As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 19, 2008

 

1933 Act File No. 333-151800

1940 Act File No. 811-22211

 

 

U.S. SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

FORM N-1A

 

 

REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

x

 

 

Pre-Effective Amendment No. 2  

x

 

 

 

 

 

Post-Effective Amendment No.

o

 

and/or

 

 

REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940

x

 

 

Amendment No. 2

x

 

(Check appropriate box or boxes)

 

IVA Fiduciary Trust

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)

 

645 Madison Avenue

12th Floor

New York, NY 10022

(Address of Principal Executive Offices)

(Zip Code)

 

Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code: (212) 584-3570

 

Michael W. Malafronte

c/o IVA Fiduciary Trust

645 Madison Avenue

12th Floor

New York, NY 10022

(Name and Address of Agent for Service)

 

With copies to:

 

Robert J. Borzone, Jr.

Ropes & Gray LLP

1211 Avenue of the Americas

New York, NY 10036-8704

 

Approximate date of Proposed Public Offering: As soon as practicable after the effective date of this Registration Statement.

 

It is proposed that this filing will become effective (check appropriate box):

 

o immediately upon filing pursuant to paragraph (b)

o on (date) pursuant to paragraph (b)

o 60 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(1)

o on (date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(1)

o 75 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(2)

o on (date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(2), of Rule 485.

 

If appropriate, check the following box:

 

o       This post-effective amendment designates a new effective date for a previously filed post-effective amendment.

 

Pursuant to the provisions of Rule 24f-2 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, Registrant declares that an indefinite number of its shares of common stock are being registered under the Securities Act of 1933 by this registration statement.

 

THE REGISTRANT HEREBY AMENDS THIS REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 ON SUCH DATE OR DATES AS MAY BE NECESSARY TO DELAY ITS EFFECTIVE DATE UNTIL THE REGISTRANT SHALL FILE A FURTHER AMENDMENT WHICH SPECIFICALLY STATES THAT THIS REGISTRATION STATEMENT SHALL THEREAFTER BECOME EFFECTIVE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION 8(a) OF THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 OR UNTIL THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT SHALL BECOME EFFECTIVE ON SUCH DATE AS THE COMMISSION, ACTING PURSUANT TO SECTION 8(a), MAY DETERMINE.

 

 

 



 

The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.  

 

Subject to Completion

 

Preliminary Prospectus Dated as of September 19, 2008

 

 

IVA FIDUCIARY TRUST

 

PROSPECTUS

 

September, 2008

 

IVA Worldwide Fund

 

IVA International Fund

 

As with all mutual funds, the Securities and Exchange Commission has not approved or disapproved these securities or determined whether this Prospectus is accurate or complete.  Any statement to the contrary is a crime.

 

An investment in the Funds is not a bank deposit and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency.

 



 

IVA FIDUCIARY TRUST

 

IVA Worldwide Fund

IVA International Fund

 

CONTENTS

 

THE FUNDS

 

Investment Objective and Principal Investment Strategies

1

Principal Investment Risks

3

Performance

6

Fees and Expenses

7

Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings

9

INVESTMENT ADVISER

11

Management Fee

11

The Portfolio Managers

11

Approval of Advisory Agreements

12

Distribution and Servicing (12b-1) Plans

12

Payments to Financial Firms

13

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT YOUR INVESTMENT

15

How to Purchase Shares

15

Minimum Account Size

16

Systematic Investment Program

16

Frequent Purchases and Sales of Fund Shares

16

Customer Identification Program

17

How Fund Share Prices Are Calculated

17

Investment Options – Class A, C and I Shares

18

HOW TO REDEEM OR EXCHANGE SHARES

20

Exchanging Your Shares

21

Redeeming Your Shares

22

Retirement Plans

23

Dividend Reinvestment Program

23

Dividends, Distributions and Taxes

24

Financial Highlights

26

Useful Shareholder Information

27

 

i



 

THE FUNDS

 

INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE AND PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES

 

IVA Worldwide Fund

 

Investment Objective: The IVA Worldwide Fund will seek long-term growth of capital by investing in a range of securities and asset classes from markets around the world, including U.S. markets.  However, there is no assurance that the Fund’s investment objective will be achieved.

 

Since the Fund’s investment objective has been adopted as a non-fundamental investment policy, the Fund’s investment objective may be changed without a vote of shareholders upon 60 days prior written notice.

 

Principal Investment Strategies: To achieve its objective, the Worldwide Fund primarily seeks equity investments in companies of any capitalization that have fundamental value, financial strength and stability. However, the Fund may invest in companies with fundamental value that do not have the other characteristics.

 

The Adviser, under normal market conditions, intends to invest at least 40% but no less than 30% of the Fund’s total assets in equity and debt securities issued by foreign companies and governments.  

 

The Worldwide Fund identifies investment opportunities through intensive research of individual companies and generally does not focus on stock market conditions and other macro factors. For these reasons, the Worldwide Fund may seek investments in the equity securities of companies in industries that are believed to be temporarily depressed. The Worldwide Fund determines an issuer’s economic ties to a particular country based on the location where such issuer is headquartered or incorporated, or the location from where the issuer derives at least 50% of its revenues or profits if such location is other than the location where such issuer is headquartered or incorporated.

 

Under normal circumstances, no one position in equity securities will exceed 5% of the total assets of the Fund at the time of investment. If the Fund’s position in one of the above referenced securities exceeds 5% of the Fund’s total assets after the time of investment, the Fund may continue to hold such securities.

 

As part of the principal investment strategies, the Fund intends to invest in (a) foreign and domestic fixed income securities, (b) common equity securities, American Depositary Receipts (“ADRs”) and Global Depositary Receipts (“GDRs”), and (c) precious metals, primarily gold bullion, silver, platinum and palladium.  Under normal circumstances, the Fund will invest in the following fixed income securities: notes, bills and debentures that are investment grade (rated in one of the four highest ratings categories by Moody’s or Standard & Poor’s); bank debt obligations, high-yield debt securities (commonly referred to as “junk bonds”), convertible securities, loan participations, Rule 144A securities and structured notes that are below investment grade (rated Ba or lower by Moody’s or BB or lower by Standard & Poor’s); and securities issued by supranational organizations and sovereign debt securities which are rated by Moody’s or Standard & Poor’s as either investment grade or below investment grade.   In selecting debt securities to achieve the Fund’s investment objective, the Adviser will consider the likelihood of default and the potential for capital appreciation. Although the Fund may purchase precious metals in any form (bullion and coins or contract form), the Fund intends to purchase only those forms of precious metals that are readily marketable and that can be stored in accordance with custody regulations applicable to mutual funds.

 

When deemed appropriate by the Adviser for short term investment or defensive purposes, the Fund may hold up to 100% of its assets in cash and equivalents including government obligations in the local currency of any developed country including the U.S., commercial paper and certificates of deposit.  To the extent the Fund employs a temporary defensive measure, the Fund may not achieve its investment goal.  

 

The Adviser will sell a security when it determines that such security no longer offers fundamental value and financial strength and stability.

 

For a discussion of the Fund’s policies regarding the ratings of investment securities and the use of nationally recognized statistical ratings agencies, such as Moody’s Investor Service, Inc. and Standard & Poor’s Corporation, please see the “Securities Ratings” section in the Fund’s Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”). Any investments in unrated bonds will be evaluated by the Adviser or by a nationally recognized ratings agency to determine the comparative credit quality of the unrated debt.   

 

IVA International Fund

 

Investment Objective:   The International Fund will seek long-term growth of capital by investing in a range of securities and asset classes from markets around the world, excluding U.S. markets. However, there is no assurance that the Funds’ investment objective will be achieved.

 

1



 

Since the Fund’s investment objective has been adopted as a non-fundamental investment policy, the Fund’s investment objective may be changed without a vote of shareholders upon 60 days prior written notice.

 

IVA International Fund will generally invest in markets outside the United States, and IVA Worldwide Fund will invest globally, including the U.S.

 

Principal Investment Strategies: To achieve its objective, the International Fund primarily seeks equity investments in companies of any capitalization that have fundamental value, financial strength and stability.  However, the Fund may invest in companies with fundamental value that do not have the other characteristics.

 

The Adviser, under normal market conditions, intends to invest at least 80% of the Fund’s total assets in equity and debt securities issued by foreign companies and governments.

 

The International Fund identifies investment opportunities through intensive research of individual companies and generally does not focus on stock market conditions and other macro factors. For these reasons, the International Fund may seek investments in the equity securities of companies in industries that are believed to be temporarily depressed. The International Fund determines an issuer’s economic ties to a particular country based on the location where such issuer is headquartered or incorporated, or the location from where the issuer derives at least 50% of its revenues or profits if such location is other than the location where such issuer is headquartered or incorporated.

 

Under normal circumstances, no one position in equity securities will exceed 5% of the total assets of the Fund at the time of investment. If the International Fund’s position in one of the above referenced securities exceeds 5% of the Fund’s total assets after the time of investment, the Fund may continue to hold such securities.

 

As part of the principal investment strategies, the Fund intends to invest in (a) foreign and domestic fixed income securities, (b) common equity securities, American Depositary Receipts (“ADRs”) and Global Depositary Receipts (“GDRs”), and (c) precious metals, primarily gold bullion, silver, platinum and palladium.  Under normal circumstances, the Fund will invest in the following fixed income securities: notes, bills and debentures that are investment grade (rated in one of the four highest ratings categories by Moody’s or Standard & Poor’s); bank debt obligations, high-yield debt securities (commonly referred to as “junk bonds”), convertible securities, loan participations, Rule 144A securities and structured notes that are below investment grade (rated Ba or lower by Moody’s or BB or lower by Standard & Poor’s); and securities issued by supranational organizations and sovereign debt securities which are rated by Moody’s or Standard & Poor’s as either investment grade or below investment grade.   In selecting debt securities to achieve the Fund’s investment objective, the Adviser will consider the likelihood of default and the potential for capital appreciation. Although the Fund may purchase precious metals in any form (bullion and coins or contract form), the Fund intends to purchase only those forms of precious metals that are readily marketable and that can be stored in accordance with custody regulations applicable to mutual funds.

 

When deemed appropriate by the Adviser for short term investment or defensive purposes, the Fund may hold up to 100% of its assets in cash and equivalents including government obligations in the local currency of any developed country including the U.S., commercial paper and certificates of deposit.  To the extent the Fund employs a temporary defensive measure, the Fund may not achieve its investment goal.

 

The Adviser will sell a security when it determines that such security no longer offers fundamental value and financial strength and stability.

 

For a discussion of the Fund’s policies regarding the ratings of investment securities and the use of nationally recognized statistical ratings agencies, such as Moody’s Investor Service, Inc. and Standard & Poor’s Corporation, please see the “Securities Ratings” section in the Fund’s SAI. Any investments in unrated bonds will be evaluated by the Adviser or by a nationally recognized ratings agency to determine the comparative credit quality of the unrated debt.  

 

2



 

PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT RISKS OF BOTH FUNDS

 

The following is a description of the principal risks of each Fund’s portfolio. There are various circumstances, including additional risks not described here, which could prevent a Fund from achieving its investment objectives. It is important to read the provided disclosure in its entirety and to understand that you may lose money by investing in the Funds.

 

Stock Market Risk. The trading price of equity securities fluctuates in response to a variety of factors. These factors include events impacting a single issuer, as well as political, market and economic developments that affect specific market segments and the market as a whole. Each Fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), like stock prices generally, will fluctuate within a wide range in response to these factors. As a result, an investor could lose money over short or even long periods.

 

Investment Style Risk. The returns from the types of securities in which a Fund invests may underperform returns from the various general securities markets or different asset classes. This may cause a Fund to underperform other investment vehicles that invest in different asset classes. Different types of securities (for example, large-, mid- and small-capitalization stocks) tend to go through cycles of performing better - or worse - than the general securities markets. In the past, these periods have lasted for as long as several years.

 

Foreign Securities Risk. Each Fund invests in foreign securities. Foreign securities can involve additional risks relating to political, economic or regulatory conditions in foreign countries. These risks include fluctuations in foreign currencies; withholding or other taxes; trading, settlement, custodial, and other operational risks; and the less stringent investor protection and disclosure standards of some foreign markets. Since foreign exchanges may be open on days when a Fund does not price its shares, the value of the securities in such Fund’s portfolio may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the Fund’s shares. All of these factors can make foreign investments more volatile and potentially less liquid than U.S. investments. In addition, foreign markets can perform differently from the U.S. market due to potentially higher risks of adverse issuer, political, regulatory, market, and economic developments.

 

Foreign securities may include depositary receipts, such as American Depositary Receipts (ADRs) and Global Depositary Receipts (GDRs). ADRs are U.S. dollar denominated receipts issued in registered form by a domestic bank or trust company that evidence ownership of underlying securities issued by a foreign issuer.  GDRs are receipts structured similarly to ADRs and are marketed globally. Depositary receipts will not necessarily be denominated in the same currency as their underlying securities. In general, ADRs, in registered form, are designed for use in the U.S. securities markets.  GDRs are tradable both in the United States and in Europe and are designed for use throughout the world. A Fund may invest in depositary receipts through “sponsored” or “unsponsored” facilities. A sponsored facility is established jointly by the issuer of the underlying security and a depositary, whereas a depositary may establish an unsponsored facility without participation by the issuer of the deposited security. Holders of unsponsored depositary receipts generally bear all the costs of such facilities and the depositary of an unsponsored facility frequently is under no obligation to distribute interest holder communications received from the issuer of the deposited security or to pass through voting rights to the holders of such receipts in respect of the deposited securities. The issuers of unsponsored depositary receipts are not obligated to disclose material information in the United States, and, therefore, there may be limited information available regarding such issuers and/or limited correlation between available information and the market value of the depositary receipts.

 

Emerging Markets Risk. Each Fund may invest all or a portion of its assets in securities listed and traded in emerging markets. Such investments may be subject to additional risks associated with emerging market economies. Such risks may include: (i) greater market volatility, (ii) lower trading volume, (iii) greater social, political and economic uncertainty, (iv) governmental controls on foreign investments and limitations on repatriation of invested capital, (v) the risk that companies may be held to lower disclosure, corporate governance, auditing and financial reporting standards than companies in more developed markets, and (vi) the risk that there may be less protection of property rights than in other countries. Emerging markets are generally less liquid and less efficient than developed securities markets.

 

Precious Metals Risk .  Prices of precious metals and of precious metal related securities historically have been very volatile. The production and sale of precious metals by governments or central banks or other larger holders can be affected by various economic, financial, social and political factors, which may be unpredictable and may have a significant impact on the prices of precious metals. Other factors that may affect the prices of precious metals and securities related to them include changes in inflation, the outlook for inflation and changes in industrial and commercial demand for precious metals. A Fund may incur higher custody and transaction costs for precious metals than for securities.  Holding precious metals in any form results in no income being derived from such holding and involves the risk of delay in obtaining or disposing of such assets in the case of bankruptcy or insolvency of the Fund’s custodian.  The income derived from trading in precious metals will be closely monitored to avoid potentially negative tax consequences.  Holding precious metals in book account involves credit risk of the party holding the precious metal.

 

Issuer-Specific Risk. Changes in the financial condition of an issuer or counterparty, changes in specific economic or political conditions that affect a particular type of security or issuer, and changes in general economic or political conditions can affect a security’s or instrument’s value. The value of securities of smaller, less-well-known issuers can be more volatile than that of larger issuers. Issuer-specific events can have a negative impact on the value of a Fund.

 

Management Risk. This is the risk that a Fund’s investment strategy, the implementation of which is subject to a number of internal and external constraints, may not produce the desired results, including the risk that our judgments about asset allocations may not be correct, adversely affecting the fund’s performance.

 

Small and Mid-Capitalization Investing. The Funds invest a portion of their assets in securities of small- and mid-capitalization companies. The securities of small- and mid-capitalization companies may be subject to more unpredictable price changes than securities of larger companies or the market as a whole.

 

Risks of Debt Securities. Fixed income securities include bonds, notes, bills, debentures, bank debt obligations, preferred stock, convertible securities, loan participations and assignments, Rule 144A securities, structured notes, securities issued by supranational organizations, and sovereign debt securities.  

 

Rule 144A Securities Risk.   Rule 144A securities are restricted securities that can be resold to qualified institutional buyers but not to the general public.  Rule 144A securities may have an active trading market, but carry the risk that the active trading market may not continue.

 

The following describes the risks associated with investments in fixed income securities:  

 

Credit Risk

 

This is the risk that the issuer or guarantor of a fixed income security will be unable or unwilling to make timely payments of interest or principal. This risk is magnified for lower-rated debt securities, such as high yield securities.

 

3



 

High yield securities are considered predominantly speculative with respect to the ability of the issuer to make timely payments of interest or principal. In addition, Funds that invest in fixed income securities issued in connection with corporate restructurings by highly leveraged issuers or in fixed income securities that are in default may be subject to greater credit risk because of such investments.

 

Interest Rate Risk

 

This is the risk that changes in interest rates will affect the value of a Fund’s fixed income investments. In general, as interest rates rise, bond prices fall, and as interest rates fall, bond prices rise. Interest rate risk is generally greater for funds that invest a significant portion of their assets in high yield securities. However, funds that generally invest a significant portion of their assets in higher-rated fixed income securities are also subject to this risk. Funds also face increased interest rate risk when they invest in fixed income securities paying no current interest (such as zero coupon securities and principal-only securities), interest-only securities and fixed income securities paying non-cash interest in the form of other securities.

 

High Yield Securities Risk

 

High yield securities, also known as “junk bonds”, are below investment grade quality and may be considered speculative with respect to the issuer’s continuing ability to make principal and interest payments. To be considered below investment grade quality, one of the major rating agencies must have rated the security below one of its top four rating categories (i.e., BBB/Baa or higher) at the time a Fund acquires the security or, if the security is unrated, the manager must have determined it to be of comparable quality. Analysis of the creditworthiness of issuers of lower-rated securities may be more complex than for issuers of higher-rated debt securities, and a Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objectives may, to the extent the Fund invests in lower-rated securities, be more dependent upon the manager’s credit analysis than would be the case if the Fund were investing in higher-rated securities. The issuers of these securities may be in default at the time of the Fund’s investment, or have a currently identifiable vulnerability to default on their interest or principal payments, or may otherwise be subject to present elements of danger with respect to payments of principal or interest.  Securities that are in default are rated Caa or lower by Moody’s or D by Standard & Poor’s.

 

Lower-rated securities may be more susceptible to real or perceived adverse economic and competitive industry conditions than higher-rated securities. Yields on high yield securities will fluctuate. If an issuer of high yield securities defaults, a Fund may incur additional expenses to seek recovery.

 

The secondary markets in which lower-rated securities are traded may be less liquid than the markets for higher-rated securities. A lack of liquidity in the secondary trading markets could adversely affect the price at which a Fund could sell a particular high yield security when necessary to meet liquidity needs or in response to a specific economic event, such as a deterioration in the creditworthiness of the issuer, and could adversely affect and cause large fluctuations in the net asset value of a Fund’s shares. Adverse publicity and investor perceptions may decrease the values and liquidity of high yield securities generally.

 

Derivative Investment Risk. Each Fund may invest in derivatives. These include forward contracts, options, futures contracts and options on futures, and swaps (including rate caps, floors and collars, total return swap contracts, currency swap contracts, and credit default swap contracts). Derivatives are subject to a number of risks, such as interest rate risk, market risk, credit risk and management risk. They also involve the risk that changes in the value of the derivative may not correlate perfectly with the underlying asset, rate or index, or that the counterparty to a derivative contract might default on its obligations. A small investment in a derivative could have a relatively large positive or negative impact on the performance of a Fund, potentially resulting in losses to Fund shareholders.

 

Other risks, such as liquidity risk, arise from the potential inability to terminate or sell derivatives positions. A liquid secondary market may not always exist for a Fund’s derivatives positions at any time. In fact, many over-the-counter instruments (investments not traded on an exchange) will not be liquid. Over-the-counter instruments also involve the risk that the other party to the derivative transaction will not meet its obligations. For further information about the risks of derivatives, see the SAI.

 

Risks Associated With Newly Formed Funds and Newly Formed Advisers. The Funds and the Adviser are recently formed entities and have limited operating histories upon which investors can evaluate the performance of the Funds. The Adviser has not previously managed a mutual fund; however, as discussed below, the Funds’ portfolio managers have managed mutual funds in the past and have substantial experience investing in and analyzing companies in the U.S. and global equity markets employing fundamental equity research.   

 

4



 

Other Investments. In addition to the main investment strategies described above, we may invest in other types of non principal investments. These practices may be subject to other risks, as described in the SAI.

 

5



 

PERFORMANCE

 

IVA Worldwide Fund

 

Because the Worldwide Fund has not yet commenced operations as of the date of this Prospectus, performance information for the Fund is not included.

 

IVA International Fund

 

Because the International Fund has not yet commenced operations as of the date of this Prospectus, performance information for the Fund is not included.

 

6



 

FEES AND EXPENSES

 

The following information describes the fees and expenses you may pay if you buy and hold shares of each Fund. Shareholder fees are paid directly from your investment. Operating expenses are paid from the Fund’s assets and therefore are incurred by shareholders indirectly.

 

IVA Worldwide Fund’s Fees and Expenses

 

  

 

Class A

 

Class C

 

Class I

 

Shareholder Fees

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Maximum Sales Charge (Load) on Purchases (as a percentage of public offering price)

 

5.00

%

None

 

None

 

Maximum Deferred Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of the lesser of your purchase or redemption price)

 

None

 

1.00

%

None

 

Redemption Fee (as a percentage of the amount redeemed within 30 days of purchase)***

 

2.00

%

2.00

%

2.00

%

Annual Operating Expenses (as a Percentage of Net Assets)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Management Fees

 

0.90

%

0.90

%

0.90

%

Distribution (12b-1)/Service Fees

 

0.25

%

1.00

%

None

 

Other Expenses*

 

0.44

%

0.44

%

0.44

%

Total Annual Operating Expenses

 

1.59

%

2.34

%

1.34

%

Less Expense Reimbursement**

 

(0.19

)%

(0.19

)%

(0.19

)%

Net Annual Operating Expenses***

 

1.40

%

2.15

%

1.15

%

 


*                                          “Other expenses” are based on estimated amounts for the current fiscal year.

 

**                                   The Adviser has given a contractual, written and binding undertaking to the IVA Worldwide Fund to limit the amount of the Fund’s total annual operating expenses, which will be borne by the Fund’s shareholders, exclusive of acquired fund fees and expenses, brokerage expenses, interest expense, taxes, organizational and extraordinary expenses, to 1.40%, 2.15% and 1.15% of the Fund’s average daily net assets for Class A, Class C and Class I shares, respectively. If the expenses excluded under the Expense Reimbursement Agreement increase in future years above the current year estimates, the Funds’ total expense figures would be higher than those shown in the table. This undertaking is in effect through September 30, 2009, is reevaluated on an annual basis, and may only be terminated by the Board of Trustees. Without this undertaking, expenses for these share classes would be higher.  The Adviser will be permitted to recover, on a class by class basis, expenses it has borne through the undertakings described above to the extent that the Fund’s expenses in later periods fall below the annual rates set forth in the relevant undertaking.  The Board of Trustees must approve any recoupment payment made to the Adviser. The Fund will not be obligated to pay any such deferred fees and expenses more than one year after the end of the fiscal year in which the fee and expense was deferred.

 

***                            The Fund will charge a fee for wire transfers of redeemed shares.

 

                                           You may convert Class A and Class C shares of the Fund having an aggregate value of $1 million or more into Class I shares of the Fund. Such conversion will take place at net asset value and will not result in the recognition of gain or loss for federal income tax purposes. This is not an automated change and you must contact your financial representative to effect it.  

 

Example

 

This example helps you compare the costs of investing in the Worldwide Fund with other mutual funds.  Your actual costs may be higher or lower.

 

The first example assumes that you redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The second example assumes that you keep your shares. Both examples also assume the following: that you invest $10,000 for the periods shown; that you reinvest all distributions and dividends without a sales charge; that the Worldwide Fund’s operating expenses (before expense reimbursements, if any) remain the same; that the Adviser’s contractual management fee waiver is in effect for year one; and that your investment has a 5% return each year (the assumption of a 5% return is required by the Securities and Exchange Commission for this example and is not a prediction of future performance).

 

 

 

1 Year

 

3 Years

 

Class A Shares

 

$

635

 

$

959

 

Class C Shares

 

$

318

 

$

712

 

Class I Shares

 

$

117

 

$

406

 

 

Since only Class C shares have a one-year contingent deferred sales charge, you would pay the following expenses if you did not sell your Class C shares of the Fund at the end of the following periods:

 

 

 

1 Year

 

3 Years

 

Class C Shares

 

$

218

 

$

712

 

 

7



 

IVA International Fund’s Fees and Expenses

 

  

 

Class A

 

Class C

 

Class I

 

Shareholder Fees

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Maximum Sales Charge (Load) on Purchases (as a percentage of public offering price)

 

5.00

%

None

 

None

 

Maximum Deferred Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of the lesser of your purchase or redemption price)

 

None

 

1.00

%

None

 

Redemption Fee (as a percentage of the amount redeemed within 30 days of purchase)***

 

2.00

%

2.00

%

2.00

%

Annual Operating Expenses (as a Percentage of Net Assets)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Management Fees

 

0.90

%

0.90

%

0.90

%

Distribution (12b-1)/Service Fees

 

0.25

%

1.00

%

None

 

Other Expenses*

 

0.52

%

0.52

%

0.52

%

Total Annual Operating Expenses

 

1.67

%

2.42

%

1.42

%

Less Expense Reimbursement**

 

(0.27

)%

(0.27

)%

(0.27

)%

Net Annual Operating Expenses***

 

1.40

%

2.15

%

1.15

%

 


*                                          “Other expenses” are based on estimated amounts for the current fiscal year.

 

**                                   The Adviser has given a contractual, written and binding undertaking to the IVA International Fund to limit the amount of the Fund’s total annual operating expenses, which will be borne by the Fund’s shareholders, exclusive of acquired fund fees and expenses, brokerage expenses, interest expense, taxes, organizational and extraordinary expenses, to 1.40%, 2.15% and 1.15% of the Fund’s average daily net assets for Class A, Class C and Class I shares, respectively. If the expenses excluded under the Expense Reimbursement Agreement increase in future years above the current year estimates, the Funds’ total expense figures would be higher than those shown in the table. This undertaking is in effect through September 30, 2009, is reevaluated on an annual basis, and may only be terminated by the Board of Trustees. Without this undertaking expenses for these share classes would be higher.  The Adviser will be permitted to recover, on a class by class basis, expenses it has borne through the undertakings described above to the extent that the Fund’s expenses in later periods fall below the annual rates set forth in the relevant undertaking.  The Board of Trustees must approve any recoupment payment made to the Adviser. The Fund will not be obligated to pay any such deferred fees and expenses more than one year after the end of the fiscal year in which the fee and expense was deferred.

 

***                            The Fund charges a fee for wire transfers of redeemed shares.

 

                                           You may convert Class A and Class C shares of the Fund having an aggregate value of $1 million or more into Class I shares of the Fund. Such conversion will take place at net asset value and will not result in the recognition of gain or loss for federal income tax purposes. This is not an automated change and you must contact your financial representative to effect it.  

 

Example

 

This example helps you compare the costs of investing in the International Fund with other mutual funds.  Your actual costs may be higher or lower than this example.

 

The first example assumes that you redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The second example assumes that you keep your shares. Both examples also assume the following: that you invest $10,000 for the periods shown; that you reinvest all distributions and dividends without a sales charge; that the International Fund’s operating expenses (before expense reimbursements, if any) remain the same; that the Adviser’s contractual management fee waiver is in effect for year one; and that your investment has a 5% return each year (the assumption of a 5% return is required by the Securities and Exchange Commission for this example and is not a prediction of future performance).

 

 

 

1 Year

 

3 Years

 

Class A Shares

 

$

635

 

 

$

975

 

Class C Shares

 

$

318

 

 

$

729

 

Class I Shares

 

$

117

 

 

$

423

 

 

Since only Class C shares have a one-year contingent deferred sales charge, you would pay the following expenses if you did not sell your Class C shares of the Fund at the end of the following periods:

 

 

 

1 Year

 

3 Years

 

Class C Shares

 

$

218

 

$

729

 

 

8



 

DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS

 

A description of the Funds’ policies and procedures with respect to disclosure of their portfolio securities is available in the Funds’ SAI, which is available without charge upon request as described on the back cover of this Prospectus.

 

9



 

MORE ON THE FUNDS’ PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES AND PRINCIPAL RISKS

 

This section provides additional information about the Funds’ investments and certain portfolio management techniques the Funds’ management team may use, as well as the principal risks that may affect a Fund’s portfolio. In seeking to achieve the investment objectives, the Funds’ management team may also invest in various types of securities and engage in various investment practices which are not the principal focus of the Funds and therefore are not described in this Prospectus. Additional information about some of these investments and portfolio management techniques and their associated risks is included in the Funds’ SAI, which is available without charge upon request (see back cover).

 

In order to try to mitigate the risk of impairment of capital, both Funds will consider investments in fixed-income securities of U.S. or foreign issuers which may provide some income and in certain cases a potential for long-term growth of capital.

 

Other asset classes with different correlations to the economy or the stock market will be considered to provide further diversification and to seek downside protection in a difficult stock market. These include distressed debt securities, bank loans, real estate related securities, commodities futures, municipal bonds, exchange traded funds (“ETFs”), exchange traded notes (“ETNs”) and auction market preferred securities (“AMPS”).  Distressed debt securities provide downside protection in a difficult stock market because distressed debt is generally considered a special class of securities that has a low correlation with other securities in the stock market, which in turn provides diversification.  The ETFs in which the Funds may invest may themselves invest in or have exposure to commodities, or may provide returns based on a multiple of an index as well as the inverse of a multiple of an index.  ETFs are subject to tracking error and may be unable to sell poorly performing stocks that are included in their index. ETFs may trade in the secondary market at prices below the value of their underlying portfolios and may not be liquid.  

 

The Funds also may use derivatives (e.g., options, futures), which are investments whose value is determined by underlying securities, indices or reference rates.  The Funds may invest in derivatives to hedge exposure to certain markets and for speculative (i.e., non-hedging) purposes.  The Funds also seek to enhance their return by managing their exposure to non-U.S. currencies, typically through the use of foreign currency derivatives, including currency forward contracts and currency swaps.

 

The Funds will not engage in selling short as a principal investment strategy and each Fund will use a de minimis amount of its total assets for short sales. The costs associated with selling short are not anticipated to exceed 2% of net assets.

 

10



 

INVESTMENT ADVISER

 

International Value Advisers, LLC is the investment adviser of the Funds (“IVA” or the “Adviser”). The Adviser was organized as a Delaware limited liability company in 2007. Its primary place of business is at 645 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10022. The Adviser’s primary business is to provide a variety of investment management services to investment vehicles, including the IVA Funds.  The Adviser is responsible for all business activities and oversight of the investment decisions made for the Funds. As of September 2, 2008, IVA’s assets under management were in excess of $555 million.

 

In return for providing management services to the Funds, each Fund pays the Adviser an annual fee monthly in arrears. The following table shows the advisory fee rate that will be paid for each Fund’s initial fiscal year as a percentage of each Fund’s average daily net assets.  The listed fees may be reduced as a result of the contractual fee waiver/expense reimbursement agreements discussed in “Fees and Expenses” above.

 

INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT FEE (AS A PERCENTAGE OF AVERAGE DAILY NET ASSETS)

 

IVA Worldwide Fund

 

0.90

%

IVA International Fund

 

0.90

%

 

THE PORTFOLIO MANAGERS

 

Charles de Lardemelle

 

Charles de Lardemelle, Co-Portfolio Manager of each Fund, is responsible for the day-to-day management of both Funds and their investments jointly with Charles de Vaulx. Mr. de Lardemelle is a Founding Partner of IVA and has co-managed both Funds since their inception. Until September 2007, Mr. de Lardemelle was a Senior Vice President of Arnhold and S. Bleichroeder Advisers LLC (“ASB”) and the Associate Portfolio Manager for the First Eagle Global, Overseas and Value Funds, as well as a variety of separate accounts and offshore accounts, including SoFire Fund Ltd. From 2005 to 2007, Mr. de Lardemelle was Director of Research at ASB. From 1996 to 2005, Mr. de Lardemelle was a securities analyst for the First Eagle Funds and its predecessors, the SoGen Funds.

 

Charles de Vaulx

 

Charles de Vaulx joined IVA in May 2008 as Partner and Co-Portfolio Manager of each Fund. Mr. de Vaulx is responsible for the day-to-day management of both Funds and their investments jointly with Mr. de Lardemelle. Mr. de Vaulx has co-managed both Funds since their inception. Prior to joining IVA, Mr. de Vaulx was Chief Investment Officer of the Global Value Group at ASB. He also served as Portfolio Manager of the First Eagle Global, Overseas, Gold, U.S. Value and Overseas Variable Funds, as well as a variety of separate accounts and offshore accounts. Mr. de Vaulx joined Societe Generale Bank as a credit analyst in 1985. In 1987, he joined the SoGen Funds as a securities analyst, was named Associate Portfolio Manager in mid-1996, and Co-Portfolio Manager in January 2000.

 

More information about each portfolio manager’s compensation, other accounts managed by each manager, and each manager’s ownership of securities in the Funds is included in the SAI.

 

11



 

APPROVAL OF ADVISORY AGREEMENTS

 

A discussion regarding the basis of the Board of Trustees’ approval of the initial investment advisory contract(s) with the Funds will be included in each Fund’s initial shareholder report.

 

Distribution and Servicing (12b-1) Plans

 

The Funds pay fees to Foreside Distribution Services, L.P., the Funds’ distributor (the “Distributor”), on an ongoing basis as compensation for the services the Distributor renders and the expenses it bears in connection with the sale and distribution of Class A and Class C Fund shares (“distribution fees”) and/or in connection with personal services rendered to Class A and Class C Fund shareholders and the maintenance of shareholder accounts (“servicing fees”).  These payments are made pursuant to Distribution and Servicing Plans (“12b-1 Plans”) adopted by each Fund pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940.  

 

There is a separate 12b-1 Plan for each Fund’s Class A and Class C shares offered in this Prospectus.  There is no 12b-1 Plan for each Fund’s Class I shares.  Currently, Class A shares pay only distribution fees; Class C shares pay both distribution and servicing fees.  The following lists the maximum annual rates at which the distribution and/or servicing fees may be paid under each 12b-1 Plan (calculated as a percentage of each Fund’s average daily net assets attributable to the particular class of shares):

 

Class

 

Annual distribution- related and service fee

 

Class A Shares

 

0.25

%

Class C Shares

 

1.00

%

Class I Shares

 

None

 

 

Because 12b-1 fees are paid out of a Fund’s assets on an ongoing basis, over time these fees will increase the cost of your investment and may cost you more than other types of sales charges.  Therefore, although Class C shares may not pay initial sales charges, the distribution fees payable on Class C shares may, over time, cost you more than the initial sales charge imposed on Class A shares.

 

Initial Sales Charges — Class A Shares

 

This section includes important information about sales charge reduction programs available to investors in Class A shares of the Funds and describes information or records you may need to provide to the Distributor or your financial intermediary in order to be eligible for sales charge reduction programs.

 

Unless you are eligible for a waiver, the public offering price you pay when you buy Class A shares of the Funds is the NAV of the shares plus an initial sales charge. The initial sales charge varies depending upon the size of your purchase, as set forth below.

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

Dealer

 

 

 

Sales Charge as a percentage of

 

Allowance

 

Class A Shares

 

 

 

Net Amount

 

as a percentage

 

Dollars Invested

 

Offering Price

 

Invested

 

of Offering Price

 

Less than $25,000

 

5.00%

 

5.26%

 

4.50%

 

$25,000 but less than $50,000

 

4.50%

 

4.71%

 

4.25%

 

$50,000 but less than $100,000

 

4.00%

 

4.17%

 

3.75%

 

$100,000 but less than $250,000

 

3.25%

 

3.36%

 

3.00%

 

$250,000 but less than $500,000

 

2.50%

 

2.56%

 

2.25%

 

$500,000 but less than $1,000,000

 

1.50%

 

1.52%

 

1.25%

 

$1,000,000 and over

 

0.00%

 

0.00%

 

0.00%

 

 

Investors in the Funds may reduce or eliminate sales charges applicable to purchases of Class A shares through utilization of Cumulative Quantity Discount (Right of Accumulation), a Letter of Intent or the Reinstatement Privilege. These programs, which apply to purchases of one or more Funds that are series of the Trust (together, “Eligible Funds”), are summarized below.  

 

Right of Accumulation (Breakpoints). A Qualifying Investor (as defined below in “Investment Options—Class A, C and I Shares- Class A shares ”) may qualify for a reduced sales charge on Class A shares (the “Right of Accumulation” or “Cumulative Quantity Discount”) by combining concurrent purchases of the Class A shares of one or both Funds into a   

 

12



 

single purchase or by combining the purchase of Class A shares of an Eligible Fund with the current aggregate net asset value of all Class A, C, and I shares of any Eligible Fund held by accounts for the benefit of such Qualifying Investor for purposes of determining the applicable front-end sales charge.  

 

Letter of Intent . An investor may also obtain a reduced sales charge on purchases of Class A shares by means of a written Letter of Intent, which expresses an intent to invest not less than $50,000 within a period of 13 months in Class A shares of any Eligible Fund(s). Each purchase of shares under a Letter of Intent will be made at the public offering price or prices applicable at the time of such Fund(s) purchase to a Single Purchase of the dollar amount indicated in the Letter. You may include purchases of Fund shares made up to 90 days before receipt of the Letter of Intent.  A Letter of Intent is not a binding obligation to purchase the full amount indicated. Shares purchased with the first 5% of the amount indicated in the Letter will be held in escrow (while remaining registered in your name) to secure payment of the higher sales charges applicable to the shares actually purchased in the event the full intended amount is not purchased.  

 

Reinstatement Privilege . A Class A shareholder who has caused any or all of his shares to be redeemed may reinvest all or any portion of the redemption proceeds in Class A shares of any Eligible Fund at NAV without any sales charge, provided that such investment is made within 90 calendar days after the redemption or repurchase date.  

 

Please note that reinstatement will not prevent recognition of a gain realized on the redemption, and a loss may be disallowed for tax purposes. The gain or loss resulting from the redemption may be affected by exercising the reinstatement privilege if you reinvest within 30 days.

 

Method of Valuation of Accounts . To determine whether a shareholder qualifies for a reduction in sales charges on a purchase of Class A shares of Eligible Funds, the offering price of the shares is used for purchases relying on a Letter of Intent and the amount of the total current purchase (including any sales load) plus the NAV (at the close of business on the day of the current purchase) of shares previously acquired is used for the Cumulative Quantity Discount.  

 

Sales at Net Asset Value . The Funds may also sell their Class A shares at NAV without an initial sales charge to certain Qualifying Investors.  In addition, Class A shares of the Funds issued pursuant to the automatic reinvestment of income dividends or capital gains distributions are issued at net asset value and are not subject to any sales charges.

 

Required Shareholder Information and Records . In order for investors in Class A shares of the Funds to take advantage of sales charge reductions, an investor or his or her financial intermediary must notify the Distributor that the investor qualifies for such a reduction. If the Distributor is not notified that the investor is eligible for these reductions, the Distributor will be unable to ensure that the reduction is applied to the investor’s account. An investor may have to provide certain information or records to his or her financial intermediary or the Distributor to verify the investor’s eligibility for breakpoint privileges or other sales charge waivers. An investor may be asked to provide information or records, including account statements, regarding shares of the Funds or other Eligible Funds held in:

 

·   all of the investor’s accounts held directly with the Funds or through a financial intermediary;

 

·   any account of the investor at another financial intermediary; and

 

·   accounts of related parties of the investor, such as members of the same family or household, at any financial intermediary.

 

Payments to Financial Firms

 

The Adviser and/or its affiliates and/or the Distributor may also make payments for distribution and/or shareholder servicing activities out of their own resources.  The Adviser may also make payments for marketing, promotional or related expenses to dealers.  These payments are derived from the Adviser’s legitimate business activities.  The amount of these payments is determined by the Adviser and may be substantial. These payments are often referred to as “revenue sharing payments.” The recipients of such payments may include the Distributor, other affiliates of the Adviser, and broker-dealers, financial institutions, plan sponsors and administrators and other financial intermediaries through which investors may purchase shares of a Fund.  In some circumstances, such payments may create an incentive for an intermediary or its employees or associated persons to recommend or sell shares of a Fund to you, rather than shares of another mutual fund. Please contact your financial intermediary or plan administrator or sponsor for details about revenue sharing payments it may receive.

 

13



 

Certain broker dealers or other third-parties hold their accounts in “street name” and perform the services normally handled by the Funds’ transfer agent.  These services may include client statements, tax reporting, order-processing and client relations.  As a result, these third parties may charge the Funds for these services.  Sub-transfer agency fees paid by the Funds are, in aggregate, no more than what the Funds otherwise would have paid to the Funds’ transfer agent for the same services.  Arrangements may involve a per-account fee, an asset-based fee, a sales-based fee or, in some cases, a combination of the three.  These fees are directly attributable to shareholder services performed by the relevant party.  While the Adviser and the Distributor consider these to be payments for services rendered, they represent an additional business relationship between these sub-transfer agents and the Funds that often results, at least in part, from past or present sales of Fund shares by the sub-transfer agents or their affiliates.

 

14



 

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT YOUR INVESTMENT

 

How to Purchase Shares

 

All purchases are subject to acceptance by the Funds, and the price of the shares will be the NAV which is next computed after receipt by the transfer agent, Boston Financial Data Services, Inc. (the “Transfer Agent”), or other authorized agent of sub-agent, of the purchase in good order.  All payments must be made in U.S. dollars and all checks must be drawn on U.S. banks.  No cash or equivalents (such as travelers’ checks, cashiers’ checks, bankers’ “official checks” or money orders) will be accepted.  If your payment is not received or you pay with a check or Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) transfer that does not clear, your purchase will be cancelled.  In limited circumstances, completed purchases also may be cancelled when the Distributor or Transfer Agent receives satisfactory instructions that a trade order was placed in error.  Purchases are subject to certain additional fees and sales charges, as described below.  

 

Good order means that the request includes:

 

·              Fund name and account number;

·              Amount of the transaction (in dollars or shares);

·              Signatures of all owners exactly as registered on the account (for written requests):

·              Medallion signature guarantee, if required;

·              Corporate/Institutional accounts only: A certified corporate resolution dated within the last six months (or a certified corporate resolution and letter of indemnity) must be on file with the Transfer Agent; and  

·              Any supporting legal documentation that may be required.

 

Payment of share purchase price is not considered part of good order.   If your request is received after 4 p.m. Eastern time it will be priced at the next business day’s NAV.  Purchases are subject to certain additional fees and sales charges, as described below.

 

  

 

TO OPEN AN ACCOUNT

 

TO ADD TO AN ACCOUNT

By Mail

Regular Mail:


IVA Fiduciary Trust

P.O. Box 8077

Boston, MA 02266-8077


Express, Certified or
Registered Mail:

 

Minimum Investment

$5,000 (Class A and C);

$1,000,000 (Class I);

$1,000 (IRAs)

Complete and sign the Account Application (IRA Account Application/Adoption Agreement for an IRA). Call (866) 941-4482 or visit www.ivafunds.com to receive the appropriate forms.

 

Minimum Investment
$100

Mail your check with an Invest-By-Mail form detached from your confirmation statement.

 

 

 

 

 

IVA Fiduciary Trust

c/o Boston Financial Data Services, Inc.

30 Dan Road

Canton, MA 02021

 

Make your check payable to IVA Funds. All purchases must be made in U.S. dollars, and checks must be drawn on U.S. banks.

Please note that the Funds will not accept third party checks, traveler’s checks or money orders.

 

 

 

 

 

By Wire

 

 

 

 

Wire to:

State Street Bank and Trust

ABA 011000028

DDA 9905-760-6

Credit: IVA Funds

Shareholder Name and Account Number

 

Prior to making an initial investment by wire, a completed Account Application (IRA Account Application) must have been received by the Funds. Once an account number has been assigned, call (866) 941-4482 to notify the Funds of your wire transaction.

 

Call (866) 941-4482 to notify the Funds of your wire transaction.

 

 

 

 

 

By Telephone

(866) 941-4482

 

 

 

 

 

Business Hours:  

9 a.m. to 6 p.m. ET

 

15



 

You may also purchase a Fund’s shares through selected securities dealers, and their designees, with whom the Distributor has sales agreements. For a list of authorized dealers, please call the Distributor at (866) 251-6920. Authorized dealers and financial services firms may charge you a transaction fee in addition to any applicable sales loads. Authorized dealers and financial services firms are responsible for promptly transmitting purchase orders to the Distributor.  The Fund will be deemed to have received a purchase or redemption order when these authorized dealers and financial service firms, or, if applicable, their authorized designee, accepts a purchase or redemption order in good order.  Orders received by the Fund in good order will be priced at the Fund’s NAV next computed after they are accepted by the authorized dealers or financial services firms or their authorized designee.  

 

The Distributor or Adviser, in their sole discretion, may accept or reject any order for purchase of Fund shares if it involves unsuitable business practices such as market timing, late trading, or unsuitable investments. No share certificates will be issued unless specifically requested in writing.

 

An investor should invest in the Funds for long-term investment purposes only. The Trust and the Adviser each reserves the right to refuse purchases if, in the judgment of the Trust or the Adviser, the purchases would adversely affect a Fund and its shareholders. In particular, the Trust and the Adviser each reserves the right to restrict purchases of Fund shares (including exchanges) when a pattern of frequent purchases and sales made in response to short-term fluctuations in share price appears evident. Notice of any such restrictions, if any, will vary according to the particular circumstances. See “Frequent Purchases and Sales of Fund Shares” below for more information.

 

Minimum Account Size

 

Due to the high cost of maintaining smaller accounts, the Trust reserves the right to redeem shares in any account if, as the result of a withdrawal, the value of that account drops below $4,000. This does not apply to accounts participating in the Automatic Investment Program or to retirement accounts. The Trust also reserves the right to convert shares in any Class I account of the Funds to either Class A or Class C shares of the same Fund if the value of that Class I account drops below $500,000. You will have at least 30 days to make an additional investment to bring the account value to the stated minimum before the redemption is processed.  

 

Systematic Investment Program

 

You may make regular bi-monthly, monthly, quarterly or annual investments of $100 (or more) in shares of any Fund automatically from a checking or savings account on or about the 5 th  and/or 20 th  of the month. Upon written authorization, the Transfer Agent will debit your designated bank account as indicated and use the proceeds to purchase Fund shares. Because your bank must provide approval for the transfer process, establishing a Systematic Investment Program may take at least 30 days. You must indicate your desire to establish a Systematic Investment Program on the New Account Application. You also must include a check (minimum of $5,000, if a new account is being established), a savings account deposit slip or savings account statement. The Funds will not be responsible for non-sufficient funds fees.  If your Systematic Investment does not clear, your purchase will be cancelled and you will be liable for any resulting losses or fees a Fund or its Transfer Agent incurs.  If your purchase through the Systematic Investment Program fails to clear on two consecutive occasions, the Fund may terminate your Systematic Investment Program.  Shares purchased through Systematic Investment Program payments are subject to the redemption restrictions for recent purchases described in “Redeeming Your Shares.” The Trust may amend or cease to offer the Systematic Investment Program at any time.  

 

Frequent Purchases and Sales of Fund Shares

 

The Funds do not permit market timing or other abusive trading practices. The Funds reserve the right, but do not have the obligation, to reject any purchase or exchange transaction at any time. In addition, the Funds reserve the right to suspend their offering of shares or to impose restrictions on purchases or exchanges at any time that are more restrictive than those that are otherwise stated in this Prospectus with respect to disruptive, excessive or short-term trading. The maximum amount of time the Funds will take to reject or cancel a transaction is 48 hours. Shareholders will be notified of the Funds’ intention to restrict exchanges of shares at least 60 days in advance of such action.  

 

Excessive short-term trading or other abusive trading practices may disrupt portfolio management strategies, increase brokerage and administrative costs and hurt Fund performance. These risks may be relatively higher for the Funds because they invest significantly in foreign securities and an investor may seek to take advantage of a delay between the change in value of the Funds’ foreign portfolio securities and the determination of the Funds’ net asset value as a result of different closing times of U.S. and foreign markets by buying or selling Fund shares at a price that does not reflect their true value.

 

16



 

However, your Fund’s management team has established procedures to mitigate these risks. Please see “How Fund Share Prices Are Calculated” for more information.

 

The Funds do not accommodate frequent purchases and redemptions of the Funds’ shares by the Funds’ shareholders.  The Board of Trustees of the Funds has adopted policies and procedures designed to deter frequent purchases and redemptions. To minimize the negative effect of frequent purchases and redemptions on the Funds and their shareholders, the Funds’ management team reserves the right to reject, in their sole discretion, any purchase order (including an exchange from another Fund) from any investor they believe has a history of abusive trading or whose trading, in their judgment, has been or may be disruptive to the Funds. The Funds may also refuse purchase and exchange transactions from Fund intermediaries they believe may be facilitating or may have facilitated abusive trading practices. In making this judgment, the Funds may consider trading done in multiple accounts under common ownership or control.

 

On a periodic basis, the Adviser will review transaction history reports and will identify redemptions that are within a specific time period from a previous purchase in the same account(s) in the Funds, or in multiple accounts that are known to be under common control. Redemptions meeting the criteria will be investigated for possible inappropriate trading.

 

Certain accounts, and omnibus accounts in particular, include multiple investors and typically provide the Funds with a net purchase or redemption request on any given day. In these cases, purchases and redemptions of Fund shares are netted against one another and the identity of individual purchasers and redeemers whose orders are aggregated may not be known by the Funds. Therefore, it becomes more difficult for the Funds’ management team to identify market timing or other abusive trading activities in these accounts, and the Funds’ management team may be unable to eliminate abusive traders in these accounts from the Fund. Identification of abusive traders may further be impaired by limitations of the operational systems and other technical issues. Whenever abusive or disruptive trading is identified, the Funds’ management team will encourage omnibus account intermediaries to address such trading activity directly.

 

Due to the complexity and subjectivity involved in identifying market timing and other abusive trading practices, there can be no assurance that the Funds’ efforts will identify all market timing or abusive trading activities. Therefore, investors should not assume that the Funds will be able to detect or prevent all practices that may place the Funds at a disadvantage.

 

Customer Identification Program

 

To help the government fight the funding of terrorism and money laundering activities, federal law requires the Funds’ Transfer Agent to obtain certain personal information from you (or persons acting on your behalf) in order to verify your (or such person’s) identity when you open an account, including name, address, date of birth, social security number and other information and documentation that will allow the Transfer Agent to verify your identity.  If this information is not provided, the Transfer Agent may not be able to open your account.  If the Transfer Agent is unable to verify your identity (or that of another person authorized to act on your behalf) shortly after your account is opened, or believes it has identified potentially criminal activity, the Funds, the Distributor and the Transfer Agent each reserve the right to reject further purchase orders from you or to take such other action as they deem reasonable or required by law, including closing your account and redeeming your shares at NAV at the time of redemption.  

 

How Fund Share Prices Are Calculated

 

The NAV of a Fund’s Class A, Class C and Class I shares is determined by dividing the total value of the Fund’s portfolio investments and other assets attributable to that class, less any liabilities, by the total number of shares outstanding of that class. Fund shares are valued as of a particular time (the “Valuation Time”) on each day that the NYSE is open for trading. The Valuation Time is ordinarily at the close of regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange (normally 4:00 p.m. Eastern time).  

 

For purposes of calculating the NAV, the Funds’ investments for which market quotations are readily available are valued at market value. Market values for various types of securities and other instruments are determined on the basis of closing prices or last sales prices on an exchange or other market, or based on quotes or other market information obtained from quotation reporting systems, established market makers or pricing services. Please see “Net Asset Value” in the SAI.

 

If market quotations are not readily available (including in cases where available market quotations are deemed to be unreliable), the Funds’ investments will be valued as determined in good faith pursuant to policies and procedures approved by the Board of Trustees (so-called “fair value pricing”).  The Pricing and Fair Valuation Committee has the responsibility to perform fair value pricing under the supervision of the Board. The Fund may determine that market quotations are not readily available due to events relating to a single issuer ( e.g. , corporate actions or announcements) or events relating to multiple

 

17



 

issuers ( e.g ., governmental actions or natural disasters). The Fund may determine the fair value of investments based on information provided by pricing services and other third parties including broker-dealers and other market intermediaries, which may recommend fair value prices or adjustments with reference to other securities, indices or assets.  For securities that do not trade during NYSE hours, fair value determinations are based on analyses of market movements after the close of those securities’ primary markets, and include reviews of developments in foreign markets, the performance of U.S. securities markets, and the performance of instruments trading in U.S. markets that represent foreign securities and baskets of foreign securities.  Fair value pricing may require subjective determinations about the value of a security or other asset, and fair values used to determine a Fund’s NAV may differ from quoted or published prices, or from prices that are used by others, for the same investments.  Also, the use of fair value pricing may not always result in adjustments to the prices of securities or other assets held by a Fund.  The Fund’s use of fair value pricing may help deter “stale price arbitrage” as discussed above under “Frequent Purchases and Sales of Fund Shares.”

 

For purposes of calculating the NAV, foreign securities are normally priced using data reflecting the earlier closing of the principal markets for those securities, subject to possible fair value adjustments. Information that becomes known to the Funds or their agents after the NAV has been calculated on a particular day will not be used to retroactively adjust the price of a security or the NAV determined earlier that day.

 

Investments initially valued in currencies other than the U.S. dollar are converted to U.S. dollars using exchange rates obtained from pricing services. As a result, the NAV of a Fund’s shares may be affected by changes in the value of currencies in relation to the U.S. dollar. International markets are sometimes open on days when U.S. markets are closed, which means that the value of foreign securities owned by the Fund could change on days when Fund shares cannot be bought or sold. The value of investments traded in markets outside the United States or denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar may be affected significantly on a day that the NYSE is closed (1) , and the NAV of a Fund’s shares may change on days when an investor is not able to purchase, redeem or exchange shares. The calculation of a Fund’s NAV may not take place contemporaneously with the determination of the prices of foreign securities used in NAV calculations.

 

Investment Options—Class A, C and I Shares

 

The Trust offers investors Class A, Class C and Class I shares of each Fund. Each class of shares is subject to different types and levels of sales charges and other fees than the other classes and bears a different level of expenses.

 

The class of shares that is best for you depends upon a number of factors, including the amount and the intended length of your investment. The following summarizes key information about each class to help you make your investment decision, including the various expenses associated with each class and the payments made to financial intermediaries for distribution and other services. More extensive information about the Trust’s multi-class arrangements is included in the SAI.

 

Class A Shares

 

· You pay an initial sales charge of up to 5.00% when you buy Class A shares. The sales charge is deducted from your investment so that not all of your purchase payment is invested.

 

· You may be eligible for a reduction or a complete waiver of any sales charge under a number of circumstances. For example, you normally pay no sales charge if you purchase $1,000,000 or more of Class A shares. In addition, Class A’s sales charges may be waived for employees of the Adviser or its affiliates; investors who purchase through accounts with the Adviser and through their existing trust relationship with the Adviser; Trustees of the Funds; legal counsel to the Funds or the Trustees; certain existing shareholders who own shares in a Fund within their trust accounts; investors within wrap accounts; investors who purchase shares in connection with 401(k) plans, 403(b) plans, and other employer-sponsored retirement plans; investors who purchase in connection with non-transaction fee fund programs and programs offered by fee-based financial planners and other types of financial institutions; and others at the discretion of the adviser (such groups of investors are known as “Qualifying Investors”).  Please see “Initial Sales Charges – Class A shares” for further details.  

 

· Class A shares are subject to lower 12b-1 fees than Class C shares. Therefore, Class A shareholders generally pay lower annual expenses and receive higher dividends than Class C shareholders.

 


(1)  The New York Stock Exchange, NYSE, is open from Monday through Friday 9:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET. NYSE, NYSE Arca, NYSE Bonds and NYSE Arca Options markets will generally close on, and in observation of the following holidays: New Year’s Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Washington’s Birthday/Presidents’ Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas.

 

18



 

· A redemption fee of 2.00% will generally apply to any shares that are exchanged or redeemed within 30 days after their acquisition (including acquisition by exchange).  Please see “Redemption of Shares” for details.

 

Class C Shares

 

· You do not pay an initial sales charge when you buy Class C shares. The full amount of your purchase payment is invested initially.

 

· You normally pay a contingent deferred sales charge (“CDSC”) of 1.00% if you redeem Class C shares during the first 12 months after your initial purchase. The Class C CDSC may be waived for certain Qualifying Investors.  

 

· Class C shares are subject to higher 12b-1 fees than Class A shares. Therefore, Class C shareholders normally pay higher annual expenses and receive lower dividends than Class A shareholders.

 

· A redemption fee of 2.00% will generally apply to any shares that are exchanged or redeemed within 30 days after their acquisition (including acquisition by exchange).  Please see “Redeeming Your Shares” for details.

 

Class I Shares

 

· You do not pay an initial sales charge when you buy Class I shares. The full amount of your purchase payment is invested initially.

 

· The minimum may be waived for Class I shares for sponsors of 401(k) plans and wrap fee programs if approved by the Adviser and/or its affiliates and/or the Distributor.  

 

· Class I shares are not subject to 12b-1 fees.  Therefore, Class I shareholders normally pay lower annual expenses and receive higher dividends than Class A and Class C shareholders.

 

· Employees and partners of the Adviser, as well as family members thereof, are not subject to the minimum initial investment of $1,000,000.

 

· A redemption fee of 2.00% will generally apply to any shares that are exchanged or redeemed within 30 days after their acquisition (including acquisition by exchange).  Please see “Redeeming Your Shares” for details.

 

Additional Information Regarding Class C Share s  

 

Contingent Deferred Sales Charges (CDSCs).  Unless you are eligible for a waiver, if you sell (redeem) your Class C shares of any Fund within the first 12 months after purchase, you will pay a 1.00% CDSC.  

 

How CDSCs are Calculated.   Shares acquired through the reinvestment of dividends or capital gains distributions will be redeemed first and will not be subject to any CDSC. For the redemption of all other shares, the CDSC will be based on either your original purchase price or the then current NAV of the shares being sold, whichever is lower. To illustrate this point, consider shares purchased at an NAV per share of $10. If the Fund’s NAV per share at the time of redemption is $12, the CDSC will apply to the purchase price of $10. If the NAV per share at the time of redemption is $8, the CDSC will apply to the $8 current NAV per share. CDSCs will be deducted from the proceeds of your redemption, not from amounts remaining in your account. In determining whether a CDSC is payable, it is assumed that the shareholder will redeem first the lot of shares which will incur the lowest CDSC.  

 

In addition to the fees described above, the Distributor normally pays to broker-dealers who sell Fund shares a separate initial 1.00% fee on the sale of Class C shares. The Class C CDSC is intended to compensate the Distributor for these payments, if investors hold Fund shares for less than one year.  Broker-dealers who sell Class C shares that are not subject to a CDSC will be paid the distribution and service fees on a quarterly basis.  

 

19



 

How to Redeem or Exchange Shares

 

General Information

 

You may withdraw any part of your account by selling shares.  The sale price of your shares will be the Fund’s next-determined NAV after the Transfer Agent or an authorized agent or sub-agent receives all required documents in good order.  If the Transfer agent, an authorized agent or sub-agent, receives a redemption request in good order before the close of trading on the NYSE (generally 4p.m. Eastern time), that transaction will be priced at that day’s NAV.  If the request is received after close of trading on the NYSE, it will be priced at the next business day’s NAV.

 

  

 

Account Type

By Telephone

 

(866) 941-4482

 

Business Hours:

9 a.m. to 6 p.m. ET

 

All Types

 

Call (866) 941-4482 during business hours to redeem or exchange shares if you have a preauthorized form on file with the Transfer Agent. You can exchange shares from a Fund to open an account in another Fund within the same class of shares or to add to an existing account with an identical registration. Redemption proceeds can only be sent by check to your address of record or by wire transfer to a bank account designated in your application.  You may be asked to provide proper identification information.  There is a $100,000 maximum for telephone redemptions by check; there is no limit on redemptions by ACH transfer or bank wire.  Certain retirement accounts are not eligible for all the telephone privileges referenced above.

 

 

 

By Mail

 

Regular Mail:

IVA Fiduciary Trust

P.O. Box 8077

Boston, MA 02266-8077

 

 

Express, Certified or Registered Mail:

c/o Boston Financial Data Services, Inc.

30 Dan Road

Canton, MA 02021

 

 

All Types Except IRA Accounts

 

Send a letter of instruction signed by all registered account holders. Include the Fund name and account number and (if you are selling) a dollar amount or number of shares OR (if you are exchanging) the name of the Fund you want to exchange into and a dollar amount or number of shares. To exchange into an account with a different registration (including a different name, address, or taxpayer identification number), you must provide the Transfer Agent with written instructions that include the Medallion guaranteed signatures of all current account owners.

 

IRA Accounts

 

To make a distribution from your IRA, call (866) 941-4482 or visit the Funds’ web site at www.ivafunds.com and request or download an IRA Distribution Form.

 

 

 

By Wire

 

The Fund will wire redemption proceeds only to the bank account designated on the Account Application or in written instructions—with Medallion signature guarantee—received with the redemption order.

 

 

 

Automatically

 

The Funds offer ways to sell shares automatically. See Systematic Withdrawal Plan.

 

20



 

EXCHANGING YOUR SHARES – ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

 

You may exchange shares of one Fund into shares of the other Fund as described below by contacting the Transfer Agent. An exchange is a taxable transaction.

 

You may exchange:

 

·                  Class A shares of a Fund for Class A shares or Class I shares (if the exchange involves Class A shares valued at more than $1 million) of another Fund;  

 

·                  Class C shares of a Fund for Class C shares or Class I shares (if the exchange involves Class C shares valued at more than $1 million) of another Fund; and  

 

·                  Class I shares of a Fund for Class I shares of another Fund.

 

Shares will be exchanged at their respective net asset values, computed as of the close of trading on the NYSE on the day you request the exchange. There is no charge for the exchange privilege.  Any exchange must meet the applicable minimum investment amount for the Fund and share class into which the exchange is being made. Exchanges of Class C shares of a Fund for Class C shares or Class I shares of another Fund are subject to a CDSC if the exchange takes place within 12 months of purchase. You should carefully review the description of the Fund into which you plan to exchange because the new Fund may have different fees, expenses and investment risks.

 

Systematic Exchange Program

 

You may automatically exchange shares of one Fund for shares of another Fund on a monthly basis through the Systematic Exchange Program. The minimum exchange amount is $5,000. If the balance in the account you are exchanging from falls below the designated Systematic exchange amount, all remaining shares in your account will be exchanged.

 

Conversion of Shares

 

You may convert Class A or Class C shares of either Fund having an aggregate value of $1 million or more into Class I shares of the same Fund.  You may not convert Class A shares to Class C shares of the same Fund, or Class C shares to Class A shares of the same Fund.  Such conversions will take place at net asset value and shall not result in the recognition of gain or loss for federal income tax purposes.  This is not an automatic change.  You must contact your financial representative.  Conversions of Class C shares to Class I shares will be subject to a CDSC if the conversion takes place within 12 months of purchase.  For additional information concerning conversions, or to initiate a conversion, contact your dealer or the Funds at (866) 941-4482.  

 

21



 

REDEEMING YOUR SHARES – ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

 

Redemptions through Dealers

 

Shares held in the dealer’s “street name” must be redeemed through the dealer and cannot be made by shareholders directly. You must submit a redemption request to your dealer. Dealers may charge for this service, and they may have particular requirements that you may be subject to. Contact your authorized dealers for more information.

 

Redemption Payments

 

In all cases, your redemption price is the net asset value per share next determined after your request is received in good order.  Redemption proceeds normally will be sent within three business days.  However, if you recently purchased your shares by check, your redemption proceeds will not be sent to you until your original check clears, which may take up to 15 days.  Your redemption proceeds can be sent by check, made payable to you, to your address of record or by wire transfer to a bank account designated on your application.  Your bank may charge you a fee for wire transfers. Any request that your redemption proceeds be sent by check to an address other than the address of record or if the address of record has been changed within 30 days of the redemption request or by wire to a destination other than your bank account of record must be in writing and must include a Medallion signature guarantee. Domestic wire transfers are subject to a fee of $15.00, which will be deducted from the redemption proceeds.  

 

Redemptions In-Kind

 

The Funds reserve the right to make payment in securities rather than cash. If a Fund deems it advisable for the benefit of all shareholders that a redemption payment wholly or partly in-kind would be in the best interests of the Fund’s remaining shareholders, the Fund may pay redemption proceeds to you in whole or in part with securities held by the Fund. A redemption-in kind could occur under extraordinary circumstances, such as a very large redemption that could affect a Fund’s operations. Securities used to redeem Fund shares will be valued as described in “How Fund Share Prices are Calculated” above. Redemptions in-kind may be made with liquid securities only.  A shareholder will bear market risk for the securities received as a result of a redemption-in kind and a shareholder may pay brokerage charges on the sale of any securities received as a result of a redemption-in kind.  

 

Redemption Fee

 

Sales or exchanges of shares within 30 days of purchase are subject to a 2% redemption fee on the gross redemption proceeds. The fee is determined using the “first-in-first-out” calculation methodology, comparing the date of redemption with the earliest purchase date of shares. Redemption fees will be deducted from the redemption proceeds.

 

The purpose of the redemption fees is to deter excessive, short-term trading and other abusive trading practices, and to help offset the costs associated with the sale of portfolio securities to satisfy redemption and exchange requests made by “market timers” and other short-term shareholders, thereby insulating longer-term shareholders from such costs.  There is no assurance that the use of redemption fees will be successful in this regard.

 

The Funds may waive or reverse the redemption fee for qualified retirement plans, systematic redemption programs, wrap programs and certain omnibus accounts. The Funds generally will depend on the relevant intermediary (for example, the wrap program sponsor or omnibus account holder) to monitor trading frequency and apply redemption fees to shareholders who hold shares through these programs or accounts. Financial intermediaries who hold Fund shares through omnibus and other accounts may not provide shareholder information and enforce restrictions on purchases, redemptions and exchanges or may fail to assess or collect the redemption fee in a manner fully consistent with this Prospectus.  The Funds may modify their redemption fee policies at any time.

 

Systematic Withdrawal Plan

 

If you own Fund shares worth at least $5,000, you may establish a Systematic Withdrawal Plan. A check in a stated amount of at least $500 will be mailed to you on or about the 5 th  or 20 th  of the month, or on a quarterly basis. Dividends and distributions on shares must be reinvested. A Fund’s shares will be redeemed as necessary to meet withdrawal payments, which may result in a gain or loss for federal income tax purposes. If you establish a new account by check within 15 days of an expected

 

22



 

withdrawal date, the Funds will not begin withdrawals until the following month, due to the Funds’ 15-day hold on check purchases. The Funds may amend or cease to offer the Systematic Withdrawal Plan at any time.

 

RETIREMENT PLANS

 

Retirement plans may purchase Class I shares of the Worldwide Fund or the International Fund provided they meet the minimum initial investment amount of $1 million in an omnibus or pooled account within the relevant Fund and will not require the Fund to pay any type of administrative fee or payment per participant account to any third party. Retirement plans requiring the payment of such fees may purchase Class A shares of the Worldwide Fund or the International Fund without an initial sales charge.

 

DIVIDEND REINVESTMENT PROGRAM

 

Dividends and capital gains distributions are automatically reinvested, without sales charges, into any share class of any Fund in which you have an existing account, unless otherwise noted. You may notify the Transfer Agent in writing to:  

 

·                   Choose to receive dividends or distributions (or both) in cash; or

 

·                   Change the way you currently receive distributions.

 

Your taxable income is the same regardless of which option you choose. For further information about dividend reinvestment, contact the Transfer Agent by telephone at (866) 941-4482.  

 

23



 

DIVIDENDS, DISTRIBUTIONS AND TAXES

 

It is each Fund’s policy to make distributions at least annually of all or substantially all of its net investment income and net realized capital gains, if any. Unless you elect to receive your distributions in cash, your ordinary income and capital gain distributions will be reinvested in additional shares of the same share class of the Fund at net asset value calculated as of the payment date.  The Funds pay distributions on a per-share basis.  As a result, on the ex-dividend date of such a payment, the net asset value of the Funds will be reduced by the amount of the payment.

 

Each Fund intends to elect and to qualify each year to be treated as a “regulated investment company” under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). To qualify, a Fund must meet certain income, diversification and distribution requirements. As a regulated investment company, a Fund generally will not be subject to federal income or excise taxes on ordinary income and capital gains distributed to shareholders within applicable time limits.  However, a Fund’s failure to qualify as a regulated investment company would result in corporate level taxation, and consequently, a reduction in income available for distribution to you and other shareholders.  In general, a Fund that fails to distribute at least 98% of its ordinary income for the calendar year plus 98% of its capital gain net income recognized during the one-year period ending October 31 of such year (or later if the Fund is permitted to elect and so elects) will be subject to a 4% excise tax on the undistributed amount.

 

For federal income tax purposes, distributions of net investment income are generally taxable as ordinary income.  Taxes on distributions of capital gains are determined by how long the Fund owned the investments that generated them, rather than how long you owned your shares.  Distributions of net capital gains (that is, the excess of net long-term capital gains from the sale of investments that a Fund owned for more than one year over net short-term capital losses) that are properly designated by the Fund as capital gain dividends will be taxable as long-term capital gains.  Distribution of net gains from the sale of investments that a Fund owned for one year or less will be taxable as ordinary income.  

 

Long-term capital gain rates have been temporarily reduced—in general, to 15%, with lower rates applying to taxpayers in the 10% and 15% brackets—for taxable years beginning before January 1, 2011.  Capital gains realized on collectibles (i.e. gold bullion) held for greater than one year are taxed at a rate of 28%.

 

For taxable years beginning before January 1, 2011, distributions of investment income designated by each Fund as derived from “qualified dividend income” will be taxed in the hands of individuals at the rates applicable to long-term capital gains, provided that certain holding period and other requirements are met at both the shareholder and Fund level. A distribution will be treated as paid on December 31 of the current calendar year if it is declared by a Fund in October, November or December with a record date in such a month and paid by the Fund during January of the following calendar year.

 

Distributions are taxable to you even if they are paid from income or gains earned before your investment (and thus were included in the price you paid for your shares).  In general, you will be taxed on the distributions you receive from a Fund, whether you receive them as additional shares or in cash.  Any gain resulting from the sale or exchange of your shares in a Fund will generally be subject to tax.

 

A Fund’s investment in foreign securities may be subject to foreign withholding taxes.  In that case, the Fund’s yield on those securities would be decreased.  However, the Fund may be able to pass through to you a deduction or credit for such foreign taxes, as further described in the Statement of Additional Information.

 

In addition, a Fund’s investments in foreign securities or foreign currencies may increase or accelerate the Fund’s recognition of ordinary income and may affect the timing, amount or character of the Fund’s distributions.

 

In general, dividends (other than capital gain dividends) paid by a Fund to a person who is not a “U.S. person” within the meaning of the Code (a “foreign person”) are subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax at a rate of 30% (or lower applicable treaty rate).  Previous legislation provided that for taxable years of a Fund beginning before January 1, 2008, a Fund was not required to withhold any amounts with respect to (i) distributions of net short-term capital gains in excess of net long-term capital losses, and (ii) distributions of U.S.-source interest income that would not be subject to U.S. federal income tax if earned directly by a foreign person, in each case to the extent that the Fund properly designated such distributions.  This exemption from withholding is no longer effective, but pending legislation could reinstate and extend it.

 

The discussion above is very general.  Please consult your tax adviser about the effect that an investment in a Fund could have on your own tax situation, including possible foreign, federal, state, or local tax consequences, or about any other tax questions you may have.

 

24



 

By January 31 of each year, we will send you a statement showing the tax status of your dividends and distributions for the prior year.

 

25



 

FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS

 

Because the Funds have not yet commenced operations as of the date of this Prospectus, there are no financial highlights for the Funds.

 

26



 

USEFUL SHAREHOLDER INFORMATION

 

Trust.   IVA Fiduciary Trust consists of IVA Worldwide Fund and IVA International Fund.  Each of the Worldwide Fund and the International Fund is an investment portfolio of IVA Fiduciary Trust, an open-end series management investment company organized as a Massachusetts Business Trust.

 

Shareholder Reports.   Annual and semi-annual reports to shareholders provide additional information about the Funds’ investments.  These reports discuss the market conditions and investment strategies that significantly affected each Fund’s performance during its last fiscal year.

 

Statement of Additional Information.   The statement of additional information provides more detailed information about each Fund.  It is incorporated by reference into (is legally a part of) this combined Prospectus.

 

The Funds send only one report to a household if more than one account has the same address.  Contact the Funds’ Transfer Agent if you do not want this policy to apply to you.  

 

How to Obtain Additional Information.

 

·                   You can obtain shareholder reports or the statement of additional information (without charge), make inquiries or request other information about the Funds by contacting the Transfer Agent at (866) 941-4482, writing the Funds at IVA Funds, P.O. Box 8077, Boston, MA 02266-8077, visiting the Funds’ website at www.ivafunds.com or calling your financial consultant.  

 

·                   You may review and copy information about a Fund, including its SAI, at the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Public Reference Room in Washington, D.C. You may call the Commission at 1-202-942-8090 for information about the operation of the Public Reference Room. You may also access reports and other information about the Fund on the EDGAR Database on the Commission’s website at http://www.sec.gov. You may get copies of this information, with payment of a duplication fee, by electronic request at the following E-mail address: publicinfo@sec.gov, or by writing the Commission’s Public Reference Section, Washington, D.C. 20549-0102. You may need to refer to the Fund’s file number.

 

If someone makes a statement about the Funds that is not in this Prospectus, you should not rely upon that information.  Neither the Funds nor the Distributor is offering to sell shares of the Funds to any person to whom the Funds may not lawfully sell their shares.

 

27



 

How to Reach IVA Fiduciary Trust

 

Please send all requests for information or transactions to:

 

IVA Fiduciary Trust

P. O. Box 8077

Boston, MA 02266-8077

 

You may contact us by telephone at (866) 941-4482.  

 

You can also visit our website at:

www.ivafunds.com  

 

Distributor

 

Foreside Distribution Services, L.P.  

10 High Street, Suite 302  

Boston, MA 02110  

 

Investment Adviser

 

International Value Advisers, LLC
645 Madison Avenue

New York, NY 10022

 

Investment Company Act File Number: 811-22211  

 

28



 

The information in this Statement of Additional Information is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This Statement of Additional Information is not an offer to sell these securities and is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.  

 

Subject to Completion

 

Preliminary Statement of Additional Information Dated as of September 19, 2008

 

 

IVA FIDUCIARY TRUST

 

STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

 

September, 2008

 

IVA Worldwide Fund

 

IVA International Fund

 


 

645 Madison Avenue

New York, NY 10022

(866) 941-4482  

 


 

IVA Fiduciary Trust consists of IVA Worldwide Fund (the “Worldwide Fund”) and IVA International Fund (the “International Fund”) (each, a “Fund” and, together, the “Funds”).

 

Each of the Worldwide Fund and the International Fund is an investment portfolio of IVA Fiduciary Trust, an open-end series management investment company organized as a Massachusetts Business Trust.

 

This Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”) is not a prospectus and is only authorized for distribution when preceded or accompanied by the Funds’ current prospectus dated September, 2008, as supplemented from time to time (the “Prospectus”).  This SAI supplements and should be read in conjunction with the Prospectus, a copy of which may be obtained without charge by writing the Funds at the address, or by calling the toll-free telephone number, listed above.  The Prospectus is incorporated by reference into this Statement of Additional Information.

 



 

IVA FIDUCIARY TRUST

 

IVA Worldwide Fund

IVA International Fund

 

CONTENTS

 

INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES, POLICIES AND RESTRICTIONS  

2

 

 

Investment Objectives of the Funds

2

 

 

Principal Investment Strategies and Risks of the Funds

2

 

 

Investment Restrictions

19

 

 

PERFORMANCE

21

 

 

MANAGEMENT OF THE FUNDS

22

 

 

INVESTMENT ADVISORY AND OTHER SERVICES

25

 

 

PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES

28

 

 

SECURITIES RATINGS

28

 

 

DISTRIBUTOR

30

 

 

REVENUE SHARING

31

 

 

COMPUTATION OF NET ASSET VALUE

32

 

 

DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS

34

 

 

PURCHASE, REDEMPTION AND EXCHANGE OF SHARES

35

 

 

TAX STATUS

36

 

 

PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND BROKERAGE

43

 

 

DESCRIPTION OF THE TRUST

45

 

 

OTHER INFORMATION ABOUT THE FUNDS

47

 

 

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

49

 

 

APPENDIX A

A-1

 

i



 

INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES, POLICIES AND RESTRICTIONS

 

The Prospectus discusses the investment objectives of the Worldwide Fund and the International Fund, as well as the strategies they employ to achieve those objectives.  Each of the Funds is an investment portfolio of IVA Fiduciary Trust (the “Trust”), an open-end series management investment company organized as a Massachusetts Business Trust on June 12, 2008. Each Fund is a diversified portfolio. A copy of the Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust, as amended (the “Declaration of Trust”), which is governed by Massachusetts law, is on file with the Secretary of The Commonwealth of Massachusetts.  The discussion below supplements the information set forth in the Prospectus under “Investment Objective and Principal Investment Strategies.” References herein to the Adviser shall mean International Value Advisers, LLC.

 

Investment Objectives of the Funds

 

IVA Worldwide Fund .  The IVA Worldwide Fund will seek long-term growth of capital by investing in a range of securities and asset classes from markets around the world, including U.S. markets. No attempt is made to construct a portfolio relative to a benchmark. Rather, the objective is to achieve a positive annual return with moderate annual downside risk.

 

There is no assurance that the Fund’s investment objective will be achieved.  Additionally, since the Fund’s investment objective has been adopted as a non-fundamental investment policy, the Fund’s investment objective may be changed without a vote of shareholders.

 

IVA International Fund .  The International Fund will seek long-term growth of capital by investing in a range of securities and asset classes from markets around the world, excluding U.S. markets. No attempt is made to construct a portfolio relative to a benchmark. Rather, the objective is to achieve a positive annual return with moderate annual downside risk.

 

There is no assurance that the Fund’s investment objective will be achieved.  Additionally, since the Fund’s investment objective has been adopted as a non-fundamental investment policy, the Fund’s investment objective may be changed without a vote of shareholders.

 

Principal Investment Strategies and Risks of the Funds

 

IVA Worldwide Fund .  To achieve its objective, the Worldwide Fund primarily seeks equity investments in companies of any capitalization that have fundamental value, financial strength and stability. However, the Fund may invest in companies with fundamental value that do not have the other characteristics.  The Adviser, under normal market conditions, intends to invest at least 40% but no less than 30% of the Fund’s total assets in equity and debt securities issued by foreign companies and governments.

 

IVA International Fund .  To achieve its objective, the International Fund primarily seeks equity investments in companies of any capitalization that have fundamental value, financial strength and stability. However, the Fund may invest in companies with fundamental value that do not have the other characteristics.  The Adviser, under normal market conditions, intends to invest at least 80% of the Fund’s total assets in equity and debt securities issued by foreign companies and governments.  The Fund may also invest in U.S. government securities.

 

Principal Investment Strategies

 

As part of the principal investment strategies, the Funds intend to invest in both foreign and domestic fixed income securities and equities, as well as precious metals.

 

The Funds may invest a maximum of 25% of total assets in precious metals, primarily including gold bullion, silver, platinum, and palladium.  

 

Fixed income securities include bonds, notes, bills, debentures, bank debt obligations, high-yield debt securities (commonly referred to as “junk-bonds”), preferred stock, convertible securities, loan participations and assignments, Rule 144A securities , structured notes, securities issued by supranational organizations, and sovereign debt securities.

