UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549


FORM 10-Q


 

(Mark One)

 

 

 

x

 

QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

 

 

 

 

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2007.

 

 

 

o

 

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

 

 

 

 

For the transition  period from           to          

 

Commission File Number: 001-33440

INTERACTIVE BROKERS GROUP, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware

 

30-0390693

(State or other jurisdiction

 

(I.R.S. Employer

of incorporation or organization)

 

Identification No.)

 

One Pickwick Plaza

Greenwich, Connecticut 06830

(Address of principal executive office)

(203) 618-5800

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes   o  No   x .

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer” and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer  o

 

Accelerated filer o

 

Non-accelerated filer x

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).   Yes   o     No   x .

As of June 15, 2007, there were 40,187,258 shares of the issuer’s Class A common stock, par value $0.01 per share, outstanding and 100 shares of the issuer’s Class B common stock, par value $0.01 per share, outstanding.

 




 

INTERACTIVE BROKERS GROUP, INC.

QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q FOR THE QUARTER ENDED MARCH 31, 2007

Table of Contents

 

 

 

Page

 

 

 

 

No.

Part I:

 

FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

3

 

 

 

 

 

Item 1:

 

Financial Statements (Unaudited)

 

 

 

 

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition

 

4

 

 

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income

 

5

 

 

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

 

6

 

 

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Redeemable Members’ Interests

 

7

 

 

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

 

8

 

 

 

 

 

Item 1A:

 

Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Information

 

24

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Consolidated Pro Forma Statements of Income for the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2006

 

25

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Consolidated Pro Forma Statement of Financial Condition as of March 31, 2007

 

28

 

 

 

 

 

Item 2:

 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 

31

 

 

 

 

 

Item 3:

 

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

 

48

 

 

 

 

 

Item 4:

 

Controls and Procedures

 

50

 

 

 

 

 

PART II

 

OTHER INFORMATION

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Item 1:

 

Legal Proceedings

 

51

 

 

 

 

 

Item 1A:

 

Risk Factors

 

51

 

 

 

 

 

Item 2:

 

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

 

51

 

 

 

 

 

Item 3:

 

Defaults upon Senior Securities

 

51

 

 

 

 

 

Item 4:

 

Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

 

51

 

 

 

 

 

Item 5:

 

Other Information

 

52

 

 

 

 

 

Item 6:

 

Exhibits

 

54

 

 

 

 

 

SIGNATURES

 

 

 

55

 

2




 

PART I:  FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

Introductory Note

On May 3, 2007, Interactive Brokers Group, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“IBG, Inc.”), priced an initial public offering (the “IPO”) of shares of its Class A common stock, par value $0.01 per share (the “Common Stock”).  In connection with the IPO, IBG, Inc. purchased 10% of the membership interests in IBG LLC, a Connecticut limited liability company, from IBG Holdings LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, became the sole managing member of IBG LLC and began to consolidate IBG LLC’s financial results into its financial statements.  Such transactions are collectively referred to herein as the “Recapitalization” are described in greater detail in Note 12 to the condensed consolidated financial statements.  Because the Recapitalization occurred subsequent to the end of the period covered by this report, the historical condensed consolidated financial statements reflect the historical financial position, results of operations and cash flows of IBG LLC and subsidiaries (the “Group”) for all periods presented.  Accordingly, the historical condensed consolidated financial statements do not reflect what the financial position, results of operations or cash flows of IBG, Inc. or the Group would have been had these companies been stand-alone public companies for the periods presented.  Specifically, the historical financial statements of the Group do not give effect to the following matters:

·                                           The Recapitalization.

·                                           U.S. corporate federal income taxes, since the Group operates in the U.S. as a limited liability company that is treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes.  Historically, the Group’s income was not subject to U.S. federal income taxes.  Taxes related to income earned by partnerships represent obligations of the individual partners.  Income taxes shown on the Group’s condensed consolidated statements of income are primarily attributable to taxes incurred by non-U.S. entities.  Outside the United States, the Group principally operates through subsidiary corporations and is subject to local income taxes.  Foreign income taxes paid on dividends received are also reported as income taxes.  State and local income taxes reported in the condensed consolidated statements of income represent taxes assessed by jurisdictions that do not recognize the Group’s limited liability company status.  Subsequent to the consummation of the IPO, the consolidated financial statements of IBG, Inc. will include U.S. federal income taxes on its allocable share of the results of operations of the Group, giving effect to the post-IPO structure.

·                                           Minority interest reflecting IBG Holdings LLC’s ownership of approximately 90% of the IBG LLC membership interests outstanding immediately after the IPO.

3




 

IBG LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION

(Unaudited)

 

 

 

March 31

 

December 31,

 

(dollars in thousands)

 

2007

 

2006

 

Assets

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

$

607,776

 

$

669,271

 

Cash and securities — segregated for regulatory purposes

 

3,427,864

 

3,111,795

 

Securities borrowed

 

10,533,021

 

10,479,231

 

Securities purchased under agreements to resell

 

 

97,740

 

Trading assets, at fair value:

 

 

 

 

 

Financial instruments owned

 

7,261,800

 

7,485,879

 

Financial instruments owned and pledged as collateral

 

7,438,086

 

8,331,923

 

 

 

14,699,886

 

15,817,802

 

Other receivables:

 

 

 

 

 

Customers (net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $1,043 at March 31, 2007 and $1,031 at December 31, 2006)

 

1,081,663

 

848,448

 

Brokers, dealers and clearing organizations

 

1,682,564

 

856,957

 

Interest

 

63,657

 

62,772

 

 

 

2,827,884

 

1,768,177

 

Other assets

 

152,257

 

136,502

 

Total assets

 

$

32,248,688

 

$

32,080,518

 

Liabilities and redeemable members’ interest

 

 

 

 

 

Liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

Trading liabilities — financial instruments sold but not yet purchased, at fair value

 

$

14,719,628

 

$

14,785,617

 

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase

 

17,286

 

 

Securities loaned

 

7,003,580

 

8,026,468

 

Short-term borrowings

 

1,051,486

 

1,296,909

 

Other payables:

 

 

 

 

 

Customers

 

4,591,418

 

3,914,037

 

Brokers, dealers and clearing organizations

 

1,381,951

 

743,339

 

Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities

 

163,202

 

161,812

 

Interest

 

49,180

 

49,821

 

 

 

6,185,751

 

4,869,009

 

Senior notes payable

 

154,604

 

150,598

 

Senior secured credit facility

 

150,000

 

150,000

 

Commitments, contingencies and guarantees

 

 

 

 

 

Redeemable members’ interests

 

 

 

 

 

(including accumulated other comprehensive income of $103,308 at March 31, 2007 and $98,568 at December 31, 2006)

 

2,966,353

 

2,801,917

 

Total liabilities and redeemable members’ interest

 

$

32,248,688

 

$

32,080,518

 

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

4




 

IBG LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(Unaudited)

 

 

Three months ended March 31,

 

(dollars in thousands)

 

2007

 

2006

 

Revenues:

 

 

 

 

 

Trading gains

 

$

198,802

 

$

225,369

 

Commissions and execution fees

 

56,335

 

39,364

 

Interest income

 

184,519

 

132,075

 

Other income

 

24,689

 

25,564

 

Total revenues

 

464,345

 

422,372

 

Interest expense

 

133,537

 

93,803

 

Total net revenues

 

330,808

 

328,569

 

Non-interest expenses:

 

 

 

 

 

Execution and clearing

 

90,120

 

71,308

 

Employee compensation and benefits

 

32,793

 

28,687

 

Occupancy, depreciation and amortization

 

5,957

 

5,580

 

Communications

 

3,463

 

2,691

 

General and administrative

 

8,136

 

4,944

 

Total non-interest expenses

 

140,469

 

113,210

 

Income before income taxes

 

190,339

 

215,359

 

Income tax expense

 

6,143

 

9,184

 

Net income

 

$

184,196

 

$

206,175

 

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

5




 

IBG LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)

 

 

 

Three months ended March 31,

 

(dollars in thousands)

 

2007

 

2006

 

Cash flows from operating activities:

 

 

 

 

 

Net income

 

$

184,196

 

$

206,175

 

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

 

 

 

 

 

Translation (gains) losses

 

(7,677

)

890

 

Deferred income taxes

 

(2,714

)

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

2,953

 

3,244

 

Loss (income) from equity investments in exchanges

 

591

 

(237

)

Other

 

29

 

21

 

Change in operating assets and liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

Increase in cash and securities — segregated for regulatory

 

(316,041

)

(141,569

)

Increase in securities borrowed

 

(38,693

)

(1,256,581

)

Decrease in securities purchased under agreements to resell

 

97,740

 

1,700

 

Decrease (increase) in trading assets

 

1,162,118

 

(1,464,304

)

Increase in receivables from customers

 

(233,129

)

(196,250

)

(Increase) decrease in other receivables

 

(820,811

)

79,827

 

Increase in other assets

 

(7,163

)

(6,712

)

(Decrease) increase in trading liabilities

 

(108,113

)

1,268,701

 

Increase in securities sold under agreements to repurchase

 

17,093

 

45,180

 

(Decrease) increase in securities loaned

 

(1,030,296

)

1,235,965

 

Increase in payable to customers

 

677,017

 

330,890

 

Increase in other payables

 

639,544

 

104,905

 

Net cash provided by operating activities

 

216,644

 

211,845

 

Cash flows from investing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

Purchase of investments

 

(9,419

)

(24,250

)

Purchase of property and equipment

 

(4,048

)

(2,425

)

Net cash used in investing activities

 

(13,467

)

(26,675

)

Cash flows from financing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

Issuance of senior notes

 

112,816

 

156,637

 

Redemptions from senior notes

 

(108,810

)

(125,338

)

Decrease in short-term borrowings, net

 

(243,224

)

(118,093

)

Members’ contributions

 

 

201

 

Members’ interests redeeemed

 

 

(1,504

)

Dividends paid

 

(24,500

)

(86,000

)

Net cash used in financing activities

 

(263,718

)

(174,097

)

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents

 

(954

)

(329

)

Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents

 

(61,495

)

10,744

 

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

 

669,271

 

408,232

 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

 

$

607,776

 

$

418,976

 

Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:

 

 

 

 

 

Refinancing of bridge loan receivable

 

$

10,018

 

$

 

Interest paid

 

$

134,178

 

$

82,889

 

Taxes paid

 

$

5,279

 

$

6,563

 

 

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

6




 

IBG LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES

IN REDEEMABLE MEMBERS’ INTERESTS

Three months ended March 31, 2007

(Unaudited)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total Redeemable

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Members’ Interests

 

 

 

Redeemable

 

 

 

and Accumulated

 

 

 

Members’ Interests

 

Accumulated Other

 

Other

 

 

 

and Accumulated

 

Comprehensive

 

Comprehensive

 

(dollars in thousands)

 

Earnings

 

Income

 

Income

 

Balance, January 1, 2007

 

$

2,703,349

 

$

98,568

 

$

2,801,917

 

Dividends

 

(24,500

)

 

 

(24,500

)

Members’ interests redeemed

 

 

 

 

 

Members’ contributions

 

 

 

 

 

Comprehensive income:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income

 

184,196

 

 

 

184,196

 

Cumulative translation adjustment

 

 

4,740

 

4,740

 

Total comprehensive income

 

184,196

 

4,740

 

188,936

 

Balance, March 31, 2007

 

$

2,863,045

 

$

103,308

 

$

2,966,353

 

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

7




IBG LLC and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts or unless otherwise noted)

1.                       Organization and Nature of Business

IBG LLC, formerly known as Interactive Brokers Group LLC, and subsidiaries (the “Group”) is an automated global market maker and electronic broker specializing in routing orders and processing trades in securities, futures and foreign exchange instruments.

IBG LLC is a Connecticut limited liability company that conducts its business through its operating subsidiaries (collectively called the “Operating Companies”): Timber Hill LLC (“TH LLC”), Timber Hill Europe AG (“THE”), Timber Hill Securities Hong Kong Limited (“THSHK”), Timber Hill Australia Pty Limited (“THA”), Timber Hill Canada Company (“THC”), Interactive Brokers Hungary KFT (“IBH”), IB Exchange Corp. (“IBEC”), Interactive Brokers LLC (“IB LLC”), Interactive Brokers Canada Inc. (“IBC”) and Interactive Brokers (U.K.) Limited (“IBUK”).  The operations of Timber Hill Hong Kong Limited (“THHK”) were assumed by THSHK and THHK ceased operating in February 2004 and was liquidated in October 2005. Timber Hill (U.K.) Limited (“THUK”), a subsidiary of THE, transferred its operations to THE and THUK ceased operating on November 16, 2004.

The Operating Companies are members of various securities and commodities exchanges in the United States, Europe and the Asia/Pacific region. Other than IB LLC, IBUK and IBC, the Operating Companies do not carry securities accounts for customers or perform custodial functions relating to customer securities.

IB LLC, a U.S. broker-dealer and futures commission merchant, conducts electronic brokerage services for customers.  IB LLC carries customer securities and commodity accounts and is subject to the regulatory requirements of the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and the U.S. Commodities Exchange Act.

2.                       Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of IBG LLC are presented in U.S. dollars and have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) regarding interim financial reporting with respect to Form 10-Q.  Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) for complete financial statements and should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in IBG, Inc.’s final prospectus filed with the SEC on May 4, 2007 (the “Prospectus”) for the offering of Class A common stock, par value $0.01 per share (the “Common Stock”).  See Note 12 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for information regarding the Recapitalization (as defined in Note 12) and the IPO.

In management’s opinion, the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all normal, recurring adjustments to present fairly the Group’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods presented.  The consolidated results of operations and cash flows for the three month period ended March 31, 2007 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for any future period or for the full year.  Gains and losses from foreign currency transactions are included in trading gains and losses where related to market making activities or in other income where related to electronic brokerage activities in the condensed consolidated statements of income.  Non-U.S. subsidiaries have a functional currency (i.e., the currency in which activities are primarily conducted) that is other than the U.S. dollar.  Such subsidiaries’ assets and liabilities are translated to U.S. dollars at period-end exchange rates, while revenues and expenses are translated at average exchange rates during the year. Adjustments that result from translating amounts from a subsidiary’s functional currency to the U.S. dollar are reported in redeemable members’ interests as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts and disclosures in the condensed consolidated financial

8




IBG LLC and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts or unless otherwise noted)

statements and accompanying notes.  Estimates, by their nature, are based on judgment and available information.  Therefore, actual results could differ materially from those estimates.  Such estimates include the estimated fair value of financial instruments, the estimated useful lives of property and equipment, including capitalized internally developed software, compensation accruals, tax liabilities and estimated contingency reserves.

Fair Value

At March 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006, substantially all of the Group’s assets and liabilities were carried at fair value or at amounts that approximate fair value.  The fair value amounts for financial instruments are disclosed in each respective note to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Principles of Consolidation

The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Group and its majority and wholly owned subsidiaries.  The Group’s policy is to consolidate all entities of which it owns more than 50% unless it does not have control.  All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. At March 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006, there was a minority interest of $550 and $506, respectively, which was included in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.  Pursuant to the revised Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Interpretation (“FIN”) No. 46, “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities,” the Group would also consolidate any Variable Interest Entities (“VIEs”) of which it is the primary beneficiary.  The Group currently is not the primary beneficiary of any such entities and therefore no VIEs are included in the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Redeemable Members’ Interests

Redeemable members’ interests represent member interests in IBG LLC that are entitled to share in the condensed consolidated profits and losses of the Group.  IBG LLC is a private entity owned by the members holding such member interests.

IBG LLC has applied guidance within Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) Topic D-98 “Classification and Measurement of Redeemable Securities,” which requires securities or equity interests of a company whose redemption is outside the control of the company to be classified outside of permanent capital in the statement of financial condition.  Historically, the member interests in IBG LLC could be redeemed by the members at book value at their option.  Because this redemption right is deemed to be outside of its control, IBG LLC has classified all members’ capital outside of permanent capital as redeemable members’ interests in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.

Prior to January 2, 2006, selected employees had been granted non-transferable fully vested member interests in IBG LLC.   Grants issued before January 1, 2006 were accounted for pursuant to Accounting Principles Board (“APB”) Opinion  No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees” and EITF Issue No. 00-23, “Issues Related to the Accounting for Stock Compensation under APB Opinion No. 25 and FIN No. 44.”  IBG LLC recorded a fixed dollar amount of expense for member interest grants at the date of grant based on management’s estimate of fair value, which is book value (as defined in IBG LLC’s “Agreement as to Member Interest Purchase Rights”).  Member interests confer ownership rights in IBG LLC and entitle the holder to proportionate rights to future allocable profits and losses of IBG LLC.  Under the terms of the agreement, member-employees could only sell their interests back to IBG LLC at any time at book value.  Member interest grants were initially accounted for as liabilities until six months elapsed from the date of grant, at which time such liabilities were reclassified to redeemable members’ interests as members’ contributions.

The Group adopted the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 123 (revised 2004), “Share-Based Payment, a revision of SFAS No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation ” as of January 1, 2006 (“SFAS 123R”). The Group continued to account for all grants of member interests granted subsequent to December 31, 2005 as liability awards.

9




IBG LLC and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts or unless otherwise noted)

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Group defines cash equivalents as short-term, highly liquid securities and cash deposits with original maturities of three months or less, other than those used for trading purposes.  At March 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006, foreign currency owned of $362,174 and $279,501 is included in cash and cash equivalents and foreign currency sold of $4,407 and $11,837 is included in short-term borrowings, respectively, and are carried at fair value.

Cash and Securities — Segregated for Regulatory Purposes

As a result of customer activities, certain Operating Companies are obligated by rules mandated by their primary regulators including the SEC and the Commodities Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”) in the United States and the Financial Services Authority in the United Kingdom to segregate or set aside cash or qualified securities to satisfy such regulations, which regulations have been promulgated to protect customer assets.  In addition, substantially all of the Operating Companies are members of various clearing organizations at which cash or securities are deposited as required to conduct day-to-day clearance activities.

Securities Borrowed and Securities Loaned

Securities borrowed and securities loaned are recorded at the amount of cash collateral advanced or received.  Securities borrowed transactions require the Group to provide counterparties with collateral, which may be in the form of cash, letters of credit, or other securities.  With respect to securities loaned, the Group receives collateral, which may be in the form of cash or other securities in an amount generally in excess of the fair value of the securities loaned.

The Group monitors the market value of securities borrowed and loaned on a daily basis, with additional collateral obtained or refunded as required contractually. Receivables and payables with the same counterparty are not offset in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition. For these transactions, the fees received or paid by the Group are recorded as interest income or interest expense in the condensed consolidated statements of income.

Securities Purchased Under Agreements to Resell and Securities Sold Under Agreements to Repurchase

Securities purchased under agreements to resell and securities sold under agreements to repurchase are treated as collateralized financing transactions and are recorded at contract value, plus accrued interest, which approximates fair value.  The Group’s policy is to obtain possession of collateral with a fair value equal to or in excess of the principal amount loaned under resale agreements.  To ensure that the fair value of the underlying collateral remains sufficient, this collateral is valued daily with additional collateral obtained or excess collateral returned, as required under contractual provisions.

Financial Instruments Owned and Sold, Not Yet Purchased

Stocks, government and corporate bonds, futures and options transactions are reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements on a trade date basis.  Substantially all financial instruments owned and financial instruments sold, not yet purchased are recorded at fair value based upon quoted market prices.  All firm-owned financial instruments pledged to counterparties where the counterparty has the right, by contract or custom, to sell or repledge the financial instruments are classified as financial instruments owned and pledged as collateral in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.

The Group also enters into cross-currency swap transactions.  These transactions, which are also reported on a trade date basis, are agreements to exchange a fixed amount of one currency for a specified amount of a second currency at the outset and at completion of the swap term.  Unrealized mark-to-market gains and losses on cross-currency swap transactions are reported as components of financial instruments owned or financial instruments sold,

10




IBG LLC and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts or unless otherwise noted)

not yet purchased in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.  Net earnings or losses are reported as components of interest income in the condensed consolidated statements of income.

Customer Receivables and Payables

Customer securities transactions are recorded on a settlement date basis and customer commodities transactions are recorded on a trade date basis.  Receivables from and payables to customers include amounts due on cash and margin transactions, including futures contracts transacted on behalf of the Group’s customers. Securities owned by customers, including those that collateralize margin loans or other similar transactions, are not reported in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.

Receivables from and Payables to Brokers, Dealers and Clearing Organizations

Receivables from brokers, dealers and clearing organizations include amounts receivable for securities not delivered by the Group to the purchaser by the settlement date (“fails to deliver”) and margin deposits. Payables to brokers, dealers and clearing organizations include amounts payable for securities not received by the Group from a seller by the settlement date (“fails to receive”).  Receivables and payables to brokers, dealers and clearing organizations also include amounts related to futures contracts executed on behalf of the Group’s customers as well as net payables and receivables from unsettled trades.

Investments

The Group makes certain strategic investments and accounts for these investments under the equity method of accounting.  Investments are accounted for under the equity method of accounting when the Group has significant influence over the investee as required under APB Opinion No. 18, “The Equity Method of Accounting for Investments in Common Stock.”  Investments accounted for under the equity method are recorded at the amount of the Group’s investment and adjusted each period for the Group’s share of the investee’s income or loss. The Group’s share of the income or losses from equity investments is reported as a component of other income in the condensed consolidated statements of income and the Group’s equity investments, which are included in other assets in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition, increase or decrease accordingly.  Distributions received from equity investees are recorded as reductions to the respective investment balance.

A judgmental aspect of accounting for investments is evaluating whether an other-than-temporary decline in the value of an investment has been sustained.  The evaluation of an other-than-temporary impairment is dependent on specific quantitative and qualitative factors and circumstances surrounding an investment, including recurring operating losses, credit defaults and subsequent rounds of financing.  As none of the Group’s investments have readily determinable market values, the primary factor considered by Group management in assessing if an other-than-temporary impairment of value has occurred is the financial condition of the investee company.  All investments are reviewed for changes in circumstances or occurrence of events that suggest the Group’s investment may not be recoverable.  If an unrealized loss on any investment is considered to be other than temporary, the loss is recognized in the period the determination is made.

The Group also holds exchange memberships and investments in equity securities of certain exchanges as required to qualify as a clearing member.  Such investments are recorded at cost or, if an other-than-temporary impairment in value has occurred, at a value that reflects management’s estimate of the impairment, and are included in other assets in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.  Dividends are recognized as a component of other income as such dividends are received.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment consist of purchased technology hardware and software, internally developed software, leasehold improvements and office furniture and equipment.  Property and equipment are recorded at historical cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Additions and improvements that extend the lives of assets are capitalized, while expenditures for repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred.  Depreciation and amortization are computed using the straight-line method.  Equipment is depreciated over the estimated useful lives

11




IBG LLC and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts or unless otherwise noted)

of the assets, while leasehold improvements are amortized over the lesser of the estimated economic useful life of the asset or the term of the lease, generally three to seven years.  Computer equipment is depreciated over three to five years and office furniture and equipment are depreciated over five to seven years.  Qualifying costs for internally developed software are capitalized and amortized over the expected useful life of the developed software, not to exceed three years.

Comprehensive Income

Comprehensive income consists of two components: net income and other comprehensive income.  Other comprehensive income refers to revenues, expenses, gains and losses that are included in redeemable members’ interests but are excluded from net income. The Group’s other comprehensive income is comprised of foreign currency translation adjustments.

The local currency is designated as the functional currency for the Group’s international operating companies. Accordingly, assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. dollars at year-end exchange rates, and revenues and expenses are translated at average exchange rates prevailing during the year. Translation gains and losses, from market making activities, are included in trading gains in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of income.  Adjustments that result from translating amounts from a subsidiary’s functional currency are reported as a component of redeemable members’ interests.

Revenue Recognition

—Trading Gains

Trading gains and losses are recorded on trade date, and are reported on a net basis.  Net trading gains are comprised of changes in the fair value of trading assets and liabilities (i.e., unrealized gains and losses) and realized gains and losses.  Dividends are integral to the valuation of stocks bought and sold and, accordingly, are reported on a net basis as a component of trading gains in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of income.

—Commissions and Execution Fees

Commissions charged for executing and clearing customer transactions are accrued on a trade date basis and are reported as commissions and execution fees in the condensed consolidated statements of income, and the related expenses are reported as execution and clearing expenses, also on a trade date basis.

Income Taxes

The Group accounts for income taxes in accordance with SFAS No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes,” which requires the recognition of tax benefits or expenses on the temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities. In June 2006, the FASB issued FIN No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes — an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109”.  FIN No. 48 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty of income tax positions recognized in financial statements in accordance with SFAS No. 109.  FIN No. 48 prescribes a “more likely than not” threshold and measurement attribute for recognition in the financial statements of an asset or liability resulting from a tax position taken or expected to be taken in an income tax return.

FIN No. 48 was adopted by the Group as of January 1, 2007.  As a result of adoption and as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2007, the Group had no unrecognized tax benefits.  Accordingly, no adjustments were required to be made to existing income tax assets or liabilities and no new income tax assets or liabilities were recognized.

The Group operates in the United States as a limited liability company that is treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes.  Accordingly, the Group’s income is not subject to U.S. federal income taxes.  Taxes related to income earned by partnerships represent obligations of the individual partners.

Income taxes shown on the Group’s condensed consolidated statements of income are primarily attributable to taxes incurred in non-U.S. entities.  State and local income taxes reported in the condensed consolidated statements of income represent taxes assessed by jurisdictions that do not recognize the Group’s limited liability company

12




IBG LLC and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts or unless otherwise noted)

status.  Outside the United States, the Group principally operates through subsidiary corporations and is subject to local income taxes.  Foreign income taxes paid on dividends received are also reported as income taxes.

The Group recognizes interest related to income tax matters as interest expense and penalties related to income tax matters as income tax expense.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements.”  SFAS No. 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and requires enhanced disclosures about fair value measurements.  SFAS No. 157 requires companies to disclose the fair value of financial instruments according to a fair value hierarchy (i.e., levels 1, 2, and 3, as defined).  Additionally, companies are required to provide enhanced disclosure regarding instruments in the level 3 category, including a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances separately for each major category of assets and liabilities.  SFAS No. 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007 and for interim periods within those fiscal years.  Adoption of SFAS No. 157 is not expected to have a material effect on the Group’s condensed consolidated statements of financial condition, income or cash flows.

In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, Including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 115.”  SFAS No. 159 permits entities to choose, at specified election dates, to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value that are not currently required to be measured at fair value.  SFAS No. 159 is effective for financial statements issued for an entity’s first fiscal year beginning after November 15, 2007.  Adoption of SFAS No. 159 is not expected to have a material effect on the Group’s condensed consolidated statements of financial condition, income or cash flows.

3.                       Trading Activities and Related Risks

The Group’s trading activities include providing securities market maker and brokerage services.  Trading activities expose the Group to market and credit risks. These risks are managed in accordance with established risk management policies and procedures. To accomplish this, management has established a risk management process that includes:

·                   A regular review of the risk management process by executive management as part of its oversight role;

·                   Defined risk management policies and procedures supported by a rigorous analytic framework; and

·                   Articulated risk tolerance levels as defined by executive management that are regularly reviewed to ensure that the Group’s risk-taking is consistent with its business strategy, capital structure, and current and anticipated market conditions.

Market Risk

IBG LLC is exposed to various market risks.  Exposures to market risks arise from equity price risk, foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations and changes in interest rates which impact our variable rate debt obligations.

The Group seeks to mitigate market risk associated with trading inventories by employing hedging strategies that correlate rate, price and spread movements of trading inventories and related financing and hedging activities. The Group uses a combination of cash instruments and exchange traded derivatives to hedge its market exposures. The following discussion describes the types of market risk faced by the Group:

Equity Price Risk

Equity price risk arises from the possibility that equity security prices will fluctuate, affecting the value of equity securities and other instruments that derive their value from a particular stock, a defined basket of stocks, or a stock index. The Group is subject to equity price risk primarily in securities owned and

13




IBG LLC and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts or unless otherwise noted)

securities sold, not yet purchased.  The Group attempts to limit such risks by diversifying its portfolio across many different options, futures and underlying securities and avoiding concentrations of positions based on the same underlying security.

Currency Risk

Currency risk arises from the possibility that fluctuations in foreign exchange rates will impact the value of financial instruments.  Exchange rate contracts include cross-currency swaps and currency futures contracts.  Currency swaps are agreements to exchange future payments in one currency for payments in another currency.  These agreements are used to effectively convert assets or liabilities denominated in different currencies.  Currency futures are contracts for delayed delivery of currency at a specified future date.  The Group uses currency swaps to manage the levels of its non-U.S. dollar currency balances and currency cash and futures to hedge its global exposure.

Interest Rate Risk

Interest rate risk arises from the possibility that changes in interest rates will affect the value of financial instruments. The Group is exposed to interest rate risk on variable-rate debt, cash and margin balances and positions carried in equity securities, options and futures.  These risks are managed through investment policies and by entering into interest rate futures contracts.

Credit Risk

The Group is exposed to risk of loss if an individual, counterparty or issuer fails to perform its obligations under contractual terms (“default risk”). Both cash instruments and derivatives expose the Group to default risk.  The Group has established policies and procedures for mitigating credit risk on principal transactions, including reviewing and establishing limits for credit exposure, maintaining collateral, and continually assessing the creditworthiness of counterparties.

In the normal course of business, the Group executes, settles and finances various customer securities transactions. Execution of these transactions includes the purchase and sale of securities by the Group that exposes the Group to default risk arising from the potential that customers or counterparties may fail to satisfy their obligations. In these situations, the Group may be required to purchase or sell financial instruments at unfavorable market prices to satisfy obligations to customers or counterparties. The Group seeks to control the risks associated with its customer margin activities by requiring customers to maintain collateral in compliance with regulatory and internal guidelines.

Liabilities to other brokers and dealers related to unsettled transactions (i.e., securities failed-to-receive) are recorded at the amount for which the securities were purchased, and are paid upon receipt of the securities from other brokers or dealers. In the case of aged securities failed-to-receive, the Group may purchase the underlying security in the market and seek reimbursement for any losses from the counterparty.

The Group enters into securities purchased under agreements to resell and securities sold under agreements to repurchase transactions (“repos”) in addition to securities borrowing and lending arrangements, all of which may result in credit exposure in the event the counterparty to a transaction is unable to fulfill its contractual obligations.  In accordance with industry practice, repos are collateralized by securities with a market value in excess of the obligation under the contract.  Similarly, securities borrowed and loaned agreements are collateralized by deposits of cash.  The Group attempts to minimize credit risk associated with these activities by monitoring collateral values on a daily basis and requiring additional collateral to be deposited with or returned to the Group when deemed necessary.

Concentrations of Credit Risk

The Group’s exposure to credit risk associated with its trading and other activities is measured on an individual counterparty basis, as well as by groups of counterparties that share similar attributes. Concentrations of credit risk can be affected by changes in political, industry, or economic factors. To reduce the potential for risk

14




IBG LLC and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts or unless otherwise noted)

concentration, credit limits are established and exposure is monitored in light of changing counterparty and market conditions.

Off-Balance Sheet Risks

The Group may be exposed to a risk of loss not reflected in the condensed consolidated financial statements for certain derivative instruments, including equity options and futures products and for securities sold, but not yet purchased, which represent obligations of the Group to deliver specified securities at contracted prices, which may create a liability to repurchase them in the market at prevailing prices.  Accordingly, these transactions result in off-balance sheet risk as the Group’s cost to liquidate such securities and futures contracts may exceed the amount reported in the Group’s condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.

4.                       Financial Instruments Owned and Sold, But Not Yet Purchased, at Fair Value

Financial instruments owned and sold, but not yet purchased consisted of securities, at quoted market prices, as follows:

 

 

 

March 31, 2007

 

December 31, 2006

 

 

 

 

 

Sold, But Not

 

 

 

Sold But Not

 

 

 

Owned

 

Yet Purchased

 

Owned

 

Yet Purchased

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Stocks

 

$

9,179,372

 

$

9,748,920

 

$

10,596,252

 

$

9,761,798

 

Options

 

4,875,714

 

4,964,282

 

4,597,737

 

5,022,253

 

U.S. and foreign government obligations

 

506,696

 

 

494,362

 

 

Warrants

 

79,035

 

 

83,322

 

 

Corporate bonds

 

4,428

 

59

 

4,862

 

54

 

Discount certificates

 

50,162

 

 

41,040

 

1,408

 

Currency forward contracts

 

4,479

 

6,367

 

227

 

104

 

 

 


$  14,699,886

 

$

14,719,628

 

$

15,817,802

 

$

14,785,617

 

 

5.                       Investments and Notes Receivable

The Group has made strategic investments in electronic trading exchanges Boston Options Exchange, LLC, OneChicago LLC, ISE Stock Exchange, LLC and CBOE Stock Exchange, LLC.

In December 2006, the Group lent $10 million to W.R. Hambrecht + Co., Inc. (“Hambrecht”) under a senior secured promissory note at the rate of 15% per annum and maturing on January 23, 2007. The original maturity was subsequently extended to February 5, 2007 at which date it matured.  The Group also had a commitment to lend Hambrecht $16 million as part of a three-year senior secured promissory note at December 31, 2006.

At March 31, 2007, the Group had notes receivable from Hambrecht with a par amount of $19.2 million.  The notes receivable bear interest at 8% per annum, payable semi-annually. In conjunction with the notes receivable, the Group received warrants to purchase Series C common stock of Hambrecht at $0.01 per share, representing 25.48% of the fully diluted common shares of Hambrecht’s capital stock and two seats on Hambrecht’s board of directors.

 

15




IBG LLC and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts or unless otherwise noted)

6.                           Senior Notes Payable

At March 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006, IBG LLC had $154,604 and $150,598 of 7% per annum, senior notes outstanding, which were privately placed to certain qualified customers of IB LLC.  All of the senior notes outstanding at March 31, 2007 have either a 15-month or an 18-month maturity. IBG LLC may, solely at its option, redeem the senior notes at any time on or after a specified date in the third month or the sixth month, respectively, after the date on which the senior notes are issued and sold (the “Optional Redemption Date”), at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the senior notes to be redeemed plus accrued interest.  Historically, IBG LLC has redeemed these senior notes at their Optional Redemption Dates which makes these notes short-term in nature.  The carrying value of the senior notes approximates their fair value.

7.                       Senior Secured Credit Facility

In May 2006, the Group entered into a 3-year $300 million revolving credit facility with a syndicate of banks, of which $150 million was borrowed in May 2006.  As of March 31, 2007, the interest rate on the credit facility, which is indexed to LIBOR, was 5.92% per annum.  The carrying value of the credit facility approximates its fair value since borrowings under the facility could be paid down at any time from available funds, making such borrowings short-term in nature.  The credit facility is secured by a first priority interest in all of the capital stock of each entity owned directly by IBG LLC (subject to customary limitations with respect to foreign subsidiaries), and loans and advances to, and other intercompany obligations owed by, each entity owned directly or indirectly by IBG LLC.

The financial covenants on the Group under the terms of the credit facility are:

·                                           minimum net worth (redeemable members’ interests) of $1.5 billion, with quarterly increases equal to 25% of positive consolidated net income;

·                                           maximum total debt to capitalization (including redeemable members’ interests) ratio of 30%;

·                                           minimum liquidity (unencumbered marketable securities and other liquid financial assets divided by unsecured short-term (maturities of less than one year) liabilities) ratio of 1.0 to 1.0; and

·                                           maximum total debt to net consolidated regulatory capital ratio of 35%.

As of March 31, 2007, the Group was in compliance with all of the covenants under the credit facility.

8.                       Defined Contribution and Employee Incentive Plans

Defined Contribution Plan

The Group offers substantially all employees of U.S.-based Operating Companies who have met minimum service requirements the opportunity to participate in defined contribution retirement plans qualifying under the provisions of Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code.  The general purpose of these plans is to provide employees with an incentive to make regular savings in order to provide additional financial security during retirement. These plans provide for the Group to match 50% of the employee’s pre-tax contributions, up to a maximum of 10% of eligible earnings. Employees become vested in the matching contributions incrementally over six years.

16




IBG LLC and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts or unless otherwise noted)

Employee Incentive Plans

See Note 12 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for information regarding changes to the Group’s employee incentive plans and the adoption of new plans by IBG, Inc. subsequent to March 31, 2007 in connection with the Recapitalization and the IPO.

Return on Investment Dollar Units (“ROI Dollar Units”): Since 1998, IBG LLC has granted all non-member employees ROI Dollar Units, which are redeemable under the amended provisions of the plan, and in accordance with regulations issued by the Internal Revenue Service (Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code).  Upon redemption, the grantee is entitled to accumulated earnings on the face value of the certificate, but not the actual face value.  For grants made in 1998 and 1999, grantees may redeem the ROI Dollar Units after vesting on the fifth anniversary of the date of their grant and prior to the tenth anniversary of the date of their grant.  For grants made between January 1, 2000 and January 1, 2005, grantees must elect to redeem the ROI Dollar Units upon the fifth, seventh or tenth anniversary date.  These ROI Dollar Units will vest upon the fifth anniversary of the date of their grant and will continue to accumulate earnings until the elected redemption date.  For grants made on or after January 1, 2006, all ROI Dollar Units shall vest on the fifth anniversary date of their grant and will be automatically redeemed.

As of March 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006, payables to employees for ROI Dollar Units were $36,149 and $39,644, respectively, of which $18,984 and $14,003, respectively, were vested.  These amounts are included in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.

Redeemable Members’ Interests: Prior to January 2, 2006, selected employees had been granted non-transferable member interests in IBG LLC, which conferred ownership rights in IBG LLC and entitled the holders to their proportionate share of the consolidated profits and losses of IBG LLC based on their holding percentages beginning on the date of the grant.

The “Agreement as to Member Interest Purchase Rights” (the “Agreement”) gave IBG LLC the right to repurchase any member’s interests at its discretion at any time which, in particular, was triggered by the termination of employment of a member-employee, and also permitted members to sell their interests back to IBG LLC at any time, in every case for an amount equal to management’s estimate of fair value, which is book value as defined in the Agreement.  Because IBG LLC places a high value on the retention of its key employees, payment for a portion of redeemed interests was contingent on a post-redemption consulting services requirement that, among other conditions, required that a member-employee not compete with IBG LLC in any area of its businesses for five years following the date of redemption. In order to enforce these terms, payment for one-half of the redeemed interests was, under normal conditions, made within five months after the redemption date. Payment for the remaining one-half of the redeemed interests was made five years hence, subject to satisfaction of the consulting services and non-compete provisions of the Agreement.  IBG LLC recognized compensation expense equal to the granted interest at the time of grant.  If and when the terms of the five-year consulting and non-compete period were satisfied, IBG LLC recorded a distribution of redeemable members’ interests at such time as the remaining payment was made to the member-employee.  Should any portion of a member-employee’s interests be forfeited, such forfeited member interests would be redistributed among the remaining members in proportion to their holding percentages.

9.               Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees

Litigation

The Group is subject to certain pending and threatened legal actions which arise out of the normal course of business.  Litigation is inherently unpredictable, particularly in proceedings where claimants seek substantial or indeterminate damages, or which are in their early stages.  The Group cannot predict with certainty the actual loss or range of loss related to such legal proceedings, the manner in which they will be resolved, the timing of final resolution or the ultimate settlement.  Consequently, the Group cannot estimate losses or ranges of losses related to such legal matters, even in instances where it is reasonably possible that a future loss will be incurred.  In the opinion of management, after consultation with counsel, the resolution of all ongoing legal proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on the condensed consolidated financial condition, results of operations or cash flows of the Group.  The Group accounts for potential losses related to litigation in accordance with SFAS No. 5

17




IBG LLC and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts or unless otherwise noted)

“Accounting for Contingencies.”  As of March 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006, reserves provided for potential losses related to litigation matters were not material.

