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As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 18, 2008

 

Registration Statement No.

 

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

 WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

 

FORM S-1

 

REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

 

PRECISION OPTICS CORPORATION, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Massachusetts

 

3845

 

04-2795294

(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation
or organization)

 

(Primary Standard Industrial Classification Code Number)

 

(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)

 

 

 

Richard Forkey

Precision Optics Corporation, Inc.

 

Precision Optics Corporation, Inc.

22 East Broadway

 

22 East Broadway

Gardner, Massachusetts 01440

 

Gardner, Massachusetts 01440

  (978) 630-1800

 

(978) 630-1800

(Address, including zip code, and telephone number,

 

(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number,

including area code, of registrant’s principal executive

 

including area code, of agent for service)

offices)

 

 

 

Copies of communications to:

Amy M. Trombly, Esq.

1320 Centre Street, Suite 202

Newton, MA 02459

Phone (617) 243-0060

Fax (617) 243-0066

 

Approximate date of proposed sale to the public: From time to time after this registration statement becomes effective.

 

If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933 check the following box: x

 

If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. o

 

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. o

 

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. o

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

Large accelerated filer o

 

Accelerated filer o

Non-accelerated filer o (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

 

Smaller reporting company x

 

CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Title of Each Class of
Securities to be
Registered

 

Amount to be
Registered (1)

 

Proposed Maximum
Offering Price
Per Unit (2)

 

Proposed Maximum
 Aggregate
Offering Price

 

Amount of
Registration
Fee

 

Common Stock, par value $0.01, to be sold by existing stockholders

 

1,074,621

 

$

0.25

 

$

268,655.25

 

$

10.56

 

(1)           Pursuant to Rule 416(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this registration statement shall be deemed to cover additional securities that may be offered or issued to prevent dilution resulting from stock splits, stock dividends or similar transactions.

 

(2)           The price of $0.25 per share, which was the average of the high and low prices of the registrant’s common stock, as reported on the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board on December 16, 2008, is set forth solely for purposes of calculating the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457(c) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

 

The registrant hereby amends this registration statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this registration statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until the registration statement shall become effective on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.

 

 

 



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The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is declared effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities, and we are not soliciting offers to buy these securities, in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.

 

PROSPECTUS

 

GRAPHIC

 

PRECISION OPTICS CORPORATION, INC.

OFFERING UP TO 1,074,621 COMMON SHARES

 

This prospectus relates to the sale or other disposition of up to 1,074,621 shares of our common stock by selling stockholders. We are not selling any securities in this offering and therefore will not receive any proceeds from this offering. We may receive proceeds from the possible future exercise of warrants. All costs associated with this registration will be borne by us. Our common stock is traded on the Over-The-Counter Bulletin Board under the trading symbol “PEYE.OB.” On December 16, 2008, the last reported sale price of our common stock on the Over-The-Counter Bulletin Board was $0.25 per share.

 


 

THIS INVESTMENT INVOLVES A HIGH DEGREE OF RISK. YOU SHOULD PURCHASE

SECURITIES ONLY IF YOU CAN AFFORD A COMPLETE LOSS.

 

SEE “RISK FACTORS” BEGINNING ON PAGE 2.

 


 

You should rely only on the information provided in this prospectus or any supplement to this prospectus and information incorporated by reference. We have not authorized anyone else to provide you with different information. Neither the delivery of this prospectus nor any distribution of the shares of common stock pursuant to this prospectus shall, under any circumstances, create any implication that there has been no change in our affairs since the date of this prospectus.

 

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 

Subject to completion, the date of this prospectus is December 18, 2008.

 



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TABLE OF CONTE NTS

 

 

 

Page

 

 

 

Prospectus Summary

 

1

Risk Factors

 

2

Use of Proceeds

 

7

Selling Security Holders

 

7

Plan of Distribution

 

8

Description of Securities Being Registered

 

10

Interests of Named Experts and Counsel

 

10

Information About the Company

 

11

Description of Business

 

11

Description of Property

 

15

Legal Proceedings

 

15

Market Price of and Dividends on Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters

 

16

Financial Statements

 

17

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 

46

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

 

53

Directors,  Executive Officers, Promoters and Control Persons

 

53

Executive Compensation

 

54

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management

 

58

Transactions with Related Persons, Promoters and Certain Control Persons, Director Independence

 

60

Disclosure of Commission Position on Indemnification for Securities Act Liabilities

 

60

 

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PRECISION OPTICS CORPORATION, INC.

 

PROSPECTUS SUMMARY

 

The following information is a summary of the prospectus and it does not contain all of the information you should consider before making an investment decision. You should read the entire prospectus carefully, including the financial statements and the notes relating to the financial statements.

 

ABOUT US

 

We incorporated in Massachusetts in December 1982 and have been publicly-owned since November 1990.  References to our Company contained in this prospectus include our two wholly-owned subsidiaries, Precise Medical, Inc. and Wood’s Precision Optics Corporation, Limited, except where the context otherwise requires. Our fiscal year end is June 30.  Our principal executive offices are located at 22 East Broadway, Gardner, Massachusetts 01440-3338. Our telephone number is (978) 630-1800.  Our website is www.poci.com. Information contained on our website does not constitute part of this prospectus.

 

We have been a developer and manufacturer of advanced optical instruments since 1982.  We design and produce high-quality medical instruments, optical thin film coatings, micro-optics with characteristic dimensions less than 1 millimeter, or mm, and other advanced optical systems. Our medical instrumentation line includes laparoscopes, arthroscopes and endocouplers and a line of world-class 3-D endoscopes for use in minimally invasive surgical procedures. We are registered to the ISO 9001:2000, ISO 13485:2003, and Canadian Medical Devices Conformity Assessment System, or CMDCAS, Quality Standards, and comply with the FDA Good Manufacturing Practices and the European Union Medical Device Directive for CE marking of our medical products.

 

THE OFFERING

 

Common stock outstanding as of December 15, 2008

 

1,018,411 shares

 

 

 

Common stock to be registered

 

1,074,621 shares – includes 480,000 shares underlying convertible promissory notes, 96,000 shares underlying potential interest due on the notes and 498,621 shares underlying warrants.

 

 

 

Use of proceeds

 

We will not receive any proceeds from the sale or other disposition of common stock by the selling stockholders. We may receive proceeds from the exercise of warrants. We intend to use the proceeds from the exercise of warrants, if any, for working capital purposes.

 

 

 

Stock symbol

 

PEYE.OB

 

THE TRANSACTION

 

On June 25, 2008, we entered into a Purchase Agreement with institutional and other accredited investors pursuant to which we sold a total of $600,000 of 10% Senior Secured Convertible Notes, referred to as the “Notes,” that are convertible into a total of 480,000 shares of our common stock at a conversion rate of $1.25.  We also issued warrants to purchase a total of 316,800 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $1.75 per share, referred to as the “Warrants.” Interest accrues on the Notes at a rate of 10% per year and is payable upon the earlier of conversion or maturity of the Notes. Interest accrued under the Notes is also convertible into shares of our common stock at a conversion rate of $1.25. The Notes mature on June 25, 2010 and the Warrants expire on June 25, 2015, subject to extension.

 

Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, the Notes and Warrants were not convertible or exercisable until we implemented a 1 for 6 reverse stock split, which required the approval of our stockholders.  On November 25, 2008, we entered into a Side Letter Agreement in which the investors agreed to change the ratio of the reverse split from 1 for 6 to 1 for 25.  On December 11, 2008, we effected a 1 for 25 reverse split of our common stock.

 

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Pursuant to a Registration Rights Agreement entered into with the investors on June 25, 2008, we agreed to file a registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission by the earlier of (i) two   days following the effectiveness of the amendment to implement a reverse stock split and (ii) December 15, 2008, to register the resale of the common stock issuable upon the conversion of the Notes and the exercise of the Warrants, plus the common stock issuable for interest on the Notes.

 

USE OF PROCEEDS

 

We will not receive any proceeds from the sale or other disposition by selling stockholders of our common stock.  We may receive proceeds from the exercise of warrants.  We intend to use the proceeds from the exercise of warrants, if any, for working capital.

 

MARKET FOR THE SECURITIES

 

Our common stock is traded on the Over-The-Counter Bulletin Board, or OTCBB, under the symbol “PEYE.OB.”

 

RISK FACTORS

 

Risks Related to Our Business

 

An investment in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the following risk factors and other information included in this prospectus. If any of the following risks actually occur, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be materially and adversely affected and you may lose some or all of your investment.

 

Our independent auditors have issued a going concern opinion and, if we do not generate enough cash from operations to sustain our business, we may have to liquidate assets or curtail our operations.

 

The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming we will continue as a going concern.  During the years ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, we incurred net losses of $1,623,354 and $2,889,829, respectively.  Our auditors have issued a going concern qualification in their opinion related to our financial statements for the period ended June 30, 2008.  This opinion is based on our history of operating losses, negative cash flows from operations, and our cash position as of June 30, 2008.

 

Conditions exist which raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.  Our ability to continue as a going concern depends on our ability to generate sufficient cash flows to meet our obligations on a timely basis, to obtain additional financing as may be required, and ultimately to attain profitable operations.  However, we may not be able to obtain additional financing or achieve profitable operations or sufficient cash flows in the future.

 

Our existing and future debt obligations could impair our liquidity and financial condition.

 

As of September 30, 2008, we had outstanding notes payable of $600,000 and we may incur additional debt in the future to fund all or part of our capital requirements.  Effective June 25, 2008, we completed a financing in which we issued 10% Senior Secured Convertible Notes and Warrants.  Our outstanding debt and future debt obligations could impair our liquidity and could:

 

·                   make it more difficult for us to satisfy our other obligations;

·                   require us to dedicate a substantial portion of any cash flow we may generate to payments on our debt obligations, which would reduce the availability of our cash flow to fund working capital, capital expenditures and other corporate requirements;

·                   impede us from obtaining additional financing in the future for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions and general corporate purposes; and

·                   make us more vulnerable in the event of a downturn in our business prospects and limit our flexibility to plan for, or react to, changes in our industry.

 

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If we were to fail in the future to make any required payment under agreements governing indebtedness, or equity issues, or fail to comply with the financial and operating covenants contained in those agreements, we would be in default in regards to that financing transaction.  A debt default could significantly diminish the market value and marketability of our common stock.  Our lenders would have the ability to require that we immediately pay all outstanding indebtedness, and we might not have sufficient assets to satisfy their demands.  In this event, we may be forced to seek protection under bankruptcy laws, which could harm our future operations and overall financial condition.

 

We rely on a small number of customers who may not consistently purchase our products in the future and if we lose any one of these customers, our revenues may decline.

 

In the fiscal year ended June 30, 2008, our three largest customers represented approximately 25%, 20% and 11%, respectively, of our total revenues. In the fiscal year ended June 30, 2007, our three largest customers represented approximately 27%, 22% and 10%, respectively, of our total revenues. No other customer accounted for more than 10% of our revenues during those periods. At June 30, 2008, receivables from our three largest customers were 27%, 25% and 17%, respectively, of the total accounts receivable.

 

In the future, a small number of customers may continue to represent a significant portion of our total revenues in any given period. These customers may not consistently purchase our products at a particular rate over any subsequent period.  A loss of any of these customers could adversely affect our revenues.

 

We rely heavily upon the talents of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Scientific Officer, the loss of whom could severely damage our business.

 

Our performance depends to a large extent on a small number of key scientific, technical, managerial and marketing personnel. In particular, we believe our success is highly dependent upon the services and reputation of our Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Richard E. Forkey. Loss of Mr. Forkey’s services could severely damage our business.

 

Additionally, Dr. Joseph N. Forkey, our Executive Vice President and Chief Scientific Officer, provides highly valuable contributions to our capabilities in optical instrument development, in management of new technology and in potentially significant longer-term initiatives in biophysics and biomedical instrumentation. The loss of Dr. Forkey’s management and scientific contributions could severely damage our business.

 

We must continue to be able to attract employees with the scientific and technical skills that our business requires and if we are unable to attract and retain such individuals, our business could be severely damaged.

 

Our ability to attract employees with a high degree of scientific and technical talent is crucial to the success of our business. There is intense competition for the services of such persons, and we cannot guarantee that we will be able to attract and retain individuals possessing the necessary qualifications.  If we cannot attract such individuals, we may not be able to produce our products and our business could be damaged.

 

We are subject to a high degree of regulatory oversight and, if we do not continue to receive the necessary regulatory approvals, our revenues may decline.

 

The FDA has allowed us to market the medical products we currently sell in the United States. However, prior FDA approval may be required before we can market additional medical products that we may develop in the future. We may also seek to sell current or future medical products in a manner that requires us to obtain FDA permission to market such products. We may also require the regulatory approval or license of other federal, state or local agencies or comparable agencies in other countries.

 

We may not continue to receive the FDA’s permission to market our current products or may not obtain the necessary regulatory permission, approvals or licenses for the marketing of any of our future products. Also, we

 

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cannot predict the impact on our business of FDA regulations or determinations arising from future legislation or administrative action.  If we lose the FDA’s permission to market our current products or we do not obtain regulatory permission to market our future products, our revenues may decline and our business may be harmed.

 

We face risks inherent in product development and production under fixed price purchase orders and these purchase orders may not be profitable over time.

 

A portion of our business has been devoted to research, development and production under fixed price purchase orders. For our purposes, a fixed price purchase order is any purchase order under which we will provide products or services for a fixed price over an extended period of time, usually six months or longer.  Fixed price purchase orders represented approximately 25% to 50% of our total revenues during the last several years. We expect that revenues from fixed price purchase orders will continue to represent a significant portion of our total revenues in future fiscal years.

 

Because they involve performance over time, we cannot predict with certainty the expenses involved in meeting our obligations under fixed price purchase orders. Therefore, we can never be sure at the time we enter into any single fixed price purchase order that such purchase order will be profitable for us.

 

Third parties may infringe on our patents and as a result, we could incur significant expense in protecting our patents or not have sufficient resources to protect them.

 

We hold a number of patents that are important to our business. Although we are not currently aware of any past or present infringements of our patents, we plan to protect these patents from infringement and obtain additional patents whenever feasible. To this end, we have obtained confidentiality agreements from our employees and consultants and others who have access to the design of our products and other proprietary information. Protecting and obtaining patents, however, is both time consuming and expensive. We therefore may not have the resources necessary to assert all potential patent infringement claims or pursue all patents that might be available to us. If our competitors or other third parties infringe on our patents, our business may be harmed.

 

Third parties may claim that we have infringed on their patents and as a result, we could be prohibited from using all or part of any technology used in our products.

 

Should third parties claim a proprietary right to all or part of any technology that we use in our products, such a claim, regardless of its merit, could involve us in costly litigation. If successful, such a claim could also result in us being unable to freely use the technology that was the subject of the claim, or sell products embodying such technology. If we engage in litigation, our expenses may increase and our business may be harmed.  If we are prohibited from using a particular technology in our products, our revenues may decline and our business may be harmed.

 

We depend on the availability of certain key supplies and services that are available from only a few sources and if we experience difficulty with a supplier, we may have difficulty finding alternative sources of supply.

 

We require certain key supplies for our products, particularly precision grade optical glass, that are available from only a few sources, each of which is located outside the United States. Also, outside vendors grind and polish certain of our lenses and other optical components, such as prisms and windows. Based upon our ordering experience to date, we believe the materials and services required for the production of our products are currently available in sufficient quantities. Our requirements are small relative to the total supply, and we are not currently encountering problems with availability. However, this does not mean that we will continue to have timely access to adequate supplies of essential materials and services in the future or that supplies of these materials and services will be available on satisfactory terms when the need arises. Our business could be severely damaged if we become unable to procure essential materials and services in adequate quantities and at acceptable prices.

 

From time to time, subcontractors may produce certain of our products for us, and our business is subject to the risk that these subcontractors fail to make timely delivery. Our products and services are also from time to time used as components of the products and services of other manufacturers. We are therefore subject to the risk that manufacturers that integrate our products or services into their own products or services are unable to acquire

 

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essential supplies and services from third parties in a timely fashion. If this occurs, we may not be able to deliver our products on a timely basis and our revenues may decline.

 

Our customers may claim that the products we sold them were defective and if our insurance is not sufficient to cover a claim, we would be liable for the excess.

 

Like any manufacturer, we are and always have been exposed to liability claims resulting from the use of our products. We maintain product liability insurance to cover us in the event of liability claims, and as of December 15, 2008, no such claims have been asserted or threatened against us. However, our insurance may not be sufficient to cover all possible future product liabilities.

 

We would be liable if our business operations harmed the environment and a failure to maintain compliance with environmental laws could severely damage our business.

 

Our operations are subject to a variety of federal, state and local laws and regulations relating to the protection of the environment.  From time to time, we use hazardous materials in our operations. Although we believe that we are in compliance with all applicable environmental laws and regulations, our business could be severely damaged by any failure to maintain such compliance.

 

Our quarterly financial results vary quarter to quarter which may adversely affect our stock price. As a result, we cannot predict with a high degree of certainty our operating results in any particular fiscal quarter.

 

Our quarterly operating results may vary significantly depending upon factors such as:

 

·             the timing of completion of significant orders;

·             the timing and amount of our research and development expenditures;

·             the costs of initial product production in connection with new products;

·             the timing of new product introductions – both by us and by our competitors;

·             the timing and level of market acceptance of new products or enhanced versions of our existing products;

·             our ability to retain existing customers and customers’ continued demand for our products and services;

·             our customers’ inventory levels, and levels of demand for our customers’ products and services; and

·             competitive pricing pressures.

 

We may not be able to grow or sustain revenues or achieve or maintain profitability on a quarterly or annual basis and levels of revenue and/or profitability may vary from one such period to another.

 

We have a number of large, well-financed competitors who have research and marketing capabilities that are superior to ours.

 

The industries in which we compete are highly competitive. Many of our existing and potential competitors have greater financial resources and manufacturing capabilities, more established and larger marketing and sales organizations and larger technical staffs than we have. Other companies, some with greater experience in the telecommunications, optics, semiconductor or medical products industries, are seeking to produce products and services that compete with our products and services.

 

Risks Related to Our Stock

 

Trading in our common stock is limited and the price of our common stock may be subject to substantial volatility.

 

Our common stock was delisted from the NASDAQ Capital Market at the opening of business on December 27, 2005, and is now traded on the Over-The-Counter Bulletin Board, or OTCBB, under the ticker symbol “PEYE.OB,” where we expect our common stock to remain for the near future. Broker-dealers often decline to trade in OTCBB

 

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stocks given the market for such securities is often limited, the stocks are more volatile and the risk to investors is greater. These factors may reduce the potential market for our common stock by reducing the number of potential investors. This may make it more difficult for investors in our common stock to sell shares to third parties or to otherwise dispose of their shares. This could cause our stock price to decline.

 

Additionally, the price of our common stock may be volatile as a result of a number of factors, including, but not limited to, the following:

 

·                   our ability to successfully conceive and to develop new products and services to enhance the performance characteristics and methods of manufacture of existing products;

·                   our ability to retain existing customers and customers’ continued demand for our products and services;

·                   the timing of our research and development expenditures and of new product introductions;

·                   the timing and level of acceptance of new products or enhanced versions of our existing products; and

·                   price and volume fluctuations in the stock market at large which do not relate to our operating performance.

 

“Penny stock” rules may make buying or selling our securities difficult which may make our stock less liquid and make it harder for investors to buy and sell our securities.

 

Trading in our securities is subject to the SEC’s “penny stock” rules and it is anticipated that trading in our securities will continue to be subject to the penny stock rules for the foreseeable future.  The SEC has adopted regulations that generally define a penny stock to be any equity security that has a market price of less than $5.00 per share, subject to certain exceptions. These rules require that any broker-dealer who recommends our securities to persons other than prior customers and accredited investors must, prior to the sale, make a special written suitability determination for the purchaser and receive the purchaser’s written agreement to execute the transaction.  Unless an exception is available, the regulations require the delivery, prior to any transaction involving a penny stock, of a disclosure schedule explaining the penny stock market and the risks associated with trading in the penny stock market.  In addition, broker-dealers must disclose commissions payable to both the broker-dealer and the registered representative and current quotations for the securities they offer.  The additional burdens imposed upon broker-dealers by these requirements may discourage broker-dealers from recommending transactions in our securities, which could severely limit the liquidity of our securities and consequently adversely affect the market price for our securities.

 

We are contractually obligated to issue shares in the future, diluting your interest in us.

 

As of December 15, 2008, there were approximately 93,178 shares of our common stock issuable upon exercise of stock options outstanding, at a weighted average exercise price of $16.17 per share. An additional 135,898 shares of our common stock are reserved for issuance under our 2006 Equity Incentive Plan as of December 15, 2008. Also outstanding as of December 15, 2008 are warrants for the issuance of an additional 898,621 shares of our common stock, at a weighted average exercise price of $4.18 per share.  The foregoing information gives effect to a 1 for 25 reverse stock split effective December 11, 2008.  Moreover, we expect to issue additional shares and options to purchase shares of our common stock to compensate employees, consultants and directors, and we may issue additional shares to raise capital. Any such issuances will have the effect of further diluting the interest of the holders of our securities.

 

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT CONCERNING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

This prospectus contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties.  You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements.  Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in the forward-looking statements for many reasons, including the reasons described in our “Risk Factor” section. Although we believe the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, they relate only to events as of the date on which the statements are made. We do not intend to update any of the forward-looking statements after the date of this prospectus to conform these statements to actual results or to changes in our expectations, except as required by law.

 

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USE OF PROCEEDS

 

This prospectus relates to shares of our common stock that may be offered and sold from time to time by certain selling stockholders.  We will not receive proceeds from the sale or other disposition of shares of common stock being sold by our selling stockholders.  However, we may receive proceeds from the exercise of warrants. We cannot predict when or if the warrants will be exercised.  It is possible that the warrants may expire and may never be exercised.  If we receive proceeds from the exercise of warrants, we intend to use the proceeds for working capital.

 

SELLING SECURITY HOLDERS

 

Based upon information available to us as of December 15, 2008, the following table sets forth the names of the selling stockholders, the number of shares owned, the number of shares registered by this Registration Statement and the number and percent of outstanding shares that the selling stockholders will own, assuming all of the shares are sold. The information provided in the table and discussions below has been obtained from the selling stockholders. The selling stockholders may have sold, transferred or otherwise disposed of, or may sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of, at any time or from time to time since the date on which it provided the information regarding the shares beneficially owned, all or a portion of the shares of common stock beneficially owned in transactions exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933.  As used in this prospectus, “selling stockholder” includes donees, pledgees, transferees or other successors-in-interest selling shares received from the named selling stockholder as a gift, pledge, distribution or other transfer.

 

Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with Rule 13d-3(d) promulgated by the Commission under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Unless otherwise noted, each person or group identified possesses sole voting and investment power with respect to the shares, subject to community property laws where applicable.

 

Name of Selling Security Holder

 

Ownership
Before
Offering (1)

 

Number of
Shares
Offered

 

Number of
Shares
Owned After
Offering (2)

 

Percentage
Owned After
Offering (3)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Special Situations Fund III QP, L.P. (4)(5)

 

816,260

 

481,928

 

334,332

 

29.2

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Special Situations Private Equity Fund, L.P. (4)(6)

 

768,561

 

481,928

 

286,633

 

25.0

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Arnold Schumsky (7)

 

140,339

 

85,310

 

55,029

 

5.3

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Joel Pitlor (8)

 

188,737

 

18,182

 

170,555

 

16.1

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

LaPlace Group LLC (9)

 

39,273

 

7,273

 

32,000

 

3.1

%

 


* All information set forth herein gives effect to a 1 for 25 reverse stock split on December 11, 2008.

 

(1) Includes common stock beneficially owned, including shares being registered by this prospectus.

 

(2) These numbers assume the selling stockholders sell all of their shares being registered in this Registration Statement subsequent to the completion of the offering.

 

(3) Based on 1,018,411 shares outstanding as of December 15, 2008.

 

(4) MGP Advisors Limited, or MGP, is the general partner of the Special Situations Fund III, QP, L.P. AWM Investment Company, Inc., or AWM, is the general partner of MGP, the general partner of and investment adviser to

 

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the Special Situations Private Equity Fund, L.P.  Austin W. Marxe and David M. Greenhouse are the principal owners of MGP and AWM.  Through their control of MGP and AWM, Messrs. Marxe and Greenhouse share voting and dispositive control over the portfolio securities of each of the funds listed above.

 

(5) The shares being registered for Special Situations Fund III QP, L.P. are issuable upon exercise of Warrants and conversion of a 10% Senior Secured Convertible Note with a face value of $275,000 issued in exchange for $275,000, as part of a private placement that closed June 25, 2008.  The Warrants are exercisable at $1.75 per share to purchase 145,200 shares of our common stock and expire on June 25, 2015, subject to extension.  The Note is convertible at a rate of $1.25 into 220,000 shares of our common stock and matures on June 25, 2010.  An additional 44,000 shares of our common stock are being registered in the event the holder elects to convert all accrued interest payable under the Note into common stock, however, only 10,633 of these shares may be acquired in the 60 days following December 15, 2008.  Additionally, we are registering 72,728 of the 232,728 shares issuable upon conversion of a warrant with an exercise price of $5.50 per share and expiration date of February 1, 2012.  The number of shares issuable under the warrant increased as a result of anti-dilution provisions in the warrant being triggered on June 25, 2008.

