity Units.

        On September 24, 2015, the Company issued 22.9 million Tranche C Equity Units to Members at a purchase price of $3.25 per unit for gross proceeds of $74.3 million.

        On October 13, 2015, the Company issued 7.9 million Tranche C Equity Units to new and existing Members at a purchase price of $3.25 per unit for gross proceeds of $25.7 million.

        In April 2016 and June 2016, the Company issued 35.8 million Preferred Tranche C Equity Units to new and existing Members at a purchase price of $3.25 per unit for gross proceeds of $116.4 million. The proceeds of the April and June 2016 Offering were used for general business purposes, including to repay amounts borrowed under the Company's credit facility.

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 8—Members' Equity (Continued)

        In July 2016, the Company issued and additional 1.5 million Preferred Tranche C Equity Units to new and existing Members at a purchase price of $3.25 per unit for gross proceeds of $5.0 million. The proceeds of the July 2016 Offering were used for general business purposes, including to repay amounts borrowed under the Company's credit facility.

        The Company incurred equity issuance costs related to the aforementioned equity offerings of $15.5 million from inception through June 30, 2016. These equity issuance costs were recorded as a reduction to Members' Equity.

Restricted Stock Units ("RSUs")

        Under the Holdings LLC Agreement, the Company can grant RSUs to employees, non-employee managers and consultants. RSUs are nonvoting membership interests in the Company and are subject to certain vesting and forfeiture conditions, but have equal rights and preferences to the Tranche A Equity Units in all other regards. See Note 9—Unit-Based Compensation for additional information.

Promissory Notes

        In May 2014, the Company received full recourse promissory notes from two officers under which the Company advanced $5.4 million to the employees to meet their capital contributions. The promissory notes are due on May 29, 2021, or earlier in the event of termination or certain change in control events as stipulated in the individual promissory notes and any distributions of capital contributions are considered mandatory prepayments. The promissory notes have a stated interest rate of LIBOR plus 1% per annum. The promissory notes are recorded as a reduction of members' equity.

Note 9—Unit-Based Compensation

Holdings' RSU's

        On May 29, 2014, the Company adopted the 2014 Membership Unit Incentive Plan ("2014 Plan"). The 2014 Plan provides for the compensation of employees, non-employee managers and consultants of the Company and its affiliates through grants of restricted stock units ("Holdings' RSUs") and incentive units. As of June 30, 2016, 1.5 million Holdings' RSUs remained available for issuance under the 2014 Plan.

        At the Reorganization through June 30, 2016, the following Holdings' RSU activity occurred related to the Company's employees and non-employee consultants:

    3.4 million Holdings' RSUs were granted to each holder of PRL RSUs as part of the Reorganization, (as defined below under the heading "PRL RSUs");

    3.5 million Holdings' RSUs were granted to certain Company employees and consultants to keep their equity ownership whole as part of the Reorganization; and,

    1.4 million Holdings' RSUs were granted to certain members of Extraction management who participated in Extraction's Net Profits Interest Bonus Plan, which was terminated on May 29, 2014 as part of the Reorganization.

    1.9 million Holdings' RSUs were granted to certain Company employees that were hired subsequent to the Reorganization.

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 9—Unit-Based Compensation (Continued)

        Holdings' RSUs vest over a three-year service period, with 25%, 25% and 50% of the units vesting in year one, two and three, respectively. The vesting period for the 3.4 million Holdings' RSUs granted to holders of PRL RSUs was carried over from the original PRE RSU grants; as such, 0.2 million Holdings' RSUs were vested on May 29, 2014. The vesting period for all other Holdings' RSUs begins on the grant date. The Company estimates fair value of the RSU's on their grant date based upon estimated volatility, market comparable risk free rate, estimated forfeiture rate and a discount for lack of marketability. Grant date fair value was determined based on the value of the Company's Equity Units on the date of the grant. Due to a lack of historical data, the Company uses the experience of other entities in the same industry to estimate a forfeiture rate. Expected forfeitures are then included as part of the grant date estimate of compensation cost.

        The Company recorded $2.4 million and $2.7 million of unit-based compensation costs related to Holding' RSU grants for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. No tax benefit related to unit-based compensation was recognized in the consolidated statements of operations and no unit-based compensation was capitalized for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015. As of June 30, 2016, there was $3.1 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested Holdings' RSUs granted to employees that is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.0 year and $0.1 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested Holdings' RSUs granted to non-employee consultants that is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.0 year.

        Of the 3.4 million Holdings' RSUs granted to holders of PRL RSUs in connection with the Reorganization, 1.3 were granted to PRL employees or consultants. The Company does not record any unit-based compensation expense related to these awards because PRL employees or consultants do not provide services to the Company.

        Of the 3.5 million Holdings' RSUs granted to certain employees and consultants to keep their equity ownership whole as part of the Reorganization, 1.3 were granted to PRL employees or consultants. The Company does not record any unit-based compensation expense related to these awards because PRL employees or consultants do not provide services to the Company.

        The following table summarizes the Holdings' RSU activity from the January 1, 2015 through June 30, 2016 and provides information for Holdings' RSUs outstanding at the dates indicated:

 
  Number of
Shares
  Weighted
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
 

Non-vested RSUs at January 1, 2015

    9,365,896   $ 2.22  

Granted

    196,047   $ 2.68  

Forfeited

    (53,063 ) $ 2.21  

Vested

    (3,197,638 ) $ 2.22  

Non-vested RSUs at December 31, 2015

    6,311,242   $ 2.23  

Granted

      $  

Forfeited

    (181,817 ) $ 2.68  

Vested

    (1,546,724 ) $ 2.22  

Non-vested RSUs at June 30, 2016

    4,582,701   $ 2.22  

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 9—Unit-Based Compensation (Continued)

PRL RSU's

        Prior to the Reorganization, PRL granted RSU's to certain employees, including Extraction employees ("PRL RSUs"). Subsequent to the Reorganization, Extraction's employees retained the PRL RSU's. PRL RSUs vest over a three-year service period, with 25%, 25% and 50% of the units vesting in year one, two and three, respectively. Grant date fair value was determined based on the value of PRL's Equity Units on the date of the grant. PRL uses its past experience to estimate a forfeiture rate and expected forfeitures are included as part of the grant date estimate of compensation cost.

        The Company recorded $0.2 million and $0.4 million of unit-based compensation costs related to PRL RSU grants for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. As of June 30, 2016, there was $0.3 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested PRL RSUs granted to employees that is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 0.3 years.

Holdings' Incentive Units

        In accordance with the 2014 Plan and the Holdings LLC Agreement, Holdings issued incentive units to certain members of management in the fourth quarter of 2015. As of June 30, 2016, 3.0 million of incentive units have been issued. No incentive units were issued during 2016. All of the incentive units are non-voting and subject to certain vesting and performance conditions. The incentive units vest over a three year service period, with 25%, 25% and 50% of the units vesting in year 1, year 2 and year 3, respectively, and in full upon a change of control, as defined in the Holdings LLC Agreement. The incentive units are accounted for as liability awards under ASC 718, Compensation—Stock Compensation , with compensation expense based on period-end fair value. No incentive compensation expense was recorded for the six months ended June 30, 2016, because it was not probable that the performance criterion would be met.

Note 10—Earnings (Loss) Per Unit

        As discussed in Note 8—Members' Equity , the Company has Tranche A and Tranche C Equity Units. Additionally, the Company's RSUs are classified as Tranche A non-voting units upon vesting. In a distribution of capital in excess of contributed capital, the Company's two types of Equity Units, Tranche A and Tranche C, participate in distributions proportionally based on their respective share of the total number of equity units outstanding. The Tranche C Equity Units receive their contributed capital prior to Tranche A only in a liquidation event. The Company assumes liquidation in excess of capital contributions, thus the Tranche C and A Units are considered in the same class for the purpose of computing earnings (loss) per unit.

        Basic earnings (loss) per unit is computed by dividing income (loss) attributable to unitholders by the weighted average number of units outstanding during each period. Diluted earnings per unit reflects the potential dilutive impact from unvested RSUs. As of June 30, 2016 and 2015, there were 4.6 million and 7.5 million unvested RSUs, respectively. In periods of net loss, as was the case for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, potentially dilutive units are excluded from the calculation because they are anti-dilutive.

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 10—Earnings (Loss) Per Unit (Continued)

        The table below sets forth the computations of basic and diluted net loss per unit for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 (in thousands, except per unit data):

 
  For the Six Months
Ended June 30,
 
 
  2016   2015  

Net loss allocable to Equity Units

  $ (173,134 ) $ (56,710 )

Weighted average basic Equity Units outstanding

    323,967     260,209  

Basic and diluted loss per Equity Unit(1)

  $ (0.53 ) $ (0.22 )

(1)
For the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, the anti-dilutive RSUs were excluded from the if-converted method of calculating diluted earnings per unit.

Note 11—Commitments and Contingencies

Leases

        The Company leases two office spaces in Denver, Colorado, one office space in Greeley, Colorado and one office space in Houston, Texas under separate operating lease agreements. The Denver, Colorado leases expire on February 29, 2020 and May 31, 2026, respectively. The Greeley and Houston leases expire on March 31, 2019 and October 31, 2017, respectively. Total rental commitments under non-cancelable leases for office space were $22.2 million at June 30, 2016. The future minimum lease payments under these non-cancelable leases are as follows: $1.2 million in 2016, $2.5 million in 2017, $2.5 million in 2018, $2.3 million in 2019, $2.1 million in 2020 and $11.6 million thereafter. Rent expense was $0.7 million and $0.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

        On June 4, 2015 and March 22, 2016, the Company subleased the remaining term of one of its Denver office leases that expires February 29, 2020. As of June 30, 2016 the sublease will decrease the Company's future lease payments by $0.8 million.

Drilling Rigs

        As of June 30, 2016, the Company had commitments on one drilling rig. In the event of early termination, the Company would be obligated to pay approximately $2.0 million as of June 30 , 2016, as required under the terms of the contract. In March 2015, the Company early terminated one of its drilling rig contracts for approximately $1.7 million, which was recorded in the consolidated statements of operations within the other operating expenses line item. In February 2016, the Company provided notice to terminate one of its drilling rigs for approximately $0.9 million that was subject to commitment at December 31, 2015. This amount was recorded in the consolidated statements of operations within the other operating expenses line item.

Delivery Commitments

        As of June 30, 2016, the Company was subject to a long-term crude oil delivery commitment over a term of 10 years with an estimated commencement date of November 30, 2016. The terms have a fixed monthly delivery commitment of 40,000 Bpd in year one, 52,000 Bpd in year two, and 58,000 Bpd in years three through ten at a price of $3.95 per barrel which is subject to standard FERC escalation

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 11—Commitments and Contingencies (Continued)

rates. The aggregate amount of estimated payments under the agreement is $887.3 million over the ten years.

        None of the Company's reserves are subject to any priorities or curtailments that may affect quantities delivered to its customers. The Company believes that its future production is adequate to meet its commitments. If for some reason the Company's production is not sufficient to satisfy its commitments, the Company expects to be able to purchase volumes in the market or make other arrangements to satisfy its commitments.

General

        The Company is subject to contingent liabilities with respect to existing or potential claims, lawsuits, and other proceedings, including those involving environmental, tax, and other matters, certain of which are discussed more specifically below. The Company accrues liabilities when it is probable that future costs will be incurred and such costs can be reasonably estimated. Such accruals are based on developments to date and the Company's estimates of the outcomes of these matters and its experience in contesting, litigating, and settling other matters. As the scope of the liabilities becomes better defined, there will be changes in the estimates of future costs, which management currently believes will not have a material effect on the Company's financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.

        As is customary in the oil and gas industry, the Company may at times have commitments in place to reserve or earn certain acreage positions or wells. If the Company does not meet such commitments, the acreage positions or wells may be lost or the Company may be required to pay damages if certain performance conditions are not met.

Legal Matters

        In the first quarter and second quarter of 2016, the Company received six invoices related to a terminated firm natural gas transportation service agreement. The natural gas transportation provider has demanded payment under this terminated agreement. The Company has delivered written notice disputing any and all amounts due related to this terminated agreement. The Company intends to vigorously defend itself against any and all demands, if legal proceedings relating to this matter are initiated; we may incur material legal expenses if this dispute results in litigation. The Company is unable to estimate a reasonable possible loss. In the event there is an adverse outcome, the Company currently estimates that its future loss would range between $0 million to $37.2 million that would be paid over the 10 year term of transportation service agreement.

        In the ordinary course of business, the Company may at times be subject to claims and legal actions. Management believes it is remote that the impact of such matters will have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows. Management is unaware of any pending litigation brought against the Company requiring the reserve of a contingent liability as of the date of these financial statements.

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EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 12—Related Party Transactions

Office Lease with Related Affiliate

        In March 2016, the Company subleased office space to Star Peak Capital, LLC, of which a member of the board of managers is an owner, for $1,400 per month. The sublease commenced on May 1, 2016 and expires on February 29, 2020.

Units Repurchased from Officer

        In May 2016, the Company repurchased 60,605 Tranche A Units and 82,578 Tranche C Units from our former Chief Accounting Officer, for $3.25 per unit for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $0.5 million.

Promissory Notes

        In May 2014, the Company received full recourse promissory notes from two officers under which the Company advanced $5.4 million to the employees to meet their capital contributions. The promissory notes are due on May 29, 2021, or earlier in the event of termination or certain change in control events as stipulated in the individual promissory notes and any distributions of capital contributions are considered mandatory prepayments. The promissory notes have a stated interest rate of LIBOR plus 1% per annum. The promissory notes are recorded as a reduction of members' equity.

Second Lien Notes

        Several lenders of Second Lien Notes are also members of Holdings. Of the $430.0 million outstanding on the Second Lien Notes, members held approximately $311.7 million.

Senior Notes

        Several lenders of Senior Notes are also members of Holdings. Of the $550.0 million principal amount on the Senior Notes, members hold approximately $168.5 million.

Due to Related Party

        As of December 31, 2014, the Company had recorded a payable due to related party of $0.2 million with PRL for certain general and administrative expenses, which included salary and related benefits, office rent, insurance premiums and other general and administrative costs, which was repaid in April 2015.

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INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT

To the Board of Managers of Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC

        We have audited the accompanying special purpose statements of revenues and direct operating expenses of certain oil & gas properties of Tekton Windsor, LLC (the "May 2014 properties acquired," as described in Note 1, collectively referred to as "the Company") for the three-month period ended March 31, 2014 and for the year ended December 31, 2013.

Management's Responsibility for the Special Purpose Statements of Revenues and Direct Operating Expenses

        Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the special purpose statements of revenues and direct operating expenses in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America; this includes the design, implementation, and maintenance of internal control relevant to the preparation and fair presentation of the special purpose statements of revenues and direct operating expenses that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

Auditor's Responsibility

        Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the special purpose statements of revenues and direct operating expenses based on our audit. We conducted our audit in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the special purpose statements of revenues and direct operating expenses are free from material misstatement.

        An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the special purpose statements of revenues and direct operating expenses. The procedures selected depend on our judgment, including the assessment of the risks of material misstatement of the special purpose statements of revenues and direct operating expenses, whether due to fraud or error. In making those risk assessments, we consider internal control relevant to the Company's preparation and fair presentation of the special purpose statements of revenues and direct operating expenses in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company's internal control. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes evaluating the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of significant accounting estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the special purpose statements of revenues and direct operating expenses. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion.

Opinion

        In our opinion, the special purpose statements of revenues and direct operating expenses referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the revenues and direct operating expenses of the May 2014 properties acquired for the three-month period ended March 31, 2014 and for the year ended December 31, 2013 in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Emphasis of Matter

        The accompanying special purpose statements of revenues and direct operating expenses were prepared in connection with Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC's purchase of the May 2014 properties acquired from Tekton Windsor, LLC, and as described in Note 1, were prepared in accordance with an SEC waiver received by Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC, for the purposes of Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC

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complying with Rule 3-05 of the Securities and Exchange Commission's Regulation S-X. These special purpose statements of revenues and direct operating expenses are not intended to be a complete presentation of the financial position, results of operations or cash flows of the May 2014 properties acquired. Our opinion is not modified with respect to this matter.

Other Matter

        The accompanying special purpose statement of revenues and direct operating expenses for the three-month period ended March 31, 2013 was not audited, reviewed, or compiled by us and, accordingly, we do not express an opinion or any other form of assurance on it.

/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Denver, Colorado
July 13, 2015

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STATEMENTS OF REVENUES AND DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES
OF MAY 2014 PROPERTIES ACQUIRED BY EXTRACTION OIL & GAS, LLC

 
   
 

For the Three-Month
Periods Ended
 
 
  For the
Year Ended
December 31,
2013
 
 
  March 31,
2014
  March 31,
2013
(unaudited)
 
 
  (in thousands)
 

Revenues:

                   

Oil sales

  $ 10,594   $ 8,261   $ 441  

Natural gas sales

    1,054     559     37  

NGL sales

    756     620      

Total revenues

    12,404     9,440     478  

Direct Operating Expenses:

                   

Lease operating expense

    616     637     31  

Production taxes

    1,378     1,075     43  

Total direct operating expenses

    1,994     1,712     74  

Revenues in Excess of Direct Operating Expenses

  $ 10,410   $ 7,728   $ 404  

   

See accompanying notes to the statements of
revenues and direct operating expenses

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NOTES TO THE STATEMENTS OF REVENUES AND DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES

1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION:

        On March 4, 2014, Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC (the " Company "), entered into a definitive purchase and sale agreement (the " Tekton Agreement ") with Tekton Windsor, LLC (the " Seller "), under which Extraction agreed to acquire interests in approximately 6,200 net acres of leaseholds, and related producing properties located primarily in Weld County, Colorado (the " May 2014 Properties Acquired "), along with various other related rights, permits, contracts, equipment and other assets. The seller received aggregate consideration of approximately $219.3 million in cash. The effective date for the acquisition was January 1, 2014, with purchase price adjustments calculated as of the closing date on May 29, 2014.

        The accompanying Statements of Revenues and Direct Operating Expenses (the " Statements ") are presented on an accrual basis of accounting and relate to the operations of the May 2014 Properties Acquired and have been derived from the historical accounting records. Certain costs such as depreciation, depletion, and amortization, accretion of asset retirement obligations, general and administrative expenses, interest and corporate income taxes are omitted. As such, this financial information is not intended to be a complete presentation of the revenues and expenses of the May 2014 Properties Acquired. Furthermore, the information may not be representative of future operations due to changes in the business and the exclusion of the omitted information.

        Historical financial statements reflecting financial position, results of operations and cash flows required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America are not presented as such information is not available on an individual property basis, nor is it practicable to obtain such information in these circumstances. Accordingly, the statement of revenues and direct operating expenses is presented in lieu of the financial statements required under Rule 3-01 and Rule 3-02 of the Securities and Exchange Commission's (" SEC ") Regulation S-X and prepared in accordance with a waiver received from the SEC. The results set forth in these statements of revenues and direct operating expenses may not be representative of future operations.

        The accompanying statement of revenues and direct operating expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2013 are unaudited. The unaudited interim statement of revenues and direct operating expenses have been prepared on the same basis as the annual statement of revenues and direct operating expenses. In the opinion of management, such unaudited interim statement reflect all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the excess of revenues over direct operating expenses of the May 2014 Properties acquired for the three months ended March 31, 2013.

2. USE OF ESTIMATES IN PREPARATION OF THE STATEMENTS OF REVENUES AND DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES:

        The preparation of these Statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues and direct operating expenses during the respective reporting periods. Actual results may differ from the estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of the Statements.

3. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES:

        Pursuant to the terms of the Tekton Agreement, there are no known claims, litigation or disputes pending as of the effective date of the Tekton Agreement, or any matters arising in connection with indemnification, and the parties to the Tekton Agreement are not aware of any legal, environmental or other commitments or contingencies that would have a material adverse effect on the Statements.

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NOTES TO THE STATEMENTS OF REVENUES AND DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES (Continued)

4. REVENUE RECOGNITION:

        Revenues from the sale of oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids (" NGLs ") are recognized when the product is delivered at a fixed or determinable price, title has transferred, and collectability is reasonably assured and evidenced by a contract. The Company recognizes revenues from the sale of oil, natural gas and NGL's using the sales method of accounting, whereby revenue is recorded based on the Company's share of volume sold, regardless of whether the Company has taken its proportional share of volume produced. A receivable or liability is recognized only to the extent that the Company has an imbalance on a specific property greater than the expected remaining proved reserves. There were no gas imbalances at December 31, 2013 and March 31, 2014.

5. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS:

        In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (" ASC ") 855, we have evaluated subsequent events through June 13, 2015, the date of the accompanying statements of revenues and direct operating expenses were available to be issued. There were no material subsequent events that required recognition or additional disclosure in the accompanying statements of revenues and direct operating expenses.

6. SUPPLEMENTAL OIL AND GAS RESERVE INFORMATION (UNAUDITED):

        Estimates of proved reserves are inherently imprecise and are continually subject to revision based on production history, results of additional exploration and development, price changes and other factors. All of the May 2014 Properties Acquired proved reserves are located in the continental United States.

        Guidelines prescribed in Financial Accounting Standards Board's (" FASB ") Accounting Standards Codification (" ASC ") Topic 932. Extractive Industries—Oil and Gas, have been followed for computing a standardized measure of future net cash flows and changes therein relating to estimated proved reserves. Future cash inflows and future production and development costs are determined by applying prices and costs, including transportation, quality, and basis differentials, to the year-end estimated quantities of oil and gas to be produced in the future. The resulting future net cash flows are reduced to present value amounts by applying a ten percent annual discount factor. Future operating costs are determined based on estimates of expenditures to be incurred in producing the proved oil and gas reserves in place at the end of the period using year-end costs and assuming continuation of existing economic conditions, plus overhead incurred. Future development costs are determined based on estimates of capital expenditures to be incurred in developing proved oil and gas reserves.

        The assumptions used to compute the standardized measure are those prescribed by the FASB and the SEC. These assumptions do not necessarily reflect the Company's expectations of actual revenues to be derived from those reserves, nor their present value. The limitations inherent in the reserve quantity estimation process, as discussed previously, are equally applicable to the standardized measure computations since these reserve quantity estimates are the basis for the valuation process. The Company emphasizes that reserve estimates are inherently imprecise and that estimates of new discoveries and undeveloped locations are more imprecise than estimates of established proved producing oil and gas properties. Accordingly, these estimates are expected to change as future information becomes available. The standardized measure excludes income taxes as the Company is a limited liability company and not subject to income taxes.

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NOTES TO THE STATEMENTS OF REVENUES AND DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES (Continued)

6. SUPPLEMENTAL OIL AND GAS RESERVE INFORMATION (UNAUDITED): (Continued)

        The changes in the May 2014 Properties Acquired proved (i.e., proved developed and undeveloped) reserves for the three months ended March 31, 2014 and the year ended December 31, 2013 are:

 
  Crude Oil
(Mbbls)
  Natural Gas
(MMcf)
  NGL
(Mbbls)
 

January 1, 2013

    108     140     16  

Extensions, discoveries, and other additions

    2,262     4,847     545  

Revisions

    114     361     30  

Production

    (118 )   (288 )   (22 )

December 31, 2013

    2,366     5,060     569  

Extensions, discoveries, and other additions

    2     1      

Revisions

    (8 )   31     4  

Production

    (96 )   (140 )   (17 )

March 31, 2014

    2,264     4,952     556  

Proved developed reserves, included above

                   

December 31, 2013

    994     2,588     291  

March 31, 2014

    2,264     4,952     556  

Proved undeveloped reserves, included above

                   

December 31, 2013

    1,372     2,472     278  

March 31, 2014

             

        As of December 31, 2013, the May 2014 Properties Acquired had estimated proved reserves of 2,366 one thousand barrels (" Mbbl ") of crude oil, 5,060 one million cubic feet ( "MMcf" ) of natural gas and 569 Mbbl of NGLs with a standardized measure of $102.1 million. The May 2014 Properties Acquired reserves are comprised of 63% crude oil, 22% natural gas and 15% NGLs on an energy equivalent basis. The 2.3 million barrels of oil, 4.8 billion cubic feet of natural gas, and 0.5 million barrels of natural gas liquids of proved reserves added by extensions and discoveries for the year ended December 31, 2013 are due primarily due to drilling of new wells and from new proved undeveloped locations adding during the year.

        The prices used for estimating proved reserves of December 31, 2013 crude oil, natural gas and NGLs reserves are $86.78 per one barrel ( "bbl" ), $3.50 per one thousand cubic feet ( "MCF" ) and $28.92 per bbl, respectively. These prices were based on the unweighted arithmetic average of the first-day-of-the-month price for the 12 months prior to December 31, 2013. The crude oil and NGL pricing was based off the West Texas Intermediate price and the natural gas pricing was based on the Henry Hub Natural Gas price. All prices have been adjusted for transportation, quality and basis differentials.

        As of March 31, 2014, the May 2014 Properties Acquired had estimated proved reserves of 2,264 Mbbl of crude oil, 4,952 MMcf of natural gas and 556 Mbbl of NGLs with a standardized measure of $114.3 million. The May 2014 Properties Acquired reserves are comprised of 62% crude oil, 23% natural gas and 15% NGLs on an energy equivalent basis.

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NOTES TO THE STATEMENTS OF REVENUES AND DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES (Continued)

6. SUPPLEMENTAL OIL AND GAS RESERVE INFORMATION (UNAUDITED): (Continued)

        The prices used for estimating proved reserves of March 31, 2014 crude oil, natural gas and NGLs reserves are $88.30 per bbl, $3.81 per Mcf and $29.37 per bbl, respectively. These prices were based on the unweighted arithmetic average of the first-day-of-the-month price for the 12 months prior to March 31, 2014. The crude oil and NGL pricing was based off the West Texas Intermediate price and the natural gas pricing was based on the Henry Hub Natural Gas price. All prices have been adjusted for transportation, quality and basis differentials.

        The May 2014 Properties Acquired future net cash flows relating to proved oil and gas reserves based on the standardized measure prescribed in ASC Topic 932 are:

 
  December 31,
2013
  March 31,
2014
 
 
  (in thousands)
 

Future crude oil, natural gas and NGL sales

  $ 239,528   $ 235,140  

Future production costs

    (50,633 )   (51,795 )

Future development costs

    (17,785 )    

Future net cash flows

    171,110     183,345  

10% annual discount

    (69,004 )   (69,074 )

Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows

  $ 102,106   $ 114,271  

        The principal sources of change in the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows are:

 
  December 31,
2013
  March 31,
2014
 
 
  (in thousands)
 

Balance at beginning of period

  $ 4,509   $ 102,106  

Sales of crude oil, natural gas and NGLs

    (10,410 )   (7,728 )

Net change in prices and production costs

    1,727     1,525  

Extensions and discoveries

    97,794     130  

Revisions of previous quantity estimates

    6,029     30  

Previously estimated development costs incurred

        17,785  

Accretion of discount

    451     2,553  

Other

    2,006     (2,130 )

Balance at end of period

  $ 102,106   $ 114,271  

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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Members
Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC

        We have audited the accompanying statements of revenues and direct operating expenses of properties acquired by Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 (the "Statements"). The Statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Statements based on our audit.

        We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the Statements are free of material misstatement. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the Statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall Statements presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

        The accompanying Statements were prepared for the purpose of complying with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission as described in Note 1 and is not intended to be a complete presentation of the properties' revenues and expenses.

        In our opinion, the Statements referred to above presents fairly, in all material respects, the revenues and direct operating expenses of properties acquired by Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Hein & Associates LLP
Denver, Colorado
June 4, 2015

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STATEMENTS OF REVENUES AND DIRECT OPERATING
EXPENSES OF JULY 2014 PROPERTIES ACQUIRED BY EXTRACTION OIL & GAS, LLC

 
  For the Years Ended   For the Six-Month
Periods Ended
 
 
  December 31,
2013
  December 31,
2012
  June 30,
2014
  June 30,
2013
 
 
  (in thousands)
 
 
   
   
  (unaudited)
 

Revenues:

                         

Oil sales

  $ 11,426   $ 4,291   $ 7,132   $ 4,635  

Natural gas sales

    1,282     926     978     562  

NGL sales

    597     80     607     197  

Total revenues

    13,305     5,297     8,717     5,394  

Direct Operating Expenses:

                         

Lease operating expense

    2,289     344     1,480     1,059  

Production taxes

    1,319     510     726     568  

Total direct operating expenses

    3,608     854     2,206     1,627  

Revenues in Excess of Direct Operating Expenses

  $ 9,697   $ 4,443   $ 6,511   $ 3,767  

   

SEE THE ACCOMPANYING NOTES TO THE STATEMENT OF REVENUES AND
DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES

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NOTES TO THE STATEMENTS OF REVENUES AND DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES

1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION:

        On May 23, 2014, Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC (the "Company"), entered into a definitive purchase and sale agreement (the "Sundance Agreement") with Sundance Energy Inc. (the "Seller"), under which the Company agreed to acquire interests in approximately 9,000 net acres of leaseholds, and related producing properties located primarily in Weld County, Colorado (the "July 2014 Properties Acquired"), along with various other related rights, permits, contracts, equipment and other assets. The Seller received aggregate consideration of approximately $113.4 million in cash. The closing of the acquisition of the July 2014 Properties Acquired was on July 28, 2014.

        The accompanying Statements of Revenues and Direct Operating Expenses (the "Statements") are presented on an accrual basis of accounting and relate to the operations of the July 2014 Properties Acquired and have been derived from the historical accounting records. Certain costs such as depreciation, depletion, and amortization, accretion of asset retirement obligations, general and administrative expenses, interest and corporate income taxes are omitted. As such, this financial information is not intended to be a complete presentation of the revenues and expenses of the July 2014 Properties Acquired. Furthermore, the information may not be representative of future operations due to changes in the business and the exclusion of the omitted information.

        The financial information for the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013 is unaudited. In the opinion of management, this information contains all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring accruals necessary for fair statements of the revenues and direct operating expenses for the periods presented in accordance with the indicated basis of presentation. The revenues and direct operating expenses for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the revenues and direct operating expenses for the full fiscal year.

2. USE OF ESTIMATES IN PREPARATION OF THE STATEMENTS OF REVENUES AND DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES:

        The preparation of these Statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues and direct operating expenses during the respective reporting periods. Actual results may differ from the estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of the Statements.

3. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES:

        Pursuant to the terms of the Sundance Agreement, there are no known claims, litigation or disputes pending as of the effective date of the Sundance Agreement, or any matters arising in connection with indemnification, and the parties to the Sundance Agreement are not aware of any legal, environmental or other commitments or contingencies that would have a material adverse effect on the Statements.

4. REVENUE RECOGNITION:

        Revenues from the sale of oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids ("NGLs") are recognized when the product is delivered at a fixed or determinable price, title has transferred, and collectability is reasonably assured and evidenced by a contract. The Company recognizes revenues from the sale of oil, natural gas and NGL's using the sales method of accounting, whereby revenue is recorded based on the Company's share of volume sold, regardless of whether the Company has taken its proportional share of volume produced. A receivable or liability is recognized only to the extent that the Company has an

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NOTES TO THE STATEMENTS OF REVENUES AND DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES (Continued)

4. REVENUE RECOGNITION: (Continued)

imbalance on a specific property greater than the expected remaining proved reserves. There were no gas imbalances at December 31, 2013 and 2012 and June 30, 2014 and 2013.

5. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS:

        In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 855, we have evaluated subsequent events through June 4, 2015, the date of the accompanying statements of revenues and direct operating expenses were available to be issued. There were no material subsequent events that required recognition or additional disclosure in the accompanying statements of revenues and direct operating expenses.

6. SUPPLEMENTAL OIL AND GAS RESERVE INFORMATION (UNAUDITED):

        Estimates of proved reserves are inherently imprecise and are continually subject to revision based on production history, results of additional exploration and development, price changes and other factors. All of the July 2014 Properties Acquired proved reserves are located in the continental United States.

        Guidelines prescribed in Financial Accounting Standards Board's ("FASB") Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 932. Extractive Industries—Oil and Gas , have been followed for computing a standardized measure of future net cash flows and changes therein relating to estimated proved reserves. Future cash inflows and future production and development costs are determined by applying prices and costs, including transportation, quality, and basis differentials, to the year-end estimated quantities of oil and gas to be produced in the future. The resulting future net cash flows are reduced to present value amounts by applying a ten percent annual discount factor. Future operating costs are determined based on estimates of expenditures to be incurred in producing the proved oil and gas reserves in place at the end of the period using year-end costs and assuming continuation of existing economic conditions, plus overhead incurred. Future development costs are determined based on estimates of capital expenditures to be incurred in developing proved oil and gas reserves.

        The assumptions used to compute the standardized measure are those prescribed by the FASB and the SEC. These assumptions do not necessarily reflect the Company's expectations of actual revenues to be derived from those reserves, nor their present value. The limitations inherent in the reserve quantity estimation process, as discussed previously, are equally applicable to the standardized measure computations since these reserve quantity estimates are the basis for the valuation process. The Company emphasizes that reserve estimates are inherently imprecise and that estimates of new discoveries and undeveloped locations are more imprecise than estimates of established proved producing oil and gas properties. Accordingly, these estimates are expected to change as future information becomes available. The standardized measure excludes income taxes as the Company is a limited liability company and not subject to income taxes.

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NOTES TO THE STATEMENTS OF REVENUES AND DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES (Continued)

6. SUPPLEMENTAL OIL AND GAS RESERVE INFORMATION (UNAUDITED): (Continued)

        The changes in the July 2014 Properties Acquired proved (i.e., proved developed and undeveloped) reserves for the year ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 are:

 
  Crude Oil
(Mbbl)
  Natural Gas
(MMcf)
  NGL
(Mbbl)
 

January 1, 2012

    1,060     3,386     380  

Revisions

    (17 )   61     (19 )

Production

    (50 )   (255 )   (2 )

December 31, 2012

    993     3,192     359  

Revisions

    (94 )   (9 )   (21 )

Production

    (126 )   (313 )   (16 )

December 31, 2013

    773     2,870     322  

Proved developed reserves, included above

                   

December 31, 2012

    308     1,552     175  

December 31, 2013

    401     1,634     184  

Proved undeveloped reserves, included above

                   

December 31, 2012

    685     1,640     184  

December 31, 2013

    372     1,236     138  

        As of December 31, 2012, the July 2014 Properties Acquired had estimated proved reserves of 993 one thousand barrels ("Mbbl") of crude oil, 3,192 one million cubic feet ("MMcf") of natural gas and 359 Mbbl of NGLs with a standardized measure of $26.8 million. The July 2014 Properties Acquired reserves are comprised of 53% crude oil, 28% natural gas and 19% NGLs on an energy equivalent basis.

        The prices used for estimating proved reserves of December 31, 2012 crude oil, natural gas and NGLs reserves are $84.71 per one barrel ("bbl"), $2.63 per one thousand cubic feet ("Mcf") and $28.30 per bbl, respectively. These prices were based on the unweighted arithmetic average of the first-day-of-the-month price for the 12 months prior to December 31, 2012. The crude oil and NGL pricing was based off the West Texas Intermediate price and the natural gas pricing was based on the Henry Hub Natural Gas price. All prices have been adjusted for transportation, quality and basis differentials.

        As of December 31, 2013, the July 2014 Properties Acquired had estimated proved reserves of 773 Mbbl of crude oil, 2,870 MMcf of natural gas and 322 Mbbl of NGLs with a standardized measure of $27.9 million. The July 2014 Properties Acquired reserves are comprised of 50% crude oil, 30% natural gas and 20% NGLs on an energy equivalent basis.

        The prices used for estimating proved reserves of December 31, 2013 crude oil, natural gas and NGLs reserves are $86.91 per bbl, $3.50 per Mcf and $28.96 per bbl, respectively. These prices were based on the unweighted arithmetic average of the first-day-of-the-month price for the 12 months prior to December 31, 2013. The crude oil and NGL pricing was based off the West Texas Intermediate price and the natural gas pricing was based on the Henry Hub Natural Gas price. All prices have been adjusted for transportation, quality and basis differentials.

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NOTES TO THE STATEMENTS OF REVENUES AND DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES (Continued)

6. SUPPLEMENTAL OIL AND GAS RESERVE INFORMATION (UNAUDITED): (Continued)

        The following summary sets forth the July 2014 Properties Acquired future net cash flows relating to proved oil and gas reserves based on the standardized measure prescribed in ASC Topic 932 are:

 
  December 31,
2013
  December 31,
2012
 
 
  (in thousands)
 

Future crude oil, natural gas and NGL sales

  $ 86,614   $ 102,707  

Future production costs

    (24,124 )   (27,057 )

Future development costs

    (12,834 )   (22,446 )

Future net cash flows

    49,656     53,204  

10% annual discount

    (21,724 )   (26,417 )

Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows

  $ 27,932   $ 26,787  

        The principal sources of change in the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows are:

 
  December 31,
2013
  December 31,
2012
 
 
  (in thousands)
 

Balance at beginning of period

  $ 26,787   $ 23,896  

Sales of crude oil, natural gas and NGLs

    (9,697 )   (4,443 )

Net change in prices and production costs

    1,565     (2,390 )

Net changes in future development costs

    1,774     1,159  

Revisions of previous quantity estimates

    (1,656 )   (309 )

Previously estimated development costs incurred

    6,088     6,168  

Accretion of discount

    2,679     2,390  

Other

    392     316  

Balance at end of period

  $ 27,932   $ 26,787  

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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Members
Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC

        We have audited the accompanying statements of revenues and direct operating expenses of properties acquired by Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 (the "Statements"). The Statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Statements based on our audit.

        We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the Statements are free of material misstatement. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the Statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall Statements presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

        The accompanying Statements were prepared for the purpose of complying with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission as described in Note 1 and is not intended to be a complete presentation of the properties' revenues and expenses.

        In our opinion, the Statements referred to above presents fairly, in all material respects, the revenues and direct operating expenses of properties acquired by Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Hein & Associates LLP
Denver, Colorado
June 4, 2015

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STATEMENTS OF REVENUES AND DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES
OF AUGUST 2014 PROPERTIES ACQUIRED BY EXTRACTION OIL & GAS, LLC

 
  For the Years Ended   For the Six-Month
Periods Ended
 
 
  December 31,
2013
  December 31,
2012
  June 30,
2014
  June 30,
2013
 
 
  (in thousands)
 
 
   
   
  (unaudited)
 

Revenues:

                         

Oil sales

  $ 11,483   $ 4,682   $ 7,337   $ 6,135  

Natural gas sales

    2,597     1,799     2,148     1,410  

NGL sales

    2,240     1,933     1,864     1,234  

Total revenues

    16,320     8,414     11,349     8,779  

Direct Operating Expenses:

                         

Lease operating expense

    2,268     812     820     1,223  

Production taxes

    1,066     455     802     569  

Total direct operating expenses

    3,334     1,267     1,622     1,792  

Revenues in Excess of Direct Operating Expenses

  $ 12,986   $ 7,147   $ 9,727   $ 6,987  

   

SEE THE ACCOMPANYING NOTES TO THE STATEMENTS OF REVENUES AND DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES

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NOTES TO THE STATEMENTS OF REVENUES AND DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES

1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION:

        On June 16, 2014, Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC (the "Company"), entered into a definitive purchase and sale agreement (the "Mineral Agreement") with Mineral Resources, Inc. and Richmark Energy Partners, LLC (collectively, the "Seller"), under which the Company agreed to acquire interests in approximately 6,400 net acres of leaseholds, and related producing properties located primarily in Weld County, Colorado (the "August 2014 Properties Acquired"), along with various other related rights, permits, contracts, equipment and other assets. The Seller received aggregate consideration of approximately $297.1 million in cash. The effective date for the acquisition was March 1, 2014, with purchase price adjustments calculated as of the closing date on August 21, 2014.

        The accompanying Statements of Revenues and Direct Operating Expenses (the "Statements") are presented on an accrual basis of accounting and relate to the operations of the August 2014 Properties Acquired and have been derived from the historical accounting records. Certain costs such as depreciation, depletion, and amortization, accretion of asset retirement obligations, general and administrative expenses, interest and corporate income taxes are omitted. As such, this financial information is not intended to be a complete presentation of the revenues and expenses of the August 2014 Properties Acquired. Furthermore, the information may not be representative of future operations due to changes in the business and the exclusion of the omitted information.

        The financial information for the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013 is unaudited. In the opinion of management, this information contains all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring accruals necessary for fair statements of the revenues and direct operating expenses for the periods presented in accordance with the indicated basis of presentation. The revenues and direct operating expenses for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the revenues and direct operating expenses for the full fiscal year.

2. USE OF ESTIMATES IN PREPARATION OF THE STATEMENTS OF REVENUES AND DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES:

        The preparation of these Statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues and direct operating expenses during the respective reporting periods. Actual results may differ from the estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of the Statements.

3. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES:

        Pursuant to the terms of the Mineral Agreement, there are no known claims, litigation or disputes pending as of the effective date of the Mineral Agreement, or any matters arising in connection with indemnification, and the parties to the Mineral Agreement are not aware of any legal, environmental or other commitments or contingencies that would have a material adverse effect on the Statements.

4. REVENUE RECOGNITION:

        Revenues from the sale of oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids ("NGLs") are recognized when the product is delivered at a fixed or determinable price, title has transferred, and collectability is reasonably assured and evidenced by a contract. The Company recognizes revenues from the sale of oil, natural gas and NGL's using the sales method of accounting, whereby revenue is recorded based on the Company's share of volume sold, regardless of whether the Company has taken its proportional share of volume produced. A receivable or liability is recognized only to the extent that the Company has an

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NOTES TO THE STATEMENTS OF REVENUES AND DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES (Continued)

4. REVENUE RECOGNITION: (Continued)

imbalance on a specific property greater than the expected remaining proved reserves. There were no gas imbalances at December 31, 2013 and 2012 and June 30, 2014 and 2013.

5. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS:

        In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 855, we have evaluated subsequent events through June 4, 2015, the date of the accompanying statements of revenues and direct operating expenses were available to be issued. There were no material subsequent events that required recognition or additional disclosure in the accompanying statements of revenues and direct operating expenses.

6. SUPPLEMENTAL OIL AND GAS RESERVE INFORMATION (UNAUDITED):

        Estimates of proved reserves are inherently imprecise and are continually subject to revision based on production history, results of additional exploration and development, price changes and other factors. All of the August 2014 Properties Acquired proved reserves are located in the continental United States.

        Guidelines prescribed in Financial Accounting Standards Board's ("FASB") Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 932. Extractive Industries—Oil and Gas, have been followed for computing a standardized measure of future net cash flows and changes therein relating to estimated proved reserves. Future cash inflows and future production and development costs are determined by applying prices and costs, including transportation, quality, and basis differentials, to the year-end estimated quantities of oil and gas to be produced in the future. The resulting future net cash flows are reduced to present value amounts by applying a ten percent annual discount factor. Future operating costs are determined based on estimates of expenditures to be incurred in producing the proved oil and gas reserves in place at the end of the period using year-end costs and assuming continuation of existing economic conditions, plus overhead incurred. Future development costs are determined based on estimates of capital expenditures to be incurred in developing proved oil and gas reserves.

        The assumptions used to compute the standardized measure are those prescribed by the FASB and the SEC. These assumptions do not necessarily reflect the Company's expectations of actual revenues to be derived from those reserves, nor their present value. The limitations inherent in the reserve quantity estimation process, as discussed previously, are equally applicable to the standardized measure computations since these reserve quantity estimates are the basis for the valuation process. The Company emphasizes that reserve estimates are inherently imprecise and that estimates of new discoveries and undeveloped locations are more imprecise than estimates of established proved producing oil and gas properties. Accordingly, these estimates are expected to change as future information becomes available. The standardized measure excludes income taxes as the Company is a limited liability company and not subject to income taxes.

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NOTES TO THE STATEMENTS OF REVENUES AND DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES (Continued)

6. SUPPLEMENTAL OIL AND GAS RESERVE INFORMATION (UNAUDITED): (Continued)

        The changes in the August 2014 Properties Acquired proved (i.e., proved developed and undeveloped) reserves for the year ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 are:

 
  Crude Oil
(Mbbl)
  Natural Gas
(MMcf)
  NGLs
(Mbbl)
 

January 1, 2012

    1,522     11,262     1,265  

Revisions

    (43 )   (737 )   (138 )

Production

    (55 )   (717 )   (27 )

December 31, 2012

    1,424     9,808     1,100  

Revisions

    (30 )   (355 )   (81 )

Production

    (127 )   (748 )   (40 )

December 31, 2013

    1,267     8,705     979  

Proved developed reserves, included above

                   

December 31, 2012

    375     5,259     589  

December 31, 2013

    506     5,826     655  

Proved undeveloped reserves, included above

                   

December 31, 2012

    1,049     4,549     511  

December 31, 2013

    761     2,879     324  

        As of December 31, 2012, the August 2014 Properties Acquired had estimated proved reserves of 1,424 one thousand barrels ("Mbbl") of crude oil, 9,808 one million cubic feet ("MMcf") of natural gas and 1,100 Mbbl of NGLs with a standardized measure of $64.4 million. The August 2014 Properties Acquired reserves are comprised of 34% crude oil, 39% natural gas and 27% NGLs on an energy equivalent basis.

        The prices used for estimating proved reserves of December 31, 2012 crude oil, natural gas and NGLs reserves are $84.71 per one barrel ("bbl"), $2.63 per one thousand cubic feet ("Mcf") and $28.30 per bbl, respectively. These prices were based on the unweighted arithmetic average of the first-day-of-the-month price for the 12 months prior to December 31, 2012. The crude oil and NGL pricing was based off the West Texas Intermediate price and the natural gas pricing was based on the Henry Hub Natural Gas price. All prices have been adjusted for transportation, quality and basis differentials.

        As of December 31, 2013, the August 2014 Properties Acquired had estimated proved reserves of 1,267 Mbbl of crude oil, 8,705 MMcf of natural gas and 979 Mbbl of NGLs with a standardized measure of $68.1 million. The August 2014 Properties Acquired reserves are comprised of 34% crude oil, 39% natural gas and 27% NGLs on an energy equivalent basis.

        The prices used for estimating proved reserves of December 31, 2013 crude oil, natural gas and NGLs reserves are $86.91 per bbl, $3.50 per Mcf and $28.96 per bbl, respectively. These prices were based on the unweighted arithmetic average of the first-day-of-the-month price for the 12 months prior to December 31, 2013. The crude oil and NGL pricing was based off the West Texas Intermediate price and the natural gas pricing was based on the Henry Hub Natural Gas price. All prices have been adjusted for transportation, quality and basis differentials.

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NOTES TO THE STATEMENTS OF REVENUES AND DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES (Continued)

6. SUPPLEMENTAL OIL AND GAS RESERVE INFORMATION (UNAUDITED): (Continued)

        The August 2014 Properties Acquired future net cash flows relating to proved oil and gas reserves based on the standardized measure prescribed in ASC Topic 932 are:

 
  December 31,
2013
  December 31,
2012
 
 
  (in thousands)
 

Future crude oil, natural gas and NGLs sales

  $ 168,953   $ 177,628  

Future production costs

    (38,169 )   (39,166 )

Future development costs

    (9,605 )   (16,843 )

Future net cash flows

    121,179     121,619  

10% annual discount

    (53,067 )   (57,219 )

Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows

  $ 68,112   $ 64,400  

        The principal sources of change in the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows are:

 
  December 31,
2013
  December 31,
2012
 
 
  (in thousands)
 

Balance at beginning of period

  $ 64,400   $ 72,836  

Sales of crude oil, natural gas and NGLs

    (12,986 )   (7,147 )

Net change in prices and production costs

    7,364     (5,335 )

Revisions of previous quantity estimates

    (2,648 )   (4,747 )

Previously estimated development costs incurred

    7,239     3,845  

Accretion of discount

    6,440     7,284  

Other

    (1,697 )   (2,336 )

Balance at end of period

  $ 68,112   $ 64,400  

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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Members

Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC

        We have audited the accompanying statements of revenues and direct operating expenses of properties acquired by Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC for the nine months ended September 30, 2014 and the year ended December 31, 2013 (the "Statements"). The Statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Statements based on our audits.

        We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the Statements are free of material misstatement. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the Statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall Statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

        The accompanying Statements were prepared for the purpose of complying with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission as described in Note 1 and is not intended to be a complete presentation of the properties' revenues and expenses.

        In our opinion, the Statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the revenues and direct operating expenses of properties acquired by Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC for the nine months ended September 30, 2014 and the year ended December 31, 2013 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Hein & Associates LLP
Denver, Colorado
June 4, 2015

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STATEMENTS OF REVENUES AND DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES
OF OCTOBER 2014 PROPERTIES ACQUIRED BY EXTRACTION OIL & GAS, LLC

 
   
  For the Nine-Month Periods
Ended
 
 
  For the Year
Ended
December 31,
2013
 
 
  September 30,
2014
  September 30,
2013
 
 
   
   
  (in thousands)
(unaudited)

 

Revenues:

                   

Oil sales

  $ 585   $ 746   $ 394  

Natural gas sales

    21     34     13  

NGL sales

    2     1     1  

Total revenues

    608     781     408  

Direct Operating Expenses:

                   

Lease operating expense

    52     133     37  

Production taxes

    54     68     36  

Total direct operating expenses

    106     201     73  

Revenues in Excess of Direct Operating Expenses

  $ 502   $ 580   $ 335  

   

SEE THE ACCOMPANYING NOTES TO THE STATEMENTS OF
REVENUES AND DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES

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NOTES TO THE STATEMENTS OF REVENUES AND DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES

1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION:

        On August 20, 2014, Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC (the "Company"), entered into a definitive purchase and sale agreement (the "Bayswater Agreement") with Bayswater Exploration &Production, LLC, Bayswater Blenheim Holdings, LLC and Bayswater Blenheim Holdings II, LLC (collectively, the "Seller"), under which the Company agreed to acquire interests in 29 producing properties located primarily in Weld County, Colorado (the "October 2014 Properties Acquired"), along with various other related rights, permits, contracts and equipment. The Seller received aggregate consideration of approximately $1.3 million in cash. Additionally, as part of the Bayswater Agreement, the Company acquired unproved acreage located primarily in Weld County, Colorado for approximately $76.5 million. The effective date for the acquisition was July 1, 2014, with purchase price adjustments calculated as of the closing date on October 15, 2014.

        The accompanying Statements of Revenues and Direct Operating Expenses (the "Statements") are presented on an accrual basis of accounting and relate to the operations of the October 2014 Properties Acquired and have been derived from the historical accounting records. Certain costs such as depreciation, depletion, and amortization, accretion of asset retirement obligations, general and administrative expenses, interest and corporate income taxes are omitted. As such, this financial information is not intended to be a complete presentation of the revenues and expenses of the October 2014 Properties Acquired. Furthermore, the information may not be representative of future operations due to changes in the business and the exclusion of the omitted information.

        The financial information for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2013 is unaudited. In the opinion of management, this information contains all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring accruals necessary for fair statements of the revenues and direct operating expenses for the periods presented in accordance with the indicated basis of presentation. The revenues and direct operating expenses for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the revenues and direct operating expenses for the full fiscal year.

2. USE OF ESTIMATES IN PREPARATION OF THE STATEMENTS OF REVENUES AND DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES:

        The preparation of these Statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues and direct operating expenses during the respective reporting periods. Actual results may differ from the estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of the Statements.

3. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES:

        Pursuant to the terms of the Bayswater Agreement, there are no known claims, litigation or disputes pending as of the effective date of the Bayswater Agreement, or any matters arising in connection with indemnification, and the parties to the Bayswater Agreement are not aware of any legal, environmental or other commitments or contingencies that would have a material adverse effect on the Statements.

4. REVENUE RECOGNITION:

        Revenues from the sale of oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids ("NGLs") are recognized when the product is delivered at a fixed or determinable price, title has transferred, and collectability is reasonably assured and evidenced by a contract. The Company recognizes revenues from the sale of oil,

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NOTES TO THE STATEMENTS OF REVENUES AND DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES (Continued)

4. REVENUE RECOGNITION: (Continued)

natural gas and NGL's using the sales method of accounting, whereby revenue is recorded based on the Company's share of volume sold, regardless of whether the Company has taken its proportional share of volume produced. A receivable or liability is recognized only to the extent that the Company has an imbalance on a specific property greater than the expected remaining proved reserves. There were no gas imbalances at December 31, 2013 and September 30, 2014 and 2013.

5. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS:

        In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 855, we have evaluated subsequent events through June 4, 2015, the date of the accompanying statements of revenues and direct operating expenses were available to be issued. There were no material subsequent events that required recognition or additional disclosure in the accompanying statements of revenues and direct operating expenses.

6. SUPPLEMENTAL OIL AND GAS RESERVE INFORMATION (UNAUDITED):

        Estimates of proved reserves are inherently imprecise and are continually subject to revision based on production history, results of additional exploration and development, price changes and other factors. All of the October 2014 Properties Acquired proved reserves are located in the continental United States.

        Guidelines prescribed in Financial Accounting Standards Board's ("FASB") Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 932. Extractive Industries—Oil and Gas, have been followed for computing a standardized measure of future net cash flows and changes therein relating to estimated proved reserves. Future cash inflows and future production and development costs are determined by applying prices and costs, including transportation, quality, and basis differentials, to the year-end estimated quantities of oil and gas to be produced in the future. The resulting future net cash flows are reduced to present value amounts by applying a ten percent annual discount factor. Future operating costs are determined based on estimates of expenditures to be incurred in producing the proved oil and gas reserves in place at the end of the period using year-end costs and assuming continuation of existing economic conditions, plus overhead incurred. Future development costs are determined based on estimates of capital expenditures to be incurred in developing proved oil and gas reserves.

        The assumptions used to compute the standardized measure are those prescribed by the FASB and the SEC. These assumptions do not necessarily reflect the Company's expectations of actual revenues to be derived from those reserves, nor their present value. The limitations inherent in the reserve quantity estimation process, as discussed previously, are equally applicable to the standardized measure computations since these reserve quantity estimates are the basis for the valuation process. The Company emphasizes that reserve estimates are inherently imprecise and that estimates of new discoveries and undeveloped locations are more imprecise than estimates of established proved producing oil and gas properties. Accordingly, these estimates are expected to change as future information becomes available. The standardized measure excludes income taxes as the Company is a limited liability company and not subject to income taxes.

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NOTES TO THE STATEMENTS OF REVENUES AND DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES (Continued)

6. SUPPLEMENTAL OIL AND GAS RESERVE INFORMATION (UNAUDITED): (Continued)

        The changes in the October 2014 Properties Acquired proved (i.e., proved developed and undeveloped) reserves for the nine months ended September 30, 2014 and the year ended December 31, 2013 are:

 
  Crude Oil
(Mbbl)
  Natural Gas
(MMcf)
  NGLs
(Mbbl)
 

January 1, 2013

    259     277     31  

Revisions

    8         (1 )

Production

    (7 )   (5 )    

December 31, 2013

    260     272     30  

Extensions, discoveries, and other additions

    1,158     2,907     327  

Revisions

    44     46     5  

Production

    (8 )   (7 )    

September 30, 2014

    1,454     3,218     362  

Proved developed reserves, included above

                   

December 31, 2012

    131     109     12  

September 30, 2014

    296     311     35  

Proved undeveloped reserves, included above

                   

December 31, 2012

    129     163     18  

September 30, 2014

    1,158     2,907     327  

        As of December 31, 2013, the October 2014 Properties Acquired had estimated proved reserves of 260 one thousand barrels ("Mbbl") of crude oil, 272 one million cubic feet ("MMcf") of natural gas and 30 Mbbl of NGLs with a standardized measure of $7.7 million. The October 2014 Properties Acquired reserves are comprised of 77% crude oil, 14% natural gas and 9% NGLs on an energy equivalent basis.

        The prices used for estimating proved reserves of December 31, 2013 crude oil, natural gas and NGLs reserves are $83.42 per one barrel ("bbl"), $3.51 per one thousand cubic feet ("MCF") and $27.93 per bbl, respectively. These prices were based on the unweighted arithmetic average of the first-day-of-the-month price for the 12 months prior to December 31, 2013. The crude oil and NGL pricing was based off the West Texas Intermediate price and the natural gas pricing was based on the Henry Hub Natural Gas price. All prices have been adjusted for transportation, quality and basis differentials.

        As of September 30, 2014, the October 2014 Properties Acquired had estimated proved reserves of 1,454 Mbbl of crude oil, 3,218 MMcf of natural gas and 362 Mbbl of NGLs with a standardized measure of $28.9 million. The October 2014 Properties Acquired reserves are comprised of 62% crude oil, 23% natural gas and 15% NGLs on an energy equivalent basis.

        The prices used for estimating proved reserves of September 30, 2014 crude oil, natural gas and NGLs reserves are $89.08 per bbl, $4.05 per MCF and $29.63 per bbl, respectively. These prices were based on the unweighted arithmetic average of the first-day-of-the-month price for the 12 months prior to September 30, 2014. The crude oil and NGL pricing was based off the West Texas Intermediate

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NOTES TO THE STATEMENTS OF REVENUES AND DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES (Continued)

6. SUPPLEMENTAL OIL AND GAS RESERVE INFORMATION (UNAUDITED): (Continued)

price and the natural gas pricing was based on the Henry Hub Natural Gas price. All prices have been adjusted for transportation, quality and basis differentials.

        The October 2014 Properties Acquired future net cash flows relating to proved oil and gas reserves based on the standardized measure prescribed in ASC Topic 932 are:

 
  December 31,
2013
  September 30,
2014
 
 
  (in thousands)
 

Future crude oil, natural gas and NGLs sales

  $ 23,554   $ 153,245  

Future production costs

    (7,183 )   (47,510 )

Future development costs

    (2,619 )   (46,298 )

Future net cash flows

    13,752     59,437  

10% annual discount

    (6,075 )   (30,563 )

Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows

  $ 7,677   $ 28,874  

        The principal sources of change in the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows are:

 
  December 31,
2013
  September 30,
2014
 
 
  (in thousands)
 

Balance at beginning of period

  $ 4,517   $ 7,677  

Sales of crude oil, natural gas and NGLs

    (502 )   (580 )

Net change in prices and production costs

    219     336  

Extensions and discoveries

        17,093  

Revisions of previous quantity estimates

    185     689  

Previously estimated development costs incurred

    3,274     2,619  

Accretion of discount

    452     768  

Other

    (468 )   272  

Balance at end of period

  $ 7,677   $ 28,874  

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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Members

Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC

        We have audited the accompanying statement of revenues and direct operating expenses of properties acquired by Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC for the year ended December 31, 2014 (the "Statement"). The Statement is the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Statement based on our audit.

        We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the Statement is free of material misstatement. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the Statement, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the Statement. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

        The accompanying Statement was prepared for the purpose of complying with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission as described in Note 1 and is not intended to be a complete presentation of the properties' revenues and expenses.

        In our opinion, the Statement referred to above presents fairly, in all material respects, the revenues and direct operating expenses of properties acquired by Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC for the year ended December 31, 2014 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Hein & Associates LLP
Denver, Colorado
August 17, 2015

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STATEMENT OF REVENUES AND DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES
OF MARCH 2015 PROPERTIES ACQUIRED BY EXTRACTION OIL & GAS, LLC

 
  For the Year Ended
December 31, 2014
 
 
  (in thousands)
 

Revenues:

       

Oil sales

  $ 20,050  

Natural gas sales

    7,141  

NGL sales

    275  

Total revenues

    27,466  

Direct Operating Expenses:

       

Lease operating expense

    9,965  

Production taxes

    1,976  

Total direct operating expenses

    11,941  

Revenues in Excess of Direct Operating Expenses

  $ 15,525  

   

SEE THE ACCOMPANYING NOTES TO THE STATEMENTS OF REVENUES AND
DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES

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NOTES TO THE STATEMENT OF REVENUES AND DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES

1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION:

        On October 22, 2014, Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC (the "Company"), entered into a definitive purchase and sale agreement (the "Noble Agreement") with Noble Energy Inc. (the "Seller"), under which the Company agreed to acquire interests in approximately 39,000 net acres of leaseholds, and related producing properties located primarily in Adams, Broomfield, Boulder and Weld Counties, Colorado (the "March 2015 Properties Acquired"), along with various other related rights, permits, contracts, equipment, rights of way, gathering systems and other assets from an unrelated third-party for aggregate cash consideration of approximately $125.0 million. The effective date for the acquisition was January 1, 2014 with purchase price adjustments calculated as of the close date on March 10, 2015.

        The accompanying Statement of Revenues and Direct Operating Expenses (the "Statement") is presented on the accrual basis of accounting and relates to the operations of the March 2015 Properties Acquired and has been derived from the historical accounting records. Certain costs such as depreciation, depletion, and amortization, accretion of asset retirement obligations, general and administrative expenses, interest and corporate income taxes are omitted. As such, this financial information is not intended to be a complete presentation of the revenues and expenses of the March 2015 Properties Acquired. Furthermore, the information may not be representative of future operations due to changes in the business and the exclusion of the omitted information.

        In the opinion of management, this information contains all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring accruals necessary for fair statement of the revenues and direct operating expenses for the period presented in accordance with the indicated basis of presentation.

2. USE OF ESTIMATES IN PREPARATION OF THE STATEMENT OF REVENUES AND DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES:

        The preparation of this Statement in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues and direct operating expenses during the respective reporting periods. Actual results may differ from the estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of the Statement.

3. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES:

        Pursuant to the terms of the Noble Agreement, there are no known claims, litigation or disputes pending as of the effective date of the Noble Agreement, or any matters arising in connection with indemnification, and the parties to the Noble Agreement are not aware of any legal, environmental or other commitments or contingencies that would have a material adverse effect on the Statements.

4. REVENUE RECOGNITION:

        Revenues from the sale of oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids ("NGLs") are recognized when the product is delivered at a fixed or determinable price, title has transferred, and collectability is reasonably assured and evidenced by a contract. The Company recognizes revenues from the sale of oil, natural gas and NGL's using the sales method of accounting, whereby revenue is recorded based on the Company's share of volume sold, regardless of whether the Company has taken its proportional share of volume produced. A receivable or liability is recognized only to the extent that the Company has an imbalance on a specific property greater than the expected remaining proved reserves. There were no gas imbalances at December 31, 2014.

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NOTES TO THE STATEMENT OF REVENUES AND DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES (Continued)

5. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS:

        In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 855, we have evaluated subsequent events through August 3, 2015, the date of the accompanying statements of revenues and direct operating expenses were available to be issued. There were no material subsequent events that required recognition or additional disclosure in the accompanying statements of revenues and direct operating expenses.

6. SUPPLEMENTAL OIL AND GAS RESERVE INFORMATION (unaudited):

        Estimates of proved reserves are inherently imprecise and are continually subject to revision based on production history, results of additional exploration and development, price changes and other factors. All of the March 2015 Properties Acquired proved reserves are located in the continental United States.

        Guidelines prescribed in Financial Accounting Standards Board's ("FASB") Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 932. Extractive Industries—Oil and Gas, have been followed for computing a standardized measure of future net cash flows and changes therein relating to estimated proved reserves. Future cash inflows and future production and development costs are determined by applying prices and costs, including transportation, quality, and basis differentials, to the year-end estimated quantities of oil and gas to be produced in the future. The resulting future net cash flows are reduced to present value amounts by applying a ten percent annual discount factor. Future operating costs are determined based on estimates of expenditures to be incurred in producing the proved oil and gas reserves in place at the end of the period using year-end costs and assuming continuation of existing economic conditions, plus overhead incurred. Future development costs are determined based on estimates of capital expenditures to be incurred in developing proved oil and gas reserves.

        The assumptions used to compute the standardized measure are those prescribed by the FASB and the SEC. These assumptions do not necessarily reflect the Company's expectations of actual revenues to be derived from those reserves, nor their present value. The limitations inherent in the reserve quantity estimation process, as discussed previously, are equally applicable to the standardized measure computations since these reserve quantity estimates are the basis for the valuation process. The Company emphasizes that reserve estimates are inherently imprecise and that estimates of new discoveries and undeveloped locations are more imprecise than estimates of established proved producing oil and gas properties. Accordingly, these estimates are expected to change as future information becomes available. The standardized measure excludes income taxes as the Company is a limited liability company and not subject to income taxes.

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NOTES TO THE STATEMENT OF REVENUES AND DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES (Continued)

6. SUPPLEMENTAL OIL AND GAS RESERVE INFORMATION (unaudited): (Continued)

        The changes in the March 2015 Properties Acquired proved (i.e., proved developed and undeveloped) reserves for the year ended December 31, 2014 are:

 
  (Mbbl)
Crude Oil
  (MMcf)
Natural Gas
  (Mbbl)
NGLs
 

December 31, 2013

    905     9,551     1,116  

Extensions, discoveries, and other additions

    187     654     76  

Revisions

    55     588     (113 )

Production

    (228 )   (1,605 )   (5 )

December 31, 2014

    919     9,188     1,074  

Proved developed reserves, included above:

                   

December 31, 2013

    905     9,551     1,116  

December 31, 2014

    919     9,188     1,074  

Proved undeveloped reserves, included above:

                   

December 31, 2013

             

December 31, 2014

             

        As of December 31, 2014, the March 2015 Properties Acquired had estimated proved reserves of 919 one thousand barrels ("Mbbl") of crude oil, 9,188 one million cubic feet ("MMcf") of natural gas and 1,074 Mbbl of NGLs with a standardized measure of $58.1 million. The March 2015 Properties Acquired reserves are comprised of 26% crude oil, 43% natural gas and 31% NGLs on an energy equivalent basis.

        The following values for the crude oil, natural gas and NGLs reserves are $84.99 per one barrel ("bbl"), $4.26 per one thousand cubic feet ("Mcf") and $33.47 per bbl, respectively. These prices were based on the 12 month arithmetic average first of month price January through December 31, 2014. The crude oil and NGL pricing was based off the West Texas Intermediate price and the natural gas pricing was based on the Henry Hub Natural Gas price. All prices have been adjusted for transportation, quality and basis differentials.

        The March 2015 Properties Acquired future net cash flows relating to proved oil and gas reserves based on the standardized measure prescribed in ASC Topic 932 are:

 
  December 31,
2014
 
 
  (in thousands)
 

Future crude oil, natural gas and NGLs sales

  $ 153,173  

Future production costs

    (59,225 )

Future net cash flows

    93,948  

10% annual discount

    (35,894 )

Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows

  $ 58,054  

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NOTES TO THE STATEMENT OF REVENUES AND DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES (Continued)

6. SUPPLEMENTAL OIL AND GAS RESERVE INFORMATION (unaudited): (Continued)

        The principal sources of change in the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows are:

 
  December 31,
2014
 
 
  (in thousands)
 

Balance at beginning of period

  $ 57,563  

Sales of crude oil, natural gas and NGLs

    (15,525 )

Net change in prices and production costs

    1,078  

Extensions and discoveries

    9,904  

Revisions of previous quantity estimates

    658  

Accretion of discount

    5,756  

Other

    (1,380 )

Balance at end of period

  $ 58,054  

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Bayswater Properties Acquired by Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC

Statements of Operating Revenues
and Direct Operating Expenses

For the Year Ended December 31, 2015 and

the Six-Month Periods Ended June 30, 2016 and 2015

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BAYSWATER PROPERTIES ACQUIRED BY EXTRACTION OIL & GAS, LLC

STATEMENTS OF OPERATING REVENUES AND DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES

INDEX

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Independent Auditors' Report

The Board of Directors
Elgin Energy, LLC:

        We have audited the accompanying Statement of Operating Revenues and Direct Operating Expenses (the Financial Statement) of Bayswater Properties Acquired by Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC for the year ended December 31, 2015, and the related notes.

Management's Responsibility for the Financial Statement

        Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the Financial Statement in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles; this includes the design, implementation, and maintenance of internal control relevant to the preparation and fair presentation of the Financial Statements that is free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

Auditors' Responsibility

        Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Financial Statement based on our audit. We conducted our audit in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the Financial Statement is free from material misstatement.

        An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the Financial Statement. The procedures selected depend on the auditors' judgment, including the assessment of the risks of material misstatement of the Financial Statement, whether due to fraud or error. In making those risk assessments, the auditor considers internal control relevant to the entity's preparation and fair presentation of the Financial Statement in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the entity's internal control. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes evaluating the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of significant accounting estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the Financial Statement.

        We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion.

Opinion

        In our opinion, the Financial Statement referred to above presents fairly, in all material respects, the Statement of Operating Revenues and Direct Operating Expenses of Bayswater Properties Acquired by Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC for the year ended December 31, 2015, in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

Emphasis of Matter

        We draw attention to the basis of presentation in the Financial Statement, which describes that the accompanying Statement of Operating Revenues and Direct Operating Expenses was prepared for the purpose of complying with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission for inclusion in the filing of Form S-1 of Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC and is not intended to be a complete presentation of the Company's revenues and expenses. Our opinion is not modified with respect to this matter.

/s/ KPMG LLP    

Denver, Colorado
August 29, 2016

 

 

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Independent Auditors' Review Report

The Board of Directors
Elgin Energy, LLC:

Report on the Financial Statements

        We have reviewed the accompanying Statements of Operating Revenues and Direct Operating Expenses of Bayswater Properties Acquired by Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC for the six-month periods ended June 30, 2016 and 2015.

Management's Responsibility

        Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the interim financial information in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles; this responsibility includes the design, implementation, and maintenance of internal control sufficient to provide a reasonable basis for the preparation and fair presentation of interim financial information in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

Auditors' Responsibility

        Our responsibility is to conduct our reviews in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America applicable to reviews of interim financial information. A review of interim financial information consists principally of applying analytical procedures and making inquiries of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters. It is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America, the objective of which is the expression of an opinion regarding the financial information. Accordingly, we do not express such an opinion.

Conclusion

        Based on our reviews, we are not aware of any material modifications that should be made to the accompanying interim financial information for it to be in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

Emphasis of Matter

        We draw attention to the basis of presentation in the interim financial information, which describes that the accompanying Statements of Operating Revenues and Direct Operating Expenses were prepared for the purpose of complying with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission for inclusion in the filing of Form S-1 of Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC and are not intended to be a complete presentation of the Company's revenues and expenses.

/s/ KPMG LLP    

Denver, Colorado
August 29, 2016

 

 

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BAYSWATER PROPERTIES ACQUIRED BY EXTRACTION OIL & GAS, LLC

STATEMENTS OF OPERATING REVENUES AND DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES

 
  For the Year
Ended
December 31,
2015
  For the Six-Month Period Ended  
 
  June 30, 2016   June 20, 2015  
 
   
  (unaudited)
 

Operating Revenues:

                   

Oil sales

  $ 10,933,927     23,027,557   $ 1,596,848  

Natural gas sales

    3,579,531     5,271,839     755,589  

Total operating revenues

    14,513,458     28,299,396     2,352,437  

Direct Operating Expenses:

   
 
   
 
   
 
 

Lease operating expenses

    4,014,066     3,906,564     1,707,601  

Production taxes

    864,906     1,934,275     215,142  

Total direct operating expenses

    4,878,972     5,840,839     1,922,743  

Operating Revenues in Excess of Direct Operating Expenses

  $ 9,634,486   $ 22,458,557   $ 429,694  

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BAYSWATER PROPERTIES ACQUIRED BY EXTRACTION OIL & GAS, LLC

NOTES TO STATEMENTS OF OPERATING REVENUES AND DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES

1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION:

        On July 29, 2016 Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC (the "Company"), entered into a definitive purchase and sale agreement (the "Bayswater Agreement") with Bayswater Exploration & Production, LLC, Bayswater Blenheim Holdings, LLC and Bayswater Blenheim Holdings II, LLC (collectively, "Bayswater" or the "Seller"), under which the Company agreed to acquire certain oil and gas leaseholds, overriding royalty interests and producing properties located primarily in the State of Colorado (the "Acquired Properties"), and various other related rights, permits, contracts, equipment and other assets. The contractual effective and anticipated closing dates for the acquisition of the Bayswater Properties Acquired by Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC are July 1, 2016 and September 30, 2016, respectively. The aggregate purchase price for the acquisition of the Acquired Properties was approximately $420.0 million in cash, subject to the satisfaction of customary closing conditions.

        The accompanying Statements of Operating Revenues and Direct Operating Expenses of the Bayswater Properties Acquired by Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC (the "Statements") were prepared by the Company based on carved-out financial information and other data from the Seller's historical accounting records. Because the Acquired Properties are not separate legal entities, the accompanying Statements vary from a complete income statement in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America in that they do not reflect certain expenses that were incurred in connection with the ownership and operation of the Acquired Properties including, but not limited to, depreciation, depletion, and amortization, accretion of asset retirement obligations, general and administrative expenses and interest as these cost are not directly involved in the revenue producing activity and would be difficult to relate directly to the Acquired Properties. As such, this financial information is not intended to be a complete presentation of the operating revenues and expenses of the Acquired Properties. The information may not be representative of future operations due to changes in the business and the exclusion of the omitted information. Furthermore, no balance sheet has been presented for the Acquired Properties because not all of the historical cost and related working capital balances are segregated or easily obtainable, nor has information about the Acquired Properties' operating, investing and financing cash flows been provided for similar reasons. Accordingly, the accompanying Statements are presented in lieu of the financial statements required under Rule 3-05 of Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") Regulation S-X.

2. USE OF ESTIMATES IN PREPARATION OF STATEMENTS:

        The preparation of the statements of operating revenues and direct operating expenses of the Acquired Properties in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of operating revenues and direct operating expenses during the respective reporting periods. Actual results may differ from the estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of the statements of operating revenues and direct operating expenses of the Acquired Properties.

3. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES:

        Pursuant to the terms of the Bayswater Agreement, there are no known claims, litigation or disputes pending as of the effective date of the Bayswater Agreement, or any matters arising in connection with indemnification, and the parties to the Bayswater Agreement are not aware of any legal, environmental or other commitments or contingencies that would have a material adverse effect on the statements of operating revenues and direct operating expenses of the Acquired Properties.

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BAYSWATER PROPERTIES ACQUIRED BY EXTRACTION OIL & GAS, LLC

NOTES TO STATEMENTS OF OPERATING REVENUES AND DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES (Continued)

4. REVENUE RECOGNITION:

        Revenues from the sale of oil and natural gas are recognized when the product is delivered at a fixed or determinable price, title has transferred, and collectability is reasonably assured and evidenced by a contract. The Seller recognizes revenues from the sale of oil and natural gas using the sales method of accounting, whereby revenue is recorded based on the Seller's share of volume sold, regardless of whether it has taken its proportional share of volume produced. A receivable or liability is recognized only to the extent that an imbalance on a specific property is greater than the expected remaining proved reserves. There were no gas imbalances at June 30, 2016.

5. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS:

        In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 855, we have evaluated subsequent events through August 29, 2016, the date of the accompanying statements of operating revenues and direct operating expenses were available to be issued. There were no material subsequent events that required recognition or additional disclosure in the accompanying statements of operating revenues and direct operating expenses.

6. SUPPLEMENTAL OIL AND GAS RESERVE INFORMATION (UNAUDITED):

        Estimated quantities of proved oil and gas reserves of the Acquired Properties were derived from reserve estimates prepared by Bayswater as of December 31, 2015 based on the estimates of Bayswater's internal reserve engineers. Estimates of proved reserves are inherently imprecise and are continually subject to revision based on production history, results of additional exploration and development, price changes and other factors. All of the Acquired Properties' proved reserves are located in the continental United States.

        Guidelines prescribed in Financial Accounting Standards Board's ("FASB") Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 932 Extractive Industries—Oil and Gas , have been followed for computing a standardized measure of future net cash flows and changes therein relating to estimated proved reserves. Future cash inflows and future production and development costs are determined by applying prices and costs, including transportation, quality, and basis differentials, to the year-end estimated quantities of oil and gas to be produced in the future. The resulting future net cash flows are reduced to present value amounts by applying a ten percent annual discount factor. Future operating costs are determined based on estimates of expenditures to be incurred in producing the proved oil and gas reserves in place at the end of the period using year-end costs and assuming continuation of existing economic conditions. Future development costs are determined based on estimates of capital expenditures to be incurred in developing proved oil and gas reserves.

        The assumptions used to compute the standardized measure are those prescribed by the FASB and the SEC. These assumptions do not necessarily reflect the Company's expectations of actual revenues to be derived from those reserves, nor their present value. The limitations inherent in the reserve quantity estimation process, as discussed previously, are equally applicable to the standardized measure computations since these reserve quantity estimates are the basis for the valuation process. Reserve estimates are inherently imprecise and estimates of new discoveries and undeveloped locations are more imprecise than estimates of established proved producing oil and gas properties. Accordingly, these estimates are expected to change as future information becomes available. The standardized

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BAYSWATER PROPERTIES ACQUIRED BY EXTRACTION OIL & GAS, LLC

NOTES TO STATEMENTS OF OPERATING REVENUES AND DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES (Continued)

6. SUPPLEMENTAL OIL AND GAS RESERVE INFORMATION (UNAUDITED): (Continued)

measure excludes income taxes as the Company is a limited liability company and not subject to income taxes.

        The following table sets forth information as of and for the year ended December 31, 2015 with respect to changes in the Acquired Properties' proved reserves:

 
  (Mbbl)
Crude Oil
  (MMcf)
Natural Gas
 

January 1, 2015

    7,840.3     70,931.1  

Extensions, discoveries, and other additions

    3,026.4     26,934.9  

Acquisitions

    619.8     6,200.4  

Revisions

    (376.5 )   (8,469.2 )

Production

    (282.7 )   (1,390.4 )

December 31, 2015

    10,827.3     94,206.8  

Proved developed reserves, included above:

   
 
   
 
 

December 31, 2015

    4,298.4     38,071.8  

Proved undeveloped reserves, included above(1):

   
 
   
 
 

December 31, 2015

    6,528.9     56,135.0  

(1)
Proved undeveloped reserves as of December 31, 2015 include only those properties that were eligible to be recorded as a proved undeveloped location and that Bayswater had developed (either (i) drilled and completed or (ii) drilled and uncompleted) subsequent to December 31, 2015 through the effective date of the Bayswater Agreement.

        As of December 31, 2015, the Acquired Properties' reserves are comprised of 40.8% crude oil and 59.2% natural gas, on an energy equivalent basis. The following values for the 2015 proved reserves were derived based on prices of $43.78 per Bbl of crude oil and $2.79 per Mcf of natural gas. The following values for the 2014 proved reserves were derived based on prices of $88.49 per Bbl of crude oil and $4.85 per Mcf of natural gas. These prices were based on the 12-month arithmetic average first-of-month price for January 2015 through December 2015 and January 2014 through December 2014, respectively. The crude oil pricing was based on the West Texas Intermediate price and the natural gas pricing was based on the Henry Hub price. All prices have been adjusted for transportation, quality and regional basis differentials.

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BAYSWATER PROPERTIES ACQUIRED BY EXTRACTION OIL & GAS, LLC

NOTES TO STATEMENTS OF OPERATING REVENUES AND DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES (Continued)

6. SUPPLEMENTAL OIL AND GAS RESERVE INFORMATION (UNAUDITED): (Continued)

        The following summary sets forth the Acquired Properties' future net cash flows relating to proved oil and gas reserves based on the standardized measure prescribed in ASC Topic 932:

 
  (in thousands)
December 31,
2015
 

Future crude oil and natural gas

  $ 735,986  

Future production costs

    (217,901 )

Future development costs

    (82,411 )

Future net cash flows

    435,674  

10% annual discount

    (184,526 )

Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows

  $ 251,148  

        The principal sources of change in the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows are:

 
  (in thousands) December 31, 2015  

Balance at beginning of period

  $ 293,571  

Sales of crude oil and natural gas

    (9,634 )

Net change in prices and production costs

    (219,981 )

Net changes in future development costs

    19,840  

Extensions, discoveries, and other additions

    84,613  

Acquisition of reserves

    13,882  

Revisions of previous quantity estimates

    (38,445 )

Previously estimated development costs incurred

    72,594  

Accretion of discount

    29,357  

Other

    5,351  

Balance at end of period

  $ 251,148  

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APPENDIX A
GLOSSARY OF OIL AND GAS TERMS

        The terms defined in this section are used throughout this prospectus:

         "Bbl" means one stock tank barrel, or 42 U.S. gallons liquid volume, used in reference to oil or other liquid hydrocarbons.

         "Bbl/d" means Bbl per day.

         "BBtu" One billion Btus.

         "Bcf" is an abbreviation for "one billion cubic feet," which is a unit of measurement of volume for natural gas.

         "BOE" means barrels of oil equivalent. Oil equivalents are determined using the ratio of six Mcf of gas (including gas liquids) to one Bbl of oil.

         "BOE/d" means BOE per day.

         "Btu" means one British thermal unit—a measure of the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of a one-pound mass of water one degree Fahrenheit at sea level.

         "CIG" means Colorado Interstate Gas.

         "Completion" means the installation of permanent equipment for the production of oil or natural gas.

         "Developed acreage" means the number of acres that are allocated or assignable to producing wells or wells capable of production.

         "Development well" means a well drilled to a known producing formation in a previously discovered field, usually offsetting a producing well on the same or an adjacent oil and natural gas lease.

         "Dry hole" means a well found to be incapable of producing either oil or gas in sufficient quantities to justify completion as an oil or gas well.

         "Exploratory well" means a well drilled either (a) in search of a new and as yet undiscovered pool of oil or gas or (b) with the hope of significantly extending the limits of a pool already developed (also known as a "wildcat well").

         "Field" means an area consisting of a single reservoir or multiple reservoirs all grouped on or related to the same individual geological structural feature or stratigraphic condition.

         "Fracturing" means mechanically inducing a crack or surface of breakage within rock not related to foliation or cleavage in metamorphic rock in order to enhance the permeability of rocks greatly by connecting pores together.

         "Gas" or "Natural gas" means the lighter hydrocarbons and associated non-hydrocarbon substances occurring naturally in an underground reservoir, which under atmospheric conditions are essentially gases but which may contain liquids.

         "Gross Acres" or "Gross Wells" means the total acres or wells, as the case may be, in which we have a working interest.

         "Hydraulic fracturing" means a procedure to stimulate production by forcing a mixture of fluid and proppant (usually sand) into the formation under high pressure. This creates artificial fractures in the reservoir rock, which increases 1 permeability and porosity.

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         "Horizontal drilling" means a wellbore that is drilled laterally.

         "Landowner royalty" means that interest retained by the holder of a mineral interest upon the execution of an oil and natural gas lease which usually amounts to 1/8 of all gross revenues from oil and natural gas production unencumbered with any expenses of operation, development, or maintenance.

         "Leases" means full or partial interests in oil or gas properties authorizing the owner of the lease to drill for, produce and sell oil and natural gas in exchange for any or all of rental, bonus and royalty payments. Leases are generally acquired from private landowners (fee leases) and from federal and state governments on acreage held by them.

         "MBbl" One thousand barrels of oil, condensate or NGLs.

         "MBoe" One thousand barrels of oil equivalent. Oil equivalents are determined using the ratio of six Mcf of gas (including gas liquids) to one Bbl of oil.

         "Mcf" is an abbreviation for "1,000 cubic feet," which is a unit of measurement of volume for natural gas.

         "MMBbl" One million barrels of oil, condensate or NGLs.

         "MMBtu" One million Btus.

         "MMcf" is an abbreviation for "1,000,000 cubic feet," which is a unit of measurement of volume for natural gas.

         "Net Acres" or "Net Wells" is the sum of the fractional working interests owned in gross acres or wells, as the case may be, expressed as whole numbers and fractions thereof.

         "Net revenue interest" means all of the working interests less all royalties, overriding royalties, non-participating royalties, net profits interest or similar burdens on or measured by production from oil and natural gas.

         "NGL" means natural gas liquids.

         "NYMEX" means New York Mercantile Exchange.

         "Overriding royalty" means an interest in the gross revenues or production over and above the landowner's royalty carved out of the working interest and also unencumbered with any expenses of operation, development or maintenance.

         "Operator" means the individual or company responsible to the working interest owners for the exploration, development and production of an oil or natural gas well or lease.

         "Play" means a regionally distributed oil and natural gas accumulation as opposed to conventional plays which are more limited in their area extent. Resource plays are characterized by continuous, aerially extensive hydrocarbon accumulations in tight sand, shale and coal reservoirs.

         "Prospect" means a geological area which is believed to have the potential for oil and natural gas production.

         "Productive well" means a well that is producing oil or gas or that is capable of production.

         "Proved developed reserves" means reserves that can be expected to be recovered through existing wells with existing equipment and operating methods.

         "Proved reserves" means the estimated quantities of oil, gas and gas liquids which geological and engineering data demonstrate with reasonable certainty to be recoverable in future years from known reservoirs under existing economic and operating conditions.

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         "Proved undeveloped reserves" means reserves that are expected to be recovered from new wells on undrilled acreage, or from existing wells where a relatively major expenditure is required for recompletion.

         "PV-10 value" means the present value of estimated future gross revenue to be generated from the production of estimated net proved reserves, net of estimated production and future development costs, using prices and costs in effect as of the date indicated (unless such prices or costs are subject to change pursuant to contractual provisions), without giving effect to non-property related expenses such as general and administrative expenses, debt service and future income tax expenses or to depreciation, depletion and amortization, discounted using an annual discount rate of 10 percent. While this measure does not include the effect of income taxes as it would in the use of the standardized measure calculation, it does provide an indicative representation of the relative value of the Company on a comparative basis to other companies and from period to period.

         "Recompletion" means the completion for production from an existing wellbore in a formation other than that in which the well has previously been completed.

         "Reserve life" represents the estimated net proved reserves at a specified date divided by actual production for the preceding 12-month period.

         "Reservoir" means a porous and permeable underground formation containing a natural accumulation of producible natural gas and/or oil that is confined by impermeable rock or water barriers and is individual and separate from other reservoirs.

         "Royalty" means the share paid to the owner of mineral rights, expressed as a percentage of gross income from oil and natural gas produced and sold unencumbered by expenses relating to the drilling, completing and operating of the affected well.

         "Royalty interest" means an interest in an oil and natural gas property entitling the owner to shares of oil and natural gas production, free of costs of exploration, development and production operations.

         "SEC pricing" means the price per Bbl for oil or per MMBtu for natural gas as calculated from the unweighted arithmetic average first-day-of-the-month prices for the prior 12 months, as adjusted by lease for quality, transportation fees, geographical differentials, marketing bonuses or deductions and other factors affecting the price received at the wellhead.

         "Section" means 640 acres.

         "Seismic Data" means an exploration method of sending energy waves or sound waves into the earth and recording the wave reflections to indicate the type, size, shape and depth of a subsurface rock formation. 2-D seismic provides two-dimensional information and 3-D seismic provides three-dimensional views.

         "Spacing" means the distance between wells producing from the same reservoir. Spacing is often expressed in terms of acres, e.g., 40-acre spacing, and is often established by regulatory agencies.

         "Undeveloped acreage" means lease acres on which wells have not been drilled or completed to a point that would permit the production of commercial quantities of oil and gas regardless of whether or not such acreage contains proved reserves.

         "Undeveloped leasehold acreage" means the leased acreage on which wells have not been drilled or completed to a point that would permit the production of commercial quantities of oil and natural gas, regardless of whether such acreage contains estimated net proved reserves.

         "Unit" means the joining of all or substantially all interests in a reservoir or field, rather than a single tract, to provide for development and operation without regard to separate property interests. Also, the area covered by a unitization agreement.

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         "Working interest" means an interest in an oil and natural gas lease entitling the holder at its expense to conduct drilling and production operations on the leased property and to receive the net revenues attributable to such interest, after deducting the landowner's royalty, any overriding royalties, production costs, taxes and other costs.

        " WTI " means the price of West Texas Intermediate oil on the NYMEX.

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Part II

INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS

Item 13.    Other expenses of issuance and distribution

        The following table sets forth an itemized statement of the amounts of all expenses (excluding underwriting discounts and commissions) payable by us in connection with the registration of the common stock offered hereby. With the exception of the SEC registration fee, FINRA filing fee and NASDAQ listing fee, the amounts set forth below are estimates.

SEC registration fee

  $   *

FINRA filing fee

      *

NASDAQ listing fee

      *

Accountants' fees and expenses

      *

Legal fees and expenses

      *

Printing and engraving expenses

      *

Transfer agent and registrar fees

      *

Miscellaneous

      *

Total

  $   *

*
To be provided by amendment.

Item 14.    Indemnification of Directors and Officers

        Our bylaws will provide that a director will not be liable to the corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL. In addition, if the DGCL is amended to authorize the further elimination or limitation of the liability of directors, then the liability of a director of the corporation, in addition to the limitation on personal liability provided for in our certificate of incorporation, will be limited to the fullest extent permitted by the amended DGCL. Our bylaws will provide that the corporation will indemnify, and advance expenses to, any officer or director to the fullest extent authorized by the DGCL.

        Section 145 of the DGCL provides that a corporation may indemnify directors and officers as well as other employees and individuals against expenses, including attorneys' fees, judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement in connection with specified actions, suits and proceedings whether civil, criminal, administrative, or investigative, other than a derivative action by or in the right of the corporation, if they acted in good faith and in a manner they reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe their conduct was unlawful. A similar standard is applicable in the case of derivative actions, except that indemnification extends only to expenses, including attorneys' fees, incurred in connection with the defense or settlement of such action and the statute requires court approval before there can be any indemnification where the person seeking indemnification has been found liable to the corporation. The statute provides that it is not exclusive of other indemnification that may be granted by a corporation's certificate of incorporation, bylaws, disinterested director vote, stockholder vote, agreement or otherwise.

        Our bylaws will also contain indemnification rights for our directors and our officers. Specifically, our bylaws will provide that we shall indemnify our officers and directors to the fullest extent authorized by the DGCL. Further, we may maintain insurance on behalf of our officers and directors against expense, liability or loss asserted incurred by them in their capacities as officers and directors.

        We have obtained directors' and officers' insurance to cover our directors, officers and some of our employees for certain liabilities.

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        We will enter into written indemnification agreements with our directors and executive officers. Under these proposed agreements, if an officer or director makes a claim of indemnification to us, either a majority of the independent directors or independent legal counsel selected by the independent directors must review the relevant facts and make a determination whether the officer or director has met the standards of conduct under Delaware law that would permit (under Delaware law) and require (under the indemnification agreement) us to indemnify the officer or director.

        The underwriting agreement provides for indemnification by the underwriters of us and our officers and directors, and by us of the underwriters, for certain liabilities arising under the Securities Act or otherwise in connection with this offering.

Item 15.    Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

        In connection with the completion of this offering, Extraction Oil & Gas Holdings, LLC will merge with and into us and we will be the surviving entity to such merger, with the equity holders in Extraction Oil & Gas Holdings, LLC, including the holders of restricted units and incentive units, receiving membership interests in us using an implied equity valuation for us prior to the offering based on the initial public offering price to the public for our common stock set forth on the cover page of this registration statement and the current relative levels of ownership in Extraction Oil & Gas Holdings, LLC, pursuant to the terms of the limited liability company agreement of Extraction Oil & Gas Holdings, LLC.

        The issuance of such membership interests will not involve any underwriters, underwriting discounts or commissions or a public offering, and we believe that such issuance will be exempt from registration requirements pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

Item 16.    Exhibits and financial statement schedules

        See the Exhibit Index immediately following the signature page hereto, which is incorporated by reference as if fully set forth herein.

Item 17.    Undertakings

        The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes to provide to the underwriters at the closing specified in the underwriting agreement certificates in such denominations and registered in such names as required by the underwriters to permit prompt delivery to each purchaser.

        Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

        The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that:

            (1)   For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to

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    Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of the time it was declared effective.

            (2)   For the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

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SIGNATURES

        Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Denver, State of Colorado, on September 14, 2016.

    Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC

 

 

By:

 

/s/ MARK A. ERICKSON

Mark A. Erickson
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

        Each person whose signature appears below appoints Mark A. Erickson, Matthew R. Owens and Russell T. Kelley, Jr., and each of them, any of whom may act without the joinder of the other, as his or her true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him or her and in his name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments (including post-effective amendments) to this Registration Statement and any Registration Statement (including any amendment thereto) for this offering that is to be effective upon filing pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and all other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done, as fully to all intents and purposes as he or she might or would do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents or any of them or their or his substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

        Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities and the dates indicated.

Name
 
Title
 
Date

 

 

 

 

 
/s/ MARK A. ERICKSON

Mark A. Erickson
  Chief Executive Officer and Chairman (Principal Executive Officer)   September 14, 2016

/s/ MATTHEW R. OWENS

Matthew R. Owens

 

Director and President

 

September 14, 2016

/s/ RUSSELL T. KELLEY, JR.

Russell T. Kelley, Jr.

 

Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)

 

September 14, 2016

/s/ JOHN S. GAENSBAUER

John S. Gaensbauer

 

Director

 

September 14, 2016

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Name
 
Title
 
Date

 

 

 

 

 
/s/ PETER A. LEIDEL

Peter A. Leidel
  Director   September 14, 2016

/s/ BRYAN R. LAWRENCE

Bryan R. Lawrence

 

Director

 

September 14, 2016

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INDEX TO EXHIBITS

Exhibit
Number
  Description
*1.1   Form of Underwriting Agreement

***3.1

 

Form of Certificate of Incorporation of Extraction Oil & Gas, Inc.

*3.2

 

Form of Certificate of Designations of Series A Preferred Stock of Extraction Oil & Gas, Inc.

***3.3

 

Form of Bylaws of Extraction Oil & Gas, Inc.

*4.1

 

Form of Existing Owners Registration Rights Agreement

*4.2

 

Form of Series A Preferred Registration Rights Agreement

*5.1

 

Opinion of Vinson & Elkins L.L.P. as to the legality of the securities being registered

***10.1

 

Credit Agreement, dated as of September 4, 2014, by and among Extraction Oil & Gas Holdings, LLC, as borrower, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent, and the lenders party thereto

***10.2

 

Amendment No. 1 to the Credit Agreement, dated as of September 24, 2014, by and among Extraction Oil & Gas Holdings, LLC, as borrower, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent, and the lenders party thereto

***10.3

 

Amendment No. 2 to the Credit Agreement, dated as of November 10, 2014, by and among Extraction Oil & Gas Holdings, LLC, as borrower, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent, and the lenders party thereto

***10.4

 

Amendment No. 3 to the Credit Agreement, dated as of December 30, 2014, by and among Extraction Oil & Gas Holdings, LLC, as borrower, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent, and the lenders party thereto

***10.5

 

Amendment No. 4 to the Credit Agreement, dated as of May 27, 2015, by and among Extraction Oil & Gas Holdings, LLC, as borrower, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent, and the lenders party thereto

***10.6

 

Amendment No. 5 to the Credit Agreement, dated as of September 1, 2015, by and among Extraction Oil & Gas Holdings, LLC, as borrower, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent, and the lenders party thereto

***10.7

 

Amendment No. 6 to the Credit Agreement, dated as of September 10, 2015, by and among Extraction Oil & Gas Holdings, LLC, as borrower, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent, and the lenders party thereto

***10.8

 

Amendment No. 7 to the Credit Agreement, dated as of December 15, 2015, by and among Extraction Oil & Gas Holdings, LLC, as borrower, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent, and the lenders party thereto

***10.9

 

Amendment No. 8 to the Credit Agreement, dated as of June 13, 2016, by and among Extraction Oil & Gas Holdings, LLC, as borrower, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent, and the lenders party thereto

***10.10

 

Amendment No. 9 to the Credit Agreement, dated as of August 12, 2016, by and among Extraction Oil & Gas Holdings, LLC, as borrower, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent, and the lenders party thereto

*10.11

 

Form of Indemnification Agreement

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Exhibit
Number
  Description
*10.12   Form of Extraction Oil & Gas, Inc. Long-Term Incentive Plan

***15.1

 

Letter of KPMG LLP

*21.1

 

List of subsidiaries of Extraction Oil & Gas, Inc.

***23.1

 

Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP

***23.2

 

Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP

***23.3

 

Consent of Hein & Associates LLP

***23.4

 

Consent of Hein & Associates LLP

***23.5

 

Consent of Hein & Associates LLP

***23.6

 

Consent of Hein & Associates LLP

***23.7

 

Consent of KPMG LLP

***23.8

 

Consent of Ryder Scott Company, L.P.

*23.9

 

Consent of Vinson & Elkins L.L.P. (included as part of Exhibit 5.1 hereto)

***24.1

 

Power of Attorney (included on the signature page of this Registration Statement)

***99.1

 

Ryder Scott Company, L.P. Summary of Reserves at December 31, 2014 for Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC

***99.2

 

Ryder Scott Company, L.P. Summary of Reserves at December 31, 2015 for Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC

***99.3

 

Ryder Scott Company, L.P. Summary of Reserves at December 31, 2015 for Mountaintop Minerals, LLC

***99.4

 

Ryder Scott Company, L.P. Summary of Reserves at December 31, 2015 for 8 North, LLC

***99.5

 

Ryder Scott Company, L.P. Summary of Reserves at June 30, 2016 for Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC

***99.6

 

Ryder Scott Company, L.P. Summary of Reserves at June 30, 2016 for Mountaintop Minerals, LLC

***99.7

 

Ryder Scott Company, L.P. Summary of Reserves at June 30, 2016 for 8 North, LLC

***99.8

 

Ryder Scott Company, L.P. Summary of Reserves at June 30, 2016 for the Bayswater Assets

***99.9

 

Consent of Marvin M. Chronister

*
To be filed by amendment.

**
Previously filed.

***
Filed herewith.

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Exhibit 3.1

 

FORM OF CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION

 

OF

 

EXTRACTION OIL & GAS, INC.

 

FIRST:  The name of the Corporation is Extraction Oil & Gas, Inc. (the “ Corporation ”).

 

SECOND:  The address of the registered office of the Corporation in the State of Delaware is 1209 Orange Street, Wilmington, County of New Castle, Delaware 19801.  The name of the registered agent of the Corporation at such address is The Corporation Trust Company.

 

THIRD:  The nature of the business or purposes to be conducted or promoted by the Corporation is to engage in any lawful act or activity for which corporations may be organized under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “ DGCL ”).

 

FOURTH:  The total number of shares of stock which the Corporation shall have authority to issue is [             ] shares of capital stock, which shall be divided into two classes, consisting of (i) [           ] shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share (“ Preferred Stock ”), and (ii) [          ] shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share (“ Common Stock ”). The number of authorized shares of Common Stock or Preferred Stock may be increased or decreased (but not below the number of shares thereof then outstanding) by the affirmative vote of the holders of capital stock of the Corporation representing a majority of the voting power of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Corporation entitled to vote thereon, irrespective of the provisions of Section 242(b)(2) of the DGCL (or any successor provision thereto).

 

The designations and the powers, preferences, rights, qualifications, limitations and restrictions of the Preferred Stock and Common Stock are as follows:

 

1.             Provisions Relating to the Preferred Stock .

 

(a)           The Preferred Stock may be issued from time to time in one or more series, the shares of each series to have such voting powers (full or limited, or no voting powers), and such designations, preferences, and relative, participating, optional or other special rights, and qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, as shall be stated and expressed herein or in  any amendment hereto or in the resolution or resolutions providing for the issue of such series adopted by the Corporation’s Board of Directors (the “ Board ”) as hereinafter prescribed and set forth in a certificate of designations filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware as required by the DGCL (a “ Preferred Stock Designation ”).

 

(b)           The shares of each series of the Preferred Stock may vary from the shares of any other series thereof in any or all of the foregoing respects. The Board may increase the number of shares of Preferred Stock designated for any existing series of Preferred Stock in a Preferred Stock Designation by a resolution adding to such series authorized and unissued shares of Preferred Stock not designated for any other series of Preferred Stock. The Board may decrease the number of shares of Preferred Stock designated for any existing series of Preferred Stock in a Preferred Stock Designation (but not below the number of shares then outstanding) by a resolution subtracting from such series authorized and unissued shares of Preferred Stock designated for such

 



 

existing series and, unless otherwise provided in the Preferred Stock Designation of such series, the shares so subtracted shall become authorized and unissued shares of Preferred Stock, undesignated as to series.

 

(c)           Except as otherwise provided by law or in a Preferred Stock Designation, the holders of Preferred Stock will not be entitled to vote at or receive notice of any meeting of the stockholders.

 

2.             Provisions Relating to the Common Stock .

 

(a)           Except as otherwise provided by law or in a Preferred Stock Designation, the holders of Common Stock, as such, shall be entitled to one vote for each share held of record on all matters submitted to a vote of the stockholders, the holders of Common Stock shall have the exclusive right to vote for the election of directors and for all other purposes and the holders of Preferred Stock shall not be entitled to vote at or receive notice of any meeting of stockholders.

 

(b)           Except as otherwise required by law, holders of Common Stock, as such, shall not be entitled to vote on any amendment to this Certificate of Incorporation (including any Preferred Stock Designation) that relates solely to the terms of any outstanding series of Preferred Stock if the holders of such affected series are entitled, either separately or together with the holders of one or more other such series, to vote thereon pursuant to this Certificate of Incorporation (including any Preferred Stock Designation) or pursuant to the DGCL.

 

(c)           Subject to preferences that may be applicable to any outstanding shares or series of Preferred Stock, holders of Common Stock, as such, are entitled to receive ratably such dividends (payable in cash, stock or otherwise), if any, as may be declared from time to time by the Board out of funds legally available therefor.

 

(d)           In the event of any liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the Corporation, holders of Common Stock, as such, will be entitled to share ratably in the assets of the Corporation that are remaining after payment or provision for payment of all debts and obligations of the Corporation and of preferential amounts payable to holders of outstanding shares of Preferred Stock, if any.

 

FIFTH:  The business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of the Board. The directors, other than those who may be elected by the holders of any series of Preferred Stock specified in the related Preferred Stock Designation, shall be divided, with respect to the time for which they severally hold office, into three classes, as nearly equal in number as is reasonably possible, with the initial term of office of the first class to expire at the 2017 annual meeting (the “ Class I Directors ”), the initial term of office of the second class to expire at the 2018 annual meeting (the “ Class II Directors ”), and the initial term of office of the third class to expire at the 2019 annual meeting (the “ Class III Directors ”), with each director to hold office until his successor shall have been duly elected and qualified. At each annual meeting of stockholders, directors elected to succeed those directors whose terms then expire shall be elected for a term of office to expire at the third succeeding annual meeting of stockholders after their election, with each director to hold office until his successor shall have been duly elected and qualified. The Board is authorized to assign members of the Board already in office to Class I,

 

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Class II or Class III. Subject to applicable law and the rights of the holders of any series of Preferred Stock, any newly created directorship that results from an increase in the number of directors or any vacancy on the Board that results from the death, disability, resignation, disqualification or removal of any director or from any other cause shall be filled solely by the affirmative vote of a majority of the total number of directors then in office, even if less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director, and shall not be filled by the stockholders. Any director elected to fill a vacancy not resulting from an increase in the number of directors shall hold office for the remaining term of his predecessor. No decrease in the number of authorized directors constituting the Board shall shorten the term of any incumbent director.

 

Subject to the rights of the holders of shares of any series of Preferred Stock, if any, to elect additional directors pursuant to this Certificate of Incorporation (including any Preferred Stock Designation thereunder), any director may be removed only for cause, upon the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 66 2/3% of the outstanding shares of stock of the Corporation entitled to vote generally for the election of directors, acting at a meeting of the stockholders in accordance with the DGCL, this Certificate of Incorporation and the bylaws of the Corporation (as the same may be amended and/or restated from time to time, the “ Bylaws ”). Except as applicable law otherwise provides, cause for the removal of a director shall be deemed to exist only if the director whose removal is proposed: (i) has been convicted of a felony by a court of competent jurisdiction and that conviction is no longer subject to direct appeal; (ii) has been found to have been grossly negligent in the performance of his duties to the Corporation in any matter of substantial importance to the Corporation by the affirmative vote of at least 80% of the directors then in office or a court of competent jurisdiction; or (iii) has been adjudicated by a court of competent jurisdiction to be mentally incompetent, which mental incompetency directly affects his ability to serve as a director of the Corporation.

 

Subject to the rights of the holders of any series of Preferred Stock to elect directors under specified circumstances, if any, the number of directors shall be fixed from time to time exclusively pursuant to a resolution adopted by a majority of the total number of directors then in office. Unless and except to the extent that the Bylaws so provide, the election of directors need not be by written ballot.

 

SIXTH:  Special meetings of stockholders of the Corporation may be called only by the Board pursuant to resolutions adopted by a majority of the total number of directors then in office.

