/s/ CHANG Ting Ting
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CHANG Ting Ting
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Chief Executive Officer
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We believe that by reincorporating to a jurisdiction outside the United States, which is in line with the Company’s anticipated business and operations which are expected to be primarily conducted outside of the United States, Zhong Yuan will be able to qualify as a “foreign private issuer” under the rules and regulations of the SEC and we expect that the reduced reporting obligations associated with being a foreign private issuer will reduce operational, administrative, legal and accounting costs in the long term. Zhong Yuan will remain subject to the mandates of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. As a foreign private issuer, Zhong Yuan also will be exempt from certain rules under the Exchange Act that would otherwise apply if Zhong Yuan were a company incorporated in the United States or did not meet the other conditions to qualify as a foreign private issuer. For example: Zhong Yuan may include in its SEC filings financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP or with IFRS as issued by the IASB without reconciliation to U.S. GAAP;
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Zhong Yuan will not be required to provide as many Exchange Act reports, or as frequently or as promptly, as U.S. companies with securities registered under the Exchange Act. For example, Zhong Yuan will not be required to file current reports on Form 8-K within four business days from the occurrence of specific material events. Instead, Zhong Yuan will need to promptly furnish reports on Form 6-K regarding any information that Zhong Yuan (a) makes or is required to make public under the laws of the Cayman Islands, (b) files or is required to file under the rules of any stock exchange, or (c) otherwise distributes or is required to distribute to its shareholders. Unlike Form 8-K, there is no precise deadline by which Form 6-K must be furnished. In addition, Zhong Yuan will not be required to file its annual report on Form 10-K, which may be due as soon as 60 days after its fiscal year end. As a foreign private issuer, Zhong Yuan will be required to file an annual report on Form 20-F within four months after its fiscal year end;
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Zhong Yuan will not be required to provide the same level of disclosure on certain issues, such as executive compensation;
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Zhong Yuan will not be required to conduct advisory votes on executive compensation;
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Zhong Yuan will be exempt from filing quarterly reports under the Exchange Act with the SEC;
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Zhong Yuan will not be subject to the requirement to comply with Regulation FD, which imposes certain restrictions on the selected disclosure of material information;
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Zhong Yuan will not be required to comply with the sections of the Exchange Act regulating the solicitation of proxies, consents or authorizations in respect of a security registered under the Exchange Act; and
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Zhong Yuan will not be required to comply with Section 16 of the Exchange Act requiring insiders to file public reports of their stock ownership and trading activities and establishing insider liability for profits realized from any “short-swing” trading transaction.
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the majority of the board of directors be comprised of independent directors;
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executive compensation be determined by independent directors or a committee of independent directors;
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director nominees be selected, or recommended for selection, by the board of directors, by independent directors or by a committee of independent directors;
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an audit committee be comprised of at least three members, each of whom is an independent director and one of whom has finance and accounting experience; and
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all related party transactions be reviewed by the audit committee or another independent body of the board of directors.
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The Cayman Islands has a different body of securities laws and corporate laws as compared to the United States and may provide significantly less protection to investors;
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Cayman Islands companies may not have standing to sue before the federal courts of the United States; and
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Zhong Yuan’s constitutional documents do not contain provisions requiring that disputes, including those arising under the securities laws of the United States, between it and our officers, directors and shareholders be arbitrated.
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Zhong Yuan was incorporated with the Company holding 100 percent of the ordinary shares issued by Zhong Yuan, consisting of 100 shares.
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Upon effectiveness of the Redomicile Merger (the “Effective Time”) (i) the Company will merge with and into Zhong Yuan, with Zhong Yuan as the surviving company, and (ii) each share of the Company’s Common Stock will be converted into the right to receive one ordinary share in the capital of Zhong Yuan and Zhong Yuan shall issue to each holder of such right that number of ordinary shares in Zhong Yuan to which each such holder is entitled.
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At the Effective Time, Zhong Yuan will cancel the 100 ordinary shares issued to the Company prior to the Redomicile Merger and all Common Stock of the Company will be cancelled.
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the Merger Agreement and the Plan of Merger have been approved and adopted by the requisite vote of stockholders of the Company and of Zhong Yuan;
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none of the parties to the Merger Agreement is subject to any decree, order or injunction that prohibits the consummation of the Redomicile Merger;
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all material consents and authorizations of, filings or registrations with, and notices to, any governmental or regulatory authority required of the Company, Zhong Yuan or their subsidiaries to consummate the Redomicile Merger have been obtained or made; and
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the representations and warranties of the parties to the Merger Agreement set forth in the Merger Agreement are true and correct in all material respects, and the covenants of the parties set forth in the Merger Agreement (other than those to be performed after the Effective Time) have been performed in all material respects.
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a financial institution or insurance company;
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a tax-exempt organization;
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a dealer or broker in securities, commodities or foreign currencies;
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a shareholder that holds Company Common Stock as part of a hedge, appreciated financial position, straddle, conversion or other risk reduction transaction;
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a U.S. Holder (as defined below) whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar;
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a shareholder that beneficially owns five percent or more of Company Common Stock;
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a shareholder that acquired Company Common Stock pursuant to the exercise of compensatory options or otherwise as compensation.
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a citizen or individual resident of the United States;
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a corporation, or other entity taxable as a corporation, created or organized in or under the laws of the United States, any state therein or the District of Columbia; or
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an estate or trust the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source.
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a nonresident alien individual;
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a non-U.S. corporation; or
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a non-U.S. estate or trust.
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the names and addresses of the members, a statement of the shares held by each member, and of the amount paid or agreed to be considered as paid, on the shares of each member;
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the date on which the name of any person was entered on the register as a member; and
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the date on which any person ceased to be a member.
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the instrument of transfer is lodged with Zhong Yuan, accompanied by the certificate for the ordinary shares to which it relates and such other evidence as Zhong Yuan’s board of directors may reasonably require to show the right of the transferor to make the transfer;
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the instrument of transfer is in respect of only one class of ordinary shares;
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the instrument of transfer is properly stamped, if required;
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in the case of a transfer to joint holders, the number of joint holders to whom the ordinary share is to be transferred does not exceed four; or
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the ordinary shares transferred are free of any lien in favor of Zhong Yuan.
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increase its share capital by such sum, to be divided into shares of such classes and amount, as the resolution shall prescribe;
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consolidate and divide all or any of its share capital into shares of a larger amount than its existing shares;
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convert all or any of its paid up shares into stock and reconvert that stock into paid up shares of any denomination;
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sub-divide its existing shares, or any of them into shares of a smaller amount that is fixed by the amended and restated memorandum and articles of association; and
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cancel any shares which, at the date of the passing of the resolution, have not been taken or agreed to be taken by any person and diminish the amount of its share capital by the amount of the shares so cancelled.
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the designation of the series;
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the number of shares of the series;
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the dividend rights, dividend rates, conversion rights, voting rights; and
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the rights and terms of redemption and liquidation preferences.
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DGCL/The Company’s Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws
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Companies Law/Zhong Yuan’s Memorandum of Association and Articles of Association
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Stockholder/Shareholder Approval of Business Combinations; Fundamental Changes
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Under the DGCL, a merger, consolidation, sale, lease, exchange or other disposition of all or substantially all of the property of a corporation not in the usual and regular course of the corporation’s business, or a dissolution of the corporation, is generally required to be approved by the holders of a majority of the shares outstanding and entitled to vote on the matter, unless the articles of incorporation provides otherwise. The Company’s certificate of incorporation does not provide otherwise.
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There are a number of mechanisms for acquiring a Cayman Islands company including: (1) a court-approved “scheme of arrangement” under the Companies Law; (2) through a tender offer by a third party; and (3) through a merger or consolidation between the Cayman Islands company and another company incorporated in the Cayman Islands or another jurisdiction (provided that the merger or consolidation is allowed by the laws of that other jurisdiction).
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DGCL/The Company’s Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws
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Companies Law/Zhong Yuan’s Memorandum of Association and Articles of Association
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In general, under the DGCL, mergers in which the surviving corporation will issue less than 20% of such corporation’s stock does not require shareholder approval. In addition, mergers in which one corporation owns 90% or more of each class of stock of a second corporation may be completed without the vote of the second corporation’s board of directors or shareholders. In certain situations, the approval of a business combination may require approval by a certain number of the holders of a class or series of shares.
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A scheme of arrangement with one or more class or series of shareholders requires the sanction of the scheme of arrangement by the Cayman Islands court and the approval of a majority in number of the registered holders of each participating class or series of shares voting on the scheme of arrangement, representing 75% or more in value of the shares of each participating class or series voted on such proposal at the relevant meeting excluding any shares held by the acquiring party. If a scheme of arrangement receives the approval of shareholders of a company and is subsequently sanctioned by the Cayman Islands court, all holders of ordinary shares of the company will be bound by the terms of the scheme of arrangement.
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The DGCL does not contain a procedure comparable to a scheme of arrangement under the Companies Law.
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The Companies Law provides that when an offer is made for shares of any class or series of a Cayman Islands company and, within four months of the offer, the holders of not less than 90% of such class or series accept the offer, the offeror may, for two months after that four-month period, require the remaining shareholders of the relevant class or series to transfer their shares on the same terms as the original offer. In those circumstances, non-tendering shareholders will be compelled to sell their shares, unless within one month from the date on which the notice to compulsorily acquire was given to the non-tendering shareholder, the non-tendering shareholder is able to convince a Cayman Islands court to order otherwise.
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Authorization of a merger or consolidation requires: (a) the passing of a special resolution by the shareholders of each constituent company, and (b) such other authorization, if any, as may be specified in each such company’s constitutive documents. In addition, the consent of each holder of a fixed or floating security of a constituent company must be obtained, unless the court waives such requirement.
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Under Zhong Yuan’s articles of association and the Companies Law, there is no requirement for shareholder approval for a sale of all or substantially all of Zhong Yuan’s assets.
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DGCL/The Company’s Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws
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Companies Law/Zhong Yuan’s Memorandum of Association and Articles of Association
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Special Vote Required for Combinations with Interested Stockholders/Shareholders
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Section 203 of the DGCL provides (in general) that a corporation may not engage in a business combination with an interested stockholder for a period of three years after the time of the transaction in which the person became an interested stockholder.
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There is no provision in the Companies Law or Zhong Yuan’s articles of association prohibiting business combinations with interested shareholders.
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The prohibition on business combinations with interested stockholders does not apply in some cases, including if: (1) the board of directors of the corporation, prior to the time of the transaction in which the person became an interested stockholder, approves (a) the business combination or (b) the transaction in which the stockholder becomes an interested stockholder; (2) upon consummation of the transaction which resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, the interested stockholder owned at least 85% of the voting stock of the corporation outstanding at the time the transaction commenced; or (3) the board of directors and the holders of at least two-thirds of the outstanding voting stock not owned by the interested stockholder approve the business combination on or after the time of the transaction in which the person became an interested stockholder.
