NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Nature of Operations

Ideanomics, Inc. (Nasdaq: IDEX) is a Nevada corporation that primarily operates in the United States and Asia. The Company is comprised of two operating segments (i) our Legacy YOD business with primary operations in the PRC which has been winding down operations over the last 12 months and (ii) our Mobile Energy Group (MEG) (formally known as our Wecast Service) business, which is transitioning to focus on the commercial fleet market for electric vehicles in addition to the Company’s existing fintech advisory business. Our MEG business operates as an end-to-end solutions provider for the procurement, financing, charging and energy management needs for fleet operators of commercial Electronic Vehicles (EV). MEG operates through a series of joint ventures with the leading companies in the commercial EV space, principally in China, and earns fees for every transaction completed based on the spread for group buying of vehicles and fees derived from the arrangement of financing and energy management such as commercial purchasing of pre-paid electricity credits. MEG focuses on commercial EV rather than passenger EV, as commercial EV is on an accelerated adoption path when compared to consumer EV adoption – which is expected to take between ten to fifteen years. We focus on four distinct commercial vehicles types with supporting income streams: 1) Closed-area heavy commercial, in areas such as Mining, Airports, and Sea Ports; 2) Last-mile delivery light commercial; 3) Buses and Coaches; 4) Taxis. The purchase and financing of vehicles provides for one-time fees and the charging and energy management provides for recurring revenue streams. In July 2019 the company invested in Glory Connection Snd. Bhd, (Glory) a vehicle manufacturer based in Malaysia. Glory holds the only license granted so far for the manufacture of electric vehicles in Malaysia and is in the process of setting up its manufacturing and assembly capabilities.

We continue to develop our FinTech services which principally consist of our ownership of the Delaware Board of Trade (DBOT) ATS, Intelligenta for marketing AI solutions to the Financial Services industry and FinTech Village, a 58 acre development site in West Hartford, Connecticut.

The fintech business intends to offer customized services based on best-in-class blockchain, AI and other technologies to mature and emerging businesses across various industries. To do so, we are building a financial technology ecosystem through license agreements, joint ventures and strategic investments, which we refer to as our “Fintech Ecosystem”.

Basis of Presentation

In this Form 10-Q, unless the context otherwise requires, the use of the terms "we," "us", "our" and the “Company” refers to Ideanomics, Inc, its consolidated subsidiaries and variable interest entities (“VIEs”).

On April 24, 2018, the Company completed the acquisition of a 100% equity ownership in Shanghai Guang Ming Investment Management (“Guang Ming”), a PRC limited liability company. One of the two selling shareholders is a related party, an affiliate of Bruno Wu (“Dr. Wu”). Guang Ming holds a special fund management license. The acquisition will help the Company develop a fund management platform. Under Accounting Standard Codification (“ASC”) 805-50-05-5 and ASC 805-50-30-5, the transaction was accounted for as a reorganization of entities under common control, in a manner similar to a pooling of interest, using historical costs. As a result of the reorganization, the net assets of Guang Ming were transferred to the Company, and the accompanying consolidated financial statements as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 have been prepared as if the current corporate structure had been in place at the beginning of the periods presented in which the common control existed.

In the opinion of management, the unaudited interim consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments of a normal recurring nature that are necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods presented. All significant intercompany transactions and balances are eliminated on consolidation. However, the results of operations included in such financial statements may not necessary be indicative of annual results.

We use the same accounting policies in preparing quarterly and annual financial statements. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in the annual consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted. These unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company's audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 1, 2019 (“2018 Annual Report”).  

Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, as well as the related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those related to the bad debt allowance, variable considerations, fair values of financial instruments, intangible assets (including digital currencies) and goodwill, useful lives of intangible assets and property and equipment, asset retirement obligations, income taxes, and contingent liabilities, among others. We base our estimates on assumptions, both historical and forward looking, that are believed to be reasonable, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities.

Fair Value Measurements

Accounting standards require the categorization of financial assets and liabilities, based on the inputs to the valuation technique, into a three-level fair value hierarchy. The various levels of the fair value hierarchy are described as follows:

The fair value hierarchy requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value.

The Company reviews the valuation techniques used to determine if the fair value measurements are still appropriate on an annual basis and evaluate and adjust the unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurements based on current market conditions and third party information.

Our financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis include cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued expenses, other current liabilities and convertible notes. The fair values of these assets approximate carrying values because of the short-term nature of these instruments. If these instruments were measured at fair value in the financial statements, they would be classified as Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy.

