ITEM 3.    KEY INFORMATION

A. Selected Financial Data

        The following table presents summary consolidated financial and other data of GasLog for each of the five years in the five-year period ended December 31, 2019. The summary consolidated financial data of GasLog as of December 31, 2018 and 2019, and for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2019, is derived from our audited consolidated financial statements included in "Item 18. Financial Statements". The selected consolidated financial data as of December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017, and for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2016, is derived from our audited consolidated financial statements which are not included in this annual report. Our consolidated financial statements are prepared and presented in accordance with IFRS, as issued by the IASB.

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        This information should be read together with, and is qualified in its entirety by, our consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included in "Item 18. Financial Statements". You should also read "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects".

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C. Reasons for the Offer and Use of Proceeds

        Not applicable.

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D. Risk Factors

Risks Inherent in the LNG Carriers Business

As of March 2, 2020, our owned and bareboat fleet consists of 28 LNG carriers (including the 15 LNG carriers owned by GasLog Partners) and seven newbuilds. The majority of our ships currently operate under term time charters with six ships trading in the spot market but the charters of a further seven ships will terminate in 2020 including six steam vessels and one TFDE vessel. On redelivery, the vessels will trade in the short-term spot market unless we are able to secure new term charters. Furthermore, advances in LNG carrier technology may negatively impact our ability to recharter the Steam vessels at attractive rates and may result in lower levels of utilization. Trading vessels in the spot market, or being unable to recharter the Steam vessels on term charters with similar or better rates, means our revenues and cash flows from these vessels will decline following expiration of our current charter arrangements. These factors could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and the value of our assets, and could significantly reduce or eliminate our ability to pay dividends on our common or Preference shares.

        22 of our owned and bareboat vessels (including 14 of the 15 LNG Carriers owned by GasLog Partners) and seven of our newbuild vessels currently operate or will operate under term time charters. Six of our vessels are currently trading in the spot market (including one vessel owned by GasLog Partners). The Methane Alison Victoria came off charter in January 2020 and is trading in the spot market. The Methane Rita Andrea is due to come off charter in April 2020 plus up to 30 days at the charterer's option and, the Methane Shirley Elisabeth is due to come off charter in June 2020 plus 30 days at the charterer's option. The GasLog Sydney is due to come off charter in June 2020, although the charterer has the option to extend the time charter for two further periods of 180 days each at specified rates. The Methane Jane Elizabeth is due to come off charter in November 2020 and the charterer has several options to extend the charter at varying durations between one and four years at specified rates. The Methane Heather Sally is due to come off charter in December 2020 plus 30 days at the charterer's option. The charter rate for the one year charter of the Methane Jane Elizabeth is lower than the charter rate which the vessel was earning under her multi-year charter with Shell which expired in November 2019. While trading in the spot market, the spot market time charter equivalent ("TCE") earnings of the Methane Alison Victoria have been lower than the charter rate which the vessel was earning under her multi-year charter with Shell which expired in January 2020. In addition, the Methane Lydon Volney is due to come off charter during 2020. Our Steam vessels are less efficient and have higher emissions than larger, more technologically advanced modern LNG carriers and it may be more challenging to find spot and/or term employment for these vessels. On February 6, 2020, in light of reduced expectations for Steam vessel utilization and earnings, GasLog Partners announced that it will focus its capital allocation on debt repayment, prioritizing balance sheet strength for 2020. As such, the Partnership expects to reduce its quarterly common unit distribution to $0.125 per unit for the first quarter of 2020 from $0.561 per unit for the fourth quarter of 2019.

        GasLog Partners and GasLog continue to pursue opportunities for new term time charters with third parties for the vessels trading in the spot market but may have difficulty in securing new charters at attractive rates and for multi-year durations. In the interim, we may have increased exposure to the volatile spot market which is highly competitive and subject to significant price fluctuations. In addition, there may be extended periods of idle time between charters. Moreover, any term charters we are able to secure for on-the-water vessels may not be as long in duration as the multi-year charters we have enjoyed in the past and are likely to be at lower charter rates. In recent years, as a result of more LNG being traded on a short-term basis and greater liquidity in the LNG shipping market, there has been a decrease in the duration of term charters for on-the-water vessels with such charters now generally being anywhere between six months and three years in duration. If we are unable to secure employment for a vessel, we will not receive any revenues from that vessel but we will be required to pay expenses necessary to maintain the vessel in proper operating condition, as well as servicing the debt attached to the vessel.

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        Failure to secure new term charters could adversely affect our future liquidity, results of operations and cash flows, including cash available for dividends to our shareholders, as well as our ability to meet certain of our debt obligations and covenants.

        A sustained decline in charter rates and employment opportunities could adversely affect the market value of our vessels, on which certain of the ratios and financial covenants with which we are required to comply are based, and caused the Group to recognize a non-cash impairment loss of $162.1 million as of December 31, 2019 for its six Steam vessels built in 2006 and 2007. A significant decline in the market value of our vessels could impact our compliance with the covenants in our loan agreements and, if the values are lower at a time when we are attempting to dispose of vessels, could cause us to incur a loss. If any of our vessels is unable to generate revenues for any significant period of time for any reason, including unexpected periods of off-hire, early charter termination (which could result from damage to our vessels) or failure to secure employment for any vessels for which we have not secured charters, our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows, including cash available for dividends to our shareholders, could be materially and adversely affected. The impact of any limitation in the operation of our vessels or any early charter termination would be magnified by the fact that we would still be expending cash to cover the operating costs of the vessel and the costs of servicing the debt on the vessel, if any. If we are unable to re-deploy a vessel, we will not receive any revenues from that vessel and we would be required to pay expenses necessary to maintain the vessel in proper operating condition as well as to service the debt attached to that vessel.

If the number of vessels available in the short-term or spot LNG carrier market continues to expand and results in reduced opportunities to secure multi-year charters for our vessels, our revenues and cash flows may become more volatile and may decline following expiration or early termination of our current charter arrangements.

        Most shipping requirements for new LNG projects continue to be secured on a multi-year basis, although the level of spot voyages and short-term time charters of less than 12 months in duration has grown in recent years. As vessels currently operating under multi-year charters redeliver, the number of vessels available in the short-term or spot charter market is likely to continue to expand which may result in reduced opportunities to secure multi-year charters for our vessels. With our vessels trading in the short-term or spot market upon expiration or early termination of our current charters, our revenues and cash flows may become more volatile. In addition, an active short-term or spot charter market may require us to enter into charters on variable rates depending on market prices at the time, as opposed to fixed rates, and may result in extended periods of idle time between charters. We have entered into two multi-year charters with Gunvor for the GasLog Shanghai and the GasLog Salem at rates which are indexed to estimated market rates for TFDE vessels trading in the spot market. While these charters ensure 100% utilization of the vessels during the duration of the contracts, a fall in such estimated market rates would result in a decrease in our revenues. These factors could result in a decrease in our revenues and cash flows, including cash available for dividends to shareholders.

An oversupply of LNG carriers as a result of excessive new ordering may lead to a reduction in the charter hire rates we are able to obtain when seeking charters in the future which could adversely affect our results of operations and cash flows.

        While we currently believe that the global LNG carrier fleet may experience high levels of utilization over the next one to two years, the supply of LNG carriers has been increasing as a result of the ordering and delivery of new ships. The development of liquefaction projects in the United States for the first time and the anticipation of exports beginning in early 2016 contributed to this significant ordering activity. Following a decline in ordering of newbuildings during 2016 and 2017, ordering increased in 2018 and 2019, driven by cyclically low shipyard prices for newbuild vessels, the then strengthening of charter rates and increasing expectations for long-term LNG supply and demand.