 

(6) The shares being registered for Special Situations Private Equity Fund, L.P. are issuable upon exercise of Warrants and conversion of a 10% Senior Secured Convertible Note with a face value of $275,000 issued in exchange for $275,000, as part of a private placement that closed June 25, 2008.  The Warrants are exercisable at $1.75 per share to purchase 145,200 shares of our common stock and expire on June 25, 2015, subject to extension.  The Note is convertible at a rate of $1.25 into 220,000 shares of our common stock and matures on June 25, 2010.  An additional 44,000 shares of our common stock are being registered in the event the holder elects to convert all accrued interest payable under the Note into common stock, however, only 10,633 of these shares may be acquired in the 60 days following December 15, 2008.  Additionally, we are registering 72,728 of the 232,728 shares issuable upon conversion of a warrant with an exercise price of $5.50 per share and expiration date of February 1, 2012.  The number of shares issuable under the warrant increased as a result of anti-dilution provisions in the warrant being triggered on June 25, 2008.

 

(7) The shares being registered for Arnold Schumsky are issuable upon exercise of Warrants and conversion of a 10% Senior Secured Convertible Note with a face value of $50,000, as part of a private placement that closed June 25, 2008.  The Warrants are exercisable at $1.75 per share to purchase 26,400 shares of our common stock and expire on June 25, 2015, subject to extension.  The Note is convertible at a rate of $1.25 into 40,000 shares of our common and matures on June 25, 2010.  Up to 8,000 shares of our common stock are being registered in the event the holder elects to convert all accrued interest payable under the Note into common stock, however, only 1,933 of these shares may be acquired in the 60 days following December 15, 2008. Additionally, we are registering 10,910 of the 34,910 shares issuable upon conversion of a warrant with an exercise price of $5.50 per share and expiration date of February 1, 2012.  The number of shares issuable under the warrant increased as a result of anti-dilution provisions in the warrant being triggered on June 25, 2008.

 

(8) We are registering 18,182 of the 58,182 shares issuable upon conversion of a warrant with an exercise price of $5.50 per share and expiration date of February 1, 2012.  The number of shares issuable under the warrant increased as a result of anti-dilution provisions in the warrant being triggered on June 25, 2008. Mr. Pitlor is a director of our Company.

 

(9) Reuven Dessler, as managing member for LaPlace Group LLC, has voting and dispositive control over the shares.  We are registering 7,273 of the 23,273 shares issuable upon conversion of a warrant with an exercise price of $5.50 per share and expiration date of February 1, 2012.  The number of shares issuable under the warrant increased as a result of anti-dilution provisions in the warrant being triggered on June 25, 2008.

 

PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

 

The selling stockholders, which as used herein includes donees, pledgees, transferees or other successors-in-interest selling shares of common stock or interests in shares of common stock received after the date of this prospectus

 

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from a selling stockholder as a gift, pledge, partnership distribution or other transfer, may, from time to time, sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of any or all of their shares of common stock or interests in shares of common stock on any stock exchange, market or trading facility on which the shares are traded or in private transactions. These dispositions may be at fixed prices, at prevailing market prices at the time of sale, at prices related to the prevailing market price, at varying prices determined at the time of sale, or at negotiated prices.

 

The selling stockholders will act independently of us in making decisions with respect to the timing, manner and size of each sale.  The selling stockholders may use any one or more of the following methods when disposing of shares or interests therein:

 

·                   ordinary brokerage transactions and transactions in which the broker-dealer solicits purchasers;

·                   block trades in which the broker-dealer will attempt to sell the shares as agent, but may position and resell a portion of the block as principal to facilitate the transaction;

·                   purchases by a broker-dealer as principal and resale by the broker-dealer for its account;

·                   an exchange distribution in accordance with the rules of the applicable exchange;

·                   privately negotiated transactions;

·                   short sales effected after the date the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part is declared effective by the SEC;

·                   through the writing or settlement of options or other hedging transactions, whether through an options exchange or otherwise;

·                   broker-dealers may agree with the selling stockholders to sell a specified number of such shares at a stipulated price per share;

·                   a combination of any such methods of sale; or

·                   any other method permitted by law.

 

The selling stockholders may, from time to time, pledge or grant a security interest in some or all of the shares of common stock owned by them and, if they default in the performance of their secured obligations, the pledgees or secured parties may offer and sell the shares of common stock, from time to time, under this prospectus, or under an amendment to this prospectus under Rule 424(b)(3) or other applicable provision of the Securities Act of 1933 amending the list of selling stockholders to include the pledgee, transferee or other successors in interest as selling stockholders under this prospectus. The selling stockholders also may transfer the shares of common stock in other circumstances, in which case the transferees, pledgees or other successors in interest will be the selling beneficial owners for purposes of this prospectus.

 

In connection with the sale of our common stock or interests therein, the selling stockholders may enter into hedging transactions with broker-dealers or other financial institutions, which may in turn engage in short sales of the common stock in the course of hedging the positions they assume. The selling stockholders may also sell shares of our common stock short and deliver these securities to close out their short positions, or loan or pledge the common stock to broker-dealers that in turn may sell these securities. The selling stockholders may also enter into option or other transactions with broker-dealers or other financial institutions or the creation of one or more derivative securities which require the delivery to such broker-dealer or other financial institution of shares offered by this prospectus, which shares such broker-dealer or other financial institution may resell pursuant to this prospectus (as supplemented or amended to reflect such transaction).

 

The aggregate proceeds to the selling stockholders from the sale of the common stock offered by them will be the purchase price of the common stock less discounts or commissions, if any. Each of the selling stockholders reserves the right to accept and, together with their agents from time to time, to reject, in whole or in part, any proposed purchase of common stock to be made directly or through agents. We will not receive any of the proceeds from this offering. Upon any exercise of the warrants by payment of cash, however, we will receive the exercise price of the warrants.

 

The selling stockholders also may resell all or a portion of the shares in open market transactions in reliance upon Rule 144 under the Securities Act, provided that they meet the criteria and conform to the requirements of that rule.

 

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The selling stockholders and any underwriters, broker-dealers or agents that participate in the sale of the common stock or interests therein may be “underwriters” within the meaning of Section 2(11) of the Securities Act. Any discounts, commissions, concessions or profit they earn on any resale of the shares may be underwriting discounts and commissions under the Securities Act. Selling stockholders who are “underwriters” within the meaning of Section 2(11) of the Securities Act will be subject to the prospectus delivery requirements of the Securities Act.

 

To the extent required, the shares of our common stock to be sold, the names of the selling stockholders, the respective purchase prices and public offering prices, the names of any agents, dealer or underwriter, any applicable commissions or discounts with respect to a particular offer will be set forth in an accompanying prospectus supplement or, if appropriate, a post-effective amendment to the registration statement that includes this prospectus.

 

In order to comply with the securities laws of some states, if applicable, the common stock may be sold in these jurisdictions only through registered or licensed brokers or dealers. In addition, in some states the common stock may not be sold unless it has been registered or qualified for sale or an exemption from registration or qualification requirements is available and is complied with.

 

We have advised the selling stockholders that the anti-manipulation rules of Regulation M under the Exchange Act may apply to sales of shares in the market and to the activities of the selling stockholders and their affiliates. In addition, to the extent applicable we will make copies of this prospectus (as it may be supplemented or amended from time to time) available to the selling stockholders for the purpose of satisfying the prospectus delivery requirements of the Securities Act. The selling stockholders may indemnify any broker-dealer that participates in transactions involving the sale of the shares against certain liabilities, including liabilities arising under the Securities Act.

 

We have agreed to indemnify the selling stockholders against liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act and state securities laws, relating to the registration of the shares offered by this prospectus.

 

We have agreed with the selling stockholders to keep the registration statement of which this prospectus constitutes a part effective until the earlier of (1) such time as all of the shares covered by this prospectus have been disposed of pursuant to and in accordance with the registration statement or (2) the date on which the shares may be sold without restriction pursuant to Rule 144 of the Securities Act.

 

DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES TO BE REGISTERED

 

The following description of our capital stock and provisions of our Articles of Organization and By-laws, each as amended, is only a summary. You should also refer to our Articles of Organization, a copy of which is incorporated by reference as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, and our By-laws, a copy of which is incorporated by reference as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. Our authorized capital stock consists of 50,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share.

 

Holders of our common stock are entitled to one vote for each share held on all matters submitted to a vote of our stockholders. Holders of our common stock have no rights under our Articles of Organization or our By-laws regarding dividends unless and until dividends are declared by the board of directors, nor do they have any rights under our Articles of Organization or our By-laws regarding preemption rights. The outstanding shares of common stock are fully paid and non-assessable.

 

INTERESTS OF NAMED EXPERTS AND COUNSEL

 

No expert or counsel named in this prospectus as having prepared or certified any part of this prospectus or having given an opinion upon the validity of the securities being registered or upon other legal matters in connection with the registration or offering of the common stock was employed for such purpose on a contingency basis, or had, or is to receive, in connection with this offering, a substantial interest, direct or indirect, in us or any of our subsidiaries, nor was any such person connected with us or any of our subsidiaries as a promoter, managing or principal underwriter, voting trustee, director, officer, or employee.

 

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INFORMATION ABOUT THE COMPANY

 

DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS

 

History

 

We incorporated in Massachusetts in December 1982 and have been publicly-owned since November 1990. References to our Company contained herein include our two wholly-owned subsidiaries, Precise Medical, Inc. and Wood’s Precision Optics Corporation, Limited, except where the context otherwise requires.

 

Our Business

 

We have been a developer and manufacturer of advanced optical instruments since 1982.  We design and produce high-quality medical instruments, optical thin film coatings, micro-optics with characteristic dimensions less than 1 millimeter, or mm, and other advanced optical systems. Our medical instrumentation line includes laparoscopes, arthroscopes and endocouplers and a line of world-class 3-D endoscopes for use in minimally invasive surgical procedures. We are registered to the ISO 9001:2000, ISO 13485:2003, and Canadian Medical Devices Conformity Assessment System, or CMDCAS, Quality Standards, and comply with the FDA Good Manufacturing Practices and the European Union Medical Device Directive for CE marking of our medical products. Our website is www.poci.com. Information contained on our website does not constitute part of this prospectus.

 

Principal Products and Services and Methods of Distribution

 

Medical Products: Endoscopes and Image Couplers . We have manufactured, since 1982, medical products including endoscopes, as well as image couplers, beamsplitters and adapters, all of which are used as accessories to endoscopes. We have developed and sold endoscopes incorporating various optical technologies for use in a variety of minimally invasive surgical and diagnostic procedures. Our current line of specialized endoscopes include arthroscopes, which are used in joint surgery, laryngoscopes, which are used in the diagnosis of diseases of the larynx, laparoscopes, which are used in abdominal surgery, ENT scopes, which are used for ear, nose and throat procedures, and stereo endoscopes and cameras, which are used in cardiac and general surgery and enable surgeons to visualize the surgical field in 3-D imagery.

 

We produce autoclavable endoscopes for various applications, which are CE mark certified for European use, and have been designed and tested to withstand sterilization by autoclave which is sterilization in a superheated steam under pressure, as well as all other commonly used medical sterilization means. The major benefits of instruments that can be autoclaved include increased patient safety, quick turnaround, and elimination of hazardous sterilant and by-product materials, all of which provide increased value to the user compared to alternative sterilization methods.

 

Since 1985, we developed, manufactured and sold a proprietary product line of instrumentation to couple endoscopes to video cameras. Included in this product line are imaging couplers. For example, the Series 200 Parfocal Zoom Couplers and the Series 950 Universal Couplers, which physically connect the endoscope to a video camera system and transmit the image viewed through the scope to the video camera. Our Series 800 Beamsplitters perform the same function while preserving for the viewer an eye port for direct, simultaneous viewing through the endoscope. These devices are sold primarily to endoscope and video camera manufacturers and suppliers for resale under our customers’ names. All of the image couplers and beamsplitters that we manufacture are approved for surgery-approved sterilization. We believe we are one of only a few manufacturers of autoclavable image couplers worldwide.

 

Medical Products: Next Generation Lenslock TM  Endoscopes . We continue to develop and ship our next generation endoscopes that incorporate our leading proprietary Lenslock TM  technology (patent pending). Since December 2005, we have shipped over 400 ENT endoscopes with diameter of 2.7 mm that incorporate Lenslock TM  technology. We recently completed prototypes of our 4 mm Lenslock TM  sinuscope, and 5 mm Lenslock TM  laproscope, and are actively pursuing development of our new 4 mm Lenslock TM wide field arthroscope. We believe that Lenslock TM  technology has advantages over competitive products due to ease of manufacture and repair, superior image quality, significant cost effectiveness and quality of repair and that further incorporating this into our endoscope product line could lead to increased sales of this product.

 

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Medical Products: Sub-millimeter Optics and Endoscopes . Utilizing recently developed proprietary techniques, including patent pending micro-precision TM  lens fabrication technology, we design and manufacture ultra-small lenses, prisms and assemblies with sizes as small as 0.2 mm. Assemblies range in complexity from the combination of two lens elements to entire imaging systems utilizing multiple micro-optical elements in combination with larger, conventional optics. Developments in medical procedures requiring minimally invasive visualization in very small spaces, in such specialties as spinal surgery, neurosurgery, cardiothoracic surgery, cardiology and pulmonology, have led to products requiring lenses and endoscopes as small as 0.2 millimeters in diameter. Utilizing our proprietary technology, we currently manufacture a number of products with length and/or diameter less than 1 mm and are actively expanding our product line in this area.

 

Medical Products: Custom Design and Device Production . We design prototypes and manufacture custom optical medical products to satisfy our customers’ specific requirements. During fiscal year 2007, we completed development and began shipments of an advanced surgical visualization system to a significant new customer. We have received initial follow-on orders for delivery in fiscal year 2009.  The size and extent of future follow-on orders will depend on market acceptance and other considerations.

 

Industrial Products . In addition to our medical products, we also sell components and assemblies such as image couplers and beamsplitters specially designed for industrial use, including the video-monitored examination of a variety of industrial cavities and interiors, as well as specialized borescopes for industrial applications. Utilizing micro-precision TM  technology, we also design and manufacture sub-millimeter optical components and assemblies for industrial use.

 

Night Vision Optics . We continue to pursue a partnership effort for the proprietary development of a new class of color night vision devices including a new patent-pending eyepiece lens. With a second round of prototypes nearing completion, it is expected that the product incorporating our new night vision lenses will be evaluated by the U.S. government in the near future. We cannot control the timing of current evaluations and cannot therefore predict when, if ever, these night vision lenses might begin to generate revenue.

 

Optical System Design and Development Services . We are able to provide customers with advanced lens design, imaging analysis, optical system design, structural design and analysis, prototype production and evaluation, optics testing, and optical system assembly. Some of our efforts have led to optical system production business for our Company, and we believe our prototype development service may lead to new product production from time to time.

 

Competition and Markets

 

We sell our products in a highly competitive market and we compete for business with both foreign and domestic manufacturers. Many of our current competitors are larger and have substantially greater resources than we do. In addition, there is an ongoing risk that other domestic or foreign companies who do not currently service or manufacture products for our target markets, some with greater experience in the optics industry and greater financial resources than we have, may seek to produce products or services that compete directly with ours.

 

We believe that competition for sales of our medical products and services, which have been principally sold to medical device companies who incorporate our products into their systems, is based on performance and other technical features, as well as other factors, such as scheduling and reliability, in addition to competitive pricing. We market and sell our endoscopes to customers for incorporation into their own product lines and for resale under their own name. A number of domestic and foreign competitors also sell endoscopes to these customers and our share of the endoscope market is nominal. We believe that, while our resources are substantially more limited than those of our competitors, we can compete successfully in this market on the basis of product quality, price, delivery and innovation.

 

We currently sell our image couplers, beamsplitters and adapters to a market that consists of approximately 30 to 35 potential customers who manufacture and sell video cameras, endoscopes and video-endoscopy systems. In the past, we have been successful in marketing and selling our products to approximately two-thirds of these customers, and currently estimate that we maintain approximately 20% to 30% of the market share in these products. We plan to continue to focus our sales and marketing efforts in this area, and to work to increase our market share. However, a

 

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challenge we face is customers’ own in-house capabilities to manufacture such products.  We estimate that approximately 50% of the market demand for image couplers, beamsplitters and adapters is met by these “captive” facilities. In general, and despite in-house capacity, we believe that many customers continue to purchase products from us in order to devote their own technical resources to their primary products, such as cameras or endoscopes.

 

Marketing

 

In May 2006, we initiated efforts to update our sales and marketing activities.  As part of these efforts, we generated new marketing materials for recently developed products, including a newly designed website, www.poci.com.  Since initiating these efforts, we have taken a much more comprehensive view of trade show opportunities, targeting those with specific relevance to recently developed products. Coupled with the recently renewed efforts for select key trade show attendance by our Chief Scientific Officer as well as our overall sales and marketing staff, we believe we have a greater opportunity to reach and follow up a broader customer base than we have previously been able to achieve. These efforts have contributed to recent year-over-year revenue increases, and continue to generate prospects for our leading technologies including, Lenslock TM , micro-precision TM , and custom applications of our core optical capabilities. This includes renewed interest in some of our well-developed products such as our “classic” autoclavable endoscopes and endocouplers, as well as new applications with our micro (fiberoptic) endoscopes.

 

International Business

 

We have had negligible direct export sales to date. However, our medical products have received the CE Mark Certification, which permits sales into the European marketplace. We may establish or use production facilities overseas to produce key components for our business, such as lenses. Since the 1990s we have maintained a Hong Kong subsidiary to support business and quality control activities as required throughout Asia. We believe that the cost savings from such production may be essential to our ability to compete on a price basis in the medical products area particularly and to our profitability generally.

 

Research and Development

 

We believe that our future success depends to a large degree on our ability to continue to conceive and develop new optical products and services to enhance the performance characteristics and methods of manufacture of existing products. Accordingly, we expect to continue to seek to obtain product-related design and development contracts with customers and to invest our own funds on research and development. We spent $757,852 and $1,312,240 of our own funds, net of reimbursements, during fiscal years 2008 and 2007, respectively, on research and development.

 

We are currently incorporating our Lenslock TM  technology (patent pending) into our line of endoscopes. This proprietary technology ensures lower cost, easier reparability and enhanced durability. We are also aggressively pursuing the design, development and manufacture of ultra-small instruments, some with lenses less than one millimeter in diameter, utilizing its micro-precision TM  lens technology (patent pending).

 

Raw Materials and Principal Suppliers

 

The basic raw material of the majority of our product line is precision grade optical glass, which we obtain from a few suppliers, principally Schott and Ohara. For optical thin film coatings, the basic raw materials we utilize are metals and dielectric compounds, which we obtain from a variety of chemical suppliers. Certain of the thin film coatings utilized in our products are currently procured from an outside supplier, but most thin film coatings are produced in-house. We believe that our demand for these raw materials and thin film coating services is small relative to the total supply, and that the materials and services required for the production of our products are currently available in sufficient production quantities and will be available for fiscal year 2009. We believe, however, that there are relatively few suppliers of the high quality lenses and prisms, which our endoscopes require. In response, we have established our own optical shop for producing ultra-high quality prisms, micro-optics and other specialized optics for a variety of medical and industrial applications.

 

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Patents and Trademarks

 

We rely, in part, upon patents, trade secrets and proprietary knowledge as well as personnel policies and employee confidentiality agreements concerning inventions and other creative efforts to develop and to maintain our competitive position. We do not believe that our business is dependent upon any patent, patent pending or license, although we believe that trade secrets and confidential know-how may be important to our scientific and commercial success.

 

We plan to file for patents, copyrights and trademarks in the United States and in appropriate countries to protect our intellectual property rights to the extent practicable. We hold the rights to several United States and foreign patents and have several patent applications pending, including those for our new generation of 3-D endoscopes, our Lenslock TM  endoscope technology and our innovative micro-precision TM  lens technology. These patents have expiration dates ranging from June 2009 to June 2028.  We are not aware of any infringements of our patents. We plan to protect our patents from infringement in each instance where we determine that doing so would be economical in light of the expense involved and the level and availability of our financial resources. While we believe that our pending applications relate to patentable devices or concepts, these patents may not be issued and we may not be able to successfully defend these patents or effectively limit the development of competitive products and services.

 

Employees

 

As of December 15, 2008, we had 19 full-time employees and 8 part-time employees. There were 15 employees in manufacturing, 6 in engineering/research and development, 1 in sales and marketing and 5 in finance and administration.  We are not a party to any collective bargaining agreements.  We believe our relations with our employees are good.

 

Customers

 

Revenues from our largest customers, as a percentage of total revenues, for fiscal years 2008 and 2007 were as follows:

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

Customer A

 

25

%

27

%

Customer B

 

20

 

22

 

Customer C

 

11

 

10

 

All Others

 

44

 

41

 

 

 

100

%

100

%

 

No other customer accounted for more than 10% of our revenues in fiscal years 2008 and 2007. At June 30, 2008, receivables from our largest customers were 27%, 25% and 17% of the total accounts receivable.

 

Environmental Matters

 

Our operations are subject to a variety of federal, state and local laws and regulations relating to the discharge of materials into the environment or otherwise relative to the protection of the environment. From time to time we use a small amount of hazardous materials in our operations. We believe that we comply with all applicable environmental laws and regulations.

 

Government Regulations on the Business

 

Domestic Regulation . We currently develop, manufacture and sell several medical products, the marketing of which is subject to governmental regulation in the United States. Medical devices are regulated in the United States by the Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, and, in some cases, by certain state agencies. The FDA regulates the research, testing, manufacture, safety, effectiveness, labeling, promotion and distribution of medical devices in the United States. Generally, medical devices require clearance or approval prior to commercial distribution. Additionally, certain material changes to, and changes in intended use of, medical devices also are subject to FDA review and clearance or approval. Non-compliance with applicable requirements can result in failure of the FDA to

 

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grant pre-market clearance or approval, withdrawal or suspension of approval, suspension of production, or the imposition of various other penalties.

 

We notified the FDA of our intent to market our endoscopes, image couplers, beamsplitters, adapters and video ophthalmoscopes, and the FDA has determined that we may market such devices, subject to the general controls provisions of the Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act. We obtained this FDA permission without the need to undergo a lengthy and expensive approval process due to the FDA’s determination that such devices meet the regulatory standard of being substantially equivalent to an existing approved device.

 

In the future, we plan to market additional endoscopes and related medical products that may require the FDA’s permission to market such products. We may also develop additional products or seek to sell some of our current or future medical products in a manner that requires us to obtain the permission of the FDA to market such products, as well as the regulatory approval or license of other federal, state and local agencies or similar agencies in other countries. The FDA has authority to conduct detailed inspections of manufacturing plants in order to assure that “good manufacturing practices” are being followed in the manufacture of medical devices, to require periodic reporting of product defects to the FDA and to prohibit the sale of devices which do not comply with law.

 

Foreign Requirements . Sales of medical device products outside the United States are subject to foreign regulatory requirements that may vary from country to country. Our failure to comply with foreign regulatory requirements would jeopardize our ability to market our products in foreign jurisdictions. The regulatory environment in the European Union for medical device products differs from that in the United States. Medical devices sold in the European Economic Area must bear the CE mark. Devices are classified by manufacturers according to the risks they represent, with a classification of Class III representing the highest risk devices and Class I representing the lowest risk devices. Once a device has been classified, the manufacturer can follow one of a series of conformity assessment routes, typically through a registered quality system, and demonstrate compliance to a “European Notified Body.” The CE mark may then be applied to the device. Maintenance of the system is ensured through annual on-site audits by the notified body and a post-market surveillance system requiring the manufacturer to submit serious complaints to the appropriate governmental authority. All of our medical products are CE mark certified.

 

DESCRIPTION OF PROPERTY

 

We conduct our domestic operations at two facilities in Gardner, Massachusetts. The main Gardner facility is leased from a corporation owned by an individual who is one of our officers, and who serves on our board of directors. The lease terminated in December 1999 and we are currently a tenant-at-will. We rent the other Gardner facility on a month-to-month basis. We rent office space in Hong Kong for sales, marketing and supplier quality control and liaison activities of our Hong Kong subsidiary.

 

We believe these facilities are adequate for our current operations and adequately covered by insurance. Significant increases in production or the addition of significant equipment additions or manufacturing capabilities in connection with the production of our line of endoscopes, optical thin films and other products may, however, require the acquisition or lease of additional facilities. We may establish production facilities domestically or overseas to produce key assemblies or components, such as lenses, for our products. Overseas facilities may subject us to the political and economic risks associated with overseas operations. The loss of or inability to establish or maintain such additional domestic or overseas facilities could materially adversely affect our competitive position and profitability.

 

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

 

We may be involved from time to time in ordinary litigation, negotiation and settlement matters that will not have a material effect on our operations or finances. We are not aware of any pending or threatened litigation against us or our officers and directors in their capacity as such that could have a material impact on our operations or finances.

 

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MARKET PRICE OF AND DIVIDENDS ON COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

 

Market Information

 

Our common stock is quoted on the Over-The-Counter Bulletin Board, or OTCBB, under the symbol “PEYE.OB.” The following table sets forth the high and low bid prices for our common stock for each quarter during the last two fiscal years and the subsequent interim period as quoted on the OTCBB. Such OTCBB market quotations reflect inter-dealer prices, without retail markup, markdown or commissions and may not necessarily represent actual transactions.