Our financial assets that are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis include goodwill and other intangible assets, asset retirement obligations, and adjustment in carrying value of equity securities for which the measurement alternative of cost less impairment plus or minus observable price changes is used. There were no material impairments and no material adjustments to equity securities using the measurement alternative for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018.

Digital Currency

Digital currency consists of GTDollar Coins (“GTB”), Bitcoin and Ethereum.

GTB is received in connection with the services agreement and assets purchase agreement with GT Dollar Pte. Ltd. (“GTD”), our minority shareholder at the time of the transaction (Note 3 and 14 (b)). As of September 30, 2019, GTD has disposed of its investment in the Company and is no longer a minority shareholder.

GTB is a type of digital asset that is not a fiat currency and is not backed by hard assets or other financial instruments, and does not represent an investment in GTD or a right to access GTD’s platform. As a result, the value of GTB is determined by the value that various market participants place on GTB through their transactions. GTB holders make or lose money from buying and selling GTB. To date, the Asia EDX exchange has not permitted holders of GTB, Bitcoin or Ethereum to exchange digital currencies held in accounts at the exchange for fiat. The company is unable to predict when our cryptocurrency holdings will be convertible into fiat and consequently does not consider them to be part of the company’s liquid resources.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company gradually converted 1,038,778 GTB to 2,763 Bitcoins and 21,312 Ethereum. As of September 30, 2019, the Company holds 7,294,555 GTB, 2,763 Bitcoins and 21,312 Ethereum. These Bitcoins and Etheruem represent GTB denominated in Bitcoin & Etheruem and do not represent a direct holding of Bitcoin and Etheruem.

Given that there is limited precedent regarding the classification and measurement of cryptocurrencies and other digital currencies under current GAAP, the Company has determined to account for these currencies as indefinite-lived intangible assets in accordance with ASC 350, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other until further guidance is issued by the FASB.

Indefinite-lived intangible assets are recorded at cost and are not subject to amortization, but shall be tested for impairment annually and more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not that the asset is impaired. If, at the time of an impairment test, the carrying amount of an intangible asset exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss in an amount equal to the excess is recognized. The fair value of GTB currency was a Level 2 measurement (see Note 3) based upon the consideration agreed by GTD and the Company with a discount considering volatility, risk and limitations at contract inception.

Assets and Liabilities Held for Sale

The Company classifies assets and liabilities (disposal group) to be sold as held for sale in the period in which all of the following criteria are met: management, having the authority to approve the action, commits to a plan to sell the disposal groups; the disposal group is available for immediate sale in its present condition subject only to terms that are usual and customary for sales of such disposal group; an active program to locate a buyer and other actions required to complete the plan to sell the disposal group have been initiated; the sale of the disposal group is probable, and transfer of the disposal group is expected to qualify as a completed sale within one year, except if events or circumstances beyond the Company’s control extend the period of time required to sell the disposal group beyond one year; the disposal group is being actively marketed for sale at a price that is reasonable in relation to its current fair value; and actions required to complete the plan indicate that it is unlikely that significant changes to the plan will be made or that the plan will be withdrawn.

The Company initially measures a disposal group that is classified as held for sale at the lower of its carrying value or fair value less any costs to sell. Any loss resulting from this measurement is recognized in the period in which the held for sale criteria are met. Gains are not recognized on the sale of a disposal group until the date of sale. The Company assesses the fair value of a disposal group, less any costs to sell, each reporting period it remains classified as held for sale and reports any subsequent losses as an adjustment to the carrying value of the disposal group.

Reclassifications of a General Nature

Certain amounts in the prior periods presented have been reclassified to conform to the current period financial statement presentation. These reclassifications have no effect on previously reported net income. Note 2 provides information about our adoption of new accounting standards for leases.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

We adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), as of January 1, 2019, using a modified retrospective transition method and as a result, the consolidated balance sheet prior to January 1, 2019 was not restated, continues to be reported under ASC Topic 840, Leases, or ASC 840. For all leases at the lease commencement date, a right-of-use asset and a lease liability are recognized. The right-of-use asset represents the right to use the leased asset for the lease term. The lease liability represents the present value of the lease payments under the lease.

The lease liability is based on the present value of the remaining minimum lease payments, determined under ASC 840, discounted using our incremental borrowing rate at the effective date of January 1, 2019, using the original lease term as the tenor. As permitted under the transition guidance, we elected several practical expedients that permit us to not reassess (1) whether a contract is or contains a lease, (2) the classification of existing leases, and (3) whether previously capitalized costs continue to qualify as initial indirect costs. The application of the practical expedients did not have a significant impact on the measurement of the operating lease liability. Adoption of the new standard resulted in the recording of operating right of use assets and the related lease liabilities of approximately $3.6 million and $3.7 million, respectively, as of January 1, 2019. The difference between the additional lease assets and lease liabilities was immaterial. The standard did not materially impact our consolidated operating results and had no impact on cash flows. Please see Note 10.

