UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10

GENERAL FORM FOR REGISTRATION OF SECURITIES
Pursuant to Section 12(b) or (g) of The Securities Exchange Act of 1934

EMC METALS CORP.
(Exact Name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

British Columbia, Canada Not Applicable
(State or other Jurisdiction of Incorporation (I.R.S. Employer
or organization) Identification No.)
   
11th Floor – 888 Dunsmuir Street  
Vancouver, BC, Canada V6C 3K4
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)

Registrant’s Telephone Number, including area code: (604) 648-4653

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None

Securities to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
Common Shares without par value
(Title of class)

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act (Check one):

Large Accelerated Filer [   ] Accelerated Filer                   [   ]
Non-Accelerated Filer   [   ] Smaller Reporting Company[X]


TABLE OF CONTENTS

Note about Forward-Looking Statements 3
     
Note on Currency of Financial Information and Exchange Rate Table 3
     
Glossary of Terms 4
     
ITEM 1. BUSINESS 8
     
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS 13
     
ITEM 2. FINANCIAL INFORMATION 16
     
ITEM 3. PROPERTIES 29
     
ITEM 4. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT 40
     
ITEM 5. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS 41
     
ITEM 6. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION 44
     
ITEM 7. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE 46
     
ITEM 8. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS 47
     
ITEM 9. MARKET PRICE OF AND DIVIDENDS ON THE REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS 47
     
ITEM 10. RECENT SALES OF UNREGISTERED SECURITIES 48
     
ITEM 11. DESCRIPTION OF REGISTRANT’S SECURITIES TO BE REGISTERED 50
     
ITEM 12. INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS 51
     
ITEM 13. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA 51
     
ITEM 14. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE 51
     
ITEM 15. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS SCHEDULES AND EXHIBITS 51


Note about Forward-Looking Statements

Certain statements contained in this registration statement constitute "forward-looking statements". Forward-looking statements may include, but are not limited to, statements with respect to the future price of commodities, the estimation of mineral resources, the realization of mineral resource estimates, the timing and amount of estimated future production, costs of production, capital expenditures, costs and timing of the development of new deposits, success of exploration activities, permitting time lines, currency fluctuations, requirements for additional capital, government regulation of mining operations, environmental risks, unanticipated reclamation expenses, title disputes or claims, the completion of financings and regulatory approvals. In certain cases, forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of words such as "plans", "expects" or "does not expect", "is expected", "scheduled", "estimates", "intends", "anticipates" or "believes", or variations of such words and phrases or state that certain actions, events or results "may", "could", "would", "might" or "will be taken", "occur" or "be achieved". Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward looking statements. Such factors may include, among others, risks related to our joint venture operations; actual results of current exploration activities or production technologies that we are currently testing; actual results of reclamation activities; future metal prices; accidents, labour disputes and other risks of the mining industry; delays in obtaining governmental or regulatory approvals or financing or in the completion of development activities, as well as those factors discussed in the section entitled "Risk Factors" and elsewhere in this registration statement. Although we have attempted to identify important factors that could cause actual actions, events or results to differ materially from those described in forward looking statements, there may be other factors that cause actions, events or results not to be as anticipated, estimated or intended. There can be no assurance that forward-looking statements will prove to be accurate, as actual results and future events could differ materially from those anticipated in such statements. Accordingly, readers should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements.

Note on Currency of Financial Information and Exchange Rate Table

We maintain our books of account in Canadian dollars and references to dollar amounts herein are to the lawful currency of Canada unless otherwise indicated.

The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, certain exchange rates based on the noon buying rate in New York City for cable transfers in Canadian dollars. Such rates are the number of Canadian dollars per one (1) U.S. dollar. The high and low exchange rates for each month during the previous six months were as follows:

  High Low
     
April 2011 0.9705 0.9491
March 2011 0.9891 0.9698
February 2011 0.9984 0.9710
January 2011 1.0060 0.9848
December 2010 1.0216 0.9931
November 2010 1.0286 0.9980

The following table sets out the exchange rate (price of one U.S. dollar in Canadian dollars) information as at each of the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009.

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  Year Ended December 31
  (Canadian $ per U.S. $)
  2010 2009
Rate at end of Period 0.9946 1.0510
Average during Period 1.0299 1.1420
Low 0.9931 1.0251
High 1.0848 1.3066

Glossary of Terms

Alteration

Usually referring to chemical reactions in a rock mass resulting from the passage of hydrothermal fluids.

 

Assay

An analysis to determine the presence, absence or quantity of one or more components, elements or minerals.

 

Base metal

Any non-precious metal (e.g. copper, lead, zinc, nickel, etc.).

 

Chalcopyrite

A yellow crystalline mineral consisting of a sulphide of copper and iron. It is the principal ore of copper.

 

Concession

A grant of a tract of land made by a government or other controlling authority in return for stipulated services or a promise that the land will be used for a specific purpose.

 

Core

The long cylindrical piece of a rock, up to several inches in diameter, brought to the surface by Diamond drilling.

 

Diamond drilling

A drilling method in which the cutting is done by abrasion using diamonds embedded in a matrix rather than by percussion. The drill cuts a core of rock, which is recovered in long cylindrical sections.

 

Dip

The angle at which a vein, structure or rock bed is inclined from the horizontal as measured at right angles to the Strike; may also apply to the angle of inclination for a drill hole.

 

Epithermal

A hydrothermal mineral deposit formed within about one kilometer of the earth’s surface and in the temperature range of 50 – 200 degrees Celsius. Also used to denote the environment of deposition.

 

Fractures

Breaks in a rock, usually due to intensive folding or faulting.

 

Grade

The concentration of a valuable mineral within an Ore.

 

Hydrothermal

Hot fluids, usually water, which may, or may not carry metals and other compounds in solution to the site of mineral deposition or wall rock alteration.

 

Igneous

A rock formed by the cooling of molten silicate material.

 

Intrusion

A general term for a body of Igneous rock formed below the surface of the earth.

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Intrusive

A body of Igneous rock formed by the consolidation of magma intruded into other rocks, in contrast to lavas, which are extruded upon the surface.

 
Kg

Kilogram which is equivalent to approximately 2.20 pounds.

 
Km

Kilometer which is equivalent to approximately 0.62 miles.

 

 

Kt

Thousand tonnes.

 

 

Lode

A deposit of metallic ore filling a fissure in the surrounding rock.

 

 

Mineralization

A term used to describe the presence of minerals of possible economic value. Also used to describe the process by which concentration of economic minerals occurs.

 

 

Mlbs

Million pounds.

 

 

Net Smelter
Returns Royalty

A share of the net revenues generated from the sale of metal produced by a mine.

 

 

NI 43-101

National Instrument 43-101 – Standards for Disclosure of Mineral Projects , being the regulation adopted by Canadian securities regulators that governs the public disclosure of technical and scientific information concerning a mineral property .

 

 

Ore

A naturally occurring solid material from which a metal or valuable mineral can be profitably extracted.

 

 

Outcrop

An exposure of rock at the earth’s surface.

 

 

Pegmatite

Coarse-grained igneous rocks that often occur as wide veins cutting across other types of rock.

 

 

Porphyry

Igneous rock of any composition that contains conspicuous crystals in a fine grained groundmass.

 

 

ppb and ppm

Parts per billion and parts per million, respectively.

 

 

Pyrite

Iron Sulphide mineral. The most common and abundant Sulphide mineral and often found in association with copper and gold.

 

 

Qualified Person

Means a Qualified Person as defined in National Instrument 43-101, including an engineer or geoscientist in good standing with their professional association, with at least five years of relevant experience.

 

 

Quartz

The second most common rock forming mineral in the earth’s crust. SiO2.

 

 

Resource

Means any of a measured, indicated or inferred resource as used in NI 43-101, and having the following meanings:

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“measured resource” is that part of a Mineral Resource for which quantity, grade or quality, densities, shape, and physical characteristics are so well established that they can be estimated with confidence sufficient to allow the appropriate application of technical and economic parameters, to support production planning and evaluation of the economic viability of the deposit. The estimate is based on detailed and reliable exploration, sampling and testing information gathered through appropriate techniques from locations such as outcrops, trenches, pits, workings and drill holes that are spaced closely enough to confirm both geological and grade continuity.

 

“indicated resource” is that part of a Mineral Resource for which quantity, grade or quality, densities, shape and physical characteristics, can be estimated with a level of confidence sufficient to allow the appropriate application of technical and economic parameters, to support mine planning and evaluation of the economic viability of the deposit. The estimate is based on detailed and reliable exploration and testing information gathered through appropriate techniques from locations such as outcrops, trenches, pits, workings and drill holes that are spaced closely enough for geological and grade continuity to be reasonably assumed.

 

“inferred resource” is that part of a Mineral Resource for which quantity and grade or quality can be estimated on the basis of geological evidence and limited sampling and reasonably assumed, but not verified, geological and grade continuity. The estimate is based on limited information and sampling gathered through appropriate techniques from locations such as outcrops, trenches, pits, workings and drill holes.

 

For the purposes of the above a “ mineral resource ” means a concentration or occurrence of diamonds, natural solid inorganic material, or natural solid fossilized organic material including base and precious metals, coal, and industrial minerals in or on the Earth’s crust in such form and quantity and of such a grade or quality that it has reasonable prospects for economic extraction. The location, quantity, grade, geological characteristics and continuity of a Mineral Resource are known, estimated or interpreted from specific geological evidence and knowledge.

 

(Please refer to “ Item 3. Property - Cautionary Note To U.S. Investors Regarding Resource Estimates” in regards to the use of the above terms in this registration statement.)

 

Rhyolite

The fine grained equivalent of a granite.

 

Sulphide

A class of minerals characterized by the linkage of sulphur with a metal (such as Pyrite (FeS2)).

 

tpd

Tonnes per day.

 

Tonnes

A metric ton which is equivalent to approximately 2,204 pounds.

 

Tuff

A Volcanic rock formed through the compaction of volcanic crystals and/or rock fragments generally smaller than 4 mm in diameter.

 

Sedimentary

A rock formed from cemented or compacted Sediments.

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Sediments

The debris resulting from the weathering and breakup of other rocks that have been deposited by or carried by runoff, streams and rivers, or left over from glacial erosion or sometimes from wind action.

 

Strike

The direction or bearing from true north of a vein, rock formation or structure measured on a horizontal surface.

 

Vein

A geological feature comprised of minerals (usually dominated by quartz) that are found filling openings in rocks created by faults or replacing rocks on either side of faults or Fractures.

 

Volcanic rock

A finely crystalline or glassy Igneous rock resulting from volcanic actions at or near the earth’s surface.

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ITEM 1. BUSINESS

General

We were incorporated on July 17, 2006 under the laws of British Columbia, Canada under the name Golden Predator Mines Inc. We were incorporated as a wholly owned subsidiary of Energy Metals Corp. for the purpose of holding the precious metals and certain specialty metals assets. Energy Metals was formerly a company listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange and NYSE Arca, focused on uranium development projects, and was acquired by Uranium One Inc. in August of 2007. Effective March 12, 2009, we changed our name to EMC Metals Corp.

We are a reporting issuer in the Canadian Provinces of British Columbia, Alberta and Ontario and our common shares are listed for trading on the Toronto Stock Exchange under the trading symbol “EMC”.

Our head office is located at 11 th Floor - 888 Dunsmuir Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6C 3K4, which is also the address of our registered and records office.

Loss of Foreign Private Issuer Status under U.S. Securities Laws

Based on our analysis of the number of our shares held by persons resident in the U.S. as of June 30, 2010, as well as the majority of our assets and directors being in the U.S., we do not meet the definition of a “foreign private issuer” under U.S. securities laws. As a result, effective January 1, 2011, we are subject to U.S. securities laws as applicable to a U.S. domestic company. The loss of foreign private issuer status has several implications to us, including that additional restrictions generally apply to the resale of securities issued by us after January 1, 2011 unless we file an effective registration statement with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission in respect of those securities.

Intercorporate Relationships

The chart below illustrates our corporate structure, including our subsidiaries, the jurisdictions of incorporation, and the percentage of voting securities held.

8


Recent History

Exploration Joint Venture with Jervois Mining Limited

On February 5, 2010, we entered into an Exploration Joint Venture Agreement with Jervois Mining Limited to develop the Nyngan scandium property in New South Wales, Australia, which is commonly referred to as the Nyngan Project. The Exploration Joint Venture Agreement gives us the right to earn a 50% interest in a joint venture with Jervois Mining Limited, for the purpose of holding and developing the Nyngan Project.

Pursuant to the terms of the Exploration Joint Venture Agreement, our right to proceed to form a joint venture with Jervois Mining was conditional on preliminary conditions being met including the following:

  1.

confirming to our satisfaction that Jervois, subject to prior royalty interests, was the sole and beneficial owner of the Nyngan Project free of encumbrances or claims by third parties and that the Nyngan Project is in good standing under the relevant legislation;

     
  2.

paying $300,000 to Jervois;

     
  3.

obtaining the approval of the Toronto Stock Exchange of the Exploration Joint Venture Agreement;

     
  4.

obtaining the consent of the New South Wales state government to the transactions contemplated in the Exploration Joint Venture Agreement; and

     
  5.

obtaining the approval of the Australian Government Foreign Investment Review Board for the Exploration Joint Venture Agreement.

All of the above preliminary conditions were satisfied by March 30, 2010. As a result of the satisfaction of these conditions, we now have the right to earn a 50% interest in a joint venture with Jervois Mining Limited. The Exploration Joint Venture Agreement provides that we may earn our 50% by doing the following:

  1.

conducting a minimum of AUD$500,000 in exploration and metallurgical test-work on the Nyngan Project within 180 business days of the above conditions precedent being satisfied, or paying cash in lieu thereof (the deadline was extended to June 15, 2011 pursuant to a letter agreement dated September 29, 2010);

     
  2.

delivering a feasibility study within 480 business days of the above conditions precedent being satisfied; and

     
  3.

paying to Jervois an additional AUD$1,300,000 plus taxes, within 5 business days of the delivery of the feasibility study.

Once we have acquired a 50% interest in the joint venture, the Exploration Joint Venture Agreement provides for straight-line dilution, with interests diluted below 10% being converted into a 2% Net Smelter Returns Royalty.

9


Acquisition of The Technology Store, Inc.

We entered into a stock purchase agreement dated November 19, 2009, with Willem P. Duyvesteyn and Irene G. Duyvesteyn, pursuant to which we acquired all of the issued and outstanding common shares of The Technology Store, Inc. (“TTS”), a Nevada corporation. In exchange, we issued to the shareholders of TTS, 19,037,386 of our common shares, paid USD$802,358 in cash, issued a promissory note in the amount of USD$500,000 with a maturity date of 2 years, and agreed to pay certain U.S. federal income taxes payable in connection with the transaction. The acquisition of TTS completed with an effective date of December 16, 2009.

TTS conducts research and development of commercial extractive metallurgical processes. TTS specializes in the development of specialty metals extractive technologies, with emphasis on improving recoveries in the extraction of scandium, tungsten, boron, lithium, titanium, and nickel and a host of other emerging and unusual metals. As a condition of the stock purchase agreement, Willem D. Duyvesteyn, the principal of TTS, was appointed to our board of directors on December 16, 2009.

Spin-out of Golden Predator Corp.

Pursuant to a reorganization agreement dated February 5, 2009 between us and our then wholly-owned subsidiary Golden Predator Corp., we transferred most of our precious metals assets to Golden Predator in order to focus our on specialty metals assets and pursue additional specialty assets opportunities.

Concurrently with the reorganization, we completed a spin-out of Golden Predator to our shareholders. The spin out was completed on March 6, 2009, at which time we changed our name to EMC Metals Corp. As a result of the spin-out, Golden Predator became a reporting issuer in Canada and subsequently listed on the TSX Venture Exchange and then the Toronto Stock Exchange.

In connection with the reorganization and spin-out, we granted Golden Predator certain participation and acquisition rights to gold projects that were held by our subsidiary Great American Minerals, Inc. We subsequently sold Great American Minerals to Golden Predator in November of 2010 in consideration for a reduction in inter-corporate amounts owing due to adjustments from the spin-out and other adjustments. We however retained our interest in the non-gold properties including the Carlin Vanadium property.

Pursuant to a Mine Facility Agreement dated October 25, 2010, we granted Golden Predator access and use rights to a parcel of property on a corner of the Springer Mill property, a refurbished and permitted mill located in Nevada. The access rights provide Golden Predator with a suitable site to develop an independent gold milling facility.

Fury Explorations Ltd.

In 2008 we acquired Fury Explorations Ltd. in exchange for the issuance of 10,595,814 of our common shares and 18,310,237 common share purchase warrants and options to the shareholders of Fury Explorations. The acquisition of Fury Explorations was completed on August 15, 2008. Fury Explorations held two mineral resource projects in Nevada, including a silver mine and mill, and three mineral resource properties in Mexico. In February of 2009 Fury Explorations was transferred to Golden Predator as part of our reorganization and spin-out transaction.

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Gold Standard Royalty Corporation

In 2008 we acquired Gold Standard Royalty Corporation in exchange for 2,050,000 of our common shares and options to acquire a further 168,334 of our common shares. Gold Standard holds a portfolio of gold exploration properties and leases formerly owned by the Lyle Campbell Trust. In February of 2009, Gold Standard was transferred to Golden Predator as part of our reorganization and spin-out transaction.

Great American Minerals, Inc.

In 2008 we acquired Great American Minerals, Inc., a Nevada company with gold, silver, vanadium and molybdenum assets in Nevada and California. Pursuant to the business combination agreement with Great American Minerals, we acquired a 74% equity interest in Great American Minerals for consideration of $7,480,626 in cash by way of private placement. We subsequently acquired the remaining 26% by issuing 1,045,775 of our common shares, issuing 258,383 share purchase warrants, and issuing 320,125 options to securityholders of Great American Minerals.

In 2009 we retired certain convertible debentures issued by Great American Minerals by issuing to the holders of the convertible debentures 7,336,874 of our common shares and 1,787,374 share purchase warrants, exercisable to acquire our common shares at USD$0.30 per share for a period of two years. The holders of the convertible debentures also received share purchase warrants of Golden Predator. We issued 500,040 share purchase warrants as an agent’s fee in connection with the proposal to holders of convertible debentures.

In November of 2010 we sold Great American Minerals to Golden Predator in consideration for a reduction in intercorporate amounts owing. We retained certain non-gold properties held by Great American Minerals, namely including the Carlin Vanadium Property.

Tordal and Evje Properties, Norway

In April of 2011, we entered into an option agreement with REE Mining AS of Norway, pursuant to which we acquired the option to earn 100% of the outstanding common shares in the capital of a Norwegian limited liability company which holds the exploration rights to two pegmatite properties, known as the Tordal property and the Evje property. The properties are both prospective for a grouping of specialty metals, and rare earth elements, including scandium, yttrium, tantalum, beryllium, niobium, zirconium, titanium, lithium, nickel and tin.

Under the terms of the REE Option Agreement, we may earn 60% of the Norwegian limited liability company by:

  (a)

paying to REE Mining an aggregate USD$430,000 as follows:

       
  (i)

USD$130,000 on March 31, 2011 (paid); and

       
  (ii)

an additional USD$300,000 on or before October 31, 2012; and

       
  (b)

funding not less than a total of USD$250,000 in exploration expenditures on the properties on or before September 30, 2012.

If we acquire the initial 60% interest, we can earn the remaining 40% of the Norwegian limited liability company by:

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  (a)

paying to REE Mining USD$200,000 on or before March 31, 2013; and

     
  (b)

issuing to REE Mining 1,000,000 of our common shares on or before March 31, 2013.

Business Operations

Company Summary

We are a mineral exploration and development company that is focused on the development of scandium, tungsten, vanadium, rare earth minerals, and other specialty metals, including nickel, cobalt, boron, manganese, tantalum, titanium and zirconium.

Our principal properties and projects include 100% ownership of the Springer Mine and mill complex in Nevada, a right to acquire a joint venture interest on the Nyngan Project in Australia, and 100% ownership of the Carlin Vanadium project in Nevada.

Corporate Objective and Strategy

Our primary corporate focus is to produce and sell scandium and scandium-based products, such as master alloy. None of our current properties has advanced to the development or production stage and we are currently an exploration stage company. In addition we do not currently have reserves on any of our properties. We are however conducting technical and assessment work on the Nyngan scandium property located in Australia, for the purpose of preparing a feasibility study on the development of the scandium resource. Subject to a successful feasibility study, we intend to develop the Nyngan resource for production, with a view to supplying the anticipated future demand for scandium oxide and scandium-content materials. Conceptual development plans of the Nyngan Project include construction of a commercial plant on the property that will process mineralized material extracted from the property. The time-frame for development of the project by us is subject to numerous risks and factors, including a successful feasibility study, however we are targeting 2012 for the commencement of construction of a plant. The commencement of construction is subject to various risks including our ability to earn and maintain a 50% joint venture interest in the Nyngan Project as well as the requirement to obtain project financing. For further information on the Nyngan Project, please refer to “ Item 3. Properties -

Description of Properties Nyngan Scandium Project” and “Item 1A. Risk Factors”.

Concurrently with our analysis of the Nyngan Project, we are developing and testing unique mineral recovery techniques as well as techniques to produce high quality finished scandium metals. If effective at a commercial level, these recovery and finishing techniques will provide increased economic margins and returns on capital on any future scandium production. Presently our recovery and finishing technology is in the testing phase, and there is no guarantee that we will be able to benefit from the commercial application of such techniques or that we will have scandium production in the future.

Global Scandium Production and Market

Scandium is the 31 st most abundant element in the earth’s crust (average 33 ppm), which makes it more common than lead, mercury and precious metals, but less common than copper. Scandium has characteristics that are similar to rare earth elements, and it is often classified as a member of that group, although it is technically a light transition metal. Scandium rarely occurs in concentrated quantities because it does not selectively combine with the common ore-forming anions, and it is very difficult to reduce to a pure metal state. Scandium is typically produced and sold as scandium oxide (Sc 2 O 3 ).

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Global annual production estimates of scandium range from 2 tonnes to 10 tonnes, but accurate statistics are not available due to the lack of public information from countries in which scandium is currently being produced. There are three known production sources globally today: stockpiles from the former Zhovti Voty uranium mine in Ukraine, the rare earth mine at Bayan Obo in China, and the apatite mines on the Kola Peninsula in Russia.

There is no reliable pricing data on scandium oxide trading. The U.S. Geological Survey in its latest report (January 2011) documents the price of scandium oxide at USD$1,400/kg for the four previous years, however small quantities of scandium oxide are currently offered on the internet by traders for multiples of this figure. Scandium oxide prices vary based on purity and quantity. The weight-to-price ratio of scandium metals and compounds is generally much higher for gram quantities than for kilogram purchases. Kilogram prices for scandium metal ingot are typically double the cost of the starting scandium compound, while higher purity distilled or sublimed metal ranges from four to six times the cost of the starting material.

Principal uses for scandium are in high-strength aluminum alloys, high-intensity metal halide lamps, electronics, and laser research. Recently developed applications include welding wire and fuel cells which are expected to be in future demand. Approximately 15 different commercial scandium-aluminum alloys have been developed in Russia, and some of them are used for aerospace applications. In Europe and the U.S., scandium containing alloys have been evaluated for use in structural parts in airplanes. The combination of high strength and lightweight makes scandium-aluminum alloys suitable for a number of applications.

Competitive Conditions

We compete with numerous other companies and individuals in the search for and the acquisition or control of attractive rare earth and specialty metals mineral properties. Our ability to acquire further properties will depend not only on our ability to operate and develop our properties but also on our ability to select and acquire suitable properties or prospects for development or mineral exploration.

In regards to our plan to produce scandium, there are a limited number of scandium producers presently. If we are successful at becoming a producer of scandium, our ability to be competitive with those producers will require that we establish a reliable supply of scandium to the market. In addition, our competitive advantage in delivering a finished metal would only exist if our proprietary scandium recovery and finishing techniques are effective at a commercial level, which currently is unproven.

Employees

As at May 15, 2011, we have 9 full and part time employees and 5 individuals working on a consulting basis. Our operations are managed by our officers with input from our directors. We engage geological, metallurgical, and engineering consultants from time to time as required to assist in evaluating our property interests and recommending and conducting work programs.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

In addition to the factors discussed elsewhere in this registration statement, the following are certain material risks and uncertainties that are specific to our industry and properties that could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

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Risks Associated with the Springer Project

We may not be able to utilize the Springer Property. The Springer property, which includes an existing mine and refurbished mill facility, constitutes our largest asset. In September of 2008, we suspended work on the Springer property and placed the facility on care and maintenance pending improvement in the global financial markets and strengthening tungsten prices. While tungsten prices have improved, significant additional capital and additional management resources would be required to resume operations. If we make a decision to resume operations on the Springer property such operations will require the location of additional management and additional capital. Our inability to obtain such management and capital will result in the Springer property continuing to be on care and maintenance.

The price of tungsten is subject to significant volatility. If we elect to operate the Springer mine and mill, there is no certainty that economic conditions or tungsten prices will not again deteriorate, and that production at the Springer Mine will need to be again suspended. To the extent tungsten prices may deteriorate after we commence operations, such operations may not be profitable resulting in the closure of the mine and mill, and resulting loss in value of our company to investors.

We may incur a loss if we sell the Springer property. The Springer property has a significant book value on our financial statements. We are currently considering selling the Springer property among other strategic alternatives. There is no assurance that a suitable buyer can be found for the property, or that the terms of such a sale will not result in a financial loss to us. To the extent we cannot find a suitable buyer or other strategic party, we may have to sell the property at a significant loss, resulting in a reduced asset value of the company as a whole, and a reduction in available funds for other corporate purposes. These factors may result in a reduction in the market price of our shares.

Risks Associated with the Nyngan Project

If we are not able to acquire an interest in the Nyngan Project our share price may decline. We are subject to various commitments pursuant to the terms of the Nyngan Exploration Joint Venture Agreement. There is no assurance that we will meet our payment obligations, timing deadlines or otherwise fulfill our commitments under the agreement in order to earn a 50% interest in the Nyngan Joint Venture. If we are unable to meet the requirements to earn a 50% interest, then the project will no longer be available to us. The loss of this project would likely significantly reduce the market price of our shares.

There are technical challenges to scandium production that may render the project not economic.

There is no assurance that we will demonstrate economic viability on the Nyngan resource. The economics of scandium recovery are known to be challenging. There are very few facilities producing scandium and the existing scandium producers are secretive in their techniques for recovery. In addition, the recovery of scandium product from laterite resources, such as at the Nyngan deposit, has not been demonstrated at an operating facility. The Nyngan processing facility design, if constructed, will be the first of its kind for scandium production. These factors increase the possibility that we will encounter unknown or unanticipated production and processing risks. Should any of these risks become actual, they could increase the cost of production thereby reducing margins on the project or rendering the project uneconomic.

There is no guarantee that we will be able to finance the Nyngan Project for production. Any decision to proceed with production on the Nyngan Project will require significant production financing. Scandium projects are very rare, and economic and production uncertainty may limit our ability to attract the required amount of capital to put the project into production. If we are unable to source production financing on commercially viable terms, we may not be able to proceed with the project and may have to write-off our investment in the project.

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If we are successful at achieving production, we may have difficulty selling Scandium. Scandium is characterized by unreliable supply, resulting in limited development of markets for scandium oxide. Markets may take longer to develop than anticipated, and Nyngan and other potential scandium producers may have to wait for products and applications to create adequate demand. Certain applications may require lengthy certification processes that could delay usage or acceptance. In addition certain scandium applications require very high purity scandium product, which is much more difficult to produce than lower Grade product. If we commence production, our inability to supply scandium in sufficient quantities, in a reliable and timely manner, and in the correct quality, could reduce the demand for any scandium produced from our projects and possibly render the project uneconomic.

Risks Associated with the Carlin Vanadium Property

There are technical challenges to production of Vanadium from the property that may reduce the value of the property. The Carlin property hosts vanadium contained in a black shale. This vanadium host is known to present challenging processing issues in the separation of vanadium. Techniques to separate vanadium in this environment are complex. As a result, shareholders may never see the property developed due to technical risks, and similarly the value of the property may be greatly reduced if such technical risks present an obstacle to further exploration or development of the property.

Industry requirements may limit market opportunities for vanadium production. New battery technologies are emerging that rely on vanadium, these markets may take longer than expected to develop and increase vanadium demand. These battery technologies require high purity vanadium product, which is difficult and costly to produce. The purity of any vanadium that may in the future be extracted from the Carlin property is unknown and uncertain. The inability to produce vanadium with sufficient purity for market purposes will likely reduce the economic prospects of any proposed development of the property.

General Risks Associated with our Mining Activities and Company

We may not receive permits necessary to proceed with the development of a mining project. The development of any of our properties, including the Nyngan Project, will require numerous local and national government approvals, include environmental permits. Our ability to secure all necessary permits required to develop any of our projects is unknown until we make application for such permits. If we cannot obtain all necessary permits, the project cannot be developed, and our investment in the project will likely be lost. Our future market value will likely be significantly reduced to the extent one or more of our projects cannot proceed to the development or production stage due to an inability to secure all required permits.

Mineral Resource Estimates on our properties are subject to uncertainty and may not reflect what may be economically extracted. Resource estimates included for scandium, tungsten and other minerals on our Nyngan, Springer and Carlin properties are estimates only and no assurances can be given that the estimated levels of tungsten and other minerals will actually be produced or that we will receive the tungsten and other metal prices assumed in determining our resources. Such estimates are expressions of judgment based on knowledge, mining experience, analysis of drilling and exploration results and industry practices. Estimates made at any given time may significantly change when new information becomes available or when parameters that were used for such estimates change. By their nature resource estimates are imprecise and depend, to a certain extent, upon statistical inferences which may ultimately prove unreliable. Furthermore, market price fluctuations in scandium, tungsten and other metals, as well as increased capital or production costs or reduced recovery rates, may limit our ability to establish reserves on any of our properties. The extent to which resources may ultimately be reclassified as proven or probable reserves is dependent upon the demonstration of their profitable recovery. The evaluation of reserves or resources is always influenced by economic and technological factors, which may change over time. Accordingly, current resource estimates on our material properties may never be converted into reserves, or be economically extracted, and we may have to write-off such properties or incur a loss on sale of our interest on such properties, which will likely reduce the value of our shares.

15


Our potential for a competitive advantage in specialty and rare metals production depends entirely on the availability of our Chief Technology Officer. We are dependent upon the personal efforts and commitment of Willem Duyvesteyn, our CTO, a director and significant shareholder of our company, for the continued development of new extractive technologies related to scandium and other rare and specialty metals production. The loss of the services of Mr. Duyvesteyn will likely limit our ability to use or continue the development of such technologies, which would remove the potential competitive and economic benefit of such technologies, which conceivably could render our planned projects uneconomic if prevailing commodity prices are not sufficiently strong or reliable.

Our operations are subject to losses due to exchange rate fluctuation. We maintain accounts in Canadian and U.S. currency. Our equity financings have to date been priced in Canadian dollars, however all of our material projects and non-cash assets are located outside of Canada and require regular currency conversions to local currencies where such projects and assets are located. Our operations are accordingly subject to foreign currency fluctuations and such fluctuations may materially affect our financial position and results. We do not engage in currency hedging activities.

Without additional funding, we will not be able to carry out our business plan, and if we raise additional funding existing securityholders may experience dilution. As an exploration stage mining company, we do not currently earn any revenue from mining operations on our principal properties. In order to continue our exploration activities and to meet our obligations under our joint venture agreement on the Nyngan Scandium Project, we will need to raise additional funds. Recently, we have relied entirely on the sale of our securities to raise funding for operations. Our ability to continue to raise funds from the sale of our securities is subject to significant uncertainty due to volatility in the mineral exploration marketplace. We may also seek to raise funds from the sale of our Springer Property assets, however our ability to sell these assets and the price at which we may sell these assets is subject to similar market volatility, as well as the number and nature of potential buyers. If we are unable to raise funds from the sale of our securities or our Springer assets, then we likely will not be able to carry out our business plan of achieving Scandium production, or continue exploration activities on our current or future exploration properties. If we are able to raise funds from the sale of our securities, existing securityholders may experience significant dilution of their ownership interests and possibly to the value of their existing securities.

ITEM 2. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Conditions and Results of Operations

Overview

We are an exploration stage specialty metals and alloys company focusing on scandium, tungsten, molybdenum, vanadium, and other specialty metals.

Our most advanced asset is the Springer Mine Property, a fully constructed tungsten mine and mill asset in Nevada, USA. The Springer Mine Property is currently not operating, and we are considering options for the property, including a sale.

16


We hold the right to earn-in to a 50% interest in a joint venture with Jervois Mining Limited for the development of the Nyngan Scandium Project in New South Wales, Australia. We are currently advancing the Nyngan Project as the manager under the joint venture agreement.

We also own the Carlin Vanadium Property, in Nevada, and have recently acquired an option to earn a 100% interest in the Tordal and Evje properties in Norway.

We acquired various metallurgical patents and know-how as part of the acquisition of The Technology Store, Inc. during the prior year. These patents and know-how generally relate to mineral extraction and finishing technologies that may provide us with a competitive advantage in reducing extraction and finishing costs, or improving recoveries and finished product qualities, should we be successful at commencing production of rare earth minerals or specialty metals. We are actively developing and testing scandium production and finishing technology using this know-how, that we intend to apply should we be successful at establishing production at the Nyngan Project.

Our focus during the year was maintaining the Springer Mine Property on standby mode, supported by the efforts of a financial advisor firm seeking interest in the markets for the asset sale. We advanced the Nyngan Project through metallurgical testing, process definition, and optimization work. We also investigated other specialty metals opportunities.

During the year we raised $4,956,421 in gross proceeds from private placements in which a total of 30,252,442 shares were issued.

RESULTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2010

Liquidity and Capital Resources

At December 31, 2010, we had a working capital of $3,330,415 including cash of $4,126,424 as compared to a working capital deficiency of $105,183 including cash of $584,436 at December 31, 2009. Also included in working capital, at December 31, 2010, were marketable securities with a market value of $2,250 (December 31, 2009 - $204,582).

During the year ended December 31, 2010, we received cash of $6,068,472 (2009 - $2,210,200) for stock issuances. At December 31, 2010, we had an aggregate 23,792,485 share purchase warrants exercisable, between $0.18 and $2.68 per share which have the potential upon exercise to convert to approximately $44,365,064 in cash over the next two years. Further, a total of 11,473,750 stock options exercisable between $0.10 and $2.15 have the potential upon exercise to generate a total of $2,076,063 in cash over the next five years. There is no assurance that these securities will be exercised.

Our continued development is contingent upon our ability to raise sufficient financing both in the short and long term. There are no guarantees that additional sources of funding will be available to us; however, management is committed to pursuing all possible sources of financing in order to execute our business plan.

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Results of Operations

Quarter ended December 31, 2010

The net loss for the quarter decreased by $13,392,110 to $850,504 from $14,242,614 in the prior year, mainly as a result of us having a lower mineral impairment charge in the current year. Individual items contributing to this increase are as follows:

  Q4 2010 vs. Q4 2009 - Variance Analysis

Item


Variance
Favourable /
(Unfavourable)



Explanation
Write-off of mineral properties $16,715,100

We had a lower mineral impairment charge in the current year compared to the prior year. The write down in the current year amounted to a recovery of $5,096 compared to a write off of $16,710,004 in the prior year.

   

Unrealized income on marketable securities ($1,300,808)

In prior year, we incurred a gain on the unrealized income from marketable securities from adjusting the value of the marketable securities to market. We incurred a loss on disposal of marketable securities in the current year.

   

Other income ($1,247,928)

We primarily earned sundry revenue in prior year from a gain on transfer of marketable securities occurring from the spin-out of $206,974 and a gain on the settlement of convertible debentures of $1,449,948 partially offset by a recovery of expenses from Golden Predator Corp. in the amount of $357,583, that did not recur.

   

Future income tax recovery ($1,006,132)

The prior year tax recovery of $1,006,132 resulting from our application of a valuation allowance against future income tax assets not expected to be realized that did not recur in the current year.

   

General and administrative $360,391

The favourable variance results from a reduced level of operations in the current year.

   

Stock-based compensation $347,592

Recognition of the option expense over the period to the next vesting date. The current expense is lower than in the prior year as a result of fewer options vesting.

   

Amortization ($288,195)

Amortization of technology patents acquired in the last quarter of 2009 as part of the TTS acquisition. There was no equivalent charge in the same quarter of the prior year, hence the unfavourable variance.

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  Q4 2010 vs. Q4 2009 - Variance Analysis

Item


Variance
Favourable /
(Unfavourable)



Explanation
Interest expense ($117,185) Interest expense in the current quarter is attributable to the promissory notes in respect of the TTS and Cosgrave acquisitions. The Cosgrave property interest expense was offset by interest revenue in the same quarter of prior year.
     
Loss on sale of marketable securities ($70,583) We incurred a loss on the sale of marketable securities in the current year.
     
Salaries and benefits $43,206 The positive variance results from a lower headcount in the current period due to lower levels of activity than in the prior year.
     
Foreign exchange gain ($30,150) The gain or loss results mainly from the conversion of US monetary item balances to CAD for reporting purposes.
     
Disposition of assets $28,792 We sold a vehicle for a gain.
     
Consulting $25,692 The savings compared to the prior year results from our efforts to reduce operations and preserve capital.
     
Insurance $10,005 We commissioned a risk survey, the results of which enabled a reduction in the insured amount of the Springer Mill resulting in lower premiums in the current year.
     
Other variances under $5,000 ($1,242) Includes favourable variances on professional fees, offset by unfavourable variances on travel.
     

Cash flow discussion for the Quarter ended December 31, 2010 compared to December 31, 2009

The cash outflows from operating activities decreased by $1,621,630 to $1,035,906 (2009 – $2,657,536) due to a reduction in activity.

Cash outflows from investing activities increased by $720,933 to $793,771 (2009 – $72,838) due mainly to cash paid for a subsidiary.

Cash inflows from financing activities increased by $4,460,993 to $5,973,627 (2009 - $1,512,634) due mainly to the completion of two private placements and the exercise of stock options and warrants.

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Results of Operations for the Year ended December 31, 2010

The net loss for the year decreased by $16,922,826 to $4,722,755 from $21,645,581 in the prior year, mainly as a result of us having a lower mineral impairment charge than in prior year. Individual items contributing to this increase are as follows:

  2010 vs. 2009 - Variance Analysis  
Item

Variance
Favourable /
(Unfavourable)


Explanation
     
Write-off of mineral properties $15,639,897

We wrote down our gold and silver properties to fair market value in the prior year.

   

 

Stock-based compensation $1,020,583

Recognition of the option expense over the period to the next vesting date. The current expense is lower than in the prior year as a result of fewer options vesting.

   

 

Foreign exchange gain ($604,773)

Results mainly from the conversion of US monetary item balances to CAD for reporting purposes. The current year gain amounts to $205,218 compared to a gain of $809,991 in the prior year.

   

 

Salaries and benefits $413,718

The positive variance results from a lower headcount in the current period due to lower levels of activity than in the prior year.

   

 

Interest expense ($366,921)

Interest expense in the current year is attributable to the promissory notes in respect of the TTS and Cosgrave acquisitions. The Cosgrave property interest expense was offset by interest revenue in the same prior year.

   

 

General and administrative $329,622

The favourable variance results from a reduced level of operations in the current year.

   

 

Exploration costs ($119,712)

Increased work done on Nyngan Project.

   

 

Amortization $173,468

Amortization of our assets.

   

 

Professional fees $159,188

Prior year’s costs related to the spin-out of Golden Predator Corp. that did not recur in the current year.

   

 

Consulting $156,604

The savings compared to the prior year results from our efforts to reduce operations and preserve capital.

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  2010 vs. 2009 - Variance Analysis
Item

Variance
Favourable /
(Unfavourable)


Explanation
   

Insurance $153,684

We commissioned a risk survey, the results of which enabled a reduction in the insured amount of the Springer Mill resulting in lower premiums in the current year.

   

Loss on sale of marketable securities ($70,583)

We incurred a loss on the sale of marketable securities in the current year.

   

Other income ($60,457)

We earned sundry revenue from the spin-out from Golden Predator Corp. in the prior year that did not recur.

   

Disposition of assets $39,792

A gain of $37,256 from the disposition of assets as compared to a loss of $2,536 in the prior year.

   

Travel and entertainment $36,725

The favourable variance results from a reduced level of operations in the current year.

Cash flow discussion for the year ended December 31, 2010 compared to December 31, 2009

The cash outflow from operating activities decreased by $1,426,201 to $1,688,506 (2009 – $3,114,707) due to a reduction in activity.

Cash outflows from investing activities increased by $603,964 to $837,978 (2009 - $234,014) due mainly funds paid for the acquisition of TTS and an increase in expenditures on mineral interests.

Cash inflows from financing activities increased by $3,858,272 to $6,068,472 (2009 - $2,210,200) as a result of us raising funds from private placements during the year and cash received from the exercise of stock options and warrants.

Summary of quarterly results

  2010 2009
  Q4 Q3 Q2 Q1 Q4 Q3 Q2 Q1
Net Sales - - - - - - - -
Net Income                
(Loss) (1,341,524) (1,514,237)    (1,148,938) (718,056) (11,311,117) (548,203) (725,249) (9,061,012)
Basic and                
diluted                
Net Income (0.01) (0.01) (0.01) (0.01) (0.14) (0.01) (0.01) (0.01)
(Loss) per                
share                

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The net loss in the third quarter of 2010 and the fourth quarter of 2009 relates mainly to the write-down of mineral interests. There was a foreign exchange loss in the first quarter of 2009 of $7,918,977 that reversed itself to a gain of $809,991 by the end of the fourth quarter.

Financial Position

Cash

The increase in cash of $3,541,988 to $4,126,424 (2009 - $584,436) results from proceeds from private placements and warrant and option exercises.

Marketable securities

Marketable securities decreased by $202,332 to $2,250 (2009 - $204,582) due to us transferring our shares in GPD to GPD as part of a loan repayment.

Subscription receivable

Subscription receivable of $210,249 (2009 - $Nil) is from subscriptions received for the most recent private placement.

Property, plant and equipment

Property plant and equipment consists of land and water rights in Nevada, the Springer plant and equipment, and various other items of property plant and equipment. The decrease of $540,650 to $34,289,873 at December 31, 2010 (2009 - $34,830,523) is due to amortization and the sale of a software asset and vehicle in the year.

Mineral interests

Mineral interests have decreased by $1,043,173 to $503,020 at December 31, 2010 (2009 - $1,546,193) and consist mainly of the Springer Mine Property, and also gold, silver, and vanadium properties.

Current liabilities

Current liabilities have decreased by $28,371 to $1,141,590 at December 31, 2010 (2009 – $1,169,961) due to the payment of amounts accrued for the TTS acquisition and a general reduction in activity which has been partially offset by advances from a related party.

Promissory note payable (current and long-term)

The promissory note payable decreased by $221,240 to $4,250,000 (2009 - $4,471,240) which is attributable to a change in foreign exchange on conversion of the United States dollars designated promissory notes to Canadian dollars for reporting purposes.

Capital Stock

Capital stock increased by $6,248,914 to $88,138,487 (2009 - $81,889,573) as a result of the completion of private placements for aggregate proceeds of $4,746,172 and the exercise of warrants and stock options for total proceeds of $1,322,300.

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Additional paid-in capital increased by $1,023,734 to $2,003,345 (2009 - $979,611) as a result of stock options issued and adjustments due to the exercise of stock options.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

At December 31, 2010, we had working capital of $3,330,415 including cash of $4,126,424 as compared to a working capital deficiency of $105,183 including cash of $584,436 at December 31, 2009. Also included in working capital, at December 31, 2010, were marketable securities with a market value of $2,250 (December 31, 2009 - $204,582).

During the year ended December 31, 2010, we received cash of $6,068,472 (2009 - $2,210,200) for stock issuances. At December 31, 2010, we had an aggregate 23,792,485 share purchase warrants exercisable, between $0.18 and $2.68 per share which have the potential upon exercise to convert to approximately $44,365,064 in cash over the next two years. Further, a total of 11,473,750 stock options exercisable between $0.10 and $2.15 have the potential upon exercise to generate a total of $2,076,063 in cash over the next five years. There is no assurance that these securities will be exercised.

Our continued development is contingent upon our ability to raise sufficient financing both in the short and long term. There are no guarantees that additional sources of funding will be available to us; however, management is committed to pursuing all possible sources of financing in order to execute our business plan.

Off-balance sheet arrangements

At December 31, 2010, we had no material off-balance sheet arrangements such as guarantee contracts, contingent interest in assets transferred to an entity, derivative instruments obligations or any obligations that trigger financing, liquidity, market or credit risk to us.

Subsequent events

Subsequent to December 31, 2010, we:

  a)

issued 300,000 stock options with an exercise price of $0.39 exercisable until January 18, 2013 to our employees;

     
  b)

issued 1,075,000 Common Shares on the exercise of share purchase warrants for gross proceeds of $267,625;

     
  c)

issued 250,000 Common shares on the exercise of stock options for gross proceeds of $40,000; and

     
  d)

entered into an option agreement with REE Mining AS of Norway, providing an option to earn 100% of the outstanding common shares in the capital of a Norwegian limited liability company which holds the exploration rights to two pegmatite properties, known as the Tordal property and the Evje property. The option may be exercised to earn a 60% of the Norwegian limited liability company by paying USD$430,000 by October 31, 2012, and funding USD$250,000 in exploration expenditures on the properties by September 30, 2012. Thereafter we may earn the remaining 40% by paying USD$200,000 by March 31, 2013; and issuing 1,000,000 of our common shares by March 31, 2013.

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RESULTS FOR THE THREE MONTH PERIOD ENDED MARCH 31, 2011

Operating results-Revenues and Expenses

We continued tight cost management at the Springer facility. We continued to fulfill our commitments in respect of the Nyngan Joint Venture with Jervois Mining Limited, focusing development expenditure in the quarter on this project.

Results of Operations for the quarter ended March 31, 2011

The net loss for the quarter decreased by $347,732 to $347,450 from $695,182 in the prior year, mainly as a result of reduced general and administrative and foreign exchange costs. Individual items contributing to this increase are as follows:

  Q1 2011 vs. Q1 2010 - Variance Analysis  
Item

Variance
Favourable /
(Unfavourable)


Explanation
Change in fair value of derivative liability $251,615 As the warrants the derivative liability related to expired, the change in value to $Nil was put through the statement of operations.
     
Foreign exchange gain ($115,959) The gain or loss results mainly from the conversion of US monetary item balances to CAD for reporting purposes.
     
Stock-based compensation $94,232 Relates to the fair value of stock options granted in the quarter.
     
General and administrative $66,733 The favourable variance results from a reduced level of operations in the current year.
     
Interest expense $45,583 Interest expense in the current quarter is attributable to the promissory notes in respect of the TTS and Cosgrave acquisitions. The Cosgrave property interest expense was offset by interest revenue in the same quarter of prior year.
     
Exploration ($42,240) Increased exploration work done on mineral properties as compared to prior year.
     
Salaries ($38,131) Increased activity in the quarter as compared to prior year.
     
Amortization $38,067 Some assets fully depreciated in prior year resulting in reduced amortization in the current year.

24



  Q1 2011 vs. Q1 2010 - Variance Analysis
Item

Variance
Favourable /
(Unfavourable)


Explanation
     
Professional fees $34,222 Professional fees have decreased and salaries have increased as we have more in-house staff working for us than in the prior year.
     
Consulting ($31,499) Primarily relates to consulting fees from our current CEO.
     
Insurance $22,495 We commissioned a risk survey, the results of which enabled a reduction in the insured amount of the Springer Mill resulting in lower premiums in the current year.
     
Travel ($22,031) Increased travel in relation to investor relations.

Cash flow discussion for the Quarter ended March 31, 2011 compared to March 31, 2010

The cash outflow from operating activities decreased by $647,931 to $431,143 (2010 – $1,079,074) due to an increase in payables as compared to a material reduction in prior year.

Cash outflows from investing activities increased by $20,548 to $20,548 (2010 - $Nil) due mainly to a large deposit made in prior year that was not repeated this year.

Cash inflows from financing activities decreased by $544,050 to $310,625 (2010 - $854,675) as in the prior year we raised funds from a private placement during the quarter.

Summary of quarterly results

  2011 2010 2009
  Q1 Q4 Q3 Q2 Q1 Q4 Q3 Q2
Net Sales - - - - - - - -
Net Income                
(Loss) (347,450) (1,341,524)  (1,514,237)   (1,148,938)   (718,056)  (11,311,117)  (548,203) (725,249)
Basic and                
diluted                
Net Income 0.00 (0.01) (0.01) (0.01) (0.01) (0.14) (0.01) (0.01)
(Loss) per                
share                

The net loss in the third quarter of 2010 and the fourth quarter of 2009 relates mainly to the write-down of mineral interests.

25


Financial Position

Cash

The decrease in cash of $141,066 to $3,985,358 (December 31, 2010 - $4,126,424) results from proceeds from warrant and option exercises offset by operating cash outflows in the period, as per the “Cash flow discussions” above.

Marketable securities

Marketable securities is unchanged at $2,250 (December 2010 - $2,250).

Property, plant and equipment

Property plant and equipment consists of land and water rights in Nevada, the Springer plant and equipment, and various other items of property plant and equipment. The decrease of $68,090 to $34,221,783 (December 2010 - $34,289,873) is due to amortization.

Mineral interests

Mineral interests of $503,020 (December 31, 2010 - $503,020) consist mainly of the Springer property, and also scandium and vanadium properties.

Accounts Payable

Accounts Payable has increased by $38,766 to $451,615 (December 2010 – $412,849) due to a general increase in activity.

Derivative liability

Derivative liability of $Nil (December 2010 – $228,741) was reduced to $Nil as the warrants they related to expired.

Promissory note payable – current portion

The current promissory note payable decreased by $13,885 to $486,115 (December 31, 2010 - $500,000) which is attributable to a change in foreign exchange on conversion of the USD designated promissory notes to CAD for reporting purposes.

Promissory note payable – long-term portion

The long-term promissory note payable decreased by $104,137 to $3,645,863 (December 31, 2010 - $3,750,000) which is attributable to a change in foreign exchange on conversion of the USD designated promissory notes to CAD for reporting purposes.

Capital Stock

Capital stock increased by $319,833 to $88,458,320 (December 31, 2010 - $88,138,487) as a result of the exercise of warrants and stock options for total proceeds of $310,625.

26


Additional paid-in capital increased by $58,524 to $2,061,869 (December 31, 2010 - $2,003,345) as a result of stock options issued and adjustments due to the exercise of stock options.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

At March 31, 2011, we had working capital of $3,325,275 including cash of $3,985,358 as compared to a working capital of $3,330,415 including cash of $4,126,424 at December 31, 2010. Also included in working capital, at March 31, 2011, were marketable securities with a market value of $2,250 (December 31, 2010 - $2,250).

During the three month period ended March 31, 2011, we received cash of $310,625 (2010 - $854,675) for stock issuances. At March 31, 2011, we had an aggregate 20,392,572 share purchase warrants exercisable, between $0.18 and $2.68 per share which have the potential upon exercise to convert to approximately $43,404,965 in cash over the next two years. Further, a total of 11,508,750 stock options exercisable between $0.10 and $2.15 have the potential upon exercise to generate a total of $2,146,313 in cash over the next five years. There is no assurance that these securities will be exercised.

Our continued development is contingent upon our ability to raise sufficient financing both in the short and long term. There are no guarantees that additional sources of funding will be available to us; however, management is committed to pursuing all possible sources of financing in order to execute our business plan. We continue our cost cutting measures to conserve cash to meet our operational obligations.

Off-balance sheet arrangements

At March 31, 2011, we had no material off-balance sheet arrangements such as guarantee contracts, contingent interest in assets transferred to an entity, derivative instruments obligations or any obligations that trigger financing, liquidity, market or credit risk to us.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION AND ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

Outstanding share data

At May 20, 2011 we had 150,384,412 issued and outstanding common shares, 12,378,750 outstanding stock options at a weighted average exercise price of $0.19, and 20,392,572 outstanding warrants at a weighted average exercise price of $2.13.

Critical Accounting Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting policies requires our management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. These estimates are based on past experience, industry trends and known commitments and events. By their nature, these estimates are subject to measurement uncertainty and the effects on the financial statements of changes in such estimates in future periods could be significant. Actual results will likely differ from those estimates.

Stock-based compensation

We use the Black-Scholes option pricing model to calculate the fair value of stock options and compensatory warrants granted. This model is subject to various assumptions. The assumptions we make will likely change from time to time. At the time the fair value is determined, the methodology that we use is based on historical information, as well as anticipated future events. The assumptions with the greatest impact on fair value are those for estimated stock volatility and for the expected life of the instrument.

27


Deferred income taxes

We account for tax consequences of the differences in the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities and our tax bases using tax rates expected to apply when these temporary differences are expected to be settled. When the deferred realization of income tax assets does not meet the test of being more likely than not to occur, a valuation allowance in the amount of the potential future benefit is taken and no future income tax asset is recognized. We have taken a valuation allowance against all such potential tax assets.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In April 2010, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“ FASB ”) issued ASU 2010-13, Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718), amending ASC 718. ASU 2010-13 clarifies that a stock-based payment award with an exercise price denominated in the currency of a market in which the entity’s equity securities trade should not be classified as a liability if it otherwise qualifies as equity. ASU 2010-13 also improves US GAAP by improving consistency in financial reporting by eliminating diversity in practice. ASU 2010-13 is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2010 (January 1, 2011 for us). We are currently evaluating the impact of ASU 2010-09, but do not expect its adoption to have a material impact on our financial reporting disclosures.

In December 2010, the FASB issued ASU 2010-29, which contains updated accounting guidance to clarify the acquisition date that should be used for reporting pro forma financial information when comparative financial statements are issued. This update requires that we should disclose revenue and earnings of the combined entity as though the business combination(s) that occurred during the current year had occurred as of the beginning of the comparable prior annual reporting period only. This update also requires disclosure of the nature and amount of material, nonrecurring pro forma adjustments. The provisions of this update, which are to be applied prospectively, are effective for business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2010, with early adoption permitted. The impact of this update on our consolidated financial statements will depend on the size and nature of future business combinations.

Financial instruments and other risks

Our financial instruments consist of cash, investments in trading securities, subscriptions receivable, receivables, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, due to related parties, and promissory notes payable. It is management's opinion that we are not exposed to significant interest, currency or credit risks arising from our financial instruments. The fair values of these financial instruments approximate their carrying values unless otherwise noted. We have our cash primarily in one commercial bank in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

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ITEM 3. PROPERTIES

Cautionary Note To U.S. Investors Regarding Resource Estimates

Certain terms used in this section are those used in accordance with the requirements of the securities laws in effect in Canada, which differ from the requirements of U.S. securities laws. Canadian requirements, including NI 43-101, differ significantly from the requirements of the SEC, and resource information contained herein may not be comparable to similar information disclosed by U.S. companies.

In particular, and without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the term “resource” does not equate to the term “reserves”. The requirements of NI 43-101 for identification of “reserves” are not the same as those of the SEC, and reserves reported in compliance with NI 43-101 may not qualify as “reserves” under SEC standards. Under U.S. standards, mineralization may not be classified as a “reserve” unless the determination has been made that the mineralization could be economically and legally produced or extracted at the time the reserve determination is made.

The SEC’s disclosure standards normally do not recognize information concerning “measured mineral resources”, “indicated mineral resources” or “inferred mineral resources” or other descriptions of the amount of mineralization in mineral deposits that do not constitute “reserves” by U.S. standards, in documents filed with the SEC. In addition, resources that are classified as “inferred mineral resources” have a great amount of uncertainty as to their existence and great uncertainty as to their economic and legal feasibility. It cannot be assumed that all or any part of an “inferred mineral resource” will ever be upgraded to a higher category. Under Canadian rules, estimated “inferred mineral resources” may not generally form the basis of feasibility or pre-feasibility studies. Investors are cautioned not to assume that all or any part of an “inferred mineral resource” exists or is economically or legally mineable.

Disclosure of “contained ounces” in a resource is permitted disclosure under Canadian regulations, however, the SEC normally only permits issuers to report mineralization that does not constitute “reserves” by SEC standards as in-place tonnage and grade without reference to unit measures.

Accordingly, information concerning mineral deposits set forth herein may not be comparable with information presented by companies using only U.S. standards in their public disclosure.

Description of Mineral Projects

SPRINGER MINE PROPERTY

Our principal asset is the Springer mine property, a former tungsten producing operation located in Imlay, Nevada, wholly owned by us through a subsidiary, Springer Mining Company, a Nevada corporation. The Springer Mine Property represents a completed mine, mill, and production complex which was operated briefly by Utah International Inc. for the General Electric Company from 1980 to 1981. The Springer Mine was closed in 1982 due to low tungsten prices. The facilities have been held on care and maintenance since that time, however significant investments by us have been made to the facilities in recent years and operations at the mine and mill facility could be restarted relatively quickly.

At the time that we placed the facility on care and maintenance, work was nearly complete to make the primary milling and flotation circuits in the Springer mill fully operational. Work remaining to make the tungsten processing facility fully operational includes the addition of a gravity circuit, addition and installation of a molybdenum flotation/recovery circuit, certain modifications to the existing flotation circuits, and completion of the installation of new automatic controls throughout the mill. Metallurgical testing by EMC Metals has shown that the process design is capable of producing a saleable scheelite concentrate product containing in excess of 65% tungsten oxide (WO 3 ). The test work utilizes a combination of gravity separation and flotation. Additional work has been conducted to expand the mill capacity from the original design of 1,000tpd up to 1,200tpd. This work is approximately 85% complete.

29


 

We are currently evaluating alternatives for the sale of the Springer Mine assets in light of the recent improvement in the market for tungsten.

Property Description and Location

The Springer Mine Property is located approximately 25 miles southwest of the city of Winnemucca, in Pershing County, Nevada, and approximately 125 miles northeast of Reno, Nevada (see Figure 1). The mine has year around access by a gravel road in fair condition. The mine site is located at geographic coordinate’s 40°46’56”N. latitude and 118°07’58”W longitude, (UTM coordinates are 4,515,212N and 404,438W, Zone 11, WGS84).

Figure 1: Location of Springer Property, Copper King Property, and Carlin Vanadium Property

Ownership

The Springer Facility is 100% owned by our wholly owned subsidiary, Springer Mining Company. It is comprised of 340 Lode mineral claims totalling approximately 7,024 acres, 25 placer claims totalling approximately 500 acres and fee lands totalling approximately 3,756 acres. The total area of the Springer Facility is approximately 11,280 acres, including all mineral claims and fee lands. The mineral resources described in this report are located entirely on private fee lands.