 

 

 

High

 

Low

 

For the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2009

 

 

 

 

 

First Quarter ended September 30, 2008

 

$

3.25

 

$

1.00

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

For the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2008

 

 

 

 

 

First Quarter ended September 30, 2007

 

$

10.00

 

$

5.00

 

Second Quarter ended December 31, 2007

 

$

8.75

 

$

3.00

 

Third Quarter ended March 31, 2008

 

$

6.00

 

$

2.75

 

Fourth Quarter ended June 30, 2008

 

$

5.00

 

$

2.50

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

For the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2007

 

 

 

 

 

First Quarter ended September 30, 2006

 

$

12.25

 

$

6.25

 

Second Quarter ended December 31, 2006

 

$

12.25

 

$

6.25

 

Third Quarter ended March 31, 2007

 

$

15.00

 

$

8.00

 

Fourth Quarter ended June 30, 2007

 

$

12.50

 

$

8.00

 

 


* Prices have been adjusted to reflect a 1 for 25 reverse stock split, effective December 11, 2008.

 

Holders

 

As of December 9, 2008, we had approximately 81 holders of record of our common stock. Holders of record include nominees who may hold shares on behalf of multiple owners.

 

Dividends

 

We have not declared any dividends during the last two fiscal years and through the quarter ended September 30, 2008. At present, we intend to retain our earnings, if any, to finance research and development and expansion of our business.

 

Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans

 

The following table provides information as of June 30, 2008, regarding our compensation plans (including individual compensation arrangements) under which our equity securities are authorized for issuance. Information set forth herein gives effect to a 1 for 25 reverse stock split on December 11, 2008.

 

Equity Compensation Plan Information

 

Plan Category

 

Number of securities
to be issued upon
exercise of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights
(a)

 

Weighted-average
exercise price of
outstanding
options, warrants
and rights
(b)

 

Number of securities
remaining available for
future issuance under
equity compensation
plans (excluding securities
reflected in column (a))
(c)

 

Equity compensation plans approved by security holders

 

97,232

 

$

15.75

 

137,098

 

Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders

 

 

 

 

Total

 

97,232

 

$

15.75

 

137,098

 

 

16



Table of Contents

 

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of

Precision Optics Corporation, Inc.:

 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Precision Optics Corporation, Inc. and subsidiaries (the Company) as of June 30, 2008 and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity and cash flows for the year then ended. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.

 

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal controls over financial reporting. An audit includes consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Precision Optics Corporation, Inc. and subsidiaries as of June 30, 2008  and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the year then ended in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

 

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company has suffered recurring net losses and negative cash flows from operations, which raises substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern. Management’s plans concerning these matters are described in Note 1. The accompanying consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

 

/s/ Stowe & Degon

 

 

Leominster, Massachusetts

September 23, 2008 except with respect to the stock split discussed in Note 9

  as to which the date is December 15, 2008

 

17



Table of Contents

 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of

Precision Optics Corporation, Inc.:

 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Precision Optics Corporation, Inc. and subsidiaries (the Company) as of June 30, 2007 and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity and cash flows for the year then ended. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audit.

 

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal controls over financial reporting. An audit includes consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Precision Optics Corporation, Inc. and subsidiaries as of June 30, 2007 and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the year then ended in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

 

As discussed in Note 1 of the notes to the consolidated financial statements, effective July 1, 2006, the Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123(R), Share-Based Payment.

 

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company has suffered recurring net losses and negative cash flows from operations, which raises substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern. Management’s plans concerning these matters are described in Note 1. The accompanying consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

 

/s/ Vitale, Caturano & Company, Ltd.

 

VITALE, CATURANO & COMPANY, LTD.

 

Boston, Massachusetts

September 26, 2007 (except with respect

to the reverse stock split discussed in Note 9

as to which the date is December 15, 2008)

 

18



Table of Contents

 

PRECISION OPTICS CORPORATION, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Balance Sheets at June 30, 2008 and 2007

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

ASSETS

 

 

 

 

 

Current Assets:

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

$

885,988

 

$

840,179

 

Accounts receivable (net of allowance for doubtful accounts of approximately $7,400 and $11,159 in 2008 and 2007, respectively)

 

387,224

 

801,206

 

Inventories

 

608,431

 

904,736

 

Prepaid expenses

 

36,749

 

53,039

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total current assets

 

1,918,392

 

2,599,160

 

Fixed Assets:

 

 

 

 

 

Machinery and equipment

 

2,352,634

 

3,559,384

 

Leasehold improvements

 

553,596

 

553,596

 

Furniture and fixtures

 

149,738

 

150,603

 

Vehicles

 

42,343

 

42,343

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3,098,311

 

4,305,926

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Less—Accumulated depreciation and amortization

 

2,935,922

 

4,148,239

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net fixed assets

 

162,389

 

157,687

 

Other Assets:

 

 

 

 

 

Cash surrender value of life insurance policies

 

5,465

 

4,438

 

Patents, net

 

195,391

 

274,311

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total other assets

 

200,856

 

278,749

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

2,281,637

 

$

3,035,597

 

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

 

 

 

 

 

Current Liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts payable

 

$

364,409

 

$

343,730

 

Customer advances

 

91,105

 

2,690

 

Accrued employee compensation

 

293,497

 

270,437

 

Accrued professional services

 

94,312

 

75,616

 

Accrued warranty expense

 

25,000

 

25,000

 

Other accrued liabilities

 

912

 

914

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total current liabilities

 

869,235

 

718,387

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10% Senior secured convertible notes

 

10,304

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commitments (Note 3)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Stockholders’ Equity:

 

 

 

 

 

Common stock, $0.01 par value-

 

 

 

 

 

Authorized—50,000,000 shares

 

 

 

 

 

Issued and outstanding—1,018,411 shares at June 30, 2008 and June 30, 2007

 

10,184

 

10,184

 

Additional paid-in capital

 

38,149,655

 

37,441,413

 

Accumulated deficit

 

(36,757,741

)

(35,134,387

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total stockholders’ equity

 

1,402,098

 

2,317,210

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

2,281,637

 

$

3,035,597

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

19



Table of Contents

 

PRECISION OPTICS CORPORATION, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Statements of Operations for the

Years Ended June 30, 2008 and 2007

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

Revenues

 

$

2,902,219

 

$

2,477,469

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cost of Goods Sold

 

2,110,217

 

2,002,196

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gross profit

 

792,002

 

475,273

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Research and Development Expenses, net

 

757,852

 

1,312,240

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

 

1,867,093

 

2,097,959

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gain on Sale of Product Line

 

(210,549

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total operating expenses

 

2,414,396

 

3,410,199

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Operating loss

 

(1,622,394

)

(2,934,926

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest Income (Expense), net

 

(48

)

46,011

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Loss before provision for income taxes

 

(1,622,442

)

(2,888,915

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Provision for Income Taxes

 

912

 

914

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net loss

 

$

(1,623,354

)

$

(2,889,829

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Loss per Share - Basic and Diluted

 

$

(1.59

)

$

(3.68

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding - Basic and Diluted

 

1,018,411

 

784,995

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

20



Table of Contents

 

PRECISION OPTICS CORPORATION, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity

for the Years Ended June 30, 2008 and 2007

 

 

 

Number of
Shares

 

Common
Stock

 

Additional
Paid-in
Capital

 

Accumulated
Deficit

 

Total
Stockholders’
Equity

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Balance, June 30, 2006

 

618,411

 

$

6,184

 

$

34,878,271

 

$

(32,244,558

)

$

2,639,897

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Proceeds from sale of common stock and warrants, net

 

400,000

 

4,000

 

2,372,216

 

 

2,376,216

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Stock-based compensation

 

 

 

190,926

 

 

190,926

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net loss

 

 

 

 

(2,889,829

)

(2,889,829

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Balance, June 30, 2007

 

1,018,411

 

$

10,184

 

$

37,441,413

 

$

(35,134,387

)

$

2,317,210

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Proceeds from issuance of senior convertible notes and warrants allocated to warrants

 

 

 

 

 

399,000

 

 

 

399,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Proceeds from issuance of senior convertible notes and warrants allocated to beneficial conversion feature

 

 

 

 

 

201,000

 

 

 

201,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Stock-based compensation

 

 

 

 

 

108,242

 

 

 

108,242

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net loss

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1,623,354

)

(1,623,354

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Balance, June 30, 2008

 

1,018,411

 

$

10,184

 

$

38,149,655

 

$

(36,757,741

)

$

1,402,098

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

21



Table of Contents

 

PRECISION OPTICS CORPORATION, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the

Years Ended June 30, 2008 and 2007

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash Flows from Operating Activities:

 

 

 

 

 

Net loss

 

$

(1,623,354

)

$

(2,889,829

)

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities- Depreciation and amortization

 

161,169

 

120,404

 

Gain on sale of product line

 

(210,549

)

 

 

Provision for inventory write-down

 

39,059

 

31,100

 

Stock-based compensation expense

 

108,242

 

190,926

 

Non-cash interest expense

 

10,304

 

 

Changes in operating assets and liabilities-

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts receivable, net

 

413,982

 

(420,109

)

Inventories

 

237,141

 

(490,034

)

Prepaid expenses

 

16,290

 

(7,127

)

Accounts payable

 

20,679

 

125,072

 

Customer advances

 

88,415

 

2,690

 

Accrued expenses

 

41,754

 

1,989

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net cash used in operating activities

 

(696,868

)

(3,334,918

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash Flows from Investing Activities:

 

 

 

 

 

Purchases of property and equipment

 

(58,718

)

(139,667

)

Proceeds from sale of product line

 

250,000

 

 

Product line sale costs

 

(19,051

)

 

Increase in other assets

 

(29,554

)

(91,880

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

 

142,677

 

(231,547

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash Flows from Financing Activities:

 

 

 

 

 

Proceeds from issuance of senior convertible notes and warrants

 

600,000

 

 

Gross proceeds from private placement

 

 

2,500,000

 

Payment of offering costs

 

 

(123,784

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net cash provided by financing activities

 

600,000

 

2,376,216

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

 

45,809

 

(1,190,249

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year

 

840,179

 

2,030,428

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents, end of year

 

$

885,988

 

$

840,179

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information:

 

 

 

 

 

Cash paid during the year for- Income taxes

 

$

912

 

$

914

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Supplemental Disclosure of Non-Cash Investing and Financing Activities:

 

 

 

 

 

Cost of inventory sold as part of product line disposal

 

$

20,105

 

$

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

22



Table of Contents

 

PRECISION OPTICS CORPORATION, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

(1) SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

 

(a)      Nature of Business and Liquidity

 

Precision Optics Corporation, Inc. (the “Company”) designs, develops, manufactures and sells specialized optical systems and components and optical thin-film coatings. The Company conducts business in one industry segment only and its customers are primarily domestic. The Company’s products and services fall into two principal areas: (i) medical products for use by hospitals and physicians and (ii) advanced optical system design and development services and products used by industrial customers.

 

The Company has sustained recurring net losses and negative cash flows from operations for several years. During the year ended June 30, 2008, the Company incurred a net loss of $1,623,354 and used cash in operations of $696,868. As of June 30, 2008, cash and cash equivalents were $885,988, accounts receivable were $387,224 and current liabilities were $869,235, resulting in a net liquid asset amount of $403,977.  These factors raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.  The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business.  The financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts or the amounts and classification of liabilities that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.  During the latter part of fiscal year 2008, the Company implemented plans to reduce costs and to streamline operations in an effort to reduce net losses.  This has resulted in an increase in gross profit and simultaneous decreases in operating expenses, thereby reducing losses substantially, particularly in the third and fourth quarters of fiscal year 2008.  The Company believes that the recent introduction of several new products, along with new and on-going customer relationships, will generate additional revenues, which are required in order for the Company to achieve profitability. If these additional revenues are not achieved on a timely basis, the Company will be required and is prepared to implement further cost reduction measures, as necessary.

 

The Company has incurred quarter to quarter operating losses during its recent efforts to develop current products including endoscopes, image couplers, beamsplitters, thin film coatings, night vision and micro-optic lenses, prisms and assemblies for various applications and utilizing a number of proprietary and patent-pending technologies including Lenslock TM endoscope and micro-precision TM lens technologies. Management expects that such operating losses will continue through fiscal year 2009, and until sales increase to breakeven and profitable levels. Management also believes that the opportunities represented by these products have the potential to generate sales increases to achieve breakeven and profitable results. The Company will continue its review of other expense areas to determine where additional reductions in discretionary spending can be achieved. There can be no assurance that the Company’s operating plans will be successful, and if so required, that the Company will be successful in obtaining the capital necessary to continue ongoing operations.

 

In April 2006 the Company completed a private placement, issuing 338,000 shares of common stock. Net cash proceeds to the Company (after offering costs of $49,725) were $2,062,775. In February 2007 the Company completed a private placement, pursuant to which it sold an aggregate of 400,000 shares of common stock and warrants to purchase an aggregate of 400,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $8.00 per share. Net cash proceeds to the Company (after offering costs of $123,784) were $2,376,216 (see Note 4). In June 2008 the Company issued senior secured convertible notes and warrants, raising cash proceeds of $600,000.

 

During the past year, the introduction of several new products, along with new and on-going customer relationships, has resulted in significant revenue growth. The Company believes that with continued promotion, these opportunities have the potential to continue the general trend of increasing revenues, which, along with enhanced operations are required in order for the Company to achieve profitability.

 

23



Table of Contents

 

PRECISION OPTICS CORPORATION, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

(b)      Principles of Consolidation

 

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its two wholly owned subsidiaries. All inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. All shares and per share data reflect the effects of a 1-for-25 reverse stock split that became effective on December 11, 2008.

 

(c)      Revenues

 

The Company recognized revenue in accordance with Securities and Exchange Commission issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 104, Revenue Recognition (“SAB No. 104”) which requires that four basic criteria must be met before revenue can be recognized: (1) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists; (2) delivery has occurred or services rendered; (3) the price to the buyer is fixed and determinable; and (4) collectability is reasonably assured. The Company’s shipping terms are customarily FOB shipping point. The Company’s revenue recognition practices comply with the guidance in the bulletin.

 

The sales price of products and services sold is fixed and determinable after receipt and acceptance of a customer’s purchase order or properly executed sales contract, typically before any work is performed. Management reviews each customer purchase order or sales contract to determine that the work to be performed is specified and there are no unusual terms and conditions that would raise questions as to whether the sales price is fixed or determinable. The Company assesses credit worthiness of customers based upon prior history with the customer and assessment of financial condition. Accounts receivable are stated at the amount management expects to collect from outstanding balances. An allowance for doubtful accounts is provided for that portion of accounts receivable considered to be uncollectible, based upon historical experience and management’s evaluation of outstanding accounts receivable at the end of the year. Bad debts are written off against the allowance when identified.

 

The Company’s revenue transactions typically do not contain multiple deliverable elements for future performance obligations to customers, other than a standard one-year warranty on materials and workmanship, the estimated costs for which are provided for at the time revenue is recognized.

 

Revenues for industrial and medical products sold in the normal course of business are recognized upon shipment when delivery terms are FOB shipping point and all other revenue recognition criteria have been met. Gross shipping charges reimbursable from customers, to deliver product, are insignificant and are included in Revenues, while shipping costs are classified as the Selling, General and Administrative Expenses section of the Consolidated Statement of Operations.

 

(d)      Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

The Company includes in cash equivalents all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less at the time of acquisition. Cash and cash equivalents of $885,988 and $840,179 at June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively, consist primarily of cash at banks and money market funds. The Company maintains its cash and cash equivalents in bank deposit accounts that, at times, may exceed federally insured limits. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts. The Company believes it is not exposed to any significant credit risk on cash and cash equivalents.

 

(e)      Inventories

 

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out) or market and include material, labor and manufacturing overhead. The components of inventories at June 30, 2008 and 2007 are as follows:

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

Raw material

 

$

347,298

 

$

511,588

 

Work-in-progress

 

177,464

 

349,936

 

Finished goods

 

83,669

 

43,212

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

608,431

 

$

904,736

 

 

24



Table of Contents

 

PRECISION OPTICS CORPORATION, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

The Company provides for estimated obsolescence on unmarketable inventory based upon assumptions about future demand and market conditions. If actual demand and market conditions are less favorable than those projected by management, additional inventory write-downs may be required. Inventory, once written down, is not subsequently written back up, as these adjustments are considered permanent adjustments to the carrying value of the inventory.

 

During fiscal years 2008 and 2007, the Company recorded pre-tax non-cash provisions for slow-moving and obsolete inventories of approximately $39,000 and $31,100, respectively.

 

(f)     Property and Equipment

 

Property and equipment are recorded at cost. Maintenance and repair items are expensed as incurred. The Company provides for depreciation and amortization by charges to operations, using the straight-line and declining-balance methods, which allocate the cost of property and equipment over the following estimated useful lives:

 

Asset Classification

 

Estimated Useful Life

Machinery and equipment

 

2-7 years

Leasehold improvements

 

Shorter of lease term or estimated useful life

Furniture and fixtures

 

5 years

Vehicles

 

3 years

 

Amortization of assets under capital leases is included in depreciation expense. Depreciation expense was $53,720 and $57,911 for the years ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

 

(g)      Significant Customers and Concentration of Credit Risk

 

Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 105, Disclosure of Information about Financial Instruments with Off-Balance-Sheet Risk and Financial Instruments with Concentrations of Credit Risk, requires disclosure of any significant off-balance sheet and credit risk.

 

Financial instruments that subject the Company to credit risk consist primarily of cash equivalents and trade accounts receivable. The Company places its investments with highly rated financial institutions. The Company has not experienced any losses on these investments to date. At June 30, 2008, receivables from the Company’s largest customers were 27%, 25% and 17% of the total accounts receivable. At June 30, 2007, receivables from the Company’s largest customer were 61% of the total accounts receivable. No other customer accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s receivables as of June 30, 2008 and 2007. The Company has not experienced any material losses related to accounts receivable from individual customers. The Company generally does not require collateral or other security as a condition of sale rather relying on credit approval, balance limitation and monitoring procedures to control credit risk of trade account financial instruments. Management believes that allowances for doubtful accounts, which are established based upon review of specific account balances and historical experience, are adequate.

 

Revenues from the Company’s largest customers, as a percentage of total revenues, were as follows:

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

Customer A

 

25

%

27

%

Customer B

 

20

 

22

 

Customer C

 

11

 

10

 

All Others

 

44

 

41

 

 

 

100

%

100

%

 

No other customer accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s revenues in fiscal years 2008 and 2007.

 

25



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PRECISION OPTICS CORPORATION, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

(h)      Loss per Share

 

The Company calculates earnings per share according to SFAS No. 128, Earnings per Share. Basic loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. For each of the two years in the periods ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, the effect of stock options was anti-dilutive; therefore, they were not included in the computation of diluted loss per share. The number of shares issuable upon the exercise of outstanding stock options and warrants that were excluded from the computation, as their effect would be anti-dilutive, was approximately 996,066 and 501,303 during fiscal 2008 and 2007, respectively.

 

(i)      Stock-Based Compensation

 

On July 1, 2006, the Company adopted SFAS No. 123(R), Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation (“SFAS No. 123(R)”), which requires the measurement and recognition of all compensation costs for all stock based awards made to employees and the Board of Directors based upon fair value over the requisite service period for awards expected to vest. Prior to adoption, the Company accounted for stock options under the intrinsic value method set in accordance with Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, “ Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, ” and related interpretations, and provided the required pro forma disclosures prescribed by SFAS No. 123, “ Accounting for Share-based Compensation “ (“SFAS No. 123”), as amended.

 

SFAS 123(R) requires the Company to estimate the fair value of share-based awards on the date of grant using an option-pricing model. The Company adopted SFAS 123(R) using the modified prospective transition method which required the application of the accounting standard starting July 1, 2006, the first day of the Company’s fiscal year 2007. Prior period information has not been restated to reflect the fair value method of expensing share-based awards. Stock-based compensation costs recognized for the year ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 amounted to $108,242 and $190,926, respectively.

 

(j)     Foreign Currency Translation

 

The Company translates certain accounts and financial statements of its foreign subsidiary in accordance with SFAS No. 52, Foreign Currency Translation. The functional currency of the Company’s foreign subsidiary is the United States dollar. Transaction gains or losses are reflected in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and have not been significant.

 

(k)      Patents

 

Patents are carried at cost, less accumulated amortization of $623,063 and $515,615 at June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Such costs are amortized using the straight-line method over the shorter of their legal or estimated useful lives, generally five to ten years. Amortization expense was $107,448 and $62,493 for the years ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Amortization expense is expected to be approximately $30,000, $28,000, $27,000, $26,000 and $25,000, respectively, for the years ending June 30, 2009 through June 30, 2013.

 

(l)     Financial Instruments

 

SFAS No. 107, Disclosure About Fair Value of Financial Instruments, requires disclosures about the fair value of financial instruments. Financial instruments consist principally of cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued expenses. The estimated fair value of these financial instruments approximates their carrying value due to the short-term nature of these financial instruments.

 

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

(m)      Long-Lived Assets

 

The Company accounts for long-lived assets in accordance with SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets. This statement requires that long-lived assets and certain identifiable intangibles be reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to future undiscounted net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets. Assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell.

 

(n)      Warranty Costs

 

The Company does not incur future performance obligations in the normal course of business other than providing a standard one-year warranty on materials and workmanship to its customers. The Company provides for estimated warranty costs at the time product revenue is recognized. Warranty costs have been included as a component of cost of goods sold in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. The following tables summarize warranty reserve activity for the two years ended June 30, 2008:

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Balance at beginning of period

 

$

25,000

 

$

50,000

 

Provision (credit) for warranty claims

 

2,619

 

(14,197

)

Warranty claims incurred

 

(2,619

)

(10,803

)

Balance at end of period

 

$

25,000

 

$

25,000

 

 

(o)     Research and Development

 

Research and development expenses are charged to operations as incurred. The Company groups development and prototype costs and related reimbursements in research and development. For the years ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, research and development expense is shown net of reimbursements of $224,107 and $101,309, respectively, in the accompanying statements of operations.

 

(p)     Comprehensive Income

 

SFAS No. 130, Reporting Comprehensive Income, requires disclosure of all components of comprehensive income on an annual and interim basis. Comprehensive income is defined as the change in equity of a business enterprise during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owners sources.

 

The Company’s comprehensive loss for the years ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 was equal to its net loss for the same periods.

 

(q)       Income Taxes

 

Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carry-forwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.

 

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

In assessing the likelihood of utilization of existing deferred tax assets, management has considered historical results of operations and the current operating environment.

 

(r)      Segment Reporting

 

SFAS No. 131, Disclosures About Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information, establishes standards for reporting information regarding operating segments in annual financial statements and requires selected information for those segments to be presented in interim financial reports issued to stockholders. SFAS No. 131 also establishes standards for related disclosures about products and services and geographic areas. Operating segments are identified as components of an enterprise about which separate discrete financial information is available for evaluation by the chief operating decision maker, or decision-making group, in making decisions about how to allocate resources and assess performance. The Company’s chief decision-maker, as defined under SFAS No. 131, is the Chief Executive Officer. To date, the Company has viewed its operations and manages its business as principally one segment. For all periods presented, over 90% of the Company’s sales have been to customers in the United States.

 

(s)      Use of Estimates

 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting standards generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

 

(t)        Recent Accounting Pronouncements

 

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141 (revised 2007), Business Combinations (SFAS No. 141(R)), which replaces SFAS No. 141. SFAS No. 141(R) establishes principles and requirements for how an acquirer in a business combination recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any controlling interest; recognizes and measures the goodwill acquired in the business combination or a gain from a bargain purchase; and determines what information to disclose to enable users of the financial statements to evaluate the nature and financial effects of the business combination. SFAS No. 141(R) is to be applied prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after an entity’s fiscal year that begins after December 15, 2008 (July 1, 2009 for the Company). The impact of this Statement on the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows will be dependent on the terms, conditions and details of such acquisitions.

 

In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities , which allows the Company to choose to measure selected financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected are reported in earnings. SFAS No. 159 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007 (July 1, 2008 for the Company). The Company is in the process of evaluating the impact of this authoritative guidance on its consolidated financial statements.

 

In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements, which provides a single definition of fair value, and requires additional disclosure about the use of fair value to measure assets and liabilities. SFAS No. 157 emphasizes that fair value is a market-based measurement defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Thus, SFAS No. 157 adheres to a definition of fair value based upon exit price as opposed to entry price (i.e. the price paid to acquire an asset or liability). This pronouncement is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007 (July 1, 2008 for the Company). The Company is in the process of evaluating the impact of this authoritative guidance on its consolidated financial statements.

 

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PRECISION OPTICS CORPORATION, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

(2)          10% SENIOR SECURED CONVERTIBLE NOTES

 

On June 25, 2008, the Company entered into a Purchase Agreement with institutional and other accredited investors pursuant to which it sold an aggregate of $600,000 of 10% Senior Secured Convertible Notes, which are convertible into an aggregate of 480,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, at a conversion price of $1.25 per share, and warrants to purchase an aggregate of 316,800 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $1.75 per share. The Investors are current stockholders of the Company. Interest accrues on the Notes at a rate of 10% per annum and is payable upon the earlier of conversion or maturity of the Notes. The Notes mature on June 25, 2010, and the Warrants expire on June 25, 2015. The Notes and Warrants are not convertible or exercisable until the Company implements a reverse stock split, which requires the approval of its stockholders and the effectiveness of an amendment (the “Amendment”) to its Articles of Organization to effect the reverse stock split. The closing of the sale of the Notes and Warrants occurred on June 25, 2008.