In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-07, Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting, which largely aligns the measurement and classification guidance for share-based payments to nonemployees with the guidance for share-based payments to employees. The ASU also clarifies that any share-based payment issued to a customer should be evaluated under ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers . The ASU requires a modified retrospective transition approach. We adopted ASU 2018-07 as of January 1, 2019 and there is no impact to our consolidated financial statement because we did not have such payments in 2019.

In July 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-11, (Part I) Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Down Round Features, (Part II) Replacement of the Indefinite Deferral for Mandatorily Redeemable Financial Instruments of Certain Nonpublic Entities and Certain Mandatorily Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests with a Scope Exception. The new standard applies to issuers of financial instruments with down-round features. A down-round provision is a term in an equity-linked financial instrument (i.e. a freestanding warrant contract or an equity conversion feature embedded within a host debt or equity contract) that triggers a downward adjustment to the instrument’s strike price (or conversion price) if equity shares are issued at a lower price (or equity-linked financial instruments are issued at a lower strike price) than the instrument’s then-current strike price. The purpose of the feature is typically to protect the instrument’s counterparty from future issuances of equity shares at a more favorable price. The ASU amends (1) the classification of such instruments as liabilities or equity by revising the certain guidance relative to evaluating if they must be accounted for as derivative instruments and (2) the guidance on recognition and measurement of freestanding equity-classified instruments. For the Company, this ASU was effective January 1, 2019. Please see Note 12.

Standards Issued and Not Yet Adopted

In June 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-13 (ASU 2016-13) "Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments" which requires the measurement and recognition of expected credit losses for financial assets held at amortized cost. ASU 2016-13 replaces the existing incurred loss impairment model with an expected loss model which requires the use of forward-looking information to calculate credit loss estimates. It also eliminates the concept of other-than-temporary impairment and requires credit losses related to available-for-sale debt securities to be recorded through an allowance for credit losses rather than as a reduction in the amortized cost basis of the securities. These changes will result in earlier recognition of credit losses. We will adopt ASU 2016-13 effective January 1, 2020. We are currently evaluating the effect of the adoption of ASU 2016-13 on our consolidated financial statements. The effect will largely depend on the composition and credit quality of our investment portfolio and the economic conditions at the time of adoption.

The Company recognizes revenue when its customer obtains control of promised goods or services in an amount that reflects the consideration which the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services.

All of the Company’s revenue is derived from Mobile Energy Group (formerly Wecast Services). The following table presents our revenues disaggregated by revenue source, geography (based on our business locations) and timing of revenue recognition.

Mobile Energy Group revenue (formerly Wecast Services)

Mobile Energy Group is engaged in the sourcing, procurement, financing and management of commercial fleets of electronic vehicles. Historically, the Mobile Energy Group were mainly engaged in the logistics management, including sales of crude oil, consumer electronics, and digital consulting services such as assets management and marketing services. As of September 30, 2019, we no longer have control over Amer, the subsidiary that engaged in consumer electronics business, as disclosed in Note 5(h).

Logistics management revenue:

Revenue from the sales of crude oil and consumer electronics is recognized when the customer obtains control of the Company’s crude oil and consumer electronics, which occurs at a point in time, usually upon shipment or upon acceptance. The contracts are generally short-term contracts where the time between order confirmation and satisfaction of all performance obligations is less than one year.

The most significant judgment is determining whether we are the principal or agent for the sales of crude oil and consumer electronics. We report revenues from these transactions on a gross basis where we are the principal considering the following principal versus agent indicators:

During the fourth quarter of 2018, we began experiencing market demand for non-logistics management revenue -generating opportunities and have begun focusing our efforts on these new market fintech services opportunities, while phasing out of the oil trading and electronics trading businesses.

Digital asset management service with GTD:

On March 14, 2019, the Company entered into a service agreement with GTD, one of our minority shareholders, to provide digital asset management services including consulting, advisory and management services which will be delivered in two phases. There are two performance obligations: (1) the development of a master plan for GTD’s assets for 7,083,333 GTB agreed by both parties; and (2) exclusive marketing and business development management services for a fee as percentage (0.25%) of the total market value of GTB ; based on a 10-day average of the 10 business days leading up to the end of a respective calendar month, and paid on the first day of each new calendar month. No marketing and business development management services were delivered by the Company during the current quarter and, furthermore, the company does not anticipate providing these services in the fourth quarter.