 

The Funds will normally invest their assets in common stocks, preferred stocks, convertible securities, bonds, debentures, or other debt instruments, including bank loans, of, in the case of the Worldwide Fund, U.S. and non-U.S. companies, and in the case of the International Fund, primarily non-U.S. companies. The Funds may invest in securities of non-U.S. issuers directly

 

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or in the form of American Depository Receipts (“ADRs”), Global Depository Receipts (“GDRs”), European Depository Receipts (“EDRs”), or other securities representing underlying shares of non-U.S. issuers.

 

When deemed appropriate by the Adviser for short term investment or defensive purposes, the Funds may hold up to 100% of their assets in cash and equivalents including government obligations in the local currency of any developed country including the U.S., commercial paper and certificates of deposit.

 

Other asset classes with different correlations to the economy or the stock market will be considered to provide further diversification and to seek downside protection in a difficult stock market. These include distressed debt securities, bank loans, real estate interests, commodities futures, municipal bonds, and auction market preferred securities (“AMPS”).

 

Among the types of fixed income securities in which the Funds may invest from time to time are United States government obligations.  United States government obligations include Treasury Notes, Bonds and Bills which are direct obligations of the United States government backed by the full faith and credit of the United States, and securities issued by agencies and instrumentalities of the United States government, which may be (i) guaranteed by the United States Treasury, such as the securities of the Government National Mortgage Association, or (ii) supported by the issuer’s right to borrow from the Treasury and backed by the credit of the federal agency or instrumentality itself, such as securities of the Federal Intermediate Land Banks, Federal Land Banks, Bank of Cooperatives, Federal Home Loan Banks, Tennessee Valley Authority and Farmers Home Administration.

 

For all securities that give rise to an obligation on the part of the Funds to repay an obligation, the Funds will establish and maintain segregated accounts to cover such obligations as agreed upon with the counterparty.

 

Principal Investment Risks

 

Foreign (non-U.S.) Securities. Investors should recognize that investing in the securities of non-U.S. issuers generally, and particularly in emerging market issuers, involves special considerations which are not typically associated with investing in securities of U.S. issuers.  Investments in securities of non-U.S. issuers may involve risks arising from differences between U.S. and non-U.S. securities markets, including less volume, much greater price volatility in and relative illiquidity of non-U.S. securities markets, different trading and settlement practices and less governmental supervision and regulation, from changes in currency exchange rates, from high and volatile rates of inflation, from economic, social and political conditions and, as with domestic multinational corporations, from fluctuating interest rates.

 

Since most non-U.S. securities are denominated in non-U.S. currencies or traded primarily in securities markets in which settlements are made in non-U.S. currencies, the value of these investments and the net investment income available for distribution to shareholders of a Fund may be affected favorably or unfavorably by changes in currency exchange rates or exchange control regulations. Because a Fund may purchase securities denominated in non-U.S. currencies, a change in the value of any such currency against the U.S. dollar will result in a change in the U.S. dollar value of the Fund’s assets and the Fund’s income available for distribution.  Certain of the Funds’ foreign currency transactions may give rise to ordinary income or loss, for federal income tax purposes, to the extent such income or loss results from fluctuations in the value of the foreign currency.

 

In addition, although a Fund’s income may be received or realized in foreign currencies, the Fund will be required to compute and distribute its income in U.S. dollars. Therefore, if the value of a currency relative to the U.S. dollar declines after a Fund’s income has been earned in that currency, translated into U.S. dollars and declared as a dividend, but before payment of such dividend, the Fund could be required to liquidate portfolio securities to pay such dividend. Similarly, if the value of a currency relative to the U.S. dollar declines between the time a Fund incurs expenses or other obligations in U.S. dollars in order to pay such expenses in U.S. dollars will be greater than the equivalent amount in such currency of such expenses at the time they were incurred.

 

Certain markets are in only the earliest stages of development.  There is also a high concentration of market capitalization and trading volume in a small number of issuers representing a limited number of industries, as well as a high concentration of investors and financial intermediaries.  Many of such markets also may be affected by developments with respect to more established markets in the region.  Brokers in non-U.S. and emerging market countries typically are fewer in number and less capitalized than brokers in the United States.  These factors, combined with the U.S. regulatory requirements for open-end investment companies and the restrictions on foreign investment, result in potentially fewer investment opportunities for a Fund and may have an adverse impact on the investment performance of a Fund.

 

There generally is less governmental supervision and regulation of exchanges, brokers and issuers in non-U.S. countries than there is in the United States.  For example, there may be no comparable provisions under certain non-U.S. laws to insider trading and similar investor protection securities laws that apply with respect to securities transactions consummated in the United States.  Further, brokerage commissions and other transaction costs on non-U.S. securities exchanges generally are higher than in the United States.   With respect to investments in certain emerging market countries, archaic legal systems may have an adverse impact on a Fund.  For example, while the potential liability of a shareholder in a U.S. corporation with

 

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respect to acts of the corporation is generally limited to the amount of the shareholder’s investment, the notion of limited liability is less clear in certain emerging market countries.  Similarly, the rights of investors in emerging market companies may be more limited than those of shareholders of U.S. corporations.

 

Other investment risks include the possible imposition of foreign withholding taxes on certain amounts of a Fund’s income which may reduce the net return on non-U.S. investments as compared to income received from a U.S. issuer, the possible seizure or nationalization of foreign assets and the possible establishment of exchange controls, expropriation, confiscatory taxation, other foreign governmental laws or restrictions which might affect adversely payments due on securities held by a Fund, the lack of extensive operating experience of eligible foreign subcustodians and legal limitations on the ability of a Fund to recover assets held in custody by a foreign subcustodian in the event of the subcustodian’s bankruptcy.  Moreover, brokerage commissions and other transactions costs on non-U.S. securities exchanges are generally higher than in the United States.

 

In addition, there may be less publicly-available information about a non-U.S. issuer than about a U.S. issuer, and non-U.S. issuers may not be subject to the same accounting, auditing and financial record-keeping standards and requirements as U.S. issuers.  In particular, the assets and profits appearing on the financial statements of an emerging market country issuer may not reflect its financial position or results of operations in the way they would be reflected had the financial statements been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.  In addition, for an issuer that keeps accounting records in local currency, inflation accounting rules may require, for both tax and accounting purposes, that certain assets and liabilities be restated on the issuer’s balance sheet in order to express items in terms of currency of constant purchasing power.  Inflation accounting may indirectly generate losses or profits.  Consequently, financial data may be materially affected by restatements for inflation and may not accurately reflect the real condition of those issuers and securities markets.  Finally, in the event of a default of any such foreign obligations, it may be more difficult for a Fund to obtain or enforce a judgment against the issuers of such obligations.  The manner in which foreign investors may invest in companies in certain emerging market countries, as well as limitations on such investments, also may have an adverse impact on the operations of a Fund.  For example, the Fund may be required in certain of such countries to invest initially through a local broker or other entity and then have the shares purchased re-registered in the name of the Fund.  Re-registration may in some instances not be able to occur on a timely basis, resulting in a delay during which the Fund may be denied certain of its rights as an investor.

 

Non-U.S. markets have different clearance and settlement procedures, and in certain markets there have been times when settlements have failed to keep pace with the volume of securities transactions, making it difficult to conduct such transactions.  Further, satisfactory custodial services for investment securities may not be available in some countries having smaller, emerging capital markets, which may result in a Fund incurring additional costs and delays in transporting and custodying such securities outside such countries. Delays in settlement or other problems could result in periods when assets of a Fund are uninvested and no return is earned thereon.  The inability of a Fund to make intended security purchases due to settlement problems or the risk of intermediary counterparty failures could cause a Fund to miss attractive investment opportunities.  The inability to dispose of a portfolio security due to settlement problems could result either in losses to a Fund due to subsequent declines in the value of such portfolio security or, if the Fund has entered into a contract to sell the security, could result in possible liability to the purchaser.

 

Illiquid Assets and Restricted Securities .  Each Fund may hold up to 15% of its respective net assets in illiquid securities, including certain securities that are subject to legal or contractual restrictions on resale (“restricted securities”).  When a Fund’s holdings in illiquid securities exceed 15% of net assets, the Adviser will use its best efforts to remedy the situation as promptly as practicable under the circumstances.  Generally, restricted securities may be sold only in privately negotiated transactions or in a public offering with respect to which a registration statement is in effect under the Securities Act of 1933 (the “1933 Act”).  Where registration is required, a Fund may be obligated to pay all or part of the registration expenses and a considerable period may elapse between the time of the decision to sell and the time the Fund may be permitted to sell a security under an effective registration statement.  If, during such a period, adverse market conditions were to develop, a Fund might obtain a less favorable price than that which prevailed when it decided to sell.  Restricted securities will be priced at fair value as determined in good faith by the procedures adopted, approved and set forth by the Board of Trustees.

 

Notwithstanding the above, a Fund may purchase securities that have been privately placed but that are eligible for purchase and sale under Rule 144A under the 1933 Act.  That rule permits certain qualified institutional buyers, such as the Funds, to trade in privately placed securities that have not been registered for sale under the 1933 Act.  The Adviser, under the supervision of the Board of Trustees of the Trust, will consider whether securities purchased under Rule 144A are illiquid and thus subject to a Fund’s restriction on investing in illiquid securities.  A determination as to whether a Rule 144A security is liquid or not is a factual issue requiring an evaluation of a number of factors.  In making this determination, the Adviser will consider the trading markets for the specific security, taking into account the unregistered nature of a Rule 144A

 

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security.  In addition, the Adviser could consider (1) the frequency of trades and quotes, (2) the number of dealers and potential purchasers, (3) the dealer undertakings to make a market, and (4) the nature of the security and of market place trades (e.g., the time needed to dispose of the security, the method of soliciting offers and the mechanics of transfer).  The liquidity of Rule 144A securities would be monitored and if, as a result of changed conditions, it is determined that a Rule 144A security is no longer liquid, a Fund’s holdings of illiquid securities would be reviewed to determine what steps, if any, are required to assure that the Fund does not invest more than the maximum percentage of its assets in illiquid securities.

 

Investing in Rule 144A securities could have the effect of increasing the amount of a Fund’s assets invested in illiquid securities if qualified institutional buyers are unwilling to purchase such securities.  Because the liquidity or illiquidity of a security depends on various factors, other types of restricted securities also may be determined to be liquid under largely the same type of analysis and process as is applied in respect of Rule 144A.

 

Liquidity Risk is the risk that the value of a security will fall if trading in the security is limited or absent.  Liquidity risk also refers to the possibility that the Fund may not be able to sell a security, or close out an investment contract, when it wants to.

 

Precious Metals. The Funds may invest a maximum of 25% of total assets in precious metals. Precious metals at times have been subject to substantial price fluctuations over short periods of time and may be affected by unpredictable monetary and political policies such as currency devaluations or revaluations, economic and social conditions within a country, trade imbalances, or trade or currency restrictions between countries. The prices of precious metals, however, are less subject to local and company-specific factors than securities of individual companies. As a result, precious metals may be more or less volatile in price than securities of companies engaged in precious metals-related businesses. Investments in precious metals can present concerns such as delivery, storage and maintenance, possible illiquidity, and the unavailability of accurate market valuations. Although precious metals can be purchased in any form, including bullion and coins, the Funds intend to purchase only those forms of precious metals that are readily marketable and that can be stored in accordance with custody regulations applicable to mutual funds. A Fund may incur higher custody and transaction costs for precious metals than for securities.  Also, precious metals investments do not pay income.

 

For a Fund to qualify as a regulated investment company under current federal tax law, gains from selling precious metals may not exceed 10% of the Fund’s gross income for its taxable year.  This tax requirement could cause a Fund to hold or sell precious metals or securities when it would not otherwise do so.

 

Commodities and Commodity Contracts . Each Fund may purchase or sell precious metals directly or may invest in precious metal commodity contracts and options on such contracts (metals are considered “commodities” under the federal commodities laws).  Investing in precious metals in this manner carries risks, as described below. Each Fund may also invest in instruments related to precious metals, including structured notes, securities of precious metal finance and operating companies. The Fund’s exposure to the commodities markets may subject the Fund to greater volatility than investments in traditional securities. The value of commodity-linked instruments may be affected by changes in overall market movements, commodity index volatility, changes in interest rates, and other risks affecting a particular industry or commodity.

 

Floating Rate, Inverse Floating Rate and Index Obligations .  Each Fund may invest in debt securities with interest payments or maturity values that are not fixed, but float in conjunction with (or inversely to) an underlying index or price. These securities may be backed by sovereign or corporate issuers, or by collateral such as mortgages. The indices and prices upon which such securities can be based include interest rates, currency rates and commodities prices.

 

Floating rate securities pay interest according to a coupon which is reset periodically. The reset mechanism may be formula based, or reflect the passing through of floating interest payments on an underlying collateral pool. Inverse floating rate securities are similar to floating rate securities except that their coupon payments vary inversely with an underlying index by use of a formula. Inverse floating rate securities tend to exhibit greater price volatility than other floating rate securities.

 

Floating rate obligations generally exhibit a low price volatility for a given stated maturity or average life because their coupons adjust with changes in interest rates. Interest rate risk and price volatility on inverse floating rate obligations can be high, especially if leverage is used in the formula. Index securities pay a fixed rate of interest, but have a maturity value that varies by formula, so that when the obligation matures a gain or loss may be realized. The risk of index obligations depends on the volatility of the underlying index, the coupon payment and the maturity of the obligation.

 

Bank Obligations .  The Funds may invest in bank obligations, which may include bank certificates of deposit, time deposits or bankers’ acceptances.  Certificates of deposit and time deposits are negotiable certificates issued against funds deposited in a commercial bank for a definite period of time and earning a specified return.  Bankers’ acceptances are negotiable drafts or

 

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bills of exchange, normally drawn by an importer or exporter to pay for specific merchandise, which are “accepted” by a bank, meaning in effect that the bank unconditionally agrees to pay the face value of the instrument on maturity.

 

Lower-Rated Debt Securities .  Each Fund may invest in lower-rated fixed-income securities (commonly known as “junk bonds”).  The lower ratings reflect a greater possibility that adverse changes in the financial condition of the issuer or in general economic conditions, or both, or an unanticipated rise in interest rates, may impair the ability of the issuer to make payments of interest and principal.  The inability (or perceived inability) of issuers to make timely payment of interest and principal would likely make the values of securities held by the Fund more volatile and could limit the Fund’s ability to sell its securities at prices approximating the values the Fund had placed on such securities.  In the absence of a liquid trading market for securities held by it, the Fund at times may be unable to establish the fair value of such securities.

 

Securities ratings are based largely on the issuer’s historical financial condition and the rating agencies’ analysis at the time of rating.  Consequently, the rating assigned to any particular security is not necessarily a reflection of the issuer’s current financial condition, which may be better or worse than the rating would indicate.  In addition, the rating assigned to a security by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. or Standard & Poor’s (or by any other nationally recognized securities rating agency) does not reflect an assessment of the volatility of the security’s market value or the liquidity of an investment in the security.

 

Like those of other fixed-income securities, the values of lower-rated securities fluctuate in response to changes in interest rates.  A decrease in interest rates will generally result in an increase in the value of the Fund’s fixed-income assets.  Conversely, during periods of rising interest rates, the value of the Fund’s fixed-income assets will generally decline.  The values of lower-rated securities may often be affected to a greater extent by changes in general economic conditions and business conditions affecting the issuers of such securities and their industries.  Negative publicity or investor perceptions may also adversely affect the values of lower-rated securities.   Changes by nationally recognized securities rating agencies in their ratings of any fixed-income security and changes in the ability of an issuer to make payments of interest and principal may also affect the value of these investments.  Changes in the value of portfolio securities generally will not affect income derived from these securities, but will affect the Fund’s net asset value.  The Fund will not necessarily dispose of a security when its rating is reduced below its rating at the time of purchase.  However, the Adviser will monitor the investment to determine whether its retention will assist in meeting the Fund’s investment objective(s).

 

Issuers of lower-rated securities are often highly leveraged, so that their ability to service their debt obligations during an economic downturn or during sustained periods of rising interest rates may be impaired.  Such issuers may not have more traditional methods of financing available to them and may be unable to repay outstanding obligations at maturity by refinancing.  The risk of loss due to default in payment of interest or repayment of principal by such issuers is significantly greater because such securities frequently are unsecured and subordinated to the prior payment of senior indebtedness.

 

At times, a substantial portion of each Fund’s assets may be invested in an issue of which the Fund, by itself or together with other Funds and accounts managed by the Adviser, holds all or a major portion.  Although the Adviser generally considers such securities to be liquid because of the availability of an institutional market for such securities, it is possible that, under adverse market or economic conditions or in the event of adverse changes in the financial condition of the issuer, the Fund could find it more difficult to sell these securities when the Adviser believes it advisable to do so or may be able to sell the securities only at prices lower than if they were more widely held.  Under these circumstances, it may also be more difficult to determine the fair value of such securities for purposes of computing the Fund’s net asset value.  In order to enforce its rights in the event of a default, the Fund may be required to participate in various legal proceedings or take possession of and manage assets securing the issuer’s obligations on such securities.  This could increase the Fund’s operating expenses and adversely affect the fund’s net asset value.  In the case of tax-exempt funds, any income derived from the fund’s ownership or operation of such assets would not be tax-exempt.  The ability of a holder of a tax-exempt security to enforce the terms of that security in a bankruptcy proceeding may be more limited than would be the case with respect to securities of private issuers.  In addition, the fund’s intention to qualify as a “regulated investment company” under the Internal Revenue Code may limit the extent to which the fund may exercise its rights by taking possession of such assets.

 

To the extent each Fund invests in securities in the lower rating categories, the achievement of the Fund’s goals is more dependent on the Adviser’s investment analysis than would be the case if the Fund were investing in securities in the higher rating categories.

 

Zero-Coupon and Pay-in-Kind Securities .  The Funds may invest in zero coupon and pay-in-kind (“PIK”) securities. Zero coupon securities are debt securities that pay no cash income but are sold at substantial discounts from their value at maturity. PIK securities pay all or a portion of their interest in the form of additional debt or equity securities. Because such securities do not pay current cash income, the price of these securities can be volatile when interest rates fluctuate. While these securities do not pay current cash income, federal income tax law requires the holders of zero coupon and PIK securities to

 

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include in income each year the portion of the original issue discount (or deemed discount) and other non-cash income on such securities accrued during that year.

 

Investment in Relatively New Issuers .  Each Fund intends to invest occasionally in the common stock of selected new issuers. Investments in relatively new issuers, i.e., those having continuous operating histories of less than three years, may carry special risks and may be more speculative because such companies are relatively unseasoned. Such companies may also lack sufficient resources, may be unable to generate internally the funds necessary for growth and may find external financing to be unavailable on favorable terms or even totally unavailable. Those companies will often be involved in the development or marketing of a new product with no established market, which could lead to significant losses. The securities of such issuers may have a limited trading market which may adversely affect their disposition and can result in their being priced lower than might otherwise be the case. If other investors who invest in such issuers trade the same securities when a Fund attempts to dispose of its holdings, the Fund may receive lower prices than might otherwise be the case.

 

Bank Loans . Each Fund may invest in bank loans.  By purchasing a loan, the Fund acquires some or all of the interest of a bank or other lending institution in a loan to a particular borrower.  The Fund may act as part of a lending syndicate, and in such cases would be purchasing a “participation” in the loan.  The fund may also purchase loans by assignment from another lender.  Many loans are secured by the assets of the borrower, and most impose restrictive covenants which must be met by the borrower.  These loans are typically made by a syndicate of banks, represented by an agent bank which has negotiated and structured the loan and which is responsible generally for collecting interest, principal, and other amounts from the borrower on its own behalf and on behalf of the other lending institutions in the syndicate, and for enforcing its and their other rights against the borrower.  Each of the lending institutions, including the agent bank, lends to the borrower a portion of the total amount of the loan, and retains the corresponding interest in the loan.

 

Each Fund’s ability to receive payments of principal and interest and other amounts in connection with loan participations held by it will depend primarily on the financial condition of the borrower (and, in some cases, the lending institution from which it purchases the loan).  The value of collateral, if any, securing a loan can decline, or may be insufficient to meet the borrower’s obligations or difficult to liquidate.  In addition, the Fund’s access to collateral may be limited by bankruptcy or other insolvency laws.  The failure by the Fund to receive scheduled interest or principal payments on a loan would adversely affect the income of the Fund and would likely reduce the value of its assets, which would be reflected in a reduction in the Fund’s net asset value.  Banks and other lending institutions generally perform a credit analysis of the borrower before originating a loan or participating in a lending syndicate.  In selecting the loans in which the Fund will invest, however, the Adviser will not rely solely on that credit analysis, but will perform its own investment analysis of the borrowers.  The Adviser’s analysis may include consideration of the borrower’s financial strength and managerial experience, debt coverage, additional borrowing requirements or debt maturity schedules, changing financial conditions, and responsiveness to changes in business conditions and interest rates.  The Adviser will generally not have access to non-public information to which other investors in syndicated loans may have access.  Because loans in which the Fund may invest are not generally rated by independent credit rating agencies, a decision by the Fund to invest in a particular loan will depend almost exclusively on the Adviser’s, and the original lending institution’s, credit analysis of the borrower.  Investments in loans may be of any quality, including “distressed” loans, and will be subject to the Fund’s credit quality policy.  The loans in which the Fund may invest include those that pay fixed rates of interest and those that pay floating rates – i.e. , rates that adjust periodically based on a known lending rate, such as a bank’s prime rate.

 

Investing directly in loans or other direct debt instruments exposes the Funds to various risks similar to those borne by a creditor.  Such risks include the risk of default, the risk of delayed repayment, and the risk of inadequate collateral.  Investments in loans are also less liquid than investment in publicly traded securities and carry less legal protections in the event of fraud or misrepresentation.  Unlike debt instruments that are securities, investments in loans are not regulated by federal securities laws or the SEC.  In addition, loan participations involve a risk of insolvency by the lending bank or other financial intermediary.

 

Arbitrage Transactions . To the extent that the Fund invests significantly in foreign securities traded on markets that close before the Fund’s valuation time, it may be particularly susceptible to dilution as a result of excessive trading. Because events may occur after the close of foreign markets and before the Fund’s valuation time that influence the value of foreign securities, investors may seek to trade Fund shares in an effort to benefit from their understanding of the value of foreign securities as of the Fund’s valuation time. This is often referred to as price arbitrage. The Fund has adopted procedures designed to adjust closing market prices of foreign securities under certain circumstances to reflect what the Fund believes to be the fair value of those securities as of its valuation time. To the extent the adjustments don’t work fully, investors engaging in price arbitrage may cause dilution in the value of the Fund’s shares held by other shareholders.

 

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Non-Principal Investment Strategies and Risks of the Funds

 

Non-Principal Investment Strategies

 

The Funds may also invest their assets in trade claims, municipal bonds, and auction market preferred security loans, of, in the case of the Worldwide Fund, U.S. and non-U.S. companies, and in the case of the International Fund, primarily non-U.S. companies.

 

In addition, the Funds may invest in currencies, warrants, options or other similar rights, in asset-backed securities, collateralized debt or loan obligations or other “structured securities” in which the value is linked to the price of an underlying instrument, such as a currency, commodity or index, or purchase or sell contracts for future delivery of commodities, currencies, indices or securities. The Funds may invest in swaps, including rate caps, floors and collars, credit default swap contracts, total return swaps and currency swaps, for hedging purposes or to gain exposure to a credit which the Funds may otherwise invest, as well as other derivative instruments, including products that have yet to be developed. The Funds may invest in mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities. The Funds may, subject to a number of restrictions, hold securities issued by other investment funds or trusts as well as securities issued by private investment funds.

 

The Funds may enter into repurchase agreements.

 

Non-Principal Investment Risks

 

Mortgage-Backed Securities . Each Fund may invest in mortgage-backed securities and derivative mortgage-backed securities, and may also invest in “principal only” and “interest only” components. Mortgage-backed securities are securities that directly or indirectly represent a participation in, or are secured by and payable from, mortgage loans on real property.

 

As with other debt securities, mortgage-backed securities are subject to credit risk and interest rate risk. However, the yield and maturity characteristics of mortgage-backed securities differ from traditional debt securities. A major difference is that the principal amount of the obligations may normally be prepaid at any time because the underlying assets (i.e., loans) generally may be prepaid at any time. The relationship between prepayments and interest rates may give some mortgage-backed securities less potential for growth in value than conventional fixed-income securities with comparable maturities. In addition, in periods of falling interest rates, the rate of prepayments tends to increase. During such periods, the reinvestment of prepayment proceeds by each Fund will generally be at lower rates than the rates that were carried by the obligations that have been prepaid. If interest rates rise, borrowers may prepay mortgages more slowly than originally expected. This may further reduce the market value of mortgage-backed securities and lengthen their durations. Because of these and other reasons, a mortgage-backed security’s total return, maturity and duration may be difficult to predict precisely. Mortgage-backed securities come in different classes that have different risks. Junior classes of mortgage-backed securities protect the senior class investors against losses on the underlying mortgage loans by taking the first loss if there are liquidations among the underlying loans. Junior classes generally receive principal and interest payments only after all required payments have been made to more senior classes. If a Fund invests in junior classes of mortgage-related securities, it may not be able to recover all of its investment in the securities it purchases. In addition, if the underlying mortgage portfolio has been overvalued, or if mortgage values subsequently decline, a Fund may suffer significant losses.

 

Investments in mortgage-backed securities involve the risks of interruptions in the payment of interest and principal (delinquency) and the potential for loss of principal if the property underlying the security is sold as a result of foreclosure on the mortgage (default). These risks include the risks associated with direct ownership of real estate, such as the effects of general and local economic conditions on real estate values, the conditions of specific industry segments, the ability of tenants to make lease payments and the ability of a property to attract and retain tenants, which in turn may be affected by local market conditions such as oversupply of space or a reduction of available space, the ability of the owner to provide adequate maintenance and insurance, energy costs, government regulations with respect to environmental, zoning, rent control and other matters, and real estate and other taxes. If the underlying borrowers cannot pay their mortgage loans, they may default and the lenders may foreclose on the property. Finally, the ability of borrowers to repay mortgage loans underlying mortgage-backed securities will typically depend upon the future availability of financing and the stability of real estate values.

 

For mortgage loans not guaranteed by a government agency or other party, the only remedy of the lender in the event of a default is to foreclose upon the property. If borrowers are not able or willing to pay the principal balance on the loans, there is a good chance that payments on the related mortgage-related securities will not be made. Certain borrowers on underlying

 

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mortgages may become subject to bankruptcy proceedings, in which case the value of the mortgage-backed securities may decline.

 

Recent Developments with Sub-prime Mortgage Market .   Certain real estate markets have experienced declines in prices and demand, most notably in the residential housing market.  In addition, there have been rising delinquency rates in highly leveraged loans to weaker borrowers, specifically in the sub-prime mortgage sector, that have caused rising defaults on loans.  These defaults have caused unexpected losses for loan originators and certain sub-prime lenders.  The deteriorating situation with loans and lenders has led to instability in capital markets associated with securities that are linked to the sub-prime mortgage market.  These events may increase the risks associated with investments mortgage-backed securities and asset-backed securities.

 

Asset-Backed Securities .  Each Fund may invest in asset-backed securities that, through the use of trusts and special purpose vehicles, are securitized with various types of assets, such as automobile receivables, credit card receivables and home-equity loans in pass-through structures similar to the mortgage-related securities described above.  In general, the collateral supporting asset-backed securities is of shorter maturity than the collateral supporting mortgage loans and is less likely to experience substantial prepayments. However, asset-backed securities are not backed by any governmental agency.

 

Exchange Traded Funds (“ETFs”) . Each Fund may invest in ETFs, which are investment companies or special purpose trusts whose primary objective is to achieve the same rate of return as a particular market index while trading throughout the day on an exchange. The Funds will purchase and sell individual shares of ETFs in the secondary market. These secondary market transactions require the payment of commissions.

 

ETF shares are subject to the same risks as other investment companies, as described above.  Certain risks of investing in an ETF are similar to those of investing in an indexed mutual fund, including tracking error risk (the risk of errors in matching the ETF’s underlying assets to the index); and the risk that because an ETF is not actively managed, it cannot sell poorly performing stocks as long as they are represented in the index. Other ETF risks include the risk that ETFs may trade in the secondary market at a discount from their NAV and the risk that the ETFs may not be liquid.  Furthermore, there may be times when the exchange halts trading, in which case a Fund owning ETF shares would be unable to sell them until trading is resumed.  In addition, because ETFs often invest in a portfolio of common stocks and “track” a designated index, an overall decline in stocks comprising an ETF’s benchmark index could have a greater impact on the ETF and investors than might be the case in an investment company with a more widely diversified portfolio.  Losses could also occur if the ETF is unable to replicate the performance of the chosen benchmark index. Other risks associated with ETFs include the possibility that: (i) an ETF’s distributions may decline if the issuers of the ETF’s portfolio securities fail to continue to pay dividends; and (ii) under certain circumstances, an ETF could be terminated.  Should termination occur, the ETF could have to liquidate its portfolio when the prices for those assets are falling.  In addition, inadequate or irregularly provided information about an ETF or its investments could expose investors in ETFs to unknown risks.

 

Exchange Traded Notes (“ETNs”) An investment in an Exchange Traded Note (ETN) involves risks, including possible loss of principal. ETNs are unsecured debt securities issued by a bank that are linked to the total return of a market index. Risks of investing in ETNs also include limited portfolio diversification, uncertain principal payment, and illiquidity. Additionally, the investor fee will reduce the amount of return on maturity or at redemption, and as a result the investor may receive less than the principal amount a maturity or upon redemption, even if the value of the relevant index has increased. An investment in an ETN may not be suitable for all investors.

 

Structured Investments . A structured investment is a security having a return tied to an underlying index or other security or asset class.  Structured investments generally are individually negotiated agreements and may be traded over-the-counter.  Structured investments are organized and operated to restructure the investment characteristics of the underlying security.  This restructuring involves the deposit with or purchase by an entity, such as a corporation or trust, on specified instruments (such as commercial bank loans) and the issuance by that entity or one or more classes of securities (“structured securities”) backed by, or representing interests in, the underlying instruments.  The cash flow on the underlying instruments may be apportioned among the newly issued structured securities to create securities with different investment characteristics, such as varying maturities, payment priorities and interest rate provisions, and the extent of such payments made with respect to structured securities is dependent on the extent of the cash flow on the underlying instruments.  Because structured securities typically involve no credit enhancement, their credit risk generally will be equivalent to that of the underlying instruments.  Investments in structured securities are generally of a class of structured securities that is either subordinated or unsubordinated to the right of payment of another class.  Subordinated structured securities typically have higher yields and present greater risks than unsubordinated structured securities.  Structured securities are typically sold in private placement transactions, and there currently is no active trading market for structured securities.  Investments in government and government-related and restructured debt instruments are subject to special risks, including the inability or unwillingness to repay principal and interest, requests to reschedule or restructure outstanding debt and requests to extend additional loan amounts.

 

Certain issuers of structured investments may be deemed to be “investment companies” as defined in the 1940 Act.  As a result, a Fund’s investment in these structured investments may be limited by the restrictions contained in the 1940 Act. Structured investments are typically sold in private placement transactions, and there currently is no active trading market for Structured Investments.

 

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Private Investment Funds . Each Fund may invest in private investment funds (“Hedge Funds”) managed by various investment managers (“Managers”) that use a variety of investment strategies, including investment in other Hedge Funds. By investing in Hedge Funds indirectly through the Fund, an investor indirectly bears a portion of the asset-based fees, incentive-based allocations and other expenses borne by a Fund as an investor in Hedge Funds, in addition to the operating expenses of a Fund. The incentive-based allocations assessed by Managers and borne directly by a Fund may create an incentive for Managers to make investments that are riskier or more speculative than those that might have been made in the absence of incentive-based allocations. Because the Managers value the Hedge Funds they manage, which directly affects the amount of incentive-based allocations they receive, Managers face a conflict of interest in performing such valuations. Various risks are associated with the securities and other instruments in which Hedge Funds may invest, their investment strategies and the specialized investment techniques they may use. Hedge Funds are not registered as investment companies under the 1940 Act. Therefore, a Fund, as an investor in Hedge Funds, will not have the benefit of the protections afforded by the 1940 Act to investors in registered investment companies, such as mutual funds. To the extent a Fund invests in a Hedge Fund that allows its investors to effect withdrawals only at certain specified times, a Fund may not be able to withdraw its investment in such Hedge Fund promptly after it has made a decision to do so, which may result in a loss and adversely affect a Fund’s investment return. To the extent a Fund invests in a Hedge Fund that is permitted to distribute securities in kind to investors making withdrawals, upon a Fund’s withdrawal of all or a portion of its interest in such Hedge Fund a Fund may receive securities that are illiquid or difficult to value.

 

Investment in Other Investment Companies .  Each Fund may invest in unaffiliated investment funds which invest principally in securities in which that Fund is authorized to invest.  Under the 1940 Act, a Fund may invest a maximum of 10% of its total assets in the securities of other investment companies.  In addition, under the 1940 Act, not more than 5% of the Fund’s total assets may be invested in the securities of any one investment company and a Fund may not purchase more than 3% of the outstanding voting stock of such investment company.

 

Investing in other investment companies involves substantially the same risks as investing directly in the underlying securities, but may involve additional expenses at the investment company level. To the extent a Fund invests in other investment funds, the Fund’s shareholders will incur certain duplicative fees and expenses, including investment advisory fees. The return on such investments will be reduced by the operating expenses, including investment advisory and administration fees, of such investment funds, and will be further reduced by fund expenses, including management fees; that is, there will be a layering of certain fees and expenses.  Investments in investment companies also may involve the payment of substantial premiums above the value of such companies’ portfolio securities.

 

Despite the possibility of greater fees and expenses, investment in other investment companies may be attractive for several reasons, especially in connection with non-U.S. investments. Because of restrictions on direct investment by U.S. entities in certain countries, investing indirectly in such countries (by purchasing shares of another fund that is permitted to invest in such countries) may be the most practical and efficient way for a Fund to invest in such countries. In other cases, when a Fund’s portfolio manager desires to make only a relatively small investment in a particular country, investing through another fund that holds a diversified portfolio in that country may be more effective than investing directly in issuers in that country. The Funds do not intend to invest in such vehicles or funds unless the Adviser determines that the potential benefits of such investment justify the payment of any applicable premiums.

 

Adjustable Rate and Auction Preferred Stocks . Typically, the dividend rate on an adjustable rate preferred stock is determined prospectively each quarter by applying an adjustment formula established at the time of issuance of the stock.  Although adjustment formulas vary among issues, they typically involve a fixed premium or discount relative to rates on specified debt securities issued by the U.S. Treasury.  Typically, an adjustment formula will provide for a fixed premium or discount adjustment relative to the highest base yield of three specified U.S. Treasury securities: the 90-day Treasury bill, the 10-year Treasury note and the 20-year Treasury bond.  The premium or discount adjustment to be added to or subtracted from this highest U.S. Treasury base rate yield is fixed at the time of issue and cannot be changed without the approval of the holders of the stock.  The dividend rate on other preferred stocks, commonly known as auction preferred stocks, is adjusted at intervals that may be more frequent than quarterly, such as every 49 days, based on bids submitted by holders and prospective purchasers of such stocks and may be subject to stated maximum and minimum dividend rates.  The issues of most adjustable rate and auction preferred stocks currently outstanding are perpetual, but are redeemable after a specified date at the option of the issuer.  Certain issues supported by the credit of a high-rated financial institution provide for mandatory redemption prior to expiration of the credit arrangement.  No redemption can occur if full cumulative dividends are not paid.  Although the dividend rates on adjustable and auction preferred stocks generally are adjusted or reset frequently, the market values of these preferred stocks still may fluctuate in response to changes in interest rates.  Market values of adjustable preferred stocks also may substantially fluctuate if interest rates increase or decrease once the maximum or minimum dividend rate for a particular stock is approached.

 

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Municipal Bonds . Municipal bonds are debt obligations issued by the states, possessions, or territories of the United States (including the District of Columbia) or a political subdivision, public instrumentality, agency or other governmental unit of such states, possessions, or territories (e.g., counties, cities, towns, villages, districts and authorities). For example, states, possessions, territories and municipalities may issue municipal bonds to raise funds for various public purposes such as airports, housing, hospitals, mass transportation, schools, water and sewer works.  They may also issue municipal bonds to refund outstanding obligations and to meet general operating expenses.

 

Municipal bonds may be general obligation bonds or revenue bonds.  General obligation bonds are secured by the issuer’s pledge of its full faith, credit and taxing power for the payment of principal and interest.  Revenue bonds are payable from revenues derived from particular facilities, from the proceeds of a special excise tax or from other specific revenue sources.  They are not usually payable from the general taxing power of a municipality.

 

In addition, certain types of “private activity” bonds may be issued by public authorities to obtain funding for privately operated facilities, such as housing and pollution control facilities, for industrial facilities and for water supply, gas, electricity and waste disposal facilities. Other types of private activity bonds are used to finance the construction, repair or improvement of, or to obtain equipment for, privately operated industrial or commercial facilities. Current federal tax laws place substantial limitations on the size of certain of such issues. In certain cases, the interest on a private activity bond may not be exempt from federal income tax or the alternative minimum tax.

 

Futures and Options on Futures . The Funds may use interest rate, foreign currency, index and other futures contracts.  The Funds may use options on futures contracts. A futures contract provides for the future sale by one party and purchase by another party of a specified quantity of the security or other financial instrument at a specified price and time.  A futures contract on an index is an agreement pursuant to which two parties agree to take or make delivery of an amount of cash equal to the difference between the value of the index at the close of the last trading day of the contract and the price at which the index contract originally was written.  Although the value of an index might be a function of the value of certain specified securities, physical delivery of these securities is not always made.  A public market exists in futures contracts covering a number of indexes, as well as financial instruments, including, without limitation: U.S. Treasury bonds; U.S. Treasury notes; GNMA Certificates; three-month U.S. Treasury bills; 90-day commercial paper; bank certificates of deposit; Eurodollar certificates of deposit; the Australian dollar; the Canadian dollar; the British pound; the Japanese yen; the Swiss franc; the Mexican peso; and certain multinational currencies, such as the euro.  It is expected that other futures contracts will be developed and traded in the future.

 

Each Fund may purchase and write call and put futures options.  Futures options possess many of the same characteristics as options on securities and indexes (discussed above).  A futures option gives the holder the right, in return for the premium paid, to assume a long position (call) or short position (put) in a futures contract at a specified exercise price upon expiration of, or at any time during the period of, the option.  Upon exercise of a call option, the holder acquires a long position in the futures contract and the writer is assigned the opposite short position.  In the case of a put option, the opposite is true.

 

When a purchase or sale of a futures contract is made by a Fund, the Fund is required to deposit with its futures commission merchant a specified amount of liquid assets (“initial margin”).  The margin required for a futures contract is set by the exchange on which the contract is traded and may be modified during the term of the contract.  The initial margin is in the nature of a performance bond or good faith deposit on the futures contract that is returned to the Fund upon termination of the contract, assuming all contractual obligations have been satisfied.  Each Fund listed above expects to earn taxable interest income on its initial margin deposits.  A futures contract held by a Fund is valued daily at the official settlement price of the exchange on which it is traded.  Each day the Fund pays or receives cash, called “variation margin,” equal to the daily change in value of the futures contract.  This process is known as “marking to market.”  Variation margin does not represent a borrowing or loan by the Fund but is instead a settlement between the Fund and the broker of the amount one would owe the other if the futures contract expired.  In computing daily net asset value, each Fund will mark to market its open futures positions.

 

Each Fund also is required to deposit and to maintain margin with respect to put and call options on futures contracts written by it.  Such margin deposits will vary depending on the nature of the underlying futures contract (and the related initial margin requirements), the current market value of the option and other futures positions held by the Fund.

 

Although some futures contracts call for making or taking delivery of the underlying securities, generally these obligations are closed out prior to delivery by offsetting purchases or sales of matching futures contracts (involving the same exchange, underlying security or index and delivery month).  If an offsetting purchase price is less than the original sale price, a Fund realizes a capital gain, or if it is more, the Fund realizes a capital loss.  Conversely, if an offsetting sale price is more than the

 

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original purchase price, a Fund realizes a capital gain, or if it is less, the Fund realizes a capital loss.  The transaction costs also must be included in these calculations.

 

The Funds may write covered straddles consisting of a call and a put written on the same underlying futures contract.  A straddle will be covered when sufficient assets are deposited to meet the Fund’s immediate obligations.  Each Fund may use the same liquid assets to cover both the call and put options if the exercise price of the call and put are the same, or if the exercise price of the call is higher than that of the put.  In such cases, each Fund also will segregate liquid assets equivalent to the amount, if any, by which the put is “in the money.”

 

Limitations on Use of Futures and Futures Options .   When purchasing a futures contract, each Fund will maintain with its futures commission merchant, a margin account with a value equal to the market value of the futures contract (marked to market on a daily basis).  Alternatively, the Fund may “cover” its position by purchasing a put option on the same futures contract with a strike price as high as or higher than the price of the contract held by the Fund.

 

When selling a futures contract, each Fund will maintain with its futures commission merchant, a margin account with a value equal to the market value of the instruments underlying the contract (marked to market on a daily basis).  Alternatively, the Fund may “cover” its position by owning the instruments underlying the contract (or, in the case of an index futures contract, a portfolio with a volatility substantially similar to that of the index on which the futures contract is based), or by holding a call option permitting the Fund to purchase the same futures contract at a price no higher than the price of the contract written by the Fund.

 

When selling a call option on a futures contract, each Fund will maintain with its futures commission merchant, a margin account with a value equal the total market value of the futures contract underlying the call option (marked to market on a daily basis).  Alternatively, the Fund may “cover” its position by entering into a long position in the same futures contract at a price no higher than the strike price of the call option, by owning the instruments underlying the futures contract, or by holding a separate call option permitting the Fund to purchase the same futures contract at a price not higher than the strike price of the call option sold by the Fund.

 

When selling a put option on a futures contract, each Fund will maintain with its futures commission merchant, a margin account with a value equal the purchase price of the futures contract (marked to market on a daily basis).  Alternatively, the Fund may “cover” the position either by entering into a short position in the same futures contract, or by owning a separate put option permitting it to sell the same futures contract so long as the strike price of the purchased put option is the same as or higher than the strike price of the put option sold by the Fund.

 

The requirements for qualification as a regulated investment company under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, also may limit the extent to which a Fund may enter into futures, futures options or forward contracts.

 

Risks Associated with Futures and Futures Options .   There are several risks associated with the use of futures contracts and futures options.  A purchase or sale of a futures contract may result in losses in excess of the amount invested in the futures contract.  There can be no guarantee that there will be a correlation between price movements in the futures contracts or futures options and in the securities or index positions covering them.  In addition, there are significant differences between the securities and indexes and futures markets that could result in an imperfect correlation between the markets.  The degree of imperfection of correlation depends on circumstances such as variations in speculative market demand for futures and futures options on securities or indexes, including technical influences in futures trading and futures options, and differences between the financial instruments held by a Fund and the instruments underlying the standard contracts available for trading in such respects as interest rate levels, maturities and creditworthiness of issuers.  A decision as to whether, when and how to employ futures contracts and futures options involves the exercise of skill and judgment, and even well-conceived uses may be unsuccessful to some degree because of market behavior or unexpected interest rate trends.

 

Futures exchanges may limit the amount of fluctuation permitted in certain futures contract prices during a single trading day.  The daily limit establishes the maximum amount that the price of a futures contract may vary either up or down from the previous day’s settlement price at the end of the current trading session.  Once the daily limit has been reached in a futures contract subject to the limit, no more trades may be made on that day at a price beyond that limit.  The daily limit governs only price movements during a particular trading day and therefore does not limit potential losses because the limit may work to prevent the liquidation of unfavorable positions.  For example, futures prices have occasionally moved to the daily limit for several consecutive trading days with little or no trading, thereby preventing prompt liquidation of positions and subjecting some holders of futures contracts to substantial losses.

 

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There can be no assurance that a liquid market will exist at a time when a Fund seeks to close out a futures contract or a futures option position, and the Fund would remain obligated to meet margin requirements until the position is closed.  In addition, many of the contracts discussed above are relatively new instruments without a significant trading history.  As a result, there can be no assurance that an active secondary market will develop or continue to exist.

 

Over the Counter Options and Futures Transactions .  Each Fund may invest in options, futures, swaps and related products.  Each Fund may enter into interest rate, currency and index swaps and the purchase or sale of related caps, floors and collars. Each Fund may enter into these transactions to preserve a return or spread on a particular investment or portion of its portfolio, to protect against currency fluctuations or to protect against any increase in the price of securities it anticipates purchasing at a later date. Swaps may be used in conjunction with other instruments to offset interest rate, currency or other underlying risks. For example, interest rate swaps may be offset with “caps,” “floors” or “collars”.  A “cap” is essentially a call option which places a limit on the amount of floating rate interest that must be paid on a certain principal amount. A “floor” is essentially a put option which places a limit on the minimum amount that would be paid on a certain principal amount. A “collar” is essentially a combination of a long cap and a short floor where the limits are set at different levels.

 

Each Fund will usually enter into swaps on a net basis; that is, the two payment streams will be netted out in a cash settlement on the payment date or dates specified in the instrument, with a Fund receiving or paying, as the case may be, only the net amount of the two payments. To the extent obligations created thereby may be deemed to constitute senior securities, each Fund will maintain required collateral in a segregated account consisting of U.S. government securities or cash or cash equivalents.

 

If a Fund were assigned an exercise notice on a call it has written, it would be required to liquidate portfolio securities in order to satisfy the exercise, unless it has other liquid assets that are sufficient to satisfy the exercise of the call. When a Fund has written a call, there is also a risk that the market may decline between the time the Fund has a call exercised against it, at a price which is fixed as of the closing level of the index on the date of exercise, and the time it is able to sell securities in its portfolio. As with stock options, a Fund will not learn that an index option has been exercised until the day following the exercise date but, unlike a call on stock where it would be able to deliver the underlying securities in settlement, a Fund may have to sell part of its securities portfolio in order to make settlement in cash, and the price of such securities might decline before they can be sold. For example, even if an index call which a Fund has written is “covered” by an index call held by the Fund with the same strike price, it will bear the risk that the level of the index may decline between the close of trading on the date the exercise notice is filed with the Options Clearing Corporation and the close of trading on the date the Fund exercises the call it holds or the time it sells the call, which in either case would occur no earlier than the day following the day the exercise notice was filed.

 

Over-the-Counter (“OTC”) transactions differ from exchange-traded transactions in several respects.  OTC transactions are transacted directly with dealers and not with a clearing corporation. Without the availability of a clearing corporation, OTC transaction pricing is normally done by reference to information from market makers, which information is carefully monitored by the Adviser and verified in appropriate cases.

 

As OTC transactions are transacted directly with dealers, there is a risk of nonperformance by the dealer as a result of the insolvency of such dealer or otherwise. An OTC transaction may only be terminated voluntarily by entering into a closing transaction with the dealer with whom a Fund originally dealt. Any such cancellation may require a Fund to pay a premium to that dealer. In those cases in which a Fund has entered into a covered transaction and cannot voluntarily terminate the transaction, the Fund will not be able to sell the underlying security until the transaction expires or is exercised or different cover is substituted. The Funds intend to enter into OTC transactions only with dealers which agree to, and which are expected to be capable of, entering into closing transactions with the Funds. There is also no assurance that a Fund will be able to liquidate an OTC transaction at any time prior to expiration.

 

The Funds’ administrator shall be entitled to rely upon prices received from a reputable pricing service. In addition and with respect to securities valued by the Adviser, the administrator shall be entitled to rely without inquiry upon the valuations submitted to it by the Adviser and shall have no responsibility to determine the accuracy or otherwise thereof.

 

Currency Exchange Transactions . A Fund may engage in currency transactions with counterparties to hedge the value of portfolio securities denominated in particular currencies against fluctuations in relative value, to gain or reduce exposure to certain currencies, or to generate income or gains.

 

Currency transactions include currency forward contracts, exchange-listed currency futures contracts and options thereon, exchange-listed and OTC options on currencies, and currency swaps.  A forward currency contract involves a privately negotiated obligation to purchase or sell (with delivery generally required) a specific currency at a future date, which may be

 

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any fixed number of days from the date of the contract agreed upon by the parties, at a price set at the time of the contract.  A currency swap is an agreement to exchange cash flows based on the notional difference among two or more currencies and operates similarly to an interest rate swap.

 

Each Fund may enter into a forward contract to sell, for a fixed amount of U.S. dollars, the amount of that currency approximating the value of some or all of a Fund’s portfolio securities denominated in such currency. For example, a Fund may do this if the manager believes that the currency of a particular country may decline in relation to the U.S. dollar. Forward contracts may limit potential gain from a positive change in the relationship between the U.S. dollar and foreign currencies. Transaction hedging includes entering into a currency transaction with respect to specific assets or liabilities of the Fund, which will generally arise in connection with the purchase or sale of portfolio securities or the receipt of income from them.  Position hedging is entering into a currency transaction with respect to portfolio securities positions denominated or generally quoted in that currency.

 

Each Fund may cross-hedge currencies by entering into transactions to purchase or sell one or more currencies that are expected to increase or decline in value relative to other currencies to which the Fund has or in which the Fund expects to have exposure.  To reduce the effect of currency fluctuations on the value of existing or anticipated holdings of its securities, a fund may also engage in proxy hedging.  Proxy hedging is often used when the currency to which the Fund’s holdings is exposed is difficult to hedge generally or difficult to hedge against the dollar.  Proxy hedging entails entering into a forward contract to sell a currency, the changes in the value of which are generally considered to be linked to a currency or currencies in which some or all of the Fund’s securities are or are expected to be denominated, and to buy dollars.

 

Currency hedging involves some of the same risks and considerations as other derivative transactions.  Currency transactions can result in losses to a Fund if the currency being hedged fluctuates in value to a degree or in a direction that is not anticipated. Further, the risk exists that the perceived linkage between various currencies may not be present or may not be present during the particular time that the Fund is engaging in these transactions.  Currency transactions are also subject to risks different from those of other portfolio transactions.  Because currency control is of great importance to the issuing governments and influences economic planning and policy, purchases and sales of currency and related instruments can be adversely affected by government exchange controls, limitations or restrictions on repatriation of currency, and manipulations or exchange restrictions imposed by governments.  These forms of governmental actions can result in losses to a Fund if it is unable to deliver or receive currency or monies in settlement of obligations and could also cause hedges it has entered into to be rendered useless, resulting in full currency exposure as well as incurring transaction costs.  Buyers and sellers of currency futures contracts are subject to the same risks that apply to the use of futures contracts generally.  Further, settlement of a currency futures contract for the purchase of most currencies must occur at a bank based in the issuing nation. Trading options on currency futures contracts is relatively new, and the ability to establish and close out positions on these options is subject to the maintenance of a liquid market that may not always be available.  Currency exchange rates may fluctuate based on factors extrinsic to that country’s economy.

 

Investment in Blank Check Companies .  Each Fund may also invest a maximum of 10% of total assets in equity securities of so-called “blank check” companies. These are companies that raise commitments from investors that enable the company to identify and negotiate an acquisition of an operating company, obtain shareholder approval of the transaction and then close on the acquisition. There is a risk that the company will not be able to identify a suitable acquisition candidate or negotiate a transaction or obtain approval and close on the transaction, in which case, a Fund may miss other investment opportunities. If the company closes on an acquisition, it will have similar risks to other operating companies with similar characteristics operating in a similar industry or market.

 

Trade Claims .  Each Fund may invest a maximum of 10% of total assets in trade claims. Trade claims are interests in amounts owed to suppliers of goods or services and are purchased from creditors of companies in financial difficulty and often involved in bankruptcy proceedings. For purchasers such as the Funds, trade claims offer the potential for profits since they are often purchased at a significant discount from face value and, consequently, may generate capital appreciation in the event that the market value of the claim increases as the debtor’s financial position improves or the claim is paid.

 

An investment in trade claims is very speculative and carries a high degree of risk. Trade claims are illiquid instruments which generally do not pay interest and there can be no guarantee that the debtor will ever be able to satisfy the obligation on the trade claim. The markets in trade claims are not regulated by federal securities laws or the SEC. Because trade claims are unsecured, holders of trade claims may have a lower priority in terms of payment than certain other creditors in a bankruptcy proceeding.

 

Repurchase Agreements . Each Fund may enter into repurchase agreements.  The Funds may invest a maximum of 10% of total assets in repurchase agreements.  A repurchase agreement is a transaction in which the seller of a security commits itself

 

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at the time of sale to repurchase that security from the buyer at a mutually agreed upon time and price.  The resale price is in excess of the purchase price and reflects an agreed-upon market interest rate unrelated to the coupon rate on the purchased security. Such transactions afford a Fund the opportunity to earn a return on temporarily available cash at relatively low market risk.  The manager monitors the value of the securities underlying the repurchase agreement at the time the transaction is entered into and at all times during the term of the repurchase agreement to ensure that the value of the securities always equals or exceeds the repurchase price.  Each Fund requires that additional securities be deposited if the value of the securities purchased decreases below their resale price and does not bear the risk of a decline in the value of the underlying security unless the seller defaults under the repurchase obligation.

 

While the underlying security may be a bill, certificate of indebtedness, note or bond issued by an agency, authority or instrumentality of the U.S. government, the obligation of the seller is not guaranteed by the U.S. government and there is a risk that the seller may fail to repurchase the underlying security. In such event, a Fund would attempt to exercise rights with respect to the underlying security, including possible disposition in the market. However, a Fund may be subject to various delays and risks of loss, including (i) possible declines in the value of the underlying security during the period while the Fund seeks to enforce its rights thereto, (ii) possible reduced levels of income and lack of access to income during this period and (iii) inability to enforce rights and the expenses involved in the attempted enforcement.

 

Repurchase agreements with maturities of more than seven days will be treated as illiquid securities.

 

Reverse Repurchase Agreements . The Funds may enter into “reverse” repurchase agreements to avoid selling securities during unfavorable market conditions to meet redemptions.  The Funds may invest a maximum of 10% of total assets in reverse repurchase agreements.  Pursuant to a reverse repurchase agreement, a Fund will sell portfolio securities and agree to repurchase them from the buyer at a particular date and price.  Whenever a Fund enters into a reverse repurchase agreement, it will establish a segregated account in which it will maintain liquid assets in an amount at least equal to the repurchase price marked to market daily (including accrued interest), and will subsequently monitor the account to ensure that such equivalent value is maintained.  A Fund pays interest on amounts obtained pursuant to reverse repurchase agreements.  Reverse repurchase agreements are considered to be borrowings by a Fund.

 

Borrowing .  Borrowing creates an opportunity for increased return, but, at the same time, creates special risks.  Furthermore, if a Fund were to engage in borrowing, an increase in interest rates could reduce the value of the Fund’s shares by increasing the Fund’s interest expense.

 

Subject to the limitations described under “Investment Limitations” below, a Fund may be permitted to borrow for temporary purposes and/or for investment purposes. Such a practice will result in leveraging of a Fund’s assets and may cause a Fund to liquidate portfolio positions when it would not be advantageous to do so. This borrowing may be secured or unsecured. Provisions of the 1940 Act require a Fund to maintain continuous asset coverage (that is, total assets including borrowings, less liabilities exclusive of borrowings) of 300% of the amount borrowed, with an exception for borrowings not in excess of 5% of the Fund’s total assets made for temporary administrative purposes. Any borrowings for temporary administrative purposes in excess of 5% of a Fund’s total assets will count against this asset coverage requirement. If the 300% asset coverage should decline as a result of market fluctuations or other reasons, a Fund may be required to sell some of its portfolio holdings within three days to reduce the debt and restore the 300% asset coverage, even though it may be disadvantageous from an investment standpoint if the Fund sells securities at that time.  Borrowing will tend to exaggerate the effect on net asset value of any increase or decrease in the market value of a Fund’s portfolio. Money borrowed will be subject to interest costs which may or may not be recovered by appreciation of the securities purchased, if any. A Fund also may be required to maintain minimum average balances in connection with such borrowings or to pay a commitment or other fee to maintain a line of credit; either of these requirements would increase the cost of borrowing over the stated interest rate.

 

From time to time, the Trust may enter into, and make borrowings for temporary purposes related to the redemption of shares under, a credit agreement with third-party lenders. Borrowings made under such a credit agreement will be allocated between the Funds pursuant to guidelines approved by the Board of Trustees.

 

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Warrants . Each Fund may invest in warrants, which are instruments that give the fund the right to purchase certain securities from an issuer at a specific price (the “strike price”) for a limited period of time.  The strike price of warrants typically is much lower than the current market price of the underlying securities, yet they are subject to similar price fluctuations.  As a result, warrants may be more volatile investments than the underlying securities and may offer greater potential for capital appreciation as well as capital loss.  Warrants do not entitle a holder to dividends or voting rights with respect to the underlying securities and do not represent any rights in the assets of the issuing company.  Also, the value of the warrant does not necessarily change with the value of the underlying securities and a warrant ceases to have value if it is not exercised prior to the expiration date.  These factors can make warrants more speculative than other types of investments.

 

In addition to warrants on securities, each Fund may purchase put warrants and call warrants whose values vary depending on the change in the value of one or more specified securities indices (“index warrants”).  Index warrants are generally issued by banks or other financial institutions and give the holder the right, at any time during the term of the warrant, to receive upon exercise of the warrant a cash payment from the issuer based on the value of the underlying index at the time of exercise.  In general, if the value of the underlying index rises above the exercise price of the index warrant, the holder of a call warrant will be entitled to receive a cash payment from the issuer upon exercise based on the difference between the value of the index and the exercise price of the warrant; if the value of the underlying index falls, the holder of a put warrant will be entitled to receive a cash payment from the issuer upon exercise based on the difference between the exercise price of the warrant and the value of the index.  The holder of a warrant would not be entitled to any payments from the issuer at any time when, in the case of a call warrant, the exercise price is greater than the value of the underlying index, or, in the case of a put warrant, the exercise price is less than the value of the underlying index.  If a Fund were not to exercise an index warrant prior to its expiration, then the fund would lose the amount of the purchase price paid by it for the warrant.

 

Each Fund will normally use index warrants in a manner similar to its use of options on securities indices.  The risks of a Fund’s use of index warrants are generally similar to those relating to its use of index options. Unlike most index options, however, index warrants are issued in limited amounts and are not obligations of a regulated clearing agency, but are backed only by the credit of the bank or other institution which issues the warrant.  Also, index warrants generally have longer terms than index options.  Index warrants are not likely to be as liquid as certain index options backed by a recognized clearing agency.  In addition, the terms of index warrants may limit the fund’s ability to exercise the warrants at such time, or in such quantities, as the fund would otherwise wish to do.

 

Lending of Securities . The Funds may lend securities if such loans are secured continuously by liquid assets consisting of cash, United States Government securities or other appropriate securities or by a letter of credit in favor of the Fund at least equal at all times to 100% of the market value of the securities loaned, plus any accrued interest.  While such securities are on loan, the borrower pays the applicable Fund any dividends or income received on the securities loaned and has the right to vote the securities on any matter in which the securities are entitled to be voted.  Loans may be terminated by the lending Fund or the borrower and shall be effected according to the standard settlement time for trades in the particular loaned securities.  Borrowed securities must be returned to the lending Fund when a loan is terminated.  If a loan is collateralized by U.S. Government securities or other non-cash collateral, the lending Fund receives a fee from the borrower.  If a loan is collateralized by cash, the lending Fund typically invests the cash collateral for its own account in short-term, interest-bearing securities and pays a fee to the borrower that normally represents a portion of the Fund’s earnings on the collateral.  Any gain or loss in the market price of the borrowed securities that occurs during the term of the loan inures to the lending Fund.  The Funds may incur custodial fees and other costs in connection with loans.  In addition, the Funds’ lending agent receives a fixed fee from the Funds, representing a percentage of the securities loaned.  The Funds may, in the future, appoint and pay compensation to additional securities lending agents.

 

Each Fund will loan no more than one-third of its total assets.

 

In lending their portfolio securities, the Funds consider all facts and circumstances, including the creditworthiness of the borrowing financial institution, and the Funds will not make any loans for terms in excess of one year.  The Funds will recall a loaned security in order to vote the shares on a material proxy issue.  The Funds will not lend their securities to any Director, officer, employee, or any other affiliated person (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Fund, the Advisor, any sub-advisor, the Administrator or the Distributor, unless permitted by applicable law.

 

Options Transactions .  The Adviser believes that certain transactions in options on securities and on stock indices may be useful in limiting each Fund’s investment risk and augmenting its investment return. The Adviser expects, however, the amount of each Fund’s assets that will be involved in options transactions to be small relative to the Fund’s assets. Accordingly, it is expected that only a relatively small portion of each Fund’s investment return will be attributable to transactions in options on securities and on stock indices. Each Fund may invest in put and call options transactions involving options on securities and on stock indices that are traded on U.S. and foreign exchanges or in the over-the-counter markets.

 

16



 

Securities and options exchanges have established limitations on the maximum number of options that an investor or group of investors acting in concert may write.  It is possible that the Funds, other investment vehicles advised by the Adviser and other clients of the Adviser may be considered such a group.  Position limits may restrict a Fund’s ability to purchase or sell options on particular securities and on stock indices.

 

Index prices may be distorted if trading in certain stocks included in the index is interrupted.  Trading in the index options may also be interrupted in certain circumstances, such as if trading were halted in a substantial number of stocks included in the index.  If this occurred, a Fund would not be able to close out options which it had purchased or written and, if restrictions on exercise were imposed, might be unable to exercise an option it held, which could result in substantial losses to a Fund.

 

Covered Option Writing .  Each Fund may write “covered” calls and “covered” puts on equity or debt securities and on stock indices in seeking to enhance investment return or to hedge against declines in the prices of portfolio securities or may write put options to hedge against increases in the prices of securities which it intends to purchase. A call option is covered if a Fund holds, on a share-for-share basis, either the underlying shares or a call on the same security as the call written where the exercise price of the call held is equal to or less than the exercise price of the call written (or greater than the exercise price of the call written if the difference is maintained by a Fund in cash, treasury bills or other high grade short-term obligations in a segregated account with its custodian). A put option is “covered” if a Fund maintains cash, treasury bills or other high grade short-term obligations with a value equal to the exercise price in a segregated account with its custodian, or holds on a share-for-share basis a put on the same equity or debt security as the put written where the exercise price of the put held is equal to or greater than the exercise price of the put written, or lower than the exercise price of the put written if the difference is maintained in a segregated account with its custodian.

 

Options on Stock Indices .  Each Fund will write call options on broadly based stock market indices only if at the time of writing it holds a portfolio of stocks. When a Fund writes a call option on a broadly based stock market index, it will segregate or put into escrow with its custodian any combination of cash, cash equivalents or “qualified securities” with a market value at the time the option is written of not less than 100% of the current index value times the multiplier times the number of contracts. A “qualified security” is an equity security which is listed on a securities exchange or on the NASDAQ against which a Fund has not written a call option and which has not been hedged by the sale of stock index futures.

 

When-Issued or Delayed-Delivery Securities . The Funds may purchase securities on a when-issued or delayed delivery basis.  For example, delivery of and payment for these securities can take place a month or more after the date of the purchase commitment.  The purchase price and the interest rate payable, if any, on the securities are fixed on the purchase commitment date or at the time the settlement date is fixed.  The value of such securities is subject to market fluctuations and, in the case of fixed income securities, no interest accrues to a Fund until settlement takes place.  When purchasing a security on a when-issued or delayed-delivery basis, a Fund assumes the rights and risks of ownership of the security, including the risk of price and yield fluctuations. Accordingly, at the time a Fund makes the commitment to purchase securities on a when-issued or delayed delivery basis, it will record the transaction, reflect the value each day of such securities in determining its net asset value and, if applicable, calculate the maturity for the purposes of average maturity from that date.  At the time of its acquisition, a when-issued security may be valued at less than the purchase price.  A Fund will make commitments for such when-issued transactions only when it has the intention of actually acquiring the securities.  To facilitate such acquisitions, each Fund will maintain with the Custodian a segregated account with liquid assets, consisting of cash, United States Government securities or other appropriate securities, in an amount at least equal to such commitments.  On delivery dates for such transactions, each Fund will meet its obligations from maturities or sales of the securities held in the segregated account and/or from cash flow.  If, however, a Fund chooses to dispose of the right to acquire a when-issued security prior to its acquisition, it could, as with the disposition of any other portfolio obligation, incur a taxable capital gain or loss due to market fluctuation.  Also, a Fund may be disadvantaged if the other party to the transaction defaults.  It is the current policy of each Fund not to enter into when-issued commitments exceeding in the aggregate 25% of the market value of the Fund’s total assets, less liabilities other than the obligations created by when-issued commitments.

 

Swap Agreements .

 

Total Return Swaps . The Funds may enter into total return swap contracts for investment purposes.  Total return swaps are contracts in which one party agrees to make periodic payments based on the change in market value of the underlying assets, which may include a specified security, basket of securities or security indexes during the specified period, in return for periodic payments based on a fixed or variable interest rate of the total return from other underlying assets. Total return swap agreements may be used to obtain exposure to a security or market without owning or taking physical custody of such security or market, including in cases in which there may be disadvantages associated with direct ownership of a particular security. In a typical total return equity swap, payments made by a Fund or the counterparty are based on the total

 

17



 

return of a particular reference asset or assets (such as an equity security, a combination of such securities, or an index). That is, one party agrees to pay another party the return on a stock, basket of stocks, or stock index in return for a specified interest rate. By entering into an equity index swap, for example, the index receiver can gain exposure to stocks making up the index of securities without actually purchasing those stocks. Total return swaps involve not only the risk associated with the investment in the underlying securities, but also the risk of the counterparty not fulfilling its obligations under the agreement.

 

Credit Default Swaps. The Funds may enter into credit default swap agreements for investment purposes.  A credit default swap agreement may have as reference obligations one or more securities that are not currently held by the Funds. The Funds may be either the buyer or seller in the transaction. Credit default swaps may also be structured based on the debt of a basket of issuers, rather than a single issuer, and may be customized with respect to the default event that triggers purchase or other factors. As a seller, a Fund generally receives an up front payment or a fixed rate of income throughout the term of the swap, which typically is between six months and three years, provided that there is no credit event. If a credit event occurs, generally the seller must pay the buyer the full face amount of deliverable obligations of the reference obligations that may have little or no value. If the Fund is a buyer and no credit event occurs, the Fund recovers nothing if the swap is held through its termination date. However, if a credit event occurs, the buyer may elect to receive the full notional value of the swap in exchange for an equal face amount of deliverable obligations of the reference obligation that may have little or no value.

 

The use of swap agreements by a fund entails certain risks, which may be different from, or possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in the securities and other investments that are the referenced asset for the swap agreement. Swaps are highly specialized instruments that require investment techniques, risk analyses, and tax planning different from those associated with stocks, bonds, and other traditional investments. The use of a swap requires an understanding not only of the referenced asset, reference rate, or index, but also of the swap itself, without the benefit of observing the performance of the swap under all the possible market conditions. Because some swap agreements have a leverage component, adverse changes in the value or level of the underlying asset, reference rate, or index can result in a loss substantially greater than the amount invested in the swap itself. Certain swaps have the potential for unlimited loss, regardless of the size of the initial investment.

 

The largest risks associated with swaps include: Credit Risk, Liquidity Risk and Market Risk.

 

The Funds may also purchase credit default swap contracts in order to hedge against the risk of default of the debt of a particular issuer or basket of issuers, in which case the Funds would function as the counterparty referenced in the preceding paragraphs. This would involve the risk that the investment may expire worthless and would only generate income in the event of an actual default by the issuer(s) of the underlying obligation(s) (or, as applicable, a credit downgrade or other indication of financial instability). It would also involve the risk that the seller may fail to satisfy its payment obligations to the Funds in the event of a default. The purchase of credit default swaps involves costs, which will reduce the Funds’ return.

 

Currency Swaps.  The Funds may enter into currency swap agreements for investment purposes.  Currency swaps are similar to interest rate swaps, except that they involve multiple currencies. A Fund may enter into a currency swap when it has exposure to one currency and desires exposure to a different currency. Typically the interest rates that determine the currency swap payments are fixed, although occasionally one or both parties may pay a floating rate of interest. Unlike an interest rate swap, however, the principal amounts are exchanged at the beginning of the contract and returned at the end of the contract. In addition to paying and receiving amounts at the beginning and termination of the agreements, both sides will also have to pay in full periodically based upon the currency they have borrowed. Change in foreign exchange rates and changes in interest rates, as described above, may negatively affect currency swaps.

 

18



 

INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS

 

Fundamental Investment Restrictions of the Worldwide Fund and International Fund

 

The investment restrictions set forth below are fundamental policies of the Funds and may not be changed without shareholder approval by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of each Fund. Under these restrictions, each Fund:

 

(1) may not borrow money, except to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act (see “Borrowing” above);

 

(2) may not issue senior securities, except as permitted borrowings or as otherwise permitted under the 1940 Act 1 ;

 

(3) may not underwrite securities issued by other persons except to the extent that, in connection with the disposition of its portfolio investments, it may be deemed to be an underwriter under federal securities laws;

 

(4) may not concentrate 25% or more of the value of its total assets in any one industry 2  or group of industries;

 

(5) with respect to 75% of its total assets (exclusive of cash, cash items, and government securities), may not invest in securities of any issuer if, immediately after such investment, more than 5% of the total assets of the fund (taken at current value) would be invested in the securities of such issuer;

 

(6) with respect to 75% of its total assets, may not acquire more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of any issuer;

 

(7) may not purchase or sell real estate, although it may purchase securities of issuers which deal in real estate, including securities of real estate investment trusts, and may purchase securities which are secured by interests in real estate;

 

(8) may not make loans, except by purchase of debt obligations in which the fund may invest consistent with its investment policies, by entering into repurchase agreements, or by lending its portfolio securities. A Fund may loan no more than one-third of its total assets.

 

(9) may not purchase or sell commodities, except that the Fund may purchase and sell futures contracts and options, may enter into foreign exchange contracts, and may enter into swap agreements and other financial transactions not requiring the delivery of physical commodities. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Fund may purchase or sell up to 25% in precious metals directly, 3  and purchase or sell precious metal commodity contracts or options on such contracts in compliance with applicable commodities laws.

 

In determining whether a transaction is permitted under the 1940 Act, Restriction 2 above will be construed not to prohibit any transaction that is permitted under the 1940 Act, as interpreted or modified, or as otherwise permitted by regulatory authority having jurisdiction from time to time.

 

In addition, under normal circumstances the Worldwide Fund as well as the International Fund each will invest in at least three foreign countries.

 


1  Section 18(f)(1)of the 1940 Act generally prohibits registered open-end investment companies from issuing senior securities other than with respect to bank borrowings. Section 18(g) defines “senior security,” in pertinent part, as “any bond, debenture, note, or similar obligation or instrument constituting a security and evidencing indebtedness, and any stock of a class having priority over any other class as to distribution of assets or payment of dividends.”

2  The Funds use the term “industry” as a classification that refers to a group of companies related in terms of their primary business activities.

3   The commodities in which the Fund will invest directly have robust, deep and liquid markets. The Funds’ investments in precious metals can be readily liquidated.

 

19



 

Notwithstanding the foregoing investment restrictions, the Funds may purchase securities pursuant to the exercise of subscription rights.  Japanese and European corporations frequently issue additional capital stock by means of subscription rights offerings to existing shareholders at a price substantially below the market price of the shares.  The failure to exercise such rights would result in a Fund’s interest in the issuing company being diluted.  The market for such rights is not well developed in all cases and, accordingly, a Fund may not always realize full value on the sale of rights.  The exception applies in cases where the limits set forth in the investment restrictions would otherwise be exceeded by exercising rights or would have already been exceeded as a result of fluctuations in the market value of a Fund’s portfolio securities with the result that a Fund would be forced either to sell securities at a time when it might not otherwise have done so, or to forego exercising the rights.

 

Non-Fundamental Investment Restrictions of the Worldwide Fund and International Fund

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing investment restrictions, as a non-fundamental restriction, a Fund may not purchase additional securities while it has outstanding borrowings exceeding 5% of its total assets.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing investment restrictions, as a non-fundamental restriction, a Fund may pledge, mortgage, hypothecate, or otherwise encumber any of its assets to secure borrowings; provided that such amount shall not exceed one-third of each Fund’s total assets.  This restriction shall not prohibit the Funds from engaging in options, futures, and non-U.S. currency transactions.

 

20



 

PERFORMANCE

 

Portfolio Turnover .  Purchases and sales of portfolio securities may be made as considered advisable by the Adviser in the best interests of the shareholders.  Each Fund’s portfolio turnover rate may vary from year to year, as well as within a year. A Fund’s distributions of any net short-term capital gains realized from portfolio transactions are taxable to shareholders as ordinary income. In addition, higher portfolio turnover rates can result in corresponding increases in portfolio transaction costs for a Fund. See “Portfolio Transactions and Brokerage” in this SAI.

 

For reporting purposes, a Fund’s portfolio turnover rate is calculated by dividing the lesser of purchases or sales of portfolio securities for the fiscal year by the monthly average of the value of the portfolio securities owned by the Fund during the fiscal year. In determining such portfolio turnover, all securities whose maturities at the time of acquisition were one year or less are excluded. A 100% portfolio turnover rate would occur, for example, if all of the securities in the Fund’s investment portfolio (other than short-term money market securities) were replaced once during the fiscal year. Portfolio turnover will not be a limiting factor should the Adviser deem it advisable to purchase or sell securities. Each Fund’s expected portfolio turnover rate is less than 30% of each Fund’s total assets in the first year of operations.

 

21



 

MANAGEMENT OF THE FUNDS

 

Trustees and Officers

 

The business and affairs of each Fund are managed under the direction of its Board of Trustees (the “Board”).  The Board of Trustees approves all significant agreements between a Fund and the persons or companies that furnish services to a Fund, including agreements with its distributor, investment manager, administrator, custodian and transfer agent.  The day-to-day operations of the Funds are delegated to the Funds’ investment manager and administrator.

 

The name, address, age and principal occupations for the past five years of the Trustees and officers of the Trust are listed below, along with the number of portfolios in the Fund complex overseen by and the other directorships held by each Trustee.  Certain of the Trustees and officers are also directors and officers of one or more other investment companies for which the Adviser acts as investment manager.

 

Independent Trustees (1)

 

Name, Age and Address

 

Position(s)
Held with
the Trust

 

Term of
Office(2) and
Length of
Time Served

 

Principal
Occupation(s) During
Past 5 Years

 

Number of
Portfolios
in the Fund
Complex
Overseen
by Trustee

 

Other Directorships / 
Trusteeships Held by
Trustee

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Adele R. Wailand

 

born February 1949

 

645 Madison Avenue

New York, New York

10022

 

Trustee and Chair of the Board of Trustees

 

since August 2008

 

Vice President, General Counsel & Corporate Secretary, Case, Pomeroy & Company, Inc.

 

2

 

Director of various wholly owned subsidiaries of Case, Pomeroy & Company, Inc.

 

Director, Shaker Museum & Library (not-for-profit)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Manu Bammi

born August 1962

645 Madison Avenue

New York, New York

10022

 

Trustee

 

since August 2008

 

Founder & CEO Smart Analyst, Inc.

 

2

 

None.

 

 


(1) Trustees who are not “interested persons” of the Trust as defined in the 1940 Act.

(2) Each Trustee serves until resignation or removal from the Board of Trustees.  

 

Interested Trustee

 

Name, Age and Address

 

Position(s)
Held with
the Trust

 

Term of
Office(1) and
Length of
Time Served

 

Principal
Occupation(s) During
Past 5 Years

 

Number of
Portfolios
in the Fund
Complex
Overseen
by Trustee

 

Other Directorships /
Trusteeships Held by
Trustee

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Michael W. Malafronte

 

born June 1974

 

645 Madison Avenue

New York, New York 10022

 

President and Trustee

 

since August 2008

 

CEO and Research Analyst, International Value Advisers, LLC (2007-present); Senior Research Analyst, Arnhold and S. Bleichroeder Advisers, LLC (2005-2007); Portfolio Manager, Oppenheimer & Close (prior to 2005)

 

2

 

Director, Bresler & Reiner Inc.

 

 


(1) Each Trustee serves until resignation or removal from the Board of Trustees.  

 

22



 

Officers

 

Name, Age and Address

 

Position(s)
Held with
the Trust

 

Term of
Office and
Length of
Time
Served(1)

 

Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years

 

Shanda Scibilia

 

born August 1971

 

645 Madison Avenue
New York, New York
10022

 

Chief Compliance

Officer and Secretary

 

since August 2008

 

Chief Operating Officer, International Value Advisers, LLC (February 2008-present); acting Chief Operating Officer and head of compliance, Oppenheimer & Close (prior to February 2008)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Stefanie J. Hempstead

 

born July 1973

 

645 Madison Avenue

New York, New York

10022

 

Treasurer

 

since August 2008

 

Chief Financial Officer, International Value Advisers, LLC (March 2008-present); Senior Vice President, Arnhold and S. Bleichroeder Advisers, LLC (prior to March 2008); Vice President, ASB Securities LLC (prior to March 2008); Vice President and Treasurer, First Eagle Funds and First Eagle Variable Funds (prior to March 2008)

 

 


(1) The term of office of each officer is indefinite. Length of time served represents time served as an officer of the Trust, although various positions may have been held during the period.

 

The Trust has an Audit Committee and a Nominating and Governance Committee.  The members of both the Audit Committee and the Nominating and Governance Committee consist of all the Independent Trustees of each Fund, namely Manu Bammi and Adele R. Wailand. Because the Funds have not yet commenced operations, the committees did not meet during the last fiscal year.  

 

In accordance with its written charter, the Audit Committee’s primary purposes are to assist the Board in fulfilling its responsibility for oversight of the integrity of the accounting, auditing and financial reporting practices of the Funds, the qualifications and independence of the Funds’ independent registered public accounting firm, and the Funds’ compliance with legal and regulatory requirements.  The Audit Committee reviews the scope of the Funds’ audits, the Funds’ accounting and financial reporting policies and practices and its internal controls.  The Audit Committee approves, and recommends to the Independent Trustees of the Funds for their ratification, the selection, appointment, retention or termination of the Funds’ independent registered public accounting firm and approves the compensation of the independent registered public accounting firm.  The Audit Committee also approves all audit and permissible non-audit services provided to the Funds by the independent registered public accounting firm and all permissible non-audit services provided by the Funds’ independent registered public accounting firm to the Adviser and any affiliated service providers if the engagement relates directly to the Funds’ operations and financial reporting.

 

The Nominating and Governance Committee will accept nominees recommended by a shareholder as it deems appropriate.  Stockholders who wish to recommend a nominee should send recommendations to the Fund’s Secretary that include all information relating to such person that is required to be disclosed in solicitations of proxies for the election of Trustees.  A recommendation must be accompanied by a written consent of the individual to stand for election if nominated by the Board of Trustees and to serve if elected by the stockholders.  The Nominating and Governance Committee will consider nominees recommended by each Fund’s shareholders when a vacancy becomes available.  

 

Because the Trust is newly organized, the Trust has not yet paid any compensation to its Trustees.  The following table illustrates amounts estimated to be paid for the Funds’ initial fiscal year.  The Funds do not pay retirement benefits to its Trustees and officers.  Officers and interested Trustees of the Funds are not compensated by the Funds.

 

23



 

Name of Person,
Position

 

Aggregate Compensation
From Trust

 

Pension or Retirement
Benefits Accrued as Part of
Fund Expenses

 

Estimated
Annual
Benefits Upon
Retirement

 

Total Compensation
From Fund Complex Paid
to Trustee

 

Manu Bammi,
Trustee*

 

$15,000

 

None

 

None

 

$15,000

 

Adele R. Wailand, Trustee*

 

$25,000

 

None

 

None

 

$25,000

 

 


* Designates member of Audit Committee.

 

The amounts in the preceding table are based on estimates for the Fund’s initial fiscal year, which is expected to commence on or about October 1, 2008 and end on September 30, 2009.  

 

No officer, trustee or employee of the Adviser or any of its affiliates receives any compensation from the Funds for serving as an officer or Trustee of the Funds.  The Trust pays each Trustee who is not an interested person, as defined by the 1940 Act, of the Adviser or any of its affiliates, a fee of $15,000 per annum.  The Chair of the Trust receives an additional annual fee of $10,000. All Trustees are reimbursed for travel and out-of-pocket expenses incurred to attend such meetings.  