Leases

Operating Companies have non-cancelable operating leases covering office space.  All but one of the office space leases are subject to escalation clauses based on specified costs incurred by the respective landlords and contain renewal elections.  In November 2005, the leases on the primary U.S. office space for the Group and its affiliates were renegotiated through January 2014, with renewal options through January 2026.

As of March 31, 2007, the Group’s minimum annual lease commitments are as follows:

Year

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2007 (remaining)

 

$

5,569

 

2008

 

6,839

 

2009

 

6,469

 

2010

 

6,091

 

2011

 

6,181

 

Thereafter

 

13,934

 

 

 

$

45,083

 

Guarantees

Certain of the Operating Companies provide guarantees to securities clearing houses and exchanges which meet the accounting definition of a guarantee under FIN No. 45 , “ Guarantor’s Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others.”  Under the standard membership agreement, members are required to guarantee collectively the performance of other members.  Under the agreements, if another member becomes unable to satisfy its obligations to the clearinghouse, other members would be required to meet shortfalls.  In the opinion of management, the Operating Companies’ liability under these arrangements is not quantifiable and could exceed the cash and securities they have posted as collateral.  However, the potential for these Operating Companies to be required to make payments under these arrangements is remote.  Accordingly, no contingent liability is carried on the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition for these arrangements.

In connection with its retail brokerage business, IB LLC performs securities and commodities execution, clearance and settlement on behalf of its customers for whom it commits to settle trades submitted by such customers with the respective clearing houses.  If a customer fails to fulfill its obligation, IB LLC must fulfill the customer’s obligation with the trade counterparty.

IB LLC is fully secured by assets in customers’ accounts and any proceeds received from securities and commodities transactions entered into by IB LLC on behalf of customers.  No contingent liability is carried on the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition for these fully collateralized transactions.

Other Commitments

Certain clearing houses and clearing banks and firms used by certain Operating Companies are given a security interest in certain assets of those Operating Companies held by those clearing organizations.   These assets may be applied to satisfy the obligations of those Operating Companies to the respective clearing organizations.

10.          Segment and Geographic Information

The Group operates in two business segments, market making and electronic brokerage.   The Group conducts its market making business through its Timber Hill subsidiaries on the world’s leading exchanges and

18




IBG LLC and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts or unless otherwise noted)

market centers, primarily in exchange-traded equities, equity options and equity-index options and futures.  The Group conducts its electronic brokerage business through its Interactive Brokers subsidiaries, which provide electronic execution and clearing services to customers worldwide.

There are significant transactions and balances between the Operating Companies, primarily as a result of certain Operating Companies holding exchange or clearing organization memberships, which are utilized to provide execution and clearing services to affiliates.  Intra-segment and intra-region income and expenses and related balances have been eliminated in this segment and geographic information in order to accurately reflect the external business conducted in each segment or geographical region.  Rates on transactions between segments are designed to approximate full costs.  Corporate items include non-allocated corporate income and expenses that are not attributed to segments for performance measurement, corporate assets and eliminations.

Management believes that the following information by business segment provides a reasonable representation of each segment’s contribution to total net revenues, income before income taxes and to total assets as of March 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006 and for the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2006 were:

 

 

 

Three months ended March 31,

 

 

 

2007

 

2006

 

Net revenues:

 

 

 

 

 

Market making

 

$

233,294

 

$

263,075

 

Electronic brokerage

 

94,500

 

65,159

 

Corporate and eliminations

 

3,014

 

335

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total net revenues

 

$

330,808

 

$

328,569

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income before income taxes:

 

 

 

 

 

Market making

 

$

154,011

 

$

194,559

 

Electronic brokerage

 

34,672

 

21,844

 

Corporate and eliminations

 

1,656

 

(1,044

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total income before income taxes

 

$

190,339

 

$

215,359

 

 

 

 

March 31,

 

December 31,

 

 

 

2007

 

2006

 

Segment assets:

 

 

 

 

 

Market making

 

$

27,477,686

 

$

28,007,880

 

Electronic brokerage

 

5,513,417

 

4,761,244

 

Corporate and eliminations

 

(742,415

)

(688,606

)

Total Assets

 

$

32,248,688

 

$

32,080,518

 

19




IBG LLC and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts or unless otherwise noted)

The Group operates in both U.S. and international markets on more than 60 exchanges and market centers.  A significant portion of the Group’s net revenues are generated by consolidated subsidiaries operating outside the United States, primarily THE, which is operated and managed in Zug, Switzerland.  International operations are comprised of market making and electronic brokerage activities in 23 countries in Europe, Asia and North America (outside the United States). The following table presents total net revenues and income before income taxes by geographic area for the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2006:

 

 

Three months ended March 31,

 

 

 

2007

 

2006

 

Net revenues:

 

 

 

 

 

United States

 

$

246,592

 

$

257,190

 

International

 

82,478

 

70,435

 

Corporate and eliminations

 

1,738

 

944

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total net revenues

 

$

330,808

 

$

328,569

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income before income taxes:

 

 

 

 

 

United States

 

$

152,496

 

$

176,219

 

International

 

37,455

 

39,577

 

Corporate and eliminations

 

388

 

(437

)

Total income before income taxes

 

$

190,339

 

$

215,359

 

 

11.          Regulatory Requirements

TH LLC and IB LLC are subject to the Uniform Net Capital Rule (Rule 15c3-1) under the Exchange Act and the CFTC’s minimum financial requirements (Regulation 1.17).  At March 31, 2007, TH LLC had net capital of $948,392, which was $933,879 in excess of required net capital of $14,513, and IB LLC had net capital of $287,502, which was $256,985 in excess of required net capital of $30,517.

THE is subject to the Swiss National Bank eligible equity requirement.  At March 31, 2007, THE had eligible equity of $645,200 which was $432,515 in excess of the minimum requirement of $212,685.

THSHK is subject to the Hong Kong Securities Futures Commission liquid capital requirement, THA is subject to the Australian Stock Exchange liquid capital requirement, THC and IBC are subject to the Investment Dealers Association of Canada risk-adjusted capital requirement and IBUK is subject to the U.K. Financial Services Authority financial resources requirement.

At March 31, 2007 all of the Operating Companies were in compliance with their respective regulatory capital requirements.

Regulatory capital requirements could restrict the Operating Companies from expanding their business and declaring dividends if their net capital does not meet regulatory requirements.  Also, certain entities within the Group are subject to other regulatory restrictions and requirements.

12.          Subsequent Events

Initial Public Offering and Recapitalization

On May 3, 2007, IBG, Inc. priced its initial public offering of shares of Common Stock.  In connection with the IPO, IBG, Inc. purchased 10.0% of the membership interests in IBG LLC, from IBG Holdings LLC, became the sole managing member of IBG LLC and began to consolidate IBG LLC’s financial results into its financial statements.  Such transactions are collectively referred to herein as the “Recapitalization.”  Because the

20




IBG LLC and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts or unless otherwise noted)

Recapitalization occurred subsequent to the end of the period covered by this report, the historical condensed consolidated financial statements contained herein reflect the historical financial position, results of operations and cash flows of the Group for all periods presented.  Accordingly, the historical condensed consolidated financial statements do not reflect what the financial position, results of operations or cash flows of IBG, Inc. or the Group would have been had these companies been stand-alone public companies for the periods presented.  Specifically, the historical results of operations of the Group do not give effect to the following matters:

·                   The Recapitalization.

·                   U.S. corporate federal income taxes, since the Group operates in the U.S. as a limited liability company that is treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes.  Historically, the Group’s income was not subject to U.S. federal income taxes.  Taxes related to income earned by partnerships represent obligations of the individual partners.  Income taxes shown on the Group’s condensed consolidated statements of income are primarily attributable to taxes incurred by non-U.S. entities.  State and local income taxes reported in the condensed consolidated statement of income represent taxes assessed by jurisdictions that do not recognize the Group’s limited liability company status.  Outside the United States, the Group principally operates through subsidiary corporations and is subject to local income taxes.  Foreign income taxes paid on dividends received are also reported as income taxes.  Subsequent to the consummation of the IPO, the consolidated financial statements of IBG, Inc. will include U.S. federal income taxes on its allocable share of the results of operations of the Group, after giving effect to the post-IPO corporate structure.

·                   Minority interest expense reflecting IBG Holdings LLC’s ownership of approximately 90% of the IBG LLC membership interests outstanding immediately after the IPO.

Initial Public Offering

On May 9, 2007, IBG, Inc. issued, at $30.01 per share, 40,000,000 shares (1,000,000,000 shares authorized) of its Common Stock in an initial public offering pursuant to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-138955) (the “Registration Statement”).  The aggregate gross proceeds from the IPO amounted to $1,200.4 million.  Net proceeds of $1,177.9 million, after placement agency fees, were paid to IBG Holdings LLC in exchange for a 10.0% interest in IBG LLC.  Other offering expenses of $5.5 million were paid by IBG LLC.

Recapitalization

Immediately prior to and immediately following the consummation of the IPO, IBG, Inc., IBG Holdings LLC, IBG LLC and the members of IBG LLC consummated a series of transactions collectively referred to here in as the “Recapitalization.” In connection with the Recapitalization, IBG, Inc., IBG Holdings LLC and the historical members of IBG LLC entered into an exchange agreement, dated as of May 3, 2007 (the “Exchange Agreement”), pursuant to which the historical members of IBG LLC received membership interests in IBG Holdings LLC in exchange for their membership interests in IBG LLC.  Additionally, IBG, Inc. became the sole managing member of IBG LLC.

In connection with the consummation of the IPO, IBG Holdings LLC used the net proceeds to redeem 10% of members’ interests in IBG Holdings LLC in proportion to their interests.  Immediately following the Recapitalization and IPO, IBG Holdings LLC owned approximately 90% of IBG LLC and 100% of IBG, Inc.’s Class B common stock, which has voting power in IBG, Inc. proportionate to the extent of IBG Holdings LLC’s ownership of IBG LLC.

The Exchange Agreement also provides for future redemptions of member interests and for the purchase of member interests in IBG LLC by IBG, Inc. from IBG Holdings LLC, which is expected to result in IBG, Inc. acquiring the remaining member interests in IBG LLC that it does not own.  On an annual basis, holders of IBG Holdings LLC member interests will be able to request redemption of such member interests over an eight (8) year period following

21




IBG LLC and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts or unless otherwise noted)

the initial public offering; 12.5% annually for seven (7) years and 2.5% in the eighth year.  The primary manner in which the redemption price is expected to be paid is from the proceeds from sales of additional shares of Common Stock.  360 million shares of authorized Common Stock have been reserved for such future sales.

Employee Incentive Plans

Subsequent to March 31, 2007, in connection with the Recapitalization and the IPO, IBG, Inc. adopted the 2007 Stock Incentive Plan and the 2007 ROI Unit Stock Plan, each of which is discussed below.

—2007 Stock Incentive Plan

Under the Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. 2007 Stock Incentive Plan (the “Stock Incentive Plan”), up to 9.2 million shares of Common Stock may be granted and issued to directors, officers, employees, contractors and consultants of IBG, Inc. and its subsidiaries. The purpose of the Stock Incentive Plan is to promote IBG, Inc.’s long-term financial success by attracting, retaining and rewarding eligible participants.

The Stock Incentive Plan is administered by the Compensation Committee of IBG, Inc.’s Board of Directors. The Compensation Committee has discretionary authority to determine which employees are eligible to participate in the Stock Incentive Plan.  The Compensation Committee establishes the terms and conditions of the awards under the Stock Incentive Plan, including the number of awards offered to each employee and all other terms and conditions applicable to such awards in individual grant agreements.  Awards are expected to be made primarily through grants of Common Stock. The Stock Incentive Plan will provide that awards will be subject to issuance over time and may be forfeited upon an employee’s termination of employment or violation of certain applicable covenants prior to issuance, unless determined otherwise by the Compensation Committee.

The Stock Incentive Plan provides that, upon a change in control, the Compensation Committee may, at its discretion, fully vest any granted but unissued shares of Common Stock awarded under the Stock Incentive Plan, or provide that any such granted but unissued shares of Common Stock will be honored or assumed, or new rights substituted therefor by the new employer on a substantially similar basis and on terms and conditions substantially comparable to those of the Stock Incentive Plan.

IBG, Inc. granted awards in connection with the IPO and is expected to continue to grant awards on or about January 1 of each year following the IPO, to specific employees as part of an overall plan of equity compensation. The shares of Common Stock to be granted at the time of the IPO will be issued in accordance with the following schedule:

·                   10% on the date of the IPO; and

·                   an additional 15% on each of the first six anniversaries of the date of the IPO, assuming continued employment with IBG, Inc. and compliance with non-competition and other applicable covenants.

Pursuant to the terms of the Stock Incentive Plan adopted in connection with the IPO, liabilities for member interest grants of $14,674 as of December 31, 2006 will be distributed to member employees over the next six (6) years from the date of the IPO in the form of shares of Common Stock.  Such distributions will be made as follows:  10% at the time of the initial public offering and 15% annually on the six subsequent anniversaries of the IPO.  Additionally, non-member employees were granted $8,229 in the form of shares of Common Stock, which shares will be distributed over the next six (6) years from the date of the IPO on the above described distribution schedule.

—2007 ROI Unit Stock Plan

Certain employees of IBG LLC currently hold ROI Dollar Units (as described in Note 8) that entitle each holder thereof to accumulated earnings on the face value of the certificate representing his or her ROI Dollar Units.  Subsequent to the IPO, no additional ROI Dollar Units will be granted.  Non-cash compensation to employees will consist primarily of grants of shares of Common Stock as described above under “2007 Stock Incentive Plan.” In

 

22




IBG LLC and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts or unless otherwise noted)

connection with the IPO, ROI Dollar Units were, at the employee’s option, redeemable for cash as currently provided for under the current ROI Dollar Unit plan, or the accumulated earnings attributable to the ROI Dollar Units as of December 31, 2006 may have been elected to be invested in shares of Common Stock pursuant to the Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. 2007 ROI Unit Stock Plan (the “ROI Unit Stock Plan”).  Shares of Common Stock to be issued under the ROI Unit Stock Plan will be distributed in accordance with the following schedule, subject to the conditions below:

·                   10% on the date of the IPO (or on the first anniversary of the IPO, in the case of U.S. ROI Unit holders who made the above-referenced elections after December 31, 2006); and

·                   an additional 15% on each of the first six anniversaries of the date of the IPO (or on each of the next six anniversaries of the date of the IPO, in the case of U.S. ROI Unit holders who made the above-referenced elections after December 31, 2006), assuming continued employment with IBG, Inc. and compliance with other applicable covenants.

Distributions to Members

Distributions to members, which historically have been made to assist members in meeting their income tax obligations with respect to their proportionate share of the Group’s profits, are made at the discretion of the managing member in proportion to the respective members’ percentage interests.  On April 16, 2007, IBG LLC’s managing member approved and paid a cash dividend to the members of IBG LLC totaling $134,000.

******

23




ITEM 1A.  UNAUDITED PRO FORMA FINANCIAL INFORMATION

As described below and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the historical results of operations and financial condition prior to May 3, 2007, the date of the Recapitalization and the IPO, are not comparable to the results of operations and financial condition of IBG, Inc. for subsequent periods.  Accordingly, for periods prior to May 3, 2007, IBG, Inc. believes that pro forma results and financial condition provide the most meaningful basis for comparison of historical periods.

The following unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated statements of income for the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2006 and the unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated statement of financial condition as of March 31, 2007 present the consolidated results of operations and financial position of IBG, Inc. assuming that the Recapitalization and the IPO had been completed as of January 1, 2006 with respect to the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of income data, and at March 31, 2007 with respect to the unaudited condensed consolidated statement of financial condition data.  The unaudited pro forma consolidated financial statements reflect pro forma adjustments that are described in the accompanying notes and are based on available information and certain assumptions we believe are reasonable, but are subject to change. We have made, in our opinion, all adjustments that are necessary to present fairly the pro forma financial data.

As a result of the Recapitalization, we became the sole managing member of IBG LLC and, as such, we operate and control all of the business and affairs of IBG LLC and its subsidiaries and are able to consolidate IBG LLC’s financial results into our financial statements. We reflect IBG Holdings LLC’s ownership interest as a minority interest in our statement of financial condition and statement of income. Our historical results are those of IBG LLC. As a result, our net income, after excluding IBG Holdings LLC’s minority interest, represents approximately 10% of IBG LLC’s net income, and similarly, outstanding shares of our common stock represent approximately 10% of the outstanding membership interests of IBG LLC.

The unaudited pro forma financial statements of IBG, Inc. should be read together with the Group’s audited consolidated financial statements and related notes included in IBG, Inc.’s  prospectus (the “Prospectus”) dated May 3, 2007 and filed with the SEC on May 4, 2007, the Registration Statement, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and the Group’s historical unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere herein.

The unaudited pro forma financial data is presented for informational purposes only and should not be considered indicative of actual results of operations that would have been achieved had the Recapitalization and the IPO been consummated on the dates indicated and do not purport to be indicative of balance sheet data or results of operations as of any future date or for any future period.

24




Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Statement of Income

 

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31, 2007

 

 

 

Historical

 

Adjustments

 

ProForma (1)

 

Statement of Income Data:

 

(dollars in millions except share and per share data)

 

Revenues:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Trading gains

 

$

198.8

 

$

 

$

198.8

 

Commissions and execution fees

 

56.3

 

 

56.3

 

Interest income

 

184.5

 

 

184.5

 

Other income

 

24.7

 

 

24.7

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total revenues

 

464.3

 

 

464.3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest expense

 

133.5

 

 

133.5

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total net revenues

 

330.8

 

 

330.8

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Non-interest expenses:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Execution and clearing

 

90.2

 

 

90.2

 

Employee compensation and benefits

 

32.8

 

 

32.8

 

Occupancy, depreciation and amortization

 

6.0

 

 

6.0

 

Communications

 

3.4

 

 

3.4

 

General and administrative (2)

 

8.1

 

0.0

 

8.1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total non-interest expenses

 

140.5

 

0.0

 

140.5

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income before income tax

 

190.3

 

(0.0

)

190.3

 

Income tax expense (3),(4)

 

6.1

 

5.9

 

12.0

 

Less — Minority interest (5)

 

 

(165.9

)

(165.9

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income

 

$

184.2

 

$

(171.8)

 

$

12.4

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Earnings per share (6):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic

 

 

 

 

 

$

0.31

 

Diluted

 

 

 

 

 

$

0.31

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted average common shares outstanding

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic

 

 

 

 

 

40,000,100

 

Diluted

 

 

 

 

 

401,257,739

 

See accompanying notes to unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated statements of income.

 

25




Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Statement of Income

 

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31, 2006

 

 

 

Historical

 

Adjustments

 

Pro Forma (1)

 

Statement of Income Data:

 

(dollars in millions except share and per share data)

 

Revenues:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Trading gains

 

$

225.4

 

$

 

$

225.4

 

Commissions and execution fees

 

39.4

 

 

39.4

 

Interest income

 

132.1

 

 

132.1

 

Other income

 

25.5

 

 

25.5

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total revenues

 

422.4

 

 

422.4

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest expense

 

93.8

 

 

93.8

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total net revenues

 

328.6

 

 

328.6

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Non-interest expenses:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Execution and clearing

 

71.3

 

 

71.3

 

Employee compensation and benefits

 

28.7

 

 

28.7

 

Occupancy, depreciation and amortization

 

5.5

 

 

5.5

 

Communications

 

2.7

 

 

2.7

 

General and administrative (2)

 

5.0

 

0.0

 

5.0

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total non-interest expenses

 

113.2

 

0.0

 

113.2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income before income tax

 

215.4

 

(0.0

)

215.4

 

Income tax expense (3),(4)

 

9.2

 

6.8

 

16.0

 

Less — Minority interest (5)

 

 

(185.6

)

(185.6

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income

 

$

206.2

 

$

(192.4

)

$

13.8

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Earnings per share (6):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Diluted

 

 

 

 

 

$

0.34

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

0.34

 

Weighted average common shares outstanding

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic

 

 

 

 

 

40,000,100

 

Diluted

 

 

 

 

 

401,257,739

 

See accompanying notes to unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated statements of income.

 

26




 

Notes to the Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Statements of Income

Represents adjustments to reflect the following:

(1)

Pro forma earnings per share calculations (i) includes the restricted shares of Common Stock that are to be issued upon investment of accumulated earnings on Return on Investment Dollar Units in connection with the Recapitalization, but (ii) excludes our shares of Common Stock that are issuable in the future pursuant to post offering equity incentive plan. See Note 12 to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for more information.

 

 

(2)

Gives effect to Delaware franchise taxes that will be payable, estimated at $0.165 million annually.

 

 

(3)

The $5.9 and $6.8 million income tax expense adjustments for the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively, represent the sum of the current income tax expense adjustment for these periods (referenced in this footnote 3) and the deferred income tax expense adjustment for this period (referenced in footnote 4 below). Additional current income tax expense on our 10.0% investment in IBG LLC would be $1.8 and $2.7 million, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2006. In addition to increased currently payable income taxes, we will incur increased deferred income tax expense (see footnote 4).

 

 

(4)

Additional deferred income tax expense of $4.1 million for each of the three month periods ended March 31, 2007 and 2006 is the result of the straight-line amortization of the deferred tax asset of $249.3 million arising from the acquisition of the 10.0% member interest in IBG LLC (see footnote 3 above) and will be amortized over 15 years.

 

 

(5)

Gives effect to the 90.0% interest in IBG LLC that IBG Holdings LLC will have after the Recapitalization and the IPO. The adjustments are equal to 90.0% of total net income for the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.

 

 

(6)

Basic pro forma earnings per share are calculated based on the estimated 40.0 million shares of Common Stock and 100 shares of Class B common stock being outstanding. Diluted earnings per share are calculated based on an assumed purchase by us of all remaining IBG LLC membership interests held by IBG Holdings LLC and the issuance by us of a corresponding number of shares of Common Stock, resulting in a total of 400 million shares deemed outstanding as of the beginning of each period, as described in Note 12 to the condensed consolidated financial statements. There is no impact on earnings per share for such purchase and issuance because 100% of net income before minority interest would be available to common stockholders as IBG Holdings LLC would no longer hold a minority interest, and the full difference between the book and tax basis of IBG LLC’s assets would also be available for reducing income tax expense. Therefore, the net income utilized to calculate diluted earnings per share would be $124.0 and $138.0 million, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2006.

 

 

 

In addition, diluted weighted average common shares outstanding include 1.3 million shares  of Common Stock to be issued upon investment of accumulated earnings on Return on Investment Dollar Units in connection with the Recapitalization.  Shares of Common Stock to be issued in connection with the Stock Incentive Plan (as defined in Note 12 to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements) have been excluded from diluted weighted average common shares outstanding because such shares are non-dilutive.

 

27




 

Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition

As of March 31, 2007

 

 

Historical

 

Adjustments (1)

 

Pro Forma

 

 

 

(dollars in millions, except per share data)

 

Assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

$

607.8

 

$

 

$

607.8

 

Cash and securities—segregated for regulatory purposes or deposited with clearing organizations

 

3,427.9

 

 

3,427.9

 

Securities borrowed

 

10,533.0

 

 

10,533.0

 

Securities purchased under agreements to resell

 

 

 

 

Trading assets, at market:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Securities owned

 

7,261.8

 

 

7,261.8

 

Securities owned and pledged as collateral

 

7,438.1

 

 

7,438.1

 

 

 

14,699.9

 

 

14,699.9

 

Other receivables:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Customers

 

1,081.7

 

 

1,081.7

 

Brokers, dealers and clearing organizations

 

1,682.6

 

 

1,682.6

 

Interest

 

63.6

 

 

63.6

 

 

 

2,827.9

 

 

2,827.9

 

Other assets (1)

 

152.2

 

249.3

 

401.5

 

Total assets

 

$

32,248.7

 

$

249.3

 

$

32,498.0

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Liabilities and Members’ Interest

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Trading liabilities—securities sold but not yet purchased, at market

 

$

14,719.6

 

$

 

$

14,719.6

 

Securities loaned

 

7,003.6

 

 

7,003.6

 

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase

 

17.3

 

 

17.3

 

Short-term borrowings

 

1,051.5

 

 

1,051.5

 

Other payables:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Customers

 

4,591.4

 

 

4,591.4

 

Brokers, dealers and clearing organizations

 

1,362.8

 

 

1,362.8

 

Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities (2)

 

182.4

 

216.8

 

399.2

 

Interest

 

49.2

 

 

49.2

 

 

 

6,185.8

 

216.8

 

6,402.6

 

Senior secured credit facility

 

150.0

 

 

150.0

 

Senior notes payable

 

154.6

 

 

154.6

 

Commitments, contingencies and guarantees

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Minority interest (3)(4)

 

 

2,665.3

 

2,665.3

 

Redeemable members’ interests:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accumulated other comprehensive income (5)

 

103.3

 

(103.3

)

 

Redeemable members’ interests

 

2,863.0

 

(2,863.0

)

 

Total redeemable members’ interests

 

2,966.3

 

(2,966.3

)

 

 

 

32,248.7

 

(84.2

)

32,164.5

 

Stockholders’ equity

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accumulated other comprehensive income (4)

 

 

10.3

 

10.3

 

Common stock (6) (par value $0.01 per share; authorized 1,000,000,000 shares; issued 40,000,000 shares)

 

 

0.4

 

0.4

 

Additional paid-in capital (6)

 

 

322.8

 

322.8

 

Totalstockholders’equity

 

 

333.5

 

333.5

 

Total liabilities andstockholders’equity

 

$

32,248.7

 

$

249.3

 

$

32,498.0

 

 

See accompanying notes to unaudited pro forma consolidated statement of financial condition.

28




 

Notes to the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition

Represents adjustments to reflect the following:

(1)

Gives effect to a deferred tax asset of $249.3 million arising from the acquisition of the 10.0% member interest in IBG LLC (see footnote 2 below). The deferred tax asset is to be amortized over 15 years. $211.8 million (85%) of the tax savings realized by us will be paid to IBG Holdings LLC and is included in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities in our pro forma consolidated statement of financial condition, with the remaining $37.5 million recorded as a permanent increase to additional paid-in capital.

 

 

(2)

The $216.8 million adjustment to accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities represents the $211.8 million of tax savings (referenced in footnote 1 above) minus existing minority interest of $0.6 million plus Delaware franchise taxes payable of $0.1 million plus the $5.5 million of estimated offering expenses (referenced in footnote 6 below). Existing minority interest of $0.6 million at March 31, 2007 was reported in other liabilities in our historical financial statements and has been reclassified to minority interest in our pro forma consolidated statement of financial condition.

 

 

(3)

Minority interests are comprised of:

 

90.0% of redeemable members’ interests of $2,966.3

 

$

2,669.7

 

Add: existing minority interests

 

0.6

 

Less: 90.0% of direct offering costs of $5.5 million to be reimbursed by IBG LLC (footnote 6)

 

(5.0

)

 

 

$

2,665.3

 

 

(4)

Represents 10.0% of the $103.3 million in accumulated other comprehensive income included in redeemable members’ interests in the historical financial statements.

 

 

(5)

Gives effect to the elimination of redeemable members’ interest of IBG LLC.

 

 

 

Redeemable members’ interests represent member interests in IBG LLC that are entitled to share in the consolidated profits and losses of IBG LLC. IBG LLC is a private entity owned by the members holding such member interests. IBG LLC has applied guidance within EITF D-98 which requires securities or equity interests of a company whose redemption is outside the control of the company to be classified outside of permanent capital in the statement of financial condition. Historically, the member interests in IBG LLC could be redeemed by the members at book value at their option. Because this redemption right is deemed to be outside the control of the company, IBG LLC has reclassified all members’ capital outside of permanent capital to redeemable members’ interests in the consolidated statement of financial condition. Such reclassification was made to comply with EITF D-98 and the requirements of Regulation S-X of the Exchange Act.

 

29




 

 (6)

The $322.8 million adjustment to additional paid-in capital is comprised of:

 

10.0% of redeemable members’ interests of $2,863.0 million, which is net of accumulated other comprehensive income of $103.3 million (See footnote 4)

 

286.3

 

Add: additional paid in capital arising from recording of deferred tax asset (footnote 1)

 

37.5

 

Less:

 

 

 

Par value of 40,000,000 shares of $.01 per share Class A common stock

 

(0.4)

 

10.0% of direct offering costs of $5.5 million to be reimbursed by IBG

 

(0.6)

 

 

 

$

322.8

 

 

The adjustment gives effect to our issuance of 40,000,000 shares of Common Stock in connection with the Recapitalization and the IPO.  All net proceeds of the IPO, approximately $1,177.9 million, were paid to existing members of IBG LLC and accordingly such net proceeds have been accounted for as a deemed dividend applied against additional paid in capital in our unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated statement of financial condition.  Offering expenses of $5.5 million (separate from the placement agency fee) were borne by IBG LLC.

*****

30




 

ITEM 2.  MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS

OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes and the unaudited pro forma financial information in Items 1 and 1A, respectively, included elsewhere in this report.  The following discussion also contains, in addition to historical information, forward-looking statements that include risks and uncertainties.  Our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors, including those set forth under the heading “Risk Factors” in our Prospectus filed with the SEC on May 4, 2007 and elsewhere in this report.

Introduction

We are an automated global electronic market maker and broker specializing in routing orders and executing and processing trades in securities, futures and foreign exchange instruments as a member of more than 60 electronic exchanges and trading venues around the world.  Since our inception in 1977, we have focused on developing proprietary software to automate broker-dealer functions.  The advent of electronic exchanges in the last 17 years has provided us with the opportunity to integrate our software with an increasing number of exchanges and trading venues into one automatically functioning, computerized platform that requires minimal human intervention.

Our activities are divided into two business segments:

·    Market Making.  We conduct our market making business through our Timber Hill subsidiaries.  As one of the largest market makers on many of the world’s leading exchanges, we provide liquidity by offering competitively tight bid/offer spreads over a broad base of approximately 353,000 tradable, exchange-listed products.  As principal, we commit our own capital and derive revenues or incur losses from the difference between the price paid when securities are bought (or sold) and the price received when those securities are sold (or bought).  Because we provide continuous bid and offer quotations and we are continuously both buying and selling quoted securities, we may have either a long or a short position in a particular product at a given point in time.  Our entire portfolio is evaluated each second and continuously rebalanced throughout the trading day, thus minimizing the risk of our portfolio at all times.  This real-time rebalancing of our portfolio, together with our real-time proprietary risk management system, enables us to curtail risk and to be profitable in both up-market and down-market scenarios.

·    Electronic Brokerage.  We conduct our electronic brokerage business through our Interactive Brokers (“IB”) subsidiaries.  As an electronic broker, we execute, clear and settle trades globally for both institutional and individual customers.  Capitalizing on the technology originally developed for our market making business, IB’s systems provide our customers with the capability to monitor multiple markets around the world simultaneously and to execute trades electronically in these markets at a low cost, in multiple products and currencies from a single trading account.  We offer our customers access to all classes of tradable, exchange-listed products, including stocks, bonds, options, futures and forex, traded on more than 50 exchanges and market centers and in 16 countries around the world seamlessly.

When we use the terms “we,” “us,” and “our,” we mean IBG LLC and its subsidiaries for periods prior to the IPO, and IBG, Inc. and its subsidiaries (including  IBG LLC) for periods from and after the IPO.  On May 3, 2007, IBG, Inc. priced its initial public offering of shares of Common Stock.  In connection with the IPO, IBG, Inc. purchased 10.0% of the membership interests in IBG LLC, became the sole managing member of IBG LLC and began to consolidate IBG LLC’s financial results into its financial statements.

Executive Overview

On a pro forma basis IBG, Inc.’s diluted earnings per share were $0.31 for the three months ended March 31, 2007, compared to $0.34 for the three months ended March 31, 2006.

For the three months ended March 31, 2007, our net revenues were $330.8 million and income before income tax was $190.3 million, compared to net revenues of $328.6 million and income before income tax of $215.4 million for the same period in 2006.  Trading gains were 12% lower in the first quarter of 2007 compared to the same period

31




 

last year and net revenues outside of trading gains were up by 28% for the same time period.  Our pre-tax margin for the three months ended March 31, 2007 was 58%, compared to 66% for the same period in 2006.  Results for the three months ended March 31, 2007 were in line with the average of our quarterly results during 2006.

During the three months ended March 31, 2007, income before income tax in our market making segment decreased 21% compared with the three months ended March 31, 2006, reflecting lower trading gains.  The decrease in trading gains was driven in part by heavy options activity in advance of certain corporate announcements which had a negative impact on our profits.  Market making trade volume for the three months ended March 31, 2007 grew by 50% from the same period last year, primarily in stocks.

During the three months ended March 31, 2007, income before income tax in our electronic brokerage segment increased 59% compared with the first quarter of 2006 reflecting higher revenues from commission and execution fees, and growth in net interest income.  The increase in commission and execution fees was related to the growth in transaction volume and customer accounts.  Total daily average revenue trades, or “DARTs,” for cleared and execution-only customers increased 28% to 245,000 during the three months ended March 31, 2007, compared to 192,000 during the three months ended March 31, 2006.  The increase in net interest was driven by the growth in customer balances and fully secured margin loans.

Trade volumes:

(in 000’s, except %)

 

% growth over

 

 

 

% growth over

 

 

 

% growth over

 

Average Trades

 

 

 

Market Making

 

same period

 

Brokerage

 

same period

 

Total

 

same period

 

per US

 

Period

 

Trades

 

prior year

 

trades

 

prior year

 

Trades

 

prior year

 

Trading Day

 

2003

 

32,772

 

 

 

25,115

 

 

 

57,887

 

 

 

230

 

2004

 

41,506

 

27

%

31,808

 

27

%

73,314

 

27

%

290

 

2005

 

54,044

 

30

%

42,180

 

33

%

96,224

 

31

%

382

 

2006

 

66,043

 

22

%

64,066

 

52

%

130,108

 

35

%

518

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1Q2006

 

15,185

 

 

 

15,434

 

 

 

30,618

 

 

 

494

 

1Q2007

 

22,844

 

50

%

20,010

 

30

%

42,854

 

40

%

703

 

 

32




 

Contract and share volumes:

(in 000’s, except %)

TOTAL

 

 

 

% growth over

 

 

 

% growth over

 

 

 

% growth over

 

 

 

Options

 

same period

 

Futures*

 

same period

 

Stocks

 

same period

 

Period

 

(contracts)

 

prior year

 

(contracts)

 

prior year

 

(shares)

 

prior year

 

2003

 

194,358

 

 

 

31,034

 

 

 

17,038,250

 

 

 

2004

 

269,715

 

39

%

37,748

 

22

%

17,487,528

 

3

%

2005

 

409,794

 

52

%

44,560

 

18

%

21,925,120

 

25

%

2006

 

563,623

 

38

%

62,419

 

40

%

34,493,410

 

57

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1Q2006

 

136,272

 

 

 

12,406

 

 

 

7,814,069

 

 

 

1Q2007

 

159,056

 

17

%

18,644

 

50

%

10,422,130

 

33

%

 

MARKET MAKING

 

 

 

% growth over

 

 

 

% growth over

 

 

 

% growth over

 

 

 

Options

 

same period

 

Futures*

 

same period

 

Stocks

 

same period

 

Period

 

(contracts)

 

prior year

 

(contracts)

 

prior year

 

(shares)

 

prior year

 

2003

 

177,459

 

 

 

6,638

 

 

 

12,578,584

 

 

 

2004

 

236,569

 

33

%

10,511

 

58

%

12,600,280

 

0

%

2005

 

308,613

 

30

%

11,551

 

10

%

15,625,801

 

24

%

2006

 

371,929

 

21

%

14,818

 

28

%

21,180,377

 

36

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1Q2006

 

89,704

 

 

 

2,286

 

 

 

4,645,467

 

 

 

1Q2007

 

99,603

 

11

%

3,586

 

57

%

5,978,287

 

29

%

 

BROKERAGE

 

 

 

% growth over

 

 

 

% growth over

 

 

 

% growth over

 

 

 

Options

 

same period

 

Futures*

 

same period

 

Stocks

 

same period

 

Period

 

(contracts)

 

prior year

 

(contracts)

 

prior year

 

(shares)

 

prior year

 

2003

 

16,898

 

 

 

24,396

 

 

 

4,459,667

 

 

 

2004

 

33,146

 

96

%

27,237

 

12

%

4,887,247

 

10

%

2005

 

101,181

 

205

%

33,009

 

21

%

6,299,319

 

29

%

2006

 

191,694

 

89

%

47,601

 

44

%

13,313,033

 

111

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1Q2006

 

46,568

 

 

 

10,120

 

 

 

3,168,601

 

 

 

1Q2007

 

59,453

 

28

%

15,057

 

49

%

4,443,843

 

40

%


* Includes options on futures

Brokerage statistics:

(in 000’s, except %)

 

 

 

1Q2007

 

1Q2006

 

% Change

 

Total Accounts

 

82

 

67

 

22

%

Customer Equity

 

$

6,900,000

 

$

4,600,000

 

51

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cleared DARTs

 

190

 

151

 

26

%

Total Customer DARTs

 

245

 

192

 

28

%

 

Market making, by its nature, does not produce predictable earnings.  Our results in any given period may be materially affected by volumes in the global financial markets, the level of competition and other factors.  For a further discussion of the factors that may affect our future operating results, see “Risk Factors” beginning on page 19 of our Prospectus filed with the SEC on May 4, 2007.

Business Environment

Volumes in exchange listed equity based options increased by approximately 24% globally and 26% in the U.S. during the three months ended March 31, 2007 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2006 .  This is a continuation of a trend we have observed over the past six years, and we believe that as the “equity culture” spreads around the world this trend is likely to continue.  We have also observed a rise in certain types of options activity

33




 

that are driven by non-trading strategies. One such strategy results in spikes in trading volume prior to ex-dividend dates that would appear to be overstating the exchange-reported volumes, especially in the United States. Such activity does not represent trades with which other market participants, including market makers and customers, can interact. We cannot estimate the impact this activity has on overall trading volumes.

In February 2007, the SEC introduced a penny pricing pilot program for 13 classes of options.  Options in the pilot program trade in minimum price increments of one cent, rather than the five and ten cent increments quoted in other options classes. Two of the classes actively traded are the exchange-traded funds representing the Nasdaq 100 index (QQQQ) and Russell 2000 index (IWM), and the remainder were options on individual stocks.  Preliminary results of the pilot, comparing the three months preceding the pilot with the 12 weeks following the pilot indicate a robust increase in exchange volume for these classes of options.  For the same penny options, we observed a greater increase in our market making volume than what was reported by the exchanges and a decrease in profit per contract in our market making.  Overall, the results of the pilot were favorable to our business, which we believe is a reflection of our ability to compete at narrower bid/offer spreads.  This is a six month pilot and it will be evaluated by the SEC later this year.  It is likely that SEC will consider penny pricing pilot successful and it may allow additional classes of options to trade in pennies.  During the first quarter of 2007 the effects of the penny pilot were negligible.

According to data compiled by the Futures Industry Association (FIA), based on data received from exchanges worldwide, in the first three months of 2007 we accounted for approximately 14.8% of exchange-listed equity options volume traded worldwide and approximately 19.9% of exchange-listed equity options volume traded in the U.S.  This compared to approximately 15.6% of exchange-listed equity options volume traded worldwide and approximately 21.7% of exchange-listed equity options volume traded in the U.S., in the first three months of 2006.

Strong volume growth in the first three months of 2007 was partially offset by heavy options trading activity ahead of certain corporate announcements.  Recently, this activity has been receiving greater attention from securities regulators, which may lead to a curtailed impact of such events on the options markets in the future.

