As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 9, 2021.
Registration No. 333- 251959
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
AMENDMENT No. 1
To
FORM S-1
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
ALFI, INC.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
Delaware | 7370 | 82-5216957 | ||
(State or other jurisdiction
of
incorporation or organization) |
(Primary Standard
Industrial
Classification Code Number) |
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.) |
429 Lenox Avenue
Suite 547
Miami Beach, Florida 33139
(305) 395-4520
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)
Paul Pereira
Chief Executive Officer
429 Lenox Avenue
Suite 547
Miami Beach, Florida 33139
(305) 395-4520
(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)
Copies to:
Andrew M. Tucker Nelson Mullins Riley & Scarborough LLP 101 Constitution Ave NW, Suite 900 Washington, DC 20001 Telephone: (202) 689-2800 |
Jolie Kahn, Esq. 12 East 49th Street 11th Floor New York, New York 10017 Telephone: (516) 217-6739 |
Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to public: As soon as practicable after this Registration Statement is declared effective.
If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box. ¨
If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ¨
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ¨
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer | ¨ | Accelerated filer | ¨ |
Non-accelerated filer | x | Smaller reporting company | x |
Emerging growth company | x |
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. ¨
CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
Title
of Each Class of Securities to Be
Registered |
Amount
to be
Registered |
Proposed
Maximum Offering Price per share |
Proposed
Maximum Aggregate Offering Price (1) |
Amount
of
Registration Fee (2) |
|||||||
Shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (2)(3)(4) | $ | 21,000,000 | $ | 2,291.10 | |||||||
Warrants to purchase shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (3)(4)(5) | |||||||||||
Shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share underlying Warrants (2) | $ | 23,100,000 | $ | 2,520.21 | |||||||
Representative’s warrants (6) | |||||||||||
Common stock underlying underwriters’ common stock purchase warrants(2)(7) | $ | 1,155,000 | $ | 126.01 | |||||||
Total | $ | 45,255,000 | $ | 4,937.22(8) |
(1) | Estimated solely for the purpose of calculating the registration fee in accordance with Rule 457(o) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. |
(2) | Pursuant to Rule 416, there are also being registered such indeterminable additional securities as may be issued to prevent dilution as a result of stock splits, stock dividends or similar transactions. |
(3) | Includes shares the underwriter has the option to purchase to cover over-allotments, if any. |
(4) | In accordance with Rule 457(i) under the Securities Act, no separate registration fee is required with respect to the warrants registered hereby. |
(5) | There will be issued warrants to purchase one share of common stock. The Warrants are exercisable at a per share exercise price equal to 110% of the public offering price of one share of common stock. |
(6) | No fee pursuant to Rule 457(g) under the Securities Act. |
(7) | The warrants are exercisable at a per share exercise price equal to 110% of the public offering price. As estimated solely for the purpose of recalculating the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457(g) under the Securities Act, the proposed maximum aggregate offering price of the underwriters’ warrants is equal to 110% of $862,500 (5% of $17,250,000). |
(8) |
The Registrant previously paid $4,055.65 of this amount in connection with the prior filing of this Registration Statement. |
The Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the Registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or until this Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the Commission acting pursuant to said Section 8(a) may determine.
The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the Securities and Exchange Commission declares our registration statement effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.
PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS | SUBJECT TO COMPLETION |
DATED FEBRUARY 9, 2021 |
ALFI, INC.
3,000,000 Shares of Common Stock and 3,000,000
Warrants to Purchase up to Shares of Common Stock
This is a firm commitment initial public offering shares of our common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, and an accompanying warrant to purchase one share our common stock (and the shares issuable from time to time upon exercise of the warrants) pursuant to this prospectus based at a combined assumed initial public offering between $5.00 and $7.00 (these assumptions are used throughout this preliminary prospectus). Each warrant will have an exercise price of $6.60 per share (equal to 110% of the offering price of the common stock and based on the mid-point of the assumed pricing range), will be exercisable upon issuance and will expire five years from issuance. Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our common stock or warrants.
The shares of common stock and warrants are immediately separable will be issued separately, but will be purchased together in this offering.
We have applied to list our common stock and warrants on The NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbols “ALF” and “ALFIW” respectively.
Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page 8 of this prospectus for a discussion of information that should be considered in connection with an investment in our securities.
We are an “emerging growth company” under the federal securities laws and have elected to comply with certain reduced public company reporting requirements for future filings.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
Per
Share and
Warrant |
Total | |||||||
Initial public offering price | $ | $ | ||||||
Underwriting discounts and commissions(1) | $ | $ | ||||||
Proceeds to us, before expenses | $ | $ |
(1) Does not include a non-accountable expense allowance equal to 1% of the gross proceeds of this offering payable to Kingswood Capital Markets, the representative of the underwriters. We have also agreed to issue warrants to the representative of the underwriters. See “Underwriting” for a complete description of the compensation arrangements.
We have granted a 45-day option to the underwriters, exercisable one or more times in whole or in part, to purchase up to an additional shares of common stock and/or additional warrants in any combination thereof, solely to cover over-allotments, if any, at the public offering price of one share of common stock, less the underwriting discount.
The underwriter expects to deliver our shares and warrants against payment on or about , 2021.
Kingswood Capital Markets
division of Benchmark Investments, Inc.
The date of this prospectus is , 2021.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
i
You should rely only on information contained in this prospectus or in any free writing prospectus we may authorize to be delivered or made available to you. Neither the delivery of this prospectus nor the sale of our securities means that the information contained in this prospectus or any free writing prospectus is correct after the date of this prospectus or such free writing prospectus. This prospectus is not an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy our securities in any circumstances under which the offer or solicitation is unlawful or in any state or other jurisdiction where the offer is not permitted. The information contained in this prospectus is accurate only as of its date regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus or of any sale of common stock.
No person is authorized in connection with this prospectus to give any information or to make any representations about us, the securities offered hereby or any matter discussed in this prospectus, other than the information and representations contained in this prospectus. If any other information or representation is given or made, such information or representation may not be relied upon as having been authorized by us.
For investors outside the United States: Neither we nor the underwriter has done anything that would permit this offering or possession or distribution of this prospectus in any jurisdiction where action for that purpose is required, other than in the United States. You are required to inform yourselves about and to observe any restrictions relating to this offering and the distribution of this prospectus.
Unless otherwise indicated, information contained in this prospectus concerning our industry and the markets in which we operate, including our general expectations and market position, market opportunity and market share, is based on information from our own management estimates and research, as well as from industry and general publications and research, surveys and studies conducted by third parties. Management estimates are derived from publicly available information, our knowledge of our industry and assumptions based on such information and knowledge, which we believe to be reasonable. Our management’s estimates have not been verified by any independent source, and we have not independently verified any third-party information. In addition, assumptions and estimates of our and our industry’s future performance are necessarily subject to a high degree of uncertainty and risk due to a variety of factors, including those described in “Risk Factors.” These and other factors could cause our future performance to differ materially from our assumptions and estimates. See “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.” Neither we nor the underwriters have authorized anyone to provide you with information different from, or in addition to, that contained in this prospectus, any amendment or supplement to this prospectus and any related free writing prospectus prepared by or on behalf of us or to which we have referred you. We and the underwriters take no responsibility for, and can provide no assurances as to the reliability of, any information that others may give you. This prospectus is not an offer to sell, not is it seeking an offer to buy, these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. The information contained in this prospectus or in any free writing prospectus is only accurate as of its date, regardless of its time of delivery or the time of any sale of our common stock. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since that date.
We own or have rights to various trademarks, service marks and trade names that we use in connection with the operation of our business. This prospectus may also contain trademarks, service marks and trade names of third parties, which are the property of their respective owners. Our use or display of third parties’ trademarks, service marks and trade names or products in this prospectus is not intended to, and does not imply a relationship with, or endorsement or sponsorship by us. Solely for convenience, the trademarks, service marks and trade names referred to in this prospectus may appear without the ®, TM or SM symbols, but the omission of such references is not intended to indicate, in any way, that we will not assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, our rights or the right of the applicable owner of these trademarks, service marks and trade names.
Numerical figures included in this prospectus have been subject to rounding adjustments. Accordingly, numerical figures shown as totals in various tables may not be arithmetic aggregations of the figures that precede them.
ii
This summary highlights information contained in greater detail elsewhere in this prospectus. Because it is a summary, it does not contain all of the information that you should consider in making your investment decision. Before investing in our common stock, you should carefully read this prospectus in its entirety, including the “Risk Factors,” “Special Note Regarding Forward Looking Statements,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and the financial statements and the notes to those financial statements in each case included in this prospectus.
As used in this prospectus, unless the context otherwise requires, references to the “company,” “we,” “us” and “our” refer to ALFI, Inc., and its wholly owned, consolidated subsidiaries, or either or all of them as the context may require. References to “Alfi” refers to our proprietary, digital publishing platform serving intelligent, curated content using our sophisticated computer vision and machine learning technologies.
Overview
We provide solutions that bring transparency and accountability to the digital out of home, or “DOOH,” advertising marketplace. Alfi uses artificial intelligence and big data analytics to measure and predict human response. Our computer vision technology is powered by proprietary artificial intelligence, to determine the age, gender, ethnicity, geolocation and emotion of someone in front of an Alfi-enabled device, such as a tablet or kiosk. Alfi can then deliver in real-time, the advertisements to that particular viewer based on the viewer’s demographic and psychographic profile. Alfi delivers the right content, to the right person at the right time in a responsible and ethical manner. By delivering advertisements a viewer wants, we deliver our advertising customers the viewers they want and the result is higher click through rates, or CTRs and higher CPM, cost per thousand, rates.
Over the last two decades, the DOOH market has lagged relative to other methods of how brand owners and businesses connect with their followers or prospective customers. Previously, the DOOH market was neither transparent nor accountable to advertisers. Advertisers have had no idea who, if anyone, was actually seeing their ads, for how long their ads were being viewed, if the ad was welcomed by the viewer or if there was reaction to the advertisement. This lack of a consistent methodology for viewing results means that advertisers were risking significant marketing budgets without being able to determine if the ads were being seen by the appropriate target audience. In addition, the digital advertising market experiences extensive fraud, with Juniper Research forecasting that advertisers lost $42 billion in 2019 to fraud, a 21% increase from 2018. Digital advertising fraud occurs when an ad is displayed on either a fake website or to a ‘bot’ in an effort to inflate web traffic numbers, rather than on a legitimate web site viewed by a human being.
According to eMarketer, the DOOH and digital internet marketplace was a $373 billion market in 2019. OpenPR estimates that global outdoor advertising is projected to grow to $55.32 billion in 2025, a compound annual growth rate of 4.75%. Advertisers recognize that they need to make their decisions based on more comprehensive and accurate data to improve the efficiency of their advertising dollars. In other markets, customers have become accustomed to real time digital engagement by advertisers. However, in the DOOH marketplace advertisers could not effectively meet their customers desires, and did not know how to reach them efficiently. The data did not exist for them. According to studies published by Ascend2 and Research Partners in 2017, the most important data-driven marketing objectives cited by marketing professionals included:
· | Basing more decisions on data analysis (51%) | |
· | Integrating data across platforms (43%) | |
· | Enriching data quality and completeness (37%) | |
· | Attributing sales revenue to marketing (33%) | |
· | Segmenting target markets (34%) |
Alfi solves the problems facing advertisers in the DOOH marketplace, as its proprietary technology is able to determine that when an advertisement was displayed, there was someone in front of the screen, as well as the basic demographic and psychographic characteristics of the viewer, such as age, gender, ethnicity and mood. Our computer vision technology allows Alfi to determine how a viewer interacted with the advertisement, and their emotion in seeing the advertisement, even if the viewer did not actually click through to the advertiser’s website for additional information. Our data rich reporting functionality informs the advertiser that someone viewed their ad, how many people viewed the ad, as well as each viewer’s reaction to the ad. Alfi gives large and small businesses access to data-driven insights by expanding advertising capabilities, analytical sophistication and delivering it all seamlessly over multiple devices. For instance, if a clothing brand wants to advertise to a 25 year old female, when our AI detects a person who fits that demographic, the advertisement will be served in real-time to the appropriate target viewer. Alfi continues to learn and improve by refining the advertisements seen by viewers with each successive interaction on any Alfi-enabled device. The more data it processes, the better the accuracy and predictive value Alfi achieves.
1
Alfi has created an enterprise grade, multimedia computer vision and machine learning platform, generating powerful advertising recommendations and insights. Multiple technologies work together in Alfi with viewer privacy and reporting objectives as our two goals. Alfi uses a facial fingerprinting process to make demographic determinations. As such, Alfi makes no attempt to identify the individual in front of the screen. Brand owners don’t need to know your name and invade your privacy to gain a deeper understanding of the consumers who view their content. By providing age, gender, ethnicity and geolocation information, brand owners have all of the data they need for meaningful interaction. The artificial intelligence and machine learning components of Alfi also gather retina tracking data, keyword recognition and voice intonation without compromising the privacy of the end-user. From an analytics perspective, these data points give meaningful reporting instead of arbitrary calculations of ad engagement.
Alfi solves the problem of providing real time, accurate and rich reporting on customer demographics, usage, interactivity and engagement while never storing any personal identifiable information. No viewer is ever required, or requested by us, to enter any information about themselves on any Alfi-enabled device. Alfi was designed to be fully compliant with all privacy regulations. Alfi is fully compliant with the General Data Protection Regulation, in Europe, California Consumer Privacy Act, and the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act.
Our initial focus is to place our Alfi-enabled devices in rideshares and airports. According to Harvard Business School study published in February 2018, Americans are estimated to have spent more than 37 billion hours waiting. Alfi has been beta testing Alfi-enabled devices in these locations to determine market receptivity to smart screens. From our testing, Alfi has been able to achieve CTRs, of between 6% and 9%, but believes it could consistently achieve CTRs exceeding 15% as Alfi-enabled devices are deployed more widely. By comparison, according to Acquiso in 2018, the average CTR for a display banner ad was less than 1%.
Since creating our platform, we have performed more than 12 separate pilots deploying over 1,000 devices, with a duration up to 52 weeks achieving a range of CTRs in excess of 15%. We achieved CTRs in excess of 15% in our case studies by varying certain times of the day and types of content. For example, in one hotel trial, we achieved CTRs ranging from 13.7% to 16.1% for specific ads during a rolling two-hour test window for seven days (168 hours). These performance results demonstrate our ability to apply time-of-day ad presentation factors, which widens the peaks of CTR activity, and demonstrates more fully the power of Alfi’s ad recommendation system. Moreover, as CTR increase with specific ad types, Alfi’s algorithms will automatically select ads to present that achieve increase CTRs. Overall, we believe that Alfi’s CTRs performance can increase, based on a number of factors, which can achieve CTRs in excess of 15% continuously by:
• | Using relevant up-to-date content from paying advertisers, the content will be more relevant and look aesthetically pleasing to the eye. | |
• | Applying a diverse library of content assets that Alfi will display to the relevant viewer more appealing ads based on our recommendation engine. | |
• | Incentivizing advertisers to make their content engaging and attractive through gamifying pricing and other inspirational activities currently used on the web by ad providers like Facebook. | |
• | Continuously improving Alfi’s cutting-edge recommendation presentation because the system automatically collects user responses and modifies what the view sees accordingly. | |
• | Adding to the suite of Alfi’s machine learning modules triggers that provide the users the ability to apply refined demographics and other identified factors, such as time of day, location, eye focus, etc., to effectively improve Alfi’s ad delivery and recommendation system. |
Moreover, our pilots demonstrate that increased performance is realized with increased content, time, devices, clients and system feedback as it pertains to each specific devise depending on its inventory of ads available to present.
We anticipate generating revenue from our Alfi-enabled devices not later than the second quarter of 2021. Currently, we intend to charge customers solely based on a CPM, or ads delivered, model. As we continue to prove Alfi in the market, we expect to charge customers based on a combination of CPM and CTR, and that we will generate higher CPM rates than typical DOOH advertising platforms because we will only deliver ads to the customer’s desired demographic. In addition, we will provide the aggregated data to the brands so they can make more informed advertising decisions.
Our Strategy
The main elements of our growth strategy are:
· | Increase distribution to increase revenue. We began delivering our Alfi-enabled tablets and kiosks in November 2020. As we deliver more devices, we will deliver more ads and derive more revenues. | |
· | Continue technological innovation. The enhancements we continue to make to Alfi will allow us to improve the viewer experience and to deliver better data to our advertiser-customers, while we remain focused on protecting viewer privacy. | |
· | Diversify revenue streams. As Alfi gathers more data, we intend to sell that data to advertisers that do not use the Alfi platform, which will attract additional advertisers, as well as generating additional advertising revenue. In addition, we intend to enter into joint venture agreements with store-based brands to provide Ali-enabled devices in their stores to enhance their customer’s experience. | |
· | License Alfi to other DOOH platform providers. Alfi is a robust, hosted software platform that we intend to make it available on a software as a service, or SaaS, basis to other DOOH advertising providers. | |
· | Pursue potential acquisitions. We will look to acquire additional technologies that will improve Alfi or companies that allow us to increase our market penetration with strategic “launch pads” that have legacy infrastructure incapable of being as intelligent and interactive as Alfi or offer additional products or services to our customers. |
2
Risks Associated with our Business
Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page 8 of this prospectus for a discussion of factors you should carefully consider before investing in our common stock. If any of these risks actually occurs, our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and prospects would likely be materially and adversely affected. As a result, the trading price of our common stock would likely decline, and you could lose all or part of your investment. Listed below is a summary of some of the principal risks related to our business:
· | We have not generated any revenues from our operations, and we may never generate revenues. | |
· | We have a history of operating losses, and we expect to incur additional operating losses in the future. | |
· | The industry in which we operate is highly competitive and nearly all of our competitors have significantly greater resources. | |
· | Our technology could be viewed as violating various regulations regarding privacy and data collection, or such regulations could change, requiring us to spend resources redesigning our solutions or possibly prevent us from offering our solutions. |
· | There is substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. | |
· | We may experience fluctuations in our operating results, which could make our future operating results difficult to predict or cause our operating results to fall below analysts’ and investors’ expectations. |
Corporate Information
We were incorporated under the laws of the State of Florida in April 2018 under the name Lectrefy, Inc. We reincorporated in the State of Delaware in January 2020 and changed our name to Alfi, Inc. Our principal executive offices are located at 429 Lenox Avenue, Suite 547, Miami Beach, Florida 33139. Our phone number is (305) 395-4520. Our website address is www.getalfi.com. We do not incorporate the information on or accessible through our website to be part of this prospectus. We have included our website address in this prospectus solely as an inactive textual reference.
Implications of Being an Emerging Growth Company and Smaller Reporting Company
We qualify as an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, or the JOBS Act. As such, we are eligible to take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not “emerging growth companies” including, but not limited to:
· | an exemption from complying with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002, as amended, or Section 404; | |
· | a requirement to have only two years of audited financial statements and only two years of related selected financial data and management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations disclosure; | |
· | reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements; and | |
· | an exemption from the requirement to seek non-binding advisory votes on executive compensation and new executive compensation arrangements entered into in connection with a merger, acquisition, consolidation, proposed sale or disposition of all or substantially all of our assets. |
3
We may take advantage of these provisions until the last day of our fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of the completion of this offering. However, if any of the following events occur prior to the end of such five-year period, (i) our annual gross revenue exceeds $1.07 billion, (ii) we issue more than $1.0 billion of non-convertible debt in any three-year period or (iii) we become a “large accelerated filer,” (as defined in Rule 12b-2 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)), we will cease to be an emerging growth company prior to the end of such five-year period. We will be deemed to be a “large accelerated filer” at such time that we (a) have an aggregate worldwide market value of common equity securities held by non-affiliates of $700.0 million or more as of the last business day of our most recently completed second fiscal quarter, (b) have been required to file annual and quarterly reports under the Exchange Act, for a period of at least 12 months and (c) have filed at least one annual report pursuant to the Exchange Act.
We have elected to take advantage of certain of the reduced disclosure obligations in the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part and may elect to take advantage of other reduced reporting requirements in future filings. As a result, the information that we provide to our stockholders may be different than you might receive from other public reporting companies in which you hold equity interests.
In addition, the JOBS Act provides that an emerging growth company can take advantage of an extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards. We have elected to take advantage of this extended transition period.
We are also a “smaller reporting company” as defined in the Exchange Act. We may continue to be a smaller reporting company even after we are no longer an emerging growth company. We may take advantage of certain of the scaled disclosures available to smaller reporting companies until the fiscal year following the determination that our voting and non-voting common stock held by non-affiliates is more than $250 million measured on the last business day of our second fiscal quarter, or our annual revenues are less than $100 million during the most recently completed fiscal year and our voting and non-voting common stock held by non-affiliates is more than $700 million measured on the last business day of our second fiscal quarter.
4
Common stock offered by us: | 3,000,000 shares. | |
Warrants offered by us: | Warrants to purchase up to 3,000,000 shares of our common stock. The warrants are exercisable immediately, and will be issued separately in this offering, but will be purchased together in this offering. The exercise price of the warrants is $ 6.60 per share (110% of the public offering price of one share of common stock based on assumed offering price of $6.00 per share, the mid-point of the range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus). Each warrant is exercisable for one share of common stock, subject to adjustment in the event of stock dividends, stock splits, stock combinations, reclassifications, reorganizations or similar events affecting our common stock as described herein. A holder may not exercise any portion of a warrant to the extent that the holder, together with its affiliates and any other person or entity acting as a group, would own more than 4.99% of the outstanding common stock after exercise, as such percentage ownership is determined in accordance with the terms of the warrants, except that upon notice from the holder to us, the holder may waive such limitation up to a percentage, not in excess of 9.99%. Each warrant will be exercisable immediately upon issuance and will expire five years after the initial issuance date. The terms of the warrants will be governed by a Warrant Agreement, dated as of the effective date of this offering, between us and VStock Transfer, LLC as the warrant agent (the “Warrant Agent”). This prospectus also relates to the offering of the common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants. For more information regarding the Warrants, you should carefully read the section titled “Description of Capital Stock — Securities Offered in this Offering” in this prospectus. | |
Common stock to be outstanding immediately following this offering: | 12,166,667 shares assuming the underwriters do not exercise their over-allotment option. | |
Underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares and/or warrants from us: | We have granted a 45-day option to the underwriters, exercisable one or more times in whole or in part, to purchase up to an additional 450,000 shares of common stock and/or 450,000 additional warrants in any combination thereof, solely to cover over-allotments, if any, at the public offering price of one share of common stock, less the underwriting discount. | |
Use of proceeds: | We estimate that we will receive net proceeds from this offering of approximately $15.9 million, or approximately $18.3 million if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares in full, assuming a combined initial public offering price of 6.00 per share of common stock, the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. We currently intend to use the net proceeds from this offering, together with our existing cash, to repay certain outstanding indebtedness in an amount of (i) $2,500,000 plus accrued interest under a loan from Lee Aerospace, (ii) up to $2,000,0000 plus accrued and unpaid interest on any amounts advanced under the bridge loan agreement between us, Lee Aerospace, our CEO and our CFO, (iii) to acquire the balance of any of our Alfi-enabled tablets acquired by Lee Aerospace on our behalf that have not been acquired with the proceeds of the bridge loan, and the remaining amounts for product launch, general corporate purposes, including working capital, business development, sales and marketing activities and capital expenditures. See “Use of Proceeds” below. | |
Dividend policy: | We do not currently intend to pay dividends on our common stock. | |
Risk factors: | An investment in our securities involves a high degree of risk. You should read this prospectus carefully, including the section entitled “Risk Factors” and the consolidated financial statements and the related notes to those statements included in this prospectus, before investing in our common stock before deciding to invest in shares of our securities. | |
Representative’s Warrants: | We will issue to Kingswood Capital Markets, division of Benchmark Investments, Inc., as representative of the underwriters or its designees at the closing of this offering warrants purchasing the number of shares of common stock equal to 5% of the aggregate number of shares of common stock sold in this offering. The representative’s warrant will be exercisable immediately and will expire five years after the effective date of the registration statement for this offering. The exercise price of the representative’s warrant will equal 110% of the public offering price per share. See “Underwriting.” | |
Proposed NASDAQ Capital Market Symbol: | We have applied to list our common stock and warrants on The NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbol “ALF” and “ALFIW”, respectively. No assurance can be given that our application will be approved. | |
Lock-up |
We, our directors, officers and all of our existing shareholders owning more than 3% of our common stock have agreed with the underwriter not to offer for sale, issue, sell, contract to sell, pledge or otherwise dispose of any of our common stock or securities convertible into common stock as described in further detail in the prospectus, for a period of 365 days after the date of this prospectus with respect to us and 180 days with respect to our directors, officers and existing stockholders owning more than 3% of our common stock. See “Underwriting.” |
5
The number of shares of common stock to be outstanding after this offering is based on 7,591,638 shares of common stock outstanding at January 31, 2021, and excludes the following:
· |
611,313 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of our outstanding stock options at a weighted average exercise price of $1.19 per share; |
|
· |
450,000 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the underwriter’s option to purchase additional common stock to cover over-allotments; |
|
· |
3,000,000 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants at a price of $6.60 per share; |
|
· |
150,000 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the representative’s warrants at a price of $6.60 per share; |
|
· | Unless otherwise indicated, all information in this prospectus reflects or assumes: | |
· |
the issuance of 3,150,057 shares of our common stock upon conversion of our outstanding Series Seed Preferred Stock; |
|
· |
a 1.260023 to 1 forward stock split to be effected at the time of effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part on February , 2021; and |
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· | the filing of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, which will become effective immediately prior to the closing of this offering, and the effectiveness of our amended and restated bylaws, which will become effective upon the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. |
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The following table summarizes our financial data. We derived the summary financial statement data for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 set forth below from our audited financial statements and related notes contained in this prospectus. We derived the summary financial data for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 from our unaudited condensed financial statements and related notes contained in this prospectus. Our historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected in the future. You should read the information presented below together with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” our condensed financial statements, the notes to those statements and the other financial information contained in this prospectus.
Summary of Operations
September 30,
2020 |
September 30,
2019 |
|||||||
Revenues | -0- | -0- | ||||||
Cost of sales | (331,110 | ) | -0- | |||||
Operating expenses | (622,406 | ) | (11,482 | ) | ||||
Other income (expense) | 96,285 | 46,606 | ||||||
Net income (loss) before provision for income taxes | (857,231 | ) | 35,124 | |||||
Provision for income taxes | -0- | -0- | ||||||
Net income (loss) after provision for income taxes | (857,231 | ) | 35,124 |
Condensed Unaudited Balance Sheet
As of September 30, 2020 | ||||||||
Actual | As Adjusted | |||||||
(Unaudited) | (Unaudited) | |||||||
Cash | $ | 57,726 | $ | |||||
Total Current Assets | 1,162,519 | |||||||
Total Assets | 6,004,929 | |||||||
Total Current Liabilities | 4,272,359 | |||||||
Total Non-Current Liabilities | -0- | |||||||
Total Liabilities | 4,272,359 | |||||||
Working Capital (Deficit) | (3,109,840 | ) | ||||||
Series A Preferred Shares | 2,500,000 | |||||||
Common stock | 252 | |||||||
Additional paid in capital | 25,000 | |||||||
Accumulated surplus (deficit ) | (792,682 | ) | ||||||
Total Stockholders’ Equity | $ | 1,732,570 | $ |
The as adjusted column in the balance sheet data above gives effect to the sale of 3,000,000 shares of common stock and warrants to be sold for cash in this offering at the assumed combined public offering price of $6.00 per share of common stock, which is the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us, as if the sale had occurred on September 30, 2020 and (ii) the use of proceeds to pay our outstanding indebtedness and acquire additional Alfi-enabled tablets as described in “Use of Proceeds”.
Each $1.00 increase (decrease) in the assumed combined public offering price of $6.00 per share of common stock, which is the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, would increase (decrease) our shareholder’s equity, as adjusted, after this offering by approximately $2.73 million, assuming that the number of shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remain the same and after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. We may also increase or decrease the number of shares of common stock and warrants we are offering. An increase (decrease) of 100,000 shares of common stock and accompanying warrants offered by us would increase (decrease) our shareholder’s equity, as adjusted, after this offering by approximately $546,000, assuming that the assumed public offering price remains the same, and after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.
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An investment in our common stock is speculative and involves a high degree of risk including the risk of a loss of your entire investment. You should carefully consider the following risk factors These risk factors contain, in addition to historical information, forward looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ significantly from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements. The occurrence of any of the adverse developments described in the following risk factors and in the documents incorporated herein by reference could materially and adversely harm our business, financial condition, results of operations or prospects. In such event, the value of our common stock could decline, and you could lose all or a substantial portion of the money that you pay for our common stock. In addition, the risks and uncertainties discussed below are not the only ones we face. Our business, financial condition, results of operations or prospects could also be harmed by risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently do not believe are material, and these risks and uncertainties could result in a complete loss of your investment. In assessing the risks and uncertainties described below, you should also refer to the other information contained in this prospectus (as supplemented or amended).
For a summary of our Risk Factors, see “Prospectus Summary – Risks Associated with our Business.”
Risks Related to Our Company
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, including the resulting global economic uncertainty and measures taken in response to the pandemic, has already impacted our business model and could materially impact our business and future results of operations and financial condition in the future.
The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted almost all business and governments, including individuals around the world. The impact and duration of the COVID-19 pandemic will be difficult to estimate or predict, as currently there is no vaccine or cure. It is even more difficult to predict the impact on the global economic market, which will depend upon the actions taken by governments, businesses, and other enterprises in response to the pandemic. The pandemic has already caused, and is likely to result in further, significant disruption of global financial markets and economic uncertainty. Adverse market conditions resulting from the spread of COVID-19 could materially adversely affect our business and the value of our common stock.
Our customers or potential customers, particularly in industries most impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, including the retail, restaurant, hotel, hospitality, consumer discretionary, airline, and oil and gas industries and companies whose customers operate in impacted industries, may reduce their technology or sales and marketing spending or delay their sales transformation initiatives, which could materially and adversely impact our business.
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused us to delay the roll-out of our Alfi-enabled tablets and has forced us to develop touchless technology so that people in our initial markets, rideshares and airports will use our devices. We cannot be certain that this will be sufficient to allow customers to use our Alfi-enabled tablets as we intend. This may make us more reliant on our ability to sell Alfi as a SaaS platform and cause us to lose revenue from direct ad sales by us.
Our limited operating history makes it difficult to evaluate our business and prospects and may increase the risks associated with your investment.
We were formed in April 2018, and began developing Alfi at that time. We have not generated any revenues from the sales of Alfi to date. We were initially focused on delivering Alfi through our patented tablet as well as kiosks and other devices; however, we are now expanding our revenue model to include delivering Alfi as a SaaS software product. We cannot assure you that we will be able to operate our business successfully or implement our operating policies and strategies as described above. We have encountered and will continue to encounter risks and challenges frequently experienced by growing companies in rapidly developing industries, including risks related to our ability to:
· | build a reputation for providing a superior platform and customer service, and for creating trust and long-term relationships with customers; |
· | identifying a revenue model that will allow us to develop predictable revenues; |
· | distinguish ourselves from competitors; |
· | develop and offer a competitive platform that meets our customers’ needs as they change; |
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· | improve our current operational infrastructure and non-platform technology to support significant growth and to respond to the evolution of our market and competitors’ developments; |
· | maintain and expand our relationships with suppliers of quality advertising; |
· | respond to evolving industry standards and government regulation that impact our business; |
· | prevent or mitigate failures or breaches of security; |
· | expand our business internationally; and |
· | hire and retain qualified and motivated employees. |
We cannot assure you that we will be successful in addressing these and other challenges we may face in the future. If we are unable to do so, our business may suffer, our revenue and operating results may decline and we may not be able to achieve further growth or sustain profitability.
Although we formed our Company on April 4, 2018, we have continuously developed our business model through the development of our technology as an early stage company but have not yet commenced large scale operations in our business. We expect to incur operating losses for the foreseeable future.
We were incorporated on April 4, 2018, and to date have been involved primarily in organization activities and technology development. The Company currently has no revenues and does not have any history of revenue generating operations. We have recently commenced business operations, but have performed beta tests and other marketing trials of our products and services. Further, we have not yet fully developed our business plan, or our management team, although we have targeted and assembled certain intellectual property and real or intangible property rights. Accordingly, we have no way to evaluate the likelihood that our business will be successful. We have not earned any revenues as of the date of this prospectus. Potential investors should be aware of the difficulties normally encountered by a new market online sales activity and the high rate of failure for such enterprises. The likelihood of success must be considered in light of the COVID-19 pandemic, problems, expenses, difficulties, complications and delays encountered in connection with the operations that we plan to undertake. These potential problems include, but are not limited to, unanticipated problems relating to our proposed tablet, app and on-line development, market acceptance of Alfi by businesses, and challenges relating to bringing potential vendors to participate and additional costs and expenses that may exceed current estimates. We expect to incur significant losses into the foreseeable future. We recognize that if the effectiveness of our business plan is not forthcoming we will not be able to continue business operations. There is no operating history upon which to base any assumption as to the likelihood that we will prove successful and it is doubtful that we will generate any operating revenues or ever achieve profitable operations. If we are unsuccessful in addressing these risks, our business will most likely fail.
There is substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.
The report of our independent registered public accounting firm on our consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 included an explanatory paragraph expressing management’s assessment and conclusion that there is substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the financial statement issuance date, citing our recurring losses and cash used from operations among other factors. Our ability to continue as a going concern will be determined by our ability to generate sufficient cash flow to sustain our operations and/or raise additional capital in the form of debt or equity financing. We believe that the inclusion of a going concern explanatory paragraph in the report of our registered public accounting firm will make it more difficult for us to secure additional financing or enter into strategic relationships with distributors on terms acceptable to us, if at all, and likely will materially and adversely affect the terms of any financing that we might obtain. Our consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts or amounts and classification of liabilities that might be necessary should we be unable to continue as a going concern.
The Company has negative cash flow for the year ended December 31, 2019 and the nine months ended September 30, 2020.
The Company had negative operating cash flow for the year ended December 31, 2019 and the nine months ended September 30, 2020. To the extent that the Company has negative operating cash flow in future periods, it may need to allocate a portion of its cash reserves to fund such negative cash flow. The Company may also be required to raise additional funds through the issuance of equity or debt securities. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to generate a positive cash flow from its operations, that additional capital or other types of financing will be available when needed or that these financings will be on terms favorable to the Company.
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The Company’s actual financial position and results of operations may differ materially from the expectations of the Company’s management.
The Company’s actual financial position and results of operations may differ materially from management’s expectations. As a result, the Company’s revenue, net income and cash flow may differ materially from the Company’s projected revenue, net income and cash flow. The process for estimating the Company’s revenue, net income and cash flow requires the use of judgment in determining the appropriate assumptions and estimates. These estimates and assumptions may be revised as additional information becomes available and as additional analyses are performed. In addition, the assumptions used in planning may not prove to be accurate, and other factors may affect the Company’s financial condition or results of operations.
Our business practices with respect to data could give rise to liabilities, restrictions on our business or reputational harm as a result of evolving governmental regulation, legal requirements or industry standards relating to consumer privacy and data protection.
In the course of providing our solutions, we collect, transmit and store information which is related to and seeks to correlate internet-connected devices, user activity and the ads we place. Federal, state and international laws and regulations govern the collection, use, processing, retention, sharing and security of data that we collect across our advertising solutions. We strive to comply with all applicable laws, regulations, policies and legal obligations relating to privacy and data collection, processing use and disclosure. However, the applicability of specific laws may be unclear in some cases and domestic and foreign government regulation and enforcement of data practices and data tracking technologies is expansive, not clearly defined and rapidly evolving. In addition, it is possible that these requirements may be interpreted and applied in a manner that is new or inconsistent from one jurisdiction to another and may conflict with other rules or our practices. Any actual or perceived failure by us to comply with U.S. federal, state or international laws, including laws and regulations regulating privacy, data, security or consumer protection, or disclosure or unauthorized access by third parties to this information, could result in proceedings or actions against us by governmental entities, competitors, private parties or others. Any proceedings or actions against us alleging violations of consumer or data protection laws or asserting privacy-related theories could hurt our reputation, force us to spend significant amounts in defense of these proceedings, distract our management, increase our costs of doing business, adversely affect the demand for our solutions and ultimately result in the imposition of monetary liability. We may also be contractually liable to indemnify and hold harmless our customers from the costs or consequences of litigation resulting from using our solutions or from the disclosure of confidential information, which could damage our reputation among our current and potential customers, require significant expenditures of capital and other resources and cause us to lose business and revenue.
The regulatory framework for privacy issues is evolving worldwide, and various government and consumer agencies and public advocacy groups have called for new regulation and changes in industry practices, including some directed at the digital advertising industry in particular. It is possible that new laws and regulations will be adopted in the United States and internationally, or existing laws and regulations may be interpreted in new ways, that would affect our business, particularly with regard to collection or use of data to target ads and communication with consumers and the international transfer of data from Europe to the U.S. The U.S. government, including the Federal Trade Commission and the Department of Commerce, has announced that it is reviewing the need for greater regulation of the collection of consumer information, including regulation aimed at restricting some targeted advertising practices. In Europe, in October 2015 the Court of Justice of the European Union invalidated the “US-EU Safe Harbor framework,” which created a safe harbor under the European Data Protection Directive for certain European data transfers to the U.S. We had not self-certified under this regime, and therefore were not directly affected by this decision. In July 2016, the European Commission approved the Privacy Shield, which is a set of principles and related rules that are intended to replace the US-EU Safe harbor framework. The Company is in the process of determining whether to join the Privacy Shield program. Stricter regulation of European data transfers to U.S. in future may impact our ability to serve European customers effectively, or require us to open and operate data centers in the European Union which would result in a higher cost of doing business in these jurisdictions.
In particular, Europe’s General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”) extends the jurisdictional scope of European data protection law. As a result, we will be subject to the GDPR when we provide our targeting services in Europe. The GDPR imposes stricter data protection requirements that may necessitate changes to our services and business practices. Potential penalties for non-compliance with the GDPR include administrative fines of up to 4% of annual worldwide turnover. Complying with any new regulatory requirements could force us to incur substantial costs or require us to change our business practices in a manner that could reduce our revenue or compromise our ability to effectively pursue our growth strategy.
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The FTC has also adopted revisions to the Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act (“COPPA”) that expands liability for the collection of information by operators of websites and other electronic solutions that are directed to children. Questions exist as to how regulators and courts may interpret the scope and circumstances for potential liability under COPPA, and the FTC continues to provide guidance and clarification as to its 2013 revisions of COPPA. FTC guidance or enforcement precedent may make it difficult or impractical for us to provide advertising on certain websites, services or applications. In addition, the FTC recently fined an ad network for certain methods of collecting and using data from mobile applications, including certain applications directed at children, and failing to disclose the data collection to mobile application developers in their network.
While we have not collected data that is traditionally considered personal data, such as names, email addresses, physical addresses, phone numbers or social security numbers, we typically collect and store nonspecific data regarding age, ethnicity and gender or geo-location information, and device or other persistent identifiers that are or may be considered personal data in some jurisdictions or otherwise may be the subject of legislation or regulation. For example, some jurisdictions in the EU regard IP addresses as personal data, and certain regulators, such as the California Attorney General’s Office, have advocated for including IP addresses, GPS-level geolocation data, and unique device identifiers as personal data under California law. Furthermore, Europe’s GDPR makes clear that online identifiers (such as IP addresses and other device identifiers) will be treated as “personal data” going forward and therefore subject to stricter data protection rules.
Evolving definitions of personal data within the EU, the United States and elsewhere, especially relating to the classification of IP addresses, machine or device identifiers, geo-location data and other such information, may cause us to change our business practices, diminish the quality of our data and the value of our solution, and hamper our ability to expand our offerings. Our failure to comply with evolving interpretations of applicable laws and regulations, or to adequately protect personal data, could result in enforcement action against us or reputational harm, which could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
In addition to compliance with government regulations, we voluntarily participate in trade associations and industry self-regulatory groups that promulgate best practices or codes of conduct addressing the provision of internet advertising. We could be adversely affected by changes to these guidelines and codes in ways that are inconsistent with our practices or in conflict with the laws and regulations of U.S. or international regulatory authorities. For instance, new guidelines, codes, or interpretations, by self-regulatory organizations or government agencies, may require additional disclosures, or additional consumer consents, such as “opt-in” permissions to share, link or use data, such as health data from third parties, in certain ways. If we fail to abide by, or are perceived as not operating in accordance with, industry best practices or any industry guidelines or codes with regard to privacy, our reputation may suffer and we could lose relationships with advertisers and digital media properties.
Economic downturns and market conditions beyond our control could adversely affect our business, financial condition and operating results.
Our business depends on the overall demand for advertising and on the economic health of advertisers and publishers that benefit from our platform. Economic downturns or unstable market conditions such as those potentially created by the outbreak of COVID-19 discussed above, may cause advertisers to decrease their advertising budgets, which could reduce spend though our platform and adversely affect our business, financial condition and operating results.
The loss of key personnel or the inability of replacements to quickly and successfully perform in their new roles could adversely affect our business.
We depend on the leadership and experience of our relatively small number of key executive management personnel, particularly our Chief Executive Officer, Paul Pereira, Chief Financial Officer, Dennis McIntosh, Chief Business Development Officer, John Cook, and our Chief Technology Officer, Charles Raglan Pereira. The loss of the services of these key executives or any of our executive management members could have a material adverse effect on our business and prospects, as we may not be able to find suitable individuals to replace such personnel on a timely basis or without incurring increased costs, or at all. Furthermore, if we lose or terminate the services of one or more of our key employees or if one or more of our current or former executives or key employees joins a competitor or otherwise competes with us, it could impair our business and our ability to successfully implement our business plan. Additionally, if we are unable to hire qualified replacements for our executive and other key positions in a timely fashion, our ability to execute our business plan would be harmed. Even if we can quickly hire qualified replacements, we would expect to experience operational disruptions and inefficiencies during any transition. We believe that our future success will depend on our continued ability to attract and retain highly skilled and qualified personnel. There is a high level of competition for experienced, successful personnel in our industry. Our inability to meet our executive staffing requirements in the future could impair our growth and harm our business. We do not maintain “key person” insurance on any of our officers or employees.
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We rely on highly skilled personnel and, if we are unable to attract, retain or motivate substantial numbers of qualified personnel or expand and train our sales force, we may not be able to grow effectively.
Our success largely depends on the talents and efforts of key technical, sales and marketing employees and our future success depends on our continuing ability to identify, hire, develop, motivate and retain highly skilled personnel for all areas of our organization. Competition in our industry is intense and often leads to increased compensation and other personnel costs. In addition, competition for employees with experience in our industry can be intense where our research and development operations are concentrated and where other technology companies compete for management and engineering talent. Our continued ability to compete and grow effectively depends on our ability to attract substantial numbers of qualified new employees and to retain and motivate our existing employees.
If we do not effectively grow and train our sales and support teams, we may be unable to add new customers or increase sales to our existing customers and our business will be adversely affected.
We are substantially dependent on our sales and support teams to obtain new customers and to increase spend by our existing customers. We believe that there is significant competition for sales personnel with the skills and technical knowledge that we require. Our ability to achieve revenue growth will depend, in large part, on our success in recruiting, training, integrating and retaining sufficient numbers of sales personnel to support our growth. Due to the complexity of our platform, new hires require significant training and it may take significant time before they achieve full productivity. Our recent and planned hires may not become productive as quickly as we expect, and we may be unable to hire or retain sufficient numbers of qualified individuals in the markets where we do business or plan to do business. If we are unable to hire and train sufficient numbers of effective sales personnel, or the sales personnel are not successful in obtaining new customers or increasing our existing customers’ spend with us, our business will be adversely affected.
We operate in an intensively competitive industry, and we may not be able to compete successfully.
The digital video advertising market is intensely competitive, with many companies providing competing solutions. We will compete with Google (YouTube and DoubleClick), The Trade Desk and Facebook as well as many ad exchanges, demand-side platforms for advertisers and ad networks. We also face competition from direct response (search-based) advertisers who seek to target brands. Many of our competitors are significantly larger than we are and have more capital to invest in their businesses. Our competitors may establish or strengthen cooperative relationships with advertisers, or other parties, which limit our ability to promote our solutions and generate revenue. For example, advertiser customers that adopt demand-side advertiser platforms disrupt our direct customer relationship with those customers. Competitors could also seek to gain market share by reducing the prices they charge to publishers or advertisers, introducing products and solutions that are similar to ours or introducing new technology tools for advertisers and digital media properties. Moreover, increased competition for video advertising inventory from digital media properties could result in an increase in the portion of advertiser revenue that we must pay to digital media property owners to acquire that advertising inventory.
Some large advertising agencies that represent advertising customers have their own relationships with digital media properties and can directly connect advertisers with digital media properties. Our business will suffer to the extent that our advertisers and digital media properties purchase and sell advertising inventory directly from one another or through other companies that act as intermediaries between advertisers and digital media properties. Other companies that offer analytics, mediation, ad exchange or other third party solutions have or may become intermediaries between advertisers and digital media properties and thereby compete with us. Any of these developments would make it more difficult for us to sell our solutions and could result in increased pricing pressure, reduced profit margins, increased sales and marketing expenses or the loss of market share.
If we do not successfully address these risks, our revenue could decline, our costs could increase, and our ability to pursue our growth strategy and attain profitability could be compromised.
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Further, we derive our revenue from the digital advertising industry, which is rapidly evolving, highly competitive, complex and fragmented. We face significant competition in this market which we expect will intensify in the future.
We currently compete for advertising spend with large, well-established companies as well as smaller, privately-held companies. Some of our larger competitors with more resources may be better positioned to execute on advertising campaigns conducted over multiple channels such as social media, mobile and video.
We may also face competition from companies that we do not yet know about or do not yet exist. If existing or new companies develop, market or resell competitive high-value marketing products or services, acquire one of our existing competitors or form a strategic alliance with one of our competitors, our ability to compete effectively could be significantly compromised and our results of operations could be harmed.
Our current and potential competitors may have significantly more financial, technical, marketing and other resources than we have, allowing them to devote greater resources to the development, promotion, sale and support of their products and services. They may also have more extensive advertiser bases and broader publisher relationships than we have, and may have longer operating histories and greater name recognition. As a result, these competitors may be better able to respond quickly to new technologies, develop deeper advertiser relationships or offer services at lower prices. Any of these developments would make it more difficult for us to sell our platform and could result in increased pricing pressure, increased sales and marketing expense or the loss of market share.
If we fail to innovate and make the right investment decisions in Alfi, we may not attract and retain advertisers and our revenue and results of operations may decline.
Our industry is subject to rapid and frequent changes in technology, evolving customer needs and the frequent introduction by our competitors of new and enhanced offerings. We must constantly make investment decisions regarding our offerings and technology to meet customer demand and evolving industry standards. We may make wrong decisions regarding these investments. If new or existing competitors have more attractive offerings or functionalities, we may lose customers or customers may decrease their use of our platform. New customer demands, superior competitive offerings or new industry standards could require us to make unanticipated and costly changes to our platform or business model. If we fail to adapt to our rapidly changing industry or to evolving customer needs, demand for our platform could decrease and our business, financial condition and operating results may be adversely affected.
Seasonal fluctuations in digital advertising activity could adversely affect our cash flows.
Our cash flows from operations vary from quarter to quarter due to the seasonal nature of advertiser spending. For example, many advertisers devote a disproportionate amount of their advertising budgets to the fourth quarter of the calendar year to coincide with increased holiday purchasing. If and to the extent that seasonal fluctuations become more pronounced, or are not offset by other factors, our operating cash flows could fluctuate materially from period to period as a result.
Our sales efforts with advertisers require significant time and expense.
Attracting new advertisers requires substantial time and expense, and we may not be successful in establishing new relationships or in maintaining or advancing our current relationships. For example, it may be difficult to identify, engage and market to potential advertisers who do not currently spend on digital video advertising or are unfamiliar with our current solutions.
The novelty of our solutions and our business model often requires us to spend substantial time and effort educating our own sales force and potential advertisers, advertising agencies and digital media properties about our offerings, including providing demonstrations and comparisons against other available solutions. This process is costly and time-consuming. If we are not successful in targeting, supporting and streamlining our sales processes, our ability to grow our business may be adversely affected.
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As our costs increase, we may not be able to generate sufficient revenue to sustain profitability.
We have expended significant resources to grow our business in recent years by increasing the offerings of our platform, growing our number of employees and expanding internationally. We anticipate continued growth that could require substantial financial and other resources to, among other things:
· | develop our platform, including by investing in our engineering team, creating, acquiring or licensing new products or features, and improving the availability and security of our platform; |
· | expand internationally by growing our sales force and customer services team in an effort to increase our customer base and spend through our platform, and by adding inventory and data from countries our customers are seeking; |
· | improve our technology infrastructure, including investing in internal technology development and acquiring outside technologies; |
· | cover general and administrative expenses, including legal, accounting and other expenses necessary to support a larger organization; |
· | cover sales and marketing expenses, including a significant expansion of our direct sales organization; |
· | cover expenses relating to data collection and consumer privacy compliance, including additional infrastructure, automation and personnel; and |
· | explore further strategic acquisitions. |
Investing in the foregoing, however, may not yield anticipated returns. Consequently, as our costs increase, we may not be able to generate sufficient revenue to sustain profitability.
The loss of advertisers as customers could significantly harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
Our customer base consists primarily of advertisers. We do not have exclusive relationships with advertising agencies or companies that are advertisers, such that we largely depend on agencies to work with us as they embark on advertising campaigns for advertisers. The loss of agencies as customers and referral sources could significantly harm our business, operating results and financial condition. If we fail to maintain satisfactory relationships with an advertising agency, we risk losing business from the advertisers represented by that agency. Furthermore, advertisers may change advertising agencies. If an advertiser switches from an agency that uses us to one that does not, we will lose revenue from that advertiser.
Our software could be susceptible to errors, defects, or unintended performance problems that could result in loss of reputation, lost inventory or liability; we have encountered difficulties in achieving our desired fill rates.
We develop and offer a complex software platform that is used or embedded by our customers and digital media properties in devices, video technologies, software and operating systems. Complex software often contains defects, particularly when first introduced or when new versions are released. While we expect challenges to arise, we cannot guarantee they will be successfully resolved in a timely manner which can impact our revenue and income. Determining whether our software has defects may occur after versions are released into the market. Defects, errors or unintended performance problems with our software could unintentionally jeopardize the performance of advertising campaigns and digital media properties’ products. This could result in injury to our reputation, loss of revenue, diversion of development and technical resources, increased insurance costs and increased warranty costs. If our software contains any undetected defects, errors or unintended performance problems, our advertising customers may refuse to use it, digital media properties may refuse to embed it into their products and we may be unable to collect data or acquire advertising inventory from digital media properties. These defects, errors and unintended performance problems could also result in product liability claims. Although we attempt to reduce the risk of losses resulting from these claims through warranty disclaimers and limitation of liability clauses in our agreements, these contractual provisions may not be enforceable in every instance. If a court refused to enforce the liability-limiting provisions of our contracts for any reason, or if liabilities arose that were not contractually limited or adequately covered by insurance, our business could be materially harmed.
Failure to manage our growth effectively could cause our business to suffer and have an adverse effect on our financial condition and operating results.
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To manage our growth effectively, we must continually evaluate and evolve our organization. We must also manage our employees, operations, finances, technology and development and capital investments efficiently. Our efficiency, productivity and the quality of Alfi may be adversely impacted if we do not train our new personnel, particularly our sales and support personnel, quickly and effectively, or if we fail to appropriately coordinate across our organization. Additionally, rapid growth may place a strain on our resources, infrastructure and ability to maintain the quality of Alfi. In future periods, our revenue or profitability could decline or grow more slowly than we expect. Failure to manage our growth effectively could cause our business to suffer and have an adverse effect on our financial condition and operating results.
Computer malware, viruses, hacking and phishing attacks, and spamming could harm our business and results of operations.
Computer malware, viruses, and computer hacking and phishing attacks have become more prevalent in our industry, have occurred on our systems in the past, and may occur on our systems in the future. Though it is difficult to determine what, if any, harm may directly result from any specific interruption or attack, any failure to maintain performance, reliability, security, and availability of our products and technical infrastructure to the satisfaction of our users may harm our reputation and our ability to retain existing users and attract new users.
Security breaches and other disruptions could compromise our information and expose us to liability, which would cause our business and reputation to suffer.
In the ordinary course of our business, we collect and store sensitive data, including intellectual property, our proprietary business information, and financial and other information of our customers and people who view the advertisements we provide. The secure processing, maintenance, and transmission of this information is critical to our operations and business strategy. Despite our security measures, our information technology and infrastructure may be vulnerable to attacks by hackers or breached due to employee error, malfeasance, or other disruptions. Any such breach could compromise our networks and the information stored there could be accessed, publicly disclosed, lost, or stolen. Advanced attacks are multi-staged, unfold over time, and utilize a range of attack vectors with military-grade cyber weapons and proven techniques, such as spear phishing and social engineering, leaving organizations and users at high risk of being compromised. The vast majority of data breaches, whether conducted by a cyber attacker from inside or outside of the organization, involve the misappropriation of digital identities and user credentials. These credentials are used to gain legitimate access to sensitive systems and high-value personal and corporate data. Many large, well-known organizations have been subject to cyber-attacks that exploited the identity vector, demonstrating that even organizations with significant resources and security expertise have challenges securing their identities. Any such access, disclosure, or other loss of information could result in legal claims or proceedings, liability under laws that protect the privacy of personal information, regulatory penalties, a disruption of our operations, damage to our reputation, or a loss of confidence in our business, any of which could adversely affect our business, revenues, and competitive position.
We may experience fluctuations in our operating results, which could make our future operating results difficult to predict or cause our operating results to fall below analysts’ and investors’ expectations.
Our operating results are likely to fluctuate significantly in the future due to a variety of factors, many of which we have no control over. Factors that may cause our operating results to fluctuate significantly include: our ability to generate enough working capital from future equity sales; the level of commercial acceptance by the public of Alfi; fluctuations in advertising spending; the amount and timing operating costs and capital expenditures relating to expansion of our business, operations, infrastructure and general economic conditions. If realized, any of these factors could have a material effect on our business, financial condition and operating results, which could result in the complete loss of your investment. Factors that may cause our operating results to fluctuate include the following:
· | changes in demand for our platform, including related to the seasonal nature of spending on digital advertising campaigns; |
· | changes in our pricing policies, the pricing policies of our competitors and the pricing or availability of inventory, data or of other third-party services; |
· | changes in our customer base and platform offerings; |
· | the addition or loss of customers; |
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· | changes in advertising budget allocations, agency affiliations or marketing strategies; |
· | changes to our product, media, customer or channel mix; |
· | changes and uncertainty in the regulatory environment for us, advertisers or publishers; |
· | changes in the economic prospects of advertisers or the economy generally, which could alter advertisers’ spending priorities, or could increase the time or costs required to complete advertising inventory sales; |
· | the possible effects of the widespread domestic and global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, including on general economic conditions, public health, and consumer demand and financial markets; |
· | changes in the availability of advertising inventory through real-time advertising exchanges or in the cost of reaching end consumers through digital advertising; |
· | disruptions or outages on our platform; |
· | the introduction of new technologies or offerings by our competitors; |
· | changes in our capital expenditures as we acquire the hardware, equipment and other assets required to support our business; |
· | timing differences between our payments for advertising inventory and our collection of related advertising revenue; |
· | the length and unpredictability of our sales cycle; and |
· | costs related to acquisitions of businesses or technologies, or employee recruiting. |
Based upon the factors above and others beyond our control, we have a limited ability to forecast our future revenue, costs and expenses, and as a result, our operating results may, from time to time, fall below our estimates or the expectations of analysts and investors.
If we are unable to obtain, maintain and enforce intellectual property protection for our technology and solutions or if the scope of our intellectual property protection is not sufficiently broad, others may be able to develop and commercialize technology and solutions substantially similar to ours, and our ability to successfully commercialize our technology and solutions may be compromised.
Our business depends on proprietary technology and content, including software, machine learning, algorithms, processes, databases, confidential information and know-how, the protection of which is crucial to the success of our business. We rely on a combination of trademark, trade-secret and copyright laws, confidentiality procedures, cybersecurity practices and contractual provisions to protect the intellectual property rights of our proprietary technology and content. We do own one issued patent for our Alfi-enabled tablet and other pending patent applications. If third parties obtain patent protection with respect to technologies that compete with our platform, they may assert that our technology infringes their patents and seek to charge us a licensing fee or otherwise preclude the use of our technology. We may not be able to obtain protection for our technology and even if we are successful in obtaining effective patent, trademark, trade-secret and copyright protection, it is expensive to maintain these rights and the costs of defending our rights could be substantial. Moreover recent changes to U.S. intellectual property laws may jeopardize the enforceability and validity of our intellectual property portfolio and harm our ability to obtain patent protection of some of our unique business methods.
If our trademarks and trade names are not adequately protected, we may not be able to build name recognition in our markets of interest and our competitive position may be harmed.
The registered or unregistered trademarks or trade names that we may be granted may be challenged, infringed, circumvented, declared generic, lapsed or determined to be infringing on or dilutive of other marks. We may not be able to protect our rights in these trademarks and trade names, which we need in order to build name recognition with potential members. If we are unable to establish or protect our trademarks and trade names, or if we are unable to build name recognition based on our trademarks and trade names, we may not be able to compete effectively, which could harm our competitive position, business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.
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We could incur substantial costs and disruption to our business as a result of any claim of infringement of another party’s intellectual property rights, which could harm our business and operating results.
In recent years, there has been significant litigation in the United States over patents and other intellectual property rights. Although we have not faced such issues, in the future we or customers who use our products may unintentionally infringe the trademarks, copyrights, patents and other intellectual property rights of third parties, including allegations made by our competitors or by non-practicing entities. We cannot predict whether assertions of third party intellectual property rights or claims arising from these assertions will substantially harm our business and operating results. If we are forced to defend any infringement claims, whether they are with or without merit or are ultimately determined in our favor, we may face costly litigation and diversion of technical and management personnel. Some of our competitors have substantially greater resources than we do and are able to sustain the cost of complex intellectual property litigation to a greater extent and for longer periods of time than we could. Furthermore, an adverse outcome of a dispute may require us: to pay damages, potentially including treble damages and attorneys’ fees, if we are found to have willfully infringed a party’s patent or other intellectual property rights; to cease making, licensing or using products that are alleged to incorporate or make use of the intellectual property of others; to expend additional development resources to redesign our products; and to enter into potentially unfavorable royalty or license agreements in order to obtain the rights to use necessary technologies. Royalty or licensing agreements, if required, may be unavailable on terms acceptable to us, or at all. In any event, we may need to license intellectual property which would require us to pay royalties or make one-time payments. Even if these matters do not result in litigation or are resolved in our favor or without significant cash settlements, the time and resources necessary to resolve them could harm our business, operating results, financial condition and reputation.
In addition, if our advertising customers do not own the copyright for advertising content included in their advertisements or if digital media property owners do not own the copyright for content to the digital media next to which the advertisements appear, advertisers and digital media properties could receive complaints from copyright owners, which could harm our reputation and our business.
Our management team has limited experience managing a public company.
The members of our management team have limited or no experience managing a publicly-traded company, interacting with public company investors, and complying with the increasingly complex laws, rules and regulations that govern public companies. There are significant obligations we will now be subject to relating to reporting, procedures and internal controls, and our management team may not successfully or efficiently manage our transition to being a public company. These new obligations and scrutiny will require significant attention from our management and could divert their attention away from the day-to-day management of our business, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and operating results.
We have agreed to indemnify our officers and directors against lawsuits to the fullest extent of the law.
We are a Delaware corporation. Delaware law permits the indemnification of officers and directors against expenses incurred in successfully defending against a claim. Delaware law also authorizes Delaware corporations to indemnify their officers and directors against expenses and liabilities incurred because of their being or having been an officer or director. Our organizational documents provide for this indemnification to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law.
Prior to, and in no event not later than, the closing of the offering, we will obtain director and officer liability insurance to cover liabilities our directors and officers may incur in connection with their services to us. There is no guarantee that such insurance coverage will protect us from any damages or loss claims filed against it.
Risks Associated With This Offering
We will incur increased costs as a result of operating as a public company, and our management will be required to devote substantial time to new compliance initiatives.
As a public company, we will incur significant legal, accounting and other expenses that we did not incur as a private company. We will be subject to the reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, which will require, among other things, that we file with the SEC annual, quarterly and current reports with respect to our business and financial condition. In addition, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended, or Sarbanes-Oxley Act, as well as rules subsequently adopted by the SEC and The Nasdaq Capital Market to implement provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, impose significant requirements on public companies, including requiring establishment and maintenance of effective disclosure and financial controls and changes in corporate governance practices. Further, in July 2010, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, or the Dodd-Frank Act, was enacted. There are significant corporate governance and executive compensation related provisions in the Dodd-Frank Act that require the SEC to adopt additional rules and regulations in these areas, such as “say on pay” and proxy access. Emerging growth companies may implement many of these requirements over a longer period and up to five years from the pricing of this offering. We intend to take advantage of these extended transition periods, but cannot guarantee that we will not be required to implement these requirements sooner than budgeted or planned and thereby incur unexpected expenses. Stockholder activism, the current political environment and the current high level of government intervention and regulatory reform may lead to substantial new regulations and disclosure obligations, which may lead to additional compliance costs and impact the manner in which we operate our business in ways we cannot currently anticipate.
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We expect the rules and regulations applicable to public companies to substantially increase our legal and financial compliance costs and to make some activities more time-consuming and costly. If these requirements divert the attention of our management and personnel from other business concerns, they could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. The increased costs will decrease our net income or increase our net loss and may require us to reduce costs in other areas of our business or increase the prices of our products or services. For example, we expect these rules and regulations to make it more difficult and more expensive for us to obtain director and officer liability insurance and we may be required to incur substantial costs to maintain the same or similar coverage. We cannot predict or estimate the amount or timing of additional costs we may incur to respond to these requirements. The impact of these requirements could also make it more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified persons to serve on our board of directors, our board committees or as executive officers.
If we fail to establish and maintain proper and effective internal control over financial reporting, our operating results and our ability to operate our business could be harmed.
Ensuring that we have adequate internal financial and accounting controls and procedures in place so that we can produce accurate financial statements on a timely basis is a costly and time-consuming effort that needs to be re-evaluated frequently. Our internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. In connection with this offering, we intend to begin the process of documenting, reviewing and improving our internal controls and procedures for compliance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, which will require annual management assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. We have begun recruiting additional finance and accounting personnel with certain skill sets that we will need as a public company.
Implementing any appropriate changes to our internal controls may distract our officers and employees, entail substantial costs to modify our existing processes, and take significant time to complete. These changes may not, however, be effective in maintaining the adequacy of our internal controls, and any failure to maintain that adequacy, or consequent inability to produce accurate financial statements on a timely basis, could increase our operating costs and harm our business. In addition, investors’ perceptions that our internal controls are inadequate or that we are unable to produce accurate financial statements on a timely basis may harm our stock price and make it more difficult for us to effectively market and sell any of our present or future product candidates that may receive regulatory approval.
Our disclosure controls and procedures may not prevent or detect all errors or acts of fraud.
Upon completion of this offering, we will become subject to certain reporting requirements of the Exchange Act. Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to reasonably assure that information required to be disclosed by us in reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management, recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the SEC. We believe that any disclosure controls and procedures or internal controls and procedures, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error or mistake. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people or by an unauthorized override of the controls. Accordingly, because of the inherent limitations in our control system, misstatements or insufficient disclosures due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.
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We may issue additional equity securities, or engage in other transactions that could dilute our book value or relative rights of our common stock, which may adversely affect the market price of our common stock and warrants.
Our Board of Directors may determine from time to time that we need to raise additional capital by issuing additional shares of our common stock or other securities. Except as otherwise described in this prospectus, we will not be restricted from issuing additional shares of common stock, including securities that are convertible into or exchangeable for, or that represent the right to receive, shares of our common stock. Because our decision to issue securities in any future offering will depend on market conditions and other factors beyond our control, we cannot predict or estimate the amount, timing, or nature of any future offerings, or the prices at which such offerings may be affected. Additional equity offerings may dilute the holdings of existing shareholders or reduce the market price of our common stock and warrants, or both. Holders of our securities are not entitled to pre-emptive rights or other protections against dilution. New investors also may have rights, preferences and privileges that are senior to, and that adversely affect, then-current holders of our securities. Additionally, if we raise additional capital by making offerings of debt or preferred stock, upon our liquidation, holders of our debt securities and preferred stock, and lenders with respect to other borrowings, may receive distributions of its available assets before the holders of our common stock.
Speculative Nature of Warrants.
The warrants offered in this offering do not confer any rights of common stock ownership on their holders, such as voting rights or the right to receive dividends, but rather merely represent the right to acquire shares of our common stock at a fixed price for a limited period of time. Specifically, commencing on the date of issuance, holders of the warrants may exercise their right to acquire the common stock and pay an exercise price of $6.60 per share ( 110% of the assumed public offering price of our common stock and warrants in this offering), prior to five years from the date of issuance, after which date any unexercised warrants will expire and have no further value. Moreover, following this offering, the market value of the warrants is uncertain and there can be no assurance that the market value of the warrants will equal or exceed their public offering price. There can be no assurance that the market price of the common stock will ever equal or exceed the exercise price of the warrants, and consequently, whether it will ever be profitable for holders of the warrants to exercise the warrants.
The market price of our common stock is likely to be volatile, which could result in substantial losses for purchasers of our common stock in this offering or could subject us to litigation.
The trading prices of the securities of technology companies have been highly volatile. Accordingly, the market price of our common stock has been and is likely to continue to be subject to wide fluctuations. Factors affecting the market price of our common stock include:
· | variations in our operating results, earnings per share, cash flows from operating activities, deferred revenue, and other financial metrics and non-financial metrics, and how those results compare to analyst expectations; |
· | forward looking guidance to industry and financial analysts related to future revenue and earnings per share; |
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· | the net increases in the number of customers and paying subscriptions, either independently or as compared with published expectations of industry, financial or other analysts that cover our company; |
· | changes in the estimates of our operating results or changes in recommendations by securities analysts that elect to follow our common stock; |
· | announcements of technological innovations, new services or service enhancements, strategic alliances or significant agreements by us or by our competitors; |
· | announcements by us or by our competitors of mergers or other strategic acquisitions, or rumors of such transactions involving us or our competitors; |
· | announcements of customer additions and customer cancellations or delays in customer purchases; |
· | recruitment or departure of key personnel; |
· | disruptions in our service due to computer hardware, software or network problems; |
· | the economy as a whole, market conditions in our industry, and the industries of our customers; and |
· | trading activity by a limited number of stockholders who together beneficially own a majority of our outstanding common stock. |
In addition, if the market for technology stocks or the stock market in general experiences uneven investor confidence, the market price of our common stock could decline for reasons unrelated to our business, operating results or financial condition. The market price of our common stock might also decline in reaction to events that affect other companies within, or outside, our industry even if these events do not directly affect us. As a result of this volatility, you may not be able to sell your common stock at or above the initial public offering price. Some companies that have experienced volatility in the trading price of their stock have been the subject of securities class action litigation. If we are to become the subject of such litigation, it could result in substantial costs and a diversion of management’s attention and resources.
An active trading market for our common stock may not develop, and you may not be able to resell your shares at or above the initial public offering price.
Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for shares of our common stock. Although we have applied to list on The NASDAQ Capital Market, an active trading market for our common stock may never develop or be sustained following this offering. The initial public offering price of our common stock was determined through negotiations between us and the underwriters. This initial public offering price may not be indicative of the market price of our common stock after this offering. In the absence of an active trading market for our common stock, investors may not be able to sell their common stock at or above the initial public offering price or at the time that they would like to sell.
There is no established trading market for our shares; further, our shares will be subject to potential delisting if we do not maintain the listing requirements of the NASDAQ Capital Market.
This offering constitutes our initial public offering of our shares. No public market for these shares currently exists. We have applied to list the shares of our common stock on the NASDAQ Capital Market, or NASDAQ (and will also list our warrants if such application is accepted). An approval of our listing application by NASDAQ will be subject to, among other things, our fulfilling all of the listing requirements of NASDAQ. Even if these shares are listed on NASDAQ, there can be no assurance that an active trading market for these securities will develop or be sustained after this offering is completed. The initial offering price has been determined by negotiations among the lead underwriter and us. Among the factors considered in determining the initial offering price were our future prospects and the prospects of our industry in general, our revenue, net income and certain other financial and operating information in recent periods, and the financial ratios, market prices of securities and certain financial and operating information of companies engaged in activities similar to ours. However, there can be no assurance that following this offering our shares of common stock will trade at a price equal to or greater than the offering price.
In addition, NASDAQ has rules for continued listing, including, without limitation, minimum market capitalization and other requirements. Failure to maintain our listing, or de-listing from NASDAQ, would make it more difficult for shareholders to dispose of our common stock and more difficult to obtain accurate price quotations on our common stock. This could have an adverse effect on the price of our common stock. Our ability to issue additional securities for financing or other purposes, or otherwise to arrange for any financing we may need in the future, may also be materially and adversely affected if our common stock is not traded on a national securities exchange.
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Our ability to have our common stock and warrants traded on the NASDAQ is subject to us meeting applicable listing criteria.
We have applied to list our common stock and warrants on NASDAQ, a national securities exchange. The NASDAQ requires companies desiring to list their common stock to meet certain listing criteria including total number of shareholders: minimum stock price, total value of public float, and in some cases total shareholders’ equity and market capitalization. Our failure to meet such applicable listing criteria could prevent us from listing our common stock on NASDAQ. In the event we are unable to have our shares traded on NASDAQ, our common stock could potentially trade on the OTCQX or the OTCQB, each of which is generally considered less liquid and more volatile than the NASDAQ. Our failure to have our shares traded on NASDAQ could make it more difficult for you to trade our shares, could prevent our common stock trading on a frequent and liquid basis and could result in the value of our common stock being less than it would be if we were able to list our shares on NASDAQ.
Unless our shares of common stock are approved for listing on NASDAQ, our common stock will be subject to the “penny stock” rules of the SEC and the trading market in our securities is limited, which makes transactions in our stock cumbersome and may reduce the value of an investment in our stock.
The SEC has adopted Rule 15g-9 which establishes the definition of a “penny stock,” for the purposes relevant to us, as any equity security that has a market price of less than $5.00 per share or with an exercise price of less than $5.00 per share, subject to certain exceptions. For any transaction involving a penny stock, unless exempt, the rules require:
· | that a broker or dealer approve a person’s account for transactions in penny stocks; and |
· | the broker or dealer receive from the investor a written agreement to the transaction, setting forth the identity and quantity of the penny stock to be purchased. |
In order to approve a person’s account for transactions in penny stocks, the broker or dealer must:
· | obtain financial information and investment experience objectives of the person; and |
· | make a reasonable determination that the transactions in penny stocks are suitable for that person and the person has sufficient knowledge and experience in financial matters to be capable of evaluating the risks of transactions in penny stocks. |
The broker or dealer must also deliver, prior to any transaction in a penny stock, a disclosure schedule prescribed by the SEC relating to the penny stock market, which:
· | sets forth the basis on which the broker or dealer made the suitability determination; and |
· | affirms that the broker or dealer received a signed, written agreement from the investor prior to the transaction. |
Generally, brokers may be less willing to execute transactions in securities subject to the “penny stock” rules. This may make it more difficult for investors to dispose of our common stock and cause a decline in the market value of our stock.
Disclosure also has to be made about the risks of investing in penny stocks in both public offerings and in secondary trading and about the commissions payable to both the broker-dealer and the registered representative, current quotations for the securities and the rights and remedies available to an investor in cases of fraud in penny stock transactions. Finally, monthly statements have to be sent disclosing recent price information for the penny stock held in the account and information on the limited market in penny stocks.
Shareholders should be aware that, according to SEC Release No. 34-29093, the market for “penny stocks” has suffered in recent years from patterns of fraud and abuse. Such patterns include (1) control of the market for the security by one or a few broker-dealers that are often related to the promoter or issuer; (2) manipulation of prices through prearranged matching of purchases and sales and false and misleading press releases; (3) boiler room practices involving high-pressure sales tactics and unrealistic price projections by inexperienced sales persons; (4) excessive and undisclosed bid-ask differential and markups by selling broker-dealers; and (5) the wholesale dumping of the same securities by promoters and broker-dealers after prices have been manipulated to a desired level, along with the resulting inevitable collapse of those prices and with consequent investor losses. Our management is aware of the abuses that have occurred historically in the penny stock market. Although we do not expect to be in a position to dictate the behavior of the market or of broker-dealers who participate in the market, management will strive within the confines of practical limitations to prevent the described patterns from being established with respect to our securities. Unless our shares of common stock are approved for listing on NASDAQ, the occurrence of these patterns or practices could increase the future volatility of our share price.
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If securities analysts do not publish research or reports about our business or if they publish negative evaluations of our stock, the price of our stock could decline.
The trading market for our common stock will rely in part on the research and reports that industry or financial analysts publish about us or our business. We may never obtain research coverage by industry or financial analysts. If no or few analysts commence coverage of us, the trading price of our stock would likely decrease. Even if we do obtain analyst coverage, if one or more of the analysts covering our business downgrade their evaluations of our stock, the price of our stock could decline. If one or more of these analysts cease to cover our stock, we could lose visibility in the market for our stock, which in turn could cause our stock price to decline.
If securities or industry analysts adversely change their recommendations regarding our common stock or if our operating results do not meet their expectations, our stock price could decline.
The trading market for our common stock will be influenced by the research and reports that industry or securities analysts publish about us or our business. If one or more of these analysts cease coverage of our company or fail to publish reports on us regularly, we could lose visibility in the financial markets, which in turn could cause our stock price or trading volume to decline. Moreover, if one or more of the analysts who cover our company downgrades our common stock or if our operating results do not meet their expectations, our stock price could decline.
If you purchase our common stock in this offering, you will incur immediate and substantial dilution in the book value of your shares.
You will suffer immediate and substantial dilution in the net tangible book value of the common stock you purchase in this offering. Based on the assumed initial public offering price of $6.00 per share, purchasers of common stock in this offering will experience immediate dilution of $_____ per share in net tangible book value of the common stock. In addition, investors purchasing common stock in this offering will contribute _____% of the total amount invested by stockholders since inception but will only own _____% of the shares of common stock outstanding. In the past, we issued options and other securities to acquire common stock at prices significantly below the initial public offering price. To the extent these outstanding securities are ultimately exercised, investors purchasing common stock in this offering will sustain further dilution. See the section of this prospectus titled “Dilution” for a more detailed description of the dilution to new investors in the offering.
Raising additional capital may cause dilution to our stockholders, including purchasers of common stock in this offering, restrict our operations or require us to relinquish rights to our technologies or current or future product candidates.
Until such time, if ever, as we can generate substantial product revenues, we expect to finance our cash needs through a combination of private and public equity offerings, debt financings, collaborations, strategic alliances and marketing, distribution or licensing arrangements. To the extent that we raise additional capital through the sale of common stock or securities convertible or exchangeable into common stock, your ownership interest will be diluted, and the terms of these securities may include liquidation or other preferences that materially adversely affect your rights as a common stockholder. Debt financing, if available, would increase our fixed payment obligations and may involve agreements that include covenants limiting or restricting our ability to take specific actions, such as incurring additional debt, making capital expenditures or declaring dividends.
If we raise funds through additional collaborations, strategic alliances or marketing, distribution or licensing arrangements with third parties, we may have to relinquish valuable rights to our intellectual property, future revenue streams, research programs or current or future product candidates or to grant licenses on terms that may not be favorable to us. If we are unable to raise additional funds through equity or debt financings when needed, we may be required to delay, scale back or discontinue the development and commercialization of one or more of our product candidates, delay our pursuit of potential in-licenses or acquisitions or grant rights to develop and market current or future product candidates that we would otherwise prefer to develop and market ourselves.
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The underwriters of this offering may waive or release parties to the lock-up agreements entered into in connection with this offering, which could adversely affect the price of our securities including our common stock.