 

As of September 1, Trustees and officers of each Fund, individually and as a group, owned less than 1% of the outstanding shares of their respective Funds.  

 

**************

 

As of the date of this SAI, to the knowledge of the Funds and the Board of Trustees, no single shareholder or group (as the term is used in Section 13(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) beneficially owned of record more than 5% of the outstanding shares of the Funds with the exception of the following:

 

Fund

 

Name and Address on
Account

 

% of Shares

 

IVA Worldwide Fund

 

Charles de Vaulx

645 Madison Avenue, 12th Floor
New York. New York 10022

 

100%

%

IVA International Fund

 

Charles de Vaulx

645 Madison Avenue, 12th Floor
New York. New York 10022

 

100%

%

 

As of the date of this SAI, Charles de Vaulx owned 100% of the outstanding shares of beneficial interest of each Fund. Charles de Vaulx may be deemed to control a Fund until such time as he owns less than 25% of the outstanding shares of that Fund.

 

24



 

INVESTMENT ADVISORY AND OTHER SERVICES

 

The Adviser

 

International Value Advisers, LLC is the investment manager of the Funds (“IVA” or the “Adviser”). The Adviser was organized as a Delaware limited liability company in 2007. Its primary place of business is at 645 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10022. The Adviser’s primary business is to provide a variety of investment management services to investment vehicles.  The Adviser is responsible for all business activities and oversight of the investment decisions made for the Funds. As of September 2, 2008, IVA’s assets under management total in excess of $555 million.

 

IVA serves as adviser to each Fund pursuant to investment advisory agreements dated as of August 21, 2008.  The investment advisory agreement between the Adviser and each respective Fund provides that the Adviser shall manage the operations of each Fund, subject to policies established by the Board of Trustees.  Pursuant to the applicable investment advisory agreement, the Adviser manages each Fund’s investment portfolio, directs purchases and sales of portfolio securities and reports thereon to a Fund’s officers and Trustees regularly.  The Adviser also provides the office space, facilities, equipment and personnel necessary to perform the following services for each Fund: SEC compliance, including record keeping, reporting requirements and registration statements and proxies; supervision of Fund operations, including custodian, accountants and counsel and other parties performing services or operational functions for each Fund; certain administrative and clerical services, including certain accounting services, facilitation of redemption requests, exchange privileges, account adjustments, development of new shareholder services and maintenance of certain books and records; and certain services related to each Fund’s shareholders, including assuring that investments and redemptions are completed efficiently, responding to shareholder inquiries and maintaining a flow of information to shareholders. In addition, the Adviser pays the compensation of each Fund’s officers, employees and Trustees affiliated with the Adviser.  Each Fund bears all other costs of its operations, including the compensation of its Trustees not affiliated with the Adviser.

 

As compensation for its services, the Worldwide Fund pays the Adviser a monthly fee at an annual rate of 0.90% of the Fund’s average daily net assets and the International Fund pays the Adviser a monthly fee at an annual rate of 0.90% of the Fund’s average daily net assets.  

 

Under the terms of the investment advisory agreement between each Fund and the Adviser, neither the Adviser nor its affiliates shall be liable for losses or damages incurred by a Fund, unless such losses or damages are attributable to the willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence on the part of either the Adviser or its affiliates or from reckless disregard by it of its obligations and duties under the management contract (“disabling conduct”).  In addition, the Funds will indemnify the Adviser and its affiliates and hold each of them harmless against any losses or damages not resulting from disabling conduct.

 

The Funds, the Adviser, and the Funds’ distributor each have adopted a code of ethics under Rule 17j-1 of the 1940 Act. These codes of ethics permit the personnel of these entities to invest in securities, including securities that the Funds may purchase or hold. The codes of ethics are on public file with, and are available from, the SEC.

 

Portfolio Managers

 

The following tables set forth certain additional information with respect to the portfolio managers for each of the Funds. Unless noted otherwise, all information is provided as of September 2, 2008.  

 

Other Accounts Managed by the Portfolio Managers

 

The table below identifies, for each portfolio manager, the number of accounts (other than the Funds with respect to which information is provided) for which he or she has day-to-day management responsibilities and the total assets in such accounts, within each of the following categories: registered investment companies, other pooled investment vehicles, and other accounts.

 

 

 

Registered investment

 

Other pooled investment*

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

companies managed

 

vehicles managed

 

Separate accounts managed

 

 

 

Number of

 

 

 

Number of

 

 

 

Number of

 

 

 

Name of Portfolio Manager

 

Accounts

 

Total assets

 

accounts

 

Total assets

 

accounts

 

Total assets

 

Charles de Lardemelle

 

0

 

$

0

 

2

 

$

380 million

 

2

 

$

175 million

 

Charles de Vaulx

 

0

 

$

0

 

2

 

$

380 million

 

2

 

$

175 million

 

 

25



 

 

 

Registered investment companies

 

Other pooled investment vehicles

 

Separate accounts managed

 

 

 

managed for which Adviser receives a

 

managed for which Adviser

 

for which Adviser receives a

 

 

 

performance-based fee

 

receives a performance-based fee*

 

performance-based fee

 

 

 

Number of

 

 

 

Number of

 

 

 

Number of

 

 

 

Name of Portfolio Manager

 

accounts

 

Total assets

 

accounts

 

Total assets

 

accounts

 

Total assets

 

Charles de Lardemelle

 

0

 

$

0

 

1

 

$

218 million

 

0

 

$

0

 

Charles de Vaulx

 

0

 

$

0

 

1

 

$

218 million

 

0

 

$

0

 

 


*The Adviser manages two private funds.  One of the two private funds has a feeder (with assets of $218 million) that charges a performance fee and two feeders that do not charge a performance fee (with assets of $42 million).  The other private fund (with assets of $120 million) does not charge a performance fee.

 

Portfolio Manager Compensation

 

Because each portfolio manager manages other accounts, including accounts that pay higher fees or accounts that pay performance-based fees, potential conflicts of interest exist, including potential conflicts between the investment strategy of a Fund and the investment strategy of the other accounts managed by the portfolio manager and potential conflicts in the allocation of investment opportunities between a Fund and the other accounts.

 

Each portfolio manager is a member (partner) of the Adviser.  As of September 2, 2008, the compensation of each portfolio manager consisted of a partnership interest in the Adviser’s profits.  The compensation program does not disproportionately reward outperformance by higher fee/performance fee products.  An Adviser membership interest is the primary incentive for persons to maintain employment with the Adviser.  The Adviser believes this is the best incentive to maintain stability of portfolio management personnel.

 

Potential Conflicts of Interest

 

Potential conflicts of interest may arise when a Fund’s portfolio manager has day-to-day management responsibilities with respect to one or more other funds or other accounts, as is the case for certain of the portfolio managers listed in the table above.

 

The Adviser and the Funds have adopted compliance polices and procedures that are designed to avoid, mitigate, monitor and oversee areas that could present potential conflicts of interest.  The adviser attempts to address these potential conflicts of interest through various compliance policies that are generally intended to place all accounts, regardless of fee structure, on the same footing for investment management purposes. For example, the Adviser seeks to minimize the effects of competing interests for the time and attention of portfolio managers by assigning portfolio managers to manage funds and accounts that share a similar investment style. The Adviser has also adopted trade allocation procedures that are designed to facilitate the fair allocation of limited investment opportunities among multiple funds and accounts. The Adviser’s trade allocation policies generally provide that each day’s transactions in securities that are purchased or sold by multiple accounts are, insofar as possible, averaged as to price and allocated between such accounts (including the Funds) in a manner which in the Adviser’s opinion is equitable to each account and in accordance with the amount being purchased or sold by each account. Certain exceptions exist for specialty, regional or sector accounts. Trade allocations are reviewed on a periodic basis as part of the Adviser’s trade oversight procedures in an attempt to ensure fairness over time across accounts and to monitor whether any account is systematically favored over time.  There is no guarantee, however, that the policies and procedures adopted by the Adviser and the Funds will be able to detect and/or prevent every situation in which an actual or potential conflict may appear.

 

These potential conflicts include:

 

Allocation of Limited Time and Attention.   A portfolio manager who is responsible for managing multiple funds and/or accounts may devote unequal time and attention to the management of those funds and/or accounts.  As a result, the portfolio manager may not be able to formulate as complete a strategy or identify equally attractive investment opportunities for each of those accounts as might be the case if he or she were to devote substantially more attention to the management of a single fund.  The effects of this potential conflict may be more pronounced where funds and/or accounts overseen by a particular portfolio manager have different investment strategies.

 

Allocation of Limited Investment Opportunities.   If a portfolio manager identifies a limited investment opportunity that may be suitable for multiple funds and/or accounts, the opportunity may be allocated among these several funds or accounts, which may limit a fund’s ability to take full advantage of the investment opportunity.

 

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Pursuit of Differing Strategies.   At times, a portfolio manager may determine that an investment opportunity may be appropriate for only some of the funds and/or accounts for which he or she exercises investment responsibility, or may decide that certain of the funds and/or accounts should take differing positions with respect to a particular security.  In these cases, the portfolio manager may place separate transactions for one or more funds or accounts which may affect the market price of the security or the execution of the transaction, or both, to the detriment or benefit of one or more other funds and/or accounts.

 

Selection of Brokers/Dealers.   Portfolio managers may be able to select or influence the selection of the brokers and dealers that are used to execute securities transactions for the funds and/or accounts that they supervise.  In addition to executing trades, some brokers and dealers provide portfolio managers with brokerage and research services (as those terms are defined in Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934), which may result in the payment of higher brokerage fees than might have otherwise been available.  These services may be more beneficial to certain funds or accounts than to others. Although the payment of brokerage commissions is subject to the requirement that the portfolio manager determine in good faith that the commissions are reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research services provided to the fund, a portfolio manager’s decision as to the selection of brokers and dealers could yield disproportionate costs and benefits among the funds and/or accounts that he or she manages.

 

Variation in Compensation.   A conflict of interest may arise where the financial or other benefits available to the portfolio manager differ among the funds and/or accounts that he or she manages.  If the structure of the Adviser’s management fee and/or the portfolio manager’s compensation differs among funds and/or accounts (such as where certain funds or accounts pay higher management fees or performance-based management fees), the portfolio manager might be motivated to help certain funds and/or accounts over others.  The portfolio manager might be motivated to favor funds and/or accounts in which he or she has an interest or in which the Adviser and/or its affiliates have interests.  Similarly, the desire to maintain or raise assets under management or to enhance the portfolio manager’s performance record or to derive other rewards, financial or otherwise, could influence the portfolio manager to lend preferential treatment to those funds and/or accounts that could most significantly benefit the portfolio manager.

 

Related Business Opportunities.  The Adviser or its affiliates may provide more services (such as distribution or recordkeeping) for some types of funds or accounts than for others.  In such cases, a portfolio manager may benefit, either directly or indirectly, by devoting disproportionate attention to the management of funds and/or accounts that provide greater overall returns to the Adviser and its affiliates.

 

Portfolio Manager Securities Ownership

 

The table below identifies ownership of Fund securities by each Portfolio Manager.

 

FUND

 

PORTFOLIO
MANAGER(S)

 

DOLLAR RANGE OF
OWNERSHIP OF
SECURITIES

 

IVA Worldwide Fund

 

Charles de Lardemelle

 

none

 

 

 

Charles de Vaulx

 

$100,001-$500,000

 

IVA International Fund

 

Charles de Lardemelle

 

none

 

 

 

Charles de Vaulx

 

$1-$10,000

 

 

27



 

PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES

 

Although individual Board members may not agree with particular policies or votes by the Adviser, the Board has approved delegating proxy voting discretion to the Adviser believing that the Adviser should be responsible for voting because it is a matter relating to the investment decision making process.

 

Attached as Appendix A is the summary of the guidelines and procedures that the Adviser uses to determine how to vote proxies relating to portfolio securities, including the procedures that the Adviser uses when a vote presents a conflict between the interests of Fund shareholders, on the one hand, and those of the Adviser or any affiliated person of the Fund or the Adviser, on the other.  This summary of the guidelines gives a general indication as to how the Adviser will vote proxies relating to portfolio securities on each issue listed.  However, the guidelines do not address all potential voting issues or the intricacies that may surround individual proxy votes.  For that reason, there may be instances in which votes may vary from the guidelines presented.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Adviser always endeavors to vote proxies relating to portfolio securities in accordance with the Fund’s investment objectives.  When applicable, information on how the Fund voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the most recent prior 12-month period as of June 30 will be available without charge, (1) upon request, by calling (866) 941-4482, and (2) on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.  

 

SECURITIES RATINGS

 

The rating of a rating service represents the service’s opinion as to the credit quality of the security being rated.  However, the ratings are general and are not absolute standards of quality or guarantees as to the creditworthiness of an issuer.  Consequently, the Funds’ investment adviser believes that the quality of debt securities in which a Fund invests should be continuously reviewed.  A rating is not a recommendation to purchase, sell or hold a security, because it does not take into account market value or suitability for a particular investor.  When a security has received a rating from more than one service, each rating should be evaluated independently.  Ratings are based on current information furnished by the issuer or obtained by the ratings services from other sources which they consider reliable.  Ratings may be changed, suspended or withdrawn as a result of changes in or unavailability of such information, or for other reasons.

 

The following is a description of the characteristics of ratings used by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”) and Standard & Poor’s Corporation (“S&P”).

 

Moody’s Ratings

 

Aaa —Bonds rated Aaa are judged to be the best quality.  They carry the smallest degree of investment risk and are generally referred to as “giltedge.”  Interest payments are protected by a large or by an exceptionally stable margin and principal is secure.  Although the various protective elements are likely to change, such changes as can be visualized are most unlikely to impair the fundamentally strong position of such bonds.

 

Aa —Bonds rated Aa are judged to be high quality by all standards.  Together with the Aaa group they comprise what are generally known as high grade bonds.  They are rated lower than the best bonds because margins of protection may not be as large as in Aaa bonds or fluctuation of protective elements may be of greater amplitude or there may be other elements present which make the long-term risk appear somewhat larger than in Aaa bonds.

 

A —Bonds rated A possess many favorable investment attributes and are to be considered as upper medium grade obligations.  Factors giving security to principal and interest are considered adequate but elements may be present which suggest a susceptibility to impairment sometime in the future.

 

Baa —Bonds rated Baa are considered as medium grade obligations, i.e., they are neither highly protected nor poorly secured.  Interest payments and principal security appear adequate for the present but certain protective elements may be lacking or may be characteristically unreliable over any great length of time.  Such bonds lack outstanding investment characteristics and in fact have speculative characteristics as well.

 

Ba —Bonds rated Ba are judged to have speculative elements; their future cannot be considered as well assured.  Often the protection of interest and principal payments may be very moderate and thereby not well safeguarded during both good and bad times over the future.  Uncertainty of position characterizes bonds in this class.

 

B —Bonds rated B generally lack characteristics of the desirable investment.  Assurance of interest and principal payments or of maintenance of other terms of the contract over any long period of time may be small.

 

Caa —Bonds rated Caa are of poor standing.  Such bonds may be in default or there may be present elements of danger with respect to principal or interest.

 

Ca —Bonds rated Ca represent obligations which are speculative in a high degree.  Such bonds are often in default or have other marked shortcomings.

 

S&P Ratings

 

AAA —Bonds rated AAA have the highest rating.  Capacity to pay principal and interest is extremely strong.

 

AA —Bonds rated AA have a very strong capacity to pay principal and interest and differ from AAA bonds only in small degree.

 

28



 

A —Bonds rated A have a strong capacity to pay principal and interest, although they are somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than bonds in higher rated categories.

 

BBB —Bonds rated BBB are regarded as having an adequate capacity to pay principal and interest.  Whereas they normally exhibit protection parameters, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity to pay principal and interest for bonds in this capacity than for bonds in higher rated categories.

 

BB—B—CCC—CC—Bonds A-1—A-rated BB, B, CCC and CC are regarded, on balance, as predominantly speculative with respect to the issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal in accordance with the terms of the obligation.

 

BB indicates the lowest degree of speculation among such bonds and CC the highest degree of speculation.  Although such bonds will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these are outweighed by large uncertainties or major risk exposures to adverse conditions.

 

29



 

DISTRIBUTOR

 

Shares of the Funds are offered on a continuous basis through Foreside Distribution Services, L.P., located at 10 High Street, Suite 302, Boston, MA 02110, (the “Distributor”), as distributor pursuant to a distribution agreement (the “Distribution Agreement”) between the Distributor and the Funds.  

 

Rule 12b-1 Plans

 

As described in the Prospectus, the Funds have adopted Rule 12b-1 plans (“Plans”) for their Class A and Class C shares. The Plans, among other things, permit the Class A and Class C share classes to pay the Distributor quarterly fees, other than in exceptional cases, at annual rates not exceeding 0.25% and 1.00%, respectively, of the assets of the Class A and Class C share classes as compensation for its services as principal underwriter of the shares of such classes. Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act, each Plan (together with the Distribution Agreement) was approved by the Funds’ Board of Trustees, including a majority of the Trustees who are not interested persons of the Funds (as defined in the 1940 Act) and who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operations of the Plan or the Distribution Agreement. The principal types of activities for which payments under these Plans may be made include payments to intermediaries for shareholder servicing, for “no transaction fee” or wrap programs, and for retirement plan record keeping. Payments under these Plans also may be made for activities such as advertising, printing and mailing the Prospectuses to persons who are not current shareholders, compensation to underwriters, compensation to broker-dealers, compensation to sales personnel, and interest, carrying or other financing charges.  The Trust believes that the plans may benefit the Trust by increasing net sales of the Funds (or reducing net redemptions), potentially allowing the Funds to benefit from economies of scale.

 

Each Plan may be terminated by vote of a majority of the Independent Trustees, or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the relevant class of shares of the relevant Fund. Each Plan may be amended by vote of the relevant Trustees, including a majority of the relevant independent Trustees, cast in person at a meeting called for that purpose. Any change in any Plan that would materially increase the fees payable thereunder by the relevant class of shares of the relevant Fund requires approval by a vote of the holders of a majority of such shares outstanding. The Funds’ Trustees review quarterly a written report of such costs and the purposes for which such costs have been incurred.

 

The Plans will continue in effect for successive one-year periods, provided that each such continuance is specifically approved (i) by the vote of a majority of the Independent Trustees and (ii) by the vote of a majority of the entire Board of Trustees cast in person at a meeting called for that purpose or by a vote of a majority of the outstanding securities of the relevant class.

 

30



 

REVENUE SHARING

 

The Distributor, the Adviser or an affiliate may, from time to time, out of its (or their) own resources, make substantial cash payments—sometimes referred to as “revenue sharing” — to broker dealers or financial intermediaries for various reasons in addition to any Rule 12b-1 payments described elsewhere in this Statement of Additional Information.  These payments may support the delivery of services to the Funds or to shareholders in the Funds, including, without limitation, transaction processing and sub-accounting services. The recipients of such payments may include the Distributor, other affiliates of the manager, and broker-dealers, financial institutions, plan sponsors and administrators and other financial intermediaries through which investors may purchase shares of a Fund. In some circumstances, such payments may create an incentive for an intermediary or its employees or associated persons to recommend or sell shares of a Fund to you, rather than shares of another mutual fund. Please contact your financial intermediary or plan administrator or sponsor for details about revenue sharing payments it may receive.

 

Revenue sharing payments may include any portion of sub-transfer agency fees that exceed the costs of similar services provided by the Funds’ transfer agent, Boston Financial Data Services, Inc.  Such excess sub-transfer agency payments are paid by the Distributor, the Adviser or an affiliate out of its or their own resources.  Because payments will vary according to a number of factors (including, for example, numbers of shareholder accounts serviced), the firms receiving the largest such excess payments from these parties can be expected to change in order and composition from time to time.  

 

31



 

COMPUTATION OF NET ASSET VALUE

 

As described in the Prospectus under the heading “How Fund Share Prices are Calculated”, the net asset value per share (“NAV”) of a Fund’s shares of a particular class is determined by dividing the total value of a Fund’s portfolio investments and other assets attributable to that class, less any liabilities, by the total number of shares outstanding of that class. The Prospectus further notes that Fund shares are valued on each day that the New York Stock Exchange is open (a “Business Day”), and describes the time (the “Valuation Time”) as of which Fund shares are valued each Business Day. The Trust expects that the holidays upon which the New York Stock Exchange will be closed are as follows: New Year’s Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, President’s Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day.

 

Each Fund’s liabilities are allocated among its classes. The total of such liabilities allocated to a class plus that class’s distribution and/or servicing fees and any other expenses specially allocated to that class are then deducted from the class’s proportionate interest in the Fund’s assets, and the resulting amount for each class is divided by the number of shares of that class outstanding to produce the class’s NAV. Under certain circumstances, NAV of classes of shares of the Funds with higher service and/or distribution fees may be lower than NAV of the classes of shares with lower or no service and/or distribution fees as a result of the relative daily expense accruals that result from paying different service and/or distribution fees. Generally, for Funds that pay income dividends, those dividends are expected to differ over time by approximately the amount of the expense accrual differential between a particular Fund’s classes. In accordance with regulations governing registered investment companies, a Fund’s transactions in portfolio securities and purchases and sales of Fund shares (which bear upon the number of Fund shares outstanding) are generally not reflected in NAV determined for the Business Day on which the transactions are effected (the trade date), but rather on the following Business Day.

 

The Board of Trustees of the Trust has delegated primary responsibility for determining or causing to be determined the value of the Funds’ portfolio securities and other assets (including any fair value pricing) and NAV of the Funds’ shares to State Street Bank and Trust Company, in its capacity as administrator (the “Administrator”), pursuant to valuation policies and procedures approved by the Board (the “Valuation Procedures”). The Administrator has, in turn, delegated various of these responsibilities to State Street Bank and Trust Company, as the Funds’ custodian, and other agents. The Trustees have established a Valuation Committee of the Board to which they have delegated responsibility for overseeing the implementation of the Valuation Procedures and fair value determinations made on behalf of the Board. As described in the Prospectus, for purposes of calculating NAV, the Funds’ investments for which market quotations are readily available are valued at market value. The following summarizes the methods used by the Funds to determine market values for the noted types of securities or instruments (although other appropriate market-based methods may be used at any time or from time to time):

 

Equity securities are generally valued at the official closing price or the last sale price on the exchange or over-the-counter market that is the primary market for such securities. If no sales or closing prices are reported during the day, equity securities are generally valued at the mean of the last available bid and asked quotations on the exchange or market on which the security is primarily traded, or using other market information obtained from a quotation reporting system, established market makers, or pricing services. If there is only a bid or only an asked price on such date, valuation will be at such bid or asked price for long or short positions, respectively.

 

Precious metals are valued at the spot price at the time trading on the New York Stock Exchange closes (normally 4:00 p.m. E.S.T.).

 

Debt securities (except for short-term investments as described below) for which market quotations are readily available are valued at the mean between the last bid and asked prices received from dealers in the over-the-counter market in the United States or abroad, except that when no asked price is available, debt securities are valued at the last bid price alone.  Short-term investments having a maturity of 60 days or less are generally valued at amortized cost.

 

Forward currency contracts are valued at the current cost of offsetting such contracts.  Futures contracts are generally valued at the settlement price determined by the exchange on which the instrument is primarily traded or, if there were no trades that day for a particular instrument, at the mean of the last available bid and asked quotations on the market in which the instrument is primarily traded.

 

Exchange-traded options are generally valued at the mean of the bid and asked quotations on the exchange at closing. Exchange - traded options may also be valued at its NBBO (national best bid and offer from participant exchanges) reported by the Options Price Reporting Authority.  Over-the-counter options not traded on an exchange are valued at the mean of the

 

32



 

bid and asked quotations.  If there is only a bid or only an asked price on such date, valuation will be at such bid or asked price for long or short options, respectively.

 

Swap agreements are generally valued using a broker-dealer bid quotation or on market-based prices provided by approved pricing sources.

 

Portfolio securities and other assets initially valued in currencies other than the U.S. Dollar are converted to U.S. Dollars using exchange rates obtained from pricing services.  The value of any investment that is listed or traded on more than one exchange is based on the exchange or market determined by the Adviser to be the primary trading venue for that investment.  A quotation from the exchange or market deemed by the Adviser to be the secondary trading venue for a particular investment may be relied upon in instances where a quotation is not available on the primary exchange or market.

 

As described in the Prospectus, if market quotations are not readily available (including in cases where available market quotations are deemed to be unreliable), the Funds’ investments will be valued as determined in good faith pursuant to the Valuation Procedures (so-called “fair value pricing”). Fair value pricing may require subjective determinations about the value of a security or other asset, and fair values used to determine a Fund’s NAV may differ from quoted or published prices, or from prices that are used by others, for the same investments. Also, the use of fair value pricing may not always result in adjustments to the prices of securities or other assets held by a Fund. The Prospectus provides additional information regarding the circumstances in which fair value pricing may be used and related information.

 

33



 

DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS

 

The Board of Trustees has adopted, on behalf of the Funds, policies and procedures relating to disclosure of a Fund’s portfolio securities. These policies and procedures are designed to protect the confidentiality of each Fund’s portfolio holdings information and to prevent the selective disclosure of such information. These policies and procedures may be modified at any time with the approval of the Board of Trustees.

 

Each Fund may disclose portfolio holdings information as required by applicable law or as requested by governmental authorities. Portfolio holdings of each Fund will also be disclosed on a quarterly basis on forms required to be filed with the SEC as follows: portfolio holdings as of the end of each Fund’s second and fourth fiscal quarters will be filed as part of the annual or semi-annual report filed on Form N-CSR, and portfolio holdings as of the end of each Fund’s first and third fiscal quarters will be filed on Form N-   Q.  The Trust’s Form N-CSRs and Form N-Qs will be available on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.

 

Disclosure of a Fund’s portfolio holdings information that is not publicly available (“Confidential Portfolio Information”) is periodically made to the Adviser (International Value Advisers, LLC) and to the Funds’ custodian (State Street Bank and Trust Company) and sub-custodians, transfer agent  (State Street Bank and Trust Company), administrator, principal underwriter (Foreside Distribution Services, L.P.), financial printers (Merrill Corporation), pricing services, proxy voting services, independent registered public accounting firm, and counsel (Ropes & Gray LLP) that require access to such information in order to fulfill their contractual duties with respect to the Fund (“Financial Service Providers”) and to facilitate the review of a Fund by certain mutual fund analysts and ratings agencies (such as Morningstar and Lipper Analytical Services) (“Rating Agencies”); provided that such disclosure is limited to the information that the Fund believes is reasonably necessary in connection with the services to be provided. Except to the extent permitted under the Funds’ portfolio holdings disclosure policies and procedures, Confidential Portfolio Information may not be disseminated for compensation or other consideration.  Financial Service Providers and Rating Agencies must sign a non-disclosure agreement unless otherwise approved by the Chief Compliance Officer of the Funds, are required to keep such information confidential, and are prohibited from trading based on the information or otherwise using the information except as necessary in providing services to the Funds.

 

Before any disclosure of Confidential Portfolio Information to Financial Service Providers or Rating Agencies is permitted, the Adviser’s Chief Compliance Officer (or persons designated by the Adviser’s Chief Compliance Officer) must determine that, under the circumstances, the disclosure is being made for a legitimate business purpose. Furthermore, the recipient of Confidential Portfolio Information by a Financial Service Provider or Rating Agency must be subject to a written confidentiality agreement that prohibits any trading upon the Confidential Portfolio Information or the recipient must be subject to professional or ethical obligations not to disclose or otherwise improperly use the information, such as would apply to independent registered public accounting firms or legal counsel.

 

Exceptions to these procedures may only be made if an officer of the Funds or the Chief Compliance Officer of the Adviser determine that the disclosure is being made for a legitimate business purpose, and must be reported to the Board of Trustees on a quarterly basis.  In addition, the Funds have policies in place to regulate the Board’s oversight of the disclosure of portfolio holdings.   

 

The Adviser shall have primary responsibility for ensuring that a Fund’s portfolio holdings information is only disclosed in accordance with these policies. As part of this responsibility, the Adviser will maintain such internal policies and procedures as it believes are reasonably necessary for preventing the unauthorized disclosure of Confidential Portfolio Information.

 

Other registered investment companies that are advised or sub-advised by the Adviser may be subject to different portfolio holdings disclosure policies, and neither the Adviser nor the Board of Trustees of the Trust exercises control over such policies or disclosure. In addition, separate account clients of the Adviser have access to their portfolio holdings and are not subject to the Funds’ portfolio holdings disclosure policies. Some of the funds that are advised or sub-advised by the Adviser and some of the separate accounts managed by the Adviser may have investment objectives and strategies that are substantially similar or identical to the Funds’, and therefore potentially substantially similar, and in certain cases nearly identical, portfolio holdings, as the Funds.

 

34



 

PURCHASE, REDEMPTION AND EXCHANGE OF SHARES

 

The methods of buying and selling shares and the sales charges applicable to purchases of shares of a Fund are described in the Funds’ Prospectus.  As stated in the Prospectus, shares of each Fund may be purchased at net asset value by various persons associated with the Trust, the Adviser, certain firms providing services to the Trust or affiliates thereof for the purpose of promoting good will with employees and others with whom the Trust has business relationships, as well as in other special circumstances.  Shares are offered to other persons at net asset value in circumstances where there are economies of selling efforts and sales related expenses with respect to offers to certain investors.

 

35



 

TAX STATUS

 

Taxation of the Funds: In General

 

The following discussion of the U.S. federal income tax consequences of investment in a Fund is based on the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (“the Code”), U.S. Treasury regulations, and other applicable authority, as of the date of this SAI.  These authorities are subject to change by legislative or administrative action, possibly with retroactive effect.  The following discussion is only a summary of some of the important U.S. federal tax considerations generally applicable to investments in a Fund.  There may be other tax considerations applicable to particular shareholders.  Shareholders should consult their own tax advisors regarding their particular situation and the possible application of foreign, state and local tax laws.

 

Each Fund intends to elect to be treated and to qualify each year as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Code.  In order to qualify for the special tax treatment accorded regulated investment companies and their shareholders, each Fund must, among other things:

 

(a) derive at least 90% of its gross income for each taxable year from (i) dividends, interest, payments with respect to certain securities loans, and gains from the sale or other disposition of stock, securities or foreign currencies, or other income (including but not limited to gains from options, futures, or forward contracts) derived with respect to its business of investing in such stock, securities, or currencies and (ii) net income derived from interests in “qualified publicly traded partnerships” (as defined below);

 

(b) diversify its holdings so that, at the end of the quarter of each Fund’s taxable year, (i) at least 50% of the market value of each Fund’s total assets consists of cash and cash items, U.S. government securities, securities of other regulated investment companies, and other securities limited in respect of any one issuer to a value not greater than 5% of the value of the Fund’s total assets and not more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer, and (ii) not more than 25% of the value of the Fund’s total assets is invested (x) in the securities (other than those of the U.S. government or other regulated investment companies) of any one issuer or of two or more issuers that the Fund controls and that are engaged in the same, similar, or related trades or businesses, or (y) in the securities of one or more qualified publicly traded partnerships (as defined below); and

 

(c) distribute with respect to each taxable year at least 90% of the sum of its investment company taxable income (as that term is defined in the Code without regard to the deduction for dividends paid—generally taxable ordinary income and the excess, if any, of net short-term capital gains over net long-term capital losses) and net tax-exempt interest income, for such year.

 

For purposes of the 90% gross income requirement described in (a) above, income derived from a partnership will be treated as qualifying income only to the extent such income is attributable to items of income of the partnership which would be qualifying income if realized by the regulated investment company.  However, 100% of the net income derived from an interest in a “qualified publicly traded partnership” will be treated as qualifying income.  A “qualified publicly traded partnership” is defined as a partnership (i) interests in which are traded on an established securities market or readily tradable on a secondary market or the substantial equivalent thereof, (ii) that derives at least 90% of its income from the passive income sources defined in Code section 7704(d), and (iii) that derives less than 90% of its income from the qualifying income described in (a)(i) above.  In addition, although in general the passive loss rules of the Code do not apply to regulated investment companies, such rules do apply to a regulated investment company with respect to items attributable to an interest in a qualified publicly traded partnership.

 

Gains from foreign currencies (including foreign currency options, foreign currency swaps, foreign currency futures and foreign currency forward contracts) currently constitute qualifying income for purposes of the 90% good income test, described in (a) above.  However, the Treasury Department has the authority to issue regulations (possibly with retroactive effect) excluding from the definition of “qualifying income” a fund’s foreign currency gains to the extent that such income is not directly related to the fund’s principal business of investing in stock or securities.

 

For purposes of the diversification requirements described in (b) above, in the case of a Fund’s investment in loan participations, the Fund shall treat both the financial intermediary and the issuer of the underlying loan as an issuer.  Also, for purposes of (b) above, the term “outstanding voting securities of such issuer” will include the equity securities of a qualified publicly traded partnership.

 

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Each Fund may invest in certain assets that do not give rise to good income and do not constitute “securities” for purposes of the regulated investment company qualification tests referred to above.  Each Fund may also invest in other assets, such as various derivative and structured investment products, the status of which as “securities” for the above purposes may not be fully settled.

 

In general, if a Fund qualifies as a regulated investment company that is accorded special tax treatment, that Fund will not be subject to federal income tax on income distributed in a timely manner to its shareholders in the form of dividends (including Capital Gain Dividends, as defined below).

 

By contrast, if a Fund were to fail to qualify as a regulated investment company in any taxable year, that Fund would be subject to tax on its taxable income at corporate rates.  In addition, all distributions from earnings and profits, including any distributions of net tax-exempt income and net long-term capital gains, would be taxable to shareholders as dividend income.  Some portions of such distributions may be eligible for the dividends received deduction in the case of corporate shareholders or may be treated as qualified dividend income to individual shareholders.  Finally, the Fund could be required to recognize unrealized gains, pay substantial taxes and interest and make substantial distributions before requalifying as a regulated investment company.

 

Each Fund intends to distribute at least annually to its shareholders all or substantially all of its investment company taxable income (computed without regard to the dividends-paid deduction) and may distribute its net capital gain.  Investment company taxable income that is retained by the Fund will be subject to tax at regular corporate rates.  If a Fund retains any net capital gain, it will be subject to tax at regular corporate rates on the amount retained.  However, a Fund may designate the retained capital gain amount as undistributed capital gains in a notice to its shareholders who (i) will be required to include in income for federal income tax purposes, as long-term capital gain, their share of such undistributed amount, and (ii) will be entitled to credit their proportionate share of the tax paid by the Fund on such undistributed amount against their federal income tax liabilities, if any, and to claim refunds on a properly-filed U.S. tax return to the extent the credit exceeds such liabilities.  For federal income tax purposes, the tax basis of shares owned by a shareholder of the Fund will be increased by an amount equal under current law to the difference between the amount of undistributed capital gains included in the shareholder’s gross income and the tax deemed paid by the shareholder under clause (ii) of the preceding sentence.

 

In determining its net capital gain for Capital Gain Dividend purposes, a regulated investment company generally must treat any net capital loss or any net long-term capital loss incurred after October 31 as if it had been incurred in the succeeding year.  Treasury regulations permit a regulated investment company, in determining its taxable income, to elect to treat all or part of any net capital loss, any net long-term capital loss or any foreign currency loss incurred after October 31 as if it had been incurred in the succeeding year.

 

If a Fund fails to distribute in a calendar year an amount at least equal to the sum of 98% of its ordinary income for such year and 98% of its capital gain net income for the one-year period ending October 31 of such year, plus any retained amount from the prior year, that Fund will be subject to a nondeductible 4% excise tax on the undistributed amounts.  For these purposes, a Fund will be treated as having distributed any amount on which it has been subject to corporate income tax in the taxable year ending within the calendar year. A dividend paid to shareholders in January of a year generally is deemed to have been paid by a Fund on December 31 of the preceding year, if the dividend was declared and payable to shareholders of record on a date in October, November or December of that preceding year.  Each Fund intends generally to make distributions sufficient to avoid imposition of the 4% excise tax, although there can be no assurance that it will be able to do so.

 

Fund Distributions

 

Except in the case of certain shareholders eligible for preferential tax treatment, e.g. , qualified retirement or pension trusts, shareholders of each Fund generally will be subject to federal income tax on Fund distributions.  Distributions are taxable whether shareholders receive them in cash or reinvest them in additional shares through a dividend reinvestment plan.

 

Distributions are taxable to shareholders even if they are paid from income or gains earned by a Fund before a shareholder’s investment (and thus were included in the price the shareholder paid for his or her shares).  Such distributions are likely to occur in respect of shares purchased at a time when the Fund’s net asset value reflects gains that are either unrealized, or realized but not distributed.  Such realized gains may be required to be distributed even when a Fund’s net asset value also reflects unrealized losses.

 

Distributions by a Fund of investment income generally will be taxable to shareholders as ordinary income.  Taxes on distributions of capital gains are determined by how long the Fund owned the investments that generated them, rather than how long a shareholder has owned his or her shares.  Distributions of net capital gains from the sale of investments that the

 

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Fund owned for more than one year and that are properly designated by the Fund as capital gain dividends (“Capital Gain Dividends”) will be taxable as long-term capital gains.  Distributions from capital gains are generally made after applying any available capital loss carryovers.  Long-term capital gain rates applicable to individuals have been temporarily reduced—in general, to 15% with lower rates applying to taxpayers in the 10% and 15% rate brackets—for taxable years beginning before January 1, 2011.  Distributions of gains from the sale of investments that the Fund owned for one year or less will be taxable as ordinary income.

 

For taxable years beginning before January 1, 2011, distributions of investment income designated by a Fund as derived from “qualified dividend income” will be taxed in the hands of individuals at the rates applicable to long-term capital gain, provided that both the shareholder and the Fund meet certain holding period and other requirements.   Specifically, in order for some portion of the dividends received by a Fund shareholder to be “qualified dividend income,” the Fund must meet certain holding period and other requirements with respect to some portion of the dividend-paying stocks in its portfolio and the shareholder must meet certain holding period and other requirements with respect to the Fund’s shares.  A dividend will not be treated as qualified dividend income (at either the Fund or shareholder level) (1) if the dividend is received with respect to any share of stock held for fewer than 61 days during the 121-day period beginning on the date which is 60 days before the date on which such share becomes ex-dividend with respect to such dividend (or, in the case of certain preferred stock, 91 days during the 181-day period beginning 90 days before such date), (2) to the extent that the recipient is under an obligation (whether pursuant to a short sale or otherwise) to make related payments with respect to positions in substantially similar or related property, (3) if the recipient elects to have the dividend income treated as investment income for purposes of the limitation on deductibility of investment interest, or (4) if the dividend is received from a foreign corporation that is (a) not eligible for the benefits of a comprehensive income tax treaty with the United States (with the exception of dividends paid on stock of such a foreign corporation that is readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States) or (b) treated as a passive foreign investment company.

 

In general, distributions of investment income designated by the Fund as derived from qualified dividend income will be treated as qualified dividend income by a shareholder taxed as an individual, provided the shareholder meets the holding period and other requirements described above with respect to the Fund’s shares.  If the aggregate qualified dividends received by the Fund during any taxable year are 95% or more of its gross income (excluding net long-term capital gain over net short-term capital loss), then 100% of the Fund’s dividends (other than dividends properly designated as Capital Gain Dividends) will be eligible to be treated as qualified dividend income.

 

Dividends of net investment income received by corporate shareholders of each Fund will qualify for the 70% dividends received deduction generally available to corporations to the extent of the amount of qualifying dividends received by the Fund from domestic corporations for the taxable year.  A dividend received by a Fund will not be treated as a qualifying dividend (1) if the stock on which the dividend is paid is considered to be “debt-financed” (generally, acquired with borrowed funds), (2) if it has been received with respect to any share of stock that the Fund has held for less than 46 days during the 91-day period beginning on the date which is 45 days before the date on which such share becomes ex-dividend with respect to such dividend (less than 91 days during the 181-day period beginning 90 days before such date in the case of certain preferred stock) or (3) to the extent that the Fund is under an obligation (pursuant to a short sale or otherwise) to make related payments with respect to positions in substantially similar or related property.  Moreover, the dividends received deduction may be disallowed or reduced (1) if the corporate shareholder fails to satisfy the foregoing requirements with respect to its shares of the Fund or (2) otherwise by application of the Code.

 

A portion of the interest paid or accrued on certain high yield discount obligations owned by a Fund may be treated as a dividend for purposes of the corporate dividends received deduction.  In such cases, if the issuer of the high yield discount obligations is a domestic corporation, dividend payments by the Fund may be eligible for the dividends received deduction to the extent of the deemed dividend portion of such accrued interest.

 

If a Fund makes a distribution to a shareholder in excess of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits in any taxable year, the excess distribution will be treated as a return of capital to the extent of such shareholder’s tax basis in its shares, and thereafter as capital gain.  A return of capital is not taxable, but it reduces a shareholder’s tax basis in its shares, thus reducing any loss or increasing any gain on a subsequent taxable disposition by the shareholder of its shares.

 

Sales, Redemptions, and Exchanges

 

The sale, exchange or redemption of Fund shares may give rise to a gain or loss.  In general, any gain or loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the shares have been held for more than 12 months.  Otherwise, the gain or loss on a taxable disposition of Fund shares will be treated as short-term capital gain or loss.  However, any loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares held for six months or less will be treated as long-term, rather

 

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than short-term, to the extent of any long-term capital gain distributions received (or deemed received) by the shareholder with respect to the shares.  All or a portion of any loss realized upon a taxable disposition of Fund shares will be disallowed if other substantially identical shares of the Fund are purchased within 30 days before or after the disposition.  In such a case, the basis of the newly purchased shares will be adjusted to reflect the disallowed loss.

 

Foreign Taxes and Investments .

 

Income received by a Fund from sources within foreign countries may be subject to withholding and other taxes imposed by such countries.  Tax treaties between certain countries and the U.S. may reduce or eliminate such taxes.  If more than 50% of a Fund’s assets at year end consist of the securities of foreign corporations, the Fund may elect to permit shareholders to claim a credit or deduction on their income tax returns for their pro rata portions of qualified taxes paid by the Fund to foreign countries in respect of foreign securities that the Fund has held for at least the minimum period specified in the Code.  In such a case, shareholders will include in gross income from foreign sources their pro rata share of such taxes.  A shareholder’s ability to claim a foreign tax credit or deduction in respect of foreign taxes paid by a Fund may be subject to certain limitations imposed by the Code, which may result in the shareholder’s not getting a full credit or deduction for the amount of such taxes. Shareholders who do not itemize on their federal income tax returns may claim a credit (but not a deduction) for such foreign taxes.

 

A Fund may invest in one or more “passive foreign investment companies” (“PFICs”).  A PFIC is generally any foreign corporation if, for any year in the Fund’s holding period, (i) 75 percent or more of the income of the corporation is passive income, or (ii) at least 50 percent of the assets of the corporation (generally by value, but by adjusted tax basis in certain cases) produce or are held for the production of passive income.  Generally, passive income for this purpose means dividends, interest (including income equivalent to interest), royalties, rents, annuities, the excess of gain over losses from certain property transactions and commodities transactions, and foreign currency gains.

 

Investments by a Fund in a PFIC could potentially subject the Fund to a U.S. federal income tax (including interest charges) on distributions received from the PFIC or on proceeds received from the disposition of shares in the PFIC.  This tax cannot be eliminated by making distributions to Fund shareholders.  However, a Fund may make elections to avoid the imposition of such taxes.  For example, a Fund may be able to elect to treat a PFIC as a “qualified electing fund” (i.e., make a “QEF election”), in which case the Fund will be required to include its share of the PFIC’s income and net capital gains annually, regardless of whether it receives any distribution from the PFIC.  A Fund may also make an election to mark the gains (and to a limited extent losses) in a PFIC “to the market” as though it had sold and repurchased its holdings in the PFIC on the last day of the Fund’s taxable year.  Such gains and losses are treated as ordinary income and loss.  The QEF and mark-to-market elections may accelerate the recognition of income by the Fund (without the receipt of cash) and increase the amount required to be distributed by the Fund to avoid taxation.  Making either of these elections therefore may require the Fund to liquidate other investments (including when it is not advantageous to do so) to meet its distribution requirement, which also may accelerate the recognition of gain and affect the Fund’s total return.  Dividends paid by PFICs will not be eligible to be treated as “qualified dividend income.”

 

Finally, a Fund’s transactions in foreign currencies, foreign currency-denominated debt obligations and certain foreign currency options, futures contracts and forward contracts (and similar instruments) may give rise to ordinary income or loss to the extent such income or loss results from fluctuations in the value of the foreign currency concerned.

 

Certain Investments in Debt Obligations

 

If a Fund purchases a debt obligation with acquisition discount or original issue discount (“OID”), the Fund may be required to include the acquisition discount or OID in income over the term of the debt security, even though payment of that amount is not received until a later time, usually when the debt security matures.  A Fund may make one or more of the elections applicable to debt obligations having acquisition discount or OID, which could affect the character and timing of recognition of income by the Fund.  The Fund may be required to pay out as an income distribution each year an amount which is greater than the total amount of cash interest the Fund actually received.  Such distributions may be made from the cash assets of the Fund or by liquidation of portfolio securities, if necessary.  The Fund may realize gains or losses from such liquidations.  In the event the Fund realizes net capital gains from such transactions, its shareholders may receive a larger distributions than they would in the absence of such transactions.

 

Payment-in-kind securities will also give rise to income which is required to be distributed even though the Fund holding the security receives no interest payment in cash on the security during the year.  In addition, investments in certain ETNs may accrue interest which is required to be distributed to shareholders, even though the Fund may not receive any interest payment in cash on the security during the year.

 

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Investments in debt obligations that are in the lowest rating categories or are unrated, including debt obligations of issuers at risk of or in default present special tax issues for the Fund.  Tax rules are not entirely clear about issues such as when the Fund may cease to accrue interest, OID or market discount, when and to what extent deductions may be taken for bad debts or worthless securities and how payments received on obligations in default should be allocated between principal and interest.  These and other related issues will be addressed by each Fund when, as and if it invests in such securities, in order to seek to ensure that it distributes sufficient income to preserve its status as a regulated investment company and does not become subject to U.S. federal income or excise tax.

 

Derivative Transactions

 

If a Fund engages in derivative transactions, including transactions in options, futures contracts, forward contracts, swap agreements, foreign currencies and straddles, other Section 1256 contracts or other similar transactions, including for hedging purposes, it will be subject to special tax rules (including mark-to-market, constructive sale, straddle, wash sale and short sale rules), the effect of which may be to accelerate income to the Fund, defer losses to the Fund, cause adjustments in the holding periods of the Fund’s securities, convert long-term capital gains into short-term capital gains and convert short-term capital losses into long-term capital losses.  These rules could therefore affect the amount, timing and character of distributions to shareholders.

 

A Fund’s transactions in foreign currency-denominated debt instruments and certain of its derivative activities may produce a difference between its book income and its taxable income.  If the Fund’s book income exceeds its taxable income, the distribution (if any) of such excess generally will be treated as (i) a dividend to the extent of the Fund’s remaining earnings and profits (including earnings and profits arising from tax-exempt income), (ii) thereafter, as a return of capital to the extent of the recipient’s basis in its shares, and (iii) thereafter, as gain from the sale or exchange of a capital asset.  If the Fund’s book income is less than the sum of its taxable income and net tax-exempt income (if any), the Fund could be required to make distributions exceeding book income to qualify as a regulated investment company and to eliminate fund-level income tax.

 

Certain Investments in Real Estate Investment Trusts.

 

If a Fund invests in equity securities of real estate investment trusts (“REITs”), such investments may require the Fund to accrue and distribute income not yet received.  In order to generate sufficient cash to make the requisite distributions, a Fund may be required to sell securities in its portfolio (including when it is not advantageous to do so) that it otherwise would have continued to hold.  A Fund’s investment in REIT equity securities may at other times result in the fund’s receipt of cash in excess of the REIT’s earnings.  If a Fund distributes such amounts, such distribution could constitute a return of capital to the Fund’s shareholders for federal income tax purposes.  Dividends received by a Fund from a REIT generally will not constitute qualified dividend income.

 

A Fund may invest directly or indirectly in residual interests in real estate mortgage investment conduits (“REMICs”) or equity interests in taxable mortgage pools (“TMPs”) or REITs that invest in TMPs. Under a notice issued by the IRS and Treasury regulations that have not yet been issued, but may apply retroactively, a portion of a Fund’s income (including income allocated to the Fund from a REIT or other pass-through entity) that is attributable to a residual interest in a REMIC or an equity interest in a TMP (referred to in the Code as an “excess inclusion”) will be subject to federal income tax in all events. This notice also provides, and the regulations are expected to provide, that excess inclusion income of a regulated investment company, such as the Funds, will be allocated to shareholders of the regulated investment company in proportion to the dividends received by such shareholders, with the same consequences as if the shareholders held the related interest directly.  As a result, a Fund investing in such interests may not be a suitable investment for certain tax-exempt shareholders, as discussed under Tax-Exempt Shareholders below.

 

In general, excess inclusion income allocated to shareholders (i) cannot be offset by net operating losses (subject to a limited exception for certain thrift institutions), (ii) will constitute unrelated business taxable income (“UBTI”) to entities (including a qualified pension plan, an individual retirement account, a 401(k) plan, a Keogh plan or other tax-exempt entity) subject to tax on unrelated business income, thereby potentially requiring such an entity that is allocated excess inclusion income, and otherwise might not be required to file a tax return, to file a tax return and pay tax on such income, and (iii) in the case of a non-U.S. shareholder, will not qualify for any reduction in U.S. federal withholding tax.

 

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Tax-Exempt Shareholders

 

Under current law, the Funds generally serve to “block” (that is, prevent the attribution to shareholders of) UBTI from being realized by tax-exempt shareholders.  Notwithstanding this “blocking” effect, a tax-exempt shareholder of a Fund could realize UBTI by virtue of its investment in a Fund if shares in that Fund constitute debt-financed property in the hands of the tax-exempt shareholder within the meaning of Code Section 514(b).  A tax-exempt shareholder may also recognize UBTI if a Fund recognizes “excess inclusion income” derived from direct or indirect investments in residual interests in REMICS or equity interests in TMPs (as described above).  Any investment by a Fund in residual interests of a Collateralized Mortgage Obligation (a “CMO”) that has elected to be treated as a REMIC can create complex tax problems, especially if the Fund has state or local governments or other tax-exempt organizations as shareholders.

 

In addition, special tax consequences apply to charitable remainder trusts (“CRTs”) that invest in regulated investment companies that invest directly or indirectly in residual interests in REMICs or equity interests in TMPs. Under legislation enacted in December 2006, a CRT, as defined in section 664 of the Code, that realizes UBTI for a taxable year must pay an excise tax annually of an amount equal to such UBTI. Under IRS guidance issued in November 2006, a CRT will not recognize UBTI solely as a result of investing in a Fund that recognizes “excess inclusion income” (which is described earlier). Rather, as described above, if at any time during any taxable year a CRT (or one of certain other tax-exempt shareholders, such as the United States, a state or political subdivision, or an agency or instrumentality thereof, and certain energy cooperatives) is a record holder of a share in a Fund that recognizes “excess inclusion income,” then such Fund will be subject to a tax on that portion of its “excess inclusion income” for the taxable year that is allocable to such shareholders at the highest federal corporate income tax rate. The extent to which the IRS guidance in respect of CRTs remains applicable in light of the December 2006 CRT legislation is unclear. To the extent permitted under the 1940 Act, the Funds may elect to allocate any such tax specially to the applicable CRT, or other shareholder, and thus reduce such shareholder’s distributions for the year by the amount of the tax that relates to such shareholder’s interest in the Fund. CRTs are urged to consult their tax advisors concerning the consequences of investing in a Fund.

 

Backup Withholding

 

Each Fund generally is required to withhold and remit to the U.S. Treasury a percentage of the taxable distributions and redemption proceeds paid to any individual shareholder who fails to properly furnish the Fund with a correct taxpayer identification number (“TIN”), who has under-reported dividend or interest income, or who fails to certify to the Fund that he or she is not subject to such withholding.  The backup withholding tax rate is 28% for amounts paid through 2010.  This rate will expire, and the backup withholding tax rate will be 31% for amounts paid after December 31, 2010, unless Congress enacts legislation providing otherwise.

 

Non-U.S. Shareholders .

 

In general, dividends (other than capital gain dividends) paid by a Fund to a shareholder that is not a “U.S. person” within the meaning of the Code (such shareholder, a “foreign person”) are subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax at a rate of 30 percent (or lower applicable treaty rate) even if they are funded by income or gains (such as portfolio interest, short-term capital gains, or foreign-source dividend and interest income) that, if paid to a foreign person directly, would not be subject to withholding.

 

Previous legislation provided that, in general, for taxable years of a Fund beginning before January 1, 2008, a Fund was not required to withhold any amounts with respect to (i) distributions of net short-term capital gains in excess of net long-term capital losses, and (ii) distributions of U.S.-source interest income that would not be subject to U.S. federal income tax if earned directly by a foreign person, in each case to the extent that the Fund properly designated such distributions.  Under this prior legislation, a Fund was also allowed to opt not to designate dividends as interest-related dividends or short-term capital gain dividends to the full extent permitted by the Code.  The exemption from withholding for interest related and short-term capital gain dividends is no longer effective.  Pending legislation may reinstate and extend this exemption, but it is unclear at this time whether the legislation will be enacted.

 

In order to qualify for this exemption from withholding, if it is reinstated, a foreign person will need to comply with applicable certification requirements relating to its non-US status (including, in general, furnishing an IRS Form W-8BEN or substitute Form).  In the case of shares held through an intermediary, the intermediary may withhold even if the Fund makes a designation with respect to a payment.  Foreign persons should contact their intermediaries regarding the application of these rules to their accounts.

 

Under U.S. federal tax law, a beneficial holder of shares who is a foreign person is not, in general, subject to U.S. federal income tax on gains (and is not allowed a deduction for losses) realized on the sale of shares of a Fund or on Capital Gain Dividends unless (i) such gain or Capital Gain Dividend is effectively connected with the conduct of a trade or business

 

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carried on by such holder within the United States or (ii) in the case of an individual holder, the holder is present in the United States for a period or periods aggregating 183 days or more during the year of the sale or Capital Gain Dividend and certain other conditions are met .  If a shareholder is eligible for the benefits of a tax treaty, any effectively connected income or gain will generally be subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net basis only if it is also attributable to a permanent establishment maintained by the shareholder in the United States.

 

In order for a foreign investor to qualify for an exemption from the backup withholding, the foreign investor must comply with special certification and filing requirements.  Foreign investors in the Fund should consult their tax advisers in this regard.  Backup withholding is not an additional tax.  Any amounts withheld may be credited against the shareholder’s U.S. federal income tax liability, provided the appropriate information is furnished to the Internal Revenue Service.

 

A beneficial holder of shares who is a foreign person may be subject to state and local tax and to the U.S. federal estate tax in addition to the federal tax on income referred to above.

 

Tax Deferred Plans

 

Special tax rules apply to investments through defined contribution plans and other tax-qualified plans.  Shareholders should consult their tax advisers to determine the suitability of shares of a Fund as an investment through such plans and the precise effect of such an investment on their particular tax situation.

 

Tax Shelter Reporting

 

Under Treasury regulations, if a shareholder recognizes a loss of $2 million or more for an individual shareholder or $10 million or more for a corporate shareholder, the shareholder must file with the Internal Revenue Service a disclosure statement on Form 8886.  Direct shareholders of portfolio securities are in many cases excepted from this reporting requirement, but under current guidance, shareholders of a regulated investment company are not excepted.  Future guidance may extend the current exception from this reporting requirement to shareholders of most or all regulated investment companies.  The fact that a loss is reportable under these regulations does not affect the legal determination of whether the taxpayer’s treatment of the loss is proper.  Shareholders should consult their tax advisers to determine the applicability of these regulations in light of their individual circumstances.

 

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PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND BROKERAGE

 

Investment Decisions and Portfolio Transactions

 

Investment decisions for the Funds are made with a view to achieving their respective investment objectives. Investment decisions are the product of many factors in addition to basic suitability for the particular client involved (including the Funds). Some securities considered for investment by the Funds may also be appropriate for other clients served by the Adviser. Thus, a particular security may be bought or sold for certain clients even though it could have been bought or sold for other clients at the same time. If a purchase or sale of securities consistent with the investment policies of a Fund and one or more of these clients is considered at or about the same time, transactions in such securities will be allocated among the Fund and clients in a manner deemed fair and reasonable by the Adviser. Particularly when investing in less liquid or illiquid securities of smaller capitalization companies, such allocation may take into account the asset size of a Fund in determining whether the allocation of an investment is suitable. The Adviser may aggregate orders for the Funds with simultaneous transactions entered into on behalf of its other clients so long as price and transaction expenses are averaged either for the portfolio transaction or for that day. Likewise, a particular security may be bought for one or more clients when one or more clients are selling the security. In some instances, one client may sell a particular security to another client. It also sometimes happens that two or more clients simultaneously purchase or sell the same security, in which event each day’s transactions in such security are, insofar as possible, averaged as to price and allocated between such clients in a manner which in the Adviser’s opinion is equitable to each and in accordance with the amount being purchased or sold by each. There may be circumstances when purchases or sales of portfolio securities for one or more clients will have an adverse effect on other clients, including the Funds.

 

Brokerage and Research Services

 

There is generally no stated commission in the case of securities traded on a principal basis in the over-the-counter markets, but the price paid by the Funds usually includes an undisclosed dealer commission or markup. In underwritten offerings, the price paid by the Funds includes a disclosed, fixed commission or discount retained by the underwriter or dealer. Transactions on U.S. stock exchanges and other agency transactions involve the payment by the Funds of negotiated brokerage commissions. Such commissions vary among different brokers. Also, a particular broker may charge different commissions according to such factors as the difficulty and size of the transaction. Transactions in non-U.S. securities generally involve the payment of fixed brokerage commissions, which are generally higher than those in the United States.  The purchase by a Fund of participations or assignments may be pursuant to privately negotiated transactions pursuant to which a Fund may by required to pay fees to the seller or forego a portion of payments in respect of the participation agreement.

 

The Adviser places orders for the purchase and sale of portfolio securities, options and futures contracts and buys and sells such securities, options and futures for a Fund through a substantial number of brokers and dealers. In so doing, the Adviser uses its best efforts to obtain for the Fund the most favorable price and execution available, except to the extent it may be permitted to pay higher brokerage commissions as described below. In seeking the most favorable price and execution, the Adviser, having in mind a Fund’s best interests, considers all factors it deems relevant, including, by way of illustration, price, the size of the transaction, the nature of the market for the security, the amount of the commission, the timing of the transaction taking into account market prices and trends, the reputation, experience and financial stability of the broker-dealer involved and the quality of service rendered by the broker-dealer in that or other transactions.

 

The Adviser places orders for the purchase and sale of portfolio investments for a Fund’s accounts with brokers or dealers selected by it in its discretion. In effecting purchases and sales of portfolio securities for the accounts of the Funds, the Adviser will seek the best price and execution of the Funds’ orders. In doing so, a Fund may pay higher commission rates than the lowest available when the Adviser believes it is reasonable to do so in light of the value of the brokerage and research services provided by the broker effecting the transaction, as discussed below. Although the Funds may use a broker-dealer that sells Fund shares to effect transactions for the Funds’ portfolios, the Funds will not consider the sale of Fund shares as a factor when selecting broker-dealers to execute those transactions.

 

Each Fund currently has no intention to use soft dollars.

 

It has for many years been a common practice in the investment advisory business for advisers of investment companies and other institutional investors to receive research and brokerage products and services (together, “services”) from broker-dealers which execute portfolio transactions for the clients of such advisers. Consistent with this practice, the Adviser receives services from many broker-dealers with which the Adviser places the Funds’ portfolio transactions. These services,

 

43



 

which in some cases may also be purchased for cash, may include, among other things, such items as general economic and security market reviews, industry and company reviews, evaluations of securities, recommendations as to the purchase and sale of securities, and services related to the execution of securities transactions. The advisory fees paid by the Funds are not reduced because the Adviser receives such services even though the receipt of such services relieves the Adviser from expenses they might otherwise bear. Research and brokerage services provided by broker-dealers chosen by the Adviser to place the Funds’ portfolio transactions may be useful to the Adviser in providing services to the Adviser’s other clients, although not all of these services may be necessarily useful and of value to the Adviser in managing the Funds. Conversely, research and brokerage services provided to the Adviser by broker-dealers in connection with trades executed on behalf of other clients of the Adviser may be useful to the Adviser in managing the Funds, although not all of these services may be necessarily useful and of value to the Adviser in managing such other clients.

 

In reliance on the “safe harbor” provided by Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “1934 Act”), the Adviser may cause a Fund to pay a broker-dealer which provides “brokerage and research services” (as defined for purposes of Section 28(e)) to the Adviser an amount of commission for effecting a securities transaction for the Fund in excess of the commission which another broker-dealer would have charged for effecting that transaction if the Adviser determines in good faith that the commission is reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research services provided by the broker-dealer viewed in terms of either a particular transaction or the Adviser’s overall responsibilities to the advisory accounts for which it exercises investment discretion.

 

The Adviser may place orders for the purchase and sale of exchange-listed portfolio securities with a broker-dealer that is an affiliate of the Adviser where, in the judgment of the Adviser, such firm will be able to obtain a price and execution at least as favorable as other qualified broker-dealers. Pursuant to rules of the SEC, a broker-dealer that is an affiliate of the Adviser may receive and retain compensation for effecting portfolio transactions for a Fund on a securities exchange if the commissions paid to such an affiliated broker-dealer by a Fund on exchange transactions do not exceed “usual and customary brokerage commissions.” The rules define “usual and customary” commissions to include amounts which are “reasonable and fair compared to the commission, fee or other remuneration received or to be received by other brokers in connection with comparable transactions involving similar securities being purchased or sold on a securities exchange during a comparable period of time.”

 

Because the Funds have not yet commenced operations, information on specific brokerage transactions or commission costs is not included in this SAI.

 

44



 

DESCRIPTION OF THE TRUST

 

The Trust’s Declaration of Trust permits the Trustees to issue an unlimited number of full and fractional shares of each series. Each share of each Fund represents an equal proportionate interest in such Fund with each other share of that Fund and is entitled to a proportionate interest in the dividends and distributions from that Fund. The Declaration of Trust further permits the Board of Trustees to divide the shares of each series into any number of separate classes, each having such rights and preferences relative to other classes of the same series as the Board of Trustees may determine. When you invest in a Fund, you acquire freely transferable shares of beneficial interest that entitle you to receive dividends as determined by the Board of Trustees and to cast a vote for each share you own at shareholder meetings. The shares of each Fund do not have any preemptive rights. Upon termination of any Fund, whether pursuant to liquidation of the Trust or otherwise, shareholders of each class of that Fund are entitled to share pro rata in the net assets attributable to that class of shares of that Fund available for distribution to shareholders. The Declaration of Trust also permits the Board of Trustees to charge shareholders directly for custodial, transfer agency, and servicing expenses.

 

Shares of each Fund are currently divided into three classes, designated Class A, Class C and Class I Shares.

 

The assets received by each class of a Fund for the issue or sale of its shares and all income, earnings, profits, losses and proceeds therefrom, subject only to the rights of creditors, are allocated to, and constitute the underlying assets of, that class of the Fund. The underlying assets of each class of a Fund are segregated and are charged with the expenses with respect to that class of the Fund and with a share of the general expenses of the relevant Fund and Trust. Any general expenses of the Trust that are not readily identifiable as belonging to a particular class of a Fund are allocated by or under the direction of the Trustees in such manner as the Trustees determine to be fair and equitable. While the expenses of the Trust are allocated to the separate books of account of each Fund, certain expenses may be legally chargeable against the assets of all of the Funds in a Trust.

 

The Declaration of Trust also permits the Board of Trustees, without shareholder approval, to subdivide any Fund or series or class of shares into various sub-series or sub-classes with such dividend preferences and other rights as the Trustees may designate. The Board of Trustees may also, without shareholder approval, establish one or more additional series or classes or merge two or more existing series or classes without shareholder approval. Shareholders’ investments in such an additional or merged series would be evidenced by a separate series of shares ( i.e. , a new “Fund”).

 

The Declaration of Trust provides for the perpetual existence of the Trust.  The Trust or any Fund, however, may be terminated at any time by vote of at least two thirds of the outstanding shares of each Fund affected. Similarly, any class within a Fund may be terminated by vote of at least two thirds of the outstanding shares of such class. The Declaration of Trust further provides that the Board of Trustees may also without shareholder approval terminate the relevant Trust or Fund upon written notice to its shareholders.

 

Voting Rights. Shareholders of all Funds are entitled to one vote for each full share held (with fractional votes for each fractional share held) and may vote (to the extent provided therein) on the election of Trustees and the termination of the Trust and on other matters submitted to the vote of shareholders.

 

All classes of shares of the Funds have identical voting rights except that each class of shares has exclusive voting rights on any matter submitted to shareholders that relates solely to that class, and has separate voting rights on any matter submitted to shareholders in which the interests of one class differ from the interests of any other class. Each class of shares has exclusive voting rights with respect to matters pertaining to any distribution or servicing plan or agreement applicable to that class. Matters submitted to shareholder vote will be approved by each series separately except (i) when required by the 1940 Act, shares shall be voted together and (ii) when the matter does not affect all series, then only shareholders of the series affected shall be entitled to vote on the matter. Consistent with the current position of the SEC, shareholders of all series and classes vote together, irrespective of series or class, on the election of Trustees and the selection of the Trust’s independent registered public accounting firm, but shareholders of each series vote separately on most other matters requiring shareholder approval, such as certain changes in investment policies of that series or the approval of the investment advisory and any subadvisory agreement relating to that series, and shareholders of each class within a series vote separately as to the Rule 12b-1 plan (if any) relating to that class.

 

There will normally be no meetings of shareholders for the purpose of electing Trustees, except that, in accordance with the 1940 Act, (i) a Trust will hold a shareholders’ meeting for the election of Trustees at such time as less than a majority of the Trustees holding office have been elected by shareholders, and (ii) if there is a vacancy on the Board of Trustees, such vacancy may be filled only by a vote of the shareholders unless, after filling such vacancy by other means, at least two-thirds of the Trustees holding office shall have been elected by the shareholders. In addition, Trustees may be removed from office

 

45



 

by a written consent signed by the holders of two-thirds of the outstanding shares and filed with a Trust’s custodian or by a vote of the holders of two-thirds of the outstanding shares at a meeting duly called for that purpose.

 

Except as set forth above, the Trustees shall continue to hold office and may appoint successor Trustees. Shareholder voting rights are not cumulative.

 

The affirmative vote of a majority of shares of the Trust voted (assuming a quorum is present in person or by proxy) is required to amend the Declaration of Trust if such amendment (1) affects the power of shareholders to vote, (2) amends the section of the relevant Declaration of Trust governing amendments, (3) is one for which a vote is required by law or by the Trust’s registration statement or (4) is submitted to the shareholders by the Trustees. If one or more new series of a Trust is established and designated by the Trustees, the shareholders having beneficial interests in the Funds shall not be entitled to vote on matters exclusively affecting such new series, such matters including, without limitation, the adoption of or any change in the investment objectives, policies or restrictions of the new series and the approval of the investment advisory contracts of the new series. Similarly, the shareholders of the new series shall not be entitled to vote on any such matters as they affect the other Funds.

 

Shareholder and Trustee Liability. Under Massachusetts law, shareholders could, under certain circumstances, be held personally liable for the obligations of the Trust. However, the Declaration of Trust disclaims shareholder liability for acts or obligations of the Trust and requires that notice of such disclaimer be given in each agreement, obligation or instrument entered into or executed by the Trust or the Trustees. The Declaration of Trust provides for indemnification out of each Fund’s property for all loss and expense of any shareholder held personally liable for the obligations of the Fund by reason of owning shares of such Fund. Thus, the risk of a shareholder incurring financial loss on account of shareholder liability is considered remote since it is limited to circumstances in which the disclaimer is inoperative and a Fund itself would be unable to meet its obligations.

 

The Declaration of Trust further provides that the Board of Trustees will not be liable for errors of judgment or mistakes of fact or law. However, nothing in the Declaration of Trust protects a Trustee against any liability to which the Trustee would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his or her office. The Declaration of Trust of the Trust provides for indemnification by the Trust of Trustees and officers of the Trust, except with respect to any matter as to which any such person did not act in good faith in the reasonable belief that his or her action was in the best interests of the Trust. Such persons may not be indemnified against any liability to the Trust or the Trust’s shareholders to whom he or she would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his or her office.

 

46



 

OTHER INFORMATION ABOUT THE FUNDS

 

Custodian

 

State Street Bank and Trust Company (the “Custodian”), located at 200 Newport Avenue North Quincy, MA 02171, serves as the custodian for the Funds. As such, the Custodian holds in safekeeping certificated securities and cash belonging to each Fund and, in such capacity, is the registered owner of securities in book-entry form belonging to each Fund. Upon instruction, the Custodian receives and delivers cash and securities of each Fund in connection with Fund transactions and collects all dividends and other distributions made with respect to Fund portfolio securities. The Custodian also maintains certain accounts and records of the Funds and calculates the total net asset value, total net income and net asset value per share of each Fund on a daily basis.  

 

Counsel

 

Ropes & Gray LLP serves as counsel to the Funds, and is located at 1211 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY, 10036.

 

Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 

Ernst & Young LLP serves as each Fund’s independent registered public accountant.  Ernst & Young LLP provides audit services, tax return preparation and assistance and consultation in connection with review of SEC filings.  Ernst & Young LLP is located at 200 Clarendon Street Boston MA, 02116-5072.

 

The financial statements of the Funds included or incorporated by reference in the Prospectus and SAI have been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report which is also included or incorporated by reference in the Prospectus and SAI, and have been so included or incorporated by reference in reliance upon the report of such firm, given on the authority of that firm as experts in accounting and auditing.  

 

Administrator

 

State Street Bank and Trust Company (the “Administrator”) serves as administrator to the Trust. As such, the Administrator provides various fund administration services, including the preparation of certain financial information, the coordination of audits of financial statements, and coordination of various filings. The services provided by the Administrator are enumerated in Exhibit 99(h)(1) to this filing.  

 

47



 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 

To the Shareholder and Board of Trustees of

IVA Fiduciary Trust

 

We have audited the accompanying statement of assets and liabilities of IVA Worldwide Fund, a series of IVA Fiduciary Trust (the “Trust”), as of August 20, 2008. This statement of assets and liabilities is the responsibility of the Trust’s management.  Our responsibility is to express an opinion on this statement of assets and liabilities based on our audit.

 

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).  Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the statement of assets and liabilities is free of material misstatement.  We were not engaged to perform an audit of the Trust’s internal control over financial reporting.  Our audit included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Trust’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the statement of assets and liabilities, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall statement of assets and liabilities presentation.  We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

In our opinion, the statement of assets and liabilities referred to above presents fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of IVA Worldwide Fund, a series of IVA Fiduciary Trust at August 20, 2008, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

 

 

 

 

Boston, Massachusetts

September 4, 2008

 

48



 

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

IVA Funds  

Statement of Assets and Liabilities  

August 20, 2008  

 

 

 

IVA

 

 

 

Worldwide

 

 

 

Fund

 

ASSETS

 

 

 

Cash

 

$

120,000.00

 

 

 

$

120,000.00

 

 

 

 

 

LIABILITIES

 

$

0.00

 

 

 

 

 

NET ASSETS

 

$

120,000.00

 

 

 

 

 

NET ASSETS CONSIST OF:

 

 

 

Paid-in Capital

 

$

120,000.00

 

 

 

 

 

CLASS I SHARES:

 

 

 

NET ASSETS

 

$

120,000.00

 

Shares issued and outstanding ($0.001 par value common stock outstanding)*

 

10,000.000

 

 

 

 

 

NET ASSET VALUE PER SHARE

 

$

12.00

 

 


*Unlimited number of shares are authorized.  

 

See accompanying Notes to Statement of Assets and Liabilities.  

 

49



 

IVA Funds  

Notes to Statement of Assets and Liabilities  

August 20, 2008  

 

1.               Organization  

 

IVA Worldwide Fund, or the Fund, is a diversified series of IVA Fiduciary Trust, or the Trust, which was organized as a Massachusetts business trust on June 12, 2008, and is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, as an open end management investment company.  The Fund’s investment objective is to seek long-term growth of capital by investing in a range of securities and asset classes from markets around the world, including U.S. markets.  The Fund has no operations to date, other than matters relating to the Fund’s establishment, registration of the Fund’s shares under the Securities Act of 1933, and the sale of a total of 10,000 Class I shares for $120,000 to Charles de Vaulx.  

 

The Fund offers multiple classes of shares which provide investors with different purchase options.  Class A shares are offered to investors subject to an initial sales charge.  Class C shares are offered to investors without an initial sales charge and are subject to higher ongoing expenses than Class A shares and a contingent deferred sales charge payable upon certain redemptions within one year of purchase.  Class I shares are offered to a limited group of investors, are not subject to initial or contingent deferred sales charges and have lower ongoing expenses than other classes.  

 

2.               Summary of Significant Accounting Policies  

 

Use of Estimates.  Preparation of this financial statement in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires the Fund’s management to make estimates and assumptions that may affect the amounts reported in the financial statement and related notes.  The actual results could differ from these estimates.  

 

Class Allocation.  Investment income, realized and unrealized gains and losses, and certain Fund-level expenses and expense reductions, if any, are borne pro rata on the basis of relative net assets by the holders of all classes of shares, except that each class bears certain expenses unique to that class.  Differences in class-level expenses may result in payment of different per share dividends by share class.  All shares of the Fund have equal rights with respect to voting subject to class-specific arrangements.  

 

Redemption Fees.  The Fund imposes a redemption fee of 2% of the total redemption amount on the Fund shares redeemed within 30 days of buying them.  The purpose of the redemption fees is to deter excessive, short-term trading and other abusive trading practices, and to help offset the costs associated with the sale of portfolio securities to satisfy redemption and exchange requests made by “market timers” and other short-term shareholders, thereby insulating longer-term shareholders from such costs.  

 

50



 

3.               Advisory Agreement and Administration Agreements  

 

The Fund has an advisory agreement with International Value Advisers, LLC (the “Adviser”) to provide the Fund with a continuous investment program, to make day-to-day investment decisions and to generally manage the business affairs of the Fund in accordance with its investment objectives and policies.  Pursuant to the agreement, upon commencement of investment operations, the Adviser will be compensated at an annual rate of 0.90% of the Fund’s average daily net assets.  

 

The Fund entered into an expense limitation agreement with the Adviser, until September 30, 2009.  Under the expense limitation agreement, the Adviser has agreed to waive or limit its fees and to assume other expenses so that the total expenses for Class A, Class C or Class I shares are limited to 1.40%, 2.15% and 1.15%, respectively, of average daily net assets.  The Fund may later reimburse the Adviser for the management fees waived or limited and other expenses assumed and paid by the Adviser under the expense limitation agreement provided the Fund reaches sufficient asset size to permit such reimbursement.  The Adviser may recoup all or a portion of any waived investment advisory fees and expenses it has borne, if any, to the extent a class’s expenses fall below the maximum ratio within one year after the end of the fiscal year in which the waiver was made.  

 

4.               Distribution and Shareholder Services Plans  

 

The Trust has adopted a distribution plan with respect to the Fund’s Class A and Class C shares pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, or the Act, which allows the Fund to pay distribution fees for the sale and distribution of its shares.  Under this plan, the Fund may pay a distribution fee at an annual rate of up to 0.25% of the average daily value of the Fund’s net assets attributable to the Class A shares and 0.75% of the average daily value of the Fund’s net assets attributable to the Class C shares.  

 

The Trust has adopted a shareholder services plan with respect to the Fund’s Class C shares pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the Act, which provides that the Fund may obtain the services of qualified financial institutions to act as shareholder servicing agents for their customers.  For these services, the Fund may pay the shareholder servicing agent a fee at an annual rate of up to 0.25% of the average daily net asset value of the Fund’s Class C shares.  

 

5.               Organizational Expenses and Offering Costs  

 

The Adviser has agreed to pay all organizational expenses which are estimated to be $155,750.  

 

6.               Federal Income Taxes  

 

The Fund intends to qualify as a “regulated investment company” and to comply with the applicable provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, such that it will generally not be subject to Federal income tax.  

 

51



 

APPENDIX A  

 

PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES  

 

The Board of Trustees of the Funds has delegated the authority to develop policies and procedures relating to proxy voting to the Adviser.  The Adviser has adopted a set of proxy voting policies and procedures (the “Policies”) to ensure that the Adviser votes proxies relating to equity securities in the best interest of clients.  

 

In voting proxies, the Adviser is guided by general fiduciary principles and seeks to act prudently and solely in the best interest of clients.  The Adviser attempts to consider all factors that could affect the value of the investment and will vote proxies in the manner that it believes will be consistent with efforts to maximize shareholder values.  The Adviser may utilize an external service provider to provide it with information and/or a recommendation with regard to proxy votes.  However, such recommendations do not relieve the Adviser of its responsibility for the proxy vote.  

 

In the case of a proxy issue for which there is a stated position in the Policies, the Adviser generally votes in accordance with such stated position.  In the case of a proxy issue for which there is a list of factors set forth in the Policies that the Adviser considers in voting on such issue, the Adviser votes on a case-by-case basis in accordance with the general principles set forth above and considering such enumerated factors.  In the case of a proxy issue for which there is no stated position or list of factors that the Adviser considers in voting on such issue, the Adviser votes on a case-by-case basis in accordance with the general principles set forth above.  Issues for which there is a stated position set forth in the Policies or for which there is a list of factors set forth in the Policies that the Adviser considers in voting on such issues fall into a variety of categories, including election of trustees, ratification of auditors, proxy and tender offer defenses, capital structure issues, executive and trustee compensation, mergers and corporate restructurings, and social and environmental issues.  The stated position on an issue set forth in the Policies can always be superseded, subject to the duty to act solely in the best interest of the beneficial owners of accounts, by the investment management professionals responsible for the account whose shares are being voted.  Issues applicable to a particular industry may cause the Adviser to abandon a policy that would have otherwise applied to issuers generally.  The Adviser’s policy is to vote all proxies from a specific issuer in the same way for each client absent qualifying restrictions from the client.  

 

In furtherance of the Adviser’s goal to vote proxies in the best interest of clients, the Adviser follows procedures designed to identify and address material conflicts that may arise between the Adviser’s interests and those of its clients before voting proxies on behalf of such clients.  To seek to identify conflicts of interest, the Adviser reviews its relationship with the issuer of each security to determine if the Adviser or any of its employees has any financial, business or personal relationship with the issuer. The Adviser is also sensitive to the fact that a significant, publicized relationship between an issuer and a non- affiliate might appear to the public to influence the manner in which the Adviser decides to vote a proxy with respect to such issuer.  

 

The Adviser’s CCO reviews and addresses conflicts of interest brought to her attention.  A proxy issue that will be voted in accordance with a stated position on an issue or in accordance with the recommendation of an independent third party is not brought to the attention of the CCO for a conflict of interest review because the Adviser’s position is that to the extent a conflict of interest issue exists, it is resolved by voting in accordance with a pre-determined policy or in accordance with the recommendation of an independent third party.  With respect to a conflict of interest brought to its attention, the CCO first determines whether such conflict of interest is material.  A conflict of interest is considered material to the extent that it is determined that such conflict is likely to influence, or appear to influence, the Adviser’s decision-making in voting proxies.  

 

If it is determined by the CCO that a conflict of interest is not material, the Adviser may vote proxies notwithstanding the existence of the conflict.  If it is determined by the CCO that a conflict of interest is material, the CCO is responsible for determining an appropriate method to resolve such conflict of interest before the proxy affected by the conflict of interest is voted.  Such determination is based on the particular facts and circumstances, including the importance of the proxy issue and the nature of the conflict of interest.  Methods of resolving a material conflict of interest may include, but are not limited to, disclosing the conflict to clients and obtaining their consent before voting, or suggesting to clients that they engage another party to vote the proxy on their behalf.

 

A-1



 

PART C.
OTHER INFORMATION

 

ITEM 23.  EXHIBITS

 

Exhibit

 

 

Number

 

Description

 

 

 

(a)

Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust of the Registrant - Filed herewith.