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According to Poten, as of March 2, 2020, the global trading fleet of conventional LNG carriers (>100,000 cbm) consisted of 513 vessels, with another 118 LNG carriers on order, of which 76 have long-term charters. The large number of ordered newbuildings that remain uncommitted and any future expansion of the global LNG carrier fleet in excess of the demand for LNG shipping may have a negative impact on charter hire rates, vessel utilization and vessel values.

        If charter hire rates are lower when we are seeking new time charters, or if we are unable to secure employment for our vessels trading in the spot and short-term markets, as a result of increased competition from modern vessels, our revenues and cash flows, including cash available for dividends to shareholders, may decline.

In 2020, nine vessels (five GasLog vessels and four GasLog Partners vessels) are scheduled to be dry-docked and, in 2021, five GasLog Partners vessels are scheduled to be dry-docked. The dry-dockings for all of these vessels will be longer and more costly than normal as a result of the need to install ballast water treatment systems ("BWTS") on each vessel in order to comply with regulatory requirements. Any delay or cost overrun of the dry-docking could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition and could significantly reduce or eliminate our ability to pay dividends on our common or Preference shares.

        Dry-dockings of our vessels require significant expenditures and result in loss of revenue as our vessels are off-hire during such period. Any significant increase in either the number of off-hire days or in the costs of any repairs or investments carried out during the dry-docking period could have a material adverse effect on our profitability and our cash flows. Given the potential for unforeseen issues arising during dry-docking, we may not be able to predict accurately the time required to dry-dock any of our vessels. In 2020 and 2021, the dry-dockings will be longer and more costly than normal as a result of the need to install BWTS on each vessel in order to comply with regulatory requirements. If more than one of our ships is required to be out of service at the same time, or if a ship is dry-docked longer than expected or if the cost of repairs is greater than budgeted, our results of operations and our cash flows, including cash available for dividends to our shareholders, could be adversely affected. The upcoming dry-dockings of vessels are expected to be carried out in 2020 (9 vessels), 2021 (5 vessels) and 2023 (8 vessels).

Our future capital needs are uncertain and we may need to raise additional funds. We must make substantial capital expenditures to fund the seven newbuildings we have on order as of March 2, 2020, and any additional ships we may acquire in the future. In addition, three of our credit facilities are due to mature between 2020 and 2022. We cannot guarantee that renewal, replacement or new lines of credit will be available or will be available on similar or more favourable terms.

        We believe that our existing cash and cash equivalents and our operating cash flow will be sufficient to meet our anticipated cash requirements for at least the next 12 months. However, we are obligated to make substantial capital expenditures to fund our commitments for the seven newbuildings we have on order. We are scheduled to take delivery of the vessels on various dates during 2020 and 2021. As of December 31, 2019, the total remaining balance of the contract prices for the seven vessels under construction was $1,113.0 million, which amounts are payable under each shipbuilding contract in installments upon the attainment of certain specified milestones. The largest portion of the purchase price for each vessel is payable upon its delivery to us from the shipyard.

        To the extent that we are unable to draw down the amounts committed under our existing credit facilities, whether due to our failure to comply with the terms of such facilities or the lenders' failure to fund the committed amounts, or to the extent that we are unable to put in place new debt facilities of sufficient quantum and on acceptable terms, we will need to find alternative financing. If we are unable to find alternative financing, we will not be capable of funding all of our commitments for capital expenditures relating to our seven contracted newbuildings. If we fail to meet our payment obligations

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under a shipbuilding contract, we would be in default under the applicable contract and the shipbuilder would have the option of cancelling the contract and retaining any previously funded installment payments.

        Our ability to borrow against the ships in our existing fleet and any ships we may acquire in the future largely depends on the value of the ships, which in turn depends in part on charter hire rates and the ability of our charterers to comply with the terms of their charters. The actual or perceived credit quality of our charterers, and any defaults by them, may materially affect our ability to obtain the additional capital resources that we will require to purchase additional ships and to refinance our existing debt as balloon payments come due, or may significantly increase our costs of obtaining such capital. Our inability to obtain additional financing or committing to financing on unattractive terms could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows, including cash available for dividends to our shareholders.

        In addition, we may choose to make substantial further capital expenditures to expand the size of our fleet and/or to convert existing LNG carriers to FSRUs/FSUs in the future. We expect to finance the cost of any new vessels, including conversion costs through available cash, cash from operations and debt or equity financings. Our ability to obtain bank financing or to access the capital markets may be limited by our financial condition at the time of any such financing or offering, as well as by adverse market conditions resulting from, among other things, general economic conditions, changes in the LNG industry, changes to banking regulations and further contingencies and uncertainties that are beyond our control. The recent significant fall in the value of our common shares may make it difficult or impossible for us to access the equity or equity-linked capital markets. Even if we are successful in obtaining the necessary funds, the terms of any debt financings could limit our ability further to expand our fleet and to pay dividends to our shareholders.

        The debt of the 13 vessels comprising the credit agreement we entered into on February 18, 2016 to refinance the debt maturities that were scheduled to become due in 2016 and 2017 (the "Five Vessel Refinancing") and the credit agreement we entered into on July 19, 2016 to refinance the existing indebtedness on eight of GasLog's on-the-water vessels of up to $1,050.0 million (the "Legacy Facility Refinancing") will mature in April and July 2021, respectively. The vessels include four Steam vessels and nine TFDE vessels. The age of the vessels, recent declines in their estimated fair market values and the limited charter cover attached to the vessels will make the refinancing of these facilities more challenging. As a result, securing access to additional funds in advance of the maturity of our debt facilities cannot be assured on the same or similar terms. Debt financing, if available, may involve covenants restricting our operations or our ability to incur additional debt or to pay dividends to our shareholders. Any debt or additional equity financing raised may contain unfavorable terms to us or our shareholders. If we are unable to raise adequate funds, we may have to liquidate some or all of our assets, or delay, reduce the scope of or eliminate some or all of our fleet expansion plans.

        Any of these factors could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows, including cash available for dividends to our shareholders.

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Our ability to raise capital to repay or refinance our debt obligations or to fund our maintenance or growth capital expenditures will depend on certain financial, business and other factors, many of which are beyond our control. The recent significant fall in the value of our common shares may make it difficult or impossible for us to access the equity or equity-linked capital markets. To the extent that we are unable to finance these obligations and expenditures with cash from operations or incremental bank loans or by issuing debt or equity securities, our ability to make cash dividends may be diminished, or our financial leverage may increase, or our shareholders may be diluted. Our business may be adversely affected if we need to access sources of funding which are more expensive and/or more restrictive.

        To fund our existing and future debt obligations and capital expenditures and any future growth, we will be required to use cash from operations, incur borrowings, and/or seek to access other financing sources including the capital markets. Our access to potential funding sources and our future financial and operating performance will be affected by prevailing economic conditions and financial, business, regulatory and other factors, many of which are beyond our control. If we are unable to access the capital markets or raise additional bank financing or generate sufficient cash flow to meet our debt, capital expenditure and other business requirements, we may be forced to take actions such as:

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restructuring our debt;



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seeking additional debt or equity capital;



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selling assets;



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reducing dividends;



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reducing, delaying or cancelling our business activities, acquisitions, investments or capital expenditures; or



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seeking bankruptcy protection.

        Such measures might not be successful, available on acceptable terms or enable us to meet our debt, capital expenditure and other obligations. Some of these measures may adversely affect our business and reputation. In addition, our financing agreements may restrict our ability to implement some of these measures. Use of cash from operations and possible future sale of certain assets will reduce cash available for dividends to shareholders. Our ability to obtain bank financing or to access the capital markets may be limited by our financial condition at the time of any such financing or offering as well as by adverse market conditions. Following the recent significant fall in the value of our common shares, we may not be able to access the equity or equity-linked capital markets. Even if we are successful in obtaining the necessary funds, the terms of such financings could limit our ability to pay cash dividends to shareholders or operate our business as currently conducted. In addition, incurring additional debt may significantly increase our interest expense and financial leverage, and issuing additional equity securities may result in significant shareholder dilution and would increase the aggregate amount of cash required to maintain our quarterly dividends to shareholders.