We, all of our directors and executive officers, and certain of our other significant stockholders have entered or will enter into lock-up agreements pursuant to which we and they will be subject to certain restrictions with respect to the sale or other disposition of our common stock for a period of 365 days, with respect to us and 180 days with respect to our directors, executive officers and significant stockholders following the date of this prospectus. The underwriters, at any time and without notice, may release all or any portion of the common stock subject to the foregoing lock-up agreements. See “Underwriting” for more information on these agreements. If the restrictions under the lock-up agreements are waived, then the common stock, subject to compliance with the Securities Act or exceptions therefrom, will be available for sale into the public markets, which could cause the market price of our common stock to decline and impair our ability to raise capital. Sales of a substantial number of shares upon expiration of the lock-up and market stand-off agreements, the perception that such sales may occur, or early release of these agreements, could cause our market price to fall or make it more difficult for you to sell your common stock at a time and price that you deem appropriate.
Our principal stockholders will control the direction of our business and such parties’ ownership of our common stock will prevent you and other stockholders from influencing significant decisions.
Following the completion of this offering, our executive officers and directors, will own approximately 71.4% of the outstanding common stock (or % if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares in full). For so long as they continue to hold the shares, they will still be able to significantly influence or effectively control the composition of our board of directors and the approval of actions requiring stockholder approval through their voting power. Accordingly, for such period of time, these holders will have significant influence with respect to our management, business plans and policies.
Anti-takeover effects of certain provisions of Delaware state law hinder a potential takeover of our company.
We are subject to statutory "anti-takeover" provisions under Delaware law; the provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, an anti-takeover law. In general, Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporate Law, or DGCL, which may prohibit certain business combinations with stockholders owning 15% or more of our outstanding voting stock. These antitakeover provisions and other provisions in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws could make it more difficult for stockholders or potential acquirers to obtain control of our board of directors or initiate actions that are opposed by the then-current board of directors and could also delay or impede a merger, tender offer or proxy contest involving our company. These provisions could also discourage proxy contests and make it more difficult for you and other stockholders to elect directors of your choosing or cause us to take other corporate actions you desire. Any delay or prevention of a change of control transaction or changes in our board of directors could cause the market price of our common stock to decline.
Certain provisions of our bylaws are intended to strengthen the position of our board of directors in the event of a hostile takeover attempt. These provisions have the effect of providing our board of directors with the sole power to fill vacancies on our board of directors and providing that stockholders may only call a special meeting by the request, in writing, of stockholders owning individually or together ten percent or more of the entire capital stock of the corporation issued and outstanding and entitled to vote.
Therefore, the provisions of the control share acquisition act do not apply to acquisitions of our shares and will not until such time as these requirements have been met. At such time as they may apply to us, the provisions of the control share acquisition act may discourage companies or persons interested in acquiring a significant interest in or control of us, regardless of whether such acquisition may be in the interest of our stockholders.
We may include provisions in our articles of incorporation that may discourage a third party from making a proposal to acquire us, even if some of our shareholders might consider the proposal to be in their best interests. For example, we may amend our articles of incorporation to authorize our board of directors to issue one or more classes or series of preferred stock that could discourage or delay a tender offer or change in control. In addition, we may enter into a shareholder rights plan, commonly known as a "poison pill," that may delay or prevent a change of control.
Provisions in our Charter and Delaware law may have the effect of discouraging lawsuits against our directors and officers.
Our Charter requires, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, that (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf, (ii) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any director, officer or other employee to us or our stockholders, (iii) any action asserting a claim against us, our directors, officers or employees arising pursuant to any provision of the DGCL or the Charter or our bylaws, or (iv) any action asserting a claim against us, our directors, officers or employees governed by the internal affairs doctrine may be brought only in the Court of Chancery in the State of Delaware, except any claim (A) as to which the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware determines that there is an indispensable party not subject to the jurisdiction of the Court of Chancery (and the indispensable party does not consent to the personal jurisdiction of the Court of Chancery within ten days following such determination), (B) which is vested in the exclusive jurisdiction of a court or forum other than the Court of Chancery or (C) for which the Court of Chancery does not have subject matter jurisdiction. If an action is brought outside of Delaware, the stockholder bringing the suit will be deemed to have consented to service of process on such stockholder’s counsel. Although we believe this provision benefits us by providing increased consistency in the application of Delaware law in the types of lawsuits to which it applies, a court may determine that this provision is unenforceable, and to the extent it is enforceable, the provision may have the effect of discouraging lawsuits against our directors and officers, although our stockholders will not be deemed to have waived our compliance with federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder.
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Our bylaws further provide that, unless we consent in writing to an alternative forum, the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida will be the exclusive forum for resolving any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act. Our bylaws also provides that any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in shares of our capital stock will be deemed to have notice of and to have consented to this choice of forum provision. We recognize that the forum selection clause in our bylaws may impose additional litigation costs on stockholders in pursuing any such claims, particularly if the stockholders do not reside in or near the State of Florida. Additionally, the forum selection clause in our bylaws may limit our stockholders’ ability to bring a claim in a forum that they find favorable for disputes with us or our directors, officers or employees, which may discourage such lawsuits against us and our directors, officers and employees even though an action, if successful, might benefit our stockholders. If a court were to find these exclusive-forum provisions in our certificate of incorporation or bylaws to be inapplicable or unenforceable in an action, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving the dispute in other jurisdictions, which could seriously harm our business. Nothing in our certificate of incorporation or by-laws will preclude stockholders that assert claims under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act from bringing such claims in state or federal court, subject to applicable law.
Future sales or other issuances of our common stock could depress the market for our common stock.
Sales of a substantial number of shares of our common stock, or the perception by the market that those sales could occur, whether through this offering or other offerings of our securities, could cause the market price of our common stock to decline or could make it more difficult for us to raise funds through the sale of equity in the future.
We have broad discretion to use the net proceeds from this offering and our investment of these proceeds pending any such use may not yield a favorable return.
Because we have not designated the amount of net proceeds from this offering to be used for any particular purpose, other than the repayment of debt, our management will have broad discretion as to the application of the remaining net proceeds from this offering, as described below in “Use of Proceeds,” and could use them for purposes other than those contemplated at the time of the offering. Our management may use the remaining net proceeds for corporate purposes that may not improve our financial condition or market value of our common stock.
We are an emerging growth company and a smaller reporting company, and we cannot be certain if the reduced reporting requirements applicable to emerging growth companies and smaller reporting companies will make our common stock less attractive to investors.
We are an emerging growth company, as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act, or JOBS Act, enacted in April 2012. For as long as we continue to be an emerging growth company, we may take advantage of exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies, including not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in this prospectus and our periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding nonbinding advisory votes on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved. We could be an emerging growth company for up to five years following the year in which we complete this offering, although circumstances could cause us to lose that status earlier. We will remain an emerging growth company until the earlier of (i) the last day of the fiscal year (a) following the fifth anniversary of the closing of this offering, (b) in which we have total annual gross revenue of at least $1.07 billion, or (c) in which we are deemed to be a large accelerated filer, which requires the market value of our common stock that is held by non-affiliates to exceed $700 million as of the prior June 30th, and (ii) the date on which we have issued more than $1 billion in non-convertible debt during the prior three-year period.
Under the JOBS Act, emerging growth companies can also delay adopting new or revised accounting standards until such time as those standards apply to private companies. We have elected to not “opt out” of this exemption from complying with new or revised accounting standards and, therefore, we will adopt new or revised accounting standards at the time private companies adopt the new or revised accounting standard and will do so until such time that we either (i) irrevocably elect to “opt out” of such extended transition period or (ii) no longer qualify as an emerging growth company.
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Even after we no longer qualify as an emerging growth company, we may still qualify as a “smaller reporting company,” which would allow us to continue to take advantage of many of the same exemptions from disclosure requirements, including not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in this prospectus and our periodic reports and proxy statements. We cannot predict if investors will find our common stock less attractive because we may rely on these exemptions. If some investors find our common stock less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for our common stock and our stock price may be more volatile.
Because we do not anticipate paying any cash dividends on our capital stock in the foreseeable future, capital appreciation, if any, will be your sole source of gain.
We have never declared or paid cash dividends on our capital stock. We currently intend to retain all of our future earnings, if any, to finance the growth and development of our business. As a result, capital appreciation, if any, of our common stock will be your sole source of gain for the foreseeable future.
After the completion of this offering, we may be at an increased risk of securities class action litigation.
Historically, securities class action litigation has often been brought against a company following a decline in the market price of its securities. This risk is especially relevant for us because we are a smaller company, and smaller companies tend to experience greater volatility in the price of their securities. If we were to be sued, it could result in substantial costs and a diversion of management’s attention and resources, which could harm our business.
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SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This prospectus contains forward-looking statements. Such forward-looking statements include those that express plans, anticipation, intent, contingency, goals, targets or future development and/or otherwise are not statements of historical fact. These forward-looking statements are based on our current expectations and projections about future events and they are subject to risks and uncertainties known and unknown that could cause actual results and developments to differ materially from those expressed or implied in such statements.
In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology, such as “expects,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “estimates,” “plans,” “believes,” “seeks,” “may,” “should,” “could” or the negative of such terms or other similar expressions. Accordingly, these statements involve estimates, assumptions and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in them. Any forward-looking statements are qualified in their entirety by reference to the factors discussed throughout this prospectus.
You should read this prospectus (as it may be supplemented or amended) and the documents that we reference herein and therein and have filed as exhibits to the registration statement, of which this prospectus is part, completely and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we expect. You should assume that the information appearing in this prospectus is accurate as of the date on the front cover of this prospectus only. Because the risk factors referred to above, as well as the risk factors referred to on page ] of this prospectus, could cause actual results or outcomes to differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking statements made by us or on our behalf, you should not place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. Further, any forward-looking statement speaks only as of the date on which it is made, and we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement to reflect events or circumstances after the date on which the statement is made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events. New factors emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for us to predict which factors will arise. In addition, we cannot assess the impact of each factor on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements. We qualify all of the information presented in this prospectus, and particularly our forward-looking statements, by these cautionary statements.
Except to the extent required by applicable laws or rules, we undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement, whether written or oral, that may be made from time to time, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. All subsequent written and oral forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements contained above and throughout this prospectus and in the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus. We qualify all of our forward-looking statements by these cautionary statements.
IN ADDITION TO THE ABOVE RISKS, BUSINESSES ARE OFTEN SUBJECT TO RISKS NOT FORESEEN OR FULLY APPRECIATED BY MANAGEMENT. IN REVIEWING THIS PROSPECTUS AND THE DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE IN THIS PROSPECTUS, POTENTIAL INVESTORS SHOULD KEEP IN MIND THAT THERE MAY BE OTHER POSSIBLE RISKS THAT COULD BE IMPORTANT.
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We estimate that the net proceeds from the sale of the 3,000,000 shares of common stock and accompanying warrants will be approximately $15.9 million, or approximately $18.3 million if the underwriter exercises in full its option to purchase additional shares of common stock and accompanying warrants, based on an assumed combined public offering price of $6.00 , which is the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. This estimate excludes the proceeds, if any, from the exercise of common warrants in this offering. If all of the warrants sold in this offering were to be exercised in cash at an assumed exercise price of $6.60 per share, we would receive additional net proceeds of approximately $19.8 million. We cannot predict when, or if, these warrants will be exercised. It is possible that these warrants may expire and may never be exercised. Each $1.00 increase (decrease) in the assumed combined public offering price of $6.00 per share of common stock and accompanying warrant would increase (decrease) the net proceeds to us from this offering by approximately $2.73 million, , assuming the number of shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remain the same and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.
We currently intend to use the net proceeds from this offering, together with our existing cash to repay certain outstanding indebtedness in an amount of (i) $2,500,000 plus accrued interest under a loan from Lee Aerospace, (ii) up to $2,000,0000 plus accrued and unpaid interest on any amounts advanced under the bridge loan agreement between us, Lee Aerospace, our CEO and our CFO, (iii) to acquire the balance of any of our Alfi-enabled tablets acquired by Lee Aerospace on our behalf that have not been acquired with the proceeds of the bridge loan, and the remaining amounts for product launch, general corporate purposes, including working capital, business development, sales and marketing activities and capital expenditures.
We currently have outstanding promissory notes to Lee Aerospace, a corporation controlled by one of our board members and one of our stockholders. The notes are in an aggregate principal amount of $2,500,000 and bear interest at the rate of 5.0% per year. The notes mature on the earlier of June 30, 2021 or the occurrence of certain events, including the closing of this offering. As of January 31, 2021, the amount outstanding on these notes, including accrued interest, was $2.62 million. The note is secured by a pledge of all our intellectual property and the pledge of shares by Paul Pereira our CEO and John Cook, our Director of Business Development. See “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions.”
On December 30, 2020, we entered into a bridge loan agreement with Lee Aerospace ($1,700,000), Paul Pereira ($250,000), our CEO, and Dennis McIntosh ($50,000), our CFO, in an amount not to exceed an aggregate of $2,000,000 and an amount not less than $1,000,000; provided that any advance in excess of $1,000,000 are at the discretion of the lenders. Amounts are to be advanced as requested by us, subject to the satisfaction of customary conditions, on a pro rata basis among the lenders. Amounts outstanding under the bridge loan bear interest at the rate of 18.0% per year. The note matures on the earlier of June 30, 2021 or the occurrence of certain events, including the closing of this offering. In addition, the lenders have been issued 1,260,023 shares of common stock as additional consideration. As of January 31, 2021, the amount outstanding on the bridge loan, including accrued interest was $2.02 million. See “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions.”
Pursuant to a Letter Agreement dated March 19, 2020, Lee Aerospace advanced on our behalf 7,600 tablets from Lenovo Group Limited on which we can install our Alfi software. We have the right to acquire those tablets from Lee Aerospace at any time, or from time to time, upon payment of a purchase price of $125 per tablet. To the extent we have not used proceeds from the bridge loan to acquire all of the tablets, we expect to purchase any remaining tablets with the proceeds of this offering. See “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions.”
The expected use of net proceeds of this offering represents our current intentions based upon our present plan and business conditions. As of the date of this prospectus, we cannot specify with certainty all of the particular uses for the net proceeds to be received upon the completion of this offering. The amounts and timing of our actual use of net proceeds will vary depending on numerous factors. As a result, management will have broad discretion in the application of the net proceeds, and investors will be relying on our judgment regarding the application of the net proceeds of this offering. After repaying the indebtedness, we will expect to have remaining proceeds of $ _____, or $_____ if the underwriters exercise their over-allotment in full.
Pending the use of the net proceeds of this offering, we intend to invest the net proceeds in short-term investment-grade, interest-bearing securities.
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We currently intend to retain all available funds and any future earnings to support our operations and finance the growth and development of our business, and therefore do not intend to pay cash dividends on our common stock for the foreseeable future. Any future determination related to our dividend policy will be made at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend on, among other factors, our results of operations, financial condition, capital requirements, contractual restrictions, business prospects and other factors our board of directors may deem relevant. Investors should not purchase our common stock with the expectation of receiving cash dividends.
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The following table sets forth our capitalization as of September 30, 2020:
· |
on an actual basis;
on a pro forma basis to reflect (i) the borrowing of amounts under the bridge loan on the date of this offering and (ii) the issuance of 1,260,023 shares of common stock to the bridge lenders; and |
· |
on a pro forma as-adjusted basis to reflect (i) the issuance and sale by us of 3,000,000 shares of common stock and accompanying warrant in this offering at the assumed combined public offering price of $6.00 per share of common stock and warrant, the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us and the receipt by us of the proceeds of such sale, (ii) the application of the proceeds to repay the promissory notes to Lee Aerospace, (iii) the repayment of the bridge loan amounts, (iv) the purchase of the remaining Alfi-enabled tablets from Lee Aerospace and (v) the conversion of our Series Seed Preferred Stock into 3,150,057 shares of common stock. |
You should read this information together with the sections titled “Selected Financial Information,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus.
As of September 30, 2020 | |||||||||||||
Actual | Pro Forma |
Pro Forma
as Adjusted |
|||||||||||
(unaudited) | (unaudited) | (unaudited) | |||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 57,726 | $ | [•] | $ | [•] | |||||||
Long-term debt, net | $ | [•] | $ | [•] | $ | [•] | |||||||
Stockholders’ equity: | |||||||||||||
Preferred stock, $ 0.0001 par value; 2,500,000 shares authorized (actual), 2,500,000 shares issued and outstanding (actual and pro forma); none issued and outstanding (pro forma as adjusted) | 2,500,000 | [•] | [•] | ||||||||||
Common stock, $0.0001 par value; 15,000,000 shares authorized, 2,525,000 shares issued and outstanding (actual and pro forma); authorized, issued and outstanding (pro forma as adjusted) | 252 | [•] | [•] | ||||||||||
Additional paid-in capital | 25,000 | [•] | [•] | ||||||||||
Accumulated surplus (deficit) | (792,682 | ) | [•] | [•] | |||||||||
Total shareholders’ equity | 1,732,570 | [•] | [•] | ||||||||||
Total capitalization | [•] | [•] | [•] | ||||||||||
$ | 1,790,296 | $ | [•] | $ | [•] |
The number of shares of common stock to be outstanding after this offering is based on 7,591,638 shares of common stock outstanding at January 31, 2021, and excludes the following:
· |
611,313 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of our outstanding stock options at a weighted average exercise price of $1.19 per share; |
|
· |
450,000 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the underwriter’s option to purchase additional shares of common stock to cover over-allotments; |
|
· |
3,000,000 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants at a price of $6.60 per share; |
|
· |
150,000 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the representative’s warrants at a price of $6.60 per share; |
Unless otherwise indicated, all information in this prospectus reflects or assumes: | ||
· |
a 1.2600 to 1 forward stock split to be effected at the time of effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part on February , 2021. |
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If you invest in our common stock in this offering, your ownership interest will be immediately diluted to the extent of the difference between the initial public offering price $ per share of our common stock (the mid-point of the range appearing on the front cover of this prospectus) and the pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share of our common stock immediately after this offering.
As of September 30, 2020, our pro forma net tangible book value (deficit) was $(5.28) million, or $(2.09) per share of our common stock. Net tangible book value (deficit) per share represents our total tangible assets (total assets less intangible assets) less total liabilities and convertible preferred stock, divided by the total number of our outstanding shares of common stock as of September 30, 2020.
Our pro forma net tangible book value as of September 30, 2020 was approximately ($2.78) million, or $(1.10) per share of pro forma common stock. Net tangible book value (deficit) per share represents the amount of our total tangible assets (total assets less intangible assets) less total liabilities, divided by the total number of outstanding shares of our common stock as of September 30, 2020.
After giving effect to the sale and issuance of shares of common stock in this offering, at the assumed combined initial public offering price of $_____ per share, the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us, our pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value as of September 30, 2020 would have been approximately $_____ million, or $_____ per share of our common stock. This represents an immediate increase in pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value of approximately $_____ per share to our existing stockholders and an immediate dilution of $____ per share to new investors.
Dilution per share to investors participating in this offering is determined by subtracting pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share after this offering from the initial public offering price per share paid by investors participating in this offering. The following table illustrates this dilution (without giving effect to any exercise by the underwriters of their option to purchase additional shares):
Assumed initial public offering price per share | ||||||
Pro forma net tangible book value per share as of September 30, 2020 | ||||||
Increase in pro forma net tangible book value per share attributable to investors participating in this offering | ||||||
Pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share immediately after this offering | ||||||
Dilution in pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share to new investors participating in this offering |
The dilution information discussed above is illustrative and will change based on the actual initial public offering price and other terms of this offering determined at pricing. If the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares of common stock in full, our pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share after this offering would be approximately $_____ per share, and the dilution in pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share to new investors participating in this offering would be $_____ per share.
A $1.00 increase (decrease) in the assumed combined initial public offering price of $6.00 per share of common stock and accompanying warrant, the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, would increase (decrease) the as adjusted net tangible book value by $_____ per share and the dilution to investors participating in this offering by $_____ per share, assuming the number of shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated expenses payable by us.
Similarly, each increase (decrease) of 100,000 shares of common stock offered by us in this offering would increase (decrease) the as adjusted net tangible book value by $_____ per share and the dilution to investors participating in this offering by $_____ per share, assuming the combined initial public offering price of $_____ per share of common stock, the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated expenses payable by us.
The following table summarizes, on an as adjusted basis as of September 30, 2020, the differences between the number of shares of common stock purchased from us, the total cash consideration and the average price per share paid to us by existing stockholders and by new investors purchasing shares of common stock in this offering at the assumed combined initial public offering price of $ 6.00 per share, the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover of this prospectus before deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. As the table shows, new investors purchasing shares of common stock in this offering will pay an average price per share substantially higher than our existing investors paid.
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SHARES
PURCHASED |
TOTAL
CONSIDERATION |
AVERAGE
PRICE PER |
||||||||||||||||||
NUMBER | PERCENT | AMOUNT | PERCENT | SHARE | ||||||||||||||||
Existing stockholders | 100 | % | $ | 100 | % | $ | 0.01 | |||||||||||||
New investors participating in this offering | ||||||||||||||||||||
Total | 100 | % | $ | 100 | % |
If the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares of common stock in full, the number of shares of common stock held by existing stockholders will be reduced to _____% of the total number of shares of common stock to be outstanding after this offering, and the number of shares of common stock held by investors participating in this offering will be further increased to % of the total number of shares of common stock to be outstanding after this offering.
The number of shares of common stock to be outstanding after this offering is based on 7,591,638 shares of common stock outstanding at January 31, 2021, and excludes the following:
· |
611,313 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of our outstanding stock options at a weighted average exercise price of $1.19 per share; |
· |
450,000 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the underwriter’s option to purchase additional shares of common stock and/or common stock to cover over-allotments; |
· |
3,000,000 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants at a price of $6.60 per share; |
· |
150,000 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the representative’s warrants at a price of $6.60 per share; |
Unless otherwise indicated, all information in this prospectus reflects or assumes:
· |
the issuance of 3,150,057 shares of our common stock upon conversion of our outstanding Series Seed Preferred Stock; |
· |
a 1.260023 to 1 forward stock split to be effected at the time of effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part on February , 2021; and |
· | the filing of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, which will become effective immediately prior to the closing of this offering, and the effectiveness of our amended and restated bylaws, which will become effective upon the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. |
To the extent that outstanding options are exercised or shares are issued under our equity incentive plans, you will experience further dilution. In addition, we may choose to raise additional capital due to market conditions or strategic considerations even if we believe we have sufficient funds for our current or future operating plans. To the extent that additional capital is raised through the sale of equity or convertible debt securities, the issuance of these securities may result in further dilution to our stockholders.
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MARKET FOR OUR COMMON STOCK AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
Our common stock is not quoted on any market, and never has been.
As of January 31, 2021, we had 6 shareholders of record of our common stock.
We have applied for the listing of our common stock on The NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbol “ALF.” In conjunction therewith, we also have applied to have the warrants listed on The NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbol “ALFIW” No assurance can be given that such application will be approved or that a trading market will develop.
We are not aware of any withholding requirements for U.S. holders or of any treaties that would affect our common stock.
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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, as well as for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, and should be read together with the “Selected Financial Information” section of this prospectus and our consolidated financial statements and the related notes appearing at the end of this prospectus. Some of the information contained in this discussion and analysis or set forth elsewhere in this prospectus, including information with respect to our plans and strategy for our business and related financing, includes forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. You should read the “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” and “Risk Factors” sections of this prospectus for a discussion of important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results described in or implied by the forward-looking statements contained in the following discussion and analysis.
Overview
We provide solutions that bring transparency and accountability to the digital out of home, or “DOOH,” advertising marketplace. Alfi uses artificial intelligence and big data analytics to measure and predict human response. Our computer vision technology is powered by proprietary artificial intelligence, to determine the age, gender, ethnicity, geolocation and emotion of someone in front of an Alfi-enabled device, such as a tablet or kiosk. Alfi can then deliver in real-time, the advertisements to that particular viewer based on the viewer’s demographic and psychographic profile. Alfi delivers the right content, to the right person at the right time in a responsible and ethical manner. By delivering advertisements a viewer wants, we deliver our advertising customers the viewers they want and the result is higher click through rates, or CTRs and higher CPM, cost per thousand, rates.
Alfi has created an enterprise grade, multimedia computer vision and machine learning platform, generating powerful advertising recommendations and insights. Multiple technologies work together in Alfi with viewer privacy and reporting objectives as our two goals. Alfi uses a facial fingerprinting process to make demographic determinations. As such, Alfi makes no attempt to identify the individual in front of the screen. Brand owners don’t need to know your name and invade your privacy to gain a deeper understanding of the consumers who view their content. By providing age, gender, ethnicity and geolocation information, brand owners have all of the data they need for meaningful interaction. The artificial intelligence and machine learning components of Alfi also gather retina tracking data, keyword recognition and voice intonation without compromising the privacy of the end-user. From an analytics perspective, these data points give meaningful reporting instead of arbitrary calculations of ad engagement.
Alfi solves the problem of providing real time, accurate and rich reporting on customer demographics, usage, interactivity and engagement while never storing any personal identifiable information. No viewer is ever required, or requested by us, to enter any information about themselves on any Alfi-enabled device. Alfi was designed to be fully compliant with all privacy regulations. Alfi is fully compliant with the General Data Protection Regulation, in Europe, California Consumer Privacy Act, and the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act.
Our initial focus is to place our Alfi-enabled devices in rideshares and airports. According to Harvard Business School study published in February 2018, Americans are estimated to have spent more than 37 billion hours waiting. Alfi has been beta testing Alfi-enabled devices in these locations to determine market receptivity to smart screens. From our testing, Alfi has been able to achieve CTRs, of between 6% and 9%, but believes it could achieve CTRs exceeding 15% as Alfi-enabled devices are deployed more widely. By comparison, according to Acquiso in 2018, the average CTR for a display banner ad was less than 1%.
We anticipate generating revenue from our Alfi-enabled devices not later than the second quarter of 2021. Currently, we intend to charge customers solely based on a CPM, or ads delivered, model. As we continue to prove Alfi in the market, we expect to charge customers based on a combination of CPM and CTR, and that we will generate higher CPM rates than typical DOOH advertising platforms because we will only deliver ads to the customer’s desired demographic. In addition, we will provide the aggregated data to the brands, on a subscription basis, so they can make more informed advertising decisions.
Limited Operating History
There is no historical financial information about us upon which to base an evaluation of our performance. We are in start-up stage operations and we expect to begin to generate revenues from our products and services not later than the second quarter of 2021. We cannot guarantee we will be successful in our business operations. Our business is subject to risks inherent in the establishment of a new business enterprise, including limited capital resources and possible cost overruns due to price and cost increases in services and products.
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Critical Accounting Policies and Significant Accounting Estimates
Our management’s discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based on our financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, or GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements as well as the reported expenses during the reporting periods. The accounting estimates that require our most significant, difficult, and subjective judgments have an impact on revenue recognition, the determination of share-based compensation, and financial instruments. We evaluate our estimates and judgments on an ongoing basis. Actual results may differ materially from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
Income taxes. We intend to account for income taxes under ASC 740 “Income Taxes” which codified SFAS 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes” and FIN 48 “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes – an Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109.” under the asset and liability method of ASC 740, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statements carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. Under ASC 740, the effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period the enactment occurs. A valuation allowance is provided for certain deferred tax assets if it is more likely than not that the company will not realize tax assets through future operations.
Use of estimates. The preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates include, assumptions used in the fair value of equity instruments, the valuation allowance against deferred tax assets, and the estimates of fair value of warrant liabilities.
Off-balance sheet arrangements. We have no off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources.
Revenues. We have not generated any revenues to date. We expect to generate revenue primarily through three methods: (i) by directly selling advertising on our Alfi-enabled devices on either or both of a CPM or CTR basis, (ii) by licensing Alfi to other DOOH advertisers on a monthly subscription basis and (iii) by selling the data collected by Alfi to advertisers on a subscription or project basis.
Direct Expenses. Direct Expenses reflects all costs associated with revenue generation including consultants, specifically identifiable direct contract costs (both reimbursable and non-reimbursable), operations labor and other direct expenses including operations benefits and bonuses.
General & Administrative Expenses. General & administrative expenses represent corporate and other general overhead expenses, including general occupancy, administrative expenses.
Interest Expense. Interest expense consists of contractual interest expense on outstanding debt obligations, amortization of deferred financing costs and other related financing expenses.
Other Income (Expense). Other income or (expense) reflects non-recurring and extraordinary non-operating expenses, cost associated with discontinued operations and gains or losses, including the costs and related accumulated depreciation recapture, resulting from the disposal of an asset, upon the sale or retirement of such asset.
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Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 Compared With Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019
The following table presents the results of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019:
September
30,
2020 |
September
30,
2019 |
|||||||
Revenues | -0- | -0- | ||||||
Cost of sales | 331,110 | -0- | ||||||
Operating expenses | 622,406 | 11,482 | ||||||
Other income (expense) | 96,285 | 46,606 | ||||||
Net income (loss) before provision for income taxes | (857,231 | ) | 35,124 | |||||
Provision for income taxes | -0- | -0- | ||||||
Net income (loss) after provision for income taxes | (857,231 | ) | 35,124 |
Revenues. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019 we had no net revenues. We were engaged in operational use of our Alfi-enabled tablets by customers, but had not yet begun charging advertisers for delivering advertisements.
Cost of Sales. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020 cost of sales increased by $331,110, or 100%, to $331,110 from $0 for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The increase was primarily due to an increase in tablet inventory consumption and direct product costs.
Operating Expenses. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020 operating expenses increased by $610,924, or 5,320%, to $622,406 from $11,482 for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The increase was primarily due to general and administrative costs and stock-based compensation expenses incurred in 2020 not present in 2019.
Other Income (expense). For the nine months ended September 30, 2020 other income (expense) increased by $49,679, or 50.7%, to $96,285 from $46,606 for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The increase was primarily due to an increase in foreign VAT and other income tax credits realized in 2020.
Year Ended December 31, 2019 Compared With Year Ended December 31, 2018
The following table presents the results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018:
December 31,
2019 |
December 31,
2018 |
|||||||
Revenues | -0- | -0- | ||||||
Operating expenses | 22,166 | 2,186 | ||||||
Other income (expense) | 88,901 | -0- | ||||||
Net income (loss) before provision for income taxes | 66,735 | (2,186 | ) | |||||
Provision for income taxes | -0- | -0- | ||||||
Net income (loss) after provision for income taxes | 66,735 | (2,186 | ) |
Revenues. For the years ended December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 we had no net revenues. We were engaged in beta testing of our Alfi-enabled tablets, and had not yet begun charging advertisers for delivering advertisement.
Operating Expenses. For the year ended December 31, 2019 operating expenses increased by $19,980, or 1,013%, to $22,166 from $2,186 for the year ended December 31, 2018. The increase was primarily due to an increase in depreciation expense on capital equipment purchased.
Other Income (expense). For the year ended December 31, 2019 other income increased by $88,901 from $0 for the year ended December 31, 2018. The increase was primarily due to a foreign VAT credits received in 2019, but not present in 2018.
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Liquidity and Capital Resources
To date, we have financed our operations primarily through cash proceeds from the private placements of preferred equity and debt securities.
We currently have outstanding a promissory note to a corporation controlled by one of our stockholder’s and board member. The note is in an aggregate principal amount of $2,500,000 and bears interest at the rate of 5.0% per year. The note matures on the earlier of June 30, 2021 or the occurrence of certain events, including the closing of this offering. As of January 31, 2021, the amount outstanding on this note was $2.62 million. We will repay this note with the proceeds of this offering.
On December 30, 2020, we entered into a bridge loan agreement with Lee Aerospace ($1,700,000), Paul Pereira ($250,000), our CEO, and Dennis McIntosh ($50,000), our CFO, in an amount not to exceed an aggregate of $2,000,000 and an amount not less than $1,000,000; provided that any advance in excess of $1,000,000 are at the discretion of the lenders. Amounts are to be advanced as requested by us, subject to the satisfaction of customary conditions, on a pro rata basis among the lenders. Amounts outstanding under the bridge loan bear interest at the rate of 18.0% per year. The note matures on the earlier of June 30, 2021 or the occurrence of certain events, including the closing of this offering. In addition, the lenders have been issued 1,260,023 shares of common stock as additional consideration. As of January 31, 2021, the amount outstanding on the bridge loan, including accrued interest was $2.02 million.
Pursuant to a Letter Agreement dated March 19, 2020, Lee Aerospace advanced on our behalf 7,600 tablets from Lenovo Group Limited on which we can install our Alfi software. We have the right to acquire those tablets from Lee Aerospace at any time, or from time to time, upon payment of a purchase price of $125 per tablet. To the extent we have not used proceeds from the bridge loan to acquire all of the tablets, we expect to purchase any remaining tablets with the proceeds of this offering.
Our operating needs include the planned costs to operate our business, including amounts required to fund working capital and capital expenditures. Our future capital requirements and the adequacy of our available funds will depend on many factors, including our ability to successfully commercialize our products and services, competing technological and market developments, and the need to enter into collaborations with other companies or acquire other companies or technologies to enhance or complement our product and service offerings.
We believe that the proceeds of this offering, after the repayment of our indebtedness, will be sufficient to fund our operations for approximately eighteen months.
Summary of Cash Flows for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 and 2019
Our sources of cash flows were as follows:
Cash Flows From Operating Activities
We experienced positive (negative) cash flows from operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 in the amounts of ($1,082,554) and $5,128, respectively. The net cash used in operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was primarily a result of cash used to purchase tablet device inventory. The net cash provided by operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 was primarily a result of cash provided from an increase in accounts payable between periods.
Cash Flows From Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was ($1,823,500), which was primarily attributable to costs to complete capital project. Net cash used in investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 was ($1,520,451), which was primarily attributable to costs to complete capital project.
Cash Flows From Financing Activities
We experienced positive cash flows from financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 in the amount of $2,924,890 primarily related to issuance of proceeds from a related party note payable. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019 we experienced positive cash flows from financing activities in the amount of $1,350,000 primarily related to issuance of proceeds from preferred stock and proceeds from a related party note payable.
Summary of Cash Flows for the Year Ended December 31, 2019 Compared With Year Ended December 31, 2018
Cash Flows From Operating Activities
We experienced positive (negative) cash flows from operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2019 and for the year ended December 31, 2018 in the amounts of $206,758 and $(89,186), respectively. The net cash used in operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2019 was primarily a result of cash provided by a decrease in prepaid assets. The net cash used in operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2018 was primarily a result of cash used to purchase prepaid assets.
Cash Flows From Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2019 was ($2,217,294), which was primarily attributable to costs to complete capital project. Net cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2018 was ($1,120,728), which was primarily attributable to costs to complete capital project.
Cash Flows From Financing Activities
We experienced positive cash flows from financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2019 in the amount of $1,759,090 primarily related to issuance of proceeds from sale of preferred stock and related party note payable. For the year ended December 31, 2018 we experienced positive cash flows from financing activities in the amount of $1,500,250 primarily related to issuance of preferred stock.
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Overview
We provide solutions that bring transparency and accountability to the digital out of home, or “DOOH,” advertising marketplace. Alfi uses artificial intelligence and big data analytics to measure and predict human response. Our computer vision technology is powered by proprietary artificial intelligence, to determine the age, gender, ethnicity, geolocation and emotion of someone in front of an Alfi-enabled device, such as a tablet or kiosk. Alfi can then deliver in real-time, the advertisements to that particular viewer based on the viewer’s demographic and psychographic profile. Alfi delivers the right content, to the right person at the right time in a responsible and ethical manner. By delivering advertisements a viewer wants, we deliver our advertising customers the viewers they want and the result is higher click through rates, or CTRs and higher CPM, cost per thousand, rates.
Alfi solves the problems facing advertisers in the DOOH marketplace, as its proprietary technology is able to determine that when an advertisement was displayed, there was someone in front of the screen, as well as the basic demographic and psychographic characteristics of the viewer, such as age, gender, ethnicity and mood. Our computer vision technology allows Alfi to determine how a viewer interacted with the advertisement, and their emotion in seeing the advertisement, even if the viewer did not actually click through to the advertiser’s website for additional information. Our data rich reporting functionality informs the advertiser that someone viewed their ad, how many people viewed the ad, as well as each viewer’s reaction to the ad. Alfi gives large and small business access to data-driven insights by expanding advertising capabilities, analytical sophistication and delivering it all seamlessly over multiple devices. For instance, if a clothing brand wants to advertise to a 25 year old female, when our artificial intelligence detects a person who fits that demographic, the advertisement will be served in real-time to the appropriate target viewer. Alfi continues to learn and improve by refining the advertisements seen by viewers with each successive interaction on any Alfi-enabled device. The more data it processes, the better the accuracy and predictive value Alfi achieves.
Alfi has created an enterprise grade, multimedia computer vision and machine learning platform, generating powerful advertising recommendations and insights. Multiple technologies work together in Alfi with viewer privacy and reporting objectives as our two goals. Alfi uses a facial fingerprinting process to make demographic determinations. As such, Alfi makes no attempt to identify the individual in front of the screen. Brand owners don’t need to know your name and invade your privacy to gain a deeper understanding of the consumers who view their content. By providing age, gender, ethnicity and geolocation information, brand owners have all of the data they need for meaningful interaction. The artificial intelligence and machine learning components of Alfi also gather retina tracking data, keyword recognition and voice intonation without compromising the privacy of the end-user. From an analytics perspective, these data points give meaningful reporting instead of arbitrary calculations of ad engagement.
Alfi solves the problem of providing real time, accurate and rich reporting on customer demographics, usage, interactivity and engagement while never storing any personal identifiable information. No viewer is ever required, or requested by us, to enter any information about themselves on any Alfi-enabled device. Alfi was designed to be fully compliant with all privacy regulations. Alfi is fully compliant with the General Data Protection Regulation, in Europe, California Consumer Privacy Act, and the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act.
Our initial focus is to place our Alfi-enabled devices in rideshares and airports. According to Harvard Business School study published in February 2018, Americans are estimated to have spent more than 37 billion hours waiting. Alfi has been beta testing Alfi-enabled devices in these locations to determine market receptivity to smart screens. From our testing, Alfi has been able to achieve CTRs, of between 6% and 9%, but believes it could achieve CTRs exceeding 15% as Alfi-enabled devices are deployed more widely. By comparison, according to Acquiso in 2018, the average CTR for a display banner ad was less than 1%.
Since creating our platform, we have performed more than 12 separate pilots deploying over 1,000 devices, with a duration up to 52 weeks achieving a range of CTRs in excess of 15%. We achieved CTRs in excess of 15% in our case studies by varying certain times of the day and types of content. For example, in one hotel trial, we achieved CTRs ranging from 13.7% to 16.1% for specific ads during a rolling two-hour test window for seven days (168 hours). These performance results demonstrate our ability to apply time-of-day ad presentation factors, which widens the peaks of CTR activity, and demonstrates more fully the power of Alfi’s ad recommendation system. Moreover, as CTR increase with specific ad types, Alfi’s algorithms will automatically select ads to present that achieve increase CTRs. Overall, we believe that Alfi’s CTRs performance can increase, based on a number of factors, which can achieve CTRs in excess of 15% continuously by:
• Using relevant up-to-date content from paying advertisers, the content will be more relevant and look aesthetically pleasing to the eye.
• Applying a diverse library of content assets that Alfi will display to the relevant viewer more appealing ads based on our recommendation engine.
• Incentivizing advertisers to make their content engaging and attractive through gamifying pricing and other inspirational activities currently used on the web by ad providers like Facebook.
• Continuously improving Alfi’s cutting-edge recommendation presentation because the system automatically collects user responses and modifies what the view sees accordingly.
• Adding to the suite of Alfi’s machine learning modules triggers that provide the users the ability to apply refined demographics and other identified factors, such as time of day, location, eye focus, etc., to effectively improve Alfi’s ad delivery and recommendation system.
Moreover, our pilots demonstrate that increased performance is realized with increased content, time, devices, clients and system feedback as it pertains to each specific devise depending on its inventory of ads available to present.
We anticipate generating revenue from our Alfi-enabled devices not later than the second quarter of 2021. Currently, we intend to charge customers solely based on a CPM, or ads delivered, model. As we continue to prove Alfi in the market, we expect to charge customers based on a combination of CPM and CTR, and that we will generate higher CPM rates than typical DOOH advertising platforms because we will only deliver ads to the customer’s desired demographic. In addition, we will provide the aggregated data to the brands so they can make more informed advertising decisions.
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Advertising Industry Background
According to eMarketer, the DOOH and digital internet marketplace was a $373 billion market in 2019. OpenPR estimates that global outdoor advertising is projected to grow to $55.32 billion in 2025, a compound annual growth rate of 4.75%. In other markets, customers have become accustomed to real time digital engagement by advertisers. However, in the DOOH marketplace advertisers could not effectively meet their customers desires, and did not know how to reach them efficiently.
In online advertising, the most common way for advertisers to learn more about their customer was through the use of “cookies”. The tracking cookie, built into nearly every website and digital advertising medium was designed to provide a way to capture personal data about customers and their behaviors. Depending on the sophistication and the data solicited, and advertiser could learn a lot about its potential customers. The data derived has been used in targeting and retargeting ads, behavioral marketing tactics and display advertising strategies. Cookies are the reason the ads you see as you look at websites on your phone, tablet or computer seem targeted to you.
The data cookies gather was intrusive, and people have come to distrust cookies. Smart technologies and apps have been developed to allow consumers to block cookies and many have done so. This has forced advertisers to look for new ways to track consumer behavior without invading a consumer’s privacy. In addition, even when fully deployed, cookies have limited capabilities in terms of the reach they have in predicting human behavior so they were not as useful as advertisers would like.
While cookies have limited utility in the digital advertising market, they have no utility in the DOOH marketplace. A cookie may track a user of a device, such as a tablet or kiosk, but if that device is shared by multiple people, the marketer learns nothing about the behavior of any individual customer or group of customers. In fact, it may get completely contradictory data as people of different ages, genders or ethnicity use the device. Generally, in the DOOH advertising market, the best an advertiser would get is the location of their ad and a general breakdown of the people that were in that area over time, such as a mall or an airport, but would not get any information on who might have actually seen their ad, for how long or the breakdown of the people in the area when the ad was displayed. This means that a great deal of their advertising budget was wasted reaching the wrong person or nobody at all. In addition, the digital advertising market experiences extensive fraud, with both Forrester Research and Juniper Research forecasting that advertisers in 2019 lost $42 billion due to fraud. Digital advertising fraud occurs when an ad is displayed on either a fake website or to a ‘bot’ in an effort to inflate web traffic numbers, rather than on a legitimate web site viewed by a human being.
Data is important to advertisers. Advertisers recognize that they need to make their decisions based on more comprehensive and accurate data to improve the efficiency of their advertising dollars. Currently, advertisers cannot get that data because it does not exist . According to studies published by Ascend2 and Research Partners in 2018, the most important data-driven marketing objectives cited by marketing professionals included:
· | Basing more decisions on data analysis (51%) |
· | Integrating data across platforms (43%) |
· | Enriching data quality and completeness (37%) |
· | Attributing sales revenue to marketing (33%) |
· | Segmenting target markets (34%) |
According to a survey by Forbes, 88% of marketers, use data obtained by third parties to enhance their understanding of each customer. In the same study, 66% of marketing data is used to better focus on targeting offers, messages and content. By providing better and deeper data, and delivering advertisements to the desired demographic, Alfi solves both problems facing advertisers in the DOOH and digital advertising marketplace without invading the privacy of the person viewing the ad.
Our Strategy
Alfi solves the problems facing advertisers in the DOOH marketplace, as its proprietary technology is able to determine that when an advertisement was displayed, there was someone in front of the screen, as well as the basic demographic and psychographic characteristics of the viewer, such as age, gender, ethnicity and mood. Our computer vision technology allows Alfi to determine how a viewer interacted with the advertisement, and their emotion in seeing the advertisement, even if the viewer did not actually click through to the advertiser’s website for additional information. Our data rich reporting functionality informs the advertiser that someone viewed their ad, how many people viewed the ad, as well as each viewer’s reaction to the ad. This is the data advertisers need to make informed decisions. In addition to providing a new type of data to the DOOH marketplace, by telling advertisers who their ads were viewed by, they know their ad dollars were not wasted, bringing accountability and transparency to the DOOH marketplace.
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The main elements of our growth strategy are:
· | Increase distribution to increase revenue. We began delivering our Alfi-enabled tablets and kiosks in July 2020. As we place more devices in areas where people wait, we will deliver more ads and derive more revenues. |
· | Continue technological innovation. The enhancements we continue to make to Alfi will allow us to improve the viewer experience and to deliver better data to our advertiser-customers, while we remain focused on protecting viewer privacy. |
· | Diversify revenue streams. As Alfi gathers more data, we intend to sell that data to advertisers that do not use the Alfi platform, which will attract additional advertisers as well as generating additional advertising revenue. In addition, we intend to enter into joint venture agreements with store-based brands to provide Ali-enabled devices in their stores to enhance their customer’s experience. |
· | License Alfi to other DOOH platform providers. Alfi is a robust, hosted software platform that we intend to make it available on a software as a service, or SaaS basis to other DOOH advertising providers. |
· | Pursue potential acquisitions. We will look to acquire additional technologies that will improve Alfi or companies that allow us to increase our market penetration with strategic “launch pads” that have legacy infrastructure incapable of being as intelligent and interactive as Alfi or offer additional products or services to our customers. |
Our Products and Services
Alfi can be installed on any internet enabled device that contains a camera. We have a patented tablet specifically designed for Alfi that enables a user to charge their cell phone or other devices while they use our tablet. Each group of tablets comes with a specially designed charging station that holds multiple of our tablets. The tablets are available for free where people find themselves waiting. While we plan on eventually making our tablets available in a variety of locations such as hotels, hospitals, transport hubs, restaurants and museums, we have initially targeted airports and taxis and rideshares as our first two points of distribution. Our tablets, as part of the data we collect, use geolocation so we are able to track and disable our tablets should a user attempt to steal one of our tablets. The COVID-19 pandemic caused us to delay our roll-out of our devices as we had to reengineer our tablets for touchless screens. We have the right to acquire 7,600 of our tablets from one of our stockholders, who acquired them on our behalf, and we began rolling them out in January 2021 with the proceeds of the Bridge Loan.
Similarly, we have designed kiosks, similar to those users are accustomed to in airports and malls. We have begun distributing these kiosks as well, and are developing methods for reconfiguring existing kiosks to contain our camera and internet accessibility.
Both our patented tablet and our Alfi-enabled kiosks contain our computer vision technology powered by proprietary artificial intelligence that determines the age, gender, ethnicity, geolocation and emotion of someone in front of an Alfi-enabled device. Alfi can then deliver in real-time, the advertisements to that particular viewer based on the viewer’s demographic and psychographic profile. Our computer vision technology allows Alfi to determine how a viewer interacted with the advertisement, and their emotion in seeing the advertisement, even if the viewer did not actually click through to the advertiser’s website for additional information. Alfi delivers the right content, to the right person at the right time in a responsible and ethical manner.
Alfi gives large and small business access to data-driven insights by expanding advertising capabilities, analytical sophistication and delivering it all seamlessly over multiple devices. For instance, if a clothing brand wants to advertise to a 25 year old female, when our AI detects a person who fits that demographic, the advertisement will be served. Alfi does this in real-time, delivering the right content to the right person. Alfi continues to learn and improve by refining the advertisements seen by viewers with each successive interaction on any Alfi-enabled device. The more data it processes, the better the accuracy and predictive value Alfi achieves.
39
Alfi is an enterprise grade, multimedia state-of-the-art computer vision and machine learning platform, generating powerful advertising recommendations and insights. Multiple technologies work together in Alfi with viewer privacy and reporting objectives as our two goals. Alfi uses a facial fingerprinting process to make demographic determinations. As such, Alfi makes no attempt to identify the individual in front of the screen. Brand owners don’t need to know your name and invade your privacy to gain a deeper understanding of the consumers who view their content. By providing age, gender, ethnicity and geolocation information, brand owners have all of the data they need for meaningful interaction. The artificial intelligence and machine learning components of Alfi also gather retina tracking data, keyword recognition and voice intonation without compromising the privacy of the end-user. From an analytics perspective, these data points give meaningful reporting instead of arbitrary calculations of ad engagement
Marketing Strategy
We use channel partners to distribute and maintain our Alfi-enabled tablets and kiosks in a variety of locations including but not limited to airports, taxi and rideshares, hotels, hospitals, transport hubs, restaurants, and museums. We anticipate entering into revenue sharing agreements with the entities that provide distribution and maintenance of our tablets.
We sell advertising content for Alfi through a variety of methods. We believe we offer advertisers a true value proposition because they will know that their ad is being viewed by someone in their targeted demographic, when and where they viewed it and their reaction to it. We believe this will allow us to charge premium CPM rates compared with other DOOH or digital advertising platforms as well as realizing additional revenue by charging for CTRs.
We also intend to license Alfi to other DOOH providers on a subscription basis. In addition to the subscription license fees, we will capture additional data that will both improve the accuracy of Alfi, but give us more detailed demographic information that we will be able to make available to advertisers. We believe there are other uses for Alfi outside of advertising, and we will also license Alfi for other uses.
In addition to advertising and license revenue, we will provide aggregated data to advertisers on a subscription of one time basis, as they desire, to track a particular campaign or to provide them better information on their customer preferences. For instance, we will know whether an ad that the advertiser believes is targeting the 20-29 age demographic is generating a better response in a totally different age demographic. This will allow advertisers to better target their advertisements and purchase their advertising spots more specifically than is currently possible. This will make them more efficient, and allow them to increase their reach while spending less. We can reduce waste and fraud in the advertising market.
Our Technology
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We used a combination of proprietary software on open source tools to develop Alfi. All of our software is cloud-based so Alfi is able to deliver advertisements in real-time across multiple devices anywhere in the world. Our ability to geolocate our devices allows us to deliver both highly localized advertisements, such as a local restaurant for someone heading into that neighborhood in a rideshare, as well as global advertisements for the biggest brands in the world.
Lenovo is currently the manufacturer of our patented Alfi-enabled tablets.
Our Intellectual Property
Patent and Trademarks
We believe that our intellectual property rights are important to our business. We rely on a combination of patents, trademarks, service marks, copyrights, trade secrets, confidentiality procedures and contractual provisions to protect our proprietary technology and other intellectual property. We have registered, and applied for the registration of, U.S. and international trademarks, service marks, domain names and copyrights. We have been granted one patent, on our Alfi-enabled tablet, and also filed patent applications in the U.S. and foreign countries covering both our tablet and certain other aspects of our technology.
Trademarks
Effective on January 31, 2020, the Company’s, predecessor, Lectrefy, Inc, assigned three primary Marks to ALFI, Inc. which are as follows:
(i) | Company logo |
41
(ii) | Company Tag Line |
and (iii) the Company Logo with the Company Tag Line
The current status trademark summary of the Company’s Marks as of 05-31-2020, are as follows.
Mark |
App No. Ap. Date |
Reg. No. Reg. Date |
Status / Comments / Next Deadline |
ALFI |
88/176,933
10/31/2018 |
Allowed
Allowed on 07/30/2019
Statement of Use or 2nd Ext Due: 07/30/2020 |
|
ALFI |
88/402,949
4/25/2019 |
Pending
Response to OA due: 07/24/2020 |
|
88/430,265
5/14/2019 |
Pending
Response to OA due: 07/24/2020 |
||
LIVE WHILE YOU WAIT |
88/430,287
5/14/2019 |
Pending
Allowed on 04/14/2020
Statement of Use or 1st Ext. Due: 10/14/2020 |
On July 9, 2020, the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (“PTO”) in response to the Company’s application for a stylized depiction of the letter A (Classes 9 and 42) assigned the serial number 90044989 (see Mark below).
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Foreign Trademark Filings: Owned by Lectrefy Inc.
Mark KMOB Ref. No. |
Country |
App No. Ap. Date |
Reg. No. Reg. Date |
Status / Comments / Next Deadline |
ALFI | Canada |
1959799
04/29/2019 |
Pending:
Request for EOT to Respond to Office Action files: 03/11/2020 |
|
1995351 | Pending | |||
ALFI | China |
37903043
04/30/2019 |
Published: on 02/27/2020 |
|
42970149
12/10/2019 |
Pending | |||
42954031
12/10/2019 |
Pending | |||
ALFI | European Union |
18057536
04/29/2019 |
Pending: Opposed |
|
18152037
11/12/2019 |
Pending: Opposed |
|||
ALFI | Mexico |
2282823
10/25/2019 |
Pending | |
ALFI |
2282424
10/25/2019 |
Pending | ||
2295477
11/22/2019 |
Pending | |||
2295478
11/22/2019 |
Pending | |||
ALFI | United Kingdom |
UK0 000 33 959 50
04/29/2019 |
UK0 000 33 959 50
10/25/2019 |
Registered
Renewal Due: 04/30/2029 |
UK0 000 344 3454
11/12/2019 |
UK0 000 344 3454
03/13/2020 |
Registered
Renewal Due: 11/12/2029 |
Patent Enforcement Litigation
As of September 30, 2020, we were not involved in any active patent enforcement litigation.
Privacy Regulation and Compliance
Multiple technologies work together in Alfi with viewer privacy and reporting objectives as our two goals. Alfi uses a facial fingerprinting process to make demographic determinations. As such, Alfi makes no attempt to identify the individual in front of the screen. However, Alfi does recognize you so that if you reappear in front of another Alfi-enabled device in the future, it will remember your prior choices and preferences. Brand owners don’t need to know your name and invade your privacy to gain a deeper understanding of the consumers who view their content. By providing age, gender, ethnicity and geolocation information, brand owners have all of the data they need for meaningful interaction. The artificial intelligence and machine learning components of Alfi also gather retina tracking data, keyword recognition and voice intonation without compromising the privacy of the end-user. From an analytics perspective, these data points give meaningful reporting instead of arbitrary calculations of ad engagement.
Alfi solves the problem of providing real time, accurate and rich reporting on customer demographics, usage, interactivity and engagement while never storing any personal identifiable information. No viewer is ever required, or requested by us, to enter any information about themselves on any Alfi-enabled device. Alfi was designed to be fully compliant with all privacy regulations. Alfi is fully compliant with the General Data Protection Regulation, or GDPR, in Europe, California Consumer Privacy Act, and the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act.
The GDPR is a comprehensive data privacy law intended to protect fundamental rights and freedoms of natural persons related to their personal data. The GDPR applies to the processing of personal data wholly or partly by automated means and to the processing other than by automated means of personal data which form part of a filing system or are intended to form part of a filing system. Personal data is defined as any information relating to an identified or identifiable natural person data subject; an identifiable natural person is one who can be identified, directly or indirectly, in particular by reference to an identifier such as a name, an identification number, location data, an online identifier or to one or more factors specific to the physical, physiological, genetic, mental, economic, cultural or social identity of that natural person. The legal requirements of the GDPR, however, do not apply if the personal data is not processed. ALFI was specifically designed to comply with the most stringent privacy standard of the GDPR. All of ALFI’s capture data systems anonymize incoming data, making the system incapable of identifying a specific person or processing any of their personal data.
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ALFI’s data analysis and storage systems prevent violations and hacking through a complex system of protections and maintain privacy compliance as follows:
· | ALFI’s data systems convert a camera’s image of a; taxi passenger’s face, into an anonymous vector map for analysis. |
· | ALFI does transmit images of the passengers’ faces or connect it to any personally identifying information. |
· | The ALFI matrix of conversions from camera image to the anonymous vector map occurs securely within the systems internal artificial intelligence network. |
· | ALFI stores information regarding the anonymous vector maps as aggregated data entries in a large, compounding database that is secured by technical and organizational measures to ensure a high level of security. |
· | Additionally, all database entries in the compounding database do not correspond to a single person, and instead represent cumulative characteristics of people aggregated together. |
· | ALFI’s data in the systems cannot be de-aggregated or reverse engineered from that aggregated group back to an individual level, due to block-chain based security measures. |
· | ALFI’s doesn’t collect or store any personal data, such as names, email addresses, or phone numbers within its systems. |
We continually monitor evolving privacy standards to make sure Alfi is compliant with the most stringent standards that could apply to our data.
Competition
The digital video advertising market is intensely competitive, with many companies providing competing solutions. We will compete with Google (YouTube and DoubleClick), The Trade Desk and Facebook as well as many ad exchanges, demand-side platforms for advertisers and ad networks. We also face competition from direct response (search-based) advertisers who seek to target brands. Many of our competitors are significantly larger than we are and have more capital to invest in their businesses. Our competitors may establish or strengthen cooperative relationships with advertisers, or other parties, which limit our ability to promote our solutions and generate revenue. For example, advertiser customers that adopt demand-side advertiser platforms disrupt our direct customer relationship with those customers. Competitors could also seek to gain market share by reducing the prices they charge to publishers or advertisers, introducing products and solutions that are similar to ours or introducing new technology tools for advertisers and digital media properties. Moreover, increased competition for video advertising inventory from digital media properties could result in an increase in the portion of advertiser revenue that we must pay to digital media property owners to acquire that advertising inventory.
Some large advertising agencies that represent advertising customers have their own relationships with digital media properties and can directly connect advertisers with digital media properties. Our business will suffer to the extent that our advertisers and digital media properties purchase and sell advertising inventory directly from one another or through other companies that act as intermediaries between advertisers and digital media properties. Other companies that offer analytics, mediation, ad exchange or other third-party solutions have or may become intermediaries between advertisers and digital media properties and thereby compete with us. Any of these developments would make it more difficult for us to sell our solutions and could result in increased pricing pressure, reduced profit margins, increased sales and marketing expenses or the loss of market share.
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Our Team
We are a development stage company and currently have approximately ten employees and consultants, of whom are technical developers of Alfi and are sales and marketing focused. We have been able to locate and engage highly qualified employees as needed and do not expect our growth efforts to be constrained by a lack of qualified personnel. We consider our relations with our employees and consultants to be good.
Our Offices
Our principal executive offices are located at 429 Lenox Avenue, Suite 547 Miami Beach, Florida, 33139 U.S.A. and our research and development facilities are located at 5th Floor, City Exchange Building 11-13 Gloucester Street Belfast, BT14GB. We lease both of these locations under operating leases, and our rent expense totaled approximately $100,000 in 2019.
We believe our current premises are sufficient for our needs at this time.
Legal
We are not currently a party to any legal proceedings.
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Our directors and officers currently serving our company is as follows:
Executive Officers | Age | Position | ||
Paul Antonio Pereira | 59 | President, CEO and Chairman | ||
Dennis McIntosh | 65 | Chief Financial Officer | ||
John M. Cook, II | 51 | Chief Business Development Officer, Secretary, Treasurer and Director | ||
Charles Raglan Pereira | 30 | Chief Technology Officer | ||
Non-Employee Directors | ||||
Peter Bordes | 58 | Director | ||
Jim Lee | 61 | Director | ||
Justin Elkouri | 38 | Director | ||
Allison Ficken (1)(2)(3) | 60 | Director | ||
Frank Smith (1)(2)(3) | 54 | Director | ||
Richard Mowser (1)(2)(3) | 62 | Director |
(1) Member of the Audit Committee
(2) Member of the Compensation Committee
(3) Member of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee
Executive Officers
Paul Pereira, DBA. Dr. Paul Antonio Pereira has served as our Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer since April 2018. Dr. Pereira has over 30 years’ experience in technology, telecommunications, transportation, manufacturing and biotechnology. Dr. Pereira has led successful business initiatives across the United States and overseas, including founding the first ISP in the Caribbean leading to the deregulation of the Cable and Wireless 40-year-old telecom monopoly and simultaneously opening up the markets for major call centers in multiple Caribbean islands. Dr. Pereira led the turnaround and restructuring for the Palestinian Telecommunication Company (PALTEL) and also served as a founding director of Vtel, a multibillion telecommunications company based in Dubai and Amman Jordan, and successfully lead multiple acquisitions in the MENA region.
From 2010 through March 2016, Dr. Pereira was the Chief Executive Officer at Alton Consulting Group, where he reengineered multiple firms to a renewable and sustainable transition for the new Bio Economy. From August 2013 to November 2015, Dr. Pereira also served as the Chief Executive Officer and Executive Chairman of MHG (Danimer Scientific) where he spearheaded a turnaround from bankruptcy to a multi-million buyout offer in two years which eventually ended up with a SPAC acquisition on NYSE (DNMR) in December 2020 at an enterprise valuation of $890 million. From July 2016 to July 2017, Dr. Pereira served as Chief Executive Officer of Uniwell Labs where he developed and directed strategy for Chapter 11 reorganization with a successful exit six months later. Dr. Pereira has also served as a professor from September 2014 teaching the graduate level business courses at ISEG Business and Finance school in Paris, France.
Dr. Pereira graduated with an Ontario Scholarship in 1978 from Ridley College and studied Chemistry at McGill University in Canada (Sept 1978 to June 1981), and further studied Mechanical Engineering at Texas Agricultural and Mechanical University in the United States in 1984. Dr. Pereira earned a Doctorate of Business Administration (DBA) in August 2014 from the International School of Management Paris and St. John's University, New York.
We believe Dr. Pereira’s vast and varied business experience qualifies him to serve on our Board of Directors.
Dennis McIntosh, MBA/CPA, Mr. McIntosh has served as our Chief Financial Officer since October 2020. Mr. McIntosh has years of experience in both private and public companies in a various range of industry groups. Mr. McIntosh has led multiple start-up companies through successful sales of the companies and has led the due diligence on 25+ acquisitions/divestures representing $1.9 billion in investor funds and is proficient in accounting, finance, and treasury and cash forecasting (designed/implemented several companywide multi-national cash forecasting processes). In the investment management industry, Mr. McIntosh directed the conversion of $700 million in home loans into a public traded portfolio, thus reducing the portfolio risk and achieving the targeted asset to liabilities match and serves as a board of director member on several companies.
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Since 2019, Mr. McIntosh has served as the managing partner at Prosperity Partners Consultancy, LLC where he advises companies on a range of growth strategies, including preparing companies for sale or acquisition integration. From 2015 to 2019, Mr. McIntosh served as a partner at B2B CFO Partners, LLC where he also served clients by solving capital issues. From 2014 to 2015, Mr. McIntosh served as the Chief Financial Officer of Success Academy Charter Schools Inc. where he instituted a variety of financial infrastructure, provided financial guidance, and served on the executive team which resulted in launch of 39 new schools, increasing revenue from $80 million to $300 million and students from 6,000 to 15,000.
Mr. McIntosh earned his Bachelor of Art degree with honors from Andrews University in 1977. Mr. McIntosh earned his Masters in Business Administration from the University of Connecticut in 1981. Mr. McIntosh, in addition to being a CPA, is certified in International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), Not for Profit accounting (NFP), and is a Chartered Global Management Accountant (CGMA).
John M. Cook, II, Mr. Cook has served as our Chief Business Development Officer since October 2020. Prior to that, Mr. Cook served as our Chief Financial Officer from April 2018 until October 2020. Mr. Cook is a Wall Street veteran with over 24 years of experience and expertise in Investment Banking, Capital Markets, and Commercial banking both domestic and abroad.
From July 2005 to March 2018 Mr. Cook served as Senior Portfolio Manager for a Private Family Office with a primary investment focus on U.S. Capital Markets. Prior to that, Mr. Cook served as an Investment Banker and Financial Consultant gaining vast experience in the Investment Banking and Capital Markets space with respect to publicly traded companies and his keen understanding of the financial markets.
Mr. Cook attended Five Towns College.
On September 3, 2002, the SEC Admin Release 34-46447, issued a release in reference to Mr. Cook. On December 12, 2001, the Commission filed a complaint in the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida Case No. 01-7874 (S.D. Fla.), alleging, among other things, that Mr. Cook violated the registration, antifraud, and broker-dealer registration provisions of the federal securities laws by selling unregistered securities and by offering and selling the securities in exchange for sales commissions without the knowledge or approval of the registered broker-dealers which he was associated with and by continuing to offer and sell the securities when he was no longer associated with the registered broker-dealer. On March 27, 2002, a final judgment permanently enjoined Mr. Cook from violating sections 5(a), 5(c), and 17(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 and Sections 10(b) and 15(a) of the Exchange Act and Rule 10b-5 thereunder. Mr. Cook consented to the entry of the Final Judgment without admitting or denying the allegations contained in the Commission’s report.
Mr. Cook will be resigning from the Board of Directors effective upon completion of this offering.
Charles Raglan Pereira, Mr. Pereira has served as our Chief Technology Officer since April 2018. Mr. Pereira oversees multiple engineering and coding resources for the Company, including our Belfast office team. Mr. Pereira initiated the design, development and launch of Alfi’s machine learning and deep learning models. Mr. Pereira has also worked with MIT’s laboratory of manufacturing productivity for the purpose of implementation of an innovative enterprise resource planning software, utilizing RFID in a garment manufacturing process.
Mr. Pereira earned his Bachelor of Science in Business Administration in 2016 from the University of Miami. Charles attended Udacity University from January 2017 to August 2017 and completed a Nano Degree in Artificial Intelligence specializing in computer vision.
Directors
Peter Bordes is a lifelong entrepreneur with a 30+ year career as a founder, CEO, investor and Board Member in private and public companies focused in media, ad tech, technology, finance and venture investing focused on disruptive innovation.
Since March 2012,Mr. Bordes has been a managing partner at Trajectory Capital, investing in disruptive innovation driving global transformation from Seed thru IPO. From May 2019 to October 2020, Mr. Bordes was CEO of Kubient, a cloud advertising platform with artificial intelligence ad fraud prevention, that he led from private to IPO on the NASDAQ:KBNT, and currently sits on the Kubient’s Board of Directors.
Mr. Bordes serves on the Board of Directors of Beasley Media (NASDAQ: BBGI), fraud.net, Hoo.be and as Vice Chairman of Ocearch. He is a co-founder and serves on the Board of Directors of TruVest, and MainBloq.
Prior to forming Trajectory Capital, Mr. Bordes was a co-founder, CEO, and Chairman of MediaTrust, an RTB performance marketing ad exchange, which was the ninth fastest growing company in the United States under his leadership. During his tenure in the performance marketing industry he was a founding member and Chairman of the PMA Performance Marketing Association.
Before founding MediaTrust Mr. Bordes was a managing partner of Mason Cabot an early stage tech investment bank.
Mr. Bordes was ranked in the top 100 most influential angel investors and business leaders in the United States on social media and is a member of the Thiel Foundation 20 Under 20 Mentor Program. He is a member of the Board of Trustees of the Brooklyn Music School. Mr. Bordes earned his bachelor’s degree in Communication, Business and Media Studies from New England College.
We believe Mr. Bordes vast experience with technology companies and in helping guide them through multiple stages of growth, as well as his experience as a public company director qualifies him to serve on our Board of Directors.
Justin Elkouri, is an experienced industry executive who brings a wide range of knowledge and expertise to businesses across several platforms and industry sectors.
Mr. Elkouri has served as the Chief Legal Officer for David Murfin and Murfin, Inc. in Wichita, Kansas since 2013. At Murfin, Inc., Mr. Elkouri has led various business transactions around the world—including transactions related to the following: Lee Aerospace in Wichita, Kansas, Air Capital Flight Line’s acquisition and re-development of the legacy Boeing Facility, operating the first Pizza Hut franchisees in Lusaka, Zambia and Kampala, Uganda, the construction and management of Mushandi berry farm in Zimbabwe, and the development of Wichita State University's Innovation Campus.
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Mr. Elkouri also serves on the boards of Executive Airshare, LLC and Air Capital Filtration, LLC. Mr. Elkouris also serves on the boards of several charitable, educational and not-for-profit groups, including the Sedgwick County Zoo Foundation.
Mr. Elkouri received his Bachelor of Science in Business Administration from the University of Kansas in 2005. Mr. Elkouri received his Juris Doctorate from the University of Kansas School of Law in 2008, and his Masters of Law in Taxation from New York University in 2009.
Mr. Elkouri will be resigning from the Board of Directors effective upon completion of this offering.
Jim Lee, is a Wall Street veteran with more than 25 years of experience in all aspects of the banking and finance industry spectrum. Mr. Lee has been the founder, President and Chief Executive Officer of Lee Aerospace, Inc., a transparency manufacturer for the aerospace industry since 1987. Mr. Lee has diversified Lee Aerospace to include the manufacturing of full-fuselage builds, and complex composite parts, details, and assemblies. In addition, Lee Aerospace has expanded its position in the market through strategic investments and partnerships both inside and outside the aviation industry.
With a passion for aviation at an early age, Mr. Lee graduated from Spartan School of Aeronautics in 1979. In addition, as a multi-engine instrument pilot, he has accumulated over 5,000 hours.
We believe Mr. Lee’s experience growing and running a company qualifies him to serve on our Board of Directors.
Allison Ficken, has been a partner at the law firm of Dovin Ficken LLC since January 2015. Ms. Ficken practices primarily in the areas of commercial arbitration, securities litigation/arbitration, and business litigation.
Ms. Ficken earned her Bachelor of Science from Wake Forest University in 1981 with honors. Ms. Ficken earned her Juris Doctor, with honors, from the University of Georgia School of Law in 1981.
We believe Ms. Ficken’s knowledge of securities laws and business experience qualifies her to serve on our Board of Directors.
Frank Smith, is an attorney and has run his own law firm FMS Lawyer PL since 2010. Mr. Smith’s areas of practice include civil, administrative, and criminal litigation, as well as legal services related to contracts, corporate governance, compliance, insurance, employment and human resources issues, real estate, financing, mergers and acquisitions and the creation and protection of intellectual property. With over 27 years of legal experience, Mr. Smith has served as an attorney in Florida where he has helped clients resolve multi-year intra-family corporate governance disputes, successfully win millions of dollars for clients in breach of contract disputes, as well as general corporate counseling for his clients.
Mr. Smith earned his Bachelor of Arts from Franklin and Marshall College in 1988. Mr. Smith earned his Juris Doctor from Hofstra University School of Law in 1993.
We believe Mr. Smith’s experience in providing a broad range of legal services to businesses qualifies him to serve on our Board of Directors.
Richard Mowser, serves as our Audit Committee expert. Mr. Mowser is an experienced industry expert with over 30 years’ experience in the hospitality profession. Since May 2018, Mr. Mowser has served as a food and beverage consultant at Crown Point Beach Resort where he restructured and rebranded the restaurant resulting in increased revenue by 400% with second year improvement up 25% year on year. From May 2012 to May 2018, Mr. Mowser served as the Chief Executive Officer of Queen’s Park Cricket Club where he developed and executed a strategic business plan resulting in increased revenues of $17 million from 2012 to 2013 to $25 million in 2015 to 2016.
Mr. Mowser earned his undergraduate degree from Greshams School UK in 1977. Mr. Mowser is also an AAT level 1, graduating from London School of Accountancy in 1979 and served as an auditor with Deloitte and Touche for several years.
We believe that Mr. Mowser’s financial expertise qualifies him to serve on our Board of Directors.
Significant Employees and Consultants
Dr. Lorenzo Trojan, has worked with us since November 2019 as Machine Learning Lead Engineer and, since May 2020 he serves as our Director of Software Engineering.
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From June 2017 to October 2019 Dr. Trojan worked as Lead Artificial Intelligence Engineer at Axial3D, an exciting Belfast grown startup focused on delivering bespoke anatomical 3D printing services to the medical sector, where he shaped and drove forward the development efforts within the Machine Learning, Data Science and Cloud engineering. From April 2015 to May 2017 Dr Trojan worked as Senior Machine Learning Software Developer at Mintel, a global marketing intelligence company based in London. Dr Trojan was the second key hire for an ambitious project to streamline the large company operation by employing Machine Learning, Computer Vision and NLP techniques. From August 2013 to April 2015 Dr. Trojan worked as Lead Instrument Scientist at RoBAT, where he drove the redesign and implementation of the company lead products onboard instrumentation systems.
Dr. Trojan earned his Bachelor of Science in Physics in 2005 and a PhD in Plasma Physics and Nuclear Fusion in 2010 both from the University of Manchester.
Peter McCrystal, has worked at Alfi since October 2018 as Lead Machine Learning Engineer focusing on deep learning and computer vision through facial analytics and voice analytics. Mr. McCrystal leads the Machine Learning initiative for us and has built cutting edge Deep Learning models in facial recognition and age/gender estimation as well as utilizing General Adversarial networks for Style Transfer.
From June 2016 to November 2018 Mr. McCrystal worked at Prudential Financial focusing his work on the Data Science/Machine Learning field in life insurance. During this time, he built predictive models in customer retention/segmentation, underwriting risk models, lapsation models and fraud detection. Mr. McCrystal was part of the team that won DatSci Data Science Multinational Company of the Year 2016.
Mr. McCrystal earned his degree at Queen’s University Belfast in 2016 where he graduated with a First Class Honors Master of Science Degree in Mathematics and Statistics.
Ryan Kavanagh, Ph.D., has worked as a data scientist and senior backend engineer for us since October 2018, joining shortly after finishing his PhD program.
From September 2015 to September 2017 Dr. Kavanagh held a student teaching position within the QUB School of Physics, teaching both python programming and mathematics to students of all levels alongside his PhD studies. During this time Dr. Kavanagh also leveraged massively parallel computing to aid the UK Nuclear industry using machine learning as well as the Python and C programming languages to determine the properties of radioactive materials.
Dr. Kavanagh earned his MSci in chemistry in 2015 and his PhD in Physics in September 2018, both from Queens University Belfast.
Composition of Our Board of Directors
Paul Pereira serves as our Chief Executive Officer, President and Chairman. The roles of Chief Executive Officer, President and Chairman of our board of directors are currently performed by the same person because we do not have a policy regarding the separation of these roles, as our board of directors believes that it is in the best interests of the Company and our stockholders to make that determination from time to time based upon the position and direction of the Company and the membership of our board of directors.
Our board of directors has determined that our leadership structure is appropriate for the Company and our stockholders as it helps to ensure that the board of directors and management act with a common purpose and provides a single, clear chain of command to execute our strategic initiatives and business plans. In addition, our board of directors believes that a combined role of Chief Executive Officer, President and Chairman is better positioned to act as a bridge between management and our board of directors, facilitating the regular flow of information. Our board of directors also believes that it is advantageous to have a Chairman with an extensive history with and knowledge of our technology and industry (as is the case with our Chief Executive Officer and President, Paul Pereira).
Our board of directors serve annual terms and are elected at each annual meeting of the stockholders.
Director Independence
Applicable NASDAQ rules require a majority of a listed company’s board of directors to be comprised of independent directors within one (1) year of listing. In addition, NASDAQ rules require that, subject to specified exceptions, each member of a listed company’s audit, compensation and nominating and corporate governance committees be independent, and that audit committee members also satisfy independence criteria set forth in Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act.
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Our board of directors has undertaken a review of the independence of each director. Based on information provided by each director concerning his background, employment and affiliations, our board of directors has determined that three of our five directors or director nominees are independent, and do not have relationships that would interfere with the exercise of independent judgment in carrying out the responsibilities of a director and that each of these directors is “independent” as that term is defined under the listing standards of NASDAQ. In making such determination, our board of directors considered the relationships that each such non-employee director has with us and all other facts and circumstances that our board of directors deemed relevant in determining his or her independence, including the beneficial ownership of our capital stock by each non-employee director.
Committees of Our Board of Directors
Our board of directors has established an audit committee, a compensation committee, and a nominating and corporate governance committee. The compensation committee and nominating and corporate governance committee will begin service on January 1, 2021, or such earlier date as this offering be complete. The composition and responsibilities of each committee of our board of directors are described below. Members serve on these committees until their resignation or until otherwise determined by our board of directors. Our board of directors may establish other committees as it deems necessary or appropriate from time to time.
Although each committee is directly responsible for evaluating certain enumerated risks and overseeing the management of such risks, the entire board of directors is generally responsible for and is regularly informed through committee reports about such risks and any corresponding remediation efforts designed to mitigate such risks. This enables the board of directors and its committees to coordinate the risk oversight role.