 

The Purchase Agreement contains customary representations and warranties of the Company and the Investors, and the Notes contain customary covenants binding on the Company and customary events of default. If an event of default occurs and is uncured within the allowable grace period, if any, the Investors may declare all amounts under the Notes immediately due and payable and may pursue any other available remedies.

 

The Notes are secured by a pledge of the Company’s assets under the terms of a Pledge and Security Agreement and the security documents ancillary thereto.

 

Pursuant to a Registration Rights Agreement entered into with the Investors on June 25, 2008, the Company has agreed to file a registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission by the earlier of (i) two days following the effectiveness of the Amendment and (ii) December 15, 2008, to register the resale of the common stock issuable upon the conversion of the Notes and the exercise of the Warrants, plus the common stock issuable in lieu of cash interest on the Notes. The Company has also agreed to use its commercially reasonable efforts to have the registration statement declared effective as soon as practicable after filing and has agreed to take certain other actions related to the effectiveness of the registration statement.

 

The 10% senior secured convertible notes consist of the following:

 

 

 

June 30, 
2008

 

June 30, 
2007

 

10 % Senior Secured Convertible Notes issued on June 25, 2008, convertible into common stock at $1.25 per share, bearing interest at 10% per annum. Outstanding principal and accrued interest are due at maturity, June 25, 2010.

 

$

600,000

 

$

 

Accrued interest – 10% coupon

 

833

 

 

Unamortized discount

 

(590,529

)

 

 

 

$

10,304

 

$

 

 

Upon issuance of the Notes and Warrants, the proceeds of $600,000 were allocated between the Notes and  Warrants based on relative fair values. The value of the Warrants was recorded as a discount to the Notes, with a corresponding increase to additional paid-in capital.The fair value of the Warrants was determined using the Black-Scholes method, with the following assumptions:

 

Expected life

 

7 years

 

Risk-free rate

 

4.84

%

Expected Dividends

 

0.00

%

Volatility factor

 

154

%

 

In accordance with EITF 00-27, Application of EITF Issue No. 98-5, “Accounting for Convertible Securities with Beneficial Conversion Features or Contingently Adjustable Conversion Ratios,” the proceeds from the issuance of the 10% senior secured convertible notes were first allocated between the Notes and the Warrants. The value of the

 

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PRECISION OPTICS CORPORATION, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

conversion feature was then calculated, which resulted in an effective conversion ratio that was less than the market price of the Company’s common stock. The intrinsic value of this beneficial conversion feature was recorded as a further discount to the Notes, equal to the difference between the effective conversion ratio and the market price of the Company’s common stock, with a corresponding increase to additional paid-in capital.

 

The following summarizes the discount on 10% senior secured convertible notes as of June 30:

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Discount – beginning balance

 

$

 

$

 

Proceeds allocated to warrants

 

399,000

 

 

Beneficial conversion feature – intrinsic value

 

201,000

 

 

Less: amortization of discount

 

(9,471

)

 

Discount – ending balance

 

$

590,529

 

$

 

 

(3)          COMMITMENTS

 

(a)          Related Party Transactions

 

The Company leases one of its facilities from a corporation owned by an officer-director-shareholder of the Company. The Company is currently a tenant-at-will, paying rent of $9,000 per month. Total rent expense paid to related parties was $108,000 in each of fiscal years 2008 and 2007, and is included in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

 

The Company paid or accrued fees to a director of $60,000 in each of fiscal years 2008 and 2007 for consulting services.

 

Another director is a former partner in a law firm that has performed legal services for the Company during fiscal 2008 and 2007 totaling approximately $151,000 and $217,000, respectively. This director retired from his position as a member of the Board of Directors of the Company, effective at the close of business on June 28, 2007.

 

(b)          Operating Lease Commitments

 

The Company has entered into operating leases for its office space and equipment that expire at various dates through fiscal year 2009. Total future minimum rental payments under all non-cancelable operating leases are approximately $33,800 in fiscal 2009 and $7,500 thereafter.

 

Rent expense on operating leases, excluding the related party rent described above, was approximately $46,900 and $47,500 for the years ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

 

(4)          STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

 

(a)          Stock Options

 

Stock-based compensation costs recognized for the year ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, included compensation costs for awards granted prior to, but not yet vested as of July 1, 2006 (adoption date), as well as any new grants issued after July 1, 2006. Total costs recognized during the year ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 amounted to $108,242 and $190,926, respectively, and were included in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations in: (1) selling, general and administrative expenses (2008 - $83,161; 2007 - $164,831), cost of goods sold (2008 - $18,635; 2007 - $19,435), and research and development expenses, net (2008 - $6,446; 2007 - $6,660). No compensation has been capitalized because such amounts would have been immaterial. There was no net income tax

 

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PRECISION OPTICS CORPORATION, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

benefit recognized related to such compensation for the years ended June 30, 2008 or 2007, as the Company is currently in a loss position. The total amount of options granted during the year ended June 30, 2008 was 1,200.

 

As of June 30, 2008, the unrecognized compensation costs related to options vesting will be primarily recognized over a period of approximately 3 years:

 

OPTIONS

 

2009

 

2010

 

2011

 

TOTAL

 

Compensation Expense

 

$

80,018

 

$

16,930

 

$

16,930

 

$

113,878

 

 

On November 10, 2005, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position SFAS 123R-3, Transition Election Related to Accounting for Tax Effects of Share-Based Payment Awards. The Company has elected to adopt the alternative transition method provided by the FASB Staff Position for calculating the tax effects (if any) of stock-based compensation expense pursuant to SFAS 123(R). The alternative transition method includes simplified methods to establish the beginning balance of the additional paid-in capital pool related to the tax effects of employee stock-based compensation, and to determine the subsequent impact to the additional paid-in capital pool and the consolidated statement of operation and cash flows of the tax effects of employee stock-based compensation awards that are outstanding upon adoption of SFAS 123(R).

 

Upon adoption of SFAS 123(R), in accordance with Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107, Share-Based Payment the Company selected the Black-Scholes option-pricing model as the most appropriate method for determining the estimated fair value for the stock awards. The Black-Scholes method of valuation requires several assumptions: (1) the expected term of the stock award, (2) the expected future stock volatility over the expected term and (3) risk-free interest rate. The expected term represents the expected period of time the Company believes the options will be outstanding based on historical information. Estimates of expected future stock price volatility are based on the historic volatility of the Company’s common stock and the risk free interest rate is based on the U.S. Zero-Bond rate. The Company utilizes a forfeiture rate based on an analysis of the Company’s actual experience. The fair value of options at date of grant was estimated with the following assumptions:

 

 

 

Years Ended

 

 

 

June
30, 2008

 

June
30, 2007

 

Assumptions:

 

 

 

 

 

Option life

 

5.3 years

 

5.3 years

 

Risk-free interest rate

 

4.84

%

4.67

%

Stock volatility

 

147

%

108

%

Dividend yield

 

-0-

 

-0-

 

Weighted average fair value of grants

 

$

0.29

 

$

0.22

 

 

Stock Option and Other Compensation Plans:

 

The type of share-based payments currently utilized by the Company is stock options.

 

The Company has various stock option and other compensation plans for directors, officers, and employees. The Company has the following stock option plans outstanding as of June 30, 2008: Amended and Restated 1997 Incentive Plan and the 2006 Equity Incentive Plan. Vesting periods are at the discretion of the Board of Directors and typically average five years. Options under these plans are granted at fair market value and have a term of ten years from the date of grant.

 

During fiscal 2007, the stockholders approved an equity incentive plan (the “2006 Incentive Plan”), which provides eligible participants (certain employees, directors, consultants, etc.) the opportunity to receive a broad variety of equity based and cash awards. Options granted vest and are exercisable for periods determined by the Board of Directors, not to exceed 10 years from the date of grant. A total of 139,898 shares of common stock have been

 

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

reserved for issuance under the 2006 Incentive Plan. At June 30, 2008, a total of 2,800 stock options are outstanding and 137,098 shares of common stock were available for future grants under the 2006 Incentive Plan.

 

During fiscal 1998, the stockholders approved an incentive plan (the “1997 Incentive Plan”), which provided eligible participants (certain employees, directors, consultants, etc.) the opportunity to receive a broad variety of equity based and cash awards. Options granted vest and are exercisable for periods determined by the Board of Directors, not to exceed 10 years from the date of grant. Options for a total of 94,432 shares of common stock are outstanding at June 30, 2008 under the 1997 Incentive Plan, as amended and restated in fiscal year 2006. Prior to the adoption of the 2006 Incentive Plan, 9,000 stock options were granted in fiscal year 2007 under the 1997 Incentive Plan. Upon the adoption of the 2006 Incentive Plan, no new awards were granted under the 1997 Plan. No shares are available for future grants under the Company’s 1997 Stock Option Plan.

 

The following tables summarize stock option activity for the two years ended June 30, 2008:

 

 

 

Options Outstanding

 

 

 

Number of
Shares

 

Weighted Average
Exercise Price

 

Weighted Average
Contractual Life

 

Outstanding at June 30, 2006

 

91,135

 

$

16.50

 

9.86 years

 

Grants

 

10,600

 

6.75

 

 

 

Exercises

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cancellations

 

(400

)

13.75

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Outstanding at June 30, 2007

 

101,335

 

$

15.50

 

8.57 years

 

Grants

 

1,200

 

7.75

 

 

 

Exercises

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cancellations

 

(5,303

)

9.00

 

 

 

Outstanding at June 30, 2008

 

97,232

 

$

15.75

 

7.56 years

 

 

Information related to the stock options outstanding as of June 30, 2008 is as follows:

 

Range of
Exercise
Prices

 

Number of
Shares

 

Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life (years)

 

Weighted-
Average
Exercise Price

 

Exercisable
Number of
Shares

 

Exercisable
Weighted-
Average
Exercise Price

 

$6.25

 

6,600

 

8.27

 

$

6.25

 

3,267

 

$

6.25

 

$7.75

 

1,200

 

9.42

 

7.75

 

1,200

 

7.75

 

$11.50

 

800

 

7.42

 

11.50

 

800

 

11.50

 

$13.75

 

51,272

 

7.86

 

13.75

 

39,996

 

13.75

 

$20.75

 

37,360

 

 

 

20.75

 

37,360

 

20.75

 

$6.25-$20.75

 

97,232

 

7.56

 

$

15.75

 

82,623

 

$

16.50

 

 

The aggregate intrinsic value of the Company’s “in-the-money” outstanding and exercisable options as of June 30, 2008 was $0 and $0, respectively.

 

On June 13, 2005 the Company issued options to purchase 37,360 shares (“Performance Options”) of common stock at an exercise price of $20.75 per share. At the date of issuance, 30% of the options vested immediately, and the remaining options were subject to vesting upon the achievement of certain financial milestones by the Company. During fiscal 2007, certain of these milestones were met, and an additional 35% of the options vested as of July 31, 2007. During the first quarter of fiscal year 2008, the additional milestones were met, and the remaining 35% of the options vested on October 31, 2007.

 

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

(b)          Sale of Stock

 

In February 2007, the Company completed a private placement with institutional and other accredited investors pursuant to which it sold an aggregate of 400,000 shares of common stock, at a price of $6.25 per share and warrants to purchase an aggregate of 400,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $8.00 per share. In conjunction with the issuance by the Company of senior convertible notes and warrants on June 25, 2008, certain anti-dilution provisions of the existing warrants were triggered. As a result, the number of existing warrants was increased from 400,000 to 581,821 and the related exercise price was decreased from $8.00 per share to $5.50 per share. Net cash proceeds to the Company (after offering costs of $123,784) were $2,376,216. On March 16, 2007, in order to fulfill its contractual obligations, the Company filed a registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission, under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, to register for resale the shares of common stock issued and the shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of the warrants sold in this private placement. The Company’s registration statement on Form SB-2 covering the securities sold in the private placement was declared effective on March 23, 2007. The Company is obligated to keep the registration statement effective until the earlier of (i) such time as all of the shares covered by the prospectus have been sold or (ii) the date on which the shares may be resold pursuant to Rule 144(k) of the Securities Act of 1933 (the “Securities Act”). Except in the event of adverse market conditions and certain permitted delays, if the Company fails to maintain the effectiveness of the prospectus then it will be required to pay liquidated damages to the holders of shares registered there under in an amount equal to 1.0% of the aggregate amount invested by such holder for each 30-day period or pro rata for any portion thereof following the date by which such prospectus should have been effective.

 

In April 2006, the Company completed a private placement, issuing 338,000 shares of common stock. Net cash proceeds (after offering costs of $49,725) to the Company were $2,062,775. On July 25, 2006, in order to fulfill its contractual obligations, the Company filed a registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission, under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, to register for resale the shares of common stock sold in this private placement. The Company’s registration statement on Form SB-2 covering the securities sold in this private placement was declared effective on August 14, 2006. The Company is obligated to keep the registration statement effective until the earlier of (i) two years after the date of the closing of the private placement, (ii) the date on which the shares may be resold by the purchasers without registration by reason of Rule 144(k) under the Securities Act or any other rule of similar effect; or (iii) such time as all shares purchased by such stockholders have been sold.

 

(c)          Warrants

 

In conjunction with the sale of the 10% Senior Secured Convertible Notes on June 25, 2008 mentioned above, the Company issued warrants to purchase an aggregate of 316,800 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $1.75 per share. The Warrants expire on June 25, 2015 and are not exercisable until the Company implements a reverse stock split, which requires the approval of its stockholders and the effectiveness of an amendment to its Articles of Organization to effect the reverse stock split.

 

(5)          INCOME TAXES

 

The provision for income taxes in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations consists of the minimum statutory state income tax liability of $912 and $914 for the years ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

 

A reconciliation of the federal statutory rate to the Company’s effective tax rate for the two years ended June 30 is as follows:

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

Income tax benefit at federal statutory rate

 

(34.0

)%

(34.0

)%

 

 

 

 

 

 

Increase (decrease) in tax resulting from- State taxes, net of federal benefit

 

(6.8

)

(5.6

)

Change in valuation allowance

 

43.0

 

42.3

 

Nondeductible items

 

1.1

 

0.6

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other

 

(3.2

)

(3.3

)

Effective tax rate

 

0.1

%

0.0

%

 

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PRECISION OPTICS CORPORATION, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

The components of deferred tax assets and liabilities at June 30, 2008 and 2007 are approximately as follows:

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

Deferred tax assets:

 

 

 

 

 

Net operating loss carry forwards

 

$

2,035,000

 

$

1,510,000

 

Tax credit carry forwards

 

96,000

 

58,000

 

Reserves and accruals not yet deducted for tax purposes

 

151,000

 

17,000

 

Total deferred tax assets

 

2,282,000

 

1,585,000

 

Valuation allowance

 

(2,282,000

)

(1,585,000

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net deferred tax asset

 

$

 

$

 

 

The Company has provided a valuation allowance to reduce the net deferred tax asset to an amount the Company believes is “more likely than not” to be realized. The valuation allowance decreased in fiscal 2008 by approximately $697,000.

 

At June 30, 2008, the Company had federal and state net operating loss carry forwards of approximately $4,400,000 and $4,100,000, respectively, which will, if not used, expire at various dates from 2009 through 2027. In addition, the Company had net operating loss carry forwards from its Hong Kong operations of approximately $1,500,000, which carry forward indefinitely.

 

(6)         PROFIT SHARING PLAN

 

The Company has a defined contribution 401K profit sharing plan. Employer profit sharing and matching contributions to the plan are discretionary. No employer profit sharing contributions were made to the plan in fiscal years 2008 and 2007. Employer matching contributions to the plan amounted to $17,473 and $42,335 for fiscal years 2008 and 2007, respectively.

 

(7)         CASH SURRENDER VALUE OF LIFE INSURANCE POLICIES

 

The Company maintains a whole life insurance policy for a senior executive, which policy is recorded at its cash surrender value. As of June 30, 2008 and June 30, 2007, the cash surrender value of these policies is $5,465 and $4,438, respectively.

 

(8)          SALE OF PRODUCT LINE

 

On January 18, 2008, the Company entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement for the sale of its custom optical thin film product line and completed the sale on the same date. The assets sold include equipment, certain inventory, intellectual property, and a customer list. The purchase price was $250,000, and the Company will also receive a royalty of 25% of revenues exceeding $300,000 annually from the purchased customer list for a three-year period. The Company recognized a gain of $210,549 from the sale of the product line, recorded in the quarter ended March 31, 2008.

 

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PRECISION OPTICS CORPORATION, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

(9)          SUBSEQUENT EVENT

 

Effective as of the open of business on December 11, 2008, the Company effected a reverse stock split of its common stock, par value $0.01 per share. Every twenty-five shares of common stock were reclassified and combined into one share of common stock, and the Company’s stock ticker symbol on the OTCBB was changed from POCI.OB to PEYE.OB.  No fractional shares were issued as a result of the reverse stock split.  Instead, each resulting fractional share of common stock was rounded up to one whole share.  The reverse stock split reduced the number of shares of common stock outstanding from 25,458,212 to 1,018,411.  The total number of authorized shares of common stock continued to be 50,000,000 and the par value per share of the common stock continued to be $0.01.

 

All shares and per share data in the accompanying consolidated financial statements reflect the effects of the 1-for-25 reverse stock split that became effective on December 11, 2008.  In addition, capital stock has been decreased by $244,398, with a corresponding increase to paid-in capital to reflect the adjusted number of shares of $0.01 par value common stock outstanding as a result of the 1-for-25 reverse stock split.

 

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PRECISION OPTICS CORPORATION, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(UNAUDITED)

 

 

 

September 30,
2008

 

June 30,
2008

 

ASSETS

 

 

 

 

 

CURRENT ASSETS

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

$

634,692

 

$

885,988

 

Accounts Receivable, net

 

373,268

 

387,224

 

Inventories, net

 

624,585

 

608,431

 

Prepaid Expenses

 

15,990

 

36,749

 

Total Current Assets

 

1,648,535

 

1,918,392

 

PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

 

 

 

 

 

Machinery and Equipment

 

2,352,634

 

2,352,634

 

Leasehold Improvements

 

553,596

 

553,596

 

Furniture and Fixtures

 

149,738

 

149,738

 

Vehicles

 

42,343

 

42,343

 

 

 

3,098,311

 

3,098,311

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Less: Accumulated Depreciation

 

(2,946,944

)

(2,935,922

)

Net Property and Equipment

 

151,367

 

162,389

 

OTHER ASSETS

 

 

 

 

 

Cash surrender value of life insurance policies

 

5,465

 

5,465

 

Patents, net

 

191,034

 

195,391

 

Total Other Assets

 

196,499

 

200,856

 

TOTAL ASSETS

 

$

1,996,401

 

$

2,281,637

 

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

 

 

 

 

 

CURRENT LIABILITIES

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts Payable

 

$

404,572

 

$

364,409

 

Customer Advances

 

21,543

 

91,105

 

Accrued Employee Compensation

 

320,368

 

293,497

 

Accrued Professional Services

 

39,922

 

94,312

 

Accrued Warranty Expense

 

25,000

 

25,000

 

Other Accrued Liabilities

 

 

912

 

Total Current Liabilities

 

811,405

 

869,235

 

10% Senior Secured Convertible Notes

 

195,779

 

10,304

 

STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

 

 

 

 

 

Common Stock, $0.01 par value -

 

 

 

 

 

Authorized - 50,000,000 shares

 

 

 

 

 

Issued and Outstanding - 1,018,411 shares at September 30, 2008 and at June 30, 2008

 

10,184

 

10,184

 

Additional Paid-in Capital

 

38,163,715

 

38,149,655

 

Accumulated Deficit

 

(37,184,682

)

(36,757,741

)

Total Stockholders’ Equity

 

989,217

 

1,402,098

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

 

$

1,996,401

 

$

2,281,637

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

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PRECISION OPTICS CORPORATION, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED

SEPTEMBER 30, 2008 AND 2007

(UNAUDITED)

 

 

 

Three Months
Ended September 30,

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

Revenues

 

$

659,735

 

$

1,101,728

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cost of Goods Sold

 

355,593

 

795,434

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gross Profit

 

304,142

 

306,294

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Research and Development Expenses, net

 

176,610

 

302,433

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

 

371,949

 

475,512

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total Operating Expenses

 

548,559

 

777,945

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Operating Loss

 

(244,417

)

(471,651

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest Income

 

2,951

 

4,803

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest Expense

 

(185,475

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net Loss

 

$

(426,941

)

$

(466,848

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Loss Per Share - Basic and Diluted

 

$

(0.42

)

$

(0.46

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding - Basic and Diluted

 

1,018,411

 

1,018,411

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

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PRECISION OPTICS CORPORATION, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED

SEPTEMBER 30, 2008 AND 2007

(UNAUDITED)

 

 

 

Three Months
Ended September 30,

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:

 

 

 

 

 

Net Loss

 

$

(426,941

)

$

(466,848

)

Adjustments to Reconcile Net Loss to Net Cash Used In Operating Activities -

 

 

 

 

 

Depreciation and Amortization

 

18,036

 

27,847

 

Stock-based Compensation Expense

 

14,060

 

27,474

 

Non-cash Interest Expense

 

185,475

 

 

Changes in Operating Assets and Liabilities-

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts Receivable, net

 

13,956

 

144,069

 

Inventories

 

(16,154

)

205,140

 

Prepaid Expenses

 

20,759

 

18,344

 

Accounts Payable

 

40,163

 

(124,012

)

Customer Advances

 

(69,562

)

 

Other Accrued Expenses

 

(28,431

)

(84,547

)

Net Cash Used In Operating Activities

 

(248,639

)

(252,533

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:

 

 

 

 

 

Purchases of Property and Equipment

 

 

(22,045

)

Increase in Other Assets

 

(2,657

)

(25,872

)

Net Cash Used In Investing Activities

 

(2,657

)

(47,917

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

NET DECREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

 

(251,296

)

(300,450

)

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING OF PERIOD

 

885,988

 

840,179

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, END OF PERIOD

 

$

634,692

 

$

539,729

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION:

 

 

 

 

 

Cash Paid for-

 

 

 

 

 

Income Taxes

 

$

 

$

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

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PRECISION OPTICS CORPORATION, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

 

1.   SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

 

Principles of Consolidation and Operations

 

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Precision Optics Corporation, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

 

These consolidated financial statements have been prepared by the Company, without audit, and reflect normal recurring adjustments which, in the opinion of management, are necessary for a fair statement of the results of the first quarter of the Company’s fiscal year 2009. These consolidated financial statements do not include all disclosures associated with annual consolidated financial statements and, accordingly, should be read in conjunction with footnotes contained in the Company’s consolidated financial statements for the year ended June 30, 2008 together with the Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm filed under cover of the Company’s 2008 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

The Company has sustained recurring net losses and negative cash flows from operations for several years. During the quarter ended September 30, 2008, the Company incurred a net loss of $426,941 and used cash in operations of $248,639. As of September 30, 2008, cash and cash equivalents were $634,692, accounts receivable were $373,268 and current liabilities were $811,405, resulting in a net liquid asset amount of $196,555.  These factors raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.  The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business.  The financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts or the amounts and classification of liabilities that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.  During the latter part of fiscal year 2008, the Company implemented plans to reduce costs and to streamline operations in an effort to reduce net losses.  This has resulted in an increase in gross profit and simultaneous decreases in operating expenses, thereby reducing losses substantially, particularly in the third and fourth quarters of fiscal year 2008.  The Company believes that the recent introduction of several new products, along with new and on-going customer relationships, will generate additional revenues, which are required in order for the Company to achieve profitability. If these additional revenues are not achieved on a timely basis, the Company will be required and is prepared to implement further cost reduction measures, as necessary.

 

The Company has incurred quarter to quarter operating losses during its recent efforts to develop current products including endoscopes, image couplers, beamsplitters, thin film coatings, night vision and micro-optic lenses, prisms and assemblies for various applications and utilizing a number of proprietary and patent-pending technologies including Lenslock TM endoscope and micro-precision TM lens technologies. Management expects that such operating losses will continue through fiscal year 2009, and until sales increase to breakeven and profitable levels. Management also believes that the opportunities represented by these products have the potential to generate sales increases to achieve breakeven and profitable results. The Company will continue its review of other expense areas to determine where additional reductions in discretionary spending can be achieved. There can be no assurance that the Company’s operating plans will be successful, and if so required, that the Company will be successful in obtaining the capital necessary to continue ongoing operations.

 

In February 2007, the Company completed a private placement, pursuant to which it sold an aggregate of 400,000 shares of common stock and warrants to purchase an aggregate of 400,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $8.00 per share. Net cash proceeds to the Company (after offering costs of $123,784) were $2,376,216.  In June 2008, the Company issued Senior Secured Convertible Notes and Warrants, raising cash proceeds of $600,000.

 

During the past year, the introduction of several new products, along with new and on-going customer relationships, has resulted in significant revenue growth. The Company believes that with continued promotion, these opportunities have the potential to continue the general trend of increasing revenues, which, along with enhanced

 

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operations are required in order for the Company to achieve profitability.  All shares and per share data reflect the effects of a 1-for-25 reverse stock split that became effective on December 11, 2008.