Our customers’ DARTs grew by 28% in the first quarter of 2007 vs. the first quarter of 2006 and by 23% consecutively, from the fourth quarter of 2006 to the first quarter of 2007.  On May 3, 2007, we priced an Initial Public Offering, which we believe will raise Interactive Brokers’ profile among independent financial professionals and institutions (broker-dealers, hedge funds and conventional money managers).  These are the customers we are targeting and we anticipate to see increased growth in our brokerage business as a result of a heightened awareness of our company.

Results of Operations

The tables in the period comparisons below provide summaries of our revenues and expenses. The period-to-period comparisons below of financial results are not necessarily indicative of future results.

34




The following table sets forth our consolidated results of operations for the indicated periods:

 

 

Three Months

 

 

 

Ended March 31,

 

 

 

2007

 

2006

 

 

 

(in millions)

 

Consolidated Statement of Income Data:

 

 

 

 

 

Revenues:

 

 

 

 

 

Trading gains

 

$

198.8

 

$

225.4

 

Commissions and execution fees

 

56.3

 

39.4

 

Interest income

 

184.5

 

132.1

 

Other income

 

24.7

 

25.5

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total revenues

 

464.3

 

422.4

 

Interest expense

 

133.5

 

93.8

 

Total net revenues

 

330.8

 

328.6

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Non-interest expenses:

 

 

 

 

 

Execution and clearing

 

90.2

 

71.3

 

Employee compensation and benefits

 

32.8

 

28.7

 

Occupancy, depreciation and amortization

 

6.0

 

5.5

 

Communications

 

3.4

 

2.7

 

General and administrative

 

8.1

 

5.0

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total non-interest expenses

 

140.5

 

113.2

 

Income before income tax

 

190.3

 

215.4

 

Income tax expense

 

6.1

 

9.2

 

Net Income

 

$

184.2

 

$

206.2

 

Three Months Ended March 31, 2007 Compared to the Three Months ended March 31, 2006

Net Revenues

Total net revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2007 increased $2.2 million, or 1%, to $330.8 million from $328.6 million during the three months ended March 31, 2006.  Trading volume is the most important driver of revenues and costs for both our market making and electronic brokerage segments.  Based on data published by the FIA, global equity options volume increased approximately 24% as compared to the first quarter of 2006.  For the three months ended March 31, 2007, equity option contracts executed by our subsidiaries increased by 22.8 million, or 17%, to 159.1 million contracts from 136.3 million contracts for the three months ended March 31, 2006.

Trading Gains.   Trading gains for the three months ended March 31, 2007 decreased $26.6 million, or 12%, from the three months ended March 31, 2006, which was an unusually profitable period due to market factors that were especially conducive to electronic market making.  As market makers, we provide liquidity by buying from sellers and selling to buyers.  Unexpectedly heavy options activity in advance of certain corporate announcements adversely impacted our market making operations during the three months ended March 31, 2007. While we are unable to detail the exact frequency of these announcements in a given period and their exact financial impact on our results of operations, during the three months ended March 31, 2007, there were a greater number of surprise or unexpected announcements preceded by heavy options activity than in prior quarters.  Heavy options activity typically occurs in advance of certain surprise or unexpected corporate announcements, especially where there is a leakage of information and when regularly scheduled annual or quarterly corporate announcements materially deviate from

35




 

expectations. This impacts us as, when we trade with others who have different information than we do, we may accumulate unfavorable positions preceding large price movements in companies. During the three months ended March 31, 2007, our market making operations executed 22.8 million trades, a 50% increase over the three months ended March 31, 2006, although much of this increase took place in stock trading.  Included in trading gains are net dividends and currency translation gains and losses from market making activities.  Dividend income and expense arise from holding market making positions over dates on which dividends are paid to shareholders of record.  When a stock pays a dividend, its market price is generally adjusted downward to reflect the value paid to the shareholders of record, which will not be received by those who purchase the stock after the dividend date.  Hence, the apparent gains and losses due to these price changes must be taken together with the dividends paid and received, respectively, in order to accurately reflect the results of our market making operations.  Translation gains of $7.7 million were recognized in the three months ended March 31, 2007 on foreign currency balances held primarily by our European subsidiaries, compared to translation losses of $0.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006.

Commissions and Execution Fees.  Commissions and execution fees for the three months ended March 31, 2007 increased $16.9 million, or 43%, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2006.  This increase was primarily due to higher customer trading volume on an expanded customer base.  Total DARTs for cleared and execution-only customers for the three months ended March 31, 2007 increased 28% to 245,000 compared to 192,000 during the three months ended March 31, 2006.  DARTS for cleared customers, customers for whom we execute trades and clear and carry positions, increased 26% to approximately 190,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2007 compared to approximately 151,000 during the three months ended March 31, 2006.   The number of customer accounts grew by 22% to approximately 82,000 at March 31, 2007 compared to approximately 67,000 at March 31, 2006.  Average commission per trade for cleared customers for the three months ended March 31, 2007 increased by $0.66, or 16%, to $4.68 as compared to $4.02 for the three months ended March 31, 2006.

Interest Income and Interest Expense.   Net interest income (interest income less interest expense) for the three months ended March 31, 2007 increased $12.7 million, or 33%, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2006.  Growth in net interest income was primarily attributable to higher interest rates, increases in net customer cash and margin balances and higher net interest from securities lending.  The U.S. dollar average, overnight LIBOR (the London Interbank Offered Rates, which serve as benchmark interest rates for most major currencies) increased 18% to 5.30% for the three months ended March 31, 2007, from 4.51% for the three months ended March 31, 2006.  Customer cash balances increased by 68%, to $4.59 billion, and customer fully secured margin borrowings increased 71%, to $1.08 billion, at March 31, 2007 as compared to $2.74 billion and $0.63 billion, respectively, at March 31, 2006.  Net interest earned from customers’ cash balances and fully secured margin balances for the first three months ended March 31, 2007 increased $5.8 million, or 122%, to $10.5 million as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2006.  Securities borrowed increased by 6%, to $10.53 billion, and securities loaned decreased by 2%, to $7.00 billion, at March 31, 2007 from March 31, 2006.  These increases reflect the growth in stock positions held by our market making units, partially offset by the increase in our equity capital, which reduced the need to finance positions through securities lending and the growth in short stock positions carried in customer accounts.  Net interest earned from stock borrowing and lending activities for the first three months ended March 31, 2007 increased $12.6 million, or 40%, to $44.0 million as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2006.  This is partially offset by an increase in interest expense, not related to our securities lending activities, from our market making segment, which increased $6.3 million or 59% to $16.9 million for the first three months ended March 31, 2007 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2006.  This reflects increased borrowings to support business growth, as well as an increase in interest rates.  During the same period, the growth in IBG LLC’s capital to $2.97 billion at March 31, 2007 from $2.30 billion at March 31, 2006, combined with higher interest rates also contributed to the increase in interest income.

Other Income.   Other income for the first three months ended March 31, 2007 decreased $0.8 million, or 3%, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2006.  This decrease was primarily attributable to a decrease of $3.0 million, to $4.4 million, in mark-to-market gains on non-trading securities, primarily investments in exchanges, which was partially offset by an increase of $2.4 million, or 17%, to $16.3 million in payment for order flow income.  The higher payment for order flow income was driven by increased trading volume by customers in U.S. options contracts.  The number of options contracts executed by our customers on U.S. options exchanges in the three months ended March 31, 2007 increased by 27% as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2006.  This income was offset by payment for order flow expense to our customers, as described below under “Non-Interest Expenses—Execution and Clearing.”

36




 

Non-Interest Expenses

Non-interest expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2007 increased by $27.3 million, or 24%, to $140.5 million from $113.2 million during the three months ended March 31, 2006.  As a percentage of total net revenues, non-interest expenses were 43% and 34% for the three month periods ended March 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.

Execution and Clearing.   Execution and clearing expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2007 increased $18.9 million, or 27%, as compared to $71.3 million in the three months ended March 31, 2006, primarily due to increased trading volume.  Payments for order flow, a component of execution and clearing costs, for the three months ended March 31, 2007 increased $4.0 million, or 29%, to $18.0 million as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2006.  The growth of payment for order flow expense in our electronic brokerage unit was primarily a result of our aggressive marketing of the IB SmartRouting sm  system to new institutional customers, combined with incentive payments to these customers for options orders routed through IB LLC.  This expense was partially offset by payment for order flow revenue received from U.S. options exchanges, as described above under “Net Revenues—Other Income.”

Employee Compensation and Benefits.   Employee compensation and benefits expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2007 increased by $4.1 million, or 14%, to $32.8 million as compared to $28.7 million during the three months ended March 31, 2006.  This increase is primarily due to a 12% growth in the number of employees to 540 at March 31, 2007 as compared to 481 at March 31, 2006 and increased expenses for bonuses and ROI Dollar Units granted to employees due to higher IBG LLC earnings.  As we continue to grow, our focus on automation has allowed us to maintain a relatively small staff of highly compensated professionals. As a percentage of total net revenues, employee compensation and benefits expenses were 10% and 9%, for the three month periods ended March 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively

General and Administrative.   General and administrative expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2007 increased $3.1 million, or 62%, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2006, primarily attributable to increased legal and auditing professional fees related to our IPO.

Income Tax Expense.   Prior to the Recapitalization and the IPO, we operated as a limited liability company and, therefore, most of our income was not subject to corporate tax but, instead, our members were taxed on their proportionate share of the net income. Our income tax expense reflects taxes payable by certain of our non-U.S. companies.  Income tax expense for the three months ended March 31, 2007 decreased $3.1 million, or 34%, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2006, primarily due to lower pre-tax earnings at one of our non-U.S. operating companies.

Net Income.   Net income decreased $22.0 million, or 11%, to $184.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2007 from $206.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006.  Net income as a percentage of net revenues was 56% for the three months ended March 31, 2007 as compared to 63% for the three months ended March 31, 2006.

37




Business Segments

The following table sets forth the net revenues and non-interest expenses and income before income tax of our business segments:

 

 

 

 

Three Months

 

 

 

 

 

Ended March 31,

 

 

 

 

 

2007

 

2006

 

 

 

 

 

(in millions)

 

Market Making

 

Net revenues

 

$

233.3

 

$

263.1

 

 

 

Non-interest expenses

 

79.3

 

68.5

 

 

 

Income before income taxes

 

$

154.0

 

$

194.6

 

Electronic Brokerage

 

Net revenues

 

$

94.5

 

$

65.2

 

 

 

Non-interest expenses

 

59.8

 

43.4

 

 

 

Income before income taxes

 

$

34.7

 

$

21.8

 

Corporate

 

Net revenues

 

$

3.0

 

$

0.3

 

 

 

Non-interest expenses

 

1.4

 

1.3

 

 

 

Income before income taxes

 

$

1.6

 

$

(1.0

)

Total

 

Net revenues

 

$

330.8

 

$

328.6

 

 

 

Non-interest expenses

 

140.5

 

113.2

 

 

 

Income before income taxes

 

$

190.3

 

$

215.4

 

The following sections discuss results of our operations by business segment, excluding a discussion of corporate income and expense.  In the following tables, revenues and expenses directly associated with each segment are included in determining income before income tax.  Due to the integrated nature of the business segments, estimates and judgments have been made in allocating certain revenues and expense items.  Transactions between segments generally results from one subsidiary facilitating the business of another subsidiary through the use of its existing trading memberships and clearing arrangements.  In such cases, certain revenue and expense items are eliminated in order to accurately reflect the external business conducted in each segment.  Rates on transactions between segments are designed to approximate full costs.  In addition to execution and clearing expenses, which are the main cost driver for both the market making segment and the electronic brokerage segment, each segment’s operating expenses include (i) employee compensation and benefits expenses that are incurred directly in support of the businesses, (ii) general and administrative expenses, which include directly incurred expenses for property leases, professional fees, travel and entertainment, communications and information services, equipment, and (iii) indirect support costs (including compensation and other related operating expenses) for administrative services provided by IBG LLC.  Such administrative services include, but are not limited to, computer software development and support, accounting, tax, legal and facilities management.

38




 

Market Making

The following table sets forth the results of our market making operations for the indicated periods:

 

 

Three Months

 

 

 

Ended March 31,

 

 

 

2007

 

2006

 

 

 

(in millions)

 

Consolidated Statement of Income Data:

 

 

 

 

 

Revenues:

 

 

 

 

 

Trading gains

 

$

193.5

 

$

225.7

 

Interest income

 

130.7

 

103.2

 

Other income

 

6.2

 

9.6

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total revenues

 

330.4

 

338.5

 

Interest expense

 

97.1

 

75.4

 

Total net revenues

 

233.3

 

263.1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Non-interest expenses:

 

 

 

 

 

Execution and clearing

 

53.1

 

45.1

 

Employee compensation and benefits

 

13.7

 

13.7

 

Occupancy, depreciation and amortization

 

2.7

 

2.7

 

Communications

 

1.7

 

1.5

 

General and administrative

 

8.1

 

5.5

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total non-interest expenses

 

79.3

 

68.5

 

Income before income tax

 

154.0

 

194.6

 

Income tax expense

 

5.5

 

8.5

 

Net Income

 

$

148.5

 

$

186.1

 

Three Months Ended March 31, 2007 Compared to the Three Months Ended March 31, 2006

Market making total net revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2007 decreased $29.8 million, or 11%, to $233.3 million from $263.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2006.  As market makers, we provide liquidity by buying from sellers and selling to buyers.  Trading gains for the three months ended March 31, 2007 decreased $32.2 million, or 14%, in part due to unexpected heavy options activity in advance of certain corporate announcements, as detailed above.  During the three months ended March 31, 2007, we executed 22.8 million trades compared to 15.2 million trades for the three months ended March 31, 2006; however, the majority of this increase took place in stock trading, which is generally less profitable than options trading.  Trading gains also include translation gains and losses, which are incurred primarily in our European market making operations where our trading assets and liabilities are denominated in multiple currencies.  Translation gains and losses fluctuate with exchange rates and with changes in the composition of our trading assets and liabilities.  Translation gains for the three months ended March 31, 2007 were $7.3 million as compared to translation losses of $0.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006.  Net interest income for the three months ended March 31, 2007 increased $5.8 million, or 21%, primarily attributable to increased securities lending activity resulting from the continuing integration of our securities lending system with our trading system and to higher interest rates on securities borrowed.

Market making non-interest expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2007 increased $10.8 million, or 16%, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2006.  Of this increase, $8.0 million consisted of higher execution and clearing expenses, an increase of 18% the three months ended March 31, 2006, reflecting greater trading

39




 

volume in the 2007 period.  As a percentage of total net revenues, market making non-interest expenses increased to 34% from 26% for the three month periods ended March 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.

Electronic Brokerage

The following table sets forth the results of our electronic brokerage operations for the indicated periods:

 

 

 

Three Months

 

 

 

Ended March 31,

 

 

 

2007

 

2006

 

Consolidated Statement of Income Data:

 

(in millions)

 

Revenues:

 

 

 

 

 

Commissions and execution fees

 

$

56.3

 

$

39.4

 

Interest income

 

59.8

 

29.7

 

Other income

 

20.0

 

16.2

 

Total revenues

 

136.1

 

85.3

 

Interest expense

 

41.6

 

20.1

 

Total net revenues

 

94.5

 

65.2

 

Non-interest expenses:

 

 

 

 

 

Execution and clearing

 

37.1

 

26.2

 

Employee compensation and benefits

 

9.2

 

7.0

 

Occupancy, depreciation and amortization

 

1.4

 

1.3

 

Communications

 

1.7

 

1.2

 

General and administrative

 

10.4

 

7.7

 

Total non-interest expenses

 

59.8

 

43.4

 

Income before income tax

 

34.7

 

21.8

 

Income tax expense

 

0.4

 

0.5

 

Net Income

 

$

34.3

 

$

21.3

 

 

Three Months Ended March 31, 2007 Compared to the Three Months Ended March 31, 2006

Electronic brokerage total net revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2007 increased $29.3 million, or 45%, to $94.5 million from $65.2 million during the three months ended March 31, 2006, primarily due to higher commissions and execution fees and net interest income, which increased $16.9 million, or 43%, and $8.6 million, or 90%, respectively.  These increases reflect strong growth in the number of new customer accounts and significantly higher customer trading activity combined with increases in customer cash and margin debit balances.  Total DARTs from cleared and execution-only customers for the three months ended March 31, 2007 increased 28% to 245,000 compared to 192,000 during the three months ended March 31, 2006.  DARTs from cleared customers for the three months ended March 31, 2007 increased 26% to 190,000 compared to 151,000 during the three months ended March 31, 2006.  Total customer account equity grew by 50% to $6.9 billion at March 31, 2007, from $4.6 billion at March 31, 2006.  The primary component of other income was payment for order flow received through programs administered by U.S. options exchanges and it was largely offset by payment for order flow expense.

Electronic brokerage non-interest expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2007 increased $16.4 million, or 38%, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2006.  Of this increase, $10.9 million reflected a 42% increase in execution and clearing expenses from the three months ended March 31, 2006.  This

40




 

increase was driven by higher customer trading volume, and greater payment for order flow expense incurred in order to attract volume.  As a percentage of total net revenues, non-interest expenses decreased to 63% from 67% for the three month periods ended March 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively, due to the scalability of our automated brokerage platform.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We maintain a highly liquid balance sheet.  The majority of our assets consist of exchange-listed marketable securities inventories, which are marked-to-market daily, and collateralized receivables arising from customer-related and proprietary securities transactions.  Collateralized receivables consist primarily of securities borrowed, receivables from clearing houses for settlement of securities transactions and, to a lesser extent, customer margin loans and securities purchased under agreements to resell.  At March 31, 2007, total assets were $32.2 billion of which approximately $32.1 billion, or 99.5%, were considered liquid and consisted predominantly of marketable securities.

Daily monitoring of liquidity needs and available collateral levels is undertaken to help ensure that an appropriate liquidity cushion, in the form of unpledged collateral, is maintained at all times.  Our ability to quickly reduce funding needs by balance sheet contraction without adversely affecting our core businesses and to pledge additional collateral in support of secured borrowings is continuously evaluated to ascertain the adequacy of our capital base.

In order to provide additional liquidity and to further increase our regulatory capital reserves, we issue senior notes and we maintain a committed senior secured revolving credit facility from a syndicate of banks (see “Principal Indebtedness” below).  As of March 31, 2007, borrowings under these facilities totaled $304.6 million, which represented 9% of our total capitalization.  Based on our current level of operations, we believe our cash flows from operations, available cash and available borrowings under our senior secured revolving credit facility will be adequate to meet our future liquidity needs for at least the next twelve months.

Historically, our consolidated equity has consisted primarily of accumulated retained earnings, which to date have been sufficient to fund our operations and growth.  Consolidated equity grew from $2.30 billion at March 31, 2006 to $2.97 billion at March 31, 2007, representing an increase of 29%.

Regulatory Capital Requirements

Our principal operating subsidiaries are subject to separate regulation and capital requirements in the United States and other jurisdictions.  Timber Hill LLC (“TH LLC”) and Interactive Brokers LLC (“IB LLC”) are registered U.S. broker—dealers and futures commission merchants, and their primary regulators include the SEC, the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, the Chicago Board Options Exchange, the Chicago Mercantile Exchange, the New York Stock Exchange, the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. and the National Futures Association.  Timber Hill Europe AG (“THE”), is registered to do business in Switzerland as a securities dealer and is regulated by the Swiss Federal Banking Commission.  Interactive Brokers (U.K.) Limited (“IBUK”) is subject regulation by the U.K. Financial Services Authority and our various other operating subsidiaries are similarly regulated. See the Notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in Part 1, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for further information regarding our regulated subsidiaries.

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Cash Flows

The following table sets forth our cash flows from operating activities, investing activities and financing activities for the periods indicated:

 

 

Three months ended

 

 

 

March 31,

 

 

 

2007

 

2006

 

 

 

(in millions)

 

Cash provided by operating activities

 

$

216.6

 

$

211.8

 

Cash used in investing activities

 

(13.5

)

(26.7

)

Cash used in financing activities

 

(263.7

)

(174.1

)

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents

 

(0.9

)

(0.3

)

Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

 

($61.5

)

$

10.7

 

Our cash flows from operating activities are largely a reflection of the size and composition of trading positions held by our market making subsidiaries, and of the changes in customer cash and margin debit balances in our electronic brokerage business.  Our cash flows from investing activities are primarily related to capitalizable internal software development; purchases and sales of memberships at exchanges where we trade; and, more recently, strategic investments in exchanges where such investments will enable us to offer better execution alternatives to our current and prospective customers, or create new opportunities for ourselves as market makers or where we can influence exchanges to provide competing products at better prices using sophisticated technology.  Our cash flows from financing activities are comprised of short-term borrowings, long-term borrowings and capital transactions.  Short-term borrowings from banks are part of our daily cash management in support of operating activities.  Long-term borrowings provide us with flexible sources of excess liquidity and regulatory capital, and they include a committed senior secured revolving credit facility from a syndicate of banks that was initiated in May 2006, and senior notes issued in private placements to certain qualified customers of IB LLC.

Three Months Ended March 31, 2007

Net cash provided by operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2007 was $216.6 million.  The primary components of cash provided by operating activities were a decrease in trading assets of $1.05 billion, net of trading liabilities, reflecting normal changes in the makeup of market making positions; an increase of $443.9 million in payables to customers, net of receivables from customers, reflecting growth in customer cash balances; and net income of $184.2 million.  Sources of cash were offset by uses of cash which were primarily made up of a decrease of $1.03 billion in securities loaned which is reflective of the decrease in trading assets and greater equity capital; an increase of $316.0 million in cash and securities—segregated under federal and other obligations, reflecting growth in customer cash balances; and an increase of $181.3 million in other receivables, net of other payables, primarily from clearing organizations.

Net cash used for investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2007 was $13.5 million.  During the first quarter of 2007, IB Exchange Corp., one of our subsidiaries, refinanced a maturing $10.0 million senior secured promissory note, loaned to W.R. Hambrecht + Co., Inc., and invested an additional $9.2 million as part of a three year senior secured promissory note and warrants to purchase common stock agreements totalling $19.2 million as of March 31, 2007.  See “Strategic Investments and Acquisitions” below for more information regarding the Hambrecht senior secured promissory notes and warrants to purchase common stock.  Additions to property and equipment were $4.0 million.

Net cash used in financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2007 was $263.7 million, comprised of a decrease in net short-term borrowings of $243.2 million and distributions paid to members of $24.5 million.  Uses of cash were offset by sources of cash which were comprised of $112.8 million from the issuance of senior notes, offset by $108.8 million in senior note redemptions.

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Three months Ended March 31, 2006

Net cash provided by operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2006 was $211.8 million.  The primary components of cash provided by operating activities were net income of $206.2 million, an increase of $134.6 million in payables to customers, net of receivables from customers, reflecting growth in customer cash balances; and an increase of $104.9 million in other payables, primarily from clearing organizations.  Sources of cash were offset by uses of cash which were primarily made up of an increase of  $195.6 million in trading assets net of trading liabilities, reflecting normal changes in the makeup of market making positions; and an increase $141.6 million in cash and securities—segregated under federal and other obligations, reflecting growth in customer cash balances.

Net cash used for investing activities for the year ended March 31, 2006 was $26.7 million. Investments in OneChicago, LLC ($20.0 million), ISE Stock Exchange, LLC ($4.25 million) and additions to property and equipment of $2.4 million were the primary investing activities undertaken.

Net cash used in financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2006 was $174.1 million, and was comprised of a decrease in net short-term borrowings of $118.1 million and distributions paid to members of $86.0 million.  Uses of cash were offset by sources of cash which comprised of $156.6 million from the issuance of senior notes, offset by $125.3 million in senior note redemptions.

Principal Indebtedness

IBG LLC is the borrower under a $300.0 million senior secured revolving credit facility and is the issuer of senior notes of which $150.0 million and $154.6 million were outstanding, respectively, as of March 31, 2007.

Senior Secured Revolving Credit Facility

On May 19, 2006, IBG LLC entered into a $300.0 million three-year senior secured revolving credit facility with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. as administrative agent, Harris N.A., as syndication agent, and Citibank, N.A. and HSBC Bank USA National Association, as co-syndication agents. IBG LLC is the sole borrower under this credit facility, which is required to be guaranteed by IBG LLC’s domestic non-regulated subsidiaries (currently there are no such entities). The facility is secured by a first priority interest in all of the capital stock of each entity owned directly by IBG LLC (subject to customary limitations with respect to foreign subsidiaries). The facility may be used to finance working capital needs and general corporate purposes, including downstreaming funds to IBG LLC’s regulated broker-dealer subsidiaries as regulatory capital. This allows IBG LLC to take advantage of market opportunities when they arise, while maintaining substantial excess regulatory capital. The financial covenants contained in this credit facility are as follows:

·                   minimum net worth of $1.5 billion, with quarterly increases equal to 25% of positive consolidated income;

·                   maximum total debt to capitalization ratio of 30%;

·                   minimum liquidity ratio of 1.0 to 1.0; and

·                   maximum total debt to net regulatory capital ratio of 35%.

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As of March 31, 2007, IBG LLC was in compliance with al of the covenants under this credit facility.

Senior Notes

IBG LLC periodically issues senior notes in private placements to certain qualified customers of IB LLC. IBG LLC uses the proceeds from sales of the senior notes to provide capital to IBG LLC’s broker-dealer subsidiaries in the form of subordinated loans and for other general purposes. The outstanding senior notes have a 7% per annum interest rate, and either a 15-month or an 18-month maturity.  IBG LLC may, solely at its option, redeem the senior notes at any time on or after a specified date in the third month or the sixth month, respectively, after the date on which the senior notes are issued and sold, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the senior notes to be redeemed plus accrued interest.

At March 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006, IBG LLC had $154,604 and $150,598 of senior notes outstanding.  During the period from January 1 through May 31, 2007, total senior notes issued were $188,120, and senior notes, which were redeemed totaled $183,903.

The senior notes are secured, as is the senior secured revolving credit facility, by a first priority interest in all of the capital stock of each entity owned directly by IBG LLC (subject to customary limitations with respect to foreign subsidiaries).

The senior notes contain covenants that may limit IBG LLC’s ability to:

·              incur, or permit its subsidiaries to incur, additional indebtedness;

·              create, or permit its subsidiaries to create, liens on any capital stock or equity interests of its subsidiaries;

·              declare and pay dividends or make other equity distributions; and

·              consolidate, merge or sell all or substantially all of its assets.

Capital Expenditures

Our capital expenditures are comprised of compensation costs of our software engineering staff for development of software for internal use and expenditures for computer, networking and communications hardware. These expenditure items are reported as property and equipment. Capital expenditures for property and equipment were $4.0 million and $2.4 million for the three month periods ended March 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. We anticipate that our 2007 gross capital expenditures will approximate $20.0 million, including planned construction of a data center in Chicago, Illinois that will complement and back up our primary U.S. data center in Greenwich, Connecticut.  We expect our future capital expenditures to rise as we continue our focus on technology infrastructure initiatives in order to further enhance our competitive position. We anticipate that we will fund capital expenditures with cash from operations and cash on hand. In response to changing economic conditions, we believe we have the flexibility to modify our capital expenditures by adjusting them (either upward or downward) to match our actual performance.  If we pursue any strategic acquisitions, we may incur additional capital expenditures.

Seasonality

Our business is subject to seasonal fluctuations, reflecting varying numbers of market participants at times during the year and varying numbers of trading days from quarter to quarter, including declines in trading activity due to holidays. Typical seasonal trends may be superseded by market or world events, which can have a significant impact on prices and trading volume.

Strategic Investments and Acquisitions

We periodically engage in evaluations of potential strategic investments and acquisitions. In February and March 2007, IB Exchange Corp., one of our subsidiaries, completed the purchase of a total of $19.2 million of three year senior secured promissory notes issued by W.R. Hambrecht + Co., Inc., the parent of WR Hambrecht + Co, LLC and received warrants to purchase Class C Common Stock of W.R. Hambercht + Co., Inc. common stock.  As of  March 31, 2007 IB Exchange Corp. holds warrants to purchase approximately 25.5% of W.R. Hambrecht + Co. Inc.  In March 2006, IBG LLC invested $20.0 million in OneChicago LLC and $4.25 million in the ISE Stock Exchange, LLC.  We intend to continue making acquisitions on an opportunistic basis generally only when the acquisition candidate will, in our opinion, enable us to acquire either technology or customers faster than we could develop them on our own. Currently, there are no definitive agreements with respect to any material acquisition.

Certain Information Concerning Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

Our subsidiaries derive revenues from buying and selling a variety of financial instruments.  Certain of these instruments, including equity options and futures products, give rise to off-balance-sheet risk.  Risk arises from changes

44




 

in the value of these contracts (market risk) and also from the potential inability of counterparties to perform under the terms of the contracts (credit risk).  Our market making subsidiaries rely upon proprietary computer systems that reevaluate our prices each second in order to minimize market risk inherent in their portfolios at any moment.  Credit risk is limited in that substantially all of the contracts entered into are settled directly at securities and commodities clearing houses or through member firms and banks with substantial financial and operational resources.  Such clearing firms and banks are subject to the rules and regulations of the various contract markets in which they operate.  Our subsidiaries’ exposure is also limited in most locations by the segregation of assets, which protects our subsidiaries in the event of a bankruptcy or other disruption of business at the clearing firm or bank.  Our subsidiaries also seek to control credit risk by following an established credit approval process prior to beginning business with a new counterparty.

Certain of our subsidiaries enter into securities purchased under agreements to resell transactions and securities sold under agreements to repurchase transactions (repos) in addition to securities borrowing and lending arrangements, all of which may result in credit exposure in the event the counterparty to a transaction is unable to fulfill its contractual obligations.  In accordance with industry practice, repos are collateralized by securities with a market value in excess of the obligation under the contract. Similarly, securities borrowed and loaned agreements are collateralized by deposits and receipts of cash.  Our subsidiaries attempt to minimize credit risk associated with these activities by monitoring collateral values on a daily basis and requiring additional collateral to be deposited with or returned to our subsidiaries when deemed necessary.

Securities sold but not yet purchased represent obligations of our subsidiaries to deliver the specified securities at the contracted price and, thereby, may create a liability to repurchase them in the market at prevailing prices.  Accordingly, these transactions result in off-balance-sheet risk as our subsidiaries’ repurchase of such securities may exceed the amount reported in our consolidated statement of financial condition.  Our continuous pricing and risk management systems are designed to minimize such risk on an overall portfolio basis.

Critical Accounting Policies

Valuation of Financial Instruments

Due to the nature of our operations, substantially all of our financial instrument assets, comprised of securities owned, securities purchased under agreements to resell, securities borrowed and receivables from brokers, dealers and clearing organizations are carried at fair value based on quoted market prices or are assets which are short-term in nature and are reflected at amounts approximating fair value.  Similarly, all of our financial instrument liabilities that arise from securities sold but not yet purchased, securities sold under agreements to repurchase, securities loaned and payables to brokers, dealers and clearing organizations are short-term in nature and are reported at quoted market prices or at amounts approximating fair value.  Our long and short positions are valued at either the last consolidated trade price or the last consolidated bid/offer mid-point (where applicable) at the close of regular trading hours, in the respective markets.  Given that we manage a globally integrated market making portfolio, we have large and substantially offsetting positions on securities that trade on different exchanges that close at different times of the trading day.  As a result, there may be large and anomalous swings in the value of our positions daily and, accordingly, in our earnings in any period.  This is especially true on the last business day of each calendar quarter, although such swings tend to come back into equilibrium on the first business day of the succeeding calendar quarter.

Redeemable Members’ Interests

Redeemable members’ interests represent member interests in IBG LLC that are entitled to share in the consolidated profits and losses of the Group.  IBG LLC is a private entity owned by the members holding such member interests.

IBG LLC has applied guidance within Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) Topic D-98 “Classification and Measurement of Redeemable Securities,” which requires securities or equity interests of a company whose redemption is outside the control of the company to be classified outside of permanent capital in the statement of financial condition.  Historically, the member interests in IBG LLC could be redeemed by the members at book

45




 

value at their option.  Because this redemption right is deemed to be outside of its control, IBG LLC has classified all members’ capital outside of permanent capital as redeemable members’ interests in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.

Prior to January 2, 2006, selected employees had been granted non-transferable fully vested member interests in IBG LLC.   Grants issued before January 1, 2006 were accounted for pursuant to Accounting Principles Board “APB” Opinion  No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees” and EITF Issue No. 00-23, “Issues Related to the Accounting for Stock Compensation under APB Opinion No. 25 and FIN No. 44.”  IBG LLC recorded a fixed dollar amount of expense for member interest grants at the date of grant based on management’s estimate of fair value, which is book value (as defined in IBG LLC’s “Agreement as to Member Interest Purchase Rights”).  Member interests confer ownership rights in IBG LLC and entitle the holder to proportionate rights to future allocable profits and losses of IBG LLC.  Under the terms of the agreement, member-employees could only sell their interests back to IBG LLC at any time at book value.  Member interest grants were initially accounted for as liabilities until six months elapsed from the date of grant, at which time such liabilities were reclassified to redeemable members’ interests as members’ contributions .

We adopted the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards “SFAS” No. 123 (revised 2004), “Share-Based Payment, a revision of SFAS No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation” as of January 1, 2006 “SFAS 123R”.  The Group continued to account for all grants of member interests granted subsequent to December 31, 2005 as liability awards.

Contingencies

Our policy is to estimate and accrue for potential losses that may arise out of litigation, regulatory proceedings and tax audits to the extent that such losses are probable and can be estimated in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards SFAS No. 5, “Accounting for Contingencies.”   Significant judgment is required in making these estimates and our final liabilities may ultimately be materially different.  Our total liability accrued with respect to litigation and regulatory proceedings is determined on a case-by-case basis and represents an estimate of probable losses based on, among other factors, the progress of each case, our experience with and industry experience with similar cases and the opinions and views of internal and external legal counsel.  Given the inherent difficulty of predicting the outcome of our litigation and regulatory matters, particularly in cases or proceedings in which substantial or indeterminate damages or fines are sought, or where cases or proceedings are in the early stages, we cannot estimate losses or ranges of losses for cases or proceedings where there is only a reasonable possibility that a loss may be incurred.

IBG LLC has been, and we likely will be, from time to time subject to litigation and other legal proceedings.  As of March 31, 2007, certain subsidiaries of IBG LLC have been named parties to legal actions, which IBG LLC or such subsidiaries intend to defend vigorously.  Although the results of legal actions cannot be predicted with certainty, it is the opinion of management that the resolution of these actions is not expected to have a material adverse effect, if any, on IBG LLC’s business or financial condition, but may have a material impact on the results of operations for a given period.  As of March 31, 2007, reserves provided for potential losses related to litigation matters were not material.  No such reserves were deemed necessary as of March 31, 2006.

Use of Estimates

The consolidated financial statements are prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States.  In applying these principles, management is required to use certain assumptions and make estimates that could materially affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses in the consolidated financial statements.  We base our estimates and judgments on historical experience and other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances.  These assumptions, estimates and/or judgments, however, are often subjective and our actual results may change based on changing circumstances or changes in our analyses.  If actual amounts are ultimately different from our estimates, the revisions are included in our results of operations for the period in which the actual amounts become known.  These estimates are periodically reevaluated by

46




 

management.  We believe the following critical accounting policies could potentially produce materially different results if we were to change underlying assumptions, estimates and/or judgments.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements.”  SFAS No. 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and requires enhanced disclosures about fair value measurements.  SFAS No. 157 requires companies to disclose the fair value of financial instruments according to a fair value hierarchy (i.e., levels 1, 2, and 3, as defined).  Additionally, companies are required to provide enhanced disclosure regarding instruments in the level 3 category, including a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances separately for each major category of assets and liabilities.  SFAS No. 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007 and for interim periods within those fiscal years.  Adoption of SFAS No. 157 is not expected to have a material effect on our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 115.”  SFAS No. 159 permits entities to choose, at specified election dates, to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value that are not currently required to be measured at fair value.  SFAS No. 159 is effective for financial statements issued for an entity’s first fiscal year beginning after November 15, 2007.  Adoption of SFAS No. 159 is not expected to have a material effect on our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Forward-Looking Statements

We have included in Parts I and II of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, and from time to time our management may make, statements which may constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.  Statements that are not historical facts, including statements about our beliefs and expectations, are forward looking statements. Forward looking statements include statements preceded by, followed by or that include the words “may,” “could,” “would,” “should,” “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “plan,” “estimate,” “target,” “project,” “intend” and similar expressions. These statements include, among others, statements regarding our expected business outlook, anticipated financial and operating results, our business strategy and means to implement the strategy, our objectives, the amount and timing of capital expenditures, the likelihood of our success in expanding our business, financing plans, budgets, working capital needs and sources of liquidity.

Forward looking statements are only predictions and are not guarantees of performance. These statements are based on our management’s beliefs and assumptions, which in turn are based on currently available information. Important assumptions relating to the forward looking statements include, among others, assumptions regarding demand for our products, the expansion of product offerings geographically or through new applications, the timing and cost of planned capital expenditures, competitive conditions and general economic conditions. These assumptions could prove inaccurate. Forward looking statements also involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties, which could cause actual results that differ materially from those contained in any forward looking statement. Many of these factors are beyond our ability to control or predict. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ from those in our specific forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, those discussed under “Risk Factors” beginning on page 19 of the Prospectus.  Except as required by applicable law, including the securities laws of the United States and the rules and regulations of the SEC, we are under no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward looking statements after the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

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ITEM  3.  QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

We are exposed to various market risks.  Our exposures to market risks arise from assumptions built into our pricing models, equity price risk, foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations related to our international operations, changes in interest rates which impact our variable-rate debt obligations, and risks relating to the extension of margin credit to our customers.

Pricing Model Exposure

Our strategy as a market maker is to calculate quotes a few seconds ahead of the market and execute small trades at tiny but favorable differentials as a result.  This is made possible by our proprietary pricing model, which continuously evaluates and monitors the risks inherent in our portfolio, assimilates market data and reevaluates the outstanding quotes in our entire portfolio each second.  Certain aspects of the model rely on historical prices of securities.  If the behavior of price movements of individual securities diverges substantially from what their historical behavior would predict, we might incur trading losses.  We attempt to limit such risks by diversifying our portfolio across many different options, futures and underlying securities and avoiding concentrations of positions based on the same underlying security.  Historically, our losses from these events have been immaterial in comparison to our annual trading profits.

Foreign Currency Exposure

As a result of our international market making activities and accumulated earnings in our foreign subsidiaries, our income and net worth is exposed to fluctuations in foreign exchange rates.  Our European operations and some of our Asian operations are conducted by our Swiss subsidiary, THE.  THE is regulated by the Swiss Federal Banking Commission as a securities dealer and its financial statements are presented in Swiss Francs.  Accordingly, THE is exposed to certain foreign exchange risks as described below:

•  THE buys and sells futures contracts and securities denominated in various currencies and carries bank balances and borrows and lends such currencies in its regular course of business.  At the end of each accounting period THE’s assets and liabilities are translated into Swiss Francs for presentation in its financial statements.  The resulting gains or losses are reported as translation gain or loss in THE’s income statement.  When we prepare our consolidated financial statements, THE’s Swiss Franc balances are translated into U.S. dollars for GAAP purposes.  THE’s translation gains or losses appear as such on IBG LLC’s income statement, included in trading gains.

•  THE’s net worth is carried on THE’s books in Swiss Francs in accordance with Swiss accounting standards.  At the end of each accounting period, THE’s net worth is translated at the then prevailing exchange rate into U.S. dollars and the resulting gain or loss is reported in our consolidated statement of financial condition as “other comprehensive income,” which is neither an income nor an expense item in our statement of income, in accordance with GAAP.