30


Geology and Mineralization

The Springer Facility is located on the eastern flank of the Eugene Mountains, a block-faulted horst of the Basin and Range tectonic province. The area is underlain by Mesozoic, metasedimentary rocks intruded by Cretaceous granitic rocks, which were later overlain by Tertiary Volcanic rocks. The meta-sedimentary rocks are composed of pelitic Sediments with thin beds of micritic limestone. These limestone beds host scheelite-bearing, contact metasomatic skarn deposits. These are arranged in two general horizons each with several individual beds. The horizons Strike north-northeast and Dip steeply to the northwest and to the southeast. Scheelite is the only tungsten mineral identified in the skarns. It occurs in early veins and as finely disseminated grains along localized marble fronts. It is also associated with later alteration of garnet and pyroxene, where it occurs as coarse-grained aggregates and fine to medium-grained, euhedral dipyramidal crystals.

Historical Work

There were three main phases of exploration work conducted on the Springer Facility by three different owner/operators. These exploration periods include:

I. Exploration drilling and underground sampling by Nevada-Massachusetts Corporation (NMC) between 1925 and 1958;

II. Exploration drilling and underground channel sampling completed by General Electric (GE) and Utah International Inc (UII between during 1973 and 1982); and

III. Diamond drilling and reverse circulation drilling completed by EMC Metals in 2007 and 2008.

The NMC exploration work focused mainly within the mineralized beds located at the Stank and Springer-Humboldt Mines. No specific NMC sample or Assay data of from any of the drifting, mining or drilling is available for any of these areas.

The exploration drilling and sampling completed by GE and UII focused primarily on the Sutton I and Sutton II areas of the property. The vast majority of the modern exploration data was collected during this phase of work. GE and UII compiled most of the older NMC data, rehabilitated the historic underground workings, drilled 119 diamond Core holes from surface and underground, extended the underground workings and analyzed approximately 3,200 samples.

We completed the most recent exploration work in 2007 and 2008. During this time, seven diamond Core and 251 reverse circulation (RC) drill holes were completed in three main areas. We drilled 81 holes in the George beds, 79 holes in the Mill Beds and 51 holes in the Sutton I Beds. All of this drilling focused on near surface Mineralization in order to evaluate the open pit potential. A few diamond Core holes were located in the Sutton II areas for confirmation and expansion of the historical resources.

Prior to the decline of tungsten prices in 2008, the Springer mill had been the focus of an aggressive rehabilitation and expansion program by us over two years. Work is nearly complete to make the primary milling and flotation circuits fully operational. The necessary equipment and supplies to complete these circuits are on site. Work remaining to make the tungsten processing facility fully operational includes the addition of a gravity circuit, addition and installation of a molybdenum flotation/recovery circuit, certain modifications to the existing flotation circuits, and completion of the installation of new automatic controls throughout the mill.

31


Metallurgical testing by EMC Metals has shown that the process design is capable of producing a saleable scheelite concentrate product containing in excess of 65% tungsten oxide (WO 3 ). The test work utilizes a combination of gravity separation and flotation.

Additional work has been conducted to expand the mill capacity from the original design of 1,000tpd up to 1,200tpd. This work is approximately 85% complete.

Mineral Resources

A resource estimate on the property was prepared in 2009 and contained in a report titled, “ NI 43-101 Technical Report on Resources EMC Metals Corp., Springer Facility – Sutton Beds, Nevada, USA ”. The report was completed by Bart Stryhas (Ph.D., C.P.G.) of SRK Consulting Engineers and Scientists. Results of the resource estimate are shown in Table 1 below.

Table 1

  Springer Project NI 43-101 Resource Estimation  
Resource
Category
Cut-off
WO 3 %
Total Tonnes
(kt)
Grade WO 3 %
Contained WO 3
(Mlbs)
Indicated 0.30   274 0.619   3.392
Inferred 0.30 1,097 0.562 12.330

The resource calculation is based on drill hole database consisting of 377 drill holes for a total of 144,171 meters of drilling. The maximum depth of 255 meters and an average depth of 124 meters and approximately 50% of the drill holes were used in the resource estimation. The grade estimate was completed using the inverse distance squared weighting algorithm. A specific gravity of 3.02g/cm3 was used for all mineralized material for this resource estimation.

The resource estimation is based on a generalized geologic model consisting of just one mineralized rock type, namely the tungsten skarn, which occurs in four distinct beds. These have a sheet-like geometry, which ranges from 1.0 to 10.0 feet thick with an approximate average of about 3.0 feet. They Strike north to northeast and Dip nearly vertical.

The grade estimate was completed using the inverse distance squared weighting algorithm, conducted in two passes. The first required a minimum of three and maximum of 12 samples, which were less than 50 feet from the block centroids. The second pass only considered unestimated blocks and required a minimum of one and maximum of 12 composites, which were less than 350 feet away from the block centroids. The raw drill hole Assay data was composited into lengths equal to the original sample and capped at 4% WO 3 . During the estimation process, the composites were length-weighted to accommodate for differing sample lengths.

Three techniques were used to evaluate the validity of the block model. First, the interpolated block Grades were visually checked on sections for comparison to the composite assay grades. Second, statistical comparisons were made between the interpolated block grades and composite data within each bed. Third, swath plots were generated to compare model blocks and composite grades at regular section spacing through the deposit.

The resource classification was based on solid shapes constructed around the parts of the beds where most drill holes are spaced approximately 100 feet or less apart and where abundant channel samples were taken. All blocks located within these solids were classified as indicated resource. All blocks located outside of these areas, about the periphery of the drilling were classified as inferred resource.

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The mineral resource statement of the Springer Project- Sutton I and II areas is presented in Table 1. The mineral resource estimates prepared in accordance with NI 43-101, which incorporate the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum “Best Practices and Reporting Guidelines” classified indicated mineral resource of 274kt of material grading 0.62% WO 3 and an additional inferred mineralresource of 1.1 Metric tons of material grading 0.56% WO 3 both using a 0.30% WO 3 cut-off. The qualityof the exploration data is very good and the mineral resource was classified mainly according to the general sample spacing. The 0.30% WO 3 cut-off Grade was chosen for resource reporting based on an approximated mining cost of $40/t, processing cost of $17/ton, administration cost of $13/ton, mill recovery of 82% and a WO 3 price of $11.50per pound. The results reported in the resource statement have been rounded to reflect the approximation of Grade and quantity, which can be achieved at this level of resource estimation.

NYNGAN SCANDIUM PROJECT

The primary focus of our business operations is conducting additional exploration and technical work and analyses on the Nyngan scandium resource as required to complete a feasibility study in accordance with the terms of our earn-in agreement with Jervois Mining Limited (see above under Item 1. BUSINESS – Recent History - Exploration Joint Venture with Jervois Mining Limited, for additional information). Following is a technical summary of the Nyngan Project.

Property Description and Location

The Nyngan scandium resource, which is sometimes also referred to as the Nyngan Gilgai scandium deposit, in reference to the Gilgai geologic formation in the region, lies 20 kilometers almost due west of the town of Nyngan, approximately 450 kilometers northwest of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. The deposit occurs 5 kilometers south of Miandetta, off the Barrier Highway that connects the town of Nyngan to the town of Cobar. The location of the property is provided in Figure 2 below. The location of the exploration licenses that we may earn an interest in are provided in Figure 3 below.

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Figure 2: Location of Nyngan Project

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Figure 3: Location of the Exploration Licenses

Ownership

The Nyngan scandium mineral resource is 100% under license by Jervois Mining Limited. The land on which the resource is located was purchased by Jervois Mining Limited for the development of this resource. The mineral resource described in this report is entirely on land owned by Jervois Mining Limited and under a current exploration license held by Jervois Mining Limited. Access to the mine area through private land is under negotiation with relevant land owners.

Geology and Mineralization

The area is dominated by Cainozoic alluvial plains derived from the Darling River Basin with minor colluvium and Outcrop. The region is situated on the shallow southern margin of the Surat Basin, known as the Coonamble Embayment. There is evidence of varying degrees of lateritisation in the area. The Nyngan complex is covered by 8 to 50 meters of alluvial material.

The Nyngan Intrusive complex, which is believed to be the source of the scandium, nickel, cobalt and PGMs in the regolith, is an Alaskan-type ultramafic complex made up of a range of rock types including hornblende monzonite, hornblendite, pyroxenite, olivine pyroxenite to dunite-peridotites, and is believed to be of Ordovician age. The Intrusives are included within the ‘Fifield Platinum Province’.

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Historical Work

In the late 1980's Lachlan Resources N.L., as manager for Platinum Search NL, explored for platinum group elements (“PGE”) Mineralization in the area using rotary air blast (“RAB”) and Diamond drilling. Airborne and ground magnetic surveys were used to locate and delineate an Intrusive ultramafic complex considered prospective for PGE Mineralization. In 2001 two further traverses of reverse circulation (“RC”) drilling were undertaken. Jervois Mining Limited continued drilling in the area in January and February of 2006, completing an aircore drilling program of 2,638 meters and 69 holes on the property (EL 6009). The drilling targeted a laterite that had previously been explored by Platsearch. Since the 2006 program a further 9 holes, for an additional 316 meters of drilling, were completed. Total drilling by Jervois Mining Limited was 78 holes for 2,954 meters.

Mineral Resource

In 2010 a NI 43-101 technical report which outlined a resources estimate on the Nyngan Scandium Project was completed. The report, titled, “ NI 43-101 Technical Report on the Nyngan Gilgai Scandium Project, Jervois Mining Limited, Nyngan, New South Wales, Australia ”, was prepared by Sanja Van Huet (PhD, Msc), Duncan C. Pursell (BSc) and Max Rangott (BSc). The resource estimate is shown in Table 2 below.

Table 2

Nyngan Gilgai Scandium Project Resource Estimation
Resource
Category
Cut off Sc
(ppm)
Total Tonnes
(kt)
Grade Sc
(ppm)
Overburden
Ratio
Measured 100   2,718 274        0.81:1
Indicated 100   9,294 258        1.40:1
Total 100 12,012 261        1.10:1

Jervois’ drilling program in 2006 involved 50 meter spaced RC percussion and aircore drill holes (25 meter sphere of influence for each hole) chosen over shallow overburden and ‘visual quality’ of the limonite horizon. The resources have been calculated by plan polygonal methods for each of the four resource lithological categories – hematite, limonite, saprolite and bedrock. The volume of each block is the polygonal area times drill thickness. A minimum of 2 meters thickness has been used. An arbitrary lower cut-off Grade of 100ppm Sc has been employed. The density calculations are based on the weight of the samples produced from the drill holes. The drillhole diameter in this program was 3½ inches (or 0.0889 meters). Thus the volume of 1 meter drilled is 0.006207167 cubic meters. This factor has been applied to each intersection within the resource calculations to obtain an in situ density for each lithology.

To obtain the rock densities an adjustment has been made by making a moisture content correction. The parent rocks are slightly different in density; the pyroxenite approximately 3.2 t/m3 and the serpentinite approximately 2.2t/m3. The parent density figures may be ambiguous because the lateritisation weathering process is not the same for the two rock types. The density figures quoted are on the conservative side. Using the above parameters, the resource figures below have been calculated from the results of the recent drilling:

Current Program

Jervois’ drilling program in 2006 involved 50-meter spaced RC percussion and aircore drill holes (a 25-meter sphere of influence for each hole) chosen over shallow overburden and ‘visual quality’ of the limonite horizon. The resources were calculated by plan polygonal methods for each of the four resource lithological categories – hematite, limonite, saprolite and bedrock. The volume of each block is the polygonal area times drill thickness. A minimum of 2 meters thickness was used. An arbitrary lower cutoff Grade of 100ppm Sc was employed. The density calculations are based on the weight of the samples produced from the drill holes. The drillhole diameter in this program was 3½ inches (or 0.0889 meters). Thus the volume of 1 meter drilled is 0.006207167 cubic meters. This factor was applied to each intersection within the resource calculations to obtain an in situ density for each lithology.

36


To obtain the rock densities an adjustment has been made by making a moisture content correction. The parent rocks are slightly different in density; the pyroxenite approximately 3.2 t/m3 and the serpentinite approximately 2.2t/m3. The parent density figures may be ambiguous because the lateritisation weathering process is not the same for the two rock types. The density figures quoted are conservative. Using the above parameters, the resource figures below ere calculated from the results of the drill programs:

Current Program

Together with Jervois, we have set the following targets for the Nyngan Scandium Project:

  1.

Completion of a feasibility study in 2011.

     
  2.

Subject to financing and completion of the feasibility study, the design, engineering and construction of a 250 tonne per day commercial plant producing from 28 tonnes of scandium oxide per year at 99.9% purity, with a start-up in 2013.

CARLIN VANADIUM PROPERTY

We have a 100% interest in 72 unpatented mineral claims comprising the Carlin Vanadium Property, in Elko County, Nevada. The property was explored by Union Carbide in the 1960’s. We have not performed any exploration on this property, however in 2010 we commissioned SRK Consulting of Lakewood, Colorado to prepare a technical report in the form required under NI 43-101.

Property Description and Location

The Carlin Vanadium Property consists of 72 unpatented mining claims covering 1,140 acres. The property was explored and drilled by Union Carbide Corporation in the late 1960’s resulting in a defined vanadium resource. The claim group is located in North-Central Nevada in Elko County, 7 air miles south of Carlin. The vanadium resource is centered about UTM Zone 11N geographical coordinates 574,328E, 4,495,637N (Lat 40°36’29”N, Long 116°07’17”W). Carlin, with a population of 2,500 is the largest town in the area. See figure 1 above for a location map of the property.

Geology and Mineralization

The Carlin Vanadium Property is located on the western flank of the Piñon Range, a block faulted horst of the basin and range tectonic province. The local lithologies are predominantly Paleozoic age, western assemblage, siliceous rocks transported above the Roberts Mountain Thrust. These are overlain by Tertiary age Rhyolite flows and Pliocene lake Sediments. The mineralized zones are certain stratigraphic sections of the Woodruff Formation hosting elevated concentrations of vanadium. There do not appear to be any physical markers in the lithology which indicate areas of Mineralization. All the mineralized zones are defined by chemical analysis. The Mineralization is stratigraphically controlled and appears to follow the Strike and Dip of the host lithology. Drilling to date has defined a zone of Mineralization striking north-south over 6,100 feet of length and dipping 5°- 30° west averaging 2,500 feet of down Dip extent.

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Historical Work

All of the exploration and development on the property was completed by previous owners. The Carlin Vanadium Deposit was discovered in the 1960s by Union Carbide Corporation when significantly anomalous vanadium was found in samples collected by Union Carbide geologists. During 1967 and 1968 Union Carbide conducted exploration work including geological mapping, approximately 15,000 feet of trenching and 30,500 feet of drilling in 112 holes, outlining a significant 300 by 1000 meter zone of vanadium Mineralization within the current claim boundary. In 1968 Union Carbide used this work to complete a historical resource estimation of 19.69M tons @ 0.83% V 2 O 5 . Historical exploration was restricted to within 150m from surface with an average drill hole depth of 75 meters. This historical resource has not been verified by us or by a Qualified Person, and accordingly we cannot confirm its reliability for the purpose of current resource classification methods referred to in NI 43-101. As a result, while we consider this historical information to be relevant, the information should not be relied upon and we are not treating this information as a current mineral resource.

Union Carbide conducted extensive metallurgical testing in the 1960’s and at the time could not produce an economical process for extracting the vanadium. Developments in heap leaching technologies in the 1970’s have shown economic recoveries of vanadium from geologically similar projects such as Gibellini Vanadium Project (Rocky Mountain Resources). We are currently investigating a number of new processes to economically extract the vanadium from the Carlin deposit.

The Carlin Vanadium Property also covers an interesting gold occurrence and in 1998, Cambior Inc. and Sante Fe Pacific Mining Inc. used rock chip sampling to outline an approximate 550 feet northeast trending (>100 ppb) gold anomaly within the Devonian Woodruff Formation and drilled 20 holes totalling 2700 feet in length to test the anomalous zone. The best results were obtained in drill hole CBK-2 which intersected 0.01 oz. per ton gold from 5 to 70 feet within the Woodruff Formation immediately below the unconformity. This gold occurrence warrants further investigation to determine whether there is a possibility of a Carlin-type gold system on the property. We have not verified these historical results, and while we believe them to be relevant, we caution that this historical drilling information should not be relied upon.

Resource Estimation

In 2010, we commissioned SRK Consulting to prepare an NI 43-101 technical report and to produce a current resource estimation for the Carlin Vanadium Project. The report, titled, “ NI 43-101 Technical Report on Resources EMC Metals Corp. Carlin Vanadium Project, Carlin Nevada ”, was prepared by Bart Stryha, PhD of SRK Consulting, a Qualified Person as defined by NI 43-101.

The resource estimation is supported by information from the 152 rotary drill-holes totalling 36,525 feet. The drillhole database was compiled by us and verified by SRK Consulting. The resource estimation is based on a generalized geologic model and confined within a V2O5 Grade shell. Each model block was assigned an average density based on the lithologies present. Mineralization is interpreted to follow along the plane of bedding with a general orientation striking N-S dipping 5° to 25° west. Drill-hole samples were composited into 25 foot bench lengths without breaks at geologic contacts. The raw V2O5 assays were capped at 2.2% prior to compositing. The model blocks are 50ft x 50ft x 25ft in the x,y,z directions, respectively. V2O5 Grades were estimated using an Inverse Weighting to the second power. A minimum of 3 and maximum of 12 composites were required for the block Grade estimations. The results of the resource estimation provided a CIM classified Inferred Mineral Resource as shown in Table 3 below. The quality of the historical data is good and the mineral resource was classified as inferred mainly due to the fact that the rotary drilling has not been verified by modern program.

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Table 3

  Carlin Vanadium Project Resource Estimation  
Resource
Category
Cut off V2O5%
(ppm)
Total Tonnes
(kt)
Grade V2O5%
(ppm)
Contained V2O5
(Mlbs)
Inferred 0.3 25,400 0.515 289

The 0.3% V2O5 cut-off-grade was chosen for resource reporting based on the reasonable potential for economic extraction under a conceptual open pit mining and milling scenario. The cut-off-grade was calculated using $2.30/ton mining cost, $35/ton milling cost, $0.50/ton admin cost, 65% recovery, 95% selling pay-for, 1% freight charge, 0% royalty and a $10.46/lb V2O5 value. The V2O5 price is based on a five year trailing average value. This analysis resulted in a break-even cut-off-grade of 0.30% . The results reported in the resource statement are rounded to reflect the approximation of Grade and quantity, which can be achieved at this level of resource estimation.

COPPER KING TUNGSTEN PROPERTY

Property Description and Location

We have a 100% interest in the Copper King Property which is located in Pershing County, Nevada. The Copper King Project consists of 7 unpatented claims and 9 patented claims covering 250ha is located on the west flank of the Trinity Range in Pershing Co., Nevada (see Figure 1 above).

Geology and Mineralization

The Copper King tungsten Mineralization is hosted within 5 separate, parallel Triassic-Jurassic Sedimentary horizons including argillite, quartzite, and marble, in contact with a Cretaceous granodiorite Intrusion. Limestone beds within the sedimentary package have been silicified forming steeply dipping, epidote-garnet skarns.

Historical Work

The Copper King Property was originally staked in the early 1900s as a copper prospect and very little is known about the early historical work until scheelite was discovered on the property in 1949. The property was mined in 1952 by Cordero Mining Company who removed 750 tons of ore and again in 1956 by Wallace and Durkin, who removed 193 tons of Ore from one of two vertical shafts.

In 1969, the property was optioned to Nevada Tungsten and Copper Inc. who completed 2,184 feet of Diamond drilling in 4 holes which ranged in depth from 279 feet to 935 feet.

In 1976, General Electric Co. acquired the property and carried out extensive mapping, sampling, and drilling.

Exploration

The Copper King project is an early stage exploration project and we are currently evaluating the property for future exploration potential.

39


FOSTUNG TUNGSTEN PROPERTY

Pursuant to the terms of a purchase and sale agreement dated June 26, 2009, as amended on July 22, 2009 and September 14, 2009, between us and Breakwater Resources Ltd., in October of 2009, we issued 500,000 of our common shares to Breakwater as consideration for a 100% interest in the Fostung property located in Ontario, subject to a 1% Net Smelter Returns Royalty. The property was placed on care and maintenance in 2008. We are currently in negotiations for the sale of our interest in the property.

ITEM 4. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT

The table below presents, as of May 20, 2011, information regarding the beneficial ownership of our common shares with respect to each of our executive officers, each of our directors, each person known by us to own beneficially more than 5% of the common shares, and all of our directors and executive officers as a group. Beneficial ownership is determined under the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission and generally includes voting or investment power over securities. Each individual or entity named has sole investment and voting power with respect to the common shares indicated as beneficially owned by them, subject to community property laws, where applicable, except where otherwise noted.

Common Shares subject to options or warrants that are currently exercisable or exercisable within 60 days from May 20, 2011 are considered outstanding and beneficially owned by the person holding the options or warrants for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of that person but are not treated as outstanding for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of any other person.

Title of Class
Name of Beneficial
Owner
Amount and Nature of
Beneficial Ownership
Percent of Class
Common
Shares
George Putnam
2,550,000 (1)
1.68
Common
Shares
William Harris
1,230,000 (2)
0.81
Common
Shares
Daniel Wolfus
1,300,000 (3)
0.86
Common
Shares
Willem Duyvesteyn (4)
19,837,386 (5)
13.12
Common
Shares
Barry Davies
1,745,000 (6)
1.15
Common
Shares
Michael O’Brien
300,000 (7)
0.20
Common
Shares
John Thompson
790,000 (8)
0.52


All Officers and
Directors as a
Group
27,752,386

18.34

Common
Shares
William Lupien (9) (10)
25,077,833 (11)
16.48
Common
Shares
EMC Metals
Corp.
2,583,333 (12)
1.70

40



(1)

Includes options to purchase 1,500,000 common shares, and warrants to purchase 350,000 common shares.

(2)

Includes options purchase 1,200,000 common shares.

(3)

Includes options to purchase 900,000 common shares.

(4)

The address of such person is Reno, Nevada, USA.

(5)

Includes options to purchase 800,000 common shares.

(6)

Includes options to purchase 500,000 common shares, and warrants to purchase 375,000 common shares.

(7)

Includes options to purchase 300,000 common shares.

(8)

Includes options to purchase 500,000 common shares, and warrants to purchase 230,000 common shares.

(9)

The address of such person is Coeur d’Alene, Idaho, USA.

(10)

A total of 23,252,833 common shares are held in the name of Kudu Partners, L.P.

(11)

Includes options to purchase 325,000 common shares, and warrants to purchase 1,500,000 common shares.

(12)

Includes warrants to purchase 1,550,000 common shares.

ITEM 5. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS

The following table certain information regarding our directors, executive officers and key personnel.

The term of each of our current directors will expire at the next annual general meeting unless his office is earlier vacated in accordance with our Articles or he becomes disqualified to act as a director.

Name, Position and
Municipality of
Residence
Principal Occupation for the Past Five Years

Director/
Officer Since
George Putnam
age: 57
President, Chief
Executive Officer and
Director

Our President and CEO since May 2010; President of G.F. Putnam Consulting, a financial and marketing advisory company, from 1998 to 2004 and 2009 until 2010; CFO of QGX Ltd. from August 2006 to September 2008; Senior Finance Director of Kaiser Permanente from 2004 to 2006.

May 3, 2010
Willem P.C. Duyvesteyn
age: 66
Chief Technology
Officer and Director

President and founder, The Technology Store, Inc., from 2000 from to 2009; President, Technology and Resource Development Inc. since December 2009; VP of BHP- Billiton from 1992 to 2000.

December 16, 2009
William B. Harris
age: 64
Director

Partner of Solo Management Group, LLC, an investment management and financial consulting company.

June 15, 2007
Daniel Wolfus
age: 65
Director

Chairman and CEO, Midway Gold Corp. since December 2009; President, Mandalay Publications Inc. from 1997 until May 2008.

August 21, 2009
Barry Davies
age: 61
Director

President, Rudgear Holdings Ltd., a private investment company, since March 2006; prior thereto, President of Rudgear Inc., a private investment company.

January 20, 2010
Michael O’Brien
age: 49
Chief Financial Officer

Our CFO since January 4, 2010; CFO of Africo Resources Ltd. (December 2006 to December 2009); Consultant (August 2005 to December 2006); CFO and director of Irvin & Johnson Ltd (South Africa) (September 2004 to July 2005); Group Financial Manager of Irvin and Johnson Ltd (South Africa) (January 2003 to August 2004).

January 4, 2010

41



Name, Position and
Municipality of
Residence
Principal Occupation for the Past Five Years

Director/
Officer Since
John Thompson
age: 63
Vice President of Project
Development

Our Vice President of project development since March 8, 2011; Consultant with John Thompson & Associates (since August 2009); Vice President of project development for QGX Ltd. (November 2006 – February 2009)

March 8, 2011

Biographical Information: Directors and Officers

The following provides additional biographical information on our directors and officers.

George Putnam, President, CEO and Director. Mr. Putnam has 20 years employment experience with BHP (now BHP-Billiton) and GE/Utah International. While at BHP-Billiton, he held division CFO roles in the petroleum refining business, and in BHP-Billiton Manganese, a mining, alloy smelting and refining business located in Australia. His previous experience also includes acquisition and divestiture work for both BHP-Billiton and other clients, associated bank financings, and the negotiation and management of strategic alliances involving long-term product sales contracts.

From 2006 to 2008, Mr. Putnam served as CFO for QGX Ltd., a Toronto Stock Exchange listed mineral exploration company. Mr. Putnam currently serves on the Advisory Board of Hana Mining Ltd., a TSX Venture Exchange listed Canadian mineral exploration company.

Mr. Putnam has an Economics degree from Gettysburg College and a Masters in Business Administration from Duke University.

Willem P.C. Duyvesteyn, Chief Technical Officer and Director. Mr. Duyvesteyn has over 40 years experience in the mining, mineral and energy industries. He is the founder and former CEO of TTS, a company involved in the development and commercialization of various mineral and energy related processes and projects. TTS was acquired by us in 2009. Prior to forming TTS, Mr. Duyvesteyn was Vice President and General Manager Minerals Technology for BHP (now BHP-Billiton) for more than 10 years. Prior to BHP, he was associated with AMAX Inc., previously a NYSE listed corporation, as director of Laterite Nickel projects where he led various multi-million dollar development programs for nickel technology. While employed with Anglo American he was a member of the team that developed the large scale copper solvent extraction technology that is now universally employed by copper miners. Mr. Duyvesteyn is a member of numerous technical organizations in the mining, processing and chemical fields: AIME, CIM, IMM, AIChE, ACS. His technical expertise covers a very large spectrum of elements, metals and materials: from aluminum to zinc and from coal to diamonds.

Mr. Duyvesteyn was a former Dean of the Delft (the Netherlands) School of Mines. He has been granted over 40 US patents and is filing applications for a further 35 patents. He is the author of numerous technical papers and in 1999 was awarded the Goldfields Medal of the British Institution for Mining and Metallurgy for best technical paper.

William Harris, Chairman of the Board. Mr. Harris is a partner in Solo Management Group, LLC, an investment and management consulting partnership. He was previously a board member for Energy Metals Corporation, Chairman and Executive Committee member of the American Fiber Manufacturers Association, and President and CEO of Hoechst Fibers Worldwide, the global acetate and polyester business of Hoechst AG. At Hoechst Fibers Worldwide, Mr. Harris managed the business' $5 billion operation, comprised of 21,000 employees and production locations in 14 different countries. Other positions within Hoechst and its subsidiaries included Chairman of the Board (Presidente del Consejo) of Celanese Mexicana SA, a publicly-traded company in Mexico; Vice President, Finance and Executive Vice President and director of Celanese Canada Inc., a publicly-traded company in Canada, and Vice President and Treasurer and Chairman of the Audit Committee of Hoechst Celanese Corporation. Mr. Harris is currently a member of the board of directors of Gold One Intl. Ltd., Golden Predator Corp., and Tigris Uranium Corp. Mr. Harris is a graduate of Harvard College, B.A. in English, and Columbia University Graduate School of Business, M.B.A. in finance. He is a Trustee of the Williamstown (MA) Theatre Festival.

42


Daniel Wolfus, Director. Mr. Wolfus is currently Chairman and CEO of Midway Gold Corporation, a mineral exploration company listed on the TSX Venture Exchange. He has over 28 years of investment banking experience, firstly with E.F. Hutton & Co., where Mr. Wolfus became a partner and Senior Vice President in charge of the West Coast Corporate Finance Department, followed by his tenure as Chairman, CEO and chief organizer of Hancock Savings Bank in Los Angeles. He is also currently a director of MD Cowan and Co., a manufacturer of oil drilling equipment, Mr. Wolfus earned a MBA in Finance and a BA-Economics at the University California, Los Angeles. Mr. Wolfus has served in various charitable and non-profit organizations in the United States since November 21, 2008.

Barry Davies, Director. Mr. Davies is the President of Rudgear Holdings Ltd., an Asia based private investment company, and also serves as a director of several public and private companies with exploration, mining and investment activities in Canada, Latin America and Southeast Asia. He has been a director of Grande Cache Coal Corporation, a Canadian metallurgical coal mining company, since July 2000. He is a mining engineering graduate from the Camborne School of Mines in Cornwall, United Kingdom, with more than 35 years experience in mineral exploration, mine development, operations and corporate management. During more than 20 years with BHP Group he held senior management positions with responsibility for exploration and mine development projects in Australia, Southeast Asia and South Africa leading to his appointment to the position of Vice President Strategic Planning and Development for BHP Minerals in Australia

Michael O’Brien, Chief Financial Officer. Michael O'Brien has more than 25 years of experience in financial management and regulatory compliance in the mining and oil and gas industries. He was Chief Financial Officer of Africo Resources, a Toronto Stock Exchange mineral exploration company operating in the Congo, from 2006 to 2009, Prior to that, Mr. O'Brien served as CFO of Irvin & Johnson Ltd., an international fishing and seafood processing company, and as Manager of Finance of Soekor Exploration and Production (Pty) Ltd., an oil and gas firm (now part of PetroSA,).

Mr. O'Brien qualified as a Chartered accountant in South Africa in 1986, and has been a member of the Canadian Institute of Chartered Accountants since 1991.

John Thompson, Vice President of Project Development. Mr. Thompson's mining career spans 41 years in senior management roles with Utah Development Company, BHP (now BHP Billiton), Newcrest Mining, and QGX, managing and developing mineral projects in Australia, New Zealand, Mongolia and the United States. Mr. Thompson was responsible for the overall development of Newcrest Mining's Cadia Hill mine, in NSW, which included reserve definition, management of engineering teams that designed both the mine and processing plant facilities, the final feasibility study, and the environmental impact statement (EIS) on the project. More recently, as VP Project Development for QGX, Mr. Thompson delivered the Preliminary Assessment Report, Pre-Feasibility Study, and EIS on the Baruun Naran coking/thermal coal project in the South Gobi, Mongolia. He has held numerous other leadership roles in the mining industry, including four Mine/General Manger roles in coking coal, gold, and titanium/iron sands operations and a General Manager position at Newcrest overseeing 5 operating gold businesses in Australia.

43


Mr. Thompson has a BS degree in Mining and Petroleum Engineering from the University of Queensland, and is a Fellow of the Australian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy.

Family Relationships

There are no family relationships among any of the above directors.

Other U.S. Directorships

None of our directors are also directors of issuers with a class of securities registered under Section 12 of the Exchange Act (or which otherwise are required to file periodic reports under the Exchange Act), other than Daniel Wolfus who is a director and CEO of Midway Gold Corp.

Involvement in Certain Legal Proceedings

During the past five years, no present or former director, executive officer or person nominated to become a director or an executive officer of ours:

(1)

was a general partner or executive officer of any business against which any bankruptcy petition was filed, either at the time of the bankruptcy or two years prior to that time;

   
(2)

was convicted in a criminal proceeding or named subject to a pending criminal proceeding (excluding traffic violations and other minor offenses);

   
(3)

was subject to any order, judgment or decree, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated, of any court of competent jurisdiction, permanently or temporarily enjoining, barring, suspending or otherwise limiting his involvement in any type of business, securities or banking activities; or

   
(4)

was found by a court of competent jurisdiction (in a civil action), the SEC or the Commodity Futures Trading Commission to have violated a federal or state securities or commodities law, and the judgment has not been reversed, suspended or vacated.

ITEM 6. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

Summary Compensation Table

The following table sets forth the cash and other compensation paid by us to our CEO and CFO during the fiscal years ended December 31, 2009 and 2010.

44



Name and
Principal
Position
Year

Salary

Bonus

Stock
Awards
Option
Awards (2)
All Other
Compensation
Total

George Putnam
President, CEO and Director
   2010 $Nil $Nil $Nil $187,004 $120,247 (1) $307,251
   2009 $Nil $Nil $Nil $Nil $Nil $Nil
Michael O’Brien
CFO
   2010 $40,500 $Nil $Nil $46,162 $Nil $86,662
   2009 $Nil $Nil $Nil $Nil $Nil $Nil

(1)

Represents consulting fees under a management services contract.

   
(2)

Calculated in accordance with ASC 718.

Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year End

The following table sets forth the unexercised options, shares that have not been vested, and equity incentive plan awards for each of our executive officers outstanding as of December 31, 2010.

Option Awards Stock Awards
Name
















Number
of
Securities
Underlying
Unexercised
options











Equity
Incentive
Plan
Awards:
Number of
Securities
Underlying
Unexercised
Unearned
Options







Equity
Incentive
Plan
Awards:
Number of
Securities
Underlying
Unexercised
Unearned
Options







Option
Exercise
Price
($)













Option
Expiration
Date














Number
of
Shares
or
Units
that
have not
Vested









Market
Value of
Shares
of
Units
Have
not
Vested
($)








Equity
Incentive
Plan
Awards:
Number
of
Unearned
Shares,
Units or
Other
Rights
that
have not
Vested



Equity
Incentive
Plan
Awards:
Market
or
Payout
Value
of
Unearned
Shares,
Units
or other
Rights
that
have not
Vested
($)
George Putnam 2,500,000 Nil Nil 0.10 November 5, 2015 1,500,000 420,000 Nil Nil
Michael O’Brien 250,000 Nil Nil 0.25 January 4, 2015 187,500 24,375 Nil Nil

Compensation of Directors

The following table sets forth the compensation paid by us to our directors during our fiscal year ended December 31, 2010.

45



Name




Fees
Earned
or
Paid in
Cash
($)
Stock
Awards
($)


Option
Awards
($)


Non-Equity
Incentive
Plan
Compensation
($)
Nonqualified
Deferred
Compensation
Earnings
($)
All
Other
Compens-
ation
($)
Total
($)



William B. Harris Nil Nil 69,036 Nil Nil Nil 69,036
Daniel Wolfus Nil Nil 69,638 Nil Nil Nil 69,638
Barry Davies Nil Nil 37,389 Nil Nil Nil 37,389
Willem P.C. Duyvesteyn Nil Nil 55,817 Nil Nil Nil 55,817

Employment Agreements

We entered into a letter agreement with George Putnam on May 1, 2010, pursuant to which Mr. Putnam agreed to act as our President and CEO. According to the terms of the letter agreement Mr. Putnam will receive a base salary of $200,000 per year and 2,000,000 stock options of which 25% vested on November 5, 2010, and the remainder is subject to vest in three equal instalments every six months. The Compensation Committee has discretion to award an annual bonus and will review Mr. Putnam’s base salary on an annual basis. The agreement provides for six months salary as severance pay or 36 months salary as severance pay following of a change of control transaction.

Compensation Committee

Our Compensation Committee is comprised of three directors, William Harris, Barry Davies and Daniel Wolfus. The function of our Compensation Committee is to review, on an annual basis, the compensation paid to our executive officers and to the directors, and to make recommendations on compensation to the Board. In addition, the Compensation Committee reviews the compensation plans for our non-executive staff.

ITEM 7. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

Transactions with Related Parties

Except for a management services agreement with our President, disclosed under Item 6 of this Form, there have been no transactions with a party who was a related party to our company at the time of the transaction, for either of the fiscal years ended December 31, 2010 or December 31, 2009, or for any period subsequent to such year end.

In 2009, we purchased 100% of the outstanding shares of The Technology Store Inc. (TTS) from Willem P. Duyvesteyn and his spouse. On closing of the acquisition, and in accordance with the terms of the acquisition agreement, Mr. Duyvesteyn was appointed to our board of directors, and subsequently also became our Chief Technical Officer. Mr. Duyvesteyn was not a related party to us at the time the agreement to purchase TTS was entered into or at any time prior to his appointment as a director. See “Item 1. Business – Recent History - Acquisition of The Technology Store, Inc. ” for more information on the transaction.

46


Director Independence

Our common shares and certain of our warrants are listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange. Under Toronto Stock Exchange rules, the Board is required to affirmatively determine that each “independent” director has no material relationship with us which would interfere with the exercise of independent judgment. Our Board has determined that the following directors are “independent” as required by Toronto Stock Exchange listing standards: William B. Harris, Daniel Wolfus, and Barry Davies.

ITEM 8. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

We are not a party to any pending legal proceedings and, to the best of our knowledge, none of our property or assets are the subject of any pending legal proceedings.

ITEM 9. MARKET PRICE OF AND DIVIDENDS ON THE REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

Price Range of Common Shares

The principal market on which our common shares are traded is the Toronto Stock Exchange. Our common shares commenced trading on the Toronto Stock Exchange on April 24, 2008 under the symbol “GP”. Effective March 11, 2009, the common shares were listed and posted for trading on the Toronto Stock Exchange under the symbol “EMC”.

The following table shows the high and low trading prices and average trading volume of our common shares on the Toronto Stock Exchange for the periods indicated.

Year
High
(C$)
Low
(C$)
     Fiscal Year ended December 31, 2009    
     First quarter 0.48 0.11
     Second quarter 0.14 0.09
     Third quarter 0.14 0.08
     Fourth quarter 0.28 0.08
     Fiscal Year ended December 31, 2010    
     First quarter 0.25 0.15
     Second quarter 0.20 0.09
     Third quarter 0.11 0.07
     Fourth quarter 0.44 0.07

47


Price Range of Warrants

We have 15,893,721 warrants listed for trading on the Toronto Stock Exchange. The trading warrants commenced trading on the Toronto Stock Exchange on September 3, 2008 under the symbol “GP.WT”. Effective March 11, 2009, the trading warrants were listed and posted for trading on the Toronto Stock Exchange under the symbol “EMC.WT”. The following table shows the high, low prices and average trading volume of the trading warrants on the Toronto Stock Exchange for the period indicated.

Year
High
(C$)
Low
(C$)
     Fiscal Year ended December 31, 2009    
     First quarter 0.005 0.005
     Second quarter 0.030 0.005
     Third quarter 0.020 0.005
     Fourth quarter 0.015 0.005
     Fiscal Year ended December 31, 2010    
     First quarter 0.035 0.005
     Second quarter 0.015 0.005
     Third quarter 0.005 0.005
     Fourth quarter 0.030 0.005

Transfer Agent for Common Shares and Warrants

The Registrar and Transfer Agent for our Common Shares and our trading warrants is Olympia Trust Company at its principal offices at Suite 1003, 750 West Pender Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6C 2T8.

Dividends

We have not paid any cash dividends on our common shares since our inception and do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. We plan to retain our earnings, if any, to provide funds for the expansion of our business.

ITEM 10. RECENT SALES OF UNREGISTERED SECURITIES

On December 3, 2010 we completed a private placement of 18,929,740 common shares at a price of $0.19 per share for proceeds of $3,596,651. The securities were offered and sold in reliance on the exemptions from registration available under Regulation S and to accredited investors under Rule 506 of Regulation D.

On November 25, 2010 we completed a private placement of 6,100,000 units at a price of $0.10 per unit for gross proceeds of $610,000. Each unit was comprised of one common share and one-half of a warrant. Each full warrant entitles the holder to acquire one common share at a price of $0.18 per share until November 25, 2011. The securities were offered and sold in reliance on the exemptions from registration available under Regulation S and to accredited investors under Rule 506 of Regulation D.

On June 30, 2010, we completed a private placement of 2,947,702 units at a price of $0.10 per unit for gross proceeds of $294,770. Each unit was comprised of one common share and one-half of a warrant. Each full warrant entitled the holder to acquire one additional common share at a price of $0.18 per share until June 30, 2011. The securities were offered and sold in reliance on the exemptions from registration available under Regulation S and to accredited investors under Rule 506 of Regulation D.

48


On January 27, 2010, we completed a private placement of 2,275,000 units at a price of $0.20 per unit for gross proceeds of $455,000. Each unit consisted of one common share and one-half of a warrant. Each full warrant entitled the holder to purchase one common share at a price of $0.25 per share until January 27, 2011. The securities were offered and sold in reliance on the exemptions from registration available under Regulation S and to accredited investors under Rule 506 of Regulation D.

On December 16, 2009, we acquired of all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of The Technology Store, Inc. in consideration for 19,037,386 common shares at a deemed price of $0.10 per share. The securities were offered and sold in reliance on the exemption from registration available to two accredited investors under Rule 506 of Regulation D.

On November 17, 2009, we completed a private placement of 13,000,000 units at a price of $0.08 per unit for gross proceeds of $1,040,000. Each unit consisted of one common share and one-half of a warrant. Each full warrant entitled the holder to purchase one common share at a price of $0.15 per share until November 17, 2010. The securities were offered and sold in reliance on the exemptions from registration available under Regulation S and to accredited investors under Rule 506 of Regulation D.

On October 13, 2009, we issued 500,000 common shares at a deemed price of $0.08 per share pursuant to a purchase and sale agreement in consideration for a 100% interest in the Fostung property. The securities were offered and sold in reliance on the exemption from registration available under Regulation S.

In August 27, 2009 we completed a private placement of 1,500,000 units at a price of $0.10 per unit for gross proceeds of $150,000. Each unit consisted of one common share and one-half of a warrant. Each full warrant entitled the holder to purchase one common share at a price of $0.15 per share until August 27, 2010. The securities were offered and sold in reliance on the exemption from registration available to an accredited investor under Rule 506 of Regulation D.

On May 13, 2009, we issued 89,254 common shares at a price of $0.11 per share in connection with a debt settlement. The securities were offered and sold in reliance on the exemption from registration available to an accredited investor under Rule 506 of Regulation D.

On April 16, 2009, we issued 51,859 common shares at a deemed price of $0.10 per share in connection with the acquisition of an interest in a mining lease agreement. The securities were offered and sold in reliance on the exemptions from registration available under Regulation S.

On March 6, 2009, we completed a spin-off of our then wholly-owned subsidiary, Golden Predator Royalty & Development Corp., whereby our common shareholders exchanged their existing common shares for new common shares of our company and securities of Golden Predator Royalty & Development Corp. The securities were exchanged in reliance on the exemption from registration available under Section 3(a)(10) of the Securities Act of 1933 .

On March 5, 2009, we issued a total of 7,336,874 common shares at a price of $0.50 per share and 2,239,101 warrants in connection with the settlement of certain convertible debentures of our subsidiary, Great American Minerals, Inc. Each warrant entitled the holder to purchase one common share at a price of $0.375 per share until March 5, 2011. The securities were offered and sold in reliance on the exemptions from registration available under Regulation S and to accredited investors under Rule 506 of Regulation D.

49


On January 20, 2009, we issued 66,667 common shares at a deemed price of $0.20 per share in connection with the acquisition by our former subsidiary, Fury Explorations Ltd., of a mineral exploration property. The securities were offered and sold in reliance on the exemption from registration available under Regulation S.

On January 5, 2009, we issued 2,147,117 common shares at a deemed price of $0.14 per share in connection with the acquisition of the Adelaide property. The securities were offered and sold in reliance on the exemption from registration available to accredited investors under Rule 506 of Regulation D.

On October 22, 2008, we issued a total of 4,728,000 units at a deemed price of $0.50 per unit in consideration of an asset purchase agreement between our subsidiary, Spring Mining Company, and Cosgrave Ranch, LLC. Each unit consisted of one common share and one-half of a warrant. Each full warrant entitled the holder to purchase one common share at a price of $0.75 per share until October 27, 2010. The securities were offered and sold in reliance on the exemption from registration available to accredited investors under Rule 506 of Regulation D.

On August 15, 2008, we completed a business combination with Fury Explorations Ltd., pursuant to which we acquired all of the issued and outstanding shares of Fury in exchange for 10,595,814 units of our company, the units comprising of 10,595,814 common shares and 15,893,721 common share purchase warrants. Each warrant entitles the holder to purchase one common share at a price of $3.35 per share until August 15, 2011. In addition, a total of 835,915 stock options and 1,453,100 warrants were issued in exchange for Fury options and warrants pursuant to the business combination. Each stock option entitles the holder to purchase one common share at exercise prices and expiry dates matching the exchanged Fury options as adjusted by the exchange ratio. Each warrant entitled the holder to purchase one common share at exercise prices and expiry dates matching the exchanged Fury warrants as adjusted by the exchange ratio. The securities were offered and sold in reliance on the exemption from registration available under Section 3(a)(10) of the Securities Act of 1933 .

Between July 2008 and November 2008, we issued a total of 375,462 common shares at a price of $2.00 per share in connection with a share exchange agreement with Great American Minerals, Inc. The securities were offered and sold in reliance on the exemptions from registration available under Regulation S and to accredited investors under Rule 506 of Regulation D.

On June 28, 2008, we completed a private placement consisting of 2,500,000 common shares at a price of $2.00 per share for proceeds of $5,000,000. The securities were offered and sold in reliance on the exemption from registration available under Regulation S.

During the period commencing June 2, 2008 and ending May 3, 2011, we granted a total of 28,584,100 stock options in reliance on the exemptions from registration available under Regulation S, to accredited investors under Rule 506 of Regulation D, and under Rule 701 under the Securities Act of 1933.

ITEM 11. DESCRIPTION OF REGISTRANT’S SECURITIES TO BE REGISTERED

Our authorized capital stock consists of an unlimited number of common shares without par value.

As at May 20, 2011, 150,384,412 Common Shares were issued and outstanding. The holders of the Common Shares are entitled to vote at all meetings of shareholders of Common Shares, to receive dividends if, as and when declared by the directors and to participate rateably in any distribution of property or assets upon our liquidation, winding-up or other dissolution. The Common Shares carry no pre-emptive rights, conversion or exchange rights, redemption, retraction, repurchase, sinking fund or purchase fund provisions. There are no provisions requiring the holder of Common Shares to contribute additional capital and no restrictions on the issuance of additional securities by us. There are no restrictions on the repurchase or redemption of Common Shares by us except to the extent that any such repurchase or redemption would render us insolvent pursuant to the BCBCA.

50


ITEM 12. INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS

The corporate laws of British Columbia and Part 21 of our corporate articles allow us to indemnify our directors, former directors, alternate director and their heirs and personal representatives against liability, provided (i) the director or officer was acting on our behalf in his or her official capacity as a director or officer and (ii) such director or officer conducted himself in good faith and believed his conduct was in, or not opposed to, our best interests (or in the case of any criminal proceeding, that he had no reasonable cause to believe his conduct was unlawful. Indemnification permitted by these provisions is limited to reasonable expenses incurred in connection with the proceeding upon which liability is predicated, which includes the amount of any such liability actually imposed.

ITEM 13. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

Please see Item 15 for information on financial statements filed with this registration statement.

ITEM 14. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2009, and 2010, we did not have any disagreement with our accountants on any matter of accounting principles, practices or financial statement disclosure.

ITEM 15. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS SCHEDULES AND EXHIBITS

Financial Statements

The following Consolidated Financial Statements are filed as part of this report.

Description Page
Financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2010 and audit report thereon. F-1
   
Financial statements for the three month period ended March 31, 2011 F-19
   

51



(An Exploration Stage Company)

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

December 31, 2010

F-1


D AVIDSON & C OMPANY LLP     A Partnership of Incorporated Professionals
  Chartered Accountants  

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Shareholders of
EMC Metals Corp.

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of EMC Metals Corp. as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in stockholders' equity, and cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009 and for the period from incorporation on July 17, 2006 to December 31, 2010. EMC Metals Corp.'s management is responsible for these financial statements. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audit included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the company's internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of EMC Metals Corp. as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years then ended and the period from incorporation on July 17, 2006 to December 31, 2010 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company generated negative cash flows from operating activities during the past year. The Company has an accumulated deficit of approximately $53,681,191 for the year ended December 31, 2010. This raises substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

       “DAVIDSON & COMPANY LLP”
   
Vancouver, Canada Chartered Accountants
   
May 19, 2011  

F-2



EMC Metals Corp.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars)
As at December 31
(An Exploration Stage Company)

             
    2010     2009  
             
             
ASSETS            
             
Current            
   Cash $  4,126,424   $  584,436  
   Investments in trading securities, at fair value (Note 6)   2,250     204,582  
   Receivables (net of allowance of $Nil (2009 - $Nil))   41,212     102,615  
   Subscription receivable (Note 13)   210,249     -  
   Prepaid expenses and deposits   91,870     173,145  
             
Total Current Assets   4,472,005     1,064,778  
             
Reclamation bonds (Note 7)   -     23,122  
Property, plant and equipment (Note 8)   34,289,873     34,830,523  
Mineral interests (Note 9)   503,020     1,546,193  
             
Total Assets $  39,264,898   $  37,464,616  
             
             
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY            
             
Current            
   Accounts payable and accrued liabilities $  412,849   $  775,769  
   Due to related parties (Note 10)   -     188,325  
   Derivative liability (Note 11)   228,741     205,867  
   Current portion of promissory notes payable (Note 13)   500,000     -  
             
Total Current Liabilities   1,141,590     1,169,961  
             
Promissory notes payable (Note 13)   3,750,000     4,471,240  
             
Total Liabilities   4,891,590     5,641,201  
             
             
Stockholders’ Equity            
   Capital stock (Note 14) (Authorized: Unlimited number of shares; Issued and
   outstanding: 149,059,412 (2009 – 110,186,970))
 
88,138,487
   
81,889,573
 
   Treasury stock (Note 15)   (2,087,333 )   (2,087,333 )
   Additional paid in capital (Note 14)   2,003,345     979,611  
   Deficit accumulated during the exploration stage   (53,681,191 )   (48,958,436 )
             
Total Stockholders’ Equity   34,373,308     31,823,415  
             
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity $  39,264,898   $  37,464,616  

Nature and continuance of operations (Note 1)
Subsequent events (Note 18)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

F-3



EMC Metals Corp.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars)
(An Exploration Stage Company)

                   
    Cumulative amounts              
    from incorporation     Year ended     Year ended  
    on July 17, 2006 to     December 31,     December 31,  
    December 31, 2010     2010     2009  
                   
                   
EXPENSES                  
     Amortization $  1,956,265   $  455,227   $  628,695  
     Consulting   2,175,626     194,490     351,094  
     Exploration   12,345,708     489,397     369,685  
     General and administrative   6,647,371     437,198     766,820  
     Insurance   890,777     147,351     301,035  
     Professional fees   2,836,802     263,917     423,105  
     Research and development   3,474,068     -     3,474,068  
     Salaries and benefits   5,868,901     595,370     1,009,088  
     Stock-based compensation (Note 14)   5,120,776     795,268     1,815,851  
     Travel and entertainment   1,423,774     107,601     144,326  
                   
Loss before other items   (42,740,068 )   (3,485,819 )   (9,283,767 )
                   
                   
OTHER ITEMS                  
     Foreign exchange gain   583,168     205,218     809,991  
     Gain on transfer of marketable securities   206,974     -     206,974  
     Gain on settlement of convertible debentures   1,449,948     -     1,449,948  
     Gain (loss) on sale of marketable securities   1,836,011     (70,583 )   -  
     Write-off of mineral interests   (18,091,761 )   (1,138,432 )   (16,778,329 )
     Gain on insurance proceeds   972,761     -     -  
     Interest income (expense)   470,226     (301,244 )   65,677  
     Other income   502,965     53,723     114,180  
     Gain (loss) on disposition of assets   476,682     37,256     (2,536 )
     Change in fair value of derivative liability (Note 11)   256,617     (22,874 )   279,491  
     Unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities   (3,269,033 )   -     61,666  
                   
    (14,605,442 )   (1,236,936 )   (13,792,938 )
                   
Loss before income taxes   (57,345,510 )   (4,722,755 )   (23,076,705 )
                   
Deferred income tax recovery (Note 12)   6,522,138     -     1,431,124  
                   
Loss and comprehensive loss for the year $  (50,823,372 ) $  (4,722,755 ) $  (21,645,581 )
                   
Basic and diluted loss per common share       $  (0.04 ) $  (0.28 )
                   
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding       121,344,723     77,757,882  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

F-4



EMC Metals Corp.
(An Exploration Stage Company)
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars)
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31

                   
    Cumulative amounts              
    from incorporation     Year ended     Year ended  
    on July 17, 2006 to     December 31,     December 31,  
    December 31, 2010     2010     2009  
                   
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES                  
     Loss for the year $  (50,823,372 ) $  (4,722,755 ) $  (21,645,581 )
     Items not affecting cash:                  
             Amortization   1,956,265     455,227     628,695  
             Research and development   3,474,068     -     3,474,068  
             Consulting paid with common shares   10,711     -     10,711  
             Loss (gain) on disposal of assets   (476,682 )   (37,256 )   2,536  
             Convertible debenture costs   (1,312,878 )   -     (1,312,878 )
             Unrealized foreign exchange   714,862     (220,672 )   (840,664 )
             Stock-based compensation   5,120,776     795,268     1,815,851  
             Unrealized gain on marketable securities   3,269,033     -     (61,666 )
             Realized loss on marketable securities   (1,836,011 )   70,583     -  
             Write-off of mineral properties   18,091,761     1,138,432     16,778,329  
             Realized gain on transfer of marketable securities   (206,974 )   -     (206,974 )
             Change in fair value of derivative liability   (256,617 )   22,874     (279,491 )
             Future income tax recovery   (6,522,138 )   -     (1,431,124 )
                   
    (28,797,196 )   (2,498,299 )   (3,068,188 )
                   
       Changes in non-cash working capital items:                  
             Decrease in receivables   5,285     61,403     105,735  
             (Increase) decrease in prepaid expenses and other                  
             assets   (74,626 )   81,275     8,631  
             Proceeds from sale of marketable securities, net   (4,135,798 )   -     158,954  
             Decrease in accounts payable and accrued liabilities   (848,393 )   (94,913 )   (720,839 )
             Increase in due to related parties   1,163,028     762,028     401,000  
             Asset retirement obligations   (1,065,891 )   -     -  
                   
    (33,753,591 )   (1,688,506 )   (3,114,707 )
                   
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES                  
             Cash acquired from Subsidiary   4,857,012     -     206,019  
             Cash paid for Subsidiary (Note 5)   (11,359,511 )   (557,523 )   -  
             Spin-out of Golden Predator Corp.   (76,388 )   -     (76,388 )
             Reclamation bonds   795,785     -     -  
             Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment   660,336     109,797     28,197  
             Purchase of property, plant and equipment   (21,215,113 )   (90,252 )   (170,637 )
             Additions to unproven mineral interests   (2,991,515 )   (300,000 )   (221,210 )
                   
    (29,329,394 )   (837,978 )   (234,014 )
                   
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES                  
             Common shares issued   55,311,172     4,746,172     1,190,000  
             Share issuance costs   (1,277,713 )   -     -  
             Special warrants   13,000,000     -     -  
             Options exercised   341,900     230,300     20,200  
             Warrants exercised   10,844,250     1,092,000     -  
             Notes payable   (9,966,000 )   -     -  
             Payment of promissory note   (1,260,700 )   -     -  
             Advances from related party   216,500     -     -  
             Loans advanced to Midway   (2,000,000 )   -     -  
             Loan repayment from Midway   2,000,000     -     1,000,000  
                   
    67,209,409     6,068,472     2,210,200  
                   
Change in cash during the year   4,126,424     3,541,988     (1,138,526 )
                   
Cash, beginning of year   -     584,436     1,722,962  
                   
Cash, end of year $  4,126,424   $  4,126,424   $  584,436  

Supplemental disclosure with respect to cash flows (Note 17)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

F-5



EMC Metals Corp.
(An Exploration Stage Company)
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars)

                               
    Capital Stock                 Deficit        
                            Accumulated        
                Additional           During the        
    Number of           Paid in     Treasury     Exploration        
    Shares     Amount     Capital     Stock     Stage     Total  
        $     $     $     $     $    
Balance, July 17, 2006   -     -     -     -     -     -  
Private placements   5,000,000     3,500,000     -     -     -     3,500,000  
Excess of exchange amount over carrying amount of Springer Mining Company   -     -     -     -     (2,857,819 )   (2,857,819 )
Loss for the year   -     -     -     -     (357,670 )   (357,670 )
                                     
Balance, December 31, 2006   5,000,000     3,500,000     -     -     (3,215,489 )   284,511  
Private placements   17,577,500     35,155,000     -     -     -     35,155,000  
Conversion of special warrants   5,390,000     5,390,000     -     -     -     5,390,000  
Exercise of warrants   50,000     75,000     -     -     -     75,000  
Share issuance costs – broker’s fees   -     (1,215,074 )   99,000     -     -     (1,116,074 )
Share issuance costs – shares issued   100,000     100,000     -     -     -     100,000  
Shares issued for mineral properties   100,000     100,000     -     -     -     100,000  
Stock-based compensation   40,000     40,000     489,562     -     -     529,562  
Loss for the year   -     -     -     -     (6,128,912 )   (6,128,912 )
                                     
Balance, December 31, 2007   28,257,500     43,144,926     588,562     -     (9,344,401 )   34,389,087  
Private placements   5,322,500     10,645,000     -     -     -     10,645,000  
Conversion of special warrants   7,610,000     7,610,000     -     -     -     7,610,000  
Share issuance costs – broker’s fees   -     (261,638 )   -     -     -     (261,638 )
Shares issued for mineral properties   110,000     210,000     -     -     -     210,000  
Acquisition of Gold Standard Royalty Corp.   2,050,000     4,100,000     143,017     -     -     4,243,017  
Acquisition of Great American Minerals Inc.   1,045,775     2,091,550     426,672     -     -     2,518,222  
Acquisition of Fury Explorations Ltd.   10,595,814     13,774,558     7,787,783     (2,087,333 )   -     19,475,008  
Exercise of stock options   6,637,224     10,027,915     (184,265 )   -     -     9,843,650  
Shares issued for repayment of promissory note   4,728,000     2,364,000     -     -     -     2,364,000  
Stock-based compensation   -     -     2,324,458     -     -     2,324,458  
Loss for the year   -     -     -     -     (17,968,454 )   (17,968,454 )
                                     
Balance, December 31, 2008   66,356,813     93,706,311     11,086,227     (2,087,333 )   (27,312,855 )   75,392,350  
Private placements   14,500,000     1,190,000     -     -     -     1,190,000  
Exercise of stock options   101,000     126,186     (105,986 )   -     -     20,200  
Shares issued for mineral properties   2,765,643     367,695     -     -     -     367,695  
Settlement of convertible debentures   7,336,874     2,934,752     62,903     -     -     2,997,655  
Shares issued for consulting   87,254     10,711     -     -     -     10,711  
Shares issued for acquisition of TTS   19,037,386     2,094,112     -     -     -     2,094,112  
Stock-based compensation before spin-out   -     -     836,240     -     -     836,240  
Spin-out of GPD   -     (18,540,194 )   (11,879,384 )   -     -     (30,419,578 )
Stock-based compensation after spin-out   -     -     979,611     -     -     979,611  
Loss for the year   -     -     -     -     (21,645,581 )   (21,645,581 )
                                     
Balance, December 31, 2009   110,186,970     81,889,573     979,611     (2,087,333 )   (48,958,436 )   31,823,415  
Private placements   30,252,442     4,700,312     454,768     -     -     5,155,080  
Exercise of stock options   1,320,000     456,602     (226,302 )   -     -     230,300  
Exercise of warrants   7,300,000     1,092,000     -     -     -     1,092,000  
Stock-based compensation   -     -     795,268     -     -     795,268  
Loss for the year   -     -     -     -     (4,722,755 )   (4,722,755 )
                                     
Balance, December 31, 2010   149,059,412     88,138,487     2,003,345     (2,087,333 )   (53,681,191 )   34,373,308  

F-6



EMC Metals Corp.
(An Exploration Stage Company)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2010
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars)
 

1.