 

Use of Estimates

 

The preparation of these consolidated financial statements requires the Company to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

 

Loss Per Share

 

Basic loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. For the three months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, the effect of stock options and warrants was antidilutive; therefore, they were not included in the computation of diluted loss per share. The number of shares issuable upon the exercise of outstanding stock options and warrants that were excluded from the computation as their effect would be antidilutive were approximately 990,813 and 501,303 for the three months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

 

Revenue Recognition

 

The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with Securities and Exchange Commission Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 104, Revenue Recognition (“SAB No. 104”) which requires that four basic criteria must be met before revenue can be recognized: (1) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists; (2) delivery has occurred or services rendered; (3) the price to the buyer is fixed or determinable; and (4) collectibility is reasonably assured. The Company’s shipping terms are customarily FOB shipping point. The Company’s revenue recognition practices comply with the guidance in the bulletin.

 

Inventories

 

The Company provides for estimated obsolescence on unmarketable inventory based upon assumptions about future demand and market conditions. If actual demand and market conditions are less favorable than those projected by management, additional inventory write-downs may be required. Inventory, once written down, is not subsequently written back up, as these adjustments are considered permanent adjustments to the carrying value of the inventory.

 

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and Long-Lived Assets to be Disposed of

 

The Company accounts for impairment of long-lived assets in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets. This statement requires that long-lived assets and certain identifiable intangibles be reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to undiscounted future net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets. Assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less estimated costs to sell.

 

Income Taxes

 

Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on

 

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deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.

 

In assessing the likelihood of utilization of existing deferred tax assets, management has considered historical results of operations and the current operating environment. Based on this evaluation, a full valuation reserve has been provided for the deferred tax assets.

 

Stock-Based Compensation

 

On July 1, 2006, the Company adopted SFAS No. 123(R), Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation (“SFAS No. 123(R)”), which requires the measurement and recognition of all compensation costs for all stock-based awards made to employees and the Board of Directors based upon fair value over the requisite service period for awards expected to vest.

 

SFAS 123(R) requires the Company to estimate the fair value of stock based awards on the date of grant using an option pricing model. The Company adopted SFAS 123(R) using the modified prospective transition method which required the application of the accounting standard starting July 1, 2006, the first day of the Company’s fiscal year 2007. Prior period information has not been restated to reflect the fair value method of expensing stock-based awards.

 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

 

In May 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 162, The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“SFAS No. 162”). SFAS No. 162 identifies the sources of accounting principles and provides entities with a framework for selecting the principles used in preparation of financial statements that are presented in conformity with GAAP. The current GAAP hierarchy has been criticized because it is directed to the auditor rather than the entity, it is complex, and it ranks FASB Statements of Financial Accounting Concepts, which are subject to the same level of due process as FASB Statements of Financial Accounting Standards, below industry practices that are widely recognized as generally accepted but that are not subject to due process. The FASB believes the GAAP hierarchy should be directed to entities because it is the entity (not its auditors) that is responsible for selecting accounting principles for financial statements that are presented in conformity with GAAP. The adoption of FASB 162 is not expected to have any impact on the Company’s financial position.

 

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements, an amendment of ARB No. 51” (“SFAS 160”). SFAS 160 introduces significant changes in the accounting and reporting for business acquisitions and noncontrolling interest (“NCI”) in a subsidiary. SFAS 160 also changes the accounting and reporting for the deconsolidation of a subsidiary. Companies are required to adopt the new standard for fiscal years beginning after January 1, 2009. The Company expects the adoption of this standard will have no impact on its consolidated financial statements.

 

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141 (revised 2007), Business Combinations (SFAS No. 141(R)), which replaces SFAS No. 141. SFAS No. 141(R) establishes principles and requirements for how an acquirer in a business combination recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any controlling interest; recognizes and measures the goodwill acquired in the business combination or a gain from a bargain purchase; and determines what information to disclose to enable users of the financial statements to evaluate the nature and financial effects of the business combination. SFAS No. 141(R) is to be applied prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after an entity’s fiscal year that begins after December 15, 2008; July 1, 2009 for the Company. The impact of this Statement on the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows will be dependent on the terms, conditions and details of such acquisitions.

 

In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities , which allows the Company to choose to measure selected financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected are reported in earnings. SFAS No. 159 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007; July 1, 2008 for the Company. The

 

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Company is in the process of evaluating the impact of this authoritative guidance on its consolidated financial statements.

 

In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements, which provides a single definition of fair value, and requires additional disclosure about the use of fair value to measure assets and liabilities. SFAS No. 157 emphasizes that fair value is a market-based measurement defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Thus, SFAS No. 157 adheres to a definition of fair value based upon exit price as opposed to entry price, i.e. the price paid to acquire an asset or liability. This pronouncement is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007; July 1, 2008 for the Company. The Company is in the process of evaluating the impact of this authoritative guidance on its consolidated financial statements.

 

2. INVENTORIES

 

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out) or market and consist of the following:

 

 

 

September 30,
2008

 

June 30, 
2008

 

Raw Materials

 

$

329,234

 

$

347,298

 

Work-In-Progress

 

232,593

 

177,464

 

Finished Goods

 

62,758

 

83,669

 

Total Inventories

 

$

624,585

 

$

608,431

 

 

3. 10% SENIOR SECURED CONVERTIBLE NOTES

 

The 10% Senior Secured Convertible Notes consist of the following:

 

 

 

September
30, 2008

 

June 30,
2008

 

10% Senior Secured Convertible Notes issued on June 25, 2008, convertible into common stock at $1.25 per share, bearing interest at 10% per annum. Outstanding principal and accrued interest are due at maturity, June 25, 2010.

 

$

600,000

 

$

600,000

 

Accrued interest – 10% coupon

 

15,833

 

833

 

Unamortized discount

 

(420,054

)

(590,529

)

 

 

$

195,779

 

$

10,304

 

 

In June 2008, the Company issued Senior Secured Convertible Notes and Warrants, raising cash proceeds of $600,000.  The proceeds were allocated between the Notes and Warrants based on relative fair values. The value of the Warrants was recorded as a discount to the Notes, with a corresponding increase to additional paid-in capital. The fair value of the Warrants was determined using the Black-Scholes method, with the following assumptions:

 

Expected life

 

7 years

 

Risk-free rate

 

4.84

%

Expected Dividends

 

0.00

%

Volatility factor

 

154

%

 

In accordance with EITF 00-27, Application of EITF Issue No. 98-5, “Accounting for Convertible Securities with Beneficial Conversion Features or Contingently Adjustable Conversion Ratios,” the proceeds from the issuance of the 10% Senior Secured Convertible Notes were first allocated between the Notes and the Warrants. The value of the conversion feature was then calculated, which resulted in an effective conversion ratio that was less than the market price of the Company’s common stock. The intrinsic value of this beneficial conversion feature was recorded as a further discount to the Notes, equal to the difference between the effective conversion ratio and the market price of the Company’s common stock, with a corresponding increase to additional paid-in capital.

 

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The following summarizes the discount on 10% Senior Secured Convertible Notes:

 

 

 

September 30,
2008

 

June 30,
2008

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Discount – beginning balance

 

$

590,529

 

$

 

Proceeds allocated to warrants

 

 

399,000

 

Beneficial conversion feature – intrinsic value

 

 

201,000

 

Less: amortization of discount

 

(170,475

)

(9,471

)

Discount – ending balance

 

$

420,054

 

$

590,529

 

 

4.   STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

 

The Company accounts for stock based compensation in accordance with SFAS No. 123(R), Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation (“SFAS No. 123(R)”), which requires the measurement and recognition of all compensation costs for all stock-based awards made to employees and the Board of Directors based upon fair value over the requisite service period for awards expected to vest.

 

SFAS 123(R) requires the Company to estimate the fair value of stock-based awards on the date of grant using an option pricing model. The Company adopted SFAS 123(R) using the modified prospective transition method which required the application of the accounting standard starting July 1, 2006, the first day of the Company’s fiscal year 2007.

 

Stock-based compensation costs recognized during the three month periods ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 amounted to $14,060 and $27,474, respectively, and was included in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations in: (1) selling, general and administrative expenses (2008 - $9,808; 2007 - $22,014), cost of goods sold (2008 - $3,563; 2007 - $4,061), and research and development expenses, net (2008 - $689; 2007 - $1,399).  No compensation has been capitalized because such amounts would have been immaterial. There was no net income tax benefit recognized related to such compensation for the three month periods ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, as the Company is currently in a loss position. There were no options granted during the three month periods ended September 30, 2008 and 2007.

 

As of September 30, 2008, the unrecognized compensation costs related to options vesting will be primarily recognized over a period of approximately 3 years:

 

OPTIONS

 

2009

 

2010

 

2011

 

Total

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Compensation Expense

 

$

56,843

 

$

12,703

 

$

12,703

 

$

82,249

 

 

On November 10, 2005, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position SFAS 123R-3, Transition Election Related to Accounting for Tax Effects of Share-Based Payment Awards.   The Company has elected to adopt the alternative transition method provided by the FASB Staff Position for calculating the tax effects (if any) of stock-based compensation expense pursuant to SFAS 123(R). The alternative transition method includes simplified methods to establish the beginning balance of the additional paid-in capital pool related to the tax effects of employee stock-based compensation, and to determine the subsequent impact to the additional paid-in capital pool and the consolidated statements of operations and cash flows of the tax effects of employee stock-based compensation awards that are outstanding upon adoption of SFAS 123(R).

 

Upon adoption of SFAS 123(R), in accordance with Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107, Share-Based Payment, the Company selected the Black-Scholes option pricing model as the most appropriate method for determining the estimated fair value for the stock awards. The Black-Scholes method of valuation requires several assumptions: (1) the expected term of the stock award, (2) the expected future stock volatility over the expected term and (3) risk-free interest rate. The expected term represents the expected period of time the Company believes the options will be outstanding based on historical information. Estimates of expected future stock price volatility are based on the historic volatility of the Company’s common stock and the risk free interest rate is based on the U.S. Zero-Bond

 

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rate. The Company utilizes a forfeiture rate based on an analysis of the Company’s actual experience. The fair value of options at date of grant was estimated with the following assumptions:

 

 

 

Year Ended

 

 

 

June 30, 2008

 

June 30, 2007

 

Assumptions:

 

 

 

 

 

Option life

 

5.3 years

 

5.3 years

 

Risk-free interest rate

 

4.84

%

4.67

%

Stock volatility

 

147

%

108

%

Dividend yield

 

-0-

 

-0-

 

Weighted average fair value of grants

 

$

7.25

 

$

5.50

 

 

Stock Option and Other Compensation Plans:

 

The type of stock-based payments currently utilized by the Company is stock options.

 

The Company has various stock option and other compensation plans for directors, officers, and employees. The Company has the following stock option plans outstanding as of September 30, 2008: the Amended and Restated 1997 Incentive Plan and the 2006 Equity Incentive Plan. Vesting periods are at the discretion of the Board of Directors and typically average five years. Options under these plans are granted at fair market value and have a term of ten years from the date of grant.

 

During fiscal 2007, the stockholders approved an equity incentive plan (the “2006 Incentive Plan”), which provides eligible participants (certain employees, directors, consultants, etc.) the opportunity to receive a broad variety of equity based and cash awards. Options granted vest and are exercisable for periods determined by the Board of Directors, not to exceed 10 years from the date of grant. A total of 139,898 shares of common stock have been reserved for issuance under the 2006 Incentive Plan. At September 30, 2008, a total of 2,800 stock options were outstanding and 137,098 shares of common stock were available for future grants under the 2006 Incentive Plan.

 

During fiscal 1998, the stockholders approved an equity incentive plan (the “1997 Incentive Plan”), which provided eligible participants (certain employees, directors, consultants, etc.) the opportunity to receive a broad variety of equity based and cash awards. Options granted vest and are exercisable for periods determined by the Board of Directors, not to exceed 10 years from the date of grant. Options for a total of 89,178 shares of common stock were outstanding at September 30, 2008 under the 1997 Incentive Plan, as amended and restated in fiscal year 2006. Prior to the adoption of the 2006 Incentive Plan, 9,000 stock options were granted in fiscal year 2007 under the 1997 Incentive Plan. Upon the adoption of the 2006 Incentive Plan, no new awards were granted under the 1997 Plan. No shares are available for future grants under the Company’s 1997 Incentive Plan.

 

The following tables summarize stock option activity during the first three months of fiscal year 2009:

 

 

 

Options Outstanding

 

 

 

Number of
Shares

 

Weighted Average
Exercise Price

 

Weighted Average
Contractual Life

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Outstanding at June 30, 2008

 

97,232

 

$

15.75

 

7.56 years

 

Grants

 

 

 

 

 

 

Exercises

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cancellations

 

(5,254

)

6.50

 

 

 

Outstanding at September 30, 2008

 

91,978

 

$

16.25

 

$

7.27 years

 

 

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Information related to the stock options outstanding as of September 30, 2008 is as follows:

 

Range of Exercise Prices

 

Number of
Shares

 

Weighted-Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life (years)

 

Weighted-Average
Exercise Price

 

Exercisable
Number of
Shares

 

Exercisable
Weighted-Average
Exercise Price

 

$6.25

 

1,600

 

8.17

 

$

6.25

 

1,600

 

$

6.25

 

$7.50

 

1,200

 

9.16

 

7.50

 

1,200

 

7.50

 

$11.50

 

800

 

7.17

 

11.50

 

800

 

11.50

 

$13.75

 

51,018

 

7.61

 

13.75

 

39,770

 

13.75

 

$20.75

 

37,360

 

6.71

 

20.75

 

37,360

 

20.75

 

$6.25-$20.75

 

91,978

 

7.27

 

$

16.25

 

80,730

 

$

16.75

 

 

The aggregate intrinsic value of the Company’s “in-the-money” outstanding and exercisable options as of June 30, 2008 was $0 and $0, respectively, and as of September 30, 2007 was $0 and $0, respectively.

 

5.   STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

 

Sale of Stock

 

In February 2007, the Company completed a private placement with institutional and other accredited investors pursuant to which it sold an aggregate of 400,000 shares of common stock, at a price of $6.25 per share and warrants to purchase an aggregate of 400,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $8.00 per share. In conjunction with the issuance by the Company of senior convertible notes and warrants on June 25, 2008, certain anti-dilution provisions of the existing warrants were triggered. As a result, the number of existing warrants was increased from 400,000 to 581,821 and the related exercise price was decreased from $8.00 per share to $5.50 per share. Net cash proceeds to the Company (after offering costs of $123,784) were $2,376,216. On March 16, 2007, in order to fulfill its contractual obligations, the Company filed a registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission, under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, (the “Securities Act”) to register for resale the shares of common stock issued and the shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of the warrants sold in this private placement. The Company’s registration statement on Form SB-2 covering the securities sold in the private placement was declared effective on March 23, 2007. The Company is obligated to keep the registration statement effective until the earlier of (i) such time as all of the shares covered by the prospectus have been sold or (ii) the date on which the shares may be resold without restriction pursuant to Rule 144 of the Securities Act. Except in the event of adverse market conditions and certain permitted delays, if the Company fails to maintain the effectiveness of the prospectus then it will be required to pay liquidated damages to the holders of shares registered thereunder in an amount equal to 1.0% of the aggregate amount invested by such holder for each 30-day period or pro rata for any portion thereof following the date by which such prospectus should have been effective.

 

Warrants

 

In conjunction with the sale of the 10% Senior Secured Convertible Notes on June 25, 2008 mentioned above, the Company issued Warrants to purchase an aggregate of 316,800 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $1.75 per share. The Warrants expire on June 25, 2015 and are not exercisable until the Company implements a reverse stock split, which requires the approval of its stockholders and the effectiveness of an amendment to its Articles of Organization to effect the reverse stock split.

 

6.                                        SUBSEQUENT EVENT

 

Effective as of the open of business on December 11, 2008, the Company effected a reverse stock split of its common stock, par value $0.01 per share.  Every twenty-five shares of common stock were reclassified and combined into one share of common stock, and the Company’s stock ticker symbol on the OTCBB was changed from POCI.OB to PEYE.OB.  No fractional shares were issued as a result of the reverse stock split.  Instead, each resulting fractional share of common stock was rounded up to one whole share.  The reverse stock split reduced the number of shares of common stock outstanding from 25,458,212 to 1,018,411.  The total number of authorized shares of common stock continued to be 50,000,000 and the par value per share of the common stock continued to be $0.01.

 

All shares and per share data in the accompanying consolidated financial statements reflect the effects of the 1-for-25 reverse stock split that became effective on December 11, 2008.  In addition, capital stock has been decreased by $44,398, with a corresponding increase to paid-in capital to reflect the adjusted number of shares of $0.01 par value common stock outstanding as a result of the 1-for-25 reverse stock split.

 

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

 

Introduction

 

The following is a discussion of our financial condition and results of operations. To the extent that our analysis contains statements that are not of a historical nature, these statements are forward-looking statements, which involve risks and uncertainties. The following should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

Cautionary Statement Concerning Forward-Looking Statements

 

This prospectus contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties.  You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements.  Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in the forward-looking statements for many reasons, including the risks described in this prospectus and other reports we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission.  Although we believe the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, they relate only to events as of the date on which the statements are made.  We do not intend to update any of the forward-looking statements after the date of this document to conform these statements to actual results or to changes in our expectations, except as required by law.

 

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the Financial Statements and Notes thereto, and other financial information included elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

Overview

 

We have been a developer and manufacturer of advanced optical instruments since 1982.  We design and produce high-quality micro-optics, medical instruments and other advanced optical systems.  Our medical instrumentation line includes laparoscopes, arthroscopes and endocouplers and a world-class product line of 3-D endoscopes for use in minimally invasive surgical procedures.

 

We are currently developing specialty instruments incorporating our Lenslock TM  technology (patent pending) that ensures lower cost, easier reparability and enhanced durability as compared to other design approaches used in the industry.  We are also aggressively pursuing ultra-small instruments, some with lenses less than one millimeter in diameter, utilizing micro-precision TM  lens technology (patent pending).

 

We are certified to the ISO 9001 and ISO 13485 Quality Standards and comply with the FDA Good Manufacturing Practices and the European Union Medical Device Directive for CE marking of our medical products. Our internet website is www.poci.com. Information contained on our website does not constitute part of this prospectus.

 

The areas in which we do business are highly competitive and include both foreign and domestic competitors. Many of our competitors are larger and have substantially greater resources than we do. Furthermore, other domestic or foreign companies, some with greater financial resources than we have, may seek to produce products or services that compete with ours. We routinely outsource specialized production efforts as required, both domestic and offshore, to obtain the most cost effective production. Over the years, we have achieved extensive experience with other optical specialists worldwide.

 

Since the 1990s we have maintained a Hong Kong subsidiary to support business and quality control activities as required throughout Asia. We believe that the cost savings from such production is essential to our ability to compete on a price basis in the medical products area particularly and to our profitability in general.

 

We believe that competition for sales of our medical products and services, which have been principally sold to original equipment manufacturer, or OEM, customers, is based on performance and other technical features, as well as other factors, such as scheduling and reliability, in addition to competitive price.

 

We believe that our future success depends to a large degree on our ability to continue to conceive and to develop new optical products and services to enhance the performance characteristics and methods of manufacture of

 

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existing products. Accordingly, we expect to continue to seek to obtain product-related design and development contracts with customers and to invest our own funds on research and development, to the extent funds are available.

 

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

 

General

 

Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations is based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, referred to as U.S. GAAP. The preparation of these consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

 

We believe the following critical accounting policies affect our more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.

 

Revenue Recognition

 

We recognize revenue in accordance with the Securities and Exchange Commission Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 104, Revenue Recognition in Financial Statements. SAB No. 104 requires that four basic criteria must be met before revenue can be recognized: (1) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists; (2) delivery has occurred or services rendered; (3) the price to the buyer is fixed or determinable; and (4) collectability is reasonably assured. Determination of criteria (3) and (4) are based on management’s judgments regarding the fixed nature of the price to the buyer charged for products delivered or services rendered and collectability of the sales price. We assess credit worthiness of customers based upon prior history with the customer and assessment of financial condition. Our shipping terms are customarily Free On Board, or FOB, shipping point.

 

Inventories

 

We provide for estimated obsolescence on unmarketable inventory based upon assumptions about future demand and market conditions. If actual demand and market conditions are less favorable than those projected by management, additional inventory write-downs may be required. Inventory, once written down, is not subsequently written back up, as these adjustments are considered permanent adjustments to the carrying value of the inventory.

 

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and Long-Lived Assets to be Disposed of

 

We account for impairment of long-lived assets in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets. This statement requires that long-lived assets and certain identifiable intangibles be reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to undiscounted future net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets. Assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less estimated costs to sell.

 

Income Taxes

 

Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carry forwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.

 

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In assessing the likelihood of utilization of existing deferred tax assets, management has considered historical results of operations and the current operating environment.

 

Stock-Based Compensation

 

On July 1, 2006, we adopted SFAS No. 123(R), Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation (“SFAS No. 123(R)”), which requires the measurement and recognition of all compensation costs for all stock-based awards made to employees and the Board of Directors based upon fair value over the requisite service period for awards expected to vest.

 

SFAS 123(R) requires us to estimate the fair value of share-based awards on the date of grant using an option pricing model. We adopted SFAS 123(R) using the modified prospective transition method which required the application of the accounting standard starting July 1, 2006, the first day of our fiscal year 2007. Prior period information has not been restated to reflect the fair value method of expensing share-based awards.

 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

 

In May 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 162, The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“SFAS No. 162”). SFAS No. 162 identifies the sources of accounting principles and provides entities with a framework for selecting the principles used in preparation of financial statements that are presented in conformity with GAAP. The current GAAP hierarchy has been criticized because it is directed to the auditor rather than the entity, it is complex, and it ranks FASB Statements of Financial Accounting Concepts, which are subject to the same level of due process as FASB Statements of Financial Accounting Standards, below industry practices that are widely recognized as generally accepted but that are not subject to due process. The FASB believes the GAAP hierarchy should be directed to entities because it is the entity (not its auditors) that is responsible for selecting accounting principles for financial statements that are presented in conformity with GAAP. We do not expect the adoption of FASB 162 to have any impact on our financial position.

 

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements, an amendment of ARB No. 51” (“SFAS 160”). SFAS 160 introduces significant changes in the accounting and reporting for business acquisitions and noncontrolling interest (“NCI”) in a subsidiary. SFAS 160 also changes the accounting and reporting for the deconsolidation of a subsidiary. Companies are required to adopt the new standard for fiscal years beginning after January 1, 2009. We expect the adoption of this standard will have no impact on our consolidated financial statements.

 

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141 (revised 2007), Business Combinations (SFAS No. 141(R)), which replaces SFAS No. 141. SFAS No. 141(R) establishes principles and requirements for how an acquirer in a business combination recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any controlling interest; recognizes and measures the goodwill acquired in the business combination or a gain from a bargain purchase; and determines what information to disclose to enable users of the financial statements to evaluate the nature and financial effects of the business combination. SFAS No. 141(R) is to be applied prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after an entity’s fiscal year that begins after December 15, 2008, or July 1, 2009 for our Company. The impact of this Statement on our financial position, results of operations and cash flows will be dependent on the terms, conditions and details of such acquisitions.

 

In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities , which allows us to choose to measure selected financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected are reported in earnings. SFAS No. 159 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, or July 1, 2008 for our Company. We are in the process of evaluating the impact of this authoritative guidance on our consolidated financial statements.

 

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In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements, which provides a single definition of fair value, and requires additional disclosure about the use of fair value to measure assets and liabilities. SFAS No. 157 emphasizes that fair value is a market-based measurement defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Thus, SFAS No. 157 adheres to a definition of fair value based upon exit price as opposed to entry price, i.e. the price paid to acquire an asset or liability. This pronouncement is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, or July 1, 2008 for our Company. We are in the process of evaluating the impact of this authoritative guidance on our consolidated financial statements.

 

Results of Operations for the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2008 Compared to the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2007

 

During the latter part of fiscal year 2008, we implemented plans to reduce costs, including workforce reductions, and to streamline operations in an effort to reduce net losses. This has resulted in an increase in gross profit and simultaneous decreases in operating expenses, thereby reducing losses, particularly in the third and fourth quarters of fiscal year 2008. Excluding the effect of the gain on sale of product line in January 2008, operating loss for the quarters ended March 31, 2008 and June 30, 2008 was the lowest of any quarter in the last nine years. We anticipate continuing measures taken to contain costs, and to continue our review of other expense areas to determine where additional reductions in discretionary spending can be achieved.

 

Total revenues for fiscal year 2008 were $2,902,219, an increase of $424,750, or 17.1%, from fiscal year 2007 revenues of $2,477,469. The revenues for fiscal 2008 represents the highest yearly sales level in seven years and was due principally to shipments to a significant new customer of an advanced surgical visualization system, along with the introduction of a number of other new products. The design of the advanced surgical visualization system relied heavily on our experience with medical optics technologies, specifically in the area of advanced optical endoscopic instrumentation.

 

Revenues from our largest customers, as a percentage of total revenues, were as follows:

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

Customer A

 

25

%

27

%

Customer B

 

20

 

22

 

Customer C

 

11

 

10

 

All Others

 

44

 

41

 

 

 

100

%

100

%

 

No other customer accounted for more than 10% of our revenues in fiscal years 2008 and 2007.