Historically, we have taken the approach of not hedging the above exposures, based on the notion that the cost of constantly hedging over the years would amount to more than the random impact of rate changes on our non-U.S. dollar balances.  For instance, an increase in the value of the Swiss Franc would be unfavorable to the earnings of THE but would be counterbalanced to some extent by the fact that the yearly translation gain or loss into U.S. dollars is likely to move in the opposite direction.

In late 2005, we began to expand our market making systems to incorporate cash forex and forex options in order to hedge our currency exposure at little or no cost.  In September 2006, we began hedging our currency exposure throughout the day on a continuous basis.  In connection with the development of our currency hedging strategy, we have determined to base our net worth in GLOBALs, where a GLOBAL is defined as consisting of 66 2 ¤ 3  U.S. cents and 33 1 ¤ 3  Euro cents.  With the growth of our international operations, we foresee including other currencies in our definition of the GLOBAL.  As our forex market making systems continue to develop, and as more exchanges trade more forex-based products electronically, we expect more trading volume to flow through this system and, accordingly, we expect to be able to manage the risks in forex in the same low cost manner as we currently manage the risks of our market making in equity-based products.

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Interest Rate Risk

We had $150.0 million in variable-rate debt outstanding at March 31, 2007.  These debt obligations are subject to fluctuations in interest rates at the end of each borrowing term, which impact the amount of interest we must pay.  If variable interest rates were to increase by 1.0% per annum, the annual impact to our net income from debt obligations of this amount would be a reduction of $1.5 million.  Under our senior secured revolving credit facility, we have the ability to choose borrowing tenors from overnight to twelve months, which permits us to minimize the risk of interest rate fluctuations.

We pay our electronic brokerage customers interest based on benchmark overnight interest rates in various currencies.  We typically invest a portion of these funds in U.S. government treasury securities with maturities of up to three months.  If interest rates were to increase rapidly and substantially, in increments that were not reflected in the yields on these treasury securities, our net interest income from customer deposits would decrease.  An unexpected increase of 0.25% per annum would reduce our annual net interest income by approximately $1.4 million.

We also face substantial interest rate risk due to positions carried in our market making business to the extent that long or short stock positions may have been established for future or forward dates on options or futures contracts and the value of such positions are impacted by interest rates.  We hedge such risks by entering into interest rate futures contracts.  To the extent that these futures positions do not perfectly hedge this interest rate risk, our trading gains may be adversely affected.  The amount of such risk cannot be quantified.

Dividend Risk

We face dividend risk in our market making business as we derive significant revenues and incur significant expenses in the form of dividend income and expense, respectively, from our substantial inventory of equity securities, and must make significant payments in lieu of dividends on short positions in securities in our portfolio.  Projected future dividends are an important component of pricing equity options and other derivatives, and incorrect projections may lead to trading losses.  The amount of these risks cannot be quantified.

Margin Credit

We extend margin credit to our customers, which is subject to various regulatory requirements.  Margin credit is collateralized by cash and securities in the customers’ accounts.  The risks associated with margin credit increase during periods of fast market movements or in cases where collateral is concentrated and market movements occur.  During such times, customers who utilize margin credit and who have collateralized their obligations with securities may find that the securities have a rapidly depreciating value and may not be sufficient to cover their obligations in the event of a liquidation.  We are also exposed to credit risk when our customers execute transactions, such as short sales of options and equities that can expose them to risk beyond their invested capital.

We expect this kind of exposure to increase with growth in our overall business.  Because we indemnify and hold harmless our clearing firms from certain liabilities or claims, the use of margin credit and short sales may expose us to significant off-balance-sheet risk in the event that collateral requirements are not sufficient to fully cover losses that customers may incur and those customers fail to satisfy their obligations.  As of March 31, 2007, we had $1,077.8 million in margin credit extended to our customers.  The amount of risk to which we are exposed from the margin credit we extend to our customers and from short sale transactions by our customers is unlimited and not quantifiable as the risk is dependent upon analysis of a potential significant and undeterminable rise or fall in stock prices.  Our account level margin credit requirements meet or exceed those required by Regulation T of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve.  As a matter of practice, we enforce real-time margin compliance monitoring and liquidate customers’ positions if their equity falls below required margin requirements.

We have a comprehensive policy implemented in accordance with SRO standards to assess and monitor the suitability of investors to engage in various trading activities.  To mitigate our risk, we also continuously monitor customer accounts to detect excessive concentration, large orders or positions, patterns of day trading and other activities that indicate increased risk to us.

Our credit exposure is to a great extent mitigated by our policy of automatically evaluating each account throughout the trading day and closing out positions automatically for accounts that are found to be under-margined.  While this methodology is effective in most situations, it may not be effective in situations where no liquid market

49




 

exists for the relevant securities or commodities or where, for any reason, automatic liquidation for certain accounts has been disabled.

ITEM 4.  CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures.

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and management necessarily is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Also, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions and the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. We conducted an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on this evaluation, the principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that, as of March 31, 2007, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting.

During the three months ended March 31, 2007, we detected a material weakness in our controls over financial reporting relating to the interpretation and application of generally accepted accounting principles.  Specifically, subsequent to the filing of our Registration Statement on Form S-1 on November 27, 2006, our management determined that there was an error in the classification of certain securities loaned fee income, securities borrowed fee expense and foreign currency translation.  These items have since been reclassified, as reflected in the consolidated financial statements included in Part 1, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report in Form 10-Q.  These changes did not have any impact on our net income, our consolidated statements of financial condition or our cash and cash equivalents.  The foregoing material weakness has been remediated.   Except as noted above, no change in our internal control over financial reporting occurred during the quarter ended March 31, 2007 that has materially affected, or is reasonably  likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II  OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1 .  LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

There have been no material changes to the legal proceedings disclosed under “Business—Legal Proceedings and Regulatory Matters” on pages 122 and 123 of our Prospectus filed with the SEC on May 4, 2007 relating to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-138955).

ITEM 1A.  RISK FACTORS

There have been no material changes to the risk factors disclosed in under “Risk Factors” beginning on page 19 of our Prospectus filed with the SEC on May 4, 2007 relating to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-138955).

ITEM 2.  UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

On May 9, 2007, IBG, Inc. closed its initial public offering of 40,000,000 shares of Class A Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share, pursuant to its Registration Statement on Form S-1 (SEC File No. 333-138955).  The Registration Statement was declared effective by the SEC on May 3, 2007.  The offering has terminated and all securities have been sold.  The lead placement agent was W.R. Hambrecht + Co, LLC.  Forty million shares were sold at an offering price of $30.01 per share, resulting in an aggregate offering price of $1,200.4 million.  The placement agency fee incurred in connection with the offering was $22.5 million.  The net proceeds from the offering after subtracting the placement agency fee were $1,177.9 million and were used to purchase 10% of the outstanding membership interests in IBG LLC from IBG Holdings LLC.   IBG Holdings LLC, in turn, used such sale proceeds to redeem, on a pro rata basis, IBG Holdings LLC membership interests held by its members, who included 66 IBG LLC employees (including the directors and executive officers set forth in the table below).   IBG, Inc. did not retain any of the proceeds from the initial public offering.

The following is a listing of IBG, Inc.’s directors and executive officers who received net proceeds from the offering, together with the percentage and dollar amount net proceeds to be received from the offering:

 

 

 

 

% of Net

 

Amount

 

 

 

 

Proceeds

 

(in

Name

 

Title

 

Received

 

millions)

Thomas Peterffy

 

Chairman of the Board of Directors, Chief Executive Officer and President

 

84.58

%

$

996.2

Earl H. Nemser

 

Vice Chairman and Director

 

1.19

%

$

14.0

Paul J. Brody

 

Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer, Secretary and Director

 

1.25

%

$

14.7

Thomas A. Frank

 

Executive Vice President and Chief Information Officer

 

3.15

%

$

37.1

Milan Galik

 

Senior Vice President, Software Development and Director

 

1.37

%

$

16.1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Directors and executive officers as a group

 

91.54

%

$

1,078.1

 

ITEM 3.  DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None

ITEM 4.  SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS

None

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ITEM 5.  OTHER INFORMATION

Stockholder Proposals

The following sets forth the procedures by which stockholders may recommend nominees to IBG, Inc.’s Board of Directors (the “Board of Directors”) and submit other stockholder proposals for consideration at annual and special meetings of the stockholders of IBG, Inc.  IBG, Inc. currently anticipates that the 2008 annual meeting of stockholders will be held in the spring of 2008.  Our Secretary must receive written notification of any proposal (including the nomination of any person to the Board of Directors) that a stockholder submits for inclusion in our proxy statement and proxy for the 2008 annual meeting of stockholders by no later than December 31, 2007, in accordance with the provisions of Rule 14A-8 under the Exchange Act.

Annual Meetings of Stockholders

In accordance with our  Bylaws, for nominations or other business to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a stockholder, the stockholder must have given timely notice thereof in writing to the Secretary of IBG, Inc. and any such proposed business other than the nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors must constitute a proper matter for stockholder action.  To be timely, a stockholder’s notice shall be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of IBG, Inc. not less than one hundred and twenty (120) days prior to the date of IBG, Inc.’s proxy statement released to stockholders in connection with the preceding year’s annual meeting; provided , however , that if IBG, Inc. did not hold an annual meeting the preceding year or if the date of the annual meeting is changed by more than thirty (30) days from the date of the preceding year’s annual meeting, to be timely, notice by the stockholder must be delivered within a reasonable time before IBG, Inc. prints and sends its proxy materials in connection with the annual meeting.  In no event shall the adjournment of an annual meeting commence a new time period for the giving of a stockholder’s notice as described above.  Such stockholder’s notice shall set forth (A) as to each person whom the stockholder proposes to nominate for election or reelection as a director, all information relating to such person that is required to be disclosed in solicitations of proxies for election of directors, or is otherwise required, in each case pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Exchange Act, in each case including any successor rule or regulation thereto, including such person’s written consent to being named in the proxy statement as a nominee and to serving as a director if elected; (B) as to any other business that the stockholder proposes to bring before the meeting, a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the meeting, the reasons for conducting such business at the meeting and any material interest in such business of such stockholder and of any beneficial owner on whose behalf the proposal is made; and (C) as to the stockholder giving the notice and any beneficial owner on whose behalf the nomination or proposal is made (1) the name and address of such stockholder, as they appear on IBG, Inc.’s books, and the name, address and phone number of such beneficial owner, (2) the number and class of shares of capital stock of IBG, Inc. which are owned beneficially and of record by such stockholder and such beneficial owner, (3) a description of any and all arrangements or understandings between such stockholder and such beneficial owner, (4) a representation that the stockholder is a holder of record of stock of IBG, Inc. entitled to vote at such meeting and intends to appear in person or by proxy at the meeting to propose such business or nomination, and (5) a representation whether the stockholder or the beneficial owner, if any, intends or is part of a group which intends (A) to deliver a proxy statement and/or form of proxy to holders of at least the percentage of IBG, Inc.’s outstanding capital stock required to approve or adopt the proposal or elect the nominee and/or (B) otherwise to solicit proxies from stockholders in support of such proposal or nomination.  The foregoing notice requirements shall be deemed satisfied by a stockholder if the stockholder has notified IBG, Inc. of his or her intention to present a proposal at an annual meeting in compliance with Rule 14a-8 (or any successor thereof) promulgated under the Exchange Act and such stockholder’s proposal has been included in a proxy statement that has been prepared by IBG, Inc. to solicit proxies for such annual meeting.  IBG, Inc. may require any proposed nominee to furnish such other information as it may reasonably require to determine the eligibility of such proposed nominee to serve as a director of IBG, Inc.

In the event that the number of directors to be elected to the Board of Directors is increased and there is no public announcement made by IBG, Inc. naming all of the nominees for director or specifying the size of the increased Board of Directors at least one hundred and twenty (120) days prior to the date of IBG, Inc.’s proxy statement released to stockholders in connection with the preceding year’s annual meeting, a stockholder’s notice under this paragraph shall also be considered timely, but only with respect to nominees for any new positions created by such increase, if it shall be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of IBG, Inc. not

52




 

later than the close of business on the tenth (10th) day following the day on which such public announcement is first made by IBG, Inc.

Special Meetings of Stockholders

In accordance with our Bylaws, only such business as shall have been brought before a special meeting of the stockholders pursuant to the notice or waiver of notice of the meeting shall be conducted at such meeting.  Nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors may be made at a special meeting of stockholders at which directors are to be elected pursuant to the notice or waiver of notice of the meeting (A) by or at the direction of the Board of Directors or (B) provided that the Board of Directors has determined that directors shall be elected pursuant to IBG, Inc.’s notice of meeting, by any stockholder of IBG, Inc. who is entitled to vote at the meeting, who complies with the notice procedures set forth above for annual meetings and who is a stockholder of record at the time such notice is delivered to the Secretary of IBG, Inc.  Nominations by stockholders of persons for election to the Board of Directors may be made at such special meeting of stockholders if the stockholder’s notice shall be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of IBG, Inc. within a reasonable time before IBG, Inc. prints and sends its proxy materials in connection with such special meeting or the tenth (10th) day following the day on which public announcement is first made of the date of the special meeting and of the nominees proposed by the Board of Directors to be elected at such meeting.

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ITEM 6.  EXHIBITS

1.1

 

Placement Agency Agreement, dated as of May 3, 2007, by and among Interactive Brokers Group, Inc., IBG LLC, Thomas Peterffy, W.R. Hambrecht + Co., LLC, HSBC Securities (USA) Inc., Fox-Pitt, Kelton Incorporated, Sandler O’Neil + Partners, LP and E*Trade Securities LLC

 

 

 

10.1

 

Amended and Restated Operating Agreement of IBG LLC, dated as of May 3, 2007

 

 

 

10.2

 

Exchange Agreement, dated as of May 3, 2007, by and among Interactive Brokers Group, Inc., IBG Holdings LLC, IBG LLC and the members of IBG LLC

 

 

 

10.3

 

Tax Receivable Agreement, dated as of May 3, 2007, by and between Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. and IBG Holdings LLC

 

 

 

31.1

 

Certification of Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 

 

 

31.2

 

Certification of Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 

 

 

32.1

 

Certification of Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 

 

 

32.2

 

Certification of Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 

54




 

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

INTERACTIVE BROKERS GROUP, INC.

 

 

 

/s/ Paul J. Brody

 

Name: Paul J. Brody

 

Title: Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary

 

(Signing both in his capacity as a duly authorized officer and as principal financial officer of the registrant)

 

 

Date: June 15, 2007

 

 

55



 

Exhibit 1.1

Interactive Brokers Group, Inc.

40,000,000 Shares of Class A Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share

PLACEMENT AGENCY AGREEMENT

May 3, 2007

 

 

W.R. Hambrecht + Co., LLC

HSBC Securities (USA) Inc.

Fox-Pitt, Kelton Incorporated

Sandler O’Neill & Partners, L.P.

E*Trade Securities LLC

c/o W.R. Hambrecht + Co., LLC

539 Bryant Street

San Francisco, CA 94107

Dear Sir or Madam:

Interactive Brokers Group, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), proposes to issue and sell up to 40,000,000 shares (the “Shares”) of Class A common stock, par value $0.01 per share (the “Common Stock”), to investors (collectively, the “Investors”) in an initial public offering.  The Company desires to engage you as its Placement Agents (the “Placement Agents”) in connection with such issuance and sale.  The Shares are more fully described in the Registration Statement (as hereinafter defined).

Prior to the completion of this offering, IBG LLC, a Connecticut limited liability company (“IBG LLC”), will complete a series of reorganization transactions as described in the Prospectus (as hereinafter defined) (the “Reorganization Transactions”). A list of agreements pursuant to which the Reorganization Transactions will be completed is set forth on Schedule 4 hereto (collectively, the “Reorganization Agreements”). As used in this Agreement, the term “knowledge” with respect to the Company or IBG LLC means the knowledge of any of the persons listed on Schedule 5 hereto.

The Company, IBG LLC and Thomas Peterffy, Chief Executive Officer, President and Chairman of the Board of the Company and President and Chairman of the Board of IBG LLC (“Mr. Peterffy”) hereby confirm as follows their agreements with the Placement Agents.

1.             Agreement to Act as Placement Agents .  On the basis of the representations, warranties and agreements of the Company, IBG LLC and Mr. Peterffy herein




 

contained and subject to all the terms and conditions of this Agreement, the Placement Agents agree to act as the Company’s exclusive placement agents, on a best efforts basis only,  in connection with the issuance and sale by the Company of the Shares to the Investors.  The Company shall pay to the Placement Agents a fee equal to 1.875% (the “Placement Agency Fee”) of the proceeds received by the Company from the sale of the Shares as set forth on the cover page of the IPO Prospectus (as hereinafter defined).

2.             Engagement of Qualified Independent Underwriter . The Company hereby confirms its engagement of Fox-Pitt, Kelton Incorporated as, and Fox-Pitt, Kelton Incorporated hereby confirms its agreement with the Company to render services as, a “qualified independent underwriter” within the meaning of Rule 2720(b)(15) of the Conduct Rules of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. (the “NASD”) with respect to the offering and sale of the Shares. Fox-Pitt, Kelton Incorporated, in its capacity as qualified independent underwriter and not otherwise, is referred to herein as the “QIU”. As compensation for the services of the QIU hereunder, the Company agrees to pay the QIU $150,000 on the Closing Date (as defined below) from the proceeds of the Placement Agency Fee.

3.             Delivery and Payment .  At 10:00 a.m., New York City time, on May 9, 2007, or at such other time on such other date as may be agreed upon by the Company and the Placement Agents (such date is hereinafter referred to as the “Closing Date”), W.R. Hambrecht + Co., LLC will release the funds deposited with it by the Investors for collection by the Company and the Placement Agents and the Company shall deliver the Shares to the Investors, which delivery may be made through the facilities of the Depository Trust Company.  The closing (the “Closing”) shall take place at the office of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP, in New York, New York.  All actions taken at the Closing shall be deemed to have occurred simultaneously.

4.                                        Representations and Warranties of the Company, IBG LLC and Mr. Peterffy .  The Company, IBG LLC and Mr. Peterffy, jointly and severally, represent and warrant and covenant to the Placement Agents that:

(a)           The Company has filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) a registration statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-138955) (collectively, with the various parts of such registration statement, each as amended as of the Effective Date for such part, including any Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus and all exhibits to such registration statement, the “Registration Statement”), which has become effective, relating to the Shares, under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Act”), and the rules and regulations (collectively referred to as the “Rules and Regulations”) of the Commission promulgated thereunder.  As used in this Agreement:

(i)  “Applicable Time” means 5:30 p.m. (New York City time) on the date of this  Agreement;

(ii)   “Effective Date” means any date as of which the Registration Statement became, or is deemed to have become, effective under the Act in accordance with the Rules and Regulations;

2




 

(iii) “IPO Prospectus” means the final prospectus relating to the initial public offering of the Shares as filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) of the Rules and Regulations;

(iv) “Issuer Free Writing Prospectus”  means each “free writing prospectus” (as defined in Rule 405 of the Rules and Regulations) prepared by or on behalf of the Company or used or referred to by the Company in connection with the offering of the Shares listed on Schedule 1 hereto;

(v)   “Market Making Prospectus” means the final prospectus relating to sales of Common Stock by W.R. Hambrecht + Co., LLC in connection with market-making transactions as filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) of the Rules and Regulations;

(vi) “Preliminary Prospectus”  means any preliminary prospectus relating to the Shares included in the Registration Statement or filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) of the Rules and Regulations;

(vii)  “Pricing Disclosure Materials” means, as of the Applicable Time, the most recent Preliminary Prospectus, together with each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus filed or used by the Company on or before the Applicable Time and the information included in Schedule 6 hereto; and

(viii)  “Prospectus” means collectively, the IPO Prospectus and the Market Making Prospectus.

(b)           The Registration Statement has heretofore become effective under the Act or, with respect to any registration statement to be filed to register the offer and sale of Shares pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Act, will be filed with the Commission and become effective under the Act no later than 10:00 p.m., New York City time, on the date of determination of the public offering price for the Shares; no stop order of the Commission preventing or suspending the use of any Prospectus, or the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, has been issued, and no proceedings for such purpose have been instituted or, to the Company’s, IBG LLC’s or Mr. Peterffy’s knowledge, are contemplated by the Commission.

(c)           The Registration Statement, at the time it became effective, as of the date hereof, and at the Closing Date conformed and will conform in all material respects to the requirements of the Act and the Rules and Regulations. The Preliminary Prospectus conformed, and the Prospectus will conform in all material respects, when filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) and on the Closing Date, to the requirements of the Act and the Rules and Regulations.

(d)           The Registration Statement did not, as of the Effective Date, and as of the date hereof does not, contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading.

3




 

(e)           The Prospectus will not, as of its date and on the Closing Date, contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading;  provided , however , that the Company, IBG LLC and Mr. Peterffy make no representation or warranty with respect to any statement contained in the Prospectus in reliance upon and in conformity with information concerning a Placement Agent and furnished in writing by such Placement Agent to the Company expressly for use in the Prospectus, it being understood that the only such information furnished by or on behalf of any Placement Agent consists of the information described as such in Section 9(c).

(f)            The Pricing Disclosure Materials did not, as of the Applicable Time, contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, provided , however , that the Company, IBG LLC and Mr. Peterffy make no representation or warranty with respect to any statement contained in the Pricing Disclosure Materials in reliance upon and in conformity with information concerning a Placement Agent and furnished in writing by such Placement Agent to the Company expressly for use in the Pricing Disclosure Materials, it being understood that the only such information furnished by or on behalf of any Placement Agent consists of the information described as such in Section 9(c).

(g)           Each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus (including, without limitation, any road show that is a free writing prospectus under Rule 433 of the Rules and Regulations), as of the Applicable Time, did not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided , however , that the Company, IBG LLC and Mr. Peterffy make no representation or warranty with respect to any statement contained in any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus (i) in reliance upon and in conformity with information concerning a Placement Agent and furnished in writing by such Placement Agent to the Company expressly for use in the Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, it being understood that the only such information furnished by or on behalf of any Placement Agent consists of the information described as such in Section 9(c), or (ii) that was not made explicitly by the Company, any Subsidiary thereof or a director, officer or employee of the Company or any Subsidiary thereof.  For the avoidance of doubt, in the case of the Issuer Free Writing Prospectus filed with the Commission on March 23, 2007 and any subsequent Issuer Free Writing Prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 433(f) of the Act, the representations contained in Sections 4(g) and 4(i) hereof shall not apply to statements contained in an article or other written communication published or distributed by media and reproduced in such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, except to the extent such statements are directly attributable to a director, officer or employee of the Company or its Subsidiaries and to the extent such statements are not otherwise clarified or corrected in such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus.

(h)           Each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus conformed or will conform in all material respects to the requirements of the Act and the Rules and Regulations on the date of first use, and the Company has complied with any filing requirements applicable to such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus pursuant to the Rules and Regulations.  The Company has not

4




 

made, and will not make, any offer relating to the Shares that would constitute an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus without the prior written consent of the Placement Agents. The Company has retained in accordance with the Rules and Regulations all Issuer Free Writing Prospectuses that were not required to be filed with the Commission pursuant to the Rules and Regulations.

(i)            There is no Issuer Free Writing Prospectus that includes any information that conflicts with the information contained in the Registration Statement, and any Preliminary Prospectus deemed to be a part thereof that has not been superseded or modified.  The foregoing sentence does not apply to statements (i) in the Pricing Disclosure Materials in reliance upon and in conformity with information concerning a Placement Agent and furnished in writing by such Placement Agent to the Company expressly for use in an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, it being understood that the only such information furnished by or on behalf of any Placement Agent consists of the information described as such in Section 9(c), or (ii) in an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus that were not made explicitly by the Company, any Subsidiary thereof or a director, officer or employee of the foregoing.

(j)            Each of the Company and IBG LLC is, and at the Closing Date will be, duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware and the State of Connecticut, respectively.  Each of the Company and IBG LLC has, and at the Closing Date will have, full power and authority to conduct all the activities conducted by it, to own and lease all the assets owned and leased by it and to conduct its business as presently conducted and as described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus.  Each of the Company and IBG LLC is, and at the Closing Date will be, duly licensed or qualified to do business and in good standing as a foreign organization in all jurisdictions in which the nature of the activities conducted by it or the character of the assets owned or leased by it makes such licensing or qualification necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing or have such power or authority would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect or would not reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on or affecting the business, prospects, properties, management, consolidated financial position, stockholders’ equity or results of operations of the Company, IBG LLC and their Subsidiaries (as defined below) taken as a whole (a “Material Adverse Effect”).  Complete and correct copies of the certificate of incorporation and of the bylaws of the Company and the organizational or governing documents of IBG LLC and all amendments thereto have been made available to the Placement Agents, and no changes therein will be made subsequent to the date hereof and prior to the Closing Date.

(k)           The Company’s and IBG LLC’s only subsidiaries (each a “Subsidiary” and collectively the “Subsidiaries”) are listed on Schedule 2 to this Agreement.  Each Subsidiary has been duly organized and is validly existing as a corporation in good standing under the laws of its jurisdiction of formation.  Each Subsidiary is duly qualified and in good standing as a foreign corporation in each jurisdiction in which the character or location of its properties (owned, leased or licensed) or the nature or conduct of its business makes such qualification necessary, except for those failures to be so qualified or in good standing which would not be reasonably expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.  All of the shares of issued capital stock of each corporate subsidiary, and all of the capital stock and equity interests of each subsidiary that is not a corporation, of the Company and IBG LLC have been duly authorized and validly issued, are fully paid and non-assessable and are owned directly or

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indirectly by the Company or IBG LLC, free and clear of any lien, encumbrance, claim, security interest, restriction on transfer, shareholders’ agreement, voting trust or other defect of title whatsoever, except for any lien and encumbrance in connection with that certain Pledge and Collateral Agency Agreement, dated as of May 19, 2006, made by IBG LLC and each of the other signatories thereto in favor of JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as collateral agent for the secured parties and as bank agent as described in the Prospectus.

(l)            The issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company have been duly authorized and validly issued, are fully paid and nonassessable and are not subject to any preemptive rights, rights of first refusal or similar rights.  The Company has an authorized, issued and outstanding capitalization as set forth in the Prospectus as of the dates referred to therein. The descriptions of the Shares and the Common Stock of the Company in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus are, and at the Applicable Time will be, complete and accurate in all material respects.  Except as set forth in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, the Company does not have outstanding any options to purchase, or any rights or warrants to subscribe for, or any securities or obligations convertible into, or exchangeable for, or any contracts or commitments to issue or sell, any shares of capital stock or other securities.

(m)          The membership interests of IBG LLC that will be outstanding upon consummation of the Reorganization Transactions have been validly authorized, and when issued upon consummation of the Reorganization Transactions, will not be subject to any preemptive rights, rights of first refusal or similar rights.  The descriptions of the membership interests of IBG LLC in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus are, and at the Applicable Time will be, complete and accurate in all material respects.  Except as set forth in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, IBG LLC does not, and upon consummation of the Reorganization Transactions, will not, have outstanding any options to purchase, or any rights or warrants to subscribe for, or any securities or obligations convertible into, or exchangeable for, or any contracts or commitments to issue or sell, any membership interests or other securities.

(n)           Each of the Reorganization Agreements has been duly and validly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company and IBG LLC, to the extent it is party to such agreements, and constitute legally binding and valid obligations of the Company and IBG LLC, to the extent it is party to such agreements, enforceable in accordance with its terms, subject to the effect of applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally and equitable principles of general applicability.

(o)           The Company has delivered to the Placement Agents a true and correct copy of each of the executed Reorganization Agreements together with all related agreements and all schedules and exhibits thereto. There have been no amendments, alterations, modifications or waivers of any of the provisions of any of the Reorganization Agreements since their date of execution; and there exists no event or condition that would constitute a default or an event of default (in each case as contemplated by each of the Reorganization Agreements) under any of the Reorganization Agreements that could adversely affect the ability of (i) the Company to consummate the offer and sale of the Shares or (ii) the Company or IBG LLC to consummate any of the Reorganization Transactions. Other than the

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Reorganization Agreements listed on Schedule 4 hereto, there are no agreements that have been or shall be entered into by the Company, IBG LLC or any Subsidiary in order to effect the Reorganization Transactions.

(p)           Each of the Company and IBG LLC has full legal right, power and authority to enter into this Agreement and the Reorganization Agreements and perform the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby.  This Agreement has been authorized and validly executed and delivered by the Company and IBG LLC and is a legal, valid and binding agreement of the Company and IBG LLC enforceable against the Company and IBG LLC in accordance with its terms, subject to the effect of applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally and equitable principles of general applicability.

(q)           The issuance and sale of the Shares have been duly authorized by the Company, and the Shares, when issued and paid for in accordance with this Agreement, will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and will not be subject to preemptive or similar rights.  The holders of the Shares will not be subject to personal liability by reason of being such holders.  The Shares, when issued, will conform to the description thereof set forth in the Prospectus in all material respects.

(r)            The consolidated financial statements and the related notes included in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus present fairly, in all material respects, the financial condition of the Company, IBG LLC and their consolidated Subsidiaries as of the dates thereof and the results of operations and cash flows at the dates and for the periods covered thereby in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”).  No other financial statements or schedules of the Company, IBG LLC, any Subsidiary or any other entity are required by the Act or the Rules and Regulations to be included in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus.  The pro forma financial statements contained in the Prospectus and the Registration Statement include assumptions that provide a reasonable basis for presenting the significant effects directly attributable to the transactions and events described therein, the related pro forma adjustments give appropriate effect to those assumptions, and the pro forma adjustments reflect the proper application of those adjustments to the historical financial statement amounts in the pro forma financial statements included in the Prospectus and the Registration Statement.  The pro forma financial statements included in the Prospectus and the Registration Statement comply as to form in all material respects with the applicable accounting requirements of Regulation S-X under the Act and the pro forma adjustments have been properly applied to the historical amounts in the compilation of those statements.

(s)           Deloitte & Touche LLP (the “Accountants”), who have reported on the consolidated financial statements and schedules described in Section 4(r), are registered independent public accountants with respect to the Company as required by the Act and the Rules and Regulations and by the rules of the Public Accounting Oversight Board.  The consolidated financial statements of the Company and the related notes and schedules included in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus comply as to form in all material respects with the requirements of the Act and the Rules and Regulations and present fairly the information shown therein.

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(t)            The Company is not an ineligible issuer as defined under the Act and the Company has paid the registration fee for this offering as required under the Act or will pay such fees within the time period required by the Act.

(u)           The Company is, and at the Closing Date will be, in compliance with all provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended, which are applicable to it at such time.  The Company, IBG LLC and each Subsidiary maintain a system of internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurance that (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization; (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles and to maintain accountability for assets; (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization; and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences.

(v)           Since the date of the most recent consolidated financial statements of the Company included or incorporated by reference in the most recent Preliminary Prospectus and prior to Closing, other than as described in the Prospectus (i) there has not been and will not have been any change in the capital stock of the Company or in the membership interests of IBG LLC or long-term debt of the Company, IBG LLC or any Subsidiary or any dividend or distribution of any kind declared, set aside for payment, paid or made by the Company or IBG LLC on any class of capital stock or equity interests, or any material adverse change, or any development that would reasonably be expected to result in a material adverse change, in or affecting the business, prospects, properties, management, consolidated financial position, stockholders’ equity, or results of operations of the Company, IBG LLC and their Subsidiaries taken as a whole (a “Material Adverse Change”) and (ii) neither the Company, IBG LLC nor any Subsidiary has sustained or will sustain any material loss or interference with its business from fire, explosion, flood or other calamity, whether or not covered by insurance, or from any labor disturbance or dispute or any action, order or decree of any court or arbitrator or governmental or regulatory authority, except in each case as otherwise disclosed in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus.

(w)          Since the date as of which information is given in the most recent Preliminary Prospectus, neither the Company, IBG LLC nor any Subsidiary has entered or will enter into any transaction or agreement (except for the Reorganization Agreements), not in the ordinary course of business, that is material to the Company, IBG LLC and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole or incurred or will incur any liability or obligation, direct or contingent, not in the ordinary course of business, that is material to the Company, IBG LLC and their Subsidiaries taken as a whole.

(x)            The Company, IBG LLC and each Subsidiary has good and valid title in fee simple to all items of real property and good and valid title to all personal property described in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus as being owned by them that are material to the businesses of the Company, IBG LLC and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole, in each case free and clear of all liens, encumbrances and claims except those that (i) do not materially interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company, IBG LLC and their Subsidiaries or (ii) would not reasonably be expected,

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individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect.  Any real property described in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus as being leased by the Company, IBG LLC or any Subsidiary that is material to the business of the Company, IBG LLC and their Subsidiaries taken as a whole is held by them under valid, existing and enforceable leases, except those that (A) do not materially interfere with the use made or proposed to be made of such property by the Company, IBG LLC and their Subsidiaries or (B) would not be reasonably expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect.

(y)           The Company is not, nor upon completion of the transactions contemplated herein will it be, an “investment company” or an “affiliated person” of, or “promoter” or “principal underwriter” for, an “investment company,” as such terms are defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”).

(z)            There are no legal, governmental or regulatory actions, suits or proceedings pending, nor, to the Company’s, IBG LLC’s or Mr. Peterffy’s knowledge, any legal, governmental or regulatory investigations, to which the Company, IBG LLC or any Subsidiary is a party or to which any property of the Company, IBG LLC or any Subsidiary is the subject that, individually or in the aggregate, if determined adversely to the Company, IBG LLC or any Subsidiary, would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect or materially and adversely affect the ability of the Company or IBG LLC to perform their obligations under this Agreement or the Reorganization Agreements; to the Company’s, IBG LLC’s and Mr. Peterffy’s knowledge, no such actions, suits or proceedings are threatened or contemplated by any governmental or regulatory authority or threatened by others; and there are no current or pending legal, governmental or regulatory investigations, actions, suits or proceedings that are required under the Act to be described in the Prospectus that are not so described.

(aa)         The Company, IBG LLC and each Subsidiary has, and at the Closing Date will have, (i) all governmental licenses, permits, consents, orders, approvals and other authorizations necessary to carry on their respective business as presently conducted except where the failure to have such governmental licenses, permits, consents, orders, approvals and other authorizations would not be reasonably expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, (ii) complied with all laws, regulations and orders applicable to either it or its business, except where the failure to so comply would not be reasonably expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, and (iii) performed all its obligations required to be performed, and is not, and at the Closing Date will not be, in default, under any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, voting trust agreement, loan agreement, bond, debenture, note agreement, lease, contract or other agreement or instrument (collectively, a “contract or other agreement”) to which it is a party or by which its property is bound or affected, except where such default would not be reasonably expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, and, to the Company’s, IBG LLC’s and Mr. Peterffy’s best knowledge, no other party under any material contract or other agreement to which it is a party is in default in any respect thereunder.  The Company and IBG LLC and their Subsidiaries are not in violation of any provision of their respective organizational or governing documents.

(bb)         All consents, authorizations, approvals and orders required in connection with this Agreement and the Reorganization Agreements have been obtained.

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(cc)         Neither the execution of this Agreement or the Reorganization Agreements, nor the issuance, offering or sale of the Shares, nor the consummation of the Reorganization Transactions, nor the consummation of any of the transactions contemplated herein, nor the compliance by the Company, IBG LLC or Mr. Peterffy with the terms and provisions hereof or thereof will conflict with, or will result in a breach of, any of the terms and provisions of, or has constituted or will constitute a default under, or has resulted in or will result in the creation or imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance upon any property or assets of the Company, IBG LLC or any Subsidiary pursuant to the terms of any contract or other agreement to which the Company, IBG LLC or their Subsidiaries may be bound or to which any of the property or assets of the Company, IBG LLC or their Subsidiaries is subject, except such conflicts, breaches or defaults as may have been waived or would not, in the aggregate, be reasonably expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; nor will such action result in any violation of (i) the provisions of the organizational or governing documents of the Company, IBG LLC or any Subsidiary, or (ii) any statute or any order, rule or regulation applicable to the Company, IBG LLC or any Subsidiary or of any court or of any federal, state or other regulatory authority or other government body having jurisdiction over the Company, IBG LLC or any Subsidiary.

(dd)         There is no document or contract of a character required to be described in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or to be filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement which is not described or filed as required.  All such contracts to which the Company or IBG LLC is a party have been authorized, executed and delivered by the Company or IBG LLC, constitute valid and binding agreements of the Company or IBG LLC, and are enforceable against the Company or IBG LLC in accordance with the terms thereof, subject to the effect of applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally and equitable principles of general applicability.

(ee)         No statement, representation or warranty made by the Company or IBG LLC in this Agreement or made in any certificate or document required by this Agreement to be delivered to the Placement Agents or the Investors was or will be, when made, inaccurate, untrue or incorrect in any material respect.

(ff)           The Company, IBG LLC and their respective directors, officers or controlling persons (including Mr. Peterffy) have not taken, directly or indirectly, any action intended, or which might reasonably be expected, to cause or result, under the Act or otherwise, in, or which has constituted, stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of the Common Stock.

(gg)         No holder of securities of the Company has rights to the registration of any securities or, upon consummation of the Reorganization Transactions, will have rights to the registration of any securities, of the Company as a result of the filing of the Registration Statement or the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, except for such rights as have been waived.

(hh)         Upon the Effective Date, the Common Stock of the Company will be approved, subject to issuance, to list for quotation on the NASDAQ Global Select Market. The Company is, and has no reason to believe that it will not in the foreseeable future

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continue to be, in compliance with all such listing and maintenance requirements of the NASDAQ Global Select Market.

(ii)           Neither the Company nor IBG LLC is involved in any material labor dispute nor is any such dispute known by the Company to be threatened.

(jj)           The business and operations of the Company, IBG LLC and each of their Subsidiaries have been and are being conducted in compliance with all applicable laws, ordinances, rules, regulations, licenses, permits, approvals, plans, authorizations or requirements relating to occupational safety and health, or pollution, or protection of health or the environment (including, without limitation, those relating to emissions, discharges, releases or threatened releases of pollutants, contaminants or hazardous or toxic substances, materials or wastes into ambient air, surface water, groundwater or land, or relating to the manufacture, processing, distribution, use, treatment, storage, disposal, transport or handling of chemical substances, pollutants, contaminants or hazardous or toxic substances, materials or wastes, whether solid, gaseous or liquid in nature) of any governmental department, commission, board, bureau, agency or instrumentality of the United States, any state or political subdivision thereof, or any foreign jurisdiction, and all applicable judicial or administrative agency or regulatory decrees, awards, judgments and orders relating thereto, except where the failure to be in such compliance would not be reasonably expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect; and neither the Company, IBG LLC nor any of their Subsidiaries has received any notice from any governmental instrumentality or any third party alleging any material violation thereof or liability thereunder (including, without limitation, liability for costs of investigating or remediating sites containing hazardous substances and/or damages to natural resources).

(kk)         Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, (i) the Company, IBG LLC and each Subsidiary owns or has obtained valid and enforceable licenses or options for the inventions, patent applications, patents, trademarks (both registered and unregistered), trade names, copyrights and trade secrets necessary for the conduct of their respective business as currently conducted (collectively, the “Intellectual Property”) except where the failure to own such Intellectual Property would not be reasonably expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect; and (ii) (a) there are no third parties who have any ownership rights to any Intellectual Property that is owned by, or has been licensed to, the Company, IBG LLC or any Subsidiary for the products described in the Registration Statement that would preclude the Company, IBG LLC or any Subsidiary from conducting its business as currently conducted and would be reasonably expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, except for the ownership rights of the owners of the Intellectual Property licensed or optioned by the Company, IBG LLC or a Subsidiary; (b) there are currently no sales of any products that would constitute an infringement by third parties of any Intellectual Property owned, licensed or optioned by the Company, IBG LLC or any Subsidiary, which infringement would be reasonably expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; (c) there is no pending or, to the Company’s, Mr. Peterffy’s or IBG LLC’s knowledge, threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim by others challenging the rights of the Company, IBG LLC or any Subsidiary in or to any Intellectual Property owned, licensed or optioned by the Company, IBG LLC or any Subsidiary, other than claims which would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; (d) there is no pending or, to the Company’s, Mr.