The Company recognizes revenue for the master plan development services over the contract period based on the progress of the services provided towards completed satisfaction. Based on ASC 606-10-32, at contract inception, the Company considered the following factors to estimate the value of GTB (noncash consideration): a) it only trades in one exchange, which operations have been less than one year; b) its historical volatility is high; c) the Company’s intention to hold the majority of GTB, as part of our digital asset management services; and d) associated risks discussed in Note 19 (f). Therefore, the value of 7,083,333 GTB using Level 2 measurement was approximately $40.7 million with a 76% discount to the fixed contract price agreed upon by both parties when signing the contract. We considered similar assets exchanges in Singapore and considered the volatility of the quoted prices and determined a discount of 76%. The estimated value of GTB is calculated using the Black-Scholes valuation model using the following assumptions: expected terms 3.0 years; volatility 155%; dividend yield: zero and risk free interest rate 2.25%.

The Company considers the payments for marketing and business development management services as performance based consideration, in accordance with ASC 606 on constraining estimates of variable consideration, including the following factors:

As of September 30, 2019, all performance obligations associated with the development of the master plan for GTD’s assets have been satisfied. Accordingly, the Company recognized revenue of $0 and $40.7 million, for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively. No marketing and business development management services were delivered by the Company during the current quarter and, furthermore, the company does not anticipate providing these services in the fourth quarter.

Taxis Commission Revenue:

During Q2 2019, the Company signed an agreement with iUnicorn (also known as Shenma Zhuanche) to form a strategic joint venture (“JV”) that will focus on green finance and integrated marketing services for new energy taxi vehicles as part of Ideanomics’ Mobile Energy Group (“MEG”). The Company agreed to contribute advisory and sales resources which include arranging ABS-based auto financing with its bank partners, and will have 50.01% ownership interest in the JV and will have control of the board. iUnicorn, which will own 49.99% of the JV, agreed to contribute its vehicles sales orders in Sichuan province. The JV will generate revenues from commissions on vehicle sales order and ABS fees related to the financing, which will vary accordingly to manufacturer and vehicle model.

During Q3 2019, the JV took over an order of 4,172 EV taxis from a third-party and helped facilitate the completion of the order in Q3 2019. As part of the transaction, Qianxi agreed to pay a commission of $2.9 million to the JV for facilitating the completion of this order. There is no other remaining performance obligation relating to this commission. In addition, the commission revenue is considered revenue from related party as the minority shareholder of the JV is an affiliate of our customer, Qianxi.

Legacy YOD revenue

Since 2017, we have run our legacy YOD segment with limited resources. No revenue was recognized for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018. As of September 30, 2019, we have ceased operations in the YOD segment.

Arrangements with multiple performance obligations

Our contracts with customers may include multiple performance obligations. For such arrangements, we allocate revenue to each performance obligation based on its relative standalone selling price. We generally determine standalone selling prices based on the observable prices charged to customers or adjusted market assessment or using expected cost plus margin when one is available. Adjusted market assessment price is determined based on overall pricing objectives taking into consideration market conditions and entity specific factors.

Variable consideration

Certain customers may receive discounts, which are accounted for as variable consideration. We estimate these amounts based on the expected amount to be provided to customers and reduce revenues recognized. Our revenue reserves, consisting of various discounts and allowances, which are components of variable consideration as discussed above, are considered an area of significant judgment. Additionally, our digital asset management service revenue, as discussed above, is calculated as a percentage (0.25%) of the total market value of GTB. For these areas of significant judgment, actual amounts may ultimately differ from our estimates and are adjusted in the period in which they become known.

Deferred revenues

We record deferred revenues when cash payments are received or due in advance of our performance, including amounts which are refundable.

Our payment terms vary by the type and location of our customer and the products or services offered. For certain products or services and customer types, we require payment before the products or services are delivered to the customer.

Practical expedients and exemptions

We do not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with an original expected length of one year or less.

We consolidate VIEs in which we hold a variable interest and are the primary beneficiary through contractual agreements. We are the primary beneficiary because we have the power to direct activities that most significantly affect their economic performance and have the obligation to absorb the majority of their losses or benefits. The results of operations and financial position of these VIEs are included in our consolidated financial statements.

For these consolidated VIEs, their assets are not available to us and their creditors do not have recourse to us. As of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, assets (mainly long-term investments) that can only be used to settle obligations of these VIEs were approximately $0.2 million and $3.5 million, respectively, and the Company is the major creditor for the VIEs.