 

Gross profit for fiscal year 2008 reflected a favorable change of $316,729, compared to fiscal year 2007. Gross profit as a percentage of revenues increased from 19.2% in fiscal year 2007 to 27.3% in fiscal year 2008. The favorable change in gross profit was due primarily to increased sales volume, increased manufacturing efficiencies and elimination of 2007 start-up costs related to initial production of the advanced surgical visualization system.

 

Research and development expenses, net were $757,852 for fiscal year 2008 compared to $1,312,240 for fiscal year 2007. The decrease was due primarily to the recent implementation of certain cost containment plans including workforce reductions, deferring certain development initiatives, increased reimbursements from customers for product development activities and focusing on a limited number of products and technologies expected to provide near term revenues. Research and development expenses were net of reimbursement of related costs of $224,107 and $101,309 during fiscal years 2008 and 2007, respectively.

 

Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased by $230,866, or 11.0%, during fiscal year 2008 compared to the previous year. The decrease was primarily attributable to the recent implementation of certain cost containment plans including workforce reductions, as mentioned above.

 

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Gain on sale of product line of $210,549 consists of the gain on the sale of our optical thin film product line recognized in the quarter ended March 31, 2008. The purchase price was $250,000, and we will receive a royalty of 25% of revenues exceeding $300,000 annually from the purchased customer list for a three-year period.

 

Interest income (expense), net decreased by $46,059 during fiscal year 2008 compared to the previous year. The decrease was due to a lower base of cash and cash equivalents, partially offset by higher interest rates, and interest expense recorded on the 10% senior convertible notes issued on June 25, 2008.

 

The income tax provisions in fiscal years 2008 and 2007 represent the minimum statutory state income tax liability.

 

Results of Operations for the Quarter Ended September 30, 2008 Compared to the Quarter Ended September 30, 2007

 

During the latter part of fiscal year 2008, we implemented plans to reduce costs, including workforce reductions, and to streamline operations in an effort to reduce net losses. These efforts resulted in an increase in gross profit and a simultaneous decrease in operating expense beginning in the third quarter of fiscal year 2008 and continuing with the first quarter of fiscal year 2009. Excluding the effect of the gain on sale of product line in January 2008, operating loss for the quarter ended September 30, 2008 was the lowest of any quarter in the last twelve years. We anticipate continuing the measures taken to contain costs, and to continue our review of other expense areas to determine where additional reductions in discretionary spending can be achieved.

 

Our total revenues for the quarter ended September 30, 2008, the first quarter of fiscal year 2009, were $659,735, a decrease of $441,993 or 40.1% from the same period last year. The decrease was due principally to shipments to a significant new customer of an advanced surgical visualization system in the quarter ended September 30, 2007, partially offset by sales of a new fiber scope utilizing our micro-precision TM lens technology in the quarter ended September 30, 2008.  Although there were no shipments of the advanced surgical visualization system in the quarter ended September 30, 2008, we resumed shipments of this product in the quarter ending December 31, 2008.

 

Revenues from our largest customers, as a percentage of total revenues, for the three months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, were as follows:

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

Customer A

 

21

%

%

Customer B

 

19

 

9

 

Customer C

 

17

 

7

 

Customer D

 

13

 

4

 

Customer E

 

 

56

 

All Others

 

30

 

24

 

 

 

100

%

100

%

 

No other customer accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s revenues during those periods.

 

Gross profit for the quarter ended September 30, 2008 was $304,142, which reflects a reduction of $2,152, compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2007. Gross profit for the quarter ended September 30, 2008 as a percentage of revenues increased from 27.8% for the quarter ended September 30, 2007 to 46.1% in the current quarter. The favorable change in our gross profit percentage was due primarily to increased manufacturing efficiencies, favorable change in product mix and certain cost containment plans implemented in fiscal year 2008 as described more fully below, partially offset by lower sales volume.

 

Research and development expenses were $176,610 for the quarter ended September 30, 2008, compared to $302,433 for the same period last year, a reduction of $125,823 or 41.6%. The decrease was due primarily to the implementation of certain cost containment plans in fiscal year 2008 including workforce reductions, deferment of certain development initiatives, increased reimbursements from customers for product development activities and increased focus on a limited number of products and technologies expected to provide near term revenues. Quarterly research and development expenses depend on our assessment of new product opportunities and available resources.

 

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Research and development expenses were net of reimbursement of related costs of $89,030 and $1,000 during the quarters ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

 

Selling, general and administrative expenses were $371,949, a decrease of $103,563, or 21.8%, for the quarter ended September 30, 2008 compared to the same period last year. The decrease was due primarily to the implementation of certain cost containment plans in fiscal year 2008 including workforce reductions, as mentioned above.

 

Interest income decreased by $1,852, or 38.6%, for the quarter ended September 30, 2008 compared to the same period last year. The decrease was due to a lower base of cash and cash equivalents partially offset by higher interest rates.

 

Interest expense increased by $185,475 for the quarter ended September 30, 2008 compared to the same period last year. The increase was due to the accrual of non-cash interest expense (including the amortization of debt discount) on the 10% Senior Secured Convertible Notes issued on June 25, 2008.

 

No income tax provision was recorded in the first quarter of fiscal year 2009 or 2008 because of the losses generated in those periods.

 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

We compete in a highly technical, very competitive, and in most cases, price driven segment of the medical instrument marketplace where products can take years to develop and introduce to distributors and end users. Furthermore, research and development, manufacturing, marketing and distribution activities are strictly regulated by FDA, ISO and other regulatory bodies that, while intended to enhance the ultimate quality and functionality of products produced, can contribute to the significant cost and time needed to maintain existing products and develop and introduce product enhancements and new product innovations.

 

We have traditionally funded working capital needs through product sales, management of working capital components of our business, and by cash received from public and private offerings of our common stock, warrants to purchase shares of our common stock and convertible notes. We have incurred quarter to quarter operating losses during our efforts to develop current products including endoscopes, image couplers, beamsplitters, thin film coatings, night vision and micro-optic lenses, prisms and assemblies for various applications and utilizing a number of proprietary and patent-pending technologies including Lenslock TM endoscope and micro-precision TM lens technologies. Our management expects that such operating losses will continue through fiscal year 2009 and until sales increase to breakeven and profitable levels. Our management also believes that the opportunities represented by these products have the potential to generate sales increases to achieve breakeven and profitable results.  Excluding the effect of the gain on sale of product line in January 2008, operating loss for the quarter ended September 30, 2008 was the lowest of any quarter in the last twelve years.

 

Our current financial condition may raise doubt among potential equity investors, customers and suppliers regarding our ability to continue as a going concern, as referenced by the Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on our financial statements for the year ended June 30, 2008, included in our annual report on Form 10-K.  We may not be able to obtain working capital funds necessary in the time frame needed and at satisfactory terms to correct the going concern issue.

 

As of June 30, 2008, cash and cash equivalents were $885,988, accounts receivable were $387,224 and current liabilities were $869,235, resulting in a net liquid asset amount of $403,977. As of September 30, 2008, cash and cash equivalents were $634,692, accounts receivable were $373,268 and current liabilities were $811,405, resulting in a net liquid asset amount of $196,555.  We believe that the introduction of several new products during the last four fiscal years, along with new and on-going customer relationships, will continue to generate additional revenues, which are required in order for us to achieve profitability. If these additional revenues are not achieved on a timely basis, we will be required and are prepared to implement further cost reduction measures, as necessary.

 

Capital equipment expenditures during the fiscal year 2008 were $58,718, down from $139,667 for fiscal year 2007. Future capital equipment expenditures will be dependent upon future sales and success of on-going research and development efforts.

 

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Contractual cash commitments for the fiscal years subsequent to June 30, 2008 are summarized as follows:

 

 

 

2009

 

2010

 

Thereafter

 

Total

 

Operating Leases

 

$

25,300

 

$

5,600

 

$

1,900

 

$

32,800

 

Principal and Interest (1)

 

 

720,000

 

 

720,000

 

Totals

 

$

25,300

 

$

725,600

 

$

1,900

 

$

752,800

 

 


(1)           This amount may be reduced to the extent the 10% Senior Secured Convertible Notes are converted into common stock.

 

We have contractual cash commitments related to open purchase orders at September 30, 2008 of approximately $240,000.

 

We generally provide a standard one-year warranty on materials and workmanship to our customers. We provide for estimated warranty costs at the time product revenue is recognized. Warranty costs are included as a component of cost of goods sold in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. For the three month periods ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, warranty costs were not significant.

 

In February 2007, we completed a private placement, pursuant to which we sold an aggregate of 400,000 shares of common stock and warrants to purchase an aggregate of 400,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $8.00 per share.  Our net cash proceeds, after offering costs of $123,784, were $2,376,216.  In June 2008, we issued senior secured convertible notes and warrants, raising cash proceeds of $600,000.

 

Trends and Uncertainties That May Affect Future Results

 

Our fiscal year 2008 revenues were the highest in seven years. This was due in large part to shipments of the advanced surgical visualization system discussed in results of operations above, the design of which relies heavily on our world-class medical optics technologies, specifically in the area of advanced optical endoscopic instrumentation. We expect our recent pattern of quarter-to-quarter revenue fluctuations to continue, due to the introductory stage of many of our products and the unpredictable timing of orders from customers and the size of those orders in relation to total revenues. Contingent on available funding, we intend to continue to develop and commercialize new products and technical innovations, in particular:

 

·                   a new generation of endoscopes that incorporate Lenslock TM  technology (patent pending);

·                   new components and instruments utilizing our new micro-precision TM  lens technology (patent pending) for optical components and endoscopes under 1 mm;

·                   new custom medical products; and

·                   new night vision lenses.

 

However, if we do not have sufficient capital to develop and commercialize these products, our future revenues may decline because we cannot offer the innovative products the market is seeking.  Over the past few years, we have implemented significant changes in new product and technology development by shifting the emphasis of research and development efforts from developing underlying technologies to commercialization of the applications of these new technologies. These have already been realized to some degree in a number of areas. Over the past two to three years, our efforts have produced revenues from our new micro-precision TM  lens products and new Lenslock TM  endoscopes. Recent initiatives in the area of micro-precision TM  lenses address specific customer opportunities in different medical specialty applications. In endoscope technologies, we continue new product offerings in our Lenslock TM  product line. Since December 2005, we have shipped over 400 ENT endoscopes with diameter of 2.7 mm that incorporate Lenslock TM  technology. We recently completed prototypes of our 4 mm Lenslock TM  sinuscope, and 5 mm Lenslock TM  laproscope, and are actively pursuing development of our new 4 mm Lenslock TM  wide field arthroscope. We believe that our Lenslock TM  technology has advantages over competitive products due to ease of manufacture and repair, superior image quality, significant cost effectiveness and quality of repair.  We anticipate that further incorporating this technology into our endoscope product line will lead to increased sales.

 

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Going forward, we intend to focus our development efforts on products we believe offer the best prospects to increase our near-term revenues. An example beyond the new instruments mentioned above includes the lenses we developed for a new color Night Vision system that we are beginning to manufacture in pre-production quantities.

 

For the quarter ended September 30, 2008, our cash and cash equivalents decreased by $251,296 compared to an increase of $651,426 for the previous quarter ended June 30, 2008 as a result of negative cash flows from operating activities. If our cash reserves continue to decrease, we will be required to seek additional funding. The sale of additional equity or convertible debt securities would result in additional dilution to our stockholders, and debt financing, if available, may involve restrictive covenants that could restrict our operations or finances. Financing may not be available in amounts or on terms acceptable to us, if at all. If we cannot raise funds on acceptable terms or achieve positive cash flow, we may not be able to continue to conduct operations, develop new products, grow market share, take advantage of future opportunities or respond to competitive pressures or unanticipated requirements, any of which would negatively impact our business, operating results and financial condition.

 

Our capital equipment expenditures during the quarter ended September 30, 2008 were $0 compared to $22,045 for the same period in 2007. Future capital equipment expenditures will depend on future sales and success of on-going research and development efforts.

 

Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, requiring companies to report on the effectiveness of internal controls over financial reporting, first applied to our annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2008. We expect our operating expense may increase as a result of the costs associated with the implementation of and maintaining compliance with Section 404.

 

Off-Balance Sheet Transactions

 

We currently have no off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future material effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources.

 

CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

 

There have been no disagreements with our independent public accountant in regards to accounting and financial disclosure.

 

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

 

As a Smaller Reporting Company as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act and in Item 10(f)(1) of Regulation S-K, we are electing scaled disclosure reporting obligations and therefore are not required to provide the information requested by this Item.

 

DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, PROMOTERS AND CONTROL PERSONS

 

The following table sets forth the name, age, positions, and offices or employments for the past five years as of December 15, 2008, of our directors and executive officers:

 

NAME

 

AGE

 

POSITION

Richard E. Forkey

 

68

 

President, Chief Executive Officer, Treasurer and Chairman

Joseph N. Forkey

 

41

 

Executive Vice President, Chief Scientific Officer and Director

Jack P. Dreimiller

 

60

 

Senior Vice President, Finance, Chief Financial Officer and Clerk*

Michael T. Pieniazek

 

50

 

Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Clerk*

Joel R. Pitlor

 

70

 

Director

Donald A. Major

 

47

 

Director

Richard Miles

 

65

 

Director

 


* Effective August 15, 2008, Mr. Pieniazek resigned as our Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Clerk and effective August 15, 2008, Jack P. Dreimiller was appointed to serve as our Senior Vice President, Finance, Chief Financial Officer and Clerk.

 

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BIOGRAPHIES OF EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS

 

Richard E. Forkey has been our President, Chief Executive Officer, Treasurer, and the Chairman of our board of directors since he founded our Company in 1982. He was the Clerk of the Company from May 1983 to June 1990.

 

Dr. Joseph N. Forkey , son of Richard E. Forkey, has been our Executive Vice President and Chief Scientific Officer since April 2006 and served as our Chief Scientist from September 2003 to April 2006. In April 2006, Dr. Forkey was appointed to serve as a director on our board. Since joining our Company, he has been involved in our general technical and management activities, as well as investigations of opportunities that leverage our newly developed technologies. Dr. Forkey holds B.A. degrees in Mathematics and Physics from Cornell University, and a Ph.D. in Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering from Princeton University. Prior to joining us, Dr. Forkey spent seven years at the University of Pennsylvania Medical School as a postdoctoral fellow and research staff member.

 

Jack P. Dreimiller has been our Senior Vice President, Finance, Chief Financial Officer and Clerk since August 15, 2008 and also served as our Senior Vice President, Finance and Chief Financial Officer from April 1992 until June 2005 and our Clerk from January 1998 until June 2005. Since June 2005, he is an independent consultant serving various roles as financial / accounting executive, including interim Chief Financial Officer, for a number of companies. From June 2005 to December 2005, he was an independent consultant to our Company.

 

Michael T. Pieniazek served as Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Clerk from September 2006 until his resignation effective as of August 15, 2008. From January 2006 to November 2006, Mr. Pieniazek was President and Chief Financial Officer of MIP Solutions, Inc. From September 2001 to December 2005, Mr. Pieniazek was President and Chief Financial Officer of Uromedical Diagnostic, Inc.

 

Joel R. Pitlor has served as a director on our board since June 1990. Since 1979, Mr. Pitlor has been President of J.R. Pitlor, a management consulting firm that provides strategic business planning, which Mr. Pitlor founded. Mr. Pitlor has provided business planning consultation to our Company since 1983.

 

Donald A. Major has served as director on our board since August 2005. Since 2002, Mr. Major has served as Vice President and Treasurer of Anderson Entertainment, LLC (formerly Digital Excellence LLC). From October 2006 to May 2007, Mr. Major served as Vice President of Corporate Development of Advanced Duplication Services LLC. Since October 2007, Mr. Major’s primary occupation has been as an independent consultant to a private equity firm where he is engaged in identifying, evaluating and implementing corporate investment opportunities.

 

Richard Miles has served as a director on our board since November 2005. Since 1972, Professor Miles has been a member of the faculty at Princeton University and serves as the Director of the Applied Physics Group in Princeton University’s Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department.

 

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

 

Summary Compensation

 

The following table sets forth all compensation for the last two completed fiscal years ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 awarded to, earned by, or paid to our Principal Executive Officer, Vice President and Chief Scientific Officer and one of our employees, referred to herein as the “Named Executive Officers.” No other executive officer or employee earned over $100,000 in the last completed fiscal year.

 

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Summary Compensation Table for the Fiscal Years Ended June 30, 2008 and 2007

 

Name and principal
position
(a)

 

Year
June 30,
(b)

 

Salary
($)
(c)

 

Bonus
($)
(d)

 

Stock
awards
($)
(e)

 

Option
awards
($)
(f)

 

Non-equity
incentive
plan
compensation
($)
(g)

 

Non-qualified
deferred
compensation
earnings
($)
(h)

 

All other
compensation
($)
(i)

 

Total
($)
(j)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Richard E. Forkey
President, Principal Executive Officer and Treasurer

 

2008
2007

 

$
$

195,000 195,000

(4)

-0-
-0-

 

-0-
-0-

 

-0-
-0-

 

-0-
-0-

 

-0-
-0-

 

$
$

23,984
27,224

(1)(2)
(1)(2)

$
$

218,984
222.224

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Joseph N. Forkey
Executive Vice President and Chief Scientific Officer

 

2008
2007

 

$
$

120,000 120,000

(4)

-0-
-0-

 

-0-
-0-

 

-0-
-0-

 

-0-
-0-

 

-0-
-0-

 

$
$

1,200
2,400

(3)
(3)

$
$

121,200
122,400

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Richard G. Cyr
Optical Shop Manager

 

2008
2007

 

$
$

117,027 117,430

 

-0-
-0-

 

-0-
-0-

 

-0-
-0-

 

-0-
-0-

 

-0-
-0-

 

$
$

1,236
2,348

(3)
(3)

$
$

118,263
119,778

 

 


(1)                                   Includes car expense of $2,100 for 2008 and $2,100 for 2007.

 

(2)                                   Includes premiums for a life insurance policy and a disability insurance policy of $18,579 for 2008 and $20,394 for 2007.

 

(3)                                   Represents our Company’s matching contribution to the Profit Sharing & 401(k) Plan.

 

(4)                                 Based on new compensation arrangements approved by the board of directors on April 15, 2008 for our Principal Executive Officer and for our Chief Scientific Officer, $66,883 and $923, respectively, of these amounts were deferred, and will be paid in the form of restricted stock that will be subject to future performance based vesting.

 

Narrative to Summary Compensation Table

 

Employment Contracts and Termination of Employment Arrangements

 

We have no employment contracts in place with any Named Executive Officer. We have no compensatory plan or arrangement with respect to any Named Executive Officer where such plan or arrangement will result in payments to such Named Executive Officer upon or following his resignation, or other termination of employment with our Company and its subsidiaries, or as a result of a change-in-control of our Company or a change in the Named Executive Officers’ responsibilities following a change-in-control.

 

Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End

 

The following table shows grants of options outstanding on June 30, 2008, the last day of our most recently completed fiscal year, to each of the Named Executive Officers named in the Summary Compensation Table. Information set forth herein gives effect to a 1 for 25 reverse stock split on December 11, 2008.

 

Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End Table for the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2008

 

Option awards

 

Name 
(a)

 

Number of
securities underlying
unexercised options
(#)
exercisable
(b)

 

Number of
securities underlying
unexercised options
(#)
unexercisable
(c)

 

Option
exercise
price
($)
(e)

 

Option
expiration
date
(f)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Richard E. Forkey

 

11,208

 

3,736

(1)

$

13.75

 

5/9/2016

 

 

 

14,944

 

-0-

 

$

20.75

 

6/13/2015

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Joseph N. Forkey

 

600

 

-0-

 

$

13.75

 

5/9/2016

 

 

 

8,406

 

2,802

(1)

$

13.75

 

6/13/2015

 

 

 

22,416

 

-0-

 

$

20.75

 

6/13/2015

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Richard G. Cyr

 

6,200

 

4,000

(2)

$

13.75

 

5/9/2016

 

 


(1)                                   These options will become exercisable on May 9, 2009.

 

(2)                                   These options will become exercisable in equal installments on May 9, 2009, May 9, 2010 and May 9, 2011.

 

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Narrative to Outstanding Equity Award Table

 

Option Grants in Last Fiscal Year

 

We made no individual grants of stock options to our Named Executive Officers during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2008.

 

Long Term Incentive Plans; Awards in Last Fiscal Year

 

We made no awards under any long-term incentive plan to our Named Executive Officers during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2008.

 

Profit Sharing and 401(k) Plan

 

We have a defined contribution 401(k) profit sharing plan. Employer profit sharing and matching contributions to the plan are discretionary. No employer profit sharing contributions were made to the plan in fiscal years 2008 and 2007. Employer matching contributions to the plan amounted to $17,473 and $42,325 for fiscal years 2008 and 2007, respectively.

 

Director Compensation

 

The following table sets forth all compensation paid to our directors during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2008. Information set forth herein gives effect to a 1 for 25 reverse stock split on December 11, 2008.

 

Director Compensation Table for the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2008

 

Name(1)
(a)

 

Fees earned
or paid in
cash
($)
(b)

 

Stock
awards
($)
(c)

 

Option
awards
($)
(d)

 

Non-equity
incentive plan
compensation
($)
(e)

 

Non-qualified
deferred
compensation
earnings
($)
(f)

 

All other
compensation
($)
(g)

 

Total
($)
(h)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Joel R. Pitlor

 

$

4,500

(2)

-0-

 

$

2,852

(4)(6)

-0-

 

-0-

 

$

60,000

(5)

$

67,352

 

Donald A. Major

 

$

11,750

(2)(3)

-0-

 

$

2,852

(4)(7)

-0-

 

-0-

 

-0-

 

$

14,602

 

Richard B. Miles

 

$

4,750

(2)

-0-

 

$

2,852

(4)(8)

-0-

 

-0-

 

-0-

 

$

7,602

 

 


(1)           This table does not include directors whose compensation is reflected in the summary compensation table.

 

(2)           We pay each director, who is not also an employee of our Company, $250 per board or committee meeting that the director attends and reimburse the director for travel expenses.

 

(3)         For his service to our Company, in his capacity as Chair of the Audit Committee, Mr. Major receives compensation of $500 per month, which is in addition to the standard compensation received by all members of the board of directors for their services.

 

(4)         Each of Messrs. Major, Miles and Pitlor were issued options to purchase 400 shares of our common stock at our annual meeting in November 2007. These options were immediately exercisable at a price per share of $7.75, which was the closing price of our common stock on the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board on the date of grant. These options will remain exercisable following a director’s departure from service and expire on November 27, 2017. The amounts shown reflect the dollar amounts computed for financial statement reporting purposes for fiscal 2008 in accordance with the requirements of SFAS 123(R), excluding an estimate of forfeitures. Refer to Note 4, “Stockholders’ Equity-Stock Options,” in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in our financial statements for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2008, for the relevant assumptions used to determine the valuation of option awards.

 

(5)         Mr. Pitlor is paid $60,000 per year, or $5,000 per month, for his services as a consultant to our Company. $25,000 of this amount has been deferred, and Mr. Pitlor has agreed that such fees may be paid in the form of our restricted common stock.

 

(6)           As of June 30, 2008, Mr. Pitlor held a total of 1,578 options to purchase shares of our common stock.

 

(7)           As of June 30, 2008, Mr. Major held a total of 1,600 options to purchase shares of our common stock.

 

(8)           As of June 30, 2008, Mr. Miles held a total of 1,200 options to purchase shares of our common stock.

 

2006 Equity Incentive Plan

 

On November 28, 2006, our stockholders approved our 2006 Equity Incentive Plan, referred to as the 2006 Incentive Plan, which succeeds our Amended and Restated 1997 Equity Incentive Plan, referred to as the 1997 Incentive Plan. No further awards have been or will be granted under the 1997 Incentive Plan. Our board of directors had previously

 

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approved the 2006 Incentive Plan, subject to the approval of the stockholders. The 2006 Incentive Plan allows for the grant of stock options to selected employees, directors and other persons who provide services to our Company or our affiliates.

 

Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation

 

During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2008, Donald Major and Richard Miles served as members of our Compensation Committee. No member of our Compensation Committee at any time during the last fiscal year, or prior to the last fiscal year, was an officer or employee of our Company. Additionally, no member of our Compensation Committee had any relationship with us that would be required to be disclosed as a related person transaction. During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2008, none of our executive officers or employees participated in deliberations of our board of directors concerning executive officer compensation.

 

During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2008, none of our executive officers:

 

·               served as a member of the compensation committee (or other board committee performing equivalent functions or, in the absence of any such committee, the entire the board of directors) of another entity, one of whose executive officers served as a member of our Compensation Committee;

 

·               served as a director of another entity, one of whose executive officers served as a member of our Compensation Committee; or

 

·               served as a member of the compensation committee (or other board committee performing equivalent functions or, in the absence of any such committee, the entire the board of directors) of another entity, one of whose executive officers served as a member of our board of directors.

 

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SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT

 

The following table sets forth information regarding our common stock owned as of the close of business on December 15, 2008 by the following persons: (i) each person who is known by us to own beneficially more than 5% of our common stock, (ii) each of our directors who beneficially own our or our subsidiaries’ common stock, (iii) each of our Named Executive Officers who beneficially own our or our subsidiaries’ common stock and (iv) all executive officers and directors, as a group, who beneficially own our or our subsidiaries’ common stock. The information on beneficial ownership in the table and footnotes thereto is based upon data furnished to us by, or on behalf of, the persons listed in the table.