 

 

 

(b)

Amended and Restated By-laws of the Registrant - Filed herewith.

 

 

 

(c)

Portions of the Agreement and Declaration of Trust and By-laws of the Registrant defining the rights of holders of shares of the Registrant (Reference is made to Article III (Shares) and Article V (Shareholders’ Voting Powers and Meetings) of the Registrant’s Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust, filed herewith; and to Article 9 (Issuance of Shares Certificates) and Article 11 (Shareholders’ Voting Powers and Meetings) of the Registrant’s Amended and Restated By-laws, incorporated by reference to Exhibits (a) and (b).

 

 

 

(d)(1)

Investment Advisory Agreement between Registrant and International Value Advisers, LLC - Filed herewith.

 

 

 

(d)(2)

Fee Waiver Expense Reimbursement Letter Agreement – Filed herewith.

 

 

 

(e)

Distribution Agreement between Registrant and Foreside Distribution Services, L.P. - Filed herewith.

 

 

 

(f)

Not applicable.

 

 

 

(g)

Master Custodian Agreement between Registrant and State Street Bank and Trust Company - Filed herewith.

 

 

 

(h)(1)

Administration Agreement between Registrant and State Street Bank and Trust Company - Filed herewith.

 

 

 

(h)(2)

Transfer Agency and Service Agreement between Registrant and Boston Financial Data Services, Inc - Filed herewith.

 

 

 

(i)

Opinion and Consent of Counsel - Filed herewith.

 

 

 

(j)

Opinion and Consent of independent registered Public Accounting Firm - Filed herewith.

 

 

 

(k)

Not applicable.

 

 

 

(l)

Initial Capital Agreement – Filed herewith.

 

 

 

(m)

Form of Distribution Plans - Filed herewith.

 

 

 

(n)

Multi-Class Plan - Filed herewith.

 

 

 

(o)

Reserved.

 

 

 

(p)(1)

Code of Ethics of the Registrant - Filed herewith.

 

 

 

(p)(2)

Code of Ethics of the Adviser - Filed herewith.

 

 

 

(p)(3)

Code of Ethics of the Distributor - Filed herewith.

 



 

(q)

Power of Attorney - Filed herewith.

 

ITEM 24.  PERSONS CONTROLLED BY OR UNDER COMMON CONTROL WITH REGISTRANT

 

Not applicable.

 

ITEM 25.  INDEMNIFICATION

 

Reference is made to Article VII of Registrant’s Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust which is attached herewith.

 

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), may be permitted to trustees, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the Registrant understands that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable.  In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a trustee, officer or controlling person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such trustee, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

 

ITEM 26.  BUSINESS AND OTHER CONNECTIONS OF INVESTMENT ADVISER

 

Describe any other business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature in which the investment adviser and each trustee, officer or partner of the investment adviser, is or has been, engaged within the last two fiscal years for his or her own account or in the capacity of trustee, officer, employee, partner or trustee. (Disclose the name and principal business address of any company for which a person listed above serves in the capacity of trustee, officer, employee, partner or trustee, and the nature of the relationship.)

 

Reference is made to the caption “Investment Adviser” in the Prospectus constituting Part A which is incorporated by reference to this Registration Statement and “Investment Advisory and Other Services” in the Statement of Additional Information constituting Part B which is incorporated by reference to this Registration Statement.

 

The information as to the trustees and executive officers of International Value Advisers, LLC is set forth in Form ADV filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 22, 2008 (IARD/CRD No. 146105), as amended through the date hereof, which is incorporated herein by reference.

 

ITEM 27.  PRINCIPAL UNDERWRITERS

 

(a) State the name of each investment company (other than the Registrant) for which each principal underwriter currently distributing securities of the Registrant also acts as a principal underwriter, depositor or investment adviser.

 

List of Funds Distributed by Foreside Distribution Services, L.P.

 

1)             The Thirty-Eight Hundred Fund LLC

2)             American Independence Funds Trust

3)             The Bjurman, Barry Funds

4)             Capital One Funds

5)             Commonwealth International Series Trust

6)             Coventry Funds Trust

7)             The Coventry Group

8)             First Funds

9)             Greenwich Advisors Trust

10)           HSBC Advisor Funds Trust

11)           HSBC Investor Funds

12)           The Lou Holland Trust

13)           Pacific Capital Funds

14)           RidgeWorth Funds

15)           RidgeWorth Variable Trust

16)           RMR Series Trust

17)           Unified Series Trust

18)           Vintage Mutual Funds, Inc.

 

(b) Provide the information required by the following table with respect to each trustee, officer or partner of each principal underwriter named in the response to Item 20.

 

The following are officers of Foreside Distribution Services, L.P.

 

The following officers of Foreside Distribution Services, L.P., the Registrant’s underwriter, hold the following positions with the Registrant.  Their business address is Two Portland Square, Portland, Maine 04101.

 

Name

 

Position with Underwriter

 

Position with Registrant

Mark S. Redman

 

President

 

None

Richard J. Berthy

 

Treasurer

 

None

Linda C. Carley

 

Chief Compliance Officer

 

None

Elliott S. Dobin

 

Secretary

 

None

Wayne A. Rose

 

Assistant Chief Compliance Officer

 

None

 



 

(c) Provide the information required by the following table for all commissions and other compensation received, directly or indirectly, from the Registrant during the last fiscal year by each principal underwriter who is not an affiliated person of the Registrant or any affiliated person of an affiliate person.

 

None

 

ITEM 28.  LOCATION OF ACCOUNTS AND RECORDS

 

The books, accounts and other documents required by Section 31(a) under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and the rules promulgated thereunder are maintained in the physical possession of State Street Bank and Trust Company.

 

ITEM 29.  MANAGEMENT SERVICES

 

Not applicable.

 

ITEM 30.  UNDERTAKINGS

 

None.

 



 

NOTICE

 

A copy of the Agreement and Declaration of Trust of IVA Fiduciary Trust (the “Trust”), together with all amendments thereto, is on file with the Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts and notice is hereby given that this Registration Statement is executed on behalf of the Trust by an officer of the Trust as an officer and not individually and that the obligations of or arising out of this Registration Statement are not binding upon any of the Trustees of the Trust or shareholders of any series of the Trust individually but are binding only upon the assets and property of the Trust or the respective series.

 

 

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, the Registrant has duly caused this Pre-Effective Amendment No. 2 to its Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, duly authorized, in the City of New York and State of New York on the 19 th  of September, 2008.

 

 

 

IVA Fiduciary Trust
(Registrant)

 

 

 

/s/ Michael W. Malafronte

 

Michael W. Malafronte
Trustee, President and Chief Executive Officer

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Pre-Effective Amendment No. 2 to its Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities indicated on the 19 th  of September, 2008.

 

SIGNATURE

 

TITLE

 

DATE

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Adele R. Wailand*

 

Trustee

 

September 19, 2008

Adele R. Wailand

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Manu Bammi*

 

Trustee

 

September 19, 2008

Manu Bammi

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Michael W. Malafronte

 

Trustee, President and Chief Executive Officer

 

September 19, 2008

Michael W. Malafronte

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Stefanie Hempstead

 

Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer

 

September 19, 2008

Stefanie Hempstead

 

 

 

 

 

 

* By:

/s/ Michael W. Malafronte

 

 

 

 

Michael W. Malafronte

 

 

 

 

(Attorney-in-Fact)

 

 

 

 



 

IVA Fiduciary Trust

 

Exhibit Index

 

Exhibits for Item 23 of Form N-1A

 

Exhibit

 

Exhibit Description

 

 

 

(a)

 

Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust of the Registrant

(b)

 

Amended and Restated By-Laws of the Registrant

(d)(1)

 

Investment Advisory Agreement between the Registrant and International Value Advisers, LLC

(d)(2)

 

Fee Waiver/Expense Reimbursement Letter Agreement

(e)

 

Distribution Agreement between the Registrant and Foreside Distribution Services, L.P.

(g)

 

Master Custodian Agreement between the Registrant and State Street Bank and Trust Company

(h)(1)

 

Administration Agreement between the Registrant and State Street Bank and Trust Company

(h)(2)

 

Transfer Agency and Service Agreement between the Registrant and Boston Financial Data Services, Inc.

(i)

 

Opinion and Consent of Counsel

(j)

 

Opinion and Consent of independent registered Public Accounting Firm

(l)

 

Initial Capital Agreement

(m)

 

Form of Distribution Plans

(n)

 

Multi-Class Plan

(p)(1)

 

Code of Ethics of the Registrant

(p)(2)

 

Code of Ethics of the Adviser

(p)(3)

 

Code of Ethics of the Distributor

(q)

 

Power of Attorney

 


Exhibit 99.(a)

 

Exhibit (a)

 

IVA FIDUCIARY TRUST

 

AMENDED AND RESTATED

AGREEMENT AND DECLARATION OF TRUST

 

THIS AMENDED AND RESTATED AGREEMENT AND DECLARATION OF TRUST made this 21st day of August, 2008, by the Trustees hereunder, and by the holders of shares of beneficial interest to be issued hereunder as hereinafter provided, amending and restating the Agreement and Declaration of Trust made at Boston, Massachusetts the 12 th day of June, 2008.

 

WITNESSETH that:

 

WHEREAS, this Trust has been formed to carry on the business of an investment company; and

 

WHEREAS, the Trustees have agreed to manage all property coming into their hands as trustees of a Massachusetts voluntary association with transferable shares of beneficial interest in accordance with the provisions hereinafter set forth;

 

NOW, THEREFORE, the Trustees hereby declare that they will hold all cash, securities and other assets, which they may from time to time acquire in any manner as Trustee hereunder, IN TRUST to manage and dispose of the same upon the following terms and conditions for the benefit of the holders from time to time of shares in this Trust as hereinafter set forth.

 

ARTICLE I

 

Name and Definitions

 

Section 1.   Name .  This Trust shall be known as “IVA Fiduciary Trust” and the Trustees shall conduct the business of the Trust under that name or any other name as they may from time to time determine.

 

Section 2.   Definitions .  Whenever used herein, unless otherwise required by the context or specifically provided:

 

(a)                                   “Trust” refers to the Massachusetts business trust established by this Agreement and Declaration of Trust, as amended or restated from time to time;

 

(b)                                  “Trustees” refers to the person or persons signatory hereto, so long as he, she or they continue in office in accordance with the terms of this Agreement and Declaration of Trust, and all other persons who may from time to time be duly elected or appointed in accordance with Article IV hereof;

 



 

(c)                                   “Shares” means the equal proportionate transferable units of interest into which the beneficial interest in the Trust or in the Trust property belonging to any Series of the Trust or in any class of Shares of the Trust (as the context may require) shall be divided from time to time;

 

(d)                                  “Shareholder” means a record owner of Shares;

 

(e)                                   “1940 Act” refers to the Investment Company Act of 1940 and the Rules and Regulations thereunder, all as amended from time to time;

 

(f)                                     The terms “affiliated person”, “assignment”, “Commission”, “interested person” and “principal underwriter” shall have the meanings given them in the 1940 Act;

 

(g)                                  “Declaration of Trust” or “Declaration” shall mean this Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust, as amended or restated from time to time;

 

(h)                                  “By-Laws” shall mean the Amended and Restated By-Laws of the Trust, as amended from time to time;

 

(i)                                      “Series Company” refers to the form of registered open-end investment company described in Section 18(f)(2) of the 1940 Act or in any successor statutory provision;

 

(j)                                      “Series” refers to Series of Shares established and designated under or in accordance with the provisions of Article III;

 

(k)                                   “Multi-Class Series” refers to Series of Shares established and designated as Multi-Class Series under or in accordance with the provisions of Article III, Section 6; and

 

(l)                                      The terms “class” and “class of Shares” refer to each class of Shares into which the Shares of any Multi-Class Series may from time to time be divided in accordance with the provisions of Article III.

 

ARTICLE II

 

Purpose of Trust

 

The purpose of the Trust is to engage in the business of a management investment company.

 

ARTICLE III

 

Shares

 

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Section 1.    Division of Beneficial Interest .  The Shares of the Trust shall be issued in one or more Series as the Trustees may, without shareholder approval, authorize.  Each Series shall be preferred over all other Series in respect of assets specifically allocated to that Series within the meaning of the 1940 Act and shall represent a separate investment portfolio of the Trust.  The beneficial interest in each Series shall at all times be divided into an unlimited number of Shares, par value $0.001 per share, each of which shall, except as provided in the following sentence, represent an equal proportionate interest in the Series with each other Share of the same Series, none having priority or preference over another.  The Trustees may, without Shareholder approval, divide the Shares of any Series into two or more classes, Shares of each such class having such preferences, voting powers and special or relative rights and privileges (including conversion rights, if any) as the Trustees may determine or as shall be set forth in the By-Laws. The number of Shares of each class or series authorized shall be unlimited except as the By-Laws may otherwise provide. The Trustees may from time to time divide or combine the Shares of any Series or Class into a greater or lesser number without thereby changing the proportionate beneficial interest in the Series or Class.

 

Section 2.    Ownership of Shares .  The ownership of Shares shall be recorded on the books of the Trust or a transfer or similar agent for the Trust, which books shall be maintained separately for the Shares of each Series and class.  No certificates certifying the ownership of Shares shall be issued except as the Trustees may otherwise determine from time to time.  The Trustees may make such rules as they consider appropriate for the transfer of Shares of each Series and class and similar matters.  The record books of the Trust as kept by the Trust or any transfer or similar agent, as the case may be, shall be conclusive as to who are the Shareholders of each Series and class and as to the number of Shares of each Series and class held from time to time by each.

 

Section 3.    Investments in the Trust .  The Trustees shall accept investments in the Trust from such persons and on such terms and for such consideration as they or the By-Laws from time to time authorize.

 

Section 4.    Status of Shares and Limitation of Personal Liability .  Shares shall be deemed to be personal property giving only the rights provided in this Declaration of Trust.  Every Shareholder by virtue of having become a Shareholder shall be held to have expressly assented and agreed to the terms hereof and to have become a party hereto.  The death of a Shareholder during the continuance of the Trust shall not operate to terminate the same nor entitle the representative of any deceased Shareholder to an accounting or to take any action in court or elsewhere against the Trust or the Trustees, but entitles such representative only to the rights of said deceased Shareholder under this Trust.  Ownership of Shares shall not entitle the Shareholder to any title in or to the whole or any part of the Trust property or right to call for a partition or division of the same or for an accounting, nor shall the ownership of Shares constitute the Shareholders partners.  Neither the Trust nor the Trustees, nor any officer, employee or agent of the Trust, shall have any power to bind personally any Shareholder, nor except as specifically provided herein to call upon any Shareholder for the payment of any sum of money or assessment whatsoever other than such as the Shareholder may at any time personally agree to pay.

 

3



 

Section 5.    Power of Trustees to Change Provisions Relating to Shares .  Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Declaration of Trust and without limiting the power of the Trustees to amend the Declaration of Trust as provided elsewhere herein, the Trustees shall have the power to amend this Declaration of Trust, at any time and from time to time, in such manner as the Trustees may determine in their sole discretion, without the need for Shareholder action, so as to add to, delete, replace or otherwise modify any provisions relating to the Shares contained in this Declaration of Trust for the purpose of responding to or complying with any regulations, orders, rulings or interpretations of any governmental agency or any laws, now or hereafter applicable to the Trust; provided that before adopting any such amendment without Shareholder approval the Trustees shall determine that it is consistent with the fair and equitable treatment of all Shareholders. The establishment and designation of any Series of Shares shall be effective upon the adoption by vote or written consent of a majority of the then Trustees of a resolution setting forth such establishment and designation and the relative rights and preferences of such Series, or as otherwise provided in such resolution.  The establishment and designation of any class of Shares shall be effective upon the adoption by vote or written consent of a majority of the then Trustees of a resolution setting forth such establishment and designation and the relative rights and preferences of such class and such eligibility requirements for investment therein as the Trustees may determine, or as otherwise provided in such resolution.

 

Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Trustees shall have the power to, and may, without the approval of Shareholders, for the above-stated purposes, amend the Declaration of Trust to:

 

(a)                                   create one or more Series or classes of Shares (in addition to any Series or classes already existing or otherwise) with such rights and preferences and such eligibility requirements for investment therein as the Trustees shall determine and reclassify any or all outstanding Shares as shares of particular Series or classes in accordance with such eligibility requirements;

 

(b)                                  amend any of the provisions set forth in paragraphs (a) through (j) of Section 6 of this Article III;

 

(c)                                   combine one or more Series or classes of Shares into a single Series or class on such terms and conditions as the Trustees shall determine or consolidate, merge or transfer assets of the Trust or a Series as set forth in Article VIII, Section 5;

 

(d)                                  change or eliminate any eligibility requirements for investment in Shares of any Series or class, including without limitation the power to provide for the issue of Shares of any Series or class in connection with any merger or consolidation of the Trust with another trust or company or any acquisition by the Trust of part or all of the assets of another trust or company;

 

(e)                                   change the designation of any Series or class of Shares;

 

4



 

(f)                                     change the method of allocating dividends among the various Series and classes of Shares;

 

(g)                                  allocate any specific assets or liabilities of the Trust or any specific items of income or expense of the Trust to one or more Series or classes of Shares; and

 

(h)                                  specifically allocate assets to any or all Series of Shares or create one or more additional Series of Shares which are preferred over all other Series of Shares in respect of assets specifically allocated thereto or any dividends paid by the Trust with respect to any net income, however determined, earned from the investment and reinvestment of any assets so allocated or otherwise and provide for any special voting or other rights with respect to such Series or any classes of Shares thereof.

 

Section 6.    Establishment and Designation of Series and Classes .

 

Shares of each Series shall have such rights and preferences relative to Shares of each other Series, and Shares of each class of a Multi-Class Series shall have such rights and preferences relative to other classes of the same Series, as are set forth below, together with such other rights and preferences as are set forth in any resolution of the Trustees establishing and designating such Series or class of Shares:

 

(a)                                   Assets belonging to Series .  Subject to the provisions of paragraph (c) of this Section 6:

 

All consideration received by the Trust for the issue or sale of Shares of a particular Series, together with all assets in which such consideration is invested or reinvested, all income, earnings, profits and proceeds thereof from whatever source derived, including, without limitation, any proceeds derived from the sale, exchange or liquidation of such assets, and any funds or payments derived from any reinvestment of such proceeds in whatever form the same may be, shall irrevocably belong to that Series for all purposes, subject only to the rights of creditors of that Series, and shall be so recorded upon the books of account of the Trust.  Such consideration, assets, income, earnings, profits and proceeds thereof, from whatever source derived, including, without limitation, any proceeds derived from the sale, exchange or liquidation of such assets, and any funds or payments derived from any reinvestment of such proceeds, in whatever form the same may be, are herein referred to as “assets belonging to” that Series.  In the event that there are any assets, income, earnings, profits and proceeds thereof, funds or payments which are not readily identifiable as belonging to any particular Series (collectively “General Assets”), the Trustees shall allocate such General Assets to, between or among any one or more of the Series established and designated from time to time in such manner and on such basis as they, in their sole discretion, deem fair and equitable, and any General Asset so allocated to a particular Series shall belong to that Series.  Each such allocation by the Trustees shall be conclusive and binding upon the Shareholders of all Series for all purposes.

 

(b)                                  Liabilities Belonging to Series .  Subject to the provisions of paragraph (c) of this Section 6:

 

5



 

The assets belonging to each particular Series shall be charged solely with the liabilities of the Trust in respect to that Series, the expenses, costs, charges and reserves attributable to that Series, and any general liabilities of the Trust which are not readily identifiable as belonging to any particular Series but which are allocated and charged by the Trustees to and among any one or more of the Series established and designated from time to time in a manner and on such basis as the Trustees in their sole discretion deem fair and equitable.  The liabilities, expenses, costs, charges and reserves so charged to a Series are herein referred to as “liabilities belonging to” that Series.  Each allocation of liabilities, expenses, costs, charges and reserves by the Trustees shall be conclusive and binding upon the Shareholders of all Series for all purposes.

 

(c)                                   Apportionment of Assets etc. in Case of Multi-Class Series .  In the case of any Multi-Class Series, to the extent necessary or appropriate to give effect to the relative rights and preferences of any classes of Shares of such Series, (i) any assets, income, earnings, profits, proceeds, liabilities, expenses, charges, costs and reserves belonging or attributable to that Series may be allocated or attributed to a particular class of Shares of that Series or apportioned among two or more classes of Shares of that Series; and (ii) Shares of any class of such Series may have priority or preference over Shares of other classes of such Series with respect to dividends or distributions upon termination of the Trust or of such Series or class or otherwise, provided that no Share shall have any priority or preference over any other Shares of the same class and that all dividends and distributions to Shareholders of a particular class shall be made ratably among all Shareholders of such class according to the number of Shares of such class held of record by such Shareholders on the record date for any dividend or distribution or on the date of termination, as the case may be.

 

(d)                                  Dividends, Distributions, Redemptions and Repurchases .  Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Declaration, including, without limitation, Article VI, no dividend or distribution (including, without limitation, any distribution paid upon termination of the Trust or of any Series or class) with respect to, nor any redemption or repurchase of, the Shares of any Series or class shall be effected by the Trust other than from the assets belonging to such Series or attributable to such class, nor shall any Shareholder of any particular Series or class otherwise have any right or claim against the assets belonging to any other Series or attributable to any other class except to the extent that such Shareholder has such a right or claim hereunder as a Shareholder of such other Series or class.

 

(e)                                   Voting .  Notwithstanding any of the other provisions of this Declaration, including, without limitation, Section 1 of Article V, and except to the extent required by applicable law, the Shareholders of any particular Series or class shall not be entitled to vote on any matters as to which such Series or class is not affected.  On any matter submitted to a vote of Shareholders, all Shares of the Trust then entitled to vote shall, except as otherwise provided in the By-Laws, be voted in the aggregate as a single class without regard to Series or class of Shares, except that (1) when required by the 1940 Act or when the Trustees shall have determined that the matter affects one or more Series or

 

6



 

classes of Shares materially differently, Shares shall be voted by individual Series or class and (2) when the matter affects only the interests of one or more Series or classes, only Shareholders of such Series or classes shall be entitled to vote thereon.  There shall be no cumulative voting in the election of Trustees.

 

(f)                                     Equality .  Except to the extent necessary or appropriate to give effect to the relative rights and preferences of any classes of Shares of a Multi-Class Series, all the Shares of each particular Series shall represent an equal proportionate interest in the assets belonging to that Series (subject to the liabilities belonging to that Series), and each Share of any particular Series shall be equal to each other Share of that Series.  All the Shares of each particular class of Shares within a Multi-Class Series shall represent an equal proportionate interest in the assets belonging to such Series that are attributable to such class (subject to the liabilities attributable to such class), and each Share of any particular class within a Multi-Class Series shall be equal to each other Share of such class.

 

(g)                                  Fractions .  Any fractional Share of a Series or class shall carry proportionately all the rights and obligations of a whole Share of that Series or class, including rights with respect to voting, receipt of dividends and distributions, redemption of Shares and termination of the Trust.

 

(h)                                  Exchange Privilege .  The Trustees shall have the authority to provide that the holders of Shares of any Series or class shall have the right to exchange said Shares for Shares of one or more other Series or classes of Shares in accordance with such requirements and procedures as may be established by the Trustees.

 

(i)                                      Combination of Series or Classes .  Without limiting the authority of the Trustees set forth in Article VIII, Section 5, the Trustees shall have the authority, without the approval of the Shareholders of any Series or class unless otherwise required by applicable law, to combine the assets and liabilities belonging to any two or more Series or attributable to any class into assets and liabilities belonging to a single Series or attributable to a single class.

 

(j)                                      Elimination of Series or Class .  At any time that there are no Shares outstanding of any particular Series previously established and designated, the Trustees may abolish and rescind the establishment and designation of that Series by vote or written consent of a majority of the then Trustees.  At any time that there are no Shares outstanding of any particular class previously established and designated of a Multi-Class Series, the Trustees may abolish that class and rescind the establishment and designation thereof by vote or written consent of a majority of the then Trustees.

 

Section 7.    Indemnification of Shareholders .  In case any Shareholder or former Shareholder shall be held to be personally liable solely by reason of his or her being or having been a Shareholder of the Trust or of a particular Series or class and not because of his or her acts or omissions or for some other reason, the Shareholder or former Shareholder (or his or her heirs, executors, administrators or other legal representatives

 

7



 

or, in the case of a corporation or other entity, its corporate or other general successor) shall be entitled out of the assets of the Series (or attributable to the class) of which he or she is a Shareholder or former Shareholder to be held harmless from and indemnified against all loss and expense arising from such liability.

 

Section 8.    No Preemptive Rights .  Shareholders shall have no preemptive or other right to subscribe to any additional Shares or other securities issued by the Trust.

 

Section 9.    Derivative Claims; Direct Claims .  No Shareholder shall have the right to bring or maintain any court action, proceeding or claim on behalf of the Trust or any Series without first making demand on the Trustees requesting the Trustees to bring or maintain such action, proceeding or claim. Such demand shall not be excused under any circumstances, including claims of alleged interest on the part of the Trustees, unless the plaintiff makes a specific showing that irreparable nonmonetary injury to the Trust or series or class of Shares would otherwise result. Such demand shall be mailed to the Secretary of the Trust at the Trust’s principal office and shall set forth in reasonable detail the nature of the proposed court action, proceeding or claim and the essential facts relied upon by the Shareholder to support the allegations made in the demand.  The Trustees shall consider such demand within 45 days of its receipt by the Trust.  In their sole discretion, the Trustees may submit the matter to a vote of Shareholders of the Trust or Series or class of Shares, as appropriate.  Any decision by the Trustees to bring, maintain or settle (or not to bring, maintain or settle) such court action, proceeding or claim, or to submit the matter to a vote of Shareholders, shall be made by the Trustees in their business judgment and shall be binding upon the Shareholders.

 

No class of Shareholders shall have the right to bring or maintain a direct action or claim for monetary damages against the Trust or the Trustees predicated upon an express or implied right of action under this Declaration of Trust or the 1940 Act (excepting rights of action permitted under section 36(b) of the 1940 Act), nor shall any single Shareholder who is similarly situated to one or more other Shareholders with respect to the alleged injury have the right to bring such an action, unless the class of Shareholders or Shareholder has obtained authorization from the Trustees to bring the action.  The requirement of authorization shall not be excused under any circumstances, including claims of alleged interest on the part of the Trustees.  A request for authorization shall be mailed to the Secretary of the Trust at the Trust’s principal office and shall set forth with particularity the nature of the proposed court action, proceeding or claim and the essential facts relied upon by the class of Shareholders or Shareholder to support the allegations made in the request.  The Trustees shall consider such request within 45 days of its receipt by the Trust.  In their sole discretion, the Trustees may submit the matter to a vote of Shareholders of the Trust or Series or class of Shares, as appropriate.  Any decision by the Trustees to settle or to authorize (or not to settle or to authorize) such court action, proceeding or claim, or to submit the matter to a vote of Shareholders, shall be made in their business judgment and shall be binding on all Shareholders.

 

ARTICLE IV

 

8



 

The Trustees

 

Section 1.    Election and Tenure .  The Trustees may fix the number of Trustees, fill vacancies in the Trustees, including vacancies arising from an increase in the number of Trustees, or remove Trustees with or without cause.  Each Trustee shall serve during the continued lifetime of the Trust until he or she dies, resigns or is removed, or, if sooner, until the next meeting of Shareholders called for the purpose of electing Trustees and until the election and qualification of his or her successor.  Any Trustee may resign at any time by written instrument signed by him or her and delivered to any officer of the Trust or to a meeting of the Trustees.  Such resignation shall be effective upon receipt unless specified to be effective at some other time.  Except to the extent expressly provided in a written agreement with the Trust, no Trustee resigning and no Trustee removed shall have any right to any compensation for any period following his or her resignation or removal, or any right to damages on account of such removal.  The Shareholders may fix the number of Trustees and elect Trustees at any meeting of Shareholders called by the Trustees for that purpose and to the extent required by applicable law, including paragraphs (a) and (b) of Section 16 of the 1940 Act.

 

Section 2.    Effect of Death, Resignation, etc. of a Trustee .  The death, declination, resignation, retirement, removal or incapacity of the Trustees, or any of them, shall not operate to annul the Trust or to revoke any existing agency created pursuant to the terms of this Declaration of Trust.

 

Section 3.    Powers .  Subject to the provisions of this Declaration of Trust, the business of the Trust shall be managed by the Trustees, and they shall have all powers necessary or convenient to carry out that responsibility including the power to engage in securities or investment transactions of all kinds on behalf of the Trust.  Without limiting the foregoing, the Trustees may adopt By-Laws not inconsistent with this Declaration of Trust providing for the regulation and management of the affairs of the Trust and may amend and repeal them to the extent that such By-Laws do not reserve that right to the Shareholders; they may elect and remove such officers and appoint and terminate such agents as they consider appropriate; they may appoint from their own number and terminate one or more committees consisting of one or more Trustees which may exercise the powers and authority of the Trustees to the extent that the Trustees determine; they may employ one or more custodians of the assets of the Trust and may authorize such custodians to employ sub-custodians and to deposit all or any part of such assets in a system or systems for the central handling of securities or with a Federal Reserve Bank, retain a transfer agent or a shareholder servicing agent, or both, provide for the distribution of Shares by the Trust, through one or more principal underwriters or otherwise, set record dates for the determination of Shareholders with respect to various matters, and in general delegate such authority as they consider desirable to any officer of the Trust, including the ability to set record dates, to any committee of the Trustees and to any agent or employee of the Trust or to any such custodian or underwriter.  In addition to the foregoing, the Trustees of the Trust who are not “interested persons” (as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act) of the Trust shall have the power to hire employees and other agents and experts necessary to carry out their duties, as determined by the Trustees of the Trust who are not interested persons of the Trust in their discretion.

 

9



 

Without limiting the foregoing, the Trustees shall have power and authority:

 

(a)  To invest and reinvest cash, and to hold cash uninvested;

 

(b)  To sell, exchange, lend, pledge, mortgage, hypothecate, lease, write options with respect to or otherwise deal in any property rights relating to any or all of the assets of the Trust;

 

(c)  To vote or give assent, or exercise any rights of ownership, with respect to stock or other securities or property; and to execute and deliver proxies or powers of attorney to such person or persons as the Trustees shall deem proper, granting to such person or persons such power and discretion with relation to securities or property as the Trustees shall deem proper;

 

(d)  To exercise powers and rights of subscription or otherwise which in any manner arise out of ownership of securities or other property;

 

(e)  To hold any security or property in a form not indicating any trust, whether in bearer, unregistered or other negotiable form, or in its own name or in the name of a custodian or sub-custodian or a nominee or nominees or otherwise;

 

(f)  To consent to or participate in any plan for the reorganization, consolidation or merger of any corporation or issuer of any security which is held in the Trust; to consent to any contract, lease, mortgage, purchase or sale of property by such corporation or issuer; and to pay calls or subscriptions with respect to any security held in the Trust;

 

(g)  To join with other security holders in acting through a committee, depositary, voting trustee or otherwise, and in that connection to deposit any security with, or transfer any security to, any such committee, depositary or trustee, and to delegate to them such power and authority with relation to any security (whether or not so deposited or transferred) as the Trustees shall deem proper, and to agree to pay, and to pay, such portion of the expenses and compensation of such committee, depositary or trustee as the Trustees shall deem proper;

 

(h)  To compromise, arbitrate or otherwise adjust claims in favor of or against the Trust or any matter in controversy, including but not limited to claims for taxes;

 

(i)  To enter into joint ventures, general or limited partnerships and any other combinations or associations;

 

(j)  To borrow funds or other property;

 

(k)  To endorse or guarantee the payment of any notes or other obligations of any person; and to make contracts of guaranty or suretyship, or otherwise assume liability for payment of such notes or other obligations;

 

(l)  To purchase and pay for entirely out of Trust property such insurance as they may deem necessary or appropriate for the conduct of the business of the Trust,

 

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including, without limitation, insurance policies insuring the assets of the Trust and payment of distributions and principal on its portfolio investments, and insurance policies insuring the Shareholders, Trustees (or any group of Trustees), officers, employees, agents, investment advisers, principal underwriters or independent contractors of the Trust individually against all claims and liabilities of every nature arising by reason of holding, being or having held any such office or position, or by reason of any action alleged to have been taken or omitted by any such person as Trustee, officer, employee, agent, investment adviser, principal underwriter or independent contractor, including any action taken or omitted that may be determined to constitute negligence, whether or not the Trust would have the power to indemnify such person against liability; and

 

(m)  To pay pensions as deemed appropriate by the Trustees and to adopt, establish and carry out pension, profit-sharing, share bonus, share purchase, savings, thrift and other retirement, incentive and benefit plans, trusts and provisions, including the purchasing of life insurance and annuity contracts as a means of providing such retirement and other benefits, for any or all of the Trustees, officers, employees and agents of the Trust.

 

The Trustees shall not in any way be bound or limited by any present or future law or custom in regard to investments by Trustees.  The Trustees shall not be required to obtain any court order to deal with any assets of the Trust or take any other action hereunder. Except as otherwise provided herein or from time to time in the By-Laws, any action to be taken by the Trustees may be taken by a majority of the Trustees present at a meeting of the Trustees (a quorum being present), within or without Massachusetts, including any meeting held by means of a conference telephone or other communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other at the same time and participation by such means shall constitute presence in person at a meeting, or by written consent of a majority of the Trustees then in office.

 

Section 4.    Payment of Expenses by the Trust .  The Trustees are authorized to pay or cause to be paid out of the principal or income of the Trust, or partly out of principal and partly out of income, as they deem fair, all expenses, fees, charges, taxes and liabilities incurred or arising in connection with the Trust, or in connection with the management thereof, including but not limited to, the Trustees’ compensation and such expenses and charges for the services of the Trust’s officers, employees, administrators, investment advisers or managers, principal underwriter, auditor, counsel, custodian, transfer agent, shareholder servicing agent, and such other agents or independent contractors, and such other expenses and charges, as the Trustees may deem necessary or proper to incur.

 

Section 5.    Payment of Expenses by Shareholders .  The Trustees shall have the power, as frequently as they may determine, to cause each Shareholder, or each Shareholder of any particular Series or class, to pay directly, in advance or arrears, for charges of the Trust’s custodian or transfer, shareholder servicing or similar agent, an amount fixed from time to time by the Trustees, by setting off such charges due from such Shareholder from declared but unpaid dividends owed such Shareholder and/or by

 

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reducing the number of Shares in the account of such Shareholder by that number of full and/or fractional Shares which represents the outstanding amount of such charges due from such Shareholder.

 

Section 6.    Ownership of Assets of the Trust .  Title to all of the assets of the Trust shall at all times be considered as vested in the Trustees.

 

Section 7.    Advisory, Management and Distribution Contracts .  Subject to such requirements and restrictions as may be set forth in the By-Laws, the Trustees may, at any time and from time to time, contract for exclusive or nonexclusive advisory and/or management services for the Trust or for any Series or class with any corporation, trust, association or other organization (a “Manager”); and any such contract may contain such other terms as the Trustees may determine, including without limitation, authority for a Manager to determine from time to time without prior consultation with the Trustees what investments shall be purchased, held, sold or exchanged and what portion, if any, of the assets of the Trust shall be held uninvested and to make changes in the Trust’s investments.  The Trustees may also, at any time and from time to time, contract with a Manager or any other corporation, trust, association or other organization, appointing it exclusive or nonexclusive distributor or principal underwriter for the Shares, every such contract to comply with such requirements and restrictions as may be set forth in the By-Laws; and any such contract may contain such other terms as the Trustees may determine.

 

The fact that:

 

(i)  any of the Shareholders, Trustees or officers of the Trust is a shareholder, director, officer, partner, trustee, employee, manager, adviser, principal underwriter, distributor or affiliate or agent of or for any corporation, trust, association or other organization, or of or for any parent or affiliate of any organization, with which an advisory or management contract, or principal underwriter’s or distributor’s contract or transfer, shareholder servicing or other agency contract may have been or may hereafter be made, or that any such organization, or any parent or affiliate thereof, is a Shareholder or has an interest in the Trust, or that

 

(ii)  any corporation, trust, association or other organization with which an advisory or management contract or principal underwriter’s or distributor’s contract, or transfer, shareholder servicing, custodian or other agency contract may have been or may hereafter be made also has an advisory or management contract, or principal underwriter’s or distributor’s contract or transfer, shareholder servicing, custodian or other agency contract with one or more other corporations, trusts, associations or other organizations, or has other business or interests

 

shall not affect the validity of any such contract or disqualify any Shareholder, Trustee or officer of the Trust from voting upon or executing the same or create any liability or accountability to the Trust or its Shareholders.

 

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ARTICLE V

 

Shareholders’ Voting Powers and Meetings

 

Section 1.    Voting Powers .  The Shareholders shall have power to vote only (i) for the election of Trustees as provided in Article IV, Section 1, (ii) with respect to any amendment of this Declaration of Trust to the extent and as provided in Article VIII, Section 8, (iii) to the extent provided in Article III, Section 9 as to whether or not a court action, proceeding or claim should or should not be brought or maintained derivatively or as a class action on behalf of the Trust or the Shareholders, (iv) with respect to the termination of the Trust or any Series or class to the extent and as provided in Article VIII, Section 4, (v) to remove Trustees from office to the extent and as provided in Article V, Section 6 and (vi) with respect to such additional matters relating to the Trust as may be required by this Declaration of Trust, the By-Laws or any registration of the Trust with the Commission (or any successor agency) or any state, or as the Trustees may consider necessary or desirable.  The number of votes that each whole or fractional Share shall be entitled to vote as to any matter on which it is entitled to vote shall be as specified in the By-Laws.  There shall be no cumulative voting in the election of Trustees.  Shares may be voted in person or by proxy.  A proxy with respect to Shares held in the name of two or more persons shall be valid if executed by any one of them unless at or prior to exercise of the proxy the Trust receives a specific written notice to the contrary from any one of them.  A proxy purporting to be executed by or on behalf of a Shareholder shall be deemed valid unless challenged at or prior to its exercise and the burden of proving invalidity shall rest on the challenger.  At any time when no Shares of a Series or class are outstanding the Trustees may exercise all rights of Shareholders of that Series or class with respect to matters affecting that Series or class and may with respect to that Series or class take any action required by law, this Declaration of Trust or the By-Laws to be taken by the Shareholders thereof.

 

Section 2.    Voting Power and Meetings .  Meetings of the Shareholders may be called by the Trustees for the purpose of electing Trustees as provided in Article IV, Section 1 and for such other purposes as may be prescribed by law, by this Declaration of Trust or by the By-Laws.  Meetings of the Shareholders may also be called by the Trustees from time to time for the purpose of taking action upon any other matter deemed by the Trustees to be necessary or desirable.  A meeting of Shareholders may be held at any place within or outside the Commonwealth of Massachusetts designated by the Trustees.  Notice of any meeting of Shareholders, stating the time and place of the meeting, shall be given or caused to be given by the Trustees to each Shareholder by mailing such notice, postage prepaid, at least seven days before such meeting, at the Shareholder’s address as it appears on the records of the Trust, or by facsimile or other electronic transmission, at least seven days before such meeting, to the telephone or facsimile number or e-mail or other electronic address most recently furnished to the Trust (or its agent) by the Shareholder.  Whenever notice of a meeting is required to be given to a Shareholder under this Declaration of Trust or the By-Laws, a written waiver thereof, executed before or after the meeting by such Shareholder or his attorney thereunto authorized and filed with the records of the meeting, shall be deemed equivalent to such notice.

 

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Section 3.    Quorum and Required Vote .  Except when a larger quorum is required by law, by the By-Laws or by this Declaration of Trust, 30% of the Shares entitled to vote shall constitute a quorum at a Shareholders’ meeting.  When any one or more Series or classes is to vote as a single class separate from any other Shares which are to vote on the same matters as a separate class or classes, 30% of the Shares of each such class entitled to vote shall constitute a quorum at a Shareholders’ meeting of that class.  Any meeting of Shareholders may be adjourned from time to time by a majority of the votes properly cast upon the question, whether or not a quorum is present, and the meeting may be held as adjourned within a reasonable time after the date set for the original meeting without further notice.  When a quorum is present at any meeting, a majority of the Shares voted shall decide any questions and a plurality shall elect a Trustee, except when a larger vote is required by any provision of this Declaration of Trust or the By-Laws or by law.  If any question on which the Shareholders are entitled to vote would adversely affect the rights of any Series or class of Shares, the vote of a majority (or such larger vote as is required as aforesaid) of the Shares of such Series or class which are entitled to vote, voting separately, shall also be required to decide such question.

 

Section 4.    Action by Written Consent .  Any action taken by Shareholders may be taken without a meeting if Shareholders holding a majority of the Shares entitled to vote on the matter (or such larger proportion thereof as shall be required by any express provision of this Declaration of Trust or by the By-Laws or by law) and holding a majority (or such larger proportion as aforesaid) of the Shares of any Series or class entitled to vote separately on the matter consent to the action in writing and such written consents are filed with the records of the meetings of Shareholders.  Such consent shall be treated for all purposes as a vote taken at a meeting of Shareholders.

 

Section 5.    Additional Provisions .  The By-Laws may include further provisions for Shareholders’ votes and meetings and related matters.

 

Section 6.   Removal of Trustees .  No natural person shall serve as Trustee after the holders of record of not less than two-thirds of the outstanding Shares have declared that such Trustee be removed from that office either by declaration in writing filed with the Trust’s custodian or by votes cast in person or by proxy at a meeting called for the purpose.  The Trustees shall call a meeting of Shareholders for the purpose of voting upon the question of removal of any Trustee to the extent required by the 1940 Act.

 

ARTICLE VI

 

Net Income, Distributions, and Redemptions and Repurchases

 

Section 1.    Distributions of Net Income .  The Trustees may each year, or more frequently if they so determine, distribute to the Shareholders of each Series out of the assets of such Series such amounts as the Trustees may determine.  Except as otherwise permitted by Section 6 of Article III in the case of Multi-Class Series, all dividends and distributions on Shares of a particular Series shall be distributed pro rata to the holders of that Series in proportion to the number of Shares of that Series held by such holders and

 

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recorded on the books of the Trust at the date and time of record established for the payment of such dividend or distributions.

 

The manner of determining net income, income, asset values, capital gains, expenses, liabilities and reserves of any Series or class may from time to time be altered as necessary or desirable in the judgment of the Trustees to conform such manner of determination to any other method prescribed or permitted by applicable law.  Net income shall be determined by the Trustees or by such person as they may authorize at the times and in the manner provided in the By-Laws or otherwise.  Determinations of net income of any Series or class and determinations of income, asset value, capital gains, expenses and liabilities made by the Trustees, or by such person as they may authorize, in good faith, shall be binding on all parties concerned.  The foregoing sentence shall not be construed to protect any Trustee, officer or agent of the Trust against any liability to the Trust or its security holders to which he or she would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his or her office.

 

If, for any reason, the net income of any Series or class determined at any time is a negative amount, the pro rata share of such negative amount allocable to each Shareholder of such Series or class shall constitute a liability of such Shareholder to that Series or class which shall be paid out of such Shareholder’s account at such times and in such manner as the Trustees may from time to time determine (x) out of the accrued dividend account of such Shareholder, (y) by reducing the number of Shares of that Series or class in the account of such Shareholder or (z) otherwise.

 

Section 2.    Redemptions and Repurchases .  The Trust shall purchase such Shares as are offered by any Shareholder for redemption, upon a request directed to the Trust or a person designated by the Trust that the Trust purchase such Shares or in accordance with such other procedures for redemption as the Trustees may from time to time authorize; and the Trust will pay therefor the net asset value thereof, as determined in accordance with the By-Laws, next determined.  Payment for said Shares shall be made by the Trust to the Shareholder within seven days after the date on which the request is made.  The obligation set forth in this Section 2 is subject to the provision that in the event that any time the New York Stock Exchange is closed for other than weekends or holidays, or if permitted by the rules of the Commission during periods when trading on the New York Stock Exchange is restricted or during any emergency which makes it impracticable for the Trust to dispose of the investments of the applicable Series or to determine fairly the value of the net assets belonging to such Series or attributable to any class thereof or during any other period permitted by order of the Commission for the protection of investors or applicable law, such obligations may be suspended or postponed by the Trustees.  The Trust may also purchase or repurchase Shares at a price not exceeding the net asset value of such Shares in effect when the purchase or repurchase or any contract to purchase or repurchase is made.

 

The redemption price may in any case or cases be paid wholly or partly in kind if the Trustees determine that such payment is advisable in the interest of the remaining Shareholders of the Series the Shares of which are being redeemed.  The fair value,

 

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selection and quantity of any securities or other property so paid or delivered as all or part of the redemption price may be determined by or under authority of the Trustees.  In no case shall the Trust be liable for any delay of any corporation or other person in transferring securities selected for delivery as all or part of any payment in kind.

 

Section 3.    Redemptions at the Option of the Trust .  The Trust shall have the right at its option and at any time to redeem Shares of any Shareholder at the net asset value thereof:  (i) if at such time such Shareholder owns Shares of any Series or class having an aggregate net asset value of less than an amount determined from time to time by the Trustees; (ii) to the extent that such Shareholder owns Shares equal to or in excess of a percentage determined from time to time by the Trustees of the outstanding Shares of the Trust or of any Series or class; (iii) if the Trustees determine that such Shareholder is engaging in conduct that is harmful to the Trust or any Series or class; or (iv) if the Trustees otherwise determine such redemption to be necessary or appropriate.

 

ARTICLE VII

 

Compensation and Limitation of Liability of Trustees; Indemnification

 

Section 1.    Compensation .  The Trustees as such shall be entitled to reasonable compensation from the Trust; they may fix the amount of their compensation.  Nothing herein shall in any way prevent the employment of any Trustee for advisory, management, legal, accounting, investment banking or other services and payment for the same by the Trust.

 

Section 2.    Limitation of Liability .  No Trustee, officer, employee or agent of the Trust shall be subject to any liability whatsoever to any person in connection with Trust property or the affairs of the Trust, and no Trustee shall be responsible or liable in any event for any neglect or wrongdoing of any officer, agent, employee, Manager or principal underwriter of the Trust or for the act or omission of any other Trustee.   For the sake of clarification and without limiting the foregoing, the appointment, designation or identification of a Trustee as the chairman of the Board, the lead or assistant lead independent Trustee, a member or chairman of a committee of the Board, an expert on any topic or in any area (including an audit committee financial expert) or as having any other special appointment, designation or identification shall not (a) impose on that person any duty, obligation or liability that is greater than the duties, obligations and liabilities imposed on that person as a Trustee in the absence of the appointment, designation or identification or (b) affect in any way such Trustee’s rights or entitlement to indemnification, and no Trustee who has special skills or expertise, or is appointed, designated or identified as aforesaid, shall (x) be held to a higher standard of care by virtue thereof or (y) be limited with respect to any indemnification to which such Trustee would otherwise be entitled.  Nothing in this Declaration of Trust, including without limitation anything in this Article VII, Section 2, shall protect any Trustee, officer, employee or agent of the Trust against any liabilities to the Trust or its Shareholders to which he, she or it would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad

 

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faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his, her or its office or position with or on behalf of the Trust.

 

Every note, bond, contract, instrument, certificate or undertaking and every other act or thing whatsoever issued, executed or done by or on behalf of the Trust or the Trustees or any of them in connection with the Trust shall be conclusively deemed to have been issued, executed or done only in or with respect to their or his or her capacity as Trustees or Trustee, and such Trustees or Trustee shall not be personally liable thereon.

 

Section 3.    Indemnification Generally .  The Trust shall indemnify each of its Trustees and officers (including persons who serve at the Trust’s request as directors, officers or trustees of another organization in which the Trust has any interest as a shareholder, creditor or otherwise) (hereinafter referred to as a “Covered Person”) against all liabilities and expenses, including but not limited to amounts paid in satisfaction of judgments, in compromise or as fines and penalties, and counsel fees reasonably incurred by any Covered Person in connection with the defense or disposition of any action, suit or other proceeding, whether civil or criminal, before any court or administrative or legislative body, in which such Covered Person may be or may have been involved as a party or otherwise or with which such person may be or may have been threatened, while in office or thereafter, by reason of being or having been such a Covered Person, except with respect to any matter as to which such Covered Person shall have been finally adjudicated in a decision on the merits in any such action, suit or other proceeding not to have acted in good faith in the reasonable belief that such Covered Person’s action was in the best interests of the Trust and except that no Covered Person shall be indemnified against any liability to the Trust or its Shareholders to which such Covered Person would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of such Covered Person’s office.  Expenses, including counsel fees so incurred by any such Covered Person (but excluding amounts paid in satisfaction of judgments, in compromise or as fines or penalties), may be paid from time to time by the Trust in advance of the final disposition of any such action, suit or proceeding upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of such Covered Person to repay amounts so paid to the Trust if it is ultimately determined that indemnification of such expenses is not authorized under this Article VII, provided , that (a) such Covered Person shall provide security for his or her undertaking, (b) the Trust shall be insured against losses arising by reason of such Covered Person’s failure to fulfill his or her undertaking, or (c) a majority of the Trustees who are disinterested persons and who are not interested persons of the Trust (provided that a majority of such Trustees then in office act on the matter), or independent legal counsel in a written opinion, shall determine, based on a review of readily available facts (but not a full trial-type inquiry), that there is reason to believe such Covered Person ultimately will be entitled to indemnification.

 

Section 4.    Compromise Payment .  As to any matter disposed of (whether by a compromise payment, pursuant to a consent decree or otherwise) without an adjudication in a decision on the merits by a court, or by any other body before which the proceeding was brought, that such Covered Person either (a) did not act in good faith in the

 

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reasonable belief that such Covered Person’s action was in the best interests of the Trust or (b) is liable to the Trust or its Shareholders by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of such Covered Person’s office, indemnification shall be provided if (x) approved as in the best interest of the Trust, after notice that it involves such indemnification, by at least a majority of the Trustees who are disinterested persons and are not interested persons of the Trust (provided that a majority of such Trustees then in office act on the matter), upon a determination, based upon a review of readily available facts (but not a full trial-type inquiry) that such Covered Person acted in good faith in the reasonable belief that such Covered Person’s action was in the best interests of the Trust and is not liable to the Trust or its Shareholders by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of such Covered Person’s office, or (y) there has been obtained an opinion in writing of independent legal counsel, based upon a review of readily available facts (but not a full trial-type inquiry), to the effect that such Covered Person appears to have acted in good faith in the reasonable belief that such Covered Person’s action was in the best interests of the Trust and that such indemnification would not protect such Covered Person against any liability to the Trust to which such Covered Person would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his or her office.  Any approval pursuant to this Section 4 shall not prevent the recovery from any Covered Person of any amount paid to such Covered Person in accordance with this Section 4 as indemnification if such Covered Person is subsequently adjudicated by a court of competent jurisdiction not to have acted in good faith in the reasonable belief that such Covered Person’s action was in the best interests of the Trust or to have been liable to the Trust or its Shareholders by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of such Covered Person’s office.

 

Section 5.    Rebuttable Presumption .  For purposes of the determination or opinion referred to in clause (c) of Section 3 of this Article VII or clauses (x) or (y) of Section 4 of this Article VII, the majority of disinterested Trustees acting on the matter or independent legal counsel, as the case may be, shall be entitled to rely upon a rebuttable presumption that the Covered Person has not engaged in willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of such Covered Person’s office.

 

Section 6.    Indemnification Not Exclusive .  The right of indemnification hereby provided shall not be exclusive of or affect any other rights to which any such Covered Person may be entitled.  As used in this Article VII, the term “Covered Person” shall include such person’s heirs, executors and administrators, and a “disinterested person” is a person against whom none of the actions, suits or other proceedings in question or another action, suit or other proceeding on the same or similar grounds is then or has been pending.  Nothing contained in this Article VII shall affect any rights to indemnification to which personnel of the Trust, other than Trustees and officers, and other persons may be entitled by contract or otherwise under law, nor the power of the Trust to purchase and maintain liability insurance on behalf of such person.

 

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ARTICLE VIII

 

Miscellaneous

 

Section 1.    Trustees, Shareholders, etc. Not Personally Liable; Notice .  All persons extending credit to, contracting with or having any claim against the Trust or any Series or class shall look only to the assets of the Trust, or, to the extent that the liability of the Trust may have been expressly limited by contract to the assets of a particular Series or attributable to a particular class, only to the assets belonging to the relevant Series or attributable to the relevant class, for payment under such credit, contract or claim; and neither the Shareholders nor the Trustees, nor any of the Trust’s officers, employees or agents, whether past, present or future, shall be personally liable therefor.  Nothing in this Declaration of Trust shall protect any Trustee against any liability to which such Trustee would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of the office of Trustee.

 

Every note, bond, contract, instrument, certificate or undertaking made or issued on behalf of the Trust by the Trustees, by any officer or officers or otherwise shall give notice that this Declaration of Trust is on file with the Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts and shall recite that the same was executed or made by or on behalf of the Trust or by them as Trustee or Trustees or as officer or officers or otherwise and not individually and that the obligations of such instrument are not binding upon any of them or the Shareholders individually but are binding only upon the assets and property of the Trust or upon the assets belonging to the Series or attributable to the class for the benefit of which the Trustees have caused the note, bond, contract, instrument, certificate or undertaking to be made or issued, and may contain such further recital as he or she or they may deem appropriate, but the omission of any such recital shall not operate to bind any Trustee or Trustees or officer or officers or Shareholders or any other person individually.

 

Section 2.    Trustee’s Good Faith Action, Expert Advice, No Bond or Surety .  The exercise by the Trustees of their powers and discretions hereunder shall be binding upon everyone interested.  A Trustee shall be liable for his or her own willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of the office of Trustee, and for nothing else, and shall not be liable for errors of judgment or mistakes of fact or law.  The Trustees may take advice of counsel or other experts with respect to the meaning and operation of this Declaration of Trust, and shall be under no liability for any act or omission in accordance with such advice or for failing to follow such advice.  The Trustees shall not be required to give any bond as such, nor any surety if a bond is required.

 

Section 3.    Liability of Third Persons Dealing with Trustees .  No person dealing with the Trustees shall be bound to make any inquiry concerning the validity of any transaction made or to be made by the Trustees or to see to the application of any payments made or property transferred to the Trust or upon its order.

 

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Section 4.    Termination of Trust, Series or Class .  Unless terminated as provided herein, the Trust shall continue without limitation of time.  The Trust may be terminated at any time by vote of at least two-thirds of the Shares of each Series entitled to vote and voting separately by Series, or by the Trustees by written notice to the Shareholders.  Any Series or class may be terminated at any time by vote of at least two-thirds of the Shares of that Series or class, or by the Trustees by written notice to the Shareholders of that Series or class.  Nothing in this Declaration of Trust or the By-Laws shall restrict the power of the Trustees to terminate any Series or class of Shares by written notice to the Shareholders of such Series, whether or not such Shareholders have voted (or are proposed to vote) with respect to a merger, reorganization, sale of assets or similar transaction involving such Series or class of Shares.

 

Upon termination of the Trust (or any Series or class, as the case may be), after paying or otherwise providing for all charges, taxes, expenses and liabilities belonging, severally, to each Series (or the applicable Series or attributable to the particular class, as the case may be), whether due or accrued or anticipated as may be determined by the Trustees, the Trust shall, in accordance with such procedures as the Trustees consider appropriate, reduce the remaining assets belonging, severally, to each Series (or the applicable Series or attributable to the particular class, as the case may be), to distributable form in cash or shares or other securities, or any combination thereof, and distribute the proceeds belonging to each Series (or the applicable Series or attributable to the particular class, as the case may be), to the Shareholders of that Series (or class, as the case may be), as a Series (or class, as the case may be), ratably according to the number of Shares of that Series (or class, as the case may be) held by the several Shareholders on the date of termination.

 

Section 5.    Reorganizations .  The Trust, or any one or more Series of the Trust, may, either as the successor, survivor or non-survivor, (1) consolidate or merge with one or more other trusts, series, sub-trusts, partnerships, limited liability companies, associations or corporations organized under the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts or any other jurisdiction, to form a consolidated or merged trust, series, sub-trust, partnership, limited liability company, association or corporation under the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts or any other jurisdiction or (2) transfer all or a substantial portion of its assets to one or more other trusts, series, sub-trusts, partnerships, limited liability companies, associations or corporations organized under the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts or any other jurisdiction, or have one or more such trusts, series, sub-trusts, partnerships, limited liability companies, associations or corporations transfer all or a substantial portion of its assets to it, any such consolidation, merger or transfer to be upon such terms and conditions as are specified in an agreement and plan of reorganization authorized and approved by the Trustees and entered into by the Trust, or one or more Series, as the case may be, in connection therewith.  Unless otherwise required by applicable law, any such consolidation, merger or transfer may be authorized by vote of a majority of the Trustees then in office without the approval of Shareholders of the Trust or relevant Series.

 

Section 6.    Filing of Copies, Reference, Headings .  The original or a copy of this instrument and of each amendment hereto shall be kept at the office of the Trust where it

 

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may be inspected by any Shareholder.  A copy of this instrument and of each amendment hereto shall be filed by the Trust with the Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts and with any other governmental office where such filing may from time to time be required.  Anyone dealing with the Trust may rely on a certificate by an officer of the Trust as to whether or not any such amendments have been made and as to any matters in connection with the Trust hereunder; and, with the same effect as if it were the original, may rely on a copy certified by an officer of the Trust to be a copy of this instrument or of any such amendments.  In this instrument and in any such amendment, references to this instrument, and all expressions like “herein,” “hereof” and “hereunder,” shall be deemed to refer to this instrument as amended or affected by any such amendments.  Headings are placed herein for convenience of reference only and shall not be taken as a part hereof or to control or affect the meaning, construction or effect of this instrument.  This instrument may be executed in any number of counterparts each of which shall be deemed an original.

 

Section 7.    Applicable Law .  This Declaration of Trust is made in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, and it is created under and is to be governed by and construed and administered according to the laws of said Commonwealth.  The Trust shall be of the type commonly called a Massachusetts business trust, and, without limiting the provisions hereof, the Trust may exercise all powers which are ordinarily exercised by such a trust.

 

Section 8.    Amendments .  Except as specifically provided herein, the Trustees may without shareholder vote amend or otherwise supplement this Declaration of Trust by making an amendment, a Declaration of Trust supplemental hereto or an amended and restated Declaration of Trust.  Shareholders shall have the right to vote only (a) on any amendment that would affect their right to vote granted in Section 1 of Article V; (b) on any amendment to this Section 8; (c) on any amendment as may be required by law or by the Trust’s registration statement filed with the Commission; and (d) on any amendment submitted to them by the Trustees.  Any vote required or permitted to be submitted to Shareholders of one or more Series or classes that, as the Trustees determine, shall affect the Shareholders of one or more Series or classes shall be authorized by a vote of the Shareholders of each Series or class affected and no vote of shareholders of a Series or Class not affected shall be required.  No amendment to this Declaration of Trust or repeal of any provision hereof shall limit or eliminate the benefit provided to Trustees and officers under this Declaration of Trust in connection with any act or omission that occurred prior to such amendment or repeal.

 

Section 9.    Addresses .  The address of the Trust is c/o Ropes & Gray LLP, One International Place, Boston, Massachusetts 02110.  The address of each of the Trustees is c/o Ropes & Gray LLP, One International Place, Boston, Massachusetts 02110.

 

[Remainder of page intentionally left blank.]

 

21



 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has hereunto set his or her hand as of the day first above written.

 

 

 

Manu Bammi, Trustee

 

 

 

 

 

Michael W. Malafronte, Trustee

 

 

 

 

 

Adele R. Wailand, Trustee

 

 

22



 

STATE OF NEW YORK

)

 

 

:SS.:

 

COUNTY OF NEW YORK

)

 

 

On this 21st day of August, 2008, before me, the undersigned notary public, personally appeared Manu Bammi, Michael W. Malafronte and Adele R. Wailand, proved to me through satisfactory evidence of identification, to be the persons whose names are signed on the preceding document, and acknowledged to me that they signed it voluntarily for its stated purpose.

 

/s/ Dina Nizza

 

Notary Public

 

 

 

My commission expires:  9-8-2010

 

 

 

DINA NIZZA
Notary Public, State of New York
No. 01NI4869511
Qualified in Bronx County
Commission Expires September 8, 2010

 

 


Exhibit 99.(b)

 

Exhibit (b)

 

AMENDED AND RESTATED

BY-LAWS

OF

IVA FIDUCIARY TRUST

 

ARTICLE 1

 

Agreement and Declaration

of Trust and Principal Office

 

1.1            Agreement and Declaration of Trust .  These Amended and Restated By-Laws (the “By-Laws”) shall be subject to the Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust, as from time to time in effect (the “Declaration of Trust”), of IVA Fiduciary Trust (the “Trust”), the Massachusetts business trust established by the Declaration of Trust.

 

1.2            Principal Office of the Trust .  The principal office of the Trust shall be located in Boston, Massachusetts.

 

ARTICLE 2

 

Meetings of Trustees

 

2.1            Regular Meetings .  Regular meetings of the Trustees may be held without call or notice at such places and at such times as the Trustees may from time to time determine, provided that notice of the first regular meeting following any such determination shall be given to absent Trustees.

 

2.2            Special Meetings .  Special meetings of the Trustees may be held, at any time and at any place designated in the call of the meeting, when called by the Chairman of the Board, if any, the President, the Treasurer, any Vice President, the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary or by two or more Trustees, with sufficient notice thereof being given to each Trustee by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary or by the officer or the Trustees calling the meeting.

 

2.3            Notice .  It shall be sufficient notice to a Trustee of a special meeting to send notice of the time, date and place of such meeting by (a) mail or courier at least forty-eight hours in advance of the meeting; (b) by telegram, telefax, e-mail or by other electro-mechanical means addressed to the Trustee at his or her usual or last known business or residence address (or fax number or e-mail address as the case may be) at least twenty-four hours before the meeting; or (c) to give notice to him or her in person or by telephone at least twenty-four hours before the meeting.  Notice of a meeting need not be given to any Trustee if a written waiver of notice, executed by him or her before or after the meeting, is filed with the records of the meeting, or to any Trustee who attends the meeting without protesting prior thereto or at its commencement the lack of notice to him or her.  Except as required by law, neither notice of a meeting nor a waiver of a notice need specify the purposes of the meeting.

 

2.4            Quorum .  At any meeting of the Trustees a majority of the Trustees then in office shall constitute a quorum.  Any meeting may be adjourned from time to time by a majority of the

 



 

votes cast upon the question, whether or not a quorum is present, and the meeting may be held as adjourned without further notice to any Trustee who was present at the time of such adjournment; notice of the time and place of any adjourned session of any such meeting shall, however, be given in a manner provided in Section 2.3 of these By-Laws to each Trustee who was not present at the time of such adjournment.

 

2.5            Action by Vote .  When a quorum is present at any meeting, a majority of Trustees present may take any action, except when a larger vote is expressly required by law, by the Declaration of Trust or by these By-Laws.  Subject to applicable law, the Trustees by majority vote may delegate to any one of their number their authority to approve particular matters or take particular actions on behalf of the Trust.

 

2.6            Action by Writing .  Except as required by law, any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Trustees may be taken without a meeting if a majority of the Trustees (or such larger proportion thereof as shall be required by any express provision of the Declaration of Trust or these By-Laws) consent to the action in writing and such written consents are filed with the records of the meetings of the Trustees.  Such consent shall be treated for all purposes as a vote taken at a meeting of Trustees.  Written consents of the Trustees may be executed in one or more counterparts.  Execution of a written consent or waiver and delivery thereof to the Trust may be accomplished by telefax, e-mail or other electro-mechanical means.

 

2.7            Presence through Communications Equipment .  Except as required by applicable law, the Trustees may participate in a meeting of Trustees by means of a conference telephone or similar communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other at the same time, and participation by such means shall constitute presence in person at a meeting.

 

ARTICLE 3

 

Officers

 

3.1            Enumeration; Qualification . The officers of the Trust shall be a President, a Treasurer, a Secretary, an Assistant Treasurer, an Assistant Secretary, a Chief Compliance Officer, a Chief Legal Officer, an Anti-Money Laundering Officer and such other officers, if any, as the Trustees from time to time may in their discretion elect. The Trust may also have such agents as the Trustees from time to time may in their discretion appoint. If one or more Chairmen of the Board are elected, each such person shall be a Trustee and may, but need not be, a Shareholder, and shall be considered an officer of the Board of Trustees and not of the Trust. Any other officer may be, but none need be, a Trustee or Shareholder. Any two or more offices may be held by the same person.

 

3.2            Election and Tenure . The President, the Treasurer and the Secretary shall each be elected by the Trustees to serve until his or her successor is elected or qualified, or until he or she sooner dies, resigns, is removed or becomes disqualified. Other officers, if any, may be elected or appointed by the Trustees at said meeting or at any other time. The Chief Compliance Officer shall be elected or appointed by a majority of the Trustees, including a majority of the Trustees who are not interested persons (the “Independent Trustees”) of the Trust within the meaning of

 

2



 

the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder (the “1940 Act”), or otherwise in accordance with Rule 38a-1 (or any successor rule) under the 1940 Act, as such rule may be amended from time to time (“Rule 38a-1”). Vacancies in any office may be filled at any time. Each officer shall hold office and each agent shall retain authority at the pleasure of the Trustees, provided that any removal of the Chief Compliance Officer shall be in accordance with Rule 38a-1.

 

3.3            Powers . Subject to the other provisions of these By-Laws, each officer shall have, in addition to the duties and powers herein and set forth in the Declaration of Trust, such duties and powers as are commonly incident to the office occupied by him or her as if the Trust were organized as a Massachusetts business corporation and such other duties and powers as the Trustees may from time to time designate.

 

3.4            President and Vice Presidents . The President shall have the duties and powers specified in these By-Laws and shall have such other duties and powers as may be determined by the Trustees. Any Vice Presidents shall have such duties and powers as shall be designated from time to time by the Trustees.

 

3.5            Chief Executive Officer . The Chief Executive Officer of the Trust shall be the President or such other officer as is designated as such by the Trustees and shall, subject to the control of the Trustees, have general charge and supervision of the business of the Trust.

 

3.6            Chairman of the Board . If a Chairman of the Board of Trustees is elected, he or she shall have the duties and powers specified in these By-Laws and shall have such other duties and powers as may be determined by the Trustees. Except as the Trustees or the By-Laws shall otherwise determine or provide, the Chairman will preside at all meetings of the Shareholders and of the Trustees. Except as the Trustees otherwise determine, if the Chairman is absent for a meeting of the Shareholders, the President of the Trust or such other officer of the Trust as is designated by the President shall preside.  If the Trustees determine to have two or more Co-Chairmen of the Board, the duties of Chairman (including presiding at meetings of the Trustees) shall be shared among the Co-Chairmen in such manner as the Trustees may from time to time determine.

 

3.7            Treasurer; Assistant Treasurer . The Treasurer shall be the chief financial and accounting officer of the Trust, and shall, subject to the provisions of the Declaration of Trust and to any arrangement made by the Trustees with a custodian, investment adviser or manager, administrator or transfer, shareholder servicing or similar agent, be in charge of the valuable papers, books of account and accounting records of the Trust, and shall have such other duties and powers as may be designated from time to time by the Trustees or by the President.

 

Any Assistant Treasurer shall have the duties and powers specified in these By-Laws and may perform such duties of the Treasurer as the Treasurer or the Trustees may assign, and, in the absence of the Treasurer, an Assistant Treasurer may perform all of the duties of the Treasurer.

 

3.8            Secretary; Assistant Secretary . The Secretary or an Assistant Secretary shall record all proceedings of the Shareholders and the Trustees in books to be kept therefor, which books or a copy thereof shall be kept at the principal office of the Trust. In the absence of the Secretary

 

3



 

from any meeting of the Shareholders or Trustees, an Assistant Secretary, or if there be none or if he or she is absent, a temporary secretary chosen at such meeting shall record the proceedings thereof in the aforesaid books.

 

Any Assistant Secretary shall have the duties and powers specified in these By - Laws and may perform such duties of the Secretary as the Secretary or the Board of Trustees may assign, and, in the absence of the Secretary, an Assistant Secretary may perform all of the duties of the Secretary.

 

3.9            Chief Legal Officer . The Chief Legal Officer, if any, shall, pursuant to Section 307 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, review all reports of potential material violations of securities laws, breach of fiduciary duty or similar violations “up the ladder” to the Funds, evaluate the merits of the reports, and direct investigative next steps as applicable and shall perform such other duties as the Board may from time to time determine.

 

3.10          Chief Compliance Officer . The Chief Compliance Officer shall perform the duties and shall have the responsibilities of the chief compliance officer of the Trust, including any such duties and responsibilities imposed by Rule 38a-1, and shall have such other duties and powers as may be designated from time to time by the Trustees.

 

3.11          Anti-Money Laundering Officer . The Anti-Money Laundering Officer will administer the Trust’s anti-money laundering compliance activities and shall perform such other duties as the Board may from time to time determine.

 

3.12          Resignations; Removals . Any officer may resign at any time by written instrument signed by him or her and delivered to the Chairman, if any, the President or the Secretary, or to a meeting of the Trustees. Such resignation shall be effective upon receipt unless specified to be effective at some other time. The Trustees may remove any officer with or without cause. Except to the extent expressly provided in a written agreement with the Trust, no officer resigning and no officer removed shall have any right to any compensation for any period following his or her resignation or removal, or any right to damages on account of such removal.

 

ARTICLE 4

 

Committees

 

4.1            Quorum; Voting .  Except as provided below or as otherwise specifically provided in the resolutions constituting a Committee of the Trustees and providing for the conduct of its meetings or in the charter of such committee adopted by the Trustees, a majority of the members of any Committee of the Trustees shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, and any action of such a Committee may be taken at a meeting by a vote of a majority of the members present (a quorum being present) or evidenced by one or more writings signed by such a majority.  Members of a Committee may participate in a meeting of such Committee by means of a conference telephone or other communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other at the same time and participation by such means shall constitute presence in person at a meeting.

 

4



 

Except as specifically provided in the resolutions constituting a Committee of the Trustees and providing for the conduct of its meetings or in the charter of such committee adopted by the Trustees, Article 2, Section 2.3 of these By-Laws relating to special meetings of the Trustees shall govern the notice requirements for Committee meetings, provided, however, that such notice need be given only to the Trustees who are members of such Committee.

 

ARTICLE 5

 

Reports

 

5.1            General .  The Trustees and officers shall render reports at the time and in the manner required by the Declaration of Trust or any applicable law.  Officers shall render such additional reports as they may deem desirable or as may from time to time be required by the Trustees.

 

ARTICLE 6

 

Fiscal Year

 

6.1            General .  The initial fiscal year of the Trust and/or any Series thereof shall end on such date as is determined in advance or in arrears by the Treasurer or the Trustees and subsequent fiscal years shall end on such date in subsequent years.  The Trustees shall have the power and authority to amend the year-end date for the fiscal year of the Trust and/or any Series thereof.  The Trust and any such Series thereof may have different fiscal year-end dates if deemed necessary or appropriate by the Trustees.

 

ARTICLE 7

 

Seal

 

7.1            General .  The seal of the Trust shall consist of a flat-faced die with the word “Massachusetts,” together with the name of the Trust and the year of its organization cut or engraved thereon, but, unless otherwise required by the Trustees, the seal shall not be necessary to be placed on, and its absence shall not impair the validity of, any document, instrument or other paper executed and delivered by or on behalf of the Trust.

 

ARTICLE 8

 

Execution of Papers

 

8.1            General .  Except as the Trustees may generally or in particular cases authorize the execution thereof in some other manner, all checks, notes, drafts and other obligations and all registration statements and amendments thereto and all applications and amendments thereto to the Securities and Exchange Commission shall be signed by the Chairman, if any, the President, any Vice President, the Treasurer, any Assistant Treasurer, the Secretary, any Assistant Secretary or any of such other officers or agents as shall be designated for that purpose by a vote of the Trustees.

 

5



 

ARTICLE 9

 

Issuance of Share Certificates

 

9.1            Share Certificates .  In lieu of issuing certificates for shares, the Trustees or the transfer agent may either issue receipts therefor or may keep accounts on the books of the Trust for the record holders of such shares, who shall in either case be deemed, for all purposes hereunder, to be the holders of certificates for such shares as if they had accepted such certificates and shall be held to have expressly assented and agreed to the terms of this Article 9.

 

The Trustees may at any time authorize the issuance of share certificates.  In that event, each shareholder shall be entitled to a certificate stating the number of shares owned by him or her, in such form as shall be prescribed from time to time by the Trustees.  Such certificates shall be signed by the President or any Vice President and by the Treasurer or any Assistant Treasurer.  Such signatures may be a facsimile if the certificates is signed by a transfer agent or registrar, other than a Trustee, office or employee of the Trust.  In case any officer who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed on such certificate shall cease to be such officer before such officer is issued, it may be issued by the Trust with the same effect as if he or she were such officer at the time of its issue.

 

9.2            Loss of Certificates .  In case of the alleged loss or destruction or the mutilation of a share certificate, a duplicate certificate may be issued in place thereof, upon such terms as the Trustees shall prescribe.

 

9.3            Issuance of New Certificates to Pledgee .  A pledgee of shares transferred as collateral security shall be entitled to a new certificate if the instrument of transfer substantially describes the debt or duty that is intended to be secured thereby.  Such new certificate shall express on its face that it is held as collateral security, and the name of the pledgor shall be stated thereon, who alone shall be liable as a shareholder and entitled to vote thereon.

 

9.4            Discontinuance of Issuance of Certificates .  The Trustees may at any time discontinue the issuance of share certificates and may, by written notice to each shareholder, require the surrender of share certificates to the Trust for cancellation.  Such surrender and cancellation shall not effect the ownership of shares in the Trust.

 

ARTICLE 10

 

Provisions Relating to the

Conduct of the Trust’s Business

 

10.1          Determination of Net Income and Net Asset Value Per Share .  The Trustees or any officer or officers or agent or agents of the Trust designated from time to time for this purpose by the Trustees shall determine at least once daily the net income and the value of all the assets attributable to any class or series of shares of the Trust on each day on which the New York Stock Exchange is open for unrestricted trading and at such other times as the Trustees shall designate.  The net income and net asset value per share of each class and each series of shares of

 

6



 

the Trust shall be determined in accordance with the Investment Company Act of 1940 and the rules and regulations thereunder and any related procedures and/or policies of the Trust, or an officer or officers or agent or agents, as aforesaid, as adopted or authorized by the Trustees from time to time.

 

10.2          Voting Power .  Each whole share shall be entitled to one vote as to any matter on which it is entitled to vote and each fractional share shall be entitled to a proportionate fractional vote.

 

ARTICLE 11

 

Shareholders’ Voting Powers and Meetings

 

11.1          Record Dates .  For the purpose of determining the shareholders who are entitled to vote or act at any meeting or any adjournment thereof, or who are entitled to receive payment of any dividend or of any other distribution, the Trustees may from time to time fix a time, which shall be not more than 90 days before the date of any meeting of shareholders or the date for the payment of any dividend or of any distribution, and in such case only shareholders of record on such record date shall have the right notwithstanding any transfer of shares on the books of the Trust after the record date; or without fixing such record date the Trustees may for any of such purposes close the register or transfer books for all or any of such period.

 

ARTICLE 12

 

Amendments to the By-Laws

 

12.1          General .  These By-Laws may be amended or repealed, in whole or in part, by a majority of the Trustees then in office at any meeting of the Trustees, or by written consent in lieu thereof.

 

ARTICLE 13

 

Proxy Instructions

 

13.1          Proxy Instructions Transmitted by Telephonic or Electronic Means .  The placing of a Shareholder’s name on a proxy pursuant to telephonic or electronically transmitted instructions obtained pursuant to procedures reasonably designed to verify that such instructions have been authorized by such Shareholder shall constitute execution of such proxy by or on behalf of such Shareholder.

 

 

Adopted:  August 21, 2008

 

7


Exhibit 99.(d)(1)

 

Exhibit (d)(1)

 

IVA FIDUCIARY TRUST

 

INVESTMENT ADVISORY AGREEMENT

 

Agreement, entered into August 21, 2008, between IVA FIDUCIARY TRUST, a Massachusetts business trust (the “Trust”), and INTERNATIONAL VALUE ADVISERS, LLC, a registered investment adviser organized under the laws of the State of Delaware (the “Adviser”),

 

WITNESSETH:

 

WHEREAS, the Trust is an open-end management investment company registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), and its shares of beneficial interest (“Shares”) are registered under the Securities Act of 1933;

 

WHEREAS, the Trust is authorized to issue Shares in Series and, as of the date hereof, has issued two Series designated as the IVA Worldwide Fund and IVA International Fund (such two initial Series, together with any subsequent Series created, the “Funds”); and

 

WHEREAS, the Trust has retained the Adviser to render investment advisory services to the Trust pursuant to this Investment Advisory Agreement, as follows;

 

NOW, THEREFORE, the parties agree as follows:

 

1. The Trust hereby appoints the Adviser to act as investment adviser to the Trust and the initial Funds, and any other Funds as agreed upon by the Adviser and Trust, for the period and on the terms set forth in this Agreement. The Adviser accepts such appointment and agrees to render the services herein described, for the compensation herein provided.

 

2. Subject to the supervision of the Board of Trustees of the Trust, the Adviser shall manage the investment operations of the Trust and the Funds and the composition of the Funds’ portfolios, including the purchase, retention and disposition thereof, in accordance with the Funds’ investment objectives, policies and restrictions as stated in the Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information of the Trust and subject to the following understandings:

 

(a) The Adviser shall provide supervision of the Funds’ investments and determine from time to time what investments, transactions, securities or commodity futures contracts and options thereon (“futures”) will be purchased, entered into, retained, sold or loaned by the Funds, and what portion of the assets will be invested or held uninvested as cash.

 

(b) The Adviser shall use its best judgment in the performance of its duties under this Agreement.

 

(c) The Adviser, in the performance of its duties and obligations under this Agreement, shall act in conformity with the Agreement and Declaration of Trust, By-Laws, Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information of the Trust and with the written instructions and directions of the Board of Trustees of the Trust and will conform to and

 



 

comply with the requirements of the 1940 Act and all other applicable federal and state laws and regulations.

 

(d) The Adviser shall determine the securities and other assets to be purchased or sold by the Funds and will place orders pursuant to its determinations with or through such persons, brokers, dealers or futures commission merchants in conformity with the policy with respect to brokerage as set forth in the Trust’s Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information or as the Board of Trustees may direct in writing from time to time. In providing the Trust and the Funds with investment management, it is recognized that the Adviser will give primary consideration to securing most favorable prices and efficient executions. Consistent with this policy, the Adviser may consider the financial responsibility, research and investment information and other services provided by brokers, dealers or futures commission merchants who may effect or be a party to any such transaction or other transactions to which other clients of the Adviser may be a party. It is understood that neither the Trust nor the Adviser has adopted a formula for allocation of the Funds’ investment business. It is also understood that it is desirable for the Trust and the Funds that the Adviser have access to supplemental investment and market research and security and economic analysis provided by brokers or futures commission merchants who may execute brokerage transactions at a higher cost to the Trust and the Funds than may result when allocating brokerage to other brokers or futures commission merchants on the basis of seeking the most favorable prices and efficient executions. Therefore, the Adviser is authorized to place orders for the purchase and sale of securities and other assets for the Trust and the Funds with such brokers or futures commission merchants, subject to review by the Trust’s Board of Trustees, from time to time, with respect to the extent and continuation of this practice. It is understood that the services provided by such brokers or futures commission merchants may be useful to the Adviser in connection with its services to other clients.

 

On occasions when the Adviser deems the purchase or sale of a security or other asset to be in the best interest of the Trust and the Funds as well as other clients, the Adviser, to the extent permitted by applicable laws and regulations, may, but shall be under no obligation to, aggregate the securities or other assets to be so sold or purchased in order to obtain the most favorable price or lower brokerage commissions and efficient execution. In such event, allocation of the securities or other assets so purchased or sold, as well as the expenses incurred in the transaction, will be made by the Adviser in the manner it considers to be the most equitable and consistent with its fiduciary obligations to the Trust and the Funds and to such other clients.