In order to operate our Legacy YOD business in PRC and to comply with PRC laws and regulations that prohibit or restrict foreign ownership of companies that provides value-added telecommunication services, the Company entered into a series of contractual agreements with two VIEs: Beijing Sinotop Scope Technology Co., Ltd (“Sinotop Beijing”) and Tianjin Sevenstarflix Network Technology Limited (“SSF”). These contractual agreements will expire in March 2030 and April 2036, respectively and may not be terminated by the VIEs, except with the consent of  the Company , or , in event of a material breach of the agreement by the Company. Currently, the Company is still evaluating the overall operating strategy for YOD legacy business and does not have plan to provide any funding to these two VIEs. Please refer to Note 19(a) for associated regulatory risks.

Based on the contracts we entered with VIEs’ shareholders, we consider that there is no asset of the VIEs that can be used only to settle obligation of the Company, except for the registered capital of VIEs amounting to RMB 38.2 million (approximately $5.7 million).

Acquisitions

(a) Assets Acquisition of SolidOpinion, Inc (“SolidOpinion”)

On February 19, 2019, the Company completed the acquisition of certain assets from SolidOpinion in exchange for 4,500,000 shares of the Company’s common stock. The assets include cash ($2.5 million) and intellectual property (“IP”) which is complementary to the IP of Grapevine. The parties agreed that 450,000 of such shares of common stock (“Escrow Shares”) will be held in escrow until February 19, 2020 in connection with SolidOpinion’s indemnity obligations pursuant to the agreement. SolidOpinion have the rights to vote and receive the dividends paid with respect to the Escrow Shares. 

(b) Assets Acquisition of Fintalk Assets (“Fintalk”)

In September 2018, the Company entered into an agreement to purchase Fintalk Assets from Sun Seven Star International Limited, a Hong Kong company and an affiliate of Dr. Wu. FinTalk Assets include the rights, titles and interest in a secure mobile financial information, social, and messaging platform that has been designed for streamlining financial-based communication for professional and retail users. The purchase price for Fintalk Assets was $7.0 million payable with $1.0 million in cash and shares of the Company’s common stock with a fair market value of $6.0 million. The Company paid $1.0 million in October 2018 and recorded in prepaid expense as of December 31, 2018 because the transaction had not closed.

In June 2019, the Company entered into an amendment to the agreement which amended the purchase price for Fintalk Assets to $6.35 million payable with $1.0 million in cash and shares of the Company’s common stock with a fair market value of $5.35 million. The Company issued 2,860,963 shares ($1.87 per share) in June 2019 and completed the transaction. In addition, upon completion of transaction the $1.0 million cash paid in 2018 was reclassified from prepaid expense to intangible assets.

(c) Acquisition of Grapevine Logic, Inc. (“Grapevine”)

In September 2018, the Company completed the acquisition of a 65.65% share of Grapevine for $2.4 million in cash. Fomalhaut Limited (“Fomalhaut”), a British Virgin Islands company and an affiliate of Dr. Wu, the Chairman of the Company, is the non-controlling equity holder of 34.35% in Grapevine (the “Fomalhaut Interest”). Fomalhaut entered into an option agreement, effective as of August 31, 2018 (the “Option Agreement”), with the Company pursuant to which the Company provided Fomalhaut with the option to sell the Fomalhaut Interest to the Company (the “Option”). The aggregate exercise price for the Option is the fair market value of the Fomalhaut Interest as of the close of business on the date preceding the date upon which the Option is exercised, and is payable in a combination of 1/3 in cash and 2/3 in the Company’s shares of common stock at the then market value on the exercise date. The Option Agreement will expire on August 31, 2021.

In May 2019, the Company entered into two amendments to the Option Agreement, The aggregate exercise price for the Option is amended to the greater of (i) fair market value of the Fomalhaut Interest in Grapevine as of the close of business on the date preceding the date upon which the option is exercised; and (ii) $1.84 per share of the Company’s common stock. It was also agreed that the full amount of the exercise price shall be paid in the form of common stock of the Company.

In June 2019, the Company issued 590,671 shares in exchange for a 34.35% ownership in Grapevine as a result of the exercise of the Option, at the completion of this transaction the Company owned 100% of Grapevine. At the completion date of the transaction, the carrying amount of the non-controlling interest in Grapevine was approximately $0.5 million. The difference between the value of the consideration exchanged of approximately $1.1 million and the carrying amount of the non-controlling interest in Grapevine is recorded as a debit to Additional Paid in Capital based on ASC 810-10-45-23.