 

Name and Address of Beneficial Owner

 

Amount and Nature of
Beneficial Ownership (1)

 

Percent of Class (2)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

AIGH Investment Partners, LLC
6006 Berkeley Avenue, Baltimore, MD 21209

 

190,208

(3)

18.7

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

Austin W. Marxe
c/o Special Situations Funds
527 Madison Avenue, Suite 2600, New York, NY 10022

 

1,612,603

(4)

72.1

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

David M. Greenhouse
c/o Special Situations Funds
527 Madison Avenue, Suite 2600, New York, NY 10022

 

1,612,399

(5)

72.1

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

Arnold Schumsky
145 East 27th Street
New York, New York 10016

 

140,339

(6)

12.5

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

Directors and Named Executive Officers

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Joseph N. Forkey
c/o Precision Optics Corporation, Inc.
22 East Broadway, Gardner, MA 01440

 

31,910

(7)

3.0

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

Richard E. Forkey
c/o Precision Optics Corporation, Inc.
22 East Broadway, Gardner, MA 01440

 

38,768

(8)

3.7

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

Donald A. Major
c/o Precision Optics Corporation, Inc.
22 East Broadway, Gardner, MA 01440

 

6,000

(9)

*

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Richard B. Miles
c/o Precision Optics Corporation, Inc.
22 East Broadway, Gardner, MA 01440

 

5,600

(10)

*

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Joel R. Pitlor
c/o Precision Optics Corporation, Inc.
22 East Broadway, Gardner, MA 01440

 

188,737

(11)

17.5

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

Richard G. Cyr
c/o Precision Optics Corporation, Inc.
22 East Broadway, Gardner, MA 01440

 

6,200

(12)

*

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

All executive officers and directors as a group, including those named above (6 persons)

 

271,598

(13)

23.8

%

 


*  Less than 1%

 

(1)

Represents shares with respect to which each beneficial owner listed has or will have, upon acquisition of such shares upon exercise or conversion of options, warrants, conversion privileges or other rights exercisable within sixty days, sole voting and investment power. Amounts listed have been adjusted to reflect a 1 for 25 reverse split, effective December 11, 2008.

 

 

(2)

As of December 15, 2008, we had 1,018,411 shares of our common stock issued and outstanding. Percentages are calculated on the basis of the amount of issued and outstanding common stock plus, for each person or group, any securities that such person or group has the right to acquire within 60 days following December 15, 2008 pursuant to options, warrants, conversion privileges or other rights.

 

 

(3)

Holdings as of April 13, 2006, as reported on Schedule 13D filed with the SEC on May 3, 2006 by Orin Hirschman. AIGH Investment Partners LLC and Orin Hirschman, managing member of AIGH, have shared voting and dispositive control over the shares.

 

 

 

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(4)

Represents (i) 1,097 shares of common stock owned of record by Special Situations Cayman Fund, L.P., or SSCF, (ii) 4,181 shares of common stock owned of record by Special Situations Fund III, L.P., or SSF III, (iii) 207,699 shares of common stock owned of record by Special Situations Fund III QP, L.P., or SSF III QP, (iv) 232,728 shares that may be acquired under an outstanding warrant held by SSF III QP, which is immediately exercisable, (v) 145,200 shares that may be acquired under an outstanding warrant held by SSF III QP, which is immediately exercisable, (vi) 220,000 shares that may be acquired upon conversion of a convertible promissory note held by SSF III QP and 10,633 shares that may be acquired in 60 days following December 15, 2008 upon conversion of accrued interest under the note, (vi) 160,000 shares of common stock owned of record by Special Situations Private Equity Fund, L.P., or SSPEF, (vii) 145,200 shares that may be acquired under an outstanding warrant held by SSPEF, which is immediately exercisable, (viii) 220,000 shares that may be acquired upon conversion of a convertible promissory note held by SSPEF and 10,633 shares that may be acquired in 60 days following December 15, 2008 upon conversion of accrued interest under the note (ix) 232,728 shares that may be acquired under an outstanding warrant held by SSPEF, which is immediately exercisable, and (x) 22,300 shares of common stock owned by Special Situations Technology Fund II, L.P., or SSTF II. SSCF, SSF III, SSF III QP, SSPEF and SSTF II are affiliated funds. MGP is the general partner of the SSF III QP and the general partner of and investment adviser to SSF III. AWM is the general partner of MGP, the general partner of and investment adviser to SSFCF and the investment adviser to SSF III QP, SSCF, SSFTF II and SSPEF. Messrs. Marxe and Greenhouse are the principal owners of MGP and AWM. Through their control of MGP and AWM, Messrs. Marxe and Greenhouse share voting and dispositive control over the portfolio securities of each of the funds listed above. Also includes 204 shares that may be acquired by Mr. Marxe within 60 days following December 15, 2008 upon the exercise of outstanding stock options.

 

 

(5)

Represents (i) 1,097 shares of common stock owned of record by Special Situations Cayman Fund, L.P., or SSCF, (ii) 4,181 shares of common stock owned of record by Special Situations Fund III, L.P., or SSF III, (iii) 207,699 shares of common stock owned of record by Special Situations Fund III QP, L.P., or SSF III QP, (iv) 232,728 shares that may be acquired under an outstanding warrant held by SSF III QP, which is immediately exercisable, (v) 145,200 shares that may be acquired under an outstanding warrant held by SSF III QP, which is immediately exercisable, (vi) 220,000 shares that may be acquired upon conversion of a convertible promissory note held by SSF III QP and 10,633 shares that may be acquired in 60 days following December 15, 2008 upon conversion of accrued interest under the convertible promissory note, (vii) 160,000 shares of common stock owned of record by Special Situations Private Equity Fund, L.P., or SSPEF, (viii) 145,200 shares that may be acquired under an outstanding warrant held by SSPEF, which is immediately exercisable, (ix) 220,000 shares that may be acquired upon conversion of a convertible promissory note held by SSPEF and 10,633 shares that may be acquired in 60 days following December 15, 2008 upon conversion of accrued interest under the convertible promissory note (x) 232,728 shares that may be acquired under an outstanding warrant held by SSPEF, which is immediately exercisable, and (xi) 22,300 shares of common stock owned by Special Situations Technology Fund II, L.P., or SSTF II. SSCF, SSF III, SSF III QP, SSPEF and SSTF II are affiliated funds. MGP is the general partner of the SSF III QP and the general partner of and investment adviser to SSF III. AWM is the general partner of MGP, the general partner of and investment adviser to SSFCF and the investment adviser to SSF III QP, SSCF, SSFTF II and SSPEF. Messrs. Marxe and Greenhouse are the principal owners of MGP and AWM. Through their control of MGP and AWM, Messrs. Marxe and Greenhouse share voting and dispositive control over the portfolio securities of each of the funds listed above.

 

 

(6)

Includes 34,910 shares that may be acquired upon exercise of an outstanding warrant which is immediately exercisable, 26,400 shares that may be acquired upon exercise of an outstanding warrant which is immediately exercisable, 40,000 shares that may be acquired upon conversion of a convertible promissory note and 1,933 shares that may be acquired within 60 days following December 15, 2008 upon conversion of interest accrued under the convertible promissory note.

 

 

(7)

Represents 31,422 shares which may be acquired within 60 days following December 15, 2008 upon the exercise of outstanding stock options and 488 shares owned by Dr. Forkey and his wife, Heather C. Forkey, with whom he shares voting and dispositive control.

 

 

(8)

Includes 26,152 shares which may be acquired within 60 days following December 15, 2008 upon the exercise of outstanding stock options.

 

 

(9)

Includes 2,000 shares which may be acquired within 60 days following December 15, 2008 upon the exercise of outstanding stock options.

 

 

(10)

Includes 1,600 shares which may be acquired within 60 days following December 15, 2008 upon the exercise of outstanding stock options.

 

 

(11)

Includes 1,978 shares which may be acquired within 60 days following December 15, 2008 upon the exercise of outstanding stock options, and 58,182 shares that may be acquired upon exercise of an outstanding warrant, which is immediately exercisable.

 

 

(12)

Represents 6,200 shares which may be acquired within 60 days following December 15, 2008 upon the exercise of outstanding stock options.

 

 

(13)

Includes 63,152 shares which may be acquired within 60 days following December 15, 2008 upon the exercise of outstanding stock options and 58,182 shares that may be acquired upon exercise of an outstanding warrant, which is immediately exercisable.

 

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TRANSACTIONS WITH RELATED PERSONS, PROMOTERS AND CERTAIN CONTROL PERSONS

 

We have an arrangement with Joel R. Pitlor, a company wholly-owned by Mr. Joel R. Pitlor, one of our directors, pursuant to which Mr. Pitlor provides consulting services to our Company for a fee currently not to exceed $5,000 a month. These consulting services consist primarily of advice regarding marketing, strategic planning and other general business issues. Either party may terminate this arrangement at will. We paid or accrued to Joel R. Pitlor for consulting services aggregate fees of $60,000, or $5,000 per month, for each of the fiscal years 2007 and 2008.

 

We lease our facility in Gardner, Massachusetts from Equity Assets, Inc., a company wholly-owned by Mr. Richard E. Forkey, our President, Chief Executive Officer, Treasurer and Chairman of the board. We are currently a tenant-at-will, paying rent of $9,000 per month, or an aggregate of $108,000 per year, for each of the fiscal years 2007 and 2008.

 

In February 2007, we completed a private placement with institutional and other accredited investors pursuant to which we sold an aggregate of 400,000 shares of common stock, at a price of $6.25 per share and warrants to purchase an aggregate of 400,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $8.00 per share. One of our directors, Mr. Joel R. Pitlor, participated in the private placement, which closed on February 1, 2007. Mr. Pitlor acquired 40,000 shares of common stock and a warrant to purchase 40,000 shares of common stock in exchange for $250,000. As a result of certain anti-dilution provisions being triggered on June 25, 2008, the number of common shares underlying Mr. Pitlor’s warrant increased to 58,182 and the exercise price decreased from $8.00 per share to $5.50 per share.

 

DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

 

As of December 15, 2008, Richard E. Forkey, Joseph N. Forkey, Joel R. Pitlor, Donald A. Major and Richard Miles serve as our directors.  Currently, Joel R. Pitlor, Donald A. Major and Richard Miles are independent directors , as defined under the standards of independence set forth in the NASDAQ Marketplace Rules. Our common stock is currently traded on the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board, or OTCBB.  The OTCBB does not require that a majority of our board of directors be independent.

 

DISCLOSURE OF COMMISSION POSITION ON INDEMNIFICATION FOR SECURITIES ACT LIABILITIES

 

Our directors and officers are indemnified as provided by the Massachusetts General Laws, our By-laws, and our Articles of Organization, as amended. We have been advised that, in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission, indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities is asserted by one of our directors, officers or controlling persons in connection with the securities being registered, we will, unless in the opinion of our legal counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit the question of whether such indemnification is against public policy to a court of appropriate jurisdiction. We will then be governed by the court’s decision.

 

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PART II – INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS

 

OTHER EXPENSES OF ISSUANCE AND DISTRIBUTION

 

The estimated costs of the issuance and distribution of the securities registered under this prospectus are denoted below. Please note that all amounts are estimates other than the Commission’s registration fee.

 

 

 

Amount to be paid

 

 

 

 

 

SEC Registration Fee

 

$

10.56

 

Transfer agent fees

 

$

10,000

 

Accounting fees and expenses

 

$

15,000

 

Legal fees and expenses

 

$

15,000

 

Miscellaneous (including EDGAR filing fees)

 

$

2,000.44

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

$

42,011

 

 

We will pay all expenses of the offering listed above from cash on hand. No portion of these expenses will be borne by the selling stockholders.

 

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INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS

 

We are organized under the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Our officers and directors are indemnified as provided by the General Laws of Massachusetts, our Articles of Organization, and our By-laws. The General Laws of Massachusetts provides that we must indemnify a director who was wholly successful, on the merits or otherwise, in the defense of any proceeding to which he was a party because he was a director of our Company against reasonable expenses incurred by him in connection with the proceeding.

 

In addition, we may indemnify a director against liability incurred in a proceeding if:

 

(1)(i) he conducted himself in good faith; (ii) he reasonably believed that his conduct was in the best interests of our Company or that his conduct was at least not opposed to the best interests of our Company; and (iii) in the case of any criminal proceeding, he had no reasonable cause to believe his conduct was unlawful; or

 

(2) he engaged in conduct for which he shall not be liable as provided in our Articles of Organization which may limit personal liability of a director as provided in the General Laws of Massachusetts.

 

Under the General Laws of Massachusetts, a director’s conduct with respect to an employee benefit plan for a purpose he reasonably believed to be in the interests of the participants in, and the beneficiaries of, the plan is conduct that satisfies the requirement that his conduct was at least not opposed to the best interests of the corporation. Unless ordered by a court as provided in the statute, we may not indemnify a director if his conduct did not satisfy the standards set forth above.

 

The termination of a proceeding by judgment, order, settlement, or conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, is not, of itself, determinative that the director did not meet the relevant standard of conduct described the General Laws of Massachusetts.

 

Our Articles of Organization, as amended, provide that our directors shall not be liable to us or our stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director, except to the extent that the exculpation from liabilities is not permitted under the Massachusetts Business Corporation Law as in effect at the time such liability is determined. Our By-Laws provide that we shall indemnify our directors and officers to the full extent permitted by the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts against all liabilities and expenses except with respect to any matter as to which he or she shall have been adjudicated in any proceeding not to have acted in good faith in the reasonable belief that his or her action was in the best interest of our Company or in the best interests of the participants or beneficiaries of an employee benefit plan. In addition, we hold a Director and Officer Liability and Corporate Indemnification Policy.

 

RECENT SALES OF UNREGISTERED SECURITIES

 

On June 25, 2008, we entered into a Purchase Agreement with institutional and other accredited investors pursuant to which we sold an aggregate of $600,000 of 10% Senior Secured Convertible Notes, referred to as the “Notes,” which are convertible into a total of 480,000 shares of our common stock, par value $0.01 per share, at a conversion price of $1.25 per share, and warrants to purchase a total of 316,800 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $1.75 per share, referred to as the “Warrants.” The investors are current stockholders of our Company. Interest accrues on the Notes at a rate of 10% per year and is payable upon the earlier of conversion or maturity of the Notes. The Notes mature on June 25, 2010, and the Warrants expire on June 25, 2015. The Notes and Warrants are not convertible or exercisable until we implement a reverse stock split, which requires the approval of our stockholders and the effectiveness of an amendment to our Articles of Organization to effect a reverse stock split. The closing of the sale of the Notes and Warrants occurred on June 25, 2008.

 

The Purchase Agreement contains customary representations and warranties made by us and the investors, and the Notes contain customary covenants binding on our Company and customary events of default. If an event of default

 

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occurs and is uncured within the allowable grace period, if any, the investors may declare all amounts under the Notes immediately due and payable and may pursue any other available remedies.

 

The Notes are secured by a pledge of our assets under the terms of a Pledge and Security Agreement and the security documents ancillary thereto.

 

Pursuant to a Registration Rights Agreement entered into with the investors on June 25, 2008, we agreed to file a registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission by the earlier of (i) two   days following the effectiveness of the amendment to implement a reverse stock split and (ii) December 15, 2008, to register the resale of the common stock issuable upon the conversion of the Notes and the exercise of the warrants, plus the common stock issuable in lieu of cash interest on the Notes. We also agreed to use our commercially reasonable efforts to have the registration statement declared effective as soon as practicable after filing and agreed to take certain other actions related to the effectiveness of the registration statement.

 

On February 1, 2007, we sold a total of 400,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, at a price of $6.25 per share and warrants to purchase a total of 400,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $8.00 per share, which were immediately exercisable, raising gross proceeds of $2,500,000. In conjunction with our issuance of Notes and Warrants on June 25, 2008, certain anti-dilution provisions of the existing warrants were triggered. As a result, the number of existing warrants was increased from 400,000 to 581,821 and the related exercise price was decreased from $8.00 per share to $5.50 per share. All of the following shares of common stock issued were issued in a non-registered transaction:

 

Purchaser

 

Common Stock
Purchased*

 

 

 

 

 

Special Situations Fund III QP, L.P.

 

392,728

 

Special Situations Private Equity Fund, L.P.

 

392,728

 

Joel Pitlor (a)

 

98,182

 

Arnold Schumsky

 

58,910

 

LaPlace Group LLC

 

39,273

 

 


* Includes shares of common stock and shares underlying outstanding warrants

 

(a) Mr. Pitlor is one of our directors

 

The 400,000 shares issued on February 1, 2007 and the 400,000 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of the warrants issued on February 1, 2007 were subsequently registered on a registration statement on a Form SB-2, which was declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 23, 2007.

 

On April 13, 2006, we sold 338,000 shares of common stock, at a price of $6.25 per share, to certain institutional and other accredited investors, which resulted in gross proceeds to us of approximately $2,112,500. In connection with the private placement, we entered into a purchase agreement, pursuant to which we agreed to file a registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission which was declared effective on August 14, 2006.

 

With respect to the issuances of our securities described above, we relied on the Section 4(2) exemption from securities registration under the federal securities laws for transactions not involving any public offering. No advertising or general solicitation was employed in offering the securities. The securities were issued to accredited investors. The securities were offered for investment purposes only and not for the purpose of resale or distribution and the transfer thereof was appropriately restricted by us.  Information set forth herein gives effect to a 1 for 25 reverse stock split on December 11, 2008.

 

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EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

 

Exhibits

 

The exhibits listed below are filed with or incorporated by reference in this report.

 

Exhibit

 

Description

2.1

 

 

Asset Purchase Agreement between the Company and Optometrics Corporation, dated January 18, 2008 (included as Exhibit 2.1 to the Form 8-K filed January 25, 2008 and incorporated herein by reference).

 

 

 

3.1

 

 

Articles of Organization of the Company, as amended (included as Exhibit 3.1 to the Form SB-2 filed March 16, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference).

 

 

 

3.2

 

 

By-laws of Precision Optics Corporation (filed herewith).

 

 

 

3.3

 

 

Articles of Amendment, dated December 11, 2008 (included as Exhibit 3.1 to the Form 8-K filed December 11, 2008 and incorporated herein by reference).

 

 

 

4.1

 

 

Registration Rights Agreement, dated March 17, 2000 (included as Exhibit 4.4 to the Form S-3 filed April 28, 2000 and incorporated herein by reference).

 

 

 

4.2

 

 

Registration Rights Agreement, dated June 30, 1998 (included as Exhibit 4.9 to the Form 10-KSB filed September 29, 1998 and incorporated herein by reference).

 

 

 

4.3

 

 

Registration Rights Agreement, dated August 5, 1999 (included as Exhibit 4.7 to the Form 10-KSB filed September 28, 1999 and incorporated herein by reference).

 

 

 

4.4

 

 

Registration Rights Agreement, dated February 1, 2007 (included as Exhibit 4.1 to the Form 8-K filed February 2, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference).

 

 

 

4.5

 

 

Form of Warrant to Purchase Shares of Common Stock (included as Exhibit 4.2 to the Form 8-K filed February 2, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference).

 

 

 

4.6

 

 

Registration Rights Agreement by and among the Company and each investor named therein, dated June 25, 2008 (included as Exhibit 4.1 to the Form 8-K filed June 27, 2008 and incorporated herein by reference).

 

 

 

4.7

 

 

Form of Warrant, dated June 25, 2008 (included as Exhibit 4.2 to the Form 8-K filed June 27, 2008 and incorporated herein by reference).

 

 

 

4.8

 

 

Form of 10% Senior Secured Convertible Note, dated June 25, 2008 (included as Exhibit 4.3 to the Form 8-K filed June 27, 2008 and incorporated herein by reference).

 

 

 

5.1*

 

 

Legal Opinion of Amy M. Trombly, Esq.

 

 

 

10.1

 

 

Precision Optics Corporation, Inc. 1989 Stock Option Plan, as amended, incorporated herein by reference to the Company’s 1994 Annual Report on Form 10-KSB (No. 001-10647).

 

 

 

10.2

 

 

Three separate life insurance policies on the life of Richard E. Forkey, incorporated herein by reference to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-18 (No. 33-36710-B).

 

 

 

10.3

 

 

Precision Optics Corporation, Inc. 1997 Incentive Plan, as amended and restated (included as Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 10-QSB filed November 13, 2003 and incorporated herein by reference).

 

 

 

10.4

 

 

Securities Purchase Agreement between the Company and investors, dated March 13, 2000 (included as Exhibit 2.1 to the Form S-3 filed April 28, 2000 and incorporated herein by reference).

 

 

 

10.5

 

 

Form of Securities Purchase Agreement between the Company and investors (included as

 

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Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 8-K filed April 19, 2006 and incorporated herein by reference).

 

 

 

10.6

 

 

Employment Offer Letter from the Company to Michael T. Pieniazek, dated September 15, 2006 (included as Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 8-K filed September 21, 2006 and incorporated herein by reference).

 

 

 

10.7

 

 

Precision Optics Corporation, Inc. 2006 Equity Incentive Plan (included as Exhibit 99.1 to the Form 8-K filed December 4, 2006 and incorporated herein by reference).

 

 

 

 

10.8

 

 

Purchase Agreement between the Company and investors, dated February 1, 2007 (included as Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 8-K filed February 2, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference).

 

 

 

10.9

 

 

Form of Incentive Stock Option Certificate (included as Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 10-QSB filed February 14, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference).

 

 

 

10.10

 

 

Form of Nonstatutory Stock Option Certificate (included as Exhibit 10.2 to the Form 10-QSB filed February 14, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference).

 

 

 

10.11

 

 

Purchase Agreement by and among the Company and each investor named therein, dated June 25, 2008 (included as Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 8-K filed June 27, 2008 and incorporated herein by reference).

 

 

 

10.12

 

 

Pledge and Security Agreement by and among the Company and each investor named therein, dated June 25, 2008 (included as Exhibit 10.2 to the Form 8-K filed June 27, 2008 and incorporated herein by reference).

 

 

 

10.13

 

 

Consulting Agreement between the Company and Jack P. Dreimiller, dated as of August 15, 2008 (included as Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 8-K filed August 18, 2008 and incorporated herein by reference).

 

 

 

10.14

 

 

Side Letter Agreement between the Company and the investors signatory to the Purchase Agreement, dated June 25, 2008, dated November 25, 2008 (included as Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 8-K filed December 11, 2008 and incorporated herein by reference).

 

 

 

10.15

 

 

Side Letter Agreement between the Company and the holders signatory to the 10% Senior Secured Convertible Note, dated December 11, 2008 (filed herewith).

 

 

 

21.1

 

 

Subsidiaries of the Registrant (included as Exhibit 21.1 to the Form 10-K filed September 26, 2008 and incorporated herein by reference).

 

 

 

23.1

 

 

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (filed herewith).

 

 

 

23.2

 

 

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (filed herewith).

 

 

 

23.3*

 

 

Consent of Amy M. Trombly (incorporated in Exhibit 5.1).

 


* To be filed by amendment

 

Financial Statement Schedules

 

Schedules have been omitted because the information required to be set forth therein is not applicable or is shown in the financial statements or notes thereto.

 

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UNDERTAKINGS

 

(a) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes:

 

(1)  To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:

 

(i)   To include any prospectus required by section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933;

 

(ii)  To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) of this chapter) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than a 20% change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement; and

 

(iii) To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement.

 

(2)  That, for the purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of the securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

 

(3)  To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.

 

(4)  That, for the purposes of determining liability under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser

 

(A)                               Each prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) (§230.424(b)(3) of this chapter) shall be deemed to be part of this registration as of the date the filed prospectus was deemed part of and included in the registration statement; and

 

(B)                                 Each prospectus required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2), (b)(5), (b)(7) (§230.424(b)(2), (b)(5), or (b)(7) of this chapter) as part of a registration statement in reliance on Rule 430B relating to an offering made pursuant to Rule 415(a)(1)(i), (vii), or (x) (§230.415(a) (1)(i), (vii), or (x) of this chapter) for the purpose of providing the information required by section 10(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 shall be deemed to be a part of and included in the registration statement as of the earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first used after effectiveness or the date of the first contract of sale of securities in the offering described in this prospectus. As provided in Rule 430B, for liability purposes of the issuer and any person that is at that date an underwriter, such date shall be deemed to be a new effective date of the registration statement relating to the securities in the registration statement to which that prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. Provided, however; that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such effective date, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such effective date.

 

(5)  Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

 

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SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized in the City of Gardner, Commonwealth of Massachusetts, on December 18, 2008.

 

 

PRECISION OPTICS CORPORATION, INC.

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Richard E. Forkey

 

 

 

 

 

Richard E. Forkey

 

 

Chief Executive Officer, President,
Chairman of the Board and Treasurer

 

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this registration statement was signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates stated.