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Peterffy’s or IBG LLC’s knowledge, threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim by others challenging the validity or scope of any Intellectual Property owned, licensed or optioned by the Company, IBG LLC or any Subsidiary, other than non-material actions, suits, proceedings and claims; and (e) there is no pending or, to the Company’s, Mr. Peterffy’s or IBG LLC’s knowledge, threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim by others that the Company, IBG LLC or any of the Subsidiaries infringes or otherwise violates any patent, trademark, copyright, trade secret or other proprietary right of others, other than non-material actions, suits, proceedings and claims.

(ll)           Except as would not have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect, the Company, IBG LLC and each Subsidiary (i) has timely filed all Federal, state, local and foreign tax returns which are required to be filed by such entity through the date hereof, which returns are true and correct, or has received timely extensions for the filing thereof, and (ii) has paid all taxes, assessments, penalties, interest, fees and other charges due or claimed to be due from such entity, other than (a) any such amounts being contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings and for which adequate reserves have been provided in accordance with GAAP or (b) any such amounts currently payable without penalty or interest.  There are no tax audits or investigations pending, which if adversely determined could have a Material Adverse Effect; nor to the knowledge of the Company, IBG LLC or Mr. Peterffy are there any proposed additional tax assessments against the Company, IBG LLC or any Subsidiary which could have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect.

(mm)       On the Closing Date, all stock transfer or other taxes (other than income taxes) which are required to be paid in connection with the sale and transfer of the Shares to be sold hereunder will be, or will have been, fully paid or provided for by the Company and all laws imposing such taxes will be or will have been fully complied with.

(nn)         The Company, IBG LLC and each Subsidiary maintains insurance of the types and in the amounts that the Company and IBG LLC reasonably believes is adequate for their respective businesses, including, but not limited to, insurance covering all real and personal property owned or leased by the Company, IBG LLC or any Subsidiary against theft, damage, destruction, acts of vandalism and all other risks customarily insured against by similarly situated companies, all of which insurance is in full force and effect.

(oo)         Neither the Company, IBG LLC nor any Subsidiary, nor, to the knowledge of the Company, IBG LLC or Mr. Peterffy, any director, officer, agent or employee has directly or indirectly, (i) made any unlawful contribution to any candidate for public office, or failed to disclose fully any contribution in violation of law, (ii) made any payment to any federal or state governmental officer or official, or other person charged with similar public or quasi-public duties, other than payments required or permitted by the laws of the United States or any jurisdiction thereof, (iii) violated or is in violation of any provisions of the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977 or (iv) made any bribe, rebate, payoff, influence payment, kickback or other unlawful payment.

(pp)         The operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries are and have been conducted at all times in compliance in all material respects with applicable financial recordkeeping and reporting requirements of the Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting

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Act of 1970, as amended, the money laundering statutes of all jurisdictions, the rules and regulations thereunder and any related or similar rules, regulations or guidelines, issued, administered or enforced by any governmental agency (collectively, the “Money Laundering Laws”) and no material action, suit or proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving the Company or any of its Subsidiaries with respect to the Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, IBG LLC or Mr. Peterffy, threatened.

(qq)         Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries nor, to the knowledge of the Company, IBG LLC, Mr. Peterffy, any director, officer, agent or employee of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Treasury Department (“OFAC”); and the Company will not directly or indirectly use the proceeds of the offering, or lend, contribute or otherwise make available such proceeds to any subsidiary, joint venture partner or other person or entity, for the purpose of financing the activities of any person currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by OFAC.

(rr)           Each officer, director and equity owner of IBG LLC and of the Company listed on Schedule 3 hereto has delivered to W.R. Hambrecht + Co., LLC and HSBC Securities (USA) Inc. an agreement in the form of Exhibit A hereto to the effect that he or she will not, for a period of 180 days after the date of the IPO Prospectus, without the prior written consent of W.R. Hambrecht + Co., LLC and HSBC Securities (USA) Inc., offer, pledge, announce the intention to sell, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of Common Stock or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for Common Stock (including without limitation, Common Stock which may be deemed to be beneficially owned in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and securities which may be issued upon exercise of a stock option or warrant), or enter into any swap or other agreement that transfers, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of the Common Stock.

(ss)         The Company has not distributed and, prior to the later to occur of the Closing Date and completion of the distribution of the Shares, will not distribute any offering material in connection with the offering and sale of the Shares other than any Preliminary Prospectus, the Prospectus or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus to which the Placement Agents have consented.

(tt)           Each material employee benefit plan, within the meaning of Section 3(3) of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”), that is maintained, administered or contributed to by the Company, IBG LLC or any of their affiliates for employees or former employees of the Company, IBG LLC and their Subsidiaries has been maintained in material compliance with its terms and the requirements of any applicable statutes, orders, rules and regulations, including but not limited to ERISA and the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”); no prohibited transaction, within the meaning of Section 406 of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code, has occurred which would result in a material liability to the Company or IBG LLC with respect to any such plan

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excluding transactions effected pursuant to a statutory or administrative exemption; and for each such plan that is subject to the funding rules of Section 412 of the Code or Section 302 of ERISA, no “accumulated funding deficiency” as defined in Section 412 of the Code has been incurred, whether or not waived, and the fair market value of the assets of each such plan (excluding for these purposes accrued but unpaid contributions) exceeds the present value of all benefits accrued under such plan determined using reasonable actuarial assumptions.

(uu)         No relationship, direct or indirect, exists between or among the Company, IBG LLC or any Subsidiary, on the one hand, and the directors, officers, stockholders, customers or suppliers of the Company, IBG LLC or any Subsidiary, on the other, which is required by the Act to be disclosed in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus and is not so disclosed.

(vv)         The Company has not sold or issued any securities that would be integrated with the offering of the Shares contemplated by this Agreement pursuant to the Act, the Rules and Regulations or the interpretations thereof by the Commission.

5.                                        Agreements of the Company, IBG LLC and Mr. Peterffy .  Each of the Company, IBG LLC and Mr. Peterffy covenants and agrees with the Placement Agents as follows:

(a)           The Registration Statement has become effective, and if Rule 430A is used or the filing of the IPO Prospectus is otherwise required under Rule 424(b), the Company will file the IPO Prospectus (properly completed if Rule 430A has been used), subject to the prior approval of the Placement Agents, pursuant to Rule 424(b) within the prescribed time period and will provide a copy of such filing to the Placement Agents promptly following such filing. The Company will file the Market Making Prospectus, subject to the prior approval of W.R. Hambrecht + Co., LLC, pursuant to Rule 424(b) within the prescribed time period and will provide as many copies of the Market Making Prospectus to W.R. Hambrecht + Co., LLC promptly following such filing as W.R. Hambrecht + Co., LLC may reasonably request.

(b)           The Company shall prepare and file with the SEC such amendments and supplements to the Registration Statement and the Market Making Prospectus as may be necessary to keep the Registration Statement effective, and to keep the Marketing Making Prospectus current and free of material misstatements or omissions, during the period beginning on the date hereof and expiring on the close of trading on the later of (i) one year from the date hereof and (ii) the date on which the Company notifies W.R. Hambrecht + Co., LLC in writing that it no longer intends to keep current the Market Making Prospectus (the “Market Making Period”);

(c)           The Company will not, during such period as the IPO Prospectus would be required by law to be delivered in connection with sales of the Shares by an underwriter or dealer in connection with the offering contemplated by this Agreement (whether physically or through compliance with Rule 172 under the Act or any similar rule), file any amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement or the IPO Prospectus unless a copy thereof shall first have been submitted to the Placement Agents within a reasonable period of

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time prior to the filing thereof and the Placement Agents shall not have reasonably objected thereto in good faith.

(d)           The Company will not, during the Market Making Period (whether physically or through compliance with Rule 172 under the Act or any similar rule), file any amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement or the Market Making Prospectus unless a copy thereof shall first have been submitted to W.R. Hambrecht + Co., LLC within a reasonable period of time prior to the filing thereof and W.R. Hambrecht + Co., LLC shall not have reasonably objected thereto in good faith.

(e)           The Company will notify the Placement Agents promptly, and will, if requested, confirm such notification in writing, (1) when any post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement becomes effective; (2) of any request by the Commission for any amendments to the Registration Statement or any amendment or supplements to the Prospectus or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or for additional information; (3) of the issuance by the Commission of any stop order preventing or suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, or the initiation of any proceedings for that purpose or the threat thereof; (4) of becoming aware of the occurrence of any event that in the judgment of the Company makes any statement made in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus untrue in any material respect or that requires the making of any changes in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances in which they are made, not misleading; and (5) of receipt by the Company of any notification with respect to any suspension of the qualification of the Shares for offer and sale in any jurisdiction.  If at any time the Commission shall issue any order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement in connection with the offering contemplated hereby or in connection with sales of Common Stock pursuant to market making activities by W.R. Hambrecht + Co., LLC, the Company will make every reasonable effort to obtain the withdrawal of any such order at the earliest possible moment.  If the Company has omitted any information from the Registration Statement, pursuant to Rule 430A, it will use its best efforts to comply with the provisions of and make all requisite filings with the Commission pursuant to said Rule 430A and to notify the Placement Agents promptly of all such filings.

(f)            If, at any time when an IPO Prospectus relating to the Shares is required to be delivered under the Act (whether physically or through compliance with Rule 172 under the Act or any similar rule), the Company becomes aware of the occurrence of any event as a result of which the IPO Prospectus, as then amended or supplemented, would, in the reasonable judgment of counsel to the Company or counsel to the Placement Agents, include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, or the Registration Statement, as then amended or supplemented, would, in the reasonable judgment of counsel to the Company or counsel to the Placement Agents, include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, or if for any other reason it is necessary, in the reasonable judgment of counsel to the Company or counsel to the Placement Agents, at any time to amend or supplement the IPO Prospectus or the Registration Statement to comply with the Act or the Rules and Regulations, the Company will promptly notify the Placement Agents and will

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promptly prepare and file with the Commission, at the Company’s expense, an amendment to the Registration Statement or an amendment or supplement to the IPO Prospectus that corrects such statement or omission or effects such compliance and will deliver to the Placement Agents, without charge, such number of copies thereof as the Placement Agents may reasonably request.  The Company consents to the use of the IPO Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto by the Placement Agents, and the Placement Agents agree to provide to each Investor, prior to the Closing, a copy of the IPO Prospectus and any amendments or supplements thereto.

(g)           If, at any time during the Market Making Period, the Company becomes aware of the occurrence of any event as a result of which the Market Making Prospectus, as then amended or supplemented, would, in the reasonable judgment of counsel to the Company or counsel to W.R. Hambrecht + Co., LLC, include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, or the Registration Statement, as then amended or supplemented, would, in the reasonable judgment of counsel to the Company or counsel to W.R. Hambrecht + Co., LLC, include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, or if for any other reason it is necessary, in the reasonable judgment of counsel to the Company or counsel to W.R. Hambrecht + Co., LLC, at any time to amend or supplement the Market Making Prospectus or the Registration Statement to comply with the Act or the Rules and Regulations, the Company will promptly notify W.R. Hambrecht + Co., LLC and will promptly prepare and file with the Commission, at the Company’s expense, an amendment to the Registration Statement or an amendment or supplement to the Market Making Prospectus that corrects such statement or omission or effects such compliance and will deliver to W.R. Hambrecht + Co., LLC, without charge, such number of copies thereof as W.R. Hambrecht + Co., LLC may reasonably request.  The Company consents to the use of the Market Making Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto by W.R. Hambrecht + Co., LLC.

(h)           The Company will furnish to the Placement Agents and their counsel, without charge (i) one conformed copy of the Registration Statement as originally filed with the Commission and each amendment thereto, including financial statements and schedules, and all exhibits thereto, (ii) so long as a prospectus relating to the Shares is required to be delivered under the Act (whether physically or through compliance with Rule 172 under the Act or any similar rule), as many copies of each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, Preliminary Prospectus or the IPO Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto as the Placement Agents  may reasonably request and (iii) during the Market Making Period, as many copies of the Market Making Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto as W.R. Hambrecht + Co., LLC may reasonably request.

(i)            The Company will comply with all the undertakings contained in the Registration Statement.

(j)            The Company will not make any offer relating to the Shares that would constitute an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus without the prior written consent of the Placement Agents.

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(k)           The Company will retain in accordance with the Rules and Regulations all Issuer Free Writing Prospectuses not required to be filed pursuant to the Rules and Regulations.

(l)            Prior to the sale of the Shares to the Investors, the Company will cooperate with the Placement Agents and their counsel in connection with the registration or qualification of the Shares for offer and sale under the state securities or Blue Sky laws of such jurisdictions as the Placement Agents may reasonably request; provided, that in no event shall the Company be obligated to qualify to do business in any jurisdiction where it is not now so qualified or to take any action which would subject it to general service of process in any jurisdiction where it is not now so subject.

(m)          During the Market Making Period, the Company will cooperate with W.R. Hambrecht + Co., LLC and their counsel in connection with the registration or qualification of the Common Stock for offer and sale under the state securities or Blue Sky laws of such jurisdictions as W.R. Hambrecht + Co., LLC may reasonably request; provided, that in no event shall the Company be obligated to qualify to do business in any jurisdiction where it is not now so qualified or to take any action which would subject it to general service of process in any jurisdiction where it is not now so subject.

(n)           The Company will apply the net proceeds from the offering and sale of the Shares in the manner set forth in the Prospectus under the caption “Use of Proceeds.”

(o)           The Company will use its reasonable best efforts to ensure that the Shares are listed or quoted on the NASDAQ Global Select Market at the time of the Closing.

(p)           The Company will not at any time, directly or indirectly, take any action intended, or which might reasonably be expected, to cause or result in, or which will constitute, stabilization of the price of the Shares to facilitate the sale or resale of any of the Shares.

(q)           The Company will not, directly or indirectly, without the prior written consent of the Placement Agents, offer to sell, sell, contract to sell, grant any option to purchase or otherwise dispose of (or announce any offer, sale, grant of any option to purchase or other disposition), any shares of Capital Stock of the Company or securities convertible into, or exchangeable or exercisable for, shares of capital stock of the Company or equity interests in IBG LLC for a period of 180 days after the date of this Agreement, except with respect to the issuance of shares of Common Stock upon the exercise of stock options and warrants outstanding as of the date hereof and the issuance of Common Stock or stock options under any benefit plan of the Company existing on the date hereof, and described in the Prospectus.

6.                                        Agreements of the Placement Agents .  The Placement Agents severally, and not jointly, agree that they shall not include any “issuer information” (as defined in Rule 433 under the Act) in any “free writing prospectus” (as defined in Rule 405) used or referred to by such Placement Agent without the prior consent of the Company (any such issuer

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information with respect to whose use the Company has given its consent, “Permitted Issuer Information”); provided that (i)  no such consent shall be required with respect to any such issuer information contained in any document filed by the Company with the Commission prior to the use of such free writing prospectus and (ii) “issuer information,” as used in this Section 6 shall not be deemed to include information prepared by such Placement Agent on the basis of or derived from issuer information.

7.                                        Expenses . Whether or not the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are consummated or this Agreement is terminated, the Company will pay all costs and expenses incident to the performance of the obligations of the Company under this Agreement, including but not limited to costs and expenses of or relating to (1) the preparation, printing and filing of the Registration Statement (including each pre- and post-effective amendment thereto) and exhibits thereto, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, each Preliminary Prospectus, the Prospectus and any amendments or supplements thereto, including all fees, disbursements and other charges of counsel and accountants to the Company, (2) the preparation and delivery of certificates representing the Shares, (3) furnishing (including costs of shipping and mailing) such copies of the Registration Statement (including all pre- and post-effective amendments thereto), the Prospectus and any Preliminary Prospectus or Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, and all amendments and supplements thereto, as may be requested for use in connection with the direct placement of the Shares and market making activities of W.R. Hambrecht + Co., LLC, (4) the listing for quotation of the Common Stock on the NASDAQ Global Select Market, (5) any filings required to be made by the Placement Agents with the NASD, and the fees, disbursements and other charges of counsel for the Placement Agents in connection therewith, (6) the registration or qualification of the Shares for offer and sale under the securities or Blue Sky laws of such jurisdictions designated pursuant to Sections 5(l) and 5(m), including the reasonable fees, disbursements and other charges of counsel to the Placement Agents in connection therewith and the preparation and printing of preliminary, supplemental and final Blue Sky memoranda, (7) fees, disbursements and other charges of counsel to the Company and (8) fees and disbursements of the Accountants incurred in delivering the letter(s) described in Section 8(f) of this Agreement.  The Company shall reimburse the Placement Agents, on a fully accountable basis, for the fees and expenses of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP, counsel to the Placement Agents, in connection with the foregoing and the transactions contemplated hereby.

8.                                        Conditions of the Obligations of the Placement Agents .  The obligations of the Placement Agents hereunder are subject to the following conditions:

(a)           (i) No stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement shall have been issued, and no proceedings for that purpose shall be pending or threatened by any securities or other governmental authority (including, without limitation, the Commission), (ii) no order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or the qualification or registration of the Shares under the securities or Blue Sky laws of any jurisdiction shall be in effect and no proceeding for such purpose shall be pending before, or threatened or contemplated by, any securities or other governmental authority (including, without limitation, the Commission), (iii) any request for additional information on the part of the staff of any securities or other governmental authority (including, without limitation, the Commission) shall have been complied with to the satisfaction of the staff of the Commission

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or such authorities and (iv) after the date hereof no amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or the Prospectus shall have been filed unless a copy thereof was first submitted to the Placement Agents and the Placement Agents did not object thereto in good faith, and the Placement Agents shall have received certificates of the Company and IBG LLC, dated the Closing Date and signed by the President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company and IBG LLC, and the Chief Financial Officer of the Company and IBG LLC, to the effect of clauses (i), (ii) and (iii).

(b)           Since the respective dates as of which information is given in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, (i) there shall not have been a Material Adverse Change, whether or not arising from transactions in the ordinary course of business, in each case other than as set forth in or contemplated by the Registration Statement and the Prospectus and (ii) neither the Company nor IBG LLC shall have sustained any material loss or interference with its business or properties from fire, explosion, flood or other casualty, whether or not covered by insurance, or from any labor dispute or any court or legislative or other governmental action, order or decree, which is not set forth in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, if in the reasonable judgment of the Placement Agents any such development makes it impracticable or inadvisable to consummate the sale and delivery of the Shares to Investors as contemplated hereby.

(c)           Since the respective dates as of which information is given in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, there shall have been no litigation or other proceeding instituted against the Company or IBG LLC or any of their officers or directors in their capacities as such, before or by any Federal, state or local court, commission, regulatory body, administrative agency or other governmental body, domestic or foreign, which litigation or proceeding, in the reasonable judgment of the Placement Agents, would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

(d)           Each of the representations and warranties of the Company, IBG LLC and Mr. Peterffy contained herein shall be true and correct at the Closing Date in all respects for those representations and warranties qualified by materiality and in all material respects for those representations and warranties that are not qualified by materiality, as if made on such date, and all covenants and agreements herein contained to be performed on the part of the Company, IBG LLC and Mr. Peterffy and all conditions herein contained to be fulfilled or complied with by the Company, IBG LLC and Mr. Peterffy at or prior to the Closing Date shall have been duly performed, fulfilled or complied with in all material respects.

(e)           The Placement Agents shall have received an opinion, dated the Closing Date (or such other date as may be set forth in a representation or warranty), of Dechert LLP, as counsel to the Company, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Placement Agents, with respect to the matters set forth in Exhibit B hereto.

(f)            The Placement Agents shall have received an opinion, dated the Closing Date (or such other date as may be set forth in a representation or warranty), of Day Pitney LLP, special Connecticut counsel to the Company, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Placement Agents, with respect to the matters set forth in Exhibit C hereto.

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(g)           The Placement Agents shall have received an opinion, dated the Closing Date (or such other date as may be set forth in a representation or warranty), of Nick & Ineichen, as special Swiss counsel to the Company, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Placement Agents, with respect to the matters set forth in Exhibit D hereto.

(h)           The Placement Agents shall have received an opinion, dated the Closing Date (or such other date as may be set forth in a representation or warranty), of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP, as counsel to the Placement Agents, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Placement Agents.

(i)            At the Closing Date, the Accountants shall have furnished to the Placement Agents a letter, dated the date of its delivery (the “Comfort Letter”), addressed to the Placement Agents and in form and substance satisfactory to the Placement Agents, confirming that (i) they are independent public accountants with respect to the Company within the meaning of the Act and the Rules and Regulations; (ii) in their opinion, the financial statements and any supplementary financial information included in the Registration Statement and examined by them comply as to form in all material respects with the applicable accounting requirements of the Act and the Rules and Regulations; (iii) on the basis of procedures, not constituting an examination in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards, set forth in detail in the Comfort Letter, a reading of the latest available interim financial statements of the Company, inspections of the minute books of the Company since the latest audited financial statements included in the Prospectus, inquiries of officials of the Company responsible for financial and accounting matters and such other inquiries and procedures as may be specified in the Comfort Letter to a date not more than five days prior to the date of the Comfort Letter, nothing came to their attention that caused them to believe that:  (A) as of a specified date not more than five days prior to the date of the Comfort Letter, there have been any changes in the capital stock of the Company or any increase in the long-term debt of the Company, or any decreases in net current assets or net assets or other items specified by the Placement Agents, or any increases in any items specified by the Placement Agents, in each case as compared with amounts shown in the latest balance sheet included in the Prospectus, except in each case for changes, increases or decreases which the Prospectus discloses have occurred or may occur or which are described in the Comfort Letter; and (B) for the period from the date of the latest financial statements included in the Prospectus to the specified date referred to in Clause (A), there were any decreases in revenues or the total or per share amounts of net income or other items specified by the Placement Agents, or any increases in any items specified by the Placement Agents, in each case as compared with the comparable period of the preceding year and with any other period of corresponding length specified by the Placement Agents, except in each case for decreases or increases which the Prospectus discloses have occurred or may occur or which are described in the Comfort Letter; (iv) in addition to the examination referred to in their reports included in the Prospectus and the procedures referred to in clause (iii) above, they have carried out certain specified procedures, not constituting an examination in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards, with respect to certain amounts, percentages and financial information specified by the Placement Agents, which are derived from the general accounting, financial or other records of the Company, as the case may be, which appear in the Prospectus or in Part II of, or in exhibits or schedules to, the Registration Statement, and have compared such amounts, percentages and financial information with such accounting, financial and other records and have found them to be in agreement and (v) on the basis of a reading of

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the unaudited pro forma financial statements included in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus (the “pro forma financial statements”), carrying out certain specified procedures, inquiries of certain officials of the Company who have responsibility for financial and accounting matters; and proving the arithmetic accuracy of the application of the pro forma adjustments to the historical amounts in the pro forma financial statements, nothing came to their attention which caused them to believe that the pro forma financial statements do not comply as to form in all material respects with the applicable accounting requirements of Rule 11-02 of Regulation S-X or that the pro forma adjustments have not been properly applied to the historical amounts in the compilation of such statements.

(j)            At the Closing Date, there shall be furnished to the Placement Agents a certificate, dated the date of its delivery, signed by each of the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer of the Company, IBG LLC and Mr. Peterffy, signing on his own behalf, in form and substance satisfactory to the Placement Agents to the effect that each signer has carefully examined the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the Pricing Disclosure Materials, and that to each of such person’s knowledge:

(i)            (A) As of the date of such certificate, (x) the Registration Statement does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein not misleading and (y) neither the Prospectus nor the Pricing Disclosure Materials contains any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading and (B) no event has occurred as a result of which it is necessary to amend or supplement the Prospectus in order to make the statements therein not untrue or misleading in any material respect.

(ii)           Each of the representations and warranties of the Company and IBG LLC contained in this Agreement were, when originally made, and are, at the time such certificate is delivered, true and correct in all material respects.

(iii)          Each of the covenants required herein to be performed by the Company, IBG LLC and Mr. Peterffy on or prior to the date of such certificate has been duly, timely and fully performed and each condition herein required to be complied with by the Company , IBG LLC and Mr. Peterffy on or prior to the delivery of such certificate has been duly, timely and fully complied with.

(iv)          No stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or of any part thereof has been issued and no proceedings for that purpose have been instituted or are contemplated by the Commission.

(v)           Subsequent to the date of the most recent financial statements in the Prospectus, there has been no Material Adverse Change.

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(k)           The Shares shall be qualified for sale in such states as the Placement Agents may reasonably request (subject to Section 5(l)), and each such qualification shall be in effect and not subject to any stop order or other proceeding on the Closing Date.

(l)            The Company, IBG LLC and Mr. Peterffy shall have furnished or caused to be furnished to the Placement Agents such certificates, in addition to those specifically mentioned herein, as the Placement Agents may have reasonably requested as to the accuracy and completeness at the Closing Date of any statement in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, as to the accuracy at the Closing Date of the representations and warranties of the Company, IBG LLC and Mr. Peterffy as to the performance by the Company, IBG LLC and Mr. Peterffy of their obligations hereunder, or as to the fulfillment of the conditions concurrent and precedent to the obligations hereunder of the Placement Agents.

(m)          The Placement Agents shall have received the letters referred to in Section 4(rr) hereof substantially in the form of Exhibit A.

(n)           As of the Closing Date, all the Reorganization Transactions, as contemplated by the Reorganization Agreements, shall have been consummated.

(o)           Each of the Reorganization Agreements is in full force and effect, and there shall have been no material amendments, alterations, modifications or waivers of any provisions thereof since the date of this Agreement.

(p)           The Shares have been approved for quotation upon notice of issuance on the NASDAQ Global Select Market.

9.             Indemnification .

(a)           The Company, IBG LLC and Mr. Peterffy shall, jointly and severally, indemnify and hold harmless each Placement Agent, its directors, officers, employees and agents and each person, if any, who controls any Placement Agent within the meaning of Section 15 of the Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act, from and against any and all losses, claims, liabilities, expenses and damages, joint or several, (including any and all investigative, legal and other expenses reasonably incurred in connection with, and any amount paid in settlement of, any action, suit or proceeding or any claim asserted), to which it, or any of them, may become subject under the Act or other Federal or state statutory law or regulation, at common law or otherwise, insofar as such losses, claims, liabilities, expenses or damages arise out of or are based on (i) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement made by the Company, IBG LLC or Mr. Peterffy in Section 4 of this Agreement, (ii) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of any material fact contained in (A) any Preliminary Prospectus, the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto, (B) any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto, (C) any Permitted Issuer Information used or referred to in any “free writing prospectus” (as defined in Rule 405) by any Placement Agents or (D) any application or other document, or any amendment or supplement thereto, executed by the Company, IBG LLC or Mr. Peterffy based upon written information furnished by or on behalf of the Company, IBG LLC or Mr. Peterffy filed in any jurisdiction in order to qualify the Shares under the securities or Blue Sky laws thereof or filed

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with the Commission or any securities association or securities exchange (each, an “Application”), or (iii) the omission or alleged omission to state in any Preliminary Prospectus, the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto, or in any Permitted Issuer Information or any Application a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances in which they were made, not misleading; provided , however , that the Company, IBG LLC and Mr. Peterffy will not be liable to the extent that such loss, claim, liability, expense or damage arises from the sale of the Shares in the public offering to any person and is based solely on an untrue statement or omission or alleged untrue statement or omission made in reliance on and in conformity with information relating to a Placement Agent furnished in writing to the Company by such Placement Agent expressly for inclusion in the Registration Statement, any Preliminary Prospectus, the Prospectus, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or in any amendment or supplement thereto or in any Permitted Issuer Information or any Application; and provided further, that such indemnity with respect to any Preliminary Prospectus shall not inure to the benefit of any Placement Agent (or any person controlling such Placement Agent) from whom the person asserting any such loss, claim, damage, liability or action purchased Shares which are the subject thereof to the extent that any such loss, claim, damage or liability results from the fact that such Placement Agent failed to send or give a copy of the Prospectus (as amended or supplemented) to such person at or prior to the confirmation of the sale of such Shares to such person in any case where such delivery is required by the Act.  This indemnity agreement will be in addition to any liability which the Company, IBG LLC and Mr. Peterffy may otherwise have.

(b)           Without limitation of and in addition to its obligations under the other paragraphs of this Section 9, each of the Company, IBG LLC and Mr. Peterffy agrees to indemnify, defend and hold harmless the QIU, its directors, officers, employees and agents and each person who controls the QIU within the meaning of Section 15 of the Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act, from and against any and all losses, claims, liabilities, expenses and damages, joint or several, (including any and all investigative, legal and other expenses reasonably incurred in connection with, and any amount paid in settlement of, any action, suit or proceeding or any claim asserted), which the QIU or any such person may incur, insofar as such loss, claim, liability, expense or damage arises out of or is based upon the QIU’s acting as a “qualified independent underwriter” (within the meaning of NASD Conduct Rule 2720) in connection with the offering contemplated by this Agreement, and each of the Company, IBG LLC and Mr. Peterffy agrees to reimburse each such indemnified party, as incurred, for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by it in connection with investigating or defending any such loss, damage, expense, liability or claim.  Sections 9(d)  and 9(e) shall apply equally to any action brought against the QIU or any such person in respect of which indemnity may be sought against the Company, IBG LLC and Mr. Peterffy pursuant to the immediately preceding sentence, except that the Company, IBG LLC and Mr. Peterffy shall be liable for the expenses of one separate counsel (in addition to any local counsel) for the QIU, separate and in addition to counsel for the persons who may seek indemnification pursuant to Section 9(a), in any such action.

(c)           The Placement Agents, severally and not jointly, will indemnify and hold harmless the Company, IBG LLC and Mr. Peterffy, each person, if any, who controls the Company, IBG LLC and Mr. Peterffy within the meaning of Section 15 of the Act or

 

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Section 20 of the Exchange Act, each director of the Company and each officer of the Company who signs the Registration Statement to the same extent as the foregoing indemnity from the Company, IBG LLC and Mr. Peterffy to the Placement Agents, but only insofar as losses, claims, liabilities, expenses or damages arise out of or are based on any untrue statement or omission or alleged untrue statement or omission made in reliance on and in conformity with information relating to the Placement Agents furnished in writing to the Company by the Placement Agents expressly for use in the Registration Statement, any Preliminary Prospectus, the Prospectus or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus.  This indemnity agreement will be in addition to any liability that the Placement Agents might otherwise have.  The Company, IBG LLC and Mr. Peterffy acknowledge that, for all purposes under this Agreement, the statements set forth in the “Plan of Distribution” section under the subsections entitled “The OpenIPO Auction Process,” “Determination of Initial Public Offering Price,” “Allocation of Shares,” “Requirements for Valid Bids,” “Short Sales, Stabilizing Transactions and Penalty Bids,” “Indemnity,” “Foreign Jurisdictions” and “Qualified Independent Underwriter,” as well as the first paragraph under the subsection entitled “Placement Agent Fees and Concessions,” the first, second, third, fifth and sixth paragraphs under the subsection entitled “The Closing of the Auction and the Allocation of Shares” and the third paragraph under the subsection entitled “Lock-Up Agreements” in any Preliminary Prospectus and the Prospectus constitute the only information relating to the Placement Agents furnished in writing to the Company by the Placement Agents expressly for inclusion in the Registration Statement, any Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus.

(d)           Any party that proposes to assert the right to be indemnified under this Section 9 will, promptly after receipt of notice of commencement of any action against such party in respect of which a claim is to be made against an indemnifying party or parties under this Section 9, notify each such indemnifying party of the commencement of such action, enclosing a copy of all papers served, but the omission so to notify such indemnifying party will not relieve it from any liability that it may have to any indemnified party under the foregoing provisions of this Section 9 unless, and only to the extent that, such omission results in the forfeiture of substantive rights or defenses by the indemnifying party.  If any such action is brought against any indemnified party and it notifies the indemnifying party of its commencement, the indemnifying party will be entitled to participate in and, to the extent that it elects by delivering written notice to the indemnified party promptly after receiving notice of the commencement of the action from the indemnified party, jointly with any other indemnifying party similarly notified, to assume the defense of the action, with counsel reasonably satisfactory to the indemnified party, and after notice from the indemnifying party to the indemnified party of its election to assume the defense, the indemnifying party will not be liable to the indemnified party for any legal or other expenses except as provided below and except for the reasonable costs of investigation subsequently incurred by the indemnified party in connection with the defense.  The indemnified party will have the right to employ its own counsel in any such action, but the fees, expenses and other charges of such counsel will be at the expense of such indemnified party unless (1) the employment of counsel by the indemnified party has been authorized in writing by the indemnifying party, (2) the indemnified party has reasonably concluded (based on advice of counsel) that a conflict exists (based on advice of counsel to the indemnified party) between the indemnified party and the indemnifying party that would prevent the counsel selected by the indemnifying party from representing the indemnified party (in which case the indemnifying party will not have the right to direct the

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defense of such action on behalf of the indemnified party) or (3) the indemnifying party has not in fact employed counsel to assume the defense of such action within a reasonable time after receiving notice of the commencement of the action, in each of which cases the reasonable fees, disbursements and other charges of counsel will be at the expense of the indemnifying party or parties.  Except as provided in Section 9(b), it is understood that the indemnifying party or parties shall not, in connection with any proceeding or related proceedings in the same jurisdiction, be liable for the reasonable fees, disbursements and other charges of more than one separate firm admitted to practice in such jurisdiction at any one time for all such indemnified party or parties.  All such fees, disbursements and other charges will be reimbursed by the indemnifying party promptly as they are incurred.  The Company and IBG LLC will not, without the prior written consent of the Placement Agents (which consent will not be unreasonably withheld), settle or compromise or consent to the entry of any judgment in any pending or threatened claim, action, suit or proceeding in respect of which indemnification has been sought hereunder (whether or not the Placement Agents or any person who controls the Placement Agents within the meaning of Section 15 of the Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act is a party to such claim, action, suit or proceeding), unless such settlement, compromise or consent includes an unconditional release of the Placement Agents and each such controlling person from all liability arising out of such claim, action, suit or proceeding.  An indemnifying party will not be liable for any settlement of any action or claim effected without its written consent (which consent will not be unreasonably withheld).

(e)           In order to provide for just and equitable contribution in circumstances in which the indemnification provided for in the foregoing paragraphs of this Section 9 is applicable in accordance with its terms but for any reason is held to be unavailable from the Company, IBG LLC, Mr. Peterffy or the Placement Agents, the Company, IBG LLC, Mr. Peterffy and the Placement Agents will contribute to the total losses, claims, liabilities, expenses and damages (including any investigative, legal and other expenses reasonably incurred in connection with, and any amount paid in settlement of, any action, suit or proceeding or any claim asserted, but after deducting any contribution received by the Company, Mr. Peterffy or IBG LLC from persons other than the Placement Agents such as persons who control the Company, Mr. Peterffy or IBG LLC within the meaning of the Act or the Exchange Act, officers of the Company who signed the Registration Statement and directors of the Company, who also may be liable for contribution) to which the Company, IBG LLC, Mr. Peterffy and the Placement Agents may be subject in such proportion as shall be appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the Company, Mr. Peterffy IBG LLC, on the one hand and the Placement Agents on the other.  The relative benefits received by the Company, Mr. Peterffy and IBG LLC, on the one hand and the Placement Agents on the other shall be deemed to be in the same proportion as the total net proceeds from the offering (before deducting Company expenses) received by the Company as set forth in the table on the cover page of the Prospectus bear to the fee received by the Placement Agents hereunder. The relative benefits received by the QIU in its capacity as “qualified independent underwriter” (within the meaning of NASD Conduct Rule 2720) shall be deemed to be equal to the compensation received by the QIU for acting in such capacity. If, but only if, the allocation provided by the foregoing sentence is not permitted by applicable law, the allocation of contribution shall be made in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only the relative benefits referred to in the foregoing sentence but also the relative fault of the Company, Mr. Peterffy and IBG LLC, on the one hand, and the Placement Agents on the other, with respect to the statements or

 

25




 

omissions which resulted in such loss, claim, liability, expense or damage, or action in respect thereof, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations with respect to such offering.  Such relative fault shall be determined by reference to whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by the Company, IBG LLC, Mr. Peterffy or the Placement Agents, the intent of the parties and their relative knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission.  The Company, IBG LLC, Mr. Peterffy and the Placement Agents agree that it would not be just and equitable if contributions pursuant to this Section 9(e) were to be determined by pro rata allocation or by any other method of allocation which does not take into account the equitable considerations referred to herein.  The amount paid or payable by an indemnified party as a result of the loss, claim, liability, expense or damage, or action in respect thereof, referred to above in this Section 9(e) shall be deemed to include, for purpose of this Section 9(e), any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified party in connection with investigating or defending any such action or claim.  Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 9(e), the Placement Agents shall not be required to contribute any amount in excess of the fee received by it, and no person found guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Act) will be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation.  For purposes of this Section 9(e), any person who controls a party to this Agreement within the meaning of the Act or the Exchange Act will have the same rights to contribution as that party, and each officer of the Company who signed the Registration Statement will have the same rights to contribution as the Company, Mr. Peterffy, IBG LLC, subject in each case to the provisions hereof.  Any party entitled to contribution, promptly after receipt of notice of commencement of any action against such party in respect of which a claim for contribution may be made under this Section 9(e), will notify any such party or parties from whom contribution may be sought, but the omission so to notify will not relieve the party or parties from whom contribution may be sought from any other obligation it or they may have under this Section 9(e).  No party will be liable for contribution with respect to any action or claim settled without its written consent (which consent will not be unreasonably withheld).

10.           Termination .

(a)           The obligations of the Placement Agents under this Agreement may be terminated at any time prior to the Closing Date, by notice to the Company from the Placement Agents, without liability on the part of the Placement Agents to the Company, Mr. Peterffy or IBG LLC if, prior to delivery and payment for the Shares, in the sole judgment of the Placement Agents (i) trading in the Common Stock of the Company shall have been suspended by the Commission or by the NASDAQ Global Select Market, (ii) trading in securities generally on the NASDAQ Global Select Market shall have been suspended or limited or minimum or maximum prices shall have been generally established on any of such systems, or additional material governmental restrictions, not in force on the date of this Agreement, shall have been imposed upon trading in securities generally by any of such systems or by order of the Commission or any court or other governmental authority, (iii) a general banking moratorium shall have been declared by Federal or New York State authorities, or (iv) any material adverse change in the financial or securities markets in the United States or any outbreak or material escalation of hostilities or declaration by the United States of a national emergency or war or other calamity or crisis shall have occurred, the effect

26




 

of any of which is such as to make it, in the sole judgment of the Placement Agents, impracticable or inadvisable to market the Shares on the terms and in the manner contemplated by the Prospectus.

(b)           If this Agreement shall be terminated pursuant to any of the provisions hereof, or if the sale of the Shares provided for herein is not consummated because any condition to the obligations of the Placement Agents set forth herein is not satisfied or because of any refusal, inability or failure on the part of the Company, Mr. Peterffy or IBG LLC to perform any agreement herein or comply with any provision hereof, the Company will, subject to demand by the Placement Agents, reimburse the Placement Agents for all out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection herewith.