 

SEVENTH:  The Board shall have the power to adopt, amend or repeal the bylaws of the Corporation (as the same may be amended and/or restated from time to time, the “Bylaws”).  In addition to any separate vote of the Preferred Stock or any series thereof required hereby or by any Preferred Stock Designation, the stockholders of the Corporation may adopt, amend or repeal the Bylaws only by an affirmative vote of the holders of at least 66 2 / 3 %  of the outstanding shares of Common Stock.  No Bylaws hereafter made or adopted, nor any repeal of or amendment thereto, shall invalidate any prior act of the Board that was valid at the time it was taken.

 

EIGHTH:  No director of the Corporation shall be liable to the Corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director, except for liability (i) for any breach of the director’s duty of loyalty to the Corporation or its stockholders, (ii) for acts or omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation

 

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of law, (iii) under Section 174 of the DGCL, or (iv) for any transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit. Without limiting the effect of the preceding sentence, if the DGCL is hereafter amended to authorize the further elimination or limitation of the liability of a director, then the liability of a director of the Corporation shall be eliminated or limited to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL as so amended. Any amendment, repeal or modification of this Article EIGHTH shall be prospective only and shall not affect any limitation on liability of a director for acts or omissions occurring prior to the date of such amendment, repeal or modification.

 

NINTH:  Any action required or permitted to be taken by the stockholders of the Corporation must be taken at a duly called and convened annual or special meeting of stockholders and may not be taken by any consent in writing in lieu of a meeting of such stockholders.

 

TENTH:  In addition to any other vote that may be required by law, this Certificate of Incorporation (including any Preferred Stock Designation) or the Bylaws, the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 66 2 / 3 % of the outstanding shares of Common Stock shall be required to amend, alter or repeal Articles FIFTH, SIXTH, SEVENTH, EIGHTH, NINTH, ELEVENTH, TWELFTH, OR THIRTEENTH, or this Article TENTH, of this Certificate of Incorporation, or to adopt any provision of the Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws inconsistent therewith.

 

ELEVENTH:  To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, the Corporation, on behalf of itself and its subsidiaries, renounces any interest or expectancy of the Corporation and its subsidiaries in any business opportunity, transaction or other matter in which (i) Yorktown Partners LLC (“ Yorktown ”) or any investment fund sponsored or managed by Yorktown, including any fund still to be formed, or any of its or their respective officers, directors, partners, employees, affiliates and any portfolio company in which such entities or persons have an equity interest (other than the Corporation and its subsidiaries) or (ii) any non-employee director of the Corporation and any of his or her affiliates (other than the Corporation and its subsidiaries) (each of (i) and (ii), a “ Specified Party ”) participates or desires or seeks to participate and that involves any aspect of the energy business or industry, even if the opportunity is one that the Corporation or its subsidiaries might reasonably be deemed to have pursued or had the ability or desire to pursue if granted the opportunity to do so and each such Specified Party shall have no duty to communicate or offer such business opportunity to the Corporation.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Corporation, on behalf of itself and its subsidiaries, does not hereby renounce any interest or expectancy it or its subsidiaries may have in any business opportunity, transaction or other matter that is offered in writing solely to (1) a director or officer of the Corporation or its subsidiaries who is not also a Specified Party, or (2) a Specified Party who is a director, officer or employee of the Corporation who is offered such opportunity solely in his or her capacity as a director, officer or employee of the Corporation.

 

To the fullest extent permitted by law, (a) neither the amendment nor repeal of this Article ELEVENTH, nor the adoption of any provision in this Certificate of Incorporation or the Bylaws, nor any modification of law shall adversely affect any right or protection of any person granted pursuant hereto existing at, or arising out of or related to any event, act or omission that occurred prior to, the time of such amendment, repeal, adoption or modification, and (b) if any provision or provisions of this Article ELEVENTH shall be held invalid, illegal or unenforceable as applied to any circumstances for any reason whatsoever, the validity, legality and enforceability of such

 

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provisions in any other circumstance and of the remaining provisions of this Article ELEVENTH (including, without limitation, each portion of any paragraph of this Article ELEVENTH containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable that is not itself held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.

 

This Article ELEVENTH shall not be deemed to limit any protections or defenses available to, or rights to indemnification or advancement of expenses of, any director or officer of the Corporation under this Certificate of Incorporation, the Bylaws, any other agreement or applicable law.  Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in any securities of the Corporation shall be deemed to have notice of and to have consented to the provisions of this Article ELEVENTH.

 

TWELFTH:  Unless the Corporation consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be the sole and exclusive forum for (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of the Corporation, (ii) any action asserting a claim for a breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation to the Corporation or the Corporation’s stockholders, (iii) any action asserting a claim arising pursuant to any provision of the DGCL, this Certificate of Incorporation or the Bylaws, including any action to interpret, apply, enforce or determine the validity of this Certificate of Incorporation or the Bylaws, or any provision hereof or thereof, or (iv) any action asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs doctrine. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in any securities of the Corporation shall be deemed to have notice of and to have consented to the provisions of this Article TWELFTH.

 

If any provision or provisions of this Article TWELFTH shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable as applied to any person or entity or circumstance for any reason whatsoever, then, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the validity, legality and enforceability of such provisions in any other circumstance and of the remaining provisions of this Article TWELFTH (including, without limitation, each portion of any sentence of this Article TWELFTH containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable that is not itself held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable) and the application of such provision to other persons or entities and circumstances shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.

 

To the fullest extent permitted by law, if any action the subject matter of which is within the scope of this Article TWELFTH above is filed in a court other than a court located within the State of Delaware (a “ Foreign Action ”) in the name of any stockholder, such stockholder shall be deemed to have consented to (A) the personal jurisdiction of the state and federal courts located within the State of Delaware in connection with any action brought in any such court to enforce this Article TWELFTH (an “ FSC Enforcement Action ”) and (B) having service of process made upon such stockholder in any such FSC Enforcement Action by service upon such stockholder’s counsel in the Foreign Action as agent for such stockholder.

 

THIRTEENTH:  The Corporation elects not to be governed by Section 203 of the DGCL, and the restrictions contained in Section 203 shall not apply to the Corporation.

 

[Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank]

 

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has executed this Certificate of Incorporation as of this     day of           , 2016.

 

 

 

EXTRACTION OIL & GAS, INC.

 

 

 

 

 

By:

 

 

 

Name:

 

 

Title:

 

CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION OF

EXTRACTION OIL & GAS, INC.

SIGNATURE PAGE

 




Exhibit 3.3

 

FORM OF BYLAWS

 

OF

 

EXTRACTION OIL & GAS, INC.

 

Incorporated under the Laws of the State of Delaware

 

ARTICLE I

 

OFFICES AND RECORDS

 

SECTION 1.1.                                           Registered Office .  The registered office of the Corporation in the State of Delaware, and the name of its registered agent at such location, shall be as set forth in the Certificate of Incorporation and may be changed from time to time by the board of directors of the Corporation (the “ Board of Directors ”) in the manner provided by law.

 

SECTION 1.2.                                           Other Offices .  The Corporation may have such other offices, either within or without the State of Delaware, as the Board of Directors may designate or as the business of the Corporation may from time to time require.

 

SECTION 1.3.                                           Books and Records .  The books and records of the Corporation may be kept outside the State of Delaware at such place or places as may from time to time be designated by the Board of Directors.

 

ARTICLE II

 

STOCKHOLDERS

 

SECTION 2.1.                                           Annual Meeting .  An annual meeting of the stockholders of the Corporation shall be held for the election of directors on such date and time as may be determined from time to time by resolution of the Board of Directors.  Any other proper business may be transacted at the annual meeting.  The Board of Directors may postpone, reschedule or cancel any annual meeting of stockholders previously scheduled by the Board of Directors upon public notice given prior to the time previously scheduled for such meeting of stockholders.  The meeting may be postponed or rescheduled to such time and place as is specified in the notice of postponement or rescheduling of such meeting.

 

SECTION 2.2.                                           Special Meeting .  Special meetings of the stockholders may be called only in accordance with the Corporation’s Certificate of Incorporation as it may be amended and/or restated from time to time (the “ Certificate of Incorporation ”), including any certificate of designations with respect to any series of stock having a preference over the common stock of the Corporation as to dividends or upon liquidation (“ Preferred Stock ”).  The Board of Directors may postpone, reschedule or cancel any special meeting of stockholders previously scheduled by the Board of Directors upon public notice given prior to the time previously scheduled for such meeting of stockholders.  The meeting may be postponed or rescheduled to such time and place as is specified in the notice of postponement or rescheduling of such meeting.

 



 

SECTION 2.3.                                           Place of Meeting; Remote Communication .  Any annual or special meeting may be held either at a place, within or without the State of Delaware, or by means of remote communication as the Board of Directors, in its sole discretion, may determine.  If no designation is so made, the meeting shall be held at the principal executive offices of the Corporation.

 

SECTION 2.4.                                           Notice of Meeting .  Notice of all meetings of stockholders shall be given in writing or by electronic transmission in accordance with applicable law stating the place, if any, date and time of the meeting, the means of remote communication, if any, by which stockholders and proxy holders may be deemed present in person and vote at such meeting, the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, if such date is different from the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of the meeting, and, in the case of a special meeting, the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called.  Unless otherwise required by applicable law or the Certificate of Incorporation, such notice shall be given by the Corporation not less than 10 days nor more than 60 days before the date of the meeting, in a manner permitted by Section 6.7 of these Bylaws, to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at such meeting as of the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of such meeting.  Such further notice shall be given as may be required by law.

 

SECTION 2.5.                                           Quorum and Adjournment .  Except as otherwise provided by law or by the Certificate of Incorporation, the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of the Corporation entitled to vote generally in the election of directors (the “ Voting Stock ”), present in person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum at a meeting of stockholders, except that when specified business is to be voted on by a class or series (or classes or series) of stock voting as a class or series (or classes or series), the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of such class or series (or classes or series), present in person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum entitled to take action with respect to the vote on such business.  The Chairman of the Meeting or the holders of a majority of the shares so represented may adjourn or recess the meeting from time to time for any reasonable reason, whether or not there is such a quorum.  At the adjourned or recessed meeting, the Corporation may transact any business which might have been transacted at the original meeting.  Notice of any adjourned or recessed meeting need not be given if the time, date and place, if any, and the means of remote communication, if any, by which stockholders may be deemed present in person and vote at such adjourned or recessed meeting are announced at the meeting at which the adjournment or recess is taken; provided, however, that if the adjournment or recess is for more than 30 days, a notice of the adjourned or recessed meeting shall be given to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at the meeting; provided, further, that if after the adjournment or recess a new record date for stockholders entitled to vote is fixed for the adjourned or recessed meeting, the Board of Directors shall fix a new record date for notice of such adjourned or recessed meeting (which record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of such adjourned or recessed meeting shall be the same or an earlier date as that fixed for determination of stockholders entitled to vote at the adjourned or recessed meeting), and shall give notice of the adjourned or recessed meeting to each stockholder of record as of the record date so fixed for notice of such adjourned or recessed meeting.  The stockholders present at a duly called meeting at which a quorum is present may continue to transact business until adjournment or recess, notwithstanding the withdrawal of enough stockholders to leave less than a quorum.

 

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SECTION 2.6.                                           Proxies .  Each stockholder entitled to vote at a meeting of stockholders or to take action by written consent without a meeting may authorize another person or persons to act for such stockholder by proxy.  Such proxy may be prepared, transmitted and delivered in any manner permitted by applicable law.  Any copy, facsimile transmission or other reliable reproduction of the writing or transmission created pursuant to this section may be substituted or used in lieu of the original writing or transmission for any and all purposes for which the original writing or transmission could be used, provided that such copy, facsimile transmission or other reproduction shall be a complete reproduction of the entire original writing or transmission.

 

SECTION 2.7.                                           Notice of Stockholder Business and Nominations .

 

(A)                                Annual Meetings of Stockholders .

 

(1)                                  Nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors and the proposal of other business to be considered by the stockholders may be made at an annual meeting of stockholders (a) pursuant to the Corporation’s notice of meeting (or any supplement thereto), (b) by or at the direction of the Board of Directors or (c) by any stockholder of the Corporation who (i) was a stockholder of record at the time of giving of notice provided for in this Section 2.7 and at the time of the annual meeting, (ii) is entitled to vote at the meeting and (iii) complies with the notice procedures set forth in these Bylaws as to such business or nomination and applicable law; clause 1(c) of this Section 2.7(A) shall be the exclusive means for a stockholder to make nominations of director nominees or submit other business (other than matters properly brought under Rule 14a-8 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “ Exchange Act ”), and included in the Corporation’s notice of meeting) before an annual meeting of the stockholders.

 

(2)                                  For any nominations of director nominees or any other business to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a stockholder pursuant to Section 2.7(A)(1)(c) of these Bylaws, the stockholder must have given timely notice thereof in writing to the Secretary and such other business must otherwise be a proper matter for stockholder action.  To be timely, a stockholder’s notice shall be delivered in writing to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not earlier than the close of business on the 120th day and not later than the close of business on the 90th day prior to the first anniversary of the preceding year’s annual meeting (which anniversary, in the case of the first annual meeting of stockholders following the close of the Corporation’s initial public offering, shall be deemed to be May 1, 2017); provided, however, that in the event that the date of the annual meeting is scheduled for a date that is more than 30 days before or more than 60 days after such anniversary date, notice by the stockholder to be timely must be so delivered not earlier than the close of business on the 120th day prior to the date of such annual meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of the 90th day prior to such annual meeting.  In no event shall any adjournment, recess or postponement of an annual meeting or the announcement thereof commence a new time period for the giving of a stockholder’s notice as described above.

 

(3)                                  To be in proper form, a stockholder’s notice (whether given pursuant to this Section 2.7(A)(2) or Section 2.7(B)) to the Secretary must:

 

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(a)                                  set forth, as to the stockholder giving the notice and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination or proposal is made (including any affiliate or associate (each within the meaning of Rule 12b-2 under the Exchange Act) of such stockholder or beneficial owner) (i) the name and address of such stockholder, as they appear on the Corporation’s books, and of such beneficial owner, if any, (ii) (A) the class or series and number of shares of the Corporation which are, directly or indirectly, owned beneficially and of record (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act) by such stockholder and such beneficial owner, if any (except that any such person shall in all events be deemed to beneficially own any shares of any class or series of the corporation as to which such person has a right to acquire beneficial ownership at any time in the future), (B) any option, warrant, convertible security, stock appreciation right, or similar right with an exercise or conversion privilege or a settlement payment or mechanism at a price related to any class or series of shares of the Corporation or with a value derived in whole or in part from the value of any class or series of shares of the Corporation, whether or not such instrument or right shall be subject to settlement in the underlying class or series of capital stock of the Corporation or otherwise (a “ Derivative Instrument ”) directly or indirectly owned beneficially by such stockholder and any other direct or indirect opportunity to profit or share in any profit derived from any increase or decrease in the value of shares of the Corporation, (C) a description of any proxy, contract, arrangement, understanding, or relationship pursuant to which such stockholder and such beneficial owner has a right to vote any shares of any security of the Corporation, (D) any short interest in any security of the Corporation (for purposes of these Bylaws a person shall be deemed to have a short interest in a security if such person directly or indirectly, through any contract, arrangement, understanding, relationship or otherwise, has the opportunity to profit or share in any profit derived from any decrease in the value of the subject security), (E) any rights to dividends on the shares of the Corporation owned beneficially by such stockholder that are separated or separable from the underlying shares of the Corporation, (F) any proportionate interest in shares of the Corporation or Derivative Instruments held, directly or indirectly, by a general or limited partnership in which such stockholder is a general partner or, directly or indirectly, beneficially owns an interest in a general partner and (G) any performance-related fees (other than an asset-based fee) to which such stockholder is entitled based on any increase or decrease in the value of shares of the Corporation or Derivative Instruments, if any, as of the date of such notice, including without limitation any such interests held by members of such stockholder’s immediate family sharing the same household (which information shall be supplemented by such stockholder and beneficial owner, if any, not later than 10 days after the record date for the meeting to disclose such ownership as of the record date), (iii) any other information relating to such stockholder and beneficial owner, if any, that would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filings required to be made in connection with solicitations of proxies for, as applicable, the proposal and/or for the election of directors in a contested election pursuant to Section 14 of the Exchange Act and the rules and

 

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regulations promulgated thereunder, (iv) a representation that the stockholder is, and was at all relevant times, a holder of record of stock of the Corporation entitled to vote at such meeting and intends to appear in person or by proxy at the meeting to bring such nomination or other business before the meeting, and (v) a representation as to whether such stockholder or any such beneficial owner intends or is part of a group that intends to (x) deliver a proxy statement and/or form of proxy to holders of at least the percentage of the voting power of the Corporation’s outstanding capital stock required to approve or adopt the proposal or to elect each such nominee and/or (y) otherwise solicit proxies from stockholders in support of such proposal or nomination.

 

(b)                                  if the notice relates to any business other than a nomination of a director or directors that the stockholder proposes to bring before the meeting, set forth (i) a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the meeting, the reasons for conducting such business at the meeting and any material interest of such stockholder and beneficial owner, if any, in such business, (ii) the text of the proposal or business (including the text of any resolutions proposed for consideration) and (iii) a complete and accurate description of all agreements, arrangements and understandings between such stockholder and such beneficial owner, if any, and any other person or persons (including their names and addresses) in connection with the proposal of such business by such stockholder;

 

(c)                                   set forth, as to each person, if any, whom the stockholder proposes to nominate for election or reelection to the Board of Directors (i) the name, age, business address and residence address of such person, (ii) the principal occupation or employment of such person, (iii) the class or series and number of shares of capital stock of the Corporation which are owned beneficially and of record by such person, (iv) all information relating to such person that would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filings required to be made in connection with solicitations of proxies for election of directors in a contested election pursuant to Section 14 of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder (including such person’s written consent to being named in the proxy statement as a nominee and to serving as a director if elected) and (v) a description of all direct and indirect compensation and other material monetary agreements, arrangements and understandings during the past three years, and any other material relationships, between or among such stockholder and beneficial owner, if any, and their respective affiliates and associates, or others acting in concert therewith, on the one hand, and each proposed nominee, and his or her respective affiliates and associates, or others acting in concert therewith, on the other hand, including, without limitation all information that would be required to be disclosed pursuant to Item 404 of Regulation S-K promulgated under the Exchange Act if the stockholder making the nomination and any beneficial owner on whose behalf the nomination is made, if any, or any affiliate or associate thereof or person acting in concert therewith, were the “registrant” for purposes of such Item 404 and the nominee were a director or executive officer of such registrant; and

 

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(d)                                  with respect to each nominee for election or reelection to the Board of Directors, include a completed and signed questionnaire, representation and agreement required by Section 2.9 of these Bylaws.  The Corporation may require any proposed nominee to furnish such other information as may reasonably be required by the Corporation to determine the eligibility of such proposed nominee to serve as an independent director of the Corporation or that could be material to a reasonable stockholder’s understanding of the independence, or lack thereof, of such nominee.

 

(B)                                Special Meetings of Stockholders .  Only such business shall be conducted at a special meeting of stockholders as shall have been brought before the meeting by or at the direction of the Board of Directors pursuant to the Corporation’s notice of meeting.  Nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors may be made at a special meeting of stockholders at which directors are to be elected pursuant to the Corporation’s notice of meeting (a) by or at the direction of the Board of Directors  or (b) provided that the Board of Directors has determined that directors shall be elected at such meeting, by any stockholder of the Corporation who (i) is a stockholder of record at the time of giving of notice provided for in these Bylaws and on the record date for determination of stockholders entitled to vote at such meeting, (ii) is entitled to vote at the meeting, and (iii) complies with the notice procedures set forth in these Bylaws and applicable law.  In the event a special meeting of stockholders is called for the purpose of electing one or more directors to the Board of Directors, any such stockholder may nominate a person or persons (as the case may be) for election to such position(s) as specified in the Corporation’s notice of meeting.  In no event shall any adjournment, recess or postponement of a special meeting or any announcement thereof commence a new time period for the giving of a stockholder’s notice as described above.

 

(C)                                General .

 

(1)                                  Only such persons who are nominated in accordance with the procedures set forth in these Bylaws shall be eligible to serve as directors and only such business shall be conducted at a meeting of stockholders as has been brought before the meeting in accordance with the procedures set forth in these Bylaws and applicable law.  Except as otherwise provided by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, the Chairman of the Meeting shall have the power and duty to determine whether a nomination or any business proposed to be brought before the meeting was made or proposed, as the case may be, in accordance with the procedures set forth in these Bylaws and applicable law and, if any proposed nomination or business is not in compliance with these Bylaws and applicable law, to declare that such defective proposal or nomination shall be disregarded.

 

(2)                                  Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of these Bylaws, a stockholder shall also comply with all applicable requirements of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder with respect to the matters set forth in these Bylaws; provided, however, that any references in these Bylaws to the Exchange Act or the rules promulgated thereunder are not intended to and shall not limit the requirements applicable to nominations or proposals as to any other business to be considered pursuant to these Bylaws.  For purposes of these Bylaws, “ public announcement ” shall mean

 

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disclosure in a press release reported by Dow Jones News Service, the Associated Press, or any other national news service or in a document publicly filed by the Corporation with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Sections 13, 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

 

(3)                                  A stockholder providing notice of business or any nomination proposed to be brought before a meeting shall further update and supplement such notice, so that the information provided or required to be provided in such notice pursuant to this Section 2.7 of these Bylaws shall be true and correct (a) as of the record date for the meeting and (b) as of the date that is ten (10) business days prior to the meeting or any adjournment, recess, rescheduling or postponement thereof, and such update and supplement shall be delivered to, or mailed and received by, the secretary at the principal executive offices of the corporation not later than five (5) business days after the record date for the meeting (in the case of the update and supplement required to be made as of the record date) and not later than seven (7) business days prior to the date for the meeting, if practicable (or, if not practicable, on the first practicable date prior to) or any adjournment, recess, rescheduling or postponement thereof (in the case of the update and supplement required to be made as of ten (10) business days prior to the meeting or any adjournment, recess, rescheduling or postponement thereof).

 

(4)                                  Nothing in these Bylaws shall be deemed to affect any rights (i) of stockholders to request inclusion of proposals in the Corporation’s proxy statement pursuant to Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act or (ii) of the holders of any series of Preferred Stock if and to the extent provided for under law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws.

 

SECTION 2.8.                                           Conduct of Business .  The Board of Directors may adopt by resolution such rules and regulations for the conduct of the meeting of stockholders as it shall deem appropriate in its sole discretion. The Chairman of the Board, if one shall have been elected, or in the Chairman of the Board’s absence or if one shall not have been elected, the director designated by the majority of directors, shall preside at all meetings of the stockholders as “Chairman of the Meeting.” Except to the extent inconsistent with such rules and regulations as adopted by the Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Meeting may prescribe such rules, regulations and procedures and do all such acts as, in the judgment of such Chairman of the Meeting, are appropriate for the proper conduct of the meeting. Such rules, regulations or procedures, whether adopted by the Board of Directors or prescribed by the Chairman of the Meeting, may include, without limitation, the following: (a) the establishment of an agenda or order of business for the meeting; (b) rules and procedures for maintaining order at the meeting and the safety of those present; (c) limitations on attendance at or participation in the meeting to stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, their duly authorized and constituted proxies or such other persons as the Chairman of the Meeting shall determine; (d) restrictions on entry to the meeting after the time fixed for the commencement thereof; (e) restrictions on the use of audio or video recording devices at the meeting; and (f) limitations on the time allotted to questions or comments by participants. Should any person in attendance become unruly or obstruct the meeting proceedings, the Chairman of the Meeting shall have the power to have such person removed from the meeting.  The Chairman of the Meeting at any meeting of stockholders, in addition to making any other determinations that may be appropriate to the conduct of the

 

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meeting, shall, if the facts warrant, determine and declare to the meeting that a matter or business was not properly brought before the meeting and if the Chairman of the Meeting should so determine, the Chairman of the Meeting shall so declare to the meeting and any such matter or business not properly brought before the meeting shall not be transacted or considered. Unless and to the extent determined by the Board of Directors or the Chairman of the Meeting, meetings of stockholders shall not be required to be held in accordance with the rules of parliamentary procedure. Notwithstanding anything in these Bylaws to the contrary, no business shall be conducted at a meeting except in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Article II.

 

SECTION 2.9.                                           Submission of Questionnaire; Representation and Agreement .  To be eligible to be a nominee for election or reelection as a director of the Corporation, a person must deliver (in accordance with the time periods prescribed for delivery of notice under Section  2.7 of these Bylaws) to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation a written questionnaire with respect to the background and qualification of such person and the background of any other person or entity on whose behalf the nomination is being made (which questionnaire shall be provided by the Secretary upon written request) and a written representation and agreement (in the form provided by the Secretary upon written request) that such person (A) is not and will not become a party to (1) any agreement, arrangement or understanding with, and has not given any commitment or assurance to, any person or entity as to how such person, if elected as a director of the Corporation, will act or vote on any issue or question (a “ Voting Commitment ”) that has not been disclosed to the Corporation or (2) any Voting Commitment that could limit or interfere with such person’s ability to comply, if elected as a director of the Corporation, with such person’s fiduciary duties under applicable law, (B) is not and will not become a party to any agreement, arrangement or understanding with any person or entity other than the Corporation with respect to any direct or indirect compensation, reimbursement or indemnification in connection with service or action as a director that has not been disclosed therein, and (C) in such person’s individual capacity and on behalf of any person or entity on whose behalf the nomination is being made, would be in compliance, if elected as a director of the Corporation, and will comply with all applicable publicly disclosed corporate governance, conflict of interest, confidentiality and stock ownership and trading policies and guidelines of the Corporation.

 

SECTION 2.10.                                    Procedure for Election of Directors; Required Vote .  Subject to the rights of the holders of any series of Preferred Stock to elect directors under specified circumstances, a plurality of the votes cast by the stockholders entitled to vote on the election of directors shall be sufficient to elect directors.  Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, cumulative voting for the election of directors shall be prohibited.  Except as otherwise provided by applicable law, the Certificate of Incorporation, the rules and regulations of any stock exchange applicable to the Corporation, or these Bylaws, in all matters other than the election of directors and certain non-binding advisory votes described below, the affirmative vote of a majority of the shares present in person or represented by proxy at the meeting and entitled to vote on the matter shall be the act of the stockholders.  In non-binding advisory matters with more than two possible vote choices, the affirmative vote of a plurality of the voting power of the outstanding shares present in person or represented by proxy at the meeting and entitled to vote on the matter shall be the recommendation of the stockholders.

 

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SECTION 2.11.                                    Inspectors of Elections; Opening and Closing the Polls .  The Board of Directors by resolution shall appoint one or more inspectors of election to act at the meetings of stockholders and make a written report thereof.  One or more persons may be designated as alternate inspectors to replace any inspector who fails to act.  If no inspector or alternate has been appointed to act or is able to act at a meeting of stockholders, the Chairman of the Meeting shall appoint one or more inspectors to act at the meeting.  Each inspector, before discharging his or her duties, shall take and sign an oath faithfully to execute the duties of inspector with strict impartiality and according to the best of his or her ability.  The inspectors shall have the duties prescribed by law.

 

The Chairman of the Meeting shall fix and announce at the meeting the date and time of the opening and the closing of the polls for each matter upon which the stockholders will vote at a meeting.

 

SECTION 2.12.                                    Stockholder Action by Written Consent .  Any action required or permitted to be taken by the stockholders of the Corporation must be taken at a duly called annual or special meeting of stockholders and may not be taken by any consent in writing in lieu of a meeting of such stockholders.

 

SECTION 2.13.                                    List of Stockholders Entitled to Vote .  The officer of the Corporation who has charge of the stock ledger of the Corporation shall prepare and make, at least ten (10) days before the date of every meeting of stockholders, a complete list of stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting; provided, however, if the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote is less than ten (10) days before the meeting date, the list shall reflect the stockholders entitled to vote as of the tenth (10th) day before the meeting date, arranged in alphabetical order and showing the address of each stockholder and the number of shares registered in the name of each stockholder.  Such list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder, for any purpose germane to the meeting, for a period of at least ten (10) days prior to the meeting, (i) on a reasonably accessible electronic network (provided that the information required to gain access to the list is provided with the notice of the meeting), or (ii) during ordinary business hours at the principal place of business of the Corporation.  If the meeting is to be held at a place, the list shall also be produced and kept at the time and place of the meeting during the whole time thereof and may be inspected by any stockholder who is present at the meeting.  If the meeting is held solely by means of remote communication, then the list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder during the whole time of the meeting on a reasonably accessible electronic network, and the information required to access the list shall be provided with the notice of the meeting

 

SECTION 2.14.                                    Fixing Date for Determination of Stockholders of Record for Meetings and Other Matters.

 

(A)                                Meetings .  In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to notice of any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment or recess thereof, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors and which record date shall not be more than sixty (60), nor less than ten (10), days before the date of such meeting.  If the Board of Directors so fixes such record date for notice of such meeting, such date shall also be

 

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the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote at such meeting unless the Board of Directors determines, at the time it fixes such record date for notice of such meeting, that a later date on or before the date of the meeting shall be the date for making such determination.  If no record date is fixed by the Board of Directors, then the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which notice is given.  A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment or recess of the meeting; provided , however, that the Board of Directors may fix a new record date for determination of stockholders entitled to vote at the adjourned or recessed meeting, and, in such case, shall also fix as the record date for stockholders entitled to notice of such adjourned or recessed meeting the same or an earlier date as that fixed for determination of stockholders entitled to vote in accordance herewith at the adjourned or recessed meeting.

 

(B)                                Unless otherwise restricted by the Certificate of Incorporation, in order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to express consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors, and which record date shall not be more than ten (10) days after the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors.  If no record date for determining stockholders entitled to express consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting is fixed by the Board of Directors, (i) when no prior action of the Board of Directors is required by law, the record date for such purpose shall be the first date on which a signed written consent setting forth the action taken or proposed to be taken is delivered to the corporation in accordance with applicable law, and (ii) if prior action by the Board of Directors is required by law, the record date for such purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board of Directors adopts the resolution taking such prior action.

 

(C)                                Other Actions .  In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights, or the stockholders entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock or for the purpose of any other lawful action (other than any stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting or action by written consent of stockholders), the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted, and which record date shall not be more than sixty (60) days prior to such action.  If no such record date is fixed, the record date for determining stockholders for any such purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board of Directors adopts the resolution relating thereto.

 

ARTICLE III

 

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

 

SECTION 3.1.                                           General Powers .  The business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of the Board of Directors.  In addition to the powers and authorities by these Bylaws expressly conferred upon them, the Board of Directors may exercise all such powers of the Corporation and do all such lawful acts and things as are not by statute or

 

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by the Certificate of Incorporation or by these Bylaws required to be exercised or done by the stockholders.

 

SECTION 3.2.                                           Number, Tenure and Qualifications .  Subject to the rights of the holders of any series of Preferred Stock to elect directors under specified circumstances, the number of directors shall be fixed from time to time exclusively pursuant to a resolution adopted by a majority of the total number of directors then in office (the “ Whole Board ”).  No decrease in the authorized number of directors constituting the Whole Board shall shorten the term of any incumbent director.  Directors need not be stockholders of the Corporation.

 

SECTION 3.3.                                           Regular Meetings .  A regular meeting of the Board of Directors shall be held without other notice than these Bylaws immediately after, and at the same place as, the Annual Meeting of Stockholders.  Subject to Section 3.5 of these Bylaws, the Board of Directors may, by resolution, provide the time and place for the holding of additional regular meetings.

 

SECTION 3.4.                                           Special Meetings .  Except as otherwise provided by law or by the Certificate of Incorporation and subject to Section 3.5 of these Bylaws, special meetings of the Board of Directors of the Corporation may be called only by the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the Lead Director, if one has been designated by the Board of Directors, or the Board of Directors pursuant to a resolution adopted by a majority of the Whole Board.  The person or persons authorized to call special meetings of the Board of Directors may fix the place and time of the meetings.

 

SECTION 3.5.                                           Notice .  Notice of any meeting of directors shall be given to each director at his or her business or residence in writing by any means permitted by Section 6.7 of these Bylaws, orally by telephone, by facsimile or by other electronic transmission (including, without limitation, by electronic mail).  If delivered by first-class mail, such notice shall be deemed adequately delivered when deposited in the United States mail so addressed, postage prepaid, at least five days before such meeting.  If delivered by overnight courier service, such notice shall be deemed adequately delivered when the notice is delivered to the overnight courier service company at least 24 hours before such meeting.  If delivered by facsimile transmission, such notice shall be deemed adequately delivered when the notice is transmitted at least 24 hours before such meeting.  If delivered by telephone or by hand delivery, the notice shall be given at least 24 hours prior to the time set for the meeting.  If delivered by electronic mail, the notice shall be deemed adequately delivered when the notice is directed to an electronic mail address at which the director has consented to receive notice.  Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any regular or special meeting of the Board of Directors need be specified in the notice of such meeting.  A meeting may be held at any time without notice if all the directors are present or if those not present waive notice of the meeting in accordance with Section 6.3 of these Bylaws.

 

SECTION 3.6.                                           Action by Consent of Board of Directors .  Any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board of Directors or of any committee thereof may be taken without a meeting if all members of the Board of Directors or committee, as the case may be, consent thereto in writing or by electronic transmission, and the writing or writings or electronic transmission or transmissions are filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board of Directors or committee.  Such filing shall be in paper form if the minutes are maintained in paper

 

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form and shall be in electronic form if the minutes are maintained in electronic form.  Such consent shall have the same force and effect as a unanimous vote at a meeting, and may be stated as such in any document or instrument filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware.

 

SECTION 3.7.                                           Conference Telephone Meetings .  Members of the Board of Directors, or any committee thereof, may participate in a meeting of the Board of Directors or such committee by means of conference telephone or other communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and such participation in a meeting shall constitute presence in person at such meeting.

 

SECTION 3.8.                                           Quorum .  Subject to Section 3.9 of these Bylaws, a whole number of directors equal to at least a majority of the Whole Board shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, but if at any meeting of the Board of Directors there shall be less than a quorum present, a majority of the directors present may adjourn the meeting from time to time without further notice.  The act of the majority of the directors present at a meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the Board of Directors.

 

SECTION 3.9.                                           Vacancies .  Subject to the rights of the holders of any series of Preferred Stock to elect directors under specified circumstances, vacancies resulting from death, resignation, retirement, disqualification, removal from office or other cause, and newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the authorized number of directors, may be filled solely by the affirmative vote of a majority of the total number of directors then in office, even if less than a quorum of the Board of Directors, or by a sole remaining director, and shall not be filled by the stockholders.  Any director elected to fill a vacancy not resulting from an increase in the number of directors shall hold office for the remaining term of his predecessor.  No decrease in the number of authorized directors constituting the Board shall shorten the term of any incumbent director.

 

SECTION 3.10.                                    Executive and Other Committees .  The Board of Directors may, by resolution adopted by a majority of the Whole Board, designate an Executive Committee to exercise, subject to applicable provisions of law, all the powers of the Board of Directors in the management of the business and affairs of the Corporation when the Board of Directors is not in session, and may, by resolution similarly adopted, designate one or more other committees.  The Executive Committee and each such other committee shall consist of one or more directors of the Corporation.  The Board of Directors may designate one or more directors as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the committee.  Any such committee, other than the Executive Committee (the powers of which are expressly provided for herein), may to the extent permitted by law exercise such powers and shall have such responsibilities as shall be specified in the designating resolution.  In the absence or disqualification of any member of such committee or committees, the member or members thereof present at any meeting and not disqualified from voting, whether or not constituting a quorum, may unanimously appoint another member of the Board of Directors to act at the meeting in the place of any such absent or disqualified member.  Each committee shall keep written minutes of its proceedings and shall report such proceedings to the Board of Directors when required.

 

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A majority of any committee may determine its action and fix the time and place of its meetings, unless the Board of Directors shall otherwise provide.  Notice of such meetings shall be given to each member of the committee in the manner provided for in Section 3.5 of these Bylaws.  The Board of Directors shall have power at any time to fill vacancies in, to change the membership of, or to dissolve any such committee.  Nothing herein shall be deemed to prevent the Board of Directors from appointing one or more committees consisting in whole or in part of persons who are not directors of the Corporation; provided, however, that no such committee shall have or may exercise any authority of the Board of Directors.

 

SECTION 3.11.                                    Removal .  Subject to the rights of the holders of any series of Preferred Stock with respect to directors elected by such holders in accordance with the Certificate of Incorporation, any director may be removed from office at any time, but only for cause and in accordance with applicable law and the Certificate of Incorporation.

 

SECTION 3.12.                                    Records .  The Board of Directors shall cause to be kept a record containing the minutes of the proceedings of the meetings of the Board of Directors and of the stockholders, appropriate stock books and registers and such books of records and accounts as may be necessary for the proper conduct of the business of the Corporation.

 

SECTION 3.13.                                    Compensation .  Unless otherwise restricted by the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, the Board of Directors shall have authority to fix the compensation of directors, including fees and reimbursement of expenses.

 

ARTICLE IV

 

OFFICERS

 

SECTION 4.1.                                           Elected Officers .  The elected officers of the Corporation shall be a Chairman of the Board, a Chief Executive Officer, a President, a Secretary, a Treasurer, and such other officers (including, without limitation, a Chief Financial Officer) as the Board of Directors from time to time may deem proper.  The Chairman of the Board shall be chosen from among the directors.  All officers elected by the Board of Directors shall have such powers and duties as generally pertain to their respective offices, subject to the specific provisions of this Article IV.  Such officers shall also have such powers and duties as from time to time may be conferred by the Board of Directors or by any committee thereof.  The Board of Directors or any committee thereof may from time to time elect, or the Chairman of the Board or Chief Executive Officer may appoint, such other officers (including one or more Assistant Vice Presidents, Assistant Secretaries, Assistant Treasurers, and Assistant Controllers) and such agents as may be necessary or desirable for the conduct of the business of the Corporation.  Such other officers and agents shall have such duties and shall hold their offices for such terms as shall be provided in these Bylaws or as may be prescribed by the Board of Directors or such committee or by the Chairman of the Board or Chief Executive Officer, as the case may be.  Any number of offices may be held by the same person.

 

SECTION 4.2.                                           Election and Term of Office .  The elected officers of the Corporation shall be elected annually by the Board of Directors at the regular meeting of the Board of Directors held after the annual meeting of the stockholders.  If the election of officers shall not

 

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be held at such meeting, such election shall be held as soon thereafter as convenient.  Each officer shall hold office until his or her successor shall have been duly elected and shall have qualified or until his or her death or until he or she shall resign, but any officer may be removed from office at any time by the affirmative vote of a majority of the Whole Board or, except in the case of an officer or agent elected by the Board of Directors, by the Chairman of the Board or Chief Executive Officer.  Such removal shall be without prejudice to the contractual rights, if any, of the person so removed.

 

SECTION 4.3.                                           Chairman of the Board .  The Chairman of the Board shall preside at all meetings of the Board of Directors.  The Chairman of the Board shall advise and counsel the Chief Executive Officer and other officers and shall exercise such powers and perform such duties as shall be assigned to or required of the Chairman of the Board from time to time by the Board of Directors or these Bylaws.  He or she shall make reports to the Board of Directors and the stockholders, and shall see that all orders and resolutions of the Board of Directors and of any committee thereof are carried into effect.  The Chairman of the Board may also serve as the Chief Executive Officer, if so elected by the Board of Directors.

 

SECTION 4.4.                                           Chief Executive Officer .  The Chief Executive Officer shall be the chief executive officer of the Corporation, shall have general supervision of the affairs of the Corporation and general control of all of its business subject to the ultimate authority of the Board of Directors, and shall be responsible for the execution of the policies of the Board of Directors.  In the absence (or inability to act) of the Chairman of the Board and the Lead Director, if one has been designated by the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer (if he or she shall be a director) shall preside when present at all meetings of the stockholders and the Board of Directors.

 

SECTION 4.5.                                           President .  The President shall, subject to the authority of the Chief Executive Officer and the Board of Directors, have general management and control of the day-to-day business operations of the Corporation and shall consult with and report to the Chief Executive Officer.  The President shall put into operation the business policies of the Corporation as determined by the Chief Executive Officer and the Board of Directors as communicated to the President by the Chief Executive Officer and the Board of Directors.  The President shall make recommendations to the Chief Executive Officer on all operational matters that would normally be reserved for the final executive responsibility of the Chief Executive Officer.  In the absence (or inability to act) of the Chairman of the Board, the Lead Director, if one has been designated by the Board of Directors, and the Chief Executive Officer, the President (if he or she shall be a director) shall preside when present at all meetings of the stockholders and the Board of Directors.

 

SECTION 4.6.                                           Vice-Presidents .  Each Vice President shall have such powers and shall perform such duties as shall be assigned to him or her by the Board of Directors.

 

SECTION 4.7.                                           Treasurer .  The Treasurer shall exercise general supervision over the receipt, custody and disbursement of corporate funds.  The Treasurer shall cause the funds of the Corporation to be deposited in such banks as may be authorized by the Board of Directors, or in such banks as may be designated as depositaries in the manner provided by resolution of the Board of Directors.  He or she shall have such further powers and duties and shall be subject to

 

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such directions as may be granted or imposed upon him or her from time to time by the Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board or the Chief Executive Officer.

 

SECTION 4.8.                                           Secretary .  The Secretary shall keep or cause to be kept in one or more books provided for that purpose, the minutes of all meetings of the Board of Directors, the committees of the Board of Directors and the stockholders; he or she shall see that all notices are duly given in accordance with the provisions of these Bylaws and as required by law; he or she shall be custodian of the records of the Corporation; and he or she shall see that the books, reports, statements, certificates and other documents and records required by law to be kept and filed are properly kept and filed; and in general, he or she shall perform all the duties incident to the office of Secretary and such other duties as from time to time may be assigned to him or her by the Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board or the Chief Executive Officer.

 

SECTION 4.9.                                           Removal .  Any officer elected, or agent appointed, by the Board of Directors may be removed by the affirmative vote of a majority of the Whole Board whenever, in their judgment, the best interests of the Corporation would be served thereby.  Any officer or agent appointed by the Chairman of the Board or the Chief Executive Officer may be removed by him or her whenever, in his or her judgment, the best interests of the Corporation would be served thereby.  No elected officer shall have any contractual rights against the Corporation for compensation by virtue of such election beyond the date of the election of his or her successor or his or her death, resignation or removal, whichever event shall first occur, except as otherwise provided in an employment contract or under an employee deferred compensation plan.

 

SECTION 4.10.                                    Vacancies .  A newly created elected office and a vacancy in any elected office because of death, resignation, retirement or removal may be filled solely by the Board of Directors for the unexpired portion of the term at any meeting of the Board of Directors and shall not be filled by the Stockholders.  Any vacancy in an office appointed by the Chairman of the Board or the Chief Executive Officer because of death, resignation, retirement or removal may be filled by the Chairman of the Board or the Chief Executive Officer.

 

SECTION 4.11.                                    Action with Respect to Securities of Other Corporations .  Unless otherwise directed by the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer or any officer authorized by the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer or the President, shall have power to vote and otherwise act on behalf of the Corporation, in person or by proxy, at any meeting of security holders of or with respect to any action of security holders of any other corporation in which the Corporation may hold securities and otherwise to exercise any and all rights and powers that the Corporation may possess by reason of its ownership of securities in such other corporation.

 

SECTION 4.12.                                    Delegation .  The Board of Directors may from time to time delegate the powers and duties of any officer to any other officer or agent, notwithstanding any provision hereof.

 

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ARTICLE V

 

STOCK CERTIFICATES AND TRANSFERS

 

SECTION 5.1.                                           Stock Certificates and Transfers .  The interest of each stockholder of the Corporation shall be evidenced by certificates for shares of stock in such form as the appropriate officers of the Corporation may from time to time prescribe; provided that the Board of Directors of the Corporation may provide by resolution or resolutions that some or all of any or all classes or series of its stock may be uncertificated shares.  Any such resolutions shall not apply to shares represented by a certificate until such certificate is surrendered to the Corporation.  The shares of the stock of the Corporation shall be transferred on the books of the Corporation, which may be maintained by a third party registrar or transfer agent, by the holder thereof in person or by his or her attorney, upon surrender for cancellation of certificates for at least the same number of shares, with an assignment and power of transfer endorsed thereon or attached thereto, duly executed, with such proof of the authenticity of the signature as the Corporation or its agents may reasonably require or upon receipt of proper transfer instructions from the registered holder of uncertificated shares and upon compliance with appropriate procedures for transferring shares in uncertificated form.

 

Every holder of stock represented by certificates shall be entitled to have a certificate signed by, or in the name of the Corporation by, the Chairman of the Board, or the President or a Vice-President, and by the Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer, or the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary, of the Corporation, representing the number of shares registered in certificate form. Any or all of the signatures on the certificate may be a facsimile.  In case any officer, transfer agent or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon a certificate has ceased to be such officer, transfer agent or registrar before such certificate is issued, such certificate may be issued by the Corporation with the same effect as if he or she were such officer, transfer agent or registrar at the date of issue.

 

SECTION 5.2.                                           Ownership of Shares .  The Corporation shall be entitled to treat the holder of record of any share or shares of stock of the Corporation as the holder in fact thereof and, accordingly, shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in such share or shares on the part of any other person, whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise required by the laws of the State of Delaware.

 

SECTION 5.3.                                           Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Certificates .  No certificate for shares or uncertificated shares of stock in the Corporation shall be issued in place of any certificate alleged to have been lost, destroyed or stolen, except on production of such evidence of such loss, destruction or theft and on delivery to the Corporation of a bond of indemnity in such amount, upon such terms and secured by such surety, as the Board of Directors or any financial officer may in its or his or her discretion require.

 

16


 

ARTICLE VI

 

MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

 

SECTION 6.1.                                           Fiscal Year .  The fiscal year of the Corporation shall begin on the first day of January and end on the thirty-first day of December of each year.

 

SECTION 6.2.                                           Dividends .  Except as otherwise provided by law or the Certificate of Incorporation, the Board of Directors may from time to time declare, and the Corporation may pay, dividends on its outstanding shares of capital stock, which dividends may be paid in either cash, property or shares of capital stock of the Corporation.  A member of the Board of Directors, or a member of any committee designated by the Board of Directors, shall be fully protected in relying in good faith upon the records of the Corporation and upon such information, opinions, reports or statements presented to the Corporation by any of its officers or employees, or committees of the Board of Directors, or by any other person as to matters the director reasonably believes are within such other person’s professional or expert competence and who has been selected with reasonable care by or on behalf of the Corporation, as to the value and amount of the assets, liabilities or net profits of the Corporation, or any other facts pertinent to the existence and amount of surplus or other funds from which dividends might properly be declared and paid.

 

SECTION 6.3.                                           Waiver of Notice .  Whenever any notice is required to be given to any stockholder or director of the Corporation under the provisions of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, a waiver thereof in writing, signed by the person entitled to such notice, or a waiver by electronic transmission by the person entitled to notice, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent to the giving of such notice.  Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any annual or special meeting of the stockholders or the Board of Directors or committee thereof need be specified in any waiver of notice of such meeting.  Attendance of a person at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except when the person attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting, at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened.

 

SECTION 6.4.                                           Audits .  The accounts, books and records of the Corporation shall be audited upon the conclusion of each fiscal year by an independent certified public accountant selected by the Board of Directors, and it shall be the duty of the Board of Directors to cause such audit to be done annually.

 

SECTION 6.5.                                           Resignations .  Any director or any officer, whether elected or appointed, may resign at any time by giving written notice or notice via electronic transmission of such resignation to the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, or the Secretary, and such resignation shall be deemed to be effective as of the close of business on the date said notice is received by the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, or the Secretary, or at such later time as is specified therein.  No formal action shall be required of the Board of Directors or the stockholders to make any such resignation effective.

 

17



 

SECTION 6.6.                                           Indemnification and Insurance.

 

(A)                                (1)                                  Each person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to or is involved in any Proceeding (other than a Proceeding by or in the right of the Corporation), by reason of the fact that he or she is or was a director or officer of the Corporation, or, while serving as a director or officer of the Corporation, is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of a Subject Enterprise, shall be indemnified and held harmless by the Corporation to the fullest extent permitted by law, against all Expenses, liabilities and amounts paid in settlement which were actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection therewith, and such indemnification shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director or officer of the Corporation, or a director, officer, employee or agent of a Subject Enterprise entitled to indemnification hereunder, and shall inure to the benefit of his or her heirs, executors and administrators.

 

(2)                                  Each person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to or is involved in any Proceeding brought by or in the right of the Corporation to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that he or she is or was a director or officer of the Corporation or, while serving as a director or officer of the Corporation, is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of a Subject Enterprise, shall be indemnified and held harmless by the Corporation, to the fullest extent permitted by law, against all Expenses actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection therewith, and such indemnification shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director, officer, employee or agent and shall inure to the benefit of his or her heirs, executors and administrators.

 

(3)                                  Notwithstanding Section 6.6(A)(1) and (2) of these Bylaws, except as otherwise provided in paragraph (C) of this Section 6.6, the Corporation shall indemnify any such person seeking indemnification in connection with a Proceeding (or part thereof) initiated by such person only if such Proceeding (or part thereof) was authorized in the first instance by the Board of Directors.

 

(4)                                  The right of any person to indemnification conferred in these Bylaws shall be a contract right and shall include the right of such person to be paid by the Corporation the Expenses incurred in defending any such Proceeding in advance of its final disposition, such advances to be paid by the Corporation within thirty days after the receipt by the Corporation of a statement or statements from the person requesting such advance or advances from time to time; provided, however, that the payment of such expenses incurred by such person in advance of the final disposition of a Proceeding shall be made only upon delivery to the Corporation of an undertaking by or on behalf of such person to repay such amount if it is ultimately determined that he or she is not entitled to be indemnified against such Expenses by the Corporation pursuant to these Bylaws, the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware or otherwise.

 

(B)                                To obtain indemnification under paragraph (A)(1) or (A)(2) of this Section 6.6, a claimant shall submit to the Corporation a written request, including documentation and information which is reasonably available to the claimant and is reasonably necessary to determine whether the claimant is entitled to indemnification.  Upon written request by a claimant for indemnification pursuant to the first sentence of this paragraph (B), a determination, if required by applicable law, with respect to the claimant’s entitlement thereto shall be made as

 

18



 

follows: (1) if requested by the claimant, by Independent Counsel in a written opinion to the Board of Directors, a copy of which shall be delivered to the claimant, or (2) if no request is made by the claimant for a determination by Independent Counsel, (i) by the Board of Directors by a majority vote of a quorum consisting of Disinterested Directors, or (ii) if a quorum of the Board of Directors consisting of Disinterested Directors is not obtainable or, even if obtainable, such quorum of Disinterested Directors so directs, by Independent Counsel in a written opinion to the Board of Directors, a copy of which shall be delivered to the claimant.  The Independent Counsel shall be selected by the Board of Directors unless there shall have occurred within two years prior to the date of the commencement of the Proceeding for which indemnification is claimed a “Change of Control” as defined in the Corporation’s 2016 Long Term Incentive Plan, in which case the Independent Counsel shall be selected by the claimant unless the claimant shall request that such selection be made by the Board of Directors.  Such determination of entitlement to indemnification shall be made not later than 45 days after receipt by the Corporation of a written request for indemnification.  If it is so determined that the claimant is entitled to indemnification, payment to the claimant shall be made within 15 days after such determination.

 

(C)                                If a claim for indemnification under paragraph (A)(1) or (A)(2) of this Section 6.6 is not paid in full within 60 days after the Corporation has received a claim therefor by such claimant, or if a claim for advancement of expenses is not paid in full within 30 days after the Corporation has received a statement or statements requesting such amounts to be advanced pursuant to paragraph (A)(4) of this Section 6.6, such claimant shall thereupon (but not before) be entitled to file suit to recover the unpaid amount of such claim.  Such claimant shall be entitled to be paid the expense of prosecuting such claim to the fullest extent permitted by law.  The termination of any Proceeding by judgment, order, settlement or conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, shall not, of itself: (i) create a presumption that the claimant acted in bad faith or in a manner which he/she reasonably believed to be opposed to the best interests of the Corporation, or, with respect to any criminal Proceeding, that the claimant has reasonable cause to believe that the claimant’s conduct was unlawful; or (ii) otherwise adversely affect the rights of the claimant to indemnification, except as may be provided herein.

 

(D)                                If a determination shall have been made pursuant to paragraph (B) of this Section 6.6 that the claimant is entitled to indemnification, the Corporation shall be bound by such determination and shall be precluded from asserting that such determination has not been made.

 

(E)                                 The Corporation shall be precluded from asserting in any judicial Proceeding commenced pursuant to paragraph (C) of this Section 6.6 that the procedures and presumptions of these Bylaws are not valid, binding and enforceable and shall stipulate in such Proceeding that the Corporation is bound by all the provisions of these Bylaws.

 

(F)                                  The right to indemnification and the payment of Expenses incurred or reasonably expected to be incurred, in defending a Proceeding in advance of its final disposition conferred in these Bylaws shall not be exclusive of any other right which any person may have or hereafter acquire under any statute, provision of the Certificate of Incorporation, these Bylaws, agreement, vote of stockholders or Disinterested Directors or otherwise.  No repeal or modification of these Bylaws shall in any way diminish or adversely affect the rights of any director, officer, employee or agent of any Subject Enterprise hereunder in respect of any occurrence or matter arising prior to any such repeal or modification.

 

19



 

(G)                                The Corporation may purchase and maintain insurance, at its expense, to protect itself and any director, officer, employee or agent of any Subject Enterprise against any expense, liability or loss, whether or not the Corporation would have the power to indemnify such person against such expense, liability or loss under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware.  To the extent that the Corporation maintains any policy or policies providing such insurance, each such director or officer, and each such agent or employee to whom rights to indemnification have been granted as provided in paragraph (H) of this Section 6.6, shall be covered by such policy or policies in accordance with its or their terms to the maximum extent of the coverage thereunder for any such director, officer, employee or agent.

 

(H)                               The Corporation may, to the extent authorized from time to time by the Board of Directors, grant rights to indemnification, and rights to be paid by the Corporation the expenses incurred in defending any Proceeding in advance of its final disposition, to any employee or agent of the Corporation, or to any director, officer or agent of any Subject Enterprise, to the fullest extent of the provisions of these Bylaws with respect to the indemnification and advancement of expenses of directors and officers of the Corporation.

 

(I)                                    If any provision or provisions of these Bylaws shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable for any reason whatsoever: (1) the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions of these Bylaws (including, without limitation, each portion of any paragraph of these Bylaws containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, that is not itself held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby; and (2) to the fullest extent possible, the provisions of these Bylaws (including, without limitation, each such portion of any paragraph of these Bylaws containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall be construed so as to give effect to the intent manifested by the provision held invalid, illegal or unenforceable.

 

(J)                                    For purposes of this Section 6.6:

 

(1)                                  Disinterested Director ” means a director of the Corporation who is not and was not a party to the matter in respect of which indemnification is sought.

 

(2)                                  Expenses ” means judgments, penalties (including, but not limited to, excise and similar taxes) and fines against such person and all reasonable attorneys’ fees, accountants’ fees, retainers, court costs, transcript costs, fees of experts, witness fees, travel expenses, duplicating costs, printing and binding costs, telephone charges, postage, delivery service fees, and all other disbursements or expenses incurred in connection with prosecuting, defending, preparing to prosecute or defend, investigating or being or preparing to be a witness in any Proceeding or establishing such person’s right of entitlement to indemnification for any of the foregoing.

 

(3)                                  Independent Counsel ” means a law firm of at least 50 attorneys or a member of a law firm of at least 50 attorneys that is experienced in matters of corporate law and that neither is presently nor in the past five years has been retained to represent (i) the Corporation or the claimant or any affiliate thereof in any matter material to either such party or (ii) any other party to the Proceeding giving rise to a claim for indemnification hereunder.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, the term “Independent

 

20



 

Counsel” shall not include any person who, under the applicable standards of professional conduct then prevailing, would have a conflict of interest in representing either the Corporation or the claimant in an action to determine the claimant’s right to indemnification under these Bylaws.

 

(4)                                  Proceeding ” means any threatened, pending or completed action, suit, arbitration, investigation, inquiry, alternative dispute resolution mechanism, administrative or legislative hearing, or any other proceeding (including, without limitation, any securities laws action, suit, arbitration, investigation, inquiry, alternative dispute resolution mechanism, hearing or procedure) whether civil, criminal, administrative, arbitrative or investigative and whether or not based upon events occurring, or actions taken, before the date hereof, and any appeal in or related to any such action, suit, arbitration, investigation, inquiry, alternative dispute resolution mechanism, hearing or proceeding and any inquiry or investigation (including discovery), whether conducted by or in the right of the Corporation or any other person, that such person in good faith believes could lead to any such action, suit, arbitration, investigation, inquiry, alternative dispute resolution mechanism, hearing or other proceeding or appeal thereof.

 

(5)                                  Subject Enterprise ” means the Corporation or any of the Corporation’s direct or indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries or any other entity, including, but not limited to, another corporation, partnership, limited liability company, employee benefit plan, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, for which a person is or was serving as a director, officer, employee, agent or fiduciary at the request of the Corporation.

 

(K)                                Any notice, request or other communication required or permitted to be given to the Corporation under this Section 6.6 shall be in writing and either delivered in person or sent by facsimile, electronic transmission, overnight courier service, or certified or registered mail, postage prepaid, return receipt requested, to the Secretary of the Corporation and shall be effective only upon receipt by the Secretary.

 

SECTION 6.7.                                           Notices .  Except as otherwise specifically provided herein or required by law, all notices required to be given to any stockholder, director, officer, employee or agent shall be in writing and may in every instance be effectively given by hand delivery to the recipient thereof, by depositing such notice in the United States mail, postage paid, or by sending such notice by commercial courier service, or by facsimile or other electronic transmission (including, without limitation, by electronic mail), provided that notice to any stockholder by electronic transmission shall be given only in a manner to which the stockholder has consented, which consent has not been revoked, and in accordance with Section 232 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware.  Any such notice shall be addressed to such stockholder, director, officer, employee or agent at his or her last known address as the same appears on the books of the Corporation.  The time when such notice shall be deemed to have been given shall be the time such notice is received by such stockholder, director, officer, employee or agent, or by any person accepting such notice on behalf of such person, if delivered by hand, facsimile, other electronic transmission or commercial courier service, or the time such notice is deposited in the United States mail, postage prepaid, if delivered through the mail.  Without limiting the manner by which notice otherwise may be given in accordance with this

 

21



 

Section 6.7, notice to any stockholder shall be deemed given: (1) if by facsimile, when directed to a number at which the stockholder has consented to receive notice; (2) if by electronic mail, when directed to an electronic mail address at which the stockholder has consented to receive notice; (3) if by posting on an electronic network together with separate notice to the stockholder of such specific posting, upon the later of (A) such posting and (B) the giving of such separate notice; (4) if by any other form of electronic transmission, when directed to the stockholder; and (5) if by mail, when deposited in the mail, postage prepaid, directed to the stockholder at such stockholder’s address as it appears on the records of the Corporation.

 

SECTION 6.8.                                           Facsimile Signatures .  In addition to the provisions for use of facsimile signatures elsewhere specifically authorized in these Bylaws, facsimile signatures of any officer or officers of the Corporation may be used whenever and as authorized by the Board of Directors or a committee thereof.

 

SECTION 6.9.                                           Time Periods .  In applying any provision of these Bylaws which requires that an act be done or not done a specified number of days prior to an event or that an act be done during a period of a specified number of days prior to an event, calendar days shall be used, the day of the doing of the act shall be excluded, and the day of the event shall be included.

 

ARTICLE VII

 

CONTRACTS, PROXIES, ETC.

 

SECTION 7.1.                                           Contracts .  Except as otherwise required by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, any contracts or other instruments may be executed and delivered in the name and on behalf of the Corporation by such officer or officers of the Corporation as the Board of Directors may from time to time direct.  Such authority may be general or confined to specific instances as the Board of Directors may determine.  The Chief Executive Officer, the President or any Vice President may execute bonds, contracts, deeds, leases and other instruments to be made or executed for or on behalf of the Corporation.  Subject to any restrictions that the Board of Directors may impose, the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the President or any Vice President of the Corporation may delegate contractual powers to others under his or her authority, it being understood, however, that any such delegation of power shall not relieve such officer of responsibility with respect to the exercise of such delegated power.

 

SECTION 7.2.                                           Proxies .  Unless otherwise provided by resolution adopted by the Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the President or any Vice President may from time to time appoint an attorney or attorneys or agent or agents of the Corporation, in the name and on behalf of the Corporation, to cast the votes which the Corporation may be entitled to cast as the holder of stock or other securities in any other corporation, limited liability company or other entity, any of whose stock or other securities may be held by the Corporation, at meetings of the holders of the stock or other securities of such other entity, or to consent in writing, in the name of the Corporation as such holder, to any action by such other entity, and may instruct the person or persons so appointed as to the manner of casting such votes or giving such consent, and may execute or cause to be executed in the name

 

22



 

and on behalf of the Corporation, all such written proxies or other instruments as he or she may deem necessary or proper in the premises.

 

ARTICLE VIII

 

AMENDMENTS

 

SECTION 8.1.                                           Amendments .  The Board of Directors shall have the power to adopt, amend or repeal these Bylaws; provided, however, that any such adoption, amendment or repeal of these Bylaws by the Board of Directors shall require the approval of a majority of the Whole Board.  Notwithstanding any additional vote of the Preferred Stock or any series thereof required hereby or by any Preferred Stock Designation, these Bylaws may be adopted, altered, amended or repealed by the stockholders of the Corporation with the vote of holders of not less than 66 2 / 3 %  of the Voting Stock.

 

23




Exhibit 10.1

 

Execution Version

 

 

 

CREDIT AGREEMENT

 

dated as of September 4, 2014

 

Among

 

EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC
as Borrower,

 

WELLS FARGO BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION

as Administrative Agent and Issuing Lender,

 

and

 

THE LENDERS NAMED HEREIN

as Lenders

 

$500,000,000

 

 

 

WELLS FARGO SECURITIES, LLC

AS ARRANGER AND SOLE BOOKRUNNER

 



 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

 

 

Page

 

 

 

ARTICLE 1                               DEFINITIONS AND ACCOUNTING TERMS

1

 

 

 

Section 1.1

Certain Defined Terms

1

 

 

 

Section 1.2

Computation of Time Periods

25

 

 

 

Section 1.3

Accounting Terms; Changes in GAAP

25

 

 

 

Section 1.4

Types of Loans

26

 

 

 

Section 1.5

Miscellaneous

26

 

 

 

ARTICLE 2                               CREDIT FACILITIES

26

 

 

 

Section 2.1

Commitment for Loans

26

 

 

 

Section 2.2

Borrowing Base

27

 

 

 

Section 2.3

Letters of Credit

30

 

 

 

Section 2.4

Loans

36

 

 

 

Section 2.5

Prepayments

37

 

 

 

Section 2.6

Repayment

40

 

 

 

Section 2.7

Fees

40

 

 

 

Section 2.8

Interest

41

 

 

 

Section 2.9

Illegality

41

 

 

 

Section 2.10

Breakage Costs

42

 

 

 

Section 2.11

Increased Costs

42

 

 

 

Section 2.12

Payments and Computations

43

 

 

 

Section 2.13

Taxes

45

 

 

 

Section 2.14

Mitigation Obligations; Replacement of Lenders

48

 

 

 

Section 2.15

Cash Collateral

49

 

 

 

Section 2.16

Defaulting Lenders

50

 

 

 

ARTICLE 3                               CONDITIONS OF LENDING

52

 

 

 

Section 3.1

Conditions Precedent to Initial Borrowing

52

 

 

 

Section 3.2

Conditions Precedent to Each Borrowing and to Each Issuance, Extension or Renewal of a Letter of Credit

57

 

 

 

Section 3.3

Determinations Under Sections 3.1 and 3.2

57

 

 

 

ARTICLE 4                               REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES

58

 

 

 

Section 4.1

Organization

58

 

 

 

Section 4.2

Authorization

58

 



 

Section 4.3

Enforceability

58

 

 

 

Section 4.4

Financial Condition

58

 

 

 

Section 4.5

Title; Ownership and Liens; Real Property

59

 

 

 

Section 4.6

True and Complete Disclosure

59

 

 

 

Section 4.7

Litigation

59

 

 

 

Section 4.8

Compliance with Agreements; No Defaults

59

 

 

 

Section 4.9

Pension Plans

60

 

 

 

Section 4.10

Environmental Condition

60

 

 

 

Section 4.11

Subsidiaries

61

 

 

 

Section 4.12

Investment Company Act

61

 

 

 

Section 4.13

Taxes

61

 

 

 

Section 4.14

Permits, Licenses, etc.

61

 

 

 

Section 4.15

Use of Proceeds

61

 

 

 

Section 4.16

Condition of Property; Casualties

61

 

 

 

Section 4.17

Insurance

62

 

 

 

Section 4.18

Security Interest

62

 

 

 

Section 4.19

OFAC; Anti-Terrorism

62

 

 

 

Section 4.20

Solvency

62

 

 

 

Section 4.21

Gas Contracts

62

 

 

 

Section 4.22

Liens, Leases, Etc.

62

 

 

 

Section 4.23

Hedging Agreements

63

 

 

 

Section 4.24

Material Agreements

63

 

 

 

Section 4.25

Restriction on Liens

63

 

 

 

Section 4.26

Location of Business and Offices

63

 

 

 

Section 4.27

Foreign Corrupt Practices

63

 

 

 

ARTICLE 5                               AFFIRMATIVE COVENANTS

64

 

 

 

Section 5.1

Organization

64

 

 

 

Section 5.2

Reporting

64

 

 

 

Section 5.3

Insurance

68

 

 

 

Section 5.4

Compliance with Laws

69

 

 

 

Section 5.5

Taxes

69

 

 

 

Section 5.6

New Subsidiaries

69

 

 

 

Section 5.7

Agreement to Pledge; Security

69

 

ii



 

Section 5.8

Deposit Accounts

70

 

 

 

Section 5.9

Records; Inspection

70

 

 

 

Section 5.10

Maintenance of Property

70

 

 

 

Section 5.11

Title Evidence and Opinions

70

 

 

 

Section 5.12

Further Assurances; Cure of Title Defects

71

 

 

 

Section 5.13

Leases; Development and Maintenance

71

 

 

 

Section 5.14

Post-Closing Requirement

71

 

 

 

ARTICLE 6                               NEGATIVE COVENANTS

72

 

 

 

Section 6.1

Debt

72

 

 

 

Section 6.2

Liens

74

 

 

 

Section 6.3

Investments

76

 

 

 

Section 6.4

Acquisitions

77

 

 

 

Section 6.5

Agreements Restricting Liens

77

 

 

 

Section 6.6

Use of Proceeds; Use of Letters of Credit

77

 

 

 

Section 6.7

Corporate Actions; Accounting Changes

77

 

 

 

Section 6.8

Sale of Assets

78

 

 

 

Section 6.9

Restricted Payments

79

 

 

 

Section 6.10

Affiliate Transactions

80

 

 

 

Section 6.11

Line of Business; No International Operations

80

 

 

 

Section 6.12

Hazardous Materials

80

 

 

 

Section 6.13

Compliance with ERISA

80

 

 

 

Section 6.14

Sale and Leaseback Transactions

81

 

 

 

Section 6.15

Limitation on Hedging

81

 

 

 

Section 6.16

Financial Covenants

84

 

 

 

Section 6.17

Prepayment of Certain Debt and Other Obligations

85

 

 

 

Section 6.18

Gas Imbalances, Take-or-Pay or Other Prepayments

85

 

 

 

Section 6.19

Sale or Discount of Receivables

85

 

 

 

Section 6.20

Second Lien Debt

85

 

 

 

Section 6.21

Limitation on Leases

86

 

 

 

Section 6.22

Subsidiaries

86

 

 

 

Section 6.23

Marketing Activities

86

 

 

 

Section 6.24

Sanctions

86

 

 

 

Section 6.25

Material Contracts

86

 

iii



 

Section 6.26

Repurchase Agreements

87

 

 

 

Section 6.27

Debt Incurrence

87

 

 

 

ARTICLE 7                               DEFAULT AND REMEDIES

87

 

 

 

Section 7.1

Events of Default

87

 

 

 

Section 7.2

Optional Acceleration of Maturity

89

 

 

 

Section 7.3

Automatic Acceleration of Maturity

89

 

 

 

Section 7.4

Set-off

90

 

 

 

Section 7.5

Remedies Cumulative, No Waiver

90

 

 

 

Section 7.6

Application of Payments

90

 

 

 

ARTICLE 8                               THE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT

91

 

 

 

Section 8.1

Appointment, Powers, and Immunities

91

 

 

 

Section 8.2

Rights as a Lender

92

 

 

 

Section 8.3

Exculpatory Provisions

92

 

 

 

Section 8.4

Reliance by Administrative Agent

93

 

 

 

Section 8.5

Delegation of Duties

93

 

 

 

Section 8.6

Resignation of Administrative Agent

93

 

 

 

Section 8.7

Non-Reliance on Administrative Agent and Other Lenders

94

 

 

 

Section 8.8

No Other Duties, etc.

95

 

 

 

Section 8.9

Administrative Agent May File Proofs of Claim

95

 

 

 

Section 8.10

Collateral and Guaranty Matters

95

 

 

 

Section 8.11

Intercreditor Agreement

96

 

 

 

ARTICLE 9                               MISCELLANEOUS

96

 

 

 

Section 9.1

Costs and Expenses

96

 

 

 

Section 9.2

Indemnification; Waiver of Damages

97

 

 

 

Section 9.3

Waivers and Amendments

98

 

 

 

Section 9.4

Severability

99

 

 

 

Section 9.5

Survival of Representations and Obligations

99

 

 

 

Section 9.6

Binding Effect

99

 

 

 

Section 9.7

Successors and Assigns

100

 

 

 

Section 9.8

Confidentiality

103

 

 

 

Section 9.9

Notices, Etc.

104

 

 

 

Section 9.10

Usury Not Intended

104

 

 

 

Section 9.11

Usury Recapture

105

 

iv



 

Section 9.12

Governing Law; Service of Process

105

 

 

 

Section 9.13

Submission to Jurisdiction

105

 

 

 

Section 9.14

Execution in Counterparts; Effectiveness; Electronic Execution

106

 

 

 

Section 9.15

Waiver of Jury Trial

106

 

 

 

Section 9.16

USA Patriot Act

106

 

 

 

Section 9.17

Enduring Security

106

 

 

 

Section 9.18

Keepwell

107

 

 

 

Section 9.19

No Advisory or Fiduciary Responsibility

107

 

 

 

Section 9.20

Confirmation of Flood Policies and Procedures

107

 

 

 

Section 9.21

Integration

108

 

v



 

SCHEDULES:

 

Schedule I

— Commitments, Contact Information

Schedule II

— Pricing Grid

Schedule II

— Additional Conditions and Requirements for New Subsidiaries

Schedule 3.1

— Hedge Requirement

Schedule 4.1

— Organizational Information

Schedule 4.11

— Subsidiaries

Schedule 4.16

— Material Real Property

Schedule 4.23

— Hedging Agreements

Schedule 4.24

— Material Agreements

 

EXHIBITS:

 

 

 

Exhibit A

— Form of Assignment and Assumption

Exhibit B

— Form of Borrowing Base Certificate

Exhibit C

— Form of Compliance Certificate

Exhibit D

— Form of Guaranty

Exhibit E

— Form of Notice of Borrowing

Exhibit F

— Form of Notice of Continuation or Conversion

Exhibit G

— Form of Pledge and Security Agreement

Exhibit H

— Form of Note

Exhibit I

— Form of Transfer Letter

Exhibit J

— Form of Tax Certificates

 

vi


 

CREDIT AGREEMENT

 

This CREDIT AGREEMENT dated as of September 4, 2014 (the “ Agreement ”) is among Extraction Oil & Gas Holdings, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “ Borrower ”), the Lenders (as defined below) and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association as Administrative Agent (as defined below) for the Lenders and as Issuing Lender (as defined below).

 

In consideration of the mutual covenants and agreements herein contained, the parties hereto hereby agree as follows:

 

ARTICLE 1
DEFINITIONS AND ACCOUNTING TERMS

 

Section 1.1                                     Certain Defined Terms .  The following terms shall have the following meanings (unless otherwise indicated, such meanings to be equally applicable to both the singular and plural forms of the terms defined):

 

Acceptable Letter of Credit Maturity Date ” has the meaning assigned to it in Section 2.3(a)(ii)  of this Agreement.

 

Acceptable Security Interest ” means a Lien or security interest which (a) exists in favor of the Administrative Agent for its benefit and the ratable benefit of the Secured Parties, (b) is superior to all other security interests (other than Permitted Liens), (c) secures the Secured Obligations, (d) is enforceable against the Loan Party which created such security interest and (e) is perfected.

 

Account Control Agreement ” shall mean, as to any deposit account of any Loan Party held with a bank, an agreement or agreements in form and substance reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent, among the Loan Party owning such deposit account, the Administrative Agent, such other bank governing such deposit account, and, if applicable, the Second Lien Agent.

 

Acquisition ” means the purchase by any Loan Party of any business, division or enterprise, including the purchase of associated assets or operations or any Equity Interests of a Person; provided that a merger or consolidation solely among Loan Parties shall not constitute an Acquisition.

 

Adjusted Base Rate ” means, for any day, the fluctuating rate per annum of interest equal to the greatest of (a) the Prime Rate in effect on such day, (b) the Federal Funds Rate in effect on such day plus one half of 1.00%, and (c) a rate determined by the Administrative Agent to be the Daily One-Month LIBOR plus 1.00%.  Any change in the Adjusted Base Rate due to a change in the Prime Rate, Daily One-Month LIBOR or the Federal Funds Rate shall be effective on the effective date of such change in the Prime Rate, Daily One-Month LIBOR or the Federal Funds Rate.

 

Administrative Agent ” means Wells Fargo in its capacity as agent for the Lenders pursuant to Article 8 and any successor agent pursuant to Section 8.6 .

 

Administrative Questionnaire ” means an Administrative Questionnaire in a form supplied by the Administrative Agent.

 

Affiliate ” means, as to any Person, any other Person that, directly or indirectly, through one or more intermediaries, controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, such Person or any Subsidiary of such Person.  The term “control” (including the terms “controlled by” or “under common

 



 

control with”) means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a Person, whether through ownership of an Equity Interest, by contract, or otherwise.

 

Agreement ” means this Credit Agreement among the Borrower, the Lenders, the Issuing Lender and the Administrative Agent.

 

Applicable Margin ” means, with respect to each Type of Loan and the Letters of Credit, the percentage rate per annum set forth in the Pricing Grid based on the relevant Utilization Level applicable from time to time.  The Applicable Margin for any Loan or Letter of Credit shall change when and as the relevant Utilization Level changes.

 

Appointed Directors ” means members of the board of directors of the Borrower (a) that were appointed or nominated by any Yorktown Group Member, (b) whose election or nomination to such board was approved by individuals referred to in clause (a) above constituting at the time of such election or nomination at least a majority of such board, or (c) whose election or nomination to such board was approved by individuals referred to in clauses (a) and (b) above constituting at the time of such election or nomination at least a majority of that board.

 

Approved Counterparty ” means a counterparty to a Hedging Arrangement that at the time of entering into such Hedging Arrangement is a Person (other than a Lender or an Affiliate of a Lender) having, at the time the Hedging Arrangement is made, credit ratings with respect to their senior unsecured long-term debt obligations of A- or better from S&P or A3 or better from Moody’s (or such counterparty has a guarantor of its obligations under such Hedging Arrangement who is rated the same or better than such levels), or such other Person as may be approved by the Administrative Agent in its sole discretion.

 

Approved Fund ” means any Fund that is administered or managed by (a) a Lender, (b) an Affiliate of a Lender or (c) an entity or an Affiliate of an entity that administers or manages a Lender.

 

Arranger ” means Wells Fargo Securities, LLC.

 

Asset Sale ” means (a) any sale, lease, transfer, condemnation, taking, unwind, novation, amendment, restructuring or other disposition of any Property (including any working interest, overriding royalty interest, production payments, net profits interest, royalty interest, mineral fee interest, or Hedging Arrangement) or any unwinding, restructuring or termination of a Hedging Arrangement prior to the scheduled maturity or expiration thereof of any Loan Party and (b) any issuance or sale of any Equity Interests of any Subsidiary of the Borrower.

 

Assignment and Assumption ” means an assignment and assumption entered into by a Lender and an Eligible Assignee (with the consent of any party whose consent is required by Section 9.7 ), and accepted by the Administrative Agent, in substantially the form of Exhibit A or any other form approved by the Administrative Agent.

 

Availability ” means, as of any date of determination, an amount equal to (a) the lesser of the then effective Borrowing Base and the aggregate Commitments minus (b) (i) the outstanding principal amount of all Loans plus (ii) the Letter of Credit Exposure.

 

Availability Period ” means the period from the Effective Date until the Maturity Date.

 

Available Cash ” means Cash and Cash Equivalents held in deposit accounts of any Loan Party (other than the Cash Collateral Account); provided that, such deposit accounts and the funds therein shall

 

2



 

be unencumbered and free and clear of all Liens and other third party rights other than (a) a Lien in favor of the Administrative Agent pursuant to Security Documents, (b) a Lien in favor of the Second Lien Agent pursuant to the Second Lien Loan Documents and (c) a Lien in favor of the depositary institution holding such deposit accounts arising solely by virtue of such depositary institution’s standard account documentation or any statutory or common law provision relating to banker’s liens, rights of set-off or similar rights and remedies and burdening only such deposit accounts.

 

Banking Services ” means each and any cash management services provided to any Loan Party by any Lender or by any Affiliate of a Lender, including without limitation the following bank services: (a) commercial credit or debit cards, (b) purchase cards, (c) stored value cards and (d) treasury management services (including, without limitation, overdraft, depository, controlled disbursement, electronic funds transfer, automated clearinghouse transactions, return items, overdrafts and interstate depository network services).

 

Banking Services Obligations ” means any and all obligations of the Borrower or any other Loan Party, whether absolute or contingent and howsoever and whensoever created, arising, evidenced or acquired (including all renewals, extensions and modifications thereof and substitutions therefor) in connection with Banking Services.

 

Banking Services Provider ” means any Lender or Affiliate of a Lender that provides Banking Services to any Loan Party.

 

Base Rate Loan ” means a Loan which bears interest based upon the Adjusted Base Rate.

 

BB Value ” means, (a) as to any Oil and Gas Property, the value, if any, attributed to such Oil and Gas Property under the then effective Borrowing Base, as determined by the Administrative Agent, and (b) as to Hedging Arrangements, the net effect of such Hedging Arrangements on the amount of the Borrowing Base, as determined by the Administrative Agent.

 

BB Variation Amount ” means the sum of (A) the aggregate fair market value of Oil and Gas Properties subject to Asset Sales consummated since the immediately preceding redetermination of the Borrowing Base plus (B) the aggregate BB Value of Hedging Arrangements which have been novated, amended, restructured, unwound or otherwise terminated since the immediately preceding redetermination of the Borrowing Base.

 

Borrower ” means Extraction Oil & Gas Holdings, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company.

 

Borrowing ” means a borrowing consisting of simultaneous Loans of the same Type made by the Lenders pursuant to Section 2.1(a)  or Converted by each Lender to Loans of a different Type pursuant to Section 2.4(b) .

 

Borrowing Base ” means at any particular time, the Dollar amount determined in accordance with Section 2.2 on account of Proven Reserves attributable to Oil and Gas Properties of the Loan Parties described in the most recent Independent Reserve Report or Internal Reserve Report, as applicable, delivered to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders pursuant to Section 2.2 .

 

Borrowing Base Certificate ” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.2(c)(iv) .

 

Borrowing Base Deficiency ” means the excess, if any, of (a) the sum of the outstanding principal amount of all Loans plus the Letter of Credit Exposure over (b) the lesser of (i) the aggregate amount of Commitments, and (ii) the Borrowing Base then in effect.

 

3



 

Business Day ” means a day (a) other than a Saturday, Sunday, or other day on which the Administrative Agent is authorized to close under the laws of, or is in fact closed in, Denver, Colorado, and (b) if the applicable Business Day relates to any Eurodollar Loans, on which dealings are carried on by commercial banks in the London interbank market.

 

Capital Leases ” means, for any Person, any lease of any Property by such Person as lessee which would, in accordance with GAAP, be required to be classified and accounted for as a capital lease on the balance sheet of such Person.

 

Cash ” means Dollar denominated currency in immediately available funds.

 

Cash Collateral Account ” means a Controlled Account pledged to the Administrative Agent containing cash deposited pursuant to the terms hereof to be maintained with the Administrative Agent in accordance with Section 2.3(h) .

 

Cash Collateralize ” means, to deposit in a Cash Collateral Account or to pledge and deposit with or deliver to the Administrative Agent, for the benefit of the Issuing Lender or Lenders, as collateral for Letter of Credit Obligations or obligations of Lenders to fund participations in respect of Letter of Credit Obligations, cash or deposit account balances or, if the Administrative Agent and the Issuing Lender shall agree in their sole discretion, other credit support, in each case pursuant to documentation in form and substance satisfactory to the Administrative Agent and the Issuing Lender.  “ Cash Collateral ” shall have a meaning correlative to the foregoing and shall include the proceeds of such cash collateral and other credit support.

 

Casualty Event ” means the damage, destruction or condemnation, including by process of eminent domain or any transfer or disposition of property in lieu of condemnation, as the case may be, of property of any Loan Party, including by process of eminent domain or any transfer or disposition of property in lieu of condemnation.

 

CERCLA ” means the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980, as amended, state and local analogs, and all rules and regulations thereunder in each case as now or hereafter in effect.

 

Change in Control ” means the occurrence of any of the following events:

 

(a)                                  the acquisition of ownership, directly or indirectly, beneficially or of record, by any Person or group (within the meaning of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the rules of the SEC thereunder as in effect on the date hereof), other than the Yorktown Funds, of Equity Interests representing more than 35% of the aggregate ordinary voting power represented by the issued and outstanding Equity Interests in the Borrower;

 

(b)                                  the members of the board of directors of the Borrower that are not Appointed Directors shall constitute a majority of the board of directors of the Borrower;

 

(c)                                   the Loan Parties collectively cease to own 100% of the Equity Interests (including all voting and economics attributable thereto) in each Subsidiary;

 

(d)                                  the Yorktown Funds (other than any Co-Invest Funds) cease to own at least 20% of the Equity Interests (including all voting and economics attributable thereto) in the Borrower; or

 

4



 

(e)                                   the Yorktown Group Members cease to own at least 35% of the Equity Interests (including all voting and economics attributable thereto) in the Borrower.

 

Change in Law ” means the occurrence, after the date of this Agreement (or with respect to any Lender, if later, the date on which such Lender becomes a Lender), of any of the following: (a) the adoption or taking effect of any law, rule, regulation or treaty, (b) any change in any law, rule, regulation or treaty or in the administration, interpretation, implementation or application thereof by any Governmental Authority or (c) the making or issuance of any request, rule, guideline or directive (whether or not having the force of law) by any Governmental Authority; provided that notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, (x) the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and all requests, rules, guidelines or directives thereunder or issued in connection therewith and (y) all requests, rules, guidelines or directives promulgated by the Bank for International Settlements, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (or any successor or similar authority) or the United States or foreign regulatory authorities, in each case pursuant to Basel III, shall in each case be deemed to be a “Change in Law”, regardless of the date enacted, adopted or issued.

 

Co-Invest Funds ” means YT Extraction Co Investment Partners, LP, a Delaware limited partnership, and any other co-investment vehicle formed by any Yorktown Fund to directly invest in the Borrower.

 

Code ” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the regulations and published interpretations thereof.

 

Collateral ” means all property of the Loan Parties which is “Collateral”, “Pledged Collateral” or “Mortgaged Property” (as defined in each of the Mortgages or the Pledge and Security Agreement, as applicable) or similar terms used in the Security Documents.

 

Commitment ” means, for each Lender, the obligation of each Lender to advance to Borrower the amount set opposite such Lender’s name on Schedule I as its Commitment, or if such Lender has entered into any Assignment and Assumption, set forth for such Lender as its Commitment in the Register, as such amount may be reduced pursuant to Section 2.1(c) ; provided that, after the Maturity Date, the Commitment for each Lender shall be zero.  The initial aggregate Commitment on the date hereof is $500,000,000.

 

Commitment Fee Rate ” means the per annum commitment fee rate set forth on the Pricing Grid applicable from time to time.  The Commitment Fee Rate shall change when and as the relevant Utilization Level changes.

 

Commitment Fees ” means the fees required under Section 2.7(a) .

 

Commodity Exchange Act ” means the Commodity Exchange Act (7 U.S.C. § 1 et seq.), as amended from time to time, and any successor statute.

 

Company ” means Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and direct Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of the Borrower.

 

Compliance Certificate ” means a compliance certificate executed by a Responsible Officer of the Borrower or such other Person as required by this Agreement in substantially the same form as Exhibit C .

 

5



 

Connection Income Taxes ” means Other Connection Taxes that are imposed on or measured by net income (however denominated) or that are franchise Taxes or branch profits Taxes.

 

Controlled Account ” means each deposit account and securities account that is subject to an account control agreement in form and substance satisfactory to the Administrative Agent and the Issuing Lender.

 

Controlled Group ” means all members of a controlled group of corporations and all businesses (whether or not incorporated) under common control which, together with the Borrower or any Subsidiary, are treated as a single employer under Section 414 of the Code.

 

Convert ,” “ Conversion ,” and “ Converted ” each refers to a conversion of Loans of one Type into Loans of another Type pursuant to Section 2.4(b) .

 

Daily One-Month LIBOR ” means, for any day, the rate of interest equal to the Eurodollar Rate then in effect for delivery for a one month period.

 

Debt ” means, for any Person, without duplication:  (a) indebtedness of such Person for borrowed money, including the face amount of any letters of credit supporting the repayment of indebtedness for borrowed money issued for the account of such Person; (b) to the extent not covered under clause (a) above, obligations under letters of credit and agreements relating to the issuance of letters of credit or acceptance financing, including Letters of Credit; (c) obligations of such Person evidenced by bonds, debentures, notes or other similar instruments, or upon which interest payments are customarily made; (d) obligations of such Person under conditional sale or other title retention agreements relating to any Properties purchased by such Person (other than customary reservations or retentions of title under agreements with suppliers entered into in the ordinary course of business); (e) obligations of such Person to pay the deferred purchase price of property or services (including, without limitation, any contingent obligations or other similar obligations associated with such purchase, and including obligations that are non-recourse to the credit of such Person but are secured by the assets of such Person); (f) obligations of such Person as lessee under Capital Leases and obligations of such Person in respect of synthetic leases; (g) obligations of such Person under any Hedging Arrangement, except that such obligations shall not constitute Debt for purposes of the calculations for compliance under Section 6.16(a) ; (h) Disqualified Capital Stock and all other obligations of such Person to mandatorily purchase, redeem, retire, defease or otherwise make any payment in respect of any Equity Interest in such Person or any other Person on a date certain or upon the occurrence of certain events or conditions; (i) the Debt of any partnership or unincorporated joint venture in which such Person is a general partner or a joint venturer, but only to the extent to which there is recourse to such Person for the payment of such Debt; (j) any obligations of such Person owing in connection with any volumetric or production prepayments or take-or-pay arrangements; (k) obligations of such Person under direct or indirect guaranties in respect of, and obligations (contingent or otherwise) of such Person to purchase or otherwise acquire, or otherwise to assure a creditor against loss in respect of, indebtedness or obligations of others of the kinds referred to in clauses (a) through (j) above; (l) indebtedness or obligations of others of the kinds referred to in clauses (a) through (k) secured by any Lien on or in respect of any Property of such Person, and (m) all liabilities of such Person in respect of unfunded vested benefits under any Plan.

 

Debtor Relief Laws ” means the Bankruptcy Code of the United States of America, and all other liquidation, conservatorship, bankruptcy, assignment for the benefit of creditors, moratorium, rearrangement, receivership, insolvency, reorganization, or similar debtor relief Laws of the United States or other applicable jurisdictions from time to time in effect.

 

6



 

Default ” means (a) an Event of Default or (b) any event or condition which with notice or lapse of time or both would, unless cured or waived, become an Event of Default.

 

Default Rate ” means a per annum rate equal to (a) in the case of principal of any Loan, 2.00% plus the rate otherwise applicable to such Loan as provided in Sections 2.8(a)  or (b) , and (b) in the case of any other Obligation, 2.00% plus the non-default rate applicable to Base Rate Loans as provided in Section 2.8(a) .

 

Defaulting Lender ” means, subject to Section 2.16(b) , any Lender that (a) has failed to (i) fund all or any portion of its Loans within two Business Days of the date such Loans were required to be funded hereunder unless such Lender notifies the Administrative Agent and the Borrower in writing that such failure is the result of such Lender’s determination that one or more conditions precedent to funding (each of which conditions precedent, together with any applicable default, shall be specifically identified in such writing) has not been satisfied, or (ii) pay to the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Lender, or any other Lender any other amount required to be paid by it hereunder (including in respect of its participation in Letters of Credit) within two Business Days of the date when due, (b) has notified the Borrower, the Administrative Agent or the Issuing Lender in writing that it does not intend to comply with all or any portion of its funding obligations hereunder, or under other agreements in which it extends or commits to extend credit generally, or has made a public statement to that effect (unless such writing or public statement relates to such Lender’s obligation to fund a Loan hereunder and states that such position is based on such Lender’s determination that a condition precedent to funding (which condition precedent, together with any applicable default, shall be specifically identified in such writing or public statement) cannot be satisfied), (c) has failed, within three Business Days after written request by the Administrative Agent or the Borrower, to confirm in writing  in substance satisfactory to the Administrative Agent and the Borrower that it will comply with its prospective funding obligations hereunder ( provided that such Lender shall cease to be a Defaulting Lender pursuant to this clause (c) upon receipt of such written confirmation by the Administrative Agent and the Borrower), or (d) has, or has a direct or indirect parent company that has, (i) become the subject of a proceeding under any Debtor Relief Law, or (ii) had appointed for it a receiver, custodian, conservator, trustee, administrator, assignee for the benefit of creditors or similar Person charged with reorganization or liquidation of its business or assets, including the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other state or federal regulatory authority acting in such a capacity; provided that a Lender shall not be a Defaulting Lender solely by virtue of the ownership or acquisition of any equity interest in that Lender or any direct or indirect parent company thereof by a Governmental Authority so long as such ownership interest does not result in or provide such Lender with immunity from the jurisdiction of courts within the United States or from the enforcement of judgments or writs of attachment on its assets or permit such Lender (or such Governmental Authority) to reject, repudiate, disavow or disaffirm any contracts or agreements made with such Lender.  Any determination by the Administrative Agent that a Lender is a Defaulting Lender under any one or more of clauses (a) through (d) above shall be conclusive and binding absent manifest error, and such Lender shall be deemed to be a Defaulting Lender (subject to Section 2.16(b) ) upon delivery of written notice of such determination to the Borrower, the Issuing Lender and each Lender.

 

Designated Jurisdiction ” means any country or territory to the extent that such country or territory itself is the subject of any Sanction.

 

Disqualified Capital Stock ” means any Equity Interest that, by its terms (or by the terms of any security into which it is convertible or for which it is exchangeable) or upon the happening of any event, matures or is mandatorily redeemable for any consideration other than other Equity Interests (which would not constitute Disqualified Capital Stock), pursuant to a sinking fund obligation or otherwise, or is convertible or exchangeable for Debt or redeemable for any consideration other than other Equity Interests (which would not constitute Disqualified Capital Stock) at the option of the holder thereof, in

 

7



 

whole or in part, on or prior to the date that is one year after the earlier of (a) the Maturity Date and (b) the date on which there are no Loans, Letter of Credit Exposure or other obligations hereunder outstanding and all of the Commitments are terminated.

 

Dollars ” and “ $ ” means lawful money of the United States of America.

 

Domestic Subsidiary ” means any Subsidiary that is organized under the laws of the United States of America or any State thereof or of the District of Columbia.

 

EBITDAX ” means for the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, on a consolidated basis for any period, the sum of (a) Net Income for such period, plus (b) without duplication and to the extent deducted in determining such Net Income (i) Interest Expense for such period, plus (ii) Income Tax Expense for such period, plus (iii) depreciation, amortization, depletion and exploration expenses for such period, plus (iv) non-cash charges resulting from extraordinary, non-recurring events or circumstances for such period (including any provision for the reduction in the carrying value of assets recorded in accordance with GAAP and including non-cash charges resulting from the requirements of ASC 410, 718 and 815), minus (c) to the extent included in determining Net Income, all non-cash income resulting from extraordinary, non-recurring events or circumstances for such period and all other non-cash items of income which  were included in determining such Net Income (including non-cash income resulting from the requirements of ASC 410, 718 and 815); provided that such EBITDAX shall be subject to pro forma adjustments for permitted acquisitions and non-ordinary course asset sales assuming that such transactions had occurred on the first day of the determination period, which adjustments shall be made in a manner, and subject to supporting documentation, set forth by the SEC or otherwise acceptable to the Administrative Agent.

 

Effective Date ” means September 4, 2014.

 

Eligible Assignee ” means any Person that meets the requirements to be an assignee under Section 9.7(b)(iii) , (v)  and (vi)  (subject to such consents, if any, as may be required under Section 9.7(b)(iii) ).

 

Environment ” or “ Environmental ” shall have the meanings set forth in 42 U.S.C. §9601(8) (1988).

 

Environmental Claim ” means any third party (including governmental agencies and employees) action, lawsuit, claim, demand, regulatory action or proceeding, order, decree, consent agreement or notice of potential or actual responsibility or violation (including claims or proceedings under the Occupational Safety and Health Acts or similar laws or requirements relating to health or safety of employees) which seeks to impose liability under any Environmental Law.

 

Environmental Law ” means all federal, state, and local laws, rules, regulations, ordinances, orders, decisions, agreements, and other requirements of any Governmental Authority, including common law theories, now or hereafter in effect and relating to, or in connection with (a) pollution, contamination, injury, destruction, loss, protection, cleanup, reclamation or restoration of the Environment or Natural Resources; (b) solid, gaseous or liquid waste generation, treatment, processing, recycling, reclamation, cleanup, storage, disposal or transportation; (c) exposure to pollutants, contaminants, hazardous, or toxic substances, materials or wastes; (d) the safety or health of employees; or (e) the manufacture, processing, handling, transportation, distribution in commerce, use, storage or disposal of hazardous or toxic substances, materials or wastes, including, without limitation, CERCLA.

 

Environmental Permit ” means any permit, license, order, approval, registration or other authorization under Environmental Law.

 

8



 

Equity Interest ” means with respect to any Person, any shares, interests, participation, or other equivalents (however designated) of corporate stock, membership interests or partnership interests (or any other ownership interests) of such Person.

 

ERISA ” means the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended from time to time.

 

Eurocurrency Liabilities ” has the meaning assigned to that term in Regulation D of the Federal Reserve Board as in effect from time to time.

 

Eurodollar Loan ” means a Loan that bears interest based upon the Eurodollar Rate.

 

Eurodollar Base Rate ” means the rate per annum (rounded upward to the nearest whole multiple of 1/100 th  of 1%) equal to the interest rate per annum set forth on the Reuters Reference LIBOR1 page as the London Interbank Offered Rate, for deposits in Dollars at 11:00 a.m.  (London, England time) two Business Days before the first day of the applicable Interest Period and for a period equal to such Interest Period; provided that, if such quotation is not available for any reason, then Eurodollar Base Rate shall then be the rate determined by the Administrative Agent to be the rate at which deposits in Dollars for delivery on the first day of such Interest Period in immediately available funds in the approximate amount of the Loans being made, continued or Converted by the Lenders and with a term equivalent to such Interest Period would be offered by the Administrative Agent’s London Branch (or other branch or Affiliate of the Administrative Agent, or in the event that the Administrative Agent does not have a London branch, the London branch of a Lender chosen by the Administrative Agent) to major banks in the London or other offshore inter-bank market for Dollars at their request at approximately 11:00 a.m. (London time) two Business Days prior to the commencement of such Interest Period).

 

Eurodollar Rate ” means a rate per annum determined by the Administrative Agent pursuant to the following formula:

 

Eurodollar Rate =

Eurodollar Base Rate

1.00 – Eurodollar Reserve Percentage

 

 

Where,

 

Eurodollar Reserve Percentage ” means, as of any day, the reserve percentage (expressed as a decimal, carried out to five decimal places) in effect on such day, whether or not applicable to any Lender, under regulations issued from time to time by the Federal Reserve Board for determining the maximum reserve requirement (including any emergency, supplemental or other marginal reserve requirement) with respect to liabilities or assets consisting of or including Eurocurrency Liabilities.  The Eurodollar Rate for each outstanding Loan shall be adjusted automatically as of the effective date of any change in the Eurodollar Reserve Percentage.

 

Event of Default ” has the meaning specified in Section 7.1 .

 

Excluded Swap Obligations ” means, with respect to any Loan Party other than the Borrower, any Swap Obligation if, and to the extent that, all or a portion of the guarantee of such Loan Party of, or the grant by such Loan Party of a security interest to secure, such Swap Obligation (or any guarantee thereof) is or becomes illegal under the Commodity Exchange Act or any rule, regulation or order of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (or the application or official interpretation of any thereof) by virtue of such Loan Party’s failure for any reason to constitute an “eligible contract participant” as defined in the Commodity Exchange Act and the regulations thereunder at the time the guarantee of such Loan

 

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Party or the grant of such security interest becomes effective with respect to such Swap Obligation. If a Swap Obligation arises under a Master Agreement governing more than one swap, such exclusion shall apply only to the portion of such Swap Obligation that is attributable to swaps for which such guarantee or security interest is or becomes illegal.

 

Excluded Taxes ” means any of the following Taxes imposed on or with respect to a Recipient or required to be withheld or deducted from a payment to a Recipient, (a) Taxes imposed on or measured by net income (however denominated), franchise Taxes, and branch profits Taxes, in each case, (i) imposed as a result of such Recipient being organized under the laws of, or having its principal office or, in the case of any Lender, its applicable lending office located in, the jurisdiction imposing such Tax (or any political subdivision thereof) or (ii) that are Other Connection Taxes, (b) in the case of a Lender, U.S. federal withholding Taxes imposed on amounts payable to or for the account of such Lender with respect to an applicable interest in a Loan or Commitment pursuant to a law in effect on the date on which (i) such Lender acquires such interest in the Loan or Commitment (other than pursuant to an assignment request by the Borrower under Section 2.14 ) or (ii) such Lender changes its lending office, except in each case to the extent that, pursuant to Section 2.13 , amounts with respect to such Taxes were payable either to such Lender’s assignor immediately before such Lender became a party hereto or to such Lender immediately before it changed its lending office, (c) Taxes attributable to such Recipient’s failure to comply with Section 2.13(g)  and (d) any U.S. federal withholding Taxes imposed under FATCA.

 

Extraordinary Receipts ” means (a) with respect to any Asset Sale, all cash and Liquid Investments received by a Loan Party from such Asset Sale after payment of, or provision for, all estimated cash taxes attributable to such Asset Sale and payable by such Loan Party, and other reasonable out of pocket fees and expenses actually incurred by such Loan Party directly in connection with such Asset Sale, (b) with respect to any settlement or litigation proceeding, the proceeds of such settlement or litigation proceeding after payment of all out of pocket fees and expenses actually incurred in connection with such settlement or proceeding, (c) with respect to any Casualty Event, the insurance proceeds or award or other compensation as a result of a Casualty Event after payment of all out of pocket fees and expenses actually incurred by the applicable Loan Party to receive such proceeds, and (d) with respect to any novation, assignment, unwinding, termination, or amendment of any hedge position or any other Hedging Arrangement, the sum of the cash and Liquid Investments received by any Loan Party in connection with such transaction after giving effect to any netting agreements.

 

FATCA ” means Sections 1471 through 1474 of the Code, as of the date of this Agreement (or any amended or successor version that is substantively comparable and not materially more onerous to comply with), any current or future regulations or official interpretations thereof and any agreements entered into pursuant to Section 1471(b)(1) of the Code and any intergovernmental agreement entered into by the United States that implement or modify the foregoing (together with the portions of any Legal Requirement implementing such intergovernmental agreements).

 

FCPA ” means the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended

 

Federal Funds Rate ” means, for any day, the rate per annum equal to the weighted average of the rates on overnight Federal funds transactions with members of the Federal Reserve System arranged by Federal funds brokers on such day, as published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York on the Business Day next succeeding such day; provided that (a) if such day is not a Business Day, the Federal Funds Rate for such day shall be such rate on such transactions on the next preceding Business Day as so published on the next succeeding Business Day and (b) if no such rate is so published on such next succeeding Business Day, the Federal Funds Rate for such day shall be the average rate charged to the Administrative Agent (in its individual capacity) on such day on such transactions as determined by the Administrative Agent.

 

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Federal Reserve Board ” means the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System or any of its successors.

 

Fee Letter ” means that certain Engagement Letter dated as of July 18, 2014 among the Borrower and Wells Fargo and Wells Fargo Securities, LLC.

 

Foreign Lender ” means a Lender that is not a U.S. Person.

 

Foreign Subsidiary ” means a Subsidiary that is not a Domestic Subsidiary.

 

Fronting Exposure ” means, at any time there is a Defaulting Lender, such Defaulting Lender’s Pro Rata Share of the outstanding Letter of Credit Obligations with respect to Letters of Credit issued by the Issuing Lender other than Letter of Credit Obligations as to which such Defaulting Lender’s participation obligation has been reallocated to other Lenders or Cash Collateralized in accordance with the terms hereof.

 

Fund ” means any Person (other than a natural Person) that is (or will be) engaged in making, purchasing, holding or otherwise investing in commercial loans and similar extensions of credit in the ordinary course of its activities.

 

GAAP ” means United States of America generally accepted accounting principles as in effect from time to time, applied on a basis consistent with the requirements of Section 1.3 .

 

Governmental Authority ” means the government of the United States of America or any other nation, or of any political subdivision thereof, whether state or local, and any agency, authority, instrumentality, bureau, regulatory body, court, central bank or other entity exercising executive, legislative, judicial, taxing, regulatory or administrative powers or functions of or pertaining to government (including any supra-national bodies such as the European Union or the European Central Bank).

 

Guarantors ” means (a) each Subsidiary of the Borrower from time to time, and (b) any other Person that becomes a guarantor of all or a portion of the Obligations and which has entered into either a joinder agreement substantially in the form attached to the Guaranty or a new Guaranty.

 

Guaranty ” means the Guaranty Agreement executed in substantially the same form as Exhibit D .

 

Hazardous Substance ” means any substance or material identified as such pursuant to CERCLA or any other Environmental Law and includes, without limitation, pollutants, contaminants, petroleum, petroleum products, radionuclides, and radioactive materials.

 

Hazardous Waste ” means any substance or material regulated or designated as such pursuant to any Environmental Law and includes, without limitation, pollutants, contaminants, flammable substances and materials, explosives, radioactive materials, petroleum and petroleum products, chemical liquids and solids, polychlorinated biphenyls, asbestos, and toxic substances.

 

Hedge Obligations ” means the obligations of any of the Loan Parties owing to a Swap Counterparty under any Hedging Arrangement.

 

Hedging Arrangement ” means (a) a hedge, spot call, put, swap, collar, floor, cap, option, swaption, forward sale or purchase, basis swap or basis hedge, or other contract or similar arrangement (including any obligations to purchase or sell any physical or financial commodity or security at a future

 

11



 

date for a specific price) or (b) any and all transactions of any kind, and the related confirmations, which are subject to the terms and conditions of, or governed by, any form of Master Agreement, including any such obligations or liabilities under any Master Agreement.

 

Hydrocarbon Hedge Agreement ” means a Hedging Arrangement related to the price of Hydrocarbons.

 

Hydrocarbon Interests ” means all rights, titles, interests and estates now or hereafter acquired in and to oil and gas leases, oil, gas and mineral leases, or other liquid or gaseous hydrocarbon leases, mineral fee interests, overriding royalty and royalty interests, net profit interests and production payment interests, including any reserved or residual interests of whatever nature.  Unless otherwise indicated herein, each reference to the term “ Hydrocarbon Interests ” shall mean Hydrocarbon Interests of the Loan Parties.

