As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 8, 2019 |
File No. 33-8982 |
|
ICA No. 811-4852 |
U.S. SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM N-1A
|
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 |
x |
|
|
|
|
Pre-Effective Amendment No. |
o |
|
Post-Effective Amendment No. 167 |
x |
|
And |
|
|
|
|
|
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940 |
x |
|
Amendment No. 168 |
|
Victory Portfolios
(Exact name of Registrant as Specified in Trust Instrument)
4900 Tiedeman Road, 4 th Floor
Brooklyn, Ohio 44114
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
(800) 539-3863
(Area Code and Telephone Number)
Copy to:
Charles Booth Citi Fund Services Ohio, Inc. 4400 Easton Commons, Suite 200 Columbus, Ohio 43219 |
Christopher K. Dyer Victory Portfolios 4900 Tiedeman Road, 4 th Floor Brooklyn, OH 44144 |
Jay G. Baris Shearman & Sterling LLP 599 Lexington Avenue New York, New York 10022 |
Approximate Date of Proposed Public Offering: As soon as practicable after this registration statement becomes effective.
It is proposed that this filing will become effective:
o Immediately upon filing pursuant to paragraph (b)
x On (March 8, 2019) pursuant to paragraph (b)
o 60 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(1)
o On (date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(1)
o 75 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(2)
o On (date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) of Rule 485.
If appropriate, check the following box:
o This post-effective amendment designates a new effective date for a previously filed post-effective amendment.
March 8, 2019
Prospectus
Victory Harvest Premium Absolute Fund
Class A | Class C | Class I | Class R | Class R6 | Class Y |
HEANX | | | | | HEAIX |
Victory Harvest Premium Large Cap Equity Fund
Class A | Class C | Class I | Class R | Class R6 | Class Y |
HEENX | | | | | HEEIX |
Victory Harvest Premium Bond Fund
Class A | Class C | Class I | Class R | Class R6 | Class Y |
HEBNX | | | | | HEBIX |
Beginning on January 1, 2021, as permitted by regulations adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission, paper copies of the Victory Funds' shareholder reports will no longer be sent by mail, unless you specifically request paper copies of the reports from the Victory Funds or from your financial intermediary, such as a broker-dealer or bank. Instead, the reports will be made available on www.VictoryFunds.com, and you will be notified by mail each time a report is posted and provided with a website link to access the report. If you already elected to receive shareholder reports electronically, you will not be affected by this change, and you need not take any action. You may elect to receive shareholder reports and other communications from the Victory Funds or your financial intermediary electronically sooner than January 1, 2021 by notifying your financial intermediary directly or, if you are a direct investor, by calling 800-539-3863 or by sending an e-mail request to TA.Processing@FISGlobal.com. You may elect to receive all future reports in paper free of charge. If you invest through a financial intermediary, you can contact your financial intermediary to request that you continue to receive paper copies of your reports. If you invest directly with the Victory Funds, you can call 800-539-3863 or send an e-mail request to TA.Processing@FISGlobal.com. Your election to receive reports in paper will apply to all Victory Funds you hold directly or through your financial intermediary. |
As with all mutual funds, the Securities and Exchange Commission has not approved or disapproved the Funds' securities or determined whether this Prospectus is accurate or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
VictoryFunds.com
|
|
|
Table of Contents Harvest Premium Large Cap Equity Fund Organization and Management of the Funds |
Harvest Premium Absolute Fund Summary
Investment Objective
The Fund seeks to provide total return independent of general market direction.
Fund Fees and Expenses
The following table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. You may qualify for sales charge discounts if you and your immediate family invest, or agree to invest in the future, at least $50,000 in the Victory Funds. More information about these and other discounts is available in Investing with the Victory Funds on page 41 of the Fund's Prospectus, in Appendix A - Variations in Sales Charge Reductions and Waivers Available Through Certain Intermediaries and from your Investment Professional. You may also find information about these discounts in Additional Purchase, Exchange and Redemption Information on page 25 of the Fund's Statement of Additional Information ("SAI").
Shareholder Fees
(fees paid directly from your investment) |
Class A | Class Y |
Maximum Sales Charge (Load) Imposed on Purchases
(as a percentage of offering price) |
2.00% | NONE |
Maximum Deferred Sales Charge (Load)
(as a percentage of the lower of sale proceeds or the original offering price) |
NONE 1 | NONE |
Annual Fund Operating Expenses
(expenses are deducted from fund assets as a percentage of average daily net assets) |
||
Management Fees | 0.65% | 0.65% |
Distribution (12b-1) Fees | 0.25% | NONE |
Other Expenses 2 | ||
Interest Expense | 0.31% | 0.25% |
All Remaining Other Expenses | 1.15% | 0.44% |
Total Other Expenses | 1.46% | 0.69% |
Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses | 0.04% | 0.04% |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses 3 | 2.40% | 1.38% |
Fee Waiver/Expense Reimbursement 3 | (0.85)% | (0.14)% |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After
Fee Waiver/Expense Reimbursement 3 |
1.55% | 1.24% |
1 A contingent deferred sales charge of 0.75% may be imposed on Class A shares with respect to purchases of $1,000,000 or more that are redeemed within 12 months of purchase. For additional information, see the section entitled Choosing a Share Class .
2 "Other Expenses" reflect estimated expenses that the Fund expects to bear in the current fiscal year.
3 Victory Capital Management Inc., the Fund's investment adviser, ("Adviser") has contractually agreed to waive its management fee and/or reimburse expenses so that the total annual operating expenses (excluding Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses and certain items such as interest, taxes and brokerage commissions) do not exceed 1.20% and 0.95% of the Fund's Class A and Y shares, respectively, through at least March 31, 2021. The Adviser is permitted to recoup advisory fees waived and expenses reimbursed for up to three years after the fiscal year in which the waiver or reimbursement took place, subject to the lesser of any operating expense limits in effect at the time of: (a) the original waiver or expense reimbursement; or (b) the recoupment, after giving effect to the recoupment amount. This agreement may only be terminated by the Fund's Board of Trustees.
Example:
The following example is designed to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods shown, your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund's operating expenses remain the same. The amounts shown reflect the fee waiver/expense reimbursement in place through the expiration date, and are the same regardless whether you continue to hold your shares or sell them at the end of the period. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
1 Year | 3 Years | 5 Years | 10 Years | |
Class A | $355 | $769 | $1,299 | $2,750 |
Class Y | $126 | $409 | $728 | $1,632 |
Portfolio Turnover:
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or "turns over" its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover will generally indicate higher transaction costs, resulting in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual Fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund's performance. During the most recent fiscal period, the Fund's portfolio turnover rate was 72% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategy
The Fund pursues its investment objective by investing in a portfolio of cash, short-term cash-equivalent investments, and short-term investment-grade debt instruments such as money market funds, U.S. Treasury obligations, and commercial paper (the Core Investments) and implementing a collateral yield enhancement overlay strategy that utilizes relatively short-dated (i.e., typically initiated one to three months prior to expiration) S&P 500 ® Index option call spreads and put spreads (the Collateral Yield Enhancement Strategy). The Core Investments are intended to deliver returns with relatively low volatility and minimal interest rate and credit risk as well as no correlation to equity markets. The Collateral Yield Enhancement Strategy seeks to generate incremental returns with low correlation to the equity and bond markets under normal market conditions and is designed to enhance investment returns on the Core Investments whether the S&P 500 ® Index increases or decreases. The Adviser will determine the allocation of the Funds assets between the Core Investments and Collateral Yield Enhancement Strategy.
Typically, the Funds assets will be primarily allocated to the Core Investments. However, the investment team has the ability to increase the allocation to the Collateral Yield Enhancement Strategy if it deems it appropriate taking into consideration a number factors, such as the spread between implied versus realized volatility.
To implement the Collateral Yield Enhancement Strategy, the Fund utilizes a strategy involving option spreads. Generally, the Fund enters a spread position by buying and selling equal options on the same underlying security or index but with different strike prices or expiration dates. The Fund constructs options spreads using a technique called iron condors, which involve four option legs that are comprised of written (sold) out of the money call and put options on the S&P 500 ® Index and purchased further out of the money call and put options on the same index. The four options legs of an iron condor are designed to generate premiums within defined risk parameters and consist of two options spreads, with each leg at a different strike (exercise or expiration) price. These options spreads include a call option spread with strike (exercise or expiration) prices above the current price level of the index at the time of initiation and a put option spread with strike (exercise or expiration) prices below the current price level of the index at the time of initiation. The Funds options are on the S&P 500 ® Index only, usually traded on an exchange or through a central counterparty.
The Advisers goal is to structure the Funds iron condors such that, at expiration, the Fund retains the premiums received for the written (sold) options, which would be less the amounts paid for the purchased options and the amounts due at settlement, if any. In this instance, the written (sold) options would go unexercised and the Fund would retain upon expiration the full premium paid. Ultimately, the premiums earned and retained by the Fund (if any) through, and specific terms of, the Funds iron condors will vary based on market volatility and other factors at the time they are initiated. The Funds written (sold) options generally are covered because the Funds iron condor structures are intended to limit total Fund exposure attributable to, and create offsetting positions for, the written (sold) options.
In this structure, the written (sold) call and put options are designed to generate premiums (income) for the Fund as option holders (purchasers) pay a premium to the Fund in exchange for the right to obtain from the Fund, in cash, a fixed multiple of the amount by which the strike (exercise or expiration) price is less than (in the case of a call) or exceeds (in the case of a put) the price level of the index at expiration. These options, which are used for speculative purposes, create investment risks associated with the price level of the index and movements in the price level could result in losses to the Fund tied to the difference between the strike (exercise or expiration) price and the index price level, less the premium received by the Fund.
To mitigate the risks created by the Funds written (sold) options, the Fund simultaneously purchases call and put options on the S&P 500 ® Index generally with the same expiration date as the written (sold) options to complete the other two option legs that comprise the iron condor structure (i.e., these options are used for hedging purposes). The purchased options, which require the Fund pay a premium and are further out of the money at the time of initiation than the corresponding written (sold) options, are designed to define and limit the Funds risk exposure associated with the written (sold) options. These call and put options are intended to reduce the upside and downside risks, respectively, generated by the Funds written (sold) options because the Fund, as the option holder (purchaser), will obtain from the writer (seller), in cash, a fixed multiple of the amount by which the strike (exercise or expiration) price is less than (in the case of a call) or exceeds (in the case of a put) the price level of the index at expiration. As a result, the Funds potential loss on each option pair generally is limited to the difference between the strike (exercise or expiration) price of the written (sold) option and the strike (exercise or expiration) price of the corresponding purchased option plus the premium paid by the Fund for the purchased option.
The Collateral Yield Enhancement Strategy is based on, among other factors, the Advisers analysis of current and anticipated market volatility, market risks, underlying instrument valuations, and quantitative factors. Based on its analysis of relevant market and other factors, the Adviser actively manages the strategy to seek to quantify and mitigate associated risks through the structuring of different options pairs with laddered higher and lower strike (exercise or expiration) prices and staggered expiration dates across different durations, which collectively are intended to manage volatility risks and diversify duration risk. The Adviser, in its discretion, also proactively adjusts or closes out positions to seek to limit directional risk and reduce exposure to adverse market events, such as significant volatility. For example, if the Adviser believes that the market is more stable than usual, it may increase the spreads of the option strategy to seek to enhance returns. Similarly, if the Adviser believes that the market is more volatile than usual, it may decrease the spreads of the option strategy to seek to mitigate potential losses.
The Adviser may actively trade a Fund's options positions and, at times, other securities, which may lead to increased management risks and higher transaction costs that may affect the Fund's performance. In addition, active trading of portfolio securities may lead to higher taxes if your Fund shares are held in a taxable account. In general, the turnover of the Funds' Core Investments is anticipated to be relatively low.
Principal Risks
The Fund's investments are subject to the following principal risks:
Options Risk Writing (selling) or purchasing an option involves the payment by the option holder (purchaser) and receipt by the seller of a premium and the corresponding right or obligation, as the case may be, to either purchase or sell the underlying instrument for a specific price at a certain time or during a certain period. Writing (selling) options involves greater risk because the seller is exposed to the extent of the actual price movement in the underlying security rather than only the premium payment received. The premiums received by the Fund for writing (selling) an option may be insufficient to offset its losses sustained from market movements that are adverse to the strike (exercise or expiration) price of the written (sold) options. Purchasing options involves the risk that the underlying instrument will not change price in the manner expected, so that the option holder (purchaser) loses its premium.
Writing (selling) call options involves the risk that the seller may be obligated to deliver securities at less than their current market price and, in the case of an uncovered or unhedged written option, the risk of loss is theoretically unlimited. Writing (selling) put options involves the risk that the seller must purchase the securities at more than their current market price.
The Fund intends to write (sell) and purchase call and put options on an equity index. Options on an index are similar to options on securities but because no underlying security can be delivered the option represents the right of the option holder (purchaser) to obtain from the writer (seller), in cash, a fixed multiple of the amount by which the exercise price exceeds (in the case of a put) or is less than (in the case of a call) the price level of the index at expiration.
Purchasing and writing (selling) put and call options are highly specialized activities and entail greater than ordinary investment risks. An investment in options may be subject to greater fluctuation than an investment in the underlying index or instrument itself. Successful use by the Fund of options on an equity index depends on the ability of the Adviser to correctly predict changes in the indexs volatility or other market factors. During periods of sudden and significant volatility in the equity markets, the Funds Collateral Yield Enhancement Strategy will be adversely affected. As a result, the Funds net asset value per share may experience significant increases or decreases over short time periods. No assurance can be given that the Advisers judgment in this respect will be correct or that during certain market conditions the Fund will be able to close its written (sold) options, which may result in substantial losses to the Fund. In addition, the Funds use of purchased options intended to define or mitigate risk may be inadequate or unsuccessful.
Derivatives Risk The options in which the Fund invests are derivatives. They involve risks different from, and in some respects greater than, the risks associated with investing in more traditional investments, such as stocks and bonds. Derivatives can be highly complex and highly volatile and may perform in unanticipated ways. Derivatives may create leverage, and the loss on derivative transactions may substantially exceed the Funds initial investment. Derivatives can be difficult to value and may at times be highly illiquid, and the Fund may not be able to close out (or sell) or purchase a derivative at a particular time or at an anticipated price.
Leverage Risk Options create leverage and expose the Fund to additional levels of risk, including greater losses from investments and increased volatility, than would otherwise have been the case had the Fund not engaged in the activities that created the leverage.
Debt Securities Risk Investments in debt securities, including bonds, subject the Fund to the risk that the value of these securities overall will decline because of rising interest rates. Similarly, the Fund is subject to the risk that the Funds income will decline because of falling interest rates if the Fund holds floating or variable rate debt securities. Investments in debt securities will also be subject to the credit risk created when a debt issuer fails to pay interest and principal in a timely manner, or that negative perceptions of the issuers ability to make such payments will cause the price of that security to decline. A downgrade or default affecting the issuer of any debt securities held by the Fund would adversely affect the Funds performance. The Funds performance will be adversely affected if borrowers pay back principal on certain debt securities before or after the market anticipates such payments, shortening (prepayment) or lengthening (extension) their duration.
Counterparty Risk Certain investments or investment transactions, such as options, are subject to the risk that the Funds counterparty will become insolvent or otherwise be unwilling or unable to perform its obligations in a timely manner or at all. As a result, the Fund would be unable to recover its investment from the counterparty or would obtain a limited recovery, and/or recovery would be delayed, which would result in a loss to the Fund.
Liquidity and Valuation Risk The Fund may be unable to sell an investment at a desirable time or at the value the Fund has placed on the investment. The valuation of the Funds investments may require subjective judgments and the Funds ability to value its investments in an accurate and timely manner may be impacted by technological issues and/or errors by third party service providers.
Market Risk The Funds investments and performance may be affected by, among other market factors, business, financial, political, economic or legal uncertainties. There can be no assurance that the Adviser will correctly evaluate the nature and magnitude of the various factors that could affect the value of and return on investments. Prices of investments are volatile, and a variety of factors that are inherently difficult to predict, such as domestic or international economic and political developments, will significantly affect the results of the Funds activities and the value of its investments.
Active Trading Risk The Adviser will actively trade the Funds portfolio, which leads to higher turnover and brokerage commission expenses. Each would negatively affect the Funds returns and can increase tax liability. In addition, writing (selling) and purchasing options could result in additional turnover and transaction costs.
Management Risk The Funds performance depends on the success of the portfolio managers in implementing the Funds investment strategies in pursuit of the Funds investment objective. To a significant extent, the Funds performance will depend on the success of the Funds Collateral Yield Enhancement Strategy and the Advisers effectiveness in evaluating relevant market risk and volatility and the success of the Advisers quantitative analysis. The techniques and judgments of the Adviser may fail to produce the desired or intended result.
New Fund Risk The Fund recently commenced operations and has limited operating history and started operations with a small asset base. There can be no assurance that the Fund will be successful or grow to or maintain a viable size.
Commercial Paper Risk The value of the Funds investment in commercial paper, which is generally unsecured, is susceptible to changes in interest rates and the issuers financial condition or credit quality. Investments in commercial paper are subject to the risk that the issuer cannot issue enough new commercial paper to satisfy its obligations with respect to its outstanding commercial paper.
Other Investment Company Risk The Funds performance will be affected by the performance of other investment companies in which it invests. Investments in ETFs and other investment companies are subject to the risks of the other investment companies investments, as well as to the other investment companies expenses. An ETF may trade in the secondary market at a price below or above the value of its underlying portfolio and may not be liquid. In addition, an ETF may not replicate exactly the performance of the index it seeks to track for a number of reasons.
U.S. Government Securities Risk Although the Fund may hold securities that carry U.S. government guarantees, these guarantees do not extend to shares of the Fund itself and do not guarantee the market prices of the securities. Furthermore, not all securities issued by the U.S. government and its agencies and instrumentalities are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Treasury.
You may lose money by investing in the Fund. There is no guarantee that the Fund will achieve its objective. An investment in the Fund is not a bank deposit and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) or any other government agency.
By itself, the Fund does not constitute a complete investment plan and should be considered a long-term investment for investors who can afford to weather changes in the value of their investment.
Investment Performance
The bar chart and table that follow are intended to help you understand some of the risks of investing in the Fund. The bar chart shows you how the Fund's calendar year performance has varied over the past 10 years (or the life of the Fund if shorter). The table compares the Funds average annual total returns of the Fund's share classes, including applicable maximum sales charges, over the same period to a broad measure of market performance. We assume reinvestment of dividends and distributions.
The Fund has selected the Cboe S&P 500 Iron Condor Index as a secondary index. The Cboe S&P 500 Iron Condor Index is designed to track the performance of a hypothetical option trading strategy that sells out-of-the-money S&P 500 ® Index put and call options and takes a portion of those sales to buy out-of-the-money S&P 500 ® Index put and call options.
Performance data for the classes varies based on differences in their fee and expense structures. The Fund's past performance (before and after taxes) does not necessarily indicate how the Fund will perform in the future. Updated performance information is available on the Fund's website at VictoryFunds.com.
Performance information for the Funds Class A and Y shares prior to March 31, 2019 reflects the historical performance of, respectively, the Investor and Institutional Class shares of the Harvest Edge Absolute Fund, a series of Harvest Volatility Edge Trust (the predecessor to the Fund managed by Harvest Volatility Management, LLC (Harvest Volatility)) (the Predecessor Fund). The Funds performance has not been restated to reflect any differences in expenses paid by the Predecessor Fund and those paid by the Fund.
Performance information for the Predecessor Fund prior to its commencement of operations (December 19, 2017) is that of a privately offered fund managed by Harvest Volatility that was reorganized into the Predecessor Fund as of that date (net of actual fees and expenses charged to the privately offered fund). This privately offered fund commenced operations on October 1, 2009 and had an investment objective, strategies, policies, restrictions and guidelines that were, in all material respects, the same as those of the Predecessor Fund, and was managed in a manner that, in all material respects, complied with the investment guidelines and restrictions of the Predecessor Fund. However, the privately offered fund was not registered as an investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (1940 Act), and the privately offered fund was not subject to certain investment limitations, diversification requirements, liquidity requirements, and other restrictions imposed by the 1940 Act and the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 which, if applicable, may have adversely affected its performance.
The performance of the privately offered fund has not been restated to reflect the fees, estimated expenses and fee waivers and/or expense limitations applicable to each class of shares of the Fund. If the performance of the privately offered fund had been restated to reflect these items, the performance could have been lower than the performance shown in the bar chart and Average Annual Total Returns table below for both share classes. For periods following the Funds commencement of operations on December 19, 2017, the performance of each class of shares will differ as a result of the different levels of fees and expenses applicable to each class of shares.
Calendar Year Returns for Class Y Shares
(The annual return in the bar chart is for the Fund's least expensive class of shares, Class Y shares. Due to differing charges and expenses, the performance of classes not shown in the bar chart will differ.)
Highest Quarter | 5.92% (quarter ended June 30, 2018) |
Lowest Quarter | -18.83% (quarter ended December 31, 2018) |
Average Annual Total Returns
(For the Periods Ended December 31, 2018) |
1 Year | 5 Years |
Since
Inception 1 |
CLASS Y Before Taxes | -15.41% | -0.74% | 1.76% |
CLASS Y After Taxes on Distributions | -15.61% | -0.78% | 1.73% |
CLASS Y After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares | -9.11% | -0.58% | 1.35% |
CLASS A Before Taxes | -15.60% | -0.78% | 1.73% |
Index | |||
Bloomberg Barclays 1-3 Month U.S. Treasury Bill Index
Index returns reflect no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes. 2 |
1.83% | 0.59% | 0.36% |
Cboe S&P 500 Iron Condor Index
Index returns reflect no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes. 2 |
-5.28% | -0.30% | -0.42% |
1 Inception date of the Fund is October 1, 2009.
2 The index returns do not reflect deductions for fees, expenses or taxes.
After-tax returns use the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the effect of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on your tax situation and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns shown are not relevant if you own your Fund shares through tax-deferred arrangements, such as 401(k) plans or individual retirement accounts. After-tax returns are shown for only one share class. The after-tax returns for other classes will vary.
Management of the Fund
Investment Adviser
Victory Capital Management Inc. ("Adviser") serves as the Fund's investment adviser. The portfolio managers primarily responsible for day-to-day management of the Fund are members of the Adviser's Harvest Volatility Management ("Harvest") investment franchise.
Investment Team
Title | Tenure with the Fund | |
Richard L. Selvala, Jr. | Managing Partner | Since inception |
Curtis F. Brockelman, Jr. | Managing Partner | Since inception |
Michael Zigmont, CFA | Managing Director | Since inception |
Tim Knowles | Partner | Since inception |
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
Investment Minimums | Class A | Class Y |
Minimum Initial Investment | $2,500 | $1,000,000 |
Minimum Subsequent Investments | $50 | NONE |
For Class A shares a $1,000 minimum initial purchase amount and a $50 minimum subsequent purchase amount apply for Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs), gift/transfer to minor accounts, and purchases through automatic investment plans.
You may redeem your shares on any day the Fund is open for business. Redemption requests may be made by telephone (with prior appropriate approval) or by mail.
When you buy and redeem shares, the Fund will price your transaction at the next-determined net asset value ("NAV") after the Fund receives your request in good order, which means that your request contains all the required documentation, and that all documents contain required signatures or signature guarantees from a financial institution.
Tax Information
The Fund's distributions are taxable whether you receive them in cash, additional shares of the Fund or you reinvest them in shares of another Victory Fund, and will be taxed as ordinary income or capital gains, unless you are investing through a tax-deferred arrangement, such as a 401(k) plan or an individual retirement account. Taxes may be imposed on withdrawals from tax-deferred arrangements.
Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries
If you purchase the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Fund and its related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the financial intermediary and its salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary's website for more information.
Harvest Premium Large Cap Equity Fund Summary
Investment Objective
The Fund seeks investment results that generally correspond to the total return performance of U.S. large capitalization equity securities while generating incremental income.
Fund Fees and Expenses
The following table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. You may qualify for sales charge discounts if you and your immediate family invest, or agree to invest in the future, at least $50,000 in the Victory Funds. More information about these and other discounts is available in Investing with the Victory Funds on page 41 of the Fund's Prospectus, in Appendix A - Variations in Sales Charge Reductions and Waivers Available Through Certain Intermediaries and from your Investment Professional. You may also find information about these discounts in Additional Purchase, Exchange and Redemption Information on page 25 of the Fund's Statement of Additional Information ("SAI").
Shareholder Fees
(fees paid directly from your investment) |
Class A | Class Y |
Maximum Sales Charge (Load) Imposed on Purchases
(as a percentage of offering price) |
2.00% | NONE |
Maximum Deferred Sales Charge (Load)
(as a percentage of the lower of sale proceeds or the original offering price) |
NONE 1 | NONE |
Annual Fund Operating Expenses
(expenses are deducted from fund assets as a percentage of average daily net assets) |
||
Management Fees | 0.55% | 0.55% |
Distribution (12b-1) Fees | 0.25% | NONE |
Other Expenses 2 | ||
Interest Expense | 0.11% | 0.11% |
All Remaining Other Expenses | 4.70% | 4.06% |
Total Other Expenses | 4.81% | 4.17% |
Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses | 0.10% | 0.10% |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses 3 | 5.71% | 4.82% |
Fee Waiver/Expense Reimbursement 3 | (4.35)% | (3.71)% |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After
Fee Waiver/Expense Reimbursement 3 |
1.36% | 1.11% |
1 A contingent deferred sales charge of 0.75% may be imposed on Class A shares with respect to purchases of $1,000,000 or more that are redeemed within 12 months of purchase. For additional information, see the section entitled Choosing a Share Class .
2 "Other Expenses" reflect estimated expenses that the Fund expects to bear in the current fiscal year.
3 Victory Capital Management Inc., the Fund's investment adviser, ("Adviser") has contractually agreed to waive its management fee and/or reimburse expenses so that the total annual operating expenses (excluding Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses and certain items such as interest, taxes and brokerage commissions) do not exceed 1.15% and 0.90% of the Fund's Class A and Y shares, respectively, through at least March 31, 2021. The Adviser is permitted to recoup advisory fees waived and expenses reimbursed for up to three years after the fiscal year in which the waiver or reimbursement took place, subject to the lesser of any operating expense limits in effect at the time of: (a) the original waiver or expense reimbursement; or (b) the recoupment, after giving effect to the recoupment amount. This agreement may only be terminated by the Fund's Board of Trustees.
Example:
The following example is designed to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods shown, your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund's operating expenses remain the same. The amounts shown reflect the fee waiver/expense reimbursement in place through the expiration date, and are the same regardless whether you continue to hold your shares or sell them at the end of the period. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
1 Year | 3 Years | 5 Years | 10 Years | |
Class A | $336 | $1,075 | $2,260 | $5,150 |
Class Y | $113 | $751 | $1,796 | $4,423 |
Portfolio Turnover:
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or "turns over" its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover will generally indicate higher transaction costs, resulting in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual Fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund's performance. During the most recent fiscal period, the Fund's portfolio turnover rate was 0% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategy
The Fund pursues its investment objective by investing in a portfolio of U.S. equity securities and equity index exchange-traded funds (ETFs) with a high portfolio correlation to the S&P 500 ® Index (the Core Investments) and implementing a collateral yield enhancement overlay strategy that utilizes relatively short-dated (i.e., typically initiated one to three months prior to expiration) S&P 500 ® Index option call spreads and put spreads (the Collateral Yield Enhancement Strategy). The Core Investments are intended to deliver returns that are highly correlated to the S&P 500 ® Index. The Collateral Yield Enhancement Strategy seeks to generate incremental returns with low correlation to the equity and bond markets under normal market conditions and is designed to enhance investment returns on Core Investments whether the S&P 500 ® Index increases or decreases. The incremental returns sought by the Collateral Yield Enhancement Strategy are intended to be additive to the equity market returns generated by the Funds Core Investments.
Under normal circumstances, the Fund invests at least 80% of its assets in equity securities, or other investments with similar economic characteristics (such as ETFs and other pooled investment vehicles that invest in equity securities), of companies considered to be (at the time of purchase) large-capitalization companies. For these purposes, large-capitalization companies are those included in the S&P 500 ® Index (i.e., Core Investments). Any derivatives counted towards the Fund's 80% policy will be valued at market value. The investment team intends to utilize the Core Investments to replicate directly or indirectly, within this portion of the Fund, the constituent securities of the S&P 500 ® Index as closely as possible. The Funds equity securities may include common and preferred stock. The S&P 500 ® Index is a widely recognized benchmark of U.S. stock market performance that is dominated by the stocks of large U.S. companies. The Fund intends to invest primarily in ETFs at least until the investment team believes that the Fund has reached a scale that facilitates efficient implementation of the Funds principal investment strategies relating to Core Investments primarily through direct investments in equity securities.
To implement the Collateral Yield Enhancement Strategy, the Fund utilizes a strategy involving option spreads. Generally, the Fund enters a spread position by buying and selling equal options on the same underlying security or index but with different strike prices or expiration dates. The Fund constructs options spreads using a technique called iron condors, which involve four option legs that are comprised of written (sold) out of the money call and put options on the S&P 500 ® Index and purchased further out of the money call and put options on the same index. The four options legs of an iron condor are designed to generate premiums within defined risk parameters and consist of two options spreads, with each leg at a different strike (exercise or expiration) price. These options spreads include a call option spread with strike (exercise or expiration) prices above the current price level of the index at the time of initiation and a put option spread with strike (exercise or expiration) prices below the current price level of the index at the time of initiation. The Funds options are on the S&P 500 ® Index only, usually traded on an exchange or through a central counterparty.
The Advisers goal is to structure the Funds iron condors such that, at expiration, the Fund retains the premiums received for the written (sold) options, which would be less the amounts paid for the purchased options and the amounts due at settlement, if any. In this instance, the written (sold) options would go unexercised and the Fund would retain upon expiration the full premium paid. Ultimately, the premiums earned and retained by the Fund (if any) through, and specific terms of, the Funds iron condors will vary based on market volatility and other factors at the time they are initiated. The Funds written (sold) options generally are covered because the Funds iron condor structures are intended to limit total Fund exposure attributable to, and create offsetting positions for, the written (sold) options.
In this structure, the written (sold) call and put options are designed to generate premiums (income) for the Fund as option holders (purchasers) pay a premium to the Fund in exchange for the right to obtain from the Fund, in cash, a fixed multiple of the amount by which the strike (exercise or expiration) price is less than (in the case of a call) or exceeds (in the case of a put) the price level of the index at expiration. These options, which are used for speculative purposes, create investment risks associated with the price level of the index and movements in the price level could result in losses to the Fund tied to the difference between the strike (exercise or expiration) price and the index price level, less the premium received by the Fund.
To mitigate the risks created by the Funds written (sold) options, the Fund simultaneously purchases call and put options on the S&P 500 ® Index generally with the same expiration date as the written (sold) options to complete the other two option legs that comprise the iron condor structure (i.e., these options are used for hedging purposes). The purchased options, which require the Fund pay a premium and are further out of the money at the time of initiation than the corresponding written (sold) options, are designed to define and limit the Funds risk exposure associated with the written (sold) options. These call and put options are intended to reduce the upside and downside risks, respectively, generated by the Funds written (sold) options because the Fund, as the option holder (purchaser), will obtain from the writer (seller), in cash, a fixed multiple of the amount by which the strike (exercise or expiration) price is less than (in the case of a call) or exceeds (in the case of a put) the price level of the index at expiration. As a result, the Funds potential loss on each option pair generally is limited to the difference between the strike (exercise or expiration) price of the written (sold) option and the strike (exercise or expiration) price of the corresponding purchased option plus the premium paid by the Fund for the purchased option.
The Collateral Yield Enhancement Strategy is based on, among other factors, the Advisers analysis of current and anticipated market volatility, market risks, underlying instrument valuations, and quantitative factors. Based on its analysis of relevant market and other factors, the Adviser actively manages the strategy to seek to quantify and mitigate associated risks through the structuring of different options pairs with laddered higher and lower strike (exercise or expiration) prices and staggered expiration dates across different durations, which collectively are intended to manage volatility risks and diversify duration risk. The Adviser, in its discretion, also proactively adjusts or closes out positions to seek to limit directional risk and reduce exposure to adverse market events, such as significant volatility. For example, if the Adviser believes that the market is more stable than usual, it may increase the spreads of the option strategy to seek to enhance returns. Similarly, if the Adviser believes that the market is more volatile than usual, it may decrease the spreads of the option strategy to seek to mitigate potential losses.
The Adviser may actively trade a Fund's options positions and, at times, other securities, which may lead to increased management risks and higher transaction costs that may affect the Fund's performance. In addition, active trading of portfolio securities may lead to higher taxes if your Fund shares are held in a taxable account. In general, the turnover of the Funds' Core Investments is anticipated to be relatively low.
Principal Risks
The Fund's investments are subject to the following principal risks:
Options Risk Writing (selling) or purchasing an option involves the payment by the option holder (purchaser) and receipt by the seller of a premium and the corresponding right or obligation, as the case may be, to either purchase or sell the underlying instrument for a specific price at a certain time or during a certain period. Writing (selling) options involves greater risk because the seller is exposed to the extent of the actual price movement in the underlying security rather than only the premium payment received. The premiums received by the Fund for writing (selling) an option may be insufficient to offset its losses sustained from market movements that are adverse to the strike (exercise or expiration) price of the written (sold) options. Purchasing options involves the risk that the underlying instrument will not change price in the manner expected, so that the option holder (purchaser) loses its premium.
Writing (selling) call options involves the risk that the seller may be obligated to deliver securities at less than their current market price and, in the case of an uncovered or unhedged written option, the risk of loss is theoretically unlimited. Writing (selling) put options involves the risk that the seller must purchase the securities at more than their current market price.
The Fund intends to write (sell) and purchase call and put options on an equity index. Options on an index are similar to options on securities but because no underlying security can be delivered the option represents the right of the option holder (purchaser) to obtain from the writer (seller), in cash, a fixed multiple of the amount by which the exercise price exceeds (in the case of a put) or is less than (in the case of a call) the price level of the index at expiration.
Purchasing and writing (selling) put and call options are highly specialized activities and entail greater than ordinary investment risks. An investment in options may be subject to greater fluctuation than an investment in the underlying index or instrument itself. Successful use by the Fund of options on an equity index depends on the ability of the Adviser to correctly predict changes in the indexs volatility or other market factors. During periods of sudden and significant volatility in the equity markets, the Funds Collateral Yield Enhancement Strategy will be adversely affected. As a result, the Funds net asset value per share may experience significant increases or decreases over short time periods. No assurance can be given that the Advisers judgment in this respect will be correct or that during certain market conditions the Fund will be able to close its written (sold) options, which may result in substantial losses to the Fund. In addition, the Funds use of purchased options intended to define or mitigate risk may be inadequate or unsuccessful.
Derivatives Risk The options in which the Fund invests are derivatives. They involve risks different from, and in some respects greater than, the risks associated with investing in more traditional investments, such as stocks and bonds. Derivatives can be highly complex and highly volatile and may perform in unanticipated ways. Derivatives may create leverage, and the loss on derivative transactions may substantially exceed the Funds initial investment. Derivatives can be difficult to value and may at times be highly illiquid, and the Fund may not be able to close out (or sell) or purchase a derivative at a particular time or at an anticipated price.
Leverage Risk Options create leverage and expose the Fund to additional levels of risk, including greater losses from investments and increased volatility, than would otherwise have been the case had the Fund not engaged in the activities that created the leverage.
Equity Securities Risk The price or value of the Funds investments in a companys equity securities, such as common or preferred stock, may rise or fall rapidly or unpredictably and are subject to real or perceived changes in the companys financial condition and overall market and economic conditions. Equity securities are normally more volatile than fixed-income investments. Common stocks generally represent the riskiest investment in a company and preferred stocks generally rank junior to a companys debt with respect to dividends, which the company may or may not declare.
Large Capitalization Stock Risk The securities of large cap companies may underperform the securities of smaller cap companies or the market as a whole. The growth rate of larger, more established companies may lag those of smaller companies, especially during periods of economic expansion.
Issuer-Specific Risk Changes in the financial condition of an issuer or counterparty, changes in specific economic or political conditions that affect a particular type of security or issuer, and changes in general economic or political conditions can increase the risk of default by an issuer or counterparty, which would affect a securitys or instruments value.
Counterparty Risk Certain investments or investment transactions, such as options, are subject to the risk that the Funds counterparty will become insolvent or otherwise be unwilling or unable to perform its obligations in a timely manner or at all. As a result, the Fund would be unable to recover its investment from the counterparty or would obtain a limited recovery, and/or recovery would be delayed, which would result in a loss to the Fund.
Market Risk The Funds investments and performance may be affected by, among other market factors, business, financial, political, economic or legal uncertainties. There can be no assurance that the Adviser will correctly evaluate the nature and magnitude of the various factors that could affect the value of and return on investments. Prices of investments are volatile, and a variety of factors that are inherently difficult to predict, such as domestic or international economic and political developments, will significantly affect the results of the Funds activities and the value of its investments.
Active Trading Risk The Adviser will actively trade the Funds portfolio, which leads to higher turnover and brokerage commission expenses. Each would negatively affect the Funds returns and can increase tax liability. In addition, writing (selling) and purchasing options could result in additional turnover and transaction costs.
Management Risk Although a portion of the Funds assets will be invested in a manner that is designed to deliver returns that are highly correlated to an index, the Fund does not seek to provide overall investment results that, before fees and expenses, correspond generally to the performance of an index. However, there is no guarantee that the Funds Core Investments will achieve high correlation to the S&P 500 ® Index. As a result of the Funds Collateral Yield Enhancement Strategy, the Funds performance will likely vary, by design and potentially significantly, from the performance of the S&P 500 ® Index.
The Funds performance depends on the success of the portfolio managers in implementing the Funds investment strategies in pursuit of the Funds investment objective. To a significant extent, the Funds performance will depend on the success of the Funds Collateral Yield Enhancement Strategy and the Advisers effectiveness in evaluating relevant market risk and volatility and the success of the Advisers quantitative analysis. The techniques and judgments of the Adviser may fail to produce the desired or intended result.
New Fund Risk The Fund recently commenced operations and has limited operating history and started operations with a small asset base. There can be no assurance that the Fund will be successful or grow to or maintain a viable size.
Other Investment Company Risk The Funds performance will be affected by the performance of other investment companies in which it invests. Investments in ETFs and other investment companies are subject to the risks of the other investment companies investments, as well as to the other investment companies expenses. An ETF may trade in the secondary market at a price below or above the value of its underlying portfolio and may not be liquid. In addition, an ETF may not replicate exactly the performance of the index it seeks to track for a number of reasons.
You may lose money by investing in the Fund. There is no guarantee that the Fund will achieve its objective. An investment in the Fund is not a bank deposit and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) or any other government agency.
By itself, the Fund does not constitute a complete investment plan and should be considered a long-term investment for investors who can afford to weather changes in the value of their investment.
Investment Performance
The bar chart and table that follow are intended to help you understand some of the risks of investing in the Fund. The bar chart shows you how the Fund's calendar year performance has varied over the past 10 years (or the life of the Fund if shorter). The table compares the Funds average annual total returns of the Fund's share classes, including applicable maximum sales charges, over the same period to a broad measure of market performance. We assume reinvestment of dividends and distributions.
Performance data for the classes varies based on differences in their fee and expense structures. The Fund's past performance (before and after taxes) does not necessarily indicate how the Fund will perform in the future. Updated performance information is available on the Fund's website at VictoryFunds.com.
Performance information for the Fund's Class A and Y Shares prior to March 31, 2019 reflects the historical performance of, respectively, the Investor and Institutional Class shares of the Harvest Edge Equity Fund, a series of Harvest Volatility Edge Trust (the predecessor to the Fund managed by Harvest Volatility Management, LLC) (the "Predecessor Fund"). The Fund's performance has not been restated to reflect any differences in expenses paid by the Predecessor Fund and those paid by the Fund.
Calendar Year Returns for Class Y Shares
(The annual return in the bar chart is for the Fund's least expensive class of shares, Class Y shares. Due to differing charges and expenses, the performance of classes not shown in the bar chart will differ.)
Highest Quarter | 7.64% (quarter ended September 30, 2018) |
Lowest Quarter | -22.63% (quarter ended December 31, 2018) |
Average Annual Total Returns
(For the Periods Ended December 31, 2018) |
1 Year |
Since
Inception 1 |
CLASS Y Before Taxes | -15.88% | -15.54% |
CLASS Y After Taxes on Distributions | -16.19% | -15.84% |
CLASS Y After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares | -9.41% | -11.96% |
CLASS A Before Taxes | -15.94% | -15.68% |
Index | ||
S&P 500 Total Return Index
(reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes) 2 |
-4.38% | -4.76% |
1 Inception date of Class A and Y shares is December 18, 2017.
2 The index returns do not reflect deductions for fees, expenses or taxes.
After-tax returns use the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the effect of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on your tax situation and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns shown are not relevant if you own your Fund shares through tax-deferred arrangements, such as 401(k) plans or individual retirement accounts. After-tax returns are shown for only one share class. The after-tax returns for other classes will vary.
Management of the Fund
Investment Adviser
Victory Capital Management Inc. ("Adviser") serves as the Fund's investment adviser. The portfolio managers primarily responsible for day-to-day management of the Fund are members of the Adviser's Harvest Volatility Management ("Harvest") investment franchise.
Investment Team
Title | Tenure with the Fund | |
Richard L. Selvala, Jr. | Managing Partner | Since inception |
Curtis F. Brockelman, Jr. | Managing Partner | Since inception |
Michael Zigmont, CFA | Managing Director | Since inception |
Tim Knowles | Partner | Since inception |
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
Investment Minimums | Class A | Class Y |
Minimum Initial Investment | $2,500 | $1,000,000 |
Minimum Subsequent Investments | $50 | NONE |
For Class A shares a $1,000 minimum initial purchase amount and a $50 minimum subsequent purchase amount apply for Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs), gift/transfer to minor accounts, and purchases through automatic investment plans.
You may redeem your shares on any day the Fund is open for business. Redemption requests may be made by telephone (with prior appropriate approval) or by mail.
When you buy and redeem shares, the Fund will price your transaction at the next-determined net asset value ("NAV") after the Fund receives your request in good order, which means that your request contains all the required documentation, and that all documents contain required signatures or signature guarantees from a financial institution.
Tax Information
The Fund's distributions are taxable whether you receive them in cash, additional shares of the Fund or you reinvest them in shares of another Victory Fund, and will be taxed as ordinary income or capital gains, unless you are investing through a tax-deferred arrangement, such as a 401(k) plan or an individual retirement account. Taxes may be imposed on withdrawals from tax-deferred arrangements.
Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries
If you purchase the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Fund and its related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the financial intermediary and its salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary's website for more information.
Harvest Premium Bond Fund Summary
Investment Objective
The Fund seeks investment results that generally correspond to the total return performance of bonds while generating incremental income.
Fund Fees and Expenses
The following table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. You may qualify for sales charge discounts if you and your immediate family invest, or agree to invest in the future, at least $50,000 in the Victory Funds. More information about these and other discounts is available in Investing with the Victory Funds on page 41 of the Fund's Prospectus, in Appendix A - Variations in Sales Charge Reductions and Waivers Available Through Certain Intermediaries and from your Investment Professional. You may also find information about these discounts in Additional Purchase, Exchange and Redemption Information on page 25 of the Fund's Statement of Additional Information ("SAI").
Shareholder Fees
(fees paid directly from your investment) |
Class A | Class Y |
Maximum Sales Charge (Load) Imposed on Purchases
(as a percentage of offering price) |
2.00% | NONE |
Maximum Deferred Sales Charge (Load)
(as a percentage of the lower of sale proceeds or the original offering price) |
NONE 1 | NONE |
Annual Fund Operating Expenses
(expenses are deducted from fund assets as a percentage of average daily net assets) |
||
Management Fees | 0.45% | 0.45% |
Distribution (12b-1) Fees | 0.25% | NONE |
Other Expenses 2 | ||
Interest Expense | 0.11% | 0.12% |
All Remaining Other Expenses | 5.08% | 4.39% |
Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses | 0.07% | 0.07% |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses 3 | 5.96% | 5.03% |
Fee Waiver/Expense Reimbursement 3 | (4.93)% | (4.24)% |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After
Fee Waiver/Expense Reimbursement 3 |
1.03% | 0.79% |
1 A contingent deferred sales charge of 0.75% may be imposed on Class A shares with respect to purchases of $1,000,000 or more that are redeemed within 12 months of purchase. For additional information, see the section entitled Choosing a Share Class .
2 "Other Expenses" reflect estimated expenses that the Fund expects to bear in the current fiscal year.
3 Victory Capital Management Inc., the Fund's investment adviser, ("Adviser") has contractually agreed to waive its management fee and/or reimburse expenses so that the total annual operating expenses (excluding Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses and certain items such as interest, taxes and brokerage commissions) do not exceed 0.85% and 0.60% of the Fund's Class A and Y shares, respectively, through at least March 31, 2021. The Adviser is permitted to recoup advisory fees waived and expenses reimbursed for up to three years after the fiscal year in which the waiver or reimbursement took place, subject to the lesser of any operating expense limits in effect at the time of: (a) the original waiver or expense reimbursement; or (b) the recoupment, after giving effect to the recoupment amount. This agreement may only be terminated by the Fund's Board of Trustees.
Example:
The following example is designed to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods shown, your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund's operating expenses remain the same. The amounts shown reflect the fee waiver/expense reimbursement in place through the expiration date, and are the same regardless whether you continue to hold your shares or sell them at the end of the period. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
1 Year | 3 Years | 5 Years | 10 Years | |
Class A | $303 | $1,038 | $2,277 | $5,271 |
Class Y | $81 | $711 | $1,803 | $4,529 |
Portfolio Turnover:
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or "turns over" its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover will generally indicate higher transaction costs, resulting in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual Fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund's performance. During the most recent fiscal period, the Fund's portfolio turnover rate was 0% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategy
The Fund pursues its investment objective by investing in a portfolio of U.S. fixed-income securities and bond index exchange-traded funds (ETFs) with a high portfolio correlation to the Bloomberg Barclays U.S. Aggregate Bond Index (the Core Investments) and implementing a collateral yield enhancement overlay strategy that utilizes relatively short-dated (i.e., typically initiated one to three months prior to expiration) S&P 500 ® Index option call spreads and put spreads (the Collateral Yield Enhancement Strategy). The Core Investments are intended to deliver returns that are highly correlated to the Bloomberg Barclays U.S. Aggregate Bond Index. The Collateral Yield Enhancement Strategy seeks to generate incremental returns with low correlation to the equity and bond markets under normal market conditions and is designed to enhance investment returns on the Core Investments whether the S&P 500 ® Index increases or decreases. The incremental returns sought by the Collateral Yield Enhancement Strategy are intended to be additive to the bond market returns generated by the Funds Core Investments.
Under normal circumstances, the Fund invests at least 80% of its assets in bonds, or other investments with similar economic characteristics (such as ETFs and other pooled investment vehicles that invest in bonds), included in the Bloomberg Barclays U.S. Aggregate Bond Index (i.e., Core Investments). Any derivatives counted toward the Fund's 80% policy will be valued at market value. The Adviser intends to utilize the Core Investments to replicate directly or indirectly, within this portion of the Fund, the constituent securities of the Bloomberg Barclays U.S. Aggregate Bond Index as closely as possible. The Bloomberg Barclays U.S. Aggregate Bond Index measures the performance of investment grade, US dollar-denominated, fixed-rate taxable bond market, which includes U.S. Treasury obligations, government-related and corporate securities, and mortgage-backed securities, commercial mortgage-backed securities, and other asset-backed securities. The Fund intends to invest primarily in ETFs at least until the portfolio management team believes that the Fund has reached a scale that facilitates efficient implementation of the Funds principal investment strategies relating to Core Investments primarily through direct investments in bonds.
To implement the Collateral Yield Enhancement Strategy, the Fund utilizes a strategy involving option spreads. Generally, the Fund enters a spread position by buying and selling equal options on the same underlying security or index but with different strike prices or expiration dates. The Fund constructs options spreads using a technique called iron condors, which involve four option legs that are comprised of written (sold) out of the money call and put options on the S&P 500 ® Index and purchased further out of the money call and put options on the same index. The four options legs of an iron condor are designed to generate premiums within defined risk parameters and consist of two options spreads, with each leg at a different strike (exercise or expiration) price. These options spreads include a call option spread with strike (exercise or expiration) prices above the current price level of the index at the time of initiation and a put option spread with strike (exercise or expiration) prices below the current price level of the index at the time of initiation. The Funds options are on the S&P 500 ® Index only, usually traded on an exchange or through a central counterparty.
In this structure, the written (sold) call and put options are designed to generate premiums (income) for the Fund as option holders (purchasers) pay a premium to the Fund in exchange for the right to obtain from the Fund, in cash, a fixed multiple of the amount by which the strike (exercise or expiration) price is less than (in the case of a call) or exceeds (in the case of a put) the price level of the index at expiration. These options, which are used for speculative purposes, create investment risks associated with the price level of the index and movements in the price level could result in losses to the Fund tied to the difference between the strike (exercise or expiration) price and the index price level, less the premium received by the Fund.
To mitigate the risks created by the Funds written (sold) options, the Fund simultaneously purchases call and put options on the S&P 500 ® Index generally with the same expiration date as the written (sold) options to complete the other two option legs that comprise the iron condor structure (i.e., these options are used for hedging purposes). The purchased options, which require the Fund pay a premium and are further out of the money at the time of initiation than the corresponding written (sold) options, are designed to define and limit the Funds risk exposure associated with the written (sold) options. These call and put options are intended to reduce the upside and downside risks, respectively, generated by the Funds written (sold) options because the Fund, as the option holder (purchaser), will obtain from the writer (seller), in cash, a fixed multiple of the amount by which the strike (exercise or expiration) price is less than (in the case of a call) or exceeds (in the case of a put) the price level of the index at expiration. As a result, the Funds potential loss on each option pair generally is limited to the difference between the strike (exercise or expiration) price of the written (sold) option and the strike (exercise or expiration) price of the corresponding purchased option plus the premium paid by the Fund for the purchased option.
The Collateral Yield Enhancement Strategy is based on, among other factors, the Adviser's analysis of current and anticipated market volatility, market risks, underlying instrument valuations, and quantitative factors. Based on its analysis of relevant market and other factors, the Adviser actively manages the strategy to seek to quantify and mitigate associated risks through the structuring of different options pairs with laddered higher and lower strike (exercise or expiration) prices and staggered expiration dates across different durations, which collectively are intended to manage volatility risks and diversify duration risk. The Adviser, in its discretion, also proactively adjusts or closes out positions to seek to limit directional risk and reduce exposure to adverse market events, such as significant volatility. For example, if the Adviser believes that the market is more stable than usual, it may increase the spreads of the option strategy to seek to enhance returns. Similarly, if the Adviser believes that the market is more volatile than usual, it may decrease the spreads of the option strategy to seek to mitigate potential losses.
The Adviser may actively trade a Fund's options positions and, at times, other securities, which may lead to increased management risks and higher transaction costs that may affect the Fund's performance. In addition, active trading of portfolio securities may lead to higher taxes if your Fund shares are held in a taxable account. In general, the turnover of the Funds' Core Investments is anticipated to be relatively low.
Principal Risks
The Fund's investments are subject to the following principal risks:
Options Risk Writing (selling) or purchasing an option involves the payment by the option holder (purchaser) and receipt by the seller of a premium and the corresponding right or obligation, as the case may be, to either purchase or sell the underlying instrument for a specific price at a certain time or during a certain period. Writing (selling) options involves greater risk because the seller is exposed to the extent of the actual price movement in the underlying security rather than only the premium payment received. The premiums received by the Fund for writing (selling) an option may be insufficient to offset its losses sustained from market movements that are adverse to the strike (exercise or expiration) price of the written (sold) options. Purchasing options involves the risk that the underlying instrument will not change price in the manner expected, so that the option holder (purchaser) loses its premium.
Writing (selling) call options involves the risk that the seller may be obligated to deliver securities at less than their current market price and, in the case of an uncovered or unhedged written option, the risk of loss is theoretically unlimited. Writing (selling) put options involves the risk that the seller must purchase the securities at more than their current market price.
The Fund intends to write (sell) and purchase call and put options on an equity index. Options on an index are similar to options on securities but because no underlying security can be delivered the option represents the right of the option holder (purchaser) to obtain from the writer (seller), in cash, a fixed multiple of the amount by which the exercise price exceeds (in the case of a put) or is less than (in the case of a call) the price level of the index at expiration.
Purchasing and writing (selling) put and call options are highly specialized activities and entail greater than ordinary investment risks. An investment in options may be subject to greater fluctuation than an investment in the underlying index or instrument itself. Successful use by the Fund of options on an equity index depends on the ability of the Adviser to correctly predict changes in the indexs volatility or other market factors. During periods of sudden and significant volatility in the equity markets, the Funds Collateral Yield Enhancement Strategy will be adversely affected. As a result, the Funds net asset value per share may experience significant increases or decreases over short time periods. No assurance can be given that the Advisers judgment in this respect will be correct or that during certain market conditions the Fund will be able to close its written (sold) options, which may result in substantial losses to the Fund. In addition, the Funds use of purchased options intended to define or mitigate risk may be inadequate or unsuccessful.
Derivatives Risk The options in which the Fund invests are derivatives. They involve risks different from, and in some respects greater than, the risks associated with investing in more traditional investments, such as stocks and bonds. Derivatives can be highly complex and highly volatile and may perform in unanticipated ways. Derivatives may create leverage, and the loss on derivative transactions may substantially exceed the Funds initial investment. Derivatives can be difficult to value and may at times be highly illiquid, and the Fund may not be able to close out (or sell) or purchase a derivative at a particular time or at an anticipated price.
Leverage Risk Options create leverage and expose the Fund to additional levels of risk, including greater losses from investments and increased volatility, than would otherwise have been the case had the Fund not engaged in the activities that created the leverage.
Debt Securities Risk Investments in debt securities, including bonds, subject the Fund to the risk that the value of these securities overall will decline because of rising interest rates. Similarly, the Fund is subject to the risk that the Funds income will decline because of falling interest rates if the Fund holds floating or variable rate debt securities. Investments in debt securities will also be subject to the credit risk created when a debt issuer fails to pay interest and principal in a timely manner, or that negative perceptions of the issuers ability to make such payments will cause the price of that security to decline. A downgrade or default affecting the issuer of any debt securities held by the Fund would adversely affect the Funds performance. The Funds performance will be adversely affected if borrowers pay back principal on certain debt securities before or after the market anticipates such payments, shortening (prepayment) or lengthening (extension) their duration.
Asset-Backed Securities Risk Investors in asset-backed securities, including residential mortgage-backed securities and commercial mortgage-backed securities, generally receive payments that are part interest and part return of principal. These payments may vary based on the rate at which the underlying borrowers pay off their loans. Some asset-backed securities, including mortgage-backed securities, may have structures that make their reaction to interest rates and other factors difficult to predict, causing their prices to be volatile. These instruments are particularly subject to interest rate, credit and liquidity and valuation risks.
Interest Rate Risk Generally, the value of fixed-income securities changes inversely with changes in interest rates. As interest rates rise, the market value of fixed-income securities tends to decrease. Conversely, as interest rates fall, the market value of fixed-income securities tends to increase. This risk is greater for securities with longer durations.
Issuer-Specific Risk Changes in the financial condition of an issuer or counterparty, changes in specific economic or political conditions that affect a particular type of security or issuer, and changes in general economic or political conditions can increase the risk of default by an issuer or counterparty, which would affect a securitys or instruments value.
Counterparty Risk Certain investments or investment transactions, such as options, are subject to the risk that the Funds counterparty will become insolvent or otherwise be unwilling or unable to perform its obligations in a timely manner or at all. As a result, the Fund would be unable to recover its investment from the counterparty or would obtain a limited recovery, and/or recovery would be delayed, which would result in a loss to the Fund.
Liquidity and Valuation Risk The Fund may be unable to sell an investment at a desirable time or at the value the Fund has placed on the investment. The valuation of the Funds investments may require subjective judgments and the Funds ability to value its investments in an accurate and timely manner may be impacted by technological issues and/or errors by third party service providers.
Market Risk The Funds investments and performance may be affected by, among other market factors, business, financial, political, economic or legal uncertainties. There can be no assurance that the Adviser will correctly evaluate the nature and magnitude of the various factors that could affect the value of and return on investments. Prices of investments are volatile, and a variety of factors that are inherently difficult to predict, such as domestic or international economic and political developments, will significantly affect the results of the Funds activities and the value of its investments.
Active Trading Risk The Adviser will actively trade the Funds portfolio, which leads to higher turnover and brokerage commission expenses. Each would negatively affect the Funds returns and can increase tax liability. In addition, writing (selling) and purchasing options could result in additional turnover and transaction costs.
Management Risk Although a portion of the Funds assets will be invested in a manner that is designed to deliver returns that are highly correlated to an index, the Fund does not seek to provide overall investment results that, before fees and expenses, correspond generally to the performance of an index. However, there is no guarantee that the Funds Core Investments will achieve high correlation to the Bloomberg Barclays U.S. Aggregate Bond Index. As a result of the Funds Collateral Yield Enhancement Strategy, the Funds performance will likely vary, by design and potentially significantly, from the performance of the Bloomberg Barclays U.S. Aggregate Bond Index.
The Funds performance depends on the success of the portfolio managers in implementing the Funds investment strategies in pursuit of the Funds investment objective. To a significant extent, the Funds performance will depend on the success of the Funds Collateral Yield Enhancement Strategy and the Advisers effectiveness in evaluating relevant market risk and volatility and the success of the Advisers quantitative analysis. The techniques and judgments of the Adviser may fail to produce the desired or intended result.
New Fund Risk The Fund recently commenced operations and has limited operating history and started operations with a small asset base. There can be no assurance that the Fund will be successful or grow to or maintain a viable size.
Commercial Paper Risk The value of the Funds investment in commercial paper, which is generally unsecured, is susceptible to changes in interest rates and the issuers financial condition or credit quality. Investments in commercial paper are subject to the risk that the issuer cannot issue enough new commercial paper to satisfy its obligations with respect to its outstanding commercial paper.
Other Investment Company Risk The Funds performance will be affected by the performance of other investment companies in which it invests. Investments in ETFs and other investment companies are subject to the risks of the other investment companies investments, as well as to the other investment companies expenses. An ETF may trade in the secondary market at a price below or above the value of its underlying portfolio and may not be liquid. In addition, an ETF may not replicate exactly the performance of the index it seeks to track for a number of reasons.
U.S. Government Securities Risk Although the Fund may hold securities that carry U.S. government guarantees, these guarantees do not extend to shares of the Fund itself and do not guarantee the market prices of the securities. Furthermore, not all securities issued by the U.S. government and its agencies and instrumentalities are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Treasury.
You may lose money by investing in the Fund. There is no guarantee that the Fund will achieve its objective. An investment in the Fund is not a bank deposit and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) or any other government agency.
By itself, the Fund does not constitute a complete investment plan and should be considered a long-term investment for investors who can afford to weather changes in the value of their investment.
Investment Performance
The bar chart and table that follow are intended to help you understand some of the risks of investing in the Fund. The bar chart shows you how the Fund's calendar year performance has varied over the past 10 years (or the life of the Fund if shorter). The table compares the Funds average annual total returns of the Fund's share classes, including applicable maximum sales charges, over the same period to a broad measure of market performance. We assume reinvestment of dividends and distributions.
Performance data for the classes varies based on differences in their fee and expense structures. The Fund's past performance (before and after taxes) does not necessarily indicate how the Fund will perform in the future. Updated performance information is available on the Fund's website at VictoryFunds.com.
Performance information for the Fund's Class A and Y shares prior to March 31, 2019 reflects the historical performance of, respectively, the Investor and Institutional Class shares of the Harvest Edge Bond Fund, a series of Harvest Volatility Edge Trust (the predecessor to the Fund managed by Harvest Volatility Management, LLC) (the "Predecessor Fund"). The Fund's performance has not been restated to reflect any differences in expenses paid by the Predecessor Fund and those paid by the Fund.
Calendar Year Returns for Class Y Shares
(The annual return in the bar chart is for the Fund's least expensive class of shares, Class Y shares. Due to differing charges and expenses, the performance of classes not shown in the bar chart will differ.)
Highest Quarter | 0.62% (quarter ended June 30, 2018) |
Lowest Quarter | -4.09% (quarter ended December 31, 2018) |
Average Annual Total Returns
(For the Periods Ended December 31, 2018) |
1 Year |
Since
Inception 1 |
CLASS Y Before Taxes | -6.39% | -6.09% |
CLASS Y After Taxes on Distributions | -6.88% | -6.56% |
CLASS Y After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares | -3.78% | -4.83% |
CLASS A Before Taxes | -6.58% | -6.27% |
Index | ||
Bloomberg Barclays U.S. Aggregate Bond Index
Index returns reflect no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes. 2 |
0.01% | 0.08% |
1 Inception date of Class A and Y shares is December 18, 2017.
2 The index returns do not reflect deductions for fees, expenses or taxes.
After-tax returns use the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the effect of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on your tax situation and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns shown are not relevant if you own your Fund shares through tax-deferred arrangements, such as 401(k) plans or individual retirement accounts. After-tax returns are shown for only one share class. The after-tax returns for other classes will vary.
Management of the Fund
Investment Adviser
Victory Capital Management Inc. ("Adviser") serves as the Fund's investment adviser. The portfolio managers primarily responsible for day-to-day management of the Fund are members of the Adviser's Harvest Volatility Management ("Harvest") investment franchise.
Investment Team
Title | Tenure with the Fund | |
Richard L. Selvala, Jr. | Managing Partner | Since inception |
Curtis F. Brockelman, Jr. | Managing Partner | Since inception |
Michael Zigmont, CFA | Managing Director | Since inception |
Tim Knowles | Partner | Since inception |
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
Investment Minimums | Class A | Class Y |
Minimum Initial Investment | $2,500 | $1,000,000 |
Minimum Subsequent Investments | $50 | NONE |
For Class A shares a $1,000 minimum initial purchase amount and a $50 minimum subsequent purchase amount apply for Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs), gift/transfer to minor accounts, and purchases through automatic investment plans.
You may redeem your shares on any day the Fund is open for business. Redemption requests may be made by telephone (with prior appropriate approval) or by mail.
When you buy and redeem shares, the Fund will price your transaction at the next-determined net asset value ("NAV") after the Fund receives your request in good order, which means that your request contains all the required documentation, and that all documents contain required signatures or signature guarantees from a financial institution.
Tax Information
The Fund's distributions are taxable whether you receive them in cash, additional shares of the Fund or you reinvest them in shares of another Victory Fund, and will be taxed as ordinary income or capital gains, unless you are investing through a tax-deferred arrangement, such as a 401(k) plan or an individual retirement account. Taxes may be imposed on withdrawals from tax-deferred arrangements.
Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries
If you purchase the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Fund and its related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the financial intermediary and its salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary's website for more information.
Additional Fund Information
Victory Capital Management Inc., which we refer to as the "Adviser" throughout the Prospectus, manages each Fund.
The Victory Harvest Premium Absolute Fund ("Absolute Fund"), Victory Harvest Premium Large Cap Equity Fund ("Large Cap Equity Fund") and Victory Harvest Premium Bond Fund ("Bond Fund") are each managed by the Adviser, who also manages other funds, each having distinct investment management objectives, strategies, risks, and policies. Together, these funds are sometimes referred to in this Prospectus as the Victory Funds or, more simply, the "Funds."
The following section describes additional information about the principal investment strategy the Funds will use under normal market conditions to pursue their investment objectives, as well as any secondary strategies the Funds may use, and the related risks. This Prospectus does not attempt to describe all of the various investment techniques and types of investments that the Adviser may use in managing the Funds. The SAI includes more information about the Funds, their investments, and the related risks. Under adverse, unstable or abnormal market conditions, a Fund may be unable to pursue or achieve its investment objective and, for temporary purposes, may invest some or all of its assets in a variety of instruments or assets, including high-quality fixed-income securities, cash and cash equivalents. For cash management purposes, each Fund may hold all or a portion of its assets in cash, short-term money market instruments or shares of other investment companies. These positions may reduce the benefit from any upswing in the market, cause a Fund to fail to meet its investment objective and increase a Fund's expenses.
A Funds investment objective and investment policy (if applicable) to invest under normal market conditions at least 80% of its assets in the type of securities suggested by the Funds name (if applicable) is non-fundamental and may be changed by the Board of Trustees upon 60 days written notice to shareholders. For purposes of a Funds 80% investment policy, assets means the Funds net assets plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes.
If you would like to receive additional copies of any materials, please call the Victory Funds at 800-539-FUND (800-539-3863) or please visit VictoryFunds.com.
Investments
Information about each Funds principal investment strategies is provided in the relevant summary section for each Fund. Below is additional information, describing in greater detail the principal investment strategies, including the practices and methodologies that the Adviser utilizes in pursuing a Funds investment objective and principal investment strategies, as well as each Funds principal investment risks. Each Fund pursues its investment objective by investing in a portfolio of Core Investments that provides exposure to the intended market or assets and by implementing the Collateral Yield Enhancement Strategy as an overlay, which seeks to generate incremental returns with low correlation to the equity and bond markets under normal market conditions and is designed to enhance investment returns on the Core Investments whether the S&P 500 ® Index increases or decreases. Each Funds Core Investments present risks to the Fund that are separate from, and in addition to, the risks to the Fund associated with its Collateral Yield Enhancement Strategy. The principal risks of the Funds investments are described below in the section entitled Risk Factors.
Core Investments
The Absolute Funds Core Investments will typically include cash, short-term cash-equivalent investments and short-term investment-grade debt instruments, including money market funds, U.S. Treasury obligations, commercial paper and other similar instruments. The Core Investments are intended to deliver returns with relatively low volatility and minimal interest rate and credit risk as well as no correlation to equity markets.
The Large Cap Equity Funds Core Investments include U.S. equity securities and equity index exchange-traded funds with a high portfolio correlation to the S&P 500 ® Index. The Core Investments are intended to deliver returns that are highly correlated to the S&P 500 ® Index.
The Bond Funds Core Investments include U.S. fixed-income securities and bond index exchange-traded funds with a high portfolio correlation to the Bloomberg Barclays U.S. Aggregate Bond Index. The Core Investments are intended to deliver returns that are highly correlated to the Bloomberg Barclays U.S. Aggregate Bond Index.
Collateral Yield Enhancement Strategy ("CYES")
The Funds investment team pursues each Funds investment strategy through a disciplined and systematic investment process combined with active and quantitative management. To implement the Collateral Yield Enhancement Strategy, each Fund utilizes a strategy involving option spreads. Generally, a Fund enters a spread position by buying and selling equal options of the same class on the same underlying security or index but with different strike prices or expiration dates. Each Fund constructs relatively short-dated options spreads (i.e., typically initiated one to three months prior to expiration) using a technique called iron condors, which are comprised of a call option spread and a put option spread on the same index and generally with the same expiration date and four different strike (exercise or expiration) prices. Each Fund constructs the equity index option structures by writing (selling) a call option on the index at a specified strike (exercise or expiration) price (normally above the current price level of the index at the time of initiation) and simultaneously writing (selling) a put option on the index at a specified strike (exercise or expiration) price (normally below the current price level of the index at the time of initiation). Each Fund will also buy call and put options on the index that are further out of the money at the time they are initiated. Through an iron condor, the Fund is essentially selling both sides of the indexs potential price path by writing the same number of call and put options and covering each written short position with the purchase of further out of the money calls and puts, respectively. In effect, the Fund attempts to take advantage of differences in option prices across different expiration months to generate income while attempting to limit downside risk.
Through its Collateral Yield Enhancement Strategy, each Fund intends to obtain investment exposure in excess of its assets in seeking to achieve its investment objective - a form of quantifiable leverage. The Adviser will manage each Funds assets in a manner generally designed to result in a Funds maximum loss exposure attributable to the Collateral Yield Enhancement Strategy, under normal circumstances, in the following approximate amounts at any particular time (as a percentage of the Funds net assets): Absolute Fund - 20%; Large Cap Equity Fund - 7.5%; and Bond Fund - 5%. In each case, the Funds written (sold) options generally are covered because the Funds iron condor structures are intended to quantify and limit the Funds exposure and potential loss from the Collateral Yield Enhancement Strategy to the difference between the strike (expiration) price of the written (sold) options and strike (expiration) price of the corresponding purchased options. From time to time, a Fund may purchase call or put options in addition to those purchased as part of an individual iron condor structure. Each Funds Core Investments present risks to the Fund that are separate from, and in addition to, the risks to the Fund associated with its Collateral Yield Enhancement Strategy. The principal risks of the Funds investments are described below.
The following graphic, which depicts an example of an individual iron condor structure, is intended for illustration purposes only, is not to scale and relies on certain assumptions, notably with respect to the price level of the index. The actual features of, and investment results from, a particular iron condor structure may vary substantially from those shown. The graphic is not meant to provide an indication or guarantee of future results.
These structures are designed to generate income through premiums received on the written (sold) options and contain risk through the purchase of corresponding further out of the money options. Purchasing call and put options reduces the upside and downside risks to the Fund generated by the written (sold) call and put options, respectively, because the Fund, as the option holder (purchaser), will obtain the difference between the strike (exercise or expiration) price of the purchased option and the index price level. When the Fund writes an option (call or put), the Fund receives premiums from the purchaser. In exchange for the premium payment, the purchaser (as the option holder) has the right to obtain from the Fund, in cash, a fixed multiple of the amount by which the strike (exercise or expiration) price is less than (in the case of a call) or exceeds (in the case of a put) the price level of the index at expiration. When the Fund purchases an option, it pays a premium to the seller and (as the option holder) has the right to obtain from the seller, in cash, a fixed multiple of the amount by which the strike (exercise or expiration) price is less than (in the case of a put) or exceeds (in the case of a call) the price level of the index at expiration. As a result, a Funds potential loss on each option pair is generally limited to the difference between the strike (exercise or expiration) price of the written (sold) option and the strike (exercise or expiration) price of the corresponding purchased option plus the premium paid by the Fund for the purchased option.
As an illustration, assume that the price level of the S&P 500 ® Index at inception of an iron condor is 100, the Fund writes (sells) a put option with a strike (exercise or expiration) price of 95 and writes (sells) a call option with a strike (exercise or expiration) price of 105 (each of these options being out of the money at inception), and the Fund purchases a put option with a strike (exercise or expiration) price of 90 and purchases a call option with a strike (exercise or expiration) price of 110 (each of these options being further out of the money at inception). To the extent that price level of the S&P 500 ® Index at expiration is within the strike (exercise or expiration) price of the written (sold) call and put options (i.e., range bound between 95 and 105), the Fund would retain the premium paid by the option holder less the positive or negative change in the price level of the S&P 500 ® Index. In contrast, in the case of a written (sold) call option, if the price level of the S&P 500 ® Index exceeds the strike (exercise or expiration) price of the option (i.e., 105), the Fund would experience losses to the extent that such excess (with any multiplier) is greater than the net premiums paid. In this instance, the Fund would be in a position to exercise a call option, as option holder (purchaser), if the price level of the S&P 500 ® Index exceeds the strike (exercise or expiration) price of the purchased call option (i.e., 110).
An index call option is a contract that entitles the option holder (purchaser) to receive from the seller a cash payment equal to a fixed multiple of the amount of any appreciation in the price level of the reference index over a fixed price (the strike or expiration price of the call option) as of the expiration of the option. Upon entering into the position, a premium is paid by the option holder (purchaser) to the seller. When an index call option expires, the seller is required to deliver an amount of cash determined by the excess, if any, of the price level of the index at contract termination over the strike (exercise or expiration) price of the option. An index call option is out of the money when its strike (exercise or expiration) price is above the current price level of the index. A call option that expires out of the money is considered worthless.
An index put option is a contract that entitles the option holder (purchaser) to receive from the seller a cash payment equal to a fixed multiple of the amount of any depreciation in the price level of the reference index below a fixed price (the strike or exercise price of the put option) as of the expiration of the option. Upon entering into the position, a premium is paid by the option holder (purchaser) to the seller. When an index put option expires, the seller is required to deliver an amount of cash determined by the shortfall, if any, of the price level of the index at contract termination below the strike (exercise or expiration) price of the option. An index put option is out of the money when its strike (exercise or expiration) price is below the current price level of the index. A put option that expires out of the money is considered worthless.
The returns of the Collateral Yield Enhancement Strategy are primarily based on the amount of premiums generated by a Funds written (sold) options and the expiration of these options as worthless. The Adviser seeks to structure the Funds written (sold) options to generate premiums and take advantage of the perceived volatility risk that is priced into options. In general, greater anticipated volatility risk results in higher premium amounts for written (sold) options, which function as a form of protection to the option holder (purchaser). The Adviser also seeks to structure the Funds written (sold) options to expire worthless (out of the money). As a result, the strategy is expected to be most favorable when the current price level of the S&P 500 ® Index remains between a written option spread from the date of initiation through expiration; i.e., between the strike (exercise or expiration) prices of the written (sold) call option and the written (sold) put option. The Advisers goal is to structure a Funds iron condors such that, at expiration, the Fund retains the premiums received for the written (sold) options, which would be less the amounts paid for the purchased options and the amounts due at settlement, if any. In this instance, the written (sold) options would expire out of the money (go unexercised) and the Fund would retain upon expiration the full premium paid. Ultimately, the premiums earned and retained by a Fund (if any) through, and specific terms of, the Funds iron condors will vary based on market volatilityand other factors at the time they are initiated.
In structuring the Funds purchased call and put options, the Adviser seeks to establish appropriate risk parameters for the amount of premium paid in exchange for the applicable option. The expiration dates and strike (exercise or expiration) prices for these options will be based on similar analysis used to write (sell) options for the Fund but will incorporate various additional risk management and mitigation principles based on, among other factors that may be deemed relevant by the Adviser, expected market volatility and expiration dates and option duration. Overall, the returns of the Collateral Yield Enhancement Strategy may be impacted by the purchased options in several ways, primarily the cost of the premiums associated with the purchased options as well as the extent to which the purchased options ultimately expire in the money or are exercised to protect the Funds written (sold) options from upside or downside risks, as the case may be. The Funds options are on the S&P 500 ® Index only, usually traded on an exchange or through a central counterparty, and European-style, which means that the option only can be exercised at the options expiration.
In addition, the Adviser seeks to proactively and defensively adjust each Funds options positions in seeking to reduce exposure to market volatility and various market risks. For example, the Adviser may seek to opportunistically close out options positions ahead of expiration (assuming return objectives have been achieved or risk management benefits have been depleted). The Adviser seeks to reduce sensitivity of a Funds returns to the movements of the S&P 500 ® Index by staggering position entry and diversifying the Funds options across expiration dates and strike (exercise or expiration) prices.
The premium (or income) received by a Fund for writing (selling) options may be invested in fixed-income instruments, cash equivalent instruments, such as U.S. treasury obligations and money market funds, and other similar instruments or pooled investment vehicles for hedging or investment purposes and used to offset the cost of buying the call and put equity index options.
A Fund may invest a percentage of its assets in options for speculative purposes as well as to hedge the exposure generated by its written (sold) options in pursuing its investment objective. It is currently expected that a Funds investment program may have the effect of leveraging the Fund, sometimes by a significant amount.
The Adviser may actively trade a Fund's options positions and, at times, other securities, which may lead to increased management risks and higher transaction costs that may affect the Fund's performance. In addition, active trading of portfolio securities may lead to higher taxes if your Fund shares are held in a taxable account. In general, the turnover of the Funds' Core Investments is anticipated to be relatively low.
Risk Factors
By matching your investment objective with an acceptable level of risk, you can create your own customized investment plan.
The following provides additional information about some of the Funds principal risks and supplements those risks discussed in each Fund's Fund Summary section of this Prospectus.
Absolute Fund | Large Cap Equity Fund | Bond Fund | |
Active Trading Risk | X | X | X |
Asset-Backed Securities Risk | X | ||
Commercial Paper Risk | X | X | |
Counterparty Risk | X | X | X |
Debt Securities Risk | X | X | |
Derivatives Risk | X | X | X |
Equity Securities Risk | X | ||
Interest Rate Risk | X | ||
Issuer-Specific Risk | X | X | |
Large-Capitalization Risk | X | ||
Leverage Risk | X | X | X |
Liquidity and Valuation Risk | X | X | |
Management Risk | X | X | X |
Market Risk | X | X | X |
New Fund Risk | X | X | X |
Options Risk | X | X | X |
Other Investment Company Risk | X | X | X |
U.S. Government Securities Risk | X | X |
Active Trading Risk
The Adviser will actively trade the Funds portfolio, which leads to higher turnover and brokerage commission expenses. Each would negatively affect the Funds returns and can increase tax liability. Active trading may also lead to increased management risks.
Asset-Backed Securities Risk
Investors in asset-backed securities, including residential mortgage-backed securities and commercial mortgage-backed securities, generally receive payments that are part interest and part return of principal. These payments may vary based on the rate at which the underlying borrowers pay off their loans. Some asset-backed securities, including mortgage-backed securities, may have structures that make their reaction to interest rates and other factors difficult to predict, causing their prices to be volatile. These instruments are particularly subject to interest rate, credit and liquidity and valuation risks, all of which can change dramatically over time.
In addition, investments in asset-backed securities entail additional risks relating to the underlying pools of assets, including credit risk, default risk and prepayment risk of the underlying pool or individual assets represented in the pool. With respect to a mortgage loan backing mortgage-backed securities, when an underlying obligor, such as a homeowner, makes a prepayment, an investor in the securities receives a larger portion of its principal investment back, which means that there will be a decrease in monthly interest payments and the investor may not be able to reinvest the principal it receives as a result of such prepayment in a security with a similar risk, return or liquidity profile. In addition to prepayments, the underlying assets owned by an assetbacked securities issuer are subject to the risk of defaults, and both defaults and prepayments may shorten the securities weighted average life and may lower their return, which may adversely affect a Funds investment in the asset-backed securities. The value of asset-backed securities held by a Fund also may change because of actual or perceived changes in the creditworthiness of the underlying asset obligors, the originators, the servicing agents, the financial institutions, if any, providing credit support, or swap counterparties in the case of synthetic asset-backed securities.
Further, recently adopted rules implementing credit risk retention requirements for asset-backed securities may increase the costs to originators, securitizers and, in certain cases, asset managers of securitization vehicles in which a Fund may invest. Although the impact of these requirements is uncertain, certain additional costs may be passed to a Fund and the Funds investments in asset-backed securities may be adversely affected. Many other regulatory developments could materially impact the value of the Funds assets, expose the Fund to additional costs and require changes to investment practices, thereby adversely affecting the Funds performance.
Commercial Paper Risk
The value of a Funds investment in commercial paper, which is an unsecured promissory note that generally has a maturity date between one and 270 days and is issued by a U.S. or foreign entity, is susceptible to changes in the issuers financial condition or credit quality. Commercial paper is typically repaid with the proceeds from the issuance of new commercial paper. Thus, investments in commercial paper are subject to the risk (commonly referred to as rollover risk) that the issuer will be unable to issue sufficient new commercial paper to meet the repayment obligations under its outstanding commercial paper. Investments in commercial paper are usually discounted from their value at maturity. Commercial paper can be fixed-rate or variable rate and can be adversely affected by changes in interest rates. As with other fixed-income securities, there is a risk that the issuer of commercial paper will default completely on its obligations. Commercial paper is generally unsecured and, thus, is subject to increased credit risk. A Fund may have limited or no recourse against the issuer of commercial paper in the event of default.
Counterparty Risk
The counterparty with which a Fund conducts transactions (or that guarantees investments or agreements that the Fund owns or is otherwise exposed to) may be unwilling or unable (or perceived to be unwilling or unable) to honor its obligations under the terms of a transaction or agreement, such as timely principal, interest or settlement payments. As a result, the Fund would be unable to recover its investment, would only recover a portion of its investment, or would have any recovery delayed, which would adversely affect the Fund. These risks may be greater if a Fund engages in over-the-counter transactions. The extent of counterparty risk generally varies based on the terms of the particular security or transaction as well as the financial condition of the counterparty. The Funds bear the risk that counterparties may be adversely affected by legislative or regulatory changes, adverse market conditions, increased competition, and/or wide scale credit losses resulting from financial difficulties or borrowers affecting counterparties. To the extent a Fund enters into multiple transactions with a single or limited set of counterparties, it will be subject to increased counterparty risk, including credit risk of the counterparty and the risk of settlement default.
Debt Securities Risks
Investments in debt securities, including bonds, subject a Fund to the risk that the value of these securities overall will decline because of, among other adverse events, rising interest rates. Similarly, the Fund is subject to the risk that the Funds income will decline because of falling interest rates if the Fund holds floating or variable rate debt securities. Investments in these securities will also be subject to the credit risk created when a debt issuer fails to pay interest and principal in a timely manner, or that negative perceptions of the issuers ability to make such payments will cause the price of that security to decline. When a debt instrument held by a Fund matures during a falling interest rate environment, the Fund is subject to the risk that it will be unable to reinvest the proceeds at the same return it was previously earning. A downgrade or default affecting the issuer of any debt securities held by the Fund would adversely affect the Funds performance. The Funds performance will be adversely affected if borrowers pay back principal on certain debt securities before or after the market anticipates such payments, shortening (prepayment) or lengthening (extension) their duration.
Credit Risk An issuer or counterparty with respect a debt security held by a Fund may fail to pay its obligations to the Fund when they are due. As a result, the Funds income might be reduced, the value of the Funds investment might fall, and/or the Fund could lose the entire amount of its investment. Changes in the financial condition of an issuer or counterparty, changes in specific economic, social or political conditions that affect a particular type of security or other instrument or an issuer, and changes in economic, social or political conditions generally can increase the risk of default by an issuer or counterparty, which can affect a securitys or other instruments credit quality or value and an issuers or counterpartys ability to pay interest and principal when due. The values of securities also may decline for a number of other reasons that relate directly to the issuer, such as management performance, financial leverage and reduced demand for the issuers goods and services, as well as the historical and prospective earnings of the issuer and the value of its assets. Defaults may reduce a Funds income and may reduce the value of the fixed-income investment itself, sometimes dramatically. Although credit quality may not accurately reflect the true credit risk of an investment, a change in the credit quality rating of an investment or an issuer can have a rapid, adverse effect on the investments price and liquidity and make it more difficult for the Fund to sell at an advantageous price or time. The credit quality of an investment can change rapidly in certain market environments, particularly during periods of high market volatility, greater economic uncertainty, or downturn, and the default of a single holding could cause a significant deterioration in the Funds net asset value (NAV).
Prepayment and Extension Risk The Funds performance could be affected if borrowers pay back principal on certain debt securities, such as mortgage- or asset-backed securities, before or after the market anticipates such payments, shortening or lengthening their duration. Due to a decline in interest rates or an excess in cash flow into the issuer, a debt security might be called or otherwise converted, prepaid or redeemed before maturity. As a result, the Fund may have to reinvest the proceeds in an investment offering a lower yield, may not benefit from any increase in value that might otherwise result from declining interest rates and may lose any premium it paid to acquire the security. Higher market interest rates generally result in slower payoffs, which effectively increase duration, heightening interest rate risk and increasing the magnitude of resulting price declines.
Derivatives Risk
The options in which the Funds invest are derivatives. They involve risks different from, and in some respects greater than, the risks associated with investing in more traditional investments, such as stocks and bonds. These additional risks include leverage, high price volatility, lack of availability, counterparty credit, liquidity, valuation and legal restrictions. The use of derivatives may also expose a Fund to the performance of securities that the Fund does not own.
Derivatives can be highly complex and highly volatile and may perform in unanticipated ways. Derivatives may create leverage, and the loss on derivative transactions may substantially exceed the Funds initial investment. Derivatives can be difficult to value and may at times be highly illiquid, and the Fund may not be able to close out (or sell) or purchase a derivative at a particular time or at an anticipated price.
Options in which the Funds invest are usually traded on an exchange or through a central counterparty. The Fund is thus subject to the credit risk of the clearinghouse. Certain derivatives are subject to mandatory exchange trading and/or clearing. Central clearing is intended to reduce counterparty credit risk and is intended to increase liquidity but does not make derivatives transactions risk-free. To the extent that a Fund invests in options that are not traded on an exchange or through a central counterparty, the Adviser will evaluate the creditworthiness and financial responsibility of any counterparty based on factors deemed relevant by the Adviser. However, any such transaction would be subject to risks associated with the particular counterparty, including its creditworthiness.
The skills necessary to successfully execute options strategies may be different from those for more traditional portfolio management techniques, and if the Adviser is incorrect about its expectations of market conditions, the use of options could also result in a loss that may substantially exceed the Funds initial investment. Use of derivatives may also cause a Fund to be subject directly or indirectly to additional regulations, which may generate additional Fund expenses. These practices also entail transactional expenses and may, in some cases, cause a Fund to realize higher amounts of short-term capital gains (generally taxed at ordinary income tax rates when distributed to shareholders) than if the Fund had not engaged in such transactions.
Equity Securities Risk
Stock markets are volatile and an investment in equity securities is generally more volatile than an investment in a fixed-income investment. The value of equity securities may change rapidly and unpredictably in response to many factors, including real or perceived changes in an issuers historical and prospective earnings, the value of its assets, general economic conditions, interest rates, and market liquidity. Due to the complexities of markets, events in one market or sector may adversely impact other markets or sectors. A Fund may invest in either common or preferred stock, each of which carries different levels of risk. Common stocks generally represent the riskiest investment in an issuer and preferred stocks generally rank junior to an issuers debt with respect to dividends, which the issuer may or may not declare. In addition, preferred stock may be subject to factors affecting equity and fixed-income securities, including changes in interest rates and an issuers credit as well as market risks. A Funds investments in preferred stock may lose value if dividends are not paid. Generally, preferred stock does not carry voting rights. Convertible preferred stocks value can depend heavily upon the underlying common stocks value.
Interest Rate Risk
Interest rate risk is the risk that fixed-income investments or other investments held by a Fund will decline in value because of changes in interest rates. Interest rate changes can be sudden and unpredictable, and a Fund may lose money as a result of movements in interest rates. Fixed-income investments with longer durations tend to be more sensitive to changes in interest rates, usually making them more volatile than securities with shorter durations. Changes in the value of a fixed-income instrument usually will not affect the amount of income the Fund receives from the instrument but it will generally affect the value of the Funds shares.
Variable and floating rate securities generally are less sensitive to interest rate changes but may decline in value if their interest rates do not rise as much, or as quickly, as interest rates in general. Conversely, floating rate securities will not generally increase in value if interest rates decline. When a Fund holds variable or floating rate securities, a decrease in market interest rates will adversely affect the income received from such securities and the NAV of the Funds shares.
Duration is a measure of a bond prices sensitivity to a given change in interest rates. For example, the price of a bond with a duration of three years would be expected to fall approximately 3% if rates were to rise by one percentage point. However, duration may not accurately reflect the true interest rate sensitivity of investments held by a Fund and, in turn, the Funds susceptibility to changes in interest rates. A Fund may be unable to hedge against changes in interest rates or may choose not to do so for cost or other reasons. In addition, any hedges against interest rate changes may not work as intended.
Given the near historically low interest rate environment in the United States, risks associated with rising interest rates are heightened. A Fund may face a heightened level of risk, especially because the Federal Reserve Board has ended its quantitative easing program and may continue to raise the federal funds rate, thereby causing interest rates to rise. Many other factors can cause interest rates to rise, such as central bank monetary policies, inflation rates, general economic conditions and expectations. As a result of any changes in interest rates, a Fund may experience higher than normal redemptions and may be forced to sell investments during periods of reduced market liquidity at unfavorable prices in order to meet its redemption obligations. In addition, regulations applicable to broker-dealers and the changing business of market makers may result in these market participants restricting their activities, leading to reduced levels in the capacity of these market makers to engage in fixed income trading and, as a result, reduced dealer inventories of fixed-income investments. As a result, certain fixed-income investments may be particularly subject to reduced liquidity and increased volatility.
Issuer-Specific Risk
Issuer-specific events, including changes in the actual or perceived financial condition of an issuer, can have a negative impact on the value of the Fund. The value of a security or investment may decline for reasons directly related to the issuer of the security or investment, such as management, performance, financial leverage, reduced demand for the issuers goods or services, competitive pressures, changes in technology, expiration of patent protection, disruptions in supply, labor problems or shortages, and corporate restructurings. In addition, political, regulatory, economic and other conditions may adversely affect an issuer. A change in the financial condition of a single issuer may affect securities markets as a whole. Issuers may, in times of distress or at their own discretion, decide to reduce or eliminate dividends, which may also cause their stock prices to decline. A change in an issuers credit rating or perceived creditworthiness or financial condition may also adversely affect the value of the issuers securities.
Large-Capitalization Stock Risk
Large-capitalization companies may have more stable prices than small- or mid-capitalization companies, but still are subject to equity securities risk. These companies are often unable to respond to competitive challenges or opportunities as quickly as smaller companies and may underperform other segments of the market. The prices of large-capitalization companies may not rise as much as the prices of companies with smaller market capitalizations, particularly during periods of economic expansion. Although large-capitalization companies typically provide relative stability and low volatility, the Funds value may not rise as much as the value of funds that focus on companies with smaller market capitalizations.
Leverage Risk
Options create leverage and expose a Fund to additional levels of risk, including greater losses from investments and increased volatility, than would otherwise have been the case had the Fund not engaged in the activities that created the leverage. Leverage creates exposure to potential gains and losses in excess of the initial amount invested. Borrowing and the use of derivatives may result in leverage and may amplify changes in the Funds NAV. When a Fund uses leverage, the sum of the Funds investment exposure may significantly exceed the amount of assets invested in the Fund, although these exposures may vary over time. Relatively small market movements may result in large changes in the value of a leveraged investment and can result in losses to the Fund that exceed the amount originally invested and may accelerate the rate of losses. The use of leverage may cause a Fund to liquidate portfolio positions to satisfy its obligations or to meet segregation requirements when it may not be advantageous to do so. The use of leverage by a Fund can substantially increase the adverse impact to which the Funds investment portfolio may be subject.
Liquidity and Valuation Risk
Liquidity is the ability to sell securities or other investments within a reasonable amount of time at approximately the price at which a Fund has valued the securities or other investments. A Fundmay invest in securities that become illiquid after purchase, sometimes independent of any specific adverse changes in the conditions of a particular issuer, or an investment may be subject to a restriction on resale. Certain securities and other investments may be less liquid than others and certain investments may become less liquid in response to market developments or adverse investor perceptions. As a result, a Funds investments may be difficult to sell at a favorable time or price. To meet redemption requests or otherwise raise cash for investment purposes, a Fund may be forced to sell large amounts of investments at a disadvantageous time and/or price, which could adversely affect the Fund. The risk of loss may increase depending in the size and frequency of redemption requests, the general market conditions at the time of the sale, and the extent of redemptions across other funds with similar investment strategies or holdings.
The liquidity of an investment may deteriorate over time or suddenly and unexpectedly, and the Funds fixed income investments may experience reduced liquidity and increased volatility as a result of the lack of an active market or limited dealer market-making capacity. Liquidity risk may be magnified during periods of rising interest rates, significant shareholder redemptions, or market turmoil. Certain investments, including thinly-traded securities (generally defined as securities for which there is little or no trading in the secondary market), and securities that are subject to sale restrictions, are particularly susceptible to liquidity and valuation risk. As a result, a Fund potentially will be unable to pay redemption proceeds within the allowable time period because of adverse market conditions, an unusually high volume of redemption requests, or other reasons, unless it sells other portfolio investments under unfavorable conditions. At times, all or a large portion of segments of the financial market may not have active trading. A Funds ability to sell an investment under favorable conditions may be adversely affected by other market participants selling the same or similar investments, among other factors.
Less liquidity means that more subjectivity may be used in establishing the value of the securities or other investments. During periods of reduced market liquidity, in the absence of readily available market quotations, or for securities that trade infrequently or are thinly traded, the Adviser may experience difficulty in assigning an accurate daily value to these investments. As a result, the Fund may be required to fair value the investments pursuant to procedures adopted by the Board. Fair value determinations are inherently subjective and reflect good faith judgments based on available information, which may be impacted by technological issues and/or errors by third party service providers. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the determination of an investments fair value in accordance with the Funds valuation procedures will in fact approximate the price at which a Fund could sell that investment at that time or that data obtained from third parties believed to be reliable will be accurate. As a result, investors who purchase or redeem shares of a Fund on days when the Fund is holding fair valued securities may receive fewer or more shares or lower or higher redemption proceeds than they would have received if the Fund had not fair valued the securities or had used a different valuation methodology. For additional information about fair valuation determinations, see How Fund Shares are Priced. The Funds shareholder reports (when available) contain information about the Funds holdings that are fair valued, including values of these holdings as of the dates of the reports. Investors should consider consulting these reports for more detailed information.
Management Risk
Each Funds performance depends on the success of the portfolio managers in implementing the Funds investment strategies in pursuit of its objective. In making investment decisions for a Fund, the Adviser or each individual portfolio manager will apply investment techniques, judgment and risk analyses about markets, interest rates or the attractiveness, relative values, liquidity, or potential appreciation of particular investments made for the Fund. However, there can be no guarantee that these will produce the desired results and, as a result, a Fund may fail to meet its investment objective or underperform its benchmark index or funds with similar investment objectives and strategies. Additionally, legislative, regulatory or tax restrictions, policies or developments may negatively affect the investment techniques available to the Adviser and each individual portfolio manager in connection with managing the Fund and may also adversely affect the ability of the Fund to achieve its investment objective. Frequent purchases and sales of portfolio investments may result in higher Fund expenses, such as higher brokerage fees or other transaction costs, which may negatively affect the Funds performance.
To a significant extent, a Funds performance will depend on the success of the Funds Collateral Yield Enhancement Strategy and the Advisers effectiveness in evaluating relevant market risk and volatility and the success of the Advisers quantitative analysis. There can be no assurance that the Adviser will correctly evaluate the nature and magnitude of the various factors that could affect the value of and return on investments and effectiveness of the Collateral Yield Enhancement Strategy. Prices of investments may be volatile, and a variety of factors that are inherently difficult to predict, such as domestic or international economic and political developments, may significantly affect the results of the Funds activities and the value of its investments.
A Fund may pursue a relative value strategy by taking long exposure in securities or instruments believed to be undervalued and short exposure in securities or instruments believed to be overvalued. In the event that the perceived mispricing underlying the Funds trading positions were to fail to converge toward, or were to diverge further from, the Advisers expectations, the Fund may incur a loss.
Given the complexity of the investments and strategies of each Fund, the Adviser may rely on quantitative models and quantitative data and analysis to construct sets of transactions and investments, to provide risk management insights, and to assist in hedging a Funds investments. Investments selected using quantitative methods or based on models that analyze information and data may perform differently from the market as a whole. There can be no assurance that these methodologies or models will enable the Fund to achieve its objective. The quantitative models or data used by the Adviser, and the investments selected based on the models or data, may not perform as expected. The quantitative models and data may contain or reflect certain errors in construction and implementation that may adversely affect the Funds performance. In addition, the Funds performance will reflect, in part, the Advisers ability to make active qualitative decisions and timely adjust the quantitative model or data, including the underlying metrics and data.
Market Risk
A Funds investments and performance may be affected by, among other market factors, business, financial, political, economic or legal uncertainties and the price or value of a Funds investments may fluctuate widely over short or extended periods. There can be no assurance that the Adviser will correctly evaluate the nature and magnitude of the various factors that could affect the value of and return on investments. Prices of investments are volatile, and a variety of factors that are inherently difficult to predict, such as domestic or international economic and political developments, will significantly affect the results of the Funds activities and the value of its investments. The value of an investment may decline because of general market conditions that are not specifically related to a particular company, such as real or perceived adverse economic conditions, changes in the general outlook for corporate earnings, changes in interest or currency rates, adverse changes to credit markets or adverse investor sentiment generally. During a general downturn in the securities or other markets, multiple asset classes may decline in value and a Fund may lose value, regardless of the individual results of the securities and other investments in which a Fund invests, and it may be difficult for the Adviser to identify favorable investment opportunities. In addition, because of interdependencies between markets, events in one market may adversely impact markets or issuers in which a Fund invests in unforeseen ways. Governmental and regulatory actions may also impair portfolio management and have unexpected or adverse consequences on particular markets, strategies, or investments. Future market or regulatory events may impact a Fund in unforeseen ways, causing the Fund to modify its existing investment strategies or techniques.
Markets may be volatile, and market volatility may be significant in response to adverse issuer, political, regulatory, market, economic or other developments that may cause broad changes in market value, public perceptions concerning these developments, and adverse investor sentiment. Market volatility may be significant over short or extended periods. Adverse market events and market volatility may continue for prolonged periods, particularly if they are the result of unprecedented, unforeseen or widespread events or conditions. As a result, a Funds strategy may be adversely affected and the value of a Funds shares may fall, sometimes sharply and for extended periods, causing investors to lose money.
In general, the transactions or securities or other instruments in which the Adviser believes represent an attractive investment opportunity or in which a Fund seeks to invest may be unavailable entirely or in the specific quantities sought by the Fund. As a result, a Fund may need to obtain the desired exposure through a less advantageous investment or forgo the investment at the time. Exchanges and securities markets may close early, close late or issue trading halts on specific securities, which may result in, among other things, a Fund being unable to buy or sell certain securities or financial instruments at an advantageous time or accurately price its portfolio investments. These events may adversely affect a Fund.
New Fund Risk
The Funds recently commenced operations and have limited operating history and started operations with a small asset base. There can be no assurance that a Fund will grow to or maintain a viable size sufficient to achieve investment and trading efficiencies and fully implement its investment strategy. As a result, a Funds performance may be particularly sensitive to individual investments and more volatile than would be expected once a Fund attains a viable size and fully implements its investment strategy. Investment positions may have a disproportionate impact (negative or positive) on performance of a Fund. A Fund may also require a period of time before it is fully invested in securities that meet its investment objectives and policies and achieve a representative portfolio composition. As a result, a Funds performance may not represent how the Fund is expected to or may perform in the long-term. In the event that a Fund is liquidated, the expenses and timing of such liquidation may be unfavorable to some shareholders.
Options Risk
The purchase or writing (sale) of an option involves the payment or receipt of a premium and the corresponding right or obligation, as the case may be, to either purchase or sell the underlying security or other instrument for a specific price at a certain time or during a certain period. Purchasing options involves the risk that the underlying instrument will not change price in the manner expected, so that the option holder (purchaser) loses its premium. Writing (selling) options involves greater risk because the seller is exposed to the extent of the actual price movement in the underlying security rather than only the premium payment received (which could result in a potentially unlimited loss). Investments in options are considered speculative. Purchasing options involves the payment of premiums, which may adversely affect a Funds performance.
When a Fund writes (sells) an option, if the decline or increase in the underlying asset or index is significantly below (in the case of a put) or above (in the case of a call) the strike (exercise or expiration) price of the written option, the Fund could experience a substantial loss. As the writer of a call option, the Fund forgoes, during the options life, the opportunity to profit from increases in the market value of the underlying security or index above the strike (exercise or expiration) price of the call option. By writing (selling) a call option, the Fund takes on the risk of increases in the indexs price level and assumes the risk that it must deliver an amount equal to a fixed multiple of the difference between the indexs price level and a strike (exercise or expiration) price that may be lower than the indexs price level. By writing (selling) a put option on the S&P 500 ® Index, the Fund takes on the risk of declines in the indexs price level and assumes the risk that it must deliver an amount equal to a fixed multiple of the difference between the indexs price level and a strike (exercise or expiration) price that may be higher than the indexs price level.
When a Fund purchases an option, it may lose the entire amount paid for it if the price of the underlying security case of a put option). If a put or call option purchased by a Fund were permitted to expire without being sold or exercised, the purchase price would represent a loss to the Fund.
The Funds intend to write (sell) and purchase put and call options on an equity index. An index measures the movement of a certain group of assets by assigning relative values to the assets included in the index. Options on an index are similar to options on securities. Because no underlying security can be delivered, however, the option represents the right of the option holder (purchaser) to obtain from the writer (seller), in cash, a fixed multiple of the amount by which the exercise price exceeds (in the case of a put) or is less than (in the case of a call) the price level of the index at expiration. Successful use by the Fund of options on an equity index depends on the ability of the Adviser to correctly predict changes in the indexs volatility or other market factors. No assurance can be given that the Advisers judgment in this respect will be correct.
Index options are subject to changes in the underlying securities of the index of securities on which such instruments are based. The value of a Funds equity index options will fluctuate in response to changes in the price level of the S&P 500 ® Index. Although other factors may adversely affect the Funds Collateral Yield Enhancement Strategy, during periods of sudden and significant volatility in the equity markets, the Funds Collateral Yield Enhancement Strategy will be adversely affected. Markets may be volatile, and market volatility may be significant in response to adverse issuer, political, regulatory, market, economic or other developments that may cause broad changes in market value, public perceptions concerning these developments, and adverse investor sentiment. Market volatility may be significant over short or extended periods. There is no guarantee that the Collateral Yield Enhancement Strategy, and use of iron condors, will be effective or that transactions deemed by the Adviser to be suitable will be available.
This Collateral Yield Enhancement Strategys profit potential is generally limited to the net premium received when writing (selling) the equity index call and put options. The potential for loss is an amount equal to the difference between either the strike (exercise or expiration) price of the written (sold) call and the strike (exercise or expiration) price of the purchased call, or the strike (exercise or expiration) price of the purchased put and the strike (exercise or expiration) price of the written (sold) put, plus any commissions or premiums paid to purchase the corresponding equity index call and put options, and multiplied by the number of individual call and put options.
Maximum loss under an iron condor occurs from either the put or the call option, when the index price level is greater than the purchased call or less than the purchased put.
Other Investment Company Risk
To the extent a Fund invests in exchange-traded funds (ETFs) or other investment companies, its performance will be affected by the performance of those other investment companies.Investments in ETFs and other investment companies are subject to the risks of the other investment companies investments, including the effects of business and regulatory developments that affect an underlying investment company or vehicle or the investment company industry generally as well as the possibility that the value of the underlying securities held by the investment vehicle could decrease or the portfolio becomes illiquid. A Fund and its shareholders will incur its pro rata share of the expenses of the underlying investment companies or vehicles in which the Fund invests, such as investment advisory and other management expenses, and shareholders will incur the operating expenses of these investment vehicles.
Shares of investment vehicles that trade on an exchange may trade at a discount or premium from their NAV. The purchase of shares of some investment companies (such as ETFs) may require the payment of substantial premiums above the value of such companies portfolio securities or NAVs or otherwise trade in the secondary market at a price below the value of its underlying portfolio and may not be liquid. In addition, an ETF may not replicate exactly the performance of the index it seeks to track for a number of reasons, including transaction costs incurred by the ETF, the temporary unavailability of certain index securities in the secondary market or discrepancies between the ETF and the index with respect to the weighting of securities or the number of securities held.
U.S. Government Securities Risk
Although a Fund may hold securities that carry U.S. government guarantees, these guarantees do not extend to shares of the Fund itself. In addition, although U.S. Treasury obligations arebacked by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government, such securities are nonetheless subject to credit risk (i.e., the risk that the U.S. Government may be, or be perceived to be, unable or unwilling to honor its financial obligations, such as making payments). Furthermore, not all securities issued by the U.S. government and its agencies and instrumentalities are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Treasury. It is possible that the issuers of some U.S. government securities will not have the funds to timely meet their payment obligations in the future and there is a risk of default. The U.S. government may not provide financial support to U.S. government agencies, instrumentalities or sponsored enterprises if it is not obligated to do so by law. Additionally, the U.S. government and its agencies and instrumentalities do not guarantee the market values of their securities, which may fluctuate in value and are subject to investment risks. The value of U.S. government obligations may be adversely affected by changes in interest rates.
The Adviser may use several types of investment strategies in pursuing the Funds' overall investment objective. The following risks are those that the Adviser does not consider to be principal risks of the Funds. Additional risks are included in the Funds' SAI.
Redemption Risk
The Funds are subject to the risk that a large investor can purchase or redeem a large percentage of Fund shares at any time. Redemption risk is heightened during periods of declining or illiquid markets. To meet large redemption requests, a Fund may have to hold large uninvested cash positions or sell investments to raise the cash needed to satisfy redemption requests at times when it would not otherwise do so. In turn, the Funds performance may suffer and the Fund can incur high turnover, brokerage costs, realize gains or losses at inopportune times, lose money or hold a less liquid portfolio. Similarly, large Fund share purchases may adversely affect the Funds performance to the extent that the Fund is delayed in investing new cash and is required to maintain a larger cash position than it ordinarily would. A Fund may also experience adverse tax consequences as a result of a large shareholder transaction.
Regulator and Legal Risk
U.S. and non-U.S. governmental agencies and other regulators regularly implement additional regulations and legislators pass new laws that affect the investments held by a Fund, the strategies used by a Fund or the level of regulation or taxation applying to a Fund (such as regulations related to investments in derivatives and other transactions). These regulations and laws impact the investment strategies, performance, costs and operations of a Fund, as well as the way investments in, and shareholders of, a Fund are taxed. The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) recently adopted rules intended to limit, assess and manage liquidity risk. In the future, the rules may materially affect the securities in which a Fund invests and a Funds investment strategies and performance. Additionally, members of Congress have from time to time proposed legislation relating to the taxation of financial instruments, including legislation that would require holders to annually mark to market affected financial instruments and treat any resulting gains as ordinary income. These or other potential changes in law could adversely affect the tax treatment of an investment in a Fund.
An investment in the Fund is not a complete investment program.
Organization and Management of the Funds
The Funds' Board of Trustees has the overall responsibility for overseeing the management of each Fund.
The Investment Adviser
The Adviser serves as the investment adviser to each of the Victory Funds pursuant to an investment management agreement. The Adviser oversees the operations of the Funds according to investment policies and procedures adopted by the Board of Trustees. The Adviser is a New York corporation that is registered as an investment adviser with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). As of December 31, 2018, the Adviser managed and advised assets totaling in excess of $52.7 billion for individual and institutional clients. The Adviser's primary address is 4900 Tiedeman Road, 4th Floor, Brooklyn, Ohio 44144.
The Adviser is a multi-boutique asset manager comprised of multiple investment teams, referred to as investment franchises, each of which utilizes an independent approach to investing. Harvest Volatility Management ("Harvest") is the investment franchise responsible for management of the Funds.
Since the Funds were recently acquired, no advisory fees have been paid to the Adviser. A discussion of the Boards considerations in approving the Advisory Agreement will be included in the Funds next annual or semi-annual report to shareholders for financial reporting periods in which the Advisory Agreement was acted upon by the Board of Trustees. The table below sets forth the advisory fees paid by each Funds Predecessor Fund to Harvest Volatility Management, LLC during the fiscal period ended October 31, 2018.
Fund | Advisory Fee |
Harvest Edge Absolute Fund | 0.65% |
Harvest Edge Equity Fund | 0.55% |
Harvest Edge Bond Fund | 0.45% |
See "Fund Fees and Expenses" for information about any contractual agreement agreed to by the Adviser to waive fees and/or reimburse expenses with respect to a Fund. From time to time, the Adviser also may voluntarily waive fees and/or reimburse expenses in amounts exceeding those required to be waived or reimbursed under any contractual agreement that may be in place with respect to a Fund.
Portfolio Management
The Harvest team members who are jointly and primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the Funds (including their Predecessor Funds) are as follows:
Richard L. Selvala, Jr. , is Managing Partner, Co-Founder and Portfolio Manager of Harvest and has been with the Adviser since 2019 when the Adviser acquired Harvest Volatility Management, LLC. Prior to co-founding Harvest Volatility Management, LLC in 2008, Mr. Selvala was Co-Head of Volaris, Credit Suisses volatility management unit with $4 billion of AUM. Prior to Volaris, Mr. Selvala held various senior derivative management and marketing positions at 34 Credit Suisse, UBS and General Motors Treasurers Office. Mr. Selvala received an MBA from Harvard Business School in 1990 and received a BS in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Michigan in 1985.
Curtis F. Brockelman, Jr. , is Managing Partner and Co-Founder of Harvest and has been with the Adviser since 2019 when the Adviser acquired Harvest Volatility Management, LLC. Prior to co-founding Harvest Volatility Management, LLC in 2008, Mr. Brockelman was the Founder and Managing Partner of Perch Bay Group, LLC and Perch Bay Partners LLC. While at Perch Bay, Mr. Brockelman was the portfolio manager for Perch Bay Partners Sigma 1, LP, a volatility arbitrage hedge fund trading index options. Prior to Perch Bay, Mr. Brockelman was a Senior Vice President of Investments and a partner in The Brockelman Group at Salomon Smith Barney for seven years. Mr. Brockelman received a BA in Economics from Duke University in 1991.
Michael Zigmont, CFA , is a Partner and Portfolio Manager of Harvest and has been with the Adviser since 2019 when the Adviser acquired Harvest Volatility Management, LLC. He has more than 12 years experience in volatility trading, research and structuring. Prior to joining Harvest in 2008, an Equity Options Trader and Quantitative Analyst with Volaris, Credit Suisses volatility management unit, he was responsible for risk management of OTC and listed options on $4 billion of client assets. Subsequent to joining Volaris, Mr. Zigmont was a Vice President with Morgan Stanley in the Structured Investments Group and OTC Hedging Desk within the Institutional Equities Division. He holds a B.A. in Engineering Sciences from Dartmouth College and studied at the University of Mainz in Germany.
Tim Knowles , is a Managing Director and Portfolio Manager of Harvest's Call Writing and Put Writing strategies with eighteen years of experience trading and managing option portfolios. He has been with the Adviser since 2019 when the Adviser acquired Harvest Volatility Management, LLC. Prior to joining Harvest Volatility Management, LLC in 2016, Mr. Knowles was co-head of Credit Suisse Volaris, responsible for the portfolio management of the two largest strategies and the head marketer. Prior to joining Credit Suisse Volaris in 2004, Mr. Knowles was an options market maker for Tahoe Trading and Botta Capital Management. Mr. Knowles earned a bachelors degree in Economics from Duke University.
Investing with the Victory Funds
All you need to do to get started is to fill out an application.
An Investment Professional is an investment consultant, salesperson, financial planner, investment adviser, or trust officer who provides you with investment information. Your Investment Professional also can help you decide which share class is best for you. Investment Professionals and other intermediaries may charge fees for their services.
If you are looking for a convenient way to open an account or to add money to an existing account, we can help. The sections that follow will serve as a guide to your investments with the Victory Funds. Choosing a Share Class will help you decide whether it would be more to your advantage to buy Class A, Class C, Class I, Class R, Class R6 or Class Y shares. Class I, Class R, Class R6 and Class Y shares are available for purchase only by eligible shareholders.
This section of the Prospectus describes each share class currently offered by the Victory Funds. Keep in mind that not all Victory Funds offer each class of shares. Therefore, certain classes may be discussed below that are not necessarily offered in this Prospectus. The classes of shares that are offered by the Fund are those listed on the cover page designated with a ticker symbol.
This section of the Prospectus also describes how to open an account, how to access information about your account, and how to buy, exchange, and sell shares of a Victory Fund. Note, this information may vary if you invest through a third party such as a brokerage firm and will be dependent on that firm's policies and practices. Consult your Investment Professional for specific details.
We want to make it simple for you to do business with us. If you have questions about any of this information, please call your Investment Professional or one of our customer service representatives at 800-539-FUND. They will be happy to assist you.
Share Price
The daily NAV is useful to you as a shareholder because the NAV, multiplied by the number of Fund shares you own, gives you the value of your investment.
Each Victory Fund calculates its share price, called its net asset value ("NAV"), each business day as of the close of regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange, Inc. ("NYSE"), which is normally 4:00 p.m. Eastern Time. In the event of an emergency or other disruption in trading on the NYSE, a Fund's share price will be determined based upon the close of the NYSE. You may buy, exchange, and sell your shares on any business day at a price that is based on the NAV that is next calculated after you place your order. A business day is a day on which the NYSE is open.
To the extent a Funds investments include securities that are primarily traded in foreign markets, the value of those securities may change on days when shareholders are unable to purchase and redeem a Funds shares, such as on weekends or other days when the Fund does not price its shares.
Each Fund reserves the right to close if the primary trading markets of the Funds portfolio instruments are closed and the Funds management believes that there is not an adequate market to meet purchase, redemption or exchange requests. In addition, if the Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association recommends that government securities dealers close before the close of regular trading on the NYSE (the Alternative Closing Time), the Fund reserves the right to refuse any purchase or redemption order received after the Alternative Closing Time. If the Fund closes at the Alternative Closing Time, its NAV will be calculated as of the Alternative Closing Time. You may not be able to buy or sell shares on Columbus Day and Veterans Day, or on holidays when the Federal Reserve system is closed, but the NYSE and other financial markets are open
Each Fund prices its investments based on market value when market quotations are readily available. When these quotations are not readily available, a Fund will price its investments at fair value according to procedures approved by the Board of Trustees. A Fund will fair value a security when:
The use of fair value pricing may minimize arbitrage opportunities that attempt to exploit the differences between a security's market quotation and its fair value. The use of fair value pricing may not, however, always reflect a security's actual market value in light of subsequent relevant information, and the security's opening price on the next trading day may be different from the fair value price assigned to the security.
Each Victory Fund calculates the NAV of each share class by adding up the total value of the investments and other assets of that class, subtracting its liabilities, and then dividing that figure by the number of outstanding shares of the class.
You may be able to find a Fund's NAV each day in The Wall Street Journal and other newspapers. Newspapers do not normally publish fund information until a fund reaches a specific number of shareholders or level of assets. You may also find a Fund's NAV by calling 800-539-3863 or by visiting the Funds' website at VictoryFunds.com.
Choosing a Share Class
CLASS A
CLASS C
CLASS I
CLASS R
CLASS R6
CLASS Y
Share Classes
When you purchase shares of a Fund, you must choose a share class. The Victory Funds offer Class A, Class C, Class I, Class R, Class R6 and Class Y shares. Each share class represents an interest in the same portfolio of securities, but the classes differ in the sales charges, if any, and expenses that apply to your investment, allowing you and your Investment Professional to choose the class that best suits your investment needs. Not all Victory Funds offer all classes of shares, and some classes of shares are available for purchase only by eligible shareholders. The Victory Funds may offer additional classes of shares in the future.
Deciding which share class best suits your investment needs depends on a number of factors that you should discuss with your Investment Professional, including: how long you expect to hold your investment, how much you intend to invest, and the total expenses associated with each share class.
The Funds reserve the right, without notice, to change the eligibility criteria for purchasing a particular share class. For example, a class of shares may be available to purchase only by retirement plans or by institutional investors. The Funds may also waive any applicable eligibility criteria or investment minimums at its discretion.
A Fund or any class may be closed at any time for failure to achieve an economical level of assets or for other reasons. Certain financial intermediaries who hold shares on behalf of their customers impose fees when the amount of shares of a particular class falls below a minimum threshold. To the extent that the amount of shares falls below that threshold, the Funds reserve the right to liquidate the shares held in accounts maintained by the financial intermediary.
Calculation of Sales Charges for Class A Shares
For historical expense information, see the "Financial Highlights" at the end of this Prospectus.
Class A shares are sold at their public offering price, which is the NAV plus any applicable initial sales charge, also referred to as the "front-end sales load." The sales charge may be reduced or eliminated for larger purchases, as detailed below or as described under Sales Charge Reductions and Waivers for Class A Shares . The investment levels required to obtain a reduced sales charge are commonly referred to as "breakpoints."
All Class A purchases are subject to the terms described herein except for those purchases made through an intermediary specified in Appendix A - Variations in Sales Charge Reductions and Waivers Available Through Certain Intermediaries.
In order to obtain a breakpoint discount, you must inform the Victory Funds or your Investment Professional at the time you purchase shares of the existence of the other Victory accounts or purchases of Victory Funds that are eligible to be linked for the purpose of calculating the initial sales charge. The Fund or your Investment Professional may ask you for records or other information about other Victory Funds held in your Victory accounts and any linked accounts, such as accounts opened with a different financial intermediary.
The current sales charge rates and breakpoint levels for Class A shares of the Funds are listed below:
Your Investment in the Fund |
Sales Charge
as a % of Offering Price |
Sales Charge
as a % of Your Investment |
Up to $49,999 | 2.00% | 2.04% |
$50,000 up to $99,999 | 1.75% | 1.78% |
$100,000 up to $249,999 | 1.50% | 1.52% |
$250,000 up to $499,999 | 1.25% | 1.27% |
$500,000 up to $999,999 | 1.00% | 1.01% |
$1,000,000 and above 1 | 0.00% | 0.00% |
1 A contingent deferred sales charge (CDSC) of 0.75% may be imposed on certain redemptions of Class A shares purchased without an initial sales charge if any of those shares are redeemed within twelve months of purchase. This charge will be based on either the cost of the shares or NAV at the time of redemption, whichever is lower. No CDSC is imposed on shares representing reinvested distributions. You may be eligible for a reduction or waiver of this CDSC under certain circumstances. See CDSC reductions for Class A Shares and Appendix A - Variations in Sales Charge Reductions and Waivers Available Through Certain Intermediaries for details.
Sales Charge Reductions and Waivers for Class A Shares
There are several ways you can combine multiple purchases of Class A shares of the Victory Funds to take advantage of reduced sales charges and, in some cases, eliminate sales charges.
In order to obtain a Class A sales charge reduction or waiver, you must provide your Investment Professional, financial intermediary or the Funds' transfer agent, at the time of purchase, with current information regarding shares of any Victory Funds held in other accounts. Such information must include account statements or other records (including written representations from the intermediary holding the shares) that indicate that a sales charge was paid for shares of the Victory Funds held in: (i) all accounts (e.g., retirement accounts) with the Victory Funds and your Investment Professional; (ii) accounts with other financial intermediaries; and (iii) accounts in the name of immediate family household members (spouse or domestic partner and children under 21).
The availability of a sales charge reduction or waiver discussed below will depend upon whether you purchase your shares directly from the Funds or through a financial intermediary. In all instances, it is your responsibility to notify the Funds or your financial intermediary at the time of purchase of any relationship or other facts qualifying you for sales charge reductions or waivers. Different intermediaries may impose different sales charges. These variations are described in Appendix A Variations in Sales Charge Reductions and Waivers Available Through Certain Intermediaries. Except as described with respect to the intermediaries specified in Appendix A, all Class A shares are subject to the terms stated herein. In order to obtain waivers and discounts that are not available through your intermediary, you must purchase Fund shares directly from the Funds or through another intermediary.
You can find additional information regarding sales charges and their reductions, free of charge, at vcm.com/policies, by clicking on Victory Portfolios' Mutual Funds Pricing Policies.
You may reduce or eliminate the sales charge in a number of ways:
You should inform the Fund or your Investment Professional at the time of purchase of the sales charge waiver category which you believe applies.
CDSC for Class A Shares
A contingent deferred sales charge (CDSC) of 0.75% may be imposed on certain redemptions of Class A shares purchased without an initial sales charge if any of those shares are redeemed within twelve months of purchase. This charge will be based on either the cost of the shares or NAV at the time of redemption, whichever is lower. No CDSC is imposed on shares representing reinvested distributions.
More information is available in CDSC Reductions and Waivers for Class A and Class C Shares and Appendix A Variations in Sales Charge Reductions and Waivers Available Through Certain Intermediaries . All Class A purchases are subject to the terms described herein except for those purchases made through the intermediaries specified in Appendix A.
CDSC for Class C Shares
You will pay a 1.00% CDSC on any Class C shares you sell within twelve months of purchase. The CDSC is based on the current value of the shares being sold or their NAV when purchased, whichever is less. There is no CDSC on shares you acquire by reinvesting your dividends or capital gains distributions. You may be eligible for reduction or waiver of this CDSC under certain circumstances. There is no CDSC imposed when you exchange your shares for Class C shares of another Victory Fund; however, your exchange is subject to the same CDSC schedule that applied to your original purchase.
An investor may, within 90 days of a redemption of Class C shares, reinvest all or part of the redemption proceeds in the Class C shares of any Victory Fund at the NAV next computed after receipt by the transfer agent of the reinvestment order. Class C share proceeds reinvested do not result in a refund of any CDSC paid by the shareholder, but the reinvested shares will be treated as CDSC exempt upon reinvestment. The shareholder must ask the Distributor for such privilege at the time of reinvestment.
To keep your CDSC as low as possible, each time you sell shares we will first sell shares in your account that are not subject to a CDSC. If there are not enough of these to meet your sale, we will sell the shares in the order they were purchased.
More information is available in CDSC Reductions and Waivers for Class A and Class C Shares and Appendix A Variations in Sales Charge Reductions and Waivers Available Through Certain Intermediaries .
CDSC Reductions and Waivers for Class A and Class C Shares
No CDSC is imposed on redemptions of Class A and Class C shares in the following circumstances:
Eligibility Requirements to Purchase Class I Shares
Class I shares may only be purchased by:
A Fund may allow a lower initial investment if, in the opinion of the Distributor, the investor has the adequate intent and availability of assets to reach a future level of investment of $2,000,000.
Eligibility Requirements to Purchase Class R Shares
A Fund reserves the right to change the criteria for eligible investors and the investment minimums.
Class R shares may only be purchased by:
Eligibility Requirements to Purchase Class R6 Shares
Class R6 shares may only be purchased by:
Eligibility Requirements to Purchase Class Y Shares
Class Y shares may only be purchased by:
A Fund may allow a lower initial investment if, in the opinion of the Distributor, the investor has the adequate intent and availability of assets to reach a future level of investment of $1,000,000.
Eligibility of Individuals Associated with the Victory Funds and Fund Service Providers
Current and retired Victory Fund trustees and the officers, directors, trustees, employees, and family members of employees of the Adviser or Affiliated Providers are eligible to purchase the lowest expense share class offered by a Fund and may purchase Class A shares without imposition of a front-end sales charge. Shareholders who received Class A shares of the Victory Harvest Premium Funds in connection with the reorganization of those Funds may purchase additional Class A shares without imposition of a front-end sales charge and sell such shares without paying a CDSC. Affiliated Providers are affiliates of the Adviser and organizations that provide services to the Trust.
Information About Fees
Distribution and Service Plans
In accordance with Rule 12b-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, the Trust has adopted Distribution and Service Plans for Class A, Class C and Class R shares of the Funds.
Under the Class A Distribution and Service Plan, a Fund will pay to the Distributor a monthly fee at an annual rate of up to 0.25% of its average daily net assets of Class A shares. Under the Class R Distribution and Service Plan, a Fund will pay to the Distributor a monthly fee at an annual rate of up to 0.50% of its average daily net assets of Class R shares. The fee is paid for general distribution services, for selling Class A and Class R shares of the Fund and, as applicable, for providing personal services to shareholders of the Fund. Distribution and selling services are provided by the Distributor or by agents of the Distributor and include those services intended to result in the sale of Fund shares. Personal services to shareholders are generally provided by broker-dealers or other intermediaries and consist of responding to inquiries, providing information to shareholders about their Fund accounts, establishing and maintaining accounts and records, providing dividend and distribution payments, arranging for bank wires, assisting in transactions and changing account information.
Under the Class C Distribution and Service Plan, a Fund will pay to the Distributor a monthly fee at an annual rate of 1.00% of the average daily net assets of its Class C shares. Of this amount, 0.75% of the Fund's Class C shares average daily net assets will be paid for general distribution services and for selling Class C shares. The Fund will pay 0.25% of its Class C shares average daily net assets to compensate financial institutions that provide personal services to Class C shareholders of the Fund. Distribution and selling services are provided by the Distributor or by agents of the Distributor and include those services intended to result in the sale of the Fund's Class C shares. Personal services to shareholders are generally provided by broker-dealers or other financial intermediaries and consist of responding to inquiries, providing information to shareholders about their Fund accounts, establishing and maintaining accounts and records, providing dividend and distribution payments, arranging for bank wires, assisting in transactions and changing account information.
Because Rule 12b-1 fees are paid out of a Fund's assets and on an ongoing basis, over time these fees will increase the cost of your investment and may cost you more than paying other types of sales charges.
Other Payments to Financial Intermediaries
Except with respect to Class R6 shares, if you purchase Fund shares through an Investment Professional, a broker dealer, or other financial intermediary, the Fund may pay for sub-transfer agent, recordkeeping and/or similar administrative services. In addition, the Adviser (and its affiliates) may make substantial payments out of its own resources, including the profits from the advisory fees the Adviser receives from the Funds, to affiliated and unaffiliated dealers or other Investment Professionals and service providers for distribution, administrative and/or shareholder servicing activities. The Adviser also may reimburse the Distributor (or the Distributor's affiliates) for making these payments. Some of these distribution-related payments may be made to dealers or other Investment Professionals for marketing, promotional or related expenses; these payments are often referred to as "revenue sharing."
In some circumstances, these types of payments may create an incentive for a dealer or Investment Professional or its representatives to recommend or offer shares of the Victory Funds to its customers. You should ask your dealer or Investment Professional for more details about any such payments it receives.
No compensation, administrative payments, sub-transfer agency payments or service payments are paid to broker-dealers or other financial intermediaries from Fund assets, or from the resources of the Adviser or its affiliates on sales of or investments in Class R6 shares.
How to Buy Shares
Opening an Account
If you would like to open an account, you will first need to complete an Account Application.
You can obtain an Account Application by calling Victory Funds Customer Service at 1-800-539-3863. You can also download an Account Application by visiting the Victory Funds' website, VictoryFunds.com, and clicking on the Victory Funds Account Application link. Send the completed Account Application, along with a check made payable to the Victory Funds, at the following address:
Victory Funds
P.O. Box 182593
Columbus, OH 43218-2593
You can also obtain an Account Application by contacting your Investment Professional. When you invest through an Investment Professional, the procedures for buying, selling, and exchanging shares and the account features and policies may differ. In addition to any limitations described in this Prospectus, an Investment Professional or other intermediary may also place other limits on your ability to use the services of a Fund. Sometimes an Investment Professional will charge you for its services. This fee will be in addition to, and unrelated to, the fees and expenses charged by the Funds.
Mutual funds must obtain and verify information that identifies investors opening new accounts. If the Funds are unable to collect the required information, you may not be able to open your account. Additional details about the Funds' Customer Identification Program are available in the section "Important Fund Policies."
If you participate in a retirement plan that offers one of the Victory Funds as an option, please consult your employer for information on how to purchase shares of the Victory Funds through the plan, including any restrictions or limitations that may apply.
Paying for Your Initial Purchase
If you wish to make a purchase directly into the Victory Funds, make your check payable to the "Victory Funds." All checks must be drawn on U.S. banks. If your check is returned as uncollectible for any reason, you will be charged for any resulting fees and/or losses. The Fund does not accept cash, money orders, traveler's checks, credit card convenience checks, or third party checks. Additionally, bank starter checks are not accepted for the shareholder's initial investment into the Funds. All payments must be denominated in U.S. dollars.
Minimum Investments
If you would like to buy Class A or Class C shares, the minimum investment required to open an account is $2,500 ($1,000 for IRA accounts), with additional investments of at least $50. If you would like to buy Class I, Class R, Class R6 or Class Y shares, you must first be an Eligible Investor, as discussed in the section Choosing a Share Class Eligibility Requirements to Purchase . There are no minimum investment amounts required for Class I, Class R, Class R6 or Class Y shares except as set forth in the Eligibility Requirements to Purchase with respect to some types of accounts .
For Class C shares, individual purchases of $1,000,000 and above will automatically be made in Class A shares.
If your account falls below the minimum investment amount, we may ask you to reestablish the minimum investment. If you do not do so within 60 days, we may close your account and send you the value of your account.
The minimum investment required to open an account may be waived or lowered for employees and immediate family members of employees, of the Adviser, the Administrator, and their affiliates. In addition, the minimum investment required may be waived when a Fund is purchased through an Advisory Program within qualified retirement plans or in other similar circumstances. Although the Funds may sometimes waive the minimum investment, when they do so, they always reserve the right to reject initial investments under the minimum at their discretion.
There is no minimum investment required to open an account or for additional investments in Victory Simple IRAs.
A Fund reserves the right to change the criteria for eligible investors and the investment minimums.
Purchasing Additional Shares
Once you have an existing account, you can make additional investments at any time in any amount (subject to any minimums) in the following ways:
By Mail
To ensure that your additional investment is properly credited to your account, use the Investment Stub attached to your confirmation statement and send it with your check to the address indicated.
By Telephone
If you have an existing account that has been set up to receive electronic transfers, you can buy additional shares by calling Victory Funds Customer Service at 800-539-3863 between 8:00 a.m. and 6:00 p.m. (Eastern Time), Monday through Friday.
By Exchange
You may purchase shares of a Fund using the proceeds from the simultaneous redemption of shares of another Victory Fund if it is eligible for an exchange with your Fund. You may initiate an exchange online (if you are a registered user of VictoryFunds.com), by telephone, or by mail. See the section "Exchanging Shares."
Via the Internet
If you are a registered user, you may request a purchase of shares through our website at VictoryFunds.com. Your account must be set up for Automated Clearing House ("ACH") payment in order to execute online purchases.
By ACH
Your account must be set up for ACH payment in order to execute purchases online or by telephone. It takes about 15 days to set up an ACH account and only domestic member banks may be used. After your account is set up, your purchase amount can be transferred by ACH. Currently, the Funds do not charge a fee for ACH transfers but they reserve the right to charge for this service in the future. Your originating bank may charge a fee for ACH transfers.
By Wire
You may buy Fund shares by bank wire transfer of same day funds. Please call Victory Funds Customer Service at 800-539-3863 between 8:00 a.m. and 6:00 p.m. (Eastern Time), Monday through Friday for wiring instructions. Any commercial bank can transfer same-day funds by wire.
Although the transfer agent does not currently charge you for receiving same-day funds, it reserves the right to charge for this service in the future. Your bank may charge you for wiring same-day funds. You cannot buy shares for tax-qualified retirement plans by wire transfer.
By Systematic Investment Plan
To enroll in the Systematic Investment Plan, you should check this box on the Account Application or on the Account Maintenance Form. We will need your bank information and the amount ($50 or more) and frequency of your investment. You can select monthly, quarterly, semi-annual or annual investments. You should attach a voided personal check so the proper information can be obtained. You must first meet the minimum investment requirement before we will make automatic withdrawals from your bank account and invest it in shares of a Fund.
Other Purchase Rules You Should Know
The Funds reserve the right to refuse a purchase order for any reason, including if they believe that doing so would be in the best interest of a Fund or its shareholders. The Funds also reserve the right, without notice, to increase or decrease the minimum amount required to open, convert shares to, or maintain a Fund account, or to add to an existing Fund account.
Keep these addresses handy for purchases, exchanges, or redemptions.
|
BY REGULAR U.S. MAIL |
|
|
BY OVERNIGHT MAIL |
Use the following address ONLY for overnight packages:
Victory Funds
PHONE: 800-539-3863 |
|
BY WIRE |
Call 800-539-3863 BEFORE wiring money to notify the Fund that you intend to purchase shares by wire and to verify wire instructions. |
|
BY TELEPHONE |
800-539-FUND
|
|
ON THE INTERNET |
www.VictoryFunds.com |
Statements and Reports
You will receive a periodic statement reflecting any transactions that affect the balance or registration of Fund shares in your account. You will receive a confirmation after any purchase, exchange, or redemption. If your account has been set up by an Investment Professional, Fund activity will be detailed in that account's statements. Share certificates are not issued. Twice a year, you will receive a financial report of the Fund. By February 15th of each year, you will be mailed an IRS form reporting distributions for the previous year, which also will be filed with the IRS.
Retirement Plans
You can use the Funds as part of your retirement portfolio. Your Investment Professional can set up your new account under one of several tax-deferred retirement plans. Please contact your Investment Professional or the Fund for details regarding an IRA or other retirement plan that works best for your financial situation.
How to Exchange Shares
There may be limits on the ability to exchange between certain Victory Funds. You can obtain a list of Victory Funds available for exchange by calling 800-539-FUND or by visiting VictoryFunds.com
The shares of any class of a Fund may be exchanged for the shares of any other class offered by the Fund or shares of another Victory Fund, either through your Investment Professional or directly through the Fund, subject to the conditions described below:
If you have questions about these, or any of the Funds' other exchange policies, please consult Victory Customer Service or your Investment Professional before requesting an exchange.
Before exchanging, you should read the Prospectus of the Fund you wish to exchange into, which may be subject to different risks, fees and expenses.
Class C Share Conversion
Class C shares of a Fund will automatically convert to Class A shares in the month following the 10-year anniversary date of the purchase of the Class C shares. The conversion will be effected at the relative NAV of each such class without the imposition of any sales charge, fee or other charge.
You may be able to voluntarily convert your Class C shares before the 10-year anniversary to a different share class of the same Fund that has a lower total annual operating expense ratio provided certain conditions are met. This voluntary conversion feature is intended for shares held through a financial intermediary offering a fee-based or wrap fee program that has an agreement with the Adviser or the Distributor specific for this purpose. Generally, Class C shares are not eligible for conversion until the applicable CDSC period has expired. Please contact your financial intermediary for additional information.
Processing Your Voluntary Exchange/Conversion
If your exchange or conversion request is received and accepted by the Funds, an Investment Professional or other intermediary by the close of trading as described in the section entitled, Share Price, then your request will be processed the same day. If received after the close of trading, your request will be processed on the next business day. Please contact your financial intermediary regarding the tax consequences of any exchange or conversion.
Exchanges will occur at the respective NAVs of the Funds' share classes next calculated after receipt and acceptance of your exchange request in good order, plus any applicable sales charge described in the Prospectus. Share class conversions will be based on the respective NAV of each class as of the trade date of the conversion. Consequently, you may receive fewer shares or more shares than originally owned, depending on that day's NAVs.
Requesting an Exchange
You can exchange shares of the Funds by telephone, by mail or via the Internet. You cannot exchange into an account with a different registration or tax identification number.
By Telephone
Unless you indicate otherwise on the account application, Victory Customer Service will be authorized to accept exchange instructions received by telephone.
By Mail
Send a letter of instruction signed by all registered owners or their legal representatives to the Victory Funds.
Via the Internet
You may also exchange shares via the Internet at VictoryFunds.com if you are a registered user.
Other Exchange Rules You Should Know
The Funds may refuse any exchange purchase request if the Adviser determines that the request is associated with a market timing strategy. The Funds may terminate or modify the exchange privilege at any time on 60 days' notice to shareholders.
An exchange of Fund shares for shares of another Victory Fund constitutes a sale for tax purposes unless the exchange is made within an IRA or other tax-deferred account.
For information on how to exchange shares of a Fund that were purchased through your employer's retirement plan, including any restrictions and charges that the plan may impose, please consult your employer.
How to Sell Shares
There are a number of convenient ways to sell your shares. You can use the same mailing addresses listed for purchases.
If your redemption request is received in good order by the close of trading on the NYSE, your redemption will be processed the same day. Your redemption will not be processed until the next business day if it is received after the close of trading on the NYSE. You cannot redeem your shares at www.VictoryFunds.com.
|
BY TELEPHONE |
The easiest way to redeem shares is by calling 800-539-FUND. When you fill out your original application, be sure to check the box marked "Telephone Authorization." Then when you are ready to sell, call and tell us which one of the following options you would like to use:
The transfer agent records all telephone calls for your protection and takes measures to verify the identity of the caller. If the transfer agent properly acts on telephone instructions and follows reasonable procedures to ensure against unauthorized transactions, none of the Trust, its servicing agents, the Adviser, or the transfer agent will be responsible for any losses. If the transfer agent does not follow these procedures, it may be liable to you for losses resulting from unauthorized instructions.
If there is an unusual amount of market activity and you cannot reach the transfer agent or your Investment Professional by telephone, consider placing your order by mail.
|
BY MAIL |
Use the regular U.S. mail or overnight mail address to redeem shares. Send us a letter of instruction indicating your Fund account number, amount of redemption, and where to send the proceeds. A Medallion signature guarantee is required for the following redemption requests:
You can get a Medallion signature guarantee from a financial institution such as a commercial bank, broker dealer, credit union, clearing agency, or savings bank that is a member of a Medallion signature guarantee program.
|
BY WIRE |
If you want to receive your proceeds by wire, you must establish a Fund account that will accommodate wire transactions. If you call before the close of trading on the NYSE, your funds will be wired on the next business day.
|
BY ACH |
Normally, your redemption will be processed on the same day, but will be processed on the next day if received after the close of trading on the NYSE. It will be transferred by ACH as long as the transfer is to a domestic bank.
Systematic Withdrawal Plan
If you check this box on the Account Application or on the Account Maintenance Form, we will send monthly, quarterly, semi-annual, or annual payments to the person you designate. The minimum withdrawal is $25, and you must have a balance of $5,000 or more at the time you establish the Systematic Withdrawal Plan. If the payment is to be sent to an account of yours, we will need a voided check to activate this feature. If the payment is to be made to an address different from your account address, we will need a Medallion signature guaranteed letter of instruction. You should be aware that each withdrawal may be a taxable transaction. Also, each withdrawal reduces your account balance, and eventually your account balance may be depleted. However, you cannot automatically close your account using the Systematic Withdrawal Plan. If your balance falls below the initial purchase minimum, we may ask you to bring the account back to the minimum balance. If you decide not to increase your account to the minimum balance, your account may be closed and the proceeds mailed to you.
Additional Information About Redemptions
Distributions and Taxes
Buying a dividend. You should check the Funds' distribution schedule before you invest. If you buy shares of a Fund shortly before it makes a distribution, some of your investment may come back to you as a taxable distribution.
As a shareholder, you are entitled to your share of net income and capital gains on a Fund's investments. Each Fund passes its earnings along to investors in the form of dividends. Dividends paid by a Fund represent the net income from dividends and interest earned on investments after expenses. Each Fund will distribute short-term gains, as necessary, and if the Fund makes a long-term capital gain distribution, it is normally paid once a year.
The policy of Harvest Premium Absolute Fund and Harvest Premium Bond Fund is to distribute to its shareholders substantially all net investment income on a quarterly basis. The policy of Harvest Premium Large Cap Equity Fund is to distribute to its shareholders substantially all net investment income on an annual basis. It is also each Funds policy to distribute annually all net realized short-term and long-term capital gains, if any, after offsetting any capital loss carryovers. However, a Fund may not always pay a dividend or distribution for a given period. Each class of shares declares and pays dividends separately.
Distributions can be received in one of the following ways. Please check with your Investment Professional if you are unsure of which option is right for you.
Your choice of distribution should be set up on the original Account Application. If you would like to change the option you selected, please call 800-539-FUND.
Reinvestment Option
You can have distributions automatically reinvested in additional shares of your Fund. If you do not indicate another choice on your Account Application, you will be assigned this option automatically.
Cash Option
Effective May 1, 2019, if you elect to receive your distributions by check, and the distribution amount is $25 or less, the amount will automatically be reinvested in the same Fund. Otherwise, a check will be mailed to you no later than seven days after the dividend payment date. If you choose to have your distribution proceeds mailed to you and either the U.S. Postal Service is unable to deliver the distribution check to you or the check remains outstanding for at least six months, the distribution option on your account will default to the reinvestment option as described above. Each Fund reserves the right to reinvest the check in shares of the Fund at its then current NAV until you give the Fund different instructions. No interest will accrue on amounts represented by uncashed distribution checks.
Income Earned Option
You can automatically reinvest your dividends in additional Fund shares and have your capital gains paid in cash, or reinvest capital gains and have your dividends paid in cash.
Directed Distributions Option
In most cases, you can automatically reinvest distributions in shares of another Victory Fund. If you reinvest your distributions in a different Victory Fund, you will pay a sales charge on the amount of reinvested distributions.
Directed Bank Account Option
In most cases, you can automatically transfer distributions to your bank checking or savings account. Under normal circumstances, the transfer agent will transfer your distributions within seven days of the dividend payment date. The bank account must have a registration identical to that of your Fund account.
Important Information About Taxes
The tax information in this Prospectus is provided as general information. You should consult your own tax adviser about the tax consequences of an investment in the Fund.
A Fund expects to pay no federal income tax on the earnings and capital gains it distributes to shareholders.
Important Fund Policies
Customer Identification Program
To help the government fight the funding of terrorism and money laundering activities, federal law requires all financial institutions to obtain, verify and record information that identifies each person who opens a new account, and to determine whether such person's name appears on government lists of known or suspected terrorists and terrorist organizations.
As a result, the Victory Funds must obtain the following information for each person who opens a new account:
You may also be asked for a copy of your driver's license, passport or other identifying document in order to verify your identity. In addition, it may be necessary to verify your identity by cross-referencing your identification information with a consumer report or other electronic database. Additional information may be required to open accounts for corporations and other entities. Federal law prohibits the Victory Funds and other financial institutions from opening a new account unless they receive the minimum identifying information listed above. After an account is opened, the Funds may restrict your ability to purchase additional shares until your identity is verified. The Victory Funds may close your account or take other appropriate action if it is unable to verify your identity within a reasonable time. If your account is closed for this reason, your shares will be redeemed at the NAV next calculated after the account is closed.
Account Maintenance Information
For the following non-financial transactions, the Victory Funds require proof that your signature authorizing a transaction is authentic. This verification can be provided in all cases by either a Signature Validation Program (SVP) stamp or a Medallion signature guarantee (MSG). In some instances a Notary Public stamp is an acceptable alternative. As with the Medallion signature guarantee, a SVP stamp can also be obtained from a financial institution that is a member of the SVP program.
Market Timing
The Victory Funds discourage frequent purchases and redemptions of Fund shares (market timing). Market timing allows investors to take advantage of market inefficiencies, sometimes to the disadvantage of other shareholders. Market timing increases Fund expenses to all shareholders by increasing portfolio turnover. In addition, market timing could potentially dilute share value for all other shareholders by requiring the Fund to hold more cash than it normally would.
The Funds' Board of Trustees has adopted policies and procedures with respect to market timing. In order to prevent or minimize market timing, the Funds will:
In monitoring for market timing activity, we consider, among other things, the frequency of your trades and whether you acquired your Fund shares directly through the transfer agent or whether you combined your trades with a group of shareholders in an omnibus account or otherwise placed your order through a securities dealer or other financial intermediary.
Frequent trading by a shareholder is generally a characteristic of market timing. Therefore, any account in which Fund shares are acquired directly through the transfer agent, or where the Fund can adequately identify the shareholder, with a history of three short-term transactions within 90 days or less is suspected of market timing and the shareholder's trading privileges (other than redemption of Fund shares) will be suspended.
We may make exceptions to the "short-term transaction" policy for certain types of transactions if, in the opinion of the Adviser, under the oversight of the Board, the transactions do not represent short-term or excessive trading or are not abusive or harmful to the Funds, such as, but not limited to, systematic transactions, required minimum retirement distributions, transactions initiated by the Funds or administrator and transactions by certain qualified funds-of-funds.
If you acquired shares through an omnibus account or otherwise placed your order through a securities dealer or other financial intermediary (such as investment advisers, broker-dealers, third-party administrators or insurance companies), and market timing is suspected, different purchase and exchange limitations may apply. We may rely upon a financial intermediary's policy to deter short-term or excessive trading (i) if we believe that the financial intermediary's policy is reasonably designed to detect and deter transactions that are not in the best interests of the Funds, or (ii) if we receive an undertaking from the financial intermediary to enforce short-term or excessive trading policies on behalf of the Funds that provide a substantially similar level of protection for the Funds against such transactions. If you hold your Fund shares through a financial intermediary, you are advised to consult the intermediary to determine what purchase and exchange limitations apply to your account.
We reserve the right to reject or cancel a purchase or exchange order for any reason without prior notice. We will deny your request to purchase or exchange your shares if we believe that the transaction is part of a market timing strategy.
The Funds' market timing policies and procedures may be modified or terminated at any time under the oversight of the Board.
Portfolio Holdings Disclosure
Each Fund discloses its complete portfolio holdings as of the end of its second fiscal quarter and its fiscal year in its reports to shareholders. Each Fund sends reports to its existing shareholders no later than 60 days after the relevant fiscal period, and files these reports with the SEC by the 70th day after the end of the relevant fiscal period. You can find these reports on the Funds' website, VictoryFunds.com, and on the SEC's website, www.sec.gov.
Each Fund will file its complete portfolio holdings with the SEC for the first and third quarter of each fiscal year on Form N-PORT. Prior to Form N-PORT each Fund filed its complete list of portfolio holdings with the SEC for the first and third quarters of each fiscal year on Form N-Q. The Funds' filings on Form N-PORT and Form N-Q are available on the SECs website at www.sec.gov. Each Fund also discloses its complete portfolio holdings each calendar quarter on the Funds' website, VictoryFunds.com, no earlier than the 15th day after the quarter end.
You can find a complete description of the Funds' policies and procedures with respect to disclosure of its portfolio securities in a Fund's SAI or on the Funds' website, VictoryFunds.com.
Performance
The Victory Funds may advertise the performance of a Fund by comparing it to other mutual funds with similar objectives and policies. Performance information also may appear in various publications. Any fees charged by Investment Professionals may not be reflected in these performance calculations.
Advertising information may include the average annual total return of the Funds calculated on a compounded basis for specified periods of time. Total return information will be calculated according to rules established by the SEC. Such information may include performance rankings and similar information from independent organizations and publications.
Shareholder Communications
In order to eliminate duplicate mailings to an address at which two or more shareholders with the same last name reside, the Victory Funds may send only one copy of any shareholder reports, proxy statements, prospectuses and their supplements, unless you have instructed us to the contrary. You may request that the Victory Funds send these documents to each shareholder individually by calling the Victory Funds at 800-539-FUND (800-539-3863), and they will be delivered promptly.
While this Prospectus and the SAI of the Trust describe pertinent information about the Trust and the Funds, neither this Prospectus nor the SAI represents a contract between the Trust or the Funds and any shareholder.
Financial Highlights
The following financial highlights tables reflect historical information about shares of each Fund and are intended to help you understand each Fund's financial performance for the past five years, or, if shorter, the period of its operations. Certain information shows the results of an investment in one share of each Fund. To the extent the Fund invests in other funds, the Total Annual Operating Expenses included in the Funds' Fees and Expenses tables may not correlate to the ratio of expenses to average net assets in the financial highlights below. The total returns in the table represent the rate that an investor would have earned (or lost) on an investment in a Fund (assuming reinvestment of all dividends and distributions).
For periods prior to March 31, 2019, the financial highlights for Class A and Class Y shares of the Harvest Premium Absolute, Harvest Premium Bond and Harvest Premium Large Cap Equity Funds include the historical information of the Investor Class and Institutional Class, respectively, of each Funds Predecessor Fund, which prior to that date was a series of Harvest Volatility Edge Trust managed by Harvest Volatility Management, LLC.
The information presented has been audited by Cohen & Company. Ltd., each Predecessor Funds' independent registered public accounting firm, whose reports, along with the Predecessor Funds' financial statements, are included in the Predecessor Funds' annual report, which is available by calling the Fund at 800-539-FUND and at VictoryFunds.com.
Harvest Premium Absolute Fund
Class A | |
For the Period
December 19, 2017 (Commencement of operations) to October 31, 2018 |
|
Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period | $10.00 |
Investment Activities: | |
Net investment income (loss)(a) | 0.02 |
Net realized and unrealized losses on investments | (0.15) |
Total from Investment Activities | (0.13) |
Distributions from net investment income | |
Net Asset Value, End of Period | $9.87 |
Total Return (b) | (1.30)%(c) |
Ratios/Supplemental Data: | |
Net assets, end of Period (000) | $117 |
Ratios to Average Net Assets (including interest expense) | |
Operating expenses including fee waivers/reimbursements | 1.51%(d) |
Operating expenses excluding fee waivers/reimbursements | 7.73%(d) |
Net investment income including fee waivers/reimbursements | 0.20%(d) |
Ratios to Average Net Assets (excluding interest expense) | |
Operating expenses including fee waivers/reimbursements | 1.20%(d) |
Operating expenses excluding fee waivers/reimbursements | 7.42%(d) |
Net investment income including fee waivers/reimbursements | 0.51%(d) |
Portfolio turnover | 72%(c) |
(a) Calculated using average shares method.
(b) Total return is a measure of the change in value of an investment in the Fund over the periods covered, which assumes any dividends or capital gains distributions are reinvested in shares of the Fund. The returns shown do not reflect the deduction of taxes a shareholder would pay on Fund distributions or the redemption of Fund shares.
(c) Not annualized.
(d) Annualized.
Class Y | |
For the Period
December 19, 2017 (Commencement of operations) to October 31, 2018 |
|
Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period | $10.00 |
Investment Activities: | |
Net investment income (loss)(a) | 0.03 |
Net realized and unrealized losses on investments | (0.13) |
Total from Investment Activities | (0.10) |
Less Distributions | |
Distributions from net investment income | (0.03) |
Net Asset Value, End of Period | $9.87 |
Total Return (b) | (1.00)%(c) |
Ratios/Supplemental Data: | |
Net assets, end of Period (000) | $9,776 |
Ratios to Average Net Assets (including interest expense) | |
Operating expenses including fee waivers/reimbursements | 1.20%(d) |
Operating expenses excluding fee waivers/reimbursements | 6.45%(d) |
Net investment income including fee waivers/reimbursements | 0.36%(d) |
Ratios to Average Net Assets (excluding interest expense) | |
Operating expenses including fee waivers/reimbursements | 0.95%(d) |
Operating expenses excluding fee waivers/reimbursements | 6.20%(d) |
Net investment income including fee waivers/reimbursements | 0.61%(d) |
Portfolio turnover | 72%(c) |
(a) Calculated using average shares method.
(b) Total return is a measure of the change in value of an investment in the Fund over the periods covered, which assumes any dividends or capital gains distributions are reinvested in shares of the Fund. The returns shown do not reflect the deduction of taxes a shareholder would pay on Fund distributions or the redemption of Fund shares.
(c) Not annualized.
(d) Annualized.
Harvest Premium Large Cap Equity Fund
Class A | |
For the Period
December 19, 2017 (Commencement of operations) to October 31, 2018 |
|
Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period | $10.00 |
Investment Activities: | |
Net investment income(a) | 0.05 |
Net realized and unrealized losses on investments | (0.26) |
Total from Investment Activities | (0.21) |
Net Asset Value, End of Period | $9.79 |
Total Return (b) | (2.10)%(c) |
Ratios/Supplemental Data: | |
Net assets, end of Period (000) | $119 |
Ratios to Average Net Assets (including interest expense) | |
Operating expenses including fee waivers/reimbursements | 1.26%(d) |
Operating expenses excluding fee waivers/reimbursements | 37.17%(d) |
Net investment income including fee waivers/reimbursements | 0.51%(d) |
Ratios to Average Net Assets (excluding interest expense) | |
Operating expenses including fee waivers/reimbursements | 1.15%(d) |
Operating expenses excluding fee waivers/reimbursements | 37.06%(d) |
Net investment income including fee waivers/reimbursements | 0.62%(d) |
Portfolio turnover | 0%(c) |
(a) Calculated using average shares method.
(b) Total return is a measure of the change in value of an investment in the Fund over the periods covered, which assumes any dividends or capital gains distributions are reinvested in shares of the Fund. The returns shown do not reflect the deduction of taxes a shareholder would pay on Fund distributions or the redemption of Fund shares.
(c) Not annualized.
(d) Annualized.
Class Y | |
For the Period
December 19, 2017 (Commencement of operations) to October 31, 2018 |
|
Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period | $10.00 |
Investment Activities: | |
Net investment income(a) | 0.07 |
Net realized and unrealized losses on investments | (0.26) |
Total from Investment Activities | (0.19) |
Net Asset Value, End of Period | $9.81 |
Total Return (b) | (1.90)%(c) |
Ratios/Supplemental Data: | |
Net assets, end of Period (000) | $982 |
Ratios to Average Net Assets (including interest expense) | |
Operating expenses including fee waivers/reimbursements | 1.01%(d) |
Operating expenses excluding fee waivers/reimbursements | 14.71%(d) |
Net investment income including fee waivers/reimbursements | 0.74%(d) |
Ratios to Average Net Assets (excluding interest expense) | |
Operating expenses including fee waivers/reimbursements | 0.90%(d) |
Operating expenses excluding fee waivers/reimbursements | 14.60%(d) |
Net investment income including fee waivers/reimbursements | 0.85%(d) |
Portfolio turnover | 0%(c) |
(a) Calculated using average shares method.
(b) Total return is a measure of the change in value of an investment in the Fund over the periods covered, which assumes any dividends or capital gains distributions are reinvested in shares of the Fund. The returns shown do not reflect the deduction of taxes a shareholder would pay on Fund distributions or the redemption of Fund shares.
(c) Not annualized.
(d) Annualized.
Harvest Premium Bond Fund
Class A | |
For the Period
December 19, 2017 (Commencement of operations) to October 31, 2018 |
|
Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period | $10.00 |
Investment Activities: | |
Net investment income(a) | 0.12 |
Net realized and unrealized losses on investments | (0.60) |
Total from Investment Activities | (0.48) |
Less Distributions | |
Distributions from net investment income | (0.42) |
Total distributions | (0.42) |
Net Asset Value, End of Period | $9.10 |
Total Return (b) | (4.91)%(c) |
Ratios/Supplemental Data: | |
Net assets, end of Period (000) | $111 |
Ratios to Average Net Assets (including interest expense) | |
Operating expenses including fee waivers/reimbursements | 0.96%(d) |
Operating expenses excluding fee waivers/reimbursements | 38.91%(d) |
Net investment income including fee waivers/reimbursements | 1.49%(d) |
Ratios to Average Net Assets (excluding interest expense) | |
Operating expenses including fee waivers/reimbursements | 0.85%(d) |
Operating expenses excluding fee waivers/reimbursements | 38.80%(d) |
Net investment income including fee waivers/reimbursements | 1.60%(d) |
Portfolio turnover | 0%(c) |
(a) Calculated using average shares method.
(b) Total return is a measure of the change in value of an investment in the Fund over the periods covered, which assumes any dividends or capital gains distributions are reinvested in shares of the Fund. The returns shown do not reflect the deduction of taxes a shareholder would pay on Fund distributions or the redemption of Fund shares.
(c) Not annualized.
(d) Annualized.
Class Y | |
For the Period
December 19, 2017 (Commencement of operations) to October 31, 2018 |
|
Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period | $10.00 |
Investment Activities: | |
Net investment income(a) | 0.16 |
Net realized and unrealized loss on investments | (0.63) |
Total from investment operations | (0.47) |
Less Distributions | |
Distributions from net investment income | (0.05) |
Total distributions | (0.05) |
Net Asset Value, End of Period | $9.48 |
Total Return (b) | (4.71)%(c) |
Ratios/Supplemental Data: | |
Net assets, end of Period (000) | $902 |
Ratios to Average Net Assets (including interest expense) | |
Operating expenses including fee waivers/reimbursements | 0.72%(d) |
Operating expenses excluding fee waivers/reimbursements | 15.50%(d) |
Net investment income including fee waivers/reimbursements | 1.87%(d) |
Ratios to Average Net Assets (excluding interest expense) | |
Operating expenses including fee waivers/reimbursements | 0.60%(d) |
Operating expenses excluding fee waivers/reimbursements | 15.38%(d) |
Net investment income including fee waivers/reimbursements | 1.99%(d) |
Portfolio turnover | 0%(c) |
(a) Calculated using average shares method.
(b) Total return is a measure of the change in value of an investment in the Fund over the periods covered, which assumes any dividends or capital gains distributions are reinvested in shares of the Fund. The returns shown do not reflect the deduction of taxes a shareholder would pay on Fund distributions or the redemption of Fund shares.
(c) Not annualized.
(d) Annualized.
Appendix A Variations in Sales Charge
Reductions and Waivers Available Through
Certain Intermediaries
The availability of certain initial and contingent deferred sales charge reductions and waivers may depend on the particular financial intermediary or type of account through which you purchase or hold Fund shares. The following information about variations in sales charge reductions and waivers is applicable only to investors who purchase Fund shares through a Merrill Lynch, Ameriprise Financial, Morgan Stanley Wealth Management, or Raymond James platform or account.
In all instances, it is your responsibility to notify the Fund or your financial intermediary at the time of purchase of any relationship or other facts qualifying you for sales charge reductions or waivers. For reductions and waivers not available through a particular intermediary, shareholders will have to purchase Fund shares directly from the Fund or through another intermediary to receive those reductions and waivers.
Merrill Lynch
Shareholders purchasing Fund shares through a Merrill Lynch platform or account will be eligible only for the following load waivers (front-end sales charge waivers and contingent deferred, or back-end, sales charge waivers) and discounts, which may differ from those disclosed elsewhere in this Prospectus or in the SAI.
Front-End Sales Charge Waivers on Class A Shares available at Merrill Lynch |
Employer-sponsored retirement, deferred compensation and employee benefit plans (including health savings accounts) and trusts used to fund those plans, provided that the shares are not held in a commission-based brokerage account and shares are held for the benefit of the plan |
Shares purchased by or through a 529 Plan |
Shares purchased through a Merrill Lynch affiliated investment advisory program |
Shares purchased by third party investment advisors on behalf of their advisory clients through Merrill Lynch's platform |
Shares of funds purchased through the Merrill Edge Self-Directed platform (if applicable) |
Shares purchased through reinvestment of capital gains distributions and dividend reinvestment when purchasing shares of the same fund (but not any other fund within the fund family) |
Shares exchanged from Class C (i.e. level-load) shares of the same fund in the month of or following the 10-year anniversary of the purchase date |
Employees and registered representatives of Merrill Lynch or its affiliates and their family members |
Directors or Trustees of the Fund, and employees of the Fund's investment adviser or any of its affiliates, as described in this Prospectus |
Shares purchased from the proceeds of redemptions within the same fund family, provided (1) the repurchase occurs within 90 days following the redemption, (2) the redemption and purchase occur in the same account, and (3) redeemed shares were subject to a front-end or deferred sales load (known as Rights of Reinstatement) |
CDSC Waivers on A and C Shares available at Merrill Lynch |
Death or disability of the shareholder |
Shares sold as part of a systematic withdrawal plan as described in the Fund's Prospectus |
Return of excess contributions from an IRA Account |
Shares sold as part of a required minimum distribution for IRA and retirement accounts due to the shareholder reaching age 70½ |
Shares sold to pay Merrill Lynch fees but only if the transaction is initiated by Merrill Lynch |
Shares acquired through a right of reinstatement |
Shares held in retirement brokerage accounts, that are exchanged for a lower cost share class due to transfer to a fee based account or platform (applicable to A and C shares only) |
Front-end load Discounts Available at Merrill Lynch: Breakpoints, Rights of Accumulation & Letters of Intent |
Breakpoints as described in this Prospectus |
Rights of Accumulation (ROA) which entitle shareholders to breakpoint discounts will be automatically calculated based on the aggregated holding of fund family assets held by accounts within the purchaser's household at Merrill Lynch. Eligible fund family assets not held at Merrill Lynch may be included in the ROA calculation only if the shareholder notifies his or her financial advisor about such assets |
Letters of Intent (LOI) which allow for breakpoint discounts based on anticipated purchases within a fund family, through Merrill Lynch, over a 13-month period of time (if applicable) |
Ameriprise Financial
Shareholders purchasing Fund shares through an Ameriprise Financial platform or account are eligible for the following front-end sales charge waivers and discounts, which may differ from those disclosed elsewhere in the Funds Prospectus or SAI.
Front-End Sales Charge Waivers on Class A Shares available at Ameriprise Financial |
Employer-sponsored retirement plans (e.g., 401(k) plans, 457 plans, employer-sponsored 403(b) plans, profit sharing and money purchase pension plans and defined benefit plans). For purposes of this provision, employer-sponsored retirement plans do not include SEP IRAs, Simple IRAs or SAR-SEPs |
Shares purchased through an Ameriprise Financial investment advisory program (if an Advisory or similar share class for such investment advisory program is not available) |
Shares purchased by third party investment advisors on behalf of their advisory clients through Ameriprise Financials platform (if an Advisory or similar share class for such investment advisory program is not available) |
Shares purchased through reinvestment of capital gains distributions and dividend reinvestment when purchasing shares of the same Fund (but not any other fund within the same fund family) |
Shares exchanged from Class C shares of the same fund in the month of or following the 10-year anniversary of the purchase date. To the extent that this prospectus elsewhere provides for a waiver with respect to such shares following a shorter holding period, that waiver will apply to exchanges following such shorter period. To the extent that this Prospectus elsewhere provides for a waiver with respect to exchanges of Class C shares for load waived shares, that waiver will also apply to such exchanges |
Employees and registered representatives of Ameriprise Financial or its affiliates and their immediate family members |
Shares purchased by or through qualified accounts (including IRAs, Coverdell Education Savings Accounts, 401(k)s, 403(b) TSCAs subject to ERISA and defined benefit plans) that are held by a covered family member, defined as an Ameriprise financial advisor and/or the advisors spouse, advisors lineal ascendant (mother, father, grandmother, grandfather, great grandmother, great grandfather), advisors lineal descendant (son, step-son, daughter, step-daughter, grandson, granddaughter, great grandson, great granddaughter) or any spouse of a covered family member who is a lineal descendant |
Shares purchased from the proceeds of redemptions within the same fund family, provided (1) the repurchase occurs within 90 days following the redemption, (2) the redemption and purchase occur in the same account, and (3) redeemed shares were subject to a front-end or deferred sales load (i.e. Rights of Reinstatement) |
Morgan Stanley Wealth Management
Shareholders purchasing Fund shares through a Morgan Stanley Wealth Management transactional brokerage account are eligible only for the following front-end sales charge waivers with respect to Class A shares, which may differ from and may be more limited than those disclosed elsewhere in the Funds Prospectus or SAI.
Front-end Sales Charge Waivers on Class A Shares available at Morgan Stanley |
Employer-sponsored retirement plans (e.g., 401(k) plans, 457 plans, employer-sponsored 403(b) plans, profit sharing and money purchase pension plans and defined benefit plans). For purposes of this provision, employer-sponsored retirement plans do not include SEP IRAs, Simple IRAs, SAR-SEPs or Keogh plans |
Morgan Stanley employee and employee-related accounts according to Morgan Stanley's account linking rules |
Shares purchased through reinvestment of dividends and capital gains distributions when purchasing shares of the same fund |
Shares purchased through a Morgan Stanley self-directed brokerage account |
Class C (i.e., level-load) shares that are no longer subject to a contingent deferred sales charge and are converted to Class A shares of the same fund pursuant to Morgan Stanley Wealth Managements share class conversion program |
Shares purchased from the proceeds of redemptions within the same fund family, provided (i) the repurchase occurs within 90 days following the redemption, (ii) the redemption and purchase occur in the same account, and (iii) redeemed shares were subject to a front-end or deferred sales charge |
Raymond James
Effective March 1, 2019, shareholders purchasing Fund shares through a Raymond James platform or account will be eligible only for the following load waivers (front-end sales charge waivers and contingent-deferred, or back-end, sales charge waivers) and discounts, which may differ from those disclosed elsewhere in the Funds Prospectus or SAI.
Front-End Sales Charge Waivers on Class A Shares available at Raymond James |
Shares purchased in an investment advisory program |
Shares purchased through reinvestment of capital gains distributions and dividend reinvestment when purchasing shares of the same fund (but not any other fund within the fund family) |
Employees and registered representatives of Raymond James or its affiliates and their family members as designated by Raymond James |
Shares purchased from the proceeds of redemptions within the same fund family, provided (1) the repurchase occurs within 90 days following the redemption, (2) the redemption and purchase occur in the same account, and (3) redeemed shares were subject to a front-end or deferred sales load (known as Rights of Reinstatement) |
A shareholder in the Fund's Class C shares will have their shares converted at net asset value to Class A shares (or the appropriate share class) of the Fund if the shares are no longer subject to a CDSC and the conversion is in line with the policies and procedures of Raymond James |
CDSC Waivers on Classes A and C Shares available at Raymond James |
Death or disability of the shareholder |
Shares sold as part of a systematic withdrawal plan as described in the Fund's Prospectus |
Return of excess contributions from an IRA Account |
Shares sold as part of a required minimum distribution for IRA and retirement accounts due to the shareholder reaching age 70½ as described in the Fund's Prospectus |
Shares sold to pay Raymond James fees but only if the transaction is initiated by Raymond James |
Shares acquired through a right of reinstatement |
Front-End Load Discounts Available at Raymond James: Breakpoints, Rights of Accumulation |
Breakpoints as described in this Prospectus |
Rights of Accumulation (ROA) which entitle shareholders to breakpoint discounts will be automatically calculated based on the aggregated holding of fund family assets held by accounts within the purchaser's household at Raymond James. Eligible fund family assets not held at Raymond James may be included in the ROA calculation only if the shareholder notifies his or her financial advisor about such assets |
4900 Tiedeman Road, 4th Floor
Brooklyn, Ohio 44118
Statement of Additional Information (SAI): The SAI contains more information about the Funds' operations, investment restrictions, policies and practices. The SAI is incorporated by reference into this Prospectus, which means that it is legally part of this Prospectus, even if you do not request a copy.
Annual and Semi-annual Reports: Annual and semi-annual reports contain more information about the Funds' investments and the market conditions and investment strategies that significantly affected the Funds' performance during the most recent fiscal period.
How to Obtain Information: You may obtain a free copy of the SAI or annual and semi-annual reports, and ask questions about the Fund or your accounts, online at VictoryFunds.com, by contacting the Victory Funds at the following address or telephone number, or by contacting your financial intermediary.
By telephone:
Call the Victory Funds at 800.539.3863 |
By mail:
Victory Funds P.O. Box 182593 Columbus, OH 43218-2593 |
You also can get information about the Fund (including the SAI and other reports) from the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) on the SEC's Edgar database at http://www.sec.gov or, after paying a duplicating fee, by electronic request sent to the following e-mail address: publicinfo@sec.gov.
Investment Company Act File Number 811-4852 | VF-HAR-PRO (03/19) |
VICTORY FUNDS
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
March 8, 2019
FUND NAME |
|
CLASS A |
|
CLASS C |
|
CLASS I |
|
CLASS R |
|
Class R6 |
|
CLASS Y |
|
Victory Harvest Premium Absolute Fund |
|
HEANX |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
HEAIX |
|
Victory Harvest Premium Large Cap Equity Fund |
|
HEENX |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
HEEIX |
|
Victory Harvest Premium Bond Fund |
|
HEBNX |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
HEBIX |
|
(each a Fund and together, the Funds)
Each Fund is a series of Victory Portfolios (the Trust)
This Statement of Additional Information (SAI) is not a prospectus and should be read in conjunction with each Funds prospectus, dated March 8, 2019, as it may be amended or supplemented from time to time (each, a Prospectus). Copies of the Prospectus of each Fund can be obtained without charge upon request made to Victory Funds, P.O Box 182593, Columbus, Ohio 43218-2593, by calling toll free 800-539-FUND (800-539-3863) or at www.VictoryFunds.com.
This SAI incorporates by reference the financial statements of the Predecessor Funds (defined below) for the fiscal period ended October 31, 2018 contained in the Predecessor Funds October 31, 2018 Annual Reports, including the Financial Highlights and the related reports of Cohen & Company, Ltd., an independent registered public accounting firm. You may obtain a copy of the most recent Annual Reports at no charge by writing to the address or calling the phone number noted above.
Table of Contents
GENERAL INFORMATION |
3 |
|
|
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES, POLICIES AND LIMITATIONS |
3 |
|
|
INVESTMENT PRACTICES, INSTRUMENTS AND RISKS |
6 |
|
|
DETERMINING NET ASSET VALUE (NAV) AND VALUING PORTFOLIO SECURITIES |
22 |
|
|
ADDITIONAL PURCHASE, EXCHANGE AND REDEMPTION INFORMATION |
25 |
|
|
MANAGEMENT OF THE TRUST |
30 |
|
|
INVESTMENT ADVISER AND OTHER SERVICE PROVIDERS |
37 |
|
|
RULE 12B-1 DISTRIBUTION AND SERVICE PLANS |
44 |
|
|
CODE OF ETHICS |
46 |
|
|
PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES |
46 |
|
|
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND BROKERAGE |
48 |
|
|
DIVIDENDS, CAPITAL GAINS AND DISTRIBUTIONS |
52 |
|
|
TAXES |
52 |
|
|
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION |
63 |
|
|
APPENDIX A |
A-1 |
GENERAL INFORMATION
The Trust was organized as a Delaware statutory trust (formerly referred to as a business trust) on December 6, 1995 as a successor to a company named The Victory Portfolios, which was organized as a Massachusetts business trust on February 5, 1986. The Trust is an open-end management investment company. The Trust currently consists of 45 series of beneficial interest (shares).
Victory Capital Management Inc. (the Adviser or Victory Capital) is the Funds investment adviser. Each Funds investment objective(s), restrictions and policies are more fully described below and in each Funds Prospectus. The Trusts Board of Trustees (the Board or Trustees) may organize and offer shares of a new fund or a new share class of an existing Fund or liquidate a Fund or share class at any time.
This SAI relates to the shares of three Funds and their respective classes. These Funds have been newly formed for the purposes of completing the reorganizations (Reorganizations) with the three corresponding series of Harvest Volatility Edge Trust (Harvest Trust), a registered investment company (each such series, a Harvest Fund or a Predecessor Fund), as follows:
Predecessor Fund Name |
|
Fund Name |
Harvest Edge Absolute Fund |
|
Victory Harvest Premium Absolute Fund |
Harvest Edge Bond Fund |
|
Victory Harvest Premium Bond Fund |
Harvest Edge Equity Fund |
|
Victory Harvest Premium Large Cap Equity Fund |
The Funds, which have no assets or liabilities, will commence operations upon the completion of the Reorganizations. Upon completion of the Reorganizations, the Class A and Class Y shares of the Funds, as applicable, will assume the performance, financial and other historical information of the Investor Class and Institutional Class shares of the Predecessor Funds, respectively. Information presented for periods prior to the date of this SAI reflects, where applicable, the historical information of the Predecessor Funds.
Much of the information contained in this SAI expands on subjects discussed in each Funds Prospectus. Capitalized terms not defined herein are used as defined in each Prospectus. No investment in shares of a Fund should be made without first reading that Funds Prospectus.
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES, POLICIES AND LIMITATIONS
Investment Objectives
Each Funds investment objective is non-fundamental, meaning it may be changed by a vote of the Trustees without a vote of the holders of a majority of the Funds outstanding voting securities. There can be no assurance that a Fund will achieve its investment objective.
Investment Policies and Limitations of the Funds
Unless a policy of a Fund is expressly deemed to be a fundamental policy of the Fund, changeable only by an affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of that Funds outstanding voting securities, the Funds policies are non-fundamental and may be changed without a shareholder vote.
A Fund may, following notice to its shareholders, employ other investment practices that presently are not contemplated for use by the Fund or that currently are not available but that may be developed to the extent such investment practices are both consistent with the Funds investment objective and legally permissible for the Fund. Such investment practices, if they arise, may involve risks that exceed those involved in the activities described in the Funds Prospectus.
A Funds classification and sub-classification is a matter of fundamental policy. Each Fund is classified as an open-end investment company. Each Fund is sub-classified as a diversified investment company, which under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the 1940 Act) means that, with respect to 75% of a Funds total assets, the Fund may not invest in securities of any issuer if, immediately after such investment, (i) more than 5% of
the total assets of the Fund (taken at current value) would be invested in the securities of that issuer or (ii) more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of the issuer would be held by the Fund (this limitation does not apply to obligations of the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities and securities of other investment companies). A Fund is not subject to this limitation with respect to the remaining 25% of its total assets. In addition, under the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code), to qualify as a regulated investment company, all Funds must meet certain diversification requirements as determined at the close of each quarter of each taxable year. The Codes diversification test is described in Taxes.
The policies and limitations stated in this SAI supplement the Funds investment policies set forth in each Funds Prospectus. Unless otherwise noted, whenever an investment policy or limitation states a maximum percentage of a Funds assets that may be invested in any security or other asset, or sets forth a policy regarding quality standards, such standard or percentage limitation will be determined immediately after and as a result of the Funds acquisition of such security or other asset except in the case of borrowing (or other activities that may be deemed to result in the issuance of a senior security under the 1940 Act). Accordingly, any subsequent change in values, net assets, or other circumstances will not be considered when determining whether the investment complies with a Funds investment policies and limitations. If the value of a Funds holdings of illiquid securities at any time exceeds the percentage limitation applicable at the time of acquisition due to subsequent fluctuations in value or other reasons, the Trusts Board will consider what actions, if any, are appropriate to maintain adequate liquidity.
Fundamental Investment Policies and Limitations of the Funds
The following investment limitations are fundamental and may not be changed without the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the Funds outstanding shares, as defined under the 1940 Act. Under the 1940 Act, the vote of a majority of the outstanding shares of a Fund means the affirmative vote of the lesser of (a) 67% or more of the shares of the Fund present at a meeting at which the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Fund are represented in person or by proxy, or (b) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Fund.
1. Senior Securities
None of the Funds may issue senior securities, except as permitted under the 1940 Act, and as interpreted or modified from time to time by regulatory authorities having jurisdiction.
The Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC) takes the position that transactions that have the effect of increasing the leverage of the capital structure of a fund are the economic equivalent of borrowing, and they can be viewed as a type of borrowing known as a senior security for purposes of the 1940 Act. Examples of such transactions and trading practices include reverse repurchase agreements; mortgage-dollar-roll transactions; selling securities short (other than selling short against the box); buying and selling certain derivatives contracts, such as futures contracts; writing or selling put and call options; engaging in sale-buybacks; firm commitment and standby commitment agreements; when-issued, delayed delivery and forward commitment transactions; and other similar transactions. A transaction will not be considered to constitute the issuance by a fund of a senior security, as that term is defined in Section 18(g) of the 1940 Act, and therefore such transaction will not be subject to the 300% minimum asset coverage requirement otherwise applicable to borrowings by a fund, if the fund segregates assets or covers the transaction in accordance with applicable SEC or staff guidance. In most cases the fund need not physically segregate the assets. Instead, the funds custodian may note on the funds books the assets that are segregated. Segregated liquid assets may not be used to cover other obligations, and if disposed of, must be replaced.
2. Underwriting
None of the Funds may underwrite securities issued by others, except to the extent that a Fund may be considered an underwriter within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the Securities Act), in the disposition of restricted securities.
3. Borrowing
None of the Funds may borrow money, except as permitted under the 1940 Act, or by order of the SEC and as interpreted or modified from time to time by regulatory authorities having jurisdiction.
A Funds ability to borrow money is limited by its investment policies and limitations, by the 1940 Act, and by applicable exemptions, no action letters, interpretations, and other pronouncements issued from time to time by regulatory authorities, including the SEC and its staff. Under the 1940 Act, a Fund is required to maintain continuous asset coverage (that is, total assets including the proceeds of borrowings, less liabilities excluding borrowings) of not less than 300% of the amount borrowed, with an exception for borrowings not in excess of 5% of the Funds total assets made for temporary purposes. Any borrowings for temporary purposes in excess of 5% are subject to the minimum 300% asset coverage requirement. If the value of the assets set aside to meet the 300% asset coverage were to decline below 300% due to market fluctuations or other causes, a Fund may be required to sell some of its portfolio holdings within three days (excluding Sundays and holidays) to reduce the debt and comply with the 300% minimum asset coverage requirement, even in circumstances where it is considered disadvantageous from an investment perspective to sell securities at that time or at the prices then available.
4. Real Estate
None of the Funds may purchase or sell real estate unless acquired as a result of direct ownership of securities or other instruments. This restriction shall not prevent the Funds from investing in the following: (i) securities or other instruments backed by real estate; (ii) securities of real estate operating companies; or (iii) securities of companies engaged in the real estate business, including real estate investment trusts. This restriction does not preclude the Fund from buying securities backed by mortgages on real estate or securities of companies engaged in such activities.
5. Lending
None of the Funds may make loans, except as permitted under the 1940 Act, and as interpreted or modified from time to time by regulatory authorities having jurisdiction.
Generally, the 1940 Act prohibits loans if a funds investment policies do not permit loans, and if the loans are made, directly or indirectly, to persons deemed to control or to be under common control with the registered investment company.
6. Commodities
None of the Funds may purchase or sell physical commodities unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities or other instruments (but this shall not prevent a Fund from purchasing or selling options, futures contracts or other derivatives instruments, or from investing in securities or other instruments backed by physical commodities).
7. Diversification
Each Fund is a diversified investment company.
Under the 1940 Act a Funds sub-categorization as a diversified fund is fundamental policy. Diversified under the 1940 Act is defined to mean that the Fund may not (as to 75% of the Funds total assets) purchase any security (other than obligations of the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities and securities of other investment companies) if as a result (i) more than 5% of the Funds total assets (taken at current value) would then be invested in securities of a single issuer or (ii) more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of that issuer would be held by the Fund.
8. Concentration
None of the Funds may concentrate its investments in a particular industry, as the term concentration is used in the 1940 Act, and as interpreted or modified from time to time by regulatory authorities having jurisdiction. This restriction shall not prevent any Fund from investing all of its assets in a master fund that has adopted similar investment objectives, policies and restrictions.
Concentration means investing more than 25% of a Funds net assets in a particular industry or a specified group of industries.
Non-Fundamental Investment Policies and Limitations of the Funds
The following investment restrictions are non-fundamental and may be changed by a vote of a majority of the Trustees.
1. Illiquid Securities
No Fund may invest more than 15% of its net assets in illiquid securities.
In October 2016, the SEC adopted a liquidity risk management rule, Rule 22e-4 (the Liquidity Rule), that requires the Funds to establish a liquidity risk management program by June 1, 2018. On or about June 1, 2019, in connection with the implementation of Liquidity Rule, the term illiquid security will be defined as a security that a Fund reasonably expects cannot be sold or disposed of in current market conditions in seven calendar days or less without the sale or disposition significantly changing the market value of the security. Such securities include, but are not limited to, time deposits and repurchase agreements with maturities longer than seven days. Securities that may be resold under Rule 144A (Rule 144A securities), securities offered pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act (Section 4(a)(2) commercial paper), or securities otherwise subject to restrictions or limitations on resale under the Securities Act shall not be deemed illiquid solely by reason of being unregistered. Victory Capital, under oversight of the Board, determines whether a particular security is deemed to be liquid based on the trading markets for the specific security and other factors.
2. Other Investment Companies
Except for the Victory Harvest Premium Large Cap Equity Fund and Victory Harvest Premium Bond Fund, no Fund may purchase the securities of any registered open-end investment company or registered unit investment trust in reliance on Section 12(d)(1)(F) or Section 12(d)(1)(G) of the 1940 Act, which permits operation as a fund of funds.
INVESTMENT PRACTICES, INSTRUMENTS AND RISKS
In addition to the principal investment strategies and the principal risks of the Funds described in the Prospectus, each Fund may, but will not necessarily, employ other investment practices and may be subject to additional risks which are described further below. Because the following is a combined description of investment strategies and risks for all of the Funds, certain strategies and/or risks described below may not apply to your Fund. Unless a strategy or policy described below is specifically prohibited with respect to a particular Fund by the investment restrictions listed in the Prospectus, under Investment Policies and Limitations of the Funds in this SAI, or by applicable law, a Fund may, but will not necessarily, engage in each of the practices described below.
The Funds may, following notice to their shareholders, take advantage of other investment practices that presently are not contemplated for use by the Funds or that currently are not available but that may be developed, to the extent such investment practices are both consistent with a Funds investment objective and are legally permissible for the Fund. Such investment practices, if they arise, may involve risks that exceed those involved in the activities described in the Prospectus and this SAI.
Victory Capital serves as investment adviser to the Funds. Victory Capital is referred to in this section as an Adviser.
Each Fund implements a collateral yield enhancement overlay strategy that utilizes relatively short-dated (i.e., typically initiated one to three months prior to expiration) S&P 500 ® Index option call spreads and put spreads (the Collateral Yield Enhancement Strategy). These iron condors are comprised of a put option spread and a call option spread on the same index with generally the same expiration date and four different strike (exercise or expiration) prices. The Fund may also construct modified iron condors, which include various adjustments with respect to the equity index options or other characteristics of the technique. Although the Funds will not be short a naked (or uncovered) option, a Fund may from time to time be long additional options for risk management purposes.
In connection with constructing iron condors, as described in the Prospectus, the Adviser analyzes a variety of factors, including premium at risk (i.e., the amount of net option premiums paid in implementing the position), the time to expiration of options, the rate that options lose value as they near maturity (known as theta), the risk of gain
or loss resulting from changes in volatility (known as vega), the potential rate of change in the price of the applicable options with respect to the price level of the corresponding equity index (known as delta), and the change in the delta as a result of incremental changes in the price level of the corresponding equity index (known as gamma) and overall exposures generated by the equity index options. As described in the Prospectus, the Funds generally intend to structure these options contracts to qualify for treatment as a Section 1256 contract, in respect of which 60% of any gain is generally treated as long-term capital gain without regard to the holding period for such options.
In general, the Collateral Yield Enhancement Strategy is expected to benefit from a market that is relatively range bound (i.e., when the price level of the applicable index remains within the channels constructed through the equity index options). As disclosed in the Prospectus, the Adviser will manage each Funds assets in a manner generally designed to contain and quantify a Funds maximum loss exposure attributable to the Collateral Yield Enhancement Strategy. Each Funds Core Investments present risks to the Fund that are separate from, and in addition to, the risks to the Fund associated with its Collateral Yield Enhancement Strategy.
A Fund may pursue a relative value strategy by taking long exposure in securities or instruments believed to be undervalued and short exposure in securities or instruments believed to be overvalued.
The Adviser may, in its discretion, utilize a representative sampling strategy whereby the Victory Edge Equity Fund or the Victory Edge Bond Fund would hold a significant number of the component securities of the S&P 500 ® Index or the Bloomberg Barclays U.S. Aggregate Bond Index, respectively, but may not track that index with the same degree of accuracy as would an investment vehicle replicating the entire index.
The strategy is discussed in more detail in the Prospectus and in the section titled Writing and Purchasing Call and Put Options, below.
Asset-Backed Securities . A Fund may invest in asset-backed securities, which are securities that represent an interest in a pool of assets. These include secured debt instruments collateralized by automobile loans, credit card loans, home equity loans, manufactured housing loans, syndicated bank loans, and other types of debt providing the source of both principal and interest. The credit quality of an asset-backed security depends primarily on the quality of the underlying assets and the level of credit support, if any, provided by the issuer.
The Funds may invest in mortgage-backed securities (MBS), which are securities that represent an interest in a pool of underlying mortgage loans. MBS, including mortgage pass-through securities and Collateralized Mortgage Obligations (CMOs), include certain securities issued or guaranteed by the United States government or one of its agencies or instrumentalities, such as GNMA, FNMA, or FHLMC; securities issued by private issuers that represent an interest in or are collateralized by mortgage-backed securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or one of its agencies or instrumentalities; and securities issued by private issuers that represent an interest in or are collateralized by mortgage loans.
Mortgage-backed securities are subject to scheduled and unscheduled principal payments as homeowners pay down or prepay their mortgages. As these payments are received, they must be reinvested when interest rates may be higher or lower than on the original mortgage security. Therefore, these securities are not an effective means of locking in long-term interest rates. In addition, when interest rates fall, the pace of mortgage prepayments picks up. These refinanced mortgages are paid off at face value (par), causing a loss for any investor who may have purchased the security at a price above par. In such an environment, this risk limits the potential price appreciation of these securities and can negatively affect a Funds NAV. When rates rise, the prices of mortgage-backed securities can be expected to decline, although historically these securities have experienced smaller price declines than comparable quality bonds. In addition, when rates rise and prepayments slow, the effective duration of mortgage-backed securities extends, resulting in increased volatility.
MBS include commercial mortgage-backed securities (CMBS) and residential mortgage-backed securities (RMBS). The value of both CMBS and RMBS, like all MBS, depends on national, state and local conditions. CMBS are subject to credit risks because they tend to involve relatively large underlying mortgage loans and the repayment of commercial mortgages depends on the successful operation of, and cash flows from, mortgaged properties. RMBS are subject to credit risks arising from delinquencies and defaults on underlying mortgage loans by borrowers and breaches of underlying loan documentation by loan originators and servicers.
Borrowing and Other Forms of Leverage . Each Fund may borrow money to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act. The 1940 Act precludes a fund from borrowing if, as a result of such borrowing, the total amount of all money borrowed by a fund exceeds 33 1/3% of the value of its total assets (that is, total assets including borrowings, less liabilities exclusive of borrowings) at the time of such borrowings. This means that the 1940 Act requires a fund to maintain continuous asset coverage of 300% of the amount borrowed. If the 300% asset coverage should decline as a result of market fluctuations or other reasons, a Fund may be required to sell some of its portfolio holdings within three days to reduce the debt and restore the 300% asset coverage, even though it may be disadvantageous from an investment standpoint to sell securities at that time, and could cause the Fund to be unable to meet certain requirements for qualification as a regulated investment company under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code). In addition, certain types of borrowings by a Fund may result in the Fund being subject to covenants in credit agreements relating to asset coverage, portfolio composition requirements and other matters. It is anticipated that observance of such covenants would not impede the Adviser from managing a Funds portfolio in accordance with the Funds investment objectives and policies. However, a breach of any such covenants not cured within the specified cure period may result in acceleration of outstanding indebtedness and require the Fund to dispose of portfolio investments at a time when it may be disadvantageous to do so. These borrowings may be unsecured.
When a Fund borrows money or otherwise leverages its portfolio, the value of an investment in a Fund will be more volatile and other investment risks will tend to be compounded. Borrowing has a leveraging effect because it tends to exaggerate the effect on a Funds net asset value (NAV) per share of any changes in the market value of its portfolio securities and other assets. Money borrowed will be subject to interest costs and other fees, which may or may not be recovered by earnings on the securities purchased. A Fund also may be required to maintain minimum average balances in connection with a borrowing or to pay a commitment or other fee to maintain a line of credit. Either of these requirements would increase the cost of borrowing over the stated interest rate. Unless the appreciation and income, if any, on assets acquired with borrowed funds exceed the costs of borrowing, the use of leverage will diminish the investment performance of a Fund compared with what it would have been without leverage.
The SEC takes the position that other transactions that have a leveraging effect on the capital structure of a fund can be viewed as constituting a form of senior security of the fund for purposes of the 1940 Act. These transactions may include selling securities short, buying and selling certain derivatives, writing (or selling) put and call options, and other trading practices that have a leveraging effect on the capital structure of a fund or may be viewed as economically equivalent to borrowing. A borrowing transaction will not be considered to constitute the issuance of a senior security by a Fund if the Fund (1) maintains an offsetting financial position, (2) maintains liquid assets in a sufficient value to cover the Funds potential obligation under the borrowing transaction not offset or covered as provided in (1) and (3), or (3) otherwise covers the transaction in accordance with applicable SEC guidance (collectively, covers the transaction). The value of a Funds holdings in such instruments are marked-to-market daily to ensure proper coverage. A Fund may have to buy or sell a security at a disadvantageous time or price to cover such transaction. In addition, assets being maintained to cover such transactions may not be available to satisfy redemptions or for other purposes or obligations.
Cash Equivalent Investments. Each Fund may hold cash equivalent investments, which include short term, high quality, U.S. dollar denominated instruments such as commercial paper, certificates of deposit and bankers acceptances issued by U.S. or foreign banks, and Treasury bills and other obligations with a maturity of one year or less, including those issued or guaranteed by U.S. Government agencies and instrumentalities. See U.S. Government Securities below. Certificates of deposit are certificates issued against funds deposited in a commercial bank, are for a definite period of time, earn a specified rate of return, and are normally negotiable. Bankers acceptances are short-term credit instruments used to finance the import, export, transfer or storage of goods. They are termed accepted when a bank guarantees their payment at maturity.
The obligations of foreign branches of U.S. banks may be general obligations of the parent bank in addition to the issuing branch, or may be limited by the terms of a specific obligation and by governmental regulation. Payment of interest and principal upon these obligations may also be affected by governmental action in the country of domicile of the branch (generally referred to as sovereign risk). In addition, evidence of ownership of portfolio securities may be held outside of the U.S. and generally will be subject to the risks associated with the holding of such property overseas. Various provisions of U.S. law governing the establishment and operation of domestic branches do not apply to foreign branches of domestic banks. The obligations of U.S. branches of foreign banks may be general obligations of the parent bank in addition to the issuing branch, or may be limited by the terms of a specific obligation
and by federal and state regulation as well as by governmental action in the country in which the foreign bank has its head office.
Cash equivalent investments are often acquired directly from the issuers thereof or otherwise are normally traded on a net basis (without commission) through broker-dealers and banks acting for their own account. Such firms attempt to profit from such transactions by buying at the bid price and selling at the higher asked price of the market, and the difference is customarily referred to as the spread. Cash equivalents may be adversely affected by market and economic events, such as: a sharp rise in prevailing short-term interest rates; adverse developments in the banking industry, which issues or guarantees many money market securities; adverse economic, political or other developments affecting domestic issuers of money market securities; changes in the credit quality of issuers; and default by a counterparty. These investments may be subject to federal income, state income and/or other taxes. Instead of investing in cash equivalent investments directly, the Fund may invest in a money market fund.
Debt Securities. A Fund may invest in a broad array of short-, medium-, and long-term debt securities issued by the U.S. or foreign governments, government or international agencies and instrumentalities, and corporate and private issuers of various types. Some debt securities represent uncollateralized obligations of their issuers; in other cases, the securities may be backed by specific assets (such as mortgages or other receivables) that have been set aside as collateral for the issuers obligation. Debt securities generally involve an obligation of the issuer to pay interest or dividends on either a current basis or at the maturity of the security, as well as the obligation to repay the principal amount of the security at maturity. The rate of interest on debt securities may be fixed, floating, or variable. Some securities pay a higher interest rate than the current market rate. An investor may have to pay more than the securitys principal to compensate the seller for the value of the higher interest rate. This additional payment is a premium.
Debt securities are subject to credit risk, market risk, and interest rate risk. Except to the extent values are affected by other factors such as developments relating to a specific issuer, generally the value of a debt security can be expected to rise when interest rates decline and, conversely, the value of such a security can be expected to fall when interest rates rise. Some debt securities may be subject to extension risk. This is the risk that if interest rates rise, repayments of principal on certain debt securities, including, but not limited to, floating rate loans and mortgage-related securities, may occur at a slower rate than expected and the expected maturity of those securities could lengthen as a result. Some debt securities also involve prepayment or call risk. This is the risk that the issuer will repay a Fund the principal on the security before it is due, thus depriving a Fund of a favorable stream of future interest or dividend payments. A Fund could buy another security, but that other security might pay a lower interest rate. In addition, many fixed-income securities contain call or buy-back features that permit their issuers to call or repurchase the securities from their holders. Such securities may present risks based on payment expectations. Although a Fund would typically receive a premium if an issuer were to redeem a security, if an issuer were to exercise a call option and redeem the security during times of declining interest rates, a Fund may realize a capital loss on its investment if the security was purchased at a premium and a Fund may be forced to replace the called security with a lower yielding security.
The market value of debt obligations is affected primarily by changes in prevailing interest rates and the issuers perceived ability to repay the debt. The market value of a debt obligation generally reacts inversely to interest rate changes. When prevailing interest rates decline, the market value of the bond usually rises, and when prevailing interest rates rise, the market value of the bond usually declines.
In general, the longer the maturity of a debt obligation, the higher its yield and the greater the sensitivity to changes in interest rates. Conversely, the shorter the maturity, the lower the yield and the lower the sensitivity to changes in interest rates.
As noted, the values of debt obligations also may be affected by changes in the credit rating or financial condition of their issuers. Generally, the lower the quality rating of a security, the higher the degree of risk as to the payment of interest and return of principal. To compensate investors for taking on such increased risk, those issuers deemed to be less creditworthy generally must offer their investors higher interest rates than do issuers with better credit ratings.
Yields on short, intermediate, and long-term securities are dependent on a variety of factors, including the general conditions of the money and bond markets, the size of a particular offering, the maturity of the obligation, and the rating of the issue. Debt securities with longer maturities tend to produce higher yields and are generally subject to potentially greater capital appreciation and depreciation than obligations with shorter maturities and lower yields. The market prices of debt securities usually vary, depending upon available yields. An increase in interest rates will
generally reduce the value of portfolio investments, and a decline in interest rates will generally increase the value of portfolio investments. The ability of a Fund to achieve its investment objectives is also dependent on the continuing ability of the issuers of the debt securities in which the Fund invests to meet their obligations for the payment of interest and principal when due.
Commercial paper is a short-term debt obligation, usually sold on a discount basis, with a maturity ranging from 2 to 270 days issued by banks, corporations and other borrowers. It is sold to investors with temporary idle cash as a way to increase returns on a short-term basis. These instruments are generally unsecured, which increases the credit risk associated with this type of investment.
Corporate debt securities are long and short term fixed income securities typically issued by businesses to finance their operations. Corporate debt securities are issued by public or private companies, as distinct from debt securities issued by a government or its agencies. The issuer of a corporate debt security often has a contractual obligation to pay interest at a stated rate on specific dates and to repay principal periodically or on a specified maturity date. Corporate debt securities typically have four distinguishing features: (1) they are taxable; (2) they have a par value of $1,000; (3) they have a term maturity, which means they come due at a specified time period; and (4) many are traded on major securities exchanges. Notes, bonds, debentures and commercial paper are the most common types of corporate debt securities, with the primary difference being their interest rates, maturity dates and secured or unsecured status. Commercial paper has the shortest term and usually is unsecured, as are debentures. The broad category of corporate debt securities includes debt issued by domestic or foreign companies of all kinds, including those with small-, mid- and large-capitalizations. The category also includes bank loans, as well as assignments, participations and other interests in bank loans. Corporate debt securities may be rated investment grade or below investment grade and may be structured as fixed-, variable or floating-rate obligations or as zero-coupon, pay-in-kind and step-coupon securities and may be privately placed or publicly offered. They may also be senior or subordinated obligations. See Appendix A for a discussion of securities ratings.
In general, a Funds income may decline due to falling interest rates or other factors. Issuers of securities held by the Fund may call or redeem the securities during periods of falling interest rates, and the Fund would likely be required to reinvest in securities paying lower interest rates. If an obligation held by the Fund is prepaid, the Fund may have to reinvest the prepayment in other obligations paying income at lower rates.
Derivatives . Generally, derivatives can be characterized as financial instruments whose performance is derived at least in part from the performance of an underlying reference instrument. Derivative instruments, such as swaps, futures, forwards and options, may be acquired in the United States or abroad and include the various types of exchange-traded and over-the-counter (OTC) instruments. Derivative instruments may be based on securities, indices, currencies, commodities, economic indicators and events. Derivatives may create leverage, and may enhance returns and be useful in hedging portfolios. The Adviser may use derivatives for a variety of reasons, including: (i) to enhance a Funds returns; (ii) to attempt to protect against possible changes in the market value of securities held in or to be purchased for a Fund resulting from securities markets or currency exchange rate fluctuations (i.e., to hedge); (iii) to protect a Funds unrealized gains reflected in the value of its portfolio securities; (iv) to facilitate the sale of such securities for investment purposes; (v) to reduce transaction costs; (vi) to equitize cash; and/or (vii) to manage the effective maturity or duration of a Fund. The Adviser may use derivatives as a substitute for taking a position in the underlying asset and/or as part of a strategy designed to reduce exposure to other risks, such as interest rate or currency risk. Derivatives may allow the Adviser to increase or decrease the level of risk to which a Fund is exposed more quickly and efficiently than transactions in other types of instruments. There can be no assurance that the use of derivative instruments will benefit the Funds.
The use of derivative instruments may involves risks different from, and possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in the underlying reference asset of the derivative or other traditional securities. The use of derivatives can lead to losses because of adverse movements in the price or value of the underlying security, asset, index or reference rate, which may be magnified by certain features of the derivatives. These risks are heightened when a Fund uses derivatives to enhance its return or as a substitute for a position or security, rather than solely to hedge or offset the risk of a position or security held by a Fund. The use of derivatives to leverage risk also may exaggerate loss, potentially causing a Fund to lose more money than if it had invested in the underlying security, or limit a potential gain. Derivatives are subject to a number of risks described elsewhere in the Prospectuses and this SAI, such as price volatility risk, foreign investment risk, interest rate risk, credit risk, liquidity risk, market risk, and
management risk. They also involve the risk of mispricing or improper valuation and the risk that changes in the value of the derivative may not correlate well with the security for which it is substituting. However, there can be no assurance that, at any specific time, either a liquid secondary market will exist for a derivative or the Fund will otherwise be able to sell such instrument at an acceptable price. It may therefore not be possible to close a position in a derivative without incurring substantial losses, if at all. Over-the-counter derivative instruments involve an additional risk in that the issuer or counterparty may fail to perform its contractual obligations. In addition, the use of derivative instruments may cause the realization of higher amounts of short-term capital gains (generally taxed at ordinary income tax rates when distributed to shareholders) than if such instruments had not been used.
The laws and regulations that apply to derivatives and persons who may use them (including the Funds) are rapidly changing in the United States and abroad. As a result, restrictions and additional regulations may be imposed on these parties, trading restrictions may be adopted and additional trading costs are possible. In particular, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the Dodd-Frank Act) was signed into law in July 2010. Among other changes, the Dodd-Frank Act sets forth a new legislative framework for over-the-counter derivatives, including financial instruments, such as swaps, in which the Funds may invest. The impact of these changes on any of the Funds and their investment strategies is not yet fully ascertainable.
Equity Securities . The Funds may invest in equity securities. Equity securities are securities that represent an ownership interest (or the right to acquire such an interest) in a company and include common and preferred stock. Common stocks represent an equity or ownership interest in an issuer. Preferred stock represents an equity or ownership interest in an issuer that pays dividends at a specified rate and that has priority over common stock in the payment of dividends. In the event an issuer is liquidated or declares bankruptcy, the claims of owners of bonds take priority over holders of preferred stock, whose claims take priority over the claims of those who own common stock.
While offering greater potential for long-term growth, equity securities generally are more volatile and riskier than some other forms of investment, although under certain market conditions various fixed-income investments have comparable or greater price volatility. Therefore, the value of an investment in a Fund may at times decrease instead of increase. The Funds investments may include securities traded over-the-counter as well as those traded on a securities exchange. Some securities, particularly over-the-counter securities, may be more difficult to sell under some market conditions.
Common stock represents an equity ownership interest in the issuing corporation. Holders of common stock generally have voting rights in the issuer and are entitled to receive common stock dividends when, as and if declared by the corporations board of directors. Common stock normally occupies the most subordinated position in an issuers capital structure. Returns on common stock investments consist of any dividends received plus the amount of appreciation or depreciation in the value of the stock.
Although common stocks have historically generated higher average returns than fixed-income securities over the long term and particularly during periods of high or rising concerns about inflation, common stocks also have experienced significantly more volatility in returns and may not maintain their real value during inflationary periods. An adverse event, such as an unfavorable earnings report, may depress the value of a particular common stock. Also, the prices of common stocks are sensitive to general movements in the stock market and a drop in the stock market may depress the price of common stocks. Common stock prices fluctuate for many reasons, including changes in investors perceptions of the financial condition of an issuer or the general condition of the relevant stock market, or when political or economic events affecting the issuer occur. In addition, common stock prices may be sensitive to rising interest rates as the costs of capital rise and borrowing costs increase.
Preferred stock represents an equity interest in a corporation, company or trust that has a higher claim on the assets and earnings than common stock. Preferred stock usually has limited voting rights. Preferred stock involves credit risk, which is the risk that a preferred stock will decline in price, or fail to pay dividends when expected, because the issuer experiences a decline in its financial status. A companys preferred stock generally pays dividends after the company makes the required payments to holders of its bonds and other debt instruments but before dividend payments are made to common stockholders. However, preferred stock may not pay scheduled dividends or dividends payments may be in arrears. The value of preferred stock may react more strongly than bonds and other debt instruments to actual or perceived changes in the companys financial condition or prospects. Certain preferred stocks may be convertible to common stock. Preferred stock may be subject to redemption at the option of the issuer at a
predetermined price. Because they may make regular income payments, preferred stocks may be considered fixed-income securities for purposes of a Funds investment restrictions.
Convertible securities, which may be held by a Fund, share both equity and fixed income characteristics and are subject to risks which equity and fixed income instruments are subject.
Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs) and Other Investment Companies . A Fund may invest in shares of other investment companies (including mutual funds and ETFs) and other pooled investment vehicles. As the shareholder of another investment company, a Fund would bear, along with other shareholders, its pro rata portion of the other investment companys expenses, including advisory fees. Such expenses are in addition to the expenses the Fund pays in connection with its own operations. Despite the possibility of greater fees and expenses, investments in other investment companies may nonetheless be attractive for several reasons.
ETFs are pooled investment vehicles that may be designed to provide investment results corresponding to an index. These indexes may be either broad-based, sector or international. ETFs usually are units of beneficial interest in an investment trust or represent undivided ownership interests in a portfolio of securities (or commodities), in each case with respect to a portfolio of all or substantially all of the component securities of, and in substantially the same weighting as, the relevant benchmark index. ETFs may be designed to provide investment results that generally correspond to the price and yield performance of the component securities (or commodities) of the benchmark index. ETFs are listed on an exchange and trade in the secondary market on a per-share basis. The values of ETFs are subject to change as the values of their respective component securities (or commodities) fluctuate according to market volatility. Investments in ETFs may not exactly match the performance of a direct investment in the respective indices to which they are intended to correspond due to the temporary unavailability of certain index securities in the secondary market or other extraordinary circumstances, such as discrepancies with respect to the weighting of securities. Typically, the ETF bears its own operational expenses, which are deducted from its assets. To the extent that the Fund invests in ETFs, the Fund must bear these expenses in addition to the expenses of its own operation. Disruptions in the markets for the securities underlying ETFs purchased or sold by a Fund could result in losses on investments in ETFs. ETFs also carry the risk that the price a Fund pays or receives may be higher or lower than the ETFs NAV. ETFs are also subject to certain additional risks, including the risks of illiquidity and of possible trading halts due to market conditions or other reasons, based on the policies of the relevant exchange. ETFs and other investment companies in which a Fund may invest may be leveraged, which would increase the volatility of a Funds NAV.
The main risk of investing in index-based investment companies is the same as investing in a portfolio of securities comprising the index. The market prices of index-based investments will fluctuate in accordance with both changes in the market value of their underlying portfolio securities and due to supply and demand for the instruments on the exchanges on which they are traded. Index-based investments may not replicate exactly the performance of their specified index because of transaction costs and because of the temporary unavailability of certain component securities of the index.
An investment in a money market fund is not a deposit of any bank and is not insured or guaranteed by the FDIC or any other government agency. Certain money market funds seek to preserve the value of their shares at $1.00 per share, although there can be no assurance that they will do so, and it is possible to lose money by investing in such a money market fund. A major or unexpected increase in interest rates or a decline in the credit quality of an issuer or entity providing credit support, an inactive trading market for money market instruments, or adverse market, economic, industry, political, regulatory, geopolitical, and other conditions could cause the share price of such a money market fund to fall below $1.00. Other money market funds price and transact at a floating NAV that will fluctuate along with changes in the market-based value of fund assets. Shares sold utilizing a floating NAV may be worth more or less than their original purchase price.
Exchange-Traded Notes (ETNs) . A Fund may invest in ETNs. ETNs are senior, unsecured, unsubordinated debt securities issued by a sponsoring financial institution. The returns on an ETN are linked to the performance of particular securities, market indices, or strategies, minus applicable fees. ETNs are traded on an exchange (e.g., the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE)) during normal trading hours; however, investors may also hold an ETN until maturity. At maturity, the issuer of an ETN pays to the investor a cash amount equal to the principal amount, subject to application of the relevant securities, index or strategy factor. Similar to other debt securities, ETNs have a maturity
date and are backed only by the credit of the sponsoring institution. ETNs are subject to credit risk. The value of an ETN may be influenced by time to maturity, level of supply and demand for the ETN, volatility and lack of liquidity in underlying assets, changes in the applicable interest rates, changes in the issuers credit rating, and economic, legal, political or geographic events that affect the underlying assets. When a Fund invests in ETNs, it will bear its proportionate share of any fees and expenses borne by the ETN. Although an ETN is a debt security, it is unlike a typical bond, in that there are no periodic interest payments and principal is not protected. The timing and character of income and gains from ETNs may be affected by future legislation.
Foreign Investments . A Fund may invest, either directly or via exposure through a derivative instrument, in securities and other investments (which may be denominated in U.S. dollars or non-U.S. currencies) issued or guaranteed by foreign corporations, certain supranational entities and foreign governments or their agencies or instrumentalities, and in securities issued by U.S. corporations denominated in non-U.S. currencies. All such investments are referred to as foreign instruments.
Investing in foreign instruments offers potential benefits not available from investing solely in securities of domestic issuers, including the opportunity to invest in foreign issuers that appear to offer investment potential, or in foreign countries with economic policies or business cycles different from those of the United States, or to reduce fluctuations in portfolio value by taking advantage of foreign stock markets that do not move in a manner parallel to U.S. markets. Investments in foreign instruments present additional risks and considerations not typically associated with investments in domestic securities: reduction of income due to foreign taxes; fluctuation in value of foreign portfolio investments due to changes in currency rates and control regulations (e.g., currency blockage); transaction charges for currency exchange; lack of public information about foreign issuers; lack of uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards comparable to those applicable to domestic issuers; less trading volume on foreign exchanges than on U.S. exchanges; greater volatility and less liquidity on foreign markets than in the United States; less regulation of foreign issuers, stock exchanges and brokers than in the United States; greater difficulties in commencing lawsuits and obtaining judgments in foreign courts; higher brokerage commission rates than in the United States; increased risks of delays in settlement of portfolio transactions or loss of certificates for portfolio securities; requirement of payment for investments prior to settlement possibilities in some countries of expropriation, confiscatory taxation, political, financial or social instability or adverse diplomatic developments; repercussions of, or retaliatory measures resulting from, sanctions imposed by other nations and/or supranational entities; and unfavorable differences between the United States economy and foreign economies. In the past, U.S. government policies have discouraged certain investments abroad by U.S. investors, through taxation or other restrictions, and it is possible that such restrictions could be re-imposed.
In addition, there is a risk that foreign (non-U.S.) currencies will change in value relative to the U.S. dollar and affect a Funds investments in foreign (non-U.S.) currencies or securities that trade in, and receive revenues in, or derivatives that provide exposure to, foreign (non-U.S.) currencies.
Sovereign debt obligations are issued or guaranteed by foreign governments or their agencies. It may be in the form of conventional securities or other types of debt instruments such as loans or loan participations. A sovereign debtors willingness or ability to repay principal and pay interest in a timely manner may be affected by a variety of factors, including its cash flow situation, the extent of its reserves, the availability of sufficient foreign exchange on the date a payment is due, the relative size of the debt service burden to the economy as a whole, the sovereign debtors policy toward international lenders, and the political constraints to which a sovereign debtor may be subject. In addition, there may be no legal recourse against a sovereign debtor in the event of a default.
Stocks, bonds and other securities or investments are deemed to be foreign based primarily on the issuers place of organization/incorporation, but the Fund may also consider the issuers domicile, its principal place of business, its primary stock exchange listing, the source of its revenue or other factors. A Funds investments in foreign markets, may include issuers in emerging markets, as well as frontier markets, each of which carry heightened risks as compared with investments in other typical foreign markets.
Hedging . The Adviser may, from time to time, employ various hedging techniques in pursuing a Funds investment objective. Hedging activities may not work as intended or be successful. The success of these hedging techniques will be subject to the Advisers ability to correctly assess the degree of correlation between the performance of the instruments used in the hedging strategy and the performance of the investments in the portfolio or other exposures
being hedged. As the characteristics of many securities, indices or other reference instruments change regularly, the success of the hedging techniques will also be subject to the Advisers ability to continually recalculate, readjust, and execute hedges in an efficient and timely manner. To the extent the Fund engages in hedging, the Funds exposure to adverse market or issuer-specific events will likely not be eliminated but these activities are intended to reduce the possibility that the Fund will be adversely affected by such events. Such hedging transactions also limit the opportunity for gain if the value of the portfolio position should increase. For a variety of reasons, it is not possible to hedge fully or perfectly against any risk, and hedging entails its own costs (such as trading commissions and fees). The Adviser may determine, in its sole discretion, not to hedge against certain risks and certain risks may exist that cannot be hedged. Furthermore, the Adviser may not anticipate a particular risk so as to hedge against it effectively. Hedging transactions also limit the opportunity for gain if the value of a hedged portfolio position should increase.
High Yield Securities . High yield, or low and below investment grade securities (below investment grade securities are also known as junk bonds) are debt securities with the lowest investment grade rating (e.g., BBB by S&P and Fitch or Baa by Moodys), that are below investment grade (e.g., lower than BBB by S&P and Fitch or Baa by Moodys) or that are unrated but determined by the Adviser to be of comparable quality. These types of securities, which may be purchased by a Fund, may be issued to fund corporate transactions or restructurings, such as leveraged buyouts, mergers, acquisitions, debt reclassifications or similar events, are more speculative in nature than securities with higher ratings and tend to be more sensitive to credit risk, particularly during a downturn in the economy. These types of securities generally are issued by unseasoned companies without long track records of sales and earnings, or by companies or municipalities that have questionable credit strength. High-yield securities and comparable unrated securities: (i) likely will have some quality and protective characteristics that, in the judgment of one or more NRSROs, are outweighed by large uncertainties or major risk exposures to adverse conditions; (ii) are speculative with respect to the issuers capacity to pay interest and repay principal in accordance with the terms of the obligation; and (iii) may have a less liquid secondary market, potentially making it difficult to value or sell such securities. Credit ratings issued by credit rating agencies are designed to evaluate the safety of principal and interest payments of rated securities. They do not, however, evaluate the market value risk of lower-quality securities and, therefore, may not fully reflect the true risks of an investment. In addition, credit rating agencies may or may not make timely changes in a rating to reflect changes in the economy or in the condition of the issuer that affect the market value of the securities. Consequently, credit ratings are used only as a preliminary indicator of investment quality. High-yield securities may be structured as fixed-, variable- or floating-rate obligations or as zero-coupon, pay-in-kind and step-coupon securities and may be privately placed or publicly offered.
The rates of return on these types of securities generally are higher than the rates of return available on more highly rated securities, but generally involve greater volatility of price and risk of loss of principal and income, including the possibility of default by or insolvency of the issuers of such securities. Accordingly, a Fund may be more dependent on the Advisers credit analysis with respect to these types of securities than is the case for more highly rated securities.
The market values of certain high-yield securities and comparable unrated securities tend to be more sensitive to individual corporate developments and changes in economic conditions than are the market values of more highly rated securities. In addition, issuers of high-yield and comparable unrated securities often are highly leveraged and may not have more traditional methods of financing available to them, so that their ability to service their debt obligations during an economic downturn or during sustained periods of rising interest rates may be impaired.
The risk of loss due to default is greater for high-yield and comparable unrated securities than it is for higher rated securities because high-yield securities and comparable unrated securities generally are unsecured and frequently are subordinated to more senior indebtedness. A Fund may incur additional expenses to the extent that it is required to seek recovery upon a default in the payment of principal or interest on its holdings of such securities. The existence of limited markets for lower-rated debt securities may diminish a Funds ability to: (i) obtain accurate market quotations for purposes of valuing such securities and calculating portfolio net asset value; and (ii) sell the securities at fair market value either to meet redemption requests or to respond to changes in the economy or in financial markets.
Many lower-rated securities are not registered for offer and sale to the public under the Securities Act. Investments in these restricted securities may be determined to be liquid (able to be sold within seven days at approximately the price at which they are valued by a Fund) pursuant to policies approved by the Board. Investments in illiquid securities, including restricted securities that have not been determined to be liquid, may not exceed 15% of a Funds net assets. A Fund is not otherwise subject to any limitation on its ability to invest in restricted securities. Restricted
securities may be less liquid than other lower-rated securities, potentially making it difficult to value or sell such securities.
Liquidity and Valuation . Many factors may influence the price at which a Fund could sell an investment at a given time. Investments are subject to liquidity risk when they are difficult to purchase or sell under favorable conditions. Investments in certain securities or other assets, such as high-yield bonds, loans or those traded in over-the-counter markets, may be particularly subject to liquidity risk. A Funds ability to sell an instrument may be negatively impacted as a result of various market events or circumstances or characteristics of the particular instrument. In addition, market participants attempting to sell the same or similar instruments at the same time as a Fund may increase the Funds exposure to liquidity risk. Investments in less liquid or illiquid securities may reduce the returns of a Fund because it may be unable to sell the securities at an advantageous time or price. Thus, a Fund may be forced to accept a lower sale price for the security, sell other investments or forego another more attractive investment opportunity. Liquid securities purchased by a Fund may subsequently become less liquid or illiquid, and harder to value.
Illiquid securities are defined by a Fund consistent with the SEC staffs current guidance and interpretations which provide that an illiquid security is an asset which may not be sold or disposed of in the ordinary course of business within seven days at approximately the value at which a Fund has valued the investment on its books. Some securities, such as those not registered under U.S. securities laws, cannot be sold in public transactions. Some securities are deemed to be illiquid because they are subject to contractual or legal restrictions on resale. Subject to its investment policies, a Fund may invest in illiquid investments and may invest in certain restricted securities that are deemed to be illiquid securities at the time of purchase. Applicable regulatory guidance and interpretations provide examples of factors that may be taken into account in determining whether a particular instrument should be treated as illiquid. Under the Funds liquidity determination procedures, the Adviser may consider factors deemed relevant. A Fund may not invest more than 15% of its net assets in securities or assets that are determined to be illiquid pursuant to the Trusts applicable procedures.
In October 2016, the SEC adopted the Liquidity Rule that requires the Funds to establish a liquidity risk management program by June 1, 2018. On or about June 1, 2019, in connection with the implementation of Liquidity Rule, the term illiquid security will be defined as a security that a Fund reasonably expects cannot be sold or disposed of in current market conditions in seven calendar days or less without the sale or disposition significantly changing the market value of the security. The Adviser, under oversight of the Board, determines whether a particular security is deemed to be liquid based on the trading markets for the specific security and other factors. The Adviser continues to evaluate the potential impact of the new governmental regulation on the Funds and may have to make changes to a Funds strategies in the future.
At times, market quotations may not be readily available and the Funds may be unable to obtain prices or other reliable information from third-parties to support valuation. In these circumstances, it may be difficult for a Fund to accurately value certain investments and the Fund may need to value investments using fair value methodologies. There are multiple methods to establish fair value and different methods or other factors may lead to different fair values. As a result, the price a Fund could receive for a security may differ from the Funds valuation of the security, particularly during periods of market turmoil or volatility or for securities that are thinly traded or valued using a fair value methodology or information provided by third-party pricing services. Thus, a Fund may realize a loss or gain that is greater than expected upon the sale of the security. Fair valued securities may be subject to greater fluctuations than securities valued based on readily available market quotations. Some securities, while not technically fair valued, may nevertheless be difficult to value and rely on limited and difficult to assess inputs and market data.
Short Sales . A Fund may engage in short sales, including short sales against the box. Short sales (other than against the box) are transactions in which a Fund sells an instrument it does not own in anticipation of a decline in the market value of that instrument. A short sale against the box is a short sale where at the time of the sale, the Fund owns or has the right to obtain instruments equivalent in kind and amounts. To complete a short sale transaction, the Fund must borrow the instrument to make delivery to the buyer. The Fund then is obligated to replace the instrument borrowed by purchasing it at the market price at the time of replacement. The price at such time may be more or less than the price at which the instrument was sold by the Fund. Until the instrument is replaced, the Fund is required to pay to the lender amounts equal to any interest or dividends which accrue during the period of the loan. To borrow the instrument, the Fund also may be required to pay a premium, which would increase the cost of the instrument sold. There will also be other costs associated with short sales.
The Fund will incur a loss as a result of the short sale if the price of the instrument increases between the date of the short sale and the date on which the Fund replaces the borrowed instrument. Unlike taking a long position in an instrument by purchasing the instrument, where potential losses are limited to the purchase price, short sales have no cap on maximum loss. The Fund will realize a gain if the instrument declines in price between those dates. This result is the opposite of what one would expect from a cash purchase of a long position in an instrument.
Until the Fund replaces a borrowed instrument in connection with a short sale, the Fund will (a) designate on its records as collateral cash or liquid assets at such a level that the designated assets plus any amount deposited with the broker as collateral will equal the current value of the instrument sold short or (b) otherwise cover its short position in accordance with applicable law. The amount designated on the Funds records will be marked to market daily. This may limit the Funds investment flexibility, as well as its ability to meet redemption requests or other current obligations.
There is no guarantee that a Fund will be able to close out a short position at any particular time or at an acceptable price. During the time that the Fund is short an instrument, it is subject to the risk that the lender of the instrument will terminate the loan at a time when the Fund is unable to borrow the same instrument from another lender. If that occurs, the Fund may be bought in at the price required to purchase the instrument needed to close out the short position, which may be a disadvantageous price. Thus, there is a risk that a Fund may be unable to fully implement its investment strategy due to a lack of available instruments or for some other reason. It is possible that the market value of the instruments a Fund holds in long positions will decline at the same time that the market value of the instruments a Fund has sold short increases, thereby increasing a Fund potential volatility. Short sales also involve other costs. The Fund must normally repay to the lender an amount equal to any dividends or interest that accrues while the loan is outstanding. In addition, to borrow the instrument, the Fund may be required to pay a premium. The Fund also will incur transaction costs in effecting short sales. The amount of any ultimate gain for the Fund resulting from a short sale will be decreased, and the amount of any ultimate loss will be increased, by the amount of premiums, dividends, interest or expenses the Fund may be required to pay in connection with the short sale.
A Fund may enter into short sales on derivative instruments with a counterparty, which will subject the Fund to counterparty risk.
In addition to the general risks related to short sales discussed above, the Fund will be subject to additional risks if it makes short sales against the box, a transaction in which the Fund enters into a short sale of an instrument that the Fund owns or has the right to obtain at no additional cost. In a short sale against the box transaction, the Fund does not immediately deliver the instruments sold and is said to have a short position in those instruments until delivery occurs. If the Fund effects a short sale of instruments against the box at a time when it has an unrealized gain on the instruments, it may be required to recognize that gain as if it had actually sold the instruments (as a constructive sale) on the date it effects the short sale. However, such constructive sale treatment may not apply if the Fund closes out the short sale with instruments other than the appreciated instruments held at the time of the short sale and if certain other conditions are satisfied.
U.S. Government Securities . A Fund may invest in government securities, which are obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, its agencies, instrumentalities or sponsored enterprises (U.S. Government Securities). Some U.S. Government Securities (such as Treasury bills, notes and bonds, which differ only in their interest rates, maturities and times of issuance) are supported by the full faith and credit of the United States. Others, such as obligations issued or guaranteed by U.S. Government agencies, instrumentalities or sponsored enterprises, are supported either by (i) the right of the issuer to borrow from the U.S. Treasury Department (the Treasury), (ii) the discretionary authority of the U.S. Government to purchase certain obligations of the issuer or (iii) only the credit of the issuer. U.S. Treasury obligations may differ from other securities in their interest rates, maturities, times of issuance and other characteristics and may provide relatively lower returns than those of other securities. Similar to other issuers, changes to the financial condition or credit rating of the U.S. government may cause the value of a Funds U.S. Treasury Obligations to decline.
The U.S. Government is under no legal obligation, in general, to purchase the obligations of its agencies, instrumentalities or sponsored enterprises. No assurance can be given that the U.S. Government will provide financial
support to the U.S. Government agencies, instrumentalities or sponsored enterprises in the future, and the U.S. Government may be unable to pay debts when due.
U.S. Government Securities are deemed to include (to the extent consistent with the Act): (i) securities for which the payment of principal and interest is backed by an irrevocable letter of credit issued by the U.S. Government, its agencies, instrumentalities or sponsored enterprises; and (ii) participations in loans made to foreign governments or their agencies that are guaranteed as to principal and interest by the U.S. Government or its agencies, instrumentalities or sponsored enterprises. The secondary market for certain of these participations is extremely limited. In the absence of a suitable secondary market, such participations are regarded as illiquid.
The Fund may invest in separately traded principal and interest components (STRIPS) of securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Treasury. The principal and interest components of selected securities are traded independently under the STRIPS program. Under the STRIPS program, the principal and interest components are individually numbered and separately issued by the U.S. Treasury at the request of depository financial institutions, which then trade the component parts independently.
The volatility and disruption that impacted the capital and credit markets during late 2008 and into 2009 have led to increased market concerns about the ability of the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac) and the Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae) to withstand future credit losses associated with securities held in their investment portfolios, and on which they provide guarantees, without the direct support of the federal government. On September 6, 2008, both Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae were placed under the conservatorship of the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA). Under the plan of conservatorship, the FHFA has assumed control of, and generally has the power to direct, the operations of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae, and is empowered to exercise all powers collectively held by their respective shareholders, directors and officers, including the power to (1) take over the assets of and operate Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae with all the powers of the shareholders, the directors, and the officers of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae and conduct all business of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae; (2) collect all obligations and money due to Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae; (3) perform all functions of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae which are consistent with the conservators appointment; (4) preserve and conserve the assets and property of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae; and (5) contract for assistance in fulfilling any function, activity, action or duty of the conservator. In addition, in connection with the actions taken by the FHFA, the U.S. Treasury Department (the Treasury) entered into certain preferred stock purchase agreements with each of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae which established the Treasury as the holder of a new class of senior preferred stock in each of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae, which stock was issued in connection with financial contributions from the Treasury to Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae.
The conditions attached to the financial contribution made by the Treasury to Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae and the issuance of this senior preferred stock placed significant restrictions on the activities of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae. Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae must obtain the consent of the Treasury to, among other things, (i) make any payment to purchase or redeem its capital stock or pay any dividend other than in respect of the senior preferred stock issued to the Treasury, (ii) issue capital stock of any kind, (iii) terminate the conservatorship of the FHFA except in connection with a receivership, or (iv) increase its debt beyond certain specified levels. In addition, significant restrictions were placed on the maximum size of each of Freddie Macs and Fannie Maes respective portfolios of mortgages and mortgage-backed securities, and the purchase agreements entered into by Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae provide that the maximum size of their portfolios of these assets must decrease by a specified percentage each year. On June 16, 2010, FHFA ordered Fannie Mae and Freddie Macs stock de-listed from the NYSE after the price of common stock in Fannie Mae fell below the NYSE minimum average closing price of $1 for more than 30 days.
The future status and role of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae could be impacted by (among other things) the actions taken and restrictions placed on Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae by the FHFA in its role as conservator, the restrictions placed on Freddie Macs and Fannie Maes operations and activities as a result of the senior preferred stock investment made by the Treasury, market responses to developments at Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae, and future legislative and regulatory action that alters the operations, ownership, structure and/or mission of these institutions, each of which may, in turn, impact the value of, and cash flows on, any mortgage-backed securities guaranteed by Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae, including any such mortgage-backed securities held by the Fund.
A Fund may invest in Treasury inflation-protected securities (TIPS), which are U.S. Government Securities whose principal value is periodically adjusted according to the rate of inflation. The interest rate on TIPS is fixed at issuance,
but over the life of the bond this interest may be paid on an increasing or decreasing principal value that has been adjusted for inflation. Although repayment of the original bond principal upon maturity is guaranteed, the market value of TIPS is not guaranteed, and will fluctuate.
The values of TIPS generally fluctuate in response to changes in real interest rates, which are in turn tied to the relationship between nominal interest rates and the rate of inflation. If inflation were to rise at a faster rate than nominal interest rates, real interest rates might decline, leading to an increase in the value of TIPS. In contrast, if nominal interest rates were to increase at a faster rate than inflation, real interest rates might rise, leading to a decrease in the value of TIPS. If inflation is lower than expected during the period the Fund holds TIPS, the Fund may earn less on the TIPS than on a conventional bond. If interest rates rise due to reasons other than inflation (for example, due to changes in the currency exchange rates), investors in TIPS may not be protected to the extent that the increase is not reflected in the bonds inflation measure. There can be no assurance that the inflation index for TIPS will accurately measure the real rate of inflation in the prices of goods and services.
Any increase in principal value of TIPS caused by an increase in the consumer price index is taxable in the year the increase occurs, even though the Fund holding TIPS will not receive cash representing the increase at that time. As a result, the Fund could be required at times to liquidate other investments, including when it is not advantageous to do so, in order to satisfy its distribution requirements as a regulated investment company.
If the Fund invests in TIPS, it will be required to treat as original issue discount any increase in the principal amount of the securities that occurs during the course of its taxable year. If the Fund purchases such inflation protected securities that are issued in stripped form either as stripped bonds or coupons, it will be treated as if it had purchased a newly issued debt instrument having original issue discount.
Because the Fund is required to distribute substantially all of its net investment income (including accrued original issue discount), the Funds investment in either zero coupon bonds or TIPS may require the Fund to distribute to shareholders an amount greater than the total cash income it actually receives. Accordingly, in order to make the required distributions, the Fund may be required to borrow or liquidate securities.
When-Issued, To-Be-Announced and Delayed Delivery Securities . A Fund may purchase securities on a when-issued, to-be-announced (TBA) or delayed delivery basis and may purchase securities on a forward commitment basis. The purchase price of the securities is typically fixed at the time of the commitment, but delivery and payment can take place a month or more after the date of the commitment. A t the time of delivery of the securities, the value may be more or less than the purchase or sale price. Purchase of securities on a when-issued, TBA, delayed delivery, or forward commitment basis may give rise to investment leverage, and may result in increased volatility of the Funds net asset value. Default by, or bankruptcy of, a counterparty to a when-issued, TBA or delayed delivery transaction would expose the Fund to possible losses because of an adverse market action, expenses or delays in connection with the purchase or sale of the pools specified in such transaction.
Writing and Purchasing Call and Put Options . Each Fund may write (sell) or purchase call and put options on an index as discussed in the Prospectus or any other index in the future. The purpose of the strategy is to generate additional income for the Fund. A Fund may also purchase put and call options on such indices.
Options on indices are similar to options on a security or other instrument (which are described below) except that, rather than settling by physical delivery of the underlying instrument, options on indices settle by cash settlement; that is, an option on an index gives the option holder (purchaser) the right to receive, upon exercise of the option, an amount of cash if the closing level of the index upon which the option is based is greater than, in the case of a call, or is less than, in the case of a put, the strike (exercise) price of the option. This amount of cash is equal to the difference between the closing price of the index and the strike (exercise) price of the option times a specified multiple (multiplier), which determines the total dollar value for each point of such difference. The seller of the option is obligated, in return for the premium received, to make delivery of this amount.
A securities index fluctuates with changes in the market values of the securities included in the index. The gain or loss on an option on an index depends on price movements in the instruments comprising the market, market segment, industry or other composite on which the underlying index is based, rather than price movements in individual
securities, as is the case with respect to options on individual securities. The risks of investment in options on indices may be greater than the risks of investment in options on securities.
For a call option written (sold) by a Fund, the premium, the strike (exercise) price and the market value of the security determine the gain or loss realized by a Fund as the seller of the call option. Thus, if a written (sold) option expires unexercised, the Fund realizes a capital gain equal to the premium received at the time the option was written. A Fund can also repurchase the call option prior to the expiration date, ending its obligation. In this case, the cost of entering into closing purchase transactions will determine the gain or loss realized by the Fund. A Funds purpose in writing call options is to realize greater income than would be realized on portfolio securities transactions alone. However, a Fund may forego the opportunity to profit from an increase in the market price of the underlying security.
The principal factors affecting the market value of a put or a call option include supply and demand, the current price level of the reference index in relation to the strike (exercise) price of the option, the volatility of the reference index, and the time remaining until the expiration date. The Funds iron condors are susceptible to particular risks during periods of extreme market movements or if market conditions diverge from historical patterns.
There can be no assurance that a closing purchase or sale transaction can be consummated when desired. There is no assurance that a liquid secondary market on a domestic or foreign options exchange will exist for any particular exchange-traded option or at any particular time.
Reasons for the absence of a liquid secondary market on an exchange include, but are not limited to, the following: (i) there may be insufficient trading interest in certain options; (ii) restrictions may be imposed by an exchange on opening or closing transactions or both; (iii) trading halts, suspensions or other restrictions may be imposed with respect to particular classes or series of options; (iv) unusual or unforeseen circumstances may interrupt normal operations on an exchange; (v) the facilities of an exchange or the Options Clearing Corporation may not at all times be adequate to handle current trading volume; or (vi) one or more exchanges could, for economic or other reasons, decide or be compelled at some future date to discontinue the trading of options (or a particular class or series of options), in which event the secondary market on that exchange (or in that class or series of options) would cease to exist although outstanding options on that exchange that had been issued by the Options Clearing Corporation as a result of trades on that exchange would continue to be exercisable in accordance with their terms.
There can be no assurance that higher trading activity, order flow or other unforeseen events will not, at times, render certain of the facilities of the Options Clearing Corporation or various exchanges inadequate. Such events have, in the past, resulted in the institution by an exchange of special procedures, such as trading rotations, restrictions on certain types of order or trading halts or suspensions with respect to one or more options. These special procedures may limit liquidity.
Transactions by a Fund in options will be subject to limitations established by each of the exchanges, boards of trade or other trading facilities on which such options are traded governing the maximum number of options in each class which may be written or purchased by a single investor or group of investors acting in concert regardless of whether the options are written or purchased on the same or different exchanges, boards of trade or other trading facilities or are held in one or more accounts or through one or more brokers. Thus, the number of options which a Fund may write or purchase may be affected by options written or purchased by the Adviser on behalf of its other investment advisory clients. An exchange, board of trade or other trading facility may order the liquidation of positions found to be in excess of these limits, and it may impose certain other sanctions.
The writing and purchase of options is a highly specialized activity which involves investment techniques and risks different from those associated with ordinary portfolio securities transactions. The use of options to seek to increase total return involves the risk of loss if the Adviser is incorrect in its expectation of fluctuations in markets. The successful use of options for hedging purposes also depends in part on the ability of the Adviser to accurately anticipate future price fluctuations and the degree of correlation between the options and securities markets. If the Adviser is incorrect in its expectation of changes in securities prices or determination of the correlation between the securities or indices on which options are written (sold) and purchased and the securities in a Funds investment portfolio, the Fund may incur losses that it would not otherwise incur or the investment performance of the Fund will be less favorable than it would have been in the absence of such options transactions. The writing (selling) and purchasing of options could increase a Funds portfolio turnover rate and, therefore, associated costs.
Once an option writer has received an exercise notice, it cannot effect a closing purchase transaction in order to terminate its obligation under the option and must deliver the underlying reference instrument at the strike (exercise) price. If a put or call option purchased by the Fund is not sold when it has remaining value, and if the market price of the underlying security remains equal to or greater than the strike (exercise) price (in the case of a put), or remains less than or equal to the strike (exercise) price (in the case of a call), the Fund will lose the premium it paid for the option. Furthermore, if trading restrictions or suspensions are imposed on options markets, the Fund may be unable to close out a position.
Options in which the Funds invest are usually traded on an exchange or through a central counterparty. The Fund is thus subject to the credit risk of the clearinghouse. Certain derivatives are subject to mandatory exchange trading and/or clearing. Central clearing is intended to reduce counterparty credit risk and is intended to increase liquidity but does not make derivatives transactions risk-free. To the extent that a Fund invests in options that are not traded on an exchange or through a central counterparty, the Adviser will evaluate the creditworthiness and financial responsibility of any counterparty based on factors deemed relevant by the Adviser. However, any such transaction would be subject to risks associated with the particular counterparty, including its creditworthiness.
Interfund Borrowing and Lending. The Funds have obtained an exemptive order from the SEC allowing them to lend money to, and borrow money from, each other pursuant to a master interfund lending agreement (the Interfund Lending Program). Under the Interfund Lending Program, the Funds may lend or borrow money for temporary purposes directly to or from one another (an Interfund Loan), subject to meeting the conditions of the SEC exemptive order. All Interfund Loans would consist only of uninvested cash reserves that the lending Fund otherwise would invest in short-term repurchase agreements or other short-term instruments.
If a Fund has outstanding bank borrowings, any Interfund Loans to the Fund would: (a) be at an interest rate equal to or lower than that of any outstanding bank borrowing, (b) be secured at least on an equal priority basis with at least an equivalent percentage of collateral to loan value as any outstanding bank loan that requires collateral, (c) have a maturity no longer than any outstanding bank loan (and in any event not over seven days), and (d) provide that, if an event of default occurs under any agreement evidencing an outstanding bank loan to the Fund, that event of default by the Fund will automatically (without need for action or notice by the lending Fund) constitute an immediate event of default under the master interfund lending agreement, entitling the lending Fund to call the Interfund Loan immediately (and exercise all rights with respect to any collateral), and that such call will be made if the lending bank exercises its right to call its loan under its agreement with the borrowing Fund.
A Fund may borrow on an unsecured basis through the Interfund Lending Program only if the relevant borrowing Funds outstanding borrowings from all sources immediately after the interfund borrowing total 10% or less of its total assets, provided that if the borrowing Fund has a secured loan outstanding from any other lender, including but not limited to another Fund, the lending Funds Interfund Loan will be secured on at least an equal priority basis with at least an equivalent percentage of collateral to loan value as any outstanding loan that requires collateral. If a borrowing Funds total outstanding borrowings immediately after an Interfund Loan would be greater than 10% of its total assets, the Fund may borrow through the Interfund Lending Program only on a secured basis. A Fund may not borrow under the Interfund Lending Program or from any other source if its total outstanding borrowings immediately after the borrowing would be more than 33 1/3% of its total assets or any lower threshold provided for by the Funds fundamental restriction or nonfundamental policy.
No Fund may lend to another Fund through the Interfund Lending Program if the loan would cause the lending Funds aggregate outstanding loans through the Interfund Lending Program to exceed 15% of its current net assets at the time of the loan. A Funds Interfund Loans to any one Fund shall not exceed 5% of the lending Funds net assets. The duration of Interfund Loans will be limited to the time required to receive payment for securities sold, but in no event more than seven days, and for purposes of this condition, loans effected within seven days of each other will be treated as separate loan transactions. Each Interfund Loan may be called on one business days notice by a lending Fund and may be repaid on any day by a borrowing Fund. The limitations detailed above and the other conditions of the SEC exemptive order permitting interfund borrowing and lending are designed to minimize the risks associated with interfund borrowing and lending for both a lending Fund and a borrowing Fund. However, no borrowing or lending activity is without risk. When a Fund borrows money from another Fund, there is a risk that the Interfund Loan could be called on one business days notice or not renewed, in which case the Fund may have to borrow from a bank at higher rates if an Interfund Loan is not available from another Fund. Interfund Loans are subject to the risk that a
borrowing Fund could be unable to repay the loan when due, and a delay in repayment to a lending Fund or from a borrowing Fund could result in a lost investment opportunity or additional costs. No Fund may borrow more than the amount permitted by its investment limitations. The Interfund Lending Program is subject to the oversight and periodic review of the Board.
Lending Portfolio Securities . A Fund may from time to time lend securities from their portfolios to broker-dealers, banks, financial institutions and institutional borrowers of securities and receive collateral in the form of cash or U.S. government obligations. Under current practices (which are subject to change), a Fund must receive initial collateral at least equal to the maintenance requirements (e.g. 102% for U.S. equity securities and 105% for non-U.S. securities). This collateral must be valued daily and should the market value of the loaned securities increase, the borrower must furnish additional collateral to a Fund sufficient to maintain the value of the collateral equal to at least 100% of the value of the loaned securities. The lending agent receives a pre-negotiated percentage of the net earnings on the investment of the collateral. A Fund will not lend portfolio securities to: (a) any affiliated person (as that term is defined in the 1940 Act) of any Fund; (b) any affiliated person of the Adviser; or (c) any affiliated person of such an affiliated person. During the time portfolio securities are on loan, the borrower will pay a Fund any dividends or interest paid on such securities plus any fee negotiated between the parties to the lending agreement. Loans will be subject to termination by a Fund or the borrower at any time. While a Fund will not have the right to vote securities on loan, they intend to terminate loans and regain the right to vote if that is considered important with respect to the investment. A Fund will enter into loan arrangements only with broker-dealers, banks or other institutions that either the Funds adviser or the lending agent has determined are creditworthy under guidelines established by the Funds Board. Although these loans are fully collateralized, there are risks associated with securities lending. A Funds performance could be hurt if a borrower defaults or becomes insolvent, or if a Fund wishes to sell a security before its return can be arranged. The return on invested cash collateral will result in gains and losses for the Fund. A Fund will limit its securities lending to 33-1/3% of its total assets.
Additional Risk Factors and Special Considerations
New or Smaller Funds. Funds with limited operating history and smaller Funds may involve additional risk. For example, there can be no assurance that a new or smaller Fund will grow to or maintain an economically viable size. Should a Fund not grow to or maintain an economically viable size, the Board of Trustees may determine to liquidate the Fund.
Impact of Large Redemptions and Purchases of Fund Shares. Occasionally, shareholders may make large redemptions or purchases of Fund shares, which may cause the Fund to have to sell securities or invest additional cash. These transactions may adversely affect the Funds performance and increase transaction costs. In addition, large redemption requests may exceed the cash balance of the Fund and result in credit line borrowing fees and/or overdraft charges to the Fund until the sales of portfolio securities necessary to cover the redemption request settle.
Merger, Reorganization or Liquidation of Funds. The Board may determine to merge or reorganize a Fund or a class of shares, or to close and liquidate a Fund or a class of shares at any time, which may have adverse consequences for shareholders. In the event of the liquidation of a Fund, shareholders will receive a liquidating distribution in cash or in-kind equal to their proportionate interest in the Fund. Although the interests of shareholders in each Fund are the principal concern of the Board, in the event the Board determines to liquidate a Fund or a class of shares, the timing of any possible liquidation might not be favorable to certain individual shareholders. A liquidating distribution may be a taxable event to certain shareholders, resulting in a taxable gain or loss for tax purposes, depending upon such shareholders basis in his or her shares of the Fund. A shareholder of a liquidating Fund or a class of shares will not be entitled to any refund or reimbursement of expenses borne, directly or indirectly, by the shareholder (such as sales loads, account fees, or fund expenses), and a shareholder may receive an amount in liquidation less than the shareholders original investment.
Special Risks Related to Cyber Security. The Funds and their service providers have administrative and technical safeguards in place with respect to information security. Nevertheless, the Funds and their service providers are potentially susceptible to operational and information security risks resulting from a cyber-attack as the Funds are highly dependent upon the effective operation of their computer systems and those of their business partners. These risks include, among other things, the theft, misuse, corruption and destruction of data maintained online or digitally, denial of service on websites and other operational disruption and unauthorized release of confidential customer
information. Cyber-attacks affecting the Adviser, Victory Capital Advisers, Inc. (the Distributor,), the Funds, the custodian, the transfer agent, financial intermediaries and other affiliated or third-party service providers may adversely affect the Funds and their shareholders owners. For instance, cyber-attacks may interfere with the processing of Fund transactions, including the processing of orders, impact a Funds ability to calculate net asset values, cause the release and possible destruction of confidential customer or business information, impede trading, subject a Fund and/or its service providers and intermediaries to regulatory fines and financial losses and/or cause reputational damage. Cyber security risks may also affect the issuers of securities in which a Fund invests, which may cause a Funds investments to lose value. A Fund may also incur additional costs for cyber security risk management in the future. Although the Funds and their service providers have adopted security procedures to minimize the risk of a cyber-attack, there can be no assurance that the Funds or their service providers will avoid losses affecting the Funds due to cyber-attacks or information security breaches in the future.
The London Interbank Offer Rate (LIBOR). On July 27, 2017, the Chief Executive of the United Kingdom Financial Conduct Authority, which regulates LIBOR, announced that it intends to stop persuading or compelling banks to submit rates for the calculation of LIBOR to the administrator of LIBOR after 2021. The announcement indicates that the continuation of LIBOR on the current basis cannot and will not be guaranteed after 2021. It is impossible to predict whether and to what extent banks will continue to provide LIBOR submissions to the administrator of LIBOR or whether any additional reforms to LIBOR may be enacted in the United Kingdom or elsewhere. Similarly, it is impossible to predict what rate or rates may become accepted alternatives to LIBOR and it is impossible to predict the effect of any such alternatives on the value of LIBOR-based securities. Uncertainty as to the nature of alternative reference rates and as to potential changes or other reforms to LIBOR may adversely affect the value and/or the trading market for LIBOR-based securities in which a Fund may invest.
DETERMINING NET ASSET VALUE (NAV) AND VALUING PORTFOLIO SECURITIES
Each Funds NAV is determined and the shares of each Fund are priced as of the valuation time(s) indicated in the Prospectuses on each Business Day. A Business Day is a day on which the NYSE is open. A Fund that invests primarily in fixed income securities is authorized to close earlier than is customary for a Business Day upon the recommendation of both the Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association and the Adviser. In the event that such a Fund closes earlier than is customary for a Business Day, the Funds NAV calculation for that day will occur as of the time of the earlier close. The NYSE will not open in observance of the following holidays: New Years Day, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving and Christmas. The Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland is closed on Columbus Day and Veterans Day.
Investment Company Securities
Shares of another open-end investment company (mutual fund) held by a Fund are valued at the latest closing NAV of such mutual fund. Shares of ETFs are valued in the manner described below under Equity Securities.
Fixed Income Securities
Fixed income securities held by the Funds are valued on the basis of security valuations provided by an independent pricing service, approved by the Board, that determines value by using information with respect to transactions of a security, quotations from dealers, market transactions in comparable securities and various relationships between securities. Specific investment securities that are not priced by the approved pricing service will be valued according to quotations obtained from dealers who are market makers in those securities. Investment securities with less than 60 days to maturity when purchased are valued at amortized cost that approximates market value. Investment securities not having readily available market quotations will be priced at fair value using a methodology approved in good faith by the Board.
Equity Securities
Each equity security (including ETFs) held by a Fund is valued at the closing price on the exchange where the security is principally traded. Each security traded in the over-the-counter market (but not including securities the trading activity of which is reported on NASDAQs Automated Confirmation Transaction (ACT) System) is valued at the bid based upon quotes furnished by market makers for such securities. Each security the trading activity of which is
reported on NASDAQs ACT System is valued at the NASDAQ Official Closing Price. Convertible debt securities are valued in the same manner as any debt security. Non-convertible debt securities are valued on the basis of prices provided by independent pricing services. Prices provided by the pricing service may be determined without exclusive reliance on quoted prices and may reflect appropriate factors such as institution-sized trading in similar groups of securities, developments related to special securities, yield, quality, coupon rate, maturity, type of issue, individual trading characteristics, and other market data. Securities for which market quotations are not readily available are valued at fair value as determined in good faith by or under the supervision of the Trusts officers in a manner specially authorized by the Board. Short-term obligations having 60 days or less to maturity are valued on the basis of amortized cost, except for convertible debt securities. For purposes of determining NAV, futures and options contracts generally will be valued 15 minutes after the close of trading of the NYSE.
Generally, trading in foreign securities, corporate bonds, U.S. government securities and money market instruments is substantially completed each day at various times prior to the close of the NYSE. The values of such securities used in computing the NAV of each Funds shares generally are determined at such times. Foreign currency exchange rates are also generally determined prior the close of the NYSE. Occasionally, events affecting the values of such securities and such exchange rates may occur between the times at which such values are determined and the close of the NYSE. If events affecting the value of securities occur during such a period, and a Funds NAV is materially affected by such changes in the value of the securities, then these securities will be valued at their fair value as determined in good faith by or under the supervision of the Board.
Other Valuation Information
Generally, trading in foreign securities, corporate bonds, U.S. government securities and money market instruments is substantially completed each day at various times prior to the close of the NYSE. The values of such securities used in computing the NAV of each Funds shares generally are determined at such times. Foreign currency exchange rates are also generally determined prior the close of the NYSE. Occasionally, events affecting the values of such securities and such exchange rates may occur between the times at which such values are determined and the close of the NYSE. If events affecting the value of securities occur during such a period, and a Funds NAV is materially affected by such changes in the value of the securities, then these securities will be valued at their fair value as determined in good faith by or under the supervision of the Board.
Other securities and assets for which market quotations are not readily available or for which valuation cannot be provided are valued as determined in good faith in accordance with procedures approved by the Board.
Other Performance Comparisons
The Funds will calculate performance in accordance with formulas prescribed by the SEC.
In addition, a Fund may publish the ranking of its performance or the performance of a particular class of Fund shares by Thomson Reuters Lipper, Inc. (Lipper), a widely-recognized independent mutual fund monitoring service. Lipper monitors the performance of regulated investment companies and ranks the performance of the Funds and their classes against all other funds in similar categories, for both equity and fixed income funds. The Lipper performance rankings are based on total return that includes the reinvestment of capital gains distributions and income dividends but does not take sales charges or taxes into consideration.
From time to time a Fund may publish its rating or that of a particular class of Fund shares by Morningstar, Inc., an independent mutual fund monitoring service that rates mutual funds, in broad investment categories (domestic equity, international equity, taxable bond, or municipal bond) monthly, based upon each Funds three, five and ten-year average annual total returns (when available) and a risk adjustment factor that reflects Fund performance relative to three-month U.S. Treasury bill monthly returns. Such returns are adjusted for fees and sales loads. There are five rating categories with a corresponding number of stars: highest (5), above average (4), neutral (3), below average (2) and lowest (1).
The total return on an investment made in a Fund or in a particular class of Fund shares may be compared with the performance for the same period of one or more broad-based securities market indices, as described in the Prospectuses. These indices are unmanaged indices of securities that do not reflect reinvestment of capital gains or
take investment costs into consideration, as these items are not applicable to indices. The Funds total returns also may be compared with the Consumer Price Index, a measure of change in consumer prices, as determined by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
From time to time, the yields and the total returns of the Funds or of a particular class of Fund shares may be quoted in and compared to other mutual funds with similar investment objectives in advertisements, shareholder reports or other communications to shareholders. A Fund also may include calculations in such communications that describe hypothetical investment results. (Such performance examples are based on an express set of assumptions and are not indicative of the performance of any Fund.) Such calculations may from time to time include discussions or illustrations of the effects of compounding in advertisements. Compounding refers to the fact that, if dividends or other distributions on a Funds investment are reinvested by being paid in additional Fund shares, any future income or capital appreciation of a Fund would increase the value, not only of the original Fund investment, but also of the additional Fund shares received through reinvestment. As a result, the value of a Fund investment would increase more quickly than if dividends or other distributions had been paid in cash.
A Fund also may include discussions or illustrations of the potential investment goals of a prospective investor (including but not limited to tax and/or retirement planning), investment management techniques, policies or investment suitability of a Fund, economic conditions, legislative developments (including pending legislation), the effects of inflation and historical performance of various asset classes, including but not limited to stocks, bonds and Treasury bills.
From time to time advertisements or communications to shareholders may summarize the substance of information contained in shareholder reports (including the investment composition of a Fund, as well as the views of the Adviser as to current market, economic, trade and interest rate trends, legislative, regulatory and monetary developments, investment strategies and related matters believed to be of relevance to a Fund). A Fund also may include in advertisements, charts, graphs or drawings that illustrate the potential risks and rewards of investment in various investment vehicles, including but not limited to stock, bonds and Treasury bills, as compared to an investment in shares of a Fund, as well as charts or graphs that illustrate strategies such as dollar cost averaging and comparisons of hypothetical yields of investment in tax-exempt versus taxable investments. In addition, advertisements or shareholder communications may include a discussion of certain attributes or benefits to be derived by an investment in a Fund. Such advertisements or communications may include symbols, headlines or other material that highlight or summarize the information discussed in more detail therein. With proper authorization, a Fund may reprint articles (or excerpts) written regarding a Fund and provide them to prospective shareholders. The Funds performance information is generally available by calling toll free 800-539-FUND (800-539-3863) or at www.VictoryFunds.com.
Investors also may judge, and a Fund may at times advertise, the performance of a Fund or of a particular class of Fund shares by comparing it to the performance of other mutual funds or mutual fund portfolios with comparable investment objectives and policies, which performance may be contained in various unmanaged mutual fund or market indices or rankings. In addition to yield information, general information about a Fund that appears in a publication may also be quoted or reproduced in advertisements or in reports to shareholders.
Advertisements and sales literature may include discussions of specifics of a portfolio managers investment strategy and process, including, but not limited to, descriptions of security selection and analysis. Advertisements may also include descriptive information about the investment adviser, including, but not limited to, its status within the industry, other services and products it makes available, total assets under management and its investment philosophy.
When comparing yield, total return and investment risk of an investment in shares of a Fund with other investments, investors should understand that certain other investments have different risk characteristics than an investment in shares of a Fund. For example, CDs may have fixed rates of return and may be insured as to principal and interest by the FDIC, while a Funds returns will fluctuate and its share values and returns are not guaranteed. Money market accounts offered by banks also may be insured by the FDIC and may offer stability of principal. U.S. Treasury securities are guaranteed as to principal and interest by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government.
ADDITIONAL PURCHASE, EXCHANGE AND REDEMPTION INFORMATION
The NYSE holiday closing schedule indicated in this SAI under Determining Net Asset Value (NAV) and Valuing Portfolio Securities is subject to change. When the NYSE is closed or when trading is restricted for any reason other than its customary weekend or holiday closings, or under emergency circumstances as determined by the SEC to warrant such action, the Funds may not be able to accept purchase or redemption requests. A Funds NAV may be affected to the extent that its securities are traded on days that are not Business Days. Each Fund reserves the right to reject any purchase order in whole or in part.
The Trust has elected, pursuant to Rule 18f-1 under the 1940 Act, to redeem shares of each Fund solely in cash up to the lesser of $250,000 or 1.00% of the NAV of the Fund during any 90-day period for any one shareholder. The remaining portion of the redemption may be made in securities or other property, valued for this purpose as they are valued in computing the NAV of each class of the Fund. Shareholders receiving securities or other property on redemption may realize a gain or loss for tax purposes and may incur additional costs as well as the associated inconveniences of holding and/or disposing of such securities or other property.
Pursuant to Rule 11a-3 under the 1940 Act, the Funds are required to give shareholders at least 60 days notice prior to terminating or modifying a Funds exchange privilege. The 60-day notification requirement may, however, be waived if (1) the only effect of a modification would be to reduce or eliminate an administrative fee, redemption fee, or CDSC ordinarily payable at the time of exchange or (2) a Fund temporarily suspends the offering of shares as permitted under the 1940 Act or by the SEC or because it is unable to invest amounts effectively in accordance with its investment objective and policies.
The Funds reserve the right at any time without prior notice to shareholders to refuse exchange purchases by any person or group if, in the Advisers judgment, a Fund would be unable to invest effectively in accordance with its investment objective and policies, or would otherwise be adversely affected.
Each Fund has authorized one or more brokers or other financial services institutions to accept on its behalf purchase and redemption orders. Such brokers or other financial services institutions are authorized to designate plan administrators and other intermediaries to accept purchase and redemption orders on a Funds behalf. A Fund will be deemed to have received a purchase or redemption order when an authorized broker or other financial services institutions, or, if applicable, a brokers or other financial services institutions authorized designee, accepts the order. Customer orders will be priced at each Funds NAV next computed after they are accepted by an authorized broker or other financial services institutions or the brokers or other financial services institutions authorized designee.
If you hold your Fund shares in an account established with a financial intermediary, contact your financial intermediary in advance of placing a request for an exchange to confirm your ability to exchange with a particular Fund.
Purchasing Shares
Alternative Sales Arrangements Class A and Y Shares . Alternative sales arrangements permit an investor to choose the method of purchasing shares that is more beneficial depending on the amount of the purchase, the length of time the investor expects to hold shares and other relevant circumstances. Any salesperson or other person entitled to receive compensation for selling Fund shares may receive different compensation with respect to one class of shares in comparison to another class of shares. Class A are subject to an initial sales charge. Which class would be advantageous to an investor depends on the number of years the shares will be held. Over very long periods of time, the lower expenses of Class A shares may offset the cost of the Class A initial sales charge. Not all Investment Professionals will offer all classes of shares.
Each class of shares represents interests in the same portfolio investments of a Fund. However, each class has different shareholder privileges and features. The net income attributable to a particular class and the dividends payable on these shares will be reduced by incremental expenses borne solely by that class, including any asset-based sales charge to which these shares may be subject.
Currently, the share classes of some Funds are not currently registered in all 50 states, including Montana, Nebraska and Oklahoma.
No initial sales charges or CDSCs are imposed on Class Y shares. Class Y shares are not subject to the Rule 12b-1 fees described in this SAI under Rule 12b-1 Distribution and Service Plans.
There is no automatic conversion feature applicable to Class Y shares. Distributions paid to holders of a Funds Class Y shares may be reinvested in additional Class Y shares of that Fund or Class Y shares of a different Fund.
The minimum investment required to open an account for Class Y shares is $1,000,000. Class Y shares are available for purchase through selected fee-based advisory programs with an approved financial intermediary. In fee-based advisory programs, a financial intermediary typically charges each investor a fee based upon the value of the account, and the financial intermediary generally directs all purchase and sale transactions. Such transactions may be subject to additional rules or requirements of the applicable financial intermediarys program.
Each Fund reserves the right to change the criteria for eligible investors and the investment minimums. The Fund also reserves the right to refuse a purchase order for any reason, including if it believes that doing so would be in the best interest of the Fund and shareholders.
The methodology for calculating the NAV, dividends and distributions of the share classes of each Fund recognizes two types of expenses. General expenses that do not pertain specifically to a class are allocated to the shares of each class, based upon the percentage that the net assets of such class bears to a Funds total net assets and then pro rata to each outstanding share within a given class. Such general expenses include (1) management fees, (2) legal, bookkeeping and audit fees, (3) printing and mailing costs of shareholder reports, prospectuses, statements of additional information and other materials for current shareholders, (4) fees to the Trustees who are not affiliated with the Adviser, (5) custodian expenses, (6) share issuance costs, (7) organization and start-up costs, (8) interest, taxes and brokerage commissions, and (9) non-recurring expenses, such as litigation costs. Other expenses that are directly attributable to a class are allocated equally to each outstanding share within that class. Such expenses include (1) Rule 12b-1 distribution fees and shareholder servicing fees, (2) incremental transfer and shareholder servicing agent fees and expenses, (3) registration fees, and (4) shareholder meeting expenses, to the extent that such expenses pertain to a specific class rather than to a Fund as a whole.
Dealer Reallowances. The following table shows the amount of the front-end sales load that is reallowed to dealers as a percentage of the offering price of Class A shares of the Funds:
Amount of Purchase |
|
Initial Sales Charge:
|
|
Concession to Dealers:
|
|
Up to $49,999 |
|
2.00 |
% |
1.50 |
% |
$50,000 to $99,999 |
|
1.75 |
% |
1.25 |
% |
$100,000 to $249,999 |
|
1.50 |
% |
1.00 |
% |
$250,000 to $499,999 |
|
1.25 |
% |
0.75 |
% |
$500,000 to $999,999 |
|
1.00 |
% |
0.50 |
% |
$1,000,000 and above* |
|
0.00 |
% |
** |
|
* There is no initial sales charge on purchases of $1 million or more; however a sales concession and/or advance of a Rule 12b-1 fee may be paid and such purchases are potentially subject to a CDSC, as set forth below.
** Investment Professionals may receive payment on purchases of $1 million or more of Class A shares that are sold at NAV as follows: 0.75% of the current purchase amount if cumulative prior purchases sold at NAV plus the current purchase is less than $3 million; 0.50% of the current purchase amount if the cumulative prior purchases sold at NAV plus the current purchase is $3 million to $4,999,999; and 0.25% on of the current purchase amount if the cumulative prior purchases sold at NAV plus the current purchase is $5 million or more. In addition, in connection with such purchases, the Distributor or its affiliates may advance Rule 12b-1 fees of 0.25% of the purchase amount to Investment Professionals for providing services to shareholders.
Except as noted in this SAI, a CDSC of up to 0.75% may be imposed on any such shares redeemed within the first year after purchase. CDSCs are based on the lower of the cost of the shares or NAV at the time of redemption. No CDSC is imposed on reinvested distributions.
The Distributor reserves the right to pay the entire commission to dealers. If that occurs, the dealer may be considered an underwriter under federal securities laws.
Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries. If you purchase the Fund through a financial intermediary (including broker-dealers, banks, third party administrators, retirement plan record-keepers or other financial intermediaries) the Fund may pay for sub-transfer agent, recordkeeping and/or similar administrative services (administrative services) for all classes. Depending upon the particular share class and/or contractual agreement, these payments may be calculated based on average net assets of the Fund that are serviced by the intermediary or on a per account basis. The administrative services may be related to investments by participants in retirement and benefit plans, investors in mutual fund advisory programs, and clients of financial intermediaries that maintain omnibus accounts for their clients. Services provided include but are not limited to the following: transmitting net purchase and redemption orders; maintaining separate records for shareholders that reflect purchases, redemptions and share balances; mailing shareholder confirmations and periodic statements; and furnishing proxy materials and periodic fund reports, prospectuses and other communications to shareholders as required.
In addition, the Adviser (or its affiliates), from its own resources, may make substantial payments to various financial intermediaries for the sale of Fund shares and related services for investments in all classes. The Adviser also may reimburse the Distributor (or the Distributors affiliates) for making these payments. Depending on the particular share class and/or contractual arrangement, these payments may be calculated based on average net assets of the Fund that are serviced by the intermediary or on a per account basis.
These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the financial intermediary and its salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediarys website for more information.
As of December 31, 2019 the adviser to the Predecessor Funds, and its affiliates, had arrangements in place with respect to the Funds with the following intermediaries:
Financial Intermediary |
|
Charles Schwab & co., Inc. |
|
National Financial Services LLC |
|
Reduced Sales Charge . Reduced sales charges are available for purchases of $50,000 or more of Class A shares of a Fund alone or in combination with purchases of Class A shares of other Victory Funds that are series of the Trust (except those Class A share purchases that were not subject to a sales charge). To obtain the reduction of the sales charge, you or your Investment Professional must notify the Funds transfer agent at the time of purchase that a quantity discount is applicable to your purchase. An Investment Professional is an investment consultant, salesperson, financial planner, investment adviser, or trust officer who provides investment information.
In addition to investing at one time in any combination of Class A shares of the Funds in an amount entitling you to a reduced sales charge, you may qualify for a reduction in, or the elimination of, the sales charge under various programs described in the Prospectuses. The following points provide additional information about these programs.
· Retirement Plans. Retirement plans (including Section 401 and 457 Plans sponsored by a Section 501(c)(3) organization and certain non-qualified deferred compensation arrangements that operate in a similar manner to qualified plans) are eligible to buy Class A shares without an initial sales charge.
· Service Providers. Members of certain specialized groups that receive support services from service providers who enter into written agreements with the Trust are eligible, under the terms of the agreement, to purchase Class A shares at NAV without paying a sales load.
· Rights of Accumulation. You may be eligible for reduced sales charges on future purchases of Class A shares of the same Fund after you have reached a new breakpoint. To determine your reduced sales charge, you can add the value of your Class A shares (or those held by your spouse (including life partner) and your children under age 21), determined at the previous days NAV, to the amount of your new purchase, valued at the current offering price. To ensure that the reduced price will be received pursuant to the Funds Rights of Accumulation, you or your Investment Professional must inform the Funds transfer agent that the Rights apply each time shares are purchased and provide the transfer agent with sufficient information to permit confirmation of qualification.
· Letter of Intent. If you anticipate purchasing $50,000 or more of shares of one Fund, or in combination with Class A shares of certain other Funds (excluding Funds that do not impose a sales charge), within a 13-month period, you may obtain shares of the portfolios at the same reduced sales charge as though the total quantity were invested in one lump sum, by filing a non-binding Letter of Intent (the Letter) within 90 days of the start of the purchases. Each investment you make after signing the Letter will be entitled to the sales charge applicable to the total investment indicated in the Letter. For example, a $2,500 purchase toward a $60,000 Letter would receive the same reduced sales charge as if the $60,000 had been invested at one time. To ensure that the reduced price will be received on future purchases, you or your Investment Professional must inform the transfer agent that the Letter is in effect each time shares are purchased. Neither income dividends nor capital gain distributions taken in additional shares will apply toward the completion of the Letter.
You are not obligated to complete the additional purchases contemplated by a Letter. If you do not complete your purchase under the Letter within the 13-month period, your sales charge will be adjusted upward, corresponding to the amount actually purchased and, if after written notice, you do not pay the increased sales charge, sufficient escrowed shares will be redeemed to pay such charge.
If you purchase more than the amount specified in the Letter and qualify for a further sales charge reduction, the sales charge will be adjusted to reflect your total purchase at the end of 13 months. Surplus funds will be applied to the purchase of additional shares at the then current offering price applicable to the total purchase.
· General. For purposes of determining the availability of reduced initial sales charges through letters of intent, rights of accumulation and concurrent purchases, the Distributor, in its discretion, may aggregate certain related accounts.
· Limitations Across Certain Funds. The ability to apply a Letter of Intent or Right of Accumulation to the Funds covered by this SAI in combination with other Victory Funds that are series of the Trust may be limited to the extent these Victory Funds employ different transfer agents. Similar limitations may exist on exchanges between these groups of Victory Funds. Your Investment Professional can provide information on your ability to combine purchases across these groups of Victory Funds under one of these programs to reduce the sales charge applicable to your investments or to exchange between them.
Sample Calculation of Maximum Offering Price.
Each Class A shares of Funds are sold with a maximum initial sales charge of 2.00%. Set forth below is an example of the method of computing the offering price of the Class A shares of the Funds. The example assumes a purchase of Class A shares aggregating less than $50,000 subject to the schedule of sales charges set forth in the Prospectus at a price based upon the NAV of the Class A shares.
Fixed Income Funds |
|
|
|
|
NAV per share |
|
$ |
10.00 |
|
Per Share Sales Charge2.00% of public offering price (2.04% of net asset value per share) for each Fund |
|
$ |
0.20 |
|
Per Share Offering Price to the Public |
|
$ |
10.20 |
|
Redeeming Shares.
Contingent Deferred Sales Charge (CDSC) Class A Shares. No CDSC is imposed on:
· the redemption of shares of any class subject to a CDSC to the extent that the shares redeemed (1) are no longer subject to the holding period for such shares, (2) resulted from reinvestment of distributions, or (3) were exchanged for shares of another Victory fund as allowed by the Prospectus, provided that the shares acquired in such exchange or subsequent exchanges will continue to remain subject to the CDSC, if applicable, until the applicable holding period expires. In determining whether the CDSC applies to each redemption, shares not subject to a CDSC are redeemed first;
· redemptions following the death or post-purchase disability of (1) a registered shareholder on an account; or (2) a settlor of a living trust, of shares held in the account at the time of death or initial determination of post-purchase disability;
· certain distributions from individual retirement accounts, Section 403(b), Section 457 and Section 401 qualified plans, where redemptions result from (1) required minimum distributions with respect to that portion of such contributions that does not exceed 12% annually; (2) tax free returns of excess contributions or returns of excess deferral amounts; (3) distributions on the death or disability of the account holder; (4) distributions for the purpose of a loan or hardship withdrawal from a participant plan balance; or (5) distributions as a result of separation of service;
· distributions resulting as a result of a Qualified Domestic Relations Order or Domestic Relations Order required by a court settlement;
· redemptions of shares by the investor where the investors dealer or institution waived its commission in connection with the purchase and notifies the Distributor prior to the time of investment;
· amounts from a Systematic Withdrawal Plan (including Dividends), of up to an annual amount of 12% of the account value on a per fund basis, at the time the withdrawal plan is established; or
· participant-initiated distributions from employee benefit plans or participant-initiated exchanges among investment choices in employee benefit plans.
Reinstatement Privilege. Within 90 days of a redemption, a shareholder may reinvest all or part of the redemption proceeds of Class A shares in the same class of shares of a Fund or any of the other Funds into which shares of the Fund are exchangeable, as described above, at the NAV next computed after receipt by the transfer agent of the reinvestment order. No service charge is currently made for reinvestment in shares of the Funds. The shareholder must ask the Distributor for such privilege at the time of reinvestment. Any capital gain that was realized when the shares were redeemed is taxable, even if the proceeds are reinvested. Depending on the timing and amount of a potential reinvestment, some or all of a capital loss from redemption may not be deductible. If the redemption proceeds of Fund shares on which a sales charge was paid are reinvested in shares of the same Fund or another Fund offered by the Trust within 90 days of payment of the sales charge, the shareholders basis in the redeemed shares may not include the amount of the sales charge paid. Without the additional basis, the shareholder will have more gain or less loss upon redemption. The Funds may amend, suspend, or cease offering this reinvestment privilege at any time as to shares redeemed after the date of such amendment, suspension, or cessation. The reinstatement must be into an account bearing the same registration.
Redemptions in Kind
Each Fund reserves the right to honor requests for redemption or repurchase orders by making payment in whole or in part in readily marketable securities (redemption in kind) if the amount of such request is large enough to affect operations. For example, if the request is greater than $250,000 or 1% of the Funds assets. The securities will be chosen by the Fund and valued at the Funds NAV. A shareholder may incur transaction expenses in converting these securities to cash.
MANAGEMENT OF THE TRUST
Board Leadership Structure
The Trust is governed by a Board of Trustees consisting of ten Trustees, nine of whom are not interested persons of the Trust within the meaning of that term under the 1940 Act (the Independent Trustees). The Chair of the Board is an Independent Trustee, who functions as the lead Trustee. The Chair serves as liaison between the Board and its Committees, and the Adviser and other service providers. The Chair is actively involved in setting the Board meeting agenda, and participates on certain of the Boards Committees.
Board Role in Risk Oversight
In considering risks related to the Funds, the Board consults and receives reports from officers of the Funds and personnel of the Adviser, who are charged with the day-to-day risk oversight function. Matters regularly reported to the Board or a designated committee include certain risks involving the Funds investment portfolios, trading practices, operational matters, financial and accounting controls, and legal and regulatory compliance. The Board has delegated to the Audit and Risk Oversight Committee overall responsibility for reviewing reports relating to compliance and enterprise risk, including operational risk and personnel. The Board has delegated to the Compliance Committee overall responsibility for reviewing reports related to the Trusts compliance program and the Chief Compliance Officer. The Board relies on the Investment Committee to review reports relating to investment risks, that is, risks to the Funds resulting from pursuing the Funds investment strategies (e.g., credit risk, liquidity risk and market risk).
Trustees and Officers
The following tables list the Trustees and Officers, their ages, position with the Trust, length of time served, principal occupations during the past five years and, where applicable, any directorships of other investment companies or companies whose securities are registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (1934 Act), or who file reports under that Act. Each Trustee oversees 45 portfolios in the Trust, 26 portfolios in Victory Portfolios II, 9 portfolios in Victory Variable Insurance Funds and one portfolio in Victory Institutional Funds, each a registered investment company that, together with the Trust, comprise the Victory Fund Complex. There is no defined term of office and each Trustee serves until the earlier of his or her resignation, retirement, removal, death, or the election of a qualified successor. Each Trustees and Officers address is c/o Victory Funds, 4900 Tiedeman Road, 4th Floor, Brooklyn, OH 44144.
Independent Trustees
Name and Age |
|
Position
|
|
Date
|
|
Principal Occupation
|
|
Other Directorships
|
David Brooks Adcock, 67 |
|
Trustee |
|
May 2005 |
|
Consultant (since 2006). |
|
Chairman, Board of Trustees, Turner Funds (December 2016 -December 2017). |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nigel D.T. Andrews, 71 |
|
Vice Chair and Trustee |
|
August 2002 |
|
Retired. |
|
Director, TCG BDC II, Inc. (since 2017); Director, TCG BDC I, Inc. (formerly Carlyle GMS Finance, Inc.) (since 2012); Director, Old Mutual US Asset |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Management (2002 -2014). |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Lee Beard, 67* |
|
Trustee |
|
May 2005 |
|
Retired (since 2015); Consultant, The Henlee Group, LLC (consulting) (2005 - 2015). |
|
None. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dennis M. Bushe, 75 |
|
Trustee |
|
July 2016 |
|
Retired. |
|
Trustee, RS Investment Trust and RS Variable Products Trust (November 2011-July 2016). |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sally M. Dungan, 64 |
|
Trustee |
|
February 2011 |
|
Chief Investment Officer, Tufts University (since 2002). |
|
None. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
John L. Kelly, 65 |
|
Trustee |
|
February 2015 |
|
Partner, McCarvill Capital Partners (September 2016 - September 2017); Advisor (January 2016 - April 2016) and Managing Partner (August 2014 - January 2016), Endgate Commodities LLC; Chief Operating Officer, Liquidnet Holdings, Inc. (2011 - 2014). |
|
Director, Caledonia Mining Corporation (since May 2012). |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
David L. Meyer, 61* |
|
Trustee |
|
December 2008 |
|
Retired. |
|
None. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gloria S. Nelund, 57 |
|
Trustee |
|
July 2016 |
|
Chair, CEO, and Co-Founder of TriLinc Global, LLC, an investment firm. |
|
TriLinc Global Impact Fund, LLC (since 2012); Trustee, RS Investment Trust and RS Variable Products Trust (November 2007 -July 2016). |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Leigh A. Wilson, 74 |
|
Chair and Trustee |
|
November 1994 |
|
Private Investor. |
|
Chair (since 2013), Caledonia Mining Corporation. |
Interested Trustee
Name and Age |
|
Position
|
|
Date
|
|
Principal Occupation
|
|
Other
|
David C. Brown, 46** |
|
Trustee |
|
May 2008 |
|
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer (since 2013), Co-Chief Executive Officer, (2011 - 2013), Victory Capital Management Inc.; Chairman and Chief Executive Officer (since 2013), Victory Capital Holdings, Inc. |
|
None. |
*The Board has designated Mr. Meyer and Ms. Beard as its Audit Committee Financial Experts.
**Mr. Brown is an Interested Person by reason of his relationship with the Adviser.
Trustee Qualifications
The following summarizes the experience and qualifications of the Trustees.
· David Brooks Adcock. Mr. Adcock served for many years as general counsel to Duke University and Duke University Health System, where he provided oversight to complex business transactions such as mergers and acquisitions and dispositions. He has served for more than 20 years as a public interest arbitrator for, among others, the New York Stock Exchange, the American Stock Exchange, the National Futures Association, FINRA and the American Arbitration Association. The Board believes that Mr. Adcocks knowledge of complex business transactions and the securities industry combined with his previous service on the boards of other mutual funds qualifies him to serve on the Board.
· Nigel D.T. Andrews. Mr. Andrews served for many years as a management consultant for a nationally recognized consulting company and as a senior executive at GE, including Vice President of Corporate Business Development, reporting to the Chairman, and as Executive Vice President of GE Capital. He also served as a Director and member of the Audit and Risk Committee of Old Mutual plc, a large publicly traded company whose shares are traded on the London Stock Exchange. Mr. Andrews also formerly served as the non-executive chairman of Old Mutuals US asset management business, where he also served on the audit and risk committee. Mr. Andrews also served as a Governor of the London Business School. He serves as a director of TCG BDC II, Inc. and TCG BDC I, Inc. (formerly Carlyle GMS Finance, Inc.), each a business development company. The Board believes that his experience in these positions, particularly with respect to oversight of risk and the audit function of public companies, as well as his previous service on the boards of other mutual funds qualifies him to serve as a Trustee.
· E. Lee Beard. Ms. Beard, a certified public accountant, has served as the president, chief executive officer and director, and as a chief financial officer, of public, federally insured, depository institutions. As such, Ms. Beard is familiar with issues relating to audits of financial institutions. The Board believes that Ms. Beards experience as the chief executive officer of a depository institution, her service on the boards of other mutual funds and her knowledge of audit and accounting matters qualifies her to serve as a Trustee.
· David C. Brown. Mr. Brown serves as the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer (since 2013) of the Adviser, and, as such is an interested person of the Trust. Previously, he served as Co-Chief Executive Officer (2011-2013), and President Investments and Operations (2010-2011) and Chief Operating Officer (2004-
2011) of the Adviser. The Board believes that his position and experience with the Adviser and his previous experience in the investment management business qualifies him to serve as a Trustee.
· Dennis M. Bushe. Mr. Bushe has experience in fixed income investment management and research. He is a former chief investment risk officer of a large investment management firm. Mr. Bushe previously served as a Trustee of the boards of the RS Investment Trust and RS Variable Products Trust.
· Sally M. Dungan . Ms. Dungan, a Chartered Financial Analyst, has been in the investment and financial management business for many years. She currently serves as Chief Investment Officer for Tufts University, a position she has held since 2002, and previously served as Director of Pension Fund Management for Siemens Corporation (2000-2002), Deputy Chief Investment Officer and Senior Investment Officer of Public Markets of the Pension Reserves Investment Management Board of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts (1995-2000) and Administrative Manager for Lehman Brothers (1990-1995). Ms. Dungan has served on the boards, including their audit and investment committees, of private institutions and mutual funds. The Board believes Ms. Dungans extensive knowledge of the investment process and financial markets qualifies her to serve as a Trustee.
· John L. Kelly . Mr. Kelly has more than 35 years of experience and leadership roles in the financial services industry including institutional electronic trading, capital markets, corporate and investment banking, retail brokerage, private equity, asset/wealth management, institutional services, mutual funds and related technology enabled services. He previously served as an Independent Trustee of Victory Portfolios, Victory Institutional Funds, and Victory Variable Insurance Funds from 2008 to 2011. The Board believes that this experience qualifies him to serve as a Trustee.
· David L. Meyer. For six years, Mr. Meyer served as chief operating officer, Investment Wealth Management Division of Mercantile Bankshares Corp (now PNC Financial Services Corp.) and has served as an officer or on the board of other mutual funds for many years. The Board believes that his experience, particularly as it related to the operation of registered investment companies, qualifies him to serve as a Trustee.
· Gloria S. Nelund. Ms. Nelund has executive and investment management industry experience, including service as chief executive officer of two investment advisory firms. Ms. Nelund also has experience as a co-founder and chief executive officer of an investment firm. Ms. Nelund previously served as the Chairman and Trustee of the boards of the RS Investment Trust and RS Variable Products Trust.
· Leigh A. Wilson. Mr. Wilson served for many years as Chief Executive Officer of Paribas North America and as such has extensive experience in the financial sector. He serves as an Independent Non-Executive Director and Chairman of the Board of Caledonia Mining Corporation, a Canadian mining company listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange. As a former director of the Mutual Fund Directors Forum (MFDF), he is familiar with the operation and regulation of registered investment companies. He served on a MFDF steering committee created at the request of then-SEC Chairman William Donaldson to recommend best practices to independent mutual fund directors. He received the Small Fund Trustee of the Year award from Institutional Investor Magazine in 2006. The Board believes that this experience and his previous service on the boards of other mutual funds qualifies him to serve as a Trustee.
Committees of the Board
The following standing Committees of the Board are currently in operation: Audit and Risk Oversight, Compliance, Continuing Education, Investment, Service Provider, Board Governance and Nominating, and Agenda. In addition to these standing Committees, the Board may form temporary Special Committees to address particular areas of concern. Committees may form Sub-Committees to address particular areas of concern to that Committee.
· The members of the Audit and Risk Oversight Committee, all of whom are Independent Trustees, are Mr. Meyer (Chair), Mr. Adcock, Ms. Beard, Mr. Kelly and Mr. Wilson. The primary purpose of this Committee is to oversee the Trusts accounting and financial reporting policies, practices and internal controls, as required by the statutes and regulations administered by the SEC, including the 1940 Act. The
Committee also has overall responsibility for reviewing periodic reports with respect to compliance and enterprise risk, including operational risk and personnel. The Board has designated Mr. Meyer and Ms. Beard as its Audit Committee Financial Experts.
· The members of the Compliance Committee are Mr. Adcock (Chair), Ms. Beard, Mr. Kelly and Mr. Meyer. The Compliance Committee oversees matters related to the Funds compliance program and compliance with applicable laws, rules and regulations and meets regularly with the Trusts Chief Compliance Officer.
· The members of the Continuing Education Committee are Mr. Meyer (Chair), Ms. Beard and Ms. Dungan. The function of this Committee is to develop programs to educate the Trustees to enhance their effectiveness as a Board and individually.
· The members of the Investment Committee are Ms. Dungan (Chair), Mr. Andrews, Mr. Bushe, Ms. Nelund and Mr. Wilson. The function of this Committee is to oversee the Funds compliance with investment objectives, policies and restrictions, including those imposed by law or regulation, and assist the Board in its annual review of the Funds investment advisory agreements.
· The members of the Service Provider Committee are Ms. Beard (Chair), Mr. Adcock, Mr. Kelly and Mr. Meyer. This Committee oversees the negotiation of the terms of the written agreements with the Funds service providers, evaluates the quality of periodic reports from the service providers (including reports submitted by sub-service providers) and assists the Board in its review of each Funds service providers, other than the investment adviser and independent auditors.
· The Board Governance and Nominating Committee consists of all of the Independent trustees. Mr. Andrews currently serves as the Chair of this Committee. The functions of this Committee are: to oversee Fund governance, including the nomination and selection of Trustees; to evaluate and recommend to the Board the compensation and expense reimbursement policies applicable to Trustees; and periodically, to coordinate and facilitate an evaluation of the performance of the Board.
The Board Governance and Nominating Committee will consider nominee recommendations from Fund shareholders, in accordance with procedures established by the Committee. A Fund shareholder should submit a nominee recommendation in writing to the attention of the Chair of the Trust, 4900 Tiedeman Road, Brooklyn, Ohio 44144. The Committee (or a designated sub-committee) will screen shareholder recommendations in the same manner as it screens nominations received from other sources, such as current Trustees, management of the Fund or other individuals, including professional recruiters. The Committee need not consider any recommendations when no vacancy on the Board exists, but the Committee will consider any such recommendation if a vacancy occurs within six months after receipt of the recommendation. In administering the shareholder recommendation process, the Chair, in the Chairs sole discretion, may retain the services of counsel to the Trust or to the Independent Trustees, management of the Fund or any third party. The Committee will communicate the results of the evaluation of any shareholder recommendation to the shareholder who made the recommendation.
· The Agenda Committee consists of the Chair of the Board and the Chair of each other Committee.
During the fiscal year ended October 31, 2018, the Board held seven meetings. The Audit and Risk Oversight Committee held six meetings; the Compliance Committee held four meetings; the Investment Committee held four meetings; the Service Provider Committee held four meetings; and the Board Governance and Nominating Committee held four meetings. The Continuing Education Committee met informally during the fiscal year.
Officers of the Trust
The officers of the Trust are elected by the Board to actively supervise the Trusts day-to-day operations. The officers of the Trust, their ages, the length of time served, and their principal occupations during the past five years, are detailed in the following table. Each individual holds the same position with the other registered investment companies in the
Victory Fund Complex, and each officer serves until the earlier of his or her resignation, removal, retirement, death, or the election of a successor. The mailing address of each officer of the Trust is 4900 Tiedeman Road, 4th Floor, Brooklyn OH 44144. The officers of the Trust receive no compensation directly from the Trust for performing the duties of their offices.
Name and Age |
|
Position with
|
|
Date
|
|
Principal Occupation During Past 5 Years |
Christopher K. Dyer*, 57 |
|
President |
|
February 2006* |
|
Director of Mutual Fund Administration, the Adviser. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Scott A. Stahorsky, 49 |
|
Vice President |
|
December 2014 |
|
Manager, Fund Administration, the Adviser (since 2015); Senior Analyst, Fund Administration, the Adviser (prior to 2015). |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Erin G. Wagner, 45 |
|
Secretary |
|
December 2014 |
|
Associate General Counsel, the Adviser (since 2013). |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Allan Shaer, 53 |
|
Treasurer |
|
May 2017 |
|
Senior Vice President, Financial Administration, Citi Fund Services Ohio, Inc. (since 2016); Vice President, Mutual Fund Administration, JP Morgan Chase (2011-2016). |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Christopher Ponte, 35 |
|
Assistant Treasurer |
|
December 2017 |
|
Manager, Fund Administration, the Adviser (since 2017); Senior Analyst, Fund Administration, the Adviser (prior to 2017); Principal Financial Officer, Victory Capital Advisers, Inc. (since 2018). |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Colin Kinney, 45 |
|
Chief Compliance Officer |
|
July 2017 |
|
Chief Compliance Officer (since 2013) and Chief Risk Officer (2009-2017), the Adviser. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Charles Booth, 58 |
|
Anti-Money Laundering Compliance Officer and Identity Theft Officer |
|
May 2015 |
|
Director, Regulatory Administration and CCO Support Services, Citi Fund Services Ohio, Inc. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jay G. Baris, 65 |
|
Assistant Secretary |
|
December 1997 |
|
Partner, Shearman & Sterling LLP (since January 2018); Partner, Morrison & Foerster LLP (2011- January 2018). |
*On December 3, 2014, Mr. Dyer resigned as Secretary of the Trust and accepted the position of President.
Trustees Fund Ownership
The following tables show the dollar ranges of Fund shares (and of shares of all series of the Victory Fund Complex) beneficially owned by the Trustees as of December 31, 2018. Since the Funds had not yet commenced operations as of December 31, 2018, no Trustee owned shares of any of the Funds as of that date. No Independent Trustee (or any
immediate family member) owns beneficially or of record an interest in the Adviser or the Distributor or in any person directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by, or under common control with the Adviser or the Distributor (other than Funds in the Victory Funds Complex). As of December 31, 2018, the Trustees and officers as a group owned beneficially less than 1% of each class of outstanding shares of the series of the Trust.
Independent Trustees
Trustee |
|
Dollar Range of Beneficial Ownership of Fund Shares |
|
Aggregate Dollar Range of Ownership
|
Mr. Adcock |
|
N/A |
|
Over $100,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
Mr. Andrews |
|
N/A |
|
Over $100,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
Ms. Beard |
|
N/A |
|
Over $100,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
Mr. Bushe |
|
N/A |
|
Over $100,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
Ms. Dungan |
|
N/A |
|
Over $100,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
Mr. Kelly |
|
N/A |
|
Over $100,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
Mr. Meyer |
|
N/A |
|
Over $100,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
Ms. Nelund |
|
N/A |
|
$50,001 - $100,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
Mr. Wilson |
|
N/A |
|
Over $100,000 |
Interested Trustee
Trustee |
|
Dollar Range of Beneficial Ownership of Fund Shares |
|
Aggregate Dollar Range of Ownership
|
Mr. Brown |
|
N/A |
|
Over $100,000 |
Trustee Compensation
Effective January 1, 2018, the Victory Fund Complex pays each Independent Trustee $312,000 per year for his or her services to the Complex. Immediately prior to that date, the Victory Fund Complex paid each Independent Trustee $283,000 per year for his or her services to the Complex. In each case, the Board Chair is paid an additional retainer of 50% of the base retainer per year. The Board reserves the right to award reasonable compensation to any Interested Trustee. No interested persons who serve as a Trustee of the Trust receive any compensation for their services as Trustee.
The following tables indicate the compensation received by each Trustee from the Funds covered in this SAI and from the Victory Fund Complex for the last fiscal year ended October 31. As of the last fiscal year ended October 31, there were 72 funds in the Victory Fund Complex for which the Trustees listed below were compensated.
Since the Funds had not yet commenced operations as of December 31, 2018, no compensation was paid by the Funds. The Trust does not maintain a retirement plan for its Trustees.
Independent Trustees
Trustee |
|
Aggregate Compensation from the Funds |
|
Total Compensation from
|
|
||
Mr. Adcock |
|
$ |
0 |
|
$ |
312,000 |
|
Mr. Andrews |
|
$ |
0 |
|
$ |
312,000 |
|
Ms. Beard |
|
$ |
0 |
|
$ |
312,000 |
|
Mr. Bushe |
|
$ |
0 |
|
$ |
312,000 |
|
Ms. Dungan |
|
$ |
0 |
|
$ |
312,000 |
|
Mr. Kelly |
|
$ |
0 |
|
$ |
312,000 |
|
Mr. Meyer |
|
$ |
0 |
|
$ |
312,000 |
|
Ms. Nelund |
|
$ |
0 |
|
$ |
312,000 |
|
Mr. Wilson |
|
$ |
0 |
|
$ |
468,000 |
|
Interested Trustee
Trustee |
|
Aggregate Compensation from the Funds |
|
Total Compensation from
|
|
Mr. Brown |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
*Mr. Brown is an Interested Person by reason of his relationship with Victory Capital Management Inc.
Deferred Compensation
Each Trustee may elect to defer a portion of his or her compensation from the Victory Fund Complex in accordance with a Deferred Compensation Plan adopted by the Board (the Plan). Such amounts are invested in one or more Funds in the Victory Fund Complex offered under the Plan or a money market fund, as selected by the Trustee. The following table includes the deferred compensation of the Trustees currently serving on the Board:
Trustee |
|
Aggregate Compensation from the Funds |
|
Total Compensation from
|
|
||
Mr. Adcock |
|
$ |
N/A |
|
$ |
31,200 |
|
Mr. Andrews |
|
$ |
N/A |
|
$ |
202,800 |
|
Mr. Bushe |
|
$ |
N/A |
|
$ |
312,000 |
|
INVESTMENT ADVISER AND OTHER SERVICE PROVIDERS
Investment Adviser
Victory Capital Management Inc. (the Adviser), a New York corporation registered as an investment adviser with the SEC, serves as investment adviser to the Funds. The Advisers principal business address is 4900 Tiedeman Road, 4th Floor, Brooklyn, Ohio 44144. Subject to the authority of the Board, the Adviser is responsible for the overall management and administration of the Funds business affairs. The Adviser is responsible for selecting each Funds investments according to its investment objective, policies, and restrictions. The Adviser is an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Victory Capital Holdings, Inc. (VCH), a publicly traded Delaware corporation. As of December 31, 2018, the Adviser managed and advised assets totaling in excess of $52.7 billion for numerous clients including large corporate and public retirement plans, Taft-Hartley plans, foundations and endowments, high net worth individuals and mutual funds.
The Adviser is a multi-boutique asset manager comprised of multiple investment teams, referred to as investment franchises, each of which utilizes an independent approach to investing.
The Advisory Agreement
The Adviser serves as the Funds investment adviser pursuant to an advisory agreement dated as of July 29, 2016, as amended (the Advisory Agreement). Unless sooner terminated, the Advisory Agreement between the Adviser and the Trust, on behalf of the Funds, provides that it will continue in effect as to the Funds for two years and for
consecutive one-year terms thereafter, provided that such renewal is approved at least annually by the Trustees or by vote of the majority of the outstanding shares of each such Fund (as defined under Additional InformationMiscellaneous) and, in either case, by a majority of the Trustees who are not parties to the Advisory Agreement or interested persons (as defined in the 1940 Act) of any party to the Advisory Agreement, by votes cast in person at a meeting called for such purpose. The Advisory Agreement is terminable as to any particular Fund at any time on 60 days written notice without penalty by a vote of the majority of the outstanding shares of a Fund, by vote of the Trustees, or as to all applicable Funds by the Adviser. The Advisory Agreement also terminates automatically in the event of any assignment, as defined by the 1940 Act.
The Advisory Agreement provides that the Adviser shall not be liable for any error of judgment or mistake of law or for any loss suffered by the Funds in connection with the performance of the services pursuant thereto, except a loss resulting from a breach of fiduciary duty with respect to the receipt of compensation for services or a loss resulting from willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence on the part of the Adviser in the performance of its duties, or from reckless disregard by the Adviser of its duties and obligations thereunder.
Under the Advisory Agreement, the Adviser may delegate a portion of its responsibilities to a sub-adviser. In addition, the agreements provide that the Adviser may render services through its own employees or the employees of one or more affiliated companies that are qualified to act as an investment adviser of the Fund provided all such persons are functioning as part of an organized group of persons, managed by authorized officers of the Adviser.
The following schedule lists the advisory fee of each Fund, as an annual percentage of its average daily net assets.
Fund |
|
Advisory Fee |
|
Victory Harvest Premium Absolute Fund |
|
0.65 |
% |
Victory Harvest Premium Large Cap Fund |
|
0.55 |
% |
Victory Harvest Premium Bond Fund |
|
0.45 |
% |
Advisory fees paid by the Funds (and the Predecessor Funds) for the fiscal period ended October 31, 2018 to the Predecessor Funds adviser are shown in the table below:
October 31, 2018
Fund* |
|
Advisory Fee** |
|
|
Victory Harvest Premium Absolute Fund |
|
$ |
74,463 |
|
Victory Harvest Premium Large Cap Equity Fund |
|
$ |
3,727 |
|
Victory Harvest Premium Bond Fund |
|
$ |
2,809 |
|
*Commencement of operations (December 19, 2017) through October 31, 2018.
**Total advisory fees waived were: $601,347, $116,153, and $115,345, respectively, for each Predecessor Fund of the Victory Harvest Premium Absolute Fund, Victory Harvest Premium Large Cap Equity Fund and Victory Harvest Premium Bond Fund.
Management Fee Waiver/Expense Reimbursement
The Adviser has contractually agreed to waive its management fee and/or reimburse Fund expenses so that the total annual operating expenses (excluding any acquired fund fees and expenses and certain other items such as interest, taxes, dividend and interest expenses on short sales and brokerage commissions) of a Fund (by share class) do not exceed a certain percentage for a predetermined amount of time. In these instances, the fee and expense table in the Prospectus provides more details about this arrangement and shows the impact it will have on the Funds total annual fund operating expenses. Under its contractual agreement with the Funds, the Adviser is permitted to recoup advisory fees waived and expenses reimbursed for up to three years after the fiscal year in which the waiver or reimbursement
took place, subject to the lesser of any operating expense limits in effect at the time of: (a) the original waiver or expense reimbursement; or (b) the recoupment. This agreement may only be terminated by the Board of Trustees. From time to time, the Adviser may also voluntarily waive its management fee and/or reimburse expenses for a Fund. These voluntary reductions are not reflected in the fee and expense table in the Prospectus.
Manager of Managers Structure
Subject to the review and approval of the Board, and notice to shareholders, the Funds may adopt a manager of managers structure in the future. In a manager of managers structure, the Adviser implements the Funds investment strategies primarily by selecting one or more sub-advisers, rather than relying on its portfolio managers.
To the extent that the Funds rely on a manager of managers structure in the future, the Adviser could enter into one or more sub-advisory agreements without first obtaining shareholder approval when the Adviser and the Board believe that the selection of the subadviser would benefit a Fund and its shareholders. In evaluating a prospective sub-adviser, the Adviser would consider, among other things, the firms experience, investment philosophy and historical performance. The Adviser would remain ultimately responsible for supervising, monitoring and evaluating the performance of any sub-adviser retained to manage a Fund. The Funds have received an order from the SEC enabling them to adopt a manager of managers structure, and they may rely on that order or any amended or superseding order obtained in the future (together, the SEC Order).
To the extent a Fund relies on the SEC Order, the Fund and the Adviser will comply with the relevant restrictions and conditions contained in the SEC Order, which are designed to protect Fund shareholders from potential conflicts of interests, including a requirement that the Fund notify shareholders and provide them with certain information in connection with the retention of any new sub-adviser or a material amendment of any existing sub-adviser agreement.
Portfolio Managers
This section includes information about the Funds portfolio managers, including information concerning other accounts they manage, the dollar range of Fund shares they own and how they are compensated.
Other Accounts
The following table lists the number and types of accounts managed by each individual and assets under management in those accounts as of December 31, 2018.
|
|
Registered Investment
|
|
Pooled Investment Vehicle
|
|
Other Accounts |
|
|
|
||||||||||
|
|
Assets
|
|
Number of
|
|
Assets
|
|
Number of
|
|
Assets
|
|
Number
|
|
Total Assets
|
|
||||
Richard L. Sevala, Jr. |
|
$ |
0 |
|
0 |
|
$ |
0 |
|
0 |
|
$ |
10,601 |
|
1177 |
|
$ |
10,601 |
|
Curtis F. Brockelman, Jr. |
|
$ |
0 |
|
0 |
|
$ |
0 |
|
0 |
|
$ |
10,601 |
|
1177 |
|
$ |
10,601 |
|
Michael Zigmont |
|
$ |
0 |
|
0 |
|
$ |
0 |
|
0 |
|
$ |
10,604 |
|
1183 |
|
$ |
10,604 |
|
Tim Knowles |
|
$ |
0 |
|
0 |
|
$ |
0 |
|
0 |
|
$ |
10,755 |
|
1228 |
|
$ |
10,755 |
|
Fund Ownership
As of the end of the last completed calendar year, the portfolio managers of the Funds owned equity securities of the Funds (when they were the Predecessor Funds) in the amount indicated in the table below.
Portfolio Manager |
|
Fund |
|
Dollar Range of shares
|
Richard L. Sevala, Jr. |
|
Harvest Premium Absolute Fund |
|
Over $1,000,000 |
|
|
Harvest Premium Large Cap Equity Fund |
|
$100,000-$500,000 |
|
|
Harvest Premium Bond Fund |
|
$100,000-$500,000 |
Curtis F. Brockelman, Jr. |
|
Harvest Premium Absolute Fund |
|
$100,000-$500,000 |
|
|
Harvest Premium Large Cap Equity Fund |
|
$100,000-$500,000 |
|
|
Harvest Premium Bond Fund |
|
$100,000-$500,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
Michael Zigmont, CFA |
|
Harvest Premium Absolute Fund |
|
None |
|
|
Harvest Premium Large Cap Equity Fund |
|
None |
|
|
Harvest Premium Bond Fund |
|
None |
|
|
|
|
|
Tim Knowles |
|
Harvest Premium Absolute Fund |
|
None |
|
|
Harvest Premium Bond Fund |
|
None |
|
|
Harvest Premium Large Cap Equity Fund |
|
None |
Compensation
The Adviser has designed the structure of its portfolio managers compensation to (1) align portfolio managers interests with those of the Advisers clients with an emphasis on long-term, risk-adjusted investment performance, (2) help the Adviser attract and retain high-quality investment professionals, and (3) contribute to the Advisers overall financial success. Each of the portfolio managers receives a base salary plus an annual incentive bonus for managing a Fund, separate accounts, other investment companies, other pooled investment vehicles and other accounts (including any accounts for which the Adviser receives a performance fee) (together, Accounts). A portfolio managers base salary is dependent on the managers level of experience and expertise. The Adviser monitors each managers base salary relative to salaries paid for similar positions with peer firms by reviewing data provided by various independent third-party consultants that specialize in competitive salary information. Such data, however, is not considered to be a definitive benchmark.
Each of the Advisers investment franchises may earn incentive compensation based on a percentage of the Advisers revenue attributable to fees paid by Accounts managed by the team. The chief investment officer of each team, in coordination with the Adviser, determines the allocation of the incentive compensation earned by the team among the teams portfolio managers by establishing a target incentive for each portfolio manager based on the managers level of experience and expertise in the managers investment style. Individual performance is based on objectives established annually using performance metrics such as portfolio structure and positioning, research, stock selection, asset growth, client retention, presentation skills, marketing to prospective clients and contribution to the Advisers philosophy and values, such as leadership, risk management and teamwork. The annual incentive bonus also factors in individual investment performance of each portfolio managers portfolio or Fund relative to a selected peer group(s). The overall performance results for a manager are based on the composite performance of all Accounts managed by that manager on a combination of one, three and five year rolling performance periods as compared to the performance information of a peer group of similarly-managed competitors.
The Advisers portfolio managers may participate in the equity ownership plan of the Advisers parent company. There is an ongoing annual equity pool granted to certain employees based on their contribution to the firm. Eligibility for participation in these incentive programs depends on the managers performance and seniority.
Conflicts of Interest
The Advisers portfolio managers are often responsible for managing one or more Funds as well as other accounts, such as separate accounts, and other pooled investment vehicles, such as collective trust funds or unregistered hedge funds. A portfolio manager may manage other accounts which have materially higher fee arrangements than a Fund and may, in the future, manage other accounts which have a performance-based fee. A portfolio manager also may make personal investments in accounts they manage or support. The side-by-side management of the Funds along with other accounts may raise potential conflicts of interest by incenting a portfolio manager to direct a disproportionate amount of: (1) their attention; (2) limited investment opportunities, such as less liquid securities or initial public offering; and/or (3) desirable trade allocations, to such other accounts. In addition, certain trading practices, such as cross-trading between Funds or between a Fund and another account, raise conflict of interest issues. Victory Capital has adopted numerous compliance policies and procedures, including a Code of Ethics, brokerage and trade allocation policies and procedures, which seek to address the conflicts associated with managing multiple accounts for multiple clients. In addition, Victory Capital has a designated Chief Compliance Officer (selected in
accordance with the federal securities laws) and compliance staff whose activities are focused on monitoring the activities of Victory Capital investment franchises and employees in order to detect and address potential and actual conflicts of interest. However, there can be no assurance that Victory Capitals compliance program will achieve its intended result.
Compliance Services
The Trusts Chief Compliance Officer (CCO) is an employee of the Adviser, which pays the compensation of the CCO and his support staff. The Trust has entered into an Agreement to Provide Compliance Services (the Compliance Agreement) with the Adviser, pursuant to which the Adviser furnishes its compliance personnel, including the services of the CCO, and other resources reasonably necessary to provide the Trust with compliance oversight services related to the design, administration and oversight of a compliance program for the Trust in accordance with Rule 38a-1 under the 1940 Act. The Funds in the Victory Funds complex, in the aggregate, compensate the Adviser for these services. The Funds had not yet commenced operations as of the date of this SAI and have not yet paid any fees for compliance services.
Administrator and Fund Accountant
Victory Capital serves as administrator and fund accountant to the Trust pursuant to an agreement dated July 1, 2006, as amended (the Administration and Fund Accounting Agreement). Citi Fund Services Ohio, Inc. (Citi) serves as sub-administrator to the Trust pursuant to an agreement with Victory Capital dated July 1, 2006, as amended (the Sub-Administration and Sub-Fund Accounting Agreement). As administrator, Victory Capital will supervise the Trusts operations, including the services that Citi provides to the Funds as sub-administrator, but excluding those that Victory Capital provides as investment adviser, subject to the supervision of the Board.
Under the Administration and Fund Accounting Agreement, for the administration and fund accounting services that Victory Capital will render to the Funds, the Trust, Victory Portfolios II (VP II) and Victory Variable Insurance Funds (VVIF) pay Victory Capital an annual fee, accrued daily and paid monthly, at the following annual rates based on the aggregate average daily net assets of the Trust, VP II and VVIF: 0.08% of the first $15 billion, plus 0.05% of the next $15 billion, plus 0.04% of aggregate net assets in excess of $30 billion. Victory Capital may periodically waive all or a portion of the amount of its fee that is allocated to any Fund in order to increase the Funds net income available for distribution to shareholders. In addition, the Trust, VP II and VVIF reimburse Victory Capital for all of its reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred as a result of providing the services under the Administration and Fund Accounting Agreement.
Except as otherwise provided in the Administration and Fund Accounting Agreement, Victory Capital pays all expenses that it incurs in performing its services and duties as administrator. Unless sooner terminated, the Administration and Fund Accounting Agreement continues in effect for a period of three years and for consecutive one-year terms thereafter, provided that such continuance is specifically approved by the Board or by vote of a majority of the outstanding shares of each Fund and, in either case, by a majority of the Trustees who are not parties to the Agreement or interested persons (as defined in the 1940 Act) of any party to the Agreement. The Administration and Fund Accounting Agreement provides that Victory Capital shall not be liable for any error of judgment or mistake of law or any loss suffered by the Trust in connection with the matters to which the Agreement relates, except a loss resulting from bad faith, willful misfeasance, negligence or reckless disregard of its obligations and duties under the Agreement.
Under the Administration and Fund Accounting Agreement, Victory Capital will: coordinate the preparation, filing and distribution of amendments to the Trusts registration statement on Form N-1A, supplements to prospectuses and SAIs, and proxy materials in connection with shareholder meetings; draft shareholder communications, including annual and semi-annual reports; administer the Trusts other service provider contracts; monitors compliance with investment restrictions imposed by the 1940 Act, each Funds investment objective, defined investment policies, and restrictions, tax diversification, and distribution and income requirements; coordinate the Funds service arrangements with financial institutions that make the Funds shares available to their customers; assist with regulatory compliance; supply individuals to serve as Trust officers; prepare Board meeting materials; and annually determines whether the services that it provides (or the services that Citi provides as sub-administrator) are adequate and complete.
Victory Capital will also perform fund accounting services for each Fund, excluding those services that Citi performs as sub-fund accountant. The fund accountant calculates each Funds NAV, the dividend and capital gain distribution, if any, and the yield. The fund accountant also provides a current security position report, a summary report of transactions and pending maturities, a current cash position report, and maintains the general ledger accounting records for the Funds. The fees that Citi will receive for sub-administration and sub-fund accounting services are described in the SAI section entitled Sub-Administrator and Sub-Fund Accountant below.
Each Predecessor Fund employed ALPS Fund Services, Inc. (ALPS), located at 1290 Broadway, Suite 1100, Denver, Colorado 80203, under an administration, bookkeeping and pricing services agreement between the Harvest Trust and ALPS, on behalf of the Predecessor Funds, to provide certain administrative and other related services to the Predecessor Funds. Under this agreement, ALPS received the greater of (i) an annual minimum fee per Predecessor Fund or (ii) a basis points fee based on the Harvest Trusts annual net assets. Additionally, ALPS provided Chief Compliance Officer services to the Predecessor Funds under a separate agreement. The cost for the Chief Compliance Officer services was charged to the Predecessor Funds.
Sub-Administrator and Sub-Fund Accountant
Citi serves as sub-administrator and sub-fund accountant to the Funds pursuant to a Sub-Administration and Sub-Fund Accounting Agreement dated July 1, 2006, as amended, by and between Victory Capital and Citi (the Sub-Administration and Sub-Fund Accounting Agreement). Citi will assist in supervising all operations of the Funds (other than those performed by Victory Capital either as investment adviser or administrator), subject to the supervision of the Board.
Under the Sub-Administration and Sub-Fund Accounting Agreement, for the sub-administration services that Citi renders to the Trust, VP II and VVIF, Victory Capital pays Citi an annual fee, computed daily and paid monthly, at the following annual rates: 0.0235% of the first $15 billion of aggregate Trust, VP II and VVIF net assets; plus 0.015% of aggregate net assets of aggregate Trust, VP II and VVIF net assets from in excess of $15 billion to $30 billion; plus 0.01% of aggregate Trust, VP II and VVIF net assets in excess of $30 billion. Citi may periodically waive all or a portion of the amount of its fee that is allocated to any Fund in order to increase the net income of the Funds available for distribution to shareholders. In addition, the Trust, VP II and VVIF reimburse Citi for all of their reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred as a result of providing the services under the Sub-Administration and Sub-Fund Accounting Agreement.
Unless sooner terminated, the Sub-Administration and Sub-Fund Accounting Agreement continues in effect as to each Fund for a period of three years and for consecutive one-year terms thereafter, provided that such continuance is specifically approved by the Board or by vote of a majority of the outstanding shares of each Fund and, in either case, by a majority of the Trustees who are not parties to the Agreement or interested persons (as defined in the 1940 Act) of any party to the Agreement. The Sub-Administration and Sub-Fund Accounting Agreement provides that Citi shall not be liable for any error of judgment or mistake of law or any loss suffered by the Trust in connection with the matters to which the Agreement relates, except a loss resulting from bad faith, willful misfeasance, negligence, or reckless disregard of its obligations and duties under the Agreement.
Under the Sub-Administration and Sub-Fund Accounting Agreement, Citi calculates Trust expenses and makes disbursements; calculates capital gain and distribution information; will register the Funds shares with the states; prepares shareholder reports and reports to the SEC on Forms N-CEN, N-PORT and N-Q; coordinates dividend payments; will calculate the Funds performance information; files the Trusts tax returns; supplies individuals to serve as Trust officers; will monitor the Funds status as regulated investment companies under the Code; assists in developing portfolio compliance procedures; reports to the Board amounts paid under shareholder service agreements;
assists with regulatory compliance; obtains, maintains and files fidelity bonds and Trustees and officers/errors and omissions insurance policies for the Trust; and will assist in the annual audit of the Funds.
Transfer Agent
FIS Investor Services LLC (FIS) located at 4249 Easton Way, Suite 400, Columbus, Ohio 43219, serves as transfer agent for the Funds pursuant to a transfer agency agreement. Under its agreement with the Victory Funds, FIS will (1) issue and redeem shares of the Funds; (2) address and mail all communications by the Funds to their shareholders, including reports to shareholders, dividend and distribution notices and proxy material for its meetings of shareholders; (3) respond to correspondence or inquiries by shareholders and others relating to its duties; (4) maintain shareholder accounts and certain sub-accounts; and (5) make periodic reports to the Board concerning the Funds operations.
Each Predecessor Fund employed ALPS, located at 1290 Broadway, Suite 1100, Denver, Colorado 80203, under a transfer agency and services agreement between the Harvest Trust and ALPS, on behalf of the Predecessor Funds, to provide certain transfer agency and other related services to the Predecessor Funds. Under this agreement, ALPS received the greater of (i) an annual minimum fee per Predecessor Fund or (ii) a basis points fee based on the Harvest Trusts annual net assets. ALPS received additional fees based upon the number of shareholder accounts and was also reimbursed for out-of-pocket expenses.
Custodian
General . Citibank, N.A., (the Custodian), 388 Greenwich St., New York, New York 10013, serves as the custodian of each Funds assets pursuant to a Global Custodial Services Agreement dated August 5, 2008, as amended (the Custody Agreement). The Custodians responsibilities will include safeguarding and controlling each Funds cash and securities, handling the receipt and delivery of securities, and collecting interest and dividends on the Funds investments. Pursuant to the Custody Agreement, the Custodian will also maintain original entry documents and books of record and general ledgers; posts cash receipts and disbursements; and records purchases and sales based upon communications from the Adviser. The Custodian may, with the approval of a Fund and at its own expense, open and maintain a sub-custody account or accounts on behalf of a Fund, provided that it shall remain liable for the performance of all of its duties under its respective custody agreement.
Foreign Custody . Rule 17f-5 under the 1940 Act, which governs the custody of investment company assets outside the United States, allows a mutual funds board of directors to delegate to a Foreign Custody Manager the selection and monitoring of foreign sub-custodian arrangements for the Trusts assets. Accordingly, the Board delegated these responsibilities to the Custodian pursuant to the Custody Agreement. As Foreign Custody Manager, the Custodian must (a) determine that the assets of the Funds held by a foreign sub-custodian will be subject to reasonable care, based on the standards applicable to custodians in the relevant market; (b) determine that the Trusts foreign custody arrangements are governed by written contracts in compliance with Rule 17f-5 (or, in the case of a compulsory depository, by such a contract and/or established practices or procedures); and (c) monitor the appropriateness of these arrangements and any material change in the relevant contract, practices or procedures. In determining appropriateness, the Custodian will not evaluate a particular countrys investment risks, such as (a) the use of compulsory depositories, (b) such countrys financial infrastructure, (c) such countrys prevailing custody and settlement practices, (d) nationalization, expropriation or other governmental actions, (e) regulation of the banking or securities industry, (f) currency controls, restrictions, devaluations or fluctuations, and (g) market conditions that affect the orderly execution of securities transactions or affect the value of securities. The Custodian will provide to the Board quarterly written reports regarding the Trusts foreign custody arrangements.
The Predecessor Funds securities and cash were held pursuant to a custody agreement with UMB Bank, N.A., located at 1010 Grand Avenue, Kansas City, MO 64106. UMB Bank, N.A was responsible for safeguarding the Predecessor Funds cash and securities, receiving and delivering securities and collecting the Predecessor Funds interest and dividends. The custodian was permitted to deposit some or all of its securities in central depository systems as allowed by federal law. For its services, each Predecessor Fund paid the custodian an annual fee and a charge per transaction in addition to reimbursing the custodians out-of-pocket expenses. As part of this arrangement, securities purchased outside the United States would be maintained in accordance with applicable law and regulation and the Funds custody agreement.
Distributor
Victory Capital Advisers, Inc. (the Distributor), located at 4900 Tiedeman Road, 4th Floor, Brooklyn OH 44144, serves as distributor for the continuous offering of the shares of the Funds pursuant to a Distribution Agreement between the Distributor and the Trust dated August 1, 2013, as amended (the Distribution Agreement). The Distributor is an affiliate of the Adviser. Unless otherwise terminated, the Distribution Agreement will remain in effect with respect to each Fund for two years and will continue thereafter for consecutive one-year terms, provided that the renewal is approved at least annually (1) by the Board or by the vote of a majority of the outstanding shares of each Fund, and (2) by the vote of a majority of the Trustees who are not parties to the Distribution Agreement or interested persons of any such party, cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval. The Distribution Agreement will terminate in the event of its assignment, as defined under the 1940 Act.
Shares of each Predecessor Fund were offered on a continuous basis through ALPS Distributors, Inc. (ALPS Distributors), located at 1290 Broadway, Suite 1100, Denver, Colorado 80203, as distributor pursuant to a distribution agreement between ALPS Distributors and the Harvest Trust, on behalf of the Predecessor Funds (ALPS Distribution Agreement). ALPS Distributors was not obligated to sell any specific amount of Predecessor Fund shares.
No underwriting commissions were earned by ALPS Distributors in connection with the sale of Fund shares during the fiscal period ended October 31, 2018.
RULE 12b-1 DISTRIBUTION AND SERVICE PLANS
The Trust has adopted distribution and service plans in accordance with Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act (each a Rule 12b-1 Plan) on behalf of Class A shares of the Funds. Rule 12b-1 provides in substance that a mutual fund may not engage directly or indirectly in financing any activity that is primarily intended to result in the sale of shares of such mutual fund except pursuant to a plan adopted by the fund under the Rule.
Class A Rule 12b-1 Plan . Under the Trusts Class A Rule 12b-1 Plan, Class A shares of each Fund pays the Distributor a distribution and service fee of 0.25%. Under this Rule 12b-1 Plan, the Distributor may use Rule 12b-1 fees for: (a) costs of printing and distributing each such Funds Prospectus, SAI and reports to prospective investors in these Funds; (b) costs involved in preparing, printing and distributing sales literature pertaining to these Funds; (c) an allocation of overhead and other branch office distribution-related expenses of the Distributor; (d) payments to persons who provide support services in connection with the distribution of each such Funds Class A shares, including but not limited to, office space and equipment, telephone facilities, answering routine inquiries regarding the Funds, processing shareholder transactions and providing any other shareholder services not otherwise provided by the Funds transfer agent; (e) accruals for interest on the amount of the foregoing expenses that exceed the distribution fee and the CDSCs received by the Distributor; and (f) any other expense primarily intended to result in the sale of the Funds Class A shares, including, without limitation, payments to salesmen and selling dealers at the time of the sale of such shares, if applicable, and continuing fees to each such salesmen and selling dealers, which fee shall begin to accrue immediately after the sale of such shares.
The Class A Rule 12b-1 Plan specifically recognizes that either the Adviser or the Distributor, directly or through an affiliate, may use its fee revenue, past profits, or other resources, without limitation, to pay promotional and administrative expenses in connection with the offer and sale of Class A shares of the Funds. In addition, this Rule 12b-1 Plan provides that the Adviser and the Distributor may use their respective resources, including fee revenues, to make payments to third parties that provide assistance in selling these Funds Class A shares, or to third parties, including banks, that render shareholder support services.
Rule 12b-1 Plan . The amount of the Rule 12b-1 fees payable by Class A shares of a Fund under the Rule 12b-1 Plan is considered compensation and is not related directly to expenses incurred by the Distributor and the Plan does not obligate a Fund to reimburse the Distributor for such expenses. The fees set forth under any Rule 12b-1 Plan will be paid by Class A shares of a Fund to the Distributor unless and until the Plan is terminated or not renewed with respect to such Funds share class; any distribution or service expenses incurred by the Distributor on behalf of the Funds in excess of payments of the distribution fees specified above that the Distributor has accrued through the termination date are the sole responsibility and liability of the Distributor and not an obligation of any such Fund.
The Rule 12b-1 Plan is expected to be approved by the Board, including the Independent Trustees, at a meeting called for that purpose. As required by Rule 12b-1, the Board will carefully consider all pertinent factors relating to the implementation of the Plans prior to their approval and will determine that there is a reasonable likelihood that the Plan will benefit the Funds and shareholders. Additionally, certain support services covered under the Plan may be provided more effectively under the Plan by local entities with whom shareholders have other relationships or by the shareholders broker.
The following table reflects the payment of Rule 12b-1 fees to the Funds distributor pursuant to the plan of distribution adopted with respect to the Class A shares of the Funds (including the Investor Class shares of the Predecessor Funds) pursuant to Rule 12b-1 during the most recent fiscal period ended October 31:
Class A
|
|
Fiscal Year Ending
|
|
|
Victory Harvest Premium Absolute Fund |
|
$ |
211 |
|
Victory Harvest Premium Large Cap Equity Fund |
|
$ |
259 |
|
Victory Harvest Premium Bond Fund |
|
$ |
246 |
|
* Commencement of operations (December 19, 2017) through October 31, 2018. Investor Class of the Predecessor Funds were reorganized into Class A shares of the corresponding Funds.
Line of Credit . The funds in the Victory Funds Complex participate in a short-term, demand note line of credit agreement with the Custodian. Under the current agreement with the Custodian, the Funds in the Victory Funds Complex may borrow up to $250 million, of which $100 million is committed and $150 million is uncommitted. Of this amount, $40 million of the line of credit is reserved for use by the Victory Floating Rate Fund, another series of the Trust, with that Fund paying the related commitment fees for that amount. The purpose of the agreement is to meet temporary or emergency cash needs, including redemption requests that might otherwise require the untimely disposition of securities. The Custodian receives an annual commitment fee of 0.15%. Each Fund in the Victory Funds Complex pays a pro-rata portion of this commitment fee plus any interest on amounts borrowed.
Securities Lending
The Trust has entered into a Master Securities Lending Agreement (MSLA) with Citibank, N.A. (Citibank) whereby Citibank serves as the Funds lending agent and facilitates the Funds lending program. Under the terms of the MSLA, each Fund may lend securities to certain broker-dealers and banks in exchange for collateral in the amount at least equal to the maintenance requirements (e.g. 102% of the value of U.S. equity securities loaned or 105% of the value of non-U.S. securities loaned), marked to market daily. The collateral can be received in the form of cash collateral and/or non-cash collateral. Non-cash collateral can include U.S. Government Securities, letters of credit and certificates of deposit. The Funds earn interest or dividends on the securities loaned and may also earn a return from the collateral.
The Funds pay various fees in connection with the investment of cash collateral. The Funds pay Citibank fees based on the investment income received from securities lending activities. In its role as securities lending agent, Citibank (i) arranges and administers the loan of securities when establishing a loan and the return of securities upon termination of a loan, (ii) collects from borrowers cash, securities or other instruments to serve as collateral for the loans, (iii) monitors the value of securities on loan and the value of the corresponding collateral, (iv) communicates to each borrower the minimum amount of collateral required for each loan and collects additional collateral as required on a daily basis to maintain such minimum, (v) collects or arranges for the collection of any interest, dividends or other
distributions related to loaned securities, and (vi) performs other necessary services related to the establishment and maintenance of the Funds securities lending program.
The Funds had not yet commenced operations as of the date of this SAI and have not yet commenced lending activities under the MSLA.
Code of Ethics
Each of the Trust, the Adviser and the Distributor has adopted a Code of Ethics in accordance with Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act. The Adviser Code of Ethics applies to all Access Personnel (the Advisers directors and officers and employees with investment advisory duties) and all Supervised Personnel (all of the Advisers directors, officers and employees). Each Code of Ethics provides that Access Personnel must refrain from certain trading practices. Each Code also requires all Access Personnel (and, in the Adviser Code, all Supervised Personnel) to report certain personal investment activities, including, but not limited to, purchases or sales of securities that may be purchased or held by the Funds. Violations of any Code of Ethics can result in penalties, suspension, or termination of employment.
Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures
In accordance with the 1940 Act, the Trust has adopted policies and procedures for voting proxies related to equity securities that the Funds hold (the Proxy Voting Policy). The Trusts Proxy Voting Policy is designed to: (1) ensure that proxies are voted in the best interests of shareholders of the Funds with a view toward maximizing the value of their investments; (2) address conflicts of interests between these shareholders, on the one hand, and affiliates of the Fund, the Adviser or the Distributor, on the other, that may arise regarding the voting of proxies; and (3) provide for the disclosure of the Funds proxy voting records and the Proxy Voting Policy. The Proxy Voting Policy delegates to the Adviser the obligation to vote the Funds proxies in the best interests of the Funds and their shareholders, subject to oversight by the Board.
To assist the Adviser in making proxy-voting decisions, the Adviser has adopted a Proxy Voting Policy (Policy) that establishes voting guidelines (Proxy Voting Guidelines) with respect to certain recurring issues. The Policy is reviewed on an annual basis by the Advisers Proxy Committee (Proxy Committee) and revised when the Committee determines that a change is appropriate. The Board annually reviews the Trusts Proxy Voting Policy and the Advisers Policy and determines whether amendments are necessary or advisable.
Voting under the Advisers Policy may be executed through administrative screening per established guidelines with oversight by the Proxy Committee or upon vote by a quorum of the Proxy Committee. The Adviser delegates to Institutional Shareholder Services (ISS), an independent service provider, the non-discretionary administration of proxy voting for the Trust, subject to oversight by the Advisers Proxy Committee. In no circumstances shall ISS have the authority to vote proxies except in accordance with standing or specific instructions given to it by the Adviser.
The Adviser votes proxies in the best interests of the Funds and their shareholders. This entails voting client proxies with the objective of increasing the long-term economic value of Fund assets. The Advisers Proxy Committee determines how proxies are voted by following established guidelines, which are intended to assist in voting proxies and are not considered rigid rules. The Proxy Committee is directed to apply the guidelines as appropriate. On occasion, however, a contrary vote may be warranted when such action is in the best interests of the Funds or if required by the Board or the Funds Proxy Voting Policy. In such cases, the Adviser may consider, among other things:
· the effect of the proposal on the underlying value of the securities
· the effect on marketability of the securities
· the effect of the proposal on future prospects of the issuer
· the composition and effectiveness of the issuers board of directors
· the issuers corporate governance practices
· the quality of communications from the issuer to its shareholders
The following examples illustrate the Advisers policy with respect to some common proxy votes. This summary is not an exhaustive list of all the issues that may arise or of all matters addressed in the Guidelines, and whether the Adviser supports or opposes a proposal will depend upon the specific facts and circumstances described in the proxy statement and other available information.
Directors
· The Adviser generally supports the election of directors in uncontested elections, except when there are issues of accountability, responsiveness, composition, and/or independence.
· The Adviser generally supports proposals for an independent chair taking into account factors such as the current board leadership structure, the companys governance practices, and company performance.
· The Adviser generally supports proxy access proposals that are in line with the market standards regarding the ownership threshold, ownership duration, aggregation provisions, cap on nominees, and do not contain any other unreasonably restrictive guidelines.
· The Adviser reviews contested elections on a case-by-case basis taking into account such factors as the company performance, particularly the long-term performance relative to the industry; the management track record; the nominee qualifications and compensatory arrangements; the strategic plan of the dissident and its critique of the current management; the likelihood that the proposed goals and objectives can be achieved; the ownership stakes of the relevant parties; and any other context that is particular to the company and the nature of the election.
Capitalization & Restructuring
· The Adviser generally supports capitalization proposals that facilitate a corporate transaction that is also being supported and for general corporate purposes so long as the increase is not excessive and there are no issues of superior voting rights, company performance, previous abuses of capital, or insufficient justification for the need for additional capital.
Mergers and Acquisitions
· The Adviser reviews mergers and acquisitions on a case-by-case basis to balance the merits and drawbacks of the transaction and factors such as valuation, strategic rationale, negotiations and process, conflicts of interest, and the governance profile of the company post-transaction.
Compensation
· The Adviser reviews all compensation proposals for pay-for-performance alignment, with emphasis on long-term shareholder value; arrangements that risk pay for failure; independence in the setting of compensation; inappropriate pay to non-executive directors, and the quality and rationale of the compensation disclosure.
· The Adviser will generally vote FOR advisory votes on executive compensation (say on pay) unless there is a pay-for-performance misalignment; problematic pay practice or non-performance based element; incentive for excessive risk-taking, options backdating; or a lack of compensation committee communication and/or responsiveness to shareholder concerns.
· The Adviser will vote case-by-case on equity based compensation plans taking into account factors such as the plan cost; the plan features; and the grant practices as well as any overriding factors that may have a significant negative impact on shareholder interests.
Social and Environmental Issues
· The Adviser will vote case-by-case on topics such as consumer and product safety; environment and energy; labor standards and human rights; workplace and board diversity; and corporate and political issues, taking into account factors such as the implementation of the proposal is likely to enhance or protect shareholder value; whether the company has already responded in an appropriate and sufficient manner to the issue raised; whether the request is unduly burdensome; and whether the issue is more appropriately or effectively handled through legislation or other regulations.
The Adviser may also take into account independent third-party, general industry guidance or other corporate governance review sources when making decisions. It may additionally seek guidance from other senior internal sources with special expertise on a given topic where it is appropriate. The investment teams opinion concerning the management and prospects of the issuer may be taken into account in determining whether a vote for or against a proposal is in a Funds best interests. Insufficient information, onerous requests or vague, ambiguous wording may indicate that a vote against a proposal is appropriate, even when the general principal appears to be reasonable.
Occasionally, conflicts of interest arise between the Advisers interests and those of a Fund or another client. When this occurs, the Proxy Committee must document the nature of the conflict and vote the proxy in accordance with the Proxy Voting Guidelines unless such guidelines are judged by the Proxy Committee to be inapplicable to the proxy matter at issue. In the event that the Proxy Voting Guidelines are inapplicable or do not mitigate the conflict, the Adviser will seek the opinion of the Advisers Chief Compliance Officer or consult with an external independent adviser. In the case of a Proxy Committee member having a personal conflict of interest (e.g. a family member is on the board of the issuer), such member will abstain from voting. Finally, the Adviser reports to the Board annually any proxy votes that took place involving a conflict, including the nature of the conflict and the basis or rationale for the voting decision made.
The Funds Proxy Voting Policy provides that the Funds, in accordance with SEC rules, annually will disclose on Form N-PX the Funds proxy voting record. Information regarding how the Funds voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the most recent 12-month period ended June 30th is updated each year by August 31st and is available without charge, upon request, by calling toll free 800 539-FUND (800 539 3863) or by accessing the SECs website at www.sec.gov.
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND BROKERAGE
Subject to the general supervision of the Board, the Adviser is responsible for making decisions with respect to the purchase and sale of portfolio securities on behalf of the Funds. The Adviser is also responsible for the implementation of those decisions, including the selection of broker/dealers to effect portfolio transactions, the negotiation of commissions, and the allocation of principal business and portfolio brokerage.
Transactions on stock exchanges involve the payment of brokerage commissions. In transactions on stock exchanges in the United States, these commissions are negotiated. Traditionally, commission rates have generally been fixed for trades on stock markets outside the United States. In recent years, however, an increasing number of overseas stock markets have adopted a system of negotiated rates. It is expected that equity securities will ordinarily be purchased in the primary markets, whether over-the-counter or listed, and that listed securities may be purchased in the over-the-counter market if such market is deemed the primary market. In the case of securities traded on the over-the-counter markets, there is generally no stated commission, but the price usually includes an undisclosed commission or markup. In underwritten offerings, the price includes a disclosed, fixed commission (the underwriters concession) or discount.
Fixed income and convertible securities are bought and sold through broker-dealers acting on a principal basis. These trades are not charged a commission, but rather are marked up or marked down by the executing broker-dealer. The Adviser does not know the actual value of the markup/markdown. However, the Adviser attempts to ascertain whether the overall price of a security is reasonable through the use of competitive bids. Orders to buy or sell convertible
securities and fixed income securities are placed on a competitive basis with a reasonable attempt made to obtain three competitive bids or offers. Exceptions are: (1) where the bid/ask spread is 5 basis points or less, provided the order is actually filled at the bid or better for sales and at the ask or better for purchases; (2) securities for which there are only one or two market makers; (3) block purchases considered relatively large; (4) swaps, a simultaneous sale of one security and purchase of another in substantially equal amounts for the same account, intended to take advantage of an aberration in a spread relationship, realize losses, etc.; and (5) purchases and/or sales of fixed income securities for which, typically, more than one offering of the same issue is unobtainable; subject to a judgment by the trader that the bid is competitive.
It is the policy of the Adviser to obtain the best execution of its clients securities transactions. The Adviser strives to execute each clients securities transactions in such a manner that the clients total costs or proceeds in each transaction are the most favorable under the circumstances. Commission rates paid on securities transactions for client accounts must reflect comparative market rates.
In purchasing and selling each Funds portfolio securities, it is the Advisers policy to obtain quality execution at the most favorable prices through responsible broker/dealers and, in the case of agency transactions, at competitive commission rates where such rates are negotiable. In selecting broker/dealers to execute a Funds portfolio transactions, consideration is given to such factors as the price of the security, the rate of the commission, the size and difficulty of the order, the reliability, integrity, financial condition, general execution and operational capabilities of competing brokers and dealers, their expertise in particular markets and the brokerage and research services they provide to the Adviser or the Funds. It is not the Advisers practice to seek the lowest available commission rate where it is believed that a broker or dealer charging a higher commission rate would offer greater reliability or provide better price or execution.
As permitted by Section 28(e) of the 1934 Act, the Adviser may cause a Fund to pay broker-dealers that provide brokerage and research services a commission rate that exceeds the amount other broker/dealers would have charged for the transaction if the Adviser determines in good faith that the greater commission is reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research services provided by the executing broker/dealer viewed in terms of either a particular transaction or the Advisers overall responsibilities to the Fund or to its other clients. The term brokerage and research services includes advice as to the value of securities, the advisability of investing in, purchasing, or selling securities, and the availability of securities or of purchasers or sellers of securities; furnishing analyses and reports concerning issuers, industries, securities, economic factors and trends, portfolio strategy and the performance of accounts; and effecting securities transactions and performing functions incidental thereto such as clearance and settlement.
The brokerage and research services are in addition to and do not replace the services and research that the Adviser is required to perform and do not reduce the investment advisory fees payable to the Adviser by the Funds. Such information may be useful to the Adviser in serving both the Funds and other clients and, conversely, such supplemental research information obtained by the placement of orders on behalf of other clients may be useful to the Adviser in carrying out its obligations to the Funds.
Brokerage commissions may never be used to compensate a third party for client referrals unless the client has directed such an arrangement. In addition, brokerage commissions may never be used to obtain research and/or services for the benefit of any employee or non-client entity.
The Adviser will make a good faith determination that the commissions paid are reasonable in relationship to the value of the services received and continually reviews the quality of execution it receives from and the commission rates charged by the brokers it uses to carry out trades for its clients. The Adviser will consider the full range and quality of a brokers services in placing brokerage including, but not limited to, the value of research provided, execution capability, commission rate, willingness and ability to commit capital and responsiveness. The lowest possible commission cost alone does not determine broker selection. The transaction that represents the best quality execution for a client account will be executed. Commission ranges and the actual commission paid for trades of listed stocks and over-the-counter stocks may vary depending on, but not limited to, the liquidity and volatility of the stock and services provided to the Adviser by the broker.
Some brokers executing trades for the Advisers clients may, from time to time, receive liquidity rebates in connection with the routing of trades to Electronic Communications Networks. Since the Adviser is not a broker, however, it is ineligible to receive such rebates and does not obtain direct benefits for its clients from this broker practice.
Investment decisions for each Fund are made independently from those made for the other Funds or any other investment company or account managed by the Adviser. Such other investment companies or accounts may also invest in the same securities and may follow similar investment strategies as the Funds. The Adviser may combine transaction orders (bunching or blocking trades) for more than one client account where such action appears to be equitable and potentially advantageous for each account ( e.g. , for the purpose of reducing brokerage commissions or obtaining a more favorable transaction price.) The Adviser will aggregate transaction orders only if it believes that the aggregation is consistent with its duty to seek best execution for its clients and is consistent with the terms of investment advisory agreements with each client for whom trades are being aggregated. Both equity and fixed-income securities may be aggregated. When making such a combination of transaction orders for a new issue or secondary market trade in an equity security, the Adviser adheres to the following objectives:
· Fairness to clients both in the participation of execution of orders for their account, and in the allocation of orders for the accounts of more than one client.
· Allocation of all orders in a timely and efficient manner.
In some cases, aggregating trades may affect the price paid or received by a Fund or the size of the position obtained by the Fund in an adverse manner relative to the result that would have been obtained if only that particular Fund had participated in or been allocated such trades.
The aggregation of transactions for advisory accounts and proprietary accounts (including partnerships and other accounts in which the Adviser or its associated persons are partners or participants, and managed employee accounts) is permissible. No proprietary account may be favored over any other participating account and such practice must be consistent with the Advisers Code of Ethics.
Equity trade orders are executed based only on trade instructions received from portfolio managers by the trading desk. Portfolio managers may enter trades to meet the full target allocation immediately or may meet the allocation through moves in incremental blocks. Orders are processed on a first-come, first-served basis. At times, a rotation system may determine first-come, first-served treatment when the equity trading desk receives the same order for multiple accounts simultaneously. The Adviser will utilize a rotation whereby the Funds, even if aggregated with other orders, are in the first block(s) to trade within the rotation. To aggregate orders, the equity trading desk must determine that all accounts in the order will benefit. Any new trade that can be blocked with an existing open order may be added to the open order to form a larger block. The Adviser receives no additional compensation or remuneration of any kind as a result of the aggregation of trades. All accounts participating in a block execution receive the same execution price, an average share price, for securities purchased or sold on a trading day. Execution prices may not be carried overnight. Any portion of an order that remains unfilled at the end of a given day shall be rewritten (absent contrary instructions) on the following day as a new order. Accounts with trades executed the next day will receive a new daily average price to be determined at the end of the following day.
Where the full amount of a block execution is not executed, the partial amount actually executed will be allocated on a pro rata basis whenever possible. The following execution methods maybe used in place of a pro rata procedure: relative size allocations, security position weighting, priority for specialized accounts, or a special allocation based on compliance approval.
After the proper allocation has been completed, excess shares must be sold in the secondary market, and may not be reallocated to another managed account.
In making investment decisions for the Funds, the Adviser will not inquire or take into consideration whether an issuer of securities proposed for purchase or sale by a Fund is a customer of the Adviser, its parents, subsidiaries or affiliates, and, in dealing with their commercial customers, the Adviser, its parents, subsidiaries and affiliates will not inquire or take into consideration whether securities of such customers are held by the Funds. Portfolio securities will not be purchased from or sold to the Adviser, or the Distributor, or any affiliated person of any of them acting as principal, except to the extent permitted by rule or order of the SEC.
The table below provides the dollar amount of brokerage commissions paid by each Fund (including the Predecessor Funds) for the fiscal period ended October 31, 2018, all of which were paid to entities that are not affiliated with the Funds, the Predecessor Funds, the Adviser or Distributor:
|
|
Fiscal year ended
|
|
|
Victory Harvest Premium Absolute Fund |
|
$ |
27,649 |
|
Victory Harvest Premium Large Cap Equity Fund |
|
$ |
535 |
|
Victory Harvest Premium Bond Fund |
|
$ |
594 |
|
* Commencement of operations (December 19, 2017) through October 31, 2018
Affiliated Brokerage. The Board has authorized the allocation of brokerage to affiliated broker-dealers on an agency basis to effect portfolio transactions. The Board has adopted procedures incorporating the standards of Rule 17e-1 under the 1940 Act, which require that the commission paid to affiliated broker-dealers must be reasonable and fair compared to the commission, fee or other remuneration received, or to be received, by other broker-dealers in connection with comparable transactions involving similar securities during a comparable period of time.
The Trust will not acquire portfolio securities issued by, make savings deposits in, or enter into repurchase or reverse repurchase agreements with the Adviser or its affiliates. From time to time, when determined by the Adviser to be advantageous to the Funds, the Adviser may execute portfolio transactions through affiliated broker-dealers. All such transactions must be completed in accordance with procedures approved by the Board. The percentage of trades executed through an affiliated broker-dealer for a Fund may be higher relative to trades executed by unaffiliated dealers, so long as the trades executed by the affiliated broker-dealer are consistent with best execution.
No payments were made to any affiliated brokers of the Predecessor Funds by any Predecessor Fund during the last three fiscal years.
Allocation of Brokerage in Connection with Research Services . During the most recent fiscal year ended October 31, the Adviser (including the adviser to the Predecessor Funds), through agreements or understandings with brokers, or otherwise through an internal allocation procedure, directed the brokerage transactions of certain Predecessor Funds to brokers because of research services provided. The following table provides the amounts of such brokerage commissions paid by the Funds (including the Predecessor Funds) to brokers who provided research services or other services to the Adviser or distributor and the total dollar amounts of the transactions pursuant to which such brokerage commissions were paid. These amounts represent transactions effected with, and related commissions paid to, brokers that provide third party research services. They do not include transactions and commissions involving brokers that provide proprietary research.
Allocation of Brokerage in Connection with Research Services. During the last fiscal period ended October 31, the Predecessor Funds adviser did not direct, the brokerage transactions of the Predecessor Funds to brokers because of research services provided.
S ecurities of Regular Brokers or Dealers. The SEC requires the Trust to provide certain information for those Funds that held securities of their regular brokers or dealers (or their parents) during the Trusts most recent fiscal year. The Predecessor Funds did not hold any securities of their regular broker-dealers as of the most recent fiscal period ended October 31.
Portfolio Turnover
Each Fund may sell a portfolio investment soon after its acquisition if the Adviser believes that such a disposition is consistent with attaining the investment objective of the Fund. The Funds portfolio turnover rates stated in the Prospectus are calculated by dividing the lesser of each Funds purchases or sales of portfolio securities for the year by the monthly average value of the portfolio securities. The calculation excludes all securities whose maturities, at the time of acquisition, were one year or less. Portfolio turnover is calculated on the basis of a Fund as a whole without distinguishing between the classes of shares issued.
The turnover rate for a Fund will vary from year-to-year and depending on market conditions, turnover could be greater in periods of unusual market movement and volatility. A high rate of portfolio turnover (over 100%) will generally involve correspondingly greater transaction costs, which must be borne directly by the Fund and ultimately by its shareholders. High portfolio turnover may result in the realization of substantial net capital gains. To the extent short-term capital gains are realized, distributions attributable to such gains will be ordinary income for federal income tax purposes.
The following table shows the portfolio turnover rates for each Fund (and its Predecessor Fund) as of the most recent fiscal period ended October 31:
Fund |
|
2018* |
|
Victory Harvest Premium Absolute Fund |
|
72 |
% |
Victory Harvest Premium Bond Fund |
|
0 |
% |
Victory Harvest Premium Large Cap Equity Fund |
|
0 |
% |
* Commencement of operations (December 19, 2017) through October 31, 2018
DIVIDENDS, CAPITAL GAINS AND DISTRIBUTIONS
The Funds distribute substantially all of their net investment income and net capital gains, if any, to shareholders within each calendar year as well as on a fiscal year basis to the extent required for the Funds to qualify for favorable federal tax treatment. The Funds ordinarily declare and pay dividends separately for each class of shares, from their net investment income. Each Fund declares and pays capital gains annually.
Each Fund anticipates distributing substantially all of its net capital gain for each tax year. These distributions are generally made only once a year, usually in November or December, for Harvest Edge Equity Fund and quarterly for Harvest Edge Absolute Fund and Harvest Edge Bond Fund, but a Fund may make additional distributions of net capital gain at any time during the year. These distributions to you generally would be characterized as long-term capital gain, regardless of how long you have held shares. These distributions do not qualify for the dividends-received deduction.
The amount of a classs distributions may vary from time to time depending on market conditions, the composition of a Funds portfolio and expenses borne by a Fund or borne separately by a class. Dividends are calculated in the same manner, at the same time and on the same day for shares of each class. However, dividends attributable to a particular class will differ due to differences in distribution expenses and other class-specific expenses.
For this purpose, the net income of a Fund, from the time of the immediately preceding determination thereof, shall consist of all interest income accrued on the portfolio assets of the Fund, dividend income, if any, income from securities loans, if any and realized capital gains and losses on the Funds assets, less all expenses and liabilities of the Fund chargeable against income. Interest income shall include discount earned, including both original issue and market discount, on discount paper accrued ratably to the date of maturity. Expenses, including the compensation payable to the Adviser, are accrued each day. The expenses and liabilities of a Fund shall include those appropriately allocable to the Fund as well as a share of the general expenses and liabilities of the Trust in proportion to the Funds share of the total net assets of the Trust.
TAXES
Information set forth in the Prospectuses that relates to federal income taxation is only a summary of certain key federal income tax considerations generally affecting purchasers of shares of the Funds. The following is only a summary of certain additional income and excise tax considerations generally affecting each Fund and its shareholders that are not described in the Prospectuses. No attempt has been made to present a complete explanation of the federal tax treatment of the Funds or the implications to shareholders and the discussions here and in each Funds Prospectus are not intended as substitutes for careful tax planning. Accordingly, potential purchasers of shares of the Funds are urged to consult their tax advisers with specific reference to their own tax circumstances. Special tax considerations may apply to certain types of investors subject to special treatment under the Code (including, for example, insurance
companies, banks and tax-exempt organizations). In addition, the tax discussion in the Prospectuses and this SAI is based on tax law in effect on the date of the Prospectuses and this SAI; such laws and regulations may be changed by legislative, judicial, or administrative action, sometimes with retroactive effect.
Qualification as a Regulated Investment Company
Each Fund intends to qualify as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Code. As a regulated investment company, a Fund is not subject to federal income tax on the portion of its net investment income ( i.e. , taxable interest, dividends and other taxable ordinary income, net of expenses) and net capital gain ( i.e. , the excess of long-term capital gains over short-term capital losses) that it distributes to shareholders, provided that it distributes at least the sum of 90% of its investment company taxable income ( i.e. , net investment income and the excess of net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital loss) and 90% of its tax-exempt income (net of expenses allocable thereto) for the taxable year (the Distribution Requirement) and satisfies certain other requirements of the Code that are described below. Distributions by a Fund made during the taxable year or, under specified circumstances, within twelve months after the close of the taxable year, will be considered distributions of income and gains for the taxable year and will therefore count toward satisfaction of the Distribution Requirement.
Under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code), to qualify as a regulated investment company, a Fund must meet certain diversification requirements (among other requirements) as determined at the close of each quarter of each taxable year. For instance, no more than 25% of a Funds assets can be invested, including through corporations in which the fund owns 20% or more voting stock interest, in the securities of any one issuer other than U.S. Government securities and securities of other regulated investment companies, of two or more issuers which the regulated investment company controls and which are engaged in the same, similar, or related trades or businesses, or of one or more publicly traded partnerships. In addition, at least 50% of the market value of the Funds assets must be represented by cash or cash items, U.S. government securities, securities of other regulated investment companies, and other securities limited in respect of any one issuer to a value not greater than 5% of the value of the Funds total assets and to not more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer.
If a Fund has a net capital loss ( i.e. , an excess of capital losses over capital gains) for any year beginning on or before December 22, 2010, the amount thereof may be carried forward up to eight years and treated as a short-term capital loss that can be used to offset capital gains in such future years. There is no limitation on the number of years to which net capital losses arising in years beginning after December 22, 2010, may be carried. Any such net capital losses are utilized before net capital losses arising in years beginning on or before December 22, 2010. As explained below, however, such carryforwards may be subject to limitations on availability. Under Code Sections 382 and 383, if a Fund has an ownership change, then the Funds use of its capital loss carryforwards in any year following the ownership change will be limited to an amount equal to the NAV of the Fund immediately prior to the ownership change multiplied by the long-term tax-exempt rate (which is published monthly by the IRS) in effect for the month in which the ownership change occurs. The Funds will use their best efforts to avoid having an ownership change with respect to any Fund that has capital loss carryforwards. However, because of circumstances that may be beyond the control or knowledge of a Fund, there can be no assurance that such a Fund will not have, or has not already had, an ownership change. If a Fund has or has had an ownership change, then the Fund will be subject to federal income taxes on any capital gain net income for any year following the ownership change in excess of the annual limitation on the capital loss carryforwards unless distributed by the Fund. Any distributions of such capital gain net income will be taxable to shareholders as described under Fund Distributions below.
The following table summarizes the approximate capital loss carryforwards for the applicable Funds, as of October 31, 2018. The capital loss carryover amounts for each Fund (including its Predecessor Fund) shown include amounts that may expire in the year 2018 or later.
Fund |
|
Approximate Capital Loss
|
|
Approximate Capital Loss
|
|
||
Victory Harvest Premium Absolute Fund |
|
$ |
82,667 |
|
$ |
125,649 |
|
Victory Harvest Premium Bond Fund |
|
$ |
9,988 |
|
$ |
14,966 |
|
Victory Harvest Premium Large Cap Equity Fund |
|
$ |
3,466 |
|
$ |
5,117 |
|
*The amount of these losses that may be utilized are limited as a result of a Fund ownership change.
In addition to satisfying the Distribution Requirement, a regulated investment company must derive at least 90% of its gross income from dividends, interest, certain payments with respect to securities loans, gains from the sale or other disposition of stock or securities or foreign currencies (to the extent such currency gains are directly related to the regulated investment companys principal business of investing in stock or securities), other income (including but not limited to gains from options, futures, or forward contracts) derived with respect to its business of investing in such stock, securities, or currencies and net income from interests in qualified publicly traded partnerships (the Income Requirement).
In general, gain or loss recognized by a Fund on the disposition of an asset will be a capital gain or loss. In addition, gain will be recognized as a result of certain constructive sales, including short sales against the box. However, gain recognized on the disposition of a debt obligation (including municipal obligations) purchased by a Fund at a market discount (generally, at a price less than its principal amount) will be treated as ordinary income to the extent of the portion of the market discount that accrued while the Fund held the debt obligation. In addition, under the rules of Code Section 988, gain or loss recognized on the disposition of a debt obligation denominated in a foreign currency or an option with respect thereto, and gain or loss recognized on the disposition of a foreign currency forward contract, futures contract, option or similar financial instrument, or of foreign currency itself, except for regulated futures contracts or non-equity options subject to Code Section 1256 (unless a Fund elects otherwise), generally will be treated as ordinary income or loss to the extent attributable to changes in foreign currency exchange rates.
Further, the Code also treats as ordinary income a portion of the capital gain attributable to a transaction where substantially all of the expected return is attributable to the time value of a Funds net investment in the transaction and: (1) the transaction consists of the acquisition of property by the Fund and a contemporaneous contract to sell substantially identical property in the future; (2) the transaction is a straddle within the meaning of Section 1092 of the Code; (3) the transaction is one that was marketed or sold to the Fund on the basis that it would have the economic characteristics of a loan but the interest-like return would be taxed as capital gain; or (4) the transaction is described as a conversion transaction in the Treasury Regulations. The amount of such gain that is treated as ordinary income generally will not exceed the amount of the interest that would have accrued on the net investment for the relevant period at a yield equal to 120% of the applicable federal rate, reduced by the sum of: (1) prior inclusions of ordinary income items from the conversion transaction and (2) the capitalized interest on acquisition indebtedness under Code Section 263(g), among other amounts. However, if a Fund has a built-in loss with respect to a position that becomes a part of a conversion transaction, the character of such loss will be preserved upon a subsequent disposition or termination of the position. No authority exists that indicates that the character of the income treated as ordinary under this rule will not pass through to the Funds shareholders.
In general, for purposes of determining whether capital gain or loss recognized by a Fund on the disposition of an asset is long-term or short-term, the holding period of the asset may be affected (as applicable, depending on the type of the Fund involved) if (1) the asset is used to close a short sale (which includes for certain purposes the acquisition of a put option) or is substantially identical to another asset so used, (2) the asset is otherwise held by the Fund as part of a straddle (which term generally excludes a situation where the asset is stock and Fund grants a qualified covered call option (which, among other things, must not be deep-in-the-money) with respect thereto), or (3) the asset is stock and the Fund grants an in-the-money qualified covered call option with respect thereto. In addition, a Fund may be
required to defer the recognition of a loss on the disposition of an asset held as part of a straddle to the extent of any unrecognized gain on the offsetting position.
Income from options on individual securities written by a Fund will not be recognized by the Fund for tax purposes until an option is exercised or lapses. Any gain recognized by a Fund on the lapse of, or any gain or loss recognized by a Fund from a closing transaction with respect to, an option written by the Fund will be treated as a short-term capital gain or loss. If the Fund enters into a closing transaction, the difference between the premiums received and the amount paid by the Fund to close out its position will generally be treated as short-term capital gain or loss. If an option written by the Fund is exercised, thereby requiring the Fund to sell the underlying security, the premium will increase the amount realized upon the sale of the security, and the character of any gain on such sale of the underlying security as short-term or long-term capital gain will depend on the holding period of the Fund in the underlying security. Because the Fund will not have control over the exercise of the options it writes, such exercises or other required sales of the underlying securities may cause the Fund to realize gains or losses at inopportune times.
A regulated investment company, in determining its investment company taxable income and net capital gain (i.e., the excess of net long-term capital gain over net short-term capital loss) for any taxable year, may elect (unless it has made a taxable year election for excise tax purposes as discussed below, in which case different rules apply) to treat all or any part of certain net capital losses incurred after October 31 of a taxable year, and certain net ordinary losses incurred after October 31 or December 31 of a taxable year, as if they had been incurred in the succeeding taxable year.
In addition to satisfying the Income and Distribution Requirements described above, a Fund must satisfy an asset diversification test in order to qualify as a regulated investment company. Under this test, at the close of each quarter of a Funds taxable year, at least 50% of the value of the Funds assets must consist of cash and cash items, U.S. government securities, securities of other regulated investment companies and securities of other issuers (provided that, with respect to each issuer, the Fund has not invested more than 5% of the value of the Funds total assets in securities of each such issuer and the Fund does not hold more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of each such issuer), and no more than 25% of the value of its total assets may be invested in the securities of any one issuer (other than U.S. government securities and securities of other regulated investment companies), two or more issuers that the Fund controls and that are engaged in the same or similar trades or businesses (other than securities of other regulated investment companies), or the securities of one or more qualified publicly traded partnerships. Generally, an option (call or put) with respect to a security is treated as issued by the issuer of the security, not the issuer of the option. For purposes of asset diversification testing, obligations issued or guaranteed by certain agencies or instrumentalities of the U.S. government, such as the Federal Agricultural Mortgage Corporation, the Federal Farm Credit System Financial Assistance Corporation, FHLB, FHLMC, FNMA, GNMA and SLMA, are treated as U.S. government securities.
Certain Funds may invest in futures contracts, options on futures contracts, ETFs and other similar investment vehicles that provide exposure to commodities such as gold or other precious metals, energy or other commodities. Income or gain, if any, from such investments may not be qualifying income for purposes of the Income Requirements and a Funds investments in such instruments may not be treated as an investment in a security for purposes of the asset diversification test.
If for any taxable year a Fund does not qualify as a regulated investment company after taking into account cure provisions available for certain failures to so qualify (certain of which would result in the imposition of a tax on the Fund), all of its taxable income (including its net capital gain) will be subject to tax at regular corporate rates without any deduction for distributions to shareholders and such distributions will be taxable to the shareholders as dividends to the extent of the Funds current and accumulated earnings and profits. Such distributions may be eligible for: (i) the dividends-received deduction, in the case of corporate shareholders; or (ii) treatment as qualified dividend income, in the case of non-corporate shareholders. In addition, to qualify again to be taxed as a regulated investment company in a subsequent year, the Fund would be required to distribute to shareholders its earnings and profits attributable to non-qualifying years. Further, if the Fund failed to qualify for a period greater than two taxable years, then, in order to qualify as a regulated investment company in a subsequent year, the Fund would be required to elect to recognize and pay tax on any net built-in gain (the excess of aggregate gain, including items of income, over aggregate loss that would have been realized if the Fund had been liquidated) or, alternatively, be subject to taxation on such built-in gain recognized for a period of ten years.
Excise Tax on Regulated Investment Companies
A 4% non-deductible excise tax is imposed on a regulated investment company that fails to distribute in each calendar year an amount equal to 98% of its ordinary taxable income for the calendar year and 98.2% of its capital gain net income for the one-year period ended on October 31 of such calendar year (or, with respect to capital gain net income, at the election of a regulated investment company having a taxable year ending November 30 or December 31, for its taxable year (a taxable year election)). Tax-exempt interest on municipal obligations is not subject to the excise tax. The balance of such income must be distributed during the next calendar year. For the foregoing purposes, a regulated investment company is treated as having distributed any amount on which it is subject to income tax for any taxable year ending in such calendar year and, if it so elects, the amount on which qualified estimated tax payments are made by it during such calendar year (in which case the amount it is treated as having distributed in the following calendar year will be reduced).
For purposes of calculating the excise tax, a regulated investment company: (1) reduces its capital gain net income (but not below its net capital gain) by the amount of any net ordinary loss for the calendar year, (2) excludes specified gains and losses, including foreign currency gains and losses and ordinary gains or losses arising as a result of a PFIC (as defined below) mark-to-market election (or upon the actual disposition of the PFIC stock subject to such election) incurred after October 31 of any year (or after the end of its taxable year if it has made a taxable year election) in determining the amount of ordinary taxable income for the current calendar year (and, instead, includes such specified gains and losses in determining the companys ordinary taxable income for the succeeding calendar year); and (3) applies mark to market provisions which treat property as disposed of on the last day of a taxable year as if the taxable year ended on October 31 (or on the last day of its taxable year if it has made a taxable year election). In addition, a regulated investment company may elect to determine its ordinary income for the calendar year without regard to any net ordinary loss (determined without respect to specified gains and losses taken into account in clause (2) of the preceding sentence) attributable to the portion of the calendar year which is after the beginning of the taxable year which begins in such calendar year. Any amount of net ordinary loss not taken into account for a calendar year by reason of the preceding sentence will be treated as arising on the first day of the following calendar year.
Each Fund intends to make sufficient distributions or deemed distributions of its ordinary taxable income and capital gain net income prior to the end of each calendar year to avoid liability for the excise tax. However, investors should note that a Fund may in certain circumstances be required to liquidate portfolio investments to make sufficient distributions to avoid excise tax liability.
Fund Investments
Certain transactions that may be engaged in by a Fund (such as regulated futures contracts, certain foreign currency contracts and options on stock indexes and futures contracts) will be subject to special tax treatment as Section 1256 Contracts. Section 1256 Contracts are treated as if they are sold for their fair market value on the last business day of the taxable year, even though a taxpayers obligations (or rights) under such Section 1256 Contracts have not terminated (by delivery, exercise, entering into a closing transaction, or otherwise) as of such date. Any gain or loss recognized as a consequence of the year-end deemed disposition of Section 1256 Contracts is taken into account for the taxable year together with any other gain or loss that was recognized previously upon the termination of Section 1256 Contracts during that taxable year. Any capital gain or loss for the taxable year with respect to Section 1256 Contracts (including any capital gain or loss arising as a consequence of the year-end deemed sale of such Section 1256 Contracts) generally is treated as 60% long-term capital gain or loss and 40% short-term capital gain or loss. A Fund, however, may elect not to have this special tax treatment apply to Section 1256 Contracts that are part of a mixed straddle with other investments of the Fund that are not Section 1256 Contracts.
A Fund may enter into notional principal contracts, including interest rate swaps, caps, floors and collars. Treasury Regulations provide, in general, that the net income or net deduction from a notional principal contract for a taxable year is included in or deducted from gross income for that taxable year. The net income or deduction from a notional principal contract for a taxable year equals the total of all of the periodic payments (generally, payments that are payable or receivable at fixed periodic intervals of one year or less during the entire term of the contract) that are recognized from that contract for the taxable year, all of the non-periodic payments (including premiums for caps, floors and collars) that are recognized from that contract for the taxable year and any termination payments that are
recognized from that contract for the taxable year. No portion of a payment by a party to a notional principal contract is recognized prior to the first year to which any portion of a payment by the counterparty relates. A periodic payment is recognized ratably over the period to which it relates. In general, a non-periodic payment must be recognized over the term of the notional principal contract in a manner that reflects the economic substance of the contract. A non-periodic payment that relates to an interest rate swap, cap, floor, or collar is recognized over the term of the contract by allocating it in accordance with the values of a series of cash-settled forward or option contracts that reflect the specified index and notional principal amount upon which the notional principal contract is based (or under an alternative method provided in Treasury Regulations). A termination payment is recognized in the year the notional principal contract is extinguished, assigned, or terminated (i.e., in the year the termination payment is made).
A Fund may purchase securities of certain foreign investment funds or trusts that constitute passive foreign investment companies (PFICs) for federal income tax purposes. If a Fund invests in a PFIC, it has three separate options. First, it may elect to treat the PFIC as a qualified electing fund (a QEF), in which event the Fund will each year have ordinary income equal to its pro rata share of the PFICs ordinary earnings for the year and long-term capital gain equal to its pro rata share of the PFICs net capital gain for the year, regardless of whether the Fund receives distributions of any such ordinary earnings or capital gains from the PFIC. In order to make this election with respect to a PFIC in which it invests, a Fund must obtain certain information from the PFIC on an annual basis, which the PFIC may be unwilling or unable to provide. Furthermore, under proposed Treasury regulations, a Funds income inclusion from a PFIC for which it has made a QEF election would not be considered qualifying income for purposes of the gross income test for qualification as a regulated investment company except to the extent the PFIC distributes such income to the Fund in the same taxable year. Second, a Fund that invests in marketable stock of a PFIC may make a mark-to-market election with respect to such stock. Pursuant to such election, the Fund will include as ordinary income any excess of the fair market value of such stock at the close of any taxable year over the Funds adjusted tax basis in the stock. If the adjusted tax basis of the PFIC stock exceeds the fair market value of the stock at the end of a given taxable year, such excess will be deductible as ordinary loss in an amount equal to the lesser of the amount of such excess or the net mark-to-market gains on the stock that the Fund included in income in previous years. Solely for purposes of Code Sections 1291 through 1298, the Funds holding period with respect to its PFIC stock subject to the election will commence on the first day of the first taxable year beginning after the last taxable year for which the mark-to-market election applied. If the Fund makes the mark-to-market election in the first taxable year it holds PFIC stock, it will not incur the tax described below under the third option.
Finally, if a Fund does not elect to treat the PFIC as a QEF and does not make a mark-to-market election, then, in general, (1) any gain recognized by the Fund upon the sale or other disposition of its interest in the PFIC or any excess distribution received by the Fund from the PFIC will be allocated ratably over the Funds holding period of its interest in the PFIC stock, (2) the portion of such gain or excess distribution so allocated to the year in which the gain is recognized or the excess distribution is received shall be included in the Funds gross income for such year as ordinary income (and the distribution of such portion by the Fund to shareholders will be taxable as a dividend, but such portion will not be subject to tax at the Fund level), (3) the Fund shall be liable for tax on the portions of such gain or excess distribution so allocated to prior years in an amount equal to, for each such prior year, (i) the amount of gain or excess distribution allocated to such prior year multiplied by the highest corporate tax rate in effect for such prior year, plus (ii) interest on the amount determined under clause (i) for the period from the due date for filing a return for such prior year until the date for filing a return for the year in which the gain is recognized or the excess distribution is received, at the rates and methods applicable to underpayments of tax for such period, and (4) the distribution by the Fund to its shareholders of the portions of such gain or excess distribution so allocated to prior years (net of the tax payable by the Fund thereon) will be taxable to the shareholders as a dividend.
Some of the debt securities (with a fixed maturity date of more than one year from the date of issuance) that may be acquired by the Fund may be treated as debt securities that are issued originally at a discount. Generally, the amount of the original issue discount (OID) is treated as interest income and is included in income over the term of the debt security, even though payment of that amount is not received until a later time, usually when the debt security matures. A portion of the OID includable in income with respect to certain high-yield corporate debt securities (including certain pay-in-kind securities) may be treated as a dividend for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
Some of the debt securities (with a fixed maturity date of more than one year from the date of issuance) that may be acquired by the Fund in the secondary market may be treated as having market discount. Generally, any gain recognized on the disposition of, and any partial payment of principal on, a debt security having market discount is
treated as ordinary income to the extent the gain, or principal payment, does not exceed the accrued market discount on such debt security. Market discount generally accrues in equal daily installments. The Fund may make one or more of the elections applicable to debt securities having market discount, which could affect the character and timing of recognition of income.
Some debt securities (with a fixed maturity date of one year or less from the date of issuance) that may be acquired by the Fund may be treated as having acquisition discount, or OID in the case of certain types of debt securities. Generally, the Fund will be required to include the acquisition discount, or OID, in income over the term of the debt security, even though payment of that amount is not received until a later time, usually when the debt security matures. The Fund may make one or more of the elections applicable to debt securities having acquisition discount, or OID, which could affect the character and timing of recognition of income.
A Fund that holds the foregoing kinds of securities may be required to pay out as an income distribution each year an amount, which is greater than the total amount of cash interest the Fund actually received. Such distributions may be made from the cash assets of the Fund or by liquidation of portfolio securities, if necessary (including when it is not advantageous to do so). The Fund may realize gains or losses from such liquidations. In the event the Fund realizes net capital gains from such transactions, its shareholders may receive a larger capital gain distribution, if any, than they would in the absence of such transactions.
Gain or loss on the sale of securities by the Fund will generally be long-term capital gain or loss if the securities have been held by the Fund for more than one year. Gain or loss on the sale of securities held for one year or less will be short-term capital gain or loss.
The Fund may invest in preferred securities or other securities the federal income tax treatment of which may not be clear or may be subject to recharacterization by the IRS. To the extent the tax treatment of such securities or the income from such securities differs from the tax treatment expected by the Fund, it could affect the timing or character of income recognized by the Fund, potentially requiring the Fund to purchase or sell securities, or otherwise change its portfolio, in order to comply with the tax rules applicable to regulated investment companies under the Code.
The Fund may invest a portion of its net assets in below investment grade securities. Investments in these types of securities may present special tax issues for the Fund. Federal income tax rules are not entirely clear about issues such as when the Fund may cease to accrue interest, original issue discount or market discount, when and to what extent deductions may be taken for bad debts or worthless securities, how payments received on obligations in default should be allocated between principal and interest and whether modifications or exchanges of debt obligations in a bankruptcy or workout context are taxable. These and other issues could affect the Funds ability to distribute sufficient income to preserve its status as a regulated investment company or to avoid the imposition of U.S. federal income or excise tax.
Fund Distributions
Each Fund anticipates distributing substantially all of its investment company taxable income for each taxable year. Such distributions will be treated as dividends for federal income tax purposes and may be taxable to non-corporate shareholders as long-term capital gains (a qualified dividend), provided that certain requirements, as discussed below, are met. Dividends received by corporate shareholders and dividends that do not constitute qualified dividends are taxable as ordinary income. The portion of dividends received from a Fund that are qualified dividends generally will be determined on a look-through basis. If the aggregate qualified dividends received by the Fund are less than 95% of the Funds gross income (as specially computed), the portion of dividends received from the Fund that constitute qualified dividends will be reported by the Fund and cannot exceed the ratio that the qualified dividends received by the Fund bears to its gross income. If the aggregate qualified dividends received by the Fund equal at least 95% of its gross income, then all of the dividends received from the Fund will constitute qualified dividends.
No dividend will constitute a qualified dividend (1) if it has been paid with respect to any share of stock that the Fund has held for less than 61 days (91 days in the case of certain preferred stock) during the 121-day period (181-day period in the case of certain preferred stock) beginning on the date that is 60 days (90 days in the case of certain preferred stock) before the date on which such share becomes ex-dividend with respect to such dividend, excluding for this purpose, under the rules of Code Section 246(c), any period during which the Fund has an option to sell, is
under a contractual obligation to sell, has made and not closed a short sale of, is the grantor of a deep-in-the-money or otherwise nonqualified option to buy, or has otherwise diminished its risk of loss by holding other positions with respect to, such (or substantially identical) stock; (2) if the noncorporate shareholder fails to meet the holding period requirements set forth in (1) with respect to its shares in the Fund to which the dividend is attributable; or (3) to the extent that the Fund (or shareholder, as applicable) is under an obligation (pursuant to a short sale or otherwise) to make related payments with respect to positions in property substantially similar or related to stock with respect to which an otherwise qualified dividend is paid.
Dividends received by a Fund from a foreign corporation may be qualified dividends if (1) the stock with respect to which the dividend is paid is readily tradable on an established securities market in the U.S., (2) the foreign corporation is incorporated in a possession of the U.S. or (3) the foreign corporation is eligible for the benefits of a comprehensive income tax treaty with the U.S. that includes an exchange of information program (and that the Treasury Department determines to be satisfactory for these purposes). The Treasury Department has issued guidance identifying which treaties are satisfactory for these purposes. Notwithstanding the above, dividends received from a foreign corporation that for the taxable year of the corporation in which the dividend was paid, or the preceding taxable year, is a PFIC will not constitute qualified dividends.
Distributions attributable to dividends received by a Fund from domestic corporations will qualify for the 50% dividends-received deduction (DRD) for corporate shareholders only to the extent discussed below. Distributions attributable to interest received by a Fund will not, and distributions attributable to dividends paid by a foreign corporation generally should not, qualify for the DRD.
If a Fund receives a dividend (other than a capital gain dividend) in respect of any share of REIT stock with a tax holding period of at least 46 days during the 91-day period beginning on the date that is 45 days before the date on which the stock becomes ex-dividend as to that dividend, then Fund dividends attributable to that REIT dividend income (as reduced by certain fund expenses) may be reported by the Fund as eligible for the 20% deduction for qualified REIT dividends generally available to noncorporate shareholders under the Code. In order to qualify for this deduction, noncorporate shareholders must hold their Fund shares for at least 46 days during the 91-day period beginning on the date that is 45 days before the date on which such Fund shares become ex-dividend with respect to such dividend.
Noncorporate taxpayers generally are eligible for a deduction of up to 20% of qualified publicly traded partnership income. A Fund will not be able to claim such a deduction in respect of income allocated to by any MLPs or other publicly traded partnerships in which it invests, and absent any additional guidance, the law does not allow noncorporate shareholders to be able to claim a deduction in respect of Fund dividends attributable to any such income.
Ordinary income dividends paid by a Fund with respect to a taxable year may qualify for the 50% DRD generally available to corporations (other than corporations such as S corporations, which are not eligible for the deduction because of their special characteristics, and other than for purposes of special taxes such as the accumulated earnings tax and the personal holding company tax) to the extent of the amount of dividends received by the Fund from domestic corporations for the taxable year. No DRD will be allowed with respect to any dividend (1) if it has been received with respect to any share of stock that the Fund has held for less than 46 days (91 days in the case of certain preferred stock) during the 91-day period (181-day period in the case of certain preferred stock) beginning on the date that is 45 days (90 days in the case of certain preferred stock) before the date on which such share becomes ex-dividend with respect to such dividend, excluding for this purpose under the rules of Code Section 246(c) any period during which the Fund has an option to sell, is under a contractual obligation to sell, has made and not closed a short sale of, is the grantor of a deep-in-the-money or otherwise nonqualified option (or an in-the-money qualified call option) to buy, or has otherwise diminished its risk of loss by holding other positions with respect to, such (or substantially identical) stock; (2) to the extent that the Fund is under an obligation (pursuant to a short sale or otherwise) to make related payments with respect to positions in substantially similar or related property; or (3) to the extent the stock on which the dividend is paid is treated as debt-financed under the rules of Code Section 246A. Moreover, the DRD for a corporate shareholder may be disallowed or reduced (1) if the corporate shareholder fails to satisfy the foregoing requirements with respect to its shares of the Fund or (2) by application of Code Section 246(b), which in general limits the DRD to 50% of the shareholders taxable income (determined without regard to the DRD and certain other items).
A Fund may either retain or distribute to shareholders its net capital gain for each taxable year. Each Fund currently intends to distribute any such amounts. If net capital gain is distributed and reported as a capital gain dividend, it will be taxable to shareholders as long-term capital gain, regardless of the length of time the shareholder has held his shares or whether such gain was recognized by the Fund prior to the date on which the shareholder acquired his shares. The Code provides, however, that under certain conditions none of the capital gain recognized upon a Funds disposition of domestic qualified small business stock will be subject to tax (with certain limitations).
Conversely, if a Fund elects to retain its net capital gain, the Fund will be subject to tax thereon (except to the extent of any available capital loss carryovers) at the corporate tax rates. If a Fund elects to retain its net capital gain, it is expected that the Fund also will elect to have shareholders of record on the last day of its taxable year treated as if each received a distribution of his pro rata share of such gain, with the result that each shareholder will be required to report his pro rata share of such gain on his tax return as long-term capital gain, will receive a refundable tax credit for his pro rata share of tax paid by the Fund on the gain, and will increase the tax basis for his shares by an amount equal to the deemed distribution less the tax credit.
Distributions by a Fund that do not constitute ordinary income dividends, qualified dividends, exempt-interest dividends, or capital gain dividends will be treated as a return of capital to the extent of (and in reduction of) the shareholders tax basis in his shares; any excess will be treated as gain from the sale of his shares, as discussed below.
Distributions by a Fund will be treated in the manner described above regardless of whether such distributions are paid in cash or reinvested in additional shares of the Fund (or of another Fund). Shareholders receiving a distribution in the form of additional shares will be treated as receiving a distribution in an amount equal to the fair market value of the shares received, determined as of the reinvestment date. In addition, if the NAV at the time a shareholder purchases shares of a Fund reflects undistributed net investment income, recognized net capital gain, or unrealized appreciation in the value of the assets of the Fund, distributions of such amounts will be taxable to the shareholder in the manner described above, although such distributions economically constitute a return of capital to the shareholder.
Ordinarily, shareholders are required to take distributions by a Fund into account in the year in which the distributions are made. However, dividends declared in October, November or December of any year and payable to shareholders of record on a specified date in such a month will be deemed to have been received by the shareholders (and paid by a Fund) on December 31 of such calendar year if such dividends are actually paid in January of the following year. In addition, certain other distributions made after the close of the Funds taxable year may be spilled back and treated as paid by the Fund (except for the purposes of the 4% nondeductible excise tax) during such taxable year. In such case, a shareholder will be treated as having received such dividends in the taxable year in which the distributions were actually made. Shareholders will be advised annually as to the U.S. federal income tax consequences of distributions made (or deemed made) during the year.
Certain U.S. shareholders, including individuals and estates and trusts, are subject to an additional 3.8% Medicare tax on all or a portion of their net investment income, which should include dividends from a Fund and net gains from the disposition of shares of a Fund. U.S. shareholders are urged to consult their own tax advisers regarding the implications of the additional Medicare tax resulting from an investment in a Fund.
Each Fund will be required in certain cases to withhold and remit to the U.S. Treasury backup withholding taxes at the applicable rate on ordinary income dividends, qualified dividends and capital gain dividends, and the proceeds of redemption of shares, paid to any shareholder (1) who has failed to provide a correct taxpayer identification number, (2) who is subject to backup withholding for failure to report the receipt of interest or dividend income properly, or (3) who has failed to certify to the Fund that it is not subject to backup withholding or is an exempt recipient (such as a corporation). Amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules will be allowed as a refund or a credit against a shareholders U.S. federal income tax liability provided the required information is furnished to the IRS.
Sale or Redemption of Shares
For all the Funds, a shareholder will recognize gain or loss on the sale or redemption of shares of a Fund (including an exchange of shares of a Fund for shares of another Fund) in an amount equal to the difference between the proceeds of the sale or redemption and the shareholders adjusted tax basis in the shares. All or a portion of any loss so recognized may be disallowed if the shareholder purchases other shares of the same Fund within 30 days before or
after the sale or redemption. In general, any gain or loss arising from (or treated as arising from) the sale or redemption of shares of a Fund will be considered capital gain or loss and will be long-term capital gain or loss if the shares were held for longer than one year. However, any capital loss arising from the sale or redemption of shares held for six months or less will be disallowed to the extent of the amount of exempt-interest dividends received on such shares (unless the loss is with respect to shares of a Fund for which the holding period began after December 22, 2010, and the Fund declares exempt-interest dividends on a daily basis in an amount equal to at least 90% of its net tax-exempt interest and distributes such dividends at least monthly) and (to the extent not disallowed) will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent of the amount of capital gain dividends received on such shares. For this purpose, the special holding period rules of Code Section 246(c) (discussed above in connection with the dividends-received deduction for corporations) generally will apply in determining the holding period of shares. Capital losses in any year are deductible only to the extent of capital gains plus, in the case of a noncorporate taxpayer, $3,000 of ordinary income.
If a shareholder (1) incurs a sales load in acquiring shares of a Fund, (2) disposes of such shares less than 91 days after they are acquired and (3) subsequently acquires, during the period beginning on the date of the disposition referred to in clause (2) and ending on January 31 of the calendar year following the calendar year that includes the date of such disposition, shares of the Fund or another Fund at a reduced sales load pursuant to a right acquired in connection with the acquisition of the shares disposed of, then the sales load on the shares disposed of (to the extent of the reduction in the sales load on the shares subsequently acquired) shall not be taken into account in determining gain or loss on such shares but shall be treated as incurred on the acquisition of the subsequently acquired shares.
Tax Shelter and Other Reporting Requirements
If a shareholder realizes a loss on the disposition of shares of a Fund of at least $2 million in any single taxable year, or at least $4 million in any combination of taxable years (for an individual shareholder) or at least $10 million in any single taxable year, or at least $20 million in any combination of taxable years (for a corporate shareholder), the shareholder must file with the Internal Revenue Service a disclosure statement on Form 8886. Shareholders should consult their tax advisers to determine the applicability of this requirement in light of their individual circumstances.
Foreign Taxation
Income received by a Fund from sources within foreign countries may be subject to withholding and other taxes imposed by such countries. Tax treaties and conventions between certain countries and the U.S. may reduce or eliminate such taxes. If more than 50% of the value of a Funds total assets at the close of its taxable year consists of securities of foreign corporations, the Fund may be able to elect to pass through to the Funds shareholders the amount of eligible foreign income and similar taxes paid by the Fund. If this election is made, a shareholder generally subject to tax will be required to include in gross income (in addition to taxable dividends actually received) his or her pro rata share of the foreign taxes paid by the Fund, and may be entitled either to deduct (as an itemized deduction) his or her pro rata share of foreign taxes in computing his or her taxable income or to use it as a foreign tax credit against his or her U.S. federal income tax liability, subject to certain limitations. In particular, a shareholder must hold his or her shares (without protection from risk of loss) on the ex-dividend date and for at least 15 more days during the 30-day period surrounding the ex-dividend date to be eligible to claim a foreign tax credit with respect to a gain dividend. No deduction for foreign taxes may be claimed by a shareholder who does not itemize deductions. Each shareholder will be notified within 60 days after the close of the Funds taxable year whether the foreign taxes paid by the Fund will pass through for that year.
Generally, a credit for foreign taxes is subject to the limitation that it may not exceed the shareholders U.S. tax attributable to his or her total foreign source taxable income. For this purpose, if the pass-through election is made, the source of the Funds income will flow through to shareholders of the Fund. With respect to a Fund, gains from the sale of securities will be treated as derived from U.S. sources and certain currency fluctuation gains, including fluctuation gains from foreign currency-denominated debt securities, receivables and payables will be treated as ordinary income derived from U.S. sources. The limitation on the foreign tax credit is applied separately to foreign source passive income, and to certain other types of income. A shareholder may be unable to claim a credit for the full amount of his or her proportionate share of the foreign taxes paid by the Fund.
Foreign Shareholders
Taxation of a shareholder who, as to the United States, is a nonresident alien individual, foreign trust or estate, foreign corporation, or foreign partnership (foreign shareholder), depends on whether the income from a Fund is effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business carried on by such shareholder.
If the income from a Fund is not effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business carried on by a foreign shareholder, subject to the discussion below with respect to interest-related dividends and short-term capital gain dividends, ordinary income dividends (including dividends that would otherwise be treated as qualified dividends to an applicable non-foreign shareholder) paid to such foreign shareholder will be subject to a 30% U.S. withholding tax (or lower applicable treaty rate) upon the gross amount of the dividend. Such foreign shareholder would generally be exempt from U.S. federal income tax, including withholding tax, on gains realized on the sale of shares of a Fund, capital gain dividends and capital gains retained by a Fund.
U.S. withholding tax generally does not apply to amounts designated by a Fund as an interest-related dividend or a short-term capital gain dividend. The aggregate amount treated as an interest-related dividend for a year is limited to the Funds qualified net interest income for the year, which is the excess of the sum of the Funds qualified interest income (generally, its U.S.-source interest income) over the deductions properly allocable to such income. The aggregate amount treated as a short-term capital gain dividend is limited to the excess of the Funds net short-term capital gain over its net long-term capital loss. In order to qualify for this exemption from withholding, a foreign investor needs to comply with applicable certification requirements relating to its non-U.S. status (including, in general, furnishing an IRS Form W-8BEN, W-8BEN-E or substitute Form). In the case of shares held through an intermediary, the intermediary may withhold even if the Fund reported the payment as qualified net interest income or qualified short-term capital gain. Foreign investors should contact their intermediaries with respect to the application of these rules to their accounts.
If the income from a Fund is effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business carried on by a foreign shareholder, then any dividends, and any gains realized upon the sale or redemption of shares of the Fund will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at the rates applicable to U.S. citizens or domestic corporations.
In the case of foreign noncorporate shareholders, a Fund may be required to withhold backup withholding taxes at the applicable rate on distributions that are otherwise exempt from withholding tax (or taxable at a reduced treaty rate) unless such shareholders furnish the Fund with proper notification of their foreign status.
Under the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act and existing guidance thereunder, commonly known as FATCA, a 30% withholding tax on dividends paid by the Fund generally applies if paid to a foreign entity unless: (i) if the foreign entity is a foreign financial institution as defined under FATCA, the foreign entity undertakes certain due diligence, reporting, withholding, and certification obligations, (ii) if the foreign entity is not a foreign financial institution, it identifies certain of its U.S. investors or (iii) the foreign entity is otherwise excepted under FATCA. If withholding is required under FATCA on a payment related to any Fund distribution, investors that otherwise would not be subject to withholding (or that otherwise would be entitled to a reduced rate of withholding) on such payment generally will be required to seek a refund or credit from the IRS to obtain the benefit of such exemption or reduction. An intergovernmental agreement between the United States and an applicable foreign country, or future Treasury regulations or other guidance, may modify the foregoing requirements. The Funds will not pay any additional amounts in respect of amounts withheld under FATCA. Each investor should consult its tax adviser regarding the effect of FATCA based on its individual circumstances.
The tax consequences to a foreign shareholder entitled to claim the benefits of an applicable tax treaty might be different from those described herein. Foreign shareholders are urged to consult their own tax advisers with respect to the particular tax consequences to them of an investment in a Fund, including the applicability of foreign taxes.
Cost Basis Reporting
A Fund is generally required by law to report to shareholders and the IRS on Form 1099-B cost basis information for shares of the Fund acquired on or after January 1, 2012, and sold or redeemed after that date. Upon a disposition of such shares, a Fund will be required to report the adjusted cost basis, the gross proceeds from the disposition, and
the character of realized gains or losses attributable to such shares. These requirements do not apply to investments through a tax-deferred arrangement, such as a 401(k) plan or an individual retirement plan. The cost basis of a share is generally its purchase price adjusted for dividend reinvestments, returns of capital, and other corporate actions. Cost basis is used to determine whether a sale or other disposition of the shares results in a gain or loss.
The Fund will permit shareholders to elect among several IRS-accepted cost basis methods to determine the cost basis in their shares. If a shareholder does not affirmatively elect a cost basis method, then the Funds default cost basis calculation method, which is currently the average cost method, will be applied to their account. Non-covered shares (those shares purchased before January 1, 2012 and those shares that do not have complete cost basis information, regardless of purchase date) will be used first for any redemptions made after January 1, 2012, regardless of your cost basis method of election unless you have chosen the specific identification method and have designated covered shares (those purchased after January 1, 2012) at the time of your redemption. The cost basis method elected or applied may not be changed after the settlement date of a sale of shares.
If a shareholder holds shares through a broker, the shareholder should contact that broker with respect to the reporting of cost basis information.
Shareholders are urged to consult their tax advisers regarding specific questions with respect to the application of the new cost basis reporting rules and, in particular, which cost basis calculation method to elect.
The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017
The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the 2017 Tax Act) was signed into law on December 22, 2017. The 2017 Tax Act makes significant changes to the U.S. federal income tax rules for the taxation of individuals and corporations, generally effective for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017. Most of the changes applicable to individuals are temporary and would apply only to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017 and before January 1, 2026. There are minor changes to the rules directly applying to the taxation of regulated investment companies such as the Fund. Moreover, the 2017 Tax Act makes numerous other large and small changes to the tax rules that do not affect regulated investment companies directly but may affect shareholders and may indirectly affect the Fund. Prospective investors should consult their tax advisers regarding the implications of the 2017 Tax Act on their investment in the Fund.
Effect of Future Legislation, Foreign, State and Local Tax Considerations
The foregoing general discussion of U.S. federal income and excise tax consequences is based on the Code and the Treasury Regulations issued thereunder as in effect on the date of this SAI. Future legislative or administrative changes or court decisions may significantly change the conclusions expressed herein and any such changes or decisions may have a retroactive effect.
Rules of foreign, state and local taxation of ordinary income dividends, qualified dividends, exempt-interest dividends and capital gain dividends from regulated investment companies may differ from the rules for U.S. federal income taxation described above. Shareholders are urged to consult their tax advisers as to the consequences of these and other foreign, state and local tax rules affecting an investment in a Fund.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Description of Shares
The Trust is a Delaware statutory trust. The Trusts Second Amended and Restated Trust Instrument, dated as of February 26, 2019 (Trust Instrument) authorizes the Trustees to issue an unlimited number of shares, which are units of beneficial interest, with a par value $0.001 per share. The Trust Instrument authorizes the Trustees to divide or redivide any unissued shares of the Trust into one or more additional series by setting or changing in any one or more aspects their respective preferences, conversion or other rights, voting power, restrictions, limitations as to dividends, qualifications and terms and conditions of redemption. The Trust is currently authorized to offer Class A, C, I, R, R6 and Y shares of the Funds. A Fund may not offer all such share classes.
Shares have no subscription or preemptive rights and only such conversion or exchange rights as the Trustees may grant in their discretion. When issued for payment as described in the Prospectuses and this SAI, the Trusts shares will be fully paid and non-assessable. In the event of a liquidation or dissolution of the Trust, shares of each Fund are entitled to receive the assets available for distribution belonging to the Fund, and a proportionate distribution, based upon the relative asset values of the respective series, of any general assets not belonging to any particular series that are available for distribution.
Each share class of a Fund represents an interest in the same assets of the Fund, has the same rights and is identical in all material respects except that (1) each class of shares may be subject to different (or no) sales loads; (2) each class of shares may bear different (or no) distribution fees; (3) each class of shares may have different shareholder features, such as minimum investment amounts; (4) certain other class-specific expenses will be borne solely by the class to which such expenses are attributable, including transfer agent fees attributable to a specific class of shares, printing and postage expenses related to preparing and distributing materials to current shareholders of a specific class, registration fees paid by a specific class of shares, the expenses of administrative personnel and services required to support the shareholders of a specific class, litigation or other legal expenses relating to a class of shares, Trustees fees or expenses paid as a result of issues relating to a specific class of shares and accounting fees and expenses relating to a specific class of shares, and (5) each class has exclusive voting rights with respect to matters relating to its own distribution arrangements. The Board may classify and reclassify the shares of the Fund into additional classes of shares at a future date.
Shareholders of the Funds are entitled to one vote per share (with proportional voting for fractional shares) on such matters as shareholders are entitled to vote (share-based voting). Alternatively (except where the 1940 Act requires share-based voting), the Trustees in their discretion may determine that shareholders are entitled to one vote per dollar of NAV (with proportional voting for fractional dollar amounts). Shareholders of all series and classes will vote together as a single class on all matters except (1) when required by the 1940 Act or when the Trustees have determined that a matter affects one or more series or classes materially differently, shares shall be voted by individual series or class; and (2) when the Trustees have determined that the matter affects only the interests of a particular series or class, then only shareholders of such series or class shall be entitled to vote thereon.
There will normally be no meetings of shareholders for the purpose of electing Trustees unless and until such time as less than a majority of the Trustees have been elected by the shareholders, at which time the Trustees then in office will call a shareholders meeting for the election of Trustees. A meeting shall be held for such purpose upon the written request of the holders of not less than 10% of the outstanding shares. Upon written request by ten or more shareholders of record meeting the qualifications of Section 16(c) of the 1940 Act, ( i.e., persons who have been shareholders of record for at least six months and who hold shares having an NAV of at least $25,000 or constituting 1% of the outstanding shares, whichever is less) stating that such shareholders wish to communicate with the other shareholders for the purpose of obtaining the signatures necessary to demand a meeting to consider removal of a Trustee, the Trust will provide a list of shareholders or disseminate appropriate materials (at the expense of the requesting shareholders). Except as set forth above, the Trustees shall continue to hold office and may appoint their successors.
The Trust instrument permits the Trustees to take certain actions without obtaining shareholder approval, if the Trustees determine that doing so would be in the best interests of shareholders. These actions include: (a) reorganizing the Fund with another investment company or another series of the Trust; (b) liquidating the Fund; (c) restructuring the Fund into a master/feeder structure, in which the Fund (the feeder) would invest all of its assets in a separate master fund; and (d) amending the Trust Instrument, unless shareholder consent is required by law.
Rule 18f-2 under the 1940 Act provides that any matter required to be submitted to the holders of the outstanding voting securities of an investment company such as the Trust shall not be deemed to have been effectively acted upon unless approved by the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares, as defined under the 1940 Act, of each series affected by the matter. For purposes of determining whether the approval of a majority of the outstanding shares of a Fund will be required in connection with a matter, the Fund will be deemed to be affected by a matter unless it is clear that the interests of each Fund and any other series in the matter are identical, or that the matter does not affect any interest of other series of the Trust. Under Rule 18f-2, the approval of an investment advisory agreement or any change in investment policy would be effectively acted upon with respect to a Fund only if approved by a majority of the outstanding shares of such Fund. However, Rule 18f-2 also provides that the ratification of independent accountants,
the approval of principal underwriting contracts and the election of Trustees may be effectively acted upon by shareholders of the Trust voting without regard to series.
Shareholder and Trustee Liability
The Delaware Statutory Trust Act provides that a shareholder of a Delaware statutory trust shall be entitled to the same limitation of personal liability extended to shareholders of Delaware corporations and the Trust Instrument provides that shareholders of the Trust shall not be liable for the obligations of the Trust. The Trust Instrument also provides for indemnification out of the trust property of any shareholder held personally liable solely by reason of his or her being or having been a shareholder. The Trust Instrument also provides that the Trust shall, upon request, assume the defense of any claim made against any shareholder for any act or obligation of the Trust and shall satisfy any judgment thereon. Thus, the risk of a shareholder incurring financial loss on account of shareholder liability is considered to be extremely remote.
The Trust Instrument states further that no Trustee, officer, or agent of the Trust shall be personally liable in connection with the administration or preservation of the assets of the Funds or the conduct of the Trusts business; nor shall any Trustee, officer, or agent be personally liable to any person for any action or failure to act except for his own bad faith, willful misfeasance, gross negligence, or reckless disregard of his duties. The Trust Instrument also provides that all persons having any claim against the Trustees or the Trust shall look solely to the assets of the Trust for payment.
Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings
The Board has adopted policies with respect to the disclosure of each Funds portfolio holdings by the Fund, the Adviser, or their affiliates. These policies provide that each Funds portfolio holdings information generally may not be disclosed to any party prior to the information becoming public. Certain limited exceptions are described below. These policies apply to disclosures to all categories of persons, including individual investors, institutional investors, intermediaries who sell shares of a Fund, third parties providing services to the Fund (accounting agent, print vendors, etc.), rating and ranking organizations (Lipper, Morningstar, etc.) and affiliated persons of the Fund.
The Trusts Chief Compliance Officer is responsible for monitoring each Funds compliance with these policies and for providing regular reports (at least annually) to the Board regarding the adequacy and effectiveness of the policy and recommend changes, if necessary.
Public Disclosure
The Funds disclose their complete portfolio holdings in its annual and semiannual reports to shareholders, which are sent to shareholders no later than 60 days after the relevant fiscal period (June 30th and December 31st, respectively) and are available on the Funds website, VictoryFunds.com. The Funds also file their complete portfolio holdings as of the end of its first and third fiscal quarters (September 30th and March 31st, respectively) with the SEC on Form N-Q no later than 60 days after the relevant fiscal period. You can find these filings on the SECs website, www.sec.gov.
In addition, the Funds disclose their complete portfolio holdings as of the quarter-end on the Funds website no earlier than the 15th day following the end of the calendar quarter. The Funds may also publish other information on the Funds website relating to its portfolio holdings (e.g., top ten holdings) on a monthly basis no earlier than the 10th day following the end of the month.
Non-Public Disclosures
The Adviser may authorize the disclosure of non-public portfolio holdings information under certain limited circumstances. The Funds policies provide that non-public disclosures of a Funds portfolio holdings may only be made if: (i) the Fund has a legitimate business purpose (as determined by the President of the Trust) for making such disclosure; and (ii) the party receiving the non-public information enters into a confidentiality agreement, which includes a duty not to trade on the non-public information and describes any compensation to be paid to the Fund or any affiliated person of the Adviser or Distributor, including any arrangement to maintain assets in the Fund or in other investment companies or accounts managed by the Adviser or by any affiliated person of the Adviser or Distributor.
The Adviser will consider any actual or potential conflicts of interest between the Adviser and a Funds shareholders and will act in the best interest of the Funds shareholders with respect to any such disclosure of portfolio holdings information. If a potential conflict can be resolved in a manner that does not present detrimental effects to Fund shareholders, the Adviser may authorize release of portfolio holdings information. Conversely, if the potential conflict cannot be resolved in a manner that does not present detrimental effects to Fund shareholders, the Adviser will not authorize such release.
Ongoing Arrangements to Disclose Portfolio Holdings
As previously authorized by the Board and/or the Trusts executive officers, a Fund periodically discloses non-public portfolio holdings on a confidential basis to various service providers that require such information in order to assist the Fund in its day-to-day operations, as well as public information to certain ratings organizations. These entities are described in the following table. The table also includes information as to the timing of these entities receiving the portfolio holdings information from a Fund. In none of these arrangements does a Fund or any affiliated person of the Adviser or Distributor receive any compensation, including any arrangement to maintain assets in the Fund or in other investment companies or accounts managed by the Adviser or by any affiliated person of the Adviser or Distributor.
Type of Service Provider |
|
Name of Service Provider |
|
Timing of Release of
|
Adviser, Fund Administrator and Fund Accountant |
|
Victory Capital Management Inc. |
|
Daily |
Distributor |
|
Victory Capital Advisers, Inc. |
|
Daily |
Custodian |
|
Citibank, N.A. |
|
Daily |
Sub-Fund Administrator and Sub-Fund Accountant |
|
Citi Fund Services Ohio, Inc. |
|
Daily |
Financial Data Service |
|
FactSet Research Systems, Inc. |
|
Daily |
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm |
|
Cohen & Company, Ltd. |
|
Annual Reporting Period: within 15 business days of end of reporting period.
|
Printer for Financial Reports |
|
Merrill Corporation |
|
Up to 30 days before distribution to shareholders |
Legal Counsel, for EDGAR filings on Forms N-CSR and Form N-Q |
|
Shearman & Sterling LLP |
|
Up to 30 days before filing with the SEC |
Ratings Agency |
|
Lipper |
|
Quarterly, no sooner than 15 calendar days after the end of the previous quarter |
Ratings Agency |
|
Morningstar |
|
Quarterly, no sooner than 15 calendar days after the end of the previous quarter |
Financial Data Service |
|
Bloomberg L.P. |
|
Quarterly, no sooner than 15 calendar days after the end of the previous quarter |
These service providers are required to keep all non-public information confidential and are prohibited from trading based on the information or otherwise using the information, except as necessary in providing services to a Fund.
There is no guarantee that a Funds policies on use and dissemination of holdings information will protect the Fund from the potential misuse of holdings by individuals or firms in possession of such information.
Principal Holders of Fund Shares
As of the date of this SAI there were no shares outstanding of the Funds. Therefore, there is no shareholder of record who owns 5% or more of the outstanding shares of any Fund or who controls any Fund.
Expenses
Unless agreed upon otherwise with a third party, all expenses incurred in administration of the Funds will be charged to a particular Fund, including investment management fees; fees and expenses of the Board of Trustees; interest charges; taxes; brokerage commissions; expenses of valuing assets; expenses of continuing registration and qualification of the Funds and the shares under federal and state law; share issuance expenses; fees and disbursements of independent accountants and legal counsel; fees and expenses of custodians, including, transfer agents and shareholder account servicing organizations; expenses of preparing, printing and mailing prospectuses, reports, proxies, notices and statements sent to shareholders; expenses of shareholder meetings; costs of investing in underlying funds; and insurance premiums. The Funds are also liable for nonrecurring expenses, including litigation to which they may from time to time be a party. Expenses incurred for the operation of a particular Fund, including the expenses of communications with its shareholders, are paid by that Fund.
Legal Counsel
Shearman & Sterling LLP, 599 Lexington Avenue, New York, NY 10022, serves as legal counsel to the Trust.
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The Funds independent registered public accounting firm is Cohen & Company, Ltd., located at 1350 Euclid Avenue, Suite 800, Cleveland, Ohio 44115.
Financial Statements
The audited financial statements of the Funds for the fiscal period ended October 31, 2018 are incorporated by reference herein.
Miscellaneous
As used in the Prospectuses and in this SAI, assets belonging to a fund (or assets belonging to the Fund) means the consideration received by the Trust upon the issuance or sale of shares of a Fund, together with all income, earnings, profits and proceeds derived from the investment thereof, including any proceeds from the sale, exchange, or liquidation of such investments and any funds or payments derived from any reinvestment of such proceeds and any general assets of the Trust, which general liabilities and expenses are not readily identified as belonging to a particular series that are allocated to that series by the Trustees. The Trustees may allocate such general assets in any manner they deem fair and equitable. It is anticipated that the factor that will be used by the Trustees in making allocations of general assets to a particular series will be the relative NAV of each respective series at the time of allocation. Assets belonging to a particular series are charged with the direct liabilities and expenses in respect of that series and with a share of the general liabilities and expenses of each of the series not readily identified as belonging to a particular series, which are allocated to each series in accordance with its proportionate share of the NAVs of the Trust at the time of allocation. The timing of allocations of general assets and general liabilities and expenses of the Trust to a particular series will be determined by the Trustees and will be in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Determinations by the Trustees as to the timing of the allocation of general liabilities and expenses and as to the timing and allocable portion of any general assets with respect to a particular series are conclusive.
As used in the Prospectuses and in this SAI, a vote of a majority of the outstanding shares of the Fund means the affirmative vote of the lesser of (a) 67% or more of the shares of the Fund present at a meeting at which the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Fund are represented in person or by proxy, or (b) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Fund.
The Prospectuses and this SAI are not an offering of the securities described in these documents in any state in which such offering may not lawfully be made. No salesman, dealer, or other person is authorized to give any information or make any representation other than those contained in the Prospectus and this SAI.
While this SAI and each Prospectus describe pertinent information about the Trust and the Funds, neither this SAI nor any Prospectus represents a contract between the Trust or the Fund and any shareholder.
APPENDIX A
Description of Security Ratings
Set forth below are descriptions of the relevant ratings of each of the NRSROs. These NRSROs and the descriptions of the ratings are as of the date of this SAI and may subsequently change.
Moodys
Global Long-Term Ratings . Ratings assigned on Moodys global long-term rating scales are forward-looking opinions of the relative credit risk of financial obligations issued by non-financial corporates, financial institutions, structured finance vehicles, project finance vehicles, and public sector entities. Long-term ratings are assigned to issuers or obligations with an original maturity of one year or more and reflect both on the likelihood of a default on contractually promised payments and the expected financial loss suffered in the event of default. The following describes the global long-term ratings by Moodys.
Aaa Obligations rated Aaa are judged to be of the highest quality, subject to the lowest level of credit risk.
Aa Obligations rated Aa are judged to be of high quality and are subject to very low credit risk.
A Obligations rated A are judged to be upper-medium grade and are subject to low credit risk.
Baa Obligations rated Baa are judged to be medium-grade and subject to moderate credit risk and as such may possess certain speculative characteristics.
Ba Obligations rated Ba are judged to be speculative and are subject to substantial credit risk.
B Obligations rated B are considered speculative and are subject to high credit risk.
Caa Obligations rated Caa are judged to be speculative of poor standing and are subject to very high credit risk.
Ca Obligations rated Ca are highly speculative and are likely in, or very near, default, with some prospect of recovery of principal and interest.
C Obligations rated C are the lowest rated and are typically in default, with little prospect for recovery of principal or interest.
Medium-Term Note Program Ratings . Moodys assigns provisional ratings to medium-term note (MTN) programs and definitive ratings to the individual debt securities issued from them (referred to as drawdowns or notes). MTN program ratings are intended to reflect the ratings likely to be assigned to drawdowns issued from the program with the specified priority of claim (e.g. senior or subordinated). To capture the contingent nature of a program rating, Moodys assigns provisional ratings to MTN programs. A provisional rating is denoted by a (P) in front of the rating.
The rating assigned to a drawdown from a rated MTN or bank/deposit note program is definitive in nature, and may differ from the program rating if the drawdown is exposed to additional credit risks besides the issuers default, such as links to the defaults of other issuers, or has other structural features that warrant a different rating. In some circumstances, no rating may be assigned to a drawdown.
Moodys encourages market participants to contact Moodys Ratings Desks or visit www.moodys.com directly if they have questions regarding ratings for specific notes issued under a medium-term note program. Unrated notes issued under an MTN program may be assigned an NR (not rated) symbol.
Note: Moodys appends numerical modifiers 1, 2, and 3 to each generic rating classification from Aa through Caa. The modifier 1 indicates that the obligation ranks in the higher end of its generic rating category; the modifier 2 indicates a mid-range ranking; and the modifier 3 indicates a ranking in the lower end of that generic rating category.
Additionally, a (hyb) indicator is appended to all ratings of hybrid securities issued by banks, insurers, finance companies, and securities firms.
Global Short-Term Ratings . Ratings assigned on Moodys global short-term rating scales are forward-looking opinions of the relative credit risk of financial obligations issued by non-financial corporates, financial institutions, structured finance vehicles, project finance vehicles, and public sector entities. Short-term ratings are assigned to obligations with an original maturity of thirteen months or less and reflect the likelihood of a default on contractually promised payments. The following describes Moodys global short-term ratings.
Moodys employs the following designations to indicate the relative repayment ability of rated issuers:
P-1. Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-1 have a superior ability to repay short-term debt obligations.
P-2. Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-2 have a strong ability to repay short-term debt obligations.
P-3. Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-3 have an acceptable ability to repay short-term obligations.
NP. Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Not Prime do not fall within any of the Prime rating categories.
Speculative Grade Liquidity Ratings. Moodys Speculative Grade Liquidity Ratings are opinions of an issuers relative ability to generate cash from internal resources and the availability of external sources of committed financing, in relation to its cash obligations over the coming 12 months. Speculative Grade Liquidity Ratings will consider the likelihood that committed sources of financing will remain available. Other forms of liquidity support will be evaluated and consideration will be given to the likelihood that these sources will be available during the coming 12 months. Speculative Grade Liquidity Ratings are assigned to speculative grade issuers that are by definition Not Prime issuers.
SGL-1 Issuers rated SGL-1 possess very good liquidity. They are most likely to have the capacity to meet their obligations over the coming 12 months through internal resources without relying on external sources of committed financing.
SGL-2 Issuers rated SGL-2 possess good liquidity. They are likely to meet their obligations over the coming 12 months through internal resources but may rely on external sources of committed financing. The issuers ability to access committed sources of financing is highly likely based on Moodys evaluation of near-term covenant compliance.
SGL-3 Issuers rated SGL-3 possess adequate liquidity. They are expected to rely on external sources of committed financing. Based on its evaluation of near-term covenant compliance, Moodys believes there is only a modest cushion, and the issuer may require covenant relief in order to maintain orderly access to funding lines.
SGL-4 Issuers rated SGL-4 possess weak liquidity. They rely on external sources of financing and the availability of that financing is, in Moodys opinion, highly uncertain.
Short-Term Obligation Ratings. While the global short-term prime rating scale is applied to U.S. municipal tax-exempt commercial paper, these programs are typically backed by external letters of credit or liquidity facilities and their short-term prime ratings usually map to the long-term rating of the enhancing bank or financial institution and not to the municipalitys rating. Other short-term municipal obligations, which generally have different funding sources for repayment, are rated using two additional short-term rating scales (i.e., the MIG and VMIG scales discussed below).
The Municipal Investment Grade (MIG) scale is used to rate U.S. municipal bond anticipation notes of up to three years maturity. Municipal notes rated on the MIG scale may be secured by either pledged revenues or proceeds of a take-out financing received prior to note maturity. MIG ratings expire at the maturity of the obligation, and the issuers long-term rating is only one consideration in assigning the MIG rating. MIG ratings are divided into three levelsMIG 1 through MIG 3while speculative grade short-term obligations are designated SG.
MIG-1. This designation denotes superior credit quality. Excellent protection is afforded by established cash flows, highly reliable liquidity support, or demonstrated broad-based access to the market for refinancing.
MIG-2. This designation denotes strong credit quality. Margins of protection are ample, although not as large as in the preceding group.
MIG-3. This designation denotes acceptable credit quality. Liquidity and cash-flow protection may be narrow, and market access for refinancing is likely to be less well-established.
SG. This designation denotes speculative-grade credit quality. Debt instruments in this category may lack sufficient margins of protection.
Demand Obligation Ratings. In the case of variable rate demand obligations (VRDOs), a two-component rating is assigned: a long or short-term debt rating and a demand obligation rating. The first element represents Moodys evaluation of risk associated with scheduled principal and interest payments. The second element represents Moodys evaluation of risk associated with the ability to receive purchase price upon demand (demand feature). The second element uses a rating from a variation of the MIG scale called the Variable Municipal Investment Grade (VMIG) scale. The rating transitions on the VMIG scale, as shown in the diagram below, differ from those on the Prime scale to reflect the risk that external liquidity support generally will terminate if the issuers long-term rating drops below investment grade.
VMIG-1. This designation denotes superior credit quality. Excellent protection is afforded by the superior short-term credit strength of the liquidity provider and structural and legal protections that ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.
VMIG-2 . This designation denotes strong credit quality. Good protection is afforded by the strong short-term credit strength of the liquidity provider and structural and legal protections that ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.
VMIG-3 . This designation denotes acceptable credit quality. Adequate protection is afforded by the satisfactory short-term credit strength of the liquidity provider and structural and legal protections that ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.
SG . This designation denotes speculative-grade credit quality. Demand features rated in this category may be supported by a liquidity provider that does not have an investment grade short-term rating or may lack the structural and/or legal protections necessary to ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.
Standard & Poors
A Standard & Poors issue credit rating is a forward-looking opinion about the creditworthiness of an obligor with respect to a specific financial obligation, a specific class of financial obligations, or a specific financial program (including ratings on medium-term note programs and commercial paper programs). It takes into consideration the creditworthiness of guarantors, insurers, or other forms of credit enhancement on the obligation and takes into account the currency in which the obligation is denominated. The opinion reflects Standard & Poors view of the obligors capacity and willingness to meet its financial commitments as they come due, and may assess terms, such as collateral security and subordination, which could affect ultimate payment in the event of default.
Issue credit ratings can be either long-term or short-term. Short-term ratings are generally assigned to those obligations considered short-term in the relevant market. In the U.S., for example, that means obligations with an original maturity of no more than 365 daysincluding commercial paper. Short-term ratings are also used to indicate the creditworthiness of an obligor with respect to put features on long-term obligations. Medium-term notes are assigned long-term ratings.
Long-Term Issue Credit Ratings . Issue credit ratings are based, in varying degrees, on Standard & Poors analysis of the following considerations:
· Likelihood of paymentcapacity and willingness of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on an obligation in accordance with the terms of the obligation;
· Nature of and provisions of the obligation, and the promise imputed by Standard & Poors;
· Protection afforded by, and relative position of, the obligation in the event of bankruptcy, reorganization, or other arrangement under the laws of bankruptcy and other laws affecting creditors rights.
Issue ratings are an assessment of default risk, but may incorporate an assessment of relative seniority or ultimate recovery in the event of default. Junior obligations are typically rated lower than senior obligations, to reflect the lower priority in bankruptcy, as noted above. (Such differentiation may apply when an entity has both senior and subordinated obligations, secured and unsecured obligations, or operating company and holding company obligations.)
AAA An obligation rated AAA has the highest rating assigned by Standard & Poors. The obligors capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is extremely strong.
AA An obligation rated AA differs from the highest-rated obligations only to a small degree. The obligors capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is very strong.
A An obligation rated A is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher-rated categories. However, the obligors capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is still strong.
BBB An obligation rated BBB exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
BB, B, CCC, CC, and C Obligations rated BB, B, CCC, CC, and C are regarded as having significant speculative characteristics. BB indicates the least degree of speculation and C the highest. While such obligations will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these may be outweighed by large uncertainties or major exposures to adverse conditions.
BB An obligation rated BB is less vulnerable to nonpayment than other speculative issues. However, it faces major ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial, or economic conditions which could lead to the obligors inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
B An obligation rated B is more vulnerable to nonpayment than obligations rated BB, but the obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. Adverse business, financial, or economic conditions will likely impair the obligors capacity or willingness to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
CCC An obligation rated CCC is currently vulnerable to nonpayment, and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. In the event of adverse business, financial, or economic conditions, the obligor is not likely to have the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
CC An obligation rated CC is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment. The CC rating is used when a default has not yet occurred, but Standard & Poors expects default to be a virtual certainty, regardless of the anticipated time to default.
C An obligation rated C is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment, and the obligation is expected to have lower relative seniority or lower ultimate recovery compared to obligations that are rated higher.
D An obligation rated D is in default or in breach of an imputed promise. For non-hybrid capital instruments, the D rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due, unless Standard & Poors believes that such payments will be made within five business days in the absence of a stated grace period or within
the earlier of the stated grace period or 30 calendar days. The D rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of similar action and where default on an obligation is a virtual certainty, for example due to automatic stay provisions. An obligations rating is lowered to D if it is subject to a distressed exchange offer.
NR This indicates that no rating has been requested, or that there is insufficient information on which to base a rating, or that Standard & Poors does not rate a particular obligation as a matter of policy.
Plus (+) or minus (-) The ratings from AA to CCC may be modified by the addition of a plus (+) or minus (-) sign to show relative standing within the major rating categories.
Short-Term Issue Credit Ratings . The following describes Standard & Poors short-term issue credit ratings.
A-1 A short-term obligation rated A-1 is rated in the highest category by Standard & Poors. The obligors capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is strong. Within this category, certain obligations are designated with a plus sign (+). This indicates that the obligors capacity to meet its financial commitment on these obligations is extremely strong.
A-2 A short-term obligation rated A-2 is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher rating categories. However, the obligors capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is satisfactory.
A-3 A short-term obligation rated A-3 exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
B A short-term obligation rated B is regarded as vulnerable and has significant speculative characteristics. The obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitments; however, it faces major ongoing uncertainties which could lead to the obligors inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitments.
C A short-term obligation rated C is currently vulnerable to nonpayment and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
D A short-term obligation rated D is in default or in breach of an imputed promise. For non-hybrid capital instruments, the D rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due, unless Standard & Poors believes that such payments will be made within any stated grace period. However, any stated grace period longer than five business days will be treated as five business days. The D rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of a similar action and where default on an obligation is a virtual certainty, for example due to automatic stay provisions. An obligations rating is lowered to D if it is subject to a distressed exchange offer.
Municipal Short-Term Note Ratings. The following describes Standard & Poors Municipal Short-Term Note Ratings.
A Standard & Poors U.S. municipal note rating reflects Standard & Poors opinion about the liquidity factors and market access risks unique to the notes. Notes due in three years or less will likely receive a note rating. Notes with an original maturity of more than three years will most likely receive a long-term debt rating. In determining which type of rating, if any, to assign, Standard & Poors analysis will review the following considerations:
· Amortization schedule the larger the final maturity relative to other maturities, the more likely it will be treated as a note; and
· Source of payment the more dependent the issue is on the market for its refinancing, the more likely it will be treated as a note.
SP-1. Strong capacity to pay principal and interest. An issue determined to possess a very strong capacity to pay debt service is given a plus (+) designation.
SP-2. Satisfactory capacity to pay principal and interest, with some vulnerability to adverse financial and economic changes over the term of the notes.
SP-3. Speculative capacity to pay principal and interest.
Active Qualifiers
L Ratings qualified with L apply only to amounts invested up to federal deposit insurance limits.
p This suffix is used for issues in which the credit factors, the terms, or both, that determine the likelihood of receipt of payment of principal are different from the credit factors, terms or both that determine the likelihood of receipt of interest on the obligation. The p suffix indicates that the rating addresses the principal portion of the obligation only and that the interest is not rated.
pi Ratings with a pi suffix are based on an analysis of an issuers published financial information, as well as additional information in the public domain. They do not, however, reflect in-depth meetings with an issuers management and therefore may be based on less comprehensive information than ratings without a pi suffix. Ratings with a pi suffix are reviewed annually based on a new years financial statements, but may be reviewed on an interim basis if a major event occurs that may affect the issuers credit quality.
prelim Preliminary ratings, with the prelim suffix, may be assigned to obligors or obligations, including financial programs, in the circumstances described below. Assignment of a final rating is conditional on the receipt by Standard & Poors of appropriate documentation. Standard & Poors reserves the right not to issue a final rating. Moreover, if a final rating is issued, it may differ from the preliminary rating.
· Preliminary ratings may be assigned to obligations, most commonly structured and project finance issues, pending receipt of final documentation and legal opinions.
· Preliminary ratings are assigned to Rule 415 Shelf Registrations. As specific issues, with defined terms, are offered from the master registration, a final rating may be assigned to them in accordance with Standard & Poors policies.
· Preliminary ratings may be assigned to obligations that will likely be issued upon the obligors emergence from bankruptcy or similar reorganization, based on late-stage reorganization plans, documentation and discussions with the obligor. Preliminary ratings may also be assigned to the obligors. These ratings consider the anticipated general credit quality of the reorganized or post-bankruptcy issuer as well as attributes of the anticipated obligation(s).
· Preliminary ratings may be assigned to entities that are being formed or that are in the process of being independently established when, in Standard & Poors opinion, documentation is close to final. Preliminary ratings may also be assigned to the obligations of these entities.
· Preliminary ratings may be assigned when a previously unrated entity is undergoing a well-formulated restructuring, recapitalization, significant financing or other transformative event, generally at the point that investor or lender commitments are invited. The preliminary rating may be assigned to the entity and to its proposed obligation(s). These preliminary ratings consider the anticipated general credit quality of the obligor, as well as attributes of the anticipated obligation(s), assuming successful completion of the transformative event. Should the transformative event not occur, Standard & Poors would likely withdraw these preliminary ratings.
· A preliminary recovery rating may be assigned to an obligation that has a preliminary issue credit rating.
t This symbol indicates termination structures that are designed to honor their contracts to full maturity or, should certain events occur, to terminate and cash settle all their contracts before their final maturity date.
Fitch
International Long-Term Ratings
Investment Grade
AAA Highest credit quality. AAA ratings denote the lowest expectation of default risk. They are assigned only in cases of exceptionally strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is highly unlikely to be adversely affected by foreseeable events.
AA Very high credit quality. AA ratings denote expectations of very low default risk. They indicate very strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is not significantly vulnerable to foreseeable events.
A High credit quality. A ratings denote expectations of low default risk. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered strong. This capacity may, nevertheless, be more vulnerable to adverse business or economic conditions than is the case for higher ratings.
BBB Good credit quality. BBB ratings indicate that expectations of default risk are currently low. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered adequate but adverse business or economic conditions are more likely to impair this capacity.
Speculative Grade
BB Speculative. BB ratings indicate an elevated vulnerability to default risk, particularly in the event of adverse changes in business or economic conditions over time; however, business or financial flexibility exists which supports the servicing of financial commitments.
B Highly speculative. B ratings indicate that material default risk is present, but a limited margin of safety remains. Financial commitments are currently being met; however, capacity for continued payment is vulnerable to deterioration in the business and economic environment.
CCC, CC, C High levels of credit risk. CCC ratings indicates that default is a real possibility. CC ratings indicates that default of some kind appears probable. C ratings indicate that default is imminent or inevitable, or the issuer is in standstill. Conditions that are indicative of a C category rating for an issuer include:
a. the issuer has entered into a grace or cure period following non-payment of a material financial obligation;
b. the issuer has entered into a temporary negotiated waiver or standstill agreement following a payment default on a material financial obligation; or
c. Fitch Ratings otherwise believes a condition of RD or D to be imminent or inevitable, including through the formal announcement of a distressed debt exchange.
RD Restricted default. RD ratings indicate an issuer that in Fitch Ratings opinion has experienced an uncured payment default on a bond, loan or other material financial obligation but which has not entered into bankruptcy filings, administration, receivership, liquidation or other formal winding-up procedure, and which has not otherwise ceased operating. This would include:
a. the selective payment default on a specific class or currency of debt;
b. the uncured expiry of any applicable grace period, cure period or default forbearance period following a payment default on a bank loan, capital markets security or other material financial obligation;
c. the extension of multiple waivers or forbearance periods upon a payment default on one or more material financial obligations, either in series or in parallel; or
d. execution of a distressed debt exchange on one or more material financial obligations.
D Default. D ratings indicate an issuer that in Fitch Ratings opinion has entered into bankruptcy filings, administration, receivership, liquidation or other formal winding-up procedure, or which has otherwise ceased business.
Default ratings are not assigned prospectively to entities or their obligations; within this context, non-payment on an instrument that contains a deferral feature or grace period will generally not be considered a default until after the expiration of the deferral or grace period, unless a default is otherwise driven by bankruptcy or other similar circumstance, or by a distressed debt exchange.
Imminent default typically refers to the occasion where a payment default has been intimated by the issuer, and is all but inevitable. This may, for example, be where an issuer has missed a scheduled payment, but (as is typical) has a grace period during which it may cure the payment default. Another alternative would be where an issuer has formally announced a distressed debt exchange, but the date of the exchange still lies several days or weeks in the immediate future.
In all cases, the assignment of a default rating reflects the agencys opinion as to the most appropriate rating category consistent with the rest of its universe of ratings, and may differ from the definition of default under the terms of an issuers financial obligations or local commercial practice.
International Short-Term Ratings. The following describes Fitchs two highest short-term ratings:
F1. Highest short-term credit quality. Indicates the strongest intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments; may have an added + to denote any exceptionally strong credit feature.
F2. Good short-term credit quality. Good intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments.
Notes to Long- and Short-term ratings:
The modifiers + or - may be appended to a rating to denote relative status within major rating categories. Such suffixes are not added to the AAA Long-Term Issuer Default Ratings category, or to Long-Term Issuer Default Ratings categories below B.
NR A designation of Not Rated or NR is used to denote securities not rated by Fitch where Fitch has rated some, but not all, securities comprising an issuance capital structure.
Withdrawn The rating has been withdrawn and the issue or issuer is no longer rated by Fitch Ratings. Indicated in rating databases with the symbol WD.
Rating Watch Rating Watches indicate that there is a heightened probability of a rating change and the likely direction of such a change. These are designated as Positive, indicating a potential upgrade, Negative, for a potential downgrade, or Evolving, if ratings may be raised, lowered or affirmed. However, ratings that are not on Rating Watch can be raised or lowered without being placed on Rating Watch first, if circumstances warrant such an action.
A Rating Watch is typically event-driven and, as such, it is generally resolved over a relatively short period. The event driving the Watch may be either anticipated or have already occurred, but in both cases, the exact rating implications remain undetermined. The Watch period is typically used to gather further information and/or subject the information to further analysis. Additionally, a Watch may be used where the rating implications are already clear, but where a triggering event (e.g. shareholder or regulatory approval) exists. The Watch will typically extend to cover the period until the triggering event is resolved or its outcome is predictable with a high enough degree of certainty to permit resolution of the Watch.
Rating Watches can be employed by all analytical groups and are applied to the ratings of individual entities and/or individual instruments. At the lowest categories of speculative grade (CCC, CC and C) the high volatility of credit profiles may imply that almost all ratings should carry a Watch. Watches are nonetheless only applied selectively in these categories, where a committee decides that particular events or threats are best communicated by the addition of the Watch designation.
Rating Outlook trends that have not yet reached the level that would trigger a rating action, but which may do so if such trends continue. The majority of Outlooks are generally Stable, which is consistent with the historical migration experience of ratings over a one- to two-year period. Positive or Negative rating Outlooks do not imply that a rating change is inevitable and, similarly, ratings with Stable Outlooks can be raised or lowered without a prior revision to the Outlook, if circumstances warrant such an action. Occasionally, where the fundamental trend has strong, conflicting elements of both positive and negative, the Rating Outlook may be described as Evolving.
Outlooks are currently applied on the long-term scale to issuer ratings in corporate finance (including sovereigns, industrials, utilities, financial institutions and insurance companies) and public finance outside the U.S.; to issue ratings in public finance in the U.S.; to certain issues in project finance; to Insurer Financial Strength Ratings; to issuer and/or issue ratings in a number of National Rating scales; and to the ratings of structured finance transactions and covered bonds. Outlooks are not applied to ratings assigned on the short-term scale and are applied selectively to ratings in the CCC, CC and C categories. Defaulted ratings typically do not carry an Outlook.
Registration Statement
of
VICTORY PORTFOLIOS
on
Form N-1A
PART C. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 28. Exhibits
(a)(1)(a) |
|
Certificate of Trust dated December 6, 1995. (6) |
|
|
|
(a)(1)(b) |
|
Certificate of Amendment dated August 19, 2015 to the Certificate of Trust. (29) |
(a)(2) |
|
Second Amended and Restated Trust Instrument dated as of February 26, 2019. (filed herewith) |
(b) |
|
Bylaws, Amended and Restated as of August 26, 2009. (4) |
|
|
|
(c) |
|
The rights of holders of the securities being registered are set out in Articles II, VII, IX and X of the Trust Instrument referenced in Exhibit (a)(2)(a) and (b) above and in Article IV of the Bylaws referenced in Exhibit (b) above. |
|
|
|
(d)(1)(a) |
|
Investment Advisory Agreement dated August 1, 2013 between Registrant and Victory Capital Management Inc. (Victory Capital or the Adviser). (6) |
|
|
|
(d)(1)(b) |
|
Schedule A to the Advisory Agreement dated August 1, 2013, current as of December 5, 2018. (47) |
|
|
|
(d)(2)(a) |
|
Investment Advisory Agreement dated as of July 29, 2016 between Registrant and the Adviser. (39) |
|
|
|
(d)(2)(b) |
|
Schedule A to the Advisory Agreement dated July 29, 2016, current as of December 5, 2018. (46) |
|
|
|
(d)(3) |
|
Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement dated as of July 29, 2016 between the Adviser and Park Avenue Institutional Advisers LLC regarding the Victory High Yield Fund, Victory Tax-Exempt Fund, Victory High Income Municipal Bond Fund, Victory Floating Rate Fund and Victory Strategic Income Fund. (39) |
|
|
|
(d)(4)(a) |
|
Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement dated as of July 29, 2016 between the Adviser and SailingStone Capital Partners LLC regarding the Victory Global Natural Resources Fund. (39) |
|
|
|
(d)(4)(b) |
|
Amendment to Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement dated as of July 29, 2016 between the Adviser and SailingStone Capital Partners LLC regarding the Victory Global Natural Resources Fund dated as of December 6, 2017. (42) |
|
|
|
(e)(1) |
|
Distribution Agreement dated August 1, 2013 between Registrant and Victory Capital Advisers, Inc. (6) |
|
|
|
(e)(2) |
|
Amendment dated August 19, 2015 to the Distribution Agreement dated August 1, 2013, (46) |
(e)(3) |
|
Schedule I to the Distribution Agreement dated August 1, 2013, current as of December 5, 2018. (46) |
|
|
|
(f) |
|
None. |
|
|
|
(g)(1)(a) |
|
Global Custodial Services Agreement between the Registrant and Citibank, N.A. dated as of August 5, 2008. (1) |
|
|
|
(g)(1)(b) |
|
Amendment and Joinder to the Master Global Custodial Services Agreement dated July 15, 2016. (36) |
|
|
|
(g)(1)(c) |
|
Amendment and Joinder to the Master Global Custodial Services Agreement dated August 24, 2016. (36) |
|
|
|
(g)(1)(d) |
|
Amendment and Joinder to the Master Global Custodial Services Agreement dated February 27, 2017. (38) |
|
|
|
(g)(1)(e) |
|
Amendment and Joinder to the Master Global Custodial Services Agreement dated March [ · ], 2019. (to be filed by amendment) |
|
|
|
(h)(1) |
|
Revised Form of Broker-Dealer Agreement. (41) |
|
|
|
(h)(2)(a) |
|
Administration and Fund Accounting Agreement dated July 1, 2006 between Registrant and Victory Capital. (9) |
|
|
|
(h)(2)(b) |
|
Amendment dated July 1, 2009 to Administration and Fund Accounting Agreement dated July 1, 2006. (4) |
|
|
|
(h)(2)(c) |
|
Amendment No. 2 dated July 1, 2012 to Administration and Fund Accounting Agreement dated July 1, 2006. (5) |
|
|
|
(h)(2)(d) |
|
Amendment No. 3 dated May 21, 2015 to the Administration and Fund Accounting Agreement dated July 1, 2006. (33) |
|
|
|
(h)(2)(e) |
|
Amendment No. 4 dated August 19, 2015 to the Administration and Fund Accounting Agreement dated July 1, 2006. (33) |
|
|
|
(h)(2)(f) |
|
Amendment No. 5 dated August 24, 2016 to the Administration and Fund Accounting Agreement dated July 1, 2006. (36) |
|
|
|
(h)(2)(g) |
|
Amendment No. 6 dated February 28, 2018, 2018 to the Administration and Fund Accounting Agreement dated July 1, 2006. (43) |
(h)(2)(e) |
|
Amendment No. 7 dated February 27, 2019 to the Administration and Fund Accounting Agreement dated July 1, 2006. (filed herewith) |
(h)(3)(a) |
|
Sub-Administration and Sub-Fund Accounting Agreement effective October 1, 2015 between Victory Capital and Citi Fund Services Ohio, Inc. (35) |
|
|
|
(h)(3)(b) |
|
Amendment dated as of February 27, 2017 to Sub-Administration and Sub-Fund Accounting Agreement. (36) |
|
|
|
(h)(3)(c) |
|
Amendment No. 2 dated as of February 28, 2018 to the Sub-Administration and Sub-Fund Accounting Agreement. (45) |
(h)(3)(d) |
|
Amendment No. 3 dated as of March [ · ], 2019 to the Sub-Administration and Sub-Fund Accounting Agreement. (to be filed by amendment) |
|
|
|
(h)(4)(a) |
|
Transfer Agency Agreement dated April 1, 2002 between Registrant and BISYS. (18) |
|
|
|
(h)(4)(b) |
|
Schedule A to the Transfer Agency Agreement dated April 1, 2002, current as of December 2, 2009. (4) |
|
|
|
(h)(4)(c) |
|
Supplement dated June 3, 2002 to the Transfer Agency Agreement dated April 1, 2002. (18) |
|
|
|
(h)(4)(d) |
|
Amendment dated July 24, 2002 to the Transfer Agency Agreement dated April 1, 2002. (18) |
|
|
|
(h)(4)(e) |
|
Amendment dated May 18, 2004 to the Transfer Agency Agreement dated April 1, 2002. (12) |
|
|
|
(h)(4)(f) |
|
Amendment dated July 1, 2006 to the Transfer Agency Agreement dated April 1, 2002. (9) |
|
|
|
(h)(4)(g) |
|
Amendment dated July 1, 2009 to the Transfer Agency Agreement dated April 1, 2002. (4) |
|
|
|
(h)(4)(h) |
|
Amendment dated August 31, 2011 to the Transfer Agency Agreement dated April 1, 2002. (3) |
|
|
|
(h)(4)(i) |
|
Amendment dated July 1, 2012 to the Transfer Agency Agreement dated April 1, 2002. (21) |
|
|
|
(h)(4)(j) |
|
Amendment dated October 24, 2012 to the Transfer Agency Agreement dated April 1, 2002. (20) |
|
|
|
(h)(4)(k) |
|
Amendment dated October 23, 2013 to the Transfer Agency Agreement dated April 1, 2002. (7) |
|
|
|
(h)(4)(l) |
|
Amendment dated February 19, 2014 to the Transfer Agency Agreement dated April 1, 2002. (17) |
|
|
|
(h)(4)(m) |
|
Amendment dated April 1, 2015 to the Transfer Agency Agreement dated April 1, 2002. (28) |
|
|
|
(h)(4)(n) |
|
Amendment dated August 24, 2016 to the Transfer Agency Agreement dated April 1, 2002. (34) |
|
|
|
(h)(4)(o) |
|
Data Protection Addendum dated May 30, 2018 to the Transfer Agency Agreement. (45) |
|
|
|
(h)(4)(p) |
|
Amendment dated March [ · ], 2019 to the Transfer Agency Agreement dated April 1, 2002. (to be filed by amendment) |
|
|
|
(h)(5)(a) |
|
Expense Limitation Agreement dated as of August 1, 2013. (6) |
|
|
|
(h)(5)(b) |
|
Schedule A dated as of March 1, 2019 to the Expense Limitation Agreement. (47) |
|
|
|
(h)(6)(a) |
|
Form of Expense Limitation Letter Agreement relating to Strategic Allocation Fund dated February 27, 2019. (47) |
|
|
|
(h)(6)(b) |
|
Schedule A dated as of March 1, 2019 to the Expense Limitation Letter Agreement. (47) |
|
|
|
(h)(7)(a) |
|
Form of Fee Limitation Letter Agreement between Registrant and Adviser. (11) |
|
|
|
(i)(1)(a) |
|
Opinions of Morrison & Foerster LLP dated October 24, 2012 and Morris Nichols Arsht & Tunnell LLP dated October 24, 2012 relating to all then current Funds and Classes of Shares. (20) |
|
|
|
(i)(l)(b) |
|
Opinions of Morrison & Foerster LLP dated March 28, 2014 and Morris Nichols Arsht & Tunnell LLP dated March 28, 2014 relating to Emerging Markets Small Cap Fund. (17) |
|
|
|
(i)(l)(c) |
|
Opinions of Morrison & Foerster LLP dated June 17, 2014 and Morris Nichols Arsht & Tunnell LLP dated June 17, 2014 relating to Integrity Micro-Cap Equity, Integrity Mid-Cap Value, Integrity |
|
|
Small/Mid Value, Integrity Small-Cap Value, Munder Emerging Markets Small-Cap, Munder Growth Opportunities, Munder Index 500, Munder International Fund-Core Equity, Munder International Small-Cap, Munder Mid-Cap Core Growth and Munder Total Return Bond. (19) |
|
|
|
(i)(1)(d) |
|
Opinions of Morrison & Foerster LLP dated February 13, 2015 and Morris Nichols Arsht & Tunnell LLP dated February 13, 2015 relating to Munder Small Cap Growth Fund. (26) |
|
|
|
(i)(1)(e) |
|
Opinions of Morrison & Foerster LLP dated February 24, 2015 and Morris Nichols Arsht & Tunnell LLP dated February 24, 2015 relating to Integrity Small/Mid-Cap Value Fund Class R6, Munder Total Return Bond Fund Class R6, Munder International Fund-Core Equity Class R6 and Fund for Income Class R6. (27) |
|
|
|
(i)(1)(f) |
|
Opinions of Morrison & Foerster LLP dated June 13, 2016 and Morris Nichols Arsht & Tunnell LLP dated June 13, 2016 relating to Victory RS Focused Opportunity Fund, Victory RS Focused Growth Opportunity Fund, Victory RS Partners Fund, Victory RS Value Fund, Victory RS Large Cap Alpha Fund, Victory RS Investors Fund, Victory Global Natural Resources Fund, Victory RS Small Cap Growth Fund, Victory RS Select Growth Fund, Victory RS Mid Cap Growth Fund, Victory RS Growth Fund, Victory RS Science and Technology Fund, Victory RS Small Cap Equity Fund, Victory RS International Fund, Victory RS Global Fund, Victory Sophus Emerging Markets Fund, Victory Sophus Emerging Markets Small Cap Fund, Victory Sophus China Fund, Victory INCORE Investment Quality Bond Fund, Victory INCORE Low Duration Bond Fund, Victory High Yield Fund, Victory Tax-Exempt Fund, Victory High Income Municipal Bond Fund, Victory Floating Rate Fund and Victory Strategic Income Fund. (31) |
|
|
|
(i)(1)(g) |
|
Opinions of Morrison & Foerster LLP dated July 11, 2017 and Morris Nichols Arsht & Tunnell LLP dated July 11, 2017 relating to Victory RS Small Cap Growth Fund Class R6. (40) |
(i)(2)(a) |
|
Opinion of Morris Nichols Arsht & Tunnell LLP dated March 8, 2019 relating to Victory Harvest Premium Absolute Fund, Victory Harvest Premium Bond Fund and Victory Harvest Premium Large Cap Equity Fund. (filed herewith) |
(j)(1) |
|
Consent of Shearman & Sterling LLP. |
(j)(2) |
|
Consent of Cohen & Company, Ltd. |
(k) |
|
Not applicable. |
|
|
|
(l)(1) |
|
Purchase Agreement dated November 12, 1986 between Registrant and Physicians Insurance Company of Ohio. (13) |
|
|
|
(l)(2) |
|
Purchase Agreement dated October 15, 1989. (14) |
|
|
|
(l)(3) |
|
Purchase Agreement. (15) |
|
|
|
(l)(4) |
|
Purchase Agreement dated March 28, 2014 with respect to Emerging Markets Small Cap Fund. (17) |
|
|
|
(l)(5) |
|
Purchase Agreement dated October 30, 2015 with respect to Munder Small Cap Growth Fund. (28) |
|
|
|
(m)(1)(a) |
|
Amended and Restated Distribution and Service Plan dated December 11, 1998 as amended and restated February 20, 2013 for Class R Shares. (6) |
|
|
|
(m)(1)(b) |
|
Schedule I to the Amended and Restated Distribution and Service Plan for Class R Shares revised as of December 5, 2018. (47) |
(1) Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 86 to Registrants Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed electronically on November 14, 2008, accession number 0001104659-08071024.
(2) Reserved.
(3) Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 97 to Registrants Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed electronically on December 22, 2011, accession number 0001104659-11-070891.
(4) Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 89 to Registrants Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed electronically on December 4, 2009, accession number 0001104659-09-068535.
(5) Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No 103 to Registrants Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed electronically on February 27, 2013, accession number 0001104659-13-015010.
(6) Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 105 to Registrants Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed electronically on October 15, 2013, accession number 0001104659-13-075668.
(7) Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 106 to Registrants Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed electronically on December 23, 2013, accession number 0001104659-13-092003.
(8) Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 107 to Registrants Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed electronically on December 31, 2013, accession number 0001104659-13-093041.
(9) Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 77 to Registrants Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed electronically on December 20, 2006, accession number 0001104659-06-082890.
(10) Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 79 to Registrants Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed electronically on June 29, 2007, accession number 0001104659-07-051406.
(11) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrants Registration Statement on Form N-14, File No. 333-19666, filed electronically on June 11, 2014, accession number 0001104659-14-045290.
(12) Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 120 to Registrants Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed electronically on October 10, 2014, accession number 0001104659-14-071313.
(13) Filed as Exhibit 13 to Registrants Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 to Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on November 13, 1986.
(14) Filed as Exhibit 13(b) to Registrants Post-Effective Amendment No. 7 to Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on December 1, 1989.
(15) Filed as Exhibit 13(c) to Registrants Post-Effective Amendment No. 7 to Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed on December 1, 1989.
(16) Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 91 to Registrants Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed electronically on February 16, 2010, accession number 0001104659-10-007421.
(17) Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 112 to Registrants Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed electronically on March 28, 2014, accession number 0001104659-14-024014.
(18) Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 66 to Registrants Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed electronically on December 27, 2002, accession number 0000922423-02-001283.
(19) Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 117 to Registrants Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed electronically on June 17, 2014, accession number 0001104659-14-046546.
(20) Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 101 to Registrants Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed electronically on October 26, 2012, accession number 0001104659-12-071603.
(21) Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 30 to Munder Series Trusts Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed electronically on October 28, 2008, accession number 0001193125-08-218017.
(22) Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 68 to RS Investment Trusts Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed electronically on May 9, 2007, accession number 0001104659-07-037658.
(23) Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 72 to RS Investment Trusts Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed electronically on September 16, 2008, accession number 0001193125-08-196596.
(24) Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 69 to RS Investment Trusts Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed electronically on July 23, 2007, accession number 0001104659-07-055269.
(25) Filed as an Exhibit to Registrants Registration Statement on Form N-14, File No. 333-209399, filed electronically on March 17, 2016, accession number 0001104659-16-105882.
(26) Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 122 to Registrants Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed electronically on February 20, 2015, accession number 0001104659-15-012670.
(27) Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 123 to Registrants Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed electronically on February 26, 2015, accession number 0001104659-15-014530.
(28) Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 126 to Registrants Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed electronically on May 4, 2015, accession number 0001104659-15-033255.
(29) Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 129 to Registrants Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed electronically on October 28, 2015, accession number 0001104659-15-073617.
(30) Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 133 to Registrants Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed electronically on December 22, 2015, accession number 0001104659-15-086283.
(31) Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 142 to Registrants Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed electronically on June 14, 2016, accession number 0001104659-16-126923.
(32) Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 137 to Registrants Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed electronically on February 26, 2016, accession number 0001104659-16-100588.
(33) Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 41 to Victory Portfolio IIs Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed electronically on October 28, 2015, accession number 0001104659-15-073665.
(34) Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 144 to Registrants Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed electronically on October 28, 2016, accession number 0001104659-16-153019.
(35) Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 54 to Victory Portfolio IIs Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed electronically on January 18, 2017, accession number 0001104659-17-002631.
(36) Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 147 to Registrants Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed electronically on February 28, 2017, accession number 0001104659-17-012565.
(37) Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 150 to Registrants Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed electronically on April 5, 2017, accession number 0001104659-17-021739.
(38) Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 55 to Victory Portfolios IIs Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed electronically on March 31, 2017, accession number 0001104659-17-020677.
(39) Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 153 to Registrants Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed electronically on April 28, 2017, accession number 0001104659-17-027612
(40) Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 154 to Registrants Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed electronically on July 11, 2017, accession number 0001104659-17-044515
(41) Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 156 to Registrants Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed electronically on October 27, 2017, accession number 0001104659-17-064332.
(42) Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 158 to Registrants Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed electronically on February 27, 2018, accession number 0001104659-18-012828.
(43) Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 42 to Victory Variable Insurance Funds Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed electronically on April 17, 2018, accession number 0001104659-18-024484.
(44) Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 160 to Registrants Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed electronically on April 30, 2018, accession number 0001104659-18-028601.
(45) Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 162 to Registrants Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed electronically on October 24, 2018, accession number 0001104659-18-063690.
(46) Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 164 to Registrants Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed electronically on December 17, 2018, accession number 0001104659-18-073349.
(47) Filed as an Exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 165 to Registrants Registration Statement on Form N-1A filed electronically on February 26, 2019, accession number 0001104659-19-010748.
Item 29. Persons Controlled by or Under Common Control with Registrant .
None.
Item 30. Indemnification
Article X, Section 10.02 of Registrants Delaware Trust Instrument, as amended, incorporated herein as Exhibits (a)(2)(a) and (b) hereto, provides for the indemnification of Registrants Trustees and officers, as follows:
Section 10.02 Indemnification.
(a) Subject to the exceptions and limitations contained in Subsection 10.02(b):
(i) every person who is, or has been, a Trustee or officer of the Trust (hereinafter referred to as a Covered Person) shall be indemnified by the Trust to the fullest extent permitted by law against liability and against all expenses reasonably incurred or paid by him in connection with any claim, action, suit or proceeding in which he becomes involved as a party or otherwise by virtue of his being or having been a Trustee or officer and against amounts paid or incurred by him in the settlement thereof;
(ii) the words claim, action, suit, or proceeding shall apply to all claims, actions, suits or proceedings (civil, criminal or other, including appeals), actual or threatened while in office or thereafter, and the words liability and expenses shall include, without limitation, attorneys fees, costs, judgments, amounts paid in settlement, fines, penalties and other liabilities.
(b) No indemnification shall be provided hereunder to a Covered Person:
(i) who shall have been adjudicated by a court or body before which the proceeding was brought (A) to be liable to the Trust or its Shareholders by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his office or (B) not to have acted in good faith in the reasonable belief that his action was in the best interest of the Trust; or
(ii) in the event of a settlement, unless there has been a determination that such Trustee or officer did not engage in willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his office, (A) by the court or other body approving the settlement; (B) by at least a majority of those Trustees who are neither interested persons of the Trust nor are parties to the matter based upon a review of readily available facts (as opposed to a full trial-type inquiry); or (C) by written opinion of independent legal counsel based upon a review of readily available facts (as opposed to a full trial-type inquiry).
(c) The rights of indemnification herein provided may be insured against by policies maintained by the Trust, shall be severable, shall not be exclusive of or affect any other rights to which any Covered Person may now or hereafter be entitled, shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be a Covered Person and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors and administrators of such a person. Nothing contained herein shall affect any rights to indemnification to which Trust personnel, other than Covered Persons, and other persons may be entitled by contract or otherwise under law.
(d) Expenses in connection with the preparation and presentation of a defense to any claim, action, suit or proceeding of the character described in Subsection (a) of this Section 10.02 may be paid by the Trust or Series from time to time prior to final disposition thereof upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of such Covered Person that such amount will be paid over by him to the Trust or Series if it is ultimately determined that he is not entitled
to indemnification under this Section 10.02; provided, however, that either (i) such Covered Person shall have provided appropriate security for such undertaking, (ii) the Trust is insured against losses arising out of any such advance payments or (iii) either a majority of the Trustees who are neither interested persons of the Trust nor parties to the matter, or independent legal counsel in a written opinion, shall have determined, based upon a review of readily available facts (as opposed to a trial-type inquiry or full investigation), that there is reason to believe that such Covered Person will be found entitled to indemnification under this Section 10.02. The advancement of any expenses pursuant to this Section 10.02(d) shall under no circumstances be considered a loan under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 or for any other reason.
Indemnification of the Funds principal underwriter, custodian, fund accountant, and transfer agent is provided for, respectively, in Section V of the Distribution Agreement incorporated by reference as Exhibit (e)(1) hereto, Section 12 of the Global Custodial Services Agreement incorporated by reference as Exhibit (g)(1) hereto, Section 9 of the Administration and Fund Accounting Agreement incorporated by reference as Exhibit (h)(2) hereto and Section 9 of the Transfer Agency Agreement incorporated by reference as Exhibit (h)(4) hereto. Registrant has obtained from a major insurance carrier a trustees and officers liability policy covering certain types of errors and omissions. In no event will Registrant indemnify any of its trustees, officers, employees or agents against any liability to which such person would otherwise be subject by reason of his willful misfeasance, bad faith, or gross negligence in the performance of his duties, or by reason of his reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his office or under his agreement with Registrant. Registrant will comply with Rule 484 under the Securities Act of 1933 and Release 11330 under the Investment Company Act of 1940 in connection with any indemnification.
Insofar as indemnification for liability arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to trustees, officers, and controlling persons of Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act, as amended, and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a trustee, officer, or controlling person of Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit, or proceeding) is asserted by such trustee, officer, or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question of whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
Item 31. Business and Other Connections of the Investment Adviser
Victory Capital Management Inc. (VCM or the Adviser) is an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Victory Capital Holdings, Inc. (VCH), a publicly traded Delaware corporation. The Adviser provides investment advisory services to clients including large corporate and public retirement plans, Taft-Hartley plans, foundations and endowments, high net worth individuals and mutual funds. The Adviser offers domestic and international equity and domestic fixed income strategies to investors through a variety of products, including mutual funds, separate accounts, and collective trust funds. As of December 31, 2018, the Adviser managed or advised assets totaling in excess $52.7 billion for individual and institutional clients. The Advisers principal offices are located at 4900 Tiedeman Road, 4th Floor, Brooklyn, OH 44144, with additional offices in New York, New York, Birmingham, Michigan, Brentwood, Tennessee, Boston, Massachusetts, Rocky River, Ohio, Cincinnati, Ohio, Denver, Colorado, San Francisco, California and Des Moines, Iowa.
To the knowledge of Registrant, none of the directors or officers of the Adviser is or has been at any time during the past two fiscal years engaged in any other business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature.
Effective March 1, 2019 the principal executive officers and directors of the Adviser and VCH are as follows :
David C. Brown |
Director, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Adviser and VCH |
Kelly S. Cliff |
President, Investment Franchises of Adviser and VCH, Director of Adviser |
Michael D. Policarpo, II |
President, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Administrative Officer of Adviser and VCH |
Nina Gupta |
Chief Legal Officer and Secretary of Adviser and VCH, Director of Adviser |
The business address of the foregoing individuals is 4900 Tiedeman Road, 4th Floor, Brooklyn, Ohio 44144.
Item 32. Principal Underwriter
(a) Victory Capital Advisers, Inc. (VCA) acts as principal underwriter for the shares of Registrant, Victory Portfolios II, Victory Variable Insurance Funds and Victory Institutional Funds.
(b) VCA, 4900 Tiedeman Road, 4th Floor, Brooklyn, Ohio 44144, acts solely as distributor for the investment companies listed above. The officers of VCA, all of whose principal business address is set forth above, are:
Name |
|
Positions and Offices with VCA |
|
Position and Offices
|
David C. Brown |
|
Director |
|
Trustee |
Michael D. Policarpo, II |
|
Director |
|
None |
Peter Scharich |
|
Director, President and AML Officer |
|
None |
Jennifer Milligan |
|
Director, Chief Compliance Officer |
|
None |
Nina Gupta |
|
Director, Chief Legal Officer and Secretary |
|
None |
Donald Inks |
|
Principal Operations Officer |
|
None |
Christopher Ponte |
|
Principal Financial Officer, Treasurer |
|
Assistant Treasurer |
(c) Not applicable.
Item 33. Location of Accounts and Records
(1) Victory Capital Management Inc., 4900 Tiedeman Road, 4th Floor, Brooklyn, Ohio 44144 (records relating to its functions as investment adviser and administrator).
(2) Citibank, N.A., 388 Greenwich St., New York, New York 10013 (records relating to its function as custodian).
(3) Citi Fund Services Ohio, Inc., 4400 Easton Commons, Suite 200, Columbus, Ohio 43219 (records relating to its functions as sub-administrator and sub-fund accountant).
(4) FIS Investor Services LLC, 4249 Easton Way, Suite 400, Columbus, Ohio 43219 (records relating to its functions as transfer agent and dividend disbursing agent).
(5) Victory Capital Advisers, Inc., 4900 Tiedeman Road, 4th Floor, Brooklyn, Ohio 44144 (records relating to its function as distributor).
(6) Park Avenue Institutional Advisers LLC, 7 Hanover Square, New York, New York 10004 (records relating to its function as sub-adviser to the Victory High Yield Fund, Victory Tax-Exempt Fund, Victory High Income Municipal Bond Fund, Victory Floating Rate Fund and Victory Strategic Income Fund).
(7) SailingStone Capital Partners LLC, One California Street, 30th Floor, San Francisco, California 94111 (records relating to its function as sub-adviser to the Victory Global Natural Resources Fund).
Item 34. Management Services
None.
Item 35. Undertakings
Not applicable.
NOTICE
A copy of the Certificate of Trust of Registrant, and all amendments, is on file with the Secretary of State of Delaware and notice is hereby given that this Post-Effective Amendment to Registrants Registration Statement has been executed on behalf of Registrant by officers of, and Trustees of, Registrant as officers and as Trustees, respectively, and not individually, and that the obligations of or arising out of this instrument are not binding upon any of the Trustees, officers or shareholders of Registrant individually but are binding only upon the assets and property of Registrant.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, Registrant certifies that it meets all of the requirements for effectiveness of this Registration Statement under Rule 485(b) under the Securities Act and has duly caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of New York and State of New York, on the 8 th day of March, 2019.
|
VICTORY PORTFOLIOS |
|
|
(Registrant) |
|
|
By: |
/s/ Christopher K. Dyer |
|
|
Christopher K. Dyer, President (Principal Executive Officer) |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities indicated on the 8 th day of March, 2019.
/s/ Christopher K. Dyer |
|
President (Principal Executive Officer) |
|
Christopher K. Dyer |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Allan Shaer |
|
Treasurer (Principal Accounting Officer and Principal Financial Officer) |
|
Allan Shaer |
|
||
|
|
|
|
* |
|
Chairman of the Board and Trustee |
|
Leigh A. Wilson |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* |
|
Trustee |
|
David Brooks Adcock |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* |
|
Trustee |
|
Nigel D.T. Andrews |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* |
|
Trustee |
|
E. Lee Beard |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* |
|
Trustee |
|
David C. Brown |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* |
|
Trustee |
|
Dennis M. Bushe |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* |
|
Trustee |
|
Sally M. Dungan |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* |
|
Trustee |
|
John L. Kelly |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* |
|
Trustee |
|
David L. Meyer |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* |
|
Trustee |
|
Gloria S. Nelund |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*By: |
/s/ Jay G. Baris |
|
|
|
Jay G. Baris |
|
|
|
Attorney-in-Fact |
|
|
VICTORY PORTFOLIOS
INDEX TO EXHIBITS
Exhibit Number |
|
Exhibits: |
EX-99. (a)(2) |
|
Second Amended and Restated Trust Instrument dated as of February 26, 2019. |
EX-99. (h)(2)(e) |
|
Amendment No. 7 dated February 27, 2019 to the Administration and Fund Accounting Agreement dated July 1, 2006. |
EX-99. (i)(2)(a) |
|
Opinion of Morris Nichols Arsht & Tunnell LLP dated March 8, 2019 relating to Victory Harvest Premium Absolute Fund, Victory Harvest Premium Bond Fund and Victory Harvest Premium Large Cap Equity Fund. |
EX-99. (j)(1) |
|
Consent of Shearman & Sterling LLP. |
EX-99. (j)(2) |
|
Consent of Cohen & Company, Ltd. |
VICTORY PORTFOLIOS
SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED TRUST INSTRUMENT
DATED AS OF FEBRUARY 26, 2019
VICTORY PORTFOLIOS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
|
|
Page |
|
|
|
ARTICLE I NAME AND DEFINITIONS; PURPOSE |
1 |
|
|
|
|
Section 1.01 |
Name |
1 |
Section 1.02 |
Definitions |
1 |
Section 1.03 |
Purpose |
3 |
|
|
|
ARTICLE II BENEFICIAL INTEREST |
3 |
|
|
|
|
Section 2.01 |
Shares of Beneficial Interest |
3 |
Section 2.02 |
Issuance of Shares |
3 |
Section 2.03 |
Register of Shares and Share Certificates |
4 |
Section 2.04 |
Transfer of Shares |
4 |
Section 2.05 |
Treasury Shares |
5 |
Section 2.06 |
Establishment of Series and Classes |
5 |
Section 2.07 |
Investment in the Trust |
6 |
Section 2.08 |
Assets and Liabilities of Series |
6 |
Section 2.09 |
No Preemptive Rights |
7 |
Section 2.10 |
No Personal Liability of Shareholder |
7 |
Section 2.11 |
Combination of Series and Classes |
7 |
Section 2.12 |
Division of Series and Classes |
7 |
|
|
|
ARTICLE III THE TRUSTEES |
8 |
|
|
|
|
Section 3.01 |
Management of the Trust |
8 |
Section 3.02 |
Initial Trustees |
8 |
Section 3.03 |
Term of Office |
8 |
Section 3.04 |
Vacancies and Appointments |
9 |
Section 3.05 |
Temporary Absence |
9 |
Section 3.06 |
Number of Trustees |
9 |
Section 3.07 |
Effect of Ending of a Trustees Service |
10 |
Section 3.08 |
Ownership of Assets of the Trust |
10 |
Section 3.09 |
Compensation |
10 |
|
|
|
ARTICLE IV POWERS OF THE TRUSTEES |
10 |
|
|
|
|
Section 4.01 |
Powers |
10 |
Section 4.02 |
Issuance and Repurchase of Shares |
14 |
Section 4.03 |
Trustees and Officers as Shareholders |
14 |
Section 4.04 |
Action by the Trustees |
14 |
Section 4.05 |
Chairman of the Board of Trustees |
14 |
Section 4.06 |
Principal Transactions |
15 |
Section 4.07 |
Small Accounts |
15 |
Section 4.08 |
Determinations by Trustees |
15 |
Section 4.09 |
Delegation by Trustees |
15 |
Section 4.10 |
Advisory Trustees |
16 |
|
|
|
ARTICLE V EXPENSES OF THE TRUST |
16 |
|
|
|
|
ARTICLE VI INVESTMENT ADVISER, PRINCIPAL UNDERWRITER, ADMINISTRATOR AND TRANSFER AGENT |
17 |
|
|
|
|
Section 6.01 |
Investment Adviser |
17 |
Section 6.02 |
Principal Underwriter |
18 |
Section 6.03 |
Administration |
18 |
Section 6.04 |
Transfer Agent |
18 |
Section 6.05 |
Parties to Contract |
18 |
Section 6.06 |
Provisions and Amendments |
19 |
|
|
|
ARTICLE VII SHAREHOLDERS VOTING POWERS AND MEETINGS |
19 |
|
|
|
|
Section 7.01 |
Voting Powers |
19 |
Section 7.02 |
Meetings |
20 |
Section 7.03 |
Quorum and Required Vote |
21 |
|
|
|
ARTICLE VIII CUSTODIAN |
21 |
|
|
|
|
Section 8.01 |
Appointment and Duties |
21 |
Section 8.02 |
Central Certificate System |
22 |
|
|
|
ARTICLE IX DISTRIBUTIONS AND REDEMPTIONS |
22 |
|
|
|
|
Section 9.01 |
Distributions |
22 |
Section 9.02 |
Redemptions |
23 |
Section 9.03 |
Determination of Net Asset Value and Valuation of Portfolio Assets |
23 |
Section 9.04 |
Suspension of the Right of Redemption |
24 |
Section 9.05 |
Required Redemption of Shares |
24 |
|
|
|
ARTICLE X LIMITATION OF LIABILITY AND INDEMNIFICATION |
25 |
|
|
|
|
Section 10.01 |
Limitation of Liability |
25 |
Section 10.02 |
Indemnification |
25 |
Section 10.03 |
Shareholders |
26 |
|
|
|
ARTICLE XI MISCELLANEOUS |
27 |
|
|
|
|
Section 11.01 |
Trust Not a Partnership |
27 |
Section 11.02 |
Trustees Good Faith Action, Expert Advice, No Bond or Surety |
27 |
Section 11.03 |
Establishment of Record Dates |
27 |
Section 11.04 |
Dissolution and Termination of Trust |
28 |
Section 11.05 |
Reorganization and Master/Feeder |
29 |
Section 11.06 |
Filing of Copies, References, Headings |
29 |
Section 11.07 |
Applicable Law |
30 |
Section 11.08 |
Derivative Actions |
31 |
Section 11.09 |
Amendments |
31 |
Section 11.10 |
Fiscal Year |
32 |
Section 11.11 |
Name Reservation |
32 |
Section 11.12 |
Provisions in Conflict With Law |
32 |
Section 11.13 |
Jurisdiction and Waiver of Jury Trial |
32 |
VICTORY PORTFOLIOS
SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED TRUST INSTRUMENT
Dated as of February 26, 2019
THIS SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED TRUST INSTRUMENT of Victory Portfolios, a Delaware statutory trust (the Trust), is made and entered into on February 26, 2019 for the purpose of continuing the Trust as a Delaware statutory trust in accordance with the provisions hereinafter set forth.
WHEREAS the initial Trust e es of the Trust, established the Trust pursuant to a Trust Instrument dated December 6, 1995 (the Original Trust Instrument);
WHEREAS the Original Trust Instrument was amended and restated on March 27, 2000 (the Amended and Restated Trust Instrument) by the trustees of the Trust; and
WHEREAS, the Trustees consider it necessary and appropriate to amend and restate in its entirety the Amended and Restated Trust Instrument and intend that this Trust Instrument shall constitute the governing instrument of the Trust.
NOW THEREFORE, the Trustees (i) declare that all money and property contributed to the Trust hereunder shall be held and managed under this Trust Instrument as set forth herein and (ii) hereby amend and restate the Amended and Restated Trust Instrument in its entirety as follows.
ARTICLE I
NAME AND DEFINITIONS; PURPOSE
Section 1.01 Name .
The name of the Trust is Victory Portfolios. The Trustees may, without Shareholder approval, change the name of the Trust or any Series or Class and adopt such other name as they deem proper. Any name change of any Series or Class shall become effective upon approval by the Trustees of such change or any document (including any Registration Statement) reflecting such change. Any name change of the Trust shall become effective upon the effectiveness of the filing of a certificate of amendment to the Certificate of Trust under the Delaware Act reflecting such change. Any such action shall have the status of an amendment to this Trust Instrument. In the event of any name change, the Trustees shall cause notice to be given to the affected Shareholders within a reasonable time after the implementation of such change, which notice will be deemed given if the changed name is reflected in any Registration Statement.
Section 1.02 Definitions .
Wherever used herein, unless otherwise required by the context or specifically provided:
(a) The 1940 Act means the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended from time to time. Whenever reference is made hereunder to the 1940 Act, such references shall be interpreted as including any applicable order or orders of the Commission or any rules or
regulations adopted by the Commission thereunder or interpretive releases of the Commission staff. References herein to specific sections of the 1940 Act shall be deemed to include such rules and regulations as are applicable to such sections as determined by the Trustees or their designees;
(b) Bylaws means the Bylaws of the Trust as adopted by the Trustees, as amended from time to time;
(c) Certificate of Trust means the certificate of trust of the Trust, as amended or restated from time to time, filed by the initial Trustees in the Office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware in accordance with the Delaware Act;
(d) Class means a class of Shares of a Series of the Trust established in accordance with the provisions of Article II hereof;
(e) Commission has the meaning given it in the 1940 Act. In addition, Affiliated Person, Assignment, Interested Person and Principal Underwriter shall have the respective meanings given them in the 1940 Act. Majority Shareholder Vote shall have the same meaning as the term vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities under the 1940 Act;
(f) Delaware Act refers to the Delaware Statutory Trust Act, 12 Del. C. §§ 3801 et seq., as amended from time to time;
(g) Net Asset Value means the net asset value of each Series of the Trust determined in the manner provided in Article IX, Section 9.03 hereof;
(h) Outstanding Shares means those Shares shown from time to time in the books of the Trust or its transfer agent as then issued and outstanding, but shall not include Shares which have been redeemed or repurchased by the Trust and which are at the time held in the treasury of the Trust;
(i) Registration Statement means the Trusts registration statement or statements as filed with the Commission, as from time to time in effect, and shall include any prospectus or statement of additional information forming a part thereof;
(j) Series means a series of Shares of the Trust established and designated in accordance with the provisions of Article II, Section 2.06 hereof;
(k) Shareholder means a record owner of Outstanding Shares of the Trust;
(l) Shares means the equal proportionate transferable units of beneficial interest into which the beneficial interest of each Series of the Trust or Class thereof shall be divided and may include fractions of Shares as well as whole Shares;
(m) The Trust means Victory Portfolios, a Delaware statutory trust, established under the Delaware Act pursuant to the Original Trust Instrument and the filing of the Certificate of Trust in the Office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware and continued pursuant to the terms of this Trust Instrument, and reference to the Trust when applicable to one or more Series of the Trust, shall refer to any such Series;
(n) The Trustees means the person or persons who has or have signed this Trust Instrument so long as he, she or they shall continue in office in accordance with the terms hereof and all other persons who may from time to time be duly qualified and serving as Trustees in accordance with the provisions of Article III hereof, and reference herein to a Trustee or to the Trustees shall refer to the individual Trustees in their respective capacity as Trustees hereunder;
(o) Trust Instrument means this Second Amended and Restated Trust Instrument, as further amended and/or restated from time to time; and
(p) Trust Property means any and all property, real or personal, tangible or intangible, which is owned or held by or for the account of one or more of the Trust or any Series, or the Trustees on behalf of the Trust or any Series.
Section 1.03 Purpose .
The purpose of the Trust is to conduct, operate and carry on the business of an investment company registered under the 1940 Act through one or more Series and to carry on such other business as the Trustees may from time to time determine. The Trustees shall not be limited by any law limiting the investments which may be made by fiduciaries. In furtherance of the foregoing, the Trust shall have the power and authority to do everything necessary, suitable, convenient or proper for the conduct, promotion and attainment of any businesses and purposes which at any time may be incidental or may appear conducive or expedient for the accomplishment of the business of an investment company registered under the 1940 Act and which may be engaged in or carried on by a statutory trust organized under the Delaware Act, and in connection therewith the Trust shall have and may exercise all of the powers conferred by the laws of the State of Delaware upon a Delaware statutory trust.
ARTICLE II
BENEFICIAL INTEREST
Section 2.01 Shares of Beneficial Interest .
The beneficial interest in the Trust shall be divided into such Shares of one or more separate and distinct Series or Classes as set forth in Section 2.06 or as the Trustees shall otherwise from time to time create and establish as provided in Section 2.06. The number of Shares of any Series and Class authorized hereunder is unlimited. Upon the establishment of any Series or Class as provided herein, the Trust shall be authorized to issue an unlimited number of Shares of each such Series or Class, unless otherwise determined, and subject to any conditions set forth, by the Trustees. Each Share shall have a par value of $0.001. All Shares issued hereunder, including without limitation, Shares issued in connection with a dividend paid in Shares or a split or reverse split of Shares, shall be fully paid and non-assessable.
Section 2.02 Issuance of Shares .
The Trustees in their discretion may, from time to time, without a vote of the Shareholders, issue Shares, in addition to the then issued and outstanding Shares and Shares held in the treasury, to such party or parties and for such amount and type of consideration, subject to applicable law, including cash or securities, at such time or times and on such terms as the Trustees
may deem appropriate, and may in such manner acquire other assets (including the acquisition of assets subject to, and in connection with, the assumption of liabilities) and businesses. In connection with any issuance of Shares, the Trustees may issue fractional Shares and Shares held in the treasury. The Trustees may from time to time divide or combine the Shares of any Series or Class into a greater or lesser number without thereby changing the proportionate beneficial interests in the Trust. Contributions to the Trust may be accepted for, and Shares shall be redeemed as, whole Shares and/or 1/1000th of a Share or integral multiples thereof. The Trustees or any person the Trustees may authorize for the purpose may, in their discretion, reject any application for the issuance of shares.
Section 2.03 Register of Shares and Share Certificates .
A register shall be kept at the principal office of the Trust or an office of the Trusts transfer agent which shall contain the names and addresses of the Shareholders of each Series, the number of Shares of that Series (or any Class or Classes) held by them respectively and a record of all transfers thereof. No share certificates shall be issued by the Trust except as the Trustees may otherwise authorize, and the persons indicated as shareholders in such register shall be entitled to receive dividends or other distributions or otherwise to exercise or enjoy the rights of Shareholders. No Shareholder shall be entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution, nor to have notice given to him as herein or in the Bylaws provided, until he has given his address to the transfer agent or such officer or other agent of the Trustees as shall keep the said register for entry thereon. The Trustees may make such rules as they consider appropriate for the issuance of Share certificates (if any), the transfer of Shares of each Series (or Class) and similar matters.
Section 2.04 Transfer of Shares .
Except as otherwise provided by the Trustees, Shares shall be transferable on the records of the Trust only by the record holder thereof or by his agent thereunto duly authorized in writing, upon delivery to the Trustees or the Trusts transfer agent of a duly executed instrument of transfer and such evidence of the genuineness of such execution and authorization and of such other matters as may be required by the Trustees. Upon such delivery the transfer shall be recorded on the register of the Trust. Until such record is made, the Shareholder of record shall be deemed to be the holder of such Shares for all purposes hereunder and neither the Trustees nor the Trust, nor any transfer agent or registrar nor any officer, employee or agent of the Trust shall be affected by any notice of the proposed transfer. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, any person entitled to any Shares as a consequence of the death, bankruptcy, or incompetence of any Shareholder, or otherwise by operation of law, shall be recorded on the applicable register of Shares as the holder of such Shares upon production of such evidence thereof as the Trust or its transfer or similar agent may require, but until such transfer is recorded, the Shareholder of record shall be deemed to be the holder of such Shares for all purposes hereof, and neither the Trustees, any transfer or similar agent nor any officer or agent of the Trust shall be affected by any notice of such death, bankruptcy or incompetence, or other operation of law.
Section 2.05 Treasury Shares .
Shares held in the treasury shall, until reissued pursuant to Section 2.02 hereof, not confer any voting rights on the Trustees, nor shall such Shares be entitled to any dividends or other distributions declared with respect to the Shares.
Section 2.06 Establishment of Series and Classes .
Subject to the provisions of this Section 2.06, the Trust shall consist of the Series (and Classes if so designated) indicated on the books and records of the Trust, as such books and records may be amended from time to time. The preferences, voting powers, rights and privileges of the Series and any Classes existing as of the date hereof shall be as set forth in the Trusts Registration Statement. Distinct records shall be maintained by the Trust for each Series and the assets associated with each Series shall be held and accounted for separately from the assets of the Trust or any other Series. The Trustees shall have full power and authority, in their sole discretion and without obtaining any prior authorization or vote of the Shareholders of any Series or Class, to divide the beneficial interest in each Series or Class into Shares, to establish and designate and to change in any manner any Series or any Classes of initial or additional Series and to fix such preferences, voting powers, rights, duties and privileges and business purposes of such Series or Classes as the Trustees may from time to time determine, which preferences, voting powers, rights, duties and privileges and business purposes may be senior or subordinate to any existing Series or Class and may be limited to specific property or obligations of the Trust, to divide or combine the Shares of any Series or Class into a greater or lesser number; to classify or reclassify any Shares of any Series or Classes into one or more Series or Classes of Shares (whether the Shares to be classified or reclassified are issued and outstanding or unissued and whether such Shares constitute part or all of the Shares of such Series or Class), to issue Shares to acquire other assets (including assets subject to, and in connection with, the assumption of liabilities), and to take such other action with respect to the Shares as the Trustees may deem desirable. The establishment and designation of any Series or Class (other than those existing as of the date hereof) shall be effective upon the adoption of a resolution by a majority of the Trustees setting forth such establishment and designation and the relative rights and preferences of the Shares of such Series (or Classes), whether directly in such resolution or by reference to, or approval of, another document that sets forth such relative rights and preferences of such Series (or Class) including, without limitation, any Registration Statement, or as otherwise provided in such resolution. Upon the establishment of any such Series (or Class), the books and records of the Trust shall be amended to reflect the addition of such Series (or Class) thereto; provided that amendment of the Trusts books and records shall not be a condition precedent to the establishment of any Series (or Class) in accordance with this Trust Instrument. A Series may issue any number of Shares, but need not issue Shares. At any time that there are no Shares outstanding of any particular Series (or Class) previously established and designated, the Trustees may by a majority vote abolish that Series (or Class) and the establishment and designation thereof, and, in connection with such abolishment, the books and records of the Trust shall be amended to reflect the removal of such Series (or Class) therefrom; provided that amendment of the Trusts books and records shall not be a condition precedent to the abolishment of any Series (or Class) in accordance with this Trust Instrument.
All references to Shares in this Trust Instrument shall be deemed to be Shares of any or all Series or Classes as the context may require. All provisions herein relating to the Trust shall apply equally to each Series and Class of the Trust, except as the context otherwise requires. The Trustees are authorized to cause the Trust to issue Shares in the Trust and, upon any such issuance,
to the extent applicable, all references to Shares in this Trust Instrument (including all provisions relating to the issuance of Shares) shall apply to Shares of the Trust and all references to Series in this Trust Instrument shall apply to the Trust.
Each Share of a Series of the Trust shall represent an equal beneficial interest in the net assets of such Series. Each holder of Shares of a Series shall be entitled to receive his proportionate share of all distributions made with respect to such Series, based upon the number of full and fractional Shares of the Series held. Upon redemption of his Shares, such Shareholder shall be paid solely out of the funds and property of such Series of the Trust. Ownership of Shares shall not make the Shareholders third-party beneficiaries of any contract entered into by the Trust.
Section 2.07 Investment in the Trust .
The Trustees shall accept investments in any Series from such persons and on such terms as they may from time to time authorize. At the Trustees discretion, such investments, subject to applicable law, may be in the form of cash or securities in which the affected Series is authorized to invest, valued as provided in Article IX Section 9.03 hereof. Investments in a Series shall be credited to each Shareholders account in the form of full and fractional Shares at the net asset value per Share next determined after the investment is received or accepted as may be determined by the Trustees; provided, however, that the Trustees may, in their sole discretion, (a) fix minimum amounts for initial and subsequent investments or (b) impose a sales charge upon investments in such manner and at such time determined by the Trustees.
Section 2.08 Assets and Liabilities of Series .
All consideration received by the Trust for the issue or sale of Shares of a particular Series, together with all assets in which such consideration is invested or reinvested, all income, earnings, profits, and proceeds thereof including any proceeds derived from the sale, exchange or liquidation of such assets, and any funds or payments derived from any reinvestment of such proceeds in whatever form the same may be, shall be held and accounted for separately from the other assets of the Trust and of every other Series and any assets, income, earnings, profits or funds, or payments and proceeds with respect thereto of the Trust not allocated to such Series and may be referred to herein as assets belonging to that Series. The assets belonging to a particular Series shall belong to that Series for all purposes, and to no other Series, and shall be subject only to the rights of creditors of that Series. In addition, any assets, income, earnings, profits or funds, or payments and proceeds with respect thereto, which are not readily identifiable as belonging to any particular Series shall be allocated by the Trustees between and among one or more of the Series in such manner as the Trustees, in their sole discretion, deem fair and equitable. Each such allocation shall be conclusive and binding upon the Shareholders of all Series for all purposes, and such assets, income, earnings, profits or funds, or payments and proceeds with respect thereto shall be assets belonging to that Series. The assets belonging to a particular Series shall be so recorded upon the books of the Trust, and shall be held by the Trustees in trust for the benefit of the holders of Shares of that Series, and separate and distinct records shall be maintained for each Series. The assets belonging to each particular Series shall be charged with the liabilities of that Series and all expenses, costs, charges and reserves attributable to that Series. Any general liabilities, expenses, costs, charges or reserves of the Trust which are not readily identifiable as belonging to any particular Series shall be allocated and charged by the Trustees between or among any one or more
of the Series in such manner as the Trustees in their sole discretion deem fair and equitable. Each such allocation shall be conclusive and binding upon the Shareholders of all Series for all purposes. Without limitation of the foregoing provisions of this Section 2.08, but subject to the right of the Trustees in their discretion to allocate general liabilities, expenses, costs, changes or reserves as herein provided, the debts, liabilities, obligations and expenses incurred, contracted for or otherwise existing with respect to a particular Series shall be enforceable against the assets of such Series only, and not against the assets of the Trust generally or of any other Series and none of the debts, liabilities, obligations and expenses incurred, contracted for or otherwise existing with respect to the Trust generally or any other Series thereof shall be enforceable against the assets of such Series. Notice of this contractual limitation on inter-Series liabilities may, in the Trustees sole discretion, be set forth in the Certificate of Trust (whether originally or by amendment), and upon the giving of such notice in the Certificate of Trust, the statutory provisions of Section 3804 of the Delaware Act relating to limitations on inter-Series liabilities (and the statutory effect under Section 3804 of setting forth such notice in the Certificate of Trust) shall become applicable to the Trust and each Series. Any person extending credit to, contracting with or having any claim against any Series may look only to the assets of that Series to satisfy or enforce any debt, with respect to that Series. No Shareholder or former Shareholder of any Series shall have a claim on or any right to any assets allocated or belonging to any other Series.
Section 2.09 No Preemptive Rights .
Shareholders shall have no preemptive or other right to subscribe to any additional Shares or other securities issued by the Trust or the Trustees, whether of the same or other Series.
Section 2.10 No Personal Liability of Shareholder .
Except to the extent otherwise provided in this Trust Instrument, the Shareholders shall be entitled to the same limitation of personal liability extended to stockholders of a private corporation for profit organized under the general corporation law of the State of Delaware. To the fullest extent permitted by law, no Shareholder shall be personally liable for the debts, liabilities, obligations and expenses incurred by, contracted for, or otherwise existing with respect to, the Trust or by or on behalf of any Series. The Trustees shall have no power to bind any Shareholder personally or to call upon any Shareholder for the payment of any sum of money or assessment whatsoever other than such as the Shareholder may at any time personally agree to pay by way of subscription for any Shares or otherwise.
Section 2.11 Combination of Series and Classes .
The Trustees shall have the authority, without the approval of the Shareholders of any Series or Class unless otherwise required by applicable law, to combine the assets and liabilities held with respect to any two or more Series or Classes into assets and liabilities held with respect to a single Series or Class.
Section 2.12 Division of Series and Classes .
The Trustees shall have the authority, without the approval of the Shareholders of any Series or Class unless otherwise required by applicable federal law, to divide the assets and liabilities held with respect to any Series or Class into assets and liabilities held with respect to an
additional one or more Series or Classes and in connection therewith to cause some or all of the Shareholders of such Series or Class to be admitted as Shareholders of such additional one or more Series or Classes.
ARTICLE III
THE TRUSTEES
Section 3.01 Management of the Trust .
The Trustees shall have exclusive and absolute control over the Trust Property and over the business of the Trust to the same extent as if the Trustees were the sole owners of the Trust Property and business in their own right, but with such powers of delegation as may be permitted by this Trust Instrument. The Trustees shall have power to conduct the business of the Trust and carry on its operations in any and all of its branches and maintain offices both within and without the State of Delaware, in any and all states of the United States of America, in the District of Columbia, in any and all commonwealths, territories, dependencies, colonies, or possessions of the United States of America, and in any foreign jurisdiction and to do all such other things and execute all such contracts and instruments as they deem necessary, proper or desirable in order to promote the interests of the Trust although such things are not herein specifically mentioned. Any determination as to what is in the interests of the Trust made by the Trustees in good faith shall be conclusive. In construing the provisions of this Trust Instrument, the presumption shall be in favor of a grant of power to the Trustees.
The enumeration of any specific power in this Trust Instrument shall not be construed as limiting the aforesaid power. The powers of the Trustees may be exercised without order of or resort to any court.
Except for the Trustees named herein or appointed to fill vacancies pursuant to Section 3.04 of this Article III, the Trustees shall be elected by the Shareholders of record owning a plurality of the Shares voting at a meeting of Shareholders. Any Shareholder meeting held for such purpose shall be held on a date fixed by the Trustees. In the event that less than a majority of the Trustees holding office have been elected by Shareholders, the Trustees then in office will call a Shareholders meeting for the election of Trustees in accordance with the provisions of the 1940 Act. In the event that after the proxy material has been printed for a meeting of Shareholders at which Trustees are to be elected any one or more nominees named in such proxy material dies or becomes incapacitated or is otherwise unable or unwilling to serve, the authorized number of Trustees shall be automatically reduced by the number of such nominees, unless the Trustees prior to the meeting shall otherwise determine.
Section 3.02 Initial Trustees .
The initial Trustees shall be the persons named in the Original Trust Instrument.
Section 3.03 Term of Office .
The Trustees shall hold office during the lifetime of this Trust, and until its termination as herein provided; except (a) that any Trustee may resign his trust by written instrument signed by him and delivered to the other Trustees, which shall take effect upon such delivery or upon such
later date as is specified therein; (b) that any Trustee may be removed at any time, with or without cause, by written instrument, signed by at least two-thirds of the number of Trustees prior to such removal specifying the date when such removal shall become effective; (c) that any Trustee who requests in writing to be retired or who has died, becomes physically or mentally incapacitated by reason of illness or otherwise, or is otherwise unable to serve, may be retired by written instrument signed by a majority of the other Trustees, specifying the date of his retirement; and (d) that a Trustee may be removed, with or without cause, at any meeting of the Shareholders of the Trust by a vote of Shareholders owning at least two-thirds of the Outstanding Shares of the Trust. Except to the extent expressly provided in a written agreement with the Trust, no Trustee resigning, removed or retired shall have any right to any compensation for any period following the effective date of his or her resignation, removal or retirement, or any right to damages on account of such removal or retirement.
Section 3.04 Vacancies and Appointments .
In case of a Trustees declination to serve, death, resignation, retirement, removal, physical or mental incapacity by reason of illness, disease or otherwise, or if a Trustee is otherwise unable to serve, or if there is an increase in the number of Trustees, a vacancy shall occur. Whenever a vacancy in the Board of Trustees shall occur, until such vacancy is filled, the other Trustees shall have all the powers hereunder and the certificate of the other Trustees of such vacancy shall be conclusive. In the case of a vacancy, the remaining Trustees shall fill such vacancy by appointing such other person as they in their discretion see fit, to the extent consistent with the limitations provided under the 1940 Act. Such appointment shall be evidenced by a written instrument signed by a majority of the Trustees in office or by resolution of the Trustees, duly adopted, which shall be recorded in the minutes of a meeting of the Trustees, whereupon the appointment shall take effect.
An appointment of a Trustee may be made by the Trustees then in office in anticipation of a vacancy to occur by reason of retirement, resignation or increase in number of Trustees effective at a later date, provided that said appointment shall become effective only at or after the effective date of said retirement, resignation or increase in number of Trustees. As soon as any person appointed as a Trustee pursuant to this Section 3.04 shall have accepted this Trust, the trust estate shall vest in the new Trustee or Trustees, together with the continuing Trustees, without any further act or conveyance, and such person shall be deemed a Trustee.
Section 3.05 Temporary Absence .
Any Trustee may, by power of attorney, delegate his power for a period not exceeding six months at any time to any other Trustee or Trustees, provided that in no case shall fewer than two Trustees personally exercise the other powers hereunder except as herein otherwise expressly provided.
Section 3.06 Number of Trustees .
The number of Trustees shall be such number as shall be fixed from time to time by a majority of the Trustees, provided, however, that the number of Trustees shall in no event be less than two (2).
Section 3.07 Effect of Ending of a Trustees Service .
The declination to serve, death, resignation, retirement, removal, incapacity, or inability to serve of the Trustees, or any one of them, shall not operate to terminate the Trust or to revoke any existing agency created pursuant to the terms of this Trust Instrument.
Section 3.08 Ownership of Assets of the Trust .
The assets of the Trust and of each Series shall be held separate and apart from any assets now or hereafter held in any capacity other than as Trustee hereunder by the Trustees or any successor Trustees. Legal title in all of the assets of the Trust and the right to conduct any business shall at all times be considered as vested in the Trust, except that the Trustees may cause legal title to any Trust Property to be held by, or in the name of, one or more of the Trustees or in the name of any person as nominee. No Shareholder shall be deemed to have a severable ownership in any individual asset of the Trust or of any Series or any right of partition or possession thereof but each Shareholder shall have, except as otherwise provided for herein, a proportionate undivided beneficial interest in the Trust or Series based upon the number of Shares owned. The Shares shall be personal property giving only the rights specifically set forth in this Trust Instrument. Every Shareholder by virtue of having become a Shareholder shall be bound by the terms hereof. The death, incapacity, dissolution, termination, or bankruptcy of a Shareholder during the existence of the Trust shall not operate to terminate the Trust, nor entitle the representative of any such Shareholder to an accounting or to take any action in court or elsewhere against the Trust or the Trustees, but shall entitle such representative only to the rights of such Shareholder under this Trust. Neither the Trust nor the Trustees, nor any officer, employee, or agent of the Trust shall have any power to bind personally any Shareholder, nor, except as specifically provided herein, to call upon any Shareholder for the payment of any sum of money or assessment whatsoever other than such as the Shareholder may at any time personally agree to pay. The right, title and interest of the Trustees in the Trust Property shall vest automatically in each person who may hereafter become a Trustee. Upon the declination to serve, death, resignation, retirement, removal, incapacity or inability to serve of a Trustee, he or she shall automatically cease to have any right, title or interest in any of the Trust Property, and the right, title and interest of such Trustee in the Trust Property shall vest automatically in the remaining Trustees. Such vesting and cessation of title shall be effective whether or not conveyancing documents have been executed and delivered.
Section 3.09 Compensation .
The Trustees as such shall be entitled to reasonable compensation from the Trust, and the Trustees may fix the amount of such compensation. Nothing herein shall in any way prevent the employment of any Trustee for advisory, management, legal, accounting, investment banking or other services and payment for the same by the Trust.
ARTICLE IV
POWERS OF THE TRUSTEES
Section 4.01 Powers .
The Trustees in all instances shall act as principals, and are and shall be free from the control of the Shareholders. The Trustees shall have full power and authority to do any and all
acts and to make and execute any and all contracts and instruments that they may consider necessary or appropriate in connection with the management of the Trust. The Trustees shall not in any way be bound or limited by present or future laws or customs in regard to trust investments, but shall have full authority and power to make any and all investments which they, in their sole discretion, shall deem proper to accomplish the purpose of this Trust without recourse to any court or other authority. Subject to any applicable limitation in this Trust Instrument or the Bylaws of the Trust, and without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Trustees shall have the power and authority to cause the Trust (or to act on behalf of the Trust):
(a) To invest and reinvest cash and other property (including investment, notwithstanding any other provision hereof, of all of the assets of any Series in a single open-end investment company, including investment by means of transfer of such assets in exchange for an interest or interests in such investment company), and to hold cash or other property of the Trust uninvested, without in any event being bound or limited by any present or future law or custom in regard to investments by trustees, and to sell, exchange, lend, pledge, mortgage, hypothecate, write options on and lease any or all of the assets of the Trust:
(b) To operate as and carry on the business of an investment company, and exercise all the powers necessary and appropriate to the conduct of such operations;
(c) To borrow money and in this connection issue notes or other evidence of indebtedness; to endorse, guarantee, or undertake the performance of an obligation or engagement of any other person and to lend Trust Property; and to secure borrowings, endorsements, guarantees and other undertakings by mortgaging, pledging or otherwise subjecting as security the Trust Property;
(d) To provide for the distribution of interests of the Trust either through a principal underwriter in the manner hereinafter provided for or by the Trust itself, or both, or otherwise pursuant to a plan of distribution of any kind;
(e) To adopt Bylaws not inconsistent with this Trust Instrument providing for the conduct of the business of the Trust and to amend and repeal them to the extent that they do not reserve that right to the Shareholders; such Bylaws shall be deemed incorporated and included in this Trust Instrument;
(f) To elect and remove such officers and appoint and terminate such agents, in each case with or without cause, as they consider appropriate;
(g) To employ one or more banks, trust companies or companies that are members of a national securities exchange or such other entities as the Commission may permit as custodians of any assets of the Trust subject to any conditions set forth in this Trust Instrument or in the Bylaws;
(h) To retain one or more transfer agents and shareholder servicing agents, or both;
(i) To set record dates in the manner provided herein or in the Bylaws;
(j) To delegate such authority as they consider desirable to any officers of the Trust or to any investment adviser, manager, custodian, underwriter or other agent or independent contractor;
(k) To sell or exchange any or all of the assets of the Trust, subject to the provisions of Article XI, subsection 11.04(b) hereof;
(l) To vote or give assent, or exercise any rights of ownership, with respect to stock or other securities or property, and to execute and deliver powers of attorney to such person or persons as the Trustees shall deem proper, granting to such person or persons such power and discretion with relation to securities or property as the Trustees shall deem proper;
(m) To exercise powers and rights of subscription or otherwise which in any manner arise out of ownership of securities;
(n) To hold any security or property in a form not indicating any trust, whether in bearer, book entry, unregistered or other negotiable form; or either in the name of the Trust or in the name of a custodian or a nominee or nominees, subject in either case to proper safeguards according to the usual practice of Delaware statutory trusts or investment companies;
(o) To establish separate and distinct Series with separately defined investment objectives and policies and distinct investment purposes in accordance with the provisions of Article II hereof and to establish Classes of such Series having relative rights, powers and duties as they may provide consistent with applicable law;
(p) Subject to the provisions of Sections 3804 and 3806 of the Delaware Act, to allocate assets, liabilities and expenses of the Trust to a particular Series or to apportion the same between or among two or more Series, provided that any liabilities or expenses incurred by a particular Series shall be payable solely out of the assets belonging to that Series as provided for in Article II hereof;
(q) To consent to or participate in any plan for the reorganization, consolidation or merger of any corporation or concern, any security of which is held in the Trust; to consent to any contract, lease, mortgage, purchase, or sale of property by such corporation or concern, and to pay calls or subscriptions with respect to any security held in the Trust;
(r) To compromise, arbitrate, or otherwise adjust claims in favor of or against the Trust or any matter in controversy including, but not limited to, claims for taxes;
(s) To make distributions of income and of capital gains to Shareholders in the manner provided herein;
(t) To establish, from time to time, a minimum investment for Shareholders in the Trust or in one or more Series or Class, and to require the redemption of the Shares of any Shareholders whose investment is less than such minimum upon giving notice to such Shareholder or for any other reason as provided by the Trustees or this Trust Instrument;
(u) To establish one or more committees, to delegate any of the powers of the Trustees to said committees and to adopt a committee charter providing for such responsibilities, membership (including Trustees, officers or other agents of the Trust therein) and any other characteristics of said committees as the Trustees may deem proper. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Article IV, and in addition to such provisions or any other provision of this Trust Instrument or of the Bylaws, the Trustees may by resolution appoint a committee consisting of less than the whole number of Trustees then in office, which committee may be empowered to act for and bind the Trustees and the Trust, as if the acts of such committee were the acts of all the Trustees then in office, with respect to the institution, prosecution, dismissal, settlement, review or investigation of any action, suit or proceeding which shall be pending or threatened to be brought before any court, administrative agency or other adjudicatory body;
(v) To interpret the investment policies, practices or limitations of any Series;
(w) To establish a registered office and have a registered agent in the state of Delaware;
(x) To invest part or all of the Trust Property (or part or all of the assets of any Series), or to dispose of part or all of the Trust Property (or part or all of the assets of any Series) and invest the proceeds of such disposition, in securities issued by one or more other investment companies registered under the 1940 Act (including investment by means of transfer of part or all of the Trust Property in exchange for an interest or interests in such one or more investment companies) all without any requirement of approval by Shareholders unless required by the 1940 Act. Any such other investment company may (but need not) be a trust (formed under the laws of the State of Delaware or of any other state) which is classified as a partnership for federal income tax purposes; and
(y) In general to carry on any other business in connection with or incidental to any of the foregoing powers, to do everything necessary, suitable or proper for the accomplishment of any purpose or the attainment of any object or the furtherance of any power hereinbefore set forth, either alone or in association with others, and to do every other act or thing incidental or appurtenant to or growing out of or connected with the aforesaid business or purposes, objects or powers.
The foregoing clauses shall be construed as objects and powers, and the foregoing enumeration of specific powers shall not be held to limit or restrict in any manner the general powers of the Trustees. Any action by one or more of the Trustees in their capacity as such hereunder shall be deemed an action on behalf of the Trust or the applicable Series, and not an action in an individual capacity.
The Trustees shall not be limited to investing in obligations maturing before the possible termination of the Trust.
No one dealing with the Trustees shall be under any obligation to make any inquiry concerning the authority of the Trustees, or to see the application of any payments made or property transferred to the Trustees or upon their order.
Section 4.02 Issuance and Repurchase of Shares .
The Trustees shall have the power to issue, sell, repurchase, redeem, retire, cancel, acquire, hold, resell, reissue, dispose of and otherwise deal in Shares and, subject to the provisions set forth in Article II and Article IX, to apply to any such repurchase, redemption, retirement, cancellation or acquisition of Shares any funds or property of the Trust, or the particular Series of the Trust, with respect to which such Shares are issued.
Section 4.03 Trustees and Officers as Shareholders .
Any Trustee, officer or other agent of the Trust may acquire, own and dispose of Shares to the same extent as if he were not a Trustee, officer or agent; and the Trustees may issue and sell or cause to be issued and sold Shares to and buy such Shares from any such person or any firm or company in which he is interested, subject only to the general limitations herein contained as to the sale and purchase of such Shares; and all subject to any restrictions which may be contained in the Bylaws.
Section 4.04 Action by the Trustees .
In any action taken by the Trustees hereunder, unless otherwise specified, the Trustees shall act by majority vote at a meeting (including a telephone meeting) duly called, provided a quorum of Trustees participate, or by written consent of a majority of the Trustees (or such higher number of Trustees as would be required to act on the matter if a meeting were held at which all Trustees were present and voted) without a meeting, unless the 1940 Act requires that a particular action be taken only at a meeting at which the Trustees are present in person. At any meeting of the Trustees, a majority of the Trustees shall constitute a quorum. Meetings of the Trustees may be called orally or in writing by the Chairman of the Board of Trustees or by any two other Trustees. Notice of the time, date and place of all meetings of the Trustees shall be given by the person calling the meeting or by the secretary or assistant secretary of the Trust to each Trustee by telephone, facsimile or other electronic mechanism sent to his home or business address at least twenty-four hours in advance of the meeting or by written notice mailed to his home or business address at least seventy-two hours in advance of the meeting. Such notice may be waived by any Trustee. A notice of waiver need not specify the purpose of any meeting. Notice need not be given to any Trustee who attends the meeting without objecting prior thereto to the lack of notice or who executes a written waiver of notice with respect to the meeting. Any meeting conducted by telephone shall be deemed to take place at the principal office of the Trust, as determined by the Bylaws or by the Trustees. Subject to the requirements of the 1940 Act, the Trustees by majority vote may delegate to any one or more of their number the authority to approve particular matters or take particular actions on behalf of the Trust. Written consents or waivers of the Trustees may be executed in one or more counterparts. Execution of a written consent or waiver and delivery thereof to the Trust may be accomplished by facsimile or other electronic mechanism.
Section 4.05 Chairman of the Board of Trustees .
The Trustees shall appoint one of their number to be Chairman of the Board of Trustees. The Chairman shall preside at all meetings of the Trustees, shall be responsible for the execution of policies established by the Trustees and the administration of the Trust, and may be (but is not required to be) the chief executive, financial and/or accounting officer of the Trust.
Section 4.06 Principal Transactions .
Except to the extent prohibited by applicable law, the Trustees may, on behalf of the Trust, buy any securities from or sell any securities to, or lend any assets of the Trust to, any Trustee or officer of the Trust or any firm of which any such Trustee or officer is a member acting as principal, or have any such dealings with any investment adviser, administrator, distributor or transfer agent for the Trust or with any interested person of such person; and the Trust may employ any such person, or firm or company in which such person is an interested person, as broker, legal counsel, registrar, investment adviser, administrator, distributor, transfer agent, dividend disbursing agent, custodian or in any other capacity upon customary terms.
Section 4.07 Small Accounts .
The Trustees or their authorized agents may establish, from time to time, one or more minimum investment amounts for Shareholder accounts, which may differ within and among any Series or Class, and may impose account fees on (which may be satisfied by involuntarily redeeming the requisite number of Shares in any such account in the amount of such fee), and/or require the involuntary redemption of Shares held in, those accounts the net asset value of which for any reason falls below such established minimum investment amounts, or may authorize the Trust to convert any such Shares in such account to Shares of another Series or Class (whether of the same or a different Series), or take any other such action with respect to minimum investment amounts as may be deemed necessary or appropriate by the Trustees or their authorized agents, in each case upon such terms as shall be established by the Trustees or their authorized agents.
Section 4.08 Determinations by Trustees .
The Trustees may make any determinations they deem necessary with respect to the provisions of this Trust Instrument, including the following matters: the amount of the assets, obligations, liabilities and expenses of the Trust or any Series or Class thereof; the amount of the net income of the Trust or any Series or Class thereof from dividends, capital gains, interest or other sources for any period and the amount of assets at any time legally available for the payment of dividends or distributions; the amount, purpose, time of creation, increase or decrease, alteration or cancellation of any reserves or charges and the propriety thereof (whether or not any obligation or liability for which such reserves or charges were created shall have been paid or discharged); the market value, or any other price to be applied in determining the market value, or the fair value, of any security or other asset owned or held by any Series or Class; and the number of Shares of any Series or Class issued or issuable.
Section 4.09 Delegation by Trustees .
Subject only to any limitations required by federal law including the 1940 Act, the Trustees may delegate any and all powers and authority hereunder as they consider desirable to any officer of the Trust, to any committee of the Trustees, any committee composed of Trustees and other persons and any committee composed only of Persons other than Trustees and to any agent, independent contractor or employee of the Trust or to any custodian, administrator, transfer or shareholder servicing agent, manager, investment advisor or sub-advisor, Principal Underwriter or other service provider. Any such delegation of power or authority by the Trustees shall not
cause any Trustee to cease to be a Trustee of the Trust or cause such person, officer, agent, employee, custodian, transfer or shareholder servicing agent, manager, Principal Underwriter or other service provider to whom any power or authority has been delegated to be a Trustee of the Trust. The reference in this Trust Instrument to the right of the Trustees to, or circumstances under which they may, delegate any power or authority, or the reference in this Trust Instrument to the authorized agents of the Trustees or any other person or entity to whom any power or authority has been or may be delegated pursuant to any specific provision of this Trust Instrument, shall not limit the authority of the Trustees to delegate any other power or authority under this Trust Instrument to any person or entity, subject only to any limitations under federal law including the 1940 Act.
Section 4.10 Advisory Trustees .
The Trustees may from time-to-time appoint one or more individuals to serve as advisory trustees, which may include, but are not limited to, members of an advisory board, as such term is defined in Section 2(a)(1) of the 1940 Act (each, an Advisory Trustee). An individual shall be eligible to serve as an Advisory Trustee only if that individual meets the requirements to be a non-interested trustee under the 1940 Act and does not otherwise serve the Trust in any other capacity. Any Advisory Trustee shall serve at the pleasure of the Trustees and may be removed, at any time, with or without cause, by the Trustees. Any Advisory Trustee may resign at any time. Advisory Trustees shall perform solely advisory functions. Advisory Trustees shall not be considered Trustees of the Trust. Unless otherwise specified by the Trustees, Advisory Trustees shall be invited to attend meetings of the Board of Trustees and all committees thereof. Advisory Trustees shall participate in meeting discussions but shall not have a vote upon any matter presented to the Board of Trustees or any committee thereof and shall not be counted toward a quorum for a meeting. An Advisory Trustee shall have no power or authority to act on behalf of or to bind the Trustees or any committee thereof. Advisory Trustees may be assigned other responsibilities from time-to-time by the Trustees, but only to the extent that such responsibilities are advisory in nature and consistent with Section 2(a)(1) of the 1940 Act. Advisory Trustees shall be entitled to such compensation (if any) as determined from time to time by the Trustees. Advisory Trustees shall not have any responsibilities or be subject to any liabilities imposed upon Trustees by law or otherwise. Advisory Trustees shall be entitled to the same rights to limitation of liability, indemnification and advancement of expenses to which a Trustee is entitled under Article V and Sections 10.01 and 10.02.
ARTICLE V
EXPENSES OF THE TRUST
Subject to the provisions of Article II, Section 2.08 hereof, the Trustees shall be reimbursed from the Trust estate or the assets belonging to the appropriate Series for their expenses and disbursements, including, without limitation, interest charges, taxes, brokerage fees and commissions; expenses of issue, repurchase and redemption of Shares; certain insurance premiums; applicable fees, interest charges and expenses of third parties, including the Trusts investment advisers, managers, administrators, distributors, custodians, transfer agent and fund accountant; fees of pricing, interest, dividend, credit and other reporting services; costs of membership in trade associations; telecommunications expenses; funds transmission expenses; auditing, legal and compliance expenses; costs of forming the Trust and maintaining its existence;
costs of preparing and printing the Trusts prospectuses, statements of additional information and shareholder reports and delivering them to existing Shareholders; expenses of meetings of Shareholders and proxy solicitations therefor; costs of maintaining books and accounts; costs of reproduction, stationery and supplies; fees and expenses of the Trustees; compensation of the Trusts officers and employees and costs of other personnel performing services for the Trust; costs of Trustee meetings; Commission registration fees and related expenses; state or foreign securities laws registration fees and related expenses and for such non-recurring items as may arise, including litigation to which the Trust (or a Trustee acting as such) is a party, and for all losses and liabilities by them incurred in administering the Trust, and for the payment of such expenses, disbursements, losses and liabilities, the Trustees shall have a lien on the assets belonging to the appropriate Series, or in the case of an expense allocable to more than one Series, on the assets of each such Series, prior to any rights or interests of the Shareholders thereto. This Section shall not preclude the Trust from directly paying any of the aforementioned fees and expenses.
The Trustees shall have the power, as frequently as they may determine, to cause each Shareholder, or each Shareholder of any particular Series or Class, to pay directly, in advance or arrears, expenses of the Trust as described in this Article V (Expenses), in an amount fixed from time to time by the Trustees, by setting off such Expenses due from such Shareholder from declared but unpaid dividends owed such Shareholder and/or by reducing the number of Shares in the account of such Shareholder by that number of full and/or fractional Shares which represents the outstanding amount of such Expenses due from such Shareholder, provided that the direct payment of such Expenses by Shareholders is permitted under applicable law.
ARTICLE VI
INVESTMENT ADVISER, PRINCIPAL UNDERWRITER,
ADMINISTRATOR AND TRANSFER AGENT
Section 6.01 Investment Adviser .
(a) The Trustees may in their discretion, from time to time, enter into an investment advisory contract or contracts with respect to the Trust or any Series whereby the other party or parties to such contract or contracts shall undertake to furnish the Trustees with such investment advisory, statistical and research facilities and services and such other facilities and services, if any, all upon such terms and conditions (including any Shareholder vote) that may be required under the 1940 Act, as may be prescribed in the Bylaws, or as the Trustees may in their discretion determine (such terms and conditions not to be inconsistent with the provisions of this Trust Instrument or of the Bylaws). Notwithstanding any other provision of this Trust Instrument, the Trustees may authorize any investment adviser (subject to such general or specific instructions as the Trustees may from time to time adopt) to effect purchases, sales or exchanges of portfolio securities, other investment instruments of the Trust, or other Trust Property on behalf of the Trustees, or may authorize any officer, agent, or Trustee to effect such purchases, sales or exchanges pursuant to recommendations of the investment adviser (and all without further action by the Trustees). Any such purchases, sales and exchanges shall be deemed to have been authorized by all of the Trustees.
(b) The Trustees may authorize the investment adviser to employ, from time to time, one or more sub-advisers to perform such of the acts and services of the investment adviser, and upon such terms and conditions, as may be agreed upon between the investment adviser and subadviser (such terms and conditions not to be inconsistent with the provisions of this Trust Instrument or of the Bylaws). Any reference in this Trust Instrument to the investment adviser shall be deemed to include such sub-advisers, unless the context otherwise requires; provided that no Shareholder approval shall be required with respect to any sub-adviser unless required under the 1940 Act or other law, contract or order applicable to the Trust.
Section 6.02 Principal Underwriter .
The Trustees may in their discretion from time to time enter into an exclusive or non-exclusive underwriting contract or contracts providing for the sale of Shares, whereby the Trust may either agree to sell Shares to the other party to the contract or appoint such other party its sales agent for such Shares. In either case, the contract shall be on such terms and conditions as may be prescribed in the Bylaws and as the Trustees may in their discretion determine (such terms and conditions not to be inconsistent with the provisions of this Trust Instrument or of the Bylaws); and such contract may also provide for the repurchase or sale of Shares by such other party as principal or as agent of the Trust.
Section 6.03 Administration .
The Trustees may in their discretion from time to time enter into one or more management or administrative contracts whereby the other party or parties shall undertake to furnish the Trustees with management or administrative services. The contract or contracts shall be on such terms and conditions as may be prescribed in the Bylaws and as the Trustees may in their discretion determine (such terms and conditions not to be inconsistent with the provisions of this Trust Instrument or of the Bylaws).
Section 6.04 Transfer Agent .
The Trustees may in their discretion from time to time enter into one or more transfer agency and shareholder service contracts whereby the other party or parties shall undertake to furnish the Trustees with transfer agency and shareholder services. The contract or contracts shall be on such terms and conditions as may be prescribed in the Bylaws and as the Trustees may in their discretion determine (such terms and conditions not to be inconsistent with the provisions of this Trust Instrument or of the Bylaws).
Section 6.05 Parties to Contract .
Any contract of the character described in Sections 6.01, 6.02, 6.03 and 6.04 of this Article VI or any contract of the character described in Article VIII hereof may be entered into with any corporation, firm, partnership, trust, limited liability company or association, although one or more of the Trustees or officers of the Trust may be an officer, director, trustee, shareholder, or member of such other party to the contract, and no such contract shall be invalidated or rendered void or voidable by reason of the existence of any relationship, nor shall any person holding such relationship be disqualified from voting on or executing the same in his capacity as Shareholder and/or Trustee, nor shall any person holding such relationship be liable merely by reason of such
relationship for any loss or expense to the Trust under or by reason of said contract or accountable for any profit realized directly or indirectly therefrom, provided that the contract when entered into was not inconsistent with the provisions of this Article VI or Article VIII hereof or of the Bylaws. The same person (including a corporation, firm, partnership, trust, limited liability company or association) may be the other party to contracts entered into pursuant to Sections 6.01, 6.02, 6.03 and 6.04 of this Article VI or pursuant to Article VIII hereof and any individual may be financially interested or otherwise affiliated with persons who are parties to any or all of the contracts mentioned in this Section 6.05.
Section 6.06 Provisions and Amendments .
Any contract entered into pursuant to Section 6.01 or 6.02 of this Article VI shall be consistent with and subject to the requirements of Section 15 of the 1940 Act, if applicable, or other applicable Act of Congress hereafter enacted with respect to its continuance in effect, its termination, and the method of authorization and approval of such contract or renewal thereof, and no amendment to any contract entered into pursuant to Section 6.01 or 6.02 of this Article VI shall be effective unless assented to in a manner consistent with the requirements of said Section 15, as modified by any applicable rule, regulation or order of the Commission.
ARTICLE VII
SHAREHOLDERS VOTING POWERS AND MEETINGS
Section 7.01 Voting Powers .
(a) The Shareholders shall have power to vote only (a) for the election of Trustees to the extent provided in Article III, Section 3.01 hereof, (b) for the removal of Trustees to the extent provided in Article III, Section 3.03(d) hereof, (c) with respect to any investment advisory contract to the extent provided in Article VI, Section 6.01 hereof, (d) with respect to an amendment of this Trust Instrument, to the extent provided in Article XI, Section 11.09, and (e) with respect to such additional matters relating to the Trust as may be required by law, by this Trust Instrument, or any registration of the Trust with the Commission or any State, or as the Trustees may consider desirable.
(b) Notwithstanding paragraph (a) of this Section 7.01 or any other provision of this Trust Instrument (including the Bylaws) which would by its terms provide for or require a vote of Shareholders, the Trustees may take action without a Shareholder vote if (i) the Trustees shall have obtained an opinion of counsel that a vote or approval of such action by Shareholders is not required under (A) the 1940 Act or any other applicable laws, or (B) any registrations, undertakings or agreements of the Trust known to such counsel, and (ii) if the Trustees determine that the taking of such action without a Shareholder vote would be consistent with the best interests of the Shareholders (considered as a group).
(c) On any matter submitted to a vote of the Shareholders, all Shares shall be voted separately by individual Series, and whenever the Trustees determine that the matter affects only certain Series, may be submitted for a vote by only such Series, except (i) when required by the 1940 Act, Shares shall be voted in the aggregate and not by individual Series; and (ii) when the
Trustees have determined that the matter affects the interests of more than one Series and that voting by shareholders of all Series would be consistent with the 1940 Act, then the Shareholders of all such Series shall be entitled to vote thereon (either by individual Series or by Shares voted in the aggregate, as the Trustees in their discretion may determine). The Trustees may also determine that a matter affects only the interests of one or more Classes, in which case (or if required under the 1940 Act) such matter shall be voted on by such Class or Classes. Each as determined by the Trustees without the vote or consent of Shareholders (except as required by the 1940 Act), on any matter submitted to a vote of Shareholders, either (i) each whole Share shall be entitled to one vote as to any matter on which it is entitled to vote, and each fractional Share shall be entitled to a proportionate fractional vote or (ii) each dollar of Net Asset Value (number of Shares owned times Net Asset Value per share of such Series or Class, as applicable) shall be entitled to one vote on any matter on which such Shares are entitled to vote and each fractional dollar amount shall be entitled to a proportionate fractional vote. Without limiting the power of the Trustees in any way to designate otherwise in accordance with the preceding sentence, the Trustees hereby establish that each whole Share shall be entitled to one vote as to any matter on which it is entitled to vote and each fractional Share shall be entitled to a proportionate fractional vote. There shall be no cumulative voting in the election of Trustees. Shares may be voted in person or by proxy or in any manner provided for in the Bylaws. A proxy may be given in writing. The Bylaws may provide that proxies may also, or may instead, be given by any electronic or telecommunications device or in any other manner. Notwithstanding anything else herein or in the Bylaws, in the event a proposal by anyone other than the officers or Trustees of the Trust is submitted to a vote of the Shareholders, or in the event of any proxy contest or proxy solicitation or proposal in opposition to any proposal by the officers or Trustees of the Trust, Shares may be voted only in person or by written proxy. Until Shares are issued, the Trustees may exercise all rights of Shareholders and may take any action required or permitted by law, this Trust Instrument or any of the Bylaws of the Trust to be taken by Shareholders.
Section 7.02 Meetings .
Meetings may be held within or without the State of Delaware. Special meetings of the Shareholders of any Series may be called by the Trustees and shall be called by the Trustees upon the written request of Shareholders owning at least one tenth of the Outstanding Shares of the Trust entitled to vote. Whenever ten or more Shareholders meeting the qualifications set forth in Section 16(c) of the 1940 Act, as the same may be amended from time to time, seek the opportunity of furnishing materials to the other Shareholders with a view to obtaining signatures on such a request for a meeting, the Trustees shall comply with the provisions of said Section 16(c) with respect to providing such Shareholders access to the list of the Shareholders of record of the Trust or the mailing of such materials to such Shareholders of record, subject to any rights provided to the Trust or any Trustees provided by said Section 16(c). Notice shall be sent, by First Class Mail or such other means determined by the Trustees, at least 10 days prior to any such meeting. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section 7.02, the Trustees shall not be required to call a special meeting of the Shareholders of any Series or to provide Shareholders seeking the opportunity of furnishing the materials to other Shareholders with a view to obtaining signatures on a request for a meeting except to the extent required under the 1940 Act.
Section 7.03 Quorum and Required Vote .
One-third of Shares outstanding and entitled to vote in person or by proxy as of the record date for a Shareholders meeting shall be a quorum for the transaction of business at such Shareholders meeting, except that where any provision of law or of this Trust Instrument permits or requires that holders of any Series shall vote as a Series (or that holders of a Class shall vote as a Class), then one-third of the aggregate number of Shares of that Series (or that Class) entitled to vote shall be necessary to constitute a quorum for the transaction of business by that Series (or that Class). Prior to the date upon which any meeting of Shareholders is to be held, the Trustees may postpone such meeting one or more times for any reason by giving notice to each Shareholder entitled to vote at the meeting so postponed of the place, date and hour at which such meeting will be held. Such notice shall be given not fewer than two (2) days before the date of such meeting and otherwise in accordance with Section 7.02. Any meeting of Shareholders may be adjourned one or more times for any reason, including the failure of a quorum to be present at the meeting with respect to any proposal or the failure of any proposal to receive sufficient votes for approval, by the chairman of the meeting to another date and time, whether or not a quorum is present. A Shareholders meeting may be adjourned as to one or more proposals regardless of whether action has been taken on other matters. No notice of adjournment of a meeting to another time or place need be given to Shareholders if such time and place are announced at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken or notice is given to persons present at the meeting. Any adjourned meeting may be held at such time and place as determined by the Trustees. Any business that might have been transacted at the original meeting may be transacted at any adjourned meeting. If, after a postponement or adjournment, a new record date is fixed for the postponed or adjourned meeting, the secretary shall give notice of the postponed or adjourned meeting to Shareholders of record entitled to vote at such meeting. If a quorum is present with respect to any one or more proposals, the chairman of the meeting may, but shall not be required to, cause a vote to be taken with respect to any such proposal or proposals which vote can be certified as final and effective notwithstanding the adjournment of the meeting with respect to any other proposal or proposals. Except when a larger vote is required by law or by any provision of this Trust Instrument or the Bylaws, a majority of the Shares voted in person or by proxy shall decide any questions and a plurality shall elect a Trustee, provided that where any provision of law or of this Trust Instrument permits or requires that the holders of any Series shall vote as a Series (or that the holders of any Class shall vote as a Class), then a majority of the Shares present in person or by proxy of that Series (or Class), voted on the matter in person or by proxy shall decide that matter insofar as that Series (or Class) is concerned. Shareholders may act by unanimous written consent, to the extent not inconsistent with the 1940 Act, and any such actions taken by a Series (or Class) may be consented to unanimously in writing by Shareholders of that Series (or Class).
ARTICLE VIII
CUSTODIAN
Section 8.01 Appointment and Duties .
The Trustees shall employ a bank, a company that is a member of a national securities exchange, or a trust company, that in each case shall have capital, surplus and undivided profits of at least twenty million dollars ($20,000,000) and that is a member of the Depository Trust Company (or such other person or entity as may be permitted to act as custodian of the Trusts assets under the 1940 Act) as custodian with authority as its agent, but subject to such restrictions, limitations and other requirements, if any, as may be contained in the Bylaws of the Trust: (a) to
hold the securities owned by the Trust and deliver the same upon written order or oral order confirmed in writing; (b) to receive and receipt for any moneys due to the Trust and deposit the same in its own banking department or elsewhere as the Trustees may direct; and (c) to disburse such funds upon orders or vouchers.
The Trustees may also authorize the custodian to employ one or more sub-custodians from time to time to perform such of the acts and services of the custodian, and upon such terms and conditions, as may be agreed upon between the custodian and such sub-custodian and approved by the Trustees, provided that in every case such sub-custodian shall be a bank, a company that is a member of a national securities exchange, or a trust company organized under the laws of the United States or one of the states thereof and having capital, surplus and undivided profits of at least twenty million dollars ($20,000,000) and that is a member of the Depository Trust Company or such other person or entity as may be permitted by the Commission or is otherwise able to act as custodian of the Trusts assets in accordance with the 1940 Act.
Section 8.02 Central Certificate System .
Subject to the 1940 Act and such rules, regulations and orders as the Commission may adopt, the Trustees may direct the custodian to deposit all or any part of the securities owned by the Trust in a system for the central handling of securities established by a national securities exchange or a national securities association registered with the Commission under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or such other person as may be permitted by the Commission, or otherwise in accordance with the 1940 Act, pursuant to which system all securities of any particular class or series of any issuer deposited within the system are treated as fungible and may be transferred or pledged by bookkeeping entry without physical delivery of such securities, provided that all such deposits shall be subject to withdrawal only upon the order of the Trust or its custodians, sub-custodians or other agents.
ARTICLE IX
DISTRIBUTIONS AND REDEMPTIONS
Section 9.01 Distributions .
(a) The Trustees may from time to time declare and pay dividends or other distributions with respect to any Series and/or Class. The amount of such dividends or distributions and the payment of them and whether they are in cash or any other Trust Property shall be wholly in the discretion of the Trustees.
(b) Dividends and other distributions may be paid or made to the Shareholders of record at the time of declaring a dividend or other distribution or among the Shareholders of record at such other date or time or dates or times as the Trustees shall determine, which dividends or distributions, at the election of the Trustees, may be paid pursuant to a standing resolution or resolutions adopted only once or with such frequency as the Trustees may determine. The Trustees may adopt and offer to Shareholders such dividend reinvestment plans, cash dividend payout plans or related plans as the Trustees shall deem appropriate.
(c) Anything in this Trust Instrument to the contrary notwithstanding, the Trustees may at any time declare and distribute a stock dividend to the Shareholders of a particular Series, or Class, as of the record date of that Series fixed as provided in Subsection 9.01(b) hereof.
Section 9.02 Redemptions .
In case any holder of record of Shares of a particular Series desires to dispose of his Shares or any portion thereof he may deposit at the office of the transfer agent or other authorized agent of that Series a written request or such other form of request as the Trustees may from time to time authorize, requesting that the Series purchase the Shares in accordance with this Section 9.02; and, subject to Section 9.04 hereof, the Shareholder so requesting shall be entitled to require the Series to purchase, and the Series or the principal underwriter of the Series shall purchase his said Shares, but only at the Net Asset Value thereof (as described in Section 9.03 of this Article IX). The Series shall make payment for any such Shares to be redeemed, as aforesaid, in cash or property from the assets of that Series and, subject to Section 9.04 hereof, payment for such Shares shall be made by the Series or the principal underwriter of the Series to the Shareholder of record within seven (7) days after the date upon which the request is effective. Upon redemption, shares shall become Treasury shares and may be re-issued from time to time. To the extent permitted by law, the Trustees may retain the proceeds of any redemption of Shares required by them for payment of amounts due and owing by a Shareholder to the Trust or any Series.
Subject to applicable federal law including the 1940 Act, and unless determined otherwise by the Trustees, upon redemption, redeemed Shares shall no longer be deemed outstanding or carry any voting rights, irrespective of whether a record date for any matter on which such Shares were entitled to vote had been set on a date prior to the date on which such Shares were redeemed. The Trustees may, however, determine that Shares redeemed between the record date set for any matter on which such Shares were entitled to vote and the meeting date for such matter shall be deemed to be outstanding and retain voting rights notwithstanding such redemption, which determination may be made for any reason (including if the Trustees determine that it would not be reasonably practicable to obtain a quorum if all of the Shares redeemed after the record date for such matter and before the meeting date no longer were deemed outstanding and carried any voting rights).
Section 9.03 Determination of Net Asset Value and Valuation of Portfolio Assets .
The term Net Asset Value of any Series shall mean that amount by which the assets of that Series exceed its liabilities, all as determined by or under the direction of the Trustees. The Trustees may delegate any of their powers and duties under this Section 9.03 with respect to valuation of assets and liabilities. Such value shall be determined separately for each Series and shall be determined on such days and at such times as the Trustees may determine. Such determination shall be made with respect to securities for which market quotations are readily available, at the market value of such securities; and with respect to other securities and assets, at the fair value as determined in good faith by the Trustees; provided, however, that the Trustees, without Shareholder approval, may alter the method of valuing portfolio securities insofar as permitted under the 1940 Act. The resulting amount, which shall represent the total Net Asset Value of the particular Series, shall be divided by the total number of shares of that Series outstanding at the time and the quotient so obtained shall be the Net Asset Value per Share of that Series. At any time the Trustees may cause the Net Asset Value per Share last determined to be
determined again in similar manner and may fix the time when such redetermined value shall become effective.
The Trustees shall not be required to adopt, but may at any time adopt, discontinue or amend a practice of seeking to maintain the Net Asset Value per Share of a Series at a constant amount. If, for any reason, the net income of any Series, determined at any time, is a negative amount, the Trustees shall have the power with respect to that Series (a) to offset each Shareholders pro rata share of such negative amount from the accrued dividend account of such Shareholder, (b) to reduce the number of Outstanding Shares of such Series by reducing the number of Shares in the account of each Shareholder by a pro rata portion of that number of full and fractional Shares which represents the amount of such excess negative net income, (c) to cause to be recorded on the books of such Series an asset account in the amount of such negative net income (provided that the same shall thereupon become the property of such Series with respect to such Series and shall not be paid to any Shareholder), which account may be reduced by the amount of dividends declared thereafter upon the Outstanding Shares of such Series on the day such negative net income is experienced, until such asset account is reduced to zero; (d) to combine the methods described in clauses (a) and (b) and (c) of this sentence; or (e) to take any other action they deem appropriate, in order to cause (or in order to assist in causing) the Net Asset Value per Share of such Series to remain at a constant amount per Outstanding Share immediately after each such determination and declaration. The Trustees shall also have the power not to declare a dividend out of net income for the purpose of causing the Net Asset Value per Share to be increased.
In the event that any Series is divided into Classes, the provisions of this Section 9.03, to the extent applicable as determined in the discretion of the Trustees and consistent with the 1940 Act and other applicable law, may be equally applied to each such Class.
Section 9.04 Suspension of the Right of Redemption .
The Trustees may declare a suspension of the right of redemption or postpone the date of payment if permitted under the 1940 Act. Such suspension shall take effect at such time as the Trustees shall specify but not later than the close of business on the business day next following the declaration of suspension, and thereafter, there shall be no right of redemption or payment until the Trustees shall declare the suspension at an end. In the case of a suspension of the right of redemption, a Shareholder may either withdraw his request for redemption or receive payment based on the Net Asset Value per Share next determined after the termination of the suspension.
Section 9.05 Required Redemption of Shares .
The Trustees may require Shareholders to redeem Shares for any reason under terms set by the Trustees, including, but not limited to, (i) the determination of the Trustees that direct or indirect ownership of Shares of any Series has or may become concentrated in such Shareholder to an extent that would disqualify any Series as a regulated investment company under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (or any successor statute thereto), (ii) the failure of a Shareholder to supply a tax identification number if required to do so, or to have the minimum investment required (which may vary by Series), (iii) the failure of a Shareholder to pay when due for the purchase of Shares issued to him or (iv) the Shares owned by such Shareholder being below
the minimum investment set by the Trustees, from time to time, for investments in the Trust or in such Series or Classes, as applicable.
The holders of Shares shall upon demand disclose to the Trustees in writing such information with respect to direct and indirect ownership of Shares as the Trustees deem necessary to comply with the requirements of any taxing authority or for the Trustees to make any determination contemplated by this Section 9.05.
ARTICLE X
LIMITATION OF LIABILITY AND INDEMNIFICATION
Section 10.01 Limitation of Liability .
Neither a Trustee nor an officer of the Trust, when acting in such capacity, shall be personally liable to any person other than the Trust or the Shareholders for any act, omission or obligation of the Trust, any Trustee or any officer of the Trust. Neither a Trustee nor an officer of the Trust shall be liable for any act or omission or any conduct whatsoever in his capacity as Trustee or as an officer of the Trust, provided that nothing contained herein or in the Delaware Act shall protect any Trustee or any officer of the Trust against any liability to the Trust or to Shareholders to which he would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of the office of Trustee or officer of the Trust hereunder.
Section 10.02 Indemnification .
(a) Subject to the exceptions and limitations contained in Subsection 10.02(b):
(i) every person who is, or has been, a Trustee or officer of the Trust (hereinafter referred to as a Covered Person) shall be indemnified by the Trust to the fullest extent permitted by law against liability and against all expenses reasonably incurred or paid by him in connection with any claim, action, suit or proceeding in which he becomes involved as a party or otherwise by virtue of his being or having been a Trustee or officer and against amounts paid or incurred by him in the settlement thereof;
(ii) the words claim, action, suit, or proceeding shall apply to all claims, actions, suits or proceedings (civil, criminal or other, including appeals), actual or threatened while in office or thereafter, and the words liability and expenses shall include, without limitation, attorneys fees, costs, judgments, amounts paid in settlement, fines, penalties and other liabilities.
(b) No indemnification shall be provided hereunder to a Covered Person:
(i) who shall have been adjudicated by a court or body before which the proceeding was brought (A) to be liable to the Trust or its Shareholders by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the
conduct of his office or (B) not to have acted in good faith in the reasonable belief that his action was in the best interest of the Trust; or
(ii) in the event of a settlement, unless there has been a determination that such Trustee or officer did not engage in willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his office, (A) by the court or other body approving the settlement; (B) by at least a majority of those Trustees who are neither interested persons of the Trust nor are parties to the matter based upon a review of readily available facts (as opposed to a full trial-type inquiry); or (C) by written opinion of independent legal counsel based upon a review of readily available facts (as opposed to a full trial-type inquiry).
(c) The rights of indemnification herein provided may be insured against by policies maintained by the Trust, shall be severable, shall not be exclusive of or affect any other rights to which any Covered Person may now or hereafter be entitled, shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be a Covered Person and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors and administrators of such a person. Nothing contained herein shall affect any rights to indemnification to which Trust personnel, other than Covered Persons, and other persons may be entitled by contract or otherwise under law.
(d) Expenses in connection with the preparation and presentation of a defense to any claim, action, suit or proceeding of the character described in Subsection (a) of this Section 10.02 may be paid by the Trust or Series from time to time prior to final disposition thereof upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of such Covered Person that such amount will be paid over by him to the Trust or Series if it is ultimately determined that he is not entitled to indemnification under this Section 10.02; provided, however, that either (i) such Covered Person shall have provided appropriate security for such undertaking, (ii) the Trust is insured against losses arising out of any such advance payments or (iii) either a majority of the Trustees who are neither interested persons of the Trust nor parties to the matter, or independent legal counsel in a written opinion, shall have determined, based upon a review of readily available facts (as opposed to a trial-type inquiry or full investigation), that there is reason to believe that such Covered Person will be found entitled to indemnification under this Section 10.02. The advancement of any expenses pursuant to this Section 10.02(d) shall under no circumstances be considered a loan under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 or for any other reason.
Section 10.03 Shareholders .
In case any Shareholder of any Series shall be held to be personally liable solely by reason of his being or having been a Shareholder of such Series and not because of his acts or omissions or for some other reason, the Shareholder or former Shareholder (or his heirs, executors, administrators or other legal representatives, or, in the case of a corporation or other entity, its corporate or other general successor) shall be entitled to be held harmless from and indemnified against all loss and expense arising from such liability but only out of the assets belonging to the particular Series of which such person is or was a Shareholder and from or in relation to which such liability arose. The Trust, on behalf of the affected Series, shall, upon request by the Shareholder, assume the defense of any claim made against the Shareholder for any act or obligation of the Series and satisfy any judgment thereon from the assets of the Series.
ARTICLE XI
MISCELLANEOUS
Section 11.01 Trust Not a Partnership .
It is hereby expressly declared that a trust and not a partnership is created hereby. It is not the intention of the Trustees to have created a general partnership, limited partnership, joint stock association, corporation, bailment, or any form of legal relationship other than a statutory trust pursuant to the Delaware Act. Nothing in this Trust Instrument shall be construed to make the Shareholders, either by themselves or with the Trustees, partners, or members of a joint stock association. It is the intention of the Trustees that the Trust continue as a statutory trust pursuant to the Delaware Act. No Trustee hereunder shall have any power to bind personally either the Trust officers or any Shareholder. All persons extending credit to, contracting with or having any claim against the Trust or the Trustees shall look only to the assets of the appropriate Series or (if the Trustees shall have yet to have established Series) of the Trust for payment under such credit, contract or claim; and neither the Shareholders nor the Trustees, nor the Trust officers, nor any of their agents, whether past, present or future, shall be personally liable therefor. Nothing in this Trust Instrument shall protect a Trustee against any liability to which the Trustee would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of the office of Trustee hereunder.
Section 11.02 Trustees Good Faith Action, Expert Advice, No Bond or Surety .
The exercise by the Trustees or the officers of the Trust of their powers and discretion hereunder in good faith and with reasonable care under the circumstances then prevailing shall be binding upon everyone interested. Subject to the provisions of Article X hereof and to Section 11.01 of this Article XI, the Trustees and the officers of the Trust shall not be liable for errors of judgment or mistakes of fact or law. The Trustees and the officers of the Trust may take advice of counsel or other experts with respect to the meaning and operation of this Trust Instrument, and subject to the provisions of Article X hereof and Section 11.01 of this Article XI, shall be under no liability for any act or omission in accordance with such advice or for failing to follow such advice. The Trustees and the officers of the Trust shall not be required to give any bond as such, nor any surety if a bond is obtained.
Section 11.03 Establishment of Record Dates .
The Trustees may close the Share transfer books of the Trust for a period not exceeding ninety (90) days preceding the date of any meeting of Shareholders, or the date for the payment of any dividends or other distributions, or the date for the allotment of rights, or the date when any change or conversion or exchange of Shares shall go into effect; or in lieu of closing the stock transfer books as aforesaid, the Trustees may fix in advance a date, not exceeding ninety (90) days preceding the date of any meeting of Shareholders, or the date for payment of any dividend or other distribution, or the date for the allotment of rights, or the date when any change or conversion or exchange of Shares shall go into effect, as a record date for the determination of the Shareholders entitled to notice of, and to vote at, any such meeting, or entitled to receive payment of any such dividend or other distribution, or to any such allotment of rights, or to exercise the rights in respect of any such change, conversion or exchange of Shares, and in such case such Shareholders and
only such Shareholders as shall be Shareholders of record on the date so fixed shall be entitled to such notice of, and to vote at, such meeting, or to receive payment of such dividend or other distribution, or to receive such allotment or rights, or to exercise such rights, as the case may be, notwithstanding any transfer of any Shares on the books of the Trust after any such record date fixed as aforesaid.
Section 11.04 Dissolution and Termination of Trust .
(a) This Trust shall continue without limitation of time but subject to the provisions of Subsections 11.04(b) and (c).
(b) The Trustees may, subject to any necessary Shareholder, Trustee and regulatory approvals as may be required under applicable law (including the 1940 Act):
(i) sell and convey all or substantially all of the assets of the Trust or any affected Series to another trust, partnership, association, corporation, limited liability company or other business entity, or to a separate series of shares thereof, organized under the laws of any state which trust, partnership, association, corporation, limited liability company or other business entity is an open-end management investment company as defined in the 1940 Act, or is a series thereof, for adequate consideration which may include the assumption of all outstanding obligations, taxes and other liabilities, accrued or contingent, of the Trust or any affected Series, and which may include shares of beneficial interest, stock or other ownership interests of such trust, partnership, association, corporation, limited liability company or other business entity or of a series thereof; or
(ii) at any time sell and convert into money all of the assets of the Trust or any affected Series.
(c) The Trustees may dissolve and liquidate the Trust, any Series or Class at any time (without Shareholder approval).
Upon making reasonable provision, in the determination of the Trustees, for the payment of all liabilities by assumption or otherwise, the Trustees shall distribute the remaining proceeds or assets (as the case may be) of each Series (or Class) ratably among the holders of Shares of the affected Series, based upon the ratio that each Shareholders Shares bears to the number of Shares of such Series (or Class) then outstanding.
(d) Upon completion of the distribution of the remaining proceeds or the remaining assets as provided in Subsection 11.04(b) or 11.04(c), the Trustees and the Trust or any affected Series or Class shall be discharged of any and all further liabilities and duties hereunder and the right, title and interest of all parties with respect to the Trust or Series or Class shall be cancelled and discharged and any such Series or Class shall terminate.
Following completion of winding up of its business, the Trustees shall cause a certificate of cancellation of the Trusts certificate of trust to be filed in accordance with the Delaware Act,
which certificate of cancellation may be signed by any one Trustee. Upon filing of the certificate of cancellation for the Trust, the Trust shall terminate.
Section 11.05 Reorganization and Master/Feeder .
(a) Notwithstanding anything else herein, the Trustees may (i) cause the Trust to merge or consolidate with or into, or convert into, one or more trusts, partnerships (general or limited), associations, corporations, limited liability companies or other business entities so long as the surviving or resulting entity is an open-end management investment company under the 1940 Act, or is a series thereof, that will succeed to or assume the Trusts registration under that Act and which is formed, organized or existing under the laws of a state, commonwealth, possession or colony of the United States or (ii) cause the Trust to incorporate under the laws of Delaware.
(b) The Trustees may, subject to a vote of a majority of the Trustees and any shareholder vote required under the 1940 Act, if any, cause the Trust to merge or consolidate with or into, or convert into, one or more trusts, partnerships (general or limited), associations, limited liability companies, corporations or other business entities formed, organized or existing under the laws of a state, commonwealth, possession or colony of the United States.
(c) Any agreement of merger or consolidation or certificate of merger or consolidation may be signed by a majority of Trustees and facsimile signatures conveyed by electronic or telecommunication means shall be valid.
(d) Pursuant to and in accordance with the provisions of Section 3815(f) of the Delaware Act, and notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Trust Instrument, an agreement of merger or consolidation approved by the Trustees in accordance with paragraph (a) or (b) of this Section 11.05 may effect any amendment to the Trust Instrument or effect the adoption of a new trust instrument of the Trust if it is the surviving or resulting trust in the merger or consolidation.
(e) Notwithstanding anything else herein, the Trustees may, without Shareholder approval (unless required by the 1940 Act), invest all or a portion of the Trust Property of any Series, or dispose of all or a portion of the Trust Property of any Series, and invest the proceeds of such disposition in interests issued by one or more other investment companies registered under the 1940 Act. Any such other investment company may (but need not) be a trust (formed under the laws of the State of Delaware or any other state or jurisdiction) (or series thereof) which is classified as a partnership for federal income tax purposes. Notwithstanding anything else herein, the Trustees may, without Shareholder approval unless such approval is required by the 1940 Act, cause a Series that is organized in the master/feeder fund structure to withdraw or redeem its Trust Property from the master fund and cause such series to invest its Trust Property directly in securities and other financial instruments or in another master fund.
Section 11.06 Filing of Copies, References, Headings .
The original or a copy of this Trust Instrument and of each amendment hereof or Trust Instrument supplemental hereto shall be kept at the office of the Trust where it may be inspected
by any Shareholder. Anyone dealing with the Trust may rely on a certificate by an officer or Trustee of the Trust as to whether or not any such amendments or supplements have been made and as to any matters in connection with the Trust hereunder, and with the same effect as if it were the original, may rely on a copy certified by an officer or Trustee of the Trust to be a copy of this Trust Instrument or of any such amendment or supplemental Trust Instrument. In this Trust Instrument or in any such amendment or supplemental Trust Instrument, references to this Trust Instrument, and all expressions such as herein, hereof and hereunder, shall be deemed to refer to this Trust Instrument as amended or affected by any such supplemental Trust Instrument. All expressions like his, he and him, shall be deemed to include the feminine and neuter, as well as masculine, genders. The terms include, includes and including and any comparable terms shall be deemed to mean including, without limitation. Any reference to any statute, law, code, rule or regulation shall be deemed to refer to such statute, law, code, rule or regulation as amended and/or restated from time to time and any successor thereto. Headings are placed herein for convenience of reference only and in case of any conflict, the text of this Trust Instrument, rather than the headings, shall control. This Trust Instrument may be executed in any number of counterparts each of which shall be deemed an original.
Section 11.07 Applicable Law .
The trust set forth in this instrument was created and is continued in the State of Delaware, and the Trust and this Trust Instrument, and the rights and obligations of the Trustees and Shareholders hereunder, are to be governed by and construed and administered according to the Delaware Act and the laws of said State; provided, however, that there shall not be applicable to the Trust, the Trustees or this Trust Instrument (a) the provisions of Section 3540 of Title 12 of the Delaware Code or (b) any provisions of the laws (statutory or common) of the State of Delaware (other than the Delaware Act) pertaining to trusts which relate to or regulate (i) the filing with any court or governmental body or agency of trustee accounts or schedules of trustee fees and charges, (ii) affirmative requirements to post bonds for trustees, officers, agents or employees of a trust, (iii) the necessity for obtaining court or other governmental approval concerning the acquisition, holding or disposition of real or personal property, (iv) fees or other sums payable to trustees, officers, agents or employees of a trust, (v) the allocation of receipts and expenditures to income or principal, (vi) restrictions or limitations on the permissible nature, amount or concentration of trust investments or requirements relating to the titling, storage or other manner of holding of trust assets, or (vii) the establishment of fiduciary or other standards of responsibilities or limitations on the acts or powers of trustees, which are inconsistent with the limitations or liabilities or authorities and powers of the Trustees set forth or referenced in this Trust Instrument. The Trust shall be of the type commonly called a statutory trust, and without limiting the provisions hereof, the Trust may exercise all powers which are ordinarily exercised by such a trust under Delaware law. The Trust specifically reserves the right to exercise any of the powers or privileges afforded to trusts or actions that may be engaged in by trusts under the Delaware Act, and the absence of a specific reference herein to any such power, privilege or action shall not imply that the Trust may not exercise such power or privilege or take such actions.
Section 11.08 Derivative Actions .
In addition to the requirements set forth in Section 3816 of the Delaware Act, a Shareholder may bring a derivative action on behalf of the Trust only if the following conditions are met:
(a) The Shareholder or Shareholders must make a pre-suit demand upon the Trustees to bring the subject action unless an effort to cause the Trustees to bring such an action is not likely to succeed. For purposes of this Section 11.08(a), a demand on the Trustees shall only be deemed not likely to succeed and therefore excused if a majority of the Board of Trustees, or a majority of any committee established to consider the merits of such action, is composed of Trustees who are not independent trustees (as such term is defined in the Delaware Act).
(b) Unless a demand is not required under paragraph (a) of this Section 11.08, Shareholders eligible to bring such derivative action under the Delaware Act who collectively hold at least 10% of the total combined net asset value of the Outstanding Shares of the Trust, or 10% of the total combined net asset value of the Outstanding Shares of the Series or Class to which such action relates if it does not relate to all Series and Classes, shall join in the request for the Trustees to commence such action; and
(c) Unless a demand is not required under paragraph (a) of this Section 11.08, the Trustees must be afforded a reasonable amount of time to consider such Shareholder request and to investigate the basis of such claim. The Trustees shall be entitled to retain counsel or other advisors in considering the merits of the request and shall require an undertaking by the Shareholders making such request to reimburse the Trust for the expense of any such advisors in the event that the Trustees determine not to bring such action.
For purposes of this Section 11.08, the Board of Trustees may designate a committee of one Trustee to consider a Shareholder demand if necessary to create a committee with a majority of Trustees who do not have a personal financial interest in the transaction at issue. In addition to all suits, claims or other actions (collectively, claims) that under applicable law must be brought as derivative claims, each Shareholder of the Trust or any Series or Class agrees that any claim that affects all Shareholders of a Series or Class equally, that is, proportionately based on their number of Shares in such Series or Class, must be brought as a derivative claim subject to this Section 11.08 irrespective of whether such claim involves a violation of the Shareholders rights under this Trust Instrument or any other alleged violation of contractual or individual rights that might otherwise give rise to a direct claim.
Section 11.09 Amendments .
Except as specifically provided herein, the Trustees may, without shareholder vote, amend or otherwise supplement this Trust Instrument by making an amendment, a Trust Instrument supplemental hereto or an amended and restated trust instrument. Shareholders shall have the right to vote (a) on any amendment as may be required by law or by the Trusts Registration Statement and (b) on any amendment submitted to them by the Trustees. Any amendment required or permitted to be submitted to Shareholders which, as the Trustees determine, shall affect the Shareholders of one or more Series or Class shall be authorized by vote of the Shareholders of each Series or Class affected and no vote of Shareholders of a Series or Class not affected shall be required. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Trust Instrument,
no amendment hereof shall limit the rights to indemnification or insurance referenced in Article X hereof with respect to action or omission of Covered Persons prior to such amendment. Any officer of the Trust is authorized from time to time to restate this Trust Instrument into a single instrument to reflect all amendments hereto made in accordance with the terms hereof.
Section 11.10 Fiscal Year .
The fiscal year of the Trust shall end on a specified date as set forth in the Bylaws, provided, however, that the Trustees may change the fiscal year of the Trust.
Section 11.11 Name Reservation .
The Trustees on behalf of the Trust acknowledge that KeyCorp has licensed to the Trust the non-exclusive right to use the name Victory as part of the name of the Trust, and has reserved the right to grant the non-exclusive use of the name Victory or any derivative thereof to any other party. In addition, KeyCorp reserves the right to grant the non-exclusive use of the name Victory to, and to withdraw such right from, any other business or other enterprise. KeyCorp reserves the right to withdraw from the Trust the right to use said name Victory and will withdraw such right if the Trust ceases to employ, for any reason, KeyCorp, an affiliate or any successor as adviser of the Trust.
Section 11.12 Provisions in Conflict With Law .
The provisions of this Trust Instrument are severable, and if the Trustees shall determine, with the advice of counsel, that any of such provision is in conflict with the 1940 Act, the regulated investment company provisions of the Internal Revenue Code or with other applicable laws and regulations, the conflicting provision shall be deemed never to have constituted a part of this Trust Instrument; provided, however, that such determination shall not affect any of the remaining provisions of this Trust Instrument or render invalid or improper any action taken or omitted prior to such determination. If any provision of this Trust Instrument shall be held invalid or unenforceable in any jurisdiction, such invalidity or unenforceability shall attach only to such provision in such jurisdiction and shall not in any matter affect such provision in any other jurisdiction or any other provision of this Trust Instrument in any jurisdiction.
Section 11.13 Jurisdiction and Waiver of Jury Trial .
In accordance with Section 3804(e) of the Delaware Act, any suit, action or proceeding brought by or in the right of any Shareholder or any person or entity claiming any interest in any Shares seeking to enforce any provision of, or based on any matter arising out of, or in connection with, this Trust Instrument or the Trust, any Series or Class or any Shares, including any claim of any nature against the Trust, any Series or Class, the Trustees or officers of the Trust, shall be brought exclusively in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware to the extent there is subject matter jurisdiction in such court for the claims asserted or, if not, then in the Superior Court of the State of Delaware, and all Shareholders and other such persons or entities hereby irrevocably consent to the jurisdiction of such courts (and the appropriate appellate courts therefrom) in any such suit, action or proceeding and irrevocably waive, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any objection they may make now or hereafter have to the laying of the venue of any such suit, action or proceeding in such court or that any such suit, action or proceeding brought in any such court
has been brought in an inconvenient forum and further, IN CONNECTION WITH ANY SUCH SUIT, ACTION, OR PROCEEDING BROUGHT IN THE SUPERIOR COURT IN THE STATE OF DELAWARE, ALL SHAREHOLDERS AND ALL OTHER SUCH PERSONS OR ENTITIES HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVE THE RIGHT TO A TRIAL BY JURY TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW. All Shareholders and other such persons and entities agree that service of summons, complaint or other process in connection with any proceedings may be made by registered or certified mail or by overnight courier addressed to such person or entity at the address shown on the books and records of the Trust for such person or entity or at the address of the person or entity shown on the books and records of the Trust with respect to the Shares that such person or entity claims an interest in. Service of process in any such suit, action or proceeding against the Trust or any Trustee or officer of the Trust may be made at the address of the Trusts registered agent in the State of Delaware. Any service so made shall be effective as if personally made in the State of Delaware.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the undersigned, being all of the current Trustees of the Trust, hereby make and enter into this Trust Instrument as of the date first written above.
/s/ David B. Adcock |
|
/s/ Nigel D.T. Andrews |
David B. Adcock, |
|
Nigel D.T. Andrews, |
as Trustee and not individually |
|
as Trustee and not individually |
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ E. Lee Beard |
|
/s/ David C. Brown |
E. Lee Beard, |
|
David C. Brown, |
as Trustee and not individually |
|
as Trustee and not individually |
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Dennis M. Bushe |
|
/s/ Sally M. Dungan |
Dennis M. Bushe, |
|
Sally M. Dungan, |
as Trustee and not individually |
|
as Trustee and not individually |
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ John L. Kelly |
|
/s/ David L. Meyer |
John L. Kelly, |
|
David L. Meyer, |
as Trustee and not individually |
|
as Trustee and not individually |
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Gloria S. Nelund |
|
/s/ Leigh A. Wilson |
Gloria S. Nelund, |
|
Leigh A. Wilson, |
as Trustee and not individually |
|
as Trustee and not individually |
AMENDMENT No. 7
to
ADMINISTRATION
AGREEMENT
and
FUND ACCOUNTING AGREEMENT
AMENDMENT made as of February 27, 2019 to that certain Administration and Fund Accounting Agreement entered into as of June 1, 2006, as amended (Agreement) by and among (i) Victory Portfolios, Victory Variable Insurance Funds, and Victory Portfolios II, each a Delaware statutory trust (each, a Trust and, together, the Trusts) on behalf of those investment company portfolios listed on Schedule D which may be amended from time to time (each, a Fund and, together, the Funds) in the case of both the Trusts and the Funds, individually and not jointly and (ii) Victory Capital Management Inc. (VCM), a New York corporation. All capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings given to them in the Agreement
WHEREAS , VCM and the Trusts wish to enter into this Amendment to the Agreement to (1) update Schedule D to revise the list of Funds.
NOW, THEREFORE , in consideration of the mutual covenants and promises hereinafter contained and for good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged, intending to be legally bound, VCM and the Trusts hereby agree as follows:
1. For ease of reference, the term Trust as used singularly throughout the Agreement shall be read to refer to the multiple Trusts that are party to the Agreement from time to time, as the context requires.
2. Schedule D to the Agreement is deleted in its entirety and replaced by the new Schedule D attached hereto.
3. Except as set forth in this Amendment, the Agreement is unaffected and shall continue in full force and effect in accordance with its terms.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the parties hereto have caused this Amendment to be duly executed all as of the day and year first above written.
|
VICTORY PORTFOLIOS, on behalf of each Fund listed on Schedule A, individually and not jointly |
|
|
|
|
|
By: |
/s/ Christopher K. Dyer |
|
|
|
|
Name: |
Christopher K. Dyer |
|
Title: |
President |
|
VICTORY VARIABLE INSURANCE FUNDS, on behalf of each Fund listed on Schedule A, individually and not jointly |
|
|
|
|
|
By: |
/s/ Christopher K. Dyer |
|
|
|
|
Name: |
Christopher K. Dyer |
|
Title: |
President |
|
|
|
|
VICTORY PORTFOLIOS II, on behalf of each Fund listed on Schedule A, individually and not jointly |
|
|
|
|
|
By: |
/s/ Christopher K. Dyer |
|
|
|
|
Name: |
Christopher K. Dyer |
|
Title: |
President |
|
|
|
|
VICTORY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT INC. |
|
|
|
|
|
By: |
/s/ Michael D. Policarpo |
|
|
|
|
Name: |
Michael D. Policarpo |
|
Title: |
President, Chief Financial Officer, Chief Administrative Officer |
SCHEDULE D
TO THE ADMINISTRATION AND FUND ACCOUNTING AGREEMENT BETWEEN VCM, VICTORY PORTFOLIOS, VICTORY PORTFOLIOS II AND VICTORY VARIABLE INSURANCE FUNDS
Victory Portfolios
Victory Diversified Fund
Victory Floating Rate Fund
Victory Global Natural Resources Fund
Victory Harvest Premium Absolute Fund*
Victory Harvest Premium Bond Fund*
Victory Harvest Premium Large Cap Equity Fund*
Victory High Income Municipal Bond Fund
Victory High Yield Fund
Victory INCORE Fund for Income
Victory INCORE Investment Grade Convertible Fund
Victory INCORE Investment Quality Bond Fund
Victory INCORE Low Duration Bond
Victory INCORE Total Return Bond Fund
Victory Integrity Discovery Fund
Victory Integrity Mid-Cap Value Fund
Victory Integrity Small/Mid-Cap Value Fund
Victory Integrity Small-Cap Value Fund
Victory Munder Mid-Cap Core Growth Fund
Victory Munder Multi-Cap Fund
Victory Munder Small Cap Growth Fund
Victory NewBridge Large Cap Growth Fund
Victory RS Global Fund
Victory RS Growth Fund
Victory RS International Fund
Victory RS Investors Fund
Victory RS Large Cap Alpha Fund
Victory RS Mid Cap Growth Fund
Victory RS Partners Fund
Victory RS Science and Technology Fund
Victory RS Select Growth Fund
Victory RS Small Cap Equity Fund
Victory RS Small Cap Growth Fund
Victory RS Value Fund
Victory S&P 500 Index Fund
* Pending launch
Victory Sophus Emerging Markets Fund
Victory Sophus Emerging Markets Small Cap Fund
Victory Special Value Fund
Victory Strategic Allocation Fund
Victory Strategic Income Fund
Victory Sycamore Established Value Fund
Victory Sycamore Small Company Opportunity Fund
Victory Tax-Exempt Fund
Victory Trivalent Emerging Markets Small-Cap Fund
Victory Trivalent International Fund Core Equity
Victory Trivalent International Small-Cap Fund
Victory Variable Insurance Funds
Victory High Yield VIP Series
Victory INCORE Investment Quality Bond VIP Series
Victory INCORE Low Duration Bond VIP Series
Victory RS International VIP Series
Victory RS Large Cap Alpha VIP Series
Victory RS Small Cap Growth Equity VIP Series
Victory S&P 500 Index VIP Series
Victory Sophus Emerging Markets VIP Series
Victory Variable Insurance Diversified Stock Fund
Victory Portfolios II Mutual Funds
Victory Market Neutral Income Fund
Victory US 500 Enhanced Volatility Wtd Index Fund
Victory Portfolios II ETFs
VictoryShares Developed Enhanced Volatility Wtd ETF
VictoryShares Dividend Accelerator ETF
VictoryShares Emerging Market High Div Volatility Wtd ETF
VictoryShares Emerging Market Volatility Wtd ETF
VictoryShares International High Div Volatility Wtd ETF
VictoryShares International Volatility Wtd ETF
VictoryShares USAA Core Intermediate-Term Bond ETF*
VictoryShares USAA Core Short-Term Bond ETF*
VictoryShares USAA MSCI Emerging Markets Value Momentum ETF*
VictoryShares USAA MSCI International Value Momentum ETF*
VictoryShares USAA MSCI USA Small Cap Value Momentum ETF*
VictoryShares USAA MSCI USA Value Momentum ETF*
VictoryShares US 500 Enhanced Volatility Wtd ETF
VictoryShares US 500 Volatility Wtd ETF
* Pending launch
VictoryShares US Discovery Enhanced Volatility Wtd ETF
VictoryShares US EQ Income Enhanced Volatility Wtd ETF
VictoryShares US Large Cap High Div Volatility Wtd ETF
VictoryShares US Multi-Factor Minimum Volatility ETF
VictoryShares US Small Cap High Div Volatility Wtd ETF
VictoryShares US Small Cap Volatility Wtd ETF
VictoryShares Global Multi-Factor Minimum Volatility ETF*
VictoryShares International Multi-Factor Minimum Volatility ETF*
VictoryShares Quality Growth ETF*
VictoryShares Quality Value ETF*
* Pending launch
[Morris, Nichols, Arsht & Tunnell LLP Letterhead]
March 8, 2019
Victory Portfolios
4900 Tiedeman Road
Brooklyn, Ohio 44144
Re: Victory Portfolios (Harvest Funds)
Ladies and Gentlemen:
We have acted as special Delaware counsel to Victory Portfolios, a Delaware statutory trust (the Trust), in connection with certain matters relating to the formation of the Trust and the issuance of Shares of Class A, Class C, Class I, Class R, Class R6 and Class Y (each a Class and collectively the Classes) of Victory Harvest Premium Absolute Fund, Victory Harvest Premium Large Cap Equity Fund, and Victory Harvest Premium Bond Fund, each a Series of the Trust (each a Fund and collectively the Funds). Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise herein defined are used as defined in the Second Amended and Restated Trust Instrument of the Trust dated as of February 26, 2019 (the Governing Instrument).
In rendering this opinion, we have examined and relied on copies of the following documents, each in the form provided to us: the Certificate of Trust of the Trust as filed in the Office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware (the State Office) on December 21, 1995 (under the name The Victory Portfolios), as amended by the Certificate of Amendment thereto as filed in the State Office on September 16, 2015 (reflecting a change in its name to Victory Portfolios) (as so amended, the Certificate); the Governing Instrument; the Amended and Restated Trust Instrument of the Trust dated as of March 27, 2000, as amended by the Amendment thereto dated as of August 19, 2015 (as so amended, the A/R Governing Instrument); the Trust Instrument of the Trust dated as of December 6, 1995, as amended February 19, 1997 and October 23, 1997 (as amended, the Original Governing Instrument); the Bylaws of the Trust; certain resolutions of the Trustees of the Trust including resolutions dated December 6, 1995 relating to the organization of the Trust, and resolutions adopted by the Board of Trustees of the Trust at a meeting held on August 19, 2015 and resolutions adopted by the Board of Trustees of the Trust at a meeting held on December 5, 2018 relating to, inter alia , the change in name of The Victory Portfolios to Victory Portfolios and the establishment of each Class and Fund (collectively, the Resolutions and, together with the Governing Instrument and Bylaws of the Trust, the Governing Documents); Post-Effective Amendment No. 26 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A of The Victory Portfolios, a Massachusetts business trust and the predecessor to the Trust (the Predecessor Trust) by which the Trust adopted such
Registration Statement and the Predecessor Trusts Notification of Registration and Registration Statement under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the Commission) on December 28, 1995; and a certification of good standing of the Trust obtained as of a recent date from the State Office. In such examinations, we have assumed the genuineness of all signatures, the conformity to original documents of all documents submitted to us as copies or drafts of documents to be executed, and the legal capacity of natural persons to complete the execution of documents. We have further assumed for purposes of this opinion: (i) the due adoption, authorization, execution and delivery, as applicable, by or on behalf of each of the parties thereto of the above-referenced agreements, instruments, certificates and other documents (including the Resolutions), and of all documents contemplated by the Governing Documents to be executed by investors desiring to become Shareholders; (ii) the payment of consideration for Shares, and the application of such consideration, as provided in the Governing Documents and compliance with all other terms, conditions and restrictions set forth in the Governing Documents in connection with the issuance of Shares; (iii) that appropriate notation of the names and addresses of, the number of Shares held by, and the consideration paid by, Shareholders will be maintained in the appropriate registers and other books and records of the Trust in connection with the issuance or transfer of Shares; (iv) that no event has occurred that would cause a termination or dissolution of the Trust under Sections 11.04 or 11.05 of the Original Governing Instrument, the A/R Governing Instrument, or the Governing Instrument, as applicable; (v) that no event has occurred that would cause a termination or dissolution of any Fund or any Class thereof under Sections 2.06 or 11.04 of the Original Governing Instrument, the A/R Governing Instrument, or the Governing Instrument, as applicable; (vi) that the activities of the Trust have been and will be conducted in accordance with the terms of the Governing Instrument and the Delaware Statutory Trust Act, 12 Del. C. §§ 3801 et seq. ; and (vii) that each of the documents examined by us is in full force and effect and has not been amended, supplemented or otherwise modified, except as herein referenced. No opinion is expressed herein with respect to the requirements of, or compliance with, federal or state securities or blue sky laws. Further, we express no opinion on the sufficiency or accuracy of any registration or offering documentation relating to the Trust or the Shares. As to any facts material to our opinion, other than those assumed, we have relied without independent investigation on the above-referenced documents and on the accuracy, as of the date hereof, of the matters therein contained.
Based on and subject to the foregoing, and limited in all respects to matters of Delaware law, it is our opinion that:
1. The Trust is a duly formed and validly existing statutory trust in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware. Each Fund is a validly existing Series of the Trust and each Class of each Fund is a validly existing Class of such Fund.
2. Shares of each Class of each Fund, when issued to Shareholders in accordance with the terms, conditions, requirements and procedures set forth in the Governing Documents and all applicable resolutions of the Trustees, will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable Shares of beneficial interest in the Trust.
We hereby consent to the filing of a copy of this opinion with the Commission as an exhibit to a post-effective amendment to the Trusts Registration Statement. In giving this consent, we do not thereby admit that we come within the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder. This opinion speaks only as of the date hereof and is based on our understandings and assumptions as to present facts, and on the application of Delaware law as the same exist on the date hereof, and we undertake no obligation to update or supplement this opinion after the date hereof for the benefit of any person or entity (including any Shareholder) with respect to any facts or circumstances that may hereafter come to our attention or any changes in facts or law that may hereafter occur or take effect. This opinion is intended solely for the benefit of the Trust and the Shareholders in connection with the matters contemplated hereby and may not be relied upon by any other person or entity, or for any other purpose, without our prior written consent.
|
Sincerely, |
|
|
|
MORRIS, NICHOLS, ARSHT & TUNNELL LLP |
|
|
|
/s/ Davis A. Harris |
|
|
|
David A. Harris |
599 Lexington Avenue
New York, NY 10022-6069
+1.212.848.4000
VIA EDGAR
March 8, 2019
Victory Portfolios
4900 Tiedeman Road, 4th Floor
Brooklyn, OH 44144
Post-Effective Amendment No. 167 File Nos.: 811-04852; 033-08982
Ladies and Gentlemen:
We hereby consent to the reference to our firm as counsel in Post-Effective Amendment No. 167 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A of Victory Portfolios (File No. 033-08982).
Very truly yours, |
|
/s/ Shearman & Sterling LLP |
|
Shearman & Sterling LLP |
SHEARMAN.COM
Shearman & Sterling LLP is a limited liability partnership organized in the United States under the laws of the state of Delaware, which laws limit the personal liability of partners.
Exhibit 99.(j)(2)
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in this Registration Statement on Form N-1A of our report dated December 20, 2018, relating to the financial statements and financial highlights of Harvest Edge Absolute Fund, Harvest Edge Equity Fund, and Harvest Edge Bond Fund (the predecessor funds to Victory Harvest Premium Absolute Fund, Victory Harvest Premium Large Cap Equity Fund, and Victory Harvest Premium Bond Fund, each a series of Victory Portfolios) for the period ended October 31, 2018, and to the references to our firm under the headings Financial Highlights in the Prospectus and Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm in the Statement of Additional Information.
/s/ Cohen & Company, Ltd.
Cohen & Company, Ltd.
Cleveland, Ohio
March 6, 2019