NATURE AND CONTINUANCE OF OPERATIONS

   

EMC Metals Corp. (the “Company”) is incorporated under the laws of the Province of British Columbia. The Company is focused on specialty metals exploration and production and has recently acquired various metallurgical technologies and licenses that it is utilizing to gain access to a number of specialty metals opportunities.

   

The Company’s principal properties are located in the state of Nevada, with additional properties located in the province of Ontario and in Australia. The Company’s principal asset, the Springer Tungsten mill, is currently on care and maintenance pending a sustained improvement in tungsten prices. To December 31, 2010, the Company has not commenced production and has generated no revenue. The Company’s remaining properties are in the exploration or pre-exploration stage. As such, the Company is in the exploration stage and anticipates incurring significant expenditures prior to commencement of contract milling operations.

   

These consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis that contemplates the realization of assets and discharge of liabilities at their carrying values in the normal course of business for the foreseeable future. These financial statements do not reflect any adjustments that may be necessary if the Company is unable to continue as a going concern.

   

The Company currently earns no operating revenues and will require additional capital in order to refit its Springer tungsten mill and earn its 50% interest in the Nyngan property. The Company’s ability to continue as a going concern is uncertain and is dependent upon the generation of profits from mineral properties, obtaining additional financing or maintaining continued support from its shareholders and creditors. The Company is currently working on securing additional financing to meet its needs; however there is no guarantee that these efforts will be successful. In the event that additional financial support is not received or operating profits are not generated, the carrying values of the Company’s assets may be adversely affected. The inability to raise additional financing may affect the future assessment of the Company as a going concern.

   
2.

SPIN OUT TRANSACTION

   

On March 6, 2009, the Company completed a transfer of its gold and silver focused, precious metals portfolio to Golden Predator Corp. (“GPD”). To complete the transaction, the Company issued one unit of GPD for each four shares of the Company held by the shareholder on record at the effective date. Each unit consisted of one GPD common share and one GPD common share purchase right. Each GPD right could be exercised until April 15, 2009 at a price of $0.50 to acquire a further GPD common share and a half GPD share purchase warrant with each whole GPD share purchase warrant exercisable at a price of $0.60 until July 31, 2009, $0.65 until October 31, 2009, $0.70 until January 31, 2010, and $0.90 until April 30, 2010.

   

Pursuant to the spin-out transaction, all gold and silver-focused mineral properties and related exploration operations were transferred from the Company to GPD. The transfer included the wholly owned subsidiaries; Golden Predator Mines (U.S.) Ltd., Cedar Mountain Gold Inc, Gold Standard Royalty Corporation and its subsidiary and Fury Explorations Ltd. and its subsidiaries, along with certain marketable securities.

   

The spin-out agreement also outlined the treatment of pre-spin-out intercompany accounts and various other items such as marketable securities, deposits, loans, etc. which have been reflected in these financial statements. The assets spun out of the Company to GPD were as follows:


Cash $  76,388  
Marketable Securities   1,022,214  
Receivables   13,678  
Prepaid Expenses   68,084  
Reclamation Bonds   374,404  
Property, Plant and Equipment   2,534,228  
Mineral Properties   31,246,782  
Accounts Payable   (38,371 )
Future Income Taxes   (4,877,829 )
       
Total Contribution $  30,419,578  

3.

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

   
  a. Basis of presentation

These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles of the United States of America (“US GAAP”).

These consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated on consolidation.

F-7



EMC Metals Corp.
(An Exploration Stage Company)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2010
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars)
 

3.

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont’d…)

   
  b. Use of estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

  c.

Investment in trading securities

The Company’s trading securities are reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses included in earnings.

  d.

Property, plant and equipment

Property, plant and equipment are recorded at cost less accumulated amortization, calculated as follows:

Plant and equipment 5% straight line
Building 5% straight line
Computer equipment 30% straight line
Small tools and equipment 20% straight line
Office equipment 20% straight line
Automobile 30% straight line
Leasehold improvements Over life of the lease

  e.

Mineral properties and exploration and development costs

The costs of acquiring mineral rights are capitalized at the date of acquisition. After acquisition, various factors can affect the recoverability of the capitalized costs. If, after review, management concludes that the carrying amount of a mineral property is impaired, it will be written down to estimated fair value. Exploration costs incurred on mineral properties are expensed as incurred. Development costs incurred on proven and probable reserves will be capitalized. Upon commencement of production, capitalized costs will be amortized using the unit-of-production method over the estimated life of the ore body based on proven and probable reserves (which exclude non-recoverable reserves and anticipated processing losses).

  f.

Asset retirement obligations

The Company records the fair value of an asset retirement obligation as a liability in the period in which it incurs a legal obligation associated with the retirement of tangible long-lived assets that result from the acquisition, construction, development, and/or normal use of the long-lived assets. The Company also records a corresponding asset which is amortized over the life of the asset. Subsequent to the initial measurement of the asset retirement obligation, the obligation is adjusted at the end of each period to reflect the passage of time (accretion expense) and changes in the estimated future cash flows underlying the obligation (asset retirement cost).

  g.

Long-lived assets

Long-lived assets held and used by the Company are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. For purposes of evaluating the recoverability of long-lived assets, the recoverability test is performed using undiscounted net cash flows related to the long-lived assets. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets. Assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell.

  h.

Income taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. Under the asset and liability method the effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is recognized if it is more likely than not that some part or all of the deferred tax asset will not be recognized.

F-8



EMC Metals Corp.
(An Exploration Stage Company)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2010
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars)
 

3.

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont’d…)


  i.

Loss per share

Basic loss per common share is computed using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the year. To calculate diluted loss per share, the Company uses the treasury stock method and the if converted method. As of December 31, 2010, there were 23,792,485 warrants (2009 – 27,795,135) and 11,473,750 options (2009 – 9,534,725) outstanding which have not been included in the weighted average number of common shares outstanding as these were anti-dilutive.

  j.

Foreign exchange

The Company's functional currency is the Canadian dollar. The Company does not have any significant non-monetary assets and liabilities that are in a currency other than the Canadian dollar. Any monetary assets and liabilities that are in a currency other than the Canadian dollar are translated at the rate prevailing at year end. Revenue and expenses in a foreign currency are translated at rates that approximate those in effect at the time of translation. Gains and losses from translation of foreign currency transactions into Canadian dollars are included in current results of operations.

  k.

Stock-based compensation

The Company accounts for stock-based compensation under the provisions of ASC 718, “Compensation-Stock Compensation”. Under the fair value recognition provisions, stock-based compensation expense is measured at the grant date for all stock-based awards to employees and directors and is recognized as an expense over the requisite service period, which is generally the vesting period. The Black-Scholes option valuation model is used to calculate fair value.

  l.

Financial instruments

The Company’s financial instruments consist of cash, investments in trading securities, subscriptions receivable, receivables, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, due to related parties, and promissory notes payable. It is management's opinion that the Company is not exposed to significant interest, currency or credit risks arising from its financial instruments. The fair values of these financial instruments approximate their carrying values unless otherwise noted. The Company has its cash primarily in one commercial bank in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

  m.

Fair value of financial assets and liabilities

The Company measures the fair value of financial assets and liabilities based on US GAAP guidance which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. Effective January 1, 2008, the Company adopted the provisions for financial assets and liabilities, as well as for any other assets and liabilities that are carried at fair value on a recurring basis. Effective January 1, 2009, the Company adopted the provisions for non-financial assets and liabilities that are required to be measured at fair value.

The Company classifies financial assets and liabilities as held-for-trading, available-for-sale, held-to-maturity, loans and receivables or other financial liabilities depending on their nature. Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognized at fair value on their initial recognition, except for those arising from certain related party transactions which are accounted for at the transferor’s carrying amount or exchange amount.

Financial assets and liabilities classified as held-for-trading are measured at fair value, with gains and losses recognized in net income. Financial assets classified as held-to-maturity, loans and receivables, and financial liabilities other than those classified as held-for-trading are measured at amortized cost, using the effective interest method of amortization. Financial assets classified as available-for-sale are measured at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses being recognized as other comprehensive income until realized, or if an unrealized loss is considered other than temporary, the unrealized loss is recorded in income.

Financial instruments, including receivables, subscriptions receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, due to related parties, and promissory notes payable are carried at cost, which management believes approximates fair value due to the short term nature of these instruments. Investments in trading securities are classified as held for trading, with unrealized gains and losses being recognized in income.

The following table presents information about the assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2010, and indicates the fair value hierarchy of the valuation techniques the Company utilized to determine such fair value. In general, fair values determined by Level 1 inputs utilize quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets. Fair values determined by Level 2 inputs utilize data points that are observable such as quoted prices, interest rates and yield curves. Fair values determined by Level 3 inputs are unobservable data points for the asset or liability, and included situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the asset:

                           
                  Significant        
            Quoted Prices     Other     Significant  
            in Active     Observable     Unobservable  
      December 31,     Markets     Inputs     Inputs  
      2010     (Level 1)   (Level 2)   (Level 3)
  Assets:                        
  Cash $  4,126,424   $  4,126,424   $  —   $  —  
  Investments in trading securities $  2,250   $  2,250   $  —   $  —  
           Total $  4,128,674   $  4,128,674   $  —   $  —  

The fair values of cash and investments in trading securities are determined through market, observable and corroborated sources.

F-9



EMC Metals Corp.
(An Exploration Stage Company)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2010
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars)
 

3.

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont’d…)


  n.

Concentration of credit risk

The financial instrument which potentially subjects the Company to concentration of credit risk is cash. The Company maintains cash in bank accounts that, at times, may exceed federally insured limits. As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, the Company has exceeded the federally insured limit. The Company has not experienced any losses in such amounts and believes it is not exposed to any significant risks on its cash in bank accounts.

  o.

Comparative figures

Certain comparative figures have been reclassified to conform with the current year’s presentation.

4.

RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

   

In April 2010, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2010-13, Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718), amending ASC 718. ASU 2010-13 clarifies that a stock-based payment award with an exercise price denominated in the currency of a market in which the entity’s equity securities trade should not be classified as a liability if it otherwise qualifies as equity. ASU 2010-13 is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2010 (January 1, 2011 for the Company). The Company is currently evaluating the impact of ASU 2010-09, but does not expect its adoption to have a material impact on the Company’s financial reporting disclosures.

   

In December 2010, the FASB issued ASU 2010-29, which contains updated accounting guidance to clarify the acquisition date that should be used for reporting pro forma financial information when comparative financial statements are issued. This update requires that a company should disclose revenue and earnings of the combined entity as though the business combination(s) that occurred during the current year had occurred as of the beginning of the comparable prior annual reporting period only. This update also requires disclosure of the nature and amount of material, nonrecurring pro forma adjustments. The provisions of this update, which are to be applied prospectively, are effective for business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2010, with early adoption permitted. The impact of this update on the Company’s consolidated financial statements will depend on the size and nature of future business combinations.

   
5.

ACQUISITION OF SUBSIDIARY

   

The Technology Store

   

On December 16, 2009, the Company acquired all of the issued and outstanding common shares of The Technology Store (“TTS”) a privately held company, incorporated in Nevada, USA in consideration for 19,037,386 common shares of the Company valued at $2,094,112, cash of $852,334 (US$802,358) of which $557,523 (US$526,179) was paid in the current year, and a promissory note in the amount of $529,990 (US$500,000) (Note 13) for total consideration of $3,476,436. TTS’s operating results were recognized in the consolidated statement of operations beginning on December 16, 2009, the effective date of the acquisition.

   

The allocation of the purchase cost to TTS’s assets and liabilities is as follows:


Cash $  500,830  
Receivables   26,743  
Other assets   2,368  
In-process research and development   3,474,068  
Accounts payable   (527,573 )
       
Total Consideration $  3,476,436  

6.

INVESTMENTS IN TRADING SECURITIES

   

At December 31, 2010, the Company held investments classified as trading securities, which consisted of various equity securities. All trading securities are carried at fair value. As of December 31, 2010, the fair value of trading securities was $2,250 (2009 – $204,582).

   
7.

RECLAMATION BONDS

   

Reclamation bonds of $Nil (2009 – US$22,000) were held as security for any potential reclamation of the Company’s land and unproven mineral interests.

F-10



EMC Metals Corp.
(An Exploration Stage Company)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2010
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars)
 

8.

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT


                                       
      2010     2009  
                                       
            Accumulated     Net Book           Accumulated     Net Book  
      Cost      Amortization      Value     Cost     Amortization     Value  
                                       
                                       
  Land and water rights $  7,972,291   $  -   $  7,972,291   $  7,972,291   $  -   $  7,972,291  
  Plant and equipment   25,618,528     -     25,618,528     25,602,178     -     25,602,178  
  Cosgrave plant and equipment   375,763     228,155     147,608     375,763     155,562     220,201  
  Building   222,685     35,304     187,381     222,685     24,071     198,614  
  Automobiles   172,542     172,542     -     244,996     187,240     57,756  
  Computer equipment   364,697     357,985     6,712     643,166     465,101     178,065  
  Small tools and equipment   963,537     680,482     283,055     960,713     495,427     465,286  
  Office equipment   278,561     204,263     74,298     278,561     146,308     132,253  
  Leasehold improvements   13,083     13,083     -     13,083     9,204     3,879  
                                       
    $  35,981,687   $  1,691,814   $ 34,289,873   $  36,313,436   $  1,482,913   $ 34,830,523  

Land and water rights are in respect of the Cosgrave property in Pershing County, Nevada. The plant and equipment is comprised of the Springer Plant and Mill in Nevada which is currently under care and maintenance.

9.

MINERAL INTERESTS


                           
  December 31, 2010   Other     Gold     Tungsten     Total  
                           
                           
  Acquisition costs                        
                           
               Balance, December 31, 2009 $  -   $  1,343,173   $  203,020   $  1,546,193  
                     Additions   300,000     -     -     300,000  
                     Written-off   -     (1,138,432 )   -     (1,138,432 )
                     Sold   -     (204,741 )   -     (204,741 )
                           
                Balance, December 31, 2010 $  300,000   $  -   $  203,020   $  503,020  

                           
  December 31, 2009   Silver     Gold     Tungsten     Total  
                           
                           
        Acquisition costs                        
                           
               Balance, January 1, 2009 $  19,464,030   $  29,686,827   $  199,237   $  49,350,094  
                     Additions   -     217,427     3,783     221,210  
                     Written off during the year   -     (16,778,329 )   -     (16,778,329 )
                     Spun out to GPD (Note 2)   (19,464,030 )   (11,782,752 )   -     (31,246,782 )
                           
                  Balance, December 31, 2009 $  -   $  1,343,173   $  203,020   $  1,546,193  

Title to mineral property interests involves certain inherent risks due to the difficulties of determining the validity of certain claims as well as the potential for problems arising from the frequently ambiguous conveyancing history characteristic of many mineral property interests. The Company has investigated title to all of its mineral property interests and, to the best of its knowledge, title to all of its properties is in good standing.

F-11



EMC Metals Corp.
(An Exploration Stage Company)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2010
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars)
 

9.

MINERAL INTERESTS (Cont’d…)

Impairment of mineral properties

During the year ended December 31, 2010, the Company has reviewed the carrying value of its mineral properties for impairment and compared the carrying value to the future cash flows in the case of its tungsten properties, and fair market value in respect of its remaining properties, and has written down its gold properties by $1,138,432. The Company sold these properties during the year.

During the year ended December 31, 2009 the Company determined that the capitalized value of its remaining gold and silver properties exceeded their fair market value and wrote these properties down by $16,778,329.

GOLD AND SILVER PROPERTIES

Pursuant to the spin-out with GPD (Note 2) by memorandum of agreement dated February 5, 2009 between the Company’s subsidiary, Great American Minerals Inc. (“GAM”) and GPD, all non-core gold mineral properties were leased or assigned to GPD under customary commercial terms as described in definitive agreements dated June 2, 2009 (the “Agreements”). During the year ended December 31, 2010, the Company agreed to sell its subsidiary, GAM to GPD for $225,000 to be applied against the intercompany loan amount owing. The Company retained its interest in the non-gold properties, Black Kettle and Spruce Mountain.

Properties held by GAM that had been assigned to GPD where a commercial interest had been retained prior to the sale of GAM were as follows:

Phoenix Joint Venture

On December 27, 2007, the parties to Phoenix JV exercised their option to purchase the Lewis mineral property in Lander County, Nevada by making a cash payment of US$2,000,000 together with the first payment of the advance royalty in the cash amount of US$60,000.

Modoc

GAM has a lease and option to purchase a 2/3 interest in 12 mineral claims included with the Modoc gold property, located in Lander County, Nevada.

Platte River

GAM had a 49% interest in certain unpatented claims located in Eureka County, Nevada. During fiscal 2009, GAM wrote off the costs associated with Platte River.

Leased Properties

Pursuant to the Agreement, GAM has leased to GPD one property located in White Pine County, Nevada, Treasure Hill, (141 claims), one property located in Lander County, Nevada, Modoc (108 claims) and various properties located in Eureka County, Nevada including: GQ West (24 claims); Highway (20 claims); JAG (44 claims); Kobeh (18 claims); Trail (30 claims) and UNR Keystone (231 claims) and one property in Modoc County, CA High Grade (150 claims).

TUNGSTEN PROPERTY

Springer Property

On November 21, 2006, the Company acquired all outstanding and issued shares of Springer Mining Company (“Springer”). Included in the assets of Springer and allocated to property, plant and equipment (Note 8) are the Springer Mine and Mill located in Pershing County, Nevada.

SCANDIUM PROPERTY

Nyngan, New South Wales Property

On February 5, 2010, the Company entered in to an agreement with Jervois Mining Limited (“Jervois”) whereby it would acquire a 50% interest in certain properties located in New South Wales, Australia. In order for the Company to earn its interest which is subject to a 2% NSR, the Company paid the sum of $300,000 into escrow, that was released to Jervois upon satisfaction of certain conditions precedent, including verification of title to the Nyngan property and approval of the Toronto Stock Exchange, and must:

F-12



EMC Metals Corp.
(An Exploration Stage Company)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2010
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars)
 

9.

MINERAL INTERESTS (Cont’d…)

SCANDIUM PROPERTY (Cont’d…)

Nyngan, New South Wales Property (Cont’d…)

  a)

Incur exploration and metallurgical work of A$500,000 (CAD$466,000) within 180 business days of the conditions precedent being satisfied, or pay cash in lieu thereof. On September 29, 2010 the Company received a six month extension to complete its exploration commitment. In the event that the Company wishes to continue the joint venture, the Company must deliver a feasibility study within 480 business days of the conditions precedent being satisfied, failing which the Agreement will terminate.

     
  b)

Upon delivering the feasibility study to Jervois, pay to Jervois an additional A$1,300,000 plus GST at which time it will be granted a 50% interest in the joint venture. The JV Agreement provides for straight-line dilution, with interests diluted below 10% being converted into a 2% NSR.


10.

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

   

Related party transactions not disclosed elsewhere are summarized as follows:

   

During fiscal 2010, the Company paid or accrued management fees of $Nil (2009 - $334,200) to a company controlled by a director of the Company.

   

During fiscal 2010, the Company paid or accrued consulting fees of $46,175 (2009 - $Nil) to the former CEO of the Company and paid or accrued consulting fees of $137,247 (2009 - $Nil) to the current CEO and president of the Company.

   

The above transactions occurred in the normal course of operations and were measured at the exchange amount, which is the amount of consideration established and agreed to by the related parties. Amounts payable to related parties have no specific terms of repayment, are unsecured, and have no interest rate.

   

During fiscal 2010, the Company sold software with a net book value of $103,134 to a company with previously common directors.

   
11.

DERIVATIVE LIABILITY

   

The Company evaluated the application of SFAS 133 and EITF 00-19 for the settlement of convertible debentures through the issuance of shares and warrants. Based on the guidance in SFAS 133 and EITF 00-19, the Company concluded that the warrants were required to be accounted for as derivates. The warrants issued pursuant to the settlement were in a functional currency different than that of the Company and therefore met the attributes of a liability. The Company is required to record the fair value of these warrants on its balance sheet at fair value with changes in the values of these derivatives reflected in the statement of operations.

   

The Company uses the Black-Scholes valuation model for calculation of the fair value of derivative liabilities. The Company uses volatility rates based upon the closing stock price of its common stock. The Company uses a risk-free interest rate which is the bank of Canada rate with a maturity that approximates the estimated expected life of a derivative. The Company uses the closing market price of the common stock on the date of issuance of a derivative or at the end of a quarter when a derivative is valued at fair value. The volatility was 100%, the risk-free interest rate was 1%, a dividend rate of 0%, and the expected life was 0.17 and 1.17 years respectively, during the years ending December 31, 2010 and 2009.

F-13



EMC Metals Corp.
(An Exploration Stage Company)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2010
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars)
 

12.

DEFERRED INCOME TAXES

A reconciliation of income taxes at statutory rates with the reported taxes is as follows:

               
      2010     2009  
               
  Loss before income taxes $  (4,722,755 ) $  (21,645,581 )
               
  Expected income tax recovery   1,339,466     7,006,859  
  Stock-based compensation   (226,651 )   (544,755 )
  Write-off of mineral properties   (324,453 )   (5,003,499 )
  Other items   (254,313 )   147,067  
               
      534,049     1,575,672  
  Unrecognized benefit of non-capital losses   (534,049 )   (144,548 )
               
  Income tax recovery $  -   $  1,431,124  

The income tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant components of deferred income tax assets and liabilities are as follows:

               
      2010     2009  
               
  Deferred income tax assets            
       Losses available for future periods $  8,421,245   $  6,771,624  
       Share issuance costs   82,718     151,853  
       Marketable securities   -     17,396  
       Mineral interests   -     381,406  
               
  Deferred income tax liabilities:            
       Property, plant and equipment   (253,132 )   (335,226 )
               
      8,250,831     6,987,053  
  Less: valuation allowance   (8,250,831 )   (6,987,053 )
               
  Net deferred income tax liability $  -   $  -  

At December 31, 2010, the Company has Canadian non-capital loss carry forwards of approximately $26,380,000 and United States’ operating losses of approximately $5,350,000. The Canadian non-capital loss carry forwards and United States’ operating losses expire at various dates from 2023 to 2030. The potential income tax benefits related to the Canadian loss carry forwards and certain of the United States’ operating losses have not been reflected in the accounts.

13.

PROMISSORY NOTES PAYABLE


                 
        2010     2009  
                 
 

Promissory note with a principal balance of US$500,000, bearing interest at prime per annum, maturing December 16, 2011 due to a director of the Company.

  $  500,000   $  529,990  
 

             
 

Promissory note with a principal balance of US$ 3,750,000, bearing interest at 6% per annum, maturing July 3, 2013 and secured by land and water rights.

         
 

             
 

During fiscal 2008 the Company entered into a promissory note for US$6,750,000 as consideration for the acquisition of land and water rights. The Company subsequently made principal payments of US$3,000,000 consisting of a cash payment of US$1,000,000 and 4,728,000 units of the Company valued at US$2,000,000. Each unit consisted of one common share and one-half share purchase warrant exercisable at CDN$0.75 each and exercisable for a period of two years.

    3,750,000     3,941,250  
                 
        4,250,000     4,471,240  
                 
  Less: current portion     (500,000 )   -  
                 
      $ 3,750,000    $ 4,471,240   

F-14



EMC Metals Corp.
(An Exploration Stage Company)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2010
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars)
 


14.

CAPITAL STOCK AND ADDITIONAL PAID IN CAPITAL

On December 3, 2010, the Company issued 18,929,740 common shares at a value of $0.19 per common share for total proceeds of $3,596,651 of which $210,249 was recorded as subscription receivable as it was received subsequent to year-end.

On November 25, 2010, the Company issued 6,100,000 units at a value of $0.10 per unit for total proceeds of $610,000. Each unit consisted of one common share and one-half of one share purchase warrant exercisable at $0.18 expiring on November 25, 2011. The warrants have a calculated total fair value of $142,358 using the Black-Scholes pricing model with a volatility of 142.52%, risk-free rate of 1.73%, expected life of 1 year, and a dividend rate of 0%.

On June 30, 2010, the Company issued 2,947,702 units at a value of $0.10 per unit for total proceeds of $294,770. Each unit consisted of one common share and one-half of one share purchase warrant exercisable at $0.18 until June 30, 2011. The warrants have a calculated total fair value of $35,638 using the Black-Scholes pricing model with a volatility of 123.84%, risk-free rate of 1.39%, expected life of 1 year, and a dividend rate of 0%.

On February 17, 2010, the Company issued 2,275,000 units at a value of $0.20 per unit for total proceeds of $455,000. Each unit consisted of one common share and one-half of one share purchase warrant exercisable at $0.25 until February 17, 2011. The warrants have a with a calculated total fair value of $78,113 using the Black-Scholes pricing model with a volatility of 131.19%, risk-free rate of 1.34%, expected life of 1 year, and a dividend rate of 0%. All of the warrants were exercised subsequent to year-end.

On November 17, 2009, the Company issued 13,000,000 units at a value of $0.08 per unit for total proceeds of $1,040,000. Each unit consisted of one common share and one-half of one share purchase warrant. Each full warrant entitles the holder to purchase an additional share at $0.15 per share until November 17, 2010.

On October 13, 2009, the Company issued 500,000 common shares at a value of $45,000 for the Fostung Tungsten project.

On August 27, 2009, the Company issued 1,500,000 units at a value of $0.10 per unit, pursuant to a non-brokered private placement for proceeds of $150,000. Each unit consisted of one common share and one-half of one share purchase warrant. Each full warrant entitles the holder to purchase an additional share at $0.15 per share until August 27, 2010.

On May 13, 2009, the Company issued 89,254 common shares at a value of $0.12 per share to a consultant for settlement of consulting fees for Fury Explorations Ltd. (“Fury”), a subsidiary of GPD, under the plan of Arrangement of spin-out.

On April 21, 2009, the Company issued 51,859 common shares at a value of $0.10 per share for the Platte River property.

On January 21, 2009, the Company issued 66,784 common shares at a value of $0.20 per share for the Guijoso property for Fury.

On January 6, 2009, the Company issued 2,147,000 common shares at a value of US$250,000 for the Adelaide and Tuscarora projects for Golden Predator Mines US Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company prior to the spin-out.

On November 17, 2008, the Company issued 76,274 common shares in connection with the acquisition of the subsidiary, Great American Minerals Inc.

On October 18, 2008, the Company issued 4,728,000 units to Cosgrave for repayment of a promissory note at a value of US$2,000,000. Each unit consists of one common share of the Company and one-half of one common share purchase warrant with a two year life and exercisable at $0.75.

In July 2008, the Company completed a private placement consisting of 2,500,000 common shares at $2.00 per share for proceeds of $5,000,000. In connection with this private placement the Company paid a finder’s fee of $250,000.

In January 2008, the Company completed a private placement consisting of 2,822,500 units at $2.00 per unit for gross proceeds of $5,645,000. Included in the proceeds was $3,620,000 received in advance as of December 31, 2007. Each unit consisted of one common share and one half of one share purchase warrant. Each whole warrant entitles the holder to acquire one additional common share at $3.00 for a period of 12 months.

In November 2007, the Company completed private placements consisting of 17,577,500 units at $2.00 per unit for proceeds of $35,155,000. Each unit consisted of one common share and one half of one common share purchase warrant. Each whole warrant entitles the holder to acquire one additional common share at $3.00 for a period of 12 months following the closing of the placement.

In December 2007, the Company issued 5,390,000 common shares pursuant to the conversion of special warrants. The Company paid $1,016,074 and issued 100,000 common share valued at $100,000 as issuance costs and finder’s fees. The Company also granted warrants to acquire 300,000 common shares exercisable at $1.50 expiring September 22, 2008. The warrants were valued at $99,000 with the Black-Scholes option pricing model using an expected volatility of 115%, life of one year, a risk free interest rate of 4% and a dividend yield of 0%.

In December 2006, the company issued 5,000,000 common shares at $0.70 per common share for gross proceeds of $3,500,000.

F-15



EMC Metals Corp.
(An Exploration Stage Company)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2010
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars)
 

14.

CAPITAL STOCK AND ADDITIONAL PAID IN CAPITAL (Cont’d…)

   

Stock Options and Warrants

   

The Company established a stock option plan (the “Plan”) under which it is authorized to grant options to executive officers and directors, employees and consultants and the number of options granted under the Plan shall not exceed 15% of the shares outstanding. Under the Plan, the exercise period of the options may not exceed five years from the date of grant and vesting is determined by the Board of Directors.

   

Stock option and share purchase warrant transactions are summarized as follows:


                     
      Warrants     Stock Options  
                           
            Weighted average           Weighted average  
      Number     exercise price     Number     exercise price  
                           
                           
  Outstanding, December 31, 2008   19,927,354   $  3.00     8,060,684   $  1.01  
         Granted   7,250,000     0.15     6,748,100     0.20  
         Retirement of convertible                        
         debentures   2,287,414     US$0.30     -     -  
         Cancelled   (1,669,633 )   2.86     (5,173,059 )   1.28  
         Exercised   -     -     (101,000 )   0.20  
                           
  Outstanding, December 31, 2009   27,795,135     1.66     9,534,725     0.24  
         Granted   5,661,350     0.19     6,300,000     0.14  
         Cancelled   (2,364,000 )   0.60     (3,040,975 )   0.27  
         Exercised   (7,300,000 )   0.15     (1,320,000 )   0.17  
                           
  Outstanding, December 31, 2010   23,792,485     1.82     11,473,750     0.18  
                           
  Number currently exercisable   23,792,485   $  1.82     9,261,875   $  0.19  

Pursuant to the spin-out, the exercise prices of the warrants were adjusted downward by 20%. The exercise prices of the warrants shown in the above table are the adjusted prices. As at December 31, 2010, incentive stock options were outstanding as follows:

                     
      Number of     Exercise        
      options     Price     Expiry Date  
                     
                     
  Options   432,500   $  0.200     July 26, 2012  
      5,000     1.000     July 26, 2012  
      155,000     0.200     October 4, 2012  
      15,000     1.000     October 4, 2012  
      202,500     0.200     February 25, 2013  
      100,000     2.000     February 25, 2013  
      100,000     0.200     March 4, 2013  
      165,000     0.200     May 13, 2013  
      5,000     2.150     May 13, 2013  
      50,000     0.200     June 2, 2013  
      30,000     0.200     August 20, 2013  
      775,000     0.200     October 31, 2013  
      1,052,500     0.300     January 23, 2014  
      50,000     0.300     February 26, 2014  
      1,875,000     0.160     June 16, 2014  
      225,000     0.120     August 27, 2014  
      50,000     0.160     December 14, 2014  
      200,000     0.105     December 16, 2014  
      1,186,250     0.250     January 4, 2015  
      4,800,000     0.100     November 5, 2015  
                     
      11,473,750              

F-16



EMC Metals Corp.
(An Exploration Stage Company)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2010
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars)
 

14.

CAPITAL STOCK AND ADDITIONAL PAID IN CAPITAL (Cont’d…)

Stock Options and Warrants (Cont’d…)

As at December 31, 2010, share purchase warrants were outstanding as follows:

                   
    Number of     Exercise        
    warrants     Price     Expiry Date  
                   
Warrants   1,737,374     US$0.30     March 4, 2011*  
    500,039     US$0.30     March 4, 2011*  
    15,893,721     2.68     August 15, 2011  
    1,137,500     0.25     February 17, 2011  
    1,473,851     0.18     June 30, 2011  
    3,050,000     0.18     November 25, 2011  
                   
    23,792,485              

* Expired subsequent to year-end.

Stock-based compensation

During fiscal 2010, the Company recognized stock-based compensation of $795,268 (2009 - $1,815,851) in the statement of operations as a result of shares for services and incentive stock options granted and vested. The weighted average fair value of the options granted was $0.12 (2009 - $0.20) per share.

The fair value of all compensatory options and warrants granted is estimated on grant date using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The weighted average assumptions used in calculating the fair values are as follows:

    2010     2009  
             
Risk-free interest rate   2.75%     1.82%  
Expected life   3 years     3 years  
Volatility   123.93%     87.01%  
Forfeiture rate   0.00%     0.00%  
Dividend rate   0.00%     0.00%  

15.

TREASURY STOCK AND WARRANTS


               
      Number     Amount  
  Treasury shares   1,033,333   $  1,343,333  
  Treasury warrants   1,550,000     744,000  
      2,583,333   $  2,087,333  

Treasury shares and warrants comprise shares and warrants of the Company which cannot be sold without the prior approval of the TSX. The warrants expire August 15, 2011.

16.

SEGMENTED INFORMATION

   

The Company’s mineral properties are located in Canada, Australia, and the United States and its capital assets’ geographic information is as follows:


  December 31, 2010   Australia     Canada     United States     Total  
                           
  Property, plant and equipment                        
                                                                                              -   $  61,935   $  34,227,938   $  34,289,873  
  Mineral properties $  300,000     -     203,020     503,020  
                           
                                                                                          $  300,000   $  61,935   $  34,430,958   $  34,792,893  

F-17



EMC Metals Corp.
(An Exploration Stage Company)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2010
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars)
 

16.

SEGMENTED INFORMATION (Cont’d…)


  December 31, 2009   Australia     Canada     United States     Total  
                           
  Property, plant and equipment                        
                                                                                            $           -   $  123,344   $  34,707,179   $  34,830,523  
  Mineral properties   -     -     1,546,193     1,546,193  
                           
                                                                                          $           -   $  123,344   $  36,253,372   $  36,376,716  

17. SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE WITH RESPECT TO CASH FLOWS

               
      2010     2009  
  Cash paid during the year for interest $  301,244   $  125,781  
  Cash paid during the year for income taxes $  -   $  -  

Significant non cash transactions for the year ended December 31, 2010 included:

  a)

Transferred a net value of $103,134 of property, plant, and equipment to GPD for a reduction in accounts payable.

     
  b)

Transferred marketable securities with a value of $131,749 to GPD for a reduction in due to related parties.

     
  c)

The Company sold its subsidiary, Great American Minerals Inc. for $225,000 to GPD for an increase in due to related parties.

     
  d)

A revaluation of warrants with a fair value of $198,659 from GPD for a reduction in due to related parties.

Significant non cash transactions for the year ended December 31, 2009 included:

  a)

Issued 2,765,643 common shares for various mineral properties with a value of $367,695.

     
  b)

Issued 7,336,874 common shares valued at $2,934,752 and granted 1,787,374 share purchase warrants valued at $49,153 for the retirement of Convertible Debentures and related agent fees.

     
  c)

Transferred $212,675 in loans receivable to GPD through due to related party.


18.

SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

   

Subsequent to December 31, 2010, the Company:


  a)

Issued 300,000 stock options with an exercise price of $0.39 exercisable until January 18, 2013 to the employees of the Company.

     
  b)

1,075,000 warrants were exercised for gross proceeds of $267,625.

     
  c)

250,000 stock options were exercised for gross proceeds of $43,000.

     
  d)

Entered into an earn-in agreement with REE Mining AS (“REE”), whereby the Company has an option to earn up to a 100% interest in the Tardal and Evje properties. To earn its interest, the Company must pay REE $630,000, including an initial cash payment of US$130,000 (paid) and issue 1,000,000 common shares.

     
 

The Company is also required to incur US$250,000 of exploration work to be completed over 18 months from the date of closing in order to acquire its interest.

     
  e)

Issued 500,000 stock options with an exercise price of $0.25 exercisable until May 16, 2016.

F-18



(An Exploration Stage Company)

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

QUARTER ENDED MARCH 31, 2011

F-19



EMC Metals Corp.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars)
(An Exploration Stage Company)
(Unaudited)

             
    March 31, 2011     December 31, 2010  
             
             
ASSETS            
             
Current            
   Cash $  3,985,358   $  4,126,424  
   Investments in trading securities, at fair value (Note 4)   2,250     2,250  
   Receivables (net of allowance of $Nil (2010 - $Nil))   11,118     41,212  
   Subscription receivable   -     210,249  
   Prepaid expenses and deposits   264,279     91,870  
             
Total Current Assets   4,263,005     4,472,005  
             
Property, plant and equipment (Note 5)   34,221,783     34,289,873  
Mineral interests (Note 6)   503,020     503,020  
             
Total Assets $  38,987,808   $  39,264,898  
             
             
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY            
             
Current            
   Accounts payable and accrued liabilities $  451,615   $  412,849  
   Derivative liability (Note 8)   -     228,741  
   Current portion of promissory notes payable (Note 9)   486,115     500,000  
             
Total Current Liabilities   937,730     1,141,590  
             
Promissory notes payable (Note 9)   3,645,863     3,750,000  
             
Total Liabilities   4,583,593     4,891,590  
             
             
Stockholders’ Equity            
   Capital stock (Note 10) (Authorized: Unlimited number of shares; Issued and
   outstanding: 150,384,412 (2010 – 149,059,412))
 
88,458,320
   
88,138,487
 
   Treasury stock (Note 11)   (2,087,333 )   (2,087,333 )
   Additional paid in capital (Note 10)   2,061,869     2,003,345  
   Deficit accumulated during the exploration stage   (54,028,641 )   (53,681,191 )
             
Total Shareholders’ Equity   34,404,215     34,373,308  
             
Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity $  38,987,808   $  39,264,898  

Nature and continuance of operations (Note 1)
Subsequent events (Note 14)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

F-20



EMC Metals Corp.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars)
(An Exploration Stage Company)
(Unaudited)

                   
    Cumulative amounts              
    from incorporation              
    on July 17, 2006 to     Quarter ended     Quarter ended  
    March 31, 2011     March 31, 2011     March 31, 2010  
                   
                   
EXPENSES                  
     Amortization $  2,044,903   $  88,638   $  126,705  
     Consulting   2,256,925     81,299     49,800  
     Exploration   12,409,199     63,491     21,251  
     General and administrative   6,684,571     37,200     103,933  
     Insurance   903,144     12,367     34,862  
     Professional fees   2,859,138     22,336     56,558  
     Research and development   3,474,068     -     -  
     Salaries and benefits   6,019,556     150,655     112,524  
     Stock-based compensation (Note 10)   5,188,508     67,732     161,964  
     Travel and entertainment   1,482,653     58,879     36,848  
                   
Loss before other items   (43,322,665 )   (582,597 )   (704,445 )
                   
                   
OTHER ITEMS                  
     Foreign exchange gain   660,814     77,646     193,605  
     Gain on transfer of marketable securities   206,974     -     -  
     Gain on settlement of convertible debentures   1,449,948     -     -  
     Gain on sale of marketable securities   1,836,011     -     -  
     Write-off of mineral interests   (18,091,761 )   -     -  
     Gain on insurance proceeds   972,761     -     -  
     Interest income (expense)   398,986     (71,240 )   (117,093 )
     Other income   502,965     -     -  
     Gain on disposition of assets   476,682     -     -  
     Change in fair value of derivative liability (Note 8)   485,358     228,741     (22,874 )
     Unrealized loss on marketable securities   (3,269,033 )   -     (67,249 )
                   
    (14,370,295 )   235,147     (13,611 )
                   
Loss before income taxes   (57,692,960 )   (347,450 )   (718,056 )
                   
Deferred income tax recovery   6,522,138     -     -  
                   
Loss and comprehensive loss for the period $  (51,170,822 ) $  (347,450 ) $  (718,056 )
                   
Basic and diluted loss per common share       $  (0.00 ) $  (0.01 )
                   
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding       149,863,023     113,367,664  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

F-21



EMC Metals Corp.
(An Exploration Stage Company)
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars)
(Unaudited)

                   
    Cumulative amounts              
    from incorporation              
    on July 17, 2006 to     Quarter ended     Quarter ended  
    March 31, 2011     March 31, 2011     March 31, 2010  
                   
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES                  
     Loss for the period $  (51,170,822 ) $  (347,450 ) $  (695,182 )
     Items not affecting cash:                  
             Amortization   2,044,903     88,638     126,705  
             Research and development   3,474,068     -     -  
             Consulting paid with common shares   10,711     -     -  
             Gain on disposal of assets   (476,682 )   -     -  
             Convertible debenture costs   (1,312,878 )   -     -  
             Unrealized foreign exchange   596,840     (118,022 )   (23,545 )
             Stock-based compensation   5,188,508     67,732     161,964  
             Unrealized loss on marketable securities   3,269,033     -     67,249  
             Realized gain on marketable securities   (1,836,011 )   -     -  
             Write-off of mineral properties   18,091,761     -     -  
             Realized gain on transfer of marketable securities   (206,974 )   -     -  
             Change in fair value of derivative liability   (485,358 )   (228,741 )      
             Future income tax recovery   (6,522,138 )   -     -  
                   
    (29,335,039 )   (537,843 )   (362,809 )
                   
     Changes in non-cash working capital items:                  
             Decrease (increase) in receivables   35,379     30,094     (10,757 )
             (Increase) decrease in prepaid expenses   (247,035 )   (172,409 )   68,917  
             Proceeds from sale of marketable securities, net   (4,135,798 )   -     -  
             Increase (decrease) in accounts payable and accrued liabilities   (809,627 )   38,766     (812,077 )
             Increase in due to related parties   1,163,028     -     37,652  
             Asset retirement obligations   (1,065,891 )   -     -  
                   
    (34,394,983 )   (641,392 )   (1,079,074 )
                   
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES                  
             Cash acquired from subsidiary   4,857,012     -     -  
             Cash paid for Subsidiary   (11,359,511 )   -     -  
             Spin-out of Golden Predator Corp.   (76,388 )   -     -  
             Reclamation bonds   795,785     -     -  
             Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment   660,336     -     -  
             Purchase of property, plant and equipment   (21,235,661 )   (20,548 )   -  
             Additions to unproven mineral interests   (2,991,515 )   -     -  
                   
    (29,349,942 )   (20,548 )   -  
                   
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES                  
             Common shares issued   55,521,421     210,249     455,000  
             Share issuance costs   (1,277,713 )   -     -  
             Special warrants   13,000,000     -     -  
             Options exercised   384,900     43,000     52,800  
             Warrants exercised   11,111,875     267,625     346,875  
             Notes payable   (9,966,000 )   -     -  
             Payment of promissory note   (1,260,700 )   -     -  
             Advances from related party   216,500     -     -  
             Loans advanced to Midway   (2,000,000 )   -     -  
             Loan repayment from Midway   2,000,000     -     -  
                   
    67,730,283     520,874     854,675  
                   
Change in cash during the period   3,985,358     (141,066 )   (224,399 )
                   
Cash, beginning of period   -     4,126,424     584,436  
                   
Cash, end of period $  3,985,358   $  3,985,358   $  360,037  

Supplemental disclosure with respect to cash flows (Note 12)

F-22



EMC Metals Corp.
(An Exploration Stage Company)
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars)
(Unaudited)

                               
    Capital Stock                 Deficit        
                            Accumulated        
                Additional           During the        
    Number of           Paid in     Treasury     Exploration        
    Shares     Amount     Capital     Stock     Stage     Total  
        $     $     $     $     $    
Balance, July 17, 2006   -     -     -     -     -     -  
Private placements   5,000,000     3,500,000     -     -     -     3,500,000  
Excess of exchange amount over carrying amount of Springer Mining Company   -     -     -     -     (2,857,819 )   (2,857,819 )
Loss for the year   -     -     -     -     (357,670 )   (357,670 )
Balance, December 31, 2006   5,000,000     3,500,000     -     -     (3,215,489 )   284,511  
Private placements   17,577,500     35,155,000     -     -     -     35,155,000  
Conversion of special warrants   5,390,000     5,390,000     -     -     -     5,390,000  
Exercise of warrants   50,000     75,000     -     -     -     75,000  
Share issuance costs – broker’s fees   -     (1,215,074 )   99,000     -     -     (1,116,074 )
Share issuance costs – shares issued   100,000     100,000     -     -     -     100,000  
Shares issued for mineral properties   100,000     100,000     -     -     -     100,000  
Stock-based compensation   40,000     40,000     489,562     -     -     529,562  
Loss for the year   -     -     -     -     (6,128,912 )   (6,128,912 )
Balance, December 31, 2007   28,257,500     43,144,926     588,562     -     (9,344,401 )   34,389,087  
Private placements   5,322,500     10,645,000     -     -     -     10,645,000  
Conversion of special warrants   7,610,000     7,610,000     -     -     -     7,610,000  
Share issuance costs – broker’s fees   -     (261,638 )   -     -     -     (261,638 )
Shares issued for mineral properties   110,000     210,000     -     -     -     210,000  
Acquisition of Gold Standard Royalty Corp.   2,050,000     4,100,000     143,017     -     -     4,243,017  
Acquisition of Great American Minerals Inc.   1,045,775     2,091,550     426,672     -     -     2,518,222  
Acquisition of Fury Explorations Ltd.   10,595,814     13,774,558     7,787,783     (2,087,333 )   -     19,475,008  
Exercise of stock options   6,637,224     10,027,915     (184,265 )   -     -     9,843,650  
Shares issued for repayment of promissory note   4,728,000     2,364,000     -     -     -     2,364,000  
Stock-based compensation   -     -     2,324,458     -     -     2,324,458  
Loss for the year   -     -     -     -     (17,968,454 )   (17,968,454 )
Balance, December 31, 2008   66,356,813     93,706,311     11,086,227     (2,087,333 )   (27,312,855 )   75,392,350  
Private placements   14,500,000     1,190,000     -     -     -     1,190,000  
Exercise of stock options   101,000     126,186     (105,986 )   -     -     20,200  
Shares issued for mineral properties   2,765,643     367,695     -     -     -     367,695  
Settlement of convertible debentures   7,336,874     2,934,752     62,903     -     -     2,997,655  
Shares issued for consulting   87,254     10,711     -     -     -     10,711  
Shares issued for acquisition of TTS   19,037,386     2,094,112     -     -     -     2,094,112  
Stock-based compensation before spin-out   -     -     836,240     -     -     836,240  
Spin-out of GPD   -     (18,540,194 )   (11,879,384 )   -     -     (30,419,578 )
Stock-based compensation after spin-out   -     -     979,611     -     -     979,611  
Loss for the year   -     -     -     -     (21,645,581 )   (21,645,581 )
Balance, December 31, 2009   110,186,970     81,889,573     979,611     (2,087,333 )   (48,958,436 )   31,823,415  
Private placements   30,252,442     4,700,312     454,768     -     -     5,155,080  
Exercise of stock options   1,320,000     456,602     (226,302 )   -     -     230,300  
Exercise of warrants   7,300,000     1,092,000     -     -     -     1,092,000  
Stock-based compensation   -     -     795,268     -     -     795,268  
Loss for the year   -     -     -     -     (4,722,755 )   (4,722,755 )
Balance, December 31, 2010   149,059,412     88,138,487     2,003,345     (2,087,333 )   (53,681,191 )   34,373,308  
Exercise of stock options   250,000     52,208     (9,208 )   -     -     43,000  
Exercise of warrants   1,075,000     267,625     -     -     -     267,625  
Stock-based compensation   -     -     67,732     -     -     67,732  
Loss for the year   -     -     -     -     (347,450 )   (347,450 )
                                     
Balance, March 31, 2011   150,384,412     88,458,320     2,061,869     (2,087,333 )   (54,028,641 )   34,404,215  

F-23



EMC Metals Corp.
(An Exploration Stage Company)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2011
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars)
(Unaudited)

1.

NATURE AND CONTINUANCE OF OPERATIONS

   

EMC Metals Corp. (the “Company”) is incorporated under the laws of the Province of British Columbia. The Company is focused on specialty metals exploration and production and has recently acquired various metallurgical technologies and licenses that it is utilizing to gain access to a number of specialty metals opportunities.

   

The Company’s principal properties are located in the state of Nevada, with additional properties located in the province of Ontario and in Australia. The Company’s principal asset, the Springer Tungsten mill, is currently on care and maintenance pending a sustained improvement in tungsten prices. To March 31, 2011, the Company has not commenced production and has generated no revenue. The Company’s remaining properties are in the exploration or pre-exploration stage. As such, the Company is in the exploration stage and anticipates incurring significant expenditures prior to commencement of contract milling operations.

   

These consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis that contemplates the realization of assets and discharge of liabilities at their carrying values in the normal course of business for the foreseeable future. These financial statements do not reflect any adjustments that may be necessary if the Company is unable to continue as a going concern.

   

The Company currently earns no operating revenues and will require additional capital in order to refit its Springer tungsten mill and earn its 50% interest in the Nyngan property. The Company’s ability to continue as a going concern is uncertain and is dependent upon the generation of profits from mineral properties, obtaining additional financing or maintaining continued support from its shareholders and creditors. The Company is currently working on securing additional financing to meet its needs; however there is no guarantee that these efforts will be successful. In the event that additional financial support is not received or operating profits are not generated, the carrying values of the Company’s assets may be adversely affected. The inability to raise additional financing may affect the future assessment of the Company as a going concern.

   
2.

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

   

The accompanying unaudited interim financial statements have been prepared by the Company in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”) applicable to interim financial information and with the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission. Accordingly, certain information and note disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles have been condensed, or omitted, pursuant to such rules and regulations. In the opinion of management the unaudited interim financial statements include all adjustments necessary for the fair presentation of the results of the interim periods presented. All adjustments are of a normal recurring nature, except as otherwise noted below. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2010. The results of operations for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations for any other interim period or for a full fiscal year.

   

Fair value of financial assets and liabilities

   

The Company measures the fair value of financial assets and liabilities based on US GAAP guidance which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements.

   

The Company classifies financial assets and liabilities as held-for-trading, available-for-sale, held-to-maturity, loans and receivables or other financial liabilities depending on their nature. Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognized at fair value on their initial recognition, except for those arising from certain related party transactions which are accounted for at the transferor’s carrying amount or exchange amount.

   

Financial assets and liabilities classified as held-for-trading are measured at fair value, with gains and losses recognized in net income. Financial assets classified as held-to-maturity, loans and receivables, and financial liabilities other than those classified as held-for-trading are measured at amortized cost, using the effective interest method of amortization. Financial assets classified as available-for-sale are measured at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses being recognized as other comprehensive income until realized, or if an unrealized loss is considered other than temporary, the unrealized loss is recorded in income.

   

Financial instruments, including receivables, subscriptions receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, due to related parties, and promissory notes payable are carried at cost, which management believes approximates fair value due to the short term nature of these instruments. Investments in trading securities are classified as held for trading, with unrealized gains and losses being recognized in income.

   

The following table presents information about the assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2011, and indicates the fair value hierarchy of the valuation techniques the Company utilized to determine such fair value. In general, fair values determined by Level 1 inputs utilize quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets. Fair values determined by Level 2 inputs utilize data points that are observable such as quoted prices, interest rates and yield curves. Fair values determined by Level 3 inputs are unobservable data points for the asset or liability, and included situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the asset:

F-24



EMC Metals Corp.
(An Exploration Stage Company)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2011
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars)
(Unaudited)

2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont’d…)

                           
                  Significant        
            Quoted Prices     Other     Significant  
            in Active     Observable     Unobservable  
      March 31,     Markets     Inputs     Inputs  
      2011     (Level 1)     (Level 2)   (Level 3)
  Assets:                        
  Cash $  3,985,358   $  3,985,358   $  —   $  —  
  Investments in trading securities $  2,250   $  2,250   $  —   $  —  
           Total $  3,987,608   $  3,987,608   $  —   $  —  

The fair values of cash and investments in trading securities are determined through market, observable and corroborated sources.

3.

RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

   

In April 2010, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2010-13, Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718), amending ASC 718. ASU 2010-13 clarifies that a stock-based payment award with an exercise price denominated in the currency of a market in which the entity’s equity securities trade should not be classified as a liability if it otherwise qualifies as equity. ASU 2010-13 is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2010 (January 1, 2011 for the Company). The Company is currently evaluating the impact of ASU 2010-09, but does not expect its adoption to have a material impact on the Company’s financial reporting disclosures.

   

In December 2010, the FASB issued ASU 2010-29, which contains updated accounting guidance to clarify the acquisition date that should be used for reporting pro forma financial information when comparative financial statements are issued. This update requires that a company should disclose revenue and earnings of the combined entity as though the business combination(s) that occurred during the current year had occurred as of the beginning of the comparable prior annual reporting period only. This update also requires disclosure of the nature and amount of material, nonrecurring pro forma adjustments. The provisions of this update, which are to be applied prospectively, are effective for business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2010, with early adoption permitted. The impact of this update on the Company’s consolidated financial statements will depend on the size and nature of future business combinations.

   
4.

INVESTMENTS IN TRADING SECURITIES

   

At March 31, 2011, the Company held investments classified as trading securities, which consisted of various equity securities. All trading securities are carried at fair value. As of March 31, 2011, the fair value of trading securities was $2,250 (2010 – $2,250).

   
5.

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT


                                 
      March 31, 2011     December 31, 2010  
                                       
            Accumulated     Net Book           Accumulated     Net Book  
      Cost      Amortization      Value     Cost     Amortization     Value  
                                       
                                       
  Land and water rights $  7,972,291   $  -   $  7,972,291   $  7,972,291   $  -   $  7,972,291  
  Plant and equipment   25,623,032     -     25,623,032     25,618,528     -     25,618,528  
  Cosgrave plant and equipment   375,763     246,943     128,820     375,763     228,155     147,608  
  Building   222,685     38,087     184,598     222,685     35,304     187,381  
  Automobiles   188,586     173,081     15,505     172,542     172,542     -  
  Computer equipment   364,697     362,408     2,289     364,697     357,985     6,712  
  Small tools and equipment   963,537     728,659     234,878     963,537     680,482     283,055  
  Office equipment   278,561     218,191     60,370     278,561     204,263     74,298  
  Leasehold improvements   13,083     13,083     -     13,083     13,083     -  
                                       
    $  36,002,235     1,780,452     34,221,783   $  35,981,687   $  1,691,814   $  34,289,873  

Land and water rights are in respect of the Cosgrave property in Pershing County, Nevada. The plant and equipment is comprised of the Springer Plant and Mill in Nevada which is currently under care and maintenance.

F-25



EMC Metals Corp.
(An Exploration Stage Company)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2011
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars)
(Unaudited)

6. MINERAL INTERESTS

                     
  March 31, 2011   Other     Tungsten     Total  
                     
        Acquisition costs                  
               Balance, December 31, 2010 $  -   $  203,020   $  203,020  
                     Additions   300,000     -     300,000  
                Balance, March 31, 2011 $  300,000   $  203,020   $  503,020  

                           
  December 31, 2010   Other     Gold     Tungsten     Total  
                           
                           
       Acquisition costs                        
                           
               Balance, December 31, 2009 $  -   $  1,343,173   $  203,020   $  1,546,193  
                     Additions   300,000     -     -     300,000  
                     Written-off   -     (1,138,432 )   -     (1,138,432 )
                     Sold   -     (204,741 )   -     (204,741 )
                           
                Balance, December 31, 2010 $  300,000   $  -   $  203,020   $  503,020  

Title to mineral property interests involves certain inherent risks due to the difficulties of determining the validity of certain claims as well as the potential for problems arising from the frequently ambiguous conveyancing history characteristic of many mineral property interests. The Company has investigated title to all of its mineral property interests and, to the best of its knowledge, title to all of its properties is in good standing.

Impairment of mineral properties

During the year ended December 31, 2010, the Company has reviewed the carrying value of its mineral properties for impairment and compared the carrying value to the future cash flows in the case of its tungsten properties, and fair market value in respect of its remaining properties, and has written down its gold properties by $1,138,432. The Company sold these properties during the year.

TUNGSTEN PROPERTY

Springer Property

On November 21, 2006, the Company acquired all outstanding and issued shares of Springer Mining Company (“Springer”). Included in the assets of Springer and allocated to property, plant and equipment (Note 5) are the Springer Mine and Mill located in Pershing County, Nevada.

SCANDIUM PROPERTY

Nyngan, New South Wales Property

On February 5, 2010, the Company entered in to an agreement with Jervois Mining Limited (“Jervois”) whereby it would acquire a 50% interest in certain properties located in New South Wales, Australia. In order for the Company to earn its interest which is subject to a 2% NSR, the Company paid the sum of $300,000 into escrow, that was released to Jervois upon satisfaction of certain conditions precedent, including verification of title to the Nyngan property and approval of the Toronto Stock Exchange, and must:

F-26



EMC Metals Corp.
(An Exploration Stage Company)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2011
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars)
(Unaudited)

6.

MINERAL INTERESTS (Cont’d…)

     

SCANDIUM PROPERTY (Cont’d…)

     

Nyngan, New South Wales Property (Cont’d…)

     
a)

Incur exploration and metallurgical work of A$500,000 (CAD$466,000) within 180 business days of the conditions precedent being satisfied, or pay cash in lieu thereof. On September 29, 2010 the Company received a six month extension to complete its exploration commitment. In the event that the Company wishes to continue the joint venture, the Company must deliver a feasibility study within 480 (Extended to February 28, 2012) business days of the conditions precedent being satisfied, failing which the Agreement will terminate.

     
b)

Upon delivering the feasibility study to Jervois, pay to Jervois an additional A$1,300,000 plus GST at which time it will be granted a 50% interest in the joint venture. The JV Agreement provides for straight-line dilution, with interests diluted below 10% being converted into a 2% NSR.