 

(e) Unless otherwise determined by the Trust’s Board of Trustees, the Adviser shall maintain all books and records with respect to the Trust and the Funds’ portfolio transactions that the Trust is required to keep under Rule 31a-1 under the 1940 Act.

 

(f) The Adviser shall provide the Trust’s Custodian and the Trust on each business day with information relating to all transactions concerning the Funds’ assets.

 



 

(g) The investment management services provided by the Adviser hereunder are not to be deemed exclusive, and the Adviser shall be free to render similar services to others.

 

3. The Trust has delivered to the Adviser copies of each of the following documents and will deliver to it all future amendments and supplements, if any:

 

(a) The Agreement and Declaration of Trust filed with the Commonwealth of Massachusetts (such Agreement and Declaration of Trust, as in effect on the date hereof and as amended from time to time, is herein called the “Agreement and Declaration of Trust”);

 

(b) The By-Laws of the Trust (such By-Laws, as in effect on the date hereof and as amended from time to time, are herein called the “By-Laws”);

 

(c) Certified resolutions of the Board of Trustees of the Trust authorizing the appointment of the Adviser and approving the form of this Agreement;

 

(d) The Registration Statement under the 1940 Act and the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, on Form N-1A (the “Registration Statement”), as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) relating to the Trust and the Trust’s Shares and all amendments thereto;

 

(e) The Trust’s Notification of Registration of under the 1940 Act on Form N-8A as filed with the Commission and all amendments thereto; and

 

(f) The Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information of the Trust (such Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information, as currently in effect and as amended or supplemented, from time to time, being herein called the “Prospectus”).

 

4. The Adviser shall authorize and permit any of its directors, officers and employees who may be elected as trustees or officers of the Trust to serve in the capacities in which they are elected. Services to be furnished by the Adviser under this Agreement may be furnished through the medium of any of such directors, officers or employees.

 

5. The Adviser agrees that any records which it maintains for the Trust are the property of the Trust and it will surrender promptly to the Trust any of such records upon the Trust’s request. The Adviser further agrees to preserve for the periods prescribed by Rule 31a-2 of the Commission under the 1940 Act any such records as are required to be maintained by the Adviser pursuant to paragraph 2 hereof.

 

6.

 

(a) For the services provided pursuant to this Agreement by the Investment Adviser, the Trust will pay monthly an investment management fee in respect of each of the two initial Funds at the annual rate of 0.90% of the average daily net assets of the relevant Fund. Net assets of the Funds shall be computed on such days and at such time or times

 



 

as described in the Trust’s then-current Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information. Upon any termination of this Agreement before the end of any month, the fee for such part of a month shall be prorated and shall be payable upon the date of termination of this Agreement. The compensation in respect of any future Funds will be as agreed to by the Trust and the Adviser.

 

(b) The Adviser will pay the compensation and expenses of all officers of the Trust and will furnish, without expense to the Trust, the services of such of the Adviser’s officers and employees as may duly be elected officers or trustees of the Trust, subject to their individual consent to serve and to any limitations imposed by law. The Adviser will pay the Trust’s office rent and ordinary office expenses and will provide investment, advisory, research and statistical facilities and all clerical services relating to research, statistical and investment work. (In this regard, and notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, it is understood that this Agreement does not obligate the Adviser to pay for the maintenance of the Trust’s general ledger and securities cost ledger or for daily pricing of the Trust’s securities, but that it does obligate the Adviser, without expense to the Trust, to oversee the provision of such services by the Trust’s agent.) The Adviser will not be required hereunder to pay any expenses of the Trust other than those above enumerated in this paragraph 6(b). In particular, but without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Adviser will not be required to pay hereunder: brokers’ commissions; legal or auditing expenses; taxes or governmental fees; any direct expenses of issue, sale, underwriting, distribution, redemption or repurchase of the Trust’s securities; the expenses of registering or qualifying securities for sale; the cost of preparing and distributing reports and notices to shareholders of the Funds (the “Shareholders”); the fees or disbursements of dividend, disbursing, shareholder, transfer or other agent; or the fees or disbursements of custodians of the Trust’s assets.

 

7. The Adviser shall not be liable for any error of judgment or for any loss suffered by the Trust or the Funds in connection with the matters to which this Agreement relates, except a loss resulting from a breach of fiduciary duty with respect to the receipt of compensation for services (in which case any award of damages shall be limited to the period and the amount set forth in Section 36(b)(3) of the 1940 Act) or a loss resulting from willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence on its part in the performance of its duties or from reckless disregard by it of its obligations and duties under this Agreement.

 

8. This Agreement shall continue in effect for a period of more than two years from the date hereof only so long as such continuance is specifically approved at least annually in conformity with the requirements of the 1940 Act; provided, however, that this Agreement may be terminated by the Trust at any time, without the payment of any penalty, by the Board of Trustees of the Trust or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Trust, or by the Adviser at any time, without the payment of any penalty, on not more than 60 days’ nor less than 30 days’ written notice to the other party. This Agreement shall terminate automatically in the event of its assignment (as defined in the 1940 Act) by the Adviser.

 



 

9. Nothing in this Agreement shall limit or restrict the right of any of the Adviser’s directors, officers, or employees who may also be a trustee, officer or employee of the Trust to engage in any other business or to devote time and attention in part to the management or other aspects of any business, whether of a similar or a dissimilar nature, nor limit or restrict the Adviser’s right to engage in any other business or to render services of any kind to any other corporation, firm, individual or association.

 

10. Except as otherwise provided herein or authorized by the Board of Trustees of the Trust, from time to time, the Adviser shall for all purposes herein be deemed to be an independent contractor and shall have no authority to act for or represent the Trust in any way or otherwise be deemed an agent of the Trust.

 

11. During the term of this Agreement, the Trust agrees to furnish the Adviser at its principal office all prospectuses, proxy statements, reports to Shareholders, sales literature, or other material prepared for distribution to Shareholders of the Trust or the public, which refer to the Adviser in any way, prior to use thereof and not to use such material if the Adviser reasonably objects in writing within five business days (or such other time as may be mutually agreed) after receipt thereof. In the event of termination of this Agreement, the Trust will continue to furnish to the Adviser copies of any of the above-mentioned materials which refer in any way to the Adviser. Sales literature may be furnished to the Adviser hereunder by first class or overnight mail, facsimile transmission equipment or hand delivery. The Trust shall furnish or otherwise make available to the Adviser such other information relating to the business affairs of the Trust as the Adviser at any time, or from time to time, reasonably requests in order to discharge its obligations hereunder.

 

12. This Agreement constitutes the entire Agreement between the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof. This Agreement may be amended by mutual consent, but the consent of the Trust must be obtained in conformity with the requirements of the 1940 Act, taking into account any rulings or interpretations by the Commission or its staff.

 

13. Any notice or other communication required to be given pursuant to this Agreement shall be deemed duly given if delivered or mailed by registered mail, postage prepaid, (1) to the Adviser at 645 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10022, Attention: President; or (2) to the Trust at 645 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10022, Attention: President.

 

14. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York.

 

15. The Trust may use the name “IVA” in connection with the name of the Trust or any of the Funds or any name including International Value Advisers or any variant thereof, only for so long as this Agreement or any extension, renewal or amendment hereof remains in effect, including any similar agreement with any organization which shall have succeeded to the Adviser’s business as investment adviser.  At such time as such Agreement shall no longer be in effect, the Trust will (to the extent that it lawfully can) cease to use such a name or any other name indicating that it is advised by, managed by or otherwise connected with the Adviser or any organization which shall have so succeeded to such businesses.

 



 

16. Notice is hereby given that this Agreement is executed on behalf of the Trust by officers of the Trust as officers and not individually and that the obligations of or arising out of this Agreement are not binding upon any of the trustees, officers or Shareholders of the Trust individually but are binding only upon the assets and property of the relevant Fund.

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this instrument to be executed by their officers designated below as of the day and year first above written.

 

 

IVA FIDUCIARY TRUST

 

 

 

By: /s/ Stefanie Hempstead

 

 

 

 

 

INTERNATIONAL VALUE ADVISERS, LLC.

 

 

 

By: /s/ Michael W. Malafronte

 


Exhibit 99.(d)(2)

 

Exhibit (d)(2)

 

August 21, 2008

 

IVA Fiduciary Trust

645 Madison Avenue

New York, NY 10022

 

Re:             Fee Waiver/Expense Reimbursement

 

Ladies and Gentlemen:

 

International Value Advisers, LLC notifies you that it will waive its management fee with respect to, and/or bear other expenses of, the Funds listed below through September 30, 2009 to the extent that expenses of each class of a Fund, exclusive of acquired fund fees and expenses, brokerage, interest, taxes, organizational and extraordinary expenses, would exceed the following annual rates:

 

Name of Fund

 

Expense Cap

 

 

 

IVA Worldwide Fund

 

1.40% for Class A Shares

 

 

2.15% for Class C Shares
1.15% for Class I Shares

 

 

 

IVA International Fund

 

1.40% for Class A Shares

 

 

2.15% for Class C Shares
1.15% for Class I Shares

 

With respect to each Fund, International Value Advisers, LLC shall be permitted to recover, on a class by class basis, expenses it has borne subsequent to the effective date of this agreement (whether through reduction of its management fee or otherwise) in later periods to the extent that a Fund’s expenses fall below the annual rates set forth above; provided, however, that a Fund is not obligated to pay any such deferred fees more than one year after the end of the fiscal year in which the fee was deferred.

 



 

During the periods covered by this letter agreement, the expense cap arrangement set forth above for each of the Funds may only be modified by a majority vote of the “non-interested” Trustees of IVA Fiduciary Trust.

 

We understand and intend that you will rely on this undertaking in preparing and filing the Registration Statements on Form N-1A for the above referenced Funds with the Securities and Exchange Commission, in accruing each Fund’s expenses for purposes of calculating its net asset value per share and for other purposes permitted under Form N-1A and/or the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and expressly permit you to do so.

 

 

 

 International Value Advisers, LLC

 

 

 

 

 

By:

 

 

 

Name:

 

 

Title:

 

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Exhibit 99.(e)

 

Exhibit (e)

 

DISTRIBUTION AGREEMENT

 

THIS AGREEMENT is made and entered into as of this 21 st  day of August 2008, by and between IVA Fiduciary Trust, a Massachusetts business trust (the “Client”) and Foreside Distribution Services, L.P., an Ohio limited partnership (the “Distributor”).

 

WHEREAS, the Client is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), as an open-end management investment company, and is authorized to issue shares of beneficial interest (“Shares”) in separate classes and series, with each such class and series representing interests in a separate portfolio of securities and other assets;

 

WHEREAS, the Client desires to retain the Distributor as principal underwriter in connection with the offering and sale of the Shares of each class and series listed on Exhibit A hereto and to such additional classes and series as shall be designated on Exhibit A in the future (as amended from time to time) (each a “Fund” and collectively the “Funds”);

 

WHEREAS, the Distributor is registered as a broker-dealer under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “1934 Act”), and is a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”);

 

WHEREAS, this Agreement has been approved by a vote of the Client’s board of trustees (the “Board”) and its disinterested trustees in conformity with Section 15(c) of the 1940 Act; and

 

WHEREAS, the Distributor is willing to act as principal underwriter for the Client on the terms and conditions hereinafter set forth.

 

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the promises and mutual covenants herein contained, and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt of which is hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto, intending to be legally bound, do hereby agree as follows:

 

1.              Appointment of Distributor.  The Client hereby appoints the Distributor as its exclusive agent for the sale and distribution of the unsold portion of the Shares of the Funds, on the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, and the Distributor hereby accepts such exclusive appointment and agrees to perform the services and duties set forth in this Agreement.

 

2.              Services and Duties of the Distributor.

 

A.             The Distributor agrees to act as agent of the Client for distribution of the Shares of the Funds, upon the terms and at the current offering price (plus sales charge, if any) described in the Prospectus, and as agent of the Client in connection with the repurchase and redemption of Shares by the Client upon the terms and conditions set forth in the Prospectus or as the Client acting through its Board may otherwise direct.  As used in this Agreement, the term “Prospectus” shall mean each current prospectus, including the statement of additional information, as amended or supplemented, relating to any of the Funds and included in the currently effective

 

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registration statement(s) or post-effective amendment(s) thereto (the “Registration Statement”) of the Client under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”) and the 1940 Act.

 

B.             During the continuous public offering of Shares of the Funds, the Distributor will hold itself available to receive orders, satisfactory to the Distributor, for the purchase of Shares of the Funds and will promptly forward all orders to the Client, or its designated agent.  Such purchase orders shall be deemed effective at the time and in the manner set forth in the Prospectus.  All orders through the Distributor shall be subject to acceptance and confirmation by the Client.  Upon acceptance and confirmation of an order, the Client or its designated agent will make appropriate book entries and, upon receipt of payment therefor, will issue the appropriate number of Shares in uncertificated form.  On every sale, the Client shall receive the net asset value of the shares determined as described in the Prospectus.

 

C.             In addition to sales by the Distributor, the Client reserves the right to issue Shares at any time directly to its shareholders as a stock dividend or stock split or to sell Shares to its shareholders or other persons at not less than net asset value to the extent that the Client, its officers, or other persons associated with the Client participate in the sale, or to the extent that the Client or the transfer agent for its Shares receive purchase requests for Shares.  The Client also reserves the right to refuse at any time or times to sell any of its Shares for any reason deemed adequate by the Client in its sole discretion.

 

D.             The Distributor shall maintain membership with the NSCC and any other similar successor organization to sponsor a participant number for the Funds so as to enable the Shares to be traded through FundSERV.  The Distributor shall not be responsible for any operational matters associated with FundSERV or Networking transactions. The Client acknowledges that Distributor will be authorized to offer and redeem shares on behalf of the Client and that the Client will honor any instruction that Distributor enters into Fund/SERV on its behalf.

 

E.              The Distributor acknowledges and agrees that it is not authorized to provide any information or make any representations regarding the Funds other than as contained in the Prospectus and any sales literature and advertising materials specifically approved by the Client.

 

F.              The Distributor agrees to review all proposed advertising materials and sales literature for compliance with applicable laws and regulations, and, if required, shall file with appropriate regulators such advertising materials and sales literature.  The Distributor agrees to furnish to the Client any comments provided by regulators with respect to such materials.

 

G.             The Client agrees to redeem or repurchase Shares tendered by shareholders of the Funds in accordance with the Client’s obligations in the Prospectus and the Registration Statement.  The Client reserves the right to suspend such redemption and repurchase right upon written notice to the Distributor.

 

H.             The Distributor may, in its discretion, and shall, at the request of the Client, enter into agreements with such qualified broker-dealers and other financial intermediaries as it may select, in order that such broker-dealers and other intermediaries also may sell, redeem or repurchase Shares of the Funds.  The form of any dealer agreement shall be approved by the

 

2



 

Client (the “Standard Dealer Agreement”).  The Distributor shall not be obligated to make any payments to any broker-dealers, other financial intermediaries or other third parties, unless (i) Distributor has received a corresponding payment from the applicable Fund’s plan of distribution adopted pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act (“Plan”) and (ii) such corresponding payment has been approved by the Client’s Board.  The Distributor shall include in the Standard Dealer Agreements a provision for the forfeiture by them of any sales charge or discount with respect to Shares sold by them and redeemed, repurchased or tendered for redemption within seven business days after the date of confirmation of such purchases.

 

I.               The Distributor shall devote its best efforts to effect sales of Shares of the Funds but shall not be obligated to sell any certain number of Shares.  Shares will be sold by the Distributor only against orders therefor.  The Distributor will not purchase shares from anyone other than the Client, and will not take “long” or “short” positions in Shares.

 

J.              The Distributor shall prepare reports for the Board regarding its activities under this Agreement as from time to time shall be reasonably requested by the Board, including reports regarding the use of 12b-1 payments received by the Distributor, if any.

 

K.             The Distributor may enter into agreements (“Subcontracts”) with qualified third parties to carry out some or all of the Distributor’s obligations under this Agreement, with the prior written consent of the Client, such consent not to be unreasonably withheld; provided, however, that execution of a Subcontract shall not relieve the Distributor of any of its responsibilities hereunder.

 

L.              The services furnished by the Distributor hereunder are not to be deemed exclusive and the Distributor shall be free to furnish similar services to others so long as its services under this Agreement are not impaired thereby.

 

M.            Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Distributor shall not be required to register as a broker or dealer in any specific jurisdiction or to maintain its registration in any jurisdiction in which it is now registered unless such registration is required to perform the services and duties set forth in this Agreement.

 

3.              Representations, Warranties and Covenants of the Client.

 

A.             The Client hereby represents and warrants to the Distributor, which representations and warranties shall be deemed to be continuing throughout the term of this Agreement, that:

 

(i)             it is duly organized and in good standing under the laws of its jurisdiction of incorporation/organization and is registered as an open-end management investment company under the 1940 Act;

 

(ii)            this Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Client and, when executed and delivered, will constitute a valid and legally binding obligation of the Client, enforceable in accordance with its terms, subject to

 

3



 

bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application affecting the rights and remedies of creditors and secured parties;

 

(iii)           it is conducting its business in compliance in all material respects with all applicable laws and regulations, both state and federal, and has obtained all regulatory approvals necessary to carry on its business as now conducted; there is no statute, rule, regulation, order or judgment binding on it and no provision of its charter, bylaws/operating agreement or any contract binding it or affecting its property which would prohibit its execution or performance of this Agreement;

 

(iv)           the Shares are validly authorized and, when issued in accordance with the description in the Prospectus, will be fully paid and nonassessable;

 

(v)            the Registration Statement and Prospectus included therein have been prepared in compliance in all material respects with the requirements of the 1933 Act and the 1940 Act and the rules and regulations thereunder;

 

(vi)           the Registration Statement and Prospectus and any advertising materials and sales literature prepared by the Client or its agent do not and shall not contain any untrue statement of material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, and that all statements or information furnished to the Distributor pursuant to this Agreement shall be true and correct in all material respects;

 

(vii)          it is in compliance with and will continue to comply with the AML Acts and applicable regulations in all relevant respects; and

 

(viii)         it has adopted a statement of its privacy policies and practices as required by Securities and Exchange Commission Regulation S-P and agrees to provide to the Distributor a copy of that statement annually upon request.

 

B.             The Client shall take, or cause to be taken, all necessary action to register the Shares under the federal and all applicable state securities laws and to maintain an effective Registration Statement for such Shares in order to permit the sale of Shares as herein contemplated.  The Client authorizes the Distributor to use the Prospectus, in the form furnished to the Distributor from time to time, in connection with the sale of Shares.

 

C.             The Client agrees to advise the Distributor promptly in writing:

 

(i)             of any material and non-routine correspondence or other communication by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) or its staff relating to the issuance and sale of any of the Shares of the Funds, including requests by the SEC for amendments to the Registration Statement or Prospectus;

 

4



 

(ii)            in the event of the issuance by the SEC of any stop-order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement then in effect or the initiation of any proceeding for that purpose;

 

(iii)           of the happening of any event which makes untrue any statement of a material fact made in the Prospectus or which requires the making of a change in such Prospectus in order to make the statements therein not misleading;

 

(iv)           in the event that it determines to suspend the sale of Shares at any time in response to conditions in the securities markets or otherwise or to suspend the redemption of Shares of any Fund at any time as permitted by the 1940 Act or the rules of the SEC; and

 

(v)            of the commencement of any litigation or proceedings against the Client or any of its officers or directors in connection with the issue and sale of any of the Shares.

 

D.             The Client shall file such reports and other documents as may be required under applicable federal and state laws and regulations, including state blue sky laws, and shall notify the Distributor in writing of the states in which the Shares may be sold and of any changes to such information.

 

E.              The Client shall fully cooperate in the efforts of the Distributor to sell and arrange for the sale of Shares.  In addition, the Client shall keep the Distributor fully informed of its affairs and shall provide to the Distributor from time to time copies of all information, financial statements, and other papers that the Distributor may reasonably request for use in connection with the distribution of Shares, including, without limitation, certified copies of any financial statements prepared for the Client by its independent public accountants and such reasonable number of copies of the most current Prospectus, statement of additional information and annual and interim reports to shareholders as the Distributor may request.  The Client shall forward a copy of any SEC filings, including the Registration Statement, to the Distributor within one business day of any such filings.  Distributor acknowledges that all SEC filings are publicly available at no cost at www.sec.gov.  The Client represents that it will not use or authorize the use of any advertising or sales material unless and until such materials have been approved and authorized for use by the Distributor.

 

F.              The Client shall provide, and cause each other agent or service provider to the Client, including the Client’s transfer agent and investment adviser, to provide, to Distributor in a timely and accurate manner all such information (and in such reasonable medium) that the Distributor may reasonably request that may be necessary for the Distributor to perform its services and duties under this Agreement.

 

G.             The Client shall not file any amendment to the Registration Statement or Prospectus that amends any provision therein which pertains to Distributor, the distribution of the Shares or the applicable sales loads or public offering price without giving Distributor reasonable advance notice thereof; provided, however , that nothing contained in this Agreement shall in any way limit the Client’s right to file at any time such amendments to the Registration

 

5



 

Statement or Prospectus, of whatever character, as the Client may deem advisable, such right being in all respects absolute and unconditional.

 

H.             The Client has adopted policies and procedures pursuant to Title V of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, as may be modified from time to time.  In this regard, the Client (and relevant agents or service providers) shall have in place and maintain physical, electronic and procedural safeguards reasonably designed to protect the security, confidentiality and integrity of, and to prevent the unauthorized access to or use of, records and information relating to the Client and the owners of the Shares.

 

4.              Representations, Warranties and Covenants of the Distributor.

 

A.             The Distributor hereby represents and warrants to the Client, which representations and warranties shall be deemed to be continuing throughout the term of this Agreement, that:

 

(i)             it is duly organized and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization, with full power to carry on its business as now conducted, to enter into this Agreement and to perform its obligations hereunder;

 

(ii)            this Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Distributor and, when executed and delivered, will constitute a valid and legally binding obligation of the Distributor, enforceable in accordance with its terms, subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application affecting the rights and remedies of creditors and secured parties;

 

(iii)           it is conducting its business in compliance in all material respects with all applicable laws and regulations, both state and federal, and has obtained all regulatory approvals necessary to carry on its business as now conducted; there is no statute, rule, regulation, order or judgment binding on it and no provision of its charter, operating agreement or any contract binding it or affecting its property which would prohibit its execution or performance of this Agreement;

 

(iv)           it is registered as a broker-dealer under the 1934 Act and is a member in good standing of FINRA; and

 

(v)            it is in compliance with and will continue to comply with the AML Acts and applicable regulations in all relevant respects.

 

B.             In connection with all matters relating to this Agreement, the Distributor will comply with the applicable requirements of the 1933 Act, the 1934 Act, the 1940 Act, the regulations of FINRA and all other applicable federal or state laws and regulations.

 

C.             The Distributor shall promptly notify the Client of the commencement of any litigation or proceedings against the Distributor or any of its managers, officers or directors in connection with the issue and sale of any of the Shares.

 

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D.             The Distributor agrees to advise the Client promptly in writing:

 

(i)             of any material and non-routine correspondence or other communication by the SEC or the FINRA or their respective staffs relating to the sale of any of the Shares of the Funds;

 

(ii)            in the event of the issuance by the SEC of any order suspending Distributor’s registration as a broker-dealer under the 1934 Act;

 

(iii)           of the happening of any event which makes untrue any statement made in the Registration Statement, Prospectus, annual or interim report, or any such advertising materials or sales literature that relates directly to the Distributor and was furnished to the Client or its counsel by the Distributor; and

 

(iv)           of the commencement of any litigation or proceedings against the Distributor or any of its employees, agents, officers or directors in connection with the issue and sale of any of the Shares.

 

E.              The Distributor shall provide to the Client in a timely and accurate manner all such information (and in such reasonable medium) that the Board may reasonably request relating to Distributor’s performance of its services and duties under this Agreement.

 

5.              Compensation.  As compensation for the services performed and the expenses assumed by Distributor under this Agreement including, but not limited to, any commissions paid for sales of Shares, Distributor shall be entitled to the fees and expenses set forth in Exhibit B hereto (as amended from time to time).  The Distributor hereby acknowledges that the Client’s obligations hereunder with respect to the fees payable with respect to the shares of any Fund of the Client or a particular class of shares of a Fund are binding only on the assets and property belonging to such Fund or allocated to such class.

 

6.              Expenses.

 

A.             The Client shall bear all costs and expenses in connection with registration of the Shares with the SEC and the applicable states, as well as all costs and expenses in connection with the offering of the Shares and communications with shareholders of its Funds, including but not limited to (i) fees and disbursements of its counsel and independent public accountants; (ii) costs and expenses of the preparation, filing, printing and mailing of Registration Statements and Prospectuses and amendments thereto, as well as related advertising and sales literature; (iii) costs and expenses of the preparation, printing and mailing of annual and interim reports, proxy materials and other communications to shareholders of the Funds; and (iv) fees required in connection with the offer and sale of Shares in such jurisdictions as shall be selected by the Client pursuant to Section 3(D) hereof.

 

B.             The Distributor shall bear the expenses of registration or qualification of the Distributor as a dealer or broker under federal or state laws and the expenses of continuing such

 

7



 

registration or qualification.  The Distributor does not assume responsibility for any expenses not expressly assumed hereunder.

 

7.              Indemnification.

 

A.             The Client shall indemnify, defend and hold the Distributor, its affiliates and each of their respective members, managers, directors, officers, employees, representatives and any person who controls or previously controlled the Distributor within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act (collectively, the “Distributor Indemnitees”), free and harmless from and against any and all losses, claims, demands, liabilities, damages and expenses (including the costs of investigating or defending any alleged losses, claims, demands, liabilities, damages or expenses and any reasonable counsel fees incurred in connection therewith) (collectively, “Losses”) that any Distributor Indemnitee may incur under the 1933 Act, the 1934 Act, the 1940 Act any other statute (including Blue Sky laws) or any rule or regulation thereunder, or under common law or otherwise, arising out of or relating to (i) the Distributor serving as distributor of the Funds pursuant to this Agreement; (ii) the Client’s breach of any of its obligations, representations, warranties or covenants contained in this Agreement; (iii) the Client’s failure to comply with any applicable securities laws or regulations; or (iv) any claim that the Registration Statement, Prospectus, shareholder reports, sales literature and advertising materials or other information filed or made public by the Client (as from time to time amended) include or included an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein not misleading under the 1933 Act, or any other statute or the common law any violation of any rule of FINRA or of the SEC or any other jurisdiction wherein Shares of the Funds are sold, provided, however , that the Client’s obligation to indemnify any of the Distributor Indemnitees shall not be deemed to cover any Losses arising out of any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission made in the Registration Statement, Prospectus, annual or interim report, or any such advertising materials or sales literature in reliance upon and in conformity with information relating to the Distributor and furnished to the Client or its counsel by the Distributor in writing and acknowledging the purpose of its use.  In no event shall anything contained herein be so construed as to protect the Distributor against any liability to the Client or its shareholders to which the Distributor would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, or gross negligence in the performance of its obligations or duties under this Agreement or by reason of its reckless disregard of its obligations or duties under this Agreement.

 

The Client’s agreement to indemnify the Distributor Indemnitees with respect to any action is expressly conditioned upon the Client being notified of such action or claim of Loss brought against any Distributor Indemnitee, such notification to be given by letter or telegram addressed to the Distributor’s President, within a reasonable time after the summons or other first legal process giving information of the nature of the claim shall have been served upon such Distributor Indemnitee, unless the failure to give notice does not prejudice the Client.  The failure so to notify the Client of any such action shall not relieve the Client from any liability which the Client may have to the person against whom such action is brought by reason of any such untrue, or alleged untrue, statement or omission, or alleged omission, otherwise than on account of the Client’s indemnity agreement contained in this Section 7(A).

 

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B.             The Client shall be entitled to participate at its own expense in the defense or, if it so elects, to assume the defense of any suit brought to enforce any such Losses, but if the Client elects to assume the defense, such defense shall be conducted by counsel chosen by the Client and approved by the Distributor Indemnitee, which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld.  In the event the Client elects to assume the defense of any such suit and retain such counsel, the Distributor Indemnitee(s) in such suit shall bear the fees and expenses of any additional counsel retained by them.  If the Client does not elect to assume the defense of any such suit, or in case the Distributor does not, in the exercise of reasonable judgment, approve of counsel chosen by the Client or, if under prevailing law or legal codes of ethics, the same counsel cannot effectively represent the interests of both the Client and the Distributor Indemnitee(s), the Client will reimburse the Distributor Indemnitee(s) in such suit, for the fees and expenses of any counsel retained by Distributor and them.  The Client’s indemnification agreement contained in Sections 7(A) and 7(B) shall remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of the Distributor Indemnitee(s), and shall survive the delivery of any Shares and the termination of this Agreement.  This agreement of indemnity will inure exclusively to the Distributor’s benefit, to the benefit of each Distributor Indemnitee.

 

C.             The Client shall advance attorney’s fees and other expenses incurred by a Distributor Indemnitee in defending any claim, demand, action or suit which is the subject of a claim for indemnification pursuant to this Section 7 to the maximum extent permissible under applicable law.

 

D.             The Distributor shall indemnify, defend and hold the Client, its affiliates, and each of their respective trustees, directors, officers, employees, representatives, and any person who controls or previously controlled the Client within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act (collectively, the “Client Indemnitees”), free and harmless from and against any and all Losses that any Client Indemnitee may incur under the 1933 Act, the 1934 Act, the 1940 Act, any other statute (including Blue Sky laws) or any rule or regulation thereunder, or under common law or otherwise, arising out of or relating to (i) the Distributor’s breach of any of its obligations, representations, warranties or covenants contained in this Agreement; (ii) the Distributor’s failure to comply with any applicable securities laws or regulations; or (iii) any claim that the Registration Statement, Prospectus, sales literature and advertising materials or other information filed or made public by the Client (as from time to time amended) include or included an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements not misleading, insofar as such statement or omission was made in reliance upon, and in conformity with, information relating to the Distributor and furnished to the Client by the Distributor in writing.  In no event shall anything contained herein be so construed as to protect the Client against any liability to the Distributor to which the Client would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, or gross negligence in the performance of its duties under this Agreement or by reason of its reckless disregard of its obligations under this Agreement.

 

The Distributor’s agreement to indemnify the Client Indemnitees with respect to any action is expressly conditioned upon the Distributor’s being notified of such action or claim of Loss brought against a Client Indemnitee, such notification to be given by letter or telegram addressed to the Distributor’s President, within a reasonable time after the summons or other first

 

9



 

legal process giving information of the nature of the claim shall have been served upon such Client Indemnitee, unless the failure to give notice does not prejudice the Distributor.  The failure so to notify the Distributor of any such action shall not relieve the Distributor from any liability which the Distributor may have to the person against whom such action is brought by reason of any such untrue, or alleged untrue, statement or omission, or alleged omission, otherwise than on account of the Distributor’s indemnity agreement contained in this Section 7(D).

 

E.              The Distributor shall be entitled to participate at its own expense in the defense or, if it so elects, to assume the defense of any suit brought to enforce any such Losses, but if the Distributor elects to assume the defense, such defense shall be conducted by counsel chosen by the Distributor and approved by the Client Indemnitee, which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld.  In the event the Distributor elects to assume the defense of any such suit and retain such counsel, the Client Indemnitee(s) in such suit shall bear the fees and expenses of any additional counsel retained by them.  If the Distributor does not elect to assume the defense of any such suit, or in case the Client does not, in the exercise of reasonable judgment, approve of counsel chosen by the Distributor or, if under prevailing law or legal codes of ethics, the same counsel cannot effectively represent the interests of both the Distributor and the Client Indemnitee(s), the Distributor will reimburse the Client Indemnitee(s) in such suit, for the fees and expenses of any counsel retained by the Client and them.  The Distributor’s indemnification agreement contained in Sections 7(D) and (E) shall remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of the Client Indemnitee(s), and shall survive the delivery of any Shares and the termination of this Agreement.  This agreement of indemnity will inure exclusively to the Client’s benefit, to the benefit of each Client Indemnitee.

 

F.              The Distributor shall advance attorney’s fees and other expenses incurred by a Client Indemnitee in defending any claim, demand, action or suit which is the subject of a claim for indemnification pursuant to this Section 7 to the maximum extent permissible under applicable law.

 

G.             No person shall be obligated to provide indemnification under this Section 7 if such indemnification would be impermissible under the 1940 Act, the 1933 Act, the 1934 Act or the rules of the FINRA; provided, however , in such event indemnification shall be provided under this Section 7 to the maximum extent so permissible.

 

8.              Dealer Agreement Indemnification.

 

A.             Distributor acknowledges and agrees that certain large and significant broker-dealers, such as (without limitation) Merrill Lynch, UBS and Morgan Stanley (all such brokers referred to herein as the “Brokers”), require that Distributor enter into dealer agreements (the “Non-Standard Dealer Agreements”) that contain certain representations, undertakings and indemnification that are not included in the Standard Dealer Agreement.  Distributor agrees to provide a copy of any such Non-Standard Dealer Agreement to Client for Client approval of the terms of such Non-Standard Dealer Agreement prior to Distributor entering into any such Non-Standard Dealer Agreement.

 

10



 

B.             To the extent that Distributor is requested or required by the Client to enter into any Non-Standard Dealer Agreement, the Client shall indemnify, defend and hold the Distributor Indemnitees free and harmless from and against any and all Losses that any Distributor Indemnitee may incur arising out of or relating to (a) any representations made by Distributor in any Non-Standard Dealer Agreement to the extent that Distributor is not required to make such representations in the Standard Dealer Agreement; or (b) any indemnification provided by Distributor under a Non-Standard Dealer Agreement to the extent that such indemnification is beyond the indemnification Distributor provides to intermediaries in the Standard Dealer Agreement; provided, however , that the Client’s obligation to indemnify any of the Distributor Indemnitees shall not be deemed to cover any Losses arising out of any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission in the Registration Statement, Prospectus, annual or interim report, or any such advertising materials or sales literature made in reliance upon, and in conformity with, information relating to the Distributor and furnished to the Client or its counsel by the Distributor in writing and acknowledging the purpose of its use.  In no event shall anything contained herein be so construed as to protect the Distributor Indemnitees against any liability to the Client or its shareholders to which the Distributor Indemnitees would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, or gross negligence in the performance of Distributor’s obligations or duties under the Non-Standard Dealer Agreement or by reason of Distributor’s reckless disregard of its obligations or duties under the Non-Standard Dealer Agreement.

 

9.              Limitations on Damages.  Neither Party shall be liable for any consequential, special, punitive, incidental or indirect Losses suffered by the other Party, whether or not the likelihood of such losses or damages was known by the Party.

 

10.           Force Majeure.  Neither Party shall be liable for Losses, delays, failure, errors, interruption or loss of data occurring directly or indirectly by reason of circumstances beyond its reasonable control, including, without limitation, Acts of Nature (including fire, flood, earthquake, storm, hurricane or other natural disaster) ; action or inaction of civil or military authority; acts of foreign enemies ; war; terrorism; riot; insurrection; sabotage; epidemics; labor disputes; civil commotion; or interruption, loss or malfunction of utilities, transportation, computer or communications capabilities , and the other Party shall have no right to terminate this Agreement in such circumstances.

 

11.                                Duration and Termination.

 

A.             This Agreement shall become effective with respect to each Fund and class of Shares thereof listed on Exhibit A hereof as of the date hereof and, with respect to each Fund and class of Shares thereof not in existence on that date, on the date an amendment to Exhibit A to this Agreement relating to that Fund and class of Shares thereof is executed.  Unless sooner terminated as provided herein, this Agreement shall continue in effect for two years from the date hereof.  Thereafter, if not terminated, this Agreement shall continue automatically in effect as to each Fund for successive one-year periods, provided such continuance is specifically approved at least annually by (i) (a) the Client’s Board or (b) the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of a Fund and (ii) a majority of the members of the Board who are not interested persons, in accordance with Section 15 of the 1940 Act.

 

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B.             Notwithstanding the foregoing, this Agreement may be terminated, without the payment of any penalty, with respect to a particular Fund (i) through a failure to renew this Agreement at the end of a term or (ii) upon mutual consent of the parties.  Further, this Agreement may be terminated upon no less than 60 days’ written notice, by either the Client through a vote of a majority of the members of the Board who are not interested persons, as that term is defined in the 1940 Act, and have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of this Agreement or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of a Fund, or by the Distributor, provided that should the Client terminate this Agreement pursuant to this sentence prior to the first anniversary of the date of this Agreement, Client will pay to Distributor Sixty Four Thousand Dollars ($64,000) less the total amount of Asset Fees, as provided for on Exhibit B hereto, paid to Distributor up to the date of such termination.

 

C.             This Agreement will automatically terminate, without the payment of any penalty, in the event of its assignment.

 

12.                                Anti-Money Laundering Compliance.

 

A.             Each of Distributor and Client acknowledges that it is a financial institution subject to the USA Patriot Act of 2001 and the Bank Secrecy Act (collectively, the “AML Acts”), which require, among other things, that financial institutions adopt compliance programs to guard against money laundering.

 

B.             The Distributor shall include specific contractual provisions regarding anti-money laundering compliance obligations in agreements entered into by the Distributor with any broker-dealer or other financial intermediary that is authorized to effect transactions in Shares of the Funds.

 

C.             Each of Distributor and Client agrees that it will take such further steps, and cooperate with the other as may be reasonably necessary, to facilitate compliance with the AML Acts, including but not limited to the provision of copies of its written procedures, policies and controls related thereto (“AML Operations”).  Distributor undertakes that it will grant to the Client, the Client’s anti-money laundering compliance officer and appropriate regulatory agencies, reasonable access to copies of Distributor’s AML Operations, and related books and records to the extent they pertain to the Distributor’s services hereunder.  It is expressly understood and agreed that the Client and the Client’s compliance officer shall have no access to any of Distributor’s AML Operations, books or records pertaining to other clients or services of Distributor.

 

13.                                Privacy.  In accordance with Regulation S-P, the Distributor will not disclose any non-public personal information, as defined in Regulation S-P, received from the Client or any Fund regarding any Fund shareholder; provided, however , that the Distributor may disclose such information to any party as necessary in the ordinary course of business to carry out the purposes for which such information was disclosed to the Distributor so long as the party receiving such information agrees to treat such information as Confidential Information under this Agreement.  The Distributor shall have in place and maintain physical, electronic and procedural safeguards

 

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reasonably designed to protect the security, confidentiality and integrity of, and to prevent unauthorized access to or use of, records and information relating to consumers and customers of the Funds.

 

The Distributor agrees to use reasonable precautions to protect, and prevent the unintentional disclosure of, such non-public personal information.

 

14.           Confidentiality.  During the term of this Agreement, the Distributor and the Client may have access to confidential information relating to such matters as either party’s business, trade secrets, systems, procedures, manuals, products, contracts, personnel, and clients.  As used in this Agreement, “Confidential Information” means information belonging to the Distributor or the Client which is of value to such party and the disclosure of which could result in a competitive or other disadvantage to either party, including, without limitation, financial information, business practices and policies, know-how, trade secrets, market or sales information or plans, customer lists, business plans, and all provisions of this Agreement.  Confidential Information does not include: (i) information that was known to the receiving Party before receipt thereof from or on behalf of the Disclosing Party; (ii) information that is disclosed to the Receiving Party by a third person who has a right to make such disclosure without any obligation of confidentiality to the Party seeking to enforce its rights under this Section; (iii) information that is or becomes generally known in the trade without violation of this Agreement by the Receiving Party; or (iv) information that is independently developed by the Receiving Party or its employees or affiliates without reference to the Disclosing Party’s information.

 

Each party will protect the other’s Confidential Information with at least the same degree of care it uses with respect to its own Confidential Information, and will not use the other party’s Confidential Information other than in connection with its obligations hereunder.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, a party may disclose the other’s Confidential Information if (i) required by law, regulation or legal process or if requested by any regulator; (ii) it is advised by counsel that it may incur liability for failure to make such disclosure; (iii) requested to by the other party; provided that in the event of (i) or (ii) the disclosing party shall give the other party reasonable prior notice of such disclosure to the extent reasonably practicable and cooperate with the other party (at such other party’s expense) in any efforts to prevent such disclosure.

 

15.           Notices.  Any notice required or permitted to be given by any party to the others shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been given on the date delivered personally or by courier service or 3 days after sent by registered or certified mail, postage prepaid, return receipt requested or on the date sent and confirmed received by facsimile transmission to the other party’s address as set forth below:

 

Notices to the Distributor shall be sent to:

 

Foreside Distribution Services, L.P.

Attn: Chief Compliance Officer

10 High Street, Suite 302

Boston, MA 02110

Fax: (617) 557-0711

 

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notices to the Client shall be sent to:

 

IVA Fiduciary Trust

Attn:  Michael W. Malafronte

645 Madison Avenue, 12th Floor

New York, NY 10022

Fax: (212) 584-3574

 

16.           Modifications.  The terms of this Agreement shall not be waived, altered, modified, amended or supplemented in any manner whatsoever except by a written instrument signed by the Distributor and the Client.  If required under the 1940 Act, any such amendment must be approved by the Client’s Board, including a majority of the Client’s Board who are not interested persons, as such term is defined in the 1940 Act, of any party to this Agreement, by vote cast in person at a meeting for the purpose of voting on such amendment.

 

17.           Governing Law.  This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware, without regard to the conflicts of law principles thereof.

 

18.           Entire Agreement.  This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the Parties hereto and supersedes all prior communications, understandings and agreements relating to the subject matter hereof, whether oral or written.

 

19.           Survival.  The provisions of Sections 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 13 and 14 of this Agreement shall survive any termination of this Agreement.

 

20.           Miscellaneous.  The captions in this Agreement are included for convenience of reference only and in no way define or delimit any of the provisions hereof or otherwise affect their construction or effect.  Any provision of this Agreement which may be determined by competent authority to be prohibited or unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall, as to such jurisdiction, be ineffective to the extent of such prohibition or unenforceability without invalidating the remaining provisions hereof, and any such prohibition or unenforceability in any jurisdiction shall not invalidate or render unenforceable such provision in any other jurisdiction.  This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors.

 

21.           Counterparts.  This Agreement may be executed by the Parties hereto in any number of counterparts, and all of the counterparts taken together shall be deemed to constitute one and the same document.

 

22.           Notice.  A copy of the Client’s Agreement and Declaration of Trust, as it may be amended or restated in the future, is on file with the Secretary of The Commonwealth of Massachusetts and notice is hereby given that this instrument is executed on behalf of the Trustees of the Trust as Trustees and not individually, and that the obligations of or arising out of this instrument are not binding upon any of the Trustees of the Trust or shareholders of any series of the Trust individually but are binding only upon the assets and property of the Trust or the respective series.

 

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be executed by a duly authorized officer on one or more counterparts as of the date first above written.

 

 

 

 

FORESIDE DISTRIBUTION SERVICES, L.P.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

 /s/ Mark S. Redman

 

 

 

 Mark S. Redman, President

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

IVA FIDUCIARY TRUST

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

 /s/ Michael W. Malafronte

 

 

 

 Michael W. Malafronte

 

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EXHIBIT A

 

Fund Names

 

IVA International Fund

Class A

Class C

Class I

 

IVA Worldwide Fund

Class A

Class C

Class I

 

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Appendix B

 

To: Foreside Distribution Services, L.P.

as Distributor of the IVA Fiduciary Trust

 

Confirmation Pursuant to NASD Notice to Members 03-50

 

As a selected dealer of the Shares of the above-referenced Funds, and pursuant to the terms of our Dealer Agreement, we hereby certify to you that we will at all times comply with (i) the provisions of our Dealer Agreement related to compliance with all applicable rules and regulations; and (ii) the terms of each registration statement and prospectus for the Funds.

 

We have performed a review of our internal controls and procedures to ensure that such controls and procedures are adequate to (i) prevent the submission of any order received after the deadline for submission of orders in each day that are eligible for pricing at that day’s net asset value per share (“NAV”); and (ii) prevent the purchase of Fund Shares by an individual or entity whose stated objectives are not consistent with the stated policies of a Fund in protecting the best interests of longer-term investors, particularly where such customer-investor may be seeking market timing or arbitrage opportunities through such purchase.

 


Exhibit 99.(g)

 

Exhibit (g)

 

MASTER CUSTODIAN AGREEMENT

 

This Agreement is made as of August 21, 2008 by and among each management investment company identified on Appendix A hereto (each such investment company and each management investment company made subject to this Agreement in accordance with Section 19.5 below, shall hereinafter be referred to as a “ Fund ”), and STATE STREET BANK and TRUST COMPANY, a Massachusetts trust company (the “ Custodian ”).

 

WITNESSETH:

 

WHEREAS, each Fund may or may not be authorized to issue shares of common stock or shares of beneficial interest in separate series (“ Shares ”), with each such series representing interests in a separate portfolio of securities and other assets;

 

WHEREAS, each Fund so authorized intends that this Agreement be applicable to each of its series set forth on Appendix A hereto (such series together with all other series subsequently established by the Fund and made subject to this Agreement in accordance with Section 19.6 below, shall hereinafter be referred to as the “ Portfolio(s) ”);

 

WHEREAS, each Fund not so authorized intends that this Agreement be applicable to it and all references hereinafter to one or more “Portfolio(s)” shall be deemed to refer to such Fund(s); and

 

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants and agreements hereinafter contained, the parties hereto agree as follows:

 

SECTION 1.            EMPLOYMENT OF CUSTODIAN AND PROPERTY TO BE HELD BY IT

 

Each Fund hereby employs the Custodian as a custodian of assets of the Portfolios, including securities which the Fund, on behalf of the applicable Portfolio, desires to be held in places within the United States (“ domestic securities ”) and securities it desires to be held outside the United States (“ foreign securities ”).  Each Fund, on behalf of its Portfolio(s), agrees to deliver to the Custodian all securities and cash of the Portfolios, and all payments of income, payments of principal or capital distributions received by it with respect to all securities owned by the Portfolio(s) from time to time, and the cash consideration received by it for such Shares as may be issued or sold from time to time. The Custodian shall not be responsible for any property of a Portfolio which is not received by it or which is delivered out in accordance with Proper Instructions (as such term is defined in Section 8 hereof) including, without limitation, Portfolio property (i) held by brokers, private bankers or other entities on behalf of the Portfolio (each a “ Local Agent ”), (ii) held by Special Sub-Custodians (as such term is defined in Section 6 hereof), (iii) held by entities which have advanced monies to or on behalf of the Portfolio and which have received Portfolio property as security for such advance(s) (each a “ Pledgee ”), or (iv) delivered or otherwise removed from the custody of the Custodian (a) in connection with any Free Trade (as such term is defined in Sections 2.2(14) and 2.6(7) hereof) or (b) pursuant to Special Instructions (as such term is defined in Section 8 hereof).  With respect to uncertificated shares (the “ Underlying Shares ”) of registered “investment companies” (as defined in

 



 

Section 3(a)(1) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended from time to time (the “ 1940 Act ”)), whether in the same “group of investment companies” (as defined in Section 12(d)(1)(G)(ii) of the 1940 Act) or otherwise, including pursuant to Section 12(d)(1)(F) of the 1940 Act (hereinafter sometimes referred to as the “ Underlying Portfolios ”) the holding of confirmation statements that identify the shares as being recorded in the Custodian’s name on behalf of the Portfolios will be deemed custody for purposes hereof.

 

Upon receipt of Proper Instructions, the Custodian shall on behalf of the applicable Portfolio(s) from time to time employ one or more sub-custodians located in the United States, but only in accordance with an applicable vote by the Board of Trustees or the Board of Directors of the Fund (as appropriate, and in each case, the “ Board ”) on behalf of the applicable Portfolio(s), and provided that the Custodian shall have no more or less responsibility or liability to any Fund on account of any actions or omissions of any sub-custodian so employed than any such sub-custodian has to the Custodian.  The Custodian may place and maintain each Fund’s foreign securities with foreign banking institution sub-custodians employed by the Custodian and/or foreign securities depositories, all as designated in Schedules A and B hereto, but only in accordance with the applicable provisions of Sections 3 and 4 hereof.

 

SECTION 2.

 

DUTIES OF THE CUSTODIAN WITH RESPECT TO PROPERTY OF THE PORTFOLIOS TO BE HELD IN THE UNITED STATES

 

SECTION 2.1          HOLDING SECURITIES .  The Custodian shall hold and physically segregate for the account of each Portfolio all non-cash property, to be held by it in the United States, including all domestic securities owned by such Portfolio other than (a) securities which are maintained pursuant to Section 2.8 in a clearing agency which acts as a securities depository or in a book-entry system authorized by the U.S. Department of the Treasury (each, a “ U.S. Securities System ”) and (b) Underlying Shares owned by each Fund which are maintained pursuant to Section 2.10 hereof in an account with State Street Bank and Trust Company or such other entity which may from time to time act as a transfer agent for the Underlying Portfolios and with respect to which the Custodian is provided with Proper Instructions (the “ Underlying Transfer Agent ”).

 

SECTION 2.2          DELIVERY OF SECURITIES .  The Custodian shall release and deliver domestic securities owned by a Portfolio held by the Custodian, in a U.S. Securities System account of the Custodian or in an account at the Underlying Transfer Agent, only upon receipt of Proper Instructions on behalf of the applicable Portfolio, which may be continuing instructions when deemed appropriate by the parties, and only in the following cases:

 

1)              Upon sale of such securities for the account of the Portfolio in accordance with customary or established market practices and procedures, including, without limitation, delivery to the purchaser thereof or to a dealer therefor (or an agent of such purchaser or dealer) against expectation of receiving later payment;

 

2)              Upon the receipt of payment in connection with any repurchase agreement related to such securities entered into by the Portfolio;

 

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3)              In the case of a sale effected through a U.S. Securities System, in accordance with the provisions of Section 2.8 hereof;

 

4)              To the depository agent in connection with tender or other similar offers for securities of the Portfolio;

 

5)              To the issuer thereof or its agent when such securities are called, redeemed, retired or otherwise become payable; provided that, in any such case, the cash or other consideration is to be delivered to the Custodian;

 

6)              To the issuer thereof, or its agent, for transfer into the name of the Portfolio or into the name of any nominee or nominees of the Custodian or into the name or nominee name of any agent appointed pursuant to Section 2.7 or into the name or nominee name of any sub-custodian appointed pursuant to Section 1; or for exchange for a different number of bonds, certificates or other evidence representing the same aggregate face amount or number of units; provided that, in any such case, the new securities are to be delivered to the Custodian;

 

7)              Upon the sale of such securities for the account of the Portfolio, to the broker or its clearing agent, against a receipt, for examination in accordance with “street delivery” custom; provided that in any such case, the Custodian shall have no responsibility or liability for any loss arising from the delivery of such securities prior to receiving payment for such securities except as may arise from the Custodian’s own negligence or willful misconduct;

 

8)              For exchange or conversion pursuant to any plan of merger, consolidation, recapitalization, reorganization or readjustment of the securities of the issuer of such securities, or pursuant to provisions for conversion contained in such securities, or pursuant to any deposit agreement; provided that, in any such case, the new securities and cash, if any, are to be delivered to the Custodian;

 

9)              In the case of warrants, rights or similar securities, the surrender thereof in the exercise of such warrants, rights or similar securities or the surrender of interim receipts or temporary securities for definitive securities; provided that, in any such case, the new securities and cash, if any, are to be delivered to the Custodian;

 

10)            For delivery in connection with any loans of securities made by the Portfolio (a) against receipt of collateral as agreed from time to time by the Fund on behalf of the Portfolio, except that in connection with any loans for which collateral is to be credited to the Custodian’s account in the book-entry system authorized by the U.S. Department of the Treasury, the Custodian will not be held liable or responsible for the delivery of securities owned by the Portfolio prior to the receipt of such collateral or (b) to the lending agent, or the lending agent’s custodian, in accordance with

 

3



 

written Proper Instructions (which may not provide for the receipt by the Custodian of collateral therefor) agreed upon from time to time by the Custodian and the Fund;

 

11)            For delivery as security in connection with any borrowing by a Fund on behalf of a Portfolio requiring a pledge of assets by the Fund on behalf of such Portfolio;

 

12)            For delivery in accordance with the provisions of any agreement among the Fund on behalf of the Portfolio, the Custodian and a broker-dealer registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “ Exchange Act ”) and a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“ FINRA ,” formerly known as The National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc.), relating to compliance with the rules of The Options Clearing Corporation and of any registered national securities exchange, or of any similar organization or organizations, regarding escrow or other arrangements in connection with transactions by the Fund on behalf of a Portfolio;

 

13)            For delivery in accordance with the provisions of any agreement among a Fund on behalf of the Portfolio, the Custodian, and a futures commission merchant registered under the Commodity Exchange Act, relating to compliance with the rules of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (the “ CFTC ”) and/or any contract market, or any similar organization or organizations, regarding account deposits in connection with transactions by the Fund on behalf of a Portfolio;

 

14)            Upon the sale or other delivery of such investments (including, without limitation, to one or more (a) Special Sub-Custodians or (b) additional custodians appointed by the Fund, and communicated to the Custodian from time to time via a writing duly executed by an authorized officer of the Fund, for the purpose of engaging in repurchase agreement transactions(s), each a “ Repo Custodian ”), and prior to receipt of payment therefor, as set forth in written Proper Instructions (such delivery in advance of payment, along with payment in advance of delivery made in accordance with Section 2.6(7), as applicable, shall each be referred to herein as a “ Free Trade ”), provided that such Proper Instructions shall set forth (a) the securities of the Portfolio to be delivered and (b) the person(s) to whom delivery of such securities shall be made;

 

15)            Upon receipt of instructions from the Fund’s transfer agent (the “ Transfer Agent ”) for delivery to such Transfer Agent or to the holders of Shares in connection with distributions in kind, as may be described from time to time in the currently effective prospectus and statement of additional information of the Fund related to the Portfolio (the “ Prospectus ”), in satisfaction of requests by holders of Shares for repurchase or redemption;

 

16)            In the case of a sale processed through the Underlying Transfer Agent of Underlying Shares, in accordance with Section 2.10 hereof;

 

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17)            For delivery as initial or variation margin in connection with futures or options on futures contracts entered into by the Fund on behalf of the Portfolio; and

 

18)            For any other purpose, but only upon receipt of Proper Instructions from the Fund on behalf of the applicable Portfolio specifying (a) the securities of the Portfolio to be delivered and (b) the person or persons to whom delivery of such securities shall be made.

 

SECTION 2.3          REGISTRATION OF SECURITIES .  Domestic securities held by the Custodian (other than bearer securities) shall be registered in the name of the Portfolio or in the name of any nominee of a Fund on behalf of the Portfolio or of any nominee of the Custodian which nominee shall be assigned exclusively to the Portfolio, unless the Fund has authorized in writing the appointment of a nominee to be used in common with other registered management investment companies having the same investment adviser as the Portfolio, or in the name or nominee name of any agent appointed pursuant to Section 2.7 or in the name or nominee name of any sub-custodian appointed pursuant to Section 1.  All securities accepted by the Custodian on behalf of the Portfolio under the terms of this Agreement shall be in “street name” or other good delivery form.  If, however, a Fund directs the Custodian to maintain securities in “street name”, the Custodian shall utilize its best efforts only to timely collect income due the Fund on such securities and to notify the Fund on a best efforts basis only of relevant corporate actions including, without limitation, pendency of calls, maturities, tender or exchange offers.

 

SECTION 2.4          BANK ACCOUNTS .  The Custodian shall open and maintain a separate bank account or accounts in the United States in the name of each Portfolio of each Fund, subject only to draft or order by the Custodian acting pursuant to the terms of this Agreement, and shall hold in such account or accounts, subject to the provisions hereof, all cash received by it from or for the account of the Portfolio, other than cash maintained by the Portfolio in a bank account established and used in accordance with Rule 17f-3 under the 1940 Act.  Funds held by the Custodian for a Portfolio may be deposited by it to its credit as Custodian in the banking department of the Custodian or in such other banks or trust companies as it may in its discretion deem necessary or desirable; provided, however, that every such bank or trust company shall be qualified to act as a custodian under the 1940 Act and that each such bank or trust company and the funds to be deposited with each such bank or trust company shall on behalf of each applicable Portfolio be approved by vote of a majority of the Board.  Such funds shall be deposited by the Custodian in its capacity as Custodian and shall be withdrawable by the Custodian only in that capacity.

 

SECTION 2.5          COLLECTION OF INCOME .  Except with respect to Portfolio property released and delivered pursuant to Section 2.2(14) or purchased pursuant to Section 2.6(7), and subject to the provisions of Section 2.3, the Custodian shall collect on a timely basis all income and other payments with respect to registered domestic securities held hereunder to which each Portfolio shall be entitled either by law or pursuant to custom in the securities business, and shall collect on a timely basis all income and other payments with respect to bearer domestic securities if, on the date of payment by the issuer, such securities are held by the Custodian or its agent.  Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Custodian shall detach and present for payment all coupons and other income items requiring presentation as and when they become due and shall collect interest when

 

5



 

due on securities held hereunder.  The Custodian shall credit income to the Portfolio as such income is received or in accordance with the Custodian’s then current payable date income schedule.  Any credit to the Portfolio in advance of receipt may be reversed when the Custodian determines that payment will not occur in due course and the Portfolio may be charged at the Custodian’s applicable rate for time credited.  Income due each Portfolio on securities loaned pursuant to the provisions of Section 2.2 (10) shall be the responsibility of the applicable Fund.  The Custodian will have no duty or responsibility in connection therewith, other than to provide the Fund with such information or data as may be necessary to assist the Fund in arranging for the timely delivery to the Custodian of the income to which the Portfolio is properly entitled.

 

SECTION 2.6          PAYMENT OF FUND MONIES .  The Custodian shall pay out monies of a Portfolio as provided in Section 5 and otherwise upon receipt of Proper Instructions on behalf of the applicable Portfolio, which may be continuing instructions when deemed appropriate by the parties, the Custodian shall pay out monies of a Portfolio in the following cases only:

 

1)              Upon the purchase of domestic securities, options, futures contracts or options on futures contracts for the account of the Portfolio but only (a) in accordance with customary or established market practices and procedures, including, without limitation, delivering money to the seller thereof or to a dealer therefor (or an agent for such seller or dealer) against expectation of receiving later delivery of such securities or evidence of title to such options, futures contracts or options on futures contracts to the Custodian (or any bank, banking firm or trust company doing business in the United States or abroad which is qualified under the 1940 Act to act as a custodian and has been designated by the Custodian as its agent for this purpose) registered in the name of the Portfolio or in the name of a nominee of the Custodian referred to in Section 2.3 hereof or in proper form for transfer; (b) in the case of a purchase effected through a U.S. Securities System, in accordance with the conditions set forth in Section 2.8 hereof; (c) in the case of a purchase of Underlying Shares, in accordance with the conditions set forth in Section 2.10 hereof; (d) in the case of repurchase agreements entered into between the applicable Fund on behalf of a Portfolio and the Custodian, or another bank, or a broker-dealer which is a member of FINRA, (i) against delivery of the securities either in certificate form or through an entry crediting the Custodian’s account at the Federal Reserve Bank with such securities or (ii) against delivery of the receipt evidencing purchase by the Portfolio of securities owned by the Custodian along with written evidence of the agreement by the Custodian to repurchase such securities from the Portfolio; or (e) for transfer to a time deposit account of the Fund in any bank, whether domestic or foreign; such transfer may be effected prior to receipt of a confirmation from a broker and/or the applicable bank pursuant to Proper Instructions from the Fund as defined herein;

 

2)              In connection with conversion, exchange or surrender of securities owned by the Portfolio as set forth in Section 2.2 hereof;

 

3)              For the redemption or repurchase of Shares issued as set forth in Section 7 hereof;

 

6



 

4)              For the payment of any expense or liability incurred by the Portfolio, including but not limited to the following payments for the account of the Portfolio:  interest, taxes, management, accounting, transfer agent and legal fees, and operating expenses of the Fund whether or not such expenses are to be in whole or part capitalized or treated as deferred expenses;

 

5)              For the payment of any dividends on Shares declared pursuant to the Fund’s articles of incorporation or organization and by-laws or agreement or declaration of trust, as applicable, and Prospectus (collectively, “ Governing Documents ”);

 

6)              For payment of the amount of dividends received in respect of securities sold short;

 

7)              Upon the purchase of domestic investments including, without limitation, repurchase agreement transactions involving delivery of Portfolio monies to Repo Custodian(s), and prior to receipt of such investments, as set forth in written Proper Instructions (such payment in advance of delivery, along with delivery in advance of payment made in accordance with Section 2.2(14), as applicable, shall each be referred to herein as a “ Free Trade ”), provided that such Proper Instructions shall also set forth (a) the amount of such payment and (b) the person(s) to whom such payment is made;

 

8)              For payment as initial or variation margin in connection with futures or options on futures contracts entered into by the Fund on behalf of the Portfolio; and

 

9)              For any other purpose, but only upon receipt of Proper Instructions from the Fund on behalf of the Portfolio specifying (a) the amount of such payment and (b) the person or persons to whom such payment is to be made.

 

SECTION 2.7          APPOINTMENT OF AGENTS .  The Custodian may at any time or times in its discretion appoint (and may at any time remove) any other bank or trust company which is itself qualified under the 1940 Act to act as a custodian, as its agent to carry out such of the provisions of this Section 2 as the Custodian may from time to time direct; provided, however, that the appointment of any agent shall not relieve the Custodian of its responsibilities or liabilities hereunder.  The Underlying Transfer Agent shall not be deemed an agent or sub-custodian of the Custodian for purposes of this Section 2.7 or any other provision of this Agreement.

 

SECTION 2.8          DEPOSIT OF FUND ASSETS IN U.S. SECURITIES SYSTEMS .  The Custodian may deposit and/or maintain securities owned by a Portfolio in a U.S. Securities System in compliance with the conditions of Rule 17f-4 under the 1940 Act, as amended from time to time.

 

SECTION 2.9          SEGREGATED ACCOUNT .  The Custodian shall upon receipt of Proper Instructions on behalf of each applicable Portfolio, establish and maintain a segregated account or accounts for and on behalf of each such Portfolio, into which account or accounts may be transferred cash and/or securities, including securities maintained in an account by the Custodian pursuant to Section 2.8 hereof, (a) in accordance with the provisions of any agreement among the Fund on

 

7



 

behalf of the Portfolio, the Custodian and a broker-dealer registered under the Exchange Act and a member of FINRA (or any futures commission merchant registered under the Commodity Exchange Act), relating to compliance with the rules of The Options Clearing Corporation and of any registered national securities exchange (or the CFTC or any registered contract market), or of any similar organization or organizations, regarding escrow or other arrangements in connection with transactions by the Portfolio, (b) for purposes of segregating cash or government securities in connection with options purchased, sold or written by the Portfolio or commodity futures contracts or options thereon purchased or sold by the Portfolio, (c) for the purposes of compliance by the Portfolio with the procedures required by Investment Company Act Release No. 10666, or any subsequent release of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “ SEC ”), or interpretative opinion of the staff of the SEC, relating to the maintenance of segregated accounts by registered management investment companies, and (d) for any other purpose in accordance with Proper Instructions.

 

SECTION 2.10        DEPOSIT OF FUND ASSETS WITH THE UNDERLYING TRANSFER AGENT .  Underlying Shares beneficially owned by the Fund, on behalf of a Portfolio, shall be deposited and/or maintained in an account or accounts maintained with an Underlying Transfer Agent and the Custodian’s only responsibilities with respect thereto shall be limited to the following:

 

1)              Upon receipt of a confirmation or statement from an Underlying Transfer Agent that such Underlying Transfer Agent is holding or maintaining Underlying Shares in the name of the Custodian (or a nominee of the Custodian) for the benefit of a Portfolio, the Custodian shall identify by book-entry that such Underlying Shares are being held by it as custodian for the benefit of such Portfolio.

 

2)              In respect of the purchase of Underlying Shares for the account of a Portfolio, upon receipt of Proper Instructions, the Custodian shall pay out monies of such Portfolio as so directed, and record such payment from the account of such Portfolio on the Custodian’s books and records.

 

3)              In respect of the sale or redemption of Underlying Shares for the account of a Portfolio, upon receipt of Proper Instructions, the Custodian shall transfer such Underlying Shares as so directed, record such transfer from the account of such Portfolio on the Custodian’s books and records and, upon the Custodian’s receipt of the proceeds therefor, record such payment for the account of such Portfolio on the Custodian’s books and records.

 

The Custodian shall not be liable to the Fund for any loss or damage to the Fund or any Portfolio resulting from the maintenance of Underlying Shares with an Underlying Transfer Agent except for losses resulting directly from the fraud, negligence or willful misconduct of the Custodian or any of its agents or of any of its or their employees.

 

SECTION 2.11        OWNERSHIP CERTIFICATES FOR TAX PURPOSES .  The Custodian shall execute ownership and other certificates and affidavits for all federal and state tax purposes in connection

 

8



 

with receipt of income or other payments with respect to domestic securities of each Portfolio held by it and in connection with transfers of securities.

 

SECTION 2.12        PROXIES .  Except with respect to Portfolio property released and delivered pursuant to Section 2.2(14), or purchased pursuant to Section 2.6(7), the Custodian shall, with respect to the domestic securities held hereunder, cause to be promptly executed by the registered holder of such securities, if the securities are registered otherwise than in the name of the Portfolio or a nominee of the Portfolio, all proxies, without indication of the manner in which such proxies are to be voted, and shall promptly deliver to the Fund such proxies, all proxy soliciting materials and all notices relating to such securities.

 

SECTION 2.13        COMMUNICATIONS RELATING TO PORTFOLIO SECURITIES .  Except with respect to Portfolio property released and delivered pursuant to Section 2.2(14), or purchased pursuant to Section 2.6(7), and subject to the provisions of Section 2.3, the Custodian shall transmit promptly to the applicable Fund for each Portfolio all written information (including, without limitation, pendency of calls and maturities of domestic securities and expirations of rights in connection therewith and notices of exercise of call and put options written by the Fund on behalf of the Portfolio and the maturity of futures contracts purchased or sold by the Fund on behalf of the Portfolio) received by the Custodian from issuers of the securities being held for the Portfolio.  With respect to tender or exchange offers, the Custodian shall transmit promptly to the applicable Fund all written information received by the Custodian from issuers of the securities whose tender or exchange is sought and from the party (or its agents) making the tender or exchange offer.  The Custodian shall not be liable for any untimely exercise of any tender, exchange or other right or power in connection with domestic securities or other property of the Portfolios at any time held by it unless (i) the Custodian is in actual possession of such domestic securities or property and (ii) the Custodian receives Proper Instructions with regard to the exercise of any such right or power, and both (i) and (ii) occur at least three business days prior to the date on which the Custodian is to take action to exercise such right or power.  The Custodian shall also transmit promptly to the applicable Fund for each Portfolio all written information received by the Custodian regarding any class action or other litigation in connection with Portfolio securities or other assets issued in the United States and then held, or previously held, during the term of this Agreement by the Custodian for the account of the Fund for such Portfolio, including, but not limited to, opt-out notices and proof-of-claim forms. For avoidance of doubt, upon and after the effective date of any termination of this Agreement, with respect to a Fund or its Portfolio(s), as may be applicable, the Custodian shall have no responsibility to so transmit any information under this Section 2.13.

 

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SECTION 3.            PROVISIONS RELATING TO RULES 17F-5 AND 17F-7

 

SECTION 3.1          DEFINITIONS .  As used throughout this Agreement, the capitalized terms set forth below shall have the indicated meanings:

 

Country Risk ” means all factors reasonably related to the systemic risk of holding Foreign Assets in a particular country including, but not limited to, such country’s political environment, economic and financial infrastructure (including any Eligible Securities Depository operating in the country), prevailing or developing custody and settlement practices, and laws and regulations applicable to the safekeeping and recovery of Foreign Assets held in custody in that country.

 

Eligible Foreign Custodian ” has the meaning set forth in section (a)(1) of Rule 17f-5, including a majority-owned or indirect subsidiary of a U.S. Bank (as defined in Rule 17f-5), a bank holding company meeting the requirements of an Eligible Foreign Custodian (as set forth in Rule 17f-5 or by other appropriate action of the SEC), or a foreign branch of a Bank (as defined in Section 2(a)(5) of the 1940 Act) meeting the requirements of a custodian under Section 17(f) of the 1940 Act; the term does not include any Eligible Securities Depository.

 

Eligible Securities Depository ” has the meaning set forth in section (b)(1) of Rule 17f-7.

 

Foreign Assets ” means any of the Portfolios’ investments (including foreign currencies) for which the primary market is outside the United States and such cash and cash equivalents as are reasonably necessary to effect the Portfolios’ transactions in such investments.

 

Foreign Custody Manager ” has the meaning set forth in section (a)(3) of Rule 17f-5.

 

Rule 17f-5 ” means Rule 17f-5 promulgated under the 1940 Act.

 

Rule 17f-7 ” means Rule 17f-7 promulgated under the 1940 Act.

 

SECTION 3.2          THE CUSTODIAN AS FOREIGN CUSTODY MANAGER .

 

3.2.1         DELEGATION TO THE CUSTODIAN AS FOREIGN CUSTODY MANAGER . Each Fund, by resolution adopted by its Board, hereby delegates to the Custodian, subject to Section (b) of Rule 17f-5, the responsibilities set forth in this Section 3.2 with respect to Foreign Assets of the Portfolios held outside the United States, and the Custodian hereby accepts such delegation as Foreign Custody Manager with respect to the Portfolios.

 

3.2.2         COUNTRIES COVERED .   The Foreign Custody Manager shall be responsible for performing the delegated responsibilities defined below only with respect to the countries and custody arrangements for each such country listed on Schedule A to this Agreement, which list of countries may be amended from time to time by any Fund with the agreement of the Foreign Custody Manager.  The Foreign Custody Manager shall list on Schedule A the Eligible Foreign Custodians selected by the Foreign Custody Manager to maintain the assets of the Portfolios, which

 

10



 

list of Eligible Foreign Custodians may be amended from time to time in the sole discretion of the Foreign Custody Manager.  The Foreign Custody Manager will provide amended versions of Schedule A in accordance with Section 3.2.5 hereof.

 

Upon the receipt by the Foreign Custody Manager of Proper Instructions to open an account or to place or maintain Foreign Assets in a country listed on Schedule A, and the fulfillment by each Fund, on behalf of the applicable Portfolio(s), of the applicable account opening requirements for such country, the Foreign Custody Manager shall be deemed to have been delegated by such Fund’s Board on behalf of such Portfolio(s) responsibility as Foreign Custody Manager with respect to that country and to have accepted such delegation.  Execution of this Agreement by each Fund shall be deemed to be a Proper Instruction to open an account, or to place or maintain Foreign Assets, in each country listed on Schedule A.  Following the receipt of Proper Instructions directing the Foreign Custody Manager to close the account of a Portfolio with the Eligible Foreign Custodian selected by the Foreign Custody Manager in a designated country, the delegation by the Board on behalf of such Portfolio to the Custodian as Foreign Custody Manager for that country shall be deemed to have been withdrawn and the Custodian shall immediately cease to be the Foreign Custody Manager with respect to such Portfolio with respect to that country.

 

The Foreign Custody Manager may withdraw its acceptance of delegated responsibilities with respect to a designated country upon written notice to the Fund.  Thirty days (or such longer period to which the parties agree in writing) after receipt of any such notice by the Fund, the Custodian shall have no further responsibility in its capacity as Foreign Custody Manager to the Fund with respect to the country as to which the Custodian’s acceptance of delegation is withdrawn.

 

3.2.3         SCOPE OF DELEGATED RESPONSIBILITIES :

 

(a)            SELECTION OF ELIGIBLE FOREIGN CUSTODIANS .   Subject to the provisions of this Section 3.2, the Foreign Custody Manager may place and maintain the Foreign Assets in the care of the Eligible Foreign Custodian selected by the Foreign Custody Manager in each country listed on Schedule A, as amended from time to time.  In performing its delegated responsibilities as Foreign Custody Manager to place or maintain Foreign Assets with an Eligible Foreign Custodian, the Foreign Custody Manager shall determine that the Foreign Assets will be subject to reasonable care, based on the standards applicable to custodians in the country in which the Foreign Assets will be held by that Eligible Foreign Custodian, after considering all factors relevant to the safekeeping of such assets, including, without limitation the factors specified in Rule 17f-5(c)(1).

 

(b)            CONTRACTS WITH ELIGIBLE FOREIGN CUSTODIANS .   The Foreign Custody Manager shall determine that the contract governing the foreign custody arrangements with each Eligible Foreign Custodian selected by the Foreign Custody Manager will satisfy the requirements of Rule 17f-5(c)(2).

 

(c)            MONITORING .  In each case in which the Foreign Custody Manager maintains Foreign Assets with an Eligible Foreign Custodian selected by the Foreign Custody Manager, the Foreign Custody Manager shall establish a system to monitor (i) the appropriateness of maintaining the Foreign Assets with such Eligible Foreign Custodian and (ii) the contract governing the custody

 

11



 

arrangements established by the Foreign Custody Manager with the Eligible Foreign Custodian.  In the event the Foreign Custody Manager determines that the custody arrangements with an Eligible Foreign Custodian it has selected are no longer appropriate, the Foreign Custody Manager shall notify the Board in accordance with Section 3.2.5 hereunder.

 

3.2.4         GUIDELINES FOR THE EXERCISE OF DELEGATED AUTHORITY .   For purposes of this Section 3.2, the Board shall be deemed to have considered and determined to accept such Country Risk as is incurred by placing and maintaining the Foreign Assets in each country for which the Custodian is serving as Foreign Custody Manager of the Portfolios.

 

3.2.5         REPORTING REQUIREMENTS .   The Foreign Custody Manager shall report the withdrawal of the Foreign Assets from an Eligible Foreign Custodian and the placement of such Foreign Assets with another Eligible Foreign Custodian by providing to the Board an amended Schedule A at the end of the calendar quarter in which an amendment to such Schedule has occurred.  The Foreign Custody Manager shall make written reports notifying the Board of any other material change in the foreign custody arrangements of the Portfolios described in this Section 3.2 after the occurrence of the material change.

 

3.2.6         STANDARD OF CARE AS FOREIGN CUSTODY MANAGER OF A PORTFOLIO .   In performing the responsibilities delegated to it, the Foreign Custody Manager agrees to exercise reasonable care, prudence and diligence such as a person having responsibility for the safekeeping of assets of management investment companies registered under the 1940 Act would exercise.

 

3.2.7         REPRESENTATIONS WITH RESPECT TO RULE 17F-5 .   The Foreign Custody Manager represents to each Fund that it is a U.S. Bank as defined in section (a)(7) of Rule 17f-5.  Each Fund represents to the Custodian that its Board has determined that it is reasonable for such Board to rely on the Custodian to perform the responsibilities delegated pursuant to this Agreement to the Custodian as the Foreign Custody Manager of the Portfolios.

 

3.2.8         EFFECTIVE DATE AND TERMINATION OF THE CUSTODIAN AS FOREIGN CUSTODY MANAGER .   Each Board’s delegation to the Custodian as Foreign Custody Manager of the Portfolios shall be effective as of the date hereof and shall remain in effect until terminated at any time, without penalty, by written notice from the terminating party to the non-terminating party.  Termination will become effective thirty (30) days after receipt by the non-terminating party of such notice.  The provisions of Section 3.2.2 hereof shall govern the delegation to and termination of the Custodian as Foreign Custody Manager of the Portfolios with respect to designated countries.

 

SECTION 3.3          ELIGIBLE SECURITIES DEPOSITORIES .

 

3.3.1         ANALYSIS AND MONITORING .  The Custodian shall (a) provide the Fund (or its duly-authorized investment manager or investment adviser) with an analysis of the custody risks associated with maintaining assets with the Eligible Securities Depositories set forth on Schedule B hereto in accordance with section (a)(1)(i)(A) of Rule 17f-7, and (b) monitor such risks on a continuing basis, and promptly notify the Fund (or its duly-authorized investment manager or

 

12



 

investment adviser) of any material change in such risks, in accordance with section (a)(1)(i)(B) of Rule 17f-7.

 

3.3.2         STANDARD OF CARE .   The Custodian agrees to exercise reasonable care, prudence and diligence in performing the duties set forth in Section 3.3.1.

 

SECTION 4.

 

DUTIES OF THE CUSTODIAN WITH RESPECT TO PROPERTY OF THE PORTFOLIOS TO BE HELD OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES

 

SECTION 4.1          DEFINITIONS .  As used throughout this Agreement, the capitalized terms set forth below shall have the indicated meanings:

 

Foreign Securities System ” means an Eligible Securities Depository listed on Schedule B hereto.

 

Foreign Sub-Custodian ” means a foreign banking institution serving as an Eligible Foreign Custodian.

 

SECTION 4.2          HOLDING SECURITIES .  The Custodian shall identify on its books as belonging to the Portfolios the foreign securities held by each Foreign Sub-Custodian or Foreign Securities System.  The Custodian may hold foreign securities for all of its customers, including the Portfolios, with any Foreign Sub-Custodian in an account that is identified as belonging to the Custodian for the benefit of its customers, provided however, that (i) the records of the Custodian with respect to foreign securities of the Portfolios which are maintained in such account shall identify those securities as belonging to the Portfolios and (ii), to the extent permitted and customary in the market in which the account is maintained, the Custodian shall require that securities so held by the Foreign Sub-Custodian be held separately from any assets of such Foreign Sub-Custodian or of other customers of such Foreign Sub-Custodian.

 

SECTION 4.3          FOREIGN SECURITIES SYSTEMS .  Foreign securities shall be maintained in a Foreign Securities System in a designated country through arrangements implemented by the Custodian or a Foreign Sub-Custodian, as applicable, in such country.

 

SECTION 4.4          TRANSACTIONS IN FOREIGN CUSTODY ACCOUNT .

 

4.4.1         DELIVERY OF FOREIGN ASSETS .  The Custodian or a Foreign Sub-Custodian shall release and deliver foreign securities of the Portfolios held by the Custodian or such Foreign Sub-Custodian, or in a Foreign Securities System account, only upon receipt of Proper Instructions, which may be continuing instructions when deemed appropriate by the parties, and only in the following cases:

 

(i)

Upon the sale of such foreign securities for the Portfolio in accordance with commercially reasonable market practice in the country where such foreign securities are held or traded, including, without limitation: (A) delivery against expectation of receiving later payment; or (B) in the case of a sale effected through a Foreign

 

13



 

 

Securities System, in accordance with the rules governing the operation of the Foreign Securities System;

 

 

(ii)

In connection with any repurchase agreement related to foreign securities;

 

 

(iii)

To the depository agent in connection with tender or other similar offers for foreign securities of the Portfolios;

 

 

(iv)

To the issuer thereof or its agent when such foreign securities are called, redeemed, retired or otherwise become payable;

 

 

(v)

To the issuer thereof, or its agent, for transfer into the name of the Custodian (or the name of the respective Foreign Sub-Custodian or of any nominee of the Custodian or such Foreign Sub-Custodian) or for exchange for a different number of bonds, certificates or other evidence representing the same aggregate face amount or number of units;

 

 

(vi)

To brokers, clearing banks or other clearing agents for examination or trade execution in accordance with market custom; provided that in any such case, the Foreign Sub-Custodian shall have no responsibility or liability for any loss arising from the delivery of such foreign securities prior to receiving payment for such foreign securities except as may arise from the Foreign Sub-Custodian’s own negligence or willful misconduct;

 

 

(vii)

For exchange or conversion pursuant to any plan of merger, consolidation, recapitalization, reorganization or readjustment of the securities of the issuer of such securities, or pursuant to provisions for conversion contained in such securities, or pursuant to any deposit agreement;

 

 

(viii)

In the case of warrants, rights or similar foreign securities, the surrender thereof in the exercise of such warrants, rights or similar securities or the surrender of interim receipts or temporary securities for definitive securities;

 

 

(ix)

For delivery as security in connection with any borrowing by a Fund on behalf of a Portfolio requiring a pledge of assets by the Fund on behalf of such Portfolio;

 

 

(x)

In connection with trading in options and futures contracts, including delivery as original margin and variation margin;

 

 

(xi)

Upon the sale or other delivery of such foreign securities (including, without limitation, to one or more Special Sub-Custodians or Repo Custodians) as a Free Trade, provided that applicable Proper Instructions shall set forth (A) the foreign securities to be delivered and (B) the person or persons to whom delivery shall be made;

 

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(xii)

In connection with the lending of foreign securities; and

 

 

(xiii)

For any other purpose, but only upon receipt of Proper Instructions specifying (A) the foreign securities to be delivered and (B) the person or persons to whom delivery of such securities shall be made.