11.           Notices .  Notice given pursuant to any of the provisions of this Agreement shall be in writing and, unless otherwise specified, shall be mailed or delivered (a) if to the Company, at the office of the Company, IBG LLC or Mr. Peterffy, One Pickwick Plaza, Greenwich, Connecticut 06830, Attention: Thomas Peterffy, with copies to Dechert LLP, 30 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, New York 10112, Attention:  Adam M. Fox, Esq., or (b) if to the Placement Agents, at the office of W.R. Hambrecht + Co., LLC, 539 Bryant Street, San Francisco, CA 94107, Attention:  Harrison Clay, with copies to Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP, Four Times Square, New York, New York 10036, Attention:  Gregory A. Fernicola, Esq.  Any such notice shall be effective only upon receipt.  Any notice under Section 9 may be made by facsimile or telephone, but if so made shall be subsequently confirmed in writing.

12.           Survival .  The respective representations, warranties, agreements, covenants, indemnities and other statements of the Company, IBG LLC, Mr. Peterffy and the Placement Agents set forth in this Agreement or made by or on behalf of them, respectively, pursuant to this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect, regardless of (i) any investigation made by or on behalf of the Company, IBG LLC, any of their officers or directors, the Placement Agents or any controlling person referred to in Section 9 hereof and (ii) delivery of and payment for the Shares.  The respective agreements, covenants, indemnities and other statements set forth in Sections 7 and 9 hereof shall remain in full force and effect, regardless of any termination or cancellation of this Agreement.

13.           Successors .  This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and shall be binding upon the Placement Agents, the Company, IBG LLC, Mr. Peterffy and their respective successors and legal representatives, and nothing expressed or mentioned in this Agreement is intended or shall be construed to give any other person any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under or in respect of this Agreement, or any provisions herein contained, this Agreement and all conditions and provisions hereof being intended to be and being for the sole and exclusive benefit of such persons and for the benefit of no other person except that (i) the indemnification and contribution contained in Sections 9(a) and (d) of this Agreement shall also be for the benefit of the directors, officers, employees and agents of the Placement Agents and any person or persons who control the Placement Agents within the meaning of Section 15 of the Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act and (ii) the indemnification and contribution contained in Sections 9(b) and (d) of this Agreement shall also be for the benefit of the directors of the Company, the officers of the Company who have signed the Registration

27




 

Statement and any person or persons who control the Company or IBG LLC within the meaning of Section 15 of the Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act.  No Investor shall be deemed a successor because of such purchase.

14.           Applicable Law .  The validity and interpretations of this Agreement, and the terms and conditions set forth herein, shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York, without giving effect to any provisions relating to conflicts of laws.

15.           Counterparts .  This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument.

16.           Entire Agreement .  This Agreement constitutes the entire understanding between the parties hereto as to the matters covered hereby and supersedes all prior understandings, written or oral, relating to such subject matter.

28




 

Please confirm that the foregoing correctly sets forth the agreement among the Company, IBG LLC, Mr. Peterffy and the Placement Agents.

 

 

Very truly yours,

 

 

 

 

 

INTERACTIVE BROKERS GROUP, INC.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Thomas Peterffy

 

 

 

Name: Thomas Peterffy

 

 

Title: Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and

 

 

President

 

 

 

 

 

IBG LLC

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Thomas Peterffy

 

 

 

Name: Thomas Peterffy

 

 

Title: Managing Member

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

THOMAS PETERFFY

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Thomas Peterffy

 

Confirmed as of the date first

 

 

above mentioned:

 

 

 

 

 

W.R. HAMBRECHT + CO.,LLC

 

 

HSBC SECURITIES (USA) INC.

 

 

FOX-PITT, KELTON INCORPORATED

 

 

SANDLER O’NEILL & PARTNERS, L.P.

 

 

E*TRADE SECURITIES LLC

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By: W.R. HAMBRECHT + CO., LLC

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ William R. Hambrecht

 

 

 

Name: William R. Hambrecht

 

 

Title: Chairman and Co-CEO

 

 

 



Exhibit 10.1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

AMENDED AND RESTATED

OPERATING AGREEMENT OF

IBG LLC

 

Dated as of May 3, 2007

 

 

 

 

 




 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

Page

 

 

 

ARTICLE I.

ORGANIZATION

1

Section 1.1

Formation

1

Section 1.2

Company Name

1

Section 1.3

Purpose

1

Section 1.4

Principal Place of Business

1

Section 1.5

Term

1

Section 1.6

Filings; Agent for Service of Process

2

Section 1.7

Definitions

2

ARTICLE II.

CAPITAL

6

Section 2.1

Initial Capital

6

Section 2.2

Other Matters

6

ARTICLE III.

ALLOCATIONS

6

Section 3.1

Profits and Losses

6

Section 3.2

Other Allocation Rules

6

Section 3.3

Allocations of Taxable Income or Loss

7

ARTICLE IV.

DISTRIBUTIONS

7

Section 4.1

Net Cash Flow

7

Section 4.2

Tax Priority Distributions

7

Section 4.3

Manner of Distributions

7

ARTICLE V.

MANAGEMENT

8

Section 5.1

Authority of the Managing Member

8

Section 5.2

Right to Rely upon Managing Member

9

Section 5.3

Restrictions on Authority of Managing Member

10

Section 5.4

Duties and Obligations of the Managing Member

10

Section 5.5

Compensation and Expenses

11

Section 5.6

Signatures; Power of Attorney

11

ARTICLE VI.

RECORDS AND ACCOUNTING

11

Section 6.1

Records and Accounting

11

Section 6.2

Tax Information

12

Section 6.3

Tax Returns

12

 

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Section 6.4

Accounting Decisions

12

Section 6.5

Tax Elections

12

Section 6.6

Fiscal Year

12

Section 6.7

Tax Matters

12

ARTICLE VII.

AMENDMENTS; MEETINGS; VOTING

12

Section 7.1

Amendment

12

Section 7.2

Amendment to Articles of Organization

12

Section 7.3

Meetings of Members

13

Section 7.4

Proxy of Member

13

Section 7.5

Consent or Voting

13

ARTICLE VIII.

PROVISIONS RELATING TO MEMBERS

13

Section 8.1

Investment Representation

13

Section 8.2

Restrictions on Member’s Transfer of an Interest

13

Section 8.3

Documentation Regarding Interests

14

Section 8.4

Interests and Shares

14

ARTICLE IX.

MANAGING MEMBER

14

Section 9.1

Appointment of Managing Member

14

Section 9.2

Permitted Transfers

14

Section 9.3

Resignation of Managing Member

14

Section 9.4

Successor Managing Member

15

Section 9.5

Rights of Resigned Managing Member

15

ARTICLE X.

ADMISSION AND WITHDRAWAL OF MEMBERS

15

Section 10.1

Admission

15

Section 10.2

Withdrawal and Dissociation

15

ARTICLE XI.

DISSOLUTION AND LIQUIDATION

15

Section 11.1

Dissolution

15

Section 11.2

Winding-Up of Affairs

16

Section 11.3

Liquidating Distributions

16

ARTICLE XII.

MISCELLANEOUS

17

Section 12.1

Notices

17

 

ii




 

Section 12.2

Binding Effect

17

Section 12.3

Construction

17

Section 12.4

Headings

17

Section 12.5

Severability

18

Section 12.6

Incorporation by Reference

18

Section 12.7

Further Action

18

Section 12.8

No Other Beneficiaries

18

Section 12.9

Variation of Pronouns

18

Section 12.10

Governing Law

18

Section 12.11

Waiver of Action for Partition

18

Section 12.12

Counterpart Execution

18

Section 12.13

Sole and Absolute Discretion

18

Section 12.14

Non-Arbitrability

18

 

iii




 

AMENDED AND RESTATED OPERATING AGREEMENT OF IBG LLC

This AMENDED AND RESTATED OPERATING AGREEMENT of IBG LLC (formerly known as Interactive Brokers Group LLC) (the “Company”) is entered into and shall be effective as of the commencement of business on the 3 rd  day of May, 2007, by and among IBG Holdings LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“IBG Holdings”), and Interactive Brokers Group, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“IBGI”), pursuant to the provisions of the Act, on the terms and conditions set forth hereinafter.

WHEREAS, the Company was originally established as The Timber Hill Group LLC, and changed its name to Interactive Brokers Group LLC on February 15, 2001 and to IBG LLC on November 20, 2006; and

WHEREAS, as a condition of the sale of Interests in the Company to IBGI and the admission of IBGI to the Company as the Managing Member, IBG Holdings and IBGI have agreed to restate the Operating Agreement of the Company as hereinafter set forth.

NOW, THEREFORE, IBGI and IBG Holdings, as the holders of all of the Interests in the Company, do hereby amend and restate the Operating Agreement of the Company in its entirety as follows:

ARTICLE I.

ORGANIZATION

Section 1.1             Formation .  The Company was established as a limited liability company and is and shall be governed by the provisions of the Act, as hereinafter defined, and upon the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement.

Section 1.2             Company Name .  The name of the Company is IBG LLC, and all business of the Company shall be conducted in such name.

Section 1.3             Purpose .  The purpose of the Company is any lawful act or activity for which limited liability companies may be formed under Sections 34-100 to 34-242, inclusive, of the Act.

Section 1.4             Principal Place of Business .  The principal place of business of the Company shall be at such place as the Managing Member may designate.  The Managing Member may change the principal place of business of the Company to any other place upon fifteen (15) days notice to the other Members.

Section 1.5             Term .  The term of the Company commenced upon the filing of the Articles of Organization as described in Section 1.6(a) and shall continue until the winding up

1




 

and liquidation of the Company, and the completion of its business following a dissolution event, as provided in Article XII hereof.

Section 1.6             Filings; Agent for Service of Process .

(a)           The Articles of Organization of the Company were filed as required by and in conformance with Section 34-121 of the Act (the “Articles of Organization”) on July 1, 1996.  The Managing Member shall further cause to be executed, filed and recorded and shall cause to be published, if required by law, such other certificates or other instruments as may be necessary or desirable under the laws of any state in which the Company does business.

(b)           The address to which the Secretary of State shall send service of process is c/o Bergman, Horowitz & Reynolds, P.C., 157 Church Street, 19th Floor, New Haven, Connecticut 06510.

(c)           Upon the dissolution and following the wind-up and liquidation of the Company, the Managing Member shall promptly execute and cause to be filed Articles of Dissolution in accordance with the Act and the laws of any other states or jurisdictions in which the Company may have filed Articles or certificates.

Section 1.7             Definitions .  Capitalized words and phrases used in this Agreement have the following meanings:

Act ” means the Connecticut Limited Liability Company Act as set forth in Title 34, Chapter 613, Sections 34-100 to 34-242, inclusive, of the Connecticut General Statutes, as amended from time to time (or any corresponding provisions of succeeding law).

Agreement ” or “ Operating Agreement ” means this Amended and Restated Operating Agreement of IBG LLC, as amended from time to time.  Words such as “herein,” “hereinafter,” “hereof,” “hereto,” and “hereunder” refer to this Agreement as a whole, unless the context otherwise requires.

Capital Contribution ” means, with respect to any Member, the amount of money and the initial Gross Asset Value of any property (other than money) contributed to the Company with respect to the Interest in the Company held by such Member pursuant to the terms of this Agreement.

Code ” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time (or any corresponding provisions of succeeding law).

Company ” means IBG LLC, a Connecticut limited liability company.

Depreciation ” means, for each fiscal year or other period, an amount equal to the depreciation, amortization, or other cost recovery deduction allowable with respect to an asset for such year or other period, except that if the Gross Asset Value of an asset differs from its

 

2




 

adjusted basis for federal income tax purposes at the beginning of such year or other period, Depreciation shall be an amount which bears the same ratio to such beginning Gross Asset Value as the federal income tax depreciation, amortization or other cost recovery deduction for such year or other period bears to such beginning adjusted tax basis; provided, however, that if the federal income tax depreciation, amortization or other cost recovery deduction for such year is zero, Depreciation shall be determined with reference to such beginning Gross Asset Value using any reasonable method selected by the Managing Member.

Exchange Agreement ” means that certain Exchange Agreement, dated as of May 3, 2007, by and among IBGI, the Company, IBG Holdings and the former members of the Company, pursuant to which, among other things provided therein, (i) the former members of the Company contributed their interests in the Company to IBG Holdings in exchange for interests therein, (ii) IBG Holdings sold to IBGI a portion of IBG Holdings’ interests in the Company, (iii) the IBG Holdings members were granted certain rights to have their interests redeemed by IBG Holdings; (iv) IBG Holdings was granted certain rights to redeem the interests of the IBG Holdings members; and (v) IBGI agreed to undertake public offerings of IBGI Common Stock and to purchase interests in the Company from IBG Holdings from time to time as specified therein.

Gross Asset Value ” means, with respect to any asset, the asset’s adjusted basis for federal income tax purposes, except as follows:

(i)            The initial Gross Asset Value of any asset contributed by a Member to the Company shall be the gross fair market value of such asset, as determined by the Company;

(ii)           The Gross Asset Values of all Company assets shall be adjusted to equal their respective gross fair market values, as determined by the Managing Member, as of the following times:  (a) the acquisition of an additional Interest in the Company by any new or existing Member in exchange for more than a de minimis Capital Contribution; (b) the distribution by the Company to a Member of more than a de minimis amount of Property as consideration for the redemption of an Interest in the Company; (c) the liquidation of the Company within the meaning of Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(g); and (d) any other circumstance when the Managing Member, in its discretion, determines that a revaluation of the Property of the Company is necessary to properly reflect the economic relationship of the Members to one another and the Company;

(iii)          The Gross Asset Value of any Company asset distributed to any Member shall be the gross fair market value of such asset on the date of distribution; and

(iv)          The Gross Asset Values of Company assets shall be increased (or decreased) to reflect any adjustments to the adjusted basis of such assets pursuant to Code Section 734(b) or Code Section 743(b), but only to the extent that such adjustments are taken into account pursuant to Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(m); provided, however, that Gross Asset Values shall not be adjusted pursuant to this clause (iv) to the extent the Managing

 

3




 

Member determines that an adjustment pursuant to clause (ii) above is necessary or appropriate in connection with a transaction that would otherwise result in an adjustment pursuant to this clause (iv).

If the Gross Asset Value of an asset has been determined or adjusted pursuant to clause (i), clause (ii) or clause (iv) of this definition, such Gross Asset Value shall thereafter be adjusted by the Depreciation taken into account with respect to such asset for purposes of computing Profits and Losses.

IBGI Common Stock ” means Class A common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of IBGI.

Interest ” means an ownership interest in the Company by a Member, including any and all benefits to which the holder of such an Interest may be entitled as provided in this Agreement, together with all obligations of such Member to comply with the terms and provisions of this Agreement.

Liquidator ” means the Managing Member or its successor or, if none, such other Person selected by a vote of the Members to conduct the winding-up of the Company and distribution of its assets following dissolution of the Company.

Managing Member ” means IBGI or a successor Managing Member appointed in accordance herewith.

Member ” means IBG Holdings and IBGI or any other Person who has become a Member pursuant to the terms of this Agreement and who has not ceased to be a Member.  “Members” means all such Members.

Net Cash Flow ” means the gross cash proceeds from Company operations and from sales or refinancings attributable to Company assets less the portion thereof used to pay or establish reserves for all Company expenses, debt payments, capital improvements, replacements and contingencies, all as reasonably determined by the Managing Member.  Net Cash Flow shall not be reduced by depreciation, amortization, cost recovery deductions or similar allowances, but shall be increased by any reductions of reserves previously established.

Person ” means any individual, partnership, corporation, trust or other entity.

Profits ” and “ Losses ” means, for each fiscal year or other period, an amount equal to the Company’s taxable income or loss for such year or period, determined in accordance with Code Section 703(a) (for this purpose, all items of income, gain, loss, or deduction required to be stated separately pursuant to Code Section 703(a)(1) shall be included in taxable income or loss), with the following adjustments:

4




 

(v)           Any income of the Company that is exempt from federal income tax and not otherwise taken into account in computing Profits or Losses shall be added to such taxable income or loss;

(vi)          Any expenditures of the Company described in Code Section 705(a)(2)(B) or treated as Code Section 705(a)(2)(B) expenditures pursuant to Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(i), and not otherwise taken into account in computing Profits or Losses, shall be subtracted from such taxable income or loss;

(vii)         In the event the Gross Asset Value of any Company asset is adjusted, the amount of such adjustment shall be taken into account as if gain or loss from the disposition of such asset for purposes of computing Profits or Losses;

(viii)        Gain or loss resulting from any disposition of Property with respect to which gain or loss is recognized for federal income tax purposes shall be computed by reference to the Gross Asset Value of the property disposed of, notwithstanding that the adjusted tax basis of such property differs from its Gross Asset Value; and

(ix)           In lieu of the depreciation, amortization, and other cost recovery deductions taken into account in computing such taxable income or loss, there shall be taken into account Depreciation for such fiscal year or other period.

Property ” means all real and personal property acquired by the Company and any improvements thereto, and shall include both tangible and intangible property.

Regulations ” means the Income Tax Regulations promulgated under the Code, as such Regulations may be amended from time to time (including corresponding provisions of succeeding regulations).

Shares ” means the units into which the Interests are divided and by reference to which votes of the Members are determined and allocations of Profits and Losses and distributions of Net Cash Flow are made.  Shares are fungible, and each Share shall have the same economic rights and exercise the same voting power as each other Share.

Tax Priority ” with respect to a holder of Shares means, with respect to each year, an amount equal to the sum of (i) the product of (A) the highest combined federal, state and local income tax rate, taking into account the federal deduction for state and local taxes, for individuals resident in New York City and (B) the amount of allocations of taxable income (exclusive of net capital gain) to the Shares of such holder with respect to such year and (ii) the product of (A) the highest combined federal, state and local income tax rate, taking into account the federal deduction for state and local taxes, on long term capital gains for individuals resident in New York City and (B) the amount of allocations of net capital gain to the Shares of such holder with respect to such year; provided that the rates used to compute the Tax Priority shall be no less than the actual combined federal, state and local income tax rates applicable to the allocable shares of income and net capital gain of the Managing Member.

5




 

Transfer ” means, as a noun, any voluntary or involuntary transfer, sale, pledge, hypothecation, or other disposition and, as a verb, voluntarily or involuntarily to transfer, sell, assign, mortgage, give, create a security interest in or lien on, encumber, place in trust (voting or otherwise), pledge, hypothecate, or otherwise dispose of.

ARTICLE II.

CAPITAL

Section 2.1             Initial Capital .  The names, addresses, Capital Contributions and number of Shares of each of the Members, including any changes thereto from time to time, shall be maintained in the records of the Company and shall be made available to any Member upon request.

Section 2.2             Other Matters .

(a)           Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, no Member shall demand or receive a return of its Capital Contributions or its entitlements with respect to its Shares, at any time, or withdraw from the Company without the consent of the Managing Member.

(b)           No Member shall be liable for the debts, liabilities, contracts or any other obligations of the Company by reason of this Agreement.  Except as otherwise provided by this Agreement any other agreements among the Members or applicable state law, no Member shall be required to make any additional Capital Contributions to the Company or lend any funds to the Company; and no Member shall have any personal liability for the repayment of any Capital Contributions of any other Member.

ARTICLE III.

ALLOCATIONS

Section 3.1             Profits and Losses .  Profits and Losses of the Company, and each item thereof, shall be allocated among the Members in accordance with the number of Shares held by each.

Section 3.2             Other Allocation Rules .

(a)           It is the intention of the Members that all allocations provided in this Agreement be made in accordance with Code Section 704(b), and Regulation Section 1.704-1; and, notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, the Managing Member may provide for the allocation of any item or items, for tax purposes or otherwise, including the allocation of any item or items to the Members as may be necessary to be consistent therewith.

(b)           In the event of a change in ownership of Shares and for purposes of determining the Profits, Losses or any other items allocable to any period, Profits, Losses and

6




 

any such other items shall be determined on a daily, monthly or other basis, as determined by the Managing Member using any permissible method under Code Section 706 and the Regulations thereunder.

Section 3.3             Allocations of Taxable Income or Loss .

(a)           Items of income, deduction, gain and loss that are recognized by the Company for federal income tax purposes shall be allocated among the Members consistent with the allocations of such items under Sections 3.1 and 3.2.  To the extent appreciation or depreciation in asset values is reflected in capital accounts prior to recognition for tax purposes, allocations shall be made in accordance with the principles and provisions of Section 704(c) of the Code.

(b)           All items of federal income tax credit and items of tax credit recapture shall be allocated among the Members in accordance with the Members’ interests in the Company as of the time the tax credit or credit recapture arises, as provided in Regulation Section 1.704-1(b)(4)(ii).

(c)           Allocations pursuant to this Section 3.3 are solely for purposes of federal, state and local taxes.  As such, they shall not affect or in any way be taken into account in computing a Member’s capital account or share of Profits or Losses or of distributions pursuant to any provision of this Agreement.

ARTICLE IV.

DISTRIBUTIONS

Section 4.1             Net Cash Flow .  Except as provided in Section 4.2, Net Cash Flow, as determined by the Managing Member, shall be distributed among the Members at such times as the Managing Member determines, in its sole discretion.

Section 4.2             Tax Priority Distributions .  Subject to the availability of Net Cash Flow, the Managing Member shall distribute to the Members on an annual basis with respect to each year amounts equal to no less than the Tax Priority with respect to their Shares for such year, such distributions to occur within 105 days following the end of such year or by such earlier date as may be necessary to enable the Managing Member to pay on a timely basis all applicable federal, state and local income taxes for such year.

Section 4.3             Manner of Distributions .  Each distribution to the Members shall be made to the holders of the Shares as reflected in registry of Shares of the Company on the record date for the distribution and in proportion to the number of Shares held by each Member.

7




 

ARTICLE V.

MANAGEMENT

Section 5.1             Authority of the Managing Member .  Subject to the provisions of Section 5.3, the Managing Member shall manage the business of the Company and shall have all of the rights and powers which may be possessed by managing members under the Act including, without limitation, the right and power to:

(a)           acquire by purchase, lease or otherwise any real or personal property which may be necessary, convenient, or incidental to the accomplishment of the purposes of the Company;

(b)           deal in any Company assets, whether real property or personal property;

(c)           operate, maintain, finance, improve, construct, own, grant options with respect to, sell, convey, assign, mortgage and lease any real estate and any personal property necessary, convenient, or incidental to the accomplishment of the purposes of the Company;

(d)           execute any and all agreements, contracts, documents, certifications, and instruments necessary or convenient in connection with the management, maintenance and operation of Property, or in connection with managing the affairs of the Company, including executing amendments to the Agreement and the Articles of Organization in accordance with the terms of the Agreement pursuant to any power of attorney granted by the Members to the Managing Member;

(e)           borrow money and issue evidences of indebtedness necessary, convenient or incidental to the accomplishment of the purposes of the Company, and secure the same by mortgage, pledge, or other lien on any Property;

(f)            execute, in furtherance of any or all of the purposes of the Company, any deed, lease, mortgage, deed of trust, mortgage note, promissory note, bill of sale, contract or other instrument purporting to convey or encumber any or all of the Property;

(g)           prepay in whole or in part, refinance, recast increase, modify or extend any liabilities affecting the Property and in connection therewith execute any extensions or renewals of encumbrances on any or all of the Property;

(h)           care for and distribute funds to the Members by way of cash, income, return of capital or otherwise, all in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement; and perform all matters in furtherance of the objectives of the Company or this Agreement

(i)            appoint officers and agents of the Company and delegate to such Persons authority granted to the Managing Member hereunder;

8




 

(j)            contract on behalf of the Company for the employment and services of employees and/or independent contractors, such as lawyers, accountants, and Members, and delegate to such Persons the duty to manage or supervise any of the assets or operations of the Company, and enter into agreements with respect to their activities on behalf of the Company;

(k)           engage in any kind of activity and perform and carry out contracts of any kind (including contracts of insurance covering risks to Property and Managing Member’s liability) necessary or incidental to, or in connection with, the accomplishment of the purposes of the Company, as may be lawfully carried on or performed by a limited liability company under the laws of each state in which the Company is then formed or qualified;

(l)            vote securities held by the Company;

(m)          make any and all elections for federal, state and local tax purposes including, without limitation, any election, if permitted by applicable law:  (i) to adjust the basis of Property pursuant to Code Sections 754, 734(b), and 743(b), or comparable provisions of state or local law, in connection with transfers of Interests and Company distributions; (ii) to extend the statute of limitations for assessment of tax deficiencies against the Members with respect to adjustments to the Company’s federal, state, or local’ tax returns; and (iii) to represent the Company and the Members before taxing authorities or courts of competent jurisdiction in tax matters affecting the Company and the Members in their capacities as Members and to execute any agreements or other documents relating to or affecting such tax matters, including agreements or other documents that bind the Members with respect to such tax matters or otherwise affect the rights of the Company or the Members;

(n)           take, or refrain from taking, all actions, not expressly proscribed or limited by this Agreement as may be necessary or appropriate to accomplish the purposes of the Company;

(o)           institute, prosecute, defend, settle, compromise, and dismiss lawsuits or other judicial or administrative proceedings brought on or in behalf of, or against the Company or the Members in connection with activities arising out of, connected with, or incidental to this Agreement, and to engage counsel or others in connection therewith; and

(p)           acquire and enter into any contract of insurance which the Managing Member reasonably deems necessary and proper for the protection of the Company, for the conservation of any asset of the Company, or for any purpose beneficial to the Company.

Section 5.2             Right to Rely upon Managing Member .  Any Person dealing with the Company may rely (without duty of further inquiry) upon a certificate signed by the Managing Member as to:

(a)           the identity of the Managing Member or any other Member;

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(b)           the existence or nonexistence of any fact or facts which constitute a condition precedent to acts by the Managing Member or which are in any other manner germane to the affairs of the Company;

(c)           the Members who are authorized to execute and deliver any instrument or document of the Company; or

(d)           any act or failure to act by the Company or any other matter whatsoever involving the Company or any Member.

Section 5.3             Restrictions on Authority of Managing Member .  Except with the prior written consent of all of the Members, the Managing Member shall not have the authority to:

(a)           do any act in contravention of this Agreement;

(b)           knowingly perform any act that would subject any Member to personal liability for debts or obligations of the Company in any jurisdiction;

(c)           engage in any activity which substantially changes the nature of the Company’s business;

(d)           sell all or a substantial portion of the Property of the Company;

(e)           merge or consolidate the Company with or into another entity;

(f)            convert the Company, by whatever means, into a corporation or another form of business entity; or

(g)           dissolve or liquidate the Company.

Section 5.4             Duties and Obligations of the Managing Member .  The Managing Member shall:

(a)           take all actions which may be necessary or appropriate (i) for the continuation of the Company’s valid existence as a limited liability company under the laws of the State of Connecticut (and of each other jurisdiction in which such existence is necessary to protect the limited liability of the Members or to enable the Company to conduct the business in which it is engaged) and (ii) for the accomplishment of the Company’s purposes, including the acquisition, development maintenance, preservation and operation of Property in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement and applicable laws and regulations;

(b)           devote to the Company such time as may be necessary for the proper performance of all duties hereunder in the discretion of the Managing Member;

10




 

(c)           be under a fiduciary duty to conduct the affairs of the Company in the best interests of the Company and of the Members, including the safekeeping and use of all of the Property and the use thereof for the exclusive benefit of the Company;

(d)           use its reasonable efforts to cause the Company to be formed, reformed, qualified or registered under assumed or fictitious name statutes or similar laws in any state or country in which the Company owns property or transacts business if such formation, reformation, qualification or registration is necessary in order to protect the limited liability of the Members or to permit the Company lawfully to own property or transact business; and

(e)           manage and control the affairs of the Company and in doing so use its reasonable efforts to carry out the purpose of the Company for the benefit of all of the Members and in exercising its powers, recognize its fiduciary responsibility to the Company.

Section 5.5             Compensation and Expenses .

(a)           No Member shall receive any salary, fee or draw for services rendered to or on behalf of the Company, except as the Managing Member shall determine.

(b)           The Managing Member may charge the Company for expenses reasonably incurred in connection with the Company’s business and operations.  For avoidance of doubt, the Members acknowledge that IBGI has been formed to provide access by the Company to the capital markets and IBG Holdings has been formed to assure a continuity in management of the Company during the transition to public ownership through IBGI.  The Members acknowledge and agree that the expenses of operation and maintenance of IBGI and IBG Holdings shall be borne by the Company as an expense of operations pursuant hereto.

Section 5.6             Signatures; Power of Attorney .  Subject to the limitations imposed by Section 5.1, the signature of the Managing Member shall be necessary and sufficient to convey title to any real property owned by the Company or to execute any promissory notes, trust deeds, mortgages or other instruments of hypothecation.  All of the Members agree that a copy of appropriate provisions of this Agreement may be shown to the appropriate parties in order to confirm the same, and further agree that the signature of the Managing Member shall be sufficient to execute any documents necessary to effectuate this or any other provision of this Agreement.  All of the Members do hereby appoint the Managing Member as their attorney-in-fact for the execution of any or all of the documents described herein.

ARTICLE VI.

RECORDS AND ACCOUNTING

Section 6.1             Records and Accounting .  Proper and complete records and books of account of the business of the Company shall be maintained at the Company’s principal place of business.  All books and records of the Company shall be kept in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in the United States (U.S. “GAAP”).

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Section 6.2             Tax Information .  Prior to the day on which the Company’s tax return for such fiscal year is filed, the Managing Member shall cause to be delivered to each Person who was a Member at any time during such fiscal year all information necessary for the preparation of such Member’s federal income tax return, including a statement showing such Member’s distributive share of the Company’s income, gains, losses, deductions, credits and tax preferences for the taxable year of the Company ending within or with its taxable year for federal income tax purposes, and the amount of any distribution made to or for the account of such Member pursuant to this Agreement; provided, however, that within ninety (90) days after the end of each fiscal year, the Managing Member shall cause to be delivered to each such Person an estimate of all such information.

Section 6.3             Tax Returns .  The Managing Member shall cause all required federal and state and local information returns for the Company to be prepared and timely filed with the appropriate authorities.

Section 6.4             Accounting Decisions .  All decisions as to accounting principles used for financial reporting and tax accounting purposes shall be made by the Managing Member on a basis that is acceptable to the Company’s accountants notwithstanding any other provisions to the contrary contained in this Agreement.

Section 6.5             Tax Elections .  The Managing Member may, from time to time, make the tax elections it deems necessary, in its sole discretion to carry out the business of the Company or the purposes of this Agreement.  However, the Managing Member shall cause the Company to elect, pursuant to Code Section 754 of the Code, to adjust the basis of Company property upon the transfer of an Interest or distribution of property as provided by the Code.

Section 6.6             Fiscal Year .  The fiscal year of the Company shall be the calendar year.

Section 6.7             Tax Matters .  The Managing member shall act for the Company as “tax matters partner” for purposes of Section 6231(a)(7) of the Code.

ARTICLE VII.

AMENDMENTS; MEETINGS; VOTING

Section 7.1             Amendment .  Except as otherwise required by law or as provided elsewhere in this Agreement, this Agreement may be amended in any respect only with the unanimous consent of the Members.

Section 7.2             Amendment to Articles of Organization .  In the event this Agreement shall be amended pursuant to this Article VII, the Managing Member shall amend the Articles of Organization to reflect such change if the Managing Member deems such amendment to be necessary.

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Section 7.3             Meetings of Members .  Meetings for purposes of voting shall be called by the Managing Member who shall be required to give written notice thereof to all Members entitled to vote at such meeting no less than ten (10) days and no more than thirty (30) days prior to the date of such meeting.  Any such notice shall state briefly the purpose of the meeting, which shall be held at a reasonable time and at the principal office of the Company or such other location as shall be stated in the notice.

Section 7.4             Proxy of Member .  Each Member may authorize any Person or Persons to act for it by proxy on all matters in which a Member is entitled to participate, including waiving notice of any meeting or voting or participating at a meeting.  Every proxy must be signed by the Member or its attorney-in-fact.  Every proxy shall be revocable at the pleasure of the Member executing it.

Section 7.5             Consent or Voting .

(a)           All voting shall be based on the Shares outstanding and not the number of Members.

(b)           In the event that the consent or vote of the Members shall be required for any action hereunder and no specific proportion is stated herein, the affirmative vote of the Members holding more than fifty percent (50%) of the total number of Shares outstanding shall be required for such action.  Where a consent or vote of a specified percentage of Members or Interests is required, the affirmative vote of Members holding at least such specified percentage of the total number of Shares outstanding shall be required.

ARTICLE VIII.

PROVISIONS RELATING TO MEMBERS

Section 8.1             Investment Representation .  Each Member represents and warrants that (a) its Interest is acquired for investment and not with a view to the resale or other distribution thereof, (b) it is understood that none of the Interests have been registered under the Securities Act of 1933 or any similar legislation in any other country or jurisdiction, and that there may be no market for any Interest, and (c) the Interest is obtained without the benefit of any representation, warranty, or other assurance with respect to the financial condition or prospects of the Company or its Members or other representatives thereof.

Section 8.2             Restrictions on Member’s Transfer of an Interest .

(a)           Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this Section 8.2, no Member may Transfer all or any portion of its Shares or any rights or entitlements deriving from its Interest in the Company at any time or howsoever acquired without the written consent of the remaining Members, which consent may be denied for any reason whatsoever.

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(b)           Shares may be Transferred from time to time by IBG Holdings to IBGI in exchange for the proceeds of the sale by IBGI of IBGI Common Stock pursuant to and in accordance with the Exchange Agreement.

Section 8.3             Documentation Regarding Interests .  The Members’ Interests shall be documented and recorded by an entry on the Company’s books and shall not be certificated or otherwise documented except as may be determined by the Managing Member.  If any Transfer of a Member’s Interest is permitted pursuant to the terms of this Agreement, such Transfer shall after receipt by the Managing Member of all required documentation thereof be made by a proper entry on the books of the Company.  Any Transfer which is required pursuant to the terms of the Exchange Agreement may be effected by the Managing Member without further action by the Transferring Member.

Section 8.4             Interests and Shares .  Upon the date of this Agreement, the number of Shares into which the Interests are divided corresponds to the sum of the number of shares of IBGI Common Stock outstanding and common shares (representing membership interests) of IBG Holdings outstanding.  It is the intent of the Members that this relationship remain constant throughout the term of the Company.  It is anticipated that from time to time and without regard to the Exchange Agreement, IBGI may issue additional shares of IBGI Common Stock under incentive plans for employees (including IBGI’s 2007 Stock Incentive Plan), in exchange for capital or in other arrangements that benefit the Company.  In any such case, it is the intention of the Members that a corresponding number of Shares shall be issued to IBGI in exchange for the consideration received by it for its issuance of additional shares of IBGI Common Stock.  If any shares of IBGI Common Stock are issued subject to restrictions resulting in forfeiture to IBGI or are otherwise redeemed by IBGI, a corresponding number of Shares of the Company shall be surrendered to the Company by IBGI for cancellation.  Similarly, if any common shares of IBG Holdings are forfeited to IBG Holdings and as a result thereof are no longer outstanding, a corresponding number of Shares of the Company shall be surrendered to the Company by IBG Holdings for cancellation.  These and other adjustments to the number of Shares outstanding may be made from time to time as necessary to properly reflect the relative Interests of the Members.

ARTICLE IX.

MANAGING MEMBER

Section 9.1             Appointment of Managing Member .  By the Members’ execution of this Agreement, IBGI is appointed as Managing Member.

Section 9.2             Permitted Transfers .  A Managing Member may transfer all or any portion of its Interest to any Person only with the consent of the remaining Members.

Section 9.3             Resignation of Managing Member .  Upon ninety (90) days prior written notice, any Managing Member may resign.  In the event of the resignation of a Managing Member, a successor Managing Member shall be appointed as provided in Section 9.4 below.

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Section 9.4             Successor Managing Member .  If the Managing Member ceases to act as Managing Member, the successor Managing Member shall be selected by the majority vote of the Members.  The successor Managing Member shall become a Managing Member upon its written acceptance of the appointment and written agreement to be bound as a Managing Member under the terms of this Agreement.  In the event a successor Managing Member is designated and accepts the designation, the successor Managing Member shall assume all the duties and obligations of the predecessor Managing Member set forth in this Agreement

Section 9.5             Rights of Resigned Managing Member .

(a)           The resignation of a Managing Member shall not affect its right to reimbursement for expenses incurred.

(b)           A resigned Managing Member (which term, for purposes of this section, shall include its successors and assigns) shall continue to have the rights and obligations of a Member with respect to its continuing Interest, if any.

ARTICLE X.

ADMISSION AND WITHDRAWAL OF MEMBERS

Section 10.1           Admission .  No Person, other than an existing Member, shall acquire an Interest directly from the Company or otherwise be admitted as a Member of the Company except with the consent of the Managing Member and an approving vote of the remaining Members.  Any Person to be admitted as a Member shall execute such documents and instruments, including an agreement to be bound by the terms of this Agreement, and shall satisfy such other conditions as the Managing Member shall require.

Section 10.2           Withdrawal and Dissociation .  No Member shall be permitted to withdraw from the Company without the consent of the Managing Member and an approving vote of the remaining Members.  Anything in Section 34-180 of the Act to the contrary notwithstanding, except as expressly provided herein, no Member shall be entitled to receive any distribution of money or other property prior to the dissolution and liquidation of the Company.

ARTICLE XI.

DISSOLUTION AND LIQUIDATION

Section 11.1           Dissolution .  The Company shall continue until the occurrence of any one or more of the following events:

(a)           such time that the Managing Member, with an approving vote of the remaining Members, determines to dissolve the Company; or

15




 

(b)           upon the bankruptcy, resignation, dissolution, or withdrawal of the Managing Member, or upon the occurrence of any event which, under the provisions of the Act, would cause a dissolution; provided , however , that upon such an occurrence, no dissolution shall occur if the Members, by a majority vote, elect to continue the business of the Company and appoint a successor Managing Member in accordance with Section 9.4.

No Member has the right, on account of any dissolution of the type described in this Section 11.1, to have the Company’s assets applied to discharge its liabilities or to have the value of its Interest ascertained or paid for.

Section 11.2           Winding-Up of Affairs .  Upon the dissolution of the Company in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement, the Company shall immediately commence winding up its affairs and shall file a notice of dissolution or cancellation.  The winding-up of the affairs of the Company and the distribution of its assets shall be conducted exclusively by the Liquidator, who is hereby authorized to do all acts authorized by law for these purposes.  Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Liquidator, in carrying out such winding-up and distribution, shall have full power and authority to sell all or any of the Company assets or to distribute the same in kind to the Members.  Any assets distributed in kind shall be subject to all operating agreements or other agreements relating thereto which shall survive the termination of the Company.  Following the winding-up of the Company, the proceeds from liquidation of Company assets shall be applied and distributed as set forth in Section 11.3.

Section 11.3           Liquidating Distributions .

(a)           Following dissolution of the Company and incident to the winding-up of the Company’s affairs, all debts and liabilities of the Company shall be discharged in the order of priority provided by law.  The fair market value of the respective remaining assets of the Company shall then be determined; with the fair market value of any assets other than cash being determined by an independent appraiser selected by the Liquidator with the approval of a majority vote of the Members.  Thereupon, the assets of the Company shall be distributed to the Members in proportion to the number of Shares held by each Member in relation to the aggregate number of outstanding Shares.  For purposes of such allocation only, it shall be assumed that the assets of the Company other than cash had been sold for an amount equal to their fair market value as determined above, and that the income, gain or loss from such sale had been allocated in accordance with Article III.  Each Member shall receive its share of the assets in cash or in kind, and the proportion of such share that is received in cash may vary from Member to Member, all as the Liquidator may decide.  Except as provided below, if such distributions are insufficient to return to any Member the full amount of its Capital Contributions, such Member shall have no recourse against the Company or any other Member.