     
7.

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

     

Related party transactions not disclosed elsewhere are summarized as follows:

     

During the quarter ended March 31, 2011, the Company paid or accrued consulting fees of $Nil (2010 - $46,175) to the former CEO of the Company and paid or accrued consulting fees of $50,261 (2010 - $Nil) to the current CEO and president of the Company.

     

The above transactions occurred in the normal course of operations and were measured at the exchange amount, which is the amount of consideration established and agreed to by the related parties. Amounts payable to related parties have no specific terms of repayment, are unsecured, and have no interest rate.

     
8.

DERIVATIVE LIABILITY

     

The Company evaluated the application of SFAS 133 and EITF 00-19 for the settlement of convertible debentures through the issuance of shares and warrants. Based on the guidance in SFAS 133 and EITF 00-19, the Company concluded that the warrants were required to be accounted for as derivates. The warrants issued pursuant to the settlement were in a functional currency different than that of the Company and therefore met the attributes of a liability. The Company is required to record the fair value of these warrants on its balance sheet at fair value with changes in the values of these derivatives reflected in the statement of operations.

     

The Company uses the Black-Scholes valuation model for calculation of the fair value of derivative liabilities. The Company uses volatility rates based upon the closing stock price of its common stock. The Company uses a risk-free interest rate which is the bank of Canada rate with a maturity that approximates the estimated expected life of a derivative. The Company uses the closing market price of the common stock on the date of issuance of a derivative or at the end of a quarter when a derivative is valued at fair value. The volatility was 100%, the risk-free interest rate was 1%, a dividend rate of 0%, and the expected life was 0.17 and 1.17 years respectively, during the years ending December 31, 2010 and 2009.

     

During the quarter ended March 31, 2011, the warrants expired and the derivative liability was valued at $Nil resulting in a change in fair value of $228,741 realized through the statement of operations.

F-27



EMC Metals Corp.
(An Exploration Stage Company)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2011
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars)
(Unaudited)

9. PROMISSORY NOTES PAYABLE

                 
        2011     2010  
                 
 

Promissory note with a principal balance of US$500,000, bearing interest at prime per annum, maturing December 16, 2011 due to a director of the Company.

  $  486,115   $  500,000  
 

             
 

Promissory note with a principal balance of US$ 3,750,000, bearing interest at 6% per annum, maturing July 3, 2013 and secured by land and water rights.

         
 

             
 

During fiscal 2008 the Company entered into a promissory note for US$6,750,000 as consideration for the acquisition of land and water rights. The Company subsequently made principal payments of US$3,000,000 consisting of a cash payment of US$1,000,000 and 4,728,000 units of the Company valued at US$2,000,000. Each unit consisted of one common share and one-half share purchase warrant exercisable at CDN$0.75 each and exercisable for a period of two years.

    3,645,863     3,750,000  
                 
        4,131,978     4,250,000  
                 
  Less: current portion     (486,115 )   (500,000 )
                 
      $  3,645,863   $  3,750,000  

10.

CAPITAL STOCK AND ADDITIONAL PAID IN CAPITAL

   

On December 3, 2010, the Company issued 18,929,740 common shares at a value of $0.19 per common share for total proceeds of $3,596,651 of which $210,249 was recorded as subscription receivable as it was received subsequent to year-end.

   

On November 25, 2010, the Company issued 6,100,000 units at a value of $0.10 per unit for total proceeds of $610,000. Each unit consisted of one common share and one-half of one share purchase warrant exercisable at $0.18 expiring on November 25, 2011. The warrants have a calculated total fair value of $142,358 using the Black-Scholes pricing model with a volatility of 142.52%, risk- free rate of 1.73%, expected life of 1 year, and a dividend rate of 0%.

   

On June 30, 2010, the Company issued 2,947,702 units at a value of $0.10 per unit for total proceeds of $294,770. Each unit consisted of one common share and one-half of one share purchase warrant exercisable at $0.18 until June 30, 2011. The warrants have a calculated total fair value of $35,638 using the Black-Scholes pricing model with a volatility of 123.84%, risk-free rate of 1.39%, expected life of 1 year, and a dividend rate of 0%.

   

On February 17, 2010, the Company issued 2,275,000 units at a value of $0.20 per unit for total proceeds of $455,000. Each unit consisted of one common share and one-half of one share purchase warrant exercisable at $0.25 until February 17, 2011. The warrants have a with a calculated total fair value of $78,113 using the Black-Scholes pricing model with a volatility of 131.19%, risk- free rate of 1.34%, expected life of 1 year, and a dividend rate of 0%. All of the warrants were exercised subsequent to year-end.

   

On November 17, 2009, the Company issued 13,000,000 units at a value of $0.08 per unit for total proceeds of $1,040,000. Each unit consisted of one common share and one-half of one share purchase warrant. Each full warrant entitles the holder to purchase an additional share at $0.15 per share until November 17, 2010.

   

On October 13, 2009, the Company issued 500,000 common shares at a value of $45,000 for the Fostung Tungsten project.

   

On August 27, 2009, the Company issued 1,500,000 units at a value of $0.10 per unit, pursuant to a non-brokered private placement for proceeds of $150,000. Each unit consisted of one common share and one-half of one share purchase warrant. Each full warrant entitles the holder to purchase an additional share at $0.15 per share until August 27, 2010.

   

On May 13, 2009, the Company issued 89,254 common shares at a value of $0.12 per share to a consultant for settlement of consulting fees for Fury Explorations Ltd. (“Fury”), a subsidiary of GPD, under the plan of Arrangement of spin-out.

   

On April 21, 2009, the Company issued 51,859 common shares at a value of $0.10 per share for the Platte River property.

   

On January 21, 2009, the Company issued 66,784 common shares at a value of $0.20 per share for the Guijoso property for Fury. On January 6, 2009, the Company issued 2,147,000 common shares at a value of US$250,000 for the Adelaide and Tuscarora projects for Golden Predator Mines US Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company prior to the spin-out.

   

On November 17, 2008, the Company issued 76,274 common shares in connection with the acquisition of the subsidiary, Great American Minerals Inc.

F-28



EMC Metals Corp.
(An Exploration Stage Company)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2011
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars)
(Unaudited)

10.

CAPITAL STOCK AND ADDITIONAL PAID IN CAPITAL (Cont’d…)

On October 18, 2008, the Company issued 4,728,000 units to Cosgrave for repayment of a promissory note at a value of US$2,000,000. Each unit consists of one common share of the Company and one-half of one common share purchase warrant with a two year life and exercisable at $0.75.

In July 2008, the Company completed a private placement consisting of 2,500,000 common shares at $2.00 per share for proceeds of $5,000,000. In connection with this private placement the Company paid a finder’s fee of $250,000.

In January 2008, the Company completed a private placement consisting of 2,822,500 units at $2.00 per unit for gross proceeds of $5,645,000. Included in the proceeds was $3,620,000 received in advance as of December 31, 2007. Each unit consisted of one common share and one half of one share purchase warrant. Each whole warrant entitles the holder to acquire one additional common share at $3.00 for a period of 12 months.

In November 2007, the Company completed private placements consisting of 17,577,500 units at $2.00 per unit for proceeds of $35,155,000. Each unit consisted of one common share and one half of one common share purchase warrant. Each whole warrant entitles the holder to acquire one additional common share at $3.00 for a period of 12 months following the closing of the placement.

In December 2007, the Company issued 5,390,000 common shares pursuant to the conversion of special warrants. The Company paid $1,016,074 and issued 100,000 common share valued at $100,000 as issuance costs and finder’s fees. The Company also granted warrants to acquire 300,000 common shares exercisable at $1.50 expiring September 22, 2008. The warrants were valued at $99,000 with the Black-Scholes option pricing model using an expected volatility of 115%, life of one year, a risk free interest rate of 4% and a dividend yield of 0%.

In December 2006, the company issued 5,000,000 common shares at $0.70 per common share for gross proceeds of $3,500,000.

Stock Options and Warrants

The Company established a stock option plan (the “Plan”) under which it is authorized to grant options to executive officers and directors, employees and consultants and the number of options granted under the Plan shall not exceed 15% of the shares outstanding. Under the Plan, the exercise period of the options may not exceed five years from the date of grant and vesting is determined by the Board of Directors.

Stock option and share purchase warrant transactions are summarized as follows:

                     
      Warrants     Stock Options  
                           
            Weighted average           Weighted average  
      Number     exercise price     Number     exercise price  
                           
                           
  Outstanding, December 31, 2009   27,795,135     1.66     9,534,725     0.24  
         Granted   5,661,350     0.19     6,300,000     0.14  
         Cancelled   (2,364,000 )   0.60     (3,040,975 )   0.27  
         Exercised   (7,300,000 )   0.15     (1,320,000 )   0.17  
                           
  Outstanding, December 31, 2010   23,792,485     1.82     11,473,750     0.18  
         Granted   -     -     300,000     0.39  
         Cancelled   (2,324,913 )   0.30     (15,000 )   0.25  
         Exercised   (1,075,000 )   0.25     (250,000 )   0.17  
                           
  Outstanding, March 31, 2011   20,392,572     2.13     11,508,750     0.19  
                           
  Number currently exercisable   20,392,572     2.13     9,653,438     0.20  

F-29



EMC Metals Corp.
(An Exploration Stage Company)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2011
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars)
(Unaudited)

10.

CAPITAL STOCK AND ADDITIONAL PAID IN CAPITAL (Cont’d…) Stock Options and Warrants (Cont’d…)

   

As at March 31, 2011, incentive stock options were outstanding as follows:


                     
      Number of     Exercise        
      options     Price     Expiry Date  
                     
                     
  Options   357,500   $  0.200     July 26, 2012  
      5,000     1.000     July 26, 2012  
      155,000     0.200     October 4, 2012  
      15,000     1.000     October 4, 2012  
      202,500     0.200     February 25, 2013  
      100,000     2.000     February 25, 2013  
      100,000     0.200     March 4, 2013  
      165,000     0.200     May 13, 2013  
      5,000     2.150     May 13, 2013  
      50,000     0.200     June 2, 2013  
      30,000     0.200     August 20, 2013  
      775,000     0.200     October 31, 2013  
      1,052,500     0.300     January 23, 2014  
      50,000     0.300     February 26, 2014  
      1,700,000     0.160     June 16, 2014  
      225,000     0.120     August 27, 2014  
      50,000     0.160     December 14, 2014  
      200,000     0.105     December 16, 2014  
      1,171,250     0.250     January 4, 2015  
      4,800,000     0.100     November 5, 2015  
      300,000     0.390     January 18, 2013  
                     
      11,508,750              

As at March 31, 2011, share purchase warrants were outstanding as follows:

                   
      Number of   Exercise        
      warrants   Price     Expiry Date  
                   
      15,893,721   2.68     August 15, 2011  
      1,473,851   0.18     June 30, 2011  
      3,025,000   0.18     November 25, 2011  
                   
      20,392,572            

Stock-based compensation

During the quarter ended March 31, 2011, the Company recognized stock-based compensation of $67,732 (2010 - $161,964) in the statement of operations as a result of shares for services and incentive stock options granted and vested. The weighted average fair value of the options granted was $0.23 (2010 - $0.11) per share.

The fair value of all compensatory options and warrants granted is estimated on grant date using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The weighted average assumptions used in calculating the fair values are as follows:

    2011     2010  
             
Risk-free interest rate   2.75%     2.75%  
Expected life   2 years     5 years  
Volatility   113.47%     126.32%  
Forfeiture rate   0.00%     0.00%  
Dividend rate   0.00%     0.00%  

F-30



EMC Metals Corp.
(An Exploration Stage Company)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2011
(Expressed in Canadian Dollars)
(Unaudited)

11. TREASURY STOCK AND WARRANTS

               
      Number     Amount  
  Treasury shares   1,033,333   $  1,343,333  
  Treasury warrants   1,550,000     744,000  
      2,583,333   $  2,087,333  

Treasury shares and warrants comprise shares and warrants of the Company which cannot be sold without the prior approval of the TSX. The warrants expire August 15, 2011.

12.

SEGMENTED INFORMATION

   

The Company’s mineral properties are located in Canada, Australia, and the United States and its capital assets’ geographic information is as follows:


  March 31, 2011   Australia     Canada     United States     Total  
  Property, plant and equipment $  -   $  49,532   $  34,172,251   $  34,221,783  
  Mineral properties   300,000     -     203,020     503,020  
    $  300,000   $  49,532   $  34,375,271   $  34,724,803  

  December 31, 2010   Australia     Canada     United States     Total  
  Property, plant and equipment $  -   $  61,935   $  34,227,938   $  34,289, 873  
  Mineral properties   300,000     -     203,020     503,020  
    $  300,000   $  61,935   $  34,340,958   $  34,792,893  

13. SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE WITH RESPECT TO CASH FLOWS

               
      2011     2010  
  Cash paid during the year for interest $  14,990   $  117,093  
  Cash paid during the year for income taxes $  -   $  -  

No significant non cash transactions for the quarter ended March 31, 2011.

Significant non cash transactions for the quarter ended March 31, 2010 included transferring a net value of $103,134 of property, plant, and equipment to Golden Predator Corp. for a reduction in accounts payable.

14.

SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

   

Subsequent to March 31, 2011, the Company:


  a)

Entered into an earn-in agreement with REE Mining AS (“REE”), whereby the Company has an option to earn up to a 100% interest in the Tardal and Evje properties. To earn its interest, the Company must pay REE $630,000, including an initial cash payment of US$130,000 (paid) and issue 1,000,000 common shares.

     
 

The Company is also required to incur US$250,000 of exploration work to be completed over 18 months from the date of closing in order to acquire its interest.

     
  b)

Issued 120,000 stock options with an exercise price of $0.31 exercisable until April 27, 2013.

     
  c)

Issued 250,000 stock options with an exercise price of $0.315 exercisable until May 3, 2016.

     
  d)

Issued 500,000 stock options with an exercise price of $0.25 exercisable until May 16, 2016.

F-31


Exhibits

The following table sets out the exhibits filed herewith.

Exhibit Description
3.1

Certificate of Incorporation, Certificate of Name Change, Notice of Articles

3.2

Corporate Articles

10.1

2008 Stock Option Plan

10.2

Warrant Indenture dated August 15, 2008 between Golden Predator Mines Inc. and Olympia Trust Company

10.3

Stock Purchase Agreement dated November 19, 2009 between EMC Metals Corp., Willem P.C. Duyvesteyn, and Irene G. Duyvesteyn

10.4

Exploration Joint Venture Agreement dated February 5, 2010 between EMC Metals Corp. and Jervois Mining Limited

10.5

Services Agreement between EMC Metals Corp. and George Putnam dated May 1, 2010

10.6

Extension Agreement dated September 29, 2010 between EMC Metals Corp. and Jervois Mining Limited

10.7

Stock Purchase Agreement dated November 16, 2010 between EMC Metals Corp. and Golden Predator US Holding Corp.

10.8

Option Agreement dated April, 2011 between REE Mining AS and EMC Metals Corp.

21.1

List of Subsidiaries

52


SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

Dated: May 20, 2011

EMC METALS CORP.

By:   /s/ George Putnam                                                            
         George Putnam, President, CEO

53














Incorporation Number:
BC0763619

ARTICLES

OF

EMC METALS CORP.

1. INTERPRETATION
      1.1       Definitions
      1.2       Business Corporations Act and Interpretation Act        Definitions Applicable
2. SHARES AND SHARE CERTIFICATES
      2.1       Authorized Share Structure
      2.2       Form of Share Certificate
      2.3       Shareholder Entitled to Certificate or Acknowledgment
      2.4       Delivery by Mail
      2.5       Replacement of Worn Out or Defaced Certificate or Acknowledgement
      2.6       Replacement of Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Certificate or Acknowledgment
      2.7       Splitting Share Certificates
      2.8       Certificate Fee
      2.9       Recognition of Trusts
3. ISSUE OF SHARES
      3.1       Directors Authorized
      3.2       Commissions and Discounts
      3.3       Brokerage
      3.4       Conditions of Issue
      3.5       Share Purchase Warrants and Rights
4. SHARE REGISTERS
      4.1       Central Securities Register
      4.2       Closing Register
5. SHARE TRANSFERS
      5.1       Private Issuer Restrictions
      5.2       Registering Transfers where Certificate or Acknowledgement
      5.3       Registering Transfers where no Certificate or Acknowledgement 10 
      5.4       Form of Instrument of Transfer 10 
      5.5       Transferor Remains Shareholder 10 
      5.6       Signing of Instrument of Transfer 10 
      5.7       Enquiry as to Title Not Required 10 
      5.8       Transfer Agent 11 
      5.9       Transfer Fee 11 
6. TRANSMISSION OF SHARES 11 
      6.1       Legal Personal Representative Recognized on Death 11 
      6.2       Rights of Legal Personal Representative 11 
      6.3       Registration of Legal Personal Representative 11 

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7. PURCHASE AND REDEMPTION OF SHARES 11 
      7.1       Company Authorized to Purchase or Redeem Shares 11 
      7.2       Purchase When Insolvent 12 
      7.3       Sale and Voting of Purchased Shares 12 
8. BORROWING POWERS 12 
9. ALTERATIONS 13 
      9.1       Alteration of Authorized Share Structure 13 
      9.2       Special Rights and Restrictions 13 
      9.3       Change of Name 14 
      9.4       Other Alterations 14 
10. MEETINGS OF SHAREHOLDERS 14 
      10.1       Annual General Meetings 14 
      10.2       Consent Resolution Instead of Meeting of Shareholders 14 
      10.3       Calling of Meetings of Shareholders 14 
      10.4       Notice for Meetings of Shareholders 14 
      10.5       A Notice of Resolution to Which Shareholders May Dissent 15 
      10.6       Record Date for Notice 15 
      10.7       Record Date for Voting 15 
      10.8       Failure to Give Notice and Waiver of Notice 15 
      10.9       Notice of Special Business at Meetings of Shareholders 16 
      10.10       Location of Meetings of Shareholders 16 
11. PROCEEDINGS AT MEETINGS OF SHAREHOLDERS 16 
      11.1       Special Business 16 
      11.2       Majority Required for a Special Resolution 17 
      11.3       Quorum 17 
      11.4       Other Persons May Attend 17 
      11.5       Requirement of Quorum 17 
      11.6       Lack of Quorum 17 
      11.7       Lack of Quorum at Succeeding Meeting 17 
      11.8       Chair 17 
      11.9       Selection of Alternate Chair 18 
      11.10       Adjournments 18 
      11.11       Notice of Adjourned Meeting 18 
      11.12       Decisions by Show of Hands, Verbal Statements, or Poll 18 
      11.13       Declaration of Result 18 
      11.14       Motion Need Not be Seconded 18 
      11.15       Casting Vote 19 
      11.16       Manner of Taking Poll 19 
      11.17       Demand for Poll on Adjournment 19 
      11.18       Chair Must Resolve Dispute 19 
      11.19       Ca sting of Votes 19 
      11.20       No Demand for Poll on Election of Chair 19 
      11.21       Demand for Poll Not to Prevent Continuance of Meeting 19 
      11.22       Retention of Ballots and Proxies 19 
12. VOTES OF SHAREHOLDERS 20 
      12.1       Number of Votes by Shareholder or by Shares 20 
      12.2       Votes of Persons in Representative Capacity 20 

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      12.3       Votes by Joint Holders 20 
      12.4       Legal Personal Representatives as Joint Shareholders 20 
      12.5       Representative of a Corporate Shareholder 20 
      12.6       Proxy Provisions Do Not Apply to All Companies 21 
      12.7       Appointment of Proxy Holders 21 
      12.8       Alternate Proxy Holders 21 
      12.9       Proxy Holder Need Not Be Shareholder 21 
      12.10       Deposit of Proxy 21 
      12.11       Validity of Proxy Vote 22 
      12.12       Form of Proxy 22 
      12.13       Revocation of Proxy 22 
      12.14       Revocation of Proxy Must Be Signed 23 
      12.15       Production of Evidence of Authority to Vote 23 
13. DIRECTORS 23 
      13.1       First Directors; Number of Directors 23 
      13.2       Change in Number of Directors 23 
      13.3       Directors’ Acts Valid Despite Vacancy 24 
      13.4       Qualifications of Directors 24 
      13.5       Remuneration of Directors 24 
      13.6       Reimbursement of Expenses of Directors 24 
      13.7       Special Remuneration for Directors 24 
      13.8       Gratuity, Pension or Allowance on Retirement of Director 24 
14. ELECTION AND REMOVAL OF DIRECTORS 24 
      14.1       Election at Annual General Meeting 24 
      14.2       Consent to be a Director 25 
      14.3       Failure to Elect or Appoint Directors 25 
      14.4       Places of Retiring Directors Not Filled 25 
      14.5       Directors May Fill Casual Vacancies 25 
      14.6       Remaining Directors’ Power to Act 25 
      14.7       Shareholders May Fill Vacancies 26 
      14.8       Additional Directors 26 
      14.9       Ceasing to be a Director 26 
      14.10       Removal of Director by Shareholders 26 
      14.11       Removal of Director by Directors 26 
15. ALTERNATE DIRECTORS 27 
      15.1       Appointment of Alternate Director 27 
      15.2       Notice of Meetings 27 
      15.3       Alternate for More Than One Director Attending Meetings 27 
      15.4       Consent Resolutions 27 
      15.5       Alternate Director Not an Agent 27 
      15.6       Revocation of Appointment of Alternate Director 27 
      15.7       Ceasing to be an Alternate Director 28 
      15.8       Remuneration and Expenses of Alternate Director 28 
16. POWERS AND DUTIES OF DIRECTORS 28 
      16.1       Powers of Management 28 
      16.2       Appointment of Attorney of Company 28 
      16.3       Setting the Remuneration of Auditors 28 

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17. DISCLOSURE OF INTERESTS OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS 29 
      17.1       Obligation to Account for Profits 29 
      17.2       Restrictions on Voting by Reason of Interest 29 
      17.3       Interested Director Counted in Quorum 29 
      17.4       Disclosure of Conflict of Interest or Property 29 
      17.5       Director Holding Other Office in the Company 29 
      17.6       No Disqualification 29 
      17.7       Professional Services by Director or Officer 29 
      17.8       Director or Officer in Other Corporations 30 
18. PROCEEDINGS OF DIRECTORS 30 
      18.1       Meetings of Directors 30 
      18.2       Voting at Meetings 30 
      18.3       Chair of Meetings 30 
      18.4       Meetings by Telephone or Other Communications Medium 30 
      18.5       Calling of Meetings 31 
      18.6       Notice of Meetings 31 
      18.7       When Notice Not Required 31 
      18.8       Meeting Valid Despite Failure to Give Notice 31 
      18.9       Waiver of Notice of Meetings 31 
      18.10       Quorum 31 
      18.11       Validity of Acts Where Appointment Defective 31 
      18.12       Consent Resolutions in Writing 32 
19. EXECUTIVE AND OTHER COMMITTEES 32 
      19.1       Appointment and Powers of Executive Committee 32 
      19.2       Appointment and Powers of Other Committees 32 
      19.3       Obligations of Committees 33 
      19.4       Powers of Board 33 
      19.5       Committee Meetings 33 
20. OFFICERS 33 
      20.1       Directors May Appoint Officers 33 
      20.2       Functions, Duties and Powers of Officers 33 
      20.3       Qualifications 34 
      20.4       Remuneration and Terms of Appointment 34 
21. INDEMNIFICATION 34 
      21.1       Definitions 34 
      21.2       Mandatory Indemnification of Eligible Parties 34 
      21.3       Indemnification of Other Persons 34 
      21.4       Non-Compliance with Business Corporations Act 35 
      21.5       Company May Purchase Insurance 35 
22. DIVIDENDS 35 
      22.1       Payment of Dividends Subject to Special Rights 35 
      22.2       Declaration of Dividends 35 
      22.3       No Notice Required 35 
      22.4       Record Date 35 
      22.5       Manner of Paying Dividend 36 
      22.6       Settlement of Difficulties 36 
      22.7       When Dividend Payable 36 

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      22.8       Dividends to be Paid in Accordance with Number of Shares   36
      22.9       Receipt by Joint Shareholders   36
      22.10       Dividend Bears No Interest   36
      22.11       Fractional Dividends   36
      22.12       Payment of Dividends   36
      22.13       Capitalization of Retained Earnings or Surplus   37
23. DOCUMENTS, RECORDS AND REPORTS   37
      23.1       Recording of Financial Affairs   37
      23.2       Inspection of Accounting Records   37
24. NOTICES   37
      24.1       Method of Giving Notice   37
      24.2       Deemed Receipt of Mailing   38
      24.3       Certificate of Sending   38
      24.4       Notice to Joint Shareholders   38
      24.5       Notice to Legal Personal Representatives and Trustees   38
      24.6       Undelivered Notices   39
25. SEAL   39
      25.1       Who May Attest Seal   39
      25.2       Sealing Copies   39
      25.3       Mechanical Reproduction of Seal   39
26. MECHANICAL REPRODUCTIONS OF SIGNATURES   40
      26.1       Instruments may be Mechanically Signed   40
      26.2       Definitions of Instruments   40
27. PROHIBITIONS   40
      27.1       Definitions   40
      27.2       Application   41
      27.3       Consent Required for Transfer of Shares or Designated Securities   41

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PROVINCE OF BRITISH COLUMBIA

Business Corporations Act
Articles of “EMC Metals Corp.
(the “Company”)

1.           I NTERPRETATION

1.1         Definitions

In these Articles, unless the context otherwise requires:

  (a)

“board of directors”, “directors” and “board” mean the directors or sole director of the Company for the time being;

     
  (b)

Business Corporations Act ” means the Business Corporations Act (British Columbia) from time to time in force and all amendments thereto and includes all regulations and amendments thereto made pursuant to that Act;

     
  (c)

Interpretation Act” means the Interpretation Act (British Columbia) from time to time in force and all amendments thereto and includes all regulations and amendments thereto made pursuant to that Act;

     
  (d)

“legal personal representative” means the personal or other legal representative of the shareholder;

     
  (e)

“registered address” of a shareholder means the shareholder’s address as recorded in the central securities register;

     
  (f)

“seal” means the seal of the Company, if any;

     
  (g)

"solicitor of the Company" means any partner, associate or articled student of the law firm retained by the Company in respect of the matter in connection with which the term is used.

1.2         Business Corporations Act and Interpretation Act Definitions Applicable

The definitions in the Business Corporations Act and the definitions and rules of construction in the Interpretation Act , with the necessary changes, so far as applicable, and unless the context requires otherwise, apply to and form a part of these Articles. If there is a conflict between a definition in the Business Corporations Act and a definition or rule in the Interpretation Act relating to a term used in these Articles, the definition in the Business Corporations Act will prevail in relation to the use of the term in these Articles. If there is a conflict or inconsistency between these Articles and the Business Corporations Act , the Business Corporations Act will prevail.

2.          S HARES AND S HARE C ERTIFICATES

2.1         Authorized Share Structure

The authorized share structure of the Company consists of shares of the class or classes and series, if any, described in the Notice of Articles of the Company.

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2.2         Form of Share Certificate

Each share certificate issued by the Company shall be in such form as the directors may determine and approve and must comply with, and be signed as required by, the Business Corporations Act .

2.3         Shareholder Entitled to Certificate or Acknowledgment

Shares may be issued without a share certificate or written acknowledgment. Upon request, however, each shareholder is entitled, without charge, to (a) one share certificate representing the shares of each class or series of shares registered in the shareholder’s name or (b) a non-transferable written acknowledgment of the shareholder’s right to obtain such a share certificate, provided that in respect of a share held jointly by several persons, the Company is not bound to issue more than one share certificate or acknowledgement and delivery of a share certificate or acknowledgement to one of several joint shareholders or to a duly authorized agent of one of the joint shareholders will be sufficient delivery to all.

2.4         Delivery by Mail

Any share certificate or non-transferable written acknowledgment of a shareholder’s right to obtain a share certificate may be sent to the shareholder by mail at the shareholder’s registered address and neither the Company nor any director, officer or agent of the Company is liable for any loss to the shareholder because the share certificate or acknowledgement is lost in the mail or stolen.

2.5       Replacement of Worn Out or Defaced Certificate or Acknowledgement

If the directors are satisfied that a share certificate or a non-transferable written acknowledgment of the shareholder’s right to obtain a share certificate is worn out or defaced, they must, on production to them of the share certificate or acknowledgment, as the case may be, and on such other terms, if any, as they think fit:

  (a)

order the share certificate or acknowledgment, as the case may be, to be cancelled; and

     
  (b)

issue a replacement share certificate or acknowledgment, as the case may be.

2.6         Replacement of Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Certificate or Acknowledgment

If a share certificate or a non-transferable written acknowledgment of a shareholder’s right to obtain a share certificate is lost, stolen or destroyed, a replacement share certificate or acknowledgment, as the case may be, must be issued to the person entitled to that share certificate or acknowledgment, as the case may be, if the directors receive:

  (a)

proof satisfactory to them that the share certificate or acknowledgment is lost, stolen or destroyed; and

     
  (b)

any indemnity the directors consider adequate.

2.7       Splitting Share Certificates

If a shareholder surrenders a share certificate to the Company with a written request that the Company issue in the shareholder’s name two or more share certificates, each representing a specified number of shares and in the aggregate representing the same number of shares as the share certificate so surrendered, the Company must cancel the surrendered share certificate and issue replacement share certificates in accordance with that request.

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2.8         Certificate Fee

There must be paid to the Company, in relation to the issue of any share certificate under Articles 2.5, 2.6 or 2.7, the amount, if any and which must not exceed the amount prescribed under the Business Corporations Act , determined by the directors.

2.9         Recognition of Trusts

Except as required by law or statute or these Articles, no person will be recognized by the Company as holding any share upon any trust, and the Company is not bound by or compelled in any way to recognize (even when having notice thereof) any equitable, contingent, future or partial interest in any share or fraction of a share or (except as required by law or statute or these Articles or as ordered by a court of competent jurisdiction) any other rights in respect of any share except an absolute right to the entirety thereof in the shareholder.

3.          I SSUE OF S HARES

3.1       Directors Authorized

Subject to the Business Corporations Act and the rights, if any, of the holders of issued shares of the Company, the Company may issue, allot, sell or otherwise dispose of the unissued shares, and issued shares held by the Company, at the times, to the persons, including directors, in the manner, on the terms and conditions and for the issue prices (including any premium at which shares with par value may be issued) that the directors may determine. The issue price for a share with par value must be equal to or greater than the par value of the share.

3.2         Commissions and Discounts

The Company may at any time pay a reasonable commission or allow a reasonable discount to any person in consideration of that person purchasing or agreeing to purchase shares of the Company from the Company or any other person or procuring or agreeing to procure purchasers for shares of the Company.

3.3       Brokerage

The Company may pay such brokerage fee or other consideration as may be lawful for or in connection with the sale or placement of its securities.

3.4       Conditions of Issue

Except as provided for by the Business Corporations Act , no share may be issued until it is fully paid. A share is fully paid when:

  (a)

consideration is provided to the Company for the issue of the share by one or more of the following:

       
  (1)

past services performed for the Company;

       
  (2)

property; or

       
  (3)

money; and

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  (b)

the value of the consideration received by the Company equals or exceeds the issue price set for the share under Article 3.1.

3.5       Share Purchase Warrants and Rights

Subject to the Business Corporations Act , the Company may issue share purchase warrants, options and rights upon such terms and conditions as the directors determine, which share purchase warrants, options and rights may be issued alone or in conjunction with debentures, debenture stock, bonds, shares or any other securities issued or created by the Company from time to time.

4.           S HARE R EGISTERS

4.1         Central Securities Register

The Company must maintain a central securities register in accordance with the provisions of the Business Corporations Act . The directors may, subject to the Business Corporations Act , appoint an agent to maintain the central securities register. The directors may also appoint one or more agents, including the agent which keeps the central securities register, as transfer agent for its shares or any class or series of its shares, as the case may be, and the same or another agent as registrar for its shares or such class or series of its shares, as the case may be. The directors may terminate such appointment of any agent at any time and may appoint another agent in its place.

4.2       Closing Register

The Company must not at any time close its central securities register.

5.           S HARE T RANSFERS

5.1         Private Issuer Restrictions

The provisions of Article 27 shall apply to any proposed transfer of a share of the Company.

5.2         Registering Transfers where Certificate or Acknowledgement

A transfer of a share of the Company for which a share certificate has been issued or for which the shareholder has received a non-transferable written acknowledgment of the shareholder’s right to obtain a share certificate must not be registered unless the Company or the transfer agent or registrar for the class or series of share to be transferred has received:

  (a)

an instrument of transfer, duly executed by the transferor or a duly authorized attorney of the transferor, in respect of the share;

     
  (b)

if a share certificate has been issued by the Company in respect of the share to be transferred, that share certificate;

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  (c)

if a non-transferable written acknowledgment of the shareholder’s right to obtain a share certificate has been issued by the Company in respect of the share to be transferred, that acknowledgment; and

     
  (d)

such other evidence, if any, as the directors or the transfer agent may require to prove the title of the transferor or his duly authorized attorney or the right to transfer the shares, and the right of the transferee to have the transfer registered.

5.3       Registering Transfers where no Certificate or Acknowledgement

A transfer of a share of the Company for which a share certificate has not been issued or for which the shareholder has not received a non-transferable written acknowledgment of the shareholder’s right to obtain a share certificate (for example, where shares are issued in book-only form), must not be registered unless the requirements for transfer as approved by the directors have been met.

5.4       Form of Instrument of Transfer

The instrument of transfer in respect of any share of the Company must be either in the form, if any, on the back of the Company’s share certificates or in any other form that may be approved by the directors from time to time.

5.5         Transferor Remains Shareholder

Except to the extent that the Business Corporations Act otherwise provides, the transferor of shares is deemed to remain the holder of the shares until the name of the transferee is entered in a securities register of the Company in respect of the transfer.

5.6         Signing of Instrument of Transfer

If a shareholder, or his or her duly authorized attorney, signs an instrument of transfer in respect of shares registered in the name of the shareholder, the signed instrument of transfer constitutes a complete and sufficient authority to the Company and its directors, officers and agents to register the number of shares specified in the instrument of transfer or specified in any other manner, or, if no number is specified, all the shares represented by the share certificates or set out in the written acknowledgments deposited with the instrument of transfer:

  (a)

in the name of the person named as transferee in that instrument of transfer; or

     
  (b)

if no person is named as transferee in that instrument of transfer, in the name of the person on whose behalf the instrument is deposited for the purpose of having the transfer registered.

5.7       Enquiry as to Title Not Required

Neither the Company nor any director, officer or agent of the Company is bound to inquire into the title of the person named in the instrument of transfer as transferee or, if no person is named as transferee in the instrument of transfer, of the person on whose behalf the instrument is deposited for the purpose of having the transfer registered or is liable for any claim related to registering the transfer by the shareholder or by any intermediate owner or holder of the shares, of any interest in the shares, of any share certificate representing such shares or of any written acknowledgment of a right to obtain a share certificate for such shares.

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5.8         Transfer Agent

The Company may appoint one or more trust companies or agents as its transfer agent for the purpose of issuing, countersigning, registering, transferring and certifying the shares and share certificates of the Company.

5.9       Transfer Fee

There must be paid to the Company, in relation to the registration of any transfer, the amount, if any, determined by the directors.

6.          T RANSMISSION OF S HARES

6.1         Legal Personal Representative Recognized on Death

In case of the death of a shareholder, the legal personal representative of the shareholder, in the case of shares registered in the shareholders’ name and the name of another person in joint tenancy, the surviving joint holder, will be the only person recognized by the Company as having any title to the shareholder’s interest in the shares. Before recognizing a person as a legal personal representative of a shareholder, the directors may require proof of appointment by a court of competent jurisdiction, a grant of letters probate, letters of administration or such other evidence or documents as the directors consider appropriate.

6.2         Rights of Legal Personal Representative

Subject to Article 6.1, on death or bankruptcy, the legal personal representative of a shareholder has the same rights, privileges and obligations that attach to the shares held by the shareholder, including the right to transfer the shares in accordance with these Articles, provided the documents required by the Business Corporations Act and the directors have been deposited with the Company.

6.3         Registration of Legal Personal Representative

Any person becoming entitled to a share in consequence of the death or bankruptcy of a shareholder shall, upon such documents and evidence being produced to the Company as the Business Corporations Act requires, or who becomes entitled to a share as a result of an order of a court of competent jurisdiction or a statute, has the right either to be registered as a shareholder in his representative capacity in respect of such share, or, if he is a personal representative, instead of being registered himself, to make such transfer of the share as the deceased or bankrupt person could have made; but the directors shall, as regards a transfer by a personal representative or trustee in bankruptcy, have the same right, if any, to decline or suspend registration of a transferee as they would have in the case of a transfer of a share by the deceased or bankrupt person before the death or bankruptcy.

7.         P URCHASE AND R EDEMPTION OF S HARES

7.1         Company Authorized to Purchase or Redeem Shares

Subject to Article 7.2, the special rights and restrictions attached to the shares of any class or series and the Business Corporations Act , the Company may, if authorized by the directors, purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any of its shares at the price and upon the terms the directors determine. The Company may, by a resolution of directors, cancel any of its shares purchased by the Company, and upon the cancellation of such shares the number of issued shares shall be reduced accordingly.

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7.2       Purchase When Insolvent

The Company must not make a payment or provide any other consideration to purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any of its shares if there are reasonable grounds for believing that:

  (a)

the Company is insolvent; or

     
  (b)

making the payment or providing the consideration would render the Company insolvent.

7.3         Sale and Voting of Purchased Shares

If the Company retains a share purchased, redeemed or otherwise acquired by it, the Company may sell, gift or otherwise dispose of the share, but, while such share is held by the Company, it:

  (a)

is not entitled to vote the share at a meeting of its shareholders;

     
  (b)

must not pay a dividend in respect of the share; and

     
  (c)

must not make any other distribution in respect of the share.

8.          B ORROWING P OWERS

The Company, if authorized by the directors, may:

  (a)

borrow money in the manner and amount, on the security, from the sources and on the terms and conditions that they consider appropriate;

     
  (b)

issue bonds, debentures and other debt obligations either outright or as security for any liability or obligation of the Company or any other person and at such discounts or premiums and on such other terms as they consider appropriate;

     
  (c)

guarantee the repayment of money by any other person or the performance of any obligation of any other person; and

     
  (d)

mortgage, charge, whether by way of specific or floating charge, grant a security interest in, or give other security on, the whole or any part of the present and future assets and undertaking of the Company.

Any bonds, debentures or other debt obligations of the Company may be issued at a discount, premium or otherwise, and with any special privileges as to redemption, surrender, drawings, allotment of or conversion into or exchange for shares or other securities, attending and voting at general meetings of the Company, appointment of directors or otherwise and may by their terms be assignable free from any equities between the Company and the person to whom they were issued or any subsequent holder thereof, all as the directors may determine.

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9.          A LTERATIONS

9.1         Alteration of Authorized Share Structure

Subject to Article 9.2 and the Business Corporations Act , the Company may:

  (a)

either by directors’ resolution or by ordinary resolution, at the election of the directors in their sole discretion:

         
  (1)

create one or more classes of shares or, if none of the shares of a class are allotted or issued, eliminate that class of shares;

         
  (2)

increase, reduce or eliminate the maximum number of shares that the Company is authorized to issue out of any class or series of shares or establish a maximum number of shares that the Company is authorized to issue out of any class or series of shares for which no maximum is established;

         
  (3)

subdivide or consolidate all or any of its unissued, or fully paid issued, shares;

         
  (4)

if the Company is authorized to issue shares of a class of shares with par value:

         
  i

decrease the par value of those shares; or

         
  ii

if none of the shares of that class of shares are allotted or issued, increase the par value of those shares;

         
  (5)

change all or any of its unissued, or fully paid issued, shares with par value into shares without par value or any of its unissued shares without par value into shares with par value;

         
  (6)

alter the identifying name of any of its shares;

         
  (7)

otherwise alter its shares or authorized share structure when required or permitted to do so by the Business Corporations Act; or

         
  (b)

by ordinary resolution otherwise alter its shares or authorized share structure;

and alter its Articles and Notice of Articles accordingly.

9.2         Special Rights and Restrictions

Subject to the Business Corporations Act , the Company may:

  (a)

By ordinary resolution alter the Articles to create, vary or delete any special rights or restrictions for, and attach those special rights or restrictions to, or modify those special rights or restrictions of, the shares of any class; and

     
  (b)

by directors’ resolution or by ordinary resolution, as permitted under the Articles or pursuant to the

     
 

Business Corporations Act , create, vary or delete any special rights or restrictions for, and attach those special rights or restrictions, to, or modify those special rights or restrictions of, the shares of any series of shares;

and alter its Articles and Notice of Articles accordingly.

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9.3         Change of Name

The Company may by directors’ resolution or by ordinary resolution, in each case as determined by the directors, authorize an alteration of its Notice of Articles in order to change its name.

9.4         Other Alterations

The Company, save as otherwise provided by these Articles and subject to the Business Corporations Act, may:

 

(a)

by directors’ resolution or by ordinary resolution, in each case as determined by the directors, authorize alterations to the Articles that are procedural or administrative in nature or are matters that pursuant to these Articles are solely within the directors’ powers, control or authority; and

     
  (b)

if the Business Corporations Act does not specify the type of resolution and these Articles do not specify another type of resolution, the Company may by ordinary resolution alter these Articles.

10.        M EETINGS OF S HAREHOLDERS

10.1       Annual General Meetings

Unless an annual general meeting is deferred or waived in accordance with the Business Corporations Act , the Company must hold its first annual general meeting within 18 months after the date on which it was incorporated or otherwise recognized, and thereafter must hold an annual general meeting at least once in each calendar year and not more than 15 months after the last annual reference date at such time and place as may be determined by the directors.

10.2      Consent Resolution Instead of Meeting of Shareholders

If all the shareholders who are entitled to vote at an annual general meeting consent by a unanimous resolution under the Business Corporations Act to all of the business that is required to be transacted at that annual general meeting, the annual general meeting is deemed to have been held on the date of the unanimous resolution. The shareholders must, in any unanimous resolution passed under this Article 10.2, select as the Company’s annual reference date a date that would be appropriate for the holding of the applicable annual general meeting.

10.3       Calling of Meetings of Shareholders

The directors may, whenever they think fit, call a meeting of shareholders.

10.4       Notice for Meetings of Shareholders

The Company must send notice of the date, time and location of any meeting of shareholders (including, without limitation, any notice specifying the intention to propose a resolution as an exceptional resolution, a special resolution or a special separate resolution and any notice of a general meeting, class meeting or series meeting or to consider approving the adoption of an amalgamation agreement, the approval of any amalgamation into a foreign jurisdiction or the approval of any arragement), in the manner provided in these Articles, or in such other manner, if any, as may be prescribed by directors’ resolution (whether previous notice of the resolution has been given or not), to each shareholder entitled to attend the meeting, to each director and to the auditor of the Company, unless these Articles otherwise provide, at least the following number of days before the meeting:

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  (a)

if and for so long as the Company is a public company, 21 days;

     
  (b)

otherwise, 10 days.

10.5       A Notice of Resolution to Which Shareholders May Dissent

The Company must send to each of its shareholders, whether or not their shares carry the right to vote, a notice of any meeting of shareholders at which a resolution entitling shareholders to dissent is to be considered specifying the date of the meeting and containing a statement advising of the right to send a notice of dissent and a copy of the proposed resolution at lease the following number of days before the meeting:

  (a)

if and for so long as the Company is a public company, 21 days;

     
  (b)

otherwise, 10 days.

10.6       Record Date for Notice

The directors may set a date as the record date for the purpose of determining shareholders entitled to notice of any meeting of shareholders. The record date must not precede the date on which the meeting is to be held by more than two months or, in the case of a general meeting requisitioned by shareholders under the Business Corporations Act , by more than four months. The record date must not precede the date on which the meeting is held by fewer than:

  (a)

if and for so long as the Company is a public company, 21 days;

     
  (b)

otherwise, 10 days.

If no record date is set, the record date is 5 p.m. on the day immediately preceding the first date on which the notice is sent or, if no notice is sent, the beginning of the meeting.

10.7     Record Date for Voting

The directors may set a date as the record date for the purpose of determining shareholders entitled to vote at any meeting of shareholders. The record date must not precede the date on which the meeting is to be held by more than two months or, in the case of a general meeting requisitioned by shareholders under the Business Corporations Act , by more than four months. If no record date is set, the record date is 5 p.m. on the day immediately preceding the first date on which the notice is sent or, if no notice is sent, the beginning of the meeting.

10.8       Failure to Give Notice and Waiver of Notice

The accidental omission to send notice of any meeting of shareholders to, or the non-receipt of any notice by, any of the persons entitled to notice does not invalidate any proceedings at that meeting. Any person entitled to notice of a meeting of shareholders may, in writing or otherwise, waive or reduce the period of notice of such meeting. Attendance of a person at a meeting of shareholders is a waiver of entitlement to notice of the meeting unless that person attends the meeting for the express purpose of objecting to the transaction of any business on the grounds that the meeting is not lawfully called.

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10.9     Notice of Special Business at Meetings of Shareholders

If a meeting of shareholders is to consider special business within the meaning of Article 11.1, the notice of meeting must:

  (a)

state the general nature of the special business; and

       
  (b)

if the special business includes considering, approving, ratifying, adopting or authorizing any document or the signing of or giving of effect to any document, have attached to it a copy of the document or state that a copy of the document will be available for inspection by shareholders:

       
  (1)

at the Company’s records office, or at such other reasonably accessible location in British Columbia as is specified in the notice; and

       
  (2)

during statutory business hours on any one or more specified days before the day set for the holding of the meeting.

10.10    Location of Meetings of Shareholders

The Company will hold meetings of shareholders in British Columbia, subject to the directors, by resolution, approving a location for such meetings outside of British Columbia.

11.        P ROCEEDINGS AT M EETINGS OF S HAREHOLDERS

11.1       Special Business

At a meeting of shareholders, the following business is special business:

  (a)

at a meeting of shareholders that is not an annual general meeting, all business is special business except business relating to the conduct of or voting at the meeting;

       
  (b)

at an annual general meeting, all business is special business except for the following:

       
  (1)

business relating to the conduct of or voting at the meeting;

       
  (2)

consideration of any financial statements of the Company presented to the meeting;

       
  (3)

consideration of any reports of the directors or auditor;

       
  (4)

the setting or changing of the number of directors;

       
  (5)

the election or appointment of directors;

       
  (6)

the appointment of an auditor;

       
  (7)

the setting of the remuneration of an auditor;

       
  (8)

business arising out of a report of the directors not requiring the passing of a special resolution or an exceptional resolution;

       
  (9)

any other business which, under these Articles or the Business Corporations Act , may be transacted at a meeting of shareholders without prior notice of the business being given to the shareholders.

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11.2       Majority Required for a Special Resolution

The majority of votes required for the Company to pass a special resolution at a general meeting of shareholders is two-thirds of the votes cast on the resolution.

11.3       Quorum

Subject to the special rights and restrictions attached to the shares of any class or series of shares, the quorum for the transaction of business at a meeting of shareholders is one person who is a shareholder, or who is otherwise permitted to vote shares of the Company at a meeting of shareholders pursuant to these articles, present in person or by proxy.

11.4     Other Persons May Attend

The directors, the president (if any), the secretary (if any), the assistant secretary (if any), any solicitor for the Company, the auditor of the Company and any other persons invited by the directors are entitled to attend any meeting of shareholders, but if any of those persons does attend a meeting of shareholders, that person is not to be counted in the quorum and is not entitled to vote at the meeting unless that person is a shareholder or proxy holder entitled to vote at the meeting.

11.5     Requirement of Quorum

No business, other than the election of a chair of the meeting and the adjournment of the meeting, may be transacted at any meeting of shareholders unless a quorum of shareholders entitled to vote is present at the commencement of the meeting, but such quorum need not be present throughout the meeting.

11.6       Lack of Quorum

If, within one-half hour from the time set for the holding of a meeting of shareholders, a quorum is not present:

  (a)

in the case of a general meeting requisitioned by shareholders, the meeting is dissolved, and

     
  (b)

in the case of any other meeting of shareholders, the meeting stands adjourned to the same day in the next week at the same time and place.

11.7     Lack of Quorum at Succeeding Meeting

If, at the meeting to which the meeting referred to in Article 11.6(b) was adjourned, a quorum is not present within one-half hour from the time set for the holding of the meeting, the person or persons present and being, or representing by proxy, one or more shareholders entitled to attend and vote at the meeting constitute a quorum.

11.8       Chair

The following individuals are entitled to preside as chair at a meeting of shareholders:

  (a)

the chair of the board, if any; or

     
  (b)

if no chair of the board exists or is present and willing to act as chair of the meeting, the president of the Company; or

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  (c)

if the chair of the board, and the president of the Company are absent or unwilling to act as chair of the meeting, the solicitor of the Company.

11.9     Selection of Alternate Chair

If, at any meeting of shareholders, there is no chair of the board or president present within 15 minutes after the time set for holding the meeting, or if the chair of the board and the president are unwilling to act as chair of the meeting, or if the chair of the board and the president have advised the secretary, if any, or any director present at the meeting, that they will not be present at the meeting, and the solicitor of the Company is absent or unwilling to act as chair of the meeting, the directors present must choose one of their number to be chair of the meeting or if all of the directors present decline to take the chair or fail to so choose or if no director is present, the shareholders entitled to vote at the meeting who are present in person or by proxy may choose any person present at the meeting to chair the meeting.

11.10    Adjournments

The chair of a meeting of shareholders may, and if so directed by the meeting must, adjourn the meeting from time to time and from place to place, but no business may be transacted at any adjourned meeting other than the business left unfinished at the meeting from which the adjournment took place.

11.11    Notice of Adjourned Meeting

It is not necessary to give any notice of an adjourned meeting of shareholders or of the business to be transacted at an adjourned meeting of shareholders except that, when a meeting is adjourned for 30 days or more, notice of the adjourned meeting must be given as in the case of the original meeting.

11.12    Decisions by Show of Hands, Verbal Statements, or Poll

Subject to the Business Corporations Act , every motion put to a vote at a meeting of shareholders will be decided on a show of hands unless a poll, before or on the declaration of the result of the vote by show of hands, is directed by the chair or demanded by at least one shareholder entitled to vote who is present in person or by proxy. In determining the result of a vote by show of hands, shareholders present by telephone or other communications medium in which all shareholders and proxy holders entitled to attend and participate in voting at the meeting are able to communicate with each other, may indicate their vote verbally or, otherwise in such manner as clearly evidences their vote and is accepted by the chair of the meeting.

11.13    Declaration of Result

The chair of a meeting of shareholders must declare to the meeting the decision on every question in accordance with the result of the show of hands or the poll, as the case may be, and that decision must be entered in the minutes of the meeting. A declaration of the chair that a resolution is carried by the necessary majority or is defeated is, unless a poll is directed by the chair or demanded under Article 11.12, conclusive evidence without proof of the number or proportion of the votes recorded in favour of or against the resolution.

11.14    Motion Need Not be Seconded

No motion proposed at a meeting of shareholders need be seconded unless the chair of the meeting rules otherwise, and the chair of any meeting of shareholders is entitled to propose or second a motion.

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11.15    Casting Vote

In case of an equality of votes either on a show of hands or on a poll, the chair of a meeting of shareholders will have a second or casting vote in addition to the vote or votes to which the chair may be entitled as a shareholder.

11.16    Manner of Taking Poll

Subject to Article 11.18, if a poll is duly demanded at a meeting of shareholders:

  (a)

the poll must be taken:

       
  (1)

at the meeting, or within seven days after the date of the meeting, as the chair of the meeting directs; and

       
  (2)

in the manner, at the time and at the place that the chair of the meeting directs;

       
  (b)

the result of the poll is deemed to be the decision of the meeting at which the poll is demanded; and

       
  (c)

the demand for the poll may be withdrawn by the person who demanded it.

11.17    Demand for Poll on Adjournment

A poll demanded at a meeting of shareholders on a question of adjournment must be taken immediately at the meeting.

11.18    Chair Must Resolve Dispute

In the case of any dispute as to the admission or rejection of a vote given on a poll, the chair of the meeting must determine the dispute, and his or her determination made in good faith is final and conclusive.

11.19    Casting of Votes

On a poll, a shareholder entitled to more than one vote need not cast all the votes in the same way.

11.20    No Demand for Poll on Election of Chair

No poll may be demanded in respect of the vote by which a chair of a meeting of shareholders is elected.

11.21    Demand for Poll Not to Prevent Continuance of Meeting

The demand for a poll at a meeting of shareholders does not, unless the chair of the meeting so rules, prevent the continuation of a meeting for the transaction of any business other than the question on which a poll has been demanded.

11.22    Retention of Ballots and Proxies

The Company must, for at least three months after a meeting of shareholders, keep each ballot cast on a poll and each proxy voted at the meeting, and, during that period, make them available for inspection during normal business hours by any shareholder or proxyholder entitled to vote at the meeting. At the end of such three month period, the Company may destroy such ballots and proxies.

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12.        V OTES OF S HAREHOLDERS

12.1       Number of Votes by Shareholder or by Shares

Subject to any special rights or restrictions attached to any shares and to the restrictions imposed on joint shareholders under Article 12.3:

  (a)

on a vote by show of hands, every person present who is a shareholder or proxy holder and entitled to vote on the matter has one vote; and

     
  (b)

on a poll, every shareholder entitled to vote on the matter has one vote in respect of each share entitled to be voted on the matter and held by that shareholder and may exercise that vote either in person or by proxy.

12.2       Votes of Persons in Representative Capacity

A person who is not a shareholder may vote at a meeting of shareholders, whether on a show of hands or on a poll, and may appoint a proxy holder to act at the meeting, if, before doing so, the person satisfies the chair of the meeting, or the directors, that the person is a legal personal representative or a trustee in bankruptcy for a shareholder who is entitled to vote at the meeting.

12.3       Votes by Joint Holders

If there are joint shareholders registered in respect of any share:

  (a)

any one of the joint shareholders may vote at any meeting of shareholders, either personally or by proxy, in respect of the share as if that joint shareholder were solely entitled to it; or

     
  (b)

if more than one of the joint shareholders is present at any meeting of shareholders, personally or by proxy, and more than one of them votes in respect of that share, then only the vote of the joint shareholder present whose name stands first on the central securities register in respect of the share will be counted.

12.4       Legal Personal Representatives as Joint Shareholders

Two or more legal personal representatives of a shareholder in whose sole name any share is registered are, for the purposes of Article 12.3, deemed to be joint shareholders registered in respect of that share.

12.5       Representative of a Corporate Shareholder

If a corporation, that is not a subsidiary of the Company, is a shareholder, that corporation may appoint a person to act as its representative at any meeting of shareholders of the Company, and:

  (a)

for that purpose, the instrument appointing a representative must:


  (1)

be received at the registered office of the Company or at any other place specified, in the notice calling the meeting, for the receipt of proxies, at least the number of business days specified in the notice for the receipt of proxies, or if no number of days is specified, two business days before the day set for the holding of the meeting; or

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  (2)

be provided, at the meeting, to the chair of the meeting or to a person designated by the chair of the meeting;


  (b)

if a representative is appointed under this Article 12.5:

       
  (1)

the representative is entitled to exercise in respect of and at that meeting the same rights on behalf of the corporation that the representative represents as that corporation could exercise if it were a shareholder who is an individual, including, without limitation, the right to appoint a proxy holder; and

       
  (2)

the representative, if present at the meeting, is to be counted for the purpose of forming a quorum and is deemed to be a shareholder present in person at the meeting.

Evidence of the appointment of any such representative may be sent to the Company by written instrument, fax or any other method of transmitting legibly recorded messages.

12.6     Proxy Provisions Do Not Apply to All Companies

Articles 12.7 to 12.15 do not apply to the Company if and for so long as it is a public company or a pre-existing reporting company which has the Statutory Reporting Company Provisions as part of its Articles or to which the Statutory Reporting Company Provisions apply.

12.7       Appointment of Proxy Holders

Every shareholder of the Company, including a corporation that is a shareholder but not a subsidiary of the Company, entitled to vote at a meeting of shareholders may, by proxy, appoint one or more (but not more than five) proxy holders to attend and act at the meeting in the manner, to the extent and with the powers conferred by the proxy.

12.8       Alternate Proxy Holders

A shareholder may appoint one or more alternate proxy holders to act in the place of an absent proxy holder.

12.9       Proxy Holder Need Not Be Shareholder

A person who is appointed as a proxy holder need not be a shareholder of the Company.

12.10    Deposit of Proxy

A proxy for a meeting of shareholders must:

  (a)

be received at the registered office of the Company or at any other place specified, in the notice calling the meeting, for the receipt of proxies, at least the number of business days specified in the notice, or if no number of days is specified, two business days before the day set for the holding of the meeting; or

     
  (b)

unless the notice provides otherwise, be provided, at the meeting, to the chair of the meeting or to a person designated by the chair of the meeting.

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A proxy may be sent to the Company by written instrument, fax or any other method of transmitting legibly recorded messages.

12.11    Validity of Proxy Vote

A vote given in accordance with the terms of a proxy is valid notwithstanding the death or incapacity of the shareholder giving the proxy and despite the revocation of the proxy or the revocation of the authority under which the proxy is given, unless notice in writing of that death, incapacity or revocation is received:

  (a)

at the registered office of the Company, at any time up to and including the last business day before the day set for the holding of the meeting at which the proxy is to be used; or

     
  (b)

by the chair of the meeting, before the vote is taken.

12.12    Form of Proxy

A proxy, whether for a specified meeting or otherwise, must be either in the following form or in any other form approved by the directors or the chair of the meeting:

[name of company]
(the “Company”)

The undersigned, being a shareholder of the Company, hereby appoints [name] or, failing that person, [name] , as proxy holder for the undersigned to attend, act and vote for and on behalf of the undersigned at the meeting of shareholders of the Company to be held on [month, day, year] and at any adjournment of that meeting.

Number of shares in respect of which this proxy is given (if no number is specified, then this proxy if given in respect of all shares registered in the name of the shareholder): _____________________

Signed [month, day, year]

______________________
[Signature of shareholder]

______________________
[Name of shareholder
printed]

12.13    Revocation of Proxy

Subject to Article 12.14, every proxy may be revoked by an instrument in writing that is:

  (a)

received at the registered office of the Company at any time up to and including the last business day before the day set for the holding of the meeting at which the proxy is to be used; or

     
  (b)

provided, at the meeting, to the chair of the meeting.