We may experience operational problems with vessels that reduce revenues and increase costs. In addition, there are risks associated with operating ocean-going ships. Any limitation in the availability or operation of our ships could have a material adverse effect on our business, our reputation, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

        LNG carriers are complex and their operations are technically challenging. Marine transportation operations are subject to mechanical risks and problems. Operational problems may lead to loss of revenues or higher than anticipated operating expenses or require additional capital expenditures.

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        Furthermore, the operation of ocean-going ships carries inherent risks. These risks include the possibility of:

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marine disaster;



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piracy;



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cyber events or other failures of operational and information technology systems;



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environmental accidents;



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adverse weather conditions;



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grounding, fire, explosions and collisions;



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cargo and property loss or damage;



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business interruptions caused by mechanical failure, human error, war, terrorism, disease (such as the recent outbreak of the COVID-19 virus) and quarantine, or political action in various countries;



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declining operational performance due to physical degradation as a result of extensive idle time or other factors; and



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work stoppages or other labor problems with crew members serving on our ships.

        An accident involving any of our owned ships could result in any of the following:

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death or injury to persons, damage to our ships, loss of property or environmental damage;



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delays in the delivery of cargo;



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loss of revenues from termination of charter contracts;



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governmental fines, penalties or restrictions on conducting business;



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litigation with our employees, customers or third parties;



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higher insurance rates; and



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damage to our reputation and customer relationships generally.

        If any of our ships are unable to generate revenues for any significant period of time for any reason, including unexpected periods of off-hire or early charter termination (which could result from damage to our ships), our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows, including cash available for dividends to our shareholders, could be materially and adversely affected. The impact of any limitation in the operation of our ships or any early charter termination would be amplified, as a substantial portion of our cash flows and income is dependent on the revenues earned by the chartering of our 28 LNG carriers in operation. In addition, the costs of ship repairs are unpredictable and can be substantial. In the event of repair costs that are not covered by our insurance policies, we may have to pay for such repair costs, which would decrease our earnings and cash flows. Any of these results could harm our business, financial condition, results of operations and our ability to pay cash dividends to our shareholders.

A cyber-attack could materially disrupt GasLog's business.

        GasLog's business operations could be targeted by individuals or groups seeking to sabotage or disrupt GasLog's information technology systems and networks, or to steal data. A cyber-attack could materially disrupt GasLog's operations, including the safety of its operations, or lead to unauthorized release of information or alteration of information on its systems. Any such attack or other breach of GasLog's information technology systems could have a material adverse effect on GasLog's business,

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financial condition, results of operations and cash flows, including cash available for dividends to our shareholders. While we have insurance policies in place to cover losses in the event of a cyber related event, there can be no assurance that any specific event would be covered by these policies or that the losses would be covered in full.

        We are subject to laws, directives, and regulations relating to the collection, use, retention, disclosure, security and transfer of personal data. These laws, directives and regulations, as well as their interpretation and enforcement, continue to evolve and may be inconsistent from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. For example, the General Data Protection Regulation ("GDPR"), which regulates the use of personally identifiable information, went into effect in the European Union ("EU") on May 25, 2018 and applies globally to all of our activities conducted from an establishment in the EU, to related products and services that we offer to EU customers and to non-EU customers which offer services in the EU. The GDPR requires organizations to report on data breaches within 72 hours and be bound by more stringent rules for obtaining the consent of individuals on how their data can be used. Complying with the GDPR and similar emerging and changing privacy and data protection requirements may cause us to incur substantial costs or require us to change our business practices. Non-compliance with our legal obligations relating to privacy and data protection could result in penalties, fines, legal proceedings by governmental entities or others, loss of reputation, legal claims by individuals and customers and significant legal and financial exposure and could affect our ability to retain and attract customers.

        Changes in the nature of cyber threats and/or changes to industry standards and regulations might require us to adopt additional procedures for monitoring cybersecurity, which could require additional expenses and/or capital expenditures. However, the impact of such regulations is hard to predict at this time.

Our future success depends on our ability to maintain relationships with existing customers, establish new customer relationships and obtain new time charter contracts for existing vessels and/or FSRUs/FSUs, for which we face considerable competition from other established companies with significant resources, as well as recent and potential future new entrants.

        One of our principal objectives is to enter into multi-year, fixed-rate charters for our open on-the-water vessels and for potential additional newbuild vessels. We are seeking to enter into time charter contracts for some or all of the GasLog Saratoga, the Methane Lydon Volney, the GasLog Singapore, the GasLog Chelsea and the GasLog Savannah, all of which currently trade in the spot market. We will also seek to enter into new time charter contracts upon the expiration or early termination of our existing charter arrangements, including in respect of the Methane Rita Andrea, the Methane Shirley Elisabeth, the Methane Heather Sally, the Methane Alison Victoria and the GasLog Sydney, all of which are owned by GasLog Partners, and the GasLog Saratoga and the Methane Lydon Volney. The process of obtaining multi-year, fixed rate charters for LNG carriers is highly competitive and generally involves an intensive screening process by potential new customers and the submission of competitive bids. The process is lengthy and the LNG carrier time charters are awarded based upon a variety of factors relating to the ship and the ship operator, including:

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size, age, technical specifications and condition of the ship;



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LNG shipping experience and quality and efficiency of ship operations, including level of emissions;;



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shipping industry relationships and reputation for customer service;



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technical ability and reputation for operation of highly specialized ships;



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quality and experience of officers and crew;

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safety record;



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the ability to finance ships at competitive rates and financial stability generally;



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relationships with shipyards and the ability to get suitable berths;



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construction and dry-docking management experience, including the ability to obtain on-time delivery of new ships according to customer specifications; and



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competitiveness of the bid in terms of charter rate and other economic and commercial terms.

        We expect substantial competition from a number of experienced companies and recent and potential future new entrants to the LNG shipping market. Competitors may include other independent ship owners, state-sponsored entities and major energy companies that own and operate LNG carriers, all of whom may compete with independent owners by using their own fleets to carry LNG for third parties. Some of these competitors have significantly greater financial resources and larger fleets than we have, and some have particular relationships that may provide them with competitive advantages. In recent years, a number of marine transportation companies, including companies with strong reputations and extensive resources and experience, have either entered or significantly increased their presence in the LNG transportation market. There are other ship owners, managers and investors who may also attempt to participate in the LNG market in the future. This increased competition may cause greater price competition for time charters. As a result, we may be unable to expand our relationships with existing customers or to obtain new customers on a profitable basis and we may not be successful in executing any future growth plans, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows, including cash available for dividends to shareholders.

We derive a substantial majority of our revenues from a limited number of customers, and the loss of any customer, charter or vessel would result in a significant loss of revenues and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

        We currently derive the majority of our revenues from wholly owned subsidiaries of Shell. We could lose a customer or the benefits of our time charter arrangements for many different reasons. The customer may be unable or unwilling to make charter hire or other payments to us because of a deterioration in its financial condition, commercial disputes with us, long term force majeure events or otherwise. If a customer terminates its charters, chooses not to re-charter our ships or is unable to perform under its charters and we are not able to find replacement charters on similar or more favourable terms, we will suffer a loss of revenues.

        Our charterer has the right to terminate a ship's time charter in certain circumstances, such as:

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loss of the ship or damage to it beyond repair;



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if the ship is off-hire for any reason other than scheduled dry-docking for a period exceeding 90 consecutive days, or for more than 90 days in any one year period;



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defaults by us in our obligations under the charter; or



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the outbreak of war or hostilities involving two or more major nations, such as the United States or the People's Republic of China, that would materially and adversely affect the trading of the ship for a period of at least 30 days.