Audit Committee
The members of our audit committee are Ms. Ficken, Mr. Smith and Mr. Mowser who chairs the audit committee. The audit committee’s main function is to oversee our accounting and financial reporting processes, internal systems of control, independent registered public accounting firm relationships and the audits of our financial statements. The committee’s responsibilities include, among other things:
· | approve and retain the independent auditors to conduct the annual audit of our financial statements; |
· | approve and retain the independent auditors to conduct the annual audit of our financial statements: |
· | a review the proposed scope and results of the audit; |
· | Review accounting and financial controls with the independent auditors and our financial and accounting staff; |
· | Review and approve transactions between us and our director, officer and affiliates; |
· | Recognize and prevent prohibited non-audit services; and |
· | Establish procedures for complaints received by us regarding accounting matters; and oversee internal audit functions, if any. |
All audit and non-audit services, other than de minimis non-audit services, to be provided to us by our independent registered public accounting firm must be approved in advance by our audit committee.
The audit committee operates under a written charter that will satisfy the applicable standards of the SEC and NASDAQ and which will be available on our website prior to the completion of this offering at www.getAlfi.com.
Compensation Committee
The members of our compensation committee are Mr. Smith, Mr. Mowser and Ms. Ficken who chairs the compensation committee. The primary purpose of our compensation committee is to discharge the responsibilities of our board of directors in overseeing our compensation policies, plans and programs and to review and determine the compensation to be paid to our executive officers, directors and other senior management, as appropriate. Specific responsibilities of our compensation committee include, among other things:
· | review and determine the compensation arrangements for management; |
· | establish and review general compensation policies with the objective to attract and retain superior talent, to reward individual performance and to achieve our financial goals; |
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· | administer our stock incentive and purchase plans; |
· | oversee the evaluation of the Board and management; and |
· | review the independence of any compensation advisers engaged by the compensation committee. |
Each member of our compensation committee is a non-employee director, as defined in Rule 16b-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act and an outside director, as defined pursuant to Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the “Code.”
With respect to director compensation, our compensation committee is responsible for reviewing the compensation paid to members of the board and recommending modifications to board compensation that the compensation committee determines are appropriate and advisable to the board for its approval from time to time. In this regard, the compensation committee may request that management report to the compensation committee periodically on the status of the board’s compensation in relation to other similarly situated companies. The compensation committee operates under a written charter that will satisfy the applicable standards of the SEC and NASDAQ and which will be available on our website prior to the completion of this offering at www.getALFI.com.
Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee
The members of our nominating committee are Ms. Ficken, Mr. Mowser and Mr. Smith who chairs the nominating committee. This committee’s responsibilities include, among other things:
· | identifying and evaluating candidates, including the nomination of incumbent directors for reelection and nominees recommended by stockholders, to serve on our board of directors; |
· | considering and making recommendations to our board of directors regarding the composition and chairmanship of the committees of our board of directors; |
· | developing and recommending to our board of director’s corporate governance principles, codes of conduct and compliance mechanisms; and |
· | overseeing periodic evaluations of the board of directors’ performance, including committees of the board of directors. |
When evaluating director candidates, the nominating and corporate governance committee may consider several factors, including relevant experience, independence, commitment, compatibility with the Chief Executive Officer and the board of directors’ culture, prominence and understanding of the Company’s business, as well as any other factors the corporate governance and nominating committee deems relevant at the time. The corporate governance and nominating committee makes a recommendation to the full board of directors as to any person it believes should be nominated by our board of directors, and our board of directors determines the nominees after considering the recommendation and report of the corporate governance and nominating committee.
Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation
In 2019 and 2020, we did not maintain a compensation committee. None of the members of our compensation committee is, or has at any time during the prior three years been, one of our officers or employees. None of our executive officers currently serves, or in the past fiscal year has served, as a member of the board of directors or compensation committee of any entity that has one or more executive officers serving on our board of directors or compensation committee.
Corporate Governance
We are committed to having sound corporate governance principles, which are essential to running our business efficiently and maintaining our integrity in the marketplace. We understand that corporate governance practices change and evolve over time, and we seek to adopt and use practices that we believe will be of value to our stockholders and will positively aid in the governance of the Company. To that end, we regularly review our corporate governance policies and practices and compare them to the practices of other peer institutions and public companies. We will continue to monitor emerging developments in corporate governance and enhance our policies and procedures when required or when our board determines that it would benefit our Company and our stockholders.
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Summary Compensation Table
The following table sets forth information concerning the compensation earned by our Named Executive Officers for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018.
Name and Principal Position | Year | Salary |
Stock
Awards (1) |
Nonequity
Incentive Plan Compensation (2) |
All Other
Compensation (3) |
Total | ||||||||||||||
Paul Antonio Pereira | 2020 | $ | 168,000 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 168,000 | |||||||||
Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer | 2019 | $ | 168,000 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 168,000 | |||||||||
2018 | $ | 168,000 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 168,000 | ||||||||||
Dennis McIntosh(4) | 2020 | $ | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | ||||||||||
Chief Financial Officer | 2019 | $ | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | - | |||||||||||
2018 | $ | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | - | ||||||||||||
John M. Cook, II | 2020 | $ | 168,000 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 168,000 | |||||||||
Chief Business Development Officer(5) | 2019 | $ | 168,000 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 168,000 | |||||||||
2018 | $ | 168,000 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 168,000 | ||||||||||
Charles Raglan Pereira | 2020 | $ | 152,000 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 144,000 | |||||||||
Chief Technology Officer | 2019 | $ | 144,000 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 144,000 | |||||||||
2018 | $ | 144,000 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 144,000 |
Name and Principal Position | Year | Salary |
Stock
Awards (1) |
Nonequity
Incentive Plan Compensation (2) |
All
Other
Compensation (3) |
Total | ||||||||||||||
Paul Antonio Pereira | 2019 | $ | 168,000 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 168,000 | |||||||||
Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer | 2018 | $ | 168,000 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 168,000 | |||||||||
Dennis McIntosh(4) | 2019 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | - | ||||||||||||
Chief Financial Officer | 2018 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | - | ||||||||||||
John M. Cook, II | 2019 | $ | 168,000 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 168,000 | |||||||||
Chief Business Development Officer(5) | 2018 | $ | 168,000 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 168,000 | |||||||||
Charles Raglan Pereira | 2019 | $ | 144,000 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 144,000 | |||||||||
Chief Technology Officer | 2018 | $ | 144,000 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 144,000 |
(1) | There were no stock awards awarded in 2019 or 2018. |
(2) | There were no bonuses awarded in 2019 or 2018. |
(3) | None of our Named Executive Officers received compensation beyond salary in 2019 and 2018. |
(4) | Mr. McIntosh was named our Chief Financial Officer in October 2020. |
(5) | Mr. Cook served as our Chief Financial Officer until October 2020. |
Employment Agreements
We intend to enter into employment agreement with each of our named executive officers prior to the effectiveness of this Registration Statement.
Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year End
Excluding options as part Employee Incentive Stock Plan, none of our Named Executive Officers had any unvested shares, nor any unvested shares or rights under any equity compensation plan on the last day of our fiscal year ended December 31, 2020.
Director Compensation
No obligations with respect to compensation for non-employee directors have been accrued or paid for any periods presented in this prospectus.
Going forward, our board of directors believes that attracting and retaining qualified non-employee directors will be critical to the future value growth and governance of our company. Our board of directors also believes that a significant portion of the total compensation package for our non-employee directors should be equity-based to align the interest of these directors with our stockholders. On the effective date of the offering, each of our director nominees will be granted options to purchase shares of common stock at a per share exercise price equal to the price of the shares of common stock in this offering. The options will vest over a three-year period of time.
Directors who are also our employees will not receive any additional compensation for their service on our board of directors.
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CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Other than the compensation agreements and other arrangements described under “Executive Compensation” and “Director Compensation” in this prospectus and the transactions described below, since January 1, 2018, there has not been and there is not currently proposed, any transaction or series of similar transactions to which we were, or will be, a party in which the amount involved exceeded, or will exceed, the lesser of (i) $120,000 or (ii) one percent of the average of our total assets for the last two completed fiscal years, and in which any director, executive officer, holder of five percent or more of any class of our capital stock or any member of the immediate family of, or entities affiliated with, any of the foregoing persons, had, or will have, a direct or indirect material interest.
Lee Aerospace, Inc.
Note
We currently have outstanding promissory notes to Lee Aerospace, a corporation controlled by one of our board members and one of our stockholders. The notes are in an aggregate principal amount of $2,500,000 and bear interest at the rate of 5.0% per year. The notes mature on the earlier of June 30, 2021 or the occurrence of certain events, including the closing of this offering. As of January 31, 2021, the amount outstanding on these notes, including accrued interest, was $2.62 million. The note is secured by a pledge of all our intellectual property and the pledge of shares by Paul Pereira our CEO and John Cook, our Director of Business Development.
Tablets
Pursuant to a Letter Agreement dated March 19, 2020, Lee Aerospace advanced on our behalf 7,600 tablets from Lenovo Group Limited on which we can install our Alfi software. We have the right to acquire those tablets from Lee Aerospace at any time, or from time to time, upon payment of a purchase price of $125 per tablet. To the extent we have not used proceeds from the bridge loan to acquire all of the tablets, we expect to purchase any remaining tablets with the proceeds of this offering.
Bridge Loan
On December 30, 2020, we entered into a bridge loan agreement with Lee Aerospace ($1,700,000), Paul Pereira ($250,000), our CEO, and Dennis McIntosh ($50,000), our CFO, in an amount not to exceed an aggregate of $2,000,000 and an amount not less than $1,000,000; provided that any advances in excess of $1,000,000 are at the discretion of the lenders. Amounts are to be advanced as requested by us, subject to the satisfaction of customary conditions, on a pro rata basis among the lenders. Amounts outstanding under the bridge loan bear interest at the rate of 18.0% per year. The note matures on the earlier of June 30, 2021 or the occurrence of certain events, including the closing of this offering. In addition, the lenders receive, on a pro rata basis, share of our common stock for each $2.00 advanced by the lenders (the “Lender Shares”). As of January 31, 2021, the amount outstanding on the bridge loan, including accrued interest was $2.02 million. In addition, the lenders received an aggregate of 1,260,023 shares of common stock.
The lender shares are subject to a one year lock-up following completion of this offering. Thereafter, subject to Rule 144, the lenders may sell up to 25% of their shares at one-time and thereafter such shares may only be sold if the selling price is at least 100% of the price per share in this offering and the number of shares sold in such sale , combined with any other sales by such lender, during a 30-day period, represents no more than 10% of the most recent 25-day average trading volume of the Company’s shares.
From the date such shares are issued to a lender, we have the right to acquire, with the lender’s consent and after compliance with securities laws, such shares at a purchase price of $3.175 per share.
In addition, the bridge loan agreement limits the ability of any lender to vote their shares if such shares, combined with other voting shares held by the lender would cause the lender to be able to vote more than 50% of the outstanding voting shares of the Company.
Indemnification Agreements
In connection with this offering, we intend to enter into new agreements to indemnify our directors and executive officers. These agreements will, among other things, require us to indemnify these individuals for certain expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and settlement amounts reasonably incurred by such person in any action or proceeding, including any action by or in our right, on account of any services undertaken by such person on behalf of our company or that person’s status as a member of our board of directors to the maximum extent allowed under Delaware law.
Policies for Approval of Related Party Transactions
Our board of directors reviews and approves transactions with directors, officers and holders of five percent or more of our voting securities and their affiliates, each a related party. Prior to this offering, the material facts as to the related party’s relationship or interest in the transaction are disclosed to our board of directors prior to their consideration of such transaction, and the transaction is not considered approved by our board of directors unless a majority of the directors who are not interested in the transaction approve the transaction. Further, when our stockholders are entitled to vote on a transaction with a related party, the material facts of the related party’s relationship or interest in the transaction are disclosed to the stockholders, who must approve the transaction in good faith.
In connection with this offering, we expect to adopt a written related party transactions policy that will provide that such transactions must be approved by our audit committee. This policy will become effective on the date on which the registration statement of which this prospectus is part is declared effective by the SEC. Pursuant to this policy, the audit committee has the primary responsibility for reviewing and approving or disapproving “related party transactions,” which are transactions between us and related persons in which the aggregate amount involved exceeds or may be expected to exceed the lesser of (i) $120,000 or (ii) one percent of the average of our total assets for the last two completed fiscal years, and in which a related person has or will have a direct or indirect material interest. For purposes of this policy, a related person will be defined as a director, executive officer, nominee for director, or greater than 5% beneficial owner of our common stock, in each case since the beginning of the most recently completed year, and their immediate family members.
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The following table sets forth certain information known to us regarding beneficial ownership of our common stock as of January 31, 2021 by:
· | each person or group of affiliated persons known by us to be the beneficial owner of more than five percent of our capital stock; |
· | each of our named executive officers; |
· | each of our directors; and |
· | all of our executive officers and directors as a group. |
The column entitled “Percentage of Shares Beneficially Owned—Before Offering” is calculated based on shares of common stock outstanding as of January 31, 2021, assuming the automatic conversion of all outstanding shares of our convertible preferred stock into an aggregate of shares of our common stock upon the completion of this offering. The column entitled “Percentage of Shares Beneficially Owned—After Offering” is based on shares of our common stock to be outstanding after this offering, including the shares of our common stock that we are selling in this offering, but not including any additional shares issuable upon exercise of outstanding options.
We have determined beneficial ownership in accordance with the rules of the SEC, and the information is not necessarily indicative of beneficial ownership for any other purpose. These rules generally attribute beneficial ownership of securities to persons who possess sole or shared voting power or investment power with respect to those securities as well as any shares of common stock that the person has the right to acquire within 60 days of September 30, 2020 through the exercise of stock options or other rights. These shares are deemed to be outstanding and beneficially owned by the person holding those options for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of that person, but they are not treated as outstanding for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of any other person. Unless otherwise indicated, the persons or entities identified in this table have sole voting and investment power with respect to all shares shown as beneficially owned by them.
Other than our directors and named executive officers, no person has beneficial ownership of more than 5% of our common stock.
Except as otherwise noted below, the address for persons listed in the table is c/o the Company at 429 Lenox Avenue, Suite 547 Miami Beach, Florida, 33139.
Number of
Shares |
Percentage of
Outstanding Shares Beneficially Owned |
|||||||||||
Name |
Beneficially
Owned |
Before
Offering |
After
Offering |
|||||||||
Directors, Director Nominees and Named Executive Officers | ||||||||||||
Paul Antonio Pereira | 1,575,029 | 20.7 | % | 14.9 | % | |||||||
Dennis McIntosh(1) | 31,501 | 0.4 | 0.3 | |||||||||
John M. Cook II | 1,417,526 | 18.7 | 13.4 | |||||||||
Charles Raglan Pereira(2) | 315,006 | 4.2 | 3.0 | |||||||||
Jim Lee (3) | 4,221,077 | 55.6 | 39.9 | |||||||||
Justin Elkouri | - | * | * | |||||||||
Allison Ficken | - | * | * | |||||||||
Frank Smith | - | * | * | |||||||||
Richard Mowser | - | * | * | |||||||||
Other 5% Stockholders | ||||||||||||
Lee Aerospace, Inc. (3) | 4,221,077 | 55.6 | 39.9 | |||||||||
All officers and directors as a group (9 persons) | 99.6 | % | 71.5 | % |
* | Less than 1%. |
(1) | This excludes an option grant of 31,250 shares of common stock, none of which are exercisable within 60 days of the date of this prospectus. |
(2) | This excludes an option grant of 252,005 shares of common stock, none of which are exercisable within 60 days of the date of this prospectus. |
(3) | Shares of common stock consists of 3,150,057 shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of our Series Seed Preferred Stock and 1,071,019 shares issued pursuant to the bridge loan. Mr. Lee is the founder, president and chairman of Lee Aerospace, Inc. Mr. Lee disclaims beneficial ownership of these shares. |
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The following descriptions are summaries of the material terms of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws, which will become effective immediately prior to the closing of this offering. The descriptions of the common stock and preferred stock give effect to changes to our capital structure that will occur upon the completion of this offering. We refer in this section to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation as our certificate of incorporation, and we refer to our amended and restated bylaws as our bylaws.
General
Upon completion of this offering, our authorized capital stock will consist of 80,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, and 8,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share, all of which shares of preferred stock will be undesignated. Our authorized capital stock currently consists of Twelve Million Five Hundred Thousand (12,500,000) shares of common stock, $0.0001 par value per share, and 2,500,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.0001 par value per share. All of the outstanding shares of Preferred Stock will be converted into shares of Common Stock upon completion of this offering.
Securities Offered in this Offering
We are offering 3,000,000 shares of common stock and warrants to purchase up to shares of common stock. The share of common stock and accompanying common warrants will be issued separately. We are also registering the shares of common stock issuable from time to time upon exercise of the warrants offered hereby. The description of our common stock is set forth above in this section. The following is a summary of certain terms and provisions of the warrants offered hereby. Prospective investors should carefully review the terms and provisions set forth in the form of warrant, which is attached as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part.
Exercisability. The warrants are exercisable at any time after their original issuance and at any time up to the date that is five years after their original issuance. The warrants will be exercisable, at the option of each holder, in whole or in part by delivering to us a duly executed exercise notice and, at any time a registration statement registering the issuance of the shares of common stock underlying the warrants under the Securities Act is effective and available for the issuance of such shares, or an exemption from registration under the Securities Act is available for the issuance of such shares, by payment in full in immediately available funds for the number of shares of common stock purchased upon such exercise. If a registration statement registering the issuance of the shares of common stock underlying the warrants under the Securities Act is not effective or available and an exemption from registration under the Securities Act is not available for the issuance of such shares, the holder may, in its sole discretion, elect to exercise the warrant through a cashless exercise, in which case the holder would receive upon such exercise the net number of shares of Common Stock determined according to the formula set forth in the warrant. No fractional shares of common stock will be issued in connection with the exercise of a warrant. In lieu of fractional shares, we will pay the holder an amount in cash equal to the fractional amount multiplied by the exercise price.
Exercise Limitation. A holder will not have the right to exercise any portion of the warrant if the holder (together with its affiliates) would beneficially own more than 4.99% of the outstanding Common Stock after exercise, as such percentage ownership is determined in accordance with the terms of the warrants, except that upon notice from the holder to us, the holder may waive such limitation up to a percentage, not in excess of 9.99% of the number of shares of our Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the exercise, as such percentage ownership is determined in accordance with the terms of the warrants.
Exercise Price. The exercise price per whole share of Common Stock purchasable upon exercise of the warrants is $6.60 per share or 110 % of the public offering price of the combined initial public offering price. The exercise price is subject to appropriate adjustment in the event of certain stock dividends and distributions, stock splits, stock combinations, reclassifications or similar events affecting our Common Stock and also upon any distributions of assets, including cash, stock or other property to our stockholders.
Transferability. Subject to applicable laws, the warrants may be offered for sale, sold, transferred or assigned without our consent.
Exchange Listing. We have applied for the listing of the warrants offered in this offering on The NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbol “ALFIW”. No assurance can be given that such listing will be approved or that a trading market will develop.
Warrant Agent. The warrants will be issued in registered form under a warrant agency agreement between VStock Transfer, LLC, as warrant agent, and us. The warrants shall initially be represented only by one or more global warrants deposited with the warrant agent, as custodian on behalf of The Depository Trust Company (DTC) and registered in the name of Cede & Co., a nominee of DTC, or as otherwise directed by DTC.
Fundamental Transactions. In the event of a fundamental transaction, as described in the warrants and generally including any reorganization, recapitalization or reclassification of our Common Stock, the sale, transfer or other disposition of all or substantially all of our properties or assets, our consolidation or merger with or into another person, the acquisition of more than 50% of our outstanding Common Stock, or any person or group becoming the beneficial owner of 50% of the voting power represented by our outstanding Common Stock, the holders of the warrants will be entitled to receive upon exercise of the warrants the kind and amount of securities, cash or other property that the holders would have received had they exercised the warrants immediately prior to such fundamental transaction.
Rights as a Stockholder. Except as otherwise provided in the warrants or by virtue of such holder’s ownership of shares of our Common Stock, the holder of a warrant does not have the rights or privileges of a holder of our Common Stock, including any voting rights, until the holder exercises the warrant.
Governing Law. The warrants and the warrant agency agreement are governed by New York law.
Common Stock
Holders of common stock are entitled to one vote per share on all matters to be voted upon by the stockholders, including the election of directors. Such holders are not entitled to vote cumulatively for the election of directors. Holders of a majority of the shares of common stock may elect all of the directors standing for election. Subject to preferences that may be applicable to any outstanding preferred stock, common stockholders are entitled to receive ratably such dividends, if any, as may be declared from time to time by the board of directors out of funds legally available for that purpose. In the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, the common stockholders are entitled to share ratably in all assets remaining after payment of liabilities, subject to prior distribution rights of preferred stock, if any, then outstanding. Common stockholders have no preemptive or conversion rights or other subscription rights. There are no redemption or sinking fund provisions applicable to the common stock.
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We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our capital stock. We currently expect to retain future earnings, if any, to finance the growth and development of our business and do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future.
Preferred Stock
The board of directors is authorized, without action by the stockholders, to designate and issue preferred stock in one or more series and to designate the powers, preferences and rights of each series, which may be greater than the rights of the common stock. It is not possible to state the actual effect of the issuance of any shares of preferred stock upon the rights of holders of the common stock until the board of directors determines the specific rights of the holders of such preferred stock. However, the effects might include, among other things:
· | impairing dividend rights of the common stock; |
· | diluting the voting power of the common stock; |
· | impairing the liquidation rights of the common stock; and |
· | delaying or preventing a change in control of us without further action by the stockholders. |
2018 Stock Incentive Plan
Eligibility and Administration
Our employees, directors and consultants and employees, directors and consultants of either our parent or subsidiary is eligible to receive awards under the 2018 Stock Incentive Plan. The 2018 Stock Incentive Plan will generally be administered by our board of directors with respect to awards to directors, officers, and employees and consultants who are neither directors or officers and by a committee designated by our board of directors with respect to covered employees. The Plan administrator will have the authority to make all determinations and interpretations under, prescribe all forms for use with, and adopt rules for the administration of, the 2018 Stock Incentive Plan, subject to its express terms and conditions. The plan administrator will also set the terms and conditions of all awards under the 2018 Incentive Plan.
Limitation on Awards and Shares Available
As aggregate of 1,575,029 shares of our common stock is available for issuance under awards granted pursuant to the 2018 Stock Incentive Plan, of which 963,716 remain ungranted. Shares issued under the 2018 Stock incentive Plan may be authorized but unissued, or reacquired shares of common stock.
If an award of shares under the 2018 Stock Incentive Plan is forfeited, canceled or expired, whether voluntarily or involuntarily, any shares subject to such award will become or again be available for new grants under the 2020 Stock incentive Plan. Any award of shares that have actually been issued under the 2018 Stock Incentive Plan and returned, will not be available for future issuance under the 2018 Stock Incentive Plan, except that if the if unvested shares are forfeited or repurchased by us, then such shares shall become available for future award under the 2018 Stock Incentive Plan.
Awards
The 2018 Stock Incentive Plan provides for the grant of shares of common stock, or stock options, including SARs, sales or bonuses of Restricted Stock, Restricted Stock Units or Dividend Equivalent Rights. All awards under the 2018 Stock Incentive Plan will be set forth in award agreements, which will detail the terms and conditions of the awards, including any applicable vesting and payment terms and post-termination exercise limitations.
As of January 31, 2021, there were options to purchase 611,313 shares of our common stock at a weighted average exercise price of $1.19 per share.
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Warrants
Upon completion of this offering, Kingswood will receive warrants for the purchase of 150,000 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $6.60. See “Underwriting” for the terms of the warrants.
Anti-Takeover Effects of our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws and Delaware Law
Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws that will be in effect on the completion of this offering will include a number of provisions that may have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing another party from acquiring control of us and encouraging persons considering unsolicited tender offers or other unilateral takeover proposals to negotiate with our board of directors rather than pursue non-negotiated takeover attempts. These provisions include the items described below.
Board Composition and Filling Vacancies
Our certificate of incorporation provides for the division of our board of directors into three classes serving staggered three-year terms, with one class being elected each year. Our certificate of incorporation also provides that directors may be removed only for cause and then only by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least two-thirds or more of the shares then entitled to vote at an election of directors. Furthermore, any vacancy on our board of directors, however occurring, including a vacancy resulting from an increase in the size of our board, may only be filled by the affirmative vote of a majority of our directors then in office even if less than a quorum. The classification of directors, together with the limitations on removal of directors and treatment of vacancies, has the effect of making it more difficult for stockholders to change the composition of our board of directors.
No Written Consent of Stockholders
Our certificate of incorporation will provide that all stockholder actions are required to be taken by a vote of the stockholders at an annual or special meeting, and that stockholders may not take any action by written consent in lieu of a meeting. This limit may lengthen the amount of time required to take stockholder actions and would prevent the amendment of our bylaws or removal of directors by our stockholders without holding a meeting of stockholders.
Meetings of Stockholders
Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws will provide that only a majority of the members of our board of directors then in office may call special meetings of stockholders and only those matters set forth in the notice of the special meeting may be considered or acted upon at a special meeting of stockholders. Our bylaws will limit the business that may be conducted at an annual meeting of stockholders to those matters properly brought before the meeting.
Advance Notice Requirements
Our bylaws will establish advance notice procedures with regard to stockholder proposals relating to the nomination of candidates for election as directors or new business to be brought before meetings of our stockholders. These procedures provide that notice of stockholder proposals must be timely given in writing to our corporate secretary prior to the meeting at which the action is to be taken. Generally, to be timely, notice must be received at our principal executive offices not less than 90 days nor more than 120 days prior to the first anniversary date of the annual meeting for the preceding year. Our bylaws specify the requirements as to form and content of all stockholders’ notices. These requirements may preclude stockholders from bringing matters before the stockholders at an annual or special meeting.
Amendment to Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws
Any amendment of our certificate of incorporation must first be approved by a majority of our board of directors, and if required by law or our certificate of incorporation, must thereafter be approved by a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote on the amendment and a majority of the outstanding shares of each class entitled to vote thereon as a class, except that the amendment of the provisions relating to stockholder action, board composition, and limitation of liability must be approved by not less than two-thirds of the outstanding shares entitled to vote on the amendment, and not less than two-thirds of the outstanding shares of each class entitled to vote thereon as a class. Our bylaws may be amended by the affirmative vote of a majority of the directors then in office, subject to any limitations set forth in the bylaws; and may also be amended by the affirmative vote of a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote on the amendment, voting together as a single class, except that the amendment of the provisions relating to notice of stockholder business and nominations and special meetings must be approved by not less than two-thirds of the outstanding shares entitled to vote on the amendment, and not less than two-thirds of the outstanding shares of each class entitled to vote thereon as a class, or, if our board of directors recommends that the stockholders approve the amendment, by the affirmative vote of the majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote on the amendment, in each case voting together as a single class.
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Undesignated Preferred Stock
Our certificate of incorporation will provide for authorized shares of preferred stock. The existence of authorized but unissued shares of preferred stock may enable our board of directors to discourage an attempt to obtain control of us by means of a merger, tender offer, proxy contest or otherwise. For example, if in the due exercise of its fiduciary obligations, our board of directors were to determine that a takeover proposal is not in the best interests of our stockholders, our board of directors could cause shares of preferred stock to be issued without stockholder approval in one or more private offerings or other transactions that might dilute the voting or other rights of the proposed acquirer or insurgent stockholder or stockholder group. In this regard, our certificate of incorporation grants our board of directors’ broad power to establish the rights and preferences of authorized and unissued shares of preferred stock. The issuance of shares of preferred stock could decrease the amount of earnings and assets available for distribution to holders of shares of common stock. The issuance may also adversely affect the rights and powers, including voting rights, of these holders and may have the effect of delaying, deterring or preventing a change in control of us.
Choice of Forum
Our bylaws provide that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative form, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware (or, if the Chancery Court does not have jurisdiction, the federal district court for the District of Delaware or other state courts of the State of Delaware) will be the sole and exclusive forum for state law claims for (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf; (ii) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty or other wrongdoing by any of our directors, officers, employees or agents to us or our stockholders; (iii) any action asserting a claim against us, or any current or former director, officer, or other employee or stockholder, arising out of or pursuant to any provision of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware or our certificate of incorporation or bylaws; and (iv) any action asserting a claim against us or any current or former director or officer or other employee governed by the internal affairs doctrine; provided, however, that this choice of forum provision does not apply to any causes of action arising under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act. Our bylaws further provide that, unless we consent in writing to an alternative forum, the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida will be the exclusive forum for resolving any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act. Our bylaws also provides that any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in shares of our capital stock will be deemed to have notice of and to have consented to this choice of forum provision. We recognize that the forum selection clause in our bylaws may impose additional litigation costs on stockholders in pursuing any such claims, particularly if the stockholders do not reside in or near the State of Delaware or the State of Florida, as applicable. Additionally, the forum selection clause in our bylaws may limit our stockholders’ ability to bring a claim in a forum that they find favorable for disputes with us or our directors, officers or employees, which may discourage such lawsuits against us and our directors, officers and employees even though an action, if successful, might benefit our stockholders. The Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware or the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida may also reach different judgments or results than would other courts, including courts where a stockholder considering an action may be located or would otherwise choose to bring the action, and such judgments may be more or less favorable to us than our stockholders.
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Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law
Upon completion of this offering, we will be subject to the provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law. In general, Section 203 prohibits a publicly held Delaware corporation from engaging in a “business combination” with an “interested stockholder” for a three-year period following the time that this stockholder becomes an interested stockholder, unless the business combination is approved in a prescribed manner.
Under Section 203, a business combination between a corporation and an interested stockholder is prohibited unless it satisfies one of the following conditions:
· | before the stockholder became interested, our board of directors approved either the business combination or the transaction which resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder; |
· | upon consummation of the transaction which resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, the interested stockholder owned at least 85% of the voting stock of the corporation outstanding at the time the transaction commenced, excluding for purposes of determining the voting stock outstanding, shares owned by persons who are directors and also officers, and employee stock plans, in some instances, but not the outstanding voting stock owned by the interested stockholder; or |
· | at or after the time the stockholder became interested, the business combination was approved by our board of directors and authorized at an annual or special meeting of the stockholders by the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of the outstanding voting stock which is not owned by the interested stockholder. |
Section 203 defines a business combination to include:
· | any merger or consolidation involving the corporation and the interested stockholder; |
· | any sale, transfer, lease, pledge or other disposition involving the interested stockholder of 10% or more of the assets of the corporation; |
· | subject to exceptions, any transaction that results in the issuance or transfer by the corporation of any stock of the corporation to the interested stockholder; |
· | subject to exceptions, any transaction involving the corporation that has the effect of increasing the proportionate share of the stock of any class or series of the corporation beneficially owned by the interested stockholder; and |
· | the receipt by the interested stockholder of the benefit of any loans, advances, guarantees, pledges or other financial benefits provided by or through the corporation. |
In general, Section 203 defines an interested stockholder as any entity or person beneficially owning 15% or more of the outstanding voting stock of the corporation and any entity or person affiliated with or controlling or controlled by the entity or person.
NASDAQ Capital Market Listing
Listing
We have applied to list our common stock listed on The NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbol “ALF.” In conjunction therewith, we will apply to have the warrants listed on The NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbol “ALFIW.” No assurance can be given that our application will be approved.
Transfer Agent and Registrar
The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock and the Warrant Agent will be VStock Transfer, LLC .
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SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE
Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our shares. Future sales of our common stock in the public market, or the availability of such shares for sale in the public market, could adversely affect market prices prevailing from time to time. As described below, only a limited number of shares will be available for sale shortly after this offering due to contractual and legal restrictions on resale. Nevertheless, sales of our common stock in the public market after such restrictions lapse, or the perception that those sales may occur, could adversely affect the prevailing market price at such time and our ability to raise equity capital in the future.
Based on the number of shares outstanding as of January 31, 2021, upon the completion of this offering, 10,591,638 shares of our common stock will be outstanding, assuming no exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares and no exercise of outstanding options. Of the outstanding shares, all of the shares sold in this offering, except that any shares held by our affiliates, as that term is defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act, may only be sold in compliance with the limitations described below, and shares of our common stock are restricted shares of common stock subject to time-based vesting terms. All remaining shares of common stock held by existing stockholders immediately prior to the completion of this offering, will be “restricted securities” as such term is defined in Rule 144. These restricted securities were issued and sold by us, or will be issued and sold by us, in private transactions and are eligible for public sale only if registered under the Securities Act or if they qualify for an exemption from registration under the Securities Act, including the exemptions provided by Rule 144 or Rule 701, summarized below.
In addition to the restrictions under Rule 144, the shares held by our bridge lenders are subject to a one year lock-up following completion of this offering. Thereafter, subject to Rule 144, the bridge lenders may sell up to 25% of their shares at one-time and thereafter such shares may only be sold if the selling price is at least 100% of the price per share in this offering and the number of shares sold in such sale, combined with any other sales by such lender, during a 30-day period, represents no more than 10% of the most recent 25-day average trading volume of the Company’s shares.
Rule 144
In general, a person who has beneficially owned restricted stock for at least six months would be entitled to sell their securities provided that (i) such person is not deemed to have been one of our affiliates at the time of, or at any time during the 90 days preceding, a sale and (ii) we are subject to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, periodic reporting requirements for at least 90 days before the sale. Persons who have beneficially owned restricted shares for at least six months but who are our affiliates at the time of, or any time during the 90 days preceding, a sale, would be subject to additional restrictions, by which such person would be entitled to sell within any three-month period only a number of securities that does not exceed the greater of either of the following:
· |
1% of the number of shares then outstanding, which will equal approximately 10,592 shares immediately after this offering and the concurrent private placements, assuming no exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares, based on the number of shares outstanding as of January 31, 2021; or |
· | the average weekly trading volume of our common stock on The NASDAQ Capital Market during the four calendar weeks preceding the filing of a notice on Form 144 with respect to the sale; |
provided, in each case, that we are subject to the Exchange Act periodic reporting requirements for at least 90 days before the sale. Such sales both by affiliates and by non-affiliates must also comply with the manner of sale, current public information and notice provisions of Rule 144.
Upon waiver or expiration of the 180-day lock-up period described below, approximately shares of our common stock will be eligible for sale under Rule 144. We cannot estimate the number of shares of our common stock that our existing stockholders will elect to sell under Rule 144.
Rule 701
Rule 701 under the Securities Act, as in effect on the date of this prospectus, permits resales of shares in reliance upon Rule 144 but without compliance with certain restrictions of Rule 144, including the holding period requirement. Most of our employees, executive officers or directors who purchased shares under a written compensatory plan or contract may be entitled to rely on the resale provisions of Rule 701, but all holders of Rule 701 shares are required to wait until 90 days after the date of this prospectus before selling their shares.
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However, substantially all Rule 701 shares are subject to lock-up agreements as described below and under the section titled “Underwriters” included elsewhere in this prospectus and will become eligible for sale upon the expiration of the restrictions set forth in those agreements.
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Lock-Up Agreements
We and each of our directors and executive officers and our stockholders holding more than 3.0% of our outstanding common stock have signed a lock-up agreement that prevents them from selling any of our common stock or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for common stock for a period of not less than 365 days from the date of this prospectus with respect to us and 180 days with respect to our directors officers and significant stockholders, without the prior written consent of the representatives, subject to certain exceptions. See the section entitled “Underwriters” appearing elsewhere in this prospectus for more information.
Equity Incentive Plans
We intend to file one or more registration statements on Form S-8 under the Securities Act to register our shares issued or reserved for issuance under our equity incentive plans. The first such registration statement is expected to be filed soon after the date of this prospectus and will automatically become effective upon filing with the SEC. Accordingly, shares registered under such registration statement will be available for sale in the open market, unless such shares are subject to vesting restrictions with us or the lock-up restrictions described above
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Kingswood Capital Markets division of Benchmark Investments, Inc. (the “Representative”) is acting as the underwriter. We have entered into an underwriting agreement dated February , 2021 with the Representative. Subject to the terms and conditions of the underwriting agreement, we have agreed to sell to each underwriter named below, and each underwriter named below has severally agreed to purchase, at the public offering price less the underwriting discounts set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, the number of shares of common stock and warrants listed next to its name in the following table:
Number
of
Shares of Common Stock and Warrants |
||||
Kingswood Capital Markets division of Benchmark Investments, Inc. | ||||
Total | ||||
The underwriters are committed to purchase all of the shares of common stock and warrants offered by us other than those covered by the over-allotment option described below, if it purchases any shares of common stock and warrants. The obligations of the underwriters may be terminated upon the occurrence of certain events specified in the underwriting agreement. Furthermore, pursuant to the underwriting agreement, the underwriters’ obligations are subject to customary conditions, representations and warranties contained in the underwriting agreement, such as receipt by the underwriters of officers’ certificates and legal opinions.
We have agreed to indemnify the underwriters against specified liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, and to contribute to payments the underwriters may be required to make in respect thereof.
The underwriters are offering the shares of common stock and accompanying warrants, subject to prior sale, when, as and if issued to and accepted by them, subject to approval of legal matters by their counsel and other conditions specified in the underwriting agreement. The underwriters reserve the right to withdraw, cancel or modify offers to the public and to reject orders in whole or in part.
Over-Allotment Option
We have granted the underwriters an over-allotment option. This option, which is exercisable for up to 45 days after the date of this prospectus, permits the underwriters to purchase up to an aggregate of 450,000 additional shares of common stock and/or warrants to purchase up to additional shares of common stock (equal to 15% of the common stock and warrants sold in the offering) in any combination thereof, at the public offering price per share, less underwriting discounts and commissions, solely to cover over-allotments, if any. If this option is exercised in full, the total price to the public will be $20.7 million and the total net proceeds, before expenses, to us will be $18,837,000.
Discounts
The following table shows the per share of common stock and warrant and total underwriting discounts and commissions to be paid to the underwriters. Such amounts are shown assuming both no exercise and full exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares.
Total | ||||||||||
Per Share and
Warrant |
Without
Option |
With
Option |
||||||||
Public offering price | $ | $ | $ | |||||||
Underwriting discounts and commissions (8%) | $ | $ | $ | |||||||
Non-accountable expense allowance (1%)(1) | $ | $ | $ | |||||||
Proceeds, before expenses, to us | $ | $ | $ |
(1) | The non-accountable expense allowance of 1% is not payable with respect to the shares and/or warrants sold upon exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment option. |
The underwriters propose to offer the shares of common stock and warrants offered by us to the public at the public offering price set forth on the cover of this prospectus. In addition, the underwriters may offer some of the shares of common stock or warrants to other securities dealers at such price less a concession of $_____ per share of common stock. If all of the shares of common stock and warrants offered by us are not sold at the public offering price, the Representative may change the offering price and other selling terms by means of a supplement to this prospectus.
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We have also agreed to pay the following expenses of the Representative relating to the offering: (a) all filing fees and communication expenses associated with the review of this offering by FINRA; (b) all fees, expenses and disbursements relating to background checks of our officers and directors ; (c) all fees, expenses and disbursements relating to the registration, qualification or exemption of securities offered under the securities laws of foreign jurisdictions designated by the Representative, including the reasonable fees and expenses of the Representative’s blue sky counsel; (d) the Representative’s actual accountable expenses for the offering, including those related to the “road show”; (e) fees for underwriter’s counsel, ; (f) the cost associated with the Underwriters’ use of Ipreo’s book building, prospectus tracking and compliance software for the offering; and (g) the costs associated with bound volumes of the public offering materials as well as commemorative mementos and lucite tombstones; provided that the aggregate amount reimbursed to the Representative shall not exceed $150,000.
We estimate that the total expenses of the offering payable by us, excluding the total underwriting discount and the nonaccountable expense reimbursement which is based on the amount raised, will be approximately $492,225.
Discretionary Accounts
The underwriters do not intend to confirm sales of the securities offered hereby to any accounts over which they has discretionary authority.
Lock-Up Agreements
Pursuant to “lock-up” agreements, we, our executive officers and directors, and our shareholders, have agreed, subject to limited exceptions, without the prior written consent of the Representative not to directly or indirectly, offer to sell, sell, pledge or otherwise transfer or dispose of (or enter into any transaction or device that is designed to, or could be expected to, result in the transfer or disposition by any person at any time in the future of) any shares of our common stock, enter into any swap or other derivatives transaction that transfers to another, in whole or in part, any of the economic benefits or risks of ownership of shares of our common stock, make any demand for or exercise any right or cause to be filed a registration statement, including any amendments thereto, with respect to the registration of any shares of common stock or securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for common stock or any other securities of our Company or publicly disclose the intention to do any of the foregoing, subject to customary exceptions, based upon releases schedules which apply to each subscription price paid for by the shareholder.
Representative’s Warrants
We have agreed to issue to the Representative warrants to purchase up to a total of 150,000 shares of common stock (5% of the shares of common stock sold in this offering, excluding the over-allotment option). The warrants will be exercisable at any time, and from time to time, in whole or in part, during the four-year period commencing one year from the effective date of the offering, which period shall not extend further than five years from the effective date of the offering in compliance with FINRA Rule 5110(f)(2)(G). The warrants are exercisable at a per share price equal to 110 % of the public offering price per share in the offering. The warrants have been deemed compensation by FINRA and are therefore subject to a 180-day lock-up pursuant to Rule 5110(g)(1) of FINRA. The underwriter (or permitted assignees under Rule 5110(g)(1)) will not sell, transfer, assign, pledge, or hypothecate these warrants or the securities underlying these warrants, nor will they engage in any hedging, short sale, derivative, put, or call transaction that would result in the effective economic disposition of the warrants or the underlying securities for a period of 180 days from the date of this prospectus.
The exercise price and number of shares issuable upon exercise of the warrants may be adjusted in certain circumstances including in the event of a stock dividend, extraordinary cash dividend or recapitalization, reorganization, merger or consolidation.
Electronic Offer, Sale and Distribution of Shares
A prospectus in electronic format may be made available on the websites maintained by one or more of the underwriters or selling group members. The Representative may agree to allocate a number of shares of common stock and warrants to the underwriter and selling group members for sale to its online brokerage account holders. Internet distributions will be allocated by the underwriter and selling group members that will make internet distributions on the same basis as other allocations. Other than the prospectus in electronic format, the information on these websites is not part of, nor incorporated by reference into, this prospectus or the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, has not been approved or endorsed by us, and should not be relied upon by investors.
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Determination of the Initial Public Offering Price
Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our securities. The initial public offering price was determined through negotiations between us and the Representative. In addition to prevailing market conditions, the factors considered in determining the initial public offering price included the following:
· | the information included in this prospectus and otherwise available to the Representative; |
· | the valuation multiples of publicly traded companies that the Representative believes to be comparable to us; |
· | our financial information; |
· | our prospects and the history and the prospects of the industry in which we compete; |
· | an assessment of our management, its past and present operations, and the prospects for, and timing of, our future revenues; |
· | the present state of our development and prevailing market conditions; and |
· | the above factors in relation to market values and various valuation measures of other companies engaged in activities similar to ours. |
An active trading market for our common stock may not develop. It is also possible that, after the offering, the shares will not trade in the public market at or above the initial public offering price.
Stabilization
In connection with this offering, the underwriters may engage in stabilizing transactions, over-allotment transactions, syndicate-covering transactions, penalty bids and purchases to cover positions created by short sales.
· | Stabilizing transactions permit bids to purchase securities so long as the stabilizing bids do not exceed a specified maximum and are engaged in for the purpose of preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of the securities while the offering is in progress. |
· | Over-allotment transactions involve sales by the underwriters of securities in excess of the number of securities the underwriters are obligated to purchase. This creates a syndicate short position which may be either a covered short position or a naked short position. In a covered short position, the number of securities over-allotted by the underwriter is not greater than the number of securities that they may purchase in the over-allotment option. In a naked short position, the number of securities involved is greater than the number of securities in the over-allotment option. The underwriter may close out any short position by exercising its over-allotment option and/or purchasing securities in the open market. |
· | Syndicate covering transactions involve purchases of securities in the open market after the distribution has been completed in order to cover syndicate short positions. In determining the source of the securities to close out the short position, the underwriter will consider, among other things, the price of securities available for purchase in the open market as compared with the price at which they may purchase securities through exercise of the over-allotment option. If the underwriter sells more securities than could be covered by exercise of the over-allotment option and, therefore, have a naked short position, the position can be closed out only by buying securities in the open market. A naked short position is more likely to be created if the underwriter is concerned that after pricing there could be downward pressure on the price of the securities in the open market that could adversely affect investors who purchase in the offering. |
· | Penalty bids permit the Representative to reclaim a selling concession from a syndicate member when the securities originally sold by that syndicate member are purchased in stabilizing or syndicate covering transactions to cover syndicate short positions. |
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These stabilizing transactions, over-allotment transactions, syndicate covering transactions and penalty bids may have the effect of raising or maintaining the market price of our securities or preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of our securities. As a result, the price of our securities in the open market may be higher than it would otherwise be in the absence of these transactions. Neither we nor the underwriters make any representation or prediction as to the effect that the transactions described above may have on the price of our securities. These transactions may be affected on the NASDAQ Capital Market, in the over-the-counter market or otherwise and, if commenced, may be discontinued at any time.
Passive Market Making
In connection with this offering, underwriter and selling group members may engage in passive market making transactions in our securities on the NASDAQ Capital Market in accordance with Rule 103 of Regulation M under the Exchange Act, during a period before the commencement of offers or sales of the shares and extending through the completion of the distribution. A passive market maker must display its bid at a price not in excess of the highest independent bid of that security. However, if all independent bids are lowered below the passive market maker’s bid, then that bid must then be lowered when specified purchase limits are exceeded.
Certain Relationships
The underwriters and their affiliates have provided, or may in the future provide, various investment banking, commercial banking, financial advisory, brokerage or other services to us and our affiliates for which services they have received, and may in the future receive, customary fees and expense reimbursement.
The underwriters and their affiliates may, from time to time, engage in transactions with and perform services for us in the ordinary course of its business for which they may receive customary fees and reimbursements of expenses. In the ordinary course of their various business activities, the underwriters and their affiliates may make or hold a broad array of investments and actively trade debt and equity securities (or related derivative securities) and financial instruments (including bank loans) for their own accounts and for the accounts of their customers and such investment and securities activities may involve securities and/or instruments of our Company. The underwriters and their affiliates may also make investment recommendations and/or publish or express independent research views in respect of such securities or instruments and may at any time hold, or recommend to clients that they acquire, long and/or short positions in such securities and instruments.
Offer Restrictions Outside the United States
Other than in the United States, no action has been taken by us or the underwriters that would permit a public offering of the securities offered by this prospectus in any jurisdiction where action for that purpose is required. The securities offered by this prospectus may not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, nor may this prospectus or any other offering material or advertisements in connection with the offer and sale of any such securities be distributed or published in any jurisdiction, except under circumstances that will result in compliance with the applicable rules and regulations of that jurisdiction. Persons into whose possession this prospectus comes are advised to inform themselves about and to observe any restrictions relating to the offering and the distribution of this prospectus. This prospectus does not constitute an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy any securities offered by this prospectus in any jurisdiction in which such an offer or a solicitation is unlawful.
Australia
This prospectus is not a disclosure document under Chapter 6D of the Australian Corporations Act, has not been lodged with the Australian Securities and Investments Commission and does not purport to include the information required of a disclosure document under Chapter 6D of the Australian Corporations Act. Accordingly, (i) the offer of the securities under this prospectus is only made to persons to whom it is lawful to offer the securities without disclosure under Chapter 6D of the Australian Corporations Act under one or more exemptions set out in section 708 of the Australian Corporations Act, (ii) this prospectus is made available in Australia only to those persons as set forth in clause (i) above, and (iii) the offeree must be sent a notice stating in substance that by accepting this offer, the offeree represents that the offeree is such a person as set forth in clause (i) above, and, unless permitted under the Australian Corporations Act, agrees not to sell or offer for sale within Australia any of the securities sold to the offeree within 12 months after its transfer to the offeree under this prospectus.
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Canada
The securities may be sold in Canada only to purchasers purchasing, or deemed to be purchasing, as principal that are accredited investors, as defined in National Instrument 45-106 Prospectus Exemptions or subsection 73.3(1) of the Securities Act (Ontario), and are permitted clients, as defined in National Instrument 31-103 Registration Requirements, Exemptions and Ongoing Registrant Obligations. Any resale of the securities must be made in accordance with an exemption from, or in a transaction not subject to, the prospectus requirements of applicable securities laws.
Securities legislation in certain provinces or territories of Canada may provide a purchaser with remedies for rescission or damages if this prospectus (including any amendment thereto) contains a misrepresentation, provided that the remedies for rescission or damages are exercised by the purchaser within the time limit prescribed by the securities legislation of the purchaser’s province or territory. The purchaser should refer to any applicable provisions of the securities legislation of the purchaser’s province or territory for particulars of these rights or consult with a legal advisor.
Pursuant to section 3A.3 of National Instrument 33-105 Underwriting Conflicts (NI 33-105), the underwriter is not required to comply with the disclosure requirements of NI 33-105 regarding underwriter conflicts of interest in connection with this offering.
China
The information in this document does not constitute a public offer of the securities, whether by way of sale or subscription, in the People’s Republic of China (the “PRC”) (excluding, for purposes of this paragraph, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Macau Special Administrative Region and Taiwan). The securities may not be offered or sold directly or indirectly in the PRC to legal or natural persons other than directly to “qualified domestic institutional investors.”
European Economic Area — Belgium, Germany, Luxembourg and Netherlands
The information in this document has been prepared on the basis that all offers of securities will be made pursuant to an exemption under the Directive 2003/71/EC (“Prospectus Directive”), as implemented in Member States of the European Economic Area (each, a “Relevant Member State”), from the requirement to produce a prospectus for offers of securities.
An offer to the public of securities has not been made, and may not be made, in a Relevant Member State except pursuant to one of the following exemptions under the Prospectus Directive as implemented in that Relevant Member State:
· | to legal entities that are authorized or regulated to operate in the financial markets or, if not so authorized or regulated, whose corporate purpose is solely to invest in securities; |
· | to any legal entity that has two or more of (i) an average of at least 250 employees during its last fiscal year; (ii) a total balance sheet of more than €43,000,000 (as shown on its last annual unconsolidated or consolidated financial statements) and (iii) an annual net turnover of more than €50,000,000 (as shown on its last annual unconsolidated or consolidated financial statements); |
· | to fewer than 100 natural or legal persons (other than qualified investors within the meaning of Article 2(1)(e) of the Prospectus Directive) subject to obtaining the prior consent of our Company or any underwriter for any such offer; or |
· | in any other circumstances falling within Article 3(2) of the Prospectus Directive, provided that no such offer of securities shall result in a requirement for the publication by our Company of a prospectus pursuant to Article 3 of the Prospectus Directive. |
France
This document is not being distributed in the context of a public offering of financial securities (offre au public de titres financiers) in France within the meaning of Article L.411-1 of the French Monetary and Financial Code (Code monétaire et financier) and Articles 211-1, et seq. of the General Regulation of the French Autorité des marchés financiers (“AMF”). The securities have not been offered or sold and will not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, to the public in France.
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This document and any other offering material relating to the securities have not been, and will not be, submitted to the AMF for approval in France and, accordingly, may not be distributed or caused to distributed, directly or indirectly, to the public in France.
Such offers, sales and distributions have been and shall only be made in France to (i) qualified investors (investisseurs qualifiés) acting for their own account, as defined in and in accordance with Articles L.411-2-II-2° and D.411-1 to D.411-3, D.744-1, D.754-1 and D.764-1 of the French Monetary and Financial Code and any implementing regulation and/or (ii) a restricted number of non-qualified investors (cercle restreint d’investisseurs non-qualifiés) acting for their own account, as defined in and in accordance with Articles L.411-2-II-2° and D.411-4, D.744-1, D.754-1 and D.764-1 of the French Monetary and Financial Code and any implementing regulation.
Pursuant to Article 211-3 of the General Regulation of the AMF, investors in France are informed that the securities cannot be distributed (directly or indirectly) to the public by the investors otherwise than in accordance with Articles L.411-1, L.411-2, L.412-1 and L.621-8 to L.621-8-3 of the French Monetary and Financial Code.
Ireland
The information in this document does not constitute a prospectus under any Irish laws or regulations and this document has not been filed with or approved by any Irish regulatory authority as the information has not been prepared in the context of a public offering of securities in Ireland within the meaning of the Irish Prospectus (Directive 2003/71/EC) Regulations 2005 (the “Prospectus Regulations”). The securities have not been offered or sold, and will not be offered, sold or delivered directly or indirectly in Ireland by way of a public offering, except to (i) qualified investors as defined in Regulation 2(l) of the Prospectus Regulations and (ii) fewer than 100 natural or legal persons who are not qualified investors.
Israel
The securities offered by this prospectus have not been approved or disapproved by the Israeli Securities Authority (the “ISA”), nor have such securities been registered for sale in Israel. The shares may not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, to the public in Israel, absent the publication of a prospectus. The ISA has not issued permits, approvals or licenses in connection with the offering or publishing the prospectus; nor has it authenticated the details included herein, confirmed their reliability or completeness, or rendered an opinion as to the quality of the securities being offered. Any resale in Israel, directly or indirectly, to the public of the securities offered by this prospectus is subject to restrictions on transferability and must be effected only in compliance with the Israeli securities laws and regulations.
Italy
The offering of the securities in the Republic of Italy has not been authorized by the Italian Securities and Exchange Commission (Commissione Nazionale per le Societá e la Borsa, “CONSOB”) pursuant to the Italian securities legislation and, accordingly, no offering material relating to the securities may be distributed in Italy and such securities may not be offered or sold in Italy in a public offer within the meaning of Article 1.1(t) of Legislative Decree No. 58 of 24 February 1998 (“Decree No. 58”), other than:
· | to Italian qualified investors, as defined in Article 100 of Decree No. 58 by reference to Article 34-ter of CONSOB Regulation no. 11971 of 14 May 1999 (“Regulation no. 11971”) as amended (“Qualified Investors”); and |
· | in other circumstances that are exempt from the rules on public offer pursuant to Article 100 of Decree No. 58 and Article 34-ter of Regulation No. 11971 as amended. |
Any offer, sale or delivery of the securities or distribution of any offer document relating to the securities in Italy (excluding placements where a Qualified Investor solicits an offer from the issuer) under the paragraphs above must be:
· | made by investment firms, banks or financial intermediaries permitted to conduct such activities in Italy in accordance with Legislative Decree No. 385 of 1 September 1993 (as amended), Decree No. 58, CONSOB Regulation No. 16190 of 29 October 2007 and any other applicable laws; and |
· | in compliance with all relevant Italian securities, tax and exchange controls and any other applicable laws. |
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Any subsequent distribution of the securities in Italy must be made in compliance with the public offer and prospectus requirement rules provided under Decree No. 58 and the Regulation No. 11971 as amended unless an exception from those rules applies. Failure to comply with such rules may result in the sale of such securities being declared null and void and in the liability of the entity transferring the securities for any damages suffered by the investors.
Japan
The securities have not been and will not be registered under Article 4, paragraph 1 of the Financial Instruments and Exchange Law of Japan (Law No. 25 of 1948), as amended (the “FIEL”), pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements applicable to a private placement of securities to Qualified Institutional Investors (as defined in and in accordance with Article 2, paragraph 3 of the FIEL and the regulations promulgated thereunder). Accordingly, the securities may not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, in Japan or to, or for the benefit of, any resident of Japan other than Qualified Institutional Investors. Any Qualified Institutional Investor who acquires securities may not resell them to any person in Japan that is not a Qualified Institutional Investor, and acquisition by any such person of securities is conditional upon the execution of an agreement to that effect.
Portugal
This document is not being distributed in the context of a public offer of financial securities (oferta pública de valores mobiliários) in Portugal, within the meaning of Article 109 of the Portuguese Securities Code (Código dos Valores Mobiliários). The securities have not been offered or sold and will not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, to the public in Portugal. This document and any other offering material relating to the securities have not been, and will not be, submitted to the Portuguese Securities Market Commission (Comissão do Mercado de Valores Mobiliários) for approval in Portugal and, accordingly, may not be distributed or caused to distributed, directly or indirectly, to the public in Portugal, other than under circumstances that are deemed not to qualify as a public offer under the Portuguese Securities Code. Such offers, sales and distributions of securities in Portugal are limited to persons who are “qualified investors” (as defined in the Portuguese Securities Code). Only such investors may receive this document and they may not distribute it or the information contained in it to any other person.
Sweden
This document has not been, and will not be, registered with or approved by Finansinspektionen (the Swedish Financial Supervisory Authority). Accordingly, this document may not be made available, nor may the securities be offered for sale in Sweden, other than under circumstances that are deemed not to require a prospectus under the Swedish Financial Instruments Trading Act (1991:980) (Sw. lag (1991:980) om handel med finansiella instrument). Any offering of securities in Sweden is limited to persons who are “qualified investors” (as defined in the Financial Instruments Trading Act). Only such investors may receive this document and they may not distribute it or the information contained in it to any other person.
Switzerland
The securities may not be publicly offered in Switzerland and will not be listed on the SIX Swiss Exchange (“SIX”) or on any other stock exchange or regulated trading facility in Switzerland. This document has been prepared without regard to the disclosure standards for issuance prospectuses under art. 652a or art. 1156 of the Swiss Code of Obligations or the disclosure standards for listing prospectuses under art. 27 ff. of the SIX Listing Rules or the listing rules of any other stock exchange or regulated trading facility in Switzerland. Neither this document nor any other offering material relating to the securities may be publicly distributed or otherwise made publicly available in Switzerland.
Neither this document nor any other offering material relating to the securities have been or will be filed with or approved by any Swiss regulatory authority. In particular, this document will not be filed with, and the offer of securities will not be supervised by, the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority.
This document is personal to the recipient only and not for general circulation in Switzerland.
United Arab Emirates
Neither this document nor the securities have been approved, disapproved or passed on in any way by the Central Bank of the United Arab Emirates or any other governmental authority in the United Arab Emirates, nor have we received authorization or licensing from the Central Bank of the United Arab Emirates or any other governmental authority in the United Arab Emirates to market or sell the securities within the United Arab Emirates. This document does not constitute and may not be used for the purpose of an offer or invitation. No services relating to the securities, including the receipt of applications and/or the allotment or redemption of such shares, may be rendered within the United Arab Emirates by our Company.
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No offer or invitation to subscribe for securities is valid or permitted in the Dubai International Financial Centre.
United Kingdom
Neither the information in this document nor any other document relating to the offer has been delivered for approval to the Financial Services Authority in the United Kingdom and no prospectus (within the meaning of section 85 of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000, as amended (“FSMA”)) has been published or is intended to be published in respect of the securities. This document is issued on a confidential basis to “qualified investors” (within the meaning of section 86(7) of FSMA) in the United Kingdom, and the securities may not be offered or sold in the United Kingdom by means of this document, any accompanying letter or any other document, except in circumstances which do not require the publication of a prospectus pursuant to section 86(1) FSMA. This document should not be distributed, published or reproduced, in whole or in part, nor may its contents be disclosed by recipients to any other person in the United Kingdom.
Any invitation or inducement to engage in investment activity (within the meaning of section 21 of FSMA) received in connection with the issue or sale of the securities has only been communicated or caused to be communicated and will only be communicated or caused to be communicated in the United Kingdom in circumstances in which section 21(1) of FSMA does not apply to our company.
In the United Kingdom, this document is being distributed only to, and is directed at, persons (i) who have professional experience in matters relating to investments falling within Article 19(5) (investment professionals) of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Financial Promotions) Order 2005 (“FPO”), (ii) who fall within the categories of persons referred to in Article 49(2)(a) to (d) (high net worth companies, unincorporated associations, etc.) of the FPO or (iii) to whom it may otherwise be lawfully communicated (together “relevant persons”). The investments to which this document relates are available only to, and any invitation, offer or agreement to purchase will be engaged in only with, relevant persons. Any person who is not a relevant person should not act or rely on this document or any of its contents.
The validity of the shares of common stock offered by this prospectus will be passed upon for us by Nelson Mullins Riley & Scarborough LLP, Washington, D.C. Certain legal matters relating to this offering will be passed upon for the underwriters by Jolie Kahn, Esq., New York, New York.
Slack & Company CPAs, LLC, independent registered public accounting firm, has audited our consolidated financial statements at December 31, 2019 and 2018, and for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2019, as set forth in their report. We’ve included our financial statements in the prospectus and elsewhere in the registration statement in reliance on Slack & Company CPAs, LLC’s report, given on their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
We have filed with the SEC a registration statement on Form S-1 (File Number 333-251959) under the Securities Act with respect to the common stock we are offering by this prospectus. This prospectus does not contain all of the information included in the registration statement. For further information pertaining to us and our common stock, you should refer to the registration statement and to its exhibits. Whenever we make reference in this prospectus to any of our contracts, agreements or other documents, the references are not necessarily complete, and you should refer to the exhibits attached to the registration statement for copies of the actual contract, agreement or other document.
Upon the completion of the offering, we will be subject to the informational requirements of the Exchange Act and will file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. You can read our SEC filings, including the registration statement, at the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. We also maintain a website at www.getalfi.com. The information contained in or accessible from our website is not incorporated into this prospectus, and you should not consider it part of this prospectus. We have included our website address in this prospectus solely as an inactive textual reference. Upon completion of the offering, you may access, free of charge, our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and any amendments to those reports, as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed with, or furnished to, the SEC.
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F-1
As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019,
and for the periods
from January 1 through September 30, 2020 and 2019,
with report of Independent Auditors
F-2
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page Number | ||
BALANCE SHEET | F-4 | |
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS | F-5 | |
STATEMENT OF CHANGES TO STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | F-6 | |
STATEMENT OF CASHFLOWS | F-7 | |
FINANCIAL STATEMENT FOOTNOTES | F-8 |
F-3
f/k/a Lectrefy, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet
unaudited | ||||||||
September 30 | December 31, | |||||||
2020 | 2019 | |||||||
Assets | ||||||||
Current assets: | ||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 57,726 | 38,890 | ||||||
Inventory, net | 1,104,000 | - | ||||||
Prepaid expenses and other | 793 | 3,651 | ||||||
Total current assets | 1,162,519 | 42,541 | ||||||
Property and equipment, net | 325,638 | 107,744 | ||||||
Intangible assets, net | 4,508,897 | 3,198,051 | ||||||
Other assets, net | 7,875 | 7,875 | ||||||
Total assets | 6,004,929 | 3,356,211 | ||||||
Liabilities | ||||||||
Current liabilities | ||||||||
Accounts payable | 441,388 | 23,844 | ||||||
Current portion of long-term debt (related parties) | 3,521,981 | 759,090 | ||||||
Derivative liability | 229,712 | - | ||||||
Accrued interest | 79,278 | 8,478 | ||||||
Total current liabilities | 4,272,359 | 791,412 | ||||||
Long-term debt, net (related parties) | - | - | ||||||
Total liabilities | 4,272,359 | 791,412 | ||||||
Stockholders' Equity | ||||||||
Series A preferred stock, $0.0001 par, 2,500,000 shares issued as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. 2,500,000 shares authorized | 2,500,000 | 2,500,000 | ||||||
Common stock, $0.0001 par, 2,525,000 and 2,500,000 shares issued as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. 15,000,000 shares authorized | 252 | 250 | ||||||
Additional paid-in capital | 25,000 | - | ||||||
Accumulated surplus | (792,682 | ) | 64,549 | |||||
Total stockholders' equity | 1,732,570 | 2,564,799 | ||||||
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | 6,004,929 | 3,356,211 |
See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements
F-4
f/k/a Lectrefy, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations
unaudited | unaudited | unaudited | unaudited | |||||||||||||
Three months | Three months | Nine months | Nine months | |||||||||||||
ended September | ended September | ended September | ended September | |||||||||||||
30, 2020 | 30, 2019 | 30, 2020 | 30, 2019 | |||||||||||||
Revenues, net | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||
Cost of sales, net | 331,110 | - | 331,110 | - | ||||||||||||
Gross margin | (331,110 | ) | - | (331,110 | ) | - | ||||||||||
Operating expenses | ||||||||||||||||
General and administrative | 234,931 | - | 234,931 | - | ||||||||||||
Stock based compensation | 254,712 | - | 254,712 | - | ||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 121,251 | 6,385 | 132,763 | 11,482 | ||||||||||||
Total operating expenses | 610,894 | 6,385 | 622,406 | 11,482 | ||||||||||||
Other income (expense) | ||||||||||||||||
Other income | 106,235 | - | 167,088 | 51,619 | ||||||||||||
Interest expense | (17,913 | ) | (5,013 | ) | (70,803 | ) | (5,013 | ) | ||||||||
Total other income (expense) | 88,322 | (5,013 | ) | 96,285 | 46,606 | |||||||||||
Net income (loss) before provision for income taxes | (853,682 | ) | (11,398 | ) | (857,231 | ) | 35,124 | |||||||||
Provision for income taxes | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||
Net income (loss) after provision or income taxes | (853,682 | ) | (11,398 | ) | (857,231 | ) | 35,124 | |||||||||
Earnings (loss) per share (EPS) | (0.34 | ) | (0.01 | ) | (0.34 | ) | 0.01 | |||||||||
Fully dilutive earnings (loss) per share (DEPS) | (0.16 | ) | (0.01 | ) | (0.16 | ) | 0.01 | |||||||||
Weighted average common shares outstanding | 2,500,000 | 2,500,000 | 2,500,000 | 2,500,000 | ||||||||||||
Weighted average shares (fully diluted) | 5,486,718 | 5,406,875 | 5,415,790 | 5,046,875 |
See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements
F-5
f/k/a Lectrefy, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Changes to Stockholders' Equity
unaudited
Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Series A | Additional | Accumulated | Stockholders' | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Preferred Stock | Common Stock | Paid-In | Surplus | Equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | Capital | (Deficit) | (Deficit) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at April 4, 2018 (date of inception) | - | $ | - | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | ||||||||||||||||
Issuance of series A preferred stock | 1,500,000 | 1,500,000 | - | - | - | - | 1,500,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of common stock | - | - | 2,500,000 | 250 | - | - | 250 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Current year net income (loss) | - | - | - | - | - | (2,186 | ) | (2,186 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2018 | 1,500,000 | $ | 1,500,000 | 2,500,000 | $ | 250 | $ | - | $ | (2,186 | ) | $ | 1,498,064 | |||||||||||||||
Issuance of series A preferred stock | 1,000,000 | $ | 1,000,000 | - | - | - | - | 1,000,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of common stock | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||
Current year net income | - | - | - | - | - | 66,735 | 66,735 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2019 | 2,500,000 | $ | 2,500,000 | 2,500,000 | $ | 250 | $ | - | $ | 64,549 | $ | 2,564,799 | ||||||||||||||||
Issuance of series A preferred stock | - | $ | - | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | ||||||||||||||||
Issuance of common stock | - | - | 25,000 | 2 | 25,000 | - | 25,002 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Current year net income | - | - | - | - | - | (857,231 | ) | (857,231 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Balance at September 30, 2020 | 2,500,000 | $ | 2,500,000 | 2,500,000 | $ | 252 | $ | - | $ | (792,682 | ) | $ | 1,732,570 |
See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements
F-6
f/k/a Lectrefy, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cashflows
unaudited | unaudited | |||||||
Nine months | Nine months | |||||||
ended September | ended September | |||||||
30, 2020 | 30, 2019 | |||||||
Operating activities | ||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | (857,231 | ) | $ | 35,124 | |||
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: | ||||||||
Depreciation and amortization expense | 132,763 | 11,482 | ||||||
Stock based compensation | 254,712 | - | ||||||
Changes in assets and liabilities: | ||||||||
Inventory | (1,104,000 | ) | - | |||||
Prepaid expenses and other assets | 2,858 | (57,294 | ) | |||||
Accounts payable | 417,544 | 15,816 | ||||||
Accrued interest | 70,800 | - | ||||||
Net cash used in operations | (1,082,554 | ) | 5,128 | |||||
Investing activities | ||||||||
Acquisition of property, plant, and equipment, net | (290,711 | ) | (52,380 | ) | ||||
Acquisition of intangible assets, net | (1,532,789 | ) | (1,468,071 | ) | ||||
Net cash provided by investing activities | (1,823,500 | ) | (1,520,451 | ) | ||||
Financing activities | ||||||||
Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock, net | - | 1,000,000 | ||||||
Proceeds from related party note payable | 2,924,890 | 350,000 | ||||||
Net cash provided by financing activities | 2,924,890 | 1,350,000 | ||||||
Net change in cash and cash equivalents | 18,836 | (165,323 | ) | |||||
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the period | 38,890 | 290,336 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the period | 57,726 | 125,013 |
See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements
F-7
f/k/a LECTREFY, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019
NOTE 1 BUSINESS DESCRIPTION BACKGROUND
Alfi, Inc. is a licensed C-corporation formed in Delaware and operates in the technology sector; specifically Software as a Service (SaaS) in the Digital Out Of Home (DOOH) Smart Advertising segment. This segment includes artificial intelligence, machine & deep learning, edge computing, Big Data, telecommunications, and the Internet of Things (IoT). Alfi, Inc. consists of itself and wholly owned subsidiary Alfi, NI Ltd, which comprise the condensed consolidated financial statements. Alfi, NI Ltd is a registered business in Belfast, Ireland. Collectively, the combined consolidated entity is referred to as the “Company” throughout this Report.
The Company’s timeline of events relative to its current formation above began on April 4, 2018 when Lectrefy, Inc., a Florida corporation, was registered. On July 6, 2018, Lectrefy, Inc. of Delaware was formed. On July 11, 2018, Lectrefy, Inc. of Florida’s assets were substantially dissolved and merged into the newly created entity Lectrefy, Inc. of Delaware. On July 25, 2018, Lectrefy Inc. of Delaware was registered operating in the State of Florida as a foreign entity. .On January 31, 2020, Lectrefy, Inc. of Delaware’s name was restated to Alfi, Inc., a Delaware C-corporation.
On September 18, 2018, Lectrefy, NI Ltd was formed in Belfast, Ireland. On February 4, 2020, Lectrefy, NI Ltd’s name was restated to Alfi NI Ltd, registered in Belfast, Ireland. On February 13, 2020, Lectrefy Inc. Delaware C-corporation operating in the state of Florida as a foreign entity name was restated as Alfi, Inc.
As of the date of this Report, the Company’s products are fully developed being deployed to its customers. In 2019, the Company’s software product received initial certification compliance with GDPR government regulatory standards, the highest level of privacy compliance certification available in its jurisdiction.
The Company uses artificial intelligence and big data analytics to measure and predict human response. Its computer vision technology is powered by proprietary artificial intelligence, to determine the age, gender, ethnicity, geolocation, and emotion of someone in front of an Alfi-enabled device, such as a tablet or kiosk. Its software can then deliver in real-time, the advertisements to that particular viewer based on the viewer’s demographic and psychographic profile. It delivers the right content, to the right person at the right time in a responsible and ethical manner. By delivering advertisements a viewer wants, the Company provides its advertising customers the viewers they want and the result is higher click through rates, or CTRs and higher CPM, cost per thousand, rates.
The Company has created an enterprise grade, multimedia state-of-the-art computer vision and machine learning platform, generating powerful advertising recommendations and insights. Multiple technologies work together in its software with viewer privacy and reporting objectives as the Company’s two goals. The software uses a facial fingerprinting process to make demographic determinations. As such, the Company makes no attempt to identify the individual in front of the screen. By providing age, gender, ethnicity and geolocation information, brand owners have all of the data they need for meaningful interaction.
The Company solves the problem of providing real time, accurate and rich reporting on customer demographics, usage, interactivity and engagement while never storing any personal identifiable information of its users. No viewer is ever required, or requested by us, to enter any information about themselves on any Alfi-enabled device. Alfi was designed to be fully compliant with all privacy regulations. Alfi is fully compliant with the GDPR, General Data Protection Regulation, in Europe, the CCPA, California Consumer Privacy Act, and HIPAA, the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act.
The Company’s initial focus is to place its Alfi-enabled devices in rideshares and airports.
The Company’s primary activities since inception have been research and development, managing collaborations, and raising capital. As of the date of this Report, the Company has approximately 9,600 tablets either held in inventory or circulation in operation being used by customers.
F-8
ALFI, INC.
f/k/a LECTREFY, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019
NOTE 2 GOING CONCERN AND MANAGEMENT’S LIQUIDITY PLANS
As of September 30, 2020, the Company had cash of $57,726 and has a monthly cash run rate of approximately $150,000. As of the date of this report, the Company has not yet generated substantial revenue from customers and business activity has mainly consisted of cash outflows associated with its capital project. These conditions indicate that there is substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year from the issuance date of the condensed consolidated financial statements.
The Company plans to file an initial public offering on Form S-1 to raise $15,000,000 and list its common stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market. The anticipated capital raise will include funding for working capital to launch and expand operations in accordance with its business model. However, there can be no assurance that such offering will be successfully completed.
The Company’s primary source of operating funds since inception has been cash proceeds from the private placements of preferred equity and debt securities. The Company intends to raise additional capital through private placements of debt and equity securities, but there can be no assurance that these funds will be available on terms acceptable to the Company or will be sufficient to enable the Company to fully complete its development activities or sustain operations. If the Company is unable to raise sufficient additional funds, it will have to develop and implement a plan to further extend payables, reduce overhead, or scale back its current business plan until sufficient additional capital is raised to support further operations. There can be no assurance that such a plan will be successful.
Accordingly, the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”), which contemplate continuation of the Company as a going concern and the realization of assets and satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. The carrying amounts of assets and liabilities presented in the condensed consolidated financial statements do not necessarily purport to represent realizable or settlement values. The condensed consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustment that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
NOTE 3 SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Consolidation
The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Alfi, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiary. Collectively, these entities make up the condensed consolidated financial statements during the periods presented in this Report. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. At September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company had $57,726 and $38,890 in cash and cash equivalents, respectively.
F-9
ALFI, INC.
f/k/a LECTREFY, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019
NOTE 3 SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - CONTINUED
Inventory
The Company purchased approximately 9,600 Lenovo tablet hardware inventory devices in 2020 (the “devices”), which are held for placement with rideshare and other businesses. Alfi’s devices represent an incentive-based outreach program by which devices are provided complimentary to rideshare or other businesses that sign up for Alfi’s Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) product. As part of Alfi sales agreements with rideshare and other businesses, devices are provided as a complimentary product in exchange for monetization of the respective set of business consumer’s attention.
The Company records inventory at the lower of cost or fair market value. Devices are accounted for as Inventory on the consolidated balance sheet until they are provided to a rideshare or other businesses. Upon being placed into service for consumer use, the Company expenses Inventory to Cost of Sales.
Property and Equipment
Property plant and equipment consists of office equipment recorded at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets, which for office equipment is three to five years. The Company maintains a capitalization policy for individual items greater than $1,000 and an estimated useful life greater than one year.
Expenditures for major renewals and betterments that extend the useful lives property and equipment are capitalized. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. Property plant and equipment are tested for asset impairment on no less than a quarterly basis by Management.
Intangible Assets
The Company recognizes amortizable intangible assets associated with the costs to acquire or cost to complete its technology development projects. Intangible assets are tested for asset impairment on no less than a quarterly basis by Management, of which none were identified during the periods included in this Report.
Concentration of Credit Risk
The Company’s financial instruments that are exposed to a concentration of credit risk is cash. Generally, the Company’s cash in non-interest-bearing accounts may exceed FDIC insurance limits from time to time. The financial stability of these institutions is periodically reviewed by senior Management.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Fair value estimates discussed herein are based upon certain market assumptions and pertinent information available to Management. The respective carrying value (net book value) of certain on-balance- sheet financial instruments approximated their fair values. These financial instruments include cash, accounts payable notes payable, fixed assets, and amortizable intangible assets. Fair values approximate carrying values for cash, accounts payable, notes payable, fixed assets, and amortizable intangible assets at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.
Net Income (Loss) per Share of Common Stock
The Company computes basic net loss per share by dividing net income (loss) per share available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period and excludes the effects of any potentially dilutive securities. Diluted earnings per share, if presented, would include the dilution that would occur upon the exercise or conversion of all potentially dilutive securities into common stock using the “treasury stock” and/or “if converted” methods as applicable. The computation of basic and diluted income (loss) per share for the years ended September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 excludes potentially dilutive securities when their inclusion would be anti- dilutive, or if their exercise prices were greater than the average market price of the common stock during the period.