 

4.4.2         PAYMENT OF PORTFOLIO MONIES .  Upon receipt of Proper Instructions, which may be continuing instructions when deemed appropriate by the parties, the Custodian shall pay out, or direct the respective Foreign Sub-Custodian or the respective Foreign Securities System to pay out, monies of a Portfolio in the following cases only:

 

(i)

Upon the purchase of foreign securities for the Portfolio, unless otherwise directed by Proper Instructions, by (A) delivering money to the seller thereof or to a dealer therefor (or an agent for such seller or dealer) against expectation of receiving later delivery of such foreign securities; or (B) in the case of a purchase effected through a Foreign Securities System, in accordance with the rules governing the operation of such Foreign Securities System;

 

 

(ii)

In connection with the conversion, exchange or surrender of foreign securities of the Portfolio;

 

 

(iii)

For the payment of any expense or liability of the Portfolio, including but not limited to the following payments: interest, taxes, investment advisory fees, transfer agency fees, fees under this Agreement, legal fees, accounting fees, and other operating expenses;

 

 

(iv)

For the purchase or sale of foreign exchange or foreign exchange contracts for the Portfolio, including transactions executed with or through the Custodian or its Foreign Sub-Custodians;

 

 

(v)

In connection with trading in options and futures contracts, including delivery as original margin and variation margin;

 

 

(vi)

Upon the purchase of foreign investments including, without limitation, repurchase agreement transactions involving delivery of Portfolio monies to Repo Custodian(s), as a Free Trade, provided that applicable Proper Instructions shall set forth (A) the amount of such payment and (B) the person or persons to whom payment shall be made;

 

 

(vii)

For payment of part or all of the dividends received in respect of securities sold short;

 

 

(viii)

In connection with the borrowing or lending of foreign securities; and

 

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(ix)

For any other purpose, but only upon receipt of Proper Instructions specifying (A) the amount of such payment and (B) the person or persons to whom such payment is to be made.

 

4.4.3         MARKET CONDITIONS .  Notwithstanding any provision of this Agreement to the contrary, settlement and payment for Foreign Assets received for the account of the Portfolios and delivery of Foreign Assets maintained for the account of the Portfolios may be effected in accordance with the customary established securities trading or processing practices and procedures in the country or market in which the transaction occurs, including, without limitation, delivering Foreign Assets to the purchaser thereof or to a dealer therefor (or an agent for such purchaser or dealer) with the expectation of receiving later payment for such Foreign Assets from such purchaser or dealer.

 

The Custodian shall provide to each Board the information with respect to custody and settlement practices in countries in which the Custodian employs a Foreign Sub-Custodian described on Schedule C hereto at the time or times set forth on such Schedule.  The Custodian may revise Schedule C from time to time, provided that no such revision shall result in a Board being provided with substantively less information than had been previously provided hereunder.

 

SECTION 4.5          REGISTRATION OF FOREIGN SECURITIES .  The foreign securities maintained in the custody of a Foreign Sub-Custodian (other than bearer securities) shall be registered in the name of the applicable Portfolio or in the name of the Custodian or in the name of any Foreign Sub-Custodian or in the name of any nominee of the foregoing, and the applicable Fund on behalf of such Portfolio agrees to hold any such nominee harmless from any liability as a holder of record of such foreign securities. The Custodian or a Foreign Sub-Custodian shall not be obligated to accept securities on behalf of a Portfolio under the terms of this Agreement unless the form of such securities and the manner in which they are delivered are in accordance with reasonable market practice.

 

SECTION 4.6          BANK ACCOUNTS .  The Custodian shall identify on its books as belonging to the applicable Fund cash (including cash denominated in foreign currencies) deposited with the Custodian.  Where the Custodian is unable to maintain, or market practice does not facilitate the maintenance of, cash on the books of the Custodian, a bank account or bank accounts shall be opened and maintained outside the United States on behalf of a Portfolio with a Foreign Sub-Custodian.  All accounts referred to in this Section shall be subject only to draft or order by the Custodian (or, if applicable, such Foreign Sub-Custodian) acting pursuant to the terms of this Agreement to hold cash received by or from or for the account of the Portfolio.  Cash maintained on the books of the Custodian (including its branches, subsidiaries and affiliates), regardless of currency denomination, is maintained in bank accounts established under, and subject to the laws of, The Commonwealth of Massachusetts.

 

SECTION 4.7          COLLECTION OF INCOME .  The Custodian shall use reasonable commercial efforts to collect all income and other payments with respect to the Foreign Assets held hereunder to which the Portfolios shall be entitled.  In the event that extraordinary measures are required to collect such income, the Fund and the Custodian shall consult as to such measures and as to the

 

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compensation and expenses of the Custodian relating to such measures.  The Custodian shall credit income to the applicable Portfolio as such income is received or in accordance with Custodian’s then current payable date income schedule.  Any credit to the Portfolio in advance of receipt may be reversed when the Custodian determines that payment will not occur in due course and the Portfolio may be charged at the Custodian’s applicable rate for time credited.  Income on securities loaned other than from the Custodian’s securities lending program shall be credited as received.

 

SECTION 4.8          SHAREHOLDER RIGHTS .   With respect to the foreign securities held pursuant to this Section 4, the Custodian shall use reasonable commercial efforts to facilitate the exercise of voting and other shareholder rights, subject always to the laws, regulations and practical constraints that may exist in the country where such securities are issued.  Each Fund acknowledges that local conditions, including lack of regulation, onerous procedural obligations, lack of notice and other factors may have the effect of severely limiting the ability of such Fund to exercise shareholder rights.

 

SECTION 4.9          COMMUNICATIONS RELATING TO FOREIGN SECURITIES .   The Custodian shall transmit promptly to the applicable Fund written information with respect to materials received by the Custodian via the Foreign Sub-Custodians from issuers of the foreign securities being held for the account of the Portfolios (including, without limitation, pendency of calls and maturities of foreign securities and expirations of rights in connection therewith).  With respect to tender or exchange offers, the Custodian shall transmit promptly to the applicable Fund written information with respect to materials so received by the Custodian from issuers of the foreign securities whose tender or exchange is sought or from the party (or its agents) making the tender or exchange offer.  The Custodian shall not be liable for any untimely exercise of any tender, exchange or other right or power in connection with foreign securities or other property of the Portfolios at any time held by it unless (i) the Custodian or the respective Foreign Sub-Custodian is in actual possession of such foreign securities or property and (ii) the Custodian receives Proper Instructions with regard to the exercise of any such right or power, and both (i) and (ii) occur at least three business days prior to the date on which the Custodian is to take action to exercise such right or power.  The Custodian shall also transmit promptly to the applicable Fund all written information received by the Custodian via the Foreign Sub-Custodians from issuers of the foreign securities being held for the account of the Portfolios regarding any class action or other litigation in connection with Portfolio foreign securities or other assets issued outside the United States and then held, or previously held, during the term of this Agreement by the Custodian via a Foreign Sub-Custodian for the account of the Fund for such Portfolio, including, but not limited to, opt-out notices and proof-of-claim forms. For avoidance of doubt, upon and after the effective date of any termination of this Agreement, with respect to a Fund or its Portfolio(s), as may be applicable, the Custodian shall have no responsibility to so transmit any information under this Section 4.9.

 

SECTION 4.10        LIABILITY OF FOREIGN SUB-CUSTODIANS .  Each agreement pursuant to which the Custodian employs a Foreign Sub-Custodian shall, to the extent possible, require the Foreign Sub-Custodian to exercise reasonable care in the performance of its duties, and to indemnify, and hold harmless, the Custodian from and against any loss, damage, cost, expense, liability or claim arising out of or in connection with the Foreign Sub-Custodian’s performance of such obligations.

 

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At a Fund’s election, the Portfolios shall be entitled to be subrogated to the rights of the Custodian with respect to any claims against a Foreign Sub-Custodian as a consequence of any such loss, damage, cost, expense, liability or claim if and to the extent that the Portfolios have not been made whole for any such loss, damage, cost, expense, liability or claim.

 

SECTION 4.11        TAX LAW .  The Custodian shall have no responsibility or liability for any obligations now or hereafter imposed on any Fund, the Portfolios or the Custodian as custodian of the Portfolios by the tax law of the United States or of any state or political subdivision thereof.  It shall be the responsibility of each Fund to notify the Custodian of the obligations imposed on such Fund with respect to the Portfolios or the Custodian as custodian of the Portfolios by the tax law of countries other than those mentioned in the above sentence, including responsibility for withholding and other taxes, assessments or other governmental charges, certifications and governmental reporting.  The sole responsibility of the Custodian with regard to such tax law shall be to use reasonable efforts to assist the Fund with respect to any claim for exemption or refund under the tax law of countries for which such Fund has provided such information.

 

SECTION 4.12        LIABILITY OF CUSTODIAN .  The Custodian shall be liable for the acts or omissions of a Foreign Sub-Custodian to the same extent as set forth with respect to sub-custodians generally in this Agreement and, regardless of whether assets are maintained in the custody of a Foreign Sub-Custodian or a Foreign Securities System, the Custodian shall not be liable for any loss, damage, cost, expense, liability or claim resulting from nationalization, expropriation, currency restrictions, or acts of war or terrorism, or any other loss where the Sub-Custodian has otherwise acted with reasonable care.

 

SECTION 5.            CONTRACTUAL SETTLEMENT SERVICES (PURCHASE / SALES)

 

SECTION 5.1          The Custodian shall, in accordance with the terms set out in this section, debit or credit the appropriate cash account of each Portfolio in connection with (i) the purchase of securities for such Portfolio, and (ii) proceeds of the sale of securities held on behalf of such Portfolio, on a contractual settlement basis.

 

SECTION 5.2          The services described above (the “ Contractual Settlement Services ”) shall be provided for such instruments and in such markets as the Custodian may advise from time to time. The Custodian may terminate or suspend any part of the provision of the Contractual Settlement Services under this Agreement at its sole discretion immediately upon notice to the applicable Fund on behalf of each Portfolio, including, without limitation, in the event of force majeure events affecting settlement, any disorder in markets, or other changed external business circumstances affecting the markets or the Fund.

 

SECTION 5.3          The consideration payable in connection with a purchase transaction shall be debited from the appropriate cash account of the Portfolio as of the time and date that monies would ordinarily be required to settle such transaction in the applicable market.  The Custodian shall promptly recredit such amount at the time that the Portfolio or the Fund notifies the Custodian by Proper Instruction that such transaction has been canceled.

 

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SECTION 5.4          With respect to the settlement of a sale of securities, a provisional credit of an amount equal to the net sale price for the transaction (the “ Settlement Amount ”) shall be made to the account of the Portfolio as if the Settlement Amount had been received as of the close of business on the date that monies would ordinarily be available in good funds in the applicable market.  Such provisional credit will be made conditional upon the Custodian having received Proper Instructions with respect to, or reasonable notice of, the transaction, as applicable; and the Custodian or its agents having possession of the asset(s) (which shall exclude assets subject to any third party lending arrangement entered into by a Portfolio) associated with the transaction in good deliverable form and not being aware of any facts which would lead them to believe that the transaction will not settle in the time period ordinarily applicable to such transactions in the applicable market.

 

SECTION 5.5          Simultaneously with the making of such provisional credit, the Portfolio agrees that the Custodian shall have, and hereby grants to the Custodian, a security interest in any property at any time held for the account of the Portfolio to the full extent of the credited amount, and each Portfolio hereby pledges, assigns and grants to the Custodian a continuing security interest and a lien on any and all such property under the Custodian’s possession, in accordance with the terms of this Agreement.  In the event that the applicable Portfolio fails to promptly repay any provisional credit, the Custodian shall have all of the rights and remedies of a secured party under the Uniform Commercial Code of The Commonwealth of Massachusetts.

 

SECTION 5.6          The Custodian shall have the right to reverse any provisional credit or debit given in connection with the Contractual Settlement Services at any time when the Custodian believes, in its reasonable judgment, that such transaction will not settle in accordance with its terms or amounts due pursuant thereto, will not be collectable or where the Custodian has not been provided Proper Instructions with respect thereto, as applicable, and the Portfolio shall be responsible for any costs or liabilities resulting from such reversal.  Upon such reversal, a sum equal to the credited or debited amount shall become immediately payable by the Portfolio to the Custodian and may be debited from any cash account held for benefit of the Portfolio.

 

SECTION 5.7          In the event that the Custodian is unable to debit an account of the Portfolio, and the Portfolio fails to pay any amount due to the Custodian at the time such amount becomes payable in accordance with this Agreement, (i) the Custodian may charge the Portfolio for costs and expenses associated with providing the provisional credit, including without limitation the cost of funds associated therewith, (ii) the amount of any accrued dividends, interest and other distributions with respect to assets associated with such transaction may be set off against the credited amount, (iii) the provisional credit and any such costs and expenses shall be considered an advance of cash for purposes of the Agreement and (iv) the Custodian shall have the right to setoff against any property and to sell, exchange, convey, transfer or otherwise dispose of any property at any time held for the account of the Portfolio to the full extent necessary for the Custodian to make itself whole.

 

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SECTION 6.            SPECIAL SUB-CUSTODIANS

 

Upon receipt of Special Instructions (as such term is defined in Section 8 hereof), the Custodian shall, on behalf of one or more Portfolios, appoint one or more banks, trust companies or other entities designated in such Special Instructions to act as a sub-custodian for the purposes of effecting such transaction(s) as may be designated by a Fund in Special Instructions.  Each such designated sub-custodian is referred to herein as a “ Special Sub-Custodian .” Each such duly appointed Special Sub-Custodian shall be listed on Schedule D hereto, as it may be amended from time to time by a Fund, with the acknowledgment of the Custodian.  In connection with the appointment of any Special Sub-Custodian, and in accordance with Special Instructions, the Custodian shall enter into a sub-custodian agreement with the Fund and the Special Sub-Custodian in form and substance approved by such Fund, provided that such agreement shall in all events comply with the provisions of the 1940 Act and the rules and regulations thereunder and the terms and provisions of this Agreement.

 

SECTION 7.            PAYMENTS FOR SALES OR REPURCHASES OR REDEMPTIONS OF SHARES

 

The Custodian shall receive from the distributor of the Shares or from the Transfer Agent and deposit into the account of the appropriate Portfolio such payments as are received for Shares thereof issued or sold from time to time by the applicable Fund.  The Custodian will provide timely notification to such Fund on behalf of each such Portfolio and the Transfer Agent of any receipt by it of payments for Shares of such Portfolio.

 

From such funds as may be available for the purpose, the Custodian shall, upon receipt of instructions from the Transfer Agent, make funds available for payment to holders of Shares who have delivered to the Transfer Agent a request for redemption or repurchase of their Shares.  In connection with the redemption or repurchase of Shares, the Custodian is authorized upon receipt of instructions from the Transfer Agent to wire funds to or through a commercial bank designated by the redeeming shareholders.  In connection with the redemption or repurchase of Shares, the Custodian shall honor checks drawn on the Custodian by a holder of Shares, which checks have been furnished by a Fund to the holder of Shares, when presented to the Custodian in accordance with such procedures and controls as are mutually agreed upon from time to time between such Fund and the Custodian.

 

SECTION 8.            PROPER INSTRUCTIONS AND SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS

 

Proper Instructions , which may also be standing instructions, as such term is used throughout this Agreement shall mean instructions received by the Custodian from a Fund, a Fund’s duly authorized investment manager or investment adviser, or a person or entity duly authorized by either of them.  Such instructions may be in writing signed by the authorized person or persons or may be in a tested communication or in a communication utilizing access codes effected between electro-mechanical or electronic devices or may be by such other means and utilizing such intermediary systems and utilities as may be agreed from time to time by the Custodian and the person(s) or entity giving such instruction, provided that the Fund has followed any security procedures agreed to from time to time by the applicable Fund and the Custodian including, but not limited to, the security procedures

 

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selected by the Fund via the form of Funds Transfer Addendum hereto.  Oral instructions will be considered Proper Instructions if the Custodian reasonably believes them to have been given by a person authorized to provide such instructions with respect to the transaction involved; the Fund shall cause all oral instructions to be confirmed in writing.  For purposes of this Section, Proper Instructions shall include instructions received by the Custodian pursuant to any multi-party agreement which requires a segregated asset account in accordance with Section 2.9 hereof.

 

Special Instructions ,” as such term is used throughout this Agreement, means Proper Instructions countersigned or confirmed in writing by the Treasurer or any Assistant Treasurer of the applicable Fund or any other person designated in writing by the Treasurer of such Fund, which countersignature or confirmation shall be (a) included on the same instrument containing the Proper Instructions or on a separate instrument clearly relating thereto and (b) delivered by hand, by facsimile transmission, or in such other manner as the Fund and the Custodian agree in writing.

 

Concurrently with the execution of this Agreement, and from time to time thereafter, as appropriate, each Fund shall deliver to the Custodian, duly certified by such Fund’s Treasurer or Assistant Treasurer, a certificate setting forth:  (i) the names, titles, signatures and scope of authority of all persons authorized to give Proper Instructions or any other notice, request, direction, instruction, certificate or instrument on behalf of the Fund and (ii) the names, titles and signatures of those persons authorized to give Special Instructions.  Such certificate may be accepted and relied upon by the Custodian as conclusive evidence of the facts set forth therein and shall be considered to be in full force and effect until receipt by the Custodian of a similar certificate to the contrary.

 

SECTION 9.            EVIDENCE OF AUTHORITY

 

The Custodian shall be protected in acting upon any instructions, notice, request, consent, certificate or other instrument or paper believed by it to be genuine and to have been properly executed by or on behalf of the applicable Fund.  The Custodian may receive and accept a copy of a resolution certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of any Fund as conclusive evidence (a) of the authority of any person to act in accordance with such resolution or (b) of any determination or of any action by the applicable Board as described in such resolution, and such resolution may be considered as in full force and effect until receipt by the Custodian of written notice to the contrary.

 

SECTION 10.          ACTIONS PERMITTED WITHOUT EXPRESS AUTHORITY

 

The Custodian may in its discretion, without express authority from the applicable Fund on behalf of each applicable Portfolio:

 

1)              Make payments to itself or others for minor expenses of handling securities or other similar items relating to its duties under this Agreement; provided that all such payments shall be accounted for to the Fund on behalf of the Portfolio;

 

2)              Surrender securities in temporary form for securities in definitive form;

 

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3)              Endorse for collection, in the name of the Portfolio, checks, drafts and other negotiable instruments; and

 

4)              In general, attend to all non-discretionary details in connection with the sale, exchange, substitution, purchase, transfer and other dealings with the securities and property of the Portfolio except as otherwise directed by the applicable Board.

 

SECTION 11.        DUTIES OF CUSTODIAN WITH RESPECT TO THE BOOKS OF ACCOUNT AND CALCULATION OF NET ASSET VALUE AND NET INCOME

 

The Custodian shall cooperate with and supply necessary information to the entity or entities appointed by the applicable Board to keep the books of account of each Portfolio and/or compute the net asset value per Share of the outstanding Shares or, if directed in writing to do so by a Fund on behalf of a Portfolio, shall itself keep such books of account and/or compute such net asset value per Share.  If so directed, the Custodian shall also calculate daily the net income of the Portfolio as described in the Prospectus and shall advise the Fund and the Transfer Agent daily of the total amounts of such net income and, if instructed in writing by an officer of the Fund to do so, shall advise the Transfer Agent periodically of the division of such net income among its various components.  Each Fund acknowledges and agrees that, with respect to investments maintained with the Underlying Transfer Agent, the Underlying Transfer Agent is the sole source of information on the number of shares of a fund held by it on behalf of a Portfolio and that the Custodian has the right to rely on holdings information furnished by the Underlying Transfer Agent to the Custodian in performing its duties under this Agreement, including without limitation, the duties set forth in this Section 11 and in Section 12 hereof; provided, however, that the Custodian shall be obligated to reconcile information as to purchases and sales of Underlying Shares contained in trade instructions and confirmations received by the Custodian and to report promptly any discrepancies to the Underlying Transfer Agent.  The calculations of the net asset value per Share and the daily income of each Portfolio shall be made at the time or times described from time to time in the Prospectus.  Each Fund acknowledges that, in keeping the books of account of the Portfolio and/or making the calculations described herein with respect to Portfolio property released and delivered pursuant to Section 2.2(14), or purchased pursuant to Section 2.6(7) hereof, the Custodian is authorized and instructed to rely upon information provided to it by the Fund, the Fund’s counterparty(ies), or the agents of either of them.

 

SECTION 12.        RECORDS

 

The Custodian shall with respect to each Portfolio create and maintain all records relating to its activities and obligations under this Agreement in such manner as will meet the obligations of each Fund under the 1940 Act, with particular attention to section 31 thereof and Rules 31a-1 and 31a-2 thereunder.  All such records shall be the property of the Fund and shall at all times during the regular business hours of the Custodian be open for inspection by duly authorized officers, employees or agents of such Fund and employees and agents of the SEC.  The Custodian shall, at a

 

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Fund’s request, supply the Fund with a tabulation of securities owned by each Portfolio and held by the Custodian and shall, when requested to do so by the Fund and for such compensation as shall be agreed upon between the Fund and the Custodian, include certificate numbers in such tabulations.  Each Fund acknowledges that, in creating and maintaining the records as set forth herein with respect to Portfolio property released and delivered pursuant to Section 2.2(14), or purchased pursuant to Section 2.6(7) hereof, the Custodian is authorized and instructed to rely upon information provided to it by the Fund, the Fund’s counterparty(ies), or the agents of either of them.

 

SECTION 13.          OPINION OF FUND’S INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANT

 

The Custodian shall take all reasonable action, as a Fund with respect to a Portfolio may from time to time request, to obtain from year to year favorable opinions from the Fund’s independent accountants with respect to its activities hereunder in connection with the preparation of the Fund’s Form N-1A or Form N-2, as applicable, and Form N-SAR or other annual reports to the SEC and with respect to any other requirements thereof.

 

SECTION 14.          REPORTS TO FUND BY INDEPENDENT PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS

 

The Custodian shall provide the applicable Fund, on behalf of each of the Portfolios at such times as such Fund may reasonably require, with reports by independent public accountants on the accounting system, internal accounting control and procedures for safeguarding securities, futures contracts and options on futures contracts, including securities deposited and/or maintained in a U.S. Securities System or a Foreign Securities System (either, a “ Securities System ”), relating to the services provided by the Custodian under this Agreement; such reports, shall be of sufficient scope and in sufficient detail, as may reasonably be required by the Fund to provide reasonable assurance that any material inadequacies would be disclosed by such examination, and, if there are no such inadequacies, the reports shall so state.

 

SECTION 15.          COMPENSATION OF CUSTODIAN

 

The Custodian shall be entitled to reasonable compensation for its services and expenses as Custodian, as agreed upon from time to time between each Fund on behalf of each applicable Portfolio and the Custodian.

 

SECTION 16.          RESPONSIBILITY OF CUSTODIAN

 

So long as and to the extent that it is in the exercise of reasonable care, the Custodian shall not be responsible for the title, validity or genuineness of any property or evidence of title thereto received by it or delivered by it pursuant to this Agreement and shall be held harmless in acting upon any notice, request, consent, certificate or other instrument reasonably believed by it to be genuine and to be signed by the proper party or parties, including any futures commission merchant acting pursuant

 

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to the terms of a three-party futures or options agreement.  The Custodian shall be held to the exercise of reasonable care in carrying out the provisions of this Agreement, but shall be kept indemnified by and shall be without liability to any Fund for any action taken or omitted by it in good faith without negligence, including, without limitation, acting in accordance with any Proper Instruction.  It shall be entitled to rely on and may act upon advice of counsel (who may be counsel for the Fund) on all matters, and shall be without liability for any action reasonably taken or omitted pursuant to such advice.  The Custodian shall be without liability to any Fund or Portfolio for any loss, liability, claim or expense resulting from or caused by anything which is part of Country Risk (as defined in Section 3 hereof), including without limitation nationalization, expropriation, currency restrictions, or acts of war, revolution, riots or terrorism.

 

Except as may arise from the Custodian’s own negligence or willful misconduct or the negligence or willful misconduct of a sub-custodian or agent, the Custodian shall be without liability to any Fund for any loss, liability, claim or expense resulting from or caused by; (i) events or circumstances beyond the reasonable control of the Custodian or any sub-custodian or Securities System or any agent or nominee of any of the foregoing, including, without limitation, the interruption, suspension or restriction of trading on or the closure of any securities market, power or other mechanical or technological failures or interruptions, computer viruses or communications disruptions, work stoppages, natural disasters, or other similar events or acts; (ii) errors by any Fund or its duly authorized investment manager or investment adviser in their instructions to the Custodian provided such instructions have been in accordance with this Agreement; (iii) the insolvency of or acts or omissions by a Securities System; (iv) any act or omission of a Special Sub-Custodian including, without limitation, reliance on reports prepared by a Special Sub-Custodian; (v) any delay or failure of any broker, agent or intermediary, central bank or other commercially prevalent payment or clearing system to deliver to the Custodian’s sub-custodian or agent securities purchased or in the remittance or payment made in connection with securities sold; (vi) any delay or failure of any company, corporation, or other body in charge of registering or transferring securities in the name of the Custodian, any Fund, the Custodian’s sub-custodians, nominees or agents or any consequential losses arising out of such delay or failure to transfer such securities including non-receipt of bonus, dividends and rights and other accretions or benefits; (vii) delays or inability to perform its duties due to any disorder in market infrastructure with respect to any particular security or Securities System; and (viii) any provision of any present or future law or regulation or order of the United States of America, or any state thereof, or any other country, or political subdivision thereof or of any court of competent jurisdiction.

 

The Custodian shall be liable for the acts or omissions of a Foreign Sub-Custodian (as such term is defined in Section 4 hereof) to the same extent as set forth with respect to sub-custodians generally in this Agreement.

 

If a Fund on behalf of a Portfolio requires the Custodian to take any action with respect to securities, which action involves the payment of money or which action may, in the opinion of the Custodian, result in the Custodian or its nominee assigned to the Fund or the Portfolio being liable for the payment of money or incurring liability of some other form, such Fund on behalf of the Portfolio, as a prerequisite to requiring the Custodian to take such action, shall provide indemnity to the Custodian in an amount and form satisfactory to it.

 

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If a Fund requires the Custodian, its affiliates, subsidiaries or agents, to advance cash or securities for any purpose (including but not limited to securities settlements, foreign exchange contracts and assumed settlement) or in the event that the Custodian or its nominee shall incur or be assessed any taxes, charges, expenses, assessments, claims or liabilities in connection with the performance of this Agreement, except such as may arise from its or its nominee’s own negligent action, negligent failure to act or willful misconduct, any property at any time held for the account of the applicable Portfolio shall be security therefor and should the Fund fail to repay the Custodian promptly, the Custodian shall be entitled to utilize available cash and to dispose of such Portfolio’s assets to the extent necessary to obtain reimbursement.

 

Except as may arise from the Custodian’s own negligence or willful misconduct, each Fund shall indemnify and hold the Custodian harmless from and against any and all costs, expenses, losses, damages, charges, counsel fees, payments and liabilities which may be asserted against the Custodian (a) acting in accordance with any Proper Instruction or Special Instruction including, without limitation, any Proper Instruction with respect to Free Trades including, but not limited to, cost, expense, loss, damage, liability, tax, charge, assessment or claim resulting from (i) the failure of the applicable Fund to receive income with respect to purchased investments, (ii) the failure of the applicable Fund to recover amounts invested on maturity of purchased investments, (iii) the failure of the Custodian to respond to or be aware of notices or other corporate communications with respect to purchased investments, or (iv) the Custodian’s reliance upon information provided by the applicable Fund, such Fund’s counterparty(ies) or the agents of either of them with respect to Fund property released, delivered or purchased pursuant to either of Section 2.2(14) or Section 2.6(7) hereof; (b) for the acts or omissions of any Special Sub-Custodian; or (c) for the acts or omissions of any Local Agent or Pledgee.

 

In no event shall the Custodian be liable for indirect, special or consequential damages.

 

SECTION 17.          EFFECTIVE PERIOD, TERMINATION AND AMENDMENT

 

This Agreement shall become effective as of its execution, shall continue in full force and effect until terminated as hereinafter provided, may be amended at any time by mutual agreement of the parties hereto and may be terminated by either party by an instrument in writing delivered or mailed, postage prepaid to the other party, such termination to take effect not sooner than sixty (60) days after the date of such delivery or mailing; provided, however, that no Fund shall amend or terminate this Agreement in contravention of any applicable federal or state regulations, or any provision of such Fund’s Governing Documents, and further provided, that any Fund on behalf of one or more of the Portfolios may at any time by action of its Board (i) substitute another bank or trust company for the Custodian by giving notice as described above to the Custodian, or (ii) immediately terminate this Agreement in the event of the appointment of a conservator or receiver for the Custodian by the Comptroller of the Currency or upon the happening of a like event at the direction of an appropriate regulatory agency or court of competent jurisdiction.

 

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Termination of this Agreement with respect to any one particular Fund or Portfolio shall in no way affect the rights and duties under this Agreement with respect to any other Fund or Portfolio.

 

Upon termination of the Agreement, the applicable Fund on behalf of each applicable Portfolio shall pay to the Custodian such compensation as may be due as of the date of such termination and shall likewise reimburse the Custodian for its costs, expenses and disbursements.

 

SECTION 18.          SUCCESSOR CUSTODIAN

 

If a successor custodian for one or more Portfolios shall be appointed by the applicable Board, the Custodian shall, upon termination and receipt of Proper Instructions, deliver to such successor custodian at the office of the Custodian, duly endorsed and in the form for transfer, all securities of each applicable Portfolio then held by it hereunder and shall transfer to an account of the successor custodian all of the securities of each such Portfolio held in a Securities System or at the Underlying Transfer Agent.

 

If no such successor custodian shall be appointed, the Custodian shall, in like manner, upon receipt of Proper Instructions, deliver at the office of the Custodian and transfer such securities, funds and other properties in accordance with such resolution.

 

In the event that no Proper Instructions designating a successor custodian or alternative arrangements shall have been delivered to the Custodian on or before the date when such termination shall become effective, then the Custodian shall have the right to deliver to a bank or trust company, which is a “bank” as defined in the 1940 Act, doing business in Boston, Massachusetts or New York, New York, of its own selection, having an aggregate capital, surplus, and undivided profits, as shown by its last published report, of not less than $25,000,000, all securities, funds and other properties held by the Custodian on behalf of each applicable Portfolio and all instruments held by the Custodian relative thereto and all other property held by it under this Agreement on behalf of each applicable Portfolio, and to transfer to an account of such successor custodian all of the securities of each such Portfolio held in any Securities System or at the Underlying Transfer Agent.  Thereafter, such bank or trust company shall be the successor of the Custodian under this Agreement.

 

In the event that securities, funds and other properties remain in the possession of the Custodian after the date of termination hereof owing to failure of any Fund to provide Proper Instructions as aforesaid, the Custodian shall be entitled to fair compensation for its services during such period as the Custodian retains possession of such securities, funds and other properties and the provisions of this Agreement relating to the duties and obligations of the Custodian shall remain in full force and effect.

 

26



 

SECTION 19.         GENERAL

 

SECTION 19.1       MASSACHUSETTS LAW TO APPLY .  This Agreement shall be construed and the provisions thereof interpreted under and in accordance with laws of The Commonwealth of Massachusetts.

 

SECTION 19.2       PRIOR AGREEMENTS .  This Agreement supersedes and terminates, as of the date hereof, all prior Agreements between each Fund on behalf of each of the Portfolios and the Custodian relating to the custody of such Fund’s assets.

 

SECTION 19.3       ASSIGNMENT .  This Agreement may not be assigned by (a) any Fund without the written consent of the Custodian or (b) by the Custodian without the written consent of each applicable Fund.

 

SECTION 19.4       INTERPRETIVE AND ADDITIONAL PROVISIONS.   In connection with the operation of this Agreement, the Custodian and each Fund on behalf of each of the Portfolios, may from time to time agree on such provisions interpretive of or in addition to the provisions of this Agreement as may in their joint opinion be consistent with the general tenor of this Agreement.  Any such interpretive or additional provisions shall be in a writing signed by all parties and shall be annexed hereto, provided that no such interpretive or additional provisions shall contravene any applicable federal or state regulations or any provision of a Fund’s Governing Documents.  No interpretive or additional provisions made as provided in the preceding sentence shall be deemed to be an amendment of this Agreement.

 

SECTION 19.5       ADDITIONAL FUNDS .  In the event that any management investment company in addition to those listed on Appendix A hereto desires to have the Custodian render services as custodian under the terms hereof, it shall so notify the Custodian in writing, and if the Custodian agrees in writing to provide such services, such management investment company shall become a Fund hereunder and be bound by all terms and conditions and provisions hereof including, without limitation, the representations and warranties set forth in Section 19.7 below.

 

SECTION 19.6       ADDITIONAL PORTFOLIOS .  In the event that any Fund establishes one or more series of Shares in addition to those set forth on Appendix A hereto with respect to which it desires to have the Custodian render services as custodian under the terms hereof, it shall so notify the Custodian in writing, and if the Custodian agrees in writing to provide such services, such series of Shares shall become a Portfolio hereunder.

 

SECTION 19.7       THE PARTIES .  All references herein to the “Fund” are to each of the management investment companies listed on Appendix A hereto, and each management investment company made subject to this Agreement in accordance with Section 19.5 above, individually, as if this Agreement were between such individual Fund and the Custodian.  In the case of a series corporation, trust or other entity, all references herein to the “Portfolio” are to the individual series or portfolio of such corporation, trust or other entity, or to such corporation, trust or other entity on behalf of the individual series or portfolio, as appropriate.  Any reference in this Agreement to “the parties” shall mean the Custodian and such other individual Fund as to which the matter pertains.  Each Fund hereby represents and warrants that (a) it is duly incorporated or organized and is validly existing in good standing in its jurisdiction of incorporation or organization; (b) it has the requisite

 

27



 

power and authority under applicable law and its Governing Documents to enter into and perform this Agreement; (c) all requisite proceedings have been taken to authorize it to enter into and perform this Agreement; (d) this Agreement constitutes its legal, valid, binding and enforceable agreement; and (e) its entrance into this Agreement shall not cause a material breach or be in material conflict with any other agreement or obligation of the Fund or any law or regulation applicable to it.

 

SECTION 19.8       REMOTE ACCESS SERVICES ADDENDUM .  The Custodian and each Fund agree to be bound by the terms of the Remote Access Services Addendum hereto.

 

SECTION 19.9       NOTICES .  Any notice, instruction or other instrument required to be given hereunder may be delivered in person to the offices of the parties as set forth herein during normal business hours or delivered prepaid registered mail or by telex, cable or telecopy to the parties at the following addresses or such other addresses as may be notified by any party from time to time.

 

To any Fund:

645 Madison Avenue, 12 th Floor

 

New York, NY 10022

 

Attention: Stefanie Hempstead, Chief Financial Officer

 

Telephone: 212/584-3582

 

Telecopy: 212/584-3583

 

 

To the Custodian:

STATE STREET BANK AND TRUST COMPANY

 

200 Newport Avenue

 

North Quincy, MA 02171

 

Attention: Ellen J. Meigs, Vice President

 

Telephone: 617-985-8261

 

Telecopy: 617-537-1833

 

Such notice, instruction or other instrument shall be deemed to have been served in the case of a registered letter at the expiration of five business days after posting, in the case of cable twenty-four hours after dispatch and, in the case of telex, immediately on dispatch and if delivered outside normal business hours it shall be deemed to have been received at the next time after delivery when normal business hours commence and in the case of cable, telex or telecopy on the business day after the receipt thereof.  Evidence that the notice was properly addressed, stamped and put into the post shall be conclusive evidence of posting.

 

SECTION 19.10     COUNTERPARTS .  This Agreement may be executed in several counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original, and all such counterparts taken together shall constitute one and the same Agreement.

 

SECTION 19.11     SEVERABILITY .  If any provision or provisions of this Agreement shall be held to be invalid, unlawful or unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired.

 

28



 

SECTION 19.12     REPRODUCTION OF DOCUMENTS .  This Agreement and all schedules, addenda, exhibits, appendices, attachments and amendments hereto may be reproduced by any photographic, photostatic, microfilm, micro-card, miniature photographic or other similar process.  The parties hereto all/each agree that any such reproduction shall be admissible in evidence as the original itself in any judicial or administrative proceeding, whether or not the original is in existence and whether or not such reproduction was made by a party in the regular course of business, and that any enlargement, facsimile or further reproduction of such reproduction shall likewise be admissible in evidence.

 

SECTION 19.13     SHAREHOLDER COMMUNICATIONS ELECTION .  SEC Rule 14b-2 requires banks which hold securities for the account of customers to respond to requests by issuers of securities for the names, addresses and holdings of beneficial owners of securities of that issuer held by the bank unless the beneficial owner has expressly objected to disclosure of this information.  In order to comply with the rule, the Custodian needs each Fund to indicate whether it authorizes the Custodian to provide such Fund’s name, address, and share position to requesting companies whose securities the Fund owns.  If a Fund tells the Custodian “no,” the Custodian will not provide this information to requesting companies.  If a Fund tells the Custodian “yes” or does not check either “yes” or “no” below, the Custodian is required by the rule to treat the Fund as consenting to disclosure of this information for all securities owned by the Fund or any funds or accounts established by the Fund.  For a Fund’s protection, the Rule prohibits the requesting company from using the Fund’s name and address for any purpose other than corporate communications.  Please indicate below whether the Fund consents or objects by checking one of the alternatives below.

 

YES  o

The Custodian is authorized to release the Fund’s name, address, and share positions.

 

 

NO  x

The Custodian is not authorized to release the Fund’s name, address, and share positions.

 

29



 

SIGNATURE PAGE

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF , each of the parties has caused this instrument to be executed in its name and behalf by its duly authorized representative under seal as of the date first above-written.

 

FUND SIGNATURE ATTESTED TO BY:

EACH OF THE ENTITIES SET FORTH ON
APPENDIX A HERETO

 

 

 

 

By:

 

 

By:

 

 

 

Name:

 

 

Name:

 

 

 

Title:

 

 

Title:

 

 

 

 

 

SIGNATURE ATTESTED TO BY:

STATE STREET BANK AND TRUST COMPANY

 

 

 

 

By:

 

 

By:

 

 

Name:

 

Joseph C. Antonellis

 

Title:

 

Vice Chairman

 



 

APPENDIX A

TO

MASTER CUSTODIAN AGREEMENT

 

MANAGEMENT INVESTMENT COMPANIES REGISTERED WITH THE SEC AND PORTFOLIOS THEREOF

 

IVA Fiduciary Trust

 

IVA Worldwide Fund

IVA International Fund

 

A-1



 

SCHEDULE D

TO

MASTER CUSTODIAN AGREEMENT

 

SPECIAL SUB-CUSTODIANS

None

 

A-1


Exhibit 99.(h)(1)

 

Exhibit (h)(1)

 

ADMINISTRATION AGREEMENT

 

This Administration Agreement (“Agreement”) dated and effective as of August 21, 2008, is by and between State Street Bank and Trust Company, a Massachusetts trust company (the “Administrator”), and IVA Fiduciary Trust, a Massachusetts business trust (the “Trust”).

 

WHEREAS, the Trust is an open-end management investment company currently comprised of multiple series (the “Fund”), and is registered with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) by means of a registration statement (“Registration Statement”) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (“1933 Act”), and the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”); and

 

WHEREAS, the Trust desires to retain the Administrator to furnish certain administrative services to the Trust, and the Administrator is willing to furnish such services, on the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement.

 

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and mutual covenants herein contained, the parties hereto agree as follows:

 

1.                                        APPOINTMENT OF ADMINISTRATOR

 

The Trust hereby appoints the Administrator to act as administrator to the Trust for purposes of providing certain administrative services for the period and on the terms set forth in this Agreement. The Administrator accepts such appointment and agrees to render the services stated herein.

 

The Trust currently consists of the Fund and its respective classes of shares as listed in Schedule A to this Agreement. In the event that the Trust establishes one or more additional Fund(s) with respect to which it wishes to retain the Administrator to act as administrator hereunder, the Trust shall notify the Administrator in writing. Upon written acceptance by the Administrator, such Fund(s) shall become subject to the provisions of this Agreement to the same extent as the existing Fund, except to the extent that such provisions (including those relating to compensation and expenses payable) may be modified with respect to such Fund in writing by the Trust and the Administrator at the time of the addition of such Fund.

 

2.                                        DELIVERY OF DOCUMENTS

 

The Trust will promptly deliver to the Administrator copies of each of the following documents and all future amendments and supplements, if any:

 

a.

The Trust’s Declaration of Trust and By-laws;

 

 

b.

The Trust’s currently effective Registration Statement under the 1933 Act and the 1940 Act and each Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”)

 

1



 

 

relating to the Fund(s) and all amendments and supplements thereto as in effect from time to time;

 

 

c.

Certified copies of the resolutions of the Board of Trustees of the Trust (the “Board”) authorizing (1) the Trust to enter into this Agreement and (2) certain individuals on behalf of the Trust to (a) give instructions to the Administrator pursuant to this Agreement and (b) sign checks and pay expenses;

 

 

d.

A copy of the investment advisory agreement between the Trust and its investment adviser; and

 

 

e.

Such other certificates, documents or opinions which the Administrator may, in its reasonable discretion, deem necessary or appropriate in the proper performance of its duties.

 

3.                                        REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE ADMINISTRATOR

 

The Administrator represents and warrants to the Trust that:

 

a.

It is a Massachusetts trust company, duly organized and existing under the laws of The Commonwealth of Massachusetts;

 

 

b.

It has the corporate power and authority to carry on its business in The Commonwealth of Massachusetts;

 

 

c.

All requisite corporate proceedings have been taken to authorize it to enter into and perform this Agreement;

 

 

d.

No legal or administrative proceedings have been instituted or threatened which would impair the Administrator’s ability to perform its duties and obligations under this Agreement; and

 

 

e.

Its entrance into this Agreement shall not cause a material breach or be in material conflict with any other agreement or obligation of the Administrator or any law or regulation applicable to it.

 

4.                                        REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE TRUST

 

The Trust represents and warrants to the Administrator that:

 

a.

It is a statutory trust, duly organized, existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware;

 

 

b.

It has the requisite power and authority under applicable laws and by its Declaration of Trust and By-laws to enter into and perform this Agreement;

 

2



 

c.

All requisite proceedings have been taken to authorize it to enter into and perform this Agreement;

 

 

d.

It is an investment company properly registered with the SEC under the 1940 Act;

 

 

e.

The Registration Statement been filed and will be effective and remain effective during the term of this Agreement. The Trust also warrants to the Administrator that as of the effective date of this Agreement, all necessary filings under the securities laws of the states in which the Trust offers or sells its shares have been made;

 

 

f.

No legal or administrative proceedings have been instituted or threatened which would impair the Trust’s ability to perform its duties and obligations under this Agreement;

 

 

g.

Its entrance into this Agreement will not cause a material breach or be in material conflict with any other agreement or obligation of the Trust or any law or regulation applicable to it; and

 

 

h.

As of the close of business on the date of this Agreement, the Trust is authorized to issue unlimited shares of beneficial interest.

 

5.                                        ADMINISTRATION SERVICES

 

The Administrator shall provide the following services, subject to the authorization and direction of the Trust and, in each case where appropriate, the review and comment by the Trust’s independent accountants and legal counsel and in accordance with procedures which may be established from time to time between the Trust and the Administrator:

 

Fund Administration Treasury Services

 

a.

Prepare for the review by designated officer(s) of the Trust financial information regarding the Fund(s) that will be included in the Trust’s semi-annual and annual shareholder reports, Form N-Q reports and other quarterly reports (as mutually agreed upon), including tax footnote disclosures where applicable;

 

 

b.

Coordinate the audit of the Trust’s financial statements by the Trust’s independent accountants, including the preparation of supporting audit workpapers and other schedules, and make such reports and recommendations to the Board (or the Audit Committee of the Board (“Audit Committee”)) concerning the performance of the independent accountants as the Board or the Audit Committee may reasonably request;

 

3



 

c.

Prepare for the review by designated officer(s) of the Trust the Trust’s periodic financial reports required to be filed with the SEC on Form N-SAR and financial information required by Form N-1A, proxy statements and such other reports, forms or filings as may be mutually agreed upon;

 

 

d.

Prepare for the review by designated officer(s) of the Trust annual fund expense budgets, perform accrual analyses and rollforward calculations and recommend changes to fund expense accruals on a periodic basis, arrange for payment of the Trust’s expenses, review calculations of fees paid to the Trust’s investment adviser, custodian, fund accountant, distributor and transfer agent, and obtain authorization of accrual changes and expense payments;

 

 

e.

Provide periodic testing of the Fund(s) with respect to compliance with the Internal Revenue Code’s mandatory qualification requirements, the requirements of the 1940 Act and limitations for the Fund(s) contained in the Registration Statement for the Fund(s) as may be mutually agreed upon, including quarterly compliance reporting to the designated officer(s) of the Trust as well as preparation of Board compliance materials;

 

 

f.

Prepare and furnish total return performance information for the Fund(s), including such information on an after-tax basis, calculated in accordance with applicable U.S. securities laws and regulations, as may be reasonably requested by Trust management;

 

 

g.

Prepare and disseminate vendor survey information;

 

 

h.

Prepare and coordinate the filing of Rule 24f-2 notices, including coordination of payment;

 

 

i.

Provide sub-certificates in connection with the certification requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 with respect to the services provided by the Administrator;

 

 

j.

Maintain certain books and records of the Trust as required under Rule 31a-1(b) of the 1940 Act, as may be mutually agreed upon;

 

 

k.

Consult with the Trust’s officers, independent accountants, legal counsel, custodian, fund accountant, distributor, and transfer agent in establishing the accounting policies of the Trust;

 

Fund Administration Blue Sky Services

 

l.                                           Perform Blue Sky services pursuant to the specific instructions of the Trust’s officers as detailed in Schedule B hereto;

 

4



 

Fund Administration Legal Services

 

m.                                     Prepare the agenda and resolutions for all requested Board of Trustees (the “Board”) and committee meetings, make presentations to the Board and committee meetings where appropriate or upon reasonable request, prepare minutes for such Board and committee meetings and attend the Trust’s shareholder meetings and prepare minutes of such meetings;

 

n.                                       Prepare and mail quarterly and annual Code of Ethics forms for Trustees who are not “interested persons” of the Trust under the 1940 Act (the “Independent Trustees”);

 

o.                                       Prepare for filing with the SEC the following documents: Form N-CSR, Form N-Q, Form N-PX and all amendments to the Registration Statement, including updates of the Prospectus and SAI for the Fund(s) and any sticker supplements to the Prospectus and SAI for the Fund(s);

 

p.                                       Prepare for filing with the SEC proxy statements and provide consultation on proxy solicitation matters;

 

q.                                       Maintain general Board calendars and regulatory filings calendars;

 

r.                                          Maintain copies of the Trust’s Declaration of Trust and By-laws;

 

s.                                        Assist in developing guidelines and procedures to improve overall compliance by the Trust;

 

t.                                          Assist the Trust in the handling of routine regulatory examinations of the Trust and work closely with the Trust’s legal counsel in response to any non-routine regulatory matters;

 

u.                                       Maintain awareness of significant emerging regulatory and legislative developments that may affect the Trust, update the Board and the investment adviser on those developments and provide related planning assistance where requested or appropriate;

 

v.                                       Coordinate with insurance providers, including soliciting bids for Directors & Officers/Errors & Omissions (“D&O/E&O”) insurance and fidelity bond coverage, file fidelity bonds with the SEC and make related Board presentations;

 

Fund Administration Tax Services

 

w.                                     Compute tax basis provisions for both excise and income tax purposes;

 

5



 

x.                                         Prepare the Fund(s)’ federal, state, and local income tax returns and extension requests for review and for execution and filing by the Trust’s independent accountants and execution and filing by the Trust’s treasurer, including Form 1120-RIC, Form 8613 and Form 1099-MISC;

 

y.                                       Coordinate Form 1099-DIV mailings; and

 

z.                                         Review and sign off on annual minimum distribution calculations (income and capital gain) prior to their declaration.

 

The Administrator shall perform such other services for the Trust that are mutually agreed to by the parties from time to time, for which the Trust will pay such fees as may be mutually agreed upon, including the Administrator’s reasonable out-of-pocket expenses. The provision of such services shall be subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement.

 

The Administrator shall provide the office facilities and the personnel determined by it to perform the services contemplated herein.

 

6.                                        FEES; EXPENSES; EXPENSE REIMBURSEMENT

 

The Administrator shall receive from the Trust such compensation for the Administrator’s services provided pursuant to this Agreement as may be agreed to from time to time in a written Fee Schedule approved by the parties. The fees are accrued daily and billed monthly and shall be due and payable upon receipt of the invoice. Upon the termination of this Agreement before the end of any month, the fee for the part of the month before such termination shall be prorated according to the proportion which such part bears to the full monthly period and shall be payable upon the date of termination of this Agreement. In addition, the Trust shall reimburse the Administrator for its out-of-pocket costs incurred in connection with this Agreement. All rights of compensation and expense reimbursement under this Agreement for services performed as of the termination date shall survive the termination of this Agreement.

 

The Trust agrees promptly to reimburse the Administrator for any equipment and supplies specially ordered by or for the Trust through the Administrator and for any other expenses not contemplated by this Agreement that the Administrator may incur on the Trust’s behalf at the Trust’s request or with the Trust’s consent.

 

The Trust will bear all expenses that are incurred in its operation and not specifically assumed by the Administrator. Expenses to be borne by the Trust, include, but are not limited to:   organizational expenses; cost of services of independent accountants and outside legal and tax counsel (including such counsel’s review of the Registration Statement, Form N-CSR, Form N-Q, Form N-PX, From N-SAR, proxy materials, federal and state tax qualification as a regulated investment company and other notices, registrations, reports, filings and materials prepared by the Administrator under this Agreement); cost of any services contracted for by the Trust directly from parties other than the Administrator; cost of trading operations and

 

6



 

brokerage fees, commissions and transfer taxes in connection with the purchase and sale of securities for the Trust; investment advisory fees; taxes, insurance premiums and other fees and expenses applicable to its operation; costs incidental to any meetings of shareholders including, but not limited to, legal and accounting fees, proxy filing fees and the costs of preparation (e.g., typesetting, page changes and all other print vendor and EDGAR charges, collectively referred to herein as “Preparation”), printing, distribution and mailing of any proxy materials; costs incidental to Board meetings, including fees and expenses of Board members; the salary and expenses of any officer, director\trustee or employee of the Trust; costs of Preparation, printing, distribution and mailing, as applicable, of the Trust’s Registration Statements and any amendments and supplements thereto and shareholder reports; cost of Preparation and filing of the Trust’s tax returns, Form N-1A, Form N-CSR, Form N-Q, Form N-PX and Form N-SAR, and all notices, registrations and amendments associated with applicable federal and state tax and securities laws; all applicable registration fees and filing fees required under federal and state securities laws; the cost of fidelity bond and D&O/E&O liability insurance; and cost of independent pricing services used in computing the Fund(s)’ net asset value.

 

The Administrator is authorized to and may employ, associate or contract with such person or persons as the Administrator may deem desirable to assist it in performing its duties under this Agreement; provided, however, that the compensation of such person or persons shall be paid by the Administrator and that the Administrator shall be as fully responsible to the Trust for the acts and omissions of any such person or persons as it is for its own acts and omissions.

 

7.                                        INSTRUCTIONS AND ADVICE

 

a.                                        At any time, the Administrator may apply to any officer of the Trust or his or her designee for instructions and may consult with its own legal counsel or outside counsel for the Trust or the independent accountants for the Trust at the expense of the Trust, with respect to any matter arising in connection with the services to be performed by the Administrator under this Agreement.

 

b.                                       The Administrator shall not be liable, and shall be indemnified by the Trust, for any action taken or omitted by it in good faith in reliance upon any such instructions or advice or upon any paper or document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed by the proper person or persons. The Administrator shall not be held to have notice of any change of authority of any person until receipt of written notice thereof from the Fund(s). Nothing in this section shall be construed as imposing upon the Administrator any obligation to seek such instructions or advice, or to act in accordance with such advice when received.

 

8.                                        LIMITATION OF LIABILITY AND INDEMNIFICATION

 

The Administrator shall be responsible for the performance only of such duties as are set forth in this Agreement and, except as otherwise provided under Section 6, shall have no responsibility for the actions or activities of any other party, including other service providers. The Administrator shall have no liability in respect of any loss, damage or expense suffered by the Trust insofar as such loss, damage or expense arises from the performance of the

 

7



 

Administrator’s duties hereunder in reliance upon records that were maintained for the Trust by entities other than the Administrator prior to the Administrator’s appointment as administrator for the Trust. The Administrator shall have no liability for any error of judgment or mistake of law or for any loss or damage resulting from the performance or nonperformance of its duties hereunder unless solely caused by or resulting from the gross negligence or willful misconduct of the Administrator, its officers or employees. The Administrator shall not be liable for any special, indirect, incidental, punitive or consequential damages, including lost profits, of any kind whatsoever (including, without limitation, attorneys’ fees) under any provision of this Agreement or for any such damages arising out of any act or failure to act hereunder, each of which is hereby excluded by agreement of the parties regardless of whether such damages were foreseeable or whether either party or any entity had been advised of the possibility of such damages. In any event, the Administrator’s cumulative liability for each calendar year (a “Liability Period”) with respect to the Trust under this Agreement regardless of the form of action or legal theory shall be limited to its total annual compensation earned with respect to the Trust and fees payable hereunder during the preceding Compensation Period, as defined herein, for any liability or loss suffered by the Trust including, but not limited to, any liability relating to qualification of the Trust as a regulated investment company or any liability relating to the Trust’s compliance with any federal or state tax or securities statute, regulation or ruling during such Liability Period. “Compensation Period” shall mean the calendar year ending immediately prior to each Liability Period in which the event(s) giving rise to the Administrator’s liability for that period have occurred. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Compensation Period for purposes of calculating the annual cumulative liability of the Administrator for the Liability Period commencing on the date of this Agreement and terminating on December 31, 2008 shall be the date of this Agreement through December 31, 2008, calculated on an annualized basis, and the Compensation Period for the Liability Period commencing January 1, 2009 and terminating on December 31, 2009 shall be the date of this Agreement through December 31, 2008, calculated on an annualized basis.

 

The Administrator shall not be responsible or liable for any failure or delay in performance of its obligations under this Agreement arising out of or caused, directly or indirectly, by circumstances beyond its control, including without limitation, work stoppage, power or other mechanical failure, computer virus, natural disaster, governmental action or communication disruption.

 

The Trust shall indemnify and hold the Administrator and its directors, officers, employees and agents harmless from all loss, cost, damage and expense, including reasonable fees and expenses for counsel, incurred by the Administrator resulting from any claim, demand, action or suit in connection with the Administrator’s acceptance of this Agreement, any action or omission by it in the performance of its duties hereunder, or as a result of acting upon any instructions reasonably believed by it to have been duly authorized by the Trust or upon reasonable reliance on information or records given or made by the Trust or its investment adviser, provided that this indemnification shall not apply to actions or omissions of the Administrator, its officers or employees in cases of its or their own gross negligence or willful misconduct.

 

8



 

The limitation of liability and indemnification contained herein shall survive the termination of this Agreement.

 

9.                                        CONFIDENTIALITY

 

The Administrator agrees to treat all Confidential Information communicated to it by the Trust in connection with the activities contemplated by this Agreement as confidential. “Confidential Information” shall mean all records and information in the Administrator’s possession relating to the Trust and its shareholders and shareholder accounts. The Administrator will not use or disclose Confidential Information for purposes other than the activities contemplated by this Agreement or except as required by law, court process or pursuant to the lawful requirement of a governmental agency, or if the Administrator is advised by counsel that it may incur liability for failure to make a disclosure, or except at the request or with the written consent of the Trust. Confidential Information will not include information which: (a) is or becomes available to the general public through no fault of the Administrator; (b) is independently developed by the Administrator; or (c) is rightfully received by the Administrator from a third party without a duty of confidentiality. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Trust acknowledges that the Administrator may provide access to and use of Confidential Information relating to the Trust to the Administrator’s respective employees, contractors, agents, professional advisors, auditors or persons performing similar functions. In addition, the Administrator may aggregate Fund data with similar data of other customers of the Administrator (“Aggregated Data”) and may use Aggregated Data for purposes of constructing statistical models so long as such Aggregated Data represents such a sufficiently large sample that no Fund data can be identified either directly or by inference or implication.

 

10.                                  COMPLIANCE WITH GOVERNMENTAL RULES AND REGULATIONS; RECORDS

 

The Trust assumes full responsibility for complying with all securities, tax, commodities and other laws, rules and regulations applicable to it.

 

In compliance with the requirements of Rule 31a-3 under the 1940 Act, the Administrator agrees that all records which it maintains for the Trust shall at all times remain the property of the Trust, shall be readily accessible during normal business hours, and shall be promptly surrendered upon the termination of the Agreement or otherwise on written request. The Administrator further agrees that all records that it maintains for the Trust pursuant to Rule 31a-1 under the 1940 Act will be preserved for the periods prescribed by Rule 31a-2 under the 1940 Act unless any such records are earlier surrendered as provided above. Records may be surrendered in either written or machine-readable form, at the option of the Administrator.

 

11.                                  SERVICES NOT EXCLUSIVE

 

The services of the Administrator are not to be deemed exclusive, and the Administrator shall be free to render similar services to others. The Administrator shall be deemed to be an independent contractor and shall, unless otherwise expressly provided herein or authorized by the Trust from time to time, have no authority to act or represent the Trust in any way or otherwise be deemed an agent of the Trust.

 

9



 

12.                                  TERM, TERMINATION AND AMENDMENT

 

(a)                                   This Agreement shall become effective as of the date first above written. The Agreement shall remain in effect unless terminated by either party on sixty (60) days’ prior written notice. In the event other Fund(s) are added to this Agreement as set forth herein, termination of this Agreement with respect to any given Fund shall in no way affect the continued validity of this Agreement with respect to any other Fund.

 

(b)                                  Upon termination of this Agreement, the Trust shall pay to the Administrator such compensation and any reimbursable expenses as may be due under the terms hereof as of the date of such termination, including reasonable out-of-pocket expenses associated with such termination.

 

(c)                                   This Agreement may be modified or amended from time to time by mutual written agreement of the parties hereto.

 

13.                                  NOTICES

 

Any notice or other communication authorized or required by this Agreement to be given to either party shall be in writing and deemed to have been given when delivered in person or by confirmed facsimile, or posted by certified mail, return receipt requested, to the following address (or such other address as a party may specify by written notice to the other):  if to the Trust:           , Attn:                 , fax:                   ; if to the Administrator:  State Street Bank and Trust Company, P.O. Box 5049, Boston, MA  02206-5049, Attn:  Fund Administration Legal Department, fax: 617-662-3805.

 

14.                                  NON-ASSIGNABILITY

 

This Agreement shall not be assigned by either party hereto without the prior consent in writing of the other party, except that the Administrator may assign this Agreement to a successor of all or a substantial portion of its business, or to a party controlling, controlled by or under common control with the Administrator.

 

15.                                  SUCCESSORS

 

This Agreement shall be binding on and shall inure to the benefit of the Trust and the Administrator and their respective successors and permitted assigns.

 

10



 

16.                                  ENTIRE AGREEMENT

 

This Agreement contains the entire understanding between the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all previous representations, warranties or commitments regarding the services to be performed hereunder whether oral or in writing.

 

17.                                  WAIVER

 

The failure of a party to insist upon strict adherence to any term of this Agreement on any occasion shall not be considered a waiver nor shall it deprive such party of the right thereafter to insist upon strict adherence to that term or any term of this Agreement. Any waiver must be in writing signed by the waiving party.

 

18.                                  SEVERABILITY

 

If any provision of this Agreement is invalid or unenforceable, the balance of the Agreement shall remain in effect, and if any provision is inapplicable to any person or circumstance it shall nevertheless remain applicable to all other persons and circumstances.

 

19.                                  GOVERNING LAW

 

This Agreement shall be construed and the provisions thereof interpreted under and in accordance with the laws of The Commonwealth of Massachusetts.

 

20.                                  REPRODUCTION OF DOCUMENTS

 

This Agreement and all schedules, exhibits, attachments and amendments hereto may be reproduced by any photographic, xerographic, photostatic, microfilm, micro-card, miniature photographic or other similar process. The parties hereto all/each agree that any such reproduction shall be admissible in evidence as the original itself in any judicial or administrative proceeding, whether or not the original is in existence and whether or not such reproduction was made by a party in the regular course of business, and that any enlargement, facsimile or further reproduction of such reproduction shall likewise be admissible in evidence.

 

21.                                  COUNTERPARTS

 

This Agreement may be executed by the parties hereto on any number of counterparts, and all of said counterparts taken together shall be deemed to constitute one and the same instrument.

 

[REMAINDER OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK]

 

11



 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be executed by their officers designated below as of the date first written above.

 

 

IVA FIDUCIARY TRUST

 

 

 

By:

 

 

 

 

 

Name:

 

 

 

 

 

Title:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

STATE STREET BANK AND TRUST COMPANY

 

 

 

By:

 

 

 

 

 

Name:

Gary L. French

 

 

 

 

Title:

Senior Vice President

 

12



 

ADMINISTRATION AGREEMENT

 

SCHEDULE A

Listing of Fund(s) and Classes of Shares

 

Fund

 

Classes of Shares

 

IVA Worldwide Fund

 

Class A, C and I shares

 

IVA International Fund

 

Class A, C and I shares

 

 

13



 

ADMINISTRATION AGREEMENT

 

SCHEDULE B

Notice Filing with State Securities Administrators

 

At the specific direction of the Trust, the Administrator will prepare required documentation and make Notice Filings in accordance with the securities laws of each jurisdiction in which Trust shares are to be offered or sold pursuant to instructions given to the Administrator by the Trust.

 

The Trust shall be solely responsible for the determination (i) of those jurisdictions in which Notice Filings are to be submitted and (ii) the number of Trust shares to be permitted to be sold in each such jurisdiction. In the event that the Administrator becomes aware of (a) the sale of Trust shares in a jurisdiction in which no Notice Filing has been made or (b) the sale of Trust shares in excess of the number of Trust shares permitted to be sold in such jurisdiction, the Administrator shall report such information to the Trust, and it shall be the Trust’s responsibility to determine appropriate corrective action and instruct the Administrator with respect thereto.

 

The Blue Sky services shall consist of the following:

 

1.                                        Filing of Trust’s Initial Notice Filings, as directed by the Trust;

 

2.                                        Filing of Trust’s renewals and amendments as required;

 

3.                                        Filing of amendments to the Trust’s registration statement where required;

 

4.                                        Filing Trust sales reports where required;

 

5.                                        Payment at the expense of the Trust of all Trust Notice Filing fees;

 

6.                                        Filing the Prospectuses and Statements of Additional Information and any amendments or supplements thereto where required;

 

7.                                        Filing of annual reports and proxy statements where required; and

 

8.                                        The performance of such additional services as the Administrator and the Trust may agree upon in writing.

 

Unless otherwise specified in writing by the Administrator, Blue Sky services by the Administrator shall not include determining the availability of exemptions under a jurisdiction’s blue sky law. Any such determination shall be made by the Trust or its legal counsel. In connection with the services described herein, the Trust shall issue in favor of the Administrator a power of attorney to submit Notice Filings on behalf of the Trust, which power of attorney shall be substantially in the form of Exhibit I attached hereto.

 

14



 

EXHIBIT 1

LIMITED POWER OF ATTORNEY

 

KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, as of                                that [                              ] (the “Trust”) on behalf of its currently existing series and all future series (the “Funds”), with principal offices at                                 , makes, constitutes, and appoints STATE STREET BANK AND TRUST COMPANY (the “Administrator”) with principal offices at One Lincoln Street, Boston, Massachusetts its lawful attorney-in-fact for it to do as if it were itself acting, the following:

 

1.                                        NOTICE FILINGS FOR FUND SHARES. The Power to submit notice filings for the Funds in each jurisdiction in which the Fund’s shares are offered or sold and in connection therewith the power to prepare, execute, and deliver and file any and all of the Fund’s applications including without limitation, applications to provide notice for the Fund’s shares, consents, including consents to service of process, reports, including without limitation, all periodic reports, or other documents and instruments now or hereafter required or appropriate in the judgment of the Administrator in connection with the notice filings of the Fund’s shares.

 

2.                                        CHECKS. The power to draw, endorse, and deposit checks in the name of the Funds in connection with the notice filings of the Fund’s shares with state securities administrators.

 

3.                                        AUTHORIZED SIGNERS. Pursuant to this Limited Power of Attorney, individuals holding the titles of Officer, Blue Sky Manager or Senior Blue Sky Administrator at the Administrator shall have authority to act on behalf of the Funds with respect to items 1 and 2 above.

 

The execution of this limited power of attorney shall be deemed coupled with an interest and shall be revocable only upon receipt by the Administrator of such termination of authority. Nothing herein shall be construed to constitute the appointment of the Administrator as or otherwise authorize the Administrator to act as an officer, director or employee of the Trust.

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Trust has caused this Agreement to be executed in its name and on its behalf by and through its duly authorized officer, as of the date first written above.

 

 

 

By:

 

 

Name:

 

 

Title:

 

 

 

 

Subscribed and sworn to before me

 

this      day of                        20        

 

 

 

 

 

Notary Public

 

State of

                                                                                

 

 

 

In and for the County of

                                   

 

My Commission expires

                                    

 

 

15


Exhibit 99.(h)(2)

 

Exhibit (h)(2)

 

TRANSFER AGENCY AND SERVICE AGREEMENT

 

BETWEEN

 

EACH OF THE ENTITIES, INDIVIDUALLY AND NOT JOINTLY,

AS LISTED ON SCHEDULE A

 

AND

 

BOSTON FINANCIAL DATA SERVICES, INC.

 

International Value Advisers, LLC

 



 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

 

 

 

Page

 

 

 

 

1.

Terms of Appointment and Duties

 

1

 

 

 

 

2.

Third Party Administrators for Defined Contribution Plans

 

6

 

 

 

 

3.

Fees and Expenses

 

7

 

 

 

 

4.

Representations and Warranties of the Transfer Agent

 

9

 

 

 

 

5.

Representations and Warranties of the Funds

 

9

 

 

 

 

6.

Wire Transfer Operating Guidelines

 

10

 

 

 

 

7.

Data Access and Proprietary Information

 

11

 

 

 

 

8.

Indemnification

 

13

 

 

 

 

9.

Standard of Care

 

16

 

 

 

 

10.

Confidentiality

 

16

 

 

 

 

11.

Covenants of the Funds and the Transfer Agent

 

17

 

 

 

 

12.

Termination of Agreement

 

19

 

 

 

 

13.

Assignment and Third Party Beneficiaries

 

21

 

 

 

 

14.

Subcontractors

 

22

 

 

 

 

15.

Changes and Modifications

 

22

 

 

 

 

16.

Miscellaneous

 

23

 

 

 

 

17.

Additional Funds/Portfolios

 

24

 

 

 

 

18.

Limitations of Liability of the Trustees and Shareholders

 

25

 

Schedule A

Funds and Portfolios

Schedule 1.2(f)

AML and CIP Delegation

Schedule 2.1

Third Party Administrator(s) Procedures

Schedule 3.1

Fees and Expenses

 



 

TRANSFER AGENCY AND SERVICE AGREEMENT

 

THIS AGREEMENT made as of the 21 st  day of August, 2008, by and between EACH OF THE ENTITIES, INDIVIDUALLY AND NOT JOINTLY, as listed on Schedule A, having their principal office and place of business at c/o International Value Advisers, LLC 645 Madison Avenue, 12 th Floor, New York, New York 10022 (collectively, the “Funds” and individually, the “Fund”) and BOSTON FINANCIAL DATA SERVICES, INC., a Massachusetts corporation having its principal office and place of business at 2 Heritage Drive, North Quincy, Massachusetts 02171 (the “Transfer Agent”).

 

WHEREAS, certain Funds may be authorized to issue shares in a separate series, such series shall be named under the respective Fund in the attached Schedule A, which may be amended by the parties from time to time, (each such series, together with all other series subsequently established by a Fund and made subject to this Agreement in accordance with Section 17 , being herein referred to as a “Portfolio”, and collectively as the “Portfolios”);

 

WHEREAS, each Fund is either a statutory or business trust or a corporation organized under the laws of a state (as set forth on the Schedule A) and registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission as an investment company pursuant to the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”);

 

WHEREAS, it is contemplated that additional Funds and Portfolios may become parties to this Agreement by written consent of the parties hereto and in accordance with Section 17 ; and

 

WHEREAS, each Fund, on behalf of itself and, where applicable, its Portfolios, desires to appoint the Transfer Agent as its transfer agent, dividend disbursing agent and agent in connection with certain other activities, and the Transfer Agent desires to accept such appointment.

 

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants herein contained, the parties hereto agree as follows:

 

1.                                        Terms of Appointment and Duties

 

1.1                      Transfer Agency Services.   Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, each Fund, on behalf of itself and, where applicable, its Portfolios, hereby employs and appoints the Transfer Agent to act as, and the Transfer Agent agrees to act as, its transfer agent for each Fund’s authorized and issued shares or beneficial interest, as the case may be, (“Shares”), dividend disbursing agent and agent in connection with any accumulation, open-account or similar plan provided to the shareholders of each Fund and of any Portfolios of a Fund (“Shareholders”), including without limitation any periodic investment plan or periodic withdrawal program.  In accordance with procedures established from time to time by agreement between the Transfer Agent and each of the Funds and their respective Portfolios, (the “Procedures”) with such changes or deviations there from as have been (or may from time to time be) agreed upon in writing by the parties, the Transfer Agent agrees that it will perform the following services:

 



 

(a)           Establish each Shareholder’s account in the Fund on the Transfer Agent’s recordkeeping system and maintain such account for the benefit of such Shareholder in accordance with the Procedures;

 

(b)          Receive for acceptance and process orders for the purchase of Shares, and promptly deliver payment and appropriate documentation thereof to the Custodian of the Fund authorized pursuant to the organizational documents of the Fund (the “Custodian”);

 

(c)           Pursuant to purchase orders, issue the appropriate number of Shares and hold such Shares in the appropriate Shareholder account;

 

(d)          Receive for acceptance and process redemption requests and redemption directions and deliver the appropriate documentation thereof to the Custodian;

 

(e)           In respect to items (a) through (d) above, the Transfer Agent may execute transactions directly with broker-dealers authorized by the Fund;

 

(f)             At the appropriate time as and when it receives monies paid to it by the Custodian with respect to any redemption, pay over or cause to be paid over in the appropriate manner such monies as instructed by the redeeming Shareholders;

 

(g)          Effect transfers of Shares by the registered owners thereof upon receipt of appropriate instructions;

 

(h)          Prepare and transmit payments for dividends and distributions declared by the Fund or any Portfolio thereof, as the case may be;

 

(i)              If applicable, issue replacement certificates for those certificates alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed upon receipt by the Transfer Agent of indemnification satisfactory to the Transfer Agent and protecting the Transfer Agent and the Fund, and the Transfer Agent at its option, may issue replacement certificates in place of mutilated stock certificates upon presentation thereof and without such indemnity;

 

(j)              Issue replacement checks and place stop orders on original checks based on Shareholder’s representation that a check was not received or was lost.  Such stop orders and replacements will be deemed to have been made at the request of the Fund, and, as between the Fund and the Transfer Agent, the Fund shall be responsible for all losses or claims resulting from such replacement;

 

(k)           Maintain records of account for and advise the Fund and its Shareholders as to the foregoing;

 

(l)              Record the issuance of Shares of the Fund and maintain pursuant to SEC Rule 17Ad-10(e) a record of the total number of Shares of the Fund which are authorized, based upon data provided to it by the Fund, and issued and outstanding.  The Transfer Agent shall also provide the Fund on a regular basis with the total number of Shares

 

2



 

which are authorized and issued and outstanding but shall have no obligation, when recording the issuance of Shares, to monitor the issuance of such Shares or to take cognizance of any laws relating to the issue or sale of such Shares, which functions shall be the sole responsibility of the Fund;

 

(m)        Accept any information, records, documents, data, certificates, transaction requests by machine readable input, facsimile, CRT data entry and electronic instructions, including e-mail communications, which have been prepared, maintained or provided by the Fund or any other person or firm on behalf of the Fund or from broker-dealers of record or third-party administrators (“TPAs”) on behalf of individual Shareholders.  With respect to transaction requests received in the foregoing manner, the Transfer Agent shall not be responsible for determining that the original source documentation is in good order, which includes compliance with Rule 22c-1 under the 1940 Act, and it will be the responsibility of the Fund to require its broker-dealers or TPAs to retain such documentation.  E-mail exchanges on routine matters may be made directly with the Fund’s contact at the Transfer Agent.  The Transfer Agent will not act on any e-mail communications coming to it directly from Shareholders requesting transactions, including, but not limited to, monetary transactions, change of ownership, or beneficiary changes;

 

(n)          Maintain and manage, as agent for the Fund, such bank accounts as the Transfer Agent shall deem necessary for the performance of its duties under this Agreement, including but not limited to, the processing of Share purchases and redemptions and the payment of Fund dividends and distributions.   The Transfer Agent may maintain such accounts at the bank or banks deemed appropriate by the Transfer Agent.  In connection with the recordkeeping and other services provided to the Fund hereunder, the Transfer Agent may receive compensation for the management of such accounts and such compensation may be calculated based upon the average balances of such accounts;

 

(o)          Receive correspondence pertaining to any former, existing or new Shareholder account, process such correspondence for proper recordkeeping and respond to Shareholder correspondence; and

 

(p)          Process any request from a Shareholder to change account registration, beneficiary, beneficiary information, transfer and rollovers in accordance with the Procedures.

 

1.2                      Additional Services.  In addition to, and neither in lieu nor in contravention of, the services set forth in the above paragraphs, the Transfer Agent shall perform the following services:

 

(a)           Other Customary Services.  Perform certain customary services of a transfer agent, dividend disbursing agent and, as relevant, agent in connection with accumulation, open-account or similar plan (including without limitation any periodic investment plan or periodic withdrawal program), including but not limited to: maintaining all Shareholder accounts; arranging for mailing of Shareholder reports and prospectuses to current Shareholders; withholding taxes on U.S. resident and non-resident alien accounts; preparing and filing U.S. Treasury Department Forms 1099 and other

 

3



 

appropriate forms required with respect to dividends and distributions by federal authorities for all Shareholders; preparing and mailing confirmation forms and statements of account to Shareholders for all purchases and redemptions of Shares and other confirmable transactions in Shareholder accounts; preparing and mailing activity statements for Shareholders; and providing Shareholder account information;

 

(b)          Control Book (also known as “Super Sheet”).   Maintain a daily record and produce a daily report for the Fund of all transactions and receipts and disbursements of money and securities and deliver a copy of such report for the Fund for each business day to the Fund no later than 9:00 AM Eastern Time, or such earlier time as the Fund may reasonably require, on the next business day;

 

(c)           “Blue Sky” Reporting .  The Fund or its administrator shall identify to the Transfer Agent in writing the states and countries where the Shares of the Fund are registered or exempt, and the number of Shares registered for sale with respect to each state or country, as applicable.  The Transfer Agent shall establish the foregoing parameters on the system for the designated Blue Sky vendor.  The Fund or its administrator shall verify that such parameters have been correctly established for each state or country on the system prior to activation and thereafter shall be responsible for monitoring the daily activity for each state or country.  The responsibility of the Transfer Agent for the Fund’s blue sky registration status is solely limited to the initial establishment of the parameters provided by the Fund or the administrator for the vendor’s system and the daily transmission of a file to such vendor in order that the vendor may provide reports to the Fund or the administrator for monitoring;

 

(d)          National Securities Clearing Corporation (the “NSCC”).  (i) Accept and effectuate the registration and maintenance of accounts through Networking and the purchase, redemption, transfer and exchange of shares in such accounts through Fund/SERV (Networking and Fund/SERV being programs operated by the NSCC on behalf of NSCC’s participants, including the Fund), in accordance with, instructions transmitted to and received by the Transfer Agent by transmission from NSCC on behalf of authorized broker-dealers on the Fund dealer file maintained by the Transfer Agent;  (ii) issue instructions to the Fund’s banks for the settlement of transactions between the Fund and NSCC (acting on behalf of its broker-dealer and bank participants); (iii) provide account and transaction information from the affected Fund’s records on DST Systems, Inc.’s computer system TA2000 (“TA2000 System”) in accordance with NSCC’s Networking and Fund/SERV rules for those broker-dealers; and (iv) maintain Shareholder accounts on TA2000 System through Networking;

 

(e)           Performance of Certain Services by the Fund or Affiliates or Agents.  New procedures as to who shall provide certain of these services may be established in writing from time to time by agreement between the Fund and the Transfer Agent.  The Transfer Agent may at times perform only a portion of these services and the Fund or its agent may perform these services on the Fund’s behalf.;

 

(f)             Anti -Money Laundering (“AML”) Delegation .  If the Fund elects to delegate to the Transfer Agent certain AML duties under this Agreement, the parties will agree to such

 

4



 

duties and terms as stated in the attached schedule (“Schedule 1.2(f)” entitled “AML Delegation”) which may be changed from time to time subject to mutual written agreement between the parties.  In consideration of the performance of the duties by the Transfer Agent pursuant to this Section 1.2(f), the Fund agrees to pay the Transfer Agent for the reasonable administrative expense that may be associated with such additional duties;

 

(g)          Call Center Services.  Upon request of the Fund, answer telephone inquiries from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m., eastern time, each day on which the New York Stock Exchange is open for trading.  The Transfer Agent shall answer and respond to inquiries from existing Shareholders, prospective Shareholders of the Fund and broker-dealers on behalf of such Shareholders in accordance with the telephone scripts provided by the Fund to the Transfer Agent, such inquiries may include requests for information on account set-up and maintenance, general questions regarding the operation of the Fund, general account information including dates of purchases, redemptions, exchanges and account balances, requests for account access instructions and literature requests.  In consideration of the performance of the duties by the Transfer Agent pursuant to this Section, the Fund agrees to pay the Transfer Agent the fee set forth on Schedule 3.1 attached hereto and the reimbursable expenses that may be associated with these additional duties;

 

(h)          Short Term Trader.  Upon request of the Fund, the Transfer Agent will provide the Fund with periodic reports on trading activity in the Fund based on parameters provided to the Transfer Agent by the Fund, as amended from time to time.  The services to be performed by the Transfer Agent for the Fund hereunder will be ministerial only and the Transfer Agent shall have no responsibility for monitoring or reviewing market-timing activities.  In consideration of the performance of the duties by the Transfer Agent pursuant to this Section, the Fund agrees to pay the Transfer Agent the fee set forth on Schedule 3.1 attached hereto and the reasonable reimbursable expenses that may be associated with these additional duties;

 

(i)              Omnibus Transparency Services .  Upon request of the Fund, the Transfer Agent shall carry out certain information requests, analyses and reporting services in support of the Fund’s obligations under Rule 22c-2(a)(2), (3).  The parties will agree to such services and terms as stated in the attached schedule (“Schedule 1.2(i)” entitled “Omnibus Transparency Services”) that may be changed from time to time subject to mutual written agreement between the parties.  In consideration of the performance of the services by the Transfer Agent pursuant to this Section 1.2(i), the Fund agrees to pay the Transfer Agent for such fees and expenses associated with such additional services as set forth on Schedule 3.1; and

 

(j)              Escheatment, Orders, Etc.    If requested by the Fund (and as mutually agreed upon by the parties as to any reasonable reimbursable expenses), provide any additional related services (i.e., pertaining to escheatments, abandoned property, garnishment orders, bankruptcy and divorce proceedings, Internal Revenue Service or state tax authority tax levies and summonses and all matters relating to the foregoing).