        A termination right under one ship's time charter would not automatically give the charterer the right to terminate its other charter contracts with us. However, a charter termination could materially affect our relationship with the customer and our reputation in the LNG shipping industry, and in some circumstances the event giving rise to the termination right could potentially impact multiple charters.

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        Accordingly, the existence of any right of termination or the loss of any customer, charter or vessel could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows, including cash available for dividends to shareholders.

Ship values may fluctuate substantially which has, as at December 31, 2019 in relation to our Steam vessels, and could again in future, resulted in a non-cash impairment charge of $162.1 million for the six Steam vessels built in 2006 and 2007, including five GasLog Partners vessels and one vessel owned by us. A further decline in ship values could impact our compliance with the covenants in our loan agreements and, if the values are lower at a time when we are attempting to dispose of ships, cause us to incur a loss.

        Values for ships can fluctuate substantially over time due to a number of different factors, including:

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prevailing economic conditions in the natural gas and energy markets;



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a substantial or extended decline in demand for LNG;



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the level of worldwide LNG production and exports;



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changes in the supply and demand balance of the global LNG carrier fleet and the size and contract profile of the LNG carrier orderbook;



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changes in prevailing charter hire rates;



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declines in levels of utilization of the global LNG carrier fleet and of our vessels;



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the physical condition of the ship;



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the size, age and technical specifications of the ship; and



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the cost of retrofitting or modifying existing ships, as a result of technological advances in ship design or equipment, changes in applicable environmental or other regulations or standards, customer requirements or otherwise.

        If the market value of our ships decline, we may be required to record additional impairment charges in our financial statements, in addition to the impairment charge recorded in the year ended December 31, 2019, which could adversely affect our results of operations. See "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—B. Liquidity and Capital Resources—Critical Accounting Policies—Impairment of Vessels". Deterioration in the market value of our ships may trigger a breach of some of the covenants contained in our credit facilities. If we do breach such covenants and we are unable to remedy the relevant breach, our lenders could accelerate our indebtedness and seek to foreclose on the ships in our fleet securing those credit facilities. In addition, if a charter contract expires or is terminated by the customer, we may be unable to redeploy the affected ships at attractive rates and, rather than continue to incur costs to maintain and finance them, we may seek to dispose of them. Any foreclosure on our ships, or any disposal by us of a ship at a time when ship values have fallen, could result in a loss and could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows, including cash available for dividends to shareholders.

If we cannot meet our charterers' quality and compliance requirements, including regulations or costs associated with the environmental impact of our vessels, we may not be able to operate our vessels profitably which could have an adverse effect on our future performance, results of operations, cash flows and financial position.

        Customers, and in particular those in the LNG industry, have a high and increasing focus on quality, emissions and compliance standards with their suppliers across the entire value chain, including the shipping and transportation segment. There is also increasing focus on the environmental footprint of marine transportation. Our continuous compliance with existing and new standards and quality

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requirements is vital for our operations. Related risks could materialize in multiple ways, including a sudden and unexpected breach in quality and/or compliance concerning one or more vessels and/or a continuous decrease in the quality concerning one or more LNG carriers occurring over time. Moreover, continuously increasing requirements from LNG industry constituents can further complicate our ability to meet the standards. Any non-compliance by us, either suddenly or over a period of time, on one or more LNG carriers, or an increase in requirements by our charterers above and beyond what we deliver, may have a material adverse effect on our future performance, results of operations, cash flows, financial position and our ability to pay cash dividends to our shareholders.

The LNG shipping industry is subject to substantial environmental and other regulations which may be increased further by the growing global focus on a lower carbon economy, the physical effects of climate change and the increasing demand for environmental, social and governance disclosures by investors, lenders and regulators.

        Our operations are materially affected by extensive and changing international, national, state and local environmental laws, regulations, treaties, conventions and standards which are in force in international waters, or in the jurisdictional waters of the countries in which our ships operate and in the countries in which our ships are registered. These requirements include those relating to equipping and operating ships, providing security and minimizing or addressing impacts on the environment from ship operations. We may incur substantial costs in complying with these requirements, including costs for ship modifications and changes in operating procedures. We also could incur substantial costs, including clean-up costs, civil and criminal penalties and sanctions, the suspension or termination of operations and third party claims as a result of violations of, or liabilities under, such laws and regulations. The higher emissions of our Steam vessels relative to more modern vessels could make it more difficult to secure employment for these vessels and reduce the rates at which we can charter these vessels to our customers.

        In addition, these requirements can affect the resale value or useful lives of our ships, require a reduction in cargo capacity, necessitate ship modifications or operational changes or restrictions or lead to decreased availability of insurance coverage for environmental matters. They could further result in the denial of access to certain jurisdictional waters or ports or detention in certain ports. We are required to obtain governmental approvals and permits to operate our ships. Delays in obtaining such governmental approvals may increase our expenses, and the terms and conditions of such approvals could materially and adversely affect our operations.

        Additional laws, regulations, taxes or levies may be adopted that could limit our ability to do business or increase our operating costs, which could materially and adversely affect our business. New or amended legislation relating to ship recycling, sewage systems, emission control (including emissions of greenhouse gases and other pollutants) as well as ballast water treatment and ballast water handling may be adopted. For example, the United States has enacted legislation, and more recently a convention adopted by the International Maritime Organisation (the "IMO") has become effective, governing ballast water management systems on oceangoing ships. The IMO has also established progressive standards limiting the sulfur content of fuel, which were phased in on January 1, 2020. These and other laws or regulations may require additional capital expenditures or operating expenses (such as increased costs for low sulfur fuel or pollution controls) in order for us to maintain our ships' compliance with international and/or national regulations. We may also become subject to additional laws and regulations if we enter new markets or trades.

        We also believe that the heightened environmental, quality and security concerns of insurance underwriters, regulators and charterers will generally lead to additional regulatory requirements and/or contractual requirements, including enhanced risk assessment and security requirements, as well as greater inspection and safety requirements on all LNG carriers in the marine transportation market. These requirements are likely to add incremental costs to our operations, and the failure to comply

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with these requirements may affect the ability of our ships to obtain and, possibly, recover from, insurance policies or to obtain the required certificates for entry into the different ports where we operate.

        Some environmental laws and regulations, such as the U.S. Oil Pollution Act of 1990, or "OPA", provide for potentially unlimited joint, several and/or strict liability for owners, operators and demise or bareboat charterers for oil pollution and related damages. OPA applies to discharges of any oil from a ship in U.S. waters, including discharges of fuel and lubricants from an LNG carrier, even if the ships do not carry oil as cargo. In addition, many states in the United States bordering a navigable waterway have enacted legislation providing for potentially unlimited strict liability without regard to fault for the discharge of pollutants within their waters. We also are subject to other laws and conventions outside the United States that provide for an owner or operator of LNG carriers to bear strict liability for pollution, such as the Convention on Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims of 1976, or the "London Convention".

        Some of these laws and conventions, including OPA and the London Convention, may include limitations on liability. However, the limitations may not be applicable in certain circumstances, such as where a spill is caused by a ship owner's or operator's intentional or reckless conduct. These limitations are also subject to periodic updates and may otherwise be amended in the future.

        Compliance with OPA and other environmental laws and regulations also may result in ship owners and operators incurring increased costs for additional maintenance and inspection requirements, the development of contingency arrangements for potential spills, obtaining mandated insurance coverage and meeting financial responsibility requirements.

        Increased concern over climate change could lead to a more negative perception of the oil and gas industry which could impact our ability to attract investors, access financing in the bank and capital markets and attract and retain talent.

Further technological advancements and other innovations affecting LNG carriers could reduce the charter hire rates we are able to obtain when seeking new employment for existing or newbuild vessels and this could adversely impact the value of our assets and our results of operations and cash flows.