 

Hydrocarbons ” means oil, gas, coal seam gas, casinghead gas, drip gasoline, natural gasoline, condensate, distillate, and all other liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons produced or to be produced in conjunction therewith from a well bore and all products, by-products, and other substances derived therefrom or the processing thereof, and all other minerals and substances produced in conjunction with such substances, including, but not limited to, sulfur, geothermal steam, water, carbon dioxide, helium, and any and all minerals, ores, or substances of value and the products and proceeds therefrom.

 

Income Tax Expense ” means for Borrower and its Subsidiaries, on a consolidated basis for any period, all state and federal franchise or income taxes paid or due to be paid during such period.

 

Indemnified Taxes ” means (a) Taxes, other than Excluded Taxes, imposed on or with respect to any payment made by or on account of any obligation of any Loan Party under any Loan Document and (b) to the extent not otherwise described in (a), Other Taxes.

 

Independent Engineer ” means Ryder Scott Company Petroleum Consultants, L.P., or any other engineering firm reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent.

 

Independent Reserve Report ” means a report, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent, prepared by an Independent Engineer, addressed to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders with respect to the Oil and Gas Properties owned by any Loan Party (or to be acquired by a Loan Party) which are or are to be included in the Borrowing Base, which report shall (a) specify the location, quantity, and type of the estimated Proven Reserves attributable to such Oil and Gas Properties, (b) contain a projection of the rate of production of such Oil and Gas Properties, (c) contain an estimate of the net operating revenues to be derived from the production and sale of Hydrocarbons from such Proven Reserves based on product price and cost escalation assumptions specified by the Administrative Agent and the Lenders, and (d) contain such other information as is customarily obtained from and provided in such reports or is otherwise reasonably requested by the Administrative Agent or any Lender; provided that, beginning with the Independent Reserve Report effective as of January 1, 2016, the Independent Reserve Report may be prepared, at the sole discretion of the Borrower (x) by an Independent Engineer, or (y) by or under the supervision of the engineers of the Borrower; provided that Independent Reserve Reports that are prepared by or under the supervision of the engineers of the Borrower shall be accompanied by an audit letter issued by the Independent Engineer that it has audited at least 90% by value of the Proven Reserves attributable to the Oil and Gas Properties owned (or to be acquired) by the Loan Parties which are or are to be included in the Borrowing Base.

 

Intangible Assets ” means assets that are considered to be intangible assets under GAAP (but excluding computer software), including customer lists, goodwill, copyrights, trade names, trademarks,

 

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patents, franchises, licenses, unamortized deferred charges, unamortized debt discount and capitalized research and development costs.

 

Intercreditor Agreement ” means the Intercreditor Agreement dated as of September 4, 2014 among the Administrative Agent, the Second Lien Agent, as administrative agent for the Second Lien Lenders, and acknowledged and agreed to by the Borrower, as amended or otherwise modified in accordance with this Agreement.

 

Interest Expense ” means, for the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, on a consolidated basis for any period, total cash interest expense, letter of credit fees and other fees and expenses incurred by such Person in connection with any Debt (including but not limited to Debt under this Agreement) for such period, whether paid or accrued (including that attributable to obligations which have been or should be, in accordance with GAAP, recorded as Capital Leases), including, without limitation, all commissions, discounts, and other fees and charges owed with respect to letters of credit and bankers’ acceptance financing, fees owed with respect to the Secured Obligations, and net costs under Hedging Arrangements entered into addressing interest rates, all as determined in conformity with GAAP.

 

Interest Hedge Agreement ” means a Hedging Arrangement between the Borrower or another Loan Party and one or more financial institutions providing for the exchange of nominal interest obligations between the Borrower or such other Loan Party and such financial institution or the cap of the interest rate on any Debt of the Borrower.

 

Interest Period ” means for each Eurodollar Loan comprising part of the same Borrowing, the period commencing on the date of such Eurodollar Loan is made or deemed made and ending on the last day of the period selected by the Borrower pursuant to the provisions below and Section 2.4 , and thereafter, each subsequent period commencing on the day following the last day of the immediately preceding Interest Period and ending on the last day of the period selected by the Borrower pursuant to the provisions below and Section 2.4 .  The duration of each such Interest Period shall be one, two, three, or six months, in each case as the Borrower may select, provided that:

 

(a)           Interest Periods commencing on the same date for Loans comprising part of the same Borrowing shall be of the same duration;

 

(b)           whenever the last day of any Interest Period would otherwise occur on a day other than a Business Day, the last day of such Interest Period shall be extended to occur on the next succeeding Business Day, provided that if such extension would cause the last day of such Interest Period to occur in the next following calendar month, the last day of such Interest Period shall occur on the next preceding Business Day;

 

(c)           any Interest Period which begins on the last Business Day of a calendar month (or on a day for which there is no numerically corresponding day in the calendar month at the end of such Interest Period) shall end on the last Business Day of the calendar month in which it would have ended if there were a numerically corresponding day in such calendar month; and

 

(d)           the Borrower may not select any Interest Period for any Loan which ends after the Maturity Date.

 

Internal Reserve Report ” means a report, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent, prepared by the Borrower and certified by a Responsible Officer of the Borrower, addressed to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders with respect to the Oil and Gas Properties owned by any Loan Party (or to be acquired by a Loan Party) which are or are to be included in the Borrowing

 

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Base, which report shall (a) specify the location, quantity, and type of the estimated Proven Reserves attributable to such Oil and Gas Properties, (b) contain a projection of the rate of production of such Oil and Gas Properties, (c) contain an estimate of the net operating revenues to be derived from the production and sale of Hydrocarbons from such Proven Reserves based on product prices and cost escalation assumptions specified by the Administrative Agent, and (d) contain such other information as is customarily obtained from and provided in such reports or is otherwise reasonably requested by the Administrative Agent or any Lender.

 

IRS ” means the United States Internal Revenue Service.

 

Issuing Lender ” means Wells Fargo in its capacity as a Lender that issues Letters of Credit for the account of any Loan Party pursuant to the terms of this Agreement.

 

Leases ” means all oil and gas leases, oil, gas and mineral leases, oil, gas and casinghead gas leases or any other instruments, agreements, or conveyances under and pursuant to which the owner thereof has or obtains the right to enter upon lands and explore for, drill, and develop such lands for the production of Hydrocarbons.

 

Legal Requirement ” means any law, statute, ordinance, decree, requirement, order, judgment, rule, regulation (or official interpretation of any of the foregoing) of, and the terms of any license or permit issued by, any Governmental Authority, including, but not limited to, Regulations T, U and X.

 

Lenders ” means the Persons listed on the signature pages hereto as Lenders, any other Person that shall have become a Lender hereto pursuant to Section 2.14 and any other Person that shall have become a Lender hereto pursuant to an Assignment and Assumption, but in any event, excluding any such Person that ceases to be a party hereto pursuant to an Assignment and Assumption.

 

Lending Office ” means, as to any Lender, the office or offices of such Lender described as such in such Lender’s Administrative Questionnaire, or such other office or offices as a Lender may from time to time notify the Borrower and the Administrative Agent.

 

Letter of Credit ” means any standby letter of credit issued or deemed issued by the Issuing Lender for the account of a Loan Party pursuant to the terms of this Agreement, in such form as may be agreed by the Borrower and the Issuing Lender.

 

Letter of Credit Application ” means the Issuing Lender’s standard form letter of credit application for standby letters of credit which has been executed by the Borrower and accepted by such Issuing Lender in connection with the issuance of a Letter of Credit.

 

Letter of Credit Documents ” means all Letters of Credit, Letter of Credit Applications and amendments thereof, and agreements, documents, and instruments entered into in connection therewith or relating thereto.

 

Letter of Credit Exposure ” means, at the date of its determination by the Administrative Agent, the aggregate outstanding undrawn amount of Letters of Credit plus the aggregate unpaid amount of all of the Borrower’s payment obligations under drawn Letters of Credit.

 

Letter of Credit Fees ” means fees payable pursuant to Section 2.7(b)(i) .

 

Letter of Credit Maximum Amount ” means $10,000,000; provided that, on and after the Maturity Date, the Letter of Credit Maximum Amount shall be zero.

 

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Letter of Credit Obligations ” means any obligations of the Borrower under this Agreement in connection with the Letters of Credit.

 

Leverage Ratio ” means, as of the end of each fiscal quarter, the ratio of (a) the consolidated Debt of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries (other than obligations under permitted Hedging Arrangements) as of the last day of such fiscal quarter to (b) the consolidated EBITDAX of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries for the four-fiscal quarter period then ended.

 

Lien ” means any mortgage, lien, pledge, charge, deed of trust, security interest, or encumbrance to secure or provide for the payment of any obligation of any Person, whether arising by contract, operation of law, or otherwise (including the interest of a vendor or lessor under any conditional sale agreement, Capital Lease, or other title retention agreement).

 

Liquid Investments ” means (a) readily marketable direct full faith and credit obligations of the United States of America or obligations unconditionally guaranteed by the full faith and credit of the United States of America; (b) commercial paper issued by (i) any Lender or any Affiliate of any Lender or (ii) any commercial banking institutions or corporations rated at least P-1 by Moody’s or A-1 by S&P; (c) certificates of deposit, time deposits, and bankers’ acceptances issued by (i) any of the Lenders or (ii) any other commercial banking institution which is a member of the Federal Reserve System and has a combined capital and surplus and undivided profits of not less than $250,000,000 and rated Aa by Moody’s or AA by S&P; (d) repurchase agreements which are entered into with any of the Lenders or any major money center banks included in the commercial banking institutions described in clause (c) and which are secured by readily marketable direct full faith and credit obligations of the government of the United States of America or any agency thereof; (e) investments in any money market fund which holds investments substantially of the type described in the foregoing clauses (a) through (d); (f) readily and immediately available cash held in any money market account maintained with any Lender; provided that, such money market accounts and the funds therein shall be unencumbered and free and clear of all Liens and other third party rights other than a Lien in favor of the Administrative Agent pursuant to the Security Documents; and (g) other investments made through the Administrative Agent or its Affiliates and approved by the Administrative Agent; provided that all the Liquid Investments described in clauses (a) through (d) above shall have maturities of not more than 365 days from the date of issue.

 

LLC Agreement ” means the Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of the Borrower dated as of May 29, 2014, as amended or otherwise modified in accordance with the Loan Documents.

 

Loan ” means any advance by a Lender to the Borrower as a part of a Borrowing.

 

Loan Documents ” means this Agreement, the Notes, the Letters of Credit, the Letter of Credit Applications, the Guaranties, the Intercreditor Agreement, the Notices of Borrowing, the Notices of Conversion, the Security Documents, the Fee Letter, the Subordination Agreement and each other agreement, instrument, or document (other than the Second Lien Loan Documents) executed at any time in connection with this Agreement.

 

Loan Parties ” means the Borrower and the Guarantors.

 

Majority Lenders ” means (a) other than as provided in clause (b) below, two or more Lenders holding greater than 50% of the aggregate Maximum Exposure Amount, and (b) at any time when there is only one Lender, such Lender; provided that, if there are two or more Lenders, the Commitment of, and the portion of the Loans and Letter of Credit Exposure held or deemed held by, any Defaulting Lender

 

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shall be excluded for purposes of making a determination of Majority Lenders unless all Lenders are Defaulting Lenders.

 

Manager ” means an employee, officer or director of the Borrower or any Subsidiary.

 

Master Agreement ” means a master agreement published by the International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc., any International Foreign Exchange Master Agreement, or any other similar master agreement relating to hedging activities, including, without limitation, any related schedules.

 

Material Adverse Change ” means a material adverse change (a) in the business, assets (including Oil and Gas Properties), condition (financial or otherwise), or operations of the Borrower, individually or the Loan Parties, taken as a whole; (b) on any Loan Party’s ability to perform its obligations under this Agreement, any Note, the Guaranties or any other Loan Document; (c) on the Loan Parties’ ability, as a whole, to perform their obligations under this Agreement or any other Loan Document; (d) in any right or remedy of any Secured Party under any Loan Document; (e) on the validity or enforceability of this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents; or (f) on the Acceptable Security Interest in favor of the Administrative Agent with respect to any portion of the Collateral (other than a termination or release of such Acceptable Security Interest in accordance with the terms of the Loan Documents).

 

Material Contract ” means any contract or agreement pursuant to which any Loan Party pays, receives or incurs liabilities (or could reasonably be expected to pay, receive or incur liabilities during any 12-month period over the term thereof) in excess of $10,000,000, excluding contracts and oil and gas leases that are specifically listed on a schedule or exhibit to any Security Document together with all amendments, modifications, replacements, extensions and rearrangements of the foregoing made in accordance with the terms of this Agreement.

 

Maturity Date ” means the earlier of (a) November 29, 2018 and (b) the earlier termination in whole of the Commitments pursuant to Section 2.1(c)  or Article 7 .

 

Maximum Exposure Amount ” means, at any time for each Lender, the sum of (a) the unfunded Commitment held by such Lender at such time; plus (b) the aggregate unpaid principal amount of the Note held by such Lender at such time, (with the aggregate amount of such Lender’s risk participation and funded participation in the Letter of Credit Exposure (including any such Letter of Credit Exposure that has been reallocated pursuant to Section 2.16 ) being deemed as unpaid principal under such Lender’s Note).

 

Maximum Rate ” means the maximum nonusurious interest rate under applicable law.

 

Minimum Collateral Amount ” means, at any time, (i) with respect to Cash Collateral consisting of cash or deposit account balances, an amount equal to 103% of the Fronting Exposure of the Issuing Lender with respect to Letters of Credit issued and outstanding at such time and (ii) otherwise, an amount determined by the Administrative Agent and the Issuing Lender in its sole discretion.

 

Moody’s ” means Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. and any successor thereto which is a nationally recognized statistical rating organization.

 

Mortgage ” means each mortgage or deed of trust in form acceptable to the Administrative Agent executed by any Loan Party to secure all or a portion of the Obligations.

 

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Multiemployer Plan ” means a “multiemployer plan” as defined in Section 4001(a)(3) of ERISA to which the Borrower or any member of the Controlled Group is making or accruing an obligation to make contributions.

 

Natural Resources ” shall have the meaning set forth in 42 U.S.C. § 9601(16).

 

Net Cash Proceeds ” means (a) in connection with any Asset Sale or any Recovery Event, the proceeds thereof in the form of cash and cash equivalents (including any such proceeds received by way of deferred payment of principal pursuant to a note or installment receivable or purchase price adjustment receivable or otherwise, but only as and when received), net of (i) amounts applied to the repayment of Debt secured by a Lien expressly permitted hereunder on any asset that is the subject of such Asset Sale or Recovery Event (other than any Lien securing the Second Lien Debt or any Lien pursuant to a Security Document), (ii) in the case of an Asset Sale, attorneys’ fees, accountants’ fees, investment bank fees and other reasonable and customary fees and expenses actually incurred in connection therewith, (iii) Tax Distribution Amounts paid or payable in connection with an Asset Sale and (iv) Taxes paid directly by any Loan Party or reasonably estimated to be paid or payable in connection therewith; provided that the evidence of each of (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) is provided to the Administrative Agent in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to it, and (b) in connection with any issuance or sale of Equity Interests or debt securities or instruments or the incurrence of Debt for borrowed money, the cash proceeds received from such issuance, sale or incurrence, net of (i) attorneys’ fees, accountants’ fees, investment bank fees, underwriting discounts and commissions and other reasonable and customary fees and expenses actually incurred in connection therewith and (ii) Taxes paid or reasonably estimated to be paid directly by any Loan Party in connection therewith; provided that the evidence of each of (i) and (ii) is provided to the Administrative Agent in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to it; provided , further , that in the case of this clause (b), evidence of such costs is provided to the Administrative Agent in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to it.

 

Net Debt ” means, as of any date of determination, consolidated Debt less the amount of Available Cash held by the Borrower and its Subsidiaries as of such date.

 

Net Income ” means, for any period and with respect to any Person, the net income for such period for such Person after taxes as determined in accordance with GAAP, but excluding, however, (a) extraordinary items, including (i) any net non-cash gain or loss during such period arising from the sale, exchange, retirement or other disposition of capital assets (such term to include all fixed assets and all securities) other than in the ordinary course of business, and (ii) any write-up or write-down of assets and (b) the cumulative effect of any change in GAAP.

 

Net Leverage Ratio ” means, as of the end of each fiscal quarter, the ratio of (a) the consolidated Net Debt of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries (other than obligations under permitted Hedging Arrangements) as of the last day of such fiscal quarter to (b) (i) for the fiscal quarter ending September 30, 2014, the consolidated EBITDAX of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries for such quarter times four, (ii) for the fiscal quarter ending December 31, 2014, the consolidated EBITDAX of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries for such two fiscal quarter period then ended times two, (iii) for the fiscal quarter ending March 31, 2015, the consolidated EBITDAX of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries for such three fiscal quarter period then ended times 4 and divided by three, and (iv) thereafter, the consolidated EBITDAX of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries for the four-fiscal quarter period then ended.

 

Non-Consenting Lender ” means any Lender that does not approve (i) any consent, waiver or amendment that (A) requires the approval of all Lenders or all affected Lenders in accordance with the terms of Section 9.3 , and (B) has been approved by the Required Lenders, or (ii) any redetermination of the Borrowing Base which has been approved by the Required Lenders.

 

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Non-Defaulting Lender ” means, at any time, each Lender that is not a Defaulting Lender at such time.

 

Note ” means a promissory note of the Borrower payable to a Lender or its registered assigns in the amount of such Lender’s Commitment, in substantially the same form as Exhibit H , evidencing indebtedness of the Borrower to such Lender resulting from Loans owing to such Lender.

 

Notice of Borrowing ” means a Notice of Borrowing signed by the Borrower in substantially the same form as Exhibit E .

 

Notice of Continuation or Conversion ” means a notice of continuation or conversion signed by the Borrower in substantially the same form as Exhibit F .

 

Obligations ” means all principal, interest (including post-petition interest), fees, reimbursements, indemnifications, and other amounts now or hereafter owed by any of the Loan Parties to the Lenders, the Issuing Lender or the Administrative Agent under this Agreement and the Loan Documents, including, the Letter of Credit Obligations, and any increases, extensions, and rearrangements of those obligations under any amendments, supplements, and other modifications of the documents and agreements creating those obligations.

 

OFAC ” means The Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Department of the Treasury.

 

Oil and Gas Properties ” means fee mineral interests, term mineral interests, Leases, subleases, farm-outs, royalties, overriding royalties, net profit interests, carried interests, production payments and similar mineral interests, and all unsevered and unextracted Hydrocarbons in, under, or attributable to such oil and gas Properties and interests.

 

Oil and Gas Waste ” means wastes associated with the exploration, development, or production of crude oil or natural gas.

 

Other Connection Taxes ” means, with respect to any Recipient, Taxes imposed as a result of a present or former connection between such Recipient and the jurisdiction imposing such Tax (other than connections arising from such Recipient having executed, delivered, become a party to, performed its obligations under, received payments under, received or perfected a security interest under, engaged in any other transaction pursuant to or enforced any Loan Document, or sold or assigned an interest in any Loan or Loan Document).

 

Other Taxes ” means all present or future stamp, court or documentary, intangible, recording, filing or similar Taxes that arise from any payment made under, from the execution, delivery, performance, enforcement or registration of, from the receipt or perfection of a security interest under, or otherwise with respect to, any Loan Document, except any such Taxes that are Other Connection Taxes imposed with respect to an assignment (other than an assignment made pursuant to Section 2.14(b) ).

 

Participant ” has the meaning set forth in Section 9.7(d) .

 

Participant Register ” has the meaning set forth in Section 9.7(d) .

 

Patriot Act ” means the USA Patriot Act (Title III of Pub. L. 107-56 (signed into law October 26, 2001)).

 

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Payment in Full of Obligations ” means: (a) the termination of this Agreement, (b) the payment in full of the Obligations (other than contingent indemnification and expense reimbursement obligations that are, in each case, not then due and owing), (c) the termination and return of all Letters of Credit (other than Letters of Credit as to which arrangements satisfactory to the Issuing Lender in its sole discretion have been made), (d) the termination or novation of all Hedging Arrangements with a Swap Counterparty (other than Hedging Arrangements as to which arrangements satisfactory to the Swap Counterparty in its sole discretion have been made) and the satisfaction of any obligations arising under such Hedging Arrangement, (e) the termination in full of the Commitments, and (f) the termination in full of all Banking Services Obligations and the satisfaction of any obligations arising thereunder.

 

PBGC ” means the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation or any entity succeeding to any or all of its functions under ERISA.

 

PDP Reserves ” means the Proven Reserves which are categorized as both “developed” and “producing” under the definitions for oil and gas reserves promulgated by the Society of Petroleum Evaluation Engineers (or any generally recognized successor) as in effect at the time in question and reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent.

 

Permit ” means any approval, certificate of occupancy, consent, waiver, exemption, variance, franchise, order, permit, authorization, right or license of or from any Governmental Authority, including without limitation, an Environmental Permit.

 

Permitted Asset Sale ” means any Asset Sale that is permitted under Section 6.8 .

 

Permitted Debt ” has the meaning set forth in Section 6.1 .

 

Permitted Investments ” has the meaning set forth in Section 6.3 .

 

Permitted Liens ” has the meaning set forth in Section 6.2 .

 

Permitted Tax Distributions ” means Restricted Payments in the form of cash distributions made by the Borrower to each holder of its Equity Interests in any tax year in which the Borrower is a pass-through entity, on an annual basis (“ Tax Distributions ”) in accordance with the provisions of Section 4.4(b)  of the LLC Agreement, as amended in accordance with this Agreement; provided that the aggregate amount of such Tax Distributions, with respect to a taxable year, does not exceed an amount equal to the Borrower’s good faith estimate of the Applicable Tax (as hereinafter defined) with respect to such taxable year, on an annual basis after the end of the Borrower’s taxable year, to the extent necessary so that the amount distributed under this definition equals the product of (i) the sum of all items of taxable income or gain recognized by the Borrower for such taxable year less all items of deduction and loss (excluding, for the avoidance of doubt, items attributable to adjustments under Section 734 or Section 743 of the Code) recognized by the Borrower for such taxable year and (ii) the then highest combined U.S. federal, and state marginal rate applicable to an individual residing in the state of New York (taking into account the character of the taxable income (e.g. long term capital gain, qualified dividend income, ordinary income, etc.)) (such amount, the “ Applicable Tax ”) provided that in no event shall the amount distributed to the holders of the Equity Interests exceed the amount that would have been distributed as Tax Distributions under Section 4.4(b)  of the LLC Agreement.

 

Person ” means an individual, partnership, corporation (including a business trust), joint stock company, trust, limited liability company, limited liability partnership, unincorporated association, joint venture, or other entity, or a government or any political subdivision or agency thereof, or any trustee, receiver, custodian, or similar official.

 

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Plan ” means an employee benefit plan (other than a Multiemployer Plan) maintained for employees of the Borrower or any member of the Controlled Group and covered by Title IV of ERISA or subject to the minimum funding standards under Section 412 of the Code.

 

Pledge and Security Agreement ” means the Pledge and Security Agreement among the Loan Parties and the Administrative Agent in substantially the same form as Exhibit G .

 

Post-Closing Deadline ” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.14 .

 

Pricing Grid ” means the pricing information set forth in Schedule II .

 

Prime Rate ” means the per annum rate of interest established from time to time by the Administrative Agent at its principal office in San Francisco as its prime rate.  Such rate is set by the Administrative Agent as a general reference rate of interest, taking into account such factors as the Administrative Agent may deem appropriate; it being understood that many of the Administrative Agent’s commercial or other loans are priced in relation to such rate and that such rate may not be the lowest rate of interest charged by such Lender to its customers.

 

Property ” of any Person means any property or assets (whether real, personal, or mixed, tangible or intangible) of such Person, including, but not limited to, Oil and Gas Properties and Hedging Arrangements.

 

Pro Rata Share ” means, at any time with respect to any Lender, (i) the ratio (expressed as a percentage) of such Lender’s Commitment at such time to the aggregate Commitments at such time, or (ii) if all of the Commitments have been terminated, the ratio (expressed as a percentage) of such Lender’s aggregate outstanding Loans at such time to the total aggregate outstanding Loans at such time.

 

Proven Reserves ” means, at any particular time, Oil and Gas Properties classified as “Proved Reserves” as defined in the Definitions for Oil and Gas Reserves promulgated by the Society of Petroleum Engineers (or any generally recognized successor) as in effect at the time in question and reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent.

 

Qualified ECP Guarantor ” means, in respect of any Swap Obligation, each Loan Party that has total assets exceeding $10,000,000 at the time the relevant Guarantee or grant of the relevant security interest becomes effective with respect to such Swap Obligation or such other person as constitutes an “eligible contract participant” under the Commodity Exchange Act or any regulations promulgated thereunder and can cause another person to qualify as an “eligible contract participant” at such time by entering into a keepwell under Section 1a(18)(A)(v)(II) of the Commodity Exchange Act.

 

Recipient ” means (a) the Administrative Agent, (b) any Lender, and (c) the Issuing Lender, as applicable.

 

Recovery Event ” means any settlement of or payment in respect of any property or casualty insurance or claim or any condemnation proceeding (or proceeding in lieu thereof), including any Casualty Event but excluding any payment in respect of business interruption insurance, to the extent business interruption coverage is maintained, relating to any asset of any Loan Party.

 

Register ” has the meaning set forth in Section 9.7(c) .

 

Regulations T, U, and X ” means Regulations T, U, and X of the Federal Reserve Board, as each is from time to time in effect, and all official rulings and interpretations thereunder or thereof.  Each of

 

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Regulations T, U, or X may be referred to individually as Regulation T, Regulation U, or Regulation X herein.

 

Related Parties ” means, with respect to any Person, such Person’s Affiliates and Approved Funds and the partners, directors, officers, employees, agents, trustees, administrators, managers, advisors and representatives of such Person and of such Person’s Affiliates and Approved Funds.

 

Release ” shall have the meaning set forth in 42 U.S.C. § 9601(22) of CERCLA.

 

Reportable Event ” means any of the events set forth in Section 4043(c) of ERISA (other than any such event not subject to the provision for 30-day notice to the PBGC under the regulations issued under such section).

 

Required Lenders ” means (a) other than as provided in clause (b) below, two or more Lenders holding greater than 66 2/3% of the aggregate Maximum Exposure Amount, and (b) at any time when there is only one Lender, such Lender; provided that, if there are two or more Lenders, the Commitment of, and the portion of the Loans and Letter of Credit Exposure held or deemed held by, any Defaulting Lender shall be excluded for purposes of making a determination of Required Lenders unless all Lenders are Defaulting Lenders.

 

Required Manager Loan Terms ” means, in connection with any loan or advance to (including any deemed loan or advance in connection with a cashless exercise by) a Manager, the proceeds of which are used to acquire Equity Interests in the Borrower, that (a) the obligation of such Manager shall bear interest at a rate of LIBOR + 1%, compounded quarterly, (b) the obligation will be repaid from distributions that would otherwise be paid to the Manager in respect of any Equity Interests (other than any Tax Distribution Amount) or otherwise by such Manager in cash, (c) either (i) the obligation will be secured by a pledge and security interest over twice the amount of Equity Interests in the Borrower to be acquired by such Manager with the proceeds of such loan or advance or (ii) the obligation will be secured by a pledge and security interest over the amount of Equity Interests in the Borrower to be acquired by such Manager with the proceeds of such loan or advance and will be full recourse against the assets of such Manager for at least an amount equal to interest on plus 50% of the principal of such loan and (d) all of the requirements of applicable law, including the delivery by such Manager to the Borrower and by the Borrower to the Administrative Agent of such certificates and documents as may be necessary for such loan or advance and for the Loans to be in compliance with Regulations T, U and X of the Federal Reserve Board, are complied with.

 

Reserve Report ” means either an Independent Reserve Report or an Internal Reserve Report.

 

Response ” shall have the meaning set forth in 42 U.S.C. § 9601(25) of CERCLA.

 

Responsible Officer ” means (a) with respect to any Person that is a corporation, such Person’s Chief Executive Officer, President, Chief Financial Officer, Vice President or other authorized representative of the Person as approved by such Person’s board of directors or other governing body, (b) with respect to any Person that is a limited liability company, if such Person has officers, then such Person’s Chief Executive Officer, President, Chief Financial Officer, Vice President or other authorized representative of the Person as approved by such Person’s board of managers or other governing body, and if such Person is managed by members, then a Responsible Officer of such Person’s managing member, and if such Person is managed by managers, then a manager (if such manager is an individual) or a Responsible Officer of such manager (if such manager is an entity), and (c) with respect to any Person that is a general partnership, limited partnership or a limited liability partnership, the Responsible Officer of such Person’s general partner or partners.

 

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Restricted Payment ” means, with respect to any Person, (a) any direct or indirect dividend or distribution (whether in cash, securities or other Property), return of capital or any direct or indirect payment of any kind or character (whether in cash, securities or other Property) made in connection with the Equity Interest of such Person, including those dividends, distributions, returns of capital and payments made in consideration for or otherwise in connection with any retirement, purchase, redemption or other acquisition of any Equity Interest of such Person, or any options, warrants or rights to purchase or acquire any such Equity Interest of such Person or (b) principal or interest payments (in cash, Property or otherwise) on, or redemptions of, subordinated debt of such Person; provided that the term “Restricted Payment” shall not include any dividend or distribution payable solely in common Equity Interests of such Person or warrants, options or other rights to purchase such Equity Interests.

 

S&P ” means Standard & Poor’s Rating Agency Group, a division of McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., or any successor thereof which is a national credit rating organization.

 

Sanction ” means any sanction administered or enforced by the United States Government (including OFAC), the United Nations Security Council, the European Union, Her Majesty’s Treasury or other relevant sanctions authority.

 

Sanctioned Entity ” means (a) a country or a government of a country, (b) an agency of the government of a country, (c) an organization directly or indirectly controlled by a country or its government, (d) a Person resident in a country, in each case, that is subject to a country sanctions program administered and enforced by OFAC.

 

Sanctioned Person ” means a person named on the list of Specially Designated Nationals maintained by OFAC.

 

SEC ” means the Securities and Exchange Commission.

 

Second Lien Administrative Lenders ” shall have the meaning set forth in the Second Lien Credit Agreement.

 

Second Lien Agent ” means Wilmington Trust, National Association, or such other Second Lien Lender serving in the capacity as the administrative agent under the Second Lien Credit Agreement, or their respective successors or assigns, to the extent permitted under the Second Lien Credit Agreement and the Intercreditor Agreement.

 

Second Lien Credit Agreement ” means the Senior Secured Credit Agreement dated as of May 29, 2014 among the Borrower, the Second Lien Agent and the Second Lien Lenders, as amended, restated, refinanced, supplemented or otherwise modified but only to the extent permitted under the terms of the Intercreditor Agreement.

 

Second Lien Debt ” means the “Second Lien Obligations” as defined in the Intercreditor Agreement, which shall be subject to the terms of the Intercreditor Agreement.

 

Second Lien Default ” means a Default (as defined in the Second Lien Credit Agreement).

 

Second Lien Event of Default ” means an Event of Default (as defined in the Second Lien Credit Agreement).

 

Second Lien Lenders ” means the lenders party to the Second Lien Credit Agreement from time to time.

 

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Second Lien Loan Documents ” means the Second Lien Credit Agreement, the promissory notes and security documents, each in form and substance satisfactory to the Administrative Agent and the Required Lenders, executed and delivered pursuant to the Second Lien Credit Agreement, the Intercreditor Agreement and each other agreement, instrument, certificate or document (other than the Loan Documents) executed by the Borrower, or any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective officers at any time in connection with the Second Lien Credit Agreement.

 

Secured Obligations ” means (a) the Obligations, (b) the Banking Services Obligations, and (c) Hedge Obligations; provided, however that “Secured Obligations” of any Guarantor shall not include the Excluded Swap Obligations of such Guarantor.

 

Secured Parties ” means the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Lender, the Lenders, the Swap Counterparties and Banking Service Providers.

 

Security Documents ” means, collectively, the Mortgages, Pledge and Security Agreement, the Transfer Letters and any and all other instruments, documents or agreements, including Account Control Agreements, now or hereafter executed by any Loan Party or any other Person to secure the Secured Obligations.

 

Solvent ” means, as to any Person, on the date of any determination (a) the fair value of the Property of such Person is greater than the total amount of debts and other liabilities (including without limitation, contingent liabilities) of such Person, (b) the present fair salable value of the assets of such Person is not less than the amount that will be required to pay the probable liability of such Person on its debts and other liabilities (including, without limitation, contingent liabilities) as they become absolute and matured, (c) such Person is able to realize upon its assets and pay its debts and other liabilities (including, without limitation, contingent liabilities) as they mature in the normal course of business, (d) such Person does not intend to, and does not believe that it will, incur debts or liabilities (including, without limitation, contingent liabilities) beyond such Person’s ability to pay as such debts and liabilities mature, (e) such Person is not engaged in, and is not about to engage in, business or a transaction for which such Person’s Property would constitute unreasonably small capital, and (f) such Person has not transferred, concealed or removed any Property with intent to hinder, delay or defraud any creditor of such Person. The amount of contingent liabilities at any time shall be computed as the amount that, in the light of all the facts and circumstances existing at such time, represents the amount that can reasonably be expected to become an actual or matured liability as of that date.

 

Subordination Agreement ” means a Subordination Agreement in form and substance acceptable to the Administrative Agent between the Loan Parties, the Administrative Agent and an Affiliate of the Loan Parties which is the operator of any Oil and Gas Properties of the Loan Parties.

 

Subsidiary ” means, with respect to any Person (the “ holder ”) at any date, any corporation, limited liability company, partnership, association or other entity the accounts of which would be consolidated with those of the holder in the holder’s consolidated financial statements if such financial statements were prepared in accordance with GAAP as of such date, as well as any other corporation, limited liability company, partnership, association or other entity, a majority of whose outstanding Voting Securities shall at any time be owned by the holder or one more Subsidiaries of the holder. Unless expressly provided otherwise, all references herein and in any other Loan Document to any “Subsidiary” or “Subsidiaries” means a Subsidiary or Subsidiaries of the Borrower.

 

Swap Counterparty ” means a Person who (a) is a Lender or Affiliate of a Lender on the Effective Date and is a counterparty to a Hedging Arrangement with a Loan Party, which Hedging Arrangement was in effect on the Effective Date, or (b) was a Lender or an Affiliate of a Lender at the

 

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time it entered into a Hedging Arrangement with a Loan Party as permitted by the terms of this Agreement; provided that (i) when any Swap Counterparty assigns or otherwise transfers any interest held by it under any Hedging Arrangement to any other Person pursuant to the terms of such agreement, the obligations thereunder shall be secured by Liens under the Loan Documents only if such assignee or transferee is also then a Lender or an Affiliate of a Lender and (ii) if a Swap Counterparty ceases to be a Lender hereunder or an Affiliate of a Lender hereunder, obligations owing to such Swap Counterparty shall be secured by Liens under the Loan Documents only to the extent such obligations arise from transactions under such individual Hedging Arrangements entered into prior to the Effective Date or at the time such Swap Counterparty was a Lender hereunder or an Affiliate of a Lender hereunder, without giving effect to any extension, increases, or modifications thereof which are made after such Swap Counterparty ceases to be a Lender hereunder or an Affiliate of a Lender hereunder.

 

Swap Obligation ” means, with respect to any Loan Party other than the Borrower, any obligation to pay or perform under any agreement, contract or transaction that constitutes a “swap” within the meaning of section 1a(47) of the Commodity Exchange Act.

 

Tax Group ” has the meaning assigned to it in Section 4.13 of this Agreement.

 

Taxes ” means all present or future taxes, levies, imposts, duties, deductions, withholdings (including backup withholding), assessments, fees or other charges imposed by any Governmental Authority, including any interest, additions to tax or penalties applicable thereto.

 

Termination Event ” means (a) a Reportable Event with respect to a Plan subject to Title IV of ERISA, (b) the withdrawal of the Borrower or any member of the Controlled Group from a Plan subject to Title IV of ERISA during a plan year in which it was a “substantial employer” as defined in Section 4001(a)(2) of ERISA, (c) the filing of a notice of intent to terminate a Plan subject to Title IV of ERISA or the treatment of an amendment to a Plan subject to Title IV of ERISA as a termination under Section 4041(c) of ERISA, (d) the institution of proceedings to terminate a Plan subject to Title IV of ERISA by the PBGC, or (e) any other event or condition which constitutes grounds under Section 4042 of ERISA for the termination of, or the appointment of a trustee to administer, any Plan subject to Title IV of ERISA.

 

Transactions ” means, collectively, (a) the initial borrowings and other extensions of credit under this Agreement and (b) the payment of fees, commissions and expenses in connection with each of the foregoing.

 

Transfer Letters ” means, collectively, the letters in lieu of transfer orders in substantially the form of the attached Exhibit I and executed by the Borrower, any Guarantor or any of their respective Subsidiaries executing a Mortgage.

 

Transition Services Agreement ” means the Transition Services Agreement, dated as of the May 29, 2014, between the Company and PRE Resources, LLC, as in effect on the May 29, 2014.

 

Type ” has the meaning set forth in Section 1.4 .

 

Unused Commitment Amount ” means, with respect to a Lender at any time, the lesser of (a) such Lender’s Commitment at such time and (b) such Lender’s Pro Rata Share of the Borrowing Base then in effect at such time minus , in each case the sum of (i) the aggregate outstanding principal amount of all Loans owed to such Lender at such time plus (ii) such Lender’s Pro Rata Share of the aggregate Letter of Credit Exposure at such time.

 

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U.S. Person ” means any Person that is a “United States Person” as defined in Section 7701(a)(30) of the Code.

 

U.S. Tax Compliance Certificate ” has the meaning assigned to such term in paragraph (f) of Section 2.13(g) .

 

Utilization Level ” means the applicable category (being Level I, Level II, Level III, Level IV or Level V) of pricing criteria contained in Schedule II , which is at any time of its determination based on the percentage obtained by dividing (a) the outstanding principal amount of the Loans and the Letter of Credit Exposure at such time by (b) the lesser of the Commitments and the Borrowing Base at such time.

 

Voting Securities ” means (a) with respect to any corporation, capital stock of the corporation having general voting power under ordinary circumstances to elect directors of such corporation (irrespective of whether at the time stock of any other class or classes shall have or might have special voting power or rights by reason of the happening of any contingency), (b) with respect to any partnership, any partnership interest or other ownership interest having general voting power to elect the general partner or other management of the partnership or other Person, and (c) with respect to any limited liability company, membership certificates or interests having general voting power under ordinary circumstances to elect managers of such limited liability company.

 

Wells Fargo ” means Wells Fargo Bank, National Association.

 

Wholly-Owned Subsidiary ” means any Subsidiary of which all of the outstanding Equity Interests (other than any directors’ qualifying shares mandated by applicable law), on a fully-diluted basis, are owned by the Borrower or one or more of the Wholly-Owned Subsidiaries.

 

Withholding Agent ” means any Loan Party and the Administrative Agent.

 

Yorktown Funds ” means, collectively, (a) the Co-Invest Funds, (b) Yorktown Energy Partners IX, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership,  (c) Yorktown Energy Partners X, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership and (d) any other “fund” (other than the Co-Invest Funds) with the same general partner as the Persons listed in clauses (b) and (c).

 

Yorktown Group Member ” means the Yorktown Funds, their limited partners, and each of their Affiliates.

 

Section 1.2                                     Computation of Time Periods .  In this Agreement in the computation of periods of time from a specified date to a later specified date, the word “from” means “from and including” and the words “to” and “until” each means “to but excluding”.

 

Section 1.3                                     Accounting Terms; Changes in GAAP .

 

(a)                                  All accounting terms not specifically defined in this Agreement shall be construed in accordance with GAAP applied on a consistent basis with those applied in the preparation of the financial statements of the Borrower delivered to the Administrative Agent for the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2014.

 

(b)                                  Unless otherwise indicated, all financial statements of the Borrower, all calculations for compliance with covenants in this Agreement, all determinations of the Applicable Margin, and all calculations of any amounts to be calculated under the definitions in Section 1.1 shall be based upon the

 

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consolidated accounts of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries in accordance with GAAP and consistent with the principles of consolidation applied in preparing the financial statements referred to in Section 4.4 .

 

(c)                                   If at any time any change in GAAP would affect the computation of any financial ratio or requirement set forth in any Loan Document, and either the Borrower or the Majority Lenders shall so request, the Administrative Agent, the Lenders and the Borrower shall negotiate in good faith to amend such ratio or requirement to preserve the original intent thereof in light of such change in GAAP (subject to the approval of the Majority Lenders); provided that , until so amended, (i) such ratio or requirement shall continue to be computed in accordance with GAAP prior to such change therein and (ii) the Borrower shall provide to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders financial statements and other documents required under this Agreement or as reasonably requested hereunder setting forth a reconciliation between calculations of such ratio or requirement made before and after giving effect to such change in GAAP.

 

Section 1.4                                     Types of Loans .  Loans are distinguished by “Type”.  The “Type” of a Loan refers to the determination of whether such Loan is a Base Rate Loan or a Eurodollar Loan.

 

Section 1.5                                     Miscellaneous .  Article, Section, Schedule, and Exhibit references are to this Agreement, unless otherwise specified.  All references herein (or in any Loan Document) to instruments, documents, contracts, and agreements (including this Agreement) are references to such instruments, documents, contracts, and agreements as the same may be amended, restated, amended and restated, supplemented, and otherwise modified from time to time, unless otherwise specified and shall include all schedules and exhibits thereto unless otherwise specified.  Any reference herein (or in any Loan Document) to any law shall be construed as referring to such law as amended, modified, codified or reenacted, in whole or in part, and in effect from time to time. The foregoing rule of construction shall only apply with respect to amendments to or other modifications of the Second Lien Loan Documents to the extent such amendments or other modifications are made in accordance with the terms of this Agreement and of the Intercreditor Agreement. Any reference herein to any Person shall be construed to include such Person’s successors and assigns (subject to the restrictions contained herein).  The words “hereof”, “herein”, and “hereunder” and words of similar import when used in this Agreement shall refer to this Agreement as a whole and not to any particular provision of this Agreement.  The term “including” means “including, without limitation,”.  Paragraph headings have been inserted in this Agreement as a matter of convenience for reference only and it is agreed that such paragraph headings are not a part of this Agreement and shall not be used in the interpretation of any provision of this Agreement.

 

ARTICLE 2
CREDIT FACILITIES

 

Section 2.1                                     Commitment for Loans .

 

(a)                                  Loans .  Each Lender severally agrees, on the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, to make Loans to the Borrower from time to time on any Business Day during the Availability Period in an amount for each Lender not to exceed such Lender’s Unused Commitment Amount.  Each Borrowing shall, (A) if comprised of Base Rate Loans, be in an aggregate amount not less than $250,000 and in integral multiples of $100,000 in excess thereof, (B) if comprised of Eurodollar Loans, be in an aggregate amount not less than $500,000 and in integral multiples of $100,000 in excess thereof, and (C) in each case shall consist of Loans of the same Type made on the same day by the Lenders ratably according to their respective Commitments.  Within the limits of each Lender’s Commitment, and subject to the terms of this Agreement, the Borrower may from time to time borrow, prepay pursuant to Section 2.5 , and reborrow under this Section 2.1 .

 

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(b)                                  Notes .  The indebtedness of the Borrower to each Lender resulting from Loans owing to such Lender shall be evidenced by a Note payable to such Lender or its registered assigns.

 

(c)                                   Reduction of the Commitments .  The Borrower shall have the right, upon at least three Business Days’ irrevocable notice to the Administrative Agent, to terminate in whole or reduce in part the unused portion of the Commitments; provided that each partial reduction shall be in a minimum amount of $500,000 and in integral multiples of $100,000 in excess thereof; provided further that a notice of termination or reduction of the Commitments pursuant to this section may state that such notice is conditioned upon the effectiveness of new credit facilities or other debt or equity financing, in which case such notice may be revoked by the Borrower if such condition is not satisfied.  Any reduction or termination of the Commitments pursuant to this Section 2.1(c)  shall be applied ratably to each Lender’s Commitment and shall be permanent, with no obligation of the Lenders to reinstate such Commitments, and the applicable Commitment Fees shall thereafter be computed on the basis of the Commitments, as so reduced.

 

Section 2.2                                     Borrowing Base .

 

(a)                                  Borrowing Base .  The initial Borrowing Base in effect as of the Effective Date has been set by the Administrative Agent and the Lenders and acknowledged by the Borrower as $135,000,000. Such initial Borrowing Base shall remain in effect until the next redetermination or reduction made pursuant to this Section 2.2 .  The Borrowing Base shall be determined in accordance with the standards set forth in Section 2.2(d)  and is subject to periodic redetermination pursuant to Sections 2.2(b) , and 2.2(c)  and reductions pursuant to Section 2.2(e) .

 

(b)                                  Calculation of Borrowing Base.

 

(i)                                      For the November 1 Borrowing Base redetermination, the Borrower shall deliver to the Administrative Agent, on or before each October 1, beginning October 1, 2014, an Internal Reserve Report dated effective as of the immediately preceding July 1 st  and such other information as may be reasonably requested by the Administrative Agent or any Lender with respect to the Oil and Gas Properties included or to be included in the Borrowing Base; provided that for the November 1, 2014 Borrowing Base redetermination, the Internal Reserve Report shall be dated effective as of September 1, 2014.  Within 30 days after the Administrative Agent’s receipt of such Internal Reserve Report and other information, (A) the Administrative Agent shall deliver to each Lender the Administrative Agent’s recommendation for the redetermined Borrowing Base, (B) the Required Lenders (or in the case of an increase to the Borrowing Base, all Lenders) shall redetermine the Borrowing Base in accordance with Section 2.2(d) , and (C) the Administrative Agent shall promptly notify the Borrower in writing of the amount of the Borrowing Base as so redetermined.

 

(ii)                                   For the February 1 Borrowing Base redetermination, the Borrower shall deliver to the Administrative Agent, on or before January 1, 2015, an Internal Reserve Report dated effective as of the immediately preceding December 1 st  and such other information as may be reasonably requested by the Administrative Agent or any Lender with respect to the Oil and Gas Properties included or to be included in the Borrowing Base.  Within 30 days after the Administrative Agent’s receipt of such Internal Reserve Report and other information, (A) the Administrative Agent shall deliver to each Lender the Administrative Agent’s recommendation for the redetermined Borrowing Base, (B) the Required Lenders (or in the case of an increase to the Borrowing Base, all Lenders) shall redetermine the Borrowing Base in accordance with Section 2.2(d) , and (C) the Administrative Agent shall promptly notify the Borrower in writing of the amount of the Borrowing Base as so redetermined.

 

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(iii)                                For the May 1 Borrowing Base redetermination, the Borrower shall deliver to the Administrative Agent, on or before each April 1 st , beginning April 1, 2015, an Independent Reserve Report dated effective as of the immediately preceding January 1 st  and such other information as may be reasonably requested by the Administrative Agent or any Lender with respect to the Oil and Gas Properties included or to be included in the Borrowing Base; provided that for the May 1, 2015 Borrowing Base redetermination, the Independent Reserve Report shall be dated effective as of March 1, 2015.  Within 30 days after the Administrative Agent’s receipt of such Independent Reserve Report and other information, (A) the Administrative Agent shall deliver to each Lender the Administrative Agent’s recommendation for the redetermined Borrowing Base, (B) the Required Lenders (or in the case of an increase to the Borrowing Base, all Lenders) shall redetermine the Borrowing Base in accordance with Section 2.2(d) , and (C) the Administrative Agent shall promptly notify the Borrower in writing of the amount of the Borrowing Base as so redetermined.

 

(iv)                               For the August 1 Borrowing Base redetermination, the Borrower shall deliver to the Administrative Agent, on or before July 1, 2015, an Internal Reserve Report dated effective as of the immediately preceding June 1 st  and such other information as may be reasonably requested by the Administrative Agent or any Lender with respect to the Oil and Gas Properties included or to be included in the Borrowing Base.  Within 30 days after the Administrative Agent’s receipt of such Internal Reserve Report and other information, (A) the Administrative Agent shall deliver to each Lender the Administrative Agent’s recommendation for the redetermined Borrowing Base, (B) the Required Lenders (or in the case of an increase to the Borrowing Base, all Lenders) shall redetermine the Borrowing Base in accordance with Section 2.2(d) , and (C) the Administrative Agent shall promptly notify the Borrower in writing of the amount of the Borrowing Base as so redetermined.

 

(v)                                  In the event that the Borrower does not furnish to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders the Independent Reserve Report, Internal Reserve Report or other information specified in clauses (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) above by the date specified therein, the Administrative Agent and the Lenders may nonetheless redetermine the Borrowing Base and redesignate the Borrowing Base from time-to-time thereafter in their sole discretion, with notice of such redetermination promptly provided to the Borrower by the Administrative Agent in writing.

 

(vi)                               Each delivery of an Reserve Report by the Borrower to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders shall constitute a representation and warranty by the Borrower to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders that (A) the Loan Parties, own the Oil and Gas Properties specified therein with at least 80% (by value) of the Proven Reserves covered therein subject to an Acceptable Security Interest and free and clear of any Liens (except Permitted Liens), (B) on and as of the date of such Reserve Report each Oil and Gas Property identified as PDP Reserves therein was developed for oil and gas, and the wells pertaining to such Oil and Gas Properties that are described therein as producing wells (“ Wells ”), were each producing oil and/or gas in paying quantities, except for Wells that were utilized as water or gas injection wells, carbon dioxide wells or as water disposal wells (each as noted in such Reserve Report), (C) the descriptions of quantum and nature of the record title interests of the Loan Parties, set forth in such Reserve Report include the entire record title interests of the Loan Parties in such Oil and Gas Properties, are complete and accurate in all respects, and take into account all Permitted Liens, (D) there are no “back-in” or “reversionary” interests held by third parties which could reduce the interests of the Loan Parties in such Oil and Gas Properties except as set forth in Reserve Report, (E) no operating or other agreement to which any Loan Party is a party or by which any Loan Party is bound affecting any part of such Oil and Gas Properties requires any Loan Party to bear any of the costs relating to such Oil and Gas Properties greater than the record title interest of any Loan

 

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Party in such portion of such Oil and Gas Properties as set forth in such Reserve Report, except in the event any Loan Party is obligated under an operating agreement to assume a portion of a defaulting party’s share of costs, and (F) the Loan Parties’ ownership of the Hydrocarbons and the undivided interests in the Oil and Gas Properties as specified in such Reserve Report (i) will, after giving full effect to all Permitted Liens, afford the Loan Parties not less than those net interests (expressed as a fraction, percentage or decimal) in the production from or which is allocated to such Hydrocarbons specified as net revenue interest in such Reserve Report and (ii) will cause the Loan Parties to bear not more than that portion (expressed as a fraction, percentage or decimal), specified as working interest in such Reserve Report, of the costs of drilling, developing and operating the wells identified in such Reserve Report or identified in the exhibits to the Mortgages encumbering such Oil and Gas Properties (except for any increases in working interest with a corresponding increase in the net revenue interest in such Oil and Gas Property).

 

(c)                                   Interim Redetermination .  In addition to the Borrowing Base redeterminations provided for in Section 2.2(b) , (i) based on such information as the Administrative Agent and the Lenders deem relevant (but in accordance with Section 2.2(d) ), the Administrative Agent may, and shall at the request of the Required Lenders, make one additional redetermination of the Borrowing Base during the period between any two scheduled redeterminations; and (ii) based on such information as the Administrative Agent and the Lenders deem relevant (but in accordance with Section 2.2(d) ), the Administrative Agent shall at the request of the Borrower, make one additional redetermination of the Borrowing Base during the period between any two scheduled redeterminations.  For the avoidance of doubt, such additional redeterminations of the Borrowing Base shall not constitute nor be construed as a consent to any transaction or proposed transaction that would not be permitted under the terms of this Agreement.  The party requesting the redetermination under this paragraph (c) shall give the other party at least 10 days’ prior written notice that a redetermination of the Borrowing Base pursuant to this paragraph (c) is to be performed; provided that, no such prior written notice shall be required for any redetermination made by the Lenders during the existence of a Default.  In connection with any redetermination of the Borrowing Base under this Section 2.2(c) , the Borrower shall provide the Administrative Agent and the Lenders with an Independent Reserve Report or an Internal Reserve Report dated effective as of a date no more than 30 days prior to the redetermination and such other information as may be reasonably requested by the Administrative Agent or any Lender with respect to the Oil and Gas Properties included or to be included in the Borrowing Base.  The Administrative Agent shall promptly notify the Borrower in writing of each redetermination of the Borrowing Base pursuant to this Section 2.2(c)  and the amount of the Borrowing Base as so redetermined.

 

(d)                                  Standards for Redetermination .  Each  redetermination of the Borrowing Base by the Lenders pursuant to this Section 2.2 shall be made (i) in the sole discretion of the Administrative Agent and the Lenders (but in accordance with the other provisions of this Section 2.2(d) ), (ii) in accordance with the Administrative Agent’s and the Lenders’ customary internal standards and practices for valuing and redetermining the value of Oil and Gas Properties in connection with reserve based oil and gas loan transactions, (iii) in conjunction with the most recent Independent Reserve Report or Internal Reserve Report, as applicable, or other information received by the Administrative Agent and the Lenders relating to the Proven Reserves of the Loan Parties, and (iv) based upon the estimated value of the Proven Reserves owned by the Loan Parties as determined by the Administrative Agent and the Lenders.  In valuing and redetermining the Borrowing Base, the Administrative Agent and the Lenders may also consider the business, financial condition, and Debt obligations of the Loan Parties and such other factors as the Administrative Agent and the Lenders customarily deem appropriate, including without limitation, commodity price assumptions, projections of production, operating expenses, general and administrative expenses, capital costs, working capital requirements, liquidity evaluations, dividend payments, environmental costs, and legal costs.  In that regard, the Borrower acknowledges that the determination of the Borrowing Base contains an equity cushion (market value in excess of loan value), which is essential

 

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for the adequate protection of the Administrative Agent and the Lenders.  No Proven Reserves shall be included or considered for inclusion in the Borrowing Base unless the Administrative Agent shall have received, at the Borrower’s expense, (A) evidence of title reasonably satisfactory in form and substance to the Administrative Agent covering at least (x) prior to the Post-Closing Deadline, 70% (by value) of the Proven Reserves and the Oil and Gas Properties relating thereto, and (y) thereafter 80% (by value) of the Proven Reserves and the Oil and Gas Properties relating thereto, and (B) Mortgages and such other Security Documents requested by the Administrative Agent to the extent necessary to cause the Administrative Agent to have an Acceptable Security Interest in at least 80% (by value) of the Proven Reserves and the Oil and Gas Properties relating thereto.  At all times after the Administrative Agent has given the Borrower notification of a redetermination of the Borrowing Base under this Section 2.2 , the Borrowing Base shall be equal to the redetermined amount or such lesser amount designated by the Borrower and disclosed in writing to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders until the Borrowing Base is subsequently redetermined or reduced in accordance with this Section 2.2 ; provided that the Borrower shall not request that the Borrowing Base be reduced to a level that would result in a Borrowing Base Deficiency.  Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, (x) to the extent the redetermined Borrowing Base is less than or equal to the Borrowing Base in effect prior to such redetermination, such redetermined Borrowing Base must be approved by the Administrative Agent and the Required Lenders, and (y) to the extent the redetermined Borrowing Base is greater than the Borrowing Base in effect prior to such redetermination, such redetermined Borrowing Base must be approved by the Administrative Agent and all of the Lenders.  If, however, the Administrative Agent and the Lenders or the Required Lenders, as applicable, have not approved the Borrowing Base in accordance with the preceding sentence, then the Administrative Agent shall, as soon as practicable, poll the Lenders to ascertain the highest Borrowing Base then acceptable to all of the Lenders and such amount shall become the new Borrowing Base; provided that if less than all of the Lenders agree to a proposed Borrowing Base greater than the Borrowing Base then in effect, then the Administrative Agent shall poll the Lenders to ascertain the highest Borrowing Base (which, for clarification, may be no higher than the Borrowing Base then in effect) acceptable to  the number of Lenders sufficient to constitute the Required Lenders for purposes of this Section 2.2 and such amount shall become the new Borrowing Base.

 

(e)                                   Reductions to Borrowing Base .

 

(i)                                      Asset Sales . If, upon the consummation of any Asset Sale of Oil and Gas Properties, the BB Variation Amount shall exceed 5% of the most recently redetermined Borrowing Base, then the Borrowing Base in effect immediately prior to the consummation of such Asset Sale shall be reduced by the BB Value of the Oil and Gas Properties subject to such Asset Sale.

 

(ii)                                   Hedge Modifications . If, upon the novation, amendment, restructuring, unwind or other termination of any Hedging Arrangement, the BB Variation Amount shall exceed 5% of the most recently redetermined Borrowing Base, then the Borrowing Base in effect immediately prior to such novation, amendment, restructuring, unwind or termination of such Hedging Arrangement shall be reduced by the BB Value of such Hedging Arrangement.

 

(iii)                                Debt Issuances .  Upon the issuance of Debt in the form of Permitted Notes, the Borrowing Base shall be automatically reduced by an amount equal to 25% of the excess, if any of (A) the aggregate principal amount of the Permitted Notes issued, over (B) $430,000,000.

 

Section 2.3                                     Letters of Credit .

 

(a)                                  Commitment for Letters of Credit .  Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, the Issuing Lender agrees, in reliance upon the agreements of the other Lenders set forth in

 

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this Section 2.3 , from time to time on any Business Day during the Availability Period, to issue, increase or extend the expiration date of, Letters of Credit for the account of any Loan Party, provided that no Letter of Credit will be issued, increased, or extended:

 

(i)                                      if such issuance, increase, or extension would cause the Letter of Credit Exposure to exceed the lesser of (A) the Letter of Credit Maximum Amount and (B) an amount equal to (1) the lesser of the Borrowing Base and the aggregate Commitments, in either case, in effect at such time minus (2) the sum of the aggregate outstanding amount of all Loans;

 

(ii)                                   unless such Letter of Credit has an expiration date not later than the earlier of (A) one year after its issuance or extension and (B) five Business Days prior to the Maturity Date (an “ Acceptable Letter of Credit Maturity Date ”); provided that, (1) if the Commitments are terminated in whole pursuant to Section 2.1(c) , the Borrower shall either (A) deposit into the Cash Collateral Account cash in an amount equal to 103% (or such lower amount as may be acceptable to the Issuing Lender) of the Letter of Credit Exposure for the Letters of Credit which have an expiry date beyond the date the Commitments are terminated or (B) provide a replacement letter of credit (or other security) reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent and the Issuing Lender in an amount equal to 103% (or such lower amount as may be acceptable to the Issuing Lender) of the Letter of Credit Exposure, and (2) any such Letter of Credit with a one-year tenor may expressly provide for an automatic extension of one additional year so long as such Letter of Credit expressly allows the Issuing Lender, at its sole discretion, to elect not to provide such extension; provided that, in any event, such automatic extension may not result in an expiration date that occurs after the fifth Business Day prior to the Maturity Date;

 

(iii)                                unless such Letter of Credit is a standby letter of credit not supporting the repayment of indebtedness for borrowed money of any Person;

 

(iv)                               unless such Letter of Credit is in form and substance acceptable to the Issuing Lender in its sole discretion;

 

(v)                                  unless the Borrower has delivered to the Issuing Lender a completed and executed Letter of Credit Application; provided that, if the terms of any Letter of Credit Application conflicts with the terms of this Agreement, the terms of this Agreement shall control;

 

(vi)                               unless such Letter of Credit is governed by (A) the Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits (2007 Revision), International Chamber of Commerce Publication No. 600, or (B) the International Standby Practices (ISP98), International Chamber of Commerce Publication No. 590, in either case, including any subsequent revisions thereof approved by a Congress of the International Chamber of Commerce and adhered to by the Issuing Lender;

 

(vii)                            if any order, judgment or decree of any Governmental Authority or arbitrator shall by its terms purport to enjoin or restrain the Issuing Lender from issuing, increasing or extending such Letter of Credit, or any Legal Requirement applicable to the Issuing Lender or any request or directive (whether or not having the force of law) from any Governmental Authority with jurisdiction over the Issuing Lender shall prohibit, or request that the Issuing Lender refrain from, the issuance, increase or extension of letters of credit generally or such Letter of Credit in particular or shall impose upon the Issuing Lender with respect to such Letter of Credit any restriction, reserve or capital requirement (for which the Issuing Lender is not otherwise compensated hereunder) not in effect on the Effective Date, or shall impose upon the

 

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Issuing Lender any unreimbursed loss, cost or expense which was not applicable on the Effective Date and which the Issuing Lender in good faith deems material to it;

 

(viii)                         if the issuance, increase or extension of such Letter of Credit would violate one or more policies of the Issuing Lender applicable to letters of credit generally;

 

(ix)                               if Letter of Credit is to be denominated in a currency other than Dollars;

 

(x)                                  if any Lender is at such time a Defaulting Lender hereunder, unless the Issuing Lender has entered into satisfactory arrangements including the delivery of Cash Collateral, satisfactory to the Issuing Lender (in its sole discretion) with the Borrower or such Lender to eliminate the Issuing Lender’s actual or potential Fronting Exposure (after giving effect to Section 2.16(a)(iv )) with respect to the Defaulting Lender arising from either the Letter of Credit then proposed to be issued or that Letter of Credit and all other Letter of Credit Obligations as to which the Issuing Lender has actual or potential Fronting Exposure, as it may elect in its sole discretion; or

 

(xi)                               if such Letter of Credit supports the obligations of any Person in respect of (x) a lease of real property, or (y) an employment contract, in each case, if the Issuing Lender reasonably determines that the Borrower’s obligation to reimburse any draws under such Letter of Credit may be limited.

 

(b)                                  Requesting Letters of Credit .  Each Letter of Credit shall be issued pursuant to a Letter of Credit Application given by the Borrower to the Administrative Agent and the Issuing Lender by facsimile, email or other writing not later than 10:00 a.m. (Denver, Colorado time) on the third Business Day before the proposed date of issuance for the Letter of Credit.  Each Letter of Credit Application shall be fully completed and shall specify the information required therein.  Each Letter of Credit Application shall be irrevocable and binding on the Borrower.  Subject to the terms and conditions hereof, the Issuing Lender shall before 1:00 p.m. (Denver, Colorado time) on the requested issuance date set forth in the Letter of Credit Application issue such Letter of Credit to the beneficiary of such Letter of Credit.

 

(c)                                   Reimbursements for Letters of Credit; Funding of Participations .

 

(i)                                      With respect to any Letter of Credit, in accordance with the related Letter of Credit Application, the Borrower agrees to pay on demand to the Administrative Agent on behalf of the Issuing Lender an amount equal to any amount paid by the Issuing Lender under such Letter of Credit.  Upon the Issuing Lender’s demand for payment under the terms of a Letter of Credit Application, the Borrower may, with a written notice, request that the Borrower’s obligations to the Issuing Lender thereunder be satisfied with the proceeds of a Loan in the same amount (notwithstanding any minimum size or increment limitations on individual Loans).  If the Borrower does not make such request and does not otherwise make the payments demanded by the Issuing Lender as required under this Agreement or the Letter of Credit Application, then the Borrower shall be deemed for all purposes of this Agreement to have requested such a Loan in the same amount and the transfer of the proceeds thereof to satisfy the Borrower’s obligations to the Issuing Lender, and the Borrower hereby unconditionally and irrevocably authorizes, empowers, and directs the Lenders to make such Loan, to transfer the proceeds thereof to the Issuing Lender in satisfaction of such obligations, and to record and otherwise treat such payments as a Loan to the Borrower.  The Administrative Agent and each Lender may record and otherwise treat the making of such Borrowings as the making of a Borrowing to the Borrower under this Agreement as if requested by the Borrower.  Nothing herein is intended to release any of the Borrower’s obligations under any Letter of Credit Application, but only to provide an

 

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additional method of payment therefor.  The making of any Borrowing under this Section 2.3(c)  shall not constitute a cure or waiver of any Default, other than the payment Default which is satisfied by the application of the amounts deemed advanced hereunder, caused by the Borrower’s failure to comply with the provisions of this Agreement or the Letter of Credit Application.

 

(ii)                                   Each Lender (including the Lender acting as Issuing Lender) shall, upon notice from the Administrative Agent that the Borrower has requested or is deemed to have requested a Loan pursuant to Section 2.4 and regardless of whether (A) the conditions in Section 3.2 have been met, (B) such notice complies with Section 2.4 , or (C) a Default exists, make funds available to the Administrative Agent for the account of the Issuing Lender in an amount equal to such Lender’s Pro Rata Share of the amount of such Loan not later than 1:00 p.m. (Denver, Colorado time) on the Business Day specified in such notice by the Administrative Agent, whereupon each Lender that so makes funds available shall be deemed to have made a Loan to the Borrower in such amount.  The Administrative Agent shall remit the funds so received to the Issuing Lender.

 

(iii)                                If any such Lender shall not have so made its Loan available to the Administrative Agent pursuant to this Section 2.3 , such Lender agrees to pay interest thereon for each day from such date until the date such amount is paid at the lesser of (A) the Federal Funds Rate for such day for the first three days and thereafter the interest rate applicable to the Loan and (B) the Maximum Rate.  Whenever, at any time after the Administrative Agent has received from any Lender such Lender’s Loan, the Administrative Agent receives any payment on account thereof, the Administrative Agent will pay to such Lender its participating interest in such amount (appropriately adjusted, in the case of interest payments, to reflect the period of time during which such Lender’s Loan was outstanding and funded), which payment shall be subject to repayment by such Lender if such payment received by the Administrative Agent is required to be returned.  Each Lender’s obligation to make the Loan pursuant to this Section 2.3 shall be absolute and unconditional and shall not be affected by any circumstance, including (1) any set-off, counterclaim, recoupment, defense or other right which such Lender or any other Person may have against the Issuing Lender, the Administrative Agent or any other Person for any reason whatsoever; (2) the occurrence or continuance of a Default or the termination of the Commitments; (3) any breach of this Agreement by any Loan Party or any other Lender; or (4) any other circumstance, happening or event whatsoever, whether or not similar to any of the foregoing.

 

(d)                                  Participations .  Upon the date of the issuance or increase of a Letter of Credit, the Issuing Lender shall be deemed to have sold to each other Lender and each other Lender shall have been deemed to have purchased from the Issuing Lender a participation in the related Letter of Credit Obligations equal to such Lender’s Pro Rata Share at such date and such sale and purchase shall otherwise be in accordance with the terms of this Agreement.  The Issuing Lender shall promptly notify each such participant Lender by facsimile, telephone, or electronic mail (PDF) of each Letter of Credit issued or increased and the actual dollar amount of such Lender’s participation in such Letter of Credit.

 

(e)                                   Obligations Unconditional .  The obligations of the Borrower under this Agreement in respect of each Letter of Credit shall be unconditional and irrevocable, and shall be paid strictly in accordance with the terms of this Agreement under all circumstances, notwithstanding the following circumstances:

 

(i)                                      any lack of validity or enforceability of any Letter of Credit Documents;

 

(ii)                                   any amendment or waiver of or any consent to departure from any Letter of Credit Documents;

 

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(iii)                                the existence of any claim, set-off, defense or other right which any Loan Party may have at any time against any beneficiary or transferee of such Letter of Credit (or any Persons for whom any such beneficiary or any such transferee may be acting), the Issuing Lender, any Lender or any other person or entity, whether in connection with this Agreement, the transactions contemplated in this Agreement or in any Letter of Credit Documents or any unrelated transaction;

 

(iv)                               any statement or any other document presented under such Letter of Credit proving to be forged, fraudulent, invalid or insufficient in any respect or any statement therein being untrue or inaccurate in any respect to the extent the Issuing Lender would not be liable therefor pursuant to the following paragraph (g);

 

(v)                                  payment by the Issuing Lender under such Letter of Credit against presentation of a draft or certificate which does not comply with the terms of such Letter of Credit; or

 

(vi)                               any other circumstance or happening whatsoever, whether or not similar to any of the foregoing;

 

provided , however, that nothing contained in this paragraph (e) shall be deemed to constitute a waiver of any remedies of the Borrower in connection with the Letters of Credit.

 

(f)                                    Prepayments of Letters of Credit .  In the event that any Letter of Credit shall be outstanding or shall be drawn and not reimbursed on or prior to the Acceptable Letter of Credit Maturity Date, the Borrower shall pay to the Administrative Agent an amount equal to 103% (or such lower amount as may be acceptable to the Issuing Lender) of the Letter of Credit Exposure allocable to such Letter of Credit, such amount to be due and payable on the Acceptable Letter of Credit Maturity Date, and to be held in the Cash Collateral Account and applied in accordance with paragraph (h) below.

 

(g)                                   Liability of Issuing Lender .  The Borrower assumes all risks of the acts or omissions of any beneficiary or transferee of any Letter of Credit with respect to its use of such Letter of Credit.  Neither the Issuing Lender nor any of its officers or directors shall be liable or responsible for:

 

(i)                                      the use which may be made of any Letter of Credit or any acts or omissions of any beneficiary or transferee in connection therewith;

 

(ii)                                   the validity, sufficiency or genuineness of documents, or of any endorsement thereon, even if such documents should prove to be in any or all respects invalid, insufficient, fraudulent or forged;

 

(iii)                                payment by the Issuing Lender against presentation of documents which do not comply with the terms of a Letter of Credit, including failure of any documents to bear any reference or adequate reference to the relevant Letter of Credit; or

 

(iv)                               any other circumstances whatsoever in making or failing to make payment under any Letter of Credit ( INCLUDING THE ISSUING LENDER’S OWN NEGLIGENCE ),

 

except that the Borrower shall have a claim against the Issuing Lender, and the Issuing Lender shall be liable to, and shall promptly pay to, the Borrower, to the extent of any direct, as opposed to consequential, damages suffered by the Borrower which the Borrower proves were caused by (A) the Issuing Lender’s willful misconduct or gross negligence in determining whether documents presented under a Letter of Credit comply with the terms of such Letter of Credit or (B) the Issuing Lender’s willful failure to make

 

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lawful payment under any Letter of Credit after the presentation to it of a draft and certificate strictly complying with the terms and conditions of such Letter of Credit, in each case of clauses (A) and (B) above, as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction by final and nonappealable judgment.  In furtherance and not in limitation of the foregoing, the Issuing Lender may accept documents that appear on their face to be in order, without responsibility for further investigation, regardless of any notice or information to the contrary or may refuse to accept and make payment upon such document if such documents are not in strict compliance with the terms of such Letter of Credit.

 

(h)                                  Cash Collateral Account .

 

(i)                                      If the Borrower is required to deposit funds in the Cash Collateral Account pursuant to Sections 2.5(c), 2.16, 7.2(b)  or 7.3(b)  or any other provision under this Agreement, then the Borrower and the Administrative Agent shall establish the Cash Collateral Account and the Borrower shall execute any documents and agreements, including the Administrative Agent’s standard form assignment of deposit accounts, that the Administrative Agent reasonably requests in connection therewith to establish the Cash Collateral Account and grant the Administrative Agent an Acceptable Security Interest in such account and the funds therein.  The Borrower hereby pledges to the Administrative Agent and grants the Administrative Agent a security interest in the Cash Collateral Account, whenever established, all funds held in the Cash Collateral Account from time to time, and all proceeds thereof as security for the payment of the Secured Obligations.

 

(ii)                                   Funds held in the Cash Collateral Account shall be held as cash collateral for obligations with respect to Letters of Credit and promptly applied by the Administrative Agent at the request of the Issuing Lender to any reimbursement or other obligations under Letters of Credit that exist or occur.  To the extent that any surplus funds are held in the Cash Collateral Account above the Letter of Credit Exposure during the existence of an Event of Default the Administrative Agent may (A) hold such surplus funds in the Cash Collateral Account as cash collateral for the Secured Obligations or (B) apply such surplus funds to any Secured Obligations in any manner directed by the Required Lenders.  If no Default exists, the Administrative Agent shall release any surplus funds held in the Cash Collateral Account above the Letter of Credit Exposure to the Borrower at the Borrower’s written request.

 

(iii)                                Funds held in the Cash Collateral Account may be invested in Liquid Investments maintained with, and under the sole dominion and control of, the Administrative Agent or in another investment if mutually agreed upon by the Borrower and the Administrative Agent, but the Administrative Agent shall have no obligation to make any investment of the funds therein.  The Administrative Agent shall exercise reasonable care in the custody and preservation of any funds held in the Cash Collateral Account and shall be deemed to have exercised such care if such funds are accorded treatment substantially equivalent to that which the Administrative Agent accords its own property, it being understood that the Administrative Agent shall not have any responsibility for taking any necessary steps to preserve rights against any parties with respect to any such funds.

 

(i)                                      Letters of Credit Issued for Guarantors or any Subsidiary .  Notwithstanding that a Letter of Credit issued or outstanding hereunder is in support of any obligations of, or is for the account of, a Guarantor or any Subsidiary, the Borrower shall be obligated to reimburse the Issuing Lender hereunder for any and all drawings under such Letter of Credit issued hereunder by the Issuing Lender.  The Borrower hereby acknowledges that the issuance of Letters of Credit for the account of any Guarantor, the Borrower or any Subsidiary inures to the benefit of the Borrower, and that the Borrower’s business (indirectly or directly) derives substantial benefits from the businesses of such other Persons.

 

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Section 2.4                                     Loans .

 

(a)                                  Notice .  Each Borrowing, shall be made pursuant to the applicable Notice of Borrowing given by Borrower to Administrative Agent not later than (i) 10:00 a.m. (Denver, Colorado time) on the third Business Day before the date of the proposed Borrowing, in the case of a Eurodollar Loan or (ii) 10:00 a.m. (Denver, Colorado time) on the Business Day of the proposed Borrowing in the case of a Base Rate Loan; provided that no such notice is required for Loans to the extent set forth in Section 2.3(c)(i) . The Administrative Agent shall give to each Lender prompt notice of such proposed Borrowing, by facsimile, telex or electronic mail.  Each Notice of Borrowing shall be by facsimile, telex, or electronic mail, confirmed promptly by the Borrower with a hard copy (other than with respect to notice sent by facsimile or by electronic email to the extent there is a confirmation that the notice was received), specifying (i) the requested date of such Borrowing (which shall be a Business Day), (ii) the requested Type of Loans comprising such Borrowing, (iii) the aggregate amount of such Borrowing, and (iv) if such Borrowing is to be comprised of Eurodollar Loans, the requested Interest Period for each such Loan; provided that, and all Borrowings to be made on the Effective Date shall consist only of Base Rate Loan which may, subject to the terms of this Agreement, be thereafter Converted into Eurodollar Loans.  In the case of a proposed Borrowing comprised of Eurodollar Loans, the Administrative Agent shall promptly notify each Lender of the applicable interest rate under Section 2.8(b) .  Each Lender shall, before 11:00 a.m. (Denver, Colorado time) on the date of such Borrowing, make available for the account of its applicable Lending Office to the Administrative Agent at its address referred to in Section 9.9 , or such other location as the Administrative Agent may specify by notice to the Lenders, in same day funds, such Lender’s Pro Rata Share of such Borrowing.  After the Administrative Agent’s receipt of such funds and upon fulfillment of the applicable conditions set forth in Article 3, the Administrative Agent will make such funds available to the Borrower at its account with the Administrative Agent or as otherwise directed by the Borrower with written notice to the Administrative Agent.

 

(b)                                  Conversions and Continuations .  In order to elect to Convert or continue a Loan under this paragraph, the Borrower shall deliver an irrevocable Notice of Continuation or Conversion to the Administrative Agent at the Administrative Agent’s office no later than 10:00 a.m. (Denver, Colorado time) (i) at least one Business Day in advance of the proposed conversion date in the case of a Conversion to a Base Rate Loan and (ii) at least three Business Days in advance of the proposed Conversion or continuation date in the case of a Conversion to, or a continuation of, a Eurodollar Loan.  Each such Notice of Conversion or Continuation shall be in writing or by telex, facsimile, or electronic mail confirmed promptly by the Borrower with a hard copy (other than with respect to notice sent by facsimile or electronic mail, to the extent there is a confirmation that the notice was received), specifying (i) the requested Conversion or continuation date (which shall be a Business Day), (ii) the amount and Type of the Loan to be Converted or continued, (iii) whether a Conversion or continuation is requested and, if a Conversion, into what Type of Loan, and (iv) in the case of a Conversion to, or a continuation of, a Eurodollar Loan, the requested Interest Period.  Promptly after receipt of a Notice of Continuation or Conversion under this paragraph, the Administrative Agent shall provide each Lender with a copy thereof and, in the case of a Conversion to or a Continuation of a Eurodollar Loan, notify each Lender of the applicable interest rate under Section 2.8(b) .  The portion of Loans comprising part of the same Borrowing that are Converted to Loans of another Type shall constitute a new Borrowing.

 

(c)                                   Certain Limitations .  Notwithstanding anything in paragraphs (a) and (b) above:

 

(i)                                      at no time shall there be more than five Interest Periods applicable to outstanding Eurodollar Loans;

 

(ii)                                   the Borrower may not select Eurodollar Loans for any Borrowing at any time when a Default has occurred and is continuing;

 

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(iii)                                Reserved;

 

(iv)                               if the Administrative Agent is unable to determine the Eurodollar Rate for Eurodollar Loans comprising any requested Borrowing, the right of the Borrower to select Eurodollar Loans for such Borrowing or for any subsequent Borrowing shall be suspended until the Administrative Agent shall notify the Borrower and the Lenders that the circumstances causing such suspension no longer exist, and each Loan comprising such Borrowing shall be a Base Rate Loan;

 

(v)                                  if the Required Lenders shall, at least one Business Day before the date of any requested Borrowing, notify the Administrative Agent that the Eurodollar Rate for Eurodollar Loans comprising such Borrowing will not adequately reflect the cost to such Lenders of making or funding their respective Eurodollar Loans, as the case may be, for such Borrowing, the right of the Borrower to select Eurodollar Loans for such Borrowing or for any subsequent Borrowing shall be suspended until the Administrative Agent shall notify the Borrower and the Lenders that the circumstances causing such suspension no longer exist, and each Loan comprising such Borrowing shall be a Base Rate Loan; and

 

(vi)                               if the Borrower shall fail to select the duration or continuation of any Interest Period for any Eurodollar Loans in accordance with the provisions contained in the definition of Interest Period in Section 1.1 and paragraph (b) above, the Administrative Agent will forthwith so notify the Borrower and the Lenders and such Loans will be made available to the Borrower on the date of such Borrowing as Base Rate Loans or, if an existing Loan, Convert into Base Rate Loans.

 

(d)                                  Notices Irrevocable .  Each Notice of Borrowing and Notice of Continuation or Conversion delivered by the Borrower hereunder, including its deemed request for borrowing made under Section 2.3(c) , shall be irrevocable and binding on the Borrower.

 

(e)                                   Administrative Agent Reliance .  Unless the Administrative Agent shall have received notice from a Lender before the date of any Borrowing that such Lender will not make available to the Administrative Agent such Lender’s applicable Pro Rata Share of any Borrowing, the Administrative Agent may assume that such Lender has made its applicable Pro Rata Share of such Borrowing available to the Administrative Agent on the date of such Borrowing in accordance with Section 2.4(a) , and the Administrative Agent may, in reliance upon such assumption, make available to the Borrower on such date a corresponding amount.  If and to the extent that such Lender shall not have so made its applicable Pro Rata Share of such Borrowing available to the Administrative Agent, such Lender and the Borrower severally agree to immediately repay to the Administrative Agent on demand such corresponding amount, together with interest on such amount, for each day from the date such amount is made available to the Borrower until the date such amount is repaid to the Administrative Agent, at (i) in the case of the Borrower, the interest rate applicable on such day to Loans comprising such Borrowing and (ii) in the case of such Lender, the lesser of (A) the Federal Funds Rate for such day and (B) the Maximum Rate.  If such Lender shall repay to the Administrative Agent such corresponding amount and interest as provided above, such corresponding amount so repaid shall constitute such Lender’s Loan as part of such Borrowing for purposes of this Agreement even though not made on the same day as the other Loans comprising such Borrowing.

 

Section 2.5                                     Prepayments .

 

(a)                                  Right to Prepay; Ratable Prepayment .  The Borrower shall have no right to prepay any principal amount of any Loan except as provided in this Section 2.5 and all notices given pursuant to this

 

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Section 2.5 shall be irrevocable and binding upon the Borrower; provided that a notice of prepayment may state that such notice is conditioned upon the effectiveness of new credit facilities or other debt or equity financing, in which case such notice may be revoked by the Borrower if such condition is not satisfied.  Each payment of any Loan pursuant to this Section 2.5 shall be made in a manner such that all Loans comprising part of the same Borrowing are paid in whole or ratably in part other than Loans owing to a Defaulting Lender as provided in Section 2.16 .

 

(b)                                  Optional .  The Borrower may elect to prepay any of the Loans without penalty or premium except as set forth in Section 2.10 and after giving by 12:00 noon (Denver, Colorado time) (i) in the case of Eurodollar Loans, at least three Business Days’ or (ii) in case of Base Rate Loans, one Business Day’s prior written notice to the Administrative Agent stating the proposed date and aggregate principal amount of such prepayment.  If any such notice is given, the Borrower shall prepay Loans comprising part of the same Borrowing in whole or ratably in part in an aggregate principal amount equal to the amount specified in such notice, together with accrued interest to the date of such prepayment on the principal amount prepaid and amounts, if any, required to be paid pursuant to Section 2.10 as a result of such prepayment being made on such date; provided that (A) each optional prepayment of Eurodollar Loans shall be in a minimum amount not less than $1,000,000 and in multiple integrals of $500,000 in excess thereof and (B) each optional prepayment of Base Rate Loans shall be in a minimum amount not less than $500,000 and in multiple integrals of $100,000 in excess thereof.

 

(c)                                   Mandatory .

 

(i)                                      Borrowing Base Deficiency .

 

(A)                                Other than as provided in clause (B) or clause (C) below, if a Borrowing Base Deficiency exists, the Borrower shall, after receipt of written notice from the Administrative Agent regarding such deficiency, (x) provide written notice to the Administrative Agent within ten days of the date such deficiency notice is received by the Borrower from the Administrative Agent, identifying which of the following actions the Borrower shall take (and in the case of option (iv), below, identifying the allocation between options (i), (ii) and (iii)), and (y) proceed to take such actions (and the failure of the Borrower to provide such notice or take such actions within the time periods specified to remedy such Borrowing Base Deficiency shall constitute an Event of Default):

 

(i.)                                   prepay Loans or, if the Loans have been repaid in full, make deposits into the Cash Collateral Account to provide cash collateral for the Letter of Credit Exposure, such that the Borrowing Base Deficiency is cured within 30 days after the date such deficiency notice is received by the Borrower from the Administrative Agent;

 

(ii.)                                pledge as Collateral for the Obligations additional Oil and Gas Properties acceptable to the Administrative Agent and each of the Lenders such that the Borrowing Base Deficiency is cured within 30 days after the date such deficiency notice is received by the Borrower from the Administrative Agent;

 

(iii.)                             repay the Loans and make deposits into the Cash Collateral Account to provide cash collateral for the Letters of Credit, each in three monthly installments equal to one-third of such Borrowing Base Deficiency with the first such installment due 30 days after the date such deficiency notice is received by the Borrower from the Administrative

 

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Agent and each following installment due 30 days after the preceding installment; or

 

(iv.)                            combine the options provided in clause (i), clause (ii) or clause (iii) above, to make such prepayment or deposit and deliver such additional Collateral within the time required under clause (i), clause (ii) or clause (iii) above.

 

(B)                                If, during the existence of a Borrowing Base Deficiency, any Loan Party (or the Administrative Agent as loss payee or assignee) receives Extraordinary Receipts, whether as one payment or a series of payments, then the Borrower shall, within three Business Days after receipt of such proceeds, prepay the Borrowings and provide cash collateral for the Letter of Credit Exposure, in an aggregate amount equal to the lesser of (i) such Borrowing Base Deficiency and (ii) 100% of such proceeds.

 

(C)                                Upon each reduction of the Borrowing Base, if any, resulting from a Borrowing Base redetermination made under Section 5.12 or a Borrowing Base reduction made under Section 2.2(e) , if a Borrowing Base Deficiency exists, then the Borrower shall immediately prepay the Loans or, if the Loans have been repaid in full, make deposits into the Cash Collateral Account to provide cash collateral for the Letter of Credit Exposure, in an amount equal to (i) such portion of the Borrowing Base Deficiency resulting from such reduction plus (ii) if a Borrowing Base Deficiency exists prior to such reduction, then an amount equal to the lesser of (x) the Net Cash Proceeds of the transaction that triggered such Borrowing Base reduction and (y) such portion of the Borrowing Base Deficiency in existence immediately prior to such reduction.

 

(ii)                                   If, during the occurrence of a Borrowing Base Deficiency, (A) any Equity Interests are issued by Borrower or any Subsidiary (other than the issuance of Equity Interests in any Subsidiary to any Loan Party), (B) any Person shall make any cash contribution to the capital of any Loan Party (other than contributions by any Loan Party to the capital of any Subsidiary), or (C) any Asset Sale or Recovery Event occurs then the Borrower shall, within three Business Days after receipt of such proceeds, prepay the Borrowings and provide cash collateral for the Letter of Credit Exposure, in an aggregate amount equal to the lesser of (i) such Borrowing Base Deficiency and (ii) 100% of the Net Cash Proceeds received from such event.

 

(iii)                                If, during the occurrence of a Default or Event of Default, (A) any Equity Interests are issued by Borrower or any Subsidiary (other than the issuance of Equity Interests in any Subsidiary to any Loan Party), (B) any Debt (excluding any Debt permitted pursuant to Section 6.1 ) is incurred by Borrower or any Subsidiary, (C) any Person shall make any cash contribution to the capital of any Loan Party (other than contributions by any Loan Party to the capital of any Subsidiary), or (D) any Asset Sale or Recovery Event occurs, then the Borrower shall, within three Business Days after receipt of such proceeds, prepay the Borrowings and provide cash collateral for the Letter of Credit Exposure, in an aggregate amount equal to 100% of the Net Cash Proceeds received from such event.

 

(iv)                               Each prepayment pursuant to this Section 2.5(c)  shall be accompanied by accrued interest on the amount prepaid to the date of such prepayment and amounts, if any, required to be paid pursuant to Section 2.10 (other than prepayments made to a Defaulting Lender) as a result of such prepayment being made on such date.  Each prepayment under this Section 2.5(c)  shall be applied to the Loans as determined by the Administrative Agent and agreed to by the Lenders in their sole discretion.  The failure of the Borrower to provide a notice of its election within the

 

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required 10 days as required in clause (i)(A) above shall be deemed to be an election by the Borrower to take the actions provided in clause (i)(A)(i) above.

 

(d)                                  Reduction of Commitments .  On the date of each reduction of the aggregate Commitments pursuant to Section 2.1(c) , the Borrower agrees to make a prepayment in respect of the outstanding amount of the Loans to the extent, if any, that the aggregate unpaid principal amount of all Loans plus the Letter of Credit Exposure exceeds the lesser of (A) the aggregate Commitments, as so reduced and (B) the Borrowing Base.  Each prepayment pursuant to this Section 2.5(d)  shall be accompanied by accrued interest on the amount prepaid to the date of such prepayment and amounts, if any, required to be paid pursuant to Section 2.10 as a result of such prepayment being made on such date.  Each prepayment under this Section 2.5(d)  shall be applied to the Loans as determined by the Administrative Agent and agreed to by the Lenders in their sole discretion.

 

(e)                                   Interest; Costs .  Each prepayment pursuant to this Section 2.5 shall be accompanied by accrued interest on the amount prepaid to the date of such prepayment and amounts, if any, required to be paid pursuant to Section 2.10 as a result of such prepayment being made on such date.

 

Section 2.6                                     Repayment .  The Borrower shall pay to the Administrative Agent for the ratable benefit of each Lender the aggregate outstanding principal amount of the Loans on the Maturity Date.

 

Section 2.7                                     Fees .

 

(a)                                  Commitment Fees .  Subject to Section 2.16, the Borrower agrees to pay to the Administrative Agent for the account of each Lender a commitment fee equal to the Commitment Fee Rate on the average daily Unused Commitment Amount for such period.  Such Commitment Fee is due quarterly in arrears on March 31, June 30, September 30, and December 31 of each year and on the Maturity Date.

 

(b)                                  Fees for Letters of Credit .  The Borrower agrees to pay the following:

 

(i)                                      Subject to Section 2.16 , to the Administrative Agent for the pro rata benefit of the Lenders a per annum letter of credit fee for each Letter of Credit issued hereunder, for the period such Letter of Credit is to be outstanding, in an amount equal to the greater of (A) the Applicable Margin for Eurodollar Loans per annum on the face amount of such Letter of Credit, and (B) $500 per Letter of Credit.  Such fee shall be due and payable quarterly in arrears on March 31, June 30, September 30, and December 31 of each year, and on the Maturity Date. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, (1) while any Event of Default under Section 7.1(a)  or Section 7.1(g)  exists, or (2) at the Request of the Majority Lenders, while any Event of Default (including any Event of Default under Section 7.1(a)  or Section 7.1(g) ), all Letter of Credit fees shall accrue at the Default Rate.

 

(ii)                                   If there are two or more Lenders, to the Issuing Lender, a fronting fee for each Letter of Credit equal to the greater of (A) 0.125% per annum on the face amount of such Letter of Credit and (B) $500.  Such fee shall be due and payable quarterly in arrears on March 31, June 30, September 30, and December 31 of each year, and on the Maturity Date.

 

(iii)                                To the Issuing Lender such other usual and customary fees associated with any transfers, amendments, drawings, negotiations or reissuances of any Letters of Credit.  Such fees shall be due and payable as requested by the Issuing Lender in accordance with the Issuing Lender’s then current fee policy.

 

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The Borrower shall have no right to any refund of letter of credit fees previously paid by the Borrower, including any refund claimed because any Letter of Credit is canceled prior to its expiration date.

 

(c)                                   Administrative Agent Fee .  The Borrower agrees to pay the fees to the Administrative Agent as set forth in the Fee Letter.

 

Section 2.8                                     Interest .

 

(a)                                  Base Rate Loans .  Each Base Rate Loan shall bear interest at the Adjusted Base Rate in effect from time to time plus the Applicable Margin for Base Rate Loans for such period.  The Borrower shall pay to Administrative Agent for the ratable account of each Lender all accrued but unpaid interest on such Lender’s Base Rate Loans on each March 31, June 30, September 30, and December 31 commencing on September 30, 2014, and on the Maturity Date.

 

(b)                                  Eurodollar Loans .  Each Eurodollar Loan shall bear interest during its Interest Period equal to at all times the Eurodollar Rate for such Interest Period plus the Applicable Margin for Eurodollar Loans for such period.  The Borrower shall pay to the Administrative Agent for the ratable account of each Lender all accrued but unpaid interest on each of such Lender’s Eurodollar Loans on the last day of the Interest Period therefor (provided that for Eurodollar Loans with Interest Periods of six months or more, accrued but unpaid interest shall also be due on the day three months from the first day of such Interest Period), on the date any Eurodollar Loan is repaid, and on the Maturity Date.

 

(c)                                   Default Rate .  Notwithstanding the foregoing, upon (i) the occurrence and during the continuance of any Event of Default pursuant to Section 7.1(a)  or Section 7.1(g) , or (ii) at the request of the Majority Lenders upon the occurrence and during the continuance of any Event of Default (including any Event of Default pursuant to Section 7.1(a)  or Section 7.1(g) ), all amounts shall bear interest, after as well as before judgment, at the Default Rate.  Interest accrued pursuant to this Section 2.8(c)  and all interest accrued but unpaid on or after the Maturity Date shall be due and payable on demand.

 

Section 2.9                                     Illegality .  If any Lender shall notify the Borrower that it has determined that any Change in Law has made it unlawful, or that any central bank or other Governmental Authority asserts that it is unlawful, for such Lender or its applicable Lending Office to perform its obligations under this Agreement to make, maintain, or fund any Eurodollar Loans of such Lender then outstanding hereunder, (a) the Borrower shall, no later than 12:00 noon (Denver, Colorado time) (i) if not prohibited by law, on the last day of the Interest Period for each outstanding Eurodollar Loan or (ii) if required by such notice, on the second Business Day following its receipt of such notice, prepay all of the Eurodollar Loans of such Lender then outstanding, together with accrued interest on the principal amount prepaid to the date of such prepayment and amounts, if any, required to be paid pursuant to Section 2.10 as a result of such prepayment being made on such date, (b) such Lender shall simultaneously make a Base Rate Loan to the Borrower on such date in an amount equal to the aggregate principal amount of the Eurodollar Loans prepaid to such Lender, and (c) the right of the Borrower to select Eurodollar Loans from such Lender for any subsequent Borrowing shall be suspended until such Lender shall notify the Borrower that the circumstances causing such suspension no longer exist.  Each Lender agrees to use commercially reasonable efforts (consistent with its internal policies and legal and regulatory restrictions) to designate a different Lending Office if the making of such designation would avoid the effect of this paragraph and would not, in the reasonable judgment of such Lender, be otherwise disadvantageous to such Lender.

 

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Section 2.10                              Breakage Costs .  Upon demand of any Lender (with a copy to the Administrative Agent) from time to time, the Borrower shall promptly compensate such Lender for and hold such Lender harmless from any loss, cost or expense incurred by it as a result of:

 

(a)                                  any continuation, conversion, payment or prepayment (including any deemed payment or repayment and any reallocated repayment to Non-Defaulting Lenders provided for in Section 2.12(a) , Section 2.14(b) , or Section 2.16 ) of any Eurodollar Loan on a day other than the last day of the Interest Period for such Loan (whether voluntary, mandatory, automatic, by reason of acceleration, or otherwise);

 

(b)                                  any failure by the Borrower (for a reason other than the failure of such Lender to make a Loan) to prepay, borrow, continue or Convert any Eurodollar Loan on the date or in the amount notified by the Borrower; or

 

(c)                                   any assignment of an Eurodollar Loan on a day other than the last day of the Interest Period therefor as a result of a request by the Borrower pursuant to Section 2.14 ;

 

including any foreign exchange losses and any loss or expense arising from the liquidation or reemployment of funds obtained by it to maintain such Loan, from fees payable to terminate the deposits from which such funds were obtained or from the performance of any foreign exchange contract.  The Borrower shall also pay any customary administrative fees charged by such Lender in connection with the foregoing.  For purposes of calculating amounts payable by the Borrower to the Lenders under this Section 2.10 , the requesting Lender shall be deemed to have funded the Eurodollar Loans made by it at the Eurodollar Base Rate used in determining the Eurodollar Rate for such Loan by a matching deposit or other borrowing in the offshore interbank market for Dollars for a comparable amount and for a comparable period, whether or not such Eurodollar Loan was in fact so funded.

 

Section 2.11                              Increased Costs .

 

(a)                                  Eurodollar Loans .  If any Change in Law shall:

 

(i)                                      impose, modify or deem applicable any reserve, special deposit, compulsory loan, insurance charge or similar requirement against assets of, deposits with or for the account of, or credit extended or participated in by, any Lender (except any reserve requirement reflected in the Eurodollar Rate Reserve Percentage) or the Issuing Lender;

 

(ii)                                   subject any Recipient to any Taxes (other than (A) Indemnified Taxes, (B) Taxes described in clauses (b) through (d) of the definition of Excluded Taxes and (C) Connection Income Taxes) on its loans, loan principal, letters of credit, commitments, or other obligations, or its deposits, reserves, other liabilities or capital attributable thereto; or

 

(iii)                                impose on any Lender or the Issuing Lender or the London interbank market any other condition, cost or expense (other than Taxes) affecting this Agreement or Loans made by such Lender or any Letter of Credit or participation therein;

 

and the result of any of the foregoing shall be to increase the cost to such Lender or such other Recipient of making, converting to, continuing or maintaining any Loan or of maintaining its obligation to make any such Loan, or to increase the cost to such Lender, Issuing Lender or such other Recipient of participating in, issuing or maintaining any Letter of Credit (or of maintaining its obligation to participate in or to issue any Letter of Credit), or to reduce the amount of any sum received or receivable by such Lender, Issuing Lender or other Recipient hereunder (whether of principal, interest or any other amount) then, upon request of such Lender, the Issuing Lender or other Recipient, the Borrower will pay to such

 

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Lender, Issuing Lender or other Recipient, as the case may be, such additional amount or amounts as will compensate such Lender, Issuing Lender or other Recipient, as the case may be, for such additional costs incurred or reduction suffered; provided that the Borrower shall not be liable for such compensation if the relevant Change in Law occurs on a date prior to the date such Lender or Issuing Lender becomes party hereto.

 

(b)                                  Capital Requirements .  If any Lender or the Issuing Lender determines that any Change in Law affecting such Lender or the Issuing Lender or any Lending Office of such Lender or such Lender’s or the Issuing Lender’s holding company, if any, regarding capital or liquidity requirements, has or would have the effect of reducing the rate of return on such Lender’s or the Issuing Lender’s capital or on the capital of such Lender’s or the Issuing Lender’s holding company, if any, as a consequence of this Agreement, the Commitments of such Lender or the Loans made by, or participations in Letters of Credit held by, such Lender, or the Letters of Credit issued by the Issuing Lender, to a level below that which such Lender or the Issuing Lender or such Lender’s or the Issuing Lender’s holding company could have achieved but for such Change in Law (taking into consideration such Lender’s or the Issuing Lender’s policies and the policies of such Lender’s or the Issuing Lender’s holding company with respect to capital adequacy), then from time to time the Borrower will pay to such Lender or the Issuing Lender, as the case may be, such additional amount or amounts as will compensate such Lender or the Issuing Lender or such Lender’s or the Issuing Lender’s holding company for any such reduction suffered.

 

(c)                                   Certificates for Reimbursement .  A certificate of a Lender or the Issuing Lender setting forth the amount or amounts necessary to compensate such Lender or the Issuing Lender or its holding company, as the case may be, as specified in paragraph (a) or (b) of this Section and delivered to the Borrower, shall be conclusive absent manifest error.  The Borrower shall pay such Lender or the Issuing Lender, as the case may be, the amount shown as due on any such certificate within 10 days after receipt thereof.

 

(d)                                  Delay in Requests .  Failure or delay on the part of any Lender or the Issuing Lender to demand compensation pursuant to this Section shall not constitute a waiver of such Lender’s or the Issuing Lender’s right to demand such compensation; provided that the Borrower shall not be required to compensate a Lender or the Issuing Lender pursuant to this Section for any increased costs incurred or reductions suffered more than nine months prior to the date that such Lender or the Issuing Lender, as the case may be, notifies the Borrower and the Administrative Agent of the Change in Law giving rise to such increased costs or reductions, and of such Lender’s or the Issuing Lender’s intention to claim compensation therefor (except that, if the Change in Law giving rise to such increased costs or reductions is retroactive, then the nine-month period referred to above shall be extended to include the period of retroactive effect thereof).

 

Section 2.12                              Payments and Computations .

 

(a)                                  Payments .  All payments of principal, interest, and other amounts to be made by the Borrower under this Agreement and other Loan Documents shall be made to the Administrative Agent in Dollars and in immediately available funds, without setoff, deduction, or counterclaim.

 

(b)                                  Payment Procedures . The Borrower shall make each payment under this Agreement and under the Notes not later than 12:00 noon (Denver, Colorado time) on the day when due in Dollars to the Administrative Agent at the location referred to in the Notes (or such other location as the Administrative Agent shall designate in writing to the Borrower) in same day funds.  The Administrative Agent will promptly thereafter, and in any event prior to the close of business on the day any timely payment is made, cause to be distributed like funds relating to the payment of principal, interest or fees ratably (other than amounts payable solely to the Administrative Agent or a specific Lender pursuant to Sections 2.9 ,

 

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2.10, 2.11, 2.13, 2.14 , and 9.2 and such other provisions herein which expressly provide for payments to a specific Lender, but after taking into account payments effected pursuant to Section 9.1 ) in accordance with each Lender’s applicable Pro Rata Share to the Lenders for the account of their respective applicable Lending Offices, and like funds relating to the payment of any other amount payable to any Lender to such Lender for the account of its applicable Lending Office, in each case to be applied in accordance with the terms of this Agreement.  Upon receipt of other amounts due solely to the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Lender or a specific Lender, the Administrative Agent shall distribute such amounts to the appropriate party to be applied in accordance with the terms of this Agreement.

 

(c)                                   Non-Business Day Payments .  Whenever any payment shall be stated to be due on a day other than a Business Day, such payment shall be made on the next succeeding Business Day, and such extension of time shall in such case be included in the computation of payment of interest or fees, as the case may be; provided that if such extension would cause payment of interest on or principal of Eurodollar Loans to be made in the next following calendar month, such payment shall be made on the next preceding Business Day.

 

(d)                                  Computations .  All computations of interest for Base Rate Loans shall be made by the Administrative Agent on the basis of a year of 365/366 days and all computations of all other interest and fees shall be made by the Administrative Agent on the basis of a year of 360 days, in each case for the actual number of days (including the first day, but excluding the last day) occurring in the period for which such interest or fees are payable.  Each determination by the Administrative Agent of an amount of interest or fees shall be conclusive and binding for all purposes, absent manifest error.

 

(e)                                   Sharing of Payments, Etc .  If any Lender shall, by exercising any right of setoff or counterclaim or otherwise, obtain payment in respect of any principal of or interest on any of its Loans or other obligations hereunder resulting in such Lender receiving payment of a proportion of the aggregate amount of its Loans and accrued interest thereon or other such obligations greater than its Pro Rata Share thereof as provided herein, then the Lender receiving such greater proportion shall (a) notify the Administrative Agent of such fact, and (b) purchase (for cash at face value) participations in the Loans and such other obligations of the other Lenders, or make such other adjustments as shall be equitable, so that the benefit of all such payments shall be shared by the Lenders ratably in accordance with the aggregate amount of principal of and accrued interest on their respective Loans and other amounts owing them; provided that:

 

(i)                                      if any such participations are purchased and all or any portion of the payment giving rise thereto is recovered, such participations shall be rescinded and the purchase price restored to the extent of such recovery, without interest; and

 

(ii)                                   the provisions of this paragraph shall not be construed to apply to (x) any payment made by the Borrower pursuant to and in accordance with the express terms of this Agreement (including the application of funds arising from the existence of a Defaulting Lender), or (y) any payment obtained by a Lender as consideration for the assignment of or sale of a participation in any of its Loans or participations in Letter of Credit Exposure to any assignee or participant, other than to the Borrower or any Subsidiary or Affiliate thereof (as to which the provisions of this paragraph shall apply).

 

Each Loan Party consents to the foregoing and agrees, to the extent it may effectively do so under applicable law, that any Lender acquiring a participation pursuant to the foregoing arrangements may exercise against each Loan Party rights of setoff and counterclaim with respect to such participation as fully as if such Lender were a direct creditor of each Loan Party in the amount of such participation.

 

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(f)                                    Obligations of Lenders Several .  The obligations of the Lenders hereunder to make Loans, to fund participations in Letters of Credit and to make payments pursuant to Section 9.2(b)  are several and not joint.  The failure of any Lender to make any Loan, to fund any such participation or to make any payment under Section 9.2(b)  on any date required hereunder shall not relieve any other Lender of its corresponding obligation to do so on such date, and no Lender shall be responsible for the failure of any other Lender to so make its Loan, to purchase its participation or to make its payment under Section 9.2(b) .

 

Section 2.13                              Taxes .

 

(a)                                  Defined Terms .  For purposes of this Section 2.13 , the term “Lender” includes any the Issuing Lender and the term “applicable law” includes FATCA.

 

(b)                                  Payments Free of Taxes .  Any and all payments by or on account of any obligation of any Loan Party under any Loan Document shall be made without deduction or withholding for any Taxes, except as required by applicable law.  If any applicable law (as determined in the good faith discretion of an applicable Withholding Agent) requires the deduction or withholding of any Tax from any such payment by a Withholding Agent, then the applicable Withholding Agent shall be entitled to make such deduction or withholding and shall timely pay the full amount deducted or withheld to the relevant Governmental Authority in accordance with applicable law and, if such Tax is an Indemnified Tax, then the sum payable by the applicable Loan Party shall be increased as necessary so that after such deduction or withholding has been made (including such deductions and withholdings applicable to additional sums payable under this Section) the applicable Recipient receives an amount equal to the sum it would have received had no such deduction or withholding been made.

 

(c)                                   Payment of Other Taxes by the Borrower .  The Loan Parties shall timely pay to the relevant Governmental Authority in accordance with applicable law, or at the option of the Administrative Agent timely reimburse it for the payment of, any Other Taxes.