F-10
ALFI, INC.
f/k/a LECTREFY, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019
NOTE 3 SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - CONTINUED
Net Income (Loss) per Share of Common Stock - CONTINUED
Potentially dilutive securities excluded from the computation of basic net income (loss) per share as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 are as follows:
September 30, | December 31, | |||||||
2020 | 2019 | |||||||
Convertible Series (“A”) Preferred stock | 2,500,000 | 2,500,000 | ||||||
Employee stock options | 461,718 | 46,875 | ||||||
Total potentially dilutive securities | 2,961,718 | 2,546,875 |
A reconciliation of the numerator and denominator for basic and fully dilutive net income (loss) per share is as follows for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively:
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||
2020 | 2019 | |||||||
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding | 2,508,300 | 2,500,000 | ||||||
Weighted average shares of potentially dilutive securities | 2,907,490 | 46,875 | ||||||
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding and potentially dilutive securities | 5,415,790 | 2,546,875 |
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||
2020 | 2019 | |||||||
Net income (loss) for the period |
(857,231 | ) | 35,124 | |||||
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding and potentially dilutive securities |
5,415,790 | 5,046,875 | ||||||
Fully dilutive net income (loss) per share |
(0.16 | ) | 0.01 |
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||
2020 | 2019 | |||||||
Net income (loss) for the period |
(857,231 | ) | 35,124 | |||||
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding |
2,508,300 | 2,500,000 | ||||||
Basic net income (loss) per share |
(0.34 | ) | 0.01 |
Common Stock
The Company issued common stock on April 4, 2018 to Founders of 2,500,000 shares. At September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, outstanding shares of common stock totaled 2,525,000 and 2,500,000, respectively. The Company incurred no stock buybacks or treasury transactions during the periods included in this report. The Company paid no dividends on common stock issued in 2018 or 2019. The Company accounts for common stock at par value.
Convertible Instruments
U.S. GAAP requires companies to bifurcate conversion options from their host instruments and account for them as free standing derivative financial instruments according to certain criteria. The criteria include circumstances in which (a) the economic characteristics and risks of the embedded derivative instrument are not clearly and closely related to the economic characteristics and risks of the host contract, (b) the hybrid instrument that embodies both the embedded derivative instrument and the host contract is not re-measured at fair value under otherwise applicable generally accepted accounting principles with changes in fair value reported in earnings as they occur, and (c) a separate instrument with the same terms as the embedded derivative instrument would be considered a derivative instrument. An exception to this rule is when the host instrument is deemed to be conventional.
The Company has determined that the embedded conversion options should not be bifurcated from their host instruments and the Company records, when necessary, discounts to convertible notes for the intrinsic value of conversion options embedded in debt instruments (the beneficial conversion feature) based upon the differences between the fair value of the underlying common stock at the commitment date of the note transaction and the effective conversion price embedded in the note. Debt discounts under these arrangements are amortized over the term of the related debt to their stated date of redemption.
During the years ended September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company did not record or issue convertible notes with beneficial conversion features and did not record debt discounts related to beneficial conversion features. During 2019 and 2018, the Company issued Convertible Series A Preferred stock which has option for stockholders to convert into common stock on a 1:1 basis, and is classified as equity on the balance sheet at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. If converted into common stock by Series A stockholders, its fair value would approximate the existing carrying (book) value of the Series A Preferred stock as stated on the balance sheet at the end of each period presented under this Report. Thus, no embedded derivatives were identified on the conversion option of Convertible Series A Preferred stock at September 30, 2020 or December 31, 2019, respectively.
Common Stock Purchase Warrants and Other Derivative Financial Instruments
The Company accounts for derivative instruments in accordance with ASC 815, which establishes accounting and reporting standards for derivative instruments and hedging activities, including certain derivative instruments embedded in other financial instruments or contracts and requires recognition of all derivatives on the balance sheet at fair value, regardless of hedging relationship designation. Accounting for changes in fair value of the derivative instruments depends on whether the derivatives qualify as hedging relationships and the types of relationships designated are based on the exposures hedged. At September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company did not have any derivative instruments that were designated as hedges.
F-11
ALFI, INC.
f/k/a LECTREFY, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019
NOTE 3 SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES – CONTINUED
The Company adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2017-11, Earnings Per Share (Topic 260), Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (Topic 480), Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815). The amendments in Part I of this Update change the classification analysis of certain equity-linked financial instruments (or embedded features) with down round features.
Stock based compensation
We maintain stock equity incentive plans under which we may grant non-qualified stock options, incentive stock options, stock appreciation rights, stock awards, performance and performance-based awards, or stock units to employees, non-employee directors and consultants.
Income Taxes
Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the estimated future tax effects of net operating loss and credit carryforwards and temporary differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their respective financial reporting amounts measured at the current enacted tax rates. The Company records an estimated valuation allowance on its deferred income tax assets if it is more likely than not that these deferred income tax assets will be realized. The Company recognizes a tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the condensed consolidated financial statements from such a position are measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company has not recorded any unrecognized tax benefits. The Company’s policy is to classify assessments, if any, for tax-related interest as interest expense and penalties as general and administrative expenses in the statements of operations. The Company did not recognize any such penalties or interest during the periods presented under this Report.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
There are various updates recently issued, most of which represented technical corrections to the accounting literature or application to specific industries and are not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
Subsequent Events
The Company evaluates events that have occurred after the balance sheet date through February 9, 2021. See Note 13.
NOTE 4 FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The Company measures the fair value of financial assets and liabilities based on the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. The Company also follows a fair value hierarchy, which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value.
F-12
ALFI, INC.
f/k/a LECTREFY, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DECEMBER 31, 2019 AND 2018
NOTE 4 FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The Company measures the fair value of financial assets and liabilities based on the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. The Company also follows a fair value hierarchy, which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value.
ASC 820 describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:
Level 1 — quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities
Level 2 — quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or inputs that are observable
Level 3 — inputs that are unobservable based on an entity’s own assumptions, as there is little, if any, related
market activity (e.g., cash flow modeling inputs based on assumptions).
The risk-free interest rate is the United States Treasury rate on the measurement date having a term equal to the remaining contractual life of the instrument. The volatility is a measure of the amount by which the comparable companies’ share price has fluctuated or is expected to fluctuate. Since the Company’s common stock has not been publicly traded, an average of the historical volatility of comparative companies was used.
Level 3 liabilities are valued using unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology that are significant to the measurement of the fair value of the derivative liabilities. For fair value measurements categorized within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy, the Company’s Chief Financial Officer determines valuation policies and procedures, as applicable.
Level 3 financial liabilities consist of the derivative liabilities for which there is no current market for these securities such that the determination of fair value requires significant judgment or estimation. Changes in fair value measurements categorized within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy are analyzed each period based on changes in estimates or assumptions and recorded as appropriate.
Significant observable and unobservable inputs include stock price, exercise price, annual risk-free rate, term, and expected volatility, and are classified within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy. An increase or decrease in volatility or interest free rate, in isolation, can significantly increase or decrease the fair value of the derivative liabilities. Changes in the values of the derivative liabilities are recorded as a component of other income (expense) on the accompanying consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss.
Non-financial assets that are measured on a non-recurring basis include our intellectual property and property and equipment which are measured using fair value techniques whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate a condition of impairment exists. The estimated fair value of prepaid expenses, accounts payable and accrued expenses approximates their individual carrying amounts due to the short-term nature of these measurements.
NOTE 5 NOTE PAYABLE – RELATED PARTY
During the twelve months ending December 31, 2019, the Company entered into a related party note payable transaction (the “Note”) by advancing cash to the Company for ongoing Alfi product development costs.
Advances under this Note totaled $759,092 and $0 for twelve months ending December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and are classified as a long-term liability on the balance sheet. The Note’s original maturity date was December 31, 2020. An extension to the maturity date was granted by lender to the earlier of June 30, 2021 or the occurrence of certain events, including the closing of this offering.
F-13
ALFI, INC.
f/k/a LECTREFY, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019
NOTE 5 NOTES PAYABLE – RELATED PARTY
During 2019 and 2020, the Company entered into a related party note payable transaction (the “Note”) for cash advances associated with Alfi product development costs.
Advances under this Note totaled $1,974,717 and $350,000 for nine months ending September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and are classified as a currently liability on the balance sheet. The Note’s original maturity date was December 31, 2020. An extension to the maturity date was granted by lender to the earlier of IPO or June 30, 2021 or the occurrence of certain events, including the closing of this offering.
The Note bears a fixed annual interest rate of 5% per year. For the nine months ending September 30, 2020 and 2019, the Company incurred interest expense associated with the Note of $70,803 and $5,013, respectively. Accrued unpaid interest totaled $79,278 and $8,478 at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.
During the periods ended September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company made no repayments to the related party lender on this Note. All advances made by the related party lender on the Note are still owed and outstanding as of the date of this Report.
The total outstanding unpaid principal balance on the Note at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 was $2,571,808 and $759,090, respectively.
On January 15, 2020, as security for the full and prompt payment when due of all indebtedness of the Borrower, created under the Note, existing holders of common stock granted to Lee Aerospace, LLC, a security interest in 2,137,400 shares of Alfi common stock; representing the Note’s collateral. In addition, the Note is secured by a pledge of the Company’s intellectual property.
Additional advances by related parties
During the nine months ending September 30, 2020, the Company received two related party advances totaling approximately $37,000 cash consideration. These related party advances carry no specified repayment term, interest rate, or security interest, and are payable only after holder of the Note referenced above is repaid in full.
During the nine months ending September 30, 2020, the Company purchased approximately 9,600 tablet devices with cash from an unaffiliated third party vendor. Of the 9,600 tablet devices, 7,600 tablets were purchased by a related party on behalf of the Company. Payment terms associated with the approximate 7,600 tablet devices purchased by related party on behalf of the Company requires a fixed repayment of $125 per device, due to related party by Alfi at IPO. There is no stated interest rate or additional repayment terms included therein this tablet purchase agreement. Collateral for the tablet device purchase agreement pledged by the Company to related party include the approximate 7,600 physical tablet hardware devices. Outstanding advances on purchased tablet devices from related party totaled approximately $950,000 and -0- at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.
NOTE 6 INCOME TAXES
The Company files tax returns in the United States (“U.S.”) as a C-corporation in the Federal and Delaware jurisdictions, none of which are subject to examination by taxing authorities given the date of business inception is April 4, 2018.
The Company has recorded no provision for income taxes or accrued a deferred tax asset (or liability) in the consolidated financial statements, on the basis that, although expected, the likelihood of the Company realizing any tax benefit (or liability) in the future cannot be calculated as of the date of this Report. As of the date of this Report, the Company has filed in compliance with all required local, state, and federal tax filings.
F-14
ALFI, INC.
f/k/a LECTREFY, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019
NOTE 7 COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Operating leases
During the periods ending June 30, 2020 and 2019, the Company had two operating leases for office space in Miami, Florida and Belfast, Ireland.
Rent expense under the operating leases totaled approximately $75,000 during the first nine months of fiscal year 2020 and 2019, respectively.
Employee Equity (Stock) Incentive Plan
The Company created an employee stock ownership plan in which, at its sole discretion, may award employees of the Company common stock as an incentive for performance. As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company issued approximately 414,844 and 46,875 common stock options to employees in each period, respectively.
At September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, total unvested common stock options issued to employees under the Company’s employee stock option ownership incentive plan was 461,718 and 46,875, respectively, as of the end of each period. Weighted average strike price per employee stock option is approximately $0.97 per share. Management recorded derivative liability and stock-based compensation expense associated to issuance of employee stock options of $229,712 and $-0- for the nine months ended September 31, 2020 and 2019 respectively.
As of the date of this Report, no shares had vested under the Company’s employee stock compensation plan. Management holds discretionary control of any future release of shares to employees. As of the date of this Report, no employee stock options had vested or were exercised by participants of the plan.
License Agreement
The Company expects to finalize license agreements with customers for its technology services in fiscal year 2021. The Company currently has agreements with rideshare and other businesses for placement of its Software-as-a-service (SaaS) and technology products into tablet devices and smart screens.
Litigation, Claims, and Assessments
The Company may be involved in legal proceedings, claims and assessments arising in the ordinary course of business. Such matters are subject to many uncertainties, and outcomes are not predictable with assurance. There are no such matters as of September 30, 2020.
Related Parties
The Company entered into agreements with related parties during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively (see Note 5).
F-15
ALFI, INC.
f/k/a LECTREFY, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019
NOTE 8 STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
There is not a viable market for the Company’s common stock to determine its fair value; therefore, management estimated the fair value to be utilized in the determining the fair value of issued conversion options. In estimating the fair value, management considered the estimated fair value of assets received in exchange for equity instruments and placement agents’ assessments of the underlying common shares relating to our issuance of our senior convertible debt. Considerable management judgment is necessary to estimate the fair value. Accordingly, actual results could vary significantly from management’s estimates.
In 2018, the Company created a class of Preferred Series A stock (“Preferred stock”). Par value for the Preferred stock is $0.0001 per share and 2,500,000 total shares were authorized under this class of Preferred Series A stock.
During the 1st nine months of fiscal year 2020 and 2019, the Company issued approximately 0 and 1,000,000 shares of Preferred stock for $1.00 per share paid in exchange for cash consideration paid by investor. At September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, total Preferred stock shares issued and outstanding were 2,500,000 at the end of both periods, respectively.
Preferred stockholders have 1st liquidation rights in the event of Company dissolution. The Preferred stock shares convert to common stock at a ratio of 1:1 at the discretion by investor, and have no conversion expiration date or exercise strike price to convert. Preferred stock shares bear no interest or dividend payments to its stockholders. There are no restrictions to convert Preferred stock to common other than holding a legal ownership in the shares.
The Preferred stock has a buyout feature if not converted into common stock by investor. Preferred stock can be bought out by the Company if full return of principle is made to investor ($2,500,000), plus an additional 1x return of capital to investor ($2,500,000).
As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, no Preferred stock shares had been converted into common stock by Preferred stockholders. As of the date of this Report, there have been no sales or transfers of Preferred stock shares outside of their original issuance, as reflected above.
Dividends
Holders of Preferred stock are not entitled to any dividend payment under the subscription agreement, but do have 1st liquidation rights in the event of dissolution of the Company. Holders of common stock are not entitled to any dividend payments, but would receive such payments in the event dividend payments were made to stockholders. Only common stockholders are entitled to receive dividend payments by the Company. There were no dividend
payments made on either class of stock (common or preferred) in 2020 and 2019.
Common Stock
In 2018, the Company created a class of common stock which represented and is collateralized by Alfi’s business operation, intellectual property, and other net assets. Common stock shares have a par value of $0.0001 per share and 15,000,000 shares authorized to issue. On the 1st day of creating the class of common stock, the Company issued approximately 2,500,000 Founders shares to individuals responsible for creating Alfi’s vision and product set.
During fiscal year 2020, the Company issued 25,000 shares of common stock to an unaffiliated third party in exchange for services associated with investment relations and fundraising, and to support the development of revenue producing contracts. Management valued this issuance of common shares as stock-based compensation expense in fiscal year 2020 for approximately $25,000.
Holders of common stock in the Company are entitled to their pro-rational share of ownership in the business as a going concern. Holders of common stock have 2nd liquidation rights to Preferred stockholders in the event of Company dissolution. At September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, there were 2,525,000 and 2,500,000 common shares issued and outstanding, respectively.
F-16
ALFI, INC.
f/k/a LECTREFY, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED
CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DECEMBER 31, 2019 AND 2018
NOTE 8 STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (CONTINUED)
Employee Equity (Stock) Incentive Plan (Continued)
Weighted average strike price per employee stock option is approximately $0.97 per share. Management recorded derivative liability and stock-based compensation expense associated to issuance of employee stock options of $229,712 and $-0- for the nine months ended September 31, 2020 and 2019 respectively. There is not a viable market for the Company’s common stock to determine its fair value; therefore, management estimated the fair value to be utilized in the determining the fair value of issued employee stock conversion options. Considerable management judgment is necessary to estimate the fair value of employee stock options issued employees. Accordingly, actual results could vary significantly from management’s estimates.
As of the date of this Report, no shares had vested under the Company’s employee stock compensation plan. Management holds discretionary control of any future release of shares to employees. As of the date of this Report, no employee stock options had vested or were exercised by participants of the plan.
Stock Option and Warrant Valuation
Stock option and warrant valuation models require the input of highly subjective assumptions. The fair value of stock-based payment awards was estimated using the Black-Scholes option model with a volatility figure derived from an index of historical stock prices for comparable entities. For warrants and stock options issued to non- employees, the Company accounts for the expected life based on the contractual life of the warrants and stock options. For employees, the Company accounts for the expected life of options in accordance with the “simplified” method, which is used for “plain-vanilla” options, as defined in the accounting standards codification. The risk-free interest rate was determined from the implied yields of U.S. Treasury zero-coupon bonds with a remaining life consistent with the expected term of the options.
NOTE 9 PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
Property and equipment balances, net of accumulated depreciation, at June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 were $96,232 and $107,744, respectively, and consist of equipment purchases the Company made for IT server and other depreciable computer hardware assets. These assets were assigned a 5-year average useful life.
The Company incurred depreciation expense of $11,512 and $8,487 for the six month periods ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
A summary of property plant and equipment balances as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 are as follows:
Property and equipment balance at December 31, 2018, net of accumulated depreciation | $ | 73,739 | ||
Additions | 56,171 | |||
Depreciation expense | (22,166 | ) | ||
Property and equipment balance at December 31, 2019, net of accumulated depreciation | $ | 107,744 | ||
Additions | 235,045 | |||
Depreciation expense | (17,151 | ) | ||
Property and equipment balance at September 30, 2020, net of accumulated depreciation | $ | 325,638 |
F-17
ALFI, INC.
f/k/a LECTREFY, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019
NOTE 9 PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT (CONTINUED)
A summary of property plant and equipment balances as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 are as follows:
Property and equipment balance at December 31, 2018, net of accumulated depreciation | $ | 73,739 | ||
Additions | 56,171 | |||
Depreciation expense | (22,166 | ) | ||
Property and equipment balance at December 31, 2019, net of accumulated depreciation | $ | 107,744 | ||
Additions | 235,045 | |||
Depreciation expense | (17,151 | ) | ||
Property and equipment balance at September 30, 2020, net of accumulated depreciation | $ | 325,638 |
Accumulated depreciation for each periods ending September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 totaled $40,503 and $23,352, respectively. The Company incurred no fixed asset dispositions or identified asset impairments during the nine and twelve months ended September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.
NOTE 10 INTANGIBLE ASSETS – INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
Intellectual Property – Patent and Production Costs
The Company's intellectual property includes patent and production costs associated with its technology products (see Note 1). Upon being placed into service July 2020, capitalized patent and production costs and their anticipated useful lives are summarized as follows:
Capitalized Cost |
Useful Life |
|
Patent Acquisition Costs | $650,000 | 15 years |
Production Costs | $3,974,509 | 10 years |
Total Intangible Assets (IP), gross | $4,624,509 |
The Company assigned a 15-year estimated useful life for patent acquisition costs, and a 10-year estimated useful life for technology product production costs. The Company has been awarded a patent and has patents pending with the United States Patent Trademark Office (USPTO). Patents have a legal lifespan of 20 years. Since 2018, the Company has incurred production costs associated with its technology products.
Management’s determination of useful life estimate for patent acquisition costs is reasonable given the statutory periods for patents of 20 years. Management selected a 10-year useful life for production costs as a conservative expectation of the length of time the Company expects its technology product set to produce future cash flows.
A summary of intangible asset balances as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 are as follows:
Intangible asset balance at December 31, 2018, net of accumulated amortization | $ | 1,033,137 | ||
Additions | 2,164,914 | |||
Amortization expense | -0- | |||
Intangible asset balance at December 31, 2019, net of accumulated amortization | $ | 3,198,051 | ||
Additions | 1,426,458 | |||
Amortization expense | (115,612 | ) | ||
Intangible asset balance at September 30, 2020, net of accumulated amortization | $ | 4,508,897 |
The Company recorded $4,624,509 and $3,198,051 intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization, as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.
The Company began recording amortizable expense upon launching its first tablet device smart screen in July 2020.
Amortization expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 were $115,612 and $-0-, respectively.
Accumulated amortization for periods ending September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 were $115,612 and $-0-, respectively. No asset impairment expense or intangible asset dispositions were incurred during fiscal year either period presented under this Report.
Intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization totaled $4,508,897 and $3,198,051 as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.
F-18
ALFI, INC.
f/k/a LECTREFY, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019
NOTE 11 INVENTORY
Tablet Inventory
The Company purchased approximately 9,600 Lenovo tablet hardware inventory devices in 2020 (the “devices”), which are held for placement with rideshare and other businesses. Alfi’s devices represent an incentive-based outreach program by which devices are provided complimentary to rideshare or other businesses that sign up for Alfi’s Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) product. As part of Alfi sales agreements with rideshare and other businesses, devices are provided as a complimentary product in exchange for monetization of the respective set of business consumer’s attention.
The Company records inventory at the lower of cost or fair market value. Devices are accounted for as Inventory on the consolidated balance sheet until they are provided to a rideshare or other businesses. Upon being placed into service for consumer use, the Company expenses Inventory to Cost of Sales.
At September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company had approximately 8,600 and -0- devices on-hand. During the nine and twelve months ended September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company placed approximately 1,000 and -0- devices into service with rideshare or other businesses.
As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, tablet inventory totaled $1,104,000 and $0, respectively. As of September 30, 2020, tablet inventory cost on-hand approximated its fair market value. The Company recorded cost of sales associated with tablet inventory of approximately $152,500 and $-0- as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.
A summary of inventory balances as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 are as follows:
Inventory balance at December 31, 2018, net | $ | -0- | ||
Inventory expensed to cost of sales | -0- | |||
Inventory balance at December 31, 2019, net | $ | -0- | ||
Purchase of inventory | 1,256,500 | |||
Inventory expensed to cost of sales | (152,500 | ) | ||
Inventory balance at September 30, 2020, net | $ | 1,104,000 |
When tablet devices are placed into service with a rideshare or other business, legal ownership transfers to customer. As of September 30, 2020, there were approximately 7,600 tablet device inventory units are held as collateral with a related party (see Note 5).
NOTE 12 OTHER INCOME
During the first nine months of September 30, 2020 and 2019, the Company realized and collected approximately $88,000 and $50,000, respectively, in VAT refund income associated with its wholly owned subsidiary Alfi NI Ltd.. This amount was recorded as other income in the condensed consolidated statement of operations in 2020 and 2019.
In addition to the VAT refund received, during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, the Company also realized and collected approximately $79,088 and $9,500 in development credits associated with its wholly owned subsidiary Alfi NI Ltd.. This amount was recorded as other income in the condensed consolidated statement of operations for 2020 and 2019, respectively.
NOTE 13 SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
Form S-1 offering
Subsequent to September 30, 2020, the Company has engaged legal counsel and established market makers in anticipation of filing a Form S-1 with the Securities and Exchange Commission in fiscal year 2020. The Company plans to raise a minimum of $15,000,000 associated with public offerings summarized by the Form S-1. As of the date of this Report, the Company has not yet filed Form S-1 with the SEC.
F-19
ALFI, INC.
f/k/a LECTREFY, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019
NOTE 13 SUBSEQUENT EVENTS (CONTINUED)
Bridge loan funding
On December 30, 2020, the Company entered into a bridge loan agreement with Lee Aerospace ($1,700,000), Paul Pereira ($250,000) and Dennis McIntosh ($50,000), our CFO in an amount not exceed an aggregate of $2,000,000 and an amount not less than $1,000,000; provided that any advances in excess of $1,000,000 are at the discretion of the lenders. As of the date of this Report, the bridge loan agreement has been signed by all parties and fully funded.
Amounts are to be advanced as requested by us, subject to the satisfaction of customary conditions, on a pro rata basis among the lenders. Amounts outstanding under the bridge loan bear interest at the rate of 18.0% per year. The note matures on the earlier of June 30, 2021 or the occurrence of certain events, including the closing of this offering. In addition, the lenders receive, on a pro rata basis, share of our common stock for each $2.00 advanced by the lenders (the “Lender Shares”). In addition, the lenders received an aggregate of 1,260,023 shares of common stock.
The lender shares are subject to a one year lock-up following completion of this offering. Thereafter, subject to Rule 144, the lenders may sell up to 25% of their shares at one-time and thereafter such shares may only be sold if the selling price is at least 100% of the price per share in this offering and the number of shares sold in such sale , combined with any other sales by such lender, during a 30-day period, represents no more than 10% of the most recent 25-day average trading volume of the Company’s shares.
Employee Equity (Stock) Incentive Plan
Approximately 25,000 additional employee common stock options were issued to employees under the Plan subsequent to September 30, 2020 at an average strike or exercise price of $2.00. As of the date of this Report, total common stock options issued still outstanding to employees were approximately 485,000 shares at an average exercise strike price of approximately $1.33 per share. As of the date of this Report, no employee stock options had vested or were exercised by employees.
Forward stock split
Upon close of this Offering, a 1.2600 to 1 forward stock split becomes effective. As of the date of this Report, the registration statement was not yet effective. Upon effectiveness of registration statement and issuance of new shares in IPO, effects of the forward stock split will be reflected retroactively throughout the financial statements in future reporting periods. Numbers contained in this Report are presented pre-split.
F-20
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
February 9, 2021
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Alfi, Inc.
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Alfi, Inc. (“the Company”) as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for the two years then ended, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the financial statements). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the two years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Consideration of the Company’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern
The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 2 to the financial statements, the Company has a loss from operations and an accumulated deficit. It also intends to fund operations through future financing, of which no assurance can be given that the Company will be successful in raising such capital. These factors raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Management’s plans in regard to these matters are also described in Note 2. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2020
Fort Mill, SC
F-21
Alfi Inc. |
f/k/a Lectrefy, Inc. |
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet |
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2019 | 2018 | |||||||
Assets | ||||||||
Current assets: | ||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 38,890 | 290,336 | ||||||
Prepaid expenses and other | 3,651 | 99,719 | ||||||
Total current assets | 42,541 | 390,055 | ||||||
Property and equipment, net | 107,744 | 73,739 | ||||||
Intangible assets, net | 3,198,051 | 1,033,137 | ||||||
Other assets, net | 7,875 | 11,666 | ||||||
Total assets | 3,356,211 | 1,508,597 | ||||||
Liabilities | ||||||||
Current liabilities | ||||||||
Accounts payable | 23,844 | 10,533 | ||||||
Current portion of long-term debt | 759,090 | - | ||||||
Accrued unpaid interest | 8,478 | - | ||||||
Total current liabilities | 791,412 | 10,533 | ||||||
Long-term debt, net | - | - | ||||||
Total liabilities | 791,412 | 10,533 | ||||||
Stockholders' Equity | ||||||||
Series A preferred stock, $0.0001 par, 2,500,000 and 1,500,000 shares issued | ||||||||
as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. 2,500,000 shares authorized | 2,500,000 | 1,500,000 | ||||||
Common stock, $0.0001 par, 2,500,000 shares issued | ||||||||
as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 respectively. 15,000,000 shares authorized | 250 | 250 | ||||||
Additional paid-in capital | - | - | ||||||
Accumulated surplus (deficit) | 64,549 | (2,186 | ) | |||||
Total stockholders' equity | 2,564,799 | 1,498,064 | ||||||
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | 3,356,211 | 1,508,597 |
See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements
F-22
Alfi, Inc. | |
f/k/a Lectrefy, Inc. | |
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations |
Year ended | Year ended | |||||||
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2019 | 2018 | |||||||
Revenues, net | - | - | ||||||
Cost of revenues, net | - | - | ||||||
Gross margin | - | - | ||||||
Operating expenses | ||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 22,166 | 2,186 | ||||||
Total operating expenses | 22,166 | 2,186 | ||||||
Other income (expense) | ||||||||
Other income | 97,379 | - | ||||||
Interest expense | (8,478 | ) | - | |||||
Total other income (expense) | 88,901 | - | ||||||
Net income (loss) before provision for income taxes | 66,735 | (2,186 | ) | |||||
Provision for income taxes | - | - | ||||||
Net income (loss) after provision or income taxes | 66,735 | (2,186 | ) | |||||
Earnings (loss) per share (EPS) | 0.03 | (0.01 | ) | |||||
Fully dilutive earnings (loss) per share (DEPS) | 0.02 | (0.01 | ) |
See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements
F-23
Alfi, Inc. |
f/k/a Lectrefy, Inc. |
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Changes to Stockholders' Equity |
Series A | Additional | Accumulated | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Preferred Stock | Common Stock | Paid-In | Surplus | Stockholders' | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | Capital | (Deficit) | Equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at April 4, 2018 (date of inception) | - | $ | - | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | ||||||||||||||||
Issuance of series A preferred stock | 1,500,000 | 1,500,000 | - | - | - | - | 1,500,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of common stock | - | - | 2,500,000 | 250 | - | - | 250 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Current year net income (loss) | - | - | - | - | - | (2,186 | ) | (2,186 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2018 | 1,500,000 | $ | 1,500,000 | 2,500,000 | $ | 250 | $ | - | $ | (2,186 | ) | $ | 1,498,064 | |||||||||||||||
Issuance of series A preferred stock | 1,000,000 | $ | 1,000,000 | - | - | - | - | 1,000,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Current year net income | - | - | - | - | - | 66,735 | 66,735 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2019 | 2,500,000 | $ | 2,500,000 | 2,500,000 | $ | 250 | $ | - | $ | 64,549 | $ | 2,564,799 |
See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements
F-24
Alfi, Inc. |
f/k/a Lectrefy, Inc. |
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cashflows |
Year ended | Year ended | |||||||
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2019 | 2018 | |||||||
Operating activities | ||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 66,735 | $ | (2,186 | ) | |||
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: | ||||||||
Depreciation and amortization expense | 22,166 | 2,186 | ||||||
Changes in assets and liabilities: | ||||||||
Prepaid expenses and other assets | 96,068 | (99,719 | ) | |||||
Accounts payable | 13,311 | 10,533 | ||||||
Accrued unpaid interest | 8,478 | - | ||||||
Net cash used in operations | 206,758 | (89,186 | ) | |||||
Investing activities | ||||||||
Acquisition of property, plant, and equipment, net | (52,380 | ) | (87,591 | ) | ||||
Acquisition of intangible assets, net | (2,164,914 | ) | (1,033,137 | ) | ||||
Net cash provided by investing activities | (2,217,294 | ) | (1,120,728 | ) | ||||
Financing activities | ||||||||
Proceeds from related party note payable | 759,090 | - | ||||||
Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock, net | 1,000,000 | 1,500,000 | ||||||
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net | - | 250 | ||||||
Net cash provided by financing activities | 1,759,090 | 1,500,250 | ||||||
Net change in cash and cash equivalents | (251,446 | ) | 290,336 | |||||
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the period | 290,336 | - | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the period | 38,890 | 290,336 |
See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements
F-25
f/k/a LECTREFY, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 2019 AND 2018
NOTE 1 BUSINESS DESCRIPTION BACKGROUND
Alfi, Inc. is a licensed C-corporation formed in Delaware and operates in the technology sector; specifically digital advertising and artificial intelligence. Alfi, Inc. consists of itself and wholly owned subsidiary Alfi, NI Ltd, which comprise the condensed consolidated financial statements. Alfi, NI Ltd is a registered business in Belfast, Ireland. Collectively, the combined consolidated entity is referred to as the “Company” throughout this Report.
The Company’s timeline of events relative to its current formation above began on April 4, 2018 when Lectrefy, Inc., a Florida corporation, was registered. On July 6, 2018, Lectrefy, Inc. of Delaware was formed. On July 11, 2018, Lectrefy, Inc. of Florida’s assets were substantially dissolved and merged into the newly created entity Lectrefy, Inc. of Delaware. On July 25, 2018, Lectrefy Inc. of Delaware was registered operating in the State of Florida as a foreign entity. On January 31, 2020, Lectrefy, Inc. of Delaware’s name was restated to Alfi, Inc., a Delaware C-corporation.
On September 18, 2018, Lectrefy, NI Ltd was formed in Belfast, Ireland. On February 4, 2020, Lectrefy, NI Ltd’s name was restated to Alfi NI Ltd, registered in Belfast, Ireland. On February 13, 2020, Lectrefy Inc. Delaware C-corporation operating in the state of Florida as a foreign entity name was restated as Alfi, Inc.
As of the date of this Report, the Company’s products are fully developed being deployed to its customers. In 2019, the Company’s software product received initial certification compliance with GDPR government regulatory standards, the highest level of privacy compliance certification available in its jurisdiction.
The Company uses artificial intelligence and big data analytics to measure and predict human response. Its computer vision technology is powered by proprietary artificial intelligence, to determine the age, gender, ethnicity, geolocation, and emotion of someone in front of an Alfi-enabled device, such as a tablet or kiosk. Its software can then deliver in real-time, the advertisements to that particular viewer based on the viewer’s demographic and psychographic profile. It delivers the right content, to the right person at the right time in a responsible and ethical manner. By delivering advertisements a viewer wants, the Company provides its advertising customers the viewers they want and the result is higher click through rates, or CTRs and higher CPM, cost per thousand, rates.
The Company has created an enterprise grade, multimedia state-of-the-art computer vision and machine learning platform, generating powerful advertising recommendations and insights. Multiple technologies work together in its software with viewer privacy and reporting objectives as the Company’s two goals. The software uses a facial fingerprinting process to make demographic determinations. As such, the Company makes no attempt to identify the individual in front of the screen. By providing age, gender, ethnicity and geolocation information, brand owners have all of the data they need for meaningful interaction.
The Company solves the problem of providing real time, accurate and rich reporting on customer demographics, usage, interactivity and engagement while never storing any personal identifiable information of its users. No viewer is ever required, or requested by us, to enter any information about themselves on any Alfi-enabled device. Alfi was designed to be fully compliant with all privacy regulations. Alfi is fully compliant with the GDPR, General Data Protection Regulation, in Europe, the CCPA, California Consumer Privacy Act, and HIPAA, the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act.
The Company’s initial focus is to place its Alfi-enabled devices in rideshares and airports.
The Company’s primary activities since inception have been research and development, managing collaborations, and raising capital. As of the date of this Report, the Company has approximately 9,600 tablets either held in inventory or in operation being used by customers.
NOTE 2 GOING CONCERN AND MANAGEMENT’S LIQUIDITY PLANS
As of December 31, 2019, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of $38,890 and has a monthly cash run rate of approximately $150,000. As of the date of this report, the Company has not yet generated substantial revenue from customers and business activity has mainly consisted of cash outflows associated with its capital project. These conditions indicate that there is substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year from the issuance date of the condensed consolidated financial statements.
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The Company plans to file an initial public offering on Form S-1 to raise $15,000,000 and list its common stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market. The anticipated capital raise will include funding for working capital to launch and expand operations in accordance with its business model. However, there can be no assurance that such offering will be successfully completed.
The Company’s primary source of operating funds since inception has been cash proceeds from the private placements of preferred equity and debt securities. The Company intends to raise additional capital through private placements of debt and equity securities, but there can be no assurance that these funds will be available on terms acceptable to the Company or will be sufficient to enable the Company to fully complete its development activities or sustain operations. If the Company is unable to raise sufficient additional funds, it will have to develop and implement a plan to further extend payables, reduce overhead, or scale back its current business plan until sufficient additional capital is raised to support further operations. There can be no assurance that such a plan will be successful.
Accordingly, the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”), which contemplate continuation of the Company as a going concern and the realization of assets and satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. The carrying amounts of assets and liabilities presented in the condensed consolidated financial statements do not necessarily purport to represent realizable or settlement values. The condensed consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustment that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
NOTE 3 SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Consolidation
The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Alfi, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiary. Collectively, these entities make up the condensed consolidated financial statements during the periods presented in this Report. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. At December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company had $38,890 and $290,336 in cash and cash equivalents, respectively.
Inventory
The Company records inventory at the lower of cost or fair market value. At December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company had no inventory on-hand.
Property Plant and Equipment
Property plant and equipment consists of office equipment recorded at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets, which for office equipment is three to five years.
Expenditures for major renewals and betterments that extend the useful lives property and equipment are capitalized. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. Property plant and equipment are tested for asset impairment on no less than a quarterly basis by Management.
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Intangible Assets
The Company recognizes amortizable intangible assets associated with the costs to acquire or cost to complete its technology development projects. Intangible assets are tested for asset impairment on no less than a quarterly basis by Management, of which none were identified during the periods included in this Report.
Concentration of Credit Risk
The Company’s financial instruments that are exposed to a concentration of credit risk is cash. Generally, the Company’s cash in non-interest-bearing accounts may exceed FDIC insurance limits from time to time. The financial stability of these institutions is periodically reviewed by senior Management.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Fair value estimates discussed herein are based upon certain market assumptions and pertinent information available to Management as of December 31, 2019 and 2018. The respective carrying value (net book value) of certain on-balance- sheet financial instruments approximated their fair values. These financial instruments include cash, accounts payable notes payable, fixed assets, and amortizable intangible assets. Fair values approximate carrying values for cash, accounts payable, notes payable, fixed assets, and amortizable intangible assets at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
Common Stock
The Company issued common stock on April 4, 2018 to Founders of 2,500,000 shares. At December 31, 2019 and 2018, outstanding shares of common stock totaled 2,500,000 at the end of each period. The Company incurred no stock buybacks or treasury transactions during the periods included in this report. The Company paid no dividends on common stock issued in 2018 or 2019. The Company accounts for common stock at par value.
Net Income (Loss) per Share of Common Stock
The Company computes basic net loss per share by dividing net income (loss) per share available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period and excludes the effects of any potentially dilutive securities. Diluted earnings per share, if presented, would include the dilution that would occur upon the exercise or conversion of all potentially dilutive securities into common stock using the “treasury stock” and/or “if converted” methods as applicable. The computation of basic and diluted income (loss) per share for the periods ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 (April 4, 2018 date of inception) excludes potentially dilutive securities when their inclusion would be anti- dilutive, or if their exercise prices were greater than the average market price of the common stock during the period.
Potentially dilutive securities excluded from the computation of basic net income (loss) per share as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 are as follows:
2019 | 2018 | |||||||
Convertible Series A Preferred stock | 2,500,000 | 1,500,000 | ||||||
Employee Stock Options | 46,875 | -0- | ||||||
TOTAL | 2,546,875 | 1,500,000 |
A reconciliation of the numerator and denominator for basic and fully dilutive net income (loss) per share is as follows for the periods ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 (April 4, 2018 date of inception), respectively:
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2019 | 2018 | |||||||
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding | 2,500,000 | 2,500,000 | ||||||
Weighted average shares of potentially dilutive securities | 2,527,915 | 1,500,000 | ||||||
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding and potentially dilutive securities | 5,027,915 | 4,000,000 |
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2019 | 2018 | |||||||
Net income (loss) for the period | 66,735 | (2,186 | ) | |||||
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding and potentially dilutive securities | 5,027,915 | 4,000,000 | ||||||
Fully dilutive net income (loss) per share | 0.01 | (0.01 | ) |
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2019 | 2018 | |||||||
Net income (loss) for the period | 66,735 | (2,186 | ) | |||||
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding | 2,500,000 | 2,500,000 | ||||||
Basic net income (loss) per share | 0.03 | (0.01 | ) |
Convertible Instruments
U.S. GAAP requires companies to bifurcate conversion options from their host instruments and account for them as free standing derivative financial instruments according to certain criteria. The criteria include circumstances in which (a) the economic characteristics and risks of the embedded derivative instrument are not clearly and closely related to the economic characteristics and risks of the host contract, (b) the hybrid instrument that embodies both the embedded derivative instrument and the host contract is not re-measured at fair value under otherwise applicable generally accepted accounting principles with changes in fair value reported in earnings as they occur, and (c) a separate instrument with the same terms as the embedded derivative instrument would be considered a derivative instrument. An exception to this rule is when the host instrument is deemed to be conventional.
The Company has determined that the embedded conversion options should not be bifurcated from their host instruments and the Company records, when necessary, discounts to convertible notes for the intrinsic value of conversion options embedded in debt instruments (the beneficial conversion feature) based upon the differences between the fair value of the underlying common stock at the commitment date of the note transaction and the effective conversion price embedded in the note. Debt discounts under these arrangements are amortized over the term of the related debt to their stated date of redemption.
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During the periods ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 (April 4, 2018 date of inception), the Company did not record or issue convertible notes with beneficial conversion features and did not record debt discounts related to beneficial conversion features. In both 2019 and 2018, the Company issued Convertible Series A Preferred stock which has option for stockholders to convert into common stock on a 1:1 basis, and is classified as equity on the balance sheet at December 31, 2019 and 2018. If converted into common stock by Series A stockholders, its fair value would approximate the existing carrying (book) value of the Series A Preferred stock as stated on the balance sheet at the end of December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectfully. Thus, no embedded derivatives were identified on the conversion option of Convertible Series A Preferred stock at December 31, 2019 or 2018, respectively.
Common Stock Purchase Warrants and Other Derivative Financial Instruments
The Company accounts for derivative instruments in accordance with ASC 815, which establishes accounting and reporting standards for derivative instruments and hedging activities, including certain derivative instruments embedded in other financial instruments or contracts and requires recognition of all derivatives on the balance sheet at fair value, regardless of hedging relationship designation. Accounting for changes in fair value of the derivative instruments depends on whether the derivatives qualify as hedging relationships and the types of relationships designated are based on the exposures hedged. At December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company did not have any derivative instruments that were designated as hedges.
Effective January 1, 2018, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2017-11, Earnings Per Share (Topic 260), Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (Topic 480), Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815). The amendments in Part I of this Update change the classification analysis of certain equity-linked financial instruments (or embedded features) with down round features.
Stock based compensation
We maintain stock equity incentive plans under which we may grant non-qualified stock options, incentive stock options, stock appreciation rights, stock awards, performance and performance-based awards, or stock units to employees, non-employee directors and consultants.
Income Taxes
Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the estimated future tax effects of net operating loss and credit carryforwards and temporary differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their respective financial reporting amounts measured at the current enacted tax rates. The Company records an estimated valuation allowance on its deferred income tax assets if it is more likely than not that these deferred income tax assets will be realized. The Company recognizes a tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the condensed consolidated financial statements from such a position are measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. As of December 31, 2019, and 2018 (April 4, 2018 date of inception), the Company has not recorded any unrecognized tax benefits. The Company’s policy is to classify assessments, if any, for tax-related interest as interest expense and penalties as general and administrative expenses in the statements of operations. The Company did not recognize any such penalties or interest during 2019 and 2018 (April 4, 2018 date of inception).
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
There are various updates recently issued, most of which represented technical corrections to the accounting literature or application to specific industries and are not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-07, Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting (“ASU 2018-07”), which primarily aligns the measurement and classification guidance for share-based payments to nonemployees. ASU 2018-07 also clarifies that any share-based payment issued to a customer should be evaluated under ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. ASU 2018-07 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within that fiscal year. The Company has adopted ASU 2018-07 effective January 1, 2019 although the adoption of ASU 2018-07 is not expected to have a material effect on its condensed consolidated financial statements.
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Subsequent Events
The Company evaluates events that have occurred after the balance sheet date through February 9, 2021. See Note 12.
NOTE 4 FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The Company measures the fair value of financial assets and liabilities based on the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. The Company also follows a fair value hierarchy, which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value.
ASC 820 describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:
Level 1 — quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities
Level 2 — quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or inputs that are observable
Level 3 — inputs that are unobservable based on an entity’s own assumptions, as there is little, if any, related market activity (e.g., cash flow modeling inputs based on assumptions).
The risk-free interest rate is the United States Treasury rate on the measurement date having a term equal to the remaining contractual life of the instrument. The volatility is a measure of the amount by which the comparable companies’ share price has fluctuated or is expected to fluctuate. Since the Company’s common stock has not been publicly traded, an average of the historical volatility of comparative companies was used.
Level 3 liabilities are valued using unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology that are significant to the measurement of the fair value of the derivative liabilities. For fair value measurements categorized within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy, the Company’s Chief Financial Officer determines valuation policies and procedures, as applicable.
Level 3 financial liabilities consist of the derivative liabilities for which there is no current market for these securities such that the determination of fair value requires significant judgment or estimation. Changes in fair value measurements categorized within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy are analyzed each period based on changes in estimates or assumptions and recorded as appropriate.
Significant observable and unobservable inputs include stock price, exercise price, annual risk-free rate, term, and expected volatility, and are classified within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy. An increase or decrease in volatility or interest free rate, in isolation, can significantly increase or decrease the fair value of the derivative liabilities. Changes in the values of the derivative liabilities are recorded as a component of other income (expense) on the accompanying consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss.
Non-financial assets that are measured on a non-recurring basis include our intellectual property and property and equipment which are measured using fair value techniques whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate a condition of impairment exists. The estimated fair value of prepaid expenses, accounts payable and accrued expenses approximates their individual carrying amounts due to the short-term nature of these measurements.
NOTE 5 NOTE PAYABLE – RELATED PARTY
During the twelve months ending December 31, 2019, the Company entered into a related party note payable transaction (the “Note”) by advancing cash to the Company for ongoing Alfi product development costs.
Advances under this Note totaled $759,092 and $0 for periods ending December 31, 2019 and 2018 (April 4, 2018 date of inception), respectively, and are classified as a long-term liability on the balance sheet. The Note’s original maturity date was December 31, 2020. An extension to the maturity date was granted by lender to the earlier of IPO or June 30, 2021 or the occurrence of certain events, including the closing of this offering.
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The Note bears a fixed annual interest rate of 5% per year. For the periods ending December 31, 2019 and 2018 (April 4, 2018 date of inception), the Company incurred interest expense associated with the Note of $8,478 and -0-, respectively. Accrued unpaid interest totaled $8,478 and -0- at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
During the periods ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 (April 4, 2018 date of inception), the Company made no repayments to the related party lender on this Note. All advances made by the related party lender during fiscal years 2018 and 2019 are still owed and outstanding as of the date of this Report.
The total outstanding unpaid principal balance of the Note at December 31, 2019 and 2018 was $759,092 and $0, respectively.
On January 15, 2020, as security for the full and prompt payment when due of all indebtedness of the Borrower, created under the Note, existing holders of common stock granted to Lee Aerospace, LLC, a security interest in 2,137,400 shares of Alfi common stock; representing the Note’s collateral. In addition, the Note is secured by a pledge of the Company’s intellectual property.
NOTE 6 INCOME TAXES
The Company files tax returns in the United States (“U.S.”) as a C-corporation in the Federal and Delaware jurisdictions, none of which are subject to examination by taxing authorities given the date of business inception is April 4, 2018.
The Company realized approximately $90,000 in VAT tax refund income in fiscal year 2019. This amount was recorded as other income in the consolidated statement of operations in 2019. No VAT tax refund income was recorded in fiscal year 2018. The Company also earned approximately $9,500 in foreign tax credits associated with the Company’s wholly owned subsidiary Alfi NI Ltd. in 2019.
NOTE 7 COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Operating leases
During the periods ending December 31, 2019 and 2018 (April 4, 2018 date of inception), the Company had two operating leases for office space in Miami, Florida and Belfast, Ireland.
Rent expense under the operating leases totaled approximately $100,000 and $50,000 for the periods ending December 31, 2019 and 2018 (April 4, 2018 date of inception), respectively.
Employee Equity (Stock) Incentive Plan
The Company created an employee stock ownership plan in which, at its sole discretion, may award employees of the Company common stock as an incentive for performance. As of December 31, 2019, and 2018, the Company issued approximately 46,875 and 0 common stock options to employees in each period, respectively. At December 31, 2019 and 2018, total unvested common stock options issued to employees under the Company’s employee stock option ownership incentive plan was 46,875 and 0, respectively, as of the end of each period. Strike price per employee stock option is $0.80 per share. As of the date of this Report, no shares had vested under the Company’s employee stock compensation plan. Management holds discretionary control of any future release of shares to employees.
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License Agreement
The Company expects to finalize license agreements with customers for its technology services in fiscal year 2021. The Company currently has agreements with rideshare and other businesses for placement of its Software-as-a-service (SaaS) and technology products into tablet devices and smart screens.
Litigation, Claims, and Assessments
The Company may be involved in legal proceedings, claims and assessments arising in the ordinary course of business. Such matters are subject to many uncertainties, and outcomes are not predictable with assurance. There are no such matters as of December 31, 2019 or 2018, respectively.
NOTE 8 STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
There is not a viable market for the Company’s common stock to determine its fair value; therefore, management estimated the fair value to be utilized in the determining the fair value of issued conversion options. In estimating the fair value, management considered the estimated fair value of assets received in exchange for equity instruments and placement agents’ assessments of the underlying common shares relating to our issuance of our senior convertible debt. Considerable management judgment is necessary to estimate the fair value. Accordingly, actual results could vary significantly from management’s estimates.
Preferred Stock
In 2018, the Company created a class of Preferred Series A stock (“Preferred stock”). Par value for the Preferred stock is $0.0001 per share and 2,500,000 total shares were authorized under this class of Preferred Series A stock.
During the periods ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 (April 4, 2018 date of inception), the Company issued approximately 1,000,000 and 1,500,000 shares of Preferred stock for $1.00 per share (paid in cash by investor). At December 31, 2019 and 2018, total Preferred stock shares issued and outstanding were 2,500,000 and 1,500,000, respectively.
Preferred stockholders have 1st liquidation rights in the event of Company dissolution. The Preferred stock shares convert to common stock at a ratio of 1:1 and have no conversion expiration date or exercise strike price to convert. Preferred stock shares bear no interest or dividend payments to its stockholders. There are no restrictions to convert Preferred stock to common other than holding a legal ownership in the shares.
As of the end of both periods, no Preferred stock shares had been converted into common stock by Preferred stockholders. As of the date of this Report, there have been no sales or transfers of Preferred stock shares outside of their original issuance, as reflected above.
Dividends
Holders of Preferred stock are not entitled to any dividend payment under the subscription agreement, but do have 1st liquidation rights in the event of dissolution of the Company. Holders of common stock are not entitled to any dividend payments, but would receive such payments in the event dividend payments were made to stockholders. Only common stockholders are entitled to receive dividend payments by the Company. There were no dividend payments made on either class of stock (common or preferred) periods ending December 31, 2019 or 2018 (April 4, 2018 date of inception).
Common Stock
In 2018, the Company created a class of common stock which represented and is collateralized by Alfi’s business operation, intellectual property, and other net assets. Common stock shares have a par value of $0.0001 per share. There are 15,000,000 shares of common stock authorized to issue. On the 1st day of creating the class of common stock, the Company issued approximately 2,500,000 Founders shares to individuals responsible for creating Alfi’s vision and product set.
Holders of common stock in the Company are entitled to their pro-rational share of ownership in the business as a going concern. Holders of common stock have 2nd liquidation rights to Preferred stockholders in the event of Company dissolution. . -0- and 2,500,000 shares of common stock were issued during the periods ending December 31, 2019 and 2018 (April 4, 2018 date of inception), respectively. At December 31, 2019 and 2018, there were 2,500,000 common shares issued and outstanding, respectively.
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Employee Equity (Stock) Incentive Plan
The Company created an employee stock ownership plan in which, at its sole discretion, may award employees of the Company common stock as an incentive for performance. The Company issued employees common stock options totaling approximately 46,875 and 0 during each period ending December 31, 2019 and 2018 (April 4, 2018 period of inception), respectively. At December 31, 2019 and 2018, total options issued, unexercised by employees under the Company’s employee stock ownership incentive plan was 46,875 and 0, respectively. Employee stock options issued to employees have an average exercise price per share of $0.80. None (zero) of the stock options associated with the Plan had vested or been exercised by employees as of December 31, 2019 or 2018, respectively.
Stock Option and Warrant Valuation
Stock option and warrant valuation models require the input of highly subjective assumptions. The fair value of stock-based payment awards was estimated using the Black-Scholes option model with a volatility figure derived from an index of historical stock prices for comparable entities. For warrants and stock options issued to non- employees, the Company accounts for the expected life based on the contractual life of the warrants and stock options. For employees, the Company accounts for the expected life of options in accordance with the “simplified” method, which is used for “plain-vanilla” options, as defined in the accounting standards codification. The risk-free interest rate was determined from the implied yields of U.S. Treasury zero-coupon bonds with a remaining life consistent with the expected term of the options.
NOTE 9 PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
Property and equipment balances, net of accumulated depreciation, at December 31, 2019 and 2018 were $107,744 and $73,739, respectively, and consist of equipment purchases the Company made for IT server and other depreciable computer hardware assets. These assets were assigned a 5-year average useful life.
The Company incurred depreciation expense of $21,166 and $2,186 for periods ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 (April 4, 2018 date of inception), respectively.
A summary of property plant and equipment balances as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 are as follows:
Property and equipment balance at April 18, 2018 (period of inception) | $ | -0- | ||
Additions | 75,925 | |||
Depreciation expense | (2,186 | ) | ||
Property and equipment balance at December 31, 2018 | $ | 73,739 | ||
Additions | 56,171 | |||
Depreciation expense | (22,166 | ) | ||
Property and equipment balance at December 31, 2019 | $ | 107,744 |
Accumulated depreciation at each period ending December 31, 2019 and 2018 totaled $23,352 and $2,186, respectively. The Company incurred no fixed asset dispositions or identified asset impairments during fiscal year 2018 or 2019, respectively.
NOTE 10 INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Intellectual Property- Patent and Production Costs
The Company's intellectual property includes patent and production costs associated with its technology products (see Note 1). During the periods ending December 31, 2019 and 2018 (April 4, 2018 date of inception), the Company incurred $2,164,914 and $1,033,137 in patent and production costs.
As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, patent and production costs associated with Alfi’s technology products had been capitalized, but not yet placed into service. Management will assign useful life and break out amounts in fiscal year 2020 once these assets into service. The Company’s intellectual property assets begin amortizing during fiscal year 2020 (launch date for its technology products).
As of December 31, 2019, and 2018, the amortizable intangible assets noted above had not yet been placed into service. No accumulated amortization or amortization expense was recorded on these assets in either period ending December 31, 2019 or 2018. Accumulated amortization expense for periods ending December 31, 2019 and 2018 were -0-. No asset impairment expense or intangible asset dispositions were incurred during the twelve months ending December 31, 2019 or 2018, respectively.
As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company had recorded $3,198,051 and $1,033,137 capitalized patent and production costs. These assets will be placed into service in fiscal year 2020.
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NOTE 11 OTHER INCOME
During the periods ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 (April 4, 2018 date of inception), the Company realized and collected approximately $90,000 and $-0-, respectively, in VAT refund income associated with its wholly owned subsidiary Alfi NI Ltd.. This amount was recorded as other income in the condensed consolidated statement of operations in 2019 and 2018.
In addition to the VAT refund received, during the periods ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 (April 4, 2018 date of inception), respectively, the Company also realized and collected approximately $9,500 and $-0- in development credits associated with its wholly owned subsidiary Alfi NI Ltd.. This amount was recorded as other income in the condensed consolidated statement of operations.
NOTE 12 SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
Additional advances under related party Note Payable
As of the date of this Report, total balance on the Note Payable from related party (Note 5) was approximately $2,500,000. This is an increase of approximately $1,600,000 from December 31, 2019’s related party Note balance. Proceeds from this Note were used by Alfi for ongoing product development costs and purchase of tablet hardware devices to deploy in fiscal year 2020 based on existing signed contract orders made by customers.
Subsequent to December 31, 2019, on January 15, 2020, as security for the full and prompt payment when due of all indebtedness of the Borrower, created under the related party Note (see Note 5), the founding stockholders of the Company each pledged and granted to Lee Aerospace, LLC, a security interest in a total of 2,137,400 shares of Alfi common stock; representing the Note’s collateral. In addition, the Note is secured by a pledge of the Company’s intellectual property and other assets.
Unit Offering
Subsequent to December 31, 2019, the Company has engaged legal counsel and established market makers in anticipation of filing a Form S-1 with the Securities and Exchange Commission in fiscal year 2020. The Company plans to raise a minimum of $15,000,000 associated with public offering summarized by the Form S-1.
Common stock
Subsequent to December 31, 2019, the Company issued 25,000 shares of common stock in exchange for services associated with investment relations and fundraising, and to support the development of revenue producing contracts.
Tablet inventory
Subsequent to December 31, 2019, the Company purchased 2,000 hardware tablet devices and entered into a purchase agreement for approximately 7,600 hardware tablet devices to deploy to its customers having signed contract orders for Alfi’s products. As of the date of this Report, the Company has started deploying several hundred tablets and still has a majority in inventory to be deployed. The Company anticipates to deploy all 9,600 tablets in fiscal year 2020 based on signed contract orders with customers for well in excess of the 9,600 tablets held in inventory.
Bridge loan funding
On December 30, 2020, the Company entered into a bridge loan agreement with Lee Aerospace ($1,700,000), Paul Pereira ($250,000) and Dennis McIntosh ($50,000), our CFO in an amount not exceed an aggregate of $2,000,000 and an amount not less than $1,000,000; provided that any advances in excess of $1,000,000 are at the discretion of the lenders. As of the date of this Report, the bridge loan agreement has been signed by all parties and fully funded.
Amounts are to be advanced as requested by us, subject to the satisfaction of customary conditions, on a pro rata basis among the lenders. Amounts outstanding under the bridge loan bear interest at the rate of 18.0% per year. The note matures on the earlier of June 30, 2021 or the occurrence of certain events, including the closing of this offering. In addition, the lenders receive, on a pro rata basis, share of our common stock for each $2.00 advanced by the lenders (the “Lender Shares”). In addition, the lenders received an aggregate of 1,260,023 shares of common stock.
The lender shares are subject to a one year lock-up following completion of this offering. Thereafter, subject to Rule 144, the lenders may sell up to 25% of their shares at one-time and thereafter such shares may only be sold if the selling price is at least 100% of the price per share in this offering and the number of shares sold in such sale , combined with any other sales by such lender, during a 30-day period, represents no more than 10% of the most recent 25-day average trading volume of the Company’s shares.
Employee Equity (Stock) Incentive Plan
Subsequent to December 31, 2019, the Company issued approximately 440,000 common stock options to employees at a $1.39 average strike or exercise price. As of the date of this Report, total common stock options issued still outstanding to employees were approximately 485,000 shares at an average exercise strike price of approximately $1.33 per share. As of the date of this Report, no employee stock options had vested or were exercised by employees.
Forward stock split
Upon close of this Offering, a 1.2600 to 1 forward stock split becomes effective. As of the date of this Report, the registration statement was not yet effective. Upon effectiveness of registration statement and issuance of new shares in IPO, effects of the forward stock split will be reflected retroactively throughout the financial statements in future reporting periods. Numbers contained in this Report are presented pre-split.
F-34 |
3,000,000 Shares of Common Stock and
Warrants to Purchase up to 3,000,000 Shares of Common Stock
PROSPECTUS
, 2021
Kingswood Capital Markets
division of Benchmark Investments, Inc.
Through and including _____________ (the 25th day after the date of this offering), all dealers effecting transactions in these securities, whether or not participating in this offering, may be required to deliver a prospectus. This is in addition to a dealer’s obligation to deliver a prospectus when acting as an underwriter and with respect to an unsold allotment or subscription.
PART II
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
Item 13. | Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution |
The following table sets forth the costs and expenses, other than the underwriting discounts and commissions, payable by the registrant in connection with the sale of common stock being registered. All amounts are estimates except for the SEC registration fee, and the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, or FINRA, filing fee.
Item |
Amount to
be paid |
|||
SEC registration fee | $ | 4,937.22 | ||
FINRA filing fee | 2,988.56 | |||
Printing fees and expenses | 60,000 | |||
Legal fees and expenses | 225,000.00 | |||
Accounting fees and expenses | 40,000 | |||
Underwriter’s expenses | 125,000.00 | |||
Transfer agent’s fees and expenses | 5,000 | |||
Miscellaneous fees and expenses | 25,000 | |||
Total | $ | 487,926 |
Item 14. | Indemnification of Directors and Officers |
Section 145 of the DGCL, or Section 145, provides that a Delaware corporation may indemnify any person who was, is or is threatened to be made, party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (other than an action by or in the right of such corporation), by reason of the fact that such person is or was an officer, director, employee or agent of such corporation or is or was serving at the request of such corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation or enterprise. The indemnity may include expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with such action, suit or proceeding, provided such person acted in good faith and in a manner he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the corporation’s best interests and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe that his or her conduct was illegal. A Delaware corporation may indemnify any persons who are, were or are a party to any threatened, pending or completed action or suit by or in the right of the corporation by reason of the fact that such person is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation or enterprise. The indemnity may include expenses (including attorneys’ fees) actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with the defense or settlement of such action or suit, provided such person acted in good faith and in a manner he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the corporation’s best interests, provided that no indemnification is permitted without judicial approval if the officer, director, employee or agent is adjudged to be liable to the corporation. Where an officer or director is successful on the merits or otherwise in the defense of any action referred to above, the corporation must indemnify him against the expenses which such officer or director has actually and reasonably incurred.
Section 145 further authorizes a corporation to purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation or enterprise, against any liability asserted against him and incurred by him in any such capacity, or arising out of his or her status as such, whether or not the corporation would otherwise have the power to indemnify him under Section 145.
Our bylaws provide that we must indemnify our directors and officers to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL and must indemnify against all expenses, liability, and loss incurred in investigating, defending or participating in such proceedings.
As of the date of this prospectus, we have entered into separate indemnification agreements with each of our directors and executive officers. Each indemnification agreement provides, among other things, for indemnification to the fullest extent permitted by law and our bylaws against any and all expenses, judgments, fines, penalties and amounts paid in settlement of any claim. The indemnification agreements provide for the advancement or payment of all expenses to the indemnitee.
II-1
The indemnification rights set forth above shall not be exclusive of any other right which an indemnified person may have or hereafter acquire under any statute, provision of our certificate of incorporation, our bylaws, agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise; provided however in the case of any such amendment or interpretation, only to the extent that such amendment or interpretation permits us to provide broader indemnification rights than we were permitted prior thereto.
Item 15. | Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities |
From August 2018 to April 2019, we issued and sold 2,500,000 shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock to one accredited investor for an aggregate purchase price of $2,500,000.
The sales of the above-described securities were deemed to be exempt from registration under the Securities Act because they were made in reliance upon the exemption from registration provided under Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act and/or Regulation D promulgated thereunder.
On December 30, 2020, we entered into a bridge loan agreement with Lee Aerospace, Inc. ($1,700,000), Paul Pereira ($250,000), our CEO and Dennis McIntosh ($50,000), our CFO in an amount not exceed an aggregate of $2,000,000 and an amount not less than $1,000,000; provided that any advances in excess of $1,000,000 are at the discretion of the lenders. Amounts are to be advanced as requested by us, subject to the satisfaction of customary conditions, on a pro rata basis among the lenders. Amounts outstanding under the bridge loan bear interest at the rate of 18.0% per year. The note matures on the earlier of June 30, 2021 or the occurrence of certain events, including the closing of this offering. In addition, the lenders received, on a pro rata basis, 1,260,023 shares of common stock. This issuance was exempt from registration under Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act and/or Regulation D promulgated thereunder.
Item 16. | Exhibits and financial statement schedules |
(a) Exhibits
Exhibit Description
II-2
21.1 | Subsidiary of the Registrant** |
23.1 | Consent of Slack** |
23.2 | Consent of Opinion of Nelson Mullins Riley & Scarborough LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1) |
24.1 | Power of Attorney (see page II-5 to this registration statement) |
99.1 | Form of Audit Committee Charter** |
99.2 | Form of Compensation Committee Charter** |
99.3 | Form of Nominating and Corporate Governance Charter** |
* | To be filed by amendment |
** | Filed herewith |
Item 17. | Undertakings |
(a) | The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each filing of the registrant’s annual report pursuant to section 13(a) or section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit plan’s annual report pursuant to section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) that is incorporated by reference in the registration statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. |
(b) | Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue. |
(c) | The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes that: |
(1) | For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by the Registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of the time it was declared effective. | |
(2) | For the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. |
II-3
Signatures
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the Registrant has duly caused this Registration Statement on Form S-1 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in Miami Beach, Florida, on February 9, 2021.
ALFI, Inc. | ||
By: | /s/ Paul Pereira | |
Name: Paul Pereira Title: Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board (Principal Executive Officer) |
||
By: | /s/ Dennis McIntosh | |
Name: Dennis McIntosh Title: Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) |
II-4
KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Paul Pereira his/her true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent with full power of substitution and re-substitution, for him/her and in his name, place and stead, in any and all capacities to sign any or all amendments (including, without limitation, post-effective amendments) to this Registration Statement, any related Registration Statement filed pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and any or all pre- or post-effective amendments thereto, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and all other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorney-in-fact and agent, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises, as fully for all intents and purposes as he or she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming that said attorney-in-fact and agent, or any substitute or substitutes for him, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof. Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated have signed this Registration Statement below.
Signature | Title | Date | ||
/s/ Paul Pereira | February 9, 2021 | |||
Paul Pereira | Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board | |||
(Principal Executive Officer) | ||||
/s/ Dennis McIntosh | February 9, 2021 | |||
Dennis McIntosh | Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial | |||
and Accounting Officer) | ||||
/s/ John M. Cook, II | February 9, 2021 | |||
John M. Cook, II | Chief Business Development Officer and Director | |||
/s/ Peter Bordes | Director | February 9, 2021 | ||
Peter Bordes | ||||
/s/ Jim Lee | February 9, 2021 | |||
Jim Lee | Director | |||
/s/ Justin Elkouri | February 9, 2021 | |||
Justin Elkouri | Director | |||
/s/ Allison Ficken | February 9, 2021 | |||
Allison Ficken | Director | |||
/s/ Frank Smith | February 9, 2021 | |||
Frank Smith | Director | |||
/s/ Richard Mowser | February 9, 2021 | |||
Richard Mowser | Director |
II-5
Exhibit 3.1
Delaware | Page 1 |
The First State
I, JEFFREY W. BULLOCK, SECRETARY OF STATE OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE, DO HEREBY CERTIFY THE ATTACHED IS A TRUE AND CORRECT COPY OF THE RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF “LECTREFY INC.”, CHANGING ITS NAME FROM "LECTREFY INC." TO "ALFI, INC.", FILED IN THIS OFFICE ON THE THIRTY-FIRST DAY OF JANUARY, A.D. 2020, AT 5:52 O`CLOCK P.M.
A FILED COPY OF THIS CERTIFICATE HAS BEEN FORWARDED TO THE KENT COUNTY RECORDER OF DEEDS.
6964750 8100 | Authentication: 202307845 | |
SR# 20200730721 | Date: 02-03-20 | |
You may verify this certificate online at corp.delaware.gov/authver.shtml |
State of Delaware
Secretary of State Division of Corporations Delivered 05:52 PM 01/31/2020 FILED 05:52 PM 01/31/2020 SR 20200730721 - File Number 6964750 |
LECTREFY INC.
RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION
(Pursuant to Sections 242 and 245 of the
|
Lectrefy Inc., a corporation organized and existing under and by virtue of the provisions of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the "General Corporation Law"), does hereby certify as follows:
1. The name of this corporation is Lectrefy Inc. and that this corporation was originally incorporated pursuant to the General Corporation Law on July 6, 2018 under the name Lectrefy Inc.
2. The Board of Directors of this corporation duly adopted resolutions proposing to amend and restate the Certificate of Incorporation of this corporation, declaring said amendment and restatement to be advisable and in the best interests of this corporation and its stockholders, and authorizing the appropriate officers of this corporation to solicit the consent of the stockholders therefor, which resolution setting forth the proposed amendment and restatement is as follows:
RESOLVED, that the Certificate of Incorporation of this corporation be amended and restated in its entirety to read as set forth on Exhibit A attached hereto and incorporated herein by this reference.
3. Exhibit A referred to above is attached hereto as Exhibit A and is hereby incorporated herein by this reference. This Restated Certificate of Incorporation was approved by the holders of the requisite number of shares of this corporation in accordance with Section 228 of the General Corporation Law.
4. This Restated Certificate of Incorporation, which restates and integrates and further amends the provisions of this corporation's Certificate of Incorporation, has been duly adopted in accordance with Sections 242 and 245 of the General Corporation Law.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Restated Certificate of Incorporation has been executed by a duly authorized officer of this corporation on this 31st day of January, 2020.
By: | /s/ John M. Cook II | |
John M. Cook II, Chief Financial Officer |
Exhibit A
LECTREFY INC.
RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION
ARTICLE I: NAME.
The name of this corporation is Alfi, Inc. (the "Corporation").
ARTICLE II: REGISTERED OFFICE
The address of the registered office of the Corporation in the State of Delaware is 1012 College Road, Suite 201, Dover, DE 19904, in the City of Dover, County of Kent. The name of its registered agent at such address is Telos Legal Corp.
ARTICLE III: DEFTNTTTONS
As used in this Restated Certificate of Incorporation (this "Restated Certificate"), the following terms have the respective meanings set forth below:
"Board Composition" means that: (i) for so long as there is not a Series Seed Failure to Invest (as defined below), the holders of record of the shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock (as defined below), exclusively and as a separate class, are entitled to elect two (2) directors of the Corporation, and the holders of record of the shares of Common Stock (as defined below), exclusively and as a separate class, shall be entitled to elect two (2) directors of the Corporation; (ii) in the event of a Series Seed Failure to Invest, the holders of record of the shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock, exclusively and as a separate class, are not entitled to elect any directors of the Corporation, and the holders of record of the shares of Common Stock, exclusively and as a separate class, shall be entitled to elect four (4) directors of the Corporation; and (iii) any additional director(s) will be elected by the affirmative vote of a majority of the Series Seed Preferred Stock and Common Stock, voting together as a single class on an as-converted basis. The directors of the Corporation elected by the holders of record of the shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock, as applicable, are referred to herein each as a "Series Seed Director." For administrative convenience, the initial Series Seed Directors also may be appointed by the Board in connection with the approval of the initial issuance of Series Seed Preferred Stock without a separate action by the holders of a majority of Series Seed Preferred Stock. For purposes of this Restated Certificate, a "Series Seed Failure to Invest" shall have the specific meaning set forth in the Series Seed Preferred Stock Investment Agreement, dated as of August 1, 2018 (the "Seed Agreement"), by and among the Corporation, the Purchasers (as defined in the Seed Agreement), and the Key Holders (as defined in the Seed Agreement).
"Original Issue Price" means $1.00 per share for the Series Seed Preferred Stock.
"Requisite Holders" means the holders of at least a majority of the outstanding shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock (voting as a single class on an as-converted basis).
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ARTICLE IV: PURPOSE
The nature of the business or purposes to be conducted or promoted is to engage in any lawful act or activity for which corporations may be organized under the General Corporation Law.
ARTICLE V: AUTHORIZED SHARES
The total number of shares of all classes of stock that the Corporation has authority to issue is Fifteen Million (15,000,000) shares, consisting of (a) Twelve Million Five Hundred Thousand (12,500,000) shares of Common Stock, $0.0001 par value per share ("Common Stock"), and (b) Two Million Five Hundred Thousand (2,500,000) shares of Preferred Stock, $0.0001 par value per share ("Preferred Stock"). The Preferred Stock may be issued from time to time in one or more series, each of such series to consist of such number of shares and to have such terms, rights, powers and preferences, and the qualifications and limitations with respect thereto, as stated or expressed herein. As of the effective date of this Restated Certificate, all shares of the Preferred Stock of the Corporation are hereby designated "Series Seed Preferred Stock".
A. | COMMON STOCK |
The following rights, powers privileges and restrictions, qualifications, and limitations apply to the Common Stock.
1. General The voting, dividend and liquidation rights of the holders of the Common
Stock are subject to and qualified by the rights, powers and privileges of the holders of the Preferred Stock set forth in this Restated Certificate.
Voting The holders of the Common Stock are entitled to one (1) vote for each share of Common Stock held at all meetings of stockholders (and written actions in lieu of meetings). Unless required by applicable law, there shall be no cumulative voting. The number of authorized shares of Common Stock may be increased or decreased (but not below the number of shares thereof then outstanding) by (in addition to any vote of the holders of one or more series of Preferred Stock that may be required by the terms of this Restated Certificate) the affirmative vote of the holders of shares of capital stock of the Corporation representing a majority of the votes represented by all outstanding shares of capital stock of the Corporation entitled to vote, irrespective of the provisions of Section 242(b)(2) of the General Corporation Law.
B. | PREFERRED STOCK |
The following rights, powers and privileges, and restrictions, qualifications and limitations, shall apply to the Preferred Stock. Unless otherwise indicated, references to "Sections" in this Part B of this Article V refer to sections of this Part B.
1. Liquidation, Dissolution, or Winding Up; Certain Mergers, Consolidations and Asset Sales
1.1 Payments to Holders of Preferred Stock In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation or any Deemed Liquidation Event (as defined below), before any payment shall be made to the holders of Common Stock by reason of their ownership thereof, the holders of shares of Preferred Stock then outstanding must be paid out of the funds and assets available for distribution to its stockholders, an amount per share equal to the greater of (a) the Original Issue Price for such share of Preferred Stock, plus any dividends declared but unpaid thereon, or (b) such amount per share as would have been payable had all shares of Preferred Stock been converted into Common Stock pursuant to Section 3 immediately prior to such liquidation, dissolution, winding up or Deemed Liquidation Event. If upon any such liquidation, dissolution, winding up or Deemed Liquidation Event of the Corporation, the funds and assets available for distribution to the stockholders of the Corporation are insufficient to pay the holders of shares of Preferred Stock the full amount to which they are entitled under this Section 1.1, the holders of shares of Preferred Stock will share ratably in any distribution of the funds and assets available for distribution in proportion to the respective amounts that would otherwise be payable in respect of the shares of Preferred Stock held by them upon such distribution if all amounts payable on or with respect to such shares were paid in full.
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1.2 Payments to Holders of Common Stock In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution, winding up or Deemed Liquidation Event of the Corporation, after the payment of all preferential amounts required to be paid to the holders of shares of Preferred Stock as provided in Section 1.1, the remaining funds and assets available for distribution to the stockholders of the Corporation will be distributed among the holders of shares of Common Stock, pro rata based on the number of shares of Common Stock held by each such holder.
1.3 Deemed Liquidation Events
1.3.1 Definition. Each of the following events is a "Deemed Liquidation Event' unless the Requisite Holders elect otherwise by written notice received by the Corporation at least five (5) days prior to the effective date of any such event:
(a) a merger or consolidation in which (i) the Corporation is a constituent party or (ii) a subsidiary of the Corporation is a constituent party, and the Corporation issues shares of its capital stock pursuant to such merger or consolidation, except any such merger or consolidation involving the Corporation or a subsidiary in which the shares of capital stock of the Corporation outstanding immediately prior to such merger or consolidation continue to represent, or are converted into or exchanged for equity securities that represent, immediately following such merger or consolidation, at least a majority, by voting power, of the equity securities of (I) the surviving or resulting party or (2) if the surviving or resulting party is a wholly-owned subsidiary of another party immediately following such merger or consolidation, the parent of such surviving or resulting party; provided that, for the purpose of this Section 1.3.1, all shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of options outstanding immediately prior to such merger or consolidation or upon conversion of Convertible Securities (as defined below) outstanding immediately prior to such merger or consolidation shall be deemed to be outstanding immediately prior to such merger or consolidation and, if applicable, deemed to be converted or exchanged in such merger or consolidation on the same terms as the actual outstanding shares of Common Stock are converted or exchanged; or
(b) the sale, lease, transfer, exclusive license or other disposition, in a single transaction or series of related transactions, by the Corporation or any subsidiary of the Corporation of all or substantially all the assets of the Corporation and its subsidiaries taken as a whole, or, if substantially all of the assets of the Corporation and its subsidiaries taken as a whole are held by such subsidiary or subsidiaries, the sale or disposition (whether by merger or otherwise) of one or more subsidiaries of the Corporation, except where such sale, lease, transfer or other disposition is to the Corporation or one or more wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Corporation.