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12.14    Revocation of Proxy Must Be Signed

An instrument referred to in Article 12.13 must be signed as follows:

  (a)

if the shareholder for whom the proxy holder is appointed is an individual, the instrument must be signed by the shareholder or his or her legal personal representative or trustee in bankruptcy;

     
  (b)

if the shareholder for whom the proxy holder is appointed is a corporation, the instrument must be signed by the corporation or by a representative appointed for the corporation under Article 12.5.

12.15    Production of Evidence of Authority to Vote

The chair of any meeting of shareholders may, but need not, inquire into the authority of any person to vote at the meeting and may, but need not, demand from that person production of evidence as to the existence of the authority to vote.

13.        D IRECTORS

13.1     First Directors; Number of Directors

If the Company is not a pre-existing company under the Business Corporations Act , the first directors are the persons designated as directors of the Company in the Notice of Articles that applies to the Company when it is recognized under the Business Corporations Act . The number of directors, excluding additional directors appointed under Article 14.8, is set at:

  (a)

subject to paragraphs (b) and (c), the number of directors that is equal to the number of the Company’s first directors if applicable;

       
  (b)

if the Company is a public company, the greater of three and the most recently set of:

       
  (1)

the number of directors set by ordinary resolution (whether or not previous notice of the resolution was given); and

       
  (2)

the number of directors set under Article 14.4;

       
  (c)

if the Company is not a public company, the most recently set of:

       
  (1)

the number of directors set by ordinary resolution (whether or not previous notice of the resolution was given); and

       
  (2)

the number of directors set under Article 14.4.

13.2     Change in Number of Directors

If the number of directors is set under Articles 13.1(b)(1) or 13.1(c)(1):

  (a)

the shareholders may contemporaneously elect or appoint the directors up to that number; and

     
  (b)

subject to Article 14.8, if the shareholders do not contemporaneously elect or appoint the number of directors set resulting in vacancies, then the directors may appoint, or failing which the shareholders may elect or appoint, directors to fill those vacancies.

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13.3       Directors’ Acts Valid Despite Vacancy

An act or proceeding of the directors is not invalid merely because fewer than the number of directors set or otherwise required under these Articles is in office.

13.4       Qualifications of Directors

A director is not required to hold a share in the capital of the Company as qualification for his or her office but must be qualified as required by the Business Corporations Act to become, act or continue to act as a director.

13.5     Remuneration of Directors

The directors are entitled to the remuneration for acting as directors, if any, as the directors may from time to time determine. If the directors so decide, the remuneration of the directors, if any, will be determined by the shareholders. That remuneration may be in addition to any salary or other remuneration paid to any officer or employee of the Company as such, who is also a director.

13.6       Reimbursement of Expenses of Directors

The Company must reimburse each director for the reasonable expenses that he or she may incur in and about the business of the Company.

13.7       Special Remuneration for Directors

If any director performs any professional or other services for the Company that in the opinion of the directors are outside the ordinary duties of a director, or if any director is otherwise specially occupied in or about the Company’s business, he or she may be paid remuneration fixed by the directors, or, at the option of that director, fixed by ordinary resolution, and such remuneration may be either in addition to, or in substitution for, any other remuneration that he or she may be entitled to receive.

13.8       Gratuity, Pension or Allowance on Retirement of Director

Unless otherwise determined by ordinary resolution, the directors on behalf of the Company may pay a gratuity or pension or allowance on retirement to any director who has held any salaried office or place of profit with the Company or to his or her spouse or dependants and may make contributions to any fund and pay premiums for the purchase or provision of any such gratuity, pension or allowance.

14.        E LECTION AND R EMOVAL OF D IRECTORS

14.1       Election at Annual General Meeting

At every annual general meeting and in every unanimous resolution contemplated by Article 10.2:

  (a)

the shareholders entitled to vote at the annual general meeting for the election of directors must elect, or in the unanimous resolution appoint, a board of directors consisting of the number of directors set under these Articles from time to time; and

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  (b)

all the directors cease to hold office immediately before the election or appointment of directors under paragraph (a), but are eligible for re-election or re-appointment.

14.2     Consent to be a Director

No election, appointment or designation of an individual as a director is valid unless:

  (a)

that individual consents to be a director in the manner provided for in the Business Corporations Act ;

     
  (b)

that individual is elected or appointed at a meeting at which the individual is present and the individual does not refuse, at the meeting, to be a director; or

     
  (c)

with respect to first directors, the designation is otherwise valid under the Business Corporations Act .

14.3       Failure to Elect or Appoint Directors

If:

  (a)

the Company fails to hold an annual general meeting, and all the shareholders who are entitled to vote at an annual general meeting fail to pass the unanimous resolution contemplated by Article 10.2, on or before the date by which the annual general meeting is required to be held under the Business Corporations Act ; or

     
  (b)

the shareholders fail, at the annual general meeting or in the unanimous resolution contemplated by Article 10.2, to elect or appoint any directors;

then each director then in office continues to hold office until the earlier of:

  (a)

when his or her successor is elected or appointed; and

     
  (b)

when he or she otherwise ceases to hold office under the Business Corporations Act or these Articles.

14.4     Places of Retiring Directors Not Filled

If, at any meeting of shareholders at which there should be an election of directors, the places of any of the retiring directors are not filled by that election, those retiring directors who are not re-elected and who are asked by the newly elected directors to continue in office will, if willing to do so, continue in office to complete the number of directors for the time being set pursuant to these Articles until further new directors are elected at a meeting of shareholders convened for that purpose. If any such election or continuance of directors does not result in the election or continuance of the number of directors for the time being set pursuant to these Articles, the number of directors of the Company is deemed to be set at the number of directors actually elected or continued in office.

14.5     Directors May Fill Casual Vacancies

Any casual vacancy occurring in the board of directors may be filled by the directors.

14.6     Remaining Directors’ Power to Act

The directors may act notwithstanding any vacancy in the board of directors, but if the Company has fewer directors in office than the number set pursuant to these Articles as the quorum of directors, the directors may only act for the purpose of appointing directors up to that number or of calling a meeting of shareholders for the purpose of filling any vacancies on the board of directors or, subject to the Business Corporations Act , for any other purpose.

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14.7     Shareholders May Fill Vacancies

If the Company has no directors or fewer directors in office than the number set pursuant to these Articles as the quorum of directors, then failing the filling of any vacancies as set forth in Article 14.6, the shareholders may elect or appoint directors to fill any vacancies on the board of directors.

14.8     Additional Directors

Notwithstanding Articles 13.1 and 13.2, between annual general meetings or resolutions contemplated by Article 10.2, the directors may appoint one or more additional directors, but the number of additional directors appointed under this Article 14.8 must not at any time exceed:

  (a)

one-third of the number of first directors, if, at the time of the appointments, one or more of the first directors have not yet completed their first term of office; or

     
  (b)

in any other case, one-third of the number of the current directors who were elected or appointed as directors other than under this Article 14.8.

Any director so appointed ceases to hold office immediately before the next election or appointment of directors under Article 14.1(1), but is eligible for re-election or re-appointment.

14.9      Ceasing to be a Director

A director ceases to be a director when:

  (a)

the term of office of the director expires;

     
  (b)

the director dies;

     
  (c)

the director resigns as a director by notice in writing provided to the Company or a solicitor for the Company; or

     
  (d)

the director is removed from office pursuant to Articles 14.10 or 14.11.

14.10    Removal of Director by Shareholders

The Company may remove any director before the expiration of his or her term of office by special resolution. In that event, the shareholders may elect, or appoint by ordinary resolution, a director to fill the resulting vacancy. If the shareholders do not elect or appoint a director to fill the resulting vacancy contemporaneously with the removal, then the directors may appoint or the shareholders may elect, or appoint by ordinary resolution, a director to fill that vacancy.

14.11    Removal of Director by Directors

The directors may remove any director before the expiration of his or her term of office if the director is convicted of an indictable offence, or if the director ceases to be qualified to act as a director of a company and does not promptly resign, and the directors may appoint a director to fill the resulting vacancy.

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15.        A LTERNATE D IRECTORS

15.1       Appointment of Alternate Director

Any director (an “appointor”) may by notice in writing received by the Company appoint any person (an “appointee”) who is qualified to act as a director to be his or her alternate to act in his or her place at meetings of the directors or committees of the directors at which the appointor is not present unless (in the case of an appointee who is not a director) the directors have reasonably disapproved the appointment of such person as an alternate director and have given notice to that effect to his or her appointor within a reasonable time after the notice of appointment is received by the Company.

15.2       Notice of Meetings

Every alternate director so appointed is entitled to notice of meetings of the directors and of committees of the directors of which his or her appointor is a member and to attend and vote as a director at any such meetings at which his or her appointor is not present.

15.3       Alternate for More Than One Director Attending Meetings

A person may be appointed as an alternate director by more than one director, and an alternate director:

  (a)

will be counted in determining the quorum for a meeting of directors once for each of his or her appointors and, in the case of an appointee who is also a director, once more in that capacity;

     
  (b)

has a separate vote at a meeting of directors for each of his or her appointors and, in the case of an appointee who is also a director, an additional vote in that capacity;

     
  (c)

will be counted in determining the quorum for a meeting of a committee of directors once for each of his or her appointors who is a member of that committee and, in the case of an appointee who is also a member of that committee as a director, once more in that capacity;

     
  (d)

has a separate vote at a meeting of a committee of directors for each of his or her appointors who is a member of that committee and, in the case of an appointee who is also a member of that committee as a director, an additional vote in that capacity.

15.4     Consent Resolutions

Every alternate director, if authorized by the notice appointing him or her, may sign in place of his or her appointor any resolutions to be consented to in writing.

15.5       Alternate Director Not an Agent

Every alternate director is deemed not to be the agent of his or her appointor.

15.6       Revocation of Appointment of Alternate Director

An appointor may at any time, by notice in writing received by the Company, revoke the appointment of an alternate director appointed by him or her.

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15.7     Ceasing to be an Alternate Director

The appointment of an alternate director ceases when:

  (a)

his or her appointor ceases to be a director and is not promptly re-elected or re-appointed;

     
  (b)

the alternate director dies;

     
  (c)

the alternate director resigns as an alternate director by notice in writing provided to the Company or a solicitor for the Company;

     
  (d)

the alternate director ceases to be qualified to act as a director; or

     
  (e)

his or her appointor revokes the appointment of the alternate director.

15.8       Remuneration and Expenses of Alternate Director

The Company may reimburse an alternate director for the reasonable expenses that would be properly reimbursed if he or she were a director, and the alternate director is entitled to receive from the Company such proportion, if any, of the remuneration otherwise payable to the appointor as the appointor may from time to time direct.

16.        P OWERS AND D UTIES OF D IRECTORS

16.1       Powers of Management

The directors must, subject to the Business Corporations Act and these Articles, manage or supervise the management of the business and affairs of the Company and have the authority to exercise all such powers of the Company as are not, by the Business Corporations Act or by these Articles, required to be exercised by the shareholders of the Company.

16.2       Appointment of Attorney of Company

The directors may from time to time, by power of attorney or other instrument, under seal if so required by law, appoint any person to be the attorney of the Company for such purposes, and with such powers, authorities and discretions (not exceeding those vested in or exercisable by the directors under these Articles and excepting the power to fill vacancies in the board of directors, to remove a director, to change the membership of, or fill vacancies in, any committee of the directors, to appoint or remove officers appointed by the directors and to declare dividends) and for such period, and with such remuneration and subject to such conditions as the directors may think fit. Any such power of attorney may contain such provisions for the protection or convenience of persons dealing with such attorney as the directors think fit. Any such attorney may be authorized by the directors to sub-delegate all or any of the powers, authorities and discretions for the time being vested in him or her.

16.3       Setting the Remuneration of Auditors

The directors may from time to time set the remuneration of the auditors of the Company.

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17.        D ISCLOSURE OF I NTERESTS OF D IRECTORS AND OFFICERS

17.1       Obligation to Account for Profits

A director or senior officer who holds a disclosable interest (as that term is used in the Business Corporations Act ) in a contract or transaction into which the Company has entered or proposes to enter is liable to account to the Company for any profit that accrues to the director or senior officer under or as a result of the contract or transaction only if and to the extent provided in the Business Corporations Act .

17.2       Restrictions on Voting by Reason of Interest

A director who holds a disclosable interest in a contract or transaction into which the Company has entered or proposes to enter is not entitled to vote on any directors’ resolution to approve that contract or transaction, unless all the directors have a disclosable interest in that contract or transaction, in which case any or all of those directors may vote on such resolution.

17.3     Interested Director Counted in Quorum

A director who holds a disclosable interest in a contract or transaction into which the Company has entered or proposes to enter and who is present at the meeting of directors at which the contract or transaction is considered for approval may be counted in the quorum at the meeting whether or not the director votes on any or all of the resolutions considered at the meeting.

17.4     Disclosure of Conflict of Interest or Property

A director or senior officer who holds any office or possesses any property, right or interest that could result, directly or indirectly, in the creation of a duty or interest that materially conflicts with that individual’s duty or interest as a director or senior officer, must disclose the nature and extent of the conflict as required by the Business Corporations Act .

17.5       Director Holding Other Office in the Company

A director may hold any office or place of profit with the Company, other than the office of auditor of the Company, in addition to his or her office of director for the period and on the terms (as to remuneration or otherwise) that the directors may determine.

17.6     No Disqualification

No director or intended director is disqualified by his or her office from contracting with the Company either with regard to the holding of any office or place of profit the director holds with the Company or as vendor, purchaser or otherwise, and no contract or transaction entered into by or on behalf of the Company in which a director is in any way interested is liable to be voided for that reason.

17.7       Professional Services by Director or Officer

Subject to the Business Corporations Act , a director or officer, or any person in which a director or officer has an interest, may act in a professional capacity for the Company, except as auditor of the Company, and the director or officer or such person is entitled to remuneration for professional services as if that director or officer were not a director or officer.

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17.8       Director or Officer in Other Corporations

A director or officer may be or become a director, officer or employee of, or otherwise interested in, any person in which the Company may be interested as a shareholder or otherwise, and, subject to the Business Corporations Act , the director or officer is not accountable to the Company for any remuneration or other benefits received by him or her as director, officer or employee of, or from his or her interest in, such other person.

18.        P ROCEEDINGS OF D IRECTORS

18.1     Meetings of Directors

The directors may meet together for the conduct of business, adjourn and otherwise regulate their meetings as they think fit, and meetings of the directors held at regular intervals may be held at the place, at the time and on the notice, if any, as the directors may from time to time determine.

18.2       Voting at Meetings

Questions arising at any meeting of directors are to be decided by a majority of votes and, in the case of an equality of votes, the chair of the meeting does not have a second or casting vote.

18.3       Chair of Meetings

The following individual is entitled to preside as chair at a meeting of directors:

  (a)

the chair of the board, if any;

       
  (b)

in the absence of the chair of the board, the president, if any, if the president is a director; or

       
  (c)

any other director chosen by the directors if:

       
  (1)

neither the chair of the board nor the president, if a director, is present at the meeting within 15 minutes after the time set for holding the meeting;

       
  (2)

neither the chair of the board nor the president, if a director, is willing to chair the meeting; or

       
  (3)

the chair of the board and the president, if a director, have advised the secretary, if any, or any other director, that they will not be present at the meeting.

18.4     Meetings by Telephone or Other Communications Medium

A director may participate in a meeting of the directors or of any committee of the directors:

  (a)

in person;

     
  (b)

by telephone; or

     
  (c)

with the consent of all directors, by other communications medium;

if all directors participating in the meeting, whether in person or by telephone or other communications medium, are able to communicate with each other. A director who participates in a meeting in a manner contemplated by this Article 18.4 is deemed for all purposes of the Business Corporations Act and these Articles to be present at the meeting and to have agreed to participate in that manner .

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18.5       Calling of Meetings

A director may, and the president, secretary or an assistant secretary of the Company, if any, on the request of a director must, call a meeting of the directors at any time.

18.6     Notice of Meetings

Other than for meetings held at regular intervals as determined by the directors pursuant to Article 18.1, reasonable notice of each meeting of the directors, specifying the place, day and time of that meeting must be given to each of the directors and the alternate directors by any method set out in Article 24.1 or orally or by telephone.

18.7     When Notice Not Required

It is not necessary to give notice of a meeting of the directors to a director or an alternate director if:

  (a)

the meeting is to be held immediately following a meeting of shareholders at which that director was elected or appointed, or is the meeting of the directors at which that director is appointed; or

     
  (b)

the director or alternate director, as the case may be, has waived notice of the meeting.

18.8       Meeting Valid Despite Failure to Give Notice

The accidental omission to give notice of any meeting of directors to, or the non-receipt of any notice by, any director or alternate director, does not invalidate any proceedings at that meeting.

18.9      Waiver of Notice of Meetings

Any director or alternate director may send to the Company a document signed by him or her waiving notice of any past, present or future meeting or meetings of the directors and may at any time withdraw that waiver with respect to meetings held after that withdrawal. After sending a waiver with respect to all future meetings and until that waiver is withdrawn, no notice of any meeting of the directors need be given to that director and, unless the director otherwise requires by notice in writing to the Company, to his or her alternate director, and all meetings of the directors so held are deemed not to be improperly called or constituted by reason of notice not having been given to such director or alternate director. Attendance of a director or alternate director is a waiver of notice of the meeting unless that director or alternate director attends the meeting for the express purpose of objecting to the transaction of any business on the grounds that the meeting is not lawfully called.

18.10    Quorum

The quorum necessary for the transaction of the business of the directors may be set by the directors and, if not so set, is deemed to be set at a majority of the directors then in office or, if the number of directors is set at one, is deemed to be set at one director, and that director may constitute a meeting.

18.11    Validity of Acts Where Appointment Defective

Subject to the Business Corporations Act , an act of a director or officer is not invalid merely because of an irregularity in the election or appointment or a defect in the qualification of that director or officer.

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18.12    Consent Resolutions in Writing

A resolution of the directors or of any committee of the directors consented to in writing by all of the directors entitled to vote on it, whether by signed document, fax, e-mail or any other method of transmitting legibly recorded messages, is as valid and effective as if it had been passed at a meeting of the directors or of the committee of the directors duly called and held. Such resolution may be in two or more counterparts which together are deemed to constitute one resolution in writing. A resolution passed in that manner is effective on the date stated in the resolution or on the latest date stated on any counterpart. A resolution of the directors or of any committee of the directors passed in accordance with this Article 18.12 is deemed to be a proceeding at a meeting of directors or of the committee of the directors and to be as valid and effective as if it had been passed at a meeting of the directors or of the committee of the directors that satisfies all the requirements of the Business Corporations Act and all the requirements of these Articles relating to meetings of the directors or of a committee of the directors.

19.        E XECUTIVE AND O THER C OMMITTEES

19.1       Appointment and Powers of Executive Committee

The directors may, by resolution, appoint an executive committee consisting of the director or directors that they consider appropriate, and this committee has, during the intervals between meetings of the board of directors, all of the directors’ powers, except:

  (a)

the power to fill vacancies in the board of directors;

     
  (b)

the power to remove a director;

     
  (c)

the power to change the membership of, or fill vacancies in, any committee of the directors; and

     
  (d)

such other powers, if any, as may be set out in the resolution or any subsequent directors’ resolution.

19.2       Appointment and Powers of Other Committees

The directors may, by resolution:

  (a)

appoint one or more committees (other than the executive committee) consisting of the director or directors that they consider appropriate;

       
  (b)

delegate to a committee appointed under paragraph (a) any of the directors’ powers, except:

       
  (1)

the power to fill vacancies in the board of directors;

       
  (2)

the power to remove a director;

       
  (3)

the power to change the membership of, or fill vacancies in, any committee of the directors; and

       
  (4)

the power to appoint or remove officers appointed by the directors; and

       
  (c)

make any delegation referred to in paragraph (b) subject to the conditions set out in the resolution or any subsequent directors’ resolution.

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19.3     Obligations of Committees

Any committee appointed under Articles 19.1 or 19.2, in the exercise of the powers delegated to it, must:

  (a)

conform to any rules that may from time to time be imposed on it by the directors; and

     
  (b)

report every act or thing done in exercise of those powers at such times as the directors may require.

19.4       Powers of Board

The directors may, at any time, with respect to a committee appointed under Articles 19.1 or 19.2:

  (a)

revoke or alter the authority given to the committee, or override a decision made by the committee, except as to acts done before such revocation, alteration or overriding;

     
  (b)

terminate the appointment of, or change the membership of, the committee; and

     
  (c)

fill vacancies in the committee.

19.5       Committee Meetings

Subject to Article 19.3(a) and unless the directors otherwise provide in the resolution appointing the committee or in any subsequent resolution, with respect to a committee appointed under Articles 19.1 or 19.2:

  (a)

the committee may meet and adjourn as it thinks proper;

     
  (b)

the committee may elect a chair of its meetings but, if no chair of a meeting is elected, or if at a meeting the chair of the meeting is not present within 15 minutes after the time set for holding the meeting, the directors present who are members of the committee may choose one of their number to chair the meeting;

     
  (c)

a majority of the members of the committee constitutes a quorum of the committee; and

     
  (d)

questions arising at any meeting of the committee are determined by a majority of votes of the members present, and in case of an equality of votes, the chair of the meeting does not have a second or casting vote.

20.         O FFICERS

20.1     Directors May Appoint Officers

The directors may, from time to time, appoint such officers, if any, as the directors determine and the directors may, at any time, terminate any such appointment.

20.2       Functions, Duties and Powers of Officers

The directors may, for each officer:

  (a)

determine the functions and duties of the officer;

     
  (b)

entrust to and confer on the officer any of the powers exercisable by the directors on such terms and conditions and with such restrictions as the directors think fit; and

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  (c)

revoke, withdraw, alter or vary all or any of the functions, duties and powers of the officer.

20.3       Qualifications

No officer may be appointed unless that officer is qualified in accordance with the Business Corporations Act . One person may hold more than one position as an officer of the Company. Any person appointed as the chair of the board or as a managing director must be a director. Any other officer need not be a director.

20.4     Remuneration and Terms of Appointment

All appointments of officers are to be made on the terms and conditions and at the remuneration (whether by way of salary, fee, commission, participation in profits or otherwise) that the directors think fit and are subject to termination at the pleasure of the directors, and an officer may in addition to such remuneration be entitled to receive, after he or she ceases to hold such office or leaves the employment of the Company, a pension or gratuity.

21.        I NDEMNIFICATION

21.1     Definitions

In this Article 21:

  (a)

“eligible penalty” means a judgment, penalty or fine awarded or imposed in, or an amount paid in settlement of, an eligible proceeding;

       
  (b)

“eligible proceeding” means a legal proceeding or investigative action, whether current, threatened, pending or completed, in which a director, former director or alternate director of the Company (an “eligible party”) or any of the heirs and legal personal representatives of the eligible party, by reason of the eligible party being or having been a director or alternate director of the Company:

       
  (1)

is or may be joined as a party; or

       
  (2)

is or may be liable for or in respect of a judgment, penalty or fine in, or expenses related to, the proceeding;

       
  (c)

“expenses” has the meaning set out in the Business Corporations Act .

21.2       Mandatory Indemnification of Eligible Parties

Subject to the Business Corporations Act , the Company must indemnify a director, former director or alternate director of the Company and his or her heirs and legal personal representatives against all eligible penalties to which such person is or may be liable, and the Company must, after the final disposition of an eligible proceeding, pay the expenses actually and reasonably incurred by such person in respect of that proceeding. Each director and alternate director is deemed to have contracted with the Company on the terms of the indemnity contained in this Article 21.2.

21.3       Indemnification of Other Persons

Subject to any restrictions in the Business Corporations Act , the Company may indemnify any person.

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21.4       Non-Compliance with Business Corporations Act

The failure of a director, alternate director or officer of the Company to comply with the Business Corporations Act or, these Articles or, if applicable, any former Companies Act or former Articles does not invalidate any indemnity to which he or she is entitled under this Part.

21.5       Company May Purchase Insurance

The Company may purchase and maintain insurance for the benefit of any person (or his or her heirs or legal personal representatives) who:

  (a)

is or was a director, alternate director, officer, employee or agent of the Company;

     
  (b)

is or was a director, alternate director, officer, employee or agent of a corporation at a time when the corporation is or was an affiliate of the Company;

     
  (c)

at the request of the Company, is or was a director, alternate director, officer, employee or agent of a corporation or of a partnership, trust, joint venture or other unincorporated entity;

     
  (d)

at the request of the Company, holds or held a position equivalent to that of a director, alternate director or officer of a partnership, trust, joint venture or other unincorporated entity;

against any liability incurred by him or her as such director, alternate director, officer, employee or agent or person who holds or held such equivalent position.

22.         D IVIDENDS

22.1     Payment of Dividends Subject to Special Rights

The provisions of this Article 22 are subject to the rights, if any, of shareholders holding shares with special rights as to dividends.

22.2       Declaration of Dividends

Subject to the Business Corporations Act , the directors may from time to time declare and authorize payment of such dividends as they may deem advisable.

22.3       No Notice Required

The directors need not give notice to any shareholder of any declaration under Article 22.2.

22.4     Record Date

The directors may set a date as the record date for the purpose of determining shareholders entitled to receive payment of a dividend. The record date must not precede the date on which the dividend is to be paid by more than two months. If no record date is set, the record date is 5 p.m. on the date on which the directors pass the resolution declaring the dividend.

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22.5       Manner of Paying Dividend

A resolution declaring a dividend may direct payment of the dividend wholly or partly in money or by the distribution of specific assets or of fully paid shares or of bonds, debentures or other securities of the Company or any other corporation, or in any one or more of those ways.

22.6       Settlement of Difficulties

If any difficulty arises in regard to a distribution under Article 22.5, the directors may settle the difficulty as they deem advisable, and, in particular, may:

  (a)

set the value for distribution of specific assets;

     
  (b)

determine that cash payments in substitution for all or any part of the specific assets to which any shareholders are entitled may be made to any shareholders on the basis of the value so fixed in order to adjust the rights of all parties; and

     
  (c)

vest any such specific assets in trustees for the persons entitled to the dividend.

22.7     When Dividend Payable

Any dividend may be made payable on such date as is fixed by the directors.

22.8       Dividends to be Paid in Accordance with Number of Shares

All dividends on shares of any class or series of shares must be declared and paid according to the number of such shares held.

22.9       Receipt by Joint Shareholders

If several persons are joint shareholders of any share, any one of them may give an effective receipt for any dividend, bonus or other money payable in respect of the share.

22.10    Dividend Bears No Interest

No dividend bears interest against the Company.

22.11    Fractional Dividends

If a dividend to which a shareholder is entitled includes a fraction of the smallest monetary unit of the currency of the dividend, that fraction may be disregarded in making payment of the dividend and that payment represents full payment of the dividend.

22.12    Payment of Dividends

Any dividend or other distribution payable in cash in respect of shares may be paid by cheque, made payable to the order of the person to whom it is sent, and mailed to the registered address of the shareholder, or in the case of joint shareholders, to the registered address of the joint shareholder who is first named on the central securities register, or to the person and to the registered address the shareholder or joint shareholders may direct in writing. The mailing of such cheque will, to the extent of the sum represented by the cheque (plus the amount of the tax required by law to be deducted), discharge all liability for the dividend unless such cheque is not paid on presentation or the amount of tax so deducted is not paid to the appropriate taxing authority.

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22.13    Capitalization of Retained Earnings or Surplus

Notwithstanding anything contained in these Articles, the directors may from time to time capitalize any retained earnings or surplus of the Company and may from time to time issue, as fully paid, shares or any bonds, debentures or other securities of the Company as a dividend representing the retained earnings or surplus so capitalized or any part thereof.

23.        D OCUMENTS , R ECORDS AND R EPORTS

23.1       Recording of Financial Affairs

The directors must cause adequate accounting records to be kept to record properly the financial affairs and condition of the Company and to comply with the Business Corporations Act .

23.2       Inspection of Accounting Records

Unless the directors determine otherwise, or unless otherwise determined by ordinary resolution, no shareholder of the Company is entitled to inspect or obtain a copy of any accounting records of the Company.

24.        N OTICES

24.1       Method of Giving Notice

Unless the Business Corporations Act or these Articles provides otherwise, a notice, statement, report or other record required or permitted by the Business Corporations Act or these Articles to be sent by or to a person may be sent by any one of the following methods:

  (a)

mail addressed to the person at the applicable address for that person as follows:

       
  (1)

for a record mailed to a shareholder, the shareholder’s registered address;

       
  (2)

for a record mailed to a director or officer, the prescribed address for mailing shown for the director or officer in the records kept by the Company or the mailing address provided by the recipient for the sending of that record or records of that class;

       
  (3)

in any other case, the mailing address of the intended recipient;

       
  (b)

delivery at the applicable address for that person as follows, addressed to the person:

       
  (1)

for a record delivered to a shareholder, the shareholder’s registered address;

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  (2)

for a record delivered to a director or officer, the prescribed address for delivery shown for the director or officer in the records kept by the Company or the delivery address provided by the recipient for the sending of that record or records of that class;

     
  (3)

in any other case, the delivery address of the intended recipient;


  (c)

sending the record by fax to the fax number provided by the intended recipient for the sending of that record or records of that class;

     
  (d)

sending the record by email to the email address provided by the intended recipient for the sending of that record or records of that class;

     
  (e)

physical delivery to the intended recipient; and

     
  (f)

delivery in such other manner as may be approved by the directors and reasonably evidenced.

24.2       Deemed Receipt of Mailing

               A notice, statement, report or other record that is:

  (a)

mailed to a person by ordinary mail to the applicable address for that person referred to in Article 24.1 is deemed to be received by the person to whom it was mailed on the day, (Saturdays, Sundays and holidays excepted), following the date of mailing;

     
  (b)

faxed to a person to the fax number provided by that person referred to in Article 24.1 is deemed to be received by the person to whom it was faxed on the day it was faxed; and

     
  (c)

e-mailed to a person to the e-mail address provided by that person referred to in Article 24.1 is deemed to be received by the person to whom it was e-mailed on the day it was e-mailed.

24.3     Certificate of Sending

A certificate signed by the secretary, if any, or other officer of the Company or of any other corporation acting in that capacity on behalf of the Company stating that a notice, statement, report or other record was sent in accordance with Article 24.1 is conclusive evidence of that fact.

24.4     Notice to Joint Shareholders

A notice, statement, report or other record may be provided by the Company to the joint shareholders of a share by providing the notice to the joint shareholder first named in the central securities register in respect of the share.

24.5       Notice to Legal Personal Representatives and Trustees

A notice, statement, report or other record may be provided by the Company to the persons entitled to a share in consequence of the death, bankruptcy or incapacity of a shareholder by:

  (a)

mailing the record, addressed to them:


  (1)

by name, by the title of the legal personal representative of the deceased or incapacitated shareholder, by the title of trustee of the bankrupt shareholder or by any similar description; and

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  (2)

at the address, if any, supplied to the Company for that purpose by the persons claiming to be so entitled; or


  (b)

if an address referred to in paragraph (a)(2) has not been supplied to the Company, by giving the notice in a manner in which it might have been given if the death, bankruptcy or incapacity had not occurred.

24.6       Undelivered Notices

If any record sent to a shareholder pursuant to Article 24.1 is returned on two consecutive occasions because the shareholder cannot be located, the Company shall not be required to send any further records to the shareholder until the shareholder informs the Company in writing of his or her new address.

25.        S EAL

25.1       Who May Attest Seal

Except as provided in Articles 25.2 and 25.3, the Company’s seal, if any, must not be impressed on any record except when that impression is attested by the signatures of:

  (a)

any two directors;

     
  (b)

any officer, together with any director;

     
  (c)

if the Company only has one director, that director; or

     
  (d)

any one or more directors or officers or persons as may be determined by the directors.

25.2       Sealing Copies

For the purpose of certifying under seal a certificate of incumbency of the directors or officers of the Company or a true copy of any resolution or other document, despite Article 25.1, the impression of the seal may be attested by the signature of any director or officer or the signature of any other person as may be determined by the directors.

25.3     Mechanical Reproduction of Seal

The directors may authorize the seal to be impressed by third parties on share certificates or bonds, debentures or other securities of the Company as they may determine appropriate from time to time. To enable the seal to be impressed on any share certificates or bonds, debentures or other securities of the Company, whether in definitive or interim form, on which facsimiles of any of the signatures of the directors or officers of the Company are, in accordance with the Business Corporations Act or these Articles, printed or otherwise mechanically reproduced, there may be delivered to the person employed to engrave, lithograph or print such definitive or interim share certificates or bonds, debentures or other securities one or more unmounted dies reproducing the seal and the chair of the board or any senior officer together with the secretary, treasurer, secretary-treasurer, an assistant secretary, an assistant treasurer or an assistant secretary-treasurer may in writing authorize such person to cause the seal to be impressed on such definitive or interim share certificates or bonds, debentures or other securities by the use of such dies. Share certificates or bonds, debentures or other securities to which the seal has been so impressed are for all purposes deemed to be under and to bear the seal impressed on them.

MORTON & COMPANY

Page 39 of 41


26.         M ECHANICAL R EPRODUCTIONS OF S IGNATURES

26.1       Instruments may be Mechanically Signed

The signature of any officer, director, registrar, branch registrar, transfer agent or branch transfer agent of the Company, unless otherwise required by the Business Corporations Act or by these Articles, may, if authorized by the directors, be printed, lithographed, engraved or otherwise mechanically reproduced upon all instruments executed or issued by the Company or any officer thereof; and any instrument on which the signature of any such person is so reproduced shall be deemed to have been manually signed by such person whose signature is so reproduced and shall be as valid to all intents and purposes as if such instrument had been signed manually, and notwithstanding that the person whose signature is so reproduced may have ceased to hold the office that he is stated on such instrument to hold at the date or issue of such instrument.

26.2     Definitions of Instruments

The term "instrument" as used in Article 26.1 shall include deeds, mortgages, hypothecs, charges, conveyances, transfers and assignments of property, real or personal, agreements, releases, receipts and discharges for the payment of money or other obligations, shares and share warrants of the Company, bonds, debentures and other debt obligations of the Company, and all paper writings.

27.        P ROHIBITIONS

27.1     Definitions

In this Article 27:

  (a)

“designated security” means:

       
  (1)

a voting security of the Company;

       
  (2)

a security of the Company that is not a debt security and that carries a residual right to participate in the earnings of the Company or, on the liquidation or winding up of the Company, in its assets; or

       
  (3)

a security of the Company convertible, directly or indirectly, into a security described in paragraph (a) or (b);

       
  (b)

“security” has the meaning assigned in the Securities Act (British Columbia);

       
  (c)

“voting security” means a security of the Company that:

       
  (1)

is not a debt security, and

       
  (2)

carries a voting right either under all circumstances or under some circumstances that have occurred and are continuing.

MORTON & COMPANY

Page 40 of 41


27.2       Application

Article 27.3 does not apply to the Company if and for so long as it is a:

  (a)

public company; or

     
  (b)

a pre-existing reporting company which has the Statutory Reporting Company Provisions as part of its Articles or to which the Statutory Reporting Company Provisions apply.

27.3       Consent Required for Transfer of Shares or Designated Securities

No share or designated security may be sold, transferred or otherwise disposed of without the consent of the directors and the directors are not required to give any reason for refusing to consent to any such sale, transfer or other disposition.

The foregoing constitute the Articles of the Company Date of signing

/s/ George Putnam
President

June 29, 2010

MORTON & COMPANY

Page 41 of 41



(FORMERLY GOLDEN PREDATOR MINES INC.)

STOCK OPTION PLAN

March 4, 2008
Amended April 10, 2008


TABLE OF CONTENTS

  PAGE
   
ARTICLE I 1
     
DEFINITIONS AND INTERPRETATION 1
     
1.1 Definitions 1
1.2 Choice of Law 3
1.3 Headings 3
     
ARTICLE II 3
     
PURPOSE AND PARTICIPATION 3
     
2.1 Purpose 3
2.2 Participation 3
2.3 Notification of Award 4
2.4 Copy of Plan 4
2.5 Limitation 4
     
ARTICLE III 4
     
TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF OPTIONS 4
     
3.1 Board to Allot Shares 4
3.2 Number of Shares 4
3.3 Exercise Price 4
3.4 Term of Option 5
3.5 Termination of Option 5
3.6 Vesting 6
3.7 Effect of a Take-Over Bid 6
3.8 Acceleration of Expiry Date 7
3.9 Effect of a Change of Control 7
3.10 Assignment of Options 7
3.11 Adjustments 7
     
ARTICLE IV 7
     
EXERCISE OF OPTION 7
     
4.1 Exercise of Option 7
4.2 Issue of Share Certificates 8
4.3 Condition of Issue 8
     
ARTICLE V 8
     
STOCK APPRECIATION RIGHTS 8
     
5.1 Stock Appreciation Rights 8
5.2 Stock Appreciation Rights Tied to Options 8
5.3 Terms of Stock Appreciation Rights 8
5.4 Exercise of Stock Appreciation Rights 8


- 2 –

ARTICLE VI 9
   
BONUSES 9
   
6.1 Grant of Bonus 9
6.2 Number of Shares 9
   
ARTICLE VII 9
   
ADMINISTRATION 9
   
7.1 Administration 9
7.2 Interpretation 9
   
ARTICLE VIII 10
   
AMENDMENT AND TERMINATION 10
   
8.1 Prospective Amendment 10
8.2 Retrospective Amendment 10
8.3 Termination 10
8.4 Agreement 10
   
ARTICLE IX 10
   
APPROVALS REQUIRED FOR PLAN 10
   
9.1 Substantive Amendments to Plan 10


STOCK OPTION PLAN

ARTICLE I

DEFINITIONS AND INTERPRETATION

1.1                    Definitions

As used herein, unless anything in the subject matter or context is inconsistent therewith, the following terms shall have the meanings set forth below:

  (a)

“Administrator” means, initially, the secretary of the Company and thereafter shall mean such director or other senior officer or employee of the Company as may be designated as Administrator by the Board from time to time;

       
  (b)

“affiliate” has the meaning ascribed thereto in the Securities Act (British Columbia);

       
  (c)

“associate” has the meaning ascribed thereto in the Securities Act (British Columbia);

       
  (d)

“Award Date” means the date on which the Board grants and announces a particular Option;

       
  (e)

“Board” means the board of directors of the Company;

       
  (f)

“Change of Control” means the acquisition by any person or by any person and a joint actor, whether directly or indirectly, of voting securities of the Company, which, when added to all other voting securities of the Company at the time held by such person or by such person and a joint actor, totals for the first time not less than fifty percent (50%) of the outstanding voting securities of the Company or the votes attached to those securities are sufficient, if exercised, to elect a majority of the board of Directors of the Company;

       
  (g)

“Company” means EMC Metals Corp. (formerly Golden Predator Mines Inc.);

       
  (h)

“Consultant” means an individual or Consultant Company, other than an Employee or a Director of the Company, that:

       
  (i)

is engaged to provide services to the Company or to an affiliate of the Company, other than services provided in relation to a distribution; and

       
  (ii)

spends or will spend a significant amount of time and attention on the affairs and business of the Company or an affiliate of the Company;

       
  (i)

“Consultant Company” means, for an individual consultant, a company which the individual consultant is an employee or shareholder;

       
  (j)

“Director” means any individual holding the office of director or officer of the Company or an affiliate of the Company;

       
  (k)

“Employee” means:



- 2 -

  (i)

an individual who is considered an employee of the Company or its subsidiary under the Income Tax Act (Canada) (i.e. for whom income tax, employment insurance and CPP deductions must be made at source);

     
  (ii)

an individual who works full-time for the Company or its subsidiary providing services normally provided by an employee and who is subject to the same control and direction by the Company over the details and methods of work, as an employee of the Company, but for whom income tax deductions are not made at source; or

     
  (iii)

an individual who works part-time for the Company or its subsidiary on a continuing and regular basis providing services normally provided by an employee and who is subject to the same control and direction by the Company over the details and methods of work as an employee of the Company, but for whom income tax deductions are not made at source;


  (l)

“Exchange” means such exchange or quotation system on which the Shares may be listed or quoted for trading;

       
  (m)

“Exercise Notice” means the notice respecting the exercise of an Option, in the form set out as Schedule “B” hereto, duly executed by the Option Holder;

       
  (n)

“Exercise Period” means the period during which a particular Option may be exercised and is the period from and including the Award Date through to and including the Expiry Date, subject to the provisions of the Plan relating to the vesting of Options;

       
  (o)

“Exercise Price” means the price at which an Option may be exercised as determined in accordance with paragraph 3.3;

       
  (p)

“Expiry Date” means the date determined in accordance with paragraphs 3.4 and 3.8 and after which a particular Option cannot be exercised;

       
  (q)

“insider” has meaning ascribed thereto in the Securities Act (British Columbia);

       
  (r)

“Option” means an option to acquire Shares, awarded to a Director, Employee or Consultant pursuant to the Plan;

       
  (s)

“Option Certificate” means the certificate, substantially in the form set out as Schedule “A” hereto, evidencing an Option;

       
  (t)

“Option Holder” means a Director, Employee or Consultant, or a former Director, Employee or Consultant, who holds an unexercised and unexpired Option or, where applicable, the Personal Representative of such person;

       
  (u)

“Plan” means this EMC Metals Corp. (Golden Predator Mines Inc.) stock option plan dated April 10, 2008;

       
  (v)

“Personal Representative” means:

       
  (i)

in the case of a deceased Option Holder, the executor (or the administrator of the deceased duly appointed by a court or public authority having jurisdiction to do so); and



- 3 -

  (ii)

in the case of an Option Holder who for any reason is unable to manage his or her affairs, the person entitled by law to act on behalf of such Option Holder;


  (w)

“Securities Act” means the Securities Act , R.S.B.C. 1996, c.418, as amended, as at the date hereof; and

     
  (x)

“Share” or “Shares” means, as the case may be, one or more common shares without par value in the capital of the Company.

1.2                    Choice of Law

The Plan is established under and the provisions of the Plan shall be interpreted and construed in accordance with the laws of the Province of British Columbia.

1.3                    Headings

The headings used herein are for convenience only and are not to affect the interpretation of the Plan.

ARTICLE II

PURPOSE AND PARTICIPATION

2.1                    Purpose

The purpose of the Plan is to provide the Company with a share-related mechanism to attract, retain and motivate qualified Directors, Employees and Consultants, to reward such of those Directors, Employees and Consultants as may be awarded Options under the Plan by the Board from time to time for their contributions toward the long term goals of the Company and to enable and encourage such Directors, Employees and Consultants to acquire Shares as long term investments.

2.2                    Participation

The Board shall, from time to time, in its sole discretion determine those Directors, Employees and Consultants, if any, to whom Options are to be awarded. If the Board elects to award an Option to a Director, the Board shall, in its sole discretion but subject to paragraph 3.2, determine the number of Shares to be acquired on the exercise of such Option. If the Board elects to award an Option to an Employee or Consultant, the number of Shares to be acquired on the exercise of such Option shall be determined by the Board in its sole discretion, and in so doing the Board may take into account the following criteria:

  (a)

the remuneration paid to the Employee or Consultant as at the Award Date in relation to the total remuneration payable by the Company to all of its Employees and Consultants as at the Award Date;

     
  (b)

the length of time that the Employee or Consultant has been employed or engaged by the Company; and

     
  (c)

the quality of work performed by the Employee or Consultant.



- 4 -

2.3                    Notification of Award

Following the approval by the Board of the awarding of an Option, the Administrator shall notify the Option Holder of the award and may provide the Option Holder with an Option Certificate representing the Option so awarded.

2.4                    Copy of Plan

Each Option Holder, concurrently with the notice of the award of the Option, shall be provided with a copy of the Plan, unless a copy has been previously provided to the Option Holder. A copy of any amendment to the Plan shall be promptly provided by the Administrator to each Option Holder.

2.5                    Limitation

The Plan does not give any Option Holder that is a Director the right to serve or continue to serve as a Director of the Company nor does it give any Option Holder that is an Employee or Consultant the right to be or to continue to be employed or engaged by the Company.

ARTICLE III

TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF OPTIONS

3.1                   Board to Allot Shares

The Shares to be issued to Option Holders upon the exercise of Options shall be allotted and authorized for issuance by the Board prior to the exercise thereof.

3.2                    Number of Shares

The maximum number of Shares issuable under the Plan shall not exceed 15% of the Shares outstanding from time to time. Additionally, if at any time the Company is subject to restrictions on stock option grants prescribed by applicable securities laws or by an Exchange, the Company shall not grant Options which exceed such restrictions. Further, in no case shall:

  (b)

the aggregate number of options awarded within any one-year period to insiders under the Plan or any previously established and outstanding stock option plans or grants, exceed 10% of the issued Shares of the Company (calculated at the time of award); or

     
  (c)

the aggregate number of Shares reserved at any time for issuance to insiders upon the exercise of Options awarded under the Plan or any previously established and outstanding stock option plans or grants, exceed 10% of the issued Shares of the Company (calculated at the time of award).

If any Option is exercised or expires or otherwise terminates for any reason, the number of Shares in respect of which the Option is exercised or expired or terminated shall again be available for the purposes of the Plan.

3.3                    Exercise Price

The Exercise Price shall be that price per share, as determined by the Board in its sole discretion as of the Award Date, at which an Option Holder may purchase a Share upon the exercise of an Option, and shall not be less than:


- 5 -

  (a)

if the Company’s Shares are not listed for trading on an Exchange at the Award Date, the last price at which the Company’s Shares were issued prior to the Award Date; or

     
  (b)

if the Company’s Shares are listed for trading on an Exchange at the Award Date, the closing price of the Company’s Shares on the day immediately preceding the Award Date.

3.4                    Term of Option

Subject to paragraph 3.5, the Expiry Date of an Option shall be the date so fixed by the Board at the time the particular Option is awarded, provided that such date shall not be later than the fifth anniversary of the Award Date of the Option.

3.5                    Termination of Option

An Option Holder may, subject to any vesting provisions applicable to Options hereunder, exercise an Option in whole or in part at any time or from time to time during the Exercise Period provided that, with respect to the exercise of part of an Option, the Board may at any time and from time to time fix a minimum or maximum number of Shares in respect of which an Option Holder may exercise part of any Option held by such Option Holder. Any Option or part thereof not exercised within the Exercise Period shall terminate and become null, void and of no effect as of 5:00 p.m. local time in Vancouver, British Columbia, on the Expiry Date. The Expiry Date of an Option shall be the earlier of the date so fixed by the Board at the time the Option is awarded and the date established, if applicable, in sub-paragraphs (a) to (c) below (the “Early Termination Date”):

  (a)

Death

       
 

In the event that the Option Holder should die while he or she is still a Director (if he or she holds his or her Option as Director) or Employee or Consultant (if he or she holds his or her Option as Employee or Consultant), the Early Termination Date shall be twelve (12) months from the date of death of the Option Holder; or

       
  (b)

Ceasing to hold Office

       
 

In the event that the Option Holder holds his or her Option as Director of the Company and such Option Holder ceases to be a Director of the Company other than by reason of death, the Early Termination Date of the Option shall be 90 days from the date the Option Holder ceases to be a Director of the Company unless the Option Holder ceases to be a Director of the Company but continues to be engaged by the Company as an Employee, in which case the Expiry Date shall remain unchanged, or unless the Option Holder ceases to be a Director of the Company as a result of:

       
  (i)

ceasing to meet the qualifications set forth in the Business Corporations Act (British Columbia); or

       
  (ii)

a resolution having been passed by the shareholders of the Company pursuant to the Business Corporations Act (British Columbia) removing the Director as such; or

       
  (iii)

by order of any securities commission or the Exchange or any other regulatory body having jurisdiction to so order, in which case the Early Termination Date shall be the date the Option Holder ceases to be a Director of the Company.



- 6 -

  (c)

Ceasing to be Employed or a Consultant

       
 

In the event that the Option Holder holds his or her Option as an Employee or Consultant of the Company and such Option Holder ceases to be an Employee or Consultant of the Company other than by reason of death, the Early Termination Date of the Option shall be 90 days from the date the Option Holder ceases to be an Employee or Consultant of the Company unless the Option Holder ceases to be an Employee or Consultant of the Company as a result of:

       
  (i)

termination for cause or, in the case of a Consultant, breach of contract; or

       
  (ii)

by order of any securities commission or the Exchange or any other regulatory body having jurisdiction to so order,

       
 

in which case the Early Termination Date shall be the date the Option Holder ceases to be an

       
 

Employee or Consultant of the Company.

3.6                    Vesting

All Options granted pursuant to the Plan will be subject to such vesting requirements as may be prescribed by the Exchange, if applicable, or as may be imposed by the Board.

3.7                    Effect of a Take-Over Bid

If a bona fide offer (an “Offer”) for Shares is made to an Option Holder or to shareholders of the Company generally or to a class of shareholders which includes the Option Holder, which Offer, if accepted in whole or in part, would result in the offeror becoming a control person of the Company, within the meaning of the Securities Act, the Company shall, immediately upon receipt of notice of the Offer, notify each Option Holder of full particulars of the Offer, whereupon all Shares subject to Options will become vested and the Options may be exercised in whole or in part by each Option Holder so as to permit each Option Holder to tender the Shares received upon exercise of his Options, pursuant to the Offer. However, if:

  (a)

the Offer is not completed within the time specified therein; or

     
  (b)

all of the Shares acquired by the Option Holder on the exercise of his Option and tendered pursuant to the Offer are not taken up or paid for by the offeror in respect thereof,

then the Shares received upon the exercise of such Options, or in the case of clause (b) above, the Shares that are not taken up and paid for, may be returned by each Option Holder to the Company and reinstated as authorized but unissued Shares and with respect to such returned Shares, the Options shall be reinstated as if they had not been exercised and the terms upon which such Shares were to become vested pursuant to paragraph 3.6 shall be reinstated. If any Shares are returned to Company under this paragraph 3.7, the Company shall immediately refund the exercise price to the Option Holder for such Shares.


- 7 -

3.8                    Acceleration of Expiry Date

If at any time when an Option granted under the Plan remains unexercised and an Offer is made by an offeror, the Directors may, upon notifying each Option Holder of full particulars of the Offer, declare all Shares issuable upon the exercise of Options granted under the Plan, vested, and, notwithstanding paragraphs 3.4 and 3.5, may declare that the Expiry Date for the exercise of all unexercised Options granted under the Plan is accelerated so that all Options will either be exercised or will expire prior to the date upon which Shares must be tendered pursuant to the Offer.

3.9                    Effect of a Change of Control

If a Change of Control occurs, all Shares subject to each outstanding Option will become vested, whereupon all Options may be exercised in whole or in part by the Option Holders.

3.10                  Assignment of Options

Options may not be assigned or transferred, provided however that the Personal Representative of an Option Holder may, to the extent permitted by paragraph 4.1, exercise the Option within the Exercise Period.

3.11                  Adjustments

If prior to the complete exercise of any Option the Shares are consolidated, subdivided, converted, exchanged or reclassified or in any way substituted for (collectively the “Event”), an Option, to the extent that it has not been exercised, shall be adjusted by the Board in accordance with such Event in the manner the Board deems appropriate. No fractional Shares shall be issued upon the exercise of any Option and accordingly, if as a result of the Event, an Option Holder would become entitled to a fractional Share, such Option Holder shall have the right to purchase only the next lowest whole number of Shares and no payment or other adjustment will be made with respect to the fractional interest so disregarded. Additionally, no lots of Shares in an amount less than 500 Shares shall be issued upon the exercise of the Option unless such amount of Shares represents the balance left to be exercised under the Option.

ARTICLE IV

EXERCISE OF OPTION

4.1                    Exercise of Option

An Option may be exercised only by the Option Holder or the Personal Representative of any Option Holder. An Option Holder or the Personal Representative of any Option Holder may exercise an Option in whole or in part at any time or from time to time during the Exercise Period up to 5:00 p.m. local time in Vancouver, British Columbia on the Expiry Date by delivering to the Administrator an Exercise Notice, the applicable Option Certificate and a certified cheque or bank draft payable to the Company in an amount equal to the aggregate Exercise Price of the Shares to be purchased pursuant to the exercise of the Option.


- 8 -

4.2                    Issue of Share Certificates

As soon as practicable following the receipt of the Exercise Notice, the Administrator shall cause to be delivered to the Option Holder a certificate for the Shares purchased pursuant to the exercise of the Option. If the number of Shares purchased is less than the number of Shares subject to the Option Certificate surrendered, the Administrator shall forward a new Option Certificate to the Option Holder concurrently with delivery of the aforesaid share certificate for the balance of Shares available under the Option.

4.3                    Condition of Issue

The issue of Shares by the Company pursuant to the exercise of an Option is subject to this Plan and compliance with the laws, rules and regulations of all regulatory bodies applicable to the issuance and distribution of such Shares and to the listing requirements of any stock exchange or exchanges on which the Shares may be listed. The Option Holder agrees to comply with all such laws, rules and regulations and agrees to furnish to the Company any information, report and/or undertakings required to comply with and to fully cooperate with the Company in complying with such laws, rules and regulations.

ARTICLE V

STOCK APPRECIATION RIGHTS

5.1                    Stock Appreciation Rights

Any Option granted under this Plan may include a stock appreciation right, either at the time of grant or by adding it to an existing Option; subject, however, to the grant of such stock appreciation right being in compliance with the applicable regulations and policies of the Exchange.

5.2                    Stock Appreciation Rights Tied to Options

A stock appreciation right which may be granted pursuant to this Plan shall be exercisable to the extent, and only to the extent, the Option with which it is included is exercisable. To the extent that a stock appreciation right included in or attached to an Option granted hereunder is exercised, the Option to which it is included or attached shall be deemed to have been exercised to a similar extent.

5.3                    Terms of Stock Appreciation Rights

A stock appreciation right granted pursuant to this Plan shall entitle the Option Holder to elect to surrender to the Company, unexercised, the Option with which it is included, or any portion thereof, and to receive from the Company in exchange therefor that number of Shares, disregarding fractions, having an aggregate value equal to the excess of the value of one Share over the purchase price per Share specified in such Option, times the number of Shares called for by the Option, or portion thereof, which is so surrendered. The value of a Share shall be determined for these purposes, unless otherwise specified or permitted by applicable regulatory policies, based on the weighted average trading price per Share for the five trading days immediately preceding the date the notice provided for in section 5.1 hereof is received by the Company on the Exchange.

5.4                    Exercise of Stock Appreciation Rights

Subject to the provisions of the Plan, a stock appreciation right granted hereunder may be exercised from time to time by delivering to the Company the Exercise Notice.


- 9 -

ARTICLE VI

BONUSES

6.1                    Grant of Bonus

The Board shall have the right to determine and to grant Options to any Director or Employee, together with a corresponding right to be paid, in cash, an amount equal to the exercise price of such Options, subject to such provisos and restrictions as the Board may be determine, and subject to any applicable Exchange or other approvals, if required.

6.2                    Number of Shares

The Options granted as part of the bonus provided in section 6.1 shall be included in, and are not in addition to, the maximum number of Options which may be granted under this Plan from time to time.

ARTICLE VII

ADMINISTRATION

7.1                    Administration

The Plan shall be administered by the Administrator on the instructions of the Board. The Board may make, amend and repeal at any time and from time to time such regulations not inconsistent with the Plan as it may deem necessary or advisable for the proper administration and operation of the Plan and such regulations shall form part of the Plan. The Board may delegate to the Administrator or any Director, officer or employee of the Company such administrative duties and powers as it may see fit.

7.2                    Interpretation

The interpretation by the Board of any of the provisions of the Plan and any determination by it pursuant thereto shall be final and conclusive and shall not be subject to any dispute by any Option Holder. No member of the Board or any person acting pursuant to authority delegated by it hereunder shall be liable for any action or determination in connection with the Plan made or taken in good faith and each member of the Board and each such person shall be entitled to indemnification with respect to any such action or determination in the manner provided for by the Company.


- 10 -

ARTICLE VIII

AMENDMENT AND TERMINATION

8.1                    Prospective Amendment

Subject to applicable regulatory and, if required by any relevant law, rule or regulation applicable to the Plan, to shareholder approval, the Board may from time to time amend the Plan and the terms and conditions of any Option thereafter to be granted and, without limiting the generality of the foregoing, may make such amendment for the purpose of meeting any changes in any relevant law, rule or regulation applicable to the Plan, any Option or the Shares or for any other purpose which may be permitted by all relevant laws, rules and regulations provided always that any such amendment shall not alter the terms or conditions of any Option or impair any right of any Option Holder pursuant to any Option awarded prior to such amendment. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Board may, subject to the requirements of the Exchange, amend the terms upon which each Option shall become vested with respect to Shares without further approval of the Exchange, other regulatory bodies having authority over the Company or the Plan or the shareholders.

8.2                    Retrospective Amendment

Subject to applicable regulatory approval and, if required by any relevant law, rule or regulation applicable to the Plan, to shareholder approval, the Board may from time to time retrospectively amend the Plan and, with the consent of the affected Option Holders, retrospectively amend the terms and conditions of any Options which have been previously granted.

8.3                    Termination

The Board may terminate the Plan at any time provided that such termination shall not alter the terms or conditions of any Option or impair any right of any Option Holder pursuant to any Option awarded prior to the date of such termination. Notwithstanding the termination of the Plan, the Company, Options awarded under the Plan, Option Holders and Shares issuable under Options awarded under the Plan shall continue to be governed by the provisions of the Plan.

8.4                    Agreement

The Company and every person to whom an Option is awarded hereunder shall be bound by and subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan. This Plan repeals and replaces any stock option plan adopted by the Company prior to the date hereof and any options awarded under a prior plan, option holders and shares issuable under options awarded under a prior plan shall hereafter be governed by the provisions of this Plan.

ARTICLE IX

APPROVALS REQUIRED FOR PLAN

9.1                     Substantive Amendments to Plan

Any substantive amendments to the Plan shall be subject to the Company first obtaining the approvals, if required, of:

  (a)

the shareholders or disinterested shareholders, as the case may be, of the Company at general meeting where required by the rules and policies of the Exchange, or any stock exchange on which the Shares may then be listed for trading; and





SCHEDULE “A”

EMC METALS CORP.

STOCK OPTION PLAN

OPTION CERTIFICATE

This Certificate is issued pursuant to the provisions of EMC Metals Corp. (formerly Golden Predator Mines Inc.) (the “Company”) Stock Option Plan (the “Plan”) and evidences that _______________________ (the “Holder”) is the holder of an option (the “Option”) to purchase up to _________________common shares (the “Shares”) in the capital stock of the Company at a purchase price of $ ____________ per Share. Subject to the provisions of the Plan:

  (a)

the Award Date of this Option is _______________________________________; and

     
  (b)

the Expiry Date of this Option is ________________________________________.