 

(d)                                  Indemnification by the Borrower .  The Loan Parties shall jointly and severally indemnify each Recipient, within 10 days after demand therefor, for the full amount of any Indemnified Taxes (including Indemnified Taxes imposed or asserted on or attributable to amounts payable under this Section) payable or paid by such Recipient or required to be withheld or deducted from a payment to such Recipient and any reasonable expenses arising therefrom or with respect thereto, whether or not such Indemnified Taxes were correctly or legally imposed or asserted by the relevant Governmental Authority; provided, however, that no Loan Party shall be required to indemnify a Recipient for Indemnified Taxes pursuant to this Section 2.13(d)  unless such Recipient notifies the Borrower of the indemnification claim for such Indemnified Taxes no later than 270 days after the earlier of (i) the date on which the relevant Governmental Authority makes written demand upon the Recipient for payment of such Indemnified Taxes, and (ii) the date on which such Recipient has made payment of such Indemnified Taxes. A certificate as to the amount of such payment or liability delivered to the Borrower by a Lender (with a copy to the Administrative Agent), or by the Administrative Agent on its own behalf or on behalf of a Lender, shall be conclusive absent manifest error.

 

(e)                                   Indemnification by the Lenders .  Each Lender shall severally indemnify the Administrative Agent, within 10 days after demand therefor, for (i) any Indemnified Taxes attributable to such Lender (but only to the extent that the any Loan Party has not already indemnified the Administrative Agent for such Indemnified Taxes and without limiting the obligation of the Loan Parties to do so), (ii) any Taxes attributable to such Lender’s failure to comply with the provisions of Section 9.7(d)  relating to the maintenance of a Participant Register and (iii) any Excluded Taxes attributable to such Lender, in each case, that are payable or paid by the Administrative Agent in connection with any

 

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Loan Document, and any reasonable expenses arising therefrom or with respect thereto, whether or not such Taxes were correctly or legally imposed or asserted by the relevant Governmental Authority.  A certificate as to the amount of such payment or liability delivered to any Lender by the Administrative Agent shall be conclusive absent manifest error.  Each Lender hereby authorizes the Administrative Agent to set off and apply any and all amounts at any time owing to such Lender under any Loan Document or otherwise payable by the Administrative Agent to the Lender from any other source against any amount due to the Administrative Agent under this paragraph (e).

 

(f)                                    Evidence of Payments .  As soon as practicable after any payment of Taxes by any Loan Party to a Governmental Authority pursuant to this Section 2.13 , such Loan Party shall deliver to the Administrative Agent the original or a certified copy of a receipt issued by such Governmental Authority evidencing such payment, a copy of the return reporting such payment or other evidence of such payment reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent.

 

(g)                                   Status of Lenders .

 

(i)                                      Any Lender that is entitled to an exemption from or reduction of withholding Tax with respect to payments made under any Loan Document shall deliver to the Borrower and the Administrative Agent, at the time or times reasonably requested by the Borrower or the Administrative Agent, such properly completed and executed documentation reasonably requested by the Borrower or the Administrative Agent as will permit such payments to be made without withholding or at a reduced rate of withholding.  In addition, any Lender, if reasonably requested by the Borrower or the Administrative Agent, shall deliver such other documentation prescribed by applicable law or reasonably requested by the Borrower or the Administrative Agent as will enable the Borrower or the Administrative Agent to determine whether or not such Lender is subject to backup withholding or information reporting requirements.  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the preceding two sentences, the completion, execution and submission of such documentation (other than such documentation set forth in Section 2.13(g)(ii)(A) , (ii)(B)  and (ii)(D)  below) shall not be required if in the Lender’s reasonable judgment such completion, execution or submission would subject such Lender to any material unreimbursed cost or expense or would materially prejudice the legal or commercial position of such Lender.

 

(ii)                                   Without limiting the generality of the foregoing,

 

(A)                                any Lender that is a U.S. Person shall deliver to the Borrower and the Administrative Agent on or prior to the date on which such Lender becomes a Lender under this Agreement (and from time to time thereafter upon the reasonable request of the Borrower or the Administrative Agent), executed originals of IRS Form W-9 certifying that such Lender is exempt from U.S. federal backup withholding tax;

 

(B)                                any Foreign Lender shall, to the extent it is legally entitled to do so, deliver to the Borrower and the Administrative Agent (in such number of copies as shall be requested by the recipient) on or prior to the date on which such Foreign Lender becomes a Lender under this Agreement (and from time to time thereafter upon the reasonable request of the Borrower or the Administrative Agent), whichever of the following is applicable:

 

(i.)                                   in the case of a Foreign Lender claiming the benefits of an income tax treaty to which the United States is a party (x) with respect to payments of interest under any Loan Document, executed originals of

 

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IRS Form W-8BEN or IRS Form W-8BEN-E (as applicable) establishing an exemption from, or reduction of, U.S. federal withholding Tax pursuant to the “interest” article of such tax treaty and (y) with respect to any other applicable payments under any Loan Document, IRS Form W-8BEN or IRS Form W-8BEN-E (as applicable) establishing an exemption from, or reduction of, U.S. federal withholding Tax pursuant to the “business profits” or “other income” article of such tax treaty;

 

(ii.)                                executed originals of IRS Form W-8ECI;

 

(iii.)                             in the case of a Foreign Lender claiming the benefits of the exemption for portfolio interest under Section 881(c) of the Code, (x) a certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit J-1 to the effect that such Foreign Lender is not a “bank” within the meaning of Section 881(c)(3)(A) of the Code, a “10 percent shareholder” of the Borrower within the meaning of Section 881(c)(3)(B) of the Code, or a “controlled foreign corporation” described in Section 881(c)(3)(C) of the Code (a “ U.S. Tax Compliance Certificate ”) and (y) executed originals of IRS Form W-8BEN or IRS Form W-8BEN-E (as applicable); or

 

(iv.)                            to the extent a Foreign Lender is not the beneficial owner, executed originals of IRS Form W-8IMY, accompanied by IRS Form W-8ECI, IRS Form W-8BEN or IRS Form W-8BEN-E (as applicable), a U.S. Tax Compliance Certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit J-2 or Exhibit J-3, IRS Form W-9, and/or other certification documents from each beneficial owner, as applicable; provided that if the Foreign Lender is a partnership and one or more direct or indirect partners of such Foreign Lender are claiming the portfolio interest exemption, such Foreign Lender may provide a U.S. Tax Compliance Certificate substantially in the form of Exhibit J-4 on behalf of each such direct and indirect partner;

 

(C)                                any Foreign Lender shall, to the extent it is legally entitled to do so, deliver to the Borrower and the Administrative Agent (in such number of copies as shall be requested by the recipient) on or prior to the date on which such Foreign Lender becomes a Lender under this Agreement (and from time to time thereafter upon the reasonable request of the Borrower or the Administrative Agent), executed originals of any other form prescribed by applicable law as a basis for claiming exemption from or a reduction in U.S. federal withholding Tax, duly completed, together with such supplementary documentation as may be prescribed by applicable law to permit the Borrower or the Administrative Agent to determine the withholding or deduction required to be made; and

 

(D)                                if a payment made to a Recipient under any Loan Document would be subject to U.S. federal withholding Tax imposed by FATCA if such Recipient were to fail to comply with the applicable reporting requirements of FATCA (including those contained in Section 1471(b) or 1472(b) of the Code, as applicable), such Recipient shall deliver to the Borrower and the Administrative Agent at the time or times prescribed by law and at such time or times reasonably requested by the Borrower or the Administrative Agent such documentation prescribed by applicable law (including as prescribed by Section 1471(b)(3)(C)(i) of the Code) and such additional documentation reasonably

 

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requested by the Borrower or the Administrative Agent as may be necessary for the Borrower and the Administrative Agent to comply with their obligations under FATCA and to determine that such Recipient has complied with such Recipient’s obligations under FATCA or to determine the amount to deduct and withhold from such payment.  Solely for purposes of this clause (D), “FATCA” shall include any amendments made to FATCA after the date of this Agreement.

 

Each Lender agrees that if any form or certification it previously delivered expires or becomes obsolete or inaccurate in any respect, it shall update such form or certification or promptly notify the Borrower and the Administrative Agent in writing of its legal inability to do so.

 

(h)                                  Treatment of Certain Refunds .  If any party determines, in its sole discretion exercised in good faith, that it has received a refund of any Taxes as to which it has been indemnified pursuant to this Section 2.13 (including by the payment of additional amounts pursuant to this Section 2.13 ), it shall pay to the indemnifying party an amount equal to such refund (but only to the extent of indemnity payments made under this Section with respect to the Taxes giving rise to such refund), net of all out-of-pocket expenses (including Taxes) of such indemnified party and without interest (other than any interest paid by the relevant Governmental Authority with respect to such refund).  Such indemnifying party, upon the request of such indemnified party, shall repay to such indemnified party the amount paid over pursuant to this paragraph (h) (plus any penalties, interest or other charges imposed by the relevant Governmental Authority) in the event that such indemnified party is required to repay such refund to such Governmental Authority.  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this paragraph (h), in no event will the indemnified party be required to pay any amount to an indemnifying party pursuant to this paragraph (h) the payment of which would place the indemnified party in a less favorable net after-Tax position than the indemnified party would have been in if the Tax subject to indemnification and giving rise to such refund had not been deducted, withheld or otherwise imposed and the indemnification payments or additional amounts with respect to such Tax had never been paid.  This paragraph shall not be construed to require any indemnified party to make available its Tax returns (or any other information relating to its Taxes that it deems confidential) to the indemnifying party or any other Person.

 

(i)                                      Administrative Agent Documentation .  On or before the date that the Administrative Agent (or any successor or replacement Administrative Agent) becomes the Administrative Agent hereunder, it shall deliver to the Borrower two duly executed originals of either (i) IRS Form W-9, or (ii) if the Administrative Agent is not a U.S. person, (A) an IRS Form W-8ECI with respect to amounts it receives on its own account, (B) an Internal Revenue Service Form W-8IMY, as revised April 2014 certifying that the payments it receives for the account of others are not effectively connected with the conduct of a trade or business in the United States, or (C) such other forms or documentation as will establish that it is exempt from U.S. withholding Taxes, including Taxes imposed by FATCA.

 

(j)                                     Survival .  Each party’s obligations under this Section 2.13 shall survive the resignation or replacement of the Administrative Agent or any assignment of rights by, or the replacement of, a Lender, the termination of the Commitments and the repayment, satisfaction or discharge of all obligations under any Loan Document.

 

Section 2.14                              Mitigation Obligations; Replacement of Lenders .

 

(a)                                  Designation of a Different Lending Office .  If any Lender requests compensation under Section 2.11 , or requires the Borrower to pay any Indemnified Taxes or additional amounts to any Lender or any Governmental Authority for the account of any Lender pursuant to Section  2.13 , then such Lender shall (at the request of the Borrower) use reasonable efforts to designate a different lending office for

 

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funding or booking its Loans hereunder or to assign its rights and obligations hereunder to another of its offices, branches or affiliates, if, in the judgment of such Lender, such designation or assignment (i) would eliminate or reduce amounts payable pursuant to Section 2.11 or  2.13 , as the case may be, in the future, and (ii) would not subject such Lender to any unreimbursed cost or expense and would not otherwise be disadvantageous to such Lender.  The Borrower hereby agrees to pay all reasonable costs and expenses incurred by any Lender in connection with any such designation or assignment.

 

(b)                                  Replacement of Lenders .  If any Lender requests compensation under Section 2.11 , or if the Borrower is required to pay any Indemnified Taxes or additional amounts to any Lender or any Governmental Authority for the account of any Lender pursuant to Section 2.13 and, in each case, such Lender has declined or is unable to designate a different lending office in accordance with Section 2.14(a) , or if any Lender is a Defaulting Lender or a Non-Consenting Lender, then the Borrower may, at its sole expense and effort, upon notice to such Lender and the Administrative Agent, require such Lender to assign and delegate (and such Lender shall be obligated to assign and delegate), without recourse (in accordance with and subject to the restrictions contained in, and consents required by, Section 9.7 ), all of its interests, rights (other than its existing rights to payments pursuant to Section 2.11 or Section  2.13 ) and obligations under this Agreement and the related Loan Documents to an Eligible Assignee that shall assume such obligations (which assignee may be another Lender, if a Lender accepts such assignment); provided that:

 

(i)                                      the Borrower shall have paid to the Administrative Agent the assignment fee (if any) specified in Section 9.7 ;

 

(ii)                                   such Lender shall have received payment of an amount equal to the outstanding principal of its Loans and participations in Letter of Credit Exposure, accrued interest thereon, accrued fees and all other amounts payable to it hereunder and under the other Loan Documents (including any amounts under Section 2.10 ) from the assignee (to the extent of such outstanding principal and accrued interest and fees) or the Borrower (in the case of all other amounts);

 

(iii)                                in the case of any such assignment resulting from a claim for compensation under Section 2.11 or payments required to be made pursuant to Section 2.13 , such assignment will result in a reduction in such compensation or payments thereafter;

 

(iv)                               such assignment does not conflict with applicable Legal Requirements; and

 

(v)                                  in the case of any assignment resulting from a Lender becoming a Non-Consenting Lender, the applicable assignee shall have consented to the applicable amendment, waiver or consent.

 

A Lender shall not be required to make any such assignment or delegation if, prior thereto, as a result of a waiver by such Lender or otherwise, the circumstances entitling the Borrower to require such assignment and delegation cease to apply. Solely for purposes of effecting any assignment involving a Defaulting Lender under this Section 2.14 and to the extent permitted under applicable Legal Requirements, each Lender hereby designates and appoints the Administrative Agent as true and lawful agent and attorney-in-fact, with full power and authority, for and on behalf of and in the name of such Lender to execute, acknowledge and deliver the Assignment and Assumption required hereunder if such Lender is a Defaulting Lender and such Lender shall be bound thereby as fully and effectively as if such Lender had personally executed, acknowledged and delivered the same .

 

Section 2.15                              Cash Collateral .  At any time that there shall exist a Defaulting Lender, within two Business Days following the written request of the Administrative Agent or the Issuing Lender (with

 

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a copy to the Administrative Agent) the Borrower shall Cash Collateralize the Issuing Lender’s Fronting Exposure with respect to such Defaulting Lender (determined after giving effect to Section 2.16(a)(iv)  and any Cash Collateral provided by such Defaulting Lender) in an amount not less than the Minimum Collateral Amount.

 

(a)                                  Grant of Security Interest .  The Borrower, and to the extent provided by any Defaulting Lender, such Defaulting Lender, hereby grants to the Administrative Agent, for the benefit of the Issuing Lender, and agrees to maintain, a first priority security interest (subject to Permitted Liens arising by operation of law) in all such Cash Collateral as security for the Defaulting Lenders’ obligation to fund participations in respect of Letter of Credit Obligations, to be applied pursuant to clause (b) below.  If at any time the Administrative Agent determines that Cash Collateral is subject to any right or claim of any Person other than the Administrative Agent and the Issuing Lender as herein provided (other than Permitted Liens arising by operation of law), or that the total amount of such Cash Collateral is less than the Minimum Collateral Amount, the Borrower will, within two Business Days following the written request by the Administrative Agent, pay or provide to the Administrative Agent additional Cash Collateral in an amount sufficient to eliminate such deficiency (after giving effect to any Cash Collateral provided by the Defaulting Lender).

 

(b)                                  Application .  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, Cash Collateral provided under this Section 2.15 or Section 2.16 in respect of Letters of Credit shall be applied to the satisfaction of the Defaulting Lender’s obligation to fund participations in respect of Letter of Credit Obligations (including, as to Cash Collateral provided by a Defaulting Lender, any interest accrued on such obligation) for which the Cash Collateral was so provided, prior to any other application of such property as may otherwise be provided for herein.

 

(c)                                   Termination of Requirement .  Cash Collateral (or the appropriate portion thereof) provided to reduce the Issuing Lender’s Fronting Exposure shall no longer be required to be held as Cash Collateral pursuant to this Section 2.15 following (i) the elimination of the applicable Fronting Exposure (including by the termination of Defaulting Lender status of the applicable Lender), or (ii) the determination by the Administrative Agent and the Issuing Lender that there exists excess Cash Collateral (including following any subsequent reallocation among Non-Defaulting Lenders pursuant to Section 2.16(a)(iv) ); provided that, subject to Section 2.16 the Person providing Cash Collateral and the Issuing Lender may agree that Cash Collateral shall be held to support future anticipated Fronting Exposure or other obligations and provided further that to the extent that such Cash Collateral was provided by the Borrower, such Cash Collateral shall remain subject to the security interest granted pursuant to the Loan Documents to the extent such Loan Documents require such Cash Collateral to be subject to such security interest.

 

Section 2.16                              Defaulting Lenders .

 

(a)                                  Defaulting Lender Adjustments .  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, if any Lender becomes a Defaulting Lender, then, until such time as such Lender is no longer a Defaulting Lender, to the extent permitted by applicable law:

 

(i)                                      Waivers and Amendments .  Such Defaulting Lender’s right to approve or disapprove any amendment, waiver or consent with respect to this Agreement shall be restricted as set forth in the definition of Majority Lenders or Required Lenders, as applicable.

 

(ii)                                   Defaulting Lender Waterfall . Any payment of principal, interest, fees or other amounts received by the Administrative Agent for the account of such Defaulting Lender (whether voluntary or mandatory, at maturity, pursuant to Article 7 or otherwise) or received by

 

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the Administrative Agent from a Defaulting Lender pursuant to Section 7.4 shall be applied at such time or times as may be determined by the Administrative Agent as follows: first , to the payment of any amounts owing by such Defaulting Lender to the Administrative Agent hereunder; second , to the payment on a pro rata basis of any amounts owing by such Defaulting Lender to the Issuing Lender hereunder; third , to Cash Collateralize the Issuing Lender’s Fronting Exposure with respect to such Defaulting Lender in accordance with Section 2.15 ; fourth , as the Borrower may request (so long as no Default or Event of Default exists), to the funding of any Loan in respect of which such Defaulting Lender has failed to fund its portion thereof as required by this Agreement, as determined by the Administrative Agent; fifth , if so determined by the Administrative Agent and the Borrower, to be held in a deposit account and released pro rata in order to (x) satisfy such Defaulting Lender’s potential future funding obligations with respect to Loans under this Agreement and (y) Cash Collateralize the Issuing Lender’s future Fronting Exposure with respect to such Defaulting Lender with respect to future Letters of Credit issued under this Agreement, in accordance with Section 2.15 ; sixth , to the payment of any amounts owing to the Lenders, or the Issuing Lender as a result of any judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction obtained by any Lender, or the Issuing Lender against such Defaulting Lender as a result of such Defaulting Lender’s breach of its obligations under this Agreement; seventh , so long as no Default or Event of Default exists, to the payment of any amounts owing to the Borrower as a result of any judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction obtained by the Borrower against such Defaulting Lender as a result of such Defaulting Lender’s breach of its obligations under this Agreement; and eighth , to such Defaulting Lender or as otherwise directed by a court of competent jurisdiction; provided that if (x) such payment is a payment of the principal amount of any Loans or Letter of Credit Exposure in respect of which such Defaulting Lender has not fully funded its appropriate share, and (y) such Loans were made or the related Letters of Credit were issued at a time when the conditions set forth in Section 3.2 were satisfied or waived, such payment shall be applied solely to pay the Loans of, and Letter of Credit Exposure owed to, all Non-Defaulting Lenders on a pro rata basis prior to being applied to the payment of any Loans of, or Letter of Credit Exposure owed to, such Defaulting Lender until such time as all Loans and funded and unfunded participations in Letter of Credit Obligations are held by the Lenders pro rata in accordance with the Commitments without giving effect to Section 2.16(a)(iv) . Any payments, prepayments or other amounts paid or payable to a Defaulting Lender that are applied (or held) to pay amounts owed by a Defaulting Lender or to post Cash Collateral pursuant to this Section 2.16(a)(ii)  shall be deemed paid to and redirected by such Defaulting Lender, and each Lender irrevocably consents hereto.

 

(iii)                                Certain Fees .

 

(A)                                No Defaulting Lender shall be entitled to receive any Commitment Fee for any period during which that Lender is a Defaulting Lender (and the Borrower shall not be required to pay any such fee that otherwise would have been required to have been paid to that Defaulting Lender).

 

(B)                                Each Defaulting Lender shall be entitled to receive Letter of Credit Fees for any period during which that Lender is a Defaulting Lender only to the extent allocable to its Pro Rata Share of the stated amount of Letters of Credit for which it has provided Cash Collateral pursuant to Section 2.15 .

 

(C)                                With respect to any Letter of Credit Fee not required to be paid to any Defaulting Lender pursuant to clause (A) or (B) above, the Borrower shall (x) pay to each Non-Defaulting Lender that portion of any such fee otherwise payable to such Defaulting Lender with respect to such Defaulting Lender’s participation in Letter of Credit

 

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Obligations that has been reallocated to such Non-Defaulting Lender pursuant to clause (iv) below, (y) pay to the Issuing Lender the amount of any such fee otherwise payable to such Defaulting Lender to the extent allocable to the Issuing Lender’s Fronting Exposure to such Defaulting Lender, and (z) not be required to pay the remaining amount of any such fee.

 

(iv)                               Reallocation of Participations to Reduce Fronting Exposure .  All or any part of such Defaulting Lender’s participation in Letter of Credit Obligations shall be reallocated among the Non-Defaulting Lenders in accordance with their respective Pro Rata Shares (calculated without regard to such Defaulting Lender’s Commitment) but only to the extent that such reallocation does not cause the aggregate outstanding amount of all Loans of any Non-Defaulting Lender plus the Letter of Credit Exposure of such Non-Defaulting Lender to exceed such Non-Defaulting Lender’s Commitment.  No reallocation hereunder shall constitute a waiver or release of any claim of any party hereunder against a Defaulting Lender arising from that Lender having become a Defaulting Lender, including any claim of a Non-Defaulting Lender as a result of such Non-Defaulting Lender’s increased exposure following such reallocation.

 

(b)                                  Defaulting Lender Cure .  If the Borrower, the Administrative Agent and the Issuing Lender agree in writing that a Lender is no longer a Defaulting Lender, the Administrative Agent will so notify the parties hereto, whereupon as of the effective date specified in such notice and subject to any conditions set forth therein (which may include arrangements with respect to any Cash Collateral), that Lender will, to the extent applicable, purchase at par that portion of outstanding Loans of the other Lenders or take such other actions as the Administrative Agent may determine to be necessary to cause the Loans and funded and unfunded participations in Letters of Credit to be held pro rata by the Lenders in accordance with the Commitments (without giving effect to Section 2.16(a)(iv) , whereupon such Lender will cease to be a Defaulting Lender; provided that no adjustments will be made retroactively with respect to fees accrued or payments made by or on behalf of the Borrower while that Lender was a Defaulting Lender; and provided , further , that except to the extent otherwise expressly agreed by the affected parties, no change hereunder from Defaulting Lender to Lender will constitute a waiver or release of any claim of any party hereunder arising from that Lender’s having been a Defaulting Lender.

 

(c)                                   New Letters of Credit .  So long as any Lender is a Defaulting Lender, the Issuing Lender shall not be required to issue, extend, renew or increase any Letter of Credit unless it is satisfied that it will either have no Fronting Exposure after giving effect thereto or that the related Fronting Exposure will be covered by Cash Collateral provided pursuant to Section 2.15 or 2.16(a)(ii) , the reallocation described in Section 2.16(a)(iv) , or a combination of the foregoing.

 

ARTICLE 3
CONDITIONS OF LENDING

 

Section 3.1                                     Conditions Precedent to Initial Borrowing .  The obligations of each Lender to make the initial Loan and of the Issuing Lender to issue the initial Letters of Credit, shall be subject to the satisfaction or waiver in writing of the following conditions precedent:

 

(a)                                  Documentation .  The Administrative Agent shall have received the following, duly executed by all the parties thereto, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders:

 

(i)                                      this Agreement and all attached Exhibits and Schedules and the Notes, if requested by the applicable Lenders, payable to each applicable Lender or its registered assigns;

 

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(ii)                                   the Guaranty executed by all Subsidiaries of the Borrower existing on the Effective Date;

 

(iii)                                the Pledge and Security Agreement executed by each Loan Party, together with appropriate UCC-1 financing statements, if any, necessary or desirable for filing with the appropriate authorities and any other documents, agreements, or instruments necessary to create, perfect or maintain an Acceptable Security Interest in the Collateral described in the Pledge and Security Agreement, and together with any pledged stock or membership interest certificates and pledged notes or instruments, in each case with instruments of transfer in form and substance acceptable to the Administrative Agent and granting the Administrative Agent an Acceptable Security Interest in such Equity Interests, notes or instruments, as applicable;

 

(iv)                               the Mortgages encumbering not less than 80% (by value) of the Loan Parties’ Proven Reserves described in the initial Independent Reserve Report (but excluding any “buildings” or “structures” as described in Regulation H of the Federal Reserve Board that are not material to the operations of the Oil and Gas Properties comprising such Proven Reserves);

 

(v)                                  certificates of insurance naming the Administrative Agent as loss payee with respect to property insurance, or additional insured with respect to liability insurance, and covering the Borrower’s or its Subsidiaries Properties with such insurance carriers, for such amounts and covering such risks that are acceptable to the Administrative Agent;

 

(vi)                               a certificate from a Responsible Officer of the Borrower dated as of the Effective Date stating that as of such date (A) all representations and warranties of the Borrower set forth in this Agreement are true and correct in all material respects (except that such materiality qualifier shall not be applicable to any representations and warranties that already are qualified or modified by materiality in the text thereof) on such date, except that any representation and warranty which by its terms is made as of a specified date shall be required to be true and correct only as of such specified date, (B) no Default has occurred and is continuing; and (C) all conditions precedent set forth in this Section 3.1 have been met;

 

(vii)                            a certificate from a Responsible Officer of each Loan Party certifying such Person’s (A) officers’ incumbency, (B) authorizing resolutions, (C) organizational documents, (D) governmental approvals, if any, with respect to the Loan Documents to which such Person is a party, and (E) the Second Lien Loan Documents in effect as of the Effective Date;

 

(viii)                         certificates of good standing for each Loan Party in each state in which each such Person is organized or qualified to do business, which certificate shall be (A) dated a date not earlier than 30 days prior to Effective Date or (B) otherwise effective on the Effective Date;

 

(ix)                               a legal opinion of Vinson & Elkins L.L.P. as outside counsel to the Loan Parties, in form and substance reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent;

 

(x)                                  a legal opinion of Dill Dill Carr Stonbraker & Hutchings, P.C. as Colorado counsel to the Loan Parties, in form and substance reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent;

 

(xi)                               one or more initial Reserve Reports dated as of a date acceptable to the Administrative Agent, which report shall be acceptable to the Administrative Agent;

 

(xii)                            Reserved;

 

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(xiii)                         Account Control Agreements executed by the relevant Loan Party, the Administrative Agent and the depository bank, in form and substance acceptable to the Administrative Agent and creating an Acceptable Security Interest in each deposit account owned by the Loan Parties;

 

(xiv)                        the Intercreditor Agreement executed by the Second Lien Agent, the Administrative Agent and acknowledged by the Borrower; and

 

(xv)                           such other documents, governmental certificates, agreements, lien release, UCC-3 Financing Statements, and lien searches as the Administrative Agent or any Lender may reasonably request.

 

(b)                                  Consents; Authorization; Conflicts.   The Loan Parties shall have received any consents, licenses and approvals required in accordance with applicable law, or in accordance with any document, agreement, instrument or arrangement to which such Loan Party is a party, in connection with the execution, delivery, performance, validity and enforceability of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents.  In addition, the Loan Parties shall have all such material consents, licenses and approvals required in connection with the continued operation of the Loan Parties, and such approvals shall be in full force and effect, and all applicable waiting periods shall have expired without any action being taken or threatened by any competent authority which would restrain, prevent or otherwise impose adverse conditions on this Agreement and the actions contemplated hereby.

 

(c)                                   Representations and Warranties .  The representations and warranties contained in Article 4 and in each other Loan Document shall be true and correct in all material respects (except to the extent that such representation or warranty is qualified by materiality, in which case such representation or warranty shall be true and correct in all respects) on and as of the Effective Date before and after giving effect to the initial Borrowings or issuance (or deemed issuance) of Letters of Credit and to the application of the proceeds from such Borrowing, as though made on and as of such date except to the extent that any such representation or warranty expressly relates solely to an earlier date, in which case it shall have been true and correct in all material respects (except to the extent that such representation or warranty is qualified by materiality, in which case such representation or warranty shall be true and correct in all respects) as of such earlier date.

 

(d)                                  Fee Letter .  The Borrower shall have executed and delivered the Fee Letter.

 

(e)                                   Other Proceedings .  No action, suit, investigation or other proceeding (including without limitation, the enactment or promulgation of a statute or rule) by or before any arbitrator or any Governmental Authority shall be threatened or pending and no preliminary or permanent injunction or order by a state or federal court shall have been entered (i) in connection with this Agreement, any other credit agreement, or any transaction contemplated hereby or thereby or (ii) which in the reasonable judgment of the Administrative Agent could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change.

 

(f)                                    Other Reports .  The Administrative Agent shall have received, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to it, all environmental reports previously provided to the Borrower or any of the other Loan Parties or otherwise previously conducted on the Borrower’s or its Subsidiaries’ respective Oil and Gas Properties (including all available (i) Phase I Environmental Site Assessment Reports and (ii) Phase II Environmental Site Assessment Reports, if any), and such other reports, audits or certifications as it may reasonably request.

 

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(g)                                   Material Adverse Change .  Since June 30, 2014, there shall not have occurred any event, development or circumstance that has or could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change.

 

(h)                                  No Default .  No Default shall have occurred and be continuing.

 

(i)                                      Solvency .  The Administrative Agent shall have received a certificate in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent from a senior financial officer or such other officer acceptable to the Administrative Agent of each Loan Party certifying that, before and after giving effect to the initial Borrowings made hereunder on the Effective Date, each of the Borrower and each of its Subsidiaries is Solvent (assuming with respect to each Guarantor, that the fraudulent conveyance savings language contained in the Guaranty applicable to such Guarantor will be given full effect).

 

(j)                                     Delivery of Financial Statements .  The Administrative Agent shall have received true and correct copies of (i) satisfactory consolidated unaudited financial statements for the Borrower and its Subsidiaries for the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2014.

 

(k)                                  Delivery of Pro Forma Balance Sheet .  The Administrative Agent shall have received copies of satisfactory pro forma consolidated balance sheets for the Borrower and its Subsidiaries as of the Effective Date after giving effect to the initial Loans and the application of proceeds of the initial Loans.

 

(l)                                      Budget .  The Administrative Agent shall have received and be reasonably satisfied with (i) the budget of the Loan Parties for 2014 and 2015, and (ii) projections prepared by management of balance sheets, income statements and cash flow statements of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, for 2014 and 2015, on a quarterly basis.

 

(m)                              Title .  The Administrative Agent shall be satisfied in its sole discretion with the title to the Oil and Gas Properties included in the Borrowing Base and that such Oil and Gas Properties constitute at least 70% of the present value of the Proven Reserves of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries as determined by the Administrative Agent in its sole discretion.

 

(n)                                  Borrowing Base Certificate .  The Administrative Agent shall have received a completed Borrowing Base Certificate duly executed by a Responsible Officer of the Borrower, dated as of the Effective Date.

 

(o)                                  Notices of Borrowing .  To the extent that the Borrower will borrow on the Effective Date, the Administrative Agent shall have received Notices of Borrowing from the Borrower, with appropriate insertions and executed by a duly appointed Responsible Officer of the Borrower.

 

(p)                                  USA Patriot Act .  The Administrative Agent shall have received all documentation and other information that is required by regulatory authorities under applicable “know your customer” and anti-money-laundering rules and regulations, including, without limitation, the Patriot Act.

 

(q)                                  Capital Structure .  The capital and ownership structure and the equityholder arrangements of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries (and all agreements relating thereto) will be reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent.

 

(r)                                     Due Diligence .  The Administrative Agent shall have completed and be satisfied in its sole discretion with the corporate (or other organizational), environmental and financial due diligence of

 

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the Loan Parties and its Affiliates. The Administrative Agent shall have reviewed and be satisfied in its sole discretion with the Material Contracts and agreements of the Loan Parties.

 

(s)                                    Liens .  The Administrative Agent shall have received evidence satisfactory to it that there are no Liens encumbering any of the Loan Parties’ respective Property other than Permitted Liens.

 

(t)                                     Lease Operating Statements . The Administrative Agent shall have received lease operating statements with respect to the Oil and Gas Properties of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries for the period from January to June, 2014 with respect to all acquired assets other than those acquired from Sundance Energy, and July 2013 to May 2014 with respect to the assets acquired from Sundance Energy.

 

(u)                                  Production and Hedging Reports . The Administrative Agent shall have received a report containing the information required by Section 5.2(d)  for the quarter ended June 30, 2014.

 

(v)                                  Payment of Fees .  The Borrower shall have paid the fees and expenses required to be paid as of the Effective Date by Sections 2.7(c)  and 9.1 or any other provision of a Loan Document.

 

(w)                                Hedging Arrangements .  The Borrower and the other Loan Parties shall have entered into Hedging Arrangements with Approved Counterparties sufficient to fix the price on minimal notional volumes of crude oil and natural gas at a strike price not lower than the prices set forth on Schedule 3.1 for the corresponding period set forth on Schedule 3.1 and such Hedging Arrangements shall remain in effect on the Effective Date.

 

(x)                                  Release of Prior Liens Securing Second Lien Debt .  The Administrative Agent shall have received (i) recorded counterparts of releases of any Liens securing the Second Lien Debt and encumbering Oil and Gas Property of the Loan Parties in the State of Colorado, (ii) evidence, in form and substance satisfactory to the Administrative Agent that the Liens securing the Second Lien Debt and encumbering Oil and Gas Property of the Loan Parties in Wyoming have been presented for recording in Laramie County, Wyoming, (iii) recorded or file-stamped counterparts of UCC-3 terminations of any Liens securing the Second Lien Debt and encumbering personal property of the Loan Parties filed with the Delaware Secretary of State, (iv) evidence, in form and substance satisfactory to the Administrative Agent that the deposit account control agreements in favor of the Second Lien Agent have terminated, (v) confirmation that arrangements satisfactory to the Administrative Agent have been made for the delivery of any pledged collateral previously delivered to the Second Lien Agent to be delivered to the Administrative Agent.

 

(y)                                  Recorded Mortgages . The Administrative Agent shall have received (i) copies of recorded counterparts of the Mortgages and corresponding deeds of trust securing the Second Lien Debt in the applicable Colorado counties evidencing the filing of the Mortgages prior to any deeds of trust securing the Second Lien Debt and (ii) file-stamped UCC-1 financing statements securing the Secured Obligations and corresponding UCC-1 financing statements securing the Second Lien Debt in each case naming the Loan Parties as Debtors and filed with the Delaware Secretary of State, and evidencing the filing of such UCC-1 financing statements securing the Secured Obligations prior to the UCC-1 financing statements securing the Second Lien Debt.

 

If the conditions set forth in this Section 3.1 have not been satisfied on or before September 18, 2014, the Administrative Agent, the Lenders and the Issuing Lender shall have no further obligations hereunder and this Agreement shall terminate, except with respect to any provisions which by their terms survive the termination of this Agreement.

 

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Section 3.2                                     Conditions Precedent to Each Borrowing and to Each Issuance, Extension or Renewal of a Letter of Credit .  The obligation of each Lender to make a Loan on the occasion of each Borrowing (including the initial Borrowing), the obligation of each Issuing Lender to issue, increase, renew or extend a Letter of Credit (including the deemed issuance of Letters of Credit) and of any reallocation of Letter of Credit Exposure provided in Section 2.16 , shall be subject to the further conditions precedent that on the date of such Borrowing or such issuance, increase, renewal or extension:

 

(a)                                  Representations and Warranties .  As of the date of the making of any Loan or issuance, increase, renewal or extension of any Letter of Credit, the representations and warranties made by any Loan Party or any officer or employee of any Loan Party contained in the Loan Documents shall be true and correct in all material respects (except that such materiality qualifier shall not be applicable to any representations and warranties that already are qualified or modified by materiality in the text thereof) on such date, except that any representation and warranty which by its terms is made as of a specified date shall be required to be true and correct only as of such specified date and each request for the making of any Loan or issuance, increase, renewal or extension of any Letter of Credit and the making of such Loan or the issuance, increase, renewal or extension of such Letter of Credit shall be deemed to be a reaffirmation of such representations and warranties.

 

(b)                                  Event of Default .  As of the date of the making of any Loan, the issuance, increase, renewal or extension of any Letter of Credit, as applicable, no Default or Event of Default shall exist, and the making of such Loan or issuance, increase, renewal or extension of such Letter of Credit would not cause a Default or Event of Default.

 

(c)                                   No Second Lien Default .  As of the date of the making of any Loan or the issuance, increase, renewal or extension of any Letter of Credit, as applicable, no Second Lien Default or Second Lien Event of Default shall exist under Section 9.01 of the Second Lien Credit Agreement, and the making of such Loan or issuance, increase, renewal or extension of such Letter of Credit would not cause a Second Lien Default or Second Lien Event of Default under Section 9.01 of the Second Lien Credit Agreement.

 

(d)                                  Deemed Representation and Warranty .  Each of: (i) the giving of the applicable Notice of Borrowing or Letter of Credit Application, (ii) the acceptance by the Borrower of the proceeds of such Borrowing, and (iii) the issuance, increase, or extension of such Letter of Credit shall constitute a representation and warranty by the Borrower that on the date of such Borrowing, such issuance, increase, or extension of such Letter of Credit, as applicable, that each of the foregoing conditions precedent set forth in Sections 3.2(a) , (b) , and (c)  has been met.

 

Section 3.3                                     Determinations Under Sections 3.1 and 3.2 .  For purposes of determining compliance with the conditions specified in Sections 3.1 and 3.2 each Lender shall be deemed to have consented to, approved or accepted or to be satisfied with each document or other matter required thereunder to be consented to or approved by or acceptable or satisfactory to the Lenders unless an officer of the Administrative Agent responsible for the transactions contemplated by the Loan Documents shall have received written notice from such Lender prior to the Borrowings hereunder specifying its objection thereto and such Lender shall not have made available to the Administrative Agent such Lender’s ratable portion of such Borrowings.

 

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ARTICLE 4
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES

 

Each Loan Party hereto represents and warrants as follows:

 

Section 4.1                                     Organization .  Each Loan Party is duly and validly organized and existing and in good standing under the laws of its jurisdiction of incorporation or formation.  Each Loan Party is authorized to do business and is in good standing in all jurisdictions in which such qualifications or authorizations are necessary except where the failure to be so qualified or authorized could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change.  As of the Effective Date, each Loan Party’s type of organization and jurisdiction of incorporation or formation are set forth on Schedule 4.1 .

 

Section 4.2                                     Authorization .  The execution, delivery, and performance by each Loan Party of each Loan Document to which such Loan Party is a party and the consummation of the transactions contemplated thereby (a) are within such Loan Party’s powers, (b) have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate, limited liability company or partnership action, (c) do not contravene any articles or certificate of incorporation or bylaws, partnership or limited liability company agreement binding on or affecting such Loan Party, (d) do not contravene any law or any contractual restriction binding on or affecting such Loan Party except where such contravention could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change, (e) do not result in or require the creation or imposition of any Lien prohibited by this Agreement, and (f) do not require any authorization or approval or other action by, or any notice or filing with, any Governmental Authority other than those that have been obtained, except to the extent that the failure to obtain such authorization, approval or other action by such Governmental Authority could not be reasonably expected to result in a Material Adverse Change.  At the time of each Loan or the issuance, renewal, extension or increase of each Letter of Credit, such Loan and the use of the proceeds of such Loan or the issuance, renewal, extension or increase of such Letter of Credit are within the Borrower’s corporate powers, have been duly authorized by all necessary action and do not contravene (i) the Borrower’s certificate of incorporation, formation or partnership, or its by-laws, partnership agreement or limited liability company agreement, or (ii) any Legal Requirement or any contractual restriction binding on or affecting the Borrower (except where such contravention could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change), will not result in or require the creation or imposition of any Lien prohibited by this Agreement, and do not require any authorization or approval or other action by, or any notice or filing with, any Governmental Authority other than those that have been obtained or provided, except to the extent that the failure to obtain such authorization, approval or other action by such Governmental Authority could not be reasonably expected to result in a Material Adverse Change.

 

Section 4.3                                     Enforceability .  The Loan Documents have each been duly executed and delivered by each Loan Party that is a party thereto and each Loan Document constitutes the legal, valid, and binding obligation of each Loan Party that is a party thereto enforceable against such Loan Party in accordance with its terms, except as limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, or similar laws at the time in effect affecting the rights of creditors generally and by general principles of equity whether applied by a court of law or equity.

 

Section 4.4                                     Financial Condition .

 

(a)                                  The Borrower has delivered to the Administrative Agent unaudited consolidated financial statements for the Borrower and its Subsidiaries dated as of June 30, 2014 for the fiscal quarter ended thereon. The financial statements referred to in the preceding sentence fairly present, in all material respects, the financial condition of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries on the date thereof and the results of their operations and cash flows for the periods then ended, have been prepared in accordance with GAAP and do not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in

 

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order to make the statements contained therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.  As of the date of the aforementioned financial statements, there were no material contingent obligations, liabilities for taxes, unusual forward or long-term commitments, or unrealized or anticipated losses of the applicable Persons, except as disclosed therein and adequate reserves for such items have been made in accordance with GAAP.

 

(b)                                  Since June 30, 2014, no event or condition has occurred that could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change.

 

Section 4.5                                     Title; Ownership and Liens; Real Property .  Each Loan Party (a) has good and defensible title to all of its Oil and Gas Properties in all material respects, free and clear of all Liens except for Permitted Liens, and (b) has good and indefeasible title to all of its other material Properties, free and clear of all Liens except for Permitted Liens. None of the Property owned by a Loan Party is subject to any Lien except Permitted Liens.

 

Section 4.6                                     True and Complete Disclosure .  All written factual information (whether delivered before or after the date of this Agreement) prepared by or on behalf of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries and furnished to the Administrative Agent or the Lenders for purposes of or in connection with this Agreement, any other Loan Document or any transaction contemplated hereby or thereby does not contain any material misstatement of fact or omit to state any material fact necessary to make the statements therein not misleading.  There is no fact known to any officer of any Loan Party on the date of this Agreement that has not been disclosed to the Administrative Agent that could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change.  All projections, estimates, budgets, and pro forma financial information furnished by or on behalf of any Loan Party, were prepared on the basis of assumptions, data, information, tests, or conditions (including current and reasonably foreseeable business conditions) believed to be reasonable at the time such projections, estimates, and pro forma financial information were furnished.

 

Section 4.7                                     Litigation .

 

(a)                                  There are no actions, suits, or proceedings pending or, to any Loan Party’s knowledge, threatened against any Loan Party, at law, in equity, or in admiralty, or by or before any Governmental Authority, which could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change.  Additionally, except as disclosed in writing to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders, there is no pending or, to the knowledge of any Loan Party, threatened action or proceeding instituted against any Loan Party which seeks to adjudicate any Loan Party as bankrupt or insolvent, or seeking liquidation, winding up, reorganization, arrangement, adjustment, protection, relief, or composition of it or its debts under any law relating to bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization or relief of debtors, or seeking the entry of an order for relief or the appointment of a receiver, trustee or other similar official for it or for any substantial part of its Property.

 

(b)                                  The Borrower and its Subsidiaries have complied in all material respects with all material statutes, rules, regulations, orders and restrictions of any Governmental Authority having jurisdiction over the conduct of their respective businesses or the ownership of their respective Property.

 

Section 4.8                                     Compliance with Agreements; No Defaults .

 

(a)                                  No Loan Party is a party to any indenture, loan or credit agreement or any lease or any other types of agreement or instrument or subject to any charter or corporate restriction or provision of applicable law or governmental regulation the performance of or compliance with which could reasonably be expected to cause a Material Adverse Change.  No Loan Party is in default under or with respect to any

 

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contract, agreement, lease or any other types of agreement or instrument to which any Loan Party is a party and which could reasonably be expected to cause a Material Adverse Change.  To the best knowledge of the Loan Parties, no Loan Party is in default under, or has received a notice of default under, any contract, agreement, lease or any other document or instrument to which the Borrower or its Subsidiaries is a party which is continuing and which, if not cured, could reasonably be expected to cause a Material Adverse Change.

 

(b)                                  No Default has occurred and is continuing.

 

Section 4.9                                     Pension Plans .  (a) Except for matters that could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change, all Plans are in compliance with all applicable provisions of ERISA, (b) no Termination Event has occurred that would result in an Event of Default under Section 7.1(i) , and, except for matters that could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change, each Plan has complied with and been administered in accordance with applicable provisions of ERISA and the Code, (c) no “accumulated funding deficiency” (as defined in Section 302 of ERISA) has occurred with respect to any Plan, and for plan years after December 31, 2007, no unpaid minimum required contribution exists with respect to any Plan, and there has been no excise tax imposed under Section 4971 of the Code with respect to any Plan, (d) the present value of all benefits vested under each Plan (based on the assumptions used to fund such Plan) did not, as of the last annual valuation date applicable thereto, exceed the value of the assets of such Plan allocable to such vested benefits in an amount that could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change, (e) no Loan Party nor any member of the Controlled Group has had a complete or partial withdrawal from any Multiemployer Plan for which a Loan Party or a member of the Controlled Group has incurred any unsatisfied withdrawal liability that could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change or an Event of Default under Section 7.1(j) , and (f) except for matters that could not reasonably result in a Material Adverse Change, as of the most recent valuation date applicable thereto, no Loan Party nor any member of the Controlled Group would become subject to any liability under ERISA if the Borrower or any Subsidiary has received notice that any Multiemployer Plan is insolvent or in reorganization.  Based upon GAAP existing as of the date of this Agreement and current factual circumstances, no Loan Party has any reason to believe that the annual cost during the term of this Agreement to the Borrower or any Subsidiary for post-retirement benefits to be provided to the current and former employees of the Borrower or any Subsidiary under Plans that are welfare benefit plans (as defined in Section 3(1) of ERISA) could, in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to cause a Material Adverse Change.

 

Section 4.10                              Environmental Condition .

 

(a)                                  Permits, Etc .  Each Loan Party (i) has obtained all material Environmental Permits necessary for the ownership and operation of its Properties and the conduct of its businesses; (ii) is in material compliance with all terms and conditions of such Environmental Permits and with all other material requirements of applicable Environmental Laws; (iii) has not received written notice of any material violation or alleged material violation of any Environmental Law or Environmental Permit; and (iv) is not subject to any actual or, to the Loan Parties’ knowledge, threatened Environmental Claim which could reasonably be expected to cause a Material Adverse Change.

 

(b)                                  Certain Liabilities .  To the Loan Parties’ knowledge, none of the present or previously owned or operated Property of any Loan Party or of any Subsidiary thereof, wherever located, (i) has been placed on or proposed to be placed on the National Priorities List, the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation Liability Information System list, or state or local analogs, or have been otherwise investigated, designated, listed, or identified as a potential site for removal, remediation, cleanup, closure, restoration, reclamation, or other Response activity under any Environmental Laws, which could reasonably be expected to cause a Material Adverse Change; (ii) is

 

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subject to a Lien, arising under or in connection with any Environmental Laws, that attaches to any revenues or to any Property owned or operated by any Loan Party, wherever located, which could reasonably be expected to cause a Material Adverse Change; or (iii) has been the site of any Release of Hazardous Substances, Hazardous Wastes or Oil and Gas Wastes from present or past operations which has caused at the site or at any third-party site any condition that has resulted in or could reasonably be expected to result in the need for Response that could cause a Material Adverse Change.

 

(c)                                   Certain Actions .  Without limiting the foregoing, (i) all necessary material notices have been properly filed, and no further action is required under current applicable Environmental Law as to each Response or other restoration or remedial project undertaken by the Borrower, any of its Subsidiaries or any of the Borrower’s or such Subsidiary’s former Subsidiaries on any of their presently or formerly owned or operated Property, except for (x) such failure to properly file notices and (y) such failure to take further action which, in each case (x) and (y), could not be reasonably expected to cause a Material Adverse Change, and (ii) the present and, to the Loan Parties’ knowledge, future liability, if any, of the Borrower or of any Subsidiary which could reasonably be expected to arise in connection with requirements under Environmental Laws is not expected to result in a Material Adverse Change.

 

Section 4.11                              Subsidiaries .  As of the Effective Date, the Borrower has no Subsidiaries other than those listed on Schedule 4.11.  Each Subsidiary of the Borrower (including any such Subsidiary formed or acquired subsequent to the Effective Date) has complied with the requirements of Section 5.6 .

 

Section 4.12                              Investment Company Act .  No Loan Party is an “investment company” or a company “controlled” by an “investment company” within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.  No Loan Party is subject to regulation under any Federal or state statute, regulation or other Legal Requirement which limits its ability to incur Debt.

 

Section 4.13                              Taxes .  Proper and accurate (in all material respects), federal, state, local and foreign tax returns, reports and statements required to be filed (after giving effect to any extension granted in the time for filing) by each Loan Party have been filed with the appropriate Governmental Authorities, and all Taxes (which are material in amount) due and payable have been timely paid prior to the date on which any fine, penalty, interest, late charge or loss may be added thereto for non-payment thereof except where contested in good faith by appropriate proceeding and for which adequate reserves have been established in compliance with GAAP.

 

Section 4.14                              Permits, Licenses, etc .  Each Loan Party possesses all permits, licenses, patents, patent rights or licenses, trademarks, trademark rights, trade names rights, and copyrights which are material to the conduct of its business.  Each Loan Party manages and operates its business in accordance with all applicable Legal Requirements except where the failure to so manage or operate could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change; provided that this Section 4.14 does not apply with respect to Environmental Permits.

 

Section 4.15                              Use of Proceeds .  The proceeds of the Loans will be used by the Borrower for the purposes described in Section 6.6 .  No Loan Party is engaged in the business of extending credit for the purpose of purchasing or carrying margin stock (within the meaning of Regulation U).  No proceeds of any Loan will be used to purchase or carry any margin stock in violation of Regulation T, U or X.

 

Section 4.16                              Condition of Property; Casualties .  The material Properties used or to be used in the continuing operations of Loan Parties, are in good working order and condition, normal wear and tear excepted.  Neither the business nor the Oil and Gas Properties or material Properties of the Loan Parties has been affected as a result of any fire, explosion, earthquake, flood, drought, windstorm, accident, strike or other labor disturbance, embargo, requisition or taking of such Property or cancellation of contracts,

 

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permits or concessions by a Governmental Authority, riot, activities of armed forces or acts of God or of any public enemy. The Loan Parties own no real property (other than Oil and Gas Properties) which either (x) is material to the operations of the Loan Parties or (y) has a fair market value in excess of $5,000,000, except as (a) is set forth on Schedule 4.16 . (b) is disclosed on a schedule to the Borrowing Base Certificate delivered pursuant to Section 5.2(c)(vi) , or (c) has been acquired since the delivery of the previous Borrowing Base Certificate.

 

Section 4.17                              Insurance .  Each of the Loan Parties carries insurance (which may be carried by the Borrower on a consolidated basis) with reputable insurers in respect of such of their respective Properties, in such amounts, with such deductibles and against such risks as is customarily maintained by other Persons of similar size engaged in similar businesses.

 

Section 4.18                              Security Interest .  Each Loan Party has authorized the filing of financing statements sufficient when filed to perfect the Lien created by the Security Documents.  When such financing statements are filed in the offices noted therein, the Administrative Agent will have a valid and perfected security interest in all Collateral that is capable of being perfected by filing financing statements.

 

Section 4.19                              OFAC; Anti-Terrorism .  No Loan Party, nor to the knowledge of any Loan Party, (i) any agent, or representative thereof acting on behalf of a Loan Party, or (ii) any director, officer, or employee of a Loan Party, or (iii) any Affiliate of a Loan Party (other than any portfolio or operating company which is an Affiliate of the Yorktown Funds or Yorktown Group Members and is not itself a Loan Party), is in violation of any of the country or list based economic and trade sanctions administered and enforced by OFAC.  No Loan Party (a) is a Sanctioned Person or a Sanctioned Entity, (b) has its assets located in Sanctioned Entities, or (c) derives revenues from investments in, or transactions with Sanctioned Persons or Sanctioned Entities.  No proceeds of any Loan will be used to fund any operations in, finance any investments or activities in, or make any payments to, a Sanctioned Person or a Sanctioned Entity.

 

Section 4.20                              Solvency .  Before and after giving effect to the making of each Loan and the issuance, increase, or amendment of each Letter of Credit, the Borrower and its consolidated Subsidiaries are, when taken as a whole, Solvent.

 

Section 4.21                              Gas Contracts .  No Loan Party, as of the date hereof or as disclosed to the Administrative Agent in writing, (a) is obligated in any material respect by virtue of any prepayment made under any contract containing a “take-or-pay” or “prepayment” provision or under any similar agreement to deliver Hydrocarbons produced from or allocated to any of the Borrower’s and its Subsidiaries’ Oil and Gas Properties at some future date without receiving full payment therefor at the time of delivery or (b) except as has been disclosed to the Administrative Agent, has produced gas, in any material amount, subject to balancing rights of third parties or subject to balancing duties under Legal Requirements.

 

Section 4.22                              Liens, Leases, Etc .  On the date of this Agreement, all governmental actions and all other filings, recordings, registrations, third party consents and other actions which are necessary to create and perfect the Liens provided for in the Security Documents will have been made, obtained and taken in all relevant jurisdictions to the extent required by the Loan Documents other than the recording and filing of the Mortgages.  Other than to the extent such could not reasonably be expected to cause a Material Adverse Change, (i) all leases and agreements for the conduct of business of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries are valid and subsisting, in full force and effect and there exists no default or event of default or circumstance which with the giving of notice or lapse of time or both would give rise to a default by the Borrower or any Subsidiary, or to the Borrower’s knowledge, by any of the other parties

 

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thereto, under any such leases or agreements.  Neither the Borrower nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to any agreement or arrangement (other than this Agreement and the Security Documents), or subject to any order, judgment, writ or decree, that either restricts or purports to restrict its ability to grant Liens to secure the Obligations against their respective Properties.

 

Section 4.23                              Hedging Agreements Schedule 4.23 sets forth, as of the date hereof, a true and complete list of all Interest Hedge Agreements, Hydrocarbon Hedge Agreements, and Hedging Arrangements of the Loan Parties, the material terms thereof (including the type, term, effective date, termination date and notional amounts or volumes), the net mark to market value thereof, all credit support agreements relating thereto (including any margin required or supplied), and the counterparty to each such agreement.

 

Section 4.24                              Material Agreements Schedule 4.24 sets forth a complete and correct list, as of the date of this Agreement, of all material agreements, leases, indentures, purchase agreements, obligations in respect of letters of credit, guarantees, joint venture agreements, and other instruments in effect or to be in effect as of the date hereof (other than the agreements set forth in Schedule 4.23 ) providing for, evidencing, securing or otherwise relating to any Debt of the Loan Parties in excess of $5,000,000 individually or in the aggregate, and all obligations of the Loan Parties to issuers of surety or appeal bonds issued for account of any Loan Party, and such list correctly sets forth the names of the debtor or lessee and creditor or lessor with respect to the Debt or lease obligations outstanding or to be outstanding and the Property subject to any Lien securing such Debt or lease obligation.  Also set forth on Schedule 4.24 hereto is a complete and correct list, as of the date of this Agreement, of all material agreements and other instruments of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries relating to the purchase, transportation by pipeline, gas processing, marketing, sale and supply of natural gas and other Hydrocarbons and which either (a) has a term longer than 6 months or (b) provides for liabilities of the Loan Parties in excess of $5,000,000.  The Borrower has heretofore delivered to the Administrative Agent a complete and correct copy of all such material credit agreements, indentures, purchase agreements, contracts, letters of credit, guarantees, joint venture agreements, or other instruments, including any modifications or supplements thereto, as in effect on the date hereof.

 

Section 4.25                              Restriction on Liens .  Except for restrictions in the Second Lien Credit Agreement and the Intercreditor Agreement with respect to granting Liens and any restrictions set forth in agreements related to Debt permitted by Section 6.1(d) , none of the Loan Parties is a party to any material agreement or arrangement, or subject to any order, judgment, writ or decree, which either restricts or purports to restrict its ability to grant Liens to the Administrative Agent and the Secured Parties on or in respect of their Properties to secure the Obligations and the Loan Documents.

 

Section 4.26                              Location of Business and Offices .  The Borrower’s jurisdiction of organization is Delaware; the name of the Borrower as listed in the public records of its jurisdiction of organization is Extraction Oil & Gas Holdings, LLC; and the organizational identification number of the Borrower in its jurisdiction of organization is 5530857 (or, in each case, as set forth in a notice delivered to the Administrative Agent pursuant to Section 6.7(c)  in accordance with Section 9.9 .  The Borrower’s principal place of business and chief executive offices are located at the address specified in Schedule I (or as set forth in a notice delivered pursuant to Section 6.7(c)  and Section 9.9 ).

 

Section 4.27                              Foreign Corrupt Practices .  No Loan Party, nor, to the knowledge of any Loan Party, any director, officer, agent, employee or Affiliate of the Loan Parties is aware of or has taken any action, directly or indirectly, that would result in a material violation by such Persons of the FCPA, including making use of the mails or any means or instrumentality of interstate commerce corruptly in furtherance of an offer, payment, promise to pay or authorization of the payment of any money, or other property, gift, promise to give, or authorization of the giving of anything of value to any “ foreign official

 

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(as such term is defined in the FCPA) or any foreign political party or official thereof or any candidate for foreign political office, in contravention of the FCPA; and, the Loan Parties and, to the knowledge of the Loan Parties, their Affiliates have conducted their business in material compliance with the FCPA and have instituted and maintain policies and procedures designed to ensure, and which are reasonably expected to continue to ensure, continued compliance therewith.

 

ARTICLE 5
AFFIRMATIVE COVENANTS

 

So long as any Obligation shall remain unpaid, any Lender shall have any Commitment hereunder, or there shall exist any Letter of Credit Exposure, each Loan Party agrees to comply with the following covenants.

 

Section 5.1                                     Organization .  Each Loan Party shall, and shall cause each of its respective Subsidiaries to, preserve and maintain its partnership, limited liability company or corporate existence, rights, franchises and privileges in the jurisdiction of its organization, and qualify and remain qualified as a foreign business entity in each jurisdiction in which qualification is necessary in view of its business and operations or the ownership of its Properties and where failure to qualify could reasonably be expected to cause a Material Adverse Change; provided , however, that nothing herein contained shall prevent any transaction permitted by Section 6.7 .

 

Section 5.2                                     Reporting .

 

(a)                                  Annual Financial Reports .  The Borrower shall provide, or shall cause to be provided, to the Administrative Agent, as soon as available, but in any event within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year of the Borrower (commencing with the fiscal year ended December 31, 2014), a consolidated balance sheet of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries as at the end of such fiscal year, and the related consolidated statements of income or operations, shareholders’ equity and cash flows for such fiscal year, setting forth in each case in comparative form the figures for the previous fiscal year, all in reasonable detail and prepared in accordance with GAAP, such consolidated statements to be audited and accompanied by a report and opinion of an independent certified public accountant of nationally recognized standing reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent, which report and opinion shall be prepared in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards and shall not be subject to any “going concern” or like qualification or exception or any qualification or exception as to the scope of such audit.

 

(b)                                  Quarterly Financials .  The Borrower shall provide, or shall cause to be provided, to the Administrative Agent, as soon as available, but in any event within 60 days after the end of each fiscal quarter of each fiscal year of the Borrower (commencing with the fiscal quarter ending September 30, 2014), consolidated balance sheet of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries as at the end of such fiscal quarter, and the related consolidated statements of income or operations, shareholder’s equity and cash flows for such fiscal quarter and for the portion of the Borrower’s fiscal year then ended, setting forth in each case in comparative form the figures for the corresponding fiscal quarter of the previous fiscal year and the corresponding portion of the previous fiscal year, all in reasonable detail (subject only to normal year-end audit adjustments and the absence of footnotes), such consolidated statements to be certified by the chief executive officer or the chief financial officer of the Borrower as (i) fairly presenting, in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations, shareholders’ equity and cash flows of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries in accordance with GAAP, subject only to normal year-end audit adjustments and the absence of footnotes and do not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements contained therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, and (ii) showing that there were no material contingent obligations, liabilities for taxes, unusual forward or long-term commitments, or unrealized or anticipated

 

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losses of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, except as disclosed therein and adequate reserves for such items have been made in accordance with GAAP; and

 

Documents required to be delivered pursuant to Section 5.2(a)  or (b)  may be delivered electronically and if so delivered, shall be deemed to have been delivered on the date on which such documents are posted on the Borrower’s behalf on an Internet or intranet website, if any, to which each Lender and the Administrative Agent have access (whether a commercial, third-party website or whether sponsored by the Administrative Agent); provided that: (i) upon request, the Borrower shall deliver paper copies of such documents to the Administrative Agent or any Lender until a written request to cease delivering paper copies is given by the Administrative Agent or such Lender and (ii) the Borrower shall notify the Administrative Agent and, upon request, each Lender (by telecopier or electronic mail) of the posting of any such documents and, upon request, provide to the Administrative Agent by electronic mail electronic versions (i.e., soft copies) of such documents.

 

(c)                                   Oil and Gas Reserve Reports . The Borrower shall provide, or shall cause to be provided, to the Administrative Agent:

 

(i)                                      For the November 1 Borrowing Base redetermination, as soon as available but in any event on or before October 1 of each year (beginning October 1, 2014), an Internal Reserve Report dated effective as of the immediately preceding July 1 st ; provided that for the November 1, 2014 Borrowing Base redetermination, the Internal Reserve Report shall be dated effective as of September 1, 2014;

 

(ii)                                   For the February 1 Borrowing Base redetermination, as soon as available but in any event on or before January 1, 2015, an Internal Reserve Report dated effective as of the immediately preceding December1 st ;

 

(iii)                                For the May 1 Borrowing Base redetermination, as soon as available but in any event on or before April 1 of each year (beginning April 1, 2015) an Independent Reserve Report dated effective as of the immediately preceding January 1 st ; provided that for the May 1, 2015 Borrowing Base redetermination, the Independent Reserve Report shall be dated effective as of March 1, 2015;

 

(iv)                               For the August 1 Borrowing Base redetermination, as soon as available but in any event on or before July 1, 2015, an Internal Reserve Report dated effective as of the immediately preceding June 1 st ;

 

(v)                                  Such other information as may be reasonably requested by the Administrative Agent or any Lender with respect to the Oil and Gas Properties included or to be included in the Borrowing Base;

 

(vi)                               With the delivery of each Reserve Report, a certificate from a Responsible Officer (a “ Borrowing Base Certificate ”) of the Borrower certifying that, to the best of his knowledge and in all material respects: (A) the information contained in the Reserve Report and any other information delivered in connection therewith is true and correct, (B) except as set forth on an exhibit to the certificate, on a net basis there are no gas imbalances, take-or-pay or other prepayments with respect to its Oil and Gas Properties evaluated in such Reserve Report which would require the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries to deliver Hydrocarbons produced from such Oil and Gas Properties at some future time without then or thereafter receiving full payment therefor, (C) none of its Oil and Gas Properties which are classified as Proven Reserves have been sold since the date of the last Borrowing Base determination except as set forth on an exhibit

 

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to the certificate, which certificate shall list all of its Oil and Gas Properties sold and in such detail as reasonably required by the Administrative Agent, (D) except as set forth on a schedule attached to the certificate, all of the Oil and Gas Properties evaluated by such Reserve Report are pledged as Collateral for the Obligations, and (E) attached to the certificate is a list of any real property other than Oil and Gas Properties acquired since the delivery of the previous Reserve Report which is either (i) material to the operations of the Loan Parties, or (ii) has a fair market value in excess of $5,000,000.

 

(d)                                  Lease Operating Expenses, Production and Hedging Reports .  Concurrently with the delivery of the financial statements referred to in Section 5.2(a)  and (b)  above, a report certified by a Responsible Officer of the Borrower in form and substance satisfactory to the Administrative Agent prepared by the Borrower (i) covering each of the Oil and Gas Properties of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries and detailing on a monthly basis (A) the lease operating statements showing the production, revenue, and price information and associated operating expenses for each such month, (B) any changes to any producing reservoir, production equipment, or producing well during each such month, which changes could reasonably be expected to cause a Material Adverse Change, and (C) any sales of the Borrower’s or any Subsidiaries’ Oil and Gas Properties during each such month, and (ii) setting forth a true and complete list of all Hedging Arrangements of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries and detailing the material terms thereof (including the type, term, effective date, termination date and notional amounts or volumes), the net mark to market value thereof, all credit support agreements relating thereto (including any margin required or supplied), the counterparty to each such agreement, and comparing actual production volumes for such periods to the notional volumes covered by such Hedging Arrangement for such periods; provided that, such required listing of any credit support agreements shall, in no event, be construed as permitting such credit supports which are not permitted under the terms of this Agreement, and (iii) certifying the Borrower’s compliance with Section 6.15 hereof;

 

(e)                                   Compliance Certificate .  Concurrently with the delivery of the financial statements referred to in Section 5.2(a)  and (b)  above, the Borrower shall provide to the Administrative Agent a duly completed Compliance Certificate signed by the president or chief financial officer of the Borrower, commencing with the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2014.

 

(f)                                    Business Plan; Annual Budget .  Concurrently with the delivery of the financial statements referred to in Section 5.2(a)  above, the Borrower shall provide to the Administrative Agent a business and financial plan for the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, including an annual operating, capital and cash flow budget for the current fiscal year, including projected production volumes during such period;

 

(g)                                   Defaults .  The Loan Parties shall provide to the Administrative Agent promptly, but in any event within five Business Days after knowledge thereof, a notice of each Default or Event of Default known to the Responsible Officer of the Borrower or to any of its Subsidiaries, together with a statement of a Responsible Officer of the Borrower setting forth the details of such Default or Event of Default and the actions which the Loan Parties have taken and proposes to take with respect thereto;

 

(h)                                  Other Creditors .  The Loan Parties shall provide to the Administrative Agent promptly after the giving or receipt thereof, copies of any default notices given or received by the Borrower or by any of its Subsidiaries pursuant to the terms of any indenture, loan agreement, credit agreement, or similar agreement;

 

(i)                                      Litigation .  The Loan Parties shall provide to the Administrative Agent promptly after the commencement thereof, and in any event no later than 5 days after, notice of all actions, suits, and proceedings before any Governmental Authority, affecting the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries or any

 

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of their respective assets that has a stated claim for damages in excess of $2,000,000 or that could otherwise result in a cost, expense or loss to the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries in excess of $2,000,000;

 

(j)                                     Environmental Notices .  Promptly upon, and in any event no later than 5 days after, the receipt thereof, or the acquisition of knowledge thereof, by any Loan Party, the Loan Parties shall provide the Administrative Agent with a copy of any form of request, claim, complaint, order, notice, summons or citation received from any Governmental Authority or any other Person, (i) concerning violations or alleged violations of Environmental Laws, which seeks to impose liability therefore in excess of $2,000,000, (ii) concerning any action or omission on the part of any of the Loan Parties or any of their former Subsidiaries in connection with Hazardous Waste, Oil and Gas Waste or Hazardous Substances which could reasonably result in the imposition of liability in excess of $2,000,000 or requiring that action be taken to respond to or clean up a Release of Hazardous Substances, Hazardous Waste or Oil and Gas Waste and such action or clean-up could reasonably be expected to exceed $2,000,000, including without limitation any information request related to, or notice of, potential responsibility under CERCLA, or (iii) concerning the filing of a Lien upon, against or in connection with the Borrower, any Subsidiary, or any of their respective former Subsidiaries, or any of their material leased or owned Property, wherever located;

 

(k)                                  Material Adverse Changes .  The Loan Parties shall provide to the Administrative Agent prompt written notice of any event, development or circumstance that has had or would reasonably be expected to give rise to a Material Adverse Change;

 

(l)                                      Termination Events .  As soon as possible and in any event (i) within 30 days after the Borrower or any member of the Controlled Group knows or has reason to know that any Termination Event described in clause (a) of the definition of Termination Event has occurred, and (ii) within 10 days after the Borrower or any member of the Controlled Group knows or has reason to know that any other Termination Event has occurred, the Loan Parties shall provide to the Administrative Agent a statement of an authorized officer of the Borrower describing such Termination Event and the action, if any, which the Borrower or any Affiliate of the Borrower proposes to take with respect thereto;

 

(m)                              Termination of Plans .  Promptly and in any event within 10 Business Days after receipt thereof by the Borrower or any member of the Controlled Group from the PBGC, the Loan Parties shall provide to the Administrative Agent copies of each notice received by the Borrower or any such member of the Controlled Group of the PBGC’s intention to terminate any Plan or to have a trustee appointed to administer any Plan;

 

(n)                                  Other ERISA Notices .  Promptly and in any event within 10 Business Days after receipt thereof by the Borrower or any member of the Controlled Group from a Multiemployer Plan sponsor, the Loan Parties shall provide to the Administrative Agent a copy of each notice received by the Borrower or any member of the Controlled Group concerning the imposition or amount of withdrawal liability imposed on the Borrower or any member of the Controlled Group pursuant to Section 4202 of ERISA;

 

(o)                                  Other Governmental Notices .  Promptly and in any event within five Business Days after receipt thereof by a Loan Party, the Loan Parties shall provide to the Administrative Agent a copy of any notice, summons, citation, or proceeding seeking to modify in any material respect, revoke, or suspend any material contract, license, permit, or agreement with any Governmental Authority;

 

(p)                                  Disputes; etc .  The Loan Parties shall provide to the Administrative Agent prompt written notice of (i) any claims, legal or arbitration proceedings, proceedings before any Governmental Authority, or disputes, or to the knowledge of any Loan Party, any such actions threatened, or affecting the Borrower

 

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or any Subsidiary, which, if adversely determined, could reasonably be expected to cause a Material Adverse Change, or any material labor controversy of which a Loan Party has knowledge resulting in or reasonably considered to be likely to result in a strike against the Borrower or any Subsidiary, and (ii) any claim, judgment, Lien or other encumbrance (other than a Permitted Lien) affecting any Property of the Borrower or any Subsidiary, if the value of the claim, judgment, Lien, or other encumbrance affecting such Property shall exceed $2,000,000;

 

(q)                                  Management Letters; Other Accounting Reports .  Promptly upon receipt thereof, a copy of each other report or letter submitted to the Borrower or any Subsidiary by independent accountants in connection with any annual, interim or special audit made by them of the books of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, and a copy of any response by the Borrower or any Subsidiary of the Borrower, or the board of directors or managers (or other applicable governing body) of the Borrower or any Subsidiary of the Borrower, to such letter;

 

(r)                                     Purchasers of Production . Promptly upon request, the Loan Parties shall provide to the Administrative Agent a list of all Persons disbursing proceeds to the Borrower or any other Loan Party from its Oil and Gas Properties;

 

(s)                                    Notices Delivered Under the Second Lien Credit Agreement . Concurrently with the delivery of any notice or other information to the Second Lien Agent or the Second Lien Lenders, the Borrower shall provide a copy of such notice or other information to the Administrative Agent; and

 

(t)                                     Other Information .  Promptly upon request, the Loan Parties shall provide to the Administrative Agent such other information respecting the business, operations, or Property of the Borrower or any Subsidiary, financial or otherwise, as any Lender through the Administrative Agent may reasonably request.

 

Section 5.3                                     Insurance .

 

(a)                                  Each Loan Party shall, and shall cause each of its Subsidiaries to, carry and maintain all such other insurance in such amounts and against such risks as is customarily maintained by other Persons of similar size engaged in similar businesses and acceptable to the Administrative Agent and with reputable insurers acceptable to the Administrative Agent.

 

(b)                                  Copies of all policies of insurance or certificates thereof covering the property or business of the Loan Parties, and endorsements and renewals thereof, certified as true and correct copies of such documents by a Responsible Officer of the Borrower shall be delivered by Borrower to and retained by the Administrative Agent.  All policies of property insurance with respect to the Collateral either shall have attached thereto a lender’s loss payable endorsement in favor of the Administrative Agent for its benefit and the ratable benefit of the Secured Parties or name the Administrative Agent as loss payee for its benefit and the ratable benefit of the Secured Parties, in either case, in form reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent, and all policies of liability insurance shall name the Administrative Agent for its benefit and the ratable benefit of the Secured Parties as an additional insured.  All policies or certificates of insurance shall set forth the coverage, the limits of liability, the name of the carrier, the policy number, and the period of coverage.  All such policies shall contain a provision that notwithstanding any contrary agreements between the Borrower, its Subsidiaries, and the applicable insurance company, such policies will not be canceled or allowed to lapse without renewal without at least 30 days’ (or such shorter period as may be accepted by the Administrative Agent) prior written notice to the Administrative Agent.

 

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(c)                                   If at any time the area in which any improved real property constituting Collateral is located is designated a “flood hazard area” in any Flood Insurance Rate Map published by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (or any successor agency), the Borrower shall, and shall cause each of its Subsidiaries to, obtain flood insurance in such total amount as required by Regulation H of the Federal Reserve Board, as from time to time in effect and all official rulings and interpretations thereunder or thereof, and otherwise comply with the National Flood Insurance Program as set forth in the Flood Disaster Protection Act of 1973, as it may be amended from time to time.

 

(d)                                  Notwithstanding Section 2.5(c)(ii)  of this Agreement, after the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, all proceeds of insurance, including any casualty insurance proceeds, property insurance proceeds, proceeds from actions, and any other proceeds, shall be paid directly to the Administrative Agent and if necessary, assigned to the Administrative Agent, to be applied in accordance with Section 7.6 of this Agreement, whether or not the Secured Obligations are then due and payable.

 

(e)                                   In the event that any insurance proceeds are paid to any Loan Party in violation of clause (d), such Loan Party shall hold the proceeds in trust for the Administrative Agent, segregate the proceeds from the other funds of such Loan Party, and promptly pay the proceeds to the Administrative Agent with any necessary endorsement.  Upon the request of the Administrative Agent, each of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries shall execute and deliver to the Administrative Agent any additional assignments and other documents as may be necessary or desirable to enable the Administrative Agent to directly collect the proceeds as set forth herein.

 

Section 5.4                                     Compliance with Laws .  Each Loan Party shall, and shall cause each of its Subsidiaries to, comply with all federal, state, and local laws and regulations (including Environmental Laws) which are applicable to the operations and Property of any Loan Party and maintain all related permits necessary for the ownership and operation of each Loan Party’s Property and business, except in any case where the failure to so comply could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change. Without limitation of the foregoing, the Borrower shall, and shall cause each of its Subsidiaries to, (a) maintain and possess all authorizations, Permits, licenses, trademarks, trade names, rights and copyrights which are necessary to the conduct of its business, except where the failure to so comply could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change, and (b) obtain, as soon as practicable, all consents or approvals required from any states of the United States (or other Governmental Authorities) necessary to grant the Administrative Agent an Acceptable Security Interest in at least 80% by value (or if an Event of Default exists and is continuing, 100% by value) of the Proven Reserves attributable to the Borrower’s and its Subsidiaries’ Oil and Gas Properties.

 

Section 5.5                                     Taxes .  Each Loan Party shall, and shall cause each of its Subsidiaries to pay and discharge all material taxes, assessments, and other charges and claims related thereto imposed on the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries prior to the date on which penalties attach other than any tax, assessment, charge, or claims which is being contested in good faith and for which adequate reserves have been established in compliance with GAAP.

 

Section 5.6                                     New Subsidiaries .  The Borrower shall deliver to the Administrative Agent each of the items set forth in Part A of Schedule III attached hereto with respect to each Subsidiary of the Borrower created after the Effective Date and within the time requirements set forth in Schedule III.

 

Section 5.7                                     Agreement to Pledge; Security .  Each Loan Party agrees that at all times, the Administrative Agent shall have an Acceptable Security Interest in the Collateral to secure the performance and payment of the Secured Obligations and that the Collateral shall include all Property in which a Lien secures the Second Lien Debt.  Each Loan Party shall, and shall cause each of its Subsidiaries to, grant to the Administrative Agent a Lien in any Property of such Loan Party or such

 

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Subsidiary now owned or hereafter acquired (other than owned or leased real property unless otherwise requested by the Administrative Agent) promptly and to take such actions as may be required under the Security Documents to ensure that the Administrative Agent has an Acceptable Security Interest in such Property.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Borrower shall, and shall cause each Subsidiary to take such actions, including execution and delivery of any Security Documents necessary to create, perfect and maintain an Acceptable Security Interest in favor of the Administrative Agent in 100% of Equity Interests issued by any Subsidiaries which are owned by the Borrower or any Subsidiary.

 

Section 5.8                                     Deposit Accounts .  For so long as the Second Lien Loan Documents are in effect and require that the Loan Parties grant a security interest in the Loan Parties’ deposit accounts, each Loan Party shall, and shall cause each of its Subsidiaries to maintain their principal operating accounts and other deposit accounts with a Lender or any other depositary institution reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent; provided that if such Loan Parties maintain such accounts with any depositary institution other than the Administrative Agent (x) with respect to deposit accounts established after the date of this agreement, such depositary institution executes an Account Control Agreement covering such accounts promptly upon the establishment of such accounts with such depositary institution, and (y) with respect to deposit accounts existing on the date of this Agreement, such depositary institution executes an Account Control Agreement covering such accounts on the Effective Date.

 

Section 5.9                                     Records; Inspection .  Each Loan Party shall, and shall cause each of its Subsidiaries to maintain proper, complete and consistent books of record with respect to such Person’s operations, affairs, and financial condition.  From time to time upon reasonable prior notice, each Loan Party shall permit any Lender and shall cause each of its Subsidiaries to permit any Lender, at such reasonable times and intervals and to a reasonable extent and under the reasonable guidance of officers of or employees delegated by officers of such Loan Party or such Subsidiary, to, subject to any applicable confidentiality considerations, examine and copy the books and records of such Loan Party or such Subsidiary, to visit and inspect the Property of such Loan Party or such Subsidiary, and to discuss the business operations and Property of such Loan Party or such Subsidiary with the officers and directors thereof.

 

Section 5.10                              Maintenance of Property .  Each Loan Party shall, and shall cause each of its Subsidiaries to, maintain their material owned, leased, or operated Property in good condition and repair, normal wear and tear excepted; and shall abstain from, cause each of its Subsidiaries to abstain from, and conduct due diligence with respect to any Properties to be acquired to confirm that the seller has abstained from, knowingly or willfully permitting the commission of waste or other injury, destruction, or loss of natural resources, or the occurrence of pollution, contamination, or any other condition in, on or about the owned or operated Property involving the Environment that could reasonably be expected to result in Response activities and that could reasonably be expected to cause a Material Adverse Change.

 

Section 5.11                              Title Evidence and Opinions .  The Borrower shall from time to time upon the reasonable request of the Administrative Agent, take such actions and execute and deliver such documents and instruments as the Administrative Agent shall require to ensure that the Administrative Agent shall, at all times, have received satisfactory title evidence, which title evidence shall be in form and substance acceptable to the Administrative Agent in its sole reasonable discretion and shall include information regarding the before payout and after payout ownership interests held by the Borrower and the Borrower’s Subsidiaries, for all wells located on the Oil and Gas Properties, covering at least (x) prior to the Post-Closing Deadline, 70% of the present value of the Proven Reserves of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries and (y) thereafter, 80% of the present value of the Proven Reserves of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, in each case, as reasonably determined by the Administrative Agent.

 

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Section 5.12                              Further Assurances; Cure of Title Defects .  The Borrower shall, and shall cause each Subsidiary to, cure promptly any defects in the creation and issuance of the Notes and the execution and delivery of the Security Documents, this Agreement and the other Loan Documents.  The Borrower hereby authorizes the Administrative Agent to file any financing statements without the signature of the Borrower or such Subsidiary, as applicable, to the extent permitted by applicable law in order to perfect or maintain the perfection of any security interest granted under any of the Loan Documents.  The Borrower at its expense will, and will cause each Subsidiary to, promptly execute and deliver to the Administrative Agent upon request all such other documents, agreements and instruments to comply with or accomplish the covenants and agreements of the Borrower or any Subsidiary, as the case may be, in the Security Documents and this Agreement, or to further evidence and more fully describe the collateral intended as security for the Obligations, or to correct any omissions in the Security Documents, or to state more fully the security obligations set out herein or in any of the Security Documents, or to perfect, protect or preserve any Liens created pursuant to any of the Security Documents, or to make any recordings, to file any notices or obtain any consents, all as may be necessary or appropriate in connection therewith or to enable the Administrative Agent to exercise and enforce its rights and remedies with respect to any Collateral.  Within 30 days after (a) a request by the Administrative Agent or the Lenders to cure any title defects or exceptions which are not Permitted Liens raised by such information or (b) a notice by the Administrative Agent that the Borrower has failed to comply with Section 5.11 above, the Borrower shall (i) cure such title defects or exceptions which are not Permitted Liens or substitute acceptable Oil and Gas Properties with no title defects or exceptions except for Permitted Liens covering Collateral of an equivalent value and (ii) deliver to the Administrative Agent satisfactory title evidence (including supplemental or new title opinions meeting the foregoing requirements) in form and substance acceptable to the Administrative Agent in its reasonable business judgment as to the Borrower’s and its Subsidiaries’ ownership of such Oil and Gas Properties and the Administrative Agent’s Liens and security interests therein as are required to maintain compliance with Section 5.11 .

 

Section 5.13                              Leases; Development and Maintenance .  The Borrower shall, and shall cause its Subsidiaries to, (a) pay and discharge promptly, or cause to be paid and discharged promptly, all rentals, delay rentals, royalties, overriding royalties, payments out of production and other indebtedness or obligations accruing under, and perform or cause to be performed each and every act, matter or thing required by each and all of, the oil and gas leases and all other agreements and contracts constituting or affecting the Oil and Gas Properties of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries (except where the amount thereof is being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings), (b) do all other things necessary to keep unimpaired its rights thereunder and prevent any forfeiture thereof or default thereunder, and operate or cause to be operated such Properties as a prudent operator would in accordance with industry standard practices and in compliance with all applicable proration and conservation Legal Requirements and any other Legal Requirements of every Governmental Authority, whether state, federal, municipal or other jurisdiction, from time to time constituted to regulate the development and operations of oil and gas properties and the production and sale of oil, gas and other Hydrocarbons therefrom, and (c) maintain (or cause to be maintained) the Leases, wells, units and acreage to which the Oil and Gas Properties of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries pertain in a prudent manner consistent with industry standard practices.

 

Section 5.14                              Post-Closing Requirement .  On or before September 22, 2014 (or such later date as is acceptable to the Administrative Agent in its sole discretion) (the “ Post-Closing Deadline ”), the Borrower shall provide to the Administrative Agent title evidence, in form and substance acceptable to the Administrative Agent in its sole reasonable discretion, which shall include information regarding the before payout and after payout ownership interests held by the Borrower and the Borrower’s Subsidiaries, for all wells located on the Oil and Gas Properties, covering at least 80% of the present value of the Proven Reserves of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, as reasonably determined by the Administrative Agent.

 

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ARTICLE 6
NEGATIVE COVENANTS

 

So long as any Obligation shall remain unpaid, any Lender shall have any Commitment hereunder, or there shall exist any Letter of Credit Exposure, each Loan Party agrees to comply with the following covenants.

 

Section 6.1                                     Debt .  No Loan Party shall, nor shall it permit any of its Subsidiaries to, create, assume, incur, or in any manner become liable, directly, indirectly, or contingently in respect of, any Debt other than the following (collectively, the “ Permitted Debt ”):

 

(a)                                  the Obligations;

 

(b)                                  intercompany Debt incurred in the ordinary course of business owed by any Loan Party to any other Loan Party; provided that such Debt is subordinated to the Obligations and is also permitted under Section 6.3 ;

 

(c)                                   Debt of any Subsidiary consisting of sureties or bonds provided to any Governmental Authority or other Person and assuring payment of contingent liabilities of a Loan Party in connection with the operation of its Oil and Gas Properties, including with respect to plugging, facility removal and abandonment of its Oil and Gas Properties, worker’s compensation claims, performance, bid or other surety or bond obligations;

 

(d)                                  purchase money indebtedness and Capital Leases of any Subsidiary in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed $5,000,000 at any time; provided no Loan Party may enter into additional indebtedness of the type described in this clause (d) if a Default is continuing or entering into the additional indebtedness could reasonably be expected to cause a Default; provided that, at any time that the Second Lien Loan Documents would prohibit the incurrence of Debt in the form of purchase money indebtedness, this clause (d) shall be deemed to exclude purchase money indebtedness;

 

(e)                                   Hedging Arrangements to the extent not prohibited under Section 6.15 ; provided that (i) such Debt shall not be secured, except such Debt owing to a Swap Counterparty that is secured under the Loan Documents, (ii) such Debt shall not obligate the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries to any margin call requirements including any requirement to post cash collateral, property collateral or a letter of credit, and (iii) such Debt shall not include any deferred premium payments associated with Hedge Arrangements;

 

(f)                                    Debt in the form of (i) accounts payable to trade creditors for goods or services (ii) payment obligations to a Banking Services Provider under commercial cards to the extent that such payment obligations arise in connection with the payment by such Banking Services Provider of accounts payable to trade creditors of the Loan Parties for goods or services, and (iii) current operating liabilities (other than for borrowed money) which in each case is (x) incurred in the ordinary course of business, as presently conducted and (y) not more than 90 days past due, unless contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings and adequate reserves for such items have been made in accordance with GAAP; and

 

(g)                                   Debt consisting of senior unsecured notes issuances (the “ Permitted Notes ”); provided that:

 

(i)                                      the Net Leverage Ratio (in the case of any issuance on or prior to June 30, 2015) or the Leverage Ratio (in the case of any issuance following June 30, 2015), as applicable, calculated on a pro forma basis after giving effect to the incurrence of such Debt, shall not be

 

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more than 3.50 to 1.00 and the Borrower is in pro forma compliance with Section 6.16(b)  after giving effect to any such issuance;

 

(ii)                                   the Availability shall not be less than 25% of the then existing Borrowing Base, after giving effect to the incurrence of such Debt and the corresponding reduction to the Borrowing Base pursuant to Section 2.2(e) ;

 

(iii)                                such Debt is not secured by any Lien;

 

(iv)                               no principal amount of such Debt matures earlier than six months after the Maturity Date;

 

(v)                                  such Debt shall not have any amortization or other requirement to purchase, redeem, retire, defease or otherwise make any payment in respect thereof, other than at scheduled maturity thereof and mandatory prepayments which are customary with respect to such type of Debt and that are triggered upon change in control and sale of all or substantially all assets;

 

(vi)                               the agreement or indenture governing any such Debt shall have covenants and restrictions that are no more restrictive than those set forth in the Second Lien Loan Documents, as in effect on the Effective Date; provided that the inclusion of any covenant that is customary with respect to such type of Debt and that is not found in this Agreement shall not be deemed to be more restrictive for purposes of this clause (vi);

 

(vii)                            no Default or Event of Default is occurring at the time of, or would occur as a result of, any such issuance;

 

(viii)                         the agreement or indenture governing any such debt shall not have any restriction (A) on the ability of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries to guarantee the Secured Obligations or to pledge assets as Collateral for the Secured Obligations, or (B) on the ability of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries to amend, modify, restate or otherwise supplement this Agreement or the other Loan Documents;

 

(ix)                               upon the issuance of any such Debt, the Borrowing Base shall be automatically reduced in accordance with and to the extent required by Section 2.2(e) ; and

 

(x)                                  any issuance of Debt pursuant to this Section 6.1(g)  shall be applied to repay any Second Lien Debt in full and the Second Lien Loan Documents shall be simultaneously terminated;

 

(h)                                  Second Lien Debt; provided that:

 

(i)                                      the aggregate principal amount of Second Lien Debt shall not exceed $430,000,000;

 

(ii)                                   no Second Lien Debt is permitted to be outstanding if any Permitted Notes have been issued or are outstanding;

 

(iii)                                the Net Leverage Ratio (in the case of any Second Lien Debt incurred on or prior to June 30, 2015) or the Leverage Ratio (in the case of any Second Lien Debt incurred following June 30, 2015), as applicable, calculated on a pro forma basis after giving effect to the incurrence

 

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of such Debt, shall not be more than 3.50 to 1.00 and the Borrower is in pro forma compliance with Section 6.16(b)  after giving effect to any such issuance;

 

(iv)                               the Availability shall not be less than 25% of the then existing Borrowing Base, after giving effect to the incurrence of such Debt and the corresponding reduction to the Borrowing Base pursuant to Section 2.2(e) ;

 

(v)                                  such Debt, if secured, is secured only by a Lien permitted by Section 6.2(l) ;

 

(vi)                               no principal amount of such Debt matures earlier than six months after the Maturity Date;

 

(vii)                            such Debt shall not have any amortization or other requirement to purchase, redeem, retire, defease or otherwise make any payment in respect thereof, other than at scheduled maturity thereof and mandatory prepayments which are customary with respect to such type of Debt and that are triggered upon change in control and sale of all or substantially all assets;

 

(viii)                         the agreement or indenture governing any such Debt shall have covenants and restrictions that are no more restrictive than those set forth in the Second Lien Loan Documents, as in effect on the Effective Date;

 

(ix)                               no Default or Event of Default is occurring at the time of, or would occur as a result of, any such issuance;

 

(x)                                  the agreement or indenture governing any such debt shall not have any restriction on the ability of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries to guarantee the Secured Obligations or to pledge assets as Collateral for the Secured Obligations; and

 

(xi)                               upon the issuance of any such Debt, the Borrowing Base shall be automatically reduced in accordance with and to the extent required by Section 2.2(e) ;

 

(i)                                      endorsements of negotiable instruments for collection in the ordinary course of business;

 

(j)                                     Debt owing to insurance providers and arising in connection with the financing of insurance premium payments;

 

(k)                                  Debt described in clause (k) of the definition thereof to the extent such guaranty obligations are made by one Loan Party in respect of permitted obligations of another Loan Party; provided that such guaranty would otherwise be Permitted Debt;

 

(l)                                      (x) at any time that the Second Lien Loan Documents are in effect, unsecured Debt not otherwise permitted under the preceding provisions of this Section 6.1 ; provided that, the aggregate outstanding principal amount thereof shall not exceed $2,000,000 at any time, and (y) at any time that the Second Lien Loan Documents are not in effect, Debt not otherwise permitted under the preceding provisions of this Section 6.1 ; provided that, the aggregate outstanding principal amount thereof shall not exceed $5,000,000 at any time.

 

Section 6.2                                     Liens .  No Loan Party shall, nor shall it permit any of its Subsidiaries to, create, assume, incur, or suffer to exist any Lien on the Property of any Loan Party or any Subsidiary, whether now owned or hereafter acquired, or assign any right to receive any income, other than the following (collectively, the “ Permitted Liens ”):

 

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(a)                                  Liens securing the Secured Obligations pursuant to the Security Documents;

 

(b)                                  Liens imposed by law, such as materialmen’s, mechanics’, carriers’, workmen’s and repairmen’s liens, and other similar liens arising in the ordinary course of business securing obligations which are not overdue for a period of more than 30 days or are being contested in good faith by appropriate procedures or proceedings and for which adequate reserves have been established;

 

(c)                                   Liens for Taxes, assessment, or other governmental charges which are not yet due and payable or which are being actively contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings and adequate reserves for such items have been made in accordance with GAAP;

 

(d)                                  Liens securing purchase money Debt or Capital Lease obligations permitted under Section 6.1(d) ; provided that (i) each such Lien encumbers only the Property purchased in connection with the creation of any such purchase money Debt or is the subject of any such Capital Lease, and all proceeds thereof (including insurance proceeds), and the amount secured thereby is not increased, and (ii) such Lien does not attach to any Oil and Gas Properties evaluated in the Reserve Report used in the most recent determination of the Borrowing Base; provided that, at any time that the Second Lien Loan Documents would prohibit a Lien securing purchase money Debt, this clause (d) shall be deemed to exclude purchase money Debt;

 

(e)                                   encumbrances consisting of minor easements, zoning restrictions, or other restrictions on the use of real property that do not (individually or in the aggregate) materially affect the value of the assets encumbered thereby or materially impair the ability of any Loan Party to use such assets in its business, and none of which is violated in any material aspect by existing or proposed structures or land use;

 

(f)                                    judgment and attachment Liens not giving rise to an Event of Default, provided that (i) any appropriate legal proceedings which may have been duly initiated for the review of such judgment shall not have been finally terminated or the period within which such proceeding may be initiated shall not have expired and (ii) no action to enforce such Lien has been commenced;

 

(g)                                   Liens in favor a banking institution arising by operation of law encumbering deposits in accounts that are not subject to Account Control Agreements and that are not required to be subject to Account Control Agreements in accordance with the terms hereof held by such banking institution incurred in the ordinary course of business and which are within the general parameters customary in the banking industry;

 

(h)                                  Liens arising under operating agreements, unitization and pooling agreements and orders, farmout agreements, gas balancing agreements, and other agreements, in each case that are customary in the oil, gas and mineral production business and that are entered into by any Loan Party in the ordinary course of business provided that (i) such Liens are taken into account in computing the net revenue interests and working interests of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries warranted in the Security Documents or this Agreement, (ii) such Liens do not secure borrowed money, (iii) such Liens secure amounts that are not yet due or are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings, if such reserve as may be required by GAAP shall have been made therefor, (iv) such Liens are limited to the assets that are the subject of such agreements, and (vi) such Liens, if in favor of an Affiliate of a Loan Party, is subordinated to the Obligations pursuant to a Subordination Agreement;

 

(i)                                      royalties, overriding royalties, net profits interests, production payments, reversionary interests, calls on production, preferential purchase rights and other burdens on or deductions from the proceeds of production, that do not secure Debt for borrowed money and that are taken into account in

 

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computing the net revenue interests and working interests of the Loan Parties warranted in the Security Documents or in this Agreement;

 

(j)                                     pledges or deposits made in the ordinary course of business in compliance with workers’ compensation, unemployment insurance or other social security laws or regulations;

 

(k)                                  Liens on property not constituting Collateral and not otherwise permitted by the foregoing clauses of this Section 6.2 ; provided that the aggregate principal or face amount of all Debt secured under this Section 6.2(k)  shall not exceed $500,000; and

 

(l)                                      Liens securing Second Lien Debt to the extent permitted under the Intercreditor Agreement; provided that, subject to the terms of the Intercreditor Agreement, (i) the collateral with respect to which a Lien is granted as security for the Second Lien Debt shall be limited to the Collateral hereunder and (ii) the Liens securing the Obligations shall be senior to the Liens securing the Second Lien Debt.

 

Section 6.3                                     Investments .  No Loan Party shall, nor shall it permit any of its Subsidiaries to, make or hold (x) any direct or indirect investment in any Person, including capital contributions to the Person, investments in or the acquisition of the debt or equity securities of the Person, or (y) any loans, guaranties, trade credit, or other extensions of credit to any Person, other than the following (collectively, the “ Permitted Investments ”):

 

(a)                                  investments in the form of trade credit to customers of a Loan Party arising in the ordinary course of business and represented by accounts from such customers;

 

(b)                                  investments in the form of Cash and Liquid Investments held by a Loan Party;

 

(c)                                   loans, advances and equity contributions by a Loan Party to any other Loan Party;

 

(d)                                  creation of any additional Subsidiaries domiciled in the U.S. in compliance with Section 5.6 and Schedule III ;

 

(e)                                   investments (i) in direct ownership interests in additional Oil and Gas Properties and gas gathering systems related thereto (including, for the avoidance of doubt, the acquisition of 100% of the Equity Interests of a Person owning such assets) or (ii) related to oil and gas mineral interests and leases owned by a Loan Party or a Person that will become a Loan Party upon acquisition of such Person by a Loan Party, farm-out, farm-in, joint operating, joint venture, participation or area of mutual interest agreements, gathering and processing systems, pipelines and other midstream assets or other similar arrangements in each case, which are related or ancillary to Oil and Gas Properties owned by the Loan Parties and which are usual and customary in the oil and gas exploration and production business located within the geographic boundaries of the United States of America; provided that (i) if requested by the Administrative Agent, such assets are pledged as Collateral pursuant to Section 5.7 ; (ii) no Default, Event of Default or Borrowing Base Deficiency shall exist after giving effect thereto, (iii) so long as the Second Lien Loan Documents remain in effect and contain a similar prohibition, any such investment is not the purchase or acquisition (in one or a series of transactions) of Property of another Person that constitutes a business unit, unless such acquisition is an acquisition of 100% of the Equity Interests of such person; and (iv) if any investment is in the form of an acquisition of the Equity Interests of a Person, such Person shall become a Loan Party pursuant to Section 5.6 ;

 

(f)                                    loans or advances to Managers (i) in the ordinary course of business of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries the proceeds of which are used for purposes other than acquiring Equity Interests

 

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in the Borrower, in each case only as permitted by applicable law, in an aggregate principal amount outstanding not to exceed $1,000,000 at any time and (ii) with the Required Manager Loan Terms to enable Managers to purchase Equity Interests in the Borrower directly from the Borrower in an aggregate principal amount outstanding not to exceed $5,367,600 at any time (each such purchase, a “ Borrower Financed Manager Purchase ”); and

 

(g)                                   (x) at any time that the Second Lien Loan Documents are in effect, other investments in an aggregate amount not to exceed $1,000,000 and (y) at any time that the Second Lien Loan Documents are not in effect, other investments in an aggregate amount not to exceed $5,000,000.

 

Section 6.4                                     Acquisitions .  No Loan Party shall, nor shall it permit any of its Subsidiaries to, make any Acquisition (other than any action that would otherwise be permitted by Section 6.3 to the extent such action constitutes an Acquisition) without the consent of the Majority Lenders.

 

Section 6.5                                     Agreements Restricting Liens .

 

(a)                                  No Loan Party shall, nor shall it permit any of its Subsidiaries to, create, incur, assume or permit to exist any contract, agreement or understanding which in any way prohibits or restricts the granting, conveying, creation or imposition of any Lien on any of its Property, whether now owned or hereafter acquired, to secure the Secured Obligations or restricts any Subsidiary from paying Restricted Payments to the Borrower, or which requires the consent of or notice to other Persons in connection therewith, other than (i) this Agreement, (ii) the Loan Documents, (iii) agreements governing Debt permitted by Sections 6.1(d)  to the extent such restrictions govern only the asset financed pursuant to such Debt, (iv) any prohibition or limitation that exists pursuant to applicable requirements of a Governmental Authority and (v) the Second Lien Loan Documents.

 

(b)                                  No Loan Party shall, nor shall it permit any of its Subsidiaries to, create or otherwise cause or suffer to exist or become effective any consensual encumbrance or restriction on the ability of any Loan Party or any Subsidiary thereof to (i) pay dividends or make any other distributions to any Loan Party or any Subsidiary on its Equity Interests or with respect to any other interest or participation in, or measured by, its profits, (ii) pay any Debt or other obligation owed to any Loan Party or (iii) make loans or advances to any Loan Party, except in each case for such encumbrances or restrictions existing under or by reason of (A) this Agreement and the other Loan Documents, (B) the Second Lien Loan Documents, (C) the agreements and instruments governing the Permitted Notes and (D) applicable Legal Requirements.

 

Section 6.6                                     Use of Proceeds; Use of Letters of Credit .  No Loan Party shall, nor shall it permit any of its Subsidiaries to: (a) use the proceeds of the Loans or the Letters of Credit for any purposes other than (i) working capital purposes of any Loan Party, (ii) capital and operating expenditures of any Loan Party, or (iii) other general corporate purposes of any Loan Party.  No Loan Party shall, nor shall it permit any of its Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly, use any part of the proceeds of Loans or Letters of Credit for any purpose which violates, or is inconsistent with, Regulations T, U, or X. If requested by the Administrative Agent, the Borrower will furnish to the Administrative Agent and each Lender a statement to the foregoing effect in conformity with the requirements of FR Form U-1 or such other form referred to in Regulations T, U, or X of the Federal Reserve Board, as the case may be.

 

Section 6.7                                     Corporate Actions; Accounting Changes .

 

(a)                                  No Loan Party shall, nor shall it permit any of its Subsidiaries to, merge or consolidate with or into any other Person, except that the Borrower may merge with any Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of the Borrower, and any Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of the Borrower may merge or be consolidated with

 

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or into any other Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of the Borrower; provided that (i) in any merger involving the Borrower, the Borrower shall be the surviving entity, and (ii) at the time of any such merger or consolidation and immediately after giving effect thereto, no Default, Event of Default or Borrowing Base Deficiency shall have occurred and the Administrative Agent shall continue to have an Acceptable Security Interest in the Collateral.

 

(b)                                  No Loan Party shall, nor shall it permit any of its Subsidiaries to, (i) without 30 days (or such earlier date as may be accepted in writing by the Administrative Agent in its sole discretion from time to time) prior written notice to the Administrative Agent, change its name, change its state of incorporation, formation or organization, change its organizational identification number or reorganize in another jurisdiction, (ii) create or suffer to exist any Subsidiary not existing on the date of this Agreement, provided that, the Borrower may create or acquire a new Subsidiary if the Loan Parties and such new Subsidiary complies with Section 5.6 and Schedule III, and such transactions otherwise comply with the terms of this Agreement, (iii) sell or otherwise dispose of any of its ownership interest in any of its Subsidiaries, or in any manner rearrange its business structure as it exists on the date of this Agreement (except as would be permitted by Section 6.7(a)  or Section 6.8 ), (iv) change its method of accounting employed in the preparation of the financial statements referred to in Section 4.4 or change the last day of its fiscal year from December 31 of each year, or the last days of the first three fiscal quarters in each of its fiscal years from March 31, June 30 and September 30 of each year, respectively, unless required to conform to GAAP or approved in writing by the Administrative Agent, or (v) reorganize in any jurisdiction other than the United States and any subdivision thereof.

 

(c)                                   No Loan Party shall, nor shall it permit any of its Subsidiaries to, (i) without prior written notice to, and prior consent of, the Administrative Agent, amend, supplement, modify or restate its articles or certificate of incorporation or formation, limited partnership agreement, bylaws, limited liability company agreements, or other equivalent organizational documents in a manner materially adverse to the Lenders, or (ii) without prior written consent of the Administrative Agent and the Required Lenders (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld), amend, supplement, modify or restate the LLC Agreement, the Transition Services Agreement in a manner materially adverse to the Lenders.

 

Section 6.8                                     Sale of Assets .  No Loan Party shall, nor shall it permit any of its Subsidiaries to, sell, convey, or otherwise transfer any of its Property (including, without limitation, any working interest, overriding royalty interest, production payments, net profits interest, royalty interest, or mineral fee interest) other than, so long as no Default or Event of Default exists or would result therefrom:

 

(a)                                  the sale of Hydrocarbons (other than Oil and Gas Properties) or Liquid Investments in the ordinary course of business,

 

(b)                                  Asset Sales of equipment that is (i) obsolete, worn out or uneconomic and disposed of in the ordinary course of business, (ii) no longer necessary for the business of such Person or (iii) contemporaneously replaced by equipment of at least comparable value and use,

 

(c)                                   Asset Sales of Property between or among Loan Parties; provided that, if such Property is Collateral, the Loan Party receiving such Property will reaffirm the Lien in such Collateral in form and substance acceptable to the Administrative Agent;

 

(d)                                  Asset Sales of Oil and Gas Properties to which no Proven Reserves are attributable and which is not Collateral or which is not otherwise required pursuant to the terms of this Agreement to be Collateral;

 

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(e)                                   so long as no Default, Event of Default or Borrowing Base Deficiency exists or would result therefrom (after giving effect to any prepayment required under Section 2.5(c) ), the Asset Sale of Oil and Gas Properties which are attributable to Proven Reserves; provided that, (A) if such properties are classified as developed, then at least 80% of the consideration received by the Loan Party in respect of such Asset Sale shall be cash or cash equivalents, (B) if such properties are not classified as developed, then the consideration received by the Loan Party in respect of such Asset Sale shall be (i) cash or cash equivalents, (ii) other Oil and Gas Properties classified as Proven Reserves or (iii) a combination of the foregoing, (C) the consideration received in respect of such Asset Sale shall be equal to or greater than the fair market value of such Oil and Gas Properties, interest therein or Subsidiary subject of such Asset Sale (as reasonably determined by the board of directors or the equivalent governing body of the Borrower and, if requested by the Administrative Agent, the Borrower shall deliver a certificate of a Responsible Officer of the Borrower certifying to that effect), (D) if any such Asset Sale is of a Subsidiary owning Oil and Gas Properties, such Asset Sale shall include all the Equity Interests of such Subsidiary; and (E) if, upon the consummation of any such Asset Sale of Oil and Gas Properties, the BB Variation Amount shall exceed 5% of the most recently redetermined Borrowing Base, then the Borrowing Base shall be reduced in accordance with Section 2.2(e) ;

 

(f)                                    so long as no Default, Event of Default or Borrowing Base Deficiency exists or would result therefrom (after giving effect to any prepayment required under Section 2.5(c) ), Asset Sales consisting of the unwinding, novation, amendment, restructuring or other termination of Hedging Arrangements; provided that, (i) 100% of the consideration received in respect of such Asset Sale shall be cash or cash or Liquid Investments or other Hedging Arrangements, (ii) the consideration received in respect of such Asset Sale shall be equal to or greater than the fair market value of such Hedging Arrangements; and (iii) if, upon such novation, amendment, restructuring, unwind or other termination of any such Hedging Arrangement, the BB Variation Amount shall exceed 5% of the most recently redetermined Borrowing Base, then the Borrowing Base shall be reduced in accordance with Section 2.2(e) ;

 

(g)                                   subject to Section 2.5(c) , the issuance of Equity Interests (other than Disqualified Capital Stock) in the Borrower for cash, including for the avoidance of doubt, the issuance of Equity Interests (other than Disqualified Capital Stock) financed pursuant to a Borrower Financed Manager Purchase; and

 

(h)                                  Asset Sales of Property not constituting Oil and Gas Properties and not otherwise permitted by this Section 6.8 , the aggregate consideration of which shall not exceed $5,000,000 during the term of this Agreement.