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For the purpose of Section 203, the DGCL generally defines an interested stockholder to include any person who, together with that person’s affiliates or associates, (1) owns 15% or more of the outstanding voting stock of the corporation, or (2) is an affiliate or associate of the corporation and owned 15% or more of the outstanding voting stock of the corporation at any time within the previous three years.
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DGCL/The Company’s Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws
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Companies Law/Zhong Yuan’s Memorandum of Association and Articles of Association
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Dissenter Rights; Rights to Dissent; Compulsory Acquisition
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Under the DGCL, a stockholder of a corporation does not have appraisal rights in connection with a merger or consolidation, if, among other things: (1) the corporation’s shares are listed on a national securities exchange or held of record by more than 2,000 stockholders; or (2) the corporation will be the surviving corporation of the merger and no vote of its stockholders is required to approve the merger.
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The Companies Law and Zhong Yuan’s articles of association do not specifically provide for appraisal rights. However, in connection with the compulsory transfer of shares to a 90% shareholder of a Cayman Islands company as described under “Shareholder Approval of Business Combinations; Fundamental Changes,” a minority shareholder may apply to the Cayman Islands court within one month of receiving notice of the compulsory transfer objecting to that transfer. In these circumstances, the burden is on the minority shareholder to show that the court should exercise its discretion to prevent the compulsory transfer. The court is unlikely to grant any relief in the absence of bad faith, fraud, unequal treatment of shareholders or collusion as between the offeror and the holders of the shares who have accepted the offer as a means of unfairly forcing out minority shareholders.
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However, a stockholder is entitled to appraisal rights in the case of a merger or consolidation effected under certain provisions of the DGCL if the stockholder is required to accept in exchange for the shares anything other than: (1) shares of stock of the corporation surviving or resulting from the merger or consolidation; (2) shares of any other corporation that on the effective date of the merger or consolidation will be either listed on a national securities exchange or held of record by more than 2,000 stockholders; or (3) cash instead of fractional shares of the corporation.
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In connection with a merger or a consolidation, dissenting shareholders have the right to be paid the fair value of their shares (which, if not agreed between the parties, will be determined by the Cayman Islands court) if they follow the required procedures set out in the Companies Law, subject to certain exceptions.
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The Company’s shares are not currently listed on an exchange, they are not held by more than 2,000 shareholders and the Company is not the surviving company in the Merger.
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Stockholder/Shareholder Consent to Action Without Meeting
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Under the DGCL, unless otherwise provided in the certificate of incorporation, any action that can be taken at a meeting of the stockholders may be taken without a meeting if written consent to the action is signed by the holders of outstanding stock having the minimum number of votes necessary to authorize or take the action at a meeting of the stockholders. The Company’s bylaws allow its stockholders to act by written consent.
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Zhong Yuan’s articles of association permits resolutions to be effected by a written resolution signed by a majority of the shareholders entitled to vote on the resolution and permits special resolutions to be effected by a unanimous written resolution. A special resolution is a resolution that is required to be either (a) passed by a majority of not less than two-thirds of shareholders as, being entitled to do so, vote in person or by proxy at a general meeting, or (b) signed by all the shareholders entitled to vote on that resolution.
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DGCL/The Company’s Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws
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Companies Law/Zhong Yuan’s Memorandum of Association and Articles of Association | |||
Distributions and Dividends; Repurchases and Redemptions
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Under the DGCL, a corporation may pay dividends out of capital surplus and, if there is no surplus, out of net profits for the current and/or the preceding fiscal year, unless the net assets of the corporation are less than the capital represented by issued and outstanding shares having a preference on asset distributions. Surplus is defined in the DGCL as the excess of the net assets over capital, as such capital may be adjusted by the board.
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Under the Companies Law, the board of directors may declare the payment of dividends to holders of ordinary shares out of Zhong Yuan’s (1) profits available for distribution, or (2) “share premium account”, which represents the excess of the price paid to Zhong Yuan on the issue of its shares over the par or “nominal” value of those shares and is similar to the U.S. law concept of additional paid in capital.
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A Delaware corporation may purchase or redeem shares of any class except when its capital is impaired or would be impaired by the purchase or redemption. A corporation may, however, purchase or redeem out of capital shares that are entitled upon any distribution of its assets to a preference over another class or series of its shares, or if no shares entitled to such preference are outstanding, any of its own shares, if such shares will be retired upon their acquisition and the capital of the corporation reduced.
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However, no dividends may be paid if, after payment, Zhong Yuan would not be able to pay its debts as they come due in the ordinary course of business.
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Dividends on ordinary shares, if any, are at the discretion of the directors and depend on, among other things, Zhong Yuan’s results of operations, cash requirements and surplus, financial condition, contractual restrictions and other factors that the directors deems relevant, as well as Zhong Yuan’s ability to pay dividends in compliance with the Cayman Islands law. Under the Cayman Islands law, Zhong Yuan is not required to present proposed dividends or distributions to its shareholders for approval or adoption. Zhong Yuan may pay dividends in any currency.
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The directors are also entitled to issue shares with preferred rights to participate in dividends declared by Zhong Yuan. The holders of such preference shares may, depending on their terms, rank senior to the ordinary shares with respect to dividends.
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Under the Companies Law, shares of a Cayman Islands company may be redeemed or repurchased out of profits of the company, out of the proceeds of a fresh issue of shares made for that purpose or out of capital, provided the company’s articles authorize this and it has the ability to pay its debts as they come due in the ordinary course of business.
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DGCL/The Company’s Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws
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Companies Law/Zhong Yuan’s Memorandum of Association and Articles of Association | |||
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Zhong Yuan’s articles of association provide that the company may make a payment in respect of the redemption or purchase of its own shares otherwise than out of profits or the proceeds of a fresh issue of shares.
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Removal of Directors; Terms of Directors
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Under the DGCL, except in the case of a corporation with a classified board or with cumulative voting, any director or the entire board may be removed, with or without cause, by the holders of a majority of the shares entitled to vote at an election of directors.
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Under Zhong Yuan’s articles of association, the directors of Zhong Yuan hold office until the expiration of their term or such time as they are removed from office by ordinary resolution of the shareholders.
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The Company’s certificate of incorporation does not provide for either a classified board of directors or for cumulative voting.
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In addition, the office of any director shall be vacated if the director (i) becomes bankrupt or makes any arrangement or composition with his creditors, (ii) dies or is found to be or becomes of unsound mind, or (iii) resigns his office by notice in writing to Zhong Yuan.
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Directors may be elected by a resolution of the board of directors, or by an ordinary resolution of the shareholders.
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Inspection of Books and Records
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Under the DGCL, any stockholder may, upon written demand under oath stating the purpose thereof, inspect the corporation's books and records for a proper purpose during the usual hours for business.
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Shareholders of a Cayman Islands company do not have any general rights to inspect or obtain copies of the list of shareholders or corporate records of a company (other than the register of mortgages and charges and the memorandum and articles of association). Under Zhong Yuan’s articles of association, the directors have the discretion as to whether, to what extent, when, where and under what conditions or regulations the accounts and books of the company or any of them shall be open to the inspection of members who are not directors.
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The Company’s bylaws provide that a list of stockholders shall be open to the examination of any stockholder before any meeting of the stockholders for any purpose germane to the meeting during ordinary business hours, for a period of at least ten (10) days prior to the meeting. The list may also be inspected by any stockholder who is present at a meeting of stockholders.
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The Companies Law requires that the register of mortgages and charges of a corporation be open to inspection by any shareholder or creditor of the company at all reasonable times.
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DGCL/The Company’s Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws
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Companies Law/Zhong Yuan’s Memorandum of Association and Articles of Association | |||
Amendment of Governing Documents
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Under the DGCL, a certificate of incorporation may be amended if: (1) the board of directors sets forth the proposed amendment in a resolution, declares the advisability of the amendment and directs that it be submitted to a vote at a meeting of stockholders; and (2) the holders of a majority of shares of stock entitled to vote on the matter approve the amendment, unless the certificate of incorporation requires the vote of a greater number of shares. The Company’s certificate of incorporation is silent as to the vote required to amend the certificate of incorporation.
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The Companies Law and Zhong Yuan’s articles of association provide that Zhong Yuan’s memorandum of association and articles of association may only be amended by passing a special resolution of its shareholders to effect such amendment.
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In addition, under the DGCL, the holders of the outstanding shares of a class are entitled to vote as a class on an amendment, whether or not entitled to vote thereon by the certificate of incorporation, if the amendment adversely affects the terms of the shares of a class. Class voting rights do not exist as to other extraordinary matters, unless the certificate of incorporation provides otherwise. The Company’s certificate of incorporation does not have such alternate provisions.
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Under the DGCL, the board of directors may amend a corporation’s bylaws if so authorized in the certificate of incorporation. The Company’s certificate of incorporation and bylaws authorize the board of directors to amend the Company’s bylaws. The Company’s stockholders also have the power to amend bylaws under the company’s bylaws and the DGCL.
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Indemnification of Directors and Officers
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Under the DGCL, a corporation is generally permitted to indemnify its directors and officers against expenses, judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred in connection with any action, other than an action brought on behalf of the corporation, and against expenses actually and reasonably incurred in the defense or settlement of a derivative action, provided that there is a determination that the individual acted in good faith and in a manner reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation. That determination must be made by: (1) a majority of the disinterested directors, even though less than a quorum; (2) a committee of disinterested directors designated by a majority vote of disinterested directors, even though less than a quorum; (3) independent legal counsel, if there are no disinterested directors or if the disinterested directors so direct regardless of whether a quorum of disinterested directors exists; or (4) the stockholders.
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Cayman Islands law does not limit the extent to which a company’s articles of association may provide for indemnification of officers and directors, except to the extent any such provision may be held by the Cayman Islands courts to be contrary to public policy, such as to provide indemnification against civil fraud or the consequences of committing a crime.
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Without court approval, however, no indemnification may be made in respect of any derivative action in which an individual is adjudged liable to the corporation.
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Zhong Yuan’s articles of association provide that its directors and officers shall be indemnified against all actions, proceedings, costs, charges, expenses, losses, damages and liabilities incurred or sustained by such director or officer, other than by reason of such person’s own dishonesty, willful default or fraud, in or about the conduct of Zhong Yuan’s business or affairs or in the execution or discharge of his duties, powers, authorities or discretions, including without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing, any costs, expenses, losses or liabilities incurred by such director or officer in defending (whether successfully or otherwise) any civil proceedings concerning Zhong Yuan or its affairs in any court whether in the Cayman Islands or elsewhere.
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DGCL/The Company’s Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws
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Companies Law/Zhong Yuan’s Memorandum of Association and Articles of Association | |||
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The DGCL requires indemnification of directors and officers for expenses relating to a successful defense on the merits or otherwise of a derivative or third-party action. Under the DGCL, a corporation may advance expenses relating to the defense of any proceeding to directors and officers contingent upon those individuals' commitment to repay any advances, unless it is determined ultimately that those individuals are entitled to be indemnified.