(d) Termination of agreements with Tree Motion Sdn. Bhd. (“Tree Motion”)

Effective July 18, 2019, Ideanomics, Inc. (the “Company”) terminated its Acquisition Agreement with Tree Motion Sdn. Bhd., a Malaysian company (“Tree Motion”), pursuant to which the Company was to acquire 51% of Tree Motion in exchange for 25,500,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at $2.00 per share. Further, the Company terminated its Acquisition Agreement to acquire 11.22% of Tree Motion’s parent company, Tree Manufacturing Sdn. Bhd. (the “Parent Company”) for 12,190,000 shares of the Company’s common stock; provided, however, that the Company has acquired 250 acres in Malaysia-China Kuantan Industrial Park (MCKIP), the 1st Malaysia National Industrial Park joint developed by both Malaysia and China for $620,000.

(e) Acquisition of Glory Connection Sdn. Bhd (“Glory”)

On July 18, 2019, Ideanomics, Inc. (the “Company”) entered into an Acquisition Agreement (“Glory Agreement”) to purchase a 34% interest in Glory Connection Sdn. Bhd. a Malaysian Company, from its shareholder Beijing Financial Holding Limited, a Hong Kong registered company, for the consideration of 12,190,000 restricted common shares of Ideanomics (IDEX), representing $24.4 million at $2.00 per share. As part of this transaction, the Company was also granted an option to purchase a 40% interest in Bigfair Holdings Limited (“Bigfair”) from its shareholder Beijing Financial Holding Limited for an exercise price of $13.2 million in the form of common shares of Ideanomics. Bigfair currently holds a 51% ownership stake in Glory. The option is exercisable from July 18, 2020 to July 19, 2021. If the option was exercised, the Company would have 20.4% indirect ownership in Glory in addition to the 34% direct ownership it already has. As of September 30, 2019, the Company does not have control of Glory and has accounted for Glory as an equity method investment.

The Company has performed a valuation analysis and allocated $23,000,000 and $1,380,000 of the consideration transferred to the equity method investment and the call option, respectively. The call option is accounted for as an equity security without readily determinable fair value. Pro forma results of operations for Glory have not been presented because they are not material to the consolidated results of operations. Glory is currently in the process of ramping up its operations.

The following table summarizes the income statement information of Glory as of September 30, 2019:

(f) Acquisition of Delaware Board of Trade Holdings, Inc. (“DBOT”)

In April 2019, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement to acquire 6,918,547 shares in DBOT in exchange for 4,427,870 shares of the Company’s common stock at $2.11 per share. In July 2019, the Company entered into another securities purchase agreement to acquire an additional 2,224,937 shares in DBOT in exchange for 1,423,960 shares of the Company’s common stock at $2.11 per share. The two transactions, which increased the Company’s ownership in DBOT to 99.04%, were completed in July 2019. The securities purchase agreements required the Company to issue additional shares of the Company’s common stock (“True-Up Common Stock”) in the event the stock price of the common stock fall below $2.11 at the close of trading on the date immediately preceding the lock-up date, which is 9 months from the closing date. The Company accounted for the additional True-Up Common Stock consideration as a liability in accordance with ASC 480. We recorded this liability at fair value of $2,217,034 on the date of acquisition. As of September 30, 2019, we remeasured this liability to $2,327,919 and the remeasurement loss of $(110,885) was recorded in the other income/(expense) of the income statement.

DBOT operates three companies: (i) DBOT ATS LLC, an SEC recognized Alternative Trading System; (ii) DBOT Issuer Services LLC, focused on setting and maintaining issuer standards, as well as the provision of issuer services to DBOT designated issuers; and (iii) DBOT Technology Services LLC, focused on the provision of market data and marketplace connectivity.

The consolidated statements of operation for the three months ended September 30, 2019 include the results of DBOT. Supplemental information on an unaudited pro forma basis, as if the acquisition had been consummated as of January 1, 2018 is as follows:

The unaudited pro forma results of operations do not purport to represent what the Company’s results of operations would actually have been had the acquisition occurred on January 1, 2018. Actual future results may vary considerably based on a variety of factors beyond the Company’s control.

For all intangible assets acquired, continuing membership agreements have useful life of 20 years and the customer list has useful life of 3 years.

The following table summarizes the acquisition-date fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, as well as the fair value of the non-controlling interest in DBOT recognized:

Divestitures

The Company may divest certain businesses from time to time based upon review of the Company’s portfolio considering, among other items, factors relative to the extent of strategic and technological alignment and optimization of capital deployment, in addition to considering if selling the businesses results in the greatest value creation for the Company and for shareholders.