 

Section 6.9                                     Restricted Payments .  No Loan Party shall make, nor shall it permit any of its Subsidiaries to make, any Restricted Payments except that so long as no Default, Event of Default or Borrowing Base Deficiency exists or would result therefrom:

 

(a)                                  the Subsidiaries of the Borrower may make Restricted Payments to the Borrower or any other Loan Party that is a Subsidiary of the Borrower,

 

(b)                                  the Borrower may make Permitted Tax Distributions to its partners;

 

(c)                                   any Loan Party or Subsidiary may declare and pay dividends with respect to its Equity Interests payable solely in additional shares or units of its Equity Interests;

 

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(d)                                  the Loan Parties may make Restricted Payments in respect of subordinated Debt permitted pursuant to Section 6.1 ; provided that such Restricted Payments are permitted pursuant to Section 6.17 ;

 

(e)                                   the Loan Parties may make Restricted Payments pursuant to and in accordance with equity incentive plans or other benefit plans for management or employees or directors of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries; and

 

(f)                                    the Loan Parties may effect the repurchase, redemption, acquisition, cancellation or other retirement for value of the Borrower’s Equity Interests and the termination of options to purchase Equity Interests of the Borrower, in each instance, held by a former or current directors, officers and employees (or their estates, spouses or former spouses) of any Loan Party upon their death, disability, retirement or termination of employment for a maximum cash consideration not to exceed $1,000,000 in any fiscal year.

 

Section 6.10                              Affiliate Transactions .  No Loan Party shall, nor shall it permit any of its Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly, enter into or permit to exist any transaction or series of transactions (including, but not limited to, the purchase, sale, lease or exchange of Property, the making of any investment, the giving of any guaranty, the assumption of any obligation or the rendering of any service) with any of its Affiliates which are not Loan Parties unless such transaction or series of transactions is on terms no less favorable to the Borrower or any Subsidiary, as applicable, than those that could be obtained in a comparable arm’s length transaction with a Person that is not such an Affiliate except the restrictions in this Section 6.10 shall not apply to: (w) the Transition Services Agreement, (x) compensation arrangements and customary indemnification agreements for directors (or the members of the comparable governing body), officers and other employees of the Borrower and the other Loan Parties entered into in the ordinary course of business, (y) Restricted Payments permitted by Section 6.9 or (z) any loans or advances permitted by Section 6.3(f) .

 

Section 6.11                              Line of Business; No International Operations .  The Borrower will not, and will not permit any other Loan Party to, allow any material change to be made in the character of its business as an independent oil and gas exploration and production company.  The Borrower will not, and will not permit any other Loan Party to, acquire or make any other expenditure (whether such expenditure is capital, operating or otherwise) in or related to, any Oil and Gas Properties not located within the geographical boundaries of the United States, excluding the outer continental shelf thereof.

 

Section 6.12                              Hazardous Materials .  No Loan Party (a) shall, nor shall it permit any of its Subsidiaries to, create, handle, transport, use, or dispose of any Hazardous Substance, Hazardous Waste or Oil and Gas Waste, except in the ordinary course of its business and except in compliance with Environmental Law other than to the extent that such non-compliance could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to result in a material liability of a Loan Party or in any liability to the Lenders or the Administrative Agent, and (b) shall, nor shall it permit any of its Subsidiaries to, release any Hazardous Substance, Hazardous Waste or Oil and Gas Waste into the Environment or Natural Resource and shall not permit any Loan Party’s or any Subsidiary’s Property to be subjected to any Release of Hazardous Substance, Hazardous Waste or Oil and Gas Waste, except in compliance with Environmental Law other than to the extent that such non-compliance could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to result in a material liability of a Loan Party or in any liability to the Lenders or the Administrative Agent.

 

Section 6.13                              Compliance with ERISA .  Except for matters that individually or in the aggregate could not reasonably be expected to result in liability of a Loan Party in an aggregate amount exceeding $5,000,000 for all periods, no Loan Party shall, nor shall it permit any of its Subsidiaries to, directly or

 

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indirectly: (a) engage in any transaction in connection with which the Borrower or any Subsidiary could be subjected to either a civil penalty assessed pursuant to section 502(c), (i) or (l) of ERISA or a tax imposed by Chapter 43 of Subtitle D of the Code; (b) terminate, or permit any member of the Controlled Group to terminate, any Plan in a manner, or take any other action with respect to any Plan, which could result in any liability to the Borrower, any Subsidiary or any member of the Controlled Group to the PBGC; (c) fail to make, or permit any member of the Controlled Group to fail to make, full payment when due of all amounts which, under the provisions of any Plan, agreement relating thereto or applicable law, the Borrower, a Subsidiary or member of the Controlled Group is required to pay as contributions thereto; (d) permit to exist, or allow any Subsidiary or any member of the Controlled Group to permit to exist, any accumulated funding deficiency (or unpaid minimum required contribution for plan years after December 31, 2007) within the meaning of Section 302 of ERISA or section 412 of the Code, whether or not waived, with respect to any Plan; (e) permit, or allow any member of the Controlled Group to permit, the actuarial present value of the benefit liabilities (as “actuarial present value of the benefit liabilities” shall have the meaning specified in section 4041 of ERISA) under any Plan that is regulated under Title IV of ERISA to exceed the current value of the assets (computed on a plan termination basis in accordance with Title IV of ERISA) of such Plan allocable to such benefit liabilities; (f) contribute to or assume an obligation to contribute to, or permit any member of the Controlled Group to contribute to or assume an obligation to contribute to, any Multiemployer Plan; (g) acquire, or permit any member of the Controlled Group to acquire, an interest in any Person that causes such Person to become a member of the Controlled Group if such Person sponsors, maintains or contributes to, or at any time in the six-year period preceding such acquisition has sponsored, maintained, or contributed to, (1) any Multiemployer Plan, or (2) any other Plan that is subject to Title IV of ERISA under which the actuarial present value of the benefit liabilities under such Plan exceeds the current value of the assets (computed on a plan termination basis in accordance with Title IV of ERISA) of such Plan allocable to such benefit liabilities; (h) incur, or permit any member of the Controlled Group to incur, a liability to or on account of a Plan under sections 515, 4062, 4063, 4064, 4201 or 4204 of ERISA; (i) contribute to or assume an obligation to contribute to any employee welfare benefit plan, as defined in section 3(1) of ERISA, maintained to provide benefits to former employees of such entities, that may not be terminated by such entities in their sole discretion at any time without any liability; or (j) so long as the Second Lien Loan Documents remain in effect and contain a similar restriction, amend, or permit any other member of the Controlled Group to amend, a Plan resulting in an increase in current liability such that the Borrower, any other Loan Party or any other member of the Controlled Group is required to provide security to such Plan under Section 401(a)(29) of the Code. So long as the Second Lien Loan Documents remain in effect and contain a similar restriction, the Borrower will not, and will not permit any other Loan Party to, at any time: (x) contribute to or assume an obligation to contribute to, or permit any other member of the Controlled Group to contribute to or assume an obligation to contribute to, any Multiemployer Plan; or (y) acquire, or permit any other member of the Controlled Group to acquire, an interest in any Person that causes such Person to become a member of the Controlled Group with respect to the Borrower or any other Loan Party or with respect to any other member of the Controlled Group of the Borrower or any other Loan Party if such Person sponsors, maintains or contributes to, or at any time in the six-year period preceding such acquisition has sponsored, maintained, or contributed to, any Multiemployer Plan.

 

Section 6.14                              Sale and Leaseback Transactions .  No Loan Party shall, nor shall it permit any of its Subsidiaries to, sell or transfer to a Person any Property, whether now owned or hereafter acquired, if at the time or thereafter the Borrower or a Subsidiary shall lease as lessee such Property or any part thereof or other Property which the Borrower or a Subsidiary intends to use for substantially the same purpose as the Property sold or transferred.

 

Section 6.15                              Limitation on Hedging .  No Loan Party shall, nor shall it permit any of its Subsidiaries to:

 

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(a)                                  purchase, assume, or hold a speculative position in any commodities market or futures market or enter into any Hedging Arrangement for speculative purposes; or

 

(b)                                  be party to, enter into, or otherwise maintain any Hedging Arrangement which:

 

(i)                                      is entered into for reasons other than as a part of its normal business operations as a risk management strategy and/or hedge against changes resulting from market conditions related to the Borrower’s or its Subsidiaries’ operations, or

 

(ii)                                   at any time that the Second Lien Loan Documents are in effect and contain a similar restriction, covers (calculated separately for each type of Hydrocarbon):

 

(A)                                notional volumes (in the aggregate, taking into account all other Hedging Arrangements entered into by the Loan Parties) in excess of 80% of the reasonably anticipated projected production of gas volumes from existing producing wells on Oil and Gas Properties classified as Proven Reserves of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries (based on projections prepared by the Borrower and acceptable to the Second Lien Administrative Lenders), for each month during the period such Hedging Arrangement is in effect,

 

(B)                                notional volumes (in the aggregate, taking into account all other Hedging Arrangements entered into by the Loan Parties) in excess of 80% of the reasonably anticipated projected production of natural gas liquids volumes from existing producing wells on Oil and Gas Properties classified as Proven Reserves of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries (based on projections prepared by the Borrower and acceptable to the Second Lien Administrative Lenders), for each month during the period such Hedging Arrangement is in effect

 

(C)                                notional volumes (in the aggregate, taking into account all other Hedging Arrangements entered into by the Loan Parties) in excess of 80% of the reasonably anticipated projected production of oil volumes from existing producing wells on Oil and Gas Properties classified as Proven Reserves of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries (based on projections prepared by the Borrower and acceptable to the Second Lien Administrative Lenders), for each month during the period such Hedging Arrangement is in effect

 

provided, however, that the volume limitations shall not apply to put option contracts that are not related to corresponding calls, collars or swaps, or

 

(iii)                                covers (calculated separately for each type of Hydrocarbon), for the first two years following any date of determination:

 

(A)                                notional volumes (in the aggregate, taking into account all other Hedging Arrangements entered into by the Loan Parties) in excess of the greater of (x) 100% of the anticipated production of gas volumes attributable to PDP Reserves of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries and (y) 85% of the anticipated production of gas volumes attributable to total Proven Reserves of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, as reflected in the most recently delivered Reserve Report under Section 2.2 for each month during the period such Hedging Arrangement is in effect,

 

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(B)                                notional volumes (in the aggregate, taking into account all other Hedging Arrangements entered into by the Loan Parties) in excess of the greater of (x) 100% of the anticipated production of natural gas liquids volumes attributable to PDP Reserves of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries and (y) 85% of the anticipated production of natural gas liquids volumes attributable to total Proven Reserves of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, as reflected in the most recently delivered Reserve Report under Section 2.2 for each month during the period such Hedging Arrangement is in effect, or

 

(C)                                notional volumes (in the aggregate, taking into account all other Hedging Arrangements entered into by the Loan Parties) in excess of the greater of (x) 100% of the anticipated production of oil volumes attributable to PDP Reserves of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries and (y) 85% of the anticipated production of oil volumes attributable to total Proven Reserves of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, as reflected in the most recently delivered Reserve Report under Section 2.2 for each month during the period such Hedging Arrangement is in effect;

 

provided, however, that the volume limitations shall not apply to put option contracts that are not related to corresponding calls, collars or swaps, or

 

(iv)                               covers (calculated separately for each type of Hydrocarbon), for the third, fourth and fifth years following any date of determination:

 

(A)                                notional volumes (in the aggregate, taking into account all other Hedging Arrangements entered into by the Loan Parties) in excess of the greater of (x) 85% of the anticipated production of gas volumes attributable to PDP Reserves of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries and (y) 65% of the anticipated production of gas volumes attributable to total Proven Reserves of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, as reflected in the most recently delivered Reserve Report under Section 2.2 for each month during the period such Hedging Arrangement is in effect,

 

(B)                                notional volumes (in the aggregate, taking into account all other Hedging Arrangements entered into by the Loan Parties) in excess of the greater of (x) 85% of the anticipated production of natural gas liquids volumes attributable to PDP Reserves of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries and (y) 65% of the anticipated production of natural gas liquids volumes attributable to total Proven Reserves of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, as reflected in the most recently delivered Reserve Report under Section 2.2 for each month during the period such Hedging Arrangement is in effect, or

 

(C)                                notional volumes (in the aggregate, taking into account all other Hedging Arrangements entered into by the Loan Parties) in excess of the greater of (x) 85% of the anticipated production of oil volumes attributable to PDP Reserves of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries and (y) 65% of the anticipated production of oil volumes attributable to total Proven Reserves of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, as reflected in the most recently delivered Reserve Report under Section 2.2 for each month during the period such Hedging Arrangement is in effect;

 

provided, however, that the volume limitations shall not apply to put option contracts that are not related to corresponding calls, collars or swaps, or

 

(v)                                  is longer than 60 months in duration from the date such Hedging Arrangement is entered into; provided that, at any time that the Second Lien Loan Documents are in effect and

 

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contain a similar restriction, the foregoing 60 month period shall be deemed to be limited to 36 months;

 

(vi)                               is secured (unless such Hedging Arrangement is with a Swap Counterparty and is secured by the Collateral pursuant to the Loan Documents) or obligates any Loan Party to any margin call requirements or otherwise requires the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries to put up money, assets or other security or includes any deferred premium payment; provided that this clause (vi) shall not prohibit the Loan Parties from posting or agreeing to post Letters of Credit in an aggregate amount not to exceed $10,000,000 (when combined with the amount under Section 6.15(c)(v), below) at any time to the counterparties under such Hedging Arrangements; or

 

(vii)                            is with a counterparty other than a Lender, an Affiliate of a Lender or an Approved Counterparty; or

 

(c)                                   be party to, enter into, or otherwise maintain any Hedging Arrangement which relates to interest rates if:

 

(i)                                      such Hedging Arrangement relates to payment obligations on Debt which is not permitted to be incurred under Section 6.1 above,

 

(ii)                                   the aggregate notional amount of all such Hedging Arrangements exceeds 75% of the anticipated outstanding principal balance of the Debt under this Agreement to be hedged by such Hedging Arrangements, or if the term of such Hedging Arrangements extends beyond the Maturity Date,

 

(iii)                                such Hedging Arrangement is with a counterparty other than a Lender, an Affiliate of a Lender or an Approved Counterparty,

 

(iv)                               as to any such Hedging Arrangement covering the Debt incurred under this Agreement, such Hedging Arrangement is made by the Borrower or one of its Subsidiaries with a counterparty that is not a Lender or an Affiliate of a Lender,

 

(v)                                  is secured (unless such Hedging Arrangement is with a Swap Counterparty and is secured by the Collateral pursuant to the Loan Documents) or obligates any Loan Party to any margin call requirements or otherwise requires the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries to put up money, assets or other security or includes any deferred premium payment; provided that this clause (vi) shall not prohibit the Loan Parties from posting or agreeing to post Letters of Credit in an aggregate amount not to exceed $10,000,000 (when combined with the amount under Section 6.15(b)(vi), above) at any time to the counterparties under such Hedging Arrangements, or

 

(vi)                               the floating rate index of such Hedging Arrangement does not generally match the index used to determine the floating rates of interest on the corresponding Debt to be hedged by such Hedging Arrangement.

 

Section 6.16                              Financial Covenants.

 

(a)                                  Leverage Ratio .  For each fiscal quarter ending prior to September 30, 2015, beginning with the fiscal quarter ending September 30, 2014, the Borrower shall not permit the Net Leverage Ratio as of each fiscal quarter end to be more than 4.00 to 1.00. For each fiscal quarter ending on or after September 30, 2015, the Borrower shall not permit the Leverage Ratio as of each fiscal quarter end, to be more than 4.00 to 1.00.

 

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(b)                                  Current Ratio . The Borrower shall not permit the ratio of, as of the last day of each fiscal quarter of the Borrower, beginning with the fiscal quarter ending September 30, 2014, the Borrower’s and its consolidated Subsidiaries’ (a) consolidated current assets to (b) consolidated current liabilities, to be less than 1.00 to 1.00.  For purposes of this calculation (i) “current assets” shall include, as of the date of calculation, the Availability but shall exclude any asset representing a valuation account arising from the application of ASC 815, and (ii) “current liabilities” shall exclude, as of the date of calculation, the current portion of long—term Debt existing under this Agreement and any liabilities representing a valuation account arising from the application of ASC 815.

 

Section 6.17                              Prepayment of Certain Debt and Other Obligations .  No Loan Party shall, nor shall it permit any of its Subsidiaries to, prepay, redeem, purchase, defease, terminate, novate, unwind or otherwise satisfy prior to the scheduled maturity or expiration thereof in any manner, or make any payment in violation of any subordination terms of, any Debt, except (a) the prepayment of the Obligations in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, (b) regularly scheduled or required repayments or redemptions of Permitted Debt (other than Second Lien Debt except as permitted pursuant to Section 6.20 ) and refinancings and refundings of such Permitted Debt so long as such refinancings and refundings would otherwise comply with Section 6.1 or Section 6.20 , as applicable, and (c) so long as no Event of Default or Borrowing Base Deficiency exists or would result therefrom, other prepayments of Permitted Debt (other than Second Lien Debt except as permitted pursuant to Section 6.20 ) not described in the immediately preceding clauses (a) and (b) and Asset Sales of Hedging Arrangements.

 

Section 6.18                              Gas Imbalances, Take-or-Pay or Other Prepayments .  The Borrower shall not, nor shall it permit any of its Subsidiaries to, allow gas imbalances (other than those imbalances which (a) occur in the normal course of business and (b) do not exceed the greater of (x) 2% of the value of the Proven Reserves of the Loan Parties and (y) 5% of the value of the aggregate annual production of Hydrocarbons of the Loan Parties), take-or-pay obligations or prepayments with respect to the Oil and Gas Properties of the Borrower or any Subsidiary which would require the Borrower or any Subsidiary to deliver their respective Hydrocarbons produced on a monthly basis from such Oil and Gas Properties at some future time without then or thereafter receiving full payment therefor.

 

Section 6.19                              Sale or Discount of Receivables .  Except for receivables obtained by the Borrower or any Subsidiary out of the ordinary course of business or the settlement of joint interest billing accounts in the ordinary course of business or discounts granted to settle collection of accounts receivable or the sale of defaulted accounts arising in the ordinary course of business in connection with the compromise or collection thereof and not in connection with any financing transaction, neither the Borrower nor any Subsidiary will discount or sell (with or without recourse) to any other Person that is not the Borrower any of its notes receivable or accounts receivable.

 

Section 6.20                              Second Lien Debt .  None of the Borrower nor any Subsidiary of the Borrower shall (a) make any optional, mandatory or scheduled payments on account of principal (whether by redemption, purchase, retirement, defeasance, set off or otherwise), interest, premiums and fees in respect of the Second Lien Debt; provided that, (i) so long as no Default, Event of Default, or Borrowing Base Deficiency shall have occurred before or after giving effect thereto, the Borrower may make regularly scheduled cash payments of interest on the Second Lien Debt due and payable in accordance with the terms of the Second Lien Credit Agreement and other Second Lien Loan Documents, (ii) so long as no Default, Event of Default, or Borrowing Base Deficiency shall have occurred before or after giving effect thereto, the Borrower may repay principal on the Second Lien Debt with the net cash proceeds of Debt issued pursuant to Section 6.1(g)  within 5 Business Days after receiving such proceeds, and (iii) so long as no Default, Event of Default, or Borrowing Base Deficiency shall have occurred before or after giving effect thereto, the Borrower may prepay the Second Lien Debt in full with the net cash proceeds of other Second Lien Debt permitted under Section 6.1(h) , in connection with any refinancing permitted under the

 

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terms of the Intercreditor Agreement or (b) except as otherwise permitted by the terms of the Intercreditor Agreement, amend, supplement, refinance or otherwise modify the terms of the Second Lien Debt, the Second Lien Credit Agreement or any other Second Lien Loan Document.

 

Section 6.21                              Limitation on Leases .  The Borrower will not, and will not permit any other Loan Party to, create, incur, assume or suffer to exist any obligation for the payment of rent or hire of Property of any kind whatsoever (real or personal but excluding Capital Leases to the extent such Capital Leases do not go beyond the value and terms of the leased property and leases of Hydrocarbon Interests), under leases or lease agreements which would cause the aggregate amount of all payments made by the Borrower and the other Loan Parties pursuant to all such leases or lease agreements, including any residual payments at the end of any lease, to exceed $5,000,000 in any period of twelve consecutive calendar months during the life of such leases.

 

Section 6.22                              Subsidiaries .  The Borrower will not, and will not permit any other Loan Party to, create or acquire any additional Subsidiary unless such subsidiary is a Wholly-Owned Subsidiary and the Borrower gives written notice to the Administrative Agent of such creation or acquisition and complies with Section 5.6 .  The Borrower shall not, and shall not permit any Subsidiary to, sell, assign or otherwise dispose of any Equity Interests in any Subsidiary except in compliance with Section 6.7 or Section 6.8 , as applicable.  Neither the Borrower nor any Subsidiary shall have any Subsidiary that is a Foreign Subsidiary.

 

Section 6.23                              Marketing Activities .  The Borrower will not, and will not permit any other Loan Party to, engage in marketing activities for any Hydrocarbons or enter into any contracts related thereto other than (a) contracts for the sale of Hydrocarbons scheduled or reasonably estimated to be produced from their proved Oil and Gas Properties during the period of such contract, (b) contracts for the sale of Hydrocarbons scheduled or reasonably estimated to be produced from proved Oil and Gas Properties of third parties during the period of such contract associated with the Oil and Gas Properties of the Borrower and the other Loan Parties that the Borrower or one of the other Loan Parties has the right to market pursuant to joint operating agreements, unitization agreements or other similar contracts that are usual and customary in the oil and gas business and (c) other contracts for the purchase and/or sale of Hydrocarbons of third parties (i) which have generally offsetting provisions ( i.e. , corresponding pricing mechanics, delivery dates and points and volumes) such that no “position” is taken and (ii) for which appropriate credit support has been taken to alleviate the material credit risks of the counterparty thereto.

 

Section 6.24                              Sanctions .  The Borrower shall not, and shall not permit any other Loan Party, to directly or indirectly, use the proceeds of any Borrowing, or lend, contribute or otherwise make available such proceeds to any Subsidiary, joint venture partner or other individual or entity, to fund any activities of or business with any individual or entity, or in any Designated Jurisdiction, that, at the time of such funding, is the subject of Sanctions, or in any other manner that will result in a violation by any individual or entity (including any individual or entity participating in the transaction, whether as Lender, Issuing Lender, Administrative Agent, or otherwise) of Sanctions or of the FCPA.

 

Section 6.25                              Material Contracts .  So long as the Second Lien Loan Documents remain outstanding, no Loan Party may (a) enter into any Material Contract, (b) amend, supplement, modify, or otherwise change, or permit any amendment, supplement, modification or other change to (pursuant to a waiver or otherwise), the terms and conditions of any Material Contract in any manner that would increase the amounts payable by any Loan Party thereunder or (c) otherwise amend, supplement or modify the terms and conditions of any Material Contract except, in the case of each of clauses (a), (b) and (c), to the extent that entering into such Material Contract or any such amendment, supplement, modification or change would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

 

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Section 6.26                              Repurchase Agreements .  So long as the Second Lien Loan Documents remain outstanding, the Borrower will not, and will cause each Loan Party not to, enter into any agreement pursuant to which it sells, transfers or otherwise disposes of any Property and agrees to purchase such Property at a future date, whether on demand, at a date certain, or upon the occurrence of any contingency or contingencies.

 

Section 6.27                              Debt Incurrence . So long as the Second Lien Loan Documents remain outstanding, the Borrower will not, and will not permit any other Loan Party to, incur, create or assume any Debt under this Agreement or any Incremental Loan (as defined in the Second Lien Credit Agreement) unless the Reserve Coverage Ratio (as defined in the Second Lien Credit Agreement) is greater than or equal to 1.25:1.00 and no Default, other than a Default under Section 7.1(c)  that has not yet become an Event of Default, shall have occurred and be continuing after giving effect to such incurrence.

 

ARTICLE 7
DEFAULT AND REMEDIES

 

Section 7.1                                     Events of Default .  The occurrence of any of the following events shall constitute an “Event of Default” under this Agreement and any other Loan Document:

 

(a)                                  Payment Failure .  Any Loan Party (i) fails to pay any principal when due under this Agreement or (ii) fails to pay, within three Business Days of when due, any interest or other amount due under this Agreement or any other Loan Document, including payments of fees, reimbursements, and indemnifications;

 

(b)                                  False Representation or Warranties .  Any representation or warranty made or deemed to be made by any Loan Party or any officer thereof in this Agreement, in any other Loan Document or in any certificate delivered in connection with this Agreement or any other Loan Document is incorrect, false or otherwise misleading in any material respect at the time it was made or deemed made (except that such materiality qualifier shall not be applicable to any representations and warranties that already are qualified or modified by materiality in the text thereof);

 

(c)                                   Breach of Covenant .  (i) Any breach by any Loan Party of any of the covenants in Section 5.1 , 5.2(g) , 5.3(a) , 5.12 , 5.14 or Article 6 of this Agreement or the corresponding covenants in any Guaranty or (ii) any breach by any Loan Party of any other covenant contained in this Agreement or any other Loan Document (except as otherwise provided in Section 7.1(a) ) and such breach shall remain unremedied for a period of thirty days following the earlier of (A) the date on which Administrative Agent gave notice of such failure to Borrower and (B) the date any officer of the Borrower or any Subsidiary acquires knowledge of such failure (such grace period to be applicable only in the event such Default can be remedied by corrective action of the Borrower or any Subsidiary);

 

(d)                                  Guaranties .  Any provisions in the Guaranties shall at any time and for any reason (other than in accordance with the terms thereof and the other Loan Documents) cease to be in full force and effect and valid and binding on the Guarantors party thereto or shall be contested by any party thereto; any Guarantor shall deny it has any liability or obligation under such Guaranties; or any Guarantor shall cease to exist other than as expressly permitted by the terms of this Agreement;

 

(e)                                   Security Documents .  Any Security Document shall at any time and for any reason cease to create an Acceptable Security Interest in the Property purported to be subject to such agreement in accordance with the terms of such agreement or any material provisions thereof shall cease to be in full

 

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force and effect and valid and binding on the Loan Party that is a party thereto or any such Loan Party shall so state in writing (unless released or terminated pursuant to the terms of such Security Document);

 

(f)                                    Cross-Default . (i) The Borrower or any Guarantor shall fail to pay any principal of or premium or interest on its Debt which is outstanding in a principal amount of at least $5,000,000 individually or when aggregated with all such Debt of the Borrower and the Subsidiaries so in default (but excluding the Obligations) when the same becomes due and payable (whether by scheduled maturity, required prepayment, acceleration, demand or otherwise), and such failure shall continue after the applicable grace period, if any, specified in the agreement or instrument relating to such Debt; (ii) any other event shall occur or condition (including, without limitation, any “event of default” or “termination event” in respect of any Hedging Arrangement) shall exist under any agreement or instrument relating to Debt which is outstanding in a principal amount of at least $5,000,000 individually or when aggregated with all such Debt of the Borrower and the Subsidiaries so in default (other than the Obligations), and shall continue after the applicable grace period, if any, specified in such agreement or instrument, if the effect of such event or condition is to accelerate, or to permit the acceleration of, the maturity of such Debt prior to the stated maturity thereof; or (iii) any such Debt shall be declared to be due and payable, or required to be prepaid (other than by a regularly scheduled required prepayment); provided that , for purposes of this paragraph (f), the “principal amount” of the obligations in respect of Hedging Arrangements at any time shall be the maximum aggregate amount (giving effect to any netting agreements) that would be required to be paid if such Hedging Arrangements were terminated at such time;

 

(g)                                   Bankruptcy and Insolvency .  (i) Except as permitted under Section 6.7 above, any Loan Party, any Subsidiary of the Borrower shall terminate its existence or dissolve or (ii) any Loan Party or any Subsidiary of the Borrower (A) admits in writing its inability to pay its debts generally as they become due; makes an assignment for the benefit of its creditors; consents to or acquiesces in the appointment of a receiver, liquidator, fiscal agent, or trustee of itself or any of its Property; files a petition under bankruptcy or other laws for the relief of debtors; or consents to any reorganization, arrangement, workout, liquidation, dissolution, or similar relief or (B) shall have had, without its consent: any court enter an order appointing a receiver, liquidator, fiscal agent, or trustee of itself or any of its Property; any petition filed against it seeking reorganization, arrangement, workout, liquidation, dissolution or similar relief under bankruptcy or other laws for the relief of debtors and such petition shall not be dismissed, stayed, or set aside for an aggregate of 60 days, whether or not consecutive;

 

(h)                                  Settlements; Adverse Judgment .  The Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries enters into a settlement of any claim against any of them when a suit has been filed or suffers final judgments against any of them since the date of this Agreement in an aggregate amount, less any insurance proceeds covering such settlements or judgments which are received or as to which the insurance carriers admit liability, greater than $5,000,000 and (i) in the case of a settlement of a claim, the same shall remain undischarged or unsatisfied for a period of 30 days after such liability is due and owing and (ii) in the case of final judgments, either (A) enforcement proceedings shall have been commenced by any creditor upon such judgments or (B) there shall be any period of 30 consecutive days during which a stay of enforcement of such judgments, by reason of a pending appeal or otherwise, shall not be in effect;

 

(i)                                      Termination Events .  Any Termination Event shall have occurred, and, 30 days after notice thereof shall have been given to the Borrower by the Administrative Agent, such Termination Event shall not have been corrected and shall have created and caused to be continuing a material risk of Plan termination or liability for withdrawal from the Plan as a “substantial employer” (as defined in Section 4001(a)(2) of ERISA), which termination could reasonably be expect to result in a liability of, or liability for withdrawal could reasonably be expected to be, greater than $5,000,000;

 

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(j)                                     Plan Withdrawals .  The Borrower or any member of the Controlled Group as employer under a Multiemployer Plan shall have made a complete or partial withdrawal from such Multiemployer Plan and such withdrawing employer shall have incurred a withdrawal liability in an annual amount exceeding $5,000,000;

 

(k)                                  Loan Documents; Lien .  Any material provision of any Loan Document shall for any reason cease to be valid and binding on a Loan Party or any of their respective Subsidiaries or any such Person shall so state in writing or the Administrative Agent shall fail to have an Acceptable Security Interest in Property required to be Collateral under the Loan Documents, except, in each case, to the extent the foregoing occurs in accordance with the terms of the Loan Documents;

 

(l)                                      Change in Control .  The occurrence of a Change in Control;

 

(m)                              Termination of Existence or Dissolution . Except as permitted under Section 6.7 , any Loan Party shall terminate its existence or dissolve;

 

(n)                                  Second Lien Event of Default .  An event of default (however denominated) under the Second Lien Credit Agreement shall have occurred; or

 

(o)                                  Intercreditor Agreement . The Intercreditor Agreement shall cease to be effective (other than pursuant to the terms provided therein) or otherwise shall cease to be a legal, valid and binding agreement enforceable against the holders of any Debt under the Second Lien Credit Agreement in any material respect or any such Person or any Loan Party shall so state in writing.

 

Section 7.2                                     Optional Acceleration of Maturity .  If any Event of Default (other than an Event of Default under Section 7.1(g) ) shall have occurred and be continuing, then, and in any such event:

 

(a)                                  the Administrative Agent (i) shall at the request, or may with the consent, of the Majority Lenders, by notice to the Borrower, declare that the obligation of each Lender to make Loans and the obligation of the Issuing Lender to issue Letters of Credit shall be terminated, whereupon the same shall forthwith terminate, and (ii) shall at the request, or may with the consent, of the Majority Lenders, by notice to the Borrower, declare the Obligations, the Notes, all interest thereon, and all other amounts payable under this Agreement to be forthwith due and payable, whereupon the Obligations, the Notes, all such interest, and all such amounts shall become and be forthwith due and payable in full, without presentment, demand, protest or further notice of any kind (including, without limitation, any notice of intent to accelerate or notice of acceleration), all of which are hereby expressly waived by each of the Loan Parties,

 

(b)                                  the Borrower shall, on demand of the Administrative Agent at the request or with the consent of the Majority Lenders, deposit with the Administrative Agent into the Cash Collateral Account an amount of cash equal to the outstanding Letter of Credit Exposure as security for the Secured Obligations to the extent the Letter of Credit Obligations are not otherwise paid or cash collateralized at such time, and

 

(c)                                   the Administrative Agent shall at the request of, or may with the consent of, the Majority Lenders proceed to enforce its rights and remedies under the Security Documents, the Guaranties, or any other Loan Document for the ratable benefit of the Secured Parties by appropriate proceedings.

 

Section 7.3                                     Automatic Acceleration of Maturity .  If any Event of Default pursuant to Section 7.1(g)  shall occur:

 

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(a)                                  the obligation of each Lender to make Loans and the obligation of the Issuing Lender to issue Letters of Credit shall immediately and automatically be terminated and the Obligations, the Notes, all interest on the Notes, and all other amounts payable under this Agreement shall immediately and automatically become and be due and payable in full, without presentment, demand, protest or any notice of any kind (including, without limitation, any notice of intent to accelerate or notice of acceleration), all of which are hereby expressly waived by each of the Loan Parties,

 

(b)                                  the Borrower shall, on demand of the Administrative Agent at the request or with the consent of the Majority Lenders, deposit with the Administrative Agent into the Cash Collateral Account an amount of cash equal to the outstanding Letter of Credit Exposure as security for the Secured Obligations to the extent the Letter of Credit Obligations are not otherwise paid or cash collateralized at such time, and

 

(c)                                   the Administrative Agent shall at the request of, or may with the consent of, the Majority Lenders proceed to enforce its rights and remedies under the Security Documents, the Guaranties, or any other Loan Document for the ratable benefit of the Secured Parties by appropriate proceedings.

 

Section 7.4                                     Set-off .  Upon (a) the occurrence and during the continuance of any Event of Default and (b) the making of the request or the granting of the consent, if any, specified by Section 7.2 to authorize the Administrative Agent to declare the Notes and any other amount payable hereunder due and payable pursuant to the provisions of Section 7.2 or the automatic acceleration of the Notes and all amounts payable under this Agreement pursuant to Section 7.3 , the Administrative Agent and each Lender is hereby authorized at any time and from time to time, to the fullest extent permitted by law, to set off and apply any and all deposits (general or special, time or demand, provisional or final) at any time held and other indebtedness at any time owing by the Administrative Agent or such Lender to or for the credit or the account of any Loan Party against any and all of the obligations of the Borrower now or hereafter existing under this Agreement, the Notes held by the Administrative Agent or such Lender, and the other Loan Documents, irrespective of whether or not the Administrative Agent or such Lender shall have made any demand under this Agreement, such Note, or such other Loan Documents, and although such obligations may be unmatured.  Each Lender agrees to promptly notify the Borrower after any such set-off and application made by such Lender, provided that the failure to give such notice shall not affect the validity of such set-off and application.  The rights of the Administrative Agent and each Lender under this Section 7.4 are in addition to any other rights and remedies (including, without limitation, other rights of set-off) which the Administrative Agent or such Lender may have.

 

Section 7.5                                     Remedies Cumulative, No Waiver .  No right, power, or remedy conferred to the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Lender and the Lenders in this Agreement or the Loan Documents, or now or hereafter existing at law, in equity, by statute, or otherwise shall be exclusive, and each such right, power, or remedy shall to the full extent permitted by law be cumulative and in addition to every other such right, power or remedy.  No course of dealing and no delay in exercising any right, power, or remedy conferred to the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Lender and the Lenders in this Agreement and the Loan Documents or now or hereafter existing at law, in equity, by statute, or otherwise shall operate as a waiver of or otherwise prejudice any such right, power, or remedy.  Any Lender may cure any Event of Default without waiving the Event of Default.  No notice to or demand upon the Borrower or any other Loan Party shall entitle the Borrower or any other Loan Party to similar notices or demands in the future.

 

Section 7.6                                     Application of Payments .  Prior to an Event of Default, all payments made hereunder shall be applied by the Administrative Agent as directed by the Borrower, but subject to the terms of this Agreement, including the application of prepayments according to Section 2.5 and Section 2.12 . During the existence of an Event of Default, all payments and collections received by the Administrative Agent (other than as a result of the exercise of remedies against Collateral or against the

 

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Borrower or any Subsidiary) shall be applied by the Administrative Agent in its discretion, but subject to the terms of this Agreement, including the application of prepayments according to Section 2.5 and Section 2.12 . During the existence of an Event of Default, all payments and collections received by the Administrative Agent as a result of the exercise of remedies against Collateral or against the Borrower or any Subsidiary shall be applied to the Secured Obligations in accordance with Section 2.12 and otherwise in the following order:

 

FIRST, to the payment of all costs and expenses incurred by the Administrative Agent (in its capacity as such hereunder or under any other Loan Document) in connection with this Agreement or any of the Secured Obligations, including all court costs and the fees and expenses of its agents and legal counsel, the repayment of all advances made by the Administrative Agent as secured party hereunder or under any other Loan Document on behalf of any Loan Party and any other costs or expenses incurred in connection with the exercise of any right or remedy hereunder or under any other Loan Document;

 

SECOND, to the payment of all accrued interest constituting part of the Secured Obligations (the amounts so applied to be distributed ratably among the Secured Parties in accordance with the amounts of the Secured Obligations described in this clause “SECOND” owed to them on the date of any such distribution);

 

THIRD, to the payment of any Secured Obligations not addressed in clauses “FIRST” or “SECOND” of this Section 7.6 (including, without limitation, any principal, fees or expenses, Letter of Credit Obligations, Obligations to make deposits into the Cash Collateral Account, Secured Obligations owing to Swap Counterparties in respect of Hedging Arrangements, and Banking Services Obligations) constituting part of the Secured Obligations (the amounts so applied to be distributed ratably among the Secured Parties in accordance with the amounts of the Secured Obligations described in this clause “THIRD” owed to them on the date of any such distribution); and

 

FOURTH, to the Loan Parties, their successors or assigns, or as a court of competent jurisdiction may otherwise direct or, to the extent required under the Intercreditor Agreement, to the Second Lien Agent.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, payments and collections received by the Lender from any Loan Party that is not a Qualified ECP Guarantor (and any proceeds received in respect of such Loan Party’s Collateral shall not be applied to Excluded Swap Obligations with respect to any Loan Party, provided, however, that the Lender shall make such adjustments as it determines are appropriate with respect to payments and collections received from the other Loan Parties (or proceeds received in respect of such other Loan Parties’ Collateral) to preserve, as nearly as possible, the allocation to Secured Obligations otherwise set forth above in this Section 7.6 (assuming that, solely for purposes of such adjustments, Secured Obligations includes Excluded Swap Obligations).

 

ARTICLE 8
THE
ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT

 

Section 8.1                                     Appointment, Powers, and Immunities .  (a) Each of the Lenders and the Issuing Lender hereby irrevocably appoints Wells Fargo Bank, National Association to act on its behalf as the Administrative Agent hereunder and under the other Loan Documents and authorizes the Administrative Agent to take such actions on its behalf and to exercise such powers as are delegated to the Administrative Agent by the terms hereof or thereof, together with such actions and powers as are reasonably incidental thereto.  The provisions of this Article are solely for the benefit of the

 

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Administrative Agent, the Lenders and the Issuing Lender, and neither the Borrower nor any other Loan Party shall have rights as a third-party beneficiary of any of such provisions.  It is understood and agreed that the use of the term “agent” herein or in any other Loan Documents (or any other similar term) with reference to the Administrative Agent is not intended to connote any fiduciary or other implied (or express) obligations arising under agency doctrine of any applicable law. Instead such term is used as a matter of market custom, and is intended to create or reflect only an administrative relationship between contracting parties.

 

(b)                                  Each Lender irrevocably appoints the Administrative Agent as its agent and bailee for the purpose of perfecting Liens (whether pursuant to Section 8-301(a)(2) of the UCC or otherwise), for the benefit of the Secured Parties, in assets in which, in accordance with the UCC or any other applicable Legal Requirement a security interest can be perfected by possession or control.  Should any Lender (other than the Administrative Agent) obtain possession or control of any such Collateral, such Lender shall notify the Administrative Agent thereof, and, promptly following the Administrative Agent’s request therefor, shall deliver such Collateral to the Administrative Agent or otherwise deal with such Collateral in accordance with the Administrative Agent’s instructions.

 

Section 8.2                                     Rights as a Lender .  Such Persons serving as the Administrative Agent hereunder shall each have the same rights and powers in its capacity as a Lender as any other Lender and may exercise the same as though it were not the Administrative Agent, and the term “Lender” or “Lenders” shall, unless otherwise expressly indicated or unless the context otherwise requires, include the Persons serving as the Administrative Agent hereunder in its individual capacity.  Such Persons and their Affiliates may accept deposits from, lend money to, own securities of, act as the financial advisor or in any other advisory capacity for, and generally engage in any kind of business with, the Borrower or any Subsidiary or other Affiliate thereof as if such Person were not the Administrative Agent hereunder and without any duty to account therefor to the Lenders.

 

Section 8.3                                     Exculpatory Provisions .

 

(a)                                  The Administrative Agent shall not have any duties or obligations except those expressly set forth herein and in the other Loan Documents, and their respective duties hereunder shall be administrative in nature.  Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Administrative Agent:

 

(i)                                      shall not be subject to any fiduciary or other implied duties, regardless of whether a Default has occurred and is continuing;

 

(ii)                                   shall not have any duty to take any discretionary action or exercise any discretionary powers, except discretionary rights and powers expressly contemplated hereby or by the other Loan Documents that the Administrative Agent is required to exercise as directed in writing by the Majority Lenders (or such other number or percentage of the Lenders as shall be expressly provided for herein or in the other Loan Documents); provided that the Administrative Agent shall not be required to take any action that, in its opinion or the opinion of its counsel, may expose the Administrative Agent to liability or that is contrary to any Loan Document or applicable law, including for the avoidance of doubt any action that may be in violation of the automatic stay under any Debtor Relief Law or that may effect a forfeiture, modification or termination of property of a Defaulting Lender in violation of any Debtor Relief Law; and

 

(iii)                                shall not, except as expressly set forth herein and in the other Loan Documents, have any duty to disclose, and shall not be liable for the failure to disclose, any information relating to the Borrower or any of its Affiliates that is communicated to or obtained by the Person serving as the Administrative Agent or any of their Affiliates in any capacity.

 

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(b)                                  The Administrative Agent shall not be liable for any action taken or not taken by it (i) with the consent or at the request of the Majority Lenders or Required Lenders, as applicable, (or such other number or percentage of the Lenders as shall be necessary, or as the Administrative Agent shall believe in good faith shall be necessary, under the circumstances as provided in Sections 9.3 and Section 7.2 ), or (ii) in the absence of its own gross negligence or willful misconduct as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction by final and nonappealable judgment.  The Administrative Agent shall be deemed not to have knowledge of any Default unless and until notice describing such Default is given to the Administrative Agent in writing by the Borrower, a Lender or the Issuing Lender.

 

(c)                                   The Administrative Agent shall not be responsible for or have any duty to ascertain or inquire into (i) any statement, warranty or representation made in or in connection with this Agreement or any other Loan Document, (ii) the contents of any certificate, report or other document delivered hereunder or thereunder or in connection herewith or therewith, (iii) the performance or observance of any of the covenants, agreements or other terms or conditions set forth herein or therein or the occurrence of any Default, (iv) the validity, enforceability, effectiveness or genuineness of this Agreement, any other Loan Document or any other agreement, instrument or document, or (v) the satisfaction of any condition set forth in Article 3 or elsewhere herein, other than to confirm receipt of items expressly required to be delivered to the Administrative Agent.

 

Section 8.4                                     Reliance by Administrative Agent .  The Administrative Agent shall be entitled to rely upon, and shall not incur any liability for relying upon, any notice, request, certificate, consent, statement, instrument, document or other writing (including any electronic message, Internet or intranet website posting or other distribution) believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed, sent or otherwise authenticated by the proper Person.  The Administrative Agent also may rely upon any statement made to it orally or by telephone and believed by it to have been made by the proper Person, and shall not incur any liability for relying thereon.  In determining compliance with any condition hereunder to the making of a Loan, or the issuance, extension, renewal or increase of a Letter of Credit, that by its terms must be fulfilled to the satisfaction of a Lender or the Issuing Lender, the Administrative Agent may presume that such condition is satisfactory to such Lender or the Issuing Lender unless the Administrative Agent shall have received notice to the contrary from such Lender or the Issuing Lender prior to the making of such Loan or the issuance of such Letter of Credit.  The Administrative Agent may consult with legal counsel (who may be counsel for the Borrower), independent accountants and other experts selected by it, and shall not be liable for any action taken or not taken by it in accordance with the advice of any such counsel, accountants or experts.

 

Section 8.5                                     Delegation of Duties .  The Administrative Agent may perform any and all of its duties and exercise its rights and powers hereunder or under any other Loan Document by or through any one or more sub-agents appointed by the Administrative Agent.  The Administrative Agent and any such sub-agent may perform any and all of its duties and exercise its rights and powers by or through their respective Related Parties.  The exculpatory provisions of this Article shall apply to any such sub-agent and to the Related Parties of the Administrative Agent and any such sub-agent, and shall apply to their respective activities in connection with the syndication of the credit facility evidenced by this Agreement as well as activities as the Administrative Agent.  The Administrative Agent shall not be responsible for the negligence or misconduct of any sub-agents except to the extent that a court of competent jurisdiction determines in a final and nonappealable judgment that the Administrative Agent acted with gross negligence or willful misconduct in the selection of such sub-agents.

 

Section 8.6                                     Resignation of Administrative Agent .

 

(a)                                  The Administrative Agent may at any time give notice of its resignation to the Lenders, the Issuing Lender and the Borrower.  Upon receipt of any such notice of resignation, the Required

 

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Lenders shall have the right, subject to the approval of the Borrower so long as no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and is continuing (such approval not to be unreasonably withheld), to appoint a successor, which shall be a bank with an office in the United States, or an Affiliate of any such bank with an office in the United States.  If no such successor shall have been so appointed by the Required Lenders and shall have accepted such appointment within 30 days after the retiring Administrative Agent gives notice of its resignation (or such earlier day as shall be agreed by the Required Lenders) (the “ Resignation Effective Date ”), then the retiring Administrative Agent may (but shall not be obligated to), on behalf of the Lenders and the Issuing Lender, appoint a successor Administrative Agent meeting the qualifications set forth above.  Whether or not a successor has been appointed, such resignation shall become effective in accordance with such notice on the Resignation Effective Date.

 

(b)                                  If the Person serving as Administrative Agent is a Defaulting Lender pursuant to clause (d) of the definition thereof, the Required Lenders may, or, so long as no Default or Event of Default has occurred or is continuing, upon the request of the Borrower, the Required Lenders shall, to the extent permitted by applicable law, by notice in writing to the Borrower and such Person remove such Person as Administrative Agent and, so long as no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, with the approval of the Borrower (such approval not to be unreasonably withheld), appoint a successor. If no such successor shall have been so appointed by the Required Lenders and shall have accepted such appointment within 30 days (or such earlier day as shall be agreed by the Required Lenders) (the “ Removal Effective Date ”), then such removal shall nonetheless become effective in accordance with such notice on the Removal Effective Date.

 

(c)                                   With effect from the Resignation Effective Date or the Removal Effective Date (as applicable) (1) the retiring or removed Administrative Agent shall be discharged from its duties and obligations hereunder and under the other Loan Documents and (2) except for any indemnity payments owed to the retiring or removed Administrative Agent, all payments, communications and determinations provided to be made by, to or through the Administrative Agent shall instead be made by or to each Lender and the Issuing Lender directly, until such time, if any, as the Required Lenders appoint a successor Administrative Agent as provided for above.  Upon the acceptance of a successor’s appointment as Administrative Agent hereunder, such successor shall succeed to and become vested with all of the rights, powers, privileges and duties of the retiring or removed Administrative Agent (other than any rights to indemnity payments owed to the retiring or removed Administrative Agent), and the retiring or removed Administrative Agent shall be discharged from all of its duties and obligations hereunder or under the other Loan Documents.  The fees payable by the Borrower to a successor Administrative Agent shall be the same as those payable to its predecessor unless otherwise agreed between the Borrower and such successor.  After the retiring or removed Administrative Agent’s resignation or removal hereunder and under the other Loan Documents, the provisions of this Article and Section 9.1 shall continue in effect for the benefit of such retiring or removed Administrative Agent, its sub-agents and their respective Related Parties in respect of any actions taken or omitted to be taken by any of them while the retiring or removed Administrative Agent was acting as Administrative Agent. The Administrative Agent and each successor Administrative Agent shall provide the documentation described in Section 2.13(i)  on or prior to the date on which such person becomes the Administrative Agent hereunder.

 

Section 8.7                                     Non-Reliance on Administrative Agent and Other Lenders .  Each Lender and the Issuing Lender acknowledges that it has, independently and without reliance upon the Administrative Agent or any other Lender or any of their Related Parties and based on such documents and information as it has deemed appropriate, made its own credit analysis and decision to enter into this Agreement.  Each Lender and the Issuing Lender also acknowledges that it will, independently and without reliance upon the Administrative Agent or any other Lender or any of their Related Parties and based on such documents and information as it shall from time to time deem appropriate, continue to make its own

 

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decisions in taking or not taking action under or based upon this Agreement, any other Loan Document or any related agreement or any document furnished hereunder or thereunder.

 

Section 8.8                                     No Other Duties, etc .  Anything herein to the contrary notwithstanding, none of the Bookrunners, Arrangers or any other titles, if any, listed on the cover page hereof shall have any powers, duties or responsibilities under this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents, except in its capacity, as applicable, as the Administrative Agent, a Lender or the Issuing Lender hereunder.

 

Section 8.9                                     Administrative Agent May File Proofs of Claim .  In case of the pendency of any proceeding under any Debtor Relief Law or any other judicial proceeding relative to any Loan Party, the Administrative Agent (irrespective of whether the principal of any Loan or Letter of Credit Obligation shall then be due and payable as herein expressed or by declaration or otherwise and irrespective of whether the Administrative Agent shall have made any demand on the Borrower) shall be entitled and empowered (but not obligated) by intervention in such proceeding or otherwise:

 

(a)                                  to file and prove a claim for the whole amount of the principal and interest owing and unpaid in respect of the Loans, Letter of Credit Obligations and all other Obligations that are owing and unpaid and to file such other documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the Lenders, the Issuing Lender and the Administrative Agent (including any claim for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Lenders, the Issuing Lender and the Administrative Agent and their respective agents and counsel and all other amounts due the Lenders, the Issuing Lender and the Administrative Agent under Sections 2.7 , 9.1 and 9.2 ) allowed in such judicial proceeding; and

 

(b)                                  to collect and receive any monies or other property payable or deliverable on any such claims and to distribute the same;

 

and any custodian, receiver, assignee, trustee, liquidator, sequestrator or other similar official in any such judicial proceeding is hereby authorized by each Lender and the Issuing Lender to make such payments to the Administrative Agent and, in the event that the Administrative Agent shall consent to the making of such payments directly to the Lenders and the Issuing Lender, to pay to the Administrative Agent any amount due for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Administrative Agent and its agents and counsel, and any other amounts due the Administrative Agent under Sections 2.7 , 9.1 , or 9.2 .

 

Section 8.10                              Collateral and Guaranty Matters .

 

(a)                                  The Secured Parties irrevocably authorize the Administrative Agent, at its option and in its discretion,

 

(i)                                      to release any Lien on any property granted to or held by the Administrative Agent under any Loan Document (A) upon Payment in Full of Obligations, (B) that is sold or otherwise disposed of or to be sold or otherwise disposed of as part of or in connection with any sale or other disposition permitted under the Loan Documents, (C) constituting property in which no Loan Party owned an interest at the time the Lien was granted or at any time thereafter, or (D) constituting property leased to any Loan Party under a lease which has expired or has been terminated in a transaction permitted under this Agreement or is about to expire and which has not been, and is not intended by such Loan Party to be, renewed or extended, or (E)  if approved, authorized or ratified in writing by the Majority Lenders, except to the extent Section 9.3 would require the consent of all Lenders;

 

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(ii)                                   to subordinate any Lien on any property granted to or held by the Administrative Agent under any Loan Document to the holder of any Lien on such property that is permitted by Section 6.1(d) ;

 

(iii)                                to release any Guarantor from its obligations under the Guaranty if such Person ceases to be a Subsidiary as a result of a transaction permitted under the Loan Documents; and

 

(iv)                               to take any action in exigent circumstances as may be reasonably necessary to preserve any rights or privileges of the Secured Parties under the Loan Documents or applicable Legal Requirements.

 

Upon request by the Administrative Agent at any time, the Secured Parties will confirm in writing the Administrative Agent’s authority to release or subordinate its interest in particular types or items of property, or to release any Guarantor from its obligations under the Guaranty pursuant to this Section 8.10 . By accepting the benefit of the Liens granted pursuant to the Security Documents, each Secured Party hereby agrees to the terms of this paragraph (a).

 

(b)                                  The Administrative Agent shall not be responsible for or have a duty to ascertain or inquire into any representation or warranty regarding the existence, value or collectability of the Collateral, the existence, priority or perfection of the Administrative Agent’s Lien thereon, or any certificate prepared by any Loan Party in connection therewith, nor shall the Administrative Agent be responsible or liable to the Lenders for any failure to monitor or maintain any portion of the Collateral.

 

(c)                                   Notwithstanding anything contained in any of the Loan Documents to the contrary, the Loan Parties, the Administrative Agent, and each Secured Party hereby agree that no Secured Party shall have any right individually to realize upon any of the Collateral or to enforce the Guaranties, it being understood and agreed that all powers, rights and remedies hereunder and under the Security Documents may be exercised solely by Administrative Agent on behalf of the Secured Parties in accordance with the terms hereof and the other Loan Documents.  By accepting the benefit of the Liens granted pursuant to the Security Documents, each Secured Party not party hereto hereby agrees to the terms of this paragraph (c).

 

Section 8.11                              Intercreditor Agreement .  Each Lender hereby authorizes the Administrative Agent to enter into the Intercreditor Agreement. The Secured Parties shall be deemed to have authorized the Administrative Agent to enter into such Intercreditor Agreement, and, by receiving the benefits thereunder and of the Collateral under the Security Documents, each Secured Party shall be deemed to have acknowledged and agreed to the terms of the Intercreditor Agreement and shall be deemed to have agreed that the terms thereof shall be binding on such Secured Party and its respective successors and assigns, as if each were a party thereto.

 

ARTICLE 9
MISCELLANEOUS

 

Section 9.1                                     Costs and Expenses .  The Borrower shall pay (i) all reasonable and documented out-of-pocket expenses incurred by the Administrative Agent and its Affiliates (including the reasonable and documented fees, charges and disbursements of counsel for the Administrative Agent), in connection with the syndication of the facilities, the preparation, negotiation, execution, delivery and administration of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents, or any amendments, modifications or waivers of the provisions hereof or thereof (whether or not the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby shall be consummated), (ii) all reasonable and documented out-of-pocket expenses incurred by the Issuing Lender in connection with the issuance, amendment, renewal or extension of any Letter of Credit or any demand

 

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for payment thereunder, and (iii) all out-of-pocket expenses incurred by the Administrative Agent, any Lender or the Issuing Lender (including the fees, charges and disbursements of any counsel for the Administrative Agent and its Affiliates, any Lender or the Issuing Lender), in connection with the enforcement or protection of its rights (A) in connection with this Agreement and the other Loan Documents, including its rights under this Section, or (B) in connection with the Loans made or Letters of Credit issued hereunder, including all such out-of-pocket expenses incurred during any workout, restructuring or negotiations in respect of such Loans or Letters of Credit.

 

Section 9.2                                     Indemnification; Waiver of Damages .

 

(a)                                  INDEMNIFICATION .  THE BORROWER SHALL INDEMNIFY THE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT (AND ANY SUB-AGENT THEREOF), EACH LENDER AND THE ISSUING LENDER, AND EACH RELATED PARTY OF ANY OF THE FOREGOING PERSONS (EACH SUCH PERSON BEING CALLED AN “ INDEMNITEE ”) AGAINST, AND HOLD EACH INDEMNITEE HARMLESS FROM, ANY AND ALL LOSSES, CLAIMS, DAMAGES, LIABILITIES, PENALTIES AND RELATED EXPENSES (INCLUDING THE REASONABLE AND DOCUMENTED FEES, CHARGES AND DISBURSEMENTS OF ANY COUNSEL FOR ANY INDEMNITEE), INCURRED BY ANY INDEMNITEE OR ASSERTED AGAINST ANY INDEMNITEE BY ANY PERSON (INCLUDING THE BORROWER OR ANY OTHER LOAN PARTY) OTHER THAN SUCH INDEMNITEE AND ITS RELATED PARTIES ARISING OUT OF, IN CONNECTION WITH, OR AS A RESULT OF (I) THE EXECUTION OR DELIVERY OF THIS AGREEMENT, ANY OTHER LOAN DOCUMENT OR ANY AGREEMENT OR INSTRUMENT CONTEMPLATED HEREBY OR THEREBY, THE PERFORMANCE BY THE PARTIES HERETO OF THEIR RESPECTIVE OBLIGATIONS HEREUNDER OR THEREUNDER OR THE CONSUMMATION OF THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY OR THEREBY, (II) ANY LOAN OR LETTER OF CREDIT OR THE USE OR PROPOSED USE OF THE PROCEEDS THEREFROM (INCLUDING ANY REFUSAL BY THE ISSUING LENDER TO HONOR A DEMAND FOR PAYMENT UNDER A LETTER OF CREDIT IF THE DOCUMENTS PRESENTED IN CONNECTION WITH SUCH DEMAND DO NOT STRICTLY COMPLY WITH THE TERMS OF SUCH LETTER OF CREDIT), (III) ANY ACTUAL OR ALLEGED PRESENCE OR RELEASE OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS ON OR FROM ANY PROPERTY OWNED OR OPERATED BY THE BORROWER OR ANY OF ITS SUBSIDIARIES, OR ANY ENVIRONMENTAL LIABILITY RELATED IN ANY WAY TO THE BORROWER OR ANY OF ITS SUBSIDIARIES, OR (IV) ANY ACTUAL OR PROSPECTIVE CLAIM, LITIGATION, INVESTIGATION OR PROCEEDING RELATING TO ANY OF THE FOREGOING, WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT OR ANY OTHER THEORY, WHETHER BROUGHT BY A THIRD PARTY OR BY THE BORROWER OR ANY OTHER LOAN PARTY, AND REGARDLESS OF WHETHER ANY INDEMNITEE IS A PARTY THERETO,  IN ALL CASES, WHETHER OR NOT CAUSED BY OR ARISING, IN WHOLE OR IN PART, OUT OF THE COMPARATIVE, CONTRIBUTORY OR SOLE NEGLIGENCE OF THE APPLICABLE INDEMNITEE ; PROVIDED THAT SUCH INDEMNITY SHALL NOT, AS TO ANY INDEMNITEE, BE AVAILABLE TO THE EXTENT THAT SUCH LOSSES, CLAIMS, DAMAGES, LIABILITIES OR RELATED EXPENSES (X) RESULT FROM THE GROSS NEGLIGENCE OR WILLFUL MISCONDUCT OF SUCH INDEMNITEE, OR (Y) RESULT FROM A DISPUTE SOLELY AMONG INDEMNITEES PROVIDED THAT SUCH CLAIM DOES NOT INVOLVE AN ACT OR OMISSION OF ANY LOAN PARTY OR THEIR AFFILIATES AND SUCH CLAIM IS NOT BROUGHT AGAINST THE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT, AN ARRANGER, OR AN ISSUING LENDER, IN EACH CASE IN ITS CAPACITY AS SUCH, IN EACH CASE OF CLAUSES (X) AND (Y), AS DETERMINED BY A COURT OF COMPETENT JURISDICTION BY FINAL AND NON-APPEALABLE JUDGMENT.  THIS SECTION 9.2(a)  SHALL NOT APPLY WITH RESPECT TO TAXES OTHER THAN ANY TAXES THAT REPRESENT LOSSES, CLAIMS, DAMAGES, ETC. ARISING FROM ANY NON-TAX CLAIM.

 

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(b)                                  Reimbursement by Lenders .  To the extent that the Borrower for any reason fails to indefeasibly pay any amount required under Section 9.1 or paragraph (a) of this Section to be paid by it to the Administrative Agent (or any sub-agent thereof), the Administrative Agent (or any sub-agent thereof), the Issuing Lender, or any Related Party of any of the foregoing, each Lender severally agrees to pay to the Administrative Agent (or any such sub-agent), the Administrative Agent (or any sub-agent thereof), the Issuing Lender, or such Related Party, as the case may be, such Lender’s Pro Rata Share (determined as of the time that the applicable unreimbursed expense or indemnity payment is sought based on each Lender’s share of the Commitments at such time, or, if the Commitments have been terminated, such Lender’s share of the aggregate outstanding amount of all Loans plus the Letter of Credit Exposure at such time) of such unpaid amount (including any such unpaid amount in respect of a claim asserted by such Lender); provided that the unreimbursed expense or indemnified loss, claim, damage, liability or related expense, as the case may be, was incurred by or asserted against the Administrative Agent (or any such sub-agent), the Administrative Agent (or any sub-agent thereof), the Issuing Lender in its capacity as such, or against any Related Party of any of the foregoing acting for the Administrative Agent (or any such sub-agent), the Administrative Agent (or any sub-agent thereof), or the Issuing Lender in connection with such capacity.  The obligations of the Lenders under this paragraph (c) are subject to the provisions of Section 2.12(f) .

 

(c)                                   Waiver of Consequential Damages, Etc.   To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, no party hereto shall assert, and each party hereto hereby waives, any claim against any Indemnitee, on any theory of liability, for special, indirect, consequential or punitive damages (as opposed to direct or actual damages) arising out of, in connection with, or as a result of, this Agreement, any other Loan Document or any agreement or instrument contemplated hereby, the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby, any Loan or Letter of Credit, or the use of the proceeds thereof; provided that nothing contained in this sentence shall limit any Loan Party’s indemnification obligations to the extent set forth in clause (a) above to the extent such special, indirect, consequential or punitive damages are included in any third party claim in connection with which such indemnified person is otherwise entitled to indemnification hereunder.  No Indemnitee referred to in paragraph (a) above shall be liable for any damages arising from the use by unintended recipients of any information or other materials distributed by it through telecommunications, electronic or other information transmission systems in connection with this Agreement or the other Loan Documents or the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby.

 

(d)                                  Payments .  All payments required to be made under this Section 9.2 shall be made within 10 days of demand therefor.

 

(e)                                   Survival .  Each party’s obligations under this Section shall survive the termination of the Loan Documents and payment of the obligations hereunder.

 

Section 9.3                                     Waivers and Amendments .  No amendment or waiver of any provision of this Agreement, the Notes, or any other Loan Document (other than the Fee Letter), nor consent to any departure by the Borrower or any Guarantor therefrom, shall in any event be effective unless the same shall be in writing and signed by the Majority Lenders and the Borrower, and then such waiver or consent shall be effective only in the specific instance and for the specific purpose for which given; provided that:

 

(a)                                  no amendment, waiver, or consent shall, unless in writing and signed by all the Lenders and the Borrower, do any of the following: (i)  reduce the principal of, or interest on, the Notes, (ii) postpone or extend any date fixed for any payment of principal of, or interest on, the Notes, including, without limitation, the Maturity Date, or (iii) change the number of Lenders which shall be required for the Lenders to take any action hereunder or under any other Loan Document;

 

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(b)                                  no amendment, waiver, or consent shall, unless in writing and signed by all the Lenders and the Borrower, do any of the following:  (i) waive any of the conditions specified in Section 3.1 or Section 3.2 , (ii) reduce any fees or other amounts payable hereunder or under any other Loan Document applicable to the applicable Lender, (iii) increase the aggregate Commitments, (iv) postpone or extend any date fixed for any payment of any fees or other amounts payable hereunder, (v) amend Section 2.12(e) , Section 7.6 , this Section 9.3 or any other provision in any Loan Document which expressly requires the consent of, or action or waiver by, all of the Lenders, (vii) release all or substantially all of the value of any Guaranty or, except as specifically provided in the Loan Documents and as a result of transactions permitted by the terms of this Agreement, release all or a material portion of the Collateral except as permitted under Section 8.10(a) ; (viii) amend the definitions of “Majority Lenders”, “Required Lenders”, “Maximum Exposure Amount” or “Pro Rata Share”, each as defined in this Agreement; (ix) amend the definitions of “Obligations”, “Secured Obligations”, “Banking Service Obligations”, “Hedge Obligations” or “Swap Counterparties”; or (x) amend the minimum Collateral percentage set forth in Section 5.7 ;

 

(c)                                   no Commitment of a Lender or any obligations of a Lender may be increased or extended without such Lender’s written consent;

 

(d)                                  no amendment, waiver, or consent shall, unless in writing and signed by the Administrative Agent in addition to the Lenders required above to take such action, affect the rights or duties of the Administrative Agent under this Agreement or any other Loan Document;

 

(e)                                   no amendment, waiver or consent shall, unless in writing and signed by an Issuing Lender in addition to the Lenders required above to take such action, affect the rights or duties of such Issuing Lender under this Agreement or any other Loan Document; and

 

(f)                                    no amendment, waiver, or consent shall, unless in writing and signed by the Administrative Agent in addition to the Lenders required above to take such action, affect the rights or duties of the Administrative Agent under this Agreement or any other Loan Document.

 

Section 9.4                                     Severability .  In case one or more provisions of this Agreement or the other Loan Documents shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect under any applicable law, the validity, legality, and enforceability of the remaining provisions contained herein or therein shall not be affected or impaired thereby.

 

Section 9.5                                     Survival of Representations and Obligations .  All representations and warranties contained in this Agreement or made in writing by or on behalf of the Loan Parties in connection herewith shall survive the execution and delivery of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents, the making of the Loans or the issuance of any Letters of Credit and any investigation made by or on behalf of the Lenders, none of which investigations shall diminish any Lender’s right to rely on such representations and warranties.  All obligations of the Borrower or any other Loan Party provided for in Sections 2.10, 2.11, 2.13(c), 9.1 and 9.2 and all of the obligations of the Lenders in Section 8.5 shall survive any termination of this Agreement and repayment in full of the Obligations.

 

Section 9.6                                     Binding Effect .  This Agreement shall become effective as provided in Section 3.1 and thereafter shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the Borrower, the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Lender and each Lender and their respective successors and assigns, except that neither the Borrower nor any other Loan Party shall have the right to assign its rights or delegate its duties under this Agreement or any interest in this Agreement without the prior written consent of each Lender.

 

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Section 9.7                                     Successors and Assigns .

 

(a)                                  Successors and Assigns Generally .  The provisions of this Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and assigns permitted hereby, except that neither the Borrower nor any other Loan Party may assign or otherwise transfer any of its rights or obligations hereunder without the prior written consent of the Administrative Agent and each Lender, and no Lender may assign or otherwise transfer any of its rights or obligations hereunder except (i) to an assignee in accordance with the provisions of paragraph (b) of this Section, (ii) by way of participation in accordance with the provisions of paragraph (d) of this Section, or (iii) by way of pledge or assignment of a security interest subject to the restrictions of paragraph (f) of this Section (and any other attempted assignment or transfer by any party hereto shall be null and void).  Nothing in this Agreement, expressed or implied, shall be construed to confer upon any Person (other than the parties hereto, their respective successors and assigns permitted hereby, Participants to the extent provided in paragraph (d) of this Section and, to the extent expressly contemplated hereby, the Related Parties of each of the Administrative Agent and the Lenders) any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under or by reason of this Agreement.

 

(b)                                  Assignments by Lenders .  Any Lender may at any time assign to one or more assignees all or a portion of its rights and obligations under this Agreement (including all or a portion of its Commitment and the Loans at the time owing to it); provided that any such assignment shall be subject to the following conditions:

 

(i)                                      Minimum Amounts .

 

(A)                                in the case of an assignment of the entire remaining amount of the assigning Lender’s Commitment and/or the Loans at the time owing to it or contemporaneous assignments to related Approved Funds that equal at least the amount specified in paragraph (b)(i)(B) of this Section in the aggregate or in the case of an assignment to a Lender, an Affiliate of a Lender or an Approved Fund, no minimum amount need be assigned; and

 

(B)                                in any case not described in paragraph (b)(i)(A) of this Section, the aggregate amount of the Commitment (which for this purpose includes Loans outstanding thereunder) or, if the applicable Commitment is not then in effect, the principal outstanding balance of the Loans of the assigning Lender subject to each such assignment (determined as of the date the Assignment and Assumption with respect to such assignment is delivered to the Administrative Agent or, if “ Trade Date ” is specified in the Assignment and Assumption, as of the Trade Date) shall not be less than $5,000,000, unless each of the Administrative Agent and, so long as no Default has occurred and is continuing, the Borrower otherwise consents (each such consent not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed).

 

(ii)                                   Proportionate Amounts .  Each partial assignment shall be made as an assignment of a proportionate part of all the assigning Lender’s rights and obligations under this Agreement with respect to the Loan or the Commitment assigned.

 

(iii)                                Required Consents .  No consent shall be required for any assignment except to the extent required by paragraph (b)(i)(B) of this Section and, in addition:

 

(A)                                the consent of the Borrower (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed) shall be required unless (x) an Event of Default has occurred and is

 

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continuing at the time of such assignment, or (y) such assignment is to a Lender, an Affiliate of a Lender or an Approved Fund; provided that the Borrower shall be deemed to have consented to any such assignment unless it shall object thereto by written notice to the Administrative Agent within 10 Business Days after having received notice thereof;

 

(B)                                the consent of the Administrative Agent (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed) shall be required for assignments hereunder if such assignment is to a Person that is not a Lender, an Affiliate of such Lender or an Approved Fund with respect to such Lender; and

 

(C)                                the consent of the Issuing Lender shall be required for any assignment hereunder (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed).

 

(iv)                               Assignment and Assumption .  The parties to each assignment shall execute and deliver to the Administrative Agent an Assignment and Assumption, together with a processing and recordation fee of $3,500; provided that the Administrative Agent may, in its sole discretion, elect to waive such processing and recordation fee in the case of any assignment .  The assignee, if it is not a Lender, shall deliver to the Administrative Agent an Administrative Questionnaire.

 

(v)                                  No Assignment to Certain Persons .  No such assignment shall be made to (A) the Borrower or any of the Borrower’s Affiliates or Subsidiaries or (B) to any Defaulting Lender or any of its Subsidiaries, or any Person who, upon becoming a Lender hereunder, would constitute any of the foregoing Persons described in this clause (B).

 

(vi)                               No Assignment to Natural Persons .  No such assignment shall be made to a natural Person.

 

(vii)                            Certain Additional Payments .  In connection with any assignment of rights and obligations of any Defaulting Lender hereunder, no such assignment shall be effective unless and until, in addition to the other conditions thereto set forth herein, the parties to the assignment shall make such additional payments to the Administrative Agent in an aggregate amount sufficient, upon distribution thereof as appropriate (which may be outright payment, purchases by the assignee of participations or subparticipations, or other compensating actions, including funding, with the consent of the Borrower and the Administrative Agent, the applicable Pro Rata Share of Loans previously requested but not funded by the Defaulting Lender, to each of which the applicable assignee and assignor hereby irrevocably consent), to (x) pay and satisfy in full all payment liabilities then owed by such Defaulting Lender to the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Lender, and each other Lender hereunder (and interest accrued thereon), and (y) acquire (and fund as appropriate) its full pro rata share of all Loans and participations in Letters of Credit in accordance with its Pro Rata Share.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event that any assignment of rights and obligations of any Defaulting Lender hereunder shall become effective under applicable law without compliance with the provisions of this paragraph, then the assignee of such interest shall be deemed to be a Defaulting Lender for all purposes of this Agreement until such compliance occurs.

 

Subject to acceptance and recording thereof by the Administrative Agent pursuant to paragraph (c) of this Section, from and after the effective date specified in each Assignment and Assumption, the assignee thereunder shall be a party to this Agreement and, to the extent of the interest assigned by such Assignment and Assumption, have the rights and obligations of a Lender under this Agreement, and the assigning Lender thereunder shall, to the extent of the interest assigned by such Assignment and

 

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Assumption, be released from its obligations under this Agreement (and, in the case of an Assignment and Assumption covering all of the assigning Lender’s rights and obligations under this Agreement, such Lender shall cease to be a party hereto) but shall continue to be entitled to the benefits of Sections 2.11 , 9.1 , 9.2 , and 9.3 with respect to facts and circumstances occurring prior to the effective date of such assignment; provided , that except to the extent otherwise expressly agreed by the affected parties, no assignment by a Defaulting Lender will constitute a waiver or release of any claim of any party hereunder arising from that Lender’s having been a Defaulting Lender.  Any assignment or transfer by a Lender of rights or obligations under this Agreement that does not comply with this paragraph shall be treated for purposes of this Agreement as a sale by such Lender of a participation in such rights and obligations in accordance with paragraph (d) of this Section.

 

(c)                                   Register .  The Administrative Agent, acting solely for this purpose as a non-fiduciary agent of the Borrower, shall maintain at its address referred to in Section 9.9 a copy of each Assignment and Assumption delivered to it and a register for the recordation of the names and addresses of the Lenders, and the Commitments of, and principal amounts (and stated interest) of the Loans owing to, each Lender pursuant to the terms hereof from time to time (the “ Register ”).  The entries in the Register shall be conclusive and binding for all purposes, absent manifest error, and the Loan Parties, the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Lender and the Lenders shall treat each Person whose name is recorded in the Register pursuant to the terms hereof as a Lender hereunder for all purposes of this Agreement.  The Register shall be available for inspection by the Borrower and any Lender, at any reasonable time and from time to time upon reasonable prior notice.

 

(d)                                  Participations .  Any Lender may at any time, without the consent of, or notice to, the Borrower or the Administrative Agent, sell participations to any Person (other than a natural Person or the Borrower or any of the Borrower’s Affiliates or Subsidiaries) (each, a “ Participant ”) in all or a portion of such Lender’s rights and/or obligations under this Agreement (including all or a portion of its Commitment and/or the Loans owing to it); provided that (i) such Lender’s obligations under this Agreement shall remain unchanged, (ii) such Lender shall remain solely responsible to the other parties hereto for the performance of such obligations, and (iii) the Borrower, the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Lender and Lenders shall continue to deal solely and directly with such Lender in connection with such Lender’s rights and obligations under this Agreement.  For the avoidance of doubt, each Lender shall be responsible for the indemnity under Section 9.2 (d) with respect to any payments made by such Lender to its Participant(s).

 

Any agreement or instrument pursuant to which a Lender sells such a participation shall provide that such Lender shall retain the sole right to enforce this Agreement and to approve any amendment, modification or waiver of any provision of this Agreement; provided that such agreement or instrument may provide that such Lender will not, without the consent of the Participant, agree to any amendment, modification or waiver described in Section 9.3(a) , (b) , or (c)  that affects such Participant.  The Borrower agrees that each Participant shall be entitled to the benefits of Sections 2.11 , 2.10 and 2.13 (subject to the requirements and limitations therein, including the requirements under Section 2.13 (it being understood that the documentation required under Section 2.13(g)  shall be delivered to the participating Lender)) to the same extent as if it were a Lender and had acquired its interest by assignment pursuant to paragraph (b) of this Section; provided that such Participant (A) agrees to be subject to the provisions of Sections 2.14 as if it were an assignee under paragraph (b) of this Section; and (B) shall not be entitled to receive any greater payment under Sections 2.11 or 2.13 , with respect to any participation, than its participating Lender would have been entitled to receive, except to the extent such entitlement to receive a greater payment results from a Change in Law that occurs after the Participant acquired the applicable participation.  Each Lender that sells a participation agrees, at the Borrower’s request and expense, to use reasonable efforts to cooperate with the Borrower to effectuate the provisions of Section 2.14(b)  with respect to any Participant.  To the extent permitted by law, each Participant also shall be entitled to the

 

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benefits of Section 7.4 as though it were a Lender; provided that such Participant agrees to be subject to Section 2.12(e)  as though it were a Lender.  Each Lender that sells a participation shall, acting solely for this purpose as a non-fiduciary agent of the Borrower, maintain a register on which it enters the name and address of each Participant and the principal amounts (and stated interest) of each Participant’s interest in the Loans or other obligations under the Loan Documents (the “ Participant Register ”); provided that no Lender shall have any obligation to disclose all or any portion of the Participant Register (including the identity of any Participant or any information relating to a Participant’s interest in any commitments, loans, letters of credit or its other obligations under any Loan Document) to any Person except to the extent that such disclosure is necessary to establish that such commitment, loan, letter of credit or other obligation is in registered form under Section 5f.103-1(c) of the United States Treasury Regulations.  The entries in the Participant Register shall be conclusive absent manifest error, and such Lender shall treat each Person whose name is recorded in the Participant Register as the owner of such participation for all purposes of this Agreement notwithstanding any notice to the contrary.  For the avoidance of doubt, the Administrative Agent (in its capacity as Administrative Agent) shall have no responsibility for maintaining a Participant Register.

 

(e)                                   Certain Pledges .  Any Lender may at any time pledge or assign a security interest in all or any portion of its rights under this Agreement to secure obligations of such Lender, including any pledge or assignment to secure obligations to a Federal Reserve Bank; provided that no such pledge or assignment shall release such Lender from any of its obligations hereunder or substitute any such pledgee or assignee for such Lender as a party hereto.

 

Section 9.8                                     Confidentiality .  Each of the Administrative Agent, the Lenders and the Issuing Lender agree to maintain the confidentiality of the Information (as defined below), except that Information may be disclosed (a) to its Affiliates and to its Related Parties (it being understood that the Persons to whom such disclosure is made will be informed of the confidential nature of such Information and instructed to keep such Information confidential); (b) to the extent required or requested by any regulatory authority purporting to have jurisdiction over such Person or its Related Parties (including any self-regulatory authority, such as the National Association of Insurance Commissioners); (c) to the extent required by applicable laws or regulations or by any subpoena or similar legal process; (d) to any other party hereto; (e) in connection with the exercise of any remedies hereunder or under any other Loan Document or any action or proceeding relating to this Agreement or any other Loan Document or the enforcement of rights hereunder or thereunder; (f) subject to an agreement containing provisions substantially the same as those of this Section, to (i) any assignee of or Participant in, or any prospective assignee of or Participant in, any of its rights and obligations under this Agreement, or (ii) any actual or prospective party (or its Related Parties) to any swap, derivative or other transaction under which payments are to be made by reference to the Borrower and its obligations, this Agreement or payments hereunder; (g) on a confidential basis to (i)  any rating agency in connection with rating the Borrower or its Subsidiaries or the credit facility evidenced by this Agreement or (ii) the CUSIP Service Bureau or any similar agency in connection with the issuance and monitoring of CUSIP numbers with respect to the credit facility evidenced by this Agreement; (h) with the consent of the Borrower; or (i) to the extent such Information (x) becomes publicly available other than as a result of a breach of this Section, or (y) becomes available to the Administrative Agent, any Lender, the Issuing Lender or any of their respective Affiliates on a nonconfidential basis from a source other than the Borrower.

 

For purposes of this Section, “ Information ” means all information received from the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries relating to the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective businesses, other than any such information that is available to the Administrative Agent, any Lender or the Issuing Lender on a nonconfidential basis prior to disclosure by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries; provided that, in the case of information received from the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries after the date hereof, such information is clearly identified at the time of delivery as confidential.  Any Person required to

 

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maintain the confidentiality of Information as provided in this Section shall be considered to have complied with its obligation to do so if such Person has exercised the same degree of care to maintain the confidentiality of such Information as such Person would accord to its own confidential information.

 

Section 9.9                                     Notices, Etc .

 

(a)                                  Subject to clause (b) below, all notices and other communications (other than Notices of Borrowing and Notices of Continuation or Conversion, which are governed by Article 2 of this Agreement) shall be in writing and hand delivered with written receipt, or sent by facsimile or electronic mail (with a hard copy sent as otherwise permitted in this Section 9.9 ), sent by a nationally recognized overnight courier, or sent by certified mail, return receipt requested as follows: if to a Loan Party, as specified on Schedule I, if to the Administrative Agent or the Issuing Lender, at its credit contact specified under its name on Schedule I, and if to any Lender at is credit contact specified in its Administrative Questionnaire.  Each party may change its notice address by written notification to the other parties.  All such notices and communications shall be effective when delivered, except that notices and communications to any Lender or the Issuing Lender pursuant to Article 2 shall not be effective until received and, in the case of facsimile or electronic mail, such receipt is confirmed by such Lender or Issuing Lender, as applicable, verbally or in writing.

 

(b)                                  Notices and other communications to the Lenders hereunder may be delivered or furnished by electronic communications pursuant to procedures approved by the Administrative Agent; provided that the foregoing shall not apply to notices pursuant to Article 2 or Section 5.2(g)  or (k)  of this Agreement unless otherwise agreed by the Administrative Agent and the applicable Lender. The Administrative Agent or the Borrower may, in their discretion, agree to accept notices and other communications to it hereunder by electronic communications pursuant to procedures approved by it; provided that approval of such procedures may be limited to particular notices or communications.

 

Section 9.10                              Usury Not Intended .  It is the intent of each Loan Party and each Lender in the execution and performance of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents to contract in strict compliance with applicable usury laws, including conflicts of law concepts, governing the Loans of each Lender including such applicable laws of the State of New York, if any, and the United States of America from time to time in effect.  In furtherance thereof, the Lenders and the Loan Parties stipulate and agree that none of the terms and provisions contained in this Agreement or the other Loan Documents shall ever be construed to create a contract to pay, as consideration for the use, forbearance or detention of money, interest at a rate in excess of the Maximum Rate and that for purposes of this Agreement “interest” shall include the aggregate of all charges which constitute interest under such laws that are contracted for, charged or received under this Agreement; and in the event that, notwithstanding the foregoing, under any circumstances the aggregate amounts taken, reserved, charged, received or paid on the Loans, include amounts which by applicable law are deemed interest which would exceed the Maximum Rate, then such excess shall be deemed to be a mistake and each Lender receiving same shall credit the same on the principal of its Notes (or if such Notes shall have been paid in full, refund said excess to the Borrower).  In the event that the maturity of the Notes are accelerated by reason of any election of the holder thereof resulting from any Event of Default under this Agreement or otherwise, or in the event of any required or permitted prepayment, then such consideration that constitutes interest may never include more than the Maximum Rate, and excess interest, if any, provided for in this Agreement or otherwise shall be canceled automatically as of the date of such acceleration or prepayment and, if theretofore paid, shall be credited on the applicable Notes (or, if the applicable Notes shall have been paid in full, refunded to the Borrower of such interest).  In determining whether or not the interest paid or payable under any specific contingencies exceeds the Maximum Rate, the Loan Parties and the Lenders shall to the maximum extent permitted under applicable law amortize, prorate, allocate and spread in equal parts during the period of the full stated term of the Notes all amounts considered to be interest under applicable law at any time

 

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contracted for, charged, received or reserved in connection with the Obligations.  The provisions of this Section shall control over all other provisions of this Agreement or the other Loan Documents which may be in apparent conflict herewith.

 

Section 9.11                              Usury Recapture .  In the event the rate of interest chargeable under this Agreement at any time is greater than the Maximum Rate, the unpaid principal amount of the Loans shall bear interest at the Maximum Rate until the total amount of interest paid or accrued on the Loans equals the amount of interest which would have been paid or accrued on the Loans if the stated rates of interest set forth in this Agreement had at all times been in effect. In the event, upon payment in full of the Loans, the total amount of interest paid or accrued under the terms of this Agreement and the Loans is less than the total amount of interest which would have been paid or accrued if the rates of interest set forth in this Agreement had, at all times, been in effect, then the Borrower shall, to the extent permitted by applicable law, pay the Administrative Agent for the account of the Lenders an amount equal to the difference between (i) the lesser of (A) the amount of interest which would have been charged on its Loans if the Maximum Rate had, at all times, been in effect and (B) the amount of interest which would have accrued on its Loans if the rates of interest set forth in this Agreement had at all times been in effect and (ii) the amount of interest actually paid under this Agreement on its Loans.  In the event the Lenders ever receive, collect or apply as interest any sum in excess of the Maximum Rate, such excess amount shall, to the extent permitted by law, be applied to the reduction of the principal balance of the Loans, and if no such principal is then outstanding, such excess or part thereof remaining shall be paid to the Borrower.

 

Section 9.12                              Governing Law; Service of Process .  This Agreement, the Notes and the other Loan Documents (unless otherwise expressly provided therein) shall be deemed a contract under, and shall be governed by, and construed and enforced in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York without regard to conflicts of laws principles (other than Sections 5-1401 and 5-1402 of the General Obligations Law of the State of New York).  Each Letter of Credit shall be governed by either (i) the Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits (2007 Revision), International Chamber of Commerce Publication No. 600, or (ii) the International Standby Practices (ISP98), International Chamber of Commerce Publication No. 590, in either case, including any subsequent revisions thereof approved by a Congress of the International Chamber of Commerce and adhered to by the Issuing Lender.  The Borrower hereby agrees that service of copies of the summons and complaint and any other process which may be served in any such action or proceeding may be made by mailing or delivering a copy of such process to the Borrower at the address set forth for the Borrower in this Agreement.  Nothing in this Section shall affect the rights of any Lender to serve legal process in any other manner permitted by the law or affect the right of any Lender to bring any action or proceeding against the Borrower or its Property in the courts of any other jurisdiction.

 

Section 9.13                              Submission to Jurisdiction .  The parties hereto hereby agree that any suit or proceeding arising in respect of this Agreement or any other Loan Document, or any of the matters contemplated hereby or thereby will be tried exclusively in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York or, if such court does not have subject matter jurisdiction, in any state court located in the City and County of New York, and the parties hereto hereby agree to submit to the exclusive jurisdiction of, and venue in, such court.  Each of the parties hereto agrees that a final judgment in any such action or proceeding shall be conclusive and may be enforced in other jurisdictions by suit on the judgment or in any other manner provided by applicable law.  The parties hereto hereby agree that service of any process, summons, notice or document by registered mail addressed to the applicable parties will be effective service of process against such party for any action or proceeding relating to any such dispute.  Each party hereto hereby irrevocably and unconditionally waives, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable Legal Requirement, any objection that it may now or hereafter have to the laying of venue of any action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement in any court referred to in this Section.  Each of the parties hereto irrevocably waives, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable Legal

 

105



 

Requirement, the defense of any inconvenient forum to the maintenance of such action or proceeding in any such court.

 

Section 9.14                              Execution in Counterparts; Effectiveness; Electronic Execution .

 

(a)                                  This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts and by different parties hereto in separate counterparts, each of which when so executed shall be deemed to be an original and all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same agreement. Except as provided in Section 3.1 , this Agreement shall become effective when it shall have been executed by the Administrative Agent and when the Administrative Agent shall have received counterparts hereof that, when taken together, bear the signatures of each of the other parties hereto.  Delivery of an executed counterpart of a signature page of this Agreement by facsimile or in electronic (i.e., “pdf” or “tif”) format shall be effective as delivery of a manually executed counterpart of this Agreement.

 

(b)                                  Electronic Execution of Assignments .  The words “execution,” “signed,” “signature,” and words of like import in any Assignment and Assumption shall be deemed to include electronic signatures or the keeping of records in electronic form, each of which shall be of the same legal effect, validity or enforceability as a manually executed signature or the use of a paper-based recordkeeping system, as the case may be, to the extent and as provided for in any applicable law, including the Federal Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act, the New York State Electronic Signatures and Records Act, or any other similar state laws based on the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act.

 

Section 9.15                              Waiver of Jury Trial .  THE BORROWER, THE LENDERS, THE ISSUING LENDER AND THE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT HEREBY ACKNOWLEDGE THAT THEY HAVE BEEN REPRESENTED BY AND HAVE CONSULTED WITH COUNSEL OF THEIR CHOICE, AND HEREBY KNOWINGLY, VOLUNTARILY, INTENTIONALLY, AND IRREVOCABLY WAIVE ANY AND ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN RESPECT OF ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT, ANY OTHER LOAN DOCUMENT, OR ANY OF THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY OR THEREBY.

 

Section 9.16                              USA Patriot Act .  Each Lender that is subject to the Patriot Act and the Administrative Agent (for itself and not on behalf of any Lender) hereby notifies each Loan Party that pursuant to the requirements of the Patriot Act it is required to obtain, verify and record information that identifies such Loan Party, which information includes the name and address of such Loan Party and other information that will allow such Lender or the Administrative Agent, as applicable, to identify such Loan Party in accordance with the Patriot Act.

 

Section 9.17                              Enduring Security .  The parties hereto acknowledge and agree that:

 

(a)                                  it is the parties’ intent that the Liens created or intended to be created under the Loan Documents secure, among other things, all obligations of the Loan Parties owing to any Swap Counterparty under any Hedging Arrangement even after such Swap Counterparty ceases to be a Lender or an Affiliate of a Lender hereunder; provided , however , as provided in the definition of “Swap Counterparty”, (i) when any Swap Counterparty assigns or otherwise transfers any interest held by it under any Hedging Arrangement to any other Person pursuant to the terms of such agreement, the obligations thereunder shall be secured by such Liens only if such assignee or transferee is also then a Lender or an Affiliate of a Lender and (ii) if a Swap Counterparty ceases to be a Lender hereunder or an Affiliate of a Lender hereunder, obligations owing to such Swap Counterparty shall be secured by such Liens only to the extent such obligations arise from transactions under such individual Hedging Arrangements (and not the Master Agreement between such parties) entered into prior to the Effective Date or at the time such Swap Counterparty was a Lender hereunder or an Affiliate of a Lender

 

106



 

hereunder, without giving effect to any extension, increases, or modifications thereof which are made after such Swap Counterparty ceases to be a Lender hereunder or an Affiliate of a Lender hereunder; and

 

(b)                                  the Borrower’s and its Subsidiaries’ ability to enter into, or otherwise be party to, Hedging Arrangements are limited by the terms under this Agreement, including the limitations in Section 6.15 above which restricts, among other things, the Borrower’s and its Subsidiaries’ ability to enter into, or otherwise be party to, secured Hedging Arrangements with counterparties that are not Swap Counterparties or Hedging Arrangements that have margin call requirements.

 

Section 9.18                              Keepwell .  Each Qualified ECP Guarantor hereby jointly and severally absolutely, unconditionally and irrevocably undertakes to provide such funds or other support as may be needed from time to time by each other Loan Party to honor all of its obligations under this Agreement in respect of Swap Obligations (provided, however, that each Qualified ECP Guarantor shall only be liable under this Section 9.18 for the maximum amount of such liability that can be hereby incurred without rendering its obligations under this Section 9.18 , or otherwise under this Agreement, voidable under applicable law relating to fraudulent conveyance or fraudulent transfer, and not for any greater amount). The obligations of each Qualified ECP Guarantor under this Section shall remain in full force and effect until the termination of all Commitments and payment in full of all Secured Obligations (other than contingent indemnification obligations) and the expiration or termination of all Letters of Credit (other than Letters of Credit as to which other arrangements satisfactory to the Administrative Agent and the Issuing Lender have been made). Each Qualified ECP Guarantor intends that this Section 9.18 constitute, and this Section 9.18 shall be deemed to constitute, a “keepwell, support, or other agreement” for the benefit of each other Loan Party for all purposes of Section 1a(18)(A)(v)(II) of the Commodity Exchange Act.

 

Section 9.19                              No Advisory or Fiduciary Responsibility .  In connection with all aspects of each transaction contemplated hereby (including in connection with any amendment, waiver or other modification hereof or of any other Loan Document), the Borrower acknowledges and agrees, and acknowledges its Affiliates’ understanding, that: (i) (A) the arranging and other services regarding this Agreement provided by the Administrative Agent , the Arranger and the Lenders are arm’s-length commercial transactions between the Borrower and its Affiliates, on the one hand, and the Administrative Agent , the Arranger and the Lenders, on the other hand, (B) the Borrower has consulted its own legal, accounting, regulatory and tax advisors to the extent it has deemed appropriate, and (C) the Borrower is capable of evaluating, and understands and accepts, the terms, risks and conditions of the transactions contemplated hereby and by the other Loan Documents; (ii) (A) the Administrative Agent , the Arranger and each Lender is and has been acting solely as a principal and, except as expressly agreed in writing by the relevant parties, has not been, is not, and will not be acting as an advisor, agent or fiduciary for the Borrower or any of its Affiliates, or any other Person and (B) neither the Administrative Agent , the Arranger nor any Lender has any obligation to the Borrower or any of its Affiliates with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby except those obligations expressly set forth herein and in the other Loan Documents; and (iii) the Administrative Agent , the Arranger and the Lenders and their respective Affiliates may be engaged in a broad range of transactions that involve interests that differ from those of the Borrower and its Affiliates, and neither the Administrative Agent , the Arranger nor any Lender has any obligation to disclose any of such interests to the Borrower or its Affiliates.  To the fullest extent permitted by law, the Borrower hereby waives and releases any claims that it may have against the Administrative Agent , the Arranger or any Lender with respect to any breach or alleged breach of agency or fiduciary duty in connection with any aspect of any transaction contemplated hereby.

 

Section 9.20                              Confirmation of Flood Policies and Procedures .  Wells Fargo has adopted internal policies and procedures that address requirements placed on federally regulated lenders under the National Flood Insurance Reform Act of 1994 and related legislation (the “ Flood Laws ”).  Wells Fargo,

 

107



 

as Administrative Agent, will post on the applicable electronic platform (or otherwise distribute to each Lender) documents that it receives in connection with the Flood Laws; however, Wells Fargo reminds each Lender and Participant that, pursuant to the Flood Laws, each federally regulated Lender (whether acting as a Lender or Participant) is responsible for assuring its own compliance with the flood insurance requirements.

 

Section 9.21                              Integration THIS WRITTEN AGREEMENT AND THE LOAN DOCUMENTS, AS DEFINED IN THIS AGREEMENT, REPRESENT THE FINAL AGREEMENT AMONG THE PARTIES AND SUPERSEDE ALL PRIOR UNDERSTANDINGS AND AGREEMENTS, WHETHER WRITTEN OR ORAL, RELATING TO THE TRANSACTIONS PROVIDED FOR HEREIN AND THEREIN.  ADDITIONALLY, THIS AGREEMENT AND THE LOAN DOCUMENTS MAY NOT BE CONTRADICTED BY EVIDENCE OF PRIOR, CONTEMPORANEOUS, OR SUBSEQUENT ORAL AGREEMENTS OF THE PARTIES .

 

IN EXECUTING THIS AGREEMENT, EACH LOAN PARTY HERETO HEREBY WARRANTS AND REPRESENTS IT IS NOT RELYING ON ANY STATEMENT OR REPRESENTATION OTHER THAN THOSE IN THIS AGREEMENT AND IS RELYING UPON ITS OWN JUDGMENT AND ADVICE OF ITS ATTORNEYS.

 

[Remainder of this page intentionally left blank.  Signature pages follow.]

 

108



 

EXECUTED as of the date first above written.

 

 

BORROWER :

 

 

 

EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Rusty Kelley

 

Name:

Rusty Kelley

 

Title:

Chief Financial Officer

 

[SIGNATURE PAGE TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC]

 



 

 

ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT/LENDERS:

 

 

 

WELLS FARGO BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION ,
as Administrative Agent, Issuing Lender, and a Lender

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Joseph T. Rottinghaus

 

Name:

Joseph T. Rottinghaus

 

Title:

Vice President

 

[SIGNATURE PAGE TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC]

 


 

 

LENDERS:

 

 

 

ROYAL BANK OF CANADA ,

 

as a Lender

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Mark Lumpkin, Jr.

 

Name:

Mark Lumpkin, Jr.

 

Title:

Authorized Signatory

 

[SIGNATURE PAGE TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC]

 



 

 

BOKF, NA ,

 

as a Lender

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Benjamin H. Adler

 

Name:

Benjamin H. Adler

 

Title:

Vice President

 

[SIGNATURE PAGE TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC]

 



 

 

GOLDMAN SACHS BANK USA ,

 

as a Lender

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Mark Walton

 

Name:

Mark Walton

 

Title:

Authorized Signatory

 

[SIGNATURE PAGE TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC]

 



 

SCHEDULE I

 

Commitments, Contact Information

 

ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT/ ISSUING LENDER

 

Wells Fargo Bank, National Association

Address :

1700 Lincoln St., 6 th  Floor

 

 

Denver, CO 80203

 

Attn :

Joe Rottinghaus

 

Telephone :

303-863-5367

 

Facsimile :

303-863-5196

 

 

LOAN PARTIES

 

Borrower/Guarantors

Address :

1888 Sherman St., Suite 200

 

 

Denver, CO 80203

 

Attn:

Mr. Rusty Kelley

 

Telephone :

720-557-8302

 

Facsimile :

720-557-8301

 

Email :

rtkelley@extractionog.com

 

 

Lender

 

Commitment

 

Wells Fargo Bank, National Association

 

$

222,222,222

 

Royal Bank of Canada

 

$

129,629,630

 

BOKF, NA

 

$

92,592,592

 

Goldman Sachs Bank USA

 

$

55,555,556

 

Total:

 

$

500,000,000

 

 

[SIGNATURE PAGE TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC]

 



 

SCHEDULE II

 

PRICING GRID

 

Applicable Margins

 

Utilization Level*

 

Base Rate Loans

 

Eurodollar 
Loans

 

Commitment Fee 
Rate

 

Level I

 

0.50

%

1.50

%

0.375

%

Level II

 

0.75

%

1.75

%

0.375

%

Level III

 

1.00

%

2.00

%

0.500

%

Level IV

 

1.25

%

2.25

%

0.500

%

Level V

 

1.50

%

2.50

%

0.500

%

 


* Utilization Levels are described below and are determined in accordance with the definition of “Utilization Level”.

 

1.  Level I: If the Utilization Level is less than 25%.

2.  Level II: If the Utilization Level is greater than or equal to 25% but less than 50%.

3.  Level III: If the Utilization Level is greater than or equal to 50% but less than 75%.

4.  Level IV: If the Utilization Level is greater than or equal to 75% but less than 90%.

5.  Level V: If the Utilization Level is greater than or equal to 90%.

 

1


 

Schedule III

 

Additional Conditions and Requirements for New Subsidiaries

 

Simultaneously with the creation of a new Subsidiary or acquisition of a new Subsidiary (or such later date as may be approved by the Administrative Agent in its sole discretion, but in any event prior to or simultaneously with the date required under the Second Lien Loan Documents), the Administrative Agent shall have received each of the following:

 

(a)                                  Guaranty .  A joinder and supplement to the Guaranty executed by such Subsidiary;

 

(b)                                  Pledge and Security Agreement .   An assumption agreement to the Pledge and Security Agreement executed by such Subsidiary, in any event, together with stock certificates, notes or instruments, in each case with instruments of transfer executed in blank, UCC-1 financing statements, and any other documents, agreements, or instruments necessary to create and perfect an Acceptable Security Interest in the Collateral described in the Pledge and Security Agreement, as so supplemented, and together with an amendment to the Pledge and Security Agreement executed by the equity holders of such Subsidiary pledging 100% of the Equity Interest owned by such equity holder of such Subsidiary and such evidence of corporate, limited liability company or partnership authority to enter into such pledge and security agreement as the Administrative Agent may reasonably request, along with share certificates pledged thereby and appropriately executed stock powers in blank, if applicable;

 

(c)                                   Mortgages .  If such Subsidiary owns any Oil and Gas Properties required to be pledged as Collateral, a fully executed Mortgage covering such Oil and Gas Properties, and such evidence of corporate authority to enter into such Guaranty, Pledge and Security Agreement, and Mortgage as the Administrative Agent may reasonably request;

 

(d)                                  Reserved;

 

(e)                                   Corporate Documents .  A secretary’s certificate from such new Subsidiary certifying such Subsidiary’s (i) Responsible Officer’s incumbency, (ii) authorizing resolutions, (iii) organizational documents, (iv) necessary governmental approvals, and (v) certificate of good standing in such Subsidiary’s state of organization dated a date not earlier than 30 days prior to date of delivery or otherwise in effect on the date of delivery;

 

(f)                                    Patriot Act .  All documentation and other information that is required by regulatory authorities under applicable “know your customer” and anti-money-laundering rules and regulations, including, without limitation, the Patriot Act; and

 

(g)                                   Opinion of Counsel .  If requested by the Administrative Agent, an opinion of counsel in form and substance reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent related to such new Subsidiary and substantially similar to the legal opinion delivered at the Effective Date with respect to the other Subsidiaries in existence on the Effective Date.

 

1



 

SCHEDULE 3.1

 

Hedge Requirement

 

 

 

9.1.14 - 9.30.14

 

4Q14

 

1Q15

 

2Q15

 

3Q15

 

4Q15

 

1Q16

 

2Q16

 

3Q16

 

Oil (Mbbls)

 

74.94

 

183.056

 

147.528

 

127.792

 

113.176

 

100.864

 

90.136

 

82.344

 

76.672

 

Bbl/ Day

 

2,498.00

 

1,989.74

 

1,639.20

 

1,404.31

 

1,230.17

 

1,096.35

 

990.505495

 

904.879121

 

833.391304

 

Strike

 

$

90.00

 

$

90.00

 

$

90.00

 

$

90.00

 

$

90.00

 

$

85.00

 

$

85.00

 

$

85.00

 

$

85.00

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gas (Mmcf)

 

171.0125

 

452.552

 

380.4

 

338.608

 

305.72

 

276.624

 

250.08

 

230.632

 

216.568

 

Mcf/ Day

 

5,700.42

 

4,919.04

 

4,226.67

 

3,720.97

 

3,323.04

 

3,006.78

 

2,748.13

 

2,534.42

 

2,354.00

 

Strike

 

$

3.70

 

$

3.70

 

$

3.70

 

$

3.70

 

$

3.70

 

$

3.85

 

$

3.85

 

$

3.85

 

$

3.85

 

 



 

SCHEDULE 4.1

 

Organizational Information

 

Name of Loan Party

 

Type of 
Organization

 

Jurisdiction of 
Formation

 

Federal Employer 
Identification Number

Extraction Oil & Gas Holdings, LLC

 

Limited liability company

 

Delaware

 

46-5711050

Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC

 

Limited liability company

 

Delaware

 

46-1473923

 



 

SCHEDULE 4.11

 

Subsidiaries

 

Entity

 

Owner

 

Interest Owned

 

Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC

 

Extraction Oil & Gas Holdings, LLC

 

100

%

 



 

SCHEDULE 4.16

 

Material Real Property

 

None.