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The Company’s certificate of incorporation and bylaws provide for indemnification of directors and officers to the fullest extent permitted by law. The bylaws provide for advancement of expenses to defend claims against directors and officers. Further, the Company has indemnification agreements with its directors, officers and certain other employees which provide rights and benefits in addition to those described above.
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Limited Liability of Directors
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The DGCL permits the adoption of a provision in a corporation's certificate of incorporation limiting or eliminating the monetary liability of a director to a corporation or its stockholders by reason of a director's breach of the fiduciary duty of care. The DGCL does not permit any limitation of the liability of a director for: (1) breaching the duty of loyalty to the corporation or its stockholders; (2) failing to act in good faith; (3) engaging in intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law; (4) obtaining an improper personal benefit from the corporation; or (5) paying a dividend or approving a stock repurchase or redemption that was illegal under applicable law.
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Cayman Islands law, in certain circumstances, permits a company to limit the liability of a director to the company. The considerations under Cayman Islands law with regard to the limitation of a director’s liability are similar to those that apply to the enforcement of provisions relating to the indemnification of directors discussed above under “Indemnification of Directors and Officers.” A Cayman Islands court will enforce such a limitation except to the extent that enforcement of the relevant provision may be held to be contrary to public policy.
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The Company’s certificate of incorporation provides that, to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL, directors are not personally liable to the company or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director.
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Zhong Yuan’s articles of association provide that no current or former director and officer of the company shall be liable to the company for any loss or damage incurred by the company as a result (whether direct or indirect) of the carrying out of their functions unless that liability arises through such person’s own willful neglect or default.
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DGCL/The Company’s Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws
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Companies Law/Zhong Yuan’s Memorandum of Association and Articles of Association | |||
Stockholder/Shareholder Lawsuits
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Under the DGCL, a stockholder bringing a derivative suit must have been a stockholder at the time of the wrong complained of or that the stock was transferred to him by operation of law from a person who was such a stockholder. In addition, the stockholder must remain a stockholder throughout the litigation. There is no requirement under the DGCL to advance the expenses of a lawsuit to a stockholder.
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In the Cayman Islands, the decision to institute proceedings on behalf of a company is generally taken by the company’s board of directors. In certain limited circumstances, a shareholder may be entitled to bring a derivative action on behalf of Zhong Yuan. However, the consideration of such suits has been limited. In this regard, the Cayman Islands courts ordinarily would permit a claim to be brought by a minority shareholder, in respect of a cause of action vested in a Cayman Islands company, in the name of and seeking relief on behalf of the company only (1) in respect of a cause of action arising from an actual or proposed act or omission involving negligence, default, breach of duty or breach of trust by a director of a company; (2) where the act complained of is illegal or alleged to constitute a fraud against the company or against any minority shareholder; or (3) where the act is beyond the corporate power of the company or otherwise requires approval by a greater percentage of the company’s shareholders than actually approved it; and, in each case, where the act complained of is not capable of subsequent ratification by any majority of the company’s shareholders at a general meeting. The cause of action may be against the director, another person or both.
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Under the DGCL, an individual may also commence a class action suit on behalf of himself or herself and other similarly situated stockholders where the requirements for maintaining a class action under Delaware law have been met.
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A shareholder may also be permitted to bring an action in his or her own name against a Cayman Islands company, a director or any other person in respect of any direct loss suffered by such shareholder as a result of any negligence, default, breach of duty or breach of trust. In any such action, however, a loss suffered by the company will not be regarded as a direct loss suffered by the individual shareholder. A shareholder may also be permitted to bring an action on the basis that the company’s affairs are being, or have been, conducted in a manner that is unfairly prejudicial to the interests of shareholders generally or to some shareholders in particular.
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Name and Address of
Beneficial Owner
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Amount of Beneficial Ownership
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Percent of Beneficial Ownership
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CHANG Ting Ting
(1)
Suite 2432, Sun Hung Kai Centre
30 Harbour Road
Wanchai, Hong Kong
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8,000,000
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94.1%
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Officers & Directors as a Group
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8,000,000
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94.1%
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“
Articles
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these Articles of Association of the Company as altered or added to, from time to time;
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“Board” or
“Board of Directors”
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the board of Directors for the time being of the Company;
|
||
“Business Day”
|
|
a day (excluding Saturdays or Sundays), on which banks in Hong Kong, and New York are open for general banking business throughout their normal business hours;
|
|
“
Chairman
”
|
|
the Chairman appointed pursuant to Article 81;
|
|
“
Commission
”
|
|
Securities and Exchange Commission of the United States of America or any other federal agency for the time being administering the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (“Securities Act”) or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Exchange Act”);
|
|
“
Companies Law
”
|
|
the Companies Law (2016 Revision) of the Cayman Islands and any statutory amendment or re-enactment thereof. Where any provision of the Companies Law is referred to, the reference is to that provision as amended by any law for the time being in force;
|
|
“
Company
”
|
|
Zhong Yuan Bio-Technology Holdings Limited., a Cayman Islands company limited by shares;
|
|
“
Company’s Website
”
|
|
the website of the Company, if any, the address or domain name of which has been notified to Members;
|
|
“
Designated Stock Exchange
”
|
|
any of the markets of The Nasdaq Stock Market, The New York Stock Exchange, the NYSE American or any other internationally recognized stock exchange where the Company’s securities are traded;
|
“
Directors
”
|
|
the directors of the Company for the time being, or as the case may be, the Directors assembled as a Board or as a committee thereof;
|
“
electronic
”
|
|
the meaning given to it in the Electronic Transactions Law (2003 Revision) of the Cayman Islands and any amendment thereto or re-enactments thereof for the time being in force and includes every other law incorporated therewith or substituted therefor;
|
“
electronic communication
”
|
|
electronic posting to the Company’s Website, transmission to any number, address or internet website or other electronic delivery methods as otherwise decided and approved by not less than two-thirds of the vote of the Board;
|
“
in writing
”
|
|
includes writing, printing, lithograph, photograph, type-writing and every other mode of representing words or figures in a legible and non-transitory form and, only where used in connection with a notice served by the Company on Members or other persons entitled to receive notices hereunder, shall also include a record maintained in an electronic medium which is accessible in visible form so as to be useable for subsequent reference;
|
“
Member
” or “
Shareholder
”
|
|
a person who is registered as the holder of Shares in the Register of Members;
|
“
Memorandum of Association
”
|
|
the Memorandum of Association of the Company, as amended and re-stated from time to time;
|
“
month
”
|
|
calendar month;
|
“
Securities Act
”
|
|
the Securities Act of 1933, as amended of the United States of America, or any similar federal statute and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder, all as the same shall be in effect at the time;
|
“
share
”
|
|
any share in the capital of the Company and includes a fraction of a share;
|
“
signed
”
|
|
includes a signature or representation of a signature affixed by mechanical means or an electronic symbol or process attached to or logically associated with an electronic communication and executed or adopted by a person with the intent to sign the electronic communication;
|
“
Special Resolution
”
|
|
a special resolution of the Company passed in accordance with the Companies Law, being a resolution:
(a) passed by a majority of not less than two-thirds of such Members as, being entitled to do so, vote in person or, where proxies are allowed, by proxy at a general meeting of the Company of which notice specifying the intention to propose the resolution as a special resolution has been duly given and where a poll is taken regard shall be had in computing a majority to the number of votes to which each Member is entitled; or
(b) approved in writing by all of the Members entitled to vote at a general or special meeting of the Company in one or more instruments each signed by one or more of the Members and the effective date of the special resolution so adopted shall be the date on which the instrument or the last of such instruments, if more than one, is executed;
|
“
Statutes
”
|
|
the Companies Law and every other laws and regulations of the Cayman Islands for the time being in force concerning companies and affecting the Company;
|
“
year
”
|
|
calendar year.
|
|
(d)
|
“MAY” shall be construed as permissive and “SHALL” shall be construed as imperative;
|
|
(e)
|
a reference to a dollar or dollars (or $) is a reference to dollars of the United States;
|
|
(f)
|
references to a statutory enactment shall include reference to any amendment or re-enactment thereof for the time being in force;
|
|
(g)
|
any phrase introduced by the terms “including,” “include,” “in particular” or any similar expression shall be construed as illustrative and shall not limit the sense of the words preceding those terms; and
|
|
(h)
|
Section 8 of the Electronic Transactions Law (2003 Revision) shall not apply.
|
3.
|
Subject to the last two preceding Articles, any words defined in the Companies Law shall, if not inconsistent with the subject or context, bear the same meaning in these Articles.
|
4.
|
The business of the Company may be conducted as the Directors see fit.
|
5.
|
The registered office of the Company shall be at such address in the Cayman Islands as the Directors shall from time to time determine. The Company may in addition establish and maintain such other offices and places of business and agencies in such places as the Directors may from time to time determine.
|
6.
|
Subject to the provisions, if any, in the Memorandum of Association, these Articles and to any direction that may be given by the Company in a general meeting, the Directors may, in their absolute discretion and without approval of the existing Members, issue shares, grant rights over existing shares or issue other securities in one or more series as they deem necessary and appropriate and determine designations, powers, preferences, privileges and other rights, including dividend rights, conversion rights, terms of redemption and liquidation preferences, any or all of which may be greater than the powers and rights associated with the shares held by existing Members, at such times and on such other terms as they think proper. The Company shall not issue shares in bearer form.
|
7.
|
The Directors may provide, out of the unissued shares, for series of preferred shares. Before any preferred shares of any such series are issued, the Directors shall fix, by resolution or resolutions, the following provisions of the preferred shares thereof:
|
|
(a)
|
the designation of such series, the number of preferred shares to constitute such series and the subscription price thereof if different from the par value thereof;
|
|
(b)
|
whether the shares of such series shall have voting rights, in addition to any voting rights provided by law, and, if so, the terms of such voting rights, which may be general or limited;
|
|
(c)
|
the dividends, if any, payable on such series, whether any such dividends shall be cumulative, and, if so, from what dates, the conditions and dates upon which such dividends shall be payable, the preference or relation which such dividends shall bear to the dividends payable on any shares of any other class or any other series of preferred shares;
|
|
(d)
|
whether the preferred shares of such series shall be subject to redemption by the Company, and, if so, the times, prices and other conditions of such redemption;
|
|
(e)
|
the amount or amounts payable upon preferred shares of such series upon, and the rights of the holders of such series in, a voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up, or upon any distribution of the assets, of the Company;
|
|
(f)
|
whether the preferred shares of such series shall be subject to the operation of a retirement or sinking fund and, if so, the extent to and manner in which any such retirement or sinking fund shall be applied to the purchase or redemption of the preferred shares of such series for retirement or other corporate purposes and the terms and provisions relative to the operation thereof;
|
|
(g)
|
whether the preferred shares of such series shall be convertible into, or exchangeable for, shares of any other class or any other series of preferred shares or any other securities and, if so, the price or prices or the rate or rates of conversion or exchange and the method, if any, of adjusting the same, and any other terms and conditions of conversion or exchange;
|
|
(h)
|
the limitations and restrictions, if any, to be effective while any preferred shares of such series are outstanding upon the payment of dividends or the making of other distributions on, and upon the purchase, redemption or other acquisition by the Company of, the existing shares or shares of any other class of shares or any other series of preferred shares;
|
|
(i)
|
the conditions or restrictions, if any, upon the creation of indebtedness of the Company or upon the issue of any additional shares, including additional shares of such series or of any other class of shares or any other series of preferred shares; and
|
|
(j)
|
any other powers, preferences and relative, participating, optional and other special rights, and any qualifications, limitations and restrictions thereof.