 

5



 

1.3                      Fiduciary Accounts .  With respect to certain retirement plans or accounts (such as individual retirement accounts (“IRAs”), SIMPLE IRAs, SEP IRAs, Roth IRAs, Coverdell Education Savings Accounts, and 403(b) arrangements (such accounts, “Fiduciary Accounts”)), the Transfer Agent, at the request of the Fund, shall arrange for the provision of appropriate prototype plans as well as provide or arrange for the provision of various services to such plans and/or accounts, which services may include custodial services to be provided by State Street Bank and Trust Company (“State Street”), account set-up maintenance, and disbursements as well as such other services as the parties hereto shall mutually agree upon.

 

1.4                      Site Visits and Inspections; Regulatory Examinations.   During the term of this Agreement, authorized representatives of the Fund may conduct periodic site visits of the Transfer Agent’s facilities and inspect the Transfer Agent’s records and procedures solely as they pertain to the Transfer Agent’s services for the Fund under or pursuant to this Agreement.  Such inspections shall be conducted at the Fund’s expense (which shall include costs related to providing materials, copying, faxing, retrieving stored materials, and similar expenses) and shall occur during the Transfer Agent’s regular business hours and, except as otherwise agreed to by the parties, no more frequently than twice a year.  In connection with such site visit and/or inspection, the Fund shall not attempt to access, nor will it review, the records of any other clients of the Transfer Agent and the Fund shall conduct the visit/inspection in a manner that will not interfere with the Transfer Agent’s normal and customary conduct of its business activities, including the provision of services to the Fund and to other clients.  The Transfer Agent shall have the right to immediately require the removal of any Fund representatives from its premises in the event that their actions, in the reasonable opinion of the Transfer Agent, jeopardize the information security of its systems and/or other client data or otherwise are disruptive to the business of the Transfer Agent.  The Transfer Agent may require any persons seeking access to its facilities to provide reasonable evidence of their authority.  The Transfer Agent may also reasonably require any of the Fund’s representatives to execute a confidentiality agreement before granting such individuals access to its facilities.  The Transfer Agent will also provide reasonable access to the Fund’s governmental regulators, at the Fund’s expense, solely to (i) the Fund’s records held by the Transfer Agent and (ii) the procedures of the Transfer Agent directly related to its provision of services to the Fund under the Agreement.

 

2.                                        Third Party Administrators for Defined Contribution Plans

 

2.1                      The Fund may decide to make available to certain of its customers, a qualified plan program (the “Program”) pursuant to which the customers (“Employers”) may adopt certain plans of deferred compensation (“Plan or Plans”) for the benefit of the individual Plan participant (the “Plan Participant”), such Plan(s) being qualified under Section 401(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (“Code”) and administered by TPAs which may be plan administrators as defined in the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended.

 

2.2                      In accordance with the procedures established in Schedule 2.1 entitled “Third Party Administrator Procedures,” as may be amended by the Transfer Agent and the Fund

 

6



 

from time to time (“Schedule 2.1”), the Transfer Agent shall:

 

(a)           Treat Shareholder accounts established by the Plans in the name of the Trustees, Plans or TPAs, as the case may be, as omnibus accounts;

 

(b)          Maintain omnibus accounts on its records in the name of the TPA or its designee as the Trustee for the benefit of the Plan; and

 

(c)           Perform all services under Section 1 as transfer agent of the Funds and not as a record-keeper for the Plans.

 

2.3                      Transactions identified under Sections 1 and 2 of this Agreement shall be deemed exception services (“Exception Services”) when such transactions:

 

(a)           Require the Transfer Agent to use methods and procedures other than those usually employed by the Transfer Agent to perform transfer agency and recordkeeping services;

 

(b)          Involve the provision of information to the Transfer Agent after the commencement of the nightly processing cycle of the TA2000 System; or

 

(c)           Require more manual intervention by the Transfer Agent, either in the entry of data or in the modification or amendment of reports generated by the TA2000 System, than is normally required.

 

3.                                        Fees and Expenses

 

3.1                      Fee Schedule.  For the performance by the Transfer Agent pursuant to this Agreement, the Fund agrees to pay the Transfer Agent the fees and expenses as set forth in the attached fee schedule (“Schedule 3.1”).  Such fees and reimbursable expenses and advances identified under Section 3.2 below may be changed from time to time subject to mutual written agreement between the Fund and the Transfer Agent.  The parties agree that the fees set forth on Schedule 3.1 shall apply with respect to the Funds set forth on Schedule A hereto as of the date hereof and to any newly created funds added to this Agreement under Section 17 that have requirements consistent with services then being provided by the Transfer Agent under this Agreement.  The fees set forth on Schedule 3.1, however, shall not automatically apply to any funds resulting from acquisition or merger subsequent to the execution of this Agreement.  In the event that a fund is to become a party to this Agreement as the result of an acquisition or merger then the parties shall confer diligently and in good faith, and agree upon fees applicable to such fund.

 

3.2                      Reimbursable Expenses.   In addition to the fees paid under Section 3.1 above, the Fund agrees to reimburse the Transfer Agent for reimbursable expenses, including but not limited to: AML/CIP annual fee, suspicious activity reporting for networked accounts, audio response, checkwriting, CIP-related database searches, commission fee application, DST disaster recovery charge, escheatment, express mail and delivery services, federal wire charges, forms and production, freight charges, household tape

 

7



 

processing, lost shareholder searches, lost shareholder tracking, magnetic tapes, reels or cartridges, magnetic tape handling charges, manual check pulls, microfiche/COOL, microfilm, network products, new fund implementation, NSCC processing and communications, postage (to be paid in advance if so requested), offsite records storage, outside mailing services, P.O. box rental, print/mail services, programming hours, regulatory compliance fee per CUSIP, reporting (on request and scheduled), returned checks, Short Term Trader, special mailing, statements, supplies, tax reporting (federal and state), telecommunications equipment, telephone (telephone and fax lines), training, transcripts, travel, TIN certification (W-8 & W-9), vax payroll processing, year-end processing and other expenses incurred at the specific direction of the Fund or with advance written notice to the Fund.

 

3.3                      Increases .  Upon the commencement of the thirteenth month following the effective date of this agreement, the fees and charges set forth on Schedule 3.1 shall increase or may be increased (i) in accordance with Section 3.6 below; (ii) upon at least ninety (90) days prior written notice, if changes in laws applicable to its transfer agency business or laws applicable to the Fund, which the Transfer Agent has agreed to abide by and implement increases the Transfer Agent’s ongoing system utilization costs to provide the affected function by five percent (5%) or more; or (iii) in connection with new or additional functions or features or new services or modes of operation of the TA2000 system.  If the Transfer Agent notifies the Fund of an increase in fees or charges pursuant to subparagraph (ii) of this Section 3.3 , the parties shall confer, diligently and in good faith and agree upon a new fee or charges to cover the amount necessary, but not more than such amount, to reimburse the Transfer Agent for the increased costs of operation or new fund features.  If the Transfer Agent notified the Fund of an increase in fees under subparagraph (iii) of this Section 3.3 , the parties shall confer, diligently and in good faith, and agree upon a new fee to cover such new fund feature.

 

3.4                      Postage.  Postage for mailing of dividends, Fund reports and other mailings to all shareholder accounts shall be advanced to the Transfer Agent by the Fund at least seven (7) days prior to the mailing date of such materials.

 

3.5                      Invoices.  The Fund agrees to pay all fees and reimbursable expenses within thirty (30) days following the receipt of the respective invoice, except for any fees or expenses that are subject to good faith dispute.  In the event of such a dispute, the Fund may only withhold that portion of the fee or expense subject to the good faith dispute.  The Fund shall notify the Transfer Agent in writing within twenty-one (21) calendar days following the receipt of each invoice if the Fund is disputing any amounts in good faith.  If the Fund does not provide such notice of dispute within the required time, the invoice will be deemed accepted by the Fund.  The Fund shall settle such disputed amounts within five (5) days of the day on which the parties agree on the amount to be paid by payment of the agreed amount.  If no agreement is reached, then such disputed amounts shall be settled as may be required by law or legal process.

 

3.6                      Cost of Living Adjustment.   After the first year of the Initial Term, the total fee for all services for each succeeding year shall equal the fee that would be charged for the same services based on a fee rate (as reflected in a fee rate schedule) increased by the

 

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percentage increase for the twelve-month period of such previous calendar year of the CPI-W (defined below), or, in the event that publication of such Index is terminated, any successor or substitute index, appropriately adjusted, acceptable to both parties.  As used herein, “CPI-W” shall mean the Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers for Boston-Brockton-Nashua, MA-NH-ME-CT, (Base Period: 1982-84 = 100), as published by the United States Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics.

 

3.7                      Late Payments.   If any undisputed amount in an invoice of the Transfer Agent (for fees or reimbursable expenses) is not paid when due, the Fund shall pay the Transfer Agent interest thereon (from the due date to the date of payment) at a per annum rate equal to one percent (1.0%) plus the Prime Rate (that is, the base rate on corporate loans posted by large domestic banks) published by The Wall Street Journal (or, in the event such rate is not so published, a reasonably equivalent published rate selected by the Transfer Agent) on the first day of publication during the month when such amount was due.  Notwithstanding any other provision hereof, such interest rate shall be no greater than permitted under applicable provisions of Massachusetts law.

 

4.                                        Representations and Warranties of the Transfer Agent

 

The Transfer Agent represents and warrants to the Fund that:

 

4.1                      It is a corporation duly organized and existing and in good standing under the laws of The Commonwealth of Massachusetts.

 

4.2                      It is duly registered as a transfer agent under Section 17A(c)(2) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “1934 Act”), and it will remain so registered for the duration of this Agreement.  It will promptly notify the Fund in the event of any material change in its status as a registered transfer agent.

 

4.3                      It is duly qualified to carry on its business in The Commonwealth of Massachusetts.

 

4.4                      It is empowered under applicable laws and by its Articles of Organization and By-Laws to enter into and perform the services contemplated in this Agreement.

 

4.5                        All requisite corporate proceedings have been taken to authorize it to enter into and perform this Agreement.

 

4.6                      It has and will continue to have access to the necessary facilities, equipment and personnel to perform its duties and obligations under this Agreement.

 

5.                                        Representations and Warranties of the Fund

 

The Fund represents and warrants to the Transfer Agent that:

 

5.1                      It is a trust or corporation duly organized and existing and in good standing under the laws of the state of its organization as set forth on Schedule A.

 

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5.2                      It is empowered under applicable laws and by its organizational documents to enter into and perform this Agreement.

 

5.3                      All requisite corporate proceedings have been taken to authorize it to enter into and perform this Agreement.

 

5.4                      The Fund is an open-end and diversified management investment company registered under the 1940 Act.

 

5.5                      A registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, for each Fund will be effective as of [                      ] and will remain effective, and appropriate state securities law filings have been made and will continue to be made, with respect to all Shares being offered for sale by the Fund.

 

6.                                        Wire Transfer Operating Guidelines/Articles 4A of the Uniform Commercial Code

 

6.1                      Obligation of Sender .  The Transfer Agent is authorized to promptly debit the appropriate Fund account(s) upon the receipt of a payment order in compliance with the selected security procedure (the “Security Procedure”) chosen for funds transfer and in the amount of money that the Transfer Agent has been instructed to transfer.  The Transfer Agent shall execute payment orders in compliance with the Security Procedure and with the Fund instructions on the execution date provided that such payment order is received by the customary deadline for processing such a request, unless the payment order specifies a later time.  All payment orders and communications received after the customary deadline will be deemed to have been received the next business day.

 

6.2                      Security Procedure .  The Fund acknowledges that the Security Procedure it has designated on the Selection Form was selected by the Fund from security procedures offered by the Transfer Agent.  The Fund shall restrict access to confidential information relating to the Security Procedure to authorized persons as communicated to the Transfer Agent in writing.  The Fund must notify the Transfer Agent immediately if it has reason to believe unauthorized persons may have obtained access to such information or of any change in the Fund’s authorized personnel.  The Transfer Agent shall verify the authenticity of all Fund instructions according to the Security Procedure.

 

6.3                      Account Numbers .  The Transfer Agent shall process all payment orders on the basis of the account number contained in the payment order.  In the event of a discrepancy between any name indicated on the payment order and the account number, the account number shall take precedence and govern.

 

6.4                      Rejection .  The Transfer Agent reserves the right to decline to process or delay the processing of a payment order which (a) is in excess of the collected balance in the account to be charged at the time of the Transfer Agent’s receipt of such payment order; (b) if initiating such payment order would cause the Transfer Agent, in the Transfer Agent’s sole judgment, to exceed any volume, aggregate dollar, network, time, credit or similar limits which are applicable to the Transfer Agent; or (c) if the Transfer Agent, in

 

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good faith, is unable to satisfy itself that the transaction has been properly authorized.

 

6.5                      Cancellation Amendment .  The Transfer Agent shall use reasonable efforts to act on all authorized requests to cancel or amend payment orders received in compliance with the Security Procedure provided that such requests are received in a timely manner affording the Transfer Agent reasonable opportunity to act.  However, the Transfer Agent assumes no liability if the request for amendment or cancellation cannot be satisfied.

 

6.6                      Errors .  The Transfer Agent shall assume no responsibility for failure to detect any erroneous payment order provided that the Transfer Agent complies with the payment order instructions as received and the Transfer Agent complies with the Security Procedure.  The Security Procedure is established for the purpose of authenticating payment orders only and not for the detection of errors in payment orders.

 

6.7                      Interest .  The Transfer Agent shall assume no responsibility for lost interest with respect to the refundable amount of any unauthorized payment order, unless the Transfer Agent is notified of the unauthorized payment order within thirty (30) days of notification by the Transfer Agent of the acceptance of such payment order.

 

6.8                      ACH Credit Entries/Provisional Payments .  When the Fund initiates or receives Automated Clearing House credit and debit entries pursuant to these guidelines and the rules of the National Automated Clearing House Association and the New England Clearing House Association, State Street will act as an Originating Depository Financial Institution and/or Receiving Depository Financial Institution, as the case may be, with respect to such entries.  Credits given by the Transfer Agent with respect to an ACH credit entry are provisional until the Transfer Agent receives final settlement for such entry from the Federal Reserve Bank.  If the Transfer Agent does not receive such final settlement, the Fund agrees that the Transfer Agent shall receive a refund of the amount credited to the Fund in connection with such entry, and the party making payment to the Fund via such entry shall not be deemed to have paid the amount of the entry.

 

6.9                      Confirmation .  Confirmation of Transfer Agent’s execution of payment orders shall ordinarily be provided within twenty four (24) hours notice of which may be delivered through the Transfer Agent’s proprietary information systems, or by facsimile or call-back.  Fund must report any objections to the execution of an order within thirty (30) days.

 

7.                                        Data Access and Proprietary Information

 

7.1                      The Fund acknowledges that the databases, computer programs, screen formats, report formats, interactive design techniques, and documentation manuals furnished to the Fund by the Transfer Agent as part of the Fund ‘s ability to access certain Fund -related data maintained by the Transfer Agent on databases under the control and ownership of the Transfer Agent or other third party (“Data Access Services”) constitute copyrighted, trade secret, or other proprietary information (collectively, “Proprietary Information”) of substantial value to the Transfer Agent or other third party.  In no event shall Proprietary

 

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Information be deemed Customer Information (as defined in Section 10.2 below) or the confidential information of the Fund.  The Fund agrees to treat all Proprietary Information as proprietary to the Transfer Agent and further agrees that it shall not divulge any Proprietary Information to any person or organization except as may be provided hereunder.  Without limiting the foregoing, the Fund agrees for itself and its employees and agents to:

 

(a)           Use such programs and databases (i) solely on the Fund’s computers, (ii) solely from equipment at the location agreed to between the Fund and the Transfer Agent and (iii) solely in accordance with the Transfer Agent’s applicable user documentation;

 

(b)          Refrain from copying or duplicating in any way (other than in the normal course of performing processing on the Fund’s computer(s)), the Proprietary Information;

 

(c)           Refrain from obtaining unauthorized access to any portion of the Proprietary Information, and if such access is inadvertently obtained, to inform the Transfer Agent in a timely manner of such fact and dispose of such information in accordance with the Transfer Agent’s instructions;

 

(d)          Refrain from causing or allowing information transmitted from the Transfer Agent’s computer to the Fund’s computer to be retransmitted to any other computer or other device except as expressly permitted by the Transfer Agent (such permission not to be unreasonably withheld);

 

(e)           Allow the Fund to have access only to those authorized transactions as agreed to between the Fund and the Transfer Agent; and

 

(f)             Honor all reasonable written requests made by the Transfer Agent to protect at the Transfer Agent’s expense the rights of the Transfer Agent in Proprietary Information at common law, under federal copyright law and under other federal or state law.

 

7.2                      Proprietary Information shall not include all or any portion of any of the foregoing items that:  (i) are or become publicly available without breach of this Agreement; (ii) are released for general disclosure by a written release by the Transfer Agent; or (iii) are already in the possession of the receiving party at the time of receipt without obligation of confidentiality or breach of this Agreement.

 

7.3                      The Fund acknowledges that its obligation to protect the Transfer Agent’s Proprietary Information is essential to the business interest of the Transfer Agent and that the disclosure of such Proprietary Information in breach of this Agreement would cause the Transfer Agent immediate, substantial and irreparable harm, the value of which would be extremely difficult to determine.  Accordingly, the parties agree that, in addition to any other remedies that may be available in law, equity, or otherwise for the disclosure or use of the Proprietary Information in breach of this Agreement, the Transfer Agent shall be entitled to seek and obtain a temporary restraining order, injunctive relief, or other equitable relief against the continuance of such breach.

 

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7.4                      If the Fund notifies the Transfer Agent that any of the Data Access Services do not operate in material compliance with the most recently issued user documentation for such services, the Transfer Agent shall endeavor in a timely manner to correct such failure.  Organizations from which the Transfer Agent may obtain certain data included in the Data Access Services are solely responsible for the contents of such data and the Fund agrees to make no claim against the Transfer Agent arising out of the contents of such third-party data, including, but not limited to, the accuracy thereof.  DATA ACCESS SERVICES AND ALL COMPUTER PROGRAMS AND SOFTWARE SPECIFICATIONS USED IN CONNECTION THEREWITH ARE PROVIDED ON AN AS IS, AS AVAILABLE BASIS.  EXCEPT THOSE EXPRESSLY STATED HEREIN THE TRANSFER AGENT EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

 

7.5                      If the transactions available to the Fund include the ability to originate electronic instructions to the Transfer Agent in order to (i) effect the transfer or movement of cash or Shares or (ii) transmit Shareholder information or other information, then in such event the Transfer Agent shall be entitled to rely on the validity and authenticity of such instruction without undertaking any further inquiry as long as such instruction is undertaken in conformity with security procedures established by the Transfer Agent from time to time.

 

7.6                      Each party shall take reasonable efforts to advise its employees of their obligations pursuant to this Section 7 .  The obligations of this Section shall survive any earlier termination of this Agreement.

 

8.                                        Indemnification

 

8.1                      The Transfer Agent shall not be responsible for, and the Fund shall indemnify and hold the Transfer Agent, and with respect to Section 1.3 and Section 8.1(f)  herein, also State Street, harmless, from and against, any and all losses, damages, costs, charges, counsel fees (including the defense of any lawsuit in which the Transfer Agent or affiliate is a named party), payments, expenses and liability arising out of or attributable to:

 

(a)           All actions of the Transfer Agent or its agents or subcontractors required to be taken pursuant to this Agreement, provided that such actions are taken in good faith and without negligence or willful misconduct;

 

(b)          The Fund’s lack of good faith, negligence or willful misconduct;

 

(c)           The reliance upon, and any subsequent use of or action taken or omitted, by the Transfer Agent, or its agents or subcontractors on: (i) any information, records, documents, data, stock certificates or services, which are received by the Transfer Agent or its agents or subcontractors by machine readable input, facsimile, CRT data entry, electronic instructions, or other similar means authorized by the Fund, and which have been prepared, maintained or performed by the Fund or any other person or firm on behalf of the Fund including but not limited to any broker-dealer, TPA or previous

 

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transfer agent; (ii) any instructions or requests of the Fund or any of its officers; (iii) any instructions or opinions of legal counsel with respect to any matter arising in connection with the services to be performed by the Transfer Agent under this Agreement which are provided to the Transfer Agent by counsel to the Fund after consultation with such legal counsel and upon which instructions or opinion the Transfer Agent is expressly permitted to rely or opinions of legal counsel that are obtained by the Transfer Agent; or (iv) any paper or document, reasonably believed to be genuine, authentic, or signed by the proper person or persons;

 

(d)          The offer or sale of Shares in violation of federal or state securities laws or regulations requiring that such Shares be registered, or in violation of any stop order or other determination or ruling by any federal or any state agency with respect to the offer or sale of such Shares;

 

(e)           The acceptance of facsimile transaction requests on behalf of individual Shareholders received from broker-dealers, TPAs or the Fund, and the reliance by the Transfer Agent on the broker-dealer, TPA or the Fund ensuring that the original source documentation is in good order and properly retained;

 

(f)             The negotiation and processing of any checks, wires and ACH transmissions including without limitation for deposit into, or credit to, the Fund’s demand deposit accounts maintained by the Transfer Agent; or

 

(g)          Upon the Fund’s request entering into any agreements required by the NSCC for the transmission of Fund or Shareholder data through the NSCC clearing systems.

 

8.2                      To the extent that the Transfer Agent is not entitled to indemnification pursuant to Section 8.1 above and only to the extent of such right, the Fund shall not be responsible for, and the Transfer Agent shall indemnify and hold the Fund harmless from and against any losses, damages, costs, charges, reasonable counsel fees, payments, expenses and liability arising directly out of or attributable to any action or failure of the Transfer Agent to act as a result of the Transfer Agent’s lack of good faith, negligence or willful misconduct in the performance of its services hereunder.  For those activities or actions delineated in the Procedures, the Transfer Agent shall be presumed to have used reasonable care, acted without negligence, and acted in good faith if it has acted in accordance with the Procedures.

 

8.3                      In order that the indemnification provisions contained in this Section 8 shall apply, upon the assertion of a claim for which one party may be required to indemnify the other party, the indemnified party shall promptly notify the indemnifying party of such assertion, and shall keep the indemnifying party advised with respect to all developments concerning such claim.  The indemnifying party shall have the option to participate with the indemnified party in the defense of such claim or to defend against said claim in its own name or in the name of the indemnified party.  The indemnified party shall in no case confess any claim or make any compromise in any case in which the indemnifying party may be required to indemnify the indemnified party except with the indemnifying party’s prior written consent.

 

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8.4                      As-of Adjustments.

 

(a)           Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, with respect to “as of” adjustments, the Transfer Agent will not assume one hundred percent (100%) responsibility for losses resulting from “as ofs” due to clerical errors or misinterpretations of shareholder instructions, but the Transfer Agent will discuss with the Fund the Transfer Agent’s accepting liability for an “as of” on a case-by-case basis and, subject to the limitation set forth in Section 9, will accept financial responsibility for a particular situation resulting in a financial loss to the Fund where such loss is “material,” as hereinafter defined, and, under the particular facts at issue, the Transfer Agent’s conduct was culpable and the Transfer Agent’s conduct is the sole cause of the loss.  A loss is “material” for purposes of this Section 8.4 when it results in a pricing error on a particular transaction which equals or exceeds one full cent ($.01) per share times the number of shares outstanding or such other amounts as may be adopted by applicable accounting or regulatory authorities from time to time.

 

(b)          If the net effect of the “as of” transactions that are determined to be caused solely by the Transfer Agent is negative and exceeds the above limit, then the Transfer Agent shall promptly contact the Fund accountants.  The Transfer Agent will work with the Fund accountants to determine what, if any, impact the threshold break has on the Fund’s Net Asset Value and what, if any, further action is required.  These further actions may include but are not limited to, the Fund re-pricing the affected day(s), the Transfer Agent re-processing, at its expense, all affected transactions in the Fund that took place during the period or a payment to the Fund.  The Fund agrees to work in good faith with the Transfer Agent and wherever possible, absent a regulatory prohibition or other mutually agreed upon reason, the Fund agrees to re-price the affected day(s) and to allow the Transfer Agent to re-process the affected transactions.  When such re-pricing and re-processing is not possible, and when the Transfer Agent must contribute to the settlement of a loss, the Transfer Agent’s responsibility will commence with that portion of the loss over $0.01 per share calculated on the basis of the total value of all Shares owned by the affected Portfolio (i.e., on the basis of the value of the Shares of the total Portfolio, including all classes of that Portfolio, not just those of the affected class) and the Transfer Agent will make such account adjustments and take such other action as is necessary to compensate Shareholders for Shareholder losses and reimburse the Fund for the amount of Fund losses in accordance with the foregoing standards.  If the Transfer Agent contributes to the settlement of a loss, the amount paid by the Transfer Agent shall be deducted from the amount of any accumulated losses calculated in the fiscal year monitoring process described below.

 

(c)           The Transfer Agent will monitor all Portfolios across Share classes to determine the accumulated gain or loss effect of “as-of trades” caused solely by the Transfer Agent.  At the fiscal year end of each Portfolio, if the Portfolio has an accumulated loss across Share classes that is attributed to the Transfer Agent, then the Transfer Agent shall pay to the Fund the amount of such loss in excess of $.01 per share calculated on the basis of the total value of all Shares owned by the affected Portfolio (i.e., on the basis of the value of the Shares of the total Portfolio, including all classes of that

 

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Portfolio, not just those of the affected class).  If at the end of the fiscal year, a Portfolio has accumulated a gain across Share classes, that gain will remain with the Fund

 

9.                                        Standard of Care

 

The Transfer Agent shall at all times act in good faith and agrees to use its best efforts within reasonable limits to ensure the accuracy of all services performed under this Agreement, but assumes no responsibility and shall not be liable for loss or damage due to errors, including encoding and payment processing errors, unless said errors are caused by its negligence, bad faith, or willful misconduct or that of its employees or agents.  The parties agree that any encoding or payment processing errors shall be governed by this standard of care and that Section 4-209 of the Uniform Commercial Code is superseded by Section 9 of this Agreement.  This standard of care also shall apply to Exception Services, as defined in Section 2.3 herein, but shall take into consideration and make allowances for the manual processing and non-standard work involved in Exception Services.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Transfer Agent’s aggregate liability during any term of this Agreement with respect to, arising from or arising in connection with this Agreement, or from all services provided or omitted to be provided by the Transfer Agent under this Agreement for all of the Funds subject to this Agreement, whether in contract, or in tort, or otherwise, is limited to, and shall not exceed the aggregate of the amounts actually received hereunder by the Transfer Agent as fees and charges, but not including reimbursable expenses, for all of the Funds covered by this Agreement during the six (6) calendar months immediately preceding the first event for which recovery from the Transfer Agent is being sought.

 

10.                                  Confidentiality

 

10.1                The Transfer Agent and the Fund agree that they will not, at any time during the term of this Agreement or after its termination, reveal, divulge, or make known to any person, firm, corporation or other business organization, any customers’ lists, trade secrets, cost figures and projections, profit figures and projections, or any other secret or confidential information whatsoever, whether of the Transfer Agent or of the Fund, used or gained by the Transfer Agent or the Fund during performance under this Agreement.  The Fund and the Transfer Agent further covenant and agree to retain all such knowledge and information acquired during and after the term of this Agreement respecting such lists, trade secrets, or any secret or confidential information whatsoever in trust for the sole benefit of the Transfer Agent or the Fund and their successors and assigns.  In the event of breach of the foregoing by either party, the remedies provided by Section 7.3 shall be available to the party whose confidential information is disclosed.  The above prohibition of disclosure shall not apply to the extent that the Transfer Agent must disclose such data to its sub-contractor or Fund agent for purposes of providing services under this Agreement.

 

10.2                As between the Fund and Transfer Agent, Customer Information (as defined below) is and will remain the sole and exclusive property of the Fund.  “Customer Information” means all the customer identifying data however collected or received, including without limitation, through “cookies” or non-electronic means pertaining to or

 

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identifiable to the Fund’s customer(s) or prospective customer(s) and plan administrators (collectively, “Fund Customers”), including without limitation, (i) name, address, email address, passwords, account numbers, personal financial information, personal preferences, demographic data, marketing data, data about securities transactions, credit data or any other identification data; (ii) any information that reflects the use of or interactions with a Fund service, including the Fund’s web site; or (iii) any data otherwise submitted in the process of registering for a Fund service.  For the avoidance of doubt, Customer Information shall include all “nonpublic personal information,” as defined under the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999 (Public Law 106-102, 113 Stat. 1138) (“GLB Act”). This Agreement shall not be construed as granting any ownership rights in Transfer Agent to Customer Information.

 

10.3                The Transfer Agent represents, covenants, and warrants that Transfer Agent will use Customer Information only in compliance with (i) the provisions of this Agreement, (ii) its own Privacy and Information Sharing Policy, as amended and updated from time to time and (iii) privacy laws applicable to its business, including the GLB Act as such is applicable to its transfer agency business.

 

10.4                In the event that any requests or demands are made for the inspection of the Shareholder records of the Fund, other than request for records of Shareholders pursuant to standard subpoenas from state or federal government authorities (i.e., divorce and criminal actions), the Transfer Agent will use reasonable efforts to notify the Fund (except where prohibited by law) and to secure instructions from an authorized officer of the Fund as to such inspection.  The Transfer Agent expressly reserves the right, however, to exhibit the Shareholder records to any person whenever it is advised by counsel that it may be held liable for the failure to exhibit the Shareholder records to such person or if required by law or court order.

 

11.                                  Covenants of the Fund and the Transfer Agent

 

11.1                The Fund shall promptly furnish to the Transfer Agent the following:

 

(a)           A certified copy of the resolution of the Board of Trustees or the Board of Directors, as the case may be, of the Fund authorizing the appointment of the Transfer Agent and the execution and delivery of this Agreement; and

 

(b)          A copy of the organizational documents of the Fund and all amendments thereto.

 

11.2                The Transfer Agent hereby agrees to establish and maintain facilities and procedures reasonably acceptable to the Fund for safekeeping of stock certificates, check forms and facsimile signature imprinting devices, if any; and for the preparation or use, and for keeping account of, such certificates, forms and devices.

 

11.3                Records.  The Transfer Agent shall keep records relating to the services to be performed hereunder, in the form, manner and for such periods, as it may deem advisable and as may be required by the laws and regulations applicable to its business as a Transfer Agent, including those set forth in 17 CFR 240.17Ad-6 and 17 CFR 240.17Ad-7, as

 

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such regulations may be amended from time to time.  The Transfer Agent shall also maintain customary records in connection with its agency for the Fund; particularly those records required to be maintained pursuant to subparagraph (2)(iv) of paragraph (b) of Rule 31a-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940.  Records maintained by the Transfer Agent on behalf of the Fund shall be made available for reasonable examinations by the SEC upon reasonable request and shall be maintained by the Transfer Agent for such period as required by applicable law or until such earlier time as the Transfer Agent has delivered such records into the Fund’s possession or destroyed them at the Fund’s request.

 

11.4                Compliance Program.   The Transfer Agent maintains and will continue to maintain a comprehensive compliance program reasonably designed to prevent violations of the federal securities laws pursuant to Rule 38a-1 under the 1940 Act.  Pursuant to its compliance program, the Transfer Agent will provide periodic measurement reports to the Fund.  Upon request of the Fund, the Transfer Agent will provide to the Fund in connection with any periodic annual or semi-annual shareholder report filed by the Fund or, in the absence of the filing of such reports, on a quarterly basis, a sub-certification pursuant to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 with respect to the Transfer Agent’s performance of the services set forth in this Agreement and its internal controls related thereto.  In addition, on a quarterly basis, the Transfer Agent will provide to the Fund a certification in connection with Rule 38a-1 under the 1940 Act.  The Transfer Agent reserves the right to amend and update its compliance program and the measurement tools and certifications provided thereunder from time to time in order to address changing regulatory and industry developments.

 

11.5                SAS70 Reports.   The Transfer Agent will furnish to the Fund, on a semi-annual basis, a report in accordance with Statements on Auditing Standards No. 70 (the “SAS70 Report”) as well as such other reports and information relating to the Transfer Agent’s policies and procedures and its compliance with such policies and procedures and with the laws applicable to its business and its services, as the Fund may reasonably request.

 

11.6                Information Security.   The Transfer Agent maintains and will continue to maintain at each service location physical and information security safeguards against the destruction, loss, theft or alteration of the Fund’s Confidential Information, including Customer Information, in the possession of the Transfer Agent that will be no less rigorous than those in place at the effective date of this Agreement, and from time to time enhanced in accordance with changes in regulatory requirements.  The Transfer Agent will, at a minimum, update its policies to remain compliant with regulatory requirements.  The Transfer Agent will meet with the Fund, at its request, on an annual basis to discuss information security safeguards.  If the Transfer Agent or its agents discover or are notified that someone has violated security relating to the Fund’s Confidential Information, including Customer Information, the Transfer Agent will promptly (a) notify the Fund of such violation, and (b) if the applicable Confidential Information was in the possession or under the control of the Transfer Agent or its agents at the time of such violation, the Transfer Agent will promptly (i) investigate, contain and address the violation, and (ii) provide the Fund with assurance reasonably satisfactory to the Fund that such violation will not recur.

 

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11.7                Business Continuity. The Transfer Agent will maintain a comprehensive business continuity plan and will provide an executive summary of such plan upon reasonable request of the Fund.  The Transfer Agent will test the adequacy of its business continuity plan at least annually and upon request, the Fund may participate in such test.  Upon request by the Fund, the Transfer Agent will provide the Fund with a letter assessing the most recent business continuity test results.  In the event of a business disruption that materially impacts the Transfer Agent’s provision of services under this Agreement, the Transfer Agent will promptly notify the Fund of the disruption and the steps being implemented under the business continuity plan.

 

12.                                  Termination of Agreement

 

12.1                Term .  The initial term of this Agreement (the “Initial Term”) shall be three (3) years from the date first stated above unless terminated pursuant to the provisions of this Section 12 .  The term may be renewed by mutual agreement of the Transfer Agent and the individual Fund for successive periods of one year each (“Renewal Term”).  Either the Transfer Agent or the Fund shall give written notice to the other party one hundred twenty (120) days before the expiration of the Initial Term or of a Renewal Term if such party desires not to renew the term for an additional one year period and in the absence of such notice the Agreement shall renew automatically for such one year term.  In the event a Fund wishes to terminate this Agreement as to the Fund prior to the expiration of the Initial Term or a Renewal Term, the Fund shall give one hundred twenty (120) days prior written notice to the Transfer Agent and shall be subject to the terms of this Section, including the payments applicable under Section 12.3.   One hundred twenty (120) days before the expiration of the Initial Term or a Renewal Term, the Transfer Agent and the Fund will agree upon a Fee Schedule for the upcoming Renewal Term.  In the event the parties fail to agree upon a new Fee Schedule as of such date, the Fee Schedule set forth as Schedule 3.1 hereto shall remain in effect subject to increase under Section 3.6 .  Notwithstanding the termination or non-renewal of this Agreement, the terms and conditions of this Agreement shall continue to apply until the completion of Deconversion (defined below).

 

12.2                Deconversion . In the event that this Agreement is terminated or not renewed for any reason by the Fund, the Transfer Agent agrees that, in order to provide for uninterrupted service to the Fund, the Transfer Agent, at Fund’s request, shall offer reasonable assistance to the Fund in converting the Fund’s records from the Transfer Agent’s systems to whatever services or systems are designated by the Fund (the “Deconversion”).  Such Deconversion is subject to the recompense of the Transfer Agent for such assistance at its standard rates and fees in effect at the time and to a reasonable time frame for performance as agreed to by the parties.  As used herein “reasonable assistance” and “transitional assistance” shall not include requiring the Transfer Agent (i) to assist any new service or system provider to modify, to alter, to enhance, or to improve such provider’s system, or to provide any new functionality to such provider’s system, (ii) to disclose any protected information of the Transfer Agent, including the Proprietary Information as defined in Section 7.1 , or (iii) to develop Deconversion software, to modify any of the Transfer Agent’s software, or to otherwise

 

19



 

alter the format of the data as maintained on any provider’s systems.

 

12.3                Termination or Non Renewal .

 

(a)  Outstanding Fees and Charges .  In the event of termination or non-renewal of this Agreement by the Fund, the Fund will promptly pay the Transfer Agent all fees and charges for the services provided under this Agreement (i) which have been accrued and remain unpaid as of the date of such notice of termination or non-renewal and (ii) which thereafter accrue for the period through and including the date of the Fund’s Deconversion.

 

(b)  Deconversion Costs and Post-Deconversion Support Fees.  In the event of termination or non-renewal of this Agreement by the Fund, the Fund shall pay the Transfer Agent for the Deconversion costs as noted in Section 12.2 and all reasonable fees and expenses for providing any support services that the Fund requests the Transfer Agent to provide post Deconversion, including but not limited to tax reporting and open issue resolution.

 

(c)  Early Termination for Convenience .   In addition to the foregoing, in the event that the Fund terminates this Agreement prior to the end of the Initial Term or any Renewal Term other than due to the Transfer Agent’s bankruptcy under Section 12.6 or for cause under Section 12.7 , the Fund shall pay the Transfer Agent an amount equal to the average monthly fee paid by the Fund to the Transfer Agent under the Agreement multiplied by the number of months remaining in the Initial or Renewal Term and calculated as set forth on the then current Fee Schedule, on the date notice of termination was given to the Transfer Agent (the “Early Termination Fee”).

 

12.4                Confidential Information .  Upon termination of this Agreement, each party shall return to the other party all copies of confidential or proprietary materials or information received from such other party hereunder, other than materials or information required to be retained by such party under applicable laws or regulations.

 

12.5                Unpaid Invoices .  The Transfer Agent may terminate this Agreement immediately upon an unpaid invoice payable by the Fund to the Transfer Agent being outstanding for more than ninety (90) days after receipt by the Fund, except with respect to any amount subject to a good faith dispute within the meaning of Section 3.5 of this Agreement.

 

12.6                Bankruptcy.  Either party hereto may terminate this Agreement by notice to the other party, effective at any time specified therein, in the event that (a) the other party ceases to carry on its business or (b) an action is commenced by or against the other party under Title 11 of the United States Code or a receiver, conservator or similar officer is appointed for the other party and such suit, conservatorship or receivership is not discharged within thirty (30) days.

 

12.7                Cause.   If either of the parties hereto becomes in default in the performance of its duties or obligations hereunder and such default has a material adverse effect on the other party, then the non-defaulting party may give notice to the defaulting party specifying the nature of the default in sufficient detail to permit the defaulting party to identify and

 

20



 

cure such default.  If the defaulting party fails to cure such default within thirty (30) days of receipt of such notice, or within such other period of time as the parties may agree is necessary for such cure, then the non-defaulting party may terminate this Agreement upon notice of not less than five (5) days to the defaulting party.

 

12.8                In the event that the Fund terminates this Agreement prior to the end of the Initial Term or any Renewal Term, other than by reason of the Transfer Agent’s bankruptcy under Section 12.6 or for cause under Section 12.7 , then effective as of the first day of any month in which the Transfer Agent receives notice of such termination, all discounts of fees and charges or fee concessions provided under this Agreement and any related agreements shall cease and shall be recoverable retroactively to the date such discount or fee concession was first granted and the Fund shall return the amount of any such discounts and fee concessions and thereafter pay full, undiscounted fees and charges for the services.

 

12.9                The parties agree that the effective date of any Deconversion as a result of termination hereof shall not occur during the period from December 15th through March 1st of any year to avoid adversely impacting a year-end.

 

12.10   Within thirty (30) days after completion of a Deconversion, the Funds will give notice to the Transfer Agent containing reasonable instructions regarding the disposition of tapes, data files, records, original source documentation or other property belonging to the Fund and then in the Transfer Agent’s possession and shall make payment for the Transfer Agent’s reasonable costs to comply with such notice.  If the Fund fails to give that notice within thirty (30) days after termination of this Agreement, then the Transfer Agent may dispose of such property as it sees fit.  The reasonable costs of any such disposition or of the continued storage of such tapes, data files, records, original source documentation or other properties shall be billed to, and within thirty (30) days of receipt of such invoice paid by, the Fund.  Failure to pay such sums when due shall incur a late charge in accordance with Section 3.7 of this Agreement.  In no event shall the Transfer Agent be required to keep archived versions of Fund records beyond the requirements of law applicable to its transfer agency business and the terms of this Section 12.10 .  In the event the Fund terminates this Agreement and later re-engages the Transfer Agent for performance of transfer agency services, the Fund agrees to pay the reasonable administrative costs for recovery of any records that are still in the Transfer Agent’s possession.

 

13.                                  Assignment and Third Party Beneficiaries

 

13.1                Except as provided in Section 14.1 below, neither this Agreement nor any rights or obligations hereunder may be assigned by either party without the written consent of the other party.  Any attempt to do so in violation of this Section shall be void.  Unless specifically stated to the contrary in any written consent to an assignment, no assignment will release or discharge the assignor from any duty or responsibility under this Agreement.

 

13.2                Except as explicitly stated elsewhere in this Agreement, nothing under this Agreement

 

21



 

shall be construed to give any rights or benefits in this Agreement to anyone other than the Transfer Agent and the Fund, and the duties and responsibilities undertaken pursuant to this Agreement shall be for the sole and exclusive benefit of the Transfer Agent and the Fund.  This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the parties and their respective permitted successors and assigns.

 

13.3                This Agreement does not constitute an agreement for a partnership or joint venture between the Transfer Agent and the Fund.  Other than as provided in Section 14.1 and Schedule 1.2(f), neither party shall make any commitments with third parties that are binding on the other party without the other party’s prior written consent.

 

14.                                  Subcontractors

 

14.1                The Transfer Agent may, without further consent on the part of the Funds, subcontract for the performance hereof with an affiliate of the Transfer Agent which is duly registered as a transfer agent pursuant to Section 17A(c)(2) of the 1934 Act or, with regard to print/mail services, to DST Output, Inc., an affiliate of the Transfer Agent; provided, however, that the Transfer Agent shall be fully responsible to the Funds for the acts and omissions of its affiliate as it is for its own acts and omissions.  The foregoing shall not be deemed to apply to any direct contracts between the Fund and any affiliate of the Transfer Agent as to which the Transfer Agent is not a party.  The Transfer Agent may provide the services hereunder from service locations within or outside of the United States.

 

14.2                For purposes of this Agreement, unaffiliated third parties such as, by way of example and not limitation, Airborne Services, Federal Express, United Parcel Service, the U.S. Mails, the NSCC and telecommunication companies, shall not be deemed to be subcontractors of the Transfer Agent.

 

15.                                  Changes and Modifications

 

15.1                During the term of this Agreement the Transfer Agent will use on behalf of the Fund, without additional cost, all modifications, enhancements, or changes which its affiliate DST Systems, Inc. may make to the TA2000 System in the normal course of its business and which are applicable to functions and features offered by the Fund, unless substantially all clients of the Transfer Agent are charged separately for such modifications, enhancements or changes, including, without limitation, substantial system revisions or modifications necessitated by changes in existing laws, rules or regulations.  The Fund agrees to pay the Transfer Agent promptly for modifications and improvements which are charged for separately at the rate provided for in the Transfer Agent’s standard pricing schedule which shall be identical for substantially all clients, if a standard pricing schedule shall exist.  If there is no standard pricing schedule, the parties shall mutually agree upon the rates to be charged.

 

22



 

15.2                      The Transfer Agent shall have the right, at any time and from time to time, to alter and modify any systems, programs, procedures or facilities used or employed in performing its duties and obligations hereunder; provided that the Fund will be notified as promptly as possible prior to implementation of such alterations and modifications and that no such alteration or modification or deletion shall materially adversely change or affect the operations and procedures of the Fund in using or employing the TA2000 System or the Transfer Agent’s facilities hereunder or the reports to be generated by such system and facilities hereunder, unless the Fund is given thirty (30) days prior notice to allow the Fund to change its procedures and unless the Transfer Agent provides the Fund with revised operating procedures and controls.

 

15.3                      All enhancements, improvements, changes, modifications or new features added to the TA2000 System however developed or paid for shall be, and shall remain, the confidential and exclusive property of, and proprietary to, DST Systems, Inc., an affiliate of the Transfer Agent.

 

16.                                  Miscellaneous

 

16.1                Amendment.  This Agreement may be amended or modified by a written agreement executed by both parties and authorized or approved by a resolution of the Board of Trustees or the Board of Directors, as the case may be, of the Fund.

 

16.2                Massachusetts Law to Apply.  This Agreement shall be construed and the provisions thereof interpreted under and in accordance with the laws of The Commonwealth of Massachusetts.

 

16.3                Force Majeure.  In the event either party is unable to perform its obligations under the terms of this Agreement because of acts of God, acts of war or terrorism, strikes, equipment or transmission failure or damage reasonably beyond its control, or other causes reasonably beyond its control, such party shall not be liable for damages to the other for any damages resulting from such failure to perform or otherwise from such causes.

 

16.4                Consequential Damages.  Neither party to this Agreement shall be liable to the other party for special, indirect or consequential damages under any provision of this Agreement or for any special, indirect or consequential damages arising out of any act or failure to act hereunder.

 

16.5                Survival.   All provisions regarding indemnification, warranty, liability, and limits thereon, and confidentiality and/or protections of proprietary rights and trade secrets shall survive the termination of this Agreement.

 

16.6                Severability.   If any provision or provisions of this Agreement shall be held invalid, unlawful, or unenforceable, the validity, legality, and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired.

 

16.7                Priorities Clause.  In the event of any conflict, discrepancy or ambiguity between the

 

23



 

terms and conditions contained in this Agreement and any Schedules or attachments hereto, the terms and conditions contained in this Agreement shall take precedence.

 

16.8                Waiver.  No waiver by either party or any breach or default of any of the covenants or conditions herein contained and performed by the other party shall be construed as a waiver of any succeeding breach of the same or of any other covenant or condition.

 

16.9                Merger of Agreement.  This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the parties hereto and supersedes any prior agreement with respect to the subject matter hereof whether oral or written.

 

16.10                Counterparts.  This Agreement may be executed by the parties hereto on any number of counterparts, and all of said counterparts taken together shall be deemed to constitute one and the same instrument.

 

16.11.             Reproduction of Documents.  This Agreement and all schedules, exhibits, attachments and amendments hereto may be reproduced by any photographic, photostatic, microfilm, micro-card, miniature photographic or other similar process.  The parties hereto each agree that any such reproduction shall be admissible in evidence as the original itself in any judicial or administrative proceeding, whether or not the original is in existence and whether or not such reproduction was made by a party in the regular course of business, and that any enlargement, facsimile or further reproduction shall likewise be admissible in evidence.

 

16.12                Notices.   All notices and other communications as required or permitted hereunder shall be in writing and sent by first class mail, postage prepaid, addressed as follows or to such other address or addresses of which the respective party shall have notified the other.

 

(a)

If to the Transfer Agent, to:

 

 

 

Boston Financial Data Services, Inc.

 

2 Heritage Drive

 

North Quincy, Massachusetts 02171

 

Attention: Legal Department

 

Facsimile: (617) 483-2490

 

 

(b)

If to the Funds, to:

 

 

 

International Value Advisers, LLC

 

645 Madison Avenue, 12 th Floor

 

New York, New York 10022

 

Attention:

 

Facsimile:

 

17.                                  Additional Portfolios/ Funds

 

17.1                Additional Portfolios .  In the event that a Fund establishes one or more series of Shares,

 

24



 

in addition to those listed on the attached Schedule A, with respect to which it desires to have the Transfer Agent render services as transfer agent under the terms hereof, it shall so notify the Transfer Agent in writing, and if the Transfer Agent agrees in writing to provide such services, such series of Shares shall become a Portfolio hereunder by the parties amending the Schedule A to include the additional series.

 

17.2                Additional Funds. In the event that an entity affiliated with the Funds, in addition to those listed on the Schedule A, desires to have the Transfer Agent render services as transfer agent under the terms hereof and the Transfer Agent agrees to provide such services, upon completion of an amended Schedule A signed by all parties to the Agreement, such entity shall become a Fund hereunder and any series thereof shall become a Portfolio hereunder.

 

17.3                Conditions re: Additional Funds/Portfolios .  In the event that the Transfer Agent is to become the transfer agent for new funds or portfolios, the Transfer Agent shall add them to the TA2000 System upon at least thirty (30) days’ prior written notice to the Transfer Agent provided that the requirements of such funds or portfolios are generally consistent with services then being provided by the Transfer Agent under this Agreement, in which case the fees and expenses for such additional funds or portfolios shall be as set forth on Schedule 3.1 for the remainder of the then-current term.  To the extent such funds or portfolios use functions, features or services not set forth in Section 1.1 , Section 1.2   or Schedule 3.1, the rates and charges applicable to such new functions, features or characteristics may be established or increased in accordance with Section 3.3.

 

18.                                  Limitations of Liability of the Trustees and Shareholders

 

In the case where the Fund is a trust, a copy of the trust instrument (if applicable) is on file with the Secretary of the State of the state of its organization, and notice is hereby given that this instrument is executed on behalf of the trustees of the trust as trustees and not individually and that the obligations of this instrument are not binding upon any of the trustees or Shareholders individually but are binding only upon the assets and property of the Fund.

 

25



 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be executed in their names and on their behalf by and through their duly authorized officers, as of the day and year first above written.

 

 

 

EACH OF THE ENTITIES, INDIVIDUALLY

 

AND NOT JOINTLY, AS LISTED ON
SCHEDULE A

 

 

 

 

 

By:

 

 

 

 

 

Name:

 

 

 

 

 

Title:

 

 

As an Authorized Officer on behalf of each of
the Funds indicated on Schedule A

ATTEST:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

BOSTON FINANCIAL DATA SERVICES,
INC.

 

 

 

 

 

By:

 

 

 

 

 

Name:

 

 

 

 

 

Title:

 

 

 

ATTEST:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

26



 

SCHEDULE A

 

Fund

 

Type of Entity

 

Jurisdiction

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

EACH OF THE ENTITIES, INDIVIDUALLY

BOSTON FINANCIAL DATA SERVICES,

AND NOT JOINTLY, AS LISTED ON

INC.

SCHEDULE A

 

 

 

By:

 

 

By:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Name:

 

 

Name:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Title:

 

 

Title:

 

As an Authorized Officer on behalf of each of

 

the Funds indicated on Schedule A

 

 

Schedule A-1



 

SCHEDULE 1.2(f)

AML DELEGATION

Dated:                 , 2008

 

1.                                                                Delegation.

 

Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, the Fund hereby delegates to the Transfer Agent those aspects of the Fund’s AML program (the “AML Program”) that are set forth in Section 4 below (the “Delegated Duties”). The Delegated Duties set forth in Section 4 may be amended, from time to time, by mutual agreement of the Fund and the Transfer Agent upon the execution by such parties of a revised Schedule 1.2(f) bearing a later date than the date hereof.

 

1.2                      The Transfer Agent agrees to perform such Delegated Duties, with respect to the ownership of Shares in the Fund for which the Transfer Agent maintains the applicable shareholder information, subject to and in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Agreement.

 

2.                                        Consent to Examination.   In connection with the performance by the Transfer Agent of the Delegated Duties, the Transfer Agent understands and acknowledges that the Fund remains responsible for assuring compliance with the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001 (“ USA PATRIOT Act”) and that the records the Transfer Agent maintains for the Fund relating to the AML Program may be subject, from time to time, to examination and/or inspection by federal regulators in order that the regulators may evaluate such compliance.  The Transfer Agent hereby consents to such examination and/or inspection and agrees to cooperate with such federal examiners in connection with their review.  For purposes of such examination and/or inspection, the Transfer Agent will use its best efforts to make available, during normal business hours and on reasonable notice all required records and information for review by such examiners.

 

3.                                        Limitation on Delegation.   The Fund acknowledges and agrees that in accepting the delegation hereunder, the Transfer Agent is agreeing to perform only the Delegated Duties, as may be amended from time to time, and is not undertaking and shall not be responsible for any other aspect of the AML Program or for the overall compliance by the Fund with the USA PATRIOT Act or for any other matters that have not been delegated hereunder. Additionally, the parties acknowledge and agree that the Transfer Agent shall only be responsible for performing the Delegated Duties with respect to the ownership of, and transactions in, Shares in the Fund for which the Transfer Agent maintains the applicable Shareholder information.

 

Schedule 1.2(f)-1



 

4.                                        Delegated Duties

 

4.1                      Consistent with the services provided by the Transfer Agent and with respect to the ownership of Shares in the Fund for which the Transfer Agent maintains the applicable Shareholder information, the Transfer Agent shall:

 

(a)           Submit all new account registrations and registration changes through the Office of Foreign Assets Control (“OFAC”) database and such other lists or databases as may be required from time to time by applicable regulatory authorities on a daily basis;

 

(b)          Submit all account registrations through OFAC databases and such other lists or databases as may be required from time to time by applicable regulatory authorities;

 

(c)           Submit special payee information from checks, outgoing wires and systematic withdrawal files through the OFAC database on a daily basis;

 

(d)          Review redemption transactions that occur within thirty (30) days of an account establishment or registration change or banking information change;

 

(e)           Review wires sent pursuant to banking instructions other than those on file with the Transfer Agent;

 

(f)             Review accounts with small balances followed by large purchases;

 

(g)          Review accounts with frequent activity within a specified date range followed by a large redemption;

 

(h)          Review purchase and redemption activity per tax identification number (“TIN”) within the Fund to determine if activity for that TIN exceeded the $100,000 threshold on any given day;

 

(i)              Monitor and track cash equivalents under $10,000 for a rolling twelve-month period; if the threshold is exceeded, file IRS Form 8300 and issue the Shareholder notices as required by the IRS;

 

(j)              Determine when a suspicious activity report (“SAR”) should be filed as required by regulations applicable to mutual funds; prepare and file the SAR; provide the Fund with a copy of the SAR within a reasonable time after filing; and notify the Fund if any further communication is received from the U.S. Department of the Treasury or other law enforcement agencies regarding such filing;

 

(k)           Compare account information to any FinCEN request received by the Fund and provided to the Transfer Agent pursuant to USA PATRIOT Act Sec. 314(a).  Provide the Fund with the necessary information for it to respond to such request within required time frame ;

 

(l)              (i) Verify the identity of any person seeking to open an account with the Fund, (ii) Maintain records of the information used to verify the person’s identity, as required, and (iii) Determine whether the person appears on any lists of known or suspected terrorists or terrorist organizations provided to the Fund by any government agency;

 

Schedule 1.2(f)-2



 

(m)        Conduct due diligence and if required, enhanced due diligence in accordance with 31 C.F.R. 103.176(b) for new and existing correspondent accounts for foreign financial institutions (as defined in 31 C.F.R. 103.175).  The Transfer Agent will perform an assessment of the money laundering risk presented by the account based on a consideration of relevant factors in accordance with applicable law and information provided by the foreign financial institution in a financial institution questionnaire.  If an account is determined to have a medium or above risk-ranking, the Transfer Agent will monitor the account on a monthly basis for unusual activity.  In the situation where due diligence cannot be completed with respect to an account, the Transfer Agent will contact the Fund’s AML Officer for further instruction.

 

(n)          Upon the request by the Fund, conduct due diligence to determine if the Fund is involved with any foreign jurisdiction, institution, class of transactions and a type of account designated, from time to time, by the U.S. Department of Justice in order to identify and take certain “special measures” against such entities as required under Section 311 of the USA PATRIOT Act (31 C.F.R. 103.193).

 

4.2                      In the event that the Transfer Agent detects activity as a result of the foregoing procedures, which necessitates the filing by the Transfer Agent of a SAR, a Form 8300 or other similar report or notice to OFAC, then the Transfer Agent shall also immediately notify the Fund, unless prohibited by applicable law.

 

 

EACH OF THE ENTITIES, INDIVIDUALLY

BOSTON FINANCIAL DATA SERVICES,

AND NOT JOINTLY, AS LISTED ON

INC.

SCHEDULE A

 

 

 

By:

 

 

By:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Name:

 

 

Name:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Title:

 

 

Title:

 

As an Authorized Officer on behalf of each of

 

the Funds indicated on Schedule A

 

 

Schedule 1.2(f)-3



 

SCHEDULE 1.2(i)

OMNIBUS TRANSPARENCY SERVICES

Dated:                     , 2008

 

A.                                    The Funds shall provide the following information to the Transfer Agent:

 

1.                The name and contact information for the Financial Intermediary, with which the Funds have a “shareholder information agreement” (under which the Financial Intermediary agrees to provide, at the Fund’s request, identity and transaction information about shareholders who hold their shares through an account with the Financial Intermediary (an “accountlet”)), that is to receive an information request;

2.                The Funds to be included, along with each Fund’s frequency trading policy, under surveillance for the Financial Intermediary;

3.                The frequency of supplemental data requests from the Transfer Agent;

4.                The duration of supplemental data requests (e.g. 60 days, 90 days); and

5.                The expected turnaround time for a response from the Financial Intermediary to an information request (including requests for supplemental data)

 

B.                                      Upon receipt of the foregoing information, the Funds hereby authorize and instruct the Transfer Agent to perform the following Services:

 

1.                Financial Intermediary Surveillance Schedules.

 

(a)                                   Create a system profile and infrastructure based upon parameters set by the Fund to establish and maintain Financial Intermediary surveillance schedules and communication protocol/links.

(b)                                  Initiate information requests to the Financial Intermediaries.

 

2.                Data Management Monitoring

 

(a)                                   Monitor status of information requests until all supplemental data is received.

(b)                                  If a Financial Intermediary does not respond to a second request from the Transfer Agent, the Transfer Agent shall notify the Fund for the Fund to follow-up with the Financial Intermediary.

 

3.                Customized Reporting for Market Timing Analysis

 

(a)                                   Run information received from the Financial Intermediaries through TA2000 System functionalities (utilizing PowerSelect tables, Short Term Trader and Excessive Trader).

(b)                                  Generate exception reports using parameters provided by the Funds.

 

4.                Daily Exception Analysis of Market Timing Policies for Supplemental Data Provided

 

(a)                                   Review daily short-term trader exceptions, daily excessive trader exceptions, and daily supplemental data reconciliation exceptions.

(b)                                  Analyze Financial Intermediary supplemental data (items), which are identified as “Potential Violations” based on parameters established by the Funds.

(c)                                   Confirm exception trades and if necessary, request additional information regarding Potential Violations.

 

5.                Communication and Resolution of Market Timing Exceptions

 

(a)                                   Communicate results of analysis to the Funds or upon request of the Funds directly to the Financial Intermediary.

 

Schedule 1.2(i)-1



 

(b)                                  Unless otherwise requested by the Funds and as applicable, instruct the Financial Intermediary to (i) restrict trading on the accountlet, (ii) cancel a trade, or (iii) prohibit future purchases or exchanges.

(c)                                   Update AWD Work Object with comments detailing resolution.

(d)                                  Keep a detail record of all data exceptions and inquires with regards to potential violations.

 

6.                Management Reporting

 

(a)                                   Provide periodic reports, in accordance with agreed upon frequency and content parameters, to the Funds.  As reasonable requested by the Funds, the Transfer Agent shall furnish ad hoc reports to the Funds.

 

7.                Support Due Diligence Programs

 

(a)                                   Update system watch list with pertinent information on trade violators.

(b)                                  Maintain a detail audit trail of all accounts that are blocked and reason for doing so.

 

Schedule 1.2(i)-2



 

SCHEDULE 2.1

 

THIRD PARTY ADMINISTRATOR(S) PROCEDURES

 

Dated:                       , 2008

 

1.                                        On each day on which both the New York Stock Exchange and the Fund are open for business (a “Business Day”), the TPA(s) shall receive, on behalf of and as agent of the Fund, Instructions (as hereinafter defined) from the Plan.  Instructions shall mean as to each Fund (i) orders by the Plan for the purchases of Shares, and (ii) requests by the Plan for the redemption of Shares; in each case based on the Plan’s receipt of purchase orders and redemption requests by Participants in proper form by the time required by the term of the Plan, but not later than the time of day at which the net asset value of a Fund is calculated, as described from time to time in that Fund’s prospectus.  Each Business Day on which the TPA receives Instructions shall be a “Trade Date.”

 

2.                                        The TPA(s) shall communicate the TPA(s)’s acceptance of such Instructions, to the applicable Plan.

 

3.                                        On the next succeeding Business Day following the Trade Date on which it accepted Instructions for the purchase and redemption of Shares, (TD+1), the TPA(s) shall notify the Transfer Agent of the net amount of such purchases or redemptions, as the case may be, for each of the Plans.  In the case of net purchases by any Plan, the TPA(s) shall instruct the Trustees of such Plan to transmit the aggregate purchase price for Shares by wire transfer to the Transfer Agent on (TD+1).  In the case of net redemptions by any Plan, the TPA(s) shall instruct the Fund’s custodian to transmit the aggregate redemption proceeds for Shares by wire transfer to the Trustees of such Plan on (TD+1).  The times at which such notification and transmission shall occur on (TD+1) shall be as mutually agreed upon by each Fund, the TPA(s), and the Transfer Agent.

 

4.                                        The TPA(s) shall maintain separate records for each Plan, which record shall reflect Shares purchased and redeemed, including the date and price for all transactions, and Share balances. The TPA(s) shall maintain on behalf of each of the Plans a single master account with the Transfer Agent and such account shall be in the name of that Plan, the TPA(s), or the nominee of either thereof as the record owner of Shares owned by such Plan.

 

5.                                        The TPA(s) shall maintain records of all proceeds of redemptions of Shares and all other distributions not reinvested in Shares.

 

6.                                        The TPA(s) shall prepare, and transmit to each of the Plans, periodic account statements showing the total number of Shares owned by that Plan as of the statement closing date, purchases and redemptions of Shares by the Plan during the period covered by the statement, and the dividends and other distributions paid to the Plan on Shares during the statement period (whether paid in cash or reinvested in Shares).

 

Schedule 2.1-1



 

7.                                        The TPA(s) shall, at the request and expense of each Fund, transmit to the Plans prospectuses, proxy materials, reports, and other information provided by each Fund for delivery to its Shareholders.

 

8.                                        The TPA(s) shall, at the request of each Fund, prepare and transmit to each Fund or any agent designated by it such periodic reports covering Shares of each Plan as each Fund shall reasonably conclude are necessary to enable the Fund to comply with state Blue Sky requirements.

 

9.                                        The TPA(s) shall transmit to the Plans confirmation of purchase orders and redemption requests placed by the Plans; and

 

10.                                  The TPA(s) shall, with respect to Shares, maintain account balance information for the Plan(s) and daily and monthly purchase summaries expressed in Shares and dollar amounts.

 

11.                                  Plan sponsors may request, or the law may require, that prospectuses, proxy materials, periodic reports and other materials relating to each Fund be furnished to Participants in which event the Transfer Agent or each Fund shall mail or cause to be mailed such materials to Participants.  With respect to any such mailing, the TPA(s) shall, at the request of the Transfer Agent or each Fund, provide at the TPA(s)’s expense a complete and accurate set of mailing labels with the name and address of each Participant having an interest through the Plans in Shares.

 

 

EACH OF THE ENTITIES, INDIVIDUALLY

BOSTON FINANCIAL DATA SERVICES,

AND NOT JOINTLY, AS LISTED ON

INC.

SCHEDULE A

 

 

 

By:

 

 

By:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Name:

 

 

Name:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Title:

 

 

Title:

 

As an Authorized Officer on behalf of each of

 

the Funds indicated on Schedule A

 

 

Schedule 2.1-2


Exhibit 99.(i)

 

Exhibit (i)

 

ROPES & GRAY LLP
1211 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS
NEW YORK, NY 10036-8704
WWW.ROPESGRAY.COM

 

September 19, 2008

Robert J. Borzone, Jr.

 

212-596-9017

 

646-728-1866 fax

 

robert.borzone@rupesgray.com

 

IVA Fiduciary Trust

645 Madison Avenue, 12th floor

New York, NY 10022

 

Ladies and Gentlemen:

 

You have informed us that you propose to register under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Act”), and offer and sell from time to time shares of beneficial interest, $0.001 par value, of your IVA Worldwide Fund and IVA International Fund (“Shares”), at not less than net asset value.

 

We have examined an executed copy of your Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust dated                 , 2008 (the “Declaration of Trust”), and are familiar with the actions taken by your trustees to authorize the issue and sale to the public from time to time of authorized and unissued Shares.  We have further examined a copy of your Amended and Restated By-Laws and such other documents and records as we have deemed necessary for the purpose of this opinion.

 

Based on the foregoing, we are of the opinion that:

 

1.  The beneficial interests in the IVA Worldwide Fund and IVA International Fund series are divided into an unlimited number of Shares.

 

2.  The issue and sale of the authorized but unissued Shares has been duly authorized under Massachusetts law.  Upon the original issue and sale of any of such authorized but unissued Shares and upon receipt of the authorized consideration therefor in an amount not less than the applicable net asset value, the Shares so issued and sold will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable by the Trust.

 

The Trust is an entity of the type commonly known as a “Massachusetts business trust.”  Under Massachusetts law, shareholders could, under certain circumstances, be held personally liable for the obligations of the Trust.  However, the Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust disclaims shareholder liability for acts or obligations of the Trust and requires that notice of such disclaimer be given in every note, bond, contract, instrument, certificate or undertaking made or issued on behalf of the Trust.  The Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust provides for

 



 

indemnification out of the property of the particular series of shares for all loss and expense of any shareholder or former shareholder of such series (or his or her heirs, executors, administrators or other legal representatives, or, in the case of a corporation or other entity, its corporate or other general successor) held personally liable solely by reason of his or her being or having been a shareholder.  Thus, the risk of a shareholder incurring financial loss on account of shareholder liability is limited to circumstances in which the series itself would be unable to meet its obligations.

 

We understand that this opinion is to be used in connection with the registration of an indefinite number of Shares for offering and sale pursuant to the Act.  We consent to the filing of this opinion with and as part of your Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File Nos. 333-151800 and 811-22211) relating to such offering and sale.

 

 

 

Very truly yours,

 

 

 

/s/ Ropes & Gray LLP

 

2


Exhibit 99.(j)

 

Exhibit (j)

 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 

To the Shareholder and Board of Trustees of IVA Fiduciary Trust

 

We have audited the accompanying statement of assets and liabilities of IVA Worldwide Fund, a series of IVA Fiduciary Trust (the “Trust”), as of August 20, 2008. This statement of assets and liabilities is the responsibility of the Trust’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on this statement of assets and liabilities based on our audit.

 

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the statement of assets and liabilities is free of material misstatement. We were not engaged to perform an audit of the Trust’s internal control over financial reporting. Our audit included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Trust’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the statement of assets and liabilities, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall statement of assets and liabilities presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

In our opinion, the statement of assets and liabilities referred to above presents fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of IVA Worldwide Fund, a series of IVA Fiduciary Trust at August 20, 2008, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

 

Ernst & Young LLP

 

 

Boston, Massachusetts

September 4, 2008

 

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 

We consent to the reference to our firm under the caption “Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm” in the Statement of Additional Information and to the inclusion of our report dated September 4, 2008 on the statement of assets and liabilities of IVA Worldwide Fund as of August 20, 2008, included in Pre-Effective Amendment Number 1 to the Registration Statement (Form N-1A, 333-151800) of IVA Fiduciary Trust.

 

 

 

/s/ ERNST & YOUNG LLP

 

 

 

Boston, Massachusetts

 

 

September 19, 2008

 

 

 


 

Exhibit 99.(l)

 

Exhibit (l)

 

August 20, 2008

 

IVA Fiduciary Trust

645 Madison Avenue, 12th Floor

New York, NY 10022

 

Re:   Subscription for Shares

 

Ladies and Gentlemen:

 

Charles de Vaulx, in consideration of the formation of IVA Fiduciary Trust (the “Trust”) and its two initial series, IVA Worldwide Fund (the “Fund”) and IVA International Fund, hereby subscribes for 10,000 shares of beneficial interest, par value $0.001 per share, of Class I shares of the Fund (the “Shares”) and agrees to pay $120,000 for the Shares ($12.00 per share).

 

This subscription will be payable and the Shares subscribed for in this letter will be issued prior to the effective date of the registration of the Shares under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Act”).  The payment of this subscription will be in cash and may be made in such increments and in such classes of shares of the Fund as IVA deems appropriate.

 

In connection with your sale to me today of the Shares, I understand that: (i) the Shares have not been registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended; (ii) your sale of the Shares to me is in reliance on the sale’s being exempt under Section 4(2) of the Act as not involving any public offering; and (iii) in part, your reliance on such exemption is predicated on my representation, which I hereby confirm, that I am acquiring the Shares for investment and for my own account as the sole beneficial owner hereof, and not with a view to or in connection with any resale or distribution of any or all of the Shares or of any interest therein or with the current intention to redeem the Shares. I hereby agree that we will not sell, assign or transfer the Shares or any interest therein except upon repurchase or redemption by the Fund unless and until the Shares have been registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or you have received an opinion of your counsel indicating to your satisfaction that such sale, assignment or transfer will not violate the provisions of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or any rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

 

This letter is intended to take effect as an instrument under seal and shall be construed under the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.

 

Please indicate your agreement and acceptance of this subscription by signing below.

 



 

Notice is hereby given that this Agreement is executed on behalf of the Trust by officers of the Trust as officers and not individually and that the obligations of or arising out of this Agreement are not binding upon any of the trustees, officers or shareholders of the Trust individually but are binding only upon the assets and property of the relevant Fund.

 

 

By:

  /s/ Charles de Vaulx

 

 

Name: Charles de Vaulx

 

 

 

 

 

Accepted and Agreed to on August 20, 2008

 

 

 

 

 

IVA FIDUCIARY TRUST

 

on behalf of the IVA Worldwide Fund

 

 

 

 

 

By:

  /s/ Stefanie Hempstead

 

 

Name: Stefanie Hempstead

 

 

Title: Chief Financial Officer

 

 

2


Exhibit 99.(m)

 

Exhibit (m)

 

IVA FIDUCIARY TRUST

 

DISTRIBUTION AND SERVICES (12B-1) PLAN

Class A shares

 

This Plan (the “Plan”) constitutes the Distribution and Services Plan with respect to the Class A shares (the “Class”) of the IVA Worldwide Fund (the “Worldwide Fund”) and the IVA International Fund (the “International Fund”, and together with the Worldwide Fund, the “Funds”) two separate series of IVA Fiduciary Trust, a Massachusetts business trust (the “Trust”), adopted pursuant to the provisions of Rule 12b-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Act”).  During the effective term of this Plan, the Funds may make payments to investment brokers or dealers (including any principal underwriter or distributor (“Distributor”) of the Funds), plan administrators and other persons providing services to the Funds with respect to the Class upon the terms and conditions hereinafter set forth.

 

Section  1.                                          The Funds may make payments to investment brokers or dealers, plan administrators and other persons providing services to the Funds with respect to the Class, including the Distributor, in the form of fees, sales charges, or reimbursements, as compensation for services provided and expenses incurred for purposes of promoting the sale of shares of the Class, reducing redemptions of shares of the Class, maintaining or improving services provided to Class shareholders by investment brokers or dealers, plan administrators and other persons, or for any other purpose permitted under the Act. To the extent any such payments are made to the Distributor, the Distributor may in turn pay all or any portion of such payments to investment brokers or dealers, plan administrators and other persons (including, but not limited to, any affiliate of the Distributor) with respect to the services or activities described in the preceding sentence, and may retain all or any portion of such payments as compensation for the Distributor’s services as principal underwriter of the shares of the Class.  The amount of such payments and the purposes for which they are made shall be determined by the Qualified Trustees (as defined below). Payments under this Plan for Class A shares shall not exceed in any fiscal year the annual rate of 0.25% of the average daily net asset value of the Class.  Subject to the preceding sentence and Section 7 hereof, a majority of the Qualified Trustees may, at any time and from time to time, reduce or increase the amount of such payments covered by this Plan, or may suspend the operation of the Plan for such period or periods of time as they may determine.

 

Section  2.                                          This Plan shall not take effect until it has been approved, together with any related agreements, by votes of a majority (or whatever greater percentage may, from time to time, be required by Section 12(b) of the Act or the rules and regulations thereunder) of both (a) the Trustees of the Trust, and (b) the Qualified Trustees of the Trust, cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on this Plan or such agreement.

 



 

Section  3.                                          This Plan shall continue in effect for a period of more than one year after it takes effect only so long as such continuance is specifically approved at least annually in the manner provided for approval of this Plan in Section 2(b).

 

Section  4.                                          The Trustees shall review, at least quarterly, a written report of the amounts covered by this Plan and the purposes for which such expenditures were made.

 

Section  5.                                          This Plan may be terminated at any time by vote of a majority of the Qualified Trustees, or by vote of a majority of the Class’s outstanding voting securities.

 

Section  6.                                          All agreements with any person relating to implementation of this Plan shall be in writing, and any agreement related to this Plan shall provide:

 

(a)                                        that such agreement may be terminated at any time, without payment of any penalty, by vote of a majority of the Qualified Trustees or by vote of a majority of the Class’s outstanding voting securities, on not more than 60 days’ written notice to any other party to the agreement; and

 

(b)                                       that such agreement shall terminate automatically in the event of its assignment.

 

Section  7.                                          This Plan may not be amended to increase materially the amount of distribution expenses permitted pursuant to Section 1 hereof without the approval of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Class, and all material amendments to this Plan shall be approved in the manner provided for approval of this Plan in Section 2(b).

 

Section  8.                                          As used in this Plan, (a) the term “Qualified Trustees” shall mean those Trustees of the Trust who are not interested persons of the Trust, and have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of this Plan or any agreements related to it, and (b) the terms “assignment”, “interested person” and “vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities” shall have the respective meaning specified in the Act and the rules and regulations thereunder, subject to such exemptions as may be granted by the Securities and Exchange Commission.

 

Section  9.                                          A copy of the Agreement and Declaration of Trust of the Trust is on file with the Secretary of State of The Commonwealth of Massachusetts and notice is hereby given that this instrument is made on behalf of the Trustees of the Trust as Trustees and not individually, and that the obligations of or arising out of this instrument are not binding upon any of the Trustees, officers or shareholders individually but are binding only upon the assets and property of the Funds.

 

ADOPTED :  August 21, 2008

 

2



 

IVA FIDUCIARY TRUST

 

DISTRIBUTION AND SERVICES (12B-1) PLAN

Class C shares

 

This Plan (the “Plan”) constitutes the Distribution and Services Plan with respect to the Class C shares (the “Class”) of the IVA Worldwide Fund (the “Worldwide Fund”) and the IVA International Fund (the “International Fund”, and together with the Worldwide Fund, the “Funds”) two separate series of IVA Fiduciary Trust, a Massachusetts business trust (the “Trust”), adopted pursuant to the provisions of Rule 12b-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Act”).  During the effective term of this Plan, the Funds may make payments to investment brokers or dealers (including any principal underwriter or distributor (“Distributor”) of the Funds), plan administrators and other persons providing services to the Funds with respect to the Class upon the terms and conditions hereinafter set forth.

 

Section  1.                                          The Funds may make payments to investment brokers or dealers, plan administrators and other persons providing services to the Funds with respect to the Class, including the Distributor, in the form of fees, sales charges or reimbursements, as compensation for services provided and expenses incurred for purposes of promoting the sale of shares of the Class, reducing redemptions of shares of the Class, maintaining or improving services provided to Class shareholders by investment brokers or dealers, plan administrators and other persons, or for any other purpose permitted under the Act.  To the extent any such payments are made to the Distributor, the Distributor may in turn pay all or any portion of such payments to investment brokers or dealers, plan administrators and other persons (including, but not limited to, any affiliate of the Distributor) with respect to the services or activities described in the preceding sentence, and may retain all or any portion of such payments as compensation for the Distributor’s services as principal underwriter of the shares of the Class.  The amount of such payments and the purposes for which they are made shall be determined by the Qualified Trustees (as defined below).  Payments under this Plan for Class C shares shall not exceed in any fiscal year the annual rate of 0.75% of the average daily net asset value of the Class for distribution fees and 0.25% of the average daily net asset value of the Class for services fees. Subject to the preceding sentence and Section 7 hereof, a majority of the Qualified Trustees may, at any time and from time to time, reduce or increase the amount of such payments covered by this Plan, or may suspend the operation of the Plan for such period or periods of time as they may determine.

 

Section  2.                                          This Plan shall not take effect until it has been approved, together with any related agreements, by votes of a majority (or whatever greater percentage may, from time to time, be required by Section 12(b) of the Act or the rules and regulations thereunder) of both (a) the Trustees of the Trust, and (b) the Qualified Trustees of the Trust, cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on this Plan or such agreement.

 



 

Section  3.                                          This Plan shall continue in effect for a period of more than one year after it takes effect only so long as such continuance is specifically approved at least annually in the manner provided for approval of this Plan in Section 2(b).

 

Section  4.                                          The Trustees shall review, at least quarterly, a written report of the amounts covered by this Plan and the purposes for which such expenditures were made.

 

Section  5.                                          This Plan may be terminated at any time by vote of a majority of the Qualified Trustees, or by vote of a majority of the Class’s outstanding voting securities.

 

Section  6.                                          All agreements with any person relating to implementation of this Plan shall be in writing, and any agreement related to this Plan shall provide:

 

(a)                                        that such agreement may be terminated at any time, without payment of any penalty, by vote of a majority of the Qualified Trustees or by vote of a majority of the Class’s outstanding voting securities, on not more than 60 days’ written notice to any other party to the agreement; and

 

(b)                                       that such agreement shall terminate automatically in the event of its assignment.

 

Section  7.                                          This Plan may not be amended to increase materially the amount of distribution expenses permitted pursuant to Section 1 hereof without the approval of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Class, and all material amendments to this Plan shall be approved in the manner provided for approval of this Plan in Section 2(b).

 

Section  8.                                          As used in this Plan, (a) the term “Qualified Trustees” shall mean those Trustees of the Trust who are not interested persons of the Trust, and have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of this Plan or any agreements related to it, and (b) the terms “assignment”, “interested person” and “vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities” shall have the respective meaning specified in the Act and the rules and regulations thereunder, subject to such exemptions as may be granted by the Securities and Exchange Commission.

 

Section  9.                                          A copy of the Agreement and Declaration of Trust of the Trust is on file with the Secretary of State of The Commonwealth of Massachusetts and notice is hereby given that this instrument is made on behalf of the Trustees of the Trust as Trustees and not individually, and that the obligations of or arising out of this instrument are not binding upon any of the Trustees, officers or shareholders individually but are binding only upon the assets and property of the Funds.

 

ADOPTED :  August 21, 2008

 

2


Exhibit 99.(n)

 

Exhibit (n)

 

IVA FIDUCIARY TRUST

 

PLAN PURSUANT TO RULE 18F-3(D) UNDER THE

INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940

 

Each of the investment series (each a “Fund” and, together, the “Funds”) comprising IVA Fiduciary T rust, an open-end management investment company (the “Trust”), may from time to time issue one or more of the following classes of shares:  Class A shares, Class C Shares and Class I Shares.  Each class is subject to such investment minimums and other conditions of eligibility as are set forth in the Funds’ registration statements as from time to time in effect.  The differences in expenses among these classes of shares, and the conversion and exchange features of each class of shares, are set forth below in this Plan.  Except as noted below, expenses are allocated among the classes of shares of each Fund based upon the net assets of each Fund attributable to shares of each class.  This Plan is subject to change, to the extent permitted by law and by the Agreement and Declaration of Trust and By-laws of the Trust, by action of the Trustees of the Trust.  Defined terms used and otherwise not defined herein have the meaning ascribed to them in the in the Funds’ registration statements as from time to time in effect.

 

CLASS A SHARES

 

Distribution and Service Fees

 

Class A shares pay distribution fees pursuant to a plan (the “Distribution Plan”) adopted pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”).  Class A shares also bear any costs associated with obtaining Distributor Class shareholder approval of the Distribution Plan (or an amendment to the Distribution Plan).  Pursuant to the Distribution Plan, Distributor Class shares may pay up to 0.25% of the relevant Fund’s average daily net assets attributable to the Class A shares.  Amounts payable under the Distribution Plan are subject to such further limitations as the Trustees may from time to time determine and as set forth in the registration statement of each Fund as from time to time in effect.  In addition, Class A shares may reimburse the Funds’ distributor (the “Distributor”) or other persons for shareholder servicing or sub-transfer agency services, in amounts calculated in a manner approved from time to time by the Board of Trustees, as described in the registration statement of each Fund as from time to time in effect.