 



 

SCHEDULE 4.23

 

Hedging Agreements

 

Counterparty

 

Term

 

Notional Amount /
Volume

 

Net Mark to
Market Value(1)

 

Type

 

Form of 
Credit 
Support

 

Wells Fargo

 

9/2014 to 8/2015

 

613.762Mbbl

 

$1,920,012.50

 

Swap

 

Cash

 

Wells Fargo

 

9/2015 to 9/2016

 

387.738Mbbl

 

$343,783.41

 

Collar

 

Cash

 

Wells Fargo

 

9/2014 to 9/2016

 

2,633.596Mmcf

 

-$107,135.76

 

Swap

 

Cash

 

 


(1)  As of Close of Business on Sept. 2, 2014.

 



 

SCHEDULE 4.24

 

Material Agreements

 

1.               Restated Area of Mutual Interest Agreement, dated effective as of May 28, 2014, between Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC and Tekton Windsor LLC.

 

2.               Wellbore Participation Agreement, dated October 1, 2013 between Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC and Mineral Resources, Inc., as amended by Amendment to Wellbore Participation Agreement, dated February 2014 between Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC and Mineral Resources, Inc.

 

3.               Purchase and Sale Agreement dated March 4, 2014 by and between Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC, as buyer, and Tekton Windsor LLC, as seller.

 

4.               Purchase and Sale Agreement dated May 23, 2014 by and between Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC, as buyer, and Sundance Energy, Inc. as seller.

 

5.               Contract for Extreme7 drill rig.

 

6.               Earning Agreement between Noble Energy Inc. and Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC dated May 19, 2014 known as the “Noble-Grover” contract.

 

7.               Purchase and Sale Agreement dated June 16, 2014 by and between Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC, as buyer, and Mineral Resources, Inc. and Richmark Energy Partners, LLC, as sellers, as amended by First Amendment to Purchase and Sale Agreement dated as of June 18, 2014 by and between Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC, as buyer, and Mineral Resources, Inc. and Richmark Energy Partners, LLC, as sellers, and by Second Amendment to Purchase and Sale Agreement dated as of August 13, 2014 by and between Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC, as buyer, and Mineral Resources, Inc. and Richmark Energy Partners, LLC, as sellers.

 

8.               Purchase and Sale Agreement dated August 20, 2014 by and between Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC, as buyer, and Bayswater Exploration & Production, LLC, Bayswater Blenheim Holdings, LLC, and Bayswater Blenheim Holdings II, LLC, as sellers.

 

9.               Grand Mesa Pipeline LLC Local Tariff Containing Rules, Regulations and Rates Governing the Interstate Transportation of Crude Petroleum by Pipeline from origins in Weld County, Colorado to a destination in Lincoln County, Oklahoma.

 

10.        Transportation Services Agreement dated September 3, 2014 by and between Grand Mesa Pipeline, LLC and Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC.

 

11.        Transportation Services Agreement dated September 3, 2014 by and between Grand Mesa Pipeline, LLC and Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC.

 




Exhibit 10.2

 

Execution Version

 

AMENDMENT NO. 1 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT

 

This Amendment No. 1 to Credit Agreement (this “ Agreement ”) dated as of September 24, 2014 is among Extraction Oil & Gas Holdings, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “ Borrower ”), Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “ Guarantor ”), the undersigned Lenders (as defined below), and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Administrative Agent for the Lenders (in such capacity, the “ Administrative Agent ”) and as Issuing Lender (the “ Issuing Lender ”).

 

INTRODUCTION

 

A.                                     The Borrower, financial institutions party thereto as Lenders (the “ Lenders ”), the Issuing Lender, and the Administrative Agent have entered into the Credit Agreement dated as of September 4, 2014 (as may be amended, restated, or modified from time to time, the “ Credit Agreement ”).

 

B.                                     The Guarantor has entered into the Guaranty Agreement dated as of September 4, 2014 (as amended, restated, or otherwise modified from time to time, the “ Guaranty ”) in favor of the Administrative Agent for the benefit of the Secured Parties (as defined in the Credit Agreement).

 

C.                                     The Borrower has requested that the Lenders and the Administrative Agent amend the Credit Agreement as set forth herein.

 

THEREFORE, in fulfillment of the foregoing, the Borrower, the Guarantor, the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Lender, and the undersigned Lenders hereby agree as follows:

 

Section 1.                                            Definitions; References . Unless otherwise defined in this Agreement, each term used in this Agreement which is defined in the Credit Agreement has the meaning assigned to such term in the Credit Agreement.

 

Section 2.                                            Amendments to Credit Agreement . Upon the satisfaction of the conditions specified in Section 6 of this Agreement, and effective as of the date set forth above, the Credit Agreement is amended as follows:

 

(a)                                  Clause (j) of the definition of “Debt” in Section 1.1 of the Credit Agreement is amended by adding the following language at the end of such clause: “, except that such obligations arising under take-or-pay arrangements shall not constitute Debt for purposes of the calculations for compliance under Section 6.16(a) ”.

 

(b)                                  Section 1.1 of the Credit Agreement is amended to add the following defined term in alphabetical order:

 

Tallgrass Letter Agreement ” means the Letter Agreement for Firm Transportation Services on the TIGT Colorado Lateral dated September 18, 2014, together with any changes thereto acceptable to the Administrative Agent, including any “FTSA” as defined

 



 

therein and any credit support documentation for any thereof, in each case as may be approved by the Administrative Agent.

 

(c)                                   Section 6.1 of the Credit Agreement is amended by replacing the period at the end of clause (l) with “; and” and adding a new clause (m) to read in its entirety as follows:

 

“(m)                        Debt under the Tallgrass Letter Agreement.”

 

Section 3.                                            Reaffirmation of Liens .

 

(a)                                  Each of the Borrower and the Guarantor (i) is party to certain Security Documents securing and supporting the Borrower’s and Guarantor’s obligations under the Loan Documents, (ii) represents and warrants that it has no defenses to the enforcement of the Security Documents and that according to their terms the Security Documents will continue in full force and effect to secure the Borrower’s and Guarantor’s obligations under the Loan Documents, as the same may be amended, supplemented, or otherwise modified, and (iii) acknowledges, represents, and warrants that the liens and security interests created by the Security Documents are valid and subsisting and create a first and prior Lien (subject only to Permitted Liens) in the Collateral to secure the Secured Obligations.

 

(b)                                  The delivery of this Agreement does not indicate or establish a requirement that any Loan Document requires the Guarantor’s approval of amendments to the Credit Agreement.

 

Section 4.                                            Reaffirmation of Guaranty . The Guarantor hereby ratifies, confirms, and acknowledges that its obligations under the Guaranty and the other Loan Documents are in full force and effect and that the Guarantor continues to unconditionally and irrevocably guarantee the full and punctual payment, when due, whether at stated maturity or earlier by acceleration or otherwise, of all of the Guaranteed Obligations (as defined in the Guaranty), as such Guaranteed Obligations may have been amended by this Agreement. The Guarantor hereby acknowledges that its execution and delivery of this Agreement do not indicate or establish an approval or consent requirement by the Guarantor under the Credit Agreement in connection with the execution and delivery of amendments, modifications or waivers to the Credit Agreement, the Notes or any of the other Loan Documents.

 

Section 5.                                            Representations and Warranties . Each of the Borrower and the Guarantor represents and warrants to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders that:

 

(a)                                  the representations and warranties set forth in the Credit Agreement and in the other Loan Documents are true and correct in all material respects as of the date of this Agreement (except to the extent such representations and warranties relate to an earlier date, in which case such representations and warranties shall be true and correct in all material respects as of such earlier date); provided that such materiality qualifier shall not apply if such representation or warranty is already subject to a materiality qualifier in the Credit Agreement or such other Loan Document;

 

(b)                                  (i) the execution, delivery, and performance of this Agreement are within the corporate, limited partnership or limited liability company power, as appropriate, and

 

2



 

authority of the Borrower and Guarantors and have been duly authorized by appropriate proceedings and (ii) this Agreement constitutes a legal, valid, and binding obligation of the Borrower and Guarantors, enforceable against the Borrower and Guarantors in accordance with its terms, except as limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, or similar laws affecting the rights of creditors generally and general principles of equity; and

 

(c)                                   as of the effectiveness of this Agreement and after giving effect thereto, no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing.

 

Section 6.                                            Effectiveness . This Agreement shall become effective as of the date hereof upon the occurrence of all of the following:

 

(a)                                  Documentation . The Administrative Agent shall have received this Agreement, duly and validly executed by the Borrower, the Guarantor, the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Bank and the Majority Lenders, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent and the Majority Lenders.

 

(b)                                  Representations and Warranties . The representations and warranties in this Agreement being true and correct in all material respects before and after giving effect to this Agreement (except to the extent such representations and warranties relate to an earlier date, in which case such representations and warranties shall be true and correct in all material respects as of such earlier date); provided that such materiality qualifier shall not apply if such representation or warranty is already subject to a materiality qualifier in the Credit Agreement or such other Loan Document.

 

(c)                                   No Default or Event of Default . There being no Default or Event of Default which has occurred and is continuing.

 

(d)                                  Expenses . The Borrower’s having paid all costs, expenses, and fees which have been invoiced and are payable pursuant to Section 9.1 of the Credit Agreement or any other agreement.

 

Section 7.                                            Effect on Loan Documents . Except as amended herein, the Credit Agreement and the Loan Documents remain in full force and effect as originally executed, and nothing herein shall act as a waiver of any of the Administrative Agent’s or Lenders’ rights under the Loan Documents. This Agreement is a Loan Document for the purposes of the provisions of the other Loan Documents. Without limiting the foregoing, any breach of representations, warranties, and covenants under this Agreement is a Default or Event of Default under other Loan Documents.

 

Section 8.                                            Choice of Law . This Agreement shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with the laws of the State of New York without regard to conflicts of laws principles (other than Sections 5-1401 and 5-1402 of the General Obligations Law of the State of New York).

 

Section 9.                                            Counterparts . This Agreement may be signed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be an original.

 

3



 

THIS WRITTEN AGREEMENT AND THE LOAN DOCUMENTS, AS DEFINED IN THE CREDIT AGREEMENT, REPRESENT THE FINAL AGREEMENT AMONG THE PARTIES AND MAY NOT BE CONTRADICTED BY EVIDENCE OF PRIOR, CONTEMPORANEOUS, OR SUBSEQUENT ORAL AGREEMENTS OF THE PARTIES. THERE ARE NO UNWRITTEN ORAL AGREEMENTS BETWEEN THE PARTIES.

 

4


 

EXECUTED as of the date first set forth above.

 

BORROWER :

 

 

 

 

 

EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Rusty Kelley

 

 

Name:

Rusty Kelley

 

 

Title:

CFO

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

GUARANTOR :

 

 

 

 

 

EXTRACTION OIL & GAS, LLC

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Rusty Kelley

 

 

Name:

Rusty Kelley

 

 

Title:

CFO

 

[SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 1 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT - EXTRACTION]

 



 

 

ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT/ISSUING LENDER/LENDER :

 

 

 

WELLS FARGO BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,

 

as Administrative Agent, Issuing Lender and a Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Michaela E. Braun

 

Name:

Michaela E. Braun

 

Title:

Director

 

[SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 1 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT - EXTRACTION]

 



 

 

LENDERS :

 

 

 

ROYAL BANK OF CANADA,

 

as a Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Mark Lumpkin, Jr.

 

Name:

Mark Lumpkin, Jr.

 

Title:

Authorized Signatory

 

[SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 1 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT - EXTRACTION]

 



 

 

BOKF, NA,

 

as a Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Benjamin H. Adler

 

Name:

Benjamin H. Adler

 

Title:

Vice President

 

[SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 1 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT - EXTRACTION]

 



 

 

GOLDMAN SACHS BANK USA,

 

as a Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Michelle Latzoni

 

Name:

Michelle Latzoni

 

Title:

Authorized Signatory

 

[SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 1 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT - EXTRACTION]

 




Exhibit 10.3

 

Execution Version

 

AMENDMENT NO. 2 AND JOINDER TO CREDIT AGREEMENT

 

This Amendment No. 2 and Joinder to Credit Agreement (this “ Agreement ”) dated as of November 10, 2014 is among Extraction Oil & Gas Holdings, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “ Borrower ”), Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, XTR Midstream, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, and 7N, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (collectively, the “ Guarantors ”), the undersigned Existing Lenders (as defined below), the New Lenders (as defined below), and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Administrative Agent for the Lenders (in such capacity, the “ Administrative Agent ”) and as Issuing Lender (the “ Issuing Lender ”).

 

INTRODUCTION

 

A.                                     The Borrower, financial institutions party thereto as Lenders (the “ Existing Lenders ”, and together with the New Lenders (as defined below), collectively, the “ Lenders ”), the Issuing Lender, and the Administrative Agent have entered into the Credit Agreement dated as of September 4, 2014, as amended by the Amendment No. 1 dated as of September 24, 2014 (as so amended and as may be otherwise amended, restated, or modified from time to time, the “ Credit Agreement ”).

 

B.                                     The Guarantors have entered into the Guaranty Agreement dated as of September 4, 2014 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “ Guaranty ”) in favor of the Administrative Agent for the benefit of the Secured Parties (as defined in the Credit Agreement).

 

C.                                     The Lenders agree to set the Borrowing Base at $200,000,000 for the November 1, 2014 redetermination.

 

D.                                     In connection with the Borrowing Base redetermination provided for herein, the undersigned New Lenders (the “ New Lenders ”) desire to become party to the Credit Agreement as a Lender and the Commitments of the Existing Lenders and the New Lenders shall be adjusted to the amounts set forth on Schedule I attached hereto.

 

E.                                      The Borrower has requested that the Lenders and the Administrative Agent amend the Credit Agreement as set forth herein.

 

THEREFORE, in fulfillment of the foregoing, the Borrower, the Guarantors, the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Lender, and the undersigned Lenders hereby agree as follows:

 

Section 1.                                            Definitions; References .  Unless otherwise defined in this Agreement, each term used in this Agreement which is defined in the Credit Agreement has the meaning assigned to such term in the Credit Agreement.

 

Section 2.                                            Joinder of New Lenders .

 

(a)                                  Each New Lender is hereby added to the Credit Agreement as a Lender, with the Commitment set forth opposite its name on Schedule I attached hereto. Each New

 



 

Lender agrees to be bound by all of the terms and provisions of the Credit Agreement binding on each Lender.

 

(b)                                  The Commitment of each Existing Lender is adjusted to the amount set forth opposite its name on Schedule I attached hereto.

 

(c)                                   Each Lender acknowledges that it has, independently and without reliance upon the Administrative Agent or any other Lender and based on the financial statements referred to in Section 5.2 of the Credit Agreement and such other documents and information as it has deemed appropriate, made its own credit analysis and decision to enter into this Agreement and to agree to the various matters set forth herein.  Each Lender also acknowledges that it will, independently and without reliance upon the Administrative Agent or any other Lender and based on such documents and information as it shall deem appropriate at the time, continue to make its own credit decisions in taking or not taking action under the Credit Agreement.

 

Section 3.                                            Amendments to Credit Agreement .  Upon the satisfaction of the conditions specified in Section 6 of this Agreement, and effective as of the date set forth above, the Credit Agreement is amended as follows:

 

(a)                                  Section 1.1 of the Credit Agreement is amended to add the following defined terms in alphabetical order:

 

Amendment No. 2 Effective Date ” means November 10, 2014.

 

Approved Transportation Agreements ” means the Grand Mesa Agreements, the Tallgrass Letter Agreement and such other transportation services agreements as may be approved by the Majority Lenders in writing, in each case, together with such changes thereto as may be approved by the Administrative Agent.

 

Grand Mesa Agreements ” means the two Transportation Agreements dated September 3, 2014 between the Company and Grand Mesa Pipeline, LLC (“Grand Mesa”), both of which relate to a crude oil pipeline to be constructed and operated by Grand Mesa that will originate at a station to be constructed near Lucerne, Weld County, Colorado and terminate at NGL Energy Partner LP’s terminal in Cushing, Oklahoma, the first of which provides for committed volumes of 40,000 barrels per day of crude petroleum and a commitment term of ten years, the second of which provides for committed volumes of 20,000 barrels per day of crude petroleum and a commitment term of five years, in each case, together with such changes thereto as may be approved by the Administrative Agent.

 

(b)                                  The definition of “Eurodollar Base Rate” in Section 1.1 of the Credit Agreement is amended by adding the following language immediately before the period at the end of such definition “; provided further that if such rate is less than zero, such rate shall be deemed to be zero”.

 

2



 

(c)                                   The definition of Debt in Section 1.1 of the Credit Agreement is amended to add the following clause immediately before the semicolon at the end of clause (j) of such definition: “except that such obligations owing in connection with take-or-pay arrangements shall not constitute Debt for purposes of the calculations for compliance under Section 6.16(a) ”.

 

(d)                                  Section 2.2(a)  is amended to read in its entirety as follows:

 

“(a)                            Borrowing Base .  The Borrowing Base in effect as of the Amendment No. 2 Effective Date has been set by the Administrative Agent and the Lenders and acknowledged by the Borrower as $200,000,000. Such Borrowing Base shall remain in effect until the next redetermination or reduction made pursuant to this Section 2.2 .  The Borrowing Base shall be determined in accordance with the standards set forth in Section 2.2(d)  and is subject to periodic redetermination pursuant to Sections 2.2(b) , and 2.2(c)  and reductions pursuant to Section 2.2(e) .”

 

(e)                                   Section 2.2(d)  is amended by replacing clause (A) thereof to read in its entirety as follows: “(A) evidence of title reasonably satisfactory in form and substance to the Administrative Agent covering at least (x) prior to the Post-Closing Deadline, 70% (by value) of the Proven Reserves and the Oil and Gas Properties relating thereto, and (y) thereafter either (i) 95% (by value) of the PDP Reserves and the Oil and Gas Properties relating thereto or (ii) 80% (by value) of the Proven Reserves and the Oil and Gas Properties relating thereto, and”.

 

(f)                                    Section 2.4(a)  is amended by replacing the language “11:00 a.m.” with 12:00 p.m.”.

 

(g)                                   Section 5.11 is amended by replacing the language “and (y) thereafter, 80% of the present value of the Proven Reserves of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries” with “and (y) thereafter, either (i) 80% of the present value of the Proven Reserves of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries or (ii) 95% of the present value of PDP Reserves of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries”.

 

(h)                                  Section 6.1 of the Credit Agreement is amended by replacing clause (m) to read in its entirety as follows:

 

“(m)                        Debt under Approved Transportation Agreements and other take-or-pay arrangements in an aggregate maximum amount not to exceed $50,000,000 for the life of such take-or-pay arrangements (excluding from such calculation the amount of any take-or-pay arrangements under the Approved Transportation Agreements), in each case, provided that such Debt is permitted under the Second Lien Loan Documents.”

 

(i)                                      Schedule I to the Credit Agreement is amended to read in its entirety as set forth on Schedule I attached hereto.

 

3



 

Section 4.                                            Reaffirmation of Liens .

 

(a)                                  Each of the Borrower and each Guarantor (i) is party to certain Security Documents securing and supporting the Borrower’s and Guarantors’ obligations under the Loan Documents, (ii) represents and warrants that it has no defenses to the enforcement of the Security Documents and that according to their terms the Security Documents will continue in full force and effect to secure the Borrower’s and Guarantors’ obligations under the Loan Documents, as the same may be amended, supplemented, or otherwise modified, and (iii) acknowledges, represents, and warrants that the liens and security interests created by the Security Documents are valid and subsisting and create a first and prior Lien (subject only to Permitted Liens) in the Collateral to secure the Secured Obligations.

 

(b)                                  The delivery of this Agreement does not indicate or establish a requirement that any Loan Document requires any Guarantor’s approval of amendments to the Credit Agreement.

 

Section 5.                                            Reaffirmation of Guaranty .  Each Guarantor hereby ratifies, confirms, and acknowledges that its obligations under the Guaranty and the other Loan Documents are in full force and effect and that such Guarantor continues to unconditionally and irrevocably guarantee the full and punctual payment, when due, whether at stated maturity or earlier by acceleration or otherwise, of all of the Guaranteed Obligations (as defined in the Guaranty), as such Guaranteed Obligations may have been amended by this Agreement.  Each Guarantor hereby acknowledges that its execution and delivery of this Agreement do not indicate or establish an approval or consent requirement by such Guarantor under the Credit Agreement in connection with the execution and delivery of amendments, modifications or waivers to the Credit Agreement, the Notes or any of the other Loan Documents.

 

Section 6.                                            Representations and Warranties .  Each of the Borrower and each Guarantor represents and warrants to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders that:

 

(a)                                  the representations and warranties set forth in the Credit Agreement and in the other Loan Documents are true and correct in all material respects as of the date of this Agreement (except to the extent such representations and warranties relate to an earlier date, in which case such representations and warranties shall be true and correct in all material respects as of such earlier date); provided that such materiality qualifier shall not apply if such representation or warranty is already subject to a materiality qualifier in the Credit Agreement or such other Loan Document;

 

(b)                                  (i) the execution, delivery, and performance of this Agreement are within the corporate, limited partnership or limited liability company power, as appropriate, and authority of the Borrower and Guarantors and have been duly authorized by appropriate proceedings and (ii) this Agreement constitutes a legal, valid, and binding obligation of the Borrower and Guarantors, enforceable against the Borrower and Guarantors in accordance with its terms, except as limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, or similar laws affecting the rights of creditors generally and general principles of equity; and

 

(c)                                   as of the effectiveness of this Agreement and after giving effect thereto, no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing.

 

4



 

Section 7.                                            Effectiveness .  This Agreement shall become effective as of the date hereof upon the occurrence of all of the following:

 

(a)                                  Documentation . The Administrative Agent shall have received:

 

(1)                                  this Agreement, duly and validly executed by the Borrower, the Guarantors, the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Bank each Existing Lender and each New Lender, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders;

 

(2)                                  a Note payable to each Lender in the amount of such Lender’s Commitment, duly and validly executed by the Borrower; and

 

(3)                                  a Fee Letter dated as of November 10, 2014 duly and validly executed by the Borrower, the Administrative Agent and Wells Fargo Securities, LLC (the “ Fee Letter ”).

 

(b)                                  Representations and Warranties .  The representations and warranties in this Agreement being true and correct in all material respects before and after giving effect to this Agreement (except to the extent such representations and warranties relate to an earlier date, in which case such representations and warranties shall be true and correct in all material respects as of such earlier date); provided that such materiality qualifier shall not apply if such representation or warranty is already subject to a materiality qualifier in the Credit Agreement or such other Loan Document.

 

(c)                                   No Default or Event of Default . There being no Default or Event of Default which has occurred and is continuing.

 

(d)                                  Expenses .  The Borrower’s having paid all costs, expenses, and fees which have been invoiced and are payable pursuant to Section 9.1 of the Credit Agreement or any other agreement, including pursuant to the Fee Letter.

 

Section 8.                                            Effect on Loan Documents .  Except as amended herein, the Credit Agreement and the Loan Documents remain in full force and effect as originally executed, and nothing herein shall act as a waiver of any of the Administrative Agent’s or Lenders’ rights under the Loan Documents.  This Agreement is a Loan Document for the purposes of the provisions of the other Loan Documents.  Without limiting the foregoing, any breach of representations, warranties, and covenants under this Agreement is a Default or Event of Default under other Loan Documents.

 

Section 9.                                            Choice of Law .  This Agreement shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with the laws of the State of New York without regard to conflicts of laws principles (other than Sections 5-1401 and 5-1402 of the General Obligations Law of the State of New York).

 

Section 10.                                     Counterparts .  This Agreement may be signed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be an original.

 

5



 

THIS WRITTEN AGREEMENT AND THE LOAN DOCUMENTS, AS DEFINED IN THE CREDIT AGREEMENT, REPRESENT THE FINAL AGREEMENT AMONG THE PARTIES AND MAY NOT BE CONTRADICTED BY EVIDENCE OF PRIOR, CONTEMPORANEOUS, OR SUBSEQUENT ORAL AGREEMENTS OF THE PARTIES.  THERE ARE NO UNWRITTEN ORAL AGREEMENTS BETWEEN THE PARTIES.

 

6


 

EXECUTED as of the date first set forth above.

 

BORROWER :

 

 

 

 

 

EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Rusty Kelley

 

 

Name:

Rusty Kelley

 

 

Title:

Chief Financial Officer

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

GUARANTORS :

 

 

 

 

 

 

EXTRACTION OIL & GAS, LLC

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Rusty Kelley

 

 

Name:

Rusty Kelley

 

 

Title:

Chief Financial Officer

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

XTR MIDSTREAM, LLC

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Rusty Kelley

 

 

Name:

Rusty Kelley

 

 

Title:

Chief Financial Officer

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

7N, LLC

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Rusty Kelley

 

 

Name:

Rusty Kelley

 

 

Title:

Chief Financial Officer

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 2 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT/ISSUING

 

LENDER/LENDER :

 

 

 

 

WELLS FARGO BANK, NATIONAL

 

ASSOCIATION,

 

as Administrative Agent, Issuing Lender and an

 

Existing Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Joseph T. Rottinghaus

 

Name:

Joseph T. Rottinghaus

 

Title:

Vice President

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 2 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

LENDERS :

 

 

 

ROYAL BANK OF CANADA,

 

as an Existing Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Kristan Spivey

 

Name:

Kristan Spivey

 

Title:

Authorized Signatory

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 2 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

BOKF, NA,

 

as an Existing Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Benjamin H. Adler

 

Name:

Benjamin H. Adler

 

Title:

Vice President

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 2 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

GOLDMAN SACHS BANK USA,

 

as an Existing Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Rebecca Kratz

 

Name:

Rebecca Kratz

 

Title:

Authorized Signatory

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 2 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 


 

 

FIFTH THIRD BANK,

 

as a New Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Jonathan H Lee

 

Name:

Jonathan H Lee

 

Title:

Director

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 2 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

SUNTRUST BANK,

 

as a New Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ John Kovarik

 

Name:

John Kovarik

 

Title:

Vice President

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 2 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

MUFG UNION BANK, N.A.

 

as a New Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Stacy A. Goldstein

 

Name:

Stacy A. Goldstein

 

Title:

Vice President

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 2 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

KEYBANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,

 

as a New Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ John Dravenstott

 

Name:

John Dravenstott

 

Title:

Vice President

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 2 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

SCHEDULE I

 

Commitments, Contact Information

 

ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT/ ISSUING LENDER

 

 

 

Wells Fargo Bank, National Association

Address :

1700 Lincoln St., 6 th  Floor

 

 

Denver, CO 80203 

 

Attn :

Joe Rottinghaus

 

Telephone :

303-863-5367

 

Facsimile :

303-863-5196

 

 

 

LOAN PARTIES

 

Borrower/Guarantors

Address :

1888 Sherman St., Suite 200

 

 

Denver, CO 80203

 

Attn:

Mr. Rusty Kelley

 

Telephone :

720-557-8302

 

Facsimile :

720-557-8301

 

Email :

rtkelley@extractionog.com

 

Lender

 

Commitment

 

Wells Fargo Bank, National Association

 

$

150,000,000

 

Royal Bank of Canada

 

$

87,500,000

 

BOKF, NA

 

$

62,500,000

 

Fifth Third Bank

 

$

41,666,667

 

SunTrust Bank

 

$

41,666,667

 

MUFG Union Bank, N.A.

 

$

41,666,667

 

Goldman Sachs Bank USA

 

$

37,500,000

 

KeyBank National Association

 

$

37,500,000

 

Total:

 

$

500,000,000

 

 

[SCHEDULE I TO AMENDMENT NO. 2 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT – EXTRACTION]

 




Exhibit 10.4

 

Execution Version

 

AMENDMENT NO. 3 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT

 

This Amendment No. 3 to Credit Agreement (this “ Agreement ”) dated as of December 30, 2014 is among Extraction Oil & Gas Holdings, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “ Borrower ”), Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, XTR Midstream, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, and 7N, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (collectively, the “ Guarantors ”), the undersigned Existing Lenders (as defined below), the New Lenders (as defined below), and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Administrative Agent for the Lenders (in such capacity, the “ Administrative Agent ”) and as Issuing Lender (the “ Issuing Lender ”).

 

INTRODUCTION

 

A.                                     The Borrower, financial institutions party thereto as Lenders (the “ Lenders ”), the Issuing Lender, and the Administrative Agent have entered into the Credit Agreement dated as of September 4, 2014, as amended by the Amendment No. 1 dated as of September 24, 2014 and the Amendment No. 2 and Joinder dated as of November 10, 2014 (as so amended and as may be otherwise amended, restated, or modified from time to time, the “ Credit Agreement ”).

 

B.                                     The Guarantors have entered into the Guaranty Agreement dated as of September 4, 2014 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “ Guaranty ”) in favor of the Administrative Agent for the benefit of the Secured Parties (as defined in the Credit Agreement).

 

C.                                     The Borrower has requested that the Lenders and the Administrative Agent amend the Credit Agreement as set forth herein.

 

THEREFORE, in fulfillment of the foregoing, the Borrower, the Guarantors, the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Lender, and the undersigned Lenders hereby agree as follows:

 

Section 1.                                            Definitions; References .  Unless otherwise defined in this Agreement, each term used in this Agreement which is defined in the Credit Agreement has the meaning assigned to such term in the Credit Agreement.

 

Section 2.                                            Amendments to Credit Agreement .  Upon the satisfaction of the conditions specified in Section 6 of this Agreement, and effective as of the date set forth above, the Credit Agreement is amended as follows:

 

(a)                                  Section 2.2(b)(ii)  and (iii)  of the Credit Agreement are amended to read in their entireties as follows:

 

“(ii)                             For the March 1, 2015 Borrowing Base redetermination, the Borrower shall deliver to the Administrative Agent, on or before February 1, 2015, an Internal Reserve Report dated effective as of the immediately preceding December 31st and such other information as may be reasonably requested by the Administrative Agent or any Lender with respect to the Oil and

 



 

Gas Properties included or to be included in the Borrowing Base.  Within 30 days after the Administrative Agent’s receipt of such Internal Reserve Report and other information, (A) the Administrative Agent shall deliver to each Lender the Administrative Agent’s recommendation for the redetermined Borrowing Base, (B) the Required Lenders (or in the case of an increase to the Borrowing Base, all Lenders) shall redetermine the Borrowing Base in accordance with Section 2.2(d) , and (C) the Administrative Agent shall promptly notify the Borrower in writing of the amount of the Borrowing Base as so redetermined.

 

(iii)                                For the May 1 Borrowing Base redetermination (or, in respect of the 2015 redetermination, the June 1, 2015 Borrowing Base redetermination), the Borrower shall deliver to the Administrative Agent: (x) on or before each April 1st, beginning April 1, 2016, an Independent Reserve Report dated effective as of the immediately preceding January 1st and such other information as may be reasonably requested by the Administrative Agent or any Lender with respect to the Oil and Gas Properties included or to be included in the Borrowing Base and (y) on or before May 1, 2015, an Independent Reserve Report dated effective as of March 31, 2015 and such other information as may be reasonably requested by the Administrative Agent or any Lender with respect to the Oil and Gas Properties included or to be included in the Borrowing Base.  Within 30 days after the Administrative Agent’s receipt of such Independent Reserve Report and other information, (A) the Administrative Agent shall deliver to each Lender the Administrative Agent’s recommendation for the redetermined Borrowing Base, (B) the Required Lenders (or in the case of an increase to the Borrowing Base, all Lenders) shall redetermine the Borrowing Base in accordance with Section 2.2(d), and (C) the Administrative Agent shall promptly notify the Borrower in writing of the amount of the Borrowing Base as so redetermined.”

 

(b)                                  Section 5.2(c)(ii)  and (iii)  are amended to read in their entireties as follows:

 

“(ii)                             For the March 1, 2015 Borrowing Base redetermination, as soon as available but in any event on or before February 1, 2015, an Internal Reserve Report dated effective as of the immediately preceding December 31st;

 

(iii)                                For the May 1 Borrowing Base redetermination (or, in respect of the 2015 redetermination, the June 1, 2015 Borrowing Base redetermination), as soon as available but in any event on or before (x) April 1 of each year (beginning April 1, 2016) an Independent Reserve Report dated effective as of the immediately

 

2



 

preceding January 1 st  and (y) May 1, 2015 an Independent Reserve Report dated effective as of March 31, 2015;”

 

Section 3.                                            Reaffirmation of Liens .

 

(a)                                  Each of the Borrower and each Guarantor (i) is party to certain Security Documents securing and supporting the Borrower’s and Guarantors’ obligations under the Loan Documents, (ii) represents and warrants that it has no defenses to the enforcement of the Security Documents and that according to their terms the Security Documents will continue in full force and effect to secure the Borrower’s and Guarantors’ obligations under the Loan Documents, as the same may be amended, supplemented, or otherwise modified, and (iii) acknowledges, represents, and warrants that the liens and security interests created by the Security Documents are valid and subsisting and create a first and prior Lien (subject only to Permitted Liens) in the Collateral to secure the Secured Obligations.

 

(b)                                  The delivery of this Agreement does not indicate or establish a requirement that any Loan Document requires any Guarantor’s approval of amendments to the Credit Agreement.

 

Section 4.                                            Reaffirmation of Guaranty .  Each Guarantor hereby ratifies, confirms, and acknowledges that its obligations under the Guaranty and the other Loan Documents are in full force and effect and that such Guarantor continues to unconditionally and irrevocably guarantee the full and punctual payment, when due, whether at stated maturity or earlier by acceleration or otherwise, of all of the Guaranteed Obligations (as defined in the Guaranty), as such Guaranteed Obligations may have been amended by this Agreement.  Each Guarantor hereby acknowledges that its execution and delivery of this Agreement do not indicate or establish an approval or consent requirement by such Guarantor under the Credit Agreement in connection with the execution and delivery of amendments, modifications or waivers to the Credit Agreement, the Notes or any of the other Loan Documents.

 

Section 5.                                            Representations and Warranties .  Each of the Borrower and each Guarantor represents and warrants to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders  that:

 

(a)                                  the representations and warranties set forth in the Credit Agreement and in the other Loan Documents are true and correct in all material respects as of the date of this Agreement (except to the extent such representations and warranties relate to an earlier date, in which case such representations and warranties shall be true and correct in all material respects as of such earlier date); provided that such materiality qualifier shall not apply if such representation or warranty is already subject to a materiality qualifier in the Credit Agreement or such other Loan Document;

 

(b)                                  (i) the execution, delivery, and performance of this Agreement are within the corporate, limited partnership or limited liability company power, as appropriate, and authority of the Borrower and Guarantors and have been duly authorized by appropriate proceedings and (ii) this Agreement constitutes a legal, valid, and binding obligation of the Borrower and Guarantors, enforceable against the Borrower and Guarantors in accordance with

 

3



 

its terms, except as limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, or similar laws affecting the rights of creditors generally and general principles of equity; and

 

(c)                                   as of the effectiveness of this Agreement and after giving effect thereto, no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing.

 

Section 6.                                            Effectiveness .  This Agreement shall become effective as of the date hereof upon the occurrence of all of the following:

 

(a)                                  Documentation . The Administrative Agent shall have received this Agreement, duly and validly executed by the Borrower, the Guarantors, the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Bank and the Majority Lenders, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent and the Majority Lenders;

 

(b)                                  Representations and Warranties .  The representations and warranties in this Agreement being true and correct in all material respects before and after giving effect to this Agreement (except to the extent such representations and warranties relate to an earlier date, in which case such representations and warranties shall be true and correct in all material respects as of such earlier date); provided that such materiality qualifier shall not apply if such representation or warranty is already subject to a materiality qualifier in the Credit Agreement or such other Loan Document.

 

(c)                                   No Default or Event of Default . There being no Default or Event of Default which has occurred and is continuing.

 

(d)                                  Expenses .  The Borrower’s having paid all costs, expenses, and fees which have been invoiced and are payable pursuant to Section 9.1 of the Credit Agreement or any other agreement.

 

Section 7.                                            Effect on Loan Documents .  Except as amended herein, the Credit Agreement and the Loan Documents remain in full force and effect as originally executed, and nothing herein shall act as a waiver of any of the Administrative Agent’s or Lenders’ rights under the Loan Documents.  This Agreement is a Loan Document for the purposes of the provisions of the other Loan Documents.  Without limiting the foregoing, any breach of representations, warranties, and covenants under this Agreement is a Default or Event of Default under other Loan Documents.

 

Section 8.                                            Choice of Law .  This Agreement shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with the laws of the State of New York without regard to conflicts of laws principles (other than Sections 5-1401 and 5-1402 of the General Obligations Law of the State of New York).

 

Section 9.                                            Counterparts .  This Agreement may be signed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be an original.

 

THIS WRITTEN AGREEMENT AND THE LOAN DOCUMENTS, AS DEFINED IN THE CREDIT AGREEMENT, REPRESENT THE FINAL AGREEMENT AMONG THE PARTIES AND MAY NOT BE CONTRADICTED BY EVIDENCE OF PRIOR,

 

4



 

CONTEMPORANEOUS, OR SUBSEQUENT ORAL AGREEMENTS OF THE PARTIES.  THERE ARE NO UNWRITTEN ORAL AGREEMENTS BETWEEN THE PARTIES.

 

5


 

EXECUTED as of the date first set forth above.

 

BORROWER :

 

 

 

EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Matt Owens

 

Name:

Matt Owens

 

Title:

President

 

 

 

 

 

 

GUARANTORS :

 

 

 

 

EXTRACTION OIL & GAS, LLC

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Matt Owens

 

Name:

Matt Owens

 

Title:

President

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

XTR MIDSTREAM, LLC

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Matt Owens

 

Name:

Matt Owens

 

Title:

President

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

7N, LLC

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Matt Owens

 

Name:

Matt Owens

 

Title:

President

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 3 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT/ISSUING

 

LENDER/LENDER :

 

 

 

WELLS FARGO BANK, NATIONAL

 

ASSOCIATION,

 

as Administrative Agent, Issuing Lender and a

 

Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Michaela Braun

 

Name:

Michaela Braun

 

Title:

Director

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 3 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

LENDERS :

 

 

 

ROYAL BANK OF CANADA,

 

as a Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Kristan Spivey

 

Name:

Kristan Spivey

 

Title:

Authorized Signatory

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 3 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

BOKF, NA,

 

as a Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Benjamin H. Adler

 

Name:

Benjamin H. Adler

 

Title:

Vice President

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 3 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

GOLDMAN SACHS BANK USA,

 

as a Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Michelle Latzoni

 

Name:

Michelle Latzoni

 

Title:

Authorized Signatory

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 3 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 


 

 

FIFTH THIRD BANK,

 

as a Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Jonathan H Lee

 

Name:

Jonathan H Lee

 

Title:

Director

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 3 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

SUNTRUST BANK,

 

as a Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Shannon Juhan

 

Name:

Shannon Juhan

 

Title:

Vice President

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 3 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

MUFG UNION BANK, N.A.

 

as a Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Stacy Goldstein

 

Name:

Stacy Goldstein

 

Title:

Vice President

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 3 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

KEYBANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,

 

as a Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ George E. McKean

 

Name:

George E. McKean

 

Title:

Senior Vice President

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 3 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 




Exhibit 10.5

 

Execution Version

 

AMENDMENT NO. 4 AND JOINDER TO CREDIT AGREEMENT

 

This Amendment No. 4 and Joinder to Credit Agreement (this “ Agreement ”) dated as of May 27, 2015 is among Extraction Oil & Gas Holdings, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “ Borrower ”), Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, XTR Midstream, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, 7N, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, Mountaintop Minerals, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and 8 North, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (collectively, the “ Guarantors ”), the undersigned Existing Lenders (as defined below), the New Lender (as defined below), and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Administrative Agent for the Lenders (in such capacity, the “ Administrative Agent ”) and as Issuing Lender (the “ Issuing Lender ”).

 

INTRODUCTION

 

A.            The Borrower, the financial institutions party thereto as Lenders (the “ Existing Lenders ”, and together with the New Lender (as defined below), collectively, the “ Lenders ”), the Issuing Lender, and the Administrative Agent have entered into the Credit Agreement dated as of September 4, 2014, as amended by the Amendment No. 1 dated as of September 24, 2014, the Amendment No.  2 and Joinder dated as of November 10, 2014, the Amendment No. 3 dated as of December 30, 2014, the Waiver dated as of February 12, 2015, the Consent Agreement dated as of February 27, 2015, the Consent Agreement dated as of March 25, 2015 and the Waiver dated as of April 28, 2015 (as so amended and modified and as may be otherwise amended, restated, or modified from time to time, the “ Credit Agreement ”).

 

B.            The Guarantors have entered into the Guaranty Agreement dated as of September 4, 2014 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “ Guaranty ”) in favor of the Administrative Agent for the benefit of the Secured Parties (as defined in the Credit Agreement).

 

C.            The Lenders agree to set the Borrowing Base at $250,000,000 for the June 1, 2015 redetermination of the Borrowing Base.

 

D.            In connection with the Borrowing Base redetermination provided for herein, the undersigned New Lender (the “ New Lender ”) desires to become party to the Credit Agreement as a Lender and the Commitments of the Existing Lenders and the New Lender shall be adjusted to the amounts set forth on Schedule I attached hereto.

 

E.            The Borrower has requested that the Lenders and the Administrative Agent amend the Credit Agreement as set forth herein.

 

THEREFORE, in fulfillment of the foregoing, the Borrower, the Guarantors, the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Lender, and the undersigned Lenders hereby agree as follows:

 

Section 1.              Definitions; References .  Unless otherwise defined in this Agreement, each term used in this Agreement which is defined in the Credit Agreement has the meaning assigned to such term in the Credit Agreement.

 



 

Section 2.              Joinder of New Lender .

 

(a)           The New Lender is hereby added to the Credit Agreement as a Lender, with the Commitment set forth opposite its name on Schedule I attached hereto, and shall receive all rights of a Lender under the Credit Agreement and the other Loan Documents. The New Lender agrees to be bound by all of the terms and provisions of the Credit Agreement binding on each Lender.

 

(b)           The Commitment of each Existing Lender is adjusted to the amount set forth opposite its name on Schedule I attached hereto.

 

(c)           Each Lender acknowledges that it has, independently and without reliance upon the Administrative Agent or any other Lender and based on the financial statements referred to in Section 5.2 of the Credit Agreement and such other documents and information as it has deemed appropriate, made its own credit analysis and decision to enter into this Agreement and to agree to the various matters set forth herein.  Each Lender also acknowledges that it will, independently and without reliance upon the Administrative Agent or any other Lender and based on such documents and information as it shall deem appropriate at the time, continue to make its own credit decisions in taking or not taking action under the Credit Agreement.

 

Section 3.              Amendments to Credit Agreement .  Upon the satisfaction of the conditions specified in Section 7 of this Agreement, and effective as of the date set forth above, the Credit Agreement is amended as follows:

 

(a)           Section 1.1 of the Credit Agreement is amended to add the following defined terms in alphabetical order:

 

Amendment No. 4 Effective Date ” means May 27, 2015.

 

(b)           Section 2.2(a)  is amended to read in its entirety as follows:

 

“(a)         Borrowing Base .  The Borrowing Base in effect as of the Amendment No. 4 Effective Date has been set by the Administrative Agent and the Lenders and acknowledged by the Borrower as $250,000,000. Such Borrowing Base shall remain in effect until the next redetermination or reduction made pursuant to this Section 2.2 .  The Borrowing Base shall be determined in accordance with the standards set forth in Section 2.2(d)  and is subject to periodic redetermination pursuant to Sections 2.2(b) , and 2.2(c)  and reductions pursuant to Section 2.2(e) .”

 

(c)           Section 6.8(e)  of the Credit Agreement is amended by replacing clause (A) to read in its entirety as follows: “(A) if such properties are classified as developed, then either (i) at least 80% of the consideration received by the Loan Party in respect of such Asset Sale shall be cash or cash equivalents, or (ii) such properties shall be sold in a substantially simultaneous asset exchange and the consideration received by the Loan Party in respect of such Asset Sale shall be (i) cash or cash equivalents, (ii) other Oil and Gas Properties classified as Proven Reserves or (iii) a combination of the foregoing,”

 

2



 

(d)           Section 6.8(e)  of the Credit Agreement is amended by adding the following language at the beginning of clause (E): “the Borrower shall certify to the Administrative Agent its estimation of the fair market value of the Oil and Gas Properties subject to such Asset Sale and”

 

(e)           Schedule I to the Credit Agreement is amended to read in its entirety as set forth on Schedule I attached hereto.

 

Section 4.              Reaffirmation of Liens .

 

(a)           Each of the Borrower and each Guarantor (i) is party to certain Security Documents securing and supporting the Borrower’s and Guarantors’ obligations under the Loan Documents, (ii) represents and warrants that it has no defenses to the enforcement of the Security Documents and that according to their terms the Security Documents will continue in full force and effect to secure the Borrower’s and Guarantors’ obligations under the Loan Documents, as the same may be amended, supplemented, or otherwise modified, and (iii) acknowledges, represents, and warrants that the liens and security interests created by the Security Documents are valid and subsisting and create a first and prior Lien (subject only to Permitted Liens) in the Collateral to secure the Secured Obligations.

 

(b)           The delivery of this Agreement does not indicate or establish a requirement that any Loan Document requires any Guarantor’s approval of amendments to the Credit Agreement.

 

Section 5.              Reaffirmation of Guaranty .  Each Guarantor hereby ratifies, confirms, and acknowledges that its obligations under the Guaranty and the other Loan Documents are in full force and effect and that such Guarantor continues to unconditionally and irrevocably guarantee the full and punctual payment, when due, whether at stated maturity or earlier by acceleration or otherwise, of all of the Guaranteed Obligations (as defined in the Guaranty), as such Guaranteed Obligations may have been amended by this Agreement.  Each Guarantor hereby acknowledges that its execution and delivery of this Agreement do not indicate or establish an approval or consent requirement by such Guarantor under the Credit Agreement in connection with the execution and delivery of amendments, modifications or waivers to the Credit Agreement, the Notes or any of the other Loan Documents.

 

Section 6.              Representations and Warranties .  Each of the Borrower and each Guarantor represents and warrants to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders  that:

 

(a)           the representations and warranties set forth in the Credit Agreement and in the other Loan Documents are true and correct in all material respects as of the date of this Agreement (except to the extent such representations and warranties relate to an earlier date, in which case such representations and warranties shall be true and correct in all material respects as of such earlier date); provided that such materiality qualifier shall not apply if such representation or warranty is already subject to a materiality qualifier in the Credit Agreement or such other Loan Document;

 

(b)           (i) the execution, delivery, and performance of this Agreement are within the corporate, limited partnership or limited liability company power, as appropriate, and

 

3



 

authority of the Borrower and Guarantors and have been duly authorized by appropriate proceedings and (ii) this Agreement constitutes a legal, valid, and binding obligation of the Borrower and Guarantors, enforceable against the Borrower and Guarantors in accordance with its terms, except as limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, or similar laws affecting the rights of creditors generally and general principles of equity; and

 

(c)           as of the effectiveness of this Agreement and after giving effect thereto, no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing.

 

Section 7.              Effectiveness .  This Agreement shall become effective as of the date hereof upon the occurrence of all of the following:

 

(a)           Documentation . The Administrative Agent shall have received:

 

(1)           this Agreement, duly and validly executed by the Borrower, the Guarantors, the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Bank each Existing Lender and the New Lender, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders;

 

(2)           a Note payable to the New Lender in the amount of the New Lender’s Commitment, duly and validly executed by the Borrower; and

 

(3)           Mortgages or supplements to Mortgages executed by the applicable Loan Party encumbering substantially all of the Loan Parties’ Proven Reserves described in the most recently delivered Reserve Report to the extent that such Proven Reserves were not previously subject to an Acceptable Security Interest pursuant to a Mortgage or supplement to Mortgage that was previously executed, delivered and recorded in the appropriate real property records of the applicable county.

 

(b)           Borrowing Base Increase Fee .  The Borrower’s having paid to the Administrative Agent for the account of each Lender an increase upfront fee in an amount equal to 0.40% of the positive amount, if any, equal to (i) such Lender’s share of the Borrowing Base that will be effective upon the effectiveness of this Agreement, minus (ii) such Lender’s share of the Borrowing Base in effect under the Credit Agreement immediately prior to the effectiveness of this Agreement.

 

(c)           Representations and Warranties .  The representations and warranties in this Agreement being true and correct in all material respects before and after giving effect to this Agreement (except to the extent such representations and warranties relate to an earlier date, in which case such representations and warranties shall be true and correct in all material respects as of such earlier date); provided that such materiality qualifier shall not apply if such representation or warranty is already subject to a materiality qualifier in the Credit Agreement or such other Loan Document.

 

(d)           No Default or Event of Default . There being no Default or Event of Default which has occurred and is continuing.

 

4



 

(e)           Expenses .  The Borrower’s having paid all costs, expenses, and fees which have been invoiced and are payable pursuant to Section 9.1 of the Credit Agreement or any other agreement.

 

Section 8.              Effect on Loan Documents .  Except as amended herein, the Credit Agreement and the Loan Documents remain in full force and effect as originally executed, and nothing herein shall act as a waiver of any of the Administrative Agent’s or Lenders’ rights under the Loan Documents.  This Agreement is a Loan Document for the purposes of the provisions of the other Loan Documents.  Without limiting the foregoing, any breach of representations, warranties, and covenants under this Agreement is a Default or Event of Default under other Loan Documents.

 

Section 9.              Choice of Law .  This Agreement shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with the laws of the State of New York without regard to conflicts of laws principles (other than Sections 5-1401 and 5-1402 of the General Obligations Law of the State of New York).

 

Section 10.            Counterparts .  This Agreement may be signed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be an original.

 

THIS WRITTEN AGREEMENT AND THE LOAN DOCUMENTS, AS DEFINED IN THE CREDIT AGREEMENT, REPRESENT THE FINAL AGREEMENT AMONG THE PARTIES AND MAY NOT BE CONTRADICTED BY EVIDENCE OF PRIOR, CONTEMPORANEOUS, OR SUBSEQUENT ORAL AGREEMENTS OF THE PARTIES.  THERE ARE NO UNWRITTEN ORAL AGREEMENTS BETWEEN THE PARTIES.

 

5


 

EXECUTED as of the date first set forth above.

 

BORROWER :

 

 

 

EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Matt Owens

 

Name:

Matt Owens

 

Title:

President

 

 

 

 

GUARANTORS :

 

 

 

EXTRACTION OIL & GAS, LLC

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Matt Owens

 

Name:

Matt Owens

 

Title:

President

 

 

 

XTR MIDSTREAM, LLC

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Matt Owens

 

Name:

Matt Owens

 

Title:

President

 

 

 

7N, LLC

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Matt Owens

 

Name:

Matt Owens

 

Title:

President

 

 

 

MOUNTAINTOP MINERALS, LLC

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Matt Owens

 

Name:

Matt Owens

 

Title:

President

 

 

 

8 NORTH, LLC

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Matt Owens

 

Name:

Matt Owens

 

Title:

President

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 4 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT/ISSUING LENDER/LENDER :

 

 

 

WELLS FARGO BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,

 

as Administrative Agent, Issuing Lender and an Existing Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Joseph T. Rottinghaus

 

Name:

Joseph T. Rottinghaus

 

Title:

Vice President

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 4 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

LENDERS :

 

 

 

ROYAL BANK OF CANADA,

 

as an Existing Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Mark Lumpkin, Jr.

 

Name:

Mark Lumpkin, Jr.

 

Title:

Authorized Signatory

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 4 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

BOKF, NA,

 

as an Existing Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Benjamin H. Adler

 

Name:

Benjamin H. Adler

 

Title:

Vice President

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 4 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

GOLDMAN SACHS BANK USA,

 

as an Existing Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Jamie Minieri

 

Name:

Jamie Minieri

 

Title:

Authorized Signatory

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 4 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 


 

 

FIFTH THIRD BANK,

 

as an Existing Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Jonathan H Lee

 

Name:

Jonathan H Lee

 

Title:

Director

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 4 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

SUNTRUST BANK,

 

as an Existing Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Shannon Juhan

 

Name:

Shannon Juhan

 

Title:

Director

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 4 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

MUFG UNION BANK, N.A.

 

as an Existing Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Stacy Goldstein

 

Name:

Stacy Goldstein

 

Title:

Vice President

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 4 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

KEYBANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,

 

as an Existing Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ George E. McKean

 

Name:

George E. McKean

 

Title:

Senior Vice President

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 4 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

BARCLAYS BANK PLC,

 

as the New Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Alicia Borys

 

Name:

Alicia Borys

 

Title:

Vice President

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 4 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

SCHEDULE I

Commitments, Contact Information

 

ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT/ ISSUING LENDER

Wells Fargo Bank, National Association

Address :

1700 Lincoln St., 6 th  Floor

 

 

Denver, CO 80203

 

Attn :

Joe Rottinghaus

 

Telephone :

303-863-5367

 

Facsimile :

303-863-5196

 

 

LOAN PARTIES

Borrower/Guarantors

Address :

1888 Sherman St., Suite 200

 

 

Denver, CO 80203

 

Attn:

Mr. Rusty Kelley

 

Telephone :

720-557-8302

 

Facsimile :

720-557-8301

 

Email :

rtkelley@extractionog.com

 

Lender

 

Commitment

 

Wells Fargo Bank, National Association

 

$

138,000,000

 

Royal Bank of Canada

 

$

82,000,000

 

BOKF, NA

 

$

57,500,000

 

Fifth Third Bank

 

$

38,500,000

 

KeyBank National Association

 

$

38,500,000

 

SunTrust Bank

 

$

38,500,000

 

MUFG Union Bank, N.A.

 

$

38,500,000

 

Barclays Bank PLC

 

$

38,500,000

 

Goldman Sachs Bank USA

 

$

30,000,000

 

Total:

 

$

500,000,000

 

 

[ SCHEDULE I TO AMENDMENT NO. 4 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 




Exhibit 10.6

 

Execution Version

 

AMENDMENT NO. 5 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT

 

This Amendment No. 5 to Credit Agreement (this “ Agreement ”) dated as of September 1, 2015 is among Extraction Oil & Gas Holdings, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “ Borrower ”), Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, XTR Midstream, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, 7N, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, Mountaintop Minerals, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and 8 North, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (collectively, the “ Guarantors ”), the undersigned Lenders (as defined below), and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Administrative Agent for the Lenders (in such capacity, the “ Administrative Agent ”) and as Issuing Lender (the “ Issuing Lender ”).

 

INTRODUCTION

 

A.                                     The Borrower, the financial institutions party thereto as Lenders (the “ Lenders ”), the Issuing Lender, and the Administrative Agent have entered into the Credit Agreement dated as of September 4, 2014, as amended by the Amendment No. 1 dated as of September 24, 2014, the Amendment No. 2 and Joinder dated as of November 10, 2014, the Amendment No. 3 dated as of December 30, 2014, the Waiver dated as of February 12, 2015, the Consent Agreement dated as of February 27, 2015, the Consent Agreement dated as of March 25, 2015, the Waiver dated as of April 28, 2015, and the Amendment No. 4 and Joinder dated as of May 27, 2015 (as so amended and modified and as may be otherwise amended, restated, or modified from time to time, the “ Credit Agreement ”).

 

B.                                     The Guarantors have entered into the Guaranty Agreement dated as of September 4, 2014 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “ Guaranty ”) in favor of the Administrative Agent for the benefit of the Secured Parties (as defined in the Credit Agreement).

 

C.                                     The Borrower has requested that the Lenders and the Administrative Agent amend the Credit Agreement as set forth herein.

 

THEREFORE, in fulfillment of the foregoing, the Borrower, the Guarantors, the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Lender, and the undersigned Lenders hereby agree as follows:

 

Section 1.                                            Definitions; References .  Unless otherwise defined in this Agreement, each term used in this Agreement which is defined in the Credit Agreement has the meaning assigned to such term in the Credit Agreement.

 

Section 2.                                            Amendments to Credit Agreement .  Upon the satisfaction of the conditions specified in Section 6 of this Agreement, and effective as of the date set forth above, the Credit Agreement is amended as follows:

 

(a)                                  Section 1.1 of the Credit Agreement is amended to add the following defined term in alphabetical order:

 



 

Test Date ” means each date that the production and hedging reports required pursuant to Section 5.2(d)  are delivered, commencing with the reports delivered for the fiscal quarter ending September 30, 2015.

 

(b)                                  Section 6.15(b)(ii)  of the Credit Agreement is amended to read in its entirety as follows:

 

“(ii) would create a default or event of default under the Second Lien Loan Documents, or”

 

(c)                                   Section 6.15(b)(iii)  of the Credit Agreement is amended to read in its entirety as follows:

 

“(iii) covers (calculated separately for each type of Hydrocarbon), for the first two years following any date of determination:

 

(A) notional volumes (in the aggregate, taking into account all other Hedging Arrangements entered into by the Loan Parties) in excess of 85% of the anticipated production of gas volumes attributable to the Oil and Gas Properties of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, as reflected in the most recently delivered Reserve Report under Section 2.2 or in other projections of anticipated production acceptable to the Administrative Agent for each month during the period such Hedging Arrangement is in effect,

 

(B) notional volumes (in the aggregate, taking into account all other Hedging Arrangements entered into by the Loan Parties) in excess of 85% of the anticipated production of natural gas liquids volumes attributable to the Oil and Gas Properties of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, as reflected in the most recently delivered Reserve Report under Section 2.2 or in other projections of anticipated production acceptable to the Administrative Agent for each month during the period such Hedging Arrangement is in effect, or

 

(C) notional volumes (in the aggregate, taking into account all other Hedging Arrangements entered into by the Loan Parties) in excess of 85% of the anticipated production of oil volumes attributable to the Oil and Gas Properties of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, as reflected in the most recently delivered Reserve Report under Section 2.2 or in other projections of anticipated production acceptable to the Administrative Agent for each month during the period such Hedging Arrangement is in effect;

 

provided, however, that the volume limitations shall not apply to put option contracts that are not related to corresponding calls, collars or swaps, or”

 

2



 

(d)                                  Section 6.15(b)  of the Credit Agreement is amended by deleting “or” at the end of such section and adding the following language at the end of section 6.15(b):

 

“provided that, if, as of any Test Date the aggregate notional volumes of all Hedging Arrangements covering natural gas, crude oil or natural gas liquids, respectively, for any month in the fiscal quarter preceding such Test Date exceed the actual volumes of production for such commodity for such month, then Borrower shall (A) furnish to Administrative Agent, no later than 5:00 pm (Denver, Colorado time) on such Test Date, a statement setting forth in reasonable detail the calculation of such determination and (B) no later than 30 days after such Test Date, (1) furnish to Administrative Agent an updated Reserve Report or other projections of anticipated production acceptable to the Administrative Agent, (2) terminate, create off-setting positions or otherwise unwind existing Hedging Arrangements such that, at such time, future hedging volumes will otherwise comply with this Section 6.15 on a going forward basis, and (3) furnish to Administrative Agent a certificate executed by a Responsible Officer certifying that as of the date of such certificate the Borrower is in compliance with Section 6.15 ; or”

 

(e)                                   Schedule I to the Credit Agreement is amended to replace the Borrowers/Guarantors address to read as follows: “370 17th Street, Suite 5300, Denver, CO 80202”.

 

Section 3.                                            Reaffirmation of Liens .

 

(a)                                  Each of the Borrower and each Guarantor (i) is party to certain Security Documents securing and supporting the Borrower’s and Guarantors’ obligations under the Loan Documents, (ii) represents and warrants that it has no defenses to the enforcement of the Security Documents and that according to their terms the Security Documents will continue in full force and effect to secure the Borrower’s and Guarantors’ obligations under the Loan Documents, as the same may be amended, supplemented, or otherwise modified, and (iii) acknowledges, represents, and warrants that the liens and security interests created by the Security Documents are valid and subsisting and create a first and prior Lien (subject only to Permitted Liens) in the Collateral to secure the Secured Obligations.

 

(b)                                  The delivery of this Agreement does not indicate or establish a requirement that any Loan Document requires any Guarantor’s approval of amendments to the Credit Agreement.

 

Section 4.                                            Reaffirmation of Guaranty .  Each Guarantor hereby ratifies, confirms, and acknowledges that its obligations under the Guaranty and the other Loan Documents are in full force and effect and that such Guarantor continues to unconditionally and irrevocably guarantee the full and punctual payment, when due, whether at stated maturity or earlier by acceleration or otherwise, of all of the Guaranteed Obligations (as defined in the Guaranty), as such Guaranteed

 

3



 

Obligations may have been amended by this Agreement.  Each Guarantor hereby acknowledges that its execution and delivery of this Agreement do not indicate or establish an approval or consent requirement by such Guarantor under the Credit Agreement in connection with the execution and delivery of amendments, modifications or waivers to the Credit Agreement, the Notes or any of the other Loan Documents.

 

Section 5.                                            Representations and Warranties .  Each of the Borrower and each Guarantor represents and warrants to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders  that:

 

(a)                                  the representations and warranties set forth in the Credit Agreement and in the other Loan Documents are true and correct in all material respects as of the date of this Agreement (except to the extent such representations and warranties relate to an earlier date, in which case such representations and warranties shall be true and correct in all material respects as of such earlier date); provided that such materiality qualifier shall not apply if such representation or warranty is already subject to a materiality qualifier in the Credit Agreement or such other Loan Document;

 

(b)                                  (i) the execution, delivery, and performance of this Agreement are within the corporate, limited partnership or limited liability company power, as appropriate, and authority of the Borrower and Guarantors and have been duly authorized by appropriate proceedings and (ii) this Agreement constitutes a legal, valid, and binding obligation of the Borrower and Guarantors, enforceable against the Borrower and Guarantors in accordance with its terms, except as limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, or similar laws affecting the rights of creditors generally and general principles of equity; and

 

(c)                                   as of the effectiveness of this Agreement and after giving effect thereto, no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing.

 

Section 6.                                            Effectiveness .  This Agreement shall become effective as of the date hereof upon the occurrence of all of the following:

 

(a)                                  Documentation . The Administrative Agent shall have received this Agreement, duly and validly executed by the Borrower, the Guarantors, the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Bank and the Majority Lenders, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent and such Lenders.

 

(b)                                  Representations and Warranties .  The representations and warranties in this Agreement being true and correct in all material respects before and after giving effect to this Agreement (except to the extent such representations and warranties relate to an earlier date, in which case such representations and warranties shall be true and correct in all material respects as of such earlier date); provided that such materiality qualifier shall not apply if such representation or warranty is already subject to a materiality qualifier in the Credit Agreement or such other Loan Document.

 

(c)                                   No Default or Event of Default . There being no Default or Event of Default which has occurred and is continuing.

 

4



 

(d)                                  Expenses .  The Borrower’s having paid all costs, expenses, and fees which have been invoiced and are payable pursuant to Section 9.1 of the Credit Agreement or any other agreement.

 

Section 7.                                            Effect on Loan Documents .  Except as amended herein, the Credit Agreement and the Loan Documents remain in full force and effect as originally executed, and nothing herein shall act as a waiver of any of the Administrative Agent’s or Lenders’ rights under the Loan Documents.  This Agreement is a Loan Document for the purposes of the provisions of the other Loan Documents.  Without limiting the foregoing, any breach of representations, warranties, and covenants under this Agreement is a Default or Event of Default under other Loan Documents.

 

Section 8.                                            Choice of Law .  This Agreement shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with the laws of the State of New York without regard to conflicts of laws principles (other than Sections 5-1401 and 5-1402 of the General Obligations Law of the State of New York).

 

Section 9.                                            Counterparts .  This Agreement may be signed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be an original.

 

THIS WRITTEN AGREEMENT AND THE LOAN DOCUMENTS, AS DEFINED IN THE CREDIT AGREEMENT, REPRESENT THE FINAL AGREEMENT AMONG THE PARTIES AND MAY NOT BE CONTRADICTED BY EVIDENCE OF PRIOR, CONTEMPORANEOUS, OR SUBSEQUENT ORAL AGREEMENTS OF THE PARTIES.  THERE ARE NO UNWRITTEN ORAL AGREEMENTS BETWEEN THE PARTIES.

 

5


 

EXECUTED as of the date first set forth above.

 

BORROWER:

 

 

 

 

EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Rusty Kelley

 

Name:

Rusty Kelley

 

Title:

CFO

 

 

 

 

 

 

GUARANTORS:

 

 

 

 

EXTRACTION OIL & GAS, LLC

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Rusty Kelley

 

Name:

Rusty Kelley

 

Title:

CFO

 

 

 

 

XTR MIDSTREAM, LLC

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Rusty Kelley

 

Name:

Rusty Kelley

 

Title:

CFO

 

 

 

 

7N, LLC

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Rusty Kelley

 

Name:

Rusty Kelley

 

Title:

CFO

 

 

 

 

MOUNTAINTOP MINERALS, LLC

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Rusty Kelley

 

Name:

Rusty Kelley

 

Title:

CFO

 

 

 

 

8 NORTH, LLC

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Rusty Kelley

 

Name:

Rusty Kelley

 

Title:

CFO

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 5 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT/ISSUING LENDER/LENDER :

 

 

 

WELLS FARGO BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,

 

as Administrative Agent, Issuing Lender and as a Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Joseph Rottinghaus

 

Name:

Joseph Rottinghaus

 

Title:

Vice President

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 5 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

LENDERS :

 

 

 

 

ROYAL BANK OF CANADA

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Mark Lumpkin, Jr.

 

Name:

Mark Lumpkin, Jr.

 

Title:

Authorized Signatory

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 5 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

BOKF, NA

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Benjamin H. Adler

 

Name:

Benjamin H. Adler

 

Title:

Vice President

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 5 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

GOLDMAN SACHS BANK USA

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Michelle Latzoni

 

Name:

Michelle Latzoni

 

Title:

Authorized Signatory

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 5 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 


 

 

SUNTRUST BANK

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Shannon Juhan

 

Name:

Shannon Juhan

 

Title:

Director

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 5 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

MUFG UNION BANK, N.A.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Bancroft Mattei

 

Name:

Bancroft Mattei

 

Title:

Managing Director

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 5 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

KEYBANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Lisa A. Ryder

 

Name:

Lisa A. Ryder

 

Title:

Vice President

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 5 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

BARCLAYS BANK PLC

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Luke Syme

 

Name:

Luke Syme

 

Title:

Assistant Vice President

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 5 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 




Exhibit 10.7

 

Execution Version

 

AMENDMENT NO. 6 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT

 

This Amendment No. 6 to Credit Agreement (this “ Agreement ”) dated as of September 10, 2015 is among Extraction Oil & Gas Holdings, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “ Borrower ”), Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, XTR Midstream, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, 7N, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, Mountaintop Minerals, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and 8 North, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (collectively, the “ Guarantors ”), the undersigned Lenders (as defined below), and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Administrative Agent for the Lenders (in such capacity, the “ Administrative Agent ”) and as Issuing Lender (the “ Issuing Lender ”).

 

INTRODUCTION

 

A.                                     The Borrower, the financial institutions party thereto as Lenders (the “ Lenders ”), the Issuing Lender, and the Administrative Agent have entered into the Credit Agreement dated as of September 4, 2014, as amended by the Amendment No. 1 dated as of September 24, 2014, the Amendment No. 2 and Joinder dated as of November 10, 2014, the Amendment No. 3 dated as of December 30, 2014, the Waiver dated as of February 12, 2015, the Consent Agreement dated as of February 27, 2015, the Consent Agreement dated as of March 25, 2015, the Waiver dated as of April 28, 2015, the Amendment No. 4 and Joinder dated as of May 27, 2015 and the Amendment No. 5 dated as of September 1, 2015 (as so amended and modified and as may be otherwise amended, restated, or modified from time to time, the “ Credit Agreement ”).

 

B.                                     The Guarantors have entered into the Guaranty Agreement dated as of September 4, 2014 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “ Guaranty ”) in favor of the Administrative Agent for the benefit of the Secured Parties (as defined in the Credit Agreement).

 

C.                                     The Lenders agree to set the Borrowing Base at $265,000,000 for the August 1, 2015 redetermination of the Borrowing Base.

 

D.                                     The Borrower has requested that the Lenders and the Administrative Agent amend the Credit Agreement as set forth herein.

 

THEREFORE, in fulfillment of the foregoing, the Borrower, the Guarantors, the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Lender, and the undersigned Lenders hereby agree as follows:

 

Section 1.                                            Definitions; References . Unless otherwise defined in this Agreement, each term used in this Agreement which is defined in the Credit Agreement has the meaning assigned to such term in the Credit Agreement.

 

Section 2.                                            Amendments to Credit Agreement . Upon the satisfaction of the conditions specified in Section 6 of this Agreement, and effective as of the date set forth above, the Credit Agreement is amended as follows:

 



 

(a)                                  Section 1.1 of the Credit Agreement is amended to add the following defined term in alphabetical order:

 

Amendment No. 6 Effective Date ” means September 10, 2015.

 

(b)                                  Section 1.1 of the Credit Agreement is amended by replacing the definitions of “Leverage Ratio” and “Net Leverage Ratio” to read in their entireties as follows:

 

Leverage Ratio ” means, as of the end of each fiscal quarter, the ratio of (a) the consolidated Debt of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries (other than obligations under permitted Hedging Arrangements) as of the last day of such fiscal quarter to (b) (i) for the fiscal quarter ending December 31, 2015, the consolidated EBITDAX of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries for such three fiscal quarter period then ended times 4 and divided by three and (ii) thereafter, the consolidated EBITDAX of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries for the four-fiscal quarter period then ended.

 

Net Leverage Ratio ” means, as of the end of each fiscal quarter, the ratio of (a) the consolidated Net Debt of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries (other than obligations under permitted Hedging Arrangements) as of the last day of such fiscal quarter to (b) for the fiscal quarter ending September 30, 2015, the consolidated EBITDAX of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries for such two fiscal quarter period then ended times two.

 

(c)                                   Section 2.2(a)  is amended to read in its entirety as follows:

 

“(a)                            Borrowing Base . The Borrowing Base in effect as of the Amendment No. 6 Effective Date has been set by the Administrative Agent and the Lenders and acknowledged by the Borrower as $265,000,000. Such Borrowing Base shall remain in effect until the next redetermination or reduction made pursuant to this Section 2.2 . The Borrowing Base shall be determined in accordance with the standards set forth in Section 2.2(d)  and is subject to periodic redetermination pursuant to Sections 2.2(b) , and 2.2(c)  and reductions pursuant to Section 2.2(e) .”

 

(d)                                  Section 6.16(a)  of the Credit Agreement is amended by replacing both instances of “September 30, 2015” with “December 31, 2015”.

 

(e)                                   Schedule II to the Credit Agreement is amended to read in its entirety as set forth on Schedule II attached hereto.

 

Section 3.                                            Reaffirmation of Liens .

 

(a)                                  Each of the Borrower and each Guarantor (i) is party to certain Security Documents securing and supporting the Borrower’s and Guarantors’ obligations under the Loan

 

2



 

Documents, (ii) represents and warrants that it has no defenses to the enforcement of the Security Documents and that according to their terms the Security Documents will continue in full force and effect to secure the Borrower’s and Guarantors’ obligations under the Loan Documents, as the same may be amended, supplemented, or otherwise modified, and (iii) acknowledges, represents, and warrants that the liens and security interests created by the Security Documents are valid and subsisting and create a first and prior Lien (subject only to Permitted Liens) in the Collateral to secure the Secured Obligations.

 

(b)                                  The delivery of this Agreement does not indicate or establish a requirement that any Loan Document requires any Guarantor’s approval of amendments to the Credit Agreement.

 

Section 4.                                            Reaffirmation of Guaranty . Each Guarantor hereby ratifies, confirms, and acknowledges that its obligations under the Guaranty and the other Loan Documents are in full force and effect and that such Guarantor continues to unconditionally and irrevocably guarantee the full and punctual payment, when due, whether at stated maturity or earlier by acceleration or otherwise, of all of the Guaranteed Obligations (as defined in the Guaranty), as such Guaranteed Obligations may have been amended by this Agreement. Each Guarantor hereby acknowledges that its execution and delivery of this Agreement do not indicate or establish an approval or consent requirement by such Guarantor under the Credit Agreement in connection with the execution and delivery of amendments, modifications or waivers to the Credit Agreement, the Notes or any of the other Loan Documents.

 

Section 5.                                            Representations and Warranties . Each of the Borrower and each Guarantor represents and warrants to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders that:

 

(a)                                  the representations and warranties set forth in the Credit Agreement and in the other Loan Documents are true and correct in all material respects as of the date of this Agreement (except to the extent such representations and warranties relate to an earlier date, in which case such representations and warranties shall be true and correct in all material respects as of such earlier date); provided that such materiality qualifier shall not apply if such representation or warranty is already subject to a materiality qualifier in the Credit Agreement or such other Loan Document;

 

(b)                                  (i) the execution, delivery, and performance of this Agreement are within the corporate, limited partnership or limited liability company power, as appropriate, and authority of the Borrower and Guarantors and have been duly authorized by appropriate proceedings and (ii) this Agreement constitutes a legal, valid, and binding obligation of the Borrower and Guarantors, enforceable against the Borrower and Guarantors in accordance with its terms, except as limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, or similar laws affecting the rights of creditors generally and general principles of equity; and

 

(c)                                   as of the effectiveness of this Agreement and after giving effect thereto, no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing.

 

Section 6.                                            Effectiveness . This Agreement shall become effective as of the date hereof upon the occurrence of all of the following:

 

3



 

(a)                                  Documentation . The Administrative Agent shall have received this Agreement, duly and validly executed by the Borrower, the Guarantors, the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Bank and each Lender, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent and such Lenders.

 

(b)                                  Borrowing Base Increase Fee . The Borrower’s having paid to the Administrative Agent for the account of each Lender an increase upfront fee in an amount equal to 0.40% of the positive amount, if any, equal to (i) such Lender’s share of the Borrowing Base that will be effective upon the effectiveness of this Agreement, minus (ii) such Lender’s share of the Borrowing Base in effect under the Credit Agreement immediately prior to the effectiveness of this Agreement.

 

(c)                                   Representations and Warranties . The representations and warranties in this Agreement being true and correct in all material respects before and after giving effect to this Agreement (except to the extent such representations and warranties relate to an earlier date, in which case such representations and warranties shall be true and correct in all material respects as of such earlier date); provided that such materiality qualifier shall not apply if such representation or warranty is already subject to a materiality qualifier in the Credit Agreement or such other Loan Document.

 

(d)                                  No Default or Event of Default . There being no Default or Event of Default which has occurred and is continuing.

 

(e)                                   Expenses . The Borrower’s having paid all costs, expenses, and fees which have been invoiced and are payable pursuant to Section 9.1 of the Credit Agreement or any other agreement.

 

Section 7.                                            Effect on Loan Documents . Except as amended herein, the Credit Agreement and the Loan Documents remain in full force and effect as originally executed and are hereby ratified and confirmed, and nothing herein shall act as a waiver of any of the Administrative Agent’s or Lenders’ rights under the Loan Documents. This Agreement is a Loan Document for the purposes of the provisions of the other Loan Documents. Without limiting the foregoing, any breach of representations, warranties, and covenants under this Agreement is a Default or Event of Default under other Loan Documents.

 

Section 8.                                            Choice of Law . This Agreement shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with the laws of the State of New York without regard to conflicts of laws principles (other than Sections 5-1401 and 5-1402 of the General Obligations Law of the State of New York).

 

Section 9.                                            Counterparts . This Agreement may be signed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be an original.

 

THIS WRITTEN AGREEMENT AND THE LOAN DOCUMENTS, AS DEFINED IN THE CREDIT AGREEMENT, REPRESENT THE FINAL AGREEMENT AMONG THE PARTIES AND MAY NOT BE CONTRADICTED BY EVIDENCE OF PRIOR, CONTEMPORANEOUS, OR SUBSEQUENT ORAL AGREEMENTS OF THE

 

4



 

PARTIES. THERE ARE NO UNWRITTEN ORAL AGREEMENTS BETWEEN THE PARTIES.

 

5


 

EXECUTED as of the date first set forth above.

 

BORROWER :

 

 

 

EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Rusty Kelley

 

Name:

Rusty Kelley

 

Title:

Chief Financial Officer

 

 

 

 

GUARANTORS :

 

 

 

EXTRACTION OIL & GAS, LLC

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Rusty Kelley

 

Name:

Rusty Kelley

 

Title:

Chief Financial Officer

 

 

 

XTR MIDSTREAM, LLC

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Rusty Kelley

 

Name:

Rusty Kelley

 

Title:

Chief Financial Officer

 

 

 

7N, LLC

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Rusty Kelley

 

Name:

Rusty Kelley

 

Title:

Chief Financial Officer

 

 

 

MOUNTAINTOP MINERALS, LLC

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Rusty Kelley

 

Name:

Rusty Kelley

 

Title:

Chief Financial Officer

 

 

 

8 NORTH, LLC

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Rusty Kelley

 

Name:

Rusty Kelley

 

Title:

Chief Financial Officer

 

[SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 6 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT - EXTRACTION]

 



 

 

ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT/ISSUING LENDER/LENDER:

 

 

 

WELLS FARGO BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,

 

as Administrative Agent, Issuing Lender and as a Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Joseph Rottinghaus

 

Name:

Joseph Rottinghaus

 

Title:

Vice President

 

[SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 6 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT - EXTRACTION]

 



 

 

LENDERS:

 

 

 

ROYAL BANK OF CANADA

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Mark Lumpkin, Jr.

 

Name:

Mark Lumpkin, Jr.

 

Title:

Authorized Signatory

 

[SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 6 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT - EXTRACTION]

 



 

 

BOKF, NA

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Benjamin H. Adler

 

Name:

Benjamin H. Adler

 

Title:

Vice President

 

[SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 6 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT - EXTRACTION]

 



 

 

GOLDMAN SACHS BANK USA

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Jamie Minieri

 

Name:

Jamie Minieri

 

Title:

Authorized Signatory

 

[SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 6 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT - EXTRACTION]

 


 

 

FIFTH THIRD BANK

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Jonathan H Lee

 

Name:

Jonathan H Lee

 

Title:

Director

 

[SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 6 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT - EXTRACTION]

 



 

 

SUNTRUST BANK

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Shannon Juhan

 

Name:

Shannon Juhan

 

Title:

Director

 

[SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 6 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT - EXTRACTION]

 



 

 

MUFG UNION BANK, N.A.

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Bancroft Mattei

 

Name:

Bancroft Mattei

 

Title:

Managing Director

 

[SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 6 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT - EXTRACTION]

 



 

 

KEYBANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ George E. McKean

 

Name:

George E. McKean

 

Title:

Senior Vice President

 

[SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 6 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT - EXTRACTION]

 



 

 

BARCLAYS BANK PLC

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Vanessa Kurbatskiy

 

Name:

Vanessa Kurbatskiy

 

Title:

Vice President

 

[SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 6 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT - EXTRACTION]

 



 

SCHEDULE II

 

PRICING GRID

 

Applicable Margins

 

Utilization Level*

 

Base Rate Loans

 

Eurodollar
Loans

 

Commitment Fee
Rate

 

Level I

 

0.75

%

1.75

%

0.375

%

Level II

 

1.00

%

2.00

%

0.375

%

Level III

 

1.25

%

2.25

%

0.500

%

Level IV

 

1.50

%

2.50

%

0.500

%

Level V

 

1.75

%

2.75

%

0.500

%

 


* Utilization Levels are described below and are determined in accordance with the definition of “Utilization Level”.

 

1.          Level I: If the Utilization Level is less than 25%.

2.          Level II: If the Utilization Level is greater than or equal to 25% but less than 50%.

3.          Level III: If the Utilization Level is greater than or equal to 50% but less than 75%.

4.          Level IV: If the Utilization Level is greater than or equal to 75% but less than 90%.

5.          Level V: If the Utilization Level is greater than or equal to 90%.

 

[SCHEDULE II TO AMENDMENT NO. 6 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT - EXTRACTION]

 




Exhibit 10.8

 

Execution Version

 

AMENDMENT NO. 7 AND JOINDER TO CREDIT AGREEMENT

 

This Amendment No. 7 and Joinder to Credit Agreement (this “ Agreement ”) dated as of December 15, 2015 is among Extraction Oil & Gas Holdings, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “ Borrower ”), Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, XTR Midstream, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, 7N, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, Mountaintop Minerals, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, 8 North, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, Elevation Midstream, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, XOG Services, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, and XOG Services, Inc., a Colorado corporation (collectively, the “ Guarantors ”), the undersigned Existing Lenders (as defined below), the New Lenders (as defined below), and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Administrative Agent for the Lenders (in such capacity, the “ Administrative Agent ”) and as Issuing Lender (the “ Issuing Lender ”).

 

INTRODUCTION

 

A.                                     The Borrower, the financial institutions party thereto as Lenders (the “ Existing Lenders ”, and together with the New Lender (as defined below), collectively, the “ Lenders ”), the Issuing Lender, and the Administrative Agent have entered into the Credit Agreement dated as of September 4, 2014, as amended by the Amendment No. 1 dated as of September 24, 2014, the Amendment No. 2 and Joinder dated as of November 10, 2014, the Amendment No. 3 dated as of December 30, 2014, the Waiver dated as of February 12, 2015, the Consent Agreement dated as of February 27, 2015, the Consent Agreement dated as of March 25, 2015, the Waiver dated as of April 28, 2015, the Amendment No. 4 and Joinder dated as of May 27, 2015, the Amendment No. 5 dated as of September 1, 2015 and the Amendment No. 6 dated as of September 10, 2015 (as so amended and modified and as may be otherwise amended, restated, or modified from time to time, the “ Credit Agreement ”).

 

B.                                     The Guarantors have entered into the Guaranty Agreement dated as of September 4, 2014 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “ Guaranty ”) in favor of the Administrative Agent for the benefit of the Secured Parties (as defined in the Credit Agreement).

 

C.                                     The Lenders agree to set the Borrowing Base at $285,000,000 for the December 1, 2015 redetermination of the Borrowing Base.

 

D.                                     In connection with the Borrowing Base redetermination provided for herein, each of the undersigned New Lenders (each a “ New Lender ” and collectively, the “ New Lenders ”) desires to become party to the Credit Agreement as a Lender and the Commitments of the Existing Lenders and the New Lenders shall be adjusted to the amounts set forth on Schedule I attached hereto.

 

E.                                      The Borrower has requested that the Lenders and the Administrative Agent amend the Credit Agreement as set forth herein.

 

THEREFORE, in fulfillment of the foregoing, the Borrower, the Guarantors, the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Lender, and the undersigned Lenders hereby agree as follows:

 



 

Section 1.                                            Definitions; References .  Unless otherwise defined in this Agreement, each term used in this Agreement which is defined in the Credit Agreement has the meaning assigned to such term in the Credit Agreement.

 

Section 2.                                            Joinder of New Lender .

 

(a)                                  Each New Lender is hereby added to the Credit Agreement as a Lender, with the Commitment set forth opposite its name on Schedule I attached hereto, and shall receive all rights of a Lender under the Credit Agreement and the other Loan Documents. Each New Lender agrees to be bound by all of the terms and provisions of the Credit Agreement binding on each Lender.

 

(b)                                  The Commitment of each Existing Lender is adjusted to the amount set forth opposite its name on Schedule I attached hereto.

 

(c)                                   Each Lender acknowledges that it has, independently and without reliance upon the Administrative Agent or any other Lender and based on the financial statements referred to in Section 5.2 of the Credit Agreement and such other documents and information as it has deemed appropriate, made its own credit analysis and decision to enter into this Agreement and to agree to the various matters set forth herein.  Each Lender also acknowledges that it will, independently and without reliance upon the Administrative Agent or any other Lender and based on such documents and information as it shall deem appropriate at the time, continue to make its own credit decisions in taking or not taking action under the Credit Agreement.

 

Section 3.                                            Amendments to Credit Agreement .  Upon the satisfaction of the conditions specified in Section 7 of this Agreement, and effective as of the date set forth above, the Credit Agreement is amended as follows:

 

(a)                                  Section 1.1 of the Credit Agreement is amended to add the following defined term in alphabetical order:

 

Amendment No. 7 Effective Date ” means December 15, 2015.

 

(b)                                  Section 1.1 of the Credit Agreement is amended to delete the definition of “Leverage Ratio”.

 

(c)                                   The definition of “Net Debt” in Section 1.1 of the Credit Agreement is amended to read in its entirety as follows:

 

Net Debt ” means, (i) as of any date of determination while any amount of Second Lien Debt is outstanding, consolidated Debt less the amount of Available Cash held by the Borrower and its Subsidiaries as of such date and (ii) otherwise, consolidated Debt.

 

(d)                                  Section 2.2(a)  is amended to read in its entirety as follows:

 

“(a)                            Borrowing Base .  The Borrowing Base in effect as of the Amendment No. 7 Effective Date has been set by the

 

2



 

Administrative Agent and the Lenders and acknowledged by the Borrower as $285,000,000. Such Borrowing Base shall remain in effect until the next redetermination or reduction made pursuant to this Section 2.2 .  The Borrowing Base shall be determined in accordance with the standards set forth in Section 2.2(d)  and is subject to periodic redetermination pursuant to Sections 2.2(b) , and 2.2(c)  and reductions pursuant to Section 2.2(e) .”

 

(e)                                   Section 2.2(b)(ii)  is amended to read in its entirety as follows:

 

“(ii)                             For the February 1, 2016 Borrowing Base redetermination, the Borrower shall deliver to the Administrative Agent, on or before January 15, 2016, an Internal Reserve Report dated effective as of the immediately preceding December 31st and such other information as may be reasonably requested by the Administrative Agent or any Lender with respect to the Oil and Gas Properties included or to be included in the Borrowing Base.  Within 30 days after the Administrative Agent’s receipt of such Internal Reserve Report and other information, (A) the Administrative Agent shall deliver to each Lender the Administrative Agent’s recommendation for the redetermined Borrowing Base, (B) the Required Lenders (or in the case of an increase to the Borrowing Base, all Lenders) shall redetermine the Borrowing Base in accordance with Section 2.2(d) , and (C) the Administrative Agent shall promptly notify the Borrower in writing of the amount of the Borrowing Base as so redetermined.”

 

(f)                                    Section 5.2(c)(ii)  is amended to read in its entirety as follows:

 

“For the February 1, 2016 Borrowing Base redetermination, as soon as available but in any event on or before January 15, 2016, an Internal Reserve Report dated effective as of the immediately preceding December 31st;”

 

(g)                                   Section 5.6 is amended to read in its entirety as follows:

 

“Section 5.6                               New Subsidiaries .  With respect to each Subsidiary of the Borrower created after the Effective Date, the Borrower shall deliver to the Administrative Agent (a) prompt written notice of the formation of such Subsidiary and all applicable “know your customer”, Patriot Act information and other information described in item (f) of Schedule III, and (b) each of the other items set forth in Part A of Schedule III attached hereto within the time requirements set forth in Schedule III.”

 

3



 

(h)                                  Section 6.1(g)(i)  is amended by replacing the language “the Net Leverage Ratio (in the case of any issuance on or prior to June 30, 2015) or the Leverage Ratio (in the case of any issuance following June 30, 2015), as applicable” with “the Net Leverage Ratio”.

 

(i)                                      Section 6.1(h)(iii)  is amended by replacing the language “the Net Leverage Ratio (in the case of any Second Lien Debt incurred on or prior to June 30, 2015) or the Leverage Ratio (in the case of any Second Lien Debt incurred following June 30, 2015), as applicable” with “the Net Leverage Ratio”.

 

(j)                                     Section 6.16(a)  is amended to read in its entirety as follows:

 

“(a)                            Net Leverage Ratio .  Beginning with the fiscal quarter ending September 30, 2014, the Borrower shall not permit the Net Leverage Ratio as of each fiscal quarter end to be more than 4.00 to 1.00.”

 

(k)                                  Schedule I to the Credit Agreement is amended to read in its entirety as set forth on Schedule I attached hereto.

 

Section 4.                                            Reaffirmation of Liens .

 

(a)                                  Each of the Borrower and each Guarantor (i) is party to certain Security Documents securing and supporting the Borrower’s and Guarantors’ obligations under the Loan Documents, (ii) represents and warrants that it has no defenses to the enforcement of the Security Documents and that according to their terms the Security Documents will continue in full force and effect to secure the Borrower’s and Guarantors’ obligations under the Loan Documents, as the same may be amended, supplemented, or otherwise modified, and (iii) acknowledges, represents, and warrants that the liens and security interests created by the Security Documents are valid and subsisting and create a first and prior Lien (subject only to Permitted Liens) in the Collateral to secure the Secured Obligations.

 

(b)                                  The delivery of this Agreement does not indicate or establish a requirement that any Loan Document requires any Guarantor’s approval of amendments to the Credit Agreement.

 

Section 5.                                            Reaffirmation of Guaranty .  Each Guarantor hereby ratifies, confirms, and acknowledges that its obligations under the Guaranty and the other Loan Documents are in full force and effect and that such Guarantor continues to unconditionally and irrevocably guarantee the full and punctual payment, when due, whether at stated maturity or earlier by acceleration or otherwise, of all of the Guaranteed Obligations (as defined in the Guaranty), as such Guaranteed Obligations may have been amended by this Agreement.  Each Guarantor hereby acknowledges that its execution and delivery of this Agreement do not indicate or establish an approval or consent requirement by such Guarantor under the Credit Agreement in connection with the execution and delivery of amendments, modifications or waivers to the Credit Agreement, the Notes or any of the other Loan Documents.

 

Section 6.                                            Representations and Warranties .  Each of the Borrower and each Guarantor represents and warrants to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders  that:

 

4



 

(a)                                  the representations and warranties set forth in the Credit Agreement and in the other Loan Documents are true and correct in all material respects as of the date of this Agreement (except to the extent such representations and warranties relate to an earlier date, in which case such representations and warranties shall be true and correct in all material respects as of such earlier date); provided that such materiality qualifier shall not apply if such representation or warranty is already subject to a materiality qualifier in the Credit Agreement or such other Loan Document;

 

(b)                                  (i) the execution, delivery, and performance of this Agreement are within the corporate, limited partnership or limited liability company power, as appropriate, and authority of the Borrower and Guarantors and have been duly authorized by appropriate proceedings and (ii) this Agreement constitutes a legal, valid, and binding obligation of the Borrower and Guarantors, enforceable against the Borrower and Guarantors in accordance with its terms, except as limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, or similar laws affecting the rights of creditors generally and general principles of equity; and

 

(c)                                   as of the effectiveness of this Agreement and after giving effect thereto, no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing.

 

Section 7.                                            Effectiveness .  This Agreement shall become effective as of the date hereof upon the occurrence of all of the following:

 

(a)                                  Documentation . The Administrative Agent shall have received:

 

(1)                                  this Agreement, duly and validly executed by the Borrower, the Guarantors, the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Bank each Existing Lender and each New Lender, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders; and

 

(2)                                  a Note payable to each New Lender in the amount of such New Lender’s Commitment, duly and validly executed by the Borrower.

 

(b)                                  Borrowing Base Increase Fee .  The Borrower’s having paid to the Administrative Agent for the account of each Lender an increase upfront fee in an amount equal to 0.30% of the positive amount, if any, equal to (i) such Lender’s share of the Borrowing Base that will be effective upon the effectiveness of this Agreement, minus (ii) such Lender’s share of the Borrowing Base in effect under the Credit Agreement immediately prior to the effectiveness of this Agreement.

 

(c)                                   Representations and Warranties .  The representations and warranties in this Agreement being true and correct in all material respects before and after giving effect to this Agreement (except to the extent such representations and warranties relate to an earlier date, in which case such representations and warranties shall be true and correct in all material respects as of such earlier date); provided that such materiality qualifier shall not apply if such representation or warranty is already subject to a materiality qualifier in the Credit Agreement or such other Loan Document.

 

5



 

(d)                                  No Default or Event of Default . There being no Default or Event of Default which has occurred and is continuing.

 

(e)                                   Expenses .  The Borrower’s having paid all costs, expenses, and fees which have been invoiced and are payable pursuant to Section 9.1 of the Credit Agreement or any other agreement.

 

Section 8.                                            Post-Closing Mortgages .  On or before December 17, 2015 (or such later date as may be approved by the Administrative Agent in its discretion), the Borrower shall deliver Mortgages or supplements to Mortgages executed by the applicable Loan Party encumbering substantially all of the Loan Parties’ Proven Reserves described in the most recently delivered Reserve Report to the extent that such Proven Reserves were not previously subject to an Acceptable Security Interest pursuant to a Mortgage or supplement to Mortgage that was previously executed, delivered and recorded in the appropriate real property records of the applicable county.

 

Section 9.                                            Effect on Loan Documents .  Except as amended herein, the Credit Agreement and the Loan Documents remain in full force and effect as originally executed and are hereby ratified and confirmed, and nothing herein shall act as a waiver of any of the Administrative Agent’s or Lenders’ rights under the Loan Documents.  This Agreement is a Loan Document for the purposes of the provisions of the other Loan Documents.  Without limiting the foregoing, any breach of representations, warranties, and covenants under this Agreement is a Default or Event of Default under other Loan Documents.

 

Section 10.                                     Choice of Law .  This Agreement shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with the laws of the State of New York without regard to conflicts of laws principles (other than Sections 5-1401 and 5-1402 of the General Obligations Law of the State of New York).

 

Section 11.                                     Counterparts .  This Agreement may be signed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be an original.

 

THIS WRITTEN AGREEMENT AND THE LOAN DOCUMENTS, AS DEFINED IN THE CREDIT AGREEMENT, REPRESENT THE FINAL AGREEMENT AMONG THE PARTIES AND MAY NOT BE CONTRADICTED BY EVIDENCE OF PRIOR, CONTEMPORANEOUS, OR SUBSEQUENT ORAL AGREEMENTS OF THE PARTIES.  THERE ARE NO UNWRITTEN ORAL AGREEMENTS BETWEEN THE PARTIES.

 

6


 

EXECUTED as of the date first set forth above.

 

BORROWER :

 

 

 

 

 

EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Rusty Kelley

 

 

Name:

Rusty Kelley

 

 

Title:

Chief Financial Officer

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

GUARANTORS :

 

 

 

 

 

 

EXTRACTION OIL & GAS, LLC

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Rusty Kelley

 

 

Name:

Rusty Kelley

 

 

Title:

Chief Financial Officer

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

XTR MIDSTREAM, LLC

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Rusty Kelley

 

 

Name:

Rusty Kelley

 

 

Title:

Chief Financial Officer

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

7N, LLC

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Rusty Kelley

 

 

Name:

Rusty Kelley

 

 

Title:

Chief Financial Officer

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

MOUNTAINTOP MINERALS, LLC

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Rusty Kelley

 

 

Name:

Rusty Kelley

 

 

Title:

Chief Financial Officer

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

8 NORTH, LLC

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Rusty Kelley

 

 

Name:

Rusty Kelley

 

 

Title:

Chief Financial Officer

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 7 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

ELEVATION MIDSTREAM, LLC

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Rusty Kelley

 

Name:

Rusty Kelley

 

Title:

Chief Financial Officer

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

XOG SERVICES, LLC

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Rusty Kelley

 

Name:

Rusty Kelley

 

Title:

Chief Financial Officer

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

XOG SERVICES, INC.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Rusty Kelley

 

Name:

Rusty Kelley

 

Title:

Chief Financial Officer

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 7 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT/ISSUING

 

LENDER/LENDER :

 

 

 

WELLS FARGO BANK, NATIONAL

 

ASSOCIATION,

 

as Administrative Agent, Issuing Lender and an

 

Existing Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Michaela E. Braun

 

Name:

Michaela E. Braun

 

Title:

Director

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 7 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

LENDERS :

 

 

 

ROYAL BANK OF CANADA,

 

as an Existing Lender

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Mark Lumpkin, Jr.

 

Name:

Mark Lumpkin, Jr.

 

Title:

Authorized Signatory

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 7 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

BOKF, NA,

 

as an Existing Lender

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Benjamin H. Adler

 

Name:

Benjamin H. Adler

 

Title:

Vice President

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 7 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

GOLDMAN SACHS BANK USA,

 

as an Existing Lender

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Michelle Latzoni

 

Name:

Michelle Latzoni

 

Title:

Authorized Signatory

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 7 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

FIFTH THIRD BANK,

 

as an Existing Lender

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Jonathan H Lee

 

Name:

Jonathan H Lee

 

Title:

Director

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 7 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 


 

 

SUNTRUST BANK,

 

as an Existing Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Shannon Juhan

 

Name:

Shannon Juhan

 

Title:

Director

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 7 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

MUFG UNION BANK, N.A.

 

as an Existing Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Brian Hawk

 

Name:

Brian Hawk

 

Title:

Vice President

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 7 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

KEYBANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,

 

as an Existing Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ George E McKean

 

Name:

George E McKean

 

Title:

Senior Vice President

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 7 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

BARCLAYS BANK PLC,

 

as an Existing Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Vanessa Kurbatskiy

 

Name:

Vanessa Kurbatskiy

 

Title:

Vice President

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 7 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

ABN AMRO CAPITAL USA LLC,

 

as a New Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Laurence Guguen

 

Name:

Laurence Guguen

 

Title:

Executive Director

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Urvashi Zutshi

 

Name:

Urvashi Zutshi

 

Title:

Managing Director

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 7 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

SCHEDULE I

 

Commitments, Contact Information

 

ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT/ ISSUING LENDER

 

 

 

Wells Fargo Bank, National Association

Address :

1700 Lincoln St., 6 th  Floor

 

 

Denver, CO 80203

 

Attn :

Joe Rottinghaus

 

Telephone :

303-863-5367

 

Facsimile :

303-863-5196

 

 

 

LOAN PARTIES

 

Borrower/Guarantors

Address :

370 17th Street, Suite 5300

 

 

Denver, CO 80202

 

Attn:

Mr. Rusty Kelley

 

Telephone :

720-557-8302

 

Facsimile :

720-557-8301

 

Email :

rtkelley@extractionog.com

 

Lender

 

Commitment

 

Wells Fargo Bank, National Association

 

$

124,561,404.51

 

Royal Bank of Canada

 

$

77,192,982.46

 

BOKF, NA

 

$

52,631,579.95

 

Barclays Bank PLC

 

$

38,596,491.23

 

KeyBank National Association

 

$

38,596,491.23

 

SunTrust Bank

 

$

38,596,491.23

 

Fifth Third Bank

 

$

35,087,719.30

 

MUFG Union Bank, N.A.

 

$

35,087,719.30

 

ABN AMRO Capital USA LLC

 

$

29,824,562.40

 

Goldman Sachs Bank USA

 

$

29,824,562.40

 

Total:

 

$

500,000,000

 

 

[SCHEDULE I TO AMENDMENT NO. 7 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT – EXTRACTION]

 




Exhibit 10.9

 

Execution Version

 

AMENDMENT NO. 8 AND JOINDER TO CREDIT AGREEMENT

 

This Amendment No. 8 and Joinder to Credit Agreement (this “ Agreement ”) dated as of June 13, 2016 (the “ Effective Date ”), is among Extraction Oil & Gas Holdings, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “ Borrower ”), Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, XTR Midstream, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, 7N, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, Mountaintop Minerals, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, 8 North, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, Elevation Midstream, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, XOG Services, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, and XOG Services, Inc., a Colorado corporation (collectively, the “ Guarantors ”), the undersigned Existing Lenders (as defined below), Credit Suisse AG, Cayman Islands Branch (the “ New Lender ”), and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Administrative Agent for the Lenders (in such capacity, the “ Administrative Agent ”) and as Issuing Lender (the “ Issuing Lender ”).

 

INTRODUCTION

 

A.                                     The Borrower, the financial institutions party thereto as Lenders (the “ Existing Lenders ”, and together with the New Lender (as defined below), collectively, the “ Lenders ”), the Issuing Lender, and the Administrative Agent have entered into the Credit Agreement dated as of September 4, 2014, as amended by the Amendment No. 1 dated as of September 24, 2014, the Amendment No. 2 and Joinder dated as of November 10, 2014, the Amendment No. 3 dated as of December 30, 2014, the Waiver dated as of February 12, 2015, the Consent Agreement dated as of February 27, 2015, the Consent Agreement dated as of March 25, 2015, the Waiver dated as of April 28, 2015, the Amendment No. 4 and Joinder dated as of May 27, 2015, the Amendment No. 5 dated as of September 1, 2015, the Amendment No. 6 dated as of September 10, 2015, and the Amendment No. 7 and Joinder dated as of December 15, 2015 (as so amended and modified and as may be otherwise amended, restated, or modified from time to time, the “ Credit Agreement ”).

 

B.                                     The Guarantors have entered into the Guaranty Agreement dated as of September 4, 2014 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “ Guaranty ”) in favor of the Administrative Agent for the benefit of the Secured Parties (as defined in the Credit Agreement).

 

C.                                     The Lenders agree to reaffirm the Borrowing Base at $285,000,000 for the May 1, 2016 redetermination of the Borrowing Base.

 

D.                                     In connection with the Borrowing Base redetermination provided for herein, the New Lender desires to become party to the Credit Agreement as a Lender and the Commitments of the Existing Lenders and the New Lender shall be adjusted to the amounts set forth on Schedule I attached hereto.

 

E.                                      The Borrower has requested that the Lenders and the Administrative Agent amend the Credit Agreement as set forth herein.

 



 

THEREFORE, in fulfillment of the foregoing, the Borrower, the Guarantors, the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Lender, and the undersigned Lenders hereby agree as follows:

 

Section 1.                                            Definitions; References .  Unless otherwise defined in this Agreement, each term used in this Agreement which is defined in the Credit Agreement has the meaning assigned to such term in the Credit Agreement.

 

Section 2.                                            Joinder of New Lender .  In lieu of executing and delivering an Assignment and Assumption, each Existing Lender whose Pro Rata Share of the Commitments is decreasing in connection herewith (each an “ Assignor ” and, collectively, the “ Assignors ”) and the New Lender and each Existing Lender whose Pro Rata Share of the Commitments is increasing in connection herewith (each an “ Increasing Lender ”; and together with the New Lender, each an “ Assignee ” and, collectively, the “ Assignees ”) hereby agree to, and the Borrower hereby accepts, the following:

 

(a)                                  For an agreed consideration, each Assignor hereby irrevocably sells and assigns to the respective Assignees, and each Assignee hereby irrevocably purchases and assumes from the respective Assignors, subject to and in accordance with the terms hereof and the Credit Agreement, as of the Effective Date, (i) such percentage in and to all of the respective Assignors’ rights and obligations in their respective capacities as Lenders under the Credit Agreement and any other documents or instruments delivered pursuant thereto to the extent related to the amount identified in Schedule I hereto that would result in the Existing Lenders and Assignees having the respective Commitments set forth in Schedule I attached hereto (including without limitation any letters of credit and guaranties provided in connection with the Credit Agreement) and (ii) to the extent permitted to be assigned under applicable law, all claims, suits, causes of action and any other right of the respective Assignors (in their respective capacities as Lenders) against any Person, whether known or unknown, arising under or in connection with the Credit Agreement, any other documents or instruments delivered pursuant thereto or the loan transactions governed thereby or in any way based on or related to any of the foregoing, including, but not limited to, contract claims, tort claims, malpractice claims, statutory claims and all other claims at law or in equity related to the rights and obligations sold and assigned pursuant to clause (i)  above (the rights and obligations sold and assigned by any Assignor to any Assignee pursuant to clauses (i)  and (ii)  above being referred to herein collectively as an “ Assigned Interest ”).  Each such sale and assignment is without recourse to any Assignor and, except as expressly provided in this Agreement, without representation or warranty by any Assignor.

 

(b)                                  Each Lender acknowledges that it has, independently and without reliance upon the Administrative Agent or any other Lender and based on the financial statements referred to in Section 5.2 of the Credit Agreement and such other documents and information as it has deemed appropriate, made its own credit analysis and decision to enter into this Agreement and to agree to the various matters set forth herein.  Each Lender also acknowledges that it will, independently and without reliance upon the Administrative Agent or any other Lender and based on such documents and information as it shall deem appropriate at the time, continue to make its own credit decisions in taking or not taking action under the Credit Agreement.

 

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(c)                                   From and after the Effective Date, Administrative Agent shall make all payments in respect of each Assigned Interest (including payments of principal, interest, fees and other amounts) to the Assignees whether such amounts have accrued prior to, on or after the Effective Date.  The Assignors and Assignees shall make all appropriate adjustments in payments by Administrative Agent for periods prior to the Effective Date or with respect to the making of this assignment directly between themselves.

 

(d)                                  Administrative Agent, Issuing Lender and Borrower hereby consent to the Assignors’ assignment of the Assigned Interests to the Assignees, waive any other conditions to the effectiveness of such assignment that are not expressly set forth in this Agreement, and agree that the terms of this Agreement shall constitute an Assignment and Assumption.  Administrative Agent hereby consents to an one-time waiver of the $3,500 processing and recordation fee that would otherwise be payable by New Lender pursuant to Section 9.7(b)(iv) of the Credit Agreement as a result of the assignment provided for herein.