|
8.
|
The powers, preferences and relative, participating, optional and other special rights of each series of preferred shares, and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, if any, may differ from those of any and all other series at any time outstanding. All shares of any one series of preferred shares shall be identical in all respects with all other shares of such series, except that shares of any one series issued at different times may differ as to the dates from which dividends thereon shall be cumulative.
|
9.
|
The Company shall maintain a register of its Members and a Member shall only be entitled to a share certificate if the Directors resolve that share certificates shall be issued. Share certificates (if any) shall specify the share or shares held by that person and the amount paid up thereon, provided that in respect of a share or shares held jointly by several persons the Company shall not be bound to issue more than one certificate, and delivery of a certificate for a share to one of several joint holders shall be sufficient delivery to all. All certificates for shares shall be delivered personally or sent through the post addressed to the Member entitled thereto at the Member’s registered address as appearing in the Register of Members.
|
10.
|
All share certificates shall bear legends required under the applicable laws, including the Securities Act.
|
11.
|
Any two or more certificates representing shares of any one class held by any Member may at the Member’s request be cancelled and a single new certificate for such shares issued in lieu on payment (if the Directors shall so require) of US$1.00 or such smaller sum as the Directors shall determine.
|
12.
|
If a share certificate shall be damaged or defaced or alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed, a new certificate representing the same shares may be issued to the relevant Member upon request subject to delivery up of the old certificate or (if alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed) compliance with such conditions as to evidence and indemnity and the payment of out-of-pocket expenses of the Company in connection with the request as the Directors may think fit.
|
13.
|
In the event that shares are held jointly by several persons, any request may be made by any one of the joint holders and if so made shall be binding on all of the joint holders.
|
14.
|
(a) Shares are transferable subject to the approval of the Board or the written consent of a Director authorized by the Board in writing to approve share transfers and the Board may, in its sole discretion, decline to register any transfer of any share which is not fully paid up or on which the Company has a lien, or which is not in compliance with the applicable provisions of the Securities Act, the Exchange Act, or other US federal and state securities laws.
|
|
(b)
|
The Directors may also decline to register any transfer of any share unless:
|
|
(i)
|
the instrument of transfer is lodged with the Company, accompanied by the certificate for the shares to which it relates and such other evidence as the Board may reasonably require to show the right of the transferor to make the transfer;
|
|
(ii)
|
the instrument of transfer is in respect of only one class of shares;
|
|
(iii)
|
the instrument of transfer is properly stamped, if required;
|
|
(iv)
|
in the case of a transfer to joint holders, the number of joint holders to whom the share is to be transferred does not exceed four;
|
|
(v)
|
the shares conceded are free of any lien in favor of the Company; or
|
|
(vi)
|
a fee of such maximum sum as the Designated Stock Exchange may determine to be payable, or such lesser sum as the Board may from time to time require, is paid to the Company in respect thereof.
|
|
(c)
|
If the Directors refuse to register a transfer they shall, within two months after the date on which the instrument of transfer was lodged, send to each of the transferor and the transferee notice of such refusal.
|
15.
|
The registration of transfers may, on 14 days’ notice being given by advertisement in such one or more newspapers or by electronic means, be suspended and the register closed at such times and for such periods as the Board may from time to time determine, provided, however, that the registration of transfers shall not be suspended nor the register closed for more than 30 days in any year.
|
16.
|
The instrument of transfer of any share shall be in writing and executed by or on behalf of the transferor (and if the Directors so require, signed by the transferee). The transferor shall be deemed to remain a holder of the share until the name of the transferee is entered in the Register of Members.
|
17.
|
All instruments of transfer that shall be registered shall be retained by the Company.
|
18.
|
Subject to the provisions of the Statutes and these Articles, the Company may:
|
|
(a)
|
issue shares on terms that they are to be redeemed or are liable to be redeemed at the option of the Company or the Member and the redemption of shares shall be effected on such terms and in such manner as the Board may, before the issue of such shares, determine;
|
|
(b)
|
purchase its own shares (including any redeemable shares) provided that the Members shall have approved the manner of purchase by Ordinary Resolution or the manner of purchase is in accordance with Articles 19 and 20 (this authorization is in accordance with section 37(2) of the Statutes or any modification or re-enactment thereof for the time being in force); and
|
|
(c)
|
the Company may make a payment in respect of the redemption or purchase of its own shares in any manner permitted by the Statutes, including out of capital.
|
19.
|
Purchase of shares listed on the Designated Stock Exchange: the Company is authorized to purchase any share listed on the Designated Stock Exchange in accordance with the following manner of purchase:
|
|
(a)
|
the maximum number of shares that may be repurchased shall be equal to the number of issued and outstanding shares less one share; and
|
|
(b)
|
the repurchase shall be at such time, at such price and on such other terms as determined and agreed by the Board in their sole discretion provided however that:
|
|
(i)
|
such repurchase transactions shall be in accordance with the relevant code, rules and regulations applicable to the listing of the shares on the Designated Stock Exchange; and
|
|
(ii)
|
at the time of the repurchase, the Company is able to pay its debts as they fall due in the ordinary course of its business.
|
20.
|
Purchase of shares not listed on the Designated Stock Exchange: the Company is authorized to purchase any shares not listed on the Designated Stock Exchange in accordance with the following manner of purchase:
|
|
(a)
|
the Company shall serve a repurchase notice in a form approved by the Board on the Member from whom the shares are to be repurchased at least two Business Days prior to the date specified in the notice as being the repurchase date;
|
|
(b)
|
the price for the shares being repurchased shall be such price agreed between the Board and the applicable Member;
|
|
(c)
|
the date of repurchase shall be the date specified in the repurchase notice; and
|
|
(d)
|
the repurchase shall be on such other terms as specified in the repurchase notice as determined and agreed by the Board and the applicable Member in their sole discretion.
|
21.
|
The redemption or purchase of any share shall not be deemed to give rise to the redemption or purchase of any other share and the Company is not obligated to purchase any other share other than as may be required pursuant to applicable law and any other contractual obligations of the Company.
|
22.
|
The holder of the shares being purchased shall be bound to deliver up to the Company the certificate(s) (if any) thereof for cancellation and thereupon the Company shall pay to him the purchase or redemption monies or consideration in respect thereof.
|
23.
|
If at any time the share capital is divided into different classes or series of shares, the rights attaching to any class or series (unless otherwise provided by the terms of issue of the shares of that class or series) may, subject to these Articles, be varied or abrogated with the consent in writing of the holders of a majority of the issued shares of that class or series or with the sanction of a Special Resolution passed at a general meeting of the holders of the shares of that class or series or by Special Resolution signed by all of the Members of that class or series entitled to vote.
|
24.
|
The provisions of these Articles relating to general meetings shall apply to every such general meeting of the holders of one class or series of shares except the following:
|
|
(a)
|
separate general meetings of the holders of a class or series of shares may be called only by (i) the Chairman of the Board, or (ii) a majority of the entire Board of Directors (unless otherwise specifically provided by the terms of issue of the shares of such class or series). Nothing in this Article 24 or Article 23 shall be deemed to give any Member or Members the right to call a class or series meeting.
|
|
(b)
|
the necessary quorum shall be one or more persons holding or representing by proxy at least one-third of the issued shares of the class or series and any holder of shares of the class or series present in person or by proxy may demand a poll.
|
25.
|
The rights conferred upon the holders of the shares of any class or series shall not, unless otherwise expressly provided by the terms of issue of the shares of that class or series, be deemed to be varied by the creation or issue of further shares ranking in priority thereto or pari passu therewith.
|
26.
|
The Company may in so far as the Statutes from time to time permit pay a commission to any person in consideration of his subscribing or agreeing to subscribe whether absolutely or conditionally for any shares of the Company. Such commissions may be satisfied by the payment of cash or the lodgement of fully or partly paid-up shares or partly in one way and partly in the other. The Company may also on any issue of shares pay such brokerage as may be lawful.
|
27.
|
No person shall be recognized by the Company as holding any share upon any trust and the Company shall not be bound by or be compelled in any way to recognize (even when having notice thereof) any equitable, contingent, future or partial interest in any share, or any interest in any fractional part of a share, or (except only as is otherwise provided by these Articles or the Statutes) any other rights in respect of any share except an absolute right to the entirety thereof in the registered holder, provided that, notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall be entitled to recognise any such interests as shall be determined by the Directors..
|
28.
|
The Company shall have a first and paramount lien and charge on all shares (whether fully paid-up or not) registered in the name of a Member (whether solely or jointly with others) for all debts, liabilities or engagements to or with the Company (whether presently payable or not) by such Member or his estate, either alone or jointly with any other person, whether a Member or not, but the Directors may at any time declare any share to be wholly or in part exempt from the provisions of this Article. The registration of a transfer of any such share shall operate as a waiver of the Company’s lien (if any) thereon. The Company’s lien (if any) on a share shall extend to all dividends or other monies payable in respect thereof.
|
29.
|
The Company may sell, in such manner as the Directors think fit, any shares on which the Company has a lien, but no sale shall be made unless some sum in respect of which the lien exists is presently payable nor until the expiration of 14 calendar days after a notice in writing, stating and demanding payment of such part of the amount in respect of which the lien exists as is presently payable, has been given to the registered holder for the time being of the share, or the persons entitled thereto by reason of his death or bankruptcy.
|
30.
|
For giving effect to any such sale the Directors may authorize some person to transfer the shares sold to the purchaser thereof. The purchaser shall be registered as the holder of the shares comprised in any such transfer and he shall not be bound to see to the application of the purchase money, nor shall his title to the shares be affected by any irregularity or invalidity in the proceedings in reference to the sale.
|
31.
|
The proceeds of the sale shall be received by the Company and applied in payment of such part of the amount in respect of which the lien exists as is presently payable, and the residue shall (subject to a like lien for sums not presently payable as existed upon the shares prior to the sale) be paid to the person entitled to the shares at the date of the sale.
|
32.
|
Subject to the terms of allotment, the Directors may from time to time make calls upon the Members in respect of any money unpaid on their shares, and each Member shall (subject to receiving at least 14 calendar days notice specifying the time or times of payment) pay to the Company at the time or times so specified the amount called on his shares. A call shall be deemed to have been made at the time when the resolution of the Directors authorizing such call was passed.