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1.3.2 Amount Deemed Paid or Distributed The funds and assets deemed paid or distributed to the holders of capital stock of the Corporation upon any such merger, consolidation, sale, transfer or other disposition described in this Section 1.3 will be the cash or the value of the property, rights or securities paid or distributed to such holders by the Corporation or the acquiring person, firm or other entity. The value of such property, rights or securities shall be determined in good faith by the Board.
2. Voting.
2.1 General. On any matter presented to the stockholders of the Corporation for their action or consideration at any meeting of stockholders of the Corporation (or by written consent of stockholders in lieu of meeting), each holder of outstanding shares of Preferred Stock may cast the number of votes equal to the number of whole shares of Common Stock into which the shares of Preferred Stock held by such holder are convertible as of the record date for determining stockholders entitled to vote on such matter. Fractional votes shall not be permitted and any fractional voting rights available on an as-converted basis (after aggregating all shares into which shares of Preferred stock held by each holder could be converted) will be rounded to the nearest whole number (with one-half being rounded upward). Except as provided by applicable law or by the other provisions of this Restated Certificate, holders of Preferred Stock shall vote together with the holders of Common Stock as a single class on an as-converted basis, shall have full voting rights and powers equal to the voting rights and powers of the holders of Common Stock, and shall be entitled, notwithstanding any provision of this Restated Certificate, to notice of any stockholder meeting in accordance with the Bylaws (as defined below).
2.2 Flection of Directors The holders of record of the Corporation's capital stock are entitled to elect directors as described in the Board Composition. Any director elected as provided in the preceding sentence may be removed without cause by the affirmative vote of the holders of the shares of the class, classes or series of capital stock entitled to elect the director or directors, given either at a special meeting of the stockholders duly called for that purpose or pursuant to a written consent of stockholders. At any meeting held for the purpose of electing a director, the presence in person or by proxy of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of the class, classes or series entitled to elect the director constitutes a quorum for the purpose of electing the director.
2.3 Preferred Stock Protective Provisions. At any time when at least One Million (1,000,000) shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock remain outstanding, the Corporation shall not, either directly or indirectly by amendment, merger, consolidation or otherwise, do any of the following without (in addition to any other vote required by applicable law or this Restated Certificate) the written consent or affirmative vote of the Requisite Holders, given in writing or by vote at a meeting (or by written consent of stockholders in lieu of meeting), consenting or voting (as the case may be) separately as a single class:
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(a) alter the rights, powers or privileges of the Preferred Stock set forth in this Restated Certificate or the Bylaws, as then in effect, in a way that adversely affects the Preferred Stock;
(b) increase or decrease the authorized number of shares of any class or series of capital stock;
(c) authorize or create (by reclassification or otherwise) any new class or series of capital stock having rights, powers or privileges set forth in the certificate of incorporation of the Corporation, as then in effect, that are senior to or on a parity with the Series Seed Preferred Stock;
(d) redeem or repurchase any shares of Common Stock or Preferred Stock (other than pursuant to employee or consultant agreements giving the Corporation the right to repurchase shares upon the termination of services pursuant to the terms of the applicable agreement);
(e) declare or pay any dividend or otherwise make a distribution to holders of Preferred Stock or Common Stock;
(f) increase or decrease the number of directors of the Corporation;
(g) liquidate, dissolve or wind-up the business and affairs of the Corporation, effect any Deemed Liquidation Event, or consent, agree or commit to do any of the foregoing without conditioning such consent, agreement or commitment upon obtaining the approval required by this Section 2.3.
Notwithstanding anything herein or otherwise to the contrary, in the event of a Series Seed Failure to Invest, this Section 2.3, including, without limitation, the obligation to obtain such written consent or affirmative vote of the Requisite Holders, immediately shall terminate in its entirety and have no further legal force or effect.
3. Conversion. The holders of the Preferred Stock have the following conversion rights (the "Conversion Rights"):
3.1 Right to Convert.
3.1.1 Conversion Ratio. Each share of Preferred Stock is convertible, at the option of the holder thereof, at any time, and without the payment of additional consideration by the holder thereof, into such number of fully paid and nonassessable shares of Common Stock as is determined by dividing the Original Issue Price for the series of Preferred Stock by the Conversion Price for that series of Preferred Stock in effect at the time of conversion. The "Conversion Price" for each series of Preferred Stock means the Original Issue Price for such series of Preferred Stock, which initial Conversion Price, and the rate at which shares of Preferred Stock may be converted into shares of Common Stock, is subject to adjustment as provided in this Restated Certificate.
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3.1.2 Termination of Conversion Rights Subject to Section 3.3.1 in the case of a Contingency Event herein, in the event of a liquidation, dissolution, or winding up of the Corporation or a Deemed Liquidation Event, the Conversion Rights will terminate at the close of business on the last full day preceding the date fixed for the first payment of any funds and assets distributable on such event to the holders of Preferred Stock.
3.2 Fractional Shares No fractional shares of Common Stock will be issued upon conversion of the Preferred Stock. In lieu of any fractional shares to which the holder would otherwise be entitled, the Corporation shall pay cash equal to such fraction multiplied by the fair market value of a share of Common Stock as determined in good faith by the Board. Whether or not fractional shares would be issuable upon such conversion will be determined on the basis of the total number of shares of Preferred Stock the holder is at the time converting into Common Stock and the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon such conversion.
3.3 Mechanics of Conversion.
3.3.1 Notice of Conversion To voluntarily convert shares of Preferred Stock into shares of Common Stock, a holder of Preferred Stock shall surrender the certificate or certificates for the shares of Preferred Stock (or, if such registered holder alleges that any such certificate has been lost, stolen or destroyed, a lost certificate affidavit and agreement reasonably acceptable to the Corporation to indemnify the Corporation against any claim that may be made against the Corporation on account of the alleged loss, theft or destruction of such certificate), at the office of the transfer agent for the Preferred Stock (or at the principal office of the Corporation if the Corporation serves as its own transfer agent), together with written notice that the holder elects to convert all or any number of the shares of the Preferred Stock represented by the certificate or certificates and, if applicable, any event on which the conversion is contingent (a "Contingency Event'). The conversion notice must state the holder's name or the names of the nominees in which such holder wishes the certificate or certificates for shares of Common Stock to be issued. If required by the Corporation, certificates surrendered for conversion shall be endorsed or accompanied by a written instrument or instruments of transfer, in form reasonably satisfactory to the Corporation, duly executed by the registered holder or such holder's attorney duly authorized in writing. The close of business on the date of receipt by the transfer agent (or by the Corporation if the Corporation serves as its own transfer agent) of the certificates (or lost certificate affidavit and agreement) and notice (or, if later, the date on which all Contingency Events have occurred) will be the time of conversion (the "Conversion Time"), and the shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the shares represented by such certificate shall be deemed to be outstanding of record as of such time. The Corporation shall, as soon as practicable after the Conversion Time, (a) issue and deliver to the holder, or to the holder's nominees, a certificate or certificates for the number of full shares of Common Stock issuable upon the conversion in accordance with the provisions of this Restated Certificate and a certificate for the number (if any) of the shares of Preferred Stock represented by the surrendered certificate that were not converted into Common Stock, (b) pay in cash such amount as provided in Section 3.2 in lieu of any fraction of a share of Common Stock otherwise issuable upon such conversion and (c) pay all declared but unpaid dividends on the shares of Preferred Stock converted.
3.3.2 Reservation of Shares For the purpose of effecting the conversion of the Preferred Stock, the Corporation shall at all times while any share of Preferred Stock is outstanding, reserve and keep available out of its authorized but unissued capital stock, that number of its duly authorized shares of Common Stock as may from time to time be sufficient to effect the conversion of all outstanding Preferred Stock; and, if at any time the number of authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock is not be sufficient to effect the conversion of all then-outstanding shares of the Preferred Stock, then the Corporation shall use its reasonable best efforts to cause such corporate action to be taken as may be necessary to increase its authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock to such number of shares as shall be sufficient for such purposes, including, without limitation, engaging in reasonable best efforts to obtain the requisite stockholder approval of any necessary amendment to this Restated Certificate. Before taking any action that would cause an adjustment reducing the Conversion Price of a series of Preferred Stock below the then-par value of the shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of such series of Preferred Stock, the Corporation shall take any corporate action that may be necessary so that the Corporation may validly and legally issue fully paid and nonassessable shares of Common Stock at such adjusted Conversion Price.
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3.3.3 Effect of Conversion. All shares of Preferred Stock that shall have been surrendered for conversion as provided in this Restated Certificate shall no longer be deemed to be outstanding and all rights with respect to such shares will immediately cease and terminate at the Conversion Time, except only the right of the holders thereof to receive shares of Common Stock in exchange therefor, to receive payment in lieu of any fraction of a share otherwise issuable upon such conversion as provided in Section 3.2, and to receive payment of any dividends declared but unpaid thereon. Any shares of Preferred Stock so converted shall be retired and cancelled and may not be reissued.
3.3.4 No Further Adjustment Upon any conversion of shares of Preferred Stock, no adjustment to the Conversion Price of the applicable series of Preferred Stock will be made with respect to the converted shares for any declared but unpaid dividends on such series of Preferred Stock or on the Common Stock delivered upon conversion.
3.4 Adjustment for Stock Splits and Combinations. If the Corporation at any time or from time to time after the date on which the first share of a series of Preferred Stock is issued by the Corporation (such date referred to herein as the "Original Issue Date" for such series of Preferred Stock) effects a subdivision of the outstanding Common Stock, the Conversion Price for each series of Preferred Stock in effect immediately before that subdivision shall be proportionately decreased so that the number of shares of Common Stock issuable on conversion of each share of that series will be increased in proportion to the increase in the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock outstanding. If the Corporation at any time or from time to time after the Original Issue Date for a series of Preferred Stock combines the outstanding shares of Common Stock, the Conversion Price for each series of Preferred Stock in effect immediately before the combination will be proportionately increased so that the number of shares of Common Stock issuable on conversion of each share of such series shall be decreased in proportion to such decrease in the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock outstanding. Any adjustment under this Section 3.4 becomes effective at the close of business on the date the subdivision or combination becomes effective.
3.5 Adjustment for Certain Dividends and Distributions. If the Corporation at any time or from time to time after the Original Issue Date for a series of Preferred Stock makes or issues, or fixes a record date for the determination of holders of Common Stock entitled to receive, a dividend or other distribution payable on the Common Stock in additional shares of Common Stock, then and in each such event the Conversion Price for such series of Preferred Stock in effect immediately before the event will be decreased as of the time of such issuance or, in the event a record date has been fixed, as of the close of business on such record date, by multiplying such Conversion Price then in effect by a fraction:
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(a) the numerator of which is the total number of shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to the time of the issuance or the close of business on the record date; and
(b) the denominator of which is the total number of shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding immediately before the time of such issuance or the close of business on the record date plus the number of shares of Common Stock issuable in payment of such dividend or distribution.
Notwithstanding the foregoing: (i) if such record date has have been fixed and the dividend is not fully paid or if such distribution is not fully made on the date fixed therefor, such Conversion Price shall be recomputed accordingly as of the close of business on such record date and thereafter such Conversion Price shall be adjusted pursuant to this Section 3.5 as of the time of actual payment of such dividends or distributions; and (ii) no such adjustment shall be made if the holders of such series of Preferred Stock simultaneously receive a dividend or other distribution of shares of Common Stock in a number equal to the number of shares of Common Stock that they would have received if all outstanding shares of such series of Preferred Stock had been converted into Common Stock on the date of the event.
3.6 Adjustments for Other Dividends and Distributions. If the Corporation at any time or from time to time after the Original Issue Date for a series of Preferred Stock shall make or issue, or fix a record date for the determination of holders of Common Stock entitled to receive, a dividend or other distribution payable in securities of the Corporation (other than a distribution of shares of Common Stock in respect of outstanding shares of Common Stock), then and in each such event the Corporation shall make, simultaneously with the distribution to the holders of Common Stock, a dividend or other distribution to the holders of the series of Preferred Stock in an amount equal to the amount of securities as the holders would have received if all outstanding shares of such series of Preferred Stock had been converted into Common Stock on the date of such event
3.7 Adjustment for Reclassification Exchange and Substitution If at any time or from time to time after the Original Issue Date for a series of Preferred Stock the Common Stock issuable upon the conversion of such series of Preferred Stock is changed into the same or a different number of shares of any class or classes of stock of the Corporation, whether by recapitalization, reclassification, or otherwise (other than by a stock split or combination, dividend, distribution, merger or consolidation covered by Sections 3.4, 3.5, 3.6 or 3.8 or by Section 1.3 regarding a Deemed Liquidation Event), then in any such event each holder of such series of Preferred Stock may thereafter convert such stock into the kind and amount of stock and other securities and property receivable upon such recapitalization, reclassification or other change by holders of the number of shares of Common Stock into which such shares of Preferred Stock could have been converted immediately prior to such recapitalization, reclassification or change.
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3.8 Adjustment for Merger or Consolidation. Subject to the provisions of Section 1.3, if any consolidation or merger occurs involving the Corporation in which the Common Stock (but not a series of Preferred Stock) is converted into or exchanged for securities, cash, or other property (other than a transaction covered by Sections 3.5, 3.6 or 3.7), then, following any such consolidation or merger, the Corporation shall provide that each share of such series of Preferred Stock will thereafter be convertible, in lieu of the Common Stock into which it was convertible prior to the event, into the kind and amount of securities, cash, or other property which a holder of the number of shares of Common Stock of the Corporation issuable upon conversion of one share of such series of Preferred Stock immediately prior to the consolidation or merger would have been entitled to receive pursuant to the transaction; and, in such case, the Corporation shall make appropriate adjustment (as determined in good faith by the Board) in the application of the provisions in this Section 3 with respect to the rights and interests thereafter of the holders of such series of Preferred Stock, to the end that the provisions set forth in this Section 3 (including provisions with respect to changes in and other adjustments of the Conversion Price of such series of Preferred Stock) shall thereafter be applicable, as nearly as reasonably may be, in relation to any securities or other property thereafter deliverable upon the conversion of such series of Preferred Stock.
3.9 Certificate as to Adjustments. Upon the occurrence of each adjustment or readjustment of the Conversion Price of a series of Preferred Stock pursuant to this Section 3, the Corporation at its expense shall, as promptly as reasonably practicable but in any event not later than fifteen (15) days thereafter, compute such adjustment or readjustment in accordance with the terms of this Restated Certificate and furnish to each holder of such series of Preferred Stock a certificate setting forth the adjustment or readjustment (including the kind and amount of securities, cash, or other property into which such series of Preferred Stock is convertible) and showing in detail the facts upon which such adjustment or readjustment is based. The Corporation shall, as promptly as reasonably practicable after the written request at any time of any holder of any series of Preferred Stock (but in any event not later than ten (10) days thereafter), furnish or cause to be furnished to such holder a certificate setting forth (a) the Conversion Price of such series of Preferred Stock then in effect and (b) the number of shares of Common Stock and the amount, if any, of other securities, cash, or property which then would be received upon the conversion of such series of Preferred Stock.
3.10 Mandatory Conversion. Upon either (a) the closing of the sale of shares of Common Stock to the public in a firm-commitment underwritten public offering pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or (b) the date and time, or the occurrence of an event, specified by vote or written consent of the Requisite Holders at the time of such vote or consent, voting as a single class on an as-converted basis (the time of such closing or the date and time specified or the time of the event specified in such vote or written consent, the "Mandatory Conversion Time"), (i) all outstanding shares of Preferred Stock will automatically convert into shares of Common Stock, at the applicable ratio described in Section 3.1.1 as the same may be adjusted from time to time in accordance with Section 3 and (ii) such shares may not be reissued by the Corporation.
3.11 Procedural Requirements. The Corporation shall notify in writing all holders of record of shares of Preferred Stock of the Mandatory Conversion Time and the place designated for mandatory conversion of all such shares of Preferred Stock pursuant to Section
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3.10. Unless otherwise provided in this Restated Certificate, the notice need not be sent in advance of the occurrence of the Mandatory Conversion Time. Upon receipt of the notice, each holder of shares of Preferred Stock shall surrender such holder's certificate or certificates for all such shares (or, if such holder alleges that such certificate has been lost, stolen or destroyed, a lost certificate affidavit and agreement reasonably acceptable to the Corporation to indemnify the Corporation against any claim that may be made against the Corporation on account of the alleged loss, theft or destruction of such certificate) to the Corporation at the place designated in such notice, and shall thereafter receive certificates for the number of shares of Common Stock to which such holder is entitled pursuant to this Section 3. If so required by the Corporation, certificates surrendered for conversion shall be endorsed or accompanied by written instrument or instruments of transfer, in form reasonably satisfactory to the Corporation, duly executed by the registered holder or such holder's attorney duly authorized in writing. All rights with respect to the Preferred Stock converted pursuant to Section 3.10, including the rights, if any, to receive notices and vote (other than as a holder of Common Stock), will terminate at the Mandatory Conversion Time (notwithstanding the failure of the holder or holders thereof to surrender the certificates at or prior to such time), except only the rights of the holders thereof, upon surrender of their certificate or certificates (or lost certificate affidavit and agreement) therefor, to receive the items provided for in the next sentence of this Section 3.11. As soon as practicable after the Mandatory Conversion Time and the surrender of the certificate or certificates (or lost certificate affidavit and agreement) for Preferred Stock, the Corporation shall issue and deliver to such holder, or to such holder's nominee(s), a certificate or certificates for the number of full shares of Common Stock issuable on such conversion in accordance with the provisions hereof, together with cash as provided in Section 3.2 in lieu of any fraction of a share of Common Stock otherwise issuable upon such conversion and the payment of any declared but unpaid dividends on the shares of Preferred Stock converted. Such converted Preferred Stock shall be retired and cancelled and may not be reissued as shares of such series, and the Corporation may thereafter take such appropriate action (without the need for stockholder action) as may be necessary to reduce the authorized number of shares of Preferred Stock (and the applicable series thereof) accordingly.
4. Dividends. The Corporation shall declare all dividends pro rata on the Common Stock and the Preferred Stock on a pad passu basis according to the number of shares of Common Stock held by such holders. For this purpose, each holder of shares of Preferred Stock will be treated as holding the greatest whole number of shares of Common Stock then issuable upon conversion of all shares of Preferred Stock held by such holder pursuant to Section 3.
5. Redeemed or Otherwise Acquired Shares. Any shares of Preferred Stock that are redeemed or otherwise acquired by the Corporation or any of its subsidiaries will be automatically and immediately cancelled and retired and shall not be reissued, sold or transferred. Neither the Corporation nor any of its subsidiaries may exercise any voting or other rights granted to the holders of Preferred Stock following any such redemption.
6. Waiver. Any of the rights, powers, privileges and other terms of the Preferred Stock set forth herein may be waived prospectively or retrospectively on behalf of all holders of Preferred Stock by the affirmative written consent or vote of the holders of the Requisite Holders.
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7. Notice of Record Date. In the event:
(a) the Corporation takes a record of the holders of its Common Stock (or other capital stock or securities at the time issuable upon conversion of the Preferred Stock) for the purpose of entitling or enabling them to receive any dividend or other distribution, or to receive any right to subscribe for or purchase any shares of capital stock of any class or any other securities, or to receive any other security; or
(b) of any capital reorganization of the Corporation, any reclassification of the Common Stock of the Corporation, or any Deemed Liquidation Event; or
(c) of the voluntary or involuntary dissolution, liquidation or winding-up of the Corporation, then, and in each such case, the Corporation shall send or cause to be sent to the holders of the Preferred Stock a written notice specifying, as the case may be, (i) the record date for such dividend, distribution, or right, and the amount and character of such dividend, distribution or right, or (ii) the effective date on which such reorganization, reclassification, consolidation, merger, transfer, dissolution, liquidation or winding-up is proposed to take place, and the time, if any is to be fixed, as of which the holders of record of Common Stock (or such other capital stock or securities at the time issuable upon the conversion of the Preferred Stock) will be entitled to exchange their shares of Common Stock (or such other capital stock or securities) for securities or other property deliverable upon such reorganization, reclassification, consolidation, merger, transfer, dissolution, liquidation or winding-up, and the amount per share and character of such exchange applicable to the Preferred Stock and the Common Stock. The Corporation shall send the notice at least twenty (20) days before the earlier of the record date or effective date for the event specified in the notice.
8. Notices. Except as otherwise provided herein, any notice required or permitted by the provisions of this Article V to be given to a holder of shares of Preferred Stock must be mailed, postage prepaid, to the post office address last shown on the records of the Corporation, or given by electronic communication in compliance with the provisions of the General Corporation Law, and will be deemed sent upon such mailing or electronic transmission.
ARTICLE VI: PREEMPTIVE RIGHTS.
No stockholder of the Corporation has a right to purchase shares of capital stock of the Corporation sold or issued by the Corporation except to the extent that such a right may from time to time be set forth in a written agreement between the Corporation and the stockholder.
ARTICLE VII. STOCK REPURCHASES
A distribution can be made without regard to any preferential dividends arrears amount or any preferential rights amount in connection with (i) repurchases of Common Stock issued to or held by employees, officers, directors, or consultants of the Corporation or its subsidiaries upon termination of their employment or services pursuant to agreements providing for the right of said repurchase, (ii) repurchases of Common Stock issued to or held by employees, officers, directors or consultants of the Corporation or its subsidiaries pursuant to rights of first refusal contained in agreements providing for such right, (iii) repurchases of Common Stock or Preferred Stock in connection with the settlement of disputes with any stockholder, or (iv) any other repurchase or redemption of Common Stock or Preferred Stock approved by the holders of Preferred Stock of the Corporation.
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ARTICLE VIII: BYLAW PROVISIONS
A. AMENDMENT OF BYLAWS. Subject to any additional vote required by this Restated Certificate or bylaws of the Corporation (the "Bylaws"), in furtherance and not in limitation of the powers conferred by statute, the Board is expressly authorized to make, repeal, alter, amend and rescind any or all of the Bylaws.
B. NUMBER OF DIRECTORS. Subject to any additional vote required by this Restated Certificate, the number of directors of the Corporation will be determined in the manner set forth in the Bylaws.
C. BALLOT. Elections of directors need not be by written ballot unless the Bylaws so provide.
D. MEETINGS AND BOOKS. Meetings of stockholders may be held within or without the State of Delaware, as the Bylaws may provide. The books of the Corporation may be kept outside the State of Delaware at such place or places as may be designated from time to time by the Board or in the Bylaws.
ARTICLE IX: DIRECTOR LIABILITY
A. LIMITATION. To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, a director of the Corporation shall not be personally liable to the Corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director. If the General Corporation Law or any other law of the State of Delaware is amended after approval by the stockholders of this Article IX to authorize corporate action further eliminating or limiting the personal liability of directors, then the liability of a director of the Corporation shall be eliminated or limited to the fullest extent permitted by the General Corporation Law as so amended. Any repeal or modification of the foregoing provisions of this Article IX by the stockholders will not adversely affect any right or protection of a director of the Corporation existing at the time of, or increase the liability of any director of the Corporation with respect to any acts or omissions of such director occurring prior to, such repeal or modification.
B. INDEMNIFICATION. To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, the Corporation is authorized to provide indemnification of (and advancement of expenses to) directors, officers and agents of the Corporation (and any other persons to which General Corporation Law permits the Corporation to provide indemnification) through Bylaw provisions, agreements with such agents or other persons, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise, in excess of the indemnification and advancement otherwise permitted by Section 145 of the General Corporation Law.
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C. MODIFICATION. Any amendment, repeal, or modification of the foregoing provisions of this Article IX will not adversely affect any right or protection of any director, officer or other agent of the Corporation existing at the time of such amendment, repeal or modification.
ARTICLE X: CORPORATE OPPORTUNITIES.
The Corporation renounces any interest or expectancy of the Corporation in, or in being offered an opportunity to participate in, or in being informed about, an Excluded Opportunity. "Excluded Opportunity" means any matter, transaction or interest that is presented to, or acquired, created or developed by, or which otherwise comes into the possession of, (i) any director of the Corporation who is not an employee of the Corporation or any of its subsidiaries, or (ii) any holder of Preferred Stock or any affiliate, partner, member, director, stockholder, employee, agent or other related person of any such holder, other than someone who is an employee of the Corporation or any of its subsidiaries (a "Covered Person"), unless such matter, transaction or interest is presented to, or acquired, created or developed by, or otherwise comes into the possession of, a Covered Person expressly and solely in such Covered Person's capacity as a director of the Corporation.
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Exhibit 3.2
SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED
OF
ALFI, INC.
Alfi, Inc., a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the State of Delaware (the “Corporation”), hereby certifies as follows:
1. The name of the Corporation is Alfi, Inc. The date of the filing of its original Certificate of Incorporation with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware was July 6, 2018 (the “Original Certificate”).
2. The date of the filing of its Restated Certificate of Incorporation with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware was January 31, 2020 (the “Restated Certificate”).
3. This Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the “Certificate”) amends and restates the Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the “Second Amended and Restated Certificate”), and was duly adopted in accordance with the provisions of Sections 228, 242 and 245 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “DGCL”).
4. The text of the Second Amended and Restated Certificate is hereby amended and restated in its entirety to provide as herein set forth in full.
ARTICLE I
NAME OF THE CORPORATION
The name of the corporation is Alfi, Inc.(the “Corporation”).
ARTICLE II
REGISTERED AGENT
The address of the Corporation’s registered office in the State of Delaware is c/o Telos Legal Corp., 1300 South View Drive, #J-35 in the City of Dover, County of Kent, 19904. The name of its registered agent at such address is Telos Legal Corp.
ARTICLE III
BUSINESS PURPOSE
The nature of the business or purposes to be conducted or promoted by the Corporation is to engage in any lawful act or activity for which corporations may be organized under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “DGCL”).
ARTICLE IV
CAPITAL STOCK
Section 4.01. Authorized Classes of Stock. The total number of shares of stock of all classes of capital stock that the Corporation is authorized to issue is Eighty Eight Million (88,000,000), of which Eighty Million (80,000,000) shares shall be shares of common stock having a par value of $0.0001 per share (“Common Stock”) and Eight Million (8,000,000) shares shall be shares of preferred stock having a par value of $0.0001 per share (“Preferred Stock”).
Section 4.02. Common Stock. Except as otherwise required by law, as provided in this Certificate of Incorporation, and as otherwise provided in the resolution or resolutions, if any, adopted by the board of directors of the Corporation (the “Board of Directors”) with respect to any series of the Preferred Stock, the holders of the Common Stock shall exclusively possess all voting power. Each holder of shares of Common Stock shall be entitled to one vote for each share held by him. Subject to the rights of holders of any series of outstanding Preferred Stock, holders of shares of Common Stock shall have equal rights of participation in the dividends and other distributions in cash, stock, or property of the Corporation when, as and if declared thereon by the Board of Directors from time to time out of assets or funds of the Corporation legally available therefor and shall have equal rights to receive the assets and funds of the Corporation available for distribution to stockholders in the event of any liquidation, dissolution, or winding up of the affairs of the Corporation, whether voluntary or involuntary.
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Section 4.03. Preferred Stock. The Board of Directors is hereby authorized to provide, out of the unissued shares of Preferred Stock, for one or more series of Preferred Stock and, with respect to each such series, to fix the number of shares constituting such series and the designation of such series, the voting powers, if any, of the shares of such series, and the preferences and relative, participating, optional, or other special rights, if any, and any qualifications, limitations, or restrictions thereof, of the shares of such series, as shall be stated in the resolution or resolutions providing for the issuance of such series adopted by the Board of Directors. The authority of the Board with respect to each series of Preferred Stock shall include, but not be limited to, determination of the following:
(a) the designation of the series;
(b) the number of shares of the series;
(c) the dividend rate or rates on the shares of that series, whether dividends will be cumulative, and if so, from which date or dates, and the relative rights of priority, if any, of payment of dividends on shares of that series;
(d) whether the series will have voting rights in addition to the voting rights provided by law, and, if so, the terms of such voting rights;
(e) whether the series will have conversion privileges, and, if so, the terms and conditions of such conversion, including provision for adjustment of the conversion rate in such events as the Board of Directors shall determine;
(f) whether or not the shares of that series shall be redeemable, in whole or in part, at the option of the Corporation or the holder thereof, and if made subject to such redemption, the terms and conditions of such redemption, including the date or dates upon or after which they shall be redeemable, and the amount per share payable in case of redemptions, which amount may vary under different conditions and at different redemption rates;
(g) the terms and amount of any sinking fund provided for the purchase or redemption of the shares of such series;
(h) the rights of the shares of that series in the event of voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution, or winding up of the Corporation, and the relative rights of priority, if any, of payment of shares of that series;
(i) the restrictions, if any, on the issue or reissue of any additional Preferred Stock; and
(j) any other relative rights, preferences, and limitations of that series.
ARTICLE V
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Section 5.01. General Powers. The business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of the Board of Directors.
Section 5.02. Number of Directors; Term of Office. Subject to any rights of the holders of any series of Preferred Stock to elect additional directors under specified circumstances, the number of directors of the Corporation which shall constitute the entire Board of Directors shall as fixed from time to time solely by resolution of a majority of the total number of directors that the Corporation would have if there were no vacancies/in accordance with the by-laws of the Corporation (the “By-Laws”). The Directors shall serve a term until the next annual meeting of the stockholders. At each annual meeting of stockholders, Directors elected to succeed those Directors whose terms expire shall be elected for a term of office to expire at the next annual meeting of stockholders. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Directors elected to each class shall hold office until their successors are duly elected and qualified or until their earlier resignation, death or removal.
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Notwithstanding the foregoing, whenever, pursuant to the provisions of Article IV of this Certificate, the holders of any one or more series of Preferred Stock shall have the right, voting separately as a series or together with holders of other such series, to elect Directors at an annual or special meeting of stockholders, the election, term of office, filling of vacancies and other features of such directorships shall be governed by the terms of this Certificate and any certificate of designations applicable to such series.
Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the affirmative vote of not less than two thirds (2/3) of the outstanding shares of capital stock entitled to vote thereon, and the affirmative vote of not less than two thirds (2/3) of the outstanding shares of each class entitled to vote thereon as a class, shall be required to amend or repeal any provision of this Article V, Section 5.02.
Section 5.03. Newly Created Directorships and Vacancies. Except as otherwise required by law and subject to any rights of the holders of any series of Preferred Stock to elect directors under specified circumstances, any newly created directorships resulting from an increase in the authorized number of directors and any vacancies occurring in the Board of Directors, may be filled solely by the affirmative votes of a majority of the remaining members of the Board of Directors, although less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director. A director so elected shall be elected to hold office until the earlier of the expiration of the term of office of the director whom he or she has replaced, a successor is duly elected and qualified, or the earlier of such director’s death, resignation, or removal.
Section 5.04. Written Ballot. Unless and except to the extent that the By-Laws shall so require, the election of directors of the Corporation need not be by written ballot.
ARTICLE VI
LIMITATION OF LIABILITY; INDEMNIFICATION
Section 6.01. Limitation of Liability. To the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL as it presently exists or may hereafter be amended, a director of the Corporation shall not be personally liable to the Corporation or to its stockholders for monetary damages for any breach of fiduciary duty as a director. No amendment to, modification of, or repeal of this Section 6.01 shall apply to or have any effect on the liability or alleged liability of any director of the Corporation for or with respect to any acts or omissions of such director occurring prior to such amendment.
Section 6.02. Indemnification. The corporation may indemnify to the fullest extent permitted by law as it presently exists or may hereafter be amended any person made or threatened to be made a party to an action or proceeding, whether criminal, civil, administrative, or investigative, by reason of the fact that he, his testator, or intestate is or was a director of the Corporation or any predecessor of the Corporation, or serves or served at any other enterprise as a director at the request of the Corporation or any predecessor to the Corporation. Any amendment, repeal, or modification of this Section 6.02 shall not adversely affect any right or protection hereunder of any person in respect of any act or omission occurring prior to the time of such repeal or modification.
Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the affirmative vote of not less than two thirds (2/3) of the outstanding shares of capital stock entitled to vote thereon, and the affirmative vote of not less than two thirds (2/3) of the outstanding shares of each class entitled to vote thereon as a class, shall be required to amend or repeal any provision of this Article VI.
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ARTICLE VII
STOCKHOLDER ACTION
Section 7.01. Stockholder Consent Prohibition. Subject to the rights of the holders of any series of Preferred Stock, any action required or permitted to be taken by the stockholders of the Corporation must be effected at a duly called annual or special meeting of the stockholders of the Corporation and may not be effected by any consent by such stockholders.
Section 7.02. Special Meetings of Stockholders. Except as otherwise required by law and subject to the rights of the holders of any series of Preferred Stock, special meetings of the stockholders of the Corporation shall be called only by: (i) the Board of Directors acting pursuant to a resolution approved by the affirmative vote of a majority of the Directors then in office; or (ii) the Secretary of the Corporation, following receipt of one or more written demands to call a special meeting of the stockholders from stockholders of record who own, in the aggregate, at least 25% of the voting power of the outstanding shares of the Corporation then entitled to vote on the matter or matters to be brought before the proposed special meeting that complies with the procedures for calling a special meeting of the stockholders as may be set forth in the By-Laws.
ARTICLE VIII
BY-LAWS
Section 8.01. Board of Directors. In furtherance and not in limitation of the powers conferred by law, the Board of Directors is expressly authorized and empowered to adopt, amend, alter, or repeal the By-Laws without any action on the part of the stockholders.
Section 8.02. Stockholders. The stockholders shall also have the power to adopt, amend, alter, or repeal the By-Laws; provided that, in addition to any affirmative vote of the holders of any particular class or series of capital stock of the Corporation required by applicable law or this Certificate of Incorporation, such adoption, amendment, alteration, or repeal shall be approved by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least two thirds (2/3) of the voting power of the shares of the then outstanding voting stock of the Corporation entitled to vote generally in the election of directors, voting together as a single class.
ARTICLE IX
FORUM
Section 9.1 Forum. Unless the Corporation consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware shall be the sole and exclusive forum for any stockholder (including a beneficial owner) to bring (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of the Corporation, (ii) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any director, officer or other employee of the Corporation to the Corporation or the Corporation’s stockholders, (iii) any action asserting a claim against the Corporation, its directors, officers or employees arising pursuant to any provision of the DGCL or this Amended and Restated Certificate or the Bylaws, or (iv) any action asserting a claim against the Corporation, its directors, officers or employees governed by the internal affairs doctrine, except for, as to each of (i) through (iv) above, any claim as to which the Court of Chancery determines that there is an indispensable party not subject to the jurisdiction of the Court of Chancery (and the indispensable party does not consent to the personal jurisdiction of the Court of Chancery within ten days following such determination), which is vested in the exclusive jurisdiction of a court or forum other than the Court of Chancery, or for which the Court of Chancery does not have subject matter jurisdiction. This exclusive forum provision will not apply to suits brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Exchange Act, the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), or any other claim for which the federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction. Section 27 of the Exchange Act creates exclusive federal jurisdiction over all suits brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Exchange Act or the rules and regulations thereunder and Section 22 of the Securities Act creates concurrent jurisdiction for federal and state courts over all suits brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Securities Act or the rules and regulations thereunder. As a result, the exclusive forum provision will not apply to suits brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Exchange Act, the Securities Act, or any other claim for which the federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction.
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Section 9.2 Consent to Jurisdiction. If any action the subject matter of which is within the scope of Section 9.1 is filed in a court other than a court located within the State of Delaware (a “Foreign Action”) in the name of any stockholder, such stockholder shall be deemed to have consented to (i) the personal jurisdiction of the state and federal courts located within the State of Delaware in connection with any action brought in any such court to enforce Section 9.1 (an “FSC Enforcement Action”) and (ii) having service of process made upon such stockholder in any such FSC Enforcement Action by service upon such stockholder’s counsel in the Foreign Action as agent for such stockholder.
Section 9.3 Severability. If any provision or provisions of this Article IX shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable as applied to any person or entity or circumstance for any reason whatsoever, then, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the validity, legality and enforceability of such provisions in any other circumstance and of the remaining provisions of this Article IX (including, without limitation, each portion of any sentence of this Article IX containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable that is not itself held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable) and the application of such provision to other persons or entities and circumstances shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in shares of capital stock of the Corporation shall be deemed to have notice of and consented to the provisions of this Article IX.
ARTICLE X
AMENDMENTS
The Corporation reserves the right to amend, alter, or repeal any provision contained in this Certificate of Incorporation, in the manner now or hereafter prescribed by the laws of the State of Delaware, and all rights conferred herein are granted subject to this reservation; provided however, that notwithstanding any other provision of this Certificate of Incorporation or applicable law that might permit a lesser vote or no vote and in addition to any affirmative vote of the holders of any particular class or series of capital stock of the Corporation required by applicable law or this Certificate of Incorporation, the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the voting power of the shares of the then outstanding voting stock of the Corporation entitled to vote generally in the election of directors, voting together as a single class, shall be required to amend, alter, repeal, or adopt any provisions inconsistent with this Article X of this Certificate of Incorporation.
[Signature Page to Follow]
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THIS CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION is executed as of this [ ]th day of February 2021.
ALFI, INC. | |||
By: | |||
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Exhibit 3.3
BYLAWS
OF
LECTREFY INC.,
A DELAWARE CORPORATION
ARTICLE I
Offices
Section 1.1 Registered Office.
The registered office of Lectrefy Inc. (the “Corporation”) in the State of Delaware shall be as stated in the Corporation’s Certificate of Incorporation, as amended and restated from time to time (the “Certificate of Incorporation”).
Section 1.2 Other Offices.
The Corporation also may have offices at such other places, both within and outside of the State of Delaware, as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine or the business of the Corporation may require.
ARTICLE II
Stockholders’ Meetings
Section 2.1 Place of Meetings.
(a) Meetings of stockholders may be held at such place, either within or outside of this State, as may be designated by or in the manner provided in these Bylaws or, if not so designated, as determined by the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors may, in its sole discretion, determine that the meeting shall not be held at any place, but may instead be held solely by means of remote communication as authorized by paragraph (b) of this Section 2.1.
(b) If authorized by the Board of Directors in its sole discretion, and subject to such guidelines and procedures as the Board of Directors may adopt, stockholders and proxyholders not physically present at a meeting of stockholders may, by means of remote communication:
(1) Participate in a meeting of stockholders; and
(2) Be deemed present in person and vote at a meeting of stockholders
whether such meeting is to be held at a designated place or solely by means of remote communication, provided that (A) the Corporation shall implement reasonable measures to verify that each person deemed present and permitted to vote at the meeting by means of remote communication is a stockholder or proxyholder, (B) the Corporation shall implement reasonable measures to provide such stockholders and proxyholders a reasonable opportunity to participate in the meeting and to vote on matters submitted to the stockholders, including an opportunity to read or hear the proceedings of the meeting substantially concurrently with such proceedings, and (C) if any stockholder or proxyholder votes or takes other action at the meeting by means of remote communication, a record of such vote or other action shall be maintained by the Corporation.
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(c) For purposes of this Section 2.1, “remote communication” shall include:
(1) | Telephone or other voice communications; and | |
(2) | Electronic mail or other form of written or visual electronic communications satisfying the requirements of Section 2.11(b). |
Section 2.2 Annual Meetings.
The annual meetings of the stockholders of the Corporation, for the purpose of election of directors and for such other business as may lawfully come before it, shall be held on such date and at such time as may be designated from time to time by the Board of Directors.
Section 2.3 Special Meetings.
Special meetings of the stockholders of the Corporation may be called, for any purpose or purposes, by either the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the Board of Directors or any of the directors, at any time.
Section 2.4 Notice of Meetings.
(a) Except as otherwise provided by law or the Certificate of Incorporation, written notice of each meeting of stockholders, specifying the place, if any, date and hour and purpose or purposes of the meeting, and the means of remote communication, if any, by which stockholders and proxyholders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such meeting, shall be given not less than 10 nor more than 60 days before the date of the meeting to each stockholder entitled to vote thereat, directed to his address as it appears upon the books of the Corporation; except that where the matter to be acted on is a merger or consolidation of the Corporation or a sale, lease or exchange of all or substantially all of its assets, such notice shall be given not less than 20 nor more than 60 days prior to such meeting.
(b) If at any meeting action is proposed to be taken which, if taken, would entitle shareholders fulfilling the requirements of section 262(d) of the Delaware General Corporation Law to an appraisal of the fair value of their shares, the notice of such meeting shall contain a statement of that purpose and to that effect and shall be accompanied by a copy of that statutory section.
(c) When a meeting is adjourned to another time or place, notice need not be given of the adjourned meeting if the time, place, if any, thereof, and the means of remote communication, if any, by which stockholders and proxyholders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such adjourned meeting, are announced at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken unless the adjournment is for more than thirty days, or unless after the adjournment a new record date is fixed for the adjourned meeting, in which event a notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at the meeting.
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(d) Notice of the time, place and purpose of any meeting of stockholders may be waived in writing, either before or after such meeting, and, to the extent permitted by law, will be waived by any stockholder by his attendance thereat, in person or by proxy. Any stockholder so waiving notice of such meeting shall be bound by the proceedings of any such meeting in all respects as if due notice thereof had been given.
(e) Without limiting the manner by which notice otherwise may be given effectively to stockholders, any notice to stockholders given by the Corporation under any provision of Delaware General Corporation Law, the Certificate of Incorporation, or these Bylaws shall be effective if given by a form of electronic transmission consented to by the stockholder to whom the notice is given. Any such consent shall be revocable by the stockholder by written notice to the Corporation. Any such consent shall be deemed revoked if (i) the Corporation is unable to deliver by electronic transmission two consecutive notices given by the Corporation in accordance with such consent, and (ii) such inability becomes known to the secretary or an assistant secretary of the Corporation or to the transfer agent or other person responsible for the giving of notice; provided, however, the inadvertent failure to treat such inability as a revocation shall not invalidate any meeting or other action. Notice given pursuant to this subparagraph (e) shall be deemed given: (1) if by facsimile telecommunication, when directed to a number at which the stockholder has consented to receive notice; (2) if by electronic mail, when directed to an electronic mail address at which the stockholder has consented to receive notice; (3) if by a posting on an electronic network together with separate notice to the stockholder of such specific posting, upon the later of (A) such posting and (B) the giving of such separate notice; and (4) if by any other form of electronic transmission, when directed to the stockholder. An affidavit of the secretary or an assistant secretary or of the transfer agent or other agent of the Corporation that the notice has been given by a form of electronic transmission shall, in the absence of fraud, be prima facie evidence of the facts stated therein. For purposes of these Bylaws, “electronic transmission” means any form of communication, not directly involving the physical transmission of paper, which creates a record that may be retained, retrieved and reviewed by a recipient thereof, and that may be directly reproduced in paper form by such a recipient through an automated process.
Section 2.5 Quorum and Voting.
(a) At all meetings of stockholders except where otherwise provided by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, the presence, in person or by proxy duly authorized, of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of stock entitled to vote shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. Shares, the voting of which at said meeting have been enjoined, or which for any reason cannot be lawfully voted at such meeting, shall not be counted to determine a quorum at said meeting. In the absence of a quorum, any meeting of stockholders may be adjourned, from time to time, by vote of the holders of a majority of the shares represented thereat, but no other business shall be transacted at such meeting. At such adjourned meeting at which a quorum is present or represented, any business may be transacted which might have been transacted at the original meeting. The stockholders present at a duly called or convened meeting at which a quorum is present may continue to transact business until adjournment, notwithstanding the withdrawal of enough stockholders to leave less than a quorum.
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(b) Except as otherwise provided by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, all action taken by the holders of a majority of the voting power represented at any meeting at which a quorum is present shall be valid and binding upon the Corporation.
Section 2.6 Voting Rights.
(a) Except as otherwise provided by law, only persons in whose names shares entitled to vote stand on the stock records of the Corporation on the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote at said meeting shall be entitled to vote at such meeting. Shares standing in the names of two or more persons shall be voted or represented in accordance with the determination of the majority of such persons, or, if only one of such persons is present in person or represented by proxy, such person shall have the right to vote such shares and such shares shall be deemed to be represented for the purpose of determining a quorum.
(b) Every person entitled to vote or to execute consents shall have the right to do so either in person or by an agent or agents authorized by a written proxy executed by such person or his duly authorized agent, which proxy shall be filed with the Secretary of the Corporation at or before the meeting at which it is to be used. Said proxy so appointed need not be a stockholder. No proxy shall be voted on after three (3) years from its date unless the proxy provides for a longer period. Unless and until voted, every proxy shall be revocable at the pleasure of the person who executed it or of his legal representatives or assigns, except in those cases where an irrevocable proxy permitted by statute has been given.
(c) Without limiting the manner in which a stockholder may authorize another person or persons to act for him as proxy pursuant to subsection (b) of this section, the following shall constitute a valid means by which a stockholder may grant such authority:
(1) A stockholder may execute a writing authorizing another person or persons to act for him as proxy. Execution may be accomplished by the stockholder or his authorized officer, director, employee or agent signing such writing or causing his or her signature to be affixed to such writing by any reasonable means including, but not limited to, by facsimile signature.
(2) A stockholder may authorize another person or persons to act for him as proxy by transmitting or authorizing the transmission of a telephone, telegram, cablegram or other means of electronic transmission to the person who will be the holder of the proxy or to a proxy solicitation firm, proxy support service organization or like agent duly authorized by the person who will be the holder of the proxy to receive such transmission, provided that any such telephone, telegram, cablegram or other means of electronic transmission must either set forth or be submitted with information from which it can be determined that the telephone, telegram, cablegram or other electronic transmission was authorized by the stockholder. Such authorization can be established by the signature of the stockholder on the proxy, either in writing or by a signature stamp or facsimile signature, or by a number or symbol from which the identity of the stockholder can be determined, or by any other procedure deemed appropriate by the inspectors or other persons making the determination as to due authorization.
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If it is determined that such telegrams, cablegrams or other electronic transmissions are valid, the inspectors or, if there are no inspectors, such other persons making that determination shall specify the information upon which they relied.
(d) Any copy, facsimile telecommunication or other reliable reproduction of the writing or transmission created pursuant to subsection (c) of this section may be substituted or used in lieu of the original writing or transmission for any and all purposes for which the original writing or transmission could be used, provided that such copy, facsimile telecommunication or other reproduction shall be a complete reproduction of the entire original writing or transmission.
Section 2.7 Voting Procedures and Inspectors of Elections.
(a) The Corporation shall, in advance of any meeting of stockholders, appoint one or more inspectors to act at the meeting and make a written report thereof. The Corporation may designate one or more persons as alternate inspectors to replace any inspector who fails to act. If no inspector or alternate is able to act at a meeting of stockholders, the person presiding at the meeting shall appoint one or more inspectors to act at the meeting. Each inspector, before entering upon the discharge of his duties, shall take and sign an oath faithfully to execute the duties of inspector with strict impartiality and according to the best of his ability.
(b) The inspectors shall (i) ascertain the number of shares outstanding and the voting power of each, (ii) determine the shares represented at a meeting and the validity of proxies and ballots, (iii) count all votes and ballots, (iv) determine and retain for a reasonable period a record of the disposition of any challenges made to any determination by the inspectors, and (v) certify their determination of the number of shares represented at the meeting and their count of all votes and ballots. The inspectors may appoint or retain other persons or entities to assist the inspectors in the performance of the duties of the inspectors.
(c) The date and time of the opening and the closing of the polls for each matter upon which the stockholders will vote at a meeting shall be announced at the meeting. No ballot, proxies or votes, nor any revocations thereof or changes thereto, shall be accepted by the inspectors after the closing of the polls unless the Court of Chancery upon application by a stockholder shall determine otherwise.
(d) In determining the validity and counting of proxies and ballots, the inspectors shall be limited to an examination of the proxies, any envelopes submitted with those proxies, any information provided in accordance with Sections 211(e) or 212(c)(2) of the Delaware General Corporation Law, or any information provided pursuant to Section 211(a)(2)(B)(i) or (iii) thereof, ballots and the regular books and records of the Corporation, except that the inspectors may consider other reliable information for the limited purpose of reconciling proxies and ballots submitted by or on behalf of banks, brokers, their nominees or similar persons which represent more votes than the holder of a proxy is authorized by the record owner to cast or more votes than the stockholder holds of record. If the inspectors consider other reliable information for the limited purpose permitted herein, the inspectors at the time they make their certification pursuant to subsection (b)(v) of this section shall specify the precise information considered by them including the person or persons from whom they obtained the information, when the information was obtained, the means by which the information was obtained and the basis for the inspectors’ belief that such information is accurate and reliable.
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Section 2.8 List of Stockholders.
The officer who has charge of the stock ledger of the Corporation shall prepare and make, at least ten days before every meeting of stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at said meeting, arranged in alphabetical order, showing the address of and the number of shares registered in the name of each stockholder. The Corporation need not include electronic mail addresses or other electronic contact information on such list. Such list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder for any purpose germane to the meeting for a period of at least 10 days prior to the meeting: (i) on a reasonably accessible electronic network, provided that the information required to gain access to such list is provided with the notice of the meeting, or (ii) during ordinary business hours at the principal place of business of the Corporation. In the event that the Corporation determines to make the list available on an electronic network, the Corporation may take reasonable steps to ensure that such information is available only to stockholders of the Corporation. If the meeting is to be held at a place, then the list shall be produced and kept at the time and place of the meeting during the whole time thereof, and may be inspected by any stockholder who is present. If the meeting is to be held solely by means of remote communication, then the list shall also be open to the examination of any stockholder during the whole time of the meeting on a reasonably accessible electronic network, and the information required to access such list shall be provided with the notice of the meeting.
Section 2.9 Stockholder Proposals at Annual Meetings.
At an annual meeting of the stockholders, only such business shall be conducted as shall have been properly brought before the meeting. To be properly brought before an annual meeting, business must be specified in the notice of meeting (or any supplement thereto) given by or at the direction of the Board of Directors, otherwise properly brought before the meeting by or at the direction of the Board of Directors, or otherwise properly brought before the meeting by a stockholder. In addition to any other applicable requirements for business to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a stockholder, the stockholder must have given timely notice thereof in writing to the Secretary of the Corporation. To be timely a stockholder’s notice must be delivered to or mailed and received at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not less than 45 days nor more than 75 days prior to the date on which the Corporation first mailed its proxy materials for the previous year’s annual meeting of stockholders (or the date on which the Corporation mails its proxy materials for the current year if during the prior year the Corporation did not hold an annual meeting or if the date of the annual meeting was changed more than 30 days from the prior year). A stockholder’s notice to the Secretary shall set forth as to each matter the stockholder proposes to bring before the annual meeting (i) a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the annual meeting and the reasons for conducting such business at the annual meeting, (ii) the name and record address of the stockholder proposing such business, (iii) the class and number of shares of the Corporation which are beneficially owned by the stockholder, and (iv) any material interest of the stockholder in such business.
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Notwithstanding anything in the Bylaws to the contrary, no business shall be conducted at the annual meeting except in accordance with the procedures set forth in Section 2.1 and this Section 2.9, provided, however, that nothing in this Section 2.9 shall be deemed to preclude discussion by any stockholder of any business properly brought before the annual meeting in accordance with said procedure.
The Chairman of an annual meeting shall, if the facts warrant, determine and declare to the meeting that business was not properly brought before the meeting in accordance with the provisions of Section 2.1 and this Section 2.9, and if he should so determine he shall so declare to the meeting, and any such business not properly brought before the meeting shall not be transacted.
Nothing in this Section 2.9 shall affect the right of a stockholder to request inclusion of a proposal in the Corporation’s proxy statement to the extent that such right is provided by an applicable rule of the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Section 2.10 Nominations of Persons for Election to the Board of Directors.
In addition to any other applicable requirements, only persons who are nominated in accordance with the following procedures shall be eligible for election as directors. Nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors of the Corporation may be made at a meeting of stockholders by or at the direction of the Board of Directors, by any nominating committee or person appointed by the Board of Directors or by any stockholder of the Corporation entitled to vote for the election of directors at the meeting who complies with the notice procedures set forth in this Section 2.10. Such nominations, other than those made by or at the direction of the Board of Directors, shall be made pursuant to timely notice in writing to the Secretary of the Corporation. To be timely, a stockholder’s notice must be delivered to or mailed and received at the principal executive offices of the Corporation, not less than 45 days nor more than 75 days prior to the date on which the Corporation first mailed its proxy materials for the previous year’s annual meeting of shareholders (or the date on which the Corporation mails its proxy materials for the current year if during the prior year the Corporation did not hold an annual meeting or if the date of the annual meeting was changed more than 30 days from the prior year). Such stockholder’s notice shall set forth (a) as to each person whom the stockholder proposes to nominate for election or re-election as a director, (i) the name, age, business address and residence address of the person, (ii) the principal occupation or employment of the person, (iii) the class and number of shares of the Corporation which are beneficially owned by the person, and (iv) any other information relating to the person that is required to be disclosed in solicitations for proxies for election of directors pursuant to Rule 14a under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and (b) as to the stockholder giving the notice, (i) the name and record address of the stockholder, and (ii) the class and number of shares of the Corporation which are beneficially owned by the stockholder. The Corporation may require any proposed nominee to furnish such other information as may reasonably be required by the Corporation to determine the eligibility of such proposed nominee to serve as a director of the Corporation. No person shall be eligible for election as a director of the Corporation unless nominated in accordance with the procedures set forth herein. These provisions shall not apply to nomination of any persons entitled to be separately elected by holders of preferred stock. The Chairman of the meeting shall, if the facts warrant, determine and declare to the meeting that a nomination was not made in accordance with the foregoing procedure, and if he should so determine, he shall so declare to the meeting and the defective nomination shall be disregarded.
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Section 2.11 Action Without Meeting.
(a) Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, any action required by statute to be taken at any annual or special meeting of stockholders of the Corporation, or any action which may be taken at any annual or special meeting of such stockholders, may be taken without a meeting, without prior notice and without a vote, if a consent or consents in writing setting forth the action so taken are signed by the holders of outstanding stock having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a meeting at which all shares entitled to vote thereon were present and voted. To be effective, a written consent must be delivered to the Corporation by delivery to its registered office in Delaware, its principal place of business, or an officer or agent of the Corporation having custody of the book in which proceedings of meetings of stockholders are recorded. Delivery made to a Corporation’s registered office shall be by hand or by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested. Every written consent shall bear the date of signature of each stockholder who signs the consent, and no written consent shall be effective to take the corporate action referred to therein unless, within 60 days of the earliest dated consent delivered in the manner required by this Section to the Corporation, written consents signed by a sufficient number of holders to take action are delivered to the Corporation in accordance with this Section. Prompt notice of the taking of the corporate action without a meeting by less than unanimous written consent shall be given to those stockholders who have not consented in writing.
(b) A telegram, cablegram or other electronic transmission consent to an action to be taken and transmitted by a stockholder or proxyholder, or by a person or persons authorized to act for a stockholder or proxyholder, shall be deemed to be written, signed and dated for the purposes of this section, provided that any such telegram, cablegram or other electronic transmission sets forth or is delivered with information from which the Corporation can determine (i) that the telegram, cablegram or other electronic transmission was transmitted by the stockholder or proxyholder or by a person or persons authorized to act for the stockholder or proxyholder, and (ii) the date on which such stockholder or proxyholder or authorized person or persons transmitted such telegram, cablegram or electronic transmission. The date on which such telegram, cablegram or electronic transmission is transmitted shall be deemed to be the date on which such consent was signed. No consent given by telegram, cablegram or other electronic transmission shall be deemed to have been delivered until such consent is reproduced in paper form and until such paper form shall be delivered to the Corporation by delivery to its registered office in this State, its principal place of business or an officer or agent of the Corporation having custody of the book in which proceedings of meetings of stockholders are recorded. Delivery made to a Corporation’s registered office shall be made by hand or by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested. Notwithstanding the foregoing limitations on delivery, consents given by telegram, cablegram or other electronic transmission may be otherwise delivered to the principal place of business of the Corporation or to an officer or agent of the Corporation having custody of the book in which proceedings of meetings of stockholders are recorded if to the extent and in the manner provided by resolution of the Board of Directors of the Corporation.
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(c) Any copy, facsimile or other reliable reproduction of a consent in writing may be substituted or used in lieu of the original writing for any and all purposes for which the original writing could be used, provided that such copy, facsimile or other reproduction shall be a complete reproduction of the entire original writing.
Section 2.12 Waiver of Stockholder Reports.
Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, if the Corporation is subject to Section 1501 of the California General Corporation Law (and any successor statutory provision), then the requirements under Section 1501 of the California General Corporation Law (and any successor statutory provision) are expressly waived to the fullest extent permitted by law.
ARTICLE III
Directors
Section 3.1 Number and Term of Office.
The number of directors of the Corporation constituting the entire Board of Directors shall be determined from time to time by resolutions of the Board of Directors, provided that the Board of Directors shall consist of at least one member. With the exception of the first Board of Directors, which shall be elected by the incorporators, and except as provided in Section 3.3 of this Article III, the directors shall be elected by a plurality vote of the shares represented in person or by proxy, at the stockholders annual meeting in each year and entitled to vote on the election of directors. Elected directors shall hold office until the next annual meeting and until their successors shall be duly elected and qualified. Directors need not be stockholders. If, for any cause, the Board of Directors shall not have been elected at an annual meeting, they may be elected as soon thereafter as convenient at a special meeting of the stockholders called for that purpose in the manner provided in these Bylaws.
Section 3.2 Powers.
The powers of the Corporation shall be exercised, its business conducted and its property controlled by or under the direction of the Board of Directors.
Section 3.3 Vacancies.
Vacancies and newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the authorized number of directors may be filled by a majority of the directors then in office, although less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director, and each director so elected shall hold office for the unexpired portion of the term of the director whose place shall be vacant and until his successor shall have been duly elected and qualified. A vacancy in the Board of Directors shall be deemed to exist under this section in the case of the death, removal or resignation of any director, or if the stockholders fail at any meeting of stockholders at which directors are to be elected (including any meeting referred to in Section 3.4 below) to elect the number of directors then constituting the whole Board.
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Section 3.4 Resignations and Removals.
(a) Any director may resign at any time by delivering his resignation to the Secretary in writing or by electronic transmission, such resignation to specify whether it will be effective at a particular time, upon receipt by the Secretary or at the pleasure of the Board of Directors. If no such specification is made it shall be deemed effective at the pleasure of the Board of Directors. When one or more directors shall resign from the Board effective at a future date, a majority of the directors then in office, including those who have so resigned, shall have power to fill such vacancy or vacancies, the vote thereon to take effect when such resignation or resignations shall become effective, and each director so chosen shall hold office for the unexpired portion of the term of the director whose place shall be vacated and until his successor shall have been duly elected and qualified.
(b) At a special meeting of stockholders called for the purpose in the manner hereinabove provided, the Board of Directors or any individual director may be removed from office, with or without cause, and a new director or directors elected by a vote of stockholders holding a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote at an election of directors.
(c) If the Corporation has cumulative voting for directors, if less than the entire board is to be removed, no director may be removed without cause if the votes cast against his removal would be sufficient to elect him if voted cumulatively at an election of the entire board.
Section 3.5 Meetings.
(a) The annual meeting of the Board of Directors shall be held immediately after the annual stockholders’ meeting and at the place where such meeting is held or at the place announced by the Chairman at such meeting. No notice of an annual meeting of the Board of Directors shall be necessary, and such meeting shall be held for the purpose of electing officers and transacting such other business as may lawfully come before it.
(b) Except as hereinafter otherwise provided, regular meetings of the Board of Directors shall be held in the office of the Corporation required to be maintained pursuant to Section 1.2 of Article I hereof. Regular meetings of the Board of Directors may also be held at any place, within or without the State of Delaware, which has been designated by resolutions of the Board of Directors or the written consent of all directors.
(c) Special meetings of the Board of Directors may be held at any time and place within or without the State of Delaware whenever called by the Chairman of the Board or, if there is no Chairman of the Board, by the Chief Executive Officer or by any of the directors.
(d) Written notice of the time and place of all regular and special meetings of the Board of Directors shall be delivered personally to each director or sent by telegram or facsimile transmission or other form of electronic transmission at least 48 hours before the start of the meeting, or sent by first class mail at least 120 hours before the start of the meeting. Notice of any meeting may be waived in writing at any time before or after the meeting and will be waived by any director by attendance thereat.
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Section 3.6 Quorum and Voting.
(a) A quorum of the Board of Directors shall consist of a majority of the exact number of directors fixed from time to time in accordance with Section 3.1 of Article III of these Bylaws, but not less than one; provided, however, at any meeting whether a quorum be present or otherwise, a majority of the directors present may adjourn from time to time until the time fixed for the next regular meeting of the Board of Directors, without notice other than by announcement at the meeting.
(b) At each meeting of the Board at which a quorum is present, all questions and business shall be determined by a vote of a majority of the directors present, unless a different vote be required by law, the Certificate of Incorporation, or these Bylaws.
(c) Any member of the Board of Directors, or of any committee thereof, may participate in a meeting by means of conference telephone or other communication equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and participation in a meeting by such means shall constitute presence in person at such meeting.
(d) The transactions of any meeting of the Board of Directors, or any committee thereof, however called or noticed, or wherever held, shall be as valid as though had at a meeting duly held after regular call and notice if a quorum be present and if, either before or after the meeting, each of the directors not present shall sign a written waiver of notice, or a consent to holding such meeting, or an approval of the minutes thereof. All such waivers, consents or approvals shall be filed with the corporate records or made a part of the minutes of the meeting.
Section 3.7 Action Without Meeting.
Unless otherwise restricted by the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board of Directors or of any committee thereof may be taken without a meeting, if all members of the Board or of such committee, as the case may be, consent thereto in writing or by electronic transmission, and such writing or writings or electronic transmission or transmissions are filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board or committee. Such filing shall be in paper form if the minutes are maintained in paper form and shall be in electronic form if the minutes are maintained in electronic form.
Section 3.8 Fees and Compensation.
Directors and members of committees may receive such compensation, if any, for their services, and such reimbursement for expenses, as may be fixed or determined by resolution of the Board of Directors.
Section 3.9 Committees.
(a) Executive Committee: The Board of Directors may appoint an Executive Committee of not less than one member, each of whom shall be a director. The Executive Committee, to the extent permitted by law, shall have and may exercise when the Board of Directors is not in session all powers of the Board in the management of the business and affairs of the Corporation, except such committee shall not have the power or authority to amend these Bylaws or to approve or recommend to the stockholders any action which must be submitted to stockholders for approval under the General Corporation Law.
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(b) Other Committees: The Board of Directors may, by resolution passed by a majority of the whole Board, from time to time appoint such other committees as may be permitted by law. Such other committees appointed by the Board of Directors shall have such powers and perform such duties as may be prescribed by the resolution or resolutions creating such committee, but in no event shall any such committee have the powers denied to the Executive Committee in these Bylaws.
(c) Term: The members of all committees of the Board of Directors shall serve a term coexistent with that of the Board of Directors which shall have appointed such committee. The Board, subject to the provisions of subsections (a) or (b) of this Section 3.9, may at any time increase or decrease the number of members of a committee or terminate the existence of a committee; provided that no committee shall consist of less than one member. The membership of a committee member shall terminate on the date of his death or voluntary resignation, but the Board may at any time for any reason remove any individual committee member and the Board may fill any committee vacancy created by death, resignation, removal or increase in the number of members of the committee. The Board of Directors may designate one or more directors as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the committee, and, in addition, in the absence or disqualification of any member of a committee, the member or members thereof present at any meeting and not disqualified from voting, whether or not he or they constitute a quorum, may unanimously appoint another member of the Board of Directors to act at the meeting in the place of any such absent or disqualified member.
(d) Meetings: Unless the Board of Directors shall otherwise provide, regular meetings of the Executive Committee or any other committee appointed pursuant to this Section 3.9 shall be held at such times and places as are determined by the Board of Directors, or by any such committee, and when notice thereof has been given to each member of such committee, no further notice of such regular meetings need be given thereafter; special meetings of any such committee may be held at the principal office of the Corporation required to be maintained pursuant to Section 1.2 of Article I hereof; or at any place which has been designated from time to time by resolution of such committee or by written consent of all members thereof, and may be called by any director who is a member of such committee upon written notice to the members of such committee of the time and place of such special meeting given in the manner provided for the giving of written notice to members of the Board of Directors of the time and place of special meetings of the Board of Directors. Notice of any special meeting of any committee may be waived in writing at any time after the meeting and will be waived by any director by attendance thereat. A majority of the authorized number of members of any such committee shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, and the act of a majority of those present at any meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of such committee.
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ARTICLE IV
Officers
Section 4.1 Officers Designated.
The officers of the Corporation shall be a Chief Executive Officer, a President, a Secretary and a Treasurer (or Chief Financial Officer). The Board of Directors may also appoint a Chairman of the Board, one or more Vice-Presidents, assistant secretaries, assistant treasurers, and such other officers and agents with such powers and duties as it or he shall deem necessary. The order of the seniority of the Vice- Presidents shall be in the order of their nomination unless otherwise determined by the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors may assign such additional titles to one or more of the officers as they shall deem appropriate. Any one person may hold any number of offices of the Corporation at any one time unless specifically prohibited therefrom by law. The salaries and other compensation of the officers of the Corporation shall be fixed by or in the manner designated by the Board of Directors.
Section 4.2 Tenure and Duties of Officers.
(a) General: All officers shall hold office at the pleasure of the Board of Directors and until their successors shall have been duly elected and qualified, unless sooner removed. Any officer elected or appointed by the Board of Directors may be removed at any time by the Board of Directors. If the office of any officer becomes vacant for any reason, the vacancy may be filled by the Board of Directors. Nothing in these Bylaws shall be construed as creating any kind of contractual right to employment with the Corporation.
(b) Duties of the Chief Executive Officer: The Chief Executive Officer shall be the chief executive officer of the Corporation and when present shall preside at all meetings of the stockholders, unless the Chairman of the Board of Directors has been appointed and is present. The Chief Executive Officer shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as the Board of Directors shall designate from time to time.
(c) Duties of President: The President shall perform such duties and have such powers as the Board of Directors shall designate from time to time.
(d) Duties of Vice-Presidents: The Vice-Presidents, in the order of their seniority, may assume and perform the duties of the President in the absence or disability of the President or whenever the office of the President is vacant. The Vice-President shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as the Board of Directors shall designate from time to time.
(e) Duties of Secretary: The Secretary shall attend all meetings of the stockholders and of the Board of Directors and any committee thereof, and shall record all acts and proceedings thereof in the minute book of the Corporation, which may be maintained in either paper or electronic form. The Secretary shall give notice, in conformity with these Bylaws, of all meetings of the stockholders and of all meetings of the Board of Directors and any Committee thereof requiring notice. The Secretary shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as the Board of Directors shall designate from time to time. The Board of Directors may direct any assistant secretary to assume and perform the duties of the Secretary in the absence or disability of the Secretary, and each assistant secretary shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as the Board of Directors shall designate from time to time.
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(f) Duties of Treasurer: The Treasurer shall keep or cause to be kept the books of account of the Corporation in a thorough and proper manner, and shall render statements of the financial affairs of the Corporation in such form and as often as required by the Board of Directors. The Treasurer, subject to the order of the Board of Directors, shall have the custody of all funds and securities of the Corporation. The Treasurer shall perform all other duties commonly incident to his office and shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as the Board of Directors shall designate from time to time. The Board of Directors may direct any assistant treasurer to assume and perform the duties of the Treasurer in the absence or disability of the Treasurer, and each assistant treasurer shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as the Board of Directors shall designate from time to time.
ARTICLE V
Execution of Corporate Instruments,
and
Voting of Securities Owned by the Corporation
Section 5.1 Execution of Corporate Instruments.
(a) The Board of Directors may in its discretion determine the method and designate the signatory officer or officers, or other person or persons, to execute any corporate instrument or document, or to sign the corporate name without limitation, except where otherwise provided by law, and such execution or signature shall be binding upon the Corporation.
(b) Unless otherwise specifically determined by the Board of Directors or otherwise required by law, formal contracts of the Corporation, promissory notes, deeds of trust, mortgages and other evidences of indebtedness of the Corporation, and other corporate instruments or documents requiring the corporate seal, and certificates of shares of stock owned by the Corporation, shall be executed, signed or endorsed by the Chairman of the Board (if there be such an officer appointed) or by the Chief Executive Officer; such documents may also be executed by the President, any Vice-President and by the Secretary or Treasurer or any assistant secretary or assistant treasurer. All other instruments and documents requiring the corporate signature but not requiring the corporate seal may be executed as aforesaid or in such other manner as may be directed by the Board of Directors.
(c) All checks and drafts drawn on banks or other depositaries on funds to the credit of the Corporation or in special accounts of the Corporation shall be signed by such person or persons as the Board of Directors shall authorize so to do.
(d) Execution of any corporate instrument may be effected in such form, either manual, facsimile or electronic signature, as may be authorized by the Board of Directors.
Section 5.2 Voting of Securities Owned by Corporation.
All stock and other securities of other corporations owned or held by the Corporation for itself or for other parties in any capacity shall be voted, and all proxies with respect thereto shall be executed, by the person authorized so to do by resolution of the Board of Directors or, in the absence of such authorization, by the Chairman of the Board (if there be such an officer appointed), or by the Chief Executive Officer, the President or any Vice-President.
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ARTICLE VI
Shares of Stock
Section 6.1 Form and Execution of Certificates.
The shares of the Corporation shall be represented by certificates, provided that the Board of Directors may provide by resolution or resolutions that some or all of any or all classes or series of its stock shall be uncertificated shares. Any such resolution shall not apply to shares represented by a certificate until such certificate is surrendered to the Corporation. Certificates for the shares of stock of the Corporation shall be in such form as is consistent with the Certificate of Incorporation and applicable law. Every holder of stock in the Corporation shall be entitled to have a certificate signed by, or in the name of the Corporation by, the Chairman of the Board (if there be such an officer appointed), or by the Chief Executive Officer, the President or any Vice-President and by the Treasurer or assistant treasurer or the Secretary or assistant secretary, certifying the number of shares owned by him in the Corporation. Any or all of the signatures on the certificate may be a facsimile. In case any officer, transfer agent, or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon a certificate shall have ceased to be such officer, transfer agent, or registrar before such certificate is issued, it may be issued with the same effect as if he were such officer, transfer agent, or registrar at the date of issue. If the Corporation shall be authorized to issue more than one class of stock or more than one series of any class, the powers, designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights of each class of stock or series thereof and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences and/or rights shall be set forth in full or summarized on the face or back of the certificate which the Corporation shall issue to represent such class or series of stock, provided that, except as otherwise provided in section 202 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, in lieu of the foregoing requirements, there may be set forth on the face or back of the certificate which the Corporation shall issue to represent such class or series of stock, a statement that the Corporation will furnish without charge to each stockholder who so requests the powers, designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights of each class of stock or series thereof and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences and/or rights.
Section 6.2 Lost Certificates.
The Board of Directors may direct a new certificate or certificates to be issued in place of any certificate or certificates theretofore issued by the Corporation alleged to have been lost or destroyed, upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the person claiming the certificate of stock to be lost or destroyed. When authorizing such issue of a new certificate or certificates, the Board of Directors may, in its discretion and as a condition precedent to the issuance thereof, require the owner of such lost or destroyed certificate or certificates, or his legal representative, to indemnify the Corporation in such manner as it shall require and/or to give the Corporation a surety bond in such form and amount as it may direct as indemnity against any claim that may be made against the Corporation with respect to the certificate alleged to have been lost or destroyed.
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Section 6.3 Transfers.
Transfers of record of shares of stock of the Corporation shall be made only upon its books by the holders thereof, in person or by attorney duly authorized, and upon the surrender of a certificate or certificates for a like number of shares, properly endorsed.
Section 6.4 Fixing Record Dates.
(a) In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors, and which record date shall not be more than 60 nor less than 10 days before the date of such meeting. If no record date is fixed by the Board of Directors, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which notice is given, or, if notice is waived, at the close of business on the day next preceding the date on which the meeting is held. A determination of stockholders of record entitled notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting; provided, however, that the Board of Directors may fix a new record date for the adjourned meeting.
(b) In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing or by electronic transmission without a meeting, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors, and which date shall not be more than 10 days after the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors. If no record date has been fixed by the Board of Directors, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing or by electronic transmission without a meeting, when no prior action by the Board of Directors is required by the Delaware General Corporation Law, shall be the first date on which a signed written consent or electronic transmission setting forth the action taken or proposed to be taken is delivered to the Corporation by delivery to its registered office in Delaware, its principal place of business, or an officer or agent of the Corporation having custody of the book in which proceedings of meetings of stockholders are recorded; provided that any such electronic transmission shall satisfy the requirements of Section 2.11(b) and, unless the Board of Directors otherwise provides by resolution, no such consent by electronic transmission shall be deemed to have been delivered until such consent is reproduced in paper form and until such paper form shall be delivered to the Corporation by delivery to its registered office in Delaware, its principal place of business or an officer or agent of the Corporation having custody of the book in which proceedings of meetings of stockholders are recorded. Delivery made to the Corporation’s registered office shall be by hand or by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested. If no record date has been fixed by the Board of Directors and prior action by the Board of Directors is required by law, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing or by electronic transmission without a meeting shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board of Directors adopts the resolution taking such prior action.
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(c) In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights or the stockholders entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock, or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted, and which record date shall be not more than 60 days prior to such action. If no record date is fixed, the record date for determining stockholders for any such purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board of Directors adopts the resolution relating thereto.
Section 6.5 Registered Stockholders.
The Corporation shall be entitled to recognize the exclusive right of a person registered on its books as the owner of shares to receive dividends and to vote as such owner, and shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in such share or shares on the part of any other person, whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by the laws of Delaware.
ARTICLE VII
Other Securities of the Corporation
All bonds, debentures and other corporate securities of the Corporation, other than stock certificates, may be signed by the Chairman of the Board (if there be such an officer appointed), the Chief Executive Officer, the President or any Vice-President or such other person as may be authorized by the Board of Directors and the corporate seal impressed thereon or a facsimile of such seal imprinted thereon and attested by the signature of the Secretary or an assistant secretary, or the Treasurer or an assistant treasurer; provided, however, that where any such bond, debenture or other corporate security shall be authenticated by the manual signature of a trustee under an indenture pursuant to which such bond, debenture or other corporate security shall be issued, the signature of the persons signing and attesting the corporate seal on such bond, debenture or other corporate security may be the imprinted facsimile of the signatures of such persons. Interest coupons appertaining to any such bond, debenture or other corporate security, authenticated by a trustee as aforesaid, shall be signed by the Treasurer or an assistant treasurer of the Corporation, or such other person as may be authorized by the Board of Directors, or bear imprinted thereon the facsimile signature of such person. In case any officer who shall have signed or attested any bond, debenture or other corporate security, or whose facsimile signature shall appear thereon has ceased to be an officer of the Corporation before the bond, debenture or other corporate security so signed or attested shall have been delivered, such bond, debenture or other corporate security nevertheless may be adopted by the Corporation and issued and delivered as though the person who signed the same or whose facsimile signature shall have been used thereon had not ceased to be such officer of the Corporation.
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ARTICLE VIII
Indemnification of Officers and Directors Section 8.1 Right to Indemnification.
Each person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to or is involved (as a party, witness, or otherwise), in any threatened, pending, or completed action, suit, or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative, or investigative (hereinafter a “Proceeding”), by reason of the fact that he, or a person of whom he is the legal representative, is or was a director or officer of the Corporation or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director or officer of another corporation or of a partnership, joint venture, trust, or other enterprise, including service with respect to employee benefit plans, whether the basis of the Proceeding is alleged action in an official capacity as a director, or officer or in any other capacity while serving as a director or officer (hereinafter an “Agent”), shall be indemnified and held harmless by the Corporation to the fullest extent authorized by the Delaware General Corporation Law, as the same exists or may hereafter be amended or interpreted (but, in the case of any such amendment or interpretation, only to the extent that such amendment or interpretation permits the Corporation to provide broader indemnification rights than were permitted prior thereto) against all expenses, liability, and loss (including attorneys’ fees, judgments, fines, ERISA excise taxes or penalties, and amounts paid or to be paid in settlement, and any interest, assessments, or other charges imposed thereon, and any federal, state, local, or foreign taxes imposed on any Agent as a result of the actual or deemed receipt of any payments under this Article) reasonably incurred or suffered by such person in connection with investigating, defending, being a witness in, or participating in (including on appeal), or preparing for any of the foregoing in, any Proceeding (hereinafter “Expenses”); provided, however, that except as to actions to enforce indemnification rights pursuant to Section 8.3 of this Article, the Corporation shall indemnify any Agent seeking indemnification in connection with a Proceeding (or part thereof) initiated by such person only if the Proceeding (or part thereof) was authorized by the Board of Directors of the Corporation. The right to indemnification conferred in this Article shall be a contract right.
Section 8.2 Authority to Advance Expenses.
Expenses incurred by an officer or director (acting in his capacity as such) in defending a Proceeding shall be paid by the Corporation in advance of the final disposition of such Proceeding, provided, however, that if required by the Delaware General Corporation Law, as amended, such Expenses shall be advanced only upon delivery to the Corporation of an undertaking by or on behalf of such director or officer to repay such amount if it shall ultimately be determined that he is not entitled to be indemnified by the Corporation as authorized in this Article or otherwise. Expenses incurred by other agents of the Corporation (or by the directors or officers not acting in their capacity as such, including service with respect to employee benefit plans) may be advanced upon such terms and conditions as the Board of Directors deems appropriate. Any obligation to reimburse the Corporation for Expense advances shall be unsecured and no interest shall be charged thereon.
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Section 8.3 Right of Claimant to Bring Suit.
If a claim under Section 8.1 or 8.2 of this Article is not paid in full by the Corporation within 45 days after a written claim has been received by the Corporation, the claimant may at any time thereafter bring suit against the Corporation to recover the unpaid amount of the claim and, if successful in whole or in part, the claimant shall be entitled to be paid also the expense (including attorneys’ fees) of prosecuting such claim. It shall be a defense to any such action (other than an action brought to enforce a claim for expenses incurred in defending a Proceeding in advance of its final disposition where the required undertaking has been tendered to the Corporation) that the claimant has not met the standards of conduct that make it permissible under the Delaware General Corporation Law for the Corporation to indemnify the claimant for the amount claimed. The burden of proving such a defense shall be on the Corporation. Neither the failure of the Corporation (including its Board of Directors, independent legal counsel, or its stockholders) to have made a determination prior to the commencement of such action that indemnification of the claimant is proper under the circumstances because he has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in the Delaware General Corporation Law, nor an actual determination by the Corporation (including its Board of Directors, independent legal counsel, or its stockholders) that the claimant had not met such applicable standard of conduct, shall be a defense to the action or create a presumption that claimant has not met the applicable standard of conduct.
Section 8.4 Provisions Nonexclusive.
The rights conferred on any person by this Article shall not be exclusive of any other rights that such person may have or hereafter acquire under any statute, provision of the Certificate of Incorporation, agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors, or otherwise, both as to action in an official capacity and as to action in another capacity while holding such office. To the extent that any provision of the Certificate of Incorporation, agreement, or vote of the stockholders or disinterested directors is inconsistent with these Bylaws, the provision, agreement, or vote shall take precedence, but only to the extent that the provision, agreement, or vote provides greater rights to such person than the rights conferred on such person by this Article.
Section 8.5 Authority to Insure.
The Corporation may purchase and maintain insurance to protect itself and any Agent against any Expense, whether or not the Corporation would have the power to indemnify the Agent against such Expense under applicable law or the provisions of this Article.
Section 8.6 Survival of Rights.
The rights provided by this Article shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be an Agent and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors, and administrators of such a person.
Section 8.7 Settlement of Claims.
The Corporation shall not be liable to indemnify any Agent under this Article (a) for any amounts paid in settlement of any action or claim effected without the Corporation’s written consent, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld; or (b) for any judicial award if the Corporation was not given a reasonable and timely opportunity, at its expense, to participate in the defense of such action.
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Section 8.8 Effect of Amendment.
Any amendment, repeal, or modification of this Article shall not eliminate or reduce the effect of this Article in respect of any matters occurring, or any Proceeding accruing or arising (or any Proceeding that, but for this Article, would accrue or arise), prior to such amendment, repeal, or modification.
Section 8.9 Subrogation.
In the event of payment under this Article, the Corporation shall be subrogated to the extent of such payment to all of the rights of recovery of the Agent, who shall execute all papers required and shall do everything that may be necessary to secure such rights, including the execution of such documents necessary to enable the Corporation effectively to bring suit to enforce such rights.
Section 8.10 No Duplication of Payments.
The Corporation shall not be liable under this Article to make any payment in connection with any claim made against the Agent to the extent the Agent has otherwise actually received payment (under any insurance policy, agreement, vote, or otherwise) of the amounts otherwise indemnifiable hereunder.
ARTICLE IX
Notices
Whenever, under any provisions of these Bylaws, notice is required to be given to any stockholder, the same shall be given either (1) in writing, timely and duly deposited in the United States Mail, postage prepaid, and addressed to his last known address as shown by the stock record of the Corporation or its transfer agent, or (2) by a means of electronic transmission that satisfies the requirements of Section 2.4(e) of these Bylaws, and has been consented to by the stockholder to whom the notice is given. Any notice required to be given to any director may be given by either of the methods hereinabove stated, except that such notice other than one which is delivered personally, shall be sent to such address or (in the case of electronic communication) such e-mail address, facsimile telephone number or other form of electronic address as such director shall have filed in writing or by electronic communication with the Secretary of the Corporation, or, in the absence of such filing, to the last known address of such director. If no address of a stockholder or director be known, such notice may be sent to the office of the Corporation required to be maintained pursuant to Section 1.2 of Article I hereof. An affidavit of mailing, executed by a duly authorized and competent employee of the Corporation or its transfer agent appointed with respect to the class of stock affected, specifying the name and address or the names and addresses of the stockholder or stockholders, director or directors, to whom any such notice or notices was or were given, and the time and method of giving the same, shall be conclusive evidence of the statements therein contained. All notices given by mail, as above provided, shall be deemed to have been given as at the time of mailing, and all notices given by means of electronic transmission shall be deemed to have been given as at the sending time recorded by the electronic transmission equipment operator transmitting the same. It shall not be necessary that the same method of giving notice be employed in respect of all directors, but one permissible method may be employed in respect of any one or more, and any other permissible method or methods may be employed in respect of any other or others. The period or limitation of time within which any stockholder may exercise any option or right, or enjoy any privilege or benefit, or be required to act, or within which any director may exercise any power or right, or enjoy any privilege, pursuant to any notice sent him in the manner above provided, shall not be affected or extended in any manner by the failure of such a stockholder or such director to receive such notice. Whenever any notice is required to be given under the provisions of the statutes or of the Certificate of Incorporation, or of these Bylaws, a waiver thereof in writing signed by the person or persons entitled to said notice, or a waiver by electronic transmission by the person entitled to notice, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent thereto. Whenever notice is required to be given, under any provision of law or of the Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws of the Corporation, to any person with whom communication is unlawful, the giving of such notice to such person shall not be required and there shall be no duty to apply to any governmental authority or agency for a license or permit to give such notice to such person. Any action or meeting which shall be taken or held without notice to any such person with whom communication is unlawful shall have the same force and effect as if such notice had been duly given. In the event that the action taken by the Corporation is such as to require the filing of a certificate under any provision of the Delaware General Corporation Law, the certificate shall state, if such is the fact and if notice is required, that notice was given to all persons entitled to receive notice except such persons with whom communication is unlawful.
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ARTICLE X
Amendments
Except as otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, these Bylaws may be repealed, altered or amended or new Bylaws adopted by written consent of stockholders in the manner authorized by Section 2.11 of Article II, or at any meeting of the stockholders, either annual or special, by the affirmative vote of a majority of the stock entitled to vote at such meeting, unless a larger vote is required by these Bylaws or the Certificate of Incorporation. Except as otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, the Board of Directors shall also have the authority to repeal, alter or amend these Bylaws or adopt new Bylaws (including, without limitation, the amendment of any Bylaws setting forth the number of directors who shall constitute the whole Board of Directors) by unanimous written consent or at any annual, regular, or special meeting by the affirmative vote of a majority of the whole number of directors, subject to the power of the stockholders to change or repeal such Bylaws and provided that the Board of Directors shall not make or alter any Bylaws fixing the qualifications, classifications, or term of office of directors.
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ARTICLE XI
Annual and Other Reports
Section 11.1 Reports to Stockholders.
The Board of Directors of the Corporation shall cause an annual report to be sent to the stockholders not later than 120 days after the close of the fiscal year, and at least fifteen (15) days (or, if sent by third-class mail, thirty-five (35) days) prior to the annual meeting of stockholders to be held during the next fiscal year. If approved by the Board of Directors, the report and any accompanying material may be sent by electronic transmission by the Corporation (as defined in Section 2.4 hereof). This report shall contain a balance sheet as of the end of that fiscal year and an income statement and statement of changes in financial position for that fiscal year, accompanied by any report thereon of independent accountants or, if there is no such report, the certificate of an authorized officer of the Corporation that the statements were prepared without audit from the books and records of the Corporation. This report shall also contain such other matters as required by Section 1501(b) of the California General Corporation Law, unless the Corporation is subject to the reporting requirements of Section 13 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and is not exempted therefrom under Section 12(g)(2) thereof. As long as the Corporation has less than 100 holders of record of its shares (determined as provided in Section 605 of the California General Corporation Law), the foregoing requirement of an annual report is hereby waived.
If no annual report for the last fiscal year has been sent to stockholders, the Corporation shall, upon the written request of any stockholder made more than 120 days after the close of such fiscal year, deliver (including by electronic transmission by the Corporation (as defined in Section 2.4 hereof) or mail to the person making the request within thirty (30) days thereafter the financial statements for such year. A stockholder or stockholders holding at least five percent (5%) of the outstanding shares of any class of the Corporation may make a written request to the Corporation for an income statement of the Corporation for the three-month, six-month or nine-month period of the current fiscal year ended more than thirty (30) days prior to the date of the request and a balance sheet of the Corporation as of the end of such period and, in addition, if no annual report for the last fiscal year has been sent to stockholders, the annual report for the last fiscal year, unless such report has been waived under these Bylaws. The statements shall be delivered (including by electronic transmission by the Corporation (as defined in Section 2.4 hereof) if such transmission is permitted to such stockholder pursuant to such definition) or mailed to the person making the request within thirty (30) days thereafter. A copy of any such statements shall be kept on file in the principal executive office of the Corporation for twelve (12) months, and they shall be exhibited at all reasonable times to any stockholder demanding an examination of the statements, or a copy shall be mailed to the stockholder.
The quarterly income statements and balance sheets referred to in this section shall be accompanied by the report thereon, if any, of any independent accountants engaged by the Corporation or the certificate of an authorized officer of the Corporation that the financial statements were prepared without audit from the books and records of the Corporation.
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Section 11.2 Reports to the California Secretary of State.
(a) Except as otherwise required by the Secretary of State of the State of California, every year, during the applicable filing period, the Corporation shall file a certified statement with the Secretary of State of the State of California on the prescribed form, setting forth the names and complete business or residence addresses of all incumbent directors; the number of vacancies on the Board of Directors, if any; the names and complete business or residence addresses of the chief executive officer, the secretary, and the chief financial officer; the street address of the Corporation’s principal executive office or principal business office in California; a statement of the general type of business constituting the principal business activity of the Corporation; and a designation of the agent of the Corporation for the purpose of service of process, all in compliance with Section 2117 of the California General Corporation Law.
(b) Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (a) of this section, if there has been no change in the information contained in the Corporation’s last annual statement on file in the Secretary of State of the State of California’s office, the Corporation may in lieu of filing the annual statement described in paragraph (a) of this section, advise the Secretary of State of the State of California, on the appropriate form, that no changes in the required information have occurred during the applicable period, as permitted by Section 2117 of the California General Corporation Law.
(c) In addition to the statement required pursuant to paragraph (a) of this section, except as otherwise required by the Secretary of State of the State of California, if and as long as the Corporation is a publicly traded corporation, within 150 days after the end of its fiscal year, each year it shall file a certified statement on the appropriate form setting forth (i) the name of the independent auditor that prepared the most recent auditor’s report on the Corporation’s annual financial statements; (ii) a description of other services, if any, performed by the independent auditor, its parent, subsidiary or affiliate corporation, during the two most recent fiscal years; (iii) the name of the independent auditor employed by the Corporation on the date of the statement; (iv) the compensation paid for the most recent fiscal year to each member of the Board of Directors, to each of the five most highly compensated executive officers of the Corporation who are not members of the Board of Directors, and to the chief executive officer if not otherwise disclosed, including equity-based compensation; (v) a description of any loan and the terms thereof made to any member of the Board of Directors by the Corporation during the Corporation’s two most recent fiscal years at an interest rate lower than that available from unaffiliated commercial lenders to a similarly-situated borrower; (vi) a statement indicating whether an order of relief has within the preceding ten-year period been entered in a bankruptcy case with respect to the Corporation, its executive officers or members of the Board of Directors; (vii) a statement indicating whether any member of the Board of Directors or executive officer of the Corporation was convicted of fraud during the preceding ten-year period, as long as the conviction has not been overturned or expunged; and (viii) a description of any material pending legal proceedings, other than routine litigation incidental to the business, to which the Corporation or any of its subsidiaries is a party, and a description of any material legal proceeding within the preceding five-year period resulting in a final judgment or final order where the Corporation was found liable.
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Section 11.3 Effectiveness of Article XI.
If at any time following the adoption of these Bylaws the Corporation is no longer subject to Section 2115 of the California General Corporation Law, then this Article XI shall cease to apply to the Corporation and it shall have no further obligation to deliver any of the reports to its stockholders or to the Secretary of State of California as herein described.
ARTICLE XII
Right of First Refusal
Section 12.1 Right of First Refusal.
No stockholder shall sell, assign, pledge, or in any manner transfer any of the shares of common stock of the Corporation or any right or interest therein, whether voluntarily or by operation of law, or by gift or otherwise, except by a transfer which meets the requirements hereinafter set forth in this bylaw:
(a) (i) In the event a stockholder receives from anyone a bona fide offer acceptable to such stockholder to purchase any of such stockholder’s shares of common stock or (ii) in the event of a restricted transfer (as defined below) by a stockholder, such stockholder shall give written notice thereof to the Corporation. The notice shall name the proposed transferee and state the number of shares, right or interest to be transferred, the price per share and all other terms and conditions of the offer or restricted transfer, as applicable. As used herein, “restricted transfer” shall mean: (s) the filing of a petition in bankruptcy by or against a stockholder; (t) an adjudication that a stockholder is an insane or incompetent person; (u) any assignment by a stockholder for the benefit of his, her or its creditors; (v) any transfer, award, or confirmation of any common stock to a stockholder’s spouse pursuant to a decree of divorce, dissolution, or separate maintenance, or pursuant to a property settlement or separation agreement; (w) any testamentary or other similar disposition of any interest in any common stock upon a stockholder’s death; (x) the disability of a stockholder; (y) the termination of a stockholder’s services to the Corporation; and (z) a gift from a stockholder to anyone who is not already a stockholder of the Corporation at the time of the gift.
(b) For thirty (30) days following receipt of such notice, the Corporation or its assigns shall have the option to purchase all or any lesser part of the shares specified in the notice at the price and upon the terms set forth in such bona fide offer; provided, however, that in the event of a restricted transfer, the purchase price per share shall equal the net book value per share of the common stock of the Corporation determined on a fully diluted, fully converted basis as of the last day of the preceding fiscal year, as determined by the independent accountants of the Corporation (or, in the event that the Corporation has not engaged an independent accountant, the Board of Directors of the Corporation) based on their review, but not necessarily an audit, of the Corporation’s financial statements. Net book value shall be calculated using the historical cost of the Corporation’s assets as reflected on its financial statements decreased by any depreciation, amortization or other cost recover method consistently applied for financial accounting purposes. Net book value shall not include any unrealized gain or loss on the Corporation’s assets or the value, if any, of the Corporation’s goodwill or other assets that are not reflected on the Corporation’s financial statements.
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(c) In the event the Corporation elects to purchase all or any part of the shares, the Secretary of the Corporation shall give written notice to the selling stockholder of such election and the Corporation shall, within thirty (30) days after the Secretary of the Corporation mails such notice, deliver to the selling stockholder the consideration set forth in the selling stockholder’s notice of sale.
(d) In the event that such shares are not purchased by the Corporation, the selling stockholder may, within the sixty (60) day period following the expiration of the option rights granted to the Corporation, sell elsewhere the shares specified in said selling stockholder’s notice which were not acquired by the Corporation in accordance with the provisions of paragraph (c) of this bylaw, provided that said sale shall not be on terms and conditions more favorable to the purchaser than those contained in the bona fide offer set forth in said selling stockholder’s notice. All shares so sold by said selling stockholder shall continue to be subject to the provisions of this bylaw in the same manner as before said transfer.
(e) Anything to the contrary contained herein notwithstanding, the following transactions shall be exempt from the provisions of this bylaw:
(1) A stockholder’s transfer of any or all shares held during such stockholder’s lifetime to such stockholder’s immediate family. “Immediate family” as used herein shall mean a spouse (subject to limitations in the event of a restricted transfer), lineal descendent, father, mother, brother, or sister of the stockholder making such transfer.
(2) A stockholder’s bona fide pledge or mortgage of any shares of common stock with a commercial lending institution, provided that any subsequent transfer of said shares by said institution shall be conducted in the manner set forth in this bylaw.
(3) A stockholder’s transfer of any or all of such stockholder’s shares of common stock to any other stockholder of the Corporation.
(4) A stockholder’s transfer of any or all of such stockholders shares of common stock to a person who, at the time of such transfer, is an officer or director of the Corporation.
(5) A corporate stockholder’s transfer of any or all of its shares of common stock pursuant to and in accordance with the terms of any merger, consolidation, reclassification of shares or capital reorganization of the corporate stockholder, or pursuant to a sale of all or substantially all of the stock or assets of a corporate stockholder.
(6) A corporate stockholder’s transfer of any or all of its shares of common stock to any or all of its stockholders.
(7) A transfer by a stockholder which is a limited or general partnership to any or all of its partners.
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In any such case, the transferee, assignee, or other recipient shall receive and hold such stock subject to the provisions of this bylaw, and there shall be no further transfer of such stock except in accord with this bylaw.
(f) The provisions of this bylaw may be waived with respect to any transfer either by the Corporation, upon duly authorized action of its Board of Directors, or by the stockholders, upon the express written consent of the owners of a majority of the voting power of the Corporation (excluding the votes represented by those shares to be sold by the selling stockholder). This bylaw may be amended or repealed either by a duly authorized action of the Board of Directors or by the stockholders, upon the express written consent of the owners of a majority of the voting power of the Corporation.
(g) Any sale or transfer, or purported sale or transfer, of securities of the Corporation by stockholders shall be null and void unless the terms, conditions, and provisions of this bylaw are strictly observed and followed.
(h) The foregoing right of first refusal shall terminate upon the date securities of the Corporation are first offered to the public pursuant to a registration statement filed with, and declared effective by, the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
(i) The certificates representing shares of common stock of the Corporation shall bear on their face the following legend so long as the foregoing right of first refusal remains in effect:
“THE SHARES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE
ARE
SUBJECT TO A RIGHT OF FIRST REFUSAL OPTION, AS
PROVIDED IN THE BYLAWS OF THE CORPORATION.”
(j) Whenever the Corporation shall have the right to purchase common stock under this right of first refusal, the Corporation may designate and assign to one or more employees, officers, directors or stockholders of the Corporation or other persons or organizations, to exercise all or a part of the Corporation’s right of first refusal.
26
CERTIFICATE OF SECRETARY
The undersigned, Secretary of Lectrefy Inc., a Delaware corporation, hereby certifies that the foregoing is a full, true and correct copy of the Bylaws of the Corporation, with all amendments through the date of this Certificate.
WITNESS the signature of the undersigned this 6th day of July, 2018.
John M. Cook II, Secretary |
BYLAWS
OF
LECTREFY INC.,
a Delaware corporation
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page | ||
TABLE OF CONTENTS | ||
ARTICLE I OFFICES | 1 | |
Section 1.1 Registered Office | 1 | |
Section 1.2 Other Offices | 1 | |
ARTICLE II STOCKHOLDERS’ MEETINGS | 1 | |
Section 2.1 Place of Meetings | 1 | |
Section 2.2 Annual Meetings | 2 | |
Section 2.3 Special Meetings | 2 | |
Section 2.4 Notice of Meetings | 2 | |
Section 2.5 Quorum and Voting | 3 | |
Section 2.6 Voting Rights | 4 | |
Section 2.7 Voting Procedures and Inspectors of Elections | 5 | |
Section 2.8 List of Stockholders | 6 | |
Section 2.9 Stockholder Proposals at Annual Meetings | 6 | |
Section 2.10 Nominations of Persons for Election to the Board of Directors | 7 | |
Section 2.11 Action Without Meeting | 8 | |
Section 2.12 Waiver of Stockholder Reports | 9 | |
ARTICLE III DIRECTORS | 9 | |
Section 3.1 Number and Term of Office | 9 | |
Section 3.2 Powers | 9 | |
Section 3.3 Vacancies | 9 | |
Section 3.4 Resignations and Removals | 10 | |
Section 3.5 Meetings | 10 | |
Section 3.6 Quorum and Voting | 11 | |
Section 3.7 Action Without Meeting | 11 | |
Section 3.8 Fees and Compensation | 11 | |
Section 3.9 Committees | 11 | |
ARTICLE IV OFFICERS | 13 | |
Section 4.1 Officers Designated | 13 | |
Section 4.2 Tenure and Duties of Officers | 13 |
-i-
TABLE OF CONTENTS
(continued)
Page | ||
ARTICLE V EXECUTION OF CORPORATE INSTRUMENTS, AND VOTING | ||
OF SECURITIES OWNED BY THE CORPORATION | 14 | |
Section 5.1 Execution of Corporate Instruments | 14 | |
Section 5.2 Voting of Securities Owned by Corporation | 14 | |
ARTICLE VI SHARES OF STOCK | 15 | |
Section 6.1 Form and Execution of Certificates | 15 | |
Section 6.2 Lost Certificates | 15 | |
Section 6.3 Transfers | 16 | |
Section 6.4 Fixing Record Dates | 16 | |
Section 6.5 Registered Stockholders | 17 | |
ARTICLE VII OTHER SECURITIES OF THE CORPORATION | 17 | |
ARTICLE VIII INDEMNIFICATION OF OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS | 18 | |
Section 8.1 Right to Indemnification | 18 | |
Section 8.2 Authority to Advance Expenses | 18 | |
Section 8.3 Right of Claimant to Bring Suit | 19 | |
Section 8.4 Provisions Nonexclusive | 19 | |
Section 8.5 Authority to Insure | 19 | |
Section 8.6 Survival of Rights | 19 | |
Section 8.7 Settlement of Claims | 19 | |
Section 8.8 Effect of Amendment | 20 | |
Section 8.9 Subrogation | 20 | |
Section 8.10 No Duplication of Payments | 20 | |
ARTICLE IX NOTICES | 20 | |
ARTICLE X AMENDMENTS | 21 | |
ARTICLE XI ANNUAL AND OTHER REPORTS | 22 | |
Section 11.1 Reports to Stockholders | 22 | |
Section 11.2 Reports to the California Secretary of State | 23 | |
Section 11.3 Effectiveness of Article XI | 24 | |
ARTICLE XII 24 | ||
RIGHT OF FIRST REFUSAL | 24 |
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
(continued)
Page | ||
Section 12.1 Right of First Refusal | 24 |
-iii-
Exhibit 3.4
AMENDED AND RESTATED
OF
ALFI, INC.
ARTICLE
I
Offices
Section 1.01 Registered Office. The registered office of Alfi, Inc. (the “Corporation”) will be fixed in the Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation (the “Certificate of Incorporation”).
Section 1.02 Other Offices. The Corporation may have other offices, both within and without the State of Delaware, as the board of directors of the Corporation (the “Board of Directors”) from time to time shall determine or the business of the Corporation may require.
ARTICLE
II
Meetings of the Stockholders
Section 2.01 Place of Meetings. All meetings of the stockholders shall be held at such place, if any, either within or without the State of Delaware, or by means of remote communication, as shall be designated from time to time by resolution of the Board of Directors and stated in the notice of meeting.
Section 2.02 Annual Meeting. The annual meeting of the stockholders for the election of directors and for the transaction of such other business as may properly come before the meeting in accordance with these by-laws shall be held at such date, time, and place, if any, as shall be determined by the Board of Directors and stated in the notice of the meeting.
Section 2.03 Special Meetings.
(a) Purpose. Special meetings of stockholders for any purpose or purposes shall be called only:
(i) by the Board of Directors acting pursuant to a resolution approved by the affirmative vote of a majority of the Directors then in office; or
(ii) by the Secretary (as defined in Section 4.01), following receipt of one or more written demands to call a special meeting of the stockholders in accordance with, and subject to, this Section 2.03 from stockholders of record satisfying the ownership requirements as set forth in the Certificate of Incorporation.
(b) Notice. A request to the Secretary shall be delivered to him or her at the Corporation’s principal executive offices and signed by each stockholder, or a duly authorized agent of such stockholder, requesting the special meeting and shall set forth:
(i) a brief description of each matter of business desired to be brought before the special meeting;
(ii) the reasons for conducting such business at the special meeting;
(iii) the text of any proposal or business to be considered at the special meeting (including the text of any resolutions proposed to be considered and in the event that such business includes a proposal to amend these by-laws, the language of the proposed amendment); and
(iv) the information required in Section 2.12(b) of these by-laws (for stockholder nomination demands) or Section 2.12(c) of these by-laws (for all other stockholder proposal demands), as applicable.
(c) Business. Business transacted at a special meeting requested by stockholders shall be limited to the matters described in the special meeting request; provided, however, that nothing herein shall prohibit the Board of Directors from submitting matters to the stockholders at any special meeting requested by stockholders.
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(d) Time and Date. A special meeting requested by stockholders shall be held at such date and time as may be fixed by the Board of Directors; provided, however, that the date of any such special meeting shall be not more than 90 days after the request to call the special meeting is received by the Secretary. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a special meeting requested by stockholders shall not be held if:
(i) the Board of Directors has called or calls for an annual or special meeting of the stockholders to be held within 90 days after the Secretary receives the request for the special meeting and the Board of Directors determines in good faith that the business of such meeting includes (among any other matters properly brought before the meeting) the business specified in the request;
(ii) the stated business to be brought before the special meeting is not a proper subject for stockholder action under applicable law;
(iii) an identical or substantially similar item (a “Similar Item”) was presented at any meeting of stockholders held within 90 days prior to the receipt by the Secretary of the request for the special meeting (and, for purposes of this Section 2.03(d)(iii), the election of directors shall be deemed a Similar Item with respect to all items of business involving the election or removal of directors); or
(iv) the special meeting request was made in a manner that involved a violation of Regulation 14A under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder (the “Exchange Act”).
(e) Revocation. A stockholder may revoke a request for a special meeting at any time by written revocation delivered to the Secretary at the Corporation’s principal executive offices, and if, following such revocation, there are unrevoked requests from stockholders holding in the aggregate less than the requisite number of shares entitling the stockholders to request the calling of a special meeting, the Board of Directors, in its discretion, may cancel the special meeting.
Section 2.04 Adjournments. Any meeting of the stockholders, annual or special, may be adjourned from time to time to reconvene at the same or some other place, if any, and notice need not be given of any such adjourned meeting if the time, place, if any, thereof and the means of remote communication, if any, are announced at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken. At the adjourned meeting, the Corporation may transact any business which might have been transacted at the original meeting. If the adjournment is for more than 30 days, a notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at the meeting. If after the adjournment a new record date is fixed for stockholders entitled to vote at the adjourned meeting, the Board of Directors shall fix a new record date for notice of the adjourned meeting and shall give notice of the adjourned meeting to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at the adjourned meeting as of the record date fixed for notice of the adjourned meeting.
Section 2.05 Notice of Meetings. Notice of the place (if any), date, hour, the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting (if such date is different from the record date for stockholders entitled to notice of the meeting), and means of remote communication, if any, of every meeting of stockholders shall be given by the Corporation not less than ten days nor more than 60 days before the meeting (unless a different time is specified by law) to every stockholder entitled to vote at the meeting as of the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to notice of the meeting. Notices of special meetings shall also specify the purpose or purposes for which the meeting has been called. Notices of meetings to stockholders may be given by mailing the same, addressed to the stockholder entitled thereto, at such stockholder’s mailing address as it appears on the records of the corporation and such notice shall be deemed to be given when deposited in the U.S. mail, postage prepaid. Without limiting the manner by which notices of meetings otherwise may be given effectively to stockholders, any such notice may be given by electronic transmission in accordance with applicable law. Notice of any meeting need not be given to any stockholder who shall, either before or after the meeting, submit a waiver of notice or who shall attend such meeting, except when the stockholder attends for the express purpose of objecting, at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. Any stockholder so waiving notice of the meeting shall be bound by the proceedings of the meeting in all respects as if due notice thereof had been given.
Section 2.06 List of Stockholders. The Corporation shall prepare a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at any meeting of stockholders (provided, however, if the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote is less than ten days before the date of the meeting, the list shall reflect the stockholders entitled to vote as of the tenth day before the meeting date), arranged in alphabetical order, and showing the address of each stockholder and the number of shares of capital stock of the Corporation registered in the name of each stockholder at least ten days before any meeting of the stockholders. Such list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder, for any purpose germane to the meeting for a period of at least ten days before the meeting: (a) on a reasonably accessible electronic network, provided that the information required to gain access to such list was provided with the notice of the meeting; or (b) during ordinary business hours, at the principal place of business of the Corporation. If the meeting is to be held at a place, the list shall also be produced and kept at the time and place of the meeting the whole time thereof and may be inspected by any stockholder who is present. If the meeting is held solely by means of remote communication, the list shall also be open for inspection by any stockholder during the whole time of the meeting as provided by applicable law. Except as provided by applicable law, the stock ledger of the Corporation shall be the only evidence as to who are the stockholders entitled to examine the stock ledger and the list of stockholders or to vote in person or by proxy at any meeting of stockholders.
Section 2.07 Quorum. Unless otherwise required by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these by-laws, at each meeting of the stockholders, a majority in voting power of the shares of the Corporation entitled to vote at the meeting, present in person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum. If, however, such quorum shall not be present or represented at any meeting of the stockholders, the chair of the meeting or the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, present in person or represented by proxy, shall have power, by the affirmative vote of a majority in voting power thereof, to adjourn the meeting from time to time, in the manner provided in Section 2.04, until a quorum shall be present or represented. A quorum, once established, shall not be broken by the subsequent withdrawal of enough votes to leave less than a quorum. At any such adjourned meeting at which there is a quorum, any business may be transacted that might have been transacted at the meeting originally called.
Section 2.08 Organization. The Board of Directors may adopt by resolution such rules and regulations for the conduct of the meeting of the stockholders as it shall deem appropriate. At every meeting of the stockholders, the Chair of the Board, or in his or her absence or inability to act, the Chief Executive Officer (as defined in Section 4.01), or, in his or her absence or inability to act, the officer or director whom the Board of Directors shall appoint, shall act as chair of, and preside at, the meeting. The Secretary or, in his or her absence or inability to act, the person whom the chair of the meeting shall appoint secretary of the meeting, shall act as secretary of the meeting and keep the minutes thereof. Except to the extent inconsistent with such rules and regulations as adopted by the Board of Directors, the chair of any meeting of the stockholders shall have the right and authority to prescribe such rules, regulations, and procedures and to do all such acts as, in the judgment of such chair, are appropriate for the proper conduct of the meeting. Such rules, regulations, or procedures, whether adopted by the Board of Directors or prescribed by the chair of the meeting, may include, without limitation, the following:
(a) the establishment of an agenda or order of business for the meeting;
(b) the determination of when the polls shall open and close for any given matter to be voted on at the meeting;
(c) rules and procedures for maintaining order at the meeting and the safety of those present;
(d) limitations on attendance at or participation in the meeting to stockholders of record of the corporation, their duly authorized and constituted proxies, or such other persons as the chair of the meeting shall determine;
(e) restrictions on entry to the meeting after the time fixed for the commencement thereof; and
(f) limitations on the time allotted to questions or comments by participants.
Section 2.09 Voting; Proxies.
(a) General. Unless otherwise required by law or provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, each stockholder shall be entitled to one vote, in person or by proxy, for each share of capital stock held by such stockholder.
(b) Election of Directors. Unless otherwise required by the Certificate of Incorporation, the election of directors shall be by written ballot. If authorized by the Board of Directors, such requirement of a written ballot shall be satisfied by a ballot submitted by electronic transmission, provided that any such electronic transmission must either set forth or be submitted with information from which it can be determined that the electronic transmission was authorized by the stockholder or proxy holder. Unless otherwise required by law, the Certificate of Incorporation, or these by-laws, the election of directors shall be decided by a majority of the votes cast at a meeting of the stockholders by the holders of stock entitled to vote in the election; provided, however, that, if the Secretary determines that the number of nominees for director exceeds the number of directors to be elected, directors shall be elected by a plurality of the votes of the shares represented in person or by proxy at any meeting of stockholders held to elect directors and entitled to vote on such election of directors. For purposes of this Section 2.09(b), a majority of the votes cast means that the number of shares voted “for” a nominee must exceed the votes cast “against” such nominee’s election. If a nominee for director who is not an incumbent director does not receive a majority of the votes cast, the nominee shall not be elected. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee has established procedures under which a director standing for reelection in an uncontested election must tender a resignation conditioned on the incumbent director’s failure to receive a majority of the votes cast. If an incumbent director who is standing for re-election does not receive a majority of the votes cast, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee will make a recommendation to the Board of Directors on whether to accept or reject the resignation, or whether other action should be taken. The Board of Directors will act on the committee’s recommendation and publicly disclose its decision and the rationale behind it within 90 days from the date of the certification of the election results. The director who fails to receive a majority vote will not participate in the committee’s recommendation or the Board of Directors’ decision.
(c) Other Matters. Unless otherwise required by law, the Certificate of Incorporation, or these by-laws, any matter, other than the election of directors, brought before any meeting of stockholders shall be decided by the affirmative vote of the majority of shares present in person or represented by proxy at the meeting and entitled to vote on the matter.
(d) Proxies. Each stockholder entitled to vote at a meeting of stockholders may authorize another person or persons to act for such stockholder by proxy, but no such proxy shall be voted or acted upon after three years from its date, unless the proxy provides for a longer period. Such authorization may be a document executed by the stockholder or his or her authorized officer, director, employee, or agent. To the extent permitted by law, a stockholder may authorize another person or persons to act for him or her as proxy by transmitting or authorizing the transmission of an electronic transmission to the person who will be the holder of the proxy or to a proxy solicitation firm, proxy support service organization, or like agent duly authorized by the person who will be the holder of the proxy to receive such transmission, provided that the electronic transmission either sets forth or is submitted with information from which it can be determined that the electronic transmission was authorized by the stockholder. A copy, facsimile transmission, or other reliable reproduction (including any electronic transmission) of the proxy authorized by this Section 2.09(d) may be substituted for or used in lieu of the original document for any and all purposes for which the original document could be used, provided that such copy, facsimile transmission, or other reproduction shall be a complete reproduction of the entire original document. A proxy shall be irrevocable if it states that it is irrevocable and if, and only as long as, it is coupled with an interest sufficient in law to support an irrevocable power. A stockholder may revoke any proxy that is not irrevocable by attending the meeting and voting in person or by delivering to the Secretary a revocation of the proxy or a new proxy bearing a later date.
Section 2.10 Inspectors at Meetings of Stockholders. In advance of any meeting of the stockholders, the Board of Directors shall, appoint one or more inspectors, who may be employees of the Corporation, to act at the meeting or any adjournment thereof and make a written report thereof. The Board of Directors may designate one or more persons as alternate inspectors to replace any inspector who fails to act. If no inspector or alternate is able to act at a meeting, the person presiding at the meeting shall appoint one or more inspectors to act at the meeting. Each inspector, before entering upon the discharge of his or her duties, shall take and sign an oath faithfully to execute the duties of inspector with strict impartiality and according to the best of his or her ability. The inspector or inspectors may appoint or retain other persons or entities to assist the inspector or inspectors in the performance of their duties. In determining the validity and counting of proxies and ballots cast at any meeting of stockholders, the inspector or inspectors may consider such information as is permitted by applicable law. No person who is a candidate for office at an election may serve as an inspector at such election. When executing the duties of inspector, the inspector or inspectors shall:
(a) ascertain the number of shares outstanding and the voting power of each;
(b) determine the shares represented at the meeting and the validity of proxies and ballots;
(c) count all votes and ballots;
(d) determine and retain for a reasonable period a record of the disposition of any challenges made to any determination by the inspectors; and
(e) certify their determination of the number of shares represented at the meeting and their count of all votes and ballots.
Section 2.11 Fixing the Record Date.
(a) In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors, and which record date shall not be more than 60 nor less than ten days before the date of such meeting. If no record date is fixed by the Board of Directors, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which notice is given, or, if notice is waived, at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which the meeting is held. A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting; provided, however, that the Board of Directors may fix a new record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at the adjourned meeting.
(b) In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights or the stockholders entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion, or exchange of stock, or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted, and which record date shall be not more than 60 days prior to such action. If no record date is fixed, the record date for determining stockholders for any such purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board of Directors adopts the resolution relating thereto.
Section 2.12 Advance Notice of Stockholder Nominations and Proposals.
(a) Annual Meetings. At a meeting of the stockholders, only such nominations of persons for the election of directors and such other business shall be conducted as shall have been properly brought before the meeting. Except for nominations that are included in the Corporation’s annual meeting proxy statement pursuant to Section 2.13, to be properly brought before an annual meeting, nominations or such other business must be:
(i) specified in the notice of meeting (or any supplement thereto) given by or at the direction of the Board of Directors or any committee thereof;
(ii) otherwise properly brought before the meeting by or at the direction of the Board of Directors or any committee thereof; or
(iii) otherwise properly brought before an annual meeting by a stockholder who is a stockholder of record of the Corporation at the time such notice of meeting is delivered, who is entitled to vote at the meeting, and who complies with the notice procedures set forth in this Section 2.12.
In addition, any proposal of business (other than the nomination of persons for election to the Board of Directors) must be a proper matter for stockholder action. For business (including, but not limited to, director nominations) to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a stockholder pursuant to Section 2.12(a)(iii), the stockholder or stockholders of record intending to propose the business (the “Proposing Stockholder”) must have given timely notice thereof pursuant to this Section 2.12(a), in writing to the Secretary even if such matter is already the subject of any notice to the stockholders or Public Disclosure from the Board of Directors. To be timely, a Proposing Stockholder’s notice for an annual meeting must be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation: (x) not later than the close of business on the 90th day, nor earlier than the close of business on the 120th day, in advance of the anniversary of the previous year’s annual meeting if such meeting is to be held on a day which is not more than 30 days in advance of the anniversary of the previous year’s annual meeting or not later than 60 days after the anniversary of the previous year’s annual meeting; and (y) with respect to any other annual meeting of stockholders, including in the event that no annual meeting was held in the previous year, not earlier than the close of business on the 120th day prior to the annual meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of: (1) the 90th day prior to the annual meeting and (2) the close of business on the tenth day following the first date of Public Disclosure of the date of such meeting. In no event shall the Public Disclosure of an adjournment or postponement of an annual meeting commence a new notice time period (or extend any notice time period). For the purposes of this Section 2.12 and Section 2.13, “Public Disclosure” shall mean a disclosure made in a press release reported by the Dow Jones News Services, The Associated Press, or a comparable national news service or in a document filed by the Corporation with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) pursuant to Section 13, 14, or 15(d) of the Exchange Act.
(b) Stockholder Nominations. For the nomination of any person or persons for election to the Board of Directors pursuant to Section 2.12(a)(iii) or Section 2.12(d), a Proposing Stockholder’s notice to the Secretary shall set forth or include:
(i) the name, age, business address, and residence address of each nominee proposed in such notice;
(ii) the principal occupation or employment of each such nominee;
(iii) the class and number of shares of capital stock of the Corporation which are owned of record and beneficially by each such nominee (if any);
(iv) such other information concerning each such nominee as would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement soliciting proxies for the election of such nominee as a director in an election contest (even if an election contest is not involved) or that is otherwise required to be disclosed, under Section 14(a) of the Exchange Act;
(v) a written questionnaire with respect to the background and qualification of such proposed nominee (which questionnaire shall be provided by the Secretary upon written request) and a written statement and agreement executed by each such nominee acknowledging that such person:
(A) consents to being named in the Company’s proxy statement as a nominee and to serving as a director if elected,
(B) intends to serve as a director for the full term for which such person is standing for election, and
(C) makes the following representations: (1) that the director nominee has read and agrees to adhere to the Corporation’s Corporate Governance Guidelines, Ethics Code, Related Party Transactions Policy, and any other of the Corporation’s policies or guidelines applicable to directors, including with regard to securities trading, (2) that the director nominee is not and will not become a party to any agreement, arrangement, or understanding with, and has not given any commitment or assurance to, any person or entity as to how such person, if elected as a director of the Corporation, will act or vote on any issue or question (a “Voting Commitment”) that has not been disclosed to the Corporation or any Voting Commitment that could limit or interfere with such person’s ability to comply, if elected as a director of the Corporation, with such person’s fiduciary duties under applicable law, and (3) that the director nominee is not and will not become a party to any agreement, arrangement, or understanding with any person or entity other than the Corporation with respect to any direct or indirect compensation, reimbursement, or indemnification (“Compensation Arrangement”) that has not been disclosed to the Corporation in connection with such person’s nomination for director or service as a director; and
(vi) as to the Proposing Stockholder:
(A) the name and address of the Proposing Stockholder as they appear on the Corporation’s books and of the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination is being made,
(B) the class and number of shares of the Corporation which are owned by the Proposing Stockholder (beneficially and of record) and owned by the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination is being made, as of the date of the Proposing Stockholder’s notice, and a representation that the Proposing Stockholder will notify the Corporation in writing of the class and number of such shares owned of record and beneficially as of the record date for the meeting within five business days after the record date for such meeting,
(C) a description of any agreement, arrangement, or understanding with respect to such nomination between or among the Proposing Stockholder or the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination is being made and any of their affiliates or associates, and any others (including their names) acting in concert with any of the foregoing, and a representation that the Proposing Stockholder will notify the Corporation in writing of any such agreement, arrangement, or understanding in effect as of the record date for the meeting within five business days after the record date for such meeting,
(D) a description of any agreement, arrangement, or understanding (including any derivative or short positions, profit interests, options, hedging transactions, and borrowed or loaned shares) that has been entered into as of the date of the Proposing Stockholder’s notice by, or on behalf of, the Proposing Stockholder or the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination is being made and any of their affiliates or associates, the effect or intent of which is to mitigate loss to, manage risk or benefit of share price changes for, or increase or decrease the voting power of such person or any of their affiliates or associates with respect to shares of stock of the Corporation, and a representation that the Proposing Stockholder will notify the Corporation in writing of any such agreement, arrangement, or understanding in effect as of the record date for the meeting within five business days after the record date for such meeting,
(E) a representation that the Proposing Stockholder is a holder of record of shares of the Corporation entitled to vote at the meeting and intends to appear in person or by proxy at the meeting to nominate the person or persons specified in the notice, and
(F) a representation whether the Proposing Stockholder intends to deliver a proxy statement and/or form of proxy to holders of at least the percentage of the Corporation’s outstanding capital stock required to approve the nomination and/or otherwise to solicit proxies from stockholders in support of the nomination.
The Corporation may require any proposed nominee to furnish such other information as it may reasonably require to determine the eligibility of such proposed nominee to serve as an independent director of the Corporation or that could be material to a reasonable stockholder’s understanding of the independence, or lack thereof, of such nominee. Any such update or supplement shall be delivered to the Secretary at the Corporation’s principal executive offices no later than five business days after the request by the Corporation for subsequent information has been delivered to the Proposing Stockholder.
(c) Other Stockholder Proposals. For all business other than director nominations, a Proposing Stockholder’s notice to the Secretary shall set forth as to each matter the Proposing Stockholder proposes to bring before the annual meeting:
(i) a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the annual meeting;
(ii) the reasons for conducting such business at the annual meeting;
(iii) the text of any proposal or business (including the text of any resolutions proposed for consideration and in the event that such business includes a proposal to amend these by-laws, the language of the proposed amendment);
(iv) any substantial interest (within the meaning of Item 5 of Schedule 14A under the Exchange Act) in such business of such stockholder and the beneficial owner (within the meaning of Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act), if any, on whose behalf the business is being proposed;
(v) any other information relating to such stockholder and beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the proposal is being made, required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filings required to be made in connection with solicitations of proxies for the proposal and pursuant to and in accordance with Section 14(a) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder;
(vi) a description of all agreements, arrangements, or understandings between or among such stockholder, the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the proposal is being made, any of their affiliates or associates, and any other person or persons (including their names) in connection with the proposal of such business and any material interest of such stockholder, beneficial owner, or any of their affiliates or associates, in such business, including any anticipated benefit therefrom to such stockholder, beneficial owner, or their affiliates or associates; and
(vii) the information required by Section 2.12(b)(vi) above.
(d) Special Meetings of Stockholders. Only such business shall be conducted at a special meeting of stockholders as shall have been brought before the meeting pursuant to the Corporation’s notice of meeting. Nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors may be made at a special meeting of stockholders called by the Board of Directors at which directors are to be elected pursuant to the Corporation’s notice of meeting:
(i) by or at the direction of the Board of Directors or any committee thereof; or
(ii) provided that the Board of Directors has determined that directors shall be elected at such meeting, by any stockholder of the Corporation who is a stockholder of record at the time the notice provided for in this Section 2.12(d) is delivered to the Secretary, who is entitled to vote at the meeting, and upon such election and who complies with the notice procedures set forth in this Section 2.12.
In the event the Corporation calls a special meeting of stockholders for the purpose of electing one or more directors to the Board of Directors, any such stockholder entitled to vote in such election of directors may nominate a person or persons (as the case may be) for election to such position(s) as specified in the Corporation’s notice of meeting, if such stockholder delivers a stockholder’s notice that complies with the requirements of Section 2.12(b) to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not earlier than the close of business on the 120th day prior to such special meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of: (x) the 90th day prior to such special meeting; or (y) the tenth (10th) day following the date of the first Public Disclosure of the date of the special meeting and of the nominees proposed by the Board of Directors to be elected at such meeting. In no event shall the Public Disclosure of an adjournment or postponement of a special meeting commence a new time period (or extend any notice time period).
(e) Effect of Noncompliance. Only such persons who are nominated in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 2.12 or Section 2.13 shall be eligible to be elected at any meeting of stockholders of the Corporation to serve as directors and only such other business shall be conducted at a meeting as shall be brought before the meeting in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 2.12 or Section 2.13, as applicable. If any proposed nomination was not made or proposed in compliance with this Section 2.12 or Section 2.13, as applicable, or other business was not made or proposed in compliance with this Section 2.12, then except as otherwise required by law, the chair of the meeting shall have the power and duty to declare that such nomination shall be disregarded or that such proposed other business shall not be transacted. Notwithstanding anything in these by-laws to the contrary, unless otherwise required by law, if a Proposing Stockholder intending to propose business or make nominations at an annual meeting or propose a nomination at a special meeting pursuant to this Section 2.12 does not provide the information required under this Section 2.12 to the Corporation, including the updated information required by Section 2.12(b)(vi)(B), Section 2.12(b)(vi)(C), and Section 2.12(b)(vi)(D) within five business days after the record date for such meeting or the Proposing Stockholder (or a qualified representative of the Proposing Stockholder) does not appear at the meeting to present the proposed business or nominations, such business or nominations shall not be considered, notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such business or nominations may have been received by the Corporation.
(f) Rule 14a-8. This Section 2.12 and Section 2.13 shall not apply to a proposal proposed to be made by a stockholder if the stockholder has notified the Corporation of the stockholder’s intention to present the proposal at an annual or special meeting only pursuant to and in compliance with Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act and such proposal has been included in a proxy statement that has been prepared by the Corporation to solicit proxies for such meeting.
Section 2.13 Proxy Access.
(a) Inclusion of Proxy Access Stockholder Nominee in Proxy Statement. Subject to the provisions of this Section 2.13, the Corporation shall include in its proxy statement (including its form of proxy and ballot) for an annual meeting of stockholders the name of any stockholder nominee for election to the Board of Directors submitted pursuant to this Section 2.13 (each a “Proxy Access Stockholder Nominee”) provided:
(i) timely written notice of such Proxy Access Stockholder Nominee satisfying this Section 2.13 (“Proxy Access Notice”) is delivered to the Corporation by or on behalf of a stockholder or stockholders that, at the time the Proxy Access Notice is delivered, satisfy the ownership and other requirements of this Section 2.13 (such stockholder or stockholders, and any person on whose behalf they are acting, the “Eligible Stockholder”);
(ii) the Eligible Stockholder expressly elects in writing at the time of providing the Proxy Access Notice to have its Proxy Access Stockholder Nominee included in the Corporation’s proxy statement pursuant to this Section 2.13; and
(iii) the Eligible Stockholder and the Proxy Access Stockholder Nominee otherwise satisfy the requirements of this Section 2.13.
(b) Timely Notice. To be timely, the Proxy Access Notice must be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation, not later than 120 days nor more than 150 days prior to the first anniversary of the date (as stated in the Corporation’s proxy materials) that the Corporation’s definitive proxy statement was first sent to stockholders in connection with the preceding year’s annual meeting of stockholders/of the preceding year’s annual meeting; provided, however, that in the event that the date of the annual meeting is advanced by more than 30 days or delayed by more than 60 days from the anniversary of the preceding year’s annual meeting, or if no annual meeting was held in the preceding year, the Proxy Access Notice must be so delivered not earlier than the close of business on the 150th day prior to such annual meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of: (i) the 120th day prior to such annual meeting; or (ii) the 10th day following the day on which Public Disclosure of the date of such annual meeting is first made by the Corporation. In no event shall the public announcement of an adjournment or postponement of an annual meeting commence a new time period (or extend any time period) for the giving of the Proxy Access Notice.
(c) Information to be Included in Proxy Statement. In addition to including the name of the Proxy Access Stockholder Nominee in the Corporation’s proxy statement for the annual meeting, the Corporation shall also include (collectively, the “Required Information”):
(i) the information concerning the Proxy Access Stockholder Nominee and the Eligible Stockholder that is required to be disclosed in the Corporation’s proxy statement pursuant to the Exchange Act, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder; and
(ii) if the Eligible Stockholder so elects, a written statement of the Eligible Stockholder (or in the case of a group, a written statement of the group), not to exceed 500 words, in support of its Proxy Access Stockholder Nominee, which must be provided at the same time as the Proxy Access Notice for inclusion in the Corporation’s proxy statement for the annual meeting (a “Statement”).
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Section 2.13, the Corporation may omit from its proxy materials any information or Statement that it, in good faith, believes is untrue in any material respect (or omits a material fact necessary in order to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading) or would violate any applicable law, rule, regulation, or listing standard. Additionally, nothing in this Section 2.13 shall limit the Corporation’s ability to solicit against and include in its proxy statement its own statements relating to any Proxy Access Stockholder Nominee.
(d) Proxy Access Stockholder Nominee Limits. The number of Proxy Access Stockholder Nominees (including Proxy Access Stockholder Nominees that were submitted by an Eligible Stockholder for inclusion in the Corporation’s proxy statement pursuant to this Section 2.13 but either are subsequently withdrawn or that the Board of Directors decides to nominate (a “Board Nominee”)) appearing in the Corporation’s proxy statement with respect to a meeting of stockholders shall not exceed the greater of: (x) two; or (y) 20% of the number of directors in office as of the last day on which notice of a nomination may be delivered pursuant to this Section 2.13 (the “Final Proxy Access Nomination Date”) or, if such amount is not a whole number, the closest whole number below 20% (the “Permitted Number”); provided, however, that:
(i) in the event that one or more vacancies for any reason occurs on the Board of Directors at any time after the Final Proxy Access Nomination Date and before the date of the applicable annual meeting of stockholders and the Board of Directors resolves to reduce the size of the Board of Directors in connection therewith, the Permitted Number shall be calculated based on the number of directors in office as so reduced;
(ii) any Proxy Access Stockholder Nominee who is included in the Corporation’s proxy statement for a particular meeting of stockholders but either: (A) withdraws from or becomes ineligible or unavailable for election at the meeting, or (B) does not receive a number of votes cast in favor of his or her election at least equal to 25% of the shares present in person or represented by proxy at the annual meeting and entitled to vote on the Proxy Access Stockholder Nominee’s election], shall be ineligible to be included in the Corporation’s proxy statement as a Proxy Access Stockholder Nominee pursuant to this Section 2.13 for the next two annual meetings of stockholders following the meeting for which the Proxy Access Stockholder Nominee has been nominated for election; and
(iii) any director in office as of the nomination deadline who was included in the Corporation’s proxy statement as a Proxy Access Stockholder Nominee for any of the two preceding annual meetings and whom the Board of Directors decides to nominate for election to the Board of Directors also will be counted against the Permitted Number.
In the event that the number of Proxy Access Stockholder Nominees submitted by Eligible Stockholders pursuant to this Section 2.13 exceeds the Permitted Number, each Eligible Stockholder shall select one Proxy Access Stockholder Nominee for inclusion in the Corporation’s proxy statement until the Permitted Number is reached, going in order of the amount (from greatest to least) of voting power of the Corporation’s capital stock entitled to vote on the election of directors as disclosed in the Proxy Access Notice. If the Permitted Number is not reached after each Eligible Stockholder has selected one Proxy Access Stockholder Nominee, this selection process shall continue as many times as necessary, following the same order each time, until the Permitted Number is reached.
(e) Eligibility of Nominating Stockholder; Stockholder Groups. An Eligible Stockholder must have owned (as defined below) continuously for at least three years a number of shares that represents 3% or more of the outstanding shares of the Corporation entitled to vote in the election of directors (the “Required Shares”) as of both the date the Proxy Access Notice is delivered to or received by the Corporation in accordance with this Section 2.13 and the record date for determining stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting and must intend to continue to own the Required Shares for at least one year following the date of the annual meeting/deliver a statement regarding the Eligible Stockholder’s intent with respect to continued ownership of the Required Shares for at least one year following the annual meeting. For purposes of satisfying the ownership requirement under this Section 2.13, the voting power represented by the shares of the Corporation’s capital stock owned by one or more stockholders, or by the person or persons who own shares of the Corporation’s capital stock and on whose behalf any stockholder is acting, may be aggregated, provided that:
(i) the number of stockholders and other persons whose ownership of shares is aggregated for such purpose shall not exceed 20; and
(ii) each stockholder or other person whose shares are aggregated shall have held such shares continuously for at least three years.
Whenever an Eligible Stockholder consists of a group of stockholders and/or other persons, any and all requirements and obligations for an Eligible Stockholder set forth in this Section 2.13 must be satisfied by and as to each such stockholder or other person, except that shares may be aggregated to meet the Required Shares as provided in this Section 2.13(e). With respect to any one particular annual meeting, no stockholder or other person may be a member of more than one group of persons constituting an Eligible Stockholder under this Section 2.13.
(f) Funds. A group of two or more funds shall be treated as one stockholder or person for this Section 2.13 provided that the other terms and conditions in this Section 2.13 are met (including Section 2.13(h)(v)(A)) and the funds are:
(i) under common management and investment control;
(ii) under common management and funded primarily by the same employer (or by a group of related employers that are under common control); or
(iii) a “group of investment companies,” as such term is defined in Section 12(d)(1)(G)(ii) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
(g) Ownership. For purposes of this Section 2.13, an Eligible Stockholder shall be deemed to “own” only those outstanding shares of the Corporation’s capital stock as to which the person possesses both:
(i) the full voting and investment rights pertaining to the shares; and
(ii) the full economic interest in (including the opportunity for profit and risk of loss on) such shares; provided that the number of shares calculated in accordance with clauses (i) and (ii) shall not include any shares:
(A) sold by such person or any of its affiliates in any transaction that has not been settled or closed,
(B) borrowed by such person or any of its affiliates for any purposes or purchased by such person or any of its affiliates pursuant to an agreement to resell, or
(C) subject to any option, warrant, forward contract, swap, contract of sale, other derivative, or similar agreement entered into by such person or any of its affiliates, whether any such instrument or agreement is to be settled with shares or with cash based on the notional amount or value of outstanding shares of the Corporation’s capital stock, in any such case which instrument or agreement has, or is intended to have, the purpose or effect of: (1) reducing in any manner, to any extent or at any time in the future, such person’s or affiliates’ full right to vote or direct the voting of any such shares; and/or (2) hedging, offsetting, or altering to any degree gain or loss arising from the full economic ownership of such shares by such person or affiliate.
An Eligible Stockholder “owns” shares held in the name of a nominee or other intermediary so long as the Eligible Stockholder retains the right to instruct how the shares are voted with respect to the election of directors and possesses the full economic interest in the shares. An Eligible Stockholder’s ownership of shares shall be deemed to continue during any period in which the Eligible Stockholder has delegated any voting power by means of a proxy, power of attorney, or other instrument or arrangement that is revocable at any time by the person. An Eligible Stockholder’s ownership of shares shall be deemed to continue during any period in which the Eligible Stockholder has loaned such shares, provided that the Eligible Stockholder has the power to recall such loaned shares on five business days’ notice and recalls such loaned shares not more than five business days after being notified that any of its Proxy Access Stockholder Nominees will be included in the Corporation’s proxy statement. The terms “owned,” “owning,” and other variations of the word “own” shall have correlative meanings. For purposes of this Section 2.13, the term “affiliate” shall have the meaning ascribed thereto in the regulations promulgated under the Exchange Act.
(h) Nomination Notice and Other Eligible Stockholder Deliverables. An Eligible Stockholder must provide with its Proxy Access Notice the following information in writing to the Secretary:
(i) one or more written statements from the record holder of the shares (and from each intermediary through which the shares are or have been held during the requisite three-year holding period) verifying that, as of a date within seven calendar days prior to the date the Proxy Access Notice is delivered to or received by the Corporation, the Eligible Stockholder owns, and has owned continuously for the preceding three years, the Required Shares, and the Eligible Stockholder’s agreement to provide:
(A) within five business days after the record date for the meeting, written statements from the record holder and intermediaries verifying the Eligible Stockholder’s continuous ownership of the Required Shares through the record date, and
(B) immediate notice if the Eligible Stockholder ceases to own any of the Required Shares prior to the date of the applicable annual meeting of stockholders;
(ii) the Eligible Stockholder’s representation and agreement that the Eligible Stockholder (including each member of any group of stockholders that together is an Eligible Stockholder under this Section 2.13):
(A) intends to continue to satisfy the eligibility requirements described in this Section 2.13 through the date of the annual meeting, including a statement that the Eligible Stockholder intends to continue to own the Required Shares for at least one year following the date of the annual meeting/regarding the Eligible Stockholder’s intent with respect to continued ownership of the Required Shares for at least one year following the annual meeting,
(B) acquired the Required Shares in the ordinary course of business and not with the intent to change or influence control of the Corporation, and does not presently have such intent,
(C) has not nominated and will not nominate for election to the Board of Directors at the meeting any person other than the Proxy Access Stockholder Nominee(s) being nominated pursuant to this Section 2.13,
(D) has not engaged and will not engage in, and has not and will not be, a “participant” in another person’s “solicitation” within the meaning of Rule 14a-1(l) under the Exchange Act in support of the election of any individual as a director at the meeting other than its Proxy Access Stockholder Nominee(s) or a Board Nominee,
(E) will not distribute to any stockholder any form of proxy for the meeting other than the form distributed by the Corporation,
(F) has provided and will provide facts, statements, and other information in all communications with the Corporation and its stockholders that are or will be true and correct in all material respects and do not and will not omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading,
(G) agrees to assume all liability stemming from any legal or regulatory violation arising out of the Eligible Stockholder’s communications with the Corporation’s stockholders or out of the information that the Eligible Stockholder provides to the Corporation,
(H) agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Corporation and each of its directors, officers, and employees individually against any liability, loss, or damages in connection with any threatened or pending action, suit, or proceeding, whether legal, administrative, or investigative, against the Corporation or any of its directors, officers, or employees arising out of any nomination submitted by the Eligible Stockholder pursuant to this Section 2.13,
(I) will file with the SEC any solicitation or other communication with the Corporation’s stockholders relating to the meeting at which the Proxy Access Stockholder Nominee will be nominated, regardless of whether any such filing is required under Section 14 of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder or whether any exemption from filing is available for such solicitation or other communication under Section 14 of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, and
(J) will comply with all other applicable laws, rules, regulations, and listing standards with respect to any solicitation in connection with the meeting;
(iii) the written consent of each Proxy Access Stockholder Nominee to be named in the Corporation’s proxy statement, and form of proxy and ballot and, as a nominee and, if elected, to serve as a director;
(iv) a copy of the Schedule 14N (or any successor form) that has been filed with the SEC as required by Rule 14a-18 under the Exchange Act;
(v) in the case of a nomination by a group of stockholders that together is an Eligible Stockholder:
(A) documentation satisfactory to the Corporation demonstrating that a group of funds qualifies pursuant to the criteria set forth in Section 2.13(f) to be treated as one stockholder or person for purposes of this Section 2.13, and
(B) the designation by all group members of one group member that is authorized to act on behalf of all members of the nominating stockholder group with respect to the nomination and matters related thereto, including withdrawal of the nomination; and
(vi) if desired, a Statement.
(i) Stockholder Nominee Agreement. Each Proxy Access Stockholder Nominee must:
(i) provide within five business days of the Corporation’s request an executed agreement, in a form deemed satisfactory to the Corporation, providing the following representations:
(A) the Proxy Access Stockholder Nominee has read and agrees to adhere to the Corporation’s Corporate Governance Guidelines, Ethics Code, Related Party Transactions Policy and any other of the Corporation’s policies or guidelines applicable to directors, including with regard to securities trading,
(B) the Proxy Access Stockholder Nominee is not and will not become a party to: (1) any Voting Commitment that has not been disclosed to the Corporation; or (2) any Voting Commitment that could limit or interfere with such person’s ability to comply, if elected as a director of the Corporation, with such person’s fiduciary duties under applicable law, and
(C) the Proxy Access Stockholder Nominee is not and will not become a party to any Compensation Arrangement in connection with such person’s nomination for director or service as a director that has not been disclosed to the Corporation;
(ii) complete, sign, and submit all questionnaires required of the Corporation’s Board of Directors within five business days of receipt of each such questionnaire from the Corporation; and
(iii) provide within five business days of the Corporation’s request such additional information as the Corporation determines may be necessary to permit the Board of Directors to determine whether such Proxy Access Stockholder Nominee meets the requirements of this Section 2.13 or the Corporation’s requirements with regard to director qualifications and policies and guidelines applicable to directors, including whether:
(A) such Proxy Access Stockholder Nominee is independent under the independence requirements, including the committee independence requirements, set forth in the listing standards of the stock exchange on which shares of the Corporation’s capital stock are listed, any applicable rules of the SEC, and any publicly disclosed standards used by the Board of Directors in determining and disclosing the independence of the directors (the “Independence Standards”),
(B) such Proxy Access Stockholder Nominee has any direct or indirect relationship with the Corporation that has not been deemed categorically immaterial pursuant to the Corporation’s Corporate Governance Guidelines, and
(C) such Proxy Access Stockholder Nominee is not and has not been subject to: (1) any event specified in Item 401(f) of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), or (2) any order of the type specified in Rule 506(d) of Regulation D under the Securities Act.
(j) Eligible Stockholder/Proxy Access Stockholder Nominee Undertaking. In the event that any information or communications provided by the Eligible Stockholder or Proxy Access Stockholder Nominee to the Corporation or its stockholders ceases to be true and correct in any respect or omits a fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, each Eligible Stockholder or Proxy Access Stockholder Nominee, as the case may be, shall promptly notify the Secretary of any such inaccuracy or omission in such previously provided information and of the information that is required to make such information or communication true and correct. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the provision of any such notification pursuant to the preceding sentence shall not be deemed to cure any defect or limit the Corporation’s right to omit a Proxy Access Stockholder Nominee from its proxy materials as provided in this Section 2.13.
(k) Exceptions Permitting Exclusion of Proxy Access Stockholder Nominee. The Corporation shall not be required to include pursuant to this Section 2.13 a Proxy Access Stockholder Nominee in its proxy statement (or, if the proxy statement has already been filed, to allow the nomination of a Proxy Access Stockholder Nominee, notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such vote may have been received by the Corporation):
(i) if the Eligible Stockholder who has nominated such Proxy Access Stockholder Nominee has nominated for election to the Board of Directors at the meeting any person other than pursuant to this Section 2.13, or has or is engaged in, or has been or is a “participant” in another person’s, “solicitation” within the meaning of Rule 14a-1(l) under the Exchange Act in support of the election of any individual as a director at the meeting other than its Proxy Access Stockholder Nominee(s) or a Board Nominee;
(ii) if the Corporation has received a notice (whether or not subsequently withdrawn) that a stockholder intends to nominate any candidate for election to the Board of Directors pursuant to the advance notice requirements in Section 2.12 of these by-laws;
(iii) who is not independent under the Independence Standards;
(iv) whose election as a member of the Board of Directors would violate or cause the Corporation to be in violation of these by-laws, the Corporation’s Certificate of Incorporation, Corporate Governance Guidelines, Ethics Code, or other document setting forth qualifications for directors, the listing standards of the stock exchange on which shares of the Corporation’s capital stock is listed, or any applicable state or federal law, rule, or regulation;
(v) if the Proxy Access Stockholder Nominee is or becomes a party to any undisclosed Voting Commitment;
(vi) if the Proxy Access Stockholder Nominee is or becomes a party to any undisclosed Compensation Arrangement;
(vii) who is or has been, within the past three years, an officer or director of a competitor, as defined in Section 8 of the Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914;
(viii) who is a named subject of a pending criminal proceeding (excluding traffic violations and other minor offenses) or has been convicted in such a criminal proceeding within the past ten years;
(ix) who is subject to any order of the type specified in Rule 506(d) of Regulation D under the Securities Act; or
(x) if such Proxy Access Stockholder Nominee or the applicable Eligible Stockholder shall have provided information to the Corporation in respect of such nomination that was untrue in any material respect or omitted to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statement made, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading or shall have breached its or their agreements, representations, undertakings, or obligations pursuant to this Section 2.13.
(l) Invalidity. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth herein, the Board of Directors or the person presiding at the meeting shall be entitled to declare a nomination by an Eligible Stockholder to be invalid, and such nomination shall be disregarded notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such vote may have been received by the Corporation; and the Corporation shall not be required to include in its proxy statement any successor or replacement nominee proposed by the applicable Eligible Stockholder or any other Eligible Stockholder if:
(i) the Proxy Access Stockholder Nominee and/or the applicable Eligible Stockholder shall have breached its or their agreements, representations, undertakings, or obligations pursuant to this Section 2.13, as determined by the Board of Directors or the person presiding at the meeting; or
(ii) the Eligible Stockholder (or a qualified representative thereof) does not appear at the meeting to present any nomination pursuant to this Section 2.13.
No Action by Stockholder Consent in Lieu of a Meeting. Any action required or permitted to be taken by the stockholders of the Corporation must be effected at a duly called annual or special meeting of the stockholders of Corporation and may not be effected by any consent by such stockholders.
ARTICLE
III
Board of Directors
Section 3.01 General Powers. The business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors may adopt such rules and procedures, not inconsistent with the Certificate of Incorporation, these by-laws, or applicable law, as it may deem proper for the conduct of its meetings and the management of the Corporation.
Section 3.02 Number; Term of Office. The Board of Directors shall consist of not less than one (1) and not more than eleven (11) directors as fixed from time to time solely by resolution of a majority of the total number of directors that the Corporation would have if there were no vacancies. Each director shall hold office until a successor is duly elected and qualified or until the director’s earlier death, resignation, disqualification, or removal.
Section 3.03 Newly Created Directorships and Vacancies. Any newly created directorships resulting from an increase in the authorized number of directors and any vacancies occurring in the Board of Directors, may be filled by the affirmative votes of a majority of the remaining members of the Board of Directors, although less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director. A director so elected shall be elected to hold office until the earlier of the expiration of the term of office of the director whom he or she has replaced, a successor is duly elected and qualified, or the earlier of such director’s death, resignation, or removal.
Section 3.04 Resignation. Any director may resign at any time by notice given in writing or by electronic transmission to the Corporation. Such resignation shall take effect at the date of receipt of such notice by the Corporation or at such later effective date or upon the happening of an event or events as is therein specified. A resignation that is conditioned on a director failing to receive a specified vote for reelection as a director may provide that it is irrevocable. A verbal resignation shall not be deemed effective until confirmed by the director in writing or by electronic transmission to the Corporation.
Section 3.05 Removal. Except as prohibited by applicable law or the Certificate of Incorporation, the stockholders holding a majority of the shares then entitled to vote at an election of directors may remove any director from office with or without cause.
Section 3.06 Fees and Expenses. Directors shall receive such reasonable fees for their services on the Board of Directors and any committee thereof and such reimbursement of their actual and reasonable expenses as may be fixed or determined by the Board of Directors.
Section 3.07 Regular Meetings. Regular meetings of the Board of Directors may be held without notice at such times and at such places as may be determined from time to time by the Board of Directors.
Section 3.08 Special Meetings. Special meetings of the Board of Directors may be held at such times and at such places as may be determined by the Chair of the Board or the Chief Executive Officer on at least 24 hours’ notice to each director given by one of the means specified in Section 3.11 hereof other than by mail or on at least three days’ notice if given by mail. Special meetings shall be called by the Chair of the Board or the Chief Executive Officer in like manner and on like notice on the written request of any two or more directors. The notice need not state the purposes of the special meeting and, unless indicated in the notice thereof, any and all business may be transacted at a special meeting.
Section 3.09 Telephone Meetings. Board of Directors or Board of Directors committee meetings may be held by means of telephone conference or other communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other and be heard. Participation by a director in a meeting pursuant to this Section 3.09 shall constitute presence in person at such meeting.
Section 3.10 Adjourned Meetings. A majority of the directors present at any meeting of the Board of Directors, including an adjourned meeting, whether or not a quorum is present, may adjourn and reconvene such meeting to another time and place. At least 24 hours’ notice of any adjourned meeting of the Board of Directors shall be given to each director whether or not present at the time of the adjournment, if such notice shall be given by one of the means specified in Section 3.11 hereof other than by mail, or at least three days’ notice if by mail. Any business may be transacted at an adjourned meeting that might have been transacted at the meeting as originally called.
Section 3.11 Notices. Subject to Section 3.08, Section 3.10, and Section 3.12 hereof, whenever notice is required to be given to any director by applicable law, the Certificate of Incorporation, or these by-laws, such notice shall be deemed given effectively if given in person or by telephone, mail addressed to such director at such director’s address as it appears on the records of the Corporation, facsimile, e-mail, or by other means of electronic transmission.
Section 3.12 Waiver of Notice. Whenever notice to directors is required by applicable law, the Certificate of Incorporation, or these by-laws, a waiver thereof, in writing signed by, or by electronic transmission by, the director entitled to the notice, whether before or after such notice is required, shall be deemed equivalent to notice. Attendance by a director at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting except when the director attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting, at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business on the ground that the meeting was not lawfully called or convened. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any regular or special Board of Directors or committee meeting need be specified in any waiver of notice.
Section 3.13 Organization. At each regular or special meeting of the Board of Directors, the Chair of the Board or, in his or her absence, the lead independent director or, in his or her absence, another director or officer selected by the Board of Directors shall preside. The Secretary shall act as secretary at each meeting of the Board of Directors. If the Secretary is absent from any meeting of the Board of Directors, an assistant secretary of the Corporation shall perform the duties of secretary at such meeting; and in the absence from any such meeting of the Secretary and all assistant secretaries of the Corporation, the person presiding at the meeting may appoint any person to act as secretary of the meeting.
Section 3.14 Quorum of Directors. Except as otherwise provided by these by-laws, the Certificate of Incorporation, or required by applicable law, the presence of a majority of the total number of directors on the Board of Directors shall be necessary and sufficient to constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at any meeting of the Board of Directors.
Section 3.15 Action by Majority Vote. Except as otherwise provided by these by-laws, the Certificate of Incorporation, or required by applicable law, the vote of a majority of the directors present at a meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the Board of Directors.
Section 3.16 Directors’ Action Without Meeting. Unless otherwise restricted by the Certificate of Incorporation or these by-laws, any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board of Directors or of any committee thereof may be taken without a meeting if all directors or members of such committee, as the case may be, consent thereto in writing or by electronic transmission.
Section 3.17 Chair of the Board. The Board of Directors shall annually elect one of its members to be its chair (the “Chair of the Board”) and shall fill any vacancy in the position of Chair of the Board at such time and in such manner as the Board of Directors shall determine. Except as otherwise provided in these by-laws, the Chair of the Board shall preside at all meetings of the Board of Directors and of stockholders. The Chair of the Board shall perform such other duties and services as shall be assigned to or required of the Chair of the Board by the Board of Directors.
Section 3.18 Committees of the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors may designate one or more committees, each committee to consist of one or more of the directors of the Corporation. The Board of Directors may designate one or more directors as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the committee. If a member of a committee shall be absent from any meeting, or disqualified from voting, the remaining member or members present at the meeting and not disqualified from voting, whether or not such member or members constitute a quorum, may unanimously appoint another member of the Board of Directors to act at the meeting in the place of any such absent or disqualified member. Any such committee, to the extent permitted by applicable law, shall have and may exercise all the powers and authority of the Board of Directors in the management of the business and affairs of the Corporation and may authorize the seal of the Corporation to be affixed to all papers that may require it to the extent so authorized by the Board of Directors. Unless the Board of Directors provides otherwise, at all meetings of such committee, a majority of the then authorized members of the committee shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, and the vote of a majority of the members of the committee present at any meeting at which there is a quorum shall be the act of the committee. Each committee shall keep regular minutes of its meetings. Unless the Board of Directors provides otherwise, each committee designated by the Board of Directors may make, alter and repeal rules and procedures for the conduct of its business. In the absence of such rules and procedures each committee shall conduct its business in the same manner as the Board of Directors conducts its business pursuant to this Article III.
ARTICLE
IV
Officers
Section 4.01 Positions and Election. The officers of the Corporation shall be chosen by the Board of Directors and shall include a chief executive officer (the “Chief Executive Officer”), a president (the “President”), a chief financial officer (the “Chief Financial Officer”), a treasurer (the “Treasurer”), and a secretary (the “Secretary”). The Board of Directors, in its discretion, may also elect one or more vice presidents, assistant treasurers, assistant secretaries, and other officers in accordance with these by-laws. Any two or more offices may be held by the same person.
Section 4.02 Term. Each officer of the Corporation shall hold office until such officer’s successor is elected and qualified or until such officer’s earlier death, resignation, or removal. Any officer elected or appointed by the Board of Directors may be removed by the Board of Directors at any time with or without cause by the majority vote of the members of the Board of Directors then in office. The removal of an officer shall be without prejudice to his or her contract rights, if any. The election or appointment of an officer shall not of itself create contract rights. Any officer of the Corporation may resign at any time by giving notice of his or her resignation in writing, or by electronic transmission, to the President or the Secretary. Any such resignation shall take effect at the time specified therein or, if the time when it shall become effective shall not be specified therein, immediately upon its receipt. Unless otherwise specified therein, the acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective. Should any vacancy occur among the officers, the position shall be filled for the unexpired portion of the term by appointment made by the Board of Directors.
Section 4.03 Chief Executive Officer. The Chief Executive Officer shall, subject to the provisions of these by-laws and the control of the Board of Directors, have general supervision, direction, and control over the business of the Corporation and over its officers. The Chief Executive Officer shall perform all duties incident to the office of the Chief Executive Officer, and any other duties as may be from time to time assigned to the Chief Executive Officer by the Board of Directors, in each case subject to the control of the Board of Directors.
Section 4.04 President. The President shall report and be responsible to the Chief Executive Officer. The President shall have such powers and perform such duties as from time to time may be assigned or delegated to the President by the Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer or that are incident to the office of president.
Section 4.05 Vice Presidents. Each vice president of the Corporation shall have such powers and perform such duties as may be assigned to him or her from time to time by the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer, or the President, or that are incident to the office of vice president.
Section 4.06 Secretary. The Secretary shall attend all sessions of the Board of Directors and all meetings of the stockholders and record all votes and the minutes of all proceedings in a book to be kept for that purpose, and shall perform like duties for committees of the Board of Directors when required. He or she shall give, or cause to be given, notice of all meetings of the stockholders and meetings of the Board of Directors, and shall perform such other duties as may be prescribed by the Board of Directors, the Chair of the Board, or the Chief Executive Officer. The Secretary shall keep in safe custody the seal of the Corporation and have authority to affix the seal to all documents requiring it and attest to the same.
Section 4.07 Chief Financial Officer. The Chief Financial Officer shall be the principal financial and accounting officer of the Corporation and shall have such powers and perform such duties as may be assigned by the Board of Directors, the Chair of the Board, or the Chief Executive Officer.
Section 4.08 Treasurer. The treasurer of the Corporation shall have the custody of the Corporation’s funds and securities, except as otherwise provided by the Board of Directors, and shall keep full and accurate accounts of receipts and disbursements in records belonging to the Corporation and shall deposit all moneys and other valuable effects in the name and to the credit of the Corporation in such depositories as may be designated by the Board of Directors. The treasurer shall disburse the funds of the Corporation as may be ordered by the Board of Directors, taking proper vouchers for such disbursements, and shall render to the Chief Executive Officer and the President and the directors, at the regular meetings of the Board of Directors, or whenever they may require it, an account of all his or her transactions as treasurer and of the financial condition of the Corporation.
Section 4.09 Other Officers. Such other officers as the Board of Directors may choose shall perform such duties and have such powers as from time to time may be assigned to them by the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors may delegate to any other officer of the Corporation the power to choose such other officers and to prescribe their respective duties and powers.
Section 4.10 Duties of Officers May Be Delegated. In case any officer is absent, or for any other reason that the Board of Directors may deem sufficient, the Chief Executive Officer or the President or the Board of Directors may delegate for the time being the powers or duties of such officer to any other officer or to any director.
ARTICLE
V
INDEMNIFICATION
Section 5.01 Indemnification. The Corporation shall indemnify and hold harmless to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law as it presently exists or may hereafter be amended, any person who was or is made or is threatened to be made a party or is otherwise involved in any action, suit, or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative, or investigative (a “Proceeding”), by reason of the fact that he or she, or a person for whom he or she is the legal representative, is or was a director or officer of the Corporation or, while a director or officer of the Corporation, is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee, or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, enterprise, or nonprofit entity, including service with respect to employee benefit plans, against all liability and loss suffered and expenses (including attorneys’ fees) actually and reasonably incurred by such person. Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, the Corporation shall be required to indemnify a person in connection with a Proceeding (or part thereof) commenced by such person only if the commencement of such Proceeding (or part thereof) by the person was authorized in the specific case by the Board of Directors.
Section 5.02 Advancement of Expenses. The Corporation shall pay the expenses (including attorneys’ fees) actually and reasonably incurred by a director or officer of the Corporation in defending any Proceeding in advance of its final disposition, upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of such person to repay all amounts advanced if it shall ultimately be determined by final judicial decision from which there is no further right to appeal that such person is not entitled to be indemnified for such expenses under this Section 5.02 or otherwise. Payment of such expenses actually and reasonably incurred by such person, may be made by the Corporation, subject to such terms and conditions as the general counsel of the Corporation in his or her discretion deems appropriate.
Section 5.03 Non-Exclusivity of Rights. The rights conferred on any person by this Article V will not be exclusive of any other right which such person may have or hereafter acquire under any statute, provision of the Certificate of Incorporation, these by-laws, agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors, or otherwise, both as to action in his or her official capacity and as to action in another capacity while holding office. The Corporation is specifically authorized to enter into individual contracts with any or all of its directors, officers, employees, or agents respecting indemnification and advances, to the fullest extent not prohibited by the DGCL.
Section 5.04 Other Indemnification. The Corporation’s obligation, if any, to indemnify any person who was or is serving at its request as a director, officer, employee, or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, enterprise, or nonprofit entity shall be reduced by any amount such person may collect as indemnification from such other corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, enterprise, or nonprofit entity.
Section 5.05 Insurance. The Corporation may purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a director, officer, employee, or agent of the Corporation, or is or was serving at the request of Corporation as a director, officer, employee, or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, enterprise, or nonprofit entity against any liability asserted against him or her and incurred by him or her in any such capacity, or arising out of his or her status as such, whether or not the Corporation would have the power to indemnify him or her against such liability under the provisions of the DGCL.
Section 5.06 Repeal, Amendment, or Modification. Any amendment, repeal, or modification of this Article V shall not adversely affect any right or protection hereunder of any person in respect of any act or omission occurring prior to the time of such repeal or modification.
ARTICLE
VI
Stock Certificates and Their Transfer
Section 6.01 Certificates Representing Shares. The shares of stock of the Corporation shall be represented by certificates; provided that the Board of Directors may provide by resolution or resolutions that some or all of any class or series shall be uncertificated shares that may be evidenced by a book-entry system maintained by the registrar of such stock. If shares are represented by certificates, such certificates shall be in the form, other than bearer form, approved by the Board of Directors. The certificates representing shares of stock shall be signed by, or in the name of, the Corporation by any two authorized officers of the Corporation. Any or all such signatures may be facsimiles. In case any officer, transfer agent, or registrar who has signed such a certificate ceases to be an officer, transfer agent, or registrar before such certificate has been issued, it may nevertheless be issued by the Corporation with the same effect as if the signatory were still such at the date of its issue.
Section 6.02 Transfers of Stock. Stock of the Corporation shall be transferable in the manner prescribed by law and in these by-laws. Transfers of stock shall be made on the books administered by or on behalf of the Corporation only by the direction of the registered holder thereof or such person’s attorney, lawfully constituted in writing, and, in the case of certificated shares, upon the surrender to the Company or its transfer agent or other designated agent of the certificate thereof, which shall be cancelled before a new certificate or uncertificated shares shall be issued.
Section 6.03 Transfer Agents and Registrars. The Board of Directors may appoint, or authorize any officer or officers to appoint, one or more transfer agents and one or more registrars.
Section 6.04 Lost, Stolen, or Destroyed Certificates. The Board of Directors or the Secretary may direct a new certificate or uncertificated shares to be issued in place of any certificate theretofore issued by the Corporation alleged to have been lost, stolen, or destroyed upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the owner of the allegedly lost, stolen, or destroyed certificate. When authorizing such issue of a new certificate or uncertificated shares, the Board of Directors or the Secretary may, in its discretion and as a condition precedent to the issuance thereof, require the owner of the lost, stolen, or destroyed certificate, or the owner’s legal representative to give the Corporation a bond sufficient to indemnify it against any claim that may be made against the Corporation with respect to the certificate alleged to have been lost, stolen, or destroyed or the issuance of such new certificate or uncertificated shares.
ARTICLE
VII
General Provisions
Section 7.01 Seal. The seal of the Corporation shall be in such form as shall be approved by the Board of Directors. The seal may be used by causing it or a facsimile thereof to be impressed or affixed or reproduced or otherwise, as may be prescribed by law or custom or by the Board of Directors.
Section 7.02 Fiscal Year. The fiscal year of the Corporation shall be the calendar year.
Section 7.03 Checks, Notes, Drafts, Etc. All checks, notes, drafts, or other orders for the payment of money of the Corporation shall be signed, endorsed, or accepted in the name of the Corporation by such officer, officers, person, or persons as from time to time may be designated by the Board of Directors or by an officer or officers authorized by the Board of Directors to make such designation.
Section 7.04 Conflict with Applicable Law or Certificate of Incorporation. These by-laws are adopted subject to any applicable law and the Certificate of Incorporation. Whenever these by-laws may conflict with any applicable law or the Certificate of Incorporation, such conflict shall be resolved in favor of such law or the Certificate of Incorporation.
Section 7.05 Books and Records. Any records administered by or on behalf of the Corporation in the regular course of its business, including its stock ledger, books of account, and minute books, may be maintained on any information storage device, method, or one or more electronic networks or databases (including one or more distributed electronic networks or databases); provided that the records so kept can be converted into clearly legible paper form within a reasonable time, and, with respect to the stock ledger, the records so kept comply with Section 224 of the DGCL. The Corporation shall so convert any records so kept upon the request of any person entitled to inspect such records pursuant to applicable law.
Section 7.06 Forum for Adjudication of Disputes.
(a) Unless the Corporation consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware (or, if the Court of Chancery does not have jurisdiction, the federal district court for the District of Delaware) shall be the sole and exclusive forum for:
(i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of the Corporation;
(ii) any action asserting a claim for breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any director, officer, employee, or agent of the Corporation to the Corporation or the Corporation’s stockholders;
(iii) any action asserting a claim arising pursuant to any provision of the Delaware General Corporation Law, the Certificate of Incorporation, or these by-laws; or
(iv) any action asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs doctrine;
in each case, subject to said court having personal jurisdiction over the indispensable parties named as defendants therein. If any action the subject matter of which is within the scope of this Section 7.06 is filed in a court other than a court located within the State of Delaware (a “Foreign Action”) in the name of any stockholder, such stockholder shall be deemed to have consented to: (i) the personal jurisdiction of the state and federal courts located within the State of Delaware in connection with any action brought in any such court to enforce this Section 7.06 (an “Enforcement Action”); and (ii) having service of process made upon such stockholder in any such Enforcement Action by service upon such stockholder’s counsel in the Foreign Action as agent for such stockholder. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in shares of capital stock of the Corporation shall be deemed to have notice of and consented to the provisions of this Section 7.06(a).
(b) Unless the Corporation consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the federal district courts of the United States of America located in the Southern District of Florida shall be the exclusive forum for the resolution of any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act of 1933. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in shares of capital stock of the Corporation shall be deemed to have notice of and consented to the provisions of this Section 7.06(b).
ARTICLE
VIII
Amendments
These by-laws may be adopted, amended, or repealed by the stockholders entitled to vote; provided, however, that the Corporation may, in its Certificate of Incorporation, confer the power to adopt, amend, or repeal these by-laws upon the Board of Directors; and, provided further, that any proposal by a stockholder to amend these by-laws will be subject to the provisions of Article II of these by-laws except as otherwise required by law. The fact that such power has been so conferred upon the Board of Directors will not divest the stockholders of the power, nor limit their power to adopt, amend, or repeal by-laws.
Exhibit 4.2
WARRANT AGENT AGREEMENT
WARRANT AGENT AGREEMENT (this “Warrant Agreement”) dated as of [ ], 2021 (the “Issuance Date”) between Alfi, Inc., a company incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware (the “Company”), and VStock Transfer, LLC (the “Warrant Agent”).
WHEREAS, pursuant to the terms of that certain Underwriting Agreement (“Underwriting Agreement”), dated [ ], 2021, by and among the Company and Kingswood Capital Markets, division of Benchmark Investments, Inc., as representative of the underwriters set forth therein, the Company is engaged in a public offering (the “Offering”) of up to [ ] shares (the “Shares”) of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Common Stock”) of the Company and up to [ ] Warrants (the “Warrants”) to purchase shares of Common Stock (the “Warrant Shares”), including Shares and Warrants issuable pursuant to the underwriters’ over-allotment option;
WHEREAS, the Company has filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) a Registration Statement, No. 333-251929, on Form S-1 (as the same may be amended from time to time, the “Registration Statement”), for the registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), of the Shares, Warrants and Warrant Shares, and such Registration Statement was declared effective on [ ], 2021;
WHEREAS, the Company desires the Warrant Agent to act on behalf of the Company, and the Warrant Agent is willing to so act, in accordance with the terms set forth in this Warrant Agreement in connection with the issuance, registration, transfer, exchange and exercise of the Warrants;
WHEREAS, the Company desires to provide for the provisions of the Warrants, the terms upon which they shall be issued and exercised, and the respective rights, limitation of rights, and immunities of the Company, the Warrant Agent, and the holders of the Warrants; and
WHEREAS, all acts and things have been done and performed which are necessary to make the Warrants the valid, binding and legal obligations of the Company, and to authorize the execution and delivery of this Warrant Agreement.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual agreements herein contained, the parties hereto agree as follows:
1. Appointment of Warrant Agent. The Company hereby appoints the Warrant Agent to act as agent for the Company with respect to the Warrants, and the Warrant Agent hereby accepts such appointment and agrees to perform the same in accordance with the express terms and conditions set forth in this Warrant Agreement (and no implied terms or conditions).
2. Warrants.
2.1. Form of Warrants. The Warrants shall be registered securities and shall be initially evidenced by a global Warrant certificate (“Global Certificate”) in the form of Annex A to this Warrant Agreement, which shall be deposited on behalf of the Company with a custodian for The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) and registered in the name of Cede & Co., as nominee of DTC. If DTC subsequently ceases to make its settlement system available for the Warrants, the Company may instruct the Warrant Agent regarding making arrangements for book-entry settlement. In the event that the Warrants are not eligible for, or it is no longer necessary to have the Warrants available in, registration in the name of Cede & Co., as nominee of DTC, the Company may instruct the Warrant Agent to provide written instructions to DTC to deliver to the Warrant Agent for cancellation the Global Certificate, and the Company shall instruct the Warrant Agent to deliver to each Holder (as defined below) separate certificates evidencing the Warrants (“Definitive Certificates” and, together with the Global Certificate, “Warrant Certificates”), in the form of Annex C to this Warrant Agreement. The Warrants represented by the Global Certificate are referred to as “Global Warrants”.
2.2. Issuance and Registration of Warrants.
2.2.1. Warrant Register. The Warrant Agent shall maintain books (“Warrant Register”) for the registration of original issuance and the registration of transfer of the Warrants. Any person in whose name ownership of a beneficial interest in the Warrants evidenced by a Global Certificate is recorded in the records maintained by DTC or its nominee shall be deemed the “beneficial owner” thereof, provided that all such beneficial interests shall be held through a Participant (as defined below), which shall be the registered holder of such Warrants.
2.2.2. Issuance of Warrants. Upon the initial issuance of the Warrants, the Warrant Agent shall issue the Global Certificate and deliver the Warrants in the DTC settlement system in accordance with written instructions delivered to the Warrant Agent by the Company. Ownership of beneficial interests in the Warrants shall be shown on, and the transfer of such ownership shall be effected through, records maintained (i) by DTC and (ii) by institutions that have accounts with DTC (each, a “Participant”), subject to a Holder’s right to elect to receive a Definitive Certificate. Any Holder desiring to elect to receive a Warrant in certificated form shall make such request in writing delivered to the Warrant Agent pursuant to Section 2.2.8, and shall surrender to the Warrant Agent the interest of the Holder on the books of the Participant evidencing the Warrants which are to be represented by a Definitive Certificate through the DTC settlement system. Thereupon, the Warrant Agent shall countersign and deliver to the person entitled thereto a Definitive Certificate or Definitive Certificates, as the case may be, as so requested. Alternatively, non-certificated warrants may be issued and the Warrant Agent will deliver a statement representing the book-entry position to the Holder upon written instructions from the Company, the Holder, or DTC.
2.2.3. Beneficial Owner; Holder. Prior to due presentment for registration of transfer of any Warrant, the Company and the Warrant Agent may deem and treat the person in whose name that Warrant shall be registered on the Warrant Register (the “Holder”) as the absolute owner of such Warrant for purposes of any exercise thereof, and for all other purposes, and neither the Company nor the Warrant Agent shall be affected by any notice to the contrary. Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing herein shall prevent the Company, the Warrant Agent or any agent of the Company or the Warrant Agent from giving effect to any written certification, proxy or other authorization furnished by DTC governing the exercise of the rights of a holder of a beneficial interest in any Warrant. The rights of beneficial owners in a Warrant evidenced by the Global Certificate shall be exercised by the Holder or a Participant through the DTC system, except to the extent set forth herein or in the Global Certificate.
2.2.4. Execution. The Warrant Certificates shall be executed on behalf of the Company by any authorized officer of the Company (an “Authorized Officer”), which need not be the same authorized signatory for all of the Warrant Certificates, either manually or by facsimile signature. The Warrant Certificates shall be countersigned by an authorized signatory of the Warrant Agent, which need not be the same signatory for all of the Warrant Certificates, and no Warrant Certificate shall be valid for any purpose unless so countersigned. In case any Authorized Officer of the Company that signed any of the Warrant Certificates ceases to be an Authorized Officer of the Company before countersignature by the Warrant Agent and issuance and delivery by the Company, such Warrant Certificates, nevertheless, may be countersigned by the Warrant Agent, issued and delivered with the same force and effect as though the person who signed such Warrant Certificates had not ceased to be such officer of the Company; and any Warrant Certificate may be signed on behalf of the Company by any person who, at the actual date of the execution of such Warrant Certificate, shall be an Authorized Officer of the Company authorized to sign such Warrant Certificate, although at the date of the execution of this Warrant Agreement any such person was not such an Authorized Officer.
2
2.2.5. Registration of Transfer. At any time at or prior to the Expiration Date (as defined below), a transfer of any Warrants may be registered and any Warrant Certificate or Warrant Certificates may be split up, combined or exchanged for another Warrant Certificate or Warrant Certificates evidencing the same number of Warrants as the Warrant Certificate or Warrant Certificates surrendered. Any Holder desiring to register the transfer of Warrants or to split up, combine or exchange any Warrant Certificate shall make such request in writing delivered to the Warrant Agent, and shall surrender to the Warrant Agent the Warrant Certificate or Warrant Certificates evidencing the Warrants the transfer of which is to be registered or that is or are to be split up, combined or exchanged. Thereupon, the Warrant Agent shall countersign and deliver to the person entitled thereto a Warrant Certificate or Warrant Certificates, as the case may be, as so requested. The Warrant Agent may require reasonable and customary payment, by the Holder requesting a registration of transfer of Warrants or a split-up, combination or exchange of a Warrant Certificate (but, for purposes of clarity, not upon the exercise of the Warrants and issuance of Warrant Shares to the Holder), of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or governmental charge that may be imposed in connection with such registration of transfer, split-up, combination or exchange, together with reimbursement to the Warrant Agent of all reasonable expenses incidental thereto.
2.2.6. Loss, Theft and Mutilation of Warrant Certificates. Upon receipt by the Company and the Warrant Agent of evidence reasonably satisfactory to them of the loss, theft, destruction or mutilation of a Warrant Certificate, and, in case of loss, theft or destruction, of indemnity or security in customary form and amount, and reimbursement to the Company and the Warrant Agent of all reasonable expenses incidental thereto, and upon surrender to the Warrant Agent and cancellation of the Warrant Certificate if mutilated, the Warrant Agent shall, on behalf of the Company, countersign and deliver a new Warrant Certificate of like tenor to the Holder in lieu of the Warrant Certificate so lost, stolen, destroyed or mutilated. The Warrant Agent may charge the Holder an administrative fee for processing the replacement of lost Warrant Certificates, which shall be charged only once in instances where a single surety bond obtained covers multiple certificates. The Warrant Agent may receive compensation from the surety companies or surety bond agents for administrative services provided to them.
2.2.7. Proxies. The Holder of a Warrant may grant proxies or otherwise authorize any person, including the Participants and beneficial holders that may own interests through the Participants, to take any action that a Holder is entitled to take under this Agreement or the Warrants; provided, however, that at all times that Warrants are evidenced by a Global Certificate, exercise of those Warrants shall be effected on their behalf by Participants through DTC in accordance the procedures administered by DTC.
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2.2.8. Warrant Certificate Request. A Holder has the right to elect at any time or from time to time a Warrant Exchange (as defined below) pursuant to a Warrant Certificate Request Notice (as defined below). Upon written notice by a Holder to the Warrant Agent for the exchange of some or all of such Holder’s Global Warrants for a Definitive Certificate evidencing the same number of Warrants, which request shall be in the form attached hereto as Annex E (a “Warrant Certificate Request Notice” and the date of delivery of such Warrant Certificate Request Notice by the Holder, the “Warrant Certificate Request Notice Date” and the deemed surrender upon delivery by the Holder of a number of Global Warrants for the same number of Warrants evidenced by a Definitive Certificate, a “Warrant Exchange”), the Warrant Agent shall promptly effect the Warrant Exchange and shall promptly issue and deliver to the Holder a Definitive Certificate for such number of Warrants in the name set forth in the Warrant Certificate Request Notice. Such Definitive Certificate shall be dated the original issue date of the Warrants, shall be manually executed by an authorized signatory of the Company, shall be in the form attached hereto as Annex C, and shall be reasonably acceptable in all respects to such Holder. In connection with a Warrant Exchange, the Company agrees to deliver, or to direct the Warrant Agent to deliver, the Definitive Certificate to the Holder within the earlier of (i) two (2) Trading Days and (ii) the number of Trading Days comprising the Standard Settlement Period of the Warrant Certificate Request Notice pursuant to the delivery instructions in the Warrant Certificate Request Notice (“Warrant Certificate Delivery Date”). If the Company fails for any reason to deliver to the Holder the Definitive Certificate subject to the Warrant Certificate Request Notice by the Warrant Certificate Delivery Date, the Company shall pay to the Holder, in cash, as liquidated damages and not as a penalty, for each $1,000 of Warrant Shares evidenced by such Definitive Certificate (based on the VWAP (as defined in the Warrants) of the Common Stock on the Warrant Certificate Request Notice Date), $10 per Business Day for each Business Day after such Warrant Certificate Delivery Date until such Definitive Certificate is delivered or, prior to delivery of such Warrant Certificate, the Holder rescinds such Warrant Exchange. The Company covenants and agrees that, upon the date of delivery of the Warrant Certificate Request Notice, the Holder shall be deemed to be the holder of the Definitive Certificate and, notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth herein, the Definitive Certificate shall be deemed for all purposes to contain all of the terms and conditions of the Warrants evidenced by such Warrant Certificate and the terms of this Warrant Agreement.
2.2.9. For purposes of clarity, if there is a conflict between the express terms of this Warrant Agreement and the Warrant certificate in the form of Annex C hereto with respect to terms of the Warrants, the terms of the Warrant certificate shall govern and control.
3. Terms and Exercise of Warrants.
3.1. Exercise Price. Each Warrant shall entitle the Holder, subject to the provisions of the applicable Warrant Certificate and of this Warrant Agreement, to purchase from the Company the number of shares of Common Stock stated therein, at the price of $[ ] per whole share, subject to the subsequent adjustments provided in Section 4 hereof. The term “Exercise Price” as used in this Warrant Agreement refers to the price per share at which shares of Common Stock may be purchased at the time a Warrant is exercised.
3.2. Duration of Warrants. Warrants may be exercised only during the period (“Exercise Period”) commencing on the Issuance Date and terminating at 5:00 P.M., New York City time (the “close of business”) on [ ], 2026 (“Expiration Date”). Each Warrant not exercised on or before the Expiration Date shall become void, and all rights thereunder and all rights in respect thereof under this Warrant Agreement shall cease at the close of business on the Expiration Date.
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3.3. Exercise of Warrants.
3.3.1. Exercise and Payment.
(a) Exercise of the purchase rights represented by a Warrant may be made, in whole or in part, at any time or times during the Exercise Period by delivery to the Warrant Agent (with a copy to the Company) of the Notice of Exercise in the form annexed as Annex B hereto (the “Notice of Exercise”). Within the earlier of (i) two (2) Trading Days and (ii) the number of Trading Days comprising the Standard Settlement Period following the date the Holder delivers the Notice of Exercise as aforesaid, the Holder shall deliver the aggregate Exercise Price for the shares specified in the applicable Notice of Exercise by wire transfer or cashier’s check drawn on a United States bank unless the cashless exercise procedure specified in Section 3.3.6 below is specified in the applicable Notice of Exercise. No ink-original Notice of Exercise shall be required, nor shall any medallion guarantee (or other type of guarantee or notarization) of any Notice of Exercise form be required. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Holder shall surrender such Warrant to the Warrant Agent for cancellation within three (3) Trading Days of the date the Notice of Exercise is delivered to the Warrant Agent. Partial exercises of a Warrant resulting in purchases of a portion of the total number of Warrant Shares available thereunder shall have the effect of lowering the outstanding number of Warrant Shares purchasable hereunder in an amount equal to the applicable number of Warrant Shares purchased. The Holder and the Warrant Agent shall maintain records showing the number of Warrant Shares purchased and the date of such purchases. The Warrant Agent shall deliver any objection to any Notice of Exercise within one (1) Business Day of receipt of such notice. The Holder and any assignee, by acceptance of a Warrant, acknowledge and agree that, by reason of the provisions of this paragraph, following the purchase of a portion of the Warrant Shares under a Warrant, the number of Warrant Shares available for purchase thereunder at any given time may be less than the amount stated on the face thereof.
(b) Notwithstanding the foregoing in this Section 3.3.1, a holder whose interest in a Warrant is a beneficial interest in certificate(s) representing such Warrant held in registered form through DTC (or another established clearing corporation performing similar functions), shall effect exercises made pursuant to this Section 3.3.1 by delivering to DTC (or such other clearing corporation, as applicable) the appropriate instruction form for exercise, complying with the procedures to effect exercise that are required by DTC (or such other clearing corporation, as applicable), subject to a holder’s right to elect to receive a Definitive Warrant pursuant to the terms of this Warrant Agreement, in which case this sentence shall not apply. Upon giving irrevocable instructions to its Participant to exercise Warrants, solely for purposes of Regulation SHO, the holder whose interest in the Warrant is a beneficial interest shall be deemed to have exercised such Warrant, regardless of when the applicable Warrant Shares are delivered to such holder.
3.3.2. Issuance of Warrant Shares.
(a) The Warrant Agent shall, on the Trading Day following the date it receives a Notice of Exercise, advise the Company and the transfer agent and registrar for the Company’s Common Stock (if the Warrant Agent is not the transfer agent), in respect of (i) the number of Warrant Shares indicated on the Notice of Exercise as issuable upon such exercise with respect to such exercised Warrants, (ii) the instructions of the Holder or Participant, as the case may be, provided to the Warrant Agent with respect to the delivery of the Warrant Shares and the number of Warrants that remain outstanding after such exercise and (iii) such other information as the Company or such transfer agent and registrar shall reasonably request.
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(b) The Company shall cause the Warrant Shares purchased hereunder to be transmitted by the Transfer Agent to the Holder by crediting the account of the Holder’s or its designee’s balance account with DTC through its Deposit or Withdrawal at Custodian system (“DWAC”) if the Company is then a participant in such system and either (A) there is an effective registration statement permitting the issuance of the Warrant Shares to or resale of the Warrant Shares by the Holder or (B) the Warrant is being exercised via cashless exercise, and otherwise by physical delivery of a certificate, registered in the Company’s share register in the name of the Holder or its designee, for the number of Warrant Shares to which the Holder is entitled pursuant to such exercise to the address specified by the Holder in the Notice of Exercise by the date that is the earlier of (i) two (2) Trading Days and (ii) the number of Trading Days comprising the Standard Settlement Period after the delivery to the Company of the Notice of Exercise (such date, the “Warrant Share Delivery Date”). Upon delivery of the Notice of Exercise, the Holder shall be deemed for all corporate purposes to have become the holder of record of the Warrant Shares with respect to which a Warrant has been exercised, irrespective of the date of delivery of the Warrant Shares, provided that payment of the aggregate Exercise Price (other than in the case of a cashless exercise) is received within the earlier of (i) two (2) Trading Days of and (ii) the number of Trading Days comprising the Standard Settlement Period following delivery of the Notice of Exercise. If the Company fails for any reason to deliver to the Holder the Warrant Shares subject to a Notice of Exercise by the Warrant Share Delivery Date, the Company shall pay to the Holder, in cash, as liquidated damages and not as a penalty, for each $1,000 of Warrant Shares subject to such exercise (based on the VWAP of the Common Stock on the date of the applicable Notice of Exercise), $10 per Trading Day (increasing to $20 per Trading Day on the fifth Trading Day after such liquidated damages begin to accrue) for each Trading Day after such Warrant Share Delivery Date until such Warrant Shares are delivered or Holder rescinds such exercise. The Company agrees to maintain a transfer agent that is a participant in the FAST program so long as the Warrants remain outstanding and exercisable. As used herein, “Standard Settlement Period” means the standard settlement period, expressed in a number of Trading Days, on the Company’s primary Trading Market with respect to the Common Stock as in effect on the date of delivery of the Notice of Exercise.
3.3.3. Valid Issuance. All Warrant Shares issued by the Company upon the proper exercise of a Warrant in conformity with this Warrant Agreement shall be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable.
3.3.4. No Fractional Exercise. No fractional Warrant Shares will be issued upon the exercise of the Warrant. If, by reason of any adjustment made pursuant to Section 4, a Holder would be entitled, upon the exercise of such Warrant, to receive a fractional interest in a share, the Company shall, upon such exercise, round up or down, as applicable, to the nearest whole number the number of Warrant Shares to be issued to such Holder.
3.3.5. No Transfer Taxes. Issuance of Warrant Shares shall be made without charge to the Holder for any issue or transfer tax or other incidental expense in respect of the issuance of such Warrant Shares, all of which taxes and expenses shall be paid by the Company, and such Warrant Shares shall be issued in the name of the Holder or in such name or names as may be directed by the Holder; provided, however, that in the event Warrant Shares are to be issued in a name other than the name of the Holder, the Warrant when surrendered for exercise shall be accompanied by the Assignment Form attached hereto duly executed by the Holder and the Company may require, as a condition thereto, the payment of a sum sufficient to reimburse it for any transfer tax incidental thereto. The Company shall pay all Transfer Agent fees required for same-day processing of any Notice of Exercise and all fees to the DTC (or another established clearing corporation performing similar functions) required for same-day electronic delivery of the Warrant Shares.
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3.3.6. Restrictive Legend Events; Cashless Exercise Under Certain Circumstances.
(i) The Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to maintain the effectiveness of the Registration Statement and the current status of the prospectus included therein or to file and maintain the effectiveness of another registration statement and another current prospectus covering the Warrants and the Warrant Shares at any time that the Warrants are exercisable. The Company shall provide to the Warrant Agent and each Holder prompt written notice of any time that the Company is unable to deliver the Warrant Shares via DTC transfer or otherwise without restrictive legend because (A) the Commission has issued a stop order with respect to the Registration Statement, (B) the Commission otherwise has suspended or withdrawn the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, either temporarily or permanently, (C) the Company has suspended or withdrawn the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, either temporarily or permanently, (D) the prospectus contained in the Registration Statement is not available for the issuance of the Warrant Shares to the Holder or (E) otherwise (each a “Restrictive Legend Event”). To the extent that the Warrants cannot be exercised as a result of a Restrictive Legend Event or a Restrictive Legend Event occurs after a Holder has exercised Warrants in accordance with the terms of the Warrants but prior to the delivery of the Warrant Shares, the Company shall, at the election of the Holder, which shall be given within five (5) days of receipt of such notice of the Restrictive Legend Event, either (A) rescind the previously submitted Notice of Exercise and the Company shall return all consideration paid by registered holder for such shares upon such rescission or (B) treat the attempted exercise as a cashless exercise as described in paragraph (ii) below and refund the cash portion of the exercise price to the Holder.
(ii) If a Restrictive Legend Event has occurred and is continuing, the Warrants may also be exercisable on a cashless basis. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Company shall not be required to make any cash payments or net cash settlement to the Holder in lieu of delivery of the Warrant Shares. Upon a “cashless exercise”, the Holder shall be entitled to receive the number of Warrant Shares equal to the quotient (if such quotient would be a positive number) obtained by dividing (A-B) (X) by (A), where:
(A) = As applicable: (i) the VWAP on the Trading Day immediately preceding the date of the applicable Notice of Exercise if such Notice of Exercise is (1) both executed and delivered pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof on a day that is not a Trading Day or (2) both executed and delivered pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof on a Trading Day prior to the opening of “regular trading hours” (as defined in Rule 600(b)(68) of Regulation NMS promulgated under the federal securities laws) on such Trading Day, (ii) at the option of the Holder, either (y) the VWAP on the Trading Day immediately preceding the date of the applicable Notice of Exercise or (z) the Bid Price of the Common Shares on the principal Trading Market as reported by Bloomberg L.P. as of the time of the Holder’s execution of the applicable Notice of Exercise if such Notice of Exercise is executed during “regular trading hours” on a Trading Day and is delivered within two (2) hours thereafter (including until two (2) hours after the close of “regular trading hours” on a Trading Day) pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof, or (iii) the VWAP on the date of the applicable Notice of Exercise if the date of such Notice of Exercise is a Trading Day and such Notice of Exercise is both executed and delivered pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof after the close of “regular trading hours” on such Trading Day.
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(B) = The Exercise Price then in effect for the applicable Warrant Shares at the time of such exercise.
(X) = the number of Warrant Shares that would be issuable upon exercise of the Warrant in accordance with the terms of the Warrant if such exercise were by means of a cash exercise rather than a cashless exercise.
If the Warrant Shares are issued in such a cashless exercise, the Company acknowledges and agrees that, in accordance with Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act, the Warrant Shares shall take on the registered characteristics of the Warrants being exercised and the holding period of the Warrants being exercised may be tacked to the holding period of the Warrant Shares, and the Company agrees not to take any position contrary thereto, except as required by applicable law based on additional facts and circumstances. Upon receipt of a Notice of Exercise for a cashless exercise, the Warrant Agent will promptly deliver a copy of the Notice of Exercise to the Company to confirm the number of Warrant Shares issuable in connection with the cashless exercise. The Company shall calculate and transmit to the Warrant Agent in a written notice, and the Warrant Agent shall have no duty, responsibility or obligation under this section to calculate, the number of Warrant Shares issuable in connection with any cashless exercise. The Warrant Agent shall be entitled to rely conclusively on any such written notice provided by the Company, and the Warrant Agent shall not be liable for any action taken, suffered or omitted to be taken by it in accordance with such written instructions or pursuant to this Warrant Agreement.
3.3.7. Disputes. In the case of a dispute as to the determination of the Exercise Price or the arithmetic calculation of the number of Warrant Shares issuable in connection with any exercise, the Company shall promptly deliver to the Holder the number of Warrant Shares that are not disputed.
3.3.8. Compensation for Buy-In on Failure to Timely Deliver Warrant Shares Upon Exercise. In addition to any other rights available to the Holder, if the Company fails to cause the Transfer Agent to transmit to the Holder the Warrant Shares in accordance with the provisions of Section 3.3.2(b) above pursuant to an exercise on or before the Warrant Share Delivery Date, and if after such date the Holder is required by its broker to purchase (in an open market transaction or otherwise) or the Holder’s brokerage firm otherwise purchases, shares of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by the Holder of the Warrant Shares which the Holder anticipated receiving upon such exercise (a “Buy-In”), then the Company shall (A) pay in cash to the Holder the amount, if any, by which (x) the Holder’s total purchase price (including brokerage commissions, if any) for the shares of Common Stock so purchased exceeds (y) the amount obtained by multiplying (1) the number of Warrant Shares that the Company was required to deliver to the Holder in connection with the exercise at issue times (2) the price at which the sell order giving rise to such purchase obligation was executed, and (B) at the option of the Holder, either reinstate the portion of the Warrant and equivalent number of Warrant Shares for which such exercise was not honored (in which case such exercise shall be deemed rescinded) or deliver to the Holder the number of shares of Common Stock that would have been issued had the Company timely complied with its exercise and delivery obligations hereunder. For example, if the Holder purchases Common Stock having a total purchase price of $11,000 to cover a Buy-In with respect to an attempted exercise of shares of Common Stock with an aggregate sale price giving rise to such purchase obligation of $10,000, under clause (A) of the immediately preceding sentence the Company shall be required to pay the Holder $1,000. The Holder shall provide the Company written notice indicating the amounts payable to the Holder in respect of the Buy-In and, upon request of the Company, evidence of the amount of such loss. Nothing herein shall limit a Holder’s right to pursue any other remedies available to it hereunder, at law or in equity including, without limitation, a decree of specific performance and/or injunctive relief with respect to the Company’s failure to timely deliver shares of Common Stock upon exercise of the Warrant as required pursuant to the terms hereof.
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3.3.9. Beneficial Ownership Limitation. The Company shall not be required to effect any exercise of a Warrant, and a Holder shall not have the right to exercise any portion of a Warrant, pursuant to Section 3 or otherwise, to the extent that after giving effect to such issuance after exercise as set forth on the applicable Notice of Exercise, the Holder (together with the Holder’s Affiliates (as defined below), and any other persons acting as a group together with the Holder or any of the Holder’s Affiliates (such persons, “Attribution Parties”)), would beneficially own in excess of the Beneficial Ownership Limitation (as defined below). For purposes of the foregoing sentence, the number of shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by the Holder and its Affiliates and Attribution Parties shall include the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of such Warrant with respect to which such determination is being made, but shall exclude the number of shares of Common Stock which would be issuable upon (i) exercise of the remaining, non-exercised portion of such Warrant beneficially owned by the Holder or any of its Affiliates or Attribution Parties and (ii) exercise or conversion of the unexercised or non-converted portion of any other securities of the Company (including, without limitation, any other securities of the Company which would entitle the holder thereof to acquire at any time shares of Common Stock, including, without limitation, any debt, preferred stock, right, option, warrant or other instrument that is at any time convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or otherwise entitles the holder thereof to receive, shares of Common Stock (“Common Stock Equivalents”)) subject to a limitation on conversion or exercise analogous to the limitation contained herein beneficially owned by the Holder or any of its Affiliates or Attribution Parties. Except as set forth in the preceding sentence, for purposes of this Section 3.3.9, beneficial ownership shall be calculated in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, it being acknowledged by the Holder that the Company is not representing to the Holder that such calculation is in compliance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the Holder is solely responsible for any schedules required to be filed in accordance therewith. To the extent that the limitation contained in this Section 3.3.9 applies, the determination of whether a Warrant is exercisable (in relation to other securities owned by the Holder together with any Affiliates and Attribution Parties) and of which portion of a Warrant is exercisable shall be in the sole discretion of the Holder, and the submission of a Notice of Exercise shall be deemed to be the Holder’s determination of whether a Warrant is exercisable (in relation to other securities owned by the Holder together with any Affiliates and Attribution Parties) and of which portion of a Warrant is exercisable, in each case subject to the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, and the Company shall have no obligation to verify or confirm the accuracy of such determination. In addition, a determination as to any group status as contemplated above shall be determined in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. For purposes of this Section 3.3.9, in determining the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock, a Holder may rely on the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock as reflected in (A) the Company’s most recent periodic or annual report filed with the Commission, as the case may be, (B) a more recent public announcement by the Company or (C) a more recent written notice by the Company or the Transfer Agent setting forth the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding. Upon the written or oral request of a Holder, the Company shall within two Trading Days confirm orally and in writing to the Holder the number of shares of Common Stock then outstanding. In any case, the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock shall be determined after giving effect to the conversion or exercise of securities of the Company, including such Warrant, by the Holder or its Affiliates or Attribution Parties since the date as of which such number of outstanding shares of Common Stock was reported. The “Beneficial Ownership Limitation” shall be 4.99% (or, upon election by a Holder prior to the issuance of any Warrants, 9.99%) of the number of shares of the Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the issuance of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of a Warrant. The Holder, upon written notice to the Company and the Warrant Agent, may increase or decrease the Beneficial Ownership Limitation provisions of this Section 3.3.9, provided that the Beneficial Ownership Limitation in no event exceeds 9.99% of the number of shares of the Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the issuance of shares of Common Stock upon exercise of a Warrant held by the Holder and the provisions of this Section 3.3.9 shall continue to apply. Any increase in the Beneficial Ownership Limitation will not be effective until the 61st day after such notice is delivered to the Company. The provisions of this paragraph shall be construed and implemented in a manner otherwise than in strict conformity with the terms of this Section 3.3.9 to correct this paragraph (or any portion hereof) which may be defective or inconsistent with the intended Beneficial Ownership Limitation herein contained or to make changes or supplements necessary or desirable to properly give effect to such limitation. The limitations contained in this paragraph shall apply to a successor holder of a Warrant.
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4. Adjustments.
4.1. Adjustment upon Subdivisions or Combinations. If the Company, at any time while the Warrants are outstanding: (i) pays a stock dividend or otherwise makes a distribution or distributions on shares of its Common Stock or any other equity or equity equivalent securities payable in shares of Common Stock (which, for avoidance of doubt, shall not include any shares of Common Stock issued by the Company upon exercise of the Warrants), (ii) subdivides outstanding shares of Common Stock into a larger number of shares, (iii) combines (including by way of reverse stock split) outstanding shares of Common Stock into a smaller number of shares, or (iv) issues by reclassification of shares of the Common Stock any shares of capital stock of the Company, then in each case the Exercise Price shall be multiplied by a fraction of which the numerator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock (excluding treasury shares, if any) outstanding immediately before such event and of which the denominator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock (excluding treasury shares, if any) outstanding immediately after such event, and the number of shares issuable upon exercise of each Warrant shall be proportionately adjusted such that the aggregate Exercise Price of such Warrant shall remain unchanged. Any adjustment made pursuant to this Section 4.1 shall become effective immediately after the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to receive such dividend or distribution and shall become effective immediately after the effective date in the case of a subdivision, combination or re-classification.
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4.2. Adjustment for Other Distributions.
(a) Subsequent Rights Offerings. In addition to any adjustments pursuant to Section 4.1 above, if at any time the Company grants, issues or sells any Common Stock Equivalents or rights to purchase stock, warrants, securities or other property pro rata to the record holders of any class of shares of Common Stock (the “Purchase Rights”), then the Holder will be entitled to acquire, upon the terms applicable to such Purchase Rights, the aggregate Purchase Rights which the Holder could have acquired if the Holder had held the number of shares of Common Stock acquirable upon complete exercise of a Warrant (without regard to any limitations on exercise hereof, including without limitation, the Beneficial Ownership Limitation) immediately before the date on which a record is taken for the grant, issuance or sale of such Purchase Rights, or, if no such record is taken, the date as of which the record holders of shares of Common Stock are to be determined for the grant, issue or sale of such Purchase Rights (provided, however, to the extent that the Holder’s right to participate in any such Purchase Right would result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, then the Holder shall not be entitled to participate in such Purchase Right to such extent (or beneficial ownership of such shares of Common Stock as a result of such Purchase Right to such extent) and such Purchase Right to such extent shall be held in abeyance for the Holder until such time, if ever, as its right thereto would not result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation).
(b) Dividends. If the Company, at any time during the Exercise Period, shall pay a dividend in cash, securities or other assets to all holders of Common Stock (or other shares of the Company’s capital stock for which the Warrants are exercisable), other than a transaction described in Sections 4.1, 4.2(a) or 4.3 (any such non-excluded event being referred to herein as a “Dividend”), then the Exercise Price shall be decreased, effective immediately after the effective date of such Dividend, by the quotient of (i) the gross amount of cash and/or fair market value (as determined by the Company’s Board of Directors, in good faith) of all securities or other assets paid to the holders of Common Stock (or other shares of the Company’s capital stock for which the Warrants are exercisable) in respect of such Dividend divided by (ii) the sum of the number of shares of Common Stock (or other shares of the Company’s capital stock into which the Warrants are exercisable) outstanding at the time of the Dividend plus the number of shares of Common Stock then issuable upon exercise of all outstanding Warrants, provided, that the Exercise Price shall not be reduced below zero.
4.3. Fundamental Transaction. If, at any time while the Warrants are outstanding, (i) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions effects any merger or consolidation of the Company with or into another person, (ii) the Company, directly or indirectly, effects any sale, lease, license, assignment, transfer, conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially all of its assets in one or a series of related transactions, (iii) any, direct or indirect, purchase offer, tender offer or exchange offer (whether by the Company or another person) is completed pursuant to which all holders of Common Stock are permitted to sell, tender or exchange their shares for other securities, cash or property and has been accepted by the holders of 50% or more of the outstanding Common Stock, (iv) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions effects any reclassification, reorganization or recapitalization of the Common Stock or any compulsory share exchange pursuant to which all outstanding shares of Common Stock are effectively converted into or exchanged for other securities, cash or property, or (v) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions consummates a stock or share purchase agreement or other business combination (including, without limitation, a reorganization, recapitalization, spin-off or scheme of arrangement) with another person or group of persons whereby such other person or group acquires more than 50% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock (not including any shares of Common Stock held by the other person or other persons making or party to, or associated or affiliated with the other Persons making or party to, such stock or share purchase agreement or other business combination) (each a “Fundamental Transaction”), then, upon any subsequent exercise of a Warrant, the Holder shall have the right to receive, for each Warrant Share that would have been issuable upon such exercise immediately prior to the occurrence of such Fundamental Transaction (without regard to any limitation in Section 3.3.9 on the exercise of a Warrant), the number of shares of Common Stock of the successor or acquiring corporation or of the Company, if it is the surviving corporation, and such amount of cash or any other consideration (collectively, the “Alternate Consideration”) receivable as a result of such Fundamental Transaction by a holder of the number of shares of Common Stock for which a Warrant is exercisable immediately prior to such Fundamental Transaction (without regard to any limitation in Section 3.3.9 on the exercise of a Warrant). For purposes of any such exercise, the determination of the Exercise Price shall be appropriately adjusted to apply to such Alternate Consideration based on the amount of Alternate Consideration issuable in respect of one share of Common Stock in such Fundamental Transaction, and the Company shall apportion the Exercise Price among the Alternate Consideration in a reasonable manner reflecting the relative value of any different components of the Alternate Consideration. If holders of Common Stock are given any choice as to the securities, cash or property to be received in a Fundamental Transaction, then the Holder shall be given the same choice as to the Alternate Consideration it receives upon any exercise of a Warrant following such Fundamental Transaction. The Company shall cause any successor entity in a Fundamental Transaction in which the Company is not the survivor (the “Successor Entity”) to assume in writing all of the obligations of the Company under the Warrants in accordance with the provisions of this Section 4.3 pursuant to written agreements prior to or during such Fundamental Transaction. Upon the occurrence of any such Fundamental Transaction, the Successor Entity shall succeed to, and be substituted for (so that from and after the date of such Fundamental Transaction, the provisions of the Warrants referring to the “Company” shall refer instead to the Successor Entity), and may exercise every right and power of the Company and shall assume all of the obligations of the Company under the Warrants with the same effect as if such Successor Entity had been named as the Company therein.
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The Company shall instruct the Warrant Agent in writing to mail by first class mail, postage prepaid, to each Holder, written notice of the execution of any such amendment, supplement or agreement with the Successor Entity. Any supplemented or amended agreement entered into by the successor corporation or transferee shall provide for adjustments, which shall be as nearly equivalent as may be practicable to the adjustments provided for in this Section 4.3. The Warrant Agent shall have no duty, responsibility or obligation to determine the correctness of any provisions contained in such agreement or such notice, including but not limited to any provisions relating either to the kind or amount of securities or other property receivable upon exercise of warrants or with respect to the method employed and provided therein for any adjustments, and shall be entitled to rely conclusively for all purposes upon the provisions contained in any such agreement. The provisions of this Section 4.3 shall similarly apply to successive reclassifications, changes, consolidations, mergers, sales and conveyances of the kind described above.
4.4. Notices to Holder.
(a) Adjustment to Exercise Price. Whenever the Exercise Price is adjusted pursuant to any provision of this Section 4, the Company shall promptly deliver to the Holder by facsimile or email a notice setting forth the Exercise Price after such adjustment and any resulting adjustment to the number of Warrant Shares and setting forth a brief statement of the facts requiring such adjustment.
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(b) Notice to Allow Exercise by Holder. If (A) the Company shall declare a dividend (or any other distribution in whatever form) on the Common Stock, (B) the Company shall declare a special nonrecurring cash dividend on or a redemption of the Common Stock, (C) the Company shall authorize the granting to all holders of the Common Stock rights or warrants to subscribe for or purchase any shares of capital stock of any class or of any rights, (D) the approval of any stockholders of the Company shall be required in connection with any reclassification of the Common Stock, any consolidation or merger to which the Company is a party, any sale or transfer of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, or any compulsory share exchange whereby the Common Stock is converted into other securities, cash or property, or (E) the Company shall authorize the voluntary or involuntary dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the affairs of the Company, then, in each case, the Company shall cause to be delivered by facsimile or email to the Holder at its last facsimile number or email address as it shall appear upon the Warrant Register of the Company, at least 20 calendar days prior to the applicable record or effective date hereinafter specified, a notice stating (x) the date on which a record is to be taken for the purpose of such dividend, distribution, redemption, rights or warrants, or if a record is not to be taken, the date as of which the holders of the Common Stock of record to be entitled to such dividend, distributions, redemption, rights or warrants are to be determined or (y) the date on which such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange is expected to become effective or close, and the date as of which it is expected that holders of the Common Stock of record shall be entitled to exchange their shares of the Common Stock for securities, cash or other property deliverable upon such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange; provided that the failure to deliver such notice or any defect therein or in the delivery thereof shall not affect the validity of the corporate action required to be specified in such notice. To the extent that any notice required by this Warrant Agreement constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information regarding the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, the Company shall simultaneously file such notice with the Commission pursuant to a Current Report on Form 8-K. Provided such notice occurs within the Exercise Period, the Holder shall remain entitled to exercise a Warrant during the period commencing on the date of such notice to the effective date of the event triggering such notice except as may otherwise be expressly set forth herein.
4.5. Other Events. If any event occurs of the type contemplated by the provisions of Section 4.1 or 4.2 but not expressly provided for by such provisions (including, without limitation, the granting of stock appreciation rights, Adjustment Rights, phantom stock rights or other rights with equity features to all holders of Common Stock for no consideration), then the Company's Board of Directors will, at its discretion and in good faith, make an adjustment in the Exercise Price and the number of Warrant Shares or designate such additional consideration to be deemed issuable upon exercise of a Warrant, so as to protect the rights of the registered Holder. No adjustment to the Exercise Price will be made pursuant to more than one sub-section of this Section 4 in connection with a single issuance.
4.6. Notices of Changes in Warrant. Upon every adjustment of the Exercise Price or the number of Warrant Shares issuable upon exercise of a Warrant, the Company shall give written notice thereof to the Warrant Agent, which notice shall state the Exercise Price resulting from such adjustment and the increase or decrease, if any, in the number of Warrant Shares purchasable at such price upon the exercise of a Warrant, setting forth in reasonable detail the method of calculation and the facts upon which such calculation is based. Upon the occurrence of any event specified in Sections 4.1 or 4.2, then, in any such event, the Company shall give written notice to each Holder, at the last address set forth for such holder in the Warrant Register, as of the record date or the effective date of the event. Failure to give such notice, or any defect therein, shall not affect the legality or validity of such event. The Warrant Agent shall be entitled to rely conclusively on, and shall be fully protected in relying on, any certificate, notice or instructions provided by the Company with respect to any adjustment of the Exercise Price or the number of shares issuable upon exercise of a Warrant, or any related matter, and the Warrant Agent shall not be liable for any action taken, suffered or omitted to be taken by it in accordance with any such certificate, notice or instructions or pursuant to this Warrant Agreement. The Warrant Agent shall not be deemed to have knowledge of any such adjustment unless and until it shall have received written notice thereof from the Company.
5. Restrictive Legends; Fractional Warrants. In the event that a Warrant Certificate surrendered for transfer bears a restrictive legend, the Warrant Agent shall not register that transfer until the Warrant Agent has received an opinion of counsel for the Company stating that such transfer may be made and indicating whether the Warrants must also bear a restrictive legend upon that transfer. The Warrant Agent shall not be required to effect any registration of transfer or exchange which will result in the transfer of or delivery of a Warrant Certificate for a fraction of a Warrant.
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6. Other Provisions Relating to Rights of Holders of Warrants.
6.1. No Rights as Stockholder. Except as otherwise specifically provided herein, a Holder, solely in its capacity as a holder of Warrants, shall not be entitled to vote or receive dividends or be deemed the holder of share capital of the Company for any purpose, nor shall anything contained in this Warrant Agreement be construed to confer upon a Holder, solely in its capacity as the registered holder of Warrants, any of the rights of a stockholder of the Company or any right to vote, give or withhold consent to any corporate action (whether any reorganization, issue of stock, reclassification of share capital, consolidation, merger, conveyance or otherwise), receive notice of meetings, receive dividends or subscription rights or rights to participate in new issues of shares, or otherwise, prior to the issuance to the Holder of the Warrant Shares which it is then entitled to receive upon the due exercise of Warrants.
6.2. Reservation of Common Stock. The Company shall at all times reserve and keep available a number of its authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock that will be sufficient to permit the exercise in full of all outstanding Warrants issued pursuant to this Warrant Agreement.
7. Concerning the Warrant Agent and Other Matters.
7.1. Any instructions given to the Warrant Agent orally, as permitted by any provision of this Warrant Agreement, shall be confirmed in writing by the Company as soon as practicable. The Warrant Agent shall not be liable or responsible and shall be fully authorized and protected for acting, or failing to act, in accordance with any oral instructions which do not conform with the written confirmation received in accordance with this Section 7.1.
7.2. (a) Whether or not any Warrants are exercised, for the Warrant Agent’s services as agent for the Company hereunder, the Company shall pay to the Warrant Agent such fees as may be separately agreed between the Company and Warrant Agent and the Warrant Agent’s out of pocket expenses in connection with this Warrant Agreement, including, without limitation, the reasonable fees and expenses of the Warrant Agent’s counsel. While the Warrant Agent endeavors to maintain out-of-pocket charges (both internal and external) at competitive rates, these charges may not reflect actual out-of-pocket costs, and may include handling charges to cover internal processing and use of the Warrant Agent’s billing systems.
(b) All amounts owed by the Company to the Warrant Agent under this Warrant Agreement are due within 30 days of the Company’s receipt of an invoice.
(c) No provision of this Warrant Agreement shall require Warrant Agent to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance of any of its duties under this Warrant Agreement or in the exercise of its rights.
7.3. As agent for the Company hereunder, the Warrant Agent:
(a) shall have no duties or obligations other than those specifically set forth herein or as may subsequently be agreed to in writing by the Warrant Agent and the Company;
(b) shall be regarded as making no representations and having no responsibilities as to the validity, sufficiency, value, or genuineness of the Warrants or any Warrant Shares;
(c) shall not be obligated to take any legal action hereunder; if, however, the Warrant Agent determines to take any legal action hereunder, and where the taking of such action might, in its judgment, subject or expose it to any expense or liability it shall not be required to act unless it has been furnished with an indemnity reasonably satisfactory to it;
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(d) may rely on and shall be fully authorized and protected in acting or failing to act upon any certificate, instrument, opinion, notice, letter, telegram, telex, facsimile transmission or other document or security delivered to the Warrant Agent and believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed by the proper party or parties;
(e) shall not be liable or responsible for any recital or statement contained in the Registration Statement or any other documents relating thereto;
(f) shall not be liable or responsible for any failure on the part of the Company to comply with any of its covenants and obligations relating to the Warrants, including without limitation obligations under applicable securities laws;
(g) may rely on and shall be fully authorized and protected in acting or failing to act upon the written, telephonic or oral instructions with respect to any matter relating to its duties as Warrant Agent covered by this Warrant Agreement (or supplementing or qualifying any such actions) of officers of the Company, and is hereby authorized and directed to accept instructions with respect to the performance of its duties hereunder from the Company or counsel to the Company, and may apply to the Company, for advice or instructions in connection with the Warrant Agent’s duties hereunder, and the Warrant Agent shall not be liable for any delay in acting while waiting for those instructions; any applications by the Warrant Agent for written instructions from the Company may, at the option of the Warrant Agent, set forth in writing any action proposed to be taken or omitted by the Warrant Agent under this Warrant Agreement and the date on or after which such action shall be taken or such omission shall be effective; the Warrant Agent shall not be liable for any action taken by, or omission of, the Warrant Agent in accordance with a proposal included in such application on or after the date specified in such application (which date shall not be less than five business days after the date such application is sent to the Company, unless the Company shall have consented in writing to any earlier date) unless prior to taking any such action, the Warrant Agent shall have received written instructions in response to such application specifying the action to be taken or omitted;
(h) may consult with counsel satisfactory to the Warrant Agent, including its in-house counsel, and the advice of such counsel shall be full and complete authorization and protection in respect of any action taken, suffered, or omitted by it hereunder in good faith and in accordance with the advice of such counsel;
(i) may perform any of its duties hereunder either directly or by or through nominees, correspondents, designees, or subagents, and it shall not be liable or responsible for any misconduct or negligence on the part of any nominee, correspondent, designee, or subagent appointed with reasonable care by it in connection with this Warrant Agreement;
(j) is not authorized, and shall have no obligation, to pay any brokers, dealers, or soliciting fees to any person and
(k) shall not be required hereunder to comply with the laws or regulations of any country other than the United States of America or any political subdivision thereof.
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7.4. (a) In the absence of gross negligence or willful or illegal misconduct on its part, the Warrant Agent shall not be liable for any action taken, suffered, or omitted by it or for any error of judgment made by it in the performance of its duties under this Warrant Agreement. Anything in this Warrant Agreement to the contrary notwithstanding, in no event shall Warrant Agent be liable for special, indirect, incidental, consequential or punitive losses or damages of any kind whatsoever (including but not limited to lost profits), even if the Warrant Agent has been advised of the possibility of such losses or damages and regardless of the form of action. Any liability of the Warrant Agent will be limited in the aggregate to the amount of fees paid by the Company hereunder. The Warrant Agent shall not be liable for any failures, delays or losses, arising directly or indirectly out of conditions beyond its reasonable control including, but not limited to, acts of government, exchange or market ruling, suspension of trading, work stoppages or labor disputes, fires, civil disobedience, riots, rebellions, storms, electrical or mechanical failure, computer hardware or software failure, communications facilities failures including telephone failure, war, terrorism, insurrection, earthquakes, floods, acts of God or similar occurrences.
(b) In the event any question or dispute arises with respect to the proper interpretation of the Warrants or the Warrant Agent’s duties under this Warrant Agreement or the rights of the Company or of any Holder, the Warrant Agent shall not be required to act and shall not be held liable or responsible for its refusal to act until the question or dispute has been judicially settled (and, if appropriate, it may file a suit in interpleader or for a declaratory judgment for such purpose) by final judgment rendered by a court of competent jurisdiction, binding on all persons interested in the matter which is no longer subject to review or appeal, or settled by a written document in form and substance satisfactory to Warrant Agent and executed by the Company and each such Holder. In addition, the Warrant Agent may require for such purpose, but shall not be obligated to require, the execution of such written settlement by all the Holders and all other persons that may have an interest in the settlement.
7.5. The Company covenants to indemnify the Warrant Agent and hold it harmless from and against any loss, liability, claim or expense (“Loss”) arising out of or in connection with the Warrant Agent’s duties under this Warrant Agreement, including the costs and expenses of defending itself against any Loss, unless such Loss shall have been determined by a court of competent jurisdiction to be a result of the Warrant Agent’s gross negligence or willful misconduct.
7.6. Unless terminated earlier by the parties hereto, this Warrant Agreement shall terminate 90 days after the earlier of the Expiration Date and the date on which no Warrants remain outstanding (the “Termination Date”). On the business day following the Termination Date, the Warrant Agent shall deliver to the Company any entitlements, if any, held by the Warrant Agent under this Warrant Agreement. The Warrant Agent’s right to be reimbursed for fees, charges and out-of-pocket expenses as provided in this Section 7 shall survive the termination of this Warrant Agreement.
7.7. If any provision of this Warrant Agreement shall be held illegal, invalid, or unenforceable by any court, this Warrant Agreement shall be construed and enforced as if such provision had not been contained herein and shall be deemed an agreement among the parties to it to the full extent permitted by applicable law.
7.8. The Company represents and warrants that (a) it is duly incorporated and validly existing under the laws of its jurisdiction of incorporation, (b) the offer and sale of the Warrants and the execution, delivery and performance of all transactions contemplated thereby (including this Warrant Agreement) have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action and will not result in a breach of or constitute a default under the articles of association, bylaws or any similar document of the Company or any indenture, agreement or instrument to which it is a party or is bound, (c) this Warrant Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by the Company and constitutes the legal, valid, binding and enforceable obligation of the Company, (d) the Warrants will comply in all material respects with all applicable requirements of law and (e) to the best of its knowledge, there is no litigation pending or threatened as of the date hereof in connection with the offering of the Warrants.
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7.9. In the event of inconsistency between this Warrant Agreement and the descriptions in the Registration Statement, as they may from time to time be amended, the terms of this Warrant Agreement shall control.
7.10. Set forth in Annex D hereto is a list of the names and specimen signatures of the persons authorized to act for the Company under this Warrant Agreement (the “Authorized Representatives”). The Company shall, from time to time, certify to you the names and signatures of any other persons authorized to act for the Company under this Warrant Agreement.
7.11. Any notice, statement or demand authorized by this Warrant Agreement to be given or made by the Warrant Agent or by the holder of any Warrant to or on the Company, including, without limitation, the copy of any Notice of Exercise, shall be in writing and delivered by e-mail, hand or sent by a nationally recognized overnight courier service, addressed (until another address is filed in writing by the Company with the Warrant Agent) as set forth below and if to any holder any notice, statement or demand shall be given to the last address set forth for such holder (if any) in the Warrant Register:
Alfi, Inc.
429 Lenox Avenue, Suite 547
Miami Beach, Florida 33139
Attention: Chief Financial Officer
Email: d.mcintosh@getalfi.com
with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:
Nelson Mullins Riley & Scarborough LLP
101 Constitution Avenue NW, Suite 900
Washington, DC 20001
Attention: Andrew M. Tucker Esq.
Fax No: (202) 689-2860
Email: andy.tucker@nelsonmullins.com
Any notice, statement or demand authorized by this Warrant Agreement to be given or made by the holder of any Warrant or by the Company to or on the Warrant Agent, including, without limitation, any Notice of Exercise, shall be in writing and delivered by facsimile, hand or sent by a nationally recognized overnight courier service, addressed (until another address is filed in writing by the Warrant Agent with the Company), as follows:
VStock Transfer, LLC
[Address]
Fax No: [ ]
Email: [ ]
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Any notice or other communication or deliveries hereunder shall be deemed given and effective on the earliest of (i) the time of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via facsimile at the facsimile number or e-mail at the e-mail address set forth above in this Section 7.11 prior to 5:30 p.m. (New York City time) on any date, (ii) the next Trading Day after the date of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via facsimile at the facsimile number or e-mail at the e-mail address set forth in this Section on a day that is not a Trading Day or later than 5:30 p.m. (New York City time) on any Trading Day, (iii) the second Trading Day following the date of mailing, if sent by U.S. nationally recognized overnight courier service, or (iv) upon actual receipt by the party to whom such notice is required to be given. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Warrant Agreement, where this Warrant Agreement provides for notice of any event to the Holder, if a Warrant is held in global form by DTC (or any successor depositary), such notice shall be sufficiently given if given to DTC (or any successor depositary) pursuant to the procedures of DTC (or such successor depositary).
7.12. (a) This Warrant Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York. All actions and proceedings relating to or arising from, directly or indirectly, this Warrant Agreement may be litigated in courts located within the Borough of Manhattan in the City and State of New York. The Company hereby submits to the personal jurisdiction of such courts and consents that any service of process may be made by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested, directed to the Company at its address last specified for notices hereunder.
(b) This Warrant Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the successors and assigns of the parties hereto. This Warrant Agreement may not be assigned, or otherwise transferred, in whole or in part, by either party without the prior written consent of the other party, which the other party will not unreasonably withhold, condition or delay; except that (i) consent is not required for an assignment or delegation of duties by Warrant Agent to any Affiliate of Warrant Agent and (ii) any reorganization, merger, consolidation, sale of assets or other form of business combination by Warrant Agent or the Company shall not be deemed to constitute an assignment of this Warrant Agreement.
(c) No provision of this Warrant Agreement may be amended, modified or waived, except in a written document signed by both parties. The Company and the Warrant Agent may amend or supplement this Warrant Agreement without the consent of any Holder for the purpose of curing any ambiguity, or curing, correcting or supplementing any defective provision contained herein or adding or changing any other provisions with respect to matters or questions arising under this Warrant Agreement as the parties may deem necessary or desirable and that the parties determine, in good faith, shall not adversely affect the interest of the Holders. All other amendments and supplements shall require the vote or written consent of Holders of at least 50.1% of the then outstanding Warrants, provided that adjustments may be made to the Warrant terms and rights in accordance with Section 4 without the consent of the Holders.
7.13. Payment of Taxes. The Company will from time to time promptly pay all taxes and charges that may be imposed upon the Company or the Warrant Agent in respect of the issuance or delivery of Warrant Shares upon the exercise of Warrants, but the Company may require the Holders to pay any transfer taxes in respect of the Warrants or such shares. The Warrant Agent may refrain from registering any transfer of Warrants or any delivery of any Warrant Shares unless or until the persons requesting the registration or issuance shall have paid to the Warrant Agent for the account of the Company the amount of such tax or charge, if any, or shall have established to the reasonable satisfaction of the Company and the Warrant Agent that such tax or charge, if any, has been paid.
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7.14. Resignation of Warrant Agent.
7.14.1. Appointment of Successor Warrant Agent. The Warrant Agent, or any successor to it hereafter appointed, may resign its duties and be discharged from all further duties and liabilities hereunder after giving thirty (30) days’ notice in writing to the Company, or such shorter period of time agreed to by the Company. The Company may terminate the services of the Warrant Agent, or any successor Warrant Agent, after giving thirty (30) days’ notice in writing to the Warrant Agent or successor Warrant Agent, or such shorter period of time as agreed. If the office of the Warrant Agent becomes vacant by resignation, termination or incapacity to act or otherwise, the Company shall appoint in writing a successor Warrant Agent in place of the Warrant Agent. If the Company shall fail to make such appointment within a period of 30 days after it has been notified in writing of such resignation or incapacity by the Warrant Agent, then the Warrant Agent or any Holder may apply to any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Warrant Agent at the Company’s cost. Pending appointment of a successor to such Warrant Agent, either by the Company or by such a court, the duties of the Warrant Agent shall be carried out by the Company. Any successor Warrant Agent (but not including the initial Warrant Agent), whether appointed by the Company or by such court, shall be a person organized and existing under the laws of any state of the United States of America, in good standing, and authorized under such laws to exercise corporate trust powers and subject to supervision or examination by federal or state authority. After appointment, any successor Warrant Agent shall be vested with all the authority, powers, rights, immunities, duties, and obligations of its predecessor Warrant Agent with like effect as if originally named as Warrant Agent hereunder, without any further act or deed, and except for executing and delivering documents as provided in the sentence that follows, the predecessor Warrant Agent shall have no further duties, obligations, responsibilities or liabilities hereunder, but shall be entitled to all rights that survive the termination of this Warrant Agreement and the resignation or removal of the Warrant Agent, including but not limited to its right to indemnity hereunder. If for any reason it becomes necessary or appropriate or at the request of the Company, the predecessor Warrant Agent shall execute and deliver, at the expense of the Company, an instrument transferring to such successor Warrant Agent all the authority, powers, and rights of such predecessor Warrant Agent hereunder; and upon request of any successor Warrant Agent the Company shall make, execute, acknowledge, and deliver any and all instruments in writing for more fully and effectually vesting in and confirming to such successor Warrant Agent all such authority, powers, rights, immunities, duties, and obligations.
7.14.2. Notice of Successor Warrant Agent. In the event a successor Warrant Agent shall be appointed, the Company shall give notice thereof to the predecessor Warrant Agent and the transfer agent for the Common Stock not later than the effective date of any such appointment.
7.14.3. Merger or Consolidation of Warrant Agent. Any person into which the Warrant Agent may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated or any person resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which the Warrant Agent shall be a party or any person succeeding to the shareowner services business of the Warrant Agent or any successor Warrant Agent shall be the successor Warrant Agent under this Warrant Agreement, without any further act or deed.
8. Miscellaneous Provisions.
8.1. Persons Having Rights under this Warrant Agreement. Nothing in this Warrant Agreement expressed and nothing that may be implied from any of the provisions hereof is intended, or shall be construed, to confer upon, or give to, any person or corporation other than the parties hereto and the Holders any right, remedy, or claim under or by reason of this Warrant Agreement or of any covenant, condition, stipulation, promise, or agreement hereof.
8.2. Examination of the Warrant Agreement. A copy of this Warrant Agreement shall be available at all reasonable times at the office of the Warrant Agent designated for such purpose for inspection by any Holder. Prior to such inspection, the Warrant Agent may require any such holder to provide reasonable evidence of its interest in the Warrants.
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8.3. Counterparts. This Warrant Agreement may be executed in any number of original, facsimile or electronic counterparts and each of such counterparts shall for all purposes be deemed to be an original, and all such counterparts shall together constitute but one and the same instrument.
8.4. Effect of Headings. The Section headings herein are for convenience only and are not part of this Warrant Agreement and shall not affect the interpretation thereof.
9. Certain Definitions. As used herein, the following terms shall have the following meanings:
(i) “Adjustment Right” means any right granted with respect to any securities issued in connection with, or with respect to, any issuance, sale or delivery (or deemed issuance, sale or delivery in accordance with Section 4) of Common Stock (other than rights of the type described in Section 4.2 and 4.3 hereof) that could result in a decrease in the net consideration received by the Company in connection with, or with respect to, such securities (including, without limitation, any cash settlement rights, cash adjustment or other similar rights) but excluding anti-dilution and other similar rights (including pursuant to Section 4.4 of this Agreement).
(ii) “Affiliate” means any Person that, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls or is controlled by or is under common control with a Person, as such terms are used in and construed under Rule 405 under the Securities Act.
(iii) “person” shall mean any individual, firm, corporation, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, association, trust or other entity, and shall include any successor (by merger or otherwise) thereof or thereto.
(iv) “Trading Day” means any day on which the Common Stock is traded on the Trading Market, or, if the Trading Market is not the principal trading market for the Common Stock, then on the principal securities exchange or securities market in the United States on which the Common Stock is then traded, provided that “Trading Day” shall not include any day on which the Common Stock is scheduled to trade on such exchange or market for less than 4.5 hours or any day that the Common Stock is suspended from trading during the final hour of trading on such exchange or market (or if such exchange or market does not designate in advance the closing time of trading on such exchange or market, then during the hour ending at 4:00 P.M., New York City time)
(v) “Trading Market” means the NYSE American, the Nasdaq Capital Market, the Nasdaq Global Market, the Nasdaq Global Select Market or the New York Stock Exchange (or any successors to any of the foregoing).
(vi) “VWAP” means, for any date, the price determined by the first of the following clauses that applies: (a) if the Common Stock is then listed or quoted on a Trading Market, the daily volume weighted average price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date) on the Trading Market on which the Common Stock is then listed or quoted as reported by Bloomberg L.P. (based on a Trading Day from 9:30 a.m. (New York City time) to 4:02 p.m. (New York City time)), (b) if OTCQB or OTCQX is not a Trading Market, the volume weighted average price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date) on OTCQB or OTCQX as applicable, (c) if the Common Stock is not then listed or quoted for trading on OTCQB or OTCQX and if prices for the Common Stock are then reported in the “Pink Open Market” published by OTC Markets Group, Inc. (or a similar organization or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices), the most recent bid price per share of the Common Stock so reported, or (d) in all other cases, the fair market value of a share of Common Stock as determined by an independent appraiser selected in good faith by the holders of a majority in interest of the Warrants then outstanding and reasonably acceptable to the Company, the fees and expenses of which shall be paid by the Company.
[SIGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Warrant Agreement has been duly executed by the parties hereto as of the day and year first above written.
ALFI, INC. | ||
By: | ||
Name: | ||
Title: | ||
VSTOCK TRANSFER, LLC, | ||
as Warrant Agent | ||
By: | ||
Name: | ||
Title: |
Annex A | Form of Global Certificate |
Annex B | Notice of Exercise |
Annex C | Form of Certificated Warrant |
Annex D | Authorized Representatives |
Annex E | Form of Warrant Certificate Request Notice |
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ANNEX A
[FORM OF GLOBAL CERTIFICATE]
UNLESS THIS CERTIFICATE IS PRESENTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF THE DEPOSITORY TRUST COMPANY, A NEW YORK CORPORATION (“DTC”), TO ISSUER OR ITS AGENT FOR REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER, EXCHANGE, OR PAYMENT, AND ANY CERTIFICATE ISSUED IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF CEDE & CO. OR IN SUCH OTHER NAME AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC (AND ANY PAYMENT IS MADE TO CEDE & CO. OR TO SUCH OTHER ENTITY AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC), ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE, OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY OR TO ANY PERSON IS WRONGFUL INASMUCH AS THE REGISTERED OWNER HEREOF, CEDE & CO., HAS AN INTEREST HEREIN.
ALFI, INC.
WARRANT CERTIFICATE
NOT EXERCISABLE AFTER [ ], 2026
This certifies that the person whose name and address appears below, or registered assigns, is the registered owner of the number of Warrants set forth below. Each Warrant entitles its registered holder to purchase from Alfi, Inc., a company incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware (the “Company”), at any time prior to 5:00 P.M. (New York City time) on [ ], 2026, one share of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of the Company (each, a “Warrant Share” and collectively, the “Warrant Shares”), at an exercise price of $[ ] per share, subject to possible adjustments as provided in the Warrant Agreement (as defined below).
This Warrant Certificate, with or without other Warrant Certificates, upon surrender at the designated office of the Warrant Agent, may be exchanged for another Warrant Certificate or Warrant Certificates evidencing the same number of Warrants as the Warrant Certificate or Warrant Certificates surrendered. A transfer of the Warrants evidenced hereby may be registered upon surrender of this Warrant Certificate at the designated office of the Warrant Agent by the registered holder in person or by a duly authorized attorney, properly endorsed or accompanied by proper instruments of transfer, a signature guarantee, and such other and further documentation as the Warrant Agent may reasonably request and duly stamped as may be required by the laws of the State of New York and of the United States of America.
The terms and conditions of the Warrants and the rights and obligations of the holder of this Warrant Certificate are set forth in the Warrant Agency Agreement dated as of [ ], 2021 (the “Warrant Agreement”) between the Company and VStock Transfer, LLC, as Warrant Agent (the “Warrant Agent”). A copy of the Warrant Agreement is available for inspection during business hours at the office of the Warrant Agent.
A-1
This Warrant Certificate shall not be valid or obligatory for any purpose until it shall have been countersigned by an authorized signatory of the Warrant Agent.
WITNESS the facsimile signature of a proper officer of the Company.
ALFI, INC. | ||
By: | ||
Name: | ||
Title: |
Dated: [ ], 2021 | |
Countersigned: | |
VSTOCK TRANSFER, LLC, | |
as Warrant Agent |
By: | ||
Name: | ||
Title: |
PLEASE
DETACH HERE
——————————————————————————————————————
Certificate No.:____1_____ Number of Warrants:_[ ]__
WARRANT CUSIP NO.: ____00161P117_______
ALFI, INC. | |
[Name & Address of Holder] | VSTOCK TRANSFER, LLC, Warrant Agent |
By Mail: | |
By hand or overnight courier: | |
A-2
ANNEX B
NOTICE OF EXERCISE
To: | ALFI, INC. |
(1) The undersigned hereby elects to purchase ________ Warrant Shares of the Company pursuant to the terms of the attached Warrant (only if exercised in full), and tenders herewith payment of the exercise price in full, together with all applicable transfer taxes, if any.
(2) Payment shall take the form of (check applicable box):
¨ | in lawful money of the United States; or |
¨ | if permitted the cancellation of such number of Warrant Shares as is necessary, in accordance with the formula set forth in subsection 2(c), to exercise this Warrant with respect to the maximum number of Warrant Shares purchasable pursuant to the cashless exercise procedure set forth in subsection 2(c). |
(3) Please issue said Warrant Shares in the name of the undersigned or in such other name as is specified below:
The Warrant Shares shall be delivered to the following DWAC Account Number:
[SIGNATURE OF HOLDER]
Name of Investing Entity: |
Signature of Authorized Signatory of Investing Entity: |
Name of Authorized Signatory: |
Title of Authorized Signatory: |
Date: |
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ANNEX C
[FORM OF CERTIFICATED WARRANT]
FORM OF SERIES A WARRANT
THE NUMBER OF COMMON SHARES ISSUABLE UPON EXERCISE OF THIS WARRANT MAY BE LESS THAN THE AMOUNTS SET FORTH ON THE FACE HEREOF PURSUANT TO SECTION 1(d) OF THIS WARRANT.
ALFI, INC.
Warrant To Purchase Common shares
Warrant No.:
Date of Issuance: [ ], 20__ (“Issuance Date”)
Alfi, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), hereby certifies that, for good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, [BUYER], the registered holder hereof or its permitted assigns (the “Holder”), is entitled, subject to the terms set forth below, to purchase from the Company, at the Exercise Price (as defined below) then in effect, upon exercise of this Warrant to Purchase Common Shares (including any Warrants to Purchase Common Shares issued in exchange, transfer or replacement hereof, the “Warrant”), at any time or times on or after the Issuance Date, but not after 11:59 p.m., New York time, on the Expiration Date (as defined below), _________________1 (subject to adjustment as provided herein) fully paid and non-assessable shares of Common Stock (as defined below) (the “Warrant Shares”, and such number of Warrant Shares, the “Warrant Number”). Except as otherwise defined herein, capitalized terms in this Warrant shall have the meanings set forth in Section 17. This Warrant is one of the Warrants to Purchase Common Shares (the “Registered Warrants”) issued pursuant to (i) Section 1 of that certain Underwriting Agreement, dated as of [ ], 2021 (the “Subscription Date”), by and among the Company and the underwriter(s) referred to therein, as amended from time to time (the “Underwriting Agreement”) and (ii) the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File number 333-251959) (the “Registration Statement”).
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1. EXERCISE OF WARRANT.
(a) Mechanics of Exercise. Subject to the terms and conditions hereof (including, without limitation, the limitations set forth in Section 1(f)), this Warrant may be exercised by the Holder on any day on or after the Issuance Date (an “Exercise Date”), in whole or in part, by delivery (whether via facsimile, electronic mail or otherwise) of a written notice, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A (the “Exercise Notice”), of the Holder’s election to exercise this Warrant. Within one (1) Trading Day following an exercise of this Warrant as aforesaid, the Holder shall deliver payment to the Company of an amount equal to the Exercise Price in effect on the date of such exercise multiplied by the number of Warrant Shares as to which this Warrant was so exercised (the “Aggregate Exercise Price”) in cash or via wire transfer of immediately available funds if the Holder did not notify the Company in such Exercise Notice that such exercise was made pursuant to a Cashless Exercise (as defined in Section 1(d)). The Holder shall not be required to deliver the original of this Warrant in order to effect an exercise hereunder. Execution and delivery of an Exercise Notice with respect to less than all of the Warrant Shares shall have the same effect as cancellation of the original of this Warrant and issuance of a new Warrant evidencing the right to purchase the remaining number of Warrant Shares. Execution and delivery of an Exercise Notice for all of the then-remaining Warrant Shares shall have the same effect as cancellation of the original of this Warrant after delivery of the Warrant Shares in accordance with the terms hereof. On or before the first (1st) Trading Day following the date on which the Company has received an Exercise Notice, the Company shall transmit by facsimile or electronic mail an acknowledgment of confirmation of receipt of such Exercise Notice, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B, to the Holder and the Company’s transfer agent (the “Transfer Agent”), which confirmation shall constitute an instruction to the Transfer Agent to process such Exercise Notice in accordance with the terms herein. On or before the second (2nd) Trading Day following the date on which the Company has received such Exercise Notice (or such earlier date as required pursuant to the 1934 Act or other applicable law, rule or regulation for the settlement of a trade of such Warrant Shares initiated on the applicable Exercise Date), the Company shall (i) provided that the Transfer Agent is participating in The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) Fast Automated Securities Transfer Program, upon the request of the Holder, credit such aggregate number of Common Shares to which the Holder is entitled pursuant to such exercise to the Holder’s or its designee’s balance account with DTC through its Deposit/Withdrawal at Custodian system, or (ii) if the Transfer Agent is not participating in the DTC Fast Automated Securities Transfer Program, upon the request of the Holder, issue and deliver (via reputable overnight courier) to the address as specified in the Exercise Notice, a certificate, registered in the name of the Holder or its designee, for the number of Common Shares to which the Holder shall be entitled pursuant to such exercise, which Common Shares shall be freely tradeable pursuant to all applicable securities laws. Upon delivery of an Exercise Notice, the Holder shall be deemed for all corporate purposes to have become the holder of record of the Warrant Shares with respect to which this Warrant has been exercised, irrespective of the date such Warrant Shares are credited to the Holder’s DTC account or the date of delivery of the certificates evidencing such Warrant Shares (as the case may be). If this Warrant is submitted in connection with any exercise pursuant to this Section 1(a) and the number of Warrant Shares represented by this Warrant submitted for exercise is greater than the number of Warrant Shares being acquired upon an exercise and upon surrender of this Warrant to the Company by the Holder, then, at the request of the Holder, the Company shall as soon as practicable and in no event later than two (2) Business Days after any exercise and at its own expense, issue and deliver to the Holder (or its designee) a new Warrant (in accordance with Section 7(d)) representing the right to purchase the number of Warrant Shares purchasable immediately prior to such exercise under this Warrant, less the number of Warrant Shares with respect to which this Warrant is exercised. No fractional Common Shares are to be issued upon the exercise of this Warrant, but rather the number of Common Shares to be issued shall be rounded up to the nearest whole number. The Company shall pay any and all transfer, stamp, issuance and similar taxes, costs and expenses (including, without limitation, fees and expenses of the Transfer Agent) that may be payable with respect to the issuance and delivery of Warrant Shares upon exercise of this Warrant. Notwithstanding the foregoing, except in the case where an exercise of this Warrant is validly made pursuant to a Cashless Exercise, the Company’s failure to deliver Warrant Shares to the Holder on or prior to the later of (A) two (2) Trading Days after receipt of the applicable Exercise Notice (or such earlier date as required pursuant to the 1934 Act or other applicable law, rule or regulation for the settlement of a trade of such Warrant Shares initiated on the applicable Exercise Date) and (B) one (1) Trading Day after the Company’s receipt of the Aggregate Exercise Price (or valid notice of a Cashless Exercise) (such later date, the “Share Delivery Date”) shall not be deemed to be a breach of this Warrant. From the Issuance Date through and including the Expiration Date, the Company shall maintain a transfer agent that participates in the DTC’s Fast Automated Securities Transfer Program. Notwithstanding any other provision in this Agreement, the Holder may elect, at its sole discretion, to receive unregistered Warrant Shares issued in response to an Exercise Notice instead of Warrant Shares (i) registered pursuant to the Registration Statement or any other registration statement or (ii) issued pursuant to Section 1(c).
1 100% Warrant coverage
(b) Exercise Price. For purposes of this Warrant, “Exercise Price” means $[ ]2, subject to adjustment as provided herein.
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(c) Company’s Failure to Timely Deliver Securities. If the Company shall fail, for any reason or for no reason, on or prior to the Share Delivery Date, either (I) if the Transfer Agent is not participating in the DTC Fast Automated Securities Transfer Program, to issue and deliver to the Holder (or its designee) a certificate for the number of Warrant Shares to which the Holder is entitled and register such Warrant Shares on the Company’s share register or, if the Transfer Agent is participating in the DTC Fast Automated Securities Transfer Program, to credit the balance account of the Holder or the Holder’s designee with DTC for such number of Warrant Shares to which the Holder is entitled upon the Holder’s exercise of this Warrant (as the case may be) or (II) if the Registration Statement (or prospectus contained therein) covering the issuance of the Warrant Shares that are the subject of the Exercise Notice (the “Unavailable Warrant Shares”) is not available for the issuance of such Unavailable Warrant Shares and the Company fails to promptly (x) so notify the Holder and (y) deliver the Warrant Shares electronically without any restrictive legend by crediting such aggregate number of Warrant Shares to which the Holder is entitled pursuant to such exercise to the Holder’s or its designee’s balance account with DTC through its Deposit/Withdrawal At Custodian system (the event described in the immediately foregoing clause (II) is hereinafter referred as a “Notice Failure” and together with the event described in clause (I) above, a “Delivery Failure”), and if on or after such Share Delivery Date the Holder purchases (in an open market transaction or otherwise) Common Shares to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by the Holder of all or any portion of the number of Common Shares issuable upon such exercise that the Holder is entitled to receive from the Company (a “Buy-In”), then, in addition to all other remedies available to the Holder, the Company shall, within two (2) Business Days after the Holder’s request and in the Holder’s discretion, either (i) as an indemnity for loss hereunder, pay cash to the Holder in an amount equal to the Holder’s total purchase price (including brokerage commissions and other out-of-pocket expenses, if any) for the Common Shares so purchased (including, without limitation, by any other Person in respect, or on behalf, of the Holder) (the “Buy-In Price”), at which point the Company’s obligation to so issue and deliver such certificate (and to issue such Common Shares) or credit the balance account of such Holder or such Holder’s designee, as applicable, with DTC for the number of Warrant Shares to which the Holder is entitled upon the Holder’s exercise hereunder (as the case may be) (and to issue such Warrant Shares) shall terminate, or (ii) promptly honor its obligation to so issue and deliver to the Holder a certificate or certificates representing such Warrant Shares or credit the balance account of such Holder or such Holder’s designee, as applicable, with DTC for the number of Warrant Shares to which the Holder is entitled upon the Holder’s exercise hereunder (as the case may be) and, as an indemnity for loss hereunder, pay cash to the Holder in an amount equal to the excess (if any) of the Holder’s total purchase price (including brokerage commissions and other out-of-pocket expenses, if any) for the Common Shares so purchased (including, without limitation, by any other Person in respect, or on behalf, of the Holder) (the “Buy-In Price”) over the product of (A) such number of Warrant Shares multiplied by (B) the lowest Closing Sale Price of the Common Shares on any Trading Day during the period commencing on the date of the applicable Exercise Notice and ending on the date of such issuance and payment under this clause (ii) (the “Buy-In Payment Amount”). Nothing shall limit the Holder’s right to pursue any other remedies available to it hereunder, at law or in equity, including, without limitation, a decree of specific performance and/or injunctive relief with respect to the Company’s failure to timely deliver certificates representing Common Shares (or to electronically deliver such Common Shares) upon the exercise of this Warrant as required pursuant to the terms hereof. While this Warrant is outstanding, the Company shall cause its transfer agent to participate in the DTC Fast Automated Securities Transfer Program. In addition to the foregoing rights, (i) if the Company fails to deliver the applicable number of Warrant Shares upon an exercise pursuant to Section 1 by the applicable Share Delivery Date, then the Holder shall have the right to rescind such exercise in whole or in part and retain and/or have the Company return, as the case may be, any portion of this Warrant that has not been exercised pursuant to such Exercise Notice; provided that the rescission of an exercise shall not affect the Company’s obligation to make any payments that have accrued prior to the date of such notice pursuant to this Section 1(c) or otherwise except with respect to any returned portion of an exercise under this subclause (i), and (ii) if a registration statement (which may be the Registration Statement) covering the issuance or resale of the Warrant Shares that are subject to an Exercise Notice is not available for the issuance or resale, as applicable, of such Exercise Notice Warrant Shares and the Holder has submitted an Exercise Notice prior to receiving notice of the non-availability of such registration statement and the Company has not already delivered the Warrant Shares underlying such Exercise Notice electronically without any restrictive legend by crediting such aggregate number of Warrant Shares to which the Holder is entitled pursuant to such exercise to the Holder’s or its designee’s balance account with DTC through its Deposit / Withdrawal At Custodian system, the Holder shall have the option, by delivery of notice to the Company, to (x) rescind such Exercise Notice in whole or in part and retain or have returned, as the case may be, any portion of this Warrant that has not been exercised pursuant to such Exercise Notice; provided that the rescission of an Exercise Notice shall not affect the Company’s obligation to make any payments that have accrued prior to the date of such notice pursuant to this Section 1(c) or otherwise, and/or (y) switch some or all of such Exercise Notice from a cash exercise to a Cashless Exercise.
2 110% of deal price
(d) Cashless Exercise. Notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary (other than Section 1(f) below), if at the time of exercise hereof the Registration Statement is not effective (or the prospectus contained therein is not available for use) for the issuance of all of the Warrant Shares, then the Holder may, in its sole discretion, exercise this Warrant in whole or in part and, in lieu of making the cash payment otherwise contemplated to be made to the Company upon such exercise in payment of the Aggregate Exercise Price, elect instead to receive upon such exercise the “Net Number” of Warrant Shares determined according to the following formula (a “Cashless Exercise”):
Net Number = | [(A-B) x (X)] |
A |
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For purposes of the foregoing formula:
A= | As applicable: (i) the VWAP on the Trading Day immediately preceding the date of the applicable Notice of Exercise if such Notice of Exercise is (1) both executed and delivered pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof on a day that is not a Trading Day or (2) both executed and delivered pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof on a Trading Day prior to the opening of “regular trading hours” (as defined in Rule 600(b)(68) of Regulation NMS promulgated under the federal securities laws) on such Trading Day, (ii) at the option of the Holder, either (y) the VWAP on the Trading Day immediately preceding the date of the applicable Notice of Exercise or (z) the Bid Price of the Common Shares on the principal Trading Market as reported by Bloomberg L.P. as of the time of the Holder’s execution of the applicable Notice of Exercise if such Notice of Exercise is executed during “regular trading hours” on a Trading Day and is delivered within two (2) hours thereafter (including until two (2) hours after the close of “regular trading hours” on a Trading Day) pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof, or (iii) the VWAP on the date of the applicable Notice of Exercise if the date of such Notice of Exercise is a Trading Day and such Notice of Exercise is both executed and delivered pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof after the close of “regular trading hours” on such Trading Day. | |
B= | The Exercise Price then in effect for the applicable Warrant Shares at the time of such exercise. | |
X= | The number of Warrant Shares that would be issuable upon exercise of this Warrant in accordance with the terms of this Warrant if such exercise were by means of a cash exercise rather than a cashless exercise. |
If the Warrant Shares are issued in a Cashless Exercise, the parties acknowledge and agree that in accordance with Section 3(a)(9) of the 1933 Act, the Warrant Shares take on the registered characteristics of the Warrants being exercised. For purposes of Rule 144(d) promulgated under the 1933 Act, as in effect on the Initial Exercise Date, it is intended that the Warrant Shares issued in a Cashless Exercise shall be deemed to have been acquired by the Holder, and the holding period for the Warrant Shares shall be deemed to have commenced, on the date this Warrant was originally issued pursuant to the Underwriting Agreement. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, on the Expiration Date, this Warrant shall be automatically exercised via cashless exercise pursuant to this Section 1(d).
(e) Disputes. In the case of a dispute as to the determination of the Exercise Price or the arithmetic calculation of the number of Warrant Shares to be issued pursuant to the terms hereof, the Company shall promptly issue to the Holder the number of Warrant Shares that are not disputed and resolve such dispute in accordance with Section 13.
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(f) Limitations on Exercises. The Company shall not effect the exercise of any portion of this Warrant, and the Holder shall not have the right to exercise any portion of this Warrant, pursuant to the terms and conditions of this Warrant and any such exercise shall be null and void and treated as if never made, to the extent that after giving effect to such exercise, the Holder together with the other Attribution Parties collectively would beneficially own in excess of 4.99% (the “Maximum Percentage”) of the Common Shares outstanding immediately after giving effect to such exercise. For purposes of the foregoing sentence, the aggregate number of Common Shares beneficially owned by the Holder and the other Attribution Parties shall include the number of Common Shares held by the Holder and all other Attribution Parties plus the number of Common Shares issuable upon exercise of this Warrant with respect to which the determination of such sentence is being made, but shall exclude Common Shares which would be issuable upon (A) exercise of the remaining, unexercised portion of this Warrant beneficially owned by the Holder or any of the other Attribution Parties and (B) exercise or conversion of the unexercised or unconverted portion of any other securities of the Company (including, without limitation, any convertible notes or convertible preferred shares or warrants, including other Registered Warrants) beneficially owned by the Holder or any other Attribution Party subject to a limitation on conversion or exercise analogous to the limitation contained in this Section 1(f)(i). For purposes of this Section 1(f)(i), beneficial ownership shall be calculated in accordance with Section 13(d) of the 1934 Act. For purposes of determining the number of outstanding Common Shares the Holder may acquire upon the exercise of this Warrant without exceeding the Maximum Percentage, the Holder may rely on the number of outstanding Common Shares as reflected in (x) the Company’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, Current Report on Form 8-K or other public filing with the SEC, as the case may be, (y) a more recent public announcement by the Company or (z) any other written notice by the Company or the Transfer Agent, if any, setting forth the number of Common Shares outstanding (the “Reported Outstanding Share Number”). If the Company receives an Exercise Notice from the Holder at a time when the actual number of outstanding Common Shares is less than the Reported Outstanding Share Number, the Company shall (i) notify the Holder in writing of the number of Common Shares then outstanding and, to the extent that such Exercise Notice would otherwise cause the Holder’s beneficial ownership, as determined pursuant to this Section 1(f)(i), to exceed the Maximum Percentage, the Holder must notify the Company of a reduced number of Warrant Shares to be acquired pursuant to such Exercise Notice (the number of shares by which such purchase is reduced, the “Reduction Shares”) and (ii) as soon as reasonably practicable, the Company shall return to the Holder any exercise price paid by the Holder for the Reduction Shares. For any reason at any time, upon the written or oral request of the Holder, the Company shall within one (1) Business Day confirm orally and in writing or by electronic mail to the Holder the number of Common Shares then outstanding. In any case, the number of outstanding Common Shares shall be determined after giving effect to the conversion or exercise of securities of the Company, including this Warrant, by the Holder and any other Attribution Party since the date as of which the Reported Outstanding Share Number was reported. In the event that the issuance of Common Shares to the Holder upon exercise of this Warrant results in the Holder and the other Attribution Parties being deemed to beneficially own, in the aggregate, more than the Maximum Percentage of the number of outstanding Common Shares (as determined under Section 13(d) of the 1934 Act), the number of shares so issued by which the Holder’s and the other Attribution Parties’ aggregate beneficial ownership exceeds the Maximum Percentage (the “Excess Shares”) shall be deemed null and void and shall be cancelled ab initio, and the Holder shall not have the power to vote or to transfer the Excess Shares. As soon as reasonably practicable after the issuance of the Excess Shares has been deemed null and void, the Company shall return to the Holder the exercise price paid by the Holder for the Excess Shares. Upon delivery of a written notice to the Company, the Holder may from time to time increase (with such increase not effective until the sixty-first (61st) day after delivery of such notice) or decrease the Maximum Percentage to any other percentage not in excess of 9.99% as specified in such notice; provided that (i) any such increase in the Maximum Percentage will not be effective until the sixty-first (61st) day after such notice is delivered to the Company and (ii) any such increase or decrease will apply only to the Holder and the other Attribution Parties and not to any other holder of Registered Warrants that is not an Attribution Party of the Holder. For purposes of clarity, the Common Shares issuable pursuant to the terms of this Warrant in excess of the Maximum Percentage shall not be deemed to be beneficially owned by the Holder for any purpose including for purposes of Section 13(d) or Rule 16a-1(a)(1) of the 1934 Act. No prior inability to exercise this Warrant pursuant to this paragraph shall have any effect on the applicability of the provisions of this paragraph with respect to any subsequent determination of exercisability. The provisions of this paragraph shall be construed and implemented in a manner otherwise than in strict conformity with the terms of this Section 1(f)(i) to the extent necessary to correct this paragraph or any portion of this paragraph which may be defective or inconsistent with the intended beneficial ownership limitation contained in this Section 1(f)(i) or to make changes or supplements necessary or desirable to properly give effect to such limitation. The limitation contained in this paragraph may not be waived and shall apply to a successor holder of this Warrant.
(g) Reservation of Shares.
(i) Required Reserve Amount. So long as this Warrant remains outstanding, the Company shall at all times keep reserved for issuance under this Warrant a number of Common Shares at least equal to 100% of the maximum number of Common Shares as shall be necessary to satisfy the Company’s obligation to issue Common Shares under the Registered Warrants then outstanding (without regard to any limitations on exercise) (the “Required Reserve Amount”); provided that at no time shall the number of Common Shares reserved pursuant to this Section 1(g)(i) be reduced other than proportionally in connection with any exercise or redemption of Registered Warrants or such other event covered by Section 2(a) below. The Required Reserve Amount (including, without limitation, each increase in the number of shares so reserved) shall be allocated pro rata among the holders of the Registered Warrants based on number of Common Shares issuable upon exercise of Registered Warrants held by each holder on the Issuance Date (without regard to any limitations on exercise) or increase in the number of reserved shares, as the case may be (the “Authorized Share Allocation”). In the event that a holder shall sell or otherwise transfer any of such holder’s Registered Warrants, each transferee shall be allocated a pro rata portion of such holder’s Authorized Share Allocation. Any Common Shares reserved and allocated to any Person which ceases to hold any Registered Warrants shall be allocated to the remaining holders of Registered Warrants, pro rata based on the number of Common Shares issuable upon exercise of the Registered Warrants then held by such holders (without regard to any limitations on exercise).
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(ii) Insufficient Authorized Shares. If, notwithstanding Section 1(g)(i) above, and not in limitation thereof, at any time while any of the Registered Warrants remain outstanding, the Company does not have a sufficient number of authorized and unreserved Common Shares to satisfy its obligation to reserve the Required Reserve Amount (an “Authorized Share Failure”), then the Company shall immediately take all action necessary to increase the Company’s authorized Common Shares to an amount sufficient to allow the Company to reserve the Required Reserve Amount for all the Registered Warrants then outstanding. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing sentence, as soon as practicable after the date of the occurrence of an Authorized Share Failure, but in no event later than sixty (60) days after the occurrence of such Authorized Share Failure, the Company shall hold a meeting of its shareholders for the approval of an increase in the number of authorized Common Shares. In connection with such meeting, the Company shall provide each shareholder with a proxy statement and shall use its best efforts to solicit its shareholders’ approval of such increase in authorized Common Shares and to cause its board of directors to recommend to the shareholders that they approve such proposal. In the event that the Company is prohibited from issuing Common Shares upon an exercise of this Warrant due to the failure by the Company to have sufficient Common Shares available out of the authorized but unissued Common Shares (such unavailable number of Common Shares, the “Authorization Failure Shares”), in lieu of delivering such Authorization Failure Shares to the Holder, the Company shall pay cash in exchange for the cancellation of such portion of this Warrant exercisable into such Authorization Failure Shares at a price equal to the sum of (i) the product of (x) such number of Authorization Failure Shares and (y) the greatest Closing Sale Price of the Common Shares on any Trading Day during the period commencing on the date the Holder delivers the applicable Exercise Notice with respect to such Authorization Failure Shares to the Company and ending on the date of such issuance and payment under this Section 1(f); and (ii) to the extent the Holder purchases (in an open market transaction or otherwise) Common Shares to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by the Holder of Authorization Failure Shares, any Buy-In Payment Amount, brokerage commissions and other out-of-pocket expenses, if any, of the Holder incurred in connection therewith.
(h) Warrant Agency Agreement. If this Warrant is held in global form through DTC (or any successor depositary), this Warrant is issued subject to the Warrant Agency Agreement, dated [on or about the Issuance Date] with VStock Transfer LLC (the “Warrant Agency Agreement”). To the extent any provision of this Warrant conflicts with the express provisions of the Warrant Agency Agreement, the provisions of this Warrant shall govern and be controlling.
2. ADJUSTMENT OF EXERCISE PRICE AND NUMBER OF WARRANT SHARES. The Exercise Price and number of Warrant Shares issuable upon exercise of this Warrant are subject to adjustment from time to time as set forth in this Section 2.
(a) Share Dividends and Splits. Without limiting any provision of Section 4, if the Company, at any time on or after the Subscription Date, (i) pays a share dividend on one or more classes of its then outstanding Common Shares or otherwise makes a distribution on any class of capital shares that is payable in Common Shares, (ii) subdivides (by any share split, share dividend, recapitalization or otherwise) one or more classes of its then outstanding Common Shares into a larger number of shares or (iii) combines (by combination, reverse share split or otherwise) one or more classes of its then outstanding Common Shares into a smaller number of shares, then in each such case the Exercise Price shall be multiplied by a fraction of which the numerator shall be the number of Common Shares outstanding immediately before such event and of which the denominator shall be the number of Common Shares outstanding immediately after such event. Any adjustment made pursuant to clause (i) of this paragraph shall become effective immediately after the record date for the determination of shareholders entitled to receive such dividend or distribution, and any adjustment pursuant to clause (ii) or (iii) of this paragraph shall become effective immediately after the effective date of such subdivision or combination.
(b) Number of Warrant Shares. Simultaneously with any adjustment to the Exercise Price pursuant to this Section 2, the number of Warrant Shares that may be purchased upon exercise of this Warrant shall be increased or decreased proportionately, so that after such adjustment the aggregate Exercise Price payable hereunder for the adjusted number of Warrant Shares shall be the same as the aggregate Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to such adjustment (without regard to any limitations on exercise contained herein).
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(c) Other Events. In the event that the Company (or any Subsidiary (as defined in the Underwriting Agreement)) shall take any action to which the provisions hereof are not strictly applicable, or, if applicable, would not operate to protect the Holder from dilution or if any event occurs of the type contemplated by the provisions of this Section 2 but not expressly provided for by such provisions (including, without limitation, the granting of share appreciation rights, phantom share rights or other rights with equity features), then the Company’s board of directors shall in good faith determine and implement an appropriate adjustment in the Exercise Price and the number of Warrant Shares (if applicable) so as to protect the rights of the Holder, provided that no such adjustment pursuant to this Section 2(c) will increase the Exercise Price or decrease the number of Warrant Shares as otherwise determined pursuant to this Section 2, provided further that if the Holder does not accept such adjustments as appropriately protecting its interests hereunder against such dilution, then the Company’s board of directors and the Holder shall agree, in good faith, upon an independent investment bank of nationally recognized standing to make such appropriate adjustments, whose determination shall be final and binding absent manifest error and whose fees and expenses shall be borne by the Company.
(d) Calculations. All calculations under this Section 2 shall be made by rounding to the nearest cent or the nearest 1/100th of a share, as applicable. The number of Common Shares outstanding at any given time shall not include shares owned or held by or for the account of the Company, and the disposition of any such shares shall be considered an issuance or sale of Common Shares.
(e) Voluntary Adjustment By Company. The Company may at any time during the term of this Warrant, subject to the prior consent of the Principal Market if less than $[ ]3 (as adjusted for share splits, share dividends, share combinations, recapitalizations or other similar transactions), with the prior written consent of the holders of a majority of the Registered Warrants then outstanding, reduce the then current Exercise Price to any amount and for any period of time deemed appropriate by the board of directors of the Company.
3. RIGHTS UPON DISTRIBUTION OF ASSETS. In addition to any adjustments pursuant to Section 2 above, if the Company shall declare or make any dividend or other distribution of its assets (or rights to acquire its assets) to holders of Common Shares, by way of return of capital or otherwise (including, without limitation, any distribution of cash, shares or other securities, property, options, evidence of indebtedness or any other assets by way of a dividend, spin off, reclassification, corporate rearrangement, plan of arrangement or other similar transaction) (a “Distribution”), at any time after the issuance of this Warrant, then, in each such case, the Holder shall be entitled to participate in such Distribution to the same extent that the Holder would have participated therein if the Holder had held the number of Common Shares acquirable upon complete exercise of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations or restrictions on exercise of this Warrant, including without limitation, the Maximum Percentage) immediately before the date on which a record is taken for such Distribution, or, if no such record is taken, the date as of which the record holders of Common Shares are to be determined for the participation in such Distribution (provided, however, that to the extent that the Holder’s right to participate in any such Distribution would result in the Holder and the other Attribution Parties exceeding the Maximum Percentage, then the Holder shall not be entitled to participate in such Distribution to the extent of the Maximum Percentage (and shall not be entitled to beneficial ownership of such Shares Common Shares as a result of such Distribution (and beneficial ownership) to the extent of any such excess) and the portion of such Distribution shall be held in abeyance for the benefit of the Holder until such time or times, if ever, as its right thereto would not result in the Holder and the other Attribution Parties exceeding the Maximum Percentage, at which time or times the Holder shall be granted such Distribution (and any Distributions declared or made on such initial Distribution or on any subsequent Distribution held similarly in abeyance) to the same extent as if there had been no such limitation).
3 Insert 20% of the IPO Price
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4. PURCHASE RIGHTS; FUNDAMENTAL TRANSACTIONS.
(a) Purchase Rights. In addition to any adjustments pursuant to Section 2 above, if at any time the Company grants, issues or sells any Options, Convertible Securities or rights to purchase shares, warrants, securities or other property pro rata to the record holders of any class of Common Shares (the “Purchase Rights”), then the Holder will be entitled to acquire, upon the terms applicable to such Purchase Rights, the aggregate Purchase Rights which the Holder could have acquired if the Holder had held the number of Common Shares acquirable upon complete exercise of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations or restrictions on exercise of this Warrant, including without limitation, the Maximum Percentage) immediately before the date on which a record is taken for the grant, issuance or sale of such Purchase Rights, or, if no such record is taken, the date as of which the record holders of Common Shares are to be determined for the grant, issuance or sale of such Purchase Rights (provided, however, that to the extent that the Holder’s right to participate in any such Purchase Right would result in the Holder and the other Attribution Parties exceeding the Maximum Percentage, then the Holder shall not be entitled to participate in such Purchase Right to the extent of the Maximum Percentage (and shall not be entitled to beneficial ownership of such Common Shares as a result of such Purchase Right (and beneficial ownership) to the extent of any such excess) and such Purchase Right to such extent shall be held in abeyance for the benefit of the Holder until such time or times, if ever, as its right thereto would not result in the Holder and the other Attribution Parties exceeding the Maximum Percentage, at which time or times the Holder shall be granted such right (and any Purchase Right granted, issued or sold on such initial Purchase Right or on any subsequent Purchase Right held similarly in abeyance) to the same extent as if there had been no such limitation).
(b) Fundamental Transactions. The Company shall not enter into or be party to a Fundamental Transaction unless (i) the Successor Entity assumes in writing all of the obligations of the Company under this Warrant in accordance with the provisions of this Section 4(b) pursuant to written agreements in form and substance satisfactory to the Holder and approved by the Holder prior to such Fundamental Transaction, including agreements to deliver to the Holder in exchange for this Warrant a security of the Successor Entity evidenced by a written instrument substantially similar in form and substance to this Warrant, including, without limitation, which is exercisable for a corresponding number of capital shares equivalent to of Common Shares acquirable and receivable upon exercise of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations on the exercise of this Warrant) prior to such Fundamental Transaction, and with an exercise price which applies the exercise price hereunder to such capital shares (but taking into account the relative value of the Common Shares pursuant to such Fundamental Transaction and the value of such capital shares, such adjustments to the number of capital shares and such exercise price being for the purpose of protecting the economic value of this Warrant immediately prior to the consummation of such Fundamental Transaction) and (ii) the Successor Entity (including its Parent Entity) is a publicly traded corporation whose common shares are quoted on or listed for trading on an Eligible Market. Upon the consummation of each Fundamental Transaction, the Successor Entity shall succeed to, and be substituted for (so that from and after the date of the applicable Fundamental Transaction, the provisions of this Warrant referring to the “Company” shall refer instead to the Successor Entity), and may exercise every right and power of the Company and shall assume all of the obligations of the Company under this Warrant with the same effect as if such Successor Entity had been named as the Company herein. Upon consummation of each Fundamental Transaction, the Successor Entity shall deliver to the Holder confirmation that there shall be issued upon exercise of this Warrant at any time after the consummation of the applicable Fundamental Transaction, in lieu of the Common Shares (or other securities, cash, assets or other property (except such items still issuable under Sections 3 and 4(a) above, which shall continue to be receivable thereafter)) issuable upon the exercise of this Warrant prior to the applicable Fundamental Transaction, such publicly traded common shares (or its equivalent) of the Successor Entity (including its Parent Entity) which the Holder would have been entitled to receive upon the happening of the applicable Fundamental Transaction had this Warrant been exercised immediately prior to the applicable Fundamental Transaction (without regard to any limitations on the exercise of this Warrant), as adjusted in accordance with the provisions of this Warrant. Notwithstanding the foregoing, and without limiting Section 1(f) hereof, the Holder may elect, at its sole option, by delivery of written notice to the Company to waive this Section 4(b) to permit the Fundamental Transaction without the assumption of this Warrant. In addition to and not in substitution for any other rights hereunder, prior to the consummation of each Fundamental Transaction pursuant to which holders of Common Shares are entitled to receive securities or other assets with respect to or in exchange for Common Shares (a “Corporate Event”), the Company shall make appropriate provision to insure that the Holder will thereafter have the right to receive upon an exercise of this Warrant at any time after the consummation of the applicable Fundamental Transaction but prior to the Expiration Date, in lieu of the Common Shares (or other securities, cash, assets or other property (except such items still issuable under Sections 3 and 4(a) above, which shall continue to be receivable thereafter)) issuable upon the exercise of the Warrant prior to such Fundamental Transaction, such shares, securities, cash, assets or any other property whatsoever (including warrants or other purchase or subscription rights) which the Holder would have been entitled to receive upon the happening of the applicable Fundamental Transaction had this Warrant been exercised immediately prior to the applicable Fundamental Transaction (without regard to any limitations on the exercise of this Warrant). Provision made pursuant to the preceding sentence shall be in a form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Holder.
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(c) Black Scholes Value. Notwithstanding the foregoing and the provisions of Section 4(b) above, at the request of the Holder delivered at any time commencing on the earliest to occur of (x) the public disclosure of any Fundamental Transaction, (y) the consummation of any Fundamental Transaction and (z) the Holder first becoming aware of any Fundamental Transaction through the date that is thirty (30) days after the public disclosure of the consummation of such Fundamental Transaction by the Company pursuant to a Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC, the Company or the Successor Entity (as the case may be) shall purchase this Warrant from the Holder on the date of such request by paying to the Holder cash in an amount equal to the Black Scholes Value. Payment of such amounts shall be made by the Company (or at the Company’s direction) to the Holder on or prior to the later of (x) the second (2nd) Trading Day after the date of such request and (y) the date of consummation of such Fundamental Transaction; provided, however, if the Fundamental Transaction is not within the Company’s control, including not approved by the Company’s Board of Directors or the consideration is not in all shares of the Successor Entity, the Holder shall only be entitled to receive from the Company or any Successor Entity, as of the date of consummation of such Fundamental Transaction, the same type or form of consideration (and in the same proportion), at the Black Scholes Value (as defined below) of the unexercised portion of this Warrant, that is being offered and paid to the holders of Common Shares of the Company in connection with the Fundamental Transaction, whether that consideration be in the form of cash, shares or any combination thereof, or whether the holders of Common Shares are given the choice to receive from among alternative forms of consideration in connection with the Fundamental Transaction.
(d) Application. The provisions of this Section 4 shall apply similarly and equally to successive Fundamental Transactions and Corporate Events and shall be applied as if this Warrant (and any such subsequent warrants) were fully exercisable and without regard to any limitations on the exercise of this Warrant (provided that the Holder shall continue to be entitled to the benefit of the Maximum Percentage, applied however with respect to capital shares registered under the 1934 Act and thereafter receivable upon exercise of this Warrant (or any such other warrant)).
5. NONCIRCUMVENTION. The Company hereby covenants and agrees that the Company will not, by amendment of its certificate of incorporation or other organizational documents or through any reorganization, transfer of assets, consolidation, merger, amalgamation, plan of arrangement, dissolution, issuance or sale of securities, or any other voluntary action, avoid or seek to avoid the observance or performance of any of the terms of this Warrant, and will at all times in good faith carry out all the provisions of this Warrant and take all action as may be required to protect the rights of the Holder. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Company (a) shall not increase the par value of any Common Shares receivable upon the exercise of this Warrant above the Exercise Price then in effect, and (b) shall take all such actions as may be necessary or appropriate in order that the Company may validly and legally issue fully paid and non-assessable Common Shares upon the exercise of this Warrant, which Common Shares shall be freely tradeable pursuant to all applicable securities laws. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, if after the sixty (60) calendar day anniversary of the Issuance Date, the Holder is not permitted to exercise this Warrant in full for any reason (other than pursuant to restrictions set forth in Section 1(f) hereof), the Company shall use its best efforts to promptly remedy such failure, including, without limitation, obtaining such consents or approvals as necessary to permit such exercise into Common Shares.
6. WARRANT HOLDER NOT DEEMED A SHAREHOLDER. Except as otherwise specifically provided herein, the Holder, solely in its capacity as a holder of this Warrant, shall not be entitled to vote or receive dividends or be deemed the holder of share capital of the Company for any purpose, nor shall anything contained in this Warrant be construed to confer upon the Holder, solely in its capacity as the Holder of this Warrant, any of the rights of a shareholder of the Company or any right to vote, give or withhold consent to any corporate action (whether any reorganization, issue of shares, reclassification of shares, consolidation, merger, conveyance or otherwise), receive notice of meetings, receive dividends or subscription rights, or otherwise, prior to the issuance to the Holder of the Warrant Shares which it is then entitled to receive upon the due exercise of this Warrant. In addition, nothing contained in this Warrant shall be construed as imposing any liabilities on the Holder to purchase any securities (upon exercise of this Warrant or otherwise) or as a shareholder of the Company, whether such liabilities are asserted by the Company or by creditors of the Company. Notwithstanding this Section 6, the Company shall provide the Holder with copies of the same notices and other information given to the shareholders of the Company generally, contemporaneously with the giving thereof to the shareholders.
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7. REISSUANCE OF WARRANTS.
(a) Transfer of Warrant. If this Warrant is to be transferred, the Holder shall surrender this Warrant to the Company, whereupon the Company will forthwith issue and deliver upon the order of the Holder a new Warrant (in accordance with Section 7(d)), registered as the Holder may request, representing the right to purchase the number of Warrant Shares being transferred by the Holder and, if less than the total number of Warrant Shares then underlying this Warrant is being transferred, a new Warrant (in accordance with Section 7(d)) to the Holder representing the right to purchase the number of Warrant Shares not being transferred.
(b) Lost, Stolen or Mutilated Warrant. Upon receipt by the Company of evidence reasonably satisfactory to the Company of the loss, theft, destruction or mutilation of this Warrant (as to which a written certification and the indemnification contemplated below shall suffice as such evidence), and, in the case of loss, theft or destruction, of any indemnification undertaking by the Holder to the Company in customary and reasonable form and, in the case of mutilation, upon surrender and cancellation of this Warrant, the Company shall execute and deliver to the Holder a new Warrant (in accordance with Section 7(d)) representing the right to purchase the Warrant Shares then underlying this Warrant.
(c) Exchangeable for Multiple Warrants. This Warrant is exchangeable, upon the surrender hereof by the Holder at the principal office of the Company, for a new Warrant or Warrants (in accordance with Section 7(d)) representing in the aggregate the right to purchase the number of Warrant Shares then underlying this Warrant, and each such new Warrant will represent the right to purchase such portion of such Warrant Shares as is designated by the Holder at the time of such surrender; provided, however, no warrants for fractional Common Shares shall be given.
(d) Issuance of New Warrants. Whenever the Company is required to issue a new Warrant pursuant to the terms of this Warrant, such new Warrant (i) shall be of like tenor with this Warrant, (ii) shall represent, as indicated on the face of such new Warrant, the right to purchase the Warrant Shares then underlying this Warrant (or in the case of a new Warrant being issued pursuant to Section 7(a) or Section 7(c), the Warrant Shares designated by the Holder which, when added to the number of Common Shares underlying the other new Warrants issued in connection with such issuance, does not exceed the number of Warrant Shares then underlying this Warrant), (iii) shall have an issuance date, as indicated on the face of such new Warrant which is the same as the Issuance Date, and (iv) shall have the same rights and conditions as this Warrant.
8. NOTICES. (a) General. Whenever notice is required to be given under this Warrant, unless otherwise provided herein, such notice shall be given in writing, (i) if delivered (a) from within the domestic United States, by first-class registered or certified airmail, or nationally recognized overnight express courier, postage prepaid, electronic mail or by facsimile or (b) from outside the United States, by International Federal Express, electronic mail or facsimile, and (ii) will be deemed given (A) if delivered by first-class registered or certified mail domestic, three (3) Business Days after so mailed, (B) if delivered by nationally recognized overnight carrier, one (1) Business Day after so mailed, (C) if delivered by International Federal Express, two (2) Business Days after so mailed and (D) if delivered by electronic mail, when sent (provided that such sent email is kept on file (whether electronically or otherwise) by the sending party and the sending party does not receive an automatically generated message from the recipient’s email server that such e-mail could not be delivered to such recipient) and (E) if delivered by facsimile, upon electronic confirmation of receipt of such facsimile, and will be delivered and addressed as follows:
(i) | if to the Company, to: |
Alfi, Inc.
429 Lenox Avenue. Suite 547
Miami Beach, Florida 33139
Attn: Dennis McIntosh
Email: d.mcintosh@getalfi.com
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with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:
Nelson Mullins Riley & Scarborough LLP
101 Constitution Avenue NW, Suite 900
Washington, DC 20001
Attn: Andrew M. Tucker, Esq.
Fax No.: (202) 689-2860
(ii) | if to the Holder, at such address or other contact information delivered by the Holder to Company or as is on the books and records of the Company. |
(b) Required Notices. The Company shall provide the Holder with prompt written notice of all actions taken pursuant to this Warrant (other than the issuance of Common Shares upon exercise in accordance with the terms hereof), including in reasonable detail a description of such action and the reason therefor. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Company will give written notice to the Holder (i) immediately upon each adjustment of the Exercise Price and the number of Warrant Shares, setting forth in reasonable detail, and certifying, the calculation of such adjustment(s), (ii) at least ten Trading Days prior to the date on which the Company closes its books or takes a record (A) with respect to any dividend or distribution upon the Common Shares, (B) with respect to any grants, issuances or sales of any Options, Convertible Securities or rights to purchase shares, warrants, securities or other property to holders of Common Shares or (C) for determining rights to vote with respect to any Fundamental Transaction, dissolution or liquidation, provided in each case that such information shall be made known to the public prior to or in conjunction with such notice being provided to the Holder, and (iii) at least ten (10) Trading Days prior to the consummation of any Fundamental Transaction. To the extent that any notice provided hereunder constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information regarding the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, the Company shall simultaneously file such notice with the SEC pursuant to a Current Report on Form 8-K. It is expressly understood and agreed that the time of execution specified by the Holder in each Exercise Notice shall be definitive and may not be disputed or challenged by the Company.
9. AMENDMENT AND WAIVER. Except as otherwise provided herein, the provisions of this Warrant (other than Section 1(f)) may be amended and the Company may take any action herein prohibited, or omit to perform any act herein required to be performed by it, only if the Company has obtained the written consent of the Holder. No waiver shall be effective unless it is in writing and signed by an authorized representative of the waiving party.
10. SEVERABILITY. If any provision of this Warrant is prohibited by law or otherwise determined to be invalid or unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction, the provision that would otherwise be prohibited, invalid or unenforceable shall be deemed amended to apply to the broadest extent that it would be valid and enforceable, and the invalidity or unenforceability of such provision shall not affect the validity of the remaining provisions of this Warrant so long as this Warrant as so modified continues to express, without material change, the original intentions of the parties as to the subject matter hereof and the prohibited nature, invalidity or unenforceability of the provision(s) in question does not substantially impair the respective expectations or reciprocal obligations of the parties or the practical realization of the benefits that would otherwise be conferred upon the parties. The parties will endeavor in good faith negotiations to replace the prohibited, invalid or unenforceable provision(s) with a valid provision(s), the effect of which comes as close as possible to that of the prohibited, invalid or unenforceable provision(s).
11. GOVERNING LAW.
This Warrant shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with, and all questions concerning the construction, validity, interpretation and performance of this Warrant shall be governed by, the internal laws of the State of New York, without giving effect to any choice of law or conflict of law provision or rule (whether of the State of New York or any other jurisdictions) that would cause the application of the laws of any jurisdictions other than the State of New York. The Company hereby irrevocably waives personal service of process and consents to process being served in any such suit, action or proceeding by mailing a copy thereof to the Company at its principal executive office and agrees that such service shall constitute good and sufficient service of process and notice thereof. The Company hereby irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state and federal courts sitting in The City of New York, Borough of Manhattan, for the adjudication of any dispute hereunder or in connection herewith or with any transaction contemplated hereby or discussed herein, and hereby irrevocably waives, and agrees not to assert in any suit, action or proceeding, any claim that it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of any such court, that such suit, action or proceeding is brought in an inconvenient forum or that the venue of such suit, action or proceeding is improper. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to limit in any way any right to serve process in any manner permitted by law. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed or operate to preclude the Holder from bringing suit or taking other legal action against the Company in any other jurisdiction to collect on the Company’s obligations to the Holder, to realize on any collateral or any other security for such obligations, or to enforce a judgment or other court ruling in favor of the Holder. THE COMPANY HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO, AND AGREES NOT TO REQUEST, A JURY TRIAL FOR THE ADJUDICATION OF ANY DISPUTE HEREUNDER OR IN CONNECTION WITH OR ARISING OUT OF THIS WARRANT OR ANY TRANSACTION CONTEMPLATED HEREBY.
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12. CONSTRUCTION; HEADINGS. This Warrant shall be deemed to be jointly drafted by the Company and the Holder and shall not be construed against any Person as the drafter hereof. The headings of this Warrant are for convenience of reference and shall not form part of, or affect the interpretation of, this Warrant.
13. DISPUTE RESOLUTION.
(a) Submission to Dispute Resolution.
(i) In the case of a dispute relating to the Exercise Price, the Closing Sale Price, the Bid Price, Black Scholes Value or fair market value or the arithmetic calculation of the number of Warrant Shares (as the case may be) (including, without limitation, a dispute relating to the determination of any of the foregoing), the Company or the Holder (as the case may be) shall submit the dispute to the other party via facsimile or electronic mail (A) if by the Company, within two (2) Business Days after the occurrence of the circumstances giving rise to such dispute or (B) if by the Holder, at any time after the Holder learned of the circumstances giving rise to such dispute. If the Holder and the Company are unable to promptly resolve such dispute relating to such Exercise Price, such Closing Sale Price, such Bid Price, Black Scholes Value or such fair market value or such arithmetic calculation of the number of Warrant Shares (as the case may be), at any time after the second (2nd) Business Day following such initial notice by the Company or the Holder (as the case may be) of such dispute to the Company or the Holder (as the case may be), then the Holder may, at its sole option, select an independent, reputable investment bank to resolve such dispute.
(ii) The Holder and the Company shall each deliver to such investment bank (A) a copy of the initial dispute submission so delivered in accordance with the first sentence of this Section 13 and (B) written documentation supporting its position with respect to such dispute, in each case, no later than 5:00 p.m. (New York time) by the fifth (5th) Business Day immediately following the date on which the Holder selected such investment bank (the “Dispute Submission Deadline”) (the documents referred to in the immediately preceding clauses (A) and (B) are collectively referred to herein as the “Required Dispute Documentation”) (it being understood and agreed that if either the Holder or the Company fails to so deliver all of the Required Dispute Documentation by the Dispute Submission Deadline, then the party who fails to so submit all of the Required Dispute Documentation shall no longer be entitled to (and hereby waives its right to) deliver or submit any written documentation or other support to such investment bank with respect to such dispute and such investment bank shall resolve such dispute based solely on the Required Dispute Documentation that was delivered to such investment bank prior to the Dispute Submission Deadline). Unless otherwise agreed to in writing by both the Company and the Holder or otherwise requested by such investment bank, neither the Company nor the Holder shall be entitled to deliver or submit any written documentation or other support to such investment bank in connection with such dispute (other than the Required Dispute Documentation).
(iii) The Company and the Holder shall cause such investment bank to determine the resolution of such dispute and notify the Company and the Holder of such resolution no later than ten (10) Business Days immediately following the Dispute Submission Deadline. The fees and expenses of such investment bank shall be borne solely by the Company, and such investment bank’s resolution of such dispute shall be final and binding upon all parties absent manifest error.
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(b) Miscellaneous. The Company expressly acknowledges and agrees that (i) this Section 13 constitutes an agreement to arbitrate between the Company and the Holder (and constitutes an arbitration agreement) under the rules then in effect under § 7501, et seq. of the New York Civil Practice Law and Rules (“CPLR”) and that the Holder is authorized to apply for an order to compel arbitration pursuant to CPLR § 7503(a) in order to compel compliance with this Section 13, (ii) the terms of this Warrant shall serve as the basis for the selected investment bank’s resolution of the applicable dispute, such investment bank shall be entitled (and is hereby expressly authorized) to make all findings, determinations and the like that such investment bank determines are required to be made by such investment bank in connection with its resolution of such dispute and in resolving such dispute such investment bank shall apply such findings, determinations and the like to the terms of this Warrant, (iii) the Holder (and only the Holder), in its sole discretion, shall have the right to submit any dispute described in this Section 13 to any state or federal court sitting in The City of New York, Borough of Manhattan in lieu of utilizing the procedures set forth in this Section 13 and (iv) nothing in this Section 13 shall limit the Holder from obtaining any injunctive relief or other equitable remedies (including, without limitation, with respect to any matters described in this Section 13).
14. REMEDIES, CHARACTERIZATION, OTHER OBLIGATIONS, BREACHES AND INJUNCTIVE RELIEF. The remedies provided in this Warrant shall be cumulative and in addition to all other remedies available under this Warrant, at law or in equity (including a decree of specific performance and/or other injunctive relief), and nothing herein shall limit the right of the Holder to pursue actual and consequential damages for any failure by the Company to comply with the terms of this Warrant. The Company covenants to the Holder that there shall be no characterization concerning this instrument other than as expressly provided herein. Amounts set forth or provided for herein with respect to payments, exercises and the like (and the computation thereof) shall be the amounts to be received by the Holder and shall not, except as expressly provided herein, be subject to any other obligation of the Company (or the performance thereof). The Company acknowledges that a breach by it of its obligations hereunder will cause irreparable harm to the Holder and that the remedy at law for any such breach may be inadequate. The Company therefore agrees that, in the event of any such breach or threatened breach, the holder of this Warrant shall be entitled, in addition to all other available remedies, to specific performance and/or temporary, preliminary and permanent injunctive or other equitable relief from any court of competent jurisdiction in any such case without the necessity of proving actual damages and without posting a bond or other security. The Company shall provide all information and documentation to the Holder that is requested by the Holder to enable the Holder to confirm the Company’s compliance with the terms and conditions of this Warrant (including, without limitation, compliance with Section 2 hereof). The issuance of shares and certificates for shares as contemplated hereby upon the exercise of this Warrant shall be made without charge to the Holder or such shares for any issuance tax or other costs in respect thereof, provided that the Company shall not be required to pay any tax which may be payable in respect of any transfer involved in the issuance and delivery of any certificate in a name other than the Holder or its agent on its behalf.
15. PAYMENT OF COLLECTION, ENFORCEMENT AND OTHER COSTS. If (a) this Warrant is placed in the hands of an attorney for collection or enforcement or is collected or enforced through any legal proceeding or the holder otherwise takes action to collect amounts due under this Warrant or to enforce the provisions of this Warrant or (b) there occurs any bankruptcy, reorganization, receivership of the company or other proceedings affecting company creditors’ rights and involving a claim under this Warrant, then the Company shall pay the costs incurred by the Holder for such collection, enforcement or action or in connection with such bankruptcy, reorganization, receivership or other proceeding, including, without limitation, attorneys’ fees and disbursements.
16. TRANSFER. This Warrant may be offered for sale, sold, transferred or assigned without the consent of the Company.
17. CERTAIN DEFINITIONS. For purposes of this Warrant, the following terms shall have the following meanings:
(a) “1933 Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder.
(b) “1934 Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder.
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(c) “Affiliate” means, with respect to any Person, any other Person that directly or indirectly controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, such Person, it being understood for purposes of this definition that “control” of a Person means the power directly or indirectly either to vote 10% or more of the shares having ordinary voting power for the election of directors of such Person or direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of such Person whether by contract or otherwise.
(d) “Attribution Parties” means, collectively, the following Persons and entities: (i) any investment vehicle, including, any funds, feeder funds or managed accounts, currently, or from time to time after the Issuance Date, directly or indirectly managed or advised by the Holder’s investment manager or any of its Affiliates or principals, (ii) any direct or indirect Affiliates of the Holder or any of the foregoing, (iii) any Person acting or who could be deemed to be acting as a Group together with the Holder or any of the foregoing and (iv) any other Persons whose beneficial ownership of the Company’s Common Shares would or could be aggregated with the Holder’s and the other Attribution Parties for purposes of Section 13(d) of the 1934 Act. For clarity, the purpose of the foregoing is to subject collectively the Holder and all other Attribution Parties to the Maximum Percentage.
(e) “Bid Price” means, for any security as of the particular time of determination, the bid price for such security on the Principal Market as reported by Bloomberg as of such time of determination, or, if the Principal Market is not the principal securities exchange or trading market for such security, the bid price of such security on the principal securities exchange or trading market where such security is listed or traded as reported by Bloomberg as of such time of determination, or if the foregoing does not apply, the bid price of such security in the over-the-counter market on the electronic bulletin board for such security as reported by Bloomberg as of such time of determination, or, if no bid price is reported for such security by Bloomberg as of such time of determination, the average of the bid prices of any market makers for such security as reported in the “pink sheets” by OTC Markets Group Inc. (formerly Pink Sheets LLC) as of such time of determination. If the Bid Price cannot be calculated for a security as of the particular time of determination on any of the foregoing bases, the Bid Price of such security as of such time of determination shall be the fair market value as mutually determined by the Company and the Holder. If the Company and the Holder are unable to agree upon the fair market value of such security, then such dispute shall be resolved in accordance with the procedures in Section 13. All such determinations shall be appropriately adjusted for any shares dividend, share split, share combination or other similar transaction during such period.
(f) “Black Scholes Value” means the value of the unexercised portion of this Warrant remaining on the date of the Holder’s request pursuant to Section 4(c), which value is calculated using the greater of the Black Scholes Option Pricing Model obtained from the “OV” function on Bloomberg, as a put option or a call option, utilizing (i) an underlying price per share equal to, at the Holder’s election, either, (1) the highest or lowest (at the Holder’s election) Closing Sale Price of the Common Shares during the period beginning on the Trading Day immediately preceding the announcement of the applicable Fundamental Transaction (or the consummation of the applicable Fundamental Transaction, if earlier) and ending on the Trading Day of the Holder’s request pursuant to Section 4(c) or the sum of the price per share being offered in cash in the applicable Fundamental Transaction (if any) plus the value of the non-cash consideration being offered in the applicable Fundamental Transaction (if any), (ii) (1) if calculating as a call option, a strike price equal to the Exercise Price in effect on the date of the Holder’s request pursuant to Section 4(c) if calculating as a put option, a strike price equal to $____4 (as adjusted for share splits, share dividends, share combinations, recapitalizations or other similar events), (iii) a risk-free interest rate corresponding to the U.S. Treasury rate for a period equal to the greater of (1) the remaining term of this Warrant as of the date of the Holder’s request pursuant to Section 4(c) the remaining term of this Warrant as of the date of consummation of the applicable Fundamental Transaction or as of the date of the Holder’s request pursuant to Section 4(c) if such request is prior to the date of the consummation of the applicable Fundamental Transaction, (iv) a zero cost of borrow and (v) an expected volatility equal to the greater of 100% and the 30 day volatility obtained from the “HVT” function on Bloomberg (determined utilizing a 365 day annualization factor) as of the Trading Day immediately following the earliest to occur of (A) the public disclosure of the applicable Fundamental Transaction, (B) the consummation of the applicable Fundamental Transaction and (C) the date on which the Holder first became aware of the applicable Fundamental Transaction.
(g) “Bloomberg” means Bloomberg, L.P.
4 Insert Warrant Exercise Price
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(h) “Business Day” means any day other than Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in The City of New York are authorized or required by law to remain closed; provided, however, for clarification, commercial banks shall not be deemed to be authorized or required by law to remain closed due to “stay at home”, “shelter-in-place”, “non-essential employee” or any other similar orders or restrictions or the closure of any physical branch locations at the direction of any governmental authority so long as the electronic funds transfer systems (including for wire transfers) of commercial banks in The City of New York generally are open for use by customers on such day.
(i) “Closing Sale Price” means, for any security as of any date, the last closing trade price for such security on the Principal Market, as reported by Bloomberg, or, if the Principal Market begins to operate on an extended hours basis and does not designate the closing trade price, then the last trade price of such security prior to 4:00:00 p.m., New York time, as reported by Bloomberg, or, if the Principal Market is not the principal securities exchange or trading market for such security, the last trade price of such security on the principal securities exchange or trading market where such security is listed or traded as reported by Bloomberg, or if the foregoing does not apply, the last trade price of such security in the over-the-counter market on the electronic bulletin board for such security as reported by Bloomberg, or, if no last trade price is reported for such security by Bloomberg, the average of the ask prices of any market makers for such security as reported in the “pink sheets” by OTC Markets Group Inc. (formerly Pink Sheets LLC). If the Closing Sale Price cannot be calculated for a security on a particular date on any of the foregoing bases, the Closing Sale Price of such security on such date shall be the fair market value as mutually determined by the Company and the Holder. If the Company and the Holder are unable to agree upon the fair market value of such security, then such dispute shall be resolved in accordance with the procedures in Section 13. All such determinations shall be appropriately adjusted for any share dividend, share split, share combination or other similar transaction during such period.
(j) “Common Shares” means (i) the Company’s common shares, no par value per share, and (ii) any capital shares into which such common shares shall have been changed or any share capital resulting from a reclassification of such common shares.
(k) “Convertible Securities” means any shares or other security (other than Options) that is at any time and under any circumstances, directly or indirectly, convertible into, exercisable or exchangeable for, or which otherwise entitles the holder thereof to acquire, any Common Shares.
(l) “Eligible Market” means The New York Stock Exchange, the NYSE American, the Nasdaq Global Select Market, the Nasdaq Global Market, the Nasdaq Capital Market or the Principal Market.
(m) “Expiration Date” means the date that is the fifth (5th) anniversary of the Issuance Date or, if such date falls on a day other than a Business Day or on which trading does not take place on the Principal Market (a “Holiday”), the next date that is not a Holiday.
C-15
(n) “Fundamental Transaction” means (A) that the Company shall, directly or indirectly, including through subsidiaries, Affiliates or otherwise, in one or more related transactions, (i) consolidate, amalgamate, enter into a plan of arrangement, or merge with or into (whether or not the Company is the surviving corporation) another Subject Entity, or (ii) sell, assign, transfer, convey or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of the properties or assets of the Company or any of its “significant subsidiaries” (as defined in Rule 1-02 of Regulation S-X) to one or more Subject Entities, or (iii) make, or allow one or more Subject Entities to make, or allow the Company to be subject to or have its Common Shares be subject to or party to one or more Subject Entities making, a purchase, takeover bid, tender or exchange offer that is accepted by the holders of at least either (x) 50% of the outstanding Common Shares, (y) 50% of the outstanding Common Shares calculated as if any Common Shares held by all Subject Entities making or party to, or Affiliated with any Subject Entities making or party to, such purchase, tender or exchange offer were not outstanding; or (z) such number of Common Shares such that all Subject Entities making or party to, or Affiliated with any Subject Entity making or party to, such purchase, tender or exchange offer, become collectively the beneficial owners (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the 1934 Act) of at least 50% of the outstanding Common Shares, or (iv) consummate a share purchase agreement or other business combination (including, without limitation, a reorganization, recapitalization, redesignation, reclassification, spin-off or plan of arrangement) with one or more Subject Entities whereby all such Subject Entities, individually or in the aggregate, acquire, either (x) at least 50% of the outstanding shares of Common Shares, (y) at least 50% of the outstanding Common Shares calculated as if any Common Shares held by all the Subject Entities making or party to, or Affiliated with any Subject Entity making or party to, such share purchase agreement or other business combination were not outstanding; or (z) such number of Common Shares such that the Subject Entities become collectively the beneficial owners (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the 1934 Act) of at least 50% of the outstanding Common Shares, or (v) reorganize, recapitalize, redesignate, or reclassify its Common Shares, (B) that the Company shall, directly or indirectly, including through subsidiaries, Affiliates or otherwise, in one or more related transactions, allow any Subject Entity individually or the Subject Entities in the aggregate to be or become the “beneficial owner” (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the 1934 Act), directly or indirectly, whether through acquisition, purchase, assignment, transfer, license, conveyance, tender, tender offer, takeover bid, exchange, reduction in outstanding Common Shares, merger, consolidation, amalgamation, business combination, spin-off, plan of arrangement, reorganization, recapitalization or reclassification or otherwise in any manner whatsoever, of either (x) at least 50% of the aggregate ordinary voting power represented by issued and outstanding Common Shares, (y) at least 50% of the aggregate ordinary voting power represented by issued and outstanding Common Shares not held by all such Subject Entities as of the date of this Warrant calculated as if any Common Shares held by all such Subject Entities were not outstanding, or (z) a percentage of the aggregate ordinary voting power represented by issued and outstanding Common Shares or other equity securities of the Company sufficient to allow such Subject Entities to effect a statutory short form merger or other transaction requiring other shareholders of the Company to surrender their Common Shares without approval of the shareholders of the Company or (C) directly or indirectly, including through subsidiaries, Affiliates or otherwise, in one or more related transactions, the issuance of or the entering into any other instrument or transaction structured in a manner to circumvent, or that circumvents, the intent of this definition in which case this definition shall be construed and implemented in a manner otherwise than in strict conformity with the terms of this definition to the extent necessary to correct this definition or any portion of this definition which may be defective or inconsistent with the intended treatment of such instrument or transaction.
(o) “Group” means a “group” as that term is used in Section 13(d) of the 1934 Act and as defined in Rule 13d-5 thereunder.
(p) “Options” means any rights, warrants or options to subscribe for or purchase Common Shares or Convertible Securities.
(q) “Parent Entity” of a Person means an entity that, directly or indirectly, controls the applicable Person and whose common stock or equivalent equity security is quoted or listed on an Eligible Market, or, if there is more than one such Person or Parent Entity, the Person or Parent Entity with the largest public market capitalization as of the date of consummation of the Fundamental Transaction.
(r) “Person” means an individual, a limited liability company, a partnership, a joint venture, a corporation, a trust, an unincorporated organization, any other entity or a government or any department or agency thereof.
(s) “Principal Market” means the Nasdaq Capital Market.
(t) “SEC” means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission or the successor thereto.
(u) “Spot Price” means, as applicable: (i) the Closing Sale Price of the Common Shares on the Trading Day immediately preceding the date of the applicable Exercise Notice if such Exercise Notice is (1) both executed and delivered pursuant to Section 1(a) hereof on a day that is not a Trading Day or (2) both executed and delivered pursuant to Section 1(a) hereof on a Trading Day prior to the opening of “regular trading hours” (as defined in Rule 600(b)(64) of Regulation NMS promulgated under the federal securities laws) on such Trading Day, (ii) the Bid Price of the Common Shares as of the time of the Holder’s execution of the applicable Exercise Notice if such Exercise Notice is executed during “regular trading hours” on a Trading Day and is delivered within two (2) hours thereafter pursuant to Section 1(a) hereof, or (iii) the Closing Sale Price of the Common Shares on the date of the applicable Exercise Notice if the date of such Exercise Notice is a Trading Day and such Exercise Notice is both executed and delivered pursuant to Section 1(a) hereof after the close of “regular trading hours” on such Trading Day.
C-16
(v) “Subject Entity” means any Person, Persons or Group or any Affiliate or associate of any such Person, Persons or Group.
(w) “Successor Entity” means the Person (or, if so elected by the Holder, the Parent Entity) formed by, resulting from or surviving any Fundamental Transaction or the Person (or, if so elected by the Holder, the Parent Entity) with which such Fundamental Transaction shall have been entered into.
(x) “Trading Day” means, as applicable, (x) with respect to all price or trading volume determinations relating to the Common Shares, any day on which the Common Shares is traded on the Principal Market, or, if the Principal Market is not the principal trading market for the Common Shares, then on the principal securities exchange or securities market on which the Common Shares is then traded, provided that “Trading Day” shall not include any day on which the Common Shares is scheduled to trade on such exchange or market for less than 4.5 hours or any day that the Common Shares is suspended from trading during the final hour of trading on such exchange or market (or if such exchange or market does not designate in advance the closing time of trading on such exchange or market, then during the hour ending at 4:00:00 p.m., New York time) unless such day is otherwise designated as a Trading Day in writing by the Holder or (y) with respect to all determinations other than price determinations relating to the Common Shares, any day on which The New York Stock Exchange (or any successor thereto) is open for trading of securities.
(y) “VWAP” means, for any security as of any date, the dollar volume-weighted average price for such security on the Principal Market (or, if the Principal Market is not the principal trading market for such security, then on the principal securities exchange or securities market on which such security is then traded) during the period beginning at 9:30:01 a.m., New York time, and ending at 4:00:00 p.m., New York time, as reported by Bloomberg through its “HP” function (set to weighted average) or, if the foregoing does not apply, the dollar volume-weighted average price of such security in the over-the-counter market on the electronic bulletin board for such security during the period beginning at 9:30:01 a.m., New York time, and ending at 4:00:00 p.m., New York time, as reported by Bloomberg, or, if no dollar volume-weighted average price is reported for such security by Bloomberg for such hours, the average of the highest closing bid price and the lowest closing ask price of any of the market makers for such security as reported in the “pink sheets” by OTC Markets Group Inc. (formerly Pink Sheets LLC). If the VWAP cannot be calculated for such security on such date on any of the foregoing bases, the VWAP of such security on such date shall be the fair market value as mutually determined by the Company and the Holder. If the Company and the Holder are unable to agree upon the fair market value of such security, then such dispute shall be resolved in accordance with the procedures in Section 13. All such determinations shall be appropriately adjusted for any share dividend, share split, share combination, recapitalization or other similar transaction during such period.
(Signature Page Follows)
C-17
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Warrant to be executed by its officer thereunto duly authorized as of the date first above indicated.
Alfi, Inc. |
By: | ||
Name: | ||
Title: |
C-18
NOTICE OF EXERCISE
TO
BE EXECUTED BY THE REGISTERED HOLDER TO EXERCISE THIS
WARRANT TO PURCHASE COMMON SHARES
ALFI, INC.
The undersigned holder hereby exercises the right to purchase _________________ of Common Shares (“Warrant Shares”) of Alfi, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), evidenced by Warrant to Purchase Common Shares No. _______ (the “Warrant”). Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined shall have the respective meanings set forth in the Warrant.
1. Form of Exercise Price. The Holder intends that payment of the Aggregate Exercise Price shall be made as:
____________ a “Cash Exercise” with respect to _________________ Warrant Shares; and/or
____________ a “Cashless Exercise” with respect to _______________ Warrant Shares.
In the event that the Holder has elected a Cashless Exercise with respect to some or all of the Warrant Shares to be issued pursuant hereto, the Holder hereby represents and warrants that (i) this Exercise Notice was executed by the Holder at __________ [a.m.][p.m.] on the date set forth below and (ii) if applicable, the Bid Price as of such time of execution of this Exercise Notice was $________.
2. Payment of Exercise Price. In the event that the Holder has elected a Cash Exercise with respect to some or all of the Warrant Shares to be issued pursuant hereto, the Holder shall pay the Aggregate Exercise Price in the sum of $___________________ to the Company in accordance with the terms of the Warrant.
3. Delivery of Warrant Shares. The Company shall deliver to Holder, or its designee or agent as specified below, __________ Warrant Shares in accordance with the terms of the Warrant. Delivery shall be made to Holder, or for its benefit, as follows:
[ ] Check here if requesting delivery as a certificate to the following name and to the following address:
Issue to: | ||
[ ] Check here if requesting delivery by Deposit/Withdrawal at Custodian as follows:
DTC Participant: | ||
DTC Number: | ||
Account Number: |
Date: _____________ __, | |
___________________________ | |
Name of Registered Holder |
By: | ||
Name: | ||
Title: |
Tax ID:____________________________ | |
Facsimile:__________________________ | |
E-mail Address:_____________________ |
C-19
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The Company hereby acknowledges this Exercise Notice and hereby directs ______________ to issue the above indicated number of Common Shares in accordance with the Transfer Agent Instructions dated _________, 201_, from the Company and acknowledged and agreed to by _______________.
C-20
ASSIGNMENT FORM
(To assign the foregoing Warrant, execute this form and supply required information. Do not use this form to purchase shares.)
FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the foregoing Warrant and all rights evidenced thereby are hereby assigned to
Name: | ||||
(Please Print) | ||||
Address: | ||||
(Please Print) | ||||
Phone Number: | ||||
Email Address: | ||||
Dated: _____________________ __, ______ | ||||
Holder’s Signature: | ||||
Holder’s Address: |
C-21
ANNEX D
AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVES
Name | Title | Signature | ||
Paul Pereira | Chief Executive Officer | |||
Dennis McIntosh | Chief Financial Officer |
D-1
ANNEX E
Form of Warrant Certificate Request Notice
WARRANT CERTIFICATE REQUEST NOTICE
To: | VStock Transfer, LLC, as Warrant Agent for Alfi, Inc. (the “Company”) |
The undersigned Holder of Common Stock Purchase Warrants (“Warrants”) in the form of Global Warrants issued by the Company hereby elects to receive a Definitive Certificate evidencing the Warrants held by the Holder as specified below:
1) | Name of Holder of Warrants in form of Global Warrants: |
2) | Name of Holder in Definitive Certificate (if different from name of Holder of Warrants in form of Global Warrants): |
3) | Number of Warrants in name of Holder in form of Global Warrants: |
4) | Number of Warrants for which Definitive Certificate shall be issued: |
5) | Number of Warrants in name of Holder in form of Global Warrants after issuance of Definitive Certificate, if any: |
6) | Definitive Certificate shall be delivered to the following address: |
The undersigned hereby acknowledges and agrees that, in connection with this Warrant Exchange and the issuance of the Definitive Certificate, the Holder is deemed to have surrendered the number of Warrants in form of Global Warrants in the name of the Holder equal to the number of Warrants evidenced by the Definitive Certificate.
[SIGNATURE OF HOLDER]
Name of Investing Entity: |
Signature of Authorized Signatory of Investing Entity: |
Name of Authorized Signatory: |
Title of Authorized Signatory: |
Date: | ____________________________________ |
E-1
Exhibit 10.1
Lectrefy Inc.
LECTREFY INC.
2018 STOCK INCENTIVE PLAN
1. Purposes of the Plan. The purposes of this Plan are to attract and retain the best available personnel, to provide additional incentives to Employees, Directors and Consultants and to promote the success of the Company’s business.
2. Definitions. The following definitions shall apply as used herein and in the individual Award Agreements except as defined otherwise in an individual Award Agreement. In the event a term is separately defined in an individual Award Agreement, such definition shall supersede the definition contained in this Section 2.
(a) “Administrator” means the Board or any of the Committees appointed to administer the Plan.
(b) “Affiliate” and “Associate” shall have the respective meanings ascribed to such terms in Rule 12b-2 promulgated under the Exchange Act.
(c) “Applicable Laws” means the legal requirements relating to the Plan and the Awards under applicable provisions of federal and state securities laws, the corporate laws of Delaware and, to the extent other than Delaware, the corporate law of the state of the Company’s principal executive office, the Code, the rules of any applicable stock exchange or national market system, and the rules of any non-U.S. jurisdiction applicable to Awards granted to residents therein.
(d) “Assumed” means that pursuant to a Corporate Transaction either (i) the Award is expressly affirmed by the Company or (ii) the contractual obligations represented by the Award are expressly assumed (and not simply by operation of law) by the successor entity or its Parent in connection with the Corporate Transaction with appropriate adjustments to the number and type of securities of the successor entity or its Parent subject to the Award and the exercise or purchase price thereof which at least preserves the compensation element of the Award existing at the time of the Corporate Transaction as determined in accordance with the instruments evidencing the agreement to assume the Award.
(e) “Award” means the grant of an Option, SAR, Dividend Equivalent Right, Restricted Stock, Restricted Stock Unit or other right or benefit under the Plan.
(f) “Award Agreement” means the written agreement evidencing the grant of an Award executed by the Company and the Grantee, including any amendments thereto.
(g) “Board” means the Board of Directors of the Company.
(h) [Intentionally Omitted.]
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(i) “Cause” means, with respect to the termination by the Company or a Related Entity of the Grantee’s Continuous Service, that such termination is for “Cause” as such term (or word of like import) is expressly defined in a then-effective written agreement between the Grantee and the Company or such Related Entity, or in the absence of such then-effective written agreement and definition, is based on, in the determination of the Administrator, the Grantee’s: (i) performance of any act or failure to perform any act in bad faith and to the detriment of the Company or a Related Entity; (ii) dishonesty, intentional misconduct or material breach of any agreement with the Company or a Related Entity; or (iii) commission of a crime involving dishonesty, breach of trust, or physical or emotional harm to any person; provided, however, that with regard to any agreement that defines “Cause” on the occurrence of or in connection with a Corporate Transaction or a Change in Control, such definition of “Cause” shall not apply until a Corporate Transaction or a Change in Control actually occurs.
(j) “Change in Control” means a change in ownership or control of the Company after the Registration Date effected through either of the following transactions:
(i) the direct or indirect acquisition by any person or related group of persons (other than an acquisition from or by the Company or by a Company-sponsored employee benefit plan or by a person that directly or indirectly controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, the Company) of beneficial ownership (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 of the Exchange Act) of securities possessing more than fifty percent (50%) of the total combined voting power of the Company’s outstanding securities pursuant to a tender or exchange offer made directly to the Company’s stockholders, which a majority of the Continuing Directors who are not Affiliates or Associates of the offeror do not recommend such stockholders accept; or
(ii) a change in the composition of the Board over a period of twelve (12) months or less such that a majority of the Board members (rounded up to the next whole number) ceases, by reason of one or more contested elections for Board membership, to be comprised of individuals who are Continuing Directors.
(k) “Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
(l) “Committee” means any committee composed of members of the Board appointed by the Board to administer the Plan.
(m) “Common Stock” means the common stock of the Company.
(n) “Company” means Lectrefy Inc., a Delaware corporation, or any successor entity that adopts the Plan in connection with a Corporate Transaction.
(o) “Consultant” means any person (other than an Employee or a Director, solely with respect to rendering services in such person’s capacity as a Director) who, either (i) is engaged by the Company or any Related Entity to render consulting or advisory services to the Company or such Related Entity or (ii) otherwise is eligible to participate in the Plan pursuant to Rule 701(c).
(p) “Continuing Directors” means members of the Board who either (i) have been Board members continuously for a period of at least twelve (12) months or (ii) have been Board members for less than twelve (12) months and were elected or nominated for election as Board members by at least a majority of the Board members described in clause (i) who were still in office at the time such election or nomination was approved by the Board.
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(q) “Continuous Service” means that the provision of services to the Company or a Related Entity in any capacity of Employee, Director or Consultant is not interrupted or terminated. In jurisdictions requiring notice in advance of an effective termination as an Employee, Director or Consultant, Continuous Service shall be deemed terminated upon the actual cessation of providing services to the Company or a Related Entity notwithstanding any required notice period that must be fulfilled before a termination as an Employee, Director or Consultant can be effective under Applicable Laws. A Grantee’s Continuous Service shall be deemed to have terminated either upon an actual termination of Continuous Service or upon the entity for which the Grantee provides services ceasing to be a Related Entity. Continuous Service shall not be considered interrupted in