 

Signature

 

Title

 

Date

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Richard E. Forkey

 

Chief Executive Officer, President, 

 

December 18, 2008

 

 

Chairman of the Board, and Treasurer

 

 

Richard E. Forkey

 

(Principal Executive Officer)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Joseph N. Forkey

 

Executive Vice President, Chief Scientific

 

December 18, 2008

 

 

Officer and Director

 

 

Joseph N. Forkey

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Donald A. Major

 

Director

 

December 18, 2008

 

 

 

 

 

Donald A. Major

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Richard B. Miles

 

Director

 

December 18, 2008

 

 

 

 

 

Richard B. Miles

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Joel R. Pitlor

 

Director

 

December 18, 2008

 

 

 

 

 

Joel R. Pitlor

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Jack P. Dreimiller

 

Senior Vice President and Chief Financial 

 

December 18, 2008

 

 

Officer (Principal Financial Officer and

 

 

Jack P. Dreimiller

 

Principal Accounting Officer)

 

 

 

II-7


EXHIBIT 3.2

 

BY-LAWS

 

of

 

PRECISION OPTICS CORPORATION, INC.

 

Section 1.  ARTICLES OF ORGANIZATION

 

The name and purposes of the corporation shall be as set forth in the Articles of Organization. These By-laws, the powers of the corporation and of its directors and stockholders, or of any class of stockholders if there shall be more than one class of stock, and all matters concerning the conduct and regulation of the corporation’s business and affairs shall be subject to such provisions in regard thereto, if any, as are set forth in the Articles of Organization as from time to time in effect.

 

Section 2.  STOCKHOLDERS

 

2.1.

 

Annual Meeting . The annual meeting of Precision Optics Corporation, Inc.’s stockholders shall be held at 10:00 a.m. on the second Tuesday in November of each year (unless that day be a legal holiday at the place where the meeting is to be held, in which case the meeting shall be held at the same hour on the next succeeding day not a legal holiday) or at such other date and time as the board of directors shall determine from time to time.

 

 

 

2.2.

 

Special Meetings . The president or the directors may call a special meeting of the stockholders at any time. Each call of a meeting shall state the place, date, hour and purposes of the meeting.

 

 

 

2.3.

 

Place of Meetings . All meetings of the stockholders shall be held at the corporation’s principal office in Massachusetts or, to the extent permitted by the Articles of Organization, at such other place within the United States as the president or directors shall fix. Any adjourned session of any meeting of the stockholders shall be held at the same city or town as the initial session, or within Massachusetts, in either case at the place designated in the vote of adjournment.

 

 

 

2.4.

 

Notice of Meetings . A written notice of each meeting of stockholders, stating the place, date, and hour and the purposes of the meeting, shall be given at least seven days before the meeting to each stockholder entitled to vote thereat and to each stockholder who, by law, by the Articles of Organization, or by these By-laws, is entitled to notice, by leaving such notice with such stockholder or at his or her residence or usual place of business, or by mailing it, postage prepaid, addressed to such stockholder

 



 

 

 

at such stockholder’s address at it appears in the records of the corporation. The clerk or assistant clerk or an officer designated by the directors shall give such notice. Whenever notice of a meeting is required to be given to a stockholder under any provision of the Business Corporation Law of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, the Articles of Organization, or these By-laws, a written waiver thereof, executed before or after the meeting by such stockholder or his or her attorney thereunto authorized and filed with the records of the meeting, shall be deemed equivalent to such notice.

 

 

 

2.5.

 

Quorum of Stockholders . At any meeting of the stockholders, a quorum as to any matter shall consist of a majority of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter, except when the Articles of Organization or these By-laws require a larger quorum. Stock owned directly or indirectly by the corporation, if any, shall not be deemed outstanding for this purpose. Any meeting may be adjourned from time to time by a majority of the votes properly cast upon the question, whether or not a quorum is present, and the meeting may be held as adjourned without further notice.

 

 

 

2.6.

 

Action by Vote . When a quorum is present at any meeting, a plurality of the votes properly cast for election to any office shall elect to such office, and a majority of the votes properly cast upon any question other than an election to an office shall decide the question, except when the law, the Articles of Organization, or these By-laws require a larger vote. No ballot shall be required for any election unless requested by a stockholder present or represented at the meeting and entitled to vote in the election.

 

 

 

2.7.

 

Voting . Stockholders entitled to vote shall have one vote for each share of stock entitled to vote held by them of record according to the records of the corporation, unless otherwise provided by the Articles of Organization. The corporation shall not, directly or indirectly, vote any share of its own stock.

 

 

 

2.8.

 

Action by Writing . Any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the stockholders may be taken without a meeting if all stockholders entitled to vote on the matter consent to the action in writing and the written consents are filed with the records of the meeting of stockholders. Such consents shall be treated for all purposes as a vote at a meeting.

 

 

 

2.9.

 

Proxies . To the extent permitted by law, stockholders entitled to vote may vote either in person or by proxy. Except to the extent permitted by law, no proxy dated more than six months before the meeting named therein shall be valid. Unless otherwise specifically limited by their terms, such proxies shall entitle the holders thereof to vote at any adjournment of such meeting but shall not be valid after such meeting’s final adjournment.

 



 

Section 3.  BOARD OF DIRECTORS

 

3.1.

 

Number . At the annual meeting of stockholders such stockholders as have the right to vote for the election of directors shall fix the number of directors at not less than three nor more than five directors and shall elect the number of directors so fixed; provided, however, that the number of directors shall be fixed at not less than two whenever there shall be only two stockholders and not less than one whenever there shall be only one stockholder. The number of directors may be increased at any time or from time to time either by the stockholders or by the directors by vote of a majority of the directors then in office. The number of directors may be decreased to any number permitted by law at any time or from time to time either by the stockholders or by the directors by a vote of a majority of the directors then in office, but only to eliminate vacancies existing by reason of the death, resignation, removal, or disqualification of one or more directors. No director need be a stockholder.

 

 

 

3.2.

 

Tenure . Except as otherwise provided by law, by the Articles of Organization, or by these By-laws, each director shall hold office until the next annual meeting of the stockholders and until his or her successor is duly elected and qualified, or until he or she sooner dies, resigns, is removed, or becomes disqualified.

 

 

 

3.3.

 

Powers . Except as reserved to the stockholders by law, by the Articles of Organization, or by these By-laws, the business of the corporation shall be managed by the directors who shall have and may exercise all the powers of the corporation. In particular, and without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the directors may at any time issue all of them from time to time any part of the unissued capital stock of the corporation from time to time authorized under the Articles of Organization and may determine, subject to any requirements of law, the consideration for which stock is to be issued and the manner of allocating such consideration between capital and surplus.

 

 

 

3.4.

 

Committees . The directors may, by vote of a majority of the directors then in office, elect from their number an executive committee and other committees and delegate to any such committee or committees some or all of the powers of the directors except those which the law, the Articles of Organization, or these By-laws prohibit them from delegating. Except as the directors may otherwise determine, any such committee may make rules for the conduct of its business, but unless otherwise provided by the directors or such rules, its business shall be conducted as nearly as may be in the same manner as is provided by these By-laws for the conduct of business by the directors.

 



 

3.5.

 

Regular Meetings . Regular meetings of the directors may be held without call or notice at such places and at such times as the directors may from time to time determine, provided that reasonable notice of the first regular meeting following any such determination shall be given to absent directors. A regular meeting of the directors may be held without call or notice immediately after and at the same place as the annual meeting of the stockholders.

 

 

 

3.6.

 

Special Meetings . Special meetings of the directors may be held at any time and at any place designated in the call of the meeting, when called by the chairman of the board, if any, the president, or the treasurer or by two or more directors, reasonable notice thereof being given to each director by the secretary or an assistant secretary, or, if there be none, by the clerk or an assistant clerk, or by the officer or one of the directors calling the meeting.

 

 

 

3.7.

 

Notice . It shall be sufficient notice to a director to send notice by mail at least forty-eight hours or by telegram at least twenty-four hours before the meeting addressed to him or her at his or her usual or last known business or residence address or to give notice to him or her in person or by telephone at least twenty-four hours before the meeting. Notice of a meeting need not be given to any director if a written waiver of notice, executed by him or her before or after the meeting, is filed with the records of the meeting, or to any director who attends the meeting without protesting prior thereto or at its commencement the lack of notice to him or her. Neither notice of a meeting nor a waiver of a notice need specify the purposes of the meeting.

 

 

 

3.8.

 

Quorum . At any meeting of the directors a majority of the directors then in office shall constitute a quorum. Any meeting may be adjourned from time to time by a majority of the votes cast upon the question, whether or not a quorum is present, and the meeting may be held as adjourned without further notice.

 

 

 

3.9.

 

Action by Vote . When a quorum is present at any meeting, a majority of the directors present may take any action, except when the law, the Articles of Organization, or these By-laws require a larger vote.

 

 

 

3.10.

 

Action by Writing . Unless the Articles of Organization otherwise provide, any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the directors may be taken without a meeting if all the directors consent to the action in writing and the written consents are filed with the records of the meetings of the directors. Such consents shall be treated for all purposes as a vote taken at a meeting.

 



 

3.11.

 

Presence Through Communications Equipment . Unless otherwise provided by law or the Articles of Organization, members of the board of directors may participate in a meeting of such board by means of a conference telephone or similar communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other at the same time and participation by such means shall constitute presence in person at a meeting.

 

Section 4.  OFFICERS AND AGENTS

 

4.1.

 

Enumeration; Qualifications . The officers of the corporation shall be a president, treasurer, a clerk, and such other officers, if any, as the incorporators at their initial meeting, or the directors from time to time, may in their discretion elect or appoint. The corporation may also have such agents, if any, as the incorporators at their initial meeting, or the directors from time to time, may in their discretion appoint. Any officer may be but none need be a director or stockholder. The clerk shall be a resident of Massachusetts unless the corporation has a resident agent appointed for the purpose of service of process. Any two or more offices may be held by the same person. Any officer may be required by the directors to give bond for the faithful performance of his or her duties to the corporation in such amount and with such sureties as the directors may determine.

 

 

 

4.2.

 

Powers . Subject to law, to the Articles of Organization and to the other provisions of these By-laws, each officer shall have, in addition to the duties and powers herein set forth, such duties and powers as are commonly incident to his or her office and such duties and powers as the directors may from time to time designate.

 

 

 

4.3.

 

Election. The president, the treasurer, and the clerk shall be elected annually by the directors at their first meeting following the annual meeting of the stockholders. Other officers, if any, may be elected or appointed by the board of directors at said meeting or at any other time.

 

 

 

4.4.

 

Tenure . Except as otherwise provided by law or by the Articles of Organization or by these By-laws, the president, the treasurer, and the clerk shall hold office until the first meeting of the directors following the next annual meeting of the stockholders and until their respective successors are chosen and qualified, and each other officer shall hold office until the first meeting of the directors following the next annual meeting of the stockholders unless a shorter period shall have been specified by the terms of his or her election or appointment, or in each case until he sooner dies, resigns, is removed or becomes disqualified. Each agent shall retain his or her authority at the pleasure of the directors.

 



 

4.5.

 

Chief Executive Officer . The chief executive officer of the corporation shall be the chairman of the board, if any, the president, or such other officer as is designed by the directors and shall, subject to the control of the directors, have general charge and supervision of the business of the corporation. If no such designation is made, the president shall be the chief executive officer. Unless the board of directors otherwise specifies, if there is no chairman of the board, the chief executive officer shall preside, or designate the person who shall preside, at all meetings of the stockholders and of the board of directors.

 

 

 

4.6.

 

Chairman of the Board . If a chairman of the board of directors is elected, he or she shall have the duties and powers specified in these By-laws and shall have such other duties and powers as the directors may determine. Unless the board of directors otherwise specifies, the chairman of the board shall president, or designate the person who shall preside, at all meetings of the stockholders and of the board of directors.

 

 

 

4.7.

 

President and Vice Presidents . The president shall have the duties and powers specified in these By-laws and shall have such other duties and powers as the directors may determine.

 

 

 

 

 

Any vice presidents shall have such duties and powers as the directors shall designate from time to time.

 

 

 

4.8.

 

Treasurer and Assistant Treasurers . Except as the directors shall otherwise determine, the treasurer shall be the chief financial and accounting officer of the corporation and shall be in charge of its funds and valuable papers, books of account, and accounting records, and shall have such other duties and powers as the directors may designate from time to time.

 

 

 

 

 

Any assistant treasurers shall have such duties and powers as the directors shall designate from time to time.

 

 

 

4.9.

 

Clerk and Assistant Clerks . The clerk shall record all proceedings of the stockholders in a book or series of books to be kept therefor, which book or books shall be kept at the principal office of the corporation or at the office of its transfer agent or of its clerk and shall be open at all reasonable times to any stockholder’s inspection. In the absence of the clerk from any meeting of stockholders, an assistant clerk, or if there be none or he or she is absent, a temporary clerk chosen at the meeting, shall record the proceedings thereof in the aforesaid book. Unless a transfer agent has been appointed, the clerk shall keep or cause to be kept the stock and transfer records of the corporation, which shall contain the names and record addresses of all stockholders and the amount of stock held by each. If no secretary is elected, the clerk shall keep a true record of the

 



 

 

 

proceedings of all meetings of the directors and in his or her absence from any such meeting, an assistant clerk, or if there be none or he or she is absent, a temporary clerk chosen at the meeting, shall record the proceedings thereof.

 

 

 

 

 

Any assistant clerks shall have such other duties and powers as the directors shall designate from time to time.

 

 

 

4.10.

 

Secretary and Assistant Secretaries . If a secretary is elected, he or she shall keep a true record of the proceedings of all meetings of the directors and in his or her absence from any such meeting, an assistant secretary, or if there be none or he or she is absent, a temporary secretary chosen at the meeting, shall record the proceedings thereof.

 

 

 

 

 

Any assistant secretaries shall have such other duties and powers as the directors shall designate from time to time.

 

Section 5.  RESIGNATIONS AND REMOVALS

 

Any director or officer may resign at any time by delivering his or her resignation in writing to the chairman of the board, if any, the president, the treasurer, or the clerk or to a meeting of the directors. Such resignation shall be effective upon receipt unless specified to be effective at some other time. A director (including persons elected by directors to fill vacancies in the board) may be removed from office (a) with or without cause by the vote of the holders of a majority of the shares issued and outstanding and entitled to vote in the election of directors, provided that the directors of a class elected by a particular class of stockholders may be removed only by the vote of the holders of a majority of the shares of such class, or (b) with cause by the vote of a majority of the shares of such class, or (b) with cause by the vote of a majority of the directors then in office. The directors may remove any officer elected by them with or without cause by the vote of a majority of the directors then in office. A director or officer may be removed for cause only after reasonable notice and opportunity to be heard before the body proposing to remove him or her. No director or officer resigning, and (except where a right to receive compensation shall be expressly provided in a duly authorized written agreement with the corporation) no director or officer removed, shall have any right to any compensation as such director or officer for any period following his or her resignation or removal, or any right to damages on account of such removal, whether his or her compensation be by the month, by the year, or otherwise; unless in the case of a resignation, the directors, or in the case of a removal, the body acting on the removal, shall in their or its discretion provide for compensation.

 

Section 6.  VACANCIES

 

Any vacancy in the board of directors, including a vacancy resulting from the enlargement of the board, may be filled by the stockholders or, in the absence of stockholder action, by the directors by vote of a majority of the directors then in office.

 



 

The directors shall elect a successor if the office of the president, treasurer, or clerk becomes vacant and may elect a successor if any other office becomes vacant. Each such successor shall hold office for the unexpired term and in the case of the president, treasurer, and clerk until his or her successor is chosen and qualified, or in each case until he or she sooner dies, resigns, is removed, or becomes disqualified. The directors shall have and may exercise all their powers notwithstanding the existence of one or more vacancies in their number.

 

Section 7.  CAPITAL STOCK

 

7.1.

 

Number and Par Value . The total number of shares and the par value, if any, of each class of stock which the corporation is authorized to issue shall be as stated in the Articles of Organization.

 

 

 

7.2.

 

Shares Represented by Certificates and Uncertificated Shares . The board of directors may provide by resolution that some or all of any or all classes and series of shares shall be uncertificated shares. Unless such a resolution has been adopted, a stock holder shall be entitled to a certificate stating the number and the class and the designation of the series, if any, of the shares held by him or her, in such form as shall, in conformity to law, be prescribed from time to time by the directors. Such certificate shall be signed by the chairman of the board, if any, the president, or a vice president and by the treasurer or an assistant treasurer. Such signatures may be facsimiles if the certificate is signed by a transfer agent or by a registrar, other than a director, officer, or employee of the corporation. In case any officer who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed on such certificate shall have ceased to be such officer before such certificate is issued, it may be issued by the corporation with the same effect as if he or she were such officer at the time of its issue.

 

 

 

7.3.

 

Loss of Certificates . In the case of the alleged loss or destruction or the mutilation of a certificate of stock, a duplicate certificate may be issued in place thereof, upon such conditions as the directors may prescribe.

 

Section 8.  TRANSFER OF SHARES OF STOCK

 

8.1.

 

Transfer on Books. Subject to the restrictions, if any, stated or noted on the stock certificates, shares of stock may be transferred on the books of the corporation by the surrender to the corporation or its transfer agent of the certificate therefor properly endorsed or accompanied by a written assignment and power of attorney properly executed, with necessary transfer stamps affixed, and with such proof of the authenticity of signature as the directors or the transfer agent of the corporation may reasonably require. Except as may be otherwise required by law, by the Articles of Organization or by these By-laws, the corporation shall be

 



 

 

 

entitled to treat the record holder of stock as shown on its books as the owner of such stock for all purposes, including the payment of dividends and the right to receive notice and to vote with respect thereto, regardless of any transfer, pledge, or other disposition of such stock until the shares have been transferred on the books of the corporation in accordance with the requirements of these By-laws.

 

 

 

 

 

It shall be the duty of each stockholder to notify the corporation of his or her post office address.

 

 

 

8.2.

 

Record Date and Closing Transfer Books. The directors may fix in advance a time, which shall not be more than sixty days before the date of any meeting of stockholders or the date for the payment of any dividend or making of any distribution to stockholders or the last day on which the consent or dissent of stockholders may be effectively expressed for any purpose, as the record date for determining the stockholders having the right to notice of and to vote at such meeting and any adjournment thereof or the right to receive such dividend or distribution or the right to give such consent or dissent, and in such case only stockholders of record on such record date shall have such right, notwithstanding any transfer of stock on the books of the corporation after the record date; or without fixing such record date the directors may for any of such purposes close the transfer books for all or any part of such period. If no record date is fixed and the transfer books are not closed:

 

 

 

 

 

(1)  The record date for determining stockholders having the right to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the close of business on the date next preceding the day on which notice is given.

 

 

 

 

 

(2)  The record date for determining stockholders for any other purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the board of directors acts with respect thereto.

 

Section 9.  INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS

 

The corporation shall, to the extent legally permissible, indemnify each of its directors and officers (including persons who serve at its request as directors, officers, or trustees of another organization, or in any capacity with respect to any employee benefit plan) against all liabilities and expenses, including amounts paid in satisfaction of judgments, in compromise, or as fines and penalties, and counsel fees, reasonably incurred by him or her in connection with the defense or disposition of any action, suit, or other proceeding, whether civil or criminal, in which he or she may be involved or with which he or she may be threatened, while the office or thereafter, by reason of his or her being or having been such a director or officer, except with respect to any matter as to which he or she shall have been adjudicated in any proceeding not to have acted in good faith in the reasonable belief that his or her action was in the best interest of the

 



 

corporation (any person serving another organization in one or more of the indicated capacities at the request of the corporation who shall have acted in good faith in the reasonable belief that his or her action was in the best interest of such other organization to be deemed as having acted in such manner with respect to the corporation) or, to the extent that such matter relates to service with respect to any employee benefit plan, in the best interest of the participants or beneficiaries of such employee benefit plan; provided, however, that as to any matter disposed of by a compromise payment by such director or officer, pursuant to a consent decree or otherwise, no indemnification either for said payment or for any other expense shall be provided unless such compromise shall be approved as in the best interest of the corporation, after notice that it involves such indemnification:  (a) by a disinterested majority of the directors then in office; or (b) by a majority of the disinterested directors then in office, provided that there has been obtained an opinion in writing of independent legal counsel to the effect that such director or officer appears to have acted in good faith in the reasonable belief that his or her action was in the best interest of the corporation; or (c) by the holders of a majority of the outstanding stock at the time entitled to vote for directors, voting as a single class, exclusive of any stock owned by any interested director or officer. Expenses, including counsel fees, reasonably incurred by any director or officer in connection with the defense or disposition of any such action, suit, or other proceeding may be paid from time to time by the corporation in advance of the final disposition thereof upon receipt of an undertaking by such director or officer to repay the amounts so paid to the corporation if it is ultimately determined that indemnification for such expenses is not authorized under this section. The right of indemnification hereby provided shall not be exclusive of or affect any other rights to which any director or officer may be entitled. As used in this section, the terms “director” and “officer” include the relevant individual’s heirs, executors, and administrators, and an “interested” director or officer is one against whom in such capacity the proceedings in question or another proceeding on the same or similar grounds is then pending. Nothing contained in this section shall affect any rights to indemnification to which corporate personnel other than directors and officers may be entitled by contract or otherwise under law.

 

Section 10.  CORPORATE SEAL

 

The seal of the corporation shall, subject to alteration by the directors, consist of a flat-faced circular die with the word “Massachusetts” together with the name of the corporation and the year of its organization, cut or engraved thereon.

 

Section 11.  EXECUTIVE OF PAPERS

 

Except as the directors may generally or in particular cases authorize the execution thereof in some other manner, all deeds, leases, transfers, contracts, bonds, notes, checks, drafts, and other obligations made, accepted, or endorsed by the corporation shall be signed by the chairman of the board, if any, the president, a vice president, or the treasurer.

 



 

Section 12.  FISCAL YEAR

 

The fiscal year of the corporation shall end on June 30.

 

Section 13.  AMENDMENTS

 

These By-laws may be altered, amended, or repealed at any annual or special meeting of the stockholders called for the purpose, of which the notice shall specify the subject matter of the proposed alteration, amendment, or repeal or the sections to be affected thereby, by vote of the stockholders. These By-laws may also be altered, amended, or repealed by vote of a majority of the directors then in office, except that the directors shall not take any action which provides for indemnification of directors nor any action to amend this Section 13, and expect that the directors shall not take any action unless permitted by law.

 

Any By-law so altered, amended, or repealed by the directors may be further altered or amended or reinstated by the stockholders in the above manner.

 


Exhibit 10.15

 

GRAPHIC

 

December 11, 2008

 

[Holder name]

[Holder address]

 

Subject:                                                      Side Letter Agreement to the 10% Senior Secured Convertible Note between Precision Optics Corporation, Inc. and the Holder signatory thereto, dated June 25, 2008.

 

Dear Holder:

 

This Side Letter Agreement entered into on December 11, 2008, by and between Precision Optics Corporation, Inc. and the Holder signatory to the 10% Senior Secured Convertible Note, dated June 25, 2008 (the “Note”), will serve to modify the first paragraph of the Note to remedy a drafting mistake in the Note. Capitalized terms used herein which are not otherwise defined shall have the same meaning as those given to them in the Note.

 

The last sentence in the above-described paragraph is hereby modified as follows:

 

At the option of the Holder, accrued interest on this Note may be paid in newly issued, fully paid and nonassessable shares of Common Stock calculated in accordance with Section 4 herein.

 

No other terms, rights or provisions of the Note are or should be considered to have been modified by the terms of this Side Letter Agreement and each party retains all other rights, obligations, privileges and duties contained in the Agreement.

 

Agreed and Accepted on December 11, 2008:

 

Very truly yours,

 

 

 

Precision Optics Corporation, Inc.

 

 

 

 

 

Name: Richard E. Forkey

 

 

 

/s/ Richard E. Forkey

 

 

 

Name: Richard E. Forkey

 

Title: President and Chief Executive
Officer

 

 

 

December 11, 2008

 

Date

 

 

 

Agreed to and Accepted by:

 

 

 

Special Situations Fund III QP, L.P.

 

 

 

/s/ Austin W. Marxe

 

Name: Austin W. Marxe

 

Title: General Partner

 

 

 

December 17, 2008

 

Date

 

 

 

Special Situations Private Equity Fund, L.P.

 

 

 

/s/ Austin W. Marxe

 

Name: Austin W. Marxe

 

Title: General Partner

 

 

 

December 17, 2008

 

Date

 

 

 

/s/ Arnold Schumsky

 

Name: Arnold Schumsky

 

 

 

December 16, 2008

 

Date

 

 


Exhibit 23.1

 

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

 

To the Board of Directors
Precision Optics Corporation, Inc.

 

We consent to the inclusion of our report dated September 23, 2008 except with respect to the stock split discussed in Note 9 as to which the date is December 15, 2008 related to the financial statements as of and for the year ended June 30, 2008 in the Registration Statement on Form S-1 of Precision Optics Corporation, Inc., relating to the registration of 1,074,621 shares of common stock.

 

/s/ Stowe & Degon

 

Westborough, MA

December 15, 2008

 


Exhibit 23.2

 

CONSENT OF VITALE, CATURANO & COMPANY, LTD.

 

As independent registered public accountants, we hereby consent to the use of our report dated September 26, 2007 (except with respect to the reverse stock split discussed in Note 9 as to which the date is December 15, 2008) on the consolidated balance sheet of Precision Optics Corporation, Inc. and subsidiaries as of June 30, 2007 and related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity and cash flows for the year then ended, included in or made a part of this registration statement on Form S-1 and related prospectus.

 

/s/Vitale, Caturano & Company, Ltd.

 

 

VITALE, CATURANO & COMPANY, LTD.

 

 

Boston, Massachusetts

December 15, 2008