|
33.
|
The joint holders of a share shall be jointly and severally liable to pay calls in respect thereof.
|
34.
|
If a sum called in respect of a share is not paid before or on the day appointed for payment thereof, the person from whom the sum is due shall pay interest upon the sum at the rate of eight percent per annum from the day appointed for the payment thereof to the time of the actual payment, but the Directors shall be at liberty to waive payment of that interest wholly or in part.
|
35.
|
The provisions of these Articles as to the liability of joint holders and as to payment of interest shall apply in the case of non-payment of any sum which, by the terms of issue of a share, becomes payable at a fixed time, whether on account of the amount of the share, or by way of premium, as if the same had become payable by virtue of a call duly made and notified.
|
36.
|
The Directors may make arrangements on the issue of shares for a difference between the Members, or the particular shares, in the amount of calls to be paid and in the times of payment.
|
37.
|
The Directors may, if they think fit, receive from any Member willing to advance the same all or any part of the monies uncalled and unpaid upon any shares held by him, and upon all or any of the monies so advanced may (until the same would, but for such advance, become presently payable) pay interest at such rate (not exceeding without the sanction of an Ordinary Resolution, eight percent per annum) as may be agreed upon between the Member paying the sum in advance and the Directors. No such sum paid in advance of calls shall entitle the Member paying such sum to any portion of a dividend declared in respect of any period prior to the date upon which such sum would, but for such payment, become presently payable.
|
38.
|
If a Member fails to pay any call or installment of a call on the day appointed for payment thereof, the Directors may, at any time thereafter during such time as any part of such call or installment remains unpaid, serve a notice on him requiring payment of such amount of the call or installment as is unpaid, together with any interest which may have accrued.
|
39.
|
The notice shall name a further day (not earlier than the expiration of 14 calendar days from the date of the notice) on or before which the payment required by the notice is to be made, and shall state that in the event of non-payment at or before the time appointed the shares in respect of which the call was made will be liable to be forfeited.
|
40.
|
If the requirements of any such notice as aforesaid are not complied with, any share in respect of which the notice has been given may at any time thereafter, before the payment required by notice has been made, be forfeited by a resolution of the Directors to that effect.
|
41.
|
A forfeited share may be sold or otherwise disposed of on such terms and in such manner as the Directors think fit, and at any time before a sale or disposition the forfeiture may be cancelled on such terms as the Directors think fit.
|
42.
|
A person whose shares have been forfeited shall cease to be a Member in respect of the forfeited shares, but shall, notwithstanding, remain liable to pay to the Company all monies which at the date of forfeiture were payable by him to the Company in respect of the shares, but his liability shall cease if and when the Company receives payment in full of the fully paid up amount of the shares.
|
43.
|
A certificate in writing under the hand of a Director of the Company, which certifies that a share has been forfeited on a date stated in the certificate, shall be conclusive evidence of the facts therein stated as against all persons claiming to be entitled to the share. The Company may receive the consideration, if any, given for the share or any sale or disposition thereof and may execute a transfer of the share in favor of the person to whom the share is sold or disposed of and he shall thereupon be registered as the holder of the share, and shall not be bound to see to the application of the purchase money, if any, nor shall his title to the share be affected by any irregularity or invalidity in the proceedings in reference to the forfeiture, sale or disposal of the share.
|
44.
|
The provisions of these Articles as to forfeiture shall apply in the case of non-payment of any sum which by the terms of issue of a share becomes due and payable, whether on account of the amount of the share, or by way of premium, as if the same had been payable by virtue of a call duly made and notified.
|
45.
|
The Company shall be entitled to charge a fee not exceeding one dollar (US$1.00) on the registration of every probate, letters of administration, certificate of death or marriage, power of attorney, notice in lieu of distringas or other instrument.
|
46.
|
The legal personal representative of a deceased sole holder of a share shall be the only person recognized by the Company as having any title to the share. In the case of a share registered in the name of two or more holders, the survivors or survivor, or the legal personal representatives of the deceased survivor, shall be the only person recognized by the Company as having any title to the share.
|
47.
|
Any person becoming entitled to a share in consequence of the death or bankruptcy of a Member shall upon such evidence being produced as may from time to time be properly required by the Directors, have the right either to be registered as a Member in respect of the share or, instead of being registered himself, to make such transfer of the share as the deceased or bankrupt person could have made. If the person so becoming entitled shall elect to be registered himself as holder he shall deliver or send to the Company a notice in writing signed by him stating that he so elects.
|
48.
|
A person becoming entitled to a share by reason of the death or bankruptcy of the holder shall be entitled to the same dividends and other advantages to which he would be entitled if he were the registered holder of the share, except that he shall not, before being registered as a Member in respect of the share, be entitled in respect of it to exercise any right conferred by membership in relation to meetings of the Company, provided however, that the Directors may at any time give notice requiring any such person to elect either to be registered himself or to transfer the share, and if the notice is not complied with within 90 calendar days, the Directors may thereafter withhold payment of all dividends, bonuses or other monies payable in respect of the share until the requirements of the notice have been complied with.
|
49.
|
The Company may by Ordinary Resolution:
|
|
(a)
|
increase the share capital by such sum, to be divided into shares of such classes and amount, as the resolution shall prescribe;
|
|
(b)
|
consolidate and divide all or any of its share capital into shares of larger amount than its existing shares;
|
|
(c)
|
sub-divide its existing shares or any of them into shares of a smaller amount provided that in the subdivision the proportion between the amount paid and the amount, if any, unpaid on each reduced share shall be the same as it was in case of the share from which the reduced share is derived;
|
|
(d)
|
cancel any shares which, at the date of the passing of the resolution, have not been taken or agreed to be taken by any person and diminish the amount of its share capital by the amount of the shares so cancelled.
|
50.
|
Subject to the provisions of the Statutes and these Articles as regards to the matters to be dealt with by Ordinary Resolution, the Company may by Special Resolution reduce its share capital and any capital redemption reserve in any manner authorized by law.
|
51.
|
All new shares created hereunder shall be subject to the same provisions with reference to the payment of calls, liens, transfer, transmission, forfeiture and otherwise as the shares in the original share capital.
|
52.
|
For the purpose of determining those Members that are entitled to receive notice of, attend or vote at any meeting of Members or any adjournment thereof, or those Members that are entitled to receive payment of any dividend, or in order to make a determination as to who is a Member for any other purpose, the Directors may provide that the Register of Members shall be closed for transfers for a stated period but not to exceed in any case 30 calendar days. If the Register of Members shall be so closed for the purpose of determining those Members that are entitled to receive notice of, attend or vote at a meeting of Members such register shall be so closed for at least 10 calendar days immediately preceding such meeting and the record date for such determination shall be the date of the closure of the Register of Members.
|
53.
|
In lieu of or apart from closing the Register of Members, the Directors may fix in advance a date as the record date for any such determination of those Members that are entitled to receive notice of, attend or vote at a meeting of the Members and for the purpose of determining those Members that are entitled to receive payment of any dividend, the Directors may, at or within 90 calendar days prior to the date of declaration of such dividend fix a subsequent date as the record date of such determination.
|
54.
|
If the Register of Members is not so closed and no record date is fixed for the determination of those Members entitled to receive notice of, attend or vote at a meeting of Members or those Members that are entitled to receive payment of a dividend, the date on which notice of the meeting is posted or the date on which the resolution of the Directors declaring such dividend is adopted, as the case may be, shall be the record date for such determination of Members. When a determination of those Members that are entitled to receive notice of, attend or vote at a meeting of Members has been made as provided in this section, such determination shall apply to any adjournment thereof.
|
55.
|
All general meetings of the Company other than annual general meetings shall be called extraordinary general meetings.
|
56.
|
(a) The Company may hold an annual general meeting and shall specify the meeting as such in the notices calling it. The annual general meeting shall be held at such time and place as the Directors shall determine.
|
|
(b)
|
At these meetings the report of the Directors (if any) shall be presented.
|
57.
|
(a) The Directors may call general meetings, and they shall on a Members requisition forthwith proceed to convene an extraordinary general meeting of the Company.
|
|
(b)
|
A Members requisition is a requisition of Members of the Company holding at the date of deposit of the requisition not less than one-third of the share capital of the Company as at that date carries the right of voting at general meetings of the Company.
|
|
(c)
|
The requisition must state the objects of the meeting and must be signed by the requisitionists and deposited at the principal place of business of the Company (with a copy forwarded to the registered office), and may consist of several documents in like form each signed by one or more requisitionists.
|
|
(d)
|
If the Directors do not within 21 calendar days from the date of the deposit of the requisition duly proceed to convene a general meeting to be held within a further 21 calendar days, the requisitionists, or any of them representing more than one half of the total voting rights of all of them, may themselves convene a general meeting, but any meeting so convened shall not be held after the expiration of three months after the expiration of the second said 21 calendar days.
|
|
(e)
|
A general meeting convened as aforesaid by requisitionists shall be convened in the same manner as nearly as possible as that in which general meetings are to be convened by Directors.
|
58.
|
At least seven calendar days’ notice shall be given for any general meeting. Every notice shall be exclusive of the day on which it is given or deemed to be given and of the day for which it is given and shall specify the place, the day and the hour of the meeting and the general nature of the business and shall be given in the manner hereinafter mentioned or in such other manner if any as may be prescribed by the Company, provided that a general meeting of the Company shall, whether or not the notice specified in this regulation has been given and whether or not the provisions of these Articles regarding general meetings have been complied with, be deemed to have been duly convened if it is so agreed:
|
|
(a)
|
in the case of an annual general meeting by all the Members (or their proxies) entitled to attend and vote thereat; and
|
|
(b)
|
in the case of an extraordinary general meeting by a majority of the Members (or their proxies) having a right to attend and vote at the meeting, being a majority together holding not less than sixty percent in par value of the shares giving that right.
|
59.
|
The accidental omission to give notice of a meeting to or the non-receipt of a notice of a meeting by any Member shall not invalidate the proceedings at any meeting.
|
60.
|
No business shall be transacted at any general meeting unless a quorum of Members is present at the time when the meeting proceeds to business. One or more Members holding not less than an aggregate of one-third of all voting share capital of the Company in issue present in person or by proxy and entitled to vote shall be a quorum for all purposes.
|
61.
|
If provided for by the Company, a person may participate at a general meeting by conference telephone or other communications equipment by means of which all the persons participating in the meeting can communicate with each other. Participation by a person in a general meeting in this manner is treated as presence in person at that meeting.
|
62.
|
If within half an hour from the time appointed for the meeting a quorum is not present, the meeting, if convened upon the requisition of Members, shall be dissolved. In any other case it shall stand adjourned to the same day in the next week, at the same time and place, and if at the adjourned meeting a quorum is not present within half an hour from the time appointed for the meeting, the meeting shall be dissolved.
|
63.