 

Conversion Features

 

Class A shares of any Fund may be converted, at the holder’s option, into Class I shares of that Fund (if available), provided that the holder of Class A shares meets applicable eligibility requirements (including investment minimums) for Class I shares as described in the Fund’s registration statement as from time to time in effect.  Any such conversion will occur at the

 



 

respective net asset value (“NAV”) of the two share classes, without the imposition of any sales load, fee, or other charge.  The conversion features of Class A shares are subject to the provisions set forth below in “Availability of Conversion Features.”

 

Exchange Features

 

Class A shares of any Fund may be exchanged, at the holder’s option, for Class A shares of any other Fund that offers Class A shares without the payment of a sales charge provided that the amount being exchanged satisfies the minimum investment required, the Fund is accepting additional investments by such exchanges, and the shareholder is a resident of a state in which shares of the Fund are qualified for sale and qualifies to purchase shares of that Fund.

 

Initial Sales Charge

 

Class A shares are offered at their NAV, plus an initial sales charge of up to 5.00% as described in the Fund’s registration statement as from time to time in effect.

 

Contingent Deferred Sales Charge

 

Class A shares are not subject to any contingent deferred sales charge (“CDSC”).

 

CLASS C SHARES

 

Distribution and Service Fees

 

Class C shares pay distribution and service fees pursuant to a plan (the “Distribution Plan”) adopted pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”).  Class C shares also bear any costs associated with obtaining Class C shareholder approval of the Distribution Plan (or an amendment to the Distribution Plan).  Pursuant to the Distribution Plan, Class C shares may pay up to 1.00% of the relevant Fund’s average daily net assets attributable to the Class C shares.  Amounts payable under the Distribution Plan are subject to such further limitations as the Trustees may from time to time determine and as set forth in the registration statement of each Fund as from time to time in effect.  In addition, Class C shares may reimburse the Funds’ distributor (the “Distributor”) or other persons for shareholder servicing or sub-transfer agency services, in amounts calculated in a manner approved from time to time by the Board of Trustees, as described in the registration statement of each Fund as from time to time in effect.

 

Conversion Features

 

Class C shares of any Fund may be converted, at the holder’s option, into Class I shares of that Fund (if available), provided that the holder of Class C shares meets applicable eligibility

 

2



 

requirements (including investment minimums) for Class I shares as described in the Fund’s registration statement as from time to time in effect.  Any such conversion will occur at the respective net asset value (“NAV”) of the two share classes, without the imposition of any sales load, fee, or other charge.  The conversion features of Class C shares are subject to the provisions set forth below in “Availability of Conversion Features.”

 

Exchange Features

 

Class C shares of any Fund may be exchanged, at the holder’s option, for Class C shares of any other Fund that offers Class C shares without the payment of a sales charge provided that the amount being exchanged satisfies the minimum investment required, the Fund is accepting additional investments by such exchanges, and the shareholder is a resident of a state in which shares of the Fund are qualified for sale and qualifies to purchase shares of that Fund.

 

Initial Sales Charge

 

Class C shares are offered at their NAV, without any sales charge.

 

Contingent Deferred Sales Charge

 

Class C shares normally are subject to a CDSC of 1.00% if the Class C shares are redeemed during the first 12 months after initial purchase.  The Class C CDSC may be waived for certain Qualifying Investors.

 

CLASS I SHARES

 

Distribution and Service Fees

 

Institutional Class shares do not pay distribution or service fees.

 

Conversion Features

 

The Trust reserves the right to convert Class I shares held in a shareholder’s account to Class A or Class C shares of the same Fund to the extent the holder of Class I shares no longer satisfies the eligibility requirements for Class I shares as described in the Fund’s registration statement as from time to time in effect.  Any such conversion will occur at the respective net asset value of the two share classes, without the imposition of any sales load, fee, or other charge.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, a shareholder’s Class I shares will not be converted to Class A or Class C shares without prior notice by the Trust.  The conversion features for Class I shares are subject to the provisions set forth below in “Availability of Conversion Features.”

 

3



 

Exchange Features

 

Class I shares of any Fund may be exchanged, at the holder’s option, for Class I shares of any other Fund that offers Class I shares without the payment of a sales charge provided that the amount being exchanged satisfies the minimum investment required, the Fund is accepting additional investments by such exchanges, and the shareholder is a resident of a state in which shares of the Fund are qualified for sale and qualifies to purchase shares of that Fund.

 

Initial Sales Charge

 

Class I shares are offered at their NAV, without any sales charge.

 

Contingent Deferred Sales Charge

 

Class I shares are not subject to any CDSC.

 

AVAILABILITY OF CONVERSION FEATURES

 

The Trust may, but will not be obligated to, suspend the conversion feature at any time with respect to any shares or class of shares on the basis that such conversion may result in any adverse tax consequences to a Fund or its shareholders.

 

ALLOCATIONS OF INCOME AND EXPENSES

 

(a)  Class A, Class C and Class I shares pay the expenses associated with their different distribution and shareholder servicing arrangements (“Class Expenses”).  Each class of shares may, at the Trustees’ discretion, also pay a different share of other expenses.

 

(b)  The gross income of each Fund generally shall be allocated to each class on the basis of net assets. To the extent practicable, certain expenses (other than Class Expenses as defined above, which shall be allocated more specifically) shall be subtracted from the gross income on the basis of the net assets of each class of each Fund. These expenses include:

 

(1)                                   Expenses incurred by the Trust (including, but not limited to, fees of Trustees, insurance, and legal counsel) not attributable to a particular Fund or to a particular class of shares of a Fund (“Trust Level Expenses”); and

 

(2)                                   Expenses incurred by a Fund not attributable to any particular class of the Fund’s shares (including, but not limited to, advisory fees, custodial fees, or other expenses relating to the management of the Fund’s assets) (“Fund Expenses”).

 

Expenses of a Fund shall be apportioned to each class of shares depending upon the nature of the expense item.  Trust Level Expenses and Fund Expenses shall be allocated among

 

4



 

the classes of shares based on their relative net asset values in relation to the net asset value of the Trust.  Class Expenses shall be allocated to the particular class to which they are attributable.  In addition, certain expenses may be allocated differently if their method of imposition changes.  Thus, if a Class Expense can no longer be attributed to a class, it may be charged to a Fund for allocation among classes, as determined by the Board of Trustees.  Any additional Class Expenses not specifically identified above which are subsequently identified and determined to be properly allocated to one class of shares shall not be so allocated until approved by the Board of Trustees of the Trust in light of the requirements of the 1940 Act and the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”).

 

The Trust reserves the right to utilize any other appropriate method to allocate income and expenses among the classes, including those specified in Rule 18f-3(c)(1), provided that a majority of the Trustees and a majority of the Trustees who are not “interested persons” of the Trust for purposes of Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act (“Independent Trustees”) determine that the method is fair to the shareholders of each class and that the annualized rate of return of each class will generally differ from that of the other classes only by the expense differentials among the classes.

 

DIVIDENDS/DISTRIBUTIONS

 

Each Fund pays out as dividends net investment income and net realized short-term capital gains as described in its registration statement as from time to time in effect.

 

All dividends and/or distributions will be paid in the form of additional shares of the class of shares of the Fund to which the dividends and/or distributions relate, unless the shareholder elects to receive cash.  Dividends paid by each Fund are calculated in the same manner and at the same time with respect to each class.

 

REDEMPTION FEES

 

Each Fund may impose a redemption fee (“Redemption Fee”) on redemptions and/or exchanges of the Fund’s shares.  The Redemption Fee may be charged in an amount of up to 2% of the net asset value of the shares redeemed or exchanged, or such greater amount as may be permitted by applicable law.  The Redemption Fee may be imposed on only certain types of redemptions and exchanges, such as redemptions and exchanges occurring within a certain time period of the acquisition of the relevant shares.  The Trustees are not required to impose the Redemption Fee on all Funds, nor must they impose the Redemption Fee on all share classes of any particular Fund.  Similarly, the Redemption Fee rate may differ from Fund to Fund and, within a Fund, from share class to share class.  In addition, the Trust may waive redemption fees or permit them to be applied in a manner that differs from shareholder to shareholder, including shareholders in the same class and/or Fund.

 

Amounts paid pursuant to the Redemption Fee will be paid to the relevant Fund and, unless otherwise approved by the Trustees, will be allocated among the Fund’s share classes in the same manner as the Fund allocates income.

 

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EFFECTIVENESS OF PLAN

 

This Plan shall not take effect until it has been approved by votes of a majority of both (a) the Trustees of the Trust and (b) the Independent Trustees.

 

MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS

 

This Plan may not be amended to modify materially its terms unless such amendment is approved in the manner provided for initial approval hereof.

 

ADOPTED:   August 21, 2008

 

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Exhibit 99.(p)(1)

 

Exhibit (p)(1)

 

IVA FIDUCIARY TRUST

(the “Trust”)

 

RULE 17J-1 CODE OF ETHICS

 

This Code of Ethics has been adopted by the Board in accordance with Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act.(1)  Terms that are capitalized in this Code of Ethics are defined in Section 1 below.

 

This Code of Ethics is designed to ensure that those individuals with access to information regarding the portfolio securities activities of the Trust do not intentionally use that information for their personal benefit and to the detriment of the Trust.  It is not the intention of this Code of Ethics to prohibit personal securities activities by Access Persons.

 

Separate codes of ethics that comply with Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act or Rule 204A-1 under the Advisers Act, to the extent applicable or appropriate, govern the Service Providers.  This Code of Ethics shall not apply to Access Persons who are subject to a Service Provider’s Code of Ethics that complies with the requirements of Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act and Rule 204A-1 under the Advisers Act.  The Trust’s Chief Compliance Officer will report her transactions under the Adiver’s Code of Ethics.

 

1.              DEFINITIONS

 

(A)           1933 Act is the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

 

(B)            1934 Act is the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

 

(C)            1940 Act is the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.

 

(D)           Access Person includes:

 

(1)            Each trustee and officer of the Trust;

 

(2)            Each employee (if any) of the Trust or the Trust’s investment adviser (or of any company in a Control relationship with the Trust or the Trust’s investment adviser) who, in connection with his or her regular functions or duties, makes, participates in, or obtains information regarding, the purchase or sale of Covered Securities by the Trust, or whose functions relate to the making of any recommendations with respect to such purchases or sales;

 

(3)            Any director, officer or general partner of a principal underwriter to the Trust who, in the ordinary course of business, makes, participates in or

 


(1)

The Trust is registered as an open-end, management investment company with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission under the 1940 Act.

 

1



 

obtains information regarding, the purchase or sale of Covered Securities by the Trust or whose functions or duties in the ordinary course of business relate to the making of any recommendation to the Trust regarding the purchase or sale of Covered Securities; and

 

(4)            Any natural person in a Control relationship to the Trust or the Trust’s investment adviser who obtains information concerning recommendations made to the Trust with regard to the purchase or sale of Covered Securities by the Trust.

 

The Trust’s Chief Compliance Officer shall identify the Trust’s Access Persons and notify such persons of their designation as such.  A list of the Trust’s Access Persons will be maintained by the Trust’s Chief Compliance Officer.

 

(E)            Advisers Act is the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended.

 

(F)            Automatic Investment Plan means a program in which regular periodic purchases (or withdrawals) are made automatically in (or from) investment accounts in accordance with a predetermined schedule or allocation, including a dividend reinvestment plan.

 

(G)            Beneficial Ownership generally means any interest in a security for which an Access Person or any member of his or her immediate family sharing the same household can directly or indirectly receive a monetary (“pecuniary”) benefit.  It shall be interpreted in the same manner as it would be under Rule 16a-1(a)(2) of the 1934 Act, in determining whether a person is the beneficial owner of a security for purposes of Section 16 of the 1934 Act and the rules and regulations thereunder, that, generally speaking, encompasses those situations where the beneficial owner has the right to enjoy a direct or indirect economic benefit from the ownership of the security.  A person is normally regarded as the beneficial owner of securities held in (a) the name of his or her spouse, domestic partner, minor children, or other relatives living in his or her household; (b) a trust, estate, or other account in which he/she has a present or future interest in the income, principal or right to obtain title to the securities; or (c) the name of another person or entity by reason of any contract, understanding, relationship, agreement or other arrangement whereby he or she obtains benefits substantially equivalent to those of ownership.

 

(H)           Board means the Board of Trustees of the Trust.

 

(I)             Chief Compliance Officer means the person or persons designated by the Board to fulfill the responsibilities assigned to the Chief Compliance Officer hereunder.

 

(J)             Control has the same meaning as that set forth in Section 2(a)(9) of the 1940 Act.

 

(K)           Covered Security means any Security, but excluding:

 

(1)            Direct obligations of the U.S. Government;

 

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(2)            Bankers’ acceptances, bank certificates of deposit, commercial paper and high quality short-term debt instruments, including repurchase agreements; and

 

(3)            Shares of open-end investment companies registered under the 1940 Act (other than exchange traded funds) that are not advised by one of the Service Providers.

 

(L)            Fund means a series portfolio of the Trust.

 

(M)          Initial Public Offering or IPO means an offering of securities registered under the 1933 Act, the issuer of which, immediately before the registration, was not subject to the reporting requirements of Sections 13 or 15(d) of the 1934 Act.

 

(N)           Investment Personnel or Investment Person means:

 

(1)            Any employee of the Trust, its investment adviser and the sub-adviser to any Fund (or of any company in a control relationship to the Trust or its investment adviser) who, in connection with his or her regular functions or duties, makes or participates in making recommendations regarding the purchase or sale of securities by the Trust; or

 

(2)            Any natural person who controls the Trust or its investment adviser and who obtains information concerning recommendations made to the Trust regarding the purchase or sale of securities by the Trust.

 

(O)           Limited Offering means an offering or a private placement of securities that is exempt from registration under the 1933 Act pursuant to Section 4(2) or Section 4(6) or pursuant to Rule 504, Rule 505, or Rule 506 under the 1933 Act.

 

(P)            Security means any note, stock, treasury stock, bond, debenture, evidence of indebtedness, certificate of interest or participation in any profit-sharing agreement, collateral-trust certificate, preorganization certificate or subscription, transferable share, investment contract, voting-trust certificate, certificate of deposit for a security, fractional undivided interest in oil, gas or other mineral rights, any put, call, straddle, option, or privilege on any security (including a certificate of deposit) or on any group or index of securities, or any put, call, straddle, option or privilege entered into on a national securities exchange relating to foreign currency, any certificate of interest or participation in, temporary or interim certificate for, receipt for, guaranty of, or warrant or right to subscribe to or purchase any of the foregoing, shares of closed-end investment companies, shares of exchange traded funds (whether registered as open-end investment companies or as unit investment trusts), limited partnership interests, limited liability company interests and shares or debt instruments issued in Limited Offerings, or, in general, any interest or instrument commonly known as a “security.”

 

3



 

(Q)           Security Held or to be Acquired by the Trust means:

 

(1)            Any Covered Security that within the most recent 15 days is or has been held by the Trust or is being considered by the Trust, its investment adviser or the sub-adviser to a Fund for purchase by the Trust; or

 

(2)            Any option to purchase or sell, and any security convertible into or exchangeable for, a Covered Security described in subparagraph (1) of this definition.

 

(R)            Service Provider(s)  means, as appropriate, the Trust’s investment adviser (and such term, when used herein, shall be deemed to include any investment sub-adviser) and principal underwriter.

 

(S)            Trust means IVA Fiduciary Trust.

 

2.              GENERAL PRINCIPLES

 

Rule 17j-1(b) makes it unlawful for any affiliated person of or principal underwriter for the Trust, or any affiliated person of an investment adviser or principal underwriter for the Trust (which includes their officers, directors, employees and associated persons), in connection with the purchase and sale (directly or indirectly) by such person of a Security Held or to be Acquired by the Trust, to:

 

(A)           Employ any device, scheme or artifice to defraud the Trust;

 

(B)            Make any untrue statement of a material fact to the Trust or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements made to the Trust, in light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading;

 

(C)            Engage in any act, practice or course of business which operates or would operate as a fraud or deceit on the Trust; or

 

(D)           Engage in any manipulative practice with respect to the Trust.

 

No Access Person shall engage in any act, practice or course of conduct that would violate the provisions of Rule 17j-1(b) set forth above.  The interests of the Trust and its shareholders are paramount and come before the interests of any Access Person.  Personal investing activities of all Access Persons must be conducted in a manner that avoids actual or potential conflicts of interest with the Trust and its shareholders.  Access Persons shall not use their positions, or any investment opportunities presented by virtue of such positions, to the detriment of the Trust and its shareholders.

 

4



 

3.              SUBSTANTIVE RESTRICTIONS

 

The following substantive restrictions are imposed on personal trading activities:

 

(A)           Investments in Initial Public Offerings and Limited Offerings .  Investment Personnel are generally prohibited from participating in IPOs and Limited Offerings.  However, an Investment Person may participate in an IPO or a Limited Offering if he or she obtains written approval from the Chief Compliance Officer before directly or indirectly acquiring Beneficial Ownership in any securities in an IPO or Limited Offering.  The Chief Compliance Officer may approve the participation of an Investment Person in an IPO or Limited Offering if he or she determines that, in view of the nature of the security, the nature of the offering, the market for such security, and other factors deemed relevant, such participation by the Investment Person will not create a material conflict with the Trust.  A record of any decision to permit investment by an Investment Person in an IPO, including the reasons for the decision, shall be kept in accordance with the requirements of Section 7 below.

 

(B)            Disgorgement .  Any profits derived from securities transactions in violation of paragraph (A) shall be forfeited and paid to the Trust for the benefit of its shareholders.

 

4.              REPORTING REQUIREMENTS

 

To enable the Trust to determine with reasonable assurance whether the provisions of Rule 17j-1(a) and this Code of Ethics are being observed by its Access Persons, the following reporting requirements apply, except as noted in sub-section (D) below.(2)

 

(A)           Initial Holdings Report .  Within 10 days after a person becomes an Access Person, he or she shall disclose in writing, in a form acceptable to the Chief Compliance Officer, all direct or indirect Beneficial Ownership interests of such Access Person in Covered Securities.  Information to be reported must be current as of a date no more than 45 days prior to an individual becoming an Access Person and is to include:

 

(1)            The title, number of shares and principal amount of each Covered Security in which the Access Person had any direct or indirect Beneficial Ownership when the person became an Access Person;

 

(2)            The name of any broker, dealer or bank with whom the Access Person maintained an account in which any securities were held for the direct or indirect benefit of the Access Person as of the date the person became an Access Person; and

 


(2)            Any report required to be submitted pursuant to this Section 4 may contain a statement that the report will not be construed as an admission that the person making the report has any direct or indirect Beneficial Ownership in the securities to which the report relates.

 

5



 

(3)            The date the report is submitted by the Access Person.

 

(B)            Quarterly Transaction Report .  Each Access Person shall report in writing to the Chief Compliance Officer within 30 days of the end of each calendar quarter in a form acceptable to the Chief Compliance Officer:

 

(1)            With respect to any transaction during the quarter in a Covered Security in which the Access Person had any direct or indirect Beneficial Ownership:

 

(i)             The date of the transaction, the title, the interest rate and maturity date (if applicable), the number of shares and the principal amount of each Covered Security involved;

 

(ii)            The nature of the transaction ( i.e., purchase, sale or any other type of acquisition or disposition);

 

(iii)           The price of the Covered Security at which the transaction was effected;

 

(iv)           The name of the broker, dealer or bank with or through which the transaction was effected; and

 

(v)            The date that the report is submitted by the Access Person.

 

(2)            With respect to any account established by the Access Person in which any securities were held during the quarter for the direct or indirect benefit of the Access Person:

 

(i)             The name of the broker, dealer or bank with whom the Access Person established the account;

 

(ii)            The date the account was established; and

 

(iii)           The date that the report is submitted by the Access Person.

 

(C)            Annual Holdings Report .  Each Access Person shall report annually, in a form acceptable to the Chief Compliance Officer, the following information, which must be current as of a date no more than 30 days prior to the date of the report:

 

(1)            The title, number of shares and principal amount of each Covered Security in which the Access Person had any direct or indirect beneficial ownership;

 

(2)            The name of any broker, dealer or bank with whom the Access Person maintains an account in which any securities are held for the direct or indirect benefit of the Access Person; and

 

(3)            The date the report is submitted.

 

6



 

(D)           Exceptions from Reporting Requirements .

 

(1)            An Access Person need not submit reports pursuant to this Section 4 with respect to transactions effected for, and Covered Securities held in, any account over which the person has no direct or indirect influence or control.

 

(2)            An Access Person need not make a Quarterly Transaction Report with respect to transactions effected pursuant to an Automatic Investment Plan.

 

(3)            A trustee of the Trust who is not an “interested person” of the Trust (as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act), and who would be required to make a report solely by reason of being a trustee of the Trust, need not make:

 

(i)             An Initial Holdings Report or an Annual Holdings Report; and

 

(ii)            A Quarterly Transaction Report unless the trustee knew or, in the ordinary course of fulfilling his or her official duties as a trustee of the Trust, should have known that, during the 15-day period immediately preceding or after the trustee’s transaction in a Covered Security, the Trust purchased or sold such Covered Security or the Trust considered purchasing or selling the Covered Security.

 

(4)            An Access Person need not make a Quarterly Transaction Report if the report would duplicate information contained in broker trade confirmations or account statements received by the Trust with respect to the Access Person provided such broker trade confirmations or account statements are received by the due date required for a Quarterly Transaction Report and broker trade confirmations or account statements contain all of the information required to be included in the Quarterly Transaction Report.

 

5.              ENFORCEMENT

 

(A)           If the Chief Compliance Officer (or his or her delegate) determines that a violation of this Code of Ethics may have occurred, before making a final determination that a material violation has been committed by an individual, the Chief Compliance Officer (or his or her delegate) may give such person an opportunity to supply additional information regarding the transaction in question.

 

(B)            If the Chief Compliance Officer (or his or her delegate) determines that a material violation of this Code of Ethics has occurred, he or she shall report the violation to the Board at its next regularly scheduled meeting.  The Chief Compliance Officer, with the exception of any person whose transaction is under consideration, shall take such actions as he or she considers appropriate, in addition to any disgorgement required pursuant to Section 3(B) hereof, including, among other things, a letter

 

7



 

of sanction, suspension, or termination of the employment of the violator.

 

(C)            No person shall participate in a determination of whether he or she has committed a violation of this Code of Ethics or in the imposition of any sanction against himself or herself.  If, for example, a securities transaction of the Chief Compliance Officer (or his or her delegate) is under consideration, the Chief Administrative Officer of the Trust shall act in all respects in the manner prescribed herein for the Chief Compliance Officer.

 

6.              REPORTS TO THE BOARD

 

The Chief Compliance Officer (or his or her delegate) shall provide to the Board no less frequently than annually, and the Board must consider, a written report that, to the extent not previously provided in a written report to the Board:

 

(A)           describes any issues arising under this Code of Ethics since the last report to the Board, including, but not limited to, information about material violations of this Code of Ethics and any sanctions imposed in response to the material violations; and

 

(B)            certifies that the Trust has adopted procedures reasonably necessary to prevent Access Persons from violating this Code of Ethics.

 

7.              RECORDKEEPING

 

The Trust shall maintain the following records at its principal offices as follows:

 

(A)           This Code of Ethics and any related procedures, and any Code of Ethics that has been in effect during the past five years shall be maintained in an easily accessible place;

 

(B)            A record of any violation of this Code of Ethics and of any action taken as a result of the violation, to be maintained in an easily accessible place for at least five years after the end of the fiscal year in which the violation occurs;

 

(C)            A copy of each report under this Code of Ethics by (or duplicate brokerage statements and/or confirmations for the account of) an Access Person, to be maintained for at least five years after the end of the fiscal year in which the report is made or the information is provided, the first two years in an easily accessible place;

 

(D)           A record of all persons, currently or within the past five years, who are or were required to make or to review reports made pursuant to Section 4, to be maintained in an easily accessible place;

 

(E)            A copy of each report by the Chief Compliance Officer to the Board, to be maintained for at least five years after the end of the fiscal year in which it is made, the first two years in an easily accessible place; and

 

8



 

(F)            A record of any decision, and the reasons supporting the decision, to approve an acquisition by an Investment Person of securities offered in an Initial Public Offering or in a Limited Offering, to be maintained for at least five years after the end of the fiscal year in which the approval is granted.

 

8.              APPROVAL REQUIREMENTS

 

This Code of Ethics and any material changes must be approved by the Board.  Before initially retaining any Service Provider, the Board must approve the code of ethics of such Service Provider (unless the Service Provider is not required by Rule 17j-1 to adopt a code of ethics), and must approve any material change to that code of ethics within six months after the adoption of the change.  Each such approval must be based on a determination that the code of ethics in question contains provisions reasonably necessary to prevent Access Persons from engaging in any conduct prohibited by Rule 17j-1.  Before approving this Code of Ethics, a Service Provider’s code of ethics or any amendment thereto, the Board must receive a certification from the relevant entity that it has adopted procedures reasonably necessary to prevent Access Persons from violating the applicable code of ethics.

 

 

Adopted:  August 21, 2008

 

9


Exhibit 99.(p)(2)

 

Exhibit (p)(2)

 

INTERNATIONAL VALUE ADVISERS, LLC

CODE OF ETHICS AND PERSONAL TRADING POLICY

 

In general, IVA personnel should not engage in any activity that conflicts with the interests of the clients they manage.  To help avoid any potential conflicts and ensure compliance with any applicable legal and regulatory requirements, the Code of Ethics sets forth guidelines and restrictions for personal securities trading.  If any individual has any doubt regarding the propriety of any investment — personal or otherwise — he or she should consult with the CCO before taking any action.  Technical compliance with the Code’s procedures will not automatically insulate from scrutiny any trades that indicate an abuse of fiduciary duty.  At all times, IVA personnel shall:

 

·                   Place the interests of Clients first.  Employees shall scrupulously avoid serving their own personal interests ahead of the interests of Clients.  They should not cause any Fund to take action, or not to take action, for their personal benefit rather than the benefit of the Fund.  For example, an employee may violate this Code by taking a limited investment opportunity for himself or herself without first considering whether the investment is appropriate for the Fund.

 

·                   Avoid taking inappropriate advantage of position.  For example, IVA personnel may not use knowledge of a Fund’s portfolio transactions to profit by the market effect of those transactions.

 

·                   Conduct all personal trading in full compliance with this Code of Ethics, including all pre-trade clearance and reporting requirements.  Doubtful situations should be resolved in favor of the Fund in question.

 

In keeping with and in addition to the general fiduciary duties outlined above, IVA has adopted a series of specific policies and procedures.

 

Definition of “Personal Account”

 

For purposes of this Personal Trading Policy, “Personal Accounts” include (1) the account of any director, officer, member, manager or employee of IVA (“Covered Persons”), (2) the account of IVA, and (3) any other account as to which IVA or any Covered Person has a direct or indirect pecuniary interest or exercises direct or indirect control or influence (“Affiliated Accounts”).  Affiliated Accounts include accounts of:

 

·                   a spouse (other than a legally separated or divorced spouse and including domestic partners) of a Covered Person;

 

·                   a minor child or grandchild of a Covered Person;

 

·                   any other family member who resides with a Covered Person or whose account is managed by a Covered Person;

 



 

·                   any entity or other account as to which a Covered Person, or any person specified in clauses 1 through 3 above, has a pecuniary interest or exercises direct or indirect control or influence (such as a trust or estate, a partnership of which the person is a partner, or a corporation in which the person has a pecuniary interest), except that Affiliated Accounts do not include, for this purpose, those of Clients; and

 

·                   any entity from which or account as to which a Covered Person is entitled to receive, directly or indirectly, performance-related compensation, except that Affiliated Accounts do not include, for this purpose, those of Clients.

 

A Covered Person may, by written application to the Compliance Officer, request a waiver from the application of part or all of this Personal Trading Policy to any Personal Account over which such person does not have any direct or indirect influence or control.  The Compliance Officer is under no obligation to grant any such waiver.

 

Also, from time to time, IVA may designate certain of its agents, consultants, or other representatives temporarily as a “Covered Person” for purposes of this Code of Ethics and other IVA policies, if deemed necessary or appropriate in the clients’ best interests.

 

Covered Persons are cautioned that, under the federal securities laws, a wide variety of indirect interests, or accounts over which Covered Persons may exercise direct or indirect control or influence, may constitute an “Personal Account,” and, in case of any doubt or uncertainty, such persons are strongly urged to discuss the applicability of these rules with the Compliance Officer, who may consult with legal counsel.

 

Restrictions on Transactions for Personal Accounts

 

The Partners of the Adviser may not transact in equity and fixed income securities.  All other employees and supervised persons of IVA may transact for their own personal account.  However, transactions are only permitted to be executed on the first day of the quarter.  In addition, all transactions are subject to preapproval by the CCO.  The CCO’s transactions are reviewed by a Partner.  Any transaction may be canceled by the end of the day by the Compliance Officer.  A Personal Securities Trading Request Form, which should be used to request approval, is included at the end of this Code of Ethics.  The Compliance Officer will promptly notify the Covered Person of clearance or denial of clearance to trade by indicating such action on the Personal Securities Trading Request Form and returning it to the Covered Person.  Notification of approval or denial to trade may be given verbally; however, it must be confirmed in writing by indicating such action on the person’s Personal Securities Trading Request Form and returning it to the Covered Person within 24 hours of the verbal notification.  Approval to trade is valid only on the business day that such approval is given.

 

Trading for Personal Accounts is not permitted for the following securities:  (i) securities that are currently held by any Fund; (ii) securities of an issuer that currently has a convertible security outstanding; and (iii) securities that are currently under review or consideration by IVA for

 



 

purchase or sale by a Client.  In addition, personal trading is prohibited in all securities that are convertible, exchangeable, or exercisable into such security.

 

Upon receipt of a Personal Securities Trading Request Form, the Compliance Officer will consult with the trading desk to determine whether the transaction involves any security that is subject to these restrictions and, if it does, will issue a denial.  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, if a Covered Person held these securities at the time this policy was adopted, the Covered Person may continue to hold such securities and may sell them with the prior approval of the Compliance Officer.  Exceptions to the general prohibition on trading in the securities of convertibles issuers may be granted upon the written approval of the Compliance Officer.

 

Trade pre-approval is not required for the following transactions:

 

·                   the purchase and sale of direct obligations of the U.S. Government or government agency securities;

 

·                   the purchase or sale of bankers’ acceptances, bank certificates of deposit, commercial paper or high quality short-term debt instruments, including repurchase agreements;

 

·                   the purchase or redemption of shares issued by money market funds;

 

·                   the purchase or redemption of shares issued by mutual funds (registered open-end investment companies);

 

·                   the purchase or redemption of shares issued by unit investment trusts that are invested exclusively in one or more mutual funds; or

 

·                   any acquisition of securities through stock dividends, dividend re-investments, stock splits, reverse stock splits, mergers, consolidations, spin-offs, or other similar corporate re-organizations or distributions generally applicable to all holders of the same class of securities.

 

Duplicates of all confirmations and monthly statements for each Personal Account must be sent to the attention of the Compliance Officer.  The Compliance Officer or his designee will periodically review confirmations and/or statements and compare them with employees’ approved Personal Securities Trading Request Forms.

 

When any Covered Person recommends that a security be bought or sold for a Client, such person must disclose to the Compliance Officer if a position in that security is currently held in a Personal Account in which such person has a direct or indirect pecuniary interest or exercises direct or indirect control or influence. The Compliance Officer may restrict such person from buying or selling the position for any Personal Account until a specified period of time after

 



 

Clients no longer have a position. Transactions in listed options and other derivatives are considered to be in the underlying security.

 

Holdings Statements

 

Within ten business days of becoming a Covered Person, a Covered Person must submit to the Compliance Officer a written disclosure identifying his or her Personal Accounts and a copy of the most recent statement for each account (dated no more than 45 days before becoming a Covered Person) listing all holdings in the account, and arrange for copies of all future confirmations and account statements to be sent directly to the Compliance Officer.  Covered Persons also must, on an annual basis, disclose in writing all of their Personal Accounts.

 

Covered Persons must report their holdings in brokerage, bank, trust and other custody or trading accounts maintained at a financial institution, as well as relevant holdings held outside such accounts.  The disclosure must be current as of a date no more than 45 days prior to the date the person becomes a Covered Person.  All Personal Accounts in which the Covered Person invests in, trades or holds securities must be identified, and all securities, including options, securities acquired in private placements, and securities issued by unregistered investment funds, must be listed, either on account statements or separately in writing.  The following types of securities holdings need not be reported:

 

·                   direct obligations of the U.S. Government;

 

·                   bankers’ acceptances, bank certificates of deposit, commercial paper and high quality short-term debt instruments, including repurchase agreements;

 

·                   shares issued by money market funds;

 

·                   shares issued by mutual funds (registered open-end investment companies) not managed by IVA or any affiliate; or

 

·                   shares issued by unit investment trusts that are invested exclusively in one or more mutual funds not managed by IVA or any affiliate.

 

Before opening a new account, a Covered Person must have the approval of the Compliance Officer.  The Compliance Officer must receive copies of all confirms, trades, and brokerage statements for personal trading accounts of Covered Persons.

 

Outside Activities

 

It is a violation of an employee’s duty of loyalty to IVA and thus a conflict of interest for any employee, without the prior written consent of the Compliance Officer:

 

(1)                                   to rebate, directly or indirectly, to any person, IVA or corporation, any part of the compensation received as an employee;

 



 

(2)                                   to be engaged in any business other than the employee’s employment with IVA;

 

(3)                                   to own any stock or have, directly or indirectly, any financial interest in any other organization engaged in any securities, financial or related business except with regard to stock ownership or other financial interest in any securities, financial, or related business which is publicly owned, unless a control relationship exists; or

 

(4)                                   directly or indirectly to engage or have an interest in any business which is providing investment advisory or management services or any other services provided by IVA or any of its affiliates. Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing herein shall prevent the undersigned from acting as the investment advisor or manager for the assets of the spouse, children, parents or siblings of the undersigned or trusts or other entities for the primary benefit of such persons.

 

All outside activities conducted by an employee that either (1) involve a substantial time commitment or (2) involve employment, teaching assignments, lectures, publication of articles, or radio or television appearances must be approved beforehand by the Compliance Officer. The Compliance Officer may require full details concerning the outside activity including the number of hours involved and the compensation to be received.  Prior to accepting an officership or directorship in any business, an employee must also obtain approval from the Compliance Officer.  If an employee becomes a director of an issuer, securities of which are owned by one or more Funds, any remuneration paid by the issuer to the employee in respect of his or her service must be paid to the relevant Fund(s) in proportion to the amount of their respective investments in the issuer.

 

Gifts

 

This section describes policies and procedures designed to ensure that IVA employees are not unduly influenced by the receipt of gifts or other inducements and do not attempt to influence current or potential investors, vendors, service providers or other counterparties (including trading counterparties) with gifts or other inducements.  For purposes of this section, the term “gift” includes money, services, travel, entertainment, hospitality and products, including gifts related to national holidays or other similar circumstances.

 

Accepting gifts is improper when it would compromise, or could reasonably be viewed as compromising, an employee’s ability to make objective and fair business decisions that are in the best interests of IVA and its investors.  Similarly, providing gifts may be improper when the gift appears to be an attempt to secure business through improper means or to gain a special advantage in a business relationship.  Finally, an employee that purchases products or services (e.g., office supplies, technology-related products, or brokerage services) for IVA or Clients may not use that position to benefit him or herself.

 



 

Giving Gifts

 

Cash or Cash-Equivalents

 

IVA employees may never give cash or cash equivalents to any current or potential investors, vendors, service providers or other counterparties without the prior written approval of the Compliance Officer.

 

Gifts to Government Officials

 

Providing certain types of gifts or inducements to domestic or foreign government officials can constitute a crime or create the appearance of an improper activity.  Accordingly, IVA employees are prohibited from providing gifts to any government official.

 

Giving of Non-Cash Gifts to Investors

 

Except as described below, no employee or person associated with IVA may offer gifts having an aggregate value of more than $250 per year to any current or potential Investor, or person associated with a current or potential investor (subject to IVA’s absolute prohibition against gifts to government officials).

 

Business Meals

 

IVA employees may host business meals for current or potential investors without counting them toward the $250 annual limit if: (i) the meals have a valid business purpose; (ii) the IVA employee is present; and (iii) the meals are not so frequent or extravagant as to raise any question of impropriety.  Business meals have a valid business purpose when they provide an opportunity to discuss meaningfully IVA business or other legitimate business topics.

 

Entertainment

 

IVA employees may host entertainment events for current and potential investors without counting them toward the $250 annual limit if: (i) they have a valid business purpose; (ii) the IVA employee is present; (iii) they are held at appropriate venues consistent with the highest standards of ethics, integrity, and professional propriety; and (iv) they are not so frequent or extravagant as to raise any question of impropriety.  Entertainment events have a valid business purpose when they provide an opportunity to discuss meaningfully IVA business or other legitimate business topics.

 



 

Travel Expenses

 

IVA employees may provide to current or potential investors reasonable local transportation without counting such transportation toward the $250 annual limit; provided such transportation is in connection with visits to IVA offices or some other valid business purpose, such as to and from business meals and entertainment events.

 



 

To Pension Plans

 

Many state and local governments restrict gratuities to, and entertainment of, representatives of governmental benefit plans.  The rules vary in different jurisdictions; in some instances, the dollar thresholds above which gratuities or entertainment are unlawful may be quite low.  Department of Labor rules applicable to union plans also restrict gratuities to, and entertainment of, representatives of such plans.  In addition, private pension and employee benefit plans may impose similar restrictions.  Accordingly, no gift or entertainment in any amount should be provided to representatives of any pension plan without the prior approval of the Compliance Officer.

 

To Registered Representatives of Broker-Dealers

 

No IVA employee may give gifts in excess of $250 per year to any registered representative of a broker-dealer (without the approval of the Compliance Officer).

 

To Vendors/Service Providers

 

No IVA employee may give gifts in excess of $250 per year to any person at a vendor or service provider (without the approval of the Compliance Officer).

 

Receipt of Gifts

 

Solicitation of Gifts

 

No IVA employee may solicit any gift from a current or potential investor in a Fund (including representatives and agents, such as consultants, of the investor), a vendor, a service provider or any counterparty.

 

Cash or Cash-Equivalents

 

IVA employees may never accept for themselves or for their friends and/or family any cash, cash equivalents (e.g., gift cards or gift certificates), or preferential discounts from current or potential investors, vendors, service providers or other counterparties without the prior written consent of the Compliance Officer.

 

Receipt of Non-Cash Gifts

 

Except as described in this sub-section, employees may receive gifts up to $250 in the aggregate per year from any investor, potential investor, vendor, service provider or other counterparty.  Gifts given to an IVA employee that are of an extraordinary or extravagant nature must be declined or returned in order not to compromise the reputation of the employee or IVA.  If a gift

 



 

is received in violation of these policies, which cannot reasonably be refused or returned, the IVA employee should immediately contact the Compliance Officer for guidance.

 

Nominal Gifts

 

IVA employees may accept without counting them toward the $250 annual limit, non-cash gifts of merely nominal value (i.e., up to $20 in value), which may include usual and customary promotional items, such as calendars, restaurant guides, hats, pens, or other items marked with a company’s logo.  Such non-cash nominal gifts are not required to be reported to the Compliance Officer.

 

Gifts from Issuers

 

IVA research analysts, position managers, and other investment professionals may not accept gifts from issuers whose securities they buy, recommend to Funds, or consider recommending to Funds without a valid business purpose.  Where an investment professional must accept transportation, business meals, entertainment, and/or lodging from an issuer in order to participate in an approved company-sponsored event, IVA must either pay for the investment professional’s share of the expense in advance, or the investment professional must make a good faith effort to obtain an invoice and make arrangements for IVA to pay for his or her proportional share of the expenses, as appropriate.  However, a business meal provided by an issuer to persons attending a “road show,” analyst conference, or similar event will not be considered a gift for purposes of this paragraph if:  (i) attendance at such event is the result of a general invitation given to investors and analysts for purposes of disseminating information, and is not limited to IVA employees; (ii) a representative of the issuer or underwriter is present; and (iii) such meals are not so frequent or extravagant as to raise any question of impropriety.

 

Business Meals

 

IVA employees may accept business meals from current or potential investors, vendors, service providers or counterparties without counting them toward the $250 annual limit if:  (i) the meals have a valid business purpose; (ii) a representative of the investor, potential investor, vendor, service provider or counterparty is present; and (iii) the meals are not so frequent or extravagant as to raise any question of impropriety.  Business meals have a valid business purpose when they provide an opportunity to discuss meaningfully IVA business or other legitimate business topics.

 



 

Entertainment

 

IVA employees may attend entertainment events without counting them toward the $250 annual limit if: (i) they have a valid business purpose; (ii) a representative of the investor, potential investor, client, vendor, service provider or counterparty is present; (iii) they are held at appropriate venues consistent with the highest standards of ethics, integrity, and professional propriety;(1) and (iv) they are not so frequent or extravagant as to raise any question of impropriety.  Entertainment events have a valid business purpose when they provide an opportunity to discuss meaningfully IVA business or other legitimate business topics.

 

Travel Expenses

 

Except as described in this paragraph, no transportation or lodging expenses may be reimbursed or paid for by any entity other than IVA without the prior written approval from the Compliance Officer.  An IVA employee may accept ground transportation if it is: (i) incidental to a business-related event or meeting; and (ii) reasonable under the circumstances.  An IVA employee may not accept air transportation or lodging without the prior written approval of the Compliance Officer.  If circumstances arise under which it would be impractical to refuse such travel or lodging, an IVA employee must make a good-faith effort to obtain an invoice and make arrangements for IVA to pay for his or her proportional share of the expense.

 

Reporting

 

All business meals, entertainment and non-cash gifts other than nominal gifts must be reported within ten (10) business days of receipt to Compliance on the Gift Receipt Form.  A copy of the form is included at the end of this Code.

 

Personal Gifts

 

Notwithstanding the above, non-cash gifts based on a personal relationship (e.g., wedding gifts or gifts for the birth of a child) generally may be given or received without reporting them and without counting them toward any annual limit.  However, such gifts must be given by an individual in his or her personal capacity and must not be so excessive or extravagant that such a gift would raise questions of impropriety and reasonableness under the circumstances.  Any

 


(1) Business entertainment should always be appropriate and consistent with the highest professional standards.  For example, venues that exclude particular classes of people based on their gender or ethnicity are inappropriate on their face.

 



 

personal non-cash gifts that are received by an IVA employee from a current or potential investor, vendor, or service provider and exceed $250 in value must be reported to the Compliance Officer on the Gift Receipt Form.  Further, personal non-cash gifts that are given by an IVA employee to a current or potential investor, vendor, or services provider and exceed $300 must be reported to the Compliance Officer on the Gift Receipt Form.

 

Personal Relationships

 

Business relationships must not be influenced by any considerations other than the best interests of IVA and its investors.  Personal interests may never be part of a decision to choose a particular vendor or service provider.  In order to avoid even the appearance of a conflict of interest, the following rules apply to the purchase of products and services on behalf of IVA or its investors:

 

·                   An employee may not be involved in a decision to purchase or lease products or services from a vendor or service provider where the IVA employee is also an employee, officer, director, or has any other material financial interest in that vendor or service provider.

 

·                   An employee must consult the Compliance Officer before engaging any vendor or service provider to provide goods or services to IVA or its investors where a member of the employee’s family or a personal friend of the employee is an employee, officer, director, or has any other material financial interest in the vendor or service provider.  The Compliance Officer will determine whether a conflict of interest exists such that the employee should re-assign decision-making responsibility to another employee.

 

·                   Where the Compliance Officer has determined that a material conflict of interest exists and has re-assigned decision-making responsibility from an employee, that employee may not attempt to influence any such purchasing decisions.

 

Charitable Contributions

 

Soliciting Charitable Contributions

 

IVA employees may participate in outside charitable, educational, and other non-for-profit organizations in accordance with the relevant provisions of these procedures.  Further, an employee may ask IVA to make a contribution through a written request to the Compliance Officer.

 

Making Charitable Donations

 

Making frequent or large charitable contributions to organizations where senior representatives of current or potential investors have associations may create the appearance of a “pay to play” relationship.  Accordingly, an IVA employee may make appropriate contributions to charitable organizations recommended by representatives of current or potential investors provided the contributions are not so frequent or large as to raise a question of impropriety.

 



 

Statement of Compliance

 

Upon receipt of this Code of Ethics and at least annually thereafter, every Covered Person is required to execute an Employee Acknowledgement Form certifying that he or she has read and understands, has complied with and will continue to comply with, the procedures set forth in this Code of Ethics.  A copy of the form is included at the end of this Manual.

 

Reporting Code Violations

 

Violations of the Code should be reported promptly.  If you become aware of a violation of the Code, you must report the violation to the Compliance Officer.  No adverse action will be taken against an employee solely for reporting in good faith a Code violation.

 

Enforcement

 

Compliance with these policies is an important condition of employment with IVA.  Violations are extremely serious and may result in severe sanctions, which may include reduction of salary, loss of bonus, termination of employment for cause, or for certain violations, criminal sanctions.  Accordingly, these policies will be interpreted broadly and any questions should be directed to the Compliance Officer.  If an employee wishes to request an exception to these policies, he or she must obtain the prior written approval of the Compliance Officer.

 

Responsibility for enforcement of the Code of Ethics will lie with the Compliance Officer.  The Compliance Officer will maintain a file which includes all memoranda referred to in this Code of Ethics and records of Covered Persons’ holdings reports, trade confirmations and monthly brokerage account statements.

 



 

Form 1-Gift Receipt Form

 

·                   All business meals, entertainment and non-cash gifts other than nominal gifts must be reported to the Compliance Officer on this form.

 

·                   Any personal non-cash gifts that are received by an IVA employee from a current or potential investor, vendor, or service provider and exceed $250 in value must be reported.

 

·                   Personal non-cash gifts that are given by an IVA employee to a current or potential investor, vendor, or service provider and exceed $300 must be reported.

 

Name of Employee:

 

 

Date:

 

 

CHECK ONE: 

 

GIFTS/GRATUITY GIVEN o / RECEIVED o

 

Description of Gift or Gratuity

 

Date
Given/
Rec’d

 

Name and Affiliation of
Giver / Recipient

 

Business Purpose
(if applicable)

 

Approximate
Value

 

Supervisory
Approval

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Please refer to the Code of Ethics for guidance regarding what constitutes a gift and what must be reported or contact the Compliance Officer for more information.

 



 

Form 2-Personal Securities Trading Request Form

 

Employee Name:

 

 

Details of Proposed Transaction (circle one):

 

·                   purchase

·                   sell

·                   sell short

·                   cover

 

·                                 indicate name of issuer and ticker symbol

Name:

 

Ticker:

 

·                                 indicate type of security (e.g. note, common stock, preferred stock, etc.)

 

 

 

·                                 indicate quantity of shares, units, etc.

 

 

 

·                                 indicate approximate dollar amount of transaction

$

 

 

 

·                                 indicate for whose account transaction will be made

 

 

 

·                                 indicate name of broker

 

 

 

Date:

 

 

 

Signature:

 

 

 

 

You may execute the proposed transaction on the date listed below only.

 

 

 

Authorized Signature

 

 

Date:

 

 

 



 

Form 3-Quarterly Personal Securities Transactions Report

 

Name of Reporting Person:

 

 

 

Calendar Quarter Ended:

 

 

 

Date Report Due:

 

 

 

Date Report Submitted:

 

 

 

Securities Transactions

 

Date of
Transaction

 

Name of
Issuer
and Title
of
Security

 

No. Of Shares
(if applicable)

 

Principal
Amount,
Maturity Date
and Interest Rate

(if applicable)

 

Type of
Transaction

 

Price

 

Name of Broker,
Dealer or Bank
Effecting
Transaction

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

If you had no reportable transactions during the quarter, please check here.

 

If you do not want this report to be construed as an admission that you have beneficial ownership of one or more securities reported above, please describe below and indicate which securities are at issue.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Securities Accounts

 

If you established an account within the quarter, please provide the following information:

 

Name of Broker, Dealer or
Bank

 

Date Account was Established

 

Name(s) on and Type of
Account

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

If you did not establish a securities account during the quarter, please check here.

 

I certify that I have included on this report all securities transactions and accounts required to be reported pursuant to the Code of Ethics.

 

Signature

 

Date

 



 

Form 4-Initial Holdings Report

 

Name of Reporting Person:

 

 

 

Date Person Became Subject to the Code’s Reporting Requirements:

 

 

 

Information in Report Dated as of:

 

 

 

Date Report Due:

 

 

 

Date Report Submitted:

 

 

 

Securities Holdings (please complete or supply a copy of your securities statements)

 

Name of Issuer and Title of Security

 

No. of Shares (if applicable)

 

Principal Amount,
Maturity Date and
Interest Rate (if
applicable)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

If you have no securities holdings to report, please check here.  o

 

If you do not want this report to be construed as an admission that you have beneficial ownership of one or more securities reported above, please describe below and indicate which securities are at issue.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Securities Accounts

 

Name of Broker, Dealer or
Bank

 

Date Account was Established

 

Name(s) on and Type of
Account

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

If you have no securities accounts to report, please check here.  o

 

I certify that I have included on this report all securities transactions and accounts required to be reported pursuant to the Code of Ethics.

 

Signature

 

 

Date:

 

 



 

Form 5- Annual Holdings Report

 

Name of Reporting Person:

 

 

 

Date Person Became Subject to the Code’s Reporting Requirements:

 

 

 

Information in Report Dated as of:

 

 

 

Date Report Due:

 

 

 

Date Report Submitted:

 

 

 

Calendar Year Ended:  December 31,

 

Securities Holdings (please complete or supply a copy of your securities statements)

 

Name of Issuer and Title of
Security

 

No. of Shares (if
applicable)

 

Principal Amount, Maturity
Date and Interest Rate (if
applicable)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

If you have no securities holdings to report for the year, please check here. o

 

If you do not want this report to be construed as an admission that you have beneficial ownership of one or more securities reported above, please describe below and indicate which securities are at issue.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Securities Accounts

 

Name of Broker, Dealer or Bank

 

Date Account was
Established

 

Name(s) on and Type of
Account

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

If you have no securities accounts to report for the year, please check here.

 

I certify that I have included on this report all securities transactions and accounts required to be reported pursuant to the Code of Ethics.

 

Signature

 

Date

 


Exhibit 99.(p)(3)

 

Exhibit (p)(3)

 

FORESIDE DISTRIBUTORS, LLC

 

CODE OF ETHICS
JANUARY 1, 2008

 

INTRODUCTION

 

This Code of Ethics (the “Code”) has been adopted by each of the broker-dealers listed in Exhibit A (each, a “Company” and collectively, the “Companies”). This Code pertains to the Companies’ distribution services to registered management investment companies or series thereof, as well as those funds for which certain employees of the Companies (or an affiliate thereof) serve as an officer or director of a registered investment company (“Fund Officer”), (each a “Fund” and as set forth on Appendix B(1)). This Code:

 

1.              establishes standards of professional conduct;

 

2.              establishes standards and procedures for the detection and prevention of activities by which persons having knowledge of the investments and investment intentions of a Fund may abuse their fiduciary duties to the Fund; and

 

3.              addresses other types of conflict of interest situations.

 

Definitions of underlined terms are included in Appendix C.

 

Each Company, through its Principal Executive Officer or President, may impose internal sanctions should Access Persons of any Company (as identified on Appendix D) violate these policies or procedures. A registered broker-dealer and its personnel may be subject to various regulatory sanctions, including censure, suspension, fines, expulsion or revocation of registration for violations of securities rules, industry regulations and the firm’s internal policies and procedures. In addition, negative publicity associated with regulatory investigations and private lawsuits can negatively impact and severely damage business reputation.

 

Furthermore, failure to comply with this Code is a very serious matter and may result in internal disciplinary action being taken. Such action can include, among other things, warnings, monetary fines, disgorgement of profits, suspension or termination. In addition to sanctions, violations may result in referral to civil or criminal authorities where appropriate.

 


(1) Each Company is adopting this Code pursuant to Rule 17j-1 with respect to certain funds that it distributes. Adopting and approving a Rule 17j-1 code of ethics with respect to a Fund, as well as the Code’s administration, by a principal underwriter is not required unless:

 

%

the principal underwriter is an affiliated person of the Fund or of the Fund’s adviser, or

 

 

%

an officer, director, or general partner of the principal underwriter serves as an officer, director or general partner of the Fund or of the Fund’s investment adviser.

 

A Fund Officer is permitted to report as an Access Person under this Code with respect to the Funds listed on Appendix B.

 



 

Should Access Persons require additional information about this Code or have ethics- related questions, please contact the Review Officer, as defined under Section 8 below, directly.

 

1.              STANDARDS OF PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT

 

Each Company forbids any Access Person from engaging in any conduct that is contrary to this Code. In addition, due to their positions, each Company also forbids any Access Person from engaging in any conduct that is contrary to each Company’s Insider Trading Policy. Furthermore, certain persons subject to the Code are also subject to other restrictions or requirements that affect their ability to open securities accounts, effect securities transactions, report securities transactions, maintain information and documents in a confidential manner and other matters relating to the proper discharge of their obligations to the Company or to a Fund.

 

Each Company has always held itself and its employees to the highest ethical standards. Although this Code is only one manifestation of those standards, compliance with its provisions is essential. Each Company adheres to the following standards of professional conduct, as well as those specific policies and procedures discussed throughout this Code:

 

(a)            Fiduciary Duties . Each Company and its Access Persons are fiduciaries and shall

 

·       act solely for the benefit of the Funds; and

·       place each Fund’s interests above their own

 

(b)            Compliance with Laws . Access Persons shall maintain knowledge of and comply with all applicable federal and state securities laws, rules and regulations, and shall not knowingly participate or assist in any violation of such laws, rules or regulations.

 

It is unlawful for Access Persons to use any information concerning a security held or to be acquired by a Fund, or their ability to influence any investment decisions, for personal gain or in a manner detrimental to the interests of a Fund.

 

Access Persons shall not, directly or indirectly in connection with the purchase or sale of a security held or to be acquired by a Fund:

 

(i)             employ any device, scheme or artifice to defraud a Fund or engage in any manipulative practice with respect to a Fund;

(ii)            make to a Fund any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state to a Fund a material fact necessary in order to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading;

(iii)           engage in any act, practice, or course of business that operates or would operate as a fraud or deceit upon a Fund; or

(iv)           engage in any manipulative practice with respect to securities, including price manipulation.

 

(c)            Corporate Culture . Access Persons, through their words and actions, shall act with integrity, encourage honest and ethical conduct, and adhere to a high standard of business ethics.

 

2



 

(d)            Professional Misconduct . Access Persons shall not engage in any professional conduct involving dishonesty, fraud, deceit, or misrepresentation or commit any act that reflects adversely on their honesty, trustworthiness, or professional competence. Access Persons shall not knowingly misrepresent, or cause others to misrepresent, facts about a Company to a Fund, a Fund’s shareholders, regulators or any member of the public. Disclosure in reports and documents should be fair and accurate.

 

(e)            Disclosure of Conflicts . As a fiduciary, each Company has an affirmative duty of care, loyalty, honesty and good faith to act in the best interests of a Fund. Compliance with this duty can be achieved by trying to avoid conflicts of interest and by fully disclosing all material facts concerning any conflict that does arise with respect to any Fund. Access Persons must try to avoid situations that have even the appearance of conflict or impropriety.

 

Access Persons shall support an environment that fosters the ethical resolution of, and appropriate disclosure of, conflicts of interest.

 

This Code prohibits inappropriate favoritism of one Fund over another that would constitute a breach of fiduciary duty. Access Persons shall comply with any prohibitions on activities imposed by a Company if a conflict of interest exists.

 

(f)             Undue Influence . Access Persons shall not cause or attempt to cause any Fund to purchase, sell or hold any security in a manner calculated to create any personal benefit to them.

 

(g)            Confidentiality and Protection of Material Nonpublic Information . Information concerning the identity of portfolio holdings and financial circumstances of a Fund is confidential. Access Persons are responsible for safeguarding nonpublic information about portfolio recommendations and fund holdings. Except as required in the normal course of carrying out their business responsibilities and as permitted by the Funds’ policies and procedures, Access Persons shall not reveal information relating to the investment intentions or activities of any Fund, or securities that are being considered for purchase or sale on behalf of any Fund.

 

Each Company shall be bound by a Fund’s policies and procedures with regard to disclosure of an investment company’s identity, affairs and portfolio holdings. The obligation to safeguard such Fund information would not preclude Access Persons from providing necessary information to, for example, persons providing services to a Company or a Fund’s account such as brokers, accountants, custodians and fund transfer agents, or in other circumstances when the Fund consents, as long as such disclosure conforms to the Fund’s portfolio holdings disclosure policies and procedures.

 

In any case, Access Persons shall not:

 

·               trade based upon confidential, proprietary information where Fund trades are likely to be pending or imminent; or

·               use knowledge of portfolio transactions of a Fund for personal benefit or the personal benefit of others

 

3



 

(h)            Personal Securities Transactions . All personal securities transactions shall be conducted in such a manner as to be consistent with this Code and to avoid any actual or potential conflict of interest or any abuse of any Access Person’s position of trust and responsibility.

 

(i)             Gifts . Access Persons shall not accept or provide anything in excess of $100.00 (per individual per year) or any other preferential treatment, in each case as a gift, to or from any broker-dealer or other entity with which a Company or a Fund does business;

 

(j)             Service on Boards . Access Persons shall not serve on the boards of directors of publicly traded companies, absent prior authorization based upon a determination by the Review Officer (or if the Review Officer, by the Principal Executive Officer or President of the Company) that the board service would be consistent with the interests of the Company, a Fund and its shareholders.

 

(k)            Prohibition Against Market Timing . Access Persons shall not engage in market timing of shares of Reportable Funds (a list of which are provided in Appendix E). For purposes of this section, a person’s trades shall be considered ‘market timing’ if made in violation of any stated policy in the Fund’s prospectus.

 

2.              WHO IS COVERED BY THIS CODE

 

All Access Persons, in each case only with respect to those Funds as listed on Appendix B, shall abide by this Code. Access Persons are required to comply with specific reporting requirements as set forth in Sections 3 and 4 of this Code.

 

3.              PROHIBITED TRANSACTIONS

 

(a)            Blackout Period . Access Persons shall not purchase or sell a Reportable Security in an account in their name, or in the name of others in which they hold a beneficial ownership interest, if they had actual knowledge at the time of the transaction that, during the 24 hour period immediately preceding or following the transaction, the security was purchased or sold or was considered for purchase or sale by a Fund.

 

(b)            Requirement for Pre-clearance . Access Persons must obtain prior written approval from the designated Review Officer before:

 

(i)             directly or indirectly acquiring beneficial ownership in securities in an initial public offering for which no public market in the same or similar securities of the issue has previously existed; and

(ii)            directly or indirectly acquiring beneficial ownership in securities in a private placement.

 

In determining whether to pre-clear the transaction, the Review Officer designated under Section 8 shall consider, among other factors, whether such opportunity is being offered to the Access Person by virtue of their position with the Fund.

 

4



 

(c)            Fund Officer Prohibition . No Fund Officer shall directly or indirectly seek to obtain information (other than that necessary to accomplish the functions of the office) from any Fund portfolio manager regarding (i) the status of any pending securities transaction for a Fund or (ii) the merits of any securities transaction contemplated by the Fund Officer.

 

4.              REPORTING REQUIREMENTS OF ACCESS PERSONS

 

(a)            Reporting . Access Persons must report the information described in this Section with respect to transactions in any Reportable Security in which they have, or by reason of such transaction acquire, any direct or indirect beneficial ownership . They must submit the appropriate reports to the designated Review Officer or his or her designee, unless they are otherwise required by a Fund, pursuant to a Code of Ethics adopted by the Fund, to report to the Fund or another entity.

 

(b)            Exceptions from Reporting Requirement of Section 4 . Access Persons need not submit:

 

(i)             any report with respect to securities held in accounts over which the Access Person had no direct or indirect influence or control;

(ii)            a quarterly transaction report with respect to transactions effected pursuant to an automatic investment plan. However, any transaction that overrides the pre-set schedule or allocations of the automatic investment plan must be included in a quarterly transaction report;

(iii)           a quarterly transaction report if the report would duplicate information contained in broker trade confirmations or account statements that the Company holds in its records so long as the Company receives the confirmations or statements no later than 30 days after the end of the applicable calendar quarter.

 

(c)            Initial Holding Reports . No later than ten (10) days after a person becomes an Access Person, the person must report the following information:

 

(i)             the title, type of security, and as applicable the exchange ticker symbol or CUSIP number, number of shares and principal amount of each Reportable Security (whether or not publicly traded) in which the person has any direct or indirect beneficial ownership as of the date they became an Access Person;

(ii)            the name of any broker, dealer or bank with whom the person maintains an account in which any securities were held for the Access Person’s direct or indirect benefit as of the date they became an Access Person; and

(iii)           the date that the report is submitted by the Access Person.

 

The information must be current as of a date no more than 45 days prior to the date the person becomes an Access Person.

 

(d)            Quarterly Transaction Reports . No later than thirty (30) days after the end of a calendar quarter, each Access Person must submit a quarterly transaction report which report must cover, at a minimum, all transactions during the quarter in a Reportable Security (whether or not publicly traded) in which the Access Person had any direct or indirect beneficial ownership, and provide the following information:

 

5



 

(i)             the date of the transaction, the title, and as applicable the exchange ticker symbol or CUSIP number, the interest rate and maturity date (if applicable), the number of shares and the principal amount of each Reportable Security involved;

(ii)            the nature of the transaction (i.e., purchase, sale or any other type of acquisition or disposition);

(iii)           the price of the Reportable Security at which the transaction was effected;

(iv)           the name of the broker, dealer or bank with or through which the transaction was effected; and

(v)            the date that the report is submitted.

 

(e)            New Account Opening; Quarterly New Account Report . Each Access Person shall provide written notice to the Review Officer prior to opening any new account with any entity through which a Reportable Securities (whether or not publicly traded) transaction may be effected for which the Access Person has direct or indirect beneficial ownership.

 

In addition, no later than thirty (30) days after the end of a calendar quarter, each Access Person must submit a quarterly new account report with respect to any account established by such a person in which any Reportable Securities (whether or not publicly traded) were held during the quarter for the direct or indirect benefit of the Access Person. The Quarterly New Account Report shall cover, at a minimum, all accounts at a broker-dealer, bank or other institution opened during the quarter and provide the following information:

 

(1)            the name of the broker, dealer or bank with whom the Access Person has established the account;

 

(2)            the date the account was established; and

 

(3)            the date that the report is submitted by the Access Person.

 

(f)             Annual Holdings Reports . Annually, each Access Person must report the following information (which information must be current as of a date no more than forty-five (45) days before the report is submitted):

 

(i)             the title, type of security, and as applicable the exchange ticker symbol or CUSIP number, number of shares and principal amount of each Reportable Security (whether or not publicly traded) in which the Access Person had any direct or indirect beneficial ownership;

(ii)            the name of any broker, dealer or bank with whom the Access Person maintained an account in which any securities are held for the Access Person’s direct or indirect benefit; and

(iii)           the date that the report is submitted by the Access Person.

 

(g)            Alternative Reporting . The submission to the Review Officer of duplicate broker trade confirmations and statements on all securities transactions required to be reported under this Section shall satisfy the reporting requirements of Section 4. The annual holdings report may be satisfied by confirming annually, in writing, the accuracy of the information delivered by, or on behalf of, the Access Person to the Review Officer and recording the date of the confirmation.

 

6



 

(h)            Report Qualification . Any report may contain a statement that the report shall not be construed as an admission by the person making the report that he or she has any direct or indirect beneficial ownership in the Reportable Securities to which the report relates.

 

(i)             Providing Access to Account Information . Covered Persons will promptly:

 

(i)             provide full access to a Fund, its agents and attorneys to any and all records and documents which a Fund considers relevant to any securities transactions or other matters subject to the Code;

(ii)            cooperate with a Fund, or its agents and attorneys, in investigating any securities transactions or other matter subject to the Code;

(iii)           provide a Fund, its agents and attorneys with an explanation (in writing if requested) of the facts and circumstances surrounding any securities transaction or other matter subject to the Code; and

(iv)           promptly notify the Review Officer or such other individual as a Fund may direct, in writing, from time to time, of any incident of noncompliance with the Code by anyone subject to this Code.

 

(j)             Confidentiality of Reports . Transaction and holding reports will be maintained in confidence, expect to the extent necessary to implement and enforce the provisions of this Code or to comply with requests for information from government agencies.

 

5.              ACKNOWLEDGEMENT AND CERTIFICATION OF COMPLIANCE

 

Each Access Person is required to acknowledge in writing, initially and annually (in the form of Attachment A), that the person has received, read and understands the Code (and in the case of any amendments thereto, shall similarly acknowledge such amendment) and recognizes that they are subject to the Code. Further, each such person is required to certify annually that they have:

 

·       read, understood and complied with all the requirements of the Code;

·       disclosed or reported all personal securities transactions pursuant to the requirements of the Code; and

·       not engaged in any prohibited conduct.

 

If a person is unable to make the above representations, they shall report any violations of this Code to the Review Officer.

 

6.              REPORTING VIOLATIONS

 

Access Persons shall report any violations of this Code promptly to the Review Officer, unless the violations implicate the Review Officer, in which case the individual shall report to the Principal Executive Officer or President of the Company, as appropriate. Such reports will be confidential, to the extent permitted by law, and investigated promptly and appropriately. Retaliation against an individual who reports a violation is prohibited and constitutes a further violation of this Code.

 

7



 

Reported violations of the Code will be investigated and appropriate actions will be taken. Types of reporting that are required include, but are not limited to:

 

·       Noncompliance with applicable laws, rules and regulations

·       Fraud or illegal acts involving any aspect of the firm’s business

·       Material misstatements in regulatory filings, internal books and records, Fund records or reports

·       Activity that is harmful to a Fund, including Fund shareholders

·       Deviations from required controls and procedures that safeguard a Fund or a Company

 

Access Persons should seek advice from the Review Officer with respect to any action or transaction that may violate this Code and refrain from any action or transaction that might lead to the appearance of a violation. Access Persons should report apparent or suspected violations in addition to actual or known violations of this Code.

 

7.              TRAINING

 

Training with respect to the Code will occur periodically and all Access Persons are required to attend any training sessions or read any applicable materials. Training may include, among other things (1) periodic orientation or training sessions with new and existing personnel to remind them of their obligations under the Code and/or (2) certifications that Access Persons have read and understood the Code, and require re-certification that the person has re-read, understands and has complied with the Code.

 

8.              REVIEW OFFICER

 

(a)            Duties of Review Officer . The Chief Compliance Officer of the Company has been appointed by the President of the Company as the Review Officer to:

 

(i)             review all securities transaction and holdings reports and shall maintain the names of persons responsible for reviewing these reports;

(ii)            identify all persons subject to this Code and promptly inform each person of the requirements of this Code and provide them with a copy of the Code and any amendments;

(iii)           compare, on a quarterly basis, all Reportable Securities transactions with each Fund’s completed portfolio transactions to determine whether a Code violation may have occurred;

(iv)           maintain signed acknowledgments and certifications by each person who is then subject to this Code, in the form of Attachment A;

(v)            identify persons who are Access Persons of each Company and inform those persons of their requirements to obtain prior written approval from the Review Officer prior to directly or indirectly acquiring beneficial ownership of a security in any private placement or initial public offering.

(vi)           ensure that Access Persons receive adequate training on the principles and procedures of this Code.

 

8



 

(vii)          review, at least annually, the adequacy of this Code and the effectiveness of its implementation

(viii)         submit a written report to a Fund’s Board and the Company’s senior management as described in Section 8(e) and (f), respectively.

 

The President or Principal Executive Officer shall review the Review Officer’s personal transactions; the Review Officer shall review the Compliance Manager’s personal transactions. The President or Principal Executive Officer shall assume the responsibilities of the Review Officer in his or her absence. The Review Officer may delegate responsibilities to the Compliance Manager.

 

(b)            Potential Trade Conflict . When there appears to be a Reportable Securities transaction that conflicts with the Code, the Review Officer shall request a written explanation of from the Access Person with regard to the transaction. If, after post-trade review, it is determined that there has been a violation of the Code, a report will be made by the Review Officer with a recommendation of appropriate action to the President or Principal Executive Officer of the Company and a Fund’s Board of Trustees (or Directors).

 

(c)            Required Records . The Review Officer shall maintain and cause to be maintained:

 

(i)             a copy of any code of ethics adopted by each Company that is in effect, or at any time within the past five (5) years was in effect, in an easily accessible place;

(ii)            a record of any violation of any code of ethics, and of any action taken as a result of such violation, in an easily accessible place for at least five (5) years after the end of the fiscal year in which the last entry was made on any such report, the first two (2) years in an easily accessible place;

(iii)           a copy of each holding and transaction report (including duplicate confirmations and statements) made by anyone subject to this Code as required by Section 4 for at least five (5) years after the end of the fiscal year in which the report is made, the first two (2) years in an easily accessible place;

(iv)           a record of all written acknowledgements and certifications by each Access Person who is currently, or within the past five (5) years was, an Access Person (records must be kept for 5 years after individual ceases to be a Access Person under the Code);

(v)            a list of all persons who are currently, or within the past five years were, required to make reports or who were responsible for reviewing these reports pursuant to any code of ethics adopted by each Company, in an easily accessible place;

(vi)           a copy of each written report and certification required pursuant to Section 8(e) of this Code for at least five (5) years after the end of the fiscal year in which it is made, the first two (2) years in an easily accessible place;

(vii)          a record of any decision, and the reasons supporting the decision, approving the acquisition of securities by Access Persons under Section 3(b) of this Code, for at least five (5) years after the end of the fiscal year in which the approval is granted; and

 

9



 

(viii)         a record of any decision, and the reasons supporting the decision, granting an Access Person a waiver from, or exception to, the Code for at least five (5) years after the end of the fiscal year in which the waiver is granted.

 

(d)            Post-Trade Review Process . Following receipt of trade confirms and statements, transactions will be screened by the Review Officer (or her designee) for the following:

 

(i)             same day trades : transactions by Access Persons occurring on the same day as the purchase or sale of the same security by a Fund for which they are an Access Person.

(ii)            fraudulent conduct : transaction by Access Persons which, within the most recent 15 days, is or has been held by a Fund or is being or has been considered by a Fund for purchase by a Fund.

(iii)           market timing of Reportable Funds : transactions by Access Persons that appear to be market timing of Reportable Funds

(iv)           other activities : transactions which may give the appearance that an Access Person has executed transactions not in accordance with this Code or otherwise reflect patterns of abuse.

 

(e)            Submission to Fund Board .

 

(i)             The Review Officer shall, at a minimum, annually prepare a written report to the Board of Trustees (or Directors) of a Fund listed in Appendix B that

 

A.             describes any issues under this Code or its procedures since the last report to the Trustees, including, but not limited to, information about material violations of the code or procedures and sanctions imposed in response to the material violations; and

 

B.             certifies that each Company has adopted procedures reasonably necessary to prevent Covered Persons from violating this Code.

 

(ii)            The Review Officer shall ensure that this Code and any material amendments are approved by the Board of Trustees (or Directors) for those funds listed in Appendix B.

 

(f)             Report to the President or Principal Executive Officer . The Review Officer shall report to the President or Principal Executive Officer of regarding his or her annual review of the Code and shall bring material violations to the attention of senior management.

 

10



 

FORESIDE DISTRIBUTORS, LLC

CODE OF ETHICS


APPENDIX A

 

The following broker/dealers are subject to the Foreside Distributors, LLC Code of Ethics*:

 

Foreside Distribution Services, L.P.

BNY Hamilton Distributor, LLC

Funds Distributor, LLC

Performance Funds Distributor, LLC

 


* The companies listed on this Appendix A may be amended from time to time, as required.

 

11



 

FORESIDE DISTRIBUTORS, LLC

CODE OF ETHICS

 

APPENDIX B

FUNDS COVERED BY THE CODE

 

American Independence Funds

Bjurman, Barry Funds BNY Hamilton Funds

BNY/Ivy Multi-Strategy Hedge Fund LLC

Capital One Funds

Commonwealth International Series Trust

Coventry Group (consisting of the First Source Monogram, Pathmaster, UST Boston, and Signal)

Coventry Funds Trust (formerly Variable Insurance Funds)

First Focus Funds

GMO Trust

HSBC Investor Funds

HSBC Advisers Funds

Ivy Long/Short Hedge Fund LLC

Lou Holland Trust

Munder Series Trust

Munder Series Trust II

Pacific Capital (including CATS and Hawaiian Trust)

Paypal (x.com)

Performance Funds

PNC Funds

RMR Series Trust

STI Classic Funds

STI Classic Variable Insurance Funds

The 3800 Fund

The Blue Fund Group

Vintage Mutual Funds

 

12



 

FORESIDE DISTRIBUTORS, LLC

CODE OF ETHICS

 

APPENDIX C

DEFINITIONS

 

(a)            Access Person :

 

(i)(1) of a Company means each director or officer of the Companies who in the ordinary course of business makes, participates in or obtains information regarding the purchase or sale of Reportable Securities for a Fund or whose functions or duties as part of the ordinary course of business relate to the making of any recommendation to a Fund regarding the purchase or sale of Reportable Securities.

 

(ii)(2) of a Fund, whereby an employee or agent of a Company serves as an officer of a Fund (“ Fund Officer ”). Such Fund Officer is an Access Person of a Fund and is permitted to report under this Code unless otherwise required by a Fund’s Code of Ethics.

 

(iii)(3) of a Company includes anyone else specifically designated by the Review Officer.

 

(b)            Beneficial Owner shall have the meaning as that set forth in Rule 16a-1(a)(2) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, except that the determination of direct or indirect beneficial ownership shall apply to all Reportable Securities that a Covered Person owns or acquires. A beneficial owner of a security is any person who, directly or indirectly, through any contract, arrangement, understanding, relationship or otherwise, has or shares a direct or indirect pecuniary interest (the opportunity, directly or indirectly, to profit or share in any profit derived from a transaction in the subject securities) in a security. A Covered Person is presumed to be a beneficial owner of securities that are held by his or her immediate family members sharing the Covered Person’s household.

 

(c)            Indirect pecuniary interest in a security includes securities held by a person’s immediate family sharing the same household. Immediate family means any child, stepchild, grandchild, parent, stepparent, grandparent, spouse, sibling, mother-in-law, father-in-law, son-in-law, daughter-in-law, brother-in-law, or sister-in-law (including adoptive relationships).

 

(d)            Control means the power to exercise a controlling influence over the management or policies of an entity, unless this power is solely the result of an official position with the company. Ownership of 25% or more of a company’s outstanding voting securities is presumed to give the holder thereof control over the company. This presumption may be rebutted by the Review Officer based upon the facts and circumstances of a given situation.

 

(e)            Purchase or sale includes, among other things, the writing of an option to purchase or sell a Reportable Security.

 

13



 

(f)             Reportable Fund (see Appendix E) means any fund that triggers the Company’s compliance with a Rule 17j-1 Code of Ethics or any fund for which an employee or agent of the Company serves as a Fund Officer.

 

(g)            Reportable Security means any security such as a stock, bond, future, investment contract or any other instrument that is considered a ‘security’ under Section 2(a)(36) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, except:

 

(i)             direct obligations of the Government of the United States;

 

(ii)            bankers’ acceptances and bank certificates of deposits;

 

(iii)           commercial paper and debt instruments with a maturity at issuance of less than 366 days and that are rated in one of the two highest rating categories by a nationally recognized statistical rating organization;

 

(iv)           repurchase agreements covering any of the foregoing;

 

(v)            shares issued by money market mutual funds;

 

(vi)           shares of SEC registered open-end investment companies ( other than a Reportable Fund ); and

 

(vii)          shares of unit investment trusts that are invested exclusively in one or more open- end funds, none of which are Reportable Funds.

 

Included in the definition of Reportable Security are:

 

·               Options on securities, on indexes, and on currencies;

·               All kinds of limited partnerships;

·               Foreign unit trusts, UCITs, SICAVs and foreign mutual funds; and

·               Private investment funds, hedge funds and investment clubs

 

(h)            Security held or to be acquired by the Fund means

 

(i)             any Reportable Security which, within the most recent 15 days (x) is or has been held by the applicable Fund or (y) is being or has been considered by the applicable Fund or its investment adviser for purchase by the applicable Fund; and

 

(ii)            and any option to purchase or sell, and any security convertible into or exchangeable for, a Reportable Security.

 

14



 

FORESIDE DISTRIBUTORS, LLC

CODE OF ETHICS

 

APPENDIX D

List of Access Persons

 

Rule 17j-1 Access
Persons

 

As of Date

 

Code of Ethics Access
Person to Listed Fund

 

Reportable Fund

Andrew Byer

 

January1, 2008

 

Commonwealth
International Series Trust

 

Commonwealth
International Series Trust

Linda Carley

 

January 1, 2008

 

Capital One Funds

 

Capital One Funds

Wayne Rose

 

January 1, 2008

 

BNY Hamilton Funds

 

BNY Hamilton Funds, LLC

 

15



 

FORESIDE DISTRIBUTORS, LLC

CODE OF ETHICS

 

APPENDIX E

REPORTABLE FUNDS

 

American Independence Funds

Bjurman, Barry Funds

BNY Hamilton Funds

BNY/Ivy Multi-Strategy Hedge Fund LLC

Capital One Funds

Commonwealth International Series Trust

Coventry Group (consisting of the First Source Monogram, Pathmaster, UST Boston, and Signal)

Coventry Funds Trust (formerly Variable Insurance Funds)

First Focus Funds

GMO Trust

HSBC Investor Funds HSBC Advisers Funds

Ivy Long/Short Hedge Fund LLC

Lou Holland Trust

Munder Series Trust

Munder Series Trust II

Pacific Capital (including CATS and Hawaiian Trust)

Paypal (x.com)

Performance Funds

PNC Funds

RMR Series Trust

STI Classic Funds

STI Classic Variable Insurance Funds

The 3800 Fund

The Blue Fund Group

Vintage Mutual Funds

 

16



 

FORESIDE DISTRIBUTORS, LLC

CODE OF ETHICS

(2008)

 

ATTACHMENT A

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

 

I understand that I am subject to the Code of Ethics (the “Code”) adopted by each Company. I have read and I understand the current Code of Ethics, and will comply with it in all respects. In addition, I certify that I have complied with the requirements of the Code in that I have disclosed or reported all personal securities transactions required to be disclosed or reported pursuant to the requirements of the Code.

 

 

 

 

 

Signature

 

Date

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Printed Name

 

 

 

 

This form must be completed and returned to the Compliance Department:

 

 

Foreside Distributors, LLC

 

ATTN: Review Officer

 

100 Summer Street, Suite 1500

 

Boston, MA 02110

 

 

Received By:

 

 

 

Date:

 

 

 

17


Exhibit 99.(q)

 

Exhibit (q)

 

POWER OF ATTORNEY

 

I, the undersigned Trustee or officer of IVA Fiduciary Trust, hereby severally constitute and appoint each of Michael W. Malafronte, Stefanie Hempstead and Shanda Scibilia, and each of them singly, with full powers of substitution and resubstitution, my true and lawful attorney, with full power to him to sign for me, and in my name and in the capacity indicated below, any and all amendments (including pre- and post-effective amendments) to the Registration Statement of IVA Fiduciary Trust on Form N-1A and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorney full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite or necessary to be done in the premises, as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorney lawfully could do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

 

Name:

 

Capacity:

 

Date:

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Manu Bammi

 

Trustee

 

August 21, 2008

Manu Bammi

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Michael W. Malafronte

 

Trustee and President

 

August 21, 2008

Michael W. Malafronte

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Adele R. Wailand

 

Trustee

 

August 21, 2008

Adele R. Wailand

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Stefanie Hempstead

 

Chief Financial Officer

 

August 21, 2008

Stefanie Hempstead

 

and Treasurer