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As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 14, 2019

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

 

FORM 20-F

 

(Mark One)

 

o

REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR (g) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

 

OR

 

 

o

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

 

OR

 

 

o

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the transition period from                       to                        

 

 

OR

 

 

x

SHELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

Date of event requiring this shell company report: March 14 , 2019

 

Commission file number          

 

Bioceres Crop Solutions Corp.

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Cayman Islands

(Jurisdiction of incorporation)

 

Ocampo 210 bis, Predio CCT, Rosario
Province of Santa Fe, Argentina

(Address of principal executive offices)

 

Gloria Montaron
General Counsel
Ocampo 210 bis, Predio CCT, Rosario
Province of Santa Fe, Argentina
Phone: 54-341-4861122
Email: gloria.montaron@biocerescrops.com

(Name, Telephone, E-mail and/or Facsimile number and Address of Company Contact Person)

 

Copies to:

Conrado Tenaglia, Esq.

Matthew S. Poulter, Esq.

Linklaters LLP

1345 Avenue of the Americas

New York, NY 10105

Phone: (212) 903-9000

Fax: (212) 903-9100

 

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

None

 

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

 

None

 


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Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act:

 

Ordinary Shares

Warrants

 

Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer’s classes of capital stock or common stock as of the close of business covered by the annual report.

 

N/A

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.

o Yes   x No

 

If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

x Yes   o No

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

x Yes   o No

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).

x Yes   o No

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or an emerging growth company. See definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

Large accelerated filer o

 

Accelerated filer o

 

Non-accelerated filer o

 

Emerging growth company  x

 

If an emerging growth company that prepares its financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards† provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

 


† The term “new or revised financial accounting standard” refers to any update issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board to its Accounting Standards Codification after April 5, 2012.

 

Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing:

 

US GAAP o

 

International Financial Reporting Standards as issued
by the International Accounting Standards Board
x

 

Other o

 

If “Other” has been checked in response to the previous question indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow.

o Item 17   o Item 18

 

If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

o Yes   o No

 


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Table of Contents

 

PART I

 

 

 

INTRODUCTORY NOTE AND PRESENTATION OF FINANCIAL AND OTHER INFORMATION

 

1

 

 

 

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

3

 

 

 

ITEM 1.

IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS

 

4

A.

Directors and Senior Management

 

4

B.

Advisers

 

4

C.

Auditors

 

5

 

 

 

 

ITEM 2.

OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE

 

6

A.

Offer Statistics

 

6

B.

Method and Expected Timetable

 

6

 

 

 

 

ITEM 3.

KEY INFORMATION

 

7

A.

Selected Financial Data

 

7

B.

Capitalization and Indebtedness

 

16

C.

Reasons for the Offer and Use of Proceeds

 

17

D.

Risk Factors

 

17

 

 

 

 

ITEM 4.

INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY

 

60

A.

History and Development of the Company

 

60

B.

Business Overview

 

62

C.

Organizational Structure

 

95

D.

Property, Plant and Equipment

 

96

 

 

 

 

ITEM 4A.

UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

 

97

 

 

 

 

ITEM 5.

OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS

 

98

A.

Operating Results

 

98

B.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

117

C.

Research and Development, Patents and Licenses, etc.

 

120

D.

Trend Information

 

121

E.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

 

121

F.

Tabular Disclosure of Contractual Obligations

 

121

 

 

 

 

ITEM 6.

DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES

 

122

A.

Directors and Senior Management

 

122

B.

Compensation

 

124

C.

Board Practices

 

127

D.

Employees

 

129

E.

Share Ownership

 

129

 

 

 

 

ITEM 7.

MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

 

131

 

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A.

Major Shareholders

 

131

B.

Related Party Transactions

 

131

C.

Interests of Experts and Counsel

 

136

 

 

 

 

ITEM 8.

FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

137

A.

Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information

 

137

B.

Significant Changes

 

137

 

 

 

 

ITEM 9.

THE OFFER AND LISTING

 

138

A.

Offer and Listing Details

 

138

B.

Plan of Distribution

 

138

C.

Markets

 

138

D.

Selling Shareholders

 

138

E.

Dilution

 

138

F.

Expenses of the Issue

 

138

 

 

 

 

ITEM 10.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

 

139

A.

Share Capital

 

139

B.

Memorandum and Articles of Association

 

139

C.

Material Contracts

 

141

D.

Exchange Controls

 

144

E.

Taxation

 

144

F.

Dividends and Paying Agents

 

149

G.

Statement by Experts

 

150

H.

Documents on Display

 

150

I.

Subsidiary Information

 

150

 

 

 

 

ITEM 11.

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT RISK

 

151

A.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risk

 

151

B.

Currency risk

 

151

C.

Interest rate risk

 

151

D.

Credit risk

 

152

 

 

 

 

ITEM 12.

DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES

 

154

A.

Debt Securities

 

154

B.

Warrants and Rights

 

154

C.

Other Securities

 

154

D.

American Depositary Shares

 

154

 

 

 

 

PART II

 

ITEM 13.

DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES

 

155

A.

Defaults

 

155

B.

Arrears and Delinquencies

 

155

 

 

 

 

ITEM 14.

MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS

 

156

 

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ITEM 15.

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

 

157

 

 

 

 

ITEM 16.

 

 

 

A.

Audit Committee Financial Expert

 

158

B.

Code of Ethics

 

159

C.

Principal Accountant Fees and Services

 

160

D.

Exemptions from the Listing Standards for Audit Committees

 

161

E.

Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers

 

162

F.

Change in Registrant’s Certifying Accountant

 

163

G.

Corporate Governance

 

164

H.

Mine Safety Disclosure

 

165

 

PART III

 

 

 

 

ITEM 17.

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

166

 

 

 

 

ITEM 18.

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

167

 

 

 

 

ITEM 19.

EXHIBITS

 

168

 

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PART I

 

INTRODUCTORY NOTE AND PRESENTATION OF FINANCIAL AND OTHER INFORMATION

 

Introductory Note

 

On March 14, 2019, Union Acquisition Corp. (“Union” or “UAC”), whose name changed to Bioceres Crop Solutions Corp., consummated the previously announced business combination pursuant to a share exchange agreement, dated as of November 8, 2018 (as amended, the “Exchange Agreement”), by and among UAC and Bioceres, Inc., a company incorporated under the laws of Delaware, which converted into Bioceres LLC pursuant to the Reorganization (as defined below) on February 28, 2019.

 

Prior to the consummation of the business combination on March 14, 2019, the following steps took place among Bioceres, Inc. and certain of its affiliates (collectively the “Reorganization”).

 

On February 13, 2019 Bioceres, Inc. formed a new subsidiary, BCS Holding Inc. (“BCS Holding”), and contributed its crop business net assets to BCS Holding in exchange for 100% equity interest in BCS Holding On February 28, 2019, Bioceres, Inc. converted into Bioceres LLC, and on March 1, 2019, Bioceres S.A., a company organized under the laws of Argentina and our ultimate parent company (“Parent”) contributed all of its equity interest in Bioceres Semillas S.A. (“Bioceres Semillas”) (its direct majority owned subsidiary) to Bioceres LLC in exchange for additional equity interests in Bioceres LLC.

 

In addition, concurrently with the consummation of the business combination on March 14, 2019, the Rizobacter Call Option (as defined below) was exercised, pursuant to which the total indirect ownership of BCS Holding in Rizobacter increased to 80.00% of all outstanding stock of Rizobacter. On October 22, 2018, Parent, RASA Holding LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and a wholly owned subsidiary of Bioceres, Inc., now a wholly-owned subsidiary of BCS Holding (“RASA Holding”), and Pedro Enrique Mac Mullen, María Marta Mac Mullen and International Property Services Corp., as sellers (collectively, the “Grantors”) entered into an amended and restated option agreement (as may be amended from time to time, the “Rizobacter Call Option Agreement”), pursuant to which the Parent, RASA Holding or any of their nominated affiliates (including BCS Holding and its subsidiaries, collectively the “Beneficiaries”) would have the option (the “Rizobacter Call Option”) to purchase from the Grantors all of their 11,916,000 shares of common stock (par value AR$1 each and 5 votes per share, the “Rizobacter Stock”) of Rizobacter Argentina S.A., an Argentine corporation and a subsidiary of RASA Holding (“Rizobacter”), representing 29.99% of all outstanding common stock of Rizobacter. Consideration for the Rizobacter Call Option was in the form of UAC shares (the “In-Kind Consideration”). As a result of the business combination and the other transactions contemplated by the Exchange Agreement, as well as the Reorganization and exercise of the Rizobacter Call Option, Union became the holding company of BCS Holding, its subsidiaries and Bioceres Semillas. Upon the consummation of the business combination, Union changed its name to Bioceres Crop Solutions Corp.

 

Unless the context otherwise requires, “we,” “us,” “our,” “the Company,” “BIOX,” “Bioceres” and “Bioceres Crop Solutions” will refer to Bioceres Crop Solutions Corp. and its subsidiaries.

 

Financial statement information

 

In December 2016, Bioceres S.A. approved a change in our fiscal year end from December 31 to June 30. Following the six-month period ended June 30, 2017 (the “Transition Period”), our fiscal year end is June 30 of each year. In connection with the business combination, the shareholders of Union passed resolutions to change its fiscal year to June 30, to be effective upon closing of the business combination, during an extraordinary general meeting held on February 27, 2019.

 

The combined statements of comprehensive income data for Bioceres for the three-month periods ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 and the combined statements of financial position data as of September 30, 2018 are derived from our unaudited interim condensed combined financial statements appearing elsewhere in this report. The combined statements of comprehensive income data for Bioceres for the year ended June 30, 2018,

 

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for the Transition Period and for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 and the combined statements of financial position data as of June 30, 2018, 2017 and as of December 31, 2016 are derived from our audited combined financial statements appearing elsewhere in this report.

 

This report also includes (i) the unaudited pro forma condensed combined statement of income of Bioceres for the year ended June 30, 2018 and for the three months ended September 30, 2019, and (ii) the unaudited pro forma combined statement of financial position as of September 30, 2018, both of which give effect to the business combination, matters related thereto and exercise of the Rizobacter Call Option.

 

Our presentation currency is U.S. dollars. We account for our 50% equity interests in our joint ventures as equity method investments in our combined financial statements.

 

We have applied the following standards and amendments for the first time for our annual reporting period commencing July 1, 2018:

 

· IFRS 9 — Financial Instruments (version 2014).

 

· IFRS 15 — Revenue from Contracts with Customers.

 

· Amendments to IFRS 2 — Classification and measurement of share-based payment transactions.

 

· IFRIC 22 — Foreign currency transactions and advance consideration.

 

· Amendments to IAS 40 — Transfers of investment.

 

The adoption of these amendments did not have a material impact on the amounts recognized in prior periods.

 

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CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

We make forward-looking statements in this report that are subject to risks and uncertainties. These forward-looking statements include information about possible or assumed future results of our business, financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, anticipated growth strategies, anticipated trends in our industry, our potential growth opportunities, plans and objectives. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “believe,” “may,” “might,” “will,” “consider,” “estimate,” “continue,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “target,” “project,” “contemplate,” “should,” “plan,” “expect,” “predict,” “potential,” or the negative of these terms or other similar terms or expressions. The statements we make regarding the following matters are forward-looking by their nature:

 

·                        our ability to develop and commercialize biotechnology products;

 

·                        our ability to maintain our joint venture agreements with our current partners;

 

·                        the success of the HB4 technology that we license and that remains subject to receipt of regulatory approval;

 

·                        our or our collaborators’ ability to develop commercial products that incorporate our seed traits and complete the regulatory approval process for such products;

 

·                        our expectations regarding the commercial value of our key products in yield and abiotic stress and biotic stress;

 

·                        our expectations regarding regulatory approval of products developed by us, our joint ventures and third-party collaborators;

 

·                        our ability to adapt to continuous technological change in our industry;

 

·                        our expectations that products containing our seed traits will be commercialized and we will earn royalties from the sales of such products;

 

·                        our expectations regarding the future growth of the global agricultural, agricultural biotechnology, biological-based chemical and agro-industrial biotechnology markets;

 

·                        our ability to develop and exploit a proprietary channel for the sale of our biotechnology products;

 

·                        our compliance with laws and regulations that impact our business and changes to such laws and regulations;

 

·                        our ability to assemble, store, integrate and analyze significant amounts of public and proprietary data;

 

·                        our ability to protect our intellectual property through patents, PVP, trademarks, trade secret laws, confidentiality provisions, and licensing arrangements for the genes that we identify; and

 

·                        various other factors, including without limitation those described under “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors.”

 

The preceding list is not intended to be an exhaustive list of all of our forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements are based on our beliefs, assumptions and expectations of future performance, taking into account the information currently available to us. These statements are only predictions based upon our current expectations and projections about future events. There are important factors that could cause our actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to differ materially from the results, levels of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements.

 

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You should not rely upon forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee that future results, levels of activity, performance and events and circumstances reflected in the forward-looking statements will be achieved or will occur.

 

ITEM 1.                                                 IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS

 

A.                  Directors and Senior Management

 

Directors

 

The following table sets forth the names and positions of the members of our Board of Directors and executive officers as of the date of this report. The business addresses of the members of our Board of our Directors are as follows:

 

·                   The business address of Messrs. Trucco and Lopez Lecube is Ocampo 210bis, Predio CCT, Rosario, Province of Santa Fe, Argentina;

 

·                   The business address of Mr. Camargo de Colón is Alameda Uruguay 60, Helvetia Country, Indaituba, San Pablo, 13337-570, Brazil;

 

·                   The business address of Mrs. Zang is Paseo de la Castellana 93, PISO 9, 28046, Madrid, Spain;

 

·                   The business address of Mr. Freisinger is 2001 McAllister St., Apt 104, San Francisco, California 94118, USA; and

 

·                   The business address of Mr. Bransfield is 444 Madison Avenue, Fl 34, New York, New York 10022.

 

Name

 

Position

Federico Trucco, Ph.D.

 

Chief Executive Officer and Executive Director

Enrique Lopez Lecube

 

Chief Financial Officer and Executive Director

Ricardo Yapur

 

Managing Director of Rizobacter Argentina S.A.

Gloria Montaron Estrada

 

General Counsel and Executive Director

Gerónimo Watson

 

Chief Technology Officer

Jorge Wagner

 

Chief Operating Officer

Carlos Camargo de Colón

 

Non-Executive Director

Natalia Zang

 

Non-Executive Director

Ari Freisinger

 

Non-Executive Director

Kyle P. Bransfield

 

Non-Executive Director

 

For more information about our Board of Directors and executive officers, see “Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees—A. Directors and Senior Management.”

 

B.                  Advisers

 

Our external legal advisers are Linklaters LLP and Marval, O’Farrell & Mairal.

 

Linklaters LLP’s address is 1345 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10105, U.S.A.

 

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Marval, O’Farrell & Mairal’s address is Av. Leandro N. Alem 882, C1001AAQ, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.

 

C.                  Auditors

 

Our auditors are Price Waterhouse & Co. S.R.L. (“PwC”), with registered office at Bouchard 557 — Floor 8, C1106ABG. PwC is an independent registered public accounting firm, registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).

 

Pursuant to the resolutions adopted by our Board of Directors on March 14, 2019 and in connection with the consummation of the business combination, Marcum LLP, Union’s auditors, was dismissed.

 

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ITEM 2.                                                 OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE

 

A.                  Offer Statistics

 

Not applicable.

 

B.                  Method and Expected Timetable

 

Not applicable.

 

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ITEM 3.                                                 KEY INFORMATION

 

A.                  Selected Financial Data

 

The following tables present our selected combined financial data for the periods indicated. In December 2016, Bioceres S.A. approved a change in our fiscal year end from December 31 to June 30. Following the six-month period ended June 30, 2017 (the “Transition Period”), our fiscal year end is June 30 of each year. The selected combined statement of comprehensive income data for the year ended June 30, 2018, for the Transition Period and for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 and the selected combined statements of financial position data as of June 30, 2018, June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 are derived from the audited combined financial statements of Bioceres appearing elsewhere in this report. The selected combined statement of comprehensive income data for Bioceres for the three-month period ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 and the selected combined statements of financial position data as of September 30, 2018 are derived from the unaudited interim condensed combined financial statements appearing elsewhere in this report, which in the opinion of management, include all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair statement of the results for the unaudited interim periods. We have not included financial information as of and for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, as such information is not available on a basis that is consistent with the combined financial information included in this report without unreasonable effort or expense. Bioceres’ combined financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards, which we refer to as IFRS, as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board.

 

The information in this section is not intended to replace the audited and unaudited financial statements appearing elsewhere in this report. Bioceres’ historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results that should be expected in the future, and the results for the three months ended September 30, 2018 are not necessarily indicative of the results that should be expected for the full year ending June 30, 2019, or any other interim periods or any future year or period. Actual future results are likely to be different from the amounts presented, and such differences may be significant.

 

You should read this selected financial data together with “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects” and the financial statements and accompanying notes included in this report. The historical results are not necessarily indicative of Bioceres’ future results of operations or financial condition.

 

Selected Combined Statement of Comprehensive Income of Bioceres

 

 

 

Three-Month Period Ended
September 30,

 

Year Ended
June 30,

 

Six-Month
Transition
Period Ended
June 30,

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2018

 

2017

 

2018

 

2017

 

2016(1)

 

2015(2)

 

 

 

(unaudited)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(US$)

 

Total revenue

 

29,612,224

 

33,874,161

 

133,542,704

 

46,885,310

 

41,169,249

 

5,206,091

 

Cost of Sales

 

(14,499,010

)

(20,011,633

)

(77,094,551

)

(29,613,158

)

(30,598,956

)

(3,837,242

)

Research and development expenses

 

(1,048,492

)

(938,374

)

(3,950,100

)

(1,990,268

)

(853,854

)

(302,774

)

Selling, general and administrative expenses

 

(6,080,485

)

(8,395,208

)

(35,263,688

)

(15,689,598

)

(8,827,121

)

(1,401,037

)

Share of profit or loss of joint ventures and associates

 

80,156

 

55,117

 

(2,136,801

)

(649,075

)

(707,042

)

(858,158

)

Other income or loss

 

101,611

 

(56,878

)

613,389

 

54,252

 

24,765

 

12

 

Operating income/(loss)

 

8,166,004

 

4,527,185

 

15,710,953

 

(1,002,537

)

207,041

 

(1,193,108

)

Finance income

 

12,464,317

 

1,326,714

 

26,982,795

 

1,762,484

 

156,468

 

1,569,592

 

 

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Three-Month Period Ended
September 30,

 

Year Ended
June 30,

 

Six-Month
Transition
Period Ended
June 30,

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2018

 

2017

 

2018

 

2017

 

2016(1)

 

2015(2)

 

 

 

(unaudited)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(US$)

 

Finance costs

 

(26,199,971

)

(6,766,835

)

(67,933,511

)

(11,955,747

)

(8,406,045

)

(879,769

)

Loss before income tax

 

(5,569,650

)

(912,936

)

(25,239,763

)

(11,195,800

)

(8,042,536

)

(503,285

)

Income tax benefit/(expense)

 

1,970,393

 

289,837

 

10,928,517

 

2,817,251

 

1,860,647

 

(690,726

)

Loss for the period/year

 

(3,599,257

)

(623,099

)

(14,311,246

)

(8,378,549

)

(6,181,889

)

(1,194,011

)

Other comprehensive loss(3)

 

(16,395,253

)

(4,156,488

)

(31,833,554

)

(2,714,241

)

(4,579,700

)

 

Total comprehensive loss

 

(19,994,510

)

(4,779,587

)

(46,144,800

)

(11,092,790

)

(10,761,589

)

(1,194,011

)

Non-IFRS measures

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA (unaudited)(4)

 

8,991,963

 

6,868,344

 

22,370,693

 

4,133,308

 

8,775,411

 

(1,116,215

)

 


Notes:—

(1)               Combined statements of profit or loss and other comprehensive income for the year ended December 31, 2016 include results of operations of Rizobacter from October 19, 2016 to December 31, 2016 (the period beginning on the date whereupon Bioceres acquired control of Rizobacter).

(2)               Combined statements of profit or loss and other comprehensive income for the year ended December 31, 2015 do not include the consolidated statements of profit or loss and other comprehensive income of Rizobacter, control of which Bioceres acquired on October 19, 2016.

(3)               Includes (i) exchange differences on translation of foreign operations from joint ventures, (ii) exchange differences on translation of foreign operations, (iii) revaluation of property, plant and equipment, net tax from joint ventures and (iv) revaluation of property, plant and equipment, net of tax.

(4)               To provide investors with additional information regarding Bioceres’ financial results, Bioceres monitors and has presented within this report Adjusted EBITDA. Adjusted EBITDA is not a measurement of financial performance under IFRS and should not be considered an alternative to cash flow from operating activities or as a measure of liquidity or an alternative to profit/(loss) as indicators of operating performance or any other measures of performance derived in accordance with IFRS. Bioceres defines Adjusted EBITDA as profit / (loss) exclusive of financial income / (costs), income tax benefit / (expense), depreciation, amortization, share-based compensation and inventory purchase price allocation. See “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—A. Operating Results—Non-IFRS Financial Measures.”

 

The table below provides a reconciliation of our loss for the periods to Adjusted EBITDA:

 

 

 

Three-Month Period
Ended September 30,

 

Year Ended
June 30,

 

Six-Month
Transition
Period
Ended June
30, 2017

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2018

 

2017

 

2018

 

2017

 

2016

 

2015

 

 

 

(unaudited)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(US$)

 

Reconciliation of Net Loss to Adjusted EBITDA:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Loss for the period/year

 

(3,599,257

)

(623,099

)

(14,311,246

)

(8,378,549

)

(6,181,889

)

(1,194,011

)

Income tax (benefit)/expense

 

(1,970,393

)

(289,837

)

(10,928,517

)

(2,817,251

)

(1,860,647

)

690,726

 

Finance costs

 

26,199,971

 

6,766,835

 

67,933,511

 

11,955,747

 

8,406,045

 

879,769

 

Finance income

 

(12,464,317

)

(1,326,714

)

(26,982,795

)

(1,762,484

)

(156,468

)

(1,569,592

)

 

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Three-Month Period
Ended September 30,

 

Year Ended
June 30,

 

Six-Month
Transition
Period
Ended June
30, 2017

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2018

 

2017

 

2018

 

2017

 

2016

 

2015

 

 

 

(unaudited)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(US$)

 

Depreciation of property, plant and equipment

 

404,284

 

634,431

 

2,230,881

 

1,254,657

 

584,293

 

71,277

 

Amortization of intangible assets

 

417,871

 

577,033

 

2,141,476

 

1,418,529

 

424,179

 

2,331

 

Inventory purchase price allocation charge

 

 

1,119,155

 

2,257,378

 

2,436,949

 

7,516,071

 

 

Stock-based compensation charges

 

3,804

 

10,540

 

30,005

 

25,710

 

43,827

 

3,285

 

Adjusted EBITDA (unaudited)

 

8,991,963

 

6,868,344

 

22,370,693

 

4,133,308

 

8,775,411

 

(1,116,215

)

 

Selected Combined Statement of Financial Position of Bioceres

 

 

 

Bioceres

 

 

 

As of
September 30,
2018

 

As of June 30,
2018

 

As of June 30,
2017

 

As of
December 31,
2016

 

 

 

(unaudited)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(US$)

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

3,255,981

 

2,215,103

 

1,679,478

 

982,897

 

Total assets

 

206,140,159

 

196,638,764

 

239,871,051

 

250,522,746

 

Borrowings

 

92,939,227

 

91,017,133

 

74,990,135

 

64,687,486

 

Total liabilities

 

173,553,055

 

163,505,108

 

162,631,985

 

166,852,003

 

Total equity

 

32,587,104

 

33,133,656

 

77,239,066

 

83,670,743

 

 

The unaudited pro forma combined financial information

 

On March 14, 2019, UAC consummated the previously announced business combination pursuant to the Exchange Agreement, by and among UAC and Bioceres, Inc., a company incorporated under the laws of Delaware, which converted into Bioceres LLC pursuant to the Reorganization on February 28, 2019.

 

The unaudited pro forma combined financial information has been derived by the application of pro forma adjustments to the historical combined financial statements of Bioceres, which have been presented to give effect to the business combination which is accounted for as a reverse recapitalization and the exercise of the Rizobacter Call Option (the “events”). UAC’s financial statements, which have been historically prepared under U.S. GAAP, have been adjusted to be presented under IFRS for the purposes of preparing the unaudited pro forma combined financial information.

 

Introduction

 

The unaudited pro forma combined statement of financial position as of September 30, 2018 is based on the historical statement of financial position of Bioceres (presented in accordance with IFRS) and the historical statement of financial position of UAC as of September 30, 2018 (adjusted to be presented in accordance with

 

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IFRS) to reflect the business combination, the accounting effects of the reverse recapitalization and the exercise of the Rizobacter Call Option, as if those events have occurred on September 30, 2018.

 

The unaudited pro forma condensed combined statement of income combines the historical audited results of operations of Bioceres for the year ended June 30, 2018 (presented in accordance with IFRS), with the historical unaudited results of operations of UAC for the period from November 14, 2017 (inception) to June 30, 2018 (adjusted to be presented in accordance with IFRS and to conform to Bioceres’ historical financial reporting periods) and gives pro forma effect to the events as if those had been consummated on July 1, 2017. The unaudited pro forma condensed combined statement of income for the three months ended September 30, 2018 combines the unaudited historical combined statement of income of Bioceres for the three-month period ended September 30, 2018 (presented in accordance with IFRS) with the unaudited historical condensed combined statement of income of UAC for the three-month period ended September 30, 2018 (adjusted to be presented in accordance with IFRS and to conform to Bioceres’ historical financial reporting periods), giving effect to the events as if those had occurred as of the beginning of the earliest period presented.

 

The unaudited pro forma adjustments are based on estimates, available information and certain assumptions that UAC and Bioceres believe are reasonable, factually supportable and directly attributable to the events. The unaudited pro forma adjustments and primary assumptions are described in the accompanying notes. The unaudited pro forma combined statement of income is being provided for illustrative purposes only and does not purport to represent what our results of operations or result for the period would have been if the events had occurred on the dates indicated, and are not intended to project our results of operations or results for any future period. Any of the factors underlying these estimates and assumptions may change or prove to be materially different and the estimates and assumptions may not be representative of facts that exist upon the consummation of the business combination.

 

Description of the business combination

 

On November 8, 2018, UAC entered into the Exchange Agreement, pursuant to which UAC will, among other things, purchase from Bioceres LLC (the “Seller”) the Bioceres stock and all of the Seller’s majority equity interest in Bioceres Semillas. As consideration for the transfer of all of the issued and outstanding shares of Bioceres stock and 87.2739% of the issued and outstanding equity interest in Bioceres Semillas to UAC, UAC will issue 27,116,174 ordinary shares (the “Exchange Shares”) and 7,500,000 warrants to the Seller.

 

In addition, on October 22, 2018, the Parent, RASA Holding and the Grantors entered into the Rizobacter Call Option Agreement, pursuant to which the Beneficiaries would have the option to purchase from the Grantors all of their Rizobacter Stock, representing 29.99% of all outstanding common stock of Rizobacter. Concurrently with the closing of business combination, the Rizobacter Call Option was exercised, pursuant to which the total indirect ownership of BCS Holding in Rizobacter increased to 80.00% of all outstanding stock of Rizobacter. The consideration for the Rizobacter Call Option was US$1,265,000 in cash and US$48,715,000 in UAC shares.

 

Accounting for the business combination

 

The business combination will be accounted for as a “reverse recapitalization”. Under this method of accounting, UAC will be treated as the “acquired” company for financial reporting purposes. This determination is primarily based on Bioceres’ equity holders expecting to have a majority of the voting rights of the combined company, Bioceres comprising the ongoing operations of the combined company, Bioceres comprising a majority of the governing body of the combined company, and Bioceres’ senior management comprising the majority members of the management of the combined company. Accordingly, for accounting purposes, the business combination will be treated as the equivalent of Bioceres issuing stock for the net assets of UAC, accompanied by a recapitalization. The net assets of UAC will be stated at historical cost, with no goodwill or other intangible assets recorded. It will be assumed that operations prior to the business combination will be those of Bioceres.

 

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Pro Forma Presentation

 

The unaudited pro forma combined financial information has been derived by the application of pro forma adjustments to the historical combined financial statements of Bioceres, which have been presented to give effect to the business combination which is accounted for as a reverse recapitalization and the exercise of the Rizobacter Call Option.

 

The unaudited pro forma combined statement of financial position as of September 30, 2018 is based on the historical statement of financial position of Bioceres presented in accordance with IFRS and the historical statement of financial position of UAC as of September 30, 2018, adjusted in accordance with IFRS to reflect the business combination, the accounting effects of the reverse recapitalization and the exercise of the Rizobacter Call Option, as if those events have occurred on September 30, 2018.

 

The unaudited pro forma condensed combined statement of income combines the historical audited results of operations of Bioceres for the year ended June 30, 2018, with the historical unaudited results of operations of UAC for the period from November 14, 2017 (inception) to June 30, 2018 and gives pro forma effect to the events as if those had been consummated on July 1, 2017. The unaudited pro forma condensed combined statement of income for the three months ended September 30, 2018 combines the unaudited historical combined statement of income of Bioceres for the three-month period ended September 30, 2018 with the unaudited historical condensed combined statement of income of UAC for the three-month period ended September 30, 2018, giving effect to the events as if those had occurred at the beginning of the earliest period presented.

 

You should read the information contained in this section in conjunction with “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects,” the historical audited combined financial statements of Bioceres and the accompanying notes included elsewhere in this report. Certain line items of the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information of UAC included herein were aligned to Bioceres’ in order to conform to the presentation standards used in Bioceres’ combined financial statements. In addition, UAC’s historical financial reporting periods have been adjusted to conform to Bioceres’ historical financial reporting periods.

 

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Table of Contents

 

Unaudited pro forma combined statement of financial position as of September 30, 2018

 

 

 

I

 

II

 

 

III
Pro forma

 

 

IV
Rizobacter

 

 

V
Pro forma

 

 

 

Bioceres

 

UAC

 

 

adjustments

 

 

call option

 

 

combined

 

ASSETS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CURRENT ASSETS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

3,255,981

 

633,599

 

 

1,253,878

 

B

 

 

5,143,458

 

Other financial assets

 

4,562,725

 

117,076,074

 

 

(117,076,074

)

B C

 

 

4,562,725

 

Trade receivables

 

52,806,907

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

52,806,907

 

Other receivables

 

4,982,346

 

280,337

 

 

 

 

 

 

5,262,683

 

Income and minimum presumed income taxes recoverable

 

1,476,193

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,476,193

 

Inventories

 

25,089,935

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

25,089,935

 

Total current assets

 

92,174,087

 

117,990,010

 

 

(115,822,196

)

 

 

 

94,341,901

 

NON-CURRENT ASSETS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other financial assets

 

284,683

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

284,683

 

Other receivables

 

4,899,666

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4,899,666

 

Income and minimum presumed income taxes recoverable

 

521,037

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

521,037

 

Deferred tax assets

 

597,522

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

597,522

 

Investments in joint ventures

 

22,509,645

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

22,509,645

 

Property, plant and equipment

 

37,441,647

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

37,441,647

 

Intangible assets

 

29,873,603

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

29,873,603

 

Goodwill

 

17,838,269

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

17,838,269

 

Total non-current assets

 

113,966,072

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

113,966,072

 

Total assets

 

206,140,159

 

117,990,010

 

 

(115,822,196

)

 

 

 

208,307,973

 

LIABILITIES

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CURRENT LIABILITIES

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Trade and other payables

 

37,881,886

 

79,468

 

 

 

 

 

 

37,961,354

 

Borrowings

 

71,235,483

 

 

 

 

 

1,265,000

 

E

72,500,483

 

Employee benefits and social security

 

4,210,621

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4,210,621

 

Deferred revenue and advances from customers

 

2,831,527

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2,831,527

 

Income and minimum presumed income taxes payable

 

579

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

579

 

Government grants

 

6,257

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

6,257

 

Financed payment - Acquisition of business

 

20,616,463

 

 

 

95,798

 

D

(14,985,000

)

E

5,727,261

 

Ordinary shares subject to possible redemption

 

 

112,910,534

 

A

(112,910,534

)

C

 

 

 

Total current liabilities

 

136,782,816

 

112,990,002

 

 

(112,814,736

)

 

(13,720,000

)

 

123,238,082

 

NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Borrowings

 

21,703,744

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

21,703,744

 

Government grants

 

10,871

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10,871

 

Investments in joint ventures

 

2,086,376

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2,086,376

 

Deferred tax liabilities

 

9,807,855

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

9,807,855

 

Provisions

 

458,874

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

458,874

 

Financed payment - Acquisition of business

 

2,702,519

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2,702,519

 

Total non-current liabilities

 

36,770,239

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

36,770,239

 

Total liabilities

 

173,553,055

 

112,990,002

 

 

(112,814,736

)

 

(13,720,000

)

 

160,008,321

 

EQUITY

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Equity attributable to owners of the parent

 

11,116,962

 

5,000,008

 

 

(3,007,459

)

C

24,636,806

 

F

37,746,317

 

Non-controlling interests

 

21,470,142

 

 

 

 

 

(10,916,806

)

F

10,553,336

 

Total equity

 

32,587,104

 

5,000,008

 

 

(3,007,459

)

 

13,720,000

 

 

48,299,653

 

Total equity and liabilities

 

206,140,159

 

117,990,010

 

 

(115,822,196

)

 

 

 

208,307,973

 

 

Notes to the pro forma combined statement of financial position as of September 30, 2018

 

I.                      This column is derived from the unaudited combined statement of financial position of Bioceres as of September 30, 2018.

 

II.                 This column is derived from the unaudited balance sheet of UAC as of September 30, 2018 that has been adjusted to be presented under IFRS.

 

A.                  This has been classified as current liabilities due to the closing date of the business combination.

 

III.            This column shows the pro forma adjustments regarding:

 

B.                  The reclassification between “Other financial assets” and “Cash and cash equivalents” related to the release of funds held in the trust account;

 

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C.               The payment for the redeemed shares and equity adjustments; and

 

D.                  Financial results accrued on the amount owned for the original Rizobacter purchase option, in light of the exercise of the Rizobacter Call Option.

 

IV.             This column shows the pro forma adjustments in consideration of the exercise of the Rizobacter Call Option. The consideration for the Rizobacter Call Option was US$1,265,000 in cash and US$48,715,000 in UAC shares. The pro forma adjustments for the Rizobacter Call Option are:

 

E.                   Cancellation of financed payment — cancellation of the payment made in connection with the original Rizobacter purchase option, in light of the exercise of the Rizobacter Call Option; and

 

F.                    Equity adjustments for the acquisition of the 29.99% equity interest in Rizobacter in consideration of the Rizobacter Call Option and issuance of UAC shares mentioned above.

 

V.                  This column represents the unaudited pro forma combined statement of financial position as of September 30, 2018 for the business combination under IFRS and reflects all adjustments in columns I to IV above.

 

Unaudited pro forma combined statement of income for the three-month period ended September 30, 2018:

 

 

 

I

 

II

 

III

 

 

IV

 

 

 

Historical
Bioceres

 

Historical
UAC

 

Pro forma
adjustments

 

 

Pro forma
combined

 

Revenue

 

29,605,745

 

 

 

 

29,605,745

 

Government grants

 

6,479

 

 

 

 

6,479

 

Total revenue

 

29,612,224

 

 

 

 

29,612,224

 

Cost of sales

 

(14,499,010

)

 

 

 

(14,499,010

)

Research and development expenses

 

(1,048,492

)

 

 

 

(1,048,492

)

Selling, general and administrative expenses

 

(6,080,485

)

(159,688

)

 

 

(6,240,173

)

Share of loss of joint ventures

 

80,156

 

 

 

 

80,156

 

Other income or expenses, net

 

101,611

 

 

 

 

101,611

 

Operating profit or loss

 

8,166,004

 

(159,688

)

 

 

8,006,316

 

Finance income

 

12,464,317

 

507,664

 

(507,664

)

A

12,464,317

 

Finance costs

 

(26,199,971

)

 

(95,798

)

B

(26,295,769

)

Income or loss before income tax

 

(5,569,650

)

347,976

 

(603,462

)

 

(5,825,136

)

Income tax benefit

 

1,970,393

 

 

28,739

 

B

1,999,132

 

Income or loss for the period

 

(3,599,257

)

347,976

 

(574,723

)

 

(3,826,004

)

Attributable to:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Equity holders of the parent

 

(2,618,445

)

347,976

 

(1,065,129

)

C

(3,335,598

)

Non-controlling interest

 

(980,812

)

 

490,406

 

C

(490,406

)

 

 

(3,599,257

)

347,976

 

(574,723

)

 

(3,826,004

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted average shares outstanding, basic and diluted

 

 

2,875,000

 

32,848,918

 

D

36,120,517

 

Basic and diluted net loss per ordinary share

 

 

(0.04

)

 

 

(0.09

)

 

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Notes to the pro forma combined statement of income for the three-month period ended September 30, 2018

 

I.                   This column is derived from the historical unaudited interim combined statement of income of Bioceres for three-month period ended September 30, 2018.

 

II.                 This column is derived from the historical interim statement of income of UAC for three-month period ended September 30, 2018 that has been adjusted to be presented under IFRS.

 

III.            This column shows the pro forma adjustments for:

 

A.                  Reversing of financial income from the marketable securities held in the trust account.

 

B.                  Accrued finance costs on the 9.99% call option as if it had been exercised on July 1, 2017, net of income tax at the statutory rate of 30%.

 

C.                  Reclassification of income or loss attributable to equity holders of the Parent and non-controlling interest in consideration of the full exercise of the Rizobacter Call Option (and the acquisition of 29.99% equity interest in Rizobacter) as if it had been exercised on July 1, 2017.

 

D.                  This adjustment represents: (i) the capitalization of ordinary shares not redeemed, (ii) rights conversions into ordinary shares, (iii) shares that were registered pursuant to the Form S-4 filed with the SEC on February 11, 2019 constituting consideration in the business combination, (iv) shares issued to the Grantors and (v) shares issued in connection with Bioceres Semillas’ shareholders’ tag-along exercise.

 

IV.             This column represents the unaudited pro forma combined statement of income for the business combination under IFRS and reflects all adjustments in columns I to III above.

 

Pro Forma Earnings Per Share (EPS)

 

The table below reflects the adjustments to basic and diluted net income per share for the effect of the business combination, assuming such transactions occurred on July 1, 2017, for the three-month period ended September 30, 2018.

 

 

 

EPS of Pro
Forma
Combined

 

Numerator:

 

 

 

Net Income (Loss) attributable to equity holders of the parent

 

(3,335,598

)

 

 

 

 

Denominator:

 

 

 

UAC weighted average shares outstanding, basic and diluted

 

2,875,000

 

Capitalization of ordinary shares not redeemed

 

123,164

 

Rights conversion into ordinary shares

 

1,150,000

 

Registered shares constituting consideration in the business combination

 

27,116,174

 

Shares issued to the Grantors

 

4,736,736

 

Bioceres Semillas’ shareholders’ tag-along exercise

 

119,443

 

Basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding

 

36,120,517

 

 

 

 

 

Basic and diluted net loss per ordinary share

 

(0.09

)

 

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Unaudited pro forma combined statement of income for the year ended June 30, 2018:

 

 

 

I

 

II

 

III

 

 

IV

 

 

 

Historical
Bioceres

 

Historical
UAC

 

Pro forma
adjustments

 

 

Pro forma
combined

 

Revenue

 

133,491,118

 

 

 

 

133,491,118

 

Government grants

 

51,586

 

 

 

 

51,586

 

Total revenue

 

133,542,704

 

 

 

 

133,542,704

 

Cost of sales

 

(77,094,551

)

 

 

 

(77,094,551

)

Research and development expenses

 

(3,950,100

)

 

 

 

(3,950,100

)

Selling, general and administrative expenses

 

(35,263,688

)

(355,847

)

 

 

(35,619,535

)

Share of loss of joint ventures

 

(2,136,801

)

 

 

 

(2,136,801

)

Other income or expenses, net

 

613,389

 

 

 

 

613,389

 

Operating profit or loss

 

15,710,953

 

(355,847

)

 

 

15,355,106

 

Finance income

 

26,982,795

 

418,410

 

(418,410

)

A

26,982,795

 

Finance costs

 

(67,933,511

)

 

(379,531

)

B

(68,313,042

)

Income or loss before income tax

 

(25,239,763

)

62,563

 

(797,941

)

 

(25,975,141

)

Income tax benefit

 

10,928,517

 

 

113,859

 

B

11,042,376

 

Income or loss for the period

 

(14,311,246

)

62,563

 

(684,082

)

 

(14,932,765

)

Attributable to:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Equity holders of the parent

 

(11,039,533

)

62,563

 

(2,319,939

)

C

(13,296,909

)

Non-controlling interest

 

(3,271,713

)

 

1,635,857

 

C

(1,635,856

)

 

 

(14,311,246

)

62,563

 

(684,082

)

 

(14,932,765

)

Weighted average shares outstanding, basic and diluted

 

 

2,893,654

 

33,049,231

 

D

35,942,885

 

Basic and diluted net loss per ordinary share

 

 

(0.12

)

 

 

(0.37

)

 

Notes to the pro forma combined statement of income for the year ended June 30, 2018

 

I.                      This column is derived from the historical combined statement of income of Bioceres for the year ended June 30, 2018.

 

II.                 This column is derived from the historical statement of income of UAC for period from November 14, 2017 (inception) through June 30, 2018.

 

III.            This column shows the pro forma adjustments for:

 

A.                  Reversing of financial income from the marketable securities held in the trust account.

 

B.                  Accrued finance costs on the 9.99% call option as if it had been exercised on July 1, 2017, net of income tax.

 

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C.                  Reclassification of income or loss attributable to equity holders of the Parent and non-controlling interest in consideration of the full exercise of the Rizobacter Call Option (and the acquisition of 29.99% equity interest in Rizobacter) as if it had been exercised on July 1, 2017.

 

D.                  This adjustment represents: (i) the capitalization of ordinary shares not redeemed, (ii) rights conversions into ordinary shares, (iii) shares that were registered  pursuant to the Form S-4 filed with the SEC on February 11, 2019 constituting consideration in the business combination, (iv) shares issued to the Grantors and (v) shares issued in connection with Bioceres Semillas’ shareholders’ tag-along exercise.

 

IV.                               This column represents the unaudited pro forma combined statement of income for the business combination under IFRS and reflects all adjustments in columns I to III above.

 

Pro Forma Earnings Per Share (EPS)

 

 

 

EPS of Pro
Forma
Combined

 

Numerator:

 

 

 

Net Income (Loss) attributable to equity holders of the parent

 

(13,296,909

)

 

 

 

 

Denominator:

 

 

 

UAC weighted average shares outstanding, basic and diluted

 

2,697,368

 

Capitalization of ordinary shares not redeemed

 

123,164

 

Rights conversion into ordinary shares

 

1,150,000

 

Registered shares constituting consideration in the business combination

 

27,116,174

 

Shares issued to the Grantors

 

4,736,736

 

Bioceres Semillas’ shareholders’ tag-along exercise

 

119,443

 

Basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding

 

35,942,885

 

 

 

 

 

Basic and diluted net loss per ordinary share

 

(0.37

)

 

B.                  Capitalization and Indebtedness

 

The following table sets forth our total capitalization as of September 30, 2018:

 

·                   on an actual basis;

 

·                   on a pro forma basis to reflect (i) the capitalization of ordinary shares not redeemed for an amount of $2.0 million, and (ii) payment and shares issued to the Grantors for an amount of $13.7 million.

 

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As of
September 30,
2018

 

Pro forma as of
September 30,
2018

 

Short-term debt

 

91,851,946

 

78,227,744

 

Long-term debt (excluding current portions)

 

24,406,263

 

24,406,263

 

Total debt

 

116,258,209

 

102,634,007

 

Parent investment

 

60,113,094

 

60,113,094

 

Reverse recapitalization and exercise of Rizobacter call option

 

 

26,629,355

 

Accumulated deficit and other reserves

 

(48,996,132

)

(48,996,132

)

Equity attributable to equity holders of the parent

 

11,116,962

 

37,746,317

 

Equity attributable to non-controlling interests

 

21,470,142

 

10,553,336

 

Total capitalization

 

148,845,313

 

150,933,659

 

 

C.                  Reasons for the Offer and Use of Proceeds

 

Not applicable.

 

D.                  Risk Factors

 

The following risk factors apply to the business and operations of Bioceres Crop Solutions following the completion of the business combination. The occurrence of one or more of the events or circumstances described in these risk factors, alone or in combination with other events or circumstances, may have a material adverse effect on the business, cash flows, financial condition and results of operations of Bioceres Crop Solutions. You should carefully consider the following risk factors in addition to the other information included in this report, including matters addressed in the section entitled “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.” We may face additional risks and uncertainties that are not presently known to us, or that we currently deem immaterial, which may also impair our business or financial condition. The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes to the financial statements included herein.

 

Risks Related to Our Business

 

We may not be successful in developing marketable or commercial technologies.

 

Our success depends in part on our ability to identify and develop high-value crop productivity technologies for use in commercial products. Through our technology sourcing and product development collaborations we commit substantial efforts and other resources to accomplish this. It may take several years, if at all, before many of our products complete the development process and become available for production and commercialization.

 

As of the date of this report, many of our products have been commercialized by Rizobacter, including Rizoderma, crop protection products in the Maxim line and a variety of adjuvants and packs. There can be no assurance that our future crop productivity technologies will be viable for commercial use, or that we will be able to generate revenues from those technologies, in a significant manner or at all. If seeds or other products that contain our seed traits or technology are unsuccessful in achieving their desired effect or otherwise fail to be commercialized, we will not receive revenues from our customers or royalty payments from the commercialization of the seed traits and technologies we develop, which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and growth strategy.

 

Seeds containing the seed traits or biological treatments that we develop may be unsuccessful or fail to achieve commercialization for any of the following reasons:

 

·                        our seed traits or biological treatments may not be successfully validated in the target crops;

 

·                        our seed traits or biological treatments may not have the desired effect on the relevant crop sought by our end-market;

 

·                        we or our joint ventures or collaborators may be unable to obtain the requisite regulatory approvals for the seeds containing our seed traits or for our biological treatments;

 

·                        our competitors may launch competing or more effective seed traits, biological treatments or germplasms;

 

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·                        a market may not exist for seeds containing our seed traits or biological treatments or such products may not be commercially successful;

 

·                        we may be unable to patent and/or obtain breeders’ rights or any other intellectual property rights on our traits and technologies in the necessary jurisdictions;

 

·                        even if we obtain patent and/or breeders’ rights or any other intellectual property rights on our seed traits, such rights may be later challenged by competitors or other parties; and

 

·                        even if we obtain patent and/or breeders’ rights or any other intellectual property rights on our seed traits, competitors may design competing products that do not infringe these intellectual property rights.

 

Our business and the commercialization of our products currently in development are subject to various government regulations and we or our collaborators may be unable to obtain, or may face delays in obtaining, necessary regulatory approvals.

 

Our business is generally subject to two types of regulations: (i) those that apply to our operations and (ii) those that apply to products containing or based on our technology. We are responsible for applying for and maintaining the regulatory approvals necessary for our operations, particularly those covering our field trials, bio-safety evaluations and feed and food tests. Under the terms of our joint venture agreements, we and our joint venture partners are jointly responsible for obtaining and maintaining the regulatory approvals necessary for the commercialization of products that contain our seed traits and other technologies in the various relevant markets. As an operational matter, we generally lead these processes in Argentina through our affiliate, Instituto de Agrobiotecnologia Rosario S.A. (“INDEAR”), and our international subsidiaries or our collaborators lead these efforts in the United States, China, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and other international markets. In the future, we expect to seek regulatory approvals in other markets. Regulatory and legislative requirements affect the development, production and sale of our products, including the testing, commercializing and planting of seeds containing our biotechnology seed traits. Failure to receive such approvals or non-compliance with the applicable regulatory regime could adversely impact our operations and business strategy. Additionally, we may face difficulties in obtaining regulatory approvals in jurisdictions in which we have not previously operated or in which we have limited experience.

 

In most of our key target markets, including the United States, regulatory approvals must be received prior to the importation and commercialization of transgenic products. Regulatory regimes in some of our key target markets may be more onerous. For example, in Argentina, the federal government’s regulation of agricultural biotechnology is handled primarily by two agencies, the Argentine National Advisory Commission on Agricultural Biotechnology ( Comisión Nacional Asesora de Biotecnología Agropecuaria ) (“CONABIA”), which regulates activity related to biosafety, and the National Food Safety and Quality Service ( Servicio Nacional de Sanidad y Calidad Agroalimentaria ), or SENASA, which regulates activity related to food and feed safety. Additionally, the National Market Regulator ( Dirección Nacional de Mercados ) must conduct an economic evaluation. When products containing our seed traits or other technology reach large-scale field trials, bio-safety evaluations and commercial approval stages, if we, our joint ventures or other collaborators are unable to obtain the requisite regulatory approvals or if there is a delay in obtaining such approvals as a result of negative market perception, heightened regulatory standards or unfamiliarity with the applicable regulatory regime, such products will not be commercialized, which would negatively impact our business and results of operations.

 

Our EcoSeed business is dependent in large part on the success of a technology that we license and that remains subject to receipt of regulatory approval.

 

The majority of our biotechnology seed products currently under development incorporates HB4 technology (a yield improvement technology). We expect that the sale of biotech seeds that contain HB4 technology, our EcoSeed business, will comprise an increasingly significant portion of our future revenues. As a result, our future growth and financial performance will largely depend on our ability to receive regulatory approval for and to commercialize our HB4 technology, and if this effort is unsuccessful we may not have the

 

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resources to pursue development of our other products and our business could be materially and adversely affected. We also depend on our continued exclusive use of the HB4 technology pursuant to the terms of licensing agreements with the National Scientific and Technical Research Council of Argentina ( Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas ) (“CONICET”) and the National University of the Litoral. The Parent holds an exclusive license for HB4, which terminates on the expiration date of the last of the HB4 patents in 2033, unless terminated before such date in accordance with its terms. If this licensing agreement is declared unenforceable or invalid, we could lose access to one of our principal technologies and could become involved in a costly or time-consuming legal dispute.

 

The Parent is party to funding agreements pursuant to which certain investors have a right to the majority of the payments we may receive in connection with the commercialization of our technologies in certain crops.

 

Between 2005 and 2007, the Parent entered into agreements with various investors to obtain funding in the aggregate amount of US$1.0 million for research and early stage development of technology relating to a specific sunflower gene, Hahb 4, that is intended to promote drought tolerance in crops. The funding agreements grant the investors, in the aggregate, the right to receive 52.8% of the rights and royalties payable to us from the successful commercialization of the resulting technology with respect to soybean, wheat and corn. As of the date hereof, the promoter element of the technology developed in connection with our research and development of Hahb 4 is being incorporated into a leading soybean product that Verdeca is developing, which also incorporates our HB4 technology. In addition, the licenses of our HB4 technology that we have granted to other developers and our joint ventures with respect to certain crops include the Hahb 4 promoter element. Accordingly, we may have to pay third parties royalties otherwise due to us in the absence of these agreements and we may not receive the full economic benefit of the commercialization of certain of our technologies. In addition, the investors party to these funding arrangements may claim to be entitled to payments in addition to the royalties, which we believe are within the scope of such agreements. The investors may also dispute the allocation of revenue as it relates to the relative importance of our various technologies incorporated into a given product. We cannot be certain how a court would interpret any ambiguities regarding the scope of these funding agreements or other claims that may be raised by one or more investors pursuant to these funding agreements. Any dispute regarding these agreements could be costly and divert management’s attention from our operations, and if the investors are deemed to have rights to payments in excess of those we believe are applicable, our business, results of operations, cash flows and prospects would be materially and adversely affected. See “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—F. Tabular Disclosure of Contractual Obligations” and “Item 4. Information on the Company—B. Business Overview—Early Stage Technology Development Agreements.”

 

There are a limited number of prospective collaborators in the markets in which we operate.

 

Our Research and Development (“R&D”) and commercialization activities are costly, time-intensive and require significant infrastructure and resources. Therefore, our business strategy involves entering into joint venture arrangements with global agricultural firms to leverage their resources, know-how and channels of distribution and into collaborations with research institutions and governmental agencies to facilitate our low-cost approach to R&D. The crop productivity market is highly consolidated and dominated by a relatively small number of large companies. Additionally, there are a limited number of researchers and research institutions focused on the technologies that we seek to develop and competition for entry into collaboration arrangements with them can be challenging. Due to the small number of companies in our markets and the small number of potential collaborators, there are limited opportunities for us to pursue additional joint ventures and collaborations with new partners and collaborators. We may cease to be attractive to prospective collaborators if our technology platform or track record is not perceived to be sufficiently developed or successful or if, in the case of prospective joint venture partners, such prospective partners view us as a competitor and choose not to collaborate with us. In addition, if we fail to develop or maintain our relationships with any of our existing collaborators, we could lose our opportunity to work with that collaborator and suffer a reputational risk that could impact our relationships with other collaborators in what is a relatively small industry community. If we are unable to enter into new joint venture agreements or collaborations, we may face higher development costs than anticipated, greater difficulties in achieving commercialization, challenges in expanding our portfolio of technologies and distribution networks and commercial products, or other adverse impacts, which could have a material adverse effect on our business prospects.

 

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The licenses that we grant to certain of the joint ventures in which we participate and to certain third parties are exclusive with respect to certain territories and/or crops, limiting our ability to use the licensed technology and future technologies either independently or with another partner.

 

The license we have agreed to grant to Verdeca would be exclusive with respect to HB4 soybean technology worldwide and, although we would be permitted to use this technology, we would be prohibited from licensing it to third parties. The license we granted to Trigall Genetics is exclusive with respect to HB4 wheat technology in Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay. Pursuant to the terms of the licenses in each of the above-mentioned joint ventures, we reserve the rights to use such technologies for research and non-commercial purposes. We are prohibited from independently using the technology we licensed to Trigall Genetics and Verdeca with respect to wheat and soybean, respectively, within their exclusive field and territories. As a result, we are, to a certain extent, dependent on the efforts of our joint ventures and licensees that hold or will hold exclusive licenses to commercialize our technologies in those fields and territories. These licenses are valid so long as the respective joint venture operates and can be recuperated by us upon joint venture dissolution. The restrictions imposed by these licenses limit our flexibility to commercialize our technology and expand our business, both of which could adversely affect our business, results of operations and prospects.

 

Our product development cycle is lengthy and uncertain, and we may never generate revenues or earn royalties on the sale of our products currently in development.

 

R&D in the crop productivity industry is expensive, complex, prolonged and uncertain. We may spend many years and dedicate significant financial and other resources developing products that may never generate revenues or come to market. Our process of developing and commercializing technologies involves several phases and can take several years from discovery to commercialization of a product. On average, it takes between five and 13 years to develop a product for our crop productivity products. Some products will never reach the final stages of development.

 

Development of new or improved agricultural products involves risks of failure inherent in the development of products based on innovative and complex technologies. These risks include the possibility that:

 

·                        our products will fail to perform as expected in the field;

 

·                        our products will not receive necessary regulatory permits and governmental clearances in the markets in which we intend to sell them;

 

·                        our products may have adverse effects on consumers;

 

·                        consumer preferences, which are unpredictable and can vary greatly, may change quickly, making our products no longer desirable;

 

·                        our competitors develop new products that have other more appealing characteristics than our products;

 

·                        our products will be viewed as too expensive by food companies or growers as compared to competitive products;

 

·                        our products will be difficult to produce on a large scale or will not be economical to grow;

 

·                        intellectual property and other proprietary rights of third parties will prevent us, our R&D partners, or our licensees from marketing and selling our products;

 

·                        we may be unable to patent or otherwise obtain intellectual property protection for our discoveries in the necessary jurisdictions;

 

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·                        we or the customers that we sell our products to may be unable to fully develop or commercialize our products in a timely manner or at all; and

 

·                        third parties may develop superior or equivalent products.

 

We intend to continue to invest in R&D including additional and expanded field testing to validate potential products in real world conditions. Because of the long product development cycle and the complexities and uncertainties associated with biotech technologies, there can be no assurance that we will ever generate significant revenues from the technologies or products that we are currently developing without significant delay, without the incurrence of unanticipated costs or at all.

 

We or our collaborators may fail to perform our respective contractual obligations and we may have disputes with our collaborators.

 

Pursuant to our joint venture agreements, other agreements with our joint venture partners and collaboration arrangements, we are required to provide R&D services over a particular period of time and meet other contractual obligations. If we fail to perform our obligations under these agreements, our collaborators’ obligations to us may be reduced and, in other cases, our collaborators may seek to dissolve the corresponding joint venture or terminate their agreements with us and, as a result, our anticipated revenues may decrease. In addition, the failure of any of our collaborators to perform their contractual obligations, due to financial hardship, disagreement under the relevant agreement or for any other reason, may hinder our research collaboration, development and commercialization activities, increase our costs and materially and adversely affect our results of operations. Because some of our intellectual property has been licensed to various joint ventures for use in several different fields, the interests of each of our partners in these joint ventures may not always be aligned. As a result, it is possible that potential disputes may arise between us and our partners.

 

Our ability to generate value from our joint ventures and research collaborations will depend on, among other things, our ability to work cooperatively with our collaborators for the discovery, development and commercialization of our technology and products and we may be unable to do so. We cannot be sure that the division of labor will be successful in aiding the commercialization of our products. Furthermore, the agreements governing our partnership and collaborations are complex and cover a range of future activities. The occurrence of any negative event with respect to the above matters or a dispute between us and our partners or collaborators could delay our development and commercialization efforts, and lead to the dissolution of the partnership or collaboration. If disagreements with a collaborator arise, any such dispute could be costly, time-consuming to resolve and distracting to our management. Such a dispute may also negatively affect our relationship with one or more of our other collaborators and may hinder our ability to enter into future collaboration agreements. Any of these occurrences could negatively impact our business and results of operations.

 

Our joint venture agreements or any partnerships that we may enter into in the future may not be successful, which could adversely affect our ability to develop and commercialize our product candidates.

 

We may seek partnerships or joint venture arrangements with third parties for the development or commercialization of our product candidates depending on the merits of retaining commercialization rights for ourselves as compared to entering into partnerships or joint venture arrangements. We will face, to the extent that we decide to enter into partnerships or joint venture agreements, significant competition in seeking appropriate partners. Moreover, partnerships or joint venture arrangements are complex and time-consuming to negotiate document implement and maintain. We may not be successful in our efforts to establish and implement partnerships, joint ventures, or other alternative arrangements should we so chose to enter into such arrangements and any future partnerships or joint ventures that we enter into may not be successful. Furthermore, the terms of any partnerships, joint ventures, or other arrangements that we may establish may not be favorable to us.

 

The success of our R&D partnerships or joint venture arrangements will depend heavily on the efforts and activities of our partners. Our joint venture arrangements may present financial, managerial, and operational challenges, including potential disputes, liabilities, or contingencies and may involve risks not otherwise present when operating independently including:

 

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·                        partners may have business interests, goals or cultures that are or become inconsistent with our business interests, goals or culture;

 

·                        partners may have significant discretion in determining the efforts and resources that they will apply to partnerships or joint ventures;

 

·                        partners may not pursue development and commercialization of our potential products or may elect not to continue or renew development or commercialization programs based on trial results, changes in their strategic focus due to the acquisition of competitive products, availability of funding or other external factors, such as business combination that diverts resources or creates competing priorities;

 

·                        partners may delay trials, provide insufficient funding for a trial program, stop a trial, abandon a product candidate, repeat or conduct new trials or require a new formulation of a product candidate for testing;

 

·                        partners could independently develop, or develop with third parties, products that compete directly or indirectly with our products or product candidates;

 

·                        a partner with marketing manufacturing and distribution rights to one or more products may not commit sufficient resources to or otherwise not perform satisfactorily in carrying out these activities;

 

·                        we could grant exclusive rights to our partners that would prevent us from collaborating with others;

 

·                        partners may not properly maintain or defend our intellectual property rights or may use our intellectual property or proprietary information in a way that gives rise to actual or threatened litigation that could jeopardize or invalidate our intellectual property or proprietary information or expose us to potential liability;

 

·                        we may incur liabilities or losses as a result of an action taken by the joint venture or our joint venture partners;

 

·                        disputes may arise between us and a partner that causes the delay or termination of the research development or commercialization of our current or future products or that results in costly litigation or arbitration that diverts management attention and resources;

 

·                        our joint venture partners may act contrary to our instructions, requests, policies or objectives, which could reduce our return on investment, harm our reputation or restrict our ability to run our business;

 

·                        partnerships may be terminated, and, if terminated, may result in a need for additional capital to pursue further development or commercialization of the applicable current or future products;

 

·                        partners may own or co-own intellectual property covering our products that results from our partnering with them and in such cases, we would not have the exclusive right to develop or commercialize such intellectual property; and

 

·                        a partner’s sales and marketing activities or other operations may not comply with applicable laws resulting in civil or criminal proceedings.

 

The risks described above or the failure to continue any joint venture or joint development arrangement or to resolve disagreements with our current or future joint venture partners could materially and adversely affect our ability to transact the business that is the subject of such joint venture, which would in turn negatively affect our financial condition and results of operations.

 

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We may experience difficulties in collecting payments or royalties to which we believe we are entitled.

 

We sell certain of our products to distributors through Rizobacter and Bioceres Semillas, our proprietary commercial channels for crop productivity technologies. We also often license the use of certain technology to collaborators and licensees who use or will use the intellectual property to develop and commercialize seeds with improved seed traits. Additionally, we may be entitled under applicable intellectual property laws in the countries in which we operate to the payment of royalties from end users who subsequently multiply and use our seed technology. In each case, we may not actually receive the payments or royalties to which we are entitled, due to failure or refusal of the responsible parties to pay the amounts due. Failure to receive amounts owed to us could have an adverse impact on our business.

 

In the case of royalty payments from licensees, we rely on the good faith of the licensees to report to us the sales they earn from these products and to accurately calculate the royalties, to which we are entitled, processes that may involve complicated and difficult calculations. Under existing agreements, we have the right to inspect the inventory and accounts of multipliers of our seeds and licensees of our technologies; however, we must also rely on the good faith of end users to accurately report to us the multiplication of our seeds and remit royalty payments due in respect of the same, which may be respected to varying degrees in different jurisdictions given the absence of contractual privity and prevailing market practice.

 

Additionally, a licensee, collaborator or third party may use our intellectual property without our permission, dispute our ownership of certain intellectual property rights or argue that our intellectual property does not cover the joint venture’s marketed product.

 

We seek to address these concerns in our contractual agreements; however, we may not have contractual arrangements with the party in question and/or such provisions may not be effective. If these provisions prove to be ineffective, we may not be able to achieve our objectives of generating significant revenues from crop productivity products sales and royalties from our seed technologies. Furthermore, regardless of any resort to legal action, a dispute with an end-customer, a licensee or collaborator over intellectual property rights may damage our relationship with that licensee or collaborator and may also harm our reputation in the industry.

 

We depend on our key personnel and research collaborators and we may be adversely affected if we are unable to attract and retain qualified scientific and business personnel.

 

Our business is dependent on our ability to recruit and maintain highly skilled and educated individuals through direct employment or collaboration arrangements, with expertise in a range of disciplines, including biology, chemistry, plant genetics, agronomics, mathematics programming and other subjects relevant to our business. Our ability to recruit such a work force depends in part on our ability to maintain our market leadership in agricultural biotech industry in Argentina and Latin America. Maintaining our ability to attract highly-skilled workers and leading scientific institutions depends in part on our ability to maintain a strong technology platform and state-of-the-art facilities, as well as our ability to consistently and successfully commercialize our technology. There can be no assurance that we will be able to maintain leading scientific capabilities or continue to successfully maintain advanced technology in the market.

 

Our success is also dependent to a significant degree upon the technical skills and continued service of certain members of our management team, in particular those of our CEO, Dr. Federico Trucco. Dr. Trucco has occupied several positions at Bioceres since 2005 and has vast experience and knowledge of our business, strategy and technologies. Furthermore, he has developed and maintained strong relationships with our original shareholders. The cessation of Dr. Trucco’s employment for any reason could have a material and negative impact on us. In addition, the number of qualified and highly educated personnel in Argentina, where the majority of our operations are located, is limited and competition for the services of such persons may be intense. Our inability to secure, retain or find replacements for key management and technical personnel could adversely affect our business and could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, financial condition and growth prospects.

 

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We do not enter into non-compete agreements with our employees, and therefore we may be unable to prevent our competitors from benefiting from the expertise of our former employees.

 

We do not enter into non-compete agreements with our employees, which prevents us from limiting our key employees from joining our competitors or competing directly against us. As a result, we may be unable to prevent our competitors from benefiting from the expertise of such employees. Direct competition by a former employee could materially adversely affect our business, results of operations and ability to capitalize on our proprietary information.

 

We may be adversely affected by global economic conditions.

 

Our ability to continue to develop and grow our business, build proprietary distribution channels and generate revenues from product sales and royalty payments may be adversely affected by global economic conditions in the future, including instability in credit markets, declining consumer and business confidence, fluctuating commodity prices and interest rates, volatile exchange rates and other challenges that could affect the global economy such as the changing financial regulatory environment. For example, our customers and licensees may experience deterioration of their businesses, cash flow shortages or difficulties obtaining financing, which could adversely affect the demand for our technologies, products and services. In addition, our earnings may be adversely affected by fluctuations in the price of certain commodities, such as grains, milk, meat, biofuels and biomaterials. If commodity prices are negatively impacted, the value of our products could be directly and negatively impacted. Additionally, growers’ incomes have historically been negatively affected by commodity prices. As a result, fluctuations in commodity prices could have an impact on growers’ purchasing decisions and negatively affect their ability and decisions to purchase our seeds or products that incorporate our proprietary technology. We cannot anticipate all of the ways in which the current economic climate and financial market conditions could adversely impact our business.

 

Our crop productivity business is highly seasonal and affected by factors beyond our control, which may cause our sales and operating results to fluctuate significantly.

 

The sale of our products is dependent upon planting and growing seasons, which vary from year to year, and are expected to result in both highly seasonal patterns and substantial fluctuations in quarterly sales and profitability. Weather conditions and natural disasters, such as heavy rains, hail, floods, freezing conditions, windstorms, drought or fire, also affect decisions by our distributors, direct customers and end users about the types and amounts of products to use and the timing of harvesting and planting. Pergamino, Argentina where a large percentage of our operations are based, experienced intense flooding in late 2016. According to the Buenos Aires Grain Exchange, the average national yields of soybean and corn as of April 18, 2018 had registered decreases as a result of the drought. From December 2017 to March 2018, Argentina experienced a significant drought, which impacted crop yields. As we increase our sales in our current markets and expand into new markets in different geographies, it is possible that we may experience different seasonality patterns in our business. Disruptions may lead to delays in harvesting or planting by growers which can result in pushing orders to a future quarter, which could negatively affect results for the quarter in question and cause fluctuations in our operating results. Seasonal variations may be especially pronounced because our product lines are mainly sold in the Southern Hemisphere. Our seeds, biologicals and other crop input products sales tend to be comparatively low during the third and fourth quarters of our fiscal year, as soybean related sales peak in the second quarter. However, planting and growing seasons, climatic conditions and other variables on which sales of our products are dependent vary from year to year and quarter to quarter. As a result, we may experience substantial fluctuations in quarterly seed sales.

 

The overall level of seasonality in our business is difficult to evaluate as a result of our relatively early stage of development, our limited number of commercialized products, our expansion into new geographical territories, the introduction of new products and the timing of introductions of new products. It is possible that our business may be more seasonal or experience seasonality in different periods than anticipated. Other factors may also contribute to the unpredictability of our operating results, including the size and timing of significant distributor transactions, the delay or deferral of use of our commercial technology or products and the fiscal or quarterly budget cycles of our direct customers, distributors, licensees and end users. Customers may purchase

 

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large quantities of our products in a particular quarter to store and use over long periods of time or time their purchases to manage their inventories, which may cause significant fluctuations in our operating results for a particular quarter or year.

 

Our results of operations from our crop productivity products may vary significantly from period to period due to circumstances beyond our control.

 

The crop productivity market is affected by various factors that make their operations relatively unpredictable from period to period. The development of our products may be adversely affected by circumstances beyond our control. For our crop productivity products, factors beyond our control include weather and climatic variations, such as droughts or heat stress, or other factors we are unable to identify. For example, if there were a prolonged or permanent disruption to the electricity, climate control or water supply operating systems in our greenhouses or laboratories, the plants on which we are testing our seed traits and the samples we store in freezers, both of which are essential to our development activities, would be severely damaged or destroyed, adversely affecting our development activities and thereby our business and results of operations. We have experienced crop failures in the past for various reasons, which have resulted in re-start field trials and delays in achieving expected results.

 

The crop productivity market is also vulnerable to crop disease and to pests, which may vary in severity and effect, depending on the stage of production at the time of infection or infestation, the type of treatment applied, climatic conditions and the risks associated with ongoing global climate change. The costs to control disease and other infestations vary depending on the severity of the damage and the extent of the plantings affected. Moreover, there can be no assurance that available technologies to control such infestations will continue to be effective. These infestations can also increase costs, decrease revenues and lead to additional charges to earnings, which may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position and results of operations.

 

Any development or product failure we may experience or any inability to economically source necessary materials could result in increased cost of development of our crop productivity products, which may negatively impact our business and results of operations.

 

Certain estimates of market opportunity included in this report are based on assumptions that are inherently uncertain and subject to risks and uncertainties that could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition.

 

The information regarding market opportunity for EcoSoy and EcoWheat has been prepared by management and our assumptions underlying our statements about these market opportunities are inherently uncertain and are subject to significant business, economic, regulatory and competitive risks and other uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those set forth in the market opportunity. No independent third party has compiled, examined, or performed any procedures with respect to our potential market opportunities related to EcoSoy and/or EcoWheat, nor has any third party expressed any opinion or any other form of assurance on the information or its achievability by us, and no independent third party has assumed responsibility for, or claimed any association with, the information we have included herein regarding such potential market opportunities. The information regarding market opportunities for EcoSoy and EcoWheat is not fact and should not be relied upon as being indicative of future results. For example, we extrapolated from publicly available data for the past ten years to estimate soy and wheat production area in order to in turn estimate the size of EcoSoy and EcoWheat-related market opportunities. Changes in economic, climate, regulatory and other factors could significantly reduce the target area and our market opportunity. We also made assumptions regarding the number of bags of soybeans and wheat seeds needed to plant one hectare as well as other information, which in each case may prove to be materially incorrect. Furthermore, we may not be able to take advantage of these market opportunities even if they are available. Our failure to take advantage of market opportunities or to correctly size our market opportunity could have a material adverse effect on our ability to take advantage of our investments in EcoSoy and EcoWheat, and therefore on our business, operating results and financial condition.

 

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Consumer and government resistance to GM crops may negatively affect our public image and reduce sales of seeds or other products containing our seed traits.

 

We are active in the field of biotech development of seeds, including GM seeds and the successful commercialization of our products depends, in part, on public acceptance of genetically engineered agricultural products. Some consumers may reject foods made from GM seeds and production of certain GM crops is prohibited in certain countries due to food safety and environmental concerns. Any increase in negative perceptions of GM crops, or more restrictive government regulations in response thereto, could have a negative effect on our business and may delay or impair the development and commercialization of our products.

 

The commercial success of our products may be adversely affected by claims that biotechnology plant products are unsafe for consumption or use, pose risks of damage to the environment, or create legal, social and ethical dilemmas.

 

The high public profile of biotechnology in food production and food products and public attitudes about the safety and environmental hazards of, and ethical concerns over, genetic research and biotechnology plant products could negatively affect our public image and results of operations.

 

The prohibition of the production of certain GM crops in select countries and the current resistance from consumer groups to GM crops not only limits our access to such markets but also has the potential of spreading to and influencing the acceptance of products developed through biotechnology in other regions of the world and may also influence regulators in other countries to limit or ban production of GM crops, which could limit the commercial opportunities to exploit biotechnology. For example, in the United States, no product may be labelled as “organic” if it contains any genetically modified organisms (“GMO”). Additionally, some states in the United States are considering, and one state has passed a law relating to, mandatory labelling of GMO foods, which may carry a negative connotation for consumers and which could make it difficult and expensive for companies to use ingredients from GM crops and distribute products in compliance with the labelling requirements, each of which could in turn have an adverse impact on the sale of our GM seeds. In Argentina, a class action suit has been initiated against the national government and certain biotechnology companies, including the Parent, requesting, among other changes, the mandatory labelling of GM foods and environmental protection of land use. As of the date of this report, the plaintiffs’ request for an injunction against GMO approvals was rejected by the Federal Court of Appeals and an extraordinary appeal at the Supreme Court was filed, the practicable chances of success of which are low.

 

GM crops are grown principally in the United States, Brazil and Argentina, where there are fewer restrictions on the production of GM crops. If these or other countries where GM crops are grown or where we engage in business activities enact laws or regulations that ban the production of such crops or make regulations more stringent, we could experience a longer product development cycle for our products and may be forced to abandon projects related to certain crops or geographies, both of which would negatively affect our business and results of operations. Public attitudes towards ownership of genetic material and potential changes to laws regulating such ownership could weaken our intellectual property rights with respect to our genetic material and discourage R&D partners from supporting, developing or commercializing our products and technologies. Furthermore, any future labeling requirements could heighten these concerns and make consumers less likely to purchase food products containing gene-edited ingredients.

 

Competition in crop productivity products is intense and requires continuous technological development.

 

We currently face significant direct and indirect competition in the markets in which we operate. The markets for crop productivity products are intensely competitive and rapidly changing. Many companies engage in the development of crop productivity products, and speed in commercializing a new product can be a significant competitive advantage.

 

As an example, some of our competitors engage in research associated with discovery and therefore have R&D budgets allocated for crop productivity products that are more significant than our own R&D budget and

 

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that cover more activities than those in which we engage. In addition, former collaborators, by virtue of having had access to our proprietary technology, may utilize this insight for their own development efforts.

 

In most segments of the crop productivity markets, the number of products available to end-customers is steadily increasing as new products are introduced. We may be unable to compete successfully against our current and future competitors, which may result in price reductions, reduced margins and the inability to achieve market acceptance for products containing our seed traits and technology. In addition, many of our competitors have substantially greater financial, marketing, sales, distribution and technical resources than us and some of our competitors have more experience in R&D, regulatory matters, manufacturing and marketing. We anticipate increased competition in the future as new companies enter the market and new technologies become available. Programs to improve genetics and crop protection chemicals are generally concentrated within a relatively small number of large companies, while non-genetic approaches are underway with broader set of companies. Mergers and acquisitions in the plant science, specialty food ingredient and agricultural biotechnology seed and chemical industries may result in even more resources being concentrated among a smaller number of our competitors.

 

Our technology may be rendered obsolete or uneconomical by technological advances or entirely different approaches developed by one or more of our competitors, which will prevent or limit our ability to generate revenues from the commercialization of our seed traits and technology. At the same time, the expiration of patents covering existing products reduces the barriers to entry for competitors. Our ability to compete effectively and to achieve commercial success depends, in part, on our ability to control manufacturing and marketing costs; effectively price and market our products, successfully develop an effective marketing program and an efficient supply chain, develop new products with properties attractive to food manufacturers or growers and commercialize our products quickly without incurring major regulatory costs. We may not be successful in achieving these factors and any such failure may adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

 

We register and market soybean varieties with glyphosate tolerance technology, meaning those that have been genetically modified to tolerate herbicides based on glyphosate.

 

Changes in laws and regulations to which we are subject, or to which we may become subject in the future, may materially increase our costs of operation, decrease our operating revenues and disrupt our business.

 

Laws and regulatory standards and procedures that impact our business are continuously changing. Responding to these changes and meeting existing and new requirements may be costly and burdensome. Changes in laws and regulations may occur that could:

 

·                        impair or eliminate our ability to source technology and develop our products, including validating our products through field trials and passing biosafety evaluations;

 

·                        increase our compliance and other costs of doing business through increases in the cost to protect our intellectual property, including know-how, trade secrets and regulatory data, or increases in the cost to obtain the necessary regulatory approvals to commercialize and market the products we develop directly or jointly;

 

·                        require significant product redesign or redevelopment;

 

·                        render our seed traits and technology and products that incorporate them less profitable or less attractive compared to competing products;

 

·                        reduce the amount of revenues generated from government grants, licenses or other royalties; and

 

·                        discourage us and other collaborators from offering, and end-markets from purchasing, products that incorporate our seed traits and technology.

 

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Any of these events could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. We believe we currently are in compliance with regulations related to growing GM crops in Argentina and other countries; however, if these regulations change, our validation trials and compliance efforts may become costly and burdensome.

 

Any changes in regulation in countries where GM crops are grown or exported into could result in our collaborators, other third parties or us being unable or unwilling to develop, commercialize or sell products that incorporate our seed traits or technology. In addition, we rely on various forms of intellectual property protection. Legislation and jurisprudence on intellectual property in the key markets where we seek protection, such as the United States, Brazil and Argentina, is evolving and changes in laws could affect our ability to obtain or maintain intellectual property protection for our products. Any changes to these existing laws and regulations may materially increase our costs, decrease our revenues and disrupt our business.

 

Our substantial indebtedness could adversely affect our financial condition.

 

We have a significant amount of indebtedness. As of September 30, 2018, our total indebtedness (as defined in the Exchange Agreement) was US$99.4 million. We may incur additional indebtedness in the future. We also have a programme under which we could issue corporate bonds in a principal amount of up to US$40 million. Our high level of indebtedness could have important adverse consequences, including:

 

·                        limiting our ability to obtain additional financing to fund future working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions or other general corporate requirements;

 

·                        requiring a substantial portion of our cash flows to be dedicated to debt service payments instead of other purposes, thereby reducing the amount of cash flows available for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions and other general corporate purposes;

 

·                        increasing our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions;

 

·                        limiting our flexibility in planning for and reacting to changes in the industry in which we compete;

 

·                        placing us at a disadvantage compared to other, less leveraged competitors; and

 

·                        increasing the cost of borrowing.

 

The occurrence of any of the above may negatively impact our business and results of operations. As of June 30, 2018, due to the macroeconomic conditions in Argentina, Rizobacter failed to comply with certain financial ratio covenants under the Syndicated Loan Facility and obtained a waiver from the majority lenders. If any of our indebtedness gets accelerated as a result of our failure to meet certain covenants, the risks described above could intensify.

 

Price increases and shortages of raw materials could adversely affect our results of operations.

 

Our results of operations may be affected by the availability and pricing of raw materials, principally materials needed to design our technologies, such as raw glycerin. Factors such as changes in the global or regional levels of supply and demand, weather conditions, seasonal fluctuations, shortages or interruptions, changes in global climates and government regulations could substantially impact the price of raw materials. To the extent we are unable to pass on increases in raw materials and energy prices to our customers, a substantial increase in raw material prices or a continued interruption in supply could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

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The overall agricultural industry is susceptible to commodity price changes and we, along with our food manufacturing customers and grower customers, are exposed to market risks from changes in commodity prices.

 

Changes in the prices of certain commodity products could result in higher overall cost along the agricultural supply chain, which may negatively affect our ability to commercialize our products. We will be susceptible to changes in costs in the agricultural industry as a result of factors beyond our control, such as general economic conditions, seasonal fluctuations, weather conditions, demand, food safety concerns, product recalls and government regulations. As a result, we may not be able to anticipate or react to changing costs by adjusting our practices, which could cause our operating results to deteriorate.

 

We may be required to pay substantial damages as a result of product liability claims for which we do not have insurance.

 

Product liability claims are a commercial risk for our business, particularly as we are involved in the sale of commercial technology and the supply of biotechnological products, some of which may be shown in the future to be harmful to humans and the environment. We may be held liable if any product we develop, unsuitable during marketing, sale or consumption. We do not currently have insurance coverage for such claims. Courts have levied substantial damages in the United States and elsewhere against a number of companies in the agriculture industry in past years based upon claims for injuries allegedly caused by the use of their products.

 

In addition, we may face product liability and similar claims involving cross-pollination of crops, which recently has affected other companies in our industry operating in the United States, and cross-contamination of GMO and non-GMO ingredients. In Argentina, there are no precedents for product liability cases in the agricultural industry related to transgenic or biotechnology products; however, there has been at least one product liability case related to the use of pesticides.

 

There is a possibility that a products liability case could be filed against us in Argentina, in which case damages may be substantial albeit potentially smaller than those typically awarded in the United States. Product liability claims against us, our joint ventures or third-party licensees selling products that contain our seed traits or technology or allegations of product liability relating to seeds or other products containing seed traits or technology developed by us could damage our reputation, harm our relationships with our collaborators and other business counterparties and materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition and prospects.

 

Our operations are subject to various health and environmental risks associated with our use, handling and disposal of potentially toxic materials.

 

We are subject to numerous federal, state, local and foreign environmental, health and safety laws and regulations, including those governing laboratory procedures, the handling, use, storage, treatment, manufacture and disposal of hazardous materials and wastes, discharge of pollutants into the environment and human health and safety matters. As part of our technology sourcing and product development activities, we develop GMOs by inserting new genes into the genomes of certain plants and bacteria. Though we introduce these genes in order to improve plant traits, we cannot always predict the effect that these genes may have on the organism. In some cases, the genes may render the organism poisonous or toxic, or they may cause the organism to develop other dangerous characteristics that could harm the organism’s surrounding environment. Furthermore, there is a risk that, when testing GMOs, the seeds or strains of these organisms may escape the laboratory, greenhouse, industrial facility or field in which they are being tested and contaminate nearby areas. Poisonous or toxic organisms may therefore be inadvertently introduced into the environment or possibly enter the food production system, harming the people and animals who come in contact with them. Our crop protection products, which include Rizoderma, adjutants, therapies, herbicides, fungicides and insecticides, among others, bear similar risks in the development stage.

 

We cannot eliminate the risk of contamination or discharge and any resultant injury from these materials. If these risks were to materialize, we could be subject to fines, liability, reputational harm or otherwise adverse

 

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effects on our business. We may be sued for any injury or contamination that results from our use or the use by third parties of these materials, or may otherwise be required to remedy the contamination, and our liability may exceed any insurance coverage and our total assets. Furthermore, compliance with environmental, health and safety laws and regulations may be expensive and may impair our R&D efforts. If we fail to comply with these requirements, we could incur substantial costs and liabilities, including civil or criminal fines and penalties, clean-up costs or capital expenditures for control equipment or operational changes necessary to achieve and maintain compliance In addition, we cannot predict the impact on our business of new or amended environmental, health and safety laws or regulations or any changes in the way existing and future laws and regulations are interpreted and enforced. These current or future laws and regulations may impair our research, development or production efforts.

 

The requirements of being a public company may strain our resources and distract our management, which could make it difficult to manage our business.

 

Upon consummation of the business combination, we are required to comply with various regulatory and reporting requirements, including those required by the SEC. Complying with these reporting and regulatory requirements will be time consuming, resulting in increased costs to us or other adverse consequences.

 

As a public company, we will be subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act and the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. These requirements may place a strain on our systems and resources. The Exchange Act requires that we file annual and current reports with respect to our business and financial condition. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires that we maintain effective disclosure controls and procedures and internal controls over financial reporting. To maintain and improve the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, we will need to commit significant resources, hire additional staff and provide additional management oversight. We expect to implement additional procedures and processes for the purpose of addressing the applicable standards and requirements for public companies. These activities may divert management’s attention from other business concerns, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

 

As an “emerging growth company,” as defined in the JOBS Act, we may take advantage of certain temporary exemptions from various reporting requirements including, but not limited to, an exemption from compliance with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the rules and regulations of the SEC thereunder. These exemptions will cease to apply by no later than the last day of our fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of the completion of UAC’s initial public offering (the “IPO”)  (or under certain other circumstances) and we expect to incur additional expenses and devote increased management effort toward ensuring compliance with the additional reporting requirements that will apply when we cease to be an “emerging growth company.” We cannot predict or estimate the amount of additional costs we may incur as a result of becoming a public company or the timing of such costs.

 

We may require additional financing in the future and may not be able to obtain such financing on favorable terms, if at all, which could force us to delay, reduce or terminate some of our activities.

 

The process of developing and commercializing products is expensive, lengthy and risky and we expect to continue investing in our R&D services to identify new potential products for development. We may require additional capital to fund our technology sourcing and product development projects and to provide working capital to fund other aspects of our business. Although we currently believe that our cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities will provide adequate resources to fund our operations, including technology sourcing and product development expenses, planned capital expenditures and working capital requirements for the foreseeable future, we may nevertheless need additional financing in the future, due to changes in our business strategy or the occurrence of unanticipated events.

 

We may seek to issue additional equity securities, which could result in dilution to our existing shareholders, or raise additional debt financing, which could subject us to restrictive covenants that limit our operating flexibility and require us to comply with certain financial ratios. Alternatively, we may not be able to raise sufficient additional funds on terms that are favorable to us, if at all. If we fail to raise the funds we require,

 

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our ability to fund our operations, take advantage of strategic opportunities, develop and commercialize products or technologies, or otherwise respond to competitive pressures could be significantly limited. In such an event, we may be forced to delay or terminate our development initiatives or the commercialization of our technology and products, curtail operations or grant licenses to our technology on terms that are not favorable to us. If adequate funds are not available, we may not be able to successfully execute our business strategy or continue our business.

 

Development and commercialization of our products may incur scrutiny under the Convention on Biological Diversity Treaty.

 

The Convention is an international treaty that was adopted at the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1992. The treaty provides that if a company uses genetic resources, such as an indigenous plant, from a participating country to develop a product, then such company must obtain the prior informed consent of the participating country and owes fair and equitable compensation to the participating country. Although the United States is not a participating country, most countries where we currently obtain or may obtain genetic resources in the future, including Argentina, have ratified the treaty and are currently participants in the Convention. We may fall under scrutiny of the Convention with respect to the development or commercialization of any of our products derived from genetic resources originating from any of the countries that are participants in the Convention. There can be no assurance that the government of a participating country will not assert that it is entitled to fair and equitable compensation from us. Such compensation, if demanded, may make commercialization of our products impracticable.

 

Our business strategy may change and the successful implementation of our business plan is uncertain.

 

As an emerging biotechnology company, we continually analyze our business plan and operations in the light of market conditions and developments. We currently generate a significant portion of our revenue from the sale of crop protection products. We anticipate that following the successful regulatory approval and commercialization of our technologies, including HB4, an increasing portion of our revenues will be generated by sales of seed and integrated products through our proprietary commercial channels and third-party licensees, with incremental income projected to be generated by the joint ventures in which we participate. We face numerous challenges to completing the various steps necessary for the commercialization of our products and there can be no guarantee that we will be able to successfully commercialize our technologies. As a result of our continuous analyses of our crop productivity solutions, we may decide to make substantial changes in our business plan and operations. Such modifications may also result from management’s belief that it has identified more economical or efficient means of achieving our objectives. Furthermore, such changes could relate to minor aspects of the business plan, such as the methods in which we sell our crop productivity solutions, or to key aspects of the plan, such as the type of technologies that we seek to commercialize. Changes to our business plan could result in material delays to the commercialization of our products.

 

Our failure to accurately forecast and manage inventory could result in an unexpected shortfall or surplus of products which could harm our business.

 

We are required to produce inventories of certain of our products (mainly seeds and biologicals) and we monitor our inventory levels based on our own projections of future demand. Because of the significant time it takes to produce commercial quantities of seeds, production decisions must be made well in advance of sales. An inaccurate forecast of demand for any seed variety can result in the unavailability of seeds in high demand. Such unavailability may depress sales volumes and adversely affect customer relationships. Conversely, an inaccurate forecast could also result in an over-supply of seeds which may increase costs, negatively impact cash flow, reduce the quality of inventory and ultimately create write-offs of inventory. The acquisition of Rizobacter has increased the scale of our sales operations and as a result increased the magnitude of these risks, the realization of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

 

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Disruption to our IT and operating system could adversely affect our reputation and have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

 

Disruption or failure of our IT system due to technical reasons, natural disaster or other unanticipated catastrophic events, including power interruptions, storms, fires, floods, earthquakes, terrorist attacks and wars could significantly impair our ability to deliver data related to our projects to our collaborators on schedule and materially and adversely affect our relationships with our collaborators, our business and our results of operations. We expect to continue to develop our computational technologies and may need to update our IT system and storage capabilities. If our existing or future IT system does not function properly, or if the IT system proves incompatible with our new technologies, we could experience interruptions in data transmissions and slow response times, preventing us from completing routine research and business activities. Furthermore, we can provide no assurance that our current IT system is fully protected against third-party intrusions, viruses, hacker attacks, information or data theft or other similar threats.

 

Our business and operations would suffer in the event of computer system failures, cyber-attacks or a deficiency in our cyber-security.

 

Despite the implementation of security measures, our internal computer systems, and those of third parties on which we rely, are vulnerable to damage from computer viruses, malware, natural disasters, terrorism war telecommunication and electrical failures, cyber-attacks or cyber-intrusions over the Internet, attachments to emails, persons inside our organization, or persons with access to systems inside our organization. The risk of a security breach or disruption, particularly through cyber-attacks or cyber-intrusion, including by computer hackers, foreign governments, and cyber terrorists, has generally increased as the number intensity and sophistication of attempted attacks and intrusions from around the world have increased. If such an event were to occur and cause interruptions in our operations, it could result in a material disruption of our product development programs. For example, the loss of field trial data from completed or ongoing or planned field trials could result in delays in our regulatory approval efforts and significantly increase our costs to recover or reproduce the data. To the extent that any disruption or security breach was to result in a loss of or damage to our data or applications, or inappropriate disclosure of confidential or proprietary information, we could incur material legal claims and liability, damage to our reputation, and the further development of our product candidates could be delayed.

 

Labor unions can request, and have requested, the unionization of some of our employees.

 

In December 2016 and March 2017, the Argentine Trade Union of Truck Drivers ( Sindicato de Choferes de Camiones ) (“SCC”) and the Argentine Union of Rural Workers and Stevedores ( Unión Argentina de Trabajadores Rurales y Estibadores ) (“UATRE”), respectively requested the unionization of some employees of Rizobacter. With respect to the former, the SCC requested to unionize employees involved in logistics and operation of forklifts. UATRE requested to unionize workers engaged in the handling and storage of grain related to our seed treatment process undertaken seasonally. After negotiations, both SCC and UATRE came to an agreement with Rizobacter wherein Rizobacter agreed to hire companies to carry out the operations covered by each union. Each company agreed to indemnify Rizobacter in relation to any subsequent claims by the workers registered with the SCC or the UATRE, as the case may be, without direct cause to Rizobacter.

 

If new union disputes arise, they may be time consuming and distracting to management. The occurrence of a union dispute could have a material and adverse effect on our costs and business, results of operations and financial condition.

 

We rely on third parties to grow our seeds. If these parties do not grow our seeds at a satisfactory quality, in a timely manner, in sufficient quantities or at an acceptable cost, our commercialization efforts could be delayed or otherwise negatively impacted.

 

We rely on affiliated and unaffiliated growers to grow the majority of our proprietary seed and to sell it to us at negotiated prices each year. Our current dependence upon others for the production of our seeds may adversely affect our ability to commercialize any products on a timely and competitive basis. If our growers

 

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decline to a significant degree to plant the acreage on which we rely, and if we cannot find other growers to plant the lost acreage, our inventory of seed could be insufficient to satisfy the needs of our customers. Furthermore, growers may refuse to grow our seeds for any reason, including deterioration in our business relationship or the existence of more favorable terms with other companies. For example, if a particular crop is paying a materially higher price than has been paid in the past, growers may decide to not grow our seeds in favor of receiving a higher return from an alternative crop planted on the same acreage. If third-party growers decline to grow our seeds or if they are unable to grow our seeds at acceptable quality levels, our business, results of operations and financial condition could materially decline.

 

We are subject to anti-corruption and anti-money laundering laws with respect to both our domestic and international operations, and non-compliance with such laws can subject us to criminal and civil liability and harm our business.

 

We are subject to the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended, the U.S. domestic bribery statute contained in 18 U.S.C.§201, the U.S. Travel Act, the USA PATRIOT Act, Argentine Law No. 27,401, as amended, and possibly other anti-bribery and anti-money laundering laws in countries in which we conduct activities. Anti-corruption laws are interpreted broadly and prohibit us and our collaborators from authorizing, offering, or directly or indirectly providing improper payments or benefits to recipients in the public or private sector. We or our collaborators may have direct and indirect interactions with government agencies and state-affiliated entities and universities in the course of our business. We may also have certain matters come before public international organizations such as the United Nations. We use third-party collaborators, joint venture and strategic partners, law firms, and other representatives for regulatory compliance, patent registration, lobbying, deregulation advocacy, field testing, and other purposes in a variety of countries, including those that are known to present a high corruption risk such as India, China, and Latin American countries. We can be held liable for the corrupt or other illegal activities of these third-party collaborators, our employees, representatives, contractors, partners, and agents, even if we do not explicitly authorize such activities. In addition, although we have implemented policies and procedures to ensure compliance with anti-corruption and related laws, there can be no assurance that all of our employees, representatives, contractors, partners, or agents will comply with these laws at all times. Noncompliance with these laws could subject us to whistleblower complaints, investigations, sanctions, settlements, prosecution, other or injunctions, suspension and debarment from contracting with certain governments or other persons, the loss of export privileges, reputational harm, adverse media coverage, and other collateral consequences. If any subpoenas or investigations are launched, or governmental or other sanctions are imposed, or if we do not prevail in any possible civil or criminal litigation, our business, results of operations, and financial condition could be materially harmed. In addition, responding to any action will likely result in a materially significant diversion of management’s attention and resources and significant defense costs and other professional fees. Enforcement actions and sanctions could further harm our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

 

A portion of our revenue is generated from government grants from Argentine government entities and our operations rely on grants to fund our technology sourcing and product development activities. We cannot guarantee that we will continue to obtain government grants in the future, and our failure to do so for any reason could require us to change our operating model.

 

The receipt of government grants is central to our strategy of minimizing our capital expenditures in connection with technology sourcing and product development and represents an important means of development of early-stage technology. Pursuant to such grants, the government directly pays for, or we are reimbursed for certain expenses incurred in connection with, our technology development activities. Additionally, a portion of our revenue is generated from payments to us or payments made directly to our suppliers in the form of government grants.

 

Our ability to obtain grants and fund our technology sourcing and product development activities with funds received from government entities in the future depends upon the availability of funds under applicable government programs and approval of our applications to participate in such programs. The application process for these grants and other incentives is highly competitive. We may not be successful in obtaining any additional grants, loans or other incentives. The receipt of grant funds also subjects us to compliance with the specific grant

 

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requirements, including rigorous documentation requirements. Failure to comply with these requirements could lead to termination of these grant or difficulties in obtaining new grants, as well as an inability to receive reimbursement for our costs or a requirement to refund costs previously reimbursed.

 

Additionally, we are subject to audits in connection with our grant funds, which may subject us to penalties if we are not compliant with applicable requirements. An audit could result in a material adjustment to our results of operations and financial condition. In addition, serious reputational harm or significant adverse financial effects could occur if allegations of impropriety are made against us, even if we are ultimately found to have done no wrong.

 

Finally, there can be no assurance that the Argentine government, or the international bodies such as the Inter-American Development Bank and the World Bank that historically have provided the funding that the Argentine government has used to make research grants, will continue to provide grants or funding at current levels or at all. To the extent that our existing grants are terminated or modified or we are unsuccessful in securing government grants in the future, we may have to modify our business strategy and would lose a potential source of revenue and means of sourcing and developing new technology, which could adversely affect our results of operations and increase our costs.

 

Risks Related to Our Intellectual Property

 

Agreements with our collaborators and third parties may not adequately prevent disclosure of trade secrets, know-how and other proprietary information, which could materially adversely affect our technology and harm our business.

 

We rely on a combination of intellectual property laws and other agreements with our collaborators and third parties to protect and otherwise seek to control access to, and distribution of, our proprietary information. These measures may not prevent disclosure, infringement or misappropriation of our confidential information. Our confidentiality and nondisclosure agreements or covenants may not be enforceable under applicable law and, even if they are enforceable, may be breached, and we may not have adequate remedies for such a breach that would effectively prevent the further dissemination of our confidential information or direct competition with us by a joint venture partner. We also have limited control over the protection of trade secrets used by our collaborators and could lose future trade secret protection if any unauthorized disclosure of such information occurs. Enforcement of any claim that a party illegally disclosed confidential information or misappropriated a trade secret is difficult, expensive and time-consuming, and the outcome is unpredictable. In addition, others may independently discover our trade secrets and proprietary information, and in such cases, we could not assert any trade secret rights against such parties. Laws regarding trade secret rights in certain markets where we operate may afford little or no protection of our trade secrets. If any of our trade secrets were to be disclosed to or independently developed by a competitor, or if we otherwise were to lose protection for our trade secrets or proprietary know-how, the value of this information may be greatly reduced and our business and competitive position could be harmed. Moreover, our collaborators may allege that we have disclosed their trade secrets or confidential information.

 

We may not be able to adequately protect our intellectual property rights throughout the world.

 

Our commercial success depends in part on our ability to obtain and maintain patent or other intellectual property protection and/or trade secrets protection for the technologies we develop and use. We are responsible for determining the jurisdictions in which patent protection will be pursued for our intellectual property. Filing, prosecuting, maintaining and defending patents on product candidates in all countries throughout the world would be prohibitively expensive, and our intellectual property rights in some countries outside the United States are less extensive than those in the United States. In addition, the laws of some foreign countries do not protect intellectual property rights to the same extent as federal and state laws in the United States and other countries in which we file for patent protection, such as Argentina, China, India, Brazil, Mexico and Australia. Competitors may use our technologies in jurisdictions where we have not obtained patent protection to develop their own products, and we may be unable to prevent such competitors from importing those infringing products into territories where we have patent protection but enforcement is not as strong due to the exhaustion of rights. These

 

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products may compete with our product candidates and our licensed patents and other intellectual property rights may not be effective or sufficient to prevent them from competing in those jurisdictions. In addition, competitors could use our licensed patent disclosures and/or reverse engineer our trade-secret-protected products in order to produce competing products. Moreover, growers or others in the chain of commerce may raise legal challenges against our intellectual property rights or may infringe upon our intellectual property rights, including through means that may be difficult to prevent or detect. For example, in Argentina, growers may legally avoid paying royalties to the owners of intellectual property if they keep the seeds from their own harvests and plant them for personal use. Argentine legislation in respect of breeders’ rights includes a concept of a “farmer’s privilege,” which allows growers to use seeds obtained from their own harvests to be replanted on their own farm. According to the National Seed Institute of Argentina ( Instituto Nacional de Semillas ), the reserves of seeds kept for personal use has grown significantly in recent years, which may increase the likelihood that growers illegally claiming the privilege may use and/or sell GM seeds into the market without paying royalties owed to us.

 

The legal systems of certain countries, including China, where we have licensed patent applications, have not historically favored the enforcement of patents or other intellectual property rights, which could hinder us from preventing the infringement of our licensed patents or other intellectual property rights and result in substantial risks to us. Proceedings to enforce our licensed patent rights in the United States or foreign jurisdictions could result in substantial costs and divert our efforts and attention from other aspects of our business, could put our licensed patents at risk of being invalidated or interpreted narrowly and our licensed patent applications at risk of not issuing and could provoke third parties to assert patent infringement or other claims against us. We may not prevail in any lawsuits that we initiate and the damages or other remedies awarded, if any, may not be commercially meaningful. Accordingly, our efforts to enforce our intellectual property rights around the world may be inadequate to obtain a significant commercial advantage from the intellectual property that we develop or license from third parties.

 

Changes in Argentine and U.S. patent law could diminish the value of patents in general, thereby impairing our ability to protect our product candidates.

 

As is the case with other biotech companies, our success is heavily dependent on intellectual property, including patents. Obtaining and enforcing biotech patents involves technological and legal complexity, and is costly, time consuming, and inherently uncertain. In this regard, the Argentine Patent Office ( Instituto Nacional de Propiedad Intelectual ) issued Regulation 283/15 with new guidelines for examining biotech inventions. These guidelines seriously restrict the patentability of several categories of inventions in the agricultural field. This restriction is already being followed in the practice of the Argentine Patent Office.

 

In September 2016, the Argentine Patent Office issued Argentine Regulation 56/16, under which the Argentine Patent Office will deem that any patent application whose examination had not begun by October 15, 2016 satisfies the substantive requirements of patentability (novelty, non-obviousness and industrial application); provided that a patent has been granted abroad for the same invention by a foreign patent office carrying out substantive examination in a country whose patent law has the same substantive requirements as Argentine law. This can result in prosecution times that are substantially shorter, and similar to those of the fastest jurisdictions. In particular, the patent office has applied this regulation to biotech cases as long as they are directed to matter that is not affected by the guidelines.

 

In addition, the U.S. Supreme Court has ruled on several patent cases in recent years, either narrowing the scope of patent protection available in certain circumstances or weakening the rights of patent owners in certain situations. In addition to increasing uncertainty with regard to our ability to obtain patents in the future, this combination of events has created uncertainty with respect to the value of patents, once obtained. In a recent ruling ( in re “Monsanto Technology LLC c/ Instituto Nacional de la Propiedad Industrial s/ Denegatoria de Patente”, case number CCF 8044/2007), Tribunal III of the Civil and Commercial Federal Court of Appeals of the City of Buenos Aires confirmed, by revoking a decision of a lower court, the rejection of a biotechnological patent application by the Argentine Patent Office, with the understanding that the invention should be protected as a plant variety protection (“PVP”) and not under a patent (the patent application was for a recombinant DNA molecule and a cell transformed by such molecule). Lack of inventive activity and non-patentable matters are also mentioned as grounds in this precedent. Although the Court of Appeals’ decision is now being reviewed by

 

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Argentine Supreme Court of Justice, this precedent may adversely affect patentability of the technologies we develop. Depending on decisions by the Argentine and U.S. Congresses, the federal courts in each country, the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office and the Argentine Patent Office, as well as the relevant authorities in other countries in which we hold patents, the laws and regulations governing patents could change in unpredictable ways that may weaken or undermine our ability to obtain new patents or to enforce our existing licensed patents and patents we might obtain in the future. During recent years, certain sectors of the Argentine agricultural industry have been requesting that the Argentine PVP Law is amended.

 

If we or one of our collaborators or licensees are sued for infringing the intellectual property rights of a third party, such litigation could be costly and time consuming and could prevent us or our collaborators or licensees from developing or commercializing products that incorporate our technology.

 

Our ability to generate significant revenues from our products depends on our and our joint ventures’ and licensees’ ability to develop, market and sell products and utilize our proprietary technologies without infringing the intellectual property and other rights of any third parties.

 

As the agricultural biotech industry continues to develop, we, our collaborators or licensees may become party to, or threatened with, litigation or other adverse proceedings regarding intellectual property or proprietary rights in our technology, processes, developed seed traits or seed treatments. Third parties may assert claims based on existing or future intellectual property rights and the outcome of any proceedings is subject to uncertainties that cannot be adequately quantified in advance. Any litigation proceedings could be costly and time consuming. A negative outcome from an intellectual property infringement suit could result in liability for monetary damages, require us to indemnify our licensees for damages arising from warranties we have made about the intellectual property we have licensed, which claims might not be subject to a cap, or treble damages and attorneys’ fees if we are found to have willfully infringed a patent. There is also no guarantee that we, our collaborators or licensees would be able to obtain a license under such infringed intellectual property on commercially reasonable terms or at all. A finding of infringement could prevent us, our collaborators or our licensees from developing, marketing or selling a product or force us to cease some or all of our business operations. Even if we are successful in these proceedings, we may incur substantial costs and the time and attention of our management and scientific personnel may be diverted as a result of these proceedings, which could have a material adverse effect on our operations. In some cases, our agreements with our collaborators or licensees might oblige us to pay for the enforcement of our licensed intellectual property rights, even though our collaborators or licensees may be responsible for commercializing the potentially infringing products. Claims that we have misappropriated the confidential information or trade secrets of third parties could similarly have a negative impact on our business.

 

The value of our intellectual property could diminish due to technological developments or challenges by competitors, making our products less competitive.

 

Our intellectual property rights are important to the operation of our business and the commercialization of our crop productivity products. We rely on a combination of patents, PVP, trademarks, trade secret laws, confidentiality provisions and licensing arrangements to establish and protect our intellectual property. However, the importance of technology development and intellectual property protection in the crop productivity industry increases the risk that technological advances by others could render our products less competitive. Our business could be negatively affected by any of the following:

 

·                        our issued licensed patents, PVP certificates and trademark registrations may be successfully challenged by our competitors;

 

·                        we may be unable to obtain intellectual property licenses that are necessary or useful to our business on favorable terms, or at all;

 

·                        new technology that is independently developed by others may supersede our technology and make our products less desirable or costlier in the marketplace;

 

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·                        competitors may design around our licensed patent and/or PVP protections; and

 

·                        competitors may reverse engineer our trade secret technologies.

 

We may be required to pay royalties to employees who develop inventions that have been or will be commercialized by us, even if the rights to such inventions have been assigned to it, exclusive licenses have been granted to it and the employees have waived their rights to royalties or other additional compensation.

 

Under Argentine Patent and Utility Models Law No. 24,481 and Argentine Labor Law No. 20,744, which provide the legal framework related to ownership of inventions developed during an employer-employee relationship, the employer is awarded ownership of inventions when the employee was hired for the purpose of engaging in inventive discovery or when such invention otherwise derives from the knowledge acquired by virtue of the employee’s working for the employer. Depending on the nature and the scope of an employee’s contribution to an invention and the nature of his or her hiring, he or she may be entitled to additional compensation by the employer; however, the employer will still retain ownership rights on the conditions mentioned above. If an employee was hired for a purpose other than to engage in inventive discovery and he or she creates an invention that is not related to the employer’s processes, methods or business, the employee shall be the owner of the invention.

 

A significant portion of our employees are dedicated to activities that may be considered inventive. As a result, a significant portion of our employees execute confidentiality and ownership rights agreements upon commencement of employment whereby they agree to classify all work undertaken by them as engagement in inventive discovery, which grants us all ownership rights in inventions created while such employees are employed by us. If these assignments or exclusive licenses were deemed invalid or unenforceable, we could be required to pay royalties to our employees who have invented intellectual property that we have commercialized, which in turn may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations. In addition, if these assignments or exclusive licenses were deemed invalid or unenforceable, it is possible that our employees could assign or license to third parties their rights in any inventions created while employed by us. This could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

 

Risks Related to Bioceres’ Acquisitions

 

Certain of the Rizobacter shares are subject to a judicial injunction.

 

Concurrently with the closing of business combination, the Rizobacter Call Option was exercised and we currently own 80.00% of Rizobacter’s capital stock through our subsidiary RASA Holding, 29% of which are subject to a precautionary measure issued pursuant to an injunction that affects 44% of the total share capital of Rizobacter. In addition, the precautionary measure also covers 30% of the dividends distributed on such shares, directing such percentage of dividends into a judicially created escrow account. Simultaneously with the exercise of the Rizobacter Call Option, 665,078 of the UAC shares representing 10% of Rizobacter shares subject to the precautionary measures were pledged to Bioceres S.A. The precautionary measure relates to litigation among historical shareholders of Rizobacter arising from a disputed transfer of shares that occurred in 1995. Although the Supreme Court of Argentina ruled against certain of the litigating historical shareholders, such shareholders subsequently pursued other legal recourse—including the precautionary measure and non-innovative ( medida de no innovar )—to further dispute the original transfer of shares. The non-innovative measure ( medida de no innovar ) was overturned by an Argentine court of appeals on April 17, 2018.

 

We purchased our controlling stake in Rizobacter subject to the precautionary measure and associated ongoing litigation. Should such contingencies be lifted, the Parent may be obligated to pay a contingent purchase price of US$17.3 million to certain selling shareholders of Rizobacter. Conversely, should the court rule against the free transferability of the affected shares, we would be obligated to return certain shares, thereby reducing our equity participation in Rizobacter, and the Parent would not be obligated to pay the abovementioned contingent purchase price. Given the Supreme Court of Argentina’s finding that the 1995 share transfer was valid, it is not likely or probable that our equity participation in Rizobacter will be affected and that the Parent may be obligated to pay the contingent purchase price of US$17.3 million. The same Rizobacter shareholders

 

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who challenged the 1995 transfer requested an additional precautionary measure against the sellers and Rizobacter relating to the same disputed share transfer, in response to which Rizobacter filed a motion for reversal with an appeal, which was granted by an Argentine court of appeals on April 17, 2018, overturning the non-innovative measure.

 

We may not be able to manage our growth successfully.

 

We expect that the acquisition of Rizobacter will expand our operations and that such expansion will continue. As we continue to grow, we must improve our operational, technical and managerial knowledge and compliance systems in order to effectively manage our operations across the expanded group. Failure to integrate, monitor and manage expanded operations could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

 

Integration of Rizobacter involves certain risks that may have a material adverse effect on us.

 

We have engaged in acquisitions in the past, including the acquisition of Rizobacter in October 2016, and may complete further mergers and acquisitions in the future as part of our growth strategy. We believe that these transactions will contribute to our continued growth and competitiveness.

 

Like any acquisition of companies and assets and the integration of such companies and assets, the acquisition of Rizobacter involves certain risks, including the risk that:

 

·                        integrating new networks, information systems, personnel, financial and accounting systems, risk and other management systems, financial planning and reporting, products and customer bases into our existing business may run into difficulties, cause us to incur unexpected costs and operating expenses and place additional demands on management time;

 

·                        we may incur unexpected liabilities or contingencies relating to acquired businesses;

 

·                        the expected operation and financial synergies and other benefits from such acquisitions may not be fully achieved;

 

·                        the use of more cash or other financial resources on integration and implementation activities than expected; and

 

·                        the use of more cash or other financial resources on integration and implementation activities than expected.

 

If we fail to achieve the business growth opportunities, cost savings and other benefits it anticipates from mergers and acquisition transactions, or incur greater integration costs than it has estimated, our business, results of operations and financial condition may be materially and adversely affected.

 

We may acquire businesses or products, or form strategic alliances, in the future, and we may not realize the benefits of such acquisitions.

 

We plan to selectively partner, in-license or acquired key enabling technologies and businesses across our value chain that we believe will keep us on the cutting edge of our industry. We may not be able to identify appropriate targets or make acquisitions under satisfactory conditions, in particular, satisfactory price conditions. In addition, we may be unable to obtain the financing for these acquisitions under other purposes in the context of existing operations. If we acquire businesses with promising markets or technologies, we may not be able to realize the benefit of acquiring such businesses if we are unable to successfully integrate them with our existing operations and company culture. We may encounter numerous difficulties in developing manufacturing and marketing any new products resulting from a strategic alliance or acquisition that delay or prevent us from realizing their expected benefits or enhancing our business. We cannot assure you that, following any such

 

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acquisition, we will achieve the expected synergies to justify the transaction, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial conditions, earnings and prospects.

 

Risks Related to Operating in Latin America and Argentina

 

Latin America

 

Latin America has experienced, and may continue to experience, adverse economic or political conditions that may impact our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

Our business is dependent to a certain extent upon the economic conditions prevalent in Argentina, as well as the other Latin American countries in which it currently operates, such as Uruguay, and in which it may seek to expand operations in the future, such as Brazil. Latin American countries have historically experienced uneven periods of economic growth, recessions, periods of high inflation and economic instability. Recently, the economic growth rates of the economies of many Latin American countries have slowed and some have entered mild recessions. Additionally, economic and political developments in Latin America, including future economic changes or crises (such as inflation, currency devaluation or recession), government deadlock, political instability, terrorism, civil strife, changes in laws and regulations, restrictions on the repatriation of dividends or profits, expropriation or nationalization of property, restrictions on currency convertibility, volatility of the foreign exchange market and exchange controls could impact our operations and/or the market value of the ordinary shares and the ADSs and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

Latin American governments have exercised, and continue to exercise, significant influence over the economies of the countries in which we operate, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

 

Historically, governments in Latin America have frequently intervened in the economies of their respective countries and have occasionally made significant changes in policy and regulations. Governmental actions to control inflation and other policies and regulations have often involved, among others, price controls, currency devaluations, capital controls and tariffs. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may be adversely affected by the changes in government policies or regulations of Latin American governments, including:

 

·                        exchange rates and exchange control policies;

 

·                        tariff and inflation control policies;

 

·                        price control policies;

 

·                        liquidity of domestic capital and lending markets;

 

·                        tax policies, royalty and tax increases and retroactive tax claims; and

 

·                        other political, diplomatic, social and economic developments in or affecting the countries in which we operate.

 

In July 2018, Andrés Manuel López Obrador was elected president of Mexico and assumed office on December 1, 2018, and in October 2018, Jair Bolsonaro was elected president of Brazil assumed office on January 1, 2019. We cannot predict the changes these new administrations may bring, the impact of such changes on the Argentine economy or the business and results of the operations of our Argentine subsidiaries.

 

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Argentina

 

Our business, results of operations and financial condition may be adversely affected by fluctuations in currency exchange rates, including between the U.S. dollar and the Argentine peso.

 

In recent years, and especially during the last months, the Argentine peso has suffered significant devaluations against the U.S. dollar. In 2015, the peso depreciated 51.73% against the U.S. dollar primarily after the lifting of certain foreign exchange restrictions in the month of December, mainly as a consequence of the substantial reduction of the spread between the exchange rate on the Argentine Exchange Currency Market ( Mercado Único y Libre de Cambio ) (“MULC”) and the unofficial market. Since the devaluation in December 2015, the Central Bank of Argentina ( Banco Central de la República Argentina ) (“Central Bank”) has allowed the peso to float and significantly limited interventions to those needed to ensure the orderly functioning of the MULC. In 2016, the peso depreciated 22.15% against the U.S. dollar and in 2017, the peso depreciated 18.45% against the U.S. dollar.

 

Due to several factors, including but not limited to the raising of the interest rate by the US Federal Reserve, the inability of the Argentine government to perform structural changes and reduce the fiscal deficit, the Argentine government’s increasing need for international financing, the increase of the Argentine government’s inflation goals for 2018, a historical drought that affected the crops production (main export of Argentina) and the Turkish crisis, during the first half of 2018 the Argentine peso suffered a new sharp depreciation, which as of December 31, 2018 accumulated 103.83%. As a consequence of the recent inflation trends, the peso qualifies as a currency in a hyperinflationary economy as of July 1, 2018.

 

As part of the plan to control the foreign exchange rate and inflation, on June 7, 2018, the Argentine government and the International Monetary Fund (“IMF”) announced a technical agreement through which the IMF would grant to Argentina a stand-by loan for an amount of up to $50 billion for a term of up to three years to strengthen the federal reserves and Argentina’s financial and fiscal position. On June 21, 2018, the IMF made a first disbursement of $15 billion under the agreement. By the end of September 2018, the amount of the stand-by loan was increased an additional $7.1 billion. By the end of October 2018, the IMF made the second disbursement of $5.7 billion and by the end of December made a third disbursement of $7.6 billion. It is expected that the IMF will make additional disbursements in 2019 for $22.8 billion.

 

On September 28, 2018, the U.S. dollar exchange rate reached a peak of AR$40.8967 per U.S. dollar. Effective October 1, 2018, the Central Bank defined foreign exchange intervention and non-intervention zones for the U.S. dollar exchange rate until the end of 2018, at AR$34 per U.S. dollar in the lower bound and AR$44 per U.S. dollar in the upper bound. Such rates are adjusted daily, provided that if the exchange rate is beyond the upper bound, the Central Bank may sell foreign currency for a daily amount of up to US$50 million, and beyond the lower bound, the Central Bank may increase the monetary base backed with the increase of the Argentine federal reserves. As of the date of this report, the exchange rate was equal to AR$41.509 per U.S. dollar, while the non-intervention zones were fixed at AR$38.642 per U.S. dollar in the lower bound and AR$50.007 per U.S. dollar in the upper bound. The sharp depreciation of the Argentine peso in 2018 has fostered again inflation and created a strong volatility in the U.S. dollar exchange rate that gave raise to doubts on further depreciations of the Argentine peso and the control of the inflation levels, which could lead to a new financial crisis. We are unable to predict the future value of the peso against the U.S. dollar. If the peso continues to devalue, all or some of the negative effects on the Argentine economy related to such devaluation could reappear.

 

Our combined financial information included herein is presented in U.S. dollars. Therefore, the resulting exchange differences arising from the translation of balances and transactions in Argentine pesos to U.S. dollars are recognized in the financial gain or expense item. Fluctuations in exchange rates relative to the U.S. dollar could impair the comparability of our results from period to period and could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition. In addition, our results of operations and financial condition are affected by changes in the Argentine peso to U.S. dollar exchange rate because the majority of our operations are conducted in Argentina and, accordingly, a significant portion of our costs are incurred in Argentine pesos, while our revenues are primarily denominated in or influenced by U.S. dollars. Consequently, appreciation of the U.S. dollar relative to the Argentine peso, to the extent not offset by inflation in Argentina, could result in

 

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favorable variations in our operating margins and, conversely, depreciation of the Argentine peso against the U.S. dollar may raise our costs in U.S. dollars, which would increase the prices of our commercial technology, products and services to our customers, which, in turn, could adversely affect our business and results of operations and cause significant variability in our results of operations from period to period. See “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—A. Operating Results—Factors Affecting Our Results of Operations—Macroeconomic conditions” and “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—A. Operating Results—Factors affecting comparability of prior periods.”

 

The devaluation of the Argentine peso has had a negative impact on the ability of certain Argentine businesses to honor their foreign currency-denominated debt and has also led to very high inflation and significantly reduced real wages. We have a significant amount of indebtedness denominated in U.S. dollars. If the Argentine peso is further significantly devalued, the Argentine economy and our business could be adversely affected. Significant variations in the comparative value of the Argentine peso to the U.S. dollar could adversely affect our business and results of operations.

 

As of July 1, 2018, the peso qualifies as a currency of a hyperinflationary economy, and we are required to apply inflationary adjustments to our financial statements, which could adversely affect our Argentine subsidiaries’ financial statements, results of operations and financial condition.

 

Pursuant to the International Accounting Standards (“IAS”) 29 (Financial Reporting in Hyperinflationary Economies), the financial statements of entities whose functional currency is that of a hyperinflationary economy must be adjusted for the effects of changes in a suitable general price index. IAS 29 does not prescribe when hyperinflation arises, but includes several characteristics of hyperinflation. The International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”) does not identify specific hyperinflationary jurisdictions. However, in June 2018, the International Practices Task Force of the Centre for Quality (“IPTF”), which monitors “highly inflationary countries” categorized Argentina as a country with projected three-year cumulative inflation rate greater than 100%. Additionally, some of the other qualitative factors of IAS 29 were present, providing prima facie evidence that the Argentine economy is hyperinflationary for purposes of IAS 29. Therefore, Argentine companies using International Financial Reporting Standard as adopted by the IASB (“IFRS”) are required to apply IAS 29 to their financial statements for periods ending on and after July 1, 2018.

 

Similarly, Argentine Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“Argentine GAAP”) (Technical Resolutions No. 17, 39 and 41 (“TR 17”)) also requires the adjustment of financial statements to reflect the changes in general price index in the context of hyperinflation. The Argentine Federation of Economic Sciences Professionals Bodies ( Federación Argentina de Consejos Profesionales de Ciencias Económicas ) (“FACPCE”), after finding the presence of the qualitative requirements of Argentine GAAP for the adjustment, stated that the adjustment should be applied to all Argentine companies’ financial statements for periods ending on or after July 1, 2018; provided that, for all financial statements ending between July 1, 2018 and September 30, 2018, the adjustment is optional.

 

Adjustments to reflect inflation, such as those required by IAS 29 and TR 17, were prohibited by law No. 23,928 (the “Law 23,928”). Additionally, Decree No. 664/03, issued by the Argentine government (the “Decree”), instructed regulatory authorities, such as Public Registries of Commerce, the Superintendence of Corporations of the City of Buenos Aires and the Argentine Securities Commission ( Comisión Nacional de Valores ) (“CNV”), to accept only financial statements that comply with the prohibition set forth by the Law 23,928. However, on December 4, 2018, Law 27,468 abrogated Decree No. 664/03 and amended Law 23,928 indicating that the prohibition of indexation no longer applies to the financial statements. According to the foregoing, on December 26, 2018, the CNV amended its rules to adopt the adjustments to reflect inflation under IAS 29 for the periods ending on and after December 31, 2018, and on February 4, 2019, extended the term for the filing of the interim unaudited financial statements ended on December 31, 2018 until March 14, 2019. For purposes of the determination of the indexation for tax purposes, Law 27,468 substituted the WPI (as defined below) for the CPI, and modified the standards for triggering the tax indexation procedure. During the first three years as from January 1, 2018, the tax indexation will be applicable if the variation of the Consumer Price Index (“CPI”) exceeds 55% in 2018, 30% in 2019 and 15% in 2020. From January 1, 2021, the tax indexation procedure will be triggered under similar standards as those set forth by IAS 29 and TR 17. To the extent that the CPI

 

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increased by 47.6% in 2018 (below the statutory threshold for this year), the tax indexation procedure was not triggered for 2018. As a result, beginning with the period ending on December 31, 2018, Bioceres’ Argentine subsidiaries will prepare financial statements in compliance with IFRS, adopting IAS 29 and TR 17 for regulatory purposes in Argentina. However, Bioceres’ Argentina subsidiaries’ interim financial statements as of September 30, 2018 were prepared, for regulatory purposes, to comply with IFRS or Argentina GAAP without adopting IAS 29 or TR 17, and will differ from such subsidiaries’ financial statements prepared in connection with international reporting requirements adopting IAS 29 and TR 17.

 

We cannot predict the full future impact that the application of IAS 29 and TR 17 and the eventual application of the tax indexation procedure and related adjustments will have on Bioceres’ Argentine subsidiaries’ financial statements or the effects on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

 

Government intervention in the Argentine economy could adversely affect the economy and our financial condition and results of operations.

 

During recent years, the Argentine government increased its direct intervention in the economy, including through the implementation of regulation of market conditions, expropriations or nationalizations and price controls.

 

For example, in 2012, the Kirchner administration removed the directors and senior officers of YPF S.A., Argentina’s largest oil and gas company, which was controlled by the Spanish group Repsol, and the Argentine Congress approved a bill to expropriate the shares held by Repsol representing 51% of the shares of YPF S.A. In February 2014, the Argentine government and Repsol reached an agreement on the terms of the compensation payable to Repsol for the expropriation of the YPF S.A. shares, which totaled US$5.0 billion (Ps.79.3 billion) payable by delivery of Argentine sovereign bonds with various maturities. The agreement settled the claim filed by Repsol with the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (“ICSID”).

 

In December 2012 and July 2013, the Argentine Congress established new regulations relating to domestic capital markets. The new regulations generally provided for increased intervention in the capital markets by the government, authorizing, for example, the CNV to appoint observers with the ability to veto the decisions of the board of directors of companies admitted to the public offering regime under certain circumstances and suspend the board of directors for a period of up to 180 days. This power was later abrogated by the Law No. 27,440.

 

In September 2014, the Kirchner administration enacted a law that enables the Argentine government to intervene in certain markets when it considers that any party to such market is trying to impose prices or supply restrictions in such market. This law applies to all economic processes linked to goods, facilities and services which, either directly or indirectly, satisfy basic needs of the population (so-called “basic needs goods”), and grants broad powers to the relevant enforcing agency to become involved in such processes. It also empowers the enforcing agency to order the sale, production, distribution and/or delivery of basic needs goods throughout the country in case of a shortage of supply.

 

In May 2016, the Argentine congress barred companies from laying off workers for a 180-day period in a law later vetoed by President Macri.

 

More recently, and due to the foreign exchange crisis, rapidly increasing inflation and decline in economic activity during the first half of 2018, on November 8, 2018 the Central Bank issued Communication “A” 6595 imposing on financial entities a minimum cash requirement equal to 23% up to 29 days; 17% between 30 and 59 days; 11% between 60 and 89 days; 5% between 90 and 179 days; 2% between 180 and 365 days; and 0% for more than 365 days on obligations with international financial facilities; which, however, was repealed on January 1, 2019. On November 12, 2018, the Argentine government issued a decree imposing the payment of an extraordinary non-remuneratory bonus of AR$5,000 to all workers in the private sector, to be paid in two installments in December 2018 and February 2019, and imposing a notice requirement until March 31, 2019, under which all private sector employers must give notice of any proposed layoffs without cause to the Argentine Ministry of Production and Work, at least ten days prior to the proposed layoffs. In addition, effective October 1, 2018, the Central Bank defined foreign exchange intervention and non-intervention zones for the U.S. dollar

 

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exchange rate until the end of 2018, at AR$34 per U.S. dollar in the lower bound and AR$44 per U.S. dollar in the upper bound. Such rates are adjusted daily; provided that beyond the upper bound, the Central Bank may sell foreign currency for a daily amount of up to US$50 million, and beyond the lower bound, the Central Bank may increase the monetary base backed with the increase of the federal reserves. As of the date of this report, the non-intervention zones were fixed at AR$38.642 per U.S. dollar in the lower bound and AR$50.007 per U.S. dollar in the upper bound.

 

Substantially all of our assets are located in Argentina. Therefore, we are subject to political uncertainties, including expropriation or nationalization of our business or assets, or subject to renegotiation or annulment of existing contracts and other similar risk, although the current administration has not taken an interventionist approach. In the future, intervention in the economy by the Argentine government may continue or increase, the occurrence of which may adversely affect Argentina’s economy and, in turn, our business, results of operations and financial condition. We cannot assure investors that these or other measures that may be adopted by the Argentine government in the future in response to social unrest, such as nationalizations, intervention by the CNV, forced renegotiations or modifications of existing contracts, new tax policies, price fixing, regulations and reforms affecting foreign trade and investments, will not have a material adverse effect on the Argentine economy and, consequently, will not adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

 

Political developments in Argentina could adversely affect the Argentine economy.

 

Presidential and congressional elections in Argentina took place and a runoff election (ballotage) between the two leading presidential candidates was held on November 22, 2015, which resulted in Mr. Mauricio Macri being elected President of Argentina. The Macri administration assumed office on December 10, 2015.

 

Since assuming office, the Macri administration has announced and implemented several significant economic and policy reforms, including:

 

·                        Argentine National Institute of Statistics and Census ( Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos ) (“ INDEC ”) reforms. In January 2016, based on its determination that INDEC had failed to produce reliable statistical information, the Macri administration declared the national statistical system and the INDEC in a state of administrative emergency. INDEC implemented certain methodological reforms and adjusted certain macroeconomic statistics on the basis of these reforms which enabled a readjustment of Argentine duties towards the IMF. Since June 2015, INDEC began publishing revised data, including foreign trade and balance of payment statistics, the CPI and revised Gross Domestic Product (“GDP”) data for the years 2004 through 2015. In March 2018, the Macri administration announced the preparation of a draft bill to provide INDEC with total autonomy and to transform it into an entity that will guarantee greater statistical independence of the main macroeconomic indicators.

 

·                        Agreement with holdout creditors . The Macri administration has settled the substantial majority of outstanding claims brought by holdout creditors and has issued sovereign bonds in the international financial markets passed by Congress through Law No. 27,249. Although the size of the claims involved has decreased significantly, litigation initiated by bondholders that have not accepted Argentina’s settlement offer continues in several jurisdictions.

 

·                        Foreign exchange reforms . The Macri administration eliminated all foreign exchange restrictions, including certain currency controls, which were imposed by the previous administration. However, due to the foreign exchange crisis, soaring inflation and plummeting economic activity during the first half of 2018, on November 8, 2018 the Central Bank issued Communication “A” 6595 imposing on financial entities a minimum cash requirement equal to 23% up to 29 days; 17% between 30 and 59 days; 11% between 60 and 89 days; 5% between 90 and 179 days; 2% between 180 and 365 days; and 0% for more than 365 days on obligations with international financial facilities; which, however, was repealed on January 1, 2019. In addition, effective October 1, 2018, the Central Bank defined foreign exchange intervention and non-intervention zones for the U.S. dollar exchange rate until the end of 2018, at AR$34 per U.S. dollar in the lower bound and AR$44 per U.S. dollar in the upper bound.

 

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Such rates are adjusted daily; provided that beyond the upper bound, the Central Bank may sell foreign currency for a daily amount of up to US$50 million, and beyond the lower bound, the Central Bank may increase the monetary base backed with the increase of the federal reserves. As of the date of this report, the non-intervention zones were fixed at AR$38.642 per U.S. dollar in the lower bound and AR$50.007 per U.S. dollar in the upper bound.

 

·                        Foreign trade reforms . The Macri administration has eliminated export duties on wheat, corn, beef and other regional products, and reduced duties on soybeans by 5% from 35% to 30%. With respect to payments for imports of goods and services, the Macri administration announced the elimination of amount limitations for access to the Foreign Exchange Market for any new transactions as of December 17, 2015, and for existing debts for imports of goods and services as of April 22, 2016. On January 2, 2017, the Argentine government enacted a further reduction of the export duties rate set for soybean and soybean products, setting a monthly 0.5% cut on the export duties rate beginning on January 2018. However, due to the foreign exchange crisis in the second half of 2018, in September general export duties were re-imposed and the progressive reduction of export duties on soybean products stopped. For example, a general additional export duty has been imposed on all exports of goods, levied on the lower of 12% of the good’s FOB value or AR$3 or AR$4 per U.S. dollar, depending on the kind of the good. Also, in addition to the general additional export duty referred above, exports of soybean and soybean products have been subject to an export duty equal to 18%. And on December 28, 2018, a new export duty has been imposed on exports of services until December 31, 2020, levied on the lower of 12% or AR$4 per U.S. dollar.

 

·                        Fiscal policy . The Macri administration took steps to anchor fiscal accounts, reduce the primary fiscal deficit, eliminate subsidies, reorganize certain expenditures and generate increased revenue through a tax amnesty program. The primary fiscal deficit for 2016 was 4.6% of GDP, 0.2% lower than the Federal government target; for 2017 the primary fiscal deficit was 3.9% of GDP, 0.3% lower than the Federal government target, and for 2018, the primary fiscal deficit is 2.4%, 0.3% lower than the Federal government target. Due to the foreign exchange crisis in the second half of 2018, the Argentine government implemented a series of measures aiming at reducing the fiscal deficit drastically for the incoming years, including the suspension of public infrastructure works, the depreciation of the Argentine peso, the re-imposition of export duties, the request of a stand-by loan agreement with the IMF and the elimination of the Supportive Federal Fund (by which the Federal Government distributed 30% of the proceeds of the export duties on soybean and soybean products to the provinces and municipalities), among other things. For the incoming years, the Argentine government targets a primary fiscal deficit of 0% of the GDP for 2019 and a primary fiscal surplus of 1% of the GDP for 2020.

 

·                        Correction of monetary imbalances . The Macri administration has adopted an inflation targeting regime in parallel with the floating exchange rate regime and set inflation targets for the next four years. The Central Bank has increased stabilization efforts to reduce excess monetary imbalances and raised peso interest rates to offset inflationary pressure. The Central Bank announced inflation target ranges for 2017 (12% to 17%); 2018 (8% to 12%); and 2019 (3.5% to 6.5%). However, inflation for 2017 arose to 24.8%, and for 2018, fostered by a depreciation of 103.83% of the Argentine peso to the U.S. dollar, soared to 47.6%. The official estimation of inflation for 2019 is 29%, while private sources predict an inflation of 35% for the same period. Since October 1, 2018, in addition to the creation of the foreign exchange intervention and non-intervention zones, the Central Bank adopted a policy of zero currency issuance. Therefore, the Central Bank re-calculated the inflation target for 2019 and 2020 to 27.8% and 19.6%, respectively. See “—Risks Related to Operating in Latin America and Argentina—Argentina—Political developments in Argentina could adversely affect the Argentine economy—Foreign Exchange Reforms” and “—Risks Related to Operating in Latin America and Argentina—Argentina—Continuing high inflation may have a negative effect on the Argentine economy and on our financial performance.”

 

·                        Tax Amnesty Law . On June 29, 2016, the Argentine Congress passed Law No. 27,260, which became effective on July 22, 2016 and provides for a tax amnesty regime and tax reform. This regime allowed

 

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individuals and entities to disclose undeclared assets both abroad and in Argentina, under the conditions set forth in the law and within a period extending from its effectiveness until March 31, 2017, without the need to repatriate such assets to Argentina and without penalty (other than charges described below) or the need to explain the source of the funds, among other benefits. The law also provides that there will be no charge on assets worth up to US$25,000, and a discounted applicable tax of 5% on property and assets worth up to US$80,000. Above that threshold, the applicable tax was 10% until the end of 2016 and 15% until the end of March 2017, when the amnesty window closed.

 

·                        National Electricity State of Emergency and Reforms . Following years of very limited investment in the domestic energy sector, as well as a continued freeze on electrical power and natural gas tariffs since the 2001-2002 economic crisis, Argentina began to experience energy shortages in 2011. In response to the growing energy deficit left by the prior government, the Macri administration, upon assuming office, declared a state of emergency with respect to the national electrical power system, which will remain in effect until December 31, 2017. The state of emergency allowed the federal government to take actions designed to ensure the supply of electrical power to the country, such as instructing the Ministry of Energy and Mining to design and implement, with the cooperation of all federal public entities, a coordinated program to guarantee the quality and security of the electrical power system. In addition, the Macri administration announced the elimination of certain energy subsidies and a substantial increase in electrical power rates.

 

·                        Corporate Criminal Liability Law (Ley de Responsabilidad Penal Empresaria) . On November 8, 2017, the Argentine Congress passed Law No. 27,401 which provides for the criminal liability of corporate entities when the following crimes are committed, directly or indirectly, with their intervention or on their behalf, interest or benefit: (a) local or international bribery and influence peddling, (b) negotiations that are incompatible with public office, (c) illegal payments made to public officials under the appearance of taxes or fees owed to the relevant government agency ( conclusión ), (d) illegal enrichment of public officers and employees, and (e) producing knowingly false balance sheets and reports to cover up local or international bribery or influence peddling. Companies found liable for committing such crimes may be subject to various sanctions, including, among others, fines ranging from two to five times the “undue” benefit that was obtained or that could have been obtained through the actions incurred in breach of this regulation. Additionally, Companies found liable may forfeit assets obtained through the illegal actions. The law became effective on March 1, 2018.

 

·                        Amendment to Labor Risks Law . On February 15, 2017, the Argentine congress passed Law 27,348, which amends and complements Labor Risks Law No. 24,557, or the Labor Risks Law, and aims to reduce litigation arising from accidents at work. Under the new regime, prior to filing a lawsuit resulting from work-related accidents, affected workers must go through jurisdictional medical commissions, in order to assess the impact of any accident and to assign benefits provided for under the Labor Risks Law.

 

·                        Productive Financing Law . On May 9, 2018, the Argentine congress passed Law No. 27,440, which amends and updates the Argentine Capital Markets Law, the Mutual Funds Law and the Argentine Negotiable Obligations Law, among others. Furthermore, the law amends certain tax provisions, including certain regulations relating to derivatives and promotes a financial inclusion program.

 

·                        Social Security Reform Law . On December 28, 2017 Argentine Law No. 27,426 was promulgated. The law provides for modifications to the method of calculation of increases of social security benefits. In most cases, minimum benefits will equal 82% of the minimum wage. The law also grants employees the option to maintain their employment status until the age of 70, though employees may choose to retire earlier. Male employees may retire at 65 and female employees may retire at 60.

 

·                        Labor Reform Draft Bill . The Macri administration announced a draft bill to reform labor and social security which was sent to the Argentine congress for debate on November 21, 2017. On November 29, 2017, the draft bill was passed by the Argentine senate, and sent to the Argentine congress the

 

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same day. The draft bill aims to improve competitiveness and efficiency of various sectors, increase employment, attract investment and reduce labor costs.

 

·                        Tax Rules .

 

·                        Pursuant to the amendment to the Personal Assets Tax Law approved by Law No. 27,480, enacted on December 5, 2018, for fiscal year 2019 the minimum taxable amount is AR$2 million. For taxpayers domiciled in Argentina, the tax rate would still be 0.25% if the aggregate amount of declared assets is between AR$2 million and AR$5 million, but it would increase to 0.5% on the excess of AR$5 million if the declared assets are of between AR$5 and AR$20 million and to 0.75% on the excess of AR$20 million if the value of informed assets is higher than AR$20 million. For individuals and entities not domiciled in Argentina, the tax rate would be maintained at 0.25%, irrespective of the value of the taxable assets.

 

·                        Law No. 27,430, enacted on December 27, 2017, which included a series of tax and social security reforms (the “Tax Reform”) did not substantially modify the tax treatment set forth in Law No. 26,893 to gains recognized by nonresidents on the sale of shares, quotas or other equity participations in Argentine companies as well as “other securities” of Argentine residents. However, the reform shifted the tax liability from nonresident purchasers to nonresident sellers. Beginning January 1, 2018, when a nonresident seller sells shares or quotas in an Argentine company to a nonresident buyer, the seller must pay Argentine Income Tax on the Capital Gains (as defined below) through its legal representative in Argentina. General Resolution No. 4,227 establishes a payment mechanism for the Argentine Income Tax on Capital Gains pertaining to completed transactions.

 

·                        Limitation of Bureaucracy and Simplification . On January 11, 2018, Decree No. 27/2018, or Decree 27/2018, was published in the Argentine Official Gazette, with the objective to reduce government bureaucracy and approve new practices which reduce costs and boost competitiveness. The Decree 27/2018 modifies and simplifies regulatory frameworks related to Argentina’s National Food Safety and Quality Service ( Servicio Nacional de Sanidad y Calidad Agroalimentaria ) (“SENASA”), companies, transportation, trademark and patent procedures, transportation, digital signature, access to credit and work promotion.

 

·                        Regulation of the Modern Biotechnology Promotion and Development Law . On January 17, 2018, Decree 50/2018 regulating the Modern Biotechnology Promotion and Development Law No. 26,270 was published in the Argentine Official Gazette. With the aim of promoting the development and production of modern biotechnology in Argentina through tax benefits and other incentives, Decree 50/2018 establishes benefits that apply to qualifying beneficiaries.

 

·                        Negotiation with the IMF . On June 7, 2018, the Argentine government and the IMF announced the arrival of a technical agreement for the granting of a stand-by loan to Argentina for an amount of up to US$50 billion for a term of up to three years for strengthening the federal reserves and the financial and fiscal position of Argentina. The agreement was approved for the board of directors of the IMF on June 20, 2018, together with the fiscal and economic plan for Argentina and on June 21, 2018, the IMF made the first disbursement of US$15 billion. By the end of September 2018, a new agreement was announced under which the amount of the stand-by loan is increased in US$7.1 billion. Pursuant to the agreement, by the end of October 2018, the IMF made the second disbursement of $5.7 billion and by the end of December made a third disbursement of $7.6 billion. It is expected that the IMF would make additional disbursements in 2019 for US$22.8 billion.

 

Some of the measures proposed by the Macri administration may generate political and social opposition, which may in turn prevent the new government from adopting such measures as proposed. Political parties opposed to the Macri administration retained a majority of the seats in both chambers of the Argentine Congress in the last elections, which will require the Macri administration to seek political support from the opposition for its economic proposals. In October 2017, mid-term congressional elections were held in Argentina. Although

 

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President Macri’s governing coalition obtained the largest share of the votes at the national level, it continues without a majority in either chamber of congress. Such circumstances create further uncertainty in the ability of the Macri administration to pass legislation required to implement its proposals. In addition, there are presidential elections in Argentina in October 2019, and there are uncertainties on whether Macri will run for re-election or will be re-elected, or other candidate from his coalition will be elected, and the coalition majorities at both chambers of congress. Therefore, there remains uncertainty on the continuation of the measures and policies adopted by the Macri administration, or the changes to be adopted by a new administration and their impact on the economy and our business.

 

The fiscal, monetary and currency adjustments undertaken by the Macri administration subdued growth in the short-term. Immediately after most of the foreign exchange controls were lifted on December 10, 2015, the dismantling of the multiple exchange regime resulted in the official peso exchange rate (available only for certain types of transactions) falling in value by 40.1%, as the peso-U.S. dollar exchange rate reached Ps.13.76 to US$1.00 on December 17, 2015. As of December 2016, the Argentine peso depreciated 22.15% and as of December 2017, the Argentine peso depreciated 18.45%. During 2018, the Argentine peso has depreciated 103.83% (with a peak of AR$40.8967 to US$1 in September 30, 2018) accumulating a total depreciation of 284.84% since December 16, 2015 (immediately after most of the foreign exchange controls were lifted and dismantling of the multiple exchange regimes). For containing the escalade of the peso-U.S. dollar exchange rate, during 2018 the Central Bank sold more than US$14 billion, reducing the Central Bank reserves; and increased the peso interest rates to more than 60%, affecting the access to domestic financing. Due to the foreign exchange crisis, in 2018 the inflation soared to 47.6% with an official estimation of 29% for 2019, while private sources predict an inflation of 35% for the same period; and the economic activity contracted 3.3% in 2018 and is expected to contract 1.6% in 2019.

 

As of the date of this report, the impact that these measures and any future measures taken by the Macri administration will have on the Argentine economy cannot be predicted. The proposed deregulation could be disruptive to the economy and fail to benefit, or harm, our business. The failure of these measures to achieve their intended goals could adversely affect the Argentine economy and our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

The credibility of several Argentine economic indexes has been called into question, which may lead to a lack of confidence in the Argentine economy and in turn limit our ability to access the credit and capital markets.

 

Between 2007 and 2014, INDEC, which is the only institution in Argentina with the statutory authority to produce official national statistics, underwent a process of institutional and methodological reforms that gave rise to a controversy with respect to the reliability of the information it produces, including inflation, GDP and unemployment data.

 

Reports published by the IMF and data produced by private sources has shown that between 2007 and 2014, inflation rates were considerably higher than those published by INDEC. The IMF has censured Argentina for failing to adopt remedial measures addressing the quality of official data, including inflation and GDP data, as required under the Articles of Agreement of the IMF adopted at the United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference, Bretton Woods, on July 22, 1944 (the “Articles of Agreement of the IMF”).

 

Between February 2014 and November 2015, INDEC established a new inflation index, known as National Urban Consumer Price Index ( Índice de Precios al Consumidor Nacional Urbano ) (“NUCPI”), which measured prices on goods across the country and replaced the previous index that only measured inflation in the urban sprawl of the City of Buenos Aires. Even though the new methodology brought inflation statistics closer to those estimated by private sources, material differences between the official inflation data and private estimates remained during 2015.

 

However, during December 2015 and January 2016, the Macri administration declared the national statistical system and INDEC to be in a state of administrative emergency through December 31, 2016 and announced that INDEC would implement certain methodological reforms and adjust certain macroeconomic statistics on the basis of these reforms. Accordingly, the publication of official data on prices, poverty,

 

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unemployment and GDP was temporarily suspended and in the interim the Macri administration released an alternative temporary CPI index based on data from the City of Buenos Aires and the province of San Luis. After implementing the methodological reforms, in June 2016, INDEC resumed its CPI publications and revised GDP data for the years 2004 through 2015. Among other adjustments, in calculating GDP for 2004, INDEC made changes to the composition of GDP that resulted in a downward adjustment of approximately 12% for that year. In calculating real GDP for subsequent years based on the revised 2004 GDP, INDEC used deflators that are consistent with its revised methodology to calculate inflation. By understating inflation in the past, INDEC had overstated growth in real terms. The adjustments made by INDEC resulted in a determination of real GDP growth for the period between 2004 and 2015 of 48.6%, as opposed to a 65% growth in real terms for the same period resulting from the information used prior to June 2016. As a consequence of these reforms, on November 9, 2016, the IMF lifted its censure on Argentina, noting that Argentina had resumed the publication of data in a manner consistent with its obligations under the Articles of Agreement of the IMF. Recently, in March 2018, the Macri administration announced a draft bill to provide INDEC with total autonomy and to transform it into an entity that will guarantee greater statistical independence of the main macroeconomic indicators.

 

However, uncertainty remains as to whether official data and measurement procedures sufficiently reflect inflation in Argentina, and what effect these reforms will have on the Argentine economy. As of the date of this report, the impact that these measures and other future measures taken by the Macri administration with respect to INDEC could have on the Argentine economy and investors’ perception of the country cannot be predicted.

 

Continuing high inflation may have a negative effect on the Argentine economy and on our financial performance.

 

In the past, inflation has materially undermined the Argentine economy and the government’s ability to foster conditions that would permit stable growth. In recent years, Argentina has confronted inflationary pressures (including the depreciation of the Argentine Peso), evidenced by significantly higher fuel, energy and food prices, among other factors.

 

The reliability of INDEC’s statistical data between 2007 and 2015 has been called into question. However, since assuming office in December 2015, Macri’s administration temporarily suspended INDEC’s publication of price indexes and implemented a series of methodological reforms and adjustments to improve the reliability of the statistical information reported by INDEC. In the interim, INDEC released alternative temporary CPI index based on data from the City of Buenos Aires and the Province of San Luis and resumed CPI publications in June 2016. For further information, see “—Risks Related to Operating in Latin America and Argentina—Argentina—The credibility of several Argentine economic indexes has been called into question, which may lead to a lack of confidence in the Argentine economy and in turn limit our ability to access the credit and capital markets.”

 

According to data published by INDEC, the NUCPI increased 23.9% between January and December 2014 and 11.9% between January and October 2015. In 2014, based on data from the City of Buenos Aires, the CPI increased by 34.3%. In 2015, based on data from the Province of San Luis, the CPI grew 31.6% and based on data from the City of Buenos Aires, the CPI increased by 26.9%. For the period between January and April 2016, based on data from the Province of San Luis, the CPI grew 14.08% and based on data from the City of Buenos Aires, the CPI increased by 19.10%. After implementation of the methodological reforms, INDEC reported an increase in the CPI of 16.8% between June and December 2016, and of 24.8% in 2017. However, fostered by a depreciation of the Argentine Peso against the U.S. dollar of 103.83% during 2018, the CPI increased by 47.6%. The official estimation of CPI increase for 2019 is 29%, while private sources predict a CPI increase of 35% for the same period.

 

INDEC also published inflation figures for the Wholesale Price Index (“WPI”). According to data published by INDEC, the WPI increased 10.6% between January and October 2015, increased 34.5% in 2016 and 18.8% in 2017. Further, INDEC reported an increase of 73.5% during 2018.

 

If the fiscal deficit is not reduced and the exchange rate of the Argentine Peso to the U.S. dollar not stabilized, inflation rates could continue escalating and end in hyperinflation and a new economic crisis. There

 

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is uncertainty regarding the effects that the measures adopted, or that may be adopted in the future, by the Central Bank and/or the Argentine government may have in controlling inflation. If inflation remains high or continues to rise, Argentina’s economy may be negatively impacted, and our results of operations could be materially affected.

 

Limited access of the Federal Government and the private sector to the international capital markets could adversely affect our financial condition.

 

After Argentina’s 2001 sovereign default, resulting from defaulted bonds exchanges in 2005 and 2010, Argentina restructured approximately 91% of its defaulted debt that was eligible for restructuring. Holdout bondholders that declined to participate in the restructurings, however, filed lawsuits against Argentina in several countries, including the United States.

 

In November 2012, the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York ratified the injunction order issued on February 23, 2012, which held that Argentina had violated the pari passu clause with respect to the bondholders that had not participated in the sovereign debt swaps in 2005 and 2010, and as a consequence was required pursuant to the District Court’s ruling to pay 100% of the amounts due to the plaintiffs together with the payment of the amounts due on the next maturity date to bondholders who had participated in the debt swaps. In June 2014, the U.S. Supreme Court denied Argentina’s appeal for certiorari of the Second Circuit Court of Appeals’ ruling affirming the District Court judgment. That same month, the District Court ruled that funds should not be delivered to the holders of restructured debt in the absence of a prior agreement with the holdout bondholders. In June 2015, the U.S. Second Circuit Court of Appeals granted partial summary judgment to a group of “me-too” plaintiffs in 36 separate lawsuits, finding that Argentina violated a pari passu clause in bonds issued to the “me-too” bondholders.

 

In February 2016, the Macri administration reached agreements in principle with certain holdout bondholders to settle these claims, which were subject to the approval of the Argentine Congress and the lifting of the pari passu injunctions. In March 2016, after the District Court agreed to vacate the pari passu injunctions subject to certain conditions, the Argentine Congress ratified these settlement agreements through Law No. 27,249 and repealed the so-called Lock Law No. 26,017 and the Sovereign Payment Law No. 26,984, which prohibited Argentina to offer to holdout bondholders more favorable terms than those offered in the 2005 and 2010 debt swaps. In the months following the decisions, the Argentine government has reached settlement agreements with holders of a significant portion of the defaulted bonds and has repaid the majority of the holdouts creditors with the proceeds from a US$16.5 billion international offering of 3-year, 5-year, 10-year and 30-year bonds on April 22, 2016. Although the size of the claims involved decreased significantly, litigation initiated by bondholders that have not accepted Argentina’s settlement offer continues in several jurisdictions. Through this offering, Argentina temporarily regained access to the international capital markets.

 

Additionally, foreign shareholders of several Argentine companies have filed claims with ICSID, alleging that the emergency measures adopted by the Argentine government since the crisis in 2001 and 2002 differ from the just and equal treatment standards set forth in several bilateral investment treaties to which Argentina is a party. Many of these claims have been ruled against Argentina.

 

In January 2018, a new claim against the Argentine government was submitted by the fund “Draw Capital Partners” in New York in relation to certain interests due between 2014 and 2016. This claim has reopened discussions around Argentina’s foreign debt, despite the agreement reached by Macri’s administration to overcome the default.

 

Pursuant to a report issued by the Secretary Office of Finance in October 2018, as of June 30, 2018, Argentina’s foreign debt amounted to US$327.2 billion, which represents 77.4% of Argentina’s GDP. If the GDP Coupon is also considered, then Argentina’s foreign debt amounts to US$340.6 billion.

 

Holdout creditors litigation, as well as ICSID and other claims against the Argentine government, have resulted and may result in new material judgments against the government, lead to attachments of or injunctions relating to Argentina’s assets, or could bring Argentina in default of its other obligations, and such event may

 

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prevent Argentina from obtaining favorable terms or interest rates when accessing international capital markets or from accessing international financing at all. The termination of the injunctions issued by the U.S. courts preventing bondholders from receiving their interest payments on the bonds issued pursuant to the 2005 and 2010 exchange offers and the related subsequent events have paved the way for the Argentine government to regain access to the international capital markets.

 

However, the publication of a description of the bribes paid by Argentine businessmen to the Kirchner administration (known as the notebooks or graft scandal ( escándalo de los cuadernos )), along with the strong depreciation of the Argentine peso in 2018 and the increase of the fiscal deficit and inflation, have once again limited both the Argentine government and private entities’ access to the international capital markets.

 

The Argentine government’s ability to obtain additional international or multilateral private financing or direct foreign investment may be limited, which may in turn impair its ability to implement reforms and public policies to foster economic growth. In addition, the access of Argentine companies, such as us, to the international capital markets may continue to be limited or subject to terms less favorable than those provided to companies in other countries in the region, potentially impacting our financial condition.

 

An increase in export and import duties and controls may have an adverse impact on our business.

 

Since 2002, the Argentine government has imposed duties on the exports of various primary and manufactured products. Even though the majority of such imposed duties were suspended after the Macri administration took office, similar export duties were reimposed on September 4, 2018, until December 2020, in an effort to balance the Argentine government’s budget until the economy is stabilized. See “—Risks Related to Operating in Latin America and Argentina— Argentina—Political developments in Argentina could adversely affect the Argentine economy—Foreign Trade Reforms.”

 

The government imposed the Import Monitoring System (the “SIMI”) in December 2015. Under this new system, importers are required to submit certain information electronically through the SIMI application which, once approved, will be valid for 180 calendar days.

 

The Argentine government has also enacted an import licensing regime that includes automatic and non-automatic licensing for imports according to the tariff codes of the goods to be imported. Automatic import licensing implies that the importer must only get through the SIMI and any other certification related to the imported goods. Non-automatic licensing implies that the authorities also have a ten-day term to either approve or reasonably reject the import license requested due to its effect on local businesses, aside from the other import requirements that the goods may have (including SIMI and certifications).

 

Notwithstanding the above, we cannot make assurances or predictions that there will not be further increases in the export duties or that other new export duties, taxes or quotas will not be imposed. The imposition of new export duties, taxes or quotas or a significant increase in existing export duties or the application of export quotas or the imposition of regimes that aim to restrict or control imports and exports could adversely affect our financial condition or results of operations.

 

The implementation of future exchange controls and restrictions on capital inflows and outflows could limit the availability of international credit, adversely affecting the Argentine economy, and, as a result, our financial condition and results of operations.

 

Starting in 2001, and increasingly from 2011 until President Macri assumed office in December 2015, the Argentine government increased foreign exchange controls. Together with regulations established in 2012 that subjected certain foreign exchange transactions to prior approval by the Argentine tax authorities or the Central Bank, the measures taken by the previous administration significantly curtailed access to the foreign exchange market by Argentine and non-Argentine individuals and private sector entities. In response, an unofficial U.S. dollar trading market developed in which the peso-U.S. dollar exchange rate differed substantially from the official peso-U.S. dollar exchange rate.

 

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In the past, the Argentine government also imposed informal restrictions, such as limitations on the ability of certain local companies and individuals to purchase foreign currency. These restrictions on foreign currency purchases started in October 2011 and tightened during 2012 through 2014 until the end of 2015. Informal restrictions may consist of de facto measures restricting local residents and companies from purchasing foreign currency through the foreign exchange market to make payments abroad, such as dividends, capital reductions, and payment for importation of goods and services.

 

Exchange controls which were in place in the previous administration affected the level of international reserves deposited with the Central Bank, which significantly decreased from US$47.4 billion as of November 1, 2011 to US$25.6 billion (Ps.332.9 billion) as of December 31, 2015, resulting in a reduced capacity of the Argentine government to intervene in the foreign exchange market and to provide access to such markets to private sector entities like our Argentine subsidiaries. As of December 31, 2017, the level of international reserves deposited with the Central Bank was US$55.1 billion and as of December 31, 2018, US$65.7 billion. Notwithstanding the measures adopted by the new administration, in the future the Argentine government could otherwise reduce the level of international reserves deposited with the Central Bank, which could lead to political and social tensions and undermine the Argentine government’s public finances, as has occurred in the past, which could adversely affect Argentina’s economy and prospects for economic growth.

 

Effective October 1, 2018, the Central Bank defined foreign exchange intervention and non-intervention zones for the U.S. dollar exchange rate until the end of 2018, which were set at AR$34 per U.S. dollar in the lower bound and AR$44 per U.S. dollar in the upper bound, and are adjusted daily at a monthly rate of 3%, provided that beyond the upper bound, the Central Bank may sell foreign currency for a daily amount of up to US$50 million, and beyond the lower bound, the Central Bank may increase the monetary base backed with the increase of the federal reserves. As of the date of this report, the non-intervention zones were fixed at AR$38.642 per U.S. dollar in the lower bound and AR$50.007 per U.S. dollar in the upper bound.

 

In addition, due to the foreign exchange crisis, soaring inflation and plummeting economic activity during the first half of 2018, on November 8, 2018 the Central Bank issued Communication “A” 6595 imposing on financial entities a minimum cash requirement equal to 23% up to 29 days; 17% between 30 and 59 days; 11% between 60 and 89 days; 5% between 90 and 179 days; 2% between 180 and 365 days; and 0% for more than 365 days on obligations with international financial facilities; which, however, was repealed on January 1, 2019.

 

In the future, the Argentine government could reinstate other exchange controls, transfer restrictions, repatriation obligations, mandatory deposits and take other measures in response to capital flight or a significant depreciation of the Argentine peso, all of which could limit our ability to access the international capital markets. Such measures could lead to political and social tensions and undermine the Argentine government’s public finances, as has occurred in the past, which could adversely affect Argentina’s economy and prospects for economic growth, which, in turn, could impair the ability of our Argentine subsidiaries to make dividend payments and adversely affect our business and results of operations.

 

The Argentine government may order salary increases for employees in the private sector, which could increase our operating costs and adversely affect our results of operations.

 

In the past, the Argentine government has passed laws, regulations and decrees requiring companies in the private sector to increase wages and provide specified benefits to employees and may do so again in the future. In September 2014, the minimum salary was Ps.4,400 and the Argentine government increased it to Ps.4,716 in January 2015, to Ps.5,588 in August 2015, to Ps.6,060 in January 2016, to Ps.6,810 in June 2016, to Ps.7,560 in September 2016, to Ps.8,860 in September 2017 and to Ps.10,700 in September 2018. Recently, the Argentine government has also approved additional increases of the minimum salary to Ps.11,300 as of December 2018, to Ps.11,900 as of March 2019 and to Ps.12,500 as of June 2019. Argentine employers, both in the public and private sectors, have experienced significant pressure from their employees and labor organizations to increase wages and to provide additional employee benefits. Due to the high levels of inflation, employees and labor organizations are demanding significant wage increases. Recently, the INDEC published data regarding the evolution of salaries in the private and public sectors, which reflects a salary increase in the private and public sectors, respectively, of 32.91% and 32.58% between November 2015 and December 2016, 26.7% and 25.26%

 

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between January 2017 and December 2017 and 28.3% and 27.2% between January 2018 and November 2018. However, due to high levels of inflation, employers in both the public and private sectors have historically experienced, and currently are experiencing, significant pressure from unions and their employees to further increase salaries. Recently, commercial pilots’ of Aerolíneas Argentinas S.A. (the state-owned airline) obtained a salary increase of 40.5%, and workers in the oil industry obtained a salary increase of 25.0% and have demanded additional increases. In addition, on November 12, 2018, the Argentine government issued a decree imposing the payment of an extraordinary non-remuneratory bonus of AR$5,000 to all workers in the private sector, to be paid in two installments in December 2018 and February 2019. This bonus and similar salary increases and additional payments could also have an effect on inflation, and, if, as a result of such measures and demands, future salary increases in the Argentine peso exceed the pace of the devaluation of the Argentine peso, this could have a material and adverse effect on our costs and business, results of operations and financial condition.

 

The disposition or sale of BIOX shares and/or BIOX warrants may be subject to taxation in Argentina.

 

According to amendments to Argentine Income Tax Law No. 20,628 (the “Argentine Income Tax Law”) through the Tax Reform on December 27, 2017, gains realized from the indirect sale or disposal of assets located in Argentina, including shares or other equity participations in Argentine companies by an entity or individual not resident in Argentina (“Non-Argentine Resident”) are taxable under certain conditions, as if a direct sale took place (the “Tax on Indirect Sales”).

 

The Tax Reform created a presumption of income from Argentine source on the sale or disposition by Non-Argentine Residents of shares and participations (or rights to receive such shares or participations) in foreign entities whose underlying assets are fully or partially located in Argentina, as long as the following conditions are met:

 

(1)               At least thirty percent of the value of the shares, participations or rights of the foreign entity, at the time of sale or in any of the 12 previous months, derives from assets that the entity owns directly or indirectly in Argentina. For this purpose, such Argentine assets or rights will be valued at their fair market value and will include, among others, shares or other forms of ownership, control or participation in the profits of a company incorporated in Argentina; and

 

(2)               The securities or rights of the foreign entity being sold or disposed represent, at least, ten percent of the equity of that entity, at the time of their disposal or in any of the 12 previous months. For purposes of this calculation, ownership of related entities, spouses and other relatives must be considered jointly.

 

(3)               The relevant shares and participations in the foreign entity have been acquired on or after January 1, 2018.

 

In case the Tax on Indirect Sales applies, the Argentine source gain (the acquisition cost may be adjusted by inflation) on which the Tax on Indirect Sales will be calculated is a proportion to the value of the Argentine assets held by the foreign entity with respect to the total value of the securities or rights being transferred.

 

The Tax on Indirect Sales is levied at a 15% rate on the net capital gain (the acquisition cost may be adjusted by inflation), or at a 13.5% effective rate on the gross price and should be paid to the Argentine tax authorities if (i) the buyer or acquirer is an Argentine corporate entity (in general, entities organized or incorporated under Argentine law, certain traders and intermediaries, local branches of foreign entities, sole proprietorships and individuals carrying on certain commercial activities in Argentina) (“Argentine Entity”) or an Argentine resident individual (“Argentine Resident”), by the Argentine Entity or Argentine Resident, who will act as withholding agent, or (ii) none of the parties are Argentine Entities or Residents, by the seller or transferor or its legal representative in Argentina, if any. However, such rates may be reduced if a Treaty to Avoid Double Taxation were applicable to Bioceres LLC. If the Tax on Indirect Sales becomes applicable and the tax is applied on a net basis, pursuant to current income tax rules, the acquisition cost may be adjusted by the CPI to calculate the net capital gain.

 

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Argentine Income Tax Law sets forth that the tax on Indirect Sales does not apply to transfers made within the same economic group. Pursuant to regulations issued by the Argentine Ministry of Economy, transfers within the same economic group would take place when the seller or sellers participate or participates, directly or indirectly, in at least 80% of the transferee’s capital, or vice versa, or when one or more entities participate, directly or indirectly, in at least 80% of the transferor’s and transferee’s capital, and such participations have been held for at least two years prior to the transfer.

 

The payment of the In-Kind Consideration under the Rizobacter Call Option may be subject to taxation in Argentina.

 

In the event the Rizobacter Call Option is exercised, and if the UAC shares to be delivered by UAC in connection with the payment of the In-Kind Consideration represent more than ten percent of all UAC’s issued and outstanding shares, such delivery of the UAC shares would be subject to the Tax on Indirect Sales at the level of UAC levied on the gain resulting from the difference between the UAC shares’ tax basis (acquisition cost) and the UAC shares fair market value as of the transfer date. However, the rate of the Tax on Indirect Sales might be reduced if at the time of the delivery by UAC of the UAC shares, UAC is a UK tax resident and the Treaty to Avoid Double Taxation between Argentina and United Kingdom applies. Any resulting Tax on Indirect Sales would be calculated on the proportion of the value that the Argentine assets represent with respect to the total value of the UAC shares delivered and should be paid to the Argentine tax authorities by UAC or its legal representative in Argentina, if any. However, to the extent that the delivery of the UAC shares and satisfaction of the In-Kind Consideration occurs simultaneously, there would be no tax basis for the Tax on Indirect Sales if UAC’s acquisition cost for the UAC shares equals such shares’ fair market value on the same day.

 

In addition, satisfaction of the In-Kind Consideration under the Rizobacter Call Option would be deemed a sale of the UAC shares by RASA Holding to the Grantors subject to the Tax on Indirect Sales at the level of RASA Holding. However, to the extent that the delivery of the UAC shares and satisfaction of the In-Kind Consideration occurs simultaneously, there would be no tax basis for the Tax on Indirect Sales as RASA Holding’s acquisition cost for the UAC shares equals such shares’ fair market value on the same day.

 

The holding of Argentine companies’ equity by Non-Argentine Residents and dividend distributions from Argentine Entities to Non-Argentine Residents may be subject to taxation in Argentina.

 

Non-Argentine residents are subject to Argentine personal assets tax for holding shares and other equity participations in Argentine companies as of December 31 st of each year at a rate of 0.25%, which is levied on the proportional net worth value ( valor patrimonial proporcional ) of the shares arising from the last balance sheet. Argentine companies are obliged to pay the tax on behalf of their Non-Argentine Resident shareholders, partners or owners and are entitled to seek reimbursement from them.

 

As a result of the Tax Reform, dividends from profits obtained by Argentine Entities during fiscal years beginning on or after January 1, 2018 and up to December 31, 2019, paid to Non-Argentine Residents are subject to income tax withholding at a rate of 7% on the amount of dividends paid levied, which rate is increased to 13% for profits obtained during fiscal years beginning on or after January 1, 2020. The 13% domestic rate may be reduced by application of tax treaties signed by Argentina.

 

We cannot predict the full impact that the application of these taxes would have on Bioceres Crop Solutions, which is not an Argentine company, BCS Holding and their other Non-Argentine Resident subsidiaries in connection with their holding of shares and equity in Argentine companies.

 

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Risks Related to Our Securities

 

There can be no assurance that we will be able to comply with the continued listing standards of the NYSE American.

 

Our ordinary shares and public warrants are currently listed on the NYSE American (the “NYSE”). Our continued eligibility for listing may depend on, among other things, the amount of “public float” (equity held by non-affiliates). If the NYSE delists BIOX shares from trading on its exchange for failure to meet the listing standards, BIOX shareholders could face significant material adverse consequences including:

 

·                        a limited availability of market quotations for BIOX’s securities;

 

·                        reduced liquidity for BIOX’s securities;

 

·                        a determination that BIOX shares is a “penny stock” which will require brokers trading in BIOX share to adhere to more stringent rules and possibly result in a reduced level of trading activity in the secondary trading market for BIOX’s securities;

 

·                        a limited amount of news and analyst coverage; and

 

·                        a decreased ability to issue additional securities or obtain additional financing in the future.

 

The National Securities Markets Improvement Act of 1996, which is a federal statute, prevents or preempts the states from regulating the sale of certain securities, which are referred to as “covered securities.” Because our ordinary shares and public warrants are listed on the NYSE or another national securities exchange, they are covered securities. If our securities were no longer listed on NYSE, they would not be covered securities and we would be subject to regulation in each state in which we offer securities.

 

A significant portion of our ordinary shares following the business combination are restricted from immediate resale, but may be sold into the market in the future. This could cause the market price of our ordinary shares to drop significantly, even if our business is doing well.

 

Sales of a substantial number of shares in the public market could occur at any time. These sales, or the perception in the market that the holders of a large number of shares intend to sell shares, could reduce the market price of our ordinary shares.

 

The initial shareholders of UAC have agreed not to transfer, assign or sell any of their shares until the earlier to occur of: (A) one year after the completion of the business combination or (B) the date on which the closing price of our ordinary shares equals or exceeds US$12.00 per share (as adjusted for share splits, share dividends, reorganizations and recapitalization) for any 20 trading days within any 30-trading day period commencing 150 days after a business combination, or earlier if, subsequent to a business combination, we complete a liquidation, merger, share exchange or other similar transaction that results in all of our public shareholders having the right to exchange their ordinary shares for cash, securities or other property.

 

In addition, in connection with the execution Exchange Agreement, UAC and Bioceres, Inc. entered into the Lock-up Agreement, pursuant to which Bioceres, Inc. may not transfer the UAC shares received as consideration in the business combination under terms that are consistent with the lock-up arrangements described above. As restrictions on resale end, the market price of our ordinary shares could decline if the holders of currently restricted shares sell them or are perceived by the market as intending to sell them.

 

The exercise of outstanding warrants would increase the number of shares eligible for future resale in the public market and result in dilution to shareholders.

 

UAC issued public warrants to purchase 11,500,000 ordinary shares as part of its IPO and private warrants to purchase 5,200,000 ordinary shares. Each public and private warrant became exercisable upon the completion of the business combination and will expire on the fifth anniversary of the completion of the business combination. Pursuant to the terms of the warrant agreement, we have agreed that as soon as practicable after the consummation of the business combination, we will use our best efforts to file with the SEC a registration statement for the registration, under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), of the ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of the warrants. We will use our best efforts to cause the same to become effective and to maintain the effectiveness of

 

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such registration statement and a current prospectus relating thereto, until the expiration of the warrants in accordance with the provisions of the warrant agreement. In addition, 7,500,000 warrants have been issued in connection with the business combination. The potential for the issuance of a substantial number of additional shares upon exercise of these warrants will result in dilution to the then existing holders of our ordinary shares and increase the number of ordinary shares eligible for resale in the public market. Sales of substantial numbers of such shares in the public market could adversely affect the market price of our ordinary shares.

 

There is no guarantee that the public warrants will ever be in the money, and they may expire worthless.

 

The exercise price for BIOX warrants is US$11.50 per whole ordinary share. There is no guarantee that the public warrants will ever be in the money prior to their expiration, and as such, the warrants may expire worthless.

 

Following the closing of the business combination, we are a “controlled company” within the meaning of NYSE rules and, as a result, qualify for exemptions from certain corporate governance requirements.

 

Following completion of the business combination, Bioceres S.A. controls, directly or indirectly, a majority of the voting power of Bioceres Crop Solutions’ outstanding shares. Under NYSE rules, a listed company of which more than 50.0% of the voting power for the election of directors is held by any person or group of persons acting together is a “controlled company” and may elect not to comply with certain NYSE corporate governance requirements, including the requirement (i) that a majority of the board of directors consist of independent directors, as defined under the NYSE rules and (ii) to have a compensation committee and a nominating and governance committee. We have decided to be treated as a “controlled company” and, even though the majority of our Board of Directors (along with our compensation committee and our nominating and governance committee that we chose to establish) consists of independent directors, you may not have the same protections afforded to shareholders of companies that are subject to all of the NYSE corporate governance requirements.

 

Bioceres S.A. controls us, and its interests may conflict with yours in the future.

 

Bioceres S.A. currently indirectly owns 74.7% of Bioceres Crop Solutions. As a result of this voting control, Bioceres S.A. will effectively be able to determine the outcome of all matters requiring shareholder approval, including, but not limited to, the election and removal of directors (subject to any contractual designation rights), as well as other matters of corporate or management policy (such as potential mergers or acquisitions, payment of dividends, asset sales, and amendments to organizational documents). This concentration of ownership may delay or deter possible changes in control and limit the liquidity of the trading market for BIOX shares, which may reduce the value of an investment such shares. This voting control could also deprive shareholders of an opportunity to receive a premium for their shares as part of a potential sale of Bioceres Crop Solutions. So long as Bioceres S.A. and its affiliates continue to own a significant amount of Bioceres Crop Solutions’ voting power, they may continue to be able to strongly influence or effectively control its decisions. The interests of Bioceres S.A. and its affiliates may not coincide with the interests of other holders of BIOX shares.

 

We believe we were treated as a passive foreign investment company for the taxable year ending January 31, 2019, which could result in adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences to certain U.S. investors, unless certain elections are made.

 

We will be treated as a “passive foreign investment company” (“PFIC”) for any taxable year in which either (1) at least 75% of our gross income (looking through certain 25% or more-owned corporate subsidiaries) is passive income or (2) at least 50% of the average value of our assets (looking through certain 25% or more-owned corporate subsidiaries) is attributable to assets that produce, or are held for the production of, passive income. Passive income generally includes, without limitation, dividends, interest, rents, royalties, and gains from the disposition of passive assets. We believe that we were treated as a PFIC for the taxable year ending January 31, 2019. As we were treated as a PFIC for the taxable year ending January 31, 2019, a U.S. Holder (as defined in “Taxation”) who held our shares or warrants in the taxable year ending January 31, 2019 may continue to be subject to increased U.S. federal income tax liability and may be subject to additional

 

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reporting requirements under the PFIC regime, unless certain elections are made. See the section of this report entitled “Item 10. Additional Information—E. Taxation—Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations—U.S. Holders—Passive Foreign Investment Company Considerations”). We urge prospective U.S. Holders to consult their own tax advisors regarding the possible application of the PFIC rules to their individual circumstances.

 

We may not qualify as a U.K. tax resident, which would increase withholding taxes on dividends received from our subsidiaries.

 

We plan to move our place of central management and control to the United Kingdom and become a tax resident of the United Kingdom. In the event that we do not, or if the United Kingdom taxing authority does not accept that we are a United Kingdom tax resident, or any other relevant tax authority does not accept that we are a UK tax resident, then, among other things, any dividend distributions from our U.S. subsidiary would be subject to a 30% U.S. withholding tax .

 

A market for our securities may not continue, which would adversely affect the liquidity and price of our securities.

 

Following the business combination, the price of our securities may fluctuate significantly due to the market’s reaction to the business combination and general market and economic conditions. An active trading market for our securities following the business combination may never develop or, if developed, it may not be sustained. In addition, the price of our securities after the business combination can vary due to general economic conditions and forecasts, our general business condition and the release of our financial reports. Additionally, if our securities are not listed on, or become delisted from, the NYSE for any reason, and are quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board, an inter-dealer automated quotation system for equity securities that is not a national securities exchange, the liquidity and price of our securities may be more limited than if our securities were quoted or listed on the NYSE or another national securities exchange. You may be unable to sell your securities unless a market can be established or sustained.

 

The price of our securities may fluctuate.

 

Fluctuations in the price of our securities could contribute to the loss of all or part of your investment. Immediately prior to the business combination, there has not been a public market for Bioceres’ stock and trading in UAC ordinary shares has not been active. Accordingly, the valuation ascribed to Bioceres and UAC ordinary shares in the business combination may not be indicative of the price that will prevail in the trading market following the business combination. If an active market for our securities develops and continues, the trading price of our securities could be volatile and subject to wide fluctuations in response to various factors, some of which are beyond our control. Any of the factors listed below could have a material adverse effect on your investment in our securities and our securities may trade at prices significantly below the price you paid for them. In such circumstances, the trading price of our securities may not recover and may experience a further decline.

 

Factors affecting the trading price of our securities following the business combination may include, among others:

 

·                        actual or anticipated fluctuations in our interim financial results or the interim financial results of companies perceived to be similar to us;

 

·                        changes in the market’s expectations about our operating results;

 

·                        the public’s reaction to our press releases, our other public announcements and our filings with the SEC;

 

·                        speculation in the press or in the investment community;

 

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·                        success of competitors;

 

·                        the operating results failing to meet the expectation of securities analysts or investors in a particular period;

 

·                        changes in financial estimates and recommendations by securities analysts concerning our securities or the market in general;

 

·                        operating and stock price performance of other companies that investors deem comparable to the Company;

 

·                        our ability to market new and enhanced products on a timely basis;

 

·                        changes in laws and regulations affecting our business;

 

·                        commencement of, or involvement in, litigation involving us;

 

·                        changes in our capital structure, such as future issuances of securities or the incurrence of additional debt;

 

·                        the volume of our ordinary shares available for public sale;

 

·                        any major change in our Board of Directors or management;

 

·                        sales of substantial amounts of our ordinary shares by our directors, officers or significant shareholders or the perception that such sales could occur; and

 

·                        general economic and political conditions such as recessions, interest rates, fuel prices, international currency fluctuations and acts of war or terrorism.

 

Broad market and industry factors may materially harm the market price of our securities irrespective of our operating performance. The stock market in general and the NYSE have experienced price and volume fluctuations that have often been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of the particular companies affected. The trading prices and valuations of these stocks, and of our securities, may not be predictable. A loss of investor confidence in the market for the stocks of other companies which investors perceive to be similar to the Company could depress our share price regardless of our business, prospects, financial conditions or results of operations. A decline in the market price of our securities also could adversely affect our ability to issue additional securities and our ability to obtain additional financing in the future.

 

In the past, securities class action litigation has often been initiated against companies following periods of volatility in their stock price. This type of litigation could result in substantial costs and divert our management’s attention and resources, and could also require us to make substantial payments to satisfy judgments or to settle litigation.

 

If securities or industry analysts do not publish or cease publishing research or reports about BIOX, its business, or its market, or if they change their recommendations regarding BIOX ordinary shares adversely, then the price and trading volume of BIOX ordinary shares could decline.

 

The trading market for BIOX ordinary shares will be influenced by the research and reports that industry or securities analysts may publish about us, our business, our market, or our competitors. Securities and industry analysts do not currently, and may never, publish research on us. If no securities or industry analysts commence coverage of BIOX, BIOX’s share price and trading volume would likely be negatively impacted. If any of the analysts who may cover BIOX change their recommendation regarding BIOX’s shares adversely, or provide more favorable relative recommendations about BIOX’s competitors, the price of BIOX ordinary shares would likely decline. If any analyst who may cover the Company were to cease coverage of the Company or fail to

 

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regularly publish reports on it, we could lose visibility in the financial markets, which could cause our ordinary share price or trading volume to decline.

 

We may amend the terms of the warrants in a manner that may be adverse to holders with the approval by the holders of at least a majority of the then outstanding warrants.

 

Our public warrants were issued in registered form under a warrant agreement between Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as warrant agent, and UAC. The warrant agreement provides that the terms of the warrants may be amended without the consent of any holder to cure any ambiguity or correct any defective provision. The warrant agreement requires the approval by the holders of at least a majority of the then outstanding warrants (including the private warrants) in order to make any change that adversely affects the interests of the registered holders. Accordingly, we would need approval from the holders of only 3,150,001, or 27.4%, of the public warrants to amend the terms of the warrants (assuming the holders of the private placement warrants voted in favor of such amendment).

 

We may redeem your unexpired warrants prior to their exercise at a time that is disadvantageous to you, thereby making your warrants worthless.

 

We have the ability to redeem outstanding warrants at any time after they become exercisable and prior to their expiration, at a price of US$0.01 per warrant, provided that the last reported sales price of the ordinary shares equals or exceeds US$18.00 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations and recapitalizations) for any 20 trading days within a 30 trading-day period ending on the third business day prior to proper notice of such redemption, provided that on the date we give notice of redemption and during the entire period thereafter until the time we redeem the warrants, we have an effective registration statement under the Securities Act covering the ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of the warrants and a current prospectus relating to them is available. If and when the warrants become redeemable by us, we may exercise our redemption right even if we are unable to register or qualify the underlying securities for sale under all applicable state securities laws. Redemption of the outstanding warrants could force you (i) to exercise your warrants and pay the exercise price therefor at a time when it may be disadvantageous for you to do so, (ii) to sell your warrants at the then-current market price when you might otherwise wish to hold your warrants or (iii) to accept the nominal redemption price which, at the time the outstanding warrants are called for redemption, is likely to be substantially less than the market value of your warrants.

 

Because we are incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands, you may face difficulties in protecting your interests, and your ability to protect your rights through the U.S. Federal courts may be limited.

 

The Company is an exempted company incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands and a majority of our officers and directors are residents of jurisdictions outside the United States. As a result, it may be difficult for investors to effect service of process within the United States upon our directors or executive officers, or enforce judgments obtained in the United States courts against our directors or officers.

 

Our corporate affairs are governed by our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association (the “Articles”), the Cayman Islands Companies Law (2018 Revision) (as the same may be supplemented or amended from time to time) or the common law of the Cayman Islands. We are also subject to the federal securities laws of the United States. The rights of shareholders to take action against the directors, actions by minority shareholders and the fiduciary responsibilities of our directors to the Company under Cayman Islands law are to a large extent governed by the common law of the Cayman Islands. The common law of the Cayman Islands is derived in part from comparatively limited judicial precedent in the Cayman Islands as well as from English common law, the decisions of whose courts are of persuasive authority, but are not binding on a court in the Cayman Islands. The rights of our shareholders and the fiduciary responsibilities of our directors under Cayman Islands law are different from statutes or judicial precedent in some jurisdictions in the United States, and certain states, such as Delaware, may have more fully developed and judicially interpreted bodies of corporate law. In particular, the Cayman Islands has a different body of securities laws as compared to the United

 

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States. In addition, Cayman Islands companies may not have standing to initiate a shareholders derivative action in a Federal court of the United States.

 

We have been advised by our Cayman Islands legal counsel that the courts of the Cayman Islands are unlikely (i) to recognize or enforce against us judgments of courts of the United States predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the federal securities laws of the United States or any state; and (ii) in original actions brought in the Cayman Islands, to impose liabilities against us predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the federal securities laws of the United States or any state, so far as the liabilities imposed by those provisions are penal in nature. In those circumstances, although there is no statutory enforcement in the Cayman Islands of judgments obtained in the United States, the courts of the Cayman Islands will recognize and enforce a foreign money judgment of a foreign court of competent jurisdiction without retrial on the merits based on the principle that a judgment of a competent foreign court imposes upon the judgment debtor an obligation to pay the sum for which judgment has been given provided certain conditions are met. For a foreign judgment to be enforced in the Cayman Islands, such judgment must be final and conclusive and for a liquidated sum, and must not be in respect of taxes or a fine or penalty, inconsistent with a Cayman Islands judgment in respect of the same matter, impeachable on the grounds of fraud or obtained in a manner, and or be of a kind the enforcement of which is, contrary to natural justice or the public policy of the Cayman Islands (awards of punitive or multiple damages may well be held to be contrary to public policy). A Cayman Islands Court may stay enforcement proceedings if concurrent proceedings are being brought elsewhere.

 

As a result of all of the above, public shareholders may have more difficulty in protecting their interests in the face of actions taken by management, members of the board of directors or controlling shareholders than they would as public shareholders of a United States company.

 

We are an “emerging growth company” and it cannot be certain if the reduced disclosure requirements applicable to emerging growth companies will make our ordinary shares less attractive to investors.

 

We are an “emerging growth company,” as defined in the JOBS Act, and we  will remain an emerging growth company until the earlier of (1) the last day of the fiscal year (a) following the fifth anniversary of the completion of UAC’s IPO, (b) in which we have total annual gross revenue of at least US$1.07 billion, or (c) in which we are deemed to be a large accelerated filer, which means the market value of our outstanding shares that are held by non-affiliates exceeds US$700 million as of the prior June 30, and (2) the date on which we have issued more than US$1.0 billion in non-convertible debt during the prior three year period. As an emerging growth company, we are not required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, we have reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements and we are exempt from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and shareholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved. Additionally, as an emerging growth company, we have elected to delay the adoption of new or revised accounting standards that have different effective dates for public and private companies until those standards apply to private companies. As such, our financial statements may not be comparable to companies that comply with public company effective dates. We cannot predict if investors will find our securities less attractive because we may rely on these provisions. If some investors find our securities less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for our securities and our share price may be more volatile.

 

As a foreign private issuer, we are exempt from certain disclosure requirements under the Exchange Act, which may afford less protection to our shareholders than they would enjoy if we were a domestic U.S. company.

 

Upon consummation of the business combination, we qualify as a foreign private issuer. As a foreign private issuer, we are exempt from, among other things, the rules prescribing the furnishing and content of proxy statements under the Exchange Act. In addition, our executive officers, directors and principal shareholders are exempt from the reporting and short swing profit recovery provisions contained in Section 16 of the Exchange Act. We are also not required under the Exchange Act to file periodic reports and financial statements with the SEC as frequently or as promptly as domestic U.S. companies with securities registered under the Exchange Act. As a result, our shareholders may be afforded less protection than they would under the Exchange Act rules applicable to domestic U.S. companies.

 

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ITEM 4.                                                 INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY

 

A.                  History and Development of the Company

 

General Overview

 

We are a fully-integrated provider of crop productivity solutions, including seeds, seed traits, seed treatments, biologicals, high-value adjuvants and fertilizers. While most industry participants specialize in a single technology, chemistry, product, condition or stage of plant development, we have developed a multi-discipline and multi-product platform capable of providing solutions throughout the entire crop cycle, from pre-planting to transportation and storage. Our platform is designed to cost-effectively bring high-value technologies to market through an open-architecture approach. See “—Our Business Model”. Our headquarters and primary operations are based in Argentina, which is our key end-market as well as one of the largest markets globally for GM crops. Our controlling shareholder, Bioceres S.A., leverages its relationship with its shareholders, many of whom are agricultural leaders and key participants in our end-markets, to increase adoption of our products and technologies. In 2016, we raised capital through financing from strategic investors such as Monsanto and BAF Capital, which we believe represents validation of our business model as well as endorsement of our products.

 

As of September 30, 2018, we owned or licensed 368 registered products and we owned or licensed, either exclusively or non-exclusively, 210 patents and patent applications. In some instances, our licenses are limited in terms of duration, geography and/or field of use. In the three-month period ended September 30, 2018, we distributed over 7.6 million doses of inoculants, 1.4 million liters of adjuvants, 2.6 tons of high value fertilizers as well as other agricultural inputs, and in the year ended June 30, 2018, we distributed over 14.1 million doses of inoculants, 7.5 million liters of adjuvants, 6.6 tons of high value fertilizers as well as other agricultural inputs across more than 25 countries, including Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, India, United States, Uruguay, Germany, South Africa among others. Our pipeline of products includes fertilizers, inoculants, adjuvants, crop protection solutions and seeds. Our net revenue, net loss and Adjusted EBITDA for the year ended June 30, 2018 were US$133.5 million, US$14.3 million and US$22.4 million, respectively. Adjusted EBITDA is a non-IFRS financial measure. Net loss is the most directly comparable measure calculated in accordance with IFRS. See “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—A. Operating Results—Non-IFRS Financial Measures” and “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Business” for information regarding our use of Adjusted EBITDA and a reconciliation of net loss to Adjusted EBITDA.

 

Taking into account our acquisition of Rizobacter in October 2016, we have a combined experience of 42 years and we have established a leadership position in sourcing, development, production and sales of biological products for some of the most globally prolific crops, including soy, corn, wheat and alfalfa. We sell our products through a 90-person sales and marketing team and enjoy exceptional access to the end-user grower as a result of: (i) our strategic alliances with global leaders, such as Syngenta AG (“Syngenta”), Valent Biosciences, Dow AgroSciences, Don Mario and TMG; (ii) the shareholders of our parent company, who collectively control significant agricultural land; and (iii) our longstanding relationships with dealers and distributors. Our customers include global blue-chip companies and industry leaders, large distributors, co-ops and dealers, as well as growers.

 

Our leading infrastructure, the success of our platform and commanding presence in our key markets have made us the effective flagship agricultural solutions provider, as well as the natural partner for global conglomerates, in South America.

 

Our History

 

Our parent company, Bioceres S.A. (the “Parent”), was founded in 2001 by a leading group of growers in Argentina to address the demand for higher crop yield and productivity in a sustainable and environmentally conscious way. Since our founding, we have developed one of the leading fully integrated biotechnology platforms of its kind to source, validate, develop and commercialize agricultural technologies and products. We have strategically targeted some of the most globally prolific crops, namely, soy, wheat, alfalfa and corn, in one of the largest geographies for GM plants on a global scale.

 

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In order to bring our products to market in an efficient and cost-effective manner, we have established multiple joint ventures, formed non-joint venture collaborations and created and acquired multiple companies. Our joint ventures include partnerships with important industry participants, such as Florimond Desprez, De Sangosse and Arcadia Biosciences. Some of our non-joint venture collaborations include those with Dow AgroSciences, Momentive, Syngenta and Forage Genetics, among others. Of the companies we have acquired, the most significant was our October 2016 acquisition of the controlling stake in Rizobacter S.A., a global leader in biological products and a pioneer in liquid inoculants.

 

On March 14, 2019, Union consummated the previously announced business combination pursuant to the Exchange Agreement, and prior to that date, the Reorganization also took place.  In addition, concurrently with the consummation of the business combination on March 14, 2019, the Rizobacter Call Option was exercised, pursuant to which the total indirect ownership of BCS Holding in Rizobacter increased to 80.00% of all outstanding stock of Rizobacter. In addition to its market leading position in biological products, Rizobacter offers fertilizers, professional seed treatment services and tolling or formulation services.

 

As a result of the business combination and the other transactions contemplated by the Exchange Agreement, as well as the Reorganization and exercise of the Rizobacter Call Option, Union became the holding company of BCS Holding, its subsidiaries and Bioceres Semillas. Upon the consummation of the business combination, Union changed its name to Bioceres Crop Solutions Corp, and our ordinary shares and public warrants started trading on the NYSE American.

 

The graph below sets forth our history and track record of innovation through joint ventures and acquisitions :

 

 


Note:

(1)               Bioceres exercised the Rizobacter Call Option for additional 29.99% of common stock of Rizobacter upon the consummation of the business combination.

 

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B.                  Business Overview

 

Our Operational and Organizational Structure

 

Bioceres is headquartered in Rosario, Argentina. Our main manufacturing and distribution facilities are located in Pergamino, Argentina. Our manufacturing facilities include an approximately 1.05-million-gallon formulation plant, an approximately 24,000-gallon fermentation plant as well as packaging and logistics operations with over 375,000 square feet of warehouse space. In June 2016, we inaugurated our new 250,000-square foot fertilizer facility as part of our joint venture with De Sangosse.

 

We test and conduct trial runs of our key technologies at our main field station located in Pergamino, Argentina, which also has processing capabilities for foundation seed. We also operate facilities in Brazil and Paraguay and have sales offices or representatives in nine countries. We believe that we will continue to grow our dominant position in Argentina and that our leadership position will continue to attract interest in partnerships from global industry leaders seeking to develop and commercialize high-value crop productivity solutions in the large and attractive Argentine and South American markets. As of September 30, 2018, we had 389 full-time employees.

 

Technology Sourcing

 

We have a right of first refusal agreement with INDEAR, our Parent’s technology sourcing and product development subsidiary, for any technology INDEAR develops or sources concerning crop productivity. Through such arrangement with INDEAR, we source and validate promising early stage technologies, which are usually financed through public grants and/or other capital efficient sources and thereby mitigate the associated high financial risks associated with such early stage discoveries.

 

Product Development Partnering

 

We focus on collaborating with strategic partners and creating joint ventures to develop validated technologies and to bring these products to market. We further reduce our financial burden and risk from product development activities while also increasing our ability to develop multiple products. The following joint ventures currently support this initiative:

 

·                        Verdeca, our U.S.-based joint venture, was created to develop and bring soybean varieties with next-generation agricultural technologies to market.

 

·                        Trigall Genetics, our Uruguay-based joint venture that focuses on developing and commercializing conventional and next-generation biotechnology wheat varieties for the South American market.

 

·                        Semya, an intra-company joint venture with Rizobacter, is dedicated to the EcoSeed initiative and focuses on researching and developing seed treatments as well as agricultural biological input applications for soybean, wheat and alfalfa markets.

 

Production and Market Access

 

We focus on leveraging our shareholder base of leading South American growers as well as proprietary sales channels for direct access to end consumers. By establishing multiple pathways to markets, we maximize our market reach and rate of technology adoption. We currently have over 300 products and licenses. The following subsidiaries support this initiative, certain of which match our investments on a dollar-for-dollar basis:

 

·                        Rizobacter, a global leader in biological products and Argentina’s leading provider of bio-based solutions for the agricultural sector with a strong focus on crop nutrition and protection solutions.

 

·                        Bioceres Semillas, our sales channel for seeds, with a primary crop focus on wheat and soybean.

 

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·                        Synertech, which was formed in partnership with De Sangosse with the goal of producing and commercializing micro-beaded fertilizers.

 

Joint Ventures and Key Collaborators

 

Some of our main projects are conducted through joint ventures and key collaborations. The form of the collaborations depends on the nature and stage of development of the particular product candidate. We participate in joint ventures to develop certain technologies and to maintain a diverse pipeline of products. When a joint venture successfully develops a product, we integrate such product into our commercial offering and license the technology to third-party channels through the joint-venture vehicle. We engage in non-joint venture collaborations to develop a single or otherwise limited product opportunity. We generate revenue from our non-joint venture collaborations primarily by licensing our technology for inclusion in end products, or for the use of our technologies in industrial processes. Finally, we have relationships with third parties who have product development capabilities or market presence outside of our core geographies or crops, to whom we license our technologies. For our corporate chart, see “—General Overview—Our Operational and Organizational Structure.”

 

Joint Ventures and Unconsolidated Entities

 

Verdeca LLC

 

In February 2012, we formed a joint venture with Arcadia Biosciences. The resulting joint venture, in which we have a 50% equity interest, Verdeca, is engaged in the development and deregulation of soybean traits.

 

Our joint venture agreement provides for each of the joint venture partners to license our trait technologies to Verdeca for use in soybeans. Accordingly, we have agreed to grant an exclusive, worldwide, sublicensable license to Verdeca for our technologies, including HB4, for use in soybeans. The first product in the Verdeca pipeline is our HB4 trait.

 

In April 2015, Verdeca entered into an agreement with Dow AgroSciences to develop and commercialize innovative traits in soybeans.

 

Trigall Genetics S.A.

 

In December 2013, we formed a joint venture in Uruguay with Florimond Desprez. The resulting joint venture, Trigall Genetics, in which we have a 50% equity interest, is engaged in the development and deregulation of conventional and GM wheat varieties in Latin America. The first products in the Trigall Genetics pipeline are conventional wheat varieties that will be sold through Bioceres Semillas, as well as through other Trigall Genetics licensees. Our first GM product is our HB4 trait, which is now in the advanced deregulation phase of development in Argentina and Uruguay and will be licensed in Trigall Genetics finished wheat varieties.

 

Synertech Industrias S.A.

 

Synertech, acquired as part of the Rizobacter Acquisition in 2016, was formed by Rizobacter in partnership with De Sangosse for production and commercialization of micro-beaded fertilizers. Rizobacter, together with De Sangosse, operates its own production plant for Synertech in Pergamino with a capacity to produce 50,000 tons of micro-beaded fertilizers annually.

 

Semya S.A.

 

Semya was formed in 2014 in partnership with Rizobacter to create, research and develop biological products or their metabolites for agricultural and industrial use.

 

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Non-Joint Venture Collaborations

 

We principally engage in strategic non-joint venture collaborations for product development or with academic entities and internationally recognized research institutions with whom we collaborate in pre-competitive technology sourcing and early-stage research. We pay a percentage of profits to our non-joint venture collaborators according to the stage of development of the technology. In earlier stages, during which our R&D costs are relatively low, we pay a comparatively higher percentage of profits, while in later stages of development, during which our costs are relatively high, we pay a comparatively lower percentage of profits. Our collaborations that focus on product development are primarily driven by our commercial interest in a particular product that we hope to research and develop on a preliminary basis before including in our pipeline of products. Examples of our most important collaborations of this nature include: Monsanto Company and Forage Genetics International for the deregulation of HarvXtra™ Alfalfa with Roundup Ready® Technology in Argentina; DBN Biotechnology Center of China for the development of crop protection technologies for soybean varieties; Eagle Seeds & Biotech Ltd. for breeding and field testing of conventional soybean varieties in India; and Sensako Pty Ltd. for field testing of soybean varieties in South Africa.

 

Rizobacter has a strategic alliance with Syngenta, one of the leading global companies in the research, development, production, marketing and sale of seed treatment products and solutions. Syngenta installed their Seed Care Institute in Rizobacter’s principal facility located in Pergamino for the research, development, production, marketing and sale of Syngenta’s seed treatment products and solutions in Argentina, including Maxim Integral, Maxim Evolution, Suren Plus, Rizopack® 420 Hc, Ekey Top, Funcion Pack and Cruiser Pack.

 

Rizobacter also engages in a strategic partnership with Momentive for the distribution and commercialization of Momentive’s well-known silicone spray adjuvant, Silwet, in Argentina, Bolivia, Uruguay, Mexico and Paraguay. Rizobacter additionally partners with Valent Biosciences, a global leader in developing, registering, manufacturing and commercializing biorational products in the areas of public health, forestry, crop protection, plant health, plant growth regulation and post-harvest treatments, focusing on the development, marketing and distribution of next generation inoculant technologies and products in the United States, Argentina, Canada, Mexico and Brazil.

 

Our collaborations that focus on technology sourcing are primarily driven by our ability to accelerate, in a capital-efficient manner, the development of promising technology discovered by internationally recognized scientific groups or institutions. Examples of our most important collaborations of this nature include: CONICET and the National University of the Litoral in the creation of seed traits with a focus on transcription factors for the development of drought-tolerant transgenic plants, including the grant to us of partial ownership of the HB4 patent families; Phytogene Pty Ltd., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Agriculture Victoria Services Pty Ltd., for the development of multiple gene leads in forages and other crops; and the University of Illinois in accessing herbicide tolerance technology for use in the fields of soybeans and alfalfa.

 

For non-joint venture collaborations, we pay a percentage of profits to our collaborators according to the stage of development of the technology. In earlier stages, when our R&D costs are relatively low, we pay a comparatively higher percentage of profits while in later stages of development, when our costs are relatively high, we pay a comparatively lower percentage of profits.

 

Third-Party Channels

 

We license our technologies to third parties with whom have product development capabilities or market presence outside of our core geographic area and with whom we have developed and maintained strong relationships. For example, through Verdeca, we entered into a series of agreements with GDM Seeds (Grupo Don Mario) for the licensing of our biotechnology related to soy and have granted various licenses to TMG for our biotechnology related to soy in Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay.

 

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Significant Transactions

 

Prior to the business combination, we have concluded the following three transactions of significance to our business model and trajectory:

 

Rizobacter Acquisition

 

On October 19, 2016, RASA Holding, our subsidiary incorporated in Delaware, acquired 20,004,000 shares of Rizobacter, an Argentine company located in Pergamino, Province of Buenos Aires, representing 50.01% of the outstanding capital stock (the “Rizobacter Acquisition”). The total purchase price was US$57.3 million, of which US$42 million was paid in cash on the date of acquisition and the remainder was agreed to be paid through financing and is guaranteed by Parent. In addition, a contingent payment of US$17.3 million may be payable by the Parent to certain of the selling shareholders of Rizobacter subject to precautionary measures and associated ongoing litigation. See “Item 8. Financial Information—A. Consolidated Statements and other Financial Information—Legal Proceedings—Contingent Fee Payment of US$17.3 Million Related to Precautionary Measure (Medidas Cautelares) in Connection with Rizobacter Acquisition.” The acquisition of Rizobacter was approved by the Argentine Antitrust Commission ( Comisión Nacional de Defensa de la Competencia or CNDC) on August 25, 2017.

 

Furthermore, on October 22, 2018, RASA Holdings, our wholly owned subsidiary, entered into the Rizobacter Call Option Agreement.  On March 14, 2019, we exercised the Rizobacter Call Option to acquire an additional 29.99% of the capital stock of Rizobacter.

 

With 42 years of history, Rizobacter, which we acquired in 2016, has developed a leading global position in biological products and a leading ag-input channel for high-value products in Argentina and neighboring countries. Prior to the Rizobacter Acquisition, we developed a partnership relationship with Rizobacter through jointly-owned Semya, a product development initiative focused on identifying customized seed treatments for our EcoSeed products. The Rizobacter Acquisition has allowed us to combine Rizobacter’s experience in microbials with our pre-existing pipeline of germplasm and trait assets and provides us a unique position on biological assets for key row crops, which represent one of the most difficult sets of assets to develop within the ag-input value chain, resulting in one of the highest-value segments within the sector. Additionally, Rizobacter’s 40-year commercial history in the ag-input market provides a unique platform that facilitates the launch of new products and the continued development of our pipeline of innovations.

 

Monsanto-Led Investment

 

In April 2016, our Parent entered into a convertible loan agreement with Monsanto (through Monsanto Argentina, S.R.L.) and BAF, as a financial investor, pursuant to which promissory notes were issued granting Monsanto and BAF participation rights to subscribe to a total nominal value of US$17.55 million of our Parent’s shares in a future qualified or non-qualified financing and received US$15 million net proceeds, after applying a 17% subscription discount. In March 2018, 2,218,710 ordinary shares of our Parent were issued to Monsanto and BAF, which terminated and released all of our debt obligations under the convertible loan agreement, as well as the related promissory notes and the related participation rights agreements.

 

Monsanto is a global leader in seed biotechnology and other crop productivity solutions. We believe that the Monsanto-led investment represents an endorsement of our products and an initial strategic validation of our pipeline and business model.

 

Our Business Model

 

Our business model is driven by three key pillars: technology sourcing, product development partnering and production and market access.

 

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Technology Sourcing

 

The technology sourcing stage of our business model involves identifying and collaborating with leading academic and independent research institutions at the early stages of technology development. We have a right of first refusal agreement with INDEAR, our Parent’s technology sourcing and product development subsidiary, for any technology INDEAR develops or sources concerning crop productivity. INDEAR searches for collaborators who are pursuing innovative technological concepts that are consistent with our business strategy and have generated promising preliminary evidence, but have yet to be validated for their intended purposes. In these collaborations, INDEAR employs its advanced biotechnology capabilities and specialized know-how to leverage the technology discovery process already undertaken. These technology sourcing activities are mainly financed through public grants and other capital efficient sources meant to limit financial exposure.

 

Product Development Partnering

 

The product development partnering stage of our business model involves identifying and collaborating with strategic partners and creating joint ventures to develop and bring products to market. We have created an extensive network of regional and international relationships in the agricultural sector from which we source partners for our product development initiatives. We employ an open-architecture approach to technology origination which involves identifying and accessing promising technologies from third parties, and forming strategic and capital-efficient partnerships that leverage each party’s capabilities to quickly bring innovations to market. By co-funding projects and leveraging the discovery efforts of leading global research institutions and scientists with whom we have developed and maintained strong relationships, we are able to reduce the risks and expenses associated with biotechnology discovery and development and increase our ability to develop multiple products. Upon technology validation, we partner with internationally-recognized entities that can provide co-funding, technology sourcing, intellectual property and market access for the development of our technologies into products. For more detail about the “proof of concept phase,” see “—The Technology Sourcing and Product Development Timeline and Process.” In selecting a partner, we look for internationally-recognized entities that can provide complementary funding, technology, sourcing, product development capabilities, intellectual property and market access.

 

Production and Market Access

 

The production and market access stage of our business model focuses on leveraging shareholder base and proprietary sales channels to access and establish multiple pathways to markets and maximize market reach and develop innovative technology. Once a technology obtains the required regulatory approvals, we, our joint ventures or our technology licensees commercialize products that employ such technology and sell them to end-users in domestic and international markets through shareholder base and proprietary sales channels. We also complement our direct sales efforts by licensing our technologies to other companies for inclusion in their products or production systems. This complementary approach seeks to widen the presence of our technologies in the market and increase our revenues.

 

The Technology Sourcing and Product Development Timeline and Process

 

The technology sourcing and product development process for our products and technology, provided through INDEAR, generally include the following phases: discovery, proof of concept, early development, advances development, pre-launch and product launch.

 

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Below is a description of the relative cost, risk and approximate expected timing for each of the phases of technology sourcing and product development.

 

 

The development and integration of technologies into products that can be commercialized is a lengthy process, which varies depending on the complexity of the technology being developed and the type of crop involved. Furthermore, the length of the technology development process impacts the uncertainty of product development. For example, during the technology sourcing and product development process, a technology may fail to address the performance criteria required in order to advance to later development stages or the development of a certain technology may be affected by changes in the competitive landscape.

 

The below chart sets forth an annual estimated timeline for the development of our seed biotechnology products based on the phases described above:

 

 

The estimated timeframes of phase duration are based on our experience and estimates. The phases may overlap during the product development cycle and the total development time for a particular product may be longer or shorter than the duration presented above depending on a range of factors including the type of crop and trait involved and the resources available or devoted to our development. For example, although the process for developing seed traits or biological seed treatments is relatively similar, the two differ significantly in terms of development timelines. Obtaining regulatory approval for GM seeds is a far more comprehensive and lengthy process than for a biological seed treatment.

 

Discovery

 

The first phase in the technology development process is discovery, or the identification of candidate genes or genetic systems, metabolites, or microorganisms, potentially capable of enhancing specified plant

 

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characteristics or enabling an agro-industrial biotech solution. For the most part, we rely on collaborators such as leading research institutions or private research groups to perform this early-stage discovery work and we then advance the work through our technological platforms and processes. It is at the discovery phase that we generally negotiate our rights with respect to the intellectual property generated by our third-party collaborators, which can include partial ownership and exclusive licenses for commercial development. The discovery phase typically lasts 18 months, although it may range from as few as six months for microbial solutions to as many as 36 months for plant GM traits. During this phase, we use several technologies including the following:

 

Seeds

 

Activities

Genetically modified:

 

·                   DNA and RNA high throughput sequencing

 

 

 

 

 

·                  Synthetic biology, including gene optimization and modeling

 

 

 

 

 

·                   Analysis of large volumes of data from Illumina sequencer platforms based on big data principles, or Bioinformatics

 

 

 

Non-Genetically modified:

 

·                   DNA and RNA high throughput sequencing

 

 

 

 

 

·                   Synthetic biology, including gene optimization and modeling

 

 

 

 

 

·                   Bioinformatics

 

 

 

 

 

·                   Target Induced Local Lesions in Genome, or TILLING, for creating a large phenotype library to see trends for ideal mutagenic lines

 

 

 

Biologicals:

 

·                   DNA and RNA high throughput sequencing

 

 

 

 

 

·                   De-novo genome assembly

 

 

 

 

 

·                   Bioinformatics

 

Proof of Concept (Phase I)

 

Upon successful validation of the technologies in model systems ( in vitro or in vivo ), promising technologies graduate from discovery and are advanced to a phase referred to as “proof of concept.” In this phase, the technologies are integrated into, or tested in, target organisms to verify their efficacies using greenhouse trials, field trials, or both. In the case of solutions that require microbial fermentation, these technologies are validated at laboratory scale of between one to five liters of batch production.

 

The goal of the proof of concept phase is to validate a technology within the targeted organism before moving forward with technology escalation activities or extensive field validation, which minimizes risk of investment in technologies that may not prove viable. The proof of concept phase is typically conducted by us as part of our research collaboration with relevant groups and represents the last phase of our technology sourcing collaborations. We generally file for intellectual property protection at this stage. See “—Intellectual Property.” In our experience, the proof of concept phase typically lasts 36 months, although it may range from as few as six months for a microbial solution to as many as five years for plant GM traits. During this phase, several promising technologies are tested using various technologies including the following:

 

Seeds

 

Activities

Genetically modified:

 

·                   DNA and RNA high throughput sequencing

 

 

 

 

 

·                   Synthetic biology, including gene optimization and modeling

 

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Seeds

 

Activities

 

 

·                   Bioinformatics

 

 

 

 

 

·                   Target Induced Local Lesions in Genome, or TILLING, for creating a large phenotype library to see trends for ideal mutagenic lines

 

 

 

Biologicals:

 

·                   Agrobacterium transformation

 

 

 

 

 

·                   Biobalistic transformation

 

 

 

 

 

·                   Target site transformation which uses the ExZactTM platform, developed through our partnership with Dow AgroSciences

 

 

 

Non-Genetically modified:

 

·                   Agrobacterium transformation

 

 

 

 

 

·                   Biobalistic transformation

 

 

 

 

 

·                   Cluster regular interface short palindromic repeat for gene editing

 

 

 

 

 

·                   Double haploids

 

 

 

 

 

·                   Protoplast editing

 

 

 

Biologicals:

 

·                   Gas and liquid chromatography for metabolites identification

 

 

 

 

 

·                   High performance liquid chromatography technologies

 

 

 

 

 

·                   Lab scale fermentations

 

Early Development (Phase II)

 

The goal of the early development phase is to identify the best use of a technology and to define our performance concept. Escalation tests are initiated in the early development phase of microbial-based solutions. Similarly, for GM traits, field tests are expanded to evaluate various permutations of a technology in multiple geographies and growing cycles.

 

At the end of the early development phase and before initiating the most capital-intensive stages of product development, we typically identify strategic partners for further development of our technologies. For collaborations involving multiple technologies within a pipeline, we often create new entities or joint ventures with our strategic partners. Examples of such joint ventures are Verdeca and Trigall Genetics, dedicated to soybean and wheat technologies, respectively. Single or limited product development collaborations are often structured using framework agreements. During this phase, we use several technologies including the following:

 

Seeds

 

Activities

Genetically modified:

 

·                   Drone phenotyping

 

 

 

 

 

·                   Technologies to accelerate trait integration in crops by analyzing large volumes of data based on bioinformatics and big data analytics using Illumina sequencing platforms and different amplifications and detection procedures, such as simple sequence repeat markers for wheat and genotyping by sequencing in soy

 

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Seeds

 

Activities

Non-Genetically modified:

 

·                   Drone phenotyping

 

 

 

 

 

·                   Single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping

 

 

 

 

 

·                   High resolution melting genotyping

 

Advanced Development (Phase III)

 

In the advanced development phase, extensive tests are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the technology for our intended purpose. In the case of GM traits, the process of obtaining regulatory approvals from government authorities is also initiated during this phase, and tests are performed to evaluate the potential environmental impact of modified plants. For solutions involving microbial fermentation, industrial-scale runs are conducted. In Argentina and some other countries in South America, we are primarily responsible for undertaking this phase of product development. Similarly, our strategic partners usually lead the advanced development and regulation activities in other markets in connection with the applicable contractual arrangements.

 

The advanced development phase typically lasts about 24 months, with some projects requiring substantial regulatory data taking as many as three to five years. During this phase, we use several technologies including the following:

 

Seeds

 

Activities

Genetically modified:

 

·                   Diverse array technology for chromosome identification and trait localizations

 

 

 

 

 

·                   Event molecular characterization based on high throughput sequencing and using junction sequence analysis after analyzing large sets of data to find insertion sites

 

Pre-Launch (Phase IV)

 

The pre-launch phase involves finalizing the regulatory approval process and preparing for the launch and commercialization of the technology being developed. The range of activities in this phase includes, pre-commercial production, seed increases and product and solution testing with selected customers. Usually, a more detailed marketing strategy and preparation of marketing materials occur during this phase. In Argentina and some other countries, we are responsible for this phase of product development, while pre-launch activities in other markets are primarily undertaken by our strategic partners. The pre-launch phase may last up to 24 months.

 

Product Launch

 

In general, we, our joint ventures and/or our technology licensees carry out the launch and commercialization of the technology, which is the last phase of the technology sourcing and product development process. When we commercialize technology through collaboration partners or licensees, pursuant to the respective agreements, a successful product launch triggers royalty payments, which are generally calculated as a percentage of the net sales generated by the technology and captured upon commercialization. Typically, in this phase, revenues at launch are limited by our ability to make products available, especially when dealing with seed products that need multiple seasons of multiplication before they can satisfy demand.

 

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Our Segments and Key Products

 

We divide our business into the following three principal segments: crop protection, seed and integrated products and crop nutrition.

 

Crop Protection

 

Our key crop protection products include adjuvants as well as seed-applied insecticides and fungicides.

 

Adjuvants

 

Adjuvants are used in tank mixes to facilitate application and effectiveness of crop protection products. We distribute Silwet, a well-known silicone-based adjuvant, and are currently developing microbially-enhanced adjuvants in partnership with other companies.

 

Insecticides and Fungicides

 

We offer a full range of chemical seed treatments tailored for specific crop and pest combinations. We are in the process of formulating and commercializing stand-alone chemical seed treatments, including fungicides and insecticides, in partnership with Syngenta, to reduce disease and pest pressure during crop establishment. We hold a leading market position for such products, with an estimated 50% market share in Argentina in 2016 and 2017. Furthermore, we are pursuing commercialization of biological fungicides formulated as seed treatments that control and restrict the growth of pathogenic agents in wheat and barley, as well as developing a microbial-based insecticide.

 

Seed and Integrated Products

 

The key products of this segment include seed traits, germplasms and seed treatments for healthier and higher yielding crops.

 

Seed Traits

 

Our seed trait effort is primarily focused on improving plant yields by increasing plant tolerance to abiotic stress, such as drought or salinity. We also have a secondary focus on crop protection and quality traits. We gain access to these technologies by collaborating with the original developers of the technologies or by co-developing new events with our partners. Our most advanced technology in the seed trait area, HB4 helps increase yield by an average of 13% to 19% for multiple crops under various growing seasons and conditions, including sporadic drought episodes. HB4 is also able to provide higher yield without adversely impacting yields in optimal growing conditions, which is a distinctive and important factor compared to other stress tolerance technologies. HB4 has been approved for use in soybean in Argentina and by the U.S. FDA. Submissions for approval for use of HB4 in wheat have been initiated in Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay and Paraguay.

 

The charts below show the results of field trials for HB4 wheat and HB4 soybean across varying yield environments.

 

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We also have a secondary focus on crop protection and quality traits. We gain access to these technologies by collaborating with the original developers of the technologies or by co-developing new events with our partners.

 

Germplasms

 

We currently breed germplasms for soybean and wheat and we plan to advance our elite germplasms by delivering these technologies using proprietary channels. Our soybean breeding program produces varieties that are registered or are in the process of being registered in Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay, and South Africa. Our wheat breeding program is operated through our joint venture, Trigall Genetics, which has exclusive rights to the breeding program of Florimond Desprez. In addition, we hold exclusive rights to all wheat varieties developed between 2003 and 2013 by the Argentine national breeding program at the Argentine National Agricultural Technological Institute ( Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria ) (“INTA”).

 

Seed Treatments

 

Seed treatments comprise one of our core products and include Rizopacks, produced and commercialized by our subsidiary Rizobacter in partnership with Syngenta Seedcare, which are our flagship soybean product with proprietary inoculants and fungicides. We also offer certain variations customized for peanut, beans and chickpea. In addition, we are pursuing the development of next-generation biologicals, particularly for seed treatments tailored for specific germplasms, seed traits and environment combinations.

 

Crop Nutrition

 

Our main crop nutrition products include inoculants, biofertilizers and chemical-based fertilizers.

 

Inoculants

 

Inoculants are broadly used nitrogen-fixing bacteria that promote growth of leguminous crops such as soybean and alfalfa. We hold a leadership position in sales of soybean inoculants, with approximately 30% market share in Argentina as of June 30, 2018 based on our internal data. We are currently developing our next generation of inoculants, including Bioinductor 2.0 and Extended-Shelf-Life products for professional seed treatment businesses. Additionally, we are developing new biofertilizers, such as plant-growth promoting rizobacteria, for wheat, corn, chickpea and pea.

 

Biofertilizers

 

Biofertilizers contain living microorganisms that colonize the interior of a plant and promote growth by increasing supply or availability of primary nutrients through the natural processes of nitrogen fixation, solubilizing phosphorus and stimulating plant growth through synthesis of growth-promoting substances. The combination of biologicals and chemical fertilizers can maximize crop yields while reducing environmental

 

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impact as a result of reduced use of chemicals. We are also in early stages of development for microbially-enhanced fertilizers for soybean, wheat, corn and chickpeas.

 

Chemical-Based Micro-Granulated Fertilizers

 

We produce and commercialize fertilizers based on chemically formulated micro-beads. As these fertilizers can be applied next to the seed at planting, lower doses are needed than standard fertilizers, resulting in logistical efficiency and environmental benefits. Currently, our production is focused on Microstar PZ, a starter fertilizer that provides nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur and zinc to different crops, by allowing immediate nutrient availability and uptake by the seedlings.

 

The following table sets forth the key products, growth drivers, revenue and gross profit, key markets and selected commercial partners for each of our segments:

 

 

 

Key Products

 

Growth Drivers

 

Revenue and 
Gross Margin 
(Year Ended 
June 30, 2018)

 

Key Markets

 

Selected 
Commercial 
Partners

Crop Protection

 

Adjuvants
Insecticides
Fungicides

 

High-tech adjuvants increase spray efficacy by approximately 5%

 

US$77.7 million
36% Gross Margin

 

Argentina
Brazil
Paraguay

 

Momentive
Syngenta

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Seed & Integrated Product

 

BioWheat
BioSoy
Seed treatment packs

 

Integrated products bring 10%+ yield advantage

 

US$26.8 million
50% Gross Margin

 

Argentina
Brazil
Paraguay
Uruguay

 

Don Mario
Dow Agrosciences
Syngenta
TMG

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Crop Nutrition

 

Micro-bead fertilizers
Inoculants

 

80%+ reduction in logistics costs

 

US$29.1 million
51% Gross Margin

 

Argentina
Brazil
Paraguay

 

De Sangosse
Syngenta
Valent BioSciences

 


Note:—

(1)               Gross margin is calculated as total revenue minus cost of sales, divided by total revenue.

 

Early Stage Technology Development Agreements

 

Between 2005 and 2007, we entered into agreements with various investors in order to obtain funding in the aggregate amount of US$1.0 million for research related to early stage technology for the development of technology relating to a specific gene from sunflower intended to promote drought tolerance in crops, which was refer to as Hahb 4. The agreements grant the investors in the aggregate the right to receive 52.8% of the rights and royalties payable to Parent from the successful commercialization of the resulting technology with respect to soybean, wheat and corn.

 

Sales and Marketing

 

Our business model is based on a multi-channel sales structure of (1) direct sales to distributors and end-users via our proprietary sales channels, and (2) non-exclusive licensing of commercial technology to third parties directly or via our joint ventures for incorporation into non-proprietary products.

 

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Rizobacter

 

Rizobacter commercializes crop nutrition and crop protection products. With more than 620 distributors across Argentina, Rizobacter is positioned as the local leader for certain products, such as soybean inoculants, seed treatments, adjuvants, and pest baits where it accounts for 26%, 27%, 27% and 50% of the local market, respectively. Additionally, Rizobacter has more than 20 international distributors, increasing our market reach to Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay.

 

As of June 30, 2018, sales through the local channel accounted for 80% of our total sales whereas sales through the international channel accounted for 20% of our total sales. In addition to the distribution network sales, Rizobacter directly caters to other businesses, particularly large end-users. Large end-users include growers who have operations of over 10,000 hectares or seed companies that use Rizobacter products in professional seed treatments or for other needs. As of June 30, 2018, sales made directly to companies accounted for 13% of our total sales and sales made directly to large end-users accounted for 14% of our total sales.

 

Our distribution network is composed of four main warehouses located in Pergamino, Necochea, Paraná and Rio IV. The map below sets forth Rizobacter’s distribution network in Argentina.

 

 

Bioceres Semillas

 

Bioceres Semillas is our proprietary commercial channel for seeds and integrated seed products including leading wheat and soybean varieties, selling to a number of distributors and end-users under the Bioceres Semillas brand. Since 2017, Bioceres Semillas has been operated by Rizobacter. This proprietary channel also serves as a competitive driver for third-party non-exclusive licensees of our technology to seek a rapid path to market.

 

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Synertech Industrias

 

Synertech is exclusively focused on the commercialization of micro-beaded fertilizers within the crop productivity segment to major regional distributors, including the distribution networks of both partners (Rizobacter and De Sangosse), taking advantage of both partners’ extensive distribution capabilities. Synertech targets different geographies, at a global level, for product commercialization, including but not limited to major Latin American markets.

 

Third-Party Channels

 

We also rely on third-party channels for the commercialization of our proprietary technology and licenses, either directly or through our joint venture companies, to participants in the biotech seed and agro-industrial market. We license such technology to our joint venture partners and large companies active in the biotechnology and agro-industrial space, in each case for incorporation into non-proprietary products and subsequent sale to end-customers. Subsequent sales of any products incorporating our technology generate royalty income.

 

Third-party channels for commercialization and development of new soybean varieties in Argentina and Brazil include TMG and GDM seeds.

 

Customers and Contracts

 

Below is a description of our principal customers and contracts across our main segments.

 

Seed and Integrated Products

 

In the twelve-month period ended June 30, 2018, we sold our seed and integrated products to customers in Argentina and Uruguay. Our top five customers in our seed and integrated products segment represented 22% of our total revenue in this segment for the twelve-month period ended June 30, 2018. Sales to our grower-shareholders accounted for 5% of our total revenue in our seed and integrated products segment for the twelve-month period ended June 30, 2018. We currently generate revenues in our seed and integrated products segment through the sale of seed treatments, seed packs and seeds products to distributors and end-users. In the future, we intend to sell our seed and integrated products directly to our customers or to third parties as licensors of seed traits, germplasm and/or seed treatments for incorporation into non-proprietary products. Licensing arrangements for use of our HB4 technology provide for pre-commercial payments including, depending on the particular agreement, a technology access fee, milestone fees, and/or annual fees, as well as future commercial royalties based on the income generated by the technology. We expect that the commercialization of EcoSeed products containing our HB4 technology combined with the expected licensing arrangements for use of our HB4 technology in non-proprietary products will expand our seed and integrated products segment.

 

Crop Protection

 

In the twelve-month period ended June 30, 2018, sales from our crop protection segment were made to customers in Argentina, South Africa, Brazil, Paraguay, Bolivia and Uruguay. Our top five customers in our crop protection segment represented 17% of our total revenue in this segment for the twelve-month period ended June 30, 2018. Sales to our grower-shareholders accounted for 3% of our revenue in our crop protection segment for the twelve-month period ended June 30, 2018.

 

Crop Nutrition

 

In the twelve-month period ended June 30, 2018, sales from our crop nutrition segment were made in Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay, Paraguay and other international markets. Our top five customers in our crop nutrition segment represented 27% of our total revenue in this segment for the twelve-month period ended June 30, 2018. Sales to our grower-shareholders accounted for 1% of our revenue in our crop nutrition segment for the twelve-month period ended June 30, 2018.

 

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Market Opportunity

 

The information regarding market opportunity for EcoSoy and EcoWheat is not fact and should not be relied upon as being indicative of future results. Readers of this report are cautioned not to place undue reliance on the potential market opportunities. No independent third party has compiled, examined, or performed any procedures with respect to the potential market opportunities related to EcoSoy and/or EcoWheat, nor has any third party expressed any opinion or any other form of assurance on such information or its achievability, and no independent third party has assumed responsibility for, or claimed any association with, the potential market opportunities. Inclusion of the potential market opportunities in this report should not be regarded as a representation by any person that the results contained in the potential market opportunities will be achieved. We do not intend to update or otherwise revise the potential market opportunities to reflect circumstances existing since their preparation or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events, even in the event that any or all of the underlying assumptions are shown to be in error. Furthermore, we do not intend to update or revise the potential market opportunities to reflect changes in general economic, industry or technological conditions. Additional information relating to the principal assumptions used in preparing the potential market opportunities is set forth below. See “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Business—Certain estimates of market opportunity included in this report are based on assumptions that are inherently uncertain and subject to risks and uncertainties that could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition,” for a discussion of various factors that could materially affect our financial condition, results of operations, business, prospects and securities.

 

Given the near-term commercialization opportunity that HB4 and other seed technologies represent, we plan to integrate these solutions into customized seed products in the markets in which we currently operate. Our EcoSeed products, including EcoSoy and EcoWheat, integrate the uniqueness of HB4 stress tolerance into locally-adapted germplasms, customized with a seed treatment solution prescribed for specific environments. We believe that the value proposition represented by these products will drive significant growth in this sector of our business.

 

EcoSoy Market Opportunity

 

We have analyzed the EcoSoy market opportunity in Argentina and Brazil and, based on the assumptions below, we believe there is an estimated combined target area for EcoSoy of 21.5 million hectares in the two countries. For illustrative purposes, assuming that 60 kilograms of seeds (one and a half 40-kilogram bags) are needed to plant each hectare of soybeans, then our target market opportunity would be an estimated 32.3 million bags of seed that will be needed to plant 21.5 million hectares. The assumptions and estimates underlying the target market opportunities are inherently uncertain and, though considered reasonable by our management as of the date of its preparation, are subject to a wide variety of significant business, economic, and competitive risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in the target market opportunity, including, among others, risks and uncertainties. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the target market opportunity is indicative of our future performance.

 

We have relied on the below assumptions in estimating the above estimated target area and, number of bags of EcoSoy treated seeds.

 

We have assumed the estimated target area for EcoSoy of 21.5 million hectares based on the following:

 

·                        An assumed total soy production area of 53.1 million hectares, 19.4 million hectares in Argentina and 33.7 million hectares in Brazil.

 

·                        We obtained the official soy production and average yield data of each county in Argentina and Brazil published by the Ministry of Agroindustry of Argentina between 2011 and 2016 and the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics between 2004 and 2013, respectively, including the average yield and total production area data. The figure below shows heat maps for soybean producing counties of Argentina and Brazil:

 

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Sources: Ministry of Agroindustry of Argentina and Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE).

 

We used the average yield data of each county to obtain an expected yield benefit for each county. We then used the average soybean price for the ten-year period ending in 2016 to transform the expected average yield benefit of each county into an expected average dollar value creation, or Expected Benefit. For example, if EcoSoy had a premium of US$15 per hectare when compared to a conventional soybean seed, then in counties where the Expected Benefit is less than US$60 per hectare we would consider adoption as unlikely. Likewise, we would consider counties where the benefit is equal or greater than US$60 per hectare to be within the EcoSoy target area. We assume a US$15 premium for EcoSoy based on pricing analysis suggesting revenues would be maximized if the premium were set at US$15. Aggregating the average production areas of all counties in Argentina and Brazil with an Expected Benefit equal or greater than US$60 per hectare gives an estimated target area for EcoSoy or 21.5 million hectares. The figure below illustrates the forgoing example.

 

 

·                        To estimate the expected yield benefit of EcoSoy varieties we used our field trial data set comparing the performance of HB4 soy with a similar non-HB4 variety in multiple environments and seasons. This data set allows us to perform a regression analysis between two series: (i) average yield of the non-HB4 variety (i.e., the wild type), and (ii) the expected yield benefit obtained in the HB4 variety (P<0.05). Using this regression equation, we are able to estimate an expected yield benefit in environments with different average yield levels for non-HB4 materials.

 

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·                        We used the average soybean price between 2007 and 2016 of US$424 per ton or US$11.7 per bushel, according to the International Monetary Fund, to estimate expected average yield benefit of the HB4 soybean variety in U.S. dollar terms.

 

Currently, we price our conventional soybean at US$22 per bag.

 

EcoWheat Market Opportunity

 

We have analyzed the EcoWheat market opportunity in Argentina and, based on the assumptions below, we believe there is an estimated combined target market opportunity for EcoWheat of 3.6 million hectares, five to seven years after launch, if the wheat growing areas of Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and Bolivia are subject to the same analysis and assumptions below. For illustrative purposes, assuming that 100 kilograms of seeds (two and a half 40-kilogram bags) are needed to plant one hectare of wheat, then an estimated 9 million bags will be needed to plant 3.6 million hectares.

 

We have relied on the below assumptions in estimating the above estimated target area and potential revenue opportunities. The assumptions and estimates underlying the target market opportunities are inherently uncertain and, though considered reasonable by our management as of the date of its preparation, are subject to a wide variety of significant business, economic, and competitive risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in the target market opportunity, including, among others, risks and uncertainties. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the target market opportunity is indicative of our future performance.

 

We have assumed the estimated target area for EcoWheat of 3.6 million hectares based on the following:

 

·                        An assumed total wheat production area of 8.2 million hectares.

 

·                        We obtained the official wheat production statistics of each county in Argentina published by the Ministry of Agroindustry of Argentina between 2011 and 2016, including the average yield and total production area data. The figure below shows heat maps for wheat producing counties of Argentina:

 

 


Source: Ministry of Agroindustry of Argentina.

 

·                        We used the average yield data of each county to obtain an expected yield benefit for each county. We then used the average wheat price for the ten-year period ending in 2016 to obtain the Expected Benefit. For example, if EcoWheat had a premium of US$20 per hectare when compared to a conventional wheat seed, then in counties where the Expected Benefit is less than US$80 per hectare we would consider adoption as unlikely. Likewise, we would consider counties where the benefit is

 

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equal or greater than US$80 per hectare to be within the EcoWheat target area. Aggregating the average production areas of all counties in Argentina with an Expected Benefit equal or greater than US$80 per hectare gives an estimated target area for EcoWheat of 2.2 million hectares. The wheat growing areas of Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and Bolivia together account for an additional 3.0 million hectares. Assuming similar value creation values and adoption percentages to the ones calculated for Argentina, we estimate a target area of 1.4 million hectares in these additional geographies. Therefore, the combined EcoWheat target area is estimated in 3.6 million hectares. The figure below illustrates the forgoing example:

 

 

·                        Publicly available wheat production data for Brazil (2.1 million hectares), Paraguay (0.6 million hectares), Uruguay (0.2 million hectares) and Bolivia (0.1 million hectares) from Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA.

 

·                        To estimate the expected yield benefit of EcoWheat varieties we used our field trial data set comparing the performance of HB4 wheat with a similar non-HB4 variety in multiple environments and seasons. This data set allows us to perform a regression analysis between two series: (i) average yield of the non-HB4 variety (i.e., the wild type), and (ii) the expected yield benefit obtained in the HB4 variety (P<0.1). Using this regression equation, we are able to estimate an expected yield benefit in environments with different average yield levels for non-HB4 materials.

 

·                        We used average wheat price between 2007 and 2016 of US$229 per ton or US$6.4 per bushel, according to the International Monetary Fund, to estimate expected average yield benefit of the HB4 wheat variety in U.S. dollar terms.

 

Currently, we price our conventional wheat seed at an average price of US$20 per bag.

 

Competition

 

The market for agricultural biotechnology products is characterized by intense commercial and technological change and we face significant direct and indirect competition in each of our business segments. The crop productivity sector is highly competitive and includes large companies, such as Monsanto Company, Bayer, DuPont Pioneer, Dow Agrosciences, Novozymes, and Syngenta AG, as well as other smaller companies. In order to provide customers with the most advanced products, companies in the crop productivity sector must continuously invest substantial resources in the development of seeds, seed traits and agronomic methods and products. Large companies that have access to a broad range of germplasm as a platform for trait

 

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commercialization have a key competitive advantage in this sector. Despite Rizobacter’s leading position in the local inoculant sector, it is a highly competitive market. In 2011, Novozymes acquisition of Nitragin positioned it as the second largest player in the sector, representing a 15% market share according to internal projections. Similarly, Bayer’s acquisition of Biagro in 2014 positioned it as the fourth largest player in the sector, representing a 7% market share according to internal projections. Other important competitors include Nova and Becker Underwood, each of which represents a 11% or less market share according to internal projections.

 

Competition in the seed and integrated products sector extends to each of the components that we provide for our integrated products. We face competition for our seed traits from other companies, such as Evogene Ltd., that engage in R&D and license technology to customers. We also face competition for our proprietary germplasm from other seed producers who produce their own germplasm, such as Don Mario.

 

We believe that the key competitive drivers in the crop productivity industry are proven performance, customer support and value of the product, which encompasses the price of the seed as well as pre- and post-sale support to secure overall customer satisfaction. We believe that our long track record as a technology provider as established through the Rizobacter group of brands, our strong personal relationships with growers in Argentina, and our reputation for using advanced science and technology in the development of innovative products provide us with a strategic advantage in the markets in which we participate. As a result of the integrated and specialized products and services we offer, our principal competitors are, in many instances, some of our third-party collaborators, joint venture partners and clients. We believe that in order to stay competitive and maintain our leadership position we must continue to offer access to market-ready platforms to our third-party collaborators, joint venture partners and clients in order to achieve their R&D goals.

 

Intellectual Property

 

Our success depends in large part on our ability to obtain and maintain intellectual property and proprietary protection of our products and technology related to our business, defend and enforce our intellectual property rights (in particular our patent rights, plant variety, trademarks and trade secrets), preserve the confidentiality of our intellectual property and operate without infringing valid and enforceable intellectual property rights of others.

 

We seek to protect our proprietary products, technology and trade secrets, in part, by entering into confidential disclosure agreements with our employees, consultants and potential and actual third-party collaborators. By protecting our proprietary technologies, we are able to offer our customers and partners unique products that they cannot obtain from our competitors and to limit our competitors from using technologies that we have developed or exclusively licensed from other parties.

 

Individual patent terms extend for varying periods of time, depending upon the date of filing of the patent application, the date of patent issuance, and the legal term of patents in the countries in which they are obtained. Our licensed patents for the HB4 family expire in 2033, for the Coxc5-1 family in 2025 and for the HB10 family in 2026. We are the exclusive licensees and non-exclusive licensees of the following patents: rGRF3 technology patents which expire in 2033; NUE technology patents which expire in 2026; WUE technology patents which expire in 2030; TREF technology patents which expire in 2028; herbicide resistant patents which expire in 2028; LXR®, a delayed senescence technology, which expires in 2028; HarvXtra™ Alfalfa with Roundup Ready® Technology, a reduced lignin technology, which expires in 2032, Intacta RR2 PRO technology which expires in 2032; and ZFP® technology which expires in 2033.

 

In 2003, we entered into an Hahb 4 research and development agreement with CONICET and the National University of the Litoral under which they became equal owners of the patents derived from their research activity regarding the Hahb 4 gene, which we refer to as the 2003 Hahb 4 patents. Under this agreement, that was subsequently amended in 2010, we financed the Hahb 4 research activities performed by CONICET and the National University of the Litoral in exchange for an exclusive license to commercially exploit their rights in the 2003 Hahb 4 patents. Other than the commercialization of a promoter element used in connection with our HB4 modified gene trait, we do not expect to commercialize the Hahb 4 technology or 2003 Hahb 4 patents. The Hahb 4 promoter element can be used to initiate expression of the modified HB4 gene.

 

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In 2012, we entered into a separate agreement with CONICET and the National University of the Litoral for the ownership and licensing rights of additional patents for development of our modified HB4 gene trait, which we refer to as the 2012 HB4 patents. Pursuant to this agreement, we own 40% of the 2012 HB4 patents, and CONICET and the National University of the Litoral each own 30%. In addition, CONICET and the National University of the Litoral granted us an exclusive license to commercially exploit their respective rights in the 2012 HB4 patents. The license related to additional patents under the 2012 agreement will remain in force until the expiration of the last 2012 HB4 patent in 2033, unless terminated earlier in accordance with the terms of the agreement.

 

Our patents or patent applications generally relate to compositions of matter for DNA and protein sequences, plants, plant parts and enzymes, and methods of improving plants and bacteria. We continue to file new patent applications and the main countries in which we seek patent protection are in the United States, Brazil, Argentina, Australia, India, China, Mexico and certain other countries in South America and Europe.

 

As of the date of this report, we, in our capacity as either title holder or licensee (either as exclusive or non-exclusive licensee), have 210 patents and patent applications concerning technologies such as improved yield, drought tolerance, increased performance in high saline environments, NUE and WUE technologies and herbicide resistance. Certain of these technologies are currently protected through our own or exclusively licensed approximately 25 patents and 17 patent applications. We have also licensed 168 patents and patent applications linked to seed traits such as NUE and WUE technologies, herbicide resistance, Intacta technology and ZFP® technology for use in our products. In some instances, our licenses are limited in terms of duration, geography and/or field of use.

 

The discovery phase of our R&D process is based largely on collaborations with governmental agencies and scientific institutions, such as CONICET, the University of Illinois, the National University of the Litoral and various research universities throughout the world. See “—The Technology Sourcing and Product Development Timeline and Process.” After we determine that we have discovered a new trait, trait composition, industrial enzyme, or a production methodology, we file a PCT patent application under the PCT. The PCT application allows an applicant to file one single application to seek protection for an invention in 152 countries throughout the world.

 

Within 18 months of the PCT filing, we file national applications in the countries in which we would like to seek protection. The main PCT countries in which we file in addition to the United States include Brazil, Australia, India, China, Mexico and certain other countries in South America and Europe. For non-PCT countries such as Argentina, Uruguay and Paraguay, a national filing is made at the same time as the PCT filing or 12 months after the PCT filing.

 

We seek additional protection of our seed and germplasm intellectual property through PVP certificates, which preserve a variety owner’s exclusive rights to sell, reproduce, import, and export a plant variety and our seed. The duration of PVP protection varies among jurisdictions and is 20 years from the time of issue in the United States and 20 and 15 years from the time of issue in Argentina and Brazil, respectively. As of the date of this report, we do not have PVP certificates in the United States. In addition, in Argentina, we have received, as owner and/or as licensee, registrations with the RNC and/or the Registro Nacional de Propiedad de Cultivares for 27 wheat varieties, 18 soybean varieties, five alfalfa varieties, four corn varieties and two sunflower varieties, all of which are authorized for our marketing in Argentina. We are currently seeking registration with the RNC and the Registro Nacional de Propiedad de Cultivares for 13 soybean varieties, two wheat varieties, two amaranth varieties and 17 alfalfa varieties. We have also received the registration for seven soybean varieties and one wheat variety in Uruguay and one soybean variety in South Africa. We are currently seeking registration for four additional wheat varieties in Uruguay.

 

We seek to protect our non-patent intellectual property such as know-how and regulatory data through contracts and confidentiality agreements. Know-how generated by the activities of our companies is protected by specific services agreements or employment agreements. Employment agreements include undertakings regarding confidentiality and assignment of inventions and discoveries. Our regulatory data is protected by standard confidentiality and data protection mechanisms. We have 42 trademarks and 18 trademark applications

 

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in Argentina, Brazil, the United States and Uruguay, including Bioceres, HB4, ECOSEED and SPC. Rizobacter has 346 trademarks and applications in Argentina and 268 trademarks and applications abroad, in Brazil, China, the United States, Uruguay, Turkey, Pakistan, Paraguay, Peru, Mexico, Colombia, Chile, Canada, Bolivia, South Africa, India and the EU. These include RIZOBACTER, RIZOSTAR, RIZOOIL, SIGNUM which is a single-component bio-inducer for soybeans that maximizes soybeans’ ability to generate nitrogen, RIZOSPRAY Extremo which is a last generation adjuvant that enhances the effects of the active ingredients to be sprayed on crops, RIZOFOS which increases the availability of phosphorus in soil and acts favorably on root development, RIZOLIQTop which is a bacterial inoculant that boosts metabolic and physiological performance of bacteria, RIZOPACK which includes integrated products that deliver a combination of seed therapies and / or bacterial protectants and RIZODERMA, a Trichoderma harzianum based fungicide .

 

We will continue to file and prosecute patent, PVP certificate and trademark applications in the United States and foreign jurisdictions, as well as maintain trade secrets as is consistent with our business plan in an ongoing effort to protect our intellectual property.

 

Government Regulation

 

We are subject to agriculture, health and the environmental regulations in the countries in which we operate. We must obtain and comply with various permits and licenses from government authorities and municipalities in the jurisdictions in which we operate. The laws and regulations we are subject to will continue to evolve as there are advances in biotechnology and our other businesses.

 

Employees

 

As of September 30, 2018, we had 389 employees, of which 6.9% were involved in technology sourcing and product development. Our team’s expertise extends across multiple disciplines, including experts in biology, chemistry, plant genetics, agronomics, mathematics, computer science, process engineering and other related fields.

 

Our employees are located mainly in Argentina. The table below shows our employees by role as of the dates indicated and does not include employees of our research collaborators or joint venture partners.

 

 

 

As of September
30, 2018

 

As of June 30,

 

As of
December 31,
2016

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Management, administrative and sales

 

362

 

346

 

338

 

319

 

Research and development services

 

27

 

38

 

39

 

38

 

Total

 

389

 

384

 

377

 

357

 

 

Facilities

 

Bioceres is headquartered in Rosario, Argentina. Rizobacter’s main facilities are located in Pergamino and include a fermentation plant, laboratories and offices spanning 135,600 square feet; a warehouse of 253,500 square feet; and a tolling plant of 53,800 square feet. The 92,000-liter fermentation plant has a daily capacity of 200,000 doses of inoculants. Rizobacter also owns storage and manufacturing facilities in Brazil and Paraguay.

 

Synertech owns a 257,600 square-foot plant in Pergamino with a production capacity of 50,000 tons of micro-beaded fertilizers annually.

 

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Insurance

 

We maintain customary insurance policies that we consider to be in line with market practice and adequate for our business. Our principal insurance policies are personal injury (as mandated by Argentine labor law), civil liability, fire, theft, car, transport, credit, work injury risk and bond insurance entered into in connection with grants received. We do not maintain product liability insurance coverage.

 

Legal Proceedings

 

From time to time, we may become party to litigation or other legal proceedings that we consider to be a part of the ordinary course of our business. We are not currently involved in any legal proceedings that could reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations, other than the proceeding described below. As of the date of this report, we are involved in one material legal proceeding, as described below, and we do not face any claims of possible intellectual property infringement. We may become involved in material legal proceedings in the future as part of the ordinary course of our business.

 

Contingent Fee Payment of US$17.3 Million Related to Precautionary Measure (Medidas Cautelares) in Connection with Rizobacter Acquisition

 

Concurrently with the closing of business combination, the Rizobacter Call Option was exercised and we currently own 80.00% of Rizobacter’s capital stock through our subsidiary RASA Holding, 29% of which are subject to a precautionary measure issued pursuant to an injunction that affects 44% of the total share capital of Rizobacter. In addition, the precautionary measure also covers 30% of the dividends distributed on such shares, directing such percentage of dividends into a judicially created escrow account. Simultaneously with the exercise of the Rizobacter Call Option, 665,078 of the UAC shares representing 10% of Rizobacter shares subject to the precautionary measures were pledged to Bioceres S.A. The precautionary measure relates to litigation among historical shareholders of Rizobacter arising from a disputed transfer of shares that occurred in 1995. In the event the contingencies are lifted, the Parent may be obligated to pay a contingent fee payment of US$17.3 million to certain selling shareholders of Rizobacter. Conversely, in the event that the court rules against the free transferability of the affected shares, the Parent would not be obligated to pay the contingent fee payment but we may be obligated to return certain shares, thereby reducing our equity participation in Rizobacter. For further information on the precautionary measure, see “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks Related to Bioceres’ Acquisitions—Certain of the Rizobacter shares are subject to a judicial injunction.”

 

Recent Developments

 

Preliminary financial information for the quarter ended December 31, 2018 and open market purchase of UAC shares

 

The following preliminary financial information for the three-month period ended December 31, 2018 is based solely on Bioceres management’s estimates, reflecting currently available preliminary information and remains subject to Bioceres’ consideration of subsequent events, particularly as it relates to material estimates and assumptions used in preparing management’s estimates for the three-month period ended December 31, 2018. The preliminary financial information set forth below has been prepared by, and is the responsibility of, Bioceres’ management. Bioceres’ independent auditor, Price Waterhouse & Co. S.R.L. has not audited, reviewed, compiled, or performed any procedures with respect to such preliminary financial information. Accordingly, Price Waterhouse & Co. S.R.L. does not express an opinion or any other form of assurance with respect to, the preliminary financial information set forth below.

 

The preliminary financial information set forth below is not a complete presentation of Bioceres’ financial results for the three-month period ended December 31, 2018. Bioceres’ unaudited combined financial statements as of and for the three and six-month periods ended December 31, 2018 may differ materially from the announced results set forth below. See “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Business” and “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.” The following preliminary financial information should be read together with “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects,” the historical audited combined financial statements of Bioceres and the accompanying notes included elsewhere in this report.

 

On January 15, 2019, Bioceres announced unaudited revenues of US$62.6 million for the quarter ended December 31, 2018, which represents a 33% increase from the corresponding period in 2017. The adjustments and the translation mechanism from the application of IAS 29 had a positive impact in revenues of US$8.7 million during the quarter ended December 31, 2018.

 

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In addition, UAC’s initial shareholders prior to the IPO and their affiliates (collectively, the “Sponsor”) announced the intention to make open market purchases of up to US$3 million of UAC’s ordinary shares, rights and/or warrants. It was announced that the actual number of shares, rights and/or warrants which will be purchased, and the timing of such purchases, will be determined by the Sponsor, and the price for the securities will be the market price at the time of the purchases. It was anticipated that any such purchases will be made in accordance with the applicable provisions of SEC’s Rule 10b-18, to the extent applicable. On February 22, 2019, Juan Sartori, a director and major shareholder of Union, purchased 24,000 ordinary shares at US$5.87 per share.  On March 4, 2019, Mr. Sartori purchased 23,200 ordinary shares at US$5.77 per share and 31,450 ordinary shares at US$5.85 per share. On March 14, 2019, Mr. Sartori purchased 1,580 ordinary shares at US$7.03 per share and on March 7, 2019, Mr. Sartori purchased 4,670 ordinary shares at US$7.58 per share, which increased the number of shares held by him to 1,704,854, representing approximately of 4.7% of our ordinary shares.

 

Potential issuance of bonds

 

On February 26, 2019, the board of directors of Rizobacter held a meeting and approved the holding of a shareholder meeting on April 4, 2019, in which the shareholders will be asked to approve the issuance of non-convertible privately placed bonds, in an amount up to US$16 million. The bonds will be secured by certain pledge and mortgage agreements. The bonds will be issued in reliance on Regulation S under the Securities Act.  It is expected that the proceeds therefrom will be used for working capital purposes.

 

Side Letter to Exchange Agreement

 

In connection with the business combination, UAC entered into a Letter Agreement, dated as of March 14, 2019 (the “Letter Agreement”), by and between UAC, Joseph J. Schena, solely in his capacity as representative of the holders of the ordinary shares of UAC prior to the closing of the business combination (the “Pre-Closing Union Representative”) and Bioceres LLC, amending certain terms of the Exchange Agreement.  Pursuant to the Letter Agreement, among other things, UAC, at the direction of Bioceres LLC, agreed to deliver at the closing of the business combination, the following ordinary registered shares of UAC (“Registered Shares”) which Bioceres LLC would otherwise be entitled to receive pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Exchange Agreement: (i) 1,000,000 Registered Shares, via deposit and withdrawal at custodian (DWAC), to Deutsche Bank Trust Company America (the “Custodian”), to be held by the Custodian on behalf of the shareholders of Bioceres S.A., as beneficial owners; (ii) 579,929 Registered Shares to the persons and in the amounts set forth on Schedule 1 thereto, in exchange for an equal number of unregistered ordinary shares of UAC delivered by the persons set forth on Schedule 1 to the Share Transfer Agreement (as defined below) and pursuant thereto, to Bioceres LLC, subject to customary restrictions on transfer applicable to privately held and/or control securities; and (iii) 4,736,736 Registered Shares in the amounts set forth on Schedule 2 thereto as consideration payable to the Grantors for our exercise of the Rizobacter Call Option pursuant to the Rizobacter Call Option Agreement.  In exchange for the delivery of 4,736,736 Registered Shares to the Grantors that Bioceres LLC would otherwise be entitled to receive pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Exchange Agreement, UAC Agreed in the Letter Agreement to deliver an equal number of unregistered ordinary shares of UAC held in treasury to Bioceres LLC.

 

Share Transfer Agreement

 

In connection with the business combination, UAC entered into a Share Transfer Agreement, dated as of March 14, 2019 (the “Share Transfer Agreement”), by and between the persons and entities listed on Schedule 1 and without duplication, Schedule 2 thereto (collectively, the “Founders”) and Bioceres LLC, pursuant to which, (i) in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Side Letter, the Founders set forth on Schedule 1 to the Share Transfer Agreement have agreed to transfer to Bioceres LLC in the aggregate 579,929 unregistered ordinary shares held by such Founders, in the amounts set forth opposite each such Founder’s name on Schedule 1 in exchange for an equal number of Registered Shares; and (ii) as additional consideration payable to Bioceres LLC in connection with the business combination, the Founders set forth on Schedule 2 to the Share Transfer Agreement have agreed to transfer to Bioceres LLC in the aggregate 862,500 unregistered ordinary shares held by such Founders, in the amounts set forth opposite each such Founder’s name on Schedule 2.

 

Competitive Strengths

 

Our diversified platform generates revenues through multiple technologies, customers, distribution channels and end-markets, providing us with a profitable growth trajectory. Our key competitive strengths include:

 

Premier Agricultural Solutions Provider with Flagship Position in Latin America

 

As the first non-governmental Latin America-based entity with an approved GMO event in a major global crop, we consider ourselves to be the pioneer in the agricultural biotechnology industry in Latin America. We have a combined experience of 42 years, which has allowed us to become and maintain our position not only as a reference entity for governmental agencies and policy-makers, but also as a leading choice for partnerships with global conglomerates. We have helped define regulations for gene editing and new breeding technologies as well as formulate intellectual property guidelines and legislation for our industry. We are a founding member of the Argentine Chamber of Biotechnology and one of a handful of selected companies collaborating with the Argentine Department of Science, Technology and Productive Innovation in the design of research grants aimed at our sector. We are a frequent and leading participant in all major forums dedicated to our industry and a prominent representative of our sector.

 

Proven Platform with a Successful Track-Record in Sourcing, Developing and Commercializing Key Biotechnologies

 

With our combined 42 years of experience, we and our subsidiaries have created our proprietary platform for sourcing, validating, developing and bringing key technologies and products to commercialization.

 

We source our technologies and products through various partnerships, collaborations and long-standing relationships with research institutions and scientists. We are the strategic partner of various institutions including CONICET for the development of multiple GM trait leads, Danziger Innovations for the development of modified gene lines in soybeans as well as quality and protection traits and the University of Illinois for the development of herbicide tolerance technology for alfalfa and soybeans, among others. We have also entered into various collaborative product development and distribution agreements including with: (a) Forage Genetics for enhanced alfalfa with herbicide resistance technology; (b) Dow AgroSciences for the development of new seed traits in soybeans; (c) Momentive for adjuvants; (d) Syngenta for new seed treatments; and (e) Valent BioSciences for the microbials in the United States, among others.

 

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We manage our product development via various joint ventures and partnerships with leading participants in the global agriculture sector. We focus our efforts on developing products and technologies that address the specific requirements and demands of our global customer base and for some of the most globally prolific crops, such as soy and wheat, among others.

 

We have access not only to the largest distributors, co-ops and dealers, but also to end customers through our well-established subsidiaries, divisions, partnerships and our shareholders. By selling our proven genetics, seed and seed treatments on a branded basis, we believe we will continue to further strengthen our brand and grow our position in Latin America.

 

Capital-Efficient, Risk Mitigated Development Model

 

Development and regulatory approval for our products and technologies requires a highly evolved and complicated process that can last between 12 to 14 years. Furthermore, capital allocation requirements can be onerous due to the expensive discovery activities usually associated with life sciences research and the strict requirements for regulatory approval that are imposed on GM crops and technologies.

 

Through INDEAR, we believe that we have created a highly-competitive and capital efficient, independent platform for developing such products and technologies in Latin America. We consider INDEAR to be the go-to partner for advanced validation of promising research leads developed by local research institutions in Argentina, most of which do not have the necessary capabilities for this purpose. As advanced validation initiatives are funded often by existing government programs, INDEAR is able to reduce its capital exposure at this high-risk stage of the R&D process.

 

Upon technology validation, we enter into joint ventures, partnerships and collaborative agreements with industry participants that agree on the merits of a new technology and pursue the business opportunity jointly with us. Partnering with others in this stage of the R&D process allows us to reduce our capital exposure while retaining a controlling interest in the product or technology under development. By co-funding projects at an average investment ratio of four dollars from partners to one dollar that we invest, we further reduce our financial burden and risk from product development activities while also increasing our ability to develop multiple products.

 

We enjoy a competitive advantage in commercializing our products as we are able to leverage our strong industry relationships to bring our products to market faster than our competitors. We also facilitate the use of our technologies through licensing agreements and partnerships with global industry leaders, particularly in new markets with expanded regulatory requirements.

 

Patented and Well-Established High Impact Technologies and Integrated Products and as a Robust Pipeline of New Products and Technologies at or Close to Commercialization Phase.

 

We offer integrated products, such as our Rizobacter insignia Pack products, and we are currently developing our EcoSeed product. The EcoSeed combines germplasm, traits, biologicals and chemical components into a single product to improve overall crop yields. We will support our customers through an ag-tech platform that can provide a range of solutions including: cop evolution monitoring, localized weather analysis and accurate agronomic recommendations, satellite monitoring and fleet monitoring, geo-referenced crop scouting and crop re-plant insurance.

 

We believe that our patent and trademark portfolio for plant-related biologicals is amongst the most competitive in South America. As of June 30, 2018, we have identified and sought patent protection in our capacity as either title holder or licensee, either as exclusive or non-exclusive licensee, to 210 patents or patent applications. In some instances, our licenses are limited in terms of duration, geography and/or field of use. We usually seek patent protection in the largest global markets for our products and technologies, including, the United States, Brazil, Argentina, China, India, Mexico, Australia and certain other European and South American countries.

 

We have registrations in Argentina for 27 wheat, 20 soybean and 4 corn varieties and are also seeking registration for an additional 13 soybean and 2 wheat varieties. Our subsidiary Rizobacter has 346 trademarks and applications in Argentina and 268 trademarks and applications globally.

 

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We also have a robust and innovative portfolio of products and technologies for all stages of crop development. Many of these technologies are at or close to the commercialization phase, such as EcoSoy, EcoWheat and HarvXtra Alfalfa products. This year we launched a new bio-fungicide for soybean seed treatment and a new abiotic stress tolerant inoculant for soybeans. By 2019, we expect to launch seed traits for wheat, soybean and alfalfa, seed treatments for wheat and soybeans, biocontrol products such as new bio-fungicides for wheat seed treatment, which will increase resistance mitigation, the EcoSeeds integrated product, which we expect to increase yields by up to 10%, and a bioadjuvants product, which is a microbially enhanced adjuvant with improved environmental footprint. By 2020, we expect to launch new seed traits for soybeans, and microbially-enhanced fertilizers and biofertilizers for a variety of crops, which we expect will increase yields and mitigate environmental effects. By 2021, we expect to launch wheat and soybean seed treatments and seed traits for soybean and alfalfa crops. For each of the years from 2018 to 2022, we expect to launch germplasms for wheat and soybean.

 

Unique Ownership by Key Industry Influencers Leading to Early and Broad Adoption of Technologies and Products

 

The current ownership structure of our parent company is composed of more than 300 shareholders, including some of the largest farm operators, processors, distributors and commercial participants in the Latin American agricultural sector. Our parent company shareholder structure also includes founding members of the Argentine Association of No-Till Producers ( La Asociación Argentina de Productores en Siembra Directa ) (“AAPRESID”) and leading members of the Argentine Association of Regional Consortiums for Agricultural Experimentation ( Asociación Argentina de Consorcios Regionales de Experimentación Agrícola ) (“AACREA”). These unique relationships not only allow us to quickly bring our products to market and integrate our technologies into the broad market by creating a proprietary distribution and commercialization channel, but also provides us with a highly desired early stage testing platform that allows us to receive direct market feedback in the testing process to vet and facilitate faster market penetration.

 

Highly Accomplished Management Team with a Unique Blend of Technical and Commercialization Experience and the Ability to Identify and Integrate Key Acquisitions

 

We believe we have a strong management team with a unique blend of executive, managerial, technical, commercialization and acquisition experience. We are able to leverage the experience of our management team not only to efficiently source and develop our technologies and products, but also to leverage their vast experience in commercial production, distribution, navigation of intellectual property requirements and inorganic acquisitions to strategically grow our business.

 

Our Growth Strategy

 

Our long-term growth strategy is based on an open-architecture approach to technology origination, identifying and accessing promising technologies from third parties, as well as forming strategic and capital-efficient partnerships that leverage each party’s strategic strengths and capabilities to more quickly bring innovations to market. Our near-term growth strategy includes the following:

 

Continue to Lead Development and Commercialization of New Agricultural Biotechnology Products in Existing and New Markets

 

We intend to build upon our diverse portfolio of crop productivity solutions by consolidating our position in biological assets, including microbial, seed traits and germplasm assets, and continuing to pursue an integrated approach in the development of superior yielding products. We intend to expand upon our direct reach to customers by offering additional high demand technologies, such as digital farming solutions and direct-to-consumer retail, which we believe will facilitate the adoption and subsequent sales of our products as well as achieve efficiencies to create additional value opportunities.

 

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Scale-Up Production of Rizobacter Products to Accelerate Penetration in Local and Regional Crop Nutrition Markets

 

We have invested significant capital in future developments of specialty fertilizers and have completed the construction of our micro-beaded fertilizer facility in Pergamino, Argentina. The facility began operations in January 2017 and is expected to supply high-demand specialty fertilizers in Argentina and neighboring countries. Through our acquisition of Rizobacter in 2016, we also have a sub-license for Microstar, the leading brand in micro-granulated fertilizers granted to Synertech by our commercial partner De Sangosse.

 

Commercial Launch of Seed Traits and EcoSeed Products to Drive Penetration in Local and Regional Integrated Seed Market

 

Given the near-term commercialization opportunity that HB4 and other seed technologies represent, we plan to integrate these solutions into customized seed products that represent a superior value proposition, with an initial focus on Latin America. EcoWheat and EcoSoy seeds integrate the uniqueness of HB4 stress tolerance into locally-adapted germplasms, customized with a seed treatment solution prescribed for specific environments. We believe that the product differentiation provided by our unique and varied technologies increase the value of our products for EcoSeed customers and will drive significant growth in this segment of our business. In the medium-term, we expect royalties from HB4 licenses to represent a significant component of our revenues as this landmark technology is more broadly adopted through strategic partnerships and third-party channels. We have recently received regulatory approval for the commercialization of the HarvXtra Alfalfa with Roundup Ready ® technology developed by Forage Genetics International.

 

Expand our International Business by Accelerating Registration and Sales of Products Through Multiple Subsidiaries

 

We consider ourselves to be a global leader in the biological market and have used this position to establish subsidiaries in Brazil, Paraguay, Bolivia, Uruguay, the United States, South Africa, and more recently, India, Colombia and France. We believe we can use our international footprint and sales force to continue to define our key brands by bringing our broader portfolio of crop productivity solutions to these markets. We expect international growth to be driven initially by continued growth in our historical biological business, as well as by incorporating high-value adjuvants and crop nutrition solutions in the future. In the medium-term, we expect to leverage our leading distribution network to bring our integrated seed products and other crop protection and nutrition solutions to all of our current and target markets.

 

Pursue Strategic Collaborations and Acquisitions in Key Markets

 

We intend to continue working with our collaboration partners to bring our products to customers in key markets. We also plan to continue pursuing acquisitions and in-licensing opportunities to gain access to validated and important later stage products and technologies that we believe to be a strategic fit for our business.

 

Industry Overview

 

Global Industry Overview

 

We develop, produce and/or formulate: germplasm, seed traits, seed treatments, biological and microgranulated fertilizers, specialty insecticides and fungicides and adjuvants. Our key geographical end-markets include Argentina, which is the third largest market for agricultural biotechnology products, Brazil and the rest of Latin America, the United States, China and India. We sell our products in more than 25 countries globally. Our products and technologies have applicability across a wide variety of crops, including some of the most globally prolific crops such as corn, soy, alfalfa and wheat.

 

Demand for crop yields from agricultural lands are seeing a dramatic increase as a result of increasing global population, an expanding middle class, trend towards urbanization, decrease in agricultural land per capita, demand for reduced use of environmentally harmful chemicals and an increase in unfavorable weather

 

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patterns for farming. This demand cannot be met by conventional farming alone. Agricultural biotechnology products are the only currently viable avenue available to meet this expected high demand in crop yields.

 

According to the USDA, global demand for grains increased by more than 57% from 1.4 billion metric tons in 1980 to 2.2 billion metric tons in 2010. Furthermore, according to the OECD and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN (“FAO”), this demand is expected to increase another 20% by 2020 reaching 2.6 billion metric tons. The increase in demand is primarily driven by population growth in developing countries and an expanding middle class. Also, according to the OECD and the FAO, global population is projected to increase from 7.3 billion in 2016 to 8.2 billion in 2025, with almost all of this increase occurring in developing countries. Also, the OECD estimates that global middle-class population is expected to grow from 1.8 billion people in 2009 to 3.2 billion people by 2020 and 4.9 billion people by 2030. As household incomes rise, demand for protein-rich diets often increases and this drives additional demand for grains. The trend toward urbanization is also causing a large drop in arable land available per capita. The FAO estimates that ratio of arable land to population has declined by over 50% from 1962 to 2010. As a result of this, according to a report from Statista, the number of people fed per hectare is expected to increase by 100% from 2.3 to 5.6 people fed per hectare from 1960 to 2020.

 

The chart below sets forth the arable land per person over periods indicated.

 

Arable Land per Person Over Time

 

 

In addition to reducing available land for farming, urbanization leads to a change in dietary tendencies. According to the International Service for the Acquisition of Agribiotec Applications (“ISAAA”), the shift on the composition of diets towards more meat consumption has led to an increase in demand for feed grains. The transition also increases demand of open land for cattle raising and grazing, making arable land increasingly scarce. The finite availability of arable land has driven the growth in demand of high yielding agriculture products in order to supply the demand while utilizing less hectarage.

 

Due to the location of the remaining arable land worldwide and its uneven distribution, certain regions have been driven to produce a larger proportion part of the required supply. As these trends continue South America will present an interesting opportunity for developing and exporting crops, to meet growing demand. For example, according to the USDA, soybean demand is expected to grow over 4% in 2018, with Asia accounting for almost half of that demand and dependent on exports from other countries. According to the USDA Brazil accounted for over 40% of soybean exports over the last five years.

 

The U.S. EPA has validated that more extreme temperature and precipitation can prevent crops from growing. Dealing with drought could become a challenge in many areas, and although increased irrigation might be possible in some places, in other places water supplies may also be reduced, leaving less water available for irrigation when more is needed. According to the U.S. Global Change Research Program, climate disruptions to agricultural production have increased in the past 40 years and are projected to increase over the next 25 years. By mid-century and beyond, these impacts will be increasingly negative on most crops and livestock.

 

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The charts below set forth fresh water resources per capita and carbon dioxide emissions per capita over time.

 

 


Sources: Worldbank and U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science.

 

These trends will continue to drive growth in the global agriculture sector. The USDA reported global demand for grains increased by more than 57% from 1.4 billion metric tons to 2.2 billion metric tons in 2010. Furthermore, according to the OECD and the FAO, this demand is expected to increase by an additional 20% by 2020 reaching 2.6 billion metric tons.

 

The agricultural sector is of key importance to Argentina. According to the 2017 CIA Factbook, 10.9% of the country’s GDP originates from agriculture and approximately 54% of land has a connection to the agricultural sector (arable land 13.9%; permanent crops 0.4%; permanent pasture 39.6%).

 

Due to the importance of the sector, the administration led by Mauricio Macri, in office since December 2015, has enacted favourable policies focused on growth for agricultural exports. On December 29, 2015, the government eliminated the export permit system known as the Register of Export Operations, or ROEs, for grains and oilseeds, along with significant reform to export taxes. ROEs were used as export declarations and were allotted based on discretionary government quotas causing restrictions on exports. The removal of these export restrictions and reduction in export taxes are expected to encourage higher production and further innovation. Per the USDA’s October 2017 report, Argentina is the third largest producer and exporter of soybeans and Argentina soybean exports are projected to increase from 7.0 million metric tons in October 2017 to 8.0 million metric tons in October 2018.

 

The by crop charts below set forth the harvest and production profile in Argentina:

 

Argentine Harvest and Production Profile

 

 


Sources: Argentine Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Fishing.

 

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According to ISAAA, conventional crop technology alone cannot address this immense demand or feed the increase in population. Sustainable approaches using the best of conventional crop technology, such as use of the best adapted germplasms, as well as the best of biotechnology are required in order to increase crop productivity enough to meet the growing demands associated with the increase in population. The last 20 years of commercialization of biotech crops has confirmed that biotech crops have and can deliver substantial agronomic, environmental, health, economic and social benefits. The rapid adoption of biotech crops reflects the multiple substantial benefits realized globally and in the last 20 years, with an accumulated 2 billion hectares of biotech crops grown commercially. Furthermore, in many countries, the adoption rate for biotech crops has reached over 90% for major products in principal markets in both developing and industrial companies.

 

Sustainable approaches using top of the line conventional crop technology, such as use of the best adapted germplasms, as well as the best of biotechnology is required to meet crop productivity demands. The last 20 years of commercialization of biotech crops has confirmed that these have and can deliver substantial agronomic, environmental, health, economic and social benefits. More than 18 million growers in 26 countries have experienced the benefits of biotech crops, including increasing productivity, conserving biodiversity, ability to be self-sufficient on available arable land, mitigating negative impacts of climate change and overall improvement of their economic situation.

 

According to ISAAA, in most countries adoption for biotech crops has reached over 90% for major products in principal markets in both developing and industrial countries. Globally accumulated hectarage of planted biotech crops have reached over 2 billion worldwide over a period of 20 years, with developing countries leading the growth over the last five years, accounting for 53% of the global biotech hectarage growth in 2017.

 

According to ISAAA, biotech crops were present in only 24 countries as of 2017, presenting a significant long-term growth opportunity in the sector as demand continues to rise. Approximately, 19 of the countries with biotech crops are considered developing markets. In these countries, the estimated yield gaps exceed 50%, presenting a significant opportunity for improvement. Large agricultural companies, as well as smaller independent research firms, have invested billions of dollars to identify and commercialize high-value seed traits to sell to growers. Given the ability of these products to differentiate through yield performance, these markets have demonstrated stronger growth in sales than conventional seed sales. Phillips McDougall, an industry consultant, estimates the market for GM seeds to be US$20 billion in 2016. ISAAA states that 190 million hectares were planted with GM crops in 2017.

 

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The map below sets forth the global biotechnology crop hectarage in 2016:

 

Global Biotech Crop Hectarage (2017)

 

 

In 2017, according to ISAAA, corn and soybeans represented a majority of the seed biotechnology market, making up approximately 87% of the global biotech seed market. The United States, Brazil and Argentina were the top planters of biotech seeds with more than 150 million hectares under production of biotech crops. As of 2017, the adoption of GM varieties is above 90% for soybean, above 80% for corn and above 65% for cotton. In Argentina, approximately 24 million hectares of biotech crops were planted in 2017 with virtually 100% of soybean, 97% of corn and 95% of cotton hectares utilizing biotech varieties. Historically, the Argentine market has been quick to adopt biotechnology as a result of concentrated nature of farm groups as well as comfort with fast commercialization of new GM varieties.

 

The chart below sets forth the global adoption rates for different crops in 2017:

 

 

The most attractive trait in biotech seeds for growers is herbicide tolerance, which accounts for approximately 47% of all seeds used. However, demand for stacked seed traits continue growing and accounted for 41% of seeds in 2017. The same number was registered on 2016 but related to a smaller planting area of biotech crops (185 MHa on 2016 and 190 MHa on 2017). As more stacked traits seed varieties become available growers will shift towards these to increase profitability. In response to this shift, technology developers are

 

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currently focused on stacked traits seeds, which represented 70.8% of the total 176 of approved events during 2017.

 

The charts below set forth biotechnology crops by trait:

 

 

The aggregate economic benefits of biotech crops in the last 21 years account for on incremental US$186.1 billion to growers, according to ISAAA. Over 50% of these gains were in developing countries and the United States, Argentina and India were the top three beneficiaries.

 

Based on its economic gain to growers and the rest of the agricultural supply chain, biotech crops have been the fastest adopted agricultural technology over the last twenty years, increasing productivity by an aggregate 574 million tons.

 

Historically, the Argentine market has swiftly adopted biotechnology as a result of concentrated farm groups as well as comfort with the fast commercialization of new GM varieties. Adoption of GM crops in Argentina began in the mid 1990’s with the herbicide-tolerant soybean. The country is in an early adapter and is considered one of the six Founder Biotech Crop Counties alongside countries like the U.S., China and Canada.

 

As previously mentioned, Argentina is one of the top three countries in terms of global share of planted biotech seed hectares, with approximately 12% of total global planted hectarage. In 2017, approximately 24 million hectares of biotech crops were planted, comprised of 18.1 million hectares of soybean, 5.2 million of corn and 0.25 million of cotton accounting for virtually 100% of soybean, 97% of corn and 95% of cotton hectares utilizing biotech varieties.

 

The graph below reflects the adoption rates of GM crops in Argentina for the periods indicated:

 

Adoption Rates of GM Crops in Argentina

 

 

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Source: USDA Foreign Agricultural Service

 

In the United States, which is the top producer of biotech seeds, 75 million hectares were planted using biotech crops in 2017. The United States has an established history of rapid adoption rates of GM crops, typically reaching 65% to 90% peak penetration in ten years driven by overall yield and productivity improvements of specific seed traits as well on-going consumer education and resulting acceptance.

 

The graph below reflects the adoption rates of GM crops in the United States for the periods indicated:

 

Adoption Rates of GM Crops in the U.S.

 

 

Due to this early adoption of technology and its leading position in the biotech market, Argentina has developed one of the first and most recognizable regulatory systems for Genetically Engineered (GE) events. CONABIA has been recognized by FAO as “Center of Reference for the Biosafety of GE Events”; since its creation CONABIA has reviewed over 1,500 permit applications. The Secretary of Agroindustry remains committed to the technological development and improvements of bureaucratic processes for agricultural biotechnology. During 2012, the system was revamped to reduce approval time for new events to 24 months from 42 months, allowing for continued innovation and reduced bureaucracy in the system.

 

According to the USDA, although Argentina is a major producer and exporter of agricultural biotechnology products, it faces regulatory challenges in providing adequate protection of intellectual property (“IP”) rights for agricultural biotechnology. Current regulation provides growers protection from repercussion if a seed is saved or replanted. Newly proposed legislation introduced in October 2016 looks to address companies’ seed IP by allowing seed companies to attempt to collect under the Patent Law from non-exempt producers for up to three years after the initial purchase.

 

The global seed market has grown an 85% in ten years up to US$37 billion in 2016 from US$20 billion in 2006 per a 2017 report by Phillips McDougall. Also, GM seeds have grown in prominence, representing up to 55% (US$20 billion) in 2016 growing from only 29% (US$6 billion) of the global market in 2006. This increase of more than 330% in the market size of GM seeds underlines the increasing significance and need for agricultural biotechnology. In response, the Company is strategically targeting the GM seed and integrated seed submarket for its high growth potential.

 

The graph below reflects the increase in the global seed market and the penetration of biotechnology crops for the periods indicated:

 

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Global Seed Market & Penetration of Biotech Crops

 

 


Source: Phillips McDougall, 2017.

 

The graph below reflects global biotechnology sales by crop and area of biotechnology crops by country:

 

Global Biotech Sales by Crop and Area of Biotech Crops by Country

 

 


Source: ISAAA, 2016.

 

Syngenta, our joint venture partner and a global leader in crop protection, estimates that the global market for agrochemical products, including crop protection products such as high-tech adjuvants, doubled from 2000 to 2014, reaching an estimated size of US$63 billion. The Company, based on its research and market sources, also estimates this unprecedented growth to continue driven by introduction of new chemistries, which address many unmet agronomic challenges faced by growers, as well as the need to address significant losses from abiotic stresses that could potentially be in excess of US$100 billion.

 

The International Fertilizer Organization estimates that the global crop nutrition market as represented by the total market value for fertilizer sales is US$171.6 billion. According to the FAO, the demand for global crop nutrition, which includes fertilizer nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphate and potash, has increased from 186.9 million metric tons to 200.5 million metric tons, with a compounded annual growth rate of 1.8%. In response, the Company is strategically targeting the biofertilizer and micro-granulated fertilizer submarket for its potential high growth.

 

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The graph below sets out lost yield potential across a variety of crops.

 

Abiotic Stress Accounts for 66%-82% of Lost Yield Potential (1)

 

 


Note:—

(1)               Source: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Plants, Buchanan, Gruissem, Jones, American Society of Plant Physiologists, 2000.

 

We believe that agricultural biotechnology and biologicals will continue to grow as the benefits of these technologies and products become more widely known and consumers appreciate the similar efficacy to conventional chemicals while also addressing other issues such as pest resistance and environmental safety.

 

C.                  Organizational Structure

 

Bioceres Solutions Corp. is a Cayman Islands exempted company.

 

The following diagram depicts our current organizational structure:

 

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The following table identifies our main subsidiaries as of March 14, 2019:

 

Name

 

Country of
Incorporation

 

Ownership
Interest (%)

 

Voting
Interest
(%)

 

BCS Holding Inc.

 

USA

 

100

%

100

%

Rasa Holding LLC

 

USA

 

100

%

100

%

Bioceres Semillas S.A.

 

Argentina

 

100

%

100

%

Verdeca LLC

 

USA

 

50

%

50

%

Trigall Genetics S.A.

 

Uruguay

 

50

%

50

%

Rizobacter S.A.

 

Argentina

 

80

%

80

%

Synertech S.A.

 

Argentina

 

50

%

50

%

 

D.                  Property, Plant and Equipment

 

Our main manufacturing and distribution facilities are located in Pergamino, Argentina. Our manufacturing facilities include an approximately 1.05 million-gallon formulation plant, an approximately 24,000-gallon fermentation plant as well as packaging and logistics operations with over 375,000 square feet of warehouse space. In June 2016, we inaugurated our new 250,000-square foot fertilizer facility as part of our joint venture with De Sangosse.

 

We test and conduct trial runs of our key technologies at our main field station located in Pergamino, Argentina, which also has processing capabilities for foundation seed. We also operate facilities in Brazil and Paraguay and have sales offices or representatives in nine countries.

 

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ITEM 4A.                                        UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

 

Not applicable.

 

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ITEM 5.                                                 OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS

 

The following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our audited combined financial statements for the year ended June 30, 2018 for the Transition Period ended June 30, 2017 and for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 the unaudited combined financial statements for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 and the notes thereto, included elsewhere in this report.

 

The following discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results may differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including those set forth in “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” and “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors.”

 

A.       Operating Results

 

Factors affecting our results of operations

 

Our results of operations have been influenced and will continue to be influenced by the following factors:

 

Market demand for our products and services

 

Our sales and profitability are influenced by the demand for our crop productivity products in the particular markets in which we operate. Demand for our seed and integrated products, crop nutrition products and crop protection products is affected by the purchase decisions of our distributors and customers, which are typically driven by fluctuation in agricultural commodities prices, crop profitability and planting decisions, as well as externalities such as general market conditions, grower production decisions and new technology adoption, commodity prices, operating costs and weather conditions.

 

Fluctuations in commodity prices

 

Our results of operations, particularly the demand and price for our seed and integrated products, crop production products and crop nutrition products, are affected by global agricultural commodities prices, such as grains, milk, meat, biofuels and biomaterials. Global prices of agricultural commodities vary in accordance with domestic and export market prices, which are primarily affected by the local and global demand for, and supply of, those commodities. Prices for agricultural commodities are also significantly influenced by speculative actions and by currency exchange rates, volatility in credit markets and fluctuation in consumer and business confidence. In addition, prices for agricultural commodities are affected by governmental programs and policies regarding agriculture, as well as general trade, fiscal and exchange control policies. Extrinsic factors, such as drought, floods, general weather conditions, disease and natural disasters may also affect agricultural commodities prices. Demand for agricultural commodities, such as wheat and soybeans, both for human consumption and as cattle feed, has generally increased with worldwide economic growth and prosperity.

 

Seasonality and weather conditions

 

Our revenues fluctuate depending on the timing of orders from our distributors and customers and on prevailing seed market prices, which influence the purchase decisions of growers, the end users of our seed and integrated products, crop protection products and crop nutrition products. Given the cyclicality of crop planting and harvesting and South America’s planting and growing seasons, which vary from year to year, our business is highly seasonal. This results in substantial fluctuations in quarterly sales and profitability. Generally, our sales are concentrated in the third and fourth quarters of each calendar year, when demand for our seed and integrated products, crop protection products and crop nutrition products increases as growers begin planting their fields. With our seed and integrated products business, we contract with growers and seed suppliers based upon our anticipated market demand. Generally, in our seed and integrated products business we stock the seed during the harvest season and ship from inventory throughout the year, with the objective of selling most of the inventory from the current year’s harvest before the next year’s, with our crop protection and our crop nutrition business following a similar cycle to the seed cycle. Milestone, royalty and license revenues are also likely to fluctuate

 

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from period to period given the seasonality of agriculture and time required to progress from one milestone to the next.

 

Our seed and integrated products, crop protection and crop nutrition businesses are also affected by unpredictable weather conditions such as heavy rains, hail, floods, freezing conditions, windstorms, drought or fire, as well as other hazardous situations beyond our control, which may cause our sales and operating results to fluctuate significantly. In addition, disruptions that cause delays by growers in harvesting or planting can result in the movement of orders to a future quarter, which also causes fluctuations in our quarterly operating results. Finally, some of our customers and distributors order in bulk only one or two times a year, which may further cause our seed product revenues to fluctuate from period to period.

 

Stages of development of our products

 

Our results of operations will vary depending on the stage of development of our products and technologies. Some of our products are currently in the early stages of development and our historical operating results are not indicative of the operating results we expect to experience in later stages of product development. As we are able to advance such technologies and products through the development and regulatory phases to commercial launch, we expect our revenues and cash flows to increase. In particular, we expect our operating results prior to the time we fully launch and commercialize HB4 and related technologies included in our EcoSeed products to differ significantly from our operating results following such product launch.

 

As our seed and integrated products, crop protection and crop nutrition businesses continue to develop internationally, we expect to experience an increase in sales of micro-bead fertilizers and inoculants from our crop nutrition solutions, adjuvants and other crop protection solutions and seed and integrated products as well as to generate additional revenues from licensing fees from third parties and our joint venture partners, due to the introduction of our seed trait products to the global market, as these become commercially available, and due to the acquisition of Rizobacter and its extensive distribution network. We expect to continue to generate license fees from payments that we receive from third parties pursuant to license agreements, as well as royalty fees from distributors and growers who save harvested seeds that contain our technology and then use the seeds in subsequent harvests. We also expect to generate additional revenues from distribution fees that our joint venture partners pay to our proprietary distribution channels for selling seed and integrated products that incorporate our technologies.

 

Our costs are impacted by the stage of development of our products and technologies, requiring, for example, expenditures in the research, development and regulatory phases of a product without corresponding flows of revenue until the time of commercial launch. Product development expenses may fluctuate from period to period and may also increase if we choose to accelerate certain product development programs or if we elect to take a greater role in the regulatory and commercialization process with respect to one or more of our crop productivity products in development incorporating our crop productivity technologies.

 

Regulatory environment

 

Our results of operations will vary depending on the speed in which we are able to obtain regulatory approvals for our products and the cost and expense associated with gaining such approvals. The degree of regulation to which we are subject varies by activity and country. Our ability to sell our technologies and products depends on our obtaining and maintaining necessary authorizations, permits and regulatory approvals in the markets in which we operate. As of the date of this report, we have obtained regulatory approval for our HB4 technology for soybeans in Argentina and the United States (pending USDA approval), and have been seeking to obtain regulatory approval for several technologies in Argentina and Uruguay, with plans to subsequently seek regulatory approvals either directly or through our joint ventures or collaborators in other large agricultural markets such as Brazil and the United States. Additionally, as we and our third-party collaborators develop new technologies, our results will be affected by our ability to achieve successful product launch and commercialization of approved technologies.

 

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Effects of export taxes on our products

 

The administration of Argentina has eliminated export duties on wheat, corn, beef and other regional products, and reduced duties on soybeans by 5% from 35% to 30%. With respect to payments for imports of goods and services, the administration announced the elimination of amount limitations for access to the Foreign Exchange Market for any new transactions as of December 17, 2015, and for existing debts for imports of goods and services as of April 22, 2016. On January 2, 2017, the Argentine government enacted a further reduction of the export duties rate set for soybean and soybean products, setting a monthly 0.5% cut on the export duties rate beginning in January 2018. However, due to the foreign exchange crisis in the second half of 2018, in September 2018, general export duties were re-imposed and the progressive reduction of export duties on soybean products stopped. For example, a general additional export duty has been imposed on all exports of goods, levied on the lower of 12% of the good’s FOB value or AR$3 or AR$4 per each US$1, depending on the kind of the good. Also, in addition to the general additional export duty described above, exports of soybean and soybean products have been subject to an export duty equal to 18%. As local prices are determined by, among other things, the export parity reference, any change in export taxes would affect its financial results.

 

Effects of purchase price allocation

 

Since the Rizobacter Acquisition on October 19, 2016, we have consolidated Rizobacter into our group’s accounting, and applied rules related to accounting purchase price allocation, or PPA, that have significantly impacted our balance sheet and results since the acquisition date. PPA rules required us to revalue assets and liabilities at fair market value, including inventories, property, plant and equipment, intangible assets and investments in joint ventures, including Rizobacter’s 50% equity interests in Synertech and Semya. Our results of operations will be affected as the remaining revalued inventories are sold (recognizing a non-cash, non-recurring charge resulting in higher cost of goods sold related to the sale of those revalued inventories), the revalued property, plant and equipment is depreciated over its remaining useful life resulting in higher non-cash depreciation expenses, and the revalued intangible assets (including customer relationships, intellectual property and product registrations) are amortized over their remaining useful life resulting in higher non-cash amortization expenses.

 

Our results of operations for the three-month period ended September 30, 2018 were affected by a PPA related non-cash charges principally related to R&D expenses and selling, general and administrative expenses of US$0.3 million related to incremental amortization and depreciation charges from revalued intangible assets and property, plant and equipment. Those effects were partially offset by an income tax benefit related to PPA for US$0.6 million. As of September 30, 2018, our combined statements of financial position included PPA valuation step-ups of US$4.7 million in revalued property, plant and equipment, US$22.1 million in revalued intangible assets, US$18.8 million in revalued investments in joint ventures and US$7.4 million in revalued deferred tax liabilities, as well as US$17.8 million of goodwill related to the Rizobacter Acquisition.

 

Our results of operations for the year ended June 30, 2018, were affected by the following PPA-related non-cash charges principally related to: (i) cost of sales included a non-recurring incremental cost of US$2.3 million related to PPA adjustments for revalued inventories sold since the acquisition date, and (ii) R&D expenses and selling, general and administrative expenses of US$1.6 million related to incremental amortization charges from revalued intangible assets and property, plant and equipment. Those effects were partially offset by an income tax benefit related to PPA for US$5.0 million. As of June 30, 2018, our combined statements of financial position included PPA valuation step-ups of US$4.2 million in revalued property, plant and equipment, US$19.0 million in revalued intangible assets, US$16.4 million in revalued investments in joint ventures and US$5.9 million in revalued deferred tax liabilities, as well as US$14.4 million of goodwill related to the Rizobacter Acquisition.

 

Our results of operations for the Transition Period were affected by the following PPA related non-cash charges principally related to: (i) cost of sales including a non-recurring incremental cost of US$2.4 million related to PPA adjustments for revalued inventories sold since the date of Rizobacter Acquisition, and (ii) R&D expenses and selling, general and administrative expenses of US$1.1 million related to incremental amortization and depreciation charges from revalued intangible assets and property, plant and equipment. Those effects were partially offset by an income tax benefit related to PPA for US$1.2 million. As of June 30, 2017, our combined

 

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statements of financial position included PPA valuation step-ups of US$2.4 million in remaining Rizobacter revalued inventories, US$7.4 million in revalued property, plant and equipment, US$34.8 million in revalued intangible assets, US$28.4 million in revalued investments in joint ventures and US$15.6 million in revalued deferred tax liabilities, as well as US$25.1 million of goodwill related to the Rizobacter Acquisition.

 

Our results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2016, were affected by the following PPA related non-cash charges principally related to: (i) cost of sales including a non-recurring incremental cost of US$7.5 million related to PPA adjustments for revalued inventories sold since the date of Rizobacter Acquisition, and (ii) R&D expenses and selling, general and administrative expenses of US$0.4 million related to incremental amortization and depreciation charges from revalued intangible assets and property, plant and equipment. Those effects were partially offset by an income tax benefit related to PPA for US$0.6 million. As of December 31, 2016, our combined statements of financial position included PPA valuation step-ups of US$4.9 million in remaining Rizobacter revalued inventories, US$8.1 million in revalued property, plant and equipment, US$37.3 million in revalued intangible assets, US$29.9 million in revalued investments in joint ventures and US$17.5 million in revalued deferred tax liabilities, as well as US$26.2 million of goodwill related to the Rizobacter Acquisition.

 

Macroeconomic conditions

 

Argentina has historically been subject to inflation. According to the INDEC, the NUCPI increased 23.9% between January and December 2014 and 11.9% between January and October 2015. In 2014, based on data from the City of Buenos Aires, the CPI increased by 34.3%. In 2015, based on data from the Province of San Luis, the CPI increased by 31.6% and based on data from the City of Buenos Aires, increased by 26.9%. Between January and April 2016, based on data from the Province of San Luis, the CPI increased by 14.08% and based on data from the City of Buenos Aires, increased by 19.10%. After implementation of the methodological reforms, INDEC reported an increase in the CPI of 16.8% between June and December 2016, an increase of 24.8% in 2017 and increase of 47.6% in 2018. See “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks Related to Operating in Latin America and Argentina—Argentina—Continuing high inflation may have a negative effect on the Argentine economy and on our financial performance.”

 

We have determined that, as of July 1, 2018, the Argentine economy qualifies as a hyperinflationary economy according to the guidelines of the International Accounting Standard 29, Financial Reporting in Hyperinflationary Economies (“IAS 29”), since the total cumulative inflation in Argentina in the 36 months prior to July 1, 2018, as measured by the wholesale price index published by the INDEC, exceeded 100%. Accordingly, IAS 29 guidance is applicable to our financial statements for periods ending after July 1, 2018. IAS 29 requires the financial information of an entity whose functional currency is a currency of a hyperinflationary economy to be adjusted by applying a general price index and expressed in the measuring unit at the end of the reporting period and then such financial information to be translated into the presentation currency at the prevailing exchange rate. See Note 2.5 to our unaudited combined financial statements included elsewhere in this report. See “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks Related to Operating in Latin America and Argentina—Argentina—As of July 1, 2018, the peso qualifies as a currency of a hyperinflationary economy, and we are required to apply inflationary adjustments to our financial statements, which could adversely affect our Argentine subsidiaries’ financial statements, results of operations and financial condition” and “—Factors affecting comparability of prior periods.”

 

Factors affecting comparability of prior periods

 

A number of factors have a significant impact on our business and results of operations, the most important of which are the following:

 

In December 2016, Bioceres S.A. approved a change in our fiscal year end from December 31 to June 30. Following the Transition Period, our fiscal year ends on June 30 of each year. Due to this change, the Transition Period figures presented in our combined financial statements are not entirely comparable to those presented for the years ended June 30, 2018 or December 31, 2016 and 2015. For comparative purposes, we have presented

 

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unaudited financial information for the twelve-month period ended June 30, 2017 and six-month period ended June 30, 2016, derived from our unaudited combined financial statements, which are not included in this report.

 

The comparability of our results of operations is also affected by the consummation of the Rizobacter Acquisition on October 19, 2016. Our operating results for the periods following the Rizobacter Acquisition may not be comparable to the periods prior to the Rizobacter Acquisition.

 

In addition, during the three-month period ended September 30, 2018, Argentina experienced a significant devaluation of its currency against the U.S. Dollar of approximately 43%, which exceeded the inflation rate for the same period of approximately 11%. This factor, compounded with the application of IAS 29 as from July 1, 2018, which changed the mechanism for translating the financial information into U.S. Dollars that we have been applying up to June 30, 2018, affects the comparability of the figures reported for the three-month period ended September 30, 2018 with the corresponding period in 2017.

 

Following IAS 29 guidance, if the inflation rate is lower than the devaluation rate of the Argentine peso, revenue figures reported in U.S. Dollar are less than what they would have been if they had been converted based on the exchange rate in effect as of the relevant invoice date. Because the Argentine peso devaluation rate exceeded the inflation rate by approximately 300% for the three-month period ended September 30, 2018, our results of operations reported in our financial statements for that period were adversely affected.

 

Results of operations

 

We have based the following discussion on our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report. You should read it along with these financial statements, and it is qualified in its entirety by reference to them. Our results of operations in periods subsequent to September 30, 2018 will be affected by, among other things, certain recent developments. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—B. Business Overview—Recent Developments.”

 

Comparison of the three-month periods ended September 30, 2018 and 2017

 

As of July 1, 2018, Bioceres began to apply IAS 29 “Financial reporting in hyperinflationary economies” to its financial statements. As a result, results of operations for the three-month period ended September 30, 2018 have been accounted for under the application of such standard, while results of operations for the three-month period ended September 30, 2017 have not.

 

The table below illustrates our results of operations for the three-month periods ended September 30, 2018 and 2017.

 

 

 

For the three-month period
ended

 

 

 

September
 30, 2018

 

September
 30, 2017

 

 

 

(unaudited)
(US$)

 

Total revenue

 

29,612,224

 

33,874,161

 

Cost of sales

 

(14,499,010

)

(20,011,633

)

Research and development expenses

 

(1,048,492

)

(938,374

)

Selling, general and administrative expenses

 

(6,080,485

)

(8,395,208

)

Share of loss of joint ventures and associates

 

80,156

 

55,117

 

Other income / (loss), net

 

101,611

 

(56,878

)

Operating income

 

8,166,004

 

4,527,185

 

Finance income

 

12,464,317

 

1,326,714

 

 

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For the three-month period
ended

 

 

 

September
30, 2018

 

September
30, 2017

 

Finance costs

 

(26,199,971

)

(6,766,835

)

Loss before income tax

 

( 5,569,650

)

(912,936

)

Income tax benefit

 

1,970,393

 

289,837

 

Loss for the period

 

(3,599,257

)

(623,099

)

Other comprehensive loss

 

(16,395,253

)

(4,156,488

)

Total comprehensive loss(1)  

 

(19,994,510

)

(4,779,587

)

Non-IFRS measures

 

 

 

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA (unaudited)(2)

 

8,991,963

 

6,868,344

 

 


Notes:—

(1)               Includes (i) exchange differences on translation of foreign operations from joint ventures, (ii) exchange differences on translation of foreign operations, (iii) revaluation of property, plant and equipment, net of tax from joint ventures and (iv) revaluation of property, plant and equipment, net of tax.

 

(2)               Adjusted EBITDA is a non-IFRS measure. For a complete presentation of the reconciliation of Net Loss to Adjusted EBITDA, see the section entitled “—Non-IFRS Financial Measures.”

 

Revenue

 

Primarily due to a significant devaluation of the Argentine peso and the application of IAS 29 as from July 1, 2018, our reported revenue in U.S. Dollars decreased by 13%, or US$4.3 million, to US$29.6 million for the three-month period ended September 30, 2018 from US$33.9 million for the corresponding three-month period in 2017. The change in the translation mechanism from the application of IAS 29 had a negative impact of US$5.9 million in the three-month period ended September 30, 2018; however, excluding such impact, sales increased by US$1.6 million in crop nutrition revenues, by US$0.5 million in crop protection and decreased by US$0.5 million in seed and integrated products.

 

Revenue by business segment

 

Crop Protection. Revenue reported in U.S. Dollars was US$14.7 million for the three-month period ended September 30, 2018 compared to US$16.8 million for the corresponding three-month period in 2017, primarily due to the change in translation mechanism that results from the application of IAS 29, which caused a US$1.6 million reduction in our reported revenues of adjuvants and a US$1.0 million reduction in our reported revenues of insecticides, fungicides and other crop protection products. This effect was partially offset by an increase of revenues in all crop protection products of US$0.5 million.

 

Seed and Integrated Products. Revenue reported in U.S. Dollars for the three-month period ended September 30, 2018 was US$6.5 million, compared to US$7.5 million for the corresponding three-month period in 2017, primarily due to (i) the change in translation mechanism that results from the application of IAS 29, which caused a US$0.5 million decrease in our reported revenue of seed and integrated products and (ii) a decrease in sales of our seed and integrated products of US$0.5 million.

 

Crop Nutrition. Revenue reported in U.S. Dollars for the three-month period ended September 30, 2018 was US$8.4 million, compared to US$9.5 million for the corresponding three-month period in 2017, primarily due to the change in translation mechanism that results from the application of IAS 29, which caused a US$2.7 million reduction in reported accrued inoculants and fertilizers revenue, offset by an increase of US$1.6 million in revenues. The higher sales in crop nutrition of US$1.6 million were produced by an increase of US$2.6 million in fertilizers revenues, offset by lower revenues in inoculants of US$1.0 million.

 

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Cost of sales

 

Cost of sales also decreased due to the application of IAS 29 and the mechanism of translation to U.S. Dollars. Our reported cost of sales was US$14.5 million for the three-month period ended September 30, 2018 compared to US$20.0 million for the corresponding three-month period in 2017. US$2.3 million of the US$5.5 million decrease in the amount accrued in cost of sales was caused by the application of IAS 29 and the change in translation mechanism that results from its application.

 

Cost of sales by business segment

 

Crop Protection. Our reported cost of sales was US$7.3 million for the three-month period ended September 30, 2018 compared to US$10.0 million for the corresponding three-month period in 2017. US$1.5 million of the US$2.7 million decrease in the amount accrued in cost of sales was caused by the change in translation mechanism that results from the application of IAS 29. The decrease was also primarily caused by a decrease in cost of sales of other crop protection products of US$1.3 million.

 

Seed and Integrated Products. Our reported cost of sales decreased by US$0.3 million, to US$2.2 million for the three-month period ended September 30, 2018 compared to US$2.5 million for the corresponding three-month period in 2017, primarily due to a decrease in reported cost of seed sales and royalties of US$0.4 million, offset by an increase in reported Rizobacter integrated products’ cost of sales accrued of US$0.1 million. The effect of the change in translation mechanism that results from the application of IAS 29 in the amount of cost of sale of seed and integrated products was minimal.

 

Crop Nutrition. Our reported cost of sales was US$5.0 million for the three-month period ended September 30, 2018 compared to US$7.5 million for the corresponding three-month period in 2017. The variation of US$2.5 million in the amount accrued in cost of sales was affected by the change in translation mechanism that results from the application of IAS 29, which caused a US$1.0 million decrease in the reported amount. Additional variations were principally caused by a decrease of US$2.0 million in cost of sales of inoculants, partially offset by an increase in fertilizers cost of sales.

 

Research and development expenses

 

Research and development expenses increased by 13%, or US$0.1 million, to US$1.0 million for the three-month period ended September 30, 2018 from US$0.9 million for the corresponding three-month period in 2017, primarily due to increased amount of expenses for laboratory supplies and materials. The significant devaluation of the Argentine peso during 2018 generated a decrease in expenses originally incurred in Argentine pesos, which then in turn were translated in U.S. Dollars for reporting purposes. The effect of change in translation mechanism that results from the application of IAS 29 did not cause a significant decrease of R&D expenses.

 

Selling, general and administrative expenses

 

Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased by 28%, or US$2.3 million, to US$6.1 million for the three-month period ended September 30, 2018 from US$8.4 million for the corresponding three-month period in 2017, primarily as a result of a decrease in those expenses nominated in Argentine pesos in light of the significant devaluation occurred during 2018. Therefore, expenses or charges such as employee benefits and social security expenses, taxes and publicity and advertising expenses have shown a substantial decrease. Additionally, the effect of change in translation mechanism that results from the application of IAS 29 caused a decreased on the accrued amount of selling, general and administrative expenses of US$1.1 million.

 

Share of loss of joint ventures and associates

 

Our share in the loss of joint ventures and associates resulted in a gain of US$80,156 for the three-month period ended September 30, 2018 compared to a gain of US$55,117 for the corresponding three-month period in 2017, primarily as a result of minor losses relating to our equity holdings in Trigall, partially offset by minor

 

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profit relating to our equity holdings in Synertech. Those variations include the effect of the application of IAS 29 as the equity holding in Synertech was recalculated in accordance with IAS 29.

 

Other income or expenses, net

 

Other income increased by US$0.2 million, to a profit of US$0.1 million for the three-month period ended September 30, 2018 from a loss of US$0.1 million for the corresponding three-month period in 2017, primarily as a result of miscellaneous net income accrued.

 

Operating income

 

As a result of the foregoing, we recorded operating income of US$8.2 million for the three-month period ended September 30, 2018 compared to US$4.5 million for the corresponding three-month period in 2017. The effect of the change in the translation mechanism that results from the application of IAS 29 mentioned above caused a decrease of US$2.2 million in operating income.

 

Finance income

 

Finance income increased by US$11.2 million, to US$12.5 million for the three-month period ended September 30, 2018 from US$1.3 million for the corresponding three-month period in 2017, primarily as a result of an increase in exchange differences of US$10.8 million.

 

Finance costs

 

Finance costs increased by US$19.4 million, to a loss of US$26.2 million for the three-month period ended September 30, 2018 from a loss of US$6.8 million for the corresponding three-month period in 2017, primarily as a result of higher exchange differences of US$18.9 million and higher changes in fair value of financial assets or liabilities of US$0.7 million.

 

Loss before income tax

 

As a result of the foregoing, we recorded a loss before income tax of US$5.6 million for the three-month period ended September 30, 2018 compared to a loss before income tax of US$0.9 million for the corresponding three-month period in 2017.

 

Income tax benefit

 

Income tax benefit increased by US$1.7 million, to US$2.0 million for the three-month period ended September 30, 2018 from US$0.3 million for the corresponding three-month period in 2017, primarily as a result of the higher loss incurred. This increase includes the effect of the change in translation mechanism that results from the application of IAS 29 on income tax benefit.

 

Loss for the period

 

As a result of the foregoing, loss for the period amounted to US$3.6 million for the three-month period ended September 30, 2018 compared to US$0.6 million for the corresponding three-month period in 2017.

 

Other comprehensive loss

 

Other comprehensive loss was US$16.4 million for the three-month period ended September 30, 2018 compared to a loss of US$4.2 million for the corresponding three-month period in 2017, comprised primarily of a translation loss of US$19.2 million partially offset by a gain on revaluation of property, plant and equipment of US$2.8 million.

 

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Total comprehensive loss

 

As a result of the foregoing, we recorded a total comprehensive loss of US$20.0 million for the three-month period ended September 30, 2018 compared to a total comprehensive loss of US$4.8 million for the corresponding three-month period in 2017.

 

Comparison of the year ended June 30, 2018 and the twelve-month period ended June 30, 2017

 

The table below illustrates our results of operations for the year ended June 30, 2018 and for the twelve-month period ended June 30, 2017. We present unaudited financial information for the twelve-month period ended June 30, 2017 for comparative purposes only. The information for the twelve-month period ended June 30, 2017 is derived from unaudited combined financial statements, which are not included in this report.

 

 

 

For the Year
Ended June
30, 2018

 

For the
Twelve-Month Period
Ended June
30, 2017(1)

 

 

 

(unaudited)
(US$)

 

Total revenue

 

133,542,704

 

87,108,647

 

Cost of sales

 

(77,094,551

)

(59,421,443

)

Research and development expenses

 

(3,950,100

)

(2,708,852

)

Selling, general and administrative expenses

 

(35,263,688

)

(23,358,600

)

Share of loss of joint ventures and associates

 

(2,136,801

)

(1,129,787

)

Other income / (loss), net

 

613,389

 

79,017

 

Operating income

 

15,710,953

 

568,982

 

Finance income

 

26,982,795

 

1,758,859

 

Finance costs

 

(67,933,511

)

(19,611,061

)

Loss before income tax

 

(25,239,763

)

(17,283,220

)

Income tax benefit

 

10,928,517

 

4,208,670

 

Loss for the period

 

(14,311,246

)

(13,074,550

)

Other comprehensive loss

 

(31,833,554

)

(7,293,941

)

Total comprehensive loss(2)  

 

(46,144,800

)

(20,368,491

)

Non-IFRS measures

 

 

 

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA (unaudited)(3)

 

22,370,693

 

14,190,302

 

 


Notes:—

(1)               Combined statements of profit or loss and other comprehensive income for the twelve-month period ended June 30, 2017 include the consolidated statements of profit or loss and other comprehensive income of Rizobacter from October 19, 2016 (the date whereupon we assumed control of Rizobacter following its acquisition by us).

(2)               Includes (i) exchange differences on translation of foreign operations from joint ventures, (ii) exchange differences on translation of foreign operations, (iii) revaluation of property, plant and equipment, net of tax from joint ventures and (iv) revaluation of property, plant and equipment, net of tax.

(3)               Adjusted EBITDA is a non-IFRS measure. For a complete presentation of the reconciliation of Net Loss to Adjusted EBITDA, see the section entitled “—Non-IFRS Financial Measures.”

 

Revenue

 

Revenue increased by US$46.4 million, to US$133.5 million for the year ended June 30, 2018 from US$87.1 million for the twelve-month period ended June 30, 2017, as a result of an increase in crop protections

 

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sales of US$25.0 million, in crop nutrition sales of US$17.2 million and in seed and integrated products sales of US$4.2 million, in line with the expansion of our business as a result of the Rizobacter Acquisition.

 

Revenue by business segment

 

Crop Protection. Revenue increased by US$25.0 million, to US$77.7 million for the year ended June 30, 2018 compared from US$52.7 million for the twelve-month period ended June 30, 2017, as a result of an increase in adjuvants sales of US$12.4 million and higher sales of insecticides, fungicides and other crop protection products of US$12.5 million.

 

Seed and Integrated Products. Revenue increased by US$4.2 million, to US$26.8 million for the year ended June 30, 2018 compared to US$22.6 million for the twelve-month period ended June 30, 2017, due to higher integrated product of Rizobacter sales totaling US$6.3 million, offset by a decrease in seeds and royalty sales of US$2.1 million.

 

Crop Nutrition. Revenue increased by US$17.2 million, to US$29.1 million for the year ended June 30, 2018 compared to US$11.9 million for the twelve-month period ended June 30, 2017, due to higher inoculants sales totaling US$8.0 million and fertilizers sales of US$9.2 million.

 

Cost of sales

 

Cost of sales increased by US$17.7 million, to US$77.1 million for the year ended June 30, 2018 from US$59.4 million for the twelve-month period ended June 30, 2017, primarily as a result of higher cost in crop protection sales of US$10.0 million, in crop nutrition cost of sales of US$7.3 million and in seed and integrated products of US$0.4 million, in line with the expansion of our business as a result of the Rizobacter Acquisition.

 

Cost of sales by business segment

 

Crop Protection. Cost of sales of crop protection products increased by US$10.0 million, to US$49.4 million for the year ended June 30, 2018 from US$39.5 million for the twelve-month period ended June 30, 2017, primarily as a result of higher cost in adjuvants sales of US$9.9 million and insecticides, fungicides and other crop protection products of US$4.8 million. These factors were offset by a decrease in the non-recurring incremental cost related to PPA adjustments in inventories of US$ 4.7 million.

 

Seed and Integrated Products. Cost of sales increased by US$0.4 million, to US$13.4 million for the year ended June 30, 2018 from US$13.0 million for the twelve-month period ended June 30, 2017, due to higher costs of Rizobacter integrated products sold totaling US$2.2 million offset by a decrease in cost of sales for our seed products and totaling US$1.8 million.

 

Crop Nutrition. Cost of sales increased by US$7.3 million, to US$14.2 million for the year ended June 30, 2018 from US$6.9 million for the twelve-month period ended June 30, 2017, primarily as a result of higher cost in fertilizers sales of US$5.9 million and an increase of US$1.7 million in inoculants cost of sales.

 

Research and development expenses

 

Research and development expenses increased by US$1.2 million, to US$3.9 million for the year ended June 30, 2018 from US$2.7 million for the twelve-month period ended June 30, 2017, primarily as a result of increased R&D employee costs of US$0.6 million, a higher charge for amortization of intangible assets and for depreciation of property, plant and equipment of US$0.5 million and higher expenses in laboratory supplies and materials of US$0.7 million. The effect of these factors was partially offset by miscellaneous R&D expenses, office suppliers and freight expenses of US$0.6 million.

 

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Selling, general and administrative expenses

 

Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by US$11.9 million, to US$35.3 million for the year ended June 30, 2018 from US$23.4 million for the twelve-month period ended June 30, 2017. Primarily, the increases were attributable to employee costs of US$4.8 million, taxes of US$1.3 million, professional fees of US$0.6 million, charges for impairment of receivables of US$1.4 million, publicity and advertising of US$0.8 million, mobility, travel and freight expenses of US$1.1 million, and other net miscellaneous expenses of US$1.9 million.

 

Share of loss of joint ventures and associates

 

The loss resulting from our share in the loss of joint ventures and associates increased US$1.0 million, to US$2.1 million for the year ended June 30, 2018 from US$1.1 million for the twelve-month period ended June 30, 2017 as a result of higher charges relating to our equity holdings in Synertech of US$0.7 million and in Trigall Genetics of US$0.2 million.

 

Other income

 

Other income increased to US$0.5 million for the year ended June 30, 2018 from almost nil for the twelve-month period ended June 30, 2017, primarily as a result of miscellaneous income.

 

Operating profit

 

As a result of the foregoing, operating profit increased by US$15.1 million, to a profit of US$15.7 million for the year ended June 30, 2018 from a loss of US$0.6 million for the twelve-month period ended June 30, 2017.

 

Finance income

 

Finance income increased by US$25.2 million, to US$27.0 million for the year ended June 30, 2018 from US$1.8 million for the twelve-month period ended June 30, 2017, primarily as a result of an increase in exchange differences generated by assets due to the devaluation of Argentine peso.

 

Finance costs

 

Finance costs increased by US$48.3 million, to US$67.9 million for the year ended June 30, 2018 from US$19.6 million for the twelve-month period ended June 30, 2017, primarily as a result of higher exchange differences of US$45.8 million and higher interest expenses of US$2.4 million.

 

Loss before income tax

 

As a result of the foregoing, we recorded a loss before income tax of US$25.2 million for the year ended June 30, 2018 compared to a loss before income tax of US$17.3 million for the twelve-month period ended June 30, 2017.

 

Income tax benefit

 

Income tax benefit amounted to US$10.9 million for the year ended June 30, 2018 compared to a benefit of US$4.2 million for the twelve-month period ended June 30, 2017, primarily as a result of the higher loss incurred and the effect of the tax rate change that occurred in December 2017 in Argentina.

 

Loss for the period

 

As a result of the foregoing, loss for the period amounted to US$14.3 million for the year ended June 30, 2018 compared to US$13.1 million for the twelve-month period ended June 30, 2017.

 

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Other comprehensive loss

 

Other comprehensive loss amounted to US$31.8 million for the year ended June 30, 2018 compared to US$7.3 million for the twelve-month period ended June 30, 2017, primarily as a result of exchange differences on translation of foreign operations of US$34.4 million and partially offset by gains from revaluation of property, plant and equipment, net of tax for US$8.0 million and from tax rate change over revaluation of property, plant and equipment for US$1.8 million.

 

Total comprehensive loss

 

As a result of the foregoing, we recorded a total comprehensive loss of US$46.1 million for the year ended June 30, 2018 compared to a total comprehensive loss of US$20.4 million for the twelve-month period ended June 30, 2017.

 

Comparison of the six-month Transition Period ended June 30, 2017 and six-month period ended June 30, 2016

 

The table below illustrates our combined results of operations for the Transition Period ended June 30, 2017 and six-month period ended June 30, 2016. We present unaudited financial information for the six-month period ended June 30, 2016 for comparative purposes only. The information for the six-month period ended June 30, 2016 is derived from unaudited combined financial statements, which are not included in this report.

 

 

 

Six-month
Transition
Period Ended
June 30, 2017

 

Six-month
Period Ended
June 30,
2016(1)

 

 

 

(unaudited)
(US$)

 

Total revenue

 

46,885,310

 

945,912

 

Cost of sales

 

(29,613,158

)

(790,671

)

Research and development expenses

 

(1,990,268

)

(135,270

)

Selling, general and administrative expenses

 

(15,689,598

)

(1,158,119

)

Share of loss of joint ventures and associates

 

(649,075

)

(226,330

)

Other income / (loss), net

 

54,252

 

 

Operating income

 

(1,002,537

)

(1,364,478

)

Finance income

 

1,762,484

 

160,093

 

Finance costs

 

(11,955,747

)

(750,731

)

Loss before income tax

 

(11,195,800

)

(1,955,116

)

Income tax benefit

 

2,817,251

 

469,228

 

Loss for the period

 

(8,378,549

)

(1,485,888

)

Other comprehensive loss

 

(2,714,241

)

 

Total comprehensive loss(2)  

 

(11,092,790

)

(1,485,888

)

Non-IFRS measures

 

 

 

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA (unaudited)(3)

 

4,133,308

 

(1,281,583

)

 


Notes:—

(1)               Combined statements of profit or loss and other comprehensive income for the six-month period ended June 30, 2016 do not include the consolidated statements of profit or loss and other comprehensive income of Rizobacter, which we acquired on October 19, 2016.

(2)               Includes exchange differences on translation of foreign operations and revaluation of property, plant and equipment, net of tax.

 

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(3)               Adjusted EBITDA is a non-IFRS measure. For a complete presentation of the reconciliation of Net Loss to Adjusted EBITDA, see the section entitled “—Non-IFRS Financial Measures.”

 

Revenue

 

Revenue increased by US$45.9 million, to US$46.9 million for the Transition Period from US$0.9 million for the corresponding six-month period in 2016, primarily as a result of (i) the addition of Rizobacter’s revenues of US$44.5 million, including revenues during the Transition Period of US$31.2 million from crop protection products, US$6.6 million from integrated products and US$6.6 million from crop nutrition products; and (ii) an increase in seed sales of US$1.5 million, mainly attributable to higher volumes of sales of wheat and soy.

 

Revenue by business segment

 

Crop Protection. Revenue was US$31.2 million for the Transition Period compared to nil for the corresponding six-month period in 2016, primarily due to revenue contributed by the Rizobacter Acquisition.

 

Seed and Integrated. Products. Revenue increased by US$8.1 million to US$9.0 million for the Transition Period compared to US$0.9 million for the corresponding six-month period in 2016, due to higher seed sales totaling US$1.5 million and integrated product sales totaling US$6.6 million driven by the Rizobacter Acquisition.

 

Crop Nutrition. Revenue was US$6.6 million for the Transition Period compared to nil for the corresponding six-month period in 2016, primarily due to revenue contributed by the Rizobacter Acquisition, which took place in October 2016.

 

Cost of sales

 

Cost of sales increased by US$28.8 million to US$29.6 million for the Transition Period from US$0.8 million for the corresponding six-month period in 2016, primarily as a result of the costs of Rizobacter products sold during the Transition Period totaling US$27.5 million, which includes a non-recurring incremental cost of US$2.4 million related to PPA adjustments for revalued inventories sold during the Transition Period and the higher cost of sales of US$1.3 million for our seed products.

 

Cost of sales by business segment

 

Crop Protection . Cost of sales was US$22.6 million for the Transition Period compared to nil for the corresponding six-month period in 2016, primarily due to Rizobacter cost of sales recorded during the Transition Period compared to no Rizobacter sales costs recorded for the corresponding six-month period in 2016.

 

Seed and Integrated Products . Cost of sales increased by US$4.1 million to US$4.9 million for the Transition Period compared to US$0.8 million for the corresponding six-month period in 2016, primarily due to the costs of Rizobacter products sold during the Transition Period totaling US$2.8 million and a higher cost of sales for our seed products totaling US$1.3 million.

 

Crop Nutrition . Cost of sales was US$2.1 million for the Transition Period compared to nil for the corresponding six-month period in 2016, primarily due to Rizobacter cost of sales recorded during the Transition Period compared to no Rizobacter cost of sales recorded for the corresponding six-month period in 2016.

 

Research and development expenses

 

Research and development expenses increased by US$1.9 million to US$2.0 million for the Transition Period from US$0.1 million for the corresponding six-month period in 2016, primarily as a result of increased R&D employee costs, a higher charge for amortization of intangible assets and for depreciation of property, plant and equipment mainly due to the addition of Rizobacter’s fixed and intangible assets and higher expenses in laboratory supplies and materials.

 

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Selling, general and administrative expenses

 

Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by US$14.5 million to US$15.7 million for the Transition Period from US$1.2 million for the corresponding six-month period in 2016, primarily as a result of an increase in employees’ salaries and related personnel costs of US$6.6 million, an increase of US$1.6 million in sales and other taxes mainly attributable to the Rizobacter business; an increase of US$1.6 million in charges for amortization of intangible assets and property, plant and equipment, mainly due to the addition of Rizobacter’s intangible and fixed assets; an increase of US$0.9 million in freight expenses mainly attributable to the Rizobacter business; an increase of US$1.0 million in publicity and advertising expenses; an increase of US$1.2 million in professional services fees; and an increase in net miscellaneous expenses of US$1.7 million.

 

Share of loss of joint ventures and associates

 

The loss resulting from our share in the loss of joint ventures and associates increased by US$0.4 million to US$0.6 million for the Transition Period from US$0.2 million for the corresponding six-month period in 2016, primarily as a result of higher charges relating to our equity holdings in Synertech (through our acquisition of Rizobacter), partially offset by lower charges relating to our equity holdings in Trigall Genetics.

 

Other income

 

Other income increased to US$0.1 million for the Transition Period from nil for the corresponding six-month period in 2016, primarily as a result of the sale of equipment and other miscellaneous income.

 

Operating loss

 

As a result of the foregoing, operating loss decreased by US$0.4 million to US$1.0 million for the Transition Period from US$1.4 million for the corresponding six-month period in 2016.

 

Finance income

 

Finance income increased by US$1.6 million to US$1.8 million for the Transition Period from US$0.2 million for the corresponding six-month period in 2016, primarily as a result of an increase in exchange differences of US$1.0 million, higher interest income of US$0.5 million and changes in fair value of financial assets or liabilities of US$0.1 million.

 

Finance costs

 

Finance costs increased by US$11.3 million to US$12.0 million for the Transition Period from US$0.7 million for the corresponding six-month period in 2016, primarily as a result of higher interest expenses of US$7.4 million, resulting mainly from interest charges contributed by Rizobacter, higher exchange differences of US$2.5 million, higher financial commissions from Rizobacter of US$1.0 million, and increases in fair value of financial assets or liabilities of US$0.3 million.

 

Loss before income tax

 

As a result of the foregoing, we recorded a loss before income tax of US$11.2 million for the Transition Period compared to a loss before income tax of US$1.9 million for the corresponding six-month period in 2016.

 

Income tax benefit

 

Income tax benefit amounted to US$2.8 million for the Transition Period compared to a benefit of US$0.5 million for the corresponding six-month period in 2016, primarily as a result of the higher loss incurred.

 

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Loss for the period

 

As a result of the foregoing, loss for the period amounted to US$8.4 million for the Transition Period compared to US$1.5 million for the corresponding six-month period in 2016.

 

Other comprehensive loss

 

Other comprehensive loss amounted to US$2.7 million for the Transition Period compared to nil for the corresponding six-month period in 2016, primarily as a result of exchange differences on translation of foreign operations of US$4.7 million, partially offset by gains from revaluation of property, plant and equipment, net of tax for US$2.0 million.

 

Total comprehensive loss

 

As a result of the foregoing, we recorded a total comprehensive loss of US$11.1 million for the Transition Period compared to a total comprehensive loss of US$1.5 million for the corresponding six-month period in 2016.

 

Comparison of the year ended December 31, 2016 and 2015

 

The table below illustrates our combined results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015.

 

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2016(1)

 

2017(2)

 

 

 

(US$)

 

Total revenue

 

41,169,249

 

5,206,091

 

Cost of sales

 

(30,598,956

)

(3,837,242

)

Research and development expenses

 

(853,854

)

(302,774

)

Selling, general and administrative expenses

 

(8,827,121

)

(1,401,037

)

Share of loss of joint ventures and associates

 

(707,042

)

(858,158

)

Other income / (loss), net

 

24,765

 

12

 

Operating income

 

207,041

 

(1,193,108

)

Finance income

 

156,468

 

1,569,592

 

Finance costs

 

(8,406,045

)

(879,769

)

Loss before income tax

 

(8,042,536

)

(503,285

)

Income tax benefit

 

1,860,647

 

(690,726

)

Loss for the period

 

(6,181,889

)

(1,194,011

)

Other comprehensive loss

 

(4,579,700

)

 

Total comprehensive loss(3)  

 

(10,761,589

)

(1,194,011

)

Non-IFRS measures

 

 

 

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA (unaudited)(4)

 

8,775,411

 

(1,116,215

)

 


Notes:—

(1)               Combined statements of profit or loss and other comprehensive income for the year ended December 31, 2015 do not include the consolidated statements of profit or loss and other comprehensive income of Rizobacter, control of which we assumed on October 19, 2016.

(2)               Combined results of our operations include results of operations of Rizobacter from October 19, 2016 to December 31, 2016 (the period beginning on the date whereupon we assumed control of Rizobacter following its acquisition by us).

 

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(3)               Includes (i) exchange differences on translation of foreign operations from joint ventures, (ii) exchange differences on translation of foreign operations, (iii) revaluation of property, plant and equipment, net of tax from joint ventures and (iv) revaluation of property, plant and equipment, net of tax.

(4)               Adjusted EBITDA is a non-IFRS measure. For a complete presentation of the reconciliation of Net Loss to Adjusted EBITDA, see the section entitled “—Non-IFRS Financial Measures.”

 

Revenue

 

Revenues increased by US$35.9 million, to US$41.2 million for the year ended 2016 from US$5.2 million for the year ended 2015, primarily as a result of the addition of Rizobacter’s US$36.7 million of revenues since its acquisition on October 19, 2016, partially offset by a decrease of US$0.8 million of seeds and royalty sales.

 

Revenue by business segment

 

Crop Protection . Revenue was US$21.5 million for 2016 compared to nil for 2015, as a result of the addition of Rizobacter since its acquisition on October 19, 2016.

 

Seed and Integrated Products . Revenue increased by 178%, or US$9.2 million, to US$14.4 million for 2016 compared to US$5.2 million for 2015, primarily due to the addition of US$10.0 million of Rizobacter revenues since its acquisition on October 19, 2016, partially offset by lower seed sales of US$0.8 million.

 

Crop Nutrition . Revenue was US$5.2 million for 2016 compared to nil for 2015, primarily as a result of the addition of Rizobacter since its acquisition on October 19, 2016.

 

Cost of sales

 

Cost of sales increased by US$26.8 million, to US$30.6 million for 2016 from US$3.8 million for 2015, primarily as a result of the direct costs of Rizobacter products sold since the acquisition on October 19, 2016, which includes a non-recurring incremental cost of US$7.5 million related to PPA adjustments for revalued inventories sold since the acquisition date, while the direct costs of Bioceres’ seed sales remained mostly unchanged from 2015 to 2016.

 

Cost of sales by business segment

 

Crop Protection . Cost of sales was US$16.8 million for 2016 compared to nil for 2015, as a result of the addition of Rizobacter since its acquisition on October 19, 2016.

 

Seed and Integrated Products . Cost of sales increased by 133%, or US$5.1 million, to US$8.9 million for 2016 compared to US$3.8 million for 2015, primarily as a result of the direct costs of Rizobacter products sold since its acquisition on October 19, 2016, while the direct costs of seed sales remained mostly unchanged from 2015 to 2016.

 

Crop Nutrition . Cost of sales was of US$4.8 million for 2016 compared to nil for 2015, as a result of the addition of Rizobacter since its acquisition on October 19, 2016.

 

Research and development expenses

 

Research and development expenses increased by US$0.6 million to US$0.9 million for 2016 from US$0.3 million for 2015, primarily as a result of increased R&D employee costs due to the addition of Rizobacter’s R&D employee costs since its acquisition on October 19, 2016 and other miscellaneous R&D expenses.

 

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Selling, general and administrative expenses

 

Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by US$7.4 million, to US$8.8 million for 2016 from US$1.4 million for 2015, primarily as a result of an increase of US$2.7 million in employees’ salaries and related personnel costs, an increase of US$0.7 million in charges for amortization of intangible assets and depreciation of property, plant and equipment, an increase of taxes of US$0.9 million, an increase of US$0.8 million in professional services fees, higher freight expenses of US$0.7 million and higher miscellaneous expenses of US$1.7 million.

 

Share of loss of joint ventures and associates

 

The loss resulting from our share in the loss of joint ventures and associates decreased by US$0.2 million, to US$0.7 million for 2016 from a loss of US$0.9 million for 2015, primarily as a result of lower charges relating to our equity holdings in Trigall Genetics, offset by an increase due Synertech and Semya since the acquisition of Rizobacter.

 

Operating profit/loss

 

As a result of the foregoing, we recorded an operating profit of US$0.2 million for 2016, an increase of US$1.4 million from an operating loss of US$1.2 million for 2015.

 

Finance income

 

Finance income decreased by US$1.4 million to US$0.2 million for 2016 from US$1.6 million for 2015, primarily as a result of decreases in net exchange differences.

 

Finance costs

 

Finance costs increased by US$7.5 million, to US$8.4 million for 2016 from US$0.9 million for 2015, primarily as a result of US$5.4 million of higher interest expenses, US$1.3 million of higher net exchange differences and US$0.9 million of higher financial commissions.

 

Loss before income tax

 

As a result of the foregoing, we recorded a loss before income tax of US$8.0 million for 2016 compared to a loss before income tax of US$0.5 million for 2015.

 

Income tax

 

Income tax benefit amounted to US$1.9 million for 2016 compared to an income tax expense of US$0.7 million for 2015. Although we recorded losses before income tax in each of 2016 and 2015, income tax arose in 2015 primarily because of differences between IFRS and Argentine tax law regarding the accounting treatment of the exchange differences on translation of foreign operations derived from different functional currency.

 

Loss for the period

 

As a result of the foregoing, loss for the year 2016 amounted to US$6.2 million compared to US$1.2 million for year 2015.

 

Other comprehensive loss

 

Other comprehensive loss amounted to US$4.6 million for 2016 compared to nil for 2015 as a result of exchange differences on translation of foreign operations.

 

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Total comprehensive loss

 

As a result of the foregoing, we recorded a total comprehensive loss of US$10.8 million for 2016 compared to a total comprehensive loss of US$1.2 million for 2015.

 

Non-IFRS Financial Measures

 

We supplement the use of IFRS financial measures in this report with non-IFRS financial measures, including Adjusted EBITDA. We define Adjusted EBITDA as profit/(loss) exclusive of financial income/(costs), income tax benefit/(expense), depreciation, amortization, share-based compensation and inventory purchase allocation.

 

We believe that Adjusted EBITDA provides useful supplemental information to investors about us and our results. Adjusted EBITDA is among the measures used by our management team to evaluate our financial and operating performance and make day-to-day financial and operating decisions. In addition, Adjusted EBITDA and similarly titled measures are frequently used by our competitors, rating agencies, securities analysts, investors and other parties to evaluate companies in our industry. We also believe that Adjusted EBITDA is helpful to investors because it provides additional information about trends in our core operating performance prior to considering the impact of capital structure, depreciation, amortization and taxation on our results. Adjusted EBITDA should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for other measures of financial performance reported in accordance with IFRS. Adjusted EBITDA has limitations as an analytical tool, including:

 

·                        Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect changes in, including cash requirements for, our working capital needs or contractual commitments;

 

·                        Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect our financial expenses, or the cash requirements to service interest or principal payments on our indebtedness, or interest income or other financial income;

 

·                        Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect our income tax expense or the cash requirements to pay our income taxes;

 

·                        although depreciation and amortization are non-cash charges, the assets being depreciated or amortized often will need to be replaced in the future, and Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect any cash requirements for the replacements;

 

·                        although share-based compensation is a non-cash charge, Adjusted EBITDA does not consider the potentially dilutive impact of share-based compensation; and

 

·                        other companies may calculate Adjusted EBITDA and similarly titled measures differently, limiting its usefulness as a comparative measure.

 

We compensate for the inherent limitations associated with using Adjusted EBITDA through disclosure of these limitations, presentation of our combined financial statements in accordance with IFRS and reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to the most directly comparable IFRS measure, income/(loss) for the period or year.

 

The table below provides a reconciliation of our loss for the period/year to Adjusted EBITDA:

 

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Three-month Period
Ended September 30,

 

Year Ended
June 30,

 

Twelve-
Month
Period
Ended
June 30,

 

Six-month
Transition
Period
Ended
June 30,

 

Six-month
Period
Ended
June 30,

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2018

 

2017

 

2018

 

2017

 

2017

 

2016

 

2016

 

2015

 

 

 

(unaudited)

 

 

 

 

 

(unaudited)

 

 

 

(unaudited)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(US$)

 

Reconciliation of Net Loss to Adjusted EBITDA:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Loss for the period/year

 

(3,599,257

)

(623,099

)

(14,311,246

)

(13,074,550

)

(8,378,549

)

(1,485,888

)

(6,181,889

)

(1,194,011

)

Income tax (benefit)/expense

 

(1,970,393

)

(289,837

)

(10,928,517

)

(4,208,670

)

(2,817,251

)

(469,228

)

(1,860,647

)

690,726

 

Finance costs

 

26,199,971

 

6,766,835

 

67,933,511

 

19,611,061

 

11,955,747

 

750,731

 

8,406,045

 

879,769

 

Finance income

 

(12,464,317

)

(1,326,714

)

(26,982,795

)

(1,758,859

)

(1,762,484

)

(160,093

)

(156,468

)

(1,569,592

)

Depreciation of property, plant and equipment

 

404,284

 

634,431

 

2,230,881

 

1,798,713

 

1,254,657

 

40,237

 

584,293

 

71,277

 

Amortization of intangible assets

 

417,871

 

577,033

 

2,141,476

 

1,839,911

 

1,418,529

 

2,797

 

424,179

 

2,331

 

Inventory purchase price allocation charge

 

 

1,119,155

 

2,257,378

 

9,953,020

 

2,436,949

 

 

7,516,071

 

 

Stock-based compensation charges

 

3,804

 

10,540

 

30,005

 

29,676

 

25,710

 

39,861

 

43,827

 

3,285

 

Adjusted EBITDA (unaudited)

 

8,991,963

 

6,868,344

 

22,370,693

 

14,190,302

 

4,133,308

 

(1,281,583

)

8,775,411

 

(1,116,215

)

 

Critical accounting policies

 

The preparation of our combined financial statements (which have been prepared on a carveout basis, using Bioceres, Inc. historical accounting records relating to the crop business line and combining them with Bioceres Semillas S.A.’s financial information) and related disclosures in accordance with IFRS requires our management to make certain judgments, estimates and assumptions regarding the future. Estimates and judgments are continually evaluated based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. In the future, actual experience may differ from these judgments, estimates and assumptions. The judgments, estimates and assumptions that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year are discussed in our audited combined financial statements included elsewhere in this report. See Note 1 to Bioceres’ combined financial statements “General Information” for a description of the preparation of the combined financial statements.

 

In order to provide an understanding of the manner in which our management forms its judgments about future events, including the variables underlying our judgments, estimates and assumptions, we summarize our critical accounting policies in Note 5 to our audited combined financial statements included elsewhere in this report.

 

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B.                  Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

Overview

 

Since our inception, we have funded our operations primarily with sales of our products, borrowings, including loans and credit facilities, and equity contributions from our shareholders. Our principal use of cash is to fund our operations, investments in intangible assets, expenditures in property, plant and equipment, working capital requirements and repayment of debt obligations.

 

As of September 30, 2018, our cash and cash equivalents amounted to US$3.3 million. As of September 30, 2018, we held other current financial assets that amounted to US$4.6 million.

 

We believe that our existing cash and cash equivalents, cash inflows from revenue and borrowings (including refinancing debt and credit lines) will be adequate to meet our anticipated cash needs for the next 12 months. In addition, we expect that the business combination will provide us with additional financial flexibility to execute our strategic objectives, including the possibility of expanding our businesses into new markets and making strategic investments and acquisitions. See Note 1 to Bioceres’ combined financial statements included elsewhere in this report.

 

Our ability to generate cash is subject to our performance, general economic conditions, industry trends and other factors. To the extent that net proceeds resulting from the business combination, combined with existing cash and cash equivalents are insufficient to fund our future activities and requirements, we may need to raise additional funds through public or private equity or debt financing. If we issue equity securities in order to raise additional funds, substantial dilution to existing shareholders may occur. If we raise cash through the issuance of indebtedness, we may be subject to additional contractual restrictions on our business. We cannot assure the investor that we would be able to raise additional funds on favorable terms or at all.

 

Cash flows

 

Set forth below is a comparative discussion of our cash flows, which includes cash flows from discontinued operations.

 

Combined Statement of Cash Flows

 

The tables below illustrate our combined statement of cash flows for the periods indicated:

 

 

 

Three-month Period Ended
September 30,

 

Year Ended
June 30,

 

Six-month
period
Ended June
30,

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2018

 

2017

 

2018

 

2017

 

2016

 

2015

 

 

 

(unaudited)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(US$)

 

Combined statement of cash flow of Bioceres:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities

 

(329,394

)

(5,685,244

)

9,036,893

 

(1,004,055

)

(2,019,885

)

(1,118,524

)

Net cash flows used in investing activities

 

(397,815

)

(2,474,403

)

(8,219,684

)

(5,857,749

)

(41,868,228

)

(5,594

)

Net cash flows provided by (used in) financing activities

 

1,768,087

 

7,925, 212

 

(281,584

)

7,558,385

 

44,850,486

 

1,107,951

 

 

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Three-month Period Ended
September 30,

 

Year Ended
June 30,

 

Six-month
period
Ended June
30,

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2018

 

2017

 

2018

 

2017

 

2016

 

2015

 

 

 

(unaudited)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(US$)

 

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

 

1,040,878

 

(234,435

)

535,625

 

696,581

 

962,373

 

(16,167

)

 

Net cash flows provided by / (used in) operating activities

 

Cash used in operating activities for the three-month period ended September 30, 2018 amounted to US$0.3 million. Our loss of US$3.6 million, non-cash negative adjustments for income tax credit of US$2.0 million and a negative charges financials result accrued of US$1.6 million, were offset by proceeds from working capital adjustments of US$5.3 million, interest and exchange differences from borrowings of US$0.6 million and non-cash positive adjustments relating primarily to depreciation and amortization charges of US$0.8 million. Working capital is made up of trade and other receivables, income and minimum-presumed income taxes, inventories, trade and other payables, employee benefits and social security, deferred revenue and advances from customers, income and minimum presumed income taxes payable and government grants.

 

Cash used in operating activities for the three-month period ended September 30, 2017 amounted to US$5.7 million. Our loss of US$0.6 million, non-cash negative adjustments for interests and exchange differences from borrowings of US$3.0 million and a negative variation in net working capital of US$3.7 million were offset by non-cash positive adjustments relating primarily to depreciation and amortization charges of US$1.2 million and charges of impairment of trade debtors of US$0.4 million and gain on sale of equipment and intangible assets of US$0.4 million.

 

Cash provided by operating activities for the year ended June 30, 2018 amounted to US$9.0 million. Our loss of US$14.3 million and non-cash negative adjustments for income tax credit of US$10.9 million and changes in fair value of financial assets of US$1.4 million were partially offset by working capital inflow of US$5.7 million, non-cash positive adjustments relating primarily to financial results of US$9.8 million, interests and exchange differences from borrowings of US$11.8 million, depreciation and amortization charges of US$4.4 million.

 

Cash used in operating activities for the Transition Period amounted to US$1.0 million. Our loss of US$8.4 million, non-cash negative adjustments for income tax credit of US$2.8 million and changes in fair value of financial assets of US$4.3 million were partially offset by a positive variation in net working capital of US$2.9 million and non-cash positive adjustments relating primarily to interest, exchanges differences and other financial results accrued of US$7.9 million, depreciation and amortization charges of US$2.7 million and charges for our share in the results of joint ventures of US$0.6 million and charges for allowance for impairment of trade debtors and obsolescence of US$0.5 million.

 

Cash used in operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2016 amounted to US$2.0 million. Our loss of US$6.2 million, non-cash negative adjustments for income tax credit of US$1.9 million, changes in fair value of financial assets of US$0.7 million combined with working capital requirements of US$6.3 million, were partially offset by non-cash positive adjustments relating primarily to interest, exchanges differences and other financial results accrued of US$9.9 million, depreciation and amortization charges of US$1.0 million, charges for our share in the results of joint ventures of US$0.7 million and charges for allowance for impairment of trade debtors, obsolescence and contingencies of US$1.4 million.

 

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Cash used in operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2015 amounted to US$1.1 million. Our loss of US$1.2 million and working capital requirements of US$1.9 million were partially offset by non-cash positive adjustments relating primarily to charges for our share in the results of joint ventures of US$0.8 million, an income tax benefit of US$0.7 million and charges for allowance for impairment of trade debtors and obsolescence of US$0.3 million.

 

Net cash flows used in investing activities

 

Cash used in investing activities for the three-month period ended September 30, 2018 amounted to US$0.4 million and was primarily attributable to investments in property, plant and equipment of US$0.1 million and capitalized development expenditures relating to intangible assets of US$0.3 million.

 

Cash used in investing activities for the three-month period ended September 30, 2017 amounted to US$2.5 million and was primarily attributable to loans to joint ventures of US$2.1 million and investments in property, plant and equipment of US$0.3 million.

 

Cash used in investing activities for the year ended June 30, 2018 amounted to US$8.2 million and was primarily attributable to investments in property, plant and equipment of US$2.8 million, purchases and capitalized development expenditures relating to intangible assets of US$2.9 million and loans to joint ventures in which we participate of US$2.6 million.

 

Cash used in investing activities for the Transition Period amounted to US$5.8 million and was primarily attributable to loans to joint ventures of US$2.4 million and purchases and capitalized development expenditures relating to intangible assets of US$2.9 million.

 

Cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2016 amounted to US$41.9 million and was primarily attributable to the Rizobacter Acquisition of US$40.7 million and purchase of property, plant and equipment of US$0.6 million.

 

Cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2015 amounted to US$5,594 attributable to purchase of intangible assets.

 

Net cash flows provided by / (used in) financing activities

 

Cash generated from financing activities for the three-month period ended September 30, 2018 amounted to US$1.8 million and consisted of net proceeds from bank borrowings of US$16.1 million, partially offset by repayment of borrowings and interest payments of US$13.2 million.

 

Cash generated from financing activities for the three-month period ended September 30, 2017 amounted to US$7.9 million and consisted of proceeds from bank borrowings of US$72.7 million, partially offset by repayment of borrowings and interest payments of US$65.1 million.

 

Cash used in financing activities for the year ended June 30, 2018 amounted to US$0.3 million and consisted repayments of bank borrowings for US$56.2 million, partially offset by proceeds of US$55.3 million raised from bank borrowings.

 

Cash generated from financing activities for the Transition Period amounted to US$7.6 million and consisted of proceeds of US$60.6 million raised from bank borrowings, partially offset by the repayment of bank borrowings for US$50.0 million.

 

Cash generated from financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2016 amounted to US$44.8 million and consisted of proceeds raised from issuance of preferred shares in the amount of US$42.0 million (to fund the cash consideration of the Rizobacter Acquisition), bank borrowings for US$10.5 million, partially offset by repayments of bank borrowings and interest payments of US$6.4 million.

 

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Cash generated from financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2015 amounted to US$1.1 million and consisted of bank borrowings.

 

Indebtedness

 

As of September 30, 2018, our total outstanding borrowings were US$92.9 million, which consists of US$71.2 million of current borrowings, including US$45.1 million of the short-term portion of long-term loans, US$9.1 million in discounted checks, US$11.7 million in BAF loans, US$5.2 million in loans from the Parent and US$0.2 million of bank overdraft and US$21.7 million of non-current borrowings, consisting of long-term loans and credit facilities.

 

Our borrowings denominated in Argentine pesos as of September 30, 2018 amounted to US$13.3 million and include loans for US$10.6 million that bear fixed interest rates ranging from 20% to 75%, and loans for US$2.7 million that bear variable interest rates that ranged from 25% to 61%. Our borrowings denominated in currencies other than the Argentine peso as of September 30, 2018 amounted to US$79.6 million that bear fixed interest rates ranging from 3% to 9.9%. Of our total outstanding borrowings as of September 30, 2018, US$48.6 million was unsecured, US$30.1 million was secured by certain receivables, by checks for US$9.1 million, by time deposits for US$4.5 million and certain property and plant and equipment for US$0.5 million.

 

Additionally, as of September 30, 2018 we had liabilities for financed payments relating to the acquisition of Rizobacter of US$23.3 million, consisting of US$20.6 million of current financed payments and US$2.7 million of non-current financed payments.

 

Rizobacter Facility

 

In order to finance working capital and improve our capital structure, we consummated a syndicated loan facility for up to US$45 million among Rizobacter and a group of banks including Banco de Galicia y Buenos Aires S.A., as administrative agent (the “Syndicated Loan Facility”), with a first installment of US$22 million funded in March 2017 and a second installment of US$23 million funded in April 2017. The terms of the syndicated loan dictate a final maturity in 48 months, with quarterly interest payments at a 6.5% annual rate, and 13 quarterly principal repayments after a one-year grace period. As of September 30, 2018, there was US$34.7 million outstanding under the Syndicated Loan Facility.

 

The proceeds of the Syndicated Loan Facility were used to fund repayment of Rizobacter’s short-term borrowings and working capital needs. The facility is guaranteed with a portion of Rizobacter’s cash flows, a US$4.5 million dedicated term deposit and by Bioceres S.A. The Syndicated Loan Facility includes certain standard representations and warranties on behalf of Rizobacter and certain covenants, including limitations on the change of control, i.e., reduction of our shareholding in Rizobacter’s capital stock, and on dividends by Rizobacter and payments to shareholders of Rizobacter while the loan facility is effective. The Syndicated Loan Facility limits lending by Rizobacter in favor of any affiliate for an amount in excess of US$5 million. The facility also contemplates certain financial covenants which may limit Rizobacter’s ability to incur additional debt, requiring a ratio of financial debt to EBITDA of no more than 3x, interest coverage ratios ranging from 1.2x to 2x over the course of the loan and limitations placed on the overall ratio of liabilities to assets ranging from 0.85x to 0.8x over the course of the loan. As of June 30, 2018, due to macroeconomic conditions in Argentina, Rizobacter failed to comply with certain financial ratio covenants under the Syndicated Loan Facility and obtained a waiver from the majority lenders. See “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks related to Our Business—Our substantial indebtedness could adversely affect our financial condition.”

 

C.                  Research and Development, Patents and Licenses, etc.

 

For a discussion of our research and development policy, see “Item 4. Information on the Company—B. Business Overview—The Technology Sourcing and Product Development Timeline and Process”. For a discussion of patent and licenses, see “Item 4. Information on the Company—B. Business Overview—Intellectual Property.”

 

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D.                  Trend Information

 

For a discussion of trend information, see “—Operating Results—Factors affecting our results of operations.”

 

E.                  Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

 

We do not currently engage in, or have not engaged in for the periods presented, any off-balance sheet transactions, arrangements or obligations with unconsolidated entities or otherwise.

 

F.                   Tabular Disclosure of Contractual Obligations

 

The following table summarizes our contractual obligations as of June 30, 2018.

 

 

 

Payments Due by Period

 

 

 

Total

 

Up to One
Year

 

Between
One and
Three
Years

 

Between
Three
and
Five
Years

 

Subsequent
Years

 

 

 

(as of June 30, 2018)

 

Trade payables and other payables

 

27,660,416

 

27,660,416

 

 

 

 

 

 

Borrowings(1)

 

93,165,366

 

65,975,311

 

27,190,055

 

 

 

Financed payment - Acquisition of business(2)

 

23,797,500

 

20,860,000

 

2,937,500

 

 

 

Total

 

144,623,282

 

114,495,727

 

30,127,555

 

 

 

 


Notes:—

(1)               Total includes US$2,099,818 million of prospective interest. The outstanding amount without prospective interest as of June 30, 2018 is US$91,065,548.

(2)               Total includes US$992,891 of prospective interest. The outstanding amount without prospective interest as of June 30, 2018 is US$22,874,609.

 

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ITEM 6.                                                 DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES

 

A.                  Directors and Senior Management

 

Directors

 

The following persons (with ages as of the date of this report) are the directors and executive officers of Bioceres Crop Solutions.

 

Our Executive Officers and Directors

 

Name

 

Age

 

Position

Federico Trucco, Ph.D.

 

41

 

Chief Executive Officer and Executive Director

Enrique Lopez Lecube

 

36

 

Chief Financial Officer and Executive Director

Ricardo Yapur

 

60

 

Managing Director of Rizobacter Argentina S.A.

Gloria Montaron Estrada

 

47

 

General Counsel and Executive Director

Gerónimo Watson

 

40

 

Chief Technology Officer

Jorge Wagner

 

49

 

Chief Operating Officer

Carlos Camargo de Colón

 

51

 

Non-Executive Director

Natalia Zang

 

43

 

Non-Executive Director

Ari Freisinger

 

33

 

Non-Executive Director

Kyle P. Bransfield

 

34

 

Non-Executive Director

 

Biographical information for each member of our Board of Directors and senior management is set forth below.

 

Federico Trucco . Federico Trucco, Ph.D., has served as our chief executive officer since June 2011 and was appointed as a member of Bioceres S.A.’s board of directors in December 2014. He previously served in various positions at INDEAR including as general manager from 2009 to 2011, director of product development from 2008 to 2009 and research team leader of the Amaranth project from 2005 to 2009. Dr. Trucco also serves as president of Bioceres, Inc. and S&W Semillas, manager of Verdeca, a director of RASA Holding, Heritas and Rizobacter Argentina, and vice president of SEMYA and AGBM. Dr. Trucco received a Ph.D. in crop sciences and a CBA from the University of Illinois, a master of science degree in plant pathology and weed science from the Colorado State University and a bachelor’s degree in biochemistry from the Louisiana State University.

 

Enrique López Lecube . Enrique López Lecube has served as our chief financial officer since December 2017. He was appointed as executive member of the board of directors of Chemotécnica in December 2016. He has served as Manager for M&A and Corporate Finance at Lartirigoyen & Cia S.A. — a Glencore subsidiary — since 2016, where he has led transactions in the food, chemical and service industries and worked in the finance department to oversee 10 group entities. Previously, he worked as head trader from 2010 to 2016 at Lartirigoyen & Cia S.A. From 2008 to 2010, he worked at Cargill focusing on grain and oilseed. Mr. López Lecube received an MBA from Kellogg of School of Management of Northwestern University and a degree as an industrial engineer from ITBA (Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires).

 

Ricardo Yapur . Ricardo Yapur has served as Managing Director of Rizobacter since November 2013, and was appointed Vice-chairman of Rizobacter board of directors in October 2016. He previously served in various positions at Rizobacter. Mr. Yapur received a degree in agronomy from the National University of La Plata, Argentina.

 

Gloria Montaron Estrada . Gloria Montaron Estrada has served as our general counsel since March 2014. She previously served as an attorney at Marval, O’Farrell & Mairal in Buenos Aires for 16 years, where her

 

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practice as centered around intellectual property, corporate and banking matters. Ms. Montaron also serves as legal director and secretary of Bioceres, Inc., as secretary of RASA Holding, and as a director of INDEAR and AGBM. She received an LLM in intellectual property from the University of Palermo, Buenos Aires and a degree in Law from the University of Buenos Aires, Argentina.

 

Gerónimo Watson . Gerónimo Watson has served as our chief technology officer since June 2014. He previously served in several positions at INDEAR, including as director of product development from 2011 to 2014, head of technology testing and field operations until 2011 and as a member of the Amaranth project starting in 2005. Mr. Watson also serves as a director of Trigall and Verdeca and as chief technology officer of Bioceres, Inc. Mr. Watson received a master’s degree in agronomy from the Kansas State University and a degree in agronomy from the Catholic University of Cordoba, Argentina.

 

Jorge Wagner . Jorge Wagner has served as our chief operating officer since October 2016. He has also served as chief financial officer of Rizobacter since 2013. Prior to that, he served as regional chief financial officer (Paraguay, Uruguay, Argentina and Bolivia) of Syngenta Agro S.A. from 2010 to 2013. He received a CPA and an MBA from the University of Buenos Aires, Argentina.

 

Carlos Camargo de Colón . Carlos Ivan Camargo de Colón is the director of business development and investor relations of Bioceres S.A. Carlos has extensive experience in both the agriculture and energy sectors with over 25 years of experience, having held positions in Brazil, the United States, the United Kingdom and the United Arab Emirates. Prior to joining Bioceres, Carlos was based in Dubai as managing director at Peregrine Advisors, where he focused on agricultural opportunities in Africa and Brazil. While in Dubai he was also a special advisor to Expo 2020 on disruptive technologies in the energy sector. Prior to this, he was an investment banker for over 15 years at UBS Investment Bank and Morgan Stanley. He received a bachelor’s degree in history from Columbia University in the City of New York. Carlos is also a board member of Fundação Cruz de Malta, a Brazilian based charity which focuses on assisting disadvantaged children and young mothers, and a board member of British Friends of Campos, a UK based charity with a focus on education.

 

Natalia Zang . Natalia Zang is a business leader with 20 years of experience in private equity and corporate finance, both in Latin America, Europe and Australia. She held C-level positions in several industries, including mining, retail, and real estate. In late 2015, Natalia joined the Macri administration in Argentina, initially as Undersecretary for the Chief of Staff and then as General Coordinator of the G20. Natalia is a sought-after lecturer on business and women leadership issues.

 

Ari Freisinger . Ari Freisinger was a Principal at Highfields Capital from 2010-2018. Prior to that, he served as an investment banker at Barclays Capital in the mergers & acquisitions group. Mr. Freisinger received a master’s degree in economics and social history from the University of Oxford and a bachelor’s degree in economics from Columbia University. He currently serves on the board of the Jewish Family Service of Metrowest, a philanthropic organization in the greater Boston area.

 

Kyle P. Bransfield . Kyle P. Bransfield has served as our Chief Executive Officer and a director since December 2017. Mr. Bransfield is a Partner of Atlantic-Pacific Capital, Inc. and has lead the firm’s global direct private placement and structured investment activities since 2015. Mr. Bransfield has over 11 years of experience in direct equity and debt private markets principal investing, capital raising, and investment banking. Prior to joining Atlantic-Pacific, Mr. Bransfield was an investment banker in Sagent Advisors’ Private Financing Solutions Group from 2014 to 2015. Prior to Sagent, Mr. Bransfield spent five years from 2009 to 2014 as a Principal and General Partner at CS Capital Partners, a Philadelphia-based multi-family office focused on alternative investments. In his role there, he co-managed a portfolio of direct investments, served as an observer to several boards of directors, and fulfilled operating roles within portfolio companies. In 2006, Mr. Bransfield began his career in the Mergers & Acquisitions Group at Stifel Nicolaus Weisel. Mr. Bransfield received a B.S. in Business Administration from American University. UAC management believes Mr. Bransfield is well qualified to serve as a director due to his contacts and business experience.

 

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B.                  Compensation

 

Remuneration of Directors and Senior Management

 

Summary Compensation Table

 

The following table presents information regarding the compensation of certain of Bioceres S.A. executive officers (who currently serve as executive officers of the Company) for services rendered during the fiscal years ended June 30, 2017 and June 30, 2018. The value of the option awards is determined by the value of the latest capital increase at Bioceres S.A., approved by its shareholders at a shareholders’ meeting.

 

 

 

 

 

Salary

 

Bonus

 

Option
Awards

 

All Other
Compensation

 

Total

 

Name and Principal Position

 

Year

 

(US$)

 

(US$)

 

(US$)

 

(US$)

 

(US$)

 

Federico Trucco

 

2018

 

143,126

 

 

 

 

143,126

 

Chief Executive Officer

 

2017

 

143,136

 

 

 

 

143,136

 

Enrique Lopez Lecube

 

2018

 

97,843

 

 

 

 

97,843

 

Chief Financial Officer

 

2017

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gloria Montaron Estrada

 

2018

 

144,846

 

 

 

 

144,846

 

General Counsel and Executive Director

 

2017

 

142,135

 

 

 

 

142,135

 

Ricardo Yapur

 

2018

 

235,208

 

 

 

 

235,208

 

Managing Director of Rizobacter Argentina S.A.

 

2017

 

196,120

 

95,955

(1)

 

 

292,074

 

Geronimo Watson

 

2018

 

101,335

 

 

 

 

101,335

 

Director of Technology and Products

 

2017

 

99,890

 

 

 

 

99,890

 

 


Note:—

(1)               See “—Rizobacter Annual Bonuses.”

 

Kyle P. Bransfield, who was the Chief Executive Officer/Director of the board of UAC and who has been appointed as our non-executive director, did not receive any cash compensation, stock options or stock appreciation rights or any other awards under long-term incentive plans for services rendered to UAC.

 

Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year End

 

The following table provides information regarding outstanding stock options held by Bioceres S.A. executive officers (who currently serve as executive officers of the Company) as of June 30, 2018.

 

Name

 

Number of
Securities
Underlying
Unexercised
Options
(#) Exercisable

 

Number of
Securities
Underlying
Unexercised
Options
(#) Unexercisable

 

Option
Exercise
Prize
(US$)

 

Option
Issuance Date

 

Option
Expiration Date

 

Gloria Montaron

 

 

101,120

(1)

7.91

 

December 16, 2015

 

April, 2019

 

Federico Trucco

 

 

240,160

(1)

7.91

 

December 16, 2015

 

April, 2019

 

 

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Name

 

Number of
Securities
Underlying
Unexercised
Options
(#) Exercisable

 

Number of
Securities
Underlying
Unexercised
Options
(#) Unexercisable

 

Option
Exercise
Prize
(US$)

 

Option
Issuance Date

 

Option
Expiration Date

 

Gerónimo Watson

 

 

120,080

(1)

7.91

 

December 16, 2015

 

April, 2019

 

Grants

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Jorge Wagner

 

 

90,000

(2)

7.91

 

June 30, 2018

 

June 30, 2021

 

Ricardo Yapur

 

 

90,000

(3)

7.91

 

June 30, 2018

 

June 30, 2021

 

 


Notes:—

(1)               Stock options authorized and granted as of April 1, 2017 at a price of US$7.91, which can be exercised up two years after April 2017. See “—Equity Incentive Plans of Bioceres S.A.”

(2)               Stock grants authorized as of June 30, 2018 at a price of US$7.91, or an earn out of up to US$990,900, at beneficiary’s election. The stock grants and or the earn out clause can be exercised in two tranches for 45,000 shares or US$499,950 in cash, in each tranche if the financial milestones provided therein are achieved. See “—Equity Incentive Plans of Bioceres S.A.”

(3)               Stock grants authorized as of June 30, 2018 at a price of US$7.91, or an earn out of up to US$990,900, at beneficiary´s election. The stock grants and or the earn out clause can be exercised in two tranches for 45,000 shares or US$499,950 in cash, in each tranche if the financial milestones provided therein are achieved. See “—Equity Incentive Plans of Bioceres S.A.”

 

Equity Incentive Plans of Bioceres S.A.

 

On December 17, 2014, Bioceres S.A.’s shareholders approved a stock option incentive plan permitting option grants exercisable into up to 1,264,000 ordinary shares (“Stock Option Incentive Plan”) and a stock grant incentive plan permitting stock grants of up to 1,264,000 ordinary shares (the “Stock Grant Incentive Plan,” and, collectively with the Stock Option Incentive Plan, the “Equity Incentive Plans”). On August 25, 2015, the board of directors of Bioceres S.A. authorized the issuance of stock options under the Stock Option Incentive Plan to certain Bioceres S.A. executives, officers and directors with whom Bioceres S.A. had executed individual stock option agreements. Such stock options were exercisable into 808,960 ordinary shares, with an exercise price of US$7.91 per share and a vesting date of April 1, 2017, which will remain exercisable until two years after the vesting date. The board of directors of Bioceres S.A. also authorized the issuance of stock grants of 902,487 ordinary shares under the Stock Grant Incentive Plan to certain Bioceres S.A. executives, officers and directors with whom it had executed individual grant agreements with respect to 362,148 ordinary shares, of which 2,148 has already been granted and the remaining 360,000 ordinary shares have different vesting dates between June 2018 to June 2022.

 

Eligibility. Certain members of the Bioceres S.A. board of directors, management and other critical personnel are eligible for stock options and grants under the Equity Incentive Plans. Stock options and grants that are directed to members of the compensation committee under the Equity Incentive Plans require approval by Bioceres S.A. board of directors.

 

Administration . The Equity Incentive Plans approved by the shareholders are administered by the compensation committee of Bioceres S.A. The committee has authority to grant the stock options and grants under the Equity Incentive Plans in accordance with the terms and conditions of the Equity Incentive Plans already approved by the Bioceres S.A. board of directors and to take any actions deemed necessary or advisable in connection therewith, including, without limitation, the authority to appoint beneficiaries, determine the amount of stock options or shares to be granted, determine the price and timing for the exercise of stock options as well as the issuance of stock grants and settle disputes involving the Equity Incentive Plans.

 

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Rizobacter Annual Bonuses

 

The Rizobacter Annual Bonus is an annual cash incentive bonus awarded to Rizobacter employees to tie a portion of their compensation to financial and operational objectives achievable within the applicable fiscal year according to a target. Each year Rizobacter determines the objectives and other terms and conditions of the annual cash bonuses for all its employees.

 

Amount set aside for pension, retirement or similar benefits

 

The total amounts set aside or accrued by the Company to provide pension, retirement or similar benefits was $1,523,412 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2018, and $227,327 for the first quarter ended September 30, 2018, pursuant to the applicable law.

 

Compensation Guidelines

 

We intend to develop an executive compensation program that is consistent with Bioceres’ existing compensation policies and philosophies, which are designed to align compensation with Bioceres Crop Solutions’ business objectives and the creation of shareholder value, while enabling Bioceres Crop Solutions to attract, motivate and retain individuals who contribute to the long-term success of Bioceres Crop Solutions.

 

Decisions on the executive compensation program will be made our Board of Directors. The following discussion is based on the present expectations as to the executive compensation program to be adopted our Board of Directors. The executive compensation program actually adopted will depend on the judgment of the members of our Board of Directors and may differ from that set forth in the following discussion.

 

Bioceres Crop Solutions anticipates that decisions regarding executive compensation will reflect its belief that the executive compensation program must be competitive in order to attract and retain Bioceres Crop Solutions’ executive officers. Bioceres Crop Solutions anticipates that our Board of Directors will seek to implement compensation policies and philosophies by linking a significant portion of BIOX’s executive officers’ cash compensation to performance objectives and by providing a portion of their compensation as long-term incentive compensation in the form of equity awards.

 

Bioceres Crop Solutions anticipates that compensation for its executive officers will have two primary components: base salary and equity-based awards to be approved by the compensation committee.

 

Base Salary

 

It has been Bioceres’ historical practice to ensure that base salary is fair to the executive officers, competitive within the industry and reasonable in light of Bioceres’ cost structure. Our Board of Directors will determine base salaries, subject to the terms of any employment agreements, and will review base salaries annually based upon advice and counsel of its advisors.

 

Equity-Based Awards

 

Bioceres Crop Solutions intends to use equity-based awards to reward long-term performance of the named executive officers. Bioceres Crop Solutions believes that providing a meaningful portion of the total compensation package in the form of equity-based awards will align the incentives of its named executive officers with the interests of its shareholders and serve to motivate and retain the individual named executive officers.

 

Executive Agreements

 

Bioceres Crop Solutions anticipates that it will put in place a policy to pay and compensate key executives as appropriate to attract, retain and compensate executive talent following the business combination and that said policies will be subject to approval by our Board of Directors.

 

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Other Compensation

 

Bioceres Crop Solutions expects to continue to maintain various employee benefit plans, including medical plans, in which the named executive officers will participate. Bioceres Crop Solutions also expects to continue to provide certain perquisites to its named executive officers, subject to our Board of Directors’ ongoing review.

 

Deductibility of Executive Compensation

 

Section 162(m) of the Code denies a federal income tax deduction for certain compensation in excess of US$1.0 million per year paid to certain current and former executive officers of a publicly traded corporation.

 

Director Compensation

 

Our Board of Directors will establish a compensation program for independent directors, which consists of an annual retainer and committee fees for their service as directors. Bioceres Crop Solutions will also reimburse its independent directors for reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with the performance of their duties as directors, including, without limitation, travel expenses in connection with their attendance in-person at board and committee meetings. Directors who are employees will not receive any compensation for their services as directors.

 

C.                  Board Practices

 

Our Articles provide that the Board of Directors must comprise at least one member. Our board currently consists of seven (7) directors.  Each of our directors will have a term that expires at BIOX’s annual general meeting of shareholders in 2020, or until their respective successors are duly elected and qualified, or until their earlier resignation, removal or death.

 

Audit Committee

 

Our audit committee consists of Messrs. Kyle P. Bransfield, Natalia Zang and Ari Freisinger, with Ari Freisinger serving as the chair of the audit committee. Each of Messrs. Kyle P. Bransfield, Natalia Zang and Ari Freisinger meets the applicable audit committee independence standards. Ari Freisinger qualifies as an “audit committee financial expert,” as such term is defined in applicable SEC rules.

 

Bioceres Crop Solutions’ audit committee will, among other matters, oversee (1) its financial reporting, auditing and internal control activities; (2) the integrity and audits of its financial statements; (3) its compliance with legal and regulatory requirements; (4) the qualifications and independence of its independent auditors; (5) the performance of its internal audit function and independent auditors; and (6) its overall risk exposure and management. Duties of the audit committee will also include the following:

 

·                        annually review and assess the adequacy of the audit committee charter and the performance of the audit committee;

 

·                        be responsible for recommending the appointment, retention and termination of Bioceres Crop Solutions’ independent auditors and determine the compensation of the independent auditors;

 

·                        review the plans and results of the audit engagement with the independent auditors;

 

·                        evaluate the qualifications, performance and independence of the independent auditors;

 

·                        have sole authority to approve in advance all audit and non-audit services by the independent auditors, the scope and terms thereof and the fees therefor;

 

·                        review the adequacy of Bioceres Crop Solutions’ internal accounting controls; and

 

·                        meet at least quarterly with Bioceres Crop Solutions’ executive officers, internal audit staff and independent auditors in separate executive sessions.

 

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Our Board of Directors adopted a written charter for the audit committee, which is available free of charge on Bioceres Crop Solutions’ corporate website at biocerescrops.com. The information on Bioceres Crop Solutions’ website is not part of this report.

 

Compensation Committee

 

Bioceres Crop Solutions’ compensation committee consists of Federico Trucco, Ari Freisinger and Kyle P. Bransfield, with Federico Trucco serving as the chair of the compensation committee. As a result of Bioceres Crop Solutions’ status as a “controlled company” under the rules of the NYSE following the consummation of the business combination, we are not required to have a compensation committee. However, we will have a compensation committee, the majority of which consists of independent directors.

 

The compensation committee will have the sole authority to retain and terminate any compensation consultant, to assist in the evaluation of employee compensation and to approve consultants’ fees and the other terms and conditions of consultants’ retention. The compensation committee will also, among other matters:

 

·                        assist the board of directors in developing and evaluating potential candidates for executive officer positions and oversee the development of executive succession plans;

 

·                        administer, review and make recommendations to our Board of Directors regarding Bioceres Crop Solutions’ compensation plans;

 

·                        annually review and approve Bioceres Crop Solutions’ corporate goals and objectives with respect to compensation for executive officers and, at least annually, evaluate each executive officer’s performance in light of such goals and objectives to set his or her annual compensation, including salary, bonus and any equity and non-equity incentive compensation, subject to approval by our Board of Directors;

 

·                        provide oversight of management’s decisions regarding the performance, evaluation and compensation of other officers; and

 

·                        review Bioceres Crop Solutions’ incentive compensation arrangements to confirm that incentive pay does not encourage unnecessary risk-taking and review and discuss, at least annually, the relationship between risk management policies and practices, business strategy and executive officer compensation.

 

Nominating and Governance Committee

 

Bioceres Crop Solutions’ nominating and governance committee consists of Carlos Camargo de Colón, Ari Freisinger and Kyle P. Bransfield, with Carlos Camargo de Colón serving as the chair of the nominating and governance committee. As a result of Bioceres Crop Solutions’ status as a “controlled company” under the rules of the NYSE following the consummation of the business combination, we are not required to have a nominating and governance committee. However, we will have a nominating and governance committee, the majority of which consists of independent directors. The nominating and governance committee will, among other matters:

 

·                        evaluate the independence of directors and nominate individuals to serve as directors;

 

·                        review the committee structure of our Board of Directors and recommend directors to serve as members or chairs of each committee of our Board of Directors;

 

·                        review and recommend committee slates annually and recommend additional committee members to fill vacancies as needed;

 

·                        develop and recommend to our Board of Directors a set of corporate governance guidelines applicable to Bioceres Crop Solutions and, at least annually, review such guidelines and recommend changes to our Board of Directors for approval as necessary; and

 

·                        oversee the annual self-evaluation of our Board of Directors.

 

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Code of Ethics

 

Bioceres Crop Solutions has adopted a Code of Ethics applicable to Bioceres Crop Solutions’ directors, executive officers and employees. The Code of Ethics codifies the business and ethical principles that govern all aspects of Bioceres Crop Solutions’ business. A copy of the Code of Ethics will be filed with the SEC and will be provided without charge upon written request to Bioceres Crop Solutions in writing at investorelations@biocerescrops.com. Bioceres Crop Solutions intends to disclose any amendments to or waivers of certain provisions of Bioceres Crop Solutions’ Code of Ethics in a Current Report on Form 6-K (as required) or on Bioceres Crop Solutions’ website.

 

NYSE corporate governance exemptions

 

We are a “controlled company” under the NYSE rules. Controlled companies under the NYSE rules are companies of which more than 50% of the voting power for the election of directors is held by an individual, a group or another company. The Parent will control more than 50% of the voting power of Bioceres Crop Solutions’ shares following the closing of the business combination, and, as a result, under the NYSE’s current listing standards, Bioceres Crop Solutions would qualify for and intends to rely on the controlled company exception under the corporate governance rules of the NYSE. As a controlled company, Bioceres Crop Solutions will not be required to have (1) a majority of “independent directors” on its board of directors or (2) a compensation committee and a nominating and governance committee.  The controlled company exception does not modify the independence requirements for the audit committee, and Bioceres Crop Solutions intends to comply with the requirements of the NYSE rules, which require that its audit committee be composed of at least three members, all of whom are independent directors.

 

D.                  Employees

 

As of September 30, 2018, we had 389 employees, of which 6.9% were involved in technology sourcing and product development. Our team’s expertise extends across multiple disciplines, including experts in biology, chemistry, plant genetics, agronomics, mathematics, computer science, process engineering and other related fields.

 

Our employees are located mainly in Argentina. The table below shows our employees by role as of the dates indicated and does not include employees of our research collaborators or joint venture partners.

 

 

 

As of
September 30,

 

As of June 30,

 

As of
December 31,

 

 

 

2018

 

2018

 

2017

 

2016

 

Management, administrative and sales

 

362

 

346

 

338

 

319

 

Research and development services

 

27

 

38

 

39

 

38

 

Total

 

389

 

384

 

377

 

357

 

 

E.                  Share Ownership

 

The table below sets forth information regarding the beneficial ownership of our ordinary shares as of the date of this report, by our directors and senior management and major shareholders. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—B. Business Overview—Recent Developments.” For purposes of this table, a person is deemed to have “beneficial ownership” of any shares as of a given date which such person has the right to acquire within 60 days after such date. For purposes of computing the percentage of outstanding shares held by each person, or group of persons, named below on a given date, any security which such person or persons has the right to acquire within 60 days after such date is deemed to be outstanding, but is not deemed to be outstanding for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of any other person. Except as otherwise indicated, the holders listed below have sole voting and investment power with respect to all shares beneficially owned by them. They have the same voting rights as all other holders of ordinary shares.

 

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Beneficial owners

 

Number of
shares

 

% owned

 

Federico Trucco

 

4,885

 

*

 

Enrique López Lecube

 

 

 

Ricardo Yapur

 

 

 

Gloria Montaron Estrada

 

 

 

Gerónimo Watson

 

2,092

 

*

 

Jorge Wagner

 

 

 

Carlos Camargo de Colón

 

 

 

Natalia Zang

 

 

 

Ari Freisinger

 

 

 

Kyle P. Bransfield(1)

 

130,403

 

*

 

All directors and executive officers of Bioceres as a Group (ten individuals)

 

137,380

 

*

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5% Shareholders

 

 

 

 

 

Bioceres LLC(2)

 

26,978,674

 

74.7

 

International Property Service Corp.(3)

 

2,018,084

 

5.6

 

 


Notes:—

*                  Less than 1%

(1)          Includes shares held by Union Acquisition Associates, LLC, an entity controlled by Mr. Bransfield.

(2)          Represents shares held by Bioceres LLC, a limited liability company incorporated under the laws of Delaware, with its registered office at 1209 Orange Street, Wilmington 19801-1120, County of New Castle. Bioceres LLC is wholly owned by Bioceres S.A., a company organized under the laws of Argentina with its registered office at Ocampo 2010bis, Predio CCT, Rosario, Argentina. As a result, Bioceres S.A. may be deemed to be the ultimate beneficial owner of shares of common stock held by Bioceres LLC. 15.7% of Bioceres S.A.’s equity interest is owned by BAF Latam Credit Fund B.V.

(3)          Represents shares held by International Property Service Corp., upon the exercise of the Rizobacter Call Option.  International Property Service Corp. is a company incorporated under the laws of the Republic of Panama, with its registered office at Calle 50, Edificio Plaza 2000, piso 19, Panamá, República de Panamá.

 

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ITEM 7.                                                 MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

 

A.                  Major Shareholders

 

Please refer to “Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees—E. Share Ownership”.

 

B.                  Related Party Transactions

 

Relationship with the Parent

 

As of the date of this report, the Parent owns approximately 74.7% of Bioceres Crop Solutions’ ordinary shares and continues to exercise control over the composition of the Board of Directors and any other action requiring the approval of the shareholders of Bioceres Crop Solution. See “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks Related to UAC and the Business Combination—Bioceres S.A. will control us, and its interests may conflict with yours in the future.”

 

Rizobacter Shareholders’ Agreement

 

In connection with the acquisition of Rizobacter by RASA Holding, RASA Holding has entered into an agreement with certain existing shareholders of Rizobacter, or the Rizobacter Shareholders’ Agreement. Through the Rizobacter Shareholders’ Agreement, RASA Holding has control over a supermajority of 80% of the voting shares of Rizobacter. The Rizobacter Shareholders’ Agreement grants to RASA Holding (i) a right of first refusal for any transfer of shares owned by certain existing shareholders on the same terms as the relevant firm offer, (ii) the right to appoint a majority of the board of directors of Rizobacter, including the chairman, and the right to choose two of the three members of the Supervisory Committee of Rizobacter and (iii) the commitment of certain existing shareholders to vote in the shareholders meetings in accordance with the instructions of RASA Holding. The Rizobacter Shareholders’ Agreement also restricts the existing shareholders’ ability to sell shares to third parties in accordance with the terms of the tag-along rights and drag-along rights, as applicable, for approved sales of shares to third parties as set forth therein.

 

Policy Concerning Related Party Transactions

 

Our Board of Directors has adopted a written policy (the “related person transaction approval policy”), for the review of any transaction, arrangement or relationship in which it is a participant, if the amount involved exceeds US$120,000 and one of Bioceres Crop Solutions’ executive officers, directors, director nominees or beneficial holders of more than 5% of Bioceres Crop Solutions’ total equity (or their immediate family members), each of whom we refer to as a related person, has a direct or indirect material interest.

 

A copy of the related person transaction approval policy is available on Bioceres Crop Solutions’ website.

 

Corporate Services Agreements with Bioceres S.A.

 

On July 4, 2017 Bioceres Semillas entered into a corporate services agreement with Bioceres S.A.

 

Term. One-year term from the date of effectiveness. Once the initial one-year term expires, the parties can agree to extend the term of the original contract for another year and can do so indefinitely. On July 4, 2018, the agreement was renewed for an additional one year.

 

Services . Each contract typically covers day-to-day operations and services, including administrative services, human resources, accounting, supervision of personnel, management, as well as compliance with laws and regulations.

 

Compensation . Bioceres Semillas must pay an amount equal to US$112,553 in 12 installments, which are invoiced on a monthly basis.

 

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Intellectual Property . Under each contract, Bioceres S.A. will gain ownership over all intellectual property rights that arise from services rendered. The intellectual property rights include, but are not limited to, patents, trademarks, trade secrets and know how.

 

Confidentiality . The parties have agreed to keep the terms of each contract confidential, subject to certain exceptions, during the term of the contract and for a period of ten years after termination of the contract.

 

Indemnification . Bioceres S.A. has agreed to indemnify Bioceres Semillas for any liability that arises out of the performance of the services under each contract.

 

Corporate Services Agreements with Rizobacter

 

On July 4, 2018, Bioceres Semillas entered into a services agreement with Rizobacter Argentina S.A. (the “Rizobacter Corporate Agreement”), pursuant to which Rizobacter Argentina S.A. provides day-to-day operations support and services, which includes marketing, financial operations, management, communications and strategy for business development.

 

Term . One-year term from the date of effectiveness of the Rizobacter Corporate Agreement. Once the initial one-year term expires, the parties can agree to extend the term of the Rizobacter Corporate Agreement for one year and can do so indefinitely.

 

Compensation . Bioceres Semillas must pay an amount equal to US$51,392.00 in 12 instalments, which are invoiced on monthly basis.

 

Indemnification . Rizobacter Argentina S.A. has agreed to indemnify Bioceres Semillas for any liability that arises out of the performance of the services under the Rizobacter Corporate Agreement.

 

Research and Development Services Agreements with INDEAR

 

In connection with R&D services, Bioceres Semillas and Rizobacter Argentina S.A. typically enter into agreements with INDEAR.

 

Rizobacter Term . One-year term from the date of effectiveness of the Rizobacter Research and Development Agreement. Once the initial one-year term expires, the parties can agree to extend the term of the Agreement for one year and can do so indefinitely.

 

Bioceres Semillas Term . Two-year term from the date of effectiveness. Once the initial two-year term expires, the parties can agree to extend the term of the original contract for another two years and can do so indefinitely.

 

Rizobacter Compensation . Rizobacter Argentina S.A. must pay an amount equal to US$54,417 in 12 instalments, which are invoiced on a monthly basis.

 

Bioceres Semillas Compensation . In return for the services provided by INDEAR, Bioceres Semillas must pay INDEAR a sum equal to the costs of services rendered plus 15% of such amount. These fees will be calculated in accordance with an itemized schedule and are invoiced on a quarterly basis.

 

Intellectual Property . Under each contract, INDEAR’s counterparties will gain ownership over all intellectual property rights that arise from services rendered. The intellectual property rights include, but are not limited to, patents, trademarks, plant variety rights, trade secrets, and any intellectual property rights that arise out of the R&D services.

 

Confidentiality. The parties have agreed to keep the terms of the contract confidential, subject to certain exceptions, during the term of the contract and for a period of five years after effectiveness and/or termination of the contract.

 

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Indemnification . INDEAR has agreed to indemnify each of the counterparties for any liability that arises out of the performance of R&D services.

 

License Agreements

 

Trigall Genetics S.A.

 

License agreement dated December 19, 2013, between Bioceres Inc. (which assigned the agreement to BCS Holding pursuant to the Reorganization) and Trigall Genetics S.A. (the “Trigall License Agreement”), pursuant to which Bioceres Inc. granted to Trigall Genetics S.A. the exclusive license of HB4 Technology in wheat for research and commercial use of wheat in Argentina, Paraguay, Brazil and Uruguay.

 

Term. The Trigall License Agreement will remain in full force and effect until the date of dissolution of Trigall Genetics S.A.

 

Reservation of Rights . Bioceres Inc. reserved the rights to research, develop, make or use (but not to sell, offer to sell or otherwise commercially exploit) HB4 Technology solely for research purposes, during the term of the Trigall License Agreement within the defined territory of Argentina, Paraguay, Brazil and Uruguay.

 

Service Agreements to Joint Ventures

 

Trigall Genetics S.A., FD Admiral SAS, Bioceres Inc. and Instituto de Agrobiotecnología Rosario S.A.

 

The service agreement dated December 19, 2013, by and among Trigall Genetics S.A., FD Admiral SAS and its affiliate Florimond Desprez Veuve & Fils SAS, Bioceres Inc. (which assigned the agreement to BCS Holding pursuant to the Reorganization), Bioceres S.A. and Instituto de Agrobiotecnología Rosario S.A. (the “Trigall Service Agreement”), pursuant to which research and development services are provided by Bioceres Inc. and Florimond Desprez Veuve & Fils SAS through its affiliates.

 

Term. The Trigall Service Agreement will remain in full force and effect until the date of the dissolution of Trigall Genetics S.A.

 

Compensation . Trigall Genetics S.A. will pay to Bioceres Inc. and Florimond Desprez Veuve & Fils SAS for the services provided. The services and the budget for such services will be approved by the board of directors of Trigall in advance.

 

Intellectual Property . All rights, titles and interest in or to the results and/or the intellectual property related thereto will vest in and be owned by Trigall Genetics S.A. All rights, title and interest in or to the intellectual property furnished to Trigall Genetics S.A. by Bioceres Inc. or its affiliates and Florimond Desprez Veuve & Fils SAS or its affiliates in the framework of the Trigall Service Agreement remains owned by each party.

 

Arcadia Biosciences Inc. and Verdeca LLC

 

The service agreement dated January 1, 2017, by and among Bioceres Inc. (which assigned the agreement to BCS Holding pursuant to the Reorganization), Arcadia Biosciences Inc. and Verdeca LLC (the “Arcadia Biosciences Service Agreement”) pursuant to which research and development services are provided by Bioceres Inc. (which assigned the agreement to BCS Holding pursuant to the Reorganization) and Arcadia Biosciences Inc., as described in each annual work plan. The research and development services are focused on the development of soybean varieties having modified traits, which are produced or generated by means of the genetic modification or mutagenisis of soybeans.

 

Term. One-year term from the date of effectiveness of the Arcadia Biosciences Service Agreement.

 

Compensation. The services and the budget for such services budget shall be approved annually by the management committee of Verdeca LLC.

 

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Intellectual Property : The parties agreed that intellectual property rights may be developed and/or acquired, separately and/or jointly, by Arcadia Biosciences Inc. and by Bioceres Inc. respectively according with the terms and conditions of the licenses agreements to be granted by each party to Verdeca LLC.

 

Synertech Industrias

 

Service Agreement dated June 30, 2016, by and between Synertech Industrias S.A. and Rizobacter Argentina S.A. (the “Synertech Services Agreement”), detailing the services regarding the production and maintenance of the industrial facility.

 

Term. Three-year from date of effectiveness of the Synertech Services Agreement.

 

Compensation. Synertech Industrias S.A. will pay a man-hour per services on a monthly basis. Services and the budget for such services will be approved in advance each year by the board of directors of Synertech Industries S.A.

 

Rizobacter Argentina S.A. Loan Agreement

 

Bioceres Inc., as borrower, entered into a loan agreement with Rizobacter Argentina S.A., as lender, on October 17, 2017, which has been renewed by two amendments dated April 11, 2018 and dated October 11, 2018. The loan will mature on April 5, 2019 for an amount equal to US$2.5 million. The loan agreement has an annual interest rate of 10.9%. The aggregate amount outstanding under the loan as of September 30, 2018 was US$2.9 million.

 

Synertech Industrias S.A. Loan Facility Agreement

 

On February 22, 2018, Synertech Industrias S.A., as the borrower, entered into a revolving loan facility agreement with Rizobacter Argentina S.A., as the lender, for a period of one year ending on February 22, 2019, with an interest rate of 6.5%. The aggregate amount outstanding under the loan as of September 30, 2018 was US$5.9 million.

 

Bioceres Semillas Loan Facility Agreement

 

On July 4, 2018, Bioceres Semillas, as the borrower, entered into a revolving loan facility agreement with Rizobacter Argentina S.A., as the lender, for a period of one year ending on July 4, 2019, for up to a maximum amount of US$5.0 million, with an interest rate of 6.5%. The aggregate amount outstanding under the loan as of September 30, 2018 was US$630,418.

 

Trigall Genetics S.A. Loan Facility Agreement

 

In December 2013, Bioceres, Inc. entered into a revolving loan facility agreement with Trigall Genetics, as the borrower, acting as a joint lender with Florimond Desprez for a period of seven years ending on December 2020, up to a maximum amount of US$6 million. On December 4, 2017, the agreement was amended to increase the maximum loan amount to US$8 million. Responsibility for funding amounts drawn under facility is apportioned proportionally between Bioceres Inc. and Florimond Desprez up to US$3 million, respectively. The aggregate amount outstanding under the loan owed to Bioceres Inc. as of September 30, 2018 amounted to US$3.5 million. Trigall Genetics has no obligation to pay any interest on amounts owing under the facility.

 

Bioceres Inc. Loan Facility Agreement

 

On July 1, 2018, Bioceres Inc., as the borrower, entered into a revolving loan facility agreement with Bioceres S.A., as the lender, for a period of one year ending on July 1, 2019, for up to a maximum amount of US$15.0 million, with an interest rate of 6.5%. The aggregate amount outstanding under the loan as of September 30, 2018 was US$5.2 million.

 

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INDEAR Loan Agreement

 

On June 30, 2018, INDEAR, as the borrower, entered into a revolving loan facility agreement with Rizobacter Argentina S.A., as the lender, for a period of one year ending on July 1, 2019, for up to a maximum amount of US$5.0 million, with an interest rate of 6.5%. The aggregate amount outstanding under the loan as of September 30, 2018 was US$517,146.

 

Bioceres S.A. and Rizobacter Loan Agreements

 

On June 30, 2018, Bioceres S.A., as the borrower, entered into a revolving loan facility agreement with Rizobacter Argentina S.A., as the lender, for a period of one year ending on July 1, 2019, for up to a maximum amount of US$5.0 million, with an interest rate of 6.5%. The aggregate amount outstanding under the loan as of September 30, 2018 was US$322,475.

 

On the same day, Rizobacter Argentina S.A., as the borrower, entered into a revolving loan facility agreement with Bioceres S.A., as the lender, with the same terms and conditions. The aggregate amount outstanding under the loan as of September 30, 2018 was US$0.

 

Bioceres Semillas Loan Agreement

 

On June 30, 2018, Bioceres Semillas, as the borrower, entered into a revolving loan facility agreement with Bioceres S.A., as the lender, for a period of one year ending on July 1, 2019, for up to a maximum amount of US$5.0 million, with an interest rate of 6.5%. The aggregate amount outstanding under the loan as of September 30, 2018 was US$0.

 

Bioceres S.A. and RASA Holding Export Prefinancing Credit Facility Agreement

 

On March 20, 2018, Bioceres S.A., as the borrower, entered into an export prefinancing credit facility agreement with BAF Latam Trade Finance Fund B.V., as the lender and RASA Holding, as the guarantor, for the period ending on May 21, 2019, for up to a maximum amount of US$5.0 million, with an interest rate of 8.0%. On August 28, 2018, the agreement was amended to increase the maximum loan amount to $6.5 million and the interest rate was amended to 9.875% (as amended, together with the Export Prefinancing Credit Facility Agreement dated March 20, 2018, as amended, the “BAF Loans”). The aggregate amount outstanding under the loan as of December 31, 2018 was US$6.7 million.

 

Bioceres S.A. and RASA Holding Credit Agreement

 

On September 12, 2018, Bioceres S.A., as the borrower, entered into a credit agreement with BAF Latam Credit Fund B.V., as the lender and RASA Holding, as the guarantor, for the period ending on July 3, 2019, for up to a maximum amount of US$5.0 million, with an interest rate of 9.875%. On October 16, 2018, the agreement was amended to increase the maximum loan amount to $12.0 million. On January 30, 2019, the agreement was amended to increase the maximum loan amount to $16.0 million. The aggregate amount outstanding under the loan as of December 31, 2018 was US$10.2 million.

 

Bioceres Crop Solutions and Bioceres S.A. Loan Agreement

 

On March 14, 2019, Bioceres Crop Solutions, as borrower, entered into a loan agreement with Bioceres S.A., as lender, on substantially similar terms and conditions as those set forth under the BAF Loans.

 

Related Party Transactions

 

The following are certain other transactions with our directors, executive officers and stockholders. Omitted periods below signify that there were no transactions in such period or the value of such transaction was a de minimis amount.

 

Sales by and between Rizobacter Argentina S.A. and Ricardo Yapur, Managing Director of Rizobacter Argentina S.A.

 

Ricardo Yapur, Managing Director of Rizobacter Argentina S.A. purchased products of Rizobacter Argentina S.A. during fiscal year ended June 30, 2017 and 2018, for US$124,206 and US$241,666, respectively.

 

Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement

 

See “Item 10. Additional Information—C. Material Contracts—Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement.”

 

Shareholders Agreement

 

In connection with the consummation of the business combination, BIOX, Bioceres LLC and the Sponsor entered into the Shareholders Agreement, pursuant to which, among other things, the initial shareholders were granted the right to nominate one director to our Board of Directors following the consummation of the business combination at each annual general meeting of the Company, provided, that, they do not hold less than a certain percentage of Bioceres Crop Solutions’ shares. Bioceres LLC has agreed to vote for such director nominee proposed by the initial shareholders.

 

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Indemnification Agreement

 

In connection with the consummation of the business combination, we entered into indemnification agreements with each of our directors and executive officers. These agreements provide that the director or officer will be indemnified by us to the fullest extent permitted by law against liability and against all expenses reasonably incurred or paid by him or her in connection with any claim, action, suit or proceeding which he or she becomes involved as a party or otherwise by virtue of his or her being or having been such a director or officer of and against amounts paid or incurred by him or her in the resolution thereof. The agreements are subject to certain exceptions, including, among other exceptions, that no indemnification will be provided to any director or officer against any liability to us or our shareholders (i) by reason of actual fraud, dishonesty, actual fraudulent conduct, or gross negligence on the part of the director or officer; (ii) by reason of payment made under an insurance policy or any third party that has no recourse against the indemnitee director or officer; or (iii) if contrary to applicable law.

 

C.                  Interests of Experts and Counsel

 

Not applicable.

 

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ITEM 8.                                                 FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

A.                  Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information

 

Financial Statements

 

Our combined financial statements are set forth under “Item 18. Financial Statements.”

 

Legal Proceedings

 

From time to time, we may become party to litigation or other legal proceedings that we consider to be a part of the ordinary course of our business. We are not currently involved in any legal proceedings that could reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition or results of operations, other than the proceeding described below. As of the date of this report, we are involved in one material legal proceeding, as described below, and we do not face any claims of possible intellectual property infringement. We may become involved in material legal proceedings in the future as part of the ordinary course of our business.

 

Contingent Fee Payment of US$17.3 Million Related to Precautionary Measure (Medidas Cautelares) in Connection with Rizobacter Acquisition

 

Concurrently with the closing of business combination, the Rizobacter Call Option was exercised and we currently own 80.00% of Rizobacter’s capital stock through our subsidiary RASA Holding, 29% of which are subject to a precautionary measure issued pursuant to an injunction that affects 44% of the total share capital of Rizobacter. In addition, the precautionary measure also covers 30% of the dividends distributed on such shares, directing such percentage of dividends into a judicially created escrow account. Simultaneously with the exercise of the Rizobacter Call Option, 665,078 of the UAC shares representing 10% of Rizobacter shares subject to the precautionary measures were pledged to Bioceres S.A. The precautionary measure relates to litigation among historical shareholders of Rizobacter arising from a disputed transfer of shares that occurred in 1995. In the event the contingencies are lifted, the Parent may be obligated to pay a contingent fee payment of US$17.3 million to certain selling shareholders of Rizobacter. Conversely, in the event that the court rules against the free transferability of the affected shares, the Parent would not be obligated to pay the contingent fee payment but we may be obligated to return certain shares, thereby reducing our equity participation in Rizobacter. For further information on the precautionary measure, see “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Acquisitions—Certain of the Rizobacter shares are subject to a judicial injunction.”

 

Dividend Policy

 

We currently intend to retain any earnings for use in our business and do not intend, as of the date of this report, to pay cash dividends on our ordinary shares for the foreseeable future. Dividends, if any, on our outstanding ordinary shares will be proposed by our Board of Directors and subject to the approval of our shareholders. Even if our shareholders decide to distribute dividends, the form, frequency and amount of such dividends will depend upon our future operations and earnings, capital requirements and surplus, general financial condition, contractual restrictions and other factors that our Board of Directors and shareholders may deem relevant.

 

B.                  Significant Changes

 

No significant change has occurred other than as described in this report since the date of our most recent audited financial statements.

 

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ITEM 9.                                                 THE OFFER AND LISTING

 

A.                  Offer and Listing Details

 

On March 2, 2018, Union consummated its initial public offering (the “IPO”) of 11,500,000 units, including 1,500,000 units which were subject to the over-allotment option granted to the underwriters of the IPO, with each unit consisting of one ordinary share, one right, and one redeemable warrant. Union’s units, ordinary shares, rights and warrants were listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbols, “LTN.U,” “LTN,” “LTN RT” and “LTN WS,” respectively.

 

Upon consummation of the business combination, Union’s ordinary shares and public warrants started trading on the NYSE American under the symbols “BIOX” and “BIOX WS,” respectively. Union’s publicly traded units separated into the component securities upon consummation of the business combination and are no longer trading as a separate security. In addition, holders of Union’s rights received one-tenth (1/10) of one ordinary share of Union for each right held by them upon consummation of the business combination.

 

Each public warrant is exercisable into one ordinary share and will expire on the fifth anniversary of the business combination, or earlier upon redemption or liquidation.

 

Restrictions on transfer

 

The ordinary shares issued in the business combination are, unless registered for resale, subject to restrictions on transfer, in accordance with the Securities Act.

 

B.                  Plan of Distribution

 

Not applicable.

 

C.                  Markets

 

The NYSE American.

 

D.                  Selling Shareholders

 

Not applicable.

 

E.                  Dilution

 

Not applicable.

 

F.                   Expenses of the Issue

 

Not applicable.

 

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ITEM 10.                                          ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

 

A.                  Share Capital

 

As of the date of this report, we had (i) 100,000,000 ordinary shares (US$ 0.0001 par value) authorized, (ii) 36,120,517 ordinary shares issued and outstanding, (iii) 1,000,000 preference shares (US$0.0001 par value) authorized, (iv) no preference shares issued and outstanding, (v) 12,700,000 private placement warrants outstanding (5,200,000 of which were issued in connection with Union’s IPO and 7,500,000 of which were issued in connection with the business combination) and (vi) 11,500,000 public warrants outstanding. The 36,120,517 ordinary shares issued and outstanding include 4,736,736 ordinary shares issued under the Riz obacter Call Option, which was exercised concurrently with the consummation of the business combination, as well as 119,443 ordinary shares issued to minority shareholders of Bioceres Semillas upon the exercise of their tag-along rights under the shareholders agreement of Bioceres Semillas. See “Item 10. Additional Information—C. Material Contracts—Shareholders’ Agreement of Bioceres Semillas S.A.”

 

Holders of the ordinary shares are entitled to one vote for each ordinary share. Each of the 5,200,000 private warrants is exercisable for one UAC share at an exercise price of US$11.50. Out of the 7,500,000 warrants issued in connection with the business combination, (A) 2,500,000 warrants are exercisable for UAC shares on a one-on one basis, having a strike price of US$11.50, that will vest if and when the price of the ordinary shares trades above US$15.00 for any twenty (20) trading days within any thirty (30) trading-day period; (B) 2,500,000 warrants have a strike price of US$15.00, which will vest upon issuance; and (C) 2,500,000 warrants have a strike price of US$18.00, which will vest upon issuance.

 

B.                  Memorandum and Articles of Association

 

Objects

 

Our Articles state that the objects for which the Company is established are unrestricted and the Company shall have full power and authority to carry out any object not prohibited by the laws of the Cayman Islands.

 

Directors

 

Our Articles do not restrict a director’s power to vote in respect of any contract or transaction in which he is interested (provided that the nature of the interest of any director in any such contract or transaction shall be disclosed by him at or prior to its consideration and any vote thereon), vote on compensation to themselves or any other members of their body in the absence of an independent quorum or exercise borrowing powers. There is no mandatory retirement age for our directors and our directors are not required to own securities of the Company in order to serve as directors.

 

Ordinary shares

 

Holders of ordinary shares are entitled to receive ratable dividends when and if declared by our Board of Directors out of funds legally available therefor, subject to any rights of any outstanding series of preferred shares.

 

Upon our winding up, liquidation and dissolution and after payment in full of all amounts required to be paid to creditors and to the holders of preferred shares having liquidation preferences, if any, holders of ordinary shares will be entitled to receive pro rata our remaining assets available for distribution.

 

The rights, powers and privileges of holders of our ordinary shares are subject to those of holders of any shares of our preferred shares or any other series or class of shares we may authorize and issue in the future.

 

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Our ordinary shares are not subject to any sinking fund.  All of our issued shares are fully paid up and none of our shareholders are liable for further capital calls.  There are no provisions in the Articles that discriminate against any existing or prospective holder of our ordinary shares as a result of such shareholder owning a substantial number of shares.

 

Preferred Shares

 

Our Articles provide that preferred shares may be issued from time to time in one or more series. Our Board of Directors will be authorized to fix the voting rights, if any, designations, powers, preferences, the relative, participating, optional or other special rights and any qualifications, limitations and restrictions thereof, applicable to the shares of each series. Our Board of Directors will be able, without shareholder approval, to issue preferred shares with voting and other rights that could adversely affect the voting power and other rights of the holders of the ordinary shares and could have anti-takeover effects. The ability of the board to issue preferred shares without shareholder approval could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change of control of us or the removal of existing management. We have no preferred shares issued and outstanding at the date hereof. Although we do not currently intend to issue any preferred shares, we cannot assure you that we will not do so in the future.

 

Voting and Election of Directors

 

Voting Power

 

Except as otherwise required by law or as otherwise provided in any certificate of designation for any series of preferred shares, the holders of BIOX ordinary shares will possess all voting power for the election of our directors and all other matters requiring shareholder action and will at all times vote together as one class on all matters submitted to a vote of the shareholders of BIOX. Holders of BIOX ordinary shares will be entitled to one vote for each share held of record on all matters on which shareholders are entitled to vote generally, including the election or removal of directors. Holders of BIOX ordinary shares will not have cumulative voting rights in the election of directors.

 

Preemptive or Other Rights

 

There will be no sinking fund or redemption provisions applicable to BIOX shares.

 

Election of Directors

 

Our board consists of seven directors.  Each of our directors will have a term that expires at BIOX’s annual general meeting of shareholders in 2020, or until their respective successors are duly elected and qualified, or until their earlier resignation, removal or death. There will be no cumulative voting with respect to the election of directors, with the result that directors will be elected by a majority of the votes cast at an annual general meeting of BIOX.

 

General Meetings

 

At least five clear days’ notice are required to be given of any general meeting, which notice shall specify the place, the day and the hour of the meeting and the general nature of the business to be conducted at the general meeting.  No business will be transacted at any general meeting unless a quorum is present. The holders of a majority of the shares being individuals present in person or by proxy or if a corporation or other non-natural person by its duly authorised representative or proxy shall be a quorum. If a quorum is not present within half an hour from the time appointed for the meeting to commence or if during such a meeting a quorum ceases to be present, the meeting, if convened upon a shareholders’ request, will be dissolved and in any other case it shall stand adjourned to the same day in the next week at the same time and/or place or to such other day, time and/or

 

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place as the directors may determine, and if at the adjourned meeting a quorum is not present within half an hour from the time appointed for the meeting to commence, the shareholders present will be a quorum.

 

Annual General Meetings

 

Any annual general meeting will be held at such time and place as the directors shall appoint and if no other time and place is prescribed by them, it shall be held at the Registered Office on the second Wednesday in October of each year at ten o’clock in the morning. At these meetings the report of the directors (if any) shall be presented. Shareholders seeking to bring business before the annual general meeting or to nominate candidates for election as directors at the annual general meeting must deliver notice to the principal executive offices of the Company not later than the close of business on the 90th day nor earlier than the close of business on the 120 th  day prior to the scheduled date of the annual general meeting.

 

Extraordinary General Meetings

 

All general meetings other than annual general meetings are extraordinary general meetings. Shareholders holding not less than 10% in par value of the issued ordinary shares with voting rights can request, and the directors shall convene, extraordinary general meetings. Such shareholders’ request must state the objects of the meeting and must be signed by the requesting shareholders and deposited at the Registered Office.

 

If there are no directors as at the date of the deposit of the shareholders’ request or if the directors do not within twenty-one days from the date of such request duly proceed to convene a general meeting to be held within a further twenty-one days, the requesting shareholders, or any of them representing more than 50% of the total voting rights of all of the requesting shareholders, may themselves convene a general meeting, but any meeting so convened shall be held no later than the day which falls three months after the expiration of the said twenty-one day period.

 

Our Articles do not contain any provisions that would have an effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of our Company. Our Articles provide that the Company shall have the power to merge or consolidate with one or more other constituent companies (as defined in the Cayman Islands Companies Law (2018 Revision)) upon such terms as our directors may determine and (to the extent required by the Cayman Islands Companies Law (2018 Revision)) with the approval of a Special Resolution.

 

Our Articles do not contain any provisions governing the ownership threshold above which shareholder ownership must be disclosed.

 

Our Articles are not significantly different from the requirements of the Cayman Islands Companies Law (2018 Revision) and the conditions imposed by our Articles governing changes in capital are not more stringent than what is required by the Cayman Islands Companies Law (2018 Revision).

 

C.                  Material Contracts

 

The Exchange Agreement

 

On November 8, 2018, Union entered into a Share Exchange Agreement, by and among UAC, Joseph J. Schena (the “UAC Representative”), solely in his capacity as representative of the holders of UAC ordinary shares, and Bioceres, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Exchange Agreement”). The Exchange Agreement provided for a business combination transaction, pursuant to which, among other things, and subject to the terms and conditions contained in the Exchange Agreement, UAC will purchase from the Seller all of the issued and outstanding shares of Bioceres stock and 87.2739% of the issued and outstanding equity interest in Bioceres Semillas. In exchange, the Seller will receive ordinary shares of UAC, par value US$0.0001 and warrants, each to purchase one share of UAC shares.

 

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Amendment No. 1 to the Exchange Agreement

 

On December 19, 2018, UAC, Bioceres, Inc. and Joseph J. Schena in his capacity as the Pre-Closing Union Representative (as defined in the Exchange Agreement) entered into an amendment to the Exchange Agreement, pursuant to which, among other things, UAC and Bioceres, Inc. agreed that all directors of the post-Closing Union Board (as defined in the Exchange Agreement) will have one-year terms and will be appointed and removed by the majority vote of the holders of BIOX ordinary shares.

 

Escrow Agreement

 

As a condition precedent to the closing of the business combination, the Parent, UAC, the UAC Representative and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as escrow agent (the “Escrow Agent”), entered into an escrow agreement (the “Escrow Agreement”). Pursuant to the Escrow Agreement, UAC agreed to issue, on the closing, to the Escrow Agent 5% of UAC shares issued to Bioceres Inc. as consideration in the business combination, in book entry form (including any equity securities paid as dividends or distributions with respect to such shares or into which such shares are exchanged or converted, the “Escrow Shares”) to be held along with any Escrow Property (as defined below), by the Escrow Agent in a segregated escrow account (the “Escrow Account,” and as reduced by any disbursements of such Escrow Shares from the Escrow Account by the Escrow Agent in accordance with the terms of the Escrow Agreements and the Exchange agreement, the “Escrow Property”). While the Escrow Shares are held in the Escrow Account, the Seller will have the right to vote the Escrow Shares.

 

The Escrow Shares and other Escrow Property will serve as a source of security after the closing for the Seller and the Parent’s indemnification obligations under the Exchange Agreement. Payments from the Escrow Account with respect to any indemnification claims will first be paid with the Escrow Shares and then with any remaining property in the Escrow Account. The Escrow Property will no longer be subject to any indemnification claim after the date that is the later of (i) October 31, 2019 and (ii) 30 days after the date on which the Seller delivers to UAC the financial statements of Bioceres Semillas, Bioceres Inc. and each of its indirect and indirect subsidiaries (the “Group”) for its 2019 fiscal year audited in accordance with IFRS (the “Escrow Release Date”); provided, however, with respect to any indemnification claims made on or prior to the Escrow Release Date that remain unresolved as of the end of the Escrow Release Date (“Pending Claims”), all or a portion of the Escrow Property reasonably necessary to satisfy such Pending Claims shall remain in the Escrow Account until such time as such Pending Claim is resolved. After the Escrow Release Date, any Escrow Property remaining in the Escrow Account that is not subject to Pending Claims, if any, and not subject to resolved but unpaid claims in favor of an indemnified party, will be disbursed by the Escrow Agent to the Seller. Promptly after the final resolution of all Pending Claims and the payment of all indemnification obligations, the Escrow Agent will disburse any Escrow Property remaining in the Escrow Account to the Seller.

 

The Escrow Agreement will terminate upon the final, proper and complete distribution of the Escrow Property in accordance with the terms of the Escrow Agreement. The Escrow Agent may resign and be discharged from its duties or obligations by giving no less than 60 days’ advance notice in writing of such resignation. The parties to the Escrow Agent will have the right to terminate their appointment of the Escrow Agent upon 30 days’ notice to the Escrow Agent.

 

The Seller and UAC will jointly and severally indemnify and hold the Escrow Agent harmless from and against any loss, liability or expense incurred without gross negligence or willful misconduct on the part of the Escrow Agent, arising out of or in connection with its entering into the Escrow Agreement and carrying out its duties under the Escrow Agreement.

 

Lock-up Agreement

 

In connection with the execution of the Exchange Agreement, UAC, the UAC Representative and the Seller entered into a lock-up agreement pursuant to which the Seller may not transfer the Exchange Shares until (i) the earlier of (x) one year after the completion of the business combination and (y) the date on which the closing price of BIOX ordinary shares equals or exceeds US$12.00 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations and recapitalizations) for any 20 trading days within any 30 trading day period commencing on 150 days after completion of the business combination, and (ii) the date on which the Bioceres

 

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Crop Solutions consummates a subsequent liquidation, merger stock exchange or other similar transaction which results in all shareholders having the right to exchange their ordinary shares for cash, securities or other properties.

 

Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement

 

Upon the consummation of the business combination, the Sponsor, including certain current directors of UAC (collectively the “restricted stockholders”) entered into an Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement in respect of the restricted securities held by such restricted stockholders. Pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement, the restricted stockholders and their permitted transferees will be entitled to certain registration rights, including, among other things, customary registration rights, including demand and piggy-back rights. Additionally, the restricted stockholders have agreed not to sell, transfer, pledge or otherwise dispose of UAC shares they own for one year from the consummation of the business combination.

 

Shareholders Agreement

 

In connection with the consummation of the business combination, BIOX, Bioceres LLC and the Sponsor entered into the Shareholders Agreement, pursuant to which, among other things, the initial shareholders will have the right to nominate one director to our Board of Directors following the consummation of the business combination at each annual general meeting of the combined company, provided, that, they do not hold less than a certain percentage of Bioceres Crop Solutions’ shares. Bioceres LLC will agree to vote for such director nominee proposed by the initial shareholders.

 

Warrant Agreement

 

At the closing, and in connection with the issuance of 7,500,000 UAC warrants, Bioceres Crop Solutions and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as warrant agent, entered into a warrant agreement on substantially the same terms as the warrant agreement entered into by UAC in connection with its IPO and filed with the SEC as Exhibit 4.1 to UAC’s Current Report on Form 8-K on March 5, 2018.

 

Private Placement Warrants Letter Agreement

 

On December 19, 2018, UAC and the holders of the private placement warrants issued in connection with the IPO entered into a letter agreement, pursuant to which the holders of such private placement warrants agreed that such private placement warrants will only be exercisable on a cashless basis and redeemable on the same basis as the public warrants issued in connection with UAC’s IPO.

 

Joinder Agreement

 

Pursuant to the Exchange Agreement, simultaneously with the closing of the business combination, the Parent executed a joinder to the Exchange Agreement, pursuant to which the Parent became a party to the Exchange Agreement.

 

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Shareholders’ Agreement of Bioceres Semillas S.A.

 

Following the execution of the Exchange Agreement, Parent notified the minority shareholders of Bioceres Semillas of the transaction contemplated therein in accordance with the tag-along provision under the Semillas Shareholders’ Agreement. The consideration payable to the minority shareholders of Bioceres Semillas after exercising the tag-along rights pursuant to the terms of the Semillas Shareholders’ Agreement was in the form of UAC redeemed shares in an amount equal to US$1,227,874.

 

D.                  Exchange Controls

 

Under Decree No. 260/2002, as amended, the Argentine government set up an exchange market (the MULC) through which all foreign currency exchange transactions must be made. In addition to any administrative sanctions, violation of the foreign exchange regulations is subject to the Foreign Exchange Criminal Law No. 19,359, as amended.

 

As of the date of this report, all restrictions on the foreign exchange transactions have been lifted and, therefore, there are no amount limitations and prior authorization of the Central Bank is not required for access to the MULC by Argentine residents and non-residents.

 

E.                  Taxation

 

The following is a summary of the material Cayman Islands, U.K and U.S. tax consequences of acquiring, owning and disposing of securities.

 

Material Cayman Islands Tax Considerations

 

The following is a discussion on certain Cayman Islands income tax consequences of an investment in our securities. The discussion is a general summary of present law, which is subject to prospective and retroactive change. It is not intended as tax advice, does not consider any investor’s particular circumstances, and does not consider tax consequences other than those arising under Cayman Islands law.

 

Payments of dividends and capital in respect of our securities will not be subject to taxation in the Cayman Islands and no withholding will be required on the payment of a dividend or capital to any holder of the securities,  nor will gains derived from the disposal of the securities be subject to Cayman Islands income or corporation tax. The Cayman Islands currently has no income, corporation or capital gains tax and no estate duty, inheritance tax or gift tax.

 

No stamp duty is payable in respect of the issue of our securities or on an instrument of transfer in respect of our securities.

 

The Company has been incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands as an exempted company with limited liability and, as such, has received an undertaking from the Financial Secretary of the Cayman Islands that (i) no law which is enacted in the Cayman Islands subsequent to the date of undertaking imposing any tax to be levied on profits, income, gains or appreciations shall apply to the Company or its operations, and (ii) no tax to be levied on profits, income, gains or appreciations or which is in the nature of estate duty or inheritance tax shall be payable on or in respect of the shares, debentures or other obligations of the Company or by way of the withholding in whole or part, of any relevant payment as defined in Section 6(3) of the Tax Concessions Law (2018 Revision). The concessions set forth above are effective for a period of twenty years from the date of the undertaking.

 

Material U.K. Tax Considerations

 

The following is a summary based on current United Kingdom tax law as applied in England and Wales and Her Majesty’s Revenue & Customs published practice (which may not be binding on Her Majesty’s Revenue & Customs), in each case as at the latest practicable date before the date of this report, and both of which are subject to change, possibly with retrospective effect. They are intended as a general guide and apply only to holders of the Company who hold ordinary shares or warrants in the Company as an investment and who are, or

 

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are treated as, the absolute beneficial owners thereof. The discussion does not address all possible tax consequences relating to an investment in the ordinary shares or warrants. Certain categories of holders, including those carrying on certain financial activities, those subject to specific tax regimes or benefiting from certain reliefs or exemptions, those connected with the Company or Group and those for whom the ordinary shares or warrants are employment related securities may be subject to special rules and this summary does not apply to such holders.

 

This summary assumes that the affairs of the Company will conducted in such a way that it is regarded as a resident of the United Kingdom for the purposes of United Kingdom taxation.

 

Holders or prospective holders who are in any doubt about their tax position should consult their own professional advisers immediately.

 

Taxation of Dividends

 

The Company will not be required to withhold amounts on account of United Kingdom tax at source when paying a dividend.

 

Holders who are not resident in the United Kingdom and who hold their ordinary shares as an investment will not be subject to United Kingdom taxation on dividends received from the Company.

 

Disposals

 

A holder of ordinary shares or warrants who is not resident in the United Kingdom for tax purposes and who holds their ordinary shares or warrants as an investment will not be liable to United Kingdom taxation in respect of gains arising from a sale or other disposal of ordinary shares or warrants in the Company, except where such holder is an individual who has ceased to be resident in the United Kingdom for a period of five years or less, in which case such holder may, depending on their circumstances (including the availability of exemptions or reliefs), be liable to United Kingdom taxation.

 

Inheritance Tax

 

O rdinary shares and warrants in the Company should be assets situated outside the United Kingdom for the purposes of United Kingdom inheritance tax provided that they are not registered in any register kept in the United Kingdom. Accordingly, a holder of ordinary shares or warrants who is an individual domiciled outside the United Kingdom (and is not deemed domiciled in the United Kingdom) will generally not be liable for United Kingdom inheritance tax in respect of his holding of ordinary shares or warrants.

 

Stamp Duty and Stamp Duty Reserve Tax (“SDRT”)

 

No United Kingdom stamp duty will be payable on the issue of ordinary shares in the Company.

 

No United Kingdom stamp duty should be required to be paid on grant of warrants in the Company provided that the relevant instrument is not executed in the United Kingdom and does not relate to any property situate in the United Kingdom or to any matter or thing done or to be done in the United Kingdom.

 

No United Kingdom stamp duty should be required to be paid on the transfer of ordinary shares or warrants in the Company provided that the instrument of transfer is not executed in the United Kingdom and does not relate to any property situate in the United Kingdom or to any matter or thing done or to be done in the United Kingdom.

 

No SDRT will be payable on the issue of the ordinary shares or warrants in the Company or on transfers of ordinary shares or warrants in the Company (otherwise than in depositary interest form within CREST) provided that the ordinary shares and warrants are not registered in any register kept in the United Kingdom.

 

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Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations

 

General

 

The following is a summary of certain U.S. federal income tax consequences for U.S. Holders (as defined below) of ordinary shares and warrants of the Company that hold the ordinary shares or warrants, as applicable, as capital assets. The discussion does not cover all aspects of U.S. federal income taxation that may be relevant to, or the actual tax effect that any of the matters described herein will have on, the ownership or disposition of ordinary shares or warrants by particular investors (including consequences under the alternative minimum tax or net investment income tax), and does not address state, local, non-U.S. or other tax laws.

 

This summary also does not address tax considerations applicable to investors that own (directly, indirectly or by attribution) 5 per cent. or more of the ordinary shares of the Company by vote or value, nor does this summary discuss all of the tax considerations that may be relevant to certain types of investors subject to special treatment under the U.S. federal income tax laws, such as:

 

·                        financial institutions,

 

·                        insurance companies,

 

·                        individual retirement accounts and other tax-deferred accounts,

 

·                        tax-exempt organisations,

 

·                        dealers in securities or currencies,

 

·                        investors that will hold the ordinary shares or warrants as part of straddles, hedging transactions or conversion transactions for U.S. federal income tax purposes,

 

·                        persons subject to special tax accounting rules as a result of any item of gross income with respect to ordinary shares or warrants being taken into account in an applicable financial statement,

 

·                        persons that have ceased to be U.S. citizens or lawful permanent residents of the United States or are U.S. expatriates,

 

·                        investors holding the ordinary shares or warrants in connection with a trade or business conducted outside of the United States,

 

·                        U.S. holders whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar,

 

·                        Non-U.S. Holders (as defined below) holding the ordinary shares or warrants in connection with a trade or business conducted within the United States, or

 

·                        Non-U.S. Holders who are individuals present in the United States for 183 days or more in the taxable year at disposition and who are not otherwise residents of the United States for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

 

As used herein, the term “U.S. Holder” means a beneficial owner of ordinary shares or warrants that is, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, (i) an individual citizen or resident of the United States, (ii) a corporation created or organised under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia, (iii) an estate the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income tax without regard to its source or (iv) a trust if a court within the United States is able to exercise primary supervision over the administration of the trust and one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust, or the trust has validly elected to be treated as a domestic trust for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

 

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As used herein, the term “Non-U.S. Holder” means a beneficial owner of ordinary shares or warrants that is, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, (i) a non-resident alien, (ii) a foreign corporation, or (iii) an estate or trust that in either case is not subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net income basis on income or gain from ordinary shares or warrants.

 

The U.S. federal income tax treatment of a partner in an entity or arrangement treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes that holds ordinary shares or warrants will depend on the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. Prospective purchasers that are entities or arrangements treated as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes should consult their tax advisers concerning the U.S. federal income tax consequences to them and their partners of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of ordinary shares or warrants by the partnership.

 

The Company believes that it was treated as a PFIC for the taxable year ending January 31, 2019. A U.S. Holder who held ordinary shares or warrants in the taxable year ending January 31, 2019 may continue to be subject to increased U.S. federal income tax liability and may be subject to additional reporting requirements. See “—Passive Foreign Investment Company Considerations” below.

 

This summary is based on the tax laws of the United States, including the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, its legislative history, existing and proposed regulations thereunder, published rulings and court decisions, all as of the date hereof and all subject to change at any time, possibly with retroactive effect.

 

THE SUMMARY OF U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES SET OUT BELOW IS FOR GENERAL INFORMATION ONLY. ALL PROSPECTIVE PURCHASERS SHOULD CONSULT THEIR TAX ADVISERS AS TO THE PARTICULAR TAX CONSEQUENCES TO THEM OF ACQUIRING, OWNING, AND DISPOSING OF THE ORDINARY SHARES OR WARRANTS, INCLUDING THE APPLICABILITY AND EFFECT OF STATE, LOCAL, NON-U.S. AND OTHER TAX LAWS AND POSSIBLE CHANGES IN TAX LAW.

 

U.S. Holders

 

Exercise of Warrants in Exchange for Ordinary Shares

 

A U.S. Holder will not realize gain or loss on the receipt of ordinary shares pursuant to the exercise of a warrant. A U.S. Holder that receives new ordinary shares by exercising its warrant will have a tax basis in the new ordinary shares so acquired equal to its basis in the warrants so exercised, if any. A U.S. Holder’s holding period in such new ordinary shares generally will begin on the date the warrants are exercised. However, if the Company was a PFIC during the U.S. Holder’s holding period for the warrants, unless the U.S. Holder has made a “deemed sale election” under proposed regulations, for purposes of applying the PFIC rules, the U.S. Holder’s holding period for the ordinary shares received in exchange for the warrants generally would include the holding period for the warrants.

 

Dividends

 

Subject to the PFIC rules discussed below, distributions paid by the Company out of current or accumulated earnings and profits (as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes) generally will be taxable to a U.S. Holder as dividend income, and will not be eligible for the dividends received deduction allowed to corporations. Distributions in excess of current and accumulated earnings and profits will be treated as a non-taxable return of capital to the extent of the U.S. Holder’s basis in the ordinary shares or warrants, as applicable and thereafter as capital gain. However, the Company cannot provide any assurance that it will maintain calculations of its earnings and profits in accordance with U.S. federal income tax accounting principles. U.S. Holders should therefore assume that any distribution by the Company with respect to ordinary shares or warrants may be reported as ordinary dividend income. U.S. Holders should consult their own tax advisers with respect to the appropriate U.S. federal income tax treatment of any distribution received or treated as received from the Company.

 

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Dividends paid by the Company generally will be taxable to a non-corporate U.S. Holder at the reduced rate normally applicable to long-term capital gains, provided that (1) the ordinary shares are readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States; (2) certain holding period requirements are satisfied; and (3) the Company is not classified as a PFIC for its taxable year during which the dividend is paid or its immediately preceding taxable year. See “—Passive Foreign Investment Company Considerations” below.

 

Sale or Other Disposition

 

Subject to the PFIC rules discussed below, upon a sale or other disposition of ordinary shares or warrants (including as a result of receipt of cash pursuant to the exercise of a Warrant), a U.S. Holder generally will recognise capital gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes equal to the difference, if any, between the amount realised on the sale or other disposition and the U.S. Holder’s adjusted tax basis in the ordinary shares or warrants, as applicable. This capital gain or loss will be long-term capital gain or loss if the U.S. Holder’s holding period in the ordinary shares or warrants, as applicable, exceeds one year. Any gain or loss generally will be U.S. source. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations.

 

See “—Passive Foreign Investment Company Considerations” below for a discussion of more adverse rules that will apply to a sale or other disposition of ordinary shares or warrants if the Company is or has been a PFIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

 

Passive Foreign Investment Company Considerations

 

A foreign corporation will be a PFIC in any taxable year in which, after taking into account the income and assets of the corporation and certain subsidiaries pursuant to applicable “look-through rules,” either (i) at least 75 per cent. of its gross income is “passive income” or (ii) at least 50 per cent. of the average value of its assets is attributable to assets which produce passive income or are held for the production of passive income. The Company does not believe that it should be treated as a PFIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes for the current taxable year as a result of the business combination, but the Company’s possible status as a PFIC must be determined annually and therefore may be subject to change. This determination will depend in part on whether the Company continues to earn substantial amounts of operating income, as well as on the market valuation of the Company’s assets and the Company’s spending schedule for its cash balances.

 

The Company believes that it was treated as a PFIC for the taxable year ending January 31, 2019. However, as a result of the business combination, the Company does not expect to be a PFIC for its current taxable year. If the Company is a PFIC in any year during which a U.S. Holder owns ordinary shares or warrants, and the U.S. Holder has not made a mark-to-market or qualified electing fund election (if available), the U.S. Holder generally will be subject to special rules, regardless of whether the Company continues to be a PFIC, with respect to (i) any “excess distribution” (generally, any distributions treated as received by the U.S. Holder on the ordinary shares or warrants in a taxable year that are greater than 125 per cent. of the average annual distributions treated as received by the U.S. Holder in the three preceding taxable years or, if shorter, the U.S. Holder’s holding period for the ordinary shares or warrants) and (ii) any gain realised on the sale or other disposition of ordinary shares or warrants. Under these rules (a) the excess distribution or gain will be allocated rateably over the U.S. Holder’s holding period, (b) the amount allocated to the current taxable year and any taxable year prior to the first taxable year in which the Company is a PFIC will be taxed as ordinary income, and (c) the amount allocated to each of the other taxable years will be subject to tax at the highest rate of tax in effect for the applicable class of taxpayer for that year and an interest charge for the deemed deferral benefit will be imposed with respect to the resulting tax attributable to each such other taxable year.

 

Dividends paid by the Company in any year for which it is a PFIC or any year following such year will not be eligible for the reduced rate of tax described above under “Dividends”. If the Company were a PFIC for a prior taxable year during the U.S. Holder’s holding period, but ceases to be a PFIC for a subsequent taxable year, a U.S. Holder may make an election (a “deemed sale election”) to be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes as having sold its ordinary shares or warrants, as applicable, on the last day of the last taxable year of the Company during which it was a PFIC. A U.S. Holder that makes a deemed sale election will cease to be treated as owning stock in a PFIC. However, gain recognised by a U.S. Holder as a result of making the deemed sale

 

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election will be subject to the rules described above. If the Company were a PFIC for a taxable year during the U.S. Holder’s holding period and ceases to be a PFIC for a subsequent taxable year, but no deemed sale election is made by the U.S. Holder, then such U.S. Holder would not be entitled to the reduced rate of tax discussed above under “Dividends”.

 

A U.S. Holder who has made a qualified electing fund (“QEF”) election (on or before the due of the U.S. Holder’s tax return for the first taxable year to which the QEF applies) or a mark-to-market election with respect to the ordinary shares will not be subject to the PFIC regime if the Company ceases to be a PFIC. If the Company becomes a PFIC in future years, any prior QEF or mark-to-market election made by a U.S. Holder would still be valid, and new elections would not have to be made.

 

A U.S. Holder that holds a warrant, i.e., an option to acquire ordinary shares, is treated as owning the ordinary shares. A QEF election does not apply to any option to acquire ordinary shares, and it is unclear whether a mark-to-market election applies to any option to acquire ordinary shares.

 

A U.S. Holder who owns, or who is treated as owning, PFIC stock during any taxable year for which the Company is classified as a PFIC may be required to file IRS Form 8621. Prospective purchasers should consult their tax advisers regarding the requirement to file IRS Form 8621 and the potential application of the PFIC regime.

 

Foreign Financial Asset Reporting

 

U.S. taxpayers that own certain foreign financial assets, including equity of foreign entities, with an aggregate value in excess of $50,000 at the end of the taxable year or $75,000 at any time during the taxable year (or, for certain individuals living outside the United States and married individuals filing joint returns, certain higher thresholds) may be required to file an information report with respect to such assets with their tax returns. The ordinary shares and warrants are expected to constitute foreign financial assets subject to these requirements unless the ordinary shares or warrants are held in an account at a financial institution (in which case the account may be reportable if maintained by a foreign financial institution). U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisers regarding the application of the rules relating to foreign financial asset reporting.

 

Non-U.S. Holders

 

Subject to the discussion below under “—Backup Withholding and Information Reporting”, any proceeds of a sale or other disposition of the ordinary shares or warrants, as well as dividends and other proceeds with respect to the ordinary shares or warrants, are not subject to U.S. federal income tax, including withholding taxes, if paid to a Non-U.S. Holder.

 

Backup Withholding and Information Reporting

 

Payments of dividends and other proceeds with respect to ordinary shares and warrants by a U.S. paying agent or other U.S. intermediary will be reported to the IRS and to a holder as may be required under applicable U.S. Treasury Regulations. Backup withholding may apply to these payments if the holder fails to provide an accurate taxpayer identification number or certification of exempt status or fails to comply with applicable certification requirements. Certain holders are not subject to backup withholding (including corporations and Non-U.S. Holders who provide certification of their exempt status). Holders should consult their tax advisers as to their qualification for exemption from backup withholding and the procedure for obtaining an exemption.

 

F.                   Dividends and Paying Agents

 

Our Paying Agent is Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company.

 

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G.                 Statement by Experts

 

The combined financial statements of Bioceres, Inc. Crop Business and Bioceres Semillas S.A. as of June 30, 2018, June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 and for the year ended June 30, 2018, for the six-month transition period ended June 30, 2017 and the two years ended December 31, 2016 included in this report have been so included in reliance on the report of Price Waterhouse & Co. S.R.L., an independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.

 

H.                 Documents on Display

 

Upon the consummation of the business combination, we have become subject to the information requirements of the Exchange Act, except that as a foreign issuer, we will not be subject to the proxy rules or the short-swing profit disclosure rules of the Exchange Act. In accordance with these statutory requirements, we will file or furnish reports and other information with the SEC, which you may inspect and copy at the Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. Information on the operation of the Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. In addition, the SEC maintains an Internet website that contains reports and other information about issuers, like us, that file electronically with the SEC. The address of that website is www.sec.gov.

 

I.                      Subsidiary Information

 

Not applicable.

 

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ITEM 11.                                          QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT RISK

 

A.                  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risk

 

Our Board of Directors has overall responsibility for establishing and monitoring our risk management objectives and policies. While it retains ultimate responsibility for risk management, it has delegated the day to day monitoring to our finance team to design and operate processes that ensure effective implementation of the risk management objectives and policies of our finance team, which periodically reports to the board on the evolution of the risk management activities and results. Our audit committee will also review the risk management policies and processes and report our findings to the board. The overall objective of the board is to set policies that seek to reduce risk as far as possible without unduly affecting our competitiveness and flexibility. We do not use market risk-sensitive instruments for trading or speculative purposes.

 

The risks and methods for managing the risks are reviewed regularly, in order to reflect changes in market conditions and our activities. Through training, management standards and procedures, we aim to develop a disciplined and constructive control environment in which all our employees understand their roles and obligations. The principal risks and uncertainties facing the business, set out below, do not appear in any particular order of potential materiality or probability of occurrence.

 

B.                  Currency risk

 

Foreign currency risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in foreign exchange rate. Currency on foreign exchange risk arises when we enter into transactions denominated in a currency other than its functional currency. A significant part of our business activities is conducted in Argentine peso. However, some of our subsidiaries with Argentine peso as functional currency also have significant transactions denominated in U.S. dollars, mainly sales and financing activities.

 

Our policy is, where possible, to allow our entities to settle liabilities denominated in U.S. dollars with the cash generated from their own operations in U.S. dollars. We have liabilities denominated in U.S. dollars in entities that use the Argentine peso as their functional currency, which expose us to foreign currency exchange risks. Such risks are partially mitigated by our revenues, which are also partially denominated in U.S. dollars (mainly exports) or Pesos but adjusted to reflect changes in U.S. dollars.

 

We periodically evaluate the use of derivatives and other financial instruments to hedge our foreign exchange rate exposure, but do not have any exchange rate related financial instruments in place.

 

The table below sets forth our net exposure to currency risk as of September 30, 2018, June 30, 2018, June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016:

 

 

 

September 30,

 

June 30,

 

June 30,

 

December 31,

 

 

 

2018

 

2018

 

2017

 

2016

 

Net USD foreign currency position

 

(49,718,304

)

(28,861,129

)

(17,917,954

)

(11,643,706

)

 

We estimate that a devaluation of the Argentine peso against the U.S. dollar of 20% in the three-month period ended September 30, 2018, would have resulted in a net pre-tax loss of approximately US$9.9 million. We estimate that an appreciation of Argentine peso against the U.S. dollar of 20% would have resulted in a net pre-tax gain of approximately US$9.9 million.

 

C.                  Interest rate risk

 

Our financing costs may be affected by interest rate volatility. Borrowings under our interest rate management policy may be fixed or floating rate. We maintain adequate committed borrowing facilities and

 

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hold most of our financial assets primarily in cash or checks collected from customers that are readily convertible into known amounts of cash.

 

Our interest rate risk arises from long term borrowings. Borrowings issued at floating rates expose us to cash flow interest rate risk. Borrowings issued at fixed rates expose us to fair value interest rate risk. Holding all other variables constant, including levels of our external indebtedness, at September 30, 2018, a one percentage point increase in floating interest rates would increase interest payable by less than US$0.1 million.

 

We have not entered into derivative contracts to hedge this exposure.

 

Our debt consists of loans and of financing for the Rizobacter Acquisition, as set out below.

 

 

 

September 30,
2018

 

 

 

Carrying Amount
(US$)

 

Fixed-rate instruments

 

 

 

Current financial liabilities

 

(87,535,576

)

Non-current financial liabilities

 

(24,406,263

)

Variable rate instruments

 

 

 

Current financial liabilities

 

(2,672,352

)

Non-current financial liabilities

 

 

 

We do not use derivative financial instruments to hedge our interest rate risk exposure.

 

D.                  Credit risk

 

Our credit risk is our risk of financial loss if a customer or counterparty fails to meet its contractual obligations and derives mainly from trade receivables and other receivables generated by services and product sales, as well as from cash and deposits in financial institutions. We are also exposed to political and economic risk events, which may cause non-payment of local and foreign currency obligations owed to us by customers, partners, contractors and/or suppliers.

 

We sell seed and integrated products, crop protection products and crop nutrition products to a diverse base of customers. Our customers include multi-national and local agricultural companies, distributors, and growers who purchase our seed products.

 

Our finance function determines concentrations of credit risk by periodically monitoring the credit rating of existing customers and through monthly reviews of the trade receivables’ aging analysis. Based on our periodic monitoring the customers’ credit risk, customers are grouped according to their credit characteristics.

 

About 17% of our seed and integrated products segment sales for the year ended June 30, 2018 were made to five well-known customers with good quality standing, with the top two customers representing 11% of such segment sales. In the crop protection segment, the top five customers represented 14% of the segment’s sales. In the crop nutrition segment, the top five customers represented 25% of the segment’s sales.

 

Our policy is to manage credit exposure to counterparties through a process of credit rating. We perform credit evaluations of existing and new customers, and conduct a thorough credit check on every new customer before offering the customer transaction terms. Our examination includes collecting outside credit rating information, if available. Additionally, and even if there is no independent outside rating, we assess the credit quality of the customer taking into account our financial position, past experience, bank references and other factors. We prescribe a credit limit for each customer and examine such limits annually. Customers that do not meet our criteria for credit quality may do business with us on the basis of a prepayment or upon furnishing

 

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appropriate collateral. We may seek collateral and guarantees, as considered appropriate, for the credit profile of any customer.

 

Based on our periodic monitoring of customer credit risk, the customers are grouped according to a characterization of their credit, based on geographical location, industry, aging of receivables, maturity, and existence of past financial difficulties. Customers defined as “high risk” are added to a restricted customer list and are supervised by management. In the case of a doubtful debt, we record a provision for the amount of the debt less the value of the collateral provided and take measures to enforce upon the collateral.

 

We are also exposed to counterparty credit risk on cash and cash equivalent balances. We hold cash on deposit with a number of financial institutions. We manage our credit risk exposure by limiting individual deposits to clearly defined limits. We only deposit funds with high-quality banks and financial institutions.

 

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ITEM 12.                                          DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES

 

A.                  Debt Securities

 

Not applicable.

 

B.                  Warrants and Rights

 

Not applicable.

 

C.                  Other Securities

 

Not applicable.

 

D.                  American Depositary Shares

 

Not applicable.

 

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PART II

 

ITEM 13.                                          DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES

 

A.                  Defaults

 

Not applicable.

 

B.                  Arrears and Delinquencies

 

Not applicable.

 

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ITEM 14.                                          MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS

 

Not applicable.

 

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ITEM 15.                                          CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

 

Not applicable.

 

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ITEM 16.

 

A.                  Audit Committee Financial Expert

 

Not applicable.

 

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B.                  Code of Ethics

 

Not applicable.

 

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C.                  Principal Accountant Fees and Services

 

Not applicable.

 

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D.                  Exemptions from the Listing Standards for Audit Committees

 

Not applicable.

 

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E.                  Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers

 

Not applicable.

 

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F.                   Change in Registrant’s Certifying Accountant

 

Not applicable.

 

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G.                 Corporate Governance

 

Not applicable.

 

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H.                 Mine Safety Disclosure

 

Not applicable.

 

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PART III

 

ITEM 17.                                          FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

We have responded to Item 18 in lieu of this item.

 

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ITEM 18.                                          FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

Financial Statements are filed as part of this report, see page F-1.

 

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ITEM 19.                                          EXHIBITS

 

1.1

 

Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association of Bioceres Crop Solutions Corp.

 

 

 

1.2

 

Certificate of Name Change

 

 

 

2.1

 

Syndicated Loan Facility, dated as of March 15, 2017, by and among Rizobacter Argentina S.A., Banco de Galicia y Buenos Aires S.A., Banco Santander Río S.A., Banco Hipotecario S.A. and Banco Mariva S.A.

 

 

 

2.2

 

Credit Agreement, dated as of September 12, 2018, by and among Bioceres S.A., RASA Holding LLC and BAF Latam Credit Fund B.V.

 

 

 

2.3

 

First Amendment to the Credit Agreement, dated as of October 16, 2018, by and among Bioceres S.A., RASA Holding LLC and BAF Latam Credit Fund B.V.

 

 

 

2.4

 

Second Amendment to the Credit Agreement, dated as of January 30, 2019, by and among Bioceres S.A., RASA Holding LLC and BAF Latam Credit Fund B.V.

 

 

 

2.5

 

Third Amendment to the Credit Agreement, dated as of February 20, 2019, by and among Bioceres S.A., RASA Holding LLC and BAF Latam Credit Fund B.V.

 

 

 

2.6

 

Fourth Amendment to the Credit Agreement, dated as of March 8, 2019, by and among Bioceres S.A., RASA Holding LLC and BAF Latam Credit Fund B.V.

 

 

 

2.7

 

Export Prefinancing Credit Facility Agreement, dated as of March 20, 2018, by and among Bioceres S.A., RASA Holding LLC and BAF Latam Trade Finance Fund B.V.

 

 

 

2.8

 

First Amendment to Export Prefinancing Credit Facility Agreement, dated as of August 28, 2018, by and among Bioceres S.A., RASA Holding LLC and BAF Latam Trade Finance Fund B.V.

 

 

 

2.9

 

Intercompany Loan Agreement, dated as of March 14, 2019, by and between Bioceres S.A. and Bioceres Crop Solutions Corp.

 

 

 

4.1**

 

Share Exchange Agreement, dated as of November 8, 2018, by and among Union Acquisition Corp., Joseph J. Schena, in his capacity as the Pre-Closing Union Representative, and Bioceres, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to UAC’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-38405), filed with the SEC on November 8, 2018)

 

 

 

4.2**

 

Amendment to the Share Exchange Agreement, dated as of December 19, 2018 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to UAC’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-38405), filed with the SEC on December 20, 2018)

 

 

 

4.3

 

Shareholders Agreement, dated as of March 14, 2019, by and among Bioceres Crop Solutions Corp., Bioceres LLC and the shareholders named therein

 

 

 

4.4**

 

Letter Agreement with respect to Private Placement Warrants by and between Union Acquisition Corp. and the holders named therein (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to UAC’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-38405), filed with the SEC on December 20, 2018)

 

 

 

4.5

 

Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of March 14, 2019, by and among Bioceres Crop Solutions Corp. and the Investors named therein

 

 

 

4.6

 

Warrant Agreement, dated as of March 14, 2019, by and between Bioceres Crop Solutions Corp. and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company

 

 

 

4.7**

 

Specimen of Warrant Certificate (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to UAC’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-38405), filed with the SEC on November 8, 2018)

 

 

 

4.8**

 

Rizobacter Call Option Agreement, dated as of October 22, 2018 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to UAC’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-38405), filed with the SEC on November 13, 2018)

 

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4.9

 

Escrow Agreement, dated as of March 14, 2019, by and among Union Acquisition Corp., Joseph J. Schena, in his capacity as the Pre-Closing Union Representative, Bioceres S.A. and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company

 

 

 

4.10**

 

Lock-up Agreement, dated as of November 8, 2018, by and among Union Acquisition Corp., Joseph J. Schena, in his capacity as the Pre-Closing Union Representative, and Bioceres, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to UAC’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-38405), filed with the SEC on November 8, 2018)

 

 

 

4.11

 

Joinder Agreement, dated as of March 14, 2019, by and among Federico Trucco and the parties to the Share Exchange Agreement dated as of November 8, 2018

 

 

 

4.12

 

Indemnification Agreement, dated as of March 14, 2019, by and between Bioceres Crop Solutions Corp. and its directors

 

 

 

4.13

 

Stock Option Incentive Plan of Bioceres S.A.

 

 

 

4.14

 

Stock Grant Incentive Plan of Bioceres S.A.

 

 

 

4.15**

 

Side Letter to Exchange Agreement (lncorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to UAC’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-38405), filed with the SEC on March 14, 2019)

 

 

 

4.16**

 

Share Transfer Agreement (lncorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to UAC’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-38405), filed with the SEC on March 14, 2019)

 

 

 

8.1

 

List of subsidiaries of Bioceres Crop Solutions Corp., as of March 14, 2019: See “Item 4. Information on the Company — C. Organizational Structure.”

 

 

 

15.1

 

Consent of Price Waterhouse & Co. S.R.L., independent registered public accounting firm, with respect to Bioceres Inc. Crop Business and Bioceres Semillas S.A. Combined Financial Statements

 


** Previously filed.

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SIGNATURES

 

The registrant hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 20-F and that it has duly caused and authorized the undersigned to sign this registration statement on its behalf.

 

 

BIOCERES CROP SOLUTIONS CORP.

 

 

Date: March 14, 2019

By:

/s/ Federico Trucco

 

 

Name:

Federico Trucco

 

 

Title:

Chief Executive Officer

 

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INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

BIOCERES, INC. CROP BUSINESS & BIOCERES SEMILLAS S.A.—UNAUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

Condensed Combined Statements of Financial Position as of September 30, 2018 and June 30, 2018

F-2

Condensed Combined Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Three-Month Periods Ended September 30, 2018 and 2017

F-4

Condensed Combined Statements of Changes in Equity for the Three-Month Periods Ended September 30, 2018 and 2017

F-6

Condensed Combined Statements of Cash Flows for the Three-Month Periods Ended September 30, 2018 and 2017

F-7

Notes to Condensed Combined Financial Statements

F-9

BIOCERES, INC. CROP BUSINESS & BIOCERES SEMILLAS S.A.—AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

F-34

Combined Statements of Financial Position as of June 30, 2018, June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016

F-36

Combined Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Year Ended June 30, 2018, for the Six-Month Transition Period Ended June 30, 2017 and for the Years Ended December 31, 2016 and 2015

F-38

Combined Statements of Changes in Equity For The Year ended June 30, 2018, for the Six-Month Transition Period Ended June 30, 2017 and for the Years Ended December 31, 2016 and 2015

F-39

Combined Statements of Cash Flows for the Year Ended June 30, 2018, for Six-Month Transition Period Ended June 30, 2017 and for the Years Ended December 31, 2016 and 2015

F-40

Notes to Combined Financial Statements

F-42

 

F- 1


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BIOCERES INC CROP BUSINESS & BIOCERES SEMILLAS S.A.

UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED COMBINED

STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION

As of September 30, 2018 and June 30, 2018

(Amounts in USD)

 

 

 

Notes

 

09/30/2018

 

06/30/2018

 

ASSETS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CURRENT ASSETS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

5.1

 

3,255,981

 

2,215,103

 

Other financial assets

 

5.2

 

4,562,725

 

4,550,847

 

Trade receivables

 

5.3

 

52,806,907

 

52,888,427

 

Other receivables

 

5.4

 

4,982,346

 

4,240,205

 

Income and minimum presumed income taxes recoverable

 

 

 

1,476,193

 

2,082,269

 

Inventories

 

5.5

 

25,089,935

 

19,366,001

 

Total current assets

 

 

 

92,174,087

 

85,342,852

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

NON-CURRENT ASSETS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other financial assets

 

5.2

 

284,683

 

243,358

 

Other receivables

 

5.4

 

4,899,666

 

4,979,507

 

Income and minimum presumed income taxes recoverable

 

 

 

521,037

 

126,653

 

Deferred tax assets

 

 

 

597,522

 

5,601,821

 

Investments in joint ventures

 

9

 

22,509,645

 

19,072,055

 

Property, plant and equipment

 

5.6

 

37,441,647

 

40,177,146

 

Intangible assets

 

5.7

 

29,873,603

 

26,657,345

 

Goodwill

 

5.8

 

17,838,269

 

14,438,027

 

Total non-current assets

 

 

 

113,966,072

 

111,295,912

 

Total assets

 

 

 

206,140,159

 

196,638,764

 

 

The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Unaudited Interim condensed combined financial statements. Related parties balances and transactions are disclosed in Note 12.

 

F- 2


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BIOCERES INC CROP BUSINESS & BIOCERES SEMILLAS S.A.

UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED COMBINED

STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION

As of September 30, 2018 and June 30, 2018

(Amounts in USD)

 

 

 

Notes

 

09/30/2018

 

06/30/2018

 

LIABILITIES

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CURRENT LIABILITIES

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Trade and other payables

 

5.9

 

37,881,886

 

27,708,830

 

Borrowings

 

5.10

 

71,235,483

 

65,308,928

 

Employee benefits and social security

 

5.11

 

4,210,621

 

4,411,713

 

Deferred revenue and advances from customers

 

5.12

 

2,831,527

 

1,007,301

 

Income and minimum presumed income taxes payable

 

 

 

579

 

2,569

 

Government grants

 

5.13

 

6,257

 

17,695

 

Financed payment — Acquisition of business

 

5.16

 

20,616,463

 

20,223,590

 

Total current liabilities

 

 

 

136,782,816

 

118,680,626

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Borrowings

 

5.10

 

21,703,744

 

25,708,205

 

Government grants

 

5.13

 

10,871

 

15,532

 

Investments in joint ventures

 

9

 

2,086,376

 

2,012,298

 

Deferred tax liabilities

 

 

 

9,807,855

 

13,591,942

 

Provisions

 

5.14

 

458,874

 

845,486

 

Financed payment — Acquisition of business

 

5.16

 

2,702,519

 

2,651,019

 

Total non-current liabilities

 

 

 

36,770,239

 

44,824,482

 

Total liabilities

 

 

 

173,553,055

 

163,505,108

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

EQUITY

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Equity attributable to owners of the parent

 

 

 

11,116,962

 

13,713,484

 

Non-controlling interests

 

 

 

21,470,142

 

19,420,172

 

Total equity

 

 

 

32,587,104

 

33,133,656

 

Total equity and liabilities

 

 

 

206,140,159

 

196,638,764

 

 

The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Unaudited Interim condensed combined financial statements. Related parties balances and transactions are disclosed in Note 12.

 

F- 3


Table of Contents

 

BIOCERES INC CROP BUSINESS & BIOCERES SEMILLAS S.A.

UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED COMBINED

STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

For the three-month periods ended September 30, 2018 and 2017

(Amounts in USD)

 

 

 

Notes

 

09/30/2018

 

09/30/2017

 

Revenue

 

6.1

 

29,605,745

 

33,859,549

 

Government grants

 

5.13

 

6,479

 

14,612

 

Total revenue

 

 

 

29,612,224

 

33,874,161

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cost of sales

 

6.2

 

(14,499,010

)

(20,011,633

)

Research and development expenses

 

6.3

 

(1,048,492

)

(938,374

)

Selling, general and administrative expenses

 

6.4

 

(6,080,485

)

(8,395,208

)

Share of loss of joint ventures

 

9

 

80,156

 

55,117

 

Other income or expenses, net

 

 

 

101,611

 

(56,878

)

Operating profit

 

 

 

8,166,004

 

4,527,185

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Finance income

 

6.5

 

12,464,317

 

1,326,714

 

Finance costs

 

6.6

 

(26,199,971

)

(6,766,835

)

Loss before income tax

 

 

 

(5,569,650

)

(912,936

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income tax

 

 

 

1,970,393

 

289,837

 

Loss for the period

 

 

 

(3,599,257

)

(623,099

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other comprehensive income or loss

 

 

 

(16,395,253

)

(4,156,488

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Items that may be subsequently reclassified to profit and loss

 

 

 

(19,211,348

)

(4,156,488

)

Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations from joint ventures

 

 

 

(5,734,527

)

(1,264,283

)

Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations

 

 

 

(13,476,821

)

(2,892,205

)

Items that will not be subsequently reclassified to loss and profit

 

 

 

2,816,095

 

 

Revaluation of property, plant and equipment, net of tax, of JV and associates

 

 

 

562,268

 

 

Revaluation of property, plant and equipment, net of tax

 

 

 

2,253,827

 

 

Total comprehensive loss

 

 

 

(19,994,510

)

(4,779,587

)

Loss for the period attributable to:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Equity holders of the parent

 

 

 

(2,618,445

)

(826,318

)

Non-controlling interests

 

 

 

(980,812

)

203,219

 

 

 

 

 

(3,599,257

)

(623,099

)

Total comprehensive income/loss attributable to:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Equity holders of the parent

 

 

 

(14,247,185

)

(3,739,593

)

Non-controlling interests

 

 

 

(5,747,325

)

(1,039,994

)

 

 

 

 

(19,994,510

)

(4,779,587

)

 

The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Unaudited Interim condensed combined financial statements. Related party balances and transactions are disclosed in Note 12.

 

F- 4


Table of Contents

 

BIOCERES INC CROP BUSINESS & BIOCERES SEMILLAS S.A.

UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED COMBINED

STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY

For the three-month periods ended September 30, 2018 and 2017

(Amounts in USD)

 

 

 

Attributable to the Equity Holders of the Parent

 

Description

 

Parent
Company
Investment
(Note 9.1)

 

Stock
Options

 

Retained
Deficit

 

Foreign
Currency

Translation
Reserve

 

Revaluation

of PP&E

 

Equity/(Deficit
Attributable to
Owners of the
Parent

 

Non-controlling
Interests

 

Total Equity

 

06/30/2017

 

56,257,329

 

72,822

 

(15,110,050

)

(6,598,080

)

1,219,600

 

35,841,621

 

41,397,445

 

77,239,066

 

Stock Options

 

 

10,540

 

 

 

 

10,540

 

 

10,540

 

Loss for the period

 

 

 

(826,318

)

 

 

(826,318

)

203,219

 

(623,099

)

Other comprehensive loss

 

 

 

 

(2,913,275

)

 

(2,913,275

)

(1,243,213

)

(4,156,488

)

09/30/2017

 

57,257,329

 

83,362

 

(15,936,368

)

(9,511,355

)

1,219,600

 

32,112,568

 

40,357,451

 

72,470,019

 

 

 

 

Attributable to the Equity Holders of the Parent

 

Description

 

Parent
Company
Investment
(Note 9.1)

 

Stock
Options

 

Retained
Deficit

 

Foreign
Currency
Translation
Reserve

 

Revaluation
of PP&E

 

Equity/(Deficit
Attributable to
Owners of the
Parent

 

Non-controlling
Interests

 

Total Equity

 

06/30/2018

 

68,026,259

 

102,827

 

(26,149,583

)

(36,612,070

)

8,346,051

 

13,713,484

 

19,420,172

 

33,133,656

 

Adjustment of opening balance for the application of IAS 29

 

14,449,251

 

(43,693

)

5,199,342

 

(44,876

)

 

19,560,024

 

7,797,295

 

27,357,319

 

Parent company investment

 

(7,913,165

)

 

 

 

 

(7,913,165

)

 

(7,913,165

)

Stock options

 

 

3,804

 

 

 

 

3,804

 

 

3,804

 

Loss for the period

 

 

 

(2,618,445

)

 

 

(2,618,445

)

(980,812

)

(3,599,257

)

Other comprehensive income

 

 

 

 

(15,571,273

)

3,942,533

 

(11,628,740

)

(4,766,513

)

(16,395,253

)

09/30/2018

 

74,562,345

 

62,938

 

(23,568,686

)

(52,228,219

)

12,288,584

 

11,116,962

 

21,470,142

 

32,587,104

 

 

The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Unaudited Interim condensed combined financial statements. Related parties balances and transactions are disclosed in Note 12.

 

F- 5


Table of Contents

 

BIOCERES INC CROP BUSINESS & BIOCERES SEMILLAS S.A.

UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED COMBINED

STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

For the three-month periods ended September 30, 2018 and 2017

(Amounts in USD)

 

 

 

Notes

 

09/30/2018

 

09/30/2017

 

OPERATING ACTIVITIES

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Loss for the period

 

 

 

(3,599,257

)

(623,099

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Adjustments to reconcile loss to net cash flows

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income tax

 

 

 

(1,970,393

)

(289,837

)

Depreciation of property, plant and equipment

 

5.6

 

404,284

 

634,431

 

Amortization of intangible assets

 

5.7

 

417,871

 

577,033

 

Share of loss of joint ventures

 

9

 

(80,156

)

(55,117

)

Changes in fair value of financial assets

 

 

 

(29,349

)

(47,680

)

Provisions for contingencies

 

5.16

 

(5,047

)

 

Allowance for impairment of trade debtors

 

5.16

 

(9,067

)

381,551

 

Allowance for obsolescence

 

5.16

 

213,534

 

19,923

 

Stock option

 

 

 

3,804

 

10,540

 

Gain or loss on sale of equipment and intangible assets

 

 

 

12,552

 

425,327

 

Interests and exchange differences from borrowings

 

 

 

598,381

 

(2,991,704

)

Other financial results accrued

 

 

 

(1,639,347

)

(21,644

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Working capital adjustments

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Trade receivables

 

 

 

90,587

 

(16,297,522

)

Other receivables

 

 

 

(662,300

)

2,314,520

 

Income and minimum presumed income taxes

 

 

 

209,702

 

1,416,245

 

Inventories

 

 

 

(5,937,468

)

(5,155,807

)

Trade and other payables

 

 

 

10,045,240

 

13,239,243

 

Employee benefits and social security

 

 

 

(201,092

)

350,431

 

Deferred revenue and advances from customers

 

 

 

1,824,226

 

1,310,369

 

Income and minimum presumed income taxes payable

 

 

 

 

(863,169

)

Government grants

 

 

 

(16,099

)

(19,278

)

Net cash flows used in operating activities

 

 

 

(329,394

)

(5,685,244

)

 

The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Unaudited Interim condensed combined financial statements. Related parties balances and transactions are disclosed in Note 12.

 

F- 6


Table of Contents

 

BIOCERES INC CROP BUSINESS & BIOCERES SEMILLAS S.A.
UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED COMBINED
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
For the three-month periods ended September 30, 2018 and 2017
(Amounts in USD)

 

 

 

Notes

 

09/30/2018

 

09/30/2017

 

INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Purchase of property, plant and equipment

 

5.6

 

(114,063

)

(303,225

)

Loans granted to joint ventures

 

 

 

 

(2,059,818

)

Capitalized development expenditures

 

5.7

 

(283,752

)

(111,124

)

Purchase of intangible assets

 

5.7

 

 

(236

)

Net cash flows used in investing activities

 

 

 

(397,815

)

(2,474,403

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

FINANCING ACTIVITIES

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Proceeds from borrowings

 

 

 

16,101,533

 

72,737,914

 

Repayment of borrowings and interest payments

 

 

 

(13,158,772

)

(65,108,984

)

(Decrease)/Increase bank overdraft and other short-term borrowings

 

 

 

(1,174,674

)

296,282

 

Net cash flows provided by financing activities

 

 

 

1,768,087

 

7,925,212

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

 

 

 

1,040,878

 

(234,435

)

Cash and cash equivalents as of beginning of the period

 

5.1

 

2,215,103

 

1,679,478

 

Cash and cash equivalents as of the end of the period

 

5.1

 

3,255,981

 

1,445,043

 

 

The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Unaudited Interim condensed combined financial statements. Related parties balances and transactions are disclosed in Note 12.

 

F- 7


Table of Contents

 

BIOCERES INC CROP BUSINESS & BIOCERES SEMILLAS S.A.

NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of September 30, 2018, June 30, 2018 and for the three-month

periods ended September 30, 2018 and 2017

(Amounts in USD, except otherwise indicated)

 

Index

 

 

1.

 

General information

2.

 

Accounting standards and basis of preparation

2.1.

 

Statement of compliance with IFRS as issued by IASB

2.2.

 

Scope of combination

2.3.

 

Authorization for the issue of the Unaudited Interim condensed combined financial Statements

2.4.

 

Basis of measurement

2.5.

 

Functional currency and presentation currency

2.6.

 

Changes in accounting policies

2.7.

 

Changes in accounting estimates and judgements

2.8.

 

Changes in subsidiaries

3.

 

New standards, amendments and interpretations issued by the IASB

4.

 

Seasonality

5.

 

Information about components of Interim condensed combined statements of financial position

5.1.

 

Cash and cash equivalents

5.2.

 

Other financial assets

5.3.

 

Trade receivables

5.4.

 

Other receivables

5.5.

 

Inventories

5.6.

 

Property, plant and equipment

5.7.

 

Intangible assets

5.8.

 

Goodwill

5.9.

 

Trade and other payables

5.10.

 

Borrowings

5.11.

 

Employee benefits and social security

5.12.

 

Deferred revenue and advances from customers

5.13.

 

Government grants

5.14.

 

Provisions

5.15.

 

Financed payment — Acquisition of business

5.16.

 

Changes in allowances and provisions

6.

 

Information about components of combined statement of comprehensive income

6.1.

 

Revenue

 

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6.2.

 

Cost of sales

6.3.

 

R&D classified by nature

6.4.

 

Expenses classified by nature and function

6.5.

 

Finance income

6.6.

 

Finance costs

7.

 

Information about combined components of equity

7.1.

 

Parent company investment

7.2.

 

Non-controlling interest

8.

 

Cash flow information

9.

 

Joint ventures

10.

 

Segment information

11.

 

Financial instruments- risk management

11.1

 

Financial instruments measured at fair value

11.2

 

Financial instruments not measured at fair value

12.

 

Shareholders and other related parties balances and transactions

13.

 

Key management personnel compensation

14.

 

Contingencies, commitments and restrictions on the distribution of profits

15.

 

Events occurring after the reporting period

 

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1.                    GENERAL INFORMATION

 

These Combined financial statements are comprised by Bioceres Inc Crop Business, using a carve-out basis (“Bioceres Inc Crop Business”) and Bioceres Semillas S.A. (“Bioceres Semillas” and together with Bioceres Inc Crop Business, the “Group”).

 

BCS Holdings, Inc (“BCS Holdings”) will be a US domiciled holding company that will be created prior to the consummation of the business combination with Union Acquisition Corp. (“Union”), a Cayman Islands exempted special purpose acquisition company listed on the New York Stock Exchange and Domestic filer for SEC purposes. BCS Holdings will receive from Bioceres Inc certain assets and liabilities prior to the consummation of the business combination. Bioceres Inc Crop Business, through the newly created holding intermediate BCS Holdings, and Bioceres Semillas will be acquired by Union in the business combination.

 

The Group is a fully-integrated agricultural biotechnology business with a leadership position in the South America region. It operates multiple technology platforms to develop and commercialize products that enhance crop productivity and expand feedstock applications in order to provide value to its customers around the world. The Group is ultimately controlled by Bioceres S.A., domiciled in the City of Rosario, Province of Santa Fe, Argentina.

 

See the details of the business combination in the Combined financial statements as of June 30, 2018, June 30, 2017, December 31, 2016, for the year ended June 30, 2018, for the six-month transition period ended June 30, 2017 and for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015.

 

Financial and economic situation

 

Upon completion of the business combination with Union, the newly created BCS Holdings will have access to funds released from Union´s Trust Account after payment of any shares redemptions that could occur.

 

With net proceeds from the business combination the newly created BCS Holdings intends to meet current financial obligations arising from the acquisition of Rizobacter. These financial obligations are represented by outstanding deferred payments to sellers of Rizobacter, as well as current borrowings obtained by the Group in the past and used to pay installments of the acquisition as they became due (Note 5.15). Furthermore, remaining net proceeds from the business combination with Union after payment of acquisition related obligations, will be destined to working capital requirements enabling the Group to optimize its capital structure and financing costs.

 

To meet short-term debts, the Group could, if necessary, issue a new Corporate Bond up to US$40 million. This program is already authorized by the regulatory authorities of Argentina and could be allocated to the Group’s needs (Note 5.15). In addition, the Group has revolving credit facilities up to an amount of USD 31.1 million with financial institutions, that jointly with the generation of resources from the business operations, allows the Group to meet its current financial obligations.

 

2.                    ACCOUNTING STANDARDS AND BASIS OF PREPARATION

 

2.1             Statement of compliance with IFRS as issued by IASB

 

These unaudited interim condensed combined financial statements for the three-months period ended September 30, 2018 has been prepared in accordance with Accounting Standard IAS 34 Interim Financial Reporting.

 

These unaudited interim condensed combined financial statements does not include all the notes of the type normally included in an annual Financial Statements. Accordingly, these unaudited interim condensed combined financial statements is to be read in conjunction with the Combined financial statements as of June 30, 2018.

 

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2.2             Scope of combination

 

IFRS provides no guidelines for the preparation of combined financial statements, which are therefore subject to the rules given in International Accounting Standards (IAS) 8.12. This paragraph requires consideration of the most recent pronouncements of other standard-setting bodies, other financial reporting requirements and recognized industry practices. During the reporting periods of the Unaudited Interim condensed combined financial statements, the assets and liabilities forming the Group were under common control of Bioceres.

 

2.3             Authorization for the issue of the Unaudited Interim condensed combined financial statements

 

These Unaudited Interim condensed combined financial statements of the Group as of September 30, 2018, June 30, 2018 and for the three-month period ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 have been authorized by the Board of Directors of Bioceres S.A. at their meetings held on December 21, 2018.

 

2.4             Basis of measurement

 

The Unaudited Interim condensed combined financial statements of the Group have been prepared using:

 

·                        Going Concern Basis of Accounting, considering the conclusion of the assessment made by the Group’s Management about the ability of the Group and its subsidiaries to continue as a going concern, in accordance with the requirements of paragraph 25 of IAS 1, “Presentation of Financial Statements”.

 

·                        Accrual Basis of Accounting (except for cash flows information). Under this basis of accounting, the effects of transactions and other events are recognized as they occur, even when there are no cash flows.

 

2.5             Functional currency and presentation currency

 

(a)               Functional currency

 

Items included in the financial statements of each of the Group’s entities are measured using the currency of the primary economic market in which the entity operates (i.e., “the functional currency”).

 

IAS 29 “Financial reporting in hyperinflationary economies” requires that the financial statements of an entity whose functional currency is the currency of a hyperinflationary economy with high inflation, whether they are based on the historical cost method or the current cost method, be stated in terms of the measuring unit current at the closing date of the reporting period. For such purpose, the inflation produced from the acquisition date or the revaluation date, as applicable, must be computed in non-monetary items. The standard details a series of factors to be considered for concluding whether an economy is a hyperinflationary economy, including, but not limited to, a cumulative inflation rate over a three-year period that approaches or exceeds 100%. Inflation accumulated in three years, as of June 30, 2018, is over 100%. It is for this reason that, in accordance with IAS 29, the Argentine economy should be considered as high inflation since July 1, 2018. Consequently, the Group has begun the restatement of its financial statements in accordance with IAS 29.

 

In an inflationary period, any entity that maintains an excess of monetary assets over monetary liabilities, will lose purchasing power, and any entity that maintains an excess of monetary liabilities on monetary assets, will gain purchasing power, provided that such items are not subject to an adjustment mechanism.

 

Briefly, the restatement mechanism of IAS 29 establishes that monetary assets and liabilities will not be restated because they are already expressed in a current unit of measurement at the end of the reporting period. Assets and liabilities subject to adjustments based on specific agreements, will be adjusted according to that agreements. Non-monetary items measured at their current values at the end of the reporting period, such as the net realizable value or others, do not need to be restated. The remaining non-monetary assets and liabilities will

 

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be restated for a general price index. The loss or gain for the net monetary position will be included in the net result of the reporting period, revealing this information in a separate line item.

 

The inflation adjustment on the initial balances was calculated by means of conversion factor derived from the Argentine price indexes published by the National Institute of Statistics. The average index for the three-month period ended September 30, 2018, was 1.141.

 

The comparative figures in these Unaudited Interim condensed combined financial statements presented in a stable currency are not adjusted for subsequent changes in the price level or exchange rates. This resulted in an initial difference, arising on the adoption of hyperinflation accounting, between the closing equity of the previous year and the opening equity of the current year. The Company recognized this initial difference directly in equity.

 

(b)               Presentation currency

 

The Unaudited Interim condensed combined financial statements of the Group are presented in USD, which is the presentation currency.

 

(c)                Foreign currency

 

Transactions entered into by Group entities in a currency other than their functional currency are recorded at the relevant exchange rates as of the date upon which such transactions occur. Foreign currency monetary assets and liabilities are translated at the prevailing exchanges rates as of the final day of each reporting period. Exchange differences arising on the retranslation of unsettled monetary assets and liabilities are recognized immediately in profit or loss, except for foreign currency borrowings qualifying as a hedge of a net investment in a foreign operation for which exchange differences are recognized in other comprehensive income and accumulated in the foreign exchange reserve along with the exchange differences arising on the retranslation of the foreign operation. Upon the disposal of a foreign operation, the cumulative exchange differences recognized in the foreign exchange reserve relating to such operation up to the date of disposal are transferred to the Combined statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income as part of the profit or loss taking place upon such disposal.

 

2.6             Changes in accounting policies

 

The accounting policies adopted in the preparation of the Unaudited Interim condensed financial statements are consistent with those adopted for the preparation of the Annual combined financial statements.

 

2.7             Changes in accounting estimates and judgments

 

There were no significant changes in accounting estimates and judgments with respect to the Combined financial statements as of June 30, 2018, June 30, 2017, December 31, 2016, for the year ended June 30, 2018, for the six-month transition period ended June 30, 2017 and for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015.

 

2.8             Changes in subsidiaries

 

At the end of the period ended September 30, 2018, the participation of Rizobacter S.A. in Indrasa S.A. decreased by 35%, therefore the Group loss the control over this subsidiary.

 

3.                    NEW STANDARDS, AMENDMENTS AND INTERPRETATIONS ISSUED BY THE IASB

 

The following new standards became applicable for the current reporting period and the Group had to change its accounting policies as a result of adopting the following standards:

 

-IFRS 15 Revenue from Contracts with Customers

 

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The main changes are the following:

 

The standard introduces a new five-step model for recognizing revenue from contracts with customers:

 

(1)               Identifying the contract with the customer.

 

(2)               Identifying separate performance obligations in the contract.

 

(3)               Determining the transaction price.

 

(4)               Allocating the transaction price to separate performance obligations.

 

(5)               5Recognizing revenue when the performance obligations are satisfied.

 

The Group has chosen a modified retrospective application of IFRS 15.

 

The impact of adopting IFRS 15 was not significant and therefore no cumulative effect upon adoption was recorded.

 

The standards and interpretations issued, but not yet in force at the date of issuance of these Unaudited Interim condensed combined financial statements, which are or may be applicable to the Group, are:

 

IFRS 16 — Leases.

 

IFRIC 23: Uncertainty over income tax treatments

 

The Group intends to adopt these standards and interpretations when they enter into force, except that the opposite is indicated.

 

IFRS 16 — Leases

 

IFRS 16 was issued in January 2016. It will result in almost all leases being recognized on the balance sheet, as the distinction between operating and finance leases will be removed. Under the new standard, an asset (the right to use the leased item) and a financial liability to pay rentals are recognized. The only exceptions are short-term and low-value leases.

 

The accounting for lessors will not significantly change.

 

The standard will affect primarily the accounting for the Group’s operating leases. However, the Group has not yet assessed what adjustments, if any, are necessary due to the change in the definition of the lease term and the different treatment of variable lease payments and of extension and termination options. It is therefore not yet possible to estimate the amount of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities that will have to be recognized on adoption of the new standard and how this may affect the Group’s profit or loss and classification of cash flows going forward.

 

The new standard will be effective for financial years commencing on or after January 1, 2019. At this stage, the Group does not intend to adopt the standard before its effective date.

 

The Group is currently assessing the impact of the new disclosure requirements and currently it is not possible to estimate the potential effects to the Group.

 

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IFRIC 23: Uncertainty over income tax treatments

 

On 7 June 2017, the IFRS Interpretations Committee (IFRS IC) issued IFRIC 23, which clarifies how the recognition and measurement requirements of IAS 12 Income taxes are applied where there is uncertainty over income tax treatments.

 

The interpretation specifically addresses: i) whether an entity considers uncertain tax treatments separately, ii) the assumptions an entity makes about the examination of tax treatments by taxation authorities, iii) how an entity determines taxable profit (tax loss), tax bases, unused tax losses, unused tax credits and tax rates and iv) how an entity considers changes in facts and circumstances.

 

IFRIC 23 is effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2019. At this stage, the Group does not intend to adopt the standard before its effective date. The Group does not expect impacts due to the application of this interpretation.

 

4.                    SEASONALITY

 

The Group revenues fluctuate depending on the timing of orders from our distributors and customers and on prevailing seed market prices, which influence the purchase decisions of growers, the end users of seed and integrated products, crop protection products and crop nutrition products. Given the cyclicality of crop planting and harvesting and South America’s planting and growing seasons, which vary from year to year, our business is highly seasonal. This results in substantial fluctuations in quarterly sales and profitability. Generally, the Group sales are concentrated in the third and fourth quarters of each calendar year, when demand for seed and integrated products, crop protection products and crop nutrition products increases as growers begin planting their fields. With seed and integrated products business, the Group contract with growers and seed suppliers based upon our anticipated market demand. Generally, in seed and integrated products business we stock the seed during the harvest season and ship from inventory throughout the year, with the objective of selling most of the inventory from the current year’s harvest before the next year’s, with crop protection and crop nutrition business following a similar cycle to the seed cycle. The impact of seasonality and the resulting fluctuations in quarterly results may be moderated as we achieve our international expansion plans for seed business in geographies with contrasting seasons and climates.

 

5.                    INFORMATION ABOUT COMPONENTS OF UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED COMBINED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION

 

5.1             Cash and cash equivalents

 

 

 

09/30/2018

 

06/30/2018

 

Cash and banks

 

3,255,981

 

2,215,103

 

 

 

3,255,981

 

2,215,103

 

 

5.2             Other financial assets

 

 

 

09/30/2018

 

06/30/2018

 

Current

 

 

 

 

 

Other marketable securities

 

8,766

 

12,526

 

Restricted short-term deposit

 

4,553,959

 

4,538,321

 

 

 

4,562,725

 

4,550,847

 

 

 

 

09/30/2018

 

06/30/2018

 

Non-current

 

 

 

 

 

Shares of Bioceres S.A.

 

282,977

 

240,920

 

Other marketable securities

 

1,706

 

2,438

 

 

 

284,683

 

243,358

 

 

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5.3             Trade receivables

 

 

 

09/30/2018

 

06/30/2018

 

Trade debtors

 

39,761,550

 

44,641,053

 

Allowance for impairment of trade debtors

 

(2,655,975

)

(3,212,170

)

Shareholders and other related parties (Note 12)

 

940,126

 

571,216

 

Allowance for impairment of related parties (Note 12)

 

(22,246

)

(23,126

)

Allowance for return of goods

 

(415,987

)

(1,517,361

)

Trade debtors — Parent company (Note 12)

 

401,017

 

361,606

 

Trade debtors — Joint ventures (Note 12)

 

174,441

 

209,039

 

Discounted and deferred checks

 

14,623,981

 

11,858,170

 

 

 

52,806,907

 

52,888,427

 

 

Variations in the allowance for uncollectible trade receivables are reported in Note 5.16.

 

5.4             Other receivables

 

 

 

09/30/2018

 

06/30/2018

 

Current

 

 

 

 

 

Taxes

 

891,983

 

664,926

 

Insurance to be accrued

 

7,699

 

9,219

 

Other receivables — Shareholders and other related parties (Note 12)

 

3,656

 

119,677

 

Other receivables — Parent Company (Note 12)

 

322,475

 

103,251

 

Other receivables — Joint ventures (Note 12)

 

1,732,782

 

1,962,459

 

Prepayments to suppliers

 

1,411,969

 

516,742

 

Reimbursements over exports

 

362,563

 

362,815

 

Loans receivable

 

 

1,360

 

Miscellaneous

 

249,219

 

499,756

 

 

 

4,982,346

 

4,240,205

 

 

 

 

09/30/2018

 

06/30/2018

 

Non-current

 

 

 

 

 

Taxes

 

115,983

 

295,924

 

Reimbursements over exports

 

547,771

 

346,575

 

Other receivables — Joint ventures (Note 12)

 

4,235,912

 

4,337,008

 

 

 

4,899,666

 

4,979,507

 

 

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5.5             Inventories

 

 

 

09/30/2018

 

06/30/2018

 

Agrochemicals

 

15,666

 

94,486

 

Seeds and grains

 

842,468

 

514,000

 

Microbiological resale products

 

12,531,586

 

8,389,191

 

Microbiological products produced

 

6,573,530

 

6,383,263

 

Goods in transit

 

2,564,976

 

776,869

 

Supplies

 

3,409,033

 

3,978,934

 

Allowance for obsolescence

 

(847,324

)

(770,742

)

 

 

25,089,935

 

19,366,001

 

 

The roll-forward of allowance for obsolescence is in Note 5.16.

 

5.6             Property, plant and equipment

 

Property, plant and equipment as of September 30, 2018 and June 30, 2018 included the following:

 

 

 

09/30/2018

 

06/30/2018

 

Gross carrying amount

 

42,834,109

 

44,764,394

 

Accumulated depreciation

 

(5,392,462

)

(4,587,248

)

Net carrying amount

 

37,441,647

 

40,177,146

 

 

1. Net carrying amount for each class of assets is as follows:

 

 

 

Net
 Carrying
 Amount

 

Net
 Carrying
 Amount

 

Class

 

09/30/2018

 

06/30/2018

 

Office equipment

 

174,591

 

194,819

 

Vehicles

 

1,053,083

 

1,099,603

 

Equipment and computer software

 

144,636

 

212,236

 

Fixtures and fittings

 

3,473,264

 

3,508,083

 

Machinery and equipment

 

4,985,386

 

4,466,293

 

Land and buildings

 

27,372,483

 

30,513,273

 

Buildings in progress

 

238,204

 

182,839

 

Total

 

37,441,647

 

40,177,146

 

 

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2. Gross carrying amount as of September 30, 2018 is as follows:

 

 

 

Gross Carrying Amount

 

Class

 

As of the
Beginning
of Period

 

Adjustment
of Opening
Net Book
Amount for
Application
of IAS 29

 

Additions

 

Disposals

 

Foreign
Currency
Translation

 

Revaluation

 

As of the
End of
Period

 

Office equipment

 

243,948

 

194,944

 

11,713

 

(6,605

)

(162,867

)

 

281,133

 

Vehicles

 

1,660,294

 

623,032

 

20,893

 

 

(556,330

)

 

1,747,889

 

Equipment and computer software

 

419,638

 

299,670

 

7,692

 

 

(238,075

)

 

488,925

 

Fixtures and fittings

 

3,826,665

 

1,777,746

 

 

 

(1,513,426

)

 

4,090,985

 

Machinery and equipment

 

5,404,029

 

3,303,509

 

33,146

 

(18,643

)

(2,333,061

)

 

6,388,980

 

Land and buildings

 

33,026,981

 

3,356,144

 

 

 

(10,199,207

)

3,414,075

 

29,597,993

 

Buildings in progress

 

182,839

 

96,409

 

40,619

 

 

(81,663

)

 

238,204

 

Total

 

44,764,394

 

9,651,454

 

114,063

 

(25,248

)

(15,084,629

)

3,414,075

 

42,834,109

 

 

 

3. Accumulated depreciation as of September 30, 2018 is as follows:

 

 

 

Depreciation

 

Class

 

As of the
Beginning
of Period

 

Adjustment
of Opening
Net Book
Amount for
Application
of IAS 29

 

Disposals

 

Of the
Period

 

Foreign
Currency
Translation

 

Revaluation

 

As of the
End of
Period

 

Office equipment

 

49,129

 

155,774

 

(3,116

)

6,630

 

(101,875

)

 

106,542

 

Vehicles

 

560,691

 

293,553

 

 

83,682

 

(243,120

)

 

694,806

 

Equipment and computer software

 

207,402

 

300,560

 

 

11,391

 

(175,064

)

 

344,289

 

Fixtures and fittings

 

318,582

 

506,331

 

 

68,107

 

(275,299

)

 

617,721

 

Machinery and equipment

 

937,736

 

1,178,567

 

(9,580

)

125,981

 

(829,110

)

 

1,403,594

 

Land and buildings

 

2,513,708

 

392,419

 

 

108,493

 

(1,192,222

)

403,112

 

2,225,510

 

Total

 

4,587,248

 

2,827,204

 

(12,696

)

404,284

 

(2,816,690

)

403,112

 

5,392,462

 

 

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4. Gross carrying amount as of September 30, 2017 is as follows:

 

 

 

Gross Carrying Amount

 

Class

 

Adjustment
of Opening
Net Book
Amount for
Application
of IAS 29

 

Additions

 

Transfers

 

Disposals

 

Foreign
Currency
Translation

 

Revaluation

 

As of the
End of
Period

 

Office equipment

 

252,220

 

4,133

 

 

(4,812

)

(6,614

)

 

244,927

 

Vehicles

 

2,223,102

 

108,123

 

 

(82,974

)

(58,940

)

 

2,189,311

 

Equipment and computer software

 

426,530

 

9,718

 

3,812

 

 

(13,074

)

 

426,986

 

Fixtures and fittings

 

4,665,074

 

282

 

188,163

 

 

(182,786

)

 

4,670,733

 

Machinery and equipment

 

9,177,077

 

52,293

 

 

(26,061

)

(381,022

)

 

8,822,287

 

Land and buildings

 

30,931,226

 

50,798

 

94,755

 

 

(1,201,029

)

 

29,875,750

 

Buildings in progress

 

870,469

 

77,878

 

(286,730

)

(46,240

)

(27,362

)

 

588,015

 

Total

 

48,545,698

 

303,225

 

 

(160,087

)

(1,870,827

)

 

46,818,009

 

 

5. Accumulated depreciation as of September 30, 2017 is as follows:

 

 

 

Depreciation

 

Class

 

Adjustment
of Opening
Net Book
Amount for
Application
of IAS 29

 

Disposals

 

Of the
Period

 

Foreign
Currency
Translation

 

Revaluation

 

As of the
End of
Period

 

Office equipment

 

31,522

 

 

8,103

 

(810

)

 

38,815

 

Vehicles

 

373,216

 

(37,985

)

188,085

 

(7,075

)

 

516,241

 

Equipment and computer software

 

118,169

 

 

33,972

 

(1,771

)

 

150,370

 

Fixtures and fittings

 

204,171

 

 

62,969

 

(7,815

)

 

259,325

 

Machinery and equipment

 

771,636

 

 

197,335

 

(52,809

)

 

916,162

 

Land and buildings

 

828,109

 

 

143,967

 

(31,897

)

 

940,179

 

Total

 

2,326,823

 

(37,985

)

634,431

 

(102,177

)

 

2,821,092

 

 

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Table of Contents

 

The depreciation charge is included in Notes 6.3 and 6.4.

 

Revaluation of property, plant and equipment

 

At a minimum, the Group updates their assessment of the fair value of its land and buildings at the end of each reporting year (after the revaluation policy was adopted), taking into account the most recent independent valuations and market data. Valuations were performed at September 30, 2018. Management determined the property, plant and equipment’s value within a range of reasonable fair value estimates.

 

All resulting fair value estimates for properties are included in level 3.

 

5.7             Intangible assets

 

Intangible assets as of September 30, 2018 and June 30, 2018 included the following:

 

 

 

09/30/2018

 

06/30/2018

 

Gross carrying amount

 

33,235,633

 

29,155,315

 

Accumulated amortization

 

(3,362,030

)

(2,497,970

)

Net carrying amount

 

29,873,603

 

26,657,345

 

 

1. Net carrying amount of each class of intangible assets is as follows:

 

Class

 

Net Carrying
Amount
09/30/2018

 

Net Carrying
Amount
06/30/2018

 

Seed and integrated products

 

 

 

 

 

Soybean HB4

 

5,158,705

 

4,927,853

 

Crop nutrition

 

 

 

 

 

Microbiology products

 

1,550,407

 

2,122,484

 

Other intangible assets

 

 

 

 

 

Trademarks and patents

 

6,447,979

 

5,574,682

 

Software

 

1,456,259

 

949,310

 

Customer loyalty

 

15,260,253

 

13,083,016

 

Total

 

29,873,603

 

26,657,345

 

 

2. Gross carrying amount as of September 30, 2018 is as follows:

 

 

 

Gross Carrying Amount

 

Class

 

As of the
Beginning
of Period

 

Adjustment
of Opening
Net Book
Amount for
Application
of IAS 29

 

Additions

 

Disposals

 

Foreign
Currency
Translation

 

As of the
End of
Period

 

Seed and integrated products

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Soybean HB4

 

4,927,853

 

 

230,852

 

 

 

5,158,705

 

Crop nutrition

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Microbiology products

 

2,505,864

 

192,658

 

52,900

 

 

(668,350

)

2,083,072

 

Other intangible assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Trademarks and patents

 

6,278,706

 

3,005,387

 

 

 

(1,884,375

)

7,399,718

 

Software

 

1,444,603

 

1,484,407

 

 

 

(832,444

)

2,096,566

 

Customer loyalty

 

13,998,289

 

6,700,470

 

 

 

(4,201,187

)

16,497,572

 

Total

 

29,155,315

 

11,382,922

 

283,752

 

 

(7,586,356

)

33,235,633

 

 

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Table of Contents

 

3. Accumulated amortization as of September 30, 2018 is as follows:

 

 

 

Amortization

 

Class

 

Accumulated
as of
Beginning of
Period

 

Adjustment
of Opening
Net Book
Amount for
Application
of IAS 29

 

Disposals

 

Of the
Period

 

Foreign
Currency
Translation

 

Accumulated
as of the End
of Period

 

Crop nutrition

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Microbiology products

 

383,380

 

245,725

 

 

64,518

 

(160,958

)

532,665

 

Other intangible assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Trademarks and patents

 

704,024

 

336,989

 

 

122,018

 

(211,292

)

951,739

 

Software

 

495,293

 

278,679

 

 

72,705

 

(206,370

)

640,307

 

Customer loyalty

 

915,273

 

438,107

 

 

158,630

 

(274,691

)

1,237,319

 

Total

 

2,497,970

 

1,299,500

 

 

417,871

 

(853,311

)

3,362,030

 

 

4. Gross carrying amount as of September 30, 2017 is as follows:

 

 

 

Gross Carrying Amount

 

Class

 

As of the
Beginning
of Period

 

Additions

 

Disposals

 

Foreign
Currency
Translation

 

As of the
End of
Period

 

Seed and integrated products

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Soybean HB4

 

3,111,253

 

 

 

 

3,111,253

 

Crop nutrition

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Microbiology products

 

3,782,238

 

111,124

 

 

(149,011

)

3,744,351

 

Other intangible assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Trademarks and patents

 

10,906,317

 

 

 

(429,681

)

10,476,636

 

Software

 

1,787,925

 

236

 

 

(70,439

)

1,717,722

 

Customer loyalty

 

24,315,484

 

 

 

(957,968

)

23,357,516

 

Total

 

43,903,217

 

111,360

 

 

(1,607,099

)

42,407,478

 

 

5. Accumulated amortization as of September 30, 2017 is as follows:

 

F- 20


Table of Contents

 

 

 

Amortization

 

Class

 

Accumulated
as of
Beginning of
Period

 

Disposals

 

Of the Period

 

Foreign
Currency
Translation

 

Accumulated
as of the End
of Period

 

Crop nutrition

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Microbiology products

 

290,969

 

 

89,805

 

(11,217

)

369,557

 

Other intangible assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Trademarks and patents

 

503,553

 

 

172,282

 

(19,367

)

656,468

 

Software

 

395,156

 

 

90,969

 

(15,319

)

470,806

 

Customer loyalty

 

654,648

 

 

223,977

 

(25,177

)

853,448

 

Total

 

1,844,326

 

 

577,033

 

(71,080

)

2,350,279

 

 

The amortization charge is included in Notes 6.3 and 6.4.

 

5.8             Goodwill

 

The variations in goodwill occurred during the periods combined correspond to the restatement as a result of inflation adjustment and conversion to presentation currency. There have been no goodwill impairment indicators.

 

Carrying amount of goodwill as of September 30, 2018 and June 30, 2018 is as follows:

 

 

 

09/30/2018

 

06/30/2018

 

Rizobacter

 

17,838,269

 

14,438,027

 

Total

 

17,838,269

 

14,438,027

 

 

5.9             Trade and other payables

 

 

 

09/30/2018

 

06/30/2018

 

Trade creditors

 

28,749,755

 

22,222,872

 

Shareholders and other related parties (Note 12)

 

273,135

 

365,994

 

Trade creditors — Joint ventures (Note 12)

 

7,825,308

 

3,493,113

 

Taxes

 

35,469

 

35,391

 

Miscellaneous

 

998,219

 

1,591,460

 

 

 

37,881,886

 

27,708,830

 

 

5.10      Borrowings

 

 

 

09/30/2018

 

06/30/2018

 

Current

 

 

 

 

 

Bank overdraft

 

171,594

 

532,912

 

Bank borrowings

 

44,885,681

 

44,061,555

 

Corporate bonds

 

 

3,262,924

 

BAF Loans

 

11,667,802

 

5,112,222

 

Discount checks

 

9,068,530

 

10,243,204

 

Loans payables-Parent company (Note 12)

 

5,221,697

 

1,816,084

 

Finance lease

 

220,179

 

280,027

 

 

 

71,235,483

 

65,308,928

 

Non-current

 

 

 

 

 

Bank borrowings

 

21,403,969

 

25,253,940

 

Finance lease

 

299,775

 

454,265

 

 

 

21,703,744

 

25,708,205

 

 

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Table of Contents

 

On August 31, 2018, the payment of the last capital and interest service of Corporate bonds were made. After these payments there are no more outstanding Corporate bonds corresponding to the regime of public offering.

 

The carrying value of some borrowings as of September 30, 2018 measured at amortized cost differ from their fair value. The following fair values measured are based on discounted cash flows (Level 3) due to the use of unobservable inputs, including own credit risk.

 

 

 

09/30/2018

 

 

 

Amortized Cost

 

Fair Value

 

Current

 

 

 

 

 

Bank borrowings

 

44,885,681

 

43,523,959

 

Discount checks

 

9,068,530

 

7,518,346

 

Non-current

 

 

 

 

 

Bank borrowings

 

21,403,969

 

17,893,567

 

 

The group has met the capital and interest installments whose maturity was effective in the three-month period ended September 30, 2018.

 

5.11      Employee benefits and social security

 

 

 

09/30/2018

 

06/30/2018

 

Salaries and social security

 

2,312,112

 

3,146,583

 

Staff incentives and vacations

 

1,898,509

 

1,265,130

 

 

 

4,210,621

 

4,411,713

 

 

5.12      Deferred revenue and advances from customers

 

 

 

09/30/2018

 

06/30/2018

 

Advances from customers

 

2,831,527

 

1,007,301

 

 

 

2,831,527

 

1,007,301

 

 

5.13      Government grants

 

 

 

09/30/2018

 

06/30/2018

 

Current

 

6,257

 

17,695

 

Non-current

 

10,871

 

15,532

 

Total

 

17,128

 

33,227

 

 

 

 

09/30/2018

 

09/30/2017

 

At of the beginning of the period

 

33,227

 

118,545

 

Received during the period

 

15,704

 

29,136

 

Currency conversion difference

 

(25,324

)

(33,802

)

Released to the statement of profit or loss

 

(6,479

)

(14,612

)

At the end of period

 

17,128

 

99,267

 

 

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Table of Contents

 

There are neither unfulfilled conditions nor other contingencies attaching to government grants or government assistance.

 

5.14      Provisions

 

 

 

09/30/2018

 

06/30/2018

 

Provisions for contingencies

 

458,874

 

845,486

 

 

 

458,874

 

845,486

 

 

There are no expected reimbursements related to the provisions.

 

The roll forward of the provision is in Note 5.16.

 

5.15      Financed payment — Acquisition of business

 

 

 

09/30/2018

 

06/30/2018

 

Current

 

 

 

 

 

Purchase option

 

14,889,202

 

14,605,469

 

Financed payment to sellers

 

5,727,261

 

5,618,121

 

 

 

20,616,463

 

20,223,590

 

Non-current

 

 

 

 

 

Financed payment to sellers

 

2,702,519

 

2,651,019

 

 

 

2,702,519

 

2,651,019

 

 

As of the date of issuance of these Unaudited Interim condensed combined financial statements, the three installments that were due in October 2017, April 2018 and October 2018, have been fully paid for a value of USD 3.5 million, USD 2.9 million and USD 2.9 million, respectively. The funds for this payment was obtained through bank loans.

 

Purchase option

 

The Group subscribed to an option to purchase a further 9.99% of Rizobacter for a nominal value of USD 14.9 million. Group Bioceres had the right to exercise this option over a term of two years since October 19, 2016. As from the second anniversary, or if Bioceres S.A. and/or its affiliates purchase a portion or all of the equity interests held by certain shareholders, Group Bioceres will have the obligation to purchase the percentage if the Sellers so require it.

 

In October 2018, an addendum to the purchase option was signed with the sellers extending the term of the exercise of the option by Bioceres to March 31, 2019. Additionally, this addendum increases the purchase option to 29.99% of Rizobacter. The Group would have to pay USD 49.98 million, of which USD 34.995 million (nominal value of the purchase option for the additional 20% of Rizobacter equity interest) are subject to the successful completion of the business combination planed with Union.

 

The consideration payable will consist in: (i) USD 14,985,000 in cash (“Cash consideration”) and (ii) USD 34,995,000 in UAC shares redeemed in connection with the business combination, if any (“In-Kind

 

F- 23


Table of Contents

 

Consideration”) provided that any deficiencies in the Cash Consideration will be set off with additional Redeemed Shares and any deficiencies in the In-Kind Consideration will be set off with additional cash.

 

5.16      Changes in allowances and provision

 

Item

 

06/30/2018

 

Additions

 

Uses and
Reversals

 

Currency
Conversion
Difference

 

09/30/2018

 

DEDUCTED FROM ASSETS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Allowance for impairment of trade debtors

 

(3,212,170

)

(4,201

)

77,331

 

483,065

 

(2,655,975

)

Allowance for impairment of related parties

 

(23,126

)

(21,358

)

10,216

 

12,022

 

(22,246

)

Allowance for obsolescence

 

(770,742

)

(213,534

)

 

136,952

 

(847,324

)

Total deducted from assets

 

(4,006,038

)

(239,093

)

87,547

 

632,039

 

(3,525,545

)

INCLUDED IN LIABILITIES

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Provisions for contingencies

 

(845,486

)

 

132,863

 

253,749

 

(458,874

)

Total included in liabilities

 

(845,486

)

 

132,863

 

253,749

 

(458,874

)

Total

 

(4,851,524

)

(239,093

)

220,410

 

885,788

 

(3,984,419

)

DEDUCTED FROM ASSETS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Allowance for impairment of trade debtors

 

(2,873,688

)

(382,091

)

540

 

(294,166

)

(3,549,405

)

Allowance for impairment of related parties

 

(205,960

)

 

 

(8,405

)

(214,365

)

Allowance for obsolescence

 

(707,105

)

(19,923

)

213,216

 

41,180

 

(472,632

)

Total deducted from assets

 

(3,786,753

)

(402,014

)

213,756

 

(261,391

)

(4,236,402

)

INCLUDED IN LIABILITIES

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Provisions for contingencies

 

(1,415,290

)

 

 

144,391

 

(1,270,899

)

Total included in liabilities

 

(1,415,290

)

 

 

144,391

 

(1,270,899

)

Total

 

(5,202,043

)

(402,014

)

213,756

 

(117,000

)

(5,507,301

)

 

6.                    INFORMATION ABOUT COMPONENTS OF COMBINED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

 

6.1             Revenue

 

 

 

09/30/2018

 

09/30/2017

 

Sale of goods

 

29,271,169

 

33,707,643

 

Rendering of services

 

8,940

 

24,683

 

Royalties

 

325,636

 

127,223

 

 

 

29,605,745

 

33,859,549

 

 

Transactions of sales of goods and services with joint ventures and with shareholders and other related parties are reported in Note 12.

 

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Table of Contents

 

6.2             Cost of sales

 

Item

 

09/30/2018

 

09/30/2017

 

Inventory as of the beginning of the period

 

19,366,001

 

31,338,034

 

Adjustment of opening net book amount for the application of IAS 29

 

4,273,416

 

 

Purchases of the period

 

20,950,020

 

23,651,795

 

Production costs

 

2,094,206

 

2,794,113

 

Currency conversion difference

 

(7,094,698

)

(1,298,391

)

Subtotal

 

39,588,945

 

56,485,551

 

Inventory as of the end of the period

 

(25,089,935

)

(36,473,918

)

Cost of sales

 

14,499,010

 

20,011,633

 

 

6.3             R&D classified by nature

 

Item

 

Research and
Development
Expenses 09/30/2018

 

Research and
Development
Expenses 09/30/2017

 

Amortization intangible assets

 

212,895

 

197,940

 

Import and export expenses

 

2,230

 

4,228

 

Depreciation property, plant and equipment

 

40,326

 

118,181

 

Freight and haulage

 

 

255

 

Employee benefits and social securities

 

387,965

 

371,777

 

Taxes

 

1,139

 

1,406

 

Maintenance

 

6,076

 

13,174

 

Energy and fuel

 

15,375

 

11,410

 

Supplies and materials

 

341,186

 

109,232

 

Mobility and travel

 

9,806

 

29,979

 

Stock options based incentive

 

3,804

 

10,540

 

Professional fees and outsourced services

 

16,456

 

34,948

 

Office supplies

 

7,163

 

15,170

 

Insurance

 

1,583

 

6,484

 

Miscellaneous

 

2,488

 

13,650

 

Total

 

1,048,492

 

938,374

 

 

 

 

09/30/2018

 

09/30/2017

 

R&D Capitalized (Note 5.7)

 

283,752

 

111,124

 

R&D profit and loss

 

1,048,492

 

938,374

 

Total

 

1,332,244

 

1,049,498

 

% of total revenue

 

4.50

%

3.10

%

 

F- 25


Table of Contents

 

6.4             Expenses classified by nature and function

 

Item

 

Production
Costs

 

Selling,
General and
Administrative
Expenses

 

Total
09/30/2018

 

Amortization intangible assets

 

 

204,976

 

204,976

 

Analysis and storage

 

125,659

 

40,439

 

166,098

 

Commissions and royalties

 

298,478

 

50,462

 

348,940

 

Bank expenses and commissions

 

 

6,444

 

6,444

 

Import and export expenses

 

9,566

 

245,859

 

255,425

 

Depreciation property, plant and equipment

 

245,762

 

118,196

 

363,958

 

Impairment of receivables

 

 

(9,067

)

(9,067

)

Freight and haulage

 

25,448

 

334,319

 

359,767

 

Employee benefits and social securities

 

890,475

 

2,741,959

 

3,632,434

 

Maintenance

 

78,896

 

60,533

 

139,429

 

Energy and fuel

 

74,815

 

117,615

 

192,430

 

Supplies and materials

 

56,927

 

49,352

 

106,279

 

Mobility and travel

 

7,570

 

281,930

 

289,500

 

Publicity and advertising

 

 

296,226

 

296,226

 

Contingencies

 

 

(5,047

)

(5,047

)

Professional fees and outsourced services

 

 

333,472

 

333,472

 

Professional fees related parties

 

 

122,764

 

122,764

 

Office supplies

 

1,672

 

62,023

 

63,695

 

Insurance

 

14,571

 

95,953

 

110,524

 

System expenses

 

 

108,476

 

108,476

 

Obsolescence

 

213,534

 

 

213,534

 

Taxes

 

4,595

 

732,009

 

736,604

 

Miscellaneous

 

46,238

 

91,592

 

137,830

 

Total

 

2,094,206

 

6,080,485

 

8,174,691

 

 

Item

 

Production
Costs

 

Selling,
General and
Administrative
Expenses

 

Total
09/30/2017

 

Amortization intangible assets

 

 

379,093

 

379,093

 

Analysis and storage

 

26,253

 

6,225

 

32,478

 

Commissions and royalties

 

49,108

 

113,516

 

162,624

 

Bank expenses and commissions

 

 

5,912

 

5,912

 

Import and export expenses

 

24,683

 

365,733

 

390,416

 

Depreciation property, plant and equipment

 

278,779

 

237,471

 

516,250

 

Impairment of receivables

 

 

381,551

 

381,551

 

Freight and haulage

 

54,137

 

414,916

 

469,053

 

Employee benefits and social securities

 

1,920,490

 

3,506,740

 

5,427,230

 

Maintenance

 

250,709

 

150,103

 

400,812

 

Energy and fuel

 

47,380

 

128,477

 

175,857

 

Supplies and materials

 

47,763

 

2,078

 

49,841

 

Mobility and travel

 

8,793

 

203,943

 

212,736

 

Publicity and advertising

 

 

586,814

 

586,814

 

Professional fees and outsourced services

 

 

394,220

 

394,220

 

Professional fees related parties

 

 

133,755

 

133,755

 

Office supplies

 

9,230

 

170,788

 

180,018

 

Insurance

 

26,206

 

139,638

 

165,844

 

System expenses

 

 

75,010

 

75,010

 

Obsolescence

 

19,923

 

 

19,923

 

Taxes

 

6,789

 

825,666

 

832,455

 

Miscellaneous

 

23,870

 

173,559

 

197,429

 

Total

 

2,794,113

 

8,395,208

 

11,189,321

 

 

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Table of Contents

 

6.5             Finance income

 

 

 

09/30/2018

 

09/30/2017

 

Exchange differences

 

11,934,458

 

1,140,487

 

Interest generated by assets

 

61,214

 

126,181

 

Interest generated by assets related parties

 

 

12,366

 

Others finance income

 

23,447

 

 

Net gain of inflation effects on the monetary items

 

397,369

 

 

Changes in fair value of financial assets or liabilities and other financial results

 

47,829

 

47,680

 

 

 

12,464,317

 

1,326,714

 

 

6.6             Finance costs

 

 

 

09/30/2018

 

09/30/2017

 

Exchange differences

 

(21,471,990

)

(2,609,834

)

Interest generated by liabilities related parties

 

(7,054

)

 

Interest generated by liabilities

 

(3,731,484

)

(3,675,693

)

Financial commissions

 

(296,405

)

(481,308

)

Others finance cost

 

(674,558

)

 

Changes in fair value of financial assets or liabilities and other financial results

 

(18,480

)

 

 

 

(26,199,971

)

(6,766,835

)

 

7.                    INFORMATION ABOUT COMBINED COMPONENTS OF EQUITY

 

7.1             Parent company investment

 

The Group has recognized the contribution made by Bioceres into the combined entity as Parent company investment as follows:

 

 

 

09/30/2018

 

09/30/2017

 

Intangible contributed

 

230,853

 

 

Rizobacter acquisition consideration

 

(8,144,018

)

 

 

 

(7,913,165

)

 

 

7.2             Non-controlling interests

 

There were no dividends paid to non-controlling interest (NCI) in the period ended September 30, 2018, and 2017 after the acquisition of Rizobacter.

 

8.                    CASH FLOW INFORMATION

 

Significant non-cash transactions related to investing and financing activities are as follows:

 

 

 

09/30/2018

 

09/30/2017

 

Financing activities

 

 

 

 

 

Parent company investment

 

(7,913,165

)

 

 

 

(7,913,165

)

 

 

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9.                    JOINT VENTURES

 

Investments in joint ventures and related companies:

 

 

 

09/30/2018

 

06/30/2018

 

Assets

 

 

 

 

 

Semya S.A.

 

3,003,796

 

2,972,239

 

Synertech

 

19,488,191

 

16,099,816

 

Indrasa Biotecnología S.A.

 

17,658

 

 

 

 

22,509,645

 

19,072,055

 

Liabilities

 

 

 

 

 

Trigall Genetics

 

2,086,376

 

2,012,298

 

 

 

2,086,376

 

2,012,298

 

 

Changes in joint ventures investments:

 

 

 

09/30/2018

 

09/30/2017

 

As of the beginning of the period

 

17,059,757

 

30,580,943

 

Monetary contributions

 

116,230

 

 

Adjustment for loss of control Indrasa

 

10,591

 

 

Revaluation of property, plant and equipment

 

562,268

 

 

Adjustment of opening net book amount for the application of IAS 29

 

8,328,794

 

 

Foreign currency translation

 

(5,734,527

)

(1,264,283

)

Share of profit or loss

 

80,156

 

55,117

 

As of the end of the period

 

20,423,269

 

29,371,777

 

 

Share of profit or loss of joint ventures:

 

 

 

09/30/2018

 

09/30/2017

 

Trigall

 

(74,079

)

(199,403

)

Semya

 

(27,083

)

(2,860

)

Synertech

 

174,251

 

257,380

 

Indrasa

 

7,067

 

 

 

 

80,156

 

55,117

 

 

10.             SEGMENT INFORMATION

 

The Group is organized into three main operating segments:

 

·                        Seed and integrated products

 

The seed and integrated products segment focuses mainly on the development and commercialization of seed technologies and products that increase yield per hectare, with a focus on the provision of seed technologies and integrated crop protection and crop nutrition products designed to control weeds, insects or diseases, to increase their quality characteristics, to improve nutritional value and other benefits. The segment focuses on the commercialization of integrated products that combine three complementary components biotechnological events, germplasm and seed treatments—in order to increase crop productivity and create value for customers. While each component can increase yield independently, through an integrated technology strategy the segment offers biotechnological events, germplasm and treatments for seeds that complement and integrate with each other to generate higher yields in crops.

 

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Currently the segment generates revenue from ordinary activities through the sale of seeds, integrated packs, royalties and licenses charged to third parties, among others.

 

·                        Crop protection

 

The crop protection segment mainly includes the development, production and marketing of adjuvants, insecticides and fungicides. The adjuvants are used in mixtures to facilitate greater efficiency of the products to be applied (such as fertilizers and agrochemicals). Insecticides and fungicides can significantly reduce disease or insect problems during the germination period.

 

The segment currently generates revenue from ordinary activities through the sale of adjuvants, insecticides, fungicides and baits, among others.

 

·                        Crop nutrition

 

The crop nutrition segment focuses mainly on the development, production and commercialization of inoculants that allow the biological fixation of nitrogen in the crops, and of fertilizers including biofertilizers and microgranulated fertilizers that optimize the productivity and yield of the crops.

 

Currently the segment generates income from ordinary activities through the sale of inoculants, bio-inductors, biological fertilizers and microgranulated fertilizers, among others

 

The measurement principles for the Group’s segment reporting structure are based on the IFRS principles adopted in the Combined financial statements. Revenue generated by products and services exchanged between segments and entities within the Group are calculated on the basis of market prices.

 

The following tables present information with respect to the Group´s reporting segments:

 

Period Ended September 30, 2018

 

Seed and
Integrated
Products

 

Crop
Protection

 

Crop
Nutrition

 

Combined

 

Revenues

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sale of goods

 

6,196,593

 

14,673,792

 

8,400,784

 

29,271,169

 

Rendering of services

 

8,940

 

 

 

 

 

8,940

 

Royalties

 

325,636

 

 

 

 

 

325,636

 

Government grants

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Grants

 

6,479

 

 

 

 

 

6,479

 

Total revenue

 

6,537,648

 

14,673,792

 

8,400,784

 

29,612,224

 

Cost of sales

 

(2,190,036

)

(7,349,496

)

(4,959,478

)

(14,499,010

)

Gross margin per segment

 

4,347,612

 

7,324,296

 

3,441,306

 

15,113,214

 

%

 

67

%

50

%

41

%

51

%

 

Period Ended September 30, 2017

 

Seed and
Integrated
Products

 

Crop
Protection

 

Crop
Nutrition

 

Combined

 

Revenues

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sale of goods

 

7,370,812

 

16,795,948

 

9,540,883

 

33,707,643

 

Rendering of services

 

24,683

 

 

 

24,683

 

Royalties

 

127,223

 

 

 

127,223

 

Government grants

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Grants

 

14,612

 

 

 

14,612

 

Total revenue

 

7,537,330

 

16,795,948

 

9,540,883

 

33,874,161

 

Cost of sales

 

(2,462,759

)

(10,038,912

)

(7,509,962

)

(20,011,633

)

Gross margin per segment

 

5,074,571

 

6,757,036

 

2,030,921

 

13,862,528

 

%

 

67

%

40

%

21

%

41

%

 

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Table of Contents

 

 

 

09/30/2018

 

09/30/2017

 

Seed and integrated products

 

6,537,648

 

7,537,330

 

Seeds, royalties & licenses

 

855,316

 

1,021,347

 

Packs

 

5,682,332

 

6,515,983

 

Crop protection

 

14,673,792

 

16,795,948

 

Adjuvants

 

6,398,032

 

7,993,798

 

Insecticides & fungicides

 

2,479,124

 

2,409,728

 

Other

 

5,796,636

 

6,392,422

 

Crop nutrition

 

8,400,784

 

9,540,883

 

Inoculants

 

3,195,459

 

6,306,921

 

Fertilizers

 

5,205,325

 

3,233,962

 

Total revenue

 

29,612,224

 

33,874,161

 

 

11.             FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS — RISK MANAGEMENT

 

The following tables show additional information required under IFRS 7 on the financial assets and liabilities recorded as of September 30, 2018 and June 30, 2018.

 

 

 

Amortized Cost

 

Mandatorily Measured at
Fair Value Through
Profit or Loss

 

Financial Asset

 

09/30/2018

 

06/30/2018

 

09/30/2018

 

06/30/2018

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

3,255,981

 

2,215,103

 

 

 

Other financial assets

 

4,838,642

 

4,781,679

 

8,766

 

12,526

 

Trade receivables

 

52,806,907

 

52,888,427

 

 

 

Other receivables(*)

 

7,454,378

 

7,732,901

 

 

 

Total

 

68,355,908

 

67,618,110

 

8,766

 

12,526

 

 


(*)               Advances expenses and tax balances are not included.

 

 

 

Amortized Cost

 

Mandatorily Measured at
Fair Value Through
Profit or Loss

 

Financial Liability

 

09/30/2018

 

06/30/2018

 

09/30/2018

 

06/30/2018

 

Trade Payables and other payables

 

37,881,886

 

27,708,830

 

 

 

Borrowings

 

92,939,227

 

91,017,133

 

 

 

Financed payment — Acquisition of business

 

23,318,982

 

22,874,609

 

 

 

Total

 

154,140,095

 

141,600,572

 

 

2,500,000

 

 

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Table of Contents

 

11.1      Financial instruments measured at fair value

 

Measurement at Fair Value at 09/30/2018

 

Level 1

 

Level 2

 

Level 3

 

Financial assets at fair value

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other financial assets

 

8,766

 

 

 

 

Measurement at Fair Value at 06/30/2018

 

Level 1

 

Level 2

 

Level 3

 

Financial assets at fair value

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other financial assets

 

12,526

 

 

 

 

Estimation of fair value

 

The fair value of marketable securities is calculated using the market approach using quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy).

 

The Group’s financial liabilities, which were not traded in an active market were determined using valuation techniques that maximize the use of available market information, and thus rely as little as possible on specific estimates of the entity. The rates applicable to similar loans in the market (Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy) were compared.

 

The Group’s policy is to recognize transfers between different categories of the fair value hierarchy at the time they occur or when there are changes in the circumstances that cause the transfer.

 

There were no transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy. There were no changes in economic or business circumstances affecting fair value.

 

11.2      Financial instruments not measured at fair value

 

The financial instruments not measured at fair value include cash and cash equivalents, trade accounts receivable, other accounts receivable, trade payables and other debts, borrowings, financed payments and instruments with a put option.

 

The carrying value of financial instruments not measured at fair value does not differ significantly from their fair value, except for borrowings (Note 5.10).

 

Management estimates that the carrying value of the financial instruments measured at amortized cost approximates their fair value.

 

12.             SHAREHOLDERS AND OTHER RELATED PARTIES BALANCES AND TRANSACTIONS

 

During the period ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 the transactions between the Group and related parties, and the related balances owed by and to them, are as follows:

 

Party

 

Transaction Type

 

09/30/2018

 

09/30/2017

 

Joint ventures

 

R&D sales and services

 

33,304

 

 

Joint ventures

 

Purchases of goods and services

 

(4,075,892

)

(4,199,798

)

Joint ventures

 

Equity contributions

 

116,230

 

 

Joint ventures

 

Loans granted

 

 

46,242

 

Key management personnel

 

Salaries, social security benefits and other benefits

 

(595,921

)

(845,510

)

Shareholders and other related parties

 

Sales of goods and services

 

166,551

 

275,902

 

Shareholders and other related parties

 

Interest gain

 

 

12,366

 

Shareholders and other related parties

 

Interest lost

 

(7,054

)

 

Shareholders and other related parties

 

Purchases of goods and services

 

(172,285

)

(460,045

)

Parent company

 

Sales of goods and services

 

 

2,285

 

Parent company

 

Purchases of goods and services

 

(22,140

)

 

Total

 

 

 

(4,557,207

)

(5,168,558

)

 

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Table of Contents

 

 

 

 

 

Amounts Receivable from
Related Parties

 

Party

 

Transaction Type

 

09/30/2018

 

06/30/2018

 

Parent company

 

Trade receivables

 

401,017

 

361,606

 

Parent company

 

Other accounts receivable

 

322,475

 

103,251

 

Shareholders and other related parties

 

Trade receivables

 

940,126

 

571,216

 

Shareholders and other related parties

 

Allowance for impairment

 

(22,246

)

(23,126

)

Shareholders and other related parties

 

Other accounts receivable

 

3,656

 

119,677

 

Joint ventures

 

Trade receivables

 

174,441

 

209,039

 

Joint ventures

 

Other accounts receivable

 

5,968,694

 

6,299,467

 

Total

 

 

 

7,788,163

 

7,641,130

 

 

 

 

 

 

Amounts Payable to
Related Parties

 

Party

 

Transaction type

 

09/30/2018

 

06/30/2018

 

Parent company

 

Loans payables

 

(5,221,697

)

(1,816,084

)

Key management personnel

 

Salaries, social security benefits and other benefits

 

(51,574

)

(1,556,035

)

Shareholders and other related parties

 

Trade payables

 

(273,135

)

(365,994

)

Joint ventures

 

Trade payables

 

(7,825,308

)

(3,493,113

)

Total

 

 

 

(13,371,714

)

(7,231,226

)

 

13.             KEY MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL COMPENSATION

 

The compensation of directors and other members of key management personnel, including social contributions and other benefits, was as follows for the period ended September 30, 2018, and 2017.

 

The Group currently does not pay any compensation to any of its non-employee board members.

 

 

 

09/30/2018

 

09/30/2017

 

Salaries, social security and other benefits

 

595,921

 

845,510

 

Total

 

595,921

 

845,510

 

 

14.             CONTINGENCIES, COMMITMENTS AND RESTRICTIONS ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF PROFITS

 

In order to guarantee the obligations assumed on the Syndicated loan (Note 5.10), Rizobacter signed a granted a pledge of a fixed term certificate constituted on September 10, 2018 for USD 4.3 million.

 

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There were no other significant changes to the contingencies, commitments and restrictions on the distribution of profits from the disclosed made in the Combined financial statement as of June 30, 2018, June 30, 2017, December 31, 2016, for the year ended June 30, 2018, for the six-month transition period ended June 30, 2017 and for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015.

 

15.             EVENTS OCCURRING AFTER THE REPORTING PERIOD

 

Subsequent to September 30, 2018, there have been no other situations or circumstances that may require significant adjustments or further disclosure in these Interim Unaudited Interim condensed combined financial statements that were not mentioned above.

 

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BIOCERES INC CROP BUSINESS & BIOCERES SEMILLAS S.A.

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 

To the board of directors of Bioceres S.A. and the Shareholders of Bioceres Inc. and Bioceres Semillas S.A.

 

Opinion on the Financial Statements

 

We have audited the accompanying combined statements of financial position of Bioceres Inc. crop business and Bioceres Semillas S.A. (the “Company”) as of June 30, 2018, June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, and the related combined statements of comprehensive income, of change in equity and of cash flow for the year ended June 30, 2018, for the six-month transition period ended June 30, 2017 and the two years ended December 31, 2016 including the related notes (collectively referred to as the “combined financial statements”). In our opinion, the combined financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of June 30, 2018, June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the year ended June 30, 2018, for the six-month transition period ended June 30, 2017 and the two years ended December 31, 2016 in conformity with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board.

 

Basis for Opinion

 

These combined financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s combined financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

 

We conducted our audits of these combined financial statements in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the combined financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud.

 

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the combined financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the combined financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the combined financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

/s/Price Waterhouse & Co. S.R.L.

 

 

 

/s/Gabriel Marcelo Perrone

 

 

Gabriel Marcelo Perrone

 

Partner

 

 

Rosario, Argentina
December 21, 2018

 

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2018.

 

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BIOCERES INC CROP BUSINESS & BIOCERES SEMILLAS S.A.

COMBINED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION

As of June 30, 2018, June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016

(Amounts in USD)

 

 

 

Notes

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

ASSETS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CURRENT ASSETS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

6.1

 

2,215,103

 

1,679,478

 

982,897

 

Other financial assets

 

6.2

 

4,550,847

 

4,264,792

 

4,474

 

Trade receivables

 

6.3

 

52,888,427

 

41,675,918

 

56,050,629

 

Other receivables

 

6.4

 

4,240,205

 

7,108,219

 

4,286,910

 

Income and minimum presumed income taxes recoverable

 

8

 

2,082,269

 

1,701,382

 

 

Inventories

 

6.5

 

19,366,001

 

31,338,034

 

32,677,314

 

Total current assets

 

 

 

85,342,852

 

87,767,823

 

94,002,224

 

NON-CURRENT ASSETS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other financial assets

 

6.2

 

243,358

 

766,999

 

712,367

 

Other receivables

 

6.4

 

4,979,507

 

2,183,244

 

2,390,562

 

Income and minimum presumed income taxes recoverable

 

8

 

126,653

 

315,565

 

879,380

 

Deferred tax assets

 

8

 

5,601,821

 

3,372,101

 

4,649,504

 

Investments in joint ventures

 

11

 

19,072,055

 

32,108,229

 

32,875,663

 

Property, plant and equipment

 

6.6

 

40,177,146

 

46,218,875

 

46,393,761

 

Intangible assets

 

6.7

 

26,657,345

 

42,058,891

 

42,368,326

 

Goodwill

 

6.8

 

14,438,027

 

25,079,324

 

26,250,959

 

Total non-current assets

 

 

 

111,295,912

 

152,103,228

 

156,520,522

 

Total assets

 

 

 

196,638,764

 

239,871,051

 

250,522,746

 

 

The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Combined financial statements. Related parties balances and transactions are disclosed in Note 15.

 

F- 35


Table of Contents

 

BIOCERES INC CROP BUSINESS & BIOCERES SEMILLAS S.A.
COMBINED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION
As of June 30, 2018, June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016
(Amounts in USD)

 

 

 

Notes

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

LIABILITIES

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CURRENT LIABILITIES

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Trade and other payables

 

6.9

 

27,708,830

 

22,794,716

 

36,006,517

 

Borrowings

 

6.10

 

65,308,928

 

34,037,971

 

53,135,510

 

Employee benefits and social security

 

6.11

 

4,411,713

 

5,047,045

 

3,616,478

 

Deferred revenue and advances from customers

 

6.12

 

1,007,301

 

1,197,080

 

878,874

 

Income and minimum presumed income taxes payable

 

8

 

2,569

 

29,788

 

2,932,777

 

Government grants

 

6.13

 

17,695

 

60,829

 

63,671

 

Financed payment — Acquisition of business

 

6.16

 

20,223,590

 

6,219,980

 

3,177,807

 

Total current liabilities

 

 

 

118,680,626

 

69,387,409

 

99,811,634

 

NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Borrowings

 

6.10

 

25,708,205

 

40,952,164

 

11,551,976

 

Government grants

 

6.13

 

15,532

 

57,716

 

92,248

 

Investments in joint ventures

 

11

 

2,012,298

 

1,527,286

 

1,569,160

 

Deferred tax liabilities

 

8

 

13,591,942

 

25,611,927

 

26,385,786

 

Provisions

 

6.14

 

845,486

 

1,415,290

 

1,909,530

 

Financed payment — Acquisition of business

 

6.16

 

2,651,019

 

21,180,193

 

23,031,669

 

Puttable instruments

 

6.15

 

 

2,500,000

 

2,500,000

 

Total non-current liabilities

 

 

 

44,824,482

 

93,244,576

 

67,040,369

 

Total liabilities

 

 

 

163,505,108

 

162,631,985

 

166,852,003

 

EQUITY

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Equity attributable to owners of the parent

 

 

 

13,713,484

 

35,841,621

 

42,527,712

 

Non-controlling interests

 

 

 

19,420,172

 

41,397,445

 

41,143,031

 

Total equity

 

 

 

33,133,656

 

77,239,066

 

83,670,743

 

Total equity and liabilities

 

 

 

196,638,764

 

239,871,051

 

250,522,746

 

 

The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Combined financial statements. Related parties balances and transactions are disclosed in Note 15.

 

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BIOCERES INC CROP BUSINESS & BIOCERES SEMILLAS S.A.

COMBINED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

For the year ended June 30, 2018, for the six-month transition period ended June 30, 2017

and for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015

(Amounts in USD)

 

 

 

Notes

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

12/31/2015

 

Revenue

 

7.1

 

133,491,118

 

46,853,369

 

41,027,474

 

5,100,395

 

Government grants

 

6.13

 

51,586

 

31,941

 

141,775

 

105,696

 

Total revenue

 

 

 

133,542,704

 

46,885,310

 

41,169,249

 

5,206,091

 

Cost of sales

 

7.2

 

(77,094,551

)

(29,613,158

)

(30,598,956

)

(3,837,242

)

Research and development expenses

 

7.3

 

(3,950,100

)

(1,990,268

)

(853,854

)

(302,774

)

Selling, general and administrative expenses

 

7.4

 

(35,263,688

)

(15,689,598

)

(8,827,121

)

(1,401,037

)

Share of loss of joint ventures

 

11

 

(2,136,801

)

(649,075

)

(707,042

)

(858,158

)

Other income or expenses, net

 

 

 

613,389

 

54,252

 

24,765

 

12

 

Operating profit/(loss)

 

 

 

15,710,953

 

(1,002,537

)

207,041

 

(1,193,108

)

Finance income

 

7.5

 

26,982,795

 

1,762,484

 

156,468

 

1,569,592

 

Finance costs

 

7.6

 

(67,933,511

)

(11,955,747

)

(8,406,045

)

(879,769

)

Loss before income tax

 

 

 

(25,239,763

)

(11,195,800

)

(8,042,536

)

(503,285

)

Income tax

 

8

 

10,928,517

 

2,817,251

 

1,860,647

 

(690,726

)

Loss for the year/period

 

 

 

(14,311,246

)

(8,378,549

)

(6,181,889

)

(1,194,011

)

Other comprehensive income or loss

 

 

 

(31,833,554

)

(2,714,241

)

(4,579,700

)

 

Items that may be subsequently reclassified to profit and loss

 

 

 

(43,710,972

)

(4,747,113

)

(4,579,700

)

 

Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations from joint ventures

 

 

 

(13,865,192

)

(1,498,641

)

(277,603

)

 

Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations

 

 

 

(29,845,780

)

(3,248,472

)

(4,302,097

)

 

Items that will not be subsequently reclassified to loss and profit

 

 

 

11,877,418

 

2,032,872

 

 

 

Revaluation of property, plant and equipment, net of tax, of JV and associates

 

 

 

1,679,818

 

189,025

 

 

 

Revaluation of property, plant and equipment, net of tax

 

 

 

8,381,618

 

1,843,847

 

 

 

Tax rate change over revaluation of property, plant and equipment

 

 

 

1,815,982

 

 

 

 

Total comprehensive loss

 

 

 

(46,144,800

)

(11,092,790

)

(10,761,589

)

(1,194,011

)

Loss for the year/period attributable to:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Equity holders of the parent

 

 

 

(11,039,533

)

(5,908,927

)

(5,865,870

)

(1,194,011

)

Non-controlling interests

 

 

 

(3,271,713

)

(2,469,622

)

(316,019

)

 

 

 

 

 

(14,311,246

)

(8,378,549

)

(6,181,889

)

(1,194,011

)

Total comprehensive loss attributable to:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Equity holders of the parent

 

 

 

(33,927,072

)

(8,069,589

)

(9,083,688

)

(1,194,011

)

Non-controlling interests

 

 

 

(12,217,728

)

(3,023,201

)

(1,677,901

)

 

 

 

 

 

(46,144,800

)

(11,092,790

)

(10,761,589

)

(1,194,011

)

 

The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Combined financial statements. Related party balances and transactions are disclosed in Note 15.

 

F- 37


Table of Contents

 

BIOCERES INC CROP BUSINESS & BIOCERES SEMILLAS S.A.

COMBINED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY

For the year ended June 30, 2018, for the six-month transition period ended June 30, 2017

and for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015

(Amounts in USD)

 

 

 

Attributable to the equity holders of the parent

 

 

 

 

 

Description

 

Parent
Company
Investment
(Note 9.1)

 

Stock
Options

 

Retained
Deficit

 

Foreign
Currency
Translation
Reserve

 

Revaluation
of PP&E

 

Equity/(Deficit)
Attributable
to Owners
of the
Parent

 

Non-controlling
Interests

 

Total
Equity

 

12/31/2014

 

3,796,654

 

 

(2,141,242

)

 

 

1,655,412

 

 

1,655,412

 

Parent company investment

 

632,596

 

 

 

 

 

632,596

 

 

632,596

 

Stock options

 

 

3,285

 

 

 

 

3,285

 

 

3,285

 

Loss for the year

 

 

 

(1,194,011

)

 

 

(1,194,011

)

 

(1,194,011

)

12/31/2015

 

4,429,250

 

3,285

 

(3,335,253

)

 

 

1,097,282

 

 

1,097,282

 

Parent company investment

 

50,470,291

 

 

 

 

 

50,470,291

 

 

50,470,291

 

Non-controlling investment

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

6,481,930

 

6,481,930

 

Non-controlling interest in business combination

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

36,339,002

 

36,339,002

 

Stock options

 

 

43,827

 

 

 

 

43,827

 

 

43,827

 

Loss for the year

 

 

 

(5,865,870

)

 

 

(5,865,870

)

(316,019

)

(6,181,889

)

Other comprehensive loss

 

 

 

 

(3,217,818

)

 

(3,217,818

)

(1,361,882

)

(4,579,700

)

12/31/2016

 

54,899,541

 

47,112

 

(9,201,123

)

(3,217,818

)

 

42,527,712

 

41,143,031

 

83,670,743

 

Parent company investment

 

1,357,788

 

 

 

 

 

1,357,788

 

 

1,357,788

 

Reclassification of puttable preferred shares

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3,277,615

 

3,277,615

 

Stock options

 

 

25,710

 

 

 

 

25,710

 

 

25,710

 

Loss for the period

 

 

 

(5,908,927

)

 

 

(5,908,927

)

(2,469,622

)

(8,378,549

)

Other comprehensive income or loss

 

 

 

 

(3,380,262

)

1,219,600

 

(2,160,662

)

(553,579

)

(2,714,241

)

06/30/2017

 

56,257,329

 

72,822

 

(15,110,050

)

(6,598,080

)

1,219,600

 

35,841,621

 

41,397,445

 

77,239,066

 

Parent company investment

 

2,009,385

 

 

 

 

 

2,009,385

 

 

2,009,385

 

Transfer of preferred stocks from non-controlling interest

 

9,759,545

 

 

 

 

 

9,759,545

 

(9,759,545

)

 

Stock options

 

 

30,005

 

 

 

 

30,005

 

 

30,005

 

Loss for the year

 

 

 

(11,039,533

)

 

 

(11,039,533

)

(3,271,713

)

(14,311,246

)

Other comprehensive income or loss

 

 

 

 

(30,013,990

)

7,126,451

 

(22,887,539

)

(8,946,015

)

(31,833,554

)

06/30/2018

 

68,026,259

 

102,827

 

(26,149,583

)

(36,612,070

)

8,346,051

 

13,713,484

 

19,420,172

 

33,133,656

 

 

The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Combined financial statements. Related parties balances and transactions are disclosed in Note 15.

 

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BIOCERES INC CROP BUSINESS & BIOCERES SEMILLAS S.A.

COMBINED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

For the year ended June 30, 2018, for the six-month transition period ended June 30, 2017

and for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015

(Amounts in USD)

 

 

 

Notes

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

12/31/2015

 

OPERATING ACTIVITIES

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Loss for the year/period

 

 

 

(14,311,246

)

(8,378,549

)

(6,181,889

)

(1,194,011

)

Adjustments to reconcile loss to net cash flows

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income tax

 

 

 

(10,928,517

)

(2,817,251

)

(1,860,647

)

690,726

 

Depreciation of property, plant and equipment

 

6.6

 

2,230,881

 

1,254,657

 

584,293

 

71,277

 

Amortization of intangible assets

 

6.7

 

2,141,476

 

1,418,529

 

424,179

 

2,331

 

Share of loss of joint ventures

 

11

 

2,136,801

 

649,075

 

707,042

 

858,158

 

Changes in fair value of financial assets

 

 

 

(1,430,880

)

(4,314,950

)

(716,841

)

 

Provisions for contingencies

 

6.17

 

46,103

 

(248,727

)

293,009

 

3,108

 

Allowance for impairment of trade debtors

 

6.17

 

1,259,127

 

333,490

 

125,764

 

177,705

 

Allowance for obsolescence

 

6.17

 

661,804

 

148,840

 

982,351

 

167,989

 

Stock option

 

 

 

30,005

 

25,710

 

43,827

 

3,285

 

Gain or loss on sale of equipment and intangible assets

 

 

 

4,834

 

155,422

 

(13,760

)

 

Interests and exchange differences from borrowings

 

 

 

11,783,017

 

3,932,042

 

8,132,061

 

 

Other financial results accrued

 

 

 

9,720,144

 

3,927,806

 

1,781,284

 

 

Working capital adjustments

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Trade receivables

 

 

 

(9,849,989

)

14,041,092

 

(11,815,455

)

619,705

 

Other receivables

 

 

 

448,613

 

3,219,277

 

(3,741,766

)

(789,358

)

Income and minimum presumed income taxes

 

 

 

(148,118

)

(2,762,518

)

3,421,958

 

168,344

 

Inventories

 

 

 

11,310,229

 

1,190,440

 

10,023,018

 

(2,259,725

)

Trade and other payables

 

 

 

4,914,114

 

(13,211,801

)

(3,327,080

)

199,729

 

Employee benefits and social security

 

 

 

(635,332

)

1,430,567

 

3,589,450

 

(16,590

)

Deferred revenue and advances from customers

 

 

 

(189,779

)

318,206

 

605,949

 

272,925

 

Income and minimum presumed income taxes payable

 

 

 

(71,076

)

(1,278,038

)

(5,079,759

)

(41,736

)

Government grants

 

 

 

(85,318

)

(37,374

)

3,127

 

(52,386

)

Net cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities

 

 

 

9,036,893

 

(1,004,055

)

(2,019,885

)

(1,118,524

)

 

The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Combined financial statements. Related parties balances and transactions are disclosed in Note 15.

 

F- 39


Table of Contents

 

BIOCERES INC CROP BUSINESS & BIOCERES SEMILLAS S.A.
COMBINED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
For the year ended June 30, 2018, for the six-month transition period ended June 30, 2017
and for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015
(Amounts in USD)

 

 

 

Notes

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

12/31/2015

 

INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment

 

 

 

109,711

 

130,011

 

13,760

 

 

Purchase of property, plant and equipment

 

6.6

 

(2,791,794

)

(695,667

)

(608,061

)

 

Loans granted to joint ventures

 

 

 

(2,621,647

)

(2,428,076

)

 

 

Capitalized development expenditures

 

6.7

 

(2,301,425

)

(1,884,289

)

(175,527

)

 

Purchase of intangible assets

 

6.7

 

(614,529

)

(979,728

)

(420,254

)

(5,594

)

Acquisition of business

 

 

 

 

 

(40,678,146

)

 

Net cash flows used in investing activities

 

 

 

(8,219,684

)

(5,857,749

)

(41,868,228

)

(5,594

)

FINANCING ACTIVITIES

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Proceeds from borrowings

 

 

 

55,294,741

 

60,569,826

 

10,548,235

 

 

Repayment of borrowings and interest payments

 

 

 

(56,180,740

)

(49,954,328

)

(6,351,924

)

 

Net increase/(decrease) bank overdraft and other short term borrowings

 

 

 

604,415

 

(3,057,113

)

(1,332,036

)

1,107,951

 

Proceeds from the issuance of preferred shares

 

 

 

 

 

42,000,001

 

 

Cash dividends distributed by subsidiary

 

 

 

 

 

(13,790

)

 

Net cash flows provided by (used in) financing activities

 

 

 

(281,584

)

7,558,385

 

44,850,486

 

1,107,951

 

Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

 

 

 

535,625

 

696,581

 

962,373

 

(16,167

)

Cash and cash equivalents as of beginning of the year/period

 

6.1

 

1,679,478

 

982,897

 

20,524

 

36,691

 

Cash and cash equivalents as of the end of the year/period

 

6.1

 

2,215,103

 

1,679,478

 

982,897

 

20,524

 

 

The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Combined financial statements. Related parties balances and transactions are disclosed in Note 15.

 

F- 40


Table of Contents

 

BIOCERES INC CROP BUSINESS & BIOCERES SEMILLAS S.A.

NOTES TO THE COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of June 30, 2018, June 30, 2017, December 31, 2016, for the year ended June 30, 2018, for the

six-month transition period ended June 30, 2017 and for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015

(Amounts in USD, except otherwise indicated)

 

INDEX

 

 

 

 

 

1.

 

General information

 

 

 

2.

 

Accounting standards and basis of preparation

 

 

 

2.1.

 

Statement of compliance with IFRS as issued by IASB

 

 

 

2.2.

 

Scope of combination

 

 

 

2.3.

 

Authorization for the issue of the Combined financial statements

 

 

 

2.4.

 

Comparative figures

 

 

 

2.5.

 

Basis of measurement

 

 

 

2.6.

 

Functional currency and presentation currency

 

 

 

2.7.

 

Subsidiaries

 

 

 

3.

 

New standards, amendments and interpretations issued by the IASB

 

 

 

3.1.

 

New standards and interpretations adopted by the Group

 

 

 

3.2.

 

New standards and interpretations not yet adopted by the Group

 

 

 

4.

 

Summary of significant accounting policies

 

 

 

4.1.

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

 

 

4.2.

 

Financial assets

 

 

 

4.3.

 

Inventories

 

 

 

4.4.

 

Business combinations

 

 

 

4.5.

 

Impairment of non-financial assets (excluding inventories and deferred tax assets)

 

 

 

4.6.

 

Joint arrangements

 

 

 

4.7.

 

Property, plant and equipment

 

 

 

4.8.

 

Leased assets

 

 

 

4.9.

 

Intangible assets

 

 

 

4.10.

 

Financial liabilities

 

 

 

4.11.

 

Employee benefits

 

 

 

4.12.

 

Provisions

 

 

 

4.13.

 

Parent company investment

 

 

 

4.14.

 

Revenue recognition

 

 

 

4.15.

 

Government grants

 

 

 

4.16.

 

Borrowing costs

 

 

 

4.17.

 

Income tax and minimum presumed income tax

 

 

 

4.18.

 

Share-based payments

 

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Table of Contents

 

5.

 

Critical accounting judgments and estimates

 

 

 

5.1.

 

Critical judgments

 

 

 

5.2.

 

Critical estimates

 

 

 

6.

 

Information about components of Combined statements of financial position

 

 

 

6.1.

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

 

 

6.2.

 

Other financial assets

 

 

 

6.3.

 

Trade receivables

 

 

 

6.4.

 

Other receivables

 

 

 

6.5.

 

Inventories

 

 

 

6.6.

 

Property, plant and equipment

 

 

 

6.7.

 

Intangible assets

 

 

 

6.8.

 

Goodwill

 

 

 

6.9.

 

Trade and other payables

 

 

 

6.10.

 

Borrowings

 

 

 

6.11.

 

Employee benefits and social security

 

 

 

6.12.

 

Deferred revenue and advances from customers

 

 

 

6.13.

 

Government grants

 

 

 

6.14.

 

Provisions

 

 

 

6.15.

 

Puttable instruments

 

 

 

6.16.

 

Financed payment — Acquisition of business

 

 

 

6.17.

 

Changes in allowances and provisions

 

 

 

7.

 

Information about components of Combined statements of comprehensive income

 

 

 

7.1.

 

Revenue

 

 

 

7.2.

 

Cost of sales

 

 

 

7.3.

 

R&D classified by nature

 

 

 

7.4.

 

Expenses classified by nature and function

 

 

 

7.5.

 

Finance income

 

F- 42


Table of Contents

 

7.6.

 

Finance costs

 

 

 

8.

 

Income tax and minimum presumed income tax

 

 

 

9.

 

Information about combined components of equity

 

 

 

9.1.

 

Parent company investment

 

 

 

9.2.

 

Non-controlling interest

 

 

 

10.

 

Cash flow information

 

 

 

11.

 

Joint ventures

 

 

 

12.

 

Segment information

 

 

 

13.

 

Financial instruments- risk management

 

 

 

13.1.

 

Principal financial instruments

 

 

 

13.2.

 

Financial instruments by category

 

 

 

13.3.

 

Financial instruments measured at fair value

 

 

 

13.4.

 

Financial instruments not measured at fair value

 

 

 

13.5.

 

General objectives, policies and processes

 

 

 

14.

 

Leases

 

 

 

14.1.

 

Finance lease — lessee

 

 

 

14.2.

 

Operating lease — lessee

 

 

 

15.

 

Shareholders and other related parties balances and transactions

 

 

 

16.

 

Key management personnel compensation

 

 

 

17.

 

Share-based payments

 

 

 

18.

 

Contingencies, commitments and restrictions on the distribution of profits

 

 

 

19.

 

Events occurring after the reporting period

 

1.                    GENERAL INFORMATION

 

These Combined financial statements are comprised by Bioceres Inc Crop Business, using a carve-out basis (“Bioceres Inc Crop Business”) and Bioceres Semillas S.A. (“Bioceres Semillas” and together with Bioceres Inc Crop Business, the “Group”).

 

BCS Holdings, Inc (“BCS Holdings”) will be a US domiciled holding company that will be created prior to the consummation of the business combination with Union Acquisition Corp. (“Union”), a Cayman Islands exempted special purpose acquisition company listed on the New York Stock Exchange and Domestic filer for SEC purposes. BCS Holdings will receive from Bioceres Inc certain assets and liabilities prior to the

 

F- 43


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consummation of the business combination. Bioceres Inc Crop Business, through the newly created holding intermediate BCS Holdings, and Bioceres Semillas will be acquired by Union in the business combination.

 

The Group is a fully-integrated agricultural biotechnology business with a leadership position in the South America region. It operates multiple technology platforms to develop and commercialize products that enhance crop productivity and expand feedstock applications in order to provide value to its customers around the world. The Group is ultimately controlled by Bioceres S.A., domiciled in the City of Rosario, Province of Santa Fe, Argentina.

 

Description of the reorganization

 

In order to facilitate the business combination with Union, a reorganization will be conducted prior to the consummation of such business combination, whereby a) certain business activities will be transferred between entities; and b) an intermediate holding company will be created under US laws. This reorganization will not affect the common control structure of the entities forming the Group.

 

Bioceres Semillas is a company domiciled in the City of Rosario, Province of Santa Fe, Argentina, whose main activity is the development, production and commercialization of seeds and agricultural products.

 

BCS Holdings, will be a company to be created by Bioceres Inc, a Delaware, US, domiciled non-public holding company, in connection with the proposed business combination with Union, prior to the consummation of it. Bioceres Inc will be converted into Bioceres LLC pursuant to Section 18-214 of the Delaware Limited Liability Act, and through its operating subsidiaries, is engaged in crop productivity.

 

The reorganization will be completed when Bioceres Inc, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Bioceres S.A., contributes to BCS Holdings the following assets and liabilities in exchange for a 100% of the share participation in BCS Holdings:

 

·                        RASA Holding LLC (“RASA Holding”): its common and preferred shares of RASA Holding, a company domiciled at 1209 Orange Street, Wilmington, in the state of Delaware in US. The sole shareholder of RASA Holding is Bioceres Inc, which is controlled by Bioceres S.A.

 

On October 19, 2016, RASA Holding acquired 20,004,000 shares of Rizobacter Argentina S.A. (“Rizobacter”) representing 50.01% of the outstanding capital share plus an option for a further 9.99%. Rizobacter is a global leader in soybean biological products and provider of bio-based solutions for the agricultural sector with a strong focus on crop nutrition and crop protection solutions and an extensive network of international affiliates.

 

Rizobacter has a strategic partnership with the French company De Sangosse. As part of a joint venture, they formed Synertech Industrias S.A. (“Synertech”), a company that produces and commercializes micro-beaded fertilizers.

 

·                        Trigall Genetics S.A. (“Trigall”): Its share participation in Trigall, a joint venture that was formed in December 2013 with Florimond Desprez (a company incorporated in France with an internationally recognized track record in wheat breeding) through Bioceres, Inc. Equity interest is equally shared between both participants.

 

Trigall focuses on developing and commercializing conventional and next-generation biotechnology wheat varieties for the South American market.

 

·                        Verdeca LLC (“Verdeca”): Its share participation in Verdeca, a joint venture that was formed in February 2012 with Arcadia (an USA based company that develops agricultural biotechnologies) through Bioceres, Inc. Equity interest is equally shared between both participants.

 

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Verdeca was created to develop and bring soybean varieties with next-generation agricultural technologies to market.

 

·                        Intangibles technology and germplasms technology that are recognized as intangible assets in Bioceres Inc and R&D related expenses for those intangibles that have not reached their advanced development.

 

·                        The total of the deferred payment derived from the acquisition of Rizobacter that was recognized on the business combination net of contingent payment. Such contingent payment, that will not be transferred to BCS Holdings, and consequently will still be owned by the Parent, may be payable to certain of the selling shareholders of Rizobacter subject to precautionary measures and associated ongoing litigation.

 

On November 8, 2018, Bioceres Inc signed the Exchange Agreement with Union and together issued a press release. Following the reorganization, Bioceres LLC will contribute all if its equity interest in BCS Holdings and Bioceres Semillas to Union in exchange for 27,116,174 ordinary shares and 7,500,000 warrants, each to purchase one Union Share (the “Exchange,” and together with the Reorganization and the other transactions contemplated by the Exchange Agreement, the “Business Combination”).

 

Financial and economic situation

 

Upon completion of the business combination with Union Acquisition Corp., the newly created BCS Holdings will have access to funds released from Union’s Trust Account after payment of any shares redemptions that could occur.

 

With net proceeds from the business combination the newly created BCS Holdings intends to meet current financial obligations arising from the acquisition of Rizobacter. These financial obligations are represented by outstanding deferred payments to sellers of Rizobacter, as well as current borrowings obtained by the Group in the past and used to pay installments of the acquisition as they became due (Note 6.16). Furthermore, remaining net proceeds from the business combination with Union after payment of acquisition related obligations, will be destined to working capital requirements enabling the Group to optimize its capital structure and financing costs.

 

To meet short-term debts, the Group could, if necessary, issue a new Corporate Bond up to US$40 million. This program is already authorized by the regulatory authorities of Argentina and could be allocated to the Group’s needs (Note 6.16). In addition, the Group has revolving credit facilities up to an amount of USD 31.1million with financial institutions, that jointly with the generation of resources from the business operations, allows the Group to meet its current financial obligations.

 

2.                    ACCOUNTING STANDARDS AND BASIS OF PREPARATION

 

2.1             Statement of compliance with IFRS as issued by IASB

 

The Combined financial statements of the Group have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) as issued by International Accounting Standard Board (“IASB”) following the accounting policies as set forth and summarized in Note 4. All IFRS issued by the IASB, effective at the time of preparing these Combined financial statements have been applied.

 

2.2             Scope of combination

 

IFRS provides no guidelines for the preparation of Combined financial statements, which are therefore subject to the rules given in International Accounting Standards (IAS) 8.12. This paragraph requires consideration of the most recent pronouncements of other standard-setting bodies, other financial reporting requirements and recognized industry practices. During the reporting periods of the Combined financial statements, the assets and liabilities forming the Group were under common control of Bioceres S.A.

 

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2.3             Authorization for the issue of the Combined financial statements

 

These Combined financial statements of the Group as of June 30, 2018, June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, for the year ended June 30, 2018, for the six-month transition period ended 2017 and for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 have been authorized by the Board of Directors of Bioceres S.A. at their meetings held on December 21, 2018.

 

2.4             Comparative figures

 

On October 19, 2016, RASA Holding acquired a controlling equity interest in Rizobacter. Therefore, figures presented for the Group in these Combined financial statements in connection with year ended December 31, 2016 are not entirely comparable to the year ended December 31, 2015, given the significance of Rizobacter within the Group.

 

Also, in December 2016, Bioceres S.A. and its subsidiaries approved the amendment of its bylaws, thereby changing the fiscal year-end date from December 31 to June 30 of each year. As a result of the change in the fiscal year end, figures presented for the Group in these financial statements in connection with year ended June 30, 2018, are not entirely comparable to the six-month transition period ended June 30, 2017.

 

2.5             Basis of measurement

 

The Combined financial statements of the Group have been prepared using:

 

·                        Going Concern Basis of Accounting, considering the conclusion of the assessment made by the Group’s Management about the ability of the Group and its subsidiaries to continue as a going concern, in accordance with the requirements of paragraph 25 of IAS 1, “Presentation of Financial Statements”.

 

·                        Accrual Basis of Accounting (except for cash flows information). Under this basis of accounting, the effects of transactions and other events are recognized as they occur, even when there are no cash flows.

 

2.6             Functional currency and presentation currency

 

(a)               Functional currency

 

Items included in the financial statements of each of the Group’s entities are measured using the currency of the primary economic market in which the entity operates (i.e., “the functional currency”).

 

The acquisition of Rizobacter generated synergies and other changes in the Group’s operations that, along with other changes in the business, triggered the reassessment of some of the Group companies’ functional currency. Management concluded that the Argentine Peso shall be the functional currency of all of the Group’s Argentine entities, including Bioceres Semillas, as from January 1, 2017. The group accounted for this change prospectively.

 

IAS 29 “Financial reporting in hyperinflationary economies” requires that the financial statements of an entity whose functional currency is the currency of a hyperinflationary economy with high inflation, whether they are based on the historical cost method or the current cost method, be stated in terms of the measuring unit current at the closing date of the reporting period. For such purpose, the inflation produced from the acquisition date or the revaluation date, as applicable, must be computed in non-monetary items. The standard details a series of factors to be considered for concluding whether an economy is a hyperinflationary economy, including, but not limited to, a cumulative inflation rate over a three-year period that approaches or exceeds 100%. Inflation accumulated in three years, as of June 30, 2018, is over 100%. It is for this reason that, in accordance with IAS 29, the Argentine economy should be considered as high inflation since July 1, 2018. Consequently, the Group should restate its next financial statements to be presented after that date.

 

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In an inflationary period, any entity that maintains an excess of monetary assets over monetary liabilities, will lose purchasing power, and any entity that maintains an excess of monetary liabilities on monetary assets, will gain purchasing power, provided that such items are not subject to an adjustment mechanism.

 

Briefly, the restatement mechanism of IAS 29 establishes that monetary assets and liabilities will not be restated because they are already expressed in a current unit of measurement at the end of the reporting period. Assets and liabilities subject to adjustments based on specific agreements, will be adjusted according to that agreements. Non-monetary items measured at their current values at the end of the reporting period, such as the net realizable value or others, do not need to be restated. The remaining non-monetary assets and liabilities will be restated for a general price index. The loss or gain for the net monetary position will be included in the net result of the reporting period, revealing this information in a separate line item.

 

(b)               Presentation currency

 

The Combined financial statements of the Group are presented in USD, which is the presentation currency.

 

(c)                Foreign currency

 

Transactions entered into by Group entities in a currency other than their functional currency are recorded at the relevant exchange rates as of the date upon which such transactions occur. Foreign currency monetary assets and liabilities are translated at the prevailing exchanges rates as of the final day of each reporting period. Exchange differences arising on the retranslation of unsettled monetary assets and liabilities are recognized immediately in profit or loss, except for foreign currency borrowings qualifying as a hedge of a net investment in a foreign operation for which exchange differences are recognized in other comprehensive income and accumulated in the foreign exchange reserve along with the exchange differences arising on the retranslation of the foreign operation. Upon the disposal of a foreign operation, the cumulative exchange differences recognized in the foreign exchange reserve relating to such operation up to the date of disposal are transferred to the Combined statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income as part of the profit or loss taking place upon such disposal.

 

2.7             Subsidiaries

 

Where the Group holds a controlling interest in an entity, such entity is classified as a subsidiary. The Group exercises control over such an entity if all three of the following elements are present: (i) the Group has the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of the entity; (ii) the Group is exposed to the variable returns of such entity; and (iii) the Group has power to affect the variability of such returns. Control is reassessed whenever facts and circumstances indicate that there may be a change in any of these elements of control.

 

De-facto control exists in situations where the Group has the practical ability to direct the relevant activities of an entity without holding the majority of the voting rights. In determining whether de facto control exists, the Group considers all relevant facts and circumstances, including:

 

·                        The relative share of the Group’s voting rights with respect both the size and dispersion of other parties who hold voting rights;

 

·                        Substantive potential voting rights held by the Group and by other parties;

 

·                        Other contractual arrangements; and

 

·                        Historic patterns in voting attendance.

 

The subsidiaries of the Group, all of which have been included in the Combined financial statements of the Group, are as follows:

 

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Country of

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Incorporation and

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Principal Place of

 

 

 

% Equity Interest

 

Name

 

Principal Activities

 

Business

 

Ref

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

RASA Holding, LLC

 

Investment in subsidiaries

 

United States

 

(a)

 

100.00

%

100.00

%

100.00

%

Rizobacter Argentina S.A.

 

Microbiology Business

 

Argentina

 

(b)

 

60.00

%

60.00

%

60.00

%

Rizobacter do Brasil Ltda.

 

Selling of agricultural inputs

 

Brazil

 

(c)

 

59.99

%

59.94

%

59.94

%

Rizobacter del Paraguay S.A.

 

Selling of agricultural inputs

 

Paraguay

 

(c)

 

59.94

%

57.00

%

57.00

%

Rizobacter Uruguay

 

Selling of agricultural inputs

 

Uruguay

 

(c)

 

60.00

%

60.00

%

60.00

%

Rizobacter South Africa

 

Selling of agricultural inputs

 

South Africa

 

(c)

 

57.00

%

57.00

%

57.00

%

Comer. Agrop. Rizobacter de Bolivia S.A.

 

Selling of agricultural inputs

 

Bolivia

 

(c)

 

59.97

%

57.00

%

57.00

%

Rizobacter USA, LLC

 

Selling of agricultural inputs

 

United States

 

(c)

 

60.00

%

60.00

%

60.00

%

Rizobacter India Private Ltd.

 

Selling of agricultural inputs

 

India

 

(c)

 

59.99

%

59.99

%

59.99

%

Rizobacter Colombia SAS

 

Selling of agricultural inputs

 

Colombia

 

(c)

 

60.00

%

 

 

Indrasa Biotecnología S.A.

 

Research and development

 

Argentina

 

(c) (d)

 

31.50

%

31.50

%

31.50

%

Rizobacter France SAS

 

Research and development

 

France

 

(c)

 

60.00

%

60.00

%

60.00

%

 

The Group holds a majority share of the voting rights in all of its subsidiaries.

 


(a)     The percentage of the voting rights attributable to the Group is the same as the percentage of its equity interest as set forth in the table above.

 

(b)     RASA Holding entered into a shareholders’ agreement with certain existing shareholders of Rizobacter pursuant to which the Group was granted control of 80% of the voting rights of Rizobacter.

 

(c)      Indirect interests held through Rizobacter. The indirect equity interest participation included in this table was the 60% of the direct equity interest participation that Rizobacter owns in each entity.

 

(d)     In September 2018, the participation of Rizobacter S.A. in Indrasa S.A. decreased by 35%, therefore the Group loss the control over this subsidiary.

 

3.                    NEW STANDARDS, AMENDMENTS AND INTERPRETATIONS ISSUED BY THE IASB

 

3.1             New standards and interpretations adopted by the Group

 

The standards and interpretations issued that became effective as of January 1, 2018 are:

 

IFRS 9 — Financial Instruments (version 2014).

 

IFRS 15 — Revenue from Contracts with Customers.

 

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Amendments to IFRS 2 — Classification and measurement of share-based payment transactions.

 

IFRIC 22 — Foreign currency transactions and advance consideration.

 

Amendments to IAS 40 — Transfers of investment.

 

These standards are effective for fiscal years beginning on January 1, 2018 and therefore their impact on the Bioceres Group will rule from the next fiscal year to start on July 1, 2018

 

The standards and interpretations issued, but not yet in force at the date of issuance of these Combined financial statements, which are or may be applicable to the Group, are:

 

IFRS 16 — Leases.

 

The Group intends to adopt these standards and interpretations when they enter into force, except that the opposite is indicated.

 

IFRS 9 — Financial Instruments (version 2014)

 

In July 2014, the IASB issued the final version of “IFRS 9 Financial Instruments” which reflects all phases of the financial instruments project and replaces “IAS 39 Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement” and all previous versions of IFRS 9. The standard introduces new requirements for classification and measurement, impairment, and hedge accounting. IFRS 9 is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018, with early application permitted. Retrospective application is required, but comparative information is not compulsory. Early application of previous versions of IFRS 9 (2009, 2010 and 2013) is permitted if the date of initial application is before February 1, 2015.

 

The Group previously elected to adopt IFRS 9 (version 2013) early.

 

The new measurement and classification requirements in IFRS 9 (version 2014) are not applicable to the Group’s business model for managing its financial assets and that model is not expected to change in the foreseeable future. The Group does not use hedge accounting.

 

Regarding the new impairment requirements in IFRS 9 (version 2014), the Group will have to change its impairment testing methodology for financial assets from an “incurred losses model” to the new “expected losses model.”

 

These amendments do not have a material impact on the Group.

 

IFRS 15 — Revenue from contracts with costumers

 

IFRS 15 was issued in May 2014 and establishes a new five-step model that will apply to revenue arising from contracts with customers. Under IFRS 15 revenue is recognized at an amount that reflects the consideration to which an entity expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring goods or services to a customer.

 

The principles in IFRS 15 provide a more structured approach to measuring and recognizing revenue.

 

The new revenue standard is applicable to all entities and will supersede all current revenue recognition requirements under IFRS. Either a full or modified retrospective application is required for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018 with early adoption permitted.

 

These amendments do not have a material impact on the Group.

 

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Amendments to IFRS 2 — Classification and measurement of share-based payment transactions

 

The standard was amended in June 2016 to clarify the measurement basis for cash-settled share-based payments and the accounting for modifications that change an award from cash-settled to equity-settled. It also introduces an exception to IFRS 2 principles by requiring an award to be treated as if it was wholly equity-settled where an employer is obliged to withhold an amount in respect of the employee’s tax obligation associated with a share-based payment and to pay that amount to the relevant tax authority. It is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018. The Group is currently analyzing the impact of its application on the Group’s operating results or financial position.

 

IFRIC 22 — Foreign currency transactions and advance consideration

 

IFRIC 22 was issued in December 2016. The interpretation addresses how to determine the date of the transaction for the purpose of determining the exchange rate to use on initial recognition of the related asset, expense or income related to an entity that has received or paid advance consideration in a foreign currency. The date of the transaction is the date on which an entity initially recognizes the non-monetary asset or non-monetary liability arising from the payment or receipt of such advance consideration. The standard is effective for annual periods beginning on January 1, 2018. The Group is currently analyzing the impact of its application on the Group’s operating results or financial position.

 

Amendments to IAS 40 — Transfers of investment

 

These modifications clarify when an entity must transfer properties, including properties under construction or development, or outside investment property. The modifications establish that a change in use occurs when the property complies with or fails to meet the definition of investment property and there is evidence of change in use. A simple change in Management’s intentions about the use of the property does not provide evidence of change in use.

 

The changes to the standard will become effective for annual periods beginning on January 1, 2018, with advance application permitted. The modifications are applied prospectively to changes in use occurring after the beginning of the annual period in which the modifications are applied for the first time.

 

These amendments are not expected to have material impact on the Group.

 

3.2             New standards and interpretations not yet adopted by the Group

 

IFRS 16 — Leases

 

IFRS 16 was issued in January 2016. It will result in almost all leases being recognized on the balance sheet, as the distinction between operating and finance leases will be removed. Under the new standard, an asset (the right to use the leased item) and a financial liability to pay rentals are recognized. The only exceptions are short-term and low-value leases.

 

The accounting for lessors will not significantly change.

 

The standard will affect primarily the accounting for the Group’s operating leases. However, the Group has not yet assessed what adjustments, if any, are necessary due to the change in the definition of the lease term and the different treatment of variable lease payments and of extension and termination options. It is therefore not yet possible to estimate the amount of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities that will have to be recognized on adoption of the new standard and how this may affect the Group’s profit or loss and classification of cash flows going forward.

 

The new standard will be effective for financial years commencing on or after January 1, 2019. At this stage, the Group does not intend to adopt the standard before its effective date.

 

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The Group is currently assessing the impact of the new disclosure requirements and currently it is not possible to estimate the potential effects to the Group.

 

4.                    SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

 

4.1             Cash and cash equivalents

 

For the purposes of the statements of financial position and statements of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand and in banks and short-term highly liquid investments (original maturity of less than 90 days). In the Combined statements of financial position, bank overdrafts are included in borrowings within current liabilities.

 

4.2             Financial assets

 

The Group previously elected to early adopt IFRS 9 (version 2013).

 

The Group measures its financial assets at initial recognition at fair value.

 

The Group classifies its financial assets as financial assets measured at amortized cost (using the effective interest method) on the basis of both:

 

·                        The Group’s business model for managing the financial assets; and

 

·                        The contractual cash flows characteristics of the financial asset.

 

The Group has not irrevocably designated a financial asset as measured at fair value through profit or loss to eliminate or significantly reduce a measurement or recognition inconsistency.

 

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss are measured at fair value through profit and loss due to the business model used in their negotiation and/or the contractual characteristics of their cash flows.

 

The Group does not apply hedge accounting.

 

Estimates

 

The Group makes estimates of uncollectibility of its recorded receivables. Management analyzes trade account receivables in accordance with conventional criteria, adjusting the amount through a charge of an allowance for bad debts upon recognition of the inability of third parties to afford their financial obligations to the Group. Management specifically analyzes the accounts receivable, the historical bad debts, solvency of customers, current economic trends and the changes to the payment conditions of customers to assess the adequate allowance for bad debts.

 

4.3             Inventories

 

Inventories are recognized at cost initially and subsequently at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost comprises all costs of purchase and conversion as well as other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition.

 

Weighted average cost is used to determine the cost of ordinarily interchangeable items.

 

Estimates

 

The Group assesses the recoverability of inventories considering their sale price, whether the inventories are damaged and whether they have become obsolete in whole or in part.

 

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Net realizable value is the sale price estimated to be attained in the ordinary course of business, less costs of completion and other selling expenses.

 

The Group sets up an allowance for obsolescence or slow-moving inventories in relation to finished and in-process products. The allowance for obsolescence or slow-moving inventories is recognized for finished products and in-process products based on an analysis by Management of the aging of inventory stocks.

 

4.4             Business combinations

 

The Group applies the acquisition method to account for business combinations. The acquisition cost is measured as the aggregate of the consideration transferred for the acquisition of a subsidiary, which is measured at fair value at the acquisition date, and the amount of any non-controlling interest in such subsidiary. The Group recognizes any non-controlling interest in a subsidiary at the non-controlling interest’s proportionate share of the recognized amounts of subsidiary’s identifiable net assets. The acquisition related costs are expensed as incurred.

 

Any contingent consideration to be transferred by the Group is recognized at fair value at the acquisition date. The contingent consideration is classified as an asset or liability that is a financial instrument under IFRS 9 is measured at fair value through profit or loss.

 

Goodwill is initially measured at cost, which is the excess of the aggregate of the consideration transferred and the amount of the non-controlling interest and any previous interest carried over the net identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed.

 

After initial recognition, goodwill is measured at cost less any accumulated impairment losses. For impairment testing, goodwill acquired in a business combination is, as of the acquisition date, allocated to each of the cash-generating units of the Group that is expected to benefit from the synergies of the combination, without considering whether other assets or liabilities of the subsidiary are allocated to those units.

 

Any impairment in the carrying value is recognized in the combined statement of comprehensive income. In the case of acquisitions in stages, prior to the write-off of the previously held equity interest in the subsidiary, said interest is re-measured at fair value as of the date of acquisition of control over the subsidiary. The result of the remeasurement at fair value is recognized in profit or loss.

 

When a seller in a business combination has contractually agreed to indemnify the Group for the result of a contingency or uncertainty related to the entirety or a portion of an asset or liability, the Group recognizes an indemnification asset. The indemnification asset is measured on the same basis as the indemnification item. At the end of each period, the Group measures the indemnification assets recognized at the acquisition date on the same basis as the indemnified liability, subject to any contractual limitation on the amount and, for an indemnification asset that is not periodically measured at fair value, based on Management’s assessment of the recoverability of the indemnification asset. The Group derecognizes the indemnification asset when it collects or sells it, or when it loses the right over it.

 

Judgment

 

The Group entered into a purchase option contract with certain sellers of Rizobacter to acquire a further 9.99% interest, which option is effective until March 31, 2019 according to the addendum signed (see Note 6.16). As stated in paragraphs B89 and B90 of IFRS 10, the Group must evaluate whether the purchase option grants it, in substance, rights to returns from its involvement with Rizobacter.

 

If the equity interest currently gives the Group rights to returns from its involvement with Rizobacter, then the proportion of returns allocated to the controlling entity should consider the possible exercise of the voting rights that currently entitle the Group to those returns. Otherwise, the possible exercise of the voting rights should not be considered and only the current voting rights are to be considered.

 

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To perform this analysis, the Group has considered that the purchase option contract exposes the Group to returns from the change in the value of the shares (due to the fixed price of the option) and that dividends are not significant in relation to the returns from the equity interest, since the Group has the power to restrict dividend payments to equity holders in Rizobacter. Based on this analysis, the Group has concluded that the purchase option contract grants it, in substance, rights to returns from its involvement with Rizobacter and computed those possible voting rights when determining the proportion of returns allocated to the controlling entity.

 

4.5             Impairment of non-financial assets (excluding inventories and deferred tax assets)

 

Impairment tests on goodwill and intangible assets not yet available for use are undertaken annually at the end of the reporting period. Other non-financial assets are subject to impairment tests whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amount may not be recoverable. Where the carrying value of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount (i.e. the higher of value in use and fair value less costs to sell), the asset is written down accordingly.

 

Where it is not possible to estimate the recoverable amount of an individual asset, the impairment test is carried out on the smallest group of assets to which it belongs for which there are separately identifiable cash flows (its Cash Generating Unit or CGU). Goodwill is allocated on initial recognition to each of the Group’s CGUs that are expected to benefit from a business combination that gives rise to the goodwill.

 

Impairment charges are included in profit or loss, except to the extent they reverse gains previously recognized in other comprehensive income. An impairment loss recognized for goodwill is not reversed.

 

Estimate

 

Impairment testing of goodwill and intangible assets not yet available for use requires the use of significant assumptions for the estimation of future cash flows and the determination of discount rates. The significant assumptions and the determination of discount rates for the impairment testing of goodwill are further explained in Note 6.8.

 

4.6             Joint arrangements

 

An associate is an entity over which the Group exerts significant influence. Significant influence is the power to participate in financial and operating policy decision-making at such entity, but it does not involve control or joint control over those policies.

 

The Group is a party to a joint arrangement when there is a contractual arrangement that confers joint control over the relevant activities of the arrangement to the Group and at least one other party. Joint control is assessed under the same principles as control over subsidiaries.

 

The Group classifies its interests in joint arrangements as either:

 

·                        Joint ventures : where the group has rights to only the net assets of the joint arrangement.

 

·                        Joint operations : where the group has both the rights to the assets and obligations for the liabilities of the joint arrangement.

 

In assessing the classification of interests in joint arrangements, the Group considers:

 

·                        The structure of the joint arrangement;

 

·                        The legal form of joint arrangements structured through a separate vehicle;

 

·                        The contractual terms of the joint arrangement agreement; and

 

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·                        Any other facts and circumstances (including any other contractual arrangements).

 

The Group accounts for its interests in joint ventures using the equity method, where the Group’s share of post-acquisition profits and losses and other comprehensive income is recognized in the Combined statement of profit and loss and other comprehensive income.

 

Losses in excess of the Group’s investment in the joint venture are recognized only to the extent that the Group has incurred legal or constructive obligations or made payments on behalf of the joint venture.

 

Profits and losses arising on transactions between the Group and its joint ventures are recognized only to the extent of unrelated investors’ interests in the joint venture. The Group’s share in a joint venture’s profits and losses resulting from a transaction is eliminated against the carrying amount of investment in the joint venture through the line “share of profit (or loss) of joint ventures” in the Combined statements of profit or loss and other comprehensive income.

 

Any premium paid for an investment in a joint venture above the fair value of the Group’s share of the identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities acquired is capitalized and included in the carrying amount of the investment in the joint venture. Where there is objective evidence that the investment in a joint venture has been impaired, the carrying amount of the investment is tested for impairment in the same way as other non-financial assets.

 

When the Group loses significant influence in an associate or joint control over a joint venture, it measures and recognizes any investment held at fair value. Any difference between the carrying amount of the associate or joint venture when losing significant influence or joint control and the fair value of the held investment and sale revenue are recognized in profit or loss.

 

The Group accounts for its interests in joint operations by recognizing its share of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses in accordance with its contractually conferred rights and obligations.

 

For all joint arrangements structured in separate vehicles the Group must assess the substance of the joint arrangement in determining whether it is classified as a joint venture or joint operation. This assessment requires the Group to consider whether it has rights to the joint arrangement’s net assets (in which case it is classified as a joint venture), or rights to and obligations for specific assets, liabilities, expenses, and revenues (in which case it is classified as a joint operation).

 

Upon consideration of the factors mentioned above, the Group has determined that all of its joint arrangements structured through separate vehicles only give it rights to the net assets and are therefore classified as joint ventures (Note 11).

 

Estimates

 

There is considerable uncertainty regarding Management’s estimates of the Group’s ability to recover the carrying amounts of the investments in joint ventures, since such estimates depend on the joint ventures’ ability to generate sufficient funds to complete the development projects, the future outcome of the project deregulation process and the amounts and timing of the cash flows from projects, among other future events.

 

Management assesses whether there are impairment indicators and, if any, it performs a recoverability analysis.

 

Management estimates of the recoverability of these investments represent the best estimate based on available evidence, the existing facts and circumstances, using reasonable and provable assumptions in the cash flow projections.

 

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Therefore, the Combined financial statements do not include adjustments that would be required if the Group were unable to recover the carrying amount of the above-mentioned assets by generating sufficient economic benefits in the future.

 

When the Group acquired control of Rizobacter, it also acquired the joint control of Synertech. Therefore, the investment in Synertech was added at the time of initial recognition of the acquisition at fair value. The determination of the fair value of Synertech at the acquisition date is based on the application of a future cash flow present value technique. The main assumptions considered in determining fair value relate to the applicable discount rate and to the projections of higher revenue from sales of micro-granulated fertilizers.

 

4.7             Property, plant and equipment

 

Property, plant and equipment items are initially recognized at cost. In addition to the purchase price, cost also includes costs directly attributable to such property, plant and equipment items. There are no unavoidable costs with respect to dismantling and removing items. The cost of property, plant and equipment items acquired in a business combination is their fair value at the acquisition date.

 

Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method to allocate the property, plant or equipment items’ cost or revalued amounts, net of their residual values, over their estimated useful lives or, in the case of leasehold improvements and certain leased plant and equipment, the shorter lease term as follows:

 

Research instruments: 3 to 10 years

 

Office equipment: 5 to 10 years

 

Vehicles: 5 years

 

Computer equipment and software: 3 years

 

Fixture and fittings: 10 years

 

Machinery and equipment: 5 to 10 years

 

Buildings: 50 years

 

Useful lives and depreciation methods are reviewed every year as required by IAS 16.

 

Assets under items Land and Buildings, are accounted for at fair value arising from the last revaluation performed, applying the revaluation model indicated by IAS 16. This policy was adopted by the Group since the six-month transition period ended June 30, 2017.

 

Revaluations are performed on a regular basis, when there are signs that the book value differs significantly from that to be determined using the fair value at the end of the reporting year.

 

To obtain fair values, the existence of an active market is considered for the assets in their current status. For those assets for which an active market in their current status exists, the fair values were determined based on their market values. For the remaining cases, the market values of comparable new assets are analysed, applying a discount based on the status and wear of each asset and considering the characteristics of each of the revalued assets (for example, improvements made, maintenance status, level of productivity, use, etc.)

 

Estimates

 

The Group carries certain classes of property, plant and equipment under the revaluation model under IAS 16. The revaluation model requires that the Group carry property, plant and equipment at revalued amounts, being fair value at the date of revaluation less any subsequent accumulated depreciation and any subsequent

 

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accumulated impairment losses. IAS 16 requires that the Group carry out these revaluations with sufficient regularity so that the carrying amounts of its property, plant and equipment do not differ materially from that which would be determined using fair value at the end of a reporting period. The determination of fair value at the date of revaluation requires judgments, estimates and assumptions based on market conditions prevailing at the time of any such revaluation. Changes to any of the Group’s judgments, estimates or assumptions or to the market conditions subsequent to a revaluation will result in changes to the fair value of property, plant and equipment.

 

The Group prepares the corresponding revaluations on a regular basis taking into account the work of independent appraisers. The Group uses different valuation techniques depending on the class of property being valued. Generally, the Group determines the fair value of its industrial buildings and warehouses based on a depreciated replacement cost approach. The Group determines the fair value of its land based on active market prices adjusted, if necessary, for differences in the nature, location or condition of the specific asset. If this information is not available, the Group may use alternative valuation methods, such as recent prices in less active markets.

 

Property valuation is a significant area of estimation uncertainty. Fair values are prepared regularly by Management, taking into account independent valuations. The determination of fair value for the different classes of property, plant and equipment is sensitive to the selection of various significant assumptions and estimates. Changes in those significant assumptions and estimates could materially affect the determination of the revalued amounts of property, plant and equipment. The Group utilizes historical experience, market information and other internal information to determine and/or review the appropriate revalued amounts.

 

The following are the most significant assumptions used in the preparation of the revalued amounts for its classes of property, plant and equipment:

 

(a)               Land: The Group generally uses the market price of a square meter of land for the same or similar location as the most significant assumption to determine the revalued amount. The Group typically uses comparable land sales in the same location to assess appropriateness of the value of its land. A 10% increase or decrease in the market price of land could have a significant impact on the revalued amount of its land.

 

(b)               Industrial buildings and warehouses: The Group generally determines the construction cost of a new asset and then the Group adjusts it for normal wear and tear. Construction prices may include, but are not limited to, construction materials, labor costs, installation and assembly costs, site preparation, professional fees and applicable taxes. Construction costs may differ significantly from year to year and are subject to macroeconomic changes in the economy where the Group operates, such as the impact of inflation and foreign exchange rates. The construction cost of its industrial buildings and warehouses is determined on a US dollar per constructed square meter basis, while the construction cost of its mills, facilities and grain storage facilities is determined by reference to their total capacity measured in tons milled or stored, respectively. A 5% increase or decrease in the construction costs relating to such assets could have a significant impact on their revalued amounts. A 5% variation in the estimate of normal wear and tear could also have a significant impact on their revalued amounts.

 

Increases in the carrying amounts arising on revaluation of land and buildings are recognized, net of tax, in other comprehensive income and accumulated in reserves in shareholders’ equity. To the extent that the increase reverses a decrease previously recognized in profit or loss, the increase is first recognized in profit or loss. Decreases that reverse previous increases of the same asset are first recognized in other comprehensive income to the extent of the remaining surplus attributable to the asset; all other decreases are charged to profit or loss.

 

4.8             Leased assets

 

Where substantially all of the risks and rewards incidental to ownership of a leased asset have been transferred to the Group (a “finance lease”), the asset is treated as if it had been purchased outright. The amount initially recognized as an asset is the lower of the fair value of the leased property and the present value of the minimum lease payments payable over the term of the lease. The corresponding lease commitment is shown as a liability. Lease payments are categorized as capital or interest. The interest element is charged to the Combined

 

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statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income over the period of the lease and is calculated so that it represents a constant proportion of the lease liability. The capital element reduces the balance owed to the lessor.

 

Where substantially all of the risks and rewards incidental to ownership are not transferred to the Group (an “operating lease”), the total rentals payable under the lease are charged to the Combined statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

 

The aggregate benefit of lease incentives is recognized as a reduction of the rental expense over the lease term on a straight-line basis.

 

4.9             Intangible assets

 

(a)               Externally acquired intangible assets

 

Externally acquired intangible assets are initially recognized at cost and subsequently amortized on a straight-line basis over their useful economic lives.

 

Intangible assets acquired from third parties have an estimated useful life as follows (in years):

 

Software: 3 years

 

Trademarks and patents: 5 years

 

Certification ISO Standards: 3 years

 

Useful lives and amortization methods are reviewed every year as required by IAS 38.

 

(b)               Internally generated intangible assets (development costs)

 

Expenditure on internally developed products is capitalized if it can be demonstrated that:

 

·                        It is technically feasible to develop the product for it to be sold;

 

·                        Adequate resources are available to complete the development;

 

·                        There is an intention to complete and sell the product;

 

·                        The Group is able to sell the product;

 

·                        Sale of the product will generate future economic benefits; and

 

·                        Expenditure on the project can be measured reliably.

 

Development expenditure not satisfying the above criteria and expenditure on the research phase of internal projects are recognized in the combined statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income as incurred (Note 7.3).

 

Capitalized development costs are amortized using the straight-line method over the periods the Group expects to benefit from selling the products developed (Note 6.7).

 

Useful lives and amortization methods are reviewed every year as required by IAS 38.

 

The research and development process can be divided into several discrete steps or phases, which generally begin with discovery, validation and development and end with regulatory approval and commercial launch. The

 

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process for developing seed traits is relatively similar for both GM and non-GM traits. However, the two differ significantly in later phases of development. For example, obtaining regulatory approval for GM seeds is a far more comprehensive and lengthy process than for non-GM seeds. Although breeding programs and industrial biotechnology solutions may have shorter or simpler phases than those described below, the Group has used the industry consensus for seed-trait development phases to characterize its technology portfolios, which is generally divided into the following six phases:

 

(i)                   Discovery: The first phase in the technology development process is the discovery or identification of candidate genes or genetic systems, metabolites, or microorganisms potentially capable of enhancing specified plant characteristics or enabling an agro-industrial biotech solution. In the Group’s experience, the discovery phase typically lasts 18 months, though it may range from as few as six months for microbial solutions to as many as 36 months for plant GM traits.

 

(ii)                Proof of concept: Upon successful validation of the technologies in model systems ( in vitro or in vivo ), promising technologies graduate from discovery and are advanced to the proof of concept phase. The goal of this phase is to validate a technology within the targeted organism before moving forward with technology escalation activities or extensive field validation. In the Group’s experience, the proof of concept phase typically lasts 36 months, though it may range from as few as six months for a microbial solution to as many as four years for plant GM traits.

 

(iii)             Early development: In this phase, field tests commenced in the proof of concept phase are expanded to evaluate various permutations of a technology in multiple geographies and growing cycles, as well as other characteristics in order to optimize the technology’s performance in the targeted organisms. The goal of the early development phase is to identify the best mode of use of a technology to define its performance concept. The early development phase typically lasts 24 months.

 

(iv)            Advanced development and deregulation: In this phase, extensive field tests are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the technology for its intended purpose. In the case of GM traits, the process of obtaining regulatory approvals from government authorities is also initiated during this phase, and tests are performed to evaluate the potential environmental impact of modified plants. For solutions involving microbial fermentation, industrial-scale runs are conducted. In Argentina and some other countries in South America, the Group is primarily responsible for undertaking this phase of product development. Similarly, the Group’s strategic partners usually lead the advanced development and deregulation activities in other markets pursuant to the applicable contractual arrangements. The advanced development and deregulation phase typically lasts about 24 months, with some projects requiring substantial regulatory data lasting as many as three years. For molecular farming projects, where grain production will occur within Argentina, the Group may follow a simplified regulatory approach, which requires less time than traditional GM regulatory approvals.

 

(v)               Pre-launch: This phase involves finalizing the regulatory approval process and preparing for the launch and commercialization of the technology. The range of activities in this phase includes seed increases, pre-commercial production, and product and solution testing with selected customers. Usually, a more detailed marketing strategy and preparation of marketing materials occur during this phase. The pre-launch phase may last up to 24 months.

 

(vi)            Product launch: In general, this phase, which is the last milestone of the research and development process, is carried out by the Group, the joint ventures and/or the Group’s technology licensees. When technology is commercialized through the joint ventures or technology licensees, a successful product launch will trigger royalty payments to the Group, which are generally calculated as a percentage of the net sales realized by the technology and captured upon commercialization.

 

Demonstrability of technical feasibility generally occurs when the project reaches the “advanced development and deregulation” phase because at this stage success is considered to be probable.

 

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(c)                Intangible assets acquired in a business combination

 

Intangible assets acquired in a business combination and recognized separately from goodwill are initially recognized at acquisition date fair value (which is considered as their cost). After initial recognition, those assets are measured at cost less accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses in the same manner as intangible assets acquired separately.

 

·                        Product registration: In accordance with regulations set by certain regulatory agencies such as the National Agri-Food Safety and Quality Service (SENASA), Rizobacter has been required to register products with regulatory authorities to be able to sell them both in the domestic and international markets (jointly referred to as “Product Registration”). Some of the registered products have been developed by third parties.

 

·                        Brand: Rizobacter offers a wide variety of proprietary and third-party products, which are commercialized under the Rizobacter brand name. This intangible has been designated with an indefinite useful life.

 

·                        Customer loyalty: Rizobacter sales to distributors of agrochemicals and to special accounts, mainly large retailers and wholesalers, whether inside or outside the Argentine territory are included. They are recognised at their fair value at the date of acquisition and are subsequently amortised on a straight-line based on the timing of projected cash flows of the clients over their estimated useful lives.

 

Intangible assets acquired in a business combination have an estimated useful life as follows (in years):

 

Product registration: 5 years

 

Customer loyalty: 26 years

 

Estimates

 

The Group acquired certain intangible assets from Rizobacter in a business combination. To value those intangible assets, valuation techniques generally accepted in the market were applied, based mainly on the revenue approach (such as excess earnings, relief from royalty, and with or without), considering the characteristics of the assets to be valued and available information to estimate their acquisition date fair value. Application of these valuation techniques requires the use of several assumptions related to future cash flows and the discount rate.

 

4.10      Financial liabilities

 

The Group adopted IFRS 9 (version 2013) early.

 

The Group measures its financial liabilities at initial recognition at fair value.

 

The Group classifies all its financial liabilities as financial liabilities measured at amortized cost (using the effective interest rate method), except for the following liabilities that are measured at fair value: (a) Certain hybrid contracts that include embedded derivatives and for which the option of paragraph 4.3.5 of IFRS 9 was used to designate the hybrid contract as a whole at fair value through profit or loss and (b) embedded derivatives.

 

In the case of hybrid contracts that were designated as a whole at fair value through profit or loss, the amount of the change in fair value of the financial liability that is attributable to changes in credit risk attaching to that liability is disclosed in other comprehensive income. The rest of the change in fair value of the liability is recognized in income.

 

In the case of the other financial liabilities measured at fair value, the change in fair value is charged to income.

 

The Group does not apply hedge accounting.

 

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Estimates

 

The Group has designated certain hybrid contracts as a whole at fair value. Management of the Group periodically evaluates the appropriate valuation techniques and data used in the fair value measurement and estimation of changes in fair value derived from changes in credit risk. In estimating the fair value of those financial liabilities, the Group uses observable market inputs as far as possible.

 

Information about the valuation techniques and significant assumptions used is detailed in Note 13.

 

4.11      Employee benefits

 

Employee benefits are expected to be settled wholly within 12 months after the end of the reporting period and are presented as current liabilities.

 

The accounting policies related to incentive payments based on the stock options are detailed in Note 4.18.

 

4.12      Provisions

 

The Group has recognized provisions for liabilities of uncertain timing or amount. The provision is measured at the best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the obligation at the end of the reporting period, discounted at a pre-tax rate reflecting current market assessments of the time value of money and risks specific to the liability.

 

4.13      Parent company investment

 

The Group has recognized the contribution made by Bioceres S.A. into the combined entity as Parent company investment.

 

Financial instruments issued by the Group are classified as equity only to the extent that they do not meet the definition of a financial liability.

 

The Group’s ordinary shares are classified as equity instruments, except for the puttable shares which are compound financial instruments. Puttable shares are segregated into separate components of equity instruments and puttable instruments, the latter of which is classified as a financial liability in accordance with IAS 32.

 

The shares classified as equity instruments are measured at nominal value.

 

4.14      Revenue recognition

 

Revenue is measured at fair value of consideration received or receivable.

 

(a)               Sale of goods

 

Revenue from the sale of goods is recognized when all the following conditions have been satisfied:

 

(i)                   the Group has transferred to the buyer the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods;

 

(ii)      the Group retains neither continuing managerial involvement to the degree usually associated with ownership nor effective control over the goods sold;

 

(iii)             the amount of revenue can be measured reliably;

 

(iv)            it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to the Group; and

 

(v)               the costs incurred or to be incurred in respect of the transaction can be measured reliably.

 

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In the case of sales made with where delivery is delayed at the buyer’s request but the buyer assumes ownership and accepts the invoice, revenue is recognized when the buyer assumes ownership, provided that:

 

·                        It must be probable that delivery will take place;

 

·                        The goods must be on hand, identified and be ready for delivery to the buyer at the time the sale is recognized

 

·                        The buyer must specifically acknowledge the deferred delivery instructions; and

 

·                        The usual payment terms must apply.

 

No revenue is recognized when there is only an intention to purchase or produce the goods in time for delivery.

 

(b)               Rendering of services

 

When the outcome of a transaction involving the rendering of services can be estimated reliably, revenue associated with the transaction is recognized by reference to the stage of completion of the transaction at the end of the reporting period. The outcome of a transaction can be estimated reliably when all the following conditions are satisfied:

 

(i)                   the amount of revenue can be measured reliably;

 

(ii)                it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to the entity;

 

(iii)             the stage of completion of the transaction at the end of the reporting period can be measured reliably; and

 

(iv)            the costs incurred for the transaction and the costs to complete the transaction can be measured reliably.

 

When the outcome of the transaction involving the rendering of services cannot be estimated reliably, revenue is recognized only to the extent of the expenses recognized that are recoverable.

 

The stage of completion for research and development services is generally determined on the basis of internal records of execution of the performed tasks of the respective work plan.

 

For practical purposes, when services are performed by an indeterminate number of acts over a specified period of time, revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis over the specified period unless there is evidence that some other method better represents the stage of completion.

 

When a specific act is much more significant than any other acts, the recognition of revenue is postponed until the significant act is executed.

 

(c)                Licenses and royalties

 

Licenses and royalties are recognized when it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to the Group; and the amount of revenue can be measured reliably.

 

Fees and royalties paid for the use of the Group’s assets are normally recognized in accordance with the substance of the agreement.

 

When a licensee has the right to use certain technology for a specified period of time, revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis over the life of the agreement.

 

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An assignment of rights for a fixed fee or non-refundable guarantee under a non-cancellable contract which permits the licensee to exploit those rights freely and the licensor has no remaining obligations to perform is, in substance, a sale. In such cases, revenue is recognized at the time of sale.

 

In some cases, whether or not a license fee or royalty will be received is contingent on the occurrence of a future event. In such cases, revenue is recognized only when it is probable that the fee or royalty will be received, which is normally when the event has occurred.

 

4.15      Government grants

 

Government grants are recognized where there is reasonable assurance that the grant will be received and all attached conditions will be complied with. When the grant relates to an expense item, it is recognized as income on a systematic basis over the periods that the related costs, for which it is intended to compensate, are expensed. When the grant relates to an asset, it is recognized as income in equal amounts over the expected useful life of the related asset. Management elected this accounting policy because the Group determined it better shows the financial effect of government grants in the Combined financial statements.

 

When the Group receives grants of non-monetary assets, the asset and the grant are recorded at nominal amounts and released to profit or loss over the expected useful life of the asset.

 

The difference between the money obtained under government loans at subsidized rates and the carrying amount of those loans is treated as a government grant, in accordance with IAS 20.

 

4.16      Borrowing costs

 

Borrowing costs, either generic or specific, attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale (qualifying assets) are included in the cost of the assets until the moment that they are substantially ready for use or sale. Income earned on the temporary investments of funds generated in specific borrowings still pending use in the qualifying assets, are deducted from the total of financing costs potentially eligible for capitalization.

 

All other loan costs are recognized under financial costs, through profit and loss.

 

4.17      Income tax and minimum presumed income tax

 

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized where the carrying amount of an asset or liability in the Combined statement of financial position differs from its tax base, except for differences arising on:

 

·                        The initial recognition of goodwill;

 

·                        The initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction which is not a business combination and at the time of the transaction affects neither accounting or taxable profit; and

 

Investments in subsidiaries and jointly controlled entities where the Group is able to control the timing of the reversal of the difference and it is probable that the difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future.

 

Recognition of deferred tax assets is restricted to those instances where it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the difference can be utilized.

 

The amount of the asset or liability is determined using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period and are expected to apply when the deferred tax liabilities/(assets) are settled/(recovered).

 

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Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when the Group has a legally enforceable right to offset current tax assets and liabilities and the deferred tax assets and liabilities relate to taxes levied by the same tax authority on either:

 

·                        The same taxable entity within the Group, or

 

·                        Different entities within the Group which intend either to settle current tax assets and liabilities on a net basis, or to realize the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously, in each future period in which significant amounts of deferred tax assets or liabilities are expected to be settled or recovered.

 

Minimum presumed income tax applies to assets of the entities domiciled in Argentina. The tax is only applicable if the total value of the assets is above ARS 200,000 at the end of the fiscal year, and is levied at a rate of 1% on the total value of such assets. The amount of the tax paid on minimum presumed income tax is allowed as a credit toward income tax. Furthermore, to the extent that this tax cannot be credited against normal corporate income tax, it may be carried forward as a credit for the following ten years. Shares and other capital participations in the stock capital of entities subject to the minimum presumed income tax are exempted from the tax on minimum presumed income.

 

The Group determined on the basis of current jurisprudence that the aforementioned tax is not applicable in the year ended June 30, 2018, as the Group has both accounting and fiscal losses.

 

4.18      Share-based payments

 

Certain executives and directors of the Group are granted incentives in the form of shares and options to purchase Bioceres S.A. shares as consideration for services.

 

The cost of these share-based transactions is determined based on their fair value at the date upon which such incentives are granted using a valuation model that is appropriate in the circumstances.

 

This cost is recognized as an expense together with an increase in equity throughout the period in which the service or performance conditions are satisfied (i.e., the vesting period). The accumulated expense recorded in connection with these transactions at the end of each year until the vesting date reflects the time elapsed between the vesting period and Management’s best estimate of the number of equity instruments that will vest. The charge to income/loss for the period represents the variation in the accumulated expense recorded between the beginning and the end of the year.

 

Non-market related service and performance conditions are not taken into account when determining the grant date fair value of the equity instruments, but the probability that the conditions are fulfilled is assessed as part of Management’s best estimate of the number of equity instruments that will vest. Market-related performance conditions are reflected in the grant date fair value. Any other conditions related to equity-settled share-based payment transactions but without a service requirement are considered as non-vesting conditions. Non-vesting conditions are reflected in the fair value of the equity instruments and are charged to income/loss immediately unless there are service and/or performance conditions as well.

 

No amount is recognized for transactions that will not vest because non-market related performance conditions and/or service conditions were not satisfied. When transactions include market-related conditions or non-vesting conditions, the transactions are considered to be vested, irrespective of whether a market-related condition or the non-vesting condition is satisfied, provided that all the other performance and/or service conditions are met.

 

When the terms and conditions of an equity-settled share-based payment transaction are modified, the minimum expense recognized is the grant date fair value, unmodified, provided that the original terms have been complied with. An additional expense, measured at the date of modification, is recognized for any modification that increases the total fair value of the share-based payment transaction, or is otherwise beneficial to the employee.

 

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When the transaction is settled by the Bioceres S.A. or by the counterparty, any remainder of the fair value is charged to income immediately.

 

The dilutive effect of current options is considered in the calculation of the diluted earnings per share.

 

Estimates

 

The estimate of the fair value of equity-settled share-based payment transactions requires a determination to be made of the most adequate option pricing model to apply depending on the terms and conditions of the arrangement. This estimate also requires a determination of those factors most appropriate to the pricing model, including the expected life of the option and the expected volatility of the share price upon the basis of which hypotheses are made. The Group measures the fair value of these transactions at the grant date applying the Black-Scholes formula adjusted to consider the possible dilutive effect of the future exercise of the share options granted on their estimated fair value at grant date, as established in paragraph B41 of IFRS 2. The hypotheses used for the estimate of the fair value of these transactions are disclosed in Note 17 and will not necessarily take place in the future.

 

5.                    CRITICAL ACCOUNTING JUDGMENTS AND ESTIMATES

 

The Group makes certain estimates and assumptions regarding the future. Estimates and judgments are continually evaluated based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. In the future, actual experience may differ from these estimates and assumptions. The estimates and assumptions that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year are discussed below.

 

5.1             Critical judgments

 

·                        Determination of the percentage of equity interest in Rizobacter (Note 4.4)

 

5.2             Critical estimates

 

·                        Estimate of the trade receivables impairment provision (Note 4.2)

 

·                        Estimate of the inventory obsolescence allowance (Note 4.3)

 

·                        Capitalization and impairment testing of development costs (Notes 4.5 and 6.7)

 

·                        Impairment of goodwill (Notes 4.5 and 6.8)

 

·                        Recoverability of investments in joint ventures (Note 4.6)

 

·                        Fair value of land and buildings (Note 4.7)

 

·                        Identification and fair value of identifiable intangible assets arising in a business combination (Note 4.9 y 6.7)

 

·                        Fair value of financial liabilities measured at fair value through profit or loss (Note 4.10)

 

·                        Share-based payments (Notes 4.18 and 17)

 

·                        Recognition and recoverability of deferred tax assets and credit for minimum presumed income tax (Note 4.17 and Note 8)

 

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6.                    INFORMATION ABOUT COMPONENTS OF COMBINED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION

 

6.1             Cash and cash equivalents

 

 

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

Cash and banks

 

2,215,103

 

1,679,478

 

982,897

 

 

 

2,215,103

 

1,679,478

 

982,897

 

 

6.2             Other financial assets

 

 

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

Current

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other marketable securities

 

12,526

 

4,275

 

4,474

 

Restricted short term deposit

 

4,538,321

 

4,260,517

 

 

 

 

4,550,847

 

4,264,792

 

4,474

 

 

 

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

Non-current

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Shares of Bioceres S.A.

 

240,920

 

676,762

 

708,378

 

Other marketable securities

 

2,438

 

90,237

 

3,989

 

 

 

243,358

 

766,999

 

712,367

 

 

6.3             Trade receivables

 

 

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

Trade debtors

 

44,641,053

 

34,121,040

 

45,608,293

 

Allowance for impairment of trade debtors

 

(3,212,170

)

(2,873,688

)

(2,949,214

)

Shareholders and other related parties (Note 15)

 

571,216

 

1,025,903

 

1,918,321

 

Allowance for impairment of related parties (Note 15)

 

(23,126

)

(205,960

)

(8,210

)

Allowance for return of goods

 

(1,517,361

)

(1,393,059

)

(658,958

)

Trade debtors — Parent company (Note 15)

 

361,606

 

 

 

Trade debtors — Joint ventures (Note 15)

 

209,039

 

217,963

 

216,078

 

Discounted and deferred checks

 

11,858,170

 

10,783,719

 

11,924,319

 

 

 

52,888,427

 

41,675,918

 

56,050,629

 

 

Variations in the allowance for uncollectible trade receivables are reported in Note 6.17.

 

6.4             Other receivables

 

 

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

Current

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Taxes

 

664,926

 

1,904,592

 

191,513

 

Insurance to be accrued

 

9,219

 

13,210

 

4,095

 

Other receivables — Shareholders and other related parties (Note 15)

 

119,677

 

67,753

 

928,144

 

Other receivables — Parent Company (Note 15)

 

103,251

 

 

 

Other receivables — Joint ventures (Note 15)

 

1,962,459

 

3,085,056

 

1,307,665

 

Prepayments to suppliers

 

516,742

 

1,210,070

 

957,299

 

Reimbursements over exports

 

362,815

 

151,107

 

133,301

 

Prepaid expenses and other receivables

 

 

265,972

 

99,342

 

Loans receivable

 

1,360

 

5,732

 

7,834

 

Miscellaneous

 

499,756

 

404,727

 

657,717

 

 

 

4,240,205

 

7,108,219

 

4,286,910

 

 

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06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

Non-Current

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Taxes

 

295,924

 

484,572

 

339,423

 

Reimbursements over exports

 

346,575

 

472,276

 

245,051

 

Other receivables — Joint ventures (Note 15)

 

4,337,008

 

1,213,053

 

1,792,123

 

Miscellaneous

 

 

13,343

 

13,965

 

 

 

4,979,507

 

2,183,244

 

2,390,562

 

 

6.5             Inventories

 

 

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

Agrochemicals

 

94,486

 

183,822

 

495,992

 

Seeds and grains

 

514,000

 

1,273,515

 

2,072,067

 

Microbiological resale products

 

8,389,191

 

13,749,668

 

8,756,902

 

Microbiological products produced

 

6,383,263

 

8,931,124

 

15,741,253

 

Goods in transit

 

776,869

 

482,185

 

1,272,168

 

Supplies

 

3,978,934

 

7,424,825

 

5,496,929

 

Allowance for obsolescence

 

(770,742

)

(707,105

)

(1,157,997

)

 

 

19,366,001

 

31,338,034

 

32,677,314

 

 

The roll-forward of allowance for obsolescence is in Note 6.17.

 

6.6             Property, plant and equipment

 

Property, plant and equipment as of June 30, 2018, June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 included the following:

 

 

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

Gross carrying amount

 

44,764,394

 

48,520,889

 

47,276,088

 

Accumulated depreciation

 

(4,587,248

)

(2,302,014

)

(882,327

)

Net carrying amount

 

40,177,146

 

46,218,875

 

46,393,761

 

 

1. Net carrying amount for each class of assets is as follows:

 

Class

 

Net Carrying
Amount
06/30/2018

 

Net Carrying
Amount
06/30/2017

 

Net Carrying
Amount

12/31/2016

 

Office equipment

 

194,819

 

220,698

 

207,388

 

Vehicles

 

1,099,603

 

1,849,887

 

1,992,556

 

Equipment and computer software

 

212,236

 

308,360

 

380,386

 

Fixtures and fittings

 

3,508,083

 

4,460,903

 

4,701,939

 

Machinery and equipment

 

4,466,293

 

8,405,441

 

9,105,953

 

Land and buildings

 

30,513,273

 

30,103,117

 

29,584,854

 

Buildings in progress

 

182,839

 

870,469

 

420,685

 

Total

 

40,177,146

 

46,218,875

 

46,393,761

 

 

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2. Gross carrying amount as of June 30, 2018 is as follows:

 

 

 

Gross Carrying Amount

 

Class

 

As of the
Beginning
of Year

 

Additions

 

Transfers

 

Disposals

 

Foreign
Currency
Translation

 

Revaluation

 

As of the
End of
Year

 

Office equipment

 

252,220

 

119,623

 

 

 

(127,895

)

 

243,948

 

Vehicles

 

2,223,102

 

388,856

 

 

(131,746

)

(819,918

)

 

1,660,294

 

Equipment and computer software

 

426,529

 

189,094

 

47,744

 

(14,726

)

(229,003

)

 

419,638

 

Fixtures and fittings

 

4,665,074

 

6,178

 

1,646,914

 

(1,632

)

(2,489,869

)

 

3,826,665

 

Machinery and equipment

 

9,152,269

 

197,840

 

 

(23,010

)

(3,923,070

)

 

5,404,029

 

Land and buildings

 

30,931,226

 

26,017

 

651,662

 

 

(13,146,785

)

14,564,861

 

33,026,981

 

Buildings in progress

 

870,469

 

1,864,186

 

(2,346,320

)

 

(205,496

)

 

182,839

 

Total

 

48,520,889

 

2,791,794

 

 

(171,114

)

(20,942,036

)

14,564,861

 

44,764,394

 

 

3. Accumulated depreciation as of June 30, 2018 is as follows:

 

 

 

Depreciation

 

Class

 

Accumulated
as of the
Beginning of
Year

 

Disposals

 

of the Year

 

Foreign
Currency
Translation

 

Revaluation

 

Accumulated
as of the End
of Year

 

Office equipment

 

31,522

 

 

41,740

 

(24,133

)

 

49,129

 

Vehicles

 

373,215

 

(42,928

)

434,632

 

(204,228

)

 

560,691

 

Equipment and computer software

 

118,169

 

(13,641

)

195,386

 

(92,512

)

 

207,402

 

Fixtures and fittings

 

204,171

 

 

286,024

 

(171,613

)

 

318,582

 

Machinery and equipment

 

746,828

 

 

741,508

 

(550,600

)

 

937,736

 

Land and buildings

 

828,109

 

 

531,591

 

(516,056

)

1,670,064

 

2,513,708

 

Total

 

2,302,014

 

(56,569

)

2,230,881

 

(1,559,142

)

1,670,064

 

4,587,248

 

 

4. Gross carrying amount as of June 30, 2017 is as follows:

 

 

 

Gross Carrying Amount

 

Class

 

As of the
Beginning
of Period

 

Additions

 

Transfers

 

Disposals

 

Foreign
Currency
Translation

 

Revaluation

 

As of the
End of
Period

 

Office equipment

 

235,301

 

32,138

 

 

 

(15,219

)

 

252,220

 

Vehicles

 

2,136,823

 

441,478

 

 

(183,170

)

(172,029

)

 

2,223,102

 

Equipment and computer software

 

460,518

 

20,637

 

 

(32,074

)

(22,552

)

 

426,529

 

Fixtures and fittings

 

4,770,076

 

 

127,475

 

 

(232,477

)

 

4,665,074

 

Machinery and equipment

 

9,492,852

 

18,513

 

73,717

 

(10,678

)

(422,135

)

 

9,152,269

 

Land and buildings

 

29,759,833

 

15,508

 

(428,844

)

(197,467

)

(1,461,403

)

3,243,599

 

30,931,226

 

Buildings in progress

 

420,685

 

167,393

 

227,652

 

 

54,739

 

 

870,469

 

Total

 

47,276,088

 

695,667

 

 

(423,389

)

(2,271,076

)

3,243,599

 

48,520,889

 

 

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5. Accumulated depreciation as of June 30, 2017 is as follows:

 

 

 

Depreciation

 

Class

 

Accumulated
as of
Beginning of
Period

 

Disposals

 

Of the
Period

 

Foreign
Currency
Translation

 

Revaluation

 

Accumulated

as of the End

of Period

 

Office equipment

 

27,913

 

 

5,452

 

(1,843

)

 

31,522

 

Vehicles

 

144,267

 

(95,792

)

334,019

 

(9,279

)

 

373,215

 

Equipment and computer software

 

80,132

 

(31,486

)

77,461

 

(7,938

)

 

118,169

 

Fixtures and fittings

 

68,137

 

 

145,044

 

(9,010

)

 

204,171

 

Machinery and equipment

 

386,899

 

(10,678

)

408,975

 

(38,368

)

 

746,828

 

Land and buildings

 

174,979

 

 

283,706

 

(21,947

)

391,371

 

828,109

 

Total

 

882,327

 

(137,956

)

1,254,657

 

(88,385

)

391,371

 

2,302,014

 

 

6. Gross carrying amount as of December 31, 2016 is as follows:

 

 

 

Gross Carrying Amount

 

Class

 

As of the
Beginning of
Year

 

Additions

 

Additions
for PPA

 

Disposals

 

Foreign
Currency
Translation

 

As of the
End of Year

 

Office equipment

 

5,830

 

4,811

 

234,221

 

 

(9,561

)

235,301

 

Vehicles

 

160,895

 

225,459

 

1,878,400

 

(49,179

)

(78,752

)

2,136,823

 

Equipment and computer software

 

14,283

 

13,945

 

450,785

 

 

(18,495

)

460,518

 

Fixtures and fittings

 

1,608

 

118,638

 

4,848,110

 

 

(198,280

)

4,770,076

 

Machinery and equipment

 

310,504

 

35,170

 

9,533,037

 

 

(385,859

)

9,492,852

 

Land and buildings

 

 

210,038

 

30,792,604

 

 

(1,242,809

)

29,759,833

 

Buildings in progress

 

 

 

430,837

 

 

(10,152

)

420,685

 

Total

 

493,120

 

608,061

 

48,167,994

 

(49,179

)

(1,943,908

)

47,276,088

 

 

7. Accumulated depreciation as of December 31, 2016 is as follows:

 

 

 

Depreciation

 

Class

 

Accumulated
as of
Beginning of
Year

 

Disposals

 

Of the Year

 

Foreign
Currency
Translation

 

Accumulated
as of the End
of Year

 

Office equipment

 

3,555

 

 

18,901

 

5,457

 

27,913

 

Vehicles

 

119,177

 

(49,179

)

75,633

 

(1,364

)

144,267

 

Equipment and computer software

 

14,283

 

 

59,548

 

6,301

 

80,132

 

Fixtures and fittings

 

1,126

 

 

153,424

 

(86,413

)

68,137

 

Machinery and equipment

 

132,669

 

 

134,648

 

119,582

 

386,899

 

Land and buildings

 

 

 

142,139

 

32,840

 

174,979

 

Total

 

270,810

 

(49,179

)

584,293

 

76,403

 

882,327

 

 

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The depreciation charge is included in Notes 7.3 and 7.4.

 

The Group has no commitments to purchase property, plant and equipment items.

 

A detail of restricted assets is provided in Note 18.

 

Revaluation of Property, Plant and Equipment

 

At a minimum, the Group updates their assessment of the fair value of its land and buildings at the end of each reporting year (after the revaluation policy was adopted), taking into account the most recent independent valuations and market data. Valuations were performed at June 30, 2018. Management determined the property, plant and equipment’s value within a range of reasonable fair value estimates.

 

All resulting fair value estimates for properties are included in level 3.

 

The following are the carrying amounts that would have been recognized had the assets been carried under the cost model.

 

Class of Property

 

Value at Cost

 

At June 30, 2018

 

 

 

Land and buildings

 

18,244,100

 

 

6.7             Intangible assets

 

Intangible assets as of June 30, 2018, June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 included the following:

 

 

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

Gross carrying amount

 

29,155,315

 

43,903,217

 

42,890,018

 

Accumulated amortization

 

(2,497,970

)

(1,844,326

)

(521,692

)

Net carrying amount

 

26,657,345

 

42,058,891

 

42,368,326

 

 

Seed and Integrated Products

 

The Group’s seed and integrated product activities concentrate primarily on the development and commercialization of seeds and technologies and products that increase yield per hectare, with a focus on providing seed and integrated crop protection and crop nutrition technologies designed to control weeds, insects or diseases, enhance quality traits of the seeds produced and improve nutritional value and other benefits. The Group has sought to develop integrated products that combine three distinct and complementary components, seed traits, germplasms and seed treatments in order to deliver a superior agronomic experience to customers.

 

The Group’s technologies which are capitalized based on an advanced stage of development (phase 4 or higher), are set forth in the table below:

 

 

 

Technologies

 

 

 

 

 

Crop

 

Germplasm

 

Protection

 

Yield

 

Quality

 

R&D Phase

 

Entity

 

Soybean

 

MG III-VIII(1)

 

GT(2)

 

HB4

 

 

Advanced Develop.

 

Bioceres INC

 

Wheat

 

Spring/Winter

 

GluT(2)

 

HB4

 

 

Advanced Develop.

 

Trigall Genetics(3) (Note 11)

 

 


Notes:—

 

(1)               Soybean germplasms are categorized by maturity groups (MG) from III to VIII. Non dormant germplasms are alfalfa elite breeding materials without winter dormancy. A. cruentus germplasms are amaranth varieties of the A. cruentus species.

 

(2)               GT means glyphosate tolerance. GluT means glufosinate tolerance. Genuity is the glyphosate tolerance technology developed by Monsanto and Forage Genetics International for alfalfa. ALS means ALS-inhibitor herbicide tolerance.

 

(3)               Included in Trigall’s financial statements. Reflected in the Combined financial statements through the equity method investment.

 

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The soybean HB4 technology was approved by the Argentine Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Fishing on October 6, 2015, under Resolution N° 397/15.

 

In the case of HB4 wheat, although favorable opinions have already been obtained from both CONABIA and of SENASA, is awaiting the decision of the National Directorate of Agricultural Markets, that analyzes the commercial impact of being the first country in the world to release a wheat of these characteristics.

 

The U.S. FDA completed its full review of the safety evaluation for HB4 soybeans, clearing it for use in human food and animal food (pending USDA approval) on August 10, 2017.

 

Interaction with the regulatory authorities of China continues because the commercialization of the product in Argentina is subject to approval in that country. Specifically, in May of this year, all additional consultations made by the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of China (MOA) were answered. Interaction with the regulatory authorities of the United States was also important with the objective of obtaining approval for its cultivation.

 

Crop Nutrition

 

The Group’s crop nutrition activities include the development of and investment in microbiological products that have been incorporated as part of the integration of Rizobacter into the Group, including the following microbiological assets incorporated as intangible assets measured at fair value:

 

·                        TOP Technologies : The TOP Osmo Protection Technology promotes high metabolic and physiological performance of bacteria and ensures bacterial survival and concentration in seeds and packages, reducing the impact of fungicides and insecticides on bacteria and substantially improving inoculants performance and their incidence in crop yields.

 

·                        Signum Technologies : Signum bio-inductor generates molecular signals which early activate bacterial and plant metabolic processes, thus maximizing the development of leguminous plants. Furthermore, it stimulates the interrelation with different soil beneficial microorganisms that provide additional advantages to inoculation, activates mechanisms of resistance to abiotic stress factors (low temperatures, droughts and soil acidity), and induces defensive responses in the interaction with harmful microorganisms.

 

·                        LLI Technologies : This technology marks a turning point in inoculation. The time of disposal to maintain living bacteria on seeds, a prerequisite for an effective nodulation. Ready-to-use (RTU) seed allows to reduce costs, simplify the sowing operation, minimize the risks normally associated with on farm treatments, and achieve the precise positioning of bacteria through the inoculant. This treatment provides for a higher number of healthier plants with outstanding root development to reach the soybean crop’s full yield potential.

 

Other Intangible Assets

 

Other intangible assets identified in the business combination with Rizobacter:

 

·                        Product registration: In accordance with regulations set by certain regulatory agencies such as the National Agri-Food Safety and Quality Service (SENASA), Rizobacter has been required to register

 

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products with regulatory authorities to be able to sell them both in the domestic and international markets (jointly referred to as “Product Registration”). Some of the registered products have been developed by third parties.

 

·                        Brand: Rizobacter offers a wide variety of proprietary and third-party products, which are commercialized under the Rizobacter brand name. This intangible has been designated with an indefinite useful life.

 

·                        Customer loyalty: Rizobacter’s sales to distributors of agrochemicals and to special accounts, mainly large retailers and wholesalers, whether inside or outside the Argentine territory are included. They are recognised at their fair value at the date of acquisition and are subsequently amortised on a straight-line based on the timing of projected cash flows of the clients over their estimated useful lives.

 

1. Net carrying amount of each class of intangible assets is as follows:

 

Class

 

Net
Carrying
Amount
06/30/2018

 

Net
Carrying
Amount
06/30/2017

 

Net
Carrying
Amount
12/31/2016

 

Seed and integrated products

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Soybean HB4

 

4,927,853

 

3,111,253

 

1,421,707

 

Crop nutrition

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Microbiology products

 

2,122,484

 

3,491,269

 

3,625,827

 

Other intangible assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Trademarks and patents

 

5,574,682

 

10,402,764

 

11,265,234

 

Software

 

949,310

 

1,392,769

 

799,904

 

Customer loyalty

 

13,083,016

 

23,660,836

 

25,255,654

 

Total

 

26,657,345

 

42,058,891

 

42,368,326

 

 

2. Gross carrying amount as of June 30, 2018 is as follows:

 

 

 

Gross Carrying Amount

 

Class

 

as of the
Beginning of
Year

 

Additions

 

Disposals

 

Foreign
Currency
Translation

 

As of the End
of Year

 

Seed and integrated products

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Soybean HB4

 

3,111,253

 

1,816,600

 

 

 

4,927,853

 

Crop nutrition

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Microbiology products

 

3,782,238

 

484,825

 

 

(1,761,199

)

2,505,864

 

Other intangible assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Trademarks and patents

 

10,906,317

 

 

 

(4,627,611

)

6,278,706

 

Software

 

1,787,925

 

614,529

 

 

(957,851

)

1,444,603

 

Customer loyalty

 

24,315,484

 

 

 

(10,317,195

)

13,998,289

 

Total

 

43,903,217

 

2,915,954

 

 

(17,663,856

)

29,155,315

 

 

3. Accumulated amortization as of June 30, 2018 is as follows:

 

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Table of Contents

 

 

 

Amortization

 

Class

 

Accumulated
as of
Beginning of
Year

 

Disposals

 

Of the Year

 

Foreign
Currency
Translation

 

Accumulated
as of the End
of Year

 

Crop nutrition

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Microbiology products

 

290,969

 

 

321,887

 

(229,476

)

383,380

 

Other intangible assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Trademarks and patents

 

503,553

 

 

617,478

 

(417,007

)

704,024

 

Software

 

395,156

 

 

399,311

 

(299,174

)

495,293

 

Customer loyalty

 

654,648

 

 

802,800

 

(542,175

)

915,273

 

Total

 

1,844,326

 

 

2,141,476

 

(1,487,832

)

2,497,970

 

 

4. Gross carrying amount as of June 30, 2017 is as follows:

 

 

 

Gross Carrying Amount

 

Class

 

As of the
Beginning of
Period

 

Additions

 

Disposals

 

Foreign
Currency
Translation

 

As of the
End of
Period

 

Seed and integrated products

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Soybean HB4

 

1,421,707

 

1,689,546

 

 

 

3,111,253

 

Crop nutrition

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Microbiology products

 

3,755,094

 

194,743

 

 

(167,599

)

3,782,238

 

Other intangible assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Trademarks and patents

 

11,415,829

 

 

 

(509,512

)

10,906,317

 

Software

 

845,954

 

979,728

 

 

(37,757

)

1,787,925

 

Customer loyalty

 

25,451,434

 

 

 

(1,135,950

)

24,315,484

 

Total

 

42,890,018

 

2,864,017

 

 

(1,850,818

)

43,903,217

 

 

5. Accumulated amortization as of June 30, 2017 is as follows:

 

 

 

Amortization

 

Class

 

Accumulated
as of
Beginning of
Period

 

Disposals

 

Of the
Period

 

Foreign
Currency
Translation

 

Accumulated
as of the End
of Period

 

Crop nutrition

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Microbiology products

 

129,267

 

 

176,523

 

(14,821

)

290,969

 

Other intangible assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Trademarks and patents

 

150,595

 

 

379,115

 

(26,157

)

503,553

 

Software

 

46,050

 

 

370,018

 

(20,912

)

395,156

 

Customer loyalty

 

195,780

 

 

492,873

 

(34,005

)

654,648

 

Total

 

521,692

 

 

1,418,529

 

(95,895

)

1,844,326

 

 

6. Gross carrying amount as of December 31, 2016 is as follows:

 

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Gross carrying amount

 

Class

 

As of the
Beginning
of Year

 

Additions

 

Additions
for PPA

 

Disposals

 

Foreign
Currency
Translation

 

As of the
End of
Year

 

Seed and integrated products

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Soybean HB4

 

1,421,707

 

 

 

 

 

1,421,707

 

Crop nutrition

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Microbiology products

 

 

175,527

 

3,733,981

 

 

(154,414

)

3,755,094

 

Other intangible assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Trademarks and patents

 

 

 

11,896,495

 

 

(480,666

)

11,415,829

 

Software

 

9,368

 

420,254

 

442,607

 

 

(26,275

)

845,954

 

Customer loyalty

 

 

 

26,523,073

 

 

(1,071,639

)

25,451,434

 

Total

 

1,431,075

 

595,781

 

42,596,156

 

 

(1,732,994

)

42,890,018

 

 

7. Accumulated amortization as December 31, 2016 is as follows:

 

 

 

Amortization

 

Class

 

Accumulated
as of
Beginning of
Year

 

Disposals

 

Of the Year

 

Foreign
Currency
Translation

 

Accumulated
as of the End
of Year

 

Crop nutrition

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Microbiology products

 

 

 

21,316

 

107,951

 

129,267

 

Other intangible assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Trademarks and patents

 

 

 

153,698

 

(3,103

)

150,595

 

Software

 

6,105

 

 

49,348

 

(9,403

)

46,050

 

Customer loyalty

 

 

 

199,817

 

(4,037

)

195,780

 

Total

 

6,105

 

 

424,179

 

91,408

 

521,692

 

 

The depreciation charge is included in Notes 7.3 and 7.4.

 

There are no intangible assets whose use has been restricted or which have been delivered as a guarantee. The Group has not assumed any commitments to acquire new intangibles.

 

Estimates

 

There is an inherent material uncertainty related to Management’s estimation of the ability of the Group to recover the carrying amounts of internally generated intangible assets related to biotechnology projects because it is dependent upon Group’s ability to raise sufficient funds to complete the projects development, the future outcome of the regulatory process, and the timing and amount of the future cash flows generated by the projects, among other future events.

 

Management’s estimations about the demonstrability of the recognition criteria for these assets and the subsequent recoverability represent the best estimate that can be made based on all the available evidence, existing facts and circumstances and using reasonable and supportable assumptions in cash flow projections. Therefore, the Combined financial statements do not include any adjustments that would result if the Group were unable to recover the carrying amount of the above-mentioned assets through the generation of enough future economic benefits.

 

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6.8             Goodwill

 

The Group is required to test whether goodwill has suffered any impairment on an annual basis. The recoverable amount is determined based on value in use calculations. The use of this method requires the estimation of future cash flows and the determination of a discount rate in order to calculate the present value of the cash flows.

 

After the business combinations that occurred in 2016, goodwill has been generated for Rizobacter CGU. This CGU is composed of all revenues collected through Rizobacter from the production and sale of proprietary and third-party products, both in the domestic and international markets, except for Synertech and Semya operations. Additionally, Rizobacter generates revenue from the formulation, fragmentation and resale of third party products.

 

Among the main groups of products are i) microbiological products (bio-inductors/inoculants, biological fertilizers and bio-controllers); ii) crop and seed protection (treatments, adjuvants, baits, stored grains and seed treatment); and iii) crop nutrition (fertilizers). Packs are generally a combination of a microbiological product (bio-inductors/inoculants) with a crop and seed protection product (treatments).

 

The variations in goodwill occurred during the years/period combined correspond to translation differences. There have been no goodwill impairment indicators.

 

Carrying amount of goodwill as of June 30, 2018, June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 is as follows:

 

 

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

Rizobacter

 

14,438,027

 

25,079,324

 

26,250,959

 

Total

 

14,438,027

 

25,079,324

 

26,250,959

 

 

The Rizobacter brand intangible with an indefinite useful life has been allocated to the Rizobacter CGU.

 

Management has made the estimates considering the cash flow projections projected by the management of Rizobacter and third-party valuation reports on the assets, intangible assets and liabilities assumed.

 

The key assumptions utilized are the following:

 

Key Assumption

 

Management’s Approach

Discount rate

 

The discount rate used ranges was 15%.

 

 

The weighted average cost of capital (“WACC”) rate has been estimated based on the market capital structure. For the cost of debt, the indebtedness cost of the CGU was taken.

 

 

For the cost of equity, the discount rate is estimated based on the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM).

 

 

The value assigned is consistent with external sources of information.

Budgeted market share of joint ventures and other customers

 

The projected revenue from the products and services of the CGU has been estimated by Rizobacter’s management based on market penetration data for comparable products and technologies and on future expectations of foreseen economic and market conditions.

 

 

The value assigned is consistent with external sources of information.

 

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Key Assumption

 

Management’s Approach

Budgeted product prices

 

The prices estimated in the revenue projections are based on current and projected market prices for the products and services of the CGU.

 

 

The value assigned is consistent with external sources of information.

Growth rate used to extrapolate future cash flow projections to terminal period

 

The growth rate used to extrapolate the future cash flow projections to terminal period is 2%.

 

 

The value assigned is consistent with external sources of information.

 

Management believes that any reasonably possible change in any of these key assumptions would not cause the aggregate carrying amount of the CGU to exceed its recoverable amount.

 

6.9             Trade and other payables

 

 

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

Trade creditors

 

22,222,872

 

19,779,461

 

32,388,807

 

Shareholders and other related parties (Note 15)

 

365,994

 

633,700

 

1,694,909

 

Trade creditors — Parent company (Note 15)

 

 

218,744

 

154,966

 

Trade creditors — Joint ventures (Note 15)

 

3,493,113

 

1,649,367

 

 

 

Taxes

 

35,391

 

372,990

 

1,640,107

 

Miscellaneous

 

1,591,460

 

140,454

 

127,728

 

 

 

27,708,830

 

22,794,716

 

36,006,517

 

 

6.10      Borrowings

 

 

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

Current

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Bank overdraft

 

532,912

 

46,511

 

1,353,631

 

Bank borrowings

 

44,061,555

 

18,594,823

 

30,198,035

 

Corporate bonds

 

3,262,924

 

4,644,621

 

4,627,296

 

BAF Loans

 

5,112,222

 

 

 

Discount checks

 

10,243,204

 

9,638,789

 

9,888,196

 

Other loans — Parent Company (Note 15)

 

1,816,084

 

646,538

 

6,610,739

 

Finance lease

 

280,027

 

466,689

 

457,613

 

 

 

65,308,928

 

34,037,971

 

53,135,510

 

Non-current

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Bank borrowings

 

25,253,940

 

36,383,297

 

4,453,711

 

Corporate bonds

 

 

3,889,874

 

6,273,911

 

Finance lease

 

454,265

 

678,993

 

824,354

 

 

 

25,708,205

 

40,952,164

 

11,551,976

 

 

Further information about finance leases is in Note 14.1.

 

The carrying value of some borrowings as of June 30, 2018 measured at amortized cost differ from their fair value. The following fair values measured are based on discounted cash flows (Level 3) due to the use of unobservable inputs, including own credit risk.

 

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06/30/2018

 

 

 

Amortized Cost

 

Fair Value

 

Current

 

 

 

 

 

Bank borrowings

 

44,061,555

 

42,633,227

 

Corporate bonds

 

3,262,924

 

3,126,570

 

Discount checks

 

10,243,204

 

9,209,508

 

Non-current

 

 

 

 

 

Bank borrowings

 

25,253,940

 

20,610,018

 

 

Corporate Bonds (CB) — Rizobacter Debt

 

(a)               Issuance of corporate bonds (Principal Market)

 

With the goal of consolidating its financial situation and obtaining funds for investments and working capital, on March 31, 2015 the Shareholders’ Meeting of Rizobacter approved the establishment of a global program of corporate bonds (“CB”) in the Argentine principal market (“the Program”) for the issue of one or more series of simple CB through public offering, for their future listing on stock exchanges and other markets, up to a revolving outstanding amount of USD 40,000,000 or the equivalent in other currencies, or a lower amount to be determined by the Board of Directors, with a maximum term of five years.

 

Series I : On August 13, 2015, CNV approved the Program and the issue of Series I of the Negotiable Obligations for USD 10,000,000 (increasable to a maximum of USD 17,000,000 or the equivalent in Argentine pesos), through Resolution N° 17737, according to the main terms and conditions summarized in the Prospectus Supplement dated August 13, 2015, which Prospectus Supplement was published in the Daily Gazette of the Buenos Aires Stock Exchange and the Rosario Stock Exchange on the same date.

 

Series I (USD)

 

Amount of the Issue : USD 7,786,327

 

Date of Issue and Subscription : August 31, 2015

 

Applicable rate : 6% annual nominal rate

 

Maturity : August 31, 2018

 

Initial Exchange rate : ARS 9.28/USD

 

Amortization : The principal will be amortized in five semiannual instalments as from the twelfth month following the Date of Issue. The first four instalments will be identical, each representing 17.50% of the principal amount issued, and the last instalment will be equal to 30% of the principal amount issued.

 

Date of Payment of Services : Interest will be paid on a quarterly basis at a fixed annual nominal rate of 6%. If any service payment date is not a business day, payment will be made on the immediately subsequent business day without any interest accruing on this payment in respect of the days that elapse from the date of payment to the actual payment date.

 

As of June 30, 2018, the principal due under Series I (Class USD) reached USD 2,355,898.

 

Series I (Class I — Pesos)

 

Amount of the Issue : ARS 84,115,789 (equivalent to USD 5,592,805)

 

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Date of Issue and Subscription : August 31, 2015

 

Applicable rate (initial) : 26.50% annual nominal rate

 

Maturity : August 31, 2018

 

Amortization : The principal will be amortized in 5 half-yearly instalments as from the twelfth month following the Date of Issue. The first four instalments will be identical, each representing 17.50% of the principal amount issued, and the last will be equivalent to 30% of the principal amount issued.

 

Date of Payment of Services : Interest will be paid on a quarterly basis at a mixed annual nominal rate as follows: (a) from the Date of Issue up to an including the expiry of the ninth (9) month, interest will accrue at the Fixed Rate for NOs Series I Class I Pesos, and (b) from the start of the tenth (10) month up to the Maturity Date, interest will accrue at a Variable Rate equal to the Reference Rate plus a Differential Rate of 550 (five hundred and fifty) points. The Fixed Rate for NOs Series I Class I Pesos cannot exceed 35%. The Variable Rate for CB Series I Class I Pesos cannot be lower than an annual nominal 16% rate or exceed a 32% annual nominal rate. On June 15, 2015 the National Insurance Superintendency (“SSN”) issued Communication No. 4568 establishing that CB Series I Class I Pesos constitute productive investments under the framework of paragraph k) of item 35.8.1 of the General Regulation Governing Insurance Activities (Resolution SSN No. 21.523/1992).

 

Series I (Class II — Pesos)

 

Amount of the Issue : ARS 1,377,882 (equivalent to USD 91,614)

 

Date of Issue and Subscription : August 31, 2015

 

Applicable rate (initial) : 27% annual nominal rate

 

Maturity : August 31, 2018

 

Amortization : The principal will be amortized in five semiannual instalments as from the twelfth month following the Date of Issue. The first four instalments will be identical, each representing 17.50% of the principal amount issued, and the last instalment will be equivalent to 30% of the principal amount issued.

 

Date of Payment of Services : Interest will be paid on a quarterly basis at a mixed annual nominal rate as follows: (a) from the Date of Issue up to an including the expiry of the ninth (9) month, interest will accrue at the Fixed Rate for CB Series I Class II Pesos, and (b) from the start of the tenth (10) month up to the Maturity Date, interest will accrue at a Variable Rate equal to the Reference Rate plus a Differential Rate of 550 (five hundred and fifty) points.

 

In compliance with the law governing Negotiable Obligations, the net funds obtained from the issue of each Series and/or Class of Negotiable Obligations will be used by the Company for one or more of the following purposes: (i) as working capital (provided that the funds obtained for any such purposes must be subscribed in the country); (ii) to refinance liabilities; (iii) to fund investments in tangible assets located in the country; and/or (iv) for the subscription of capital contributions in controlled or related companies of the Company (the proceeds from the subscription will be applied exclusively to the destinations specified in article 36 of the Law governing Negotiable Obligations).

 

On August 31, 2018 the fifth payment of services on the principal, and the twelfth interest payment were made corresponding to the Negotiable Obligations from Series I Class I Pesos, Series I Class II Pesos, and Series I Class USD.

 

After these payments there are no more outstanding Corporate bonds.

 

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(b)               Syndicated loan

 

With the objective of financing working capital and improving its capital structure, Rizobacter consummated a USD 45 million syndicated loan with Banco de Galicia y Buenos Aires S.A. as administrator, together with Banco Santander Río S.A., Banco BBVA Francés S.A., Banco Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Banco Provincia de Córdoba S.A., Banco Hipotecario S.A. and Banco Mariva S.A. acting as lenders. This loan was funded in two disbursements, the first of which was made on March 15, 2017 for the amount of USD 22,000,000, and the second of which was made on April 25, 2017 for the amount of USD 23,000,000.

 

Amount : USD 45,000,000

 

Amortization : The principal will be amortized in 13 quarterly instalments as from the twelfth month following the date of Issue.

 

Applicable rate : 6.50%

 

Collaterals : Cash and short-term bank deposits collaterals and Bioceres guarantees.

 

Covenants : Under the terms of the syndicated loan, Rizobacter is required to comply with the following financial covenants:

 

1.   Restrictions on assets dispositions

 

2.   Restrictions on the payment of dividends

 

3.   Restriction on loans to related parties, including Joint Ventures (USD 5 million per entity)

 

4.   Maintenance the following ratios:

 

a)                   Net Debt to EBITDA ratio must be less than 3x,

 

b)                   EBITDA to interest ratio must be more than (i) 1.2x for 2017, (ii) 1.5x for 2018 and (iii) 2x for the years 2019 and 2020, and

 

c)                    Liabilities to assets ratio less than (i) 0.85x for 2017, (ii) 0.825 for 2018 and (iii) 0.8 for 2019 and 2020.

 

As of June 30, 2018, Rizobacter did not comply with ratios (a) and (c) of point 4 mentioned above. However, Rizobacter got waivers from the majority of the banks (major than 50%). The terms of the debts established that if Rizobacter gets consents for more than 50% of the lenders, the debt is not considered in default.

 

Covenant compliance is required to be measured annually.

 

On September 15, 2018, the company paid the third instalments of the loan.

 

6.11      Employee benefits and social security

 

 

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

Salaries and social security

 

3,146,583

 

1,871,710

 

2,977,814

 

Staff incentives and vacations

 

1,265,130

 

3,175,335

 

638,664

 

 

 

4,411,713

 

5,047,045

 

3,616,478

 

 

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6.12      Deferred revenue and advances from customers

 

 

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

Advances from customers

 

1,007,301

 

1,197,080

 

878,874

 

 

 

1,007,301

 

1,197,080

 

878,874

 

 

6.13      Government grants

 

 

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

12/31/2015

 

At of the beginning of the year/period

 

118,545

 

155,919

 

152,792

 

205,177

 

Received during the year/period

 

103,382

 

64,106

 

144,902

 

53,311

 

Currency conversion difference

 

(137,114

)

(69,539

)

 

 

Released to the statement of profit or loss

 

(51,586

)

(31,941

)

(141,775

)

(105,696

)

At the end of year/period

 

33,227

 

118,545

 

155,919

 

152,792

 

 

 

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

Current

 

17,695

 

60,829

 

63,671

 

Non-current

 

15,532

 

57,716

 

92,248

 

Total

 

33,227

 

118,545

 

155,919

 

 

The Group receives government grants to fund research and development projects, some of which are related to the acquisition of property, plant and equipment while others are related to payment for certain expenses like salaries or inputs. Grants are generally implemented through direct payments to the supplier, delivery of cash or loans at subsidized rates.

 

There are neither unfulfilled conditions nor other contingencies attaching to government grants or government assistance.

 

6.14      Provisions

 

 

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

Provisions for contingencies

 

845,486

 

1,415,290

 

1,909,530

 

 

 

845,486

 

1,415,290

 

1,909,530

 

 

The Group has recorded a provision for probable administrative, judicial and out-of-court proceedings that could arise in the ordinary course of business, based on a prudent criterion according to its professional advisors and on Management’s assessment of the best estimate of the amount of possible claims. These potential claims are not likely to have a material impact on the results of the Group’s operations, its cash flow or financial position.

 

Management considers that the objective evidence is not enough to determine the date of the eventual cash outflow due to a lack of experience in any similar cases. However, the provision was classified under current or non-current liabilities, applying the best prudent criterion based on Management’s estimates.

 

There are no expected reimbursements related to the provisions.

 

The roll forward of the provision is in Note 6.17.

 

In order to assess the need for provisions and disclosures in its Combined financial statements, Management considers the following factors: (i) nature of the claim and potential level of damages in the jurisdiction in which the claim has been brought; (ii) the progress of the eventual case; (iii) the opinions or views of tax and legal

 

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advisers; (iv) experience in similar cases; and (v) any decision of the Group’s management as to how it will respond to the eventual claim.

 

6.15      Puttable instruments

 

 

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

Non-current

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Puttable preferred shares

 

 

2,500,000

 

2,500,000

 

 

 

 

2,500,000

 

2,500,000

 

 

Bioceres Inc. granted EQC a Put Option, giving EQC a right to sell its holdings in the preferred shares of RASA Holding that EQC acquires in the event of a mandatory conversion of its holdings of such preferred shares into ordinary shares of RASA Holding in 5 years’ time, or in the case of a public offering by RASA Holding or Rizobacter. The price of the Put Option is the nominal value of the preferred shares of RASA Holding or USD 10 nominal value.

 

In accordance with the participation rights of RASA Holding, the holders of Preferred Shares had the right to subscribe for common shares of Bioceres S.A. according to his position at the time of the financing event added to the accumulated dividends. At the date of the financing event that occurred on February 9, 2018, there were 1,409,848 Preferred Shares held by third parties, that accumulated an annual dividend of payment in kind of 12% and an additional dividend (which allowed them to acquire the same amount of shares that they would otherwise acquire at a price of subscription of USD 7.91 for each USD 10 value of each Preferred Share). It is so, that, on 9 February 2018, the holders of Preferred Shares had the right to subscribe up to 2,010,170 shares of Bioceres S.A.

 

Thus, on June 11, 2018, occurred the implementation of a second stretch of the capital increase in Bioceres S.A. approved and ratified by the Shareholder’s Assemblies held on December 17, 2014 and December 15, 2016. The 2,010,170 shares (including 421,180 shares for the conversion of the puttable RASA Holding preferred shares plus their accrued dividends) issued by Bioceres S.A. were delivered to the holders of Preferred Shares Series A RASA Holding.

 

The remeasurement of the liability for Puttable preferred shares as of June 11, 2018 generated a loss of USD 831,534 (Note 7.6).

 

6.16      Financed payment — Acquisition of business

 

 

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

Current

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Purchase option

 

14,605,469

 

 

 

Financed payment to sellers

 

5,618,121

 

6,219,980

 

3,177,807

 

 

 

20,223,590

 

6,219,980

 

3,177,807

 

Non-current

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Financed payment to sellers

 

2,651,019

 

7,656,611

 

10,018,596

 

Purchase option

 

 

13,523,582

 

13,013,073

 

 

 

2,651,019

 

21,180,193

 

23,031,669

 

 

Financing Payment to Sellers

 

The Group entered into an agreement with the selling shareholders of Rizobacter which entitled such selling shareholders to receive deferred payment in five non-interest bearing installments, consisting of a payment of USD 3.6 million to be made 12 months from the transaction date, and the subsequent payments of USD 2.9 million to be paid within 18, 24, 30 and 36 months for a total of USD 15.3 million.

 

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As of the date of issuance of these combined financial statements, the three installments that were due in October 2017, April 2018 and October 2018, have been fully paid for a value of USD 3.5 million, USD 2.9 million and USD 2.9 million, respectively. The funds for this payment was obtained through bank loans.

 

Purchase Option

 

The Group subscribed to an option to purchase a further 9.99% of Rizobacter for a nominal value of USD 14.9 million. Group Bioceres had the right to exercise this option over a term of two years since October 19, 2016. As from the second anniversary, or if Bioceres S.A. and/or its affiliates purchase a portion or all of the equity interests held by certain shareholders, Group Bioceres will have the obligation to purchase the percentage if the Sellers so require it.

 

In October 2018, an addendum to the purchase option was signed with the sellers extending the term of the exercise of the option by Group Bioceres to March 31, 2019. Additionally, this addendum increases the purchase option to 29.99% of Rizobacter. The Group would have to pay USD 49.98 million, of which USD 34.995 million (nominal value of the purchase option for the additional 20% of Rizobacter equity interest) are subject to the successful completion of the business combination planed with Union.

 

The consideration payable will consist in: (i) USD 14,985,000 in cash (“Cash consideration”) and (ii) USD 34,995,000 in UAC shares redeemed in connection with the business combination, if any (“In-Kind Consideration”) provided that any deficiencies in the Cash Consideration will be set off with additional Redeemed Shares and any deficiencies in the In-Kind Consideration will be set off with additional cash.

 

6.17      Changes in allowances and provisions

 

Item

 

06/30/2017

 

Additions

 

Uses and
Reversals

 

Currency
Conversion
Difference

 

06/30/2018

 

DEDUCTED FROM ASSETS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Allowance for impairment of trade debtors

 

(2,873,688

)

(1,362,720

)

76,329

 

947,909

 

(3,212,170

)

Allowance for impairment of related parties

 

(205,960

)

 

27,264

 

155,570

 

(23,126

)

Allowance for obsolescence

 

(707,105

)

(822,135

)

160,331

 

598,167

 

(770,742

)

Total deducted from assets

 

(3,786,753

)

(2,184,855

)

263,924

 

1,701,646

 

(4,006,038

)

INCLUDED IN LIABILITIES

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Provisions for contingencies

 

(1,415,290

)

(84,411

)

38,308

 

615,907

 

(845,486

)

Total included in liabilities

 

(1,415,290

)

(84,411

)

38,308

 

615,907

 

(845,486

)

Total

 

(5,202,043

)

(2,269,266

)

302,232

 

2,317,553

 

(4,851,524

)

 

Item

 

12/31/2016

 

Additions

 

Uses and
Reversals

 

Currency
Conversion
Difference

 

06/30/2017

 

DEDUCTED FROM ASSETS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Allowance for impairment of trade debtors

 

(2,949,214

)

(154,818

)

40,485

 

189,859

 

(2,873,688

)

Allowance for impairment of related parties

 

(8,210

)

(219,559

)

402

 

21,407

 

(205,960

)

Allowance for obsolescence

 

(1,157,997

)

(289,248

)

140,408

 

599,732

 

(707,105

)

Total deducted from assets

 

(4,115,421

)

(663,625

)

181,295

 

810,998

 

(3,786,753

)

INCLUDED IN LIABILITIES

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Provisions for contingencies

 

(1,909,530

)

(10,711

)

259,438

 

245,513

 

(1,415,290

)

Total included in liabilities

 

(1,909,530

)

(10,711

)

259,438

 

245,513

 

(1,415,290

)

Total

 

(6,024,951

)

(674,336

)

440,733

 

1,056,511

 

(5,202,043

)

 

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Table of Contents

 

Item

 

12/31/2015

 

Additions

 

Additions
for Business
Combination

 

Uses and
Reversals

 

Currency
Conversion
Difference

 

12/31/2016

 

DEDUCTED FROM ASSETS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Allowance for impairment of trade debtors

 

(346,515

)

(490,374

)

(2,722,575

)

373,004

 

237,246

 

(2,949,214

)

Allowance for impairment of related parties

 

 

(8,394

)

 

 

184

 

(8,210

)

Allowance for obsolescence

 

(167,989

)

(982,351

)

(418,498

)

 

410,841

 

(1,157,997

)

Total deducted from assets

 

(514,504

)

(1,481,119

)

(3,141,073

)

373,004

 

648,271

 

(4,115,421

)

INCLUDED IN LIABILITIES

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Provisions for contingencies

 

(67,708

)

(293,009

)

(1,372,086

)

 

(176,727

)

(1,909,530

)

Total included in liabilities

 

(67,708

)

(293,009

)

(1,372,086

)

 

(176,727

)

(1,909,530

)

Total

 

(582,212

)

(1,774,128

)

(4,513,159

)

373,004

 

471,544

 

(6,024,951

)

 

7.                    INFORMATION ABOUT COMPONENTS OF COMBINED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

 

7.1             Revenue

 

 

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

12/31/2015

 

Sale of goods

 

132,851,988

 

46,743,539

 

40,600,563

 

4,009,045

 

Rendering of services

 

196,441

 

7,652

 

77,151

 

737,232

 

Royalties

 

442,689

 

102,178

 

349,760

 

354,118

 

 

 

133,491,118

 

46,853,369

 

41,027,474

 

5,100,395

 

 

Transactions of sales of goods and services with joint ventures and with shareholders and other related parties are reported in Note 15.

 

7.2             Cost of sales

 

Item

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

12/31/2015

 

Inventory as of the beginning of the year/period

 

31,338,034

 

32,677,314

 

2,835,909

 

744,173

 

Combined business

 

 

 

40,846,774

 

 

Purchases of the year/period

 

65,825,381

 

25,332,949

 

17,307,320

 

5,674,892

 

Production costs

 

14,002,049

 

5,322,615

 

3,737,400

 

254,086

 

Currency conversion difference

 

(14,704,912

)

(2,381,686

)

(1,451,133

)

 

Subtotal

 

96,460,552

 

60,951,192

 

63,276,270

 

6,673,151

 

Inventory as of the end of the year/period

 

(19,366,001

)

(31,338,034

)

(32,677,314

)

(2,835,909

)

Cost of sales

 

77,094,551

 

29,613,158

 

30,598,956

 

3,837,242

 

 

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7.3             R&D classified by nature

 

Item

 

Research
and
Development
Expenses
06/30/2018

 

Research
and
Development
Expenses
06/30/2017

 

Research
and
Development
Expenses
12/31/2016

 

Research
and
Development
Expenses
12/31/2015

 

Amortization intangible assets

 

943,488

 

435,577

 

 

462

 

Import and export expenses

 

21,640

 

14,165

 

1,398

 

 

Depreciation property, plant and equipment

 

223,515

 

222,446

 

63,558

 

57,236

 

Freight and haulage

 

30

 

73,275

 

136

 

3,250

 

Employee benefits and social securities

 

1,435,028

 

481,326

 

360,760

 

42,454

 

Maintenance

 

86,112

 

42,373

 

47,055

 

 

Energy and fuel

 

78,570

 

49,785

 

22,703

 

 

Supplies and materials

 

844,372

 

107,678

 

107,436

 

122,783

 

Mobility and travel

 

87,628

 

66,865

 

29,822

 

7,359

 

Telephone and communications

 

 

100

 

211

 

833

 

Stock options based incentive

 

30,005

 

25,710

 

43,827

 

3,285

 

Professional fees and outsourced services

 

121,914

 

90,206

 

5,850

 

63,016

 

Office supplies

 

17,932

 

57,564

 

38,159

 

891

 

System expenses

 

8,851

 

1,697

 

 

 

Insurance

 

22,006

 

18,302

 

6,646

 

 

Miscellaneous

 

29,009

 

303,199

 

126,293

 

1,205

 

Total

 

3,950,100

 

1,990,268

 

853,854

 

302,774

 

 

 

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

12/31/2015

 

R&D Capitalized (Note 6.7)

 

2,301,425

 

1,884,289

 

175,527

 

 

R&D profit and loss

 

3,950,100

 

1,990,268

 

853,854

 

302,774

 

Total

 

6,251,525

 

3,874,557

 

1,029,381

 

302,774

 

% of total revenue

 

4.68

%

8.26

%

2.50

%

5.82

%

 

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Table of Contents

 

7.4             Expenses classified by nature and function

 

Item

 

Production
Costs

 

Selling,
General and
Administrative
Expenses

 

Total
06/30/2018

 

Amortization intangible assets

 

 

1,197,988

 

1,197,988

 

Analysis and storage

 

1,225,756

 

225,462

 

1,451,218

 

Commissions and royalties

 

552,906

 

671,180

 

1,224,086

 

Bank expenses and commissions

 

 

51,471

 

51,471

 

Import and export expenses

 

131,558

 

725,479

 

857,037

 

Depreciation property, plant and equipment

 

1,208,699

 

798,667

 

2,007,366

 

Impairment of receivables

 

 

1,259,127

 

1,259,127

 

Freight and haulage

 

664,984

 

2,251,297

 

2,916,281

 

Employee benefits and social securities

 

7,582,440

 

14,265,650

 

21,848,090

 

Maintenance

 

597,497

 

408,960

 

1,006,457

 

Energy and fuel

 

419,716

 

610,376

 

1,030,092

 

Supplies and materials

 

169,674

 

1,577

 

171,251

 

Mobility and travel

 

48,068

 

1,373,119

 

1,421,187

 

Publicity and advertising

 

 

2,239,505

 

2,239,505

 

Contingencies

 

 

84,411

 

84,411

 

Telephone and communications

 

 

630

 

630

 

Professional fees and outsourced services

 

195

 

2,058,787

 

2,058,982

 

Professional fees related parties

 

 

759,149

 

759,149

 

Office supplies

 

17,790

 

549,359

 

567,149

 

Insurance

 

118,610

 

611,129

 

729,739

 

System expenses

 

19,057

 

601,955

 

621,012

 

Obsolescence

 

661,804

 

 

661,804

 

Taxes

 

105,104

 

4,019,515

 

4,124,619

 

Miscellaneous

 

478,191

 

498,895

 

977,086

 

Total

 

14,002,049

 

35,263,688

 

49,265,737

 

 

Item

 

Production
Costs

 

Selling,
General and
Administrative
Expenses

 

Total
06/30/2017

 

Amortization intangible assets

 

 

982,952

 

982,952

 

Analysis and storage

 

20,745

 

46,781

 

67,526

 

Commissions and royalties

 

60,052

 

258,456

 

318,508

 

Bank expenses and commissions

 

 

67,094

 

67,094

 

Import and export expenses

 

76,818

 

(318,951

)

(242,133

)

Depreciation property, plant and equipment

 

384,019

 

648,192

 

1,032,211

 

Impairment of receivables

 

 

333,490

 

333,490

 

Freight and haulage

 

148,362

 

903,544

 

1,051,906

 

Employee benefits and social securities

 

3,554,197

 

6,661,622

 

10,215,819

 

Maintenance

 

426,634

 

297,924

 

724,558

 

Energy and fuel

 

185,379

 

258,704

 

444,083

 

Supplies and materials

 

160,069

 

 

160,069

 

Mobility and travel

 

15,980

 

723,117

 

739,097

 

Publicity and advertising

 

 

1,047,653

 

1,047,653

 

Contingencies

 

 

(248,727

)

(248,727

)

Telephone and communications

 

 

1,387

 

1,387

 

Professional fees and outsourced services

 

20,462

 

888,104

 

908,566

 

Professional fees related parties

 

 

447,723

 

447,723

 

Office supplies

 

2,418

 

466,154

 

468,572

 

Insurance

 

70,320

 

289,887

 

360,207

 

System expenses

 

10,072

 

74,084

 

84,156

 

Obsolescence

 

148,840

 

 

148,840

 

Taxes

 

23,850

 

1,697,783

 

1,721,633

 

Miscellaneous

 

14,398

 

162,625

 

177,023

 

Total

 

5,322,615

 

15,689,598

 

21,012,213

 

 

F- 84


Table of Contents

 

Item

 

Production
Costs

 

Selling,
General and
Administrative
Expenses

 

Total
12/31/2016

 

Amortization intangible assets

 

 

424,179

 

424,179

 

Analysis and storage

 

67,052

 

71,126

 

138,178

 

Commissions and royalties

 

405,923

 

92,943

 

498,866

 

Bank expenses and commissions

 

 

73,991

 

73,991

 

Import and export expenses

 

21,435

 

232,402

 

253,837

 

Depreciation property, plant and equipment

 

240,638

 

280,097

 

520,735

 

Impairment of receivables

 

 

125,764

 

125,764

 

Freight and haulage

 

33,638

 

751,586

 

785,224

 

Employee benefits and social securities

 

1,781,605

 

2,888,707

 

4,670,312

 

Maintenance

 

3,358

 

148,583

 

151,941

 

Energy and fuel

 

87,063

 

126,305

 

213,368

 

Supplies and materials

 

29,885

 

 

29,885

 

Mobility and travel

 

7,540

 

272,191

 

279,731

 

Publicity and advertising

 

 

384,168

 

384,168

 

Contingencies

 

 

293,009

 

293,009

 

Telephone and communications

 

 

4,633

 

4,633

 

Professional fees and outsourced services

 

14,576

 

910,145

 

924,721

 

Professional fees related parties

 

 

183,393

 

183,393

 

Office supplies

 

5,813

 

160,938

 

166,751

 

Insurance

 

 

86,497

 

86,497

 

Obsolescence

 

982,351

 

 

982,351

 

Taxes

 

11,967

 

1,072,358

 

1,084,325

 

Miscellaneous

 

44,556

 

244,106

 

288,662

 

Total

 

3,737,400

 

8,827,121

 

12,564,521

 

 

Item

 

Production
Costs

 

Selling,
General and
Administrative
Expenses

 

Total
12/31/2015

 

Amortization intangible assets

 

 

1,869

 

1,869

 

Analysis and storage

 

 

131,382

 

131,382

 

Commissions and royalties

 

 

24,733

 

24,733

 

Bank expenses and commissions

 

 

67,470

 

67,470

 

Depreciation property, plant and equipment

 

 

14,041

 

14,041

 

Impairment of receivables

 

 

177,705

 

177,705

 

Freight and haulage

 

29,587

 

61,584

 

91,171

 

Employee benefits and social securities

 

 

223,222

 

223,222

 

Maintenance

 

 

553

 

553

 

Supplies and materials

 

44,825

 

1,917

 

46,742

 

Mobility and travel

 

 

92,333

 

92,333

 

Publicity and advertising

 

 

91,492

 

91,492

 

Contingencies

 

 

3,108

 

3,108

 

Telephone and communications

 

 

3,422

 

3,422

 

Professional fees and outsourced services

 

11,685

 

127,518

 

139,203

 

Professional fees related parties

 

 

202,140

 

202,140

 

Office supplies

 

 

5,714

 

5,714

 

Insurance

 

 

4,344

 

4,344

 

Obsolescence

 

167,989

 

 

167,989

 

Taxes

 

 

166,490

 

166,490

 

Total

 

254,086

 

1,401,037

 

1,655,123

 

 

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Table of Contents

 

7.5             Finance income

 

 

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

12/31/2015

 

Exchange differences

 

25,710,957

 

1,186,264

 

 

1,510,601

 

Interest generated by assets

 

909,912

 

303,513

 

65,896

 

58,991

 

Interest generated by assets related parties

 

294,577

 

179,887

 

73,178

 

 

Changes in fair value of financial assets or liabilities

 

67,349

 

92,820

 

17,394

 

 

 

 

26,982,795

 

1,762,484

 

156,468

 

1,569,592

 

 

7.6             Finance costs

 

 

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

12/31/2015

 

Exchange differences

 

(49,540,369

)

(2,463,076

)

(1,254,084

)

 

Interest generated by liabilities related parties

 

(118,266

)

(520,959

)

(1,118,679

)

(517,374

)

Interest

 

(15,815,267

)

(7,422,210

)

(5,011,139

)

(231,211

)

Financial commissions

 

(1,628,075

)

(1,032,366

)

(885,351

)

 

Changes in fair value of financial assets or liabilities

 

(831,534

)

(517,136

)

(136,792

)

(131,184

)

 

 

(67,933,511

)

(11,955,747

)

(8,406,045

)

(879,769

)

 

8.                    INCOME TAX AND MINIMUM PRESUMED INCOME TAX

 

Tax reform in Argentina

 

On December 29, 2017, the Government promulgated Law 27430 — Income Tax. This law has introduced several changes regarding income tax; its key components are as follows:

 

Income tax rate: The income tax rates for Argentine companies will be gradually reduced from 35% to 30% for fiscal periods beginning from January 1, 2018 until December 31, 2019, and 25% for fiscal periods beginning on or after January 1, 2020, inclusive.

 

Tax on dividends: A tax is introduced on dividends or profits distributed, among others, by Argentine companies or permanent establishments with the following considerations: (i) dividends derived from the profits generated during fiscal years beginning on January 1, 2018 and until December 31, 2019 will be subject to a 7% withholding; and (ii) dividends arising from gains obtained for years beginning on or after January 1, 2020, will be subject to a 13% withholding tax.

 

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Table of Contents

 

Dividends arising from benefits obtained up to the year prior to that commenced on or after January 1, 2018 will continue to be subject, for all beneficiaries of the same, to the 35% withholding on the amount that exceeds taxable distributable taxable profits (transition period of the equalization tax).

 

Optional tax revaluation: The regulation establishes that, at the option of the Companies, the tax revaluation of certain assets located in the country and that are affected to the generation of taxable profits may be carried out. The special tax on the amount of the revaluation depends on the nature of the asset, being 8% for buildings that does not have the character of inventories for sale, 15% for the buildings that have the character of inventories for sale, and 10% for the rest of the assets. Once the option for a certain property, plant or equipment is exercised, all other property, plant and equipment in the same category must be revalued. This tax is not deductible from income tax, and tax result that originated through the revaluation is not subject to it.

 

Adjustment of deductions: Acquisitions or investments made in fiscal years beginning on or after January 1, 2018 will be adjusted on the basis of the percentage variations of the Internal Wholesale Price Index (IPIM) provided by the National Institute of Statistics and Census (INDEC), situation that will increase the deductible amortization and its computable cost in case of sale.

 

The balances of income tax and minimum presumed income tax recoverable and payable are as follows:

 

 

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

Current assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income tax

 

2,082,269

 

1,701,382

 

 

 

 

2,082,269

 

1,701,382

 

 

Non-current assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income tax

 

 

95,565

 

646,084

 

Minimum presumed income tax

 

126,653

 

220,000

 

233,296

 

 

 

126,653

 

315,565

 

879,380

 

Liabilities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income tax

 

2,569

 

29,788

 

2,932,777

 

 

 

2,569

 

29,788

 

2,932,777

 

 

The breakdown of items making up deferred tax assets and liabilities as of June 30, 2018, 2017 and December 31, 2016:

 

Deferred Tax Assets

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

Tax Loss Carry Forward

 

3,638,269

 

1,059,746

 

753,359

 

Changes in fair value of financial assets or liabilities

 

35,944

 

96,394

 

87,467

 

Trade receivables

 

462,756

 

829,095

 

804,481

 

Allowances

 

370,930

 

805,375

 

935,415

 

Inventories

 

710,391

 

367,682

 

519,310

 

Intangible assets

 

15,098

 

38,241

 

48,426

 

Contingencies

 

 

13,612

 

 

Government grants

 

9,360

 

41,616

 

54,572

 

Others

 

359,073

 

120,340

 

1,446,474

 

Total deferred tax assets

 

5,601,821

 

3,372,101

 

4,649,504

 

 

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Table of Contents

 

Deferred Tax Liabilities

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

Intangible assets

 

(5,071,808

)

(12,633,408

)

(13,609,901

)

Property, plant and equipment depreciation

 

(8,497,756

)

(12,923,320

)

(12,738,676

)

Borrowings

 

(19,372

)

(39,257

)

(27,482

)

Contingencies

 

(2,709

)

 

 

Others

 

(297

)

(15,942

)

(9,727

)

Total deferred tax liabilities

 

(13,591,942

)

(25,611,927

)

(26,385,786

)

Net deferred tax

 

(7,990,121

)

(22,239,826

)

(21,736,282

)

 

The roll forward of deferred tax assets and liabilities as of June 30, 2018, 2017 and December 31, 2016 are as follows:

 

Deferred Tax Assets

 

Balance
06/30/2017

 

Income Tax
Provision

 

Rate
Change
Adjustment

 

Transfer
from
Deferred
Tax
Liabilities

 

Change to
OCI

 

Conversion
Difference

 

Balance
06/30/2018

 

Tax Loss Carry Forward

 

1,059,746

 

208,646

 

(845,461

)

 

 

3,215,338

 

3,638,269

 

Changes in fair value of financial assets or liabilities

 

96,394

 

(14,763

)

(13,109

)

 

 

(32,578

)

35,944

 

Trade receivables

 

829,095

 

(7,248

)

(76,775

)

 

 

(282,316

)

462,756

 

Allowances

 

805,375

 

(44,968

)

(116,437

)

 

 

(273,040

)

370,930

 

Inventories

 

367,682

 

(825,430

)

(284,156

)

 

 

1,452,295

 

710,391

 

Intangible assets

 

38,241

 

(4,965

)

(6,605

)

 

 

(11,573

)

15,098

 

Contingencies

 

13,612

 

 

 

(13,612

)

 

 

 

Government grants

 

41,616

 

(16,598

)

(5,049

)

 

 

(10,609

)

9,360

 

Others

 

120,340

 

(39,034

)

(57,768

)

(23,952

)

 

359,487

 

359,073

 

Total deferred tax assets

 

3,372,101

 

(744,360

)

(1,405,360

)

(37,564

)

 

4,417,004

 

5,601,821

 

 

 

 

Transfer from

 

Deferred Tax Liabilities

 

Balance
06/30/2017

 

Income Tax
Provision

 

Rate
Change
Adjustment

 

Deferred
Tax Assets

 

Charge to
OCI

 

Conversion
Difference

 

Balance
06/30/2018

 

Intangible assets

 

(12,633,408

)

(490,290

)

(557,149

)

 

 

8,609,039

 

(5,071,808

)

Property, plant and equipment depreciation

 

(12,923,320

)

(59,002

)

(104,104

)

 

(4,507,311

)

9,095,981

 

(8,497,756

)

Borrowings

 

(39,257

)

 

3,229

 

 

 

16,656

 

(19,372

)

Contingencies

 

 

(15,442

)

 

13,612

 

 

(879

)

(2,709

)

Others

 

(15,942

)

(3,411

)

(4,916

)

23,952

 

 

20

 

(297

)

Total deferred tax liabilities

 

(25,611,927

)

(568,145

)

(662,940

)

37,564

 

(4,507,311

)

17,720,817

 

(13,591,942

)

Net deferred tax

 

(22,239,826

)

(1,312,505

)

(2,068,300

)

 

(4,507,311

)

22,137,821

 

(7,990,121

)

 

 

 

Transfer from

 

Deferred Tax Assets

 

Balance
12/31/2016

 

Income Tax
Provision

 

Rate
Change
Adjustment

 

Deferred
Tax
Liabilities

 

Charge to
OCI

 

Conversion
Difference

 

Balance
06/30/2017

 

Tax Loss Carry Forward

 

753,359

 

360,007

 

 

 

 

(53,620

)

1,059,746

 

Changes in fair value of financial assets or liabilities

 

87,467

 

13,216

 

 

 

 

(4,289

)

96,394

 

Trade receivables

 

804,481

 

60,520

 

 

 

 

(35,906

)

829,095

 

Allowances

 

935,415

 

(83,964

)

 

 

 

(46,076

)

805,375

 

Inventories

 

519,310

 

(128,450

)

 

 

 

(23,178

)

367,682

 

Intangible assets

 

48,426

 

(8,577

)

 

 

 

(1,608

)

38,241

 

Contingencies

 

 

14,301

 

 

 

 

(689

)

13,612

 

Government grants

 

54,572

 

(11,218

)

 

 

 

(1,738

)

41,616

 

Others

 

1,446,474

 

10,567

 

 

 

 

(1,336,701

)

120,340

 

Total deferred tax assets

 

4,649,504

 

226,402

 

 

 

 

(1,503,805

)

3,372,101

 

 

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Table of Contents

 

 

 

Transfer from

 

Deferred Tax Liabilities

 

Balance
12/31/2016

 

Income Tax
Provision

 

Rate
Change
Adjustment

 

Deferred
Tax Assets

 

Charge to
OCI

 

Conversion
Difference

 

Balance
06/30/2017

 

Intangible assets

 

(13,609,901

)

369,055

 

 

 

 

607,438

 

(12,633,408

)

Property, plant and equipment depreciation

 

(12,738,676

)

183,397

 

 

 

(936,029

)

567,988

 

(12,923,320

)

Borrowings

 

(27,482

)

(13,002

)

 

 

 

1,227

 

(39,257

)

Contingencies

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Others

 

(9,727

)

(6,648

)

 

 

 

433

 

(15,942

)

Total deferred tax liabilities

 

(26,385,786

)

532,802

 

 

 

(936,029

)

1,177,086

 

(25,611,927

)

Net deferred tax

 

(21,736,282

)

759,204

 

 

 

(936,029

)

(326,719

)

(22,239,826

)

 

Deferred Tax Assets

 

Balance
12/31/2015

 

Income Tax
Provision

 

Rate Change
Adjustment

 

Business
Combination

 

Charge to
OCI

 

Conversion
Difference

 

Balance
12/31/2016

 

Tax Loss Carry Forward

 

258,194

 

520,957

 

 

 

 

(25,792

)

753,359

 

Changes in fair value of financial assets or liabilities

 

61,913

 

28,642

 

 

 

 

(3,088

)

87,467

 

Trade receivables

 

 

 

 

804,481

 

 

 

804,481

 

Allowances

 

119,651

 

(9,559

)

 

656,327

 

 

168,996

 

935,415

 

Inventories

 

(246,720

)

935,283

 

 

(234,278

)

 

65,025

 

519,310

 

Intangible assets

 

78,956

 

(41,366

)

 

12,510

 

 

(1,674

)

48,426

 

Contingencies

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Government grants

 

53,477

 

29,362

 

 

 

 

(28,267

)

54,572

 

Others

 

 

32,468

 

 

1,394,601

 

 

19,405

 

1,446,474

 

Total deferred tax assets

 

325,471

 

1,495,787

 

 

2,633,641

 

 

194,605

 

4,649,504

 

 

Deferred Tax Liabilities

 

Balance
12/31/2015

 

Income Tax
Provision

 

Rate Change
Adjustment

 

Business
Combination

 

Charge to
OCI

 

Conversion
Difference

 

Balance
12/31/2016

 

Intangible assets

 

 

 

 

(13,609,901

)

 

 

(13,609,901

)

Property, plant and equipment depreciation

 

(53,679

)

(18,703

)

 

(12,699,878

)

 

33,584

 

(12,738,676

)

Borrowings

 

 

 

 

(27,482

)

 

 

(27,482

)

Contingencies

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Others

 

 

13,696

 

 

(17,833

)

 

(5,590

)

(9,727

)

Total deferred tax liabilities

 

(53,679

)

(5,007

)

 

(26,355,094

)

 

27,994

 

(26,385,786

)

Net deferred tax

 

271,792

 

1,490,780

 

 

(23,721,453

)

 

222,599

 

(21,736,282

)

 

The following table provides a reconciliation of the statutory tax rate to the effective tax rate. As the operations of the Group’s Argentine subsidiaries are the most significant source of profit or loss before tax, the following reconciliation has been prepared using the Argentine statutory tax rate:

 

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Table of Contents

 

 

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

12/31/2015

 

Loss before income tax rate 35%

 

(21,621,007

)

(11,195,800

)

(8,042,536

)

(503,285

)

Loss before income tax rate 30%

 

(3,618,756

)

 

 

 

Income tax charge by applying tax rate to loss before tax:

 

8,652,979

 

3,918,530

 

2,814,888

 

176,150

 

Share of profit or loss of subsidies, joint ventures and associates

 

(486,864

)

(779,824

)

(977,061

)

(687,913

)

Stock options charge

 

(8,898

)

(8,978

)

(15,339

)

 

Adjustment of the previous year’s income tax provision

 

(19,707

)

31,292

 

18,010

 

(20,951

)

Effect of the change in the applicable tax rate in the Deferred tax

 

3,768,518

 

 

 

 

Allowance for unused tax losses

 

(59,879

)

 

(46,553

)

(146,177

)

Non-deductible expenses and untaxed gains

 

(712,735

)

(343,769

)

66,702

 

(11,835

)

Representation expenses

 

(204,897

)

 

 

 

Income tax

 

10,928,517

 

2,817,251

 

1,860,647

 

(690,726

)

 

Results since July 1, 2017 to December 31, 2017 had a tax applicable rate of 35%, and the results since January 1, 2018 to June 30, 2018 had a tax applicable rate to 30%. Therefore, for the permanent differences disclosed in this Note for the first semester, the rate applicable was 35%, and in the second semester the rate applicable was 30%.

 

The charge for income tax charged directly to profit or loss includes the following:

 

 

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

12/31/2015

 

Current tax expense

 

6,236,393

 

325,149

 

(2,690,622

)

(146,177

)

Deferred tax

 

923,606

 

2,492,102

 

4,551,269

 

(544,549

)

Effect of the change in the applicable tax rate in the Deferred tax

 

3,768,518

 

 

 

 

Total

 

10,928,517

 

2,817,251

 

1,860,647

 

(690,726

)

 

The amount and expiry date of carry forward tax losses as of June 30, 2018 is as follows:

 

Fiscal Year

 

Tax Loss-Carry Forward

 

Tax Loss-Carry Forward

 

Prescription

 

2015

 

136,508

 

34,127

 

2020

 

2016

 

776,173

 

194,043

 

2021

 

2017

 

1,643,802

 

410,951

 

2022

 

2018

 

259,184

 

64,796

 

2022

 

2018

 

8,383,863

 

2,934,352

 

2038

 

Total

 

11,199,530

 

3,638,269

 

 

 

 

The amount of tax losses for the fiscal year ended on June 30, 2018 is an estimate of the amount to be presented in the tax return.

 

The amount and expiry date of unused tax credits of Argentina minimum presumed income tax as of June 30, 2018 is as follows:

 

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Table of Contents

 

Fiscal Year

 

Amount

 

Prescription

 

2009

 

1,662

 

2019

 

2010

 

3,465

 

2020

 

2011

 

6,022

 

2021

 

2012

 

9,248

 

2022

 

2013

 

11,092

 

2023

 

2014

 

19,315

 

2024

 

2015

 

32,446

 

2025

 

2016

 

43,403

 

2026

 

Total

 

126,653

 

 

 

 

Estimates

 

There is an inherent material uncertainty related to Management’s estimation of the ability of the Group to use the deferred tax assets (both carryforward of unused tax losses and deductible temporary differences) and the credit of minimum presumed income tax because their future utilization depends on the generation of enough future taxable income by the entities within the Group during the periods in which those temporary differences are deductible or when the unused tax losses can be used.

 

Based on the projections of future taxable income for the periods in which the deferred tax assets are deductible, the Group’s management estimates that, except for the part of deferred tax asset that were unrecognized, it is probable that the entities within the Group can utilize those deferred tax assets, which depends, among other factors, on the success of the current projects of agricultural biotechnology, the future market price of commodities and the market share of the entities within the Group.

 

The estimates of Management about the demonstrability of the recognition criteria for these deferred tax assets and their subsequent recoverability represent the best estimate that can be made based on all the available evidence, existing facts and circumstances and the use of reasonable and supportable assumptions in the projections of future taxable income. Therefore, the Combined financial statements do not include adjustments that could result if the entities within the Group would not be able to recover the deferred tax assets through the generation of enough future taxable income.

 

9.                    INFORMATION ABOUT COMBINED COMPONENTS OF EQUITY

 

9.1             Parent company investment

 

The Group has recognized the contribution made by Bioceres S.A. into the combined entity as Parent company investment as follows:

 

 

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

12/31/2015

 

Capital contributions

 

1,572,235

 

2,585,580

 

48,083,838

 

632,596

 

Intangible contributed

 

2,105,616

 

2,049,823

 

 

 

Preferred shares contributed/(sold to non-controlling interest)

 

3,331,534

 

(3,277,615

)

 

 

Rizobacter acquisition consideration

 

(5,000,000

)

 

 

 

Contingent payment to Rizobacter sellers

 

 

 

15,569,028

 

 

Financed payment to Rizobacter sellers

 

 

 

(13,182,575

)

 

 

 

2,009,385

 

1,357,788

 

50,470,291

 

632,596

 

 

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9.2             Non-controlling interests

 

The subsidiaries whose non-controlling interest are significant as of June 30, 2018, June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 are:

 

(a)               Rizobacter Argentina

 

 

 

 

 

% of Equity Interest and Votes of the NCI

 

Name

 

Country

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

Rizobacter Argentina S.A.

 

Argentina

 

40

%

40

%

40

%

 

Below is a detail of the summarized financial information of Rizobacter, prepared in accordance with IFRS, and modified due to fair value adjustments at the acquisition date and differences in accounting policies. The information is presented prior to eliminations between that subsidiary and other Group companies.

 

Summary financial statements :

 

 

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

Current assets

 

86,461,071

 

86,202,115

 

90,827,000

 

Non-current assets

 

48,295,110

 

113,906,651

 

120,428,870

 

Total assets

 

134,756,181

 

200,108,766

 

211,255,870

 

Current liabilities

 

88,270,487

 

60,192,036

 

86,958,449

 

Non-current liabilities

 

29,598,319

 

65,604,538

 

38,308,346

 

Total liabilities

 

117,868,806

 

125,796,574

 

125,266,795

 

Equity attributable to controlling interest

 

16,824,251

 

74,266,985

 

85,913,069

 

Equity attributable to non-controlling interest

 

63,124

 

45,207

 

76,006

 

Total equity

 

16,887,375

 

74,312,192

 

85,989,075

 

Total liabilities and equity

 

134,756,181

 

200,108,766

 

211,255,870

 

 

Summary statements of comprehensive income or loss

 

 

 

Year Ended
06/30/2018

 

Six-Month
Period
Ended
06/30/2017

 

Period from
10/19/16 –
12/31/2016

 

Revenues

 

129,798,271

 

44,458,442

 

36,739,496

 

Cost of sales

 

(71,699,144

)

(27,494,324

)

(26,818,086

)

Gross margin

 

58,099,127

 

16,964,118

 

9,921,410

 

Research and development expenses

 

(2,902,235

)

(1,711,089

)

(555,676

)

Selling, general and administrative expenses

 

(31,219,784

)

(14,501,080

)

(6,936,425

)

Share of loss of joint ventures

 

(1,683,949

)

(610,994

)

(161,436

)

Other income

 

524,672

 

53,928

 

 

Operating profit

 

22,817,831

 

194,883

 

2,267,873

 

Financial results

 

(37,989,573

)

(8,619,703

)

(4,014,402

)

Loss before taxes

 

(15,171,742

)

(8,424,820

)

(1,746,529

)

Income tax benefit (expense)

 

3,275,077

 

2,333,310

 

(1,836,968

)

Loss for the year/period

 

(11,896,665

)

(6,091,510

)

(3,583,497

)

Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations

 

(8,266,718

)

202,981

 

(898,790

)

Revaluation of property, plant and equipment, net of tax

 

14,079,875

 

2,032,872

 

 

Total comprehensive loss

 

(6,083,508

)

(3,855,657

)

(4,482,287

)

 

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There were no dividends paid to Rizobacter non-controlling interest (NCI) in the year ended June 30, 2018, in the six-month transition period ended June 30, 2017, and in the year ended December 31, 2016 after the acquisition of Rizobacter.

 

(b)               RASA Holding preferred shares

 

On October 14, 2016, RASA Holding issued 4,830,000 Class A preferred shares, with a par value of USD 10 per share and a subscription price of USD 8.696 per share, in order to raise USD 42 million to finance the cash payment required for the completion of the acquisition of Rizobacter.

 

The Class A preferred shares in RASA Holding accrue an annual “pay in kind” (PIK) dividend coupon of 12% that accumulates as principal over a maturity term of five years, and carry (i) a mandatory participation right in the subscription to ordinary shares of Bioceres S.A. as part of a qualified public offering (i.e., an offering that is consummated for at least USD 50 million net of the proceeds received from the holders of the RASA Holding Class A preferred shares), and to participate in an optional manner in the case of a non-qualified public offering and/or a private capital increase occurring between December 17, 2017 and October 14, 2021; and (ii) a mandatory conversion right for holders of the RASA Holding Class A preferred shares to convert such preferred shares into common shares of RASA Holding after five years or in the case of a public offering made by RASA Holding or of Rizobacter.

 

In addition, this agreement grants liquidity preference rights to the Class A preferred shares, which give the holders a right to a cash option that can be exercised in the following situations: (i) sale or substantial transfer of the assets of RASA Holding or Rizobacter; (ii) mergers or reorganizations in which RASA Holding is involved; (iii) change of control of RASA Holding; or (iv) liquidation or dissolution of RASA Holding.

 

As of June 30, 2017, there were 1,409,848 preferred shares in the possession of third parties outside the Group.

 

Since there was no contractual obligation to pay cash in any situation, the preferences of liquidity are under the control of the Group and the agreement provides for the delivery of a fixed number of own equity instruments for a fixed amount of cash, preferred shares in possession of third parties outside of Group Bioceres are classified as non-controlling interests in the Combined financial statements as of June 30, 2017.

 

After the verification of the financing event that occurred on February 9, 2018 with a capitalization of USD 50.5 million, the holders of RASA Holding’s Preferred Stock, expressed their willingness to exercise the participation rights granted by the Bioceres S.A. on dates October 14, 2016, December 26, 2016 and May 18, 2017.

 

In this way, the holders of Preferred Shares of RASA Holding subscribed new ordinary shares of Bioceres S.A. in exchange for their RASA Holding preferred shares plus the accumulated dividends. At the date of the financing event that occurred on February 9, 2018, there was 1,409,848 Preferred Shares held by third parties, who accumulated an annual dividend payment in kind of 12% and an additional dividend (which allowed them to acquire the same number of shares that they would have otherwise acquired at a subscription price of USD 7.91 for every USD 10 of value of each Preferred Share). This transactions was accounted as an equity contribution for the Combined financial statements.

 

Thus, on June 11, 2018, the holders of Preferred Shares subscribed 2,010,170 of new actions of Bioceres S.A. according to his holding as of February 9, 2018, the date of the financing event.

 

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Table of Contents

 

As of June 30, 2018, all remaining preferred shares were in property of Group Bioceres and would be contributed to BCS Holding in consideration of the business combination with Union.

 

10.             CASH FLOW INFORMATION

 

Significant non-cash transactions related to investing and financing activities are as follows:

 

 

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

12/31/2015

 

Investment activities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Investment in joint ventures

 

679,510

 

1,150,259

 

 

 

 

 

679,510

 

1,150,259

 

 

 

Financing activities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Parent company investment

 

2,009,385

 

1,357,788

 

50,470,291

 

632,596

 

Transfer of preferred stocks

 

9,759,545

 

 

 

 

Issuance of shares

 

 

 

15,850,000

 

 

 

 

11,768,930

 

1,357,788

 

66,320,291

 

632,596

 

 

As of June 30, 2018, and 2017 the investment in joint ventures is due to Synertech and corresponds to capitalization of debt.

 

Disclosure of changes in liabilities arising from financing activities:

 

 

 

Financing Activities

 

 

 

Borrowings

 

Financed
Payment –
Acquisition of
Business

 

Total

 

As of 30 June, 2017

 

74,990,135

 

27,400,173

 

102,390,308

 

Cash income

 

55,899,157

 

 

55,899,157

 

Payments

 

(35,029,932

)

(6,085,936

)

(41,115,868

)

Interest payment

 

(15,064,872

)

 

(15,064,872

)

Financial results

 

10,222,645

 

1,560,372

 

11,783,017

 

As of 30 June, 2018

 

91,017,133

 

22,874,609

 

113,891,742

 

 

11.             JOINT VENTURES

 

Investments in joint ventures and related companies:

 

 

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

Assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Semya S.A.

 

2,972,239

 

5,263,819

 

5,199,568

 

Synertech

 

16,099,816

 

26,844,410

 

27,676,095

 

 

 

19,072,055

 

32,108,229

 

32,875,663

 

Liabilities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Trigall Genetics

 

2,012,298

 

1,527,286

 

1,569,160

 

 

 

2,012,298

 

1,527,286

 

1,569,160

 

 

Changes in joint ventures investments:

 

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Table of Contents

 

 

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

As of the beginning of the year/period

 

30,580,943

 

31,306,503

 

(1,188,483

)

Monetary contributions

 

 

 

 

Non-monetary contributions

 

679,510

 

1,150,259

 

 

Parent company investment

 

121,479

 

82,872

 

162,012

 

Revaluation of property, plant and equipment

 

1,679,818

 

189,025

 

 

Business combinations — Synertech

 

 

 

29,000,000

 

Business combinations — Semya

 

 

 

4,317,619

 

Foreign currency translation

 

(13,865,192

)

(1,498,641

)

(277,603

)

Share of profit or loss

 

(2,136,801

)

(649,075

)

(707,042

)

As of the end of the year/period

 

17,059,757

 

30,580,943

 

31,306,503

 

 

Share of profit or loss of joint ventures:

 

 

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

12/31/2015

 

Trigall (i)

 

(606,491

)

(38,081

)

(545,606

)

(858,158

)

Semya (ii)

 

(55,872

)

(14,140

)

(6,120

)

 

Synertech (iii)

 

(1,474,438

)

(596,854

)

(155,316

)

 

 

 

(2,136,801

)

(649,075

)

(707,042

)

(858,158

)

 

(i)                  Trigall Genetics S.A

 

This joint venture was formed in December 2013 with Florimond Desprez (a company from France with an internationally recognized track record in wheat breeding) through Bioceres Inc. Equity interest is equally shared between both participants.

 

Trigall is a separately structured vehicle incorporated and operating in Uruguay. The primary activity of Trigall is being engaged in the development and deregulation of conventional and GM wheat varieties in Latin America, which is in line with the Group’s core business.

 

This joint arrangement provides for each of the joint venture partners to exclusively license its trait and germplasm technologies to Trigall for use in wheat. The Group granted an exclusive, sub licensable license to Trigall for certain of Group’s technologies, including HB4, for use in wheat.

 

Both the Group and Florimond Desprez have agreed to make loans to Trigall in accordance with each party’s ownership interest in the joint venture to provide it funds needed for its operation and growth.

 

The first products in Trigall’s pipeline are conventional wheat varieties that will be sold through Bioceres Semillas, as well as through other Trigall licensees. The first Group’s GM product is HB4, which is now in the advanced development and deregulation phase. Trigall is currently seeking to add other market channel partners in the region.

 

The contractual arrangement provides the Group with only the rights to the net assets of the joint arrangement. The rights to the assets and obligation for liabilities of the joint arrangement rest primarily with Trigall. Under IFRS 11 this joint arrangement is classified as a joint venture and has been included in the Combined financial statements using the equity method. The shares of Trigall are not quoted.

 

Summarized financial information in relation to the joint venture is presented below:

 

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Company

 

Date

 

Current
Assets

 

Non-Current
Assets

 

Current
Liabilities

 

Non-Current
Liabilities

 

Equity

 

Revenue

 

Profit/Loss

 

Trigall genetics

 

06/30/2018

 

111,014

 

9,793,200

 

849,063

 

8,022,703

 

1,032,448

 

104,037

 

(453,202

)

 

 

06/30/2017

 

71,895

 

7,580,170

 

550,255

 

5,859,121

 

1,242,689

 

21,041

 

(2,347

)

 

 

12/31/2016

 

82,526

 

6,892,810

 

773,017

 

5,277,741

 

924,579

 

 

(274,502

)

 

There are no significant restrictions on the ability of the joint venture to transfer funds to the Group in the form of cash dividends, or to repay loans or advances made by the Group, except for the obligation to establish a legal reserve for 5% of the profit for the year until reaching 20% of the capital.

 

(ii)              Semya

 

This joint venture was launched in 2012 and formed as a separate vehicle in August 2014 with Rizobacter and Bioceres S.A. Equity interest is equally shared between both participants.

 

The primary activity of Semya is being engaged in the development and deregulation of second generation agricultural biological products, in particular, seed treatments tailored for particular soil environments, which is in line with the Group’s core business.

 

The joint venture agreement provides for each party to render the services required to advance a mutually agreed work plan and which each party agrees to fund in proportion to its equity interest.

 

Under the services agreements, both Bioceres S.A. and Rizobacter agree to provide to Semya the licenses required for product development and commercialization, while results obtained in the provision of the services are owned by Semya. Its creates customized seed treatments based on soil conditions on a given agricultural environment and on specific trait-germplasm combinations.

 

The summarized financial information relating to the joint venture is disclosed below:

 

Company

 

Date

 

Current
Assets

 

Non-Current
Assets

 

Current
Liabilities

 

Non-Current
Liabilities

 

Equity

 

Revenue

 

Profit/Loss

 

Semya

 

06/30/2018

 

197

 

666,751

 

723,651

 

 

(56,702

)

 

(391,187

)

 

 

06/30/2017

 

76

 

992,143

 

661,425

 

 

330,794

 

 

(58,193

)

 

 

12/31/2016

 

2,415

 

986,796

 

1,263,286

 

 

274,074

 

 

(392,102

)

 

(iii)          Synertech

 

Synertech has been included in the Group Bioceres after the acquisition of the majority interest in Rizobacter. This joint venture has arisen from the association between Synertech and De Sangosse, which jointly opened a new fertilizer manufacturing plant in Pergamino, Argentina, on June 28, 2017. Both parties’ equity interest is 50%.

 

Construction and start-up of the new plant required an investment of more than USD 30 million, and was conceived for research, production and commercialization of the Microstar PZ® microgranulated fertilizer, its byproducts and other possible developments in the agricultural fertilization area to supply both the domestic and export markets, such as Brazil, Paraguay, Bolivia, Uruguay, Chile, Central America and North America, among others, accompanying the exponential growth of Rizobacter in the world markets with a strong international insertion.

 

The contractual agreement sets forth that the Group only has rights over the net assets under the joint arrangement. The rights over the assets and obligations for the liabilities assumed under the joint arrangement primarily remain with Synertech. Under IFRS 11, this joint arrangement is classified as a joint venture and has

 

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been equity-accounted in the Combined financial statements. Synertech shares are not listed for trading in a public offering.

 

The summarized financial information relating to the joint venture is disclosed below:

 

Company

 

Date

 

Current
Assets

 

Non-Current
Assets

 

Current
Liabilities

 

Non-Current
Liabilities

 

Equity

 

Revenue

 

Profit/Loss

 

Synertech

 

06/30/2018

 

7,221,995

 

9,673,421

 

7,456,076

 

5,882,133

 

3,557,207

 

9,759,001

 

(2,940,009

)

 

 

06/30/2017

 

5,964,181

 

16,929,407

 

6,587,205

 

8,277,661

 

8,028,722

 

1,386,728

 

(2,402,554

)

 

 

12/31/2016

 

3,462,818

 

17,725,922

 

3,770,535

 

9,399,364

 

8,018,841

 

 

(320,609

)

 

There are no significant restrictions on the joint venture’s ability to transfer funds to the Group as cash dividends, or to repay loans or advances made by the Group, except for the obligation to set up a legal reserve for 5% of the profit for the fiscal year until 20% of capital is reached.

 

(iv)           Verdeca LLC

 

This joint venture was formed in February 2012 with Arcadia (an USA based company that develops agricultural biotechnologies) through Bioceres Inc. Equity interest is equally shared between both participants.

 

Verdeca LLC is a separately structured vehicle incorporated and operating in USA. The primary activity of Verdeca is the development and deregulation of soybean traits with second generation technology, which is in line with the Group’s core business.

 

This joint arrangement provides for each of the joint venture partners to license its trait technologies to Verdeca for use in soybeans. The Group will grant an exclusive, worldwide, sub licensable license to Verdeca for its technologies, including HB4, for use in soybeans. Both partners also will grant Verdeca a right of first offer to obtain a license to the intellectual property rights that are owned, licensed to, or acquired by the Group or Arcadia, as applicable, in the future and that are reasonably necessary or useful with respect to soybean traits.

 

The first product in Verdeca pipeline is the Group’s HB4 trait, a drought and salinity tolerance trait that is in the advanced development phase. Verdeca’s pipeline also includes Arcadia’s nutrient use efficiency and water use efficiency technologies, which are combined in a two-trait stack that will be further stacked with HB4. Verdeca has successfully negotiated favorable market access in South America and is growing its partnerships in USA, India and China.

 

The contractual arrangement provides the Group with only the rights to the net assets of the joint arrangement. The rights to the assets and obligation for liabilities of the joint arrangement rest primarily with Verdeca. Under IFRS 11 this joint arrangement is classified as a joint venture and has been included in the Combined financial statements using the equity method. The shares of Verdeca are not quoted.

 

There are no significant restrictions on the ability of the joint venture to transfer funds to the Group in the form of cash dividends, or to repay loans or advances made by the Group.

 

As of June 30, 2018, and until the date of issue of these Combined financial statements, the license had not been formalized, so the partners (Bioceres Inc. and Arcadia) will grant Verdeca an exclusive license for use and commercialization of their HB4 Soybean and other technologies. Therefore, at those dates, Verdeca has not recorded any assets, liabilities or results because it does not have control over those technologies.

 

12.             SEGMENT INFORMATION

 

The Group is organized into four main operating segments:

 

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Seed and integrated products

 

The seed and integrated products segment focuses mainly on the development and commercialization of seed technologies and products that increase yield per hectare, with a focus on the provision of seed technologies and integrated crop protection and crop nutrition products designed to control weeds, insects or diseases, to increase their quality characteristics, to improve nutritional value and other benefits. The segment focuses on the commercialization of integrated products that combine three complementary components biotechnological events, germplasm and seed treatments—in order to increase crop productivity and create value for customers. While each component can increase yield independently, through an integrated technology strategy the segment offers biotechnological events, germplasm and treatments for seeds that complement and integrate with each other to generate higher yields in crops.

 

Currently the segment generates revenue from ordinary activities through the sale of seeds, integrated packs, royalties and licenses charged to third parties, among others.

 

Crop protection

 

The crop protection segment mainly includes the development, production and marketing of adjuvants, insecticides and fungicides. The adjuvants are used in mixtures to facilitate greater efficiency of the products to be applied (such as fertilizers and agrochemicals). Insecticides and fungicides can significantly reduce disease or insect problems during the germination period.

 

The segment currently generates revenue from ordinary activities through the sale of adjuvants, insecticides, fungicides and baits, among others.

 

Crop nutrition

 

The crop nutrition segment focuses mainly on the development, production and commercialization of inoculants that allow the biological fixation of nitrogen in the crops, and of fertilizers including biofertilizers and microgranulated fertilizers that optimize the productivity and yield of the crops.

 

Currently the segment generates income from ordinary activities through the sale of inoculants, bio-inductors, biological fertilizers and microgranulated fertilizers, among others.

 

The measurement principles for the Group’s segment reporting structure are based on the IFRS principles adopted in the Combined financial statements. Revenue generated by products and services exchanged between segments and entities within the Group are calculated on the basis of market prices.

 

The following tables present information with respect to the Group’s reporting segments:

 

Year Ended
June 30, 2018

 

Seed and
Integrated
Products

 

Crop
Protection

 

Crop
Nutrition

 

Combined

 

Revenues

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sale of goods

 

26,111,991

 

77,655,672

 

29,084,325

 

132,851,988

 

Rendering of services

 

196,441

 

 

 

196,441

 

Royalties

 

442,689

 

 

 

442,689

 

Government grants

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Grants

 

51,586

 

 

 

51,586

 

Total revenue

 

26,802,707

 

77,655,672

 

29,084,325

 

133,542,704

 

Cost of sales

 

(13,413,758

)

(49,453,167

)

(14,227,626

)

(77,094,551

)

Gross margin per segment

 

13,388,949

 

28,202,505

 

14,856,699

 

56,448,153

 

%

 

50

%

36

%

51

%

42

%

 

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Six-Month Transition Period Ended
June 30, 2017

 

Seed and
Integrated
Products

 

Crop
Protection

 

Crop
Nutrition

 

Combined

 

Revenues

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sale of goods

 

8,911,341

 

31,191,970

 

6,640,228

 

46,743,539

 

Rendering of services

 

7,652

 

 

 

7,652

 

Royalties

 

102,178

 

 

 

102,178

 

Government grants

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Grants

 

31,941

 

 

 

31,941

 

Total revenue

 

9,053,112

 

31,191,970

 

6,640,228

 

46,885,310

 

Cost of sales

 

(4,886,619

)

(22,641,887

)

(2,084,652

)

(29,613,158

)

Gross margin per segment

 

4,166,493

 

8,550,083

 

4,555,576

 

17,272,152

 

%

 

46

%

27

%

69

%

37

%

 

Year Ended
December 31, 2016

 

Seed and
Integrated
Products

 

Crop
Protection

 

Crop
Nutrition

 

Combined

 

Revenues

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sale of goods

 

13,879,750

 

21,493,419

 

5,227,394

 

40,600,563

 

Rendering of services

 

77,151

 

 

 

77,151

 

Royalties

 

349,760

 

 

 

349,760

 

Government grants

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Grants

 

141,775

 

 

 

141,775

 

Total revenue

 

14,448,436

 

21,493,419

 

5,227,394

 

41,169,249

 

Cost of sales

 

(8,953,929

)

(16,825,572

)

(4,819,455

)

(30,598,956

)

Gross margin per segment

 

5,494,507

 

4,667,847

 

407,939

 

10,570,293

 

%

 

38

%

22

%

8

%

26

%

 

Year Ended
December 31, 2015

 

Seed and
Integrated
Products

 

Crop
Protection

 

Crop
Nutrition

 

Combined

 

Revenues

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sale of goods

 

4,009,045

 

 

 

4,009,045

 

Rendering of services

 

737,232

 

 

 

737,232

 

Royalties

 

354,118

 

 

 

354,118

 

Government grants

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Grants

 

105,696

 

 

 

105,696

 

Total revenue

 

5,206,091

 

 

 

5,206,091

 

Cost of sales

 

(3,837,242

)

 

 

(3,837,242

)

Gross margin per segment

 

1,368,849

 

 

 

1,368,849

 

%

 

26

%

 

 

26

%

 

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Income by similar group of products or services

 

 

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

12/31/2015

 

Seed and integrated products

 

26,802,707

 

9,053,112

 

14,448,436

 

5,206,091

 

Seeds, royalties & licenses

 

3,823,165

 

2,426,868

 

4,429,753

 

5,206,091

 

Packs

 

22,979,542

 

6,626,244

 

10,018,683

 

 

Crop protection

 

77,655,672

 

31,191,970

 

21,493,419

 

 

Adjuvants

 

39,931,915

 

15,008,963

 

12,526,504

 

 

Insecticides & fungicides

 

14,087,260

 

9,914,886

 

2,059,936

 

 

Other

 

23,636,497

 

6,268,121

 

6,906,979

 

 

Crop nutrition

 

29,084,325

 

6,640,228

 

5,227,394

 

 

Inoculants

 

14,352,761

 

4,245,712

 

2,098,826

 

 

Fertilizers

 

14,731,564

 

2,394,516

 

3,128,568

 

 

Total revenue

 

133,542,704

 

46,885,310

 

41,169,249

 

5,206,091

 

 

Geographical information

 

 

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

Non-current assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Argentina

 

77,860,852

 

111,743,378

 

113,739,634

 

United States

 

2,411,673

 

631,063

 

495,187

 

Paraguay

 

605,491

 

589,418

 

538,831

 

Brazil

 

340,144

 

347,649

 

188,627

 

Bolivia

 

39,857

 

22,876

 

25,325

 

South Africa

 

14,423

 

22,706

 

25,442

 

India

 

78

 

 

 

Total

 

81,272,518

 

113,357,090

 

115,013,046

 

 

Revenue from external customers

 

 

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

12/31/2015

 

Argentina

 

106,077,922

 

41,292,402

 

37,815,878

 

4,357,367

 

Austria

 

470,849

 

8,400

 

319,237

 

 

Bolivia

 

2,090,758

 

 

300,084

 

 

Brazil

 

9,450,496

 

275,545

 

862,155

 

 

China

 

 

193,911

 

 

 

Lebanon

 

376,862

 

262,428

 

 

 

United States of America

 

1,395,438

 

380,310

 

16,737

 

730,513

 

Italy

 

10,879

 

 

80,512

 

 

Paraguay

 

5,584,861

 

1,052,088

 

590,176

 

 

United Kingdom

 

387,859

 

129,297

 

220,640

 

 

South Africa

 

3,711,852

 

1,931,908

 

8,369

 

 

France

 

270,878

 

 

 

 

Canada

 

3,553

 

 

 

 

Ukraine

 

344,401

 

822,976

 

145,433

 

 

Uruguay

 

3,197,974

 

447,248

 

667,237

 

12,515

 

Rest of the world

 

116,536

 

56,856

 

1,016

 

 

Total income (without grants)

 

133,491,118

 

46,853,369

 

41,027,474

 

5,100,395

 

 

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13.             FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS — RISK MANAGEMENT

 

13.1      Principal financial instruments

 

The principal financial instruments used by the Group, from which financial instrument risk arise, are as follows:

 

·                        Cash and cash equivalents

 

·                        Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

 

·                        Trade receivables

 

·                        Other receivables

 

·                        Trade and other payables

 

·                        Bank overdrafts

 

·                        Other loans

 

·                        Financed payment for the acquisition of business

 

·                        Puttable instruments

 

The Group is exposed to the following financial risks that arise from its activities and from its use of financial instruments:

 

·                        Credit risk

 

·                        Liquidity risk

 

·                        Currency risk

 

·                        Interest rate risk

 

·                        Market risk

 

This Note provides information on the Group’s exposure to each of the above risks, the Group’s objectives, policies and processes regarding the measurement and management of each risk.

 

The Group does not use derivative financial instruments to hedge any of the above risks.

 

13.2      Financial instruments by category

 

The following tables show additional information required under IFRS 7 on the financial assets and liabilities recorded as of June 30, 2018, June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016.

 

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Amortized Cost

 

Mandatorily Measured at Fair Value
Through Profit or Loss

 

Financial Asset

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

2,215,103

 

1,679,478

 

982,897

 

 

 

 

Other financial assets

 

4,781,679

 

5,027,516

 

712,367

 

12,526

 

4,275

 

4,474

 

Trade receivables

 

52,888,427

 

41,675,918

 

56,050,629

 

 

 

 

Other receivables(*)

 

7,732,901

 

5,413,047

 

5,085,800

 

 

 

 

Total

 

67,618,110

 

53,795,959

 

62,831,693

 

12,526

 

4,275

 

4,474

 

 


(*)               Advances expenses and tax balances are not included.

 

 

 

Amortized Cost

 

Mandatorily Measured at Fair Value 
Through Profit or Loss

 

Financial Liability

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

Trade Payables and other payables

 

27,708,830

 

22,794,716

 

36,006,517

 

 

 

 

Borrowings

 

91,017,133

 

74,990,135

 

64,687,486

 

 

 

 

Financed payment — Acquisition of business

 

22,874,609

 

27,400,173

 

26,209,476

 

 

 

 

Puttable Instruments

 

 

 

 

 

2,500,000

 

2,500,000

 

Total

 

141,600,572

 

125,185,024

 

126,903,479

 

 

2,500,000

 

2,500,000

 

 

13.3      Financial instruments measured at fair value

 

Fair Value by Hierarchy

 

According to the requirements of IFRS 7, the Group classifies each class of financial instrument valued at fair value into three levels, depending on the relevance of the judgment associated to the assumptions used for measuring the fair value.

 

Level 1 comprises financial assets and liabilities with fair values determined by reference to quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

 

Level 2 comprises inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices);

 

Level 3 comprises financial instruments with inputs for estimating fair value that are not based on observable market data.

 

Measurement at Fair Value at 06/30/2018

 

Level 1

 

Level 2

 

Level 3

 

Financial assets at fair value

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other financial assets

 

12,526

 

 

 

Financial liabilities valued at fair value

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Puttable Instruments

 

 

 

 

 

Measurement at Fair Value at 06/30/2017

 

Level 1

 

Level 2

 

Level 3

 

Financial assets at fair value

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other financial assets

 

4,275

 

 

 

Financial liabilities valued at fair value

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Puttable Instruments

 

 

2,500,000

 

 

 

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Measurement at Fair Value at 12/31/2016

 

Level 1

 

Level 2

 

Level 3

 

Financial assets at fair value

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other financial assets

 

4,474

 

 

 

Financial liabilities valued at fair value

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Puttable Instruments

 

 

2,500,000

 

 

 

The fair value of marketable securities is calculated using the market approach using quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy).

 

The Group’s financial liabilities, which were not traded in an active market were determined using valuation techniques that maximize the use of available market information, and thus rely as little as possible on specific estimates of the entity. The rates applicable to similar loans in the market (Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy) were compared.

 

The Group’s policy is to recognize transfers between different categories of the fair value hierarchy at the time they occur or when there are changes in the circumstances that cause the transfer.

 

There were no transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy. There were no changes in economic or business circumstances affecting fair value.

 

13.4      Financial instruments not measured at fair value

 

The financial instruments not measured at fair value include cash and cash equivalents, trade accounts receivable, other accounts receivable, trade payables and other debts, borrowings, financed payments and instruments with a put option.

 

The carrying value of financial instruments not measured at fair value does not differ significantly from their fair value, except for borrowings (Note 6.10).

 

Management estimates that the carrying value of the financial instruments measured at amortized cost approximates their fair value.

 

13.5      General objectives, policies and processes

 

The Board of Directors has overall responsibility for establishing and monitoring the Group’s risk management objectives and policies and, whilst retaining ultimate responsibility for them, it has delegated the function to design and operate processes that ensure the effective implementation of the objectives and policies to the Group’s finance function that periodically reports to the Board of Directors on the evolution of the risk management activities and results. The overall objective of the Board of Directors is to set policies that seek to reduce risk as much as possible without unduly affecting the Group’s competitiveness and flexibility.

 

The Group’s risk management policy is established to identify and analyze the risks facing the Group, to set appropriate risk limits and controls and to monitor risks and adherence to limits. The risks and methods for managing the risks are reviewed regularly in order to reflect changes in market conditions and the Group’s activities. The Group, through training and management standards and procedures, aims to develop a disciplined and constructive control environment in which all the employees understand their roles and obligations.

 

The Group seeks to use suitable means of financing to minimize the Group’s capital costs and to manage and control the Group’s financial risks effectively. There have been no substantive changes in the Group’s exposure to financial instrument risks, its objectives, policies and processes for managing those risks or the methods used to measure them from previous periods unless otherwise stated in this Note.

 

The Group adopted a code of ethics applicable to its principal executive, financial and accounting officers and all persons performing similar functions.

 

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The principal risks and uncertainties facing the business, set out below, do not appear in any particular order of potential materiality or probability of occurrence.

 

(a)               Credit Risk

 

Credit risk is the risk of financial loss to the Group if a customer or counterparty fails to meet its contractual obligations, which derives mainly from trade and other receivables, as well as from cash and deposits in financial institutions.

 

The credit risk to which the Group is exposed is mainly defined in the Group’s accounts receivable followed by cash and cash equivalents, with the logical importance of being able to satisfy the Group’s needs in the short term.

 

Trade and other receivables

 

Credit risk is the risk of financial loss to the Group if a customer or counterparty fails to meet its contractual obligations, and derives mainly from trade receivables and other receivables generated by services and product sales, as well as from cash and deposits in financial institutions. The Group is also exposed to political and economic risk events, which may cause nonpayment of local and foreign currency obligations to the Group owed by customers, partners, contractors and suppliers.

 

The Group sells seeds and integrated products, crop protection products, crop nutrition products, and other products and services to a diverse base of customers. Customers include multi-national and local agricultural companies, distributors, research and educational institutions and farmers who purchase the Group’s seed products, integrated products, crop protection products and crop nutrition products. Type and class of customers may differ depending on the Group’s business segments.

 

The Group’s finance function determines concentrations of credit risk by periodically monitoring the credit worthiness rating of existing customers and through a monthly review of the trade receivables’ aging analysis. In monitoring the customers’ credit risk, customers are grouped according to their credit characteristics.

 

The Group’s policy is to manage credit exposure to counterparties through a process of credit rating. The Group performs credit evaluations of existing and new customers, and every new customer is examined thoroughly regarding the quality of its credit before offering the customer transaction terms. The examination made by the Group includes outside credit rating information, if available. Additionally, and even if there is no independent outside rating, the Group assesses the credit quality of the customer taking into account its financial position, past experience, bank references and other factors. A credit limit is prescribed for each customer. These limits are examined annually. Customers that do not meet the Group’s criteria for credit quality may do business with the Group on a prepayment basis or by furnishing collateral satisfactory to the Group. The Group may still seek collateral and guarantees as it may consider appropriate regardless the credit profile of any customer.

 

In monitoring customer credit risk, the customers are grouped according to a characterization of their credit, based on geographical location, industry, aging of receivables, maturity, and existence of past financial difficulties. Customers defined as “high risk” are classified into the restricted customer list and are supervised by management. In a case of a doubtful debt, the Group records a provision for the amount of the debt less the value of the collateral provided and acts to realize the collateral.

 

To cover trade receivables related to Rizobacter, its subsidiaries and Bioceres Semillas, the Group has taken out credit insurance from Grupo Insur SRL, which periodically analyzes its customer portfolio and currently covers 50% of the portfolio.

 

The financial statements contain specific provisions for doubtful debts, which properly reflect, in Management’s estimate, the loss embedded in debts, the collection of which is doubtful.

 

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The maximum exposure to credit risk is represented by the carrying amount of each financial asset in the statement of financial position after deducting any impairment allowance.

 

Cash and deposits in banks

 

The Group is exposed to counterparty credit risk on cash and cash equivalent balances. The Group holds cash on deposit with a number of financial institutions. The Group manages its credit risk exposure by limiting individual deposits to clearly defined limits. The Group only deposits with high quality banks and financial institutions.

 

The maximum exposure to credit risk is represented by the carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents in the statement of financial position.

 

(b)               Liquidity Risk

 

Liquidity risk is the risk that the Group will encounter difficulty in meeting its financial obligations when they come due.

 

The Group’s approach to managing its liquidity risk is to manage the profile of debt maturities and funding sources, maintaining sufficient cash, and ensuring the availability of funding from an adequate amount of committed credit facilities. The Group’s ability to fund its existing and prospective debt requirements is managed by maintaining diversified funding sources with adequate committed funding lines from high quality lenders.

 

The liquidity risk of each of the Group entities is managed centrally by the Group’s finance function.

 

The cash flow forecast is determined at both an entity level and Combined level. The forecasts are reviewed by the Board of Directors in advance, enabling the Group’s cash requirements to be anticipated. The Group examines the forecasts of its liquidity requirements in order to ascertain that there is sufficient cash for the operating needs, including the amounts required in order to settle financial liabilities.

 

The following table sets out the contractual maturities of financial liabilities:

 

As of June 30, 2018

 

Up to 3 
Months

 

3 to 12 
Months

 

Between
 One and 
Three 
Years

 

Between 
Three and 
Five Years

 

Subsequent
 Years

 

Trade Payables and other payables

 

27,352,381

 

356,449

 

 

 

 

Borrowings

 

26,927,533

 

39,047,778

 

27,190,055

 

 

 

Financed payment — Acquisition of business

 

2,937,500

 

17,922,500

 

2,937,500

 

 

 

Total

 

57,217,414

 

57,326,727

 

30,127,555

 

 

 

 

As of June 30, 2018, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the Group had no exposure to derivative liabilities.

 

(c)                Currency Risk

 

Foreign currency risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in foreign exchange rate. Currency on foreign exchange risk arises when the Group enters into transactions denominated in a currency other than its functional currency. A significant part of our business activities is conducted in Argentine pesos. However, some of our subsidiaries using the Argentine peso as their functional currency also have significant transactions denominated in U.S. dollars, mainly with respect to sales and financing activities.

 

Our policy is, where possible, to allow the Group entities to settle liabilities denominated in U.S. dollars with the cash generated from their own operations in U.S. dollars. We have liabilities denominated in U.S. dollars

 

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in entities utilizing the Argentine peso as functional currency, which expose us to foreign currency exchange risks. Such risks are partially mitigated by our revenues, which are also partly denominated in U.S. dollars (mainly exports) or Argentine pesos but adjusted to reflect changes in U.S. Dollars.

 

We do not use foreign exchange derivatives to hedge our foreign exchange rate exposure. We periodically evaluate the use of derivatives and other financial instruments to hedge our foreign exchange rate exposure, but do not have any exchange rate related financial instruments in place.

 

The table below sets forth our net exposure to currency risk as of June 30, 2018, June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016.

 

Net Foreign Currency Position

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

Amount expressed in USD

 

(28,861,129

)

(17,917,954

)

(11,643,706

)

 

Considering only this net currency exposure at June 30, 2018, if an Argentine peso/US dollar revaluation or depreciation in relation to other foreign currencies with the remaining variables remaining constant, would have a positive or a negative impact on comprehensive income as a result of foreign exchange gains or losses.

 

We estimate that a devaluation of the Argentine peso against the U.S. dollar of 20% during the year ended June 30, 2018 would have resulted in a net pre-tax loss of approximately USD 5.8 million. We estimate that an appreciation of the Argentine peso against the U.S. dollar of 20% during the same period would have resulted in a net pre-tax gain of approximately USD 5.8 million.

 

(d)               Interest rate risk

 

The Group’s financing costs may be affected by interest rate volatility. Borrowings under the Group’s interest rate management policy may be fixed or floating rate. The Group maintains adequate committed borrowing facilities and holds most of its financial assets primarily in cash or checks collected from customers that are readily convertible into known amounts of cash.

 

The Group’s interest rate risk arises from long-term borrowings. Borrowings issued at floating rates expose the Group to cash flow interest rate risk. Borrowings issued at fixed rates expose the Group to fair value interest rate risk.

 

The Group has not entered into derivative contracts to hedge this exposure.

 

The Group’s debt composition, consisting of the loans and the payment financed for the acquisition of Rizobacter, is set out below.

 

 

 

06/30/2018

 

 

 

Carrying Amount

 

Fixed-rate instruments

 

 

 

Current financial liabilities

 

(82,888,890

)

Non-current financial liabilities

 

(27,168,905

)

Variable-rate instruments

 

 

 

Current financial liabilities

 

(2,643,628

)

Non-current financial liabilities

 

(1,190,319

)

 

The Company does not use derivative financial instruments to hedge its interest rate risk exposure.

 

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(e)                                   Capital risk management

 

The Group’s objectives when managing capital are to safeguard the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern, in order to provide returns for shareholders and benefits for other stakeholders, and to maintain an optimal capital structure to reduce the cost of capital.

 

The Group manages its capital structure and makes adjustments to it in the light of changes in economic conditions and the risk characteristics of the underlying assets. In order to maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Group may adjust the amount of any dividends it could pay to shareholders, return capital to shareholders, issue new shares, or sell assets to reduce debt.

 

14.             LEASES

 

14.1      Finance lease — lessee

 

Detail of Leased Equipment:

 

Such contracts were classified as finance leases as the rental period amounts to the estimated useful economic life of the assets concerned and the Group has the right to purchase the assets outright at the end of the minimum lease term by paying a low nominal amount. The leases are payable in ARS.

 

Present value — Minimum payments of financial leases

 

 

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

Less than 1 year

 

418,933

 

701,025

 

767,105

 

1 year — 5 years

 

578,578

 

961,476

 

1,224,799

 

Total

 

997,511

 

1,662,501

 

1,991,904

 

Financial charges to be accrued

 

(263,219

)

(516,819

)

(709,937

)

Debt for financial leases

 

734,292

 

1,145,682

 

1,281,967

 

 

There are no contingent rents related to finance leases and no subleases. There are no material restrictions imposed by lease arrangements.

 

14.2      Operating lease — lessee

 

The Group maintains leased land under operating leases.

 

The total lease payments recognized as expenses during the year ended June 30, 2018, the six-month transition period ended June 30, 2017 and the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 are:

 

 

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

12/31/2015

 

Minimum lease payments

 

44,269

 

31,089

 

67,673

 

71,264

 

Total

 

44,269

 

31,089

 

67,673

 

71,264

 

 

15.             SHAREHOLDERS AND OTHER RELATED PARTIES BALANCES AND TRANSACTIONS

 

During the year ended June 30, 2018, the six-month transition period ended June 30, 2017, the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 the transactions between the Group and related parties, and the related balances owed by and to them, are as follows:

 

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Amount of the Transactions of the Year/Period Ended

 

Party

 

Transaction Type

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

12/31/2015

 

Joint ventures

 

R&D sales and services

 

746,867

 

 

 

 

Joint ventures

 

Purchases of goods and services

 

(9,809,134

)

(922,286

)

 

 

Joint ventures

 

Equity contributions

 

800,989

 

1,233,131

 

162,012

 

632,596

 

Joint ventures

 

Business combination

 

 

 

33,317,619

 

 

Joint ventures

 

Loans granted

 

2,621,647

 

2,428,076

 

1,781,389

 

 

Key management personnel

 

Salaries, social security benefits and other benefits

 

(4,703,519

)

(2,238,908

)

(649,410

)

 

Shareholders and other related parties

 

Dividends

 

(1,450,613

)

(52,249

)

 

 

Shareholders and other related parties

 

Sales of goods and services

 

1,057,325

 

781,830

 

1,761,128

 

2,235,300

 

Shareholders and other related parties

 

Interest gain

 

294,577

 

179,887

 

73,178

 

 

Shareholders and other related parties

 

Interest lost

 

(118,266

)

(520,959

)

(1,118,679

)

(517,374

)

Shareholders and other related parties

 

Purchases of goods and services

 

(986,217

)

(875,257

)

(1,414,998

)

(3,647,852

)

Parent company

 

Sales of goods and services

 

13,505

 

1,427

 

2,993

 

714

 

Parent company

 

Purchases of goods and services

 

(311,418

)

(62,500

)

(135,297

)

(133,445

)

Total

 

 

 

(11,844,257

)

(47,808

)

33,779,935

 

(1,430,061

)

 

 

 

 

 

Amounts Receivable from
 Related Parties

 

Party

 

Transaction Type

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

Parent company

 

Trade receivables

 

361,606

 

 

 

Parent company

 

Other accounts receivable

 

103,251

 

 

 

Shareholders and other related parties

 

Trade receivables

 

571,216

 

1,025,903

 

1,918,321

 

Shareholders and other related parties

 

Allowance for impairment

 

(23,126

)

(205,960

)

(8,210

)

Shareholders and other related parties

 

Other accounts receivable

 

119,677

 

67,753

 

928,144

 

Joint ventures

 

Trade receivables

 

209,039

 

217,963

 

216,078

 

Joint ventures

 

Other accounts receivable

 

6,299,467

 

4,298,109

 

3,099,788

 

Total

 

 

 

7,641,130

 

5,403,768

 

6,154,121

 

 

 

 

 

 

Amounts Payable to Related Parties

 

Party

 

Transaction Type

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

Parent company

 

Trade payables

 

 

(218,744

)

(154,966

)

Parent company

 

Loans payables

 

(1,816,084

)

(646,538

)

(6,610,739

)

Key management personnel

 

Salaries, social security benefits and other benefits

 

(1,556,035

)

(1,614,494

)

(65,774

)

Shareholders and other related parties

 

Trade payables

 

(365,994

)

(633,700

)

(1,694,909

)

Joint ventures

 

Trade payables

 

(3,493,113

)

(1,649,367

)

 

Total

 

 

 

(7,231,226

)

(4,762,843

)

(8,526,388

)

 

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16.             KEY MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL COMPENSATION

 

Key management personnel are those persons having authority and responsibility for planning, directing and controlling the activities of the Group.

 

The compensation of directors and other members of key management personnel, including social contributions and other benefits, was as follows for the year ended June 30, 2018, for the six-month transition period ended June 30, 2017, and for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015.

 

 

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

12/31/2015

 

Salaries, social security and other benefits

 

4,703,519

 

2,238,908

 

649,410

 

 

Total

 

4,703,519

 

2,238,908

 

649,410

 

 

 

The Company entered into indemnification agreements with each of its directors and executive officers. These agreements generally provide that the relevant director or officer will be indemnified by the Company to the fullest extent permitted by law against liability and against all expenses reasonably incurred or paid by him or her in connection with any claim, action, suit or proceeding which he or she becomes involved as a party or otherwise by virtue of his or her being or having been such a director or officer of the Company and against amounts paid or incurred by him or her in the settlement thereof.

 

The agreements are subject to certain exceptions, including that no indemnification will be provided to any director or officer against any liability to the Group or its shareholder (i) by reason of intentional fraudulent conduct, dishonesty, willful misconduct, or gross negligence on the part of the director or officer; or (ii) by reason of payment made under an insurance policy or any third party that has no recourse against the indemnitee director or officer.

 

The compensation of key executives is determined by the Board of Directors of Bioceres S.A. based on the performance of individuals and market trends.

 

The Group currently does not pay any compensation to any of its non-employee board members.

 

17.             SHARE-BASED PAYMENTS

 

On December 17, 2014, the shareholders of the Bioceres S.A. approved the incentive plan based on stocks and options, by issuing:

 

·                        up to 1,264,000 ordinary shares under the “Options incentive Plan” and subject to the exercise of the option, of which, to date, a total of 808,960 have been granted individually to certain executives and reserved for future authorization a total of 455,040 options; and

 

·                        up to 1,264,000 ordinary shares under the “Plan of incentives through shares” of which to date, the granting of up to 902,487 new shares has been approved in favor of certain executives and reserved for future granting a total of 361,513 new shares. Of the total approved, and subject to certain conditions of irrevocability, have been assigned individually 551,148 shares. As of June 30, 2018, 2,148 shares corresponding to this plan have been issued as incentive.

 

Both incentive plans are administered by the compensation committee of Bioceres S.A. who has the power to grant the incentive plans in accordance with the terms and conditions and approved by the Shareholders’ Meeting and the Board of Directors and perform any action it deems necessary or advisable with respect to these, including, among others, the power to appoint beneficiaries, determine the number of shares and/or options to be granted, determine the price and time to exercise the options and resolve the controversies that involve the incentive plans.

 

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Incentive payments based on options

 

On December 16, 2015, purchase options were granted with respect to 31,600 ordinary shares for certain executives of the Bioceres Semillas in accordance with the Capital Market Law of Argentina.

 

The exercise price of the stock options is USD 7.91 and they are consolidated when the beneficiaries have served a period of service since the grant date (December 16, 2015) until the expiration date (April 1, 2017) and under the condition of an initial public offering Successful Company.

 

The beneficiaries must remain in the Company or subsidiary as of the date of exercising the option to exercise it. The stock options can be exercised over a period of 2 years from the date of expiration (that is, until April 1, 2019).

 

The beneficiaries may request the Company to finance up to 100% of the exercise price of the option, to which end the Company will determine the term of the loan, interest, amortization, the form of payment of interest and amortization, the causes of acceleration of the loan (among which it will include the removal of the beneficiary in the eligible position) and the guarantees (including, without limitation, the issuance of a promissory note, deferred payment checks and/or the constitution of pledge in the first degree of privilege over the shares subject to the option).

 

The fair value of the stock options at the grant date is estimated using the “Black and Scholes” model considering the terms and conditions under which the options on actions were granted and adjusted to consider the possible dilutive effect of the future fiscal year the stock options granted on the estimated fair value at the grant date, in accordance with the provisions of paragraph B41 of IFRS 2.

 

The conditions of service and conditions of performance not related to the market are considered to determine the quantity of the instruments which will be Combined.

 

There are no cancellation alternatives in cash. There were no cancellations or modifications to the contracts during the year ended June 30, 2018, the six-month period ended June 30, 2017 and the year ended December 31, 2016.

 

The following table shows the weighted average amount and exercise price and the movements of the stock options of executives and directors of the Group during the years ended June 30, 2018, the transition period ended June 30, 2017 and the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016.

 

 

 

06/30/2018

 

06/30/2017

 

12/31/2016

 

 

 

Number of
Options

 

Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price

 

Number of
Options

 

Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price

 

Number of
Options

 

Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price

 

At the beginning

 

31,600

 

15.85

 

31,600

 

15.85

 

31,600

 

15.85

 

Granted during the year/period

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Annulled during the year/period

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Exercised during the year/period

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Expired during the year/period

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Effective at year/period

 

31,600

 

15.85

 

31,600

 

15.85

 

31,600

 

15.85

 

 

The Incentive Option Plan was calculated considering 50-1 split that was authorized by the shareholders of Bioceres S.A. on December 17, 2014. On April 27, 2017, the shareholders approved a modification to the split such that it is now a 100-1 split of the Bioceres S.A. ordinary shares and an increase of 24,000,000 shares of nominal value ARS 1.

 

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For the stock purchase options in effect as of June 30, 2018, June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the exercise price is USD 15.85 and the weighted average remaining contractual life is approximately 0.75 years, 1.75 years and 2.75 as of June 30, 2018, June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 respectively.

 

The following table shows the fair value of the share options granted during the year ended on June 30, 2018 and the factors used for its calculation:

 

Factor

 

Incentive Option Plan

Weighted average fair value at measurement date (per option)

 

USD 4.09

Value of the share (per share)

 

USD 15.85 (Split 1:50)

Expected dividend rate

 

0%

Expected volatility

 

47.92%

Risk-free interest rate

 

1,05%

Weighted average expected life of stock options

 

2 years

Weighted average exercise price (per share)

 

USD 15.85 (Split 1:50)

Model used

 

Black and Scholes (adjusted to consider the possible dilutive effect of the future exercise of options)

 

The expected life of the share options is estimated based on the contractual life of the option adjusted according to the expectations about early exercise of the options. To estimate the effect of early exercise of the options, Management considered the factors mentioned in paragraphs B16 to B21 of IFRS 2 as a whole and put forward the hypothesis that the options would be exercised, on the average, at a time somewhat earlier than the halfway point between the expiration date (April 1, 2017) and the cutoff date for exercising the option (April 1, 2019).

 

Expected volatility was estimated based on the historical volatility in similar public companies. The measure of volatility used is the annualized standard deviation of rates of return on the shares over a period similar to the expected life of the shares, calculated using continuous capitalization.

 

There are no market-related performance conditions or non-vesting conditions that should be considered for determining the fair value of options.

 

The Group estimates that 100% of the share options will be exercised, taking into account historical patterns of executives maintaining their jobs and the probability of the exercising the options. This estimate is reviewed at the end of each annual or interim period.

 

Incentive payments based on shares

 

On September 8, 2017, the Board of Directors of the Bioceres S.A. approved the granting of 225.000 shares subject to the incentive plan through actions to Rizobacter teams.

 

At the measurement date, the fair value has been determined based on a market price in transactions of the Company’s equity with independent third parties.

 

There are no conditions of returns referring to the market or conditions other than those of irrevocability of the concession that must be incorporated in the fair value determination of the shares. Expected dividends have not been included in the fair value determination.

 

The Company estimates that 100% of the shares will be delivered, taking into account historical stays in the employment of executives. This estimate is reviewed at each closing of annual or intermediate period.

 

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The approved incentive based on shares is subject to the fulfillment of individual objectives and/or economic, as detailed below:

 

“Rizobacter Senior Management”: (i) 225,000 shares in a 3 to 4 year plan conditioned to the fulfillment of between 70% and 100% of the goals and a duty of permanence in the Group for 12 months following the fulfillment of the annual goals of the stretch correspondent; and (ii) 225,000 shares in a three-year plan conditioned between 70% and 100% of the goals and with a duty of permanence in the Group for 4 years following the moment of irrevocability.

 

Out of this total, the compensation committee allocated 360,000 shares individually. Half in three annual installments for the years ended June 30, 2017, 2018 and 2019 and conditioned to the fulfillment of goals. The other half in a three-year stretch, according to the exercises mentioned above and conditioned to the achievement of goals.

 

This plan of actions allows the incorporation, at the option of the beneficiary and in consent with the Group, of a new annual installment due to force majeure events that hinder compliance of the annual goals. In this case, this new annual tranche will be considered for the calculation base of the three-year plan.

 

The beneficiaries of this plan have the option of cash settlement.

 

As of June 30, 2017, the economic objectives of the first annual tranche have been met.

 

As of June 30, 2018, the economic objectives of the second annual tranche have not been met.

 

18.             CONTINGENCIES, COMMITMENTS AND RESTRICTIONS ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF PROFITS

 

BAF Loans obtained with BAF Latam Trade Finance Fund B.V. detailed in Note 6.10 have a pledge agreement with RASA Holding and the limitation of distributing dividends to the extent that such distribution will affect or could substantially affect the ability to comply with the loan obligations.

 

Pledged and restricted assets at June 30, 2018 are as follows:

 

Item

 

Asset Value

 

Type of Debt

 

Amount of Debt

 

Type of Restriction

 

IT equipment

 

91,441

 

Commercial

 

145,481

 

Leasing

 

Machinery and equipment

 

48,752

 

Bank

 

2,259

 

Leasing

 

Machinery and equipment

 

308,627

 

Bank

 

270,875

 

Leasing

 

Buildings

 

113,681

 

Bank

 

869,132

 

Mortgage security

(1)

Vehicles

 

79,289

 

Bank

 

155,539

 

Leasing

 

Other financial assets

 

4,298,101

 

Bank

 

38,145,109

 

Collateral

(2)

Total

 

4,939,891

 

 

 

39,588,395

 

 

 

 


Notes:—

(1)               On September 29, 2015, Rizobacter jointly assumed all the obligations regarding the partial financing of the investments of the company Synertech Industrias S.A. Such loan is granted by Banco Provincia de Buenos Aires directly to Synertech Industrias S.A., in which Rizobacter Argentina S.A. holds 50% together with the French group De Sangosse which holds the other 50%, to complete the financing agreed upon to finish the construction works. The total approved amounts to $80,000,000 to be disbursed on different dates. 50% of it has been secured by De Sangosse through the granting of a standby loan from Banco Paribas, and a mortgage on the facilities where the plant of Synertech Industrias S.A. has been built.

(2)               Rizobacter entered into a USD 45 million syndicated loan and signed a guarantee and pledge. On July 3, 2018 Rizobacter granted a pledge of a fixed-term certificate at Banco Galicia for an amount of USD 4,298,101.

 

F- 112


Table of Contents

 

19.             EVENTS OCCURRING AFTER THE REPORTING PERIOD

 

 

In August 2018, the National Government announced the reduction of the reimbursements for export. Additionally, on September 3, 2018, changes were announced in the export rights for primary production and the application thereof for the rest of the exports. The Group is evaluating the impact of these measures on its operations.

 

Subsequent to June 30, 2018, there have been no other situations or circumstances that may require significant adjustments or further disclosure in these Combined financial statements that were not mentioned above.

 

F- 113


Exhibit 1.1

 

THE COMPANIES LAW (2018 REVISION)

OF THE CAYMAN ISLANDS

COMPANY LIMITED BY SHARES

 

AMENDED AND RESTATED

MEMORANDUM AND ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION

 

OF

 

BIOCERES CROP SOLUTIONS CORP.

(ADOPTED BY SPECIAL RESOLUTION ON 27 FEBRUARY 2019)

 


 

THE COMPANIES LAW (2018 REVISION)

OF THE CAYMAN ISLANDS

COMPANY LIMITED BY SHARES

 

AMENDED AND RESTATED

MEMORANDUM OF ASSOCIATION

OF

BIOCERES CROP SOLUTIONS CORP.

(ADOPTED BY SPECIAL RESOLUTION ON 27 FEBRUARY 2019)

 

1                                          The name of the Company is Bioceres Crop Solutions Corp.

 

2                                          The Registered Office of the Company shall be at the offices of Maples Corporate Services Limited, PO Box 309, Ugland House, Grand Cayman, KY1-1104, Cayman Islands, or at such other place within the Cayman Islands as the Directors may decide.

 

3                                          The objects for which the Company is established are unrestricted and the Company shall have full power and authority to carry out any object not prohibited by the laws of the Cayman Islands.

 

4                                          The liability of each Member is limited to the amount unpaid on such Member’s shares.

 

5                                          The share capital of the Company is US$10,100 divided into 100,000,000 ordinary shares of a par value of US$0.0001 each and 1,000,000 preference shares of a par value of US$0.0001 each.

 

6                                          The Company has power to register by way of continuation as a body corporate limited by shares under the laws of any jurisdiction outside the Cayman Islands and to be deregistered in the Cayman Islands.

 

7                                          Capitalised terms that are not defined in this Memorandum of Association bear the respective meanings given to them in the Articles of Association of the Company.

 

2


 

THE COMPANIES LAW (2018 REVISION)

OF THE CAYMAN ISLANDS

COMPANY LIMITED BY SHARES

 

AMENDED AND RESTATED

ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION

OF

BIOCERES CROP SOLUTIONS CORP.

(ADOPTED BY SPECIAL RESOLUTION ON 27 FEBRUARY 2019)

 

1                                          Interpretation

 

1.1                                In the Articles Table A in the First Schedule to the Statute does not apply and, unless there is something in the subject or context inconsistent therewith:

 

Articles

means these articles of association of the Company.

 

 

Audit Committee

means the audit committee of the Company formed pursuant to Article 41.2 hereof, or any successor audit committee.

 

 

Auditor

means the person for the time being performing the duties of auditor of the Company (if any).

 

 

Cause

means a conviction for a criminal offence involving dishonesty or engaging in conduct which brings a Director or the Company into disrepute or which results in a material financial detriment to the Company.

 

 

clearing house

a clearing house recognised by the laws of the jurisdiction in which the Shares (or depositary receipts therefor) are listed or quoted on a stock exchange or interdealer quotation system in such jurisdiction.

 

 

Company

means the above named company.

 

 

Designated Stock Exchange

means any national securities exchange including The New York Stock Exchange.

 

 

Directors

means the directors for the time being of the Company.

 

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Dividend

means any dividend (whether interim or final) resolved to be paid on Shares pursuant to the Articles.

 

 

Electronic Record

has the same meaning as in the Electronic Transactions Law.

 

 

Electronic Transactions Law

means the Electronic Transactions Law (2003 Revision) of the Cayman Islands.

 

 

Member

has the same meaning as in the Statute.

 

 

Memorandum

means the memorandum of association of the Company.

 

 

Ordinary Resolution

means a resolution passed by a simple majority of the Members as, being entitled to do so, vote in person or, where proxies are allowed, by proxy at a general meeting, and includes a unanimous written resolution. In computing the majority when a poll is demanded regard shall be had to the number of votes to which each Member is entitled by the Articles.

 

 

Ordinary Share

means an ordinary share of a par value of US$0.0001 in the share capital of the Company.

 

 

Preference Share

means a preference share of a par value of US$0.0001 in the share capital of the Company.

 

 

Register of Members

means the register of Members maintained in accordance with the Statute and includes (except where otherwise stated) any branch or duplicate register of Members.

 

 

Registered Office

means the registered office for the time being of the Company.

 

 

Seal

means the common seal of the Company and includes every duplicate seal.

 

 

SEC

means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.

 

 

Share

means an Ordinary Share or a Preference Share and includes a fraction of a share in the Company.

 

 

Special Resolution

has the same meaning as in the Statute, and includes a unanimous written resolution.

 

 

Statute

means the Companies Law (2018 Revision) of the Cayman Islands.

 

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Treasury Share

means a Share held in the name of the Company as a treasury share in accordance with the Statute.

 

1.2                                In the Articles:

 

(a)                                  words importing the singular number include the plural number and vice versa;

 

(b)                                  words importing the masculine gender include the feminine gender;

 

(c)                                   words importing persons include corporations as well as any other legal or natural person;

 

(d)                                  “written” and “in writing” include all modes of representing or reproducing words in visible form, including in the form of an Electronic Record;

 

(e)                                   “shall” shall be construed as imperative and “may” shall be construed as permissive;

 

(f)                                    references to provisions of any law or regulation shall be construed as references to those provisions as amended, modified, re-enacted or replaced;

 

(g)                                   any phrase introduced by the terms “including”, “include”, “in particular” or any similar expression shall be construed as illustrative and shall not limit the sense of the words preceding those terms;

 

(h)                                  the term “and/or” is used herein to mean both “and” as well as “or.” The use of “and/or” in certain contexts in no respects qualifies or modifies the use of the terms “and” or “or” in others. The term “or” shall not be interpreted to be exclusive and the term “and” shall not be interpreted to require the conjunctive (in each case, unless the context otherwise requires);

 

(i)                                      headings are inserted for reference only and shall be ignored in construing the Articles;

 

(j)                                     any requirements as to delivery under the Articles include delivery in the form of an Electronic Record;

 

(k)                                  any requirements as to execution or signature under the Articles including the execution of the Articles themselves can be satisfied in the form of an electronic signature as defined in the Electronic Transactions Law;

 

(l)                                      sections 8 and 19(3) of the Electronic Transactions Law shall not apply;

 

(m)                              the term “clear days” in relation to the period of a notice means that period excluding the day when the notice is received or deemed to be received and the day for which it is given or on which it is to take effect; and

 

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(n)                                  the term “holder” in relation to a Share means a person whose name is entered in the Register of Members as the holder of such Share.

 

2                                          Commencement of Business

 

2.1                                The business of the Company may be commenced as soon after incorporation of the Company as the Directors shall see fit.

 

2.2                                The Directors may pay, out of the capital or any other monies of the Company, all expenses incurred in or about the formation and establishment of the Company, including the expenses of registration.

 

3                                          Issue of Shares

 

3.1                                Subject to the provisions, if any, in the Memorandum (and to any direction that may be given by the Company in general meeting) and, where applicable, the rules of the Designated Stock Exchange and/or any competent regulatory authority, and without prejudice to any rights attached to any existing Shares, the Directors may allot, issue, grant options over or otherwise dispose of Shares (including fractions of a Share) with or without preferred, deferred or other rights or restrictions, whether in regard to Dividend or other distribution, voting, return of capital or otherwise and to such persons, at such times and on such other terms as they think proper, and may also (subject to the Statute and the Articles) vary such rights, save that the Directors shall not allot, issue, grant options over or otherwise dispose of Shares (including fractions of a Share).

 

3.2                                The Company may issue rights, options, warrants or convertible securities or securities of similar nature conferring the right upon the holders thereof to subscribe for, purchase or receive any class of Shares or other securities in the Company on such terms as the Directors may from time to time determine.

 

3.3                                The Company may issue units of securities in the Company, which may be comprised of whole or fractional Shares, rights, options, warrants or convertible securities or securities of similar nature conferring the right upon the holders thereof to subscribe for, purchase or receive any class of Shares or other securities in the Company, upon such terms as the Directors may from time to time determine.

 

3.4                                The Company shall not issue Shares to bearer.

 

4                                          Register of Members

 

4.1                                The Company shall maintain or cause to be maintained the Register of Members in accordance with the Statute.

 

4.2                                The Directors may determine that the Company shall maintain one or more branch registers of Members in accordance with the Statute. The Directors may also determine which register of

 

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Members shall constitute the principal register and which shall constitute the branch register or registers, and to vary such determination from time to time.

 

5                                          Closing Register of Members or Fixing Record Date

 

5.1                                For the purpose of determining Members entitled to notice of, or to vote at any meeting of Members or any adjournment thereof, or Members entitled to receive payment of any Dividend or other distribution, or in order to make a determination of Members for any other purpose, the Directors may, after notice has been given by advertisement in an appointed newspaper or any other newspaper or by any other means in accordance with the requirements of the Designated Stock Exchange, provide that the Register of Members shall be closed for transfers for a stated period which shall not in any case exceed forty days.

 

5.2                                In lieu of, or apart from, closing the Register of Members, the Directors may fix in advance or arrears a date as the record date for any such determination of Members entitled to notice of, or to vote at any meeting of the Members or any adjournment thereof, or for the purpose of determining the Members entitled to receive payment of any Dividend or other distribution, or in order to make a determination of Members for any other purpose.

 

5.3                                If the Register of Members is not so closed and no record date is fixed for the determination of Members entitled to notice of, or to vote at, a meeting of Members or Members entitled to receive payment of a Dividend or other distribution, the date on which notice of the meeting is sent or the date on which the resolution of the Directors resolving to pay such Dividend or other distribution is passed, as the case may be, shall be the record date for such determination of Members. When a determination of Members entitled to vote at any meeting of Members has been made as provided in this Article, such determination shall apply to any adjournment thereof.

 

6                                          Certificates for Shares

 

6.1                                A Member shall only be entitled to a share certificate if the Directors resolve that share certificates shall be issued. Share certificates representing Shares, if any, shall be in such form as the Directors may determine. Share certificates shall be signed by one or more Directors or other person authorised by the Directors. The Directors may authorise certificates to be issued with the authorised signature(s) affixed by mechanical process. All certificates for Shares shall be consecutively numbered or otherwise identified and shall specify the Shares to which they relate. All certificates surrendered to the Company for transfer shall be cancelled and, subject to the Articles, no new certificate shall be issued until the former certificate representing a like number of relevant Shares shall have been surrendered and cancelled.

 

6.2                                The Company shall not be bound to issue more than one certificate for Shares held jointly by more than one person and delivery of a certificate to one joint holder shall be a sufficient delivery to all of them.

 

6.3                                If a share certificate is defaced, worn out, lost or destroyed, it may be renewed on such terms (if any) as to evidence and indemnity and on the payment of such expenses reasonably incurred by

 

7


 

the Company in investigating evidence, as the Directors may prescribe, and (in the case of defacement or wearing out) upon delivery of the old certificate.

 

6.4                                Every share certificate sent in accordance with the Articles will be sent at the risk of the Member or other person entitled to the certificate. The Company will not be responsible for any share certificate lost or delayed in the course of delivery.

 

6.5                                Share certificates shall be issued within the relevant time limit as prescribed by the Statute, if applicable, or as the Designated Stock Exchange may from time to time determine, whichever is shorter, after the allotment or, except in the case of a Share transfer which the Company is for the time being entitled to refuse to register and does not register, after lodgement of a Share transfer with the Company.

 

7                                          Transfer of Shares

 

7.1                                Subject to the terms of the Articles, any Member may transfer all or any of his Shares by an instrument of transfer provided that such transfer complies with applicable rules of the SEC and federal and state securities laws of the United States. If the Shares in question were issued in conjunction with rights, options or warrants issued pursuant to Article 3 on terms that one cannot be transferred without the other, the Directors shall refuse to register the transfer of any such Share without evidence satisfactory to them of the like transfer of such option or warrant.

 

7.2                                The instrument of transfer of any Share shall be in writing in the usual or common form or in a form prescribed by the Designated Stock Exchange or in any other form approved by the Directors and shall be executed by or on behalf of the transferor (and if the Directors so require, signed by or on behalf of the transferee) and may be under hand or, if the transferor or transferee is a clearing house or its nominee(s), by hand or by machine imprinted signature or by such other manner of execution as the Directors may approve from time to time. The transferor shall be deemed to remain the holder of a Share until the name of the transferee is entered in the Register of Members.

 

8                                          Redemption, Repurchase and Surrender of Shares

 

8.1                                Subject to the provisions of the Statute and, where applicable, the rules of the Designated Stock Exchange and/or any competent regulatory authority, the Company may issue Shares that are to be redeemed or are liable to be redeemed at the option of the Member or the Company. The redemption of such Shares shall be effected in such manner and upon such other terms as the Company may, by Special Resolution, determine before the issue of the Shares.

 

8.2                                Subject to the provisions of the Statute, and, where applicable, the rules of the Designated Stock Exchange and/or any competent regulatory authority, the Company may purchase its own Shares (including any redeemable Shares) in such manner and on such other terms as the Directors may agree with the relevant Member.

 

8.3                                The Company may make a payment in respect of the redemption or purchase of its own Shares in any manner permitted by the Statute, including out of capital.

 

8


 

8.4                                The Directors may accept the surrender for no consideration of any fully paid Share.

 

9                                          Treasury Shares

 

9.1                                The Directors may, prior to the purchase, redemption or surrender of any Share, determine that such Share shall be held as a Treasury Share.

 

9.2                                The Directors may determine to cancel a Treasury Share or transfer a Treasury Share on such terms as they think proper (including, without limitation, for nil consideration).

 

10                                   Variation of Rights of Shares

 

10.1                         If at any time the share capital of the Company is divided into different classes of Shares, all or any of the rights attached to any class (unless otherwise provided by the terms of issue of the Shares of that class) may, whether or not the Company is being wound up, be varied without the consent of the holders of the issued Shares of that class where such variation is considered by the Directors not to have a material adverse effect upon such rights; otherwise, any such variation shall be made only with the consent in writing of the holders of not less than two thirds of the issued Shares of that class (other than with respect to a waiver of the provisions of Article 17.2 hereof, which as stated therein shall only require the consent in writing of the holders of a majority of the issued Shares of that class), or with the approval of a resolution passed by a majority of not less than two thirds of the votes cast at a separate meeting of the holders of the Shares of that class. For the avoidance of doubt, the Directors reserve the right, notwithstanding that any such variation may not have a material adverse effect, to obtain consent from the holders of Shares of the relevant class. To any such meeting all the provisions of the Articles relating to general meetings shall apply mutatis mutandis , except that the necessary quorum shall be one person holding or representing by proxy at least one third of the issued Shares of the class and that any holder of Shares of the class present in person or by proxy may demand a poll.

 

10.2                         For the purposes of a separate class meeting, the Directors may treat two or more or all the classes of Shares as forming one class of Shares if the Directors consider that such class of Shares would be affected in the same way by the proposals under consideration, but in any other case shall treat them as separate classes of Shares.

 

10.3                         The rights conferred upon the holders of the Shares of any class issued with preferred or other rights shall not, unless otherwise expressly provided by the terms of issue of the Shares of that class, be deemed to be varied by the creation or issue of further Shares ranking pari passu therewith.

 

11                                   Commission on Sale of Shares

 

The Company may, in so far as the Statute permits, pay a commission to any person in consideration of his subscribing or agreeing to subscribe (whether absolutely or conditionally) or procuring or agreeing to procure subscriptions (whether absolutely or conditionally) for any Shares. Such commissions may be satisfied by the payment of cash and/or the issue of fully or partly paid-up Shares. The Company may also on any issue of Shares pay such brokerage as may be lawful.

 

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12                                   Non Recognition of Trusts

 

The Company shall not be bound by or compelled to recognise in any way (even when notified) any equitable, contingent, future or partial interest in any Share, or (except only as is otherwise provided by the Articles or the Statute) any other rights in respect of any Share other than an absolute right to the entirety thereof in the holder.

 

13                                   Lien on Shares

 

13.1                         The Company shall have a first and paramount lien on all Shares (whether fully paid-up or not) registered in the name of a Member (whether solely or jointly with others) for all debts, liabilities or engagements to or with the Company (whether presently payable or not) by such Member or his estate, either alone or jointly with any other person, whether a Member or not, but the Directors may at any time declare any Share to be wholly or in part exempt from the provisions of this Article. The registration of a transfer of any such Share shall operate as a waiver of the Company’s lien thereon. The Company’s lien on a Share shall also extend to any amount payable in respect of that Share.

 

13.2                         The Company may sell, in such manner as the Directors think fit, any Shares on which the Company has a lien, if a sum in respect of which the lien exists is presently payable, and is not paid within fourteen clear days after notice has been received or deemed to have been received by the holder of the Shares, or to the person entitled to it in consequence of the death or bankruptcy of the holder, demanding payment and stating that if the notice is not complied with the Shares may be sold.

 

13.3                         To give effect to any such sale the Directors may authorise any person to execute an instrument of transfer of the Shares sold to, or in accordance with the directions of, the purchaser. The purchaser or his nominee shall be registered as the holder of the Shares comprised in any such transfer, and he shall not be bound to see to the application of the purchase money, nor shall his title to the Shares be affected by any irregularity or invalidity in the sale or the exercise of the Company’s power of sale under the Articles.

 

13.4                         The net proceeds of such sale after payment of costs, shall be applied in payment of such part of the amount in respect of which the lien exists as is presently payable and any balance shall (subject to a like lien for sums not presently payable as existed upon the Shares before the sale) be paid to the person entitled to the Shares at the date of the sale.

 

14                                   Call on Shares

 

14.1                         Subject to the terms of the allotment and issue of any Shares, the Directors may make calls upon the Members in respect of any monies unpaid on their Shares (whether in respect of par value or premium), and each Member shall (subject to receiving at least fourteen clear days’ notice specifying the time or times of payment) pay to the Company at the time or times so specified the amount called on the Shares. A call may be revoked or postponed, in whole or in part, as the Directors may determine. A call may be required to be paid by instalments. A person upon whom

 

10


 

a call is made shall remain liable for calls made upon him notwithstanding the subsequent transfer of the Shares in respect of which the call was made.

 

14.2                         A call shall be deemed to have been made at the time when the resolution of the Directors authorising such call was passed.

 

14.3                         The joint holders of a Share shall be jointly and severally liable to pay all calls in respect thereof.

 

14.4                         If a call remains unpaid after it has become due and payable, the person from whom it is due shall pay interest on the amount unpaid from the day it became due and payable until it is paid at such rate as the Directors may determine (and in addition all expenses that have been incurred by the Company by reason of such non-payment), but the Directors may waive payment of the interest or expenses wholly or in part.

 

14.5                         An amount payable in respect of a Share on issue or allotment or at any fixed date, whether on account of the par value of the Share or premium or otherwise, shall be deemed to be a call and if it is not paid all the provisions of the Articles shall apply as if that amount had become due and payable by virtue of a call.

 

14.6                         The Directors may issue Shares with different terms as to the amount and times of payment of calls, or the interest to be paid.

 

14.7                         The Directors may, if they think fit, receive an amount from any Member willing to advance all or any part of the monies uncalled and unpaid upon any Shares held by him, and may (until the amount would otherwise become payable) pay interest at such rate as may be agreed upon between the Directors and the Member paying such amount in advance.

 

14.8                         No such amount paid in advance of calls shall entitle the Member paying such amount to any portion of a Dividend or other distribution payable in respect of any period prior to the date upon which such amount would, but for such payment, become payable.

 

15                                   Forfeiture of Shares

 

15.1                         If a call or instalment of a call remains unpaid after it has become due and payable the Directors may give to the person from whom it is due not less than fourteen clear days’ notice requiring payment of the amount unpaid together with any interest which may have accrued and any expenses incurred by the Company by reason of such non-payment. The notice shall specify where payment is to be made and shall state that if the notice is not complied with the Shares in respect of which the call was made will be liable to be forfeited.

 

15.2                         If the notice is not complied with, any Share in respect of which it was given may, before the payment required by the notice has been made, be forfeited by a resolution of the Directors. Such forfeiture shall include all Dividends, other distributions or other monies payable in respect of the forfeited Share and not paid before the forfeiture.

 

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15.3                         A forfeited Share may be sold, re-allotted or otherwise disposed of on such terms and in such manner as the Directors think fit and at any time before a sale, re-allotment or disposition the forfeiture may be cancelled on such terms as the Directors think fit. Where for the purposes of its disposal a forfeited Share is to be transferred to any person the Directors may authorise some person to execute an instrument of transfer of the Share in favour of that person.

 

15.4                         A person any of whose Shares have been forfeited shall cease to be a Member in respect of them and shall surrender to the Company for cancellation the certificate for the Shares forfeited and shall remain liable to pay to the Company all monies which at the date of forfeiture were payable by him to the Company in respect of those Shares together with interest at such rate as the Directors may determine, but his liability shall cease if and when the Company shall have received payment in full of all monies due and payable by him in respect of those Shares.

 

15.5                         A certificate in writing under the hand of one Director or officer of the Company that a Share has been forfeited on a specified date shall be conclusive evidence of the facts stated in it as against all persons claiming to be entitled to the Share. The certificate shall (subject to the execution of an instrument of transfer) constitute a good title to the Share and the person to whom the Share is sold or otherwise disposed of shall not be bound to see to the application of the purchase money, if any, nor shall his title to the Share be affected by any irregularity or invalidity in the proceedings in reference to the forfeiture, sale or disposal of the Share.

 

15.6                         The provisions of the Articles as to forfeiture shall apply in the case of non payment of any sum which, by the terms of issue of a Share, becomes payable at a fixed time, whether on account of the par value of the Share or by way of premium as if it had been payable by virtue of a call duly made and notified.

 

16                                   Transmission of Shares

 

16.1                         If a Member dies, the survivor or survivors (where he was a joint holder), or his legal personal representatives (where he was a sole holder), shall be the only persons recognised by the Company as having any title to his Shares. The estate of a deceased Member is not thereby released from any liability in respect of any Share, for which he was a joint or sole holder.

 

16.2                         Any person becoming entitled to a Share in consequence of the death or bankruptcy or liquidation or dissolution of a Member (or in any other way than by transfer) may, upon such evidence being produced as may be required by the Directors, elect, by a notice in writing sent by him to the Company, either to become the holder of such Share or to have some person nominated by him registered as the holder of such Share. If he elects to have another person registered as the holder of such Share he shall sign an instrument of transfer of that Share to that person. The Directors shall, in either case, have the same right to decline or suspend registration as they would have had in the case of a transfer of the Share by the relevant Member before his death or bankruptcy or liquidation or dissolution, as the case may be.

 

16.3                         A person becoming entitled to a Share by reason of the death or bankruptcy or liquidation or dissolution of a Member (or in any other case than by transfer) shall be entitled to the same

 

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Dividends, other distributions and other advantages to which he would be entitled if he were the holder of such Share. However, he shall not, before becoming a Member in respect of a Share, be entitled in respect of it to exercise any right conferred by membership in relation to general meetings of the Company and the Directors may at any time give notice requiring any such person to elect either to be registered himself or to have some person nominated by him be registered as the holder of the Share (but the Directors shall, in either case, have the same right to decline or suspend registration as they would have had in the case of a transfer of the Share by the relevant Member before his death or bankruptcy or liquidation or dissolution or any other case than by transfer, as the case may be). If the notice is not complied with within ninety days of being received or deemed to be received (as determined pursuant to the Articles), the Directors may thereafter withhold payment of all Dividends, other distributions, bonuses or other monies payable in respect of the Share until the requirements of the notice have been complied with.

 

17                                   Amendments of Memorandum and Articles of Association and Alteration of Capital

 

17.1                         The Company may by Ordinary Resolution:

 

(a)                                  increase its share capital by such sum as the Ordinary Resolution shall prescribe and with such rights, priorities and privileges annexed thereto, as the Company in general meeting may determine;

 

(b)                                  consolidate and divide all or any of its share capital into Shares of larger amount than its existing Shares;

 

(c)                                   convert all or any of its paid-up Shares into stock, and reconvert that stock into paid-up Shares of any denomination;

 

(d)                                  by subdivision of its existing Shares or any of them divide the whole or any part of its share capital into Shares of smaller amount than is fixed by the Memorandum or into Shares without par value; and

 

(e)                                   cancel any Shares that at the date of the passing of the Ordinary Resolution have not been taken or agreed to be taken by any person and diminish the amount of its share capital by the amount of the Shares so cancelled.

 

17.2                         All new Shares created in accordance with the provisions of the preceding Article shall be subject to the same provisions of the Articles with reference to the payment of calls, liens, transfer, transmission, forfeiture and otherwise as the Shares in the original share capital.

 

17.3                         Subject to the provisions of the Statute, the provisions of the Articles as regards the matters to be dealt with by Ordinary Resolution, the Company may by Special Resolution:

 

(a)                                  change its name;

 

(b)                                  alter or add to the Articles;

 

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(c)                                   alter or add to the Memorandum with respect to any objects, powers or other matters specified therein; and

 

(d)                                  reduce its share capital or any capital redemption reserve fund.

 

18                                   Offices and Places of Business

 

Subject to the provisions of the Statute, the Company may by resolution of the Directors change the location of its Registered Office. The Company may, in addition to its Registered Office, maintain such other offices or places of business as the Directors determine.

 

19                                   General Meetings

 

19.1                         All general meetings other than annual general meetings shall be called extraordinary general meetings.

 

19.2                         The Company may, but shall not (unless required by the Statute) be obliged to, in each year hold a general meeting as its annual general meeting, and shall specify the meeting as such in the notices calling it. Any annual general meeting shall be held at such time and place as the Directors shall appoint and if no other time and place is prescribed by them, it shall be held at the Registered Office on the second Wednesday in October of each year at ten o’clock in the morning. At these meetings the report of the Directors (if any) shall be presented.

 

19.3                         The Directors, the chief executive officer or the chairman of the board of Directors may call general meetings, and they shall on a Members’ requisition forthwith proceed to convene an extraordinary general meeting of the Company.

 

19.4                         A Members’ requisition is a requisition of Members holding at the date of deposit of the requisition not less than ten per cent in par value of the issued Shares which as at that date carry the right to vote at general meetings of the Company.

 

19.5                         The Members’ requisition must state the objects of the meeting and must be signed by the requisitionists and deposited at the Registered Office, and may consist of several documents in like form each signed by one or more requisitionists.

 

19.6                         If there are no Directors as at the date of the deposit of the Members’ requisition or if the Directors do not within twenty-one days from the date of the deposit of the Members’ requisition duly proceed to convene a general meeting to be held within a further twenty-one days, the requisitionists, or any of them representing more than one-half of the total voting rights of all of the requisitionists, may themselves convene a general meeting, but any meeting so convened shall be held no later than the day which falls three months after the expiration of the said twenty-one day period.

 

19.7                         A general meeting convened as aforesaid by requisitionists shall be convened in the same manner as nearly as possible as that in which general meetings are to be convened by Directors.

 

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19.8                         Members seeking to bring business before the annual general meeting or to nominate candidates for election as Directors at the annual general meeting must deliver notice to the principal executive offices of the Company not later than the close of business on the 90th day nor earlier than the close of business on the 120th day prior to the scheduled date of the annual general meeting.

 

20                                   Notice of General Meetings

 

20.1                         At least five clear days’ notice shall be given of any general meeting. Every notice shall specify the place, the day and the hour of the meeting and the general nature of the business to be conducted at the general meeting and shall be given in the manner hereinafter mentioned or in such other manner if any as may be prescribed by the Company, provided that a general meeting of the Company shall, whether or not the notice specified in this Article has been given and whether or not the provisions of the Articles regarding general meetings have been complied with, be deemed to have been duly convened if it is so agreed:

 

(a)                                  in the case of an annual general meeting, by all of the Members entitled to attend and vote thereat; and

 

(b)                                  in the case of an extraordinary general meeting, by a majority in number of the Members having a right to attend and vote at the meeting, together holding not less than ninety-five per cent in par value of the Shares giving that right.

 

20.2                         The accidental omission to give notice of a general meeting to, or the non receipt of notice of a general meeting by, any person entitled to receive such notice shall not invalidate the proceedings of that general meeting.

 

21                                   Proceedings at General Meetings

 

21.1                         No business shall be transacted at any general meeting unless a quorum is present. The holders of a majority of the Shares being individuals present in person or by proxy or if a corporation or other non-natural person by its duly authorised representative or proxy shall be a quorum.

 

21.2                         A person may participate at a general meeting by conference telephone or other communications equipment by means of which all the persons participating in the meeting can communicate with each other. Participation by a person in a general meeting in this manner is treated as presence in person at that meeting.

 

21.3                         A resolution (including a Special Resolution) in writing (in one or more counterparts) signed by or on behalf of all of the Members for the time being entitled to receive notice of and to attend and vote at general meetings (or, being corporations or other non-natural persons, signed by their duly authorised representatives) shall be as valid and effective as if the resolution had been passed at a general meeting of the Company duly convened and held.

 

21.4                         If a quorum is not present within half an hour from the time appointed for the meeting to commence or if during such a meeting a quorum ceases to be present, the meeting, if convened upon a

 

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Members’ requisition, shall be dissolved and in any other case it shall stand adjourned to the same day in the next week at the same time and/or place or to such other day, time and/or place as the Directors may determine, and if at the adjourned meeting a quorum is not present within half an hour from the time appointed for the meeting to commence, the Members present shall be a quorum.

 

21.5                         The Directors may, at any time prior to the time appointed for the meeting to commence, appoint any person to act as chairman of a general meeting of the Company or, if the Directors do not make any such appointment, the chairman, if any, of the board of Directors shall preside as chairman at such general meeting. If there is no such chairman, or if he shall not be present within fifteen minutes after the time appointed for the meeting to commence, or is unwilling to act, the Directors present shall elect one of their number to be chairman of the meeting.

 

21.6                         If no Director is willing to act as chairman or if no Director is present within fifteen minutes after the time appointed for the meeting to commence, the Members present shall choose one of their number to be chairman of the meeting.

 

21.7                         The chairman may, with the consent of a meeting at which a quorum is present (and shall if so directed by the meeting) adjourn the meeting from time to time and from place to place, but no business shall be transacted at any adjourned meeting other than the business left unfinished at the meeting from which the adjournment took place.

 

21.8                         When a general meeting is adjourned for thirty days or more, notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given as in the case of an original meeting. Otherwise it shall not be necessary to give any such notice of an adjourned meeting.

 

21.9                         A resolution put to the vote of the meeting shall be decided on a poll.

 

21.10                  A poll shall be taken as the chairman directs, and the result of the poll shall be deemed to be the resolution of the general meeting at which the poll was demanded.

 

21.11                  A poll demanded on the election of a chairman or on a question of adjournment shall be taken forthwith. A poll demanded on any other question shall be taken at such date, time and place as the chairman of the general meeting directs, and any business other than that upon which a poll has been demanded or is contingent thereon may proceed pending the taking of the poll.

 

21.12                  In the case of an equality of votes the chairman shall be entitled to a second or casting vote.

 

22                                   Votes of Members

 

22.1                         Subject to any rights or restrictions attached to any Shares, every Member present in any such manner shall have one vote for every Share of which he is the holder.

 

22.2                         In the case of joint holders the vote of the senior holder who tenders a vote, whether in person or by proxy (or, in the case of a corporation or other non-natural person, by its duly authorised

 

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representative or proxy), shall be accepted to the exclusion of the votes of the other joint holders, and seniority shall be determined by the order in which the names of the holders stand in the Register of Members.

 

22.3                         A Member of unsound mind, or in respect of whom an order has been made by any court, having jurisdiction in lunacy, may vote by his committee, receiver, curator bonis, or other person on such Member’s behalf appointed by that court, and any such committee, receiver, curator bonis or other person may vote by proxy.

 

22.4                         No person shall be entitled to vote at any general meeting unless he is registered as a Member on the record date for such meeting nor unless all calls or other monies then payable by him in respect of Shares have been paid.

 

22.5                         No objection shall be raised as to the qualification of any voter except at the general meeting or adjourned general meeting at which the vote objected to is given or tendered and every vote not disallowed at the meeting shall be valid. Any objection made in due time in accordance with this Article shall be referred to the chairman whose decision shall be final and conclusive.

 

22.6                         Votes may be cast either personally or by proxy (or in the case of a corporation or other non-natural person by its duly authorised representative or proxy). A Member may appoint more than one proxy or the same proxy under one or more instruments to attend and vote at a meeting. Where a Member appoints more than one proxy the instrument of proxy shall specify the number of Shares in respect of which each proxy is entitled to exercise the related votes.

 

22.7                         A Member holding more than one Share need not cast the votes in respect of his Shares in the same way on any resolution and therefore may vote a Share or some or all such Shares either for or against a resolution and/or abstain from voting a Share or some or all of the Shares and, subject to the terms of the instrument appointing him, a proxy appointed under one or more instruments may vote a Share or some or all of the Shares in respect of which he is appointed either for or against a resolution and/or abstain from voting a Share or some or all of the Shares in respect of which he is appointed.

 

23                                   Proxies

 

23.1                         The instrument appointing a proxy shall be in writing and shall be executed under the hand of the appointor or of his attorney duly authorised in writing, or, if the appointor is a corporation or other non natural person, under the hand of its duly authorised representative. A proxy need not be a Member.

 

23.2                         The Directors may, in the notice convening any meeting or adjourned meeting, or in an instrument of proxy sent out by the Company, specify the manner by which the instrument appointing a proxy shall be deposited and the place and the time (being not later than the time appointed for the commencement of the meeting or adjourned meeting to which the proxy relates) at which the instrument appointing a proxy shall be deposited. In the absence of any such direction from the Directors in the notice convening any meeting or adjourned meeting or in an instrument of proxy

 

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sent out by the Company, the instrument appointing a proxy shall be deposited physically at the Registered Office not less than 48 hours before the time appointed for the meeting or adjourned meeting to commence at which the person named in the instrument proposes to vote.

 

23.3                         The chairman may in any event at his discretion declare that an instrument of proxy shall be deemed to have been duly deposited. An instrument of proxy that is not deposited in the manner permitted, or which has not been declared to have been duly deposited by the chairman, shall be invalid.

 

23.4                         The instrument appointing a proxy may be in any usual or common form (or such other form as the Directors may approve) and may be expressed to be for a particular meeting or any adjournment thereof or generally until revoked. An instrument appointing a proxy shall be deemed to include the power to demand or join or concur in demanding a poll.

 

23.5                         Votes given in accordance with the terms of an instrument of proxy shall be valid notwithstanding the previous death or insanity of the principal or revocation of the proxy or of the authority under which the proxy was executed, or the transfer of the Share in respect of which the proxy is given unless notice in writing of such death, insanity, revocation or transfer was received by the Company at the Registered Office before the commencement of the general meeting, or adjourned meeting at which it is sought to use the proxy.

 

24                                   Corporate Members

 

24.1                         Any corporation or other non-natural person which is a Member may in accordance with its constitutional documents, or in the absence of such provision by resolution of its directors or other governing body, authorise such person as it thinks fit to act as its representative at any meeting of the Company or of any class of Members, and the person so authorised shall be entitled to exercise the same powers on behalf of the corporation which he represents as the corporation could exercise if it were an individual Member.

 

24.2                         If a clearing house (or its nominee(s)), being a corporation, is a Member, it may authorise such persons as it sees fit to act as its representative at any meeting of the Company or at any meeting of any class of Members provided that the authorisation shall specify the number and class of Shares in respect of which each such representative is so authorised. Each person so authorised under the provisions of this Article shall be deemed to have been duly authorised without further evidence of the facts and be entitled to exercise the same rights and powers on behalf of the clearing house (or its nominee(s)) as if such person was the registered holder of such Shares held by the clearing house (or its nominee(s)).

 

25                                   Shares that May Not be Voted

 

Shares in the Company that are beneficially owned by the Company shall not be voted, directly or indirectly, at any meeting and shall not be counted in determining the total number of outstanding Shares at any given time.

 

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26                                   Directors

 

26.1                         There shall be a board of Directors consisting of not less than one person provided however that the Company may by Ordinary Resolution increase or reduce the limits in the number of Directors.

 

26.2                         The Directors shall be divided into three classes: Class A, Class B and Class C. The number of Directors in each class shall be as nearly equal as possible. Upon the adoption of the Articles, the existing Directors shall by resolution classify themselves as Class A, Class B or Class C Directors. The Class A Directors shall stand elected for a term expiring at the Company’s first annual general meeting, the Class B Directors shall stand elected for a term expiring at the Company’s second annual general meeting and the Class C Directors shall stand elected for a term expiring at the Company’s third annual general meeting. Commencing at the Company’s first annual general meeting, and at each annual general meeting thereafter, Directors elected to succeed those Directors whose terms expire shall be elected for a term of office to expire at the third succeeding annual general meeting after their election. Except as the Statute or other applicable law may otherwise require, in the interim between annual general meetings or extraordinary general meetings called for the election of Directors and/or the removal of one or more Directors and the filling of any vacancy in that connection, additional Directors and any vacancies in the board of Directors, including unfilled vacancies resulting from the removal of Directors for cause, may be filled by the vote of a majority of the remaining Directors then in office, although less than a quorum (as defined in the Articles), or by the sole remaining Director. All Directors shall hold office until the expiration of their respective terms of office and until their successors shall have been elected and qualified. A Director elected to fill a vacancy resulting from the death, resignation or removal of a Director shall serve for the remainder of the full term of the Director whose death, resignation or removal shall have created such vacancy and until his successor shall have been elected and qualified.

 

27                                   Powers of Directors

 

27.1                         Subject to the provisions of the Statute, the Memorandum and the Articles and to any directions given by Special Resolution, the business of the Company shall be managed by the Directors who may exercise all the powers of the Company. No alteration of the Memorandum or Articles and no such direction shall invalidate any prior act of the Directors which would have been valid if that alteration had not been made or that direction had not been given. A duly convened meeting of Directors at which a quorum is present may exercise all powers exercisable by the Directors.

 

27.2                         All cheques, promissory notes, drafts, bills of exchange and other negotiable or transferable instruments and all receipts for monies paid to the Company shall be signed, drawn, accepted, endorsed or otherwise executed as the case may be in such manner as the Directors shall determine by resolution.

 

27.3                         The Directors on behalf of the Company may pay a gratuity or pension or allowance on retirement to any Director who has held any other salaried office or place of profit with the Company or to his widow or dependants and may make contributions to any fund and pay premiums for the purchase or provision of any such gratuity, pension or allowance.

 

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27.4                         The Directors may exercise all the powers of the Company to borrow money and to mortgage or charge its undertaking, property and assets (present and future) and uncalled capital or any part thereof and to issue debentures, debenture stock, mortgages, bonds and other such securities whether outright or as security for any debt, liability or obligation of the Company or of any third party.

 

28                                   Appointment and Removal of Directors

 

28.1                         The Company may by Ordinary Resolution appoint any person to be a Director or may by Ordinary Resolution remove any Director for Cause.

 

28.2                         The Directors may appoint any person to be a Director, either to fill a vacancy or as an additional Director provided that the appointment does not cause the number of Directors to exceed any number fixed by or in accordance with the Articles as the maximum number of Directors.

 

29                                   Vacation of Office of Director

 

The office of a Director shall be vacated if:

 

(a)                                  the Director gives notice in writing to the Company that he resigns the office of Director; or

 

(b)                                  the Director absents himself (for the avoidance of doubt, without being represented by proxy) from three consecutive meetings of the board of Directors without special leave of absence from the Directors, and the Directors pass a resolution that he has by reason of such absence vacated office; or

 

(c)                                   the Director dies, becomes bankrupt or makes any arrangement or composition with his creditors generally; or

 

(d)                                  the Director is found to be or becomes of unsound mind; or

 

(e)                                   all of the other Directors (being not less than three in number) determine that he should be removed as a Director for Cause, either by a resolution passed by all of the other Directors at a meeting of the Directors duly convened and held in accordance with the Articles or by a resolution in writing signed by all of the other Directors.

 

30                                   Proceedings of Directors

 

30.1                         The quorum for the transaction of the business of the Directors may be fixed by the Directors, and unless so fixed shall be three if there are three or more Directors, and shall be two if there are only two Directors and shall be one if there is only one Director.

 

30.2                         Subject to the provisions of the Articles, the Directors may regulate their proceedings as they think fit. Questions arising at any meeting shall be decided by a majority of votes. In the case of an equality of votes, the chairman shall have a second or casting vote.

 

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30.3                         A person may participate in a meeting of the Directors or any committee of Directors by conference telephone or other communications equipment by means of which all the persons participating in the meeting can communicate with each other at the same time. Participation by a person in a meeting in this manner is treated as presence in person at that meeting. Unless otherwise determined by the Directors, the meeting shall be deemed to be held at the place where the chairman is located at the start of the meeting.

 

30.4                         A resolution in writing (in one or more counterparts) signed by all the Directors or all the members of a committee of the Directors or, in the case of a resolution in writing relating to the removal of any Director or the vacation of office by any Director, all of the Directors other than the Director who is the subject of such resolution shall be as valid and effectual as if it had been passed at a meeting of the Directors, or committee of Directors as the case may be, duly convened and held.

 

30.5                         A Director may, or other officer of the Company on the direction of a Director shall, call a meeting of the Directors by at least two days’ notice in writing to every Director which notice shall set forth the general nature of the business to be considered unless notice is waived by all the Directors either at, before or after the meeting is held. To any such notice of a meeting of the Directors all the provisions of the Articles relating to the giving of notices by the Company to the Members shall apply mutatis mutandis.

 

30.6                         The continuing Directors (or a sole continuing Director, as the case may be) may act notwithstanding any vacancy in their body, but if and so long as their number is reduced below the number fixed by or pursuant to the Articles as the necessary quorum of Directors the continuing Directors or Director may act for the purpose of increasing the number of Directors to be equal to such fixed number, or of summoning a general meeting of the Company, but for no other purpose.

 

30.7                         The Directors may elect a chairman of their board and determine the period for which he is to hold office; but if no such chairman is elected, or if at any meeting the chairman is not present within five minutes after the time appointed for the meeting to commence, the Directors present may choose one of their number to be chairman of the meeting.

 

30.8                         All acts done by any meeting of the Directors or of a committee of the Directors shall, notwithstanding that it is afterwards discovered that there was some defect in the appointment of any Director, and/or that they or any of them were disqualified, and/or had vacated their office and/or were not entitled to vote, be as valid as if every such person had been duly appointed and/or not disqualified to be a Director and/or had not vacated their office and/or had been entitled to vote, as the case may be.

 

30.9                         A Director may be represented at any meetings of the board of Directors by a proxy appointed in writing by him. The proxy shall count towards the quorum and the vote of the proxy shall for all purposes be deemed to be that of the appointing Director.

 

31                                   Presumption of Assent

 

A Director who is present at a meeting of the board of Directors at which action on any Company matter is taken shall be presumed to have assented to the action taken unless his dissent shall be

 

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entered in the minutes of the meeting or unless he shall file his written dissent from such action with the person acting as the chairman or secretary of the meeting before the adjournment thereof or shall forward such dissent by registered post to such person immediately after the adjournment of the meeting. Such right to dissent shall not apply to a Director who voted in favour of such action.

 

32                                   Directors’ Interests

 

32.1                         A Director may hold any other office or place of profit under the Company (other than the office of Auditor) in conjunction with his office of Director for such period and on such terms as to remuneration and otherwise as the Directors may determine.

 

32.2                         A Director may act by himself or by, through or on behalf of his firm in a professional capacity (other than the office of Auditor) for the Company and he or his firm shall be entitled to remuneration for professional services as if he were not a Director.

 

32.3                         A Director may be or become a director or other officer of or otherwise interested in any company promoted by the Company or in which the Company may be interested as a shareholder, a contracting party or otherwise, and no such Director shall be accountable to the Company for any remuneration or other benefits received by him as a director or officer of, or from his interest in, such other company.

 

32.4                         No person shall be disqualified from the office of Director or prevented by such office from contracting with the Company, either as vendor, purchaser or otherwise, nor shall any such contract or any contract or transaction entered into by or on behalf of the Company in which any Director shall be in any way interested be or be liable to be avoided, nor shall any Director so contracting or being so interested be liable to account to the Company for any profit realised by or arising in connection with any such contract or transaction by reason of such Director holding office or of the fiduciary relationship thereby established. A Director shall be at liberty to vote in respect of any contract or transaction in which he is interested provided that the nature of the interest of any Director in any such contract or transaction shall be disclosed by him at or prior to its consideration and any vote thereon.

 

32.5                         A general notice that a Director is a shareholder, director, officer or employee of any specified firm or company and is to be regarded as interested in any transaction with such firm or company shall be sufficient disclosure for the purposes of voting on a resolution in respect of a contract or transaction in which he has an interest, and after such general notice it shall not be necessary to give special notice relating to any particular transaction.

 

33                                   Minutes

 

The Directors shall cause minutes to be made in books kept for the purpose of recording all appointments of officers made by the Directors, all proceedings at meetings of the Company or the holders of any class of Shares and of the Directors, and of committees of the Directors, including the names of the Directors present at each meeting.

 

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34                                   Delegation of Directors’ Powers

 

34.1                         The Directors may delegate any of their powers, authorities and discretions, including the power to sub-delegate, to any committee consisting of one or more Directors. Any such delegation may be made subject to any conditions the Directors may impose and either collaterally with or to the exclusion of their own powers and any such delegation may be revoked or altered by the Directors. Subject to any such conditions, the proceedings of a committee of Directors shall be governed by the Articles regulating the proceedings of Directors, so far as they are capable of applying.

 

34.2                         The Directors may establish any committees, local boards or agencies or appoint any person to be a manager or agent for managing the affairs of the Company and may appoint any person to be a member of such committees, local boards or agencies. Any such appointment may be made subject to any conditions the Directors may impose, and either collaterally with or to the exclusion of their own powers and any such appointment may be revoked or altered by the Directors. Subject to any such conditions, the proceedings of any such committee, local board or agency shall be governed by the Articles regulating the proceedings of Directors, so far as they are capable of applying.

 

34.3                         The Directors may by power of attorney or otherwise appoint any person to be the agent of the Company on such conditions as the Directors may determine, provided that the delegation is not to the exclusion of their own powers and may be revoked by the Directors at any time.

 

34.4                         The Directors may by power of attorney or otherwise appoint any company, firm, person or body of persons, whether nominated directly or indirectly by the Directors, to be the attorney or authorised signatory of the Company for such purpose and with such powers, authorities and discretions (not exceeding those vested in or exercisable by the Directors under the Articles) and for such period and subject to such conditions as they may think fit, and any such powers of attorney or other appointment may contain such provisions for the protection and convenience of persons dealing with any such attorneys or authorised signatories as the Directors may think fit and may also authorise any such attorney or authorised signatory to delegate all or any of the powers, authorities and discretions vested in him.

 

34.5                         The Directors may appoint such officers of the Company (including, for the avoidance of doubt and without limitation, any chairman of the board of Directors, chief executive officer, president, chief financial officer, vice-presidents, secretary, assistant secretary, treasurer or any other officers as may be determined by the Directors) as they consider necessary on such terms, at such remuneration and to perform such duties, and subject to such provisions as to disqualification and removal as the Directors may think fit. Unless otherwise specified in the terms of his appointment an officer of the Company may be removed by resolution of the Directors or Members by Ordinary Resolution. An officer of the Company may vacate his office at any time if he gives notice in writing to the Company that he resigns his office.

 

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35                                   No Minimum Shareholding

 

The Company in general meeting may fix a minimum shareholding required to be held by a Director, but unless and until such a shareholding qualification is fixed a Director is not required to hold Shares.

 

36                                   Remuneration of Directors

 

36.1                         The remuneration to be paid to the Directors, if any, shall be such remuneration as the Directors shall determine.  The Directors shall also be entitled to be paid all travelling, hotel and other expenses properly incurred by them in connection with their attendance at meetings of Directors or committees of Directors, or general meetings of the Company, or separate meetings of the holders of any class of Shares or debentures of the Company, or otherwise in connection with the business of the Company or the discharge of their duties as a Director, or to receive a fixed allowance in respect thereof as may be determined by the Directors, or a combination partly of one such method and partly the other.

 

36.2                         The Directors may by resolution approve additional remuneration to any Director for any services which in the opinion of the Directors go beyond his ordinary routine work as a Director.  Any fees paid to a Director who is also counsel, attorney or solicitor to the Company, or otherwise serves it in a professional capacity shall be in addition to his remuneration as a Director.

 

37                                   Seal

 

37.1                         The Company may, if the Directors so determine, have a Seal. The Seal shall only be used by the authority of the Directors or of a committee of the Directors authorised by the Directors. Every instrument to which the Seal has been affixed shall be signed by at least one person who shall be either a Director or some officer of the Company or other person appointed by the Directors for the purpose.

 

37.2                         The Company may have for use in any place or places outside the Cayman Islands a duplicate Seal or Seals each of which shall be a facsimile of the common Seal of the Company and, if the Directors so determine, with the addition on its face of the name of every place where it is to be used.

 

37.3                         A Director or officer, representative or attorney of the Company may without further authority of the Directors affix the Seal over his signature alone to any document of the Company required to be authenticated by him under seal or to be filed with the Registrar of Companies in the Cayman Islands or elsewhere wheresoever.

 

38                                   Dividends, Distributions and Reserve

 

38.1                         Subject to the Statute and this Article and except as otherwise provided by the rights attached to any Shares, the Directors may resolve to pay Dividends and other distributions on Shares in issue and authorise payment of the Dividends or other distributions out of the funds of the Company lawfully available therefor. A Dividend shall be deemed to be an interim Dividend unless the terms

 

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of the resolution pursuant to which the Directors resolve to pay such Dividend specifically state that such Dividend shall be a final Dividend. No Dividend or other distribution shall be paid except out of the realised or unrealised profits of the Company, out of the share premium account or as otherwise permitted by law.

 

38.2                         Except as otherwise provided by the rights attached to any Shares, all Dividends and other distributions shall be paid according to the par value of the Shares that a Member holds. If any Share is issued on terms providing that it shall rank for Dividend as from a particular date, that Share shall rank for Dividend accordingly.

 

38.3                         The Directors may deduct from any Dividend or other distribution payable to any Member all sums of money (if any) then payable by him to the Company on account of calls or otherwise.

 

38.4                         The Directors may resolve that any Dividend or other distribution be paid wholly or partly by the distribution of specific assets and in particular (but without limitation) by the distribution of shares, debentures, or securities of any other company or in any one or more of such ways and where any difficulty arises in regard to such distribution, the Directors may settle the same as they think expedient and in particular may issue fractional Shares and may fix the value for distribution of such specific assets or any part thereof and may determine that cash payments shall be made to any Members upon the basis of the value so fixed in order to adjust the rights of all Members and may vest any such specific assets in trustees in such manner as may seem expedient to the Directors.

 

38.5                         Except as otherwise provided by the rights attached to any Shares, Dividends and other distributions may be paid in any currency. The Directors may determine the basis of conversion for any currency conversions that may be required and how any costs involved are to be met.

 

38.6                         The Directors may, before resolving to pay any Dividend or other distribution, set aside such sums as they think proper as a reserve or reserves which shall, at the discretion of the Directors, be applicable for any purpose of the Company and pending such application may, at the discretion of the Directors, be employed in the business of the Company.

 

38.7                         Any Dividend, other distribution, interest or other monies payable in cash in respect of Shares may be paid by wire transfer to the holder or by cheque or warrant sent through the post directed to the registered address of the holder or, in the case of joint holders, to the registered address of the holder who is first named on the Register of Members or to such person and to such address as such holder or joint holders may in writing direct. Every such cheque or warrant shall be made payable to the order of the person to whom it is sent. Any one of two or more joint holders may give effectual receipts for any Dividends, other distributions, bonuses, or other monies payable in respect of the Share held by them as joint holders.

 

38.8                         No Dividend or other distribution shall bear interest against the Company.

 

38.9                         Any Dividend or other distribution which cannot be paid to a Member and/or which remains unclaimed after six months from the date on which such Dividend or other distribution becomes

 

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payable may, in the discretion of the Directors, be paid into a separate account in the Company’s name, provided that the Company shall not be constituted as a trustee in respect of that account and the Dividend or other distribution shall remain as a debt due to the Member. Any Dividend or other distribution which remains unclaimed after a period of six years from the date on which such Dividend or other distribution becomes payable shall be forfeited and shall revert to the Company.

 

39                                   Capitalisation

 

The Directors may at any time capitalise any sum standing to the credit of any of the Company’s reserve accounts or funds (including the share premium account and capital redemption reserve fund) or any sum standing to the credit of the profit and loss account or otherwise available for distribution; appropriate such sum to Members in the proportions in which such sum would have been divisible amongst such Members had the same been a distribution of profits by way of Dividend or other distribution; and apply such sum on their behalf in paying up in full unissued Shares for allotment and distribution credited as fully paid-up to and amongst them in the proportion aforesaid. In such event the Directors shall do all acts and things required to give effect to such capitalisation, with full power given to the Directors to make such provisions as they think fit in the case of Shares becoming distributable in fractions (including provisions whereby the benefit of fractional entitlements accrue to the Company rather than to the Members concerned). The Directors may authorise any person to enter on behalf of all of the Members interested into an agreement with the Company providing for such capitalisation and matters incidental or relating thereto and any agreement made under such authority shall be effective and binding on all such Members and the Company.

 

40                                   Books of Account

 

40.1                         The Directors shall cause proper books of account (including, where applicable, material underlying documentation including contracts and invoices) to be kept with respect to all sums of money received and expended by the Company and the matters in respect of which the receipt or expenditure takes place, all sales and purchases of goods by the Company and the assets and liabilities of the Company. Such books of account must be retained for a minimum period of five years from the date on which they are prepared. Proper books shall not be deemed to be kept if there are not kept such books of account as are necessary to give a true and fair view of the state of the Company’s affairs and to explain its transactions.

 

40.2                         The Directors shall determine whether and to what extent and at what times and places and under what conditions or regulations the accounts and books of the Company or any of them shall be open to the inspection of Members not being Directors and no Member (not being a Director) shall have any right of inspecting any account or book or document of the Company except as conferred by Statute or authorised by the Directors or by the Company in general meeting.

 

40.3                         The Directors may cause to be prepared and to be laid before the Company in general meeting profit and loss accounts, balance sheets, group accounts (if any) and such other reports and accounts as may be required by law.

 

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41                                   Audit

 

41.1                         The Directors may appoint an Auditor of the Company who shall hold office on such terms as the Directors determine.

 

41.2                         Without prejudice to the freedom of the Directors to establish any other committee, if the Shares (or depositary receipts therefor) are listed or quoted on the Designated Stock Exchange, and if required by the Designated Stock Exchange, the Directors shall establish and maintain an Audit Committee as a committee of the Directors and shall adopt a formal written Audit Committee charter and review and assess the adequacy of the formal written charter on an annual basis. The composition and responsibilities of the Audit Committee shall comply with the rules and regulations of the SEC and the Designated Stock Exchange. The Audit Committee shall meet at least once every financial quarter, or more frequently as circumstances dictate.

 

41.3                         If the Shares (or depositary receipts therefor) are listed or quoted on the Designated Stock Exchange, the Company shall conduct an appropriate review of all related party transactions on an ongoing basis and shall utilise the Audit Committee for the review and approval of potential conflicts of interest.

 

41.4                         The remuneration of the Auditor shall be fixed by the Audit Committee (if one exists).

 

41.5                         If the office of Auditor becomes vacant by resignation or death of the Auditor, or by his becoming incapable of acting by reason of illness or other disability at a time when his services are required, the Directors shall fill the vacancy and determine the remuneration of such Auditor.

 

41.6                         Every Auditor of the Company shall have a right of access at all times to the books and accounts and vouchers of the Company and shall be entitled to require from the Directors and officers of the Company such information and explanation as may be necessary for the performance of the duties of the Auditor.

 

41.7                         Auditors shall, if so required by the Directors, make a report on the accounts of the Company during their tenure of office at the next annual general meeting following their appointment in the case of a company which is registered with the Registrar of Companies as an ordinary company, and at the next extraordinary general meeting following their appointment in the case of a company which is registered with the Registrar of Companies as an exempted company, and at any other time during their term of office, upon request of the Directors or any general meeting of the Members.

 

42                                   Notices

 

42.1                         Notices shall be in writing and may be given by the Company to any Member either personally or by sending it by courier, post, cable, telex, fax or e-mail to him or to his address as shown in the Register of Members (or where the notice is given by e-mail by sending it to the e-mail address provided by such Member). Notice may also be served in accordance with the requirements of the Designated Stock Exchange.

 

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42.2                         Where a notice is sent by courier, service of the notice shall be deemed to be effected by delivery of the notice to a courier company, and shall be deemed to have been received on the third day (not including Saturdays or Sundays or public holidays) following the day on which the notice was delivered to the courier. Where a notice is sent by post, service of the notice shall be deemed to be effected by properly addressing, pre paying and posting a letter containing the notice, and shall be deemed to have been received on the fifth day (not including Saturdays or Sundays or public holidays in the Cayman Islands) following the day on which the notice was posted. Where a notice is sent by cable, telex or fax, service of the notice shall be deemed to be effected by properly addressing and sending such notice and shall be deemed to have been received on the same day that it was transmitted. Where a notice is given by e-mail service shall be deemed to be effected by transmitting the e-mail to the e-mail address provided by the intended recipient and shall be deemed to have been received on the same day that it was sent, and it shall not be necessary for the receipt of the e-mail to be acknowledged by the recipient.

 

42.3                         A notice may be given by the Company to the person or persons which the Company has been advised are entitled to a Share or Shares in consequence of the death or bankruptcy of a Member in the same manner as other notices which are required to be given under the Articles and shall be addressed to them by name, or by the title of representatives of the deceased, or trustee of the bankrupt, or by any like description at the address supplied for that purpose by the persons claiming to be so entitled, or at the option of the Company by giving the notice in any manner in which the same might have been given if the death or bankruptcy had not occurred.

 

42.4                         Notice of every general meeting shall be given in any manner authorised by the Articles to every holder of Shares carrying an entitlement to receive such notice on the record date for such meeting except that in the case of joint holders the notice shall be sufficient if given to the joint holder first named in the Register of Members and every person upon whom the ownership of a Share devolves by reason of his being a legal personal representative or a trustee in bankruptcy of a Member where the Member but for his death or bankruptcy would be entitled to receive notice of the meeting, and no other person shall be entitled to receive notices of general meetings.

 

43                                   Winding Up

 

43.1                         If the Company shall be wound up, the liquidator shall apply the assets of the Company in satisfaction of creditors’ claims in such manner and order as such liquidator thinks fit. Subject to the rights attaching to any Shares, in a winding up:

 

(a)                                  if the assets available for distribution amongst the Members shall be insufficient to repay the whole of the Company’s issued share capital, such assets shall be distributed so that, as nearly as may be, the losses shall be borne by the Members in proportion to the par value of the Shares held by them; or

 

(b)                                  if the assets available for distribution amongst the Members shall be more than sufficient to repay the whole of the Company’s issued share capital at the commencement of the winding up, the surplus shall be distributed amongst the Members in proportion to the par value of the Shares held by them at the commencement of the winding up subject to a

 

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deduction from those Shares in respect of which there are monies due, of all monies payable to the Company for unpaid calls or otherwise.

 

43.2                         If the Company shall be wound up the liquidator may, subject to the rights attaching to any Shares and with the approval of a Special Resolution of the Company and any other approval required by the Statute, divide amongst the Members in kind the whole or any part of the assets of the Company (whether such assets shall consist of property of the same kind or not) and may for that purpose value any assets and determine how the division shall be carried out as between the Members or different classes of Members. The liquidator may, with the like approval, vest the whole or any part of such assets in trustees upon such trusts for the benefit of the Members as the liquidator, with the like approval, shall think fit, but so that no Member shall be compelled to accept any asset upon which there is a liability.

 

44                                   Indemnity and Insurance

 

44.1                         Every Director and officer of the Company (which for the avoidance of doubt, shall not include auditors of the Company), together with every former Director and former officer of the Company (each an “ Indemnified Person ”) shall be indemnified out of the assets of the Company against any liability, action, proceeding, claim, demand, costs, damages or expenses, including legal expenses, whatsoever which they or any of them may incur as a result of any act or failure to act in carrying out their functions other than such liability (if any) that they may incur by reason of their own actual fraud or wilful default. No Indemnified Person shall be liable to the Company for any loss or damage incurred by the Company as a result (whether direct or indirect) of the carrying out of their functions unless that liability arises through the actual fraud or wilful default of such Indemnified Person. No person shall be found to have committed actual fraud or wilful default under this Article unless or until a court of competent jurisdiction shall have made a finding to that effect.

 

44.2                         The Company shall advance to each Indemnified Person reasonable attorneys’ fees and other costs and expenses incurred in connection with the defence of any action, suit, proceeding or investigation involving such Indemnified Person for which indemnity will or could be sought. In connection with any advance of any expenses hereunder, the Indemnified Person shall execute an undertaking to repay the advanced amount to the Company if it shall be determined by final judgment or other final adjudication that such Indemnified Person was not entitled to indemnification pursuant to this Article. If it shall be determined by a final judgment or other final adjudication that such Indemnified Person was not entitled to indemnification with respect to such judgment, costs or expenses, then such party shall not be indemnified with respect to such judgment, costs or expenses and any advancement shall be returned to the Company (without interest) by the Indemnified Person.

 

44.3                         The Directors, on behalf of the Company, may purchase and maintain insurance for the benefit of any Director or other officer of the Company against any liability which, by virtue of any rule of law, would otherwise attach to such person in respect of any negligence, default, breach of duty or breach of trust of which such person may be guilty in relation to the Company.

 

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45                                   Financial Year

 

Unless the Directors otherwise prescribe, the financial year of the Company shall end on 31st December in each year and shall begin on 1st January in each year.

 

46                                   Transfer by Way of Continuation

 

If the Company is exempted as defined in the Statute, it shall, subject to the provisions of the Statute and with the approval of a Special Resolution, have the power to register by way of continuation as a body corporate under the laws of any jurisdiction outside the Cayman Islands and to be deregistered in the Cayman Islands.

 

47                                   Mergers and Consolidations

 

The Company shall have the power to merge or consolidate with one or more other constituent companies (as defined in the Statute) upon such terms as the Directors may determine and (to the extent required by the Statute) with the approval of a Special Resolution.

 

30


Exhibit 1.2

 

MC-329214

 

Certificate of Incorporation on Change of Name

 

I DO HEREBY CERTIFY that

 

Union Acquisition Corp.

 

having by Special resolution dated 27th day of February Two Thousand Nineteen changed its name, is now incorporated under name of

 

Bioceres Crop Solutions Corp.

 

Given under my hand and Seal at George Town in the Island of Grand Cayman this 28th day of February Two Thousand Nineteen

 

An Authorised Officer,

Registry of Companies,

Cayman Islands.

 

 

 

Authorisation Code : 828247314168

 

 

 

 

www.verify.gov.ky

 

 

 

 

01 March 2019

 

 

 


Exhibit 2.1

 

[ENGLISH TRANSLATION]

 

CERTAIN CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS AGREEMENT AND THE SCHEDULES HERETO MARKED BY *** HAS BEEN OMITTED AND FILED SEPARATELY WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION PURSUANT TO RULE 406 OF THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED.

 


 

SYNDICATED LOAN AGREEMENT

COMMERCIAL PORTFOLIO

 


 

Entered by and between

 

RIZOBACTER ARGENTINA S.A.

the Borrower,

 

BANCO DE GALICIA Y BUENOS AIRES S.A.

the Organizer, Administrative Agent and Bank

 

and

 

BANCO SANTANDER RÍO S.A.,

BANCO HIPOTECARIO S.A., and

BANCO MARIVA S.A.

the Banks

 

15   March, 2017

 


 

SYNDICATED LOAN AGREEMENT

 

This Syndicated Loan Agreement (the “ Agreement ”) is entered into in San Isidro , province of Buenos Aires , Argentine Republic, on 15   March , 2017, by and between:

 

A.                                     Rizobacter Argentina S.A. (the “ Borrower ” or “ Rizobacter ”), as borrower, domiciled at Avenida Dr. Arturo Frondizi Nº 1150, Calle N° 1 - Parque Industrial, Pergamino , Provincia de Buenos Aires, República Argentina;

 

B.                                     the financial institutions that sign this agreement and that are listed in the list of Banks, attached as Exhibit A and forming an integral part of the Agreement hereof.   The aforementioned Exhibit A contains the proof of the Pro Rata Share committed by each of the Banks under the Loan, subject to its terms and conditions; and

 

C.                                     Banco de Galicia y Buenos Aires S.A., as Organizer and Administrative Agent, domiciled in Avenida Julio A. Roca 498, Pergamino , Provincia de Buenos Aires, República Argentina.

 

RECITALS:

 

(1)                                  The Borrower requested from the Banks (as such term is defined below) the granting of financial aid for up to forty-five million American dollars (US$45.000.000), which shall be used exclusively to fund working capital and refinance the liabilities of the Borrower.

 

(2)                                  Before entering into this Agreement, the Borrower made a detailed analysis of the conditions offered by the Banks and other leading financial institutions in the country to obtain the Loan (as such term is defined below), and opted for the proposal made by the Banks given the more convenient financial conditions, interest rates and costs offered by the Banks in comparison with the other institutions for the purposes intended by the Borrower.

 

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(3)                                  The Banks wish to grant the Loan to the Borrower for the Borrower to be able to comply with the objective mentioned in Recitals (1), subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement.

 

(4)                                  In order to ensure full compliance with all and every obligation undertaken by the Borrower under the Agreement and pursuant to the Loan, the Borrower entered into the Assignment of Collateral and Pledge Agreement (as such term is defined below) and shall give the Pledge of Fixed Term Certificates (as such term is defined below) and the Guarantor shall give the Deposit (as such terms are defined below) in favor of the Banks.

 

NOW THEREFORE , pursuant to the valuable consideration agreed hereto, the Parties hereby agree:

 

I

DEFINITIONS

 

1.01.       Definitions

 

All the terms defined in this Agreement shall have the meaning given hereafter or given expressly throughout the Agreement.

 

Acceleration ” shall have the meaning given in XL .

 

Administrative Agent ” is Banco Galicia, or the Person appointed in the future to fulfill such role pursuant to  Section   XVI , who shall also make the calculation of the applicable interest rate and the amount of the Compensatory Interests and Penalty Interests payable, if applicable.

 

3


 

Auditor ” is Price Waterhouse & Co. S.R.L., KPMG Internacional, Deloitte & Co. S.R.L. Ernst & Young Argentina or Becher y Asociados S.R.L., who the Borrower shall appoint from time to time as external auditors. In the event that the Borrower intended to appoint an auditing firm different from the firms previously listed, the Borrower shall request the Majority of Banks approval to appoint such new firm.

 

Banco Galicia ” is Banco de Galicia y Buenos Aires S.A.

 

Required Bank ” has the meaning given in 5.03 .

 

Additional Bank ” or “ Additional Banks ” are, as applicable, one or more well-established financial institutions who shall be able to participate in the Loan upon accepting an Offer of Participation.

 

Banks ” are the financial institutions listed in  Exhibit A , as well as the permitted assignees or successors who shall be incorporated to this Agreement in the future according to  Section   XV .

 

Other Banks ” has the meaning given in  2.02 .

 

BCRA ” is Banco Central de la República Argentina.

 

Bioceres ” is Bioceres S.A.

 

4


 

Material Adverse Change ” means any of the following circumstances in reasonable judgment of the Majority of Banks: a) an unfavorable material change in the economic, commercial or financial situation of the Borrower; or (b) an event that would make the Borrower not able to fulfill or comply with its obligations under this Agreement or any of the other Documents of the Transaction; or (c) a material modification in the economic, commercial or financial situation or the prospects of the Borrower; or (d) a change in the tax law and regulations of the Argentine Republic that could substantially affect the Borrower’s ability to pay under this Agreement; or (e) a fact that would generate substantial variations in the conditions of the local or international, financial, capital or stock markets, or in the applicable law or regulations; or (f) a change that substantially affects the normal development of the operations or that prevents the Borrower from complying with the corporate purpose; or (g) an event that could negatively affect the Collateral Assignment of Rights according to the Assignment of Collateral and Pledge Agreement or the Fixed Term Certificates pursuant to the Pledge of Fixed Term Certificates.

 

Change of Control ” means that Bioceres, whether by transfer, encumbrance, shareholders’ agreement, shares syndication agreement or any other way, or as a result of any event or operation: (i) reduces, for whatever cause or concept, its share ownership in the capital stock and votes of the Borrower so that it no longer owns, directly or indirectly, at least fifty point zero one percent (50,01%) of the capital stock and votes of the Borrower, or (ii) loses the power to, directly or indirectly, appoint or dismiss the majority of the members of the administrative body of the Borrower, or to manage or administrate the business, affairs and policies of the Borrower.

 

Capital ” is the amount of capital/ principal pursuant to the Loan, equal to twenty two million American dollars (US$22.000.000), which may be complemented by the Participation of Additional Banks (in the terms in  Section   2.06 ), and which may reach the amount of up to forty-five million American dollars (US$ 45.000.000).

 

Fixed Term Certificates ” has the meaning given to such term in the Pledge Agreement.

 

Assignment of Collateral ” is the assignment of collateral, in the terms of the article 1.615 of the Civil and Commercial Code, pursuant to the Assignment of Collateral and Pledge Agreement, by virtue of which the Borrower made the Assignment of Rights to the Administrative Agent and in favor of every Bank, pursuant to their respective Pro Rata Share.

 

5


 

CNV/ NSC ” is the National Securities Commission.

 

Prepayment penalty ” has the meaning given in  5.04 .

 

Conditions precedent ” are the conditions precedent to the disbursement of the Loan established in VIII .

 

Agreement ” is this Agreement and all its amendments and complementary agreements.

 

Assignment of Collateral and Pledge Agreement ” is the assignment of collateral and pledge agreement, entered into together with this Agreement, between Rizobacter, as assignor and pledgor, the Administrative Agent, as agent of the collateral in favor of the Banks, and the Banks, as assignees and pledgees, as collateral of the Borrower’s obligations under this Agreement and other Documents of the Transaction, and whose text is attached in a copy as Exhibit F .

 

Pledge Agreement ” is the pledge agreement of Fixed Term Certificates, entered into together with this Agreement, between the Borrower, as a pledgor, the Administrative Agent and the Banks, as pledgees, whose text is attached in a copy as  Exhibit H .

 

Dollar Checking Account of the Borrower ” is the American dollar checking account Number ***, owned by the Borrower in Banco Galicia.

 

Pesos Checking Account of the Borrower ” is the Pesos checking account Number  ***, owned by the Borrower in Banco Galicia.

 


*** Certain information on this page has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.

 

6


 

Account of the Administrative Agent ” is the American dollar checking account number  *** , owned by the Administrative Agent in BCRA.

 

Checking Account of the Banks ” are (i) for Banco Galicia, the Account of the Administrative Agent; (ii) for Santander Río, the American Dollar checking account Number ***, owned by Santander Río in BCRA; (iii) for Hipotecario, the American Dollar checking account Number ***, owned by Hipotecario in BCRA; (iv) for Mariva, the American Dollar checking account Number ***, owned by Mariva in BCRA; and (v) for any Additional Bank, the American Dollar checking account that said Additional Bank owns in BCRA and notifies the Administrative Agent in writing at the appropriate time.

 

Accounts of the Assignment of Collateral ” are the banking accounts opened in Banco Galicia pursuant to the Assignment of Collateral and Pledge Agreement.

 

Assignment of Rights ” has the meaning given to such term in the Assignment of Collateral and Pledge Agreement.

 

Business day ” is a day in which the financial institutions are obliged or authorized to operate in the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Argentina.

 

Disposal of assets ” means any sales operation, disposal, assignment as property, assignment as trust, transfer, or alienation of any kind, whether in a transaction or a series of transactions, of (i) a substantial portion or all assets, goods or rights, present or future, of the Borrower, a substantial portion being *** of the total amount of the assets, goods, or rights of the Borrower based on the total amount of the assets planned in the most recent Financial Statement, and except for the alienation of the vehicles of the Borrower according to the process of annual replacement that the Borrower makes; or (ii) any asset, good or right that were essential to the normal operation of the business of the Borrower; in both cases, without prior notice and written consent of the Majority of  Banks.

 


*** Certain information on this page has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.

 

7


 

Documents of the Transaction ” are the Agreement and all its Exhibits, Promissory Notes, the Assignment of Collateral and Pledge Agreement, the Deposit, the Pledge Agreement, the Offer of Participation and any accessory document to such offer, if applicable.

 

American Dollars ” or “ US $” is the legal tender in the Unites States of America to cancel public and private debts.

 

Financial Statements ” are the Annual and Quarterly Financial Statements.

 

Annual Financial Statements ” are the consolidated annual financial statements of the Borrower made by the Borrower at the closing of each fiscal year pursuant to its bylaws, together with its notes and exhibits, according to the GAAP, and audited by the Auditor of the Borrower, pursuant to the auditing procedures generally accepted in the Argentine Republic.

 

Quarterly financial statements ” are the consolidated quarterly financial statements of the Borrower made by the Borrower at the closing of each interim period pursuant to its bylaws, together with its notes and exhibits, according to the GAAP and revised on a limited basis by the Auditor of the Borrower, pursuant to the auditing procedures generally accepted in the Argentine Republic.

 

Date of First Disbursement ” is the day in which the Banks shall collect the first disbursement of the Loan, according to the provisions in  2.05 and 4.01 . The disbursement shall be made on the same day as this Agreement is entered into, pursuant to the fulfillment of all the Conditions Precedent at the discretion of the Banks, or the business day after the Agreement is entered into, according to the provisions in  4.01  of this Agreement.

 

Date of Second Disbursement ” is the date corresponding to or before 15 April, 2017 in which the second disbursement of the Loan shall be made, according to the provisions in  2.06 .

 

8


 

Interest Determination Date ” means the first business day immediately previous to the beginning of the corresponding Interest Period.

 

Dates of Disbursement ” are collectively the Dates of the First and Second Disbursements.

 

Capital Maturity Dates ” are the dates in which the Borrower shall repay the capital, as established in  5.01 .

 

Guarantor ” is Bioceres.

 

Deposit ” is the deposit to be granted by the Guarantor, simultaneously upon entering into this Agreement, in favor of the Banks and the Administrative Agent, as collateral of the obligations of the Borrower under this Agreement and the Documents of the Transaction, and whose model is attached as  Exhibit G .

 

Funds ” has the meaning given to such term in the Assignment of Collateral and Pledge Agreement.

 

Collaterals ” are the Assignment of Collateral, the Pledge of Funds, the Deposit and the Pledge of the Fixed Term Certificates.

 

Encumbrance/ Lien ” means any mortgage, use, usufruct, deposit agreement, lien, antichresis, serving staff, right of way, charges, pledge, imposition, fiduciary assignment as collateral, lease-purchase, right in rem granting, and any other way of encumbrance, collateral, preferential agreement or other agreement intended to generate a security interest regarding any of the present or future assets, goods or rights of the Borrower.

 

9


 

Government Fact ” has the meaning given in  XVIII .

 

Hipotecario ” is Banco Hipotecario S.A.

 

Compensatory Interests ” are the compensatory interests payable by the Borrower under the Loan according to VI  and amendments.

 

Penalty interests ” are the penalty interests payable by the Borrower under the Loan according to 6.04  and amendments.

 

Just cause ” means, pursuant to this Agreement, to the Administrative Agent, any of the following situations: (a) a breach of any of the material charges, duties, agreements, responsibilities or obligations arising from, related to, or connected with this Agreement and not rectified within *** business days after receiving written notice from the Banks; or (b) if the Administrative Agent breaches any directive or material instruction given by the Bank in writing pursuant to the regulations of this Agreement and not rectified within *** business days after receiving the corresponding written notice from the Banks.

 

Mariva ” is Banco Mariva S.A.

 

Majority of Banks ” has the meaning given in  17.01 .

 

Free Foreign Exchange Market  means the free foreign exchange market established by National Decree No. 260/02, regulated by resolutions of the Ministry of Treasury and Public Finance and communications of the BCRA, and its subsequent modifications, regulations and complementary resolutions implemented from time to time.

 


*** Certain information on this page has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.

 

10


 

 

 

Required amount ” has the meaning given in  5.03 .

 

Credit Policy Rules ” means the rules of the credit policies and the application of the capacity of deposit loans in foreign currency (according to the Communication “A” 5.908, and subsequent modifications or complementary resolutions) of the BCRA.

 

Organizer ” is Banco Galicia.

 

Offer of Participation ” has the meaning given in  2.06 .

 

Promissory Notes ” means (i) the demand promissory note issued in favor of Banco Galicia for ten million American Dollars (US$10.000.000) , (ii) a demand promissory note, issued in favor of Santander Río for five million American Dollars ( US$5.000.000 ), (iii) the demand promissory note, issued in favor of Hipotecario for five million American Dollars ( US$5.000.000 ), (iv) the demand promissory note, issued in favor of Mariva for two million American Dollars ( US$2.000.000 ); in all the aforementioned cases, issued by the Borrower on the date of the first disbursement to guarantee that the Borrower pays in due time the amounts due to Banco Galicia, Santander Río, Hipotecario and Mariva, respectively, pursuant to the first disbursement of the Loan; and, additionally, (v) the demand promissory notes to be issued in favor of each Additional Bank for up to the combined sum of twenty-three million American Dollars ( US$23.000.000 ), to be issued by the Borrower on the date of the second disbursement to guarantee that the Borrower pays in due time the amounts due to each Additional Bank pursuant to the second disbursement of the Loan.  All the aforementioned promissory notes shall be issued by the Borrower and be signed jointly with the Guarantor according to Decree-Law No. 5965/63 and with the provisions in Exhibit B, pursuant to the provisions in 4.04.

 

Party ” is the Banks, the Organizer, the Administrative Agent or the Borrower, as applicable.

 

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Party Eligible for Compensation ” has the meaning given in  16.18 .

 

Parties ” are, collectively, the Banks, the Organizer, the Administrative Agent and the Borrower.

 

Additional Participation ” has the meaning given in  2.06 .

 

Pro Rata Share/ Proportional Participation ” is the pro rata share of each of the Banks in the Loan, calculated pursuant to the pro rata share of each of them in (A) after at least one or both disbursements occurred under the Agreement: (i) the capital is disbursed and payable and (ii) the Compensatory Interests and the possible Punitory Interests, are payable by the Borrower, or (B) no disbursement occurred under the Agreement pursuant to the provisions in Exhibit A .

 

GAAP ” are the generally accepted accounting principles applicable in the Argentine Republic (including the International Financial Reporting Standards or “IFRS” while the Borrower is subject to the system of public offering in Argentina and shall abide by the rules of the CNV/NSC).

 

Period of interests ” means, for the Loan, (i) initially, the period of three calendar months beginning on the date of the first disbursement (including that day for calculation) and ending the same day number of the subsequent third month (it shall be excluded to calculate the last day of said period of interest); and (ii) henceforth, each period of three calendar months commencing on the last day of the immediately preceding Interest Period (including that day for calculation) and ending the same day number of the subsequent third month (excluding the last day of said Interest Period for calculation); the former, subject to any Interest Period which for any reason could be extended beyond any Capital Maturity Date, shall terminate on such Capital Maturity Date. Each Period of Interests is listed in the schedule in Exhibit C .

 

Person ” means any human or legal person, company or association, joint venture, temporary joint venture, association for cooperation, firm, corporation, association, trust, foundation, entity, organization without legal status or any government or political subdivision or any administrative agency.

 

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Pesos ” or “ $ ” is the legal tender in the Argentine Republic.

 

Pledge of Fixed Term Certificates ” means the in rem right of pledge constituted on the Fixed Term Certificates and implemented under the Pledge Agreement.

 

Pledge of Funds ” means the in rem right of pledge constituted on the Funds in the Integrated Collecting Account and in the Checking Account of Rizobacter (as said terms are defined in the Assignment of Collateral and Pledge Agreement) and implemented under the Assignment of Collateral and Pledge Agreement.

 

Loan ” is the lending facility granted by the Banks in favor of the Borrower pursuant to this Agreement.

 

Borrower ” has the meaning given at the top of the document.

 

Compensable Claim ” has the meaning given in  16.16 .

 

Rizobacter ” has the meaning given at the top of the document.

 

Santander Río ” is Banco Santander Río S.A.

 

Events of breach ” has the meaning given in  XI .

 

UIF / FIU ” means the Financial Information Unit.

 

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1.02. Interpretation

 

In this Agreement, unless otherwise required:

 

(a)  Titles are included for reference purposes and shall not affect the interpretation hereof;

 

(b)  Words used in singular shall include the plural and vice versa;

 

(c)  Except as expressly stated otherwise, any reference to a Clause, Section, Paragraph, Subsection or Exhibit, shall be a reference to a clause, section, paragraph, subsection or exhibit of this Agreement;

 

(d)  Any reference to a document shall include any modification, supplement, amendment or substitute instrument of the document;

 

(e)  All references to any law or regulation shall be to such law or regulation with its modifications as of the date hereof and shall include all the subsequent modifications as of the date hereof.

 

(f)  Any reference to any part of the document shall also include its permitted successors and assigns;

 

(g)  The term “including” means “including, without limitation”;

 

(h)  No interpretation rule shall be applied to the detriment of a Party, for the very reason that such Party was responsible for the preparation of this Agreement;

 

(i)   Determinations and Accounting Terms . All terms of accounting nature shall be interpreted according to GAAP, and all determinations of accounting or financial nature shall be conducted according to such principles;   providing that such norms shall be consistently applied to the Annual Financial Statements of the Borrower, as appropriate, more recent to the date hereof (except that changes are exclusively caused by changes in the GAAP after the date hereof); and

 

(j)   Items Calculation in Foreign Currency . Except as expressly stated otherwise, (a) any amount regarding assets in this Agreement expressed in foreign currency shall be converted to Pesos in accordance with the buy exchange rate published by Banco de la Nación Argentina corresponding to the day or to the determination period  at issue, as appropriate; (b) any amount regarding liabilities hereof expressed in foreign currency shall be converted to Pesos in accordance with the buy exchange rate published by Banco de la Nación Argentina corresponding to the day or to the determination period  at issue, as appropriate; or (c) in the absence or lack of information of both or any exchange rate mentioned in (a) and (b) above, any amount corresponding to assets or liabilities hereof expressed in foreign currency shall be converted to Pesos in accordance with the substitute exchange rate to which legal tender status is granted to the payments relating to the financial debt service in foreign currency in Argentina.

 

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II

GRANTING OF THE LOAN

 

2.01.       The Borrower requests, and Banks grant, subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, a Loan of a Capital of twenty two million US dollars (US$22.000.000), which may be extended subject to the terms and conditions referred to in 2.06 on the occasion of the potential involvement of any Additional Bank, for up to a total maximum amount of Capital of forty five million US dollars (US$45.000.000).

 

2.02.       The Proportional Share committed by each of the Banks in the granting of the Loan is set out in Exhibit A . All obligations incurred by the Banks with regard to Borrower under the Agreement are joint and, consequently, the Banks assume no obligation or liability, expressed or implied, regarding the obligations or liabilities incurred by any other Bank under the Agreement (including, without limitation, regarding the potential accession of Additional Banks, under the terms of 2.06 ). In case any Bank fails to meet the disbursement obligations undertaken hereof, the other Banks (the “Remaining Banks”) shall independently have, as a replacement, the right but not the obligation to disburse the pertaining funds in the same terms and conditions provided herein for the Bank that has not disbursed the funds involved, proportionally to its corresponding Proportional Participation, or in any other appropriate way agreed upon by the Remaining Banks. Each Bank shall be a creditor of the Borrower for the disbursement effectively performed.

 

2.03.       The Capital committed by the Banks under the Loan shall be disbursed in one or two disbursements (as applicable, in case Additional Banks participate) in favor of the Borrower subject to compliance with all the Preceding Conditions, all of these in the terms of 4.01 . Such disbursements of funds shall be effective, as applicable, on the Disbursement Dates.

 

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2.04. The Present Agreement shall imply for the Borrower the irrevocable and unconditional commitment to take out a loan for the amount to be disbursed by the Banks of up to forty five million US dollars (US$45.000.000), and this shall imply for the Banks the obligation to deliver to the Borrower their Proportional Participation as a loan for said amount, through a disbursement on the pertaining Disbursement Dates, subject to prior compliance with the Preceding Conditions (and, in the case of Additional Participation, also subject to prior acceptance of the Offer of Participation). Additionally, Promissory Notes released in favor of the Bank(s) that has not complied with their disbursement obligation shall have no effect and shall be immediately returned to the Borrower.

 

2.05. The Borrower irrevocably requests the disbursement of the Loan on the corresponding Disbursement Dates by signing  the present Agreement (and, in the case of Additional Participation, also subject to the prior issue of the Offer of Participation), and no additional documentation shall be required for said disbursements.

 

2.06. The Parties hereby agree that, as of the First Disbursement Date, any Additional Bank may participate in the loan through the granting and disbursement of the capital amount of up to twenty three million US dollars (US$23.000.000) as established in Exhibit A (“Additional Participation”). For clarification purposes, the amount of the Additional Participations that each Additional Bank disburses shall not exceed in total a maximum amount of up to twenty three million US dollars (US$23.000.000).

 

Under this Agreement:

 

(a)           as of the granting and disbursement of the Additional Participation, each Bank shall be considered Bank for all purposes under this Agreement;

 

(b)           as of the granting and disbursement of the Additional Participation, the Additional Participation of each Additional Bank shall be considered as a Proportional Participation of a Bank for all purposes under this Agreement; and

 

(c)           all terms and conditions hereof shall be applicable to each Additional Bank as Bank in the Loan, except for those specific provisions regarding each Additional Bank and the Additional Participation expressly included in this Agreement.

 

In order to be incorporated into this present Agreement and into the other Documents of the Transaction, and to participate in the Loan, any Additional Bank shall accept, if deemed satisfactory, an offer of participation in the Loan (the “ Offer of Participation ”) that the Borrower and the Administrative Agent (having the consent hereby of the Banks in respect thereof) shall extend to such Additional Bank on terms substantially similar to those established in Exhibit I . If such Offer of Participation was not accepted by the Additional Bank in due time and in the manner mentioned in Exhibit I ,   it shall automatically expire and nothing shall be claimed to the Parties hereto.

 

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2.07.       If on the Second Disbursement Date: (i) Additional Participations were not granted and disbursed, or (ii) the total amount of the granted and disbursed Additional Participations, added to the total amount of the Loan disbursements that had occurred on the First Disbursement Date, was lower than forty five million US dollars (US$45.000.000), the Parties hereof agree that the Maximum Amount (as defined in the Assignment of Collateral and Pledge Agreement, the Deposit and the Pledge Agreement) shall be deemed to be reduced in a proportional percentage to the difference between: (i) forty five million US dollars (US$45.000.000), and (ii) the total amount of the disbursements of the Loan occurring on or before the Second Disbursement Date (including, for clarification purposes, the disbursements occurred on the First Disbursement Date).

 

III

PURPOSE OF THE LOAN

 

3.01.       The Loan shall be used to finance working capital and refinance the Borrower’s liabilities.  In this sense, the Borrower shall furnish each of the Banks with any documentation as they may reasonably request in order to prove the destination the funds to be disbursed will be given under the present Loan.

 

3.02.       The Loan shall be considered mutual in foreign currency arising from the deposits constituted under the Credit Policy Rules. The Borrower expressly and irrevocably commits to use the funds of the Loan for the ends stipulated in 2.1.2 y 2.1.6 of II, Credit Policy Rules.

 

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IV

DISBURSEMENT

 

4.01.       Subject to compliance with all the Preceding Conditions and pursuant to Exhibit A, the first disbursement of the Capital that Banks will perform shall occur on the First Disbursement Date, for the total amount of twenty two million US dollars (US$22.000.000), and (ii) the second disbursement that additional Banks shall eventually perform shall occur on the Second Disbursement Date, for the total amount of twenty three million US dollars (US$23.000.000) (subject to the acceptance of the Offer of Participation by one or more Additional Banks). On the corresponding Disbursement Dates, the Banks shall transfer the totality of the funds relevant to the Loan, gross (before taxes), costs, expenses and charges of each Bank, if applicable, in accordance with the respective Proportional Participation, to the Administrative Agent’s Account. Upon receipt of the funds concerned and subject to compliance with all the Preceding Conditions, the Administrative Agent: i) shall perform the relevant exchange currency transaction through the Foreign Exchange Market as provided for by the applicable regulation and shall obtain the resulting funds in Pesos, and ii) shall deliver the totality of such funds in Pesos to the Borrower by means of a transfer to the Borrower’s Current Account in Pesos. The funds shall be transferred to the Borrower by the Administrative Agent, (i) within the same Business Day of receipt, if the funds were transferred by each Bank and received in full in the Administrative Agent’s Account no later than 12:00 (time of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Argentine Republic), or (ii) the next Business Day of receipt, if all or part of the funds were received in the Administrative Agent’s Account after 12:00 (time of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Argentine Republic). The disbursed funds accreditation certificate shall constitute the most formal, sufficient and effective receipt and disbursement letter in favor of each Bank for each corresponding amount. The Parties hereby agree that the Administrative Agent shall reimburse all the costs and expenses incurred by the Borrower and/or the Administrative Agent in relation to: (i) the funds that the Banks transfer to the Administrative Agent’s Account regarding the disbursement of the Loan, and (ii) the funds that the Administrative Agent transfers from the Administrative Agent’s Account to the Borrower’s Current Account in Dollars. Additionally, the Parties hereby agree that, for the purpose of the Exchange transaction from Dollars to Pesos mentioned above through the Foreign Exchange Market that the Administrative Agent shall perform, the foreign exchange desk of the Administrative Agent shall charge the Borrower a spread   of *** of Peso ($***) between the purchase of US Dollars, subject of the granting of the loan and the sale of such US Dollars.

 

4.02.       The Borrower shall provide each Bank and, if applicable, each Additional Bank, within the Business Day immediately following the corresponding Disbursement Dates with a receipt (pursuant to the sample in Exhibit E ) signed by the Borrower granting sufficient evidence of the collection of the amounts disbursed and provided by each Bank involved and by each Additional Bank pursuant to this Agreement.

 


*** Certain information on this page has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.

 

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4.03.       The Borrower irrevocably authorizes the Administrative Agent, once the disbursed funds are credited to the Borrower’s Current Account in Pesos, to debit from said Account the amounts payable by the Borrower for commissions, taxes, costs and expenses (including the fees of the Banks’ external legal counsel previously approved by the Borrower and the Administrative Agent) under the present Agreement and any other related document.

 

4.04.       (a)  Prior to the disbursements subject of the First Capital Disbursement Date and the Second Capital Disbursement Date, the Promissory Notes shall be issued by the Borrower and shall be dated on the First Disbursement Date or on the Second Disbursement Date, as applicable, for the amount equal to (i) the total of the Capital lent by each Bank and Additional Banks under the Loan, plus (ii) Compensatory Interests accrued at the fixed annual nominal rate as mentioned in VI of this Agreement, plus (iii) Penalty Interests accrued, if applicable, at an annual nominal rate equal to *** of the Compensatory Interest rate, which shall be additional to the Penalty Interests mentioned in paragraph (ii) above. The Guarantor shall endorse the Promissory Notes to the full satisfaction of the Banks.

 

(b)  Each Bank shall be entitled to hold, at all times, Promissory Notes that reflect the total of the amounts due and outstanding to each Bank under the Loan for the Capital (including, without limitation, potential interest capitalizations in the terms of 6.05 hereof) and Compensatory Interests and Penalty Interests.

 

In accordance with the paragraph above, at the sole request of any Bank, made at least *** Business Days prior to the first Business Day of any Interest Period, the Borrower shall, within the first *** Business Days of said Interest Period, for purposes of reflecting, if applicable, the total of the due amounts for Capital and Compensatory Interests and Penalty Interests, issue and deliver new Promissory Notes to the Bank who so requested. Such Promissory Notes shall reflect (i) the rate at which the Compensatory Interests and the possible Penalty Interests will be accrued, and (ii) each payment of Capital Amortization payable by the Borrower to the Bank concerned at the time of issue. The Bank concerned shall return to the Borrower the Promissory Notes to be replaced against the delivery of the Promissory Notes issued for their replacement.

 

(c)  The Banks expressly agree that the Promissory Notes and/or the new Promissory Notes that might be issued in replacement of those for the case of the credit assignment to third parties, who shall be endorsed by the Guarantor to the full satisfaction of the Banks, are issued exclusively as collateral and for the purposes of implementing the Loan in a document that enables an executive legal action to collect the amounts owed under this Agreement. The Banks expressly agree that (i) they shall only present the Promissory Notes and/or, if applicable, the new Promissory Notes that are issued in replacement of those, for their collection or to initiate an executive action to collect the amounts owed under such Promissory Notes or new Promissory Notes, in case there was an allegation of non-compliance and in the event that the terms of the Promissory Notes were overdue under the terms in  XI , and that (ii) in case of judicial execution of the Promissory Notes and/or, if applicable, of the new Promissory Notes that are issued in replacement of those, if the nominal value expressed in such Promissory Note was higher than the amounts owed to the corresponding Bank  under the Agreement, such Bank shall only be able to claim the payment of the amounts for Capital, Compensatory Interests, Penalty Interests, expenses and/or any other owed amount still outstanding under this Agreement. If the amounts owed by the Borrower, for whatever reason under the present Agreement, were higher to the amounts reported in the Promissory Notes, the Banks reserve the right to claim the existing differences between such amounts from the Borrower and the Guarantor.

 


*** Certain information on this page has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.

 

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(d)  Under no circumstances will the Administrative Agent be responsible for managing, issuing, delivering, replacing and/or any of the facts related to any of the Promissory Notes that the Borrower may issue under this Agreement. Each Bank will be the sole and exclusive responsible for and will personally issue, deliver, receive and/or replace said Promissory Notes with the Borrower, being the Administrative Agent exempted from all liability.

 

V

CAPITAL REPAYMENT

 

5.01.       The Borrower is under the obligation of refunding the Capital effectively disbursed in thirteen (13) quarterly consecutive payments, being the first payment due on the day that marks twelve (12) months after the First Disbursement Date, and from that moment the same day number of the following quarters, and coincidentally with the end of the Interest Periods that occur on said dates, according to the schedule established in Exhibit C (“ Capital Maturity Dates ”). When a Capital payment date was not a Business Day, such date shall be the following first Business Day.

 

5.02.       (a) Notwithstanding the obligation of using the Borrower’s assets to settle any amount owed, the payments of any amount owed by the Borrower to any of the Banks under this Agreement including, without limitation, Capital, Compensatory Interests, Penalty Interests, if applicable, commissions, costs and expenses, shall be conducted through access to the Foreign Exchange Market by the Borrower through the Administrative Agent, for the purpose of acquiring the US Dollars payable on every corresponding payment date. In the event of insufficient funds, the Banks and the Administrative Agent shall be empowered to debit any amount payable directly from the Borrower’s Current Account in Dollars, or from any other bank account that the Borrower may hold open with the Banks and/or the Administrative Agent, as provided for in XII hereof, being the Borrower committed to maintain sufficient funds for such purposes.

 

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(b)  Once the Administrative Agent, in its capacity as such hereunder and pursuant to the established procedures herein, received any payment from the Borrower, for any amount of money payable hereunder, the Administrative Agent shall proceed to credit  the amount for each of the Banks in their respective Current Accounts of the Banks, pursuant to the Proportional Participations of each Bank, (i) the same Business Day of its receipt, if funds were debited by the Administrative Agent or deposited by the Borrower before 12:00  (time of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires), or (ii) the Business Day immediately following receipt, if funds were debited by the Administrative Agent or deposited by the Borrower before 12:00  (time of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires).

 

(c)  In view of the obligation herein of making periodic payments, the Borrower agrees that holding the receipt or deposit slip of one such payments shall not release the Borrower from the obligation of crediting the entirety of the remaining payments, understanding that the crediting of one of the payments under no circumstances shall presuppose that previous payments have effectively been made at the date and place agreed upon. Regarding the payments made by the Borrower to the Administrative Agent, the certificates issued by each Bank shall be enforceable against the Banks as sufficient and effective payment receipt. If the present Agreement was terminated, the Borrower shall make the payments corresponding to each of the Banks in accordance with the existing balance and the Proportional Participation of each of them. The Administrative Agent shall submit the funds received following the Banks’ instructions, and shall refrain from making any kind of use of funds, compensation or debit of such funds or assigning a use that is not expressly established in the present Agreement.

 

(d)  The Borrower unconditionally and irrevocably  waives the right to invoke (i) any inability to pay, taking over any fortuitous events or force majeure and acknowledging that the entirety of its payment obligations shall remain in effect and enforceable until the Banks have received the exact amount to be paid pursuant to the Transaction Documents in the agreed currency, that is to say, US Dollars; and (ii) the theory of unpredictability and hardship (Article 1091 of the National Civil and Commercial Code) and/or acts of God or force majeure (Article 955 of the National Civil and Commercial Code) and/or frustration of the purpose of the Agreement (Article 1090 of the National Civil and Commercial Code) as defense against the collection action of any amount of money in US Dollars (whether it is considered money or thing) owed to the Banks hereunder or to provide justification for the review or termination of the Agreement.

 

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5.03.                      Each Bank agrees that, in the case of obtaining from the Borrower or the Guarantor any Capital payment, Compensatory Interests or Penalty Interests payable by the Borrower to the Bank hereunder in an amount higher than the amount that would proportionally correspond  pursuant to this Agreement, in relation with the other Banks and regarding the Capital, Compensatory Interests and Penalty Interests payable by the Borrower to such other Banks, said Bank shall owe the other Banks such higher amount received, according to their respective Proportional Participations that each of the Banks had hereunder. This provision shall also be applied to any amount (excluding Loan commissions) obtained by any Bank, in any way (including compensations and also payments received due to Acceleration of the Loan in the terms in XI herein) hereunder that was not through legal actions initiated in accordance with this Agreement and/or in the Promissory Notes, before competent courts, in which case the amount obtained by said Bank shall not be shared with the other Banks. If because of the implementation of the provisions in the paragraph herein a redistribution of any amount received by any Bank from the Borrower or the Guarantor in excess of the Proportional Participation corresponding to said Bank was made among the Banks and subsequently, such amount received from the Borrower or the Guarantor should be returned or repeated by said Bank to the Borrower or the Guarantor (the “ Required Amount ” and the “ Required Bank ”, respectively), then, (i) each Bank that received a proportional amount of the Required Amount shall, at the Administrative Agent’s request, return an amount to the Borrower equal to the portion of the Required Amount received plus any interest paid by the Required Bank to the Borrower pursuant to the Required Amount and accrued during the period between the date when the Administrative Agent requested said Required Bank the return of the Required Amount and the date of the return of the Required Amount by the observation of this paragraph, and (ii) the Borrower or the Guarantor shall owe each of the Banks, according to the present Agreement, an amount equal to the amount paid by each of them according to the aforementioned  paragraph (i), as long as the Required Amount is owed by the Borrower or the Guarantor hereunder.

 

5.04.                      Unless otherwise provided in XVIII and XIX , the Capital under the Loan may voluntarily be paid in advance, totally or partially, on each Compensatory Interests payment date, subject to the following conditions: (i) the Administrative Agent receives a prior written notice of at least five (5) Business Days (this written notice shall be irrevocable for the Borrower), (ii) in the event of partial advance payment, payments must be made for amounts of Capital not smaller than the amount of the payment that corresponds to the immediate next Capital Maturity date; (iii) in the case of advance payment, this shall be made in favor of all the Banks in a proportional way to their respective Proportional Participations; (iv) along with the advance payment of the payable Capital, the Borrower shall pay each Bank the Compensatory Interests and Penalty Interests accrued, if any, and payable under the Loan and any other amount payable to the Banks hereunder (the Banks, pursuant to subsection c) of Article 899 of the National Civil and Commercial Code, make express reserve of its credit regarding the Compensatory Interests and any Penalty Interests); (v) in the event of partial advance payment, they shall be applied to the Capital payments amortization pursuant to 5.01 , in reverse order to the order of due date, that is to say, beginning by the last of such payments and so on until reaching the first of them eventually; and (vi) the Borrower shall previously pay the Administrative Agent, in favor of the Banks, the Commission for advance payment, according to the following definition.

 

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The Commission of advance payment shall be payable pursuant to the following detail:

 

(a)  if the Borrower totally or partially pays Capital in advance within the first 24 (twenty four) months counting from the First Disbursement Date, the commission for advance payment shall be equal to ***% (*** percent) of the Capital to be paid in advance;

 

(b)  if the Borrower totally or partially makes an advance payment of Capital on a date between the month 25 (twenty five), inclusive, and the month 36 (thirty six), inclusive, counting from the First Disbursement Date, the Commission of advance payment shall be equal to ***% (*** percent) of the Capital to be paid in advance;

 

(c)  if the Borrower totally or partially makes an advance payment of Capital on a date between the month 37 (thirty seven), inclusive, and the month 48 (forty eight), inclusive, counting from the First Disbursement Date, the Commission of advance payment shall be equal to ***% (*** percent) of the Capital to be paid in advance; and

 

(d)  In the event that the funds applied by the Borrower for the advance payment of the Loan came from a financial or capital markets transaction structured by the Organizer, the Commission of advance payment shall be reduced *** to the advance payment Capital to the Organizer.

 

5.05.                      In the event that, at any time during the Agreement term, the amounts paid by the Borrower are insufficient to cover the totality of the amounts overdue and unpaid payable by the Borrower pursuant to the present Agreement, the Banks shall charge the amounts received according to the following order of precedence: (i) indemnities (if there are payments due under 16.18 ), (ii) taxes, (iii) commissions, (iv) expenses, (v) Penalty Interests (if any); (vi) Compensatory Interests, and (vii) Capital. Therefore, the Borrower resigns to the provisions in Article 926 of the National Civil and Commercial Code.

 

5.06.                      The Borrower agrees that the provisions of Article 900 of the National Civil and Commercial Code shall not be applicable regarding how payments are allocated as described in 5.05 .

 


*** Certain information on this page has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.

 

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5.07.                      The payments made by the Borrower hereunder shall only be proved by means of written receipt signed by the Administrative Agent. The Borrower waives the payment assumptions established in Article 899 of the National Civil and Commercial Code.

 

5.08.                      Under no circumstances shall the advance payments made entitle the Borrower to request a new disbursement for an amount equal to the amounts paid in advance.

 

VI

INTERESTS

 

6.01.                      The Capital disbursed and lent under the Loan, shall accrue Compensatory Interests at an annual nominal fixed rate of 6,5% (six point five percent).

 

6.02.                      Compensatory Interests shall be computed: (i) on the total amount of the Capital disbursed and lent under the Loan that was returned and reimbursed by the Borrower to the Banks, (ii) from the First Disbursement Date and to the date on which the Borrower effectively and completely returned and reimbursed the Capital disbursed, and (iii) on the actual number of days from each of the Disbursement Dates and on a three hundred sixty five (365)-day- year basis, for which each capital disbursement day shall be included and the day of the final Capital amortization shall be excluded, pursuant to Exhibit C .

 

6.03.                      Compensatory Interests shall be paid quarterly, by overdue periods, being the first payment payable on the third month from the First Disbursement Date, the last day of each Interest Period pursuant to the dates mentioned in the schedule in Exhibit   C hereof or, when applicable, on the date a Capital advance payment is made. When a payment date of Compensatory Interests is not on a Business Day, said date shall be the first following Business Day. In that case, Compensatory Interests (and in the event that any amount payable hereunder was overdue, the Penalty Interests that may be applicable) that said new date may cause shall be computed within the same Interest Period whose due date is changed, but they will not be computed for the following Interest Period, in order to avoid paying the same amount twice.

 

(b)                                  For clarification purposes:

 

(i) the first payment of Compensatory Interest accrued on the amount of Capital disbursed on the First Disbursement Date shall take place on 15 June 2017 (three (3) months after the First Disbursement Date);

 

(ii) the first payment of Compensatory Interests accrued on the amount of Capital disbursed on the Second Disbursement Date (a) will take place on 15 June 2017 (three (3) months after the First Disbursement Date), and (b) will be computed on the number of days between the Second Disbursement Date and 15 June, 2017; and

 

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(iii) payments of Compensatory Interests that are accrued either on the amount of Capital disbursed on the First Disbursement Date, or on the amount of Capital disbursed on the Second Disbursement Date, shall be made jointly, on each corresponding Interest Payment Date.

 

6.04.                      (a) In case of delinquency or non compliance with any payment obligation from the Borrower arising from the Loan, the Borrower shall pay Penalty Interests, additionally to the Compensatory Interests.

 

(b)  Penalty Interests shall be accrued at an annual nominal rate equal to *** percent (***%) of the applicable rate to the Compensatory Interests and (ii) shall be computed (x) from the date on which the unpaid amounts were supposed to be paid pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Agreement, and until the date such unpaid amounts are completely and effectively paid, and (y) on the actual number of days that the delinquency or non-compliance may have lasted, and on a three hundred sixty five (365)-day-year basis (for which the first day of delinquency or non-compliance shall be included  and the last day will be excluded).

 

If applicable, the Penalty Interests shall be calculated by the Administrative Agent and communicated to the Banks and the Borrower.

 

6.05.                      In the event of delinquency, the Compensatory Interests and Penalty Interests shall be quarterly capitalized and from said capitalization they shall be considered Capital for all purposes.

 

VII

CURRENCY OF PAYMENT

 

7.01.                      All payment of Capital, Compensatory Interests and Penalty Interests, commissions, costs and expenses, if applicable, and any other amount that for whatever reason should be paid by the Borrower to the Banks under the Loan, shall be made exclusively in US Dollar bills as fundamental condition of this Agreement and cannot be paid in other currency or another place, whether that is provided by final judgment with status as res judicata or otherwise. The Borrower hereby declares that, through foreign trade transactions, the Borrower shall generate sufficient funds in US Dollars for the repayment of the Loan.

 

7.02.                      Before 12:00 (time of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Argentine Republic), of the respective payment date, the Borrower shall access the Foreign Exchange Market through the Administrative Agent in order to acquire the relevant US Dollars to be applied in the corresponding payment.

 

7.03.                      The Borrower acknowledges that the funds disbursed pursuant to the Loan are collected in US Dollars, and therefore, the Borrower agrees to return the totality of the funds payable under the Loan in the same currency as lent, that is, in US Dollars, given that the Parties hereby expressly agreed, as an essential condition for the execution hereof, that the Borrower irrevocably an unconditionally obliges itself to repay the totality of the amounts payable in the same currency under the Loan solely and exclusively in the same currency in which the Banks perform the disbursements and the Loan is payable, that is, in US Dollar bills.

 

As a consequence, the Borrower agrees that the obligations under the Loan shall be paid exclusively in said foreign currency, being the provisions of Article 766 of the National Civil and Commercial Code of strict application, and the Borrower irrevocably waives, by virtue of its eminently financial and waivable nature, to the right to free itself from the obligation herein by delivering the equivalent to the legal tender established in Article 765 of the National Civil and Commercial Code.

 

In addition, the Borrower unconditionally and irrevocably waives the right to invoke:

 

(a)                                  the theory of unpredictability (Article 1091 of the National Civil and Commercial Code) and  hardship (subsection a) of Article 781 of the National Civil and Commercial Code; or

 

(b)                                  subjective damages, inability to pay, abuse of rights, abuse of dominant position, frustration of the purpose, principles of equity, joint effort or any other right, and/or any other doctrine, legal figure or institute, established case law or doctrinal, that in any way exempt the Borrower from the full, entire and timely compliance with the Borrower’s obligations hereunder with a currency other than the currency to which payment the Borrower has been obliged or with an amount smaller than this, in all case, even when originating from a Governmental Fact or any other cause; or

 

(c)                                   acts of God or force majeure (Article 955 of the National Civil and Commercial Code).

 

7.04.                      The waiver in 7.03 above was made by the Borrower based on the fact that:

 

(a)                                  the Borrower duly evaluated the current exchange parity between the US Dollar and the Peso and the certain possibility that said exchange parity may, after the execution of the Agreement, experience a significant change; in this sense, the Borrower declares that the historical evolution of the Argentinean economy rules out any alteration as extraordinary, nor as unforeseen, regardless of how sudden and how high it may be, in the quotation or parity of the foreign currency regarding the Argentinean currency, or the introduction of measures that in some way may limit the exchange markets transactions, and

 


*** Certain information on this page has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.

 

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(b)                                  received the appropriate advice from professionals of different fields, and deemed convenient and necessary to assume such future risks.

 

In view of all the above, the Borrower assumes and takes responsibility for any circumstance (especially including circumstances of acts of God or force majeure) that may arise in future that, by affecting the Exchange markets or the mechanisms to obtain US Dollars, prevents or renders the purchase of the relevant foreign currency hereunder more onerous.

 

7.05.                      Notwithstanding the Borrower´s obligation to pay the amounts owed under the Loan in American bills, if at any time when payment should be made but, due to exchange dispositions in the Argentine Republic, the Borrower is prevented from paying in North American Dollars, the preferred option of the Majority of the Banks is that the Borrower shall pay by means of:

 

(a)  submitting public bonds and corporate debt or shares, of the type and series chosen by the Majority of the Banks, in enough quantity and nominal value that once they are liquidated in a market abroad or in the country selected by the Majority of the Banks, and once the corresponding taxes and/or expenses have been deducted, its proceeds in American Dollars shall be equal to the quantity in such currency owed to the Banks under the Loan; or

 

(b)  submitting legal tender in such an amount that on the date of the payment it shall be enough, once the corresponding taxes and expenses are deduced, in order to acquire new public bonds or corporate debt or shares, of the type and series chosen by the Majority of the Banks, in enough quantity and nominal value that once they are liquidated in the country or in a market abroad selected by the Majority of the Banks, and once the corresponding taxes and/or expenses have been deducted, its proceeds in American Dollars shall be equal to the quantity in such currency owed to the Banks under the Loan; or

 

(c)  another proceeding that the Majority of the creditor Banks shall appoint under this Loan. All the expenses, taxes and costs of these operations shall be under the responsibility of the Borrower.

 

In case that, for the purposes of the rights under the Documents of the Transaction before any court, notwithstanding the express obligations assumed by the Borrower to return the owed amounts under this Loan in the stipulated currency, and in case it were necessary to translate such currency into national currency, the Borrower agrees that it should be advisable to take as reference -according to the Majority of the creditor Banks under this Loan- the type of exchange rate quoted by the creditor Banks to the public on the day of determination or the type of implicit exchange rate that arises from the trading operations of the aforementioned securities.

 

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In any of the aforementioned alternatives, the amounts owed by the Borrower shall only be considered paid and such payment shall only have releasing effects once the creditor Banks under this Loan, before liquidation as the case may be, shall receive the amount in American Dollars owed under this Loan.

 

7.06.                      The Borrower hereby expressly and irrevocably expresses that the obligations that it assumes under this Agreement constitute absolutely independent obligations that are separate from the obligations that arise from the agreements or transactions in connection with this Agreement pursuant to the Credit Policy Rules, and under no circumstance shall the Borrower´s obligations be affected by the impossibility to comply with such agreements. Therefore, the Borrower shall have to cancel its obligations under the Documents of the Transaction in American Dollars in due time and proper form, even when due to any circumstance the allocation indicated in III should not be complied with (totally or partially), and shall have to face such debt with the whole of its capital without the possibility to invoke exceptions whatsoever.

 

VIII

CONDITIONS PRECEDENT TO THE LOAN

 

The Bank´s obligations to disburse funds pursuant to this Loan according to their Proportional Participation is subject -to each Bank´s satisfaction- to the Borrower´s expressing that as of today each and all of the following Conditions Precedent shall be complied with and in effect at the time of the disbursement of the Capital on each of the Disbursement Dates:

 

8.01.                      That the Borrower validly signs the Agreement, the Collateral and Pledge Agreement and the Pledge Agreement in the presence of a notary public who certifies the identity and capacities of the Borrower´s signatories.

 

8.02.                      That the Guarantor validly signs the Deposit, in the presence of a notary public who certifies the identity and capacities of the Guarantor´s signatories.

 

8.03.                      That the Borrower validly signs the Assignment of Collateral so that the Collateral and Pledge Agreement by which such Guarantee is constituted is in effect and legally binding among its parties.

 

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8.04.                      That the Borrower gives each Bank what they may ask for, (i) a certified copy of record no. 53 of the Annual Shareholders’ Meeting of 22 November 2016, from the minutes of the Board meeting of 7 February 2017, and from any other minute of any other complementary Board meeting in which the granting of the Loan, the Assignment of Collateral, the Funds Pledged, the Pledge of Fixed Term Certificates and all the terms and conditions of the Documents of the Transaction become evident; (ii) a certified copy of record no. 164 of the Board meeting of 22 November 2016, record no. 167 of the Board meeting of 7 February 2017, and from any other record of any other complementary Board meeting in which the granting and the acceptance of all the terms and conditions of the Deposit are evidenced, (iii) a certified copy of the Borrower´s and the Guarantor´s faculties, from whom it may emerge that the agents of each of them that shall sign on their behalf and their representation the corresponding Transaction Documents are sufficiently entitled for such a deed or, in the event that the Borrower´s or the Guarantor´s president of the board of directors signs, a certified copy of the minutes of the Meeting and of the minutes of the Board Meeting where it was appointed and its registration in the Public Registry, as appropriate; (iv) a certified copy of the Borrower´s and the Guarantor´s statutes, in effect on the date this Agreement is entered into; and (v) a certified copy of the Borrower´s Share Transfer Book and other documents that accredit that Bioceres is, directly and/or indirectly, the owner of 50.01% (fifty point zero one percent) of the Borrower´s shares.

 

8.05.                      That each and all of the Borrower´s statements and expressions shall continue to be correct and true in VIII .

 

8.06.                      That there was not and there is not any exception susceptible to be considered as one of the Events of Breach provided for in XI as well as in any other event that, by means of written notice or the passing of time, shall reasonably constitute one of those Events of Breach.

 

8.07.                      That there is not any attachment levied or preventive measure taken on or in relation with (i) the Borrower´s Current Account in Argentine pesos; (ii) the Borrower´s Current Account in Dollars; (iii) the Accounts of the Assignment of Collateral; or (iv) any current account opened by the Borrower in the Banks for an amount that may substantially affect the Borrower´s operations.

 

8.08.                      That there is not any Substantial Adverse Change.

 

8.09.                      That (i) the Borrower signs and submits the Promissory Notes to each of the Banks, and (ii) the Guarantor guarantees those Promissory Notes, as provided in 4.04.

 

8.10.                      That there is not significant adverse modifications in the Bank´s legal framework (in terms of laws, regulations or their corresponding interpretations) that may imply the imposition of limits of portfolio, technical relations; obligatory, recommended or guiding interest rates, deposits or cash holdings with respect to the assets or deposits necessary to maintain the Loan, or that may significantly restrict or interfere in the Bank´s credit activity, or that may significantly become adverse and/or inadvisable and/or impossible for any of the Banks regarding the disbursement of the Loan.

 

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8.11.                      That no substantial adverse changes occur in the political or economic situation of the Argentine Republic and/or in the local financial market and/or in the international financial markets, which shall (i) significantly affect the Banks´ profitability regarding the granting of the Loan, and/or (ii) become significantly adverse and/or inadvisable and/or illegal for any of the Banks, the disbursement of the Loan.

 

8.12.                      That the Administrative Agent and each of the Banks receive, at their own satisfaction, a legal opinion from the Borrower´s internal legal consultant regarding the Loan and the other Transaction Documents.

 

8.13.                      That the Banks (i) obtain internal authorizations or approvals, in order to grant the Loan and carry out any other deed referred to in the Transaction Documents, and (ii) finish the Borrower´s process of legal, accounting and financial due diligence which, at its exclusive discretion, resulted satisfactory.

 

8.15.                      That the Borrower does not owe taxes, costs, fees and other expenses as set forth in XIII and XIV hereby.

 

If at the moment of the fund disbursement pursuant to the Loan in the corresponding Dates of the Disbursement and/or their delivery to the Borrower, it was not checked that the aforementioned conditions precedent have been complied with in the reasonable judgment of each of the Banks, then the expiration of the Borrower´s right to demand the Banks the disbursement of such funds or their delivery to the Borrower shall be considered automatically operated, except that the Administrative Agent informs the Borrower by written notice within *** Business Days since the moment when the fund disbursement took place pursuant to this Agreement and/or their delivery to the Borrower, that the Banks unanimously decided to proceed to the disbursement committed by each of the Banks pursuant to the Loan and their delivery to the Borrower despite the event of default of the corresponding Conditions Precedent (to clarify concepts, without the Banks having the possibility to claim any particular penalty or commission to the Borrower due to the event of default of one or more of the Conditions Precedent). The Banks´ decision to disburse pursuant to the provisions hereby may not be rejected by the Borrower, with the Parties having to separately subscribe a complementary addendum to this Agreement by means of which the planned schedule shall be adjusted to as Exhibit C.

 


*** Certain information on this page has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.

 

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IX

DECLARATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE BORROWER

 

The Borrower declares and warrants that the representations are true, complete and exact on the date of this Agreement and at the moment of the disbursement of the Loan in each of the Dates of Disbursement:

 

9.01.                      That the Borrower is a corporation duly organized, registered and existing under the laws of the Argentine Republic, with all the necessary faculties to carry out operations and business in which it currently participates (included in its corporate purpose), and its capital stock is duly subscribed and totally paid-in.

 

9.02.                      That the Borrower is not in default of any of the liens, duties, commitments and obligations imposed by the governing laws, and has obtained and keeps in effect all the agreements, authorizations, permits, consents and approvals that may render necessary at federal, inter-jurisdictional, provincial and municipal levels in order to carry out their corporate activities.

 

9.03.                      That the Borrower shall not be obliged to ask for authorizations or approvals from any authority or governmental department, judicial authority or from any other person, both from public or private law (including but not limiting lenders, creditors, shareholders, insurance companies, financial institutions) in order to take the Loan and carry out any other deed contemplated in the Transaction Documents, or, in case it was necessary to require them, they should be obtained.

 

9.04.                      That the Transaction Documents constitute legal acts that the Borrower is legally capable and authorized to carry out by virtue of the respective legal and statutory dispositions that govern its activity, and that the Transaction Documents are signed after all the necessary internal approvals were obtained, without violation of the legal, statutory, assembly or contract disposition whatsoever, without any additional authorization being necessary. Likewise, the powers by virtue of which the Borrower´s signatories subscribe this Agreement were duly granted and are the result of an office in effect, and they grant enough faculties for the signing of the Transaction Documents to oblige the Borrower pursuant to the Loan to carry out any deed contemplated in the Transaction Documents.

 

9.05.                      That the Borrower´s contractual obligations pursuant to this Agreement and the remaining Transaction Documents of which the Borrower is a party are valid and binding obligations, payable in their own terms and constitute direct obligations, non-subservient and not conditional of the Borrower, guaranteed by the Assignment of Collateral, Pledge of Funds, the Deposit, the Pledge of Fixed Term Certificate and the Promissory Notes.

 

9.06.                      That the Borrower is not in default by virtue of any agreement or obligation of which it is a party, or which it shall be obliged to, with respect to any order, decision, court order, demand of payment, decree or claim or any court, arbitration board or governmental department or national, inter-jurisdictional, provincial o municipal department of the country or abroad that may (i) affect the validity, lawfulness or execution of the Transaction Documents, or (ii) affect the Borrower´s compliance of the obligations pursuant to the Transaction Documents.

 

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9.07.                      That the Borrower has no pending debt claim registered nor does it know of the imminence of dispute, investigation or legal or administrative proceedings before any national or international, provincial or municipal court or administrative authority, or any arbitration proceeding, from which the Borrower, its shareholders and/or third parties may (i) affect the validity, lawfulness or execution of the Transaction Documents, or (ii) affect the Borrower´s compliance with its obligations under the Transaction Documents. Additionally, the Borrower claims (i) that not even the court proceedings mentioned in its notification of relevant fact, published in the Financial Information Highway of the CNV/NSC website (www.cnv.gob.ar) dated 25 October  2016 (ID No. 4-429740-D), or the precautionary measure of restraining order mentioned therein, or any other related proceeding may affect or shall affect (y) the validity, lawfulness and execution of the Transaction Documents, or (z) the Borrower´s compliance with its obligations under the Transaction Documents; and (ii) that the granting of the Loan and the Warranties pursuant to the Transaction Documents shall not imply, under no circumstances, patrimonial detriment for Rizobacter.

 

9.08.                      That the signing, execution and/or compliance with the Transaction Documents does not violate any disposition that may arise from any governing law and/or decree and/or rule and/or regulation of any national, inter-jurisdictional, provincial or municipal governmental body, and, likewise, it does not violate any competent judicial court or arbitration board or administrative authority that the Borrower was subjected to, and/or disposition that may arise from the Borrower´s bylaws in effect (or pending statutory modifications to be registered) and/or any Encumbrance, debt instrument, agreement or any other commitment in regard to which the Borrower were a party or by which it should be obliged.

 

9.09.                      As from the date of the Quarterly Financial Statements ending 30 September 2016 (which the Banks took into consideration to grant the Loan, and which represent in an appropriate form the Borrower´s financial situation and the result of the operations up to that date, pursuant to GAAP), and up to the date of the execution of this Agreement, there was not any Substantial Adverse Change.

 

9.10.                      That the Borrower´s Financial Statements, their exhibits and other information thereto, from which the Borrower has submitted copies to the Banks, represent in appropriate form the financial situation and the result of the Borrower´s operations up to date, pursuant to GAAP.

 

9.11.                      The Borrower has provided the Banks with all the information pursuant to the activities required by the Banks, and all the information provided to the Banks in relation with the preparation, negotiation and execution of this Agreement and the Transaction Documents is true and correct and has no incorrect data about any relevant fact, nor does it omit any relevant fact (understanding as such that which may influence the Bank´s decision to grant the Loan and/or that makes it difficult or impossible to comply for the Borrower with its obligations hereby) that may become necessary or convenient to highlight, under the circumstances, so that such information shall not render incorrect or ambiguous.

 

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9.12.                      That, except for the Encumbrances mentioned in the Quarterly Financial Statements corresponding to the three-month-period ending on 30 September 2016, the Collateral Assignment of Rights under the Assignment of Collateral, the Funds pledged under the Funds Pledge and the Fixed Term Certificates object of the Pledge of the Fixed Term Certificate, the Borrower´s rights and assets are not subject to any Encumbrance whatsoever.

 

9.13.                      That the Borrower is not informed, to the best of its knowledge, that there are possibilities by which a substantial portion of its assets may be executed or expropriated, or that a substantial portion of its assets may lose their value, or any other event that may affect the Borrower´s compliance of its obligations pursuant to this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents.

 

9.14.                      The Borrower is not in default regarding taxes of any kind and/or public utilities, or labor liabilities and social security obligations, except for those cases in which (i) the Borrower may question them by means of the corresponding legal instruments and in good faith and as long as the corresponding provisions were taken, pursuant to PCGA, and (ii) may not affect the Borrower´s compliance of its obligations pursuant to this Agreement,

 

9.15.                      The Borrower keeps in effect all the insurances required by law and/or customary for the companies that perform similar businesses and/or have similar goods, all of which have been insured with insurance companies of recognized authority and reputation.

 

9.16.                      The Borrower is not an affiliate and/or parent company, in terms of Communication “A” 2,573 of BCRA, regarding any of the Banks.

 

9.17.                      That in order to subscribe this Agreement and borrow the Loan, the Borrower has received the duly legal, accounting and financial advice, and has made the decision to ask for a Loan subject to all and each of the terms and conditions set forth hereby.

 

9.18.                      That neither the Borrower nor any Borrower´s director, manager or official meet the conditions to become a “Politically Exposed Person” (PEP), pursuant to Communication “A” 5.740 of BCRA (as modified and/or complemented) and neither is it controlled by a Person that meets those characteristics. The Borrower shall commit itself to notify the Administrative Agent about any change within *** Business Days.

 


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9.19.                      That the funds used to pay the Banks pursuant to this Agreement shall have a legitimate origin. In case any of the Banks shall require it, the Borrower is obliged to produce before the Administrative Agent the documents that support the origin of the funds and provide a copy of such document.

 

9.20.                      The Borrower is Solvent. “Solvent” means, as for the Borrower, that (i) its assets, valued at a market price, are higher than the amount of its debts; (b) is capable and shall be capable of paying its obligations in due time; and (c) has the reasonably enough capital to conduct its own business.

 

9.21.                      The Borrower recognizes that the operation object of this Agreement corresponds to the Banks´ commercial portfolio, pursuant to the classification of the BCRA.

 

9.22.                      The Borrower recognizes that, before signing this Agreement, the Banks provided enough information for the Borrower to confront the different credit offers existing in the system, published by the BCRA.

 

9.23.                      That the Borrower is the sole owner of the Rights Granted, the Funds and the Fixed Term Certificates, which are free from any Encumbrances.

 

9.24.                      The Borrower shall assign the totality of the Loan funds to comply with the intended use of the funds as set forth in III .

 

9.25.                      The Borrower states that it is affected by the provisions in article 1 of the Provincial Decree No. 3884/93, validated by Law No. 11.490 of the Province of Buenos Aires, being an industrial enterprise, so the Agreement and the remaining Transaction Documents are exempted from paying stamp tax in the Province of Buenos Aires by virtue of the provisions in the aforementioned regulation.

 

The Borrower claims that all the representations included in IX are correct and true in all their significant aspects and do not omit any fact or situation that may turn them untrue or misleading in view of the circumstances in which they were carried out. The Borrower acknowledges that the representations and statements in IX have been decisive for the approval of the Loan and the Banks enter into this Agreement because they trust in their veracity.

 

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X

OBLIGATIONS OF THE BORROWER

 

Since the execution of this Agreement and during all the time in which any amount owed pursuant to this Agreement should be pending payment, for any reason whatsoever, the Borrower agrees irrevocably and unconditionally to carry out all the acts and deeds as follows:

 

10.01.               To pay in due time (i) the indemnities (in case there were payments due under 16.18), (ii) taxes, (iii) commissions, (iv) expenses, (v) Penalty Interests, if any, (vi) Compensatory Interests, and (vii) Capital, and any other concept payable by the Borrower, as set forth in this Agreement.

 

10.02.               To (i) carry out any reasonable act to keep in effect all the rights, permits, authorizations, agreements, powers of attorney, prerogatives, registrations, leaves and the like, all necessary for the regular management of its activity, business or operations and the compliance of its obligations; (ii) to keep all its goods in good condition and working order, except for the fair wear and tear, (iii) not to carry out any action that may adversely affect the validity and/or efficiency of the Transaction Documents, (iv) to hire and keep in force all the necessary insurances pursuant to the legal requirements and usual standards in the Argentine Republic for the activity that the Borrower develops, and (v) that its main activity shall always be included in its corporate purpose. The Borrower shall order that its subsidiaries shall also comply with all those obligations.

 

10.03.               To submit to the Administrative Agent as many exhibits as Banks shall become the Borrower´s creditors pursuant to this Agreement at the moment when submitting: (a) the Borrower´s Annual Financial Statements related to the annual fiscal year in question, together with the corresponding certificate by the Auditor in relation with the fiscal year in question, as soon as these have been issued and they are available, which under no circumstance may occur before what occurs before (i) *** days counted as of the closing date of the corresponding fiscal year, or (ii) *** Business Days counted as of the date when the Annual Financial Statements are submitted before CNV/NSC, and (b) the Borrower´s Quarterly Financial Statements corresponding to the period in question, together with the corresponding Auditor´s certificate for the term in question, as soon as they have been issued and they are available, which under no circumstance may occur after what occurs before between (i) *** days counted as of the closing date of the corresponding quarter, or *** Business Days counted as of the date when the Quarterly Financial Statement are submitted before CNV/NS.

 

10.04.               To comply in due form and time with each and all of the obligations thereunder which arise from the Agreement and the rest of the Transaction Documents.

 

10.05.               To refrain from carrying out Disposal of Assets.

 

10.06.               To refrain from disposing the anticipated dissolution, liquidation, fusion, transformation or division of the Borrower.

 

10.07.               Except for the Encumbrances mentioned in the Quarterly Financial Statements for the three-month-period ending on 30 September 2016, the Assignment of Collateral and Pledge Agreement, and the Pledge of Fixed Term Certificates, to refrain from granting or allowing the existence of any Encumbrance, whatever its range, priority or privilege, over the assets, goods and/or rights of the Borrower (including but not limiting, the Assigned Rights) except for the previous expressed written consent of a Majority of the Banks.

 


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10.08.               To provide the Banks with the required information over the business management, including amounts of sales, debt, list of current agreements, monthly invoicing, itemizing VAT and expiry date, and any fact that may significantly affect the Borrower.

 

10.09.               (a) Not to (i) distribute advanced payments, profits or dividends during the term of this Agreement, and/or (ii) pay advanced payments, fees (for services, advise or any other nature) or compensations to its shareholders, in their capacity as directors and/or trustees of the Borrower and/or of any other nature, in each fiscal year. The compensation that the Borrower pays to the directors that provide managerial services and/or technical-administrative services to the Borrower shall not be considered within the above-mentioned restriction; and (b) Not to grant loans or deposits, guarantees of any kind, in favor of any Affiliate Company, for an amount in excess of 5.000.000 (five million American Dollars).

 

Affiliate Compan y” means, in relation with a Person, at any time, any other Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by, and/or subject to common control with such Person.

 

10.10.               To keep during the term of the Loan:

 

(a)          a ratio between Financial Debt and EBITDA not higher than 3x;

 

(b)          a ratio of Interest Coverage Rate higher than (i) 1.2x for 2017, (ii) 1.5x for 2018, and (iii) 2x for 2019 and 2020, and

 

(c)           a ratio between Liabilities and Assets lower than (i) 0.85x for 2017, (ii) 0.825x for 2018, and (iii) 0.8x for 2019 and 2020.

 

Asset ”: as defined by the Borrower´s Financial Statements, pursuant to PCGA.

 

Financial Debt ” means, in relation with a Person, at any moment, without duplication: (i) all its obligations as borrowers to provide amounts of money and the amounts derived from their respective refinancing; (ii) all its financial obligations instrumented in negotiable bonds, bonds, bills of exchange, promissory notes or similar negotiable instruments (except credit invoices or the certified invoicing or similar commercial documents, and the commercial accounts to pay or current obligations that may arise from the regular course of business); (iii) any debt belonging to such Person that may arise or be created pursuant to a conditional sale or repurchase agreement; (iv) any net exposure from that Person to contracts of futures and options and financial derivatives of any kind, whether interest rate or currency, as long as they are registered as liabilities in the more recent financial accounts issued pursuant to PCGA; (v) third parties’ financial debt guaranteed directly or indirectly by such Person, by means of deposits, warranty or any other personal guarantees or that may imply the assumption of personal obligations of such Person in relation with any Financial Debt of a third party; (vi) all the obligations to pay the balance of the price derived from operations of purchase and sale, hiring of work or services, except, in all the previous cases, for those derived from the accounts payable generated during the ordinary course of business, as long as they are not past due for more than 90 (ninety) calendar days; and (vii) all the obligations taken in order to obtain financing in the form of financial leasing or the like, which shall be posted the accounts as a financial obligation pursuant to PCGA.

 

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EBITDA ” means, as of the date of its cost estimates, in order to comply with the commitment in this clause, the Borrower´s and its subsidiaries’ ordinary earnings before interest, income tax, depreciation and amortization of all its goods, resulting from its possession, including but without limitation to tangible and intangible goods for 12 months corresponding to the Borrower´s annual fiscal year ending on June of the year immediately before the date of the estimate, all terms being defined pursuant to PCGA and the Professional Accounting Standards. The estimate of the Borrower´s EBITDA shall be done based on the Borrower´s latest Annual Financial Statements.

 

Liabilities ”: as defined in the Borrower´s Financial Statements, pursuant to PCGA.

 

Relation of the Interest Coverage Rate ” means, on the date when the determination is carried out, the relation obtained from dividing: (a) The Borrower´s EBITDA; by (b) all the interests, commissions, fees, prepayment penalty, bonus and, in general, any other payment related to the Borrower´s Financial Liability, except for the capital payments, value added tax and other indirect charges, paid or accrued, payable to the Borrower´s Financial Liability creditors, in both cases with respect to the last 4 (four) terms immediately previous to such date.

 

The relations indicated in 10.10 shall be estimated on the basis of the Borrower´s Annual Financial Statements corresponding to the fiscal year, ending in June of the year immediately previous to the date of the estimate; expressly stating that the estimate of the aforementioned relations shall be carried out at the end of the Borrower´s annual fiscal year.

 

10.11.               To provide the Banks with information that shall allow them to comply with their obligations pursuant to Communication “A” 2,573 of BCRA, and those which may substitute or modify them.

 

10.12.               To inform the Administrative Agent irrevocably and immediately its integration in “Economic Groups”, pursuant to the terms set forth in Communication “A” 2.140 of the BCRA, its complementary regulations or the ones that shall substitute them in the future.

 

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10.13.               To subscribe and substitute Promissory Notes, to the Banks´ full satisfaction, at all times as appropriate and pursuant to this Agreement; as well as to substitute the outstanding Promissory Notes within *** Business Days after required, by means of any other suitable instrument in order to grant them access to the enforcement proceedings, in case that, as a consequence of a Government Fact, such Promissory Notes should no longer be effective as such or shall stop being enforceable through enforcement proceedings as set forth in the Argentine Code of Civil and Commercial Procedures.

 

10.14.               To allow the Banks to provide public information about the Borrower to their corresponding parent company and/or head offices, including information pursuant to this Agreement and the remaining Transaction Documents.

 

10.15.               At all times, to keep open and operative (i) the Borrower´s Current Account in Pesos; (ii) the Borrower´s Current Account in Dollars; (iii) Assignment of Collateral; or (iv) any other current account opened by the Borrower in any of the Banks.

 

10.16.               To notify the Administrative Agent in writing within *** Business Days about any Event of Breach, or any other event by means of written notice or the passing of time or any other predictable circumstance that may constitute one of those Events of Breach, or any other circumstance that may affect the Borrower´s capacity to comply with its obligations pursuant to this Agreement and/or the remaining Transaction Documents and/or should jeopardize, diminish, or debilitate the full enforceability, completeness, scope, enforceability, execution and/or enforceability as to third parties of the Transaction Documents that it subscribes, and in any of the aforementioned events, shall inform the Administrative Agent about the actions taken to rectify them.

 

10.17.               To apply the disbursed funds pursuant to this Agreement to the allocations indicated in III and to fulfill the obligations imposed by the BCRA regulations, including the Credit Policy Rules.

 

10.18.               In order to allow the control of all the commitments stated in this Agreement, the Borrower shall submit the Administrative Agent, every time it requires so, a certificate issued and signed, indistinctly, (i) by the Auditor, or (ii) by the Borrower´s legal representative together with the Borrower´s Finance Director or Manager, where: (a) it states that it complies with all the obligations set forth in X , and (b) specifies the financial commitments set forth in 10.10 what (y) its situation is regarding its compliance on the date of the certificate, and (z) its estimate of compliance at the end of the current fiscal year. Such certificate shall be distributed by the Administrative Agent to the Banks.

 


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10.19.               To (a) keep at all times taxes, encumbrances, and/or social security obligations and/or national, provincial or municipal contributions paid, except those cases in which the Borrower should question them using the corresponding legal proceedings and in good faith and as long as the corresponding reservations have been made pursuant to PCGA, (b) comply with labor, social security and/or environmental guidelines that render applicable and are in force at all times, and (c) comply with all the regulations of the governing law and all regulations, orders or decrees of any national, provincial or municipal governmental body, or court that the Borrower should be submitted to, and its own by-laws, and any Encumbrance, instrument or agreement or other commitment that the Borrower may be a party or is obliged to.

 

10.20.               At all times, at a Bank’s request, to provide the Administrative Agent with all the information to fully comply with the governing regulations applicable to each Bank, including without limitation, the regulations issued by the BCRA o by UIF/ FIU; and to allow the Banks access and inspection of all the books and financial records of the Borrower at the Borrower´s address.

 

10.21.               To keep the amounts owed by the Borrower pursuant to the Transaction Documents with the same priorities, guarantees and privileges of collection of payment of unsecured obligations not guaranteed by the Borrower, pursuant to the governing regulations.

 

10.22.               To ratify the signature and final terms and conditions of the Transaction Documents, to the full satisfaction of the Banks, at the Borrower’s first Shareholders´ Meeting to be held in 2017, submitting a certified copy of the minutes to each Bank within *** Business Days as of the date the meeting was held.

 

10.23.               That the Assignment of Collateral instrumented by the Assignment of Collateral and Pledge Agreement is duly constituted, executed, in effect and enforceable before third parties, and that as many acts as necessary shall be taken for the execution, effectiveness and enforceability before third parties in terms and conditions acceptable for the Banks, including that within *** Business Days after entering into the Assignment of Collateral and Pledge Agreement, the Borrower shall notify the Assigned Debtor of the Assignment of Collateral (pursuant to the term as defined in the Assignment of Collateral and Pledge Agreement) in the terms of article 3.1 of the Assignment of Collateral and Pledge Agreement.

 


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XI

EVENTS OF BREACH

 

Should one or several of the following events (“Events of Breach”) occur and persist:

 

(i)                                      Should the Borrower fail to pay in due time and proper form any amount owed pursuant to this Agreement and/or the remaining Transaction Documents; and/or

 

(ii)                                   should the Borrower fail to fulfill in due time and proper form any of the duties and liabilities arising from this Agreement and from the remaining Transaction Documents (other than the liabilities mentioned in (i) above) before the deadlines expressly agreed upon for their fulfillment, or should such deadlines fail to be expressly set forth, within the following *** business days, once duly notified or once aware of such situation, whichever occurs first; and/or

 

(iii)                                should the Borrower enter into out-of-court reorganization agreements, declare suspension of payments, be requested bankruptcy or be appointed a financial controller or an official receiver of its assets, or should the Borrower be liquidated or should it file a bankruptcy claim or start reorganization proceedings, or should it enter into transfer agreements with its creditors for the payment of goods or should it request extension or refinancing of its liabilities, or in the event of any other fact or situation with a similar effect to the ones herein mentioned; and/or

 

(iv)                               should the Borrower fail to fulfill any other liabilities it has undertaken pursuant to the Transaction Documents, or any other liabilities of any nature with the Banks or any other third parties; and/or

 

(v)                                  Should the Borrower (i) fail to fulfill in due time and proper form any other liabilities with third parties for an amount that equals or exceeds ARS *** (*** pesos) or an equivalent amount in any other currency, unless such default on payment had been remedied within the legal/contractual terms applicable; or (ii) should the Borrower fail to fulfill the agreement terms and conditions regarding the liabilities herein referred to, should such default on payment cause the acceleration of the terms applicable to the said liabilities (even when those terms had not been expressly stated) and provided that such default on payment had not been remedied within the contractual and/or legal terms applicable; and/or

 

(vi)                               should any of the Borrower’s current accounts be closed due to legal provisions or regulations o due to reasons attributable to the Borrower; and/or

 

(vii)                            should any government authority confiscate, nationalize, seize or in any other way expropriate the whole or a substantial part of the Borrower’s property, assets or share capital, or had any government authority taken control or custody of said assets or should it take control of the Borrower’s business and transactions; and/or

 

(viii)                      should the Borrower’s Board of Directors or the Shareholders’ Meeting adopt a resolution for the Borrower to liquidate or dissolve, or otherwise cease its activities, or should a competent court issue an order for the Borrower to do so; and/or

 


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(ix)                               Should the Borrower experience a Change of Control; and/or

 

(x)                                  should the Borrower cease to perform the whole or a substantial part of its activities and transactions for a minimum period of *** calendar days ; and/or

 

(xi)                               should the Borrower’s fulfillment of any obligation arising from this Loan and from the remaining Transaction Documents be deemed illegal or unlawful, and/or should any of those obligations ceased to be valid, binding and/or enforceable; and/or

 

(xii)                           should the Borrower fail to implement a measure, fulfill a condition, or perform an action (including consents, approvals, authorizations, exemptions, licences, orders or registrations to be obtained or complied with) provided that they be implemented, o fulfilled or performed at any time in order to (i) enable the Borrower to exercise those rights it may deem reasonable to exercise, or to enable the Borrower to fulfill its obligations under this Loan and the remaining Transaction Documents, (ii) ensure that the said obligations are legally binding and enforceable pursuant to the terms and conditions set forth therein, and (iii) ensure that the Transaction Documents are admitted as valid evidence by any court in the Argentine Republic; and/or

 

(xiii)                       had the Borrower provided any evidently false or inaccurate information in the statements made in this Agreement or had it made any material omission in the data provided herein; and/or

 

(xiv)                        should the Borrower be prevented from fulfilling its corporate purpose; or should it change its corporate purpose; and/or

 

(xv)                           should an attachment be levied or any other provisional remedy be ordered on any of the Borrower’s property, assets and/or significant rights, or should a restraint of the Borrower’s property be ordered, and such attachment and/or provisional remedies were not released on the first procedural opportunity available; and/or

 

(xvi)                        should such attachment or provisional remedies be levied and, should the Borrower fail to fulfill the payment of one or more final judgments, including but not limited to enforceable judgments against the Borrower for an amount exceeding ARS*** (*** Argentine pesos) or an equivalent amount in any other currency, either on a single or cumulative basis over the last *** months immediately prior to that moment; and/or

 


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(xvii)                     should the Borrower’s Auditor issue (i) an adverse opinion report [(x) meaning an opinion report concluding that the Borrower’s Financial Statements do not clearly show its assets and liabilities, the financial results of the transactions performed and the changes in its financial situation, pursuant to the GAAP and the current legislation applicable, and (y) not meaning an unqualified opinion report]; or (ii) a report with a “disclaimer of opinion” regarding the Borrower’s Financial Statements; and/or

 

(xviii)                  should any of the Collateral be affected in its scope, content, value or enforceability, at the discretion of the majority of the Banks; and/or

 

(xix)                        Should any Person make an objection, or raise an issue or questioning regarding the Assignment of Collateral of the Rights Assigned for the Assignment of Collateral, regarding the Funds for the Funds Pledge and/or regarding the Fixed-Term Certificates for the Pledge of the Fixed-Term Certificates, providing such issue or questioning may prevent said Collateral from becoming effective and being valid, legally-binding and enforceable between the parties and any other third parties,

 

consequently , in any of the events previously described, delinquency will automatically occur, no prior notification necessary, nor the Majority of the Banks required. All the debts the Borrower has under this Agreement and under the remaining Transaction Documents may be deemed due and payable by the Banks, and they may demand full and immediate payment of the Capital owed plus Compensatory Interest (and, in the event of delinquency on payment of any amount owed hereunder, the Penalty Interest that may also be applicable), Loan commissions, attorney professional fees, costs, legal costs and any other resulting expenses, as well as payment of any other amounts that, for any reason and/or concept, shall be paid under this Agreement and the remaining Transaction Documents and execution of the Promissory Notes (an “Acceleration”). In case of delinquency, Compensatory and Penalty Interests shall be capitalized every *** and, once capitalized, they shall be deemed part of the Capital for all the purposes that may apply. The Banks may jointly and unanimously revoke this Acceleration, by means of prior notification to the Borrower, provided that, after Acceleration occurs, (a) the Borrower pays any amount owed pursuant to this Loan, and (b) any other event of breach is remedied.

 


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SECTION XII

DEBIT IN ACCOUNT / ACCOUNT SETOFF

 

12.01.               In case of delinquency payment, the Banks and the Administrative Agent shall be entitled to debit, either jointly or individually, even if the account is overdrawn, any amount owed by the Borrower under any Transaction Document which has not been paid in timely and proper form, carrying out this transaction from any bank account (either in the local or a foreign currency) that the Borrower may keep open with the Banks and/or the Administrative Agent, and such debit shall not be deemed a novation of the obligations undertaken by virtue of this Agreement, as set forth in Sections 934 and 935 of the Argentine Code of Civil and Commercial Procedure. Therefore, the Borrower shall pay the amount owed under this Agreement and under any other Transaction Document to the Banks and/or the Administrative Agent pursuant to their terms and conditions, notwithstanding the Banks and/or the Administrative Agent’s right to act based on the current account balance due, as long as it is duly certified by the relevant summary proceedings. Pursuant to Subsection a) of Article 1404 of the Argentine Code of Civil and Commercial Procedure, the Borrower waives the right to close its accounts in the Banks and in the Administrative Agent’s office provided that there are amounts owed pursuant to the Transaction Documents. The Borrower also undertakes to keep enough funds credited in its accounts for them to remain active and operating.

 

12.02.               Had the Borrower failed to pay in due time any amount owed to any Bank and/or to the Administrative Agent under this Agreement, and had acceleration of the terms been declared, if applicable, each Bank and/or the Administrative Agent (as applicable) is hereby authorized to set-off and apply each and every deposit, either general or special, on demand or fixed-term, temporary or final, which had been made at any time in said Bank and/or in the Administrative Agent, as well as any other amount owed to the Borrower by the Bank and/or by the Administrative Agent, whichever the reason, against each and every payment obligation the Borrower may have with said Bank and/or with the Administrative Agent pursuant to this Agreement, notwithstanding whether such deposits, amounts or assets belonging to the Borrower had reached maturity.

 

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12.03.               Should any of the Banks and/or the Administrative Agent perform a set-off in compliance with S ection 12.02 , the set-off amounts shall be applied according to the order of precedence set forth in Section 5.05 . Therefore, the Borrower waives the rights set forth in Article 926 of the Argentine Code of Civil and Commercial Procedure.

 

XIII

TAXES

 

13.01.               The Borrower shall be the sole responsible for paying the total amount of the national, provincial or local taxes applicable immediately and upon the sole written request of the Banks (including, without limitation, stamp tax, value added tax on interests and commissions and income tax withholdings) and/or any other duties and/or charges, either current and/or future, that may be payable due to the grant, implementation, fulfillment or execution of the Transaction Documents.  The Borrower undertakes to reimburse the Banks any amount they may have paid for that reason. It is hereby set forth that the Borrower shall not be responsible to pay the total amount of the national, provincial and local taxes, fees and charges levied on the Banks’ income and/or property (including, without limitation, earnings on interests).

 

13.02.               (a) All payments the Borrower shall make to the Banks pursuant to this Agreement shall be net and free of any tax deductions or withholdings, unless the Borrower is legally obliged to perform such tax deductions or withholdings, in which case the amount to be paid by the Borrower, from which such a tax deduction or withholding should be performed, shall be increased to the extent necessary for each Bank to receive (free of any liability related to tax deductions or withholdings) a net amount equal to the amount the Bank would have received had such tax deduction or withholding not been performed, except in case such tax deduction or withholding is performed by the Borrower to pay any tax, fee or charge levied on the Banks’ income and/or property (including, without limitation, earnings on interests).

 

(b) The Borrower shall reimburse the Banks and/or the Administrative Agent immediately and upon their sole request, and shall also submit the corresponding payment receipt, for any tax (including any fine, interests or penalty applicable) that the Banks and/or the Administrative Agent may have paid and that shall be paid by the Borrower pursuant to  Section XIII .

 

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c) The liabilities undertaken by the Borrower under this provision shall be enforceable notwithstanding (i) a disbursement of the Capital provided under this Agreement is performed; (ii) all the amounts owed to the Banks pursuant to the Transaction Documents are cancelled by the Borrower, and/or (iii) the term and validity of this Agreement.

 

XIV

COSTS AND EXPENSES

 

14.01.               The Borrower shall be the sole responsible for paying, upon request of the Administrative Agent and/or the Banks, the total amount of the reasonable expenses and/or costs, properly documented, and/or any other reasonable and properly documented expense that may be due as a result of the implementation and/or fulfillment and/or execution of the Transaction Documents, including, without limitation, the attorney professional fees to be paid for their implementation and execution, as well as the corresponding expenses and Value Added Tax payable to the firm ***, which shall not exceed the amount agreed upon by in a separate agreement entered into. The Borrower shall reimburse the Banks any amount they may have paid for any of the reasons mentioned in this Section. The attorney professional fees the Borrower shall pay when entering into this Agreement shall not cover the professional fees to be accrued once this Agreement and the remaining Transaction Documents are executed, for their judicial or extrajudicial enforcement. Such attorney professional fees shall be at the sole expense of the Borrower’s.

 

14.02.               The liabilities undertaken by the Borrower under this Provision shall be enforceable notwithstanding (i) the Capital disbursements provided in this Agreement have been made (being it hereby set forth, however, that the Borrower shall not afford any expense in favor of a Bank that may fail to disburse the funds on the corresponding Disbursement Date and based on its Proportional Share for a reason only attributable to that Bank), (ii) the fact that all the amounts owed by the Borrower had been paid to the Banks pursuant to the Transaction Documents, and/or (iii) the term of this Agreement.

 


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XV

ASSIGNMENT OF RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS

 

15.01.               Any of the Banks (as well as any of their assignees) may freely assign their rights and obligations to (i) any of its affiliate companies, and, in such case the Banks shall duly serve the Borrower notice within a period of *** Business Days as of the execution of the assignment; and/or (ii) any financial institution or entity domiciled in any of the countries following the standards of the Basel Banking Committee, and, in such case, the Banks shall duly serve the Borrower notice within a period of *** Business Days as of the execution of the assignment; and/or (iii) one or several financial trusts as part of a securitization performed in compliance with Section 70 of Act No. 24441, in which case it shall not be necessary to notify the Borrower about the whole or part of the benefits and/or rights, and/or shares, and/or duties, and/or charges, and/or obligations enforceable under this Agreement. The Banks may also assign the whole or part of the benefits, rights, shares, duties, charges, obligations or contractual position they may have pursuant to the Loan to any Person other than the ones abovementioned as long as they have the Borrower’s prior written consent, which shall not be rejected without reason nor delayed for a period longer than *** Business Days if required, being it hereby set forth that, in case said period expires, it shall be deemed accepted if the Borrower fails to either accept or reject the assignment request. Such Borrower’s consent shall not be necessary in case, at the time of executing the assignment, the Borrower had failed to fulfill any of its obligations under this Agreement.

 

Pursuant to the terms and conditions of said assignments, each assignee, once the assignment is legally served to the Borrower and the Administrative Agent, shall have the same benefits and/or rights, and/or shares, and/or duties, and/or charges, and/or obligations and/or contractual position as the assigning Bank would have had under this Agreement if no assignment had been carried out.

 

15.02.               In case of an assignment of rights executed by any of the Banks under this Agreement, the assigning Bank shall be entitled to request the Borrower to replace its Promissory Notes for new Promissory Notes to be issued by the Borrower in favor of the assignee and/or assignor, based on the proportional Capital and Interest (as applicable) each of them may have as a result of the assignment. The Administrative Agent shall send the relevant notifications upon request of the interested party.

 


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As a precondition for the issuance of the Promissory Notes mentioned in the previous paragraph, the assigning Bank, in such case, shall provide the Borrower with the Promissory Note (and/or request its replacement, under the terms in Section 4.04, in case of a partial assignment) which it may have issued in its favor under this Agreement.

 

15.03.               The Borrower shall not assign any of its benefits and/or rights, and/or shares, and/or duties and/or charges and/or liabilities and/or contractual position resulting from this Agreement and from the remaining Transaction Documents without the Banks’ prior written consent.

 

15.04.               Each Bank may sell a share of their rights and obligations under this Agreement, subject to the fact that the Bank selling its share shall remain a contractual partner of the Borrower concerning all its rights and obligations under this Agreement (regardless of the agreements between the Bank selling its share and the Person buying it, pursuant to the legal instruments both parties enter into).

 

XVI

ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT.  INDEMNITY

 

16.01.               The Administrative Agent shall be legal entity through which the Borrower shall interact with the Banks for all the issues concerning this Agreement, notwithstanding all the limiting and specific exceptions that may be set herein and the transactions that the Banks may agree with the Borrower as long as they are not related to this Agreement. In this capacity, all decisions adopted by the Administrative Agent involving the Borrower and regarding this Agreement shall be deemed accepted by the Banks and the Borrower may not object to the Administrative Agent’s representation, legitimacy or authority. Consequently, the Administrative Agent shall have no obligation or responsibility, neither tacit nor implicit.  The Administrative Agent shall not be required to adopt any course of action deemed contrary to this Agreement or to the current legislation, or that may imply any kind of responsibility for the Administrative Agent.

 

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16.02.               The Administrative Agent shall:

 

(a)                                 share all the information received from the Borrower with the Banks, either provided spontaneously or upon the Administrative Agent or the Banks’ request, within a period of *** Business Days upon reception; and

 

(b)                                 briefly inform any dealing, negotiation or proceeding carried out with the Borrower or before it, in the capacity of Administrative Agent, within a period of *** Business Days once such dealing, negotiation or proceeding takes place.

 

16.03.               The Administrative Agent shall not be responsible for any information, assertion or statement provided by the Borrower, and which the Borrower may have made or may make in the future concerning this Agreement or the remaining Transaction Documents. The Administrative Agent shall not assume any responsibility whatsoever for any documentation related to this Agreement or to the remaining Transaction Documents that the Borrower may submit to third parties, regardless of their nature, which the Administrative Agent shall deem to be authentic, even if shared with the Banks acting in its capacity of Administrative Agent.  The Administrative Agent shall hold no responsibility before any of the Banks for the proper signature, legitimacy, validity, enforceability, authenticity, scope, sufficiency, completeness or value of this Agreement or the remaining Transaction Documents, nor for any other document or instrument provided pursuant to them.

 

16.04.               The Administrative Agent shall have the roles specifically described in this Agreement. Therefore, the Administrative Agent has no other obligation or responsibility, neither tacit not implicit. Should, in one or more cases, the Administrative Agent perform any kind of action or assume any kind of responsibility not specifically delegated to it by virtue of the clauses in this Agreement, neither the implementation of such action nor the assumption of such responsibility shall be deemed an implicit or tacit commitment on the part of the Administrative Agent to perform this action or a similar action or to assume the same responsibility or a similar responsibility in any other instance.

 

16.05.               Neither the Administrative Agent nor its directors, officers or employees shall assume any responsibility whatsoever before the Borrower and/or before the Banks and/or before any third party, for the actions, facts or omissions of any of the Banks and/or the Borrower concerning this Agreement and the remaining Transaction Documents, except in case of willful misconduct or gross negligence on the part of the Administrative Agent deemed as such in a final judgment awarded by a competent court and with force of law.

 


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16.06.               The Administrative Agent shall have no responsibility whatsoever regarding the accuracy or sufficiency of the information included in any notification, certificate or any other communication it may receive either from any third party or from the Borrower. The Administrative Agent shall assume no obligation or responsibility whatsoever under the terms of the Transaction Documents, nor regarding them, as a result of acting as stated in any notification, consent, certificate or any other instrument or written document (which may be a telegram, cable, telefax, telex, etc.) it may deem authentic and signed or sent by the relevant Parties, nor as a result of acting pursuant to any statement or representation on the part of the Borrower and/or the Banks herein set forth on in any other document submitted pursuant to the provisions hereof.

 

As long as the Administrative Agent is required, pursuant to any clause in this Agreement, to implement an action or to prepare a report based on any information, report or document to be submitted by the other Party hereto, should such other Party fail to fulfill its obligation to submit the information, report or document required, the Administrative Agent shall be exempted from implementing the action or preparing the report requested, and it shall, at its sole discretion (provided that no inconsistencies with the other provisions in this Agreement arise), partially implement the action or prepare the report required, based on the information, reports or documents provided to it by the other Parties of this Agreement.

 

The Administrative Agent shall hold no responsibility before any of the Banks for the proper signature, legitimacy, validity, enforceability, authenticity, scope, sufficiency, completeness or value of the documentation by means of which this Agreement, the Promissory Notes, the remaining Transaction Documents or any other agreement or document entered into or implemented, nor of any other document or instrument provided pursuant to it.

 

16.07.               The Administrative Agent shall be entitled to act according to the advice and opinion of the professionals of its choice and the Administrative Agent shall not be responsible for any action or measure taken or omitted following the advice provided by the said professionals, except in case of willful misconduct or gross negligence on the part of the Administrative Agent deemed as such in a final judgment awarded by a competent court and with force of law. The Administrative Agent is not responsible to control the fulfillment of the liabilities undertaken by the Borrower in Section X of this Agreement.

 

16.08.               Each and every Bank and any other banks that may become assignees in the future, individually represent that they have adopted their decision to become parties to this Agreement regardless of the performance the Administrative Agent may have had and regardless of the information they may have received from it, based on their own analysis and evaluation of the background they may deem necessary to take into consideration. Therefore, each Bank acknowledges and agrees that, regardless of the Administrative Agent and of any other Bank, and based on the documents and information it deemed suitable, it has carried out its own analysis of the credit and has decided to enter into this Agreement. Therefore, each Bank acknowledges and agrees that, regardless of the Administrative Agent and of any other Bank, and based on the documents and information it deemed suitable, it has carried out its own analysis of the credit and has decided to enter into this Agreement.

 

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16.09.               The Administrative Agent may resign to its role at any time, with or without a reason, and it shall remain in its capacity until the substitute administrative agent appointed by the Majority of the Banks, selected from the top-rated institutions authorized to act as commercial banks under Act No. 21.526, has taken office pursuant to this Agreement. The Majority of the Banks shall appoint the substitute administrative agent within a period of *** calendar days once the Administrative Agent’s resignation is duly served or, otherwise, one of the Banks shall act in the capacity of Administrative Agent within said period (being the Bank with the biggest Proportional Share the one to act in such capacity in case the Majority of the Banks fails to reach an agreement within said period).

 

The resigning Administrative Agent shall reimburse the Borrower any amounts that it may have been paid in advance as professional fees, for the period during which the Administrative Agent shall not provide its services to the Borrower as a result of the resignation.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the resigning Administrative Agent shall not be forced to continue acting in its capacity after *** calendar days following service of its resignation to the Banks, being it stated that upon expiration of said period, should no successor be appointed, the Administrative Agent shall be free from all its obligations and responsibilities under this Agreement.

 

16.10.               The Administrative Agent shall be dismissed, with or without fair reason, by the Majority of the Banks, and such decision shall be informed to the Administrative Agent by any of the Banks, acting on behalf of the Majority, mentioning the date when the Administrative Agent shall cease to exercise its duties with at least *** calendar days advance notice. All the costs arising from this substitution shall be afforded by the Administrative Agent in the event the Administrative Agent is removed from office for Cause, or by the Banks (based on their Proportional Shares) in the event the Administrative Agent is removed without Cause. The new Agent shall be appointed by means of the decision of the Majority of Banks. The removed Administrative Agent shall reimburse the Borrower any amounts that it may have been paid in advance as professional fees, for the period during which the Administrative Agent shall not provide its services to the Borrower as a result of its dismissal.

 

16.11.               Before adopting any measure aimed at providing legal or contractual protection to the Banks, which does not require the expressed conformity of the Majority of the Banks nor their unanimous conformity, and as long as the Administrative Agent deems that it is possible due to the urgency of the measures to be adopted, the Administrative Agent shall inform such situation to the Banks.

 

16.12.               The Borrower shall pay the Administrative Agent a monthly remuneration considered as professional fees for its services, to be paid ***, as agreed in a separate agreement entered into by and between the Administrative Agent and the Borrower.

 


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16.13.               No provision hereof shall be construed as implying that the Administrative Agent shall advance or risk its own funds or property, or that in any other way it shall incur personal financial and/or exchange liability to fulfill its obligations or to exercise its rights in its capacity of Administrative Agent under this Agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, had the Administrative Agent disbursed its own funds to fulfill said rights and obligations, in spite of what is set forth herein, the Borrower shall pay or reimburse said funds within *** Business Days upon request of the Administrative Agent.

 

16.14.               The Administrative Agent and/or any of the Banks may maintain business relationships with the Borrower which are convenient for both Parties, provided that such relationships do not imply any breach or violation of the provisions set forth in this Agreement.

 

16.15.               The Administrative Agent shall be entitled to request the expression of conformity of the Majority of the Banks before implementing any measure or course of action, even though, under the terms of this Agreement, it may act or decide based on his best judgment in this matter. Consequently, the Administrative Agent shall hold no responsibility whatsoever in case it abstains from acting or deciding based on its sole judgment until reception of the expressed written consent of the Majority of the Banks.

 

16.16.               The Borrower agrees to indemnify and hold the Administrative Agent, and its shareholders, controlling persons, directors, managers, employees, officers, consultants and representatives save and harmless against any loss, claim, fine, professional fees, costs, expenses, damages and/or liabilities ,whichever their kind and/or nature, which the Administrative Agent may be liable for, as long as such losses, claims, fines, professional fees, costs, expenses, damages and/or liabilities (each of them, a “Compensable Claim”) arise from, result from, or were due to the Administrative Agent’s role under this Agreement, except in case of willful misconduct or gross negligence on the part of the Administrative Agent deemed as such in a final judgment awarded by a competent court and with force of law by the court. Furthermore, the Borrower undertakes to reimburse any expense and/or legal costs and/or any other expense that each Compensable Party may have incurred in as a result of the investigation and/or defense of the Compensable Claim that the Compensable Party may result liable to afford, except in case of willful misconduct or gross negligence on the part of the Compensable Party’s deemed as such in a final judgment awarded by a competent court and with force of law by the court.  The Compensable Claim shall be duly served to the Borrower by the Compensable Party within *** business days or as soon as possible not to adversely affect the defenses available. Lack of service within said period shall not cause the Borrower to lose its right to claim indemnity.

 


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16.17.               The Banks also agree to compensate the Administrative Agent, provided it has not been already compensated and reimbursed by the Borrower and/or the Warrant, based on their Proportional Share in this Agreement, for all the damages, fines, costs and any other kind of expenditure that may been imposed on the Administrative Agent or that it may have incurred in, as long as said costs and expenses were related to this Agreement in any way, or as long as they resulted from it or from any other action implemented or omitted by the Administrative Agent deemed as such in a final judgment awarded by a competent court and with force of law by the court.

 

16.18.               Indemnity . The Borrower shall hold the Banks, the Organizer and the Administrative Agent , and their respective shareholders, controlling persons, directors, managers, employees, officers, consultants and representatives (each of them deemed a “ Compensable Party ”) harmless against any Compensable Claim that any Compensable Party may suffer or be imposed on related to or resulting from (a) the transactions agreed under this Agreement and/or the remaining Transaction Documents, and/or (b) (i) any investigation, litigation or proceeding related to and/or resulting from this Agreement and/or the Transaction Documents or any other issue related to the others mentioned herein, except in case of willful misconduct or gross negligence on the part of the Compensable Party’s deemed as such in a final judgment awarded by a competent court and with force of law by the court.     Furthermore, the Borrower agrees to reimburse any expense and/or legal costs and/or any other expenditure that each Compensable Party may have incurred in as a result of the investigation and/or defense of the Compensable Claim that the Compensable Party may result liable to afford, except in case of willful misconduct or gross negligence on the part of the Compensable Party’s deemed as such in a final judgment awarded by a competent court and with force of law by the court.  The Borrower also agrees that no Compensable Party shall be directly or indirectly liable against the Borrower, either regarding contractual, extra-contractual or pre-contractual liability or liability of any other kind resulting from the conclusion or proper execution of this Agreement and the remaining Transaction Documents, except in case of willful misconduct or gross negligence on the part of the Compensable Party’s deemed as such in a final judgment awarded by a competent court and with force of law by the court. The Compensable Claim shall be duly served to the Borrower by the Compensable Party within *** business days or as soon as possible not to adversely affect the defenses available. Lack of service within said period shall not cause the Borrower to lose its right to claim indemnity.

 

16.19.               The liabilities and obligations assumed by the Borrower, the Administrative Agent and the Banks under this Provision shall remain enforceable regardless of (i) the fact that the Capital disbursements set forth in this Agreement have been made (except as regards and solely in connection with any Bank that may have failed to fulfill its obligation to disburse the Capital for any reason only attributable to that Bank), (ii) the fact that all the amounts owed by the Borrower had been paid to the Banks and the Administrative Agent pursuant to the Transaction Documents, and/or (iii) the term of this Agreement.

 


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SECTION XVII

MAJORITY VOTING POWER

 

17.01.               Under this Agreement, where a Bank decision is required, said decision will be made (provided a Bank’s special majority voting power was not expressly stipulated herein that said decision will be made by each Bank individually) (i) if only two (2) Banks are Banks under this Agreement, unanimously, and (ii) if more than two (2) Banks are Banks under this Agreement, by a majority of at least two (2) Banks representing more than ***% (*** per cent) of the Borrower’s unpaid Capital under this Agreement. At the time a decision is made, each Bank’s Pro Rata (Proportional) Participation will be counted (the “ Banks’ Majority ”).

 

17.02.               No individual exception for a breach by the Borrower or modification of the terms and conditions of this Agreement shall be effective, valid, binding or applicable, unless it is made in writing and signed, as the case may be, by the Banks’ Majority and the Borrower. Said exception shall be effective, valid, binding or applicable only for the specific case and end for which it was made. The consent given in the form of exceptions and/ or amendments to this Agreement shall not produce or imply, except if said consent is given in writing and signed by all the Banks, any or the following effects (including, but not limiting) (i) an increase in the Banks’ obligation to make disbursements under this Agreement, (ii) a reduction, write-off, total or partial relief of the Capital or Compensatory Interest or Penalty Interest, or any other amount paid or payable by the Borrower under this Agreement, or a reduction in said interests applicable rate, (iii) an extension of any date or term set for the payment of any amount payable under this Agreement, (iv) the relief of modification of the Warranties, (v) a modification to the definition of Banks’ Majority, and (vi) unless it is made in writing and signed by the Administrative Agent, an amendment to the Administrative Agent’s rights and obligations under this Agreement. The Banks may make exceptions on an individual basis provided said exceptions are made in writing and do not affect, directly or indirectly, wholly or partly, the rights of any of the other Banks.

 

17.03.               In accordance with Article 934 of the Argentine Code of Civil and Commercial Procedure, agreement of the Parties regarding issuing an exception or modifying a term or condition under this Agreement shall not mean, and shall not be construed as, a novation of the obligations undertaken by the Borrower under this Agreement, unless said exception or modification expressly states it. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in any case, the Banks expressly reserve all their rights in the terms of Article 940 of the Argentine Code of Civil and Commercial Procedure.

 


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17.04.               Any request of an exception shall (i) be introduced by the Borrower to the Administrative Agent, and the latter shall submit the issue to the decision of the Banks, notifying them in accordance with this Agreement, and (ii) shall mean for the Borrower the payment to the Administrative Agent of a fee of US$*** (*** American dollars) (to be distributed among the Banks pursuant to their corresponding Proportional Participations) thru the mechanisms stipulated in  Section 5.02 , payable within *** business days after the exception was given, provided said exception was effectively given. Each Bank shall have *** business days, from the time the notice above is received, to reply to the issue in question. For all purposes, the expiry of said term without an express reply shall be construed as a negative reply from the Bank to make the exception requested.

 

17.05.               Any Bank which, individually or jointly, has a Proportional Participation representing at least *** per cent (***%) of the unpaid Capital pursuant to this Agreement at any time shall be entitled to request the Administrative Agent in writing to call the Banks to a meeting to be held at a period not shorter than *** business days or longer than *** business days, from the time the Administrative Agent receives the request from the Banks, in order to discuss any issue about this Agreement. The Administrative Agent shall provide at least *** business days’ advance notice to the Banks of said meeting. The Borrower shall be obliged to attend, thru a duly-entitled representative, the meetings that the Banks and/ or the Administrative Agent deem appropriate, and the Administrative Agent shall provide five (5) business days’ advance notice to the Borrower.

 


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XVIII

HIGHER COST

 

If at any time after the Date of First Disbursement any law, decree, resolution or general ruling is approved, becomes effective, enacted or repealed, or its interpretation or application is modified by a governmental agency, whether national, provincial or municipal, or if compliance by the Banks of any general requirement or directive, is modified by a governmental agency, whether national, provincial or municipal (whether they have the validity of the law or not) (the “ Governmental Fact ”), and its effect implies:

 

1. That the Banks are subject to: (i) any national, provincial or municipal tax, charge, duty, lien or any other charge, in addition to or different from, the existing taxes, charges, duties or liens at the time this Agreement is entered into, related or affecting the Loan; or (ii) an increase in the proportion of the taxes, charges, duties, liens or any other charge listed in (i) herein; or

 

2. The levy, modification or application of any reserve, special deposit or minimum capital requirement or liquidity, requirement on deposit categories or similar restriction because of, or related to, the Loan, or pursuant to a Governmental Fact or the Borrower’s inherent circumstances; or

 

3. A change in the tax base of the payments the Borrower must pay to the Banks, whether Capital, Compensatory Interest, Penalty Interest or regarding any other amount payable under this Agreement,

 

and the result of any of those circumstances, and/ or of any other Governmental Fact not contemplated above, directly increased the cost of the Banks to maintain the Loan in effect o to reduce the amount of any sum received or receivable by the Banks under this Agreement, prior notice shall be sent to the Administrative Agent and to the banks’ request (who shall simultaneously send copy of said requirement to the Administrative Agent), the Borrower shall opt to:

 

(i) pay to the Banks said additional amount in order to compensate the Banks, after tax, for said cost increase, or said reduction of the amount received or receivable by the Banks. The Borrower agrees that, at the Banks’ submittal of the certificates setting out the base to determine said additional amount necessary to compensate the Banks as stated above, the Borrower shall be fully and expressly, firmly, irrevocably and unconditionally obliged to pay on demand within the next *** business days said amounts to the Banks; or

 


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(ii) prepay the Loan in full within the next *** running days, paying the highest cost accrued until the full payment date, without penalty or Pre-Payment Fee.

 

The Banks agree to allocate the highest cost to the Loan on a like-for-like basis and fair practices with regard to all their loan portfolio, unless said higher costs are exclusively applicable to loans given to companies with certain specific characteristics (including the Borrower). In that event, said higher costs shall be applied only to said companies on the above-mentioned basis and practices. The Borrower shall only question the estimation of the highest costs after paying the additional amounts to the Banks.

 

XIX

SUPERVENING ILLEGALITY

 

If at any time after the date this Agreement is delivered, as a consequence in a change in the laws or regulations or their corresponding interpretations or principles of application, or as a consequence of a government or administrative order, effective after the date this Agreement is delivered, any of the Borrower’s obligations herein became illegal, any Bank shall notify the Borrower of said circumstance within *** business days (attaching to the notice a well-supported description of the circumstances), considering that once said notice is received, the Banks and the Borrower shall negotiate in good faith in order to establish a form to remedy the illegality. In the event an agreement is not reached within *** business days after the Borrower receives the above-mentioned notice (or within a shorter period, if for regulatory reasons the Loan is to be pre-paid sooner), the Borrower shall pre-pay all the amounts due to the Banks under this Agreement, including the interests to date, promptly and at the simple written request from any of the Banks, without Pre-payment penalty or fee.

 


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XX

MISCELLANEOUS

 

20.01.               Failure or delay of the Administrative Agent, Organizer and/ or the Banks to exercise any right or privilege pursuant to this Agreement shall not be construed as a waiver to the Agreement. Partial exercise of any right and/ or privilege shall not prevent exercising any other portion of it or exercising any other right or privilege under this Agreement. The rights and remedies stated herein are cumulative and not restrictive of any other right or remedy according to Law.

 

20.02.               In the event any provision herein is declared void, voidable or unenforceable, inapplicable, invalid and/ or inefficient, this shall not affect or impair in any manner, and shall not be used, opposed and/ or claimed by any individual against the full force, validity, efficiency, and enforceability of the other provisions herein, provided said provisions are severable.

 

20.03.               The inherent validity, nature, effects, rights and obligations of, in relation with, or derived from, the Agreement shall be governed by the laws of the Argentine Republic.

 

20.04.               For all legal purposes derived from this Agreement, the Borrower, the Organizer, the Administrative Agent and the banks hereby submit irrevocably, firmly, expressly and unconditionally to the exclusive jurisdiction and competence of the Courts of Civil and Commercial Affairs of the Legal Department of San Isidro, Buenos Aires Province, waiving any other jurisdiction which may apply.

 

20.05                  To the extent the Banks, the Administrative Agent, the Organizer, or the Borrower have or hereafter may acquire any jurisdiction immunity from being sued in or out of court and/ or notified of any sue, in or out of court, and/ or that any of its property may be sequestrated and/ or executed, they hereby waive irrevocably, expressly, firmly and unconditionally to said immunity to the extent permitted by the governing law.

 

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20.06.               (a) For all legal purposes derived from this Agreement, the Parties hereto establish the following registered office, where all the in or out of court communications, appointments, summons, claims, inquiries and notices among the Parties will be construed as valid and binding:

 

RIZOBACTER ARGENTINA S.A. ,

 

the Borrower

 

Avenida Dr. Arturo Frondizi Nº 1150, Calle N° 1 - Parque Industrial, Pergamino, Provincia de Buenos Aires, República Argentina.

 

BANCO DE GALICIA Y BUENOS AIRES S.A. ,

 

the Organizer and Bank

 

Avenida Julio A. Roca 498, Pergamino, Provincia de Buenos Aires, República Argentina.

 

BANCO DE GALICIA Y BUENOS AIRES S.A. ,

 

the Administrative Agent

 

Avenida Julio A. Roca 498, Pergamino, Provincia de Buenos Aires, República Argentina.

 

BANCO SANTANDER RÍO S.A. ,

 

the Bank

 

***.

 

BANCO HIPOTECARIO S.A. ,

 

the Bank

 

***.

 

BANCO MARIVA S.A. ,

 

the Bank

 

***.

 


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(b) The registered offices shall only be changed by other registered offices located in the same jurisdiction. The other Parties and the Administrative Agent shall receive *** business days advance notice of said change. Express written consent from the Parties and the Administrative Agent shall be required for such modification.

 

(c) All communications, appointments, summons, claims, inquiries, requests and notices under this Agreement shall be in writing. All notices, requirements or any other communications shall be sent to the addresses stated herein, or to the new address duly notified or authorized as established in  Section 20.06(b) . Notices sent by public deed, registered telegram, registered letter or international courier to the addresses stated below each signature shall be valid. Notices shall be valid at the time of reception, and a notice shall only be considered as received by any of the Parties to the extent the sender received written evidence of said reception. Written evidence shall be the signature in the notary public’s minute, and/ or proof of receipt issued by the post office or international courier.

 

20.07.               The Parties agree, represent and warrant to have read and fully understood all the terms and conditions of the Agreement and the other Documents of the Transaction, to have had the opportunity to revise the Agreement herein with a legal advisor, to have signed the Agreement herein, as appropriate, using their own judgment and understanding. The Parties agree that the contra proferentem  principle of the interpretation of the agreements cannot and shall not be applied to the provisions of this Agreement and the other Documents of the Transaction; that is, any ambiguity, inconsistency or conflict among the Parties shall be solved in accordance with the most reasonable interpretation and not strictly in favor or against any of the Parties herein pursuant to the authorship of any Party of a provision herein or of any of its preliminary drafts. Pursuant to the afore-mentioned, the Parties agree that the Agreement herein and the other Documents of the Transaction are not standard contracts under the terms of article 984 of the Argentine Code of Civil and Commercial Procedure, being this provision a fundamental condition of the agreement.

 


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20.08.               The Parties herein express that the legal relation pursuant to the Agreement does not imply a long-term agreement and that no expectation exists regarding the renewal or extension of the Agreement herein. Neither Party shall be obliged under the terms of Article 1011 of the Argentine Code of Civil and Commercial Procedure and, therefore, shall have total freedom to decide upon not entering into a new agreement with the other Party once the Loan is terminated for whatever reason.

 

20.09.               The Parties herein express that the Documents of the Transaction bear no connection to any other agreement, contract or pact entered into among the Parties, among the Parties and third parties, between one Party and third parties, or only among third parties, under the terms of Article 1073 and amendments of the Argentine Code of Civil and Commercial Procedure. The Parties hereto expressly waive the right to raise any or certain defenses stipulated in article 1075 and amendments of the Argentine Code of Civil and Commercial Procedure.

 

20.10.               The Borrower waives to perform, agree or allow the subrogation of the Banks’ rights under Article 917 of the Argentine Code of Civil and Commercial Procedure. Payment thru a third party shall only be allowed in writing by the Banks and only if said third party (i) subordinates his/ her credit against the Borrower in terms satisfactory to each Bank and (ii) uses funds of legitimate origin.

 

20.11.               Notwithstanding the rights conferred to the Banks in case of events of breach and expiration of terms, the Banks may, pursuant to Article 1032 of the Argentine Code of Civil and Commercial Procedure, request from the Borrower sufficient adequate assurances or additional warranties if the rights of the Banks under this Agreement were endangered because the Borrower underwent a significant reduction in its solvency or in its capacity to meet its obligations hereunder and the other Documents of the Transaction. The Borrower shall comply with said requirement within *** business days after the claim.

 


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20.12.               Pursuant to Article 1379 of the Argentine Code of Civil and Commercial Procedure, the Parties expressly state that the Loan corresponds to the Banks’ commercial portfolio, in accordance with the listing published by the BCRA.

 

20.13.               Considering that the Agreement herein implements a loan transaction by which the Borrower shall receive funds on loan from the Banks, the Borrower agrees not to apply, and waives, the right of information stipulated in Article 1382 of the Argentine Code of Civil and Commercial Procedure.

 

XXI

CONFIDENTIALITY

 

21.01.               The Parties hereto agree that all confidential information exchanged between them pursuant to this Agreement and the other Documents of the Transaction shall be strictly confidential and neither Party shall be entitled to disclose said information without prior written consent from the other Parties.

 

21.02.               The obligations undertaken by the Parties regarding not using or disclosing the confidential information shall not be enforceable to the information that: (i) is, now or in the future, in the public domain thru publications or other media, and this will not imply default by the Party who obtains said information; (ii) is in the domain of any of the Parties before receiving said information from the relevant Party; or (iii) is produced separately by any Party; (iv) is transmitted or disclosed by any of the Banks to its head office, subsidiaries, affiliates and/ or potential assignees.

 

21.03.               The Parties shall be entitled to disclose the key terms and conditions of the Loan (including, but not limiting, amount, interest rate, legal framework and terms) in order to advertise the granting of the loan.

 

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21.04.               This  Section  XXI shall be valid for *** from the date of the full repayment of the Loan.

 

The Parties hereto authorize the individuals listed in  Exhibit D  to write, on their behalf, their initials on the pages of the Agreement hereto (except the signature pages), which, by virtue of the powers of attorney, shall be construed to all effects as signed by the Parties themselves.

 

In witness whereof, the Parties hereby sign six (6) copies, all of them of the same tenor and to the same effect.

 


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[ Signatures on the next page ]

 

61


 

For RIZOBACTER ARGENTINA S.A. ,

 

the Borrower

 

Jorge Wagner

 

 

/s/

 

/s/

Print name:

 

Print name:

Acting as: Representative

 

Acting as: Representative

 

 

For BANCO DE GALICIA Y BUENOS AIRES S.A. ,

 

the Organizer and Bank

 

***

 

 

/s/

 

/s/

Print name:

 

Print name:

Acting as: Representative

 

Acting as: Representative

 


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For BANCO DE GALICIA Y BUENOS AIRES S.A. ,

 

the Administrative Agent

 

***

 

 

/s/

 

/s/

Print name:

 

Print name:

Acting as: Representative

 

Acting as: Representative

 

For BANCO SANTANDER RÍO S.A. ,

 

the Bank

 

***

 

***

/s/

 

/s/

Print name:

 

Print name:

Acting as: Representative

 

Acting as: Representative

 

For BANCO HIPOTECARIO S.A. ,

 

the Bank

 

***

 

***

/s/

 

/s/

Print name:

 

Print name:

Acting as: Representative

 

Acting as: Representative

 


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For BANCO MARIVA S.A. ,

 

the Bank

 

***

 

/s/

 

Print name:

 

Acting as: Chairman of the Board of Directors

 

 

 


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Exhibit 2.2

 

CREDIT AGREEMENT

 

dated as of
September 12, 2018

 

by and among

 

BIOCERES S.A. ,
as Borrower,

 

RASA HOLDING LLC
as Guarantor,

 

And

 

BAF LATAM CREDIT FUND B.V .,
as Lender

 


 

Table of Contents

 

ARTICLE I Definitions

5

 

 

 

SECTION 1.01.

Defined Terms

5

SECTION 1.02.

Terms Generally

12

 

 

 

ARTICLE II Facility and Loans

12

 

 

 

SECTION 2.01.

Facility

12

SECTION 2.02.

Borrowing Requests

12

SECTION 2.03.

Funding and Confirmation of Loans Promissory Notes

13

SECTION 2.04.

Termination of Facility Amount

13

SECTION 2.05.

Repayment of Loans

14

SECTION 2.06.

Prepayment of Loans

14

SECTION 2.07.

Fees

14

SECTION 2.08.

Interest

14

SECTION 2.09.

Increased Costs

15

SECTION 2.10.

Taxes

15

SECTION 2.11.

Payments Generally

17

SECTION 2.12.

Currency of Payment

17

 

 

 

ARTICLE III Assigned Accounts

19

 

 

 

SECTION 3.01.

Assignment of Accounts

19

SECTION 3.02.

Delivery of Documents

19

SECTION 3.03.

Collection

19

SECTION 3.04.

Loan Parties Remain Liable

20

 

 

 

ARTICLE IV Guaranty

20

 

 

 

SECTION 4.01.

Guaranty

20

SECTION 4.02.

Nature of Liability

21

SECTION 4.03.

Independent Obligation

21

SECTION 4.04.

Authorization

21

SECTION 4.05.

Reliance

22

SECTION 4.06.

Subordination

22

SECTION 4.07.

Waiver

23

SECTION 4.08.

Limitation on Guaranty

23

 

 

 

ARTICLE V Conditions Precedent

24

 

 

 

SECTION 5.01.

Closing Date

24

SECTION 5.02.

All Loans

24

 


 

ARTICLE VI Representations and Warranties

25

 

 

 

SECTION 6.01.

Organization; Powers

25

SECTION 6.02.

Authorization; No Contravention

25

SECTION 6.03.

Governmental Approvals; Other Consents

25

SECTION 6.04.

Execution and Delivery; Binding Effect

25

SECTION 6.05.

Financial Condition; No Material Adverse Change

25

SECTION 6.06.

Properties

26

SECTION 6.07.

Litigation and Environmental Matters

26

SECTION 6.08.

Compliance with Laws and Agreements

26

SECTION 6.09.

Taxes

27

SECTION 6.10.

Disclosure

27

SECTION 6.11.

Pari Passu Ranking

27

SECTION 6.12.

No immunity; Proper Legal Form; No Need to Qualify Under [the Laws of Argentina) or other applicable Law

27

SECTION 6.13.

Exchange Controls

28

 

 

 

ARTICLE VII Affirmative Covenants

28

 

 

 

SECTION 7.01.

Financial Statements; Other Information

28

SECTION 7.02.

Notices of Material Events

29

SECTION 7.03.

Existence; Conduct of Business

29

SECTION 7.04.

Payment of Obligations

30

SECTION 7.05.

Maintenance of Properties; Insurance

30

SECTION 7.06.

Books and Records; Inspection Rights

30

SECTION 7.07.

Compliance with Laws

30

SECTION 7.08.

Anti-Corruption Laws

30

SECTION 7.09.

Accuracy of Information

30

 

 

 

ARTICLE VIII ARTICLE VIII Negative Covenants

31

 

 

 

SECTION 8.01.

Loans and Guarantees

31

SECTION 8.02.

Liens

31

SECTION 8.03.

Negative Pledge

31

SECTION 8.04.

Dividend Payments

31

SECTION 8.05.

Fundamental Changes

31

SECTION 8.06.

Use of Proceeds

32

SECTION 8.07.

Replacement of auditors

32

 

 

 

ARTICLE IX Events of Default

32

 

 

 

SECTION 9.01.

Events of Default

32

 

3


 

SECTION 9.02.

Remedies

34

 

 

 

ARTICLE X Miscellaneous

35

 

 

 

SECTION 10.01.

Notices

35

SECTION 10.02.

Waivers; Amendments

36

SECTION 10.03.

Expenses; Indemnity; Damage Waiver

36

SECTION 10.04.

Successors and Assigns

37

SECTION 10.05.

Survival

38

SECTION 10.06.

Counterparts; Effectiveness

38

SECTION 10.07.

Severability

39

SECTION 10.08.

Right of Setoff

39

SECTION 10.09.

Governing Law; Jurisdiction: Consent to Service of Process

39

SECTION 10.10.

WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL

40

SECTION 10.11.

Headings

40

SECTION 10.12.

Confidentiality

40

SECTION 10.13.

Payments Set Aside

41

SECTION 10.14.

Judgment Currency

41

SECTION 10.15.

Waiver of Immunity

42

SECTION 10.16.

Release of Collateral

42

 

 

 

Exhibit A - Borrowing Requests

43

Exhibit B - Promissory Notes

44

Exhibit C - Assignment Agreement

45

Schedule 1 - Account Debtor

46

Schedule 4 - Existing Shareholders

47

Schedule 7.07 - Disclosed Matters

48

Schedule 8.01 - Indebtedness

49

 

4


 

This CREDIT AGREEMENT, dated as of September 12, 2018 (this “ Agreement ” or “ Master Agreement ”), is entered into by and among BIOCERES S.A., an Argentinian company, domiciled at 210 bis Ocampo St., City of Rosario (the “ Borrower ”), RASA HOLDING LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, domiciled at 1209 Orange St., Wilmington, New Castle, Delaware (19801) (“ Guarantor 1 ”), and BAF LATAM CREDIT FUND B.V ., a Netherlands company, domiciled at 7 De Boelelaan St., Amsterdam (1083HJ), The Netherlands, represented herein by the signatories indicated on the signature pages hereof (the “ Lender ”).

 

PRELIMINARY STATEMENTS

 

WHEREAS, the Borrower and the Guarantor are related companies,

 

WHEREAS, Guarantor is willing to guarantee the Obligations of the Borrower hereunder on a joint and several basis;

 

WHEREAS, the Borrower has requested that the Lender extend credit in the form of Loans to be advanced from time to time during the Availability Period, in an aggregate principal amount not in excess of 5,000,000.00 (DOLLARS FIVE MILLIONS 00/100), the proceeds of such Loans to be used to finance working capital to prefinance its export operations and of its Affiliates companies, and other corporate affairs;

 

WHEREAS, the Lender is willing to extend such credit to the Borrower on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein;

 

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the agreements, provisions and covenants contained herein, the parties hereto hereby agree as follows:

 

ARTICLE I
Definitions

 

SECTION 1.01.    Defined Terms . As used in this Agreement, the following terms have the meanings specified below:

 

Account Debtor ” means each Person obligated on an Assigned Account as specified in Schedule 1 and any other Person from time to time added to Schedule 1 with the prior consent of the Lender.

 

Accounting Standards ” accounting standards generally applied in Argentina.

 

Affiliate ” means, with respect to a specified Person, another Person that directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, Controls or is Controlled by or is under common Control with the Person specified.

 

Agreement ” has the meaning specified in the introductory paragraph hereof.

 

Anti-Corruption Laws ” means (a) the United States Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended, and any rules or regulations thereunder, (b) the United Kingdom Bribery Act

 


 

2010, (c) Sections 256 to 259 of the Argentine Criminal Code ( Código Penal de la Nación ), Argentine Law No. 25,188 and Argentine National Decree No. 41/99, (d) the Inter-American Convention against Corruption ( Convención Interamericana contra la Corrupción ) approved by Argentine Law No. 24,759, (e) Argentine law No. 27,401 on criminal responsibility of legal entities, (f) the United Nations Convention against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Money Laundering 1988, Law No. 24,072, passed in April 1992 and other anti-corruption convention signed without reservations by Argentina and (g) any other legislation similar to the foregoing in other jurisdictions.

 

Applicable Law ” means, with respect to any Person, any statutes, laws, treaties, rules, regulations, orders, decrees, writs, injunctions or determinations of any arbitrator or court or other Governmental Authority, in each case applicable to or binding upon such Person or any of its property or to which such Person or any of its property is subject.

 

Argentine Corporations Law ” means Argentine Law No. 19,550, as amended and supplemented.

 

Assigned Account ” means all collection rights of a Loan Party of a monetary obligation under any commercial transaction between the Borrower, Guarantor and/or Affiliate and an Assigned Debtor, details of which shall be attached to the Assignment Agreement, that shall be assigned by such Loan Party to the Lender under the terms of the Assignment Agreement.

 

Assignment Agreement ” means the assignment agreement between the Borrower, the Guarantor and/or its Affiliates, and the Lender, substantially in the form of Exhibit C, in the even that ant commercial transaction between the Borrower, the Guarantor and/or its Affiliates and an Assigned Debtor is consummated, pursuant to which the Borrower, the Guarantor and/or its Affiliates assign[s] the Assigned Accounts to the Lender as collateral security for the Obligations.

 

Availability Period ” means the period from and including the Dosing Date to but including, the earlier of (a) December 31st 2018 and (b) the date of termination of the Facility.

 

Borrower ” has the meaning specified in the introductory paragraph hereof.

 

Borrower Account ” means the account of the Borrower at:

 

Bank: HSBC Bank USA N.A.
Fifth Avenue Office
452 Fifth Avenue
New York New York 10018
Routing No.: 021001088
ABA No.. 021001088
Swift Code: MRMDUS33
Account No.: 048-35165-2
Beneficiario: BIOCERES S.A.

 

or such other account as may be designated by the Borrower and notified to the Lender in writing.

 

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Borrowing Request ” means a request by the Borrower for a Loan in accordance with 2.02, substantially in the form of Exhibit A.

 

Business Day ” means any day that is not a Saturday, Sunday or other day on which banking institutions in the City of Buenos Aires or New York City are authorized or required by law to close.

 

Change in Law ” means the occurrence, after the date of this Agreement, of any of the following: (a) the adoption or taking effect of any law, rule, regulation or treaty, (b) any change in any law, rule, regulation or treaty or in the administration, interpretation, implementation or application thereof by any Governmental Authority or (c) the making or issuance of any request, rule, guideline or directive (whether or not having the force of law) by any Governmental Authority; provided that notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, (x) the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and all requests, rules, guidelines or directives thereunder or issued in connection therewith and (y) all requests, rules, guidelines or directives promulgated by the Bank for International Settlements, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (or any successor or similar authority) or the United States or foreign regulatory authorities, in each case pursuant to Basel III, shall in each case be deemed to be a “Change in Law”, regardless of the date enacted, adopted or issued.

 

Change of Control ” means (i) a consolidation or merger with or into any other corporation or other entity or person, or any other corporate reorganization or transaction, in which the stockholders immediately prior to such consolidation, merger or reorganization, own less than 50% of the voting power of the surviving entity immediately after such consolidation, merger or reorganization or (ii) a sale, lease, conveyance, exclusive license or other disposition of all or substantially all of its assets, with the exception of the sale of any assets to Union Acquisition Corporation.

 

Closing Date ” means the date on which the conditions specified in Section 5.01 are satisfied (or waived in accordance with Section 10.02).

 

Code ” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.

 

Collateral ” means any and all “Collateral”, “Security Assets” or any term of similar meaning, as defined in any applicable Collateral Document, and any and all property of  whatever kind or nature subject to or purported to be subject to a Lien under any Collateral Document.

 

Collateral Documents ” means the Assignment Agreement.

 

Control ” means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management or policies of a Person, whether through the ability to exercise voting power, by contract or otherwise. “Controlling” and “Controlled” have meanings correlative thereto.

 

Debtor Relief Law ” means the Bankruptcy Code of the United States of America (Title 11 of the United States Code, 11 U.S.C. §§ 101 et seq.) and all other liquidation,

 

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conservatorship, bankruptcy, assignment for the benefit of creditors, moratorium, rearrangement, receivership, insolvency, reorganization, or similar debtor relief laws of the United States of America, the Republic of Argentina, or other applicable jurisdictions from time to time in effect.

 

Default ” means any event or condition which constitutes an Event of Default or which upon notice, lapse of time or both would, unless cured or waived, become an Event of Default.

 

Disclosed Matters ” means the actions, suits and proceedings and the environmental matters disclosed in Schedule 7.07.

 

Dividend Payment ” means, collectively, (a) all distributions of a Loan Party and its Subsidiaries (in cash, property, or obligations) on, (b) other payments or distributions on account of, (c) the setting apart of money for a sinking or other analogous fund for.

 

Dollar Securities ” means any [Argentine] public foreign debt instruments denominated in Dollars and/or any other public or private bond or tradable security issued in [Argentina] and denominated in Dollars.

 

Dollars ” or “ $ ” refers to lawful money of the United States of America.

 

Environmental Laws ” means all laws, rules, regulations, codes, ordinances, orders, decrees, judgments, injunctions, notices or binding agreements issued, promulgated or entered into by any Governmental Authority, relating in any way to the environment, preservation or reclamation of natural resources, the management, release or threatened release of any Hazardous Material or to health and safety matters.

 

Environmental Liability ” means any liability, contingent or otherwise (including any liability for damages, costs of environmental remediation, fines, penalties or indemnities), of any Loan Party directly or indirectly resulting from or based upon (a) violation of any Environmental Law, (b) the generation, use, handling, transportation, storage, treatment or disposal of any Hazardous Materials, (c) exposure to any Hazardous Materials, (d) the release or threatened release of any Hazardous Materials into the environment or (e) any contract, agreement or other consensual arrangement pursuant to which liability is assumed or imposed with respect to any of the foregoing.

 

Event of Default ” has the meaning specified in Section 9.01.

 

Existing Shareholders ” means each of the Persons listed on Schedule 4,

 

Facility ” means the credit facility made available under this Agreement as described in Section 2.01.

 

Facility Amount ” means the maximum aggregate principal amount of Loans that the Lender makes available to the Borrower under Section 2.03, as such amount may be reduced from time to time pursuant to Section 2.04. The initial Facility Amount is $ 5,000,000.00 (DOLLARS FIVE MILLIONS 001/00).

 

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Financial Officer ” means the chief financial officer, principal accounting officer, treasurer, controller or other executive financial officer of the Borrower

 

Governmental Authority ” means the government of the United States of America, the Republic of Argentina, or any other nation, or of any political subdivision thereof, whether state or local, and any agency, authority, instrumentality, regulatory body, court, central bank or other entity exercising executive, legislative, judicial, taxing, regulatory or administrative powers or functions of or pertaining to government (including any supra-national bodies such as the European Union or the European Central Bank).

 

Guarantor ” has the meaning specified in the introductory paragraph hereof.

 

Guaranty ” means the guaranty of the Obligations of the Borrower made by the Guarantor pursuant to Article IV of this Agreement

 

Hazardous Materials ” means all explosive or radioactive substances or wastes and all hazardous or toxic substances, wastes or other pollutants, including petroleum or petroleum distillates, asbestos or asbestos containing materials, polychlorinated biphenyls, radon gas, infectious or medical wastes and all other substances or wastes of any nature regulated pursuant to any Environmental Law.

 

Indebtedness ” of any Person means, without duplication, (a) all obligations of such Person for borrowed money and all obligations of such Person evidenced by bonds, debentures, notes, loan agreements or other similar instruments, (b) all direct or contingent obligations of such Person arising under (i) letters of credit (including standby and commercial), bankers’ acceptances and bank guaranties and (ii) surety bonds, performance bonds and similar instruments issued or created by or for the account of such Person, (c) all obligations of such Person to pay the deferred purchase price of property or services (other than trade accounts payable in the ordinary course of business), (d) indebtedness (excluding prepaid interest thereon) secured by a Lien on property owned or being purchased by such Person (including indebtedness arising under conditional sales or other title retention agreements), whether or not such indebtedness shall have been assumed by such Person or is limited in recourse, (e) all guarantee obligations of such Person in respect of obligations of the kind referred to in clauses (a) through (d) above, and (f) any guaranties, bonds or any other form of security issued by such Person in its favor or in favor of any other third party

 

Interest Payment Date ” means each repayment date for repayment of Interest as foreseen in each Borrowing Request.

 

Interest Rate ” has the meaning specified in Section 2.08 herein

 

Lender ” has the meaning specified in the introductory paragraph hereof.

 

Lender Account ” means the account of the Lender at:

 

Intermediary Bank:
Bank of New York
One Wall Street

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US-New York
ABA: 021000018
Swift-Code: IRVTUS3NXXX

 

Beneficiary Bank:
Credit Suisse, Zurich
Swift Code: CRESCHZZ80A

 

Beneficiary information:
Beneficiary: BAF Latam Credit Fund B.V.
Address: De Boelelaan 7, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Beneficiary account #: 2400593-22
IBAN: CH07 0486 6240 0593 2200 0

 

or such other account as may be designated by the Lender and notified to the Borrower in writing.

 

Lien ” means, with respect to any asset, (a) any mortgage, deed of trust, lien, pledge, hypothecation, encumbrance, charge or security interest in, on or of such asset, (b) the interest of a vendor or a lessor under any conditional sale agreement, capital lease or title retention agreement (or any financing lease having substantially the same economic effect as any of the foregoing) relating to such asset and (c) in the case of securities, any purchase option, call or similar right of a third party with respect to such securities.

 

Loan Documents ” means this Agreement, each Collateral Document, each Promissory Note and each Borrowing Request (and each document relating to the Assigned Accounts or any other Collateral Document) and any other agreement entered into in connection herewith by any Loan Party with or in favor of the Lender, in each case including schedules and exhibits thereto, any amendments, modifications or supplements thereto or waivers thereof and any other document, certificate, instrument or agreement designated as a Loan Document by any Loan Party and the Lender.

 

Loan Party ” means the Borrower and the Guarantor.

 

Loans ” means the loans made by the Lender to the Borrower pursuant to this Agreement.

 

Loans and Guaranties ” of any Person means any loan granted by such Person in favor of any other third person or entity.

 

Master Agreement ” has the meaning specified in the introductory paragraph hereof.

 

Material Adverse Effect ” means (a) a material adverse change in, or a material adverse effect on, the business, operations, assets or condition (financial or otherwise), or prospects of any of the Loan Parties and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole or any Guarantor and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole; or (b) a material adverse effect on (i) the ability of any of the Loan parties or any Guarantor to perform any of the Obligations or its guaranty of the obligations (as applicable), (ii) the legality, validity, binding effect or enforceability against any of the Loan

 

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Parties or any other Loan Party of any Loan Document to which it is a party or (iii) the rights, remedies and benefits available to, or conferred upon, the Lender under any Loan Document

 

Obligations ” means all advances to, and debts, liabilities, obligations, covenants and duties of, the Loan Parties arising under any Loan Document or otherwise with respect to any Loan, whether direct or indirect (including those acquired by assumption), absolute or contingent, due or to become due, now existing or hereafter arising and including interest and fees —if applicable— that accrue after the commencement by or against any Loan Party or any Affiliate thereof of any proceeding under any Debtor Relief. Without limiting the foregoing, the Obligations include (a) the obligation to pay principal, interest, expenses, fees. indemnities and other amounts payable by any Loan Party under any Loan Document and (b) the obligation of the Loan Parties to reimburse any amount in respect of any of the foregoing that the Lender, in each case in its sole discretion, may elect to pay or advance on behalf of the applicable Loan Party.

 

Other Taxes ” means all present or future stamp, court or documentary, intangible, recording, filing or similar Taxes that arise from any payment made under, from the execution, delivery, performance, enforcement or registration of, from the receipt or perfection of a security interest under, or otherwise with respect to, any Loan Document.

 

Person ” means any natural person, corporation, limited liability company, trust, joint venture, association, company, partnership, Governmental Authority or other entity.

 

Pesos ” or “ ARS ” means lawful money of the Republic of Argentina.

 

Process Agent ” has the meaning specified in Section 10.09(e).

 

Promissory Note ” means any promissory note of the Borrower issued pursuant to Section 2.03(b), substantially in the form of Exhibit B.

 

Related Parties ” means, with respect to any Person, such Person’s Affiliates and the partners, directors, officers, employees, agents, trustees, advisors and representatives of such Person and of such Person’s Affiliates.

 

Repayment Date ” has the meaning specified in Section 2.02(a)(iii).

 

Specified Assigned Account ” has the meaning specified in Section 3.01(b).

 

Subsidiary ” of a Person means a corporation, partnership, limited liability company, association or joint venture or other business entity of which a majority of the equity interests having ordinary voting power for the election of directors or other governing body (other than securities or interests having such power only by reason of the happening of a contingency) are at the time owned or the management of which is controlled, directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, by such Person. Unless otherwise specified, all references herein to a “Subsidiary” or to “Subsidiaries” shall refer to a Subsidiary or Subsidiaries of the Borrower.

 

Sum Due ” has the meaning specified in Section 2.02(a)(iii).

 

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Taxes ” means all present and future taxes, levies, imposts, duties, deductions, withholdings (including backup withholding), assessments, fees and other charges imposed by any Governmental Authority, including any interest, additions to tax or penalties applicable thereto.

 

Termination Date ” means 180 (one hundred and eighty) days as of the end of the Availability Period.

 

Total Banking and Financial Debt ” means, in relation to the Borrower, as applicable, the debt taken from banking and financial entities, and those represented with bonds, debts of financial trusts, and leasing debts (either short-term debt or long-term debt) minus cash and cash equivalents of Borrower according to the last audited financial statements.

 

SECTION 1.02.   Terms Generally . The definitions of terms herein shall apply equally to the singular and plural forms of the terms defined. Whenever the context may require, any pronoun shall include the corresponding masculine, feminine and neuter forms. The words Include’, Includes” and “including” shall be deemed to be followed by the phrase “without limitation”. The word “will” shall be construed to have the same meaning and effect as the word “shall”. Unless the context requires otherwise (a) any definition of or reference to any agreement, instrument or other document herein shall be construed as referring to such agreement, instrument or other document as from time to time amended, supplemented or otherwise modified (subject to any restrictions on such amendments, supplements or modifications set forth herein), (b) any reference herein to any Person shall be construed to include such Person’s successors and assigns, (c) the words “herein”, “hereof’ and “hereunder”, and words of similar import, shall be construed to refer to this Agreement in its entirety and not to any particular provision hereof, (d) all references herein to Articles, Sections, Exhibits and Schedules shall be construed to refer to Articles and Sections of, and Exhibits and Schedules to, this Agreement and (e) the words “asset” and “properly” shall be construed to have the same meaning and effect and to refer to any and all tangible and intangible assets and properties, including cash, securities, accounts and contract rights.

 

ARTICLE II
Facility and Loans

 

SECTION 2.01.   Facility . (a) Subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein, the Lender agrees to make Loans to the Borrower from time to time during the Availability Period in an aggregate principal amount that will not result in the aggregate principal amount of Loans outstanding at any time to exceed the Facility Amount. Within the foregoing limits and subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein, the Borrower may borrow, repay, prepay Loans.

 

(b) The Facility is an uncommitted facility and therefore the Lender has the sole and absolute discretion to determine whether or not to make any Loan under this Agreement.

 

SECTION 2.02.   Borrowing Requests . (a) To request a Loan, the Borrower shall deliver a Borrowing Request, duly completed and executed by each Loan Party, to the Lender, not later than fifteen (15) Business Days before the date of the proposed Loan (or such shorter

 

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period as may be acceptable to the Lender in its sole discretion). Each such Borrowing Request shall be irrevocable and shall specify the following information:

 

(i) the aggregate principal amount of the requested Loan,

 

(ii) the interest rate to apply to the aggregate principal amount of the requested Loan as agreed between the Borrower and the Lender;

 

(iii) the repayment date of the requested Loan (the “Repayment Date”) and the aggregate amount expected to be payable on such repayment date (the “Sum Due”), calculated on the basis of the agreed interest rate applicable to such Loan;

 

(b) Together with each Borrowing Request, the Borrower shall prepare, execute and deliver to the Lender a Promissory Note payable to the Lender.

 

(c) Each Loan Party hereby agrees that the Lender shall in no event have any liability to the Borrower for accepting or declining to accept any Borrowing Request received from the Borrower. Each Loan Party expressly and irrevocably waives any claim it may otherwise have against the Lender based upon the Lender’s acceptance or rejection of any Borrowing Request.

 

(d) Upon receipt of a Borrowing Request, the Lender will review such Borrowing Request to confirm that all information contained therein and documents attached thereto are, to its satisfaction, accurate, complete and in accordance with the requirements of Section 2.02(a). Notwithstanding the above, the Lender is not required to carry out any investigation or due diligence or to seek any confirmation from any Person in respect of any Borrowing Request or any document attached thereto and the Lender shall not be responsible for any misrepresentation, inaccuracy or omission in relation to any Borrowing Request.

 

SECTION 2.03.   Funding and Confirmation of Loans Promissory Notes . (a) Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement (including, without limitation, Section 2.02(d) and 6.02, the amount of the Loan will be credited to the Borrower Account.

 

(b) Without prejudice to Section 2.08 (c), each Loan shall be evidenced by a Promissory Note which shall be delivered to the Lender with the applicable Borrowing Request in accordance with 2.02(b). Each Promissory Note shall be substantially in the form of Exhibit B and executed by authorized signatories of each Loan Party before a notary public in [Argentina].

 

(c) Within five (5) Business Days of receiving any Loan proceeds, the Borrower shall confirm such receipt in writing to the Lender. If the Borrower fails to send such confirmation within ten (10) days after such Loan proceeds are credited to the Borrower Account, the Borrower will be deemed to have accepted such Loan proceeds in the Borrower Account.

 

SECTION 2.04.   Termination of Facility Amount . (a) Unless previously terminated, the Facility shall terminate on the Termination Date.

 

(b) The Borrower may at any time terminate the Facility, the Facility Amount:

 

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(c) The Borrower shall notify the Lender of any election to terminate the Facility at least 30 (thirty) Business Days prior to the effective date of such termination or reduction, specifying such election and the effective date thereof. Each notice delivered by the Borrower pursuant to this Section shall be irrevocable. Any termination of the Facility shall be permanent.

 

SECTION 2.05.   Repayment of Loans . The Borrower shall repay the Sum Due under each Loan on the applicable repayment date specified in the applicable Borrowing Request, which repayment date shall in no event be later than the Termination Date. If the repayment date specified in any Borrowing Request is later than the Termination Date, the Borrower shall repay the Sum Due under the applicable Loan on the Termination Date.

 

SECTION 2.06.   Prepayment of Loans .

 

(a)  The Borrower may, upon irrevocable written notice to the Lender, at any time or from time to time, prepay the Loans in whole or in part without premium or penalty. Any such notice of prepayment must be received by the Lender not later than 30 (thirty) Business Days before the date of prepayment. Each such notice shall specify the date and amount of such prepayment. If such notice is given by the Borrower, the Borrower shall make such prepayment and the payment amount specified in such notice, shall be due and payable on the date specified therein.

 

SECTION 2.07.   Fees . If applicable: (a)Any and all fees payable hereunder shall be paid on the dates due, in immediately available funds, to the Lender. Fees paid shall not be refundable under any circumstances.

 

SECTION 2.08.   Interest . (a) Each Loan shall bear interest at the interest rate specified in the applicable Borrowing Request, without prejudice to the dispositions set forth below (the “Interest Rate”).

 

(b) If there is no Interest Rate indicated on the relevant Borrowing Request, the applicable Interest Rate to the Loan thereunder shall be an annual nominal rate of 9.875% (nine point eight seven five percent).

 

(c) Notwithstanding the foregoing, if any principal of or interest on any Loan or any fee —if applicable— or other amount payable by the Borrower hereunder is not paid when due, whether at stated maturity, upon acceleration or otherwise, such overdue amount shall bear interest at a rate per annum equal to 50% of the rate applicable to such Loan, plus the rate otherwise applicable to such Loan.

 

(d) Accrued interest on each Loan shall be payable in arrears on each Interest Payment Date for such Loan and upon termination of the Facility. provided that (i) interest accrued pursuant to paragraph (c) of this Section shall be payable on demand, and (ii) in the event of any repayment of any Loan, accrued interest on the principal amount repaid shall be payable on the date of such repayment.

 

(e) All interest hereunder shall be computed on the basis of a year of 360 days (or 361 days in a leap year), and in each case shall be payable for the actual number of days elapsed (including the first and last day).

 

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SECTION 2.09.   Increased Costs . (a) If any Change in Law shall:

 

(i) impose, modify or deem applicable any reserve, special deposit, liquidity or similar requirement (including any compulsory loan requirement, insurance charge or other assessment) against assets of, deposits with or for the account of, or credit extended by, the Lender;

 

(ii) impose on the Lender any other condition, cost or expense (other than Taxes) affecting this Agreement or Loans made by the Lender; or

 

(iii) subject the Lender to any Taxes (other than (A) a withholding or deduction for Taxes, (B) Other Taxes, (C) Taxes compensated for by Section 2.10(d) (or would have been compensated under Section 2.10(d) but was not so compensated solely because of any exclusion under Section 2.10(d)(ii)) on its loans, loan principal, commitments, or other obligations, or its deposits, reserves, other liabilities or capital attributable thereto;

 

and the result of any of the foregoing shall be to increase the cost to the Lender of making or maintaining any Loan (or of maintaining its obligation to make any such Loan) or to reduce the amount of any sum received or receivable by the Lender hereunder (whether of principal, interest or otherwise), then the Borrower will pay to the Lender such additional amount or amounts as will compensate the Lender for such additional costs incurred or reduction suffered.

 

(b) if the Lender determines that any Change in Law regarding capital or liquidity requirements has or would have the effect of reducing the rate of return on the Lenders capital or on the capital of the Lenders holding company, if any, as a consequence of this Agreement or the Loans made by the Lender to a level below that which the Lender or the Lender’s holding company could have achieved but for such Change in Law (taking into consideration the Lender’s policies and the policies of the Lender’s holding company with respect to capital adequacy and liquidity), then from time to time the Borrower wilt pay to the Lender such additional amount or amounts as will compensate the Lender or the Lender’s holding company for any such reduction suffered.

 

(c) A certificate of the Lender setting forth the amount or amounts necessary to compensate the Lender or its holding company, as the case may be, as specified in paragraph (a) or (b) of this Section shall be delivered to the Borrower and shall be conclusive absent manifest error, The Borrower shall pay the Lender the amount shown as due on any such certificate within 10 days after receipt thereof, unless such amount is contested by the Borrower in good faith on the grounds of manifest error.

 

(d) Failure or delay on the part of the Lender to demand compensation pursuant to this Section shall not constitute a waiver of the Lender’s right to demand such compensation

 

SECTION 2.10.   Taxes .

 

(a)  Payments Free of Taxes . Any and all payments by or on account of any Obligation of a Loan Party under any Loan Document shall be made without deduction or withholding for any Taxes, except as required by applicable law. If a Loan Party is required by any applicable law to deduct or withhold Taxes from any such payment, then the Borrower may so deduct or withhold

 

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and shall timely pay the full amount of deducted or withheld Taxes to the relevant Governmental Authority in accordance with applicable law and, then the amount payable by the Borrower shall be increased as necessary so that, net of such deduction or withholding (including such deduction or withholding applicable to additional amounts payable under this Section), the Lender receives the amount it would have received had no such deduction or withholding been made.

 

(b)  Payment of Other Taxes by the Loan Parties . The Borrower shall timely pay to the relevant Governmental Authority in accordance with applicable law and subject to all rights to dispute, delay, waive, offset or otherwise contest such payment in good faith, Other Taxes.

 

(c)  Indemnification .

 

(i) The Borrower shall indemnify the Lender within 10 days after demand therefor, for the full amount of any Taxes (including Taxes imposed or asserted on or attributable to amounts payable under this Section) payable or paid by the Lender or required to be withheld or deducted from a payment to the Lender and any reasonable expenses arising therefrom or with respect thereto, whether or not such Taxes were correctly or legally imposed or asserted by the relevant Governmental Authority.

 

(d)  Evidence of Payments . On or before the last Business Day of each year, the Borrower shall deliver to the Lender, with respect to each payment of Taxes by the Borrower to a Governmental Authority of the Borrower’s domicile, pursuant to this Section for the immediately prior year, the original or a certified copy of a receipt issued by such Governmental Authority evidencing such payment, a copy of the return reporting such payment or other evidence of such payment reasonably satisfactory to the Lender.

 

(e)  Treatment of Certain Refunds . If the Lender determines, in its sole discretion, that it has received a refund of any Taxes as to which it has been indemnified by the Borrower pursuant to this Section, it shall pay to the Borrower an amount equal to such refund (but only to the extent of indemnity payments made by the Borrower under this Section with respect to the Taxes giving rise to such refund), net of all out-of-pocket expenses (including any Taxes) of the Lender and without interest (other than any interest paid by the relevant Governmental Authority with respect to such refund). The Borrower, upon the request of the Lender, shall repay the amount paid over to the Borrower (plus any penalties, interest or other charges imposed by the relevant Governmental Authority) in the event the Lender is required to repay such refund to such Governmental Authority. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this paragraph (e), in no event will the Lender be required to pay any amount to the Borrower pursuant to this paragraph (e) the payment of which would place the Lender in a less favorable net after-Tax position than the Lender would have been in if the Tax subject to indemnification and giving rise to such refund had not been deducted, withheld or otherwise imposed and the indemnification payments or additional amounts with respect to such Tax had never been paid. This Section shall not be construed to require the Lender to make available its Tax returns (or any other information relating to its Taxes which it deems confidential) to the Borrower or any other Person.

 

(f)  Survival . Each party’s obligations under this Section shall survive the assignment of rights by the Lender, the termination of the Facility and the repayment, satisfaction or discharge

 

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of all Obligations under any Loan Document, as long as such assignment shall not imply greater tax expenses in connection to the assignee’s domicile.

 

SECTION 2.11.   Payments Generally . (a) The Borrower shall make each payment required to be made by it hereunder (whether of principal, interest or fees —if applicable—, or otherwise) to the Lender Account, on the respective date when due, in immediately available funds, without set off or counterclaim. Any amounts received after such date may, in the discretion of the Lender, be deemed to have been received on the next succeeding Business Day for purposes of calculating interest thereon. If any payment hereunder shall be due on a day that is not a Business Day, the date for payment shall be extended to the next succeeding Business Day, and, in the case of any payment accruing interest, interest thereon shall be payable for the period of such extension. All payments hereunder shall be made in Dollars.

 

(b) If at any time insufficient funds are received by and available to the Lender to pay fully all amounts of principal, interest and fees —if applicable— then due hereunder, such funds shall be applied (i) first, towards payment of interest and fees —if applicable— then due hereunder and (ii) second, towards payment of principal then due hereunder.

 

SECTION 2.12.   Currency of Payment . (a) It is an essential condition of this Agreement that all payments hereunder are made in Dollars. Each Loan Party assumes and agrees to bear responsibility for any circumstance (including in particular any circumstances involving force majeure events or acts of God) occurring hereafter which may impede or make more burdensome the purchase of Dollars, and agrees, in any such event, to make use of any exchange mechanism, whether locally or abroad, that may allow it to fulfill ail of its payment obligations arising from this Agreement in Dollars. Each Loan Party hereby irrevocably waives any claim that a payment in Dollars is unfeasible (including any defense under Article 1730 of the Argentine Civil and Commercial Code) or payable in Pesos (including pursuant to Article 765 of the Argentine Civil and Commercial Code), and acknowledges that all payment obligations to be discharged on its part as provided in this Agreement shall remain in effect and be enforceable until such time as the Lender shall receive the exact amount of Dollars payable under this Agreement except as expressly provided herein.

 

(b) If the Borrower or any Guarantor shall not be able to repay on any Repayment Date the full amount of Dollars due by the Borrower on any such Repayment Date (the ‘‘ Dollar Obligations ”) by virtue of any law or any Argentine foreign exchange regulation in force on any Repayment Date, or the taking of any action by a Governmental Authority, which in any such case prohibits, prevents or limits the conversion of Pesos to Dollars or the transfer to the Lender of Dollars to repay the Dollar Obligations, then the Loan Parties shall, during the continuance of such prohibition or restriction, pay the Dollar Obligations in Dollars to the Lender through the following alternative methods:

 

(i) through any lawful mechanism available to the Loan Parties on the Repayment Date, including (A) the purchase with Pesos of any Dollar Securities, their sale by a Loan Party in a foreign market for Dollars and the transfer to the Lender of the sale proceeds thereof in an amount equal to the Dollar Obligations; (B) the purchase of Dollars in New York City or any other city or market in which Dollars may be purchased, with any legal

 

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tender; and (C) any other mechanism for the acquisition of Dollars in any exchange market; or

 

(ii) if no alternative lawful mechanism is available to the Loan Parties on the relevant Repayment Date to pay the Dollar Obligations to the Lender, then the Loan Parties, at the Lender’s written request, shall (A) purchase, with Pesos, Dollar Securities having an aggregate market price in Dollars at the time of purchase thereof at least equal to the amount of Dollar Obligations falling due on such Repayment Date; and (B) transfer to the Lender on the relevant Repayment Date such acquired Dollar Securities to the securities account of the Lender outside of Argentina to be indicated by the Lender to the applicable Loan Party. The parties agree that any transfer of Dollar Securities to the Lender under this Section shall be made pro solvendo, and shall therefore not involve or be construed as a payment of any outstanding obligations hereunder, but shall only create a security interest for the benefit of the Lender over the transferred Dollar Securities to secure payment of the Dollar Obligations payable on the relevant Repayment Date, until the Lender can sell such Dollar Securities for Dollars, and then apply the resulting sale proceeds to the payment of the Dollar Obligations. Such sale by the Lender shall take place no later than two (2) Business Days following the date of transfer of the Dollar Securities to the Lender in a New York market, or if the Dollar Securities are not traded in New York, in any other foreign market at the election of the Lender, acting reasonably. If the sale proceeds of the Dollar Securities is less than the amount of the Dollar Obligations (including interest thereon accrued until the date of sale of the Dollar Securities in accordance with this Agreement), then the applicable Loan Party shall transfer to the Lender within two (2) Business Days of the Lender’s written request, such additional quantity of Dollar Securities that shall permit the Lender to collect the full Dollar amount of such Dollar Obligations through the sale of such additional Dollar Securities. If at any time the aggregate amount of the sale proceeds of the Dollar Securities transferred to the Lender by way of security under this Section is higher than the payable Dollar Obligations, then (A) provided an Event of Default shall not have occurred and be continuing, the Lender shall promptly return the applicable excess to the applicable Loan Party; or (B) provided an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, the Lender shall be authorized to set-off and apply the resulting excess against and on account of any other outstanding obligations of the Loan Parties hereunder.

 

( c) No payment method under this Section shall be deemed to constitute payment of the applicable obligation until receipt by the Lender of the full amount of Dollars due in respect thereof. All reasonable costs, expenses and taxes payable in connection with compliance with this Section shall be exclusively borne by the Loan Parties.

 

(d) Nothing in this Section shall be construed to entitle any Loan Party to refuse to make payments hereunder in Dollars as and when due for any reason whatsoever (other than full, final and indefeasible payment in cash in Dollars of all amounts due under the Loan Documents), including, without limitation, any of the following: (i) the purchase of Dollars in Argentina by any means becomes more onerous or burdensome for the Loan Parties than as of the date of this Agreement; or (ii) the exchange rate in force in Argentina increases significantly from that in effect as of the date of this Agreement.

 

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ARTICLE III
Assigned Accounts

 

SECTION 3.01.         Assignment of Accounts . (a) As security for performance of all the Obligations of Borrower and as payment of the Sums Due under the Master Agreement, in the event that any commercial transaction between any Loan Party and/or its Affiliates and any of the Account Debtor is consummated, within 24 (twenty-four) hours after such commercial transaction has been agreed upon for the sale of goods by its Affiliates and/or any of the Loan Party, Borrower shall give notice to Lender of the transaction constituting the Assigned Account (including supporting agreements and/or invoices and/or other specific documents) (“ Specified Assigned Accounts ”), and within the referred term of 24 hours- the Loan Party undertake to sign jointly with the corresponding Affiliate and the Lender, the Assignment Agreement in accordance with the terms and conditions set forth in Exhibit C attached hereto, whose dispositions shall apply to the Specified Assigned Accounts.

 

(b) Since the execution of the Assignment agreement, throughout the term of the Agreement the amount of the Specified Assigned Accounts shall not he less than a 120% of all the Sums Due under the Agreement. If during the term of the Agreement the Specified Assigned Accounts do not cover the 120% of the Sums Due under the Agreement, the Lender shall include new Specified Assigned Accounts in order to comply with the referenced percentage, in accordance with the Assignment Agreement

 

(c) The parties hereto acknowledge that with respect to Assigned Accounts that are not Specified Assigned Accounts, (i) the Loan Parties shall retain title to and possession and control of such Assigned Accounts, which shall not be encumbered in favor of any party other than the Lender.

 

SECTION 3.02.         Delivery of Documents . The Borrower shall deliver to the Lender copies of all bills of lading, delivery notices, invoices and other documents relating to Specified Assigned Accounts, in each case within five (5) days of shipment of goods or delivery to or receipt from any applicable Account Debtor, as the case may be.

 

SECTION 3.03.         Collection . (a) The Loan Parties shall ensure that the due date for the payments under each and every Specified Assigned Account is on or before the last Repayment Date of the Loans under the Agreement pursuant to Section 2.02(a)(iii). If such due date for payment is later than such Repayment Date, the Loan Parties shall replace the applicable Specified Assigned Account with another Assigned Account pursuant to the Assignment Agreement.

 

(b) The Loan Parties shall notify each applicable Account Debtor of any assignment of Specified Assigned Accounts within twenty-four (24) hours of the execution of the Assignment Agreement in which such Assigned Accounts are identified as Specified Assigned Accounts and shall instruct each such Account Debtor to make payments relating to the applicable Specified Assigned Accounts to the Lender Account. The Loan Parties shall obtain the written acknowledgment and, if required under any sales contract or other instrument, consent from each Account Debtor to such assignment and will deliver a copy of such acknowledgment and, if

 

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required, consent to the Lender which shall be a condition to the Lender making the Loan requested in the applicable Borrowing Request.

 

(c) The Loan Parties shall ensure that all Specified Assigned Accounts and proceeds thereof are deposited into the Lender Account and shall mark conspicuously all invoices issued under the Specified Assigned Accounts with the following legend (both in Spanish and English):

 

“The receivable represented by this invoice, was assigned as collateral security to                      , through the Credit Agreement dated as of [                    ]. All payments relating to this invoice shall be deposited on the due date to:                          , ABA:                       , Beneficiary:                     , Account No.                        ” .

 

(d) If for any reason any amount relating to a Specified Assigned Account is not paid into the Lender Account by an Account Debtor, the Loan Parties agree to promptly deposit such amount into the Lender Account and until so deposited, such amount shall be held in trust for the benefit of the Lender.

 

SECTION 3.04.         Loan Parties Remain Liable . Each Loan Party will comply with all of its contractual obligations with any Account Debtor with respect to any Assigned Account. Anything contained herein to the contrary notwithstanding (a) the applicable Loan Party will remain liable under any Assigned Account, to the extent set forth therein, to perform all of its duties and obligations thereunder to the same extent as if this Agreement had not been executed, (b) the exercise by the Lender of any of its rights hereunder relating to the Assigned Accounts will not release such Loan Party from any of its duties or obligations under any Assigned Account and (c) the Lender will not have any obligation or liability under any Assigned Account by reason of this Agreement, nor will the Lender be obligated to perform any of the obligations or duties of such Loan Party thereunder or to take any action to collect or enforce any claim for payment relating to an Assigned Account.

 

ARTICLE IV
Guaranty

 

SECTION 4.01.         Guaranty . (a) In order to induce the Lender to enter into this Agreement and to extend credit hereunder and in recognition of the direct benefits to be received by the Guarantor from the proceeds of the Loans, the Guarantor hereby unconditionally and irrevocably, jointly and severally, guarantees, as primary obligor and not merely as surety, the full and prompt payment by the Borrower when due, whether upon maturity, by acceleration or otherwise, of any and all of the Obligations of the Borrower. If any or all of the Obligations of the Borrower become due and payable hereunder and are not paid by the Borrower, the Guarantor, jointly and severally, unconditionally promises to pay such Obligations to the Lender, or order, on demand, together with any and all reasonable, invoiced and documented out-of-pocket expenses which may be incurred by the Lender in collecting any of the Obligations.

 

(b) Any interest on any portion of the Obligations that accrues after the commencement of any proceeding of the Borrower under any Debtor Relief Law (or, if interest on any portion of the Obligations ceases to accrue by operation of law by reason of the commencement of such proceeding, such interest as would have accrued on such portion of the Obligations if such

 

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proceeding had not been commenced) shall be included in the Obligations because it is the intention of the Guarantor and the Lender that the Obligations should be determined without regard to any rule of law or order that may relieve the Borrower of any portion of such Obligations.

 

(c) In the event that all or any portion of the Obligations is paid by any Loan Party, (i) the obligations of the Guarantor hereunder shall continue and remain in full force and effect or be reinstated, as the case may be, in the event that all or any part of such payment(s) is rescinded or recovered directly or indirectly from the Lender as a preference, fraudulent transfer or otherwise and (ii) any amounts that are so rescinded or recovered shall constitute Obligations guarantied hereby.

 

(d) Subject to the other provisions of this Article IV, upon the failure of the Borrower to pay any of the Obligations when and as the same shall become due, the Guarantor will upon demand pay, or cause to be paid, in cash, to the Lender, an amount equal to the aggregate of the unpaid Obligations.

 

SECTION 4.02.         Nature of Liability . The liability of the Guarantor hereunder (a) is exclusive and independent of all other liabilities (including any security for or other guaranty) in respect of the Obligations of the Borrower, whether executed by such Guarantor, any other Guarantor or by any other Person that guarantees the Obligations and (b) will not be affected or impaired by (i) any direction as to application of payment by the Borrower or by any other party, (ii) any other continuing or other guaranty, undertaking or maximum liability of a guarantor or of any other Person as to the Obligations of the Borrower, (iii) any payment on or in reduction of any such other guaranty or undertaking, (iv) any dissolution, termination or increase, decrease or change in personnel by the Borrower, (v) the Obligations, or any agreement relating thereto, at any time being found to be illegal, invalid or unenforceable in any respect, (vi) any failure to perfect or continue perfection of a Lien in any collateral which secures any of the Obligations, or (vii) any other act, thing or omission, or delay to do any other act or thing, which could in any manner or to any extent vary the risk of a Guarantor as an obligor in respect of the Obligations. This Guaranty constitutes a guaranty of payment and not collection.

 

SECTION 4.03.         Independent Obligation . A separate action or actions may be brought and prosecuted against the Guarantor whether or not action is brought against the Borrower, and/or any other Person and whether or not the Borrower, or any other Person be joined in any such action or actions.

 

SECTION 4.04.         Authorization .

 

(a) The Guarantor authorizes the Lender and Borrower without notice or demand (except as required by applicable statute and cannot be waived), and without affecting or impairing its liability hereunder, from time to time to:

 

(i) change the manner, place or terms of payment of, and/or change or extend the time of payment of, renew, increase, accelerate or alter, any of the Obligations (including any increase or decrease in the rate of interest thereon), any security therefor, or any

 

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liability incurred directly or indirectly in respect thereof, and the Guaranty herein made will apply to the Obligations as so changed, extended, renewed or altered;

 

(b) The Guarantor authorizes the Lender without notice or demand (except as required by applicable statute and cannot be waived), and without affecting or impairing its liability hereunder, from time to time to:

 

(i) take and hold security for the payment of the Obligations and sell, exchange, release, surrender, realize upon or otherwise deal with in any manner and in any order any property by whomsoever at any time pledged or mortgaged to secure, or howsoever securing, the Obligations or any liabilities (including any of those hereunder) incurred directly or indirectly in respect thereof or hereof, and/or any offset there against;

 

(ii) exercise or refrain from exercising any rights against the Borrower or others or otherwise act or refrain from acting;

 

(iii) release or substitute any one or more endorsers, guarantors, the Borrower or other obligors;

 

(iv) settle or compromise any of the Obligations, any security therefor or any liability (including any of those hereunder) incurred directly or indirectly in respect thereof or hereof, or subordinate the payment of all or any part thereof to the payment of any liability (whether due or not) of the Borrower to its creditors,

 

(v) apply any sums by whomsoever paid or howsoever realized to any liability or liabilities of the Borrower to the Lender regardless of what liability or liabilities of such Guarantor or the Borrower remain unpaid; and/or

 

(vi) consent to or waive any breach of, or any act, omission or default under, this Agreement, any other Loan Document or any of the other instruments or agreements referred to herein, or otherwise amend, modify or supplement this Agreement or any of such other instruments or agreements.

 

SECTION 4.05.         Reliance . It is not necessary for the Lender to inquire into the capacity or powers of the Borrower or its Subsidiaries or the officers, directors, partners or agents acting or purporting to act on their behalf, and any Obligations made or created in reliance upon the professed exercise of such powers are guaranteed hereunder.

 

SECTION 4.06.         Subordination . Any of the Indebtedness of the Borrower now or hereafter owing to any Guarantor is hereby subordinated to the Obligations of the Borrower, provided however, that payment may be made by the Borrower on any such Indebtedness owing to such Guarantor so long as the same is not prohibited by this Agreement; and provided further that if the Lender so requests at a time when an Event of Default exists, all such Indebtedness of the Borrower to such Guarantor will be collected, enforced and received by such Guarantor as trustee for the Lender and be paid over to the Lender on account of the Obligations of the Borrower, but without affecting or impairing in any manner the liability of such Guarantor under the other provisions of this Guaranty. Prior to the transfer by any Guarantor of any note or negotiable instrument evidencing any of the Indebtedness of the Borrower to such Guarantor,

 

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such Guarantor will mark such note or negotiable instrument with a legend stating that the same is subject to the terms of subordination provided herein.

 

SECTION 4.07.         Waiver . (a) The Guarantor waives any right (except as required by applicable statute and cannot be waived) to require the Lender to (i) proceed against the Borrower, any other Guarantor or any other Person, (ii) proceed against or exhaust any security held from the Borrower, any other Guarantor or any other Person, or (iii) pursue any other remedy in the Lender’s power whatsoever. The Guarantor waives (except as required by applicable statute and cannot be waived) (x) any defense based on or arising out of any defense of the Borrower, any other Guarantor or any other Person (including any defense based on or arising out of the disability of the Borrower, any other Guarantor or any other Person, or the unenforceability of the Obligations or any part thereof from any cause, or the cessation from any cause of the liability of the Borrower, such as failure of consideration, breach of warranty, payment, statute of frauds, statute of limitations, accord and satisfaction or usury), in each case other than payment in full of the Obligations; provided that any payment by the Borrower or other circumstance which operates to toll any statute of limitations as to the Borrower will operate to toll the statute of limitations as to any Guarantor and (y) any right to the deferral or modification of its obligations hereunder by reason of any proceeding under any Debtor Relief Law. The Lender may, pursuant to applicable law at its election when an Event of Default exists, foreclose on any security held by the Lender by one or more judicial or non-judicial sales (to the extent such sale is permitted by applicable law), or exercise any other right or remedy the Lender may have against the Borrower or any other party, or any security, without affecting or impairing in any way the liability of any Guarantor hereunder except to the extent the Obligations have been paid. Each Guarantor waives any defense arising out of any such election by the Lender, even though such election operates to impair or extinguish any right of reimbursement or subrogation or other right or remedy of such Guarantor against the Borrower or any other Person or any security.

 

(b) The Guarantor waives all presentments, demands for performance, protests and notices, including without limitation notices of nonperformance, notices of protest, notices of dishonor, notices of acceptance of this Guaranty, and notices of the existence, creation or incurring of new or additional Obligations. The Guarantor assumes all responsibility for being and keeping itself informed of the Borrower’s financial condition and assets, and of all other circumstances bearing upon the risk of nonpayment of the Obligations and the nature, scope and extent of the risks which such Guarantor assumes and incurs hereunder, and agrees that the Lender has no duty to advise such Guarantor of information known to it regarding such circumstances or risks.

 

SECTION 4.08.         Limitation on Guaranty . (a) The Guarantor acknowledges that it will receive valuable direct and/or indirect benefits as a result of the transactions financed by the Loan Documents.

 

(b) The Guarantor represents, warrants and agrees that it has not made a transfer or incurred any obligation under any Loan Document with the intent to hinder, delay or defraud any of its present or future creditors.

 

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ARTICLE V
Conditions Precedent

 

SECTION 5.01.         Closing Date . The Facility shall not become effective and available to the Borrower until the date on which each of the following conditions is satisfied (or waived in accordance with Section 10.02):

 

(a)  Loan Documents . The Lender shall have received duly executed counterparts of this Agreement, in each case, properly executed by an authorized officer of the signing Loan Party and accompanied by their respective required schedules, exhibits and other attachments.

 

(b)  Organizational Documents; Incumbency . The Lender shall have received a certificate, dated the Closing Date, from each Loan Party signed by an authorized officer thereof certifying (i) that attached thereto is a true and complete copy of (A) such Loan Party’s organizational documents and (B) written resolutions adopted by the board of directors or other governing body of such Loan Party, authorizing the execution, delivery and performance by such Loan Party of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents to which such Loan Party is a party, and (ii) as to the name, incumbency, and specimen signature of each officer of such Loan Party executing the Loan Documents to which it is intended to be a party and each other document to be delivered by such Loan Party from time to time in connection therewith (and certifying that the Lender may conclusively rely on such certificate until it receives a replacement incumbency certificate).

 

(c)  Financial Statements . The Lender shall have received the financial statements referred to in Section 6.05.

 

(d)  Required Documentation . The Lender shall have received, to the extent requested, all documentation and other information required by regulatory authorities under applicable “know your customer’ and anti-money laundering rules and regulations.

 

SECTION 5.02.         All Loans . The making of each Loan is additionally subject to the satisfaction of the following conditions:

 

(a)  Borrowing Request and Promissory Note . The Lender shall have received a Borrowing Request with accompanying Promissory Note in accordance with the requirements in Section 2.02.

 

(b)  Representations . The representations and warranties of each Loan Party set forth in this Agreement and in each other Loan Document shall be true and correct on and as of the date of such Loan.

 

(c)  No Default . At the time of and immediately after giving effect to such Loan, no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing.

 

Each borrowing of a Loan shall be deemed to constitute a representation and warranty by the Borrower on the date thereof as to the matters specified in Section 5.02(b).

 

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ARTICLE VI
Representations and Warranties

 

Each Loan Party represents and warrants to the Lender that:

 

SECTION 6.01.         Organization; Powers . Each Loan Party and Rizobacter Argentina S.A. are duly organized or formed. validly existing and, as applicable, in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of their organization, have all requisite power and authority to carry on their business as now conducted and, except where the failure to do so, individually or in the aggregate, could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, are qualified to do business in, and are in good standing in, every jurisdiction where such qualification is required.

 

SECTION 6.02.         Authorization; No Contravention . The execution, delivery and performance by each Loan Party of each Loan Document to which it is a party have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate or other organizational action, and do not and will not (a) contravene the terms of its organizational documents, (b) conflict with or result in any breach or contravention of, or the creation of any Lien under, or require any payment to be made under (i) any agreement, instrument or other undertaking to which it is a party or affecting it or its properties or (ii) any order, injunction, writ or decree of any Governmental Authority or any arbitral award to which it or its property is subject or (c) violate any Applicable Law.

 

SECTION 6.03.         Governmental Approvals; Other Consents . No approval, consent, exemption, authorization, or other action by, or notice to, or filing with, any Governmental Authority or any other Person (including lessors, lenders, creditors, insurance companies or financial institutions) is required in connection with the execution, delivery or performance by, or enforcement against, any Loan Party of this Agreement or any other Loan Document, except for such approvals, consents, exemptions, authorizations, actions or notices that have been duly obtained, taken or made and in full force and effect.

 

SECTION 6.04.         Execution and Delivery; Binding Effect . This Agreement has been, and each other Loan Document, when delivered, will have been, duly executed and delivered by each Loan Party that is party to such Loan Document. This Agreement constitutes, and each other Loan Document when so delivered will constitute, a legal, valid and binding obligation of each Loan Party that is a party thereto, enforceable against such Loan Party in accordance with its terms, except as such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, receivership, moratorium or other laws affecting creditors’ rights generally and by general principles of equity.

 

SECTION 6.05.         Financial Condition; No Material Adverse Change . (a) The Borrower has heretofore furnished to the Lender, the Borrowers audited consolidated financial statements, (i) as of and for the fiscal year ended June 30 th  2018. certified by a Financial Officer of the Borrower. Such financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position and results of operations and cash flows of the Borrower and its consolidated Subsidiaries as of such dates and for such periods in accordance with Accounting Standards.

 

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(b) Guarantor has heretofore furnished to the Lender, Guarantor’s audited consolidated financial statements, (i) as of and for the fiscal year ended June 30 th  2018, audited by an external auditors to the Guarantor. Such financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position and results of operations and cash flows of Guarantor and its consolidated Subsidiaries as of such dates and for such periods in accordance with Accounting Standards.

 

(c) Since June 30 th  2018, there has been no material adverse change in the business, assets, operations, prospects or condition, financial or otherwise, of (i) the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, (ii) Guarantor and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or (iii) any other Loan Party.

 

SECTION 6.06.         Properties . (a) Each Loan Party and Rizobacter Argentina S.A. has good title to, or valid leasehold interests in, all its real and personal property material to its business, except for minor defects in title that do not interfere with its ability to conduct its business as currently conducted or to utilize such properties for their intended purposes.

 

(b) Each Loan Party and Rizobacter Argentina S.A. owns, or is licensed to use, all trademarks, trade names, copyrights, patents and other intellectual property material to its business, and the use thereof by such Loan Party or Subsidiary, to the best of their knowledge and belief, does not infringe upon the rights of any other Person, except for any such infringements that, individually or in the aggregate, could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

 

SECTION 6.07.         Litigation and Environmental Matters . (a) To the best of the knowledge and belief, there are no actions, suits or proceedings by or before any arbitrator or Governmental Authority pending against or, of any Loan Party, threatened against or affecting such Loan Party and/or Rizobacter Argentina S.A. (i) as to which there is a reasonable possibility of an adverse determination and that, if adversely determined, could reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to result in a Material Adverse Effect (other than the Disclosed Matters) or (ii) that involve any of the Loan Documents or the transactions contemplated by the Loan Documents.

 

(b) Except for the Disclosed Matters and except with respect to any other matters that, individually or in the aggregate, could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, to the best of their knowledge and belief, no Loan Party and Rizobacter Argentina S.A. (i) has failed to comply with any Environmental Law or to obtain, maintain or comply with any permit, license or other approval required under any Environmental Law, (ii) has become subject to any Environmental Liability, (iii) has received notice of any claim with respect to any Environmental Liability or (iv) knows of any basis for any Environmental Liability.

 

(c) Since the date of this Agreement, there has been no change in the status of the Disclosed Matters that, to the best of their knowledge and belief, individually or in the aggregate, has resulted in, or materially increased the likelihood of, a Material Adverse Effect.

 

SECTION 6.08.         Compliance with Laws and Agreements . To the best of their knowledge and belief, each Loan Party and Rizobacter Argentina S.A. is in compliance with Applicable Law and all indentures, agreements and other instruments binding upon it or its

 

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property, except where the failure to do so, individually or in the aggregate, could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. To the best of their knowledge and belief, each Loan Party and/or Rizobacter Argentina S.A. have not incurred in Default or Event of Default nor is continuing.

 

SECTION 6.09.         Taxes . Each Loan Party and Rizobacter Argentina S.A. has timely filed or caused to be filed all Tax returns and reports required to have been filed and has paid or caused to be paid all Taxes required to have been paid by it, except (a) Taxes that are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings and for which such Loan Party or Rizobacter Argentina S.A., as applicable, has set aside on its books adequate reserves or (b) to the extent that the failure to do so could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

 

SECTION 6.10.         Disclosure . Each Loan Party has disclosed to the Lender all agreements, instruments and corporate or other restrictions to which such Loan Party or Rizobacter Argentina S.A. thereof is subject, and ail other matters known to it, that, individually or in the aggregate, could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. None of the reports, financial statements, certificates or other information furnished by or on behalf of a Loan Party to the Lender in connection with the negotiation of this Agreement or delivered hereunder (as modified or supplemented by other information so furnished) contains any material misstatement of fact or omits to state any material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided that, with respect to projected financial information, a Loan Party represents only that such information was prepared in good faith based upon projections believed to be reasonable at the time.

 

SECTION 6.11.         Pari Passu Ranking . The payment obligations of the Borrower hereunder and under any Promissory Note and the guaranties of the Guarantor are, and will at all times be, unsubordinated general obligations of the applicable Loan Party, and rank and will at all times rank at least pari passu with all other present and future unsubordinated, unsecured debt of such Loan Party, according to the applicable law.

 

SECTION 6.12.         No immunity; Proper Legal Form; No Need to Qualify Under [the Laws of Argentina) or other applicable Law .

 

(a) None of the Loan Parties nor any of their properties have any immunity from the jurisdiction of any court or from any legal process (whether through service or notice, attachment prior to judgment, attachment in aid of execution, execution or otherwise) under the laws of the United States, [Argentina] or any other relevant jurisdiction in respect of its obligations under the Loan Documents. To ensure the legality, validity, enforceability or admissibility into evidence in [Argentina] of the Loan Documents, it is not necessary that the Loan Documents or any other document be filed or recorded with any Governmental Authority in [Argentina] [(except for the translation into [Spanish] of the Loan Documents by an approved translator)].

 

(b) Each of the Loan Documents is in proper legal form under the laws of the State of New York and Argentina for the enforcement thereof against any of the Loan Parties party thereto under such laws A Promissory Note, constitutes a titulo ejecutivo under the Laws of

 

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[Argentina]. The submission to jurisdiction, appointment of the Process Agent, and the consents and waivers by the Loan Parties in Section 10.09 of the Agreement are valid and irrevocable.

 

SECTION 6.13.         Exchange Controls . Under current laws and regulations of [Argentina] and each political subdivision thereof, all interest, principal, premium, if any, and other payments due or to be made on the Loan or otherwise pursuant to the Loan Documents may be freely transferred out of [Argentina] and may be paid in, or freely converted into, United States Dollars.

 

ARTICLE VII
Affirmative Covenants

 

Until the Facility has expired or been terminated and the principal of and interest on each Loan and all Obligations hereunder shalt have been indefeasibly paid in full in cash, each Loan Party covenants and agrees with the Lender that’

 

SECTION 7.01.         Financial Statements; Other Information . Each Loan Party (as applicable) will furnish to the Lender:

 

(a) within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year (beginning with the fiscal year ending June 30 th  2018) of the Borrower, the Borrower’s audited consolidated balance sheet and related statements of operations, shareholders’ equity and cash flows as of the end of and for such year, setting forth in each case in comparative form the figures for the previous fiscal year, all reported on by independent public accountants of recognized national standing to the effect that such consolidated financial statements present fairly in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Borrower and its consolidated Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis in accordance with the Accounting Standards consistently applied;

 

(b) within 60 days after the end of each fiscal quarter (beginning with the fiscal quarter ending June 30th 2018) of the Borrower, the Borrower’s unaudited consolidated balance sheet and related statements of operations, shareholders’ equity and cash flows as of the end of and for such fiscal quarter, and the then elapsed portion of the fiscal year, setting forth in each case in comparative form the figures for the corresponding period or periods of (or, in the case of the balance sheet, as of the end of the applicable quarter in) the previous fiscal year , all certified by one of its Financial Officers to the effect that such consolidated financial statements present fairly in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Borrower and its consolidated Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis in accordance with the Accounting Standards consistently applied, subject to normal year-end audit adjustments;

 

(c) within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year (beginning with the fiscal year ending June 30th 2018) of Guarantor, Guarantor’s audited consolidated balance sheet and related statements of operations, shareholders’ equity and cash flows as of the end of and for such year, setting forth in each case in comparative form the figures for the previous fiscal year, all reported on by independent public accountants of recognized national standing to the effect that such consolidated financial statements present fairly in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of Guarantor and its consolidated Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis in accordance with the Accounting Standards consistently applied;

 

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(d) within 60 days after the end of each fiscal quarter (beginning with the fiscal quarter ending June 30th 2018) of Guarantor, Guarantor’s unaudited consolidated balance sheet and related statements of operations, shareholders’ equity and cash flows as of the end of and for such fiscal quarter, and the then elapsed portion of the fiscal year, setting forth in each case in comparative form the figures for the corresponding period or periods of (or, in the case of the balance sheet, as of the end of the applicable quarter in) the previous fiscal year, all certified by one of its Financial Officers to the effect that such consolidated financial statements present fairly in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of Guarantor and its consolidated Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis in accordance with the Accounting Standards consistently applied, subject to normal year-end audit adjustments;

 

(e) within 10 days after the end of each fiscal quarter, (i) a list of all Indebtedness of the Borrower and each of its Affiliates, the outstanding amount thereof and the party to which such Indebtedness is owed, and (ii) the aggregate amount of sales of the Borrower and of each of its Affiliates:

 

(f) promptly (but within 5 Business Days) following any request therefor, such other information regarding the operations, business affairs and financial condition of a Loan Party or any Subsidiary of a Loan Party, or compliance with the terms of this Agreement or any other Loan Document, as the Lender may reasonably request.

 

SECTION 7.02.         Notices of Material Events . Each Loan Party will furnish to the Lender prompt written notice (within 2 Business Days) of the following:

 

(a) the occurrence of any Default or Event of Default;

 

(b) the filing or commencement of any action, suit or proceeding by or before any arbitrator or Governmental Authority against or affecting such Loan Party or Rizobacter Argentina S.A. that, if adversely determined, could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, exceeding $ 5,000,000.00 either individually or in the aggregate in any fiscal year;

 

(c) any loss or damage to any property or asset of a Loan Party in an amount in excess of $5,000,000.00 either individually or in the aggregate in any fiscal year; and

 

(d) any other development that results in, or could reasonably be expected to result in, a Material Adverse Effect.

 

Each notice delivered under this Section shall be accompanied by a statement of a Financial Officer or other executive officer of the applicable Loan Party setting forth the details of the event or development requiring such notice and any action taken or proposed to be taken with respect thereto.

 

SECTION 7.03.         Existence; Conduct of Business . Each Loan Party will do or cause to be done all things necessary to preserve, renew and keep in full force and effect its legal existence and the rights, licenses, permits, privileges and franchises material to the conduct of its business; provided that the foregoing shall not prohibit any merger, consolidation, liquidation or dissolution permitted under Section 8.05.

 

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SECTION 7.04.         Payment of Obligations . Each Loan Party will, and will cause Rizobacter Argentina S.A. to, pay its obligations, including Tax liabilities, that, if not paid, could result in a Material Adverse Effect before the same shall become delinquent or in default, except where (a) the validity or amount thereof is being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings, (b) such Loan Party or Rizobacter Argentina S.A. has set aside on its books adequate reserves with respect thereto in accordance with the Accounting Standards and (c) the failure to make payment pending such contest could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

 

SECTION 7.05.         Maintenance of Properties; Insurance . Each Loan Party will, and will cause Rizobacter Argentina S.A. to, (a) keep and maintain all property material to the conduct of its business in good working order and condition, ordinary wear and tear excepted, and (b) maintain, with financially sound and nationally and internationally reputable insurance companies, insurance in such amounts and against such risks as are customarily maintained by companies engaged in the same or similar businesses operating in the same or similar locations.

 

SECTION 7.06.         Books and Records; Inspection Rights . Each Loan Party will, and will cause Rizobacter Argentina S.A. to, keep proper books of record and account in which full, true and correct entries are made of all dealings and transactions in relation to its business and activities. The Borrower will, and will cause Rizobacter Argentina S.A. to, permit any representatives designated by the Lender, upon reasonable prior notice, to visit and inspect its properties, to discuss its affairs, finances and condition with its officers and perform such audits, all at such reasonable times and as often as reasonably requested by the Lender.

 

SECTION 7.07.         Compliance with Laws . Each Loan Party will, and will cause each of its Subsidiaries to, comply with (a) Applicable Law, except where the failure to do so, individually or in the aggregate, could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect and (b) all the requirements and demands from the Banco Central de la Republica Argentina and immediately provide evidence reasonably satisfactory to Lender of such compliance.

 

SECTION 7.08.         Anti-Corruption Laws . (a) Each Loan Party will ensure that none of the proceeds from any Loan will be used for any purpose which would breach any Anti-Corruption Law.

 

(b) Each Loan Party will, and will ensure that each of its Subsidiaries will, (i) at all times be in compliance with all applicable Anti-Corruption Laws; and (ii) maintain policies and procedures designed to promote and achieve compliance with such laws.

 

(c) Each Loan Party will ensure that each of its and its Subsidiaries’ respective officers, directors, employees, shareholders, partners, agents, Affiliates and representatives are at all times in compliance with all applicable Anti-Corruption Laws.

 

SECTION 7.09.         Accuracy of Information . To the best of their knowledge and belief, each Loan Party will ensure that any information, including financial statements or other documents, furnished to the Lender in connection with this Agreement or any amendment or modification hereof or waiver hereunder contains no material misstatement of fact or omits to

 

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state any material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, and the furnishing of such information shall be deemed to be a representation and warranty by the Borrower on the date thereof as to the matters specified in this Section.

 

ARTICLE VIII
Negative Covenants

 

Until the Facility has expired or terminated and the principal of and Interest on each Loan and all Obligations hereunder have been indefeasibly paid in full in cash, each Loan Party covenants and agrees with the Lender that:

 

SECTION 8.01.         Loans and Guarantees . A Loan Party will not have, and will not permit Rizobacter Argentina S.A. to have, Loans and Guarantees. including for this matter any kind of loan that any or the Debtors and/or its Subsidiaries may grant-in an aggregate principal amount exceeding $1,500,000.00 at any time outstanding by the Debtors and/or by Rizobacter Argentina SA; provided that the aggregate principal amount of Indebtedness of the Borrower’s Subsidiaries permitted by this clause (d) shall exceed S 1,500,000.00 at any time outstanding.

 

SECTION 8.02.         Liens . A Loan Party will not, and will not permit Rizobacter Argentina S.A. to, create, incur, assume, or permit to exist any Lien on any of it property or asset now owned or hereafter acquired by it, or assign or sell any income or revenues (including accounts receivable) or rights in respect of any thereof, except:

 

(a) Liens created under the Loan Documents securing the Obligations; and

 

(b) other Liens securing Loans And Guarantees in an aggregate amount not exceeding $1,500,000.00 at any time by the Debtors and/or by Rizobacter Argentina S.A..

 

SECTION 8.03.         Negative Pledge . A Loan Party will not, and will not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly, enter into, incur or permit to exist any agreement or other arrangement that prohibits, restricts, or imposes any condition upon the ability of such Loan Party to create, incur or permit, to exist any Lien upon any of its property or assets.

 

SECTION 8.04.         Dividend Payments . A Loan Party will not, and will not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, declare or make, or agree to pay or make, directly or indirectly, any Dividend Payment.

 

SECTION 8.05.         Fundamental Changes . (a) A Loan Party will not, and will not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, merge into or consolidate with any other Person, or permit any other Person to merge into or consolidate with it, or sell, transfer, lease or otherwise dispose of (in one transaction or in a series of transactions) all or substantially all of its assets, or all or substantially all of the stock of any of its Subsidiaries (in each case, whether now owned or hereafter acquired), or liquidate or dissolve, except that, if at the time thereof and immediately after giving effect thereto no Default shall have occurred and be continuing (i) any Person may merge into the Borrower in a transaction in which the Borrower is the surviving corporation, (ii) any Person (other than the Borrower) may merge into any Loan Party in a transaction in which the surviving entity is such Loan Party, (iii) Rizobacter Argentina S.A. may sell, transfer, lease

 

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or otherwise dispose of its assets to the Borrower or to another Loan Party, and (iv) Rizobacter Argentina S.A. may liquidate or dissolve if the applicable Loan Party which owns such Subsidiary determines in good faith that such liquidation or dissolution is in the best interests of such Loan Party and is not materially disadvantageous to the Lender, with the exception of the asset sale to Union Acquisition Corporation.

 

(b) The Borrower will not engage to any material extent in any business other than businesses of the type conducted by the Borrower on the date of execution of this Agreement and businesses reasonably related thereto.

 

SECTION 8.06.         Use of Proceeds . The proceeds of the Loans will not be used for any purpose other than to finance working capital and for the working capital needs of the Borrower, including, without limitation, payments in respect of intercompany loans, and refinancings.

 

SECTION 8.07.         Replacement of auditors . The Borrower shall abstain from replacing the auditors unless prior written consent from the Lender, except if the auditors are replaced by a “Big Four”‘s firm, i.e., any of the following: Price Waterhouse & Co. S.R.L„ Deloitte & Co. S.R.L., Pistrelli, henry Martin & Asociados S.R.L. (a firm of Ernst & Young Global) and KPMG sociedad civil de argentina ; or possesses similar characteristics, at Lender’s full satisfaction;

 

ARTICLE IX
Events of Default

 

SECTION 9.01.         Events of Default . Any of the following events shall constitute an “ Event of Default ”:

 

(a)  Non-Payment of Principal . The Borrower shall fail to pay any principal of any Loan when and as the same shall become due and payable, whether on the applicable Repayment Date, or otherwise;

 

(b)  Non-Payment of Other Amounts . The Borrower shall fail to pay any interest on any Loan or any other amount (other than an amount referred to in clause (a) of this Section) payable under this Agreement, when and as the same shall become due and payable, and such failure shall continue unremedied for a period of five (5) Business Days after notice thereof from the Lender to the Borrower;

 

(c)  Specified Covenants . A Loan Party shall fail to observe or perform any covenant, condition or agreement contained in Sections 7.02(a), 7.03, 7.05, 7.05, 7.08 and/or in Article VIII or Article

 

(d)  Other Defaults . A Loan Party shall fail to observe or perform any covenant, condition or agreement contained in this Agreement or any other Loan Document (other than those specified in clause (a), (b) or (c) of this Section), and such failure shall continue unremedied fora period of five (5) days after notice thereof from the Lender to such Loan Party:

 

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(e)  Misrepresentation . Any representation or warranty made or deemed made by or on behalf of any Loan Party or Rizobacter Argentina S.A. in connection with any Loan Document or any amendment or modification thereof or waiver thereunder, or in any report, certificate, financial statement or other document furnished pursuant to or in connection with any Loan Document or any amendment or modification thereof or waiver thereunder, shall prove to have been incorrect when made or deemed made;

 

(f)  Cross-Default . (i) A Loan Party or Rizobacter Argentina S.A. shall fail to make any payment when due (whether by scheduled maturity, required prepayment, acceleration, demand, or otherwise) in respect of any Indebtedness, including, but not limited to, any current or future Indebtedness owed by such Loan Party or Rizobacter Argentina S.A.- (other than Indebtedness under the Loan Documents) in each case beyond the applicable grace period with respect thereto, if any; or (ii) a Loan Party or Rizobacter Argentina S.A. shall fail to observe or perform any other agreement or condition relating to any such Indebtedness or contained in any instrument or agreement evidencing, securing or relating thereto, or any other event occurs, the effect of which default or other event is to cause, or to permit the holder or holders or beneficiary or beneficiaries of such Indebtedness (or a trustee or agent on behalf of such holder or holders or beneficiary or beneficiaries) to cause, with the giving of notice if required, such Indebtedness to become due or to be repurchased, prepaid, defeased or redeemed (automatically or otherwise), or an offer to repurchase, prepay, defease or redeem such Indebtedness to be made, prior to its stated maturity; provided that this clause (f)(ii) shall not apply to secured Indebtedness that becomes due as a result of the voluntary sale or transfer of the property or assets securing such Indebtedness, if such sale or transfer is permitted hereunder and under the documents providing for such Indebtedness and such Indebtedness is repaid when required under the documents providing for such documents;

 

(g)  Insolvency . A Loan Party shall become unable, admit in writing its inability or fail generally to pay its debts as they become due;

 

(h)  Involuntary Proceeding . An involuntary proceeding shall be commenced or an involuntary petition shall be filed seeking (i) liquidation, reorganization or other relief in respect of any Loan Party or its debts, or of a substantial part of its assets, under any Debtor Relief Law now or hereafter in effect or (ii) the appointment of a receiver, trustee, custodian, sequestrator, conservator or similar official for any Loan Party or for a substantial part of its assets, and, in any such case, such proceeding or petition shall continue undismissed for sixty (60) days or an order or decree approving or ordering any of the foregoing shall be entered;

 

(i)  Voluntary Proceeding . A Loan Party shall (i) voluntarily commence any proceeding or file any petition seeking liquidation, reorganization or other relief under any Debtor Relief Law now or hereafter in effect, (ii) consent to the institution of, or fail to contest in a timely and appropriate manner, any proceeding or petition described in clause (h) of this Section, (iii) apply for or consent to the appointment of a receiver, trustee, custodian, sequestrator, conservator or similar official for any Loan Party or for a substantial part of its assets, (iv) file an answer admitting the material allegations of a petition filed against it in any such proceeding, (v) make a general assignment for the benefit of creditors or (vi) take any action for the purpose of effecting any of the foregoing;

 

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(j)  Judgments . One or more judgments for the payment of money in an aggregate amount in excess of $ 5,000,000.00 shall be rendered against a Loan Party and/or Rizobacter Argentina S.A. and the same shall remain undischarged for a period of sixty (60) days following the date due established by a final, non-appealable judgment determined by a court of competent jurisdiction during which execution shall not be effectively stayed, or any action shall be legally taken by a judgment creditor to attach or levy upon any assets of a Loan Party or Rizobacter Argentina S.A. to enforce any such judgment; or in the event of any attachment or any provisional remedy/preliminary measures were granted over the property, assets, or rights of any of the Debtors, or a legal prohibition from disposing of any of the property of any of the Debtors were ordered in an amount (considered the attachment or provisional remedy/preliminary measures whether individually or jointly) exceeding $ 5,000,000.00 during the life of this Agreement, and such attachments and/or provisional remedies were not released or cancelled for any reason whatsoever within 30 (thirty) judicial business days following a request to release the attachment and/or cancel the provisional remedy, which should be made at the first procedural opportunity;

 

(k)  Invalidity of Loan Documents . Any Loan Document for any reason shall cease to be in full force and effect (other than in accordance with its terms), or any Loan Party shall contest the validity or enforceability of any Loan Document or any provision thereof in writing or deny in writing that it has any further liability under any Loan Document or any provision thereof to which it is a party;

 

(l)  Specified Assigned Accounts . (i) The Loan Parties, their Affiliates and/ or any Account Debtor shall terminate any agreement originating an Specified Assigned Account, (ii) the Borrower shall fail to comply with any of its obligations under any agreement originating an Specified Assigned Account or (iii) the amount of the Specified Assigned Accounts shall at any time be less than the amount specified in Section 3.01(b);

 

(m) Material Adverse Effect. A Material Adverse Effect shall occur; or

 

(n) Change of Control, A Change of Control shall occur.

 

SECTION 9.02.         Remedies . If any Event of Default (other than any event described in clause (h) or (i) of Section 9.01 occurs and is continuing, after the applicable cure period, if any, specified in Section 9.01, the Lender may, by notice to the Borrower, take either or both of the following actions, at the same or different times:

 

(a) terminate the Facility, and thereupon the Facility shall terminate immediately: and

 

(b) declare the lapse of all terms and deadlines established in this Agreement and declare the Loans then outstanding to be due and payable in whole (or in part, in which case any principal not so declared to be due and payable may thereafter be declared to be due and payable), and thereupon the principal of the Loans so declared to be due and payable, together with accrued interest thereon and other obligations of the Borrower accrued hereunder, shall become due and payable immediately, without presentment, demand, protest or other notice of any kind, all of which are hereby waived by the Borrower.

 

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In case of any event described in clause (h) or (i) of Section 9.01, the Facility shall automatically terminate and the principal of the Loans then outstanding, together with accrued interest thereon and other obligations of the Borrower accrued hereunder, shall automatically become due and payable, without presentment, demand, protest or other notice of any kind, all of which are hereby waived by the Borrower.

 

ARTICLE X
Miscellaneous

 

SECTION 10.01.   Notices . (a) Except in the case of notices and other communications expressly permitted to be given by telephone (and except as provided in paragraph (b) below), all notices and other communications provided for herein shall be in writing and shall be delivered by hand or overnight courier service, mailed by certified or registered mail or sent by facsimile or email as follows:

 

(i) if to the Borrower, to 1345 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10105, USA; (Linklaters LLP, Conrado Tenaglia Conrado.tenaglia@linklaters.com), USA,

 

(ii) if to Guarantor, to 1345 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10105, USA; (Linklaters LLP, Conrado Tenaglia Conrado.tenaglia@linklaters.com), USA,

 

and

 

(iii) if to the Lender, to BAF LATAM at De Boelelaan 7, 1083HJ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Attention of Dolores Beramendi And Analia Moreda (Email:DBeramendi@bafcapital.net/AMoreda@bafca pital.net)

 

Notices sent by hand or overnight courier service, or mailed by certified or registered mail, shall be deemed to have been given when received; notices sent by facsimile shall be deemed to have been given when sent (except that, if not given during normal business hours for the recipient, shall be deemed to have been given at the opening of business on the next business day for the recipient). Notices delivered through e-mail, to the extent provided in paragraph (b) below, shall be effective as provided therein.

 

(b)  Electronic Communications . Notices and other communications to the Lender or any Loan Party may be delivered or furnished by using e-mail pursuant to procedures approved by the Lender or such Loan Party; provided that the foregoing shall not apply to notices pursuant to 0 unless otherwise agreed by the Lender. The Lender or any Loan Party may, in its discretion, agree to accept notices and other communications to it under the Loan Documents by electronic communications pursuant to procedures approved by it; provided that approval of such procedures may be limited to particular notices or communications.

 

Unless the Lender otherwise prescribes, notices and other communications sent to an e-mail address shall be deemed received upon the sender’s receipt of an acknowledgment from the intended recipient (such as by the “return receipt requested” function, as available, return e-mail or other written acknowledgment); provided that if such notice, e-mail or other communication is not sent during the normal business hours of the recipient, such notice, e-mail or communication

 

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shall be deemed to have been sent at the opening of business on the next business day for the recipient.

 

(c)  Change of Address . Any party hereto may change its address, facsimile number or email address for notices and other communications hereunder by notice to the other parties hereto.

 

SECTION 10.02.   Waivers; Amendments . (a) No failure or delay by the Lender in exercising any right or power hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof, nor shalt any single or partial exercise of any such right or power, or any abandonment or discontinuance of steps to enforce such a right or power, preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right or power. The rights and remedies of the Lender hereunder are cumulative and are not exclusive of any rights or remedies that they would otherwise have. No waiver of any provision of this Agreement or any other Loan Document, or consent to any departure by a Loan Party therefrom, shall in any event be effective unless the same shall be permitted by paragraph (b) of this Section, and then such waiver or consent shall be effective only in the specific instance and for the purpose for which given. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the making of a Loan shall not be construed as a waiver of any Default, regardless of whether the Lender may have had notice or knowledge of such Default at the time.

 

(b) Neither this Agreement nor any provision hereof may be waived, amended or modified except pursuant to an agreement or agreements in writing entered into by the Loan Parties and the Lender.

 

SECTION 10.03.   Expenses; Indemnity; Damage Waiver . If applicable (a) The Borrower shall pay (I) all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred by the Lender and its Affiliates (including the reasonable fees, charges and disbursements of counsel for the Lender) in connection with the preparation, negotiation, execution, delivery and administration of any amendments, modifications or waivers of the provisions of this Agreement or any other Loan Document, and (ii) out-of-pocket expenses reasonably incurred by the Lender, including the fees, charges and disbursements of any counsel for the Lender, in connection with the enforcement or protection of its rights (A) in connection with this Agreement and the other Loan Documents, including its rights under this Section, or (B) in connection with the Loans made hereunder, including all such out-of-pocket expenses incurred during any workout, restructuring or negotiations in respect of such Loans.

 

(b) The Loan Parties shall indemnify the Lender (and any agent or Related Party thereof) (each such Person being called an “ Indemnitee ”) against, and hold each Indemnitee harmless from, any and all losses, claims, damages, liabilities and related expenses (including the fees, charges and disbursements of any counsel for any Indemnitee), incurred by any Indemnitee or asserted against any Indemnitee by any Person (including any Loan Party) other than such Indemnitee and its Related Parties arising out of, in connection with, or as a result of (i) the execution or delivery of this Agreement, any other Loan Document or any agreement or instrument contemplated hereby or thereby, the performance by the parties hereto of their respective obligations hereunder or thereunder or the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby, (ii) any Loan or the use or proposed use of the proceeds therefrom, (iii) any actual or alleged presence or release of Hazardous Materials on or from any

 

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property owned or operated by any Loan Party or any of its Subsidiaries, or any Environmental Liability related in any way to any Loan Party or any of its Subsidiaries, or (iv) any actual or prospective claim, litigation, investigation or proceeding relating to any of the foregoing, whether based on contract, tort or any other theory, whether brought by a third party or by any Loan Party, and regardless of whether any Indemnitee is a party thereto; provided that such indemnity shall not, as to any Indemnitee, be available to the extent that such losses, claims, damages, liabilities or related expenses (x) are determined by a court of competent jurisdiction by final and non-appealable judgment to have resulted from the gross negligence or willful misconduct of such Indemnitee or (y) result from a claim brought by a Loan Party against an Indemnitee for breach in bad faith of such Indemnitee’s obligations hereunder or under any other Loan Document, if such Loan Party has obtained a final and non-appealable judgment in its favor on such claim as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction. This Section 10.03(b) shall not apply with respect to Taxes other than any Taxes that represent losses, claims, damages, etc. arising from any non-Tax claim.

 

(c) To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, no party hereto shall assert, and each such party hereby waives, any claim against any other party hereto, on any theory of liability, for special, indirect, consequential or punitive damages (as opposed to direct or actual damages) arising out of, in connection with, or as a result of, this Agreement, any other Loan Document, or any agreement or instrument contemplated hereby or thereby, any Loan or the use of the proceeds thereof.

 

(d) All amounts due under this Section shall be payable not later than 48 hours after demand therefor once obtained final and non-appealable judgment.

 

(e) Each party’s obligations under this Section shall survive the termination of the Loan Documents and payment of the obligations hereunder.

 

SECTION 10.04.   Successors and Assigns . (a) The provisions of this Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and assigns permitted hereby, except that (I) no Loan Party may assign or otherwise transfer any of its rights or obligations hereunder without the prior written consent of the Lender (and any attempted assignment or transfer by a Loan Party without such consent shall be null and void), and (ii) the Lender may not assign or otherwise transfer its rights or obligations hereunder except in accordance with this Section. Nothing in this Agreement, expressed or implied, shall be construed to confer upon any Person (other than the parties hereto, their respective successors and assigns permitted hereby and, to the extent expressly contemplated hereby, the Related Parties of the Lender) any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under or by reason of this Agreement.

 

(b) The Lender may at any time assign any or all of its rights and obligations under this Agreement without the consent of the Borrower, excepting the case where the address of the assignee generates an increase of the taxes to be paid by the Borrower as specified under Section 2.10, in which case the Lender shall have the Borrower’s written consent. From and after the effective date of any assignment, the assignee shall be a Lender under this Agreement and have the rights and obligations of the Lender under this Agreement, and the assigning Lender shall be released from its obligations under this Agreement and shall cease to be a party hereto

 

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but shall continue to be entitled to the benefits of Sections 2.09 and 2.10 with respect to facts and circumstances occurring prior to the effective date of such assignment.

 

(c)  Participations . The Lender may at any time, with notice to the Borrower, and in case that due to the address of the participant generates an increase of the taxes in charge of Borrower-as specified in Section 2.10-, the Lender shall have the Borrower’s written consent, sell participations to any Person (other than a natural Person, or a holding company, investment vehicle or trust for, or owned and operated for the primary benefit of, a natural Person, or the Borrower or any of the Borrower’s Affiliates or Subsidiaries) (each, a “Participant”) in all or a portion of its rights and obligations under this Agreement (including all or a portion of the Facility and the Loans owing to it); provided that (i) the Lender’s obligations under this Agreement shall remain unchanged; (ii) the Lender shall remain solely responsible to the Borrower for the performance of such obligations; and (iii) the Borrower shall continue to deal solely and directly with the Lender in connection with the Lender’s rights and obligations under this Agreement. Any agreement or instrument pursuant to which the Lender sells such a participation shall provide that the Lender shall retain the sole right to enforce this Agreement and to approve any amendment, modification or waiver of any provision of this Agreement. The Borrower agrees that each Participant shall be entitled to the benefits of Sections 2.09 and 2.10 to the same extent as if it were the Lender and had acquired its interest by assignment pursuant to Section 10.04(b); provided that such Participant shall not be entitled to receive any greater payment under Section 2.09 or 2.10, with respect to any participation, than the Lender would have been entitled to receive, except to the extent such entitlement to receive a greater payment results from a Change in Law that occurs after the Participant acquired the applicable participation. To the extent permitted by law, each Participant also shall be entitled to the benefits of Section 10.08 as though it were the Lender.

 

SECTION 10.05.   Survival . All covenants, agreements, representations and warranties made by the Loan Parties herein and in the certificates or other instruments delivered in connection with or pursuant to this Agreement shall be considered to have been relied upon by the Lender and shall survive the execution and delivery of this Agreement and the making of any Loans. regardless of any investigation made by the Lender or on its behalf and notwithstanding that the Lender may have had notice or knowledge of any Default or incorrect representation or warranty at the time any credit is extended hereunder, and shall continue in full force and effect as long as the principal of or any accrued interest on any Loan or any other amount payable under this Agreement is outstanding and unpaid and so long as the Facility has not expired or terminated. The provisions of Sections 2.09, 2.10 and 10.03 shall survive and remain in full force and effect regardless of the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, the repayment of the Loans, the expiration or termination of the Facility or the termination of this Agreement or any provision hereof.

 

SECTION 10.06.   Counterparts; Effectiveness . This Agreement may be executed in counterparts (and by different parties hereto in different counterparts), each of which shall constitute an original, but all of which when taken together shall constitute a single contract. This Agreement and the other Loan Documents, constitute the entire contract among the parties relating to the subject matter hereof and supersede any and all prior agreements and understandings, oral or written, relating to the subject matter hereof. This Agreement shall become effective when it shall have been executed by the Lender and when the Lender shall

 

38


 

have received a counterpart hereof that bears the signatures of each Loan Party. Delivery of an executed counterpart of a signature page of this Agreement in electronic (i.e., “pdf” or “tif”) format shall be effective as delivery of a manually executed counterpart of this Agreement.

 

SECTION 10.07.   Severability . If any provision of this Agreement or the other Loan Documents is held to be illegal, invalid or unenforceable, (a) the legality, validity and enforceability of the remaining provisions of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents shall not be affected or impaired thereby and (b) the parties shall endeavor in good faith negotiations to replace the illegal, invalid or unenforceable provisions with valid provisions the economic effect of which comes as close as possible to that of the illegal, invalid or unenforceable provisions. The invalidity of a provision in a particular jurisdiction shall not invalidate or render unenforceable such provision in any other jurisdiction.

 

SECTION 10.08.   Right of Setoff . If an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, the Lender and each of its Affiliates is hereby authorized at any time and from time to time, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, to set off and apply any and all deposits (general or special, time or demand, provisional or final) at any time held and other obligations at any time owing by the Lender or an Affiliate of the Lender to or for the credit or the account of the Borrower against any and all of the obligations of the Borrower now or hereafter existing under this Agreement or any other Loan Document to the Lender, irrespective of whether or not the Lender shall have made any demand under this Agreement or any other Loan Document and although such obligations may be contingent or unmatured. The rights of the Lender under this Section are in addition to other rights and remedies (including other rights of setoff) which the Lender may have.

 

SECTION 10.09.   Governing Law; Jurisdiction:  Consent to Service of Process . (a) This Agreement and any claims, controversy, dispute or cause of action (whether in contract or tort or otherwise) based upon, arising out of or relating to this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the law of the State of New York, including without limitation, Section 5-1401 of the New York General Obligations Law.

 

(b) Each Loan Party irrevocably and unconditionally agrees that it will not commence any action, litigation or proceeding of any kind or description, whether in law or equity, whether in contract or in tort or otherwise, against the Lender or any Related Party thereof in any way relating to this Agreement or any other Loan Document or the transactions relating hereto or thereto, in any forum other than the courts of the State of New York sitting in New York County, and of the United States District Court of the Southern District of New York, and any appellate court from any thereof, and each of the parties hereto irrevocably and unconditionally submits to the jurisdiction of such courts and agrees that all claims in respect of any such action, litigation or proceeding may be heard and determined in such New York State court or, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, in such federal court. Each of the parties hereto agrees that a final judgment in any such action, litigation proceeding shall be conclusive and may be enforced in other jurisdictions by suit on the judgment or in any other manner provided by law. Nothing in this Agreement or in any other Loan Document shall affect any right that the Lender may otherwise have to bring any action or proceeding relating to this Agreement or any other Loan Document against the Loan Parties or their respective properties in the courts of any jurisdiction.

 

39


 

(c) Each Loan Party irrevocably and unconditionally waives, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, any objection that it may now or hereafter have to the laying of venue of any action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or any other Loan Document in any court referred to in Section 10.09(b). Each of the parties hereto hereby irrevocably waives, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, the defense of an inconvenient forum to the maintenance of such action or proceeding in any such court.

 

(d) Each party to this Agreement irrevocably consents to service of process in the manner provided for notices in Section 10.01. Nothing in this Agreement will affect the right of any party to this Agreement to serve process in any other manner permitted by applicable law.

 

(e) Each Loan Party hereby irrevocably designates, appoints and empowers Linklaters LLP at 1345 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10105 , USA; (Linklaters LLP, Conrado Tenaglia Conrado.tenaglia@linklaters.com), USA (the “ Process Agent ”) as an authorized designee, appointee and agent to receive, accept and acknowledge for and on its behalf, and in respect of its property, service of all writs, process and summonses in any such suit, action or proceeding brought in the State of New York relating to this Agreement or any other Loan Document. If for any reason the Process Agent shall cease to be available to act as such, the Loan Parties agree to promptly appoint a successor agent reasonably satisfactory to the Lender.

 

SECTION 10.10.   WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL . EACH PARTY HERETO HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY OTHER LOAN DOCUMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY OR THEREBY (WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT OR ANY OTHER THEORY). EACH PARTY HERETO (A) CERTIFIES THAT NO REPRESENTATIVE, AGENT OR ATTORNEY OF ANY OTHER PERSON HAS REPRESENTED, EXPRESSLY OR OTHERWISE, THAT SUCH OTHER PERSON WOULD NOT, IN THE EVENT OF LITIGATION, SEEK TO ENFORCE THE FOREGOING WAIVER AND (B) ACKNOWLEDGES THAT IT AND THE OTHER PARTIES HERETO HAVE BEEN INDUCED TO ENTER INTO THIS AGREEMENT AND THE OTHER LOAN DOCUMENTS BY, AMONG OTHER THINGS, THE MUTUAL WAIVERS AND CERTIFICATIONS IN THIS SECTION.

 

SECTION 10.11.   Headings . Article and Section headings and the Table of Contents used herein are for convenience of reference only, are not part of this Agreement and shall not affect the construction of, or be taken into consideration in interpreting, this Agreement.

 

SECTION 10.12.   Confidentiality . The Lender agrees to maintain the confidentiality of the Information (as defined below), except that Information may be disclosed (a) to its and its Affiliates’ directors, officers, employees and agents, including accountants, legal counsel and other advisors (it being understood that the Persons to whom such disclosure is made will be informed of the confidential nature of such Information and instructed to keep such Information confidential), (b) to the extent requested by any regulatory authority, (c) to the extent required by applicable laws or regulations or by any subpoena or similar legal process, (d) to any other party to this Agreement, (e) in connection with the exercise of any remedies hereunder or any suit,

 

40


 

action or proceeding relating to this Agreement or the enforcement of rights hereunder, (f) subject to an agreement containing provisions substantially the same as those of this Section, to any assignee of or Participant in, or any prospective assignee of or Participant in, any of its rights or obligations under this Agreement, (g) with the consent of a Loan Party or (h) to the extent such Information (i) becomes publicly available other than as a result of a breach of this Section or (ii) becomes available to the Lender on a non-confidential basis from a source other than a Loan Party that has not breached this Section. For the purposes of this Section, “ Information ” means all information received from a Loan Party relating to the Loan Parties, other than any such information that is available to the Lender on a non-confidential basis prior to disclosure by a Loan Party; provided that, in the case of information received from a Loan Party after the date hereof, such information is clearly identified at the time of delivery as confidential. Any Person required to maintain the confidentiality of Information as provided in this Section shall be deemed to have complied with its obligation to do so if such Person has exercised the same degree of care to maintain the confidentiality of such Information as such Person would accord to its own confidential information.

 

SECTION 10.13.   Payments Set Aside . To the extent that any payment by or on behalf of a Loan Party is made to the Lender, or the Lender exercises its right of setoff, and such payment or the proceeds of such setoff or any part thereof is subsequently invalidated, declared to be fraudulent or preferential, set aside or required (including pursuant to any settlement entered into by the Lender in its discretion) to be repaid to a trustee, receiver or any other party, in connection with any proceeding under any Debtor Relief Law or otherwise, then to the extent of such recovery, the obligation or part thereof originally intended to be satisfied shall be revived and continued in full force and effect as if such payment had not been made or such setoff had not occurred.

 

SECTION 10.14.   Judgment Currency . This is a transaction as to which the specification of Dollars is of the essence, and the obligations of the Loan Parties under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents to make payments to the Lender in Dollars shall not be discharged or satisfied by any tender or recovery pursuant to any judgment expressed in or converted into any other currency except to the extent that such tender or recovery results in the effective receipt by the Lender of the full amount of Dollars payable to it under this Agreement or any other Loan Document or in connection herewith or therewith. If, for purposes of obtaining a judgment in any court, it is necessary to convert a sum due hereunder in Dollars into another currency (in this Section called the “ judgment currency ”), the rate of exchange shall be that at which, in accordance with normal banking procedures, the Lender could purchase such Dollars in New York City with the judgment currency on the Business Day immediately preceding the day on which such judgment is rendered. The obligations of a Loan Party in respect of any such sum due from it to the Lender hereunder or under any other Loan Document or other agreement related hereto or thereto shall, notwithstanding the rate of exchange actually applied in rendering such judgment, be discharged only to the extent that on the Business Day following receipt by the Lender of any sum adjudged to be due hereunder or thereunder in the judgment currency the Lender may, in accordance with normal banking procedures, purchase and transfer Dollars to the United States with the amount of the judgment currency so adjudged to be due. The Borrower, as a separate obligation and notwithstanding any such judgment, agrees to indemnify the Lender against, and to pay the Lender on demand, in Dollars, the amount (if any) by which the sum

 

41


 

originally due to the Lender in Dollars exceeds the amount of the Dollars so purchased and transferred.

 

SECTION 10.15.   Waiver of Immunity . To the extent that a Loan Party has or hereafter may acquire any immunity from jurisdiction of any court or from legal process (whether through service or notice, attachment prior to judgment, attachment in aid of execution, execution or otherwise) with respect to itself or its properties, each Loan Party irrevocably waives that immunity in respect of its obligations under this Agreement or the other Loan Documents.

 

SECTION 10.16.   Release of Collateral . Each Collateral Document and the Liens created thereunder will terminate on the Termination Date or if later, when the Lender is satisfied that all Obligations then due and owing have been paid in full in cash.

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed and delivered by their respective authorized officers as of the date first written above.

 

 

BIOCERES S.A.,

BAF LATAM CREDIT FUND B.V.,

as Borrower

as Lender

 

 

By:

By:

 

 

/s/ Gloria Montaron Estrada

 

/s/ Analia Moreda

 

Name: Gloria Montaron Estrada

Name: Analia Moreda

Title: Attorney in fact

Title: Attorney in fact

 

 

RASA HOLDING LLC,

 

as Guarantor

 

 

 

By:

 

 

 

/s/ Gloria Montaron Estrada

 

 

Name: Gloria Montaron Estrada

 

Title: Attorney in fact

 

 

 

 

42


 

Exhibit A — Borrowing Requests

 

43


 

Exhibit B — Promissory Notes

 


 

Exhibit C — Assignment Agreement

 


 

Schedule 1 — Account Debtor

 


 

Schedule 4 — Existing Shareholders

 


 

Schedule 7.07  - Disclosed Matters

 

As of the date of the execution of the present Agreement, the Borrower informs that there are no Disclosed Matters

 


 

Schedule 8.01  - Indebtedness

 


Exhibit 2.3

 

AMENDMENT NO. 1 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT

 

This AMENDMENT No. 1 to the Credit Agreement identified below (this “ Amendment ”) is entered into by and among:

 

BIOCERES S.A., an Argentinian company, domiciled at 210 bis Ocampo St., City of Rosario (the “ Borrower ”).

 

RASA HOLDING LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, domiciled at 1209 Orange St., Wilmington, New Castle, Delaware (19801), (“ Guarantor ”).

 

BAF LATAM CREDIT FUND B.V., domiciled at De Boelelaan 7, 1083HJ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, represented herein by the signatories indicated on the signature pages hereof, (the “ Lender ”).

 

WHEREAS,

 

(A)                                The Borrower, the Guarantor and the Lender are parties to the Credit Agreement dated as of September 12 th , 2018 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “ Credit Agreement ”); terms used in this Amendment but not defined herein shall have the meanings given to such terms in the Credit Agreement.

 

(B)                                The Borrower and the Guarantor represent and warrant that as of the date hereof, the aggregate amount of the Sums Due under the Credit Agreement is $5,246,875.00 (Dollars FIVE MILLION TWO HUNDRED AND FORTY SIX THOUSAND EIGHT HUNDRED AND SEVENTY FIVE with 00/100).

 

(C)                                The Borrower and the Guarantor have requested that the Lender agree to make certain amendments to the Credit Agreement, regarding: an increase of the Facility Amount and a undertaking of the Loan Parties to include a pledge agreement with the shares of the Guarantor in Rizobacter Argentina S.A. as a Guaranty, in the terms and conditions herein agreed, under penalty of Default.

 

NOW, THEREFORE , in consideration of the premises and the agreements, provisions and covenants contained herein, the parties hereto hereby agree as follows:

 

1.                                       Amendments

 

1.1                                The Preliminary Statements of the Credit Agreement shall be modified as follows:

 

WHEREAS, the Borrower has requested that the Lender extend credit in the form of Loans to be advanced from time to time during the Availability Period, in an aggregate principal amount not in excess of $12,000,000.00 (Dollars TWELVE MILLION with 00/100) , the proceeds of such Loans to be used to finance working capital ;

 


 

1.2                                Modify hereby the definition of “Collateral Documents” and “Facility Amount” and incorporate the definitions of “Harvest Project” and “Pledge Agreement” under Section ONE of the Master Agreement, which remain as follows:

 

Collateral Documents ” means the Assignment Agreement and the Share’s Pledge, to be executed in the dates indicated in Section 3.01.BIS(a).

 

Facility Amount ” means the maximum aggregate principal amount of Loans that the Lender makes available to the Borrower under 2.03, as such amount may be reduced from time to time pursuant to 2.04. The initial Facility Amount is $12,000,000.00 (Dollars TWELVE MILLION with 00/100) .

 

Harvest Project ” means the reverse acquisition of Union Acquisition Corp. (an Special Purpose Acquisition Company listed in the New York Stock Exchange, identified as “LTN”) (the “SPAC) through the transference of certain assets of Borrower and/or Borrower’s Subsidiaries to the SPAC, in consideration for a majority stake in the SPAC.

 

Pledge Agreement ” has the meaning specified in Section 3.01.BIS.(a).

 

1.3                                Include as Article III.bis the Shares Pledge

 

SECTION 3.01.BIS Pledge Agreement .

 

(a)           The Guarantor undertakes to pledge and grant to the Lender a continuing security interest in, all of its voting and economics rights, title and interest in the equity interests of shares representing at least 20% of the capital stock and votes of Rizobacter Argentina S.A. or a higher percentage of such capital stock whose valuation represents at least USD30,000,000.00 at the date of the execution of the pledge agreement, considering for such valuation, parameters validated by an independent expert at Lender’s satisfaction (the “ Share Pledge ”) pursuant to a pledge agreement (the “ Pledge Agreement ”), having substantially the same terms as the form of pledge agreement attached hereto as Exhibit D, within 30 consecutive days from the execution of the Harvest Project (if the obligations assumed under the Credit Agreement and this Amendment were still pending) but no longer than January 31st 2019, or on January 31st, 2019, regardless of the occurrence of the Harvest Project has not been executed by such date, as long as the Credit Agreement and this Amendment shall remain unpaid.

 

(b)           The Guarantor shall deliver to the Lender the certificates representing the shares pledged under the Pledge Agreement (along with any other related evidence and/or document that the Lender reasonably requests) and shall provide notice to the board of directors or other governing body of Rizobacter Argentina S.A. and request the registration of the Share Pledge on the registry of shares of Rizobacter Argentina S.A. within the period required under the Pledge Agreement, pursuant to the terms of section 215 of the Argentine Corporations Law. Guarantor will make all applicable filings and will take any and all actions necessary or desirable to perfect the Share Pledge and to defend the Share Pledge and the first priority thereof. Guarantor authorizes the Lender to take any of the foregoing actions on behalf of the Guarantor in the event the Guarantor fails to do so, without any obligation on the part of the Lender to do the same.

 

2


 

(c)           The Parties hereby established that the Pledge Agreement shall guarantee since the dates indicated in paragraph (a), this Credit Agreement as well as the obligations arising from the credit facility executed by the Loan Parties and BAF Latam Trade Finance Fund BV on march 21 st , 2018 (as amended).

 

SECTION 3.02.BIS Costs and Expenses . The Guarantor and Borrower hereby agrees to pay all fees, costs and expenses relating to the Share Pledge of whatever kind, including but not limited to (a) all taxes, fees, charges and contributions, current or future, originated or that may be originated in the future in connection with the creation and maintenance of the Share Pledge, (b) any other expense whether or not foreseeable, incurred by or for the account of the Lender or the Borrower or Guarantor during the term of the Share Pledge and (c) any and all expenses incurred or which may be required in connection with the Share Pledge.

 

1.4                                Include as an Event of Default in Section 9.01.o).

 

“o) The Loan Parties shall fail to perform the Pledge Agreement with Guarantor’s shares in Rizobacter Argentina S.A., according to the terms and conditions set forth in Article III.BIS in order to guarantee all the Sums Due”

 

2.                                       Representations and Warranties

 

The Borrower and the Guarantor, hereby certifies that (a) the representations and warranties contained in the Credit Agreement and in the other Loan Documents are true, correct and complete in all material respects on and as of the date hereof to the same extent as though made on and as of the date hereof, except to the extent such representations and warranties specifically relate to an earlier date, in which case such representations and warranties were true, correct and complete in all material respects on and as of such earlier date, and (b) no event has occurred and is continuing that would constitute a Default or an Event of Default after giving effect to this Amendment.

 

3.                                       Miscellaneous

 

3.1                                This Amendment shall be a Loan Document for purposes of the Credit Agreement.

 

3.2                                The provisions of the Credit Agreement and each other Loan Document shall, save as modified by this Amendment, continue in full force and effect, and references in the Loan Documents to the “Credit Agreement” shall mean the Credit Agreement as modified by this Amendment. This Amendment and the amendments hereunder do not imply and shall not be construed in any manner to constitute a novation of any of the obligations of the parties under the Credit Agreement.

 

3.3                                The Guarantor hereby acknowledges that (i) it has read this Amendment and consents to the terms hereof, (ii) hereby confirms and agrees that, notwithstanding the effectiveness of this Amendment, the obligations of the Guarantor under the Loan Documents shall not be impaired or affected by this Amendment, and (iii) each Loan Documents is, and shall continue to be, in full force and effect and is hereby confirmed and ratified in all respects.

 

3


 

3.4                                This Amendment and any claims, controversy, dispute or cause of action (whether in contract or tort or otherwise) based upon, arising out of or relating to this Amendment and the transactions contemplated hereby shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the law of the State of New York, including without limitation, Section 5-1401 of the New York General Obligations Law .

 

3.5                                This Amendment may be executed in counterparts (and by different parties hereto in different counterparts), each of which shall constitute an original, but all of which when taken together shall constitute a single contract.

 

3.6                                The provisions of ARTICLE X, Sections 10.01, 10.07 and 10.09 of the Credit Agreement shall apply, mutatis mutandis , to this Amendment as if set forth in full herein.

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the parties hereto have caused this Amendment to be duly executed and delivered by their respective authorized officers as of October 16 th  2018.

 

as Borrower

 

as Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

 

By:

Name:

 

Name:

Title:

 

Title:

 

 

 

as Guarantor

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

 

 

Name:

 

 

Title:

 

 

 

4


 

Exhibit D — Pledge Agreement

 

5


Exhibit 2.4

 

AMENDMENT NO. 2 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT

 

This AMENDMENT No. 2 to the Credit Agreement identified below (this “ Second Amendment ”) is entered into by and among:

 

BIOCERES S.A., an Argentinian company, domiciled at 210 bis Ocampo St, City of Rosario (the “ Borrower ”).

 

RASA HOLDING LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, domiciled at 1209 Orange St., Wilmington, New Castle, Delaware (19801), (“ Guarantor ”).

 

BAF LATAM CREDIT FUND B.V., domiciled at De Boelelaan 7, 1083HJ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, represented herein by the signatories indicated on the signature pages hereof, (the “ Lender ”).

 

WHEREAS,

 

(A)                                The Borrower, the Guarantor and the Lender are parties to the Credit Agreement dated as of September 12th, 2018, modified by a first amendment dated October 16th, 2018 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “ Credit Agreement ”). terms used in this Second Amendment but not defined herein shall have the meanings given to such terms in the Credit Agreement.

 

(B)                                The Borrower and the Guarantor represent and warrant that, the aggregate amount of the Sums Due under the Credit Agreement is $ 11,700,531.25 (Dollars ELEVEN MILLION SEVEN HUNDRED THOUSAND FIVE HUNDRED AND THIRTY ONE with 25/100) without prejudice to the applicable interests until full payment - if applicable.

 

(C)                                The Borrower and the Guarantor have requested that the Lender agree to increase the Facility Amount.

 

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the agreements, provisions and covenants contained herein, the parties hereto hereby agree as follows:

 

1.               Amendments

 

1.1.          Modify hereby the Preliminary Statements of the Credit Agreement, which shall remain as follows:

 

WHEREAS, the Borrower has requested that the Lender extend credit in the form of Loans to be advanced from time to time during the Availability Period, in an aggregate principal amount not in excess of $ 16,000,000.00 (Dollars SIXTEEN MILLION with 00/100), the proceeds of such Loans to be used to finance working capital;

 

1.2.         Modify hereby the definition of “ Facility Amount ” under Section ONE of the Credit Agreement, which remains as follows:

 


 

Facility Amount means the maximum aggregate principal amount of Loans that the Lender makes available to the Borrower under 2.03, as such amount may be reduced from time to time pursuant to 2.04. The initial Facility Amount is $ 16,000,000.00 (Dollars SIXTEEN MILLION with 00/100).

 

1.3.          Modify hereby Section 3.01 BIS (a)  “Pledge Agreement”, of the Agreement, which remains as follows:

 

SECTION 3.01.BIS Pledge Agreement.

 

(a)            The Guarantor undertakes to pledge and grant to the Lender a continuing security interest in, all of its voting and economics rights, title and interest in the equity interests of shares representing at least 20% of the capital stock and votes of Rizobacter Argentina S.A. or a higher percentage of such capital stock whose valuation represents at least USD 30,000,000.00 at the date of the execution of the pledge agreement, considering for such valuation, parameters validated by an independent expert at Lender’s satisfaction (the “Share Pledge”) pursuant to a pledge agreement (the “Pledge Agreement”), having substantially the same terms as the form of pledge agreement attached hereto as Exhibit D, within 30 consecutive days from the execution of the Harvest Project (if the obligations assumed under the Credit Agreement and this Amendment were still pending) but no longer than February 20th 2019, or on February 20th, 2019, regardless of the occurrence of the Harvest Project has not been executed by such date, as long as the Credit Agreement and this Amendment shall remain unpaid.

 

2.               Representations and Warranties

 

The Borrower and the Guarantor, hereby certifies that (a) the representations and warranties contained in the Credit Agreement and in the other Loan Documents are true, correct and complete in all material respects on and as of the date hereof to the same extent as though made on and as of the date hereof, except to the extent such representations and warranties specifically relate to an earlier date, in which case such representations and warranties were true, correct and complete in all material respects on and as of such earlier date, and (b) no event has occurred and is continuing that would constitute a Default or an Event of Default after giving effect to this Second Amendment.

 

3.               Miscellaneous

 

3.1.         This Second Amendment shall be a Loan Document for purposes of the Credit Agreement.

 

3.2.         The provisions of the Credit Agreement and each other Loan Document shall, save as modified by this Second Amendment, continue in full force and effect, and references in the Loan Documents to the “Credit Agreement” shall mean the Credit Agreement as modified by this Second Amendment. This Second Amendment and the amendments hereunder do not imply and shall not be construed in any manner to constitute a novation of any of the obligations of the parties under the Credit Agreement.

 

2


 

3.3.         The Guarantor hereby acknowledges that (i) it has read this Second Amendment and consents to the terms hereof, (ii) hereby confirms and agrees that, notwithstanding the effectiveness of this Second Amendment, the obligations of the Guarantor under the Loan Documents shall not be impaired or affected by this Second Amendment, and (iii) each Loan Documents is, and shall continue to be, in full force and effect and is hereby confirmed and ratified in all respects.

 

3.4.         THIS SECOND AMENDMENT AND ANY CLAIMS, CONTROVERSY, DISPUTE OR CAUSE OF ACTION (WHETHER IN CONTRACT OR TORT OR OTHERWISE) BASED UPON, ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS SECOND AMENDMENT AND THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAW OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION,2 SECTION 5-1401 OF THE NEW YORK GENERAL OBLIGATIONS LAW.

 

3.5.         This Second Amendment may be executed in counterparts (and by different parties hereto in different counterparts), each of which shall constitute an original, but all of which when taken together shall constitute a single contract.

 

3.6.         The provisions of ARTICLE X, Sections 10.01, 10.07 and 10.09 of the Credit Agreement shall apply, mutatis mutandis, to this Second Amendment as if set forth in full herein.

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Second Amendment to be duly executed and delivered by their respective authorized officers as of January 30th, 2019.

 

as Borrower

 

as Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Federico Trucco

 

By:

 

Name:

Federico Trucco

 

Name:

 

Title:

Attorney in fact

 

Title:

 

 

 

 

as Guarantor

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Federico Trucco

 

 

Name:

Federico Trucco

 

 

Title:

Attorney in fact

 

 

 

3


Exhibit 2.5

 

AMENDMENT NO. 3 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT

 

This AMENDMENT No. 3 to the Credit Agreement identified below (this “Third Amendment”) is entered into by and among:

 

BIOCERES S.A., an Argentinian company, domiciled at 210 bis Ocampo St., City of Rosario, Republic of Argentina (the “Borrower”)

 

RASA HOLDING LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, domiciled at 1209 Orange St., Wilmington, New Castle, Delaware (19801), USA (“Guarantor” and together with the Borrower, the “Debtors”);

 

BAF LATAM CREDIT FUND B.V., a company organized under the laws of The Netherlands, domiciled at De Boelelaan 7, 1083HJ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, (the “Lender and together with the Borrower and the Guarantor, the “Parties”).

 

WHEREAS,

 

(A)   The Borrower, the Guarantor and the Lender are parties to the Credit Agreement dated as of September 12th, 2018, modified by a first amendment dated October 16th 2018 and by a second amendment dated January 30th, 2019 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the ‘‘Credit Agreement); terms used in this Third Amendment but not defined herein shall have the meanings given to such terms in the Credit Agreement.

 

(B)   The Borrower and the Guarantor represent and warrant that the aggregate amount of the Sums Due under the Credit Agreement is $ 11,555,711.63 (Dollars ELEVEN MILLION FIVE HUNDRED AND FIFTY FIVE THOUSAND SEVEN HUNDRED AND ELEVEN with 63/100) without prejudice to the applicable interests until full payment of such -if applicable-.

 

(C)   The Borrower and the Guarantor have requested the Lender to postpone the deadline of the obligations determined in Section 3.01 (BIS) of the Credit Agreement, and the Lender has granted such request.

 

NOW, THEREFORE, the parties hereto hereby agree as follows:

 

1. Amendments

 

1.1. Modify             hereby Section                         III.BIS          (Pledge Agreement) - 3.01.BIS.(a)  of the Credit Agreement, which shall remain as follows:

 

SECTION 3.01.81S Pledge Agreement.

 

(a) The Guarantor undertakes to pledge and grant to the Lender a continuing security interest in, all of its voting and economics rights, title and interest in the equity interests of shares representing at least 20% of the capital stock and votes of Rizobacter Argentina S.A. or a higher percentage of such capital stock whose valuation represents at least USD 30,000,000.00 (Dollars THIRTY MILLION with 00/100) at the date of the execution of the pledge agreement, considering for such valuation, parameters validated by an independent expert at Lender’s satisfaction (the Share Pledge) pursuant to a pledge agreement (the Pledge Agreement”), having substantially the same terms as the form of pledge agreement attached hereto as Exhibit D, within 30 consecutive days from the execution of the Harvest Project (if the obligations assumed under the Credit Agreement and this Amendment were still pending) but no longer than May 06th 2019, or on May 06th, 2019, regardless of the occurrence of the Harvest Project has not been executed by such date, as long as the Credit Agreement and this Amendment shall remain unpaid.

 


 

2.          Representations and Warranties

 

The Borrower and the Guarantor, hereby certifies that (a) the representations and warranties contained in the Credit Agreement and in the other Loan Documents are true, correct and complete in all material respects on and as of the date hereof to the same extent as though made on and as of the date hereof, except to the extent such representations and warranties specifically relate to an earlier date, in which case such representations and warranties were true, correct and complete in all material respects on and as of such earlier date, and (b) no event has occurred and is continuing that would constitute a Default or an Event of Default after giving effect to this Third Amendment (or after).

 

3.          Miscellaneous

 

3.1. This Third Amendment shall be a Loan Document for purposes of the Credit Agreement.

 

3.2. The provisions of the Credit Agreement and each other Loan Document shall, save as modified by this Third Amendment, continue in full force and effect, and references in the Loan Documents to the “Credit Agreement” shall mean the Credit Agreement as modified by this Third Amendment. This Third Amendment and the amendments hereunder do not imply and shall not be construed in any manner to constitute a novation of any of the obligations of the parties under the Credit Agreement.

 

3.3. The Guarantor hereby acknowledges that (i) it has read this Third Amendment and consents to the terms hereof, (ii) hereby confirms and agrees that, notwithstanding the effectiveness of this Third Amendment, the obligations of the Guarantor under the Loan Documents shall not be impaired or affected by this Third Amendment, and (iii) each Loan Documents is, and shall continue to be, in full force and effect and is hereby confirmed and ratified in all respects.

 

3.4. THIS THIRD AMENDMENT AND ANY CLAIMS, CONTROVERSY, DISPUTE OR CAUSE OF ACTION (WHETHER IN CONTRACT OR TORT OR OTHERWISE) BASED UPON, ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS THIRD AMENDMENT AND THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAW OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, SECTION 5-1401 OF THE NEW YORK GENERAL OBLIGATIONS LAW.

 

3.5. This Third Amendment may be executed in counterparts (and by different parties hereto in different counterparts), each of which shall constitute an original, but all of which when taken together shall constitute a single contract.

 

3.6. The provisions of ARTICLE X, Sections 10.01, 10.07 and 10.09 of the Credit Agreement shall apply, mutatis mutandis, to this Third Amendment as if set forth in full herein.

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Third Amendment to be duly executed and delivered by their respective authorized officers as of February 20 th  2019,

 


 

As Borrower

 

 

 

/s/ Federico Trucco

 

By: Bioceres S.A

 

Name: Federico Trucco

 

Title: Attorney in fact

 

 

 

 

 

As Guarantor

 

 

 

/s/ Federico Trucco

 

BY: RASA Holding LLC

 

Name: Federico Trucco

 

Title: President

 

 

 

 

 

As Lender

 

 

 

 

 

By: BAF Latam Credit Fund B.V.

 

Name:

 

Title:

 

 


Exhibit 2.6

 

AMENDMENT NO. 4 TO CREDIT AGREEMENT

 

This AMENDMENT No. 4 to the Credit Agreement identified below (this “Fourth Amendment) is enter; into by and among:

 

BIOCERES SA., an Argentinian company, domiciled at 210 bis Ocampo St., City of Rosario, Republic of Argentina (the “Borrower”) :

 

RASA HOLDING LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, domiciled at 1209 Orange St., Wilmington, New Castle, Delaware (19801), USA (“Guarantor” and together with the Borrower, the “Debtors”);

 

BAF LATAM CREDIT FUND B.V., a company organized under the laws of The Netherlands, domiciled at De Boelelaan 7, 1083HJ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, (the “Lender and together with the Borrower and the Guarantor, the “Parties”

 

WHEREAS,

 

(A)        The Borrower, the Guarantor and the Lender are parties to the Credit Agreement dated as of September 12Th, 2018, modified by a first amendment dated October 16Th 2018 by a second amendment dated January 30Th 2019 and by a third amendment dated February 20Th 2019 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Credit Agreement”); terms used in this Fourth Amendment but not defined herein shall have the meanings given to such terms in the Credit Agreement.

 

(B)        The Borrower and the Guarantor represent and warrant that the aggregate amount of the Sums Due under the Credit Agreement is $ 11,700,531.25 (Dollars Eleven million seven hundred thousand five hundred and thirty one with 25/100) without prejudice to the applicable interests until full payment of such -if applicable-.

 

(C)        The Borrower and the Guarantor have requested the Lender to extend the Availability Period under the Credit Agreement, and the Lender has granted such request.

 

NOW, THEREFORE, the parties hereto hereby agree as follows:

 

1. Amendments

 

1.1. Modify hereby the definition of “Availability Period” under SECTION 1.01. Defined Terms of the Credit Agreement, which shall remain as follows:

 

“Availability Period” means the period from and including the Closing Date to but including, the earlier of (a) March 15th, 2019 and (b) the date of termination of the Facility.

 


 

2.     Representations and Warranties

 

The Borrower and the Guarantor, hereby certifies that (a) the representations and warranties contained in the Credit Agreement and in the other Loan Documents are true, correct and complete in all material respects on and as of the date hereof to the same extent as though made on and as of the date hereof, except to the extent such representations and warranties specifically relate to an earlier date, in which case such representations and warranties were true, correct and complete in all material respects on and as of such earlier date, and (b) no event has occurred and is continuing that would constitute a Default or an Event of Default after giving effect to this Fourth Amendment (or after).

 

3. Miscellaneous

 

3.1. This Fourth Amendment shall be a Document for purposes of the Credit Agreement.

 

3.2. The provisions of the Credit Agreement and each other Loan Document shall, save as modified by this Fourth Amendment, continue in full force and effect, and references in the Loan Documents to the ‘Credit Agreement shall mean the Credit Agreement as modified by this Fourth Amendment. This Fourth Amendment and the amendments hereunder do not imply and shall not be construed in any manner to constitute a novation of any of the obligations of the parties under the Credit Agreement.

 

3.3. The Guarantor hereby acknowledges that (I) It has read this Fourth Amendment and consents to the terms hereof, (H) hereby confirms and agrees that, notwithstanding the effectiveness of this Fourth Amendment, the obligations of the Guarantor under the Loan Documents shall not be impaired or affected by this Fourth Amendment, and (iii) each Loan Documents is, and shall continue to be, in full force and effect and is hereby confirmed and ratified in all respects.

 

3.4. THIS FOURTH AMENDMENT AND ANY CLAIMS, CONTROVERSY, DISPUTE OR CAUSE OF ACTION (WHETHER IN CONTRACT OR TORT OR OTHERWISE) BASED UPON, ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS FOURTH AMENDMENT AND THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED IN

 


 

ACCORDANCE WITH. THE LAW OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, SECTION 5-1401 OF THE NEW YORK GENERAL OBLIGATIONS LAW.

 

3.5. This Fourth Amendment may be executed in counterparts (and by different parties hereto in different counterparts), each of which shall constitute an original, but all of which when taken together shall constitute a single contract

 

3.6. The provisions of ARTICLE X, Sections 10.01, 10.07 and 10.09 of the Credit Agreement shall apply, mutatis mutandis, to this Fourth Amendment as if set forth in full herein.

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Fourth Amendment to be duly executed and delivered by their respective authorized officers as of March 8 th  2019.

 

As Borrower

 

 

 

/s/ Federico Trucco

 

By: Bioceres S.A.

 

Name: Federico Trucco

 

Title: Attorney in fact

 

 

 

 

 

As Guarantor

 

 

 

/s/ Federico Trucco

 

By: RASA Holding LLC

 

Name: Federico Trucco

 

Title: President

 

 

 

 

 

As Lender

 

 

 

 

 

By: BAF Latam Credit Fund B.V.

 

Name:

 

Title:

 

 


Exhibit 2. 7

 

EXPORT PREFINANCING CREDIT FACILITY AGREEMENT

 

By and between:

 

BIOCERES S.A. , represented by the signatories herein below, with domicile at Ocampo 210bis, Rosario, Republica Argentina, (hereinafter referred to as the “ BORROWER ”) y

 

RASA HOLDING LLC , represented herein by the signatories herein below, with domicile at 1209 Orange St. Wilmington, New Castle, Delaware 19801, (hereinafter referred to as the “ SURETY ”), on the one part, and

 

BAF Latam Trade Finance Fund B.V. , represented herein by the signatories indicated herein below, domiciled at De Boelelaan 7, 1083HJ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, (hereinafter referred to as the “ LENDER ”).

 

The BORROWER and SURETY are jointly referred to as “ DEBTORS ”;

 

The BORROWER, the SURETY and the LENDER are jointly referred to as the “ Parties ”.

 

RECITALS :

 

(a)                                  Whereas BORROWER is interested in obtaining financing to finance working capital to prefinance its export operations and of its Affiliates companies, and other corporate ending.

 

(b)                                  Whereas satisfaction of BORROWER’S and Affiliates’s current need of financing its working capital to prefinance its export operations and other corporate ending shall allow BORROWER and its Affiliates to continue developing and expanding its external markets.

 

(c)                                   For the reasons indicated in the aforementioned Whereas clause, and to enable the loan from a risk-analysis perspective, the BORROWER and the SURETY are willing to encumber assets to jointly secure the repayment of the credit;

 

(d)                                  That the SURETY, in its capacity as indirect controlled company, maintains strong commercial bonds with the BORROWER, reason why it is interested in guaranteeing its obligations so that it may obtain the aforementioned financing;

 

(e)                                   The LENDER is a financial institution devoted to the financing of activities of well known companies in different countries;

 

(f)                                    Whereas LENDER is willing to grant a credit facility of up to USD 5,000,000.00 (United States Dollars FIVE MILLION with 001/00) to BORROWER, subject to the terms and conditions of this Master Agreement, to the extent and provided that: (i) BORROWER and SURETY become jointly and severally bound to repay the same and to comply with all the obligations undertaken under the Master Agreement; (ii) the guarantees (as defined hereinbelow) are maintained in full force and effect and are enforceable until termination

 


 

of the Master Agreement and payment of all the sums due by BORROWER under the Master Agreement; and (iii) the Parties agree on the applicable interest rate.

 

By virtue of the aforesaid Whereas clauses, this Credit Facility Agreement is executed pursuant to the following terms and conditions:

 

ONE: DEFINITIONS.

 

Affiliates ” means the subsidiary corporations and/or holding corporations and/or companies under common ownership together with any of the DEBTORS, including without limitation Rizobacter Argentina.

 

Change of Control ” means (i) a consolidation or merger with or into any other corporation or other entity or person, or any other corporate reorganization or transaction, in which the stockholders immediately prior to such consolidation, merger or reorganization, own less than 50% of the voting power of the surviving entity immediately after such consolidation, merger or reorganization or (ii) a sale, lease, conveyance, exclusive license or other disposition of all or substantially all of its assets.

 

Material Adverse Change ” means any material unfavorable change in the economic, commercial, financial, operative, net worth or of any other kind of the DEBTORS and/or their Affiliates, or their projections, taken as a whole, or in the economic, financial and tax policy of the Republic of Argentina or of the United States of America, or the occurrence of any event that, at LENDER ‘s reasonable discretion, materially changes prevailing market conditions as of the date of execution of this Master Agreement (including, without limitation, any suspension, release or limitation to the compliance with monetary obligations under financial facilities and/or foreign trade facilities and/or any other kind of facilities, any payment suspension declaration in the Republic of Argentina or in any other financial or exchange market, the commencement of war, armed assaults, or any other type of national or international crisis directly or indirectly related to the Republic of Argentina); or the occurrence of any event that shall not allow the DEBTORS to fulfill or comply with their obligations hereunder; or any significant variation in the Peso/Dollar exchange rate, or any suspension in the foreign exchange markets of the Republic of Argentina and/or the United States of America giving as long as it results in the lack of capacity of the DEBTORS to fulfill the obligations arising from the Master Agreement.

 

Master Agreement ” means this credit facility agreement executed between the Parties.

 

Assigned Credits ” means the definition of Assigned Credit established in Section Four herein, any amendments and/or modifications thereof, including all credit rights derived from bills of lading, receipts, invoices and any other documents issued under the shipment mentioned in the aforesaid safe agreement to.

 

Lender’s Account ” means the LENDER’s bank account which is detailed below:

 

Intermediary Bank:
Bank of New York
One Wall Street

 

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US-New York
ABA: 021000018
Swift-Code: IRVTUS3NXXX

 

Beneficiary Bank:
Credit Suisse, Zurich
Swift Code: CRESCHZZ80A

 

Beneficiary information:
Beneficiary: BAF LATAM TRADE FINANCE FUND B.V.
Address: Dc Boelelaan 7, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Beneficiary account #: 1813638-32-1
IBAN: CH68 0486 6181 3638 3200 1

 

BORROWER’s Account/s ”. means the following bank account of the BORROWER whose data is specified bellow:

 

Bank: HSBC Bank USA N.A.
Fifth Avenue Office
452 Fifth Avenue
New York New York 10018
Routing No.: 021001088
ABA No.: 021001088
Swift Code: MRMDUS33
Account No.: 048-35165-2
Beneficiary: BIOCERES S.A.

 

Assigned Debtors ” means those third parties with which Rizobacter Argentina could enter into contracts that qualify as potential “Assigned Credits’ and which are indicated in ANNEX I hereto.

 

DEBTORS ” has the meaning given in the recitals hereof.

 

Business Day/s ” means the day/s on which bank and/or exchange activities are developed in the City of Buenos Aires.

 

Transaction Documents ” means this Master Agreement, the Disbursement Requests resulting therefrom, the Promissory Notes, and the documents related to the Assigned Credits.

 

Dollars ” and “ USD ” means United States Dollars, in cash or through a bank transfer.

 

Material Adverse Effect ” means a material adverse effect in (i) the business, assets, transactions or condition (financial or otherwise) of DEBTORS and/or their Affiliates.

 

Event of Default ” means any event, condition or circumstance mentioned in 8.2, Section EIGHT of the Master Agreement; and/or any non-compliance of the obligations set forth in the Master Agreement.

 

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Due Dates ” means the due dates for payment of the Sums Due indicated in each of the Disbursement Requests, with the right to pay in advance the Sums Due plus compensatory interests accrued up to the date of the effective payment.

 

SURETY ” has the meaning indicated in the recitals of this Master Agreement.

 

Guaranties ” mean the Promissory Notes, the assignment of the Assigned Credits and the surety.

 

Compensatory Interests ” means the interest applicable under section 8.1 and calculated according to the interest rate applicable due to the Interest Rate agreed by the Parties.

 

Late Payment Interests ” means the interest applicable under section 8.1 which shall be equal to fifty per cent (50%) of the Compensatory Interest rate.

 

Credit Facility ” means this not revolving credit facility which, subject to the terms and conditions of the Transaction Documents, LENDER shall grant to BORROWER, up to a total amount of USD 5,000,000.00 (United States Dollars FIVE MILLION with 00/100) as the net maximum amount to be disbursed by LENDER.

 

Credit Facility Due ” means all of the Sums Due by BORROWER under the Credit Facility including interest as applicable, pursuant to Transaction Documents.

 

Default ” means any event or condition constituting an Event of Default, having the effects set forth in Section EIGHT hereof.

 

LENDER ” has the meaning given in the heading hereof.

 

BORROWER ” has the meaning given in the heading hereof.

 

Applicable Rules ” means all present and/or future, national, provincial or municipal rules applicable to the activities and the businesses of DEBTORS.

 

Parties ” has the meaning given in the recitals hereof.

 

Promissory Note/s ” means the promissory notes issued by BORROWER in favor of the LENDER and secured by SURETY, as per the form attached hereto as ANNEX II , for an amount equal to the Sum/s Due under each Disbursement Request, as set forth in Section THREE of the Master Agreement.

 

Pesos ” means the legal tender in the Republic of Argentina.

 

Crediting Term ” means the term of three (3) Business Days as from the effective date of receipt of the Disbursement Request.

 

Confirmation Term ” means the term of five (5) Business Days as from the date the required funds are credited in BORROWER’s Account pursuant to a Disbursement Request.

 

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Availability Term ” is the term fixed exclusively to the benefit of LENDER, as from the date of execution of the Master Agreement until Marzo 30th 2018 , during which LENDER undertakes to make the Credit Facility available to BORROWER.

 

Rizobacter Argentina ” means Rizobacter Argentina S.A., a company registered under the laws of Republic of Argentina, domiciled at Dr. Arturo Frondizi Avenue 1150, Parque Industrial Pergamino, Pergamino, Buenos Aires, Argentina which is an Affiliate company of the DEBTORS.

 

Disbursement Request ” is the form substantially identical to the one attached hereto as ANNEX III , having all required data, to be executed by BORROWER and bearing the signature of its attorneys-in-fact or legal representatives certified by a notary public.

 

Sum/s Due ” means the funds to be repaid by BORROWER to LENDER under each Disbursement Request plus any applicable interest and expenses - including those due by reason of Default - as per this Master Agreement.

 

Interest Rate ” means the following annual interest rate: 8% (eight percent), applicable to each disbursement of funds requested by the BORROWER to the LENDER, that the latter shall consider to calculate the amount of the Sums Due.

 

TWO: THE CREDIT FACILITY .

 

2.1. Availability of the Credit Facility .

 

(a) Conditional Availability . Subject to the specific performance of all and each of the Conditions Precedent, or to a written waiver by LENDER of one or all of the Conditions Precedent, without being required to do so under any circumstance, LENDER undertakes to make the Credit Facility available to BORROWER during the Availability Term, which shall only be used to finance working capital to operations of pre-finance exports of the BORROWER and its Affiliates to the extent of the Requests of Disbursement, pursuant to the conditions and procedure set forth in this Master Agreement.

 

(b) Effectiveness . Once the Availability Term has expired, BORROWER’s right to send to LENDER any Disbursement Requests will automatically and irrevocably cease, without any prior court or out-of-court notice being required for that purpose, unless the Availability Term is expressly extended in writing by LENDER, to its sole satisfaction, and such decision is sufficiently notified to BORROWER in a timely fashion.

 

(c) Amount of Disbursements . BORROWER may require as many disbursements as it may deem appropriate according to its needs as long as the aggregate sum of disbursements requested in the relevant Disbursement Requests do not exceed the total amount of the Credit Facility; consequently, in no case and under no circumstance, will LENDER be bound, or may be interpreted to be bound, to make disburse an amount higher than or exceeding the Credit Facility.

 

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2.2 Precedent Conditions to the Granting of the Credit Facility .

 

The validity and effectiveness of the Credit Facility granted by LENDER under the Master Agreement is subject to the fact that, at LENDER’S reasonable discretion, (i) all and each of the following Conditions Precedent, set forth for LENDERS exclusive benefit, are fulfilled and remain fully effective as of the execution of this Master Agreement and until its termination, and/or (ii) LENDER expressly waives in writing one, any or all of the Precedent Conditions:

 

(a)  Corporate Approvals . The DEBTORS must have validly signed the Transaction Documents and the attorneys-in-fact and/or legal representatives of the DEBTORS must have executed the Transaction Documents pursuant to powers of attorneys and/or any other documents which set forth that the persons authorized for the subscription of the Transaction Documents are sufficiently empowered for executing that act

 

(b)  Effectiveness of the Representations and Statements made by DEBTORS . That all and each of the representations and statements made by DEBTORS in Section SEVEN of the Master Agreement are fully effective , and continue to be accurate, correct and true; and

 

(c)  Non-existence of Material Adverse Changes and/or, Material Adverse Effects, or Events of Default . That no grounded events have either occurred and/or continue to exist or exist to foresee the occurrence of one or more Material Adverse Changes, Material Adverse Effects and/or Events of Default (whether the lapse and acceleration of terms have been declared or not), and no circumstance known by BORROWER and or SURETY has occurred that in any way may endanger, undermine or weaken the full effectiveness, validity, force and effect, scope, and enforceability vis-à-vis third parties of the Transaction Documents and Guarantees.

 

THREE: CONDITIONS PRECEDENT FOR DISBURSEMENTS .

 

3.1 Disbursement Request . To request LENDER a disbursement under the Credit Facility, BORROWER must send by reliable means and to LENDER’S satisfaction:

 

(i)                                      the original of the Disbursement Request duly filled out and signed by the legal representatives or attorneys-in-fact of BORROWER duly empowered therefor, with its signature certified by an Argentine notary public; each Disbursement Request shall always contain the requested disbursement amount, the Due Date/s thereof, the Sums Due payable by BORROWER on such Due Date/s calculated based on the Interest Rate.

 

(ii)                                   a Promissory Note issued in favor of the LENDER and co-signed by SURETY, payable at sight, for the amount of the Sums Due, duly signed by the legal representatives and/or the or attorneys-in-fact of DEBTORS duly empowered therefor, to the full satisfaction of LENDER, with their signatures duly certified by an Argentine notary public. LENDER shall return the Promissory Note to BORROWER within a term no longer than ten (10) Business Days after full payment of the Sums Due provided that the Sums Due have been paid in whole, together with any additional interests that could correspond in the event of Default and provided that there is no sum owed hereunder to LENDER for any reason.

 

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3.2. Lack of Liability for Making a Disbursement or Not . Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section, LENDER shall not have any liability whatsoever to BORROWER for accepting or rejecting any Disbursement Requests received from BORROWER (including, without limitation, the Parties’ failure to agree on the Interest Rate applicable to the Disbursement Request) and, therefore, BORROWER expressly and irrevocably waives to file any claim against LENDER based upon such circumstance or cause.

 

3.3. Subsequent Proceeding. Disbursement .

 

(a)            Once the Disbursement Request documents have been received by LENDER, LENDER shall verify that all the information and documents contained therein are, accurate and in accordance with the Master Agreement. Notwithstanding the above, LENDER is not obliged to perform a legal audit or due diligence of the Disbursement Request document and, therefore, LENDER shall be not responsible for any misrepresentation, inaccuracy, omission and/or lack of genuineness thereof.

 

(b)            Notwithstanding the aforesaid, if LENDER agrees„ to the Disbursement Request and the Promissory Note, LENDER shall, at its own discretion and to its own satisfaction, and even without being bound thereto under the Transaction Documents, disburse the requested funds (net of any applicable deduction) in BORROWER’s Account within the Crediting Term. LENDER’S acceptance of a Disbursement Request does not bind LENDER to accept any other Disbursement Requests that BORROWER may submit to LENDER simultaneously or thereafter.

 

3.4. Confirmation . Within the Confirmation Term, BORROWER shall send to LENDER a note confirming receipt of such funds by reliable means. Notwithstanding the aforesaid, even in the event that BORROWER fails to send the confirmation note mentioned above, BORROWER’s failure to submit a claim by reliable means within a term of ten (10) calendar days as from completion of the Crediting Term shall imply BORROWER’s acceptance of the disbursement deposited in BORROWER’s Account.

 

3.5. LENDER’S Exclusive Power . Should, at LENDER’S exclusive discretion, any Material Adverse Change or Material Adverse Effect occur during the Availability Term, LENDER may immediately interrupt the processing of any Disbursement Request submitted under the Master Agreement being reviewed and evaluated by LENDER, as well as any disbursement of funds corresponding to a Disbursement Request approved by LENDER but which funds have not been actually credited in BORROWER’s Account, without giving rise to any responsibility for LENDER, the BORROWER consequently waiving the right to the file any action for responsibility grounded thereon. The aforesaid notwithstanding LENDER’s right to terminate the Master Agreement under the provisions of section EIGHT hereof.

 

FOUR: PAYMENT - ASSIGNMENT OF CREDITS. APPLICATION OF ASSIGNED CREDITS TO PAYMENT OF SUMS DUE

 

4.1. As security for performance of all the obligations of BORROWER hereunder and as payment of the Sums Due under the Master Agreement, in the event that any commercial transaction between the DEBTORS and/or Rizobacter Argentina and any of the Assigned

 

7


 

Debtors is consummated, within 24 (twenty-four) hours after such commercial transaction has been agreed upon for the sale of goods by Rizobacter Argentina and/or any of the DEBTORS, BORROWER shall give notice to LENDER of the transaction constituting the Assigned Credit (including supporting agreements and/or invoices and/or other specific documents) a - d within the referred term of 24 hours- the DEBTORS undertake to sign jointly with Rizobacter Argentina the Credit Assignment Agreement in accordance with the terms and conditions set forth in ANNEX IV attached hereto, whose dispositions shall apply to the Assigned Credits.

 

The Assigned Credits shall comply with the terms set forth in section 4.2 below, at LENDER’s satisfaction and under the terms and conditions set forth under the assignment agreement (“ Assigned Credits ”) pursuant to the model attached hereto as ANNEX IV (“ Credit Assignment Agreement ”), whose terms and conditions are deemed as reproduced, valid and an integral part hereof.

 

4.2. In the event that operations will be carried out regarding the Assigned Credits the Parties shall subscribe the Credit Assignment Agreement- as per the terms and term established in Section 4.1 and in the Credit Assignment Agreement-, under penalty of incurring in automatic Default.

 

FIVE: SURETY.

 

SURETY hereby becomes a joint and several surety, main payor, and co-debtor of the debts and liabilities undertaken by BORROWER under this Agreement, under the same terms and conditions set forth herein for BORROWER, expressly waiving the right to: (1) the benefits of division and excussion and other applicable related commercial and civil rules, (2) demand the previous court or out-of-court foreclosure of BORROWER or exercise any defense that may be available to BORROWER, and generally to file any defenses other than that of payment. The joint and several liability assumed by SURETY comprises, additionally, legal or conventional readjustment and accessory costs, such as currency updating, compensatory and penalty interest due by BORROWER. This surety shall be effective until full payment is made by BORROWER of all liabilities of BORROWER undertaken under this Credit Facility and covered by this guarantee. The following events shall be construed to be a breach of the provisions herein contemplated: if SURETY starts negotiations with any creditor for a general payment arrangement or changes their indebtedness schedule, becomes insolvent, or bankrupt, or bankruptcy proceedings are instituted, or petitions for a composition with creditors, or an Out of Court Reorganization Plan is filed, and the same are not withdrawn within 15 days from institution thereof. In such event, LENDER may, through notice served on SURETY, declare that BORROWER’s obligations are due and demand payment of all amounts due by BORROWER as payable, plus all expenses incurred by LENDER. SURETY makes the following representations and warranties, all of which shall continue to be effective during the life of this Agreement: (a) This guaranty is a valid and binding obligation of Surety, enforceable according to its relevant terms; (b) There is no by-law, rule, regulation or contract provision binding upon Surety that may be breached by the execution, delivery or performance of this guaranty. For all legal purposes hereof, SURETY establishes its special domicile at 1345 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10105, USA; (Linklaters LLP, Conrado Tenaglia Conrado.tenaglia@linklaters.com), USA, and accepts that notices served through a certified

 

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telegram or other authentic means are valid. To all legal purposes hereof, SURETY irrevocably submits to the jurisdiction and applicable law set forth in Section TWELVE hereof, expressly waiving any other forum or jurisdiction.

 

SIX: PAYMENT CURRENCY .

 

6.1. DEBTORS undertake that payment of the full amount or the balance that may become due under the Transaction Documents-including payment of the Credit Facility Due- shall only be paid in Dollars and that no other currency shall be accepted. Consequently, DEBTORS expressly acknowledge and state that it is a material condition to this Agreement that payment of the Credit Facility Due, as well as compensatory and late-payment interest, if any, costs, court fees and further sums payable to LENDER hereunder, be canceled in Dollars, expressly waiving the doctrine of unforeseeability or any other similar theory to allege any increased burden for payment (including, without limitation, attempts of payment in Pesos or any other currency different from Dollars pursuant to Section 765 of the Civil and Commercial Code of the Republic of Argentina and/or any other law and/or legal doctrine).

 

6.2. In accordance with the provisions set forth in Section 6.1., if on any Due Date there is any restriction or prohibition to access the exchange market in the Republic of Argentina as the case may be, DEBTORS shall nevertheless pay the Credit Facility Due and any other amount payable under the Transaction Documents in Dollars, and it shall obtain such Dollars through any of the following mechanisms, at LENDER’s option.

 

6.2(a)  Through the purchase with Pesos (or the then legal tender in the Republic of Argentina), of securities in Dollars and the transfer and sale of said instruments outside the Republic of Argentina for Dollars in an amount which, sold in a foreign market, and once applicable taxes, costs, commissions and expenses are deducted, the proceeds thereof in Dollars are equal to the amount of said currency due under the Transaction Documents; or

 

6.2(b)  Through delivery to LENDER of any securities in Dollars, to LENDER’s express satisfaction and with a Dollar quotation abroad, in an amount which, once sold by LENDER in a foreign market, at market prices and conditions, and once applicable taxes, costs, commissions and expenses are deducted, the proceeds thereof in Dollars are equal to the aggregate amount in such currency due under the Transaction Documents; or

 

6.2(c)  If there is any express legal prohibition in the Republic of Argentina preventing BORROWER from making the transactions stated in the two foregoing paragraphs, through delivery to LENDER of Pesos (or the then legal tender in the Republic of Argentina), in an amount which, on the payment date, is sufficient, once applicable taxes, costs, commissions and expenses are deducted, to purchase the aggregate amount of Dollars payable by BORROWER under the Transaction Documents, as per the exchange rate reported by Citibank N.A., New York, United States of America, to make Dollar acquisitions with Pesos in the City of New York, at 12 (twelve) hours (New York City time) on the payment date; or

 

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6.2(d)  Through any other procedure existing in the Republic of Argentina or abroad, on any Due Date under the Master Agreement, for the purchase of Dollars, to the express satisfaction and criteria of LENDER..

 

6.3. It is hereby expressly stated that in any of the alternatives detailed in 6.2. (a) through 6.2.(d), the Sums Due by BORROWER shall only be deemed paid and such payment shall have discharging effects only once the amount of Dollars due under the Transaction Documents and this Master Agreement is actually credited into Lenders Account.

 

6.4. All charges, costs, commissions, fees and taxes payable in connection with the procedures set forth in 6.2(a) through 6.2(d) above shall be paid by BORROWER.

 

6.5. If in order to obtain a judicial judgment the amounts in Dollars due hereunder should be translated into another currency, the Parties agree that the exchange rate to be used shall be such which, in accordance with normal banking procedures, LENDER shall be able to apply to such other currency to purchase Dollars in New York City, United States of America, on the Business Day prior to that day in which final judgment is rendered. Likewise, if a judgment is rendered against any of the DEBTORS for payment of a sum in a currency other than Dollars, payment obligation of any amount due under the Transaction Documents shall only be deemed paid if on the Business Day following the date in which LENDER has received any amount deemed to be due hereunder in such other currency, LENDER shall, under normal banking procedures, in the City of New York, United States of America, purchase Dollars with such other currency. If such amount of Dollars thus purchased is less than the amount due under the Transaction Documents, BORROWER agrees, as a different obligation and independently from such judgment, to compensate LENDER for such loss.

 

SEVEN: REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES AND COMMITMENTS OF DEBTORS.

 

7.1. Representations and Warranties of DEBTORS .

 

In order to induce LENDER to enter into the Master Agreement, DEBTORS represent and warrant the following as of the date hereof and until termination of this Master Agreement:

 

7.1.1. That BORROWER is duly organized, registered and validly existing pursuant to the laws of the Republic of Argentina and the SURETY is duly organized, registered and validly existing pursuant to the laws of Delaware, with all necessary powers and authority to carry out the relevant operations and businesses currently developed by them; and

 

7.1.2. That DEBTORS are not bound to apply for authorizations or approvals from any judicial or governmental authority or from any other public or private entity (including, without limitation, lessors, lenders, creditors, insurance companies, and financial institutions) as a result of this Master Agreement and/or the Guaranties; and

 

7.1.3. That the Agreement and the Guaranties (i) are legal acts or businesses that DEBTORS are legally authorized and qualified to perform pursuant to the relevant legal and statutory provisions governing their activity; and (ii) that they are executed pursuant to all the required internal approvals of DEBTORS, without infringing any legal, statutory, stockholders’ meeting or contractual provision, and that no further authorization is necessary; and

 

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7.1.4. That DEBTORS and/or their Affiliates have not materially and significantly defaulted on: (i) any order, ruling, mandatory injunction, demand, decree or request from any court of justice or arbitral tribunal, or any government agency, whether national, provincial or municipal, in the Republic of Argentina, or abroad, and/or (ii) payment of any taxes, rates, liens, social security debts and/or levies, whether national, provincial or municipal, in the Republic of Argentina, or abroad; and

 

7.1.5. That DEBTORS have no pending lawsuit, investigation or judicial, administrative or arbitral proceeding before any court of justice, arbitral tribunal or administrative authority, whether national, provincial or municipal, in the Republic of Argentina, or abroad; or any arbitration proceeding, that may (i) adversely and materially affect their capacity to fulfill their payment obligations under the Transaction Documents; (ii) affect the validity, legality or enforceability of any of the Transaction Documents; and/or (iii) have a material adverse effect on the business, financial or any other condition, or the result of their operations; and

 

7.1.6. That the execution and delivery of, and/or compliance with the Transaction Documents do not infringe any provisions under the Applicable Rules and/or any law and/or decree and/or regulation and/or resolution applicable to DEBTORS and do not infringe any order issued by any court or relevant judicial, arbitral or administrative authority DEBTORS might be subject to, and/or any provision under the current by-laws of DEBTORS and/or under any mortgage, security interest, debt instrument, contract or other undertaking in which DEBTORS might be a party or be bound to; and

 

7.1.7. That there is no paramount title and/or lien and/or restriction and/or limitation and/or hindrance whatsoever that precludes and/or prohibits and/or limits and/or in any way restricts the powers and rights of DEBTORS to execute all Transaction Documents (both main documents and ancillary documents); and

 

7.1.8. That DEBTORS are in compliance with the rules and regulations in force applicable to them in environmental, industrial safety and public health matters, and that they have secured all authorizations, permits and licenses required under such rules and regulations; and

 

7.1.9. That they have informed LENDER with all the information relating to or in connection with any other agreement, contract or transaction, fact and/or circumstance relating to DEBTORS that may in any way adversely and materially affect the capacity of any of them to comply with their payment obligations hereunder and under the Guarantees, and that all the information furnished to LENDER by DEBTORS relating to the preparation, negotiation and execution of the Transaction Documents is true and correct and does not contain any inaccurate information regarding any relevant fact, nor does it omit any relevant fact the mention of which might be necessary to prevent the stated facts from being inaccurate or misleading; and

 

7.1.10. That the annual balance sheet of BORROWER as of December 31 st  2017 and that of SURETY as of December 31 st  2017, the relevant statements of income and financial position, annexes and further information therein contained relating to BORROWER and/or SURETY, duly signed copies of which BORROWER and SURETY have delivered to LENDER through their pertinent authorities, accurately present the financial situation and result of operations of BORROWER as of such date, and that no adverse change or event that may cause an adverse

 

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change in the business, operations, prospects or financial condition of BORROWER and/or SURETY has occurred; and

 

7.1.11. That the surety granted by the Surety are not subject to any paramount title; and

 

7.1.12. That DEBTORS have taken out and maintain in force and effect all required insurance pursuant to the standards current of the country of origin pertinent to each of them for the activities they develop with creditworthy insurance companies of national renown; and

 

7.1.13. That the Transaction Documents and the obligations included therein are and will be at all times direct and general obligations of DEBTORS and have and will have at all times the highest preferential rank in DEBTORS’ debt in accordance with Applicable Rules; and

 

7.1.14. That the Transaction Documents are, or when duly executed and delivered will be, in proper legal form and substance under the applicable law for purposes of performance thereof, pursuant to applicable law. All formalities required in the Republic of Argentina and any other applicable jurisdiction for the validity and performance of the Transaction Documents (including any notice, registration, filing, payment of fees or taxes, notarization, or submittal to any Government Authority) have been complied with; and

 

7.1.15. That no Event of Default has occurred as a consequence of or in connection with the performance of the transactions contemplated in the Transaction Documents; and

 

7.1.16. That no Material Adverse Change has occurred as regards DEBTORS that may reasonably cause a Material Adverse Effect in their capacity to comply their obligations under the Transaction Documents; and

 

7.1.17. That every reasonable action is being followed and taken by them in order to remain compliant with all international laws, regulations and conventions relating to environmental, labor, health and social security issues as applicable thereto; and

 

7.2. Commitments and Obligations of DEBTORS

 

Following the execution hereof and to the extent any amount due hereunder remains outstanding, on any account and/or due to any reason whatsoever, DEBTORS firmly, expressly, irrevocably and unconditionally undertake to perform or abstain from performing all the acts and/or activities specified below:

 

7.2.1 To duly and timely pay the Credit Facility Due and all applicable expenses and interests relevant hereto as and when due, pursuant to the terms and conditions set forth herein; and

 

7.2.2 To keep all payments of taxes, liens, rates, and/or social security obligations and/or levies, whether national, provincial or municipal, both in the Republic of Argentina, and abroad, up to date, except in such cases where DEBTORS may, as applicable, file well-grounded objections in good faith to such payments through the pertinent legal procedures, as soon as permitted by the applicable procedural legislation and based on their unconstitutionality, inapplicability and/or illegality; and

 

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7.2.3 To (i) maintain their legal capacity in force as well as all registrations necessary to maintain the same; (ii) take any reasonable steps to maintain all the rights, permits, authorizations, agreements, insurance, powers of attorney, privileges, franchises, registrations, licenses and the like in force, as are necessary or advisable for the regular conduct of their activity, businesses or operations and the performance of their obligations; (iii) maintain all their property in good state and working conditions; and (iv) abstain from performing any act that may adversely affect the validity and/or effect of the Agreement and the Guaranties and (v) to conduct and make all acts necessary for conservation, maintenance, renewal and effectiveness of their legal existence and rights, licenses, concessions, permits, privileges and franchise materials for the conduction and management of their respective businesses; and

 

7.2.4 To maintain LENDER fully and thoroughly informed of any Material Adverse Change and/or any other fact that may cause a Material Adverse Effect and/or otherwise adversely and significantly affect the payment capacity of DEBTORS of the obligations assumed hereunder and/or under the Guaranties; and/or that may adversely affect the validity and/or enforceability of any of the Guaranties, as well as of the actions taken to remedy the same; and

 

7.2.5 To make available to LENDER, and further deliver forthwith, at LENDER’s request, the following accounting documentation of DEBTORS: (i) annual financial statements duly audited by a first-level auditing firm of international prestige; (ii) biannual financial statements, (iii) quarterly financial statements, and iv) any other information LENDER might reasonable request at any time. The financial statements mentioned in (i) above must be submitted duly audited within one hundred and twenty (120) calendar days from the closing of the relevant fiscal year; the financial statements mentioned in (ii) shall be submitted within sixty (60) calendar days from the closing of the relevant semesters; the financial statements mentioned in (iii) above must be submitted within sixty (60) calendar days from the closing of the relevant semi-annual-period; and the documentation mentioned in (iv) must be submitted within five (5) calendar days following LENDER’s request, provided DEBTORS are able to meet such a request; and

 

7.2.6 Not to let in any manner whatsoever any third party creditor be subrogated to, and to preclude any third party creditor from becoming subrogated in any way to, any rights and/or actions granted to LENDER hereunder and under the Guaranties, which will entail, inter alia, the obligation of DEBTORS to demand the express waiver by any third party obligor of the power to become subrogated to such rights and/or actions to the extent any sum hereunder remains outstanding; and

 

7.2.7 To comply with Applicable Rules (including, without limitation, any law, rule, regulation, order, instruction or resolution applicable to them as regards environmental protection, toxic or hazardous wastes, pollution and health) and to maintain all authorizations, permits or licenses that are necessary under Applicable Rules; and

 

7.2.8 To comply in due time and manner with each and every of their obligations arising from the Transaction Documents; and

 

7.2.9 To immediately notify LENDER (i) of the occurrence of any Event of Default;

 

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7.2.10 To keep accounting records and other records in proper form and allow LENDER’s access to their offices, facilities, books, records and files, allowing the performance of any accounting, legal, and management audits, by themselves or by the ones appointed by the LENDER to the extent such action does not materially and adversely interfere with the regular activities of the DEBTORS; and

 

7.2.11 To inform LENDER within 5 (five) Business Days after occurrence (i) of any loss, devaluation or damage according to general accepted accounting principles, suffered by DEBTORS’ property in amounts higher than FIVE MILLION United States Dollars and 001100 (USD 5,000,000.00), individually or cumulatively during each annual period, and (ii) any action or claim where the amount claimed from BORROWER is equal to or higher than FIVE MILLION United States Dollars and 001100 (USD 5,000,000.00) individually or cumulatively during each annual period, and

 

7.2.12. To abstain from repurchasing, redeeming or amortizing their own shares and from reducing their capital, with the exception of the Sell Options executed by the DEBTORS with YPF, San CristObal, Gador and the LENDER, and the 576 Bioceres’s shares owned by Rizobacter Argentina S.A..

 

7.2.13 To abstain from transferring or otherwise reducing, for any cause or on any account, including by means of a shareholder s’ agreement or stock syndication agreement with third parties, and from pledging, encumbering or granting, any kind of guaranty with regard to the current shareholdings of DEBTORS in other companies or cooperative associations, without the prior notification and consent from the LENDER, which shall not be unreasonably denied, except for the guaranties already granted.

 

7.2.14 To maintain all amounts due hereunder as to guaranties and privileges in collection not below any other obligation of DEBTORS in accordance with Applicable Rules; and

 

7.2.15 To inform LENDER on a quarterly basis (i) the consolidated debt of DEBTORS, and of all Affiliates of DEBTORS, held by each of such companies and by each financial entity as creditor (ii) the sales volume of each of the DEBTORS and DEBTORS’ Affiliates;

 

7.2.16 To replace, to LENDER’s full satisfaction, within a term of ten calendar days following request therefor, the Promissory Notes with another eligible instrument allowing the LENDER to initiate collection proceedings if, due to any change in the legislation, the aforementioned instruments lose their effect for such an end; and

 

7.2.17 To abstain from making any decision that could adversely affect the business and/or goodwill of DEBTORS.

 

7.2.18 To take and maintain in force all required insurance pursuant to the standards of the Argentine Republic and any other applicable jurisdiction for the activities developed by DEBTORS, with nationally and internationally reputable and creditworthy insurance companies, making available to the LENDER - at its sole request - the receipts of payment and any other documentation that evidence the LENDER’s compliance with the obligation stated herein;

 

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7.2.19 To comply with all the requirements and demands from the Banco Central de la Republica Argentina and other Applicable Rules, and immediately provide evidence of such compliance to LENDER, to LENDER’s satisfaction.

 

7.2.20 To abstain from replacing DEBTORS’ auditors, without the LENDER’s prior written consent, except if the auditors are replaced by a “Big Four’s firm, i.e., any of the following: Price Waterhouse & Co. S.R.L., Deloitte & Co. S.R.L., Pistrelli, henry Martin & Asociados S.R.L. (a firm of Ernst & Young Global) and KPMG Finsterbusch Pickenhayn Sibille;

 

7.2.21 To provide all the information LENDER may request relating to the Assigned Credits, and to comply with every obligation as applicable for the Assigned Credits, if occurs, to be paid to LENDER, binding themselves to follow any necessary steps for LENDER to achieve full recognition of the Assigned Credits; DEBTORS will bear all expenses and costs resulting from or inherent in said assignments, including reasonable attorney’s fees or court costs LENDER may have to incur to collect the Assigned Credits;

 

7.2.22 To abstain from distributing dividends in cash or in any other form if such distribution may have an substantial impact on the payment capacity of DEBTORS for the compliance with all its obligations hereunder, and not to take any decision that could have an impact on the business or the good will of the DEBTORS.

 

7.2.23. Not to grant any loans, guaranties, bonds or any other form of security in addition to existing ones to any third individual or entity in excess of ONE MILLION FIVE HUNDRED THOUSAND United States Dollars with 00/100 (USD1,500,000.00) accumulatively.

 

7.2.246. To deliver within ten days as from issued respaldatory invoices of the business transaction of Rizobacter Argentina in the event that they occur.

 

EIGHT: DEFAULT .

 

8.1 DEBTORS’ default of the obligations agreed upon under this Master Agreement, including without limitation, payment in due time and manner of any Sum Due, shall occur automatically by operation of law and without any notice or order being required, upon the occurrence of any of the Events of Default. Upon BORROWER’S Default, the lapsing of all terms shall occur and LENDER shall be entitled to consider the aggregate amount of the Credit Facility Due as a past due debt, and to request and legally demand full payment thereof, plus accrued interest and other charges. As long as BORROWER continues to be in Default LENDER shall be entitled to receive compensatory interest at the Interest Rate plus Late-Payment Interest equal to fifty per cent (50%) of the Compensatory Interest rate.

 

8.2 LENDER shall also be entitled to consider that BORROWER is automatically in Default, that the Credit Facility Due is past due, and to request from BORROWER the prompt payment of all Sums Due upon the occurrence of any of the following Events of Default:

 

(a)                                  if any of the DEBTORS fail to pay any of the Sums Due in due time and manner;

 

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(b)                                  if a third party requests with respect to any of the DEBTORS and/or their respective Affiliates to be declared bankrupt and such a request is not rejected by the court involved in the first procedural stage;

 

(c)                                   if DEBTORS and/or their respective Affiliates file a voluntary petition in bankruptcy, file for their own reorganization, or initiate procedures for an out-of-court reorganization plan or any debt restructuring;

 

(d)                                  if any of the DEBTORS and/or its Affiliates become insolvent, even if the steps described above are not taken;

 

(e)                                   in the event any attachment or any provisional remedy were granted over the property, assets or rights of DEBTORS and/or its Affiliates, or a legal prohibition from disposing of any of DEBTORS’ property were ordered in an amount exceeding FIVE MILLION United States Dollars and 00/100 (USD 5,000,000.00), whether individually or jointly during the life of the Master Agreement, and such attachments and/or provisional remedies were not released or cancelled due to any reason whatsoever within fifteen (15) judicial days following the request to release the attachment and/or cancel the provisional remedy, which request must be made at the first procedural opportunity possible; or

 

(f)                                    if at any time during the life of this Master Agreement, the lack of veracity, whether partial or total, by DEBTORS is found to exist in the statements included in Section Seven hereof and/or failure to comply with the undertakings assumed in such Section and/or lack of veracity in any of the applications of this Master Agreement;

 

(g)                                   if there were any modification which, in LENDER’s opinion, causes a material change in the basic conditions which have been considered for executing this Master Agreement;

 

(h)                                  If a Change of Control shall occur within the BORROWER and/or the SURETIES and/or its Affiliates, without the prior written consent of the LENDER, which shall not be unreasonably withheld.

 

(i)                                      if DEBTORS fail to comply with any of their obligations set forth under the Transaction Documents,

 

(j)                                     if DEBTORS fail to comply with any of its contractual obligations undertaken with any of the Assigned Debtors,

 

(k)                                  if for any reason whatsoever Sums Due hereunder are paid in a currency other than the Dollar, and the process provided in clause 6.2 was not followed;

 

(l)                                      if one or more final court judgments or arbitration awards were issued against DEBTORS or measures were adopted to foreclose any mortgage, attachment or other lien over the property of DEBTORS which, at LENDER’s discretion, may

 

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(i) adversely and materially affect the capacity of DEBTORS to afford payment of their obligations hereunder; or (ii) adversely and materially affect any of the Guaranties;

 

(m)                              if there occurs a Material Adverse Change and/or a Material Adverse Effect; and

 

(n)                                  If the Assigned Receivables were not paid in a timely and accurate manner by the Assigned Debtors in the LENDER’s Account, and the DEBTORS fail to pay the amount of such Assigned Receivables on the Due Date

 

(o)                                  if BORROWER and/or SURETY files a court petition to have any of the Guarantees discharged or otherwise makes partial releases of the Guarantees in breach of the provisions in the Master Agreement.

 

(p)                                  If DEBTORS perform, unless prior ten (10) day express authorization given by the LENDER, any acts constituting or implying (a) a consolidation, merger, transformation, spin-off, or any other form of corporate restructuring, or (b) goodwill transfer or any other act having similar effects which, pursuant to any law or rule, may be enforced before the creditors of DEBTORS; or (c) the participation of DEBTORS in other activities outside the scope of its corporate purpose, or (d) the reduction, distribution or reimbursement of the corporate capital of DEBTORS to its shareholders; and

 

8.3 Each of the DEBTORS agree to comply with each and every one of the obligations under the Transaction Documents, and, therefore, the occurrence of an Event of Default will give rise to DEBTORS ‘s Default. Upon Default, LENDER may forthwith enforce the Guarantees and apply all Assigned Credits to payment of the Credit Facility Due.

 

8.4 In addition to the provisions set forth in 8.1 above, BORROWER’s Default due to non-fulfillment of any of the obligations agreed herein shall give place to the lapsing of all terms and the automatic default of BORROWER in all agreements executed between BORROWER and/or the SURETY and LENDER. Likewise, the default in any of such agreements shall give place to the automatic Default hereof — as per the terms set forth in 9.1 above — and of any other contractual obligation between BORROWER and/or SURETY and the LENDER. In that regard, upon BORROWER’s Default —and/or SURETY’s Default- due to the occurrence of any of the Events of Default detailed hereinabove, LENDER, at its own discretion, shall be entitled to enforce the Guarantees and/or other guaranties granted in other agreements executed between BORROWER and/or SURETY and the LENDER. Likewise, in such event, LENDER shall be entitled to apply to payment of the Sums Due hereunder, and/or under any other agreement executed between LENDER and BORROWER and/or SURETY, any BORROWER and/or SURETY’s funds then deposited — or those to be deposited in the future — in LENDER’s Account for any reason and/or contractual relationship between LENDER and BORROWER and/or SURETY.

 

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NINE: COMMISIONS AND EXPENSES .

 

9.1 All commissions, bank fees (including, without limitation, bank fees and commissions resulting from the deposits and transfers made from and to Lender’s Account and/or Borrower’s Account), taxes and/or charges resulting from the transactions directly and/or indirectly derived from the Transaction Documents, shall be borne by BORROWER. BORROWER undertakes to pay all commissions and/or expenses to be borne by BORROWER to LENDER promptly and upon the latter’s sole request and not later than 48 hours following such request, which shall be duly evidenced.

 

9.2 All payments originated from the Transaction Documents shall be made by DEBTORS free of any deductions, withholdings and other charges of any nature whatsoever. If any of the DEBTORS is requested by law or any competent authority to make any deduction, withholding or charge, DEBTORS shall make such additional payments to LENDER as necessary so that, after such deductions, withholdings or charges, LENDER receives an amount equal to the amount due to LENDER hereunder as if such deductions, withholdings or charges have not been made. DEBTORS shall pay in due time and manner to the pertinent tax authorities the amount withheld, and shall obtain and give to LENDER a certified copy of the pertaining receipts evidencing such payment.

 

9.3 BORROWER shall comply in due time and manner, at their cost and expense, with the settlement of foreign currency and payment of all pertinent taxes directly or indirectly resulting from this Master Agreement and with any rules and regulations set forth by the Banco Central de la Republica Argentina, releasing LENDER from any obligation in connection therewith.

 

9.4 BORROWER and SURETY shall hold LENDER harmless, and defend and prevent any damage being made to LENDER, its shareholders and employees in connection with any and all of the obligations resulting from the transactions relating to the Assigned Credits, if occurs, entry and settlement of foreign exchange and any other taxable, exchange, banking, customs liability or of any other kind of obligations whatsoever resulting therefrom.

 

TEN: MASTER AGREEMENT ASSIGNMENT.

 

The LENDER may assign this Master Agreement and/ or the rights and obligations arising out thereof, in full or partially, by any of the means provided for by Law, the assignee acquiring the same benefits and/or rights and/or actions to which the LENDER is entitled under this Master Agreement. In such event, the LENDER shall give notice of the assignment to the BORROWER, as well as of the new payment instructions, using therefore any true means of notice. In such event, the BORROWER may file any defense against the assignee of the Agreement which it would have been entitled to file against the assigning LENDER.

 

ELEVEN: VALIDITY - EFFECT - INDEMNITY .

 

11.1 In the event any one or more of the provisions contained in this agreement should be held invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect, the validity, legality and enforceability of the

 

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remaining provisions contained herein and therein shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby. The Parties shall endeavor in good-faith negotiations to replace the invalid, illegal or unenforceable provisions with valid provisions the economic effect of which comes as close as possible to that of the invalid, illegal or unenforceable provision.

 

11.2 This Master Agreement as well as all the Guaranties resulting herefrom will remain in full force and effect until all rights and/or obligations of the Parties hereunder are fully exercised and complied with. Furthermore, even after the obligations arising from the Master Agreement have been fulfilled, Sections NINE “Expenses”, ELEVEN “Validity-Effect-Indemnity” and TWELVE “Jurisdiction and Applicable Law/’ will survive and will remain in full force and effect until the expiration of the limitations that might be applicable.

 

11.3 Each of the DEBTORS will hold LENDER, directors, managers, officers, and employees (the “Indemnitee”) harmless against any loss, claim, complaint, liability and dispute of any kind based on contractual or extra-contractual grounds, or as provided in the applicable law; and every expense relating thereto (including reasonable attorney’s and advisor’s fees) incurred by the Indemnitee in connection with, relating to, arising from and as a consequence of the execution or delivery of the Master Agreement and the Guaranties and performance of the obligations thereunder, or performance of the transactions contemplated therein; to the extent the indemnity against such losses, complaints, liabilities or expenses does not result from the gross negligence or willful misconduct of the Indemnitee.

 

TWELVE: JURISDICTION AND APPLICABLE LAW

 

12.1 This Master Agreement is governed by and must be construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York, United States of America.

 

12.2 DEBTORS irrevocably submit to the non-exclusive jurisdiction of the United States Southern District Courts for the District of New York, for any actions, lawsuits or proceedings that may be brought by LENDER in connection with this Master Agreement. The rulings against any of the DEBTORS in any of such actions, lawsuits or proceedings, shall be final, and shall be enforceable in any other jurisdiction.

 

12.3 Nothing of the aforesaid herein shall affect LENDER’s right to bring legal actions or to otherwise sue BORROWER and/or SURETY in any other jurisdiction deemed appropriate by LENDER, including LENDER’S right to initiate court or out-of-court collection proceedings of the Promissory Notes in Argentina or any other applicable jurisdiction.

 

12.4 BORROWER hereby irrevocably establishes its domicile at Corporation Services Company, domiciled at 1345 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10105, USA as its authorized agent for the sole purpose of receiving, in its name and stead, letters and/or notices addressed to BORROWER in any action, lawsuit or proceedings filed by LENDER in the State of New York, and BORROWER shall also inform LENDER of the identity and domicile of any new agent BORROWER may designate for such a purpose.

 

12.5 If, for any reason, its authorized agent to receive notices at 1345 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10105, USA, fails to be present, BORROWER agrees that notices to be served in

 

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any action, lawsuit or proceedings on BORROWER be delivered by US registered mail at BORROWER’s domicile stated in 12.8 of this Section FOURTEEN.

 

12.6 Notices served as stated in Section 12.4 hereof shall be considered personal, validly received, and mandatory for BORROWER.

 

12.7 Each of the DEBTORS irrevocably waive, to the maximum extent permitted by laws, the right to file an objection now or in the future against the jurisdiction of any of the courts mentioned in this Section hearing in any lawsuit, action or proceedings filed by LENDER, and, especially, each of the DEBTORS waive the right to file any defense or to allege lack of jurisdiction, or inconvenient forum regarding the court hearing in such action, lawsuit or proceedings. Each of the DEBTOS also expressly waive it right to challenge without cause the one-judge court or the collegiate court hearing the case. BORROWER and SURETY may only file a defense for full payment evidenced in writing, on a document sent by LENDER directly relating to the Master Agreement being performed or the guaranteed obligation, expressly waiving any other defenses of any kind whatsoever.

 

12.8 Any notices, requests and demands to or upon the respective Par Agreement shall be sent to the domiciles detailed below for each party. Addresses to which notices shall be sent may be modified prior written notice by self-probatory means of the change of address to the other party. Any notices, requests and demands to or upon the respective Parties hereto shall be effective and shall be deemed to have been duly given or made, unless otherwise expressly provided herein, when made if delivered by mail (postage prepaid) or by hand delivery or recognized commercial overnight delivery services and addressed. Addresses to which notices shall be sent may be modified prior written notice by self-probatory means of the change of address to the other party.

 

Any of the aforementioned notices to be made in respect of this Master Agreement shall be sent to the domiciles stated below:

 

BORROWER:

 

1)            Ocampo 210bis, Rosario, República Argentina

 

2)                                      With copy : Linklaters LLP
1345 Avenue of the Americas
New York, NY 10105

 

SURETY:

 

1)            1209 Orange St. Wilmington, New Castle, Delaware 19801

 

2)                                      With copy : Linklaters LLP
1345 Avenue of the Americas
New York, NY 10105

 

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LENDER:

 

1)            De Boelelaan 7, 1083HJ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, with copy to: Luis Bonavita 1294, oficina 2210 - C.P. 11.300-Montevideo — ROU

 

THIRTEEN: SIGNATURES AND RECEIPT OF DOCUMENTS .

 

The parties hereto sign three (3) equal counterparts of the same tenor and to one sole purpose, being one (1) counterpart for LENDER, one (1) counterpart for BORROWER and (1) one counterpart for the SURETY.

 

For purposes of interpretation hereof the Spanish version of this Master Agreement shall prevail over the English version.

 

FOURTEEN: PLACE AND DATE .

 

This Master Agreement is executed by DEBTORS in the City of Buenos Aires, Republic of Argentina, and by LENDER in Montevideo, Uruguay on March 20, 2018,

 

/s/ Federico Trucco

 

By: Bioceres S.A.

 

Name: Federico Trucco

 

Title: Attorney in fact

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Federico Trucco

 

By: RASA Holding LLC

 

Name: Federico Trucco

 

Title: Attorney in fact

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Dolores Beramendi

 

By: BAF Latam Trade Finance Fund B.V.

 

Name: Dolores Beramendi

 

Title: Attorney in fact

 

 

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Annex III

 

Disbursement Request

 

Buenos Aires, [     ].-

 

Sirs.

 

BAF Latam Trade Finance Fund B.V.

 

Dear Sirs:

 

We address you regarding the Credit Facility Agreement to finance working capital to operations of pre-finance export executed by and between you as Lender, [     ]S.A. as BORROWER, [     ] as SURETY dated [     ] (the “ Master Agreement ”): the definitions, terms and conditions of which are applicable to this Disbursement Request. In accordance with the provisions set forth in Section Three of the Master Agreement, we hereby request you a disbursement under the following terms:

 

(i)                                      The requested disbursement amount is USD                   (       United States Dollars).

 

(ii)                                   The Due Date/s for the payment of the Sums Due pursuant to the above mentioned disbursement shall be as follows:

 

Due Date

 

Currency and Amount

     ,20    

 

USD        

 

(iii)                                The Sums Due pursuant to the requested disbursement amount to a total amount of USD           (           United States Dollars), comprising the disbursement amount plus applicable interest accrued until the Due Date/s above established in accordance with the Discount Rate agreed with you hereunder.

 

(iv)                               We attach hereto a Promissory Note issued to your name, payable on demand, in the amount of USD     (         United States Dollars).

 

Date Issued

 

Termination Date

 

Currency and Amount

     ,20    

 

On Demand

 

USD     

 

In case of acceptance of this Disbursement Request, please transfer the funds of the requested disbursement, within the Crediting Term, to Borrower’s Account as indicated in the Master Agreement.

 

To the purposes set forth in this Disbursement Request the Spanish version shall prevail over the English version.

 

Yours sincerely,

 

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Annex IV

 

CREDIT ASSIGNMENT AGREEMENT

 

By and between:

 

BIOCERES S.A ., represented by the signatories herein below, with domicile at Ocampo 210bis, Rosario, Republica Argentina, (hereinafter referred to as the “ BORROWER ”), y

 

RASA HOLDING LLC , represented herein by the signatories herein below, with domicile at 1209 Orange St. Wilmington, New Castle, Delaware 19801, (hereinafter referred to as the “SURETY”), on the one part, and

 

RIZOBACTER ARGENTINA S.A ., represented herein by Mr.                       and                  , in their capacities as                            and                  respectively, domiciled at [     ] Republic of Argentina, party of the first part, hereinafter referred to as the “ ASSIGNOR ”, and

 

BAF LATAM TRADE FINANCE FUND B.V., represented in this act by the signatories indicated herein above, domiciled at De Boelelaan 7, 1083 HJ, Amsterdam, Holanda, hereinafter referred to as the “ LENDER ”).

 

i) On            2018 the BORROWER and the LENDER executed a Credit Facility Agreement to finance working capital to operations of export pre-finance and other corporate ending, a copy of which is attached hereto as Annex A (the “ Master Agreement ”), whose definitions terms and conditions, shall be applicable and are deemed reproduced in this document.

 

ii) As set forth under Section Forth of the Loan Agreement, it is BORROWER’s intention to assign the Assigned Credits in favor of the LENDER, in compliance with its credit assignment commitment under the Master Agreement.

 

By virtue of the aforesaid whereas clauses, this Credit Assignment Agreement (“ Credit Assignment Agreement ”) is executed pursuant to the following terms and conditions:

 

1.  As security for performance of all the obligations of DEBTORS under the Master Agreement and in addition to any other guarantee, the ASSIGNOR assigns to the LENDER all the credit rights arising out of                (“ Assigned Credit/s ”) corresponding to goods expressly required — and the sale of which was expressly agreed between [   ] (“ Assigned Debtor ”) and the ASSIGNOR, which shall be applied as payment of the Sums Due.

 

2.   This assignment also implies the assignment and transfer in favor of the LENDER of all rights and actions to which the ASSIGNOR is entitled, or likely to be entitled, under the bills of lading that evidence the dispatch of the goods included in the Assigned Credits, as well as under the delivery notices and/or invoices to be issued by the ASSIGNOR in the future, as regards the products to be delivered to the Assigned Debtor/s under or resulting from the Assigned Credits. Such assignment or assignments include all rights and actions held by the ASSIGNOR and to which it is entitled in connection with the Assigned Credit/s and the documents related thereto placing the LENDER pad passu in priorities up to the pertinent scope and extent, subrogating

 

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him in all the rights or actions for the performance and/or collection of the contract, etc. likely to exist in the future in connection with such credit, notwithstanding the obligations arising out of the Assigned Credit/s, which shall remain under the exclusive responsibility of the ASSIGNOR.

 

3.   The ASSIGNOR undertakes to deliver to the LENDER, within 5 (five) days from dispatch thereof, the bills of lading related to the goods included in the Assigned Credits. Likewise, it undertakes to deliver to the LENDER, within 5 (five) days after receipt thereof by the Assigned Debtor, the delivery notices and invoices to be issued by it as a consequence of the Assigned Credits.

 

4.   The ASSIGNOR guarantees that all the amounts corresponding to the Assigned Credits shall be deposited by the Assigned Debtor in the LENDER’s Account. For such purpose, the ASSIGNOR undertakes to include in all and each of the invoices issued under the Assigned Credits to be sent to the Assigned Debtor, a legend expressly stating that such invoices shall be paid to the LENDER through a transfer of the pertinent funds to the LENDER’s Account. In each of the assigned invoices the ASSIGNOR undertakes to include the following legend:

 

“The credit represented and included in this invoice was assigned to        through the Assignment Agreement dated   /  /2018 You should pay the same on the due date through a deposit in Bank        , ABA               ,Beneficiary:                ,
Account No.                .

 

5.   In the event of default of the ASSIGNOR in the compliance of the obligations hereunder, and notwithstanding the legal actions that the LENDER may initiate against the DEBTORS and ASSIGNOR for the collection of the amounts due hereunder, the funds of the Assigned Credits deposited in the Lender’s Account shall be applied to the payment of the Sums Due plus applicable interest and expenses. All funds of the Assigned Credits deposited in the LENDER’s Account after the full payment of the Sums DUE and/or exceeding the amount of the Sums Due(plus the interest and expenses that may be applicable upon the BORROWER’S), shall be reimbursed to the ASSIGNOR through the transfer of those funds to the Borrower’s Account.

 

6.   This assignment is made under the DEBTORS AND ASSIGNOR’s liability to the LENDER . Therefore, if for any reason whatsoever the amount of the Assigned Credits is not paid to the LENDER as per the terms herein stated to comply with the payment of the Sums Due, the DEBTORS shall pay to the LENDER the total amount or the balance owed until completion of the aggregate amount of the Sums Due- plus applicable interest- under penalty of incurring in automatic Default.

 

7.   The ASSIGNOR agrees to duly notify this assignment to the Assigned Debtor within 48 hours from execution date hereof, and therefore the ASSIGNOR shall notify the Assigned Debtor, with the participation of a Notary Public, that the Assigned Credits have been assigned to LENDER and that the deposit of any corresponding sums regarding such Assigned Credits shall be made in the LENDER’s Bank Account by releasing a notice substantially identical to the form attached hereto as ANNEX B . Likewise, and notwithstanding the perfection of the assignment in the way mentioned above, the ASSIGNOR assumes the obligation of obtaining the express approval from the Assigned Debtor with regard to the present assignments, the Assigned Debtor shall through its legal representative or attorney in fact, sign such notification

 

24


 

acknowledging its consent to the same. The BORROWER shall deliver such notification to the LENDER, with the Assigned Debtor acceptance as set forth herein.

 

8.   This Credit Assignment Agreement does not imply in any manner whatsoever the transfer by the ASSIGNOR to the LENDER of the obligations of the Assigned Credit/s, which shall remain under the ASSIGNOR’s responsibility. The ASSIGNOR irrevocably undertakes to comply with any and all of its obligations it undertook under the contracts which give rise to the Assigned Credit/s so that the LENDER’S right to collect the Assigned Credit/s shall not be affected. Non-compliance in due time and manner of the obligations mentioned above shall automatically give place by operation of law to the ASSIGNOR’S AND DEBTORS’S default. Default by operation of the law shall occur all the same with the consequences already mentioned in the event that, irrespective of the DEBTORS’s default, the Assigned Debtor’s rescinds or terminates the agreements for the sale of goods associated with the Assigned Credit’s, or ceases or ends its business relationship with the ASSIGNOR, whether unilaterally or as agreed between the ASSIGNOR and the Assigned Debtorts.

 

9.   The ASSIGNOR and DEBTORS represent and warrant the following to the LENDER:

 

(a) the collection of the Assigned Credits, in Dollars and through the transfer thereof to the LENDER’s Account;

 

(b) the instrumental form of the Assigned Credits;

 

(c) the legitimacy of the Assigned Credits and that the Assigned Credit/s may be freely disposed of by it, and that they are not subject to any attachment, assignment prohibition, or any lien whatsoever as of the date hereof;

 

(d) that they are not subject to restraining orders preventing it from disposing of its property;

 

(e) that it does not owe any sum of money which may give place to set offs or discharges of debts of any kind whatsoever over the Assigned Credits;

 

(f) that it has not received any sum resulting from the Assigned Credits and that the same have not been assigned, either partially or totally, to any natural or legal person before;

 

(g) the authenticity of the signatures of any document evidencing the cause for the Assigned Credits;

 

(h) that it shall comply with any and all of its obligations deriving from the Assigned Credits, including, but not limited to, delivery in due time and manner to the Assigned Debtor of the goods stated in the Assigned Credits.

 

(k) that at the execution hereof the Assigned Debtor is not in cease of payment, reorganization or bankruptcy and is it is involved in any of such situations, the ASSIGNOR undertakes to replace for other Assigned Debtor, in order to maintain the guarantee.

 

25


 

(m) that the Assigned Credit/s constitute lawful business transactions resulting from requirements of goods made by the Assigned Debtor as per the amounts, quality and quantity detailed in the Assigned Credits

 

(n) that the Assigned Credit/s are payable in US Dollars, excluding any other currency.

 

(o) that there are not and there will be not any type of restriction set forth by the Assigned Debtor and/or any other third party that avoids the assignment of the Assigned Credits and/or that in any manner whatsoever limits the ASSIGNOR and DEBTOR’ s faculties to subscribe this agreement and/or affects the right of the LENDER to collect the Assigned Credits in the manner agreed hereof.

 

(p) that the payment date of the Assigned Credits shall be prior or equal to the last Due Date of the Disbursement Request.

 

10.   If before the cancellation of the Assigned Credits, due to any reason whatsoever, the Assigned Debtor pays to the ASSIGNOR in the ASSIGNOR’s Account any amount derived from the Assigned Credits, the ASSIGNOR undertakes to transfer those funds to the LENDER’s Account immediately within the next 48 business hours and if applicable the amount necessary to pay the amount due plus the compensatory interests accrued from the due date until the date of effective payment.

 

11.   The Loan Agreement shall apply to all the aspects that were not expressly regulated herein. In particular the following Sections of the Master Agreement shall apply: Eight (Default), Seven (Representations, Warranties and Covenants of the BORROWER), Ten (Effectiveness and Indemnity), Eleven (Expenses), Twelve (Assignment), and Thirteen (Jurisdiction and Applicable Law).

 

12.   BORROWER’s default on any of the obligations assumed under this Credit Assignment Agreement shall cause the Default in the terms of the Section EIGHT of the Master Agreement. Likewise, the Default of the BORROWER under the Master Agreement shall cause the Default hereunder.

 

For purposes of this agreement the Spanish version shall prevail over the English version.

 

The parties hereto sign 2 (two) equal counterparts of the same tenor and for one sole purpose, one counterpart for the BORROWER and one counterpart for the LENDER.

 

Signed by the DEBTORS and ASSIGNOR in [     ] Republic of Argentina, and by the LENDER in the City of Montevideo, Uruguay on           2018.

 

26


Exhibit 2. 8

 

FIRST AMENDMENT TO EXPORT PREFINANCING CREDIT FACILITY AGREEMENT

 

By and between:

 

BIOCERES S.A., represented by the signatories herein below, with domicile at Ocampo 210bis, Rosario, República Argentina, (hereinafter referred to as the “ BORROWER ”), y

 

RASA HOLDING LLC, represented herein by the signatories herein below, with domicile at 1209 Orange St. Wilmington, New Castle, Delaware 19801, (hereinafter referred to as the “ SURETY ”) on the one part, and

 

BAF Latam Trade Finance Fund B.V., represented herein by the signatories indicated hereinbelow, domiciled at De Boelelaan 7, 1083HJ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, (hereinafter referred to as the “LENDER”).

 

The BORROWER and SURETY are jointly referred to as “ DEBTORS ”.

 

The BORROWER, the SURETY and the LENDER are jointly referred to as the “ Parties ”.

 

RECITALS:

 

I.                      On March 21st 2018, the Parties executed a Credit Facility Agreement (the “ Master Agreement ”) whose definitions, terms and conditions shall remain in force and effect and are applicable hereto and deemed reproduced herein to the extent that they are not expressly modified by this First Amendment;

 

II.                 The DEBTORS acknowledge and represent that the Credit Facility Due amounts to United States Dollars FIVE MILLION TWO HUNDRED THOUSAND with 00/00 (USD 5,200,000.00) without prejudice to the applicable interests until the date of full payment according to the provision of the Master Agreement;

 

III.     In view of the needs of obtaining financing, the BORROWER requests the LENDER an increase in the amount of the Credit Facility in order to achieve the amount of United States Dollars SIX MILLION FIVE HUNDRED THOUSAND with 00/100 (US$ 6,500,000.00).

 

IV.             The BORROWER requested to the LENDER an extension of the Availability Term of the Master Agreement.

 

V.                  In view of the request of the BORROWER, the LENDER is willing to grant the BORROWER’s requirements detailed in whereas III. and IV. above, as long as: 1) the applicable Interest Rate over the increase of the amount of the Credit Facility shall be increased and 2) the Guaranties granted in connection with the Master Agreement which shall remain fully in effect and enforceable.

 


 

By virtue of the aforesaid whereas clauses, the Parties agree to execute this first amendment to the Master Agreement (the “ First Amendment ”) pursuant to the terms and conditions included in the following clauses:

 

ONE:      AMENDMENTS TO THE MASTER AGREEMENT

 

1.1. The Whereas Clause (f)  of the Master Agreement shall be modified as follow:

 

(f) Whereas LENDER is willing to grant a credit facility of up to USD 6,500,000.00 (United States Dollars SIX MILLION FIVE HUNDRED THOUSAND with 00/100) to BORROWER, subject to the terms and conditions of this Master Agreement, to the extent and provided that (i) BORROWER and SURETY become jointly and severally bound to repay the same and to comply with all the obligations undertaken under the Master Agreement. (ii) the guarantees (as defined hereinbelow) are maintained in full force and effect and are enforceable until termination of the Master Agreement and payment of all the sums due by BORROWER under the Master Agreement, and (iii) the Parties agree on the applicable interest rate under each Disbursement Request

 

1.1                                Modify hereby the definition of “Availability Term”, “Credit Facility” and “Interest Rate” under Section ONE of the Master Agreement, which remain as follow:

 

Credit Faculty ” means this hot revolving credit facility which, subject to the terms and conditions of the Transaction Documents, LENDER shall grant to BORROWER, up to a total amount of USD 6,500,000.00 (United States Dollars SIX MILLION FIVE HUNDRED THOUSAND with 00/100) as the net maximum amount to be disbursed by LENDER.

 

Availability Term ” is the term fixed exclusively to the benefit of LENDER, as from the date of execution of the Master Agreement until AUGUST 31st 2018 , during which LENDER undertakes to make the Credit Facility available to BORROWER.

 

Interest Rate ” means the interest rate applicable to each Disbursement Request that shall be consider to calculate the amount of the Sums Due.

 

TWO:     GENERAL TERMS

 

2.1                                The validity and effectiveness of this amendment will be subject to the constitution and perfection of all the Guaranties granted under the Master Agreement.

 

2.2                                This amendment does not imply or may be construed in any manner as a novation of the obligations assumed by the Parties under the Master Agreement.

 

2.3                                With the exception of those terms expressly modified by this First Amendment, all the rest of the terms, definitions, conditions and clauses of the Master Agreement shall remain unchanged and shall continue to be in full force and effect.

 

To the purposes set forth in this First Amendment, the Spanish version shall prevail over the English version.

 

2


 

FOURTEEN: PLACE AND DATE.

 

This Master Agreement is executed by DEBTORS in the City of Buenos Aires, Republic of Argentina, and by LENDER in Montevideo, Uruguay on August 28th 2018.

 

/s/ Federico Trucco

 

By: Bioceres S.A.

 

Name: Federico Trucco

 

Title: Attorney in fact

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Federico Trucco

 

By: RASA Holding LLC

 

Name: Federico Trucco

 

Title: Attorney in fact

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Dolores Beramendi

 

By: BAF Latam Trade Finance Fund B.V.

 

Name: Dolores Beramendi

 

Title: Attorney in fact

 

 

3


Exhibit 2. 9

 

Intercompany Loan Agreement

 

In the City of Rosario, Province of Santa Fe, Argentine Republic, on the 14th day of the month of March 2019 (the “Effective Date”), on the one hand: BIOCERES SA , with address at Ocampo 210 bis, Property CCT, Indear Building, Rosario, (hereinafter “BIOCERES”) and on the other: BIOCERES CROP SOLUTIONS CORP. with domicile in Maples Corporate Services Limited, PO Box 309, Ugland House, Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands , (henceforth the “Borrower”) and jointly “The Parties”.

 

The Parties agree to enter into this mutual contract (the “Contract”), subject to the terms and conditions set out below:

 

FIRST: OBJECT .  BIOCERES grants the Borrower, and the Borrower accepts, a loan in the amount of US Dollars Twenty-Two Million Five Hundred Thousand (US$22,500,000) henceforth “ Loan ”, on the terms and conditions of the two (2) loans in the respective amounts of US Dollars six million five hundred thousand (US $6,500,000) and US Dollars sixteen million (US$16,000,000), granted respectively by: (I) BAF Latam Trade Finance Fund BV under the Pre-Export Financing Line of Credit Contract dated March 21, 2018 and amended by first amendment dated August 28, 2018, (the “Trade Loan”);  and (II) BAF Latam Credit Fund BV under the Credit Agreement dated September 12, 2018 and amended by first amendment dated October 16, 2018, second amendment dated January 30, 2019, third amendment dated February 20, 2019 and fourth amendment dated March 8, 2019, (henceforth, the Credit Loan and together with the Trade Loan, the “BAF Loans”); each attached as Annex A and incorporated by reference to this Contract.

 

SECOND.  TERM.   The term for the cancellation of the Loan plus the compensatory interest shall be the date of reimbursement established in each disbursement request submitted in accordance with the BAF Loans attached in Annex B (the “Expiration Dates”).

 

THIRD: COMPENSATORY INTEREST.   The Loan shall have a compensatory nominal annual interest rate of 9.875% that shall be paid by the Borrower together with the relevant principal of the Loan on the Maturity Dates.

 


 

FOURTH.  DEFAULT AND DEFAULT INTEREST .  If and when a default arises due to breach of any of the obligations borne by the Borrower, BIOCERES will apply to any outstanding amount, a default interest rate equal to FIFTY percent (50%) of the interest rate stipulated in clause three, in addition to the agreed compensatory interest until such amount owed is paid.  Both the compensatory and default interest rates will be capitalized on a monthly basis upon the default of the Borrower, and until the total repayment or discharge of the debt.

 

FIFTH . PLACE OF PAYMENT .  The payments for which the Borrower is obligated under this Contract, shall be made by transfer to the current account in US Dollars of BIOCERES No.        in BANCO SANTANDER RIO, Branch 112. BIOCERES may designate a new account payment, and such change shall be notified the Borrower no less than twenty (20) business days before the Expiration Date.

 

SIXTH.  TAXES AND EXPENSES .  All expenses, taxes or fees incurred by the delivery, execution, notification, registration and cancellation of this Contract, and any ancillary documents and guarantees related hereto, shall be the exclusive charge of the Borrower.  The Borrower shall pay its obligations to BIOCERES free of any expense, tax or rate, withholding, deduction and / or compensation of any kind that may be applicable, in such a way that BIOCERES receives each and every one of the corresponding amounts net of taxes and any other deductions, except for income tax on the interest borne by BIOCERES.

 

SEVENTH. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES . The Borrower declares and guarantees to BIOCERES: 1. that the Borrower is a legal entity constituted and with a valid existence in accordance with the legislation in force in the Cayman Islands;   2. that the execution and performance of this Contract have been duly authorized through the adoption of the necessary decisions;   3. that this Contract constitutes a legal and valid obligation of the Borrower, and that its performance is judicially enforceable;   4. that it expressly and irrevocably waives any immunity, even of jurisdiction, that may correspond to it by virtue of any legal provision, as well as of any execution immunity, in relation to all or part of its assets and / or income.

 

EIGHTH.  OBLIGATIONS OF THE BORROWER .  The Borrower expressly and irrevocably assumes the following obligations: 1. For the purposes of its monitoring and / or inspection, the

 


 

Borrower shall ensure that accounting records and all documentation related to this Contract shall always be available to BIOCERES.  Likewise, it is expressly agreed that while the Loan is in force without having been fully canceled: (i) the Borrower undertakes to perform whatever acts are necessary in order to provide BIOCERES, insofar as it so requests, with all the reasonable information that is required with respect to the application of the Loan;  (ii) the Borrower undertakes to allow BIOCERES access to its facilities, so that periodic checks may be carried out to monitor the level of indebtedness of the Borrower, with costs borne by BIOCERES, and BIOCERES must inform of the visit one week in advance;   2. to inform BIOCERES of any event that could compromise the possibility of compliance with their financial obligations to third parties in accordance with their terms;   3. that the Borrower expressly and irrevocably agrees to maintain the validity of the foregoing representations during the entire term of this Contract.

 

NINTH .  If the Borrower fails to pay on the Expiration Dates the principal of the Loan or the interest or if it fails to comply with any of the obligations to provide, act or refrain from acting under this Contract, or if it fails to comply with any of its obligations under the Loan, it will be in default.

 

TENTH.  CAUSES OF EXPIRATION OF DEADLINES .  Notwithstanding the provisions of the foregoing clauses, the Borrower shall be in default, with the consequences provided in clause NINTH, in the following cases: 1. falsehood, incorrectness, incorrectness, reluctance or partiality of the information provided by the Borrower in the context of the Loan or in those that it will subsequently supply at the request of BIOCERES, or of other parties to the executed documentation in relation thereto, and / or in any of the representation and warranties granted in this Contract.   2. breach by the Borrower of the obligations contracted with third parties that affects or could affect the possibility of fulfilling the obligations set forth in this contract.   3. evidence of any cessation of payments, insolvency or severe and persistent illiquidity of the Borrower.   4. precautionary measures on any property of material importance that affects the assets of the Borrower, provided that said measures are not left without effect at the first available procedural opportunity, or that the Borrower does not justify, to the satisfaction of BIOCERES, the failure to remove them and as long as this may affect the possibility of the Borrower to comply with the obligations set forth in this Contract.   5. If the Borrower transfers, or transfers, or performs any act of disposition of any of the rights and obligations imposed by this Contract.   6. breach by the Borrower of any of the obligations stipulated in Clause Ten of this Contract.

 


 

ELEVENTH.  EARLY TERMINATION .  The Borrower may cancel the Loan in full or in part at any time, in accordance with the terms of the BAF Loans.

 

TWELFTH.  COMPENSATION .  In an event of default by the Borrower that is continuing, the Borrower authorizes BIOCERES to proceed, at any time and in a timely manner, and to the extent permitted by law, to partially or fully offset the Borrower’s debt derived from the Loan with: (i) debts of BIOCERES in favor of the Borrower;  (ii) amounts of foreign currency or legal tender and securities of the Argentine Republic and / or other securities received by the Borrower for any reason.  The compensation will be made in United States Dollars.  BIOCERES agrees to promptly notify the Borrower once the compensation has been made;  it being clear that the lack of such notification will not affect the validity of that compensation.  The rights conferred to BIOCERES in accordance with this clause are in addition to the other rights, resources and actions (including without limitation, other rights of compensation that BIOCERES may have).

 

THIRTEENTH.  APPLICATION OF PAYMENTS.   The payments made by the Borrower or the funds otherwise received by BIOCERES in payment shall be applied in the following order, even in the event that no reservation was made in the corresponding receipts of the amounts received by BIOCERES: (i) taxes;  (ii) expenses;  (iii) punitive interests;  (iv) compensatory interest and (vii) if there is a remaining balance, the cancellation of capital.

 

FOURTEENTH.  ASSIGNMENT.   It is expressly agreed that this Contract may not be assigned by the Parties, absent express written consent of the Parties.

 

FIFTEENTH. NOTIFICATIONS .  For all legal, judicial or extrajudicial purposes that may result from this Contract, the Parties refer to the above-mentioned addresses to which all notifications and / or requirements will be considered valid, as long as the responsible party is not irrefutably notified of the change of any of such addresses.  All notifications under this Contract must be made through reliable communication.

 

SIXTEENTH.  JURISDICTION.  APPLICABLE LAW.   The Contract shall be governed by the laws of the Argentine Republic, subjecting the Parties to the jurisdiction of the Civil and Commercial

 


 

Courts of the Judicial Department of Rosario, Province of Santa Fe, Argentine Republic, with waiver and exclusion of any other jurisdiction or jurisdiction that could correspond thereto.

 

SEVENTEENTH.  MODIFICATIONS .  No modification, waiver of the provisions of the Contract or of any instrument issued thereunder, or consent to the Borrower’s deviation from the provisions of any of these, shall have value in any case, unless in writing signed by BIOCERES.

 

EIGHTEENTH.  ABSENCE OF WAIVER .  The failure or delay of BIOCERES in the exercise of its rights, faculties or privileges, shall not be considered a waiver thereof, nor shall its partial exercise prevent it from being subsequently completed, nor shall it prejudice the exercise of any other right or privilege.

 

SEVENTEENTH.  HEADINGS .  The headings used in the Contract are inserted only for convenience as a reference and shall not affect the interpretation of the clause to which they are entitled.

 

ON THE PRECEDING TERMS, the parties hereby enter into this contract of mutual agreement in accordance with law and in two counterparts:

 

(signature page follows)

 


 

By BIOCERES SA

 

 

 

/s/ Federico Trucco

 

 

 

 

 

Name: Federico Trucco

 

Character: Representative

 

 

 

 

 

By BIOCERES CROP SOLUTIONS CORP. as the Borrower

 

 

 

/s/ Federico Trucco

 

Name: Federico Trucco

 

Character: Representative

 

 


 

ANNEX A

 

BAF Loans

 

Filed as Exhibits 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6 and 2.7 to Bioceres Crop Solutions Corp.’s Form 20-F filed with the SEC on March 14, 2019

 

 


 

ANNEX B

 

Disbursement Requests

 

8


Exhibit 4.3

 

BIOCERES CROP SOLUTIONS CORP.

 

SHAREHOLDERS’ AGREEMENT

 

THIS SHAREHOLDERS’ AGREEMENT (this “ Agreement ”) is made as of March 14, 2019, by and among Bioceres Crop Solutions Corp., a Cayman Islands exempted company (the “ Company ”), Bioceres LLC (“ Bioceres ”) and the shareholders set forth on Schedule A attached hereto (collectively, the “ Shareholder s ”). The number of the Company’s ordinary shares (the “ Ordinary Shares ”) held by each Shareholder as of February 21, 2019 is set forth on Schedule A hereto.

 

AGREEMENT

 

WHEREAS, as of the Closing Date of the Business Combination, the Shareholders collectively own the Initial Share Ownership Amount (as defined below);

 

WHEREAS, parties hereto wish to enter into this Agreement for the purposes of regulating the business, affairs and management of the Company as from the date hereof;

 

NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual promises set forth herein and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which is hereby expressly acknowledged, the parties hereto agree as follows:

 

1.                                            Certain Definitions .

 

In this Agreement:

 

Affiliate shall mean with respect to any person, a person that directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, such person, and, in the case of an individual, includes any relative or spouse of such person. The term “ control ” means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a person, whether through the ownership of voting securities by contract or otherwise. The term “ person ” means an individual, a partnership, a corporation, an association, a joint stock company, a trust, a joint venture, a limited liability company, an unincorporated organization or a governmental entity or any department, agency or political subdivision thereof.

 

Articles ” shall mean the Company’s amended and restated memorandum and articles of association.

 

Business Combination ” shall mean the transactions contemplated by the Exchange Agreement.

 

Closing Date ” shall mean the closing date of the Business Combination under the Exchange Agreement.

 

Exchange Agreement ” shall mean the share exchange agreement, dated as of November 8, 2018, as may be amended from time to time, by and among the Company, Joseph J. Schena, solely in his capacity as representative of the holders of the Company’s ordinary shares, and Bioceres, Inc.

 

Initial Share Ownership Amount ” shall mean 2,012,500 Ordinary Shares.

 

2.        Representation on the Board .

 

(a)        For so long as the Shareholders collectively continue to beneficially own , directly or indirectly, (i) at least fifty percent (50%) of the Initial Share Ownership Amount, the Shareholders shall be entitled to nominate two (2) Directors (with each such Director referred to as a “ UAC Director ” and collectively, as the “ UAC Directors ”) to the Board of Directors of the Company (the “ Board ”) at every annual meeting of the Company, and (ii) at least twenty-five percent (25%) of the Initial Share Ownership Amount (the “ Minimum

 


 

Shares ”), the Shareholders shall be entitled to nominate one (1) UAC Director to the Board at every annual meeting of the Company.  Bioceres hereby agrees to vote in favor of the appointment of such UAC Directors.

 

(b)                                  On the Closing Date, Bioceres shall cause two UAC Directors that are identified and designated by the Shareholders to be appointed to the Board. If, as a result of death, disability, retirement, resignation, removal or otherwise, any UAC Director is unable to serve on the Board, the Shareholders shall be entitled to designate a replacement UAC Director to serve on the Board. In such event, Bioceres and the Company shall take any and all necessary actions to ensure the election or appointment, as applicable, of such designated UAC Director to the Board.

 

( c)                                   As of immediately following the Closing Date, after giving effect to the appointment of the two UAC Directors, the Board will be comprised of seven (7) members.

 

( d)                                  The UAC Directors shall be entitled to the same rights, capacities, entitlements, compensation (if she or he serves as an independent director), indemnification and insurance in connection with his or her role as a director as other members of the Board, and shall be entitled to reimbursement for all reasonable documented, out-of-pocket expenses incurred in attending meetings of the Board or any committees thereof, to the same extent as other members of the Board. The Company shall, upon the appointment of the UAC Directors and resignation of one UAC Director, enter into an indemnification agreement with the remaining UAC Directors in the same form as applicable to other members of the Board with such UAC Directors.

 

( e)                                   In addition, each UAC Director shall be entitled to coverage under the Company’s directors’ and officers’ liability insurance with the same coverage as, and containing terms and conditions no less favorable than, those available to the other members of the Board; which coverage shall be effective upon his or her appointment to the Board and, for the avoidance of doubt, which shall continue in accordance with its terms notwithstanding the termination of this Agreement.

 

(f)                                    The UAC Directors shall be entitled to serve on the audit committee of the Board; provided, however, that notwithstanding the foregoing, a UAC Director shall not be entitled to serve on the audit committee of the Board if, as determined in good faith by a majority of the Board (based upon the advice of outside legal counsel), such service on the audit committee would violate any applicable laws or applicable listing rules.

 

( g)                                   The Company and the Board shall ensure, to the extent lawful, at all times that the Articles and corporate governance policies and guidelines of the Company are not at any time inconsistent with this Section 2 .

 

( h)                                  The Shareholders acknowledge and agree that all Directors (including any UAC Directors) shall be subject to the Company’s code of business conduct and ethics.

 

3 .        Removal of UAC Directors . Bioceres and each Shareholder also agree to vote, or cause to be voted, all Ordinary Shares owned by them, or over which they have voting control, from time to time and at all times, in whatever manner as shall be necessary to ensure that no UAC Director appointed pursuant to Sections 2 (a)  of this Agreement may be removed from office unless such removal is for cause and approved pursuant to Section 5(c)  of the Articles.

 

4 .        Corp orate Opportunities . The parties hereto agree that the Shareholders and their Affiliates (other than the Company and its subsidiaries) shall be able to engage in a competitive business and renounce certain corporate opportunities offered to such Shareholders or their Affiliates (other than the Company and its subsidiaries), so long as such corporate opportunities are not expressly offered to such Shareholders in their capacities as a UAC Directors; provided , however , that to the extent that a Shareholder acquires knowledge of a potential transaction or matter that may be a corporate opportunity for the Company, as a result of acting in his or her capacity as a UAC Director, then such Shareholder shall present such opportunity to the Company and may not pursue such opportunity for itself, or direct such opportunity to another person, unless the Company has declined to pursue such opportunity; provided further , that the Company acknowledges and agrees that Mr. Juan Sartori is currently engaged in other agricultural businesses in Latin America and that nothing in this Section 4 shall prevent Mr. Sartori from conducting his business affairs in the ordinary course from the date of this Agreement, including,

 


 

but not limited to, considering and pursuing future corporate opportunities, so long as such opportunities are not presented to him explicitly in his capacity as a UAC Director.

 

5 .        General Covenants of the Company . The Company agrees to use its best efforts, within the requirements of applicable law, to ensure that the rights granted under this Agreement are effective and that the parties enjoy the benefits of this Agreement. Such actions include, without limitation, the use of the Company’s best efforts to cause the nomination and appointment of the UAC Directors as provided in this Agreement.

 

6 .        Additional Shares. In the event that subsequent to the date of this Agreement any shares or other securities are issued on, or in exchange for, any of the Ordinary Shares by reason of any stock dividend, stock split, consolidation of shares, reclassification or consolidation involving the Company, such shares or securities shall be deemed to be Ordinary Shares for purposes of this Agreement.

 

7 .        Termination . This Agreement shall terminate on the date the number of Ordinary Shares beneficially owned by the Shareholders is less than the number of Minimum Shares.

 

8.    Confidentiality . The UAC Directors shall be required to preserve the confidentiality of, and not disclose, any non-public information of the Company or any of its subsidiaries, including discussions or matters considered in meetings of the Board or any committees thereof, to any third party.

 

9.        Miscellaneous .

 

(a)                                  Notices . All notices, requests, demands, consents, instructions or other communications required or permitted hereunder shall be in writing and faxed, e-mailed, mailed, or delivered to each party as follows: (x) if to a Shareholder, at such Shareholder’s address, facsimile number or e-mail address set forth in the Company’s records, or at such other address, facsimile number or e-mail address as such Shareholder shall have furnished the Company in writing, or (y) if to the Company, at the address set forth on the signature pages hereto, or at such other address or facsimile number as the Company shall have furnished to the Shareholders in writing. All such notices and communications will be deemed effectively given the earlier of (i) when received, (ii) when delivered personally, (iii) one business day after being delivered by facsimile or e-mail (with receipt of appropriate confirmation), (iv) one business day after being deposited with an overnight courier service of recognized standing or (v) five days after being deposited in the mail, first class with postage prepaid. With respect to any notice given by the Company under any provision of any applicable laws or the Company’s Articles, each Shareholder agrees that such notice may be given by facsimile or by electronic mail.

 

( b)                                  Successors and Assigns . The provisions of this Agreement shall inure to the benefit of, and be binding upon, the successors, assigns, heirs, executors and administrators of the parties hereto.

 

( c)                                   Governing Law . This Agreement shall be governed in all respects by the internal laws of the State of New York.

 

( d)                                  Titles and Subtitles . The titles and subtitles used in this Agreement are used for convenience only and are not to be considered in construing or interpreting this Agreement. All references in this Agreement to sections, paragraphs and exhibits shall, unless otherwise provided, refer to sections and paragraphs hereof and exhibits attached hereto.

 

(e)                                   Further Assurances . Each party hereto agrees to execute and deliver, by the proper exercise of its corporate, limited liability company, partnership or other powers, all such other and additional instruments and documents and so all such other acts and things as may be necessary to more fully effectuate this Agreement.

 

(f)                                    Entire Agreement . This Agreement constitutes the full and entire understanding and agreement among the parties with regard to the subjects hereof. No party hereto shall be liable or bound to any other party in any manner with regard to the subjects hereof or thereof by any warranties, representations or covenants except as specifically set forth herein.

 


 

(g)                                   Amendment . Neither this Agreement nor any term hereof may be amended, waived, discharged or terminated other than by a written instrument referencing this Agreement and signed by (i) the Company, (ii) Bioceres and (iii) the Shareholders holding at least the majority of Ordinary Shares held by the Shareholders.

 

Notwithstanding the above, any amendment to this Agreement that adversely alters, changes or affects the rights, preferences or privileges of any Shareholder shall require the written consent of such Shareholder.

 

( h)                                  No Waiver . The failure or delay by a party to enforce any provision of this Agreement will not in any way be construed as a waiver of any such provision or prevent that party from thereafter enforcing any other provision of this Agreement. The rights granted parties hereunder are cumulative and will not constitute a waiver of any party’s right to assert any other legal remedy available to it.

 

(i)                                      Severability . If any provision of this Agreement becomes or is declared by a court of competent jurisdiction to be illegal, unenforceable or void, portions of such provision, or such provision in its entirety, to the extent necessary, shall be severed from this Agreement, and such court will replace such illegal, void or unenforceable provision of this Agreement with a valid and enforceable provision that will achieve, to the extent possible, the same economic, business and other purposes of the illegal, void or unenforceable provision. The balance of this Agreement shall be enforceable in accordance with its terms.

 

(j)                                  Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, each of which will be deemed an original, but all of which together will constitute one and the same agreement. Facsimile copies of signed signature pages will be deemed binding originals.

 

[ Remainder of Page Intentionally Blank ]

 


 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Agreement on the day, month and year first set forth above.

 

 

Bioceres Crop Solutions Co rp.

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Federico Trucco

 

 

Name: Federico Trucco

 

 

Title: Chief Executive Officer

 

 

 

 

Address:

 

 

Bioceres LLC

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Federico Trucco

 

 

Name: Federico Trucco

 

 

Title: Chief Executive Officer

 

 

 

Address:

 


 

 

Shareholders:

 

 

 

Kyle P. Bransfield

 

 

 

/s/ Kyle P. Bransfield

 

Signature

 

 

 

Address:

 

 

 

444 Madison Avenue, Floor 34

 

 

 

New York, New York 10022

 


 

 

William B. Buchanan, Jr.

 

 

 

/s/ William B. Buchanan Jr.

 

Signature

 

 

 

Address:

 

 

 

8 Smith Ridge Lane

 

 

 

New Canaan, Connecticut 06840

 


 

 

Daniel W. Fink

 

 

 

/s/ Daniel W. Fink

 

Signature

 

 

 

Address:

 

 

 

1733 Majestic Drive, Suite 103

 

 

 

Lafayette, Colorado 80026

 


 

 

Michael Fontaine

 

 

 

/s/ Michael Fontaine

 

Signature

 

 

 

Address:

 

 

 

123 Washington Street, 42G

 

 

 

New York, New York 10006

 


 

 

Gerald W. Haddock

 

 

 

/s/ Gerald W. Haddock

 

Signature

 

 

 

Address:

 

 

 

500 Main Street, Suite 1015

 

 

 

Fort Worth, Texas 76102

 


 

 

Scott A. Katzmann

 

 

 

/s/ Scott A. Katzmann

 

Signature

 

 

 

Address:

 

 

 

553 Westgate Boulevard

 

 

 

Plandome, New York 11030

 


 

 

Ladenburg Thalmann & Co. Inc.

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Steven Kaplan

 

 

Name: Steven Kaplan

 

 

Title: Head of Capital Markets

 

 

 

 

Address:

 

 

 

277 Park Ave, 26 th  floor

 

 

 

New York, NY 10172

 


 

 

 

 

 

Joseph Anthony LaSala

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Joseph Anthony LaSala

 

Signature

 

 

 

 

 

Address:

 

 

 

2012 Byrne Hall

 

 

 

Hanover, New Hampshire 03755

 


 

 

 

 

 

Harris Lydon

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Harris Lydon

 

Signature

 

 

 

 

 

Address:

 

 

 

17 White Street, 2B

 

 

 

New York, New York 10013

 


 

 

 

 

 

Jim Manley

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Jim Manley

 

Signature

 

 

 

 

 

Address:

 

 

 

444 Madison Avenue, Floor 34

 

 

 

New York, NY 10022

 


 

 

 

 

 

PENSCO Trust Company

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Kyle P. Bransfield

 

 

Name: Kyle P. Bransfield

 

 

Title: Authorized Signatory

 

 

 

 

 

Address:

 

 

 

444 Madison Avenue, Floor 34

 

 

 

New York, New York 10022

 


 

 

 

 

 

Graham A. Powis

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Graham A Powis

 

Signature

 

 

 

 

 

Address:

 

 

 

10 Francine Drive

 

 

 

Greenwich, Connecticut 06830

 


 

 

 

 

 

Joseph J. Schena

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Joseph J. Schena

 

Signature

 

 

 

Address:

 

 

 

545 Sanctuary Drive, B505

 

 

 

Longboat Key, Florida 34228

 


 

 

 

 

 

Patrick A. Sturgeon

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Patrick A. Sturgeon

 

Signature

 

 

 

Address:

 

 

 

509 Madison Avenue, 9th Floor

 

 

 

New York, New York 10022

 


 

 

Union Group International Holdings Limited

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Juan Sartori

 

 

Name: Juan Sartori

 

 

Title: Chairman

 

 

 

Address:

 

 

 

Plaza Independencia 737

 

 

 

Montevideo, Uruguay

 


 

 

Union Acquisition Associates LLC

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Kyle. P. Bransfield

 

 

Name: Kyle P. Bransfield

 

 

Title: Member

 

 

 

Address:

 

 

 

444 Madison Avenue, Floor 34

 

 

 

New York, New York 10022

 


 

Schedule A

 

Number of Ordinary Shares Held by Each Shareholder

 

KYLE P BRANSFIELD

 

13,101

 

WILLIAM B BUCHANAN JR

 

26,760

 

DANIEL W FINK

 

25,000

 

MICHAEL FONTAINE

 

1,965

 

GERALD W HADDOCK

 

25,000

 

SCOTT A KATZMANN

 

26,758

 

LADENBURG THALMANN & CO INC

 

100,222

 

JOSEPH ANTHONY LASALA

 

3,930

 

HARRIS LYDON

 

26,758

 

JIM MANLEY

 

248,918

 

PENSCO TRUST COMPANY

 

75,000

 

GRAHAM A POWIS

 

4,225

 

JOSEPH J SCHENA

 

25,000

 

PATRICK A STURGEON

 

9,826

 

UNION GROUP INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS LIMITED

 

1,619,954

 

UNION ACQUISITION ASSOCIATES LLC

 

642,583

 

 


Exhibit 4.5

 

AMENDED AND RESTATED

REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT

 

This Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement (as may be amended, restated, supplemented, or otherwise modified from time to time, the “ Agreement ”) is entered into as of the 6 th  day of March, 2019, by and among Bioceres Crop Solutions Corp. (f/k/a “Union Acquisition Corp.” or “ UAC ”), a Cayman Islands exempted company (the “ Company ”) and the undersigned parties listed under Investor on the signature page hereto (each, an “ Investor ” and collectively, the “ Investors ”).

 

WHEREAS, Union Acquisition Corp. and certain Investors party thereto entered into a Registration Rights Agreement on February 27, 2018 (the “ Original Agreement ”);

 

WHEREAS, Union Acquisition Corp. changed its name to Bioceres Crop Solutions Corp., as a result of consummating the Business Combination (as defined below), pursuant to that certain share exchange agreement, dated as of November 8, 2018 by an among Union Acquisition Corp., Joseph Schena, solely in his capacity as a representative of Union Acquisition Corp.’s shareholders, and Bioceres, Inc. (the “ Exchange Agreement ”).

 

WHEREAS, the Investors and the Company desire to enter into this Agreement, which shall amend and restate in its entirety the Original Agreement, to provide the Investors with certain rights relating to the registration of the securities held by them as of the date hereof;

 

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants and agreements set forth herein, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto agree as follows:

 

1.                                       DEFINITIONS . The following capitalized terms used herein have the following meanings:

 

Business Combination ” means the business combination pursuant to the Exchange Agreement.

 

Commission ” means the Securities and Exchange Commission, or any other Federal agency then administering the Securities Act or the Exchange Act.

 

Exchange Act ” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the Commission promulgated thereunder, all as the same shall be in effect at the time.

 

Founder Shares ” means all of the outstanding Ordinary Shares of the Company issued prior to the consummation of its initial public offering.

 

Ordinary Shares ” means the ordinary shares, par value $0.0001 per share, of the Company.

 

Private Placement Warrants ” means the warrants held by certain Investors, purchased by such Investors in connection with the consummation of the Company’s initial public offering, and includes all Ordinary Shares issuable upon conversion or exchange of such warrants.

 

Register ,” “ Registered ” and “ Registration ” mean a registration effected by preparing and filing a registration statement or similar document in compliance with the requirements of the Securities Act, and the applicable rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, and such registration statement becoming effective.

 


 

Registrable Securities ” means (i) the Founder Shares and (ii) the Private Placement Warrants (and underlying securities). Registrable Securities include any warrants, shares of capital stock, or other securities of the Company issued as a dividend or other distribution with respect to or in exchange for or in replacement of such Founder Shares and Private Placement Warrants (and underlying securities). As to any particular Registrable Securities, such securities shall cease to be Registrable Securities when: (a) a Registration Statement with respect to the sale of such securities shall have become effective under the Securities Act and such securities shall have been sold, transferred, disposed of or exchanged in accordance with such Registration Statement; (b) such securities shall have been otherwise transferred, new certificates for them not bearing a legend restricting further transfer shall have been delivered by the Company and subsequent public distribution of them shall not require registration under the Securities Act; (c) such securities shall have ceased to be outstanding, or (d) the Registrable Securities are freely saleable under Rule 144 without volume limitations.

 

Registration Statement ” means a registration statement filed by the Company with the Commission in compliance with the Securities Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder for a public offering and sale of equity securities, or securities or other obligations exercisable or exchangeable for, or convertible into, equity securities (other than a registration statement on Form S-4 or Form S-8, or their successors, or any registration statement covering only securities proposed to be issued in exchange for securities or assets of another entity).

 

Securities Act ” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the Commission promulgated thereunder, all as the same shall be in effect at the time.

 

Underwriter ” means a securities dealer who purchases any Registrable Securities as principal in an underwritten offering and not as part of such dealer’s market-making activities.

 

2.                                       REGISTRATION RIGHTS.

 

2.1                                Demand Registration .

 

2.1.1                      Request for Registration . The holders of a majority-in-interest of the Private Placement Warrants and the Founder Shares may make a written demand for registration under the Securities Act of all or part of such Registrable Securities at any time and from time to time on or after: (i) with respect to the Private Placement Warrants, thirty (30) days after the date that UAC consummates the Business Combination and (ii) with respect to the Founder Shares, the earlier of (A) the earlier of (x) one (1) year after the date UAC consummates the Business Combination and (y) the date on which the closing price of the Ordinary Shares equals or exceeds $12.00 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations, and recapitalizations) for any 20 trading days within any 30-trading day period commencing one hundred and fifty (150) days after UAC consummates the Business Combination, and (B) the date that the Company consummates a subsequent liquidation, merger stock exchange or other similar transaction which results in all shareholders having the right to exchange their Ordinary Shares for cash, securities or other properties; (each a “ Demand Registration ”). Any demand for a Demand Registration shall specify the number of shares of Registrable Securities proposed to be sold and the intended method(s) of distribution thereof. The Company will notify all holders of Registrable Securities of the demand, and each holder of Registrable Securities who wishes to include all or a portion of such holder’s Registrable Securities in the Demand Registration (each

 


 

such holder including shares of Registrable Securities in such registration, a “ Demanding Holder ”) shall so notify the Company within fifteen (15) days after the receipt by the holder of the notice from the Company. Within sixty (60) days upon the receipt of any such request, the Company shall use its best efforts to have such Registrable Securities included in the Demand Registration, subject to Section 2.1.4 and the provisos set forth in Section 3.1 . The Company shall not be obligated to effect more than an aggregate of two (2) Demand Registrations in respect of all Registrable Securities (not including short-form requests for registration pursuant to Section 2.3 ).

 

2.1.2                      Effective Registration . A registration will not count as a Demand Registration until the Registration Statement filed with the Commission with respect to such Demand Registration has been declared effective and the Company has complied with all of its obligations under this Agreement with respect thereto; provided , however , that if, after such Registration Statement has been declared effective, the offering of Registrable Securities pursuant to a Demand Registration is interfered with by any stop order or injunction of the Commission or any other governmental agency or court, the Registration Statement with respect to such Demand Registration will be deemed not to have been declared effective, unless and until, (i) such stop order or injunction is removed, rescinded or otherwise terminated, and (ii) a majority-in-interest of the Demanding Holders thereafter elect to continue the offering; provided , further , that the Company shall not be obligated to file a second Registration Statement until a Registration Statement that has been filed is counted as a Demand Registration or is terminated.

 

2.1.3                      Underwritten Offering . If a majority-in-interest of the Demanding Holders so elect and such holders so advise the Company as part of their written demand for a Demand Registration, the offering of such Registrable Securities pursuant to such Demand Registration shall be in the form of an underwritten offering. In such event, no holder may include its Registrable Securities in such registration unless such holder includes its Registrable Securities in such underwriting. All Demanding Holders proposing to distribute their Registrable Securities through such underwriting shall enter into an underwriting agreement in customary form with the Underwriter or Underwriters selected for such underwriting by a majority-in-interest of the holders initiating the Demand Registration.

 

2.1.4                      Reduction of Offering . If the managing Underwriter or Underwriters for a Demand Registration that is to be an underwritten offering advises the Company and the Demanding Holders in writing that the dollar amount or number of shares of Registrable Securities which the Demanding Holders desire to sell, taken together with all other Ordinary Shares or other securities which the Company desires to sell and the Ordinary Shares, if any, as to which registration has been requested pursuant to written contractual piggy-back registration rights held by other stockholders of the Company who desire to sell, exceeds the maximum dollar amount or maximum number of shares that can be sold in such offering without adversely affecting the proposed offering price, the timing, the distribution method, or the probability of success of such offering (such maximum dollar amount or maximum number of shares, as applicable, the “ Maximum Number of Shares ”), then the Company shall include in such registration: (i) first, the pro rata proportion of each Demanding Holder’s Registrable Securities that can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Shares, determined in accordance with the number of shares that each such person has requested be included in the Demand Registration, regardless of the total number of shares held by each such person (such proportion is referred to herein as “ Pro Rata ”); (ii) second, any Ordinary Shares or other securities that the Company desires to sell that can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Shares; and (iii) third, any Ordinary Shares or other securities for the account of other persons that the Company is obligated to register pursuant to written contractual arrangements with such persons and that can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Shares.

 

2.1.5                      Withdrawal . If a majority-in-interest of the Demanding Holders disapprove of the terms of any underwriting or are not entitled to include all of their Registrable Securities in any offering

 


 

for any reason, then, prior to the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, such majority-in-interest of the Demanding Holders may provide written notice to the Company and the Underwriter(s) of their request to withdraw the Registration Statement, and the proposed offering shall be withdrawn. If the Registration Statement is so withdrawn, it will not count as a Demand Registration pursuant to this Section 2.1 . Notwithstanding any such withdrawal, the Company shall pay all expenses incurred by the holders of Registrable Securities in connection with such registration as provided in Section 3.4 .

 

2.2                                Piggy-Back Registration .

 

2.2.1                      Piggy-Back Rights . If at any time on or after the date the Company consummates a Business Combination the Company proposes to file a Registration Statement for its own account or for shareholders of the Company for their account (including, without limitation, pursuant to Section 2.1 ) with respect to an offering of equity securities, or securities or other obligations exercisable or exchangeable for or convertible into equity securities, other than a Registration Statement (i) filed in connection with any employee stock option or other benefit plan, (ii) for an exchange offer or offering of securities solely to the Company’s existing shareholders, (iii) for an offering of debt that is convertible into equity securities of the Company or (iv) for a dividend reinvestment plan, then the Company shall give written notice of such proposed filing to the holders of Registrable Securities as soon as practicable but in no event less than ten (10) days before the anticipated filing date, which notice shall: (x) describe the amount and type of securities to be included in such offering, (y) describe the intended method(s) of distribution and the name of the proposed managing Underwriter or Underwriters, if any, of the offering, and (z) offer to the holders of Registrable Securities the opportunity to register the sale of such number of shares of Registrable Securities as such holders may request in writing within five (5) days following receipt of such notice (a “ Piggy-Back Registration ”). The Company shall cause such Registrable Securities to be included in such registration or, if the offering is an underwritten offering, shall use its best efforts to cause the managing Underwriter or Underwriters to permit the Registrable Securities requested to be included in such registration, on the same terms and conditions as any similar securities of the Company and to permit the sale or other disposition of such Registrable Securities in accordance with the intended method(s) of distribution thereof. All holders of Registrable Securities proposing to distribute their securities through a Piggy-Back Registration that involves an Underwriter or Underwriters shall enter into an underwriting agreement in customary form with the Underwriter or Underwriters selected for such Piggy-Back Registration.

 

2.2.2                      Reduction of Offering . If the managing Underwriter or Underwriters for a Piggy-Back Registration that is to be an underwritten offering advises the Company and the holders of Registrable Securities in writing that the dollar amount or number of Ordinary Shares which the Company desires to sell, taken together with Ordinary Shares, if any, as to which registration has been demanded pursuant to written contractual arrangements with persons other than the holders of Registrable Securities hereunder, the Registrable Securities as to which registration has been requested under this Section 2.2 , and the Ordinary Shares, if any, as to which registration has been requested pursuant to the written contractual piggy-back registration rights of other shareholders of the Company, exceeds the Maximum Number of Shares, then the Company shall include in any such registration:

 

(a)                                  If the registration is undertaken for the Company’s account: (A) first, the Ordinary Shares or other securities that the Company desires to sell that can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Shares; (B) second, the Ordinary Shares or other securities, if any, comprised of Registrable Securities, as to which registration has been requested pursuant to the applicable written contractual piggy-back registration rights of such security holders, Pro Rata, that can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Shares; and (C) third, the Ordinary Shares or other securities for the account of other persons that the Company is obligated to register pursuant to written contractual piggy-back

 


 

registration rights with such persons and that can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Shares;

 

(b)                                  (b) If the registration is a “demand” registration undertaken at the demand of persons other than any of the holders of Registrable Securities: (A) first, the Ordinary Shares or other securities for the account of the demanding persons that can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Shares; (B) second, the Ordinary Shares or other securities that the Company desires to sell that can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Shares; (C) third, the Ordinary Shares or other securities comprised of Registrable Securities, Pro Rata, as to which registration has been requested pursuant to the terms hereof, that can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Shares; and (D) fourth, the Ordinary Shares or other securities for the account of other persons that the Company is obligated to register pursuant to written contractual arrangements with such persons, that can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Shares.

 

2.2.3                      Withdrawal . Any holder of Registrable Securities may elect to withdraw such holder’s request for inclusion of Registrable Securities in any Piggy-Back Registration by giving written notice to the Company of such request to withdraw prior to the effectiveness of the Registration Statement. The Company (whether on its own determination or as the result of a withdrawal by persons making a demand pursuant to written contractual obligations) may withdraw a Registration Statement at any time prior to the effectiveness of such Registration Statement. Notwithstanding any such withdrawal, the Company shall pay all expenses incurred by the holders of Registrable Securities in connection with such Piggy-Back Registration as provided in Section 3.4 .

 

2.3                                Registrations on Form S-3 . The holders of Registrable Securities may, after one year from the consummation of the Business Combination, and at any time and from time to time thereafter, request in writing that the Company register the resale of any or all of such Registrable Securities on Form S-3 or any similar short-form registration which may be available at such time (“ Form S-3 ”); provided, however, that the Company shall not be obligated to effect such request through an underwritten offering. Upon receipt of such written request, the Company will promptly give written notice of the proposed registration to all other holders of Registrable Securities, and each holder of Registrable Securities who wishes to include all or a portion of such holder’s Registrable Securities in the Form S-3 shall so notify the Company within fifteen (15) days after the receipt by the holder of the notice from the Company. As soon as practicable thereafter, the Company shall effect the Form S-3 registration of such Registrable Securities; provided, however, that the Company shall not be obligated to effect any such registration pursuant to this Section 2.3 : (i) if Form S-3 is not available for such offering; or (ii) if the holders of the Registrable Securities, together with the holders of any other securities of the Company entitled to inclusion in such registration, propose to sell Registrable Securities and such other securities (if any) at any aggregate price to the public of less than $500,000. Registrations effected pursuant to this Section 2.3 shall not be counted as Demand Registrations effected pursuant to Section 2.1 .

 

3.                                       REGISTRATION PROCEDURES.

 

3.1                                Filings; Information . Whenever the Company is required to effect the registration of any Registrable Securities pursuant to Section 2 , the Company shall use its best efforts to effect the registration and sale of such Registrable Securities in accordance with the intended method(s) of distribution as expeditiously as practicable, and in connection with any such request, use its best efforts to:

 


 

(a)                                  prepare and file with the Commission a Registration Statement on any form for which the Company then qualifies or which counsel for the Company shall deem appropriate, and to cause such Registration Statement to become effective and remain effective until all Registrable Securities and other securities covered by such Registration Statement have been disposed of in accordance with the intended method(s) of distribution set forth in such Registration Statement or such securities have been withdrawn; provided , however , that the Company shall have the right to defer any Demand Registration for up to thirty (30) days, and any Piggy-Back Registration for such period as may be applicable to deferment of any Demand Registration to which such Piggy-Back Registration relates, and in such each case the Company shall furnish to the holders a certificate signed by the President or Chairman of the Company stating that, in the good faith judgment of the Board of Directors of the Company, it would be materially detrimental to the Company and its shareholders for such Registration Statement to be effected at such time; provided further, however, that the Company shall not have the right to defer the filing of a Demand Registration more than once in any 365-day period.

 

(b)                                  prepare and file with the Commission such amendments, including post-effective amendments, and supplements to such Registration Statement and the prospectus used in connection therewith, as may be necessary to keep such Registration Statement effective and in compliance with the provisions of the Securities Act until all Registrable Securities and other securities covered by such Registration Statement have been disposed of in accordance with the intended method(s) of distribution set forth in such Registration Statement or such securities have been withdrawn.

 

(c)                                   promptly, and in any event within two (2) business days, notify the holders of Registrable Securities included in such Registration Statement of: (i) the filing of a Registration Statement, (ii) the effectiveness of a Registration Statement, (iii) when any post-effective amendment to such Registration Statement becomes effective; (iv) the issuance or threatened issuance by the Commission of any stop order (and the Company shall take all actions required to prevent the entry of such stop order or to remove it if entered); and (v) any request by the Commission for any amendment or supplement to such Registration Statement or any prospectus relating thereto or for additional information or of the occurrence of an event requiring the preparation of a supplement or amendment to such prospectus so that, as thereafter delivered to the purchasers of the securities covered by such Registration Statement, such prospectus will not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, and promptly make available to the holders of Registrable Securities included in such Registration Statement any such supplement or amendment.

 

(d)                                  prior to filing a Registration Statement, prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto, furnish without charge to the holders of Registrable Securities included in such registration, and such holders’ legal counsel, copies of such documents as proposed to be filed and all exhibits thereto and documents incorporated by reference therein, and such other documents as the holders of Registrable Securities included in such registration or their legal counsel may request in order to facilitate the disposition of the Registrable Securities owned by such holders and to provide such holders and legal counsel with a reasonable opportunity to review such documents and comment thereon, and the Company shall not file any Registration Statement or prospectus or amendment or supplement thereto, including documents incorporated by reference, to which such holders or their legal counsel shall object.

 


 

(e)                                   take such action necessary to cause the Registrable Securities covered by the Registration Statement to be registered or qualified under such securities or “blue sky” laws of such jurisdictions in the United States as the holders of Registrable Securities included in such Registration Statement (in light of their intended plan of distribution) may request and such other governmental authorities as may be necessary by virtue of the business and operations of the Company, and do any and all other acts and things that may be necessary or advisable to enable the holders of Registrable Securities included in such Registration Statement to consummate the disposition of such Registrable Securities in such jurisdictions; provided , however , that the Company shall not be required to qualify generally to do business in any jurisdiction where it would not otherwise be required to qualify but for this paragraph or subject itself to taxation in any such jurisdiction.

 

(f)                                    enter into customary agreements (including, if applicable, an underwriting agreement in customary form) and take such other actions as are reasonably required in order to expedite or facilitate the disposition of such Registrable Securities. The representations, warranties and covenants of the Company in any underwriting agreement which are made to or for the benefit of any Underwriters, to the extent applicable, shall also be made to and for the benefit of the holders of Registrable Securities included in such registration statement. No holder of Registrable Securities included in such registration statement shall be required to make any representations or warranties in the underwriting agreement except, if applicable, with respect to such holder’s organization, good standing, authority, title to Registrable Securities, lack of conflict of such sale with such holder’s material agreements and organizational documents, and with respect to written information relating to such holder that such holder has furnished in writing expressly for inclusion in such Registration Statement.

 

(g)                                   make available for inspection by the holders of Registrable Securities included in such Registration Statement, any Underwriter participating in any disposition pursuant to such Registration Statement, and any attorney, accountant, or other professional retained by any holder of Registrable Securities included in such Registration Statement or any Underwriter, all financial and other records, pertinent corporate documents, and properties of the Company, as shall be necessary to enable them to exercise their due diligence responsibility, and cause the Company’s officers, directors and employees to supply all information requested by any of them in connection with such Registration Statement.

 

(h)                                  furnish to each holder of Registrable Securities included in any Registration Statement a signed counterpart, addressed to such holder, of any opinion of counsel to the Company delivered to any Underwriter and any comfort letter from the Company’s independent public accountants delivered to any Underwriter. In the event no legal opinion is delivered to any Underwriter, the Company shall furnish to each holder of Registrable Securities included in such Registration Statement, at any time that such holder elects to use a prospectus, an opinion of counsel to the Company to the effect that the Registration Statement containing such prospectus has been declared effective and that no stop order is in effect.

 

(i)                                      make available to its shareholders, as soon as practicable, an earnings statement covering a period of twelve (12) months, which earnings statement shall satisfy the provisions of Section 11(a) of the Securities Act and Rule 158 thereunder.

 


 

(j)                                     cause all Registrable Securities included in any registration to be listed on such exchanges or otherwise designated for trading in the same manner as similar securities issued by the Company are then listed or designated or, if no such similar securities are then listed or designated, in a manner satisfactory to the holders of a majority of the Registrable Securities included in such registration.

 

3.2                                Cooperation . The principal executive officer of the Company, the principal financial officer of the Company, the principal accounting officer of the Company and all other officers and members of the management of the Company shall cooperate fully in any offering of Registrable Securities hereunder, which cooperation shall include, without limitation, the preparation of the Registration Statement with respect to such offering and all other offering materials and related documents, and participation in meetings with Underwriters, attorneys, accountants and potential investors.

 

3.3                                Obligation to Suspend Distribution . Upon receipt of any notice from the Company of any request by the Commission for any amendment or supplement or for any additional information as set forth in Section 3.1(c)(v) , or, in the case of a resale registration on Form S-3 pursuant to Section 2.3 hereof, upon any suspension by the Company of the ability of all “insiders” to transact in the Company’s securities because of the existence of material non-public information (as such terms are set forth in a written insider trading compliance program adopted by the Company’s Board of Directors), then each holder of Registrable Securities included in any registration shall immediately discontinue disposition of such Registrable Securities pursuant to the Registration Statement covering such Registrable Securities until such holder receives the supplemented or amended prospectus contemplated by Section 3.1(c)(v)  or the restriction on the ability of “insiders” to transact in the Company’s securities is removed, as applicable, and, if so directed by the Company, each such holder will deliver to the Company all written copies, other than permanent file copies then in such holder’s possession, of the most recent prospectus covering such Registrable Securities at the time of receipt of such notice.

 

3.4                                Registration Expenses . The Company shall bear all costs and expenses incurred in connection with any Demand Registration, any Piggy-Back Registration, and any registration on Form S-3 effected pursuant to Section 2.3, and all expenses incurred in performing or complying with its other obligations under this Agreement, whether or not the Registration Statement becomes effective, including, without limitation: (i) all registration and filing fees; (ii) fees and expenses of compliance with securities or “blue sky” laws (including fees and disbursements of counsel in connection with blue sky qualifications of the Registrable Securities); (iii) printing expenses; (iv) the Company’s internal expenses (including, without limitation, all salaries and expenses of its officers and employees); (v) the fees and expenses incurred in connection with the listing of the Registrable Securities; (vi) Financial Industry Regulatory Authority fees; (vii) fees and disbursements of counsel for the Company and fees and expenses for independent certified public accountants retained by the Company (including the expenses or costs associated with the delivery of any opinions or comfort letters); (viii) reasonable fees and expenses of any special experts retained by the Company in connection with such registration; and (ix) the fees and expenses of one legal counsel selected by the holders of a majority-in-interest of the Registrable Securities included in such registration. The Company shall have no obligation to pay any underwriting discounts or selling commissions attributable to the Registrable Securities being sold by the holders thereof, which underwriting discounts or selling commissions shall be borne by such holders. Additionally, in an underwritten offering, all selling shareholders and the Company shall bear the expenses of the Underwriter pro rata in proportion to the respective amount of shares each is selling in such offering.

 

3.5                                Information . The holders of Registrable Securities shall provide such information as may reasonably be requested by the Company, or the managing Underwriter, if any, in connection with the

 


 

preparation of any Registration Statement, including amendments and supplements thereto, in order to effect the registration of any Registrable Securities under the Securities Act pursuant to Section 2 and in connection with the Company’s obligation to comply with federal and applicable state securities laws.

 

4.                                       INDEMNIFICATION AND CONTRIBUTION.

 

4.1                                Indemnification by the Company . The Company agrees to indemnify and hold harmless each Investor and each other holder of Registrable Securities, and each of their respective officers, employees, affiliates, directors, partners, members, attorneys and agents, and each person, if any, who controls an Investor and each other holder of Registrable Securities (within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act) (each, an “ Investor Indemnified Party ”), and any Underwriter of the Registrable Securities, their officers, affiliates, directors, partners, members and agents and each person who controls such Underwriter (each, an “ Underwriter Indemnified Party ”) from and against any expenses, losses, judgments, claims, damages or liabilities, whether joint or several, arising out of or based upon any untrue statement (or allegedly untrue statement) of a material fact contained in any Registration Statement under which the sale of such Registrable Securities was registered under the Securities Act, any preliminary prospectus, final prospectus, or summary prospectus contained in the Registration Statement, or any amendment or supplement to such Registration Statement, or arising out of or based upon any omission (or alleged omission) to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, or any violation by the Company of the Securities Act or any rule or regulation promulgated thereunder applicable to the Company and relating to action or inaction required of the Company in connection with any such registration (each, a “ Claim ”); and the Company shall promptly reimburse the Investor Indemnified Party and Underwriter Indemnified Party for any legal and any other reasonable expenses incurred by such person in connection with investigating and defending any such Claim whether or not any such person is a party to any such Claim and including any and all legal and other expenses incurred in giving testimony or furnishing documents in response to a subpoena or otherwise; provided , however , that the Company will not be liable to the extent that any such Claim arises out of or is based upon information furnished to the Company, in writing, by such Investor Indemnified Party or Underwriter Indemnified Party.

 

4.2                                Indemnification by Holders of Registrable Securities . Subject to the limitations set forth Section 4.4 hereof, each selling holder of Registrable Securities will indemnify and hold harmless the Company and each of its directors and officers and their affiliates, and each person, if any, who controls the Company (within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act) each Underwriter (if any), and each other selling holder and each other person, if any, who controls another selling holder or such Underwriter within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act, against any Claim if the statement or omission underlying such Claim was made in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing to the Company by such selling holder expressly for use therein, and shall reimburse such persons for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by any of them in connection with investigation or defending any such Claim. Each selling holder’s indemnification obligations hereunder shall be several and not joint and shall be limited to the amount of any net proceeds actually received by such selling holder.

 

4.3                                Conduct of Indemnification Proceedings . Promptly after receipt by any person of any notice of any Claim in respect of which indemnity may be sought pursuant to Section 4.1 or 4.2 , such person (the “ Indemnified Party ”) shall notify such other person (the “ Indemnifying Party ”) in writing of the Claim; provided , however , that the failure to notify the Indemnifying Party shall not relieve the Indemnifying Party from any liability hereunder, except and solely to the extent the Indemnifying Party is actually prejudiced by such failure. If the Indemnified Party is seeking indemnification with respect to any Claim brought against the Indemnified Party, then the Indemnifying Party shall be entitled to participate in such Claim, and, jointly with all other Indemnifying Parties, to assume control of the

 


 

defense thereof with counsel satisfactory to the Indemnified Party. After notice from the Indemnifying Party to the Indemnified Party of its election to assume control of the defense of such Claim, the Indemnifying Party shall not be liable to the Indemnified Party for any legal or other expenses subsequently incurred by the Indemnified Party in connection with the defense thereof other than reasonable costs of investigation; provided , however , that in any action in which both the Indemnified Party and the Indemnifying Party are named as defendants, the Indemnified Party shall have the right to employ separate counsel (but no more than one such separate counsel) to represent the Indemnified Party and its controlling persons who may be subject to liability arising out of any Claim, with the fees and expenses of such counsel to be paid by such Indemnifying Party if, based upon the written advice of counsel of such Indemnified Party, representation of both parties by the same counsel would be inappropriate due to actual or potential differing interests between them. No Indemnifying Party shall, without the prior written consent of the Indemnified Party, consent to entry of judgment or effect any settlement of any claim or pending or threatened proceeding in respect of which the Indemnified Party is or could have been a party and indemnity could have been sought hereunder by such Indemnified Party, unless such judgment or settlement includes an unconditional release of such Indemnified Party from all liability arising out of such claim or proceeding.

 

4.4                                Contribution . If the indemnification provided for in the foregoing Sections 4.1 , 4.2 and 4.3 is unavailable to any Indemnified Party in respect of any Claim, then each such Indemnifying Party, in lieu of indemnifying such Indemnified Party, shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by such Indemnified Party as a result of such Claim (including any legal or other expenses incurred by such Indemnified Party in connection with investigating or defending the Claim) in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative fault of the Indemnified Parties and the Indemnifying Parties in connection with the actions or omissions which resulted in such Claim, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative fault of any Indemnified Party and any Indemnifying Party shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or the omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by such Indemnified Party or such Indemnifying Party and the parties’ relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission. The parties agree that it would not be just and equitable if contribution pursuant to this Section 4.4 were determined by pro rata allocation or by any other method of allocation which does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to in the immediately preceding sentence. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 4.4 , no holder of Registrable Securities shall be required to contribute any amount in excess of the dollar amount of the net proceeds (after payment of any underwriting fees, discounts, commissions, or taxes) actually received by such holder from the sale of Registrable Securities which gave rise to such contribution obligation. No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act) with respect to any Claim shall be entitled to contribution in such action from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation.

 

5.                                       RESALES . The Company covenants that it shall file any reports required to be filed by it under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act and shall take such further action as the holders of Registrable Securities may reasonably request, all to the extent required from time to time to enable such holders to sell Registrable Securities without registration under the Securities Act within the limitation of the exemptions provided by Rule 144 under the Securities Act, as such Rules may be amended from time to time, or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission.

 

6.                                       MISCELLANEOUS.

 

6.1                                Other Registration Rights . The Company represents and warrants that no person, other than the holders of the Registrable Securities, has any right to require the Company to register any shares of the Company’s capital stock for sale or to include shares of the Company’s capital stock in any

 


 

registration filed by the Company for the sale of shares of capital stock for its own account or for the account of any other person.

 

6.2                                Assignment; No Third Party Beneficiaries . This Agreement and the rights, duties, and obligations of the Company hereunder may not be assigned or delegated by the Company in whole or in part. This Agreement and the rights, duties, and obligations of the holders of Registrable Securities hereunder may be freely assigned or delegated by such holder of Registrable Securities in conjunction with and to the extent of any transfer of Registrable Securities by any such holder. This Agreement and the provisions hereof shall be binding upon and shall inure to the benefit of each of the parties, to the permitted assigns of the Investors or holder of Registrable Securities, or of any assignee of the Investors or holder of Registrable Securities. This Agreement is not intended to confer any rights or benefits on any persons that are not party hereto other than as expressly set forth in Section 4 and this Section 6.2 .

 

6.3                                Notices . All notices, demands, requests, consents, approvals, or other communications (collectively, “ Notices ”) required or permitted to be given hereunder or which are given with respect to this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be personally served, delivered by reputable air courier service with charges prepaid, or transmitted by hand delivery, telegram, telex, or facsimile, addressed as set forth below, or to such other address as such party shall have specified most recently by written notice. Notice shall be deemed given on the date of service or transmission if personally served or transmitted by telegram, telex, or facsimile; provided , that if such service or transmission is not on a business day or is after normal business hours, then such notice shall be deemed given on the next business day. Notice otherwise sent as provided herein shall be deemed given on the next business day following timely delivery of such notice to a reputable air courier service with an order for next-day delivery.

 

To the Company:

 

Bioceres Crop Solutions Corp.
Ocampo 210 bis

Predio CCT, Rosario, Sta. Fe., ARG.

New York, NY 10105

Attn: Gloria  Montaron Estrada

 

with a copy to:

 

Linklaters LLP

1345 Avenue of the Americas

New York, NY 10105

Attn: Matthew Poulter, Esq.

 

To an Investor, to the address set forth below such Investor’s name on Exhibit A hereto.

 

6.4                                Severability . This Agreement shall be deemed severable, and the invalidity or unenforceability of any term or provision hereof shall not affect the validity or enforceability of this Agreement or of any other term or provision hereof. Furthermore, in lieu of any such invalid or unenforceable term or provision, the parties hereto intend that there shall be added as a part of this Agreement a provision as similar in terms to such invalid or unenforceable provision as may be possible that is valid and enforceable.

 

6.5                                Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed in multiple counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, and all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same instrument.

 


 

Delivery of a signed counterpart of this Agreement by facsimile or email/pdf transmission shall constitute valid and sufficient delivery thereof.

 

6.6                                Entire Agreement . This Agreement (including all agreements entered into pursuant hereto and all certificates and instruments delivered pursuant hereto and thereto) constitutes the entire agreement of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior and contemporaneous agreements, representations, understandings, negotiations, and discussions between the parties, whether oral or written, including the Original Agreement.

 

6.7                                Modifications and Amendments . No amendment, modification, or termination of this Agreement shall be binding upon any party unless executed in writing by such party.

 

6.8                                Titles and Headings . Titles and headings of sections of this Agreement are for convenience only and shall not affect the construction of any provision of this Agreement.

 

6.9                                Waivers and Extensions . Any party to this Agreement may waive any right, breach, or default which such party has the right to waive, provided that such waiver will not be effective against the waiving party unless it is in writing, is signed by such party, and specifically refers to this Agreement. Waivers may be made before or after the right has arisen or the breach or default has occurred. Any waiver may be conditional. No waiver of any breach of any agreement or provision herein contained shall be deemed a waiver of any preceding or succeeding breach thereof nor of any other agreement or provision herein contained. No waiver or extension of time for performance of any obligations or acts shall be deemed a waiver or extension of the time for performance of any other obligations or acts.

 

6.10                         Remedies Cumulative . In the event that the Company fails to observe or perform any covenant or agreement to be observed or performed under this Agreement, the Investor or any other holder of Registrable Securities may proceed to protect and enforce its rights by suit in equity or action at law, whether for specific performance of any term contained in this Agreement, for an injunction against the breach of any such term, in aid of the exercise of any power granted in this Agreement, to enforce any other legal or equitable right, or to take any one or more of such actions, without being required to post a bond unless required by applicable law. None of the rights, powers, or remedies conferred under this Agreement shall be mutually exclusive, and each such right, power, or remedy shall be cumulative and in addition to any other right, power, or remedy, whether conferred by this Agreement or now or hereafter available at law, in equity, by statute, or otherwise.

 

6.11                         Governing Law . This Agreement shall be governed by, interpreted under, and construed in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York applicable to agreements made and to be performed within the State of New York, without giving effect to any choice-of-law provisions thereof that would compel the application of the substantive laws of any other jurisdiction. The parties irrevocably submit to the nonexclusive jurisdiction of any New York State or United States Federal court sitting in The City of New York, Borough of Manhattan, over any suit, action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement. The parties irrevocably waive, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any objection that they may now or hereafter have to the laying of venue of any such suit, action, or proceeding brought in such a court and any claim that any such suit, action, or proceeding brought in such a court has been brought in an inconvenient forum.

 

6.12                         Waiver of Trial by Jury . EACH PARTY HEREBY IRREVOCABLY AND UNCONDITIONALLY WAIVES THE RIGHT TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION, SUIT, COUNTERCLAIM, OR OTHER PROCEEDING (WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT, OR OTHERWISE) ARISING OUT OF, CONNECTED WITH, OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT,

 


 

THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY, OR THE ACTIONS OF THE OTHER PARTY IN THE NEGOTIATION, ADMINISTRATION, PERFORMANCE, OR ENFORCEMENT HEREOF.

 

[REMAINDER OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK]

 


 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have caused this Registration Rights Agreement to be executed and delivered by their duly authorized representatives as of the date first written above.

 

 

 

COMPANY:

 

 

 

 

 

BIOCERES CROP SOLUTIONS CORP.

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Federico Trucco

 

 

Name: Federico Trucco

 

 

Title: Chief Executive Officer

 

 

 

 

 

INVESTORS:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Kyle. P Bransfield

 

 

Name: Kyle P. Bransfield

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Gerald W. Haddock

 

 

Name: Gerald W. Haddock

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Daniel W. Fink

 

 

Name: Daniel W. Fink

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Joseph J. Schena

 

 

Name: Joseph J. Schena

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

UNION GROUP INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS LIMITED

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Juan Sartori

 

 

Name: Juan Sartori

 

 

Title: Chairman

 

 

 

 

 

UNION ACQUISITION ASSOCIATES, LLC

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 By:

/s/ Kyle P. Bransfield

 

 

Name: Kyle P. Bransfield

 

 

Title: Member

 


 

 

 

PENSCO TRUST COMPANY

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Kyle P. Bransfield

 

 

Name: Kyle P. Bransfield

 

 

Title: Authorized Signatory

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Jim Manley

 

 

Name: Jim Manley

 

 

 

 

 

LADENBURG THALMANN & CO. INC.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Steven Kaplan

 

 

Name: Steven Kaplan

 

 

Title: Head of Capital Markets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ William Buchanan Jr.

 

 

Name: William B. Buchanan Jr.

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Michael Fontaine

 

 

Name: Michael Fontaine

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Scott A. Katzman

 

 

Name: Scott A. Katzman

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Joseph Anthony Lasala

 

 

Name: Joseph Anthony Lasala

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Harris Lydon

 

 

Name: Harris Lydon

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Graham A. Powis

 

 

Name: Graham A. Powis

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Patrick A. Sturgeon

 

 

Name: Patrick A. Sturgeon

 

 

 

 


 

EXHIBIT A

 

Name and Address of Investor

 

1.               Kyle P. Bransfield

 

Address: 444 Madison Avenue, Floor 34

 

New York, New York 10022

 

2.               Gerald W. Haddock

 

Address: 500 Main Street, Suite 1015

 

Fort Worth, Texas 76102

 

3.               Daniel W. Fink

 

Address: 1733 Majestic Drive, Suite 103

 

Lafayette, Colorado 80026

 

4.               Joseph J. Schena

 

Address: 545 Sanctuary Drive, B505

 

Longboat Key, Florida 34228

 

5.         Union Group International Holdings Limited

 

Address: Plaza Independencia 737

 

Montevideo, Uruguay

 

Attn: Juan Sartori

 

6.               Union Acquisition Associates, LLC

 

Address: 444 Madison Avenue, Floor 34

 

New York, New York 10022

 

Attn: Kyle P. Bransfield

 

7.               PENSCO Trust Company

 

Address: 444 Madison Avenue, Floor 34

 

New York, New York 10022

 


 

8.               Jim Manley

 

Address: 444 Madison Avenue, Floor 34

 

New York, NY 10022

 

9.               Ladenburg Thalmann & Co. Inc.

 

Address: 277 Park Ave, 26 th  floor

 

New York, NY 10172

 

10.        William B. Buchanan Jr.

 

Address: 8 Smith Ridge Lane

 

New Canaan, Connecticut 06840

 

11.        Michael Fontaine

 

Address: 123 Washington Street, 42G

 

New York, New York 10006

 

12.        Scott A. Katzmann

 

Address: 53 Westgate Boulevard

 

Plandome, New York 11030

 

13.        Joseph Anthony Lasala

 

Address: 2012 Byrne Hall

 

Hanover, New Hampshire 03755

 

14.        Harris Lydon

 

Address: 17 White Street, 2B

 

New York, New York 10013

 

15.        Graham A. Powis

 

Address: 10 Francine Drive

 

Greenwich, Connecticut 06830

 

16.        Patrick A. Sturgeon

 

Address: 509 Madison Avenue, 9 th  Floor

 


 

New York, New York 10022

 


Exhibit 4.6

 

WARRANT AGREEMENT

 

 

This agreement is made as of March 14, 2018 (this “ Agreement ”), by and between Bioceres Crop Solutions Corp. (f/k/a “Union Acquisition Corp.,” referred to herein as “UAC”), a Cayman Islands exempted company, (the “ Company ”), and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, a New York corporation, with offices at 1 State Street, 30 th Floor, New York, New York 10004 (“ Warrant Agent ”).

 

WHEREAS, UAC, Joseph J. Schena, in his capacity as a representative of the shareholders of UAC, and Bioceres, Inc. (“ Bioceres ”) entered into that certain Share Exchange Agreement, dated as of November 8, 2018, as may be amended from time to time (the “ Exchange Agreement ”), whereby the parties agreed to enter into a business combination transaction (the “ Business Combination ”);

 

WHEREAS, prior to the consummation of the Business Combination, Bioceres converted into a Delaware limited liability company, Bioceres LLC (“ Bioceres LLC ”), as part of a corporate reorganization of Bioceres;

 

WHEREAS, pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Exchange Agreement and as part of the consideration payable by UAC to Bioceres LLC in the Business Combination, UAC agreed to issue to Bioceres 7,500,000 warrants (the “ Warrants ”) on the terms and conditions set forth herein, where each Warrant entitles the holder thereof to purchase one ordinary share of the Company, par value $0.0001 per share (“ Ordinary Shares ”), to be issued in three (3) tranches: (i) 2,500,000 warrants having a strike price of $11.50 per share (“ Tranche 1 Warrants ”), (ii)  2,500,000 warrants having a strike price of $15.00 (“ Tranche 2 Warrants ”), and (iii) 2,500,000 warrants having a strike price of $18.00 (“ Tranche 3 Warrants ”);

 

WHEREAS, the Company has filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “ SEC ”) a Registration Statement on Form S-4, No. 333-228997 (“ Registration Statement ”), for the registration, under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (“ Act ”) of, among other securities, the Warrants;

 

WHEREAS, the Company desires the Warrant Agent to act on behalf of the Company, and the Warrant Agent is willing to so act, in connection with the issuance, registration, transfer, exchange, and exercise of the Warrants; and

 

WHEREAS, the Company desires to provide for the form and provisions of the Warrants, the terms upon which they shall be issued and exercised, and the respective rights, limitation of rights, and immunities of the Company, the Warrant Agent, and the holders of the Warrants; and

 

WHEREAS, all acts and things have been done and performed which are necessary to make the Warrants, when executed on behalf of the Company and countersigned by or on behalf of the Warrant Agent, as provided herein, the valid, binding, and legal obligations of the Company, and to authorize the execution and delivery of this Agreement.

 

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual agreements herein contained, the parties hereto agree as follows:

 

1.                                       Appointment of Warrant Agent . The Company hereby appoints the Warrant Agent to act as agent for the Company for the Warrants, and the Warrant Agent hereby accepts such appointment and agrees to perform the same in accordance with the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement.

 


 

2.                                       Warrants .

 

2.1.     Form of Warrant . Each Warrant may be issued in registered form in the form of Exhibit A hereto, the provisions of which, to the extent applicable, shall be incorporated herein by reference, and shall be signed by, or bear the facsimile signature of, the Chairman of the Board or Chief Executive Officer and the Treasurer, Secretary, or Assistant Secretary of the Company, and shall bear a facsimile of the Company’s seal. In the event the person whose facsimile signature has been placed upon any Warrant shall have ceased to serve in the capacity in which such person signed the Warrant before such Warrant is issued, it may be issued with the same effect as if he or she had not ceased to be such at the date of issuance.

 

2.2.     Uncertificated Warrants . Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, any Warrant may be issued in uncertificated or book-entry form through the Warrant Agent and/or the facilities of The Depository Trust Company (the “ Depositary ”) or other book-entry depositary system, in each case as determined by the board of directors of the Company or by an authorized committee thereof. Any Warrant so issued shall have the same terms, force and effect as a certificated Warrant that has been duly countersigned by the Warrant Agent in accordance with the terms of this Agreement.

 

2.3.     Effect of Countersignature . Except with respect to uncertificated Warrants as described in Section 2.2 above, unless and until countersigned by the Warrant Agent pursuant to this Agreement, a Warrant shall be invalid and of no effect and may not be exercised by the holder thereof.

 

2.4.          Registration .

 

2.4.1.                   Warrant Register . The Warrant Agent shall maintain books (“ Warrant Register ”) for the registration of original issuance and the registration of transfer of the Warrants. Upon the initial issuance of the Warrants, the Warrant Agent shall issue and register the Warrants in the names of the respective holders thereof in such denominations and otherwise in accordance with instructions delivered to the Warrant Agent by the Company.

 

2.4.2.                   Registered Holder . Prior to and until due presentment for registration of transfer of any Warrant pursuant to Section 5, the Company and the Warrant Agent may deem and treat the person in whose name such Warrant shall be registered upon the Warrant Register (the “ Registered Holder ”) as the absolute owner of such Warrant and of each Warrant represented thereby (notwithstanding any notation of ownership or other writing on the Warrant certificate made by anyone other than the Company or the Warrant Agent), for the purpose of any exercise thereof, and for all other purposes, and neither the Company nor the Warrant Agent shall be affected by any notice to the contrary.

 

3.                                       Terms and Exercise of Warrants

 

3.1.     Warrant Price . Each Warrant, when countersigned by the Warrant Agent, shall entitle the Registered Holder to purchase from the Company one Ordinary Share, at the price of $11.50 per share for the Tranche 1 Warrants, $15.00 per share for the Tranche 2 Warrants, and $18.00 per share for the Tranche 3 Warrants, subject to the adjustments provided in this Section 3.1 and Section 4 (the “ Warrant Price ”)..

 

3.2.     Duration of Warrants . A Warrant may be exercised only during the period (“ Exercise Period ”): (a) commencing (i) if and when the price of the Company’s Ordinary Shares is above $15.00 for any twenty (20) trading days within any thirty (30) trading day period for the Tranche 1 Warrants, (ii) upon their issuance at the consummation of the Business Combination for the Tranche 2 Warrants, (iii) upon their issuance at the consummation of the Business Combination for the Tranche 3 Warrants, and (b) terminating (the “ Expiration Date ”) at 5:00 p.m., New York City time on the date that is five (5) years

 

2


 

from the consummation of a Business Combination; provided , however , that the exercise of any Warrant shall be subject to the satisfaction of any applicable conditions, as set forth in Section 6.4 below. Each Warrant not exercised on or before the Expiration Date shall become void, and all rights thereunder and all rights in respect thereof under this Agreement shall cease at the close of business on the Expiration Date. The Company in its sole discretion may extend the duration of the Warrants by delaying the Expiration Date; provided, however, that the Company will provide at least twenty (20) days’ prior written notice of such extension to Registered Holders of the Warrants, and provided further that any such extension shall be applied consistently to all Registered Holders.

 

3.3.     Exercise of Warrants .

 

3.3.1.                   Payment . Subject to the provisions of the Warrant and this Warrant Agreement, a Warrant, when countersigned by the Warrant Agent, may be exercised on a cashless basis by the Registered Holder by surrendering it at the office of the Warrant Agent (or at the office of its successor as Warrant Agent) in the Borough of Manhattan, City and State of New York, with the subscription form, as set forth in the Warrant, duly executed, and by surrendering such Warrants for that number of Ordinary Shares equal to the quotient obtained by dividing (x) the product of the number of Ordinary Shares underlying the Warrants, multiplied by the difference between the exercise price of the Warrants and the “Fair Market Value” by (y) the Fair Market Value; provided, however, that no cashless exercise shall be permitted unless the Fair Market Value is higher than the exercise price. Solely for purposes of this Section 3.3.1, the “Fair Market Value” shall mean the average reported last sale price of the Ordinary Shares for the five (5) trading days ending on the day prior to the date of exercise.

 

3.3.2.                   Issuance of Certificates . As soon as practicable after the exercise of any Warrant and the clearance of the funds in payment of the Warrant Price (if any), the Company shall issue to the Registered Holder of such Warrant a certificate or certificates for the number of Ordinary Shares to which he, she, or it is entitled, registered in such name or names as may be directed by him, her, or it, and if such Warrant shall not have been exercised in full, a new countersigned Warrant for the number of shares as to which such Warrant shall not have been exercised. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall not be obligated to deliver any Ordinary Shares pursuant to the exercise of a Warrant and shall have no obligation to settle such Warrant exercise unless a registration statement under the Act with respect to the Ordinary Shares underlying the Warrants is then effective and a prospectus relating thereto is current, subject to the Company’s satisfying its obligations under Section 6.4. No Warrant shall be exercisable and the Company shall not be obligated to issue Ordinary Shares upon exercise of a Warrant unless the Ordinary Shares issuable upon such Warrant exercise have been registered, qualified, or deemed to be exempt under the securities laws of the state of residence of the Registered Holder of the Warrants. In no event will the Company be required to net cash settle the Warrant exercise. Warrants may not be exercised by, or securities issued to, any Registered Holder in any state in which such exercise would be unlawful.

 

3.3.3.                   Valid Issuance . All Ordinary Shares issued upon the proper exercise of a Warrant in conformity with this Agreement shall be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable.

 

3.3.4.                   Date of Issuance . Each person in whose name any certificate for Ordinary Shares is issued pursuant to Section 3.3.2 shall for all purposes be deemed to have become the holder of record of such shares on the date on which the Warrant was surrendered and payment of the Warrant Price was made, irrespective of the date of delivery of such certificate, except that, if the date of such surrender and payment is a date when the share transfer books of the Company are closed, such person shall be deemed to have become the holder of such shares at the close of business on the next succeeding date on which the share transfer books are open.

 

3


 

4.               Adjustments .

 

4.1.     Stock Dividends; Split Ups . If after the date hereof, the number of outstanding Ordinary Shares is increased by a stock dividend payable in Ordinary Shares, or by a split up of the Ordinary Shares, or other similar event, then, on the effective date of such event, the number of Ordinary Shares issuable on exercise of each Warrant shall be increased in proportion to such increase in outstanding Ordinary Shares.

 

4.2.     Aggregation of Shares . If after the date hereof, the number of outstanding Ordinary Shares is decreased by a consolidation, combination, reverse share split, reclassification of the Ordinary Shares, or other similar event, then, on the effective date of such event, the number of Ordinary Shares issuable on exercise of each Warrant shall be decreased in proportion to such decrease in outstanding Ordinary Shares.

 

4.3.          Extraordinary Dividends .

 

4.3.1.                   If the Company, at any time while the Warrants are outstanding and unexpired, pays a dividend or makes a distribution in cash, securities, or other assets to the holders of Ordinary Shares on account of such Ordinary Shares (or other shares of the Company’s capital stock into which the Warrants are convertible), other than: (a) as described in subsection 4.1 above, or (b) Ordinary Cash Dividends (as defined below) (any such non-excluded event being referred to herein as an “ Extraordinary Dividend ”), then the Warrant Price shall be decreased, effective immediately after the effective date of such Extraordinary Dividend, by the amount of cash and the fair market value (as determined by the Company’s board of directors, in good faith) of any securities or other assets paid on each Ordinary Share in respect of such Extraordinary Dividend.

 

4.3.2.                   For purposes of this subsection 4.3, “ Ordinary Cash Dividends ” means any cash dividend or cash distribution which, when combined on a per share basis with the per share amounts of all other cash dividends and cash distributions paid on the Ordinary Shares during the 365-day period ending on the date of declaration of such dividend or distribution (as adjusted to appropriately reflect any of the events referred to in other subsections of this Section 4 and excluding cash dividends or cash distributions that resulted in an adjustment to the Warrant Price or to the number of Ordinary Shares issuable on exercise of each Warrant) does not exceed $0.50.

 

4.3.3.                   Solely for purposes of illustration, if the Company, at a time while the Warrants are outstanding and unexpired, pays a cash dividend of $0.35 and previously paid an aggregate of $0.40 of cash dividends and cash distributions on the Ordinary Shares during the 365-day period ending on the date of declaration of such $0.35 dividend, then the Warrant Price will be decreased, effectively immediately after the effective date of such $0.35 dividend, by $0.25, which is the absolute value of the difference between $0.75 (the aggregate amount of all cash dividends and cash distributions paid or made in such 365-day period, including such $0.35 dividend) and $0.50 (the greater of (x) $0.50 and (y) the aggregate amount of all cash dividends and cash distributions paid or made in such 365-day period prior to such $0.35 dividend)).

 

4.4.     Adjustments in Exercise Price . Whenever the number of Ordinary Shares purchasable upon the exercise of the Warrants is adjusted, as provided in Sections 4.1 and 4.2 above, the Warrant Price shall be adjusted (to the nearest cent) by multiplying such Warrant Price immediately prior to such adjustment by a fraction (x) the numerator of which shall be the number of Ordinary Shares purchasable upon the exercise of the Warrants immediately prior to such adjustment, and (y) the denominator of which shall be the number of Ordinary Shares so purchasable immediately thereafter.

 

4


 

4.5.     Replacement of Securities upon Reorganization, etc . In case of any reclassification or reorganization of the outstanding Ordinary Shares (other than a change under subsections 4.1, 4.2, or 4.3 hereof or that solely affects the par value of such Ordinary Shares), or any merger or consolidation of the Company with or into another corporation (other than a consolidation or merger in which the Company is the continuing corporation and that does not result in any reclassification or reorganization of the outstanding Ordinary Shares), or any sale or conveyance to another corporation or entity of the assets or other property of the Company as an entirety or substantially as an entirety in connection with which the Company is dissolved, the holders of the Warrants shall thereafter have the right to purchase and receive, upon the basis and upon the terms and conditions specified in the Warrants and in lieu of the Ordinary Shares of the Company immediately theretofore purchasable and receivable upon the exercise of the rights represented thereby, the kind and amount of shares of stock or other securities or property (including cash) receivable upon such reclassification, reorganization, merger, or consolidation, or upon a dissolution following any such sale or transfer, that the holder of the Warrants would have received if such holder had exercised his, her, or its Warrant(s) immediately prior to such event; and if any reclassification also results in a change in the Ordinary Shares covered by Sections 4.1, 4.2, or 4.3, then such adjustment shall be made pursuant to such Section and pursuant to this Section 4.5. The provisions of this Section 4.5 shall similarly apply to successive reclassifications, reorganizations, mergers, consolidations, sales, or other transfers.

 

4.6.     Notices of Changes in Warrant . Upon every adjustment of the Warrant Price or the number of shares issuable upon exercise of a Warrant, the Company shall give written notice thereof to the Warrant Agent, which notice shall state the Warrant Price resulting from such adjustment and the increase or decrease, if any, in the number of shares purchasable at such price upon the exercise of a Warrant, and shall set forth in reasonable detail the method of calculation and the facts upon which such calculation is based. Upon the occurrence of any event specified in Sections 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4 or 4.5, then, in any such event, the Company shall give written notice of the occurrence of such event to each Registered Holder, at the last address set forth for such holder in the Warrant Register, of the record date or the effective date of the event. Failure to give such notice, or any defect therein, shall not affect the legality or validity of such event.

 

4.7.     No Fractional Warrants or Shares . No fractional Warrants will be issued hereunder. Additionally, notwithstanding any provision contained in this Warrant Agreement to the contrary, the Company shall not issue fractional shares upon exercise of Warrants. If, by reason of any adjustment made pursuant to this Section 4, the holder of any Warrant would be entitled, upon the exercise of such Warrant, to receive a fractional interest in a share, the Company shall, upon such exercise, round up to the nearest whole number the number of the Ordinary Shares to be issued to the Warrant holder.

 

4.8.     Form of Warrant . The form of Warrant need not be changed because of any adjustment pursuant to this Section 4, and Warrants issued after such adjustment may state the same Warrant Price and the same number of shares as is stated in the Warrants initially issued pursuant to this Agreement; provided , however , that the Company may at any time in its sole discretion make any change in the form of Warrant that the Company may deem appropriate and that does not affect the substance thereof, and any Warrant thereafter issued or countersigned, whether in exchange or substitution for an outstanding Warrant or otherwise, may be in the form as so changed.

 

4.9.     Other Events . In case any event shall occur affecting the Company as to which none of the provisions of preceding subsections of this Section 4 are strictly applicable, but which would require an adjustment to the terms of the Warrants in order to avoid an adverse impact on the Warrants and effectuate the intent and purpose of this Section 4, then, in each such case, the Company shall appoint a firm of independent public accountants, investment banking, or other appraisal firm of recognized national standing, which shall give its opinion as to whether any adjustment to the rights represented by

 

5


 

the Warrants is necessary to effectuate the intent and purpose of this Section 4 and, if such firm determines that an adjustment is necessary, the terms of such adjustment. The Company shall adjust the terms of the Warrants in a manner that is consistent with any adjustment recommended in such opinion.

 

5.               Transfer and Exchange of Warrants .

 

5.1.     Registration of Transfer . From time to time, a Registered Holder may submit to the Warrant Agent a written request for exchange or transfer of a Warrant, together with the surrender of the Warrant, properly endorsed with signatures, properly guaranteed, and accompanied by appropriate instructions for transfer. Thereupon, the Warrant Agent shall register the transfer upon the Warrant Register, shall issue a new Warrant representing an equal aggregate number of Warrants, and shall cancel the old Warrant. However, in the event that a Warrant surrendered for transfer bears a restrictive legend, the Warrant Agent shall not cancel such Warrant or issue new Warrants in exchange therefor until the Warrant Agent has received an opinion of counsel for the Company stating that such transfer may be made and indicating whether the new Warrants must also bear a restrictive legend. The Warrant Agent shall deliver cancelled Warrants to the Company from time to time upon request.

 

5.2.     Fractional Warrants . The Warrant Agent shall not be required to effect any registration of transfer or exchange which will result in the issuance of a warrant certificate for a fraction of a Warrant.

 

5.3.     Service Charges . No service charge shall be made for any exchange or registration of transfer of Warrants.

 

5.4.     Warrant Execution and Countersignature . The Warrant Agent is hereby authorized to countersign and to deliver, in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, the Warrants required to be issued pursuant to the provisions of this Section 5, and the Company, whenever required by the Warrant Agent, will supply the Warrant Agent with Warrants duly executed on behalf of the Company for such purpose.

 

6.               Other Provisions Relating to Rights of Holders of Warrants .

 

6.1.     No Rights as Shareholder . A Warrant does not entitle the Registered Holder to any of the rights of a shareholder of the Company, including, without limitation, the right to receive dividends or other distributions, exercise any preemptive rights, to vote, to consent, or to receive notice as shareholders in respect of the meetings of shareholders or the election of directors of the Company or any other matter.

 

6.2.     Lost, Stolen, Mutilated, or Destroyed Warrants . If any Warrant is lost, stolen, mutilated, or destroyed, the Company and the Warrant Agent may on such terms as to indemnity or otherwise as they may in their discretion impose (which shall, in the case of a mutilated Warrant, include the surrender thereof), issue a new Warrant of like denomination, tenor, and date as the Warrant so lost, stolen, mutilated, or destroyed. Any such new Warrant shall constitute a substitute contractual obligation of the Company, whether or not the allegedly lost, stolen, mutilated, or destroyed Warrant shall be at any time enforceable by anyone.

 

6.3.     Reservation of Ordinary Shares . The Company shall at all times reserve and keep available a number of its authorized but unissued Ordinary Shares that will be sufficient to permit the exercise in full of all outstanding Warrants issued and issuable pursuant to this Agreement.

 

6.4.          Registration of Ordinary Shares .

 

6.4.1.                   The Company agrees that as soon as practicable after the closing of its initial Business Combination it shall use its best efforts to file with the SEC a post-effective amendment to the

 

6


 

Registration Statement, or a new registration statement, for the registration under the Act of the Ordinary Shares issuable upon exercise of the Warrants, and it shall use its best efforts to take such action as is necessary to register or qualify for sale, in those states in which the Warrants were initially offered by the Company and in those states where the Registered Holders of the Warrants then reside, the Ordinary Shares issuable upon exercise of the Warrants. In either case, the Company will use its best efforts to cause the same to become effective and to maintain the effectiveness of such registration statement until the expiration of the Warrants in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement.

 

6.4.2.                   If any such post-effective amendment or registration statement has not been declared effective by the ninety (90)-day anniversary following the closing of the Business Combination, holders of the Warrants shall have the right, during the period beginning on the ninety-first day after the closing of the Business Combination and ending upon such post-effective amendment or registration statement being declared effective by the SEC, and during any other period after such date of effectiveness when the Company shall fail to have maintained an effective registration statement covering the Ordinary Shares issuable upon exercise of the Warrants, to exercise such Warrants in accordance with Section 3.3.1. The Company shall provide the Warrant Agent with an opinion of counsel for the Company (which shall be an outside law firm with securities law experience) stating that (i) the issuance of Ordinary Shares upon exercise of the Warrants on a cashless basis in accordance with this Section 6.4 is not required to be registered under the Act and (ii) the Ordinary Shares issued upon such exercise will be freely tradable under U.S. federal securities laws by anyone who is not an affiliate (as such term is defined in Rule 144 under the Act) of the Company and, accordingly, will not be required to bear a restrictive legend. For the avoidance of any doubt, unless and until all of the Warrants have been exercised, the Company shall continue to be obligated to comply with its registration obligations under Section 6.4.1.

 

7.               Concerning the Warrant Agent and Other Matters .

 

7.1.     Payment of Taxes . The Company will from time to time promptly pay all taxes and charges that may be imposed upon the Company or the Warrant Agent in respect of the issuance or delivery of Ordinary Shares upon the exercise of Warrants, but the Company shall not be obligated to pay any transfer taxes in respect of the Warrants or such shares.

 

7.2.          Resignation, Consolidation, or Merger of Warrant Agent .

 

7.2.1.                   Appointment of Successor Warrant Agent . The Warrant Agent, or any successor to it hereafter appointed, may resign its duties and be discharged from all further duties and liabilities hereunder after giving sixty (60) days’ notice in writing to the Company. If the office of the Warrant Agent becomes vacant by resignation or incapacity to act or otherwise, the Company shall appoint in writing a successor Warrant Agent in place of the Warrant Agent. If the Company shall fail to make such appointment within a period of thirty (30) days after it has been notified in writing of such resignation or incapacity by the Warrant Agent or by the Registered Holder of the Warrant (who shall, with such notice, submit his Warrant for inspection by the Company), then the Registered Holder of any Warrant may apply to the Supreme Court of the State of New York for the County of New York for the appointment of a successor Warrant Agent at the Company’s cost. Any successor Warrant Agent, whether appointed by the Company or by such court, shall be a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the State of New York, in good standing and having its principal office in the Borough of Manhattan, City and State of New York, and authorized under such laws to exercise corporate trust powers and subject to supervision or examination by federal or state authority. After appointment, any successor Warrant Agent shall be vested with all the authority, powers, rights, immunities, duties, and obligations of its predecessor Warrant Agent with like effect as if originally named as Warrant Agent hereunder, without any further act or deed; but if for any reason it becomes necessary or appropriate, the predecessor Warrant Agent shall execute and deliver, at the expense of the Company, an instrument transferring to such successor Warrant

 

7


 

Agent all the authority, powers, and rights of such predecessor Warrant Agent hereunder; and upon request of any successor Warrant Agent, the Company shall make, execute, acknowledge, and deliver any and all instruments in writing for more fully and effectually vesting in and confirming to such successor Warrant Agent all such authority, powers, rights, immunities, duties, and obligations.

 

7.2.2.                   Notice of Successor Warrant Agent . In the event a successor Warrant Agent shall be appointed, the Company shall give notice thereof to the predecessor Warrant Agent, the Registered Holders, and the transfer agent for the Ordinary Shares not later than the effective date of any such appointment.

 

7.2.3.                   Merger or Consolidation of Warrant Agent . Any corporation into which the Warrant Agent may be merged or with which it may be consolidated or any corporation resulting from any merger or consolidation to which the Warrant Agent shall be a party shall be the successor Warrant Agent under this Agreement without any further act.

 

7.3.          Fees and Expenses of Warrant Agent .

 

7.3.1.                   Remuneration . The Company agrees to pay the Warrant Agent the fees set forth on Exhibit B for its services as Warrant Agent hereunder and will reimburse the Warrant Agent upon demand for all expenditures that the Warrant Agent may reasonably incur in the execution of its duties hereunder.

 

7.3.2.                   Further Assurances . The Company agrees to perform, execute, acknowledge, and deliver or cause to be performed, executed, acknowledged, and delivered all such further and other acts, instruments, and assurances as may reasonably be required by the Warrant Agent for the carrying out or performing of the provisions of this Agreement.

 

7.4.          Liability of Warrant Agent .

 

7.4.1.                   Reliance on Company Statement . Whenever in the performance of its duties under this Warrant Agreement the Warrant Agent shall deem it necessary or desirable that any fact or matter be proved or established by the Company prior to taking or suffering any action hereunder, such fact or matter (unless other evidence in respect thereof be herein specifically prescribed) may be deemed to be conclusively proved and established by a statement signed by the Chief Executive Officer or Chairman of the Board of the Company and delivered to the Warrant Agent. The Warrant Agent may rely upon such statement for any action taken or suffered in good faith by it pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement.

 

7.4.2.                   Indemnity . The Warrant Agent shall be liable hereunder only for its own gross negligence, willful misconduct, or bad faith. The Company agrees to indemnify the Warrant Agent and save it harmless against any and all liabilities, including judgments, costs, and reasonable counsel fees, for anything done or omitted by the Warrant Agent in the execution of this Agreement except as a result of the Warrant Agent’s gross negligence, willful misconduct, or bad faith.

 

7.4.3.                   Exclusions . The Warrant Agent shall have no responsibility with respect to the validity of this Agreement or with respect to the validity or execution of any Warrant (except its countersignature thereof); nor shall it be responsible for any breach by the Company of any covenant or condition contained in this Agreement or in any Warrant; nor shall it be responsible to make any adjustments required under the provisions of Section 4 or for the manner, method, or amount of any such adjustment or the ascertaining of the existence of facts that would require any such adjustment; nor shall it by any act hereunder be deemed to make any representation or warranty as to the authorization or reservation of any

 

8


 

Ordinary Shares to be issued pursuant to this Agreement or any Warrant or as to whether any Ordinary Shares will when issued be valid and fully paid and nonassessable.

 

7.5.     Acceptance of Agency . The Warrant Agent hereby accepts the agency established by this Agreement and agrees to perform the same upon the terms and conditions herein set forth and, among other things, shall account promptly to the Company with respect to Warrants exercised and concurrently account for and pay to the Company all moneys received by the Warrant Agent for the purchase of Ordinary Shares through the exercise of Warrants.

 

7.6.     Trust Account Waiver . The Warrant Agent hereby waives any right of set-off or any other right, title, interest, or claim of any kind (“ Claim ”) in or to any distribution of the Trust Account (as defined in that certain Investment Management Trust Agreement, dated as of the date hereof, by and between the Company and the Warrant Agent as trustee thereunder) and hereby agrees not to seek recourse, reimbursement, payment, or satisfaction for any Claim against the Trust Account for any reason whatsoever.

 

8.               Miscellaneous Provisions .

 

8.1.     Successors . All the covenants and provisions of this Agreement by or for the benefit of the Company or the Warrant Agent shall bind and inure to the benefit of their respective successors and assigns.

 

8.2.     Notices . Any notice, statement, or demand authorized by this Warrant Agreement to be given or made shall be sufficiently given when so delivered if by hand or overnight delivery or if sent by certified mail or private courier service within five days after deposit of such notice, postage prepaid, addressed, until another address is filed in writing), as follows:

 

 

 

 

To the Company:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Bioceres Crop Solutions Corp.

 

 

Ocampo 210 bis

 

 

Predio CCT, Rosario, Sta. Fe, ARG.

 

 

Attn: Gloria Montaron Estrada, General Counsel

 

 

 

To the Warrant Agent:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company

 

 

1 State Street, 30 th Floor

 

 

New York, New York 10004

 

 

Attn: Compliance Department

 

 

 

with a copy in each case to:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Linklaters LLP

 

 

1345 Avenue of the Americas

 

 

New York, New York 10105

 

 

Attn: Matthew Poulter, Esq.

 

8.3.     Applicable Law . The validity, interpretation, and performance of this Agreement and of the Warrants shall be governed in all respects by the laws of the State of New York, without giving effect to conflicts of law principles that would result in the application of the substantive laws of another

 

9


 

jurisdiction. The parties agree that any action, proceeding, or claim arising out of or relating in any way to this Agreement shall be brought and enforced in the courts of the State of New York or the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, and each irrevocably submits to such jurisdiction, which jurisdiction shall be exclusive. The parties hereby waive any objection to such exclusive jurisdiction and that such courts represent an inconvenience forum. Any such process or summons to be served upon the parties may be served by transmitting a copy thereof by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, addressed to it at the address set forth in Section 8.2 hereof. Such mailing shall be deemed personal service and shall be legal and binding upon the parties in any action, proceeding, or claim.

 

8.4.     Persons Having Rights under this Agreement . Nothing in this Agreement expressed and nothing that may be implied from any of the provisions hereof is intended, or shall be construed, to confer upon or give to any person or corporation other than: (a) the parties hereto, and (b) the Registered Holders of the Warrants. The Registered Holders of the Warrants shall be deemed to be third party beneficiaries of this Warrant Agreement. All covenants, conditions, stipulations, promises, and agreements contained in this Warrant Agreement shall be for the sole and exclusive benefit of the parties hereto (and the intended third party beneficiaries hereof) and their successors and assigns.

 

8.5.     Examination of the Warrant Agreement . A copy of this Agreement shall be available at all reasonable times at the office of the Warrant Agent in the Borough of Manhattan, City and State of New York, for inspection by the Registered Holder of any Warrant. The Warrant Agent may require any such holder to submit his Warrant for inspection by it.

 

8.6.     Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed in any number of original or facsimile counterparts and each of such counterparts shall for all purposes be deemed to be an original, and all such counterparts shall together constitute but one and the same instrument.

 

8.7.     Effect of Headings . The section headings herein are for convenience only and are not part of this Warrant Agreement and shall not affect the interpretation thereof.

 

8.8.     Amendments . This Agreement may be amended by the parties hereto without the written consent of any Registered Holder for the purpose of curing any ambiguity, or of curing, correcting, or supplementing any defective provision contained herein or adding or changing any other provisions with respect to matters or questions arising under this Agreement as the parties may deem necessary or desirable and that the parties deem shall not adversely affect the interest of the registered holders. All other modifications or amendments, including any amendment to increase the Warrant Price or shorten the Exercise Period, shall require the written consent or vote of the Registered Holders of a majority of the then -outstanding Warrants. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company may lower the Warrant Price or extend the duration of the Exercise Period pursuant to Sections 3.1 and 3.2, respectively, without the written consent of the Registered Holders.

 

8.9.     Severability . This Warrant Agreement shall be deemed severable, and the invalidity or unenforceability of any term or provision hereof shall not affect the validity or enforceability of this Warrant Agreement or of any other term or provision hereof. Furthermore, in lieu of any such invalid or unenforceable term or provision, the parties hereto intend that there shall be added as a part of this Warrant Agreement a provision as similar in terms to such invalid or unenforceable provision as may be possible and be valid and enforceable.

 

10


 

[ Signature Page Follows ]

 

11


 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Agreement has been duly executed by the parties hereto as of the day and year first above written.

 

 

BIOCERES CROP SOLUTIONS CORP.

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Federico Trucco

 

 

Name: Federico Trucco

 

 

Title: Chief Executive Officer

 

 

 

CONTINENTAL STOCK TRANSFER & TRUST COMPANY

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Ana Gois

 

 

Name: Ana Gois

 

 

Title: Vice President

 

[ Signature Page to Warrant Agreement ]

 


 

Exhibit A

 

Form of Warrant

 


 

Exhibit B

 

Review and Set Up Fee: $3500.00

Monthly Fee: $200.00

Exercise Fee: $30.00 per

 

14


Exhibit 4.9

 

ESCROW AGREEMENT

 

This ESCROW AGREEMENT (this “ Agreement ”) is made and entered into as of March 14, 2019, by and among: (i)  UNION ACQUISTION CORP. , an exempted company incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands, which will be known after the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Share Exchange Agreement (as defined herein) as “Bioceres Crop Solutions Corp.” (including any successor entity thereto, “ Union ”), solely in respect of its obligations under Section 13 of this Agreement (ii)  Joseph J. Schena , in the capacity as the Union Representative under the Share Exchange Agreement (as defined herein) (including any successor Union Representative appointed pursuant to and in accordance therewith, the “ Union Representative ); (iii)  BIOCERES S.A. ,  a sociedad anónima formed under the laws of the Republic of Argentina (“ Parent ”); (iv)  BIOCERES LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“ Bioceres ”); and (v)  Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company , as escrow agent (the “ Escrow Agent ”).  Capitalized terms used herein but not otherwise defined herein shall have the meaning given to such terms in the Share Exchange Agreement.

 

WHEREAS, on November 8, 2018, Union, the Union Representative and Bioceres entered into that certain Share Exchange Agreement (as amended from time to time in accordance with the terms thereof, the “ Share Exchange Agreement ”), pursuant to which, subject to the terms and conditions thereof, Union will (i) acquire from Parent all of Parent’s equity interest in Bioceres Semillas S.A., representing 87.2739% of the issued and outstanding capital stock of Bioceres Semillas S.A. and (ii) acquire from Bioceres all of Bioceres’ issued and outstanding equity interests of New Bioceres, Inc., representing 100% of New Bioceres, Inc. in exchange for (A) newly issued Union Ordinary Shares, subject to the withholding of the Escrow Shares (as defined below) being deposited into the Escrow Account (as defined below) in accordance with the terms and conditions of the Share Exchange Agreement and this Agreement and (B) the Union Warrants;

 

WHEREAS, pursuant to the Share Exchange Agreement, Union and its Affiliates (other than Bioceres and Parent) and their respective Representatives, successors and assigns, as the case may be (the “ Union Indemnified Parties ”) are entitled to be indemnified in certain respects, jointly and severally, by Bioceres and Parent;

 

WHEREAS, in accordance with the Share Exchange Agreement and this Agreement, at the Closing, Union shall issue to the Escrow Agent five percent (5%) of the Exchange Shares (together with any equity securities paid as dividends or distributions with respect to such shares or into which such shares are exchanged or converted, the “ Escrow Shares ”) to be held, along with any other Escrow Property (as defined below), by the Escrow Agent in a segregated escrow account (the “ Escrow Account ”, and as reduced by any disbursements of such Escrow Shares from the Escrow Account by the Escrow Agent in accordance with the terms of this Agreement and the Share Exchange Agreement, the “ Escrow Property ”) and disbursed therefrom in accordance with the terms of this Agreement and Section 2.4 of the Share Exchange Agreement;

 

WHEREAS, pursuant to the Share Exchange Agreement, the Union Representative has been exclusively designated to act on behalf of Union to take all necessary actions and make all decisions pursuant to this Agreement; and

 


 

WHEREAS, the Escrow Agent is willing to administer the escrow under the terms and conditions of this Agreement.

 

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing premises and of the mutual covenants and agreements contained herein, the parties hereto hereby agree as follows:

 

Section 1.                                            Appointment .  Bioceres and the Union Representative hereby appoint the Escrow Agent as their escrow agent for the purposes set forth herein, and the Escrow Agent hereby agrees to perform the duties of their escrow agent under this Agreement.  The escrow services to be rendered by the Escrow Agent under this Agreement will not begin until the Escrow Agent has received the documentation necessary to establish the Escrow Account on its books and has received the Escrow Shares in accordance with this Agreement.

 

Section 2.                                            Delivery of Escrow Shares .  Pursuant to Section 2.1(c)  of the Share Exchange Agreement, on the Closing Date, Union shall, in cooperation with the Escrow Agent and Union’s transfer agent, transfer the Escrow Shares to the Escrow Agent in book entry form.

 

Section 3.                                            Maintenance of the Escrow Shares and other Escrow Property . During the term of this Agreement, the Escrow Agent shall hold the Escrow Property in the Escrow Account and shall not sell, transfer, dispose of, lend or otherwise subject to a Lien any of the Escrow Property except until and to the extent that they are disbursed in accordance with Section 4 .  Except as Bioceres and the Union Representative may otherwise agree in joint written instructions executed and delivered to the Escrow Agent, no part of the Escrow Property may be withdrawn except as expressly provided in this Agreement.  While the Escrow Shares are held in the Escrow Account, Bioceres shall have the right to vote the Escrow Shares.

 

Section 4.                                            Delivery of the Escrow Property .  The Escrow Agent shall hold the Escrow Property and shall deliver the Escrow Property to either Union or Bioceres, as applicable, in accordance with the following procedures:

 

(a)                                  At any time and from time to time after the date hereof but no later than the Escrow Release Date, the Union Representative may assert a claim for indemnification on behalf of a Union Indemnified Party pursuant to the Share Exchange Agreement (an “ Indemnification Claim ”) by providing prompt written notice (as the same may be amended or modified as set forth herein, “ Claim Notice ”) of such claim to Bioceres and the Escrow Agent, which Claim Notice shall describe in reasonable detail the facts known to the Union Indemnified Party giving rise to such Indemnification Claim and the amount or good faith estimate of the amount arising therefrom (the “ Claim Amount ”). The Union Representative may, at any time supplement an outstanding Claim Notice, including by way of establishing, increasing or reducing the Claim Amount with respect thereto, by delivering such supplement to the Escrow Agent, with a contemporaneous copy to Bioceres.

 

(b)                                  Unless Bioceres (on behalf of itself and Parent, as applicable) provides to the Union Representative and the Escrow Agent a written notice objecting to such Indemnification Claim (an “ Objection Notice ”), which Objection Notice shall provide a description, in reasonable detail, of the facts upon which such objection is based, by 11:59 p.m. New York City time on the thirtieth (30th) day after the date of delivery of the Claim Notice (the

 


 

date of the delivery of the Claim Notice through such time, the “ Objection Period ”), Bioceres and/or Parent, as applicable, will be deemed to have accepted responsibility for the Losses set forth in such Claim Notice and will have no further right to contest the validity of such Claim Notice, and the Escrow Agent shall promptly (in any event within five (5) Business Days) after the expiration of the Objection Period disburse to Union Escrow Property from the Escrow Account in an amount equal to the Claim Amount. If Bioceres provides an Objection Notice during the Objection Period that disputes only a portion of the Claim Amount, the Escrow Agent shall promptly (in any event within five (5) Business Days) after the expiration of the Objection Period disburse to Union Escrow Property from the Escrow Account in an amount equal to the undisputed portion of the Claim Amount. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if during the Objection Period, Bioceres provides affirmative written instructions to the Escrow Agent to release Escrow Property from the Escrow Account in an amount equal to the Claim Amount or undisputed portion of the Claim Amount, as applicable, the Escrow Agent shall promptly (in any event within five (5) Business Days) after the Escrow Agent’s receipt of such instructions from Bioceres, disburse to Union such Escrow Property from the Escrow Account as instructed.

 

(c)                                   If Bioceres timely disputes an Indemnification Claim by providing an Objection Notice to the Union Representative and the Escrow Agent during the Objection Period, the Escrow Agent shall not distribute to Bioceres any portion of the Escrow Property with respect to the disputed portion of the Claim Amount, until receipt of (i) joint written instructions executed and delivered by Bioceres and the Union Representative stating that the dispute has been resolved and that Union Indemnified Party has the right to the Claim Amount (or some portion thereof) (“ Joint Instructions ”) or (ii) a copy of an arbitration award or a court order from a court of competent jurisdiction establishing the Union Indemnified Party’s right to the Claim Amount (or some portion thereof) pursuant to the Share Exchange Agreement (a “ Binding Award ”).  Upon receipt of such Joint Instructions or Binding Award, the Escrow Agent shall, without further action on the part of Bioceres or the Union Representative, promptly (in any event within five (5) Business Days) disburse to Union the Escrow Property from the Escrow Account in the amount set forth in the Joint Instructions or the Binding Award, as applicable.

 

(d)                                  Payments from the Escrow Account with respect to any Indemnification Claims shall first be paid with the Escrow Shares and then with any remaining property in the Escrow Account. For any Escrow Shares to be disbursed with respect to Indemnification Claims, the Escrow Shares shall be valued as of the date that an Indemnification Claim is finally determined in accordance with the Share Exchange Agreement and this Agreement (the “ Resolution Date ”).  For the avoidance of doubt, the Resolution Date shall be (i) if no Objection Notice is delivered by Bioceres during the Objection Period, the thirty-first (31) day after the date that the Claim Notice is delivered; (ii) if prior to the date described in clause (i) above, Bioceres provides affirmative written instructions to the Escrow Agent to release the Escrow Property for the amount set forth in the Claim Notice, the date that the Escrow Agent receives such written instructions; (iii) if Bioceres provides an Objection Notice during the Objection Period that disputes only a portion of the Claim Amount with respect to the undisputed portion of such Claim Amount, the date that the Escrow Agent receives such Objection Notice and (iv) with respect to any disputed Claim Amount, either the date that the Escrow Agent receives Joint Instructions or a Binding Award.

 


 

(e)                                   With respect to any Indemnification Claims made in accordance with the Share Exchange Agreement and this Agreement on or prior to the Escrow Release Date that remain unresolved at the time of the Escrow Release Date (“ Pending Claims ”), all or a portion of the Escrow Property reasonably necessary to satisfy such Pending Claims (as determined based on (i) the Claim Amount included in the Claim Notice (as it may be adjusted) provided by the Union Representative and (ii) the value of the Escrow Shares as of the Escrow Release Date), shall remain in the Escrow Account until such Pending Claim has been finally resolved pursuant to the provisions of the Share Exchange Agreement and this Agreement. After the Escrow Release Date, any Escrow Property remaining in the Escrow Account that is not subject to Pending Claims, if any, and not subject to resolved but unpaid claims in favor of an Indemnified Party, shall be disbursed by the Escrow Agent to Bioceres. Promptly after the final resolution of all Pending Claims and the payment of all indemnification obligations in connection therewith, the Escrow Agent shall disburse any Escrow Property remaining in the Escrow Account to Bioceres.

 

(f)                                    Notwithstanding the foregoing, (i) the Escrow Property shall be distributed and released pursuant to Joint Instructions to pay a specified amount to Union to cover the costs and expenses of any defense and any payment in respect of any settlement of any Proceeding that is subject to an Indemnification Claim that is assumed by the Union Representative (on behalf of Union) pursuant to Section 9.3 of the Share Exchange Agreement and (ii) all interest, earnings or income, if any, earned with respect to the Escrow Property while held by the Escrow Agent shall be distributed to Bioceres by the Escrow Agent within ten (10) days of the end of each calendar quarter.

 

(g)                                   Any amount of Escrow Property required to be transferred to any Person pursuant to this Section 4 shall be transferred by the Escrow Agent pursuant to such delivery instructions as provided by the Union Representative or Bioceres.  The Escrow Agent shall rely exclusively on instructions provided by Union Representative and Bioceres as to the amount and recipient of any distribution of Escrow Property pursuant to this Section 4 , or the relevant order of any court of competent jurisdiction or other award granted pursuant to other binding legal process (including any binding arbitration).  The Escrow Agent has no duty or responsibility to calculate any distribution or to confirm the accuracy of any distribution amount so instructed.

 

Section 5.                                            Tax Matters .  Union, the Union Representative and Bioceres agree and acknowledge that, for all U.S. and foreign tax purposes, except as required by applicable Law, Bioceres shall be treated as the owner of the Escrow Property while held in the Escrow Account and until released to Bioceres, and all interest, earnings or income, if any, earned with respect to the Escrow Property while held by the Escrow Agent shall be treated as earned by Bioceres and shall be distributed in accordance with Section 4(f) hereof.  The Escrow Agent shall have the right to deduct and withhold taxes from any payments to be made hereunder if such withholding is required by law and to request and receive any necessary tax forms from the applicable recipient of the Escrow Property.

 

Section 6.                                            Duties .  The Escrow Agent’s duties are entirely ministerial and not discretionary, and the Escrow Agent will be under no duty or obligation to do or to omit the doing of any action with respect to the Escrow Property, except to give notice, provide monthly reports, make disbursements, keep an accurate record of all transactions with respect to the

 


 

Escrow Property, hold the Escrow Property in accordance with the terms of this Agreement and to comply with any other duties expressly set forth in this Agreement.  The Escrow Agent shall not have any interest in the Escrow Property but shall serve as escrow holder only and have only possession thereof.  Nothing contained herein shall be construed to create any obligation or liability whatsoever on the part of the Escrow Agent to anyone other than the parties to this Agreement.  There are no third party beneficiaries to this Agreement.

 

Section 7.                                            Determination of the Value of the Escrow Shares . In the event that the Escrow Agent has any question as to the value of the Escrow Shares, Bioceres and the Union Representative shall cooperate to promptly provide the Escrow Agent with their good faith determination of the value of the Escrow Shares pursuant to Joint Instructions or a Binding Award (and in the event of any dispute as to the value of the Escrow Shares, the Escrow Agent shall not disburse the applicable Escrow Property until such dispute has been resolved).

 

Section 8.                                            Monthly Reports Upon Request .  The Escrow Agent shall provide monthly account statements to the Union Representative and Bioceres with respect to the Escrow Account.  The Union Representative and Bioceres have one hundred twenty (120) days to object in writing to such reports.  If no written notice detailing a party’s objections has been received by the Escrow Agent within this period, an acceptance of such reports shall be deemed to have occurred.

 

Section 9.                                            Authorized Parties; Reliance .  The parties hereby acknowledge that the Union Representative has the sole and exclusive authorization to act on behalf of Union under this Agreement.  The Union Representative and Bioceres agree to provide, on Exhibit A (as it may be amended from time to time) to this Agreement, the names and specimen signatures of those persons who are authorized to issue notices and instructions to the Escrow Agent and execute required documents under this Agreement.  The Escrow Agent may rely and shall be protected in acting or refraining from acting upon any written notice, instruction or request furnished to it hereunder and believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper party or parties.  The Escrow Agent is entitled to rely on, and shall be fully protected in relying on, the instructions and notices from any one of the authorized signers, as identified on the attached Exhibit A (as it may be amended from time to time) to this Agreement, from each of the Union Representative and Bioceres, either acting alone, until such time as their authority is revoked in writing, or until successors have been appointed and identified by notice in the manner described in Section 15 below.

 

Section 10.                                     Good Faith .  The Escrow Agent shall not be liable for any action taken by it in good faith and reasonably believed by it to be authorized or within the rights or powers conferred upon it by this Agreement and may consult with counsel of its own choice and shall have full and complete authorization and protection for any action taken or suffered by it hereunder in good faith and in accordance with the opinion of such counsel.

 

Section 11.                                     Right to Resign .  The Escrow Agent may resign and be discharged from its duties or obligations hereunder by giving such notice in writing of such resignation specifying a date when such resignation shall take effect, which shall be a date not less than sixty (60) days after the date of the notice of such resignation.  Similarly, the Escrow Agent may be removed and replaced following the giving of thirty (30) days’ notice to the Escrow Agent by all of the

 


 

other parties hereto.  In either event, the Union Representative and Bioceres shall agree upon a successor escrow agent.  If the Union Representative and Bioceres are unable to agree upon a successor or shall have failed to appoint a successor prior to the expiration of sixty (60) days following the date of resignation or thirty (30) days following the date of removal, the then-acting escrow agent may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor escrow agent or otherwise appropriate relief, and any such resulting appointment shall be binding upon all of the parties hereto.  Any successor escrow agent shall execute and deliver to the predecessor escrow agent, the Union Representative and Bioceres an instrument accepting such appointment and the transfer of the Escrow Property and agreeing to the terms of this Agreement.

 

Section 12.                                     Compensation .  The Escrow Agent shall be entitled to receive the fees as set forth on Exhibit B for the services to be rendered hereunder, and to be paid or reimbursed for all reasonable documented out-of-pocket expenses, disbursements and advances, including reasonable documented out-of-pocket attorneys’ fees, incurred or paid in connection with carrying out its duties hereunder, such amounts to be paid by Union.

 

Section 13.                                     Indemnification .  Each of Bioceres and Union hereby agrees to jointly and severally indemnify the Escrow Agent for, and to hold it harmless against any loss, liability or expense incurred without gross negligence or willful misconduct on the part of the Escrow Agent, arising out of or in connection with its entering into this Agreement and carrying out its duties hereunder.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, as between Bioceres and Union, each of Bioceres and Union, between themselves, shall be responsible for one-half (1/2) of such indemnification obligations, and each of Bioceres and the Union Representative shall have the right to seek contribution from Bioceres or Union, as applicable, to the extent that it pays for more than one-half (1/2) of such indemnification obligations.

 

Section 14.                                     Disputes .  If a controversy arises between the parties hereto as to whether or not or to whom the Escrow Agent shall transfer all or any portion of the Escrow Property or as to any other matter arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the Escrow Property, the Escrow Agent shall not be required to determine the same, shall not make any transfer of and shall retain the Escrow Property in dispute without liability to anyone until the rights of the parties to the dispute shall have finally been determined by mutual written agreement of Bioceres and the Union Representative, or by a final non-appealable judgment or order of any state or federal court located in New York County, New York (or in any court in which appeal from such courts may be taken) but the Escrow Agent shall be under no duty whatsoever to institute or defend any such proceedings. The Escrow Agent shall be entitled to assume that no such controversy has arisen unless it has received notice of such controversy or conflicting written notices from the parties to this Agreement.  Any disputes arising out of, related to, or in connection with, this Agreement between Bioceres and the Union Representative, including a dispute arising from a party’s failure or refusal to sign a joint written notice hereunder, shall be determined in accordance with the provisions of Section 10.3 of the Share Exchange Agreement.

 

Section 15.                                     Notices .  Except to the extent expressly set forth herein, all notices and communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed to be given if (a) delivered personally, (b) sent by facsimile or email (with affirmative confirmation of receipt), (c) sent by

 


 

recognized overnight courier that issues a receipt or other confirmation of delivery or (d) sent by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid to the parties as follows:

 

If to Union, to:

 

with a copy (which will not constitute notice) to:

 

 

 

Union Acquisition Corp.

 

Arnold & Porter Kaye Scholer LLP

400 Madison Avenue, Suite 11A

 

250 West 55 th  Street

New York, NY 10017

 

New York, NY 10019-9710

Attention: Kyle Bransfield

 

Attention: Stephen Koval, Esq.

Telephone No.: (212) 981-0633

 

Telephone No.: (212) 836- 8019

Email: kbransfield@apcap.com

 

Email: stephen.koval@arnoldporter.com

 

 

 

 

 

with a copy (which will not constitute notice) to:

 

 

 

 

 

Linklaters LLP

 

 

1345 Avenue of the Americas

 

 

New York, NY 10105

 

 

Attention: Matthew Poulter

 

 

Telephone No.: (212) 903-9306

 

 

Email: matthew.poulter@linklaters.com

 

 

 

If to the Union Representative, to:

 

with a copy (which will not constitute notice) to:

 

 

 

Joseph J. Schena

 

Arnold & Porter Kaye Scholer LLP

162 College Park Drive

 

250 West 55 th  Street

Fairfield, CT 06824

 

New York, NY 10019-9710

Telephone No.: (212) 380-2653

 

Attention: Stephen Koval, Esq.

Email: jschena@centerviewpartners.com

 

Telephone No.: (212) 836- 8019

 

 

Email: stephen.koval@arnoldporter.com

 

 

 

If to Bioceres, to:

 

with a copy (which will not constitute notice) to:

 

 

 

Bioceres LLC

 

Linklaters LLP

1209 Orange St.,

 

1345 Avenue of the Americas

Wilmington, DE 19801

 

New York, NY 10105

Attention: Gloria Montaron Estrada

 

Attention: Matthew Poulter

 

 

Telephone No.: (212) 903-9306

With copy to:

 

Email: matthew.poulter@linklaters.com

 

 

 

Ocampo 210bis, Predio CCT,

 

 

Rosario, 2000,

 

 

Santa Fe, Argentina

 

 

Attention: Gloria Montaron Estrada

 

 

 


 

E-mail: gloria.montaron@bioceres.com.ar

 

 

Telephone No.: +54 341 4861122

 

 

 

 

 

If to the Escrow Agent, to:

 

 

 

 

 

Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company

 

 

1 State Street, 30 th  Floor

 

 

New York, NY 10004

 

 

Attention: Account Administration

 

 

Facsimile No: (212) 509-5150

 

 

Telephone No: (212) 845-4000

 

 

 

or at such other address as any of the above may have furnished to the other parties in a notice duly given as provided herein.  Any such notice or communication given in the manner specified in this Section 15 shall be deemed to have been given (i) on the date personally delivered or transmitted by facsimile or email (with affirmative confirmation of receipt), (ii) one (1) Business Day after the date sent by recognized overnight courier that issues a receipt or other confirmation of delivery or (iii) three (3) Business Days after being sent by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid.

 

Section 16.                                     Term .  This Agreement shall terminate upon the final, proper and complete distribution of the Escrow Property in accordance with the terms hereof; provided , that Bioceres and Union’s obligations under Section 13 hereof shall survive any termination of this Agreement.

 

Section 17.                                     Entire Agreement .  The terms and provisions of this Agreement (including the Exhibits hereto, which are hereby incorporated by reference herein) constitute the entire agreement between the Escrow Agent and the other parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, as between Bioceres and the Union Representative, the terms of the Share Exchange Agreement shall control and govern over the terms of this Agreement in the event of any conflict or inconsistency between this Agreement and the Share Exchange Agreement.  The actions of the Escrow Agent shall be governed solely by this Agreement.

 

Section 18.                                     Amendment; Waiver .  This Agreement may be amended or modified only by a written instrument duly signed by the parties hereto, and any provision hereof may be waived only by a written instrument duly signed by the party against whom enforcement of such waiver is sought.

 

Section 19.                                     Severability .  In the event that any provision of this Agreement or the application thereof, becomes or is declared by a court of competent jurisdiction to be illegal, void or unenforceable, the remainder of this Agreement will continue in full force and effect and the application of such provision to other Persons or circumstances will be interpreted so as reasonably to effect the intent of the parties hereto.  The parties further agree to replace such void

 


 

or unenforceable provision of this Agreement with a valid and enforceable provision that will achieve, to the extent possible, the economic, business and other purposes of such void or unenforceable provision.

 

Section 20.            Further Assurances .  From time to time on and after the date hereof, the Bioceres and the Union Representative shall deliver or cause to be delivered to the Escrow Agent such further documents and instruments and shall do and cause to be done such further acts as the Escrow Agent shall reasonably request (it being understood that the Escrow Agent shall have no obligation to make any such request) to carry out more effectively the provisions and purposes of this Agreement, to evidence compliance herewith or to assure itself that it is protected in acting hereunder.

 

Section 21.            Accounting .  In the event of the resignation or removal of the Escrow Agent, upon the termination of this Agreement or upon demand at any time of either Bioceres or the Union Representative under reasonable circumstances, the Escrow Agent shall render to Bioceres, the Union Representative and the successor escrow agent (if any) an accounting (free of charge) in writing of the property constituting the Escrow Property.

 

Section 22.            Interpretation .  The parties acknowledge and agree that: (a) this Agreement is the result of negotiations between the parties and will not be deemed or construed as having been drafted by any one party, (b) each party and its counsel have reviewed and negotiated the terms and provisions of this Agreement (including any Exhibits attached hereto) and have contributed to its revision and (c) the rule of construction to the effect that any ambiguities are resolved against the drafting party will not be employed in the interpretation of this Agreement.  The headings contained in this Agreement are for reference purposes only and shall not affect in any way the meaning or interpretation of this Agreement.  In this Agreement, unless the context otherwise requires: (i) words of the masculine, feminine or neuter gender will include the masculine, neuter or feminine gender, and words in the singular number or in the plural number will each include, as applicable, the singular number or the plural number; (ii) reference to any Person includes such Person’s successors and assigns but, if applicable, only if such successors and assigns are permitted by this Agreement, and reference to a Person in a particular capacity excludes such Person in any other capacity; (iii) reference to any law means such law as amended, modified codified or reenacted, in whole or in part, and in effect from time to time, including rules and regulations promulgated thereunder; (iv) any agreement or instrument defined or referred to herein or in any agreement or instrument that is referred to herein means such agreement or instrument as from time to time amended, modified or supplemented, including by waiver or consent and references to all attachments thereto and instruments incorporated therein; (v) the term “or” means “and/or”; (vi) the words “herein, “hereof” and “hereunder” and other words of similar import refer to this Agreement as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section or other subdivision; (vii) the words “include,” “includes” and “including” when used herein shall be deemed in each case to be followed by the words “without limitation”; (viii) any reference herein to “dollars” or “$” shall mean United States dollars; and (ix) reference to any Section or Exhibit means such Section hereof or Exhibit hereto.

 

Section 23.            Successors and Assigns .  This Agreement and the rights and obligations hereunder may not be assigned without the prior written consent of each of the parties hereto;

 


 

provided , however , that if the Union Representative is replaced in accordance with the terms of the Share Exchange Agreement, the replacement Union Representative shall automatically become a party to this Agreement as if it were the original Union Representative hereunder upon providing (a) written notice to the Escrow Agent and Bioceres of such replacement and accepting its rights and obligations under this Agreement and (ii) the Escrow Agent with the documentation referenced in Section 28 hereof from such replacement Union Representative and any replacement authorized individuals to act on behalf of the Union Representative for purposes of Exhibit A . This Agreement will be binding upon, inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by the parties and their respective successors and permitted assigns.

 

Section 24.            Failure or Indulgence Not Waiver; Remedies Cumulative .  No failure or delay on the part of any party hereto in the exercise of any right hereunder will impair such right or be construed to be a waiver of, or acquiescence in, any breach of any representation, warranty, covenant or agreement herein, nor will any single or partial exercise of any such right preclude any other (or further) exercise thereof or of any other right.  All rights and remedies existing under this Agreement are cumulative to, and not exclusive to or exclusive of, any rights or remedies otherwise available to a party hereunder.

 

Section 25.            Governing Law; Venue .  The terms and provisions of this Agreement shall be construed and enforced in accordance with the laws of the State of New York without reference to its conflict of law provisions.  Subject to Section 14 , each of the parties hereto irrevocably consents to the exclusive jurisdiction and venue of any state or federal court located in New York County, New York (or in any court in which appeal from such courts may be taken) in connection with any matter based upon or arising out of this Agreement or the matters contemplated herein, agrees that process may be served upon them in any manner authorized by the laws of the State of New York for such Persons and waives and covenants not to assert or plead any objection which they might otherwise have to such jurisdiction, venue and such process.

 

Section 26.            Waiver of Jury Trial .  EACH PARTY HEREBY WAIVES THEIR RESPECTIVE RIGHTS TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LITIGATION, CLAIM, CAUSE OF ACTION OR OTHER LEGAL PROCEEDING BASED UPON OR ARISING OUT OF OR RELATED TO THIS AGREEMENT, IN ANY ACTION, PROCEEDING OR OTHER LITIGATION OF ANY TYPE BROUGHT BY ANY OF THE PARTIES HERETO AGAINST ANY OTHER PARTY OR PARTIES, WHETHER WITH RESPECT TO CONTRACT CLAIMS, TORT CLAIMS, OR OTHERWISE.  THE PARTIES HERETO EACH AGREE THAT ANY SUCH LITIGATION, CLAIM, CAUSE OF ACTION OR OTHER LEGAL PROCEEDING SHALL BE TRIED BY A COURT TRIAL WITHOUT A JURY.  WITHOUT LIMITING THE FOREGOING, THE PARTIES HERETO FURTHER AGREE THAT THEIR RESPECTIVE RIGHT TO A TRIAL BY JURY IS WAIVED BY OPERATION OF THIS SECTION AS TO ANY ACTION, COUNTERCLAIM OR OTHER PROCEEDING WHICH SEEKS, IN WHOLE OR IN PART, TO CHALLENGE THE VALIDITY OR ENFORCEABILITY OF THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY PROVISION HEREOF.  THIS WAIVER SHALL APPLY TO ANY SUBSEQUENT AMENDMENTS, RENEWALS, SUPPLEMENTS OR MODIFICATIONS TO THIS AGREEMENT.

 


 

Section 27.            Counterparts .  This Agreement may be executed simultaneously in two or more counterparts (including by facsimile or other electronic transmission), each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument.

 

Section 28.            U.S. Patriot Act .  Bioceres and the Union Representative agree to provide the Escrow Agent with the information reasonably requested by the Escrow Agent to verify and record Bioceres’s and the Union Representative’s respective identities pursuant to the Escrow Agent’s procedures for compliance with the U.S. Patriot Act and any other applicable laws.

 

Section 29.            Representations of the Parties .  Each of the parties hereto hereby represents and warrants that as of the date hereof: (a) it has the power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement and to perform its obligations hereunder, and all such actions have been duly and validly authorized by all necessary proceedings; and (b) this Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by it, and constitutes a legal, valid and binding agreement of it.

 

[REMAINDER OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK; SIGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS]

 


 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed and delivered as of the day and year first written above.

 

 

Union Acquisition Corp.

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Kyle P. Bransfield

 

 

Name: Kyle P. Bransfield

 

 

Title: Chief Executive Officer

 

 

 

 

 

Joseph J. Schena

 

/s/ Joseph J. Schena

 

 

 

Joseph J. Schena , solely in the capacity under the Share Exchange Agreement as the Union Representative

 

 

 

 

 

Bioceres LLC

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Federico Trucco

 

 

Name: Federico Trucco

 

 

Title: Chief Executive Officer

 

 

 

 

 

Bioceres S.A.

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Federico Trucco

 

 

Name: Federico Trucco

 

 

Title: Chief Executive Officer

 

 

 

 

 

Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Ana Gois

 

 

Name: Ana Gois

 

 

Title: Vice President

 

[Signature Page to Escrow Agreement]

 


 

EXHIBIT A
AUTHORIZED SIGNERS

 

Bioceres:
Individuals authorized by Bioceres:

 

Name

 

Telephone Number

 

Specimen Signature

1.

 

 

 

 

 

2.

 

 

 

 

 

3.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Union Representative:

 

Name

 

Telephone Number

 

Specimen Signature

1.

 

 

 

 

 

 


 

EXHIBIT B
FEE INFORMATION

 

$3,500 for review and set up.

 

$200/month for so long as Escrow Agent is serving as Escrow Agent under this Agreement.

 


Exhibit 4.11

 

JOINDER AGREEMENT

 

By execution of this Joinder Agreement, the undersigned hereby agrees to become a party to that certain Share Exchange Agreement (the “ Agreement ”), dated as of November 8, 2018, by and among Union Acquisition Corp., Joseph J. Schena, solely in his capacity as representative of the holders of Union Ordinary Shares immediately prior to the Closing and their successors (and any successor representative appointed in accordance therewith) and Bioceres, Inc.  The undersigned shall have all the rights, and shall observe all the obligations, applicable to it under the Agreement.  Capitalized terms used and not otherwise defined herein have the meanings ascribed to them in the Agreement.

 

Date: March 14, 2019

 

 

BIOCERES S.A.

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Federico Trucco

 

 

Name: Federico Trucco

 

 

Title: Chief Executive Officer

 

 

Address for Notices:

 

 

 

Bioceres S.A.

 

Ocampo 210 bis

 

Predio CCT, Rosario Santa Fe, Argentina

 

Attention: Gloria Montaron Estrada

 

E-mail: gloria.montaron@bioceres.con.ar

 

Telephone No.: +54 341 4861122

 

 


Exhibit 4.12

 

INDEMNITY AGREEMENT

 

This Indemnity Agreement (this “ Agreement ”), is entered into on March 14, 2019, by and between Bioceres Crop Solutions Corp., an exempted Company incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands with registered office located at PO Box 309, Ugland House, Grand Cayman, KY1-1104, Cayman Islands (the “ Company ”), and each of the persons listed on the signature pages hereto (the “ Indemnitee ”).

 

WHEREAS, the Indemnitee is a director of the Company; and

 

WHEREAS, in recognition of the need to provide Indemnitee with substantial protection against personal liability, in order to procure Indemnitee’s service as a director of the Company and to enhance Indemnitee’s ability to serve the Company in an effective manner, and in order to provide such protection pursuant to express contract rights (intended to be enforceable irrespective of, among other things, any amendment to the Company’s amended and restated memorandum and articles of association (as amended from time to time) (the “ Constituent Documents ”), any change in the composition of the board of directors of the Company (the “ Board ”) or any change in control or business combination transaction relating to the Company), the Company desires to provide with this Agreement the indemnification of, and the advancement of Expenses (as defined herein) to, Indemnitee as set forth in this Agreement and for the coverage of Indemnitee under the D&O Insurance Policy (as defined herein).

 

NOW, THEREFORE, the Company and the Indemnitee agree as follows:

 

1. DEFINITIONS

 

The following terms as used herein shall have respectively the following meanings:

 

Claim ” means:

 

(i)                                      any threatened, pending or completed action, suit, proceeding or alternative dispute resolution mechanism, whether civil, criminal, administrative, arbitrative, investigative or other, and whether made pursuant to federal, state or other law; or

 

(ii)                                   any inquiry, hearing or investigation that the Indemnitee determines might lead to the institution of any such action, suit, proceeding or alternative dispute resolution mechanism.

 

D&O Insurance Policy ” means a director’s liability insurance issued or to be issued by one or more insurers and any replacement or substitute policies issued by one or more reputable insurers providing in all respects coverage at least comparable to and in the same amount as that policy or policies to be replaced and that have been deemed acceptable by the Indemnitee.

 

Excluded Claim ” means any Claim:

 

(i)                                      resulting primarily from the Indemnitee’s actual fraud, dishonesty, actual fraudulent conduct or gross negligence; or

 

(ii)                                   whose payment by the Company under this Agreement is not permitted by applicable law.

 

Expenses ” means all attorneys’ fees and all other costs, charges, travel costs, expert fees, transcription costs, filing fees, court costs, witness fees, telephone charges, postage, courier fees, disbursements, expenses and liabilities of any kind paid or incurred by the Indemnitee in connection with either the investigation, defense, or being a witness or participation (including appeals), or the preparation for a defense, acting as a witness or participating in any Claim related to any Indemnifiable Event.

 

Expense Advance ” means any payment of Expenses advanced to Indemnitee by the Company pursuant to Section 4 or Section 5 hereof.

 

gross negligence ” shall be construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware.

 


 

Indemnifiable Event ” means any event or occurrence that  takes place either before or after the execution of this Agreement, and is related to (in full or in part) the fact that the Indemnitee is or was a director or officer of the Company, or is or was serving at the request of the Company as a director, officer, employee, member, manager, trustee or agent of another corporation, limited liability company partnership, joint venture, trust or other entity or enterprise (collectively with the Company, “ Enterprise ”) or by reason of anything done or not done by the Indemnitee in any such capacity, including, but not limited to neglect, breach of duty, error, misstatement, misleading statement or omission.

 

Independent Counsel ” means a law firm, or a member of a law firm, that is experienced in matters of corporation law and neither presently performs, nor in the past five years has performed, services for either: (i) the Company or Indemnitee (other than in connection with matters concerning Indemnitee under this Agreement or of other indemnitees under similar agreements) or (ii) any other party to the Claim giving rise to a claim for indemnification hereunder. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the term “Independent Counsel” shall not include any person who, under the applicable standards of professional conduct then prevailing, would have a conflict of interest in representing either the Company or Indemnitee in an action to determine Indemnitee’s rights under this Agreement.

 

Losses ” means any and all Expenses, damages, losses, liabilities, judgments, fines, penalties (whether civil, criminal or other), excise taxes under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended from time to time, amounts paid or payable in settlement, including any interest, assessments, and all other charges paid or payable in connection with investigating, defending, being a witness in or participating in (including on appeal), or preparing to defend, be a witness or participate in, any Claim.

 

Person ” means any individual, corporation, firm, partnership, joint venture, limited liability company, estate, trust, business association, organization, governmental entity or other entity and includes the meaning set forth in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

 

2. Services to the Company

 

Indemnitee agrees to serve as a director or officer of the Company for so long as Indemnitee is duly appointed or until Indemnitee tenders his/her resignation or is no longer serving in such capacity. This Agreement shall not be deemed an employment agreement between the Company (or any of its subsidiaries) and Indemnitee. Indemnitee specifically acknowledges that his/her service to the Company is at will and the Indemnitee may be discharged at any time for any reason, with or without cause, except as may be otherwise provided in any written employment agreement between Indemnitee and the Company, other applicable formal severance policies duly adopted by the Board or, with respect to service as a director or officer of the Company, by the Company’s Constituent Documents or the laws of the Cayman Islands. This Agreement shall continue in force after Indemnitee has ceased to serve as a director or officer of the Company or, at the request of the Company, of any of its subsidiaries or Enterprise, as provided in Section 12 hereof.

 

3. Indemnification

 

Subject to Section 9 and Section 10 of this Agreement and to applicable law, the Company shall indemnify Indemnitee, to the fullest extent permitted by the laws of  the Cayman Islands in effect on the date hereof, or as such laws may from time to time hereafter be amended to increase the scope of such permitted indemnification, against any and all Losses if Indemnitee was or is or becomes a party to or participant in, or is threatened to be made a party to or participant in, any Claim by reason of or arising in part out of an Indemnifiable Event, including, without limitation, Claims brought by or in the right of the Company, Claims brought by third parties, and Claims in which the Indemnitee is solely a witness.

 

4. Advancement of Expenses

 

Indemnitee shall have the right to advancement by the Company, prior to the final disposition of any Claim by final adjudication to which there are no further rights of appeal, of any and all Expenses actually and reasonably paid or incurred by Indemnitee in connection with any Claim arising out of an Indemnifiable Event. Indemnitee’s right to such advancement is not subject to the satisfaction of any standard of conduct. Without limiting the generality or effect of the foregoing, within fifteen (15) days after any request by Indemnitee, the Company shall, in accordance with such request, (a) pay such Expenses on behalf of Indemnitee, (b) advance to Indemnitee funds in an amount sufficient to pay such

 


 

Expenses, or (c) reimburse Indemnitee for such Expenses. In connection with any request for Expense Advances, Indemnitee shall not be required to provide any documentation or information to the extent that the provision thereof would undermine or otherwise jeopardize attorney-client privilege. Execution and delivery to the Company of this Agreement by Indemnitee constitutes an undertaking by the Indemnitee to repay any amounts paid, advanced or reimbursed by the Company pursuant to this Section 4 in respect of Expenses relating to, arising out of or resulting from any Claim in respect of which it shall be determined, pursuant to Section 9, following the final disposition of such Claim, that Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification hereunder. No other form of undertaking shall be required other than the execution of this Agreement. Indemnitee’s obligation to reimburse the Company for Expense Advances shall be unsecured and no interest shall be charged thereon.

 

5. Indemnification for Expenses in Enforcing Rights

 

To the fullest extent allowable under applicable law, the Company shall also indemnify against, and, if requested by Indemnitee, shall advance to Indemnitee subject to and in accordance with Section 4, any Expenses actually and reasonably paid or incurred by Indemnitee in connection with any action or proceeding by Indemnitee for (a) indemnification or reimbursement or advance payment of Expenses by the Company under any provision of this Agreement, or under any other agreement or provision of the Constituent Documents now or hereafter in effect relating to Claims relating to Indemnifiable Events, and/or (b) recovery under any directors’ and officers’ liability insurance policies maintained by the Company. However, in the event that Indemnitee is ultimately determined not to be entitled to such indemnification or insurance recovery, as the case may be, then all amounts advanced under this Section 5 shall be repaid. Indemnitee shall be required to reimburse the Company in the event that a final judicial determination is made that such action brought by Indemnitee was frivolous or not made in good faith.

 

6. Partial Indemnity

 

If Indemnitee is entitled under any provision of this Agreement to indemnification by the Company for a portion of any Losses in respect of a Claim related to an Indemnifiable Event but not for the total amount thereof, the Company shall nevertheless indemnify Indemnitee for the portion thereof to which Indemnitee is entitled.

 

7. Notification and Defense of Claims

 

(a) The Indemnitee shall notify the Company in writing no later than ten (10) business days after receiving a notice regarding the commencement of a Claim against him or her as a consequence of an Indemnifiable Event (“ Notice Period ”). Failure to notify the Company within the Notice Period shall not relieve the Company from any liability that it may have to the Indemnitee by virtue of this Agreement; however, such failure will entitle the Company to take independent action against the Indemnitee for damages resulting from the lack of notice within the Notice Period. If, at the time of receipt of such notice, the Company has any D&O Insurance Policies in effect, the Company shall give prompt notice to its insurers of the Claim relating to the notice. The Company, shall, thereafter, take all necessary or appropriate actions on behalf of the Indemnitee to make such insurers pay for all Expenses, losses, damages, judgements, fines, penalties and amounts paid or payable in respect to such Claim against the Indemnitee following an Indemnifiable Event in accordance with the terms of such policies.

 

(b) Once the Company is notified of the commencement of a Claim originating against the Indemnitee following an Indemnifiable Event, the Company shall be entitled to participate in the defense of any such Claim at its own expense and, except as otherwise provided below, to the extent the Company so wishes, it may assume the defense thereof with counsel chosen in its sole discretion;  stipulating however , that the Indemnitee shall have the right to employ his/her own counsel in such Claim, but the fees and expenses of any such counsel of the Indemnitee incurred after notice from the Company of its assumption of the defense shall be at the expense of the Indemnitee;  and stipulating further , that counsel’s fees and expenses will be reimbursed by the Company to the extent that (i) the employment of counsel by Indemnitee has been previously authorized by the Company, (ii) Indemnitee shall have reasonably concluded that there may be a conflict of interest between the Company and Indemnitee in the conduct of the defense of such action or (iii) the Company shall not in fact have employed counsel to assume the defense of such action.

 

(c) The Indemnitee shall reimburse the Company for all Expenses paid by the Company in relation to any Claim against the Indemnitee as a consequence of an Indemnifiable Event following an Indemnifiable

 


 

Event in the event that a competent court had issued a final ruling that cannot be appealed and which provides that the Indemnitee shall not be entitled to be indemnified by the Company in respect of such Expenses because (i) the Claim is an Excluded Claim, or (ii) the Indemnitee is not entitled to payment under this Agreement.

 

8. Procedure upon Application for Indemnification

 

In order to obtain indemnification pursuant to this Agreement, Indemnitee shall submit to the Company a written request therefor, including in such request such documentation and information as is reasonably available to Indemnitee and is reasonably necessary to determine whether and to what extent Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification following the final disposition of the Claim, provided that documentation and information need not be so provided to the extent that the provision thereof would undermine or otherwise jeopardize attorney-client privilege. Indemnification shall be made insofar as the Company determines Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification in accordance with Section 9 below.

 

9. Determination of Right to Indemnification

 

(a)  Mandatory Indemnification; Indemnification as a Witness .

 

(i)                                      To the extent that Indemnitee shall have been successful on the merits or otherwise in defense of any Claim relating to an Indemnifiable Event or any portion thereof or in defense of any issue or matter therein, including without limitation dismissal without prejudice, Indemnitee shall be indemnified against all Losses relating to such Claim in accordance with Section 3 to the fullest extent allowable by law.

 

(ii)                                   To the extent that Indemnitee’s involvement in a Claim relating to an Indemnifiable Event is to prepare to serve and serve as a witness, and not as a party, the Indemnitee shall be indemnified against all Losses incurred in connection therewith to the fullest extent allowable by law.

 

(b)  Standard of Conduct . To the extent that the provisions of Section 9(a) are inapplicable to a Claim related to an Indemnifiable Event that shall have been finally disposed of, any determination of whether Indemnitee has satisfied any applicable standard of conduct under the laws of the Cayman Islands that is a legally required condition to indemnification of Indemnitee hereunder against Losses relating to such Claim and any determination that Expense Advances must be repaid to the Company (a “ Standard of Conduct Determination ”) shall be made (A) by a majority vote of disinterested directors, even if less than a quorum of the Board, (B) by a committee of disinterested directors designated by a majority vote of disinterested directors, even though less than a quorum or (C) if there are no disinterested directors, by Independent Counsel in a written opinion addressed to the Board, a copy of which shall be delivered to Indemnitee. The Company shall indemnify and hold harmless Indemnitee against and, if requested by Indemnitee, shall reimburse Indemnitee for, or advance to Indemnitee, within fifteen (15) days of such request, any and all Expenses incurred by Indemnitee in cooperating with the person or persons making such Standard of Conduct Determination.

 

(c)  Making the Standard of Conduct Determination . The Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to cause any Standard of Conduct Determination required under Section 9(b) to be made as promptly as practicable. If the person or persons designated to make the Standard of Conduct Determination under Section 9(b) shall not have made a determination within thirty (30) days after the later of (A) receipt by the Company of a written request from Indemnitee for indemnification pursuant to Section 8 (the date of such receipt being the “ Notification Date ”) and (B) the selection of an Independent Counsel, if such determination is to be made by Independent Counsel, then Indemnitee shall be deemed to have satisfied the applicable standard of conduct; provided that such thirty-day period may be extended for a reasonable time, not to exceed an additional thirty (30) days, if the person or persons making such determination in good faith requires such additional time to obtain or evaluate information relating thereto. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, no determination as to entitlement of Indemnitee to indemnification under this Agreement shall be required to be made prior to the final disposition of any Claim.

 


 

(d)  Payment of Indemnification. If, in regard to any Losses:

 

(i)                                      Indemnitee shall be entitled to indemnification pursuant to Section 9(a);

 

(ii)                                   no Standard of Conduct Determination is legally required as a condition to indemnification of Indemnitee hereunder; or

 

(iii)                                Indemnitee has been determined or deemed pursuant to Section 9(b) or Section 9(c) to have satisfied the Standard of Conduct Determination,

 

then the Company shall pay to Indemnitee, within five (5) days after the later of (A) the Notification Date or (B) the earliest date on which the applicable criterion specified in clause (i), (ii) or (iii) is satisfied, an amount equal to such Losses.

 

(e)  Selection of Independent Counsel for Standard of Conduct Determination . If a Standard of Conduct Determination is to be made by Independent Counsel pursuant to Section 9.1(b), the Independent Counsel shall be selected by Indemnitee, and Indemnitee shall give written notice to the Company advising it of the identity of the Independent Counsel so selected. In either case, Indemnitee or the Company, as applicable, may, within five days after receiving written notice of selection from the other, deliver to the other a written objection to such selection; provided, however, that such objection may be asserted only on the ground that the Independent Counsel so selected does not satisfy the criteria set forth in the definition of “Independent Counsel” in Section 1, and the objection shall set forth with particularity the factual basis of such assertion. Absent a proper and timely objection, the person or firm so selected shall act as Independent Counsel. If such written objection is properly and timely made and substantiated, (i) the Independent Counsel so selected may not serve as Independent Counsel unless and until such objection is withdrawn or a court has determined that such objection is without merit; and (ii) the non-objecting party may, at its option, select an alternative Independent Counsel and give written notice to the other party advising such other party of the identity of the alternative Independent Counsel so selected, in which case the provisions of the two immediately preceding sentences, the introductory clause of this sentence and numbered clause (i) of this sentence shall apply to such subsequent selection and notice. If applicable, the provisions of clause (ii) of the immediately preceding sentence shall apply to successive alternative selections. If no Independent Counsel that is permitted under the foregoing provisions of this Section 9(e) to make the Standard of Conduct Determination shall have been selected within 20 days after the Company gives its initial notice pursuant to the first sentence of this Section 9(e) or Indemnitee gives its initial notice pursuant to the second sentence of this Section 9(e), as the case may be, either the Company or Indemnitee may petition the relevant court in the Cayman Islands (“ Cayman Court ”) to resolve any objection which shall have been made by the Company or Indemnitee to the other’s selection of Independent Counsel and/or to appoint as Independent Counsel a person to be selected by the Court or such other person as the Court shall designate, and the person or firm with respect to whom all objections are so resolved or the person or firm so appointed will act as Independent Counsel. In all events, the Company shall pay all of the reasonable fees and expenses of the Independent Counsel incurred in connection with the Independent Counsel’s determination pursuant to Section 9(b).

 

(f)  Presumptions and Defenses .

 

(i)  Indemnitee’s Entitlement to Indemnification . In making any Standard of Conduct Determination, the person or persons making such determination shall presume that Indemnitee has satisfied the applicable standard of conduct and is entitled to indemnification, and the Company shall have the burden of proof to overcome that presumption and establish that Indemnitee is not so entitled. Any Standard of Conduct Determination that is adverse to Indemnitee may be challenged by the Indemnitee in the Cayman Court. No determination by the Company (including by its directors or any Independent Counsel) that Indemnitee has not satisfied any applicable standard of conduct may be used as a defense to any legal proceedings brought by Indemnitee to secure indemnification or reimbursement or advance payment of Expenses by the Company hereunder or create a presumption that Indemnitee has not met any applicable standard of conduct.

 

(ii)  Reliance as a Safe Harbor . For purposes of this Agreement, and without creating any presumption as to a lack of good faith if the following circumstances do not exist, Indemnitee shall be deemed to have acted in good faith and in a manner he or she reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company if Indemnitee’s actions or omissions to act

 


 

are taken in good faith reliance upon the records of the Company, including its financial statements, or upon information, opinions, reports or statements furnished to Indemnitee by the officers or employees of the Company or any of its subsidiaries in the course of their duties, or by committees of the Board or by any other Person (including legal counsel, accountants and financial advisors) as to matters Indemnitee reasonably believes are within such other Person’s professional or expert competence and who has been selected with reasonable care by or on behalf of the Company. In addition, the knowledge and/or actions, or failures to act, of any director, officer, agent or employee of the Company shall not be imputed to Indemnitee for purposes of determining the right to indemnity hereunder.

 

(iii)  No Other Presumptions . For purposes of this Agreement, the termination of any Claim by judgment, order, settlement (whether with or without court approval) or conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, will not create a presumption that Indemnitee did not meet any applicable standard of conduct or have any particular belief, or that indemnification hereunder is otherwise not permitted.

 

(iv)  Defense to Indemnification and Burden of Proof . It shall be a defense to any action brought by Indemnitee against the Company to enforce this Agreement (other than an action brought to enforce a claim for Losses incurred in defending against a Claim related to an Indemnifiable Event in advance of its final disposition) that it is not permissible under applicable law for the Company to indemnify Indemnitee for the amount claimed. In connection with any such action or any related Standard of Conduct Determination, the burden of proving such a defense or that the Indemnitee did not satisfy the applicable standard of conduct shall be on the Company.

 

10. Exclusions

 

Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, the Company shall not be obligated to:

 

(a)  indemnify or advance funds to Indemnitee for Expenses or Losses with respect to proceedings initiated by Indemnitee, including any proceedings against the Company or its directors, officers, employees or other indemnitees and not by way of defense, except:

 

(i)  proceedings referenced in Section 5 above (unless a court of competent jurisdiction determines that each of the material assertions made by Indemnitee in such proceeding was not made in good faith or was frivolous); or

 

(ii)  where the Company has joined in or the Board has consented to the initiation of such proceedings;

 

(b)  indemnify Indemnitee if a final decision by a court of competent jurisdiction determines that such indemnification is prohibited by applicable law;

 

(c)  indemnify Indemnitee for the disgorgement of profits arising from the purchase or sale by Indemnitee of securities of the Company in violation of Section 16(b) of the Exchange Act, or any similar successor statute;

 

(d)  indemnify or advance funds to Indemnitee for Indemnitee’s reimbursement to the Company of any bonus or other incentive-based or equity-based compensation previously received by Indemnitee or payment of any profits realized by Indemnitee from the sale of securities of the Company, as required in each case under the Exchange Act (including any such reimbursements under Section 304 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 in connection with an accounting restatement of the Company or the payment to the Company of profits arising from the purchase or sale by Indemnitee of securities in violation of Section 306 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act); or

 

(e)  indemnify Indemnitee if the Claim is an Excluded Claim.

 


 

11. Settlement of Claims

 

(a) The Company shall not be liable to indemnify the Indemnitee under this Agreement for any amounts paid in settlement of any Claims against the Indemnitee as a consequence of an Indemnifiable Event effected without the Company’s prior written consent.

 

(b)  The Company shall not settle any Claims against the Indemnitee as a consequence of an Indemnifiable Event that may, in any way, impose a fine or other obligation to the Indemnitee without the written consent of Indemnitee.

 

(c)  Neither the Company nor the Indemnitee will unreasonably withhold its consent to any proposed settlement.

 

12. Duration

 

All agreements and obligations of the Company contained herein shall continue during the period that Indemnitee is a director or officer of the Company (or is serving at the request of the Company as a director, officer, employee, member, trustee or agent of another Enterprise) and shall continue thereafter (i) so long as Indemnitee may be subject to any possible Claim relating to an Indemnifiable Event (including any rights of appeal thereto) and (ii) throughout the pendency of any proceeding (including any rights of appeal thereto) commenced by Indemnitee to enforce or interpret his or her rights under this Agreement, even if, in either case, he or she may have ceased to serve in such capacity at the time of any such Claim or proceeding.

 

13. Non-Exclusivity

 

The rights of Indemnitee hereunder will be in addition to any other rights Indemnitee may have under the Constituent Documents, the laws of the Cayman Islands, any other contract or otherwise (collectively, “ Other Indemnity Provisions ”); provided, however, that (a) to the extent that Indemnitee otherwise would have any greater right to indemnification under any Other Indemnity Provision, Indemnitee will be deemed to have such greater right hereunder and (b) to the extent that any change is made to any Other Indemnity Provision which permits any greater right to indemnification than that provided under this Agreement as of the date hereof, Indemnitee will be deemed to have such greater right hereunder.

 

14. Purchase and Maintenance of Director and Officer Liability Insurance

 

(a) The Company agrees hereby to provide the Indemnitee with a complete and accurate description of the D&O Insurance Policy acquired by the Company, acknowledging that these policies remain in full force and effect until the Indemnitee is informed otherwise.

 

(b) The Indemnitee shall be named as an insured in any D&O Insurance Policy obtained by the Company, in a manner as to provide  the Indemnitee the same rights and benefits as are provided to the most favorably insured of the Company’s directors, if Indemnitee is a director, or of the Company’s officers, if Indemnitee is an officer (and not a director) by such policy.

 

(c) The Indemnitee shall be covered by any such D&O Insurance Policy, in accordance with its terms, to the maximum extent of coverage available for any of the Company’s directors or officers and for the duration of Indemnitee’s service as a director or officer, as applicable, of the Company and thereafter for so long as Indemnitee shall be subject to any pending Claim relating to an Indemnifiable Event.

 

15. No Duplication of Payments

 

The Company shall not be liable under this Agreement to make any payment to Indemnitee in respect of any Losses to the extent Indemnitee has otherwise received payment under any insurance policy, the Constituent Documents, Other Indemnity Provisions or otherwise of the amounts otherwise indemnifiable by the Company hereunder.

 

16. Subrogation

 

In the event the Company makes a payment to Indemnitee under this Agreement, the Company shall surrogate the Indemnitee to the extent of such payment in all legal claims, demands or rights that the Indemnitee may have against third parties (excluding spouse, heirs and descendants of Indemnitee)

 


 

responsible for the occurrence of the event giving rise to the Indemnifiable Event originating the obligations of the Company under this Agreement and shall do everything that may be necessary to secure such rights, including the execution of such documents necessary to enable the Company effectively to bring suit to enforce such rights.

 

17. Severability

 

If any provision or provisions of this Agreement shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable for any reason whatsoever by a court the remaining provisions of the Agreement shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.

 

18. Jurisdiction

 

Any dispute, controversy or claim arising between the parties concerning this Agreement, its existence, validity, qualification, interpretation, scope, compliance or violation will be attempted to be resolved through negotiations in good faith to reach an agreement, for a period of ten (10) days.

 

If the resolution of such dispute is not possible, such dispute, controversy or claim shall be settled exclusively and definitively by the courts of the Cayman Islands.

 

19. Governing Law

 

This Agreement and any claim, controversy or dispute arising under or related in any way to this Agreement, the relationship of the parties, the transaction leading to this Agreement or contemplated hereby and/or the interpretation and/or enforcement of the respective rights and duties of the parties hereunder or related in any way to the foregoing other that the interpretation of “gross negligence” under the laws of the State of Delaware, shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the Cayman Islands, without giving effect to any choice of law or conflict of law provision or rule (whether of the Cayman Islands or any other jurisdiction) that would cause the application of the law of any jurisdiction other than the Cayman Islands.

 

20. Successor and Assigns

 

This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by the parties hereto and their respective successors (including any direct or indirect successor by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise to all or substantially all of the business and/or assets of the Company), assigns, spouses, heirs and personal and legal representatives. The Company shall require and cause any successor (whether direct or indirect by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise) to all, substantially all or a substantial part of the business and/or assets of the Company, by written agreement in form and substances satisfactory to Indemnitee, expressly to assume and agree to perform this Agreement in the same manner and to the same extent that the Company would be required to perform if no such succession had taken place.

 

21. Modification and Waiver

 

(a) No amendment, modification, supplement, termination or resolution of this Agreement shall be binding unless executed in writing by both of the parties hereto.

 

(b) No waiver of any of the provisions of this Agreement shall be deemed or shall constitute a waiver of any other provision hereof (whether or not similar) and such waiver shall not constitute a continuing waiver. Except as specifically provided herein, no failure to exercise or any delay in exercising any right or remedy hereunder shall constitute a waiver thereof.

 

22. Notice

 

All notices under this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed duly given if delivered by hand, against receipt, or mailed via postage prepaid, certified or registered mail, return receipt requested, and addressed to the Company at:

 


 

PO Box 309

Ugland House, Grand Cayman

KY1-11-4, Cayman Islands

Attention: Gloria Montaron Estrada

E-mail: gloria.montaron@bioceres.com.ar

 

with a copy to.

 

Ocampo 210bis, Predio CCT,

Rosario, 2000,

Santa Fe, Argentina

Attention: Gloria Montaron Estrada

E-mail: gloria.montaron@bioceres.com.ar

 

and to the Indemnitee at his/her address set forth on the signature page hereto unless the Company is notified of a change in address.

 

23. Headings

 

The headings of the sections and paragraphs of this Agreement are inserted for convenience only and shall not be deemed to constitute part of this Agreement or to affect the construction or interpretation thereof.

 

24. Counterparts.

 

This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which, when executed and delivered, shall be an original, and all the counterparts together shall constitute one and the same instrument.

 

25. Entire Agreement.

 

This Agreement, and the documents referred to in it, constitutes the entire agreement and understanding of the parties and supersedes any previous agreement between the parties relating to the subject matter of this Agreement.

 

25. Interpretation.

 

In this Agreement:

 

(a) words importing the singular number include the plural number and vice versa;

 

(b) words importing the masculine gender include the feminine gender;

 

(c) words importing persons include corporations as well as any other legal or natural person;

 

(d) “written” and “in writing” include all modes of representing or reproducing words in visible form, including in the form of an Electronic Record (as defined in the Electronic Transactions Law (2003 Revision) of the Cayman Islands);

 

(e) “shall” shall be construed as imperative and “may” shall be construed as permissive;

 

(f) references to provisions of any law or regulation shall be construed as references to those provisions as amended, modified, re-enacted or replaced;

 

(g) any phrase introduced by the terms “including”, “include”, “in particular” or any similar expression shall be construed as illustrative and shall not limit the sense of the words preceding those terms;

 

(h) the term “and/or” is used herein to mean both “and” as well as “or.” The use of “and/or” in certain contexts in no respects qualifies or modifies the use of the terms “and” or “or” in others. The term “or” shall not be interpreted to be exclusive and the term “and” shall not be interpreted to require the conjunctive (in each case, unless the context otherwise requires);

 


 

 

(j) any requirements as to delivery under this Agreement include delivery in the form of an Electronic Record;

 

(k) any requirements as to execution or signature under this Agreement including the execution of this Agreement itself can be satisfied in the form of an electronic signature as defined in the Electronic Transactions Law (2003 Revision) of the Cayman Islands; and

 

(l) Sections 8 and 19(3) of the Electronic Transactions Law (2003 Revision) of the Cayman Islands shall not apply to this Agreement.

 

*****

[SIGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS]

 


 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Agreement has been executed by the parties on the date first set out above.

 

BIOCERES CROP SOLUTIONS CORP.

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Federico Trucco

 

 

By: Federico Trucco

 

 

Title: Chief Executive Officer

 

 

 

 

 

KYLE B. BRANSFIELD as INDEMNITEE

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Kyle P. Bransfield

 

 

Signature

 

 

 

 

 

Address:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ARI FREISENGER as INDEMNITEE

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Ari Freisenger

 

 

Signature

 

 

 

 

 

Address:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CARLOS CAMARGO DE COLÓN as INDEMNITEE

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Carlos Camargo de Colón

 

 

Signature

 

 

 

 

 

Address:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ENRIQUE LOPEZ LECUBE as INDEMNITEE

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Enrique Lopez Lecube

 

 

Signature

 

 

 

 

 

Address:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


 

FEDERICO TRUCCO as INDEMNITEE

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Federico Trucco

 

 

Signature

 

 

 

 

 

Address:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

NATALIA ZANG as INDEMNITEE

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Natalia Zang

 

 

Signature

 

 

 

 

 

Address:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

GLORIA MONTARON ESTRADA as INDEMNITEE

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Gloria Montaron Estrada

 

 

Signature

 

 

 

 

 

Address:

 

 

 


Exhibit 4.13

 

[ENGLISH TRANSLATION]

 

BIOCERES S.A.

 

STOCK OPTION INCENTIVE PLAN

 

The aim of this Stock Option Incentive Plan (the “ Stock Option Plan ”) of BIOCERES S.A. ( the Company ”) is to grant: (i) employees within the category of executives officers of the Company and its subsidiaries (the “ Officers ”); and (ii) members of the Board of the Company and its subsidiaries (the “ Directors ” and, together with the Officers, the “ Beneficiaries ”), the right to acquire shares of the Company through the exercise of stock options, under the provisions of article 75 of Argentine Law No. 26.831 and in accordance hereto (the “ Options ”).

 

Through this Stock Option Plan, the Company seeks to attract and retain the services of people of outstanding capability so as to increase their efforts in representing the Company, as well as to reward the efficiency and the quality of the services they provide.

 

1.            Shares Subject to Stock Option Plan - Mergers and Reorganizations

 

The Company’s shares that may be acquired through the exercise of the Options (the “ Shares Subject to Option ”) will be book-entry shares with a nominal value of two pesos ($2) each and with the right to one (1) vote per share, and they shall not exceed, in total, five percent (5%) of the Company’s common shares outstanding after issuance of the Shares Subject to Option.

 

If, as a result of a reorganization, recapitalization, reclassification, stock dividend, stock split, reverse split, or other similar change in the capitalization of the Company, there is an increase or decrease in the outstanding shares of the Company or they are exchanged for another quantity or type of shares or other securities of the Company, or additional shares of the Company are issued, or if, as a result of a merger or takeover or the sale of some or all of the assets of the Company, the outstanding shares of the Company are converted or exchanged for shares of a successor entity (or a parent or subsidiary company), the Committee shall make the corresponding adjustment of (i) the maximum amount of Shares Subject to Option under the Stock Option Plan; (ii) the quantity and type of Shares Subject to Option granted and in force under the Stock Option Plan; and (iii) the price of the Shares Subject to Option existing as of that date under the Stock Option Plan.

 

2.            Right to Participate in the Stock Option Plan

 

The Stock Option Plan shall only be granted to the Beneficiaries; the right to exercise the Options is not transferable, provided that it is transferable causa mortis to the inheritors and/or legatees of the Beneficiary, whether by means of a will or pursuant to applicable inheritance laws.

 

3.            Stock Option Plan Administration

 

The Stock Option Plan will be administered and implemented by the Compensation Committee (the “ Committee ”), composed of three (3) Directors of the Company, who, in turn, shall be independent directors as required by the Comisión Nacional de Valores , the standards of the Bolsa de Comercio de Buenos Aires (Buenos Aires Board of Trade), and consistent with the independence standards and rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the New York Stock Exchange. Those directors shall hold office for their specific term, with the possibility of being re-elected indefinitely as long as they remain members of the Company’s Board and remain independent. The initial members of the Committee shall be the following directors: Mr. Manuel Alberto Sobrado, Ms. Cintia Guillermina Castagnino, and Mr. Marcelo Adolfo Carrique. After expiration of the term of office of the initial members of the Committee as Directors of the Company, the Board, at its first meeting held after the Annual Meeting of Shareholders where the annual financial statements are passed upon and a new Board is appointed, shall appoint the members to serve on the Committee for the next three fiscal years following the date upon which the annual financial statements are passed upon by such Meeting of Shareholders. The members of the Committee can only be Beneficiaries if they are specifically authorized by the Company’s Board.

 


 

The Committee shall have broad powers to implement, administrate and modify the Stock Option Plan, in accordance with the provisions hereof.

 

The Committee shall annually select Beneficiaries and the quantity of shares subject to Option corresponding to each Beneficiary, in accordance with the limits specified in the Stock Option Plan. The initial Beneficiaries (the “ Initial Beneficiaries ”) shall be those indicated in Appendix I with the number of Shares Subject to Option listed there; the right to exercise Options will be subject to the condition that the Company effectively carries out an initial public offering of its shares in the local market and/or abroad.

 

All Options will be granted through option agreements implemented in writing and signed by the Beneficiary and a Committee member authorized to do so (each such document, an “ Option Agreement ”), in terms substantially similar to the model contained in Appendix II in this document.

 

4.            Price and Term for Exercising the Option

 

The exercise price of each Option (the “ Option Exercise Price ”) shall be determined in each Option Agreement and must be paid in all cases in the legal currency of Argentina and in the bank account that the Company has indicated. The initial Option Exercise Price will be US$15.85 (US fifteen dollars and eighty-five cents).

 

Pursuant to individually executed Option Agreements, the Company may agree on financing terms for Beneficiaries to enable them to exercise the Options, including the total or partial financing of the Option Exercise Price.

 

The issuance of Shares Subject to Option corresponding to a particular Option shall be subject to the prior payment to the Company of the Option Exercise Price by the Beneficiary and to compliance with the other conditions specified in the Option Agreement and the provisions of applicable law.

 

Each Option may be exercised on the date or dates set by the Committee, which shall be specified in the relevant Option Agreement, but in no case shall it be later than five (5) years from the date the Option is granted as specified in the corresponding Option Agreement (the “ Option Exercise Period ”). The Committee, with prior written consent of the respective Beneficiaries, may advance or extend the Option Exercise Period, within the limits specified in this article, at any time.

 


 

No Shares Subject to Option shall be deemed accrued, acquired, accumulated or otherwise due to the Beneficiary, at any time or period, other than that specified in the relevant Option Agreement, with the Options being a right that may be exercised only when the conditions of the Stock Option Plan and the relevant Option Agreement are met.

 

5.            Limitations on Options and on the Exercise of Options

 

The specific terms and conditions for the Options shall be described in each Option Agreement such that the Beneficiaries can exercise them.

 

The Committee may determine whether unexercised Options or Options with the right to be exercised within a specified period can accumulate and become exercisable or eligible to be exercised, in whole or in part, at a later date or dates.

 

No Beneficiary will hold a Share Subject to Option until such Share Subject to Option is issued on behalf of the Beneficiary, pursuant to the Stock Option Plan and the relevant Option Agreement.

 

The Committee may, in its sole discretion, establish other restrictions on the transfer of Shares Subject to Option, as deemed appropriate or desirable.

 

6.            Option Exercise Procedure

 

In order to exercise his or her Option, and insofar as the conditions set out in the Stock Option Plan and the Option Agreement have been met (including, without limitation, that the Option Exercise Period is not exceeded), the Beneficiary shall send certifiable notice to the Committee to the address specified in the respective Option Agreement, stating his or her intention to exercise the option, on terms substantially similar to the form of notice of exercise appended in the Option Agreement (the “ Notice of Exercise ”).

 

The Notice of Exercise shall include, at minimum, the following: (i) the expression of intent of the Beneficiary to exercise the Option; and (ii) the number of Shares Subject to Option he or she intends to exercise.

 

The exercise date of the Option shall be the date on which the Committee receives the Notice of Exercise, provided it complies with the requirements of the Stock Option Plan and the Option Agreement (the “ Option Exercise Date ”).

 

Once the Committee has received a validly executed Notice of Exercise, the Company shall commence the necessary procedures to issue the relevant Shares Subject to Option.

 

Once the corresponding Shares Subject to Option have been issued, the Company shall perform the acts and grant the necessary instruments to reflect the ownership of the Beneficiary on such Shares Subject to Option, without requiring any additional act by the Beneficiary.

 


 

7.            Economic Benefit

 

In the event that the grant and/or exercise of the Option generates an economic benefit to the Beneficiary (the “ Benefit ”), this will be recorded in the Company’s employment documents or those of the subsidiary employing the Beneficiary, as applicable, and those of the Beneficiary, in accordance with applicable regulations, and this will be subject to all applicable deductions under current legislation, including social security and income taxes, if applicable.

 

In the case of Director awards, the Beneficiary shall be approved by the Ordinary Meeting of Shareholders that passes upon the annual financial statements and the directors’ performance and remunerations.

 

8.            Approval; Stock Option Plan Amendment

 

The Stock Option Plan was approved by resolution of the Ordinary and Extraordinary Meeting of Shareholders of the Company, dated December 17, 2014 and by resolution of the Company Board dated August 25, 2015.

 

The Board of Directors of the Company has authorized the Committee to perform all acts necessary or convenient for the administration and implementation of the Stock Option Plan, including making amendments to the Stock Option Plan at any time (except for the provisions in art. 3 of the Stock Option Plan that may only be modified by the Board).

 

Any amendments to the Stock Option Plan shall be binding with respect to the Shares Subject to Option to be issued, as well as for those already issued, subject, in the latter case, to the consent of each Beneficiary.

 

9.            Stock Option Plan Expiration

 

The Options may be granted at any time or on a periodic basis, but always before the tenth (10th) anniversary of the date of approval of the Stock Option Plan by the Company’s Board (the “ Expiration Date of the Stock Option Plan ”). The Committee may terminate the Stock Option Plan at any time, notwithstanding the rights acquired by the holders of the Options granted and unexercised at that date.

 

In the event that a Public Offering for Withdrawal from the System of Public Offering in accordance with Argentine Law No. 26.831 of the Capital Market Law, Regulatory Decree No. 1023/2013 and the Rules of the CNV (as per NT RG 622/2013) occurs, the Stock Option Plan will remain in force for the Options already granted, which must be replaced by new options, with the Company assuming the appropriate adjustments in the amount and type of Shares Subject to Option, if applicable.

 

10.          Governing Law

 

The Stock Option Plan, the Option Agreements and the Options shall be governed by the laws of Argentina.

 


 

11.          Dispute Resolution

 

Any dispute as to the scope or interpretation of the provisions of this Stock Option Plan and the Option Agreements shall be, in all matters permitted by the law, determined by the Committee or, failing that, shall be irrevocably submitted to the jurisdiction of the arbitration tribunal of the arbitration center at the Stock Exchange of Buenos Aires, in accordance with Article 46 of the Capital Market Law.

 

12.          Miscellaneous

 

(a)  Extraordinary Nature of the Stock Option Plan . The benefits granted by this Stock Option Plan are extraordinary benefits and limited exclusively to the Expiration Date of the Stock Option Plan (except in matters related to applicable restrictions to that date and the Shares Subject to Option issued, if they correspond). For that reason, participation in the Stock Option Plan shall not grant any current or potential right to any Beneficiary to demand that the Stock Option Plan should be extended in time or that it should recur in subsequent periods.

 

(b)  Disclaimer of obligation to grant similar benefits . Participation in the Stock Option Plan shall not grant to any Beneficiary the right to participate in any other plan, compensatory scheme or Company policy, whether existing or to be created in the future.

 

(c)  Job Security or Working Conditions Disclaimer . Participation in the Stock Option Plan and any actions taken within its context shall not imply: (i) continued employment or job stability for the Beneficiary, or a limitation of the power of the Beneficiary or of the Company or its subsidiaries to terminate the Beneficiaries’ employment contracts at any time; or (ii) a limitation on the power of the Company or its subsidiaries to modify the employment contract or working conditions of the Beneficiaries (including compensatory structure) or contractual conditions of the Directors.

 

(d)  Severability . Should any provision of this Stock Option Plan be held invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not be affected. In case any provision of this Stock Option Plan is considered unenforceable for being too comprehensive, that provision shall not be void but limited to the extent required by applicable legislation to consider it executable.

 

(e)  Titles and Headings . The titles and headings used in this document are mere references and shall not affect, under any circumstances, the interpretation of the provisions in the Stock Option Plan.

 


 

APPENDIX I

 

Initial Beneficiaries

 

Number of Shares Subject to Option

Federico Trucco

 

120,080

Andrés Vacarezza

 

60,040

Gerónimo Watson

 

60,040

Gloria Montaron Estrada

 

50,560

Martín Vázquez

 

31,600

Celina Trucco

 

31,600

Matías Ruffo

 

31,600

Claudio Dunan

 

25,280

Gustavo Schujman

 

31,600

Ezequiel Marchionni

 

22,120

 


 

APPENDIX II

 

FORM OF OPTION AGREEMENT

 

BIOCERES SA

 

OPTION AGREEMENT

UNDER THE

STOCK OPTION PLAN

 

Beneficiary ”:

[                    ]

 

 

Number of

 

Shares Subject to Option ”:

[                    ]

 

 

Option Exercise Price”

 

Per each Share Subject to Option:

[                    ]

 

 

Date of Grant ”:

[                    ]

 

 

Execution Date ”:

[                    ]

 

Under the terms and conditions of the Stock Option Incentive Plan of Bioceres SA, a copy of which is attached hereto as Appendix I (the “ Stock Option Plan ”), this Agreement (the “ Agreement ”) is entered into between Bioceres SA (the “ Company ”) and the Beneficiary (as defined in the heading, together with the Company, the “ Parties ”), in his/her capacity as [ the Company / the subsidiary of the Company [  ]] (the “ Eligible Position ”) of [ the Company / the subsidiary of the Company [  ]), under which the Company provides the Beneficiary with an option to acquire Company shares, pursuant to art. 75 of Argentine Law No. 26,831 and as set forth in the Stock Option Plan (the “ Option ”), through exercise on the Execution Date (as defined in the heading) and provided that the conditions required to that effect are met, to acquire all or part of the Shares Subject to Option (as defined above), at the Exercise Price of the Option (as defined in the above), subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the Stock Option Plan and in this Agreement.

 

The terms indicated in capital letters not defined in this Agreement shall have the meaning assigned to them by the Stock Option Plan.

 

1.            Option Right

 

Subject to the Beneficiary’s continued service in the Eligible Position and compliance with the other conditions set forth in this Agreement and the Stock Option Plan, the Option may be exercised in full on the Execution Date. Under no circumstances will the Shares Subject to Option be acquired, accrued, earned, accumulated or otherwise be due to the Beneficiary, on a date other than the Execution Date, it being understood that no Shares Subject to Option shall be acquired, accrued, earned or accumulated on a monthly, quarterly, biannual or annual basis, unless the Stock Option Plan conditions are met.

 


 

2.            Option Exercise

 

(a)  Notice of Exercise . In order to exercise their Option, and provided the Beneficiary has complied with the conditions set out in the Stock Option Plan and this Agreement, the Beneficiary may exercise his or her Option on the Execution Date by sending a certifiable notice to the Company’s Compensation Committee (the “Committee”) at the registered office of the Company located at Ocampo 210 bis, Rosario, Santa Fe province, stating their intention to exercise the Option; that notice shall be in a form substantially similar to the form notice of exercise attached hereto as Appendix II (the “ Notice of Exercise ”).

 

The parties agree that the address to send the Notice of Exercise may be modified by the Company, which should notify the Beneficiary of the new address by certifiable notice with no less than five (5) days prior to the date stated in section 2 (a) above, when such Notice of Exercise has to be made.

 

(b)  Option Exercise Price . Notwithstanding the sending of the Notice of Exercise and compliance with the conditions set forth in this Agreement and the Stock Option Plan, the issue of Shares Subject to Option shall be subject to payment by the Beneficiary to the Company of the Option Exercise Price (as defined above) corresponding to the number of Shares Subject to Option for which the Option is exercised.

 

Payment of the Option Exercise Price shall be made in Argentina’s legal currency and shall be made to the bank account of the Company provided to the Beneficiary in writing.

 

The Beneficiary may request that the Company finance up to 100% of the Option Exercise Price, for which purpose the Company will determine the term of the loan, interest, amortization, interest and amortization payment, clauses for the acceleration of the loan (among which is included the Beneficiary’s termination from their Eligible Position, without limitation) and guarantees (including, without limitation, the issuance of a promissory note, dated checks and/or of first ranking pledge on Shares Subject to Option to be issued).

 

(c)  Benefit . The Beneficiary understands and accepts that in the event that the grant and/or exercise of the Option generates an economic benefit to the Beneficiary (the “ Benefit ”): (i) in the case of Beneficiaries who are employed as officers of the Company or its subsidiaries, the Benefit shall be recorded in the employment documents of the Company or those of the subsidiary employing the Beneficiary, as applicable, and in the employment documentation of the Beneficiary, in accordance with applicable regulations, and the Benefit shall be subject to all applicable deductions under current legislation, including social security and income taxes, if applicable; and (ii) in the case of Beneficiaries who are directors of the Company or its subsidiaries, the Benefit shall be approved by the Ordinary Meeting of Shareholders where the annual financial statements and directors’ performance and remunerations are passed upon.

 

(d)  Issue of Shares Subject to Option . Once the requirements of the Stock Option Plan and of this Agreement as well as the requirements of the applicable law have been completed to the satisfaction of the Committee, the Company shall issue the Shares Subject to Option for which the Option has been exercised. Once the corresponding Shares Subject to Option have been issued, the Company shall perform the acts and grant the necessary instruments to reflect the ownership of such Shares Subject to Option by the Beneficiary, without requiring any additional act by the Beneficiary. From that moment, the Beneficiary will own the Shares Subject to Option issued, with the rights and obligations arising therefrom.

 


 

(e)  Options Not Exercised by the Execution Date . Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Agreement or the Stock Option Plan, this Option or the amount pending exercise will be exercisable until two years after the Execution Date hereof.

 

3.            Beneficiary’s Termination from his/her Eligible Position

 

(a)  Expiry due to Termination for Cause or Beneficiary’s Resignation . In the event that the Beneficiary leaves his/her Eligible Position: (i) for Cause (as defined below); or (ii) due to their resignation to the Eligible Position, in both cases the Options shall be immediately terminated and with full rights.

 

Cause ” will imply the definition assigned to it in the agreement entered into by the Beneficiary and the Company or its subsidiary in which the clauses for the Eligible Position are set forth, or, such agreement failing, it shall have the meaning set forth in Article 242 of Argentine Law No. 20,744 (as amended and supplemented with) and the related case law, including but not limited to, a resolution of the Committee ruling that the beneficiary must be dismissed as a result of: (i) breach of non-competition, exclusivity, confidentiality or similar agreements, if applicable; (ii) engaging in any act that constitutes financial impropriety against the Company or any of its affiliates; (iii) carrying out any act of dishonesty, fraud, intentional misrepresentation, moral turpitude, illegality or harassment, which, as determined in good faith by the Committee, (A) affected or can potentially affect customers, suppliers, employees, creditors and/or other third parties with whom the Company and/or any of its affiliates relates in a substantial way; or (B) would expose the Company or any of its affiliates to potential liability for damages or fines; or (iv) disobedience by the Beneficiary of the Committee’s guidelines, the Board, the Chairman of the Board or a senior official of comparable rank of the Company or any of its affiliates; or (v) failure to comply with the policies of the Company or any of its affiliates or with their obligations to them.

 

(b)  Expiry for Death of the Beneficiary . In the event that the Beneficiary leaves his/her Eligible Position due to his/her death, the Beneficiary’s heirs or legatees, whether by means of a will or pursuant to applicable inheritance laws, may exercise the on the Execution Date, provided that the other conditions set out in the Stock Option Plan, this Agreement and current legislation are met.

 

4.             Modifications . Notwithstanding the power to amend the Stock Option Plan provided for in art. 8 of the same, the Parties may, by mutual agreement, rescind or amend this Agreement regarding the exercise of the Option on Shares Subject to Option not yet acquired.

 

5.             Dispute Resolution Any dispute as to the scope or interpretation of the provisions of this Agreement shall be, in all matters permitted by the law, determined by the Committee or, failing that, through a process of arbitration by the arbitration center at the Stock Exchange of Buenos Aires, in accordance with Section 46 of the Capital Market Law.

 


 

6.            Miscellaneous

 

(a) Any notice that must be exchanged amongst the Parties under this Agreement (including the Notice of Exercise) will be addressed to: (i) the Company, at the address indicated in Section 2(a); (ii) the Beneficiary, at the address indicated on the signature page; or (iii) any other addresses within Argentina that a Party indicates to the other Party in writing.

 

(b) In accordance with the provisions of the Stock Option Plan, this Agreement does not imply continued employment nor job stability for the Beneficiary in the Eligible Position.

 

By virtue of the foregoing, the Parties sign this Agreement on the date indicated in the heading.

 

 

BIOCERES S.A.

 

 

 

 

 

Name:

 

Position:

 

 

 

 

 

BENEFICIARY

 

 

 

 

 

Name:

 

 

 

Beneficiary’s Address:

 

 

 

 

 


 

Appendix I

 

STOCK OPTION INCENTIVE PLAN

 

[Attach copy of plan]

 


 

Appendix III

 

FORM OF NOTICE OF EXERCISE

 

[ · ]

 

BIOCERES S.A.

Ocampo 210 bis, Rosario

Santa Fe Province

 

Attn.: [Remuneration Committee]

 

Ref . : Notice of Exercise of Option

 

Dear Sir/Madam

 

I am pleased to notify Bioceres S.A. (the “ Company ”) regarding the option to purchase shares of the Company (the “ Option ”) that was issued on my behalf under the Stock Option Incentive Plan of the Company (the “ Stock Option Plan ”) and the Option Agreement dated [ · ] (the “ Agreement ”) under the following terms and conditions as set forth in the Stock Option Plan and the Agreement:

 

“Beneficiary”:

[ · ]

 

 

Number of

 

“Shares Subject to Stock Option Plan”:

[ · ]

 

 

“Option Exercise Price”

 

Per each Share Subject to Option:

[ · ]

 

 

“Date of Grant”:

[ · ]

 

 

“Execution Date”:

[ · ]

 

This is sent in compliance with Article 6 of the Stock Option Plan and clause 2(a) of the Agreement, in order to notify the Company of my intent to exercise the Option for [ · ] Shares Subject to Option.

 

I hereby acknowledge and accept all terms and conditions in the Stock Option Plan and the Agreement, including, without limitation, [IN THE CASE OF OFFICERS: the obligation of the Company or its subsidiaries to record the Benefit (as the term is defined in the Agreement) in the employment documents of the Company or those of the subsidiary, as applicable, and the consideration of such Benefit as subject to all applicable deductions under current legislation, including social security and income taxes] [IN THE CASE OF DIRECTORS: that the Benefit (as such term is defined in the Agreement) shall be approved by the Annual Meeting of Shareholders where the financial statements and directors’ performance and remunerations are passed upon].

 


 

The terms indicated in capital letters not defined in this document shall have the meaning assigned to them by the Stock Option Plan and the Agreement, accordingly.

 

Sincerely,

 

 

BENEFICIARY

 

 

 

 

 

Name:

 

 

 

 

 

Beneficiary’s Address:

 

 

 

 

 


Exhibit 4.14

 

[ENGLISH TRANSLATION]

 

BIOCERES S.A.

 

STOCK GRANT INCENTIVE PLAN

 

The aim of this incentive plan for the award of shares (the “ Stock Grant Incentive Plan ”) of Bioceres SA (the “ Company ”) is to provide an additional incentive to senior staff of the Company and its subsidiaries (the “ Beneficiaries ”) through the free grant of Company shares (the “ Shares ”) under the terms of art. 68 of Argentine Law No. 26 831 and as provided herein.

 

Through this Stock Grant Incentive Plan , the Company seeks to attract and retain the services of people of outstanding capability so as to increase their efforts in representing the Company, as well as to reward the efficiency and the quality of the services they provide.

 

1. Shares Subject to Stock Grant Incentive Plan

 

The Company shares to be awarded under the Stock Grant Incentive Plan (the “ Shares Subject to the Stock Grant Incentive Plan ”) will be book-entry shares with a nominal value of two pesos ($2) each and with the right to one (1) vote per share, and they shall not exceed, in total, five percent (5%) of the Company’s common shares outstanding after issuance of the Shares Subject to Stock Grant Incentive Plan .

 

2. Stock Grant Incentive Plan Beneficiaries

 

The Shares Subject to the Stock Grant Incentive Plan may only be granted to Beneficiaries.

 

3.                                     Stock Grant Incentive PlanAdministration

 

The Stock Grant Incentive Plan will be administered and implemented by the Compensation Committee (the “ Committee ”), composed of three (3) Company Directors who, in turn, shall be independent directors as required by the Comisión Nacional de Valores , the standards of the Bolsa de Comercio de Buenos Aires (Buenos Aires Board of Trade), and consistent with the independence standards and rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the New York Stock Exchange. Those directors shall hold office for their specific term, with the possibility of being re-elected indefinitely as long as they remain members of the Company’s Board and remain independent. The initial members of the Committee shall be the following directors: Mr. Manuel Alberto Sobrado, Ms. Cintia Guillermina Castagnino and Mr. Marcelo Adolfo Carrique. After expiration of the term of office of the initial members of the Committee as Directors of the Company, the Board, at its first meeting held after the Annual Meeting of Shareholders where the annual financial statements are passed upon and a new Board is appointed, shall appoint the members to serve on the Committee for the next three fiscal years following the date on which the financial statements are passed upon by such Annual Meeting of Shareholders. The members of the Committee can only be Beneficiaries if they are specifically authorized by the Company’s Board.

 


 

The Committee shall have broad powers to implement, administrate and modify the Stock Grant Incentive Plan, in accordance with the provisions hereof.

 

The Committee shall select Beneficiaries on an annual basis and establish the quantity of Shares Subject to the Stock Grant Incentive Plan to be awarded to each Beneficiary subject to the limits specified in the Stock Grant Incentive Plan.

 

4. Issue of Shares

 

The number of Shares Subject to the Stock Grant Incentive Plan to be issued in each fiscal year shall be determined by the Committee and be subject to the approval of the Board.

 

No payment shall be required by the Beneficiaries in respect of the Shares Subject to the Stock Grant Incentive Plan. The issuance of the Shares Subject to the Stock Grant Incentive Plan shall be made against the net and realized profits of the Company or its unrestricted reserves.

 

At the Annual Meeting of Shareholders where the annual financial statements are passed upon, the Company’s shareholders shall consider and vote on whether to approve the increase in the capital stock of the Company in an amount equivalent to the amount of Shares Subject to the Stock Grant Incentive Plan issued during that fiscal year. The issuance of the Shares Subject to the Stock Grant Incentive Plan in each fiscal year shall be conditioned on: (i) the existence of the Company’s net and realized in profits during the fiscal year; or (ii) at the option of the Meeting of Shareholders of the Company, the existence of unrestricted reserves that may be used for the purposes of the Stock Grant Incentive Plan for that fiscal year.

 

5. Economic Benefit

 

In the event that the grant and/or issuance of the Shares Subject to the Stock Grant Incentive Plan generates an economic benefit to the Beneficiary (the “Benefit ”), this will be recorded in the Company’s employment documents or those of the subsidiary employing the Beneficiary, as applicable, and those of the Beneficiary, in accordance with applicable regulations, and it will be subject to all applicable deductions under current legislation, including social security and income taxes, if applicable.

 

6. Approval; Stock Grant Incentive Plan Amendment

 

This Stock Grant Incentive Plan was approved by resolution of the Ordinary and Extraordinary Meeting of the Company dated December 17, 2014 and by resolution of the Company’s Board dated August 25, 2015.

 

The Board of Directors of the Company has authorized the Committee to perform all acts necessary or convenient for the administration and implementation of the Stock Grant Incentive Plan, including making amendments to the Stock Grant Incentive Plan at any time (except for the provisions in art. 3 of the Stock Grant Incentive Plan that may only be modified by the Board).

 


 

Any amendments shall be binding with respect to the Shares Subject to the Stock Grant Incentive Plan to be issued, as well as for those already issued, subject, in the latter case, to the consent of each Beneficiary.

 

7. Stock Grant Incentive Plan Expiration

 

The Shares Subject to the Stock Grant Incentive Plan may be issued at the Meeting of Shareholders of the Company that passes upon the annual financial statements or at any other time (in which case, the actual issuance of Shares Subject to the Stock Grant Incentive Plan shall be subject to the existence of net and realized profits of the Company during the respective fiscal year or, at the option of the Meeting of Shareholders of the Company, the existence of unrestricted reserves that may be used for the purposes of the Stock Grant Incentive Plan for that fiscal year), but must be granted before the tenth (10th) anniversary of the date of approval of the Stock Grant Incentive Plan by the Board of the Company (the “ Stock Grant Incentive Plan Expiration ”). The Committee may terminate the Stock Grant Incentive Plan at any time without detriment to the rights acquired by the holders of the Shares Subject to the Stock Grant Incentive Plan issued or subscribed to at that date.

 

In the event that a Public Offering for Withdrawal from the System of Public Offering in accordance with Law No. 26.831 of the Argentine Capital Market Law and Regulatory Decree No. 1023/2013 and the Rules of the CNV (as per NT RG 622/2013) occurs, the Stock Grant Incentive Plan will remain in force.

 

8. Governing Law

 

This Stock Grant Incentive Plan shall be governed by the laws of Argentina.

 

9. Dispute Resolution

 

Any dispute as to the scope or interpretation of the provisions of this Stock Grant Incentive Plan shall be, in all matters permitted by the law, resolved by the Committee or, failing that, shall be irrevocably submitted to the jurisdiction of an arbitration tribunal of the arbitration center at the Stock Exchange of Buenos Aires, in accordance with Article 46 of the Capital Market Law.

 

10. Miscellaneous

 

(a)  Extraordinary Nature of the Stock Grant Incentive Plan. The Stock Grant Incentive Plan is an extraordinary benefit limited exclusively to the Stock Grant Incentive Plan Expiration (except in matters related to applicable restrictions to that date and the Shares Subject to the Stock Grant Incentive Plan issued). For that reason, participation in the Stock Grant Incentive Plan shall not grant any current or potential rights to any Beneficiary to demand that the Stock Grant Incentive Plan should be extended in time or that it should recur in subsequent periods.

 

(b)  Disclaimer of obligation to grant similar benefits. Participation in the Stock Grant Incentive Plan shall not grant to any Beneficiary the right to participate in any other plan, compensatory scheme or Company policy, whether existing or to be created in the future.

 


 

(c)  Job Security or Working Conditions Disclaimer. Participation in the Stock Grant Incentive Plan and any actions taken within its context shall not imply: (i) continued employment or job stability for the Beneficiary, nor a limitation on the power of the Beneficiary or of the Company or its subsidiaries to terminate the Beneficiary’s employment contract at any time; or (ii) a limitation on the power of the Company or its subsidiaries to modify the employment contract or working conditions of the Beneficiary (including compensatory structure).

 

(d)  Severability. Should any provision of this Stock Grant Incentive Plan be held invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforceability of the other provisions shall not be affected. In the event that any provision of this Stock Grant Incentive Plan is considered unenforceable for being too comprehensive, that provision shall not be void but it shall be limited to the extent required by applicable regulations so as to be executable.

 

(e)  Titles and Headings. The titles and headings used in this document are mere references and shall not affect, under any circumstances, the interpretation of the provisions in the Stock Grant Incentive Plan.

 


Exhibit 15.1

 

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

 

We hereby consent to the use in this Registration Statement on Form 20-F of Bioceres Crop Solutions Corp. of our report dated December 21, 2018 relating to the combined financial statements of Bioceres Inc. Crop Business and Bioceres Semillas S.A., which appears in this Registration Statement.

 

/s/ Price Waterhouse & Co. S.R.L.

 

 

/s/ GABRIEL MARCELO PERRONE

 

Gabriel Marcelo Perrone

 

Partner

 

 

Rosario, Argentina

March 14, 2019