|
The Chairman of the Board of Directors shall preside as chairman at every general meeting of the Company.
|
64.
|
If at any meeting the Chairman of the Board of Directors is not present within fifteen minutes after the time appointed for holding the meeting or is unwilling to act as chairman, the Directors present shall elect one of their members to be chairman of the meeting, or, if no Director is so elected and willing to be chairman of the meeting, the Members present shall choose a chairman of the meeting.
|
65.
|
The chairman may with the consent of any meeting at which a quorum is present (and shall if so directed by the meeting) adjourn a meeting from time to time and from place to place, but no business shall be transacted at any adjourned meeting other than the business left unfinished at the meeting from which the adjournment took place. When a meeting is adjourned for 10 calendar days or more, not less than 7 Business Days’ notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given as in the case of an original meeting. Save as aforesaid it shall not be necessary to give any notice of an adjournment or of the business to be transacted at an adjourned meeting.
|
66.
|
At any general meeting a resolution put to the vote of the meeting shall be decided on a show of hands, unless a poll is (before or on the declaration of the result of the show of hands) demanded by one or more Members present in person or by proxy entitled to vote and who together hold not less than 10 percent of the paid up voting share capital of the Company, and unless a poll is so demanded, a declaration by the chairman that a resolution has, on a show of hands, been carried, or carried unanimously, or by a particular majority, or lost, and an entry to that effect in the book of the proceedings of the Company, shall be conclusive evidence of the fact, without proof of the number or proportion of the votes recorded in favour of, or against, that resolution.
|
67.
|
If a poll is duly demanded it shall be taken in such manner as the chairman directs, and the result of the poll shall be deemed to be the resolution of the meeting at which the poll was demanded. The demand for a poll may be withdrawn.
|
68.
|
In the case of an equality of votes, whether on a show of hands or on a poll, the chairman of the meeting at which the show of hands takes place or at which the poll is demanded, shall be entitled to a second or casting vote.
|
69.
|
A poll demanded on the election of a chairman or on a question of adjournment shall be taken forthwith. A poll demanded on any other question shall be taken at such time as the chairman of the meeting directs.
|
70.
|
Subject to any rights and restrictions for the time being attached to any class or classes of shares, every Member present in person and every person representing a Member by proxy at a general meeting of the Company shall have one vote for each share registered in his name in the Register of Members.
|
71.
|
In the case of joint holders the vote of the senior who tenders a vote whether in person or by proxy shall be accepted to the exclusion of the votes of the joint holders and for this purpose seniority shall be determined by the order in which the names stand in the Register of Members.
|
72.
|
A Member of unsound mind, or in respect of whom an order has been made by any court having jurisdiction in lunacy, may vote, whether on a show of hands or on a poll, by his committee, or other person in the nature of a committee appointed by that court, and any such committee or other person, may on a poll, vote by proxy.
|
73.
|
No Member shall be entitled to vote at any general meeting unless all calls or other sums presently payable by him in respect of shares in the Company have been paid.
|
74.
|
On a poll, votes may be given either personally or by proxy.
|
75.
|
The instrument appointing a proxy shall be in writing under the hand of the appointor or of his attorney duly authorized in writing or, if the appointor is a corporation, either under seal or under the hand of an officer or attorney duly authorized. A proxy need not be a Member of the Company.
|
76.
|
An instrument appointing a proxy may be in any usual or common form or such other form as the Directors may approve. The instrument appointing a proxy shall be deemed to confer authority to demand or join in demanding a poll.
|
77.
|
The instrument appointing a proxy shall be deposited at the registered office or at such other place as is specified for that purpose in the notice convening the meeting, or in any instrument of proxy sent out by the Company:
|
|
(a)
|
not less than 48 hours before the time for holding the meeting or adjourned meeting at which the person named in the instrument proposes to vote; or
|
|
(b)
|
in the case of a poll taken more than 48 hours after it is demanded, be deposited as aforesaid after the poll has been demanded and not less than 24 hours before the time appointed for the taking of the poll; or
|
|
(c)
|
where the poll is not taken forthwith but is taken not more than 48 hours after it was demanded, be delivered at the meeting at which the poll was demanded to the chairman or to the secretary or to any Director; provided that the Directors may in the notice convening the meeting, or in an instrument of proxy sent out by the Company, direct that the instrument appointing a proxy may be deposited (no later than the time for holding the meeting or adjourned meeting) at the registered office or at such other place as is specified for that purpose in the notice convening the meeting, or in any instrument of proxy sent out by the Company. The chairman may in any event at his discretion direct that an instrument of proxy shall be invalid
|
78.
|
Votes given in accordance with the terms of an instrument of proxy shall be valid notwithstanding the previous death or insanity of the principal or revocation of the proxy or of the authority under which the proxy was executed, or the transfer of the share in respect of which the proxy is given unless notice in writing of such death, insanity, revocation or transfer was received by the Company before the commencement of the general meeting, or adjourned meeting at which it is sought to use the proxy.
|
79.
|
Any corporation which is a Member may by resolution of its directors or other governing body authorize such person as it thinks fit to act as its representative at any meeting of the Company or of any class of Members, and the person so authorized shall be entitled to exercise the same powers on behalf of the corporation which he represents as that corporation could exercise if it were an individual Member.
|
80.
|
If a clearing house (or its nominee) is a Member of the Company it may, by resolution of its directors or other governing body or by power of attorney, authorize such person or persons as it thinks fit to act as its representative or representatives at any general meeting of the Company or at any general meeting of any class of Members of the Company provided that, if more than one person is so authorized, the authorization shall specify the number and class of shares in respect of which each such person is so authorized. A person so authorized pursuant to this provision shall be entitled to exercise the same powers on behalf of the clearing house (or its nominee) which he represents as that clearing house (or its nominee) could exercise if it were an individual Member of the Company holding the number and class of shares specified in such authorization.
|
81. (a)
|
Unless otherwise determined by the Company in general meeting, the number of Directors shall not be less than one or more than ten Directors. The Directors shall be elected or appointed in the first place by the subscribers to the Memorandum of Association or by a majority of them and thereafter by the Members at general meeting.
|
|
(b)
|
Each Director shall hold office until the expiration of his term and until his successor shall have been elected and qualified.
|
|
(c)
|
The Board of Directors shall have a Chairman (the “Chairman”) elected and appointed by a majority of the Directors then in office. The Directors may also elect a Co-Chairman or a Vice-Chairman of the Board of Directors (the “Co-Chairman”). The Chairman shall preside as chairman at every meeting of the Board of Directors. To the extent the Chairman is not present at a meeting of the Board of Directors, the Co-Chairman, or in his absence, the attending Directors may choose one Director to be the chairman of the meeting. The Chairman’s voting right as to the matters to be decided by the Board of Directors shall be the same as other Directors.
|
|
(d)
|
The Company may by Ordinary Resolution elect any person to be a Director either to fill a casual vacancy on the Board or as an addition to the existing Board.
|
|
(e)
|
The Directors by the affirmative vote of a simple majority of the remaining Directors present and voting at a Board meeting, or the sole remaining Director, shall have the power from time to time and at any time to appoint any person to serve as a Director to fill a casual vacancy on the Board or as an addition to the existing Board, subject to the Company’s compliance with director nomination procedures required under applicable corporate governance rules of the Designated Stock Exchange, as long as the Company’s securities are traded on the Designated Stock Exchange.
|
82.
|
Subject to Article 81, a Director may be removed from office by Ordinary Resolution at any time before the expiration of his term.
|
83.
|
A vacancy on the Board created by the removal of a Director under the provisions of Article 82 above may be filled by the election or appointment by Ordinary Resolution at the meeting at which such Director is removed or by the affirmative vote of a simple majority of the remaining Directors present and voting at a Board meeting.
|
84.
|
The Board may, from time to time, and except as required by applicable law or the listing rules of the Designated Stock Exchange where the Company’s securities are traded, adopt, institute, amend, modify or revoke the corporate governance policies or initiatives, which shall be intended to set forth the policies of the Company and the Board on various corporate governance related matters as the Board shall determine by resolution from time to time.
|
85.
|
A Director shall not be required to hold any shares in the Company by way of qualification. A Director who is not a Member of the Company shall nevertheless be entitled to receive notice of and to attend and speak at general meetings of the Company and all classes of shares of the Company.
|
86.
|
The Directors may receive such remuneration as the Board may from time to time determine. The Directors may be entitled to be repaid all travelling, hotel and incidental expenses reasonably incurred or expected to be incurred by him in attending meetings of the Board or committees of the Board or general meetings or separate meetings of any class of shares or of debentures of the Company or otherwise in connection with the discharge of his duties as a Director.
|
87.
|
Any Director who, by request, goes or resides abroad for any purpose of the Company or who performs services which in the opinion of the Board go beyond the ordinary duties of a Director may be paid such extra remuneration (whether by way of salary, commission, participation in profits or otherwise) as the Board may determine and such extra remuneration shall be in addition to or in substitution for any ordinary remuneration provided for by or pursuant to any other Article.
|
88.
|
Any Director may in writing appoint another person to be his alternate to act in his place at any meeting of the Directors at which he is unable to be present. Every such alternate shall be entitled to notice of meetings of the Directors and to attend and vote thereat as a Director when the person appointing him is not personally present and, where he is a Director, to have a separate vote on behalf of the Director he is representing in addition to his own vote. A Director may at any time in writing revoke the appointment of an alternate appointed by him. Such alternate shall be deemed for all purposes to be a Director and shall not be deemed to be the agent of the Director appointing him. An alternate Director shall cease to be an alternate Director if his appointor ceases to be a Director.
|
89.
|
Any Director may appoint any person, whether or not a Director, to be the proxy of that Director to attend and vote on his behalf, in accordance with instructions given by that Director, or in the absence of such instructions at the discretion of the proxy, at a meeting or meetings of the Directors which that Director is unable to attend personally. The instrument appointing the proxy shall be in writing under the hand of the appointing Director and shall be in any usual or common form or such other form as the Directors may approve, and must be lodged with the chairman of the meeting at which such proxy is to be used, or first used, prior to the commencement of the meeting.
|
90.
|
Subject to the provisions of the Companies Law, these Articles and to any resolutions made in a general meeting, the business of the Company shall be managed by the Directors, who may pay all expenses incurred in setting up and registering the Company and may exercise all powers of the Company. No resolution made by the Company in a general meeting shall invalidate any prior act of the Directors that would have been valid if that resolution had not been made.
|
91.
|
Subject to these Articles, the Directors may from time to time appoint any person, whether or not a Director of the Company, to hold such office in the Company as the Directors may think necessary for the administration of the Company, including without prejudice to the foregoing generality, the office of the Chief Executive Officer, Chief Operating Officer, Chief Technology Officer, Chief Financial Officer, one or more Vice Presidents, Manager or Controller, and for such term and at such remuneration (whether by way of salary or commission or participation in profits or partly in one way and partly in another), and with such powers and duties as the Directors may think fit. The Directors may also appoint one or more of their body (but not an alternate Director) to the office of Managing Director upon like terms, but any such appointment shall ipso facto determine if any Managing Director ceases from any cause to be a Director, or if the Company by Ordinary Resolution resolves that his tenure of office be terminated.