        The charter rates, asset value and operational life of an LNG carrier are determined by a number of factors, including the ship's efficiency, operational flexibility and physical life. Efficiency is reflected in unit freight costs ("UFC") which are driven by the size of the vessel, its fuel economy and the rate at which LNG in the cargo tanks naturally evaporates ("boil-off ratio" or "BOR"). Flexibility is primarily driven by the size of the ship and includes the ability to enter harbors, utilize related docking facilities and pass through canals and straits. Physical life is related to the original design and construction, the ongoing maintenance and the impact of operational stresses on the asset. Ship, cargo containment and engine designs are continually evolving. At such time as newer designs are developed and accepted in the market, these newer vessels may be more efficient or more flexible or have longer physical lives than our ships. Competition from these more technologically advanced LNG carriers compared to our vessels with older technology could adversely affect our ability to charter or re-charter our ships and the charter hire rates we will be able to secure when we seek to charter or re-charter our ships, and could also reduce the resale value of our ships. This could adversely affect our revenues and cash flows, including cash available for dividends to our shareholders, as well as our ability to obtain debt financing for ships with older technology whose market values have experienced a significant decline.

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Our future performance and ability to secure future employment for our vessels depends on continued growth in LNG production and demand for LNG and LNG shipping.

        Our future performance, including our ability to strengthen our balance sheet and to profitably employ and expand our fleet, will depend on continued growth in LNG supply and demand, and the demand for shipping. A complete LNG project includes natural gas production, liquefaction, storage, regasification and distribution facilities, in addition to marine transportation of LNG. Growth in LNG demand and increased infrastructure investment has led to an expansion of LNG production capacity in recent years, but material delays in the construction or slower than expected ramp-up of new liquefaction facilities could constrain the amount of LNG available for shipping, reducing ship utilization. The rate of growth of the LNG industry has fluctuated due to several factors, including the rate of global economic growth, fluctuations in global commodity prices, including natural gas, oil and coal as well as other sources of energy, and energy and environmental policy in markets which produce and/or consume LNG. Continued growth in LNG production and demand for LNG and LNG shipping could be negatively affected by a number of factors, including:

•

prices for crude oil, petroleum products, natural gas. Currently extremely low natural gas prices globally may limit the willingness and ability of developers of new LNG infrastructure projects to approve the development of such new projects;



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the cost of natural gas derived from LNG relative to the cost of natural gas generally and to the cost of alternative fuels, including renewables, and the impact of increases in the cost of natural gas derived from LNG on consumption of LNG;



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increases in the production levels of lower cost natural gas in domestic natural gas consuming markets, which could further depress prices for natural gas in those markets and make LNG uneconomical;



•

increases in the production of natural gas in areas linked by pipelines to consuming areas, or the extension of existing pipelines, or the development of new pipeline systems in markets we may serve;



•

infrastructure constraints such as delays in the construction of liquefaction facilities or regasification facilities, the inability of project owners or operators to obtain governmental approvals to construct or operate LNG facilities, as well as community or political action group resistance to new LNG infrastructure due to concerns about the environment, safety and terrorism;



•

concerns regarding the spread of disease, for example, the COVID-19 virus, safety and terrorism;



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changes in weather patterns leading to warmer winters in the northern hemisphere and lower gas demand in the traditional peak heating season;



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the availability and allocation of capital by developers to new LNG projects, especially the major oil and gas companies and other leading participants in the LNG industry;



•

increases in interest rates, capital market volatility, changes in bank regulations or other events that may affect the availability of sufficient financing for LNG projects on commercially reasonable terms;



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negative global or regional economic or political conditions, particularly in LNG consuming regions which could reduce energy consumption or its growth;



•

new taxes or regulations affecting LNG production or liquefaction that make LNG production less attractive;

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•

labor or political unrest or military conflicts affecting existing or proposed areas of LNG production, regasification or consumption;



•

any significant explosion, spill or other incident involving an LNG facility or carrier; or



•

regional, national or international energy policies that constrain the production or consumption of hydrocarbons including natural gas.

        In recent years, global natural gas and crude oil prices have been volatile. Any decline in oil prices can depress natural gas prices and lead to a narrowing of the difference in pricing between geographic regions, which can adversely affect the length of voyages in the spot LNG shipping market and the spot rates and medium-term charter rates for charters which commence in the near future.

A continuation of the recent low prices in natural gas and volatile oil prices may adversely affect our growth prospects, results of operations and cash flows.

        Natural gas prices are volatile and have recently reached their lowest levels since 2009 in certain geographic areas. Natural gas prices are affected by numerous factors beyond our control, including but not limited to the following:

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price and availability of crude oil, petroleum products and coal;



•

worldwide and regional supply of, demand for and price of natural gas;



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the cost of exploration, development, production, transportation and distribution of natural gas;



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expectations regarding future energy prices for both natural gas and other sources of energy, including renewable energy sources and coal;



•

the level of worldwide LNG production and exports;



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government laws and regulations, including but not limited to environmental protection laws and regulations;



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local and international political, economic and weather conditions;



•

political and military conflicts; and



•

the availability and cost of alternative energy sources, including coal and alternate sources of natural gas in gas importing and consuming countries.

        Given the significant global natural gas and crude oil price volatility referenced above, and with eight vessels currently scheduled to come off charter during 2020 and 2021, a continuation of current low natural gas or oil prices may adversely affect our future business, results of operations and financial condition and our ability to pay cash dividends, as a result of, among other things:

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a reduction in exploration for or development of new natural gas reserves or projects, or the delay or cancellation of existing projects as energy companies lower their capital expenditures budgets, which may reduce our growth opportunities;



•

low oil prices negatively affecting the market price of natural gas, to the extent that natural gas prices are benchmarked to the price of crude oil, in turn negatively affecting the economics of potential new LNG production projects, which may reduce our growth opportunities;



•

high oil prices negatively affecting the competitiveness of natural gas to the extent that natural gas prices are linked to the price of crude oil;



•

low gas prices globally and/or weak differentials between prices in the Atlantic Basin and the Pacific Basin leading to reduced inter-basin trading of LNG and reduced demand for LNG shipping;

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•

lower demand for vessels of the types we own and operate, which may reduce available charter rates and revenue to us upon redeployment of our vessels following expiration or termination of existing contracts or upon the initial chartering of vessels;



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customers potentially seeking to renegotiate or terminate existing vessel contracts, or failing to extend or renew contracts upon expiration;



•

the inability or refusal of customers to make charter payments to us due to financial constraints or otherwise; or



•

declines in vessel values, which may result in losses to us upon vessel sales or impairment charges against our earnings and could impact compliance with covenants in loan documentation.

Changes in global and regional economic conditions and capital markets volatility could adversely impact our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

        Weak global or regional economic conditions may negatively impact our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows, including cash available for dividends to our shareholders in ways that we cannot predict. Our ability to expand our fleet beyond our contracted newbuildings will be dependent on our ability to obtain financing to fund the acquisition of additional ships. In addition, uncertainty about current and future global economic conditions may cause our customers to defer projects in response to tighter credit, decreased capital availability and declining customer confidence, may negatively impact the demand for our ships and services and could also result in defaults under our current charters. Global financial markets and economic conditions have been volatile in recent years and remain subject to significant vulnerabilities. A further tightening of the credit markets may negatively impact our operations by affecting the solvency of our suppliers or customers, which could lead to disruptions in delivery of supplies such as equipment for conversions, cost increases for supplies, accelerated payments to suppliers, customer bad debts or reduced revenues. Similarly, such market conditions could affect lenders participating in our financing agreements, making them unable to fulfill their commitments and obligations to us. Any reductions in activity owing to such conditions or failure by our customers, suppliers or lenders to meet their contractual obligations to us could adversely affect our business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows, including cash available for dividends to our shareholders.