(g) Red Rock Global Capital LTD (“Red Rock”)

In May 2019, the Company determined to sell the Red Rock business and entered into an agreement with Redrock Capital Group Limited, an affiliate of Dr. Wu, to sell its entire interest in Red Rock for a consideration of $700,000. The Company decided to sell Red Rock primarily because it has incurred operating losses and its business is no longer needed based on our strategic plan. The transaction was completed in July 2019 and the company recorded a disposal gain of $552,215.

(h) Amer Global Technology Limited (“Amer”)

On June 30, 2019, the Company entered into an agreement with BCC Technology Company Limited (“BCC”) and Tekang Holdings Technology Co., Ltd (“Tekang ”) pursuant to which Tekang will inject certain assets in the robotics and electronic internet industry and IOT business consisting of manufacturing data, supply chain management & financing, and lease financing of industrial robotics into Amer in exchange for 71.81% of ownership interest in Amer. The parties subsequently entered into several amendments including (1) changing the name of Amer to Logistorm Technology Limited, (2) issuing 39,500 new shares in Amer or 71.81% ownership interest to BCC instead of Tekang, (3) issuing 5,500 new shares in Amer or 10% ownership interest to Merry Heart Technology Limited (“MHT”) and (4) the Company is responsible for 20% of any potential tax obligation associated with Amer, if Amer fails to be publicly listed in 36 months from the closing date of this transaction. The Company concluded that it’s not probable that this contingent liability would be incurred. As a result of this transaction, the Company’s ownership interest in Amer was diluted from 55% to 10%. The transaction was completed on August 31, 2019.

The Company recognized a disposal gain of $505,148 as a result of the deconsolidating Amer. $95,104 of the gain is attributable to the 10% ownership interest retained in Amer. In addition, on the date Amer was deconsolidated, the Company recorded a bad debt expense of $622,286 relating to a receivable due from Amer to a subsidiary of the Company.

The following table summarizes the Consolidated Statement of Operations for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2018, on an unaudited pro forma basis, as if the dilution of the Company’s interest in Amer had been consummated as of January 1, 2018:

Pro forma results of operations for the period ended September 30, 2019 have not been presented because they are not material to the consolidated results of operations. Amer has no revenue and minimal operating expense in 2019.

The following table outlines the aging of the accounts receivable:

The decrease in balance is mainly due to the deconsolidation of Amer as of September 30, 2019 as disclosed in Note 5(h). Our payment term is usually within 180 days upon the receipts of the goods. The Company has reviewed the outstanding balance by customers and concluded that the outstanding balances are collectible.

Note

¹ The $2.3 million decrease from the prior year represents the impairment charge recorded in connection with four of the five existing buildings on Fintech Village which are expected to be demolished.

The Company recorded depreciation expense, which is included in its operating expense, of $65,862 and $14,820 for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 and $102,991 and $32,941 for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

The Company recorded $8.0 million of Asset Retirement Obligations which are related to our legal contractual obligations in connection with the acquisition of Fintech Village. The Capitalized direct development costs mainly represent the architectural costs.

Note

¹ The change in carrying amount of goodwill in the current year was the result of the acquisition of DBOT as disclosed in Note 5(f).

 Note

¹ During the third quarter of 2019, the Company completed the acquisition of additional shares in DBOT which increased its ownership in DBOT to 99.04%. $8,314,270 of intangible assets were recognized on the date of acquisition as disclosed in Note 5(f).

Amortization expense relating to intangible assets was $764,010 and $276,692 for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 and $1,317,419 and $281,796 for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

The following table outlines the expected amortization expense for the following years:

Non-marketable equity investment 

Our non-marketable equity investments are investments in privately held companies without readily determinable fair values. These investments are carried at cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or a similar investment of the same issuer.

The Company reviews its equity securities without readily determinable fair values on a regular basis to determine if the investment is impaired. For purposes of this assessment, the Company considers the investee’s cash position, earnings and revenue outlook, liquidity and management ownership, among other factors, in its review. If management’s assessment indicates that an impairment exists, the Company estimates the fair value of the equity investment and recognizes in current earnings an impairment loss that is equal to the difference between the fair value of the equity investment and its carrying amount. There is no impairment for the nine months ended September 30, 2019.

Equity method investments

The Company’s investment in companies accounted for using the equity method of accounting consist of the following:

All the investments above are privately held companies; therefore, quoted market prices are not available. We have not received any dividends since initial investments.