|
92.
|
The Directors may delegate any of their powers to committees consisting of such member or members of their body as they think fit; any committee so formed shall in the exercise of the powers so delegated conform to any regulations that may be imposed on it by the Directors.
|
93.
|
The Directors may from time to time and at any time by power of attorney appoint any company, firm or person or body of persons, whether nominated directly or indirectly by the Directors, to be the attorney or attorneys of the Company for such purposes and with such powers, authorities and discretion (not exceeding those vested in or exercisable by the Directors under these Articles) and for such period and subject to such conditions as they may think fit, and any such power of attorney may contain such provisions for the protection and convenience of persons dealing with any such attorney as the Directors may think fit, and may also authorize any such attorney to delegate all or any of the powers, authorities and discretion vested in him.
|
94.
|
The Directors may from time to time provide for the management of the affairs of the Company in such manner as they shall think fit and the provisions contained in the following paragraphs shall be without prejudice to the general powers conferred by this paragraph.
|
95.
|
The Directors from time to time and at any time may establish any committees, local boards or agencies for managing any of the affairs of the Company and may appoint any persons to be members of such committees or local boards and may appoint any managers or agents of the Company and may fix the remuneration of any of the aforesaid.
|
96.
|
The Directors from time to time and at any time may delegate to any such committee, local board, manager or agent any of the powers, authorities and discretions for the time being vested in the Directors and may authorize the members for the time being of any such local board, or any of them to fill up any vacancies therein and to act notwithstanding vacancies and any such appointment or delegation may be made on such terms and subject to such conditions as the Directors may think fit and the Directors may at any time remove any person so appointed and may annul or vary any such delegation, but no person dealing in good faith and without notice of any such annulment or variation shall be affected thereby.
|
97.
|
Any such delegates as aforesaid may be authorized by the Directors to sub-delegate all or any of the powers, authorities, and discretions for the time being vested to them.
|
98.
|
The Directors may exercise all the powers of the Company to borrow money and to mortgage or charge its undertaking, property and uncalled capital or any part thereof, to issue debentures, debenture stock and other securities whenever money is borrowed or as security for any debt, liability or obligation of the Company or of any third party.
|
99.
|
Notwithstanding anything in these Articles, the office of Director shall be vacated, if the Director:
|
|
(a)
|
dies, becomes bankrupt or makes any arrangement or composition with his creditors;
|
|
(b)
|
is found to be or becomes of unsound mind;
|
|
(c)
|
resigns his office by notice in writing to the Company; or
|
|
(d)
|
shall be removed from office pursuant to Articles 81 or 82 or the Statutes.
|
100.
|
The Directors may meet together (whether within or outside the Cayman Islands) for the dispatch of business, adjourn and otherwise regulate their meetings and proceedings as they think fit.
|
101.
|
A Board meeting may be called by a Director by giving notice in writing to the Board specifying a date, time and agenda for such meeting. The Board shall upon receipt of such notice give a copy of such notice of such meeting to all Directors and their respective alternates (if any).
|
102.
|
(a) At least one (1) Business Day notice shall be given to all Directors and their respective alternates (if any) for a Board meeting, provided that such notice period may be reduced or waived with the consent of all the Directors or their respective alternates (if any).
|
|
(b)
|
An agenda identifying in reasonable detail the issues to be considered by the Directors at any such meeting and copies (in printed or electronic form) of any relevant papers to be discussed at the meeting together with all relevant information shall be provided to and received by all Directors and their alternates (if any) at least one (1) Business Day prior to the date for such meeting. The agenda for each meeting shall include any matter submitted to the Company by any Director at least one (1) Business Day prior to the date for such meeting.
|
|
(c)
|
Unless approved by all Directors (whether or not present or represented at such meeting), matters not set out in the agenda need not be considered at a Board meeting.
|
103.
|
A Director or Directors may participate in any meeting of the Board of Directors, or of any committee appointed by the Board of Directors of which such Director or Directors are members, by means of conference telephone, video conference or similar communication equipment by way of which all persons participating in such meeting can hear each other and such participation shall be deemed to constitute presence in person at the meeting.
|
104.
|
The quorum necessary for the transaction of the business of the Directors may be fixed by the Directors and unless so fixed shall be a majority of the Directors then in office, provided that a Director and his appointed alternate Director shall be considered only one person for this purpose
.
|
105.
|
If a quorum is not present at a Board meeting within thirty (30) minutes following the time appointed for such Board meeting, the relevant meeting shall be adjourned for a period of at least three (3) Business Days and the presence of any three (3) Directors shall constitute a quorum at such adjourned meeting. A meeting of the Directors at which a quorum is present when the meeting proceeds to business shall be competent to exercise all powers and discretions for the time being exercisable by the Directors.
|
106.
|
Questions arising at any meeting of the Directors shall be decided by a majority of votes and each Director shall be entitled to one (1) vote in deciding matters deliberated at any meeting of the Directors.
|
107.
|
A Director who is in any way, whether directly or indirectly, interested in a contract or proposed contract with the Company shall declare the nature of his interest at a meeting of the Directors. A general notice given to the Directors by any Director to the effect that he is a member of any specified company or firm and is to be regarded as interested in any contract which may thereafter be made with that company or firm shall be deemed a sufficient declaration of interest in regard to any contract so made. A Director may vote in respect of any contract or proposed contract or arrangement notwithstanding that he may be interested therein and if he does so his vote shall be counted and he may be counted in the quorum at any meeting of the Directors at which any such contract or proposed contract or arrangement shall come before the meeting for consideration.
|
108.
|
A Director may hold any other office or place of profit under the Company (other than the office of auditor) in conjunction with his office of Director for such period and on such terms (as to remuneration and otherwise) as the Directors may determine and no Director or intending Director shall be disqualified by his office from contracting with the Company either with regard to his tenure of any such other office or place of profit or as vendor, purchaser or otherwise, nor shall any such contract or arrangement entered into by or on behalf of the Company in which any Director is in any way interested, be liable to be avoided, nor shall any Director so contracting or being so interested be liable to account to the Company for any profit realized by any such contract or arrangement by reason of such Director holding that office or of the fiduciary relation thereby established. A Director, notwithstanding his interest, may be counted in the quorum present at any meeting whereat he or any other Director is appointed to hold any such office or place of profit under the Company or whereat the terms of any such appointment are arranged and he may vote on any such appointment or arrangement.
|
109.
|
Any Director may act by himself or his firm in a professional capacity for the Company, and he or his firm shall be entitled to remuneration for professional services as if he were not a Director; provided that nothing herein contained shall authorize a Director or his firm to act as auditor to the Company.
|
110.
|
The Directors shall cause minutes to be made in books or loose-leaf folders provided for the purpose of recording:
|
|
(a)
|
all appointments of officers made by the Directors;
|
|
(b)
|
the names of the Directors present at each meeting of the Directors and of any committee of the Directors; and
|
|
(c)
|
all resolutions and proceedings at all meetings of the Company, and of the Directors and of committees of Directors.
|
111.
|
When the chairman of a meeting of the Directors signs the minutes of such meeting, the same shall be deemed to have been duly held notwithstanding that all the Directors have not actually come together or that there may have been a technical defect in the proceedings.
|
112.
|
A resolution signed by a majority of the Directors shall be as valid and effectual as if it had been passed at a meeting of the Directors duly called and constituted and when signed, a resolution may consist of several documents each signed by one or more of the Directors.
|
113.
|
The continuing Directors may act, notwithstanding any vacancy in their body, but if their number is reduced below the number fixed pursuant to these Articles as the necessary quorum of Directors, then the continuing Directors may act only to increase the number or to summon a general meeting of the Company, but for no other purpose.
|
114.
|
A committee appointed by the Directors may elect a chairman of its meetings. If no such chairman is elected, or if at any meeting the chairman is not present within five minutes after the time appointed for holding the same, the members present may choose one of their number to be chairman of the meeting.
|
115.
|
A committee appointed by the Directors may meet and adjourn as it thinks proper. Questions arising at any meeting shall be determined by a majority of votes of the committee members present and in case of an equality of votes the chairman shall have a second or casting vote.
|
116.
|
All acts done by any meeting of the Directors or of a committee of Directors, or by any person acting as a Director, shall notwithstanding that it be afterwards discovered that there was some defect in the appointment of any such Director or person acting as aforesaid, or that they or any of them were disqualified, be as valid as if every such person had been duly appointed and was qualified to be a Director.
|
117.
|
A Director who is present at a meeting of the Board of Directors at which action on any Company matter is taken shall be presumed to have assented to the action taken unless his dissent shall be entered in the minutes of the meeting or unless he shall file his written dissent from such action with the person acting as the chairman or secretary of the meeting before the adjournment thereof or shall forward such dissent by registered post to such person immediately after the adjournment of the meeting. Such right to dissent shall not apply to a Director who voted in favour of such action.
|
118.
|
Subject to any rights and restrictions for the time being attached to any class or classes of shares and these Articles, the Directors may from time to time declare dividends (including interim dividends) and other distributions on shares in issue and authorize payment of the same out of the funds of the Company lawfully available therefor.
|
119.
|
Subject to any rights and restrictions for the time being attached to any class or classes of shares and these Articles, the Company by Ordinary Resolution may declare dividends, but no dividend shall exceed the amount recommended by the Directors.
|
120.
|
The Directors may, before recommending or declaring any dividend, set aside out of the funds legally available for distribution such sums as they think proper as a reserve or reserves which shall, at the discretion of the Directors, be applicable for meeting contingencies, or for equalizing dividends or for any other purpose to which those funds may be properly applied and pending such application may, at the like discretion, either be employed in the business of the Company or be invested in such investments (other than shares of the Company) as the Directors may from time to time think fit.
|
121.
|
Any dividend may be paid by check or wire transfer to the registered address of the Member or person entitled thereto, or in the case of joint holders, to any one of such joint holders at his registered address or to such person and such address as the Member or person entitled, or such joint holders as the case may be, may direct. Every such check shall be made payable to the order of the person to whom it is sent or to the order of such other person as the Member or person entitled, or such joint holders as the case may be, may direct.
|
122.
|
The Directors when paying dividends to the Members in accordance with the foregoing provisions may make such payment either in cash or in specie.
|
123.
|
No dividend shall be paid otherwise than out of profits or, subject to the restrictions of the Companies Law, the share premium account.
|
124.
|
Subject to the rights of persons, if any, entitled to shares with special rights as to dividends, all dividends shall be declared and paid according to the amounts paid or credited as fully paid on the shares, but if and so long as nothing is paid up on any of the shares in the Company dividends may be declared and paid according to the amounts of the shares. No amount paid on a share in advance of calls shall, while carrying interest, be treated for the purposes of this Article as paid on the share.