        GasLog LNG Services, our vessels' management company, and a substantial number of its staff, including members of our Senior Management, are located in Greece. A return of economic instability in Greece could disrupt our operations and have an adverse effect on our business. We have sought to minimize this risk and preserve operational stability by carefully developing staff deployment plans, an information technology recovery site, an alternative ship-to-shore communications plan and funding mechanisms outside of Greece. While we believe these plans, combined with the international nature of our operations, will mitigate the impact of any disruption of operations in Greece, we cannot assure you that these plans will be effective in all circumstances.

        GasLog has an office in England and our vessels may visit ports within the United Kingdom. The United Kingdom exited the European Union on January 31, 2020 and entered a transition period from February 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020 during which it will seek to agree to the terms of its future relationship with the European Union. Uncertainty regarding the relationship between the United Kingdom and the European Union post 2020 may create economic instability in the United Kingdom which could disrupt our operations and have an adverse effect on our business. Whilst we will seek to minimize any potential risk by putting appropriate mitigation plans in place, we cannot assure you that these plans will be effective in all circumstances.

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Compliance with safety and other requirements imposed by classification societies may be very costly and may adversely affect our business.

        The hull and machinery of every commercial LNG carrier must be certified by a classification society. The classification society certifies that the ship has been built and subsequently maintained in accordance with the applicable rules and regulations of that classification society. Moreover, every ship must comply with all applicable international conventions and the regulations of the ship's flag state as verified by a classification society. Finally, each ship must successfully undergo periodic surveys, including annual, intermediate and special surveys performed under the classification society's rules.

        If any ship does not maintain its class, it will lose its insurance coverage and be unable to trade, and the ship's owner will be in breach of relevant covenants under its financing arrangements and potentially its charter contracts. Failure to maintain the class of one or more of our ships could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows, including cash available for dividends to our shareholders.

Climate change and greenhouse gas restrictions may adversely impact our operations and markets.

        Due to concern over the risks of climate change, a number of countries and the IMO, have adopted, or are considering the adoption of, regulatory frameworks to reduce greenhouse gas emission from ships. These regulatory measures may include the adoption of cap and trade regimes, carbon taxes, increased efficiency standards and incentives or mandates for renewable energy. Although emissions of greenhouse gases from international shipping currently are not subject to agreements under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, such as the "Kyoto Protocol" and the "Paris Agreement", a new treaty may be adopted in the future that includes additional restrictions on shipping emissions to those already adopted under the International Convention for the Prevention of Marine Pollution from Ships, or the "MARPOL Convention". Compliance with future changes in laws and regulations relating to climate change could increase the costs of operating and maintaining our ships and could require us to install new emission controls, as well as acquire allowances, pay taxes related to our greenhouse gas emissions or administer and manage a greenhouse gas emissions program. Revenue generation and strategic growth opportunities may also be adversely affected.

        There is increasing focus on the environmental footprint of the energy and transportation sectors from governments, regulators, shareholders, customers, environmental pressure groups and other stakeholders. This has been manifested recently by Shell's commitment to base executive remuneration in part on the achievement of specific carbon emissions targets, covering all of its activities and products and those of its suppliers. GasLog's vessels on charter to Shell and other energy companies form part of their supply chain and are likely to be captured within these targets. In addition, many large financial institutions are under pressure both to reduce their own environmental footprints and to monitor the environmental footprints of the companies and projects to which they lend. While LNG is among the cleanest marine transportation fuels, and while there are no legally binding obligations on GasLog or its peers to reduce emissions today, the focus and pressure on the environmental footprint of the marine transportation sector is likely to remain high and may increase. Any specific requirements imposed on GasLog by regulators, governments, customers or other stakeholders may impact the useful life of our vessels, increase our operating costs or require us to undertake significant investments in our vessels which may reduce our revenues, profits and cash flows and may impact our ability to pay dividends to our shareholders.

        Adverse effects upon the oil and gas industry relating to climate change, including growing public concern about the environmental impact of climate change, may also have an effect on demand for our services. For example, increased regulation of greenhouse gases or other concerns relating to climate change may reduce the demand for oil and natural gas in the future or create greater incentives for use

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of alternative energy sources. Any long-term material adverse effect on the oil and gas industry could have significant and unpredictable financial and operational adverse impacts on our business.

We operate our ships worldwide, which could expose us to political, governmental and economic instability that could harm our business.

        Because we operate our ships in the geographic areas where our customers do business, our operations may be affected by political, governmental and economic conditions in the countries where our ships operate or where they are registered. Any disruption caused by these factors could harm our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows, including cash available for payment of dividends to shareholders. In particular, our ships frequent LNG terminals in countries including Egypt, Nigeria, Equatorial Guinea and Trinidad, as well as transit through the Gulf of Aden and the Strait of Hormuz. Future hostilities or other political instability in the geographic regions where we operate or may operate could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows, including cash available for payment of dividends to shareholders. General trade tensions between the U.S. and China escalated in 2018, with three rounds of U.S. tariffs on Chinese goods taking effect in July, August and September 2018 and a further round taking effect in September 2019, each followed by a round of retaliatory Chinese tariffs on U.S. goods. Our business could be harmed by these tariffs, as well as any trade embargoes or other economic sanctions by the United States or other countries against countries in the Middle East, Asia, Russia or elsewhere as a result of terrorist attacks, hostilities or diplomatic or political pressures that limit trading activities with those countries.

Failure to control the outbreak of the COVID-19 virus is negatively affecting the global economy, energy demand and our business.

        The recent COVID-19 virus outbreak has introduced uncertainty in a number of areas of our business, including our operational, commercial and financial activities. It has also negatively impacted, and may continue to impact negatively, global economic activity, demand for energy including LNG, particularly in China, and funds flows and sentiment in the global financial markets. Our share price has recently declined significantly, due in part to the impact of the COVID-19 virus. The ongoing spread of the COVID-19 virus may continue to negatively affect our business, our operations, including our newbuildings under construction in South Korea, and our financial position and prospects. Failure to control the continued spread of the virus could significantly impact economic activity, demand for LNG and LNG shipping which could further negatively affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash available for payment of dividends to shareholders.

Terrorist attacks, international hostilities, political change and piracy could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

        Terrorist attacks, piracy and the current conflicts in the Middle East and elsewhere, as well as other current and future conflicts and political change, may adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows, including cash available for dividends to our shareholders. The continuing hostilities in the Middle East may lead to additional acts of terrorism, further regional conflicts, other armed actions around the world and civil disturbance in the United States or elsewhere, which may contribute to further instability in the global financial markets. These uncertainties could also adversely affect our ability to obtain additional financing on terms acceptable to us, or at all.

        In the past, political conflicts have also resulted in attacks on ships, mining of waterways and other efforts to disrupt international shipping, particularly in the Arabian Gulf region. Acts of terrorism and piracy have also affected ships trading in regions such as the South China Sea and the Gulf of Aden. Any terrorist attacks targeted at ships may in the future have a material negative affect on our

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business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows and could directly impact our ships or our customers.

        We currently employ armed guards onboard certain vessels operating in areas that may be prone to hijacking or terrorist attacks. The presence of armed guards may increase the risk of damage, injury or loss of life in connection with any attacks on our vessels, in addition to increasing crew costs.

        We may not be adequately insured to cover losses from acts of terrorism, piracy, regional conflicts and other armed actions, including losses relating to the employment of armed guards.

        LNG facilities, shipyards, ships, pipelines and gas fields could be targets of future terrorist attacks or piracy. Any such attacks could lead to, among other things, bodily injury or loss of life, as well as damage to the ships or other property, increased ship operating costs, including insurance costs, reductions in the supply of LNG and the inability to transport LNG to or from certain locations. Terrorist attacks, war or other events beyond our control that adversely affect the production, storage or transportation of LNG to be shipped by us could entitle our customers to terminate our charter contracts in certain circumstances, which would harm our cash flows and our business.