The right to purchase Shares under the Option will vest in the Holder in increments over the term of the Option as follows:

Date Cumulative Number of Shares which may be Purchased
   
   
   
   

This Option may be exercised in accordance with its terms at any time and from time to time from and including the Award Date through to and including up to 5:00 local time in Vancouver, British Columbia on the Expiry Date, by delivery to the Administrator of the Plan an Exercise Notice, in the form provided in the Plan, together with this Certificate and a certified cheque or bank draft payable to the Company in an amount equal to the aggregate of the Exercise Price of the Shares in respect of which the Option is being exercised. If the Optionee is an employee or consultant, the Optionee confirms that it is a bona fide employee or consultant, as the case may be.

The foregoing Option has been awarded this _____day of __________________________________.

EMC METALS CORP.

 

Per: ____________________________________


SCHEDULE “B”

EXERCISE NOTICE

TO: The Administrator, Stock Option Plan
  c/o EMC METALS CORP.
  Suite 1100, 888 Dunsmuir Street
  Vancouver, BC V6C 3K4

1.                       EXERCISE OF OPTION

The undersigned hereby irrevocably gives notice, pursuant to the EMC Metals Corp. (the “Company”) Stock Option Plan (the “Plan”), of the exercise of the Option to acquire and hereby subscribes for (cross out inapplicable item):

(a)

all of the Shares; or

   
(b)

________________________  of the Shares, which are the subject of the option certificate attached hereto.

Calculation of total Exercise Price:

(i) number of Shares to be acquired on exercise:   ____________ shares  
         
(ii) times the Exercise Price per Share: $    
         
  Total Exercise Price, as enclosed herewith: $    

The undersigned tenders herewith a cheque or bank draft (circle one) in the amount of $ ___________________, payable to the Company in an amount equal to the total Exercise Price of the Shares, as calculated above.

2.

EXERCISE OF STOCK APPRECIATION RIGHT ( Complete only if exercising stock appreciation rights]

The undersigned hereby irrevocably gives notice, pursuant to the Plan, of the exercise of the stock appreciation right provided under the Plan and accordingly, wishes to receive such number of Shares as calculated in accordance with the Plan. As consideration for the Shares, the undersigned hereby agrees to cancel [cross out inapplicable item] :

(a)

all of the Rights; or

   
(b)

________________________ of the Rights.

2.                       DELIVERY OF SHARE CERTIFICATE

The Company is directed to deliver the share certificate evidencing the number of Shares to be issued to the undersigned pursuant to this Exercise Notice, to the undersigned at the following address:

____________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________

All the capitalized terms, unless otherwise defined in this Exercise Notice, will have the meaning provided in the Plan.

DATED the ____ day of ____________________________________.

     
Witness   Signature of Option Holder
     
Name of Witness (Print)   Name of Option Holder (Print)



_____________________________________________________

 

 

WARRANT INDENTURE

 

 

_____________________________________________________

 

Dated as of August 15, 2008

 

between

 

GOLDEN PREDATOR MINES INC.

 

- and -

 

OLYMPIA TRUST COMPANY

 

Providing for the issue of

Common Share Purchase Warrants

 

Vancouver, British Columbia


TABLE OF CONTENTS

ARTICLE 1.      INTERPRETATION 6
1.1 1.1 Definitions 6
1.2 1.2 Plurals and Gender 8
1.3 1.3 Saturdays, Sundays, Holidays, etc. 8
1.4 1.4 Governing Law 8
ARTICLE 2.      BENEFICIARIES 9
2.1 2.1 Beneficiaries 9
ARTICLE 3.      ISSUE AND DELIVERY OF WARRANTS 9
3.1 3.1 Authorized Number of Warrants 9
3.2 3.2 Terms of Warrants 9
3.3 3.3 Form of Warrant Certificates 10
3.4 3.4 Fractional Warrants 10
3.5 3.5 Execution of Warrant Certificates 10
3.6 3.6 Certification of Warrant Agent 10
3.7 3.7 Warrants To Rank Pari Passu 10
3.8 3.8 Ownership of Warrants 11
3.9 3.9 Mutilation, Loss, Theft or Destruction of Warrants 11
3.10 3.10 Exchange of Warrant Certificates 11
3.11 3.11 Replacement Warrant Certificates 12
3.12 3.12 Warrant Holder not a Shareholder 12
3.13 3.13 Warrant Registers and Transfer of Warrants 12
ARTICLE 4.      EXERCISE OF WARRANTS 13
4.1 4.1 Method of Exercise 13
4.2 4.2 Restrictions on Exercise and U.S. Restrictive Legend 13
4.3 4.3 Effect of Exercise of Warrants 15
4.4 4.4 Subscription for Less than Entitlement 15
4.5 4.5 Expiration of Warrants 15
4.6 4.6 Adjustment of Subscription Rights 15
4.7 4.7 Notice of Adjustment 19
4.8 4.8 Delay of Delivery in Certain Cases 19
4.9 4.9 Fractional Common Shares 19
4.10 4.10 Protection of the Warrant Agent 20
ARTICLE 5.      COVENANTS OF THE CORPORATION 20
5.1 5.1 General Covenants 20
5.2 5.2 Warrant Agent's Remuneration and Expenses 21
ARTICLE 6.      ENFORCEMENT 21
6.1 6.1 Suits by Warrant Holders 21
6.2 6.2 Warrant Agent May Institute All Proceedings 22
6.3 6.3 Immunity of Shareholders, etc. 22
6.4 6.4 Waiver of Default 22
ARTICLE 7.      MEETINGS OF WARRANT HOLDERS 23
7.1 7.1 Right to Convene Meeting 23
7.2 7.2 Notice 23
7.3 7.3 Chairman 23
7.4 7.4 Quorum 23
7.5 7.5 Power to Adjourn 24
7.6 7.6 Show of Hands 24
7.7 7.7 Poll 24
7.8 7.8 Voting 24
7.9 7.9 Regulations 24
7.10 7.10 Corporation and Warrant Agent may be Represented 25
7.11 7.11 Powers Exercisable by Extraordinary Resolution 25
7.12 7.12 Meaning of "Extraordinary Resolution" 27
7.13 7.13 Powers Cumulative 27



7.14 Minutes 27
7.15 Instruments in Writing 28
7.16 Binding Effect of Resolutions 28
7.17 Holdings By Corporation Disregarded 28
ARTICLE 8.      CONCERNING THE WARRANT AGENT 28
8.1 Conditions Precedent to Warrant Agent's Obligations to Act 28
8.2 Duty of Warrant Agent 29
8.3 Evidence 29
8.4 Experts and Advisers 30
8.5 Warrant Agent Not Required to Give Security 30
8.6 Protection of Warrant Agent 30
8.7 Replacement of Warrant Agent 32
8.8 Consolidation or Change of Name of Warrant Agent 32
8.9 Acceptance of Trust 33
8.10 Conflict of Interest 33
8.11 Warrant Agent Not Appointed Receiver 33
ARTICLE 9.      GENERAL 33
9.1 Supplemental Indentures 33
9.2 Documents, Moneys, etc. Held by Warrant Agent 34
9.3 Cancellation of Warrant Certificates 34
9.4 Satisfaction and Discharge 35
9.5 Notice to the Corporation 35
9.6 Notice to the Warrant Agent 35
9.7 Notice to Warrant Holders 35
9.8 Mail Service Interruption 36
9.9 Sole Benefit of Parties and Warrant Holders 37
9.10 Third Party Interests 37
9.11 Privacy Matters 37
9.12 Counterparts 37
9.13 Time of Essence 37
SCHEDULE “A”  


WARRANT INDENTURE

                                   This Warrant Trust Indenture is made as of the 15 th day of August, 2008,

B E T W E E N:

GOLDEN PREDATOR MINES INC. a corporation incorporated pursuant to the laws of British Columbia (hereinafter referred to as the "Corporation")

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OLYMPIA TRUST COMPANY, a trust company authorized to carry on business in the provinces of British Columbia and Alberta, Canada (hereinafter referred to as the "Warrant Agent")

                                   WHEREAS the Corporation's authorized capital currently consists of an unlimited amount of Common Shares ;

                                   AND WHEREAS the Corporation and Fury Explorations Ltd. (“Fury”) have entered into to a business combination by way of plan of arrangement pursuant to Sections 288 through 299 of the BCBCA, in which (1) the Corporation will issue 1/3 of a Common Share and 1/2 of a Warrant for every one common share in the capital of Fury held, and (2) Fury shall become a wholly owned subsidiary of the Corporation.

                                   AND WHEREAS each whole Warrant shall entitle the registered holder thereof to acquire one Common Share at a cost of CAD$3.35 for a period of three years from the Closing Date upon the terms and conditions herein set forth;

                                   AND WHEREAS all things necessary have been done and performed to make the Warrants legal, valid and binding upon the Corporation with the benefits and subject to the terms and conditions of this Indenture;

                                   AND WHEREAS the Corporation desires the Warrant Agent to act on behalf of the Corporation, and the Warrant Agent is willing to act, in connection with the issuance of Warrants and other matters as provided herein;

                                   NOW THEREFORE, THIS INDENTURE WITNESSES that for good and valuable consideration mutually given and received, the receipt and sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto agree as follows:

ARTICLE 1.                INTERPRETATION

1.1         Definitions

In this Indenture, including the recitals and schedules hereto and in all indentures supplemental hereto, the expressions below shall have the following meanings:

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  (a)

“Arrangement” the business combination of the Corporation and Fury pursuant to Sections 288 through 299 of the BCBCA and the Pre-Arrangement Agreement whereby on the Closing Date, the Corporation issues 1/3 of a Common Share and 1/2 of a Warrant for every one common share in the capital of Fury held, and Fury becomes a wholly owned subsidiary of the Corporation.

     
  (b)

“BCBCA” means the Business Corporations Act (British Columbia);

     
  (c)

"Business Day" means a day which is not a Saturday, Sunday or civic or statutory holiday in Vancouver, British Columbia;

     
  (d)

"Close of Business" means 4:30 p.m., Vancouver, British Columbia time;

     
  (e)

“Closing Date” means the effective date of the Arrangement, being a date as may be agreed to by the Corporation and Fury;

     
  (f)

"Common Share Certificate" means a certificate evidencing Common Shares issued and outstanding in the share capital of the Corporation;

     
  (g)

"Common Shares" means the common shares in the capital of the Corporation, as such shares exist at the Close of Business on the Closing Date of the Arrangement; provided that in the event of a change or a subdivision, redivision, reduction, combination or consolidation thereof, or successive such changes, subdivisions, redivisions, reductions, combinations or consolidations then, subject to adjustments, if any, having been made in accordance with the provisions of Section 4.6, "Common Shares" shall thereafter mean the shares resulting from such change, subdivision, redivision, reduction, combination or consolidation;

     
  (h)

"Corporation" means Golden Predator Mines Inc.;

     
  (i)

"counsel" means a barrister or solicitor or firm of barristers or solicitors (who may be counsel to the Corporation) acceptable to the Warrant Agent;

     
  (j)

" Current Market Price " per Common Share at any date shall be the simple average closing price per Common Share for such Common Shares for any 20 consecutive trading days (such 20 consecutive trading days being selected by the Corporation) ending not more than five trading days preceding such date on the TSX (or, if the Common Shares are not listed on such stock exchange, on such stock exchange on which such Common Shares are listed as may be selected for such purpose by the directors of the Corporation, or if such Common Shares are not listed on any stock exchange then on the over the counter market). If such Common Shares are not listed on any stock exchange or traded on an over the counter market, the Current Market Price shall be determined in good faith by the directors of the Corporation.

     
  (k)

"Dividends Paid in the Ordinary Course" means cash dividends declared payable on the Common Shares in any fiscal year of the Corporation to the extent that such cash dividends do not exceed, in the aggregate, the greatest of: (i) 200% of the aggregate amount of cash dividends declared payable by the Corporation on the Common Shares in its immediately preceding fiscal year; (ii) 300% of the arithmetic mean of the aggregate amounts of cash dividends declared payable by the Corporation on the Common Shares in its three immediately preceding fiscal years and; (iii) 100% of the aggregate consolidated net income of the Corporation, before extraordinary items, for its immediately preceding fiscal year;

- 5 -



  (l)

"Exercise Price" means the amount required to purchase Common Shares on the exercise of Warrants pursuant to the terms hereof being, subject to Article 5, the sum of CAD$3.35 per Common Share;

     
  (m)

"Expiry Date" means the date which is three years from the Closing Date;

     
  (n)

"Extraordinary Resolution" has the meaning given in Section 7.12;

     
  (o)

"Holder" or "Warrant Holder" means the registered holder for the time being of any of the Warrants;

     
  (p)

"Officers' Certificate" means a certificate signed by the President, Chief Financial Officer, Secretary or a duly authorized director of the Corporation;

     
  (q)

"Pre-Arrangement Agreement" means the agreement dated July 8, 2008 between the Corporation and Fury respecting the business combination of the companies pursuant to the Arrangement;

     
  (r)

“TSX” means the Toronto Stock Exchange;

     
  (s)

"Warrant Agent" means Olympia Trust Company or its successor and permitted assigns from time to time;

     
  (t)

"Warrants" means warrants issued, or authorized to be issued, hereunder for the purchase of Common Shares evidenced by Warrant Certificates;

     
  (u)

"Warrant Certificate" means a certificate evidencing Warrants issued and certified hereunder and substantially in the form set out in Schedule “A”;

     
  (v)

"Warrant Holders' Request" means an instrument in writing signed, or signed in counterparts, by the holders of not less than 25% of the aggregate number of Warrants outstanding at that time requesting the Warrant Agent to take some action or proceeding specified therein;

     
  (w)

"written order of the Corporation" means a written order, request, consent, or certificate and any other document signed in the name of the Corporation by any director or officer of the Corporation, and may consist of one or more instruments so executed; and

     
  (x)

"this Indenture", "hereto", "herein", "hereby", "hereunder", "hereof" and similar expressions mean or refer to this Indenture and any indenture, deed or instrument supplemental or ancillary hereto; and the expressions "Article", "Section", "subsection" and "clause" followed by a number mean and refer to the specified Article, Section, subsection and clause of this Indenture;

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1.2         Plurals and Gender

Words importing the singular number only shall include the plural and vice versa and words importing the masculine gender shall include the feminine gender and words importing persons shall include firms and corporations and vice versa.

1.3         Saturdays, Sundays, Holidays, etc.

If the date for the taking of any action under this Indenture falls on a Saturday, Sunday or a legal holiday, such action may be taken on the next succeeding day that is not a Saturday, Sunday or legal holiday, with the same force and effect as if made on the nominal date.

1.4         Governing Law

This Indenture and the Warrants shall be governed by the laws of the Province of British Columbia and the laws of Canada applicable therein and shall be treated in all respects as a British Columbia contract.

ARTICLE 2.                BENEFICIARIES

2.1         Beneficiaries

This Indenture is entered into with the Warrant Agent for the benefit of, and the Warrant Agent declares that it holds this Indenture and all rights, interests and benefits of this Indenture for, such persons, firms and corporations, and each of them, as become Holders of Warrants from time to time.

ARTICLE 3.                ISSUE AND DELIVERY OF WARRANTS

3.1         Authorized Number of Warrants

There are hereby authorized, created and issued an aggregate total of up to _____________________Warrants in connection with the Arrangement, such Warrant Certificates shall be executed by the Corporation and certified by or on behalf of the Warrant Agent, upon the written order of the Corporation, and delivered by the Warrant Agent to the Corporation in accordance with the written direction of the Corporation.

3.2         Terms of Warrants

  (a)

Subject to Section 3.2(b) each whole Warrant shall entitle the holder thereof to purchase one Common Share at any time until the Close of Business on the Expiry Date at a price per Common Share equal to the Exercise Price.

     
  (b)

The number of Common Shares which may be purchased pursuant to the Warrants and the Exercise Price shall be adjusted in the events and in the manner specified in ARTICLE 4.

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3.3         Form of Warrant Certificates

Warrant Certificates shall be issued in registered form and shall be substantially in the form set out in Schedule “A” hereto (except as hereinafter provided) with such additions, variations and deletions as may be permitted by the provisions of this Indenture and as may be agreed upon between the Corporation and the Warrant Agent, and numbered in such manner as the Corporation with the approval of the Warrant Agent may prescribe. All Warrant Certificates shall be dated the date of issue of the Warrants and shall, save as to denominations, be of like tenor and effect and when issued shall comply with the requirements of the TSX.

3.4         Fractional Warrants

No Warrant Certificate evidencing any fraction of a Warrant shall be issued. If any fraction of a Warrant would otherwise be issuable, the number of Warrants so issued shall be rounded down to the nearest whole Warrant.

3.5         Execution of Warrant Certificates

Warrant Certificates shall be signed by the President, Chief Financial Officer, Secretary or a duly authorized director of the Corporation and need not be under seal. A facsimile signature upon any of the Warrant Certificates shall for all purposes of this Indenture be deemed to be the signature of the person whose signature it purports to be and, notwithstanding that a person whose signature may appear on the Warrant Certificates is not at the date of this Indenture or at the date of the delivery of the Warrant Certificates an officer of the Corporation as aforesaid, the Warrants represented by such Warrant Certificates shall be valid and binding upon the Corporation.

3.6         Certification of Warrant Agent

No Warrant Certificate shall be issued or, if issued, shall be valid for any purpose whatsoever, or shall entitle the Holder thereof to any rights, until the Warrant Certificate has been certified by the Warrant Agent, such certificate to be substantially in the form set out in Schedule “A” or in such other form as may be approved by the Warrant Agent. The Warrant Certificates may be certified by an officer or agent of the Warrant Agent appointed by it for that purpose and any such signature on a Warrant Certificate shall be conclusive evidence that it is duly issued. The certificate of the Warrant Agent on a Warrant Certificate shall not be construed as a representation or warranty by the Warrant Agent as to the validity of this Indenture or of the Warrants represented thereby or as to the carrying out by the Corporation of its obligations under this Indenture and the Warrant Agent shall in no respect be liable or answerable for the use made of the Warrants, or any of them, or of the consideration therefor except as otherwise specified herein. The certification of the Warrant Agent on a Warrant Certificate shall, however, be a representation and warranty by the Warrant Agent that the Warrant Certificate has been duly certified by or on behalf of the Warrant Agent pursuant to the provisions of this Indenture.

3.7         Warrants To Rank Pari Passu

All Warrants will rank pari passu , whatever may be the actual dates of the issue of the Warrant Certificates by which the Warrants are evidenced.

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3.8         Ownership of Warrants

The Warrant Agent and the Corporation shall be entitled to treat the Holder of a Warrant Certificate as the absolute holder and owner of the Warrants represented thereby and neither the Warrant Agent nor the Corporation shall be charged with notice of or be bound to see to the execution of any trust whether express, implied or constructive, in respect of any Warrants. A Holder of a Warrant shall be entitled to the rights evidenced thereby free from all equities and rights of set-off or counterclaim between the Corporation and the original or any intermediate holder thereof and all persons may act accordingly, and the issuance thereto in accordance with the terms hereof will be a good discharge to the Corporation and the Warrant Agent therefor and neither the Corporation nor the Warrant Agent will be bound to inquire into the title of any such Holder.

3.9         Mutilation, Loss, Theft or Destruction of Warrants

  (a)

In case any of the Warrant Certificates issued and countersigned hereunder is mutilated or lost, destroyed or stolen, the Corporation, in its discretion, may issue and deliver a new Warrant Certificate of like date and tenor in exchange for and in place of the one mutilated, lost destroyed or stolen and upon surrender and cancellation of such mutilated Warrant Certificate or in lieu of and in substitution for such lost, destroyed or stolen Warrant Certificate and the substituted Warrant Certificate entitles the holder thereof to the benefits hereof and ranks equally in accordance with its terms with all other Warrants issued hereunder.

     
  (b)

The Warrant Holder applying for the issue of a new Warrant Certificate pursuant to this section shall bear the cost of the issue thereof and in case of loss, destruction or theft shall, as a condition precedent to the issue thereof, furnish to the Corporation such evidence of ownership and the loss, destruction or theft of the Warrant Certificate so lost, destroyed or stolen as is satisfactory to the Corporation in its discretion. The Corporation shall require such applicant to furnish an indemnity and surety bond in the amount and form satisfactory to the Corporation and the Warrant Agent in their discretion, and the applicant shall pay the reasonable charges of the Corporation and the Warrant Agent in connection therewith.

3.10       Exchange of Warrant Certificates

Warrant Certificates to purchase any specified number of Common Shares may, upon compliance with the reasonable requirements of the Warrant Agent, be exchanged for Warrant Certificates in other denominations entitling the Holder thereof to purchase an equal aggregate number of Common Shares. Warrant Certificates may be exchanged at the principal offices of the Warrant Agent in Vancouver, British Columbia. Except as otherwise herein provided, the Warrant Agent shall, charge to the Warrant Holder requesting an exchange a reasonable sum for each new Warrant Certificate issued; and payment of such charges and of any and all taxes or governmental or other charges required to be paid by the Warrant Holder requesting such exchange shall be made by such Holder as a condition precedent thereto.

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3.11        Replacement Warrant Certificates

Irrespective of any adjustments pursuant to ARTICLE 4, all replacement and exchanged Warrant Certificates shall express the number of Warrants evidenced thereby as if such Warrant Certificates were initially issued pursuant to Section 3.3.

3.12        Warrant Holder not a Shareholder

The holding of a Warrant evidenced by a Warrant Certificate does not make the Holder a shareholder of the Corporation nor does it entitle the Holder to any right or interest except as is expressly provided in this Indenture and in the Warrant Certificate.

3.13        Warrant Registers and Transfer of Warrants

The Corporation shall, at all times while any Warrants are outstanding, cause to be kept (i) by and at the principal office of the Warrant Agent in Vancouver, British Columbia, registers of Holders in which shall be entered the names and addresses of the Holders and particulars of the Warrants held by them respectively, and (ii) by and at the principal office of the Warrant Agent in Vancouver, British Columbia and in such other place or places and by the Warrant Agent or by such other registrar or registrars, if any, as the Corporation with the approval of the Warrant Agent may designate, registers of transfers in which shall be entered the particulars of all transfers of Warrants.

No transfer of a Warrant shall be valid unless made by the Holder or his executors or administrators or other legal representatives or his or their attorney duly appointed by an instrument in writing in form or in accordance with the form on the Warrant Certificate, and execution satisfactory to the Warrant Agent, upon compliance with such requirements as the Warrant Agent or other registrar may prescribe, and unless such transfer shall have been duly entered on one of the registers of transfers or noted on such Warrants by the Warrant Agent or other registrar.

The registers referred to in this Section 3.13 shall at all reasonable times be open for inspection by the Corporation, by the Warrant Agent and by any Warrant Holder. A Holder may at any time and from time to time have such Warrants transferred at any of the places at which a register of transfers is kept pursuant to the provisions of this Section 3.13, in accordance with such reasonable regulations as the Warrant Agent may prescribe.

Except in the case of the registers required to be kept in Vancouver, British Columbia, the Corporation, with the approval of the Warrant Agent, shall have power at any time to close any register of transfers and in that event shall transfer the records thereof to another existing register or to a new register. In the event that the register in any place is closed and the records transferred to a register kept in another place, notice of such change shall be given in the manner provided in Section 9.7 to the Holders registered in the register so closed.

The Warrant Agent shall, when requested to do so in writing by the Corporation, furnish the Corporation with a list of names and addresses of the Holders showing the amounts of such Warrants held by each Holder.

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ARTICLE 4.                EXERCISE OF WARRANTS

4.1         Method of Exercise

  (a)

The right to purchase Common Shares conferred by the Warrants may be exercised by the Holder surrendering the Warrant Certificate representing it, together with a duly completed and executed exercise form as set out on the back of the Warrant Certificate (the “Exercise Form”) and a certified cheque, bank draft or money order in lawful money of Canada payable to or to the order of the Corporation, in the amount of the aggregate Exercise Price in respect of the Common Shares subscribed for, to the Warrant Agent at its principal office in Vancouver, British Columbia; provided that no Warrants may be exercised after the Expiry Date. The Warrant Certificate and the aggregate Exercise Price shall be deemed to be duly surrendered pursuant to this Section 4.1 only upon personal delivery thereof or, if sent by mail or other means of transmission, upon actual receipt thereof by the Warrant Agent at its principal office in Vancouver, British Columbia or at such other place that is designated by the Corporation with the approval of the Warrant Agent.

     
  (b)

Such Exercise Form shall be signed by the Warrant Holder or the lawful attorney thereof and shall specify the number of Common Shares which the Holder desires to purchase (being not more than that number which the Holder is entitled to purchase pursuant to the Warrant Certificate surrendered), the name and address or names and addresses of the person or persons to whom such Common Shares are to be issued and the numbers of Common Shares to be issued to each such person if more than one person is so specified. If any of the Common Shares subscribed for are to be issued to a person or persons other than the Warrant Holder, the Warrant Holder shall pay all requisite transfer taxes or like charges.

4.2         Restrictions on Exercise and U.S. Restrictive Legend

  (a)

The Warrants may not be exercised in the United States or by or on behalf of a “U.S. person” (a “U.S. Person”), as such term is defined in Regulation S (“Regulation S”) under the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “U.S. Securities Act”), unless an exemption from registration is available under the U.S. Securities Act and any applicable state securities laws and the Corporation has received an opinion of counsel and other evidence to such effect in form and substance satisfactory to the Corporation.

     
  (b)

Unless otherwise required by United States federal or state securities laws, only those certificates representing Common Shares originally issued to a U.S. Person or a person in the United States or a person for the account or benefit of a U.S. Person or a person in the United States, as well as all certificates issued in exchange for or in substitution of the foregoing securities, will bear a legend to the following effect:

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THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED HEREBY HAVE NOT BEEN AND WILL NOT BE REGISTERED UNDER THE UNITED STATES SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “U.S. SECURITIES ACT”), OR THE LAWS OF ANY STATE OF THE UNITED STATES. THE HOLDER HEREOF, BY PURCHASING SUCH SECURITIES, AGREES FOR THE BENEFIT OF THE CORPORATION THAT SUCH SECURITIES MAY BE OFFERED, SOLD, PLEDGED OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED ONLY (A) TO THE CORPORATION, (B) OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES IN ACCORDANCE WITH RULE 904 OF REGULATION S UNDER THE U.S. SECURITIES ACT AND IN COMPLIANCE WITH APPLICABLE LOCAL LAWS AND REGULATIONS, (C) IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION UNDER THE U.S. SECURITIES ACT PROVIDED BY RULE 144 OR RULE 144A THEREUNDER, IF AVAILABLE, AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS OR (D) IN ANOTHER TRANSACTION THAT DOES NOT REQUIRE REGISTRATION UNDER THE U.S. SECURITIES ACT OR ANY APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS AFTER THE SELLER FURNISHES TO THE CORPORATION AN OPINION OF COUNSEL OF RECOGNIZED STANDING IN FORM AND SUBSTANCE SATISFACTORY TO THE CORPORATION TO SUCH EFFECT. DELIVERY OF THIS CERTIFICATE MAY NOT CONSTITUTE “GOOD DELIVERY” IN SETTLEMENT OF TRANSACTIONS ON STOCK EXCHANGES IN CANADA. IF, AT ANY TIME THE CORPORATION IS A “FOREIGN ISSUER” AS DEFINED IN REGULATION S UNDER THE U.S. SECURITIES ACT, THESE SECURITIES ARE BEING SOLD IN ACCORDANCE WITH RULE 904 OF REGULATION S UNDER THE U.S. SECURITIES ACT, A NEW CERTIFICATE BEARING NO LEGEND, DELIVERY OF WHICH WILL CONSTITUTE “GOOD DELIVERY,” MAY BE OBTAINED FROM THE CORPORATION’S TRANSFER AGENT UPON DELIVERY OF THIS CERTIFICATE AND A DULY EXECUTED DECLARATION, IN A FORM SATISFACTORY TO THE CORPORATION AND ITS TRANSFER AGENT, TO THE EFFECT THAT THE SALE OF THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED HEREBY IS BEING MADE IN ACCORDANCE WITH RULE 904 OF REGULATION S UNDER THE U.S. SECURITIES ACT.

     
 

provided , that if, at the time the Corporation is a “foreign issuer” as defined in Regulation S, such securities are being sold in accordance with the requirements of Rule 904 of Regulation S, as referred to above, and in compliance with local laws and regulations, the legend may be removed by providing a declaration to the Corporation and the Corporation’s transfer agent for such securities, in the form as the Corporation may prescribe from time to time;

     
 

notwithstanding the foregoing , the Corporation’s transfer agent may impose additional requirements for the removal of legends from securities sold in accordance with Rule 904 of Regulation S in the future; and

     
 

provided further , that, if any of such securities are being sold pursuant to Rule 144 of the U.S. Securities Act, the legend may be removed by delivery to the Corporation and the Corporation’s transfer agent of an opinion of counsel of recognized standing in form and substance satisfactory to the Corporation to the effect that the legend is no longer required under applicable requirements of the U.S. Securities Act or state securities laws.

     
  (c)

If a certificate representing Common Shares is tendered for transfer and bears the legend set forth in above and the holder has not obtained the prior written consent of the Corporation, the Corporation’s transfer agent shall not register such transfer unless the transferor has provided the certificate representing the Common Shares and the transfer is being made (i) to the Corporation, (ii) outside the United States in accordance with the requirements of Rule 904 of Regulation S and in compliance with applicable local laws and regulations of the jurisdiction(s) where such sale is made, (iii) in compliance with the exemption from registration under the U.S. Securities Act provided by Rule 144 or Rule 144A thereunder, if available, and in accordance with applicable state securities laws, or (iv) in another transaction that does not require registration under the U.S. Securities Act or any applicable state securities laws, and the holder has prior to such sale furnished to the Corporation an opinion of counsel of recognized standing in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Corporation to such effect.

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4.3         Effect of Exercise of Warrants

Upon compliance with the provisions of Section 4.1 above, the Holder shall be deemed to have become the holder of record of the Common Shares so subscribed and paid for unless the transfer registers of the Corporation are closed on such date, in which case the Common Shares issuable upon the exercise of the Warrants will be deemed to have been issued and such person or persons deemed to have become the holder or holders of record of such Common Shares, on the date on which such transfer registers are reopened.The Warrant Agent shall cause a certificate or certificates for the Common Shares to be issued as a consequence of such exercise and shall thereupon, and in any event within three business days, cause to be mailed, postage prepaid, to the person or persons in whose name or names the Common Shares so subscribed for are to be issued as specified in such subscription, at the address or addresses specified in such Exercise Form.

4.4         Subscription for Less than Entitlement

A Warrant Holder may exercise the right to purchase Common Shares attached to fewer Warrants than are represented by a Warrant Certificate. In the case of the exercise of a lesser number of Warrants than are represented by a Warrant Certificate, the Warrant Holder shall be entitled to receive a new Warrant Certificate representing the Warrants not then exercised. Such new Warrant Certificate shall be mailed, postage prepaid, to the Warrant Holder exercising the right to purchase Common Shares at the address specified in the subscription.

4.5         Expiration of Warrants

After the Close of Business on the Expiry Date, all Warrants in respect of which the right of subscription and purchase has not theretofore been exercised shall be void and of no effect and shall not thereafter be outstanding hereunder or be entitled to the benefit of this Indenture or give the Holder thereof any rights whatsoever against the Corporation or the Warrant Agent.

4.6         Adjustment of Subscription Rights

The Exercise Price in effect and the number and type of securities purchasable under the Warrants at any date shall be subject to adjustment from time to time as follows:

  (a)

If and whenever at any time prior to the Expiry Date, the Corporation shall (i) subdivide or re-divide the outstanding Common Shares into a greater number of shares, (ii) reduce, combine or consolidate the outstanding Common Shares into a smaller number of shares, or (iii) issue Common Shares (or securities convertible into or exchangeable for Common Shares) to the holders of all or substantially all of the outstanding Common Shares by way of a stock dividend (other than the issue of Common Shares to holders of Common Shares who have elected to receive dividends in the form of Common Shares in lieu of Dividends Paid in the Ordinary Course), the Exercise Price in effect on the effective date of any such event shall be adjusted immediately after such event or on the record date for such issue of Common Shares by way of stock dividend, as the case may be, so that it shall equal the amount determined by multiplying the Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to such event by a fraction, of which the numerator shall be the total number of Common Shares outstanding immediately prior to such event and of which the denominator shall be the total number of Common Shares outstanding immediately after such event (including the total number of Common Shares into or for which the securities convertible into or exchangeable for Common Shares so issued are convertible into or exchangeable for). Any Common Shares owned by or held for the account of the Corporation or any subsidiary of the Corporation shall be deemed not to be outstanding for the purpose of any such computation. The number of Common Shares which the Holder of Warrants is entitled to purchase for each Warrant shall be adjusted at the same time by multiplying the number by the inverse of the aforesaid fraction. Any such adjustments shall be made successively whenever any event referred to in this subsection (a) shall occur and any such issue of Common Shares (or securities convertible into or exchangeable for Common Shares) by way of a stock dividend shall be deemed to have been made on the record date for the stock dividend for the purpose of calculating the number of outstanding Common Shares immediately after such event under subsections (a) and (c) of this Section 4.6.

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  (b)

If and whenever at any time prior to the Expiry Date, the Corporation shall fix a record date for the issuance of rights, options or warrants to all or substantially all of the holders of the outstanding Common Shares, entitling them, for a period expiring not more than 45 days after such record date, to subscribe for or purchase Common Shares (or securities convertible into or exchangeable for Common Shares) at a price per share (or having a conversion or exchange price per share) less than 95% of the Current Market Price on such record date, the Exercise Price shall be adjusted immediately after such record date so that it shall equal the price determined by multiplying the Exercise Price in effect on such record date by a fraction, of which the numerator shall be the total number of Common Shares outstanding on such record date plus the number arrived at by dividing the aggregate price of the total number of additional Common Shares offered for subscription or purchase (or the aggregate conversion or exchange price of the convertible or exchangeable securities so offered) by such Current Market Price, and of which the denominator shall be the total number of Common Shares outstanding on such record date plus the total number of additional Common Shares offered for subscription or purchase (or into which the convertible or exchangeable securities so offered are convertible or exchangeable). Any Common Shares owned by or held for the account of the Corporation or any subsidiary of the Corporation shall be deemed not to be outstanding for the purpose of any such computation. Such adjustment shall be made successively whenever such a record date is fixed. To the extent that any such rights, options or warrants are not so issued or any such rights, options or warrants are not exercised prior to the expiration thereof, the Exercise Price shall then be re-adjusted to the Exercise Price which would then be in effect based upon the number and aggregate price of Common Shares (or securities convertible into or exchangeable for Common Shares) actually issued upon the exercise of such rights, options or warrants, as the case may be.

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  (c)

If and whenever at any time prior to the Expiry Date, the Corporation shall fix a record date for the making of a distribution to all or substantially all of the holders of its outstanding Common Shares of (i) shares of any class other than Common Shares, other than shares distributed to holders of Common Shares who have elected to receive dividends in the form of such shares in lieu of Dividends Paid in the Ordinary Course and other than the issue of Common Shares (or securities convertible into or exchangeable for Common Shares) to the holders of all or substantially all of the outstanding Common Shares by way of a stock dividend, or (ii) rights, options or warrants (excluding those exercisable for 45 days or less after the record date therefor), or (iii) evidences of its indebtedness, or (iv) assets (excluding Dividends Paid in the Ordinary Course), including shares of other corporations, then, in each such case, the Exercise Price shall be adjusted immediately after such record date so that it shall equal the price determined by multiplying the Exercise Price in effect on such record date by a fraction, of which the numerator shall be the total number of Common Shares outstanding on such record date multiplied by the Current Market Price per Common Share on such record date, less the fair market value (as determined by the board of directors, which determination shall be conclusive) of such shares or rights, options or warrants or evidences of indebtedness or assets actually distributed, and of which the denominator shall be the total number of Common Shares outstanding on such record date multiplied by such Current Market Price per Common Share. Any Common Shares owned by or held for the account of the Corporation shall be deemed not to be outstanding for the purpose of any such computation. Such adjustment shall be made successively whenever such a record date is fixed. To the extent that such distribution is not so made, the Exercise Price shall be re-adjusted to the Exercise Price which would then be in effect if such record date had not been fixed or to the Exercise Price which would then be in effect based upon such shares or rights, options or warrants or evidences of indebtedness or assets actually distributed, as the case may be. In clause (iv) of this subsection 4.6(c), the term "Dividends Paid in the Ordinary Course" shall include the value of any securities or other property or assets distributed in lieu of cash Dividends Paid in the Ordinary Course at the option of the shareholders.

     
  (d)

If and whenever at any time prior to the Expiry Date, there is a reclassification of the Common Shares at any time outstanding or a change of the Common Shares into other shares or a capital reorganization of the Corporation not covered in subsection (a) or a consolidation, amalgamation or merger of the Corporation with or into any other corporation, or an exchange of the securities of the Corporation pursuant to a plan of arrangement, or a sale of the property and assets of the Corporation as or substantially as an entirety to any other person, a Holder of a Warrant which has not been exercised prior to the effective date of such reclassification, capital reorganization, consolidation, amalgamation, merger, exchange or sale shall thereafter, upon the exercise of such Warrants, be entitled to receive and shall accept in lieu of the number of Common Shares, as then constituted, to which the Holder was previously entitled upon exercise of the Warrants, but for the same aggregate consideration payable therefor, the number of shares or other securities or property of the Corporation or of the corporation resulting from such reclassification, capital reorganization, consolidation, amalgamation, merger, or exchange or of the person to which such sale may be made, as the case may be, that such Holder would have been entitled to receive on such reclassification, capital reorganization, consolidation, amalgamation, merger, exchange or sale if on the effective date thereof, the Holder had been the registered holder of the number of Common Shares to which the Holder was previously entitled upon due exercise of the Warrants; and in any case, if necessary, appropriate adjustment shall be made in the application of the provisions set forth in this Indenture with respect to the rights and interests thereafter of the Holders of the Warrants to the end that the provisions set forth in this Indenture shall thereafter correspondingly be made applicable, as nearly as may reasonably be, in relation to any shares or other securities or property to which the Holder of Warrants may be entitled upon the exercise of such Warrants thereafter.

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  (e)

In any case in which this Section 4.6 shall require that an adjustment shall become effective immediately after a record date for an event referred to herein, the Corporation may, until the occurrence of such event, defer issuing to the Holder of any Warrant exercised after such record date and before the occurrence of such event the kind and amount of shares, other securities or property to which he would be entitled upon such exercise by reason of the adjustment required by such event; provided that the Corporation shall deliver to such Holder an appropriate instrument evidencing such Holder's right to receive the kind and amount of shares, other securities or property to which he would be entitled upon the occurrence of the event requiring such adjustment and the right to receive any distributions made or declared in favour of holders of record of Common Shares as constituted from time to time on and after such date as such Holder would, but for the provisions of this subsection 4.6(e), have received, or become entitled to receive, on such exercise.

     
  (f)

The adjustments provided for in this Section 4.6 are cumulative and shall apply to successive subdivisions, redivisions, reductions, combinations, consolidations, distributions, issues or other events resulting in any adjustment under the provisions of this Section 4.6; provided that notwithstanding any other provision of this Section 4.6, (i) no adjustment of the Exercise Price or number of Common Shares, as then constituted, purchasable shall be required unless such adjustment would require an increase or decrease of at least 1% in the Exercise Price then in effect or the number of Common Shares, as then constituted, purchasable, and (ii) any adjustments which by reason of this subsection 4.6(f) are not required to be made shall be carried forward and taken into account in any subsequent adjustment.

     
  (g)

In the event of any question arising with respect to the adjustments provided in this Section 4.6, such question shall be conclusively determined by a firm of chartered accountants appointed by the Corporation and acceptable to the Warrant Agent (who may be the auditors of the Corporation). Such accountants shall have access to all necessary records of the Corporation and such determination shall be binding upon the Corporation, the Warrant Agent and the Warrant Holders.

     
  (h)

As a condition precedent to the taking of any action which would require an adjustment in any of the subscription rights pursuant to any of the Warrants, including the number of Common Shares which are to be received upon the exercise thereof, the Corporation shall take any action which may, in the opinion of counsel be necessary in order that the Corporation may validly and legally issue as fully paid and non-assessable all the Common Shares which the holders of such Warrants are entitled to receive on the full exercise thereof in accordance with the provisions hereof.

     
  (i)

No adjustment shall be made pursuant to this Section 4.6 if the Warrant Holders are entitled to participate in any event described in this Section 4.6 on the same terms, mutatis mutandis, as if the Warrant Holders had exercised their Warrants prior to, or on the effective date or record date of, such event.

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  (j)

In case the Corporation shall take any action affecting the Common Shares other than action described in this Section 4.6, which in the opinion of the directors of the Corporation would materially affect the rights of Warrant Holders, the Exercise Price and/or the number of Common Shares which may be acquired upon exercise of a Warrant shall be adjusted by action of the directors in such manner and at such time, in their sole discretion, as they may determine to be equitable in the circumstances, provided that no such adjustment will be made unless prior approval of all stock exchanges on which the Common Shares are listed for trading has been obtained. Failure of the directors to make such an adjustment shall be conclusive evidence that the directors have determined that it is equitable to make no adjustment in the circumstances.

4.7         Notice of Adjustment

  (a)

Immediately after the occurrence of any event which requires an adjustment pursuant to Section 4.6, in the Exercise Price or in any of the subscription rights pursuant to any of the Warrants, including the number of Common Shares, as then constituted, which are to be received upon the exercise thereof, the Corporation shall forthwith file with the Warrant Agent an Officers' Certificate specifying the particulars of such event and the required adjustment and the computation of such adjustment and the Corporation shall give at least 14 days notice (in the manner provided in Section 9.7 hereof) to the holders of Warrants of the record date or effective date of such event, as the case may be, and such notice shall include particulars of such event and the required adjustment.

4.8         Delay of Delivery in Certain Cases

The Corporation shall not be required to deliver certificates for Common Shares during the period when the stock transfer books of the Corporation are closed due to an impending meeting of shareholders or a proposed payment of dividends or for any other purpose and, in the event of a surrender of a Warrant Certificate for the purchase of Common Shares during such period, the delivery of certificates may be postponed for a period not exceeding 10 days after the date of the reopening of the stock transfer books.

4.9         Fractional Common Shares

The Corporation shall not issue fractional Common Shares in satisfaction of its obligations under this Indenture. No subscription for a fractional part of a Common Share shall be accepted nor shall any cash payment be made in respect thereof. To the extent that any Warrant Holder would otherwise be entitled to purchase a fraction of a Common Share, such right may be exercised only in combination with other rights which, in the aggregate, would entitle the Holder to purchase a whole number of Common Shares.

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4.10        Protection of the Warrant Agent

The Warrant Agent shall be entitled to act and rely on any adjustment calculation of the Corporation, its directors and auditors, and the Warrant Agent shall not:

  (a)

at any time be under any duty or responsibility to any holder to determine whether facts exist which may require any adjustment contemplated by this Article, or with respect to the nature or extent of any such adjustment when made, or with respect to the method employed in making same;

     
  (b)

be accountable with respect to the validity or value (or the kind or amount) of any shares or of any other shares or securities or property which may at any time be issued or delivered upon the exercise or deemed exercise of any Warrant; or

     
  (c)

be responsible for any failure of the Corporation to make any cash payment or to issue, transfer or deliver shares or share certificates upon the surrender of any Warrant for the purpose of exercise or deemed exercise, or to comply with any of the covenants contained in this Article.

ARTICLE 5.                COVENANTS OF THE CORPORATION

5.1         General Covenants

  (a)

The Corporation covenants that it is duly authorized to create and issue the Warrants to be issued hereunder and that the Warrant Certificates, when issued and countersigned as herein provided, will be valid and enforceable against the Corporation, and that, subject to the provisions of this Indenture, the Corporation will cause the Common Shares from time to time subscribed for and purchased pursuant to this Indenture, and the certificates representing the Common Shares, to be duly issued. At all times until the Expiry Date while any of the Warrants are outstanding, the Corporation shall reserve and there shall remain unissued out of its authorized capital a number of Common Shares sufficient to satisfy the exercise of all Warrants then outstanding. All Common Shares issued upon the exercise of the Warrants shall be fully-paid and non-assessable.

     
  (b)

The Corporation will do, execute, acknowledge and deliver or cause to be done, executed, acknowledged and delivered, all other acts, deeds and assurances in law as counsel may reasonably require for the better accomplishing and effecting of the intentions and provisions of this Indenture.

     
  (c)

Subject to the provisions hereof, the Corporation will carry on and conduct and will cause to be carried on and conducted its business in a proper and efficient manner and will cause to be kept proper books of account in accordance with generally accepted accounting practice, provided that the Corporation or any subsidiary of the Corporation may cease to operate or may dispose of any business, premises, property or operation if in the opinion of the directors or officers of the Corporation it would be advisable and in the best interests of the Corporation to do so. Subject to the provisions hereof, the Corporation will do or cause to be done, all things necessary to preserve and keep in full force and effect its corporate existence, provided that nothing herein contained shall prevent the amalgamation, consolidation, merger, sale, winding up or liquidation of the Corporation or any subsidiary of the Corporation or the abandonment of any rights and franchises of the Corporation or any subsidiary of the Corporation if in the opinion of the directors or officers of the Corporation, it would be advisable and in the best interest of the Corporation or of such subsidiary of the Corporation to do so.

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  (d)

The Corporation shall take all such steps and actions to do all such things that may reasonably be necessary to maintain the listing and posting for trading of the Common Shares and the Warrants on the TSX and to maintain its status as a "reporting issuer", or the equivalent thereof, not in default of the requirements of the securities acts and regulations thereunder of each of the provinces of Canada in which it currently is a reporting issuer.

     
  (e)

The Corporation will use reasonable efforts to ensure that the Common Shares issuable upon the exercise of the Warrants will be listed and posted for trading on the TSX upon their issue.

     
  (f)

If the Corporation shall fail to perform any of its covenants contained in this Indenture, the Warrant Agent may notify the Warrant Holders of such failure on the part of the Corporation or may itself perform any of the said covenants capable of being performed by it, but the Warrant Agent shall be under no obligation to do so or to notify the Warrant Holders. All sums expended or advanced by the Warrant Agent in performance of its rights provided for in this subsection 5.1(f) shall be repayable as provided in Section 5.2. No such performance, expenditure or advance by the Warrant Agent shall be deemed to relieve the Corporation of any default hereunder or its continuing obligations hereunder.

5.2         Warrant Agent's Remuneration and Expenses

The Corporation covenants and agrees that it will pay to the Warrant Agent from time to time reasonable remuneration for its services hereunder and will pay or reimburse the Warrant Agent upon its request for all reasonable expenses, disbursements and advances incurred or made by the Warrant Agent in the administration or execution of the trusts hereby created (including the reasonable compensation and the disbursements of its counsel and all other advisers and assistants not regularly in its employ), both before any default hereunder and thereafter until all duties of the Warrant Agent under the trusts hereof shall be finally and fully performed, except any such expense, disbursement or advance as may arise from the Warrant Agent’s gross negligence or bad faith.

ARTICLE 6.                ENFORCEMENT

6.1         Suits by Warrant Holders

Subject to subsections 7.11(f) and (g), the rights conferred upon the Holder of a Warrant by the terms of a Warrant or this Indenture may be enforced by the Holder by appropriate legal proceedings but without prejudice to the right hereby conferred upon the Warrant Agent to proceed in its own name to enforce the provisions herein contained for the benefit of all the Holders.

6.2         Warrant Agent May Institute All Proceedings

The Warrant Agent shall also have the power at any time and from time to time to institute and to maintain such suits and proceedings as it may be advised shall be necessary or advisable to preserve and protect its interests and the interests of the Warrant Holders.

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6.3         Immunity of Shareholders, etc.

             The Warrant Agent and, by the acceptance of the Warrant Certificates and as part of the consideration for the issue of the Warrants, the Warrantholders, hereby waive and release any right, cause of action or remedy now or hereafter existing in any jurisdiction against any incorporator or any past, present or future shareholder, director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation or of any “successor Corporation” on any covenant, agreement, representation or warranty by the Corporation contained herein or in the Warrant Certificates.

6.4         Waiver of Default

             Upon the happening of any default hereunder and provided that: (i) no meeting of Warrantholders has been called to consider waiving such default; or (ii) Warrantholders have determined not to pass a resolution to waive any such default:

  (a)

the holders of not less than 51% of the Warrants then outstanding shall have the power (in addition to the powers exercisable by Extraordinary Resolution) by requisition in writing to instruct the Warrant Agent to waive any default hereunder and the Warrant Agent shall thereupon waive the default upon such terms and conditions as shall be stipulated in such requisition; and

     
  (b)

the Warrant Agent will have power to waive any default hereunder upon such terms and conditions as the Warrant Agent may deem advisable, if in the Warrant Agent’s opinion, the same shall have been cured or adequate provision made therefor;

provided that no delay or omission of the Warrant Agent or of the Warrantholders to exercise any right or power accruing upon any default will impair any such right or power or will be construed to be a waiver of any such default or acquiescence therein and provided further that no act or omission either of the Warrant Agent or of the Warrantholders in the premises will extend to or be taken in any manner whatsoever to affect any subsequent default hereunder or the rights resulting therefrom.

ARTICLE 7.                MEETINGS OF WARRANT HOLDERS

7.1         Right to Convene Meeting

The Warrant Agent may at any time and from time to time and shall on receipt of a written request of the Corporation or a Warrant Holders' Request and upon being funded and indemnified to its reasonable satisfaction by the Corporation or by the Warrant Holders signing such Warrant Holders' Request against the costs which may be incurred in connection with the calling and holding of such meeting, convene a meeting of the Warrant Holders. In the event of the Warrant Agent failing within 15 days after receipt of any such request and such funding and indemnity to give notice calling a meeting, the Corporation or such Warrant Holders, as the case may be, may convene such meeting. Every such meeting shall be held in Vancouver, British Columbia or at such other place as may be approved or determined by the Warrant Agent.

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7.2         Notice

At least 21 days' notice of any meeting shall be given to the Warrant Holders in the manner provided in Section 9.7 and a copy of the notice of the meeting shall be sent by mail postage prepaid, or by courier to the Warrant Agent, unless the meeting has been called by it, and to the Corporation, unless the meeting has been called by it. Such notice shall state the time when and the place where the meeting is to be held and shall state briefly the general nature of the business to be transacted thereat and shall contain such information as is reasonably necessary to enable the Warrant Holders to make a reasoned decision on the matter, but it shall not be necessary for any such notice to set out the terms of any resolution to be proposed or any of the provisions of this ARTICLE 7.

7.3         Chairman

An individual, who need not be a Warrant Holder, nominated in writing by the Warrant Agent shall be Chairman of the meeting and if no person is so nominated, or if the person so nominated is not present within 15 minutes from the time fixed for the holding of the meeting, the Warrant Holders present in person or by proxy shall choose an individual present to be Chairman.

7.4         Quorum

Subject to the provisions of Section 7.12, at any meeting of the Warrant Holders a quorum shall consist of Warrant Holders present in person or by proxy holding at least 25% of the aggregate number of the then outstanding Warrants. If a quorum of the Warrant Holders shall not be present within 30 minutes from the time fixed for holding any meeting, the meeting, if summoned by the Warrant Holders or on a Warrant Holders' Request, shall be dissolved; but in any other case the meeting shall be adjourned to the same day in the next week (unless such day is not a Business Day in which case it shall be adjourned to the next following Business Day thereafter) at the same time and place and no notice shall be required to be given in respect of such adjourned meeting. At the adjourned meeting the Warrant Holders present in person or by proxy shall form a quorum and may transact the business for which the meeting was originally convened notwithstanding that they may not represent 25% of the aggregate number of the then outstanding Warrants.

7.5         Power to Adjourn

The Chairman of any meeting at which a quorum of the Warrant Holders is present may, with the consent of the holders of a majority of the Warrants represented thereat, adjourn any such meeting and no notice of such adjournment need be given except such notice, if any, as the meeting may prescribe.

7.6         Show of Hands

Every question submitted to a meeting shall be decided in the first instance by a majority of the votes given on a show of hands except that votes on Extraordinary Resolutions shall be given in the manner hereinafter provided. At any such meeting, unless a poll is duly demanded as herein provided, a declaration by the Chairman that a resolution has been carried or carried unanimously or by a particular majority or lost or not carried by a particular majority shall be conclusive evidence of that fact.

21


7.7         Poll

A poll shall be taken on every Extraordinary Resolution, and on any other question submitted to a meeting when demanded by the Chairman or by one or more Warrant Holders holding at least 5% of the aggregate number of Warrants for the time being outstanding. A poll shall be taken in such manner and either at once or after an adjournment as the Chairman shall direct. Questions other than Extraordinary Resolutions shall, if a poll be taken, be decided by the votes of the holders of a majority of the Warrants voted on the poll.

7.8         Voting

On a show of hands every person who is present and entitled to vote, whether as a Warrant Holder or as a proxy for one or more Warrant Holders or both, shall have one vote. On a poll each Warrant Holder present in person or represented by proxy shall be entitled to one vote in respect of each Warrant of which he shall then be the Holder. The holder of a proxy need not be a Warrant Holder.

7.9         Regulations

The Warrant Agent with the approval of the Corporation may from time to time make and from time to time vary such regulations as it shall think fit providing for and governing:

  (a)

the deposit of proxies at such place as the Warrant Agent, the Corporation or the Warrant Holders convening the meeting, as the case may be, may in the notice convening the meeting direct and the time, if any, before the holding of the meeting or any adjournment thereof by which the same shall be deposited;

     
  (b)

the deposit of proxies at some approved place or places other than the place at which the meeting is to be held and enabling particulars of such proxies to be mailed, cabled, or telecopied, before the meeting to the Corporation or to the Warrant Agent at the place where the same is to be held and for the voting of proxies so deposited as though the instruments themselves were produced at the meeting;

     
  (c)

the form of any proxy; and

     
  (d)

generally, for the calling of meetings of Warrant Holders and the conduct of business thereat.

Any regulations so made shall be binding and effective and the votes given in accordance therewith shall be valid and shall be counted. Save as such regulations may provide, the only persons who shall be recognized at any meeting as the Holders of any Warrants, or as entitled to vote or be present at the meeting in respect thereof, shall be persons who are Warrant Holders and their duly appointed proxies or transferees of Warrants who produce Warrant Certificates, or otherwise establish that they own the Warrants, at the meeting.

7.10       Corporation and Warrant Agent may be Represented

The Corporation and the Warrant Agent, by their respective officers, directors, or employees, and the legal advisers of the Corporation and the Warrant Agent and any legal advisers of any Warrant Holders shall be entitled to attend any meeting of the Warrant Holders but shall have no vote as such.

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7.11        Powers Exercisable by Extraordinary Resolution

In addition to all other powers conferred upon them by the provisions of this Indenture or by law, a meeting of the Warrant Holders shall have the following powers exercisable from time to time by Extraordinary Resolution:

  (a)

power to agree to any change, modification, abrogation, alteration, compromise or arrangement of the rights of the Warrant Holders or the Warrant Agent, in that capacity (subject to the prior consent of the Warrant Agent) or on behalf of the Warrant Holders, against the Corporation, whether such rights arise under this Indenture or the Warrants or otherwise;

     
  (b)

power to assent to and authorize any modification of or change in or addition to or omission from the provisions in this Indenture which shall be agreed to by the Corporation and to authorize the Warrant Agent to concur in and execute any ancillary or supplemental indenture hereto embodying any modification, change, addition or omission;

     
  (c)

power to sanction any scheme for the reconstruction or reorganization of the Corporation or for the consolidation, amalgamation or merger of the Corporation with any other corporation or for the sale, leasing, transfer or other disposition of the undertaking, property and assets of the Corporation or any part thereof;

     
  (d)

power to direct or authorize the Warrant Agent to enforce any of the covenants on the part of the Corporation contained in this Indenture or the Warrants or to enforce any of the rights of the Warrant Holders in any manner specified in such Extraordinary Resolution (subject to receipt by the Warrant Agent of adequate funding and indemnity) or to refrain from enforcing any such covenant or right;

     
  (e)

power to waive and direct the Warrant Agent to waive any default on the part of the Corporation in complying with any provision of this Indenture or under the Warrants either unconditionally or upon any conditions specified in such Extraordinary Resolution;

     
  (f)

power to restrain any Warrant Holder from taking or instituting any suit action or proceeding against the Corporation for the enforcement of any of the covenants on the part of the Corporation contained in this Indenture or the Warrants or to enforce any of the rights of the Warrant Holders;

     
  (g)

power to direct any Warrant Holder who, as such, has brought any suit, action or proceeding to start or discontinue or otherwise deal with the same upon payment of the costs, charges and expenses reasonably and properly incurred by such Warrant Holder in connection therewith;

     
  (h)

power to assent to any compromise or arrangement with any creditor or creditors or any class or classes of creditors, whether secured or otherwise, and with holders of any shares or other securities of the Corporation;

     
  (i)

power to appoint a committee with power and authority (subject to such limitations, if any, as may be prescribed in the Extraordinary Resolution) to exercise, and to direct the Warrant Agent to exercise, on behalf of the Warrant Holders, such of the powers of the Warrant Holders as are exercisable by Extraordinary Resolution or other resolution as shall be included in the Extraordinary Resolution appointing the committee. The Extraordinary Resolution making such appointment may provide for payment of the expenses and disbursements of and compensation to such committee and the Warrant Agent. Such committee shall consist of such number of persons as shall be prescribed in the Extraordinary Resolution appointing it and the members need not be themselves Warrant Holders. Subject to the terms of any Extraordinary Resolution creating such committee, every such committee may elect its Chairman and may make regulations respecting its quorum, the calling of its meetings, the filling of vacancies occurring in its number and its procedure generally. Such regulations may provide that the committee may act at a meeting at which a quorum is present or may act by minutes signed by the number of members thereof necessary to constitute a quorum. All acts of any such committee within the authority delegated to it shall be binding upon all Warrant Holders. Neither the committee nor any member thereof nor the Warrant Agent shall be liable for any loss arising from or in connection with any action taken or omitted to be taken by them in good faith;

23



  (j)

power to remove the Warrant Agent or its successor in office and to appoint a new Warrant Agent or Warrant Agents to take the place of the Warrant Agent so removed; and

     
  (k)

power to amend or repeal any Extraordinary Resolution previously passed by Warrant Holders.

7.12       Meaning of "Extraordinary Resolution"

  (a)

The expression “Extraordinary Resolution" when used in this Indenture means, subject to this Section 7.12, a resolution proposed to be passed as an Extraordinary Resolution at a meeting of Warrant Holders duly called for that purpose and held in accordance with ARTICLE 7 at which the Holders of more than 50% of the then outstanding Warrants are present in person or by proxy and passed by the favourable votes of the Holders of not less than 66 2/3% of the aggregate number of the then outstanding Warrants represented at the meeting and voted on a poll upon such resolution.