 

Section 3.                                            Amendments to Credit Agreement .  Upon the satisfaction of the conditions specified in Section 7 of this Agreement, and effective as of the date set forth above, the Credit Agreement is amended as follows:

 

(a)                                  Section 1.1 of the Credit Agreement ( Certain Defined Terms ) is amended to add the following defined term in alphabetical order:

 

Amendment No. 8 Effective Date ” means June 13, 2016.

 

(b)                                  Section 2.2 of the Credit Agreement ( Borrowing Base ) is hereby amended as follows:

 

(1)                                  clause (a) thereof is hereby amended to read in its entirety as follows:

 

“(a)                            Borrowing Base .  The Borrowing Base in effect as of the Amendment No. 8 Effective Date has been set by the Administrative Agent and the Lenders and acknowledged by the Borrower as $285,000,000. Such Borrowing Base shall remain in effect until the next redetermination or reduction made pursuant to this Section 2.2 .  The Borrowing Base shall be determined in accordance with the standards set forth in Section 2.2(d)  and is subject to periodic redetermination pursuant to Sections 2.2(b) , and 2.2(c)  and reductions pursuant to Section 2.2(e) .”

 

(2)                                  clause (b)(iv) thereof is hereby amended by replacing in its entirety the language “August 1” found therein with the following: “August 1, 2015”.

 

(c)                                   Section 5.2 of the Credit Agreement ( Reporting ) is hereby amended by replacing the language “August 1” found in clause (c)(iv) thereof in its entirety with the following: “August 1, 2015”.

 

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(d)                                  Schedule I to the Credit Agreement ( Commitments, Contact Information ) is amended to read in its entirety as set forth on Schedule I attached hereto.

 

Section 4.                                            Reaffirmation of Liens .

 

(a)                                  Each of the Borrower and each Guarantor (i) is party to certain Security Documents securing and supporting the Borrower’s and Guarantors’ obligations under the Loan Documents, (ii) represents and warrants that it has no defenses to the enforcement of the Security Documents and that according to their terms the Security Documents will continue in full force and effect to secure the Borrower’s and Guarantors’ obligations under the Loan Documents, as the same may be amended, supplemented, or otherwise modified, and (iii) acknowledges, represents, and warrants that the liens and security interests created by the Security Documents are valid and subsisting and create a first and prior Lien (subject only to Permitted Liens) in the Collateral to secure the Secured Obligations.

 

(b)                                  The delivery of this Agreement does not indicate or establish a requirement that any Loan Document requires any Guarantor’s approval of amendments to the Credit Agreement.

 

Section 5.                                            Reaffirmation of Guaranty .  Each Guarantor hereby ratifies, confirms, and acknowledges that its obligations under the Guaranty and the other Loan Documents are in full force and effect and that such Guarantor continues to unconditionally and irrevocably guarantee the full and punctual payment, when due, whether at stated maturity or earlier by acceleration or otherwise, of all of the Guaranteed Obligations (as defined in the Guaranty), as such Guaranteed Obligations may have been amended by this Agreement.  Each Guarantor hereby acknowledges that its execution and delivery of this Agreement do not indicate or establish an approval or consent requirement by such Guarantor under the Credit Agreement in connection with the execution and delivery of amendments, modifications or waivers to the Credit Agreement, the Notes or any of the other Loan Documents.

 

Section 6.                                            Representations and Warranties .  Each of the Borrower and each Guarantor represents and warrants to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders  that:

 

(a)                                  the representations and warranties set forth in the Credit Agreement and in the other Loan Documents are true and correct in all material respects as of the date of this Agreement (except to the extent such representations and warranties relate to an earlier date, in which case such representations and warranties shall be true and correct in all material respects as of such earlier date); provided that such materiality qualifier shall not apply if such representation or warranty is already subject to a materiality qualifier in the Credit Agreement or such other Loan Document;

 

(b)                                  (i) the execution, delivery, and performance of this Agreement are within the corporate, limited partnership or limited liability company power, as appropriate, and authority of the Borrower and Guarantors and have been duly authorized by appropriate proceedings and (ii) this Agreement constitutes a legal, valid, and binding obligation of the Borrower and Guarantors, enforceable against the Borrower and Guarantors in accordance with

 

4



 

its terms, except as limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, or similar laws affecting the rights of creditors generally and general principles of equity; and

 

(c)                                   as of the effectiveness of this Agreement and after giving effect thereto, no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing.

 

Section 7.                                            Effectiveness .  This Agreement shall become effective as of the date hereof upon the occurrence of all of the following:

 

(a)                                  Documentation . The Administrative Agent shall have received:

 

(1)                                  this Agreement, duly and validly executed by the Borrower, the Guarantors, the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Bank each Existing Lender and the New Lender, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders;

 

(2)                                  a Note payable to the New Lender in the amount of such New Lender’s Commitment (after giving effect to this Agreement), duly and validly executed by the Borrower; and

 

(3)                                  a Note payable to each Increasing Lender in the amount of such Increasing Lender’s Commitment (after giving effect to this Agreement), duly and validly executed by the Borrower.

 

(b)                                  Representations and Warranties .  The representations and warranties in this Agreement being true and correct in all material respects before and after giving effect to this Agreement (except to the extent such representations and warranties relate to an earlier date, in which case such representations and warranties shall be true and correct in all material respects as of such earlier date); provided that such materiality qualifier shall not apply if such representation or warranty is already subject to a materiality qualifier in the Credit Agreement or such other Loan Document.

 

(c)                                   No Default or Event of Default . There being no Default or Event of Default which has occurred and is continuing.

 

(d)                                  Expenses .  The Borrower’s having paid all costs, expenses, and fees which have been invoiced and are payable pursuant to Section 9.1 of the Credit Agreement or any other agreement.

 

Section 8.                                            Effect on Loan Documents .  Except as amended herein, the Credit Agreement and the Loan Documents remain in full force and effect as originally executed and are hereby ratified and confirmed, and nothing herein shall act as a waiver of any of the Administrative Agent’s or Lenders’ rights under the Loan Documents.  This Agreement is a Loan Document for the purposes of the provisions of the other Loan Documents.  Without limiting the foregoing, any breach of representations, warranties, and covenants under this Agreement is a Default or Event of Default under other Loan Documents.

 

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Section 9.                                            Choice of Law .  This Agreement shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with the laws of the State of New York without regard to conflicts of laws principles (other than Sections 5-1401 and 5-1402 of the General Obligations Law of the State of New York).

 

Section 10.                                     Counterparts .  This Agreement may be signed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be an original.

 

THIS WRITTEN AGREEMENT AND THE LOAN DOCUMENTS, AS DEFINED IN THE CREDIT AGREEMENT, REPRESENT THE FINAL AGREEMENT AMONG THE PARTIES AND MAY NOT BE CONTRADICTED BY EVIDENCE OF PRIOR, CONTEMPORANEOUS, OR SUBSEQUENT ORAL AGREEMENTS OF THE PARTIES.  THERE ARE NO UNWRITTEN ORAL AGREEMENTS BETWEEN THE PARTIES.

 

[ Remainder of page intentionally left blank; Signature pages follow. ]

 

6


 

EXECUTED as of the date first set forth above.

 

BORROWER:

 

 

 

EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Rusty Kelley

 

Name:

Rusty Kelley

 

Title:

Chief Financial Officer

 

 

GUARANTORS:

 

 

 

7N, LLC

 

8 NORTH, LLC

 

ELEVATION MIDSTREAM, LLC

 

EXTRACTION OIL & GAS, LLC

 

MOUNTAINTOP MINERALS, LLC

 

XOG SERVICES, INC.

 

XOG SERVICES, LLC

 

XTR MIDSTREAM, LLC

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Rusty Kelley

 

Name:

Rusty Kelley

 

Title:

Chief Financial Officer

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 8 AND JOINDER TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT/ISSUING LENDER/LENDER :

 

 

 

WELLS FARGO BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,

 

as Administrative Agent, Issuing Lender, and an Existing Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Zachary Kramer

 

Name:

Zachary Kramer

 

Title:

Assistant Vice President

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 8 AND JOINDER TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

LENDERS :

 

 

 

ROYAL BANK OF CANADA,

 

as an Existing Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Kristan Spivey

 

Name:

Kristan Spivey

 

Title:

Authorized Signatory

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 8 AND JOINDER TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

BOKF, NA,

 

as an Existing Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Benjamin H. Adler

 

Name:

Benjamin H. Adler

 

Title:

Vice President

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 8 AND JOINDER TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

GOLDMAN SACHS BANK USA,

 

as an Existing Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Jerry Li

 

Name:

Jerry Li

 

Title:

Authorized Signatory

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 8 AND JOINDER TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

FIFTH THIRD BANK,

 

as an Existing Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Jonathan H Lee

 

Name:

Jonathan H Lee

 

Title:

Director

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 8 AND JOINDER TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

SUNTRUST BANK,

 

as an Existing Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Shannon Juhan

 

Name:

Shannon Juhan

 

Title:

Director

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 8 AND JOINDER TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 


 

 

MUFG UNION BANK, N.A.

 

as an Existing Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Joshua Patterson

 

Name:

Joshua Patterson

 

Title:

Managing Director

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 8 AND JOINDER TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

KEYBANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,

 

as an Existing Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ George E. McKean

 

Name:

George E. McKean

 

Title:

Senior Vice President

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 8 AND JOINDER TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

BARCLAYS BANK PLC,

 

as an Existing Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Vanessa Kurbatskiy

 

Name:

Vanessa Kurbatskiy

 

Title:

Vice President

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 8 AND JOINDER TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

ABN AMRO CAPITAL USA LLC,

 

as an Existing Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ David Montgomery

 

Name:

David Montgomery

 

Title:

Executive Director

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ J.D. Kalverkamp

 

Name:

J.D. Kalverkamp

 

Title:

Country Executive

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 8 AND JOINDER TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

CREDIT SUISSE AG,

 

CAYMAN ISLANDS BRANCH,

 

as the New Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Nupur Kumar

 

Name:

Nupur Kumar

 

Title:

Authorized Signatory

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Lorenz Meier

 

Name:

Lorenz Meier

 

Title:

Authorized Signatory

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 8 AND JOINDER TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

SCHEDULE I

 

Commitments, Contact Information

 

ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT/ ISSUING LENDER

 

Wells Fargo Bank, National Association

Address :

1700 Lincoln St., 6 th  Floor

 

 

Denver, CO 80203

 

Attn :

Joe Rottinghaus

 

Telephone :

303-863-5367

 

Facsimile :

303-863-5196

 

 

LOAN PARTIES

 

Borrower/Guarantors

Address :

370 17th Street, Suite 5300

 

 

Denver, CO 80202

 

Attn:

Mr. Rusty Kelley

 

Telephone :

720-557-8302

 

Facsimile :

720-557-8301

 

Email :

rtkelley@extractionog.com

 

 

Lender

 

Commitment

 

Wells Fargo Bank, National Association

 

$

114,035,087.72

 

Royal Bank of Canada

 

$

68,421,052.63

 

BOKF, NA

 

$

42,105,263.16

 

Barclays Bank PLC

 

$

42,105,263.16

 

KeyBank National Association

 

$

42,105,263.16

 

SunTrust Bank

 

$

42,105,263.16

 

Fifth Third Bank

 

$

29,824,561.40

 

MUFG Union Bank, N.A.

 

$

29,824,561.40

 

ABN AMRO Capital USA LLC

 

$

29,824,561.40

 

Goldman Sachs Bank USA

 

$

29,824,561.40

 

Credit Suisse AG, Cayman Islands Branch

 

$

29,824,561.40

 

Total:

 

$

500,000,000.00

 

 

[SCHEDULE I TO AMENDMENT NO. 8 AND JOINDER TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 




Exhibit 10.10

 

Execution Version

 

AMENDMENT NO. 9 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT

 

This Amendment No. 9 to Credit Agreement (this “ Agreement ”) dated as of August 12, 2016 (the “ Effective Date ”), is among Extraction Oil & Gas Holdings, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “ Borrower ”), Extraction Finance Corp., a Delaware corporation, Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, XTR Midstream, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, 7N, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, Mountaintop Minerals, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, 8 North, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, Elevation Midstream, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, XOG Services, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, and XOG Services, Inc., a Colorado corporation (collectively, the “ Guarantors ”), the Lenders (defined below) party hereto, and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Administrative Agent for the Lenders (in such capacity, the “ Administrative Agent ”) and as Issuing Lender (the “ Issuing Lender ”).

 

INTRODUCTION

 

A.            The Borrower, the financial institutions party thereto from time to time (the “ Lenders ”), the Issuing Lender, and the Administrative Agent have entered into the Credit Agreement dated as of September 4, 2014, as amended by the Amendment No. 1 dated as of September 24, 2014, the Amendment No.  2 and Joinder dated as of November 10, 2014, the Amendment No. 3 dated as of December 30, 2014, the Waiver dated as of February 12, 2015, the Consent Agreement dated as of February 27, 2015, the Consent Agreement dated as of March 25, 2015, the Waiver dated as of April 28, 2015, the Amendment No. 4 and Joinder dated as of May 27, 2015, the Amendment No. 5 dated as of September 1, 2015, the Amendment No. 6 dated as of September 10, 2015, the Amendment No. 7 and Joinder dated as of December 15, 2015, and the Amendment No. 8 and Joinder dated as of June 13, 2016 (as so amended and modified and as may be otherwise amended, restated, or modified from time to time, the “ Credit Agreement ”).

 

B.            The Guarantors have entered into the Guaranty Agreement dated as of September 4, 2014 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “ Guaranty ”) in favor of the Administrative Agent for the benefit of the Secured Parties (as defined in the Credit Agreement).

 

C.            The Borrower has requested that the Lenders and the Administrative Agent amend the Credit Agreement as set forth herein.

 

THEREFORE, in fulfillment of the foregoing, the Borrower, the Guarantors, the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Lender, and the undersigned Lenders hereby agree as follows:

 

Section 1.              Definitions; References .  Unless otherwise defined in this Agreement, each term used in this Agreement which is defined in the Credit Agreement has the meaning assigned to such term in the Credit Agreement, as amended hereby.

 

Section 2.              Amendments to Credit Agreement .  Upon the satisfaction of the conditions specified in Section 6 of this Agreement, and effective as of the date set forth above, the Credit Agreement is amended as follows:

 



 

(a)           Section 1.1 of the Credit Agreement ( Certain Defined Terms ) is amended to add the following defined terms in alphabetical order:

 

100% Hedge Termination Date ” means the day on which the earliest of the following events occurs: (a) the transactions contemplated under the Bayswater Acquisition Agreement close, (b) the Bayswater Acquisition Agreement is terminated pursuant to the terms thereof, and (c) October 31, 2016.

 

Amendment No. 9 Effective Date ” means August 12, 2016.

 

Bail-In Action ” means the exercise of any Write-Down and Conversion Powers by the applicable EEA Resolution Authority in respect of any liability of an EEA Financial Institution.

 

Bail-In Legislation ” means, with respect to any EEA Member Country implementing Article 55 of Directive 2014/59/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of the European Union, the implementing law for such EEA Member Country from time to time which is described in the EU Bail-In Legislation Schedule.

 

Bayswater Acquisition ” means the acquisition by Company of certain of the Bayswater Entities’ assets pursuant to the Bayswater Acquisition Agreement.

 

Bayswater Acquisition Agreement ” means that certain Purchase and Sale Agreement dated as of July 29, 2016, among the Bayswater Entities and Company, as amended, supplemented, restated, or otherwise modified from time to time.

 

Bayswater Entities ” means Bayswater Exploration & Production LLC, a Colorado limited liability company, Bayswater Blenheim Holdings, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, and Bayswater Blenheim Holdings II, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company.

 

Bayswater Oil and Gas Properties ” means any Oil and Gas Properties acquired by Company as part of the Bayswater Acquisition.

 

EEA Financial Institution ” means (a) any credit institution or investment firm established in any EEA Member Country which is subject to the supervision of an EEA Resolution Authority, (b) any entity established in an EEA Member Country which is a parent of an institution described in clause (a)  of this definition, or (c) any financial institution established in an EEA Member Country which is a subsidiary of an institution described in clauses (a)  or (b)  of

 

2



 

this definition and is subject to consolidated supervision with its parent.

 

EEA Member Country ” means any of the member states of the European Union, Iceland, Liechtenstein, and Norway.

 

EEA Resolution Authority ” means any public administrative authority or any person entrusted with public administrative authority of any EEA Member Country (including any delegee) having responsibility for the resolution of any EEA Financial Institution.

 

EU Bail-In Legislation Schedule ” means the EU Bail-In Legislation Schedule published by the Loan Market Association (or any successor person), as in effect from time to time.

 

July 2021 7.875% Senior Notes ” means the 7.875% senior unsecured notes offered by the Borrower and Extraction Finance Corp., a Subsidiary of the Borrower, on July 15, 2016, in an aggregate principal amount of $550,000,000 and with a maturity date of July 15, 2021.

 

Legacy Oil and Gas Properties ” means any Oil and Gas Properties (other than the Bayswater Oil and Gas Properties) owned by the Borrower or any Subsidiary prior to the 100% Hedge Termination Date.

 

Permitted Notes ” has the meaning set forth in Section 6.1(g) ; provided that for the avoidance of doubt, Permitted Notes shall not be deemed to include Permitted Supplemental Notes.

 

Permitted Supplemental Notes ” means Debt in the form of senior unsecured notes that (a) represent a supplemental issuance of the July 2021 7.875% Senior Notes, (b) the aggregate principal amount of such senior unsecured notes does not exceed $150,000,000, (c) the issuance of such senior unsecured notes occurs on or prior to October 31, 2016, (d) the Net Leverage Ratio, calculated on a pro forma basis after giving effect to the incurrence of such Debt, is not more than 4.00 to 1.00 and the Borrower is in pro forma compliance with Section 6.16(b)  after giving effect to any such issuance, and (e) such Debt would otherwise meet all the requirements for the issuance of Permitted Notes set forth in Section 6.1(g), other than Section 6.1(g)(i)  and (ix) , and the following portion of Section 6.1(g)(ii) : “and the corresponding reduction to the Borrowing Base pursuant to Section 2.2(e) .

 

Write-Down and Conversion Powers ” means, with respect to any EEA Resolution Authority, the write-down and conversion powers

 

3



 

of such EEA Resolution Authority from time to time under the Bail-In Legislation for the applicable EEA Member Country, which write-down and conversion powers are described in the EU Bail-In Legislation Schedule.

 

(b)           Section 1.1 of the Credit Agreement ( Certain Defined Terms ) is further amended by replacing clause (d) of the definition of “ Defaulting Lender ” and the proviso following such clause in their entirety with the following:

 

(d) has, or has a direct or indirect parent company that has, (i) become the subject of a proceeding under any Debtor Relief Law, (ii) had appointed for it a receiver, custodian, conservator, trustee, administrator, assignee for the benefit of creditors or similar Person charged with reorganization or liquidation of its business or assets, including the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other state or federal regulatory authority acting in such a capacity, or (iii) become the subject of a Bail-In Action; provided that a Lender shall not be a Defaulting Lender solely by virtue of the ownership or acquisition of any equity interest in that Lender or any direct or indirect parent company thereof by a Governmental Authority so long as such ownership interest does not result in or provide such Lender with immunity from the jurisdiction of courts within the United States or from the enforcement of judgments or writs of attachment on its assets or permit such Lender (or such Governmental Authority) to reject, repudiate, disavow or disaffirm any contracts or agreements made with such Lender.

 

(c)           Section 2.2(e) of the Credit Agreement ( Reductions to Borrowing Base ) is hereby amended by replacing clause (iii) thereof in its entirety with the following:

 

(iii)          Debt Issuances .  Upon the issuance of Debt in the form of Permitted Notes after the Amendment No. 9 Effective Date, the Borrowing Base shall be automatically reduced, without duplication, by an amount equal to 25% of the amount by which the aggregate principal amount of Permitted Notes and Permitted Supplemental Notes outstanding after such issuance exceeds the aggregate principal amount of Permitted Notes and Permitted Supplemental Notes outstanding immediately prior to such issuance.  For the avoidance of doubt, the issuance of Permitted Supplemental Notes shall not cause a reduction of the Borrowing Base pursuant to this Section 2.2(e).

 

(d)           Section 5.14 of the Credit Agreement ( Post-Closing Requirement ) is hereby amended by adding the following sentence to the end thereof:

 

4



 

Borrower hereby covenants and agrees it shall negotiate with the Administrative Agent and the Lenders in good faith to cause this Agreement to be amended to include customary anti-cash hoarding provisions in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Administrative Agent and the Lenders party to such amendment on or prior to the earlier to occur of the following: (i) the next redetermination of the Borrowing Base after the Amendment No. 9 Effective Date and (ii) October 31, 2016.

 

(e)           Section 6.1 of the Credit Agreement ( Debt ) is hereby amended by replacing the introductory phrase leading up to the initial colon in clause (g) thereof in its entirety with the following:

 

(g)            Debt consisting of senior unsecured notes issuances (other than the issuance of the Permitted Supplemental Notes) that meet the following requirements (such notes under this clause (g) being referred to herein as the “ Permitted Notes ”):

 

(f)            Section 6.1 of the Credit Agreement ( Debt ) is hereby further amended by adding the word “and” at the end of clause (g)(viii) thereof, replacing “; and” in clause (g)(ix) thereof with “.”, and deleting clause (g)(x) thereof in its entirety.

 

(g)           Section 6.1 of the Credit Agreement ( Debt ) is hereby further amended by replacing clause (h) thereof in its entirety with the following:

 

(h)            Debt consisting of Permitted Supplemental Notes.

 

(h)           Section 6.5 of the Credit Agreement ( Agreements Restricting Liens ) is hereby amended by replacing the reference to “Permitted Notes ” found in clause (b)(iii)(C) thereof with “Permitted Notes and Permitted Supplemental Notes” .

 

(i)            Section 6.15 of the Credit Agreement ( Limitation on Hedging ) is hereby amended by adding the following proviso to the end of clause (b) thereof:

 

provided further that, notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in clause (iii)  or (iv)  above, any Loan Party or any Subsidiary of any Loan Party may, until the 100% Hedge Termination Date and so long as such Loan Party or such Subsidiary is otherwise in compliance with this Section 6.15 , be party to, enter into, and otherwise maintain any Hedging Arrangement which covers (calculated separately for each type of Hydrocarbon), for the portion of any period of time following any date of determination that occurs prior to December 31, 2018, (A) notional volumes (in the aggregate, taking into account all other Hedging Arrangements entered into by the Loan Parties) not in excess of 100% of the anticipated production of gas volumes attributable to the Legacy Oil and Gas Properties of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, (B) notional volumes (in the aggregate, taking into account all other Hedging Arrangements entered into by the Loan Parties) not in excess of 100% of the anticipated production of natural gas liquids volumes attributable to the Legacy Oil and Gas Properties of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, or (C) notional volumes (in the aggregate, taking

 

5



 

into account all other Hedging Arrangements entered into by the Loan Parties) not in excess of 100% of the anticipated production of oil volumes attributable to the Legacy Oil and Gas Properties of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, in each case, as reflected in the most recently delivered Reserve Report under Section 2.2 or in other projections of anticipated production acceptable to the Administrative Agent for each month occurring prior to December 31, 2018, during the period such Hedging Arrangement is in effect; provided, however, that the volume limitations shall not apply to put option contracts that are not related to corresponding calls, collars or swaps.  No later than ten Business Days after the 100% Hedge Termination Date, the Borrower shall (X) furnish to Administrative Agent an updated Reserve Report or other projections of anticipated production acceptable to the Administrative Agent, (Y) terminate, create off-setting positions or otherwise unwind existing Hedging Arrangements to the extent necessary to cause compliance with this Section 6.15 on a going forward basis (after giving effect to the occurrence of the 100% Hedge Termination Date), and (Z) furnish to Administrative Agent a certificate executed by a Responsible Officer certifying that as of the date of such certificate the Borrower is in compliance with this Section 6.15 .

 

(j)            Article 9 of the Credit Agreement ( Miscellaneous ) is hereby amended by re-numbering Section 9.21 ( Integration ) thereof as Section 9.22 and adding the following Section 9.21 thereto:

 

Section 9.21          Acknowledgment and Consent to Bail-In of EEA Financial Institutions .  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in any Loan Document or in any other agreement, arrangement or understanding among any such parties, each party hereto acknowledges that any liability of any EEA Financial Institution arising under any Loan Document, to the extent such liability is unsecured, may be subject to the Write-down and Conversion Powers of an EEA Resolution Authority and agrees and consents to, and acknowledges and agrees to be bound by:

 

(a) the application of any Write-Down and Conversion Powers by an EEA Resolution Authority to any such liabilities arising hereunder which may be payable to it by any party hereto that is an EEA Financial Institution; and

 

(b) the effects of any Bail-in Action on any such liability, including, if applicable:

 

6



 

(i) a reduction in full or in part or cancellation of any such liability;

 

(ii) a conversion of all, or a portion of, such liability into shares or other instruments of ownership in such EEA Financial Institution, its parent undertaking, or a bridge institution that may be issued to it or otherwise conferred on it, and that such shares or other instruments of ownership will be accepted by it in lieu of any rights with respect to any such liability under this Agreement or any other Loan Document; or

 

(iii) the variation of the terms of such liability in connection with the exercise of the Write-Down and Conversion Powers of any EEA Resolution Authority.

 

Section 3.              Reaffirmation of Liens .

 

(a)           Each of the Borrower and each Guarantor (i) is party to certain Security Documents securing and supporting the Borrower’s and Guarantors’ obligations under the Loan Documents, (ii) represents and warrants that it has no defenses to the enforcement of the Security Documents and that according to their terms the Security Documents will continue in full force and effect to secure the Borrower’s and Guarantors’ obligations under the Loan Documents, as the same may be amended, supplemented, or otherwise modified, and (iii) acknowledges, represents, and warrants that the liens and security interests created by the Security Documents are valid and subsisting and create a first and prior Lien (subject only to Permitted Liens) in the Collateral to secure the Secured Obligations.

 

(b)           The delivery of this Agreement does not indicate or establish a requirement that any Loan Document requires any Guarantor’s approval of amendments to the Credit Agreement.

 

Section 4.              Reaffirmation of Guaranty .  Each Guarantor hereby ratifies, confirms, and acknowledges that its obligations under the Guaranty and the other Loan Documents are in full force and effect and that such Guarantor continues to unconditionally and irrevocably guarantee the full and punctual payment, when due, whether at stated maturity or earlier by acceleration or otherwise, of all of the Guaranteed Obligations (as defined in the Guaranty), as such Guaranteed Obligations may have been amended by this Agreement.  Each Guarantor hereby acknowledges that its execution and delivery of this Agreement do not indicate or establish an approval or consent requirement by such Guarantor under the Credit Agreement in connection with the execution and delivery of amendments, modifications or waivers to the Credit Agreement, the Notes or any of the other Loan Documents.

 

Section 5.              Representations and Warranties .  Each of the Borrower and each Guarantor represents and warrants to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders  that:

 

(a)           the representations and warranties set forth in the Credit Agreement and in the other Loan Documents are true and correct in all material respects as of the date of this Agreement (except to the extent such representations and warranties relate to an earlier date, in which case such representations and warranties shall be true and correct in all material respects as of such earlier date); provided that such materiality qualifier shall not apply if such

 

7



 

representation or warranty is already subject to a materiality qualifier in the Credit Agreement or such other Loan Document;

 

(b)           (i) the execution, delivery, and performance of this Agreement are within the corporate, limited partnership or limited liability company power, as appropriate, and authority of the Borrower and Guarantors and have been duly authorized by appropriate proceedings and (ii) this Agreement constitutes a legal, valid, and binding obligation of the Borrower and Guarantors, enforceable against the Borrower and Guarantors in accordance with its terms, except as limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, or similar laws affecting the rights of creditors generally and general principles of equity; and

 

(c)           as of the effectiveness of this Agreement and after giving effect thereto, no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing.

 

Section 6.              Effectiveness .  This Agreement shall become effective as of the date hereof upon the occurrence of all of the following:

 

(a)           Documentation . The Administrative Agent shall have received this Agreement, duly and validly executed by the Borrower, the Guarantors, the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Bank and the Majority Lenders, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent and the Majority Lenders.

 

(b)           Representations and Warranties .  The representations and warranties in this Agreement being true and correct in all material respects before and after giving effect to this Agreement (except to the extent such representations and warranties relate to an earlier date, in which case such representations and warranties shall be true and correct in all material respects as of such earlier date); provided that such materiality qualifier shall not apply if such representation or warranty is already subject to a materiality qualifier in the Credit Agreement or such other Loan Document.

 

(c)           No Default or Event of Default . There being no Default or Event of Default which has occurred and is continuing.

 

(d)           Expenses .  The Borrower’s having paid all costs, expenses, and fees which have been invoiced and are payable pursuant to Section 9.1 of the Credit Agreement or any other agreement.

 

Section 7.              Effect on Loan Documents .  Except as amended herein, the Credit Agreement and the Loan Documents remain in full force and effect as originally executed and are hereby ratified and confirmed, and nothing herein shall act as a waiver of any of the Administrative Agent’s or Lenders’ rights under the Loan Documents.  This Agreement is a Loan Document for the purposes of the provisions of the other Loan Documents.  Without limiting the foregoing, any breach of representations, warranties, and covenants under this Agreement is a Default or Event of Default under other Loan Documents.

 

Section 8.              Choice of Law .  This Agreement shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with the laws of the State of New York without regard to conflicts of

 

8



 

laws principles (other than Sections 5-1401 and 5-1402 of the General Obligations Law of the State of New York) .

 

Section 9.              Counterparts .  This Agreement may be signed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be an original.

 

THIS WRITTEN AGREEMENT AND THE LOAN DOCUMENTS, AS DEFINED IN THE CREDIT AGREEMENT, REPRESENT THE FINAL AGREEMENT AMONG THE PARTIES AND MAY NOT BE CONTRADICTED BY EVIDENCE OF PRIOR, CONTEMPORANEOUS, OR SUBSEQUENT ORAL AGREEMENTS OF THE PARTIES.  THERE ARE NO UNWRITTEN ORAL AGREEMENTS BETWEEN THE PARTIES.

 

[ Remainder of page intentionally left blank; Signature pages follow. ]

 

9


 

EXECUTED as of the date first set forth above.

 

 

BORROWER:

 

 

 

 

EXTRACTION OIL & GAS HOLDINGS, LLC

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:  

/s/ Rusty Kelley

 

 

Name:

Rusty Kelley

 

 

Title:

Chief Financial Officer

 

 

 

GUARANTORS:

 

 

 

 

7N, LLC

 

 

8 NORTH, LLC

 

 

ELEVATION MIDSTREAM, LLC

 

 

EXTRACTION FINANCE CORP.

 

 

EXTRACTION OIL & GAS, LLC

 

 

MOUNTAINTOP MINERALS, LLC

 

 

XOG SERVICES, INC.

 

 

XOG SERVICES, LLC

 

 

XTR MIDSTREAM, LLC

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Rusty Kelley

 

 

Name:

Rusty Kelley

 

 

Title:

Chief Financial Officer

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 9 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT/ISSUING
LENDER/LENDER
:

 

 

 

WELLS FARGO BANK, NATIONAL
ASSOCIATION,

 

as Administrative Agent, Issuing Lender, and a
Lender

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Zachary Kramer

 

Name:

Zachary Kramer

 

Title:

Assistant Vice President

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 9 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

LENDERS :

 

 

 

ROYAL BANK OF CANADA,

 

as a Lender

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Kristan Spivey

 

Name:

Kristan Spivey

 

Title:

Authorized Signatory

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 9 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

BOKF, NA dba Bank of Oklahoma,

 

as a Lender

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Benjamin H. Adler

 

Name:

Benjamin H. Adler

 

Title:

Vice President

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 9 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

GOLDMAN SACHS BANK USA,

 

as a Lender

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Christina Boscarino

 

Name:

Christina Boscarino

 

Title:

Authorized Signatory

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 9 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

FIFTH THIRD BANK,

 

as a Lender

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Jonathan H Lee

 

Name:

Jonathan H Lee

 

Title:

Director

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 9 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

SUNTRUST BANK,

 

as a Lender

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Shannon Juhan

 

Name:

Shannon Juhan

 

Title:

Director

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 9 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 


 

 

MUFG UNION BANK, N.A.

 

as a Lender

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Stephen W. Warfel

 

Name:

Stephen W. Warfel

 

Title:

Managing Director

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 9 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

KEYBANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,

 

as a Lender

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ George E. McKean

 

Name:

George E. McKean

 

Title:

Senior Vice President

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 9 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

BARCLAYS BANK PLC,

 

as a Lender

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Evan Moriarty

 

Name:

Evan Moriarty

 

Title:

Assistant Vice President

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 9 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

ABN AMRO CAPITAL USA LLC,

 

as a Lender

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Darrell Holley

 

Name:

Darrell Holley

 

Title:

Managing Director

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ David Montgomery

 

Name:

David Montgomery

 

Title:

Executive Director

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 9 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 



 

 

CREDIT SUISSE AG,

 

CAYMAN ISLANDS BRANCH,

 

as a Lender

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Nupur Kumar

 

Name:

Nupur Kumar

 

Title:

Authorized Signatory

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Lorenz Meier

 

Name:

Lorenz Meier

 

Title:

Authorized Signatory

 

[ SIGNATURE PAGE TO AMENDMENT NO. 9 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT — EXTRACTION ]

 




Exhibit 15.1

 

September 14, 2016

 

Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC
370 17th Street, Suite 5300
Denver, CO 80202

 

Re: Registration Statement Form S-1 filed on September 14, 2016

 

With respect to the subject registration statement, we acknowledge our awareness of the use therein of our report dated August 29, 2016 related to our review of interim financial information.

 

Pursuant to Rule 436 under the Securities Act of 1933 (the Act), such report is not considered part of a registration statement prepared or certified by an independent registered public accounting firm, or a report prepared or certified by an independent registered public accounting firm within the meaning of Sections 7 and 11 of the Act.

 

/s/ KPMG LLP

 




Exhibit 23.1

 

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

 

We hereby consent to the use in this Registration Statement on Form S-1 of Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC of our report dated April 22, 2016, except for the disclosure of basic and diluted earnings per unit within the Consolidated Statement of Operations and related disclosures within Note 11, as to which the date is July 8, 2016 and the presentation of debt issuance costs within the Consolidated Balance s heet and related disclosures within Note 2 and Note 5, as to which the date is September 13, 2016, relating to the Extraction Oil & Gas Holdings, LLC financial statements, which appears in such Registration Statement.  We also consent to the references to us under the heading “Experts” in such Registration Statement.

 

 

/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Denver, Colorado
September 13, 2016

 




Exhibit 23.2

 

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

 

We hereby consent to the use in this Registration Statement on Form S-1 of Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC of our report dated July 13, 2015 relating to the statement of revenue and direct operating expenses of Tekton Windsor, LLC, which appears in such Registration Statement.  We also consent to the references to us under the heading “Experts” in such Registration Statement.

 

 

/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Denver, Colorado
September 13, 2016

 


 



Exhibit 23.3

 

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITOR

 

We consent to the use in this Registration Statement on Form S-1 of Extraction Oil & Gas, Inc. of our report dated June 4, 2015, relating to the statements of revenues and direct operating expenses of properties acquired by Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC from Sundance Energy Inc. for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012.

 

We also consent to the reference to our firm under the heading “Experts” in such Prospectus.

 

/s/ Hein & Associates LLP

 

Denver, Colorado

September 13, 2016

 




Exhibit 23.4

 

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITOR

 

We consent to the use in this Registration Statement on Form S-1 of Extraction Oil & Gas, Inc. of our report dated June 4, 2015, relating to the statements of revenues and direct operating expenses of properties acquired by Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC from Mineral Resources, Inc. for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012.

 

We also consent to the reference to our firm under the heading “Experts” in such Prospectus.

 

/s/ Hein & Associates LLP

 

Denver, Colorado

September 13, 2016

 




Exhibit 23.5

 

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITOR

 

We consent to the use in this Registration Statement on Form S-1 of Extraction Oil & Gas, Inc. of our report dated June 4, 2015, relating to the statements of revenues and direct operating expenses of properties acquired by Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC from Bayswater Exploration & Production, LLC for the nine months ended September 30, 2014 and the year ended December 31, 2013.

 

We also consent to the reference to our firm under the heading “Experts” in such Prospectus.

 

/s/ Hein & Associates LLP

 

Denver, Colorado

September 13, 2016

 




Exhibit 23.6

 

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITOR

 

We consent to the use in this Registration Statement on Form S-1 of Extraction Oil & Gas, Inc. of our report dated August 17, 2015, relating to the statements of revenues and direct operating expenses of properties acquired by Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC from Noble Energy Inc. for the year ended December 31, 2014.

 

We also consent to the reference to our firm under the heading “Experts” in such Prospectus.

 

/s/ Hein & Associates LLP

 

Denver, Colorado

September 13, 2016

 




Exhibit 23.7

 

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 

We consent to the use of our report dated August 29, 2016, with respect to the Statement of Operating Revenues and Direct Operating Expenses of Bayswater Properties Acquired by Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC as of December 31, 2015, included herein and to the reference to our firm under the heading “Experts” in the prospectus.

 

 

/s/ KPMG LLP

 

Denver, Colorado
September 14, 2016

 




Exhibit 23.8

 

621 SEVENTEENTH STREET SUITE 1550

 

DENVER, COLORADO, 80293 TELEPHONE (303)623-9147

 

CONSENT OF RYDER SCOTT COMPANY, L.P.

 

We hereby consent to the references to our firm in this Registration Statement on Form S-1 for Extraction Oil & Gas, Inc., and to the use of information from, and the inclusion of, our reports, dated January 27, 2015, with respect to the estimates of reserves and future net revenues of Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC as of December 31, 2014, dated March 15, 2016, with respect to the estimates of reserves and future net revenues of Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC as of December 31, 2015, dated June 17, 2016, with respect to the estimates of reserves and future net revenues of 8 North, LLC as of December 31, 2015, dated July 5, 2016, with respect to the estimates of reserves and future net revenues of Mountaintop Minerals, LLC as of December 31, 2015, dated July 25, 2016, with respect to the estimates of reserves and future net revenues of Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC as of June 30, 2016, dated August 2, 2016, with respect to the estimates of reserves and future net revenues of 8 North, LLC as of June 30, 2016, dated August 10, 2016, with respect to the estimates of reserves and future net revenues of Mountaintop Minerals, LLC as of June 30, 2016, and dated August 31, 2016, with respect to the estimates of reserves and future net revenues of certain leasehold interests of Bayswater Exploration & Production, LLC as of June 30, 2016, each in this Registration Statement. We further consent to the reference to our firm under the heading “Experts” in this Registration Statement and related prospectus.

 

 

 

\s\ Ryder Scott Company, L.P .

 

 

 

RYDER SCOTT COMPANY, L.P.

 

TBPE Firm Registration No. F-1580

 

Denver, Colorado

September 14, 2016

 




Exhibit 99.1

 

FAX (303) 623-4258

 

 621 SEVENTEENTH STREET SUITE 1550 DENVER, COLORADO 80293 TELEPHONE (303) 623-9147

 

 

January 27, 2015

 

Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC

1888 Sherman Street, Suite 200

Denver, Colorado 80203

 

Gentlemen:

 

At your request, Ryder Scott Company, L.P. (Ryder Scott) has prepared an estimate of the proved reserves, future production, and income attributable to certain leasehold interests of Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC (Extraction) as of December 31, 2014.  The subject properties are located in the state of Colorado.  The reserves and income data were estimated based on the definitions and disclosure guidelines of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) contained in Title 17, Code of Federal Regulations, Modernization of Oil and Gas Reporting, Final Rule released January 14, 2009 in the Federal Register (SEC regulations).  Our third party study, completed on January 27, 2015 and presented herein, was prepared for public disclosure by Extraction in filings made with the SEC in accordance with the disclosure requirements set forth in the SEC regulations.

 

The properties evaluated by Ryder Scott represent 100 percent of the total net proved liquid hydrocarbon reserves and 100 percent of the total net proved gas reserves of Extraction as of December 31, 2014.

 

The estimated reserves and future net income amounts presented in this report, as of December 31, 2014 are related to hydrocarbon prices.  The hydrocarbon prices used in the preparation of this report are based on the average prices during the 12-month period prior to the “as of date” of this report, determined as the unweighted arithmetic averages of the prices in effect on the first-day-of-the-month for each month within such period, unless prices were defined by contractual arrangements, as required by the SEC regulations.  Actual future prices may vary significantly from the prices required by SEC regulations; therefore, volumes of reserves actually recovered and the amounts of income actually received may differ significantly from the estimated quantities presented in this report.  The results of this study are summarized below.

 



 

SEC PARAMETERS

Estimated Net Reserves and Income Data

Certain Leasehold Interests of

Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC

 

As of December 31, 2014

 

 

 

Proved

 

 

 

Developed

 

 

 

Total

 

 

 

Producing

 

Non-Producing

 

Undeveloped

 

Proved

 

Net Remaining Reserves

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oil/Condensate – MBarrels

 

6,224

 

3,611

 

35,410

 

45,245

 

Plant Products – MBarrels

 

3,090

 

1,126

 

15,292

 

19,508

 

Gas – MMCF

 

26,436

 

9,632

 

130,836

 

166,904

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income Data ($M)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Future Gross Revenue

 

$

714,633

 

$

373,351

 

$

3,923,527

 

$

5,011,511

 

Deductions

 

182,844

 

90,171

 

1,870,215

 

2,143,230

 

Future Net Income (FNI)

 

$

531,789

 

$

283,180

 

$

2,053,312

 

$

2,868,281

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Discounted FNI @ 10%

 

$

360,000

 

$

198,588

 

$

833,843

 

$

1,392,431

 

 

Liquid hydrocarbons are expressed in thousands of standard 42 gallon barrels (MBarrels).  All gas volumes are reported on an “as sold basis” expressed in millions of cubic feet (MMCF) at the official temperature and pressure bases of the areas in which the gas reserves are located.  In this report, the revenues, deductions, and income data are expressed as thousands of U.S. dollars ($M).

 

The estimates of the reserves, future production, and income attributable to properties in this report were prepared using the economic software package PHDWin Petroleum Economic Evaluation Software, a copyrighted program of TRC Consultants L.C.  The program was used at the request of Extraction.  Ryder Scott has found this program to be generally acceptable, but notes that certain summaries and calculations may vary due to rounding and may not exactly match the sum of the properties being summarized.  Furthermore, one line economic summaries may vary slightly from the more detailed cash flow projections of the same properties, also due to rounding.  The rounding differences are not material.

 

The future gross revenue is after the deduction of production taxes.  The deductions incorporate the normal direct costs of operating the wells, ad valorem taxes, and development costs.  The future net income is before the deduction state and federal income taxes and general administrative overhead, and has not been adjusted for outstanding loans that may exist nor does it include any adjustment for cash on hand or undistributed income.

 

Liquid hydrocarbon reserves account for approximately 87 percent and gas reserves account for the remaining 13 percent of total future gross revenue from proved reserves.

 

The discounted future net income shown above was calculated using a discount rate of 10 percent per annum compounded monthly.  Future net income was discounted at four other discount rates which were also compounded monthly.  These results are shown in summary form as follows.

 

2



 

 

 

Discounted Future Net Income ($M)

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2014

 

Discount Rate

 

Total

 

Percent

 

Proved

 

 

 

 

 

5

 

$

1,929,757

 

12

 

$

1,240,308

 

15

 

$

1,056,261

 

20

 

$

831,777

 

 

The results shown above are presented for your information and should not be construed as our estimate of fair market value.

 

Reserves Included in This Report

 

The proved reserves included herein conform to the definitions as set forth in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Regulations Part 210.4-10(a).  An abridged version of the SEC reserves definitions from 210.4-10(a) entitled “Petroleum Reserves Definitions” is included as an attachment to this report.

 

The various reserve status categories are defined under the attachment entitled “Petroleum Reserves Status Definitions and Guidelines” in this report.  The proved developed non-producing reserves included herein consist of the shut-in category.

 

No attempt was made to quantify or otherwise account for any accumulated gas production imbalances that may exist.  The proved gas volumes presented herein do not include volumes of gas consumed in operations as reserves.

 

Reserves are “estimated remaining quantities of oil and gas and related substances anticipated to be economically producible, as of a given date, by application of development projects to known accumulations.”  All reserve estimates involve an assessment of the uncertainty relating the likelihood that the actual remaining quantities recovered will be greater or less than the estimated quantities determined as of the date the estimate is made.  The uncertainty depends chiefly on the amount of reliable geologic and engineering data available at the time of the estimate and the interpretation of these data.  The relative degree of uncertainty may be conveyed by placing reserves into one of two principal classifications, either proved or unproved.  Unproved reserves are less certain to be recovered than proved reserves and may be further sub-classified as probable and possible reserves to denote progressively increasing uncertainty in their recoverability.  At Extraction’s request, this report addresses only the proved reserves attributable to the properties evaluated herein.

 

Proved oil and gas reserves are “those quantities of oil and gas which, by analysis of geoscience and engineering data, can be estimated with reasonable certainty to be economically producible from a given date forward.”  The SEC has defined reasonable certainty for proved reserves, when based on deterministic methods, as a “high degree of confidence that the quantities will be recovered.”

 

Proved reserve estimates will generally be revised only as additional geologic or engineering data become available or as economic conditions change.  For proved reserves, the SEC states that “as changes due to increased availability of geoscience (geological, geophysical, and geochemical), engineering, and economic data are made to the estimated ultimate recovery (EUR) with time, reasonably certain EUR is much more likely to increase or remain constant than to decrease.”

 

3



 

Moreover, estimates of proved reserves may be revised as a result of future operations, effects of regulation by governmental agencies or geopolitical or economic risks.  Therefore, the proved reserves included in this report are estimates only and should not be construed as being exact quantities, and if recovered, the revenues therefrom, and the actual costs related thereto, could be more or less than the estimated amounts.

 

Extraction’s operations may be subject to various levels of governmental controls and regulations.  These controls and regulations may include, but may not be limited to, matters relating to land tenure and leasing, the legal rights to produce hydrocarbons, drilling and production practices, environmental protection, marketing and pricing policies, royalties, various taxes and levies including income tax and are subject to change from time to time.  Such changes in governmental regulations and policies may cause volumes of proved reserves actually recovered and amounts of proved income actually received to differ significantly from the estimated quantities.

 

The estimates of reserves presented herein were based upon a detailed study of the properties in which Extraction owns an interest; however, we have not made any field examination of the properties.  No consideration was given in this report to potential environmental liabilities that may exist nor were any costs included for potential liabilities to restore and clean up damages, if any, caused by past operating practices.

 

Estimates of Reserves

 

The estimation of reserves involves two distinct determinations.  The first determination results in the estimation of the quantities of recoverable oil and gas and the second determination results in the estimation of the uncertainty associated with those estimated quantities in accordance with the definitions set forth by the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Regulations Part 210.4-10(a).  The process of estimating the quantities of recoverable oil and gas reserves relies on the use of certain generally accepted analytical procedures.  These analytical procedures fall into three broad categories or methods: (1) performance-based methods, (2) volumetric-based methods and (3) analogy.  These methods may be used singularly or in combination by the reserve evaluator in the process of estimating the quantities of reserves.  Reserve evaluators must select the method or combination of methods which in their professional judgment is most appropriate given the nature and amount of reliable geoscience and engineering data available at the time of the estimate, the established or anticipated performance characteristics of the reservoir being evaluated, and the stage of development or producing maturity of the property.

 

In many cases, the analysis of the available geoscience and engineering data and the subsequent interpretation of this data may indicate a range of possible outcomes in an estimate, irrespective of the method selected by the evaluator.  When a range in the quantity of reserves is identified, the evaluator must determine the uncertainty associated with the incremental quantities of the reserves.  If the reserve quantities are estimated using the deterministic incremental approach, the uncertainty for each discrete incremental quantity of the reserves is addressed by the reserve category assigned by the evaluator.  Therefore, it is the categorization of reserve quantities as proved, probable and/or possible that addresses the inherent uncertainty in the estimated quantities reported.  For proved reserves, uncertainty is defined by the SEC as reasonable certainty wherein the “quantities actually recovered are much more likely than not to be achieved.”  The SEC states that “probable reserves are those additional reserves that are less certain to be recovered than proved reserves but which, together with proved reserves, are as likely as not to be recovered.”  The SEC states that “possible reserves are those additional reserves that are less certain to be recovered than probable reserves and the total quantities ultimately recovered from a project have a low probability of exceeding

 

4



 

proved plus probable plus possible reserves.”  All quantities of reserves within the same reserve category must meet the SEC definitions as noted above.

 

Estimates of reserves quantities and their associated reserve categories may be revised in the future as additional geoscience or engineering data become available.  Furthermore, estimates of reserves quantities and their associated reserve categories may also be revised due to other factors such as changes in economic conditions, results of future operations, effects of regulation by governmental agencies or geopolitical or economic risks as previously noted herein.

 

The proved reserves for the properties included herein were estimated by performance methods or analogy.  One hundred percent of the proved producing reserves attributable to producing wells and/or reservoirs were estimated by performance methods.  These performance methods include decline curve analysis, which utilized extrapolations of historical production data available through December 2014 in those cases where such data were considered to be definitive.  The data utilized in this analysis were furnished to Ryder Scott by Extraction and were considered sufficient for the purpose thereof.

 

One hundred percent of the proved developed non-producing and proved undeveloped reserves included herein were estimated by analogy. The data utilized from the analogues were considered sufficient for the purpose thereof.

 

To estimate economically recoverable proved oil and gas reserves and related future net cash flows, we consider many factors and assumptions including, but not limited to, the use of reservoir parameters derived from geological, geophysical and engineering data which cannot be measured directly, economic criteria based on current costs and SEC pricing requirements, and forecasts of future production rates.  Under the SEC regulations 210.4-10(a)(22)(v) and (26), proved reserves must be anticipated to be economically producible from a given date forward based on existing economic conditions including the prices and costs at which economic producibility from a reservoir is to be determined.  While it may reasonably be anticipated that the future prices received for the sale of production and the operating costs and other costs relating to such production may increase or decrease from those under existing economic conditions, such changes were, in accordance with rules adopted by the SEC, omitted from consideration in making this evaluation.

 

Extraction has informed us that they have furnished us all of the material accounts, records, geological and engineering data, and reports and other data required for this investigation.  In preparing our forecast of future proved production and income, we have relied upon data furnished by Extraction with respect to property interests owned, production and well tests from examined wells, normal direct costs of operating the wells or leases, ad valorem and production taxes, development costs, development plans, product prices based on the SEC regulations, adjustments or differentials to product prices, geological structural and isochore maps, well logs, core analyses, and pressure measurements.  Ryder Scott reviewed such factual data for its reasonableness; however, we have not conducted an independent verification of the data furnished by Extraction.  We consider the factual data used in this report appropriate and sufficient for the purpose of preparing the estimates of reserves and future net revenues herein.

 

In summary, we consider the assumptions, data, methods and analytical procedures used in this report appropriate for the purpose hereof, and we have used all such methods and procedures that we consider necessary and appropriate to prepare the estimates of reserves herein.  The proved reserves included herein were determined in conformance with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Modernization of Oil and Gas Reporting; Final Rule, including all references to Regulation S-X and Regulation S-K, referred to herein collectively as the “SEC

 

5


 

Regulations.”  In our opinion, the proved reserves presented in this report comply with the definitions, guidelines and disclosure requirements as required by the SEC regulations.

 

Future Production Rates

 

For wells currently on production, our forecasts of future production rates are based on historical performance data.  If no production decline trend has been established, future production rates were held constant, or adjusted for the effects of curtailment where appropriate, until a decline in ability to produce was anticipated.  An estimated rate of decline was then applied to depletion of the reserves.  If a decline trend has been established, this trend was used as the basis for estimating future production rates.

 

Test data and other related information were used to estimate the anticipated initial production rates for those wells or locations that are not currently producing.  For reserves not yet on production, sales were estimated to commence at an anticipated date furnished by Extraction.  Wells or locations that are not currently producing may start producing earlier or later than anticipated in our estimates due to unforeseen factors causing a change in the timing to initiate production.  Such factors may include delays due to weather, the availability of rigs, the sequence of drilling, completing and/or recompleting wells and/or constraints set by regulatory bodies.

 

The future production rates from wells currently on production or wells or locations that are not currently producing may be more or less than estimated because of changes including, but not limited to, reservoir performance, operating conditions related to surface facilities, compression and artificial lift, pipeline capacity and/or operating conditions, producing market demand and/or allowables or other constraints set by regulatory bodies.

 

Hydrocarbon Prices

 

The hydrocarbon prices used herein are based on SEC price parameters using the average prices during the 12-month period prior to the “as of date” of this report, determined as the unweighted arithmetic averages of the prices in effect on the first-day-of-the-month for each month within such period, unless prices were defined by contractual arrangements.  For hydrocarbon products sold under contract, the contract prices, including fixed and determinable escalations, exclusive of inflation adjustments, were used until expiration of the contract.  Upon contract expiration, the prices were adjusted to the 12-month unweighted arithmetic average as previously described.

 

Extraction furnished us with the above mentioned average prices in effect on December 31, 2014.  These initial SEC hydrocarbon prices were determined using the 12-month average first-day-of-the-month benchmark prices appropriate to the geographic area where the hydrocarbons are sold.  These benchmark prices are prior to the adjustments for differentials as described herein.  The table below summarizes the “benchmark prices” and “price reference” used for the geographic area included in the report.

 

The product prices which were actually used to determine the future gross revenue for each property reflect adjustments to the benchmark prices for gravity, quality, local conditions, gathering and transportation and/or distance from market, referred to herein as “differentials.”  The differentials used in the preparation of this report were furnished to us by Extraction.  The differentials furnished to us were accepted as factual data and reviewed by us for their reasonableness; however, we have not conducted an independent verification of the data used by Extraction to determine these differentials.

 

6



 

In addition, the table below summarizes the net volume weighted benchmark prices adjusted for differentials and referred to herein as the “average realized prices.” The average realized prices shown in the table below were determined from the total future gross revenue before production taxes and the total net reserves for the geographic area and presented in accordance with SEC disclosure requirements for each of the geographic areas included in the report.

 

Geographic Area

 

Product

 

Price
Reference

 

Average
Benchmark
Prices

 

Average
Proved
Realized
Prices

 

North America

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oil/Condensate

 

WTI Cushing

 

$94.99/Bbl

 

$84.99/Bbl

 

United States

 

NGLs

 

WTI Cushing

 

$94.99/Bbl

 

$28.39/Bbl

 

 

 

Gas

 

Henry Hub

 

$4.35/MMBTU

 

$3.97/MCF

 

 

The effects of derivative instruments designated as price hedges of oil and gas quantities are not reflected in our individual property evaluations.

 

Costs

 

Operating costs for the leases and wells in this report were furnished by Extraction and are based on the operating expense reports of Extraction and include only those costs directly applicable to the leases or wells.  The operating costs include a portion of general and administrative costs allocated directly to the leases and wells.  The operating costs furnished to us were accepted as factual data and reviewed by us for their reasonableness; however, we have not conducted an independent verification of the operating cost data used by Extraction.  No deduction was made for loan repayments, interest expenses, or exploration and development prepayments that were not charged directly to the leases or wells.

 

Development costs were furnished to us by Extraction and are based on authorizations for expenditure for the proposed work or actual costs for similar projects.  The development costs furnished to us were accepted as factual data and reviewed by us for their reasonableness; however, we have not conducted an independent verification of these costs.  Extraction’s estimates of zero abandonment costs after salvage value for onshore properties were used in this report.  Ryder Scott has not performed a detailed study of the abandonment costs or the salvage value and makes no warranty for Extraction’s estimate.

 

The proved developed non-producing, and proved undeveloped reserves in this report have been incorporated herein in accordance with Extraction’s plans to develop these reserves as of December 31, 2014.  The implementation of Extraction’s development plans as presented to us and incorporated herein is subject to the approval process adopted by Extraction’s management.  As the result of our inquiries during the course of preparing this report, Extraction has informed us that the development activities included herein have been subjected to and received the internal approvals required by Extraction’s management at the appropriate local, regional and/or corporate level.  In addition to the internal approvals as noted, certain development activities may still be subject to specific partner AFE processes, Joint Operating Agreement (JOA) requirements or other administrative approvals external to Extraction.  Additionally, Extraction has informed us that they are not aware of any legal, regulatory or political obstacles that would significantly alter their plans.  While these plans could change from those under existing economic conditions as of December 31, 2014, such changes

 

7



 

were, in accordance with rules adopted by the SEC, omitted from consideration in making this evaluation.

 

Current costs used by Extraction were held constant throughout the life of the properties.

 

Standards of Independence and Professional Qualification

 

Ryder Scott is an independent petroleum engineering consulting firm that has been providing petroleum consulting services throughout the world since 1937.  Ryder Scott is employee-owned and maintains offices in Houston, Texas; Denver, Colorado; and Calgary, Alberta, Canada.  We have over eighty engineers and geoscientists on our permanent staff.  By virtue of the size of our firm and the large number of clients for which we provide services, no single client or job represents a material portion of our annual revenue.  We do not serve as officers or directors of any privately-owned or publicly-traded oil and gas company and are separate and independent from the operating and investment decision-making process of our clients.  This allows us to bring the highest level of independence and objectivity to each engagement for our services.

 

Ryder Scott actively participates in industry-related professional societies and organizes an annual public forum focused on the subject of reserves evaluations and SEC regulations.  Many of our staff have authored or co-authored technical papers on the subject of reserves related topics.  We encourage our staff to maintain and enhance their professional skills by actively participating in ongoing continuing education.

 

Prior to becoming an officer of the Company, Ryder Scott requires that staff engineers and geoscientists have received professional accreditation in the form of a registered or certified professional engineer’s license or a registered or certified professional geoscientist’s license, or the equivalent thereof, from an appropriate governmental authority or a recognized self-regulating professional organization.

 

We are independent petroleum engineers with respect to Extraction.  Neither we nor any of our employees have any financial interest in the subject properties and neither the employment to do this work nor the compensation is contingent on our estimates of reserves for the properties which were reviewed.

 

The results of this study, presented herein, are based on technical analysis conducted by teams of geoscientists and engineers from Ryder Scott.  The professional qualifications of the undersigned, the technical person primarily responsible for overseeing the evaluation of the reserves information discussed in this report, are included as an attachment to this letter.

 

Terms of Usage

 

The results of our third party study, presented in report form herein, were prepared in accordance with the disclosure requirements set forth in the SEC regulations and intended for public disclosure as an exhibit in filings made with the SEC by Extraction.

 

We have provided Extraction with a digital version of the original signed copy of this report letter.  In the event there are any differences between the digital version and the original signed report letter, the original signed report letter shall control and supersede the digital version.

 

8



 

The data and work papers used in the preparation of this report are available for examination by authorized parties in our offices.  Please contact us if we can be of further service.

 

 

Very truly yours,

 

 

 

RYDER SCOTT COMPANY, L.P.

 

TBPE Firm Registration No. F-1580

 

 

 

 

 

\s\ James L. Baird

 

James L. Baird, P.E.

 

[Seal]

Colorado License No. 41521

 

Managing Senior Vice President

 

 

 

 

 

\s\ Richard J. Marshall

 

Richard J. Marshall, P.E.

[Seal]

 

Colorado License No. 23260

 

Vice President

 

JLB-RJM (DPR)/pl

 

9



 

Professional Qualifications of Primary Technical Person

 

The conclusions presented in this report are the result of technical analysis conducted by teams of geoscientists and engineers from Ryder Scott Company, L.P.  Richard J. Marshall was the primary technical person responsible for overseeing the estimate of the future net reserves and income.

 

Marshall, an employee of Ryder Scott Company L.P. (Ryder Scott) beginning in 1981, is a Vice President responsible for coordinating and supervising staff and consulting engineers of the company in ongoing reservoir evaluation studies. Before joining Ryder Scott, Marshall served in a number of engineering positions with Texaco, Phillips Petroleum, and others.  For more information regarding Mr. Marshall’s geographic and job specific experience, please refer to the Ryder Scott Company website at www.ryderscott.com/Experience/Employees.

 

Marshall earned a B.S. in Geology from the University of Missouri in 1974 and a M.S. in Geological Engineering from the University of Missouri at Rolla in 1976. Marshall is a registered Professional Engineer in the State of Colorado.  He is a member of the Society of Petroleum Engineers, Wyoming Geological Association, Rocky Mountain Association of Geologists and the Society of Petroleum Evaluation Engineers.

 

Based on Marshall’s educational background, professional training and more than 30 years of practical experience in the estimation and evaluation of petroleum reserves, Marshall has attained the professional qualifications as a Reserves Estimator and Reserves Auditor as set forth in Article III of the “Standards Pertaining to the Estimating and Auditing of Oil and Gas Reserves Information” promulgated by the Society of Petroleum Engineers as of February 19, 2007.

 

RYDER SCOTT COMPANY   PETROLEUM CONSULTANTS

 




Exhibit 99.2

 

EXTRACTION OIL & GAS, LLC

 

Estimated

 

Future Reserves and Income

 

Attributable to Certain

 

Leasehold Interests

 

SEC Parameters

 

As of

 

December 31, 2015

 

/s/ James L. Baird

 

/s/ Richard J. Marshall

James L. Baird, P.E.

 

Richard J. Marshall, P.E.

Colorado License No. 41521

 

Colorado License No. 23260

Managing Senior Vice President

 

Vice President

 

RYDER SCOTT COMPANY, L.P.

TBPE Firm Registration No. F-1580

 

 

RYDER SCOTT COMPANY PETROLEUM CONSULTANTS

 



 

 

FAX (303) 623-4258

 

 

TBPE REGISTERED ENGINEERING FIRM F-1580

 

 

621 SEVENTEENTH STREET

SUITE 1550

DENVER, COLORADO 80293

TELEPHONE (303) 623-9147

 

March 15, 2016

 

Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC

370 17 th  Street, Suite 5300

Denver, Colorado 80202

 

Gentlemen:

 

At your request, Ryder Scott Company, L.P. (Ryder Scott) has prepared an estimate of the proved reserves, future production, and income attributable to certain leasehold interests of Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC (Extraction) as of December 31, 2015. The subject properties are located in the state of Colorado. The reserves and income data were estimated based on the definitions and disclosure guidelines of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) contained in Title 17, Code of Federal Regulations, Modernization of Oil and Gas Reporting, Final Rule released January 14, 2009 in the Federal Register (SEC regulations). Our third party study, completed on March 15, 2016 and presented herein, was prepared for public disclosure by Extraction in filings made with the SEC in accordance with the disclosure requirements set forth in the SEC regulations.

 

The properties evaluated by Ryder Scott account for a portion of Extraction’s total net proved reserves as of December 31, 2015. Based on information provided by Extraction, the third party estimate conducted by Ryder Scott addresses approximately 99 percent of the total proved net liquid hydrocarbon reserves and approximately 99 percent of the total proved net gas reserves.

 

The estimated reserves and future net income amounts presented in this report, as of December 31, 2015 are related to hydrocarbon prices. The hydrocarbon prices used in the preparation of this report are based on the average prices during the 12-month period prior to the “as of date” of this report, determined as the unweighted arithmetic averages of the prices in effect on the first-day-of-the-month for each month within such period, unless prices were defined by contractual arrangements, as required by the SEC regulations. Actual future prices may vary significantly from the prices required by SEC regulations; therefore, volumes of reserves actually recovered and the amounts of income actually received may differ significantly from the estimated quantities presented in this report. The results of this study are summarized below.

 

1100 LOUISIANA, SUITE 4600

HOUSTON, TEXAS 77002-5218

TEL (713) 651-9191

FAX (713) 651-0849

1015 4TH STREET S.W., SUIT 600

CALGARY, ALBERTA T2R 1J4

TEL (403) 262-2799

FAX (403) 262-2790

 



 

SEC PARAMETERS

Estimated Net Reserves and Income Data

Certain Leasehold Interests of

Extraction Oil  & Gas, LLC

As of December 31, 2015

 

 

 

Proved

 

 

 

Developed

 

 

 

Total

 

 

 

Producing

 

Non-Producing

 

Undeveloped

 

Proved

 

Net Remaining Reserves

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oil/Condensate — MBarrels

 

10,503

 

3,479

 

57,084

 

71,066

 

Plant Products — MBarrels

 

5,191

 

1,656

 

31,228

 

38,075

 

Gas — MMCF

 

40,116

 

11,236

 

238,817

 

290,169

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income Data ($M)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Future Gross Revenue

 

$

589,926

 

$

186,510

 

$

3,275,026

 

$

4,051,462

 

Deductions

 

213,609

 

65,972

 

2,001,442

 

2,281,023

 

Future Net Income (FNI)

 

$

376,317

 

$

120,538

 

$

1,273,584

 

$

1,770,439

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Discounted FNI @ 10%

 

$

272,392

 

$

91,556

 

$

463,483

 

$

827,431

 

 

Liquid hydrocarbons are expressed in thousands of standard 42 gallon barrels (MBarrels). All gas volumes are reported on an “as sold basis” expressed in millions of cubic feet (MMCF) at the official temperature and pressure bases of the areas in which the gas reserves are located. In this report, the revenues, deductions, and income data are expressed as thousands of U.S. dollars ($M).

 

The estimates of the reserves, future production, and income attributable to properties in this report were prepared using the economic software package PHDWin Petroleum Economic Evaluation Software, a copyrighted program of TRC Consultants L.C. The program was used at the request of Extraction. Ryder Scott has found this program to be generally acceptable, but notes that certain summaries and calculations may vary due to rounding and may not exactly match the sum of the properties being summarized. Furthermore, one line economic summaries may vary slightly from the more detailed cash flow projections of the same properties, also due to rounding. The rounding differences are not material.

 

The future gross revenue is after the deduction of production taxes. The deductions incorporate the normal direct costs of operating the wells, ad valorem taxes, development costs and certain abandonment costs net of salvage. The future net income is before the deduction state and federal income taxes and general administrative overhead, and has not been adjusted for outstanding loans that may exist nor does it include any adjustment for cash on hand or undistributed income.

 

Liquid hydrocarbon reserves account for approximately 85 percent and gas reserves account for the remaining 15 percent of total future gross revenue from proved reserves.

 

The discounted future net income shown above was calculated using a discount rate of 10 percent per annum compounded monthly. Future net income was discounted at four other discount rates which were also compounded monthly. These results are shown in summary form as follows.

 

RYDER SCOTT COMPANY PETROLEUM CONSULTANTS

 

2



 

 

 

Discounted Future Net Income ($M)

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2015

 

Discount Rate

 

Total

 

Percent

 

Proved

 

 

 

 

 

5

 

 

$

1,178,516

 

12

 

 

$

726,926

 

15

 

 

$

605,186

 

20

 

 

$

457,499

 

 

The results shown above are presented for your information and should not be construed as our estimate of fair market value.

 

Reserves Included in This Report

 

The proved reserves included herein conform to the definitions as set forth in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Regulations Part 210.4-10(a). An abridged version of the SEC reserves definitions from 210.4-10(a) entitled “Petroleum Reserves Definitions” is included as an attachment to this report.

 

The various reserve status categories are defined under the attachment entitled “Petroleum Reserves Status Definitions and Guidelines” in this report. The proved developed non-producing reserves included herein consist of the shut-in category.

 

No attempt was made to quantify or otherwise account for any accumulated gas production imbalances that may exist. The proved gas volumes presented herein do not include volumes of gas consumed in operations as reserves.

 

Reserves are “estimated remaining quantities of oil and gas and related substances anticipated to be economically producible, as of a given date, by application of development projects to known accumulations.” All reserve estimates involve an assessment of the uncertainty relating the likelihood that the actual remaining quantities recovered will be greater or less than the estimated quantities determined as of the date the estimate is made. The uncertainty depends chiefly on the amount of reliable geologic and engineering data available at the time of the estimate and the interpretation of these data. The relative degree of uncertainty may be conveyed by placing reserves into one of two principal classifications, either proved or unproved. Unproved reserves are less certain to be recovered than proved reserves and may be further sub-classified as probable and possible reserves to denote progressively increasing uncertainty in their recoverability. At Extraction’s request, this report addresses only the proved reserves attributable to the properties evaluated herein.

 

Proved oil and gas reserves are “those quantities of oil and gas which, by analysis of geoscience and engineering data, can be estimated with reasonable certainty to be economically producible from a given date forward.” The SEC has defined reasonable certainty for proved reserves, when based on deterministic methods, as a “high degree of confidence that the quantities will be recovered.”

 

Proved reserve estimates will generally be revised only as additional geologic or engineering data become available or as economic conditions change. For proved reserves, the SEC states that “as changes due to increased availability of geoscience (geological, geophysical, and geochemical), engineering, and economic data are made to the estimated ultimate recovery (EUR) with time,

 

3



 

reasonably certain EUR is much more likely to increase or remain constant than to decrease.” Moreover, estimates of proved reserves may be revised as a result of future operations, effects of regulation by governmental agencies or geopolitical or economic risks. Therefore, the proved reserves included in this report are estimates only and should not be construed as being exact quantities, and if recovered, the revenues therefrom, and the actual costs related thereto, could be more or less than the estimated amounts.

 

Extraction’s operations may be subject to various levels of governmental controls and regulations. These controls and regulations may include, but may not be limited to, matters relating to land tenure and leasing, the legal rights to produce hydrocarbons, drilling and production practices, environmental protection, marketing and pricing policies, royalties, various taxes and levies including income tax and are subject to change from time to time. Such changes in governmental regulations and policies may cause volumes of proved reserves actually recovered and amounts of proved income actually received to differ significantly from the estimated quantities.

 

The estimates of reserves presented herein were based upon a detailed study of the properties in which Extraction owns an interest; however, we have not made any field examination of the properties. No consideration was given in this report to potential environmental liabilities that may exist nor were any costs included for potential liabilities to restore and clean up damages, if any, caused by past operating practices.

 

Estimates of Reserves

 

The estimation of reserves involves two distinct determinations. The first determination results in the estimation of the quantities of recoverable oil and gas and the second determination results in the estimation of the uncertainty associated with those estimated quantities in accordance with the definitions set forth by the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Regulations Part 210.4-10(a). The process of estimating the quantities of recoverable oil and gas reserves relies on the use of certain generally accepted analytical procedures. These analytical procedures fall into three broad categories or methods: (1) performance-based methods, (2) volumetric-based methods and (3) analogy. These methods may be used singularly or in combination by the reserve evaluator in the process of estimating the quantities of reserves. Reserve evaluators must select the method or combination of methods which in their professional judgment is most appropriate given the nature and amount of reliable geoscience and engineering data available at the time of the estimate, the established or anticipated performance characteristics of the reservoir being evaluated, and the stage of development or producing maturity of the property.

 

In many cases, the analysis of the available geoscience and engineering data and the subsequent interpretation of this data may indicate a range of possible outcomes in an estimate, irrespective of the method selected by the evaluator. When a range in the quantity of reserves is identified, the evaluator must determine the uncertainty associated with the incremental quantities of the reserves. If the reserve quantities are estimated using the deterministic incremental approach, the uncertainty for each discrete incremental quantity of the reserves is addressed by the reserve category assigned by the evaluator. Therefore, it is the categorization of reserve quantities as proved, probable and/or possible that addresses the inherent uncertainty in the estimated quantities reported. For proved reserves, uncertainty is defined by the SEC as reasonable certainty wherein the “quantities actually recovered are much more likely than not to be achieved.” The SEC states that “probable reserves are those additional reserves that are less certain to be recovered than proved reserves but which, together with proved reserves, are as likely as not to be recovered.” The SEC states that “possible reserves are those additional reserves that are less certain to be recovered than probable

 

4



 

reserves and the total quantities ultimately recovered from a project have a low probability of exceeding proved plus probable plus possible reserves.” All quantities of reserves within the same reserve category must meet the SEC definitions as noted above.

 

Estimates of reserves quantities and their associated reserve categories may be revised in the future as additional geoscience or engineering data become available. Furthermore, estimates of reserves quantities and their associated reserve categories may also be revised due to other factors such as changes in economic conditions, results of future operations, effects of regulation by governmental agencies or geopolitical or economic risks as previously noted herein.

 

The proved reserves for the properties included herein were estimated by performance methods or analogy. One hundred percent of the proved producing reserves attributable to producing wells and/or reservoirs were estimated by performance methods. These performance methods include decline curve analysis, which utilized extrapolations of historical production data available through December 2015 in those cases where such data were considered to be definitive. The data utilized in this analysis were furnished to Ryder Scott by Extraction and were considered sufficient for the purpose thereof.

 

One hundred percent of the proved developed non-producing and proved undeveloped reserves included herein were estimated by analogy. The data utilized from the analogues were considered sufficient for the purpose thereof.

 

To estimate economically recoverable proved oil and gas reserves and related future net cash flows, we consider many factors and assumptions including, but not limited to, the use of reservoir parameters derived from geological, geophysical and engineering data which cannot be measured directly, economic criteria based on current costs and SEC pricing requirements, and forecasts of future production rates. Under the SEC regulations 210.4-10(a)(22)(v) and (26), proved reserves must be anticipated to be economically producible from a given date forward based on existing economic conditions including the prices and costs at which economic producibility from a reservoir is to be determined. While it may reasonably be anticipated that the future prices received for the sale of production and the operating costs and other costs relating to such production may increase or decrease from those under existing economic conditions, such changes were, in accordance with rules adopted by the SEC, omitted from consideration in making this evaluation.

 

Extraction has informed us that they have furnished us all of the material accounts, records, geological and engineering data, and reports and other data required for this investigation. In preparing our forecast of future proved production and income, we have relied upon data furnished by Extraction with respect to property interests owned, production and well tests from examined wells, normal direct costs of operating the wells or leases, ad valorem and production taxes, development costs, development plans, abandonment costs after salvage, product prices based on the SEC regulations, adjustments or differentials to product prices, geological structural and isochore maps, well logs, core analyses, and pressure measurements. Ryder Scott reviewed such factual data for its reasonableness; however, we have not conducted an independent verification of the data furnished by Extraction. We consider the factual data used in this report appropriate and sufficient for the purpose of preparing the estimates of reserves and future net revenues herein.

 

In summary, we consider the assumptions, data, methods and analytical procedures used in this report appropriate for the purpose hereof, and we have used all such methods and procedures that we consider necessary and appropriate to prepare the estimates of reserves herein. The proved reserves included herein were determined in conformance with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Modernization of Oil and Gas Reporting; Final Rule, including all

 

5



 

references to Regulation S-X and Regulation S-K, referred to herein collectively as the “SEC Regulations.” In our opinion, the proved reserves presented in this report comply with the definitions, guidelines and disclosure requirements as required by the SEC regulations.

 

Future Production Rates

 

For wells currently on production, our forecasts of future production rates are based on historical performance data. If no production decline trend has been established, future production rates were held constant, or adjusted for the effects of curtailment where appropriate, until a decline in ability to produce was anticipated. An estimated rate of decline was then applied to depletion of the reserves. If a decline trend has been established, this trend was used as the basis for estimating future production rates.

 

Test data and other related information were used to estimate the anticipated initial production rates for those wells or locations that are not currently producing. For reserves not yet on production, sales were estimated to commence at an anticipated date furnished by Extraction. Wells or locations that are not currently producing may start producing earlier or later than anticipated in our estimates due to unforeseen factors causing a change in the timing to initiate production. Such factors may include delays due to weather, the availability of rigs, the sequence of drilling, completing and/or recompleting wells and/or constraints set by regulatory bodies.

 

The future production rates from wells currently on production or wells or locations that are not currently producing may be more or less than estimated because of changes including, but not limited to, reservoir performance, operating conditions related to surface facilities, compression and artificial lift, pipeline capacity and/or operating conditions, producing market demand and/or allowables or other constraints set by regulatory bodies.

 

Hydrocarbon Prices

 

The hydrocarbon prices used herein are based on SEC price parameters using the average prices during the 12-month period prior to the “as of date” of this report, determined as the unweighted arithmetic averages of the prices in effect on the first-day-of-the-month for each month within such period, unless prices were defined by contractual arrangements. For hydrocarbon products sold under contract, the contract prices, including fixed and determinable escalations, exclusive of inflation adjustments, were used until expiration of the contract. Upon contract expiration, the prices were adjusted to the 12-month unweighted arithmetic average as previously described.

 

Extraction furnished us with the above mentioned average prices in effect on December 31, 2015. These initial SEC hydrocarbon prices were determined using the 12-month average first-day-of-the-month benchmark prices appropriate to the geographic area where the hydrocarbons are sold. These benchmark prices are prior to the adjustments for differentials as described herein. The table below summarizes the “benchmark prices” and “price reference” used for the geographic area included in the report.

 

The product prices which were actually used to determine the future gross revenue for each property reflect adjustments to the benchmark prices for gravity, quality, local conditions, gathering and transportation and/or distance from market, referred to herein as “differentials.” The differentials used in the preparation of this report were furnished to us by Extraction. The differentials furnished to us

 

6



 

were accepted as factual data and reviewed by us for their reasonableness; however, we have not conducted an independent verification of the data used by Extraction to determine these differentials.

 

In addition, the table below summarizes the net volume weighted benchmark prices adjusted for differentials and referred to herein as the “average realized prices.” The average realized prices shown in the table below were determined from the total future gross revenue before production taxes and the total net reserves for the geographic area and presented in accordance with SEC disclosure requirements for each of the geographic areas included in the report.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average

 

Proved

 

 

 

 

 

Price

 

Benchmark

 

Realized

 

Geographic Area

 

Product

 

Reference

 

Prices

 

Prices

 

North America

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oil/Condensate

 

WTI Cushing

 

$50.28/Bbl

 

$43.28/Bbl

 

United States

 

NGLs

 

WTI Cushing

 

$50.28/Bbl

 

$10.65/Bbl

 

 

 

Gas

 

Henry Hub

 

$2.58/MMBTU

 

$2.11/MCF

 

 

The effects of derivative instruments designated as price hedges of oil and gas quantities are not reflected in our individual property evaluations.

 

Costs

 

Operating costs for the leases and wells in this report were furnished by Extraction and are based on the operating expense reports of Extraction and include only those costs directly applicable to the leases or wells. The operating costs include a portion of general and administrative costs allocated directly to the leases and wells. The operating costs furnished to us were accepted as factual data and reviewed by us for their reasonableness; however, we have not conducted an independent verification of the operating cost data used by Extraction. No deduction was made for loan repayments, interest expenses, or exploration and development prepayments that were not charged directly to the leases or wells.

 

Development costs were furnished to us by Extraction and are based on authorizations for expenditure for the proposed work or actual costs for similar projects. The development costs furnished to us were accepted as factual data and reviewed by us for their reasonableness; however, we have not conducted an independent verification of these costs. The estimated net cost of abandonment after salvage was included for properties where abandonment costs net of salvage were significant. The estimates of the net abandonment costs furnished by Extraction were accepted without independent verification.

 

The proved developed non-producing and proved undeveloped reserves in this report have been incorporated herein in accordance with Extraction’s plans to develop these reserves as of December 31, 2015. The implementation of Extraction’s development plans as presented to us and incorporated herein is subject to the approval process adopted by Extraction’s management. As the result of our inquiries during the course of preparing this report, Extraction has informed us that the development activities included herein have been subjected to and received the internal approvals required by Extraction’s management at the appropriate local, regional and/or corporate level. In addition to the internal approvals as noted, certain development activities may still be subject to specific

 

7


 

partner AFE processes, Joint Operating Agreement (JOA) requirements or other administrative approvals external to Extraction. Additionally, Extraction has informed us that they are not aware of any legal, regulatory or political obstacles that would significantly alter their plans. While these plans could change from those under existing economic conditions as of December 31, 2015, such changes were, in accordance with rules adopted by the SEC, omitted from consideration in making this evaluation.

 

Current costs used by Extraction were held constant throughout the life of the properties.

 

Standards of Independence and Professional Qualification

 

Ryder Scott is an independent petroleum engineering consulting firm that has been providing petroleum consulting services throughout the world since 1937. Ryder Scott is employee-owned and maintains offices in Houston, Texas; Denver, Colorado; and Calgary, Alberta, Canada. We have over eighty engineers and geoscientists on our permanent staff. By virtue of the size of our firm and the large number of clients for which we provide services, no single client or job represents a material portion of our annual revenue. We do not serve as officers or directors of any privately-owned or publicly-traded oil and gas company and are separate and independent from the operating and investment decision-making process of our clients. This allows us to bring the highest level of independence and objectivity to each engagement for our services.

 

Ryder Scott actively participates in industry-related professional societies and organizes an annual public forum focused on the subject of reserves evaluations and SEC regulations. Many of our staff have authored or co-authored technical papers on the subject of reserves related topics. We encourage our staff to maintain and enhance their professional skills by actively participating in ongoing continuing education.

 

Prior to becoming an officer of the Company, Ryder Scott requires that staff engineers and geoscientists have received professional accreditation in the form of a registered or certified professional engineer’s license or a registered or certified professional geoscientist’s license, or the equivalent thereof, from an appropriate governmental authority or a recognized self-regulating professional organization.

 

We are independent petroleum engineers with respect to Extraction. Neither we nor any of our employees have any financial interest in the subject properties and neither the employment to do this work nor the compensation is contingent on our estimates of reserves for the properties which were reviewed.

 

The results of this study, presented herein, are based on technical analysis conducted by teams of geoscientists and engineers from Ryder Scott. The professional qualifications of the undersigned, the technical person primarily responsible for overseeing the evaluation of the reserves information discussed in this report, are included as an attachment to this letter.

 

Terms of Usage

 

The results of our third party study, presented in report form herein, were prepared in accordance with the disclosure requirements set forth in the SEC regulations and intended for public disclosure as an exhibit in filings made with the SEC by Extraction.

 

8



 

We have provided Extraction with a digital version of the original signed copy of this report letter. In the event there are any differences between the digital version and the original signed report letter, the original signed report letter shall control and supersede the digital version.

 

The data and work papers used in the preparation of this report are available for examination by authorized parties in our offices. Please contact us if we can be of further service.

 

 

Very truly yours,

 

 

 

 

RYDER SCOTT COMPANY, L.P.

 

TBPE Firm Registration No. F-1580

 

 

 

/s/ James L. Baird

 

 

James L. Baird, P.E.

 

Colorado License No. 41521
Managing Senior Vice President

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Richard J. Marshall

 

 

Richard J. Marshall, P.E.

Colorado License No. 23260

Vice President

 

 

 

JLB-RJM (DCR)/pl

 

 

 

9




Exhibit 99.3

 

MOUNTAINTOP MINERALS, LLC

 

Estimated

 

Future Reserves and Income

 

Attributable to Certain

 

Royalty Interests

 

SEC Parameters

 

As of

 

December 31, 2015

 

/s/ James L. Baird

 

/s/ Richard J. Marshall

James L. Baird, P.E.

 

Richard J. Marshall, P.E.

Colorado License No. 41521

 

Colorado License No. 23260

Managing Senior Vice President

 

Vice President

 

RYDER SCOTT COMPANY, L.P.

TBPE Firm Registration No. F-1580

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

RYDER SCOTT COMPANY PETROLEUM CONSULTANTS

 



 

 

FAX (303) 623-4258

 

 

TBPE REGISTERED ENGINEERING FIRM F-1580

 

 

621 SEVENTEENTH STREET

SUITE 1550

DENVER, COLORADO 80293

TELEPHONE (303) 623-9147

 

July 5, 2016

 

Mountaintop Minerals, LLC

370 17 th  Street, Suite 5300

Denver, Colorado 80202

 

Gentlemen:

 

At your request, Ryder Scott Company, LP. (Ryder Scott) has prepared an estimate of the proved reserves, future production, and income attributable to certain royalty interests of Mountaintop Minerals, LLC (Mountaintop) as of December 31, 2015. The subject properties are located in the state of Colorado. The reserves and income data were estimated based on the definitions and disclosure guidelines of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) contained in Title 17, Code of Federal Regulations, Modernization of Oil and Gas Reporting, Final Rule released January 14, 2009 in the Federal Register (SEC regulations). Our third party study, completed on July 5, 2016 and presented herein, was prepared for public disclosure by Extraction in filings made with the SEC in accordance with the disclosure requirements set forth in the SEC regulations.

 

The properties evaluated by Ryder Scott represent 100 percent of the total net proved liquid hydrocarbon reserves and 100 percent of the total net proved gas reserves of Mountaintop as of December 31, 2015.

 

The estimated reserves and future net income amounts presented in this report, as of December 31, 2015 are related to hydrocarbon prices. The hydrocarbon prices used in the preparation of this report are based on the average prices during the 12-month period prior to the “as of date” of this report, determined as the unweighted arithmetic averages of the prices in effect on the first-day-of-the-month for each month within such period, unless prices were defined by contractual arrangements, as required by the SEC regulations. Actual future prices may vary significantly from the prices required by SEC regulations; therefore, volumes of reserves actually recovered and the amounts of income actually received may differ significantly from the estimated quantities presented in this report. The results of this study are summarized as follows.

 

1100 LOUISIANA, SUITE 4600

HOUSTON, TEXAS 77002-5218

TEL (713) 651-9191

FAX (713) 651-0849

1015 4TH STREET S.W., SUITE 600

CALGARY, ALBERTA T2R 1J4

TEL (403) 262-2799

FAX (403) 262-2790

 



 

SEC PARAMETERS

Estimated Net Reserves and Income Data

Certain Royalty Interests of

Mountaintop Minerals, LLC

As of December 31, 2015

 

 

 

Proved

 

 

 

Developed

 

 

 

Total

 

 

 

Producing

 

Non-Producing

 

Undeveloped

 

Proved

 

Net Remaining Reserves

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oil/Condensate — Mbbl

 

128

 

1

 

168

 

297

 

Plant Products — Mbbl

 

59

 

0

 

97

 

156

 

Gas — MMcf

 

462

 

3

 

755

 

1,220

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income Data ($M)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Future Gross Revenue

 

$

7,132

 

$

53

 

$

9,829

 

$

17,014

 

Deductions

 

648

 

5

 

894

 

1,547

 

Future Net Income (FNI)

 

$

6,484

 

$

48

 

$

8,935

 

$

15,467

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Discounted FNI @ 10%

 

$

4,283

 

$

35

 

$

4,267

 

$

8,585

 

 

Liquid hydrocarbons are expressed in thousands of standard 42 gallon barrels (Mbbl). All gas volumes are reported on an “as sold basis” expressed in millions of cubic feet (MMcf) at the official temperature and pressure bases of the areas in which the gas reserves are located. In this report, the revenues, deductions, and income data are expressed as thousands of U.S. dollars ($M).

 

The estimates of the reserves, future production, and income attributable to properties in this report were prepared using the economic software package PHDWin Petroleum Economic Evaluation Software, a copyrighted program of TRC Consultants L.C. The program was used at the request of Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC (Extraction), the operator. Ryder Scott has found this program to be generally acceptable, but notes that certain summaries and calculations may vary due to rounding and may not exactly match the sum of the properties being summarized. Furthermore, one line economic summaries may vary slightly from the more detailed cash flow projections of the same properties, also due to rounding. The rounding differences are not material.

 

The future gross revenue is after the deduction of production taxes. The deductions incorporate ad valorem taxes. The future net income is before the deduction state and federal income taxes and general administrative overhead, and has not been adjusted for outstanding loans that may exist nor does it include any adjustment for cash on hand or undistributed income.

 

Liquid hydrocarbon reserves account for approximately 85 percent and gas reserves account for the remaining 15 percent of total future gross revenue from proved reserves.

 

The discounted future net income shown above was calculated using a discount rate of 10 percent per annum compounded monthly. Future net income was discounted at four other discount rates which were also compounded monthly. These results are shown in summary form as follows.

 

RYDER SCOTT COMPANY PETROLEUM CONSULTANTS

 

2



 

 

 

Discounted Future Net Income ($M)

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2015

 

Discount Rate

 

Total

 

Percent

 

Proved

 

 

 

 

 

5

 

$

11,186

 

12

 

$

7,822

 

15

 

$

6,878

 

20

 

$

5,688

 

 

The results shown above are presented for your information and should not be construed as our estimate of fair market value.

 

Reserves Included in This Report

 

The proved reserves included herein conform to the definitions as set forth in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Regulations Part 210.4-10(a). An abridged version of the SEC reserves definitions from 210.4-10(a) entitled “Petroleum Reserves Definitions” is included as an attachment to this report.

 

The various reserve status categories are defined under the attachment entitled “Petroleum Reserves Status Definitions and Guidelines” in this report. The proved developed non-producing reserves included herein consist of the shut-in category.

 

No attempt was made to quantify or otherwise account for any accumulated gas production imbalances that may exist. The proved gas volumes presented herein do not include volumes of gas consumed in operations as reserves.

 

Reserves are “estimated remaining quantities of oil and gas and related substances anticipated to be economically producible, as of a given date, by application of development projects to known accumulations.” All reserve estimates involve an assessment of the uncertainty relating the likelihood that the actual remaining quantities recovered will be greater or less than the estimated quantities determined as of the date the estimate is made. The uncertainty depends chiefly on the amount of reliable geologic and engineering data available at the time of the estimate and the interpretation of these data. The relative degree of uncertainty may be conveyed by placing reserves into one of two principal classifications, either proved or unproved. Unproved reserves are less certain to be recovered than proved reserves and may be further sub-classified as probable and possible reserves to denote progressively increasing uncertainty in their recoverability. At Mountaintop’s request, this report addresses only the proved reserves attributable to the properties evaluated herein.

 

Proved oil and gas reserves are “those quantities of oil and gas which, by analysis of geoscience and engineering data, can be estimated with reasonable certainty to be economically producible from a given date forward.” The proved reserves included herein were estimated using deterministic methods. The SEC has defined reasonable certainty for proved reserves, when based on deterministic methods, as a “high degree of confidence that the quantities will be recovered.”

 

Proved reserve estimates will generally be revised only as additional geologic or engineering data become available or as economic conditions change. For proved reserves, the SEC states that “as changes due to increased availability of geoscience (geological, geophysical, and geochemical), engineering, and economic data are made to the estimated ultimate recovery (EUR) with time, reasonably certain EUR is much more likely to increase or remain constant than to decrease.”

 

3



 

Moreover, estimates of proved reserves may be revised as a result of future operations, effects of regulation by governmental agencies or geopolitical or economic risks. Therefore, the proved reserves included in this report are estimates only and should not be construed as being exact quantities, and if recovered, the revenues therefrom, and the actual costs related thereto, could be more or less than the estimated amounts.

 

Mountaintop’s operations may be subject to various levels of governmental controls and regulations. These controls and regulations may include, but may not be limited to, matters relating to land tenure and leasing, the legal rights to produce hydrocarbons, drilling and production practices, environmental protection, marketing and pricing policies, royalties, various taxes and levies including income tax and are subject to change from time to time. Such changes in governmental regulations and policies may cause volumes of proved reserves actually recovered and amounts of proved income actually received to differ significantly from the estimated quantities.

 

The estimates of proved reserves presented herein were based upon a detailed study of the properties in which Mountaintop owns an interest; however, we have not made any field examination of the properties. No consideration was given in this report to potential environmental liabilities that may exist nor were any costs included for potential liabilities to restore and clean up damages, if any, caused by past operating practices.

 

Estimates of Reserves

 

The estimation of reserves involves two distinct determinations. The first determination results in the estimation of the quantities of recoverable oil and gas and the second determination results in the estimation of the uncertainty associated with those estimated quantities in accordance with the definitions set forth by the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Regulations Part 210.4-10(a). The process of estimating the quantities of recoverable oil and gas reserves relies on the use of certain generally accepted analytical procedures. These analytical procedures fall into three broad categories or methods: (1) performance-based methods, (2) volumetric-based methods and (3) analogy. These methods may be used individually or in combination by the reserve evaluator in the process of estimating the quantities of reserves. Reserve evaluators must select the method or combination of methods which in their professional judgment is most appropriate given the nature and amount of reliable geoscience and engineering data available at the time of the estimate, the established or anticipated performance characteristics of the reservoir being evaluated, and the stage of development or producing maturity of the property.

 

In many cases, the analysis of the available geoscience and engineering data and the subsequent interpretation of this data may indicate a range of possible outcomes in an estimate, irrespective of the method selected by the evaluator. When a range in the quantity of reserves is identified, the evaluator must determine the uncertainty associated with the incremental quantities of the reserves. If the reserve quantities are estimated using the deterministic incremental approach, the uncertainty for each discrete incremental quantity of the reserves is addressed by the reserve category assigned by the evaluator. Therefore, it is the categorization of reserve quantities as proved, probable and/or possible that addresses the inherent uncertainty in the estimated quantities reported. For proved reserves, uncertainty is defined by the SEC as reasonable certainty wherein the “quantities actually recovered are much more likely than not to be achieved.” The SEC states that “probable reserves are those additional reserves that are less certain to be recovered than proved reserves but which, together with proved reserves, are as likely as not to be recovered.” The SEC states that “possible reserves are those additional reserves that are less certain to be recovered than probable reserves and the total quantities ultimately recovered from a project have a low probability of exceeding

 

4



 

proved plus probable plus possible reserves.” All quantities of reserves within the same reserve category must meet the SEC definitions as noted above.

 

Estimates of reserves quantities and their associated reserve categories may be revised in the future as additional geoscience or engineering data become available. Furthermore, estimates of reserves quantities and their associated reserve categories may also be revised due to other factors such as changes in economic conditions, results of future operations, effects of regulation by governmental agencies or geopolitical or economic risks as previously noted herein.

 

The proved reserves for the properties included herein were estimated by performance methods or analogy. One hundred percent of the proved producing reserves attributable to producing wells and/or reservoirs were estimated by performance methods. These performance methods include decline curve analysis, which utilized extrapolations of historical production data available through December 2015 in those cases where such data were considered to be definitive. The data utilized in this analysis were furnished to Ryder Scott by Extraction and were considered sufficient for the purpose thereof.

 

One hundred percent of the proved developed non-producing and proved undeveloped reserves included herein were estimated by analogy. The data utilized from the analogues were considered sufficient for the purpose thereof.

 

To estimate economically recoverable proved oil and gas reserves and related future net cash flows, we consider many factors and assumptions including, but not limited to, the use of reservoir parameters derived from geological, geophysical and engineering data which cannot be measured directly, economic criteria based on current costs and SEC pricing requirements, and forecasts of future production rates. Under the SEC regulations 210.4-10(a)(22)(v) and (26), proved reserves must be anticipated to be economically producible from a given date forward based on existing economic conditions including the prices and costs at which economic producibility from a reservoir is to be determined. While it may reasonably be anticipated that the future prices received for the sale of production and the operating costs and other costs relating to such production may increase or decrease from those under existing economic conditions, such changes were, in accordance with rules adopted by the SEC, omitted from consideration in making this evaluation.

 

Extraction has informed us that they have furnished us all of the material accounts, records, geological and engineering data, and reports and other data required for this investigation. In preparing our forecast of future proved production and income, we have relied upon data furnished by Extraction with respect to property interests owned, production and well tests from examined wells, normal direct costs of operating the wells or leases, ad valorem and production taxes, development costs, development plans, abandonment costs after salvage, product prices based on the SEC regulations, adjustments or differentials to product prices, geological structural and isochore maps, well logs, core analyses, and pressure measurements. Ryder Scott reviewed such factual data for its reasonableness; however, we have not conducted an independent verification of the data furnished by Extraction. We consider the factual data used in this report appropriate and sufficient for the purpose of preparing the estimates of reserves and future net revenues herein.

 

In summary, we consider the assumptions, data, methods and analytical procedures used in this report appropriate for the purpose hereof, and we have used all such methods and procedures that we consider necessary and appropriate to prepare the estimates of reserves herein. The proved reserves included herein were determined in conformance with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Modernization of Oil and Gas Reporting; Final Rule, including all references to Regulation S-X and Regulation S-K, referred to herein collectively as the “SEC

 

5



 

Regulations.” In our opinion, the proved reserves presented in this report comply with the definitions, guidelines and disclosure requirements as required by the SEC regulations.

 

Future Production Rates

 

For wells currently on production, our forecasts of future production rates are based on historical performance data. If no production decline trend has been established, future production rates were held constant, or adjusted for the effects of curtailment where appropriate, until a decline in ability to produce was anticipated. An estimated rate of decline was then applied to depletion of the reserves. If a decline trend has been established, this trend was used as the basis for estimating future production rates.

 

Test data and other related information were used to estimate the anticipated initial production rates for those wells or locations that are not currently producing. For reserves not yet on production, sales were estimated to commence at an anticipated date furnished by Extraction. Wells or locations that are not currently producing may start producing earlier or later than anticipated in our estimates due to unforeseen factors causing a change in the timing to initiate production. Such factors may include delays due to weather, the availability of rigs, the sequence of drilling, completing and/or recompleting wells and/or constraints set by regulatory bodies.

 

The future production rates from wells currently on production or wells or locations that are not currently producing may be more or less than estimated because of changes including, but not limited to, reservoir performance, operating conditions related to surface facilities, compression and artificial lift, pipeline capacity and/or operating conditions, producing market demand and/or allowables or other constraints set by regulatory bodies.

 

Hydrocarbon Prices

 

The hydrocarbon prices used herein are based on SEC price parameters using the average prices during the 12-month period prior to the “as of date” of this report, determined as the unweighted arithmetic averages of the prices in effect on the first-day-of-the-month for each month within such period, unless prices were defined by contractual arrangements. For hydrocarbon products sold under contract, the contract prices, including fixed and determinable escalations, exclusive of inflation adjustments, were used until expiration of the contract. Upon contract expiration, the prices were adjusted to the 12-month unweighted arithmetic average as previously described.

 

Extraction furnished us with the above mentioned average prices in effect on December 31, 2015. These initial SEC hydrocarbon prices were determined using the 12-month average first-day-of-the-month benchmark prices appropriate to the geographic area where the hydrocarbons are sold. These benchmark prices are prior to the adjustments for differentials as described herein. The table below summarizes the “benchmark prices” and “price reference” used for the geographic area included in the report.

 

The product prices which were actually used to determine the future gross revenue for each property reflect adjustments to the benchmark prices for gravity, quality, local conditions, gathering and transportation and/or distance from market, referred to herein as “differentials.” The differentials used in the preparation of this report were furnished to us by Extraction. The differentials furnished to us were accepted as factual data and reviewed by us for their reasonableness; however, we have not conducted an independent verification of the data used by Extraction to determine these differentials.

 

6



 

In addition, the table below summarizes the net volume weighted benchmark prices adjusted for differentials and referred to herein as the “average realized prices.” The average realized prices shown in the table below were determined from the total future gross revenue before production taxes and the total net reserves for the geographic area and presented in accordance with SEC disclosure requirements for each of the geographic areas included in the report.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average

 

Proved

 

 

 

 

 

Price

 

Benchmark

 

Realized

 

Geographic Area

 

Product

 

Reference

 

Prices

 

Prices

 

North America

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

United States

 

Oil/Condensate

 

WTI Cushing

 

$50.28/Bbl

 

$43.28/bbl

 

 

NGLs

 

WTI Cushing

 

$50.28/Bbl

 

$10.64/bbl

 

 

Gas

 

Colorado Interstate

 

$2.40/MMBTU

 

$2.18/Mcf

 

 

The effects of derivative instruments designated as price hedges of oil and gas quantities are not reflected in our individual property evaluations.

 

Costs

 

Operating costs for the leases and wells in this report were furnished by Extraction and are based on the operating expense reports of Extraction and include only those costs directly applicable to the leases or wells. The operating costs include a portion of general and administrative costs allocated directly to the leases and wells. The operating costs furnished to us were accepted as factual data and reviewed by us for their reasonableness; however, we have not conducted an independent verification of the operating cost data used by Extraction. As these are royalty interests, the operating costs were only used to determine economic limits. No deduction was made for loan repayments, interest expenses, or exploration and development prepayments that were not charged directly to the leases or wells.

 

Development costs were furnished to us by Extraction and are based on authorizations for expenditure for the proposed work or actual costs for similar projects. The development costs furnished to us were accepted as factual data and reviewed by us for their reasonableness; however, we have not conducted an independent verification of these costs. The estimated net cost of abandonment after salvage was included for properties where abandonment costs net of salvage were significant. The estimates of the net abandonment costs furnished by Extraction were accepted without independent verification. As these are royalty interests, development costs and abandonment costs are not shown.

 

The proved developed non-producing and proved undeveloped reserves in this report have been incorporated herein in accordance with Extraction’s plans to develop these reserves as of December 31, 2015. The implementation of Extraction’s development plans as presented to us and incorporated herein is subject to the approval process adopted by Extraction’s management. As the result of our inquiries during the course of preparing this report, Extraction has informed us that the development activities included herein have been subjected to and received the internal approvals required by Extraction’s management at the appropriate local, regional and/or corporate level. In addition to the internal approvals as noted, certain development activities may still be subject to specific partner AFE processes, Joint Operating Agreement (JOA) requirements or other administrative approvals external to Extraction. Additionally, Extraction has informed us that they are not aware of

 

7


 

any legal, regulatory or political obstacles that would significantly alter their plans. While these plans could change from those under existing economic conditions as of December 31, 2015, such changes were, in accordance with rules adopted by the SEC, omitted from consideration in making this evaluation.

 

Current costs used by Extraction were held constant throughout the life of the properties.

 

Standards of Independence and Professional Qualification

 

Ryder Scott is an independent petroleum engineering consulting firm that has been providing petroleum consulting services throughout the world since 1937. Ryder Scott is employee-owned and maintains offices in Houston, Texas; Denver, Colorado; and Calgary, Alberta, Canada. We have over eighty engineers and geoscientists on our permanent staff. By virtue of the size of our firm and the large number of clients for which we provide services, no single client or job represents a material portion of our annual revenue. We do not serve as officers or directors of any privately-owned or publicly-traded oil and gas company and are separate and independent from the operating and investment decision-making process of our clients. This allows us to bring the highest level of independence and objectivity to each engagement for our services.

 

Ryder Scott actively participates in industry-related professional societies and organizes an annual public forum focused on the subject of reserves evaluations and SEC regulations. Many of our staff have authored or co-authored technical papers on the subject of reserves related topics. We encourage our staff to maintain and enhance their professional skills by actively participating in ongoing continuing education.

 

Prior to becoming an officer of the Company, Ryder Scott requires that staff engineers and geoscientists have received professional accreditation in the form of a registered or certified professional engineer’s license or a registered or certified professional geoscientist’s license, or the equivalent thereof, from an appropriate governmental authority or a recognized self-regulating professional organization.

 

We are independent petroleum engineers with respect to Mountaintop. Neither we nor any of our employees have any financial interest in the subject properties and neither the employment to do this work nor the compensation is contingent on our estimates of reserves for the properties which were reviewed.

 

The results of this study, presented herein, are based on technical analysis conducted by teams of geoscientists and engineers from Ryder Scott. The professional qualifications of the undersigned, the technical person primarily responsible for overseeing the evaluation of the reserves information discussed in this report, are included as an attachment to this letter.

 

Terms of Usage

 

The results of our third party study, presented in report form herein, were prepared in accordance with the disclosure requirements set forth in the SEC regulations and intended for public disclosure as an exhibit in filings made with the SEC by Extraction.

 

For filings made with the SEC under the 1933 Securities Act, we have provided our written consent for the references to our name as well as to the references to our third party report in the registration statement on Form S-1 by Extraction. Our consent for such use is included as a separate exhibit to the filings made with the SEC by Extraction.

 

8



 

We have provided Mountaintop with a digital version of the original signed copy of this report letter. In the event there are any differences between the digital version included in filings made by Extraction and the original signed report letter, the original signed report letter shall control and supersede the digital version.

 

The data and work papers used in the preparation of this report are available for examination by authorized parties in our offices. Please contact us if we can be of further service.

 

 

Very truly yours,

 

 

 

 

RYDER SCOTT COMPANY, L.P.

 

TBPE Firm Registration No. F-1580

 

 

 

/s/ James L. Baird

 

James L. Baird, P.E.

 

Colorado License No. 41521

Managing Senior Vice President

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Richard J. Marshall

 

 

Richard J. Marshall, P.E.

Colorado License No. 23260

Vice President

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

JLB-RJM (DPR)/pl

 

9




Exhibit 99.4

 

EXTRACTION OIL & GAS, LLC

 

Estimated

 

Future Reserves and Income

 

Attributable to Certain

 

Leasehold Interests

 

8 North, LLC

 

SEC Parameters

 

As of

 

December 31, 2015

 

 

/s/ Richard J. Marshall

 

 

Richard J. Marshall, P.E.