(b)           The proceeds of liquidation and any unliquidated assets of the Company shall be distributed as provided in Section 11.3(a).  Any reserves established by the Liquidator in the course of such distribution shall be held for so long as the Liquidator shall deem necessary in a special account maintained by the Liquidator for the purpose of paying contingent or unforeseen liabilities or obligations.  At the time the Liquidator determines that there is no longer

16




 

a need for the reserve, it shall be distributed in the order of priority established in Section 11.3(a).  The distribution of the reserve shall commence where the initial distribution of the assets of the Company ended.  For purposes of this Section 11.3, expenses of dissolution and liquidation shall be treated as debts and obligations of the Company.

ARTICLE XII.

MISCELLANEOUS

Section 12.1           Notices .  All notices, consents, approvals, requests, demands or other communications (“notices”) which any of the parties to this Agreement may desire to be required to give hereunder, shall be in writing and shall be deemed properly given if (i) hand delivered, (ii) sent by private or public mail carrier which provides evidence of delivery, (iii) sent by United States, certified or registered mail, postage prepaid, return receipt requested, (iv) sent by facsimile transmission or (v) sent by electronic mail, in each case addressed as follows:

(a)           to the Company, or the Managing Member, at the principal place of business of the Company or to such other addresses as may be designated by the Managing Member by notice to all Members pursuant to the terms of this Section; and

(b)           to Members at the address set forth on the signature page hereto or to such other addresses as may be designated by the respective Members by notice to the Company from time to time.

Any distribution made, or notice given, to a Member at its last known address as shown on the records of the Company shall be considered effective three (3) days after deposit in any post office or branch post office, regularly maintained by the United States government and shall completely satisfy the obligations of the Company hereunder in respect of such distribution or notice.  Any notice to be given by any Member may be given by counsel or attorney-in-fact for that Member.

Section 12.2           Binding Effect .  Unless otherwise provided herein, every covenant, term, and provision of this Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the Members and their respective heirs, legatees, legal representatives, successors, transferees, and assigns, and shall inure to the benefit of the Company, its successors and assigns.

Section 12.3           Construction .  Every covenant, term, and provision of this Agreement shall be construed simply according to its fair meaning and not strictly for or against the Company or any Member.

Section 12.4           Headings .  Section and other headings contained in this Agreement are for reference purposes only and are not intended to describe, interpret, define, or limit the scope, extent, or intent of this Agreement or any provision hereof.

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Section 12.5           Severability .  Every provision of this Agreement is intended to be severable.  If any term or provision hereof is illegal or invalid for any reason whatsoever, such legality or invalidity shall not affect the validity or legality of the remainder of this Agreement.

Section 12.6           Incorporation by Reference .  Every exhibit, schedule, and other appendix attached to this Agreement and referred to herein is hereby incorporated in this Agreement by reference.

Section 12.7           Further Action .  Each Member, upon the request of the Managing Member, agrees to perform all further acts and execute, acknowledge, and deliver any documents which may be reasonably necessary, appropriate, or desirable to carry out the provisions of this Agreement.

Section 12.8           No Other Beneficiaries .  The rights and obligations of the Members under this Agreement are for the exclusive benefit of the Members, and no creditor or other party having dealings with the Company shall have any right or claim hereunder.

Section 12.9           Variation of Pronouns .  All pronouns and any variations thereof shall be deemed to refer to masculine, feminine, or neuter, singular or plural, as the identity of Member or Members may require.

Section 12.10         Governing Law .  The laws of the State of Connecticut shall govern the validity of this Agreement, the construction of its terms, and the interpretation of the rights and duties of the Members.  In the event this Agreement is in conflict with any other agreement among any of the parties hereto, the provisions of this Agreement shall prevail.

Section 12.11         Waiver of Action for Partition .  Each of the Members irrevocably waives any right that it may have to maintain any action for partition with respect to any of the Property of the Company.

Section 12.12         Counterpart Execution .  This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts with the same effect as if all of the Members had signed the same document.  All counterparts shall be construed together and shall constitute one agreement.

Section 12.13         Sole and Absolute Discretion .  Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, all actions which the Managing Member may take and all determinations which the Managing Member may make pursuant to this Agreement may be taken and made at the sole and absolute discretion of the Managing Member.  In the event there shall be more than one Managing Member, all such actions and determinations shall be taken and made by the unanimous vote of all Managing Members.

Section 12.14         Non-Arbitrability .  Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement or any rules or regulations of any regulatory body, no controversy, claim, or breach arising out of or relating to this Agreement shall be submitted for settlement to a panel of arbitrators, and the

 

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Members agree that any such disputes shall be determined only by a court having jurisdiction thereof in accordance with this Agreement.

[Signatures appear on the following page.]

19




 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have entered into this Agreement as of the date and year first above set forth.

 

IBG HOLDINGS LLC

 

 

 

 

 

One Pickwick Plaza

 

 

Greenwich, CT 06830

 

 

Facsimile No.: (203) 618-5934

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Thomas Peterffy

 

 

 

Name: Thomas Peterffy

 

 

 

Title: Managing Member

 

 

INTERACTIVE BROKERS GROUP, INC.

 

 

 

 

 

One Pickwick Plaza

 

 

Greenwich, CT 06830

 

 

Facsimile No.: (203) 618-5934

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Thomas Peterffy

 

 

 

Name: Thomas Peterffy

 

 

 

Title: Chairman, Chief Executive

 

 

 

Officer and President

 



Exhibit 10.2

EXCHANGE AGREEMENT

by and among

INTERACTIVE BROKERS GROUP, INC.,

IBG HOLDINGS LLC,

IBG LLC

and

MEMBERS OF IBG LLC

Dated as of May 3, 2007




 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

 

 

PAGE

ARTICLE I   DEFINITIONS

 

1

SECTION 1.1. 

 

Definitions

 

1

SECTION 1.2. 

 

General

 

4

SECTION 1.3. 

 

References to Time

 

5

 

 

 

 

 

ARTICLE II   REPRESENTATION AND WARRANTIES

 

5

SECTION 2.1. 

 

Representations and Warranties of IBG LLC Members

 

5

SECTION 2.2. 

 

Representations and Warranties of IBG LLC, IBGI and IBG Holdings

 

6

 

 

 

 

 

ARTICLE III   CONTRIBUTION AND INITIAL PURCHASE

 

6

SECTION 3.1. 

 

Contribution

 

6

SECTION 3.2. 

 

Initial Purchase

 

6

SECTION 3.3. 

 

Effect of Contribution and Initial Purchase

 

7

SECTION 3.4. 

 

Class B Common Stock

 

7

 

 

 

 

 

ARTICLE IV   PURCHASES AND REDEMPTIONS

 

7

SECTION 4.1. 

 

Elective Redemptions

 

7

SECTION 4.2. 

 

Mandatory Redemptions

 

8

SECTION 4.3. 

 

Purchases and Redemptions Generally

 

9

SECTION 4.4. 

 

IBG Holdings Shares

 

10

 

 

 

 

 

ARTICLE V   RELATIONSHIP AMONG THE PARTIES

 

10

SECTION 5.1. 

 

Parity of IBG Holdings Shares and Shares of Common Stock

 

10

SECTION 5.2. 

 

IBG LLC Further Assurances

 

10

 

 

 

 

 

ARTICLE VI   MISCELLANEOUS

 

11

SECTION 6.1. 

 

Entire Agreement

 

11

SECTION 6.2. 

 

Expenses

 

11

SECTION 6.3. 

 

Notices

 

11

SECTION 6.4. 

 

Amendment, Modification or Waiver

 

12

SECTION 6.5. 

 

Successors and Assigns; No Third Party Beneficiaries

 

12

SECTION 6.6. 

 

Counterparts

 

12

SECTION 6.7. 

 

Negotiation

 

12

SECTION 6.8. 

 

Specific Performance

 

13

SECTION 6.9. 

 

Governing Law

 

13

SECTION 6.10.

 

Jurisdiction

 

13

SECTION 6.11.

 

Interpretation

 

13

SECTION 6.12.

 

Severability

 

13

 

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EXCHANGE AGREEMENT

 

This EXCHANGE AGREEMENT (this “ Agreement ”), dated as of May 3, 2007, by and among Interactive Brokers Group, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“ IBGI ”), IBG Holdings LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“ IBG Holdings ”), IBG LLC, a Connecticut limited liability company (formerly known as Interactive Brokers Group LLC, “ IBG LLC ”), and the members of IBG LLC party hereto (the “ IBG LLC Members ,” and together with IBGI, IBG Holdings and IBG LLC, the “ Parties ” and each a “ Party ”).

RECITALS

WHEREAS, IBGI intends to consummate an initial public offering (the “ IPO ”) of shares of its Class A common stock, par value $0.01 per share (the “ Common Stock ”);

WHEREAS, in connection with the IPO, the IBG LLC Members desire to contribute their membership interests in IBG LLC to IBG Holdings in exchange for IBG Holdings membership interests pursuant to the terms of this Agreement;

WHEREAS, in connection with the IPO, IBG Holdings desires to sell certain of its membership interests in IBG LLC to IBGI upon consummation of the IPO for an aggregate consideration consisting of: (a) the net proceeds from the IPO, and (b) an amount equal to certain tax benefits to be realized by IBGI over time, in accordance with the Tax Receivable Agreement (as defined below);

WHEREAS, IBGI believes that it is in its best interest to increase its ownership of membership interests of IBG LLC over time and agrees to purchase from IBG Holdings from time to time using the proceeds of periodic offerings of shares of Common Stock, and IBG Holdings agrees to sell to IBGI, membership interests in IBG LLC, commencing one year after consummation of the IPO; and

WHEREAS, IBG LLC agrees to effect such transfers of its membership interests and to take such actions as are otherwise necessary to facilitate the foregoing, including when mutually agreed to redeem IBG LLC membership interests held by IBG Holdings in lieu of a direct sale of such membership interests to IBGI.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises, and of the representations, warranties, covenants and agreements set forth herein, and intending to be legally bound hereby, the Parties hereby agree as follows:

ARTICLE I

DEFINITIONS

SECTION 1.1.  Definitions .  As used in this Agreement, the following terms shall have the meanings set forth below (such meanings to be equally applicable to both the singular and plural forms of the terms defined):




 

Agreement ” has the meaning assigned to such term in the preamble to this Agreement, and includes any amendments or modifications to this Agreement after the date hereof.

Closing Date ” means the date hereof.

Common Stock ” has the meaning set forth in the recitals.

Contribution ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1.

Electing Member ” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.1(b)(ii).

Elective Redemption ” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.1(a).

Exchange Act ” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, together with the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

General Redemption Date ” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 4.1(a).

Governmental Authority ” means any national, local or foreign (including U.S. federal, state or local) or supranational (including European Union) governmental, judicial, administrative or regulatory (including self-regulatory) agency, commission, department, board, bureau, entity or authority of competent jurisdiction.

IBG Holdings Members ” has the meaning assigned to the term “Members” in the IBG Holdings Operating Agreement.

IBG Holdings Operating Agreement ” means the Limited Liability Company Agreement of IBG Holdings LLC, dated as of May 3, 2007, entered into by and among the signatories thereto, as same may be amended from time to time.

IBG Holdings Series A Shares ” has the meaning assigned to the term “Series A Shares” in the IBG Holdings Operating Agreement.

IBG Holdings Series B Shares ” has the meaning assigned to the term “Series B Shares” in the IBG Holdings Operating Agreement.

IBG Holdings Series C Shares ” has the meaning assigned to the term “Series C Shares” in the IBG Holdings Operating Agreement.

IBG Holdings Shares ” has the meaning assigned to the term “Common Shares” in the IBG Holdings Operating Agreement.

IBGI Board ” means the board of directors of IBGI.

IBG LLC Members ” has the meaning set forth in the recitals.

IBG LLC Operating Agreement ” means the Amended and Restated Operating Agreement of IBG LLC, dated as of May 3, 2007, entered into by and between IBG Holdings LLC and Interactive Brokers Group, Inc., as same may be amended from time to time.

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IBG LLC Shares ” has the meaning assigned to the term “Shares” in the IBG LLC Operating Agreement.

Incumbent IBGI Board ” means the members of the IBGI Board who were members of the IBGI Board immediately after the consummation of the IPO; provided , however , that any individual becoming a director subsequent to the consummation of the IPO whose election, or nomination for election by IBGI’s shareholders, was approved by a vote of at least a majority of the directors then comprising the Incumbent IBGI Board shall be considered as though such individual were a member of the Incumbent IBGI Board, but excluding, for this purpose, any such individual whose initial assumption of office occurs as a result of an actual or threatened election contest with respect to the election or removal of directors or other actual or threatened solicitation of proxies or consents by or on behalf of a Person other than the IBGI Board.

Initial Purchase ” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.2.

IPO ” has the meaning assigned to such term in the recitals.

IPO Date ” means the date of the closing of the IPO.

IPO Effective Date ” means the date of effectiveness of the Registration Statement.

Mandatory Redemption ” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 4.2(a).

Mandatory Redemption Notice ” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 4.2(b)(ii).

Party ” or “ Parties ” has the meaning assigned to such term in the preamble to this Agreement.

Public Offering ” means an underwritten or best efforts public offering pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act, other than pursuant to a registration statement on Forms S-4 or S-8 or any similar or successor form.

Public Offering Redemption Price ” has the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.1(b)(iii).

Redemption Request ” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.1(b)(ii)(B).

Registration Statement ” means, as applicable, the registration statement on Form S-1 of IBGI under the Securities Act relating to the Common Stock to be issued in the IPO, as amended or supplemented from time to time.

SEC ” means the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Securities Act ” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, together with the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

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Stock Price ” means, as of any particular date, the volume weighted average closing price of a share of Common Stock for the thirty (30) most recent trading days on the primary national securities exchange on which the Common Stock is traded, as reported by Bloomberg L.P. or, if Bloomberg L.P. is not available, as determined by another reputable third-party information source selected by IBGI.

Tax Receivable Agreement ” means the Tax Receivable Agreement to be entered into by and between IBGI and IBG Holdings, substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto, with such changes as may be determined by the parties thereto.

SECTION 1.2.  General .  Wherever required by the context of this Agreement, the singular shall include the plural and vice versa, and the masculine gender shall include the feminine and neuter genders and vice versa, and references to any agreement, document or instrument shall be deemed to refer to such agreement, document or instrument as amended, supplemented or modified from time to time. When used herein:

(a)           the word “or” is not exclusive;

(b)           the words “including,” “includes,” “included” and “include” are deemed to be followed by the words “without limitation”;

(c)           the terms “herein,” “hereof” and “hereunder” and other words of similar import refer to this Agreement as a whole and not to any particular section, paragraph or subdivision;

(d)           the word “person” means any individual, corporation, limited liability company, trust, joint venture, association, company, partnership or other legal entity or a Governmental Authority; and

(e)           all section, paragraph or clause references not attributed to a particular document shall be references to such parts of this Agreement, and all exhibit, annex and schedule references not attributed to a particular document shall be references to such exhibits, annexes and schedules to this Agreement.

SECTION 1.3.  References to Time .  All references in this Agreement to times of day shall be to Greenwich, Connecticut time.

ARTICLE II

REPRESENTATION AND WARRANTIES

SECTION 2.1.  Representations and Warranties of IBG LLC Members .

(a)           Each IBG LLC Member severally represents and warrants to each of IBG LLC, IBG Holdings and IBGI, as of the date hereof, that (i) this Agreement constitutes the legal, valid and binding obligation of such IBG LLC Member, enforceable against such IBG LLC Member in accordance with its terms (subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer, reorganization, moratorium and similar laws of general applicability relating to or affecting creditors’ rights and to general equity principles); (ii) neither the execution and delivery of this

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Agreement by such IBG LLC Member nor the consummation of the transactions contemplated herein conflicts with or results in a breach of any of the terms, conditions or provisions of any agreement or instrument to which such IBG LLC Member is a party or by which the material assets of such IBG LLC Member are bound, or constitutes a default under any of the foregoing, or violates any law or regulation; (iii) there are no actions, suits or proceedings pending, or, to the knowledge of such IBG LLC Member, threatened against or affecting such IBG LLC Member or such IBG LLC Member’s assets in any court or before or by any federal, state, municipal or other governmental department, commission, board, bureau, agency or instrumentality which, if adversely determined, would impair the ability of such IBG LLC Member to perform this Agreement; (iv) the performance of this Agreement will not violate any order, writ, injunction, decree or demand of any court or federal, state, municipal or other governmental department, commission, board, bureau, agency or instrumentality to which such IBG LLC Member is subject; and (v) no statement, representation or warranty made by such IBG LLC Member in this Agreement, nor any information provided by such IBG LLC Member for inclusion in a registration statement filed by IBGI, contains or will contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omits or will omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements, representations or warranties contained herein or information provided therein not misleading; and

(b)           Each IBG LLC Member severally represents and warrants to each of IBG LLC, IBG Holdings and IBGI, as of the date hereof, that such IBG LLC Member has good, valid and marketable title to the IBG LLC membership interests to be contributed to IBG Holdings pursuant to Section 3.1 hereof, free and clear of any pledge, lien, security interest, charge, claim, equity or encumbrance of any kind, other than pursuant to this Agreement, the IBG LLC Operating Agreement or the IBG Holdings Operating Agreement.

Each IBG LLC Member shall promptly notify IBG LLC, IBG Holdings and IBGI of any breaches of such representations or covenants.

SECTION 2.2.  Representations and Warranties of IBG LLC, IBGI and IBG Holdings .

(a)           Each of IBG LLC, IBGI and IBG Holdings represents that it has the requisite corporate or other power and authority and has taken all corporate or other action necessary in order to execute, deliver and perform this Agreement and to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement; and

(b)           Each of IBG LLC, IBGI and IBG Holdings represents that this Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by it and constitutes a valid and binding agreement of it enforceable in accordance with the terms thereof (assuming the due execution and delivery thereof by the other Parties).

ARTICLE III

CONTRIBUTION AND INITIAL PURCHASE

SECTION 3.1.  Contribution .  On the IPO Effective Date, the IBG LLC Members shall contribute their IBG LLC membership interests to IBG Holdings in exchange for IBG Holdings

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Shares (the “ Contribution ”); provided that the Contribution with respect to the IBG LLC membership interests held by Thomas Peterffy individually shall not occur until immediately after giving effect to the Initial Purchase described in Section 3.2 below.  Upon completion of the Contribution, IBG Holdings shall issue to each IBG LLC Member IBG Holdings Shares in the series and in the numbers set forth in such IBG LLC Member’s Contribution Notice and admit such IBG LLC Member as an IBG Holdings Member pursuant to the IBG Holdings Operating Agreement.  Upon the completion of the Contribution, IBG LLC shall admit IBG Holdings as a member pursuant to the IBG LLC Operating Agreement, and the books and records of IBG LLC shall be updated to reflect the Contribution.

SECTION 3.2.  Initial Purchase .  On the IPO Effective Date, after giving effect to the Contribution, IBG Holdings shall sell 40,000,000 IBG LLC Shares to IBGI (the “ Initial Purchase ”) for an aggregate consideration consisting of: (a) the sum of $1,177,892,000, such amount to be paid out of the net proceeds of the IPO, and (b) an amount equal to the tax benefits to be realized by IBGI over time, in accordance with the Tax Receivable Agreement, in connection with the Initial Purchase.  IBGI shall pay the cash consideration set forth in clause (a) above on the IPO Date by wire transfer of immediately available funds to an account designated in writing by IBG Holdings.  Upon completion of the Initial Purchase, the Contribution with respect to the IBG LLC membership interests held by Thomas Peterffy individually shall be consummated, IBG LLC shall admit IBGI as its sole managing member pursuant to the IBG LLC Operating Agreement, and the books and records of IBG LLC shall be updated to reflect the Initial Purchase.

SECTION 3.3.  Effect of Contribution and Initial Purchase .  On the IPO Effective Date, in connection with the Contribution and the Initial Purchase, (a) IBGI and IBG Holdings shall enter into the IBG LLC Operating Agreement, (b) IBG LLC shall admit IBGI as its sole managing member pursuant to the IBG LLC Operating Agreement, (c) IBG LLC shall admit IBG Holdings as a member pursuant to the IBG LLC Operating Agreement, (d) IBG LLC shall have only two members (IBGI, which will be its sole managing member, and IBG Holdings), and (e) the books and records of IBG LLC shall be updated to reflect the Contribution and the Initial Purchase.

SECTION 3.4.  Class B Common Stock .  On the IPO Effective Date, IBG LLC shall transfer to IBG Holdings the 100 shares of Class B Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share, of IBGI then held by IBG LLC, which shares represent all of the authorized, issued and outstanding shares of such Class B Common Stock.

ARTICLE IV

PURCHASES AND REDEMPTIONS

SECTION 4.1.  Elective Redemptions .

(a)           Elective Redemptions. Each IBG Holdings Member shall be entitled to cause the redemption of such IBG Holdings Member’s IBG Holdings Shares (or portion thereof) so redeemable in accordance with the following schedule and the procedures set forth in this Article IV: (i) 10.0% of such IBG Holdings Member’s IBG Holdings Shares on the IPO Date,  (ii) an

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additional 12.5% of such IBG Holdings Member’s IBG Holdings Shares on each of the first seven anniversaries of the IPO Date, and (iii) the remaining portion of such IBG Holdings Member’s IBG Holdings Shares on the eighth anniversary of the IPO Date; provided that, a holder of IBG Holdings Series C Shares may cause the redemption of its IBG Holdings Series C Shares (x) only subsequent to the redemption of all of such holder’s IBG Holdings Series B Shares and (y) only if such holder remains in compliance with the covenants set forth in Sections 8.7 and 8.8 of the IBG Holdings Operating Agreement.  Each redemption subsequent to the IPO Date (an “Elective Redemption”) shall occur: (i) on or about the date that is the first anniversary of the IPO Date and on or about each subsequent anniversary date thereof (each such anniversary date, a “ General Redemption Date ”), or (ii) if not on or about a General Redemption Date, with the prior written consent of the managing member of IBG Holdings; provided that, an IBG Holdings Member must be in compliance with all applicable covenants and obligations under the IBG Holdings Operating Agreement in order to remain entitled to cause an Elective Redemption.

(b)           Procedures .

(i)            Subject to clause (ii) below, each Elective Redemption of IBG Holdings Shares shall be effected in accordance with the IBG Holdings Operating Agreement.

(ii)           Except as otherwise provided in this clause (ii), each IBG Holdings Member who shall be entitled to cause the redemption of such IBG Holdings Member’s IBG Holdings Shares (or portion thereof) so redeemable in accordance with Section 4.1(a) hereto (an “ Electing Member ”) shall prepare and deliver to IBG Holdings and IBGI, for IBG LLC as its managing member and for itself, a written request in the form attached hereto as Exhibit C signed by such Electing Member (A) stating the number of IBG Holdings Shares that such Electing Member desires to have redeemed and (B) certifying that such Electing Member is entitled to cause the redemption of the IBG Holdings Shares specified by such Electing Member and that such Electing Member is the beneficial owner of such IBG Holdings Shares (each such request, a “ Redemption Request ”).  A properly completed Redemption Request must be delivered to IBG Holdings and IBGI not less than 60 days or more than 90 days prior to the General Redemption Date on which such Electing Member desires to effect the Elective Redemptions in accordance with this Section 4.1.  Once delivered, a Redemption Request shall be irrevocable.

(iii)          Upon receipt of all Redemption Requests relating to a given General Redemption Date, unless otherwise determined by IBGI, IBG LLC and IBG Holdings that the redemption of IBG Holdings Shares will be funded as provided in Section 4.3(c), IBGI shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to consummate a Public Offering of a number of shares of Common Stock (adjusted per Section 5.1) approximately equal to the aggregate number of IBG Holdings Shares specified in such Redemption Requests.  Upon consummation of such Public Offering, IBGI shall purchase from IBG Holdings and IBG Holdings shall sell to IBGI that number of IBG LLC Shares equal to the aggregate number of IBG Holdings Shares specified in such Redemption Requests at a purchase price per share equal to the offering price per share of Common Stock in such Public Offering minus any applicable underwriting discounts or placement agency fees (the “ Public Offering Redemption Price ”).  IBG LLC shall bear the costs of the Public

 

 

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Offering other than (i) underwriting discounts or placement agency fees, which effectively shall be borne by the IBG Holdings Members making such Redemption Requests and (ii) legal fees and expenses of the selling IBG Holdings Members.

SECTION 4.2.  Mandatory Redemptions .

(a)           Mandatory Redemptions . IBG Holdings (with the prior approval of the IBGI Board) shall be entitled to cause one or more redemptions (each such redemption, a “Mandatory Redemption”) with respect to all or some IBG Holdings Shares, in IBG Holdings’ discretion, at any time following the first anniversary of the IPO Date. A Mandatory Redemption shall occur with respect to IBG Holdings Shares without any action required on the part of the IBG Holdings Member holding such IBG Holdings Shares.

(b)           Procedures .

(i)            Each Mandatory Redemption of IBG Holdings Shares shall be effected in accordance with the IBG Holdings Operating Agreement.

(ii)           In the event of a Mandatory Redemption pursuant to Section 4.2(a), IBG Holdings shall provide written notice (each such notice, a “ Mandatory Redemption Notice ”) to each of IBGI and IBG LLC of such election, which notice shall state (A) whether the Mandatory Redemption shall apply to all or some of the IBG Holdings Shares and, if it shall apply only to some thereof, to which IBG Holdings Shares such Mandatory Redemption shall apply, and (B) the anticipated date on which the Mandatory Redemption shall be consummated.

(iii)          Upon receipt of a Mandatory Redemption Notice, unless otherwise determined by IBGI, IBG LLC and IBG Holdings that the redemption of IBG Holdings Shares will be funded as provided in Section 4.3(c), IBGI shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to consummate a Public Offering of a number of shares of Common Stock (adjusted per Section 5.1) approximately equal to the number of IBG Holdings Shares specified in such Mandatory Redemption Notice.  Upon consummation of such Public Offering, IBGI shall purchase from IBG Holdings and IBG Holdings shall sell to IBGI that number of IBG LLC Shares equal to the aggregate number of IBG Holdings Shares specified in such Mandatory Redemption Notice at a purchase price for share equal to the Public Offering Redemption Price.

(iv)          In the event of any Mandatory Redemption, IBG Holdings shall use its reasonable best efforts to deliver notice thereof to the applicable IBG Holdings Members not less than 20 days prior to the effective date of such Mandatory Redemption.

Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth herein, any failure to provide such notice for any reason shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any Mandatory Redemption.

SECTION 4.3.  Purchases and Redemptions Generally .

(a)           Public Offerings of Shares of Common Stock .  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth herein, (i) IBGI shall not be obligated to effect any purchase of IBG LLC

 

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Shares unless and until IBGI has consummated a Public Offering of a number of shares of Common Stock (adjusted per Section 5.1) approximately equal to the aggregate number of IBG Holdings Shares specified in Redemption Requests or a Mandatory Redemption Notice, as applicable, and (ii) unless otherwise determined by IBGI, IBG LLC and IBG Holdings that the redemption of IBG Holdings Shares will be funded as provided in Section 4.3(c), IBG Holdings shall not be obligated to effect any redemption of IBG Holdings Shares unless and until IBG Holdings has received from IBGI the cash consideration for the purchase of the applicable IBG LLC Shares.  IBGI’s commercially reasonable efforts to consummate a Public Offering shall include without limitation providing, and causing its subsidiaries to provide, necessary and appropriate road show support for such Public Offering.

(b)           Restriction on Participation in Public Offerings by IBG Holdings Members . Unless otherwise permitted by the managing member of IBG Holdings and the IBGI Board, no IBG Holdings Member may acquire shares of Common Stock in connection with any Public Offering described in Section 4.3(a).

(c)           Alternative Financing of Redemptions .

(i)            At the option of, and upon mutual agreement of, IBGI, IBG Holdings and IBG LLC, in lieu of, or in addition to, consummating one or more Public Offerings as set forth in this Article IV, redemptions of IBG Holdings Shares may be effected using cash on hand at IBG LLC and corresponding redemptions by IBG LLC of its interests held by IBG Holdings.  In such cases, the redemption price per IBG Holdings Share and IBG LLC Share shall be the Stock Price of the Common Stock as of the date of redemption.

(ii)           In the event a redemption of IBG Holdings Shares is financed using a combination of a Public Offering and cash on hand at IBG LLC, (A) IBG Holdings shall apply the proceeds from sales of IBG LLC Shares to IBGI in conjunction with a Public Offering as follows: (x) first, to redeem any IBG Holdings Series A Shares scheduled for redemption, (y) second, to the extent there are remaining proceeds, to redeem any IBG Holdings Series B Shares scheduled for redemption, and (z) third, to the extent there are remaining proceeds, to redeem any IBG Holdings Series C Shares scheduled for redemption, and (B) IBG Holdings shall apply the proceeds from redemptions of IBG LLC Shares by IBG LLC from cash on hand at IBG LLC as follows: (x) first, to redeem any IBG Holdings Series C Shares scheduled for redemption, (y) second, to the extent there are remaining proceeds, to redeem any IBG Holdings Series B Shares scheduled for redemption, and (z) third, to the extent there are remaining proceeds, to redeem any IBG Holdings Series A Shares scheduled for redemption.

(d)           Set-Off .  In the event an IBG Holdings Member becomes liable to IBGI or any of its Affiliates for any reason, IBGI (or its Affiliates, as applicable) may set-off such liabilities against any Purchase consideration otherwise payable to IBG Holdings under Article IV of this Agreement.

SECTION 4.4.  IBG Holdings Shares .  The IBG Holdings Shares, which shall be issued by IBG Holdings on the IPO Effective Date pursuant to Section 3.1 hereof, are subject to certain

 

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restrictions and other terms and conditions as set forth in the IBG Holdings Operating Agreement.

ARTICLE V

RELATIONSHIP AMONG THE PARTIES

SECTION 5.1.  Parity of IBG Holdings Shares and Shares of Common Stock .  It is the intention of each of IBGI, IBG Holdings and IBG LLC that, unless otherwise determined by the IBGI Board, the number of IBG LLC Shares outstanding shall at all times equal the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock plus the number of IBG Holdings Shares outstanding (such that the number of IBG LLC Shares and IBG Holdings Shares would be proportionately adjusted as necessary in the event of any issuance or repurchase by IBGI of shares of Common Stock), and each of IBGI, IBG Holdings and IBG LLC agrees to cooperate to effect the intent of this sentence.  In the event that IBGI shall: (i) subdivide the outstanding shares of Common Stock into a greater number of shares; (ii) combine the outstanding shares of Common Stock into a smaller number of shares; (iii) pay a dividend or make a distribution on shares of Common Stock in the form of shares of Common Stock; (iv) make a distribution on shares of Common Stock in shares of its share capital other than Common Stock; or (v) issue by reclassification of the outstanding shares of Common Stock any shares of its share capital, then the number of IBG LLC Shares and IBG Holdings Shares would be proportionately adjusted to the extent necessary to preserve the economic rights of IBGI and IBG Holdings in IBG LLC, with such adjustment to be determined in good faith by the IBGI Board in consultation with IBG Holdings.

SECTION 5.2.  IBG LLC Further Assurances .  IBG LLC agrees to effect transfers of its IBG LLC Shares and to take such actions as are otherwise necessary to facilitate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

ARTICLE VI

MISCELLANEOUS

SECTION 6.1.  Entire Agreement .  This Agreement and the Schedules hereto shall constitute the entire agreement among the Parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and shall supersede all previous negotiations, commitments and writings with respect to such subject matter.

SECTION 6.2.  Expenses .

(a)           Except as expressly set forth in this Agreement, all third party fees, costs and expenses paid or incurred in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement will be paid by the Party incurring such fees, costs or expenses.

(b)           With respect to the IPO, IBG LLC shall pay all third party costs, fees and expenses relating to the IPO, all of the reimbursable expenses of the placement agent pursuant to the placement agency agreement, and all of the costs of producing and filing the applicable Registration Statement and printing, mailing and otherwise distributing the prospectus contained in such Registration Statement.

 

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(c)           Subsequent to the IPO, IBG LLC shall reimburse IBGI for all reasonable third party costs, fees and expenses incurred by IBGI in the ordinary course of business, including all costs associated with all reports and other filings with the SEC.

SECTION 6.3.  Notices .  All notices, consents, waivers and other communications required or permitted by this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed given to a Party when (a) delivered to the appropriate address by hand or by nationally recognized overnight courier service (costs prepaid); (b) sent by facsimile with confirmation of transmission by the transmitting equipment; or (c) received or rejected by the addressee, if sent by certified mail, return receipt requested, in each case to the following addresses and facsimile numbers and marked to the attention of the person (by name or title) designated below (or to such other address, facsimile number or person as a Party may designate by notice to the other Parties):

If to IBG LLC:

IBG LLC
One Pickwick Plaza
Greenwich, Connecticut  06830
Attention: Thomas Peterffy, Managing Member
Fax: (203) 618-5934

If to IBGI:

Interactive Brokers Group, Inc.
One Pickwick Plaza
Greenwich, Connecticut  06830
Attention: Thomas Peterffy, Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President
Fax: (203) 618-5934

If to IBG Holdings:

IBG Holdings LLC
One Pickwick Plaza
Greenwich, Connecticut  06830
Attention: Thomas Peterffy, Managing Member
Fax: (203) 618-5934

If to Members of IBG LLC:

To the addresses set forth on the books and records of IBG LLC.

SECTION 6.4.  Amendment, Modification or Waiver .  This Agreement may be amended, modified, waived or supplemented, in whole or in part, only by a written agreement signed by IBGI, IBG LLC and IBG Holdings. No failure or delay on the part of any Party in the exercise of any right hereunder shall impair such right or be construed to be a waiver of, or acquiescence in, any breach of any representation, warranty or agreement herein, nor shall any single or partial exercise of any such right preclude other or further exercise thereof or of any other right.  The

 

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waiver by such Parties of any breach of this Agreement shall not be construed as a waiver of any subsequent breach.

SECTION 6.5.  Successors and Assigns; No Third Party Beneficiaries .

(a)           This Agreement and all of the provisions hereof shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the Parties and their successors and permitted assigns, but neither this Agreement nor any of the rights, interests and obligations hereunder shall be assigned or otherwise transferred, in whole or in part, by any Party without the prior written consent of each of the Parties.

(b)           This Agreement is solely for the benefit of the Parties and is not intended to confer upon any other persons any rights or remedies hereunder.

SECTION 6.6.  Counterparts .  This Agreement may be executed in counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument.

SECTION 6.7.  Negotiation .  In the event of any dispute or disagreement between any of the Parties arising out of or in connection with this Agreement (including with respect to the interpretation or performance of any provision hereof), the dispute or disagreement, upon written request of a Party, as applicable, shall be referred to representatives of the Parties involved in such dispute for decision.  Such applicable representatives of the Parties shall promptly meet in a good faith effort to resolve the dispute or disagreement or determine a means to resolve the dispute or disagreement. If such representatives do not agree upon a decision within 30 days after reference of the matter to them, the Parties shall be free to exercise all rights and remedies available to them under this Agreement.

SECTION 6.8.  Specific Performance .  The Parties acknowledge and agree that irreparable damage would occur in the event that any of the provisions of this Agreement were not performed in accordance with their specific terms or were otherwise breached. It is accordingly agreed that the Parties shall be entitled to an injunction or injunctions to prevent or cure breaches of the provisions of this Agreement and to enforce specifically the terms and provisions hereof, this being in addition to any other remedy to which they may be entitled by law or equity.

SECTION 6.9.  Governing Law .  This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware (other than the laws regarding choice of laws and conflicts of laws that would apply the substantive laws of any other jurisdiction) as to all matters, including matters of validity, construction, effect, performance and remedies.

SECTION 6.10.  Jurisdiction .  Each of the Parties agrees that all actions or proceedings arising out of or in connection with this Agreement, or for recognition and enforcement of any judgment arising out of or in connection with this Agreement, shall be tried and determined exclusively in the state or federal courts in the State of Connecticut,   and each of the Parties hereby irrevocably submits with regard to any such action or proceeding for itself and in respect to its property, generally and unconditionally, to the exclusive jurisdiction of the aforesaid courts. Each of the Parties hereby expressly waives any right it may have to assert, and agrees

 

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not to assert, by way of motion, as a defense, counterclaim or otherwise, in any such action or proceeding: (a) any claim that it is not subject to personal jurisdiction in the aforesaid courts for any reason; (b) that it or its property is exempt or immune from jurisdiction of any such court or from any legal process commenced in such courts; and (c) that (i) any of the aforesaid courts is an inconvenient or inappropriate forum for such action or proceeding, (ii) venue is not proper in any of the aforesaid courts and (iii) this Agreement  or the subject matter hereof may not be enforced in or by any of the aforesaid courts.

SECTION 6.11.  Interpretation .  The Article and Section headings contained in this Agreement are solely for the purpose of reference, are not part of the agreement of the Parties and shall not in any way affect the meaning or interpretation of this Agreement.

SECTION 6.12.  Severability .  If any term or other provision of this Agreement is invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced by any applicable rule of law or public policy, all other conditions and provisions of this Agreement shall nevertheless remain in full force and effect so long as the economic or legal substance of the transactions contemplated hereby is not affected in any manner materially adverse to any party. Upon such determination that any term or other provision is invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced, the Parties hereto shall negotiate in good faith to modify this Agreement so as to effect the original intent of the Parties as closely as possible in an acceptable manner to the end that transactions contemplated hereby are fulfilled to the extent possible.

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have caused this Agreement to be duly executed as of the date first above written.

 

INTERACTIVE BROKERS GROUP, INC.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Thomas Peterffy

 

 

 

Name:

Thomas Peterffy

 

 

 

Title:

Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and

 

 

 

 

President

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

IBG HOLDINGS LLC

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Thomas Peterffy

 

 

 

Name:

Thomas Peterffy

 

 

 

Title:

Managing Member

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

IBG LLC

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Thomas Peterffy

 

 

 

Name:

Thomas Peterffy

 

 

 

Title:

Managing Member

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

[Signatures of the Members of IBG LLC]

 

 

 

 

 

 

Signature Page to Exchange Agreement



Exhibit 10.3

TAX RECEIVABLE AGREEMENT

This TAX RECEIVABLE AGREEMENT (this “ Agreement ”) is dated as of May 3, 2007, by and between Interactive Brokers Group, Inc., a Delaware company (“IBGI”), and IBG Holdings LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“ IBG Holdings ”).

RECITALS:

WHEREAS, IBGI, IBG Holdings, IBG LLC, a Connecticut limited liability company with status as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes (“ IBG LLC ”), and the members of IBG LLC entered into a certain Exchange Agreement as of May 3, 2007 (the “ Exchange Agreement ”); and

WHEREAS, in connection with transactions contemplated by the Exchange Agreement, the members of IBG LLC contributed their interests in IBG LLC to IBG Holdings in exchange for membership interests in IBG Holdings and became members of IBG Holdings after giving effect to the transactions contemplated by the Exchange Agreement (such contributors, the “ Members ”);

WHEREAS, pursuant to the Exchange Agreement, certain interests in IBG LLC will be sold by IBG Holdings to IBGI (the “ Original Sale ”) in exchange for cash and the right to certain payments equal to a portion of any tax benefits realized by IBGI as the result of the sale; and

WHEREAS, certain series of membership interests in IBG Holdings may be tendered over time by the Members for redemption by IBG Holdings pursuant to the Exchange Agreement, and, as necessary to obtain the consideration necessary to give effect to such rights of redemption, IBG Holdings has the right to sell to IBGI a corresponding number of IBG LLC interests in exchange for cash and a portion of any tax benefits realized by IBGI as the result of such sale and exchange (an “ Exchange ”); and

WHEREAS, any tax benefits from the Original Sale or from an Exchange will result from IBG LLC’s having in effect an election under Section 754 of the Code (as defined herein) for the Taxable Year (as defined herein) in which the Original Sale or the Exchange, as applicable, occurs, which election will result in an adjustment to IBGI’s share of the tax basis of the assets owned by IBG LLC as of the date of the Original Sale or the Exchange, with a consequent result on the taxable income subsequently derived therefrom; and

WHEREAS, immediately following the Original Sale, IBGI will become the managing member of IBG LLC and exercise control of IBG LLC, including of its business and affairs; and

WHEREAS, the parties to this Agreement desire to provide for certain payments and make certain arrangements with respect to any tax benefits to be derived by IBGI as the result of the Original Sale and Exchanges as contemplated by the Exchange Agreement.