     
  (b)

If at any such meeting the Holders of more than 50% of the outstanding Warrants are not present in person or by proxy within 30 minutes after the time appointed for the meeting, then the meeting, if convened by Warrant Holders or on a Warrant Holders' Request, shall be dissolved; but in any other case it shall stand adjourned to such date, being not less than 14 or more than 60 days later, and to such place and time as may be appointed by the Chairman. Not less than 10 days' notice shall be given of the time and place of such adjourned meeting in the manner provided in Section 10.7. Such notice shall state that at the adjourned meeting the Warrant Holders present in person or by proxy shall form a quorum. At the adjourned meeting the Warrant Holders present in person or by proxy shall form a quorum and may transact the business for which the meeting was originally convened and a resolution proposed at such adjourned meeting and passed by the requisite vote as provided in subsection 7.12(a) shall be an Extraordinary Resolution within the meaning of this Indenture, notwithstanding that the Holders of more than 50% of the Warrants then outstanding are not present in person or by proxy at such adjourned meeting.

24



  (c)

Votes on an Extraordinary Resolution shall always be given on a poll and no demand for a poll upon an Extraordinary Resolution shall be necessary.

7.13        Powers Cumulative

Any one or more of the powers or any combination of the powers in this Indenture stated to be exercisable by the Warrant Holders by Extraordinary Resolution or otherwise may be exercised from time to time and the exercise of any one or more of such powers or any combination of powers from time to time shall not be deemed to exhaust the rights of the Warrant Holders to exercise the same or any other power or powers or combination of powers thereafter from time to time.

7.14       Minutes

Minutes of all resolutions and proceedings at every meeting of Warrant Holders shall be made and duly entered in books to be from time to time provided for that purpose by the Warrant Agent at the expense of the Corporation, and any such minutes, if signed by the Chairman of the meeting at which such resolutions were passed or proceedings taken, or by the Chairman of the next succeeding meeting of the Warrant Holders, shall be prima facie evidence of the matters therein stated and, until the contrary is proved, every such meeting, in respect of the proceedings of which minutes shall have been made, shall be deemed to have been duly convened and held, and all resolutions passed thereat or proceedings taken shall be deemed to have been duly passed and taken.

7.15       Instruments in Writing

All actions which may be taken and all powers that may be exercised by the Warrant Holders at a meeting held as provided in this ARTICLE 7 may also be taken and exercised by Warrant Holders entitled to purchase at least 66 2/3% of the aggregate number of the then outstanding Warrants by an instrument in writing signed in one or more counterparts by Warrant Holders in person or by attorneys duly appointed in writing, and the expression "Extraordinary Resolution" when used in this Indenture shall include an instrument so signed.

7.16       Binding Effect of Resolutions

Every resolution and every Extraordinary Resolution passed in accordance with the provisions of this ARTICLE 7 at a meeting of Warrant Holders shall be binding upon all the Warrant Holders, whether present at or absent from such meeting, and each and every Warrant Holder and the Warrant Agent (subject to the provisions for its funding and indemnity herein contained) shall be bound to give effect accordingly to every such resolution and Extraordinary Resolution.

25


7.17        Holdings By Corporation Disregarded

In determining whether Warrant Holders holding Warrant Certificates evidencing the entitlement to purchase the required number of Common Shares are present at a meeting of Warrant Holders for the purpose of determining a quorum or have concurred in any consent, waiver, Extraordinary Resolution, Warrant Holders' Request or other action under this Indenture, Warrants owned legally or beneficially by the Corporation or any subsidiary of the Corporation shall be disregarded. The Corporation will provide the Warrant Agent, on request, a certificate of the Corporation detailing the registration and amounts of any Warrants owned legally or beneficially by the Corporation or any subsidiary of the Corporation.

ARTICLE 8.                CONCERNING THE WARRANT AGENT

8.1         Conditions Precedent to Warrant Agent's Obligations to Act

  (a)

The Warrant Agent shall not be bound to give any notice or do or take any act, action or proceeding in virtue of the powers conferred on it hereby unless and until it shall have been required to do so under the terms hereof; nor shall the Warrant Agent be required to take notice of any default hereunder, unless and until notified in writing of such default, which notice shall distinctly specify the default desired to be brought to the attention of the Warrant Agent, and in the absence of any such notice the Warrant Agent may for all purposes of this Indenture conclusively assume that no default has been made in the observance or performance of any of the representations, warranties, covenants, agreements or conditions contained herein. Any such notice shall in no way limit any discretion herein given to the Warrant Agent to determine whether or not the Warrant Agent shall take action with respect to any default.

     
  (b)

The obligation of the Warrant Agent to commence or continue any act, action or proceeding for the purpose of enforcing any rights of the Warrant Agent or the Warrant Holders hereunder or under the Warrants shall be conditional upon the Warrant Holders furnishing sufficient funds to commence or continue such act, action or proceeding and an indemnity reasonably satisfactory to the Warrant Agent to protect and hold harmless the Warrant Agent against the costs, charges, expenses and liabilities to be incurred thereby and any loss and damage it may suffer by reason thereof.

     
  (c)

None of the provisions contained in this Indenture shall require the Warrant Agent to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur financial liability in the performance of any of its duties or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers unless indemnified as aforesaid.

     
  (d)

The Warrant Agent may, before commencing or at any time during the continuance of any such act, action or proceeding, require the Warrant Holders at whose instance it is acting to deposit with the Warrant Agent the Warrant Certificates held by them, for which Warrant Certificates the Warrant Agent shall issue receipts.

     
  (e)

Notwithstanding anything else herein contained, the Warrant Agent shall retain the right not to act and shall not be liable for refusing to act if, due to a lack of information or for any other reason whatsoever, the Warrant Agent, in its sole judgment, determines that such act might cause it to be in non-compliance with any applicable anti-money laundering or anti-terrorist legislation, regulation or guideline. Further, should the Warrant Agent, in its sole judgment, determine at any time that its acting under this Indenture has resulted in its being in non-compliance with any applicable anti-money laundering or anti-terrorist legislation, regulation or guideline, then it shall have the right to resign on 10 days written notice to the Corporation, provided that (i) the Warrant Agent's written notice shall describe the circumstances of such non-compliance; and (ii) if such circumstances are rectified to the Warrant Agent's satisfaction within such 10 day period, then such resignation shall not be effective.

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8.2         Duty of Warrant Agent

In the exercise of the rights, duties and obligations prescribed or conferred by the terms of this Indenture, the Warrant Agent shall exercise that degree of care, diligence and skill that a reasonably prudent Warrant Agent would exercise in comparable circumstances.

8.3         Evidence

  (a)

Whenever it is provided in this Indenture that the Corporation shall deposit with the Warrant Agent resolutions, certificates, requests, orders or other documents, it is intended that the truth, accuracy and good faith on the effective date thereof of the facts and opinions stated in all documents so deposited shall, in each and every such case, be conditions precedent to the right of the Corporation to have the Warrant Agent take the action to be based thereon. The Warrant Agent may act and rely and shall be protected in acting and relying upon any such documents deposited with it in purported compliance with any such provision or for any other purpose hereof, but may in its discretion require further evidence before acting or relying thereon.

     
  (b)

The Warrant Agent may act and rely and shall be protected in acting and relying upon any resolution, certificate, statement instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, consent, order, letter, telecopy or other paper or document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed, sent or presented by or on behalf of the proper party or parties.

     
  (c)

Proof of the execution of an instrument in writing, including a Warrantholders’ Request, by any Warrantholder may be made by the certificate of a notary public, or other officer with similar powers, that the person signing such instrument acknowledged to it the execution thereof, or by an affidavit of a witness to such execution or in any other manner which the Warrant Agent may consider adequate.

8.4         Experts and Advisers

  (a)

The Warrant Agent may employ or retain such counsel, accountants, or other experts or advisers as it may reasonably require for the purpose of determining and discharging its duties hereunder and shall not be responsible for any misconduct on the part of any of them. Any remuneration so paid by the Warrant Agent shall be repaid to the Warrant Agent in accordance with Section 5.2.

     
  (b)

The Warrant Agent may act and rely and shall be protected in acting and relying in good faith on the opinion or advice of or information obtained from any counsel, accountant or other expert or adviser, whether retained or employed by the Corporation or by the Warrant Agent, in relation to any matter arising in the administration of the trusts hereof.

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8.5         Warrant Agent Not Required to Give Security

The Warrant Agent shall not be required to give any bond or security in respect of the execution of the trusts and powers of this Indenture or otherwise.

8.6         Protection of Warrant Agent

By way of supplement to the provisions of any law for the time being relating to Warrant Agents and applicable to the Warrant Agent, it is expressly declared and agreed as follows:

  (a)

the Warrant Agent shall not be liable for or by reason of any statement of fact or recital in this Indenture or in the Warrants (except the countersignature of the Warrant Agent thereon) or be required to verify the same, but all such statements or recitals are and shall be deemed to be made by the Corporation;

     
  (b)

nothing herein contained will impose on the Warrant Agent any obligation to see to, or to require evidence of, the registration or filing (or renewal thereof) of this Indenture or any instrument ancillary or supplementary hereto;

     
  (c)

the Warrant Agent shall not be bound to give notice to any person or persons of the execution hereof;

     
  (d)

the Warrant Agent shall not incur any liability or responsibility whatever or be in any way responsible for the consequence of any breach on the part of the Corporation of any of the representations, warranties or covenants herein contained or of any acts of the agents or employees of the Corporation;

     
  (e)

the Warrant Agent, in its personal or any other capacity, may buy, lend upon and deal in shares in the capital of the Corporation and in the Warrants and generally may contract and enter into financial transactions with the Corporation or any related corporation without being liable to account for any profit made thereby; and

     
  (f)

the Warrant Agent and its directors, officers, agents and employees will at all times be indemnified and saved harmless by the Corporation from and against all claims, demands, losses, actions, causes of actions, costs, charges, expenses, damages and liabilities whatsoever arising in connection with this Indenture, including, without limitation, those arising out of or related to actions taken or omitted to be taken by the Warrant Agent contemplated hereby, legal fees and disbursements on a solicitor and client basis, and costs and expenses incurred in connection with the enforcement of this indemnity, which the Warrant Agent may suffer or incur, whether at law or in equity, in any way caused by or arising, directly or indirectly, in respect of any act, deed, matter or thing whatsoever made, done, acquiesced in or omitted in or about or in relation to the execution of its duties as Warrant Agent and including any deed, matter or thing in relation to the execution of its duties as Warrant Agent and including any deed, matter or thing in relation to the registration, perfection, release or discharge of security. The foregoing provisions of this section do not apply to the extent that in any circumstances there has been a failure by the Warrant Agent or its employees or agents to act honestly and in good faith or where the Warrant Agent or its employees or agents have acted with gross negligence or in willful disregard to the Warrant Agent’s obligations hereunder. It is understood and agreed that this indemnification shall survive the termination of this indenture or the resignation of the Warrant Agent;

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  (g)

if any action or proceeding shall be brought or any claim shall be asserted against the Warrant Agent, in respect of which the Warrant Agent may claim indemnification pursuant to this Section 8.6, the Warrant Agent will promptly notify the Corporation in writing of such action, proceeding or claim (including in such written notice any facts relating to such action or proceeding then known to the Warrant Agent) and the Corporation may, but shall not be obligated to, assume the defense thereof, employing counsel reasonably satisfactory to it. The Warrant Agent will have the right to retain other counsel, at the Warrant Agent’s expense, to act on the Warrant Agent’s behalf, provided that if the Warrant Agent is advised in writing by Counsel to the Warrant Agent that a conflict of interest exists that makes representation by Counsel chosen by the Corporation not advisable, the reasonable fees and expenses of such other Counsel will be paid by the Corporation. Notwithstanding anything contained herein, neither the Warrant Agent nor the Corporation will settle any action, proceeding or claim in respect of which indemnity may be sought by the Warrant Agent hereunder, without the prior consent of the other, such consent not to be unreasonably withheld.

8.7         Replacement of Warrant Agent

If the Warrant Agent shall resign (such resignation to become effective not earlier than 30 days after the giving of written notice thereof to the Corporation) or shall become incapable of acting as Warrant Agent, the Corporation shall appoint a successor to the Warrant Agent. If the Corporation shall fail to make such appointment within a period of 30 days after such removal or after it has been so notified in writing of such resignation or incapacity by the Warrant Agent or by a Holder (in the case of incapacity), then the retiring Warrant Agent (at the Corporation's expense) or a Holder of any Warrant may apply to any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor to the Warrant Agent. Pending appointment of a successor to the Warrant Agent, either by the Corporation or by such a court, the duties of the Warrant Agent shall be carried out by the Corporation. Any successor Warrant Agent, whether appointed by the Corporation or by such a court, shall be a trust company, in good standing, incorporated under the laws of Canada or any province of Canada, qualified to do business in British Columbia and having offices in Vancouver, British Columbia. As soon as practicable after the appointment of the successor Warrant Agent, the Corporation shall cause written notice of the change in the Warrant Agent to be given to the Holders as provided in Section 9.7. After its appointment the successor Warrant Agent shall be vested with the same powers, rights, duties and responsibilities as if it had been originally named as Warrant Agent without further act or deed; but the former Warrant Agent (upon payment of its outstanding remuneration and expenses, if any) shall deliver and transfer to the successor Warrant Agent any property at the time held by it hereunder and shall execute and deliver, at the expense of the Corporation, any further assurance, conveyance, act or deed necessary for that purpose. Failure to give any notice provided for in this Section 8.7, however, or any defect therein, shall not affect the legality or validity of the removal of the Warrant Agent or the appointment of a successor Warrant Agent, as the case may be.

8.8         Consolidation or Change of Name of Warrant Agent

  (a)

Any corporation into which the Warrant Agent may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which the Warrant Agent shall be a party, or any corporation succeeding to the corporate trust business of the Warrant Agent, shall be the successor of the Warrant Agent hereunder without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of any of the parties hereto, provided that such corporation would be eligible for appointment as a successor to the Warrant Agent under the provisions of Section 8.7.

29



  (b)

If at the time such successor to the Warrant Agent shall succeed under this Indenture any of the Warrant Certificates shall have been countersigned but not delivered, any such successor to the Warrant Agent may adopt the countersignature of the original Warrant Agent. If at that time any of the Warrant Certificates shall not have been countersigned, any successor to the Warrant Agent may countersign such Warrant Certificates either in the name of the predecessor Warrant Agent or in the name of the successor Warrant Agent. In all such cases such Warrant Certificates shall have the full force provided in the Warrant Certificates and in this Indenture.

     
  (c)

If at any time the name of the Warrant Agent shall be changed and at such time any of the Warrant Certificates shall have been countersigned but not delivered, the Warrant Agent whose name has changed may adopt the countersignature under its prior name. If at the time the Warrant Certificates shall not have been countersigned, the Warrant Agent may countersign such Warrant Certificates either in its prior name or in its changed name. In all such cases such Warrant Certificates shall have the full force provided in the Warrant Certificates and in this Indenture.

     
  (d)

Upon the appointment of a successor Warrant Agent, the Corporation shall promptly notify the Warrantholders thereof in the manner provided for in Section 9.7 hereof.

8.9         Acceptance of Trust

The Warrant Agent hereby accepts the trusts of this Indenture and agrees to perform the same upon the terms and conditions herein set forth or referred to unless and until discharged therefrom by resignation or in some other lawful way.

8.10        Conflict of Interest

The Warrant Agent represents to the Corporation that at the time of execution and delivery hereof no material conflict or interest exists in the Warrant Agent's role as a fiduciary hereunder and agrees that in the event of a material conflict of interest arising hereafter it will, within 90 days after ascertaining that it has such a material conflict of interest, either eliminate the same or resign its trusts hereunder to a successor Warrant Agent approved by the Corporation. If any such material conflict of interests exists or hereafter shall exist, the validity and enforceability of this Indenture and the Warrants shall not be affected in any manner whatsoever by reason thereof.

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8.11        Warrant Agent Not Appointed Receiver

The Warrant Agent and any person related to the Warrant Agent will not be appointed a receiver or receiver and manager or liquidator of all or any part of the assets or undertaking of the Corporation.

ARTICLE 9.                GENERAL

9.1         Supplemental Indentures

From time to time the Warrant Agent and, when authorized by a resolution of its directors, the Corporation may, and they shall when required by this Indenture, execute, acknowledge and deliver by their proper officers deeds or indentures supplemental hereto, which thereafter shall form part hereof, for any one or more of the following purposes:

  (a)

making such provisions not inconsistent with this Indenture as may be necessary or desirable with respect to matters or questions arising hereunder, including the making of any modifications in the form of the Warrant Certificates which do not affect the substance thereof, provided that the Warrant Agent, relying on the advice of counsel, shall be of the opinion that such provisions and modifications are not prejudicial to the interests of the Warrant Holders;

     
  (b)

evidencing the succession, or successive successions, of other persons to the Corporation and the covenants of and obligations assumed by any such successor in accordance with the provisions of this Indenture;

     
  (c)

giving effect to any Extraordinary Resolution passed as provided in ARTICLE 7; and

     
  (d)

for any other purpose not inconsistent with the terms of this Indenture, provided that the Warrant Agent, relying on the advice of counsel, shall be of the opinion that such provisions and modifications are not prejudicial to the interests of the Warrant Holders.

     
  (e)

The Warrant Agent may also, without the consent or concurrence of the Warrant Holders, by supplemental indenture or otherwise, concur with the Corporation in making any changes or corrections in this Indenture which it shall have been advised by counsel in writing (who may, but need not be, counsel for the Corporation) are required for the purpose of curing or correcting any ambiguity or defective or inconsistent provisions or clerical omission or mistake or manifest error contained herein or in any deed or indenture supplemental or ancillary hereto or are required by law or in order to comply with the requirements of any stock exchange on which the Common Shares or the Warrants are, or are proposed to be, listed.

31


9.2         Documents, Moneys, etc. Held by Warrant Agent

Unless herein otherwise expressly provided, any of the funds held by the Warrant Agent may be deposited in a trust account in the name of the Warrant Agent (which may be held with the Warrant Agent or an affiliate or related party of the Warrant Agent), which account shall be non-interest bearing. Upon the written direction of the Corporation, the Warrant Agent shall invest in its name such funds in investments authorized by the Corporation in such written direction. Any direction by the Corporation to the Warrant Agent as to the investment of the funds shall be in writing and shall be provided to the Warrant Agent no later than 9:00 a.m. on the day on which the investment is to be made. Any such direction received by the Warrant Agent after 9:00 a.m. or received on a non-Business Day shall be deemed to have been given prior to 9:00 a.m. on the next Business Day.

9.3         Cancellation of Warrant Certificates

All Warrant Certificates exchanged for other Warrant Certificates as provided in Section 3.10 and all Warrant Certificates delivered to the Warrant Agent as provided in Section 4.1 shall be cancelled and held in storage and in due course destroyed by the Warrant Agent and, if required by the Corporation in writing, the Warrant Agent shall furnish the Corporation with a certificate as to the destruction.

9.4         Satisfaction and Discharge

Upon proof being given to the reasonable satisfaction of the Warrant Agent that all the Warrants have been exercised, that all funds have been deposited in accordance with Section 4.1(a) and that all funds have been delivered to the Corporation, and in any event upon the Expiry Date, and upon payment of all costs, charges and expenses properly incurred by the Warrant Agent in relation to this Indenture and of all interest thereon and the remuneration of the Warrant Agent, or upon provision satisfactory to the Warrant Agent being made therefor, the Warrant Agent shall, at the request and at the expense of the Corporation, execute and deliver to the Corporation such deeds or other instruments as shall be requisite to evidence the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture and to release the Corporation from its covenants herein contained except those relating to the indemnification of the Warrant Agent.

9.5         Notice to the Corporation

Any notice to the Corporation under the provisions hereof shall be valid and effective if delivered by hand, courier or facsimile to the Corporation, to the attention of the President at #789 – 999 West Hastings Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6C 2W2, facsimile 604-688-6260, and any notice so delivered shall be deemed to be validly given when delivered so long as delivery falls on a Business Day. The Corporation may from time to time notify the Warrant Agent of a change in address which thereafter, until changed by like notice, shall be the address of the Corporation for all purposes of this Indenture.

32


9.6         Notice to the Warrant Agent

Any notice to the Warrant Agent under the provisions hereof shall be valid and effective if delivered by hand, courier or facsimile to the Warrant Agent, to the attention of the Senior Account Manager, at #1900 – 925 West Georgia Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6C 3L2, facsimile 604-484-8638, and any notice so delivered shall be deemed to be validly given when delivered so long as delivery falls on a Business Day. The Warrant Agent may from time to time notify the Corporation of a change in address which thereafter, until changed by like notice, shall be the address of the Warrant Agent for all purposes of this Indenture.

9.7         Notice to Warrant Holders

  (a)

Unless herein otherwise expressly provided, a notice to be given hereunder to Warrant Holders will be deemed to be validly given if the notice is sent by mail, postage prepaid, addressed to the holders at their respective addresses appearing on any of the registers of Holders described in Section 3.13. Any notice so mailed shall be deemed to have been received on the fifth Business Day following the date of the postmark on such notice.

     
 

Accidental error or omission in giving notice or accidental failure to mail notice to any Holder will not invalidate any action or proceeding founded thereon.

     
  (b)

All notices may be given to whichever one of the Warrant Holders (if more than one) is named first in the appropriate register hereinbefore mentioned, and any notice so given shall be sufficient notice to all Warrant Holders of and any other persons (if any) interested in such Warrants.

9.8         Mail Service Interruption

  (a)

If by reason of any interruption of mail service, actual or threatened, any notice to be given to the Warrant Holders, the Warrant Agent or the Corporation would be unlikely to reach its destination in the ordinary course of mail, such notice shall be valid and effective only if:

       
  (i)

in the case of the Warrant Agent or the Corporation, delivered to an officer of the party to which it is addressed or if sent to such party, at the appropriate address in accordance with Section 9.6 and 9.5, respectively, by telegram, facsimile or other means of prepaid transmitted or recorded communication; and

       
  (ii)

in the case of Warrant Holders, if published once (a) in the national edition of the Globe & Mail; and (b) in such other place or places and manner, if any, as the Warrant Agent may require.

       
  (b)

Any notice given to Warrant Holders by publication shall be deemed to have been given on the last day on which publication is required pursuant to Section 9.8(a)(ii), above.

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9.9         Sole Benefit of Parties and Warrant Holders

Nothing in this Indenture or the Warrant Certificates, expressed or implied, will give or be construed to give any person other than the parties hereto and the Warrant Holders, as the case may be, any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under this Indenture or the Warrant Certificates, or under any covenant or provision herein or therein contained, all such covenants and provisions being for the sole benefit of the parties hereto and the Warrant Holders.

9.10       Third Party Interests

The Corporation hereby represents to the Warrant Agent that any account to be opened by, or interest to held by, the Warrant Agent in connection with this Indenture, for or to the credit of such party, is not intended to be used by or on behalf of any third party.

9.11       Privacy Matters

The parties acknowledge that federal and/or provincial legislation that addresses the protection of individuals' personal information (collectively, "Privacy Laws") applies to obligations and activities under this Indenture. Despite any other provision of this Indenture, neither party shall take or direct any action that would contravene, or cause the other to contravene, applicable Privacy Laws. The Corporation shall, prior to transferring or causing to be transferred personal information to the Warrant Agent, obtain and retain required consents of the relevant individuals to the collection, use and disclosure of their personal information, or shall have determined that such consents either have previously been given upon which the parties can rely or are not required under the Privacy Laws. The Warrant Agent shall use commercially reasonable efforts to ensure that its services hereunder comply with Privacy Laws. Specifically, the Warrant Agent agrees: (a) to have a designated chief privacy officer; (b) to maintain policies and procedures to protect personal information and to receive and respond to any privacy complaint or inquiry; (c) to use personal information solely for the purposes of providing its services under or ancillary to this Indenture and not to use it for any other purpose except with the consent of or direction from the Corporation or the individual involved; (d) not to sell or otherwise improperly disclose personal information to any third party; and (e) to employ administrative, physical and technological safeguards to reasonably secure and protect personal information against loss, theft, or unauthorized access, use or modification.

9.12        Counterparts

This Indenture may be executed in one or more counterparts, each of which when so executed shall be deemed to be an original and such counterparts together shall constitute one and the same instrument and, notwithstanding their date of execution, shall be deemed to bear date as of the date first above written.

9.13       Time of Essence

Time shall be of the essence of this Indenture and of the Warrants issued hereunder.

34






Schedule “A”

Warrant Certificate

(see attached)














































































































Exploration Joint Venture Agreement

 

Jervois Mining Limited
ACN 007 626 575

and

 

EMC Metals Corporation
Registration Number BC0763619

 

 

Middletons
Melbourne office
Ref: DMB.10022564


Table of Contents

1. Definitions and interpretation 1
1.1 Definitions 1
1.2 Interpretation 8
2. Conditions precedent 9
2.1 Conditions precedent to completion 9
2.2 Parties must use best endeavours 10
2.3 Fulfilment by waiver 10
2.4 Failure of condition 10
2.5 Escrow Amount 11
3. Establishment of Joint Venture 11
3.1 Formation of the Joint Venture 11
3.2 Objects and scope of Joint Venture 11
3.3 Rights, obligations and liabilities of parties 12
3.4 Party covenants 12
3.5 Party warranties 12
3.6 Jervois Warranties 13
3.7 Prior Royalty 13
4. Initial Exploration Work 13
     
5. Feasibility Study 15
     
6. Joint Venture Interest 15
6.1 Initial Joint Venture Interest of Parties 15
6.2 EMC Joint Venture Interest 15
6.3 No obligation to demonstrate expenses 15
7. Management Committee 16
7.1 Establishment 16
7.2 General responsibilities 16
7.3 Membership 16
7.4 Meetings 16
7.5 Quorum 17
7.6 Voting 17
7.7 Minutes 18
7.8 Costs 18
7.9 Sub-committees 18
8. Manager 18
8.1 Appointment of Manager 18
8.2 Term of appointment of Manager 18
8.3 Remuneration 18
8.4 Appointment of new Manager 19
8.5 Liability of Manager 19
8.6 Indemnity to Manager 19
9. Functions, powers and duties of Manager 19
9.1 Functions of the Manager 19



Table of Contents (ctd) 2  

9.2 Powers and duties of the Manager 20
9.3 Manager’s obligations are subject to provision of funds 21
9.4 Manager may delegate 22
9.5 Agreement with Related Body Corporate 22
9.6 Litigation 22
10. Decision to Mine 22
     
11. Mining JV 22
     
12. Contribution to Joint Venture Costs 23
12.1 Ongoing contributions 23
12.2 Cash Calls 23
13. Programmes and Budgets 23
13.1 Proposed Programme and Budget 23
13.2 Approved Programme and Budget 23
13.3 Expenditure not covered by Programme and Budget 24
14. Accounts, reports, audit and access 24
14.1 Joint Venture accounting 24
14.2 Reports to Joint Venturers 24
14.3 Joint Venture accounts and audit 24
14.4 Individual Joint Venturer responsibilities 25
14.5 Joint Venturer access 25
15. Withdrawal and Dilution 25
15.1 Required payments 25
15.2 Withdrawal prior to Mining JV Commencement Date 25
15.3 Other obligations 25
15.4 Unpaid cash calls 25
15.5 Dilution 27
15.6 Additional Called Sums 28
15.7 Re-assessment of Programme and Budget 28
15.8 Transfer of Joint venture Interest 28
15.9 Withdrawal of Dilution Notice 28
15.10 Minimum Joint Venture Interest and Royalty 28
16. Default 29
16.1 Default Events 29
16.2 Breach Default Events to be remedied 29
16.3 Unpaid Monies Default Event 29
16.4 Proceedings against Defaulting Joint Venturer 29
17. Term and termination 30
17.1 Term of Agreement 30
17.2 Winding up of Joint Venture Activities 30
17.3 Upon Termination of this Agreement 31
17.4 Continuing obligations 31
17.5 Extension of term 31
18. Confidentiality 31
18.1 Obligations of confidentiality 31



Table of Contents (ctd) 3  

18.2 Exceptions 31
18.3 Authorised disclosure 32
18.4 Return or destruction of confidential information 32
18.5 Warranties 33
18.6 Liability for breach by recipient 33
18.7 Indemnity from receiving party 33
18.8 Joint News Release 33
18.9 Survival of clause 33
19. Dispute resolution 33
19.1 Delivering a dispute notice 34
19.2 Parties must negotiate 34
19.3 Referral to Third Party 34
19.4 Determination by expert 34
19.5 Obligations of parties 35
19.6 Other proceedings 35
20. Force majeure 35
20.1 Giving of notice 35
20.2 Liability for force majeure 36
20.3 Exceptions 36
20.4 Effort to overcome 36
20.5 Right of termination 36
21. GST 36
21.1 Definitions 36
21.2 Consideration is GST exclusive 37
21.3 Payment of GST 37
21.4 Reimbursement of expenses 37
22. General 37
22.1 Nature of obligations 37
22.2 Time of the essence 37
22.3 Entire understanding 38
22.4 No adverse construction 38
22.5 Further assurances 38
22.6 No waiver 38
22.7 Severability 38
22.8 Successors and assigns 38
22.9 No assignment 38
22.10 Consents and approvals 39
22.11 No variation 39
22.12 Costs 39
22.13 Duty 39
22.14 Governing law and jurisdiction 39
22.15 Notices 39
22.16 Counterparts 40
22.17 Conflicting provisions 40
22.18 Non merger 40
22.19 Operation of indemnities 40
22.20 No right of set-off 40



Table of Contents (ctd) 4  

Schedule 1 Tenements 41
   
Schedule 2 Freehold Land 43
   
Schedule 3 Mining Joint Venture principles 44
   
Schedule 4 New Royalty Deed 45


Exploration Joint Venture Agreement

Date                     February 5, 2010

Parties

1.

Jervois Mining Limited ACN 007 626 575 of Suite 12, 10 Jamieson Street, Cheltenham Victoria, Australia 3192 ( Jervois )

   
2.

EMC Metals Corporation Registration Number BC0763619 of 11th Floor, 888 Dunsmuir Street - Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6C 3K4 ( EMC )

Background

A.

Jervois owns certain freehold land, tenements and exploration licences and information in respect of a site located at Nyngan, New South Wales as set out in the plan attached in Schedule 1 ( Site ) subject to the Prior Royalty.

   
B.

Significant scandium deposits may be located at the Site.

   
C.

EMC is involved in scandium related research and commercial development projects and requires access to resources containing scandium.

   
D.

The parties have agreed to establish a joint venture for the purpose of undertaking Exploration and Development activities with a view to commercially developing a dedicated scandium mine and processing plant at the Site.

   
E.

The Parties enter into this Agreement to set out the terms upon which EMC may acquire interests in the Joint Venture Property and the terms that will govern the Parties ongoing relationship in respect of the Joint Venture Property.

   
F.

Each Party has obtained the unconditional approval of its Board of Directors to the entry by that Party into and to the execution by that Party of this Agreement.

   
G.

The parties have agreed that the terms of this Agreement will be subject to the Prior Royalty and royalty payments due pursuant to the Prior Royalty will be met as a Joint Venture expense.

Agreed terms

1.

Definitions and interpretation

     
1.1

Definitions

     

In this Agreement:

     

Accounting Standards means:

     
(a)

the accounting standards made by the Australian Accounting Standards Board in accordance with the Corporations Act, and the requirements of that Act relating to the preparation and content of accounts; and



2

  (b)

generally accepted accounting principles that are consistently applied in Australia, except those inconsistent with the standards or requirements referred to in paragraph (a);

Affected Obligations and Affected Party have the meanings given to those terms in the definition of “Force Majeure Event”;

Agreement means this agreement including the background, any schedules and any annexures;

Approved Programmes and Budget means a programme and budget relating to Joint Venture Activities during a particular period which has been approved or deemed to have been approved by the Management Committee under this Agreement;

Auditor means a registered company auditor under the Corporations Act appointed by the Management Committee at the cost of the Joint Venture to conduct an audit each Year of the accounts of the Joint Venture;

Authorisation means any consent, permit authorisation, registration, filing, agreement, notarisation, certificate, permission, licence, approval, authority or exemption whether from, by or with, a Governmental Agency or any other person;

Business Day means a day that is not a Saturday, Sunday, public holiday or bank holiday in Melbourne, Australia or in Vancouver, Canada;

Cash Call means a call by the Manager for the Joint Venturers to contribute their respective share of the Joint Venture Costs for a Year in accordance with clause 12.2;

Commencement Date means the date upon which each of the Conditions Precedent are satisfied or waived in accordance with clause 2;

Conditions Precedent means the conditions precedent to this Agreement set out in clause 2;

Confidential Information means:

  (a)

the terms of this Agreement and its subject matter, including Information submitted or disclosed by either party during negotiations, discussions and meetings relating to this Agreement;

     
  (b)

Information that at the time of disclosure by a Disclosing Party is identified to the Receiving Party as being confidential; and

     
  (c)

all other Information belonging or relating to a Disclosing Party, or any Related Entity of that Disclosing Party, that is not generally available to the public at the time of disclosure other than by reason of a breach of this Agreement or which the Receiving Party knows, or ought reasonably to be expected to know, is confidential to that Disclosing Party or any Related Entity of that Disclosing Party;

Controller means, in relation to a person:

  (a)

a receiver, receiver and manager, administrator or liquidator (whether provisional or otherwise) of that person or that person's property; or

     
  (b)

anyone else who (whether or not as agent for the person) is in possession, or has control, of that person's property to enforce an Encumbrance;



3

Corporations Act means the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) ;

Development means the development of a commercial Mining operation for Minerals;

Development Expenditure means all cash, expenses, obligations and liabilities of whatever kind or nature spent or incurred directly or indirectly in connection with the exploration and development of the Tenements, including without limitation:

  (a)

monies expended in maintaining the Tenements in good standing by doing and filing assessment work:

       
  (b)

geophysical, geochemical and geological surveys, drilling, assaying and metallurgical testing and marketing studies;

       
  (c)

acquiring facilities;

       
  (d)

paying the fees, wages, salaries, travel expenses and fringe benefits (whether or not required by law) of all persons engaged in work with respect to and for the benefit of the Joint Venture Activities;

       
  (e)

paying for the food, lodging and other reasonable needs of such persons:

       
  (i)

supervision of management of all work done with respect to and for the benefit of the Joint Venture Activities, but not including any head office administrative or overhead expenses whether direct or allocated;

       
  (ii)

a credit towards exploration and development expenditures of on account of head office administrative or overhead expenses which shall not exceed 10% of the exploration and development expenditures incurred directly on the Joint Venture Activities.

Decision to Mine means a decision made by the Management Committee to proceed to Development and Mining of a Deposit within the Tenements;

Defaulting Joint Venturer means a Joint Venturer which has committed a breach of this Agreement;

Deposit means an ore body located within the Tenements;

Development means the development of a commercial Mining operation for Minerals; Diluting Joint Venturer has the meaning given in clause 15.4(f); Dilution Notice has the meaning given in clause 15.4(f); Disclosing Party means the party to whom Information belongs or relates; Earned Interest Date means the date set out in clause 6.2(b); Election Date has the meaning given in clause 4;

Emergency means a situation involving actual or reasonably apprehended substantial damage to or loss of Joint Venture Property or injury to persons or loss of life;

Encumbrance means:


4

  (a)

an interest or power reserved in or over an interest in an asset, including any retention of title;

     
  (b)

an interest or power created or arising in or over an interest in an asset under a bill of sale, mortgage, charge, lien, pledge, trust or other similar instrument, device or power; or

     
  (c)

any other adverse right, title or interest of any nature, by way of security for the payment of a debt or the performance of any other obligation,

and includes any agreement or arrangement (whether legally binding or not) to grant or create any of the above;

Exploration means search for, discovery and delineation of commercial deposits of Minerals at the Site and the evaluation of such deposits, including prospecting, surface mapping, sampling, aerial mapping and reconnaissance, drilling, trenching and related field work, geophysical and geochemical testing, core sampling, assaying, test mining, analysis and evaluation of activities undertaken and results obtained, conducting metallurgical testing, preliminary feasibility studies, preparing Feasibility Study reports and planning, supervising and administrating all activities undertaken;

Feasibility Study means a NI 43-101 compliant feasibility study, reviewed and endorsed in writing by a recognized independent minerals industry consulting firm which is an independent qualified person for the purpose as defined in NI 43-101, prepared in a form and manner and with all necessary consents and authorizations of the independent qualified person such that it can be filed and used by EMC and JRV in compliance with NI 43-101, and in a form customarily required by third-party financing organizations, showing the feasibility of placing the Site into production, in such form and detail and using such assumption as to mineral prices customarily used in determining the viability of similar mining projects and including a reasonable assessment of the mineable mineral reserves and their amenability to milling, a description of the work, equipment and supplies required to bring the Site into production and the estimated cost thereof, a description of the mining methods to be employed and a financial appraisal of the proposed operations;

Financial Year means each period of 12 months commencing on 1 July;

Force Majeure Event means any act, event or cause including:

  (a)

an act of God, peril of the sea, accident of navigation, war, sabotage, riot, act of terrorism, insurrection, civil commotion, national emergency (whether in fact or law), martial law, fire, lightning, flood, cyclone, earthquake, landslide, storm or other adverse weather conditions, explosion, power shortage, strike or other labour difficulty (whether or not involving employees of the party concerned), epidemic, quarantine, radiation or radioactive contamination;

     
  (b)

an action or inaction of a Government Agency, including expropriation, restraint, prohibition, intervention, requisition, requirement, direction or embargo by legislation, regulation, decree or other legally enforceable order;

     
  (c)

Native Title Claims; or

     
  (d)

unavailability of equipment or transport, or inability to access the Tenements or any relevant portion of them,



5

to the extent that the act, event or cause directly or indirectly results in a party ( Affected Party ) being prevented from or delayed in performing one or more of its material obligations under this Agreement ( Affected Obligations );

Freehold Land means the land described in Schedule 2;;

Government Agency means any government or any public, statutory, governmental (including a local government), semi-governmental or judicial body, entity, department or authority and includes any self-regulatory organisation established under statute;

GST Act means A New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax) Act 1999 (Cth) ;

Gross Negligence means a reckless disregard for the consequences of an act or omission;

Information means any information, whether oral, graphic, electronic, written or in any other form, including:

  (a)

forms, memoranda, letters, specifications, processes, procedures, statements, formulae, technology, inventions, trade secrets, research and development information, know how, designs, plans, photographs, microfiche, business records, notes, accounting procedures or financial information, sales and marketing information, names and details of customers, suppliers and agents, employee details, reports, drawings and data;

     
  (b)

copies and extracts made of or from that information and data, whether translated from the original form, recompiled, partially copied, modified, updated or otherwise altered; and

     
  (c)

samples or specimens (if any) disclosed either before or after execution of this Agreement;

Initial Exploration Works has the meaning given in clause 4;

Initial Exploration Works Period has the meaning given in clause 4;

Insolvency Event means, in relation to a party, any one or more of the following events or circumstances:

  (a)

being in liquidation or provisional liquidation or under administration;

     
  (b)

having a Controller or analogous person appointed to it or any of its property;

     
  (c)

being taken under section 459F(1) of the Corporations Act to have failed to comply with a statutory demand;

     
  (d)

being unable to pay its debts or being otherwise insolvent;

     
  (e)

becoming an insolvent under administration, as defined in section 9 of the Corporations Act;

     
  (f)

entering into a compromise or arrangement with, or assignment for the benefit of, any of its members or creditors;

     
  (g)

any analogous event or circumstance under the laws of any jurisdiction,



6

unless such event or circumstance occurs as part of a solvent reconstruction, amalgamation, compromise, arrangement, merger or consolidation approved by the other party;

Joint Venture means the joint venture established under this Agreement;

Joint Venture Activities means all activities directed towards the achievement of the objects of the Joint Venture set out in clause 3.2 or any one or more of those activities;

Joint Venture Costs means all costs, expenses and liabilities incurred in connection with Joint Venture Activities, accounted for in accordance with this Agreement;

Joint Venture Interest means the interest of each Joint Venturer in the Joint Venture Property under this Agreement;

Joint Venture Property means the Freehold Land, the Tenements and all Information held by Jervois in relation to the Tenements and, where the context requires, all rights, titles, interest, claims, benefits and all other property of whatever kind, real or personal, from time to time owned by the Parties for the purposes of the Joint Venture;

Joint Venturers means the parties to this Agreement;

Law means:

  (a)

principles of law or equity established by decisions of courts;

     
  (b)

statutes, regulations or by-laws of the Commonwealth, a State, a Territory or a Government Agency; and

     
  (c)

requirements and approvals (including conditions) of the Commonwealth, a State, a Territory or a Government Agency that have the force of law;

Listing Rules means the listing rules of the ASX Limited ACN 008 624 691 as amended from time to time;

Management Committee means the committee established by the parties under clause 7;

Manager means EMC or such other manager as may be engaged from time to time under the terms of this Agreement or appointed by the Management Committee from time to time under this Agreement;

Minerals means all minerals;

Mining means all operations associated with the extraction and treatment of Minerals on a commercial bass;

Mining Act means the Mining Act 1992 (NSW) and any regulations promulgated pursuant to that Act;

Mining JV Commencement Date means the date on which the parties make the Decision to Mine and enter into the Mining JVA;

Mining JVA means the Mining Joint Venture Agreement to be entered into by the parties on the Mining JV Commencement Date on terms not inconsistent with:


7

  (a)

the principles set out in Schedule 3; and

     
  (b)

this Agreement;

Native Title Claim means either:

  (a)

any claim, application or proceeding in respect of Native Title Rights which is accepted by the Native Title Tribunal or the Registrar thereof pursuant to the

     
 

Native Title Act 1993 (Cth) ; or

     
  (b)

any claim, application or proceeding in respect of those rights, interest and statutory protections of and relating to aboriginal persons as set out in the legislation of New South Wales or the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Heritage Protection Act 1984 (Cth) ;

Native Title Rights has the same meaning as the expressions “native title” or “native title rights and interest” as defined in section 223(1) of the Native Title Act 1993 (Cth) and includes those rights, interests and statutory protections of and relating to aboriginal persons as set out in the relevant legislation of New South Wales or the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Heritage Protection Act 1984 (Cth) ;

New Royalty has the meaning given in clause 15.4(f);

New Royalty Deed means a royalty deed containing the provisions set out in Schedule 4;

Option Payment has the meaning given in clause 2;

Penalty Interest Rate means the rate which is 2% per annum above the rate specified from time to time under section 2 of the Penalty Interest Rates Act 1983 (Vic) .

Prior Royalty means the royalty interest under the agreement between Jervois, Plumbum Pty Ltd and Kannateal Pty Ltd dated 4 June 2002 as amended by the Addendum to that agreement dated 30 October 2003;

Proposed Programme and Budget means a work programme and budget for a given Financial Year, or other agreed period, in relation to the conduct of the Joint Venture Activities proposed by the Manager;

Receiving Party means the party to whom Information is disclosed or who possesses or otherwise acquires Information belonging or relating to a Disclosing Party;

Rehabilitation Obligations means the obligations of the Joint Venturers under the Mining Act, all Tenements and Authorisations, and all applicable statutory and contractual obligations relating to the rehabilitation, revegetation and cleaning up of the Site during and following completion of the Joint Venture Activities;

Related Body Corporate has the meaning given to that term in the Corporations Act;

Related Entity has the meaning given to that term in the Corporations Act;

Satisfaction Date means the date occurring 60 Business Days after the date of execution of this Agreement or such later date as the parties may agree in writing;

Scandium means the metal Scandium with the symbol Sc in the periodic table of the elements;


8

Shutdown Costs means all costs associated with shutting down all Joint Venture Activities including the costs associated with the satisfaction of the Rehabilitation Obligations and any redundancy or termination benefits or payments to any consultant or contractor or employee who is engaged by the Manager in the conduct of Joint Venture Activities, but only to the extent of the period for which an employee was engaged with the Joint Venture Activities;

   

Site has the meaning given in Background A to this Agreement;

   

Tenement means the mining tenement or tenements listed in Schedule 1 and includes any lease, licence, claim, permit or other authority issued or to be issued under the Mining Act to Jervois for the purposes of the Joint Venture which confers or may confer a right to prospect, explore for or mine any Mineral in the Site, or which may facilitate the enjoyment of such rights, and includes any application for, and any extension, renewal, conversion or substitution of, any of those tenements;

   

Third Party means a person who is not a party to this Agreement; and

   

Wilful Misconduct means an act or omission done or omitted recklessly or wantonly without regard for the consequences of that act or omission.

   
1.2

Interpretation

   

In this Agreement, unless the context requires otherwise:


  (a)

the singular includes the plural and vice versa;

     
  (b)

a gender includes the other genders;

     
  (c)

the headings are used for convenience only and do not affect the interpretation of this Agreement;

     
  (d)

other grammatical forms of defined words or expressions have corresponding meanings;

     
  (e)

a reference to a document includes the document as modified from time to time and any document replacing it;

     
  (f)

if something is to be or may be done on a day that is not a Business Day then it must be done on the next Business Day;

     
  (g)

the word "person" includes a natural person and any body or entity whether incorporated or not;

     
  (h)

the word "month" means calendar month and the word "year" means 12 months;

     
  (i)

the words "in writing" include any communication sent by letter, facsimile transmission or email or any other form of communication capable of being read by the recipient;

     
  (j)

a reference to a thing includes a part of that thing;

     
  (k)

a reference to all or any part of a statute, rule, regulation or ordinance ( statute ) includes that statute as amended, consolidated, re-enacted or replaced from time to time;



9

  (l)

wherever "include" or any form of that word is used, it must be construed as if it were followed by "(without being limited to)";

     
  (m)

money amounts are stated in Australian currency unless otherwise specified; and

     
  (n)

a reference to any agency or body, if that agency or body ceases to exist or is reconstituted, renamed or replaced or has its powers or functions removed ( defunct body ), means the agency or body which performs most closely the functions of the defunct body.


2.

Conditions precedent

   
2.1

Conditions precedent to completion

   

The formation of the Joint Venture is conditional on each of the following conditions ( Conditions ) being satisfied, or waived under clause 2.3, on or before the Satisfaction Date or any other date agreed by the parties in writing:


  Condition    Party entitled
         to benefit
  (a)

EMC being reasonably satisfied that Jervois, subject to the Prior Royalty interest, is the sole and beneficial owner of the Joint Venture Property at the date of execution of this Agreement, free of encumbrances or claims by Third Parties and that the Joint Venture Property is in good standing under the relevant legislation.

   EMC
   

 

 
  (b)

 

   Jervois
   

 

 
  (i)

EMC having paid the amount required under clause 2.5 ( Escrow Amount ) into the escrow account established under clause 2.5; and

   

 

 
  (ii)

Freehills releasing the Escrow Amount to Jervois in accordance with clause 2.5(c).

   

 

 
  (c)

Approval of the Toronto Stock Exchange of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated by it.

   Jervois and EMC
   

 

 
  (d)

Consent of the New South Wales state government to the transactions contemplated in this Agreement or each of the Parties being reasonably satisfied that consent is not required.

   Jervois and EMC
   

 

 
  (e)

If required, EMC gives the Treasurer of Australia a notice under section 25 (or, where applicable, section 26 or 26A) of the Foreign Acquisitions and Takeovers Act 1975 (Cth) ( FATA ) relating to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and:

   Jervois and EMC
     

 

 
  (i)

the Treasurer advises EMC that the Commonwealth of Australia has no objection to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and any conditions imposed by the Treasurer are reasonably acceptable to EMC and Jervois; or



10

  Condition    Party entitled
         to benefit
(ii)

the period in which the Treasurer is empowered to make an order under Part II of FATA lapses without the Treasurer having made such an order.

   

 

 
(f)

Jervois being reasonably satisfied of the financial capacity of Jervois EMC to carry out its obligations under the Agreement.


2.2

Parties must use best endeavours

       
(a)

Each party must use its best endeavours (within its own capacity) to ensure that each condition referred to in clause 2.1 ( Condition ) is fulfilled or waived on or before the date specified in that clause.

       
(b)

Each party must:

       
(i)

supply each other party with copies of all applications made and documents supplied for the purpose of fulfilling any Condition;

       
(ii)

not take any action that would, or would be likely to, prevent or hinder the fulfilment of any Condition; and

       
(iii)

within 2 Business Days of a party becoming aware that a Condition has been fulfilled, notify the other parties in writing of that fact.

       
(c)

Nothing in this clause 2.2 requires a party to waive any Condition under clause 2.3 or accept unreasonable conditions or requirements imposed by Third Parties to satisfy any Condition.

       
(d)

Without limiting anything in clause 2.2(a) or 2.2(b), EMC must apply for (and do everything reasonably necessary to obtain) the approval referred to in clause 2.1(c) immediately on execution of this Agreement.

       
2.3

Fulfilment by waiver

       

A Condition is only waived:

       
(a)

where the Condition is expressed to be for the benefit of a party, if that party gives notice of waiver of the Condition to the other party; or

       
(b)

otherwise, if the parties agree in writing to waive the Condition,

       

but only to the extent set out in the waiver.

       
2.4

Failure of condition

       
(a)

If a party has complied with its obligations under clause 2.2, it may terminate this Agreement by giving notice to the other party if:

       
(i)

each Condition is not fulfilled, or waived under clause 2.3, before 5.00pm on the Satisfaction Date; or



11

  (ii)

a Condition having been fulfilled, that Condition does not remain fulfilled in all respects at all times until the Satisfaction Date.


  (b)

On termination under clause 2.4(a), no party has any obligation or liability to any other party, except in connection with claims that arose before termination.


2.5

Escrow Amount

       
(a)

Within 5 days of execution of this Agreement, EMC must pay into an interest- bearing escrow account established by the Australian law firm, Freehills (John Tivey, Partner) in favour of Jervois the sum of CAD$300,000 (together with any goods and services tax, other taxes or charges that may be imposed on payment of that amount) ( Escrow Amount ).

       
(b)

The Escrow Amount is to be held in escrow by Freehills in favour of Jervois in accordance with this clause 2.5 pending satisfaction or waiver of each Condition (other than the Conditions referred to in clause 2.1(b)) prior to the Satisfaction Date.

       
(c)

EMC must instruct Freehills to release, and Freehills must release, the Escrow Amount (together with any accrued interest on the Escrow Amount) to Jervois on the date that the last Condition (other than the Conditions referred to in clause 2.1(b)) is satisfied or waived.

       
(d)

If this Agreement is terminated under clause 2.4(a), EMC may instruct Freehills to release the Escrow Amount (together with any accrued interest on the Escrow Amount) to EMC.

       
3.

Establishment of Joint Venture

       
3.1

Formation of the Joint Venture

       

The parties agree to establish with effect from the Commencement Date an unincorporated joint venture on and subject to the terms set out in this Agreement.

       
3.2

Objects and scope of Joint Venture

       
(a)

The objects of the Joint Venture are to:

       
(i)

assess the technical and economic viability of a mine and processing plant at the Site;

       
(ii)

explore the Tenements for Minerals and, without limitation, for Scandium;

       
(iii)

identify whether there is a commercially mineable resource of Scandium at the Site;

       
(iv)

conduct the Feasibility Study;

       
(v)

if the Feasibility Study indicates a commercially mineable resource and the parties make the Decision to Mine, carry out Mining and Development at the Site; and

       
(vi)

negotiate and implement the Mining JVA.



12

 

with the objective of carrying out mine development, mining operations and processing operations for Scandium oxide of a marketable quality with an annual production capacity of at least 10 metric tonnes of Scandium Oxide (Sc 2 O 3 ) on and subject to the terms set out in this Agreement.

     
  (b)

The scope of the Joint Venture Activities under this Agreement does not extend to Mining or any other activity, unless the parties otherwise agree in writing.


3.3

Rights, obligations and liabilities of parties

       

The Joint Venturers agree that:

       
(c)

other than where specifically indicated to the contrary in this Agreement, the rights, duties, obligations and liabilities of the parties will in every case, be several and not joint, nor joint and several;

       
(d)

the relationship between the parties is one of joint venturers and, except as expressly and specifically provided for in this Agreement, nothing contained in this Agreement constitutes any party as an agent, partner, employee, representative or trustee of the other party, or creates any agency, partnership, employment or representative relationship or trust for any purpose whatsoever; and

       
(e)

except as otherwise specifically provided for in this Agreement, each party does not have any authority or power to act for, or to create or assume any responsibility, liability or obligation on behalf of the other party.

       
3.4

Party covenants

       
(a)

Each Joint Venturer covenants and agrees as a separate covenant with the other party:

       
(i)

to perform any obligations and commitments it may have in relation to the Site under the Mining Act or other applicable legislation;

       
(ii)

to perform its obligations under or relating to the fulfilment of any contract which relates to the Joint Venture or the Joint Venture Activities;

       
(iii)

not to engage either alone or in association with another or others in any activity over the Site except as provided or authorised under this Agreement; and

       
(iv)

to be just and faithful, to cooperate with and act reasonably in all its dealings with the other party and the Manager concerning the Joint Venture, provided that, except as expressly provided by this Agreement, neither party is under any fiduciary or other duty to the other party.

       
(b)

For the avoidance of doubt, each party has the unrestricted right to engage in and receive the full benefit of any competing activities outside the Site.

       
3.5

Party warranties

       

Each Joint Venturer warrants for the benefit of the other Joint Venturer that:

       
(a)

( Incorporation ) it is validly incorporated, organised and subsisting in accordance with the Laws of its place of incorporation;



13

  (b)

( Power and capacity ) it has full power and capacity to enter into and perform its obligations under this Agreement;

     
  (c)

( Corporate authorisations ) all necessary authorisations for the execution, delivery and performance by it of this Agreement in accordance with its terms have been obtained;

     
  (d)

( No legal impediment ) its execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement complies with its constitution and does not constitute a breach of any Law or obligation, or cause a default under any agreement by which it is bound; and

     
  (e)

( No trust ) it enters into and performs this Agreement on its own account and not as trustee for or nominee of any other person.


3.6

Jervois Warranties

       

Jervois warrants to EMC that as at the date of execution of this Agreement:

       
(a)

the tangible and intangible property related to the Tenements is in good standing;

       
(b)

all taxes, rentals and other payments and all acts required to be done to maintain the Tenements in good standing have been paid and made and there has been no default by Jervois which would allow any other rights comprised in the project to be cancelled;

       
(c)

Jervois owns the Joint Venture Property at the date of execution of this Agreement free and clear of any claims, encumbrances and restrictions on transfer; and

       
(d)

other than the Prior Royalty, no Third Party has any interest, royalty, or right to acquire any interest or royalty, in the Project.

       
3.7

Prior Royalty

       

The parties acknowledge and agree that:

       
(a)

the terms of this Agreement will be subject to the Prior Royalty; and

       
(b)

and royalty payments due pursuant to the Prior Royalty after the date of this Agreement will be met as a Joint Venture expense.

       
4.

Initial Exploration Work

       
(a)

Upon the Commencement Date, EMC will conduct solely at its own expense a program of initial exploration work in connection with the Site consisting of, as a minimum:

       
(i)

the expenditure of at least A$500,000 plus GST;

       
(ii)

investigations to confirm the Scandium resource on the Site; and

       
(iii)

substantial laboratory test work to optimise the process flow sheet for Scandium extraction from the Nyngan laterite using innovative technology developed by Jervois, CSIRO and TTS Inc



14

 

( Initial Exploration Works ).

     
 

The Initial Exploration Works are to be completed within 180 Business Days of the commencement of the Exploration and Development JVA ( Initial Exploration Works Period ).

     
  (b)

If EMC does not proceed with or complete the Initial Exploration Works as required by clause 4 within the Initial Exploration Works Period, the Agreement will terminate and EMC must pay to Jervois:


  (i)

the difference between the amount actually incurred by EMC in connection with the Initial Exploration Works and A$500,000; and

     
  (ii)

interest at the Penalty Interest Rate on that sum calculated on a monthly basis from the Commencement to the date on which it is paid.


  (c)

The amount payable to Jervois in accordance with clause 4(b) is a debt due to Jervois and payable to Jervois within 40 Business Days of the date on which EMC discontinue the Initial Exploration Works or the expiry of the Initial Works Exploration Period, whichever occurs first.

     
  (d)

Within 60 Business Days of the completion of the Initial Exploration Works or the conclusion of the Initial Works Exploration Period (whichever is the earlier):


  (i)

EMC will provide a summary report to Jervois within 40 Business Days of the Initial Exploration Works Period consisting of any and all technical and geological information pertaining to the Gilgai Resource and including (as a minimum):


  (A)

a summary of all activities completed;

     
  (B)

all engineering studies;

     
  (C)

technical data and analysis of the technical data;

     
  (D)

exploration outcomes;

     
  (E)

expenditure summary; and

     
  (F)

estimates of likely capital expenditure operational expenditure.


  (ii)

EMC will notify Jervois in writing whether it intends to proceed with or withdraw from the Joint Venture ( Election Date ).


  (e)

If EMC elects, in accordance with clause 4(d), to proceed with the Joint Venture:


  (i)

Apart from the Parties' specific obligations under this Agreement, EMC and Jervois will with effect from the Election Date equally share all obligations and liabilities associated with the Freehold Land, Tenements and Information associated with the Site and all the costs associated with any authorisations and approvals required for the Joint Venture; and

     
  (ii)

EMC will at its own cost proceed with all works necessary to produce the Feasibility Study.



15

5.

Feasibility Study

     
(a)

With effect from the Election Date, (should EMC elect to proceed) EMC will continue with all exploration and evaluation work required to prepare a final Feasibility Study within 240 Business Days of the expiry of the Election Date.

     
(b)

EMC will deliver a copy of the Feasibility Study to Jervois within 5 Business Days of it being signed in accordance with clause 5(a).

     
(c)

If:


  (i)

EMC does not deliver the Feasibility Study to Jervois in accordance with clause 5(a); or

     
  (ii)

the Feasibility Study does not conclude that there is a commercially minable resource or the project is technically or economically viable,

this agreement will terminate.

6.

Joint Venture Interest

   
6.1

Initial Joint Venture Interest of Parties

   

The Initial Joint Venture Interest of the Parties under this Agreement is:


  Jervois 100%
     
  EMC Nil

6.2

EMC Joint Venture Interest

       
(a)

If:

       
(i)

EMC delivers the Feasibility Study in accordance with clause 5(a);

       
(ii)

the Feasibility Study concludes there is a commercially mineable resource and that the project is technically and economically viable;

       
(iii)

EMC makes payment to Jervois, within 5 Business Days of the delivery of the Feasibility Study, of the sum of AUD$1,300,000.00 plus GST as reimbursement for expenses Jervois has incurred in conducting preliminary exploration works at the Site; and

       
(iv)

EMC has otherwise met all of its obligations under this Agreement;

       

the Parties Joint Venture Interests under this Agreement will be:


  Jervois 50%
     
  EMC 50%

  (b)

The date upon which this occurs will be known as the Earned Interest Date .