 

 

Colorado License No. 23260

 

 

Vice President

 

 

 

 

RYDER SCOTT COMPANY, L.P.

TBPE Firm Registration No. F-1580

 

 

 

RYDER SCOTT COMPANY PETROLEUM CONSULTANTS

 



 

TBPE REGISTERED ENGINEERING FIRM F-1580

FAX (303) 623-4258

 

621 SEVENTEENTH STREET

SUITE 1550

DENVER, COLORADO 80293

TELEPHONE (303) 623-9147

 

June 17, 2016

 

Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC

370 17 th  Street, Suite 5300

Denver, Colorado 80202

 

Gentlemen:

 

At your request, Ryder Scott Company, L.P. (Ryder Scott) has prepared an estimate of the proved producing reserves, future production and income attributable to certain leasehold interests of 8 North, LLC (8 North) as of December 31, 2015. 8 North is a wholly owned subsidiary of Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC (Extraction). The subject properties are located in the state of Colorado. The reserves and income data were estimated based on the definitions and disclosure guidelines of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) contained in Title 17, Code of Federal Regulations, Modernization of Oil and Gas Reporting, Final Rule released January 14, 2009 in the Federal Register (SEC regulations). Our third party study, completed on June 17, 2016 and presented herein, was prepared for public disclosure by Extraction in filings made with the SEC in accordance with the disclosure requirements set forth in the SEC regulations.

 

The properties evaluated by Ryder Scott represent 100 percent of the total net proved producing liquid hydrocarbon reserves and 100 percent of the total net proved producing gas reserves of 8 North as of December 31, 2015.

 

The estimated reserves and future net income amounts presented in this report, as of December 31, 2015 are related to hydrocarbon prices. The hydrocarbon prices used in the preparation of this report are based on the average prices during the 12-month period prior to the “as of date” of this report, determined as the unweighted arithmetic averages of the prices in effect on the first-day-of-the-month for each month within such period, unless prices were defined by contractual arrangements, as required by the SEC regulations. Actual future prices may vary significantly from the prices required by SEC regulations; therefore, volumes of reserves actually recovered and the amounts of income actually received may differ significantly from the estimated quantities presented in this report. The results of this study are summarized as follows.

 

1100 LOUISIANA, SUITE 4600

HOUSTON, TEXAS 77002-5218

TEL (713) 651-9191

FAX (713) 651-0849

1015 4TH STREET S.W., SUITE 600

CALGARY, ALBERTA T2R 1J4

TEL (403) 262-2799

FAX (403) 262-2790

 



 

SEC PARAMETERS

Estimated Net Reserves and Income Data

Certain Leasehold Interests of

8 North, LLC

As of December 31, 2015

 

 

 

Proved

 

 

 

Developed

 

 

 

Producing

 

Net Remaining Reserves

 

 

 

Oil/Condensate — Mbbl

 

137

 

Plant Products — Mbbl

 

152

 

Gas — MMcf

 

1,195

 

 

 

 

 

Income Data ($M)

 

 

 

Future Gross Revenue

 

$

10,213

 

Deductions

 

11,122

 

Future Net Income (FNI)

 

$

(909

)

 

 

 

 

Discounted FNI @ 10%

 

$

(133

)

 

Liquid hydrocarbons are expressed in thousands of standard 42 gallon barrels (Mbbl). All gas volumes are reported on an “as sold basis” expressed in millions of cubic feet (MMcf) at the official temperature and pressure bases of the areas in which the gas reserves are located. In this report, the revenues, deductions, and income data are expressed as thousands of U.S. dollars ($M).

 

The estimates of the reserves, future production, and income attributable to properties in this report were prepared using the economic software package PHDWin Petroleum Economic Evaluation Software, a copyrighted program of TRC Consultants L.C. The program was used at the request of Extraction. Ryder Scott has found this program to be generally acceptable, but notes that certain summaries and calculations may vary due to rounding and may not exactly match the sum of the properties being summarized. Furthermore, one line economic summaries may vary slightly from the more detailed cash flow projections of the same properties, also due to rounding. The rounding differences are not material.

 

The future gross revenue is after the deduction of production taxes. The deductions incorporate the normal direct costs of operating the wells with proved producing reserves, ad valorem taxes and certain abandonment costs net of salvage. The future net income is before the deduction of state and federal income taxes and general administrative overhead, and has not been adjusted for outstanding loans that may exist nor does it include any adjustment for cash on hand or undistributed income.

 

Liquid hydrocarbon reserves account for approximately 76 percent and gas reserves account for the remaining 24 percent of total future gross revenue from proved reserves.

 

The discounted future net income shown above was calculated using a discount rate of 10 percent per annum compounded monthly. Future net income was discounted at four other discount rates which were also compounded monthly. These results are shown in summary form as follows.

 

RYDER SCOTT COMPANY PETROLEUM CONSULTANTS

 

2



 

 

 

Discounted Future Net Income ($M)

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2015

 

Discount Rate

 

Total

 

Percent

 

Proved

 

 

 

 

 

 

5

 

 

$

(404

)

12

 

 

$

(62

)

15

 

 

$

18

 

20

 

 

$

103

 

 

The results shown above are presented for your information and should not be construed as our estimate of fair market value.

 

Reserves Included in This Report

 

The proved producing reserves included herein conform to the definitions as set forth in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Regulations Part 210.4-10(a). An abridged version of the SEC reserves definitions from 210.4-10(a) entitled “Petroleum Reserves Definitions” is included as an attachment to this report.

 

The various reserve status categories are defined under the attachment entitled “Petroleum Reserves Status Definitions and Guidelines” in this report.

 

No attempt was made to quantify or otherwise account for any accumulated gas production imbalances that may exist. The proved volumes presented herein do not include volumes of gas consumed in operations as reserves.

 

Reserves are “estimated remaining quantities of oil and gas and related substances anticipated to be economically producible, as of a given date, by application of development projects to known accumulations.” All reserve estimates involve an assessment of the uncertainty relating the likelihood that the actual remaining quantities recovered will be greater or less than the estimated quantities determined as of the date the estimate is made. The uncertainty depends chiefly on the amount of reliable geologic and engineering data available at the time of the estimate and the interpretation of these data. The relative degree of uncertainty may be conveyed by placing reserves into one of two principal classifications, either proved or unproved. Unproved reserves are less certain to be recovered than proved reserves and may be further sub-classified as probable and possible reserves to denote progressively increasing uncertainty in their recoverability. At 8 North’s request, this report addresses only the proved producing reserves attributable to the properties evaluated herein.

 

Proved oil and gas reserves are “those quantities of oil and gas which, by analysis of geoscience and engineering data, can be estimated with reasonable certainty to be economically producible from a given date forward.” The reserves included herein were estimated using deterministic methods. The SEC has defined reasonable certainty for proved reserves, when based on deterministic methods, as a “high degree of confidence that the quantities will be recovered.”

 

Proved reserve estimates will generally be revised only as additional geologic or engineering data become available or as economic conditions change. For proved reserves, the SEC states that “as changes due to increased availability of geoscience (geological, geophysical, and geochemical), engineering, and economic data are made to the estimated ultimate recovery (EUR) with time, reasonably certain EUR is much more likely to increase or remain constant than to decrease.” Moreover, estimates of proved reserves may be revised as a result of future operations, effects of

 

3



 

regulation by governmental agencies or geopolitical or economic risks. Therefore, the proved reserves included in this report are estimates only and should not be construed as being exact quantities, and if recovered, the revenues therefrom, and the actual costs related thereto, could be more or less than the estimated amounts.

 

Extraction’s operations may be subject to various levels of governmental controls and regulations. These controls and regulations may include, but may not be limited to, matters relating to land tenure and leasing, the legal rights to produce hydrocarbons, drilling and production practices, environmental protection, marketing and pricing policies, royalties, various taxes and levies including income tax and are subject to change from time to time. Such changes in governmental regulations and policies may cause volumes of proved reserves actually recovered and amounts of proved income actually received to differ significantly from the estimated quantities.

 

The estimates of reserves presented herein were based upon a detailed study of the properties in which 8 North owns an interest; however, we have not made any field examination of the properties. No consideration was given in this report to potential environmental liabilities that may exist nor were any costs included for potential liabilities to restore and clean up damages, if any, caused by past operating practices.

 

Estimates of Reserves

 

The estimation of reserves involves two distinct determinations. The first determination results in the estimation of the quantities of recoverable oil and gas and the second determination results in the estimation of the uncertainty associated with those estimated quantities in accordance with the definitions set forth by the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Regulations Part 210.4-10(a). The process of estimating the quantities of recoverable oil and gas reserves relies on the use of certain generally accepted analytical procedures. These analytical procedures fall into three broad categories or methods: (1) performance-based methods, (2) volumetric-based methods and (3) analogy. These methods may be used individually or in combination by the reserve evaluator in the process of estimating the quantities of reserves. Reserve evaluators must select the method or combination of methods which in their professional judgment is most appropriate given the nature and amount of reliable geoscience and engineering data available at the time of the estimate, the established or anticipated performance characteristics of the reservoir being evaluated, and the stage of development or producing maturity of the property.

 

In many cases, the analysis of the available geoscience and engineering data and the subsequent interpretation of this data may indicate a range of possible outcomes in an estimate, irrespective of the method selected by the evaluator. When a range in the quantity of reserves is identified, the evaluator must determine the uncertainty associated with the incremental quantities of the reserves. If the reserve quantities are estimated using the deterministic incremental approach, the uncertainty for each discrete incremental quantity of the reserves is addressed by the reserve category assigned by the evaluator. Therefore, it is the categorization of reserve quantities as proved, probable and/or possible that addresses the inherent uncertainty in the estimated quantities reported. For proved reserves, uncertainty is defined by the SEC as reasonable certainty wherein the “quantities actually recovered are much more likely than not to be achieved.” The SEC states that “probable reserves are those additional reserves that are less certain to be recovered than proved reserves but which, together with proved reserves, are as likely as not to be recovered.” The SEC states that “possible reserves are those additional reserves that are less certain to be recovered than probable reserves and the total quantities ultimately recovered from a project have a low probability of exceeding proved plus probable plus possible reserves.” All quantities of reserves within the same reserve category must meet the SEC definitions as noted above.

 

4



 

Estimates of reserves quantities and their associated reserve categories may be revised in the future as additional geoscience or engineering data become available. Furthermore, estimates of reserves quantities and their associated reserve categories may also be revised due to other factors such as changes in economic conditions, results of future operations, effects of regulation by governmental agencies or geopolitical or economic risks as previously noted herein.

 

All of the proved producing reserves for the properties included herein were estimated by performance methods. These performance methods include decline curve analysis, which utilized extrapolations of historical production data available through October 2015 in those cases where such data were considered to be definitive. The data utilized in this analysis were furnished to Ryder Scott by Extraction and were considered sufficient for the purpose thereof.

 

To estimate economically recoverable proved oil and gas reserves and related future net cash flows, we consider many factors and assumptions including, but not limited to, the use of reservoir parameters derived from geological, geophysical and engineering data which cannot be measured directly, economic criteria based on current costs and SEC pricing requirements, and forecasts of future production rates. Under the SEC regulations 210.4-10(a)(22)(v) and (26), proved reserves must be anticipated to be economically producible from a given date forward based on existing economic conditions including the prices and costs at which economic producibility from a reservoir is to be determined. While it may reasonably be anticipated that the future prices received for the sale of production and the operating costs and other costs relating to such production may increase or decrease from those under existing economic conditions, such changes were, in accordance with rules adopted by the SEC, omitted from consideration in making this evaluation.

 

Extraction has informed us that they have furnished us all of the material accounts, records, geological and engineering data, and reports and other data required for this investigation. In preparing our forecast of future proved production and income, we have relied upon data furnished by Extraction with respect to property interests owned, production and well tests from examined wells, normal direct costs of operating the wells or leases, ad valorem and production taxes, abandonment costs after salvage, product prices based on the SEC regulations, and adjustments or differentials to product prices. Ryder Scott reviewed such factual data for its reasonableness; however, we have not conducted an independent verification of the data furnished by Extraction. We consider the factual data used in this report appropriate and sufficient for the purpose of preparing the estimates of reserves and future net revenues herein.

 

In summary, we consider the assumptions, data, methods and analytical procedures used in this report appropriate for the purpose hereof, and we have used all such methods and procedures that we consider necessary and appropriate to prepare the estimates of reserves herein. The proved reserves included herein were determined in conformance with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Modernization of Oil and Gas Reporting; Final Rule, including all references to Regulation S-X and Regulation S-K, referred to herein collectively as the “SEC Regulations.” In our opinion, the proved reserves presented in this report comply with the definitions, guidelines and disclosure requirements as required by the SEC regulations.

 

Future Production Rates

 

For wells currently on production, our forecasts of future production rates are based on historical performance data. An estimated rate of decline was then applied to depletion of the reserves. If a decline trend has been established, this trend was used as the basis for estimating future production rates.

 

5



 

The future production rates from wells currently on production may be more or less than estimated because of changes including, but not limited to, reservoir performance, operating conditions related to surface facilities, compression and artificial lift, pipeline capacity and/or operating conditions, producing market demand and/or allowables or other constraints set by regulatory bodies.

 

Hydrocarbon Prices

 

The hydrocarbon prices used herein are based on SEC price parameters using the average prices during the 12-month period prior to the “as of date” of this report, determined as the unweighted arithmetic averages of the prices in effect on the first-day-of-the-month for each month within such period, unless prices were defined by contractual arrangements. For hydrocarbon products sold under contract, the contract prices, including fixed and determinable escalations, exclusive of inflation adjustments, were used until expiration of the contract. Upon contract expiration, the prices were adjusted to the 12-month unweighted arithmetic average as previously described.

 

Extraction furnished us with the above mentioned average prices in effect on December 31, 2015. These initial SEC hydrocarbon prices were determined using the 12-month average first-day-of-the-month benchmark prices appropriate to the geographic area where the hydrocarbons are sold. These benchmark prices are prior to the adjustments for differentials as described herein. The table below summarizes the “benchmark prices” and “price reference” used for the geographic area included in the report.

 

The product prices which were actually used to determine the future gross revenue for each property reflect adjustments to the benchmark prices for gravity, quality, local conditions, gathering and transportation and/or distance from market, referred to herein as “differentials.” The differentials used in the preparation of this report were furnished to us by Extraction. The differentials furnished to us were accepted as factual data and reviewed by us for their reasonableness; however, we have not conducted an independent verification of the data used by Extraction to determine these differentials.

 

In addition, the table below summarizes the net volume weighted benchmark prices adjusted for differentials and referred to herein as the “average realized prices.” The average realized prices shown in the table below were determined from the total future gross revenue before production taxes and the total net reserves for the geographic area and presented in accordance with SEC disclosure requirements for each of the geographic areas included in the report.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Avg

 

Avg

 

 

 

 

 

Price

 

Benchmark

 

Realized

 

Geographic Area

 

Product

 

Reference

 

Prices

 

Prices

 

North America

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oil/Condensate

 

WTI Cushing

 

$50.28/bbl

 

$43.28/bbl

 

United States

 

NGLs

 

WTI Cushing

 

$50.28/bbl

 

$12.43/bbl

 

 

 

Gas

 

Colorado Interstate

 

$2.40/MMBTU

 

$2.10/Mcf

 

 

The effects of derivative instruments designated as price hedges of oil and gas quantities are not reflected in our individual property evaluations.

 

6



 

Costs

 

Operating costs for the leases and wells in this report were furnished by Extraction and are based on the operating expense reports of Extraction and include only those costs directly applicable to the leases or wells with proved producing reserves. The operating costs include a portion of general and administrative costs allocated directly to the leases and wells. The operating costs furnished to us were accepted as factual data and reviewed by us for their reasonableness; however, we have not conducted an independent verification of the operating cost data used by Extraction. No deduction was made for loan repayments, interest expenses, or exploration and development prepayments that were not charged directly to the leases or wells.

 

The estimated net cost of abandonment after salvage was included for proved producing properties where abandonment costs net of salvage were significant. The estimates of the net abandonment costs furnished by Extraction were accepted without independent verification.

 

Current costs used by Extraction for the proved producing properties were held constant throughout the life of the properties. It should be noted that this report does not include operating costs or abandonment costs for non-commercial producing wells or shut in wells.

 

Standards of Independence and Professional Qualification

 

Ryder Scott is an independent petroleum engineering consulting firm that has been providing petroleum consulting services throughout the world since 1937. Ryder Scott is employee-owned and maintains offices in Houston, Texas; Denver, Colorado; and Calgary, Alberta, Canada. We have over eighty engineers and geoscientists on our permanent staff. By virtue of the size of our firm and the large number of clients for which we provide services, no single client or job represents a material portion of our annual revenue. We do not serve as officers or directors of any privately-owned or publicly-traded oil and gas company and are separate and independent from the operating and investment decision-making process of our clients. This allows us to bring the highest level of independence and objectivity to each engagement for our services.

 

Ryder Scott actively participates in industry-related professional societies and organizes an annual public forum focused on the subject of reserves evaluations and SEC regulations. Many of our staff have authored or co-authored technical papers on the subject of reserves related topics. We encourage our staff to maintain and enhance their professional skills by actively participating in ongoing continuing education.

 

Prior to becoming an officer of the Company, Ryder Scott requires that staff engineers and geoscientists have received professional accreditation in the form of a registered or certified professional engineer’s license or a registered or certified professional geoscientist’s license, or the equivalent thereof, from an appropriate governmental authority or a recognized self-regulating professional organization.

 

We are independent petroleum engineers with respect to 8 North. Neither we nor any of our employees have any financial interest in the subject properties and neither the employment to do this work nor the compensation is contingent on our estimates of reserves for the properties which were reviewed.

 

The results of this study, presented herein, are based on technical analysis conducted by teams of geoscientists and engineers from Ryder Scott. The professional qualifications of the undersigned,

 

7


 

the technical person primarily responsible for overseeing the evaluation of the reserves information discussed in this report, are included as an attachment to this letter.

 

Terms of Usage

 

The results of our third party study, presented in report form herein, were prepared in accordance with the disclosure requirements set forth in the SEC regulations and intended for public disclosure as an exhibit in filings made with the SEC by Extraction.

 

We have provided 8 North, LLC with a digital version of the original signed copy of this report letter. In the event there are any differences between the digital version and the original signed report letter, the original signed report letter shall control and supersede the digital version.

 

The data and work papers used in the preparation of this report are available for examination by authorized parties in our offices. Please contact us if we can be of further service.

 

 

Very truly yours,

 

 

 

RYDER SCOTT COMPANY, L.P.

 

TBPE Firm Registration No. F-1580

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Richard J. Marshall

 

Richard J. Marshall, P.E.

 

Colorado License No. 23260

 

Vice President

 

RJM (FWZ)/pl

 

8




Exhibit 99.5

 

EXTRACTION OIL & GAS, LLC

 

Estimated

 

Future Reserves and Income

 

Attributable to Certain

 

Leasehold Interests

 

SEC Parameters

 

As of

 

June 30, 2016

 

/s/ James L. Baird

 

/s/ Richard J. Marshall

James L. Baird, P.E.

 

Richard J. Marshall, P.E.

Colorado License No. 41521

 

Colorado License No. 23260

Managing Senior Vice President

 

Vice President

 

RYDER SCOTT COMPANY, LP.
TBPE Firm Registration No. F-1580

RYDER SCOTT COMPANY PETROLEUM CONSULTANTS

 



 

 

FAX (303) 623-4258

 

 

TBPE REGISTERED ENGINEERING FIRM F-1580

 

 

621 SEVENTEENTH STREET

SUITE 1550

DENVER, COLORADO 80293

TELEPHONE (303) 623-9147

 

July 25, 2016

 

Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC

370 17 th  Street, Suite 5300

Denver, Colorado 80202

 

Gentlemen:

 

At your request, Ryder Scott Company, L.P. (Ryder Scott) has prepared an estimate of the proved reserves, future production, and income attributable to certain leasehold interests of Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC (Extraction) as of June 30, 2016. The subject properties are located in the state of Colorado. The reserves and income data were estimated based on the definitions and disclosure guidelines of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) contained in Title 17, Code of Federal Regulations, Modernization of Oil and Gas Reporting, Final Rule released January 14, 2009 in the Federal Register (SEC regulations). Our third party study, completed on July 25, 2016 and presented herein, was prepared for public disclosure by Extraction in filings made with the SEC in accordance with the disclosure requirements set forth in the SEC regulations.

 

The properties evaluated by Ryder Scott account for a portion of Extraction’s total net proved reserves as of June 30, 2016. Based on information provided by Extraction, the third party estimate conducted by Ryder Scott addresses approximately 99 percent of the total proved net liquid hydrocarbon reserves and approximately 99 percent of the total proved net gas reserves.

 

The estimated reserves and future net income amounts presented in this report, as of June 30, 2016 are related to hydrocarbon prices. The hydrocarbon prices used in the preparation of this report are based on the average prices during the 12-month period prior to the “as of date” of this report, determined as the unweighted arithmetic averages of the prices in effect on the first-day-of-the-month for each month within such period, unless prices were defined by contractual arrangements, as required by the SEC regulations. Actual future prices may vary significantly from the prices required by SEC regulations; therefore, volumes of reserves actually recovered and the amounts of income actually received may differ significantly from the estimated quantities presented in this report. The results of this study are summarized as follows.

 

1100 LOUISIANA, SUITE 4600

HOUSTON, TEXAS 77002-5218

TEL (713) 651-9191

FAX (713) 651-0849

1015 4TH STREET S.W., SUITE 600

CALGARY, ALBERTA T2R 1J4

TEL (403) 262-2799

FAX (403) 262-2790

 



 

SEC PARAMETERS

Estimated Net Reserves and Income Data

Certain Leasehold Interests of

Extraction Oil  & Gas, LLC

As of June 30, 2016

 

 

 

Proved

 

 

 

Developed

 

 

 

Total

 

 

 

Producing

 

Undeveloped

 

Proved

 

Net Remaininq Reserves

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oil/Condensate — Mbbl

 

12,442

 

55,915

 

68,357

 

Plant Products — Mbbl

 

8,186

 

31,771

 

39,957

 

Gas — MMcf

 

63,234

 

246,694

 

309,928

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income Data ($M)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Future Gross Revenue

 

$

640,254

 

$

2,720,501

 

$

3,360,755

 

Deductions

 

265,914

 

1,955,271

 

2,221,185

 

Future Net Income (FNI)

 

$

374,340

 

$

765,230

 

$

1,139,570

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Discounted FNI @ 10%

 

$

286,997

 

$

227,834

 

$

514,831

 

 

Liquid hydrocarbons are expressed in thousands of standard 42 gallon barrels (Mbbl). All gas volumes are reported on an “as sold basis” expressed in millions of cubic feet (MMcf) at the official temperature and pressure bases of the areas in which the gas reserves are located. In this report, the revenues, deductions, and income data are expressed as thousands of U.S. dollars ($M).

 

The estimates of the reserves, future production, and income attributable to properties in this report were prepared using the economic software package PHDWin Petroleum Economic Evaluation Software, a copyrighted program of TRC Consultants L.C. The program was used at the request of Extraction. Ryder Scott has found this program to be generally acceptable, but notes that certain summaries and calculations may vary due to rounding and may not exactly match the sum of the properties being summarized. Furthermore, one line economic summaries may vary slightly from the more detailed cash flow projections of the same properties, also due to rounding. The rounding differences are not material.

 

The future gross revenue is after the deduction of production taxes. The deductions incorporate the normal direct costs of operating the wells, ad valorem taxes, development costs and certain abandonment costs net of salvage. The future net income is before the deduction state and federal income taxes and general administrative overhead, and has not been adjusted for outstanding loans that may exist nor does it include any adjustment for cash on hand or undistributed income.

 

Liquid hydrocarbon reserves account for approximately 85 percent and gas reserves account for the remaining 15 percent of total future gross revenue from proved reserves.

 

The discounted future net income shown above was calculated using a discount rate of 10 percent per annum compounded monthly. Future net income was discounted at four other discount rates which were also compounded monthly. These results are shown in summary form as follows.

 

RYDER SCOTT COMPANY PETROLEUM CONSULTANTS

 

2



 

 

 

Discounted Future Net Income ($M)

 

 

 

As of June 30, 2016

 

Discount Rate

 

Total

 

Percent

 

Proved

 

 

 

 

 

5

 

$

754,821

 

12

 

$

444,366

 

15

 

$

357,946

 

20

 

$

251,595

 

 

The results shown above are presented for your information and should not be construed as our estimate of fair market value.

 

Reserves Included in This Report

 

The proved reserves included herein conform to the definitions as set forth in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Regulations Part 210.4-10(a). An abridged version of the SEC reserves definitions from 210.4-10(a) entitled “Petroleum Reserves Definitions” is included as an attachment to this report.

 

The various reserve status categories are defined under the attachment entitled “Petroleum Reserves Status Definitions and Guidelines” in this report.

 

No attempt was made to quantify or otherwise account for any accumulated gas production imbalances that may exist. The proved gas volumes presented herein do not include volumes of gas consumed in operations as reserves.

 

Reserves are “estimated remaining quantities of oil and gas and related substances anticipated to be economically producible, as of a given date, by application of development projects to known accumulations.” All reserve estimates involve an assessment of the uncertainty relating the likelihood that the actual remaining quantities recovered will be greater or less than the estimated quantities determined as of the date the estimate is made. The uncertainty depends chiefly on the amount of reliable geologic and engineering data available at the time of the estimate and the interpretation of these data. The relative degree of uncertainty may be conveyed by placing reserves into one of two principal classifications, either proved or unproved. Unproved reserves are less certain to be recovered than proved reserves and may be further sub-classified as probable and possible reserves to denote progressively increasing uncertainty in their recoverability. At Extraction’s request, this report addresses only the proved reserves attributable to the properties evaluated herein.

 

Proved oil and gas reserves are “those quantities of oil and gas which, by analysis of geoscience and engineering data, can be estimated with reasonable certainty to be economically producible from a given date forward.” The proved reserves included herein were estimated using deterministic methods. The SEC has defined reasonable certainty for proved reserves, when based on deterministic methods, as a “high degree of confidence that the quantities will be recovered.”

 

Proved reserve estimates will generally be revised only as additional geologic or engineering data become available or as economic conditions change. For proved reserves, the SEC states that “as changes due to increased availability of geoscience (geological, geophysical, and geochemical), engineering, and economic data are made to the estimated ultimate recovery (EUR) with time, reasonably certain EUR is much more likely to increase or remain constant than to decrease.”

 

3



 

Moreover, estimates of proved reserves may be revised as a result of future operations, effects of regulation by governmental agencies or geopolitical or economic risks. Therefore, the proved reserves included in this report are estimates only and should not be construed as being exact quantities, and if recovered, the revenues therefrom, and the actual costs related thereto, could be more or less than the estimated amounts.

 

Extraction’s operations may be subject to various levels of governmental controls and regulations. These controls and regulations may include, but may not be limited to, matters relating to land tenure and leasing, the legal rights to produce hydrocarbons, drilling and production practices, environmental protection, marketing and pricing policies, royalties, various taxes and levies including income tax and are subject to change from time to time. Such changes in governmental regulations and policies may cause volumes of proved reserves actually recovered and amounts of proved income actually received to differ significantly from the estimated quantities.

 

The estimates of reserves presented herein were based upon a detailed study of the properties in which Extraction owns an interest; however, we have not made any field examination of the properties. No consideration was given in this report to potential environmental liabilities that may exist nor were any costs included for potential liabilities to restore and clean up damages, if any, caused by past operating practices.

 

Estimates of Reserves

 

The estimation of reserves involves two distinct determinations. The first determination results in the estimation of the quantities of recoverable oil and gas and the second determination results in the estimation of the uncertainty associated with those estimated quantities in accordance with the definitions set forth by the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Regulations Part 210.4-10(a). The process of estimating the quantities of recoverable oil and gas reserves relies on the use of certain generally accepted analytical procedures. These analytical procedures fall into three broad categories or methods: (1) performance-based methods, (2) volumetric-based methods and (3) analogy. These methods may be used individually or in combination by the reserve evaluator in the process of estimating the quantities of reserves. Reserve evaluators must select the method or combination of methods which in their professional judgment is most appropriate given the nature and amount of reliable geoscience and engineering data available at the time of the estimate, the established or anticipated performance characteristics of the reservoir being evaluated, and the stage of development or producing maturity of the property.

 

In many cases, the analysis of the available geoscience and engineering data and the subsequent interpretation of this data may indicate a range of possible outcomes in an estimate, irrespective of the method selected by the evaluator. When a range in the quantity of reserves is identified, the evaluator must determine the uncertainty associated with the incremental quantities of the reserves. If the reserve quantities are estimated using the deterministic incremental approach, the uncertainty for each discrete incremental quantity of the reserves is addressed by the reserve category assigned by the evaluator. Therefore, it is the categorization of reserve quantities as proved, probable and/or possible that addresses the inherent uncertainty in the estimated quantities reported. For proved reserves, uncertainty is defined by the SEC as reasonable certainty wherein the “quantities actually recovered are much more likely than not to be achieved.” The SEC states that “probable reserves are those additional reserves that are less certain to be recovered than proved reserves but which, together with proved reserves, are as likely as not to be recovered.” The SEC states that “possible reserves are those additional reserves that are less certain to be recovered than probable reserves and the total quantities ultimately recovered from a project have a low probability of exceeding

 

4



 

proved plus probable plus possible reserves.” All quantities of reserves within the same reserve category must meet the SEC definitions as noted above.

 

Estimates of reserves quantities and their associated reserve categories may be revised in the future as additional geoscience or engineering data become available. Furthermore, estimates of reserves quantities and their associated reserve categories may also be revised due to other factors such as changes in economic conditions, results of future operations, effects of regulation by governmental agencies or geopolitical or economic risks as previously noted herein.

 

The proved reserves for the properties included herein were estimated by performance methods or analogy. One hundred percent of the proved producing reserves attributable to producing wells and/or reservoirs were estimated by performance methods. These performance methods include decline curve analysis, which utilized extrapolations of historical production data available through April 2016 in those cases where such data were considered to be definitive. The data utilized in this analysis were furnished to Ryder Scott by Extraction and were considered sufficient for the purpose thereof.

 

One hundred percent of the proved undeveloped reserves included herein were estimated by analogy. The data utilized from the analogues were considered sufficient for the purpose thereof.

 

To estimate economically recoverable proved oil and gas reserves and related future net cash flows, we consider many factors and assumptions including, but not limited to, the use of reservoir parameters derived from geological, geophysical and engineering data which cannot be measured directly, economic criteria based on current costs and SEC pricing requirements, and forecasts of future production rates. Under the SEC regulations 210.4-10(a)(22)(v) and (26), proved reserves must be anticipated to be economically producible from a given date forward based on existing economic conditions including the prices and costs at which economic producibility from a reservoir is to be determined. While it may reasonably be anticipated that the future prices received for the sale of production and the operating costs and other costs relating to such production may increase or decrease from those under existing economic conditions, such changes were, in accordance with rules adopted by the SEC, omitted from consideration in making this evaluation.

 

Extraction has informed us that they have furnished us all of the material accounts, records, geological and engineering data, and reports and other data required for this investigation. In preparing our forecast of future proved production and income, we have relied upon data furnished by Extraction with respect to property interests owned, production and well tests from examined wells, normal direct costs of operating the wells or leases, ad valorem and production taxes, development costs, development plans, abandonment costs after salvage, product prices based on the SEC regulations, adjustments or differentials to product prices, geological structural and isochore maps, well logs, core analyses, and pressure measurements. Ryder Scott reviewed such factual data for its reasonableness; however, we have not conducted an independent verification of the data furnished by Extraction. We consider the factual data used in this report appropriate and sufficient for the purpose of preparing the estimates of reserves and future net revenues herein.

 

In summary, we consider the assumptions, data, methods and analytical procedures used in this report appropriate for the purpose hereof, and we have used all such methods and procedures that we consider necessary and appropriate to prepare the estimates of reserves herein. The proved reserves included herein were determined in conformance with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Modernization of Oil and Gas Reporting; Final Rule, including all references to Regulation S-X and Regulation S-K, referred to herein collectively as the “SEC Regulations.” In our opinion, the proved reserves presented in this report comply with the definitions, guidelines and disclosure requirements as required by the SEC regulations.

 

5



 

Future Production Rates

 

For wells currently on production, our forecasts of future production rates are based on historical performance data. If no production decline trend has been established, future production rates were held constant, or adjusted for the effects of curtailment where appropriate, until a decline in ability to produce was anticipated. An estimated rate of decline was then applied to depletion of the reserves. If a decline trend has been established, this trend was used as the basis for estimating future production rates.

 

Test data and other related information were used to estimate the anticipated initial production rates for those wells or locations that are not currently producing. For reserves not yet on production, sales were estimated to commence at an anticipated date furnished by Extraction. Wells or locations that are not currently producing may start producing earlier or later than anticipated in our estimates due to unforeseen factors causing a change in the timing to initiate production. Such factors may include delays due to weather, the availability of rigs, the sequence of drilling, completing and/or recompleting wells and/or constraints set by regulatory bodies.

 

The future production rates from wells currently on production or wells or locations that are not currently producing may be more or less than estimated because of changes including, but not limited to, reservoir performance, operating conditions related to surface facilities, compression and artificial lift, pipeline capacity and/or operating conditions, producing market demand and/or allowables or other constraints set by regulatory bodies.

 

Hydrocarbon Prices

 

The hydrocarbon prices used herein are based on SEC price parameters using the average prices during the 12-month period prior to the “as of date” of this report, determined as the unweighted arithmetic averages of the prices in effect on the first-day-of-the-month for each month within such period, unless prices were defined by contractual arrangements. For hydrocarbon products sold under contract, the contract prices, including fixed and determinable escalations, exclusive of inflation adjustments, were used until expiration of the contract. Upon contract expiration, the prices were adjusted to the 12-month unweighted arithmetic average as previously described.

 

Extraction furnished us with the above mentioned average prices in effect on June 30, 2016. These initial SEC hydrocarbon prices were determined using the 12-month average first-day-of-the-month benchmark prices appropriate to the geographic area where the hydrocarbons are sold. These benchmark prices are prior to the adjustments for differentials as described herein. The table below summarizes the “benchmark prices” and “price reference” used for the geographic area included in the report.

 

The product prices which were actually used to determine the future gross revenue for each property reflect adjustments to the benchmark prices for gravity, quality, local conditions, gathering and transportation and/or distance from market, referred to herein as “differentials.” The differentials used in the preparation of this report were furnished to us by Extraction. The differentials furnished to us were accepted as factual data and reviewed by us for their reasonableness; however, we have not conducted an independent verification of the data used by Extraction to determine these differentials.

 

In addition, the table below summarizes the net volume weighted benchmark prices adjusted for differentials and referred to herein as the “average realized prices.” The average realized prices shown in the table below were determined from the total future gross revenue before production taxes and the

 

6



 

total net reserves for the geographic area and presented in accordance with SEC disclosure requirements for each of the geographic areas included in the report.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average

 

Proved

 

 

 

 

Price

 

Benchmark

 

Realized

Geographic Area

 

Product

 

Reference

 

Prices

 

Prices

North America

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

United States

 

Oil/Condensate

 

WTI Cushing

 

$43.12/Bbl

 

$36.12/bbl

 

NGLs

 

WTI Cushing

 

$43.12/Bbl

 

$10.73/bbl

 

Gas

 

Colorado Interstate

 

$2.10/MMBTU

 

$1.60/Mcf

 

The effects of derivative instruments designated as price hedges of oil and gas quantities are not reflected in our individual property evaluations.

 

Costs

 

Operating costs for the leases and wells in this report were furnished by Extraction and are based on the operating expense reports of Extraction and include only those costs directly applicable to the leases or wells. The operating costs include a portion of general and administrative costs allocated directly to the leases and wells. The operating costs furnished to us were accepted as factual data and reviewed by us for their reasonableness; however, we have not conducted an independent verification of the operating cost data used by Extraction. No deduction was made for loan repayments, interest expenses, or exploration and development prepayments that were not charged directly to the leases or wells.

 

Development costs were furnished to us by Extraction and are based on authorizations for expenditure for the proposed work or actual costs for similar projects. The development costs furnished to us were accepted as factual data and reviewed by us for their reasonableness; however, we have not conducted an independent verification of these costs. The estimated net cost of abandonment after salvage was included for properties where abandonment costs net of salvage were significant. The estimates of the net abandonment costs furnished by Extraction were accepted without independent verification.

 

The proved undeveloped reserves in this report have been incorporated herein in accordance with Extraction’s plans to develop these reserves as of June 30, 2016. The implementation of Extraction’s development plans as presented to us and incorporated herein is subject to the approval process adopted by Extraction’s management. As the result of our inquiries during the course of preparing this report, Extraction has informed us that the development activities included herein have been subjected to and received the internal approvals required by Extraction’s management at the appropriate local, regional and/or corporate level. In addition to the internal approvals as noted, certain development activities may still be subject to specific partner AFE processes, Joint Operating Agreement (JOA) requirements or other administrative approvals external to Extraction. Additionally, Extraction has informed us that they are not aware of any legal, regulatory or political obstacles that would significantly alter their plans. While these plans could change from those under existing economic conditions as of June 30, 2016, such changes were, in accordance with rules adopted by the SEC, omitted from consideration in making this evaluation.

 

7


 

Current costs used by Extraction were held constant throughout the life of the properties.

 

Standards of Independence and Professional Qualification

 

Ryder Scott is an independent petroleum engineering consulting firm that has been providing petroleum consulting services throughout the world since 1937. Ryder Scott is employee-owned and maintains offices in Houston, Texas; Denver, Colorado; and Calgary, Alberta, Canada. We have over eighty engineers and geoscientists on our permanent staff. By virtue of the size of our firm and the large number of clients for which we provide services, no single client or job represents a material portion of our annual revenue. We do not serve as officers or directors of any privately-owned or publicly-traded oil and gas company and are separate and independent from the operating and investment decision-making process of our clients. This allows us to bring the highest level of independence and objectivity to each engagement for our services.

 

Ryder Scott actively participates in industry-related professional societies and organizes an annual public forum focused on the subject of reserves evaluations and SEC regulations. Many of our staff have authored or co-authored technical papers on the subject of reserves related topics. We encourage our staff to maintain and enhance their professional skills by actively participating in ongoing continuing education.

 

Prior to becoming an officer of the Company, Ryder Scott requires that staff engineers and geoscientists have received professional accreditation in the form of a registered or certified professional engineer’s license or a registered or certified professional geoscientist’s license, or the equivalent thereof, from an appropriate governmental authority or a recognized self-regulating professional organization.

 

We are independent petroleum engineers with respect to Extraction. Neither we nor any of our employees have any financial interest in the subject properties and neither the employment to do this work nor the compensation is contingent on our estimates of reserves for the properties which were reviewed.

 

The results of this study, presented herein, are based on technical analysis conducted by teams of geoscientists and engineers from Ryder Scott. The professional qualifications of the undersigned, the technical person primarily responsible for overseeing the evaluation of the reserves information discussed in this report, are included as an attachment to this letter.

 

Terms of Usage

 

The results of our third party study, presented in report form herein, were prepared in accordance with the disclosure requirements set forth in the SEC regulations and intended for public disclosure as an exhibit in filings made with the SEC by Extraction.

 

For filings made with the SEC under the 1933 Securities Act, we have provided our written consent for the references to our name as well as to the references to our third party report in the registration statement on Form S-1 by Extraction. Our consent for such use is included as a separate exhibit to the filings made with the SEC by Extraction.

 

8



 

We have provided Extraction with a digital version of the original signed copy of this report letter. In the event there are any differences between the digital version and the original signed report letter, the original signed report letter shall control and supersede the digital version.

 

The data and work papers used in the preparation of this report are available for examination by authorized parties in our offices. Please contact us if we can be of further service.

 

 

 

Very truly yours,

 

 

 

 

RYDER SCOTT COMPANY, L.P.

 

TBPE Firm Registration No. F-1580

 

 

 

/s/ James L. Baird

 

James L. Baird, P.E.

 

Colorado License No. 41521

 

Managing Senior Vice President

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Richard J. Marshall

 

 

Richard J. Marshall, P.E.

 

 

Colorado License No. 23260

JLB-RJM (FWZ)/pl

 

Vice President

 

9




Exhibit 99.6

 

MOUNTAINTOP MINERALS, LLC

 

Estimated

 

Future Reserves and Income

 

Attributable to Certain

 

Royalty Interests

 

SEC Parameters

 

As of

 

June 30, 2016

 

 

/s/ Richard J. Marshall

 

 

Richard J. Marshall, P.E.

 

Colorado License No. 23260

 

Vice President

 

 

 

RYDER SCOTT COMPANY, L.P.

 

TBPE Firm Registration No. F-1580

 

 

 

 

 

 

RYDER SCOTT COMPANY PETROLEUM CONSULTANTS

 



 

 

FAX (303) 623-4258

 

 

TBPE REGISTERED ENGINEERING FIRM F-1580

 

 

621 SEVENTEENTH STREET

SUITE 1550

DENVER, COLORADO 80293

TELEPHONE (303) 623-9147

 

August 10, 2016

 

Mountaintop Minerals, LLC

370 17 th  Street, Suite 5300

Denver, Colorado 80202

 

Gentlemen:

 

At your request, Ryder Scott Company, L.P. (Ryder Scott) has prepared an estimate of the proved, probable and possible reserves, future production, and income attributable to certain royalty interests of Mountaintop Minerals, LLC (Mountaintop) as of June 30, 2016. The subject properties are located in the state of Colorado. The reserves and income data were estimated based on the definitions and disclosure guidelines of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) contained in Title 17, Code of Federal Regulations, Modernization of Oil and Gas Reporting, Final Rule released January 14, 2009 in the Federal Register (SEC regulations). Our third party study, completed on August 10, 2016 and presented herein, was prepared in accordance with the disclosure requirements set forth in the SEC regulations.

 

The properties evaluated by Ryder Scott represent 100 percent of the total net proved, probable and possible liquid hydrocarbon reserves and 100 percent of the total net proved, probable and possible gas reserves of Mountaintop as of June 30, 2016.

 

The estimated reserves and future net income amounts presented in this report, as of June 30, 2016 are related to hydrocarbon prices. The hydrocarbon prices used in the preparation of this report are based on the average prices during the 12-month period prior to the “as of date” of this report, determined as the unweighted arithmetic averages of the prices in effect on the first-day-of-the-month for each month within such period, unless prices were defined by contractual arrangements, as required by the SEC regulations. Actual future prices may vary significantly from the prices required by SEC regulations; therefore, volumes of reserves actually recovered and the amounts of income actually received may differ significantly from the estimated quantities presented in this report. The results of this study are summarized as follows.

 

1100 LOUISIANA, SUITE 4600

HOUSTON, TEXAS 77002-5218

TEL (713) 651-9191

FAX (713) 651-0849

1015 4TH STREET S.W., SUITE 600

CALGARY, ALBERTA T2A 1J4

TEL (403) 262-2799

FAX (403) 262-2790

 



 

SEC PARAMETERS

Estimated Net Reserves and Income Data

Certain Royalty Interests of

Mountaintop Minerals, LLC

As of June 30, 2016

 

 

 

Proved

 

 

 

Developed

 

 

 

Total

 

 

 

Producing

 

Undeveloped

 

Proved

 

Net Remaininq Reserves

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oil/Condensate — Mbbl

 

128

 

174

 

302

 

Plant Products — Mbbl

 

78

 

110

 

188

 

Gas — MMcf

 

610

 

881

 

1,491

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income Data ($M)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Future Gross Revenue

 

$

6,527

 

$

8,394

 

$

14,921

 

Deductions

 

593

 

763

 

1,356

 

Future Net Income (FNI)

 

$

5,934

 

$

7,631

 

$

13,565

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Discounted FNI @ 10%

 

$

4,170

 

$

4,099

 

$

8,269

 

 

 

 

Total

 

Total

 

 

 

Probable Reserves

 

Possible Reserves

 

 

 

Undeveloped

 

Undeveloped

 

Net Remaininq Reserves

 

 

 

 

 

Oil/Condensate — Mbbl

 

146

 

3

 

Plant Products — Mbbl

 

96

 

2

 

Gas — MMcf

 

771

 

19

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income Data ($M)

 

 

 

 

 

Future Gross Revenue

 

$

7,063

 

$

164

 

Deductions

 

642

 

15

 

Future Net Income (FNI)

 

$

6,421

 

$

149

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Discounted FNI @ 10%

 

$

3,263

 

$

68

 

 

Liquid hydrocarbons are expressed in thousands of standard 42 gallon barrels (Mbbl). All gas volumes are reported on an “as sold basis” expressed in millions of cubic feet (MMcf) at the official temperature and pressure bases of the areas in which the gas reserves are located. In this report, the revenues, deductions, and income data are expressed as thousands of U.S. dollars ($M).

 

The estimates of the reserves, future production, and income attributable to properties in this report were prepared using the economic software package PHDWin Petroleum Economic Evaluation Software, a copyrighted program of TRC Consultants L.C. The program was used at the request of Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC (Extraction), the operator. Ryder Scott has found this program to be generally acceptable, but notes that certain summaries and calculations may vary due to rounding and may not exactly match the sum of the properties being summarized. Furthermore, one line economic summaries may vary slightly from the more detailed cash flow projections of the same properties, also due to rounding. The rounding differences are not material.

 

RYDER SCOTT COMPANY PETROLEUM CONSULTANTS

 

2



 

The future gross revenue is after the deduction of production taxes. The deductions incorporate ad valorem taxes. The future net income is before the deduction state and federal income taxes and general administrative overhead, and has not been adjusted for outstanding loans that may exist nor does it include any adjustment for cash on hand or undistributed income.

 

Liquid hydrocarbon reserves account for approximately 87 percent and gas reserves account for the remaining 13 percent of total future gross revenue from proved reserves. Liquid hydrocarbon reserves account for approximately 90 percent and gas reserves account for the remaining 10 percent of total future gross revenue from probable reserves. Liquid hydrocarbon reserves account for approximately 90 percent and gas reserves account for the remaining 10 percent of total future gross revenue from possible reserves.

 

The discounted future net income shown above was calculated using a discount rate of 10 percent per annum compounded monthly. Future net income was discounted at four other discount rates which were also compounded monthly. These results are shown in summary form as follows.

 

 

 

 

Discounted Future Net Income ($M)

 

 

 

As of June 30, 2016

 

Discount Rate

 

Total

 

Total

 

Total

 

Percent

 

Proved

 

Probable

 

Possible

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5

 

$

10,376

 

$

4,493

 

$

99

 

12

 

$

7,623

 

$

2,897

 

$

59

 

15

 

$

6,807

 

$

2,442

 

$

48

 

20

 

$

5,750

 

$

1,873

 

$

35

 

 

The results shown above are presented for your information and should not be construed as our estimate of fair market value.

 

Reserves Included in This Report

 

The proved, probable and possible reserves included herein conform to the definitions as set forth in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Regulations Part 210.4-10(a). An abridged version of the SEC reserves definitions from 210.4-10(a) entitled “Petroleum Reserves Definitions” is included as an attachment to this report.

 

The various reserve status categories are defined under the attachment entitled “Petroleum Reserves Status Definitions and Guidelines” in this report.

 

No attempt was made to quantify or otherwise account for any accumulated gas production imbalances that may exist. The proved, probable and possible gas volumes presented herein do not include volumes of gas consumed in operations as reserves.

 

Reserves are “estimated remaining quantities of oil and gas and related substances anticipated to be economically producible, as of a given date, by application of development projects to known accumulations.” All reserve estimates involve an assessment of the uncertainty relating the likelihood that the actual remaining quantities recovered will be greater or less than the estimated quantities determined as of the date the estimate is made. The uncertainty depends chiefly on the amount of reliable geologic and engineering data available at the time of the estimate and the interpretation of these data. The relative degree of uncertainty may be conveyed by placing reserves into one of two

 

3



 

principal classifications, either proved or unproved. Unproved reserves are less certain to be recovered than proved reserves and may be further sub-classified as probable and possible reserves to denote progressively increasing uncertainty in their recoverability. At Mountaintop’s request, this report addresses the proved, probable and possible reserves attributable to the properties evaluated herein.

 

Proved oil and gas reserves are “those quantities of oil and gas which, by analysis of geoscience and engineering data, can be estimated with reasonable certainty to be economically producible from a given date forward.” The SEC has defined reasonable certainty for proved reserves, when based on deterministic methods, as a “high degree of confidence that the quantities will be recovered.” Probable reserves are “those additional reserves that are less certain to be recovered than proved reserves but which, together with proved reserves, are as likely as not to be recovered.” Possible reserves are “those additional reserves which are less certain to be recovered than probable reserves” and thus the probability of achieving or exceeding the proved plus probable plus possible reserves is low.

 

The reserves included herein were estimated using deterministic methods and presented as incremental quantities. Under the deterministic incremental approach, discrete quantities of reserves are estimated and assigned separately as proved, probable or possible based on their individual level of uncertainty. Because of the differences in uncertainty, caution should be exercised when aggregating quantities of oil and gas from different reserves categories. Furthermore, the reserves and income quantities attributable to the different reserve categories that are included herein have not been adjusted to reflect these varying degrees of risk associated with them and thus are not comparable.

 

Reserve estimates will generally be revised only as additional geologic or engineering data become available or as economic conditions change. For proved reserves, the SEC states that “as changes due to increased availability of geoscience (geological, geophysical, and geochemical), engineering, and economic data are made to the estimated ultimate recovery (EUR) with time, reasonably certain EUR is much more likely to increase or remain constant than to decrease.” Moreover, estimates of proved, probable and possible reserves may be revised as a result of future operations, effects of regulation by governmental agencies or geopolitical or economic risks. Therefore, the proved, probable and possible reserves included in this report are estimates only and should not be construed as being exact quantities, and if recovered, the revenues therefrom, and the actual costs related thereto, could be more or less than the estimated amounts.

 

Mountaintop’s operations may be subject to various levels of governmental controls and regulations. These controls and regulations may include, but may not be limited to, matters relating to land tenure and leasing, the legal rights to produce hydrocarbons, drilling and production practices, environmental protection, marketing and pricing policies, royalties, various taxes and levies including income tax and are subject to change from time to time. Such changes in governmental regulations and policies may cause volumes of proved, probable and possible reserves actually recovered and amounts of proved, probable and possible income actually received to differ significantly from the estimated quantities.

 

The estimates of reserves presented herein were based upon a detailed study of the properties in which Mountaintop owns an interest; however, we have not made any field examination of the properties. No consideration was given in this report to potential environmental liabilities that may exist nor were any costs included for potential liabilities to restore and clean up damages, if any, caused by past operating practices.

 

4



 

Estimates of Reserves

 

The estimation of reserves involves two distinct determinations. The first determination results in the estimation of the quantities of recoverable oil and gas and the second determination results in the estimation of the uncertainty associated with those estimated quantities in accordance with the definitions set forth by the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Regulations Part 210.4-10(a). The process of estimating the quantities of recoverable oil and gas reserves relies on the use of certain generally accepted analytical procedures. These analytical procedures fall into three broad categories or methods: (1) performance-based methods, (2) volumetric-based methods and (3) analogy. These methods may be used individually or in combination by the reserve evaluator in the process of estimating the quantities of reserves. Reserve evaluators must select the method or combination of methods which in their professional judgment is most appropriate given the nature and amount of reliable geoscience and engineering data available at the time of the estimate, the established or anticipated performance characteristics of the reservoir being evaluated, and the stage of development or producing maturity of the property.

 

In many cases, the analysis of the available geoscience and engineering data and the subsequent interpretation of this data may indicate a range of possible outcomes in an estimate, irrespective of the method selected by the evaluator. When a range in the quantity of reserves is identified, the evaluator must determine the uncertainty associated with the incremental quantities of the reserves. If the reserve quantities are estimated using the deterministic incremental approach, the uncertainty for each discrete incremental quantity of the reserves is addressed by the reserve category assigned by the evaluator. Therefore, it is the categorization of reserve quantities as proved, probable and/or possible that addresses the inherent uncertainty in the estimated quantities reported. For proved reserves, uncertainty is defined by the SEC as reasonable certainty wherein the “quantities actually recovered are much more likely than not to be achieved.” The SEC states that “probable reserves are those additional reserves that are less certain to be recovered than proved reserves but which, together with proved reserves, are as likely as not to be recovered.” The SEC states that “possible reserves are those additional reserves that are less certain to be recovered than probable reserves and the total quantities ultimately recovered from a project have a low probability of exceeding proved plus probable plus possible reserves.” All quantities of reserves within the same reserve category must meet the SEC definitions as noted above.

 

Estimates of reserves quantities and their associated reserve categories may be revised in the future as additional geoscience or engineering data become available. Furthermore, estimates of reserves quantities and their associated reserve categories may also be revised due to other factors such as changes in economic conditions, results of future operations, effects of regulation by governmental agencies or geopolitical or economic risks as previously noted herein.

 

The proved, probable and possible reserves for the properties included herein were estimated by performance methods or analogy. One hundred percent of the proved producing reserves attributable to producing wells and/or reservoirs were estimated by performance methods. These performance methods include decline curve analysis, which utilized extrapolations of historical production data available through April 2016 in those cases where such data were considered to be definitive. The data utilized in this analysis were furnished to Ryder Scott by Extraction and were considered sufficient for the purpose thereof.

 

One hundred percent of the proved, probable and possible undeveloped reserves included herein were estimated by analogy. The data utilized from the analogues were considered sufficient for the purpose thereof.

 

5



 

To estimate economically recoverable proved, probable and possible oil and gas reserves and related future net cash flows, we consider many factors and assumptions including, but not limited to, the use of reservoir parameters derived from geological, geophysical and engineering data which cannot be measured directly, economic criteria based on current costs and SEC pricing requirements, and forecasts of future production rates. Under the SEC regulations 210.4-10(a)(22)(v) and (26), proved, probable and possible reserves must be anticipated to be economically producible from a given date forward based on existing economic conditions including the prices and costs at which economic producibility from a reservoir is to be determined. While it may reasonably be anticipated that the future prices received for the sale of production and the operating costs and other costs relating to such production may increase or decrease from those under existing economic conditions, such changes were, in accordance with rules adopted by the SEC, omitted from consideration in making this evaluation.

 

Extraction has informed us that they have furnished us all of the material accounts, records, geological and engineering data, and reports and other data required for this investigation. In preparing our forecast of future proved, probable and possible production and income, we have relied upon data furnished by Extraction with respect to property interests owned, production and well tests from examined wells, normal direct costs of operating the wells or leases, ad valorem and production taxes, development costs, development plans, abandonment costs after salvage, product prices based on the SEC regulations, adjustments or differentials to product prices, geological structural and isochore maps, well logs, core analyses, and pressure measurements. Ryder Scott reviewed such factual data for its reasonableness; however, we have not conducted an independent verification of the data furnished by Extraction. We consider the factual data used in this report appropriate and sufficient for the purpose of preparing the estimates of reserves and future net revenues herein.

 

In summary, we consider the assumptions, data, methods and analytical procedures used in this report appropriate for the purpose hereof, and we have used all such methods and procedures that we consider necessary and appropriate to prepare the estimates of reserves herein. The proved, probable and possible reserves included herein were determined in conformance with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Modernization of Oil and Gas Reporting; Final Rule, including all references to Regulation S-X and Regulation S-K, referred to herein collectively as the “SEC Regulations.” In our opinion, the proved, probable and possible reserves presented in this report comply with the definitions, guidelines and disclosure requirements as required by the SEC regulations.

 

Future Production Rates

 

For wells currently on production, our forecasts of future production rates are based on historical performance data. If no production decline trend has been established, future production rates were held constant, or adjusted for the effects of curtailment where appropriate, until a decline in ability to produce was anticipated. An estimated rate of decline was then applied to depletion of the reserves. If a decline trend has been established, this trend was used as the basis for estimating future production rates.

 

Test data and other related information were used to estimate the anticipated initial production rates for those wells or locations that are not currently producing. For reserves not yet on production, sales were estimated to commence at an anticipated date furnished by Extraction. Wells or locations that are not currently producing may start producing earlier or later than anticipated in our estimates due to unforeseen factors causing a change in the timing to initiate production. Such factors may include delays due to weather, the availability of rigs, the sequence of drilling, completing and/or recompleting wells and/or constraints set by regulatory bodies.

 

6



 

The future production rates from wells currently on production or wells or locations that are not currently producing may be more or less than estimated because of changes including, but not limited to, reservoir performance, operating conditions related to surface facilities, compression and artificial lift, pipeline capacity and/or operating conditions, producing market demand and/or allowables or other constraints set by regulatory bodies.

 

Hydrocarbon Prices

 

The hydrocarbon prices used herein are based on SEC price parameters using the average prices during the 12-month period prior to the “as of date” of this report, determined as the unweighted arithmetic averages of the prices in effect on the first-day-of-the-month for each month within such period, unless prices were defined by contractual arrangements. For hydrocarbon products sold under contract, the contract prices, including fixed and determinable escalations, exclusive of inflation adjustments, were used until expiration of the contract. Upon contract expiration, the prices were adjusted to the 12-month unweighted arithmetic average as previously described.

 

Extraction furnished us with the above mentioned average prices in effect on June 30, 2016. These initial SEC hydrocarbon prices were determined using the 12-month average first-day-of-the-month benchmark prices appropriate to the geographic area where the hydrocarbons are sold. These benchmark prices are prior to the adjustments for differentials as described herein. The table below summarizes the “benchmark prices” and “price reference” used for the geographic area included in the report.

 

The product prices which were actually used to determine the future gross revenue for each property reflect adjustments to the benchmark prices for gravity, quality, local conditions, gathering and transportation fees and/or distance from market, referred to herein as “differentials.” The differentials used in the preparation of this report were furnished to us by Extraction. The differentials furnished to us were accepted as factual data and reviewed by us for their reasonableness; however, we have not conducted an independent verification of the data used by Extraction to determine these differentials.

 

In addition, the table below summarizes the net volume weighted benchmark prices adjusted for differentials and referred to herein as the “average realized prices.” The average realized prices shown in the table below were determined from the total future gross revenue before production taxes and the total net reserves by reserve category for the geographic area and presented in accordance with SEC disclosure requirements for each of the geographic areas included in the report.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Avg

 

Avg

 

Avg

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Avg

 

Proved

 

Probable

 

Possible

 

Geographic

 

 

 

Price

 

Benchmark

 

Realized

 

Realized

 

Realized

 

Area

 

Product

 

Reference

 

Prices

 

Prices

 

Prices

 

Prices

 

North America

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oil/Condensate

 

WTI
Cushing

 

$43.12/Bbl

 

$36.12/bbl

 

$36.12/bbl

 

$36.12/bbl

 

United States

 

NGLs

 

WTI
Cushing

 

$43.12/Bbl

 

$11.60/bbl

 

$12.37/bbl

 

$12.46/bbl

 

 

 

 

Gas

 

Colorado
Interstate

 

$2.10/MMBTU

 

$1.32/Mcf

 

$0.89/Mcf

 

$0.85/Mcf

 

 

7


 

The effects of derivative instruments designated as price hedges of oil and gas quantities are not reflected in our individual property evaluations.

 

Costs

 

Operating costs for the leases and wells in this report were furnished by Extraction and are based on the operating expense reports of Extraction and include only those costs directly applicable to the leases or wells. The operating costs include a portion of general and administrative costs allocated directly to the leases and wells. The operating costs furnished to us were accepted as factual data and reviewed by us for their reasonableness; however, we have not conducted an independent verification of the operating cost data used by Extraction. As these are royalty interests, the operating costs were only used to determine economic limits. No deduction was made for loan repayments, interest expenses, or exploration and development prepayments that were not charged directly to the leases or wells.

 

Development costs were furnished to us by Extraction and are based on authorizations for expenditure for the proposed work or actual costs for similar projects. The development costs furnished to us were accepted as factual data and reviewed by us for their reasonableness; however, we have not conducted an independent verification of these costs. The estimated net cost of abandonment after salvage was included for properties where abandonment costs net of salvage were significant. The estimates of the net abandonment costs furnished by Extraction were accepted without independent verification. As these are royalty interests, development costs and abandonment costs are not shown.

 

The proved, probable and possible undeveloped reserves in this report have been incorporated herein in accordance with Extraction’s plans to develop these reserves as of June 30, 2016. The implementation of Extraction’s development plans as presented to us and incorporated herein is subject to the approval process adopted by Extraction’s management. As the result of our inquiries during the course of preparing this report, Extraction has informed us that the development activities included herein have been subjected to and received the internal approvals required by Extraction’s management at the appropriate local, regional and/or corporate level. In addition to the internal approvals as noted, certain development activities may still be subject to specific partner AFE processes, Joint Operating Agreement (JOA) requirements or other administrative approvals external to Extraction. Additionally, Extraction has informed us that they are not aware of any legal, regulatory or political obstacles that would significantly alter their plans. While these plans could change from those under existing economic conditions as of June 30, 2016, such changes were, in accordance with rules adopted by the SEC, omitted from consideration in making this evaluation.

 

Current costs used by Extraction were held constant throughout the life of the properties.

 

Standards of Independence and Professional Qualification

 

Ryder Scott is an independent petroleum engineering consulting firm that has been providing petroleum consulting services throughout the world since 1937. Ryder Scott is employee-owned and maintains offices in Houston, Texas; Denver, Colorado; and Calgary, Alberta, Canada. We have over eighty engineers and geoscientists on our permanent staff. By virtue of the size of our firm and the large number of clients for which we provide services, no single client or job represents a material portion of our annual revenue. We do not serve as officers or directors of any privately-owned or publicly-traded oil and gas company and are separate and independent from the operating and investment decision-making process of our clients. This allows us to bring the highest level of independence and objectivity to each engagement for our services.

 

8



 

Ryder Scott actively participates in industry-related professional societies and organizes an annual public forum focused on the subject of reserves evaluations and SEC regulations. Many of our staff have authored or co-authored technical papers on the subject of reserves related topics. We encourage our staff to maintain and enhance their professional skills by actively participating in ongoing continuing education.

 

Prior to becoming an officer of the Company, Ryder Scott requires that staff engineers and geoscientists have received professional accreditation in the form of a registered or certified professional engineer’s license or a registered or certified professional geoscientist’s license, or the equivalent thereof, from an appropriate governmental authority or a recognized self-regulating professional organization.

 

We are independent petroleum engineers with respect to Mountaintop. Neither we nor any of our employees have any financial interest in the subject properties and neither the employment to do this work nor the compensation is contingent on our estimates of reserves for the properties which were reviewed.

 

The results of this study, presented herein, are based on technical analysis conducted by teams of geoscientists and engineers from Ryder Scott. The professional qualifications of the undersigned, the technical person primarily responsible for overseeing the evaluation of the reserves information discussed in this report, are included as an attachment to this letter.

 

Terms of Usage

 

The results of our third party study, presented in report form herein, were prepared in accordance with the disclosure requirements set forth in the SEC regulations.

 

We have provided Mountaintop Minerals, LLC with a digital version of the original signed copy of this report letter. In the event there are any differences between the digital version and the original signed report letter, the original signed report letter shall control and supersede the digital version.

 

The data and work papers used in the preparation of this report are available for examination by authorized parties in our offices. Please contact us if we can be of further service.

 

 

Very truly yours,

 

 

 

RYDER SCOTT COMPANY, L.P.

 

TBPE Firm Registration No. F-1580

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Richard J. Marshall

 

Richard J. Marshall, P.E.

 

Colorado License No. 23260

 

Vice President

 

RJM (DPR)/pl

 

9




Exhibit 99.7

 

EXTRACTION OIL & GAS, LLC

 

Estimated

 

Future Reserves and Income

 

Attributable to Certain

 

Leasehold Interests

 

8 North, LLC

 

SEC Parameters

 

As of

 

June 30, 2016

 

/s/ James L. Baird

 

/s/ Richard J. Marshall

James L. Baird, P.E.

 

Richard J. Marshall, P.E.

Colorado License No. 41521

 

Colorado License No. 23260

Managing Senior Vice President

 

Vice President

 

RYDER SCOTT COMPANY, L.P.

TBPE Firm Registration No. F-1580

 

RYDER SCOTT COMPANY PETROLEUM CONSULTANTS

 



 

 

FAX (303) 623-4258

TBPE REGISTERED ENGINEERING FIRM F-1580

 

 

621 SEVENTEENTH STREET

SUITE 1550

DENVER, COLORADO 80293

TELEPHONE (303) 623-9147

 

August 2, 2016

 

Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC

370 17 th  Street, Suite 5300

Denver, Colorado 80202

 

Gentlemen:

 

At your request, Ryder Scott Company, L.P. (Ryder Scott) has prepared an estimate of the proved producing reserves, future production and income attributable to certain leasehold interests of 8 North, LLC (8 North) as of June 30, 2016. 8 North is a wholly owned subsidiary of Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC (Extraction). The subject properties are located in the state of Colorado. The reserves and income data were estimated based on the definitions and disclosure guidelines of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) contained in Title 17, Code of Federal Regulations, Modernization of Oil and Gas Reporting, Final Rule released January 14, 2009 in the Federal Register (SEC regulations). Our third party study, completed on August 2, 2016 and presented herein, was prepared for public disclosure by Extraction in filings made with the SEC in accordance with the disclosure requirements set forth in the SEC regulations.

 

The properties evaluated by Ryder Scott represent 100 percent of the total net proved producing liquid hydrocarbon reserves and 100 percent of the total net proved producing gas reserves of 8 North as of June 30, 2016.

 

The estimated reserves and future net income amounts presented in this report, as of June 30, 2016 are related to hydrocarbon prices. The hydrocarbon prices used in the preparation of this report are based on the average prices during the 12-month period prior to the “as of date” of this report, determined as the unweighted arithmetic averages of the prices in effect on the first-day-of-the-month for each month within such period, unless prices were defined by contractual arrangements, as required by the SEC regulations. Actual future prices may vary significantly from the prices required by SEC regulations; therefore, volumes of reserves actually recovered and the amounts of income actually received may differ significantly from the estimated quantities presented in this report. The results of this study are summarized as follows.

 

1100 LOUISIANA, SUITE 4600

HOUSTON, TEXAS 77002-5218

TEL (713) 651-9191

FAX (713) 651-0849

1015 4TH STREET S.W., SUITE 600

CALGARY, ALBERTA T2R 1J4

TEL (403) 262-2799

FAX (403) 262-2790

 



 

SEC PARAMETERS

Estimated Net Reserves and Income Data

Certain Leasehold Interests of

8 North, LLC

As of June 30, 2016

 

 

 

Proved

 

 

 

Developed

 

 

 

Producing

 

Net Remaining Reserves

 

 

 

Oil/Condensate — Mbbl

 

363

 

Plant Products — Mbbl

 

103

 

Gas — MMcf

 

741

 

 

 

 

 

Income Data ($M)

 

 

 

Future Gross Revenue

 

$

15,029

 

Deductions

 

11,174

 

Future Net Income (FNI)

 

$

3,855

 

 

 

 

 

Discounted FNI @ 10%

 

$

3,548

 

 

Liquid hydrocarbons are expressed in thousands of standard 42 gallon barrels (Mbbl). All gas volumes are reported on an “as sold basis” expressed in millions of cubic feet (MMcf) at the official temperature and pressure bases of the areas in which the gas reserves are located. In this report, the revenues, deductions, and income data are expressed as thousands of U.S. dollars ($M).

 

The estimates of the reserves, future production, and income attributable to properties in this report were prepared using the economic software package PHDWin Petroleum Economic Evaluation Software, a copyrighted program of TRC Consultants L.C. The program was used at the request of Extraction. Ryder Scott has found this program to be generally acceptable, but notes that certain summaries and calculations may vary due to rounding and may not exactly match the sum of the properties being summarized. Furthermore, one line economic summaries may vary slightly from the more detailed cash flow projections of the same properties, also due to rounding. The rounding differences are not material.

 

The future gross revenue is after the deduction of production taxes. The deductions incorporate the normal direct costs of operating the wells with proved producing reserves, ad valorem taxes and certain abandonment costs net of salvage. The future net income is before the deduction of state and federal income taxes and general administrative overhead, and has not been adjusted for outstanding loans that may exist nor does it include any adjustment for cash on hand or undistributed income.

 

Liquid hydrocarbon reserves account for approximately 93 percent and gas reserves account for the remaining 7 percent of total future gross revenue from proved reserves.

 

The discounted future net income shown above was calculated using a discount rate of 10 percent per annum compounded monthly. Future net income was discounted at four other discount rates which were also compounded monthly. These results are shown in summary form as follows.

 

RYDER SCOTT COMPANY PETROLEUM CONSULTANTS

 

2



 

 

 

Discounted Future Net Income ($M)

 

 

 

As of June 30, 2016

 

Discount Rate

 

Total

 

Percent

 

Proved

 

 

 

 

 

 

5

 

 

$

3,712

 

12

 

 

$

3,481

 

15

 

 

$

3,382

 

20

 

 

$

3,226

 

 

The results shown above are presented for your information and should not be construed as our estimate of fair market value.

 

Reserves Included in This Report

 

The proved producing reserves included herein conform to the definitions as set forth in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Regulations Part 210.4-10(a). An abridged version of the SEC reserves definitions from 210.4-10(a) entitled “Petroleum Reserves Definitions” is included as an attachment to this report.

 

The various reserve status categories are defined under the attachment entitled “Petroleum Reserves Status Definitions and Guidelines” in this report.

 

No attempt was made to quantify or otherwise account for any accumulated gas production imbalances that may exist. The proved volumes presented herein do not include volumes of gas consumed in operations as reserves.

 

Reserves are “estimated remaining quantities of oil and gas and related substances anticipated to be economically producible, as of a given date, by application of development projects to known accumulations.” All reserve estimates involve an assessment of the uncertainty relating the likelihood that the actual remaining quantities recovered will be greater or less than the estimated quantities determined as of the date the estimate is made. The uncertainty depends chiefly on the amount of reliable geologic and engineering data available at the time of the estimate and the interpretation of these data. The relative degree of uncertainty may be conveyed by placing reserves into one of two principal classifications, either proved or unproved. Unproved reserves are less certain to be recovered than proved reserves and may be further sub-classified as probable and possible reserves to denote progressively increasing uncertainty in their recoverability. At 8 North’s request, this report addresses only the proved producing reserves attributable to the properties evaluated herein.

 

Proved oil and gas reserves are “those quantities of oil and gas which, by analysis of geoscience and engineering data, can be estimated with reasonable certainty to be economically producible from a given date forward.” The reserves included herein were estimated using deterministic methods. The SEC has defined reasonable certainty for proved reserves, when based on deterministic methods, as a “high degree of confidence that the quantities will be recovered.”

 

Proved reserve estimates will generally be revised only as additional geologic or engineering data become available or as economic conditions change. For proved reserves, the SEC states that “as changes due to increased availability of geoscience (geological, geophysical, and geochemical), engineering, and economic data are made to the estimated ultimate recovery (EUR) with time, reasonably certain EUR is much more likely to increase or remain constant than to decrease.”

 

3



 

Moreover, estimates of proved reserves may be revised as a result of future operations, effects of regulation by governmental agencies or geopolitical or economic risks. Therefore, the proved reserves included in this report are estimates only and should not be construed as being exact quantities, and if recovered, the revenues therefrom, and the actual costs related thereto, could be more or less than the estimated amounts.

 

Extraction’s operations may be subject to various levels of governmental controls and regulations. These controls and regulations may include, but may not be limited to, matters relating to land tenure and leasing, the legal rights to produce hydrocarbons, drilling and production practices, environmental protection, marketing and pricing policies, royalties, various taxes and levies including income tax and are subject to change from time to time. Such changes in governmental regulations and policies may cause volumes of proved reserves actually recovered and amounts of proved income actually received to differ significantly from the estimated quantities.

 

The estimates of proved reserves presented herein were based upon a detailed study of the properties in which 8 North owns an interest; however, we have not made any field examination of the properties. No consideration was given in this report to potential environmental liabilities that may exist nor were any costs included for potential liabilities to restore and clean up damages, if any, caused by past operating practices.

 

Estimates of Reserves

 

The estimation of reserves involves two distinct determinations. The first determination results in the estimation of the quantities of recoverable oil and gas and the second determination results in the estimation of the uncertainty associated with those estimated quantities in accordance with the definitions set forth by the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Regulations Part 210.4-10(a). The process of estimating the quantities of recoverable oil and gas reserves relies on the use of certain generally accepted analytical procedures. These analytical procedures fall into three broad categories or methods: (1) performance-based methods, (2) volumetric-based methods and (3) analogy. These methods may be used individually or in combination by the reserve evaluator in the process of estimating the quantities of reserves. Reserve evaluators must select the method or combination of methods which in their professional judgment is most appropriate given the nature and amount of reliable geoscience and engineering data available at the time of the estimate, the established or anticipated performance characteristics of the reservoir being evaluated, and the stage of development or producing maturity of the property.

 

In many cases, the analysis of the available geoscience and engineering data and the subsequent interpretation of this data may indicate a range of possible outcomes in an estimate, irrespective of the method selected by the evaluator. When a range in the quantity of reserves is identified, the evaluator must determine the uncertainty associated with the incremental quantities of the reserves. If the reserve quantities are estimated using the deterministic incremental approach, the uncertainty for each discrete incremental quantity of the reserves is addressed by the reserve category assigned by the evaluator. Therefore, it is the categorization of reserve quantities as proved, probable and/or possible that addresses the inherent uncertainty in the estimated quantities reported. For proved reserves, uncertainty is defined by the SEC as reasonable certainty wherein the “quantities actually recovered are much more likely than not to be achieved.” The SEC states that “probable reserves are those additional reserves that are less certain to be recovered than proved reserves but which, together with proved reserves, are as likely as not to be recovered.” The SEC states that “possible reserves are those additional reserves that are less certain to be recovered than probable reserves and the total quantities ultimately recovered from a project have a low probability of exceeding

 

4



 

proved plus probable plus possible reserves.” All quantities of reserves within the same reserve category must meet the SEC definitions as noted above.

 

Estimates of reserves quantities and their associated reserve categories may be revised in the future as additional geoscience or engineering data become available. Furthermore, estimates of reserves quantities and their associated reserve categories may also be revised due to other factors such as changes in economic conditions, results of future operations, effects of regulation by governmental agencies or geopolitical or economic risks as previously noted herein.

 

All of the proved producing reserves for the properties included herein were estimated by performance methods. These performance methods include decline curve analysis, which utilized extrapolations of historical production data available through April 2016 in those cases where such data were considered to be definitive. The data utilized in this analysis were furnished to Ryder Scott by Extraction and were considered sufficient for the purpose thereof.

 

To estimate economically recoverable proved oil and gas reserves and related future net cash flows, we consider many factors and assumptions including, but not limited to, the use of reservoir parameters derived from geological, geophysical and engineering data which cannot be measured directly, economic criteria based on current costs and SEC pricing requirements, and forecasts of future production rates. Under the SEC regulations 210.4-10(a)(22)(v) and (26), proved reserves must be anticipated to be economically producible from a given date forward based on existing economic conditions including the prices and costs at which economic producibility from a reservoir is to be determined. While it may reasonably be anticipated that the future prices received for the sale of production and the operating costs and other costs relating to such production may increase or decrease from those under existing economic conditions, such changes were, in accordance with rules adopted by the SEC, omitted from consideration in making this evaluation.

 

Extraction has informed us that they have furnished us all of the material accounts, records, geological and engineering data, and reports and other data required for this investigation. In preparing our forecast of future proved production and income, we have relied upon data furnished by Extraction with respect to property interests owned, production and well tests from examined wells, normal direct costs of operating the wells or leases, ad valorem and production taxes, abandonment costs after salvage, product prices based on the SEC regulations, and adjustments or differentials to product prices. Ryder Scott reviewed such factual data for its reasonableness; however, we have not conducted an independent verification of the data furnished by Extraction. We consider the factual data used in this report appropriate and sufficient for the purpose of preparing the estimates of reserves and future net revenues herein.

 

In summary, we consider the assumptions, data, methods and analytical procedures used in this report appropriate for the purpose hereof, and we have used all such methods and procedures that we consider necessary and appropriate to prepare the estimates of reserves herein. The proved reserves included herein were determined in conformance with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Modernization of Oil and Gas Reporting; Final Rule, including all references to Regulation S-X and Regulation S-K, referred to herein collectively as the “SEC Regulations.” In our opinion, the proved reserves presented in this report comply with the definitions, guidelines and disclosure requirements as required by the SEC regulations.

 

Future Production Rates

 

For wells currently on production, our forecasts of future production rates are based on historical performance data. An estimated rate of decline was then applied to depletion of the reserves. If a

 

5



 

decline trend has been established, this trend was used as the basis for estimating future production rates.

 

The future production rates from wells currently on production may be more or less than estimated because of changes including, but not limited to, reservoir performance, operating conditions related to surface facilities, compression and artificial lift, pipeline capacity and/or operating conditions, producing market demand and/or allowables or other constraints set by regulatory bodies.

 

Hydrocarbon Prices

 

The hydrocarbon prices used herein are based on SEC price parameters using the average prices during the 12-month period prior to the “as of date” of this report, determined as the unweighted arithmetic averages of the prices in effect on the first-day-of-the-month for each month within such period, unless prices were defined by contractual arrangements. For hydrocarbon products sold under contract, the contract prices, including fixed and determinable escalations, exclusive of inflation adjustments, were used until expiration of the contract. Upon contract expiration, the prices were adjusted to the 12-month unweighted arithmetic average as previously described.

 

Extraction furnished us with the above mentioned average prices in effect on June 30, 2016. These initial SEC hydrocarbon prices were determined using the 12-month average first-day-of-the-month benchmark prices appropriate to the geographic area where the hydrocarbons are sold. These benchmark prices are prior to the adjustments for differentials as described herein. The table below summarizes the “benchmark prices” and “price reference” used for the geographic area included in the report.

 

The product prices which were actually used to determine the future gross revenue for each property reflect adjustments to the benchmark prices for gravity, quality, local conditions, gathering and transportation and/or distance from market, referred to herein as “differentials.” The differentials used in the preparation of this report were furnished to us by Extraction. The differentials furnished to us were accepted as factual data and reviewed by us for their reasonableness; however, we have not conducted an independent verification of the data used by Extraction to determine these differentials.

 

In addition, the table below summarizes the net volume weighted benchmark prices adjusted for differentials and referred to herein as the “average realized prices.” The average realized prices shown in the table below were determined from the total future gross revenue before production taxes and the total net reserves for the geographic area and presented in accordance with SEC disclosure requirements for each of the geographic areas included in the report.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Avg

 

Avg

 

 

 

 

 

Price

 

Benchmark

 

Realized

 

Geographic Area

 

Product

 

Reference

 

Prices

 

Prices

 

North America

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

United States

 

Oil/Condensate

 

WTI Cushing

 

$43.12/bbl

 

$36.12/bbl

 

 

 

NGLs

 

WTI Cushing

 

$43.12/bbl

 

$10.00/bbl

 

 

 

Gas

 

Colorado Interstate

 

$2.10/MMBTU

 

$1.42/Mcf

 

 

The effects of derivative instruments designated as price hedges of oil and gas quantities are not reflected in our individual property evaluations.

 

6



 

Costs

 

Operating costs for the leases and wells in this report were furnished by Extraction and are based on the operating expense reports of Extraction and include only those costs directly applicable to the leases or wells with proved producing reserves. The operating costs include a portion of general and administrative costs allocated directly to the leases and wells. The operating costs furnished to us were accepted as factual data and reviewed by us for their reasonableness; however, we have not conducted an independent verification of the operating cost data used by Extraction. No deduction was made for loan repayments, interest expenses, or exploration and development prepayments that were not charged directly to the leases or wells.

 

The estimated net cost of abandonment after salvage was included for proved producing properties where abandonment costs net of salvage were significant. The estimates of the net abandonment costs furnished by Extraction were accepted without independent verification.

 

Current costs used by Extraction for the proved producing properties were held constant throughout the life of the properties. It should be noted that this report does not include operating costs or abandonment costs for non-commercial producing wells or shut-in wells.

 

Standards of Independence and Professional Qualification

 

Ryder Scott is an independent petroleum engineering consulting firm that has been providing petroleum consulting services throughout the world since 1937. Ryder Scott is employee-owned and maintains offices in Houston, Texas; Denver, Colorado; and Calgary, Alberta, Canada. We have over eighty engineers and geoscientists on our permanent staff. By virtue of the size of our firm and the large number of clients for which we provide services, no single client or job represents a material portion of our annual revenue. We do not serve as officers or directors of any privately-owned or publicly-traded oil and gas company and are separate and independent from the operating and investment decision-making process of our clients. This allows us to bring the highest level of independence and objectivity to each engagement for our services.

 

Ryder Scott actively participates in industry-related professional societies and organizes an annual public forum focused on the subject of reserves evaluations and SEC regulations. Many of our staff have authored or co-authored technical papers on the subject of reserves related topics. We encourage our staff to maintain and enhance their professional skills by actively participating in ongoing continuing education.

 

Prior to becoming an officer of the Company, Ryder Scott requires that staff engineers and geoscientists have received professional accreditation in the form of a registered or certified professional engineer’s license or a registered or certified professional geoscientist’s license, or the equivalent thereof, from an appropriate governmental authority or a recognized self-regulating professional organization.

 

We are independent petroleum engineers with respect to 8 North. Neither we nor any of our employees have any financial interest in the subject properties and neither the employment to do this work nor the compensation is contingent on our estimates of reserves for the properties which were reviewed.

 

The results of this study, presented herein, are based on technical analysis conducted by teams of geoscientists and engineers from Ryder Scott. The professional qualifications of the undersigned,

 

7


 

the technical person primarily responsible for overseeing the evaluation of the reserves information discussed in this report, are included as an attachment to this letter.

 

Terms of Usage

 

The results of our third party study, presented in report form herein, were prepared in accordance with the disclosure requirements set forth in the SEC regulations and intended for public disclosure as an exhibit in filings made with the SEC by Extraction.

 

We have provided 8 North, LLC with a digital version of the original signed copy of this report letter. In the event there are any differences between the digital version and the original signed report letter, the original signed report letter shall control and supersede the digital version.

 

The data and work papers used in the preparation of this report are available for examination by authorized parties in our offices. Please contact us if we can be of further service.

 

 

Very truly yours,

 

 

 

RYDER SCOTT COMPANY, L.P.

TBPE Firm Registration No. F-1580

 

 

/s/ James L. Baird

 

James L. Baird, P.E.

 

Colorado License No. 41521

Managing Senior Vice President

 

 

 

/s/ Richard J. Marshall

 

Richard J. Marshall, P.E.

 

Colorado License No. 23260

 

Vice President

 

JLB-RJM (DPR)/pl

 

8




Exhibit 99.8

 

EXTRACTION OIL & GAS, LLC

 

Estimated

 

Future Reserves and Income

 

Attributable to Certain

 

Leasehold Interests Of

 

Bayswater Exploration & Production, LLC

 

SEC Parameters

 

As of

 

June 30, 2016

 

/s/ James L. Baird

 

/s/ Richard J. Marshall

James L. Baird, P.E.

 

Richard J. Marshall, P.E.

Colorado License No. 41521

 

Colorado License No. 23260

Managing Senior Vice President

 

Vice President

 

RYDER SCOTT COMPANY, L.P.

TBPE Firm Registration No. F-1580

 

RYDER SCOTT COMPANY  PETROLEUM CONSULTANTS

 



 

 

FAX (303) 623-4258

TBPE REGISTERED ENGINEERING FIRM F-1580

 

 

621 SEVENTEENTH STREET

SUITE 1550

DENVER, COLORADO 80293

TELEPHONE (303) 623-9147

 

August 31, 2016

 

Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC
370 17
th  Street, Suite 5300
Denver, Colorado 80202

 

Gentlemen:

 

At your request, Ryder Scott Company, L.P. (Ryder Scott) has prepared an estimate of the proved reserves, future production and income attributable to certain leasehold interests of Bayswater Exploration and Production, LLC (Bayswater) as of June 30, 2016. It should be noted that Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC (Extraction) is in the process of acquiring these interests, but does not own these interests at the present time. The closing date is scheduled for September 30, 2016. The subject properties are located in the state of Colorado. The reserves and income data were estimated based on the definitions and disclosure guidelines of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) contained in Title 17, Code of Federal Regulations, Modernization of Oil and Gas Reporting, Final Rule released January 14, 2009 in the Federal Register (SEC regulations). Our third party study, completed on August 31, 2016 and presented herein, was prepared for public disclosure by Extraction in filings made with the SEC in accordance with the disclosure requirements set forth in the SEC regulations.

 

The estimated reserves and future net income amounts presented in this report, as of June 30, 2016 are related to hydrocarbon prices. The hydrocarbon prices used in the preparation of this report are based on the average prices during the 12-month period prior to the “as of date” of this report, determined as the unweighted arithmetic averages of the prices in effect on the first-day-of-the-month for each month within such period, unless prices were defined by contractual arrangements, as required by the SEC regulations. Actual future prices may vary significantly from the prices required by SEC regulations; therefore, volumes of reserves actually recovered and the amounts of income actually received may differ significantly from the estimated quantities presented in this report. The results of this study are summarized as follows.

 

1100 LOUISIANA, SUITE 4600

HOUSTON, TEXAS 77002-5218

TEL (713) 651-9191

FAX (713) 651-0849

1015 4TH STREET S.W., SUITE 600

CALGARY, ALBERTA T2R 1J4

TEL (403) 262-2799

FAX (403) 262-2790

 



 

SEC PARAMETERS

Estimated Net Reserves and Income Data

Certain Leasehold Interests of

Bayswater Exploration & Production, LLC

As of June 30, 2016

 

 

 

Proved Reserves

 

 

 

Developed

 

 

 

Total

 

 

 

Producing

 

Non-Producing

 

Undeveloped

 

Proved

 

Net Remaining Reserves

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oil/Condensate – Mbbl

 

4,270

 

187

 

5,632

 

10,089

 

Plant Products – Mbbl

 

2,774

 

199

 

4,006

 

6,979

 

Gas – MMcf

 

21,297

 

1,529

 

30,716

 

53,542

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income Data ($M)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Future Gross Revenue

 

$

219,108

 

$

11,471

 

$

297,166

 

$

527,745

 

Deductions

 

84,133

 

3,638

 

177,810

 

265,581

 

Future Net Income (FNI)

 

$

134,975

 

$

7,833

 

$

119,356

 

$

262,164

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Discounted FNI @ 10%

 

$

98,526

 

$

5,462

 

$

55,365

 

$

159,353

 

 

Liquid hydrocarbons are expressed in thousands of standard 42 gallon barrels (Mbbl). All gas volumes are reported on an “as sold basis” expressed in millions of cubic feet (MMcf) at the official temperature and pressure bases of the areas in which the gas reserves are located. In this report, the revenues, deductions, and income data are expressed as thousands of U.S. dollars ($M).

 

The estimates of the reserves, future production, and income attributable to properties in this report were prepared using the economic software package PHDWin Petroleum Economic Evaluation Software, a copyrighted program of TRC Consultants L.C. The program was used at the request of Extraction. Ryder Scott has found this program to be generally acceptable, but notes that certain summaries and calculations may vary due to rounding and may not exactly match the sum of the properties being summarized. Furthermore, one line economic summaries may vary slightly from the more detailed cash flow projections of the same properties, also due to rounding. The rounding differences are not material.

 

The future gross revenue is after the deduction of production taxes. The deductions incorporate the normal direct costs of operating the wells, ad valorem taxes, development costs and certain abandonment costs net of salvage. The future net income is before the deduction state and federal income taxes and general administrative overhead, and has not been adjusted for outstanding loans that may exist nor does it include any adjustment for cash on hand or undistributed income.

 

Liquid hydrocarbon reserves account for approximately 82 percent and gas reserves account for the remaining 18 percent of total future gross revenue from proved reserves.

 

The discounted future net income shown above was calculated using a discount rate of 10 percent per annum compounded monthly. Future net income was discounted at four other discount rates which were also compounded monthly. These results are shown in summary form as follows.

 

RYDER SCOTT COMPANY  PETROLEUM CONSULTANTS

 

2



 

 

 

Discounted Future Net Income ($M)

 

 

 

As of June 30, 2016

 

Discount Rate

 

Total

 

Percent

 

Proved

 

 

 

 

 

5

 

 

$

200,176

 

12

 

 

$

146,813

 

15

 

 

$

130,904

 

20

 

 

$

110,146

 

 

The results shown above are presented for your information and should not be construed as our estimate of fair market value.

 

Reserves Included in This Report

 

The proved reserves included herein conform to the definitions as set forth in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Regulations Part 210.4-10(a). An abridged version of the SEC reserves definitions from 210.4-10(a) entitled “Petroleum Reserves Definitions” is included as an attachment to this report.

 

The various proved reserve development and production status categories are defined in the attachment to this report entitled “Petroleum Reserves Status Definitions and Guidelines.” The developed proved non-producing reserves included herein consist of the shut-in category.

 

No attempt was made to quantify or otherwise account for any accumulated gas production imbalances that may exist. The proved gas volumes presented herein do not include volumes of gas consumed in operations as reserves.

 

Reserves are “estimated remaining quantities of oil and gas and related substances anticipated to be economically producible, as of a given date, by application of development projects to known accumulations.” All reserve estimates involve an assessment of the uncertainty relating the likelihood that the actual remaining quantities recovered will be greater or less than the estimated quantities determined as of the date the estimate is made. The uncertainty depends chiefly on the amount of reliable geologic and engineering data available at the time of the estimate and the interpretation of these data. The relative degree of uncertainty may be conveyed by placing reserves into one of two principal classifications, either proved or unproved. Unproved reserves are less certain to be recovered than proved reserves and may be further sub-classified as probable and possible reserves to denote progressively increasing uncertainty in their recoverability. At Extraction’s request, this report addresses only the proved reserves attributable to the properties evaluated herein.

 

Proved oil and gas reserves are “those quantities of oil and gas which, by analysis of geoscience and engineering data, can be estimated with reasonable certainty to be economically producible from a given date forward.” The SEC has defined reasonable certainty for proved reserves, when based on deterministic methods, as a “high degree of confidence that the quantities will be recovered.”

 

The reserves included herein were estimated using deterministic methods and presented as incremental quantities.

 

Proved reserve estimates will generally be revised only as additional geologic or engineering data become available or as economic conditions change. For proved reserves, the SEC states that

 

3



 

“as changes due to increased availability of geoscience (geological, geophysical, and geochemical), engineering, and economic data are made to the estimated ultimate recovery (EUR) with time, reasonably certain EUR is much more likely to increase or remain constant than to decrease.” Moreover, estimates of proved reserves may be revised as a result of future operations, effects of regulation by governmental agencies or geopolitical or economic risks. Therefore, the proved reserves included in this report are estimates only and should not be construed as being exact quantities, and if recovered, the revenues therefrom, and the actual costs related thereto, could be more or less than the estimated amounts.

 

Extraction’s operations may be subject to various levels of governmental controls and regulations. These controls and regulations may include, but may not be limited to, matters relating to land tenure and leasing, the legal rights to produce hydrocarbons, drilling and production practices, environmental protection, marketing and pricing policies, royalties, various taxes and levies including income tax and are subject to change from time to time. Such changes in governmental regulations and policies may cause volumes of proved reserves actually recovered and amounts of proved income actually received to differ significantly from the estimated quantities.

 

The estimates of proved reserves presented herein were based upon a detailed study of the properties in which Extraction owns an interest; however, we have not made any field examination of the properties. No consideration was given in this report to potential environmental liabilities that may exist nor were any costs included for potential liabilities to restore and clean up damages, if any, caused by past operating practices.

 

Estimates of Reserves

 

The estimation of reserves involves two distinct determinations. The first determination results in the estimation of the quantities of recoverable oil and gas and the second determination results in the estimation of the uncertainty associated with those estimated quantities in accordance with the definitions set forth by the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Regulations Part 210.4-10(a). The process of estimating the quantities of recoverable oil and gas reserves relies on the use of certain generally accepted analytical procedures. These analytical procedures fall into three broad categories or methods: (1) performance-based methods, (2) volumetric-based methods and (3) analogy. These methods may be used individually or in combination by the reserve evaluator in the process of estimating the quantities of reserves. Reserve evaluators must select the method or combination of methods which in their professional judgment is most appropriate given the nature and amount of reliable geoscience and engineering data available at the time of the estimate, the established or anticipated performance characteristics of the reservoir being evaluated, and the stage of development or producing maturity of the property.

 

In many cases, the analysis of the available geoscience and engineering data and the subsequent interpretation of this data may indicate a range of possible outcomes in an estimate, irrespective of the method selected by the evaluator. When a range in the quantity of reserves is identified, the evaluator must determine the uncertainty associated with the incremental quantities of the reserves. If the reserve quantities are estimated using the deterministic incremental approach, the uncertainty for each discrete incremental quantity of the reserves is addressed by the reserve category assigned by the evaluator. Therefore, it is the categorization of reserve quantities as proved, probable and/or possible that addresses the inherent uncertainty in the estimated quantities reported. For proved reserves, uncertainty is defined by the SEC as reasonable certainty wherein the “quantities actually recovered are much more likely than not to be achieved.” The SEC states that “probable reserves are those additional reserves that are less certain to be recovered than proved reserves but which, together with proved reserves, are as likely as not to be recovered.” The SEC states that

 

4


 

“possible reserves are those additional reserves that are less certain to be recovered than probable reserves and the total quantities ultimately recovered from a project have a low probability of exceeding proved plus probable plus possible reserves.” All quantities of reserves within the same reserve category must meet the SEC definitions as noted above.

 

Estimates of reserves quantities and their associated reserve categories may be revised in the future as additional geoscience or engineering data become available. Furthermore, estimates of reserves quantities and their associated reserve categories may also be revised due to other factors such as changes in economic conditions, results of future operations, effects of regulation by governmental agencies or geopolitical or economic risks as previously noted herein.

 

The proved reserves for the properties included herein were estimated by performance methods or analogy. One hundred percent of the proved producing reserves attributable to producing wells and/or reservoirs were estimated by performance methods. These performance methods include decline curve analysis, which utilized extrapolations of historical production data available through May 2016 in those cases where such data were considered to be definitive. The data utilized in this analysis were furnished to Ryder Scott by Extraction and were considered sufficient for the purpose thereof.

 

One hundred percent of the proved non-producing and undeveloped reserves included herein were estimated by analogy. The data utilized from the analogues were considered sufficient for the purpose thereof.

 

To estimate economically recoverable proved oil and gas reserves and related future net cash flows, we consider many factors and assumptions including, but not limited to, the use of reservoir parameters derived from geological, geophysical and engineering data which cannot be measured directly, economic criteria based on current costs and SEC pricing requirements, and forecasts of future production rates. Under the SEC regulations 210.4-10(a)(22)(v) and (26), proved reserves must be anticipated to be economically producible from a given date forward based on existing economic conditions including the prices and costs at which economic producibility from a reservoir is to be determined. While it may reasonably be anticipated that the future prices received for the sale of production and the operating costs and other costs relating to such production may increase or decrease from those under existing economic conditions, such changes were, in accordance with rules adopted by the SEC, omitted from consideration in making this evaluation.

 

Extraction has informed us that they have furnished us all of the material accounts, records, geological and engineering data, and reports and other data required for this investigation. In preparing our forecast of future proved production and income, we have relied upon data furnished by Extraction with respect to property interests owned, production and well tests from examined wells, normal direct costs of operating the wells or leases, ad valorem and production taxes, development costs, development plans, abandonment costs after salvage, product prices based on the SEC regulations, adjustments or differentials to product prices, geological structural and isochore maps, well logs, core analyses, and pressure measurements. Ryder Scott reviewed such factual data for its reasonableness; however, we have not conducted an independent verification of the data furnished by Extraction. We consider the factual data used in this report appropriate and sufficient for the purpose of preparing the estimates of reserves and future net revenues herein.

 

In summary, we consider the assumptions, data, methods and analytical procedures used in this report appropriate for the purpose hereof, and we have used all such methods and procedures that we consider necessary and appropriate to prepare the estimates of reserves herein. The proved reserves included herein were determined in conformance with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Modernization of Oil and Gas Reporting; Final Rule, including all

 

5



 

references to Regulation S-X and Regulation S-K, referred to herein collectively as the “SEC Regulations.” In our opinion, the proved reserves presented in this report comply with the definitions, guidelines and disclosure requirements as required by the SEC regulations.

 

Future Production Rates

 

For wells currently on production, our forecasts of future production rates are based on historical performance data. If no production decline trend has been established, future production rates were held constant, or adjusted for the effects of curtailment where appropriate, until a decline in ability to produce was anticipated. An estimated rate of decline was then applied to depletion of the reserves. If a decline trend has been established, this trend was used as the basis for estimating future production rates.

 

Test data and other related information were used to estimate the anticipated initial production rates for those wells or locations that are not currently producing. For reserves not yet on production, sales were estimated to commence at an anticipated date furnished by Extraction. Wells or locations that are not currently producing may start producing earlier or later than anticipated in our estimates due to unforeseen factors causing a change in the timing to initiate production. Such factors may include delays due to weather, the availability of rigs, the sequence of drilling, completing and/or recompleting wells and/or constraints set by regulatory bodies.

 

The future production rates from wells currently on production or wells or locations that are not currently producing may be more or less than estimated because of changes including, but not limited to, reservoir performance, operating conditions related to surface facilities, compression and artificial lift, pipeline capacity and/or operating conditions, producing market demand and/or allowables or other constraints set by regulatory bodies.

 

Hydrocarbon Prices

 

The hydrocarbon prices used herein are based on SEC price parameters using the average prices during the 12-month period prior to the “as of date” of this report, determined as the unweighted arithmetic averages of the prices in effect on the first-day-of-the-month for each month within such period, unless prices were defined by contractual arrangements. For hydrocarbon products sold under contract, the contract prices, including fixed and determinable escalations, exclusive of inflation adjustments, were used until expiration of the contract. Upon contract expiration, the prices were adjusted to the 12-month unweighted arithmetic average as previously described.

 

Extraction furnished us with the above mentioned average prices in effect on June 30, 2016. These initial SEC hydrocarbon prices were determined using the 12-month average first-day-of-the-month benchmark prices appropriate to the geographic area where the hydrocarbons are sold. These benchmark prices are prior to the adjustments for differentials as described herein. The table below summarizes the “benchmark prices” and “price reference” used for the geographic area included in the report.

 

The product prices which were actually used to determine the future gross revenue for each property reflect adjustments to the benchmark prices for gravity, quality, local conditions, gathering and transportation and/or distance from market, referred to herein as “differentials.” The differentials used in the preparation of this report were furnished to us by Extraction. The differentials furnished to us were accepted as factual data and reviewed by us for their reasonableness; however, we have not conducted an independent verification of the data used by Extraction to determine these differentials.

 

6



 

In addition, the table below summarizes the net volume weighted benchmark prices adjusted for differentials and referred to herein as the “average realized prices.” The average realized prices shown in the table below were determined from the total future gross revenue before production taxes and the total net reserves by reserve category for the geographic area and presented in accordance with SEC disclosure requirements for each of the geographic areas included in the report.

 

Geographic Area

 

Product

 

Price
Reference

 

Avg
Benchmark
Prices

 

Avg
Proved
Realized
Prices

 

North America

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oil/Condensate

 

WTI Cushing

 

$43.12/Bbl

 

$36.12/bbl

 

United States

 

NGLs

 

WTI Cushing

 

$43.12/Bbl

 

$10.01/bbl

 

 

 

Gas

 

Colorado Interstate

 

$2.10/MMBTU

 

$1.84/Mcf

 

 

The effects of derivative instruments designated as price hedges of oil and gas quantities are not reflected in our individual property evaluations.

 

Costs

 

Operating costs for the leases and wells in this report were furnished by Extraction and are based on the operating expense reports of Extraction and include only those costs directly applicable to the leases or wells. The operating costs include a portion of general and administrative costs allocated directly to the leases and wells. The operating costs furnished to us were accepted as factual data and reviewed by us for their reasonableness; however, we have not conducted an independent verification of the operating cost data used by Extraction. No deduction was made for loan repayments, interest expenses, or exploration and development prepayments that were not charged directly to the leases or wells.

 

Development costs were furnished to us by Extraction and are based on authorizations for expenditure for the proposed work or actual costs for similar projects. The development costs furnished to us were accepted as factual data and reviewed by us for their reasonableness; however, we have not conducted an independent verification of these costs. The estimated net cost of abandonment after salvage was included for properties where abandonment costs net of salvage were significant. The estimates of the net abandonment costs furnished by Extraction were accepted without independent verification.

 

The proved undeveloped reserves in this report have been incorporated herein in accordance with Extraction’s plans to develop these reserves as of June 30, 2016. The implementation of Extraction’s development plans as presented to us and incorporated herein is subject to the approval process adopted by Extraction’s management. As the result of our inquiries during the course of preparing this report, Extraction has informed us that the development activities included herein have been subjected to and received the internal approvals required by Extraction’s management at the appropriate local, regional and/or corporate level. In addition to the internal approvals as noted, certain development activities may still be subject to specific partner AFE processes, Joint Operating Agreement (JOA) requirements or other administrative approvals external to Extraction. Additionally, Extraction has informed us that they are not aware of any legal, regulatory or political obstacles that would significantly alter their plans. While these plans could change from those under existing

 

7



 

economic conditions as of June 30, 2016, such changes were, in accordance with rules adopted by the SEC, omitted from consideration in making this evaluation.

 

Current costs used by Extraction were held constant throughout the life of the properties.

 

Standards of Independence and Professional Qualification

 

Ryder Scott is an independent petroleum engineering consulting firm that has been providing petroleum consulting services throughout the world since 1937. Ryder Scott is employee-owned and maintains offices in Houston, Texas; Denver, Colorado; and Calgary, Alberta, Canada. We have over eighty engineers and geoscientists on our permanent staff. By virtue of the size of our firm and the large number of clients for which we provide services, no single client or job represents a material portion of our annual revenue. We do not serve as officers or directors of any privately-owned or publicly-traded oil and gas company and are separate and independent from the operating and investment decision-making process of our clients. This allows us to bring the highest level of independence and objectivity to each engagement for our services.

 

Ryder Scott actively participates in industry-related professional societies and organizes an annual public forum focused on the subject of reserves evaluations and SEC regulations. Many of our staff have authored or co-authored technical papers on the subject of reserves related topics. We encourage our staff to maintain and enhance their professional skills by actively participating in ongoing continuing education.

 

Prior to becoming an officer of the Company, Ryder Scott requires that staff engineers and geoscientists have received professional accreditation in the form of a registered or certified professional engineer’s license or a registered or certified professional geoscientist’s license, or the equivalent thereof, from an appropriate governmental authority or a recognized self-regulating professional organization.

 

We are independent petroleum engineers with respect to Extraction. Neither we nor any of our employees have any financial interest in the subject properties and neither the employment to do this work nor the compensation is contingent on our estimates of reserves for the properties which were reviewed.

 

The results of this study, presented herein, are based on technical analysis conducted by teams of geoscientists and engineers from Ryder Scott. The professional qualifications of the undersigned, the technical person primarily responsible for overseeing the evaluation of the reserves information discussed in this report, are included as an attachment to this letter.

 

Terms of Usage

 

The results of our third party study, presented in report form herein, were prepared in accordance with the disclosure requirements set forth in the SEC regulations and intended for public disclosure as an exhibit in filings made with the SEC by Extraction.

 

We have provided Extraction with a digital version of the original signed copy of this report letter. In the event there are any differences between the digital version and the original signed report letter, the original signed report letter shall control and supersede the digital version.

 

8



 

The data and work papers used in the preparation of this report are available for examination by authorized parties in our offices. Please contact us if we can be of further service.

 

 

Very truly yours,

 

 

 

RYDER SCOTT COMPANY, L.P.

TBPE Firm Registration No. F-1580

 

 

/s/ James L. Baird

 

James L. Baird, P.E.

 

Colorado License No. 41521

Managing Senior Vice President

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Richard J. Marshall

 

Richard J. Marshall, P.E.

 

Colorado License No. 23260

 

Vice President

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

JLB-RJM (DPR)/pl

 

9




Exhibit 99.9

 

CONSENT OF DIRECTOR NOMINEE

 

I consent to the use of my name as a Director Nominee in the Registration Statement, including in the section “Management,” filed by Extraction Oil & Gas, LLC (to be converted as described therein into Extraction Oil & Gas, Inc.) on Form S-1 and each related Prospectus and each further amendments or supplements thereto.

 

Dated: September 14, 2016

 

 

/s/ Marvin M. Chronister

 

Name: Marvin M. Chronister