 

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and the respective covenants and agreements set forth herein, and intending to be legally bound hereby, the parties hereto agree as follows:

ARTICLE I

Definitions

As used in this Agreement, the terms set forth in this Article I shall have the following meanings (such meanings to be equally applicable to both the singular and plural forms of the terms defined).

Advisory Firm ” means an accounting or law firm that is nationally recognized as being expert in Covered Tax matters, as determined by the Audit Committee.  The Audit Committee shall select the Advisory Firm.

Advisory Firm Letter ” shall mean a letter from the Advisory Firm stating that the relevant schedule, notice or other information to be provided by IBGI to IBG Holdings and all supporting schedules and work papers were prepared in a manner consistent with the terms of this Agreement and, to the extent not expressly provided in this Agreement, on a reasonable basis in light of the facts and law in existence on the date such schedule, notice or other information is delivered to IBG Holdings.

Agreed Rate ” means LIBOR plus 200 basis points.

Agreement ” is defined in the preamble.

Amended Tax Benefit Schedule ” is defined in Section 2.05(b) of this Agreement.

Assumed Tax Liability means the actual liability for Covered Taxes of IBGI; provided that in computing the Assumed Tax Liability of IBGI for any Covered Taxable Year, the deductions for interest expense shall not exceed the amount of such deductions to which IBGI would be entitled if the amount and terms of indebtedness of IBGI during such Covered Taxable Year were the same as the indebtedness of IBGI in place on the Original Sale Date.

Audit Committee ” means the audit committee of the board of directors of IBGI.

Basis Adjustment ” means the increase or decrease to the tax basis of, or IBGI’s share of the tax basis of, IBG LLC’s assets (i) under Sections 734(b), 743(b) and 754 of the Code and the comparable sections of U.S. state and local income and franchise tax law as a result of the Original Sale, (ii) under Section 743(b) and 754 of the Code and the comparable sections of U.S. state and local income and franchise tax law as a result of any Exchange and (iii) under Sections 743(b) and 754 as a result of any payments under this Agreement.

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Business Day ” means any calendar day that is not a Saturday, Sunday or other calendar day on which banks are required or authorized to be closed in the City of New York.

Change Notice ” means a 30-day letter, a final audit report, a statutory notice of deficiency or similar written notice with respect to Covered Taxes from any Taxing Authority with respect to the treatment of the Original Sale or any Exchange.

Code ” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended  (or any successor U.S. federal income tax statute and the corresponding provisions thereof).

Covered Taxable Year ” means any Taxable Year of IBGI ending after the Original Sale Date and on or before the Scheduled Termination Date or Early Termination Date, as applicable.

Covered Taxes ” means any tax imposed under Subtitle A of the Code or any other provision of U.S. federal income tax law (including, without limitation, the taxes imposed by Sections 11, 55, 59A, and 1201(a) of the Code) and U.S. state and local income and franchise taxes.

Determination ” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 1313(a) of the Code or similar provision of state or local income or franchise tax law, as applicable.

Early Termination Date ” is the last day of the Taxable Year in which an Early Termination Notice is given.

Early Termination Notice ” is defined in Section 4.02 of this Agreement.

Early Termination Payment ” shall mean, as of the date of an Early Termination Notice, a payment equal to the present value, discounted at the Termination Rate, of all Tax Benefit Payments that would be required to be paid by IBGI to IBG Holdings during the period from the date of the Early Termination Notice through the Scheduled Termination Date assuming the Valuation Assumptions are applied.

Exchange ” is defined in the recitals.

Exchange Agreement ” is defined in the recitals.

Exchange Assets ” means the assets owned by IBG LLC as of an applicable Exchange Date (and any asset whose tax basis is determined, in whole or in part, by reference to the adjusted basis of any such asset).

Exchange Basis Schedule ” is defined in Section 2.04(a) of this Agreement.

Exchange Date ” means the date on which an Exchange is effected.

Final Adjustment ” is defined in Section 3.03(b).

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Governmental Entity ” means any U.S. federal, state or local government or any court of competent jurisdiction, administrative agency or commission or other domestic governmental authority or instrumentality.

Hypothetical Tax Basis ” means, with respect to any asset at any time, the tax basis that such asset would have at such time if no Basis Adjustment had been made as a result of the Original Sale or an applicable Exchange, as the case may be.

Hypothetical Tax Liability ” means, with respect to any Covered Taxable Year, the liability for Covered Taxes of IBGI using the same methods, elections, conventions and similar practices used on the actual Tax Returns of IBGI, but using the Hypothetical Tax Basis instead of the actual tax basis of each relevant asset and excluding any deduction attributable to the Imputed Interest.

IBG Holdings ” is defined in the preamble.

IBG Holdings Operating Agreement ” means the Operating Agreement of IBG Holdings dated as of May 3, 2007.

IBGI ” is defined in the preamble.

Imputed Interest ” and “ Imputed Principal ” shall mean the portion of a payment treated as interest or principal, as applicable, under Section 1272, 1274 or 483 or other provision of the Code and the similar section of the applicable U.S. state or local income or franchise tax law with respect to IBGI’s payment obligations to IBG Holdings under this Agreement.

IRS ” means the U.S. Internal Revenue Service.

LIBOR ” means, for each month (or portion thereof) during any period, an interest rate per annum equal to the rate per annum reported, on the date two days prior to the first day of such month, on the Telerate Page 3750 (or if such screen shall cease to be publicly available, as reported on Reuters Screen page “LIBO” or by any other publicly available source of such market rate) for London interbank offered rates for U.S. dollar deposits for such month (or portion thereof).

Members ” is defined in the recitals.

Original Assets ” means the assets owned by IBG LLC as of the date of the Original Sale and any asset whose tax basis is determined, in whole or in part, by reference to the adjusted basis of any such asset.

Original Sale ” is defined in the recitals.

Original Sale Basis Schedule ” is defined in Section 2.02 of this Agreement.

Original Sale Date ” means the date on which the Original Sale is effected.

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Person ” means and includes any individual, firm, corporation, partnership (including, without limitation, any limited, general or limited liability partnership), company, limited liability company, trust, joint venture, association, joint stock company, unincorporated organization or similar entity or Governmental Entity.

Potential Reduction ” is defined in Section 3.03(a) of this Agreement.

Preliminary Termination Notice ” is defined in Section 4.02(b).

Proceeding ” a suit, action or proceeding relating to this Agreement.

Realized Tax Benefit ” means, for a Covered Taxable Year, the excess, if any, of the Hypothetical Tax Liability over the Assumed Tax Liability for such Covered Taxable Year, less the fees, charges and expenses of the Advisory Firm and the expert described in Section 7.09 related to this Agreement paid by IBGI in the relevant Covered Taxable Year.  If all or a portion of the Assumed Tax Liability for Covered Taxes for the Covered Taxable Year arises as a result of an audit by a Taxing Authority of any Covered Taxable Year, such adjustment to the liability shall not be included in determining the Realized Tax Benefit or the Realized Tax Detriment unless and until there has been a Determination.

Realized Tax Detriment ” means, for a Covered Taxable Year, the excess, if any, of the Assumed Tax Liability of IBGI over the Hypothetical Tax Liability for such Covered Taxable Year, plus the fees, charges and expenses of the Advisory Firm and the expert described in Section 7.09 related to this Agreement paid by IBGI in the relevant Covered Taxable Year.  If all or a portion of the Assumed Tax Liability arises as a result of an audit by a Taxing Authority of any Covered Taxable Year, such adjustment to the liability shall not be included in determining the Realized Tax Benefit or Realized Tax Detriment unless and until there has been a Determination.

Reconciliation Procedures ” shall mean those procedures set forth in Section 7.02 of this Agreement.

Scheduled Termination Date ” shall mean the date on which this Agreement would terminate in the absence of an Early Termination Notice as provided in Section 4.01.

Senior Obligations ” means principal, interest or other amounts due and payable in respect of any debt of IBGI for borrowed funds.

Tax Benefit Payment ” is defined in Section 3.01(b) of this Agreement.

Tax Benefit Schedule ” is defined in Section 2.05(a) of this Agreement.

Taxable Year ” means a taxable year as defined in Section 441(b) of the Code or comparable section of U.S. state or local income or franchise tax law, as applicable (and,

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therefore, for the avoidance of doubt, may include a period of less than 12 months for which a Tax Return is made).

Tax Return ” means any return or filing required to be made with respect to Covered Taxes, including amended returns, for any Taxable Year with any Taxing Authority.

Taxing Authority ” means the IRS and any state or local Governmental Entity responsible for the administration of Covered Taxes.

Termination Rate ” means the Applicable Treasury Rate plus 300 basis points, where the “ Applicable Treasury Rate ” means a rate equal to the yield to maturity as of the date an Early Termination Notice is delivered of U.S. Treasury securities with a constant maturity (as compiled and published in the most recent Federal Reserve Statistical Release H. 15 (519)) of ten years.

Treasury Regulations ” means the final, temporary and proposed regulations under the Code promulgated from time to time (including corresponding provisions of succeeding provisions) as in effect for the relevant taxable period.

Valuation Assumptions ” shall mean, as of any Valuation Date, the assumptions described in Schedule A to this Agreement.

Valuation Date ” means the date of an Early Termination Notice for purposes of determining an Early Termination Payment.

ARTICLE II

Determination of Realized Tax Benefit or Realized Tax Detriment

SECTION 2.01.  Original Sale Basis Adjustment .  IBGI and IBG Holdings hereby acknowledge and agree that (i) IBG Holdings will recognize gain on the Original Sale under Section 741 of the Code, and (ii) IBGI’s share of the basis in the Original Assets shall be increased by the excess of its adjusted basis in the interests in IBG LLC acquired by IBGI in the Original Sale, adjusted to take into account the Imputed Principal of Tax Benefit Payments as made, over the acquired interests’ proportionate share of the basis of the Original Assets on the Original Sale Date.

SECTION 2.02.  Original Sale Basis Schedule .

(a)           Generally.  Within 120 calendar days after the Original Sale Date, IBGI shall deliver (or cause IBG LLC to deliver) to IBG Holdings a schedule (the “ Original Sale Basis Schedule ”) that shows, in reasonable detail, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, (i) the actual tax basis as of the Original Sale Date of the Original Assets, (ii) the Basis Adjustment with respect to the Original Assets as a result of the Original Sale and (iii) the period or periods, if any, over which the Original Assets are amortizable or depreciable for U.S. federal income tax

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purposes.  At the time IBG LLC delivers the Original Sale Basis Schedule to IBG Holdings, IBGI shall (x) deliver (or cause IBG LLC to deliver) to IBG Holdings schedules and work papers providing reasonable detail regarding the preparation of the Original Sale Basis Schedule and an Advisory Firm Letter supporting such Original Sale Basis Schedule and (y) allow IBG Holdings reasonable access to the appropriate representatives at IBGI, IBG LLC and the Advisory Firm in connection with its review of such schedule.  The Original Sale Basis Schedule shall become final and binding on the parties unless IBG Holdings, within 30 calendar days after receiving such Original Sale Basis Schedule, provides IBGI with notice of a material objection to such Original Sale Basis Schedule made in good faith and in reasonable detail.  If the parties, negotiating in good faith, are unable to successfully resolve the issues raised in such notice within 30 calendar days after such notice was delivered to IBGI, IBGI and IBG Holdings shall employ the Reconciliation Procedures.

(b)           Amendments to Original Sale Basis Schedule .  The Original Sale Basis Schedule may be amended from time to time by IBGI with the consent of the Audit Committee (i) in connection with a Determination, (ii) to correct inaccuracies to the Original Sale Basis Schedule identified after the Original Sale Date as a result of the receipt of additional information relating to facts or circumstances on or prior to the Original Sale Date or (iii) to comply with the expert’s determination under the Reconciliation Procedures.  At the time IBGI delivers such amended Original Sale Basis Schedule to IBG Holdings, it shall (x) deliver to IBG Holdings schedules and work papers providing reasonable detail regarding the preparation of the amended Original Sale Basis Schedule and an Advisory Firm Letter supporting such amended Original Sale Basis Schedule and (y) allow IBG Holdings reasonable access to the appropriate representatives at IBG, IBG LLC and the Advisory Firm in connection with its review of such schedule.  The amended Original Sale Basis Schedule shall become final and binding on the parties unless IBG Holdings, within 30 calendar days after receiving such amended Original Sale Basis Schedule, provides IBGI with notice of a material objection to such amended Original Sale Basis Schedule made in good faith and in reasonable detail.  If the parties, negotiating in good faith, are unable to successfully resolve the issues raised in such notice within 30 calendar days after such notice was delivered to IBGI, IBGI and IBG Holdings shall employ the Reconciliation Procedures.

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SECTION 2.03.  Basis Adjustment Attributable to an Exchange .  Pursuant to an Exchange, IBG Holdings shall sell and exchange a number of interests in IBG LLC to IBGI as necessary to provide IBG Holdings with consideration to give effect to any redemption of interests of the Members in IBG Holdings.  The parties hereto acknowledge that (i) IBG Holdings will recognize taxable gain or loss on the Exchange for U.S. federal income tax purposes under Section 741 of the Code, and (ii) IBGI’s share of the basis in the Exchange Assets shall be increased by the excess, if any, of (A) adjusted basis in the interests in IBG LLC acquired by IBGI, adjusted to take into account the Imputed Principal of any Tax Benefit Payments as made by IBGI with respect thereto, over (B) IBGI’s proportionate share of the basis of the Exchange Assets immediately after the Exchange attributable to the IBG LLC interests exchanged.  IBGI and IBG Holdings will treat such gain and basis adjustment as occurring entirely on the Exchange Date unless there is a Determination to the contrary.

SECTION 2.04.  Exchange Basis Schedule .

(a)           Generally.  Within 120 calendar days after the end of a Covered Taxable Year in which any Exchange has been effected, IBGI shall deliver (or cause IBG LLC to deliver) to IBG Holdings a schedule (the “ Exchange Basis Schedule ”) approved by the Audit Committee that shows, in reasonable detail, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, (i) the actual tax basis as of the first applicable Exchange Date in such Covered Taxable Year of the Exchange Assets, (ii) the Basis Adjustment with respect to the Exchange Assets as a result of the Exchanges effected in such Covered Taxable Year, calculated in the aggregate, and (iii) the period or periods, if any, over which the Exchange Assets are amortizable or depreciable.  At the time IBGI delivers (or causes IBG LLC to deliver) the Exchange Basis Schedule to IBG Holdings, it shall (x) deliver (or cause IBG LLC to deliver) to IBG Holdings schedules and work papers providing reasonable detail regarding the preparation of the Exchange Basis Schedule and an Advisory Firm Letter supporting such Exchange Basis Schedule and (y) allow IBG Holdings reasonable access to the appropriate representatives at IBGI, IBG LLC and the Advisory Firm in connection with its review of such schedule.  The Exchange Basis Schedule shall become final and binding on the parties unless IBG Holdings, within 30 calendar days after receiving such Exchange Basis Schedule, provides IBGI with notice of a material objection to such Exchange Basis Schedule made in good faith and in reasonable detail.  If the parties, negotiating in good faith, are unable to successfully resolve the issues raised in such notice within 30 calendar days after such notice was delivered to IBGI, IBGI and IBG Holdings shall employ the Reconciliation Procedures.

(b)           Amendments to Exchange Basis Schedule .  The Exchange Basis Schedule may be amended from time to time by IBGI with the consent of the Audit Committee (i) in connection with a Determination, (ii) to correct inaccuracies to the original Exchange Basis Schedule identified after the date of the Exchange as a result of the receipt of additional information or (iii) to comply with the expert’s determination under the Reconciliation Procedures.  At the time IBGI delivers such amended Exchange Basis Schedule to IBG Holdings, it shall (x) deliver to IBG Holdings schedules and work papers providing reasonable detail regarding the preparation of the amended Exchange Basis Schedule and an Advisory Firm Letter supporting such amended Exchange Basis Schedule and (y) allow IBG Holdings

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reasonable access to the appropriate representatives at IBGI, IBG LLC and the Advisory Firm in connection with its review of such schedule.  The amended Exchange Basis Schedule shall become final and binding on the parties unless IBG Holdings, within 30 calendar days after receiving such amended Exchange Basis Schedule, provides IBGI with notice of a material objection to such amended Exchange Basis Schedule made in good faith and in reasonable detail.  If the parties, negotiating in good faith, are unable to successfully resolve the issues raised in such notice within 30 calendar days after such notice was delivered to IBGI, IBGI and IBG Holdings shall employ the Reconciliation Procedures.

SECTION 2.05.  Tax Benefit Schedule .

(a)           Generally.  Within 10 calendar days after filing its U.S. federal income Tax Return for the relevant Covered Taxable Year, IBGI shall provide to IBG Holdings a schedule approved by the Audit Committee showing, in reasonable detail, the calculation of IBGI’s Realized Tax Benefit or Realized Tax Detriment for such Covered Taxable Year (the “ Tax Benefit Schedule ”).  At the time IBGI delivers the Tax Benefit Schedule to IBG Holdings it shall (i) deliver to IBG Holdings schedules and work papers providing reasonable detail regarding the preparation of the Tax Benefit Schedule and an Advisory Firm Letter supporting such Tax Benefit Schedule and (ii) allow IBG Holdings reasonable access to the appropriate representatives at IBGI, IBG LLC and the Advisory Firm in connection with its review of such schedules.  The Tax Benefit Schedule shall become final and binding on the parties unless IBG Holdings, within 30 calendar days after receiving such Tax Benefit Schedule, provides IBGI with notice of a material objection to such Tax Benefit Schedule made in good faith and in reasonable detail.  If the parties, negotiating in good faith, are unable to successfully resolve the issues raised in such notice within 30 calendar days after receipt thereof by IBGI, IBGI and IBG Holdings shall employ the Reconciliation Procedures.

(b)           Amendments to Tax Benefit Schedule .  A Tax Benefit Schedule for any Covered Taxable Year may be amended from time to time by IBGI with the consent of the Audit Committee (i) in connection with a Determination affecting such Tax Benefit Schedule, (ii) to correct inaccuracies in the original Tax Benefit Schedule identified as a result of the receipt of additional factual information relating to a Covered Taxable Year after the date the Tax Benefit Schedule was provided to IBG Holdings, (iii) to reflect a change in the Realized Tax Benefit or Realized Tax Detriment for such Covered Taxable Year attributable to a carryback or carryforward of a loss or other tax item to such Covered Taxable Year, (iv) to reflect a change in the Realized Tax Benefit or Realized Tax Detriment for such Covered Taxable Year attributable to an amended tax return filed for such Covered Taxable Year ( provided , however , that such a change attributable to an audit of a Tax Return by an applicable Taxing Authority shall not be taken into account on an Amended Tax Benefit Schedule unless and until there has been a Determination with respect to such change) or (v) to comply with the expert’s determination under the Reconciliation Procedures.  At the time IBGI delivers such an amended Tax Benefit Schedule pursuant to this Section 2.05(b) (an “ Amended Tax Benefit Schedule ”) to IBG Holdings it shall (x) deliver to IBG Holdings schedules and work papers providing reasonable detail regarding the preparation of the Amended Tax Benefit Schedule and an Advisory Firm

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Letter supporting such Amended Tax Benefit Schedule and (y) allow IBG Holdings reasonable access to the appropriate representatives at IBGI, IBG LLC and the Advisory Firm in connection with its review of such schedule.  Such Amended Tax Benefit Schedule shall become final and binding on the parties unless IBG Holdings, within 30 calendar days after receiving such Amended Tax Benefit Schedule, provides IBGI with notice of a material objection to such Amended Tax Benefit Schedule made in good faith and in reasonable detail.  If the parties, negotiating in good faith, are unable to successfully resolve the issues raised in such notice within 30 calendar days after such notice was delivered to IBGI, IBGI and IBG Holdings shall employ the Reconciliation Procedures.

(c)           Applicable Principles .  The Realized Tax Benefit or Realized Tax Detriment for each Covered Taxable Year is intended to measure the decrease or increase in the actual Covered Tax liability of IBGI for such Covered Taxable Year attributable to the Basis Adjustment and Imputed Interest, determined using a “with and without” methodology.  For avoidance of doubt, the actual Covered Tax liability will take into account the deduction of the portion of the Tax Benefit Payment that must be accounted for as Imputed Interest under the Code based upon the characterization of the Tax Benefit Payment as additional consideration payable by IBGI for the IBG LLC interests acquired in the Original Sale or an Exchange, as applicable.  Carryovers or carrybacks of any Covered Tax item attributable to the Basis Adjustment and Imputed Interest (determined using such “with and without” methodology) shall be considered to be subject to the rules of the Code and the Treasury Regulations or the appropriate provisions of U.S. state and local income and franchise tax law, as applicable, governing the use, limitation and expiration of carryovers or carrybacks of the relevant type.  If a carryover or carryback of any Covered Tax item includes a portion that is attributable to the Basis Adjustment or Imputed Interest and another portion that is not, such portions shall be considered to be used in the order determined using such “with and without” methodology.

SECTION 2.06.  No Certainty of Tax Benefit .  Tax Benefit Payments will only be made based upon Realized Tax Benefits.  The parties acknowledge that circumstances may exist where either no Basis Adjustment results from an Exchange, no positive Basis Adjustment results from an Exchange or no Tax Benefit is realized as the result of a positive Basis Adjustment resulting from an Exchange.  For example, if as the result of overlapping ownership of IBGI and IBG Holdings IBGI and IBG Holdings are “related persons” within the meaning of the anti-churning rules of Code Section 197(f)(9), the portion of the Basis Adjustment allocable to good will for the account of IBGI will not be subject to amortization.  In any such circumstance, Tax Benefit Payments that would otherwise have become due will not become due or will become due in greatly reduced amounts.

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ARTICLE III

Tax Benefit Payments

SECTION 3.01.  Payments .

(a)           Except as provided in Section 3.03, within three calendar days of the delivery of the Tax Benefit Schedule to IBG Holdings for any Covered Taxable Year, IBGI shall pay to IBG Holdings an amount equal to the Tax Benefit Payment (as defined below) for such Covered Taxable Year.  Each Tax Benefit Payment shall be made by wire transfer of immediately available funds to the bank account of IBG Holdings previously designated by IBG Holdings to IBGI.  For the avoidance of doubt, no Tax Benefit Payment shall be made in respect of estimated tax payments, including, without limitation, estimated federal income tax payments.

(b)           A “ Tax Benefit Payment ” shall equal 85% of IBGI’s Realized Tax Benefit, if any, for a Covered Taxable Year,

increased by :

(1)           interest calculated at the Agreed Rate from the due date (without extensions) for filing the Tax Return for such Covered Taxable Year); and

(2)           85% of the amount of the excess Realized Tax Benefit reflected on an Amended Tax Benefit Schedule for a previous Covered Taxable Year over the Realized Tax Benefit (or Realized Tax Detriment) reflected on the Tax Benefit Schedule for such previous Covered Taxable Year, and

decreased by :

(3)           an amount equal to 85% of IBGI’s Realized Tax Detriment (if any) for any previous Covered Taxable Year; and

(4)           85% of the amount of the excess Realized Tax Benefit reflected on the Tax Benefit Schedule for a previous Covered Taxable Year over the Realized Tax Benefit (or Realized Tax Detriment) reflected on the Amended Tax Benefit Schedule for such previous Covered Taxable Year;

provided , however, that the amounts described in clauses 3.01(b)(2), (3) and (4) shall not be taken into account in determining a Tax Benefit Payment attributable to any Covered Taxable Year to the extent of such amounts taken into account in determining any Tax Benefit Payment in a preceding Covered Taxable Year.

SECTION 3.02.  No Duplicative Payment .  No duplicative payment of any amount (including interest) will be required under this Agreement.

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SECTION 3.03.  Suspension of Tax Benefit Payments Following Change Notice .  If IBGI or IBG LLC receives a Change Notice, which, if sustained, would result in (i) a reduction in the amount of Realized Tax Benefit (or the increase in the amount of Realized Tax Detriment) with respect to a Covered Taxable Year preceding the taxable year in which the Change Notice is received or (ii) a reduction in the amount of Tax Benefit Payments IBGI will be required to pay to IBG Holdings with respect to Covered Taxable Years after and including the taxable year in which the Change Notice is received (either, a “ Potential Reduction ”), prompt written notice shall be given to IBG Holdings, and Tax Benefit Payments shall be suspended as necessary to maintain the status quo until a Determination is reached with respect to the Change Notice.

SECTION 3.04.  Repayment or Additional Payment of Tax Benefit upon Final Adjustment .  If a Determination with respect to the Change Notice results in a reduction (or increase) in the amount that should have been paid as any Tax Benefit Payment (the “ Final Adjustment ”), then not later than 30 days after IBGI provides IBG Holdings with a copy of the Determination, IBG Holdings shall pay or cause to be paid to IBGI 85% of the Final Adjustment in the case of a reduction, or IBGI shall pay to IBG Holdings 85% of the Final Adjustment in the case of an increase.  All suspended Tax Benefit Payments, adjusted as necessary to reflect the Determination, shall promptly be made.

ARTICLE IV

Termination

SECTION 4.01.  Scheduled Termination Date .  This Agreement shall terminate effective upon the earlier of (i) the end of the Taxable Year that includes the 50 th  anniversary of the Original Sale Date, or (ii) the end of the Taxable Year that includes the 16 th  anniversary of the date upon which all rights of sale and exchange granted under the Exchange Agreement have terminated.  Upon the Scheduled Termination Date, IBGI shall have no further payment obligations under this Agreement, other than for (i) any Tax Benefit Payment agreed to by IBGI and IBG Holdings as due and payable but unpaid as of the Scheduled Termination Date and (ii) any Tax Benefit Payment with respect to the Covered Taxable Year ending with the Scheduled Termination Date.

SECTION 4.02.  Early Termination .

(a)           At any time after the 25th anniversary of the date of this Agreement, IBGI may terminate this Agreement with the consent of the Audit Committee effective as of the Early Termination Date by paying to IBG Holdings the Early Termination Payment as provided in paragraph (c) below.  Upon payment of the Early Termination Payment by IBGI, IBGI shall have no further payment obligations under this Agreement, other than for any (i) Tax Benefit Payment agreed to by IBGI and IBG Holdings as due and payable but unpaid as of the Early Termination Date and (ii) any Tax Benefit Payment due for the Covered Taxable Year ending with or including the Early Termination Date (except to the extent that the amount described in clause (i) or (ii) is included in the Early Termination Payment).

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(b)           If IBGI intends to exercise its right of early termination, it shall first provide at least 60 days’ (but not more than 90 days’) prior written notice of its intention to exercise its termination rights with respect to this Agreement to IBG Holdings (the “ Preliminary Termination Notice ”); and, for the next succeeding 30 days, IBG Holdings shall have the right to sell and exchange its interests in IBG LLC in accordance with the Exchange Agreement.  To exercise its right of early termination under Section 4.02(a) above, within 60 days following the requisite Preliminary Termination Notice to IBG Holdings, IBGI shall deliver to IBG Holdings a notice (the “ Early Termination Notice ”) specifying IBGI’s intention to exercise its right of termination and showing in reasonable detail the calculation of the Early Termination Payment.  At the time IBGI delivers the Early Termination Notice to IBG Holdings, IBGI shall (i) deliver to IBG Holdings schedules and work papers providing reasonable detail regarding the calculation of the Early Termination Payment, in a manner consistent with the definition of such term and an Advisory Firm Letter supporting such calculation and (ii) allow IBG Holdings reasonable access to the appropriate representatives at IBGI, IBG LLC and the Advisory Firm in connection with its review of such calculation.  The calculation contained in such Early Termination Notice shall become final and binding on the parties unless IBG Holdings, within 30 calendar days after receiving such calculation, provides IBGI with notice of a material objection to such calculation made in good faith and in reasonable detail.  If the parties, negotiating in good faith, are unable to successfully resolve the issues raised in such calculation within 30 calendar days after such notice of material objection, IBGI, and IBG Holdings shall employ the Reconciliation Procedures.

(c)           Within forty-five (45) calendar days after the delivery to IBG Holdings of the Early Termination Notice or ten (10) days after any amendment to the Early Termination Notice, IBGI shall pay to IBG Holdings an amount equal to the Early Termination Payment.  Such payment shall be made by wire transfer of immediately available funds to a bank account designated by IBG Holdings.

(d)           For the avoidance of doubt, IBG Holdings shall not be entitled to cause an early termination of this Agreement.

ARTICLE V

Subordination and Late Payments

SECTION 5.01.  Subordination .  Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement to the contrary, any Tax Benefit Payment or Early Termination Payment required to be made by IBGI to IBG Holdings under this Agreement shall rank subordinate and junior in right of payment to any Senior Obligations and shall rank pari passu with all current or future unsecured obligations of IBGI that are not Senior Obligations.

SECTION 5.02.  Late Payments by IBGI .  The amount of all or any portion of a payment not made to IBG Holdings when due under the terms of this Agreement shall be payable together with any interest thereon, computed at the Agreed Rate and commencing from the date on which such payment was due and payable.

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ARTICLE VI

Election; No Disputes; Consistency; Cooperation

SECTION 6.01.  Election to be Filed .  As managing member of IBG LLC, IBGI shall cause IBG LLC to file an election under Section 754 of the Code commencing with its Taxable Year in which the Original Sale occurs.

SECTION 6.02.  IBG Holdings Participation In IBGI Tax Matters .  Except as otherwise provided herein, IBGI shall have full responsibility for, and sole discretion over, all matters concerning Covered Taxes of IBGI and IBG LLC, including without limitation the preparation, filing or amending of any Tax Return and defending, contesting or settling any issue pertaining to Covered Taxes.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, IBGI shall notify IBG Holdings of, and keep IBG Holdings reasonably informed with respect to, and IBG Holdings shall have the right to participate in and monitor (but, for the avoidance of doubt, not to control) the portion of any audit of IBGI by a Taxing Authority the outcome of which is reasonably expected to affect IBG Holdings’ rights under this Agreement.  IBGI shall provide to IBG Holdings reasonable opportunity to provide information and other input to IBGI and its advisors concerning the conduct of any such portion of such audits.  IBGI shall not settle or otherwise resolve any audit or other challenge by a Taxing Authority relating to the Basis Adjustment or the deduction of Imputed Interest without the consent of the Audit Committee and IBG Holdings, which consent IBG Holdings shall not unreasonably withhold, condition or delay.

SECTION 6.03.  Consistency .  Unless there is a Determination to the contrary, IBGI, IBG Holdings and the Members (in accordance with the IBG Holdings Operating Agreement), on their own behalf and on behalf of each of their affiliates, agree to report and cause to be reported for all U.S. purposes, including for purposes of all Covered Taxes and U.S. financial reporting purposes, all items related to Covered Taxes and this Agreement (including without limitation the Basis Adjustment and each Tax Benefit Payment) in a manner consistent with that specified by IBGI in any schedule, letter or certificate required to be provided by or on behalf of IBGI under this Agreement.  In the event that an Advisory Firm is replaced with another firm acceptable to the Audit Committee, such replacement Advisory Firm shall be required to perform its services under this Agreement using procedures and methodologies consistent with the previous Advisory Firm, unless otherwise required by law or IBGI, the Audit Committee and IBG Holdings agree to the use of other procedures and methodologies.

SECTION 6.04.  Cooperation .  IBG Holdings shall (and shall cause its affiliates to) (i) furnish to IBGI in a timely manner such information, documents and other materials as IBGI may reasonably request for purposes of making any determination or computation necessary or appropriate under this Agreement, preparing any Tax Return or contesting or defending any audit, examination or controversy with any Taxing Authority, (ii) make its employees available to IBGI and its representatives to provide explanations of documents and materials and such other information as IBGI or its representative may reasonably request in connection with any of

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the matters described in clause (i) above, and (iii) reasonably cooperate in connection with any such matter.

ARTICLE VII

General Provisions

SECTION 7.01.  Notices .  All notices, requests, claims, demands and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed duly given and received (i) on the date of delivery if delivered personally, or by facsimile upon confirmation of transmission by the sender’s fax machine if sent on a Business Day (or otherwise on the next Business Day) or (ii) on the first Business Day following the date of dispatch if delivered by a recognized next-day courier service.  All notices hereunder shall be delivered as set forth below, or pursuant to such other instructions as may be designated in writing by the party to receive such notice:

 

if to IBGI, to:

 

 

 

One Pickwick Plaza

 

Greenwich, CT 06830

 

Fax: (203) 618-5934

 

Attention: Thomas Peterffy, Chairman, Chief Executive
Officer and President

 

 

 

with a copy to:

 

 

 

Dechert LLP

 

30 Rockefeller Plaza

 

New York, NY 10112

 

Fax: (212) 698-3599

 

Attention: Adam M. Fox, Esq.

 

 

 

if to IBG Holdings, to:

 

 

 

One Pickwick Plaza

 

Greenwich, CT 06830

 

Fax: (203) 618-5934

 

Attention: Thomas Peterffy, Managing Member

 

Any party may change its address or fax number by giving the other party written notice of its new address or fax number in the manner set forth above.

SECTION 7.02.  Reconciliation .  In the event that IBGI and IBG Holdings are unable to resolve a disagreement within the relevant period designated in this Agreement, the matter shall be submitted for determination to a nationally recognized expert in the particular area of disagreement employed by a nationally recognized accounting firm or a law firm (other than the

15




Advisory Firm), which expert is mutually acceptable to both parties and the Audit Committee.  If the matter is not resolved before any payment that is the subject of a disagreement is due or any Tax Return reflecting the subject of a disagreement is due, such payment shall be made on the date prescribed by this Agreement and such Tax Return may be filed as prepared by IBGI, subject to adjustment or amendment upon resolution.  The determinations of the expert pursuant to this Section 7.02 shall be binding on IBGI, IBG LLC and IBG Holdings absent manifest error.

SECTION 7.03.  Withholding .  IBGI shall be entitled to deduct and withhold from any payment payable pursuant to this Agreement such amounts as IBGI is required to deduct and withhold with respect to the making of such payment under the Code, or any provision of state, local or foreign tax law.  To the extent that amounts are so withheld and paid over to the appropriate taxing authority by IBGI, such withheld amounts shall be treated for all purposes of this Agreement as having been paid to IBG Holdings.  Each party will cooperate to minimize withholding obligations, if any, with respect to payments required hereunder.

SECTION 7.04.  Submission to Jurisdiction; Waivers .  With respect to any Proceeding, each party to this Agreement irrevocably (i) consents and submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the courts of the States of New York and Delaware and any court of the U.S. located in the Borough of Manhattan in New York City or the State of Delaware; (ii) waives any objection which such party may have at any time to the laying of venue of any Proceeding brought in any such court, waives any claim that such Proceeding has been brought in an inconvenient forum and further waives the right to object, with respect to such Proceeding, that such court does not have jurisdiction over such party; (iii) consents to the service of process at the address set forth for notices in Section 7.01 herein; provided , however , that such manner of service of process shall not preclude the service of process in any other manner permitted under applicable law; and (iv) waives, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, any and all rights to trial by jury in connection with any Proceeding.

SECTION 7.05.  Amendments .  No amendment to this Agreement shall be effective unless it is (i) in writing, (ii) signed by IBGI and IBG Holdings and (iii) approved by the Audit Committee.

SECTION 7.06.  Entire Agreement; No Third Party Beneficiaries .  This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement and supersedes all prior agreements and understandings, both written and oral, among the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof.  This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure solely to the benefit of each party hereto and their respective successors and permitted assigns, and nothing in this Agreement, express or implied, is intended to or shall confer upon any other Person any right, benefit or remedy of any nature whatsoever under or by reason of this Agreement.

SECTION 7.07.  Severability .  If any term or other provision of this Agreement is invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced by any law or public policy, all other terms and provisions of this Agreement shall nevertheless remain in full force and effect so long as the economic or legal substance of the transactions contemplated hereby is not affected in any manner materially adverse to any party.  Upon such determination that any term or other

16




provision is invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced, the parties hereto shall negotiate in good faith to modify this Agreement so as to effect the original intent of the parties as closely as possible in an acceptable manner in order that the transactions contemplated hereby are consummated as originally contemplated to the greatest extent possible.

SECTION 7.08.  Successors’ Assignment .  IBG Holdings may assign its rights to Tax Benefit Payments pursuant to this Agreement to any of the Members without the prior written consent of IBGI and the Audit Committee, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed; provided , however , IBG Holdings may pledge some or all of its rights, interests or entitlements under this Agreement to any U.S. money center bank in connection with a bona fide loan or other indebtedness.  IBGI may not assign any of its rights, interests or entitlements under this Agreement without the consent of IBG Holdings, not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed.  Subject to each of the two immediately preceding sentences, this Agreement will be binding upon, inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by, the parties and their respective successors and assigns including any acquirer of all or substantially all of the assets of IBGI.

SECTION 7.09.  Counterparts .  This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, all of which shall be considered one and the same agreement and shall become effective when one or more counterparts have been signed by each of the parties and delivered to the other parties, it being understood that all parties need not sign the same counterpart.

SECTION 7.10.  Titles and Subtitles .  The titles of the sections and subsections of this Agreement are for convenience of reference only and are not to be considered in construing this Agreement.

SECTION 7.11.  Governing Law .  This Agreement shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York without giving effect to applicable principles of conflict of laws.

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, IBGI and IBG Holdings have duly executed this Agreement as of the date first written above.

INTERACTIVE BROKERS GROUP, INC.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Thomas Peterffy

 

 

 

Name:

Thomas Peterffy

 

 

Title:

Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and

 

 

President

 

 

 

 

Address:

One Pickwick Plaza

 

 

Greenwich, CT 06830

 

 

 

 

IBG HOLDINGS LLC

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Thomas Peterffy

 

 

 

Name:

Thomas Peterffy

 

 

Title:

Managing Member

 

 

 

 

Address:

One Pickwick Plaza

 

 

Greenwich, CT 06830

 



 

EXHIBIT 31.1

CERTIFICATION

I, Thomas Peterffy, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2007 of Interactive Brokers Group, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) [Reserved];

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

By:

  /s/ Thomas Peterffy

 

 

Name: Thomas Peterffy

 

 

Title:   Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President

Date: June 15, 2007

 

 

 

 



 

EXHIBIT 31.2

CERTIFICATION

I, Paul J. Brody, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2007 of Interactive Brokers Group, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) [Reserved];

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

By:

  /s/ Paul J. Brody

 

 

Name: Paul J. Brody

 

 

Title:   Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary

Date: June 15, 2007

 

 

 

 



 

EXHIBIT 32.1

CERTIFICATION

Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, the undersigned officer of Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. (the “Company”) hereby certifies that the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2007 (the “Report”) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and that the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

 

By:

  /s/ Thomas Peterffy

 

 

Name: Thomas Peterffy

 

 

Title:   Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President

Date: June 15, 2007

 

 

 

 

The foregoing certification is being furnished solely pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350 and is not being filed as part of the Report or as a separate disclosure document.

 



 

EXHIBIT 32.2

CERTIFICATION

Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, the undersigned officer of Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. (the “Company”) hereby certifies that the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2007 (the “Report”) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and that the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

 

By:

  /s/ Paul J. Brody

 

 

Name: Paul J. Brody

 

 

Title:   Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary

Date: June 15, 2007

 

 

 

 

The foregoing certification is being furnished solely pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350 and is not being filed as part of the Report or as a separate disclosure document.