6.3

No obligation to demonstrate expenses



16

Jervois is not required to satisfy EMC that it has incurred expenditures in conducting preliminary exploration works at the Site in the amount of AUD$1,300,000.00 or at all.

     
7.

Management Committee

     
7.1

Establishment

     

As soon as practicable after the Commencement Date, the Joint Venturers must establish and maintain a Management Committee to which each Joint Venturer must appoint a representative in writing.

     
7.2

General responsibilities

     
(a)

Subject to this Agreement the Management Committee will have overall management and control of the Joint Venture.

     
(b)

Without limiting clause 7.2(a), the Management Committee is to supervise the Manager in the management of the Joint Venture and to make, subject to this Agreement, all strategic decisions relating to the conduct of Joint Venture Activities, including the consideration and approval of any Proposed Programme and Budget and any amendments to any Approved Programme and Budget.

     
(c)

All decisions of the Management Committee which are within the power, authority or discretion of the Management Committee or are by this Agreement matters to be determined by resolution of the Management Committee are binding on the Joint Venturers and the Manager.

     
7.3

Membership

     
(a)

The Management Committee will consist of two members (and their alternates) appointed by each Joint Venturer. An alternate will represent the member and exercise all the powers of the member when the member is absent from a meeting.

     
(b)

Each Joint Venturer may remove any member (or the alternate) appointed by it and appoint another by giving notice to all the Joint Venturers.

     
(c)

Each member has full power and authority to represent and bind the Joint Venturer which appointed him or her in all matters decided by the Management Committee and the Joint Venturer is bound by all votes cast by its representative.

     
(d)

Jervois will designate one of its members as chairman of the Committee to chair meetings. For the avoidance of doubt, the chairman will not have a casting vote.

     
7.4

Meetings

     
(a)

The Manager must convene a meeting of the Management Committee at least every 6 months after the Commencement Date.

     
(b)

The Manager must convene a meeting of the Management Committee at the request of any Joint Venturer.

     
(c)

The Manager must give at least 20 Business days notice of the meeting to the Joint Venturers.



17

  (d)

At least 10 Business Days prior to each meeting the Manager will provide to the Joint Venturers an agenda of the matters to be discussed at the meeting. Items may be added to the agenda by any Joint Venturer at least 5 Business Days before the meeting. The Manager will provide the final agenda to the Joint Venturers at least 2 Business Days prior to the meeting.

     
  (e)

All meetings of the Management Committee must be held in Melbourne unless otherwise agreed by the Joint Venturers.

     
  (f)

Meetings may be convened in person, or by video meeting or conference telephone call at which all representatives of the Joint Venturers have the opportunity to be present. All persons participating in the video meeting or conference telephone call must be able to hear each of the others.


7.5

Quorum

       
(a)

The quorum for a meeting of the Management Committee is at least one member representing each Joint Venturer.

       
(b)

If a quorum is not present within 30 minutes of the time appointed for the holding of a meeting, the meeting will be adjourned to the same time and place one week afterward and the Manager will notify the Joint Venturers of the adjournment.

       
(c)

If a quorum is not present within 30 minutes of the time appointed for the adjourned meeting, the Joint Venturer present may discharge the business of the adjourned meeting.

       
(d)

Each member of the Management Committee may be accompanied at meetings of the Management Committee by a reasonable number of observers and advisers.

       
7.6

Voting

       
(a)

At any meeting of the Management Committee, a Joint Venturer (other than a Defaulting Joint Venturer) may cast, through its representative, the number of votes equal to its Joint Venture Interest.

       
(b)

Subject to clause 7.6(c), all decisions of the Management Committee must be determined by majority resolution.

       
(c)

The following decisions require unanimous approval by the Joint Venturers:

       
(i)

the disposal or relinquishment of a Tenement;

       
(ii)

the disposal of Joint Venture Property worth in excess of $100,000;

       
(iii)

the supply by a participant of materials to the Joint Venture with value in excess of $100,000; and

       
(iv)

removal and replacement of the Manager under clause 8.2(b).

       
(d)

A resolution in writing (which may consist of one or several documents in the same terms) signed by at least one representative of each of the Joint Venturers or approved by facsimile or by authenticated email transmitted by at least one representative of each Joint Venturer and subsequently confirmed in writing is as viable and effectual as if it had been passed at a duly convened meeting of the Management Committee.



18

7.7

Minutes

     

The Manager will cause minutes to be kept of each meeting of the Management Committee and will circulate the draft minutes to each of the Joint Venturers within 10 Business Days after the holding of the meeting. The minutes, as approved at the next meeting of the Management Committee, are a correct record of the meeting to which they relate.

     
7.8

Costs

     

All costs incurred by a Joint Venturer in participating in the Management Committee will be borne by that Joint Venturer.

     
7.9

Sub-committees

     

The Management Committee may, from time to time, create sub-committees (comprising such persons as the Management Committee thinks fit) to consider and report back to the Management Committee on any particular issues relating to Joint Venture Activities.

     
8.

Manager

     
8.1

Appointment of Manager

     

The Joint Venturers severally appoint EMC to be the Manager of the Joint Venture and agent of the Joint Venturers for the purposes of this Agreement from the Commencement Date, and EMC accepts that appointment, on and subject to the terms of this Agreement.

     
8.2

Term of appointment of Manager

     

The appointment of the Manager continues until:

     
(a)

this Agreement is terminated for any reason;

     
(b)

the Manager resigns, having given at least 40 Business Days written notice to the Joint Venturers and the Management Committee resolves that a new Manager should be appointed; or

     
(c)

the Manager suffers an Insolvency Event or commits a material breach or default in the performance of a material obligation under this Agreement and fails to remedy that default within 40 Business Days of receipt of written notice of default served by a Joint Venturer.

     
8.3

Remuneration

     

EMC will not be entitled to remuneration or compensation of any kind for its role as Manager.



19

8.4

Appointment of new Manager

     
(a)

Upon the termination of the appointment of the Manager, the Joint Venturers must promptly appoint a new Manager under the terms of this Agreement, if this Agreement is not otherwise terminated.

     
(b)

The previous Manager must continue to act as Manager until the new Manager is appointed and commences its duties.

     
(c)

Upon the new Manager commencing its duties, the previous Manager must immediately deliver to the new Manager all Joint Venture Property and all documents, books, records and accounts relating to the Joint Venture held by it or under its control.

     
8.5

Liability of Manager

     
(a)

Subject to clause 8.5(b), the Manager is not liable for any loss or damage suffered or liability incurred by a Joint Venturer in the course of the performance or purported performance of its functions as Manager or due to its failure to perform or breach of its functions or obligations as Manager, except for any loss or damage arising directly from the fraud, Gross Negligence or Wilful Misconduct of the Manager, its directors or executive officers or agents.

     
(b)

The limitations on the liability of the Manager under clause 8.5(a) do not limit or restrict the liability as a Joint Venturer or a Joint Venturer which is also the Manager.

     
8.6

Indemnity to Manager

     

Each Joint Venturer, to the extent of its Joint Venture Interest, must indemnify and hold harmless the Manager, its directors, employees, agents and contractors ( Indemnified Persons ) from and against all damage, loss, expense or liability of any nature suffered or incurred by the Indemnified Persons (including any claims made by Third Parties) in connection with the Joint Venture Activities, including any personal injury, disease, illness or death, or physical loss of or damage to property, of the Indemnified Persons or any Third Party, except insofar as the same arises by reason of the act or omission of any of those Indemnified Persons.

     
9.

Functions, powers and duties of Manager

     
9.1

Functions of the Manager

     

The Manager reports to the Management Committee and must:

     
(a)

by itself or through its employees, agents or contractors, manage, direct and control Joint Venture Activities as agent for and on behalf of the Joint Venturers;

     
(b)

exercise and discharge its powers and duties under this Agreement in accordance with Approved Programs and Budgets, and decisions made by the Management Committee;

     
(c)

conduct Joint Venture Activities in a good, workmanlike and commercially reasonable manner in accordance with good Australian methods, procedures and practices, and with the standard of diligence and care, normally exercised by duly qualified persons in the performance of comparable work; and



20

  (d)

act in good faith in all its dealings, as Manager, with each Joint Venturer.


9.2

Powers and duties of the Manager

     

In the course of managing, supervising and conducting Joint Venture Activities, the Manager is entitled to have access to and control of all Joint Venture Property and must, either itself or through such Third Parties as it may engage:

     
(a)

( Proposed Programmes and Budgets ) prepare and submit to the Management Committee for approval all Proposed Programmes and Budgets and all other estimates and reports required by this Agreement;

     
(b)

( Approved Programmes and Budgets ) carry out the work required to implement all Approved Programmes and Budgets;

     
(c)

( tenders and contracts ) obtain, evaluate and accept quotes and tenders (within the limits determined by the Management Committee), and enter into, administer and enforce, as agent of the Joint Venturers, all contracts required for the performance of works and services necessary to perform this Agreement and undertake the Joint Venture Activities;

     
(d)

( personnel ) engage, dismiss, supervise and control all management, technical and labour personnel necessary for performance of its obligations under this Agreement including determining the terms and conditions of such engagement and conducting all industrial relations;

     
(e)

( payment and bank accounts ) pay on behalf of the Joint Venturers out of the funds provided by the Joint Venturers all costs and expenses incurred by the Manager in the conduct of the Joint Venture Activities and for such purpose maintain and operate one or more separate bank accounts (within which its own funds are not commingled) on behalf of the Joint Venturers for the purposes of the Joint Venture;

     
(f)

( Laws and Authorisations ) comply with all Laws and Authorisations applicable to the conduct of the Joint Venture Activities, including those relating to health, safety and environmental protection, and ensure that all Authorisations required to conduct the Joint Venture activities are applied for, obtained and maintained;

     
(g)

( Tenements ) register this Agreement under the Mining Act against the Tenements, keep and renew those Tenements in good standing (including paying all rents, taxes, expenditures and other outgoings by the due date), and manage, administer, protect and enforce the rights and obligations of the holders under the Tenements;

     
(h)

( statutory reports ) prepare, file and lodge all statutory reports as and when required under the Mining Act and any other applicable laws in respect of the Tenements (other than reports required to be submitted by the Joint Venturers in their individual capacities as Joint Venturers);

     
(i)

( rehabilitation ) establish a rehabilitation fund, formulate a rehabilitation programme and carry out the Rehabilitation Obligations;

     
(j)

( native title ) act as the Joint Venturers’ representative in respect of Native Title Rights and Aboriginal heritage issues, negotiate and enter into agreements with the parties to Native Title Claims and in all other respects deal with issues of this kind as and when they arise, provided that the Manager may not recognise any Native Title Rights or agree or settle any Native Title Claims, without the prior approval of the Management Committee;



21

  (k)

( insurances ) effect and maintain all insurances appropriate in relation to Joint Venture Property and Joint Venture Activities, or as required by Law, and any additional insurances which the Management Committee requires to be effected, provided that the Manager must wherever possible procure that all such insurances include a provision that the insurer has no right of subrogation against any Joint Venturer or the Manager and that the Joint Venturers and the Manager are to be named, to the extent of their interests, on each policy of insurance;

     
  (l)

( insurance certificates ) if requested, provide full details to a Joint Venturer of all insurances effected by the Manager under this Agreement, including certificates of currency;

     
  (m)

( no Encumbrances ) keep the Joint Venture Property free and clear of all Encumbrances, except for those existing at the time of, or created concurrent with, the acquisition of the Joint Venture Property, or liens arising in the ordinary course of business which must be released or discharged in a diligent manner, or Encumbrances specifically approved by the Management Committee;

     
  (n)

( disposal of surplus equipment ) dispose of by sale, assignment, abandonment or other transfer of Joint Venture Property which the Manager classifies as surplus and is no longer needed for Joint Venture Activities and which the Management Committee approves for disposal;

     
  (o)

( litigation ) institute, defend, compromise or settle any court or arbitration proceedings or insurance claims affecting or relating to Joint Venture Activities or Joint Venture Property, provided that the Manager may not institute, compromise, or settle any court or arbitration proceedings or insurance claims exceeding an amount determined by the Management Committee without the prior approval of the Management Committee;

     
  (p)

( emergencies ) take such action as the Manager may consider necessary or advisable to prevent or respond to an Emergency;

     
  (q)

( GST ) act as the Joint Venturers’ representative for the purposes of seeking registration of the Joint Venture as a GST joint venture under the GST Act and manage, administer and enforce the rights and obligations of the Joint Venturers under such GST joint venture; and

     
  (r)

( other incidental ) do all other acts and things that are reasonably necessary or desirable to fulfil its functions or are incidental to the above powers and duties.


9.3

Manager’s obligations are subject to provision of funds

   

Notwithstanding anything to the contrary elsewhere in this Agreement, the performance by the Manager of its obligations under this Agreement is subject to the Manager being provided with sufficient funds by the Joint Venturers to enable the Manager to perform those obligations.



22

9.4

Manager may delegate

     

The Manager may delegate any of its rights, remedies, powers, discretions and obligations to an agent of the Manager, provided that:

     
(a)

the Manager may only delegate the whole of its rights, remedies, powers, discretions and obligations with the approval of the Management Committee;

     
(b)

any delegation does not relieve the Manager of any of its obligations or responsibilities under this Agreement; and

     
(c)

it informs the Management Committee at its next meeting of the identity of the delegate and the matter which has been delegated.


9.5

Agreement with Related Body Corporate

   

The Manager may not enter into an agreement with a Related Body Corporate of the Manager for the supply of goods or services or both under this Agreement unless the proposed agreement is on terms and conditions which are no less favourable to the Joint Venturers than an arm’s length commercial agreement with a Third Party supplier which is not a Related Body Corporate of the Manager, and the proposed agreement is approved by the Management Committee.

   
9.6

Litigation

   

A Joint Venturer has the right to participate, at its own expense, in litigation or administrative proceedings initiated by the Manager on behalf of the Joint Venturers.


10.

Decision to Mine

       
(a)

Once the Feasibility Study is obtained, the Management Committee will meet and determine whether to:

       
(i)

make the Decision to Mine;

       
(ii)

continue exploration activities on the Site; or

       
(iii)

discontinue operations and terminate this Agreement in accordance with clause 17.1.


11.

Mining JV

   

On the Mining JV Commencement Date:


  (a)

the parties will enter into the Mining JVA;

       
  (b)

the Mining JVA will include a provision:

       
  (i)

requiring EMC to pay to Jervois a royalty of AUD$2.00 per tonne of Scandium ore mined;

       
  (ii)

acknowledge that EMC may redeem that royalty obligation by payment to Jervois of an amount of AUD$2,000,000.00 less any amounts paid under that royalty obligation to the date of payment at any time whilst the royalty is payable.



23

12.

Contribution to Joint Venture Costs

     
12.1

Ongoing contributions

     

In addition to payments expressly set out in this Agreement, on and from the Earned Interest Date, each Joint Venturer must contribute to all Joint Venture Costs in proportion to its Joint Venture Interest on each date on which a contribution is due to be made under clause 12.2.

     
12.2

Cash Calls

     
(a)

All contributions made by a Joint Venturer after the Earned Interest Commencement Date must be made by that Joint Venturer paying to the Manager, within 10 Business Days after receipt of a Cash Call, the amount stated in the Cash Call as due for payment by that Joint Venturer. Payment of a Cash Call will not affect the right of a Joint Venturer to seek a correction of any error made by the Manager.

     
(b)

The Manager must issue Cash Calls for contributions by the Joint Venturers whenever the Manager sees fit but not more frequently than once per calendar month and not so as to require payment more than 10 Business Days in advance of the calendar month in which the Manager anticipates that the Joint Venture Costs to which it relates will become payable.

     
(c)

Each Cash Call must set out in reasonable detail the items in the Approved Programme and Budget to which a contribution towards Joint Venture Costs is required.

     
13.

Programmes and Budgets

     
13.1

Proposed Programme and Budget

     
(a)

By no later than 15 June in each Year or such other dates as the Management Committee may agree, the Manager must provide the Joint Venturers with a Proposed Programme and Budget which must include details of the programme of Joint Venture Activities proposed for the next Year and an itemised budget specifying all estimated Joint Venture Costs proposed to be charged by the Manager on a monthly basis under this Agreement.

     
(b)

Each Proposed Programme and Budget must include expenditure on the Tenements sufficient to comply with minimum expenditure obligations under the Mining Act during that period.

     
13.2

Approved Programme and Budget

     
(a)

Not less than 7 days after provision of a Proposed Programme and Budget, and by no later than the end of June in each Year or such other month as the Management Committee may determine, the Management Committee must meet and discuss the Proposed Programme and Budget for the next Year and adopt, with or without amendment, an Approved Programme and Budget for that Year.



24

  (b)

Once approved, the Manager must implement the Approved Programme and Budget, and give a copy to each Joint Venturer.

     
  (c)

An Approved Programme and Budget may be amended by the Manager with the approval of the Management Committee.


13.3

Expenditure not covered by Programme and Budget

     
(a)

The Manager may not exceed an Approved Programme and Budget by more than 10% without the approval of the Management Committee except in cases of Emergency.

     
(b)

The Manager must advise the Management Committee as soon as it becomes aware of any likely or actual budget overruns.

     
14.

Accounts, reports, audit and access

     
14.1

Joint Venture accounting

     

The Manager must maintain separate books, accounts and records for the Joint Venture of Joint Venture Costs in accordance with the Accounting Standards.

     
14.2

Reports to Joint Venturers

     

The Manager must keep the Joint Venturers informed of all Joint Venture Activities by submitting in writing to the Joint Venturers:

     
(a)

within one month of the end of each quarter, quarterly progress reports which include a statement of Joint Venture Costs and comparisons of such expenditures to the Approved Budget, including quarterly summaries of data acquired;

     
(b)

within one month of the end of each Year, a detailed final report after completion of each Approved Programme and Budget, which must include comparisons between actual and budgeted Joint Venture Costs;

     
(c)

as soon as possible thereafter, a report on the happening of any event or occurrence which the Manager considers is likely to materially affect the interest of all or any of the Joint Venturers, or the value or worth of any of the Tenements, or that would be required to be disclosed to the market by a Joint Venturer (or a Related Body Corporate of a Joint Venturer) pursuant to the Listing Rules;

     
(d)

within one month in each case of its completion, a copy of any material report concerning Joint Venture Activities produced by the Manager; and

     
(e)

such other reports as the Management Committee may direct.

     
14.3

Joint Venture accounts and audit

     
(a)

The Manager must prepare the accounts for the Joint Venture reflecting the results for each Year of all transactions connected with the Joint Venture Activities ( Joint Venture Accounts ) which must be completed, audited by the Auditor and provided to the Joint Venturers no later than 3 months after the end of each Year.

     
(b)

Any Joint Venturer which requires any particular audit requirements to be satisfied by the Auditor may make known to the Manager in writing its additional particular requirements before the audit is completed. The Manager must provide the particular audit requirements to the Auditor forthwith and the additional cost of conducting any additional audit must be paid by that Joint Venturer.



25

  (c)

The Manager must rectify any issues or qualifications raised by the Auditor concerning the Joint Venture Accounts or Joint Venture Activities as soon as is reasonably practicable.


14.4

Individual Joint Venturer responsibilities

       
(a)

Each Joint Venturer is responsible, in respect of its Joint Venture Interest, for all financial and accounting records required by Law or to support its income tax returns or any other accounting reports required by any Authority.

       
(b)

The Manager must provide to each Joint Venturer such Joint Venture information prepared by the Manager in accordance with this Agreement, as the Joint Venturer may reasonably require to prepare its financial and accounting records.

       
14.5

Joint Venturer access

       

A Joint Venturer is entitled, during working hours at reasonable intervals, and the Manager must give, on reasonable notice at the Joint Venturer’s expense and risk, access to, and the right to inspect any Joint Venture Property, provided that the Joint Venturer ensures that there is no interference with Joint Venture Activities.

       
15.

Withdrawal and Dilution

       
15.1

Required payments

       

EMC must pay all unpaid amounts of each of the payments which are set out in clause 2.1(b) and 4(a) together with any other amounts due and payable under this Agreement within 5 Business Days of its withdrawal or other termination of this Agreement.

       
15.2

Withdrawal prior to Mining JV Commencement Date

       

Subject to clause 15.1, EMC may, upon 20 Business Days written notice, withdraw from the Joint Venture after completion of the Initial Exploration Works or, after the Earned Interest Date, at any time before the Mining JV Commencement Date.

       
15.3

Other obligations

       

Any withdrawal from the Joint Venture is without prejudice to any rights or obligations of the Joint Venturers arising prior to the withdrawal, and any forfeiture of a Joint Venture Interest is not to be take as satisfaction, wholly or partly, of the obligations of the withdrawing Joint Venturer prior to withdrawal.

       
15.4

Unpaid cash calls

       
(a)

If a party ( Defaulting Joint Venturer ) fails to pay when due any Cash Call ( Unpaid Cash Call Event ) and the Defaulting Joint Venturer fails to remedy or compensate for the Unpaid Cash Call Event in accordance with this Agreement, then the non-Defaulting Joint Venturer may elect either:

       
(i)

to dilute the Joint Venture Interest of the Defaulting Joint Venturer in accordance with the dilution formula set out in clause 15.5; or



26

  (ii)

to acquire the whole of the Defaulting Joint Venturer's Joint Venture Interest.


  (b)

Within 30 days following an Unpaid Cash Call Event, the non-Defaulting Joint Venturer must give notice to the Defaulting Joint Venturer informing it whether the non-Defaulting Joint Venturer wishes either to acquire the Defaulting Joint Venturer's Joint Venture Interest or to dilute the Joint Venture Interest of the Defaulting Joint Venturer.

         
  (c)

If the non-Defaulting Joint Venturer elects to acquire the whole of the Defaulting Joint Venturer's Joint Venture Interest, then:

         
  (i)

if a Feasibility Study has not been completed, no cash consideration is payable by the non-Defaulting Joint Venturers to the Defaulting Joint Venturer and in lieu of cash consideration for the transfer of the Joint Venture Interest, the non-Defaulting Joint Venturer must (to the extent of the Defaulting Joint Venturer's Joint Venture Interest acquired):

         
  (A)

cure any Default Event of the Defaulting Joint Venturer which is capable of being cured; and

         
  (B)

assume all future obligations and liabilities in respect of the Defaulting Joint Venturer’s Joint Venture Interest.

         
  (ii)

if the Feasibility Study has been completed, the consideration payable by the non-Defaulting Joint Venturer to the Defaulting Joint Venturer is the market value of the Interest being acquired by that non-Defaulting Joint Venturer as at the date of the Unpaid Cash Call Event, less 10% and all amounts due from the Defaulting Joint Venturer to the non-Defaulting Joint Venturer or the Manager on its behalf under this Agreement, such market value and date being determined by an Expert appointed under clause 19.3 of this Agreement, who must make such determination within 30 days of his or her appointment;

         
  (iii)

the Defaulting Joint Venturer must, within 30 days of receipt of the notice of acquisition, execute and deliver all deeds and documents necessary for, and complete, the assignment of its Joint Venture Interest to the non- Defaulting Joint Venturer;

         
  (iv)

the Defaulting Joint Venturer must pay all stamp duty and other transfer costs which become payable upon the non-Defaulting Joint Venturers acquiring its Joint Venture Interest; and

         
  (v)

upon completion of the assignment of its Joint Venture Interest to the non- Defaulting Joint Venturers, including the payment of all transfer costs, the Defaulting Joint Venturer is released from its obligations under this Agreement arising after the assignment, other than the obligations of confidentiality set out in this Agreement.

         
  (d)

The Joint Venturers acknowledge that the consideration for the acquisition by a non-Defaulting Joint Venturer of a Defaulting Joint Venturer’s Joint Venture Interest (including the assumption of all future obligations and liabilities):



27

  (i)

is agreed following negotiations involving all Joint Venturers which accepted that the consideration does not constitute or give rise to a penalty, forfeiture or unjust enrichment; and

     
  (ii)

represents a reasonable and good faith assessment of the just and fair compensation for the Defaulting Joint Venturer in all the circumstances surrounding the Default Event.


  (e)

The Defaulting Joint Venturer irrevocably appoints each non-Defaulting Joint Venturer severally as its lawful attorney to act for it in its name or otherwise as the Manager (acting reasonably) deems fit for the purposes of doing all such acts and executing all such documents as may reasonably appear to the non-Defaulting Joint Venturers to be necessary or desirable to comply with the obligations of the Defaulting Joint Venturer under this Agreement. The Defaulting Joint Venturer is bound by all acts of the non-Defaulting Joint Venturers as attorney pursuant to this clause.

     
  (f)

Nothing in this Agreement prevents a non-Defaulting Joint Venturer from pursuing any other rights or remedies available to it either at law or in equity against the Defaulting Joint Venturer.


15.5

Dilution

     
(a)

Within 7 days of the adoption by the Management Committee of an Approved Programme and Budget a Joint Venturer may give notice to the other Joint Venturers that it does not wish to contribute to Joint Venture Activities pursuant to the Approved Programme and Budget ( Dilution Notice ) whereupon it becomes a Diluting Joint Venturer for the purposes and duration of that Approved Programme and Budget.

     
(b)

Upon a Dilution Notice being given, the Diluting Joint Venturer is not obliged or entitled to make any further contribution to that Approved Programme and Budget and its Joint Venture Interest is reduced in accordance with the following formula (with the Joint Venturer Interest of the other Joint Venturers, not being a Joint Venturer which is itself diluting, increasing pro-rata in proportion to their respective Joint Venture Interests):

JVI = DE x 100 %
                TE

  Where:    
       
  JVI =

the ongoing Joint Venture Interest of the Diluting Joint Venturer after the Dilution Notice;

     

  DE =

the total Joint Venture Expenditure actually incurred plus Expenditure deemed to have been incurred by the Diluting Joint Venturer up to the date of the Dilution Notice; and

     

  TE =

the total Joint Venture Expenditure actually incurred plus Expenditure deemed to have been incurred by all Joint Venturers up to the date of the Dilution Notice.



28

For the purpose of the calculation of DE and TE, the Joint Venturers are each deemed to have incurred Joint Venture Expenditure equal to the actual Development Costs contributed by EMC up to the Earned Interest Date.

15.6

Additional Called Sums

       
(a)

Within 7 days of receiving a Dilution Notice, the Manager must make additional Cash Calls to the Joint Venturers in proportion to their respective Joint Venture Interests (other than the Diluting Joint Venturer) to replace the contributions not being made by the Diluting Joint Venturer.

       
(b)

Within 14 days of receiving a further Cash Call a Joint Venturer (Other than a Diluting Joint Venturer) may elect:

       
(i)

to proceed with the Approved Programme and Budget and pay the additional Cash Call; or

       
(ii)

not to contribute to the Approved Programme and Budget and give a Dilution Notice.

       
15.7

Re-assessment of Programme and Budget

       

If a further Dilution Notice is given by another Joint Venturer, the Manager must, within 14 days of further Dilution Notice being given, call a meeting of the Management Committee to revise the Approved Programme and Budget. A Diluting Joint Venturer is entitled to vote at such meeting or any adjournment.

       
15.8

Transfer of Joint venture Interest

       

On request by a Joint Venturer, the Diluting Joint Venturer must, at its cost and expense, transfer to the other Joint Venturers sufficient numbers of shares in the Tenements so that their respective Joint Venture Interests correspond with the registered shares in the Tenements after giving effect to the Dilution Notice.

       
15.9

Withdrawal of Dilution Notice

       

Upon an Approved Programme and Budget being revised or confirmed at a meeting of the Management Committee, a Diluting Joint Venturer may within 14 days of that meeting give notice to the Manager and the other Joint Venturers withdrawing any prior Dilution Notice and thus electing to make the relevant contribution.

       
15.10

Minimum Joint Venture Interest and Royalty

       
(a)

If the Joint Venture Interest of a Joint Venturer reduces to below 10% at any time, that Joint Venturer is deemed to have sold to the other Joint Venturers the whole of its Joint Venture Interest in return for a royalty of 2% of gross proceeds from the Site ( New Royalty ).

       
(b)

In that event the Joint Venturers will execute the New Royalty Deed.

       
(c)

The Parties acknowledge that the New Royalty, if payable to Jervois, will be in addition to any amount payable to Jervois pursuant to clause 11(b)(i) of this Agreement.



29

16.

Default

       
16.1

Default Events

       

Each of the following is a Default Event:

       
(a)

a material breach by a Joint Venturer of any of its material obligations under this Agreement;

       
(b)

an Insolvency Event occurring in relation to a Joint Venturer,

       

(each a Breach Default Event )

       
(c)

monies which are due under this Agreement ( Unpaid Monies ) are not paid when due ( Unpaid Monies Default Event ).

       
16.2

Breach Default Events to be remedied

       
(a)

The Manager or a non-defaulting Joint Venturer may, at any time after a Breach Default Event occurs, serve a written notice on the Defaulting Joint Venturer specifying the nature of the Breach Default Event. The Defaulting Joint Venturer must then:

       
(i)

remedy the default within 10 Business Days of receipt of the notice of default; or

       
(ii)

pay adequate monetary compensation to the non-defaulting Joint Venturer if the default is incapable of being remedied, such payment to be made within 5 Business Days of receipt of the notification of the amount of compensation payable, as determined under this Agreement.

       
(b)

The Joint Venturers must agree in writing the amount of adequate monetary compensation to be paid by the Defaulting Joint Venturer under clause 16.2(a)(ii). If the Joint Venturers have not reached agreement within 10 Business Days after the date on which notice is given, the matter must be referred to the dispute resolution process under clause 19.

       
16.3

Unpaid Monies Default Event

       
(a)

If an Unpaid Monies Default Event occurs, the Manager must promptly give to the Defaulting Joint Venturer a notice to remedy the default within 5 Business Days ( Non-Payment Notice ).

       
(b)

The Defaulting Joint Venturer must pay interest on Unpaid Monies at Penalty Interest Rate.

       
(c)

A Joint Venturer remains a Defaulting Joint Venturer until such time as the outstanding moneys, including any interest payable, are paid in full.

       
(d)

If the Defaulting Joint Venturer fails to comply with the Non-Payment Notice, the matter must be referred to the dispute resolution process under clause 19.

       
16.4

Proceedings against Defaulting Joint Venturer



30

  (a)

The Manager or a non-defaulting Joint Venturer may institute proceedings against a Defaulting Joint Venturer to enforce performance of any of the provisions of this Agreement.

     
  (b)

The Defaulting Joint Venturer must pay on demand all solicitors fees, court costs, and other costs reasonably incurred by the party taking action to enforce the provisions of this Agreement.


17.

Term and termination

       
17.1

Term of Agreement

       

This Agreement commences on the Commencement Date and continues until the earliest to occur of any of the following:

       
(a)

the Joint Venturers make a determination under clause 10(a)(iii);

       
(b)

the non-defaulting Joint Venturers (for themselves and as attorney for the Defaulting Join Venturer) agree in writing to terminate the Joint Venture;

       
(c)

a Decision to mine is not made within 480 Business Days of the Earned Interest Date,

       

( Termination Events )

       

and will thereafter terminate upon completion of the winding-up of the Joint Venture.

       
17.2

Winding up of Joint Venture Activities

       
(a)

Immediately following the occurrence of a Termination Event, the Manager must commence winding up the Joint Venture Activities, including:

       
(i)

arranging for an evaluation of the Shutdown Costs as at the date of the termination of the Joint Venture, including the costs of satisfying the Rehabilitation Obligations;

       
(ii)

taking such steps to dispose of Joint Venture Property (excluding the Site and the Tenements) as it is directed to take by the Management Committee;

       
(iii)

after paying the Shutdown Costs, distributing any net amount remaining among the Joint Venturers in proportion to their respective Joint Venture Interests;

       
(iv)

making a Called Sum on each Joint Venturer to the extent that there are insufficient funds to satisfy the Shutdown Costs.

       
(b)

If a Joint Venturer fails to pay any Called Sum to meet the Shutdown Costs, the non-defaulting Joint Venturer is obliged to contribute any amount unpaid by the Defaulting Joint Venturer and the Defaulting Joint Venturer is liable to repay all amounts paid by the non-defaulting Joint Venturer together with interest payable under this Agreement.



31

17.3

Upon Termination of this Agreement

     
(a)

EMC will transfer to Jervois all of its interest in the Joint Venture Property except for any interest to which EMC may be entitled pursuant to paragraph 17.3(b);

     
(b)

EMC will be entitled to retain a 10% interest in the Tenements for each amount of AUD$1,000,000 which it has expended in satisfaction of its obligation to contribute to Joint Venture Costs up to but not exceeding an interest of 50% in total ( EMC's Retained Interest )

     
(c)

for the sake of clarity amounts paid by EMC to Jervois pursuant to this Agreement will not be taken into account in calculation of EMC's Retained Interest.

     
17.4

Continuing obligations

     

Despite any other provision of this Agreement, clauses 17.3, 18 (Confidentiality) and 22 (General) survive termination of this Agreement, however arising.

     
17.5

Extension of term

     

The Joint Venturers may, at any time, consult with each other for the purpose of determining whether the term of this Agreement should extend beyond the period it would otherwise expire.

     
18.

Confidentiality

     
18.1

Obligations of confidentiality

     

Subject to clauses 18.2 and 18.3, the Receiving Party must:

     
(a)

keep the Confidential Information confidential and not directly or indirectly disclose, divulge or communicate any Confidential Information to, or otherwise place any Confidential Information at the disposal of, any other person without the prior written approval of the Disclosing Party;

     
(b)

take all reasonable steps to secure and keep secure all Confidential Information coming into its possession or control;

     
(c)

only use the Confidential Information for the purposes of performing, and to the extent necessary to perform, its obligations under this Agreement;

     
(d)

not memorise, modify, reverse engineer or make copies, notes or records of the Confidential Information for any purpose other than in connection with the performance by the Receiving Party of its obligations under this Agreement; and

     
(e)

take all reasonable steps to ensure that any person to whom the Receiving Party is permitted to disclose Confidential Information under clause 18.3 complies at all times with the terms of this clause 18 as if that person were a Receiving Party.

     
18.2

Exceptions

     

The obligations of confidentiality under clause 18.1 do not apply to:

     
(a)

any Confidential Information that:



32

  (i)

is disclosed to the Receiving Party by a Third Party entitled to do so, whether before or after the date of this Agreement;

     
  (ii)

was already lawfully in the Receiving Party's possession when it was given to the Receiving Party and was not otherwise acquired from the Disclosing Party directly or indirectly; or

     
  (iii)

is generally available to the public at the date of this Agreement or subsequently becomes so available other than by reason of a breach of this Agreement; or


  (b)

any disclosure of Confidential Information by the Receiving Party that is necessary to comply with any court order, law, or the applicable rules of any financial market (as defined in the Corporations Act) if, to the extent practicable and as soon as reasonably possible, the Receiving Party:

       
  (i)

notifies the Disclosing Party of the proposed disclosure;

       
  (ii)

consults with the Disclosing Party as to its content; and

       
  (iii)

uses reasonable endeavours to comply with any reasonable request by the Disclosing Party concerning the proposed disclosure.


18.3

Authorised disclosure

   

A Receiving Party may disclose Confidential Information to any Related Entity, employee, agent, contractor, officer, professional adviser, banker, auditor or other consultant of the Receiving Party (each a Recipient ) only if the disclosure is made to the Recipient strictly on a “need to know basis” and, prior to the disclosure:


  (a)

the Receiving Party notifies the Recipient of the confidential nature of the Confidential Information to be disclosed;

     
  (b)

the Recipient undertakes to the Receiving Party (for the benefit of the Disclosing Party) to be bound by the obligations in this clause 18 as if the Recipient were a Receiving Party in relation to the Confidential Information to be disclosed to the Recipient; and

     
  (c)

if requested to do so by the Disclosing Party, the Recipient signs an undertaking or deed in a form acceptable to the Disclosing Party (and for the benefit of the Disclosing Party) agreeing to be bound by the obligations in this clause 18 as if it were a Receiving Party in relation to the Confidential Information to be disclosed to the Recipient.


18.4

Return or destruction of confidential information

   

Immediately on the written request of the Disclosing Party or on the termination of this Agreement for any reason, a Receiving Party must:


  (a)

cease the use of all Confidential Information of or relating to the Disclosing Party (or any Related Entity of the Disclosing Party);

     
  (b)

deliver to the Disclosing Party all documents and other materials in its possession or control containing, recording or constituting that Confidential Information or, at the option of the Disclosing Party, destroy, and certify to the Disclosing Party that it has destroyed, those documents and materials; and



33

  (c)

for Confidential Information stored electronically, permanently delete that Confidential Information from all electronic media on which it is stored, so that it cannot be restored.


18.5

Warranties

     

The Disclosing Party warrants to the Receiving Party that:

     
(a)

it has the right to disclose Confidential Information to the Receiving Party and to authorise the Receiving Party to use the Confidential Information as permitted by this Agreement; and

     
(b)

the use of the Confidential Information as permitted by this Agreement does not breach the intellectual property rights of any other person.

     
18.6

Liability for breach by recipient

     

The Receiving Party is liable for any breach of this clause 18 by a Recipient as if the Recipient were a Receiving Party in relation to the Confidential Information disclosed to the Recipient.

     
18.7

Indemnity from receiving party

     

The Receiving Party indemnifies and must keep indemnified the Disclosing Party against all actions, claims, proceedings, demands, liabilities, losses, damages, expenses and costs (including legal costs on a full indemnity basis) that may be brought against the Disclosing Party or which the Disclosing Party may pay, sustain or incur as a direct or indirect result of:

     
(a)

any breach by the Receiving Party or a Recipient of this clause 18; or

     
(b)

any breach of confidence by a Recipient in circumstances where the Receiving Party has breached this clause 18.

     
18.8

Joint News Release

     
(a)

the Parties may agree to issue joint news releases relating to Joint Venture Activities ( Joint News Release );

     
(b)

in the event a Party prepares a Joint News Release draft it will provide the draft to the other Party and afford the other Party a reasonable opportunity to approve the draft;

     
(c)

a party will be deemed to have approved a draft if that Party does not respond to the request within 5 Business Days of receipt of the draft.

     
18.9

Survival of clause

     

Despite any other provision of this Agreement, this clause 18 survives the expiry or termination of this Agreement.

     
19.

Dispute resolution



34

19.1

Delivering a dispute notice

     

If any dispute arises between the parties relating to or arising out of this Agreement, including its construction, effect, the rights and obligations of the parties, the performance, breach, rescission or termination of this Agreement, the entitlement of any party to damages or compensation (whether for breach of contract, tort or any other cause of action) or the amount of that entitlement ( Dispute ), the party claiming that a Dispute has arisen must deliver to the other party a notice containing particulars of the Dispute ( Dispute Notice ).

     
19.2

Parties must negotiate

     

During the period of 10 Business Days after delivery of the Dispute Notice, or any longer period agreed in writing by the parties ( Initial Period ), each of the parties must use its reasonable endeavours and act in good faith to resolve the Dispute by discussion and negotiation.

     
19.3

Referral to Third Party

     

If the parties have been unable to resolve the Dispute within the period stated in clause 19.2, then the parties must refer the Dispute to an Expert for determination. For the purposes of this clause, the Expert is a person:

     
(a)

having appropriate qualifications and experience relevant to determining the Dispute;

     
(b)

who is agreed by the parties or, failing agreement within 5 Business Days, is nominated at the request of any party by the President (or his nominee) of the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy; and

     
(c)

who does not act, or whose firm does not act, generally for any party.

     
19.4

Determination by expert

     

If an Expert is appointed under clause 19.3, the Expert:

     
(a)

will act as an expert and not as an arbitrator;

     
(b)

may determine the time, place and procedures (which will be as informal as is consistent with the proper conduct of the matter) for the determination by the Expert, having regard to the nature of the Dispute and the provisions of this Agreement;

     
(c)

may communicate privately with the parties or with their lawyers;

     
(d)

may or may not allow the appearance of lawyers on behalf of the parties;

     
(e)

may accept written submissions from a party in relation to the Dispute, provided a copy of the submission is also given to all other parties;

     
(f)

may co-opt other expert assistance;

     
(g)

must have regard to the fairness and reasonableness of any matters pertaining to the Dispute; and



35

  (h)

must deal with any matter as expeditiously as possible and by no later than 20 Business Days after referral to the Expert.


19.5

Obligations of parties

     

If an Expert is appointed under clause 19.3:

     
(a)

the Expert's determination will be final and binding on the parties;

     
(b)

the parties must attend the sessions with the Expert and make a determined and genuine effort to resolve the Dispute as soon as reasonably possible;

     
(c)

without limiting clause 19.5(b), the parties must use their best endeavours to make available to the Expert all information relevant to the Dispute and which the Expert reasonably requires in order to resolve the Dispute;

     
(d)

everything that occurs before the Expert must be in confidence and in closed session;

     
(e)

any information or documents disclosed by a party under this clause 19 must be kept confidential and cannot be used (and cannot be called into evidence in any subsequent litigation by any party) except to attempt to resolve the Dispute in circumstances where the parties have consented to such disclosure;

     
(f)

all discussions must be without prejudice;

     
(g)

each party must pay its own costs of complying with this clause 19 and the costs of the Expert and any other costs of complying with this clause 19 must be shared equally by the parties; and

     
(h)

the parties must continue performing their obligations under this Agreement while the Dispute is being resolved.

     
19.6

Other proceedings

     

A party may not commence court proceedings in respect of a Dispute unless it has complied with this clause 19 and until the procedures in this clause 19 have been followed in full, except where:

     
(a)

the party seeks injunctive relief in relation to a Dispute from an appropriate court where failure to obtain such relief would cause irreparable damage to the party concerned; or

     
(b)

following those procedures would mean that a limitation period for a cause of action relevant to the issues in dispute will expire.

     
20.

Force majeure

     
20.1

Giving of notice

     

If a Force Majeure Event occurs, the Party affected ( Affected Party ) must as soon as practicable give the other party written notice of that fact including:

     
(a)

full particulars of the Force Majeure Event, including any supporting evidence that is reasonably available;



36

  (b)

details of the obligations affected ( Affected Obligations ) and the extent of the effect of the Force Majeure Event on those obligations;

     
  (c)

an estimate of the period for which the Affected Party is likely to be prevented from, or delayed in, performing the Affected Obligations; and

     
  (d)

the steps taken, and to be taken, by or on behalf of the Affected Party to minimise any delay, loss or damage caused by the Force Majeure Event.


20.2

Liability for force majeure

     

Subject to clause 20.4, if a Force Majeure Event occurs:

     
(a)

the Affected Party is not liable for any failure or delay in performing the Affected Obligations other than a failure to make a payment to the Other Party;

     
(b)

the Affected Party's obligations under this Agreement are suspended, to the extent to which they are affected by the Force Majeure Event, for the duration of the Force Majeure Event.

     
20.3

Exceptions

     

Clause 20.2 does not apply to the extent that:

     
(a)

the Affected Party could have avoided or circumvented the Force Majeure Event by taking reasonable precautions or other reasonable steps to achieve this;

     
(b)

the failure or delay in performing the Affected Obligations was caused by a breach of this Agreement by the Affected Party; or

     
(c)

the Affected Party has not otherwise complied with its obligations under this clause 20.

     
20.4

Effort to overcome

     

An Affected Party who has given notice of a Force Majeure Event under clause 20.1 must:

     
(a)

use its reasonable endeavours to remove, overcome or minimise the effects of that Force Majeure Event as quickly as reasonably possible; and

     
(b)

keep the other party regularly informed as to the steps or actions being taken to achieve this.

     

However, nothing in this clause 20 requires a party to settle any industrial dispute against its will.

     
20.5

Right of termination

     

If a Force Majeure Event continues for more than 100 Business Days, any party may terminate this Agreement by giving at least 20 Business Days notice to the other party.

     
21.

GST

     
21.1

Definitions



37

In this clause 21:

  (a)

the expressions Consideration , GST , Input Tax Credit , Recipient , Supply , Tax Invoice and Taxable Supply have the meanings given to those expressions in the A New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax) Act 1999 ( GST Act ); and

     
  (b)

Supplier means any party treated by the GST Act as making a Supply under this Agreement.


21.2

Consideration is GST exclusive

     

Unless otherwise expressly stated, all prices or other sums payable or Consideration to be provided under or in accordance with this Agreement are exclusive of GST.

     
21.3

Payment of GST

     
(a)

If GST is imposed on any Supply made under or in accordance with this Agreement, the Recipient of the Taxable Supply must pay to the Supplier an additional amount equal to the GST payable on or for the Taxable Supply, subject to the Recipient receiving a valid Tax Invoice in respect of the Supply at or before the time of payment.

     
(b)

Payment of the additional amount must be made at the same time and in the same way as payment for the Taxable Supply is required to be made in accordance with this Agreement.

     
21.4

Reimbursement of expenses

     

If this Agreement requires a party (the First Party ) to pay for, reimburse, set off or contribute to any expense, loss or outgoing ( Reimbursable Expense ) suffered or incurred by the other party (the Other Party ), the amount required to be paid, reimbursed, set off or contributed by the First Party will be the sum of:

     
(a)

the amount of the Reimbursable Expense net of Input Tax Credits (if any) to which the Other Party is entitled in respect of the Reimbursable Expense ( Net Amount ); and

     
(b)

if the Other Party's recovery from the First Party is a Taxable Supply, any GST payable in respect of that Supply,

     

such that after the Other Party meets the GST liability, it retains the Net Amount.

     
22.

General

     
22.1

Nature of obligations

     
(a)

Any provision in this Agreement which binds more than one person binds all of those persons jointly and each of them severally.

     
(b)

Each obligation imposed on a party by this Agreement in favour of another is a separate obligation.

     
22.2

Time of the essence

     

In this Agreement, time is of the essence unless otherwise stipulated.



38

22.3

Entire understanding

     
(a)

This Agreement contains the entire understanding between the parties concerning the subject matter of the Agreement and supersedes all prior communications between the parties.

     
(b)

Each party acknowledges that, except as expressly stated in this Agreement, that party has not relied on any representation, warranty or undertaking of any kind made by or on behalf of the other party in relation to the subject matter of this Agreement.

     
22.4

No adverse construction

     

This Agreement is not to be construed to the disadvantage of a party because that party was responsible for its preparation.

     
22.5

Further assurances

     

A party, at its own expense and within a reasonable time of being requested by another party to do so, must do all things and execute all documents that are reasonably necessary to give full effect to this Agreement.

     
22.6

No waiver

     
(a)

A failure, delay, relaxation or indulgence by a party in exercising any power or right conferred on the party by this Agreement does not operate as a waiver of the power or right.

     
(b)

A single or partial exercise of the power or right does not preclude a further exercise of it or the exercise of any other power or right under this Agreement.

     
(c)

A waiver of a breach does not operate as a waiver of any other breach.

     
22.7

Severability

     

Any provision of this Agreement which is invalid in any jurisdiction must, in relation to that jurisdiction:

     
(a)

be read down to the minimum extent necessary to achieve its validity, if applicable; and

     
(b)

be severed from this Agreement in any other case,

     

without invalidating or affecting the remaining provisions of this Agreement or the validity of that provision in any other jurisdiction.

     
22.8

Successors and assigns

     

This Agreement binds and benefits the parties and their respective successors and permitted assigns under clause 22.9.

     
22.9

No assignment

     

A party cannot assign or otherwise transfer the benefit of this Agreement, other than to its Related Body Corporate, without the prior written consent of the other party.



39

22.10

Consents and approvals

   

Where anything depends on the consent or approval of a party then, unless this Agreement provides otherwise, that consent or approval may be given conditionally or unconditionally or withheld, in the absolute discretion of that party.

   
22.11

No variation

   

This Agreement cannot be amended or varied except in writing signed by the parties.

   
22.12

Costs

   

Each party must pay its own legal costs of and incidental to the preparation and completion of this Agreement.

   
22.13

Duty

   

Any duty fees or charges due to any Government Agency (including related interest or penalties) payable in respect of this Agreement or any instrument created in connection with it must be paid by EMC.

   
22.14

Governing law and jurisdiction


  (a)

This Agreement is governed by and must be construed in accordance with the laws in force in New South Wales.

     
  (b)

The parties submit to the non-exclusive jurisdiction of the courts of New South Wales and the Commonwealth of Australia in respect of all matters arising out of or relating to this Agreement, its performance or subject matter.


22.15

Notices

   

Any notice or other communication to or by a party under this Agreement:


  (a)

may be given by personal service, post or facsimile;

     
  (b)

must be in writing, legible and in English addressed (depending on the manner in which it is given) as shown below:


  (i)

If to Jervois:


Address: Suite 12, 10 Jamieson Street, Cheltenham, Victoria, Australia 3192
  Attention: Duncan Pursell, Managing Director
  Facsimile: +613 9583 0698

  (ii)

If to EMC:


Address: 11th Floor, 888 Dunsmuir Street, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6C 3K4
  Attention: Peter Bosse, President
  Facsimile: Canada 604 642 0604

or to any other address last notified by the party to the sender by notice given in accordance with this clause;


40

  (c)

in the case of a corporation, must be signed by an officer or authorised representative of the sender or in accordance with section 127 of the Corporations Act; and

       
  (d)

is deemed to be given by the sender and received by the addressee:

       
  (i)

if delivered in person, when delivered to the addressee;

       
  (ii)

if posted, 2 Business Days (or 6 Business Days, if addressed outside Australia) after the date of posting to the addressee; or

       
  (iii)

if sent by facsimile transmission, on the date and time shown on the transmission report by the machine from which the facsimile was sent which indicates that the facsimile was sent in its entirety and in legible form to the facsimile number of the addressee notified for the purposes of this clause,

but if the delivery or receipt is on a day which is not a Business Day or is after 5.00 pm (addressee's time) on a Business Day, it is deemed to have been received at 9.00 am on the next Business Day.

22.16

Counterparts

   

If this Agreement consists of a number of signed counterparts, each is an original and all of the counterparts together constitute the same document.

   
22.17

Conflicting provisions

   

If there is any conflict between the main body of this Agreement and any schedules or annexures comprising it, then the provisions of the main body of this Agreement prevail.

   
22.18

Non merger

   

A term or condition of, or act done in connection with, this Agreement does not operate as a merger of any of the rights or remedies of the parties under this Agreement and those rights and remedies continue unchanged.

   
22.19

Operation of indemnities

   

Unless this Agreement expressly provides otherwise:


  (a)

each indemnity in this Agreement survives the expiry or termination of this Agreement; and

     
  (b)

a party may recover a payment under an indemnity in this Agreement before it makes the payment in respect of which the indemnity is given.


22.20

No right of set-off

   

Unless this Agreement expressly provides otherwise, a party has no right of set-off against a payment due to another party.



41

Schedule 1 – Tenements

Part A: Tenement description

1.

The Tenements comprise the area situated in New South Wales and shown coloured dark blue on a the plan contained in Schedule 1 Part B, described as:

     
(a)

part EL6009 (limited to BOU d, e, j, k, f); and

     
(b)

EL6096

     
2.

For the avoidance of doubt, the areas coloured yellow and light blue in the plan contained in Schedule 1 Part B do not form part of the Tenements under this Agreement.



42

Part B – Tenement Location Plan



43

Schedule 2 – Freehold Land

The land contained in Folio Identifier 6/752879 , being further described as follows:

Part Tyrone off Gilgai Road Miandetta
Lot 6 in deposited plan 752879 at Miandette
Local Government Area: Bogan
Parish of Gilgai County of Flinders
(formerly known as portion 6)
Title Diagram: Crown plan 261.1950

The land contained in Folio Identifier 7/7528879 , being further described as follows:

Part Tyrone off Gilgai Road Miandetta
Lot 7 in deposited plan 752879 at Miandette
Local Government Area: Bogan
Parish of Gilgai County of Flinders
(formerly known as portion 7)
Title Diagram: Crown plan 263.1950


44

Schedule 3 – Mining Joint Venture principles

The Mining JVA will include provisions:

  (a)

permitting each party to caveat its respective interest in the Mining JV against any registered interest;

     
  (b)

providing (for the purpose of securing their mutual obligations) for cross-charging by the Parties in favour of one another of (inter alia) their respect interests in the Mining JV including their respective entitlements to the proceeds from the sale of any production from the mining operations;

     
  (c)

permitting the Parties to finance the mining operations on a project basis and to charge their respective interests in the Mining JV for that purpose; and

     
  (d)

providing that each Party shall own and shall have the right to take in kind and separately dispose of, in accordance with its interest in the Mining JV, its share of any production from the Mining Operations.



45

Schedule 4 – New Royalty Deed

The Payor agrees to pay the Payee a Net Smelter Royalty for all Mineral Products and Refined Precious Metals as follows:

1.

For Mineral Products and Refined Precious Metals, the Net Smelter Royalty will be 2% of Net Smelter Returns.

         
2.

The following words and phrases will have the meanings in this Schedule:

         
(a)

Mineral Products: All ores, minerals, concentrates, ore bullion, and other products mined and removed from all or any part of the Tenements, whether or not subsequently beneficiated, processed or otherwise upgraded (but excluding Refined Precious Metals).

         
(b)

Refined Precious Metals: Gold derived from Mineral Products and refined by or for the account of the Payor to a purity of at least 0.995.

         
(c)

Net Smelter Returns:

         
(i)

in the case of Refined Precious Metals, the number of troy ounces of Refined Precious Metals delivered or credited to the account of the Payor prior to any refining, as evidenced by the metals return statements received from the refiner multiplied by the Deemed Sales Price, and reduced by the Allowable Charges; and

         
(ii)

in the case of Mineral Products that are not Refined Precious Metals, the quantity of Mineral Products which are sold and delivered by the Payor, multiplied by the Deemed Sales Price and reduced by the Allowable Charges.

         
(d)

Deemed Sales Price :

         
(i)

In the case of Refined Precious Metals, the average of the London PM fixings in U.S. Dollars for gold (as shown in the column of the Wall Street Journal entitled “Cash Prices” under the sub entry entitled “Precious Metals”) on each trading day of the Quarter, in each case converted into Australian Dollars at the rate equal to the daily average of the telegraphic transfer selling and buying rates of exchange during the previous month by the Commonwealth Bank of Australia or, if that rate does not exist, at the rate reasonably determined by the Payor;

         
(ii)

In the case of Mineral Products:

         
(A)

if the Mineral Products are sold at arms length, the Deemed Sale Price shall comprise the gross proceeds actually received by the Payor from sale of those Mineral Products; and

         
(B)

if the Mineral Products are sold otherwise than at arms length, the Deemed Sale Price shall comprise the fair market value of the Mineral Products as determined in good faith by the Payor.

         
(e)

Quarter means the period of 3 calendar months ending on 31 March, 30 June, 30 September and 31 December in each year.



46

  (f)

Each of the Payor and the Payee acknowledge that the Payor may from time to time undertake forward sale and/or purchase contracts, spot deferred contracts, and option contracts and/or other price hedging and price protection arrangements and mechanisms and speculative purchases and sales of forward, futures and option contracts, both on and off commodity exchanges ( Trading Activities ) in connection with some or all of the Refined Precious Metals and other Mineral Products. The Trading Activities, and any profits and losses generated thereby, will not, in any manner, be taken into account in the calculation of royalties due to the Payee whether in connection with the determination of price, the date of sale, or the date any royalty payment is due. The Payee acknowledges that the Payor’s engaging in Trading Activities may result in the Payor realising from time to time fewer or more dollars for Refined Precious Metals or other Mineral products than is utilised in the royalty calculation and the Payee hereby waives any claim for additional royalty should the Payor at any time realise more dollars per troy ounce or other units of sale for Refined Precious Metals or Mineral Products than is utilised in the royalty calculation. Similarly, the Payor waives and the Payee will not be obligated to share in any losses generated by any Trading Activities with respect to Refined Precious Metals or other Mineral Products.

       
  (g)

Allowable Charges: The following costs, but only to the extent actually incurred and borne by the Payor:

       
  (i)

all government taxes, charges and royalties in respect of production or the value of production (but excluding any income tax and any GST which is subject to an input tax credit which is actually claimed and received);

       
  (ii)

charges, costs and penalties, if any, for smelting, refining and marketing. In the event smelting or refining are carried out in facilities owned or controlled, in whole or in part, by the Payor or its Affiliates, charges, costs and penalties with respect to those operations will mean reasonable charges, costs and penalties for those operations but not in excess of the amounts that the Payor would have incurred if those operations were carried out at facilities not owned or controlled by them offering comparable custom services;

       
  (iii)

charges and costs, if any, for transportation to places where Mineral Products are smelted, refined and sold; and

       
  (iv)

royalties, rentals, fees and charges payable to any government or other governmental or municipal body and under any native title or aboriginal heritage agreements with respect to the mineral products for which the royalty is being calculated.

       
  (h)

Payor means a party obliged to pay money under this Royalty.

       
  (i)

Payee means a party entitled to receive money under this Royalty.


3.

All royalty payments to the Payee will be paid in cash. Royalties must be paid on or before the 45th day after the last day of each Quarter. Each royalty payment will be provisional and subject to adjustment as of the end of the Payor’s fiscal year.

   
4.

Within 90 days after the end of each of the Payor’s fiscal year, the Payor will deliver to the Payee an unaudited statement of royalties paid to the Payee during the year and the calculation thereof. All year end statements will be deemed true and correct 3 months after presentation, unless within that period the Payee delivers notice to the Payor specifying with particularity the grounds for each exception. The Payee will be entitled at the Payee’s expense to an annual independent audit of the statement by a certified public accountant of recognised standing acceptable to the Payor within 2 months after presentation of the related year end statement.



47

5.

the Payor will have the right to commingle any minerals with like resources from other properties. Before commingling, resources will be sampled, assayed, weighed and measured in accordance with sound industry practices. the Payor will maintain records of the measurements, which will be available for inspection by the Payee from time to time on reasonable notice.

   
6.

For all purposes of this Schedule 4 “Affiliate” will mean any person, partnership, joint venture, corporation or other form of enterprise which directly or indirectly controls, or is controlled by, or is under common control with, a signatory. For purposes of the preceding sentence, the word “control” will mean possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause direction of management and policies through ownership of voting securities, contract, voting trust or otherwise.







































































































































EXHIBIT 21.1

To
FORM 10

DATED MAY 20, 2011

LIST OF SUBSIDIARIES

1.

Springer Mining Company (Nevada) – 100% owned

2.

Wolfram Jack Mining Corp. (Nevada) – 100% owned

3.

The Technology Store, Inc. (Nevada) – 100% owned