|
125.
|
If several persons are registered as joint holders of any share, any of them may give effectual receipts for any dividend or other monies payable on or in respect of the share.
|
126.
|
Any dividend unclaimed after a period of six years from the date of declaration of such dividend may be forfeited by the Board of Directors and, if so forfeited, shall revert to the Company.
|
127.
|
No dividend shall bear interest against the Company.
|
128.
|
The books of account relating to the Company’s affairs shall be kept in such manner as may be determined from time to time by the Directors.
|
129.
|
The books of account shall be kept at such place or places as the Directors think fit, and shall always be open to the inspection of the Directors.
|
130.
|
The Directors shall from time to time determine whether and to what extent and at what times and places and under what conditions or regulations the accounts and books of the Company or any of them shall be open to the inspection of Members not being Directors, and no Member (not being a Director) shall have any right of inspecting any account or book or document of the Company except as conferred by law or authorized by the Directors or by the Company by Ordinary Resolution.
|
131.
|
Subject to the requirements of applicable law and the listing rules of the Designated Stock Exchange, the accounts relating to the Company’s affairs shall be audited in such manner and with such financial year end as may be determined from time to time by the Company by Ordinary Resolution or failing any such determination by the Directors or failing any determination as aforesaid shall not be audited.
|
132.
|
The Board shall make the requisite annual returns and any other requisite filings in accordance with the Companies Law.
|
133.
|
The Directors may appoint an Auditor of the Company who shall hold office until removed from office by a resolution of the Directors and may fix his or their remuneration.
|
134.
|
Every Auditor of the Company shall have a right of access at all times to the books and accounts and vouchers of the Company and shall be entitled to require from the Directors and officers of the Company such information and explanation as may be necessary for the performance of the duties of the auditors.
|
135.
|
Auditors shall, if so required by the Directors, make a report on the accounts of the Company during their tenure of office at the next annual general meeting following their appointment in the case of a company which is registered with the Registrar of Companies as an ordinary company, and at the next special meeting following their appointment in the case of a company which is registered with the Registrar of Companies as an exempted company, and at any time during their term of office, upon request of the Directors at any general meeting of the Members.
|
136.
|
The Seal of the Company shall not be affixed to any instrument except by the authority of a resolution of the Board of Directors provided always that such authority may be given prior to or after the affixing of the Seal and if given after may be in general form confirming a number of affixings of the Seal. The Seal shall be affixed in the presence of any one or more persons as the Directors may appoint for the purpose and every person as aforesaid shall sign every instrument to which the Seal of the Company is so affixed in their presence.
|
137.
|
The Company may maintain a facsimile of its Seal in such countries or places as the Directors may appoint and such facsimile Seal shall not be affixed to any instrument except by the authority of a resolution of the Board of Directors provided always that such authority may be given prior to or after the affixing of such facsimile Seal and if given after may be in general form confirming a number of affixings of such facsimile Seal. The facsimile Seal shall be affixed in the presence of such person or persons as the Directors shall for this purpose appoint, and such person or persons as aforesaid shall sign every instrument to which the facsimile Seal of the Company is so affixed in their presence.
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138.
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Notwithstanding the foregoing, a Director shall have the authority to affix the Seal, or the facsimile Seal, to any instrument for the purposes of attesting authenticity of the matter contained therein but which does not create any obligation binding on the Company.
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139.
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Subject to Article 91, the Company may have Chief Executive Officer, Chief Operating Officer, Chief Technology Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Company Secretary, one or more Vice Presidents, Manager or Controller, appointed by the Directors. The Directors may also from time to time appoint such other officers as they consider necessary, all for such terms, at such remuneration and to perform such duties, and subject to such provisions as to disqualification and removal as the Directors from time to time subscribe.
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140.
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Subject to the Statutes and these Articles, the Board may, with the authority of an Ordinary Resolution:
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(a)
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resolve to capitalize an amount standing to the credit of reserves (including a share premium account, capital redemption reserve and profit and loss account), whether or not available for distribution;
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(b)
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appropriate the sum resolved to be capitalized to the Members in proportion to the nominal amount of shares (whether or not fully paid) held by them respectively and apply that sum on their behalf in or towards:
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(i)
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paying up the amounts (if any) for the time being unpaid on shares held by them respectively; or
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(ii)
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paying up in full unissued shares or debentures of a nominal amount equal to that sum, and allot the shares or debentures, credited as fully paid, to the Members (or as they may direct) in those proportions, or partly in one way and partly in the other, but the share premium account, the capital redemption reserve and profits which are not available for distribution may, for the purposes of this Article, only be applied in paying up unissued shares to be allotted to Members credited as fully paid;
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(c)
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make any arrangements it thinks fit to resolve a difficulty arising in the distribution of a capitalized reserve and in particular, without limitation, where shares or debentures become distributable in fractions the Board may deal with the fractions as it thinks fit;
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(d)
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authorize a person to enter (on behalf of all the Members concerned) an agreement with the Company providing for either:
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(i)
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the allotment to the Members respectively, credited as fully paid, of shares or debentures to which they may be entitled on the capitalization, or
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(ii)
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the payment by the Company on behalf of the Members (by the application of their respective operations of the reserves resolved to be capitalized) of the amounts or part of the amounts remaining unpaid on their existing shares, an agreement made under the authority being effective and binding on all those Members; and
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(e)
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generally do all acts and things required to give effect to the resolution.
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141.
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Except as otherwise provided in these Articles, any notice or document may be served by the Company or by the person entitled to give notice to any Member either personally, by facsimile or by sending it through the post in a prepaid letter or via a recognized courier service, fees prepaid, addressed to the Member at his address as appearing in the Register of Members or, to the extent permitted by all applicable laws and regulations, by electronic means by transmitting it to any electronic number or address or website supplied by the Member to the Company or by placing it on the Company’s Website. In the case of joint holders of a share, all notices shall be given to that one of the joint holders whose name stands first in the Register of Members in respect of the joint holding, and notice so given shall be sufficient notice to all the joint holders.
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142.
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Notices posted to addresses outside the Cayman Islands shall be forwarded by prepaid airmail.
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143.
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Any Member present, either personally or by proxy, at any meeting of the Company shall for all purposes be deemed to have received due notice of such meeting and, where requisite, of the purposes for which such meeting was convened.
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144.
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Any notice or other document, if served by:
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(a)
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post, shall be deemed to have been served five calendar days after the time when the letter containing the same is posted (in proving such service it shall be sufficient to prove that the letter containing the notice or document was properly addressed and duly posted);
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(b)
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facsimile, shall be deemed to have been served upon confirmation of receipt;
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(c)
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recognized courier service, shall be deemed to have been served 48 hours after the time when the letter containing the same is delivered to the courier service and in proving such service it shall be sufficient to prove that the letter containing the notice or documents was properly addressed and duly delivered to the courier; or
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(d)
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electronic means as provided herein shall be deemed to have been served and delivered on the day following that on which it is successfully transmitted or at such later time as may be prescribed by any applicable laws or regulations.
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145.
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Any notice or document delivered or sent to any Member in accordance with the terms of these Articles shall notwithstanding that such Member be then dead or bankrupt, and whether or not the Company has notice of his death or bankruptcy, be deemed to have been duly served in respect of any share registered in the name of such Member as sole or joint holder, unless his name shall at the time of the service of the notice or document, have been removed from the Register of Members as the holder of the share, and such service shall for all purposes be deemed a sufficient service of such notice or document on all persons interested (whether jointly with or as claiming through or under him) in the share.
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146.
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Notice of every general meeting shall be given to:
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(a)
|
all Members who have supplied to the Company an address for the giving of notices to them;
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(b)
|
every person entitled to a share in consequence of the death or bankruptcy of a Member, who but for his death or bankruptcy would be entitled to receive notice of the meeting; and
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(c)
|
each Director and Alternate Director.
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147.
|
No Member shall be entitled to require discovery of any information in respect of any detail of the Company’s trading or any information which is or may be in the nature of a trade secret or secret process which may relate to the conduct of the business of the Company and which in the opinion of the Board would not be in the interests of the Members of the Company to communicate to the public.
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148.
|
The Board shall be entitled to release or disclose any information in its possession, custody or control regarding the Company or its affairs to any of its members including, without limitation, information contained in the Register of Members and transfer books of the Company.
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149.
|
Every Director (including for the purposes of this Article any Alternate Director appointed pursuant to the provisions of these Articles) and officer of the Company for the time being and from time to time shall be indemnified and secured harmless out of the assets and funds of the Company against all actions, proceedings, costs, charges, expenses, losses, damages or liabilities incurred or sustained by him in connection with the execution or discharge of his duties, powers, authorities or discretions as a Director or officer of the Company, including without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing, any costs, expenses, losses or liabilities incurred by him in defending (whether successfully or otherwise) any civil proceedings concerning the Company or its affairs in any court whether in the Cayman Islands or elsewhere.
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150.
|
No such Director or officer of the Company shall be liable to the Company for any loss or damage unless such liability arises through the willful neglect or default of such Director or officer.
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151.
|
Unless the Directors otherwise prescribe, the financial year of the Company shall end on December 31st in each year and shall begin on January 1st in each year.
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152.
|
Subject to these Articles, if the Company shall be wound up the liquidator may, with the sanction of an Ordinary Resolution of the Company, divide amongst the Members in specie or kind the whole or any part of the assets of the Company (whether they shall consist of property of the same kind or not) and may for such purpose set such value as he deems fair upon any property to be divided as aforesaid and may determine how such division shall be carried out as between the Members or different classes of Members. The liquidator may, with the like sanction, vest the whole or any part of such assets in trustees upon such trusts for the benefit of the contributories as the liquidator, with the like sanction shall think fit, but so that no Member shall be compelled to accept any shares or other securities whereon there is any liability.
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153.
|
The Company may at any time and from time to time by Special Resolution alter or amend these Articles or the Memorandum of Association of the Company, in whole or in part, or change the name of the Company.
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154.
|
The Company may by Special Resolution resolve to be registered by way of continuation in a jurisdiction outside the Cayman Islands or such other jurisdiction in which it is for the time being incorporated, registered or existing. In furtherance of a resolution adopted pursuant to this Article, the Directors may cause an application to be made to the Registrar of Companies to deregister the Company in the Cayman Islands or such other jurisdiction in which it is for the time being incorporated, registered or existing and may cause all such further steps as they consider appropriate to be taken to effect the transfer by way of continuation of the Company.
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155.
|
The Company may merge or consolidate in accordance with the Companies Law.
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156.
|
To the extent required by the Companies Law, the Company may by Special Resolution resolve to merger or consolidate the Company.
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Duly authorized for and on behalf of
China Biotech Holdings Limited
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Duly authorized for and on behalf of
Zhong Yuan Bio-Technology Holdings Limited
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CHANG Ting Ting, Director
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TANG Yau Sing, Director
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