        Terrorist attacks, or the perception that LNG facilities and LNG carriers are potential terrorist targets, could materially and adversely affect expansion of LNG infrastructure and the continued supply of LNG. Concern that LNG facilities may be targeted for attack by terrorists has contributed significantly to local community and environmental group resistance to the construction of a number of LNG facilities, primarily in North America. If a terrorist incident involving an LNG facility or LNG carrier did occur, in addition to the possible effects identified in the previous paragraph, the incident may adversely affect the construction of additional LNG facilities and could lead to the temporary or permanent closing of various LNG facilities currently in operation.

In the future, the ships we own or manage could be required to call at ports located in countries that are subject to restrictions imposed by the United States and other governments.

        The United States and other governments and their agencies impose sanctions and embargoes on certain countries and maintain lists of countries they consider to be state sponsors of terrorism. For example, in 2010, the United States enacted the Comprehensive Iran Sanctions Accountability and Divestment Act, or "CISADA", which expanded the scope of the former Iran Sanctions Act. Among other things, CISADA expanded the application of the prohibitions imposed by the U.S. government to non-U.S. companies, such as GasLog, and limits the ability of companies and persons to do business or trade with Iran when such activities relate to the investment, supply or export of refined petroleum or petroleum products, as well as LNG.

        In 2012, President Obama signed Executive Order 13608, which prohibits foreign persons from violating, or attempting to violate, or causing a violation of, any sanctions in effect against Iran, or facilitating any deceptive transactions for or on behalf of any person subject to U.S. sanctions. The Secretary of the Treasury may prohibit any transactions or dealings, including any U.S. capital markets financing, involving any person found to be in violation of Executive Order 13608. Also in 2012, the U.S. enacted the Iran Threat Reduction and Syria Human Rights Act of 2012, or the "ITRA", which created new sanctions and strengthened existing sanctions. Among other things, the ITRA intensifies existing sanctions regarding the provision of goods, services, infrastructure or technology to Iran's petroleum or petrochemical sector. The ITRA also includes a provision requiring the President of the United States to impose five or more sanctions from Section 6(a) of the Iran Sanctions Act, as amended, on a person the President determines is a controlling beneficial owner of, or otherwise owns, operates, or controls or insures a vessel that was used to transport crude oil from Iran to another country and (1) if the person is a controlling beneficial owner of the vessel, the person had actual knowledge the vessel was so used or (2) if the person otherwise owns, operates, or controls, or insures the vessel, the person knew or should have known the vessel was so used. Such a person could be

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subject to a variety of sanctions, including exclusion from U.S. capital markets, exclusion from financial transactions subject to U.S. jurisdiction, and exclusion of such person's vessels from U.S. ports for up to two years. The ITRA also includes a requirement that issuers of securities must disclose to the SEC in their annual and quarterly reports filed after February 6, 2013 whether the issuer or "any affiliate" has "knowingly" engaged in certain sanctioned activities involving Iran during the timeframe covered by the report. Finally, in January 2013, the U.S. enacted the Iran Freedom and Counter-Proliferation Act of 2012 or the "IFCA", which expanded the scope of U.S. sanctions on any person that is part of Iran's energy, shipping or shipbuilding sector and operators of ports in Iran, and imposes penalties on any person who facilitates or otherwise knowingly provides significant financial, material or other support to these entities.

        On January 16, 2016, the United States suspended certain sanctions against Iran applicable to non-U.S. companies, such as us, pursuant to the nuclear agreement reached between Iran, China, France, Germany, Russia, the United Kingdom, the United States and the European Union. To implement these changes, beginning on January 16, 2016, the United States waived enforcement of many of the sanctions against Iran's energy and petrochemical sectors described above, among other things, including certain provisions of CISADA, ITRA, and IFCA. In May 2018, President Trump announced the withdrawal of the U.S. from the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action and almost all the U.S. sanctions waived and lifted in January 2016 were reinstated in August 2018 and November 2018, respectively.

        Although the ships we own have not called on ports in countries subject to sanctions or embargoes or in countries identified as state sponsors of terrorism, including Iran, North Korea and Syria, we can give no assurance that these ships will not call on ports in these countries in the future. While we intend to maintain compliance with all sanctions and embargoes applicable to us, U.S. and international sanctions and embargo laws and regulations do not necessarily apply to the same countries or proscribe the same activities, which may make compliance difficult. Additionally, the scope of certain laws may be unclear, and these laws may be subject to changing interpretations and application and may be amended or strengthened from time to time, including by adding or removing countries from the proscribed lists. Violations of sanctions and embargo laws and regulations could result in fines or other penalties and could result in some investors deciding, or being required, to divest their investment, or not to invest, in us.

Failure to comply with the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, the UK Bribery Act and other anti-bribery legislation in other jurisdictions could result in fines, criminal penalties, contract terminations and an adverse effect on our business.

        We operate our ships worldwide, requiring our ships to trade in countries known to have a reputation for corruption. We are committed to doing business in accordance with applicable anti-corruption laws and have adopted a code of business conduct and ethics which is consistently applied and in full compliance with the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, or the "FCPA", and the Bribery Act 2010 of the United Kingdom or the "UK Bribery Act". We are subject, however, to the risk that we, our affiliated entities or our or their respective officers, directors, employees and agents may take actions determined to be in violation of such anti-corruption laws, including the FCPA and the UK Bribery Act. Any such violation could result in substantial fines, sanctions, civil and/or criminal penalties, or curtailment of operations in certain jurisdictions, and might adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows, including cash available for dividends to our shareholders. In addition, actual or alleged violations could damage our reputation and ability to do business. Furthermore, detecting, investigating, and resolving actual or alleged violations is expensive and can consume significant senior management time and attention.

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Changing laws and evolving reporting requirements could have an adverse effect on our business.

        Changing laws, regulations and standards relating to reporting requirements may create additional compliance requirements for us. To maintain high standards of corporate governance and public disclosure, GasLog has invested in, and intends to continue to invest in, reasonably necessary resources to comply with evolving standards.

        The European Union Code of Conduct Group has assessed the tax policies of a range of countries including Bermuda, where our vessel owning entities are incorporated. Bermuda was included in a list of jurisdictions which are required to address the European Union Code of Conduct Group's concerns in respect of 'economic substance'. Bermuda, along with the British Virgin Islands, the Cayman Islands, Guernsey, Bailiwick of Jersey and the Isle of Man, has committed to comply with the European Union Code of Conduct Group's requirements on economic substance and has passed legislation in the form of the Economic Substance Act 2018 (the "ESA"). Currently, there is uncertainty surrounding the interpretation of the ESA and the relevant regulations as the Bermuda government, along with the respective governments of the other jurisdictions referenced above, remain in discussions with the European Union Code of Conduct Group.

        At present, the impact of these new economic substance requirements seems clear, and GasLog has filed the required returns confirming we have appropriate economic substance in Bermuda. However, it is not possible to accurately predict the outcome of any review by the authorities as to whether or not GasLog and its business has accurately interpreted the requirements. Whilst we believe we have taken appropriate advice and counsel from the relevant authorities and external legal advisors, the requirements may increase the complexity and costs of carrying on GasLog's business with entities incorporated in Bermuda.

Our insurance may be insufficient to cover losses that may occur to our property or result from our operations which could adversely affect our results of operations and cash flows.

        The operation of any ship includes risks such as mechanical failure, personal injury, collision, fire, contact with floating objects, property loss or damage, cargo loss or damage and business interruption due to a number of reasons, including political circumstances in foreign countries, hostilities and labor strikes. In addition, there is always an inherent possibility of a marine disaster, including collision, explosion, spills and other environmental mishaps, and other liabilities arising from owning, operating or managing ships in international trade. Although we carry protection and indemnity, hull and machinery, loss of hire and cyber risk insurance covering our ships consistent with industry standards, we can give no assurance that we are adequately insured against all risks or that our insurers will pay a particular claim. In addition, we may be unable to insure against certain cyber events that may disrupt our information and operational technology systems. We also may be unable to procure adequate insurance coverage at commercially reasonable rates in the future. Even if our insurance coverage is adequate to cover our losses, we may not be able to obtain a timely replacement ship in the event of a loss of a ship. Any uninsured or underinsured loss could harm our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows, including cash available for dividends to shareholders.

        In addition, some of our insurance coverage is maintained through mutual protection and indemnity associations, and, as a member of such associations, we may be required to make additional payments over and above budgeted premiums if member claims exceed association reserves.

Reliability of suppliers may limit our ability to obtain supplies and services when needed.

        We rely, and will in the future rely, on a significant supply of consumables, spare parts and equipment to operate, maintain, repair and upgrade our fleet of ships. Delays in delivery or unavailability of supplies could result in off-hire days due to consequent delays in the repair and maintenance of our fleet. This would negatively impact our revenues and cash flows. Cost increases

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could also negatively impact our future operations, although the impact of significant cost increases may be mitigated to some extent with respect to the vessels that are employed under charter contracts with automatic periodic adjustment provisions or cost review provisions.

Governments could requisition our ships during a period of war or emergency, resulting in loss of earnings.

        The government of a jurisdiction where one or more of our ships are registered could requisition for title or seize our ships. Requisition for title occurs when a government takes control of a ship and becomes its owner. Also, a government could requisition our ships for hire. Requisition for hire occurs when a government takes control of a ship and effectively becomes the charterer at dictated charter rates. Generally, requisitions occur during a period of war or emergency, although governments may elect to requisition ships in other circumstances. Although we would expect to be entitled to government compensation in the event of a requisition of one or more of our ships, the amount and timing of payments, if any, would be uncertain. A government requisition of one or more of our ships would result in off-hire days under our time charters, may cause us to breach covenants in certain of our credit facilities and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows, including cash available for dividends to our shareholders.

Maritime claimants could arrest our ships, which could interrupt our cash flows.

        Crew members, suppliers of goods and services to a ship, shippers or receivers of cargo and other parties may be entitled to a maritime lien against a ship for unsatisfied debts, claims or damages. In many jurisdictions, a maritime lienholder may enforce its lien by arresting a ship. The arrest or attachment of one or more of our ships which is not timely discharged could cause us to default on a charter or breach covenants in certain of our credit facilities and, to the extent such arrest or attachment is not covered by our protection and indemnity insurance, could require us to pay large sums of money to have the arrest or attachment lifted. Any of these occurrences could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows, including cash available for dividends to our shareholders.

        Additionally, in some jurisdictions, such as the Republic of South Africa, under the "sister ship" theory of liability, a claimant may arrest both the ship that is subject to the claimant's maritime lien and any "associated" ship, which is any ship owned or controlled by the same owner. Claimants could try to assert "sister ship" liability against one ship in our fleet for claims relating to another of our ships.

We may be subject to litigation that could have an adverse effect on us.

        We may in the future be involved from time to time in litigation matters. These matters may include, among other things, contract disputes, personal injury claims, environmental claims or proceedings, toxic tort claims, employment matters and governmental claims for taxes or duties, as well as other litigation that arises in the ordinary course of our business. We cannot predict with certainty the outcome of any claim or other litigation matter. The ultimate outcome of any litigation matter and the potential costs associated with prosecuting or defending such lawsuits, including the diversion of management's attention to these matters, could have an adverse effect on us and, in the event of litigation that could reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on us, could lead to an event of default under certain of our credit facilities.

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Risks Inherent in an Investment in GasLog

Due to our lack of diversification, adverse developments in the LNG market and/or in the LNG transportation industry could adversely affect our business, particularly if such developments occur at a time when we are seeking new charters for our vessels.

        We rely exclusively on the cash flow generated from charters for our LNG vessels and management of third party LNG vessels. Due to our lack of diversification, an adverse development in the LNG market and/or the LNG transportation industry could have a significantly greater impact on our business, particularly if such developments occur at a time when our ships are not under charter or nearing the end of their charters, than if we maintained more diverse assets or lines of businesses.

Our contracts for the seven newbuildings we have on order as of March 2, 2020 are subject to risks that could cause delays in the delivery of the ships, which could adversely affect our results of operations and cash flows.

        Our seven contracted newbuildings are scheduled to be delivered to us on various dates between 2020 and 2021. Significant delays in the delivery of one or more of these ships, which are expected to generate a substantial portion of our contracted revenue in future years, would delay our receipt of revenues under the related time charters. For prolonged delays, the customer may terminate the charter and, in addition to the resulting loss of revenues, we may be responsible for additional substantial liquidated damages, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows, including cash available for dividends to our shareholders. In addition, the delivery of any of these ships with substantial defects or unexpected operational problems could have similar consequences.

        The completion and delivery of newbuildings or conversions could be delayed because of:

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quality or engineering problems;



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changes in governmental regulations or maritime self-regulatory organization standards;



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work stoppages or other labor disturbances at the shipyard;



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bankruptcy or other financial crisis of the shipbuilder;



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a backlog of orders at the shipyard;



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political or economic disturbances;



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weather interference or a catastrophic event, such as a major earthquake or fire;



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accidents, diseases or pandemics, including the COVID-19 virus;



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requests for changes to the original vessel specifications;



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shortages of or delays in the receipt of necessary construction materials, such as steel;



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the inability to finance the construction or conversion of the vessels; or



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the inability to obtain requisite permits or approvals.

        If delivery of a vessel is materially delayed, it could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows, including cash available for dividends to our shareholders.

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As we take delivery of our newbuildings or any secondhand ships we acquire in the future, we will need to expand our staff and crew. If we cannot recruit and retain employees and provide adequate compensation, our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows may be adversely affected.

        Our ability to acquire and retain customers depends on a number of factors, including our ability to staff our vessels with masters, officers and crews of suitable experience in operating LNG carriers. As we take delivery of our newbuildings or any secondhand ships we acquire in the future, we expect to hire a significant number of seafarers qualified to staff and operate our new vessels, as well as additional shoreside personnel. As the global LNG carrier fleet continues to grow, we expect the demand for technically skilled and experienced officers and crew to increase. This could lead to an industry-wide shortfall of qualified personnel, resulting in increased crew costs, which could constrain our ability to recruit suitable employees to operate our LNG carriers within our budget parameters.

        Material increases in crew costs could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows, including cash available for dividends to our shareholders. In addition, if we cannot recruit and retain sufficient numbers of quality on-board seafaring personnel, we may not be able to fully utilize our expanded fleet, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows, including cash available for dividends to our shareholders.

We may have difficulty further expanding our fleet in the future.

        We may expand our fleet beyond our contracted newbuildings by ordering additional newbuildings or by making selective acquisitions of high-quality secondhand vessels to the extent that they are available in the same way that we acquired the GasLog Chelsea and the eight vessels acquired from MSL in 2014 and 2015. Our future growth will depend on numerous factors, some of which are beyond our control, including our ability to:

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identify attractive ship acquisition opportunities and consummate such acquisitions;



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obtain newbuilding contracts at acceptable prices;



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obtain required equity and debt financing on acceptable terms;



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secure charter arrangements on terms acceptable to us and to our lenders;



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recruit and retain additional suitably qualified and experienced seafarers and shore-based employees;



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continue to meet technical and safety performance standards;



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manage joint ventures; and



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manage the expansion of our operations to integrate the new ships into our fleet.