(i) Wecast Internet

Starting from October 2016, we have 50% interest in Wecast Internet Limited (“Wecast Internet”) and initial investment was invested RMB 1,000,000 (approximately $149,750). Wecast Internet is in the process of liquidation and the remaining carrying value is immaterial.

(ii)  Hua Cheng Hu Dong (Beijing) Film and Television Communication Co., Ltd.(“Hua Cheng”)

The Company held 39% equity ownership in Hua Cheng, a company established to provide integrated value-added service solutions for the delivery of VOD and enhanced content for cable providers.

(iii)  Shandong Lushi Media Co., Ltd (“Shandong Media”)

The Company held 30% equity ownership in Shandong Media, a print based media business, for Legacy YOD business. The accumulated operating loss of Shandong Media reduced the Company’s investment in Shandong Media to zero. The Company has no obligation to fund future operating losses.

(iv)  BBD Digital Capital Group Ltd. (“BDCG”) 

In 2018, we signed a joint venture agreement with two unrelated parties, to establish BDCG located in the United States for providing block chain services for financial or energy industries by utilizing AI and big data technology in the United States. The Company received 40% equity ownership in BDCG from the initial joint venture agreement. On April 24, 2018, the Company acquired 20% equity ownership in BDCG from one noncontrolling party for a total consideration of $9.8 million which consists of $2 million in cash and $7.8 million paid in the form of the Company’s common stock (valued at $2.60 per share and equal to 3 million shares of the Company’s common stock), increasing the Company’s ownership to 60% in BDCG. The remaining 40% of BDCG are held by Seasail ventures limited (“Seasail”). The accounting treatment of the joint venture is based on the equity method due to variable substantive participating rights (in accordance with ASC 810-10-25-11) granted to Seasail. The new entity is currently in the process of ramping up its operations. In April 2019, the company rebranded the name of the BDCG joint venture to Intelligenta. As part of the rebranding, Intelligenta’s strategy will now include credit services, corporation services, index services and products, and capital market services and products.

(v)  Delaware Board of Trade Holdings, Inc. (“DBOT”)

Refer to Note 5(f).

(vi) Glory Connection Sdn. Bhd (“Glory”)  

Refer to Note 5(e).

We lease certain office space and equipment from third parties. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet and we recognize lease expense for these leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term. For leases beginning in 2019 and later, at the inception of a contract we assess whether the contract is, or contains, a lease. Our assessment is based on: (1) whether the contract involves the use of a distinct identified asset, (2) whether we obtain the right to substantially all the economic benefit from the use of the asset throughout the period, and (3) whether we have the right to direct the use of the asset. At inception of a lease, we allocate the consideration in the contract to each lease component based on its relative stand-alone price to determine the lease payments. Leases entered into prior to January 1, 2019, are accounted for under ASC 840 and were not reassessed. We account for lease components (e.g., fixed payments including rent, real estate taxes and insurance costs) separately from the nonlease components (e.g.,common-area maintenance costs).

Most leases include one or more options to renew, with renewal terms that can extend the lease term from one year or more. The exercise of lease renewal options is at our sole discretion. Our leases do not include options to purchase the leased property. The depreciable life of assets and leasehold improvements are limited by the expected lease term. Certain of our lease agreements include rental payments adjusted periodically for inflation. Our lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants. All our leases are operating lease. We have elected not to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for short-term leases that have a term of 12 months or less. The effect of short-term leases and initial direct costs on our right-of-use asset and lease liability was not material.

As of September 30, 2019, our operating lease right of use assets and operating lease liability are approximately $6.8 million and $7.2 million, respectively. The weighted-average remaining lease term is 6.6 years and the weighted-average discount rate is 7.5%.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, the components of lease expense were as follows:

Supplemental information related to leases was as follows:

Maturity of operating lease liability is as follows:

Other Current Assets

“Other current assets” were approximately $2.4 million and $3.6 million as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. Components of "Other current assets" that were more than 5 percent of total current assets: (1) other receivable due from third parties in our subsidiaries located in PRC and Hong Kong in the amount of $1.7 million and $3.3 million for the period ended September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 and (2) $0.6 million receivable due from ID Venturas 7 relating to the convertible debenture executed on September 27, 2019. As disclosed in Note 12(c), we have received the $0.6 million in October.

Other Current Liabilities

“Other current liabilities” were approximately $9.1 million and $5.3 million as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. Components of "Other current liabilities" that were more than 5 percent of total current liabilities: (1) $2.3 million liability relating to additional True-Up Common Stock consideration from the DBOT acquisition as disclosed in Note 5 (f) and (2) other payable due to third parties in the amount of $5.1 million and $4.6 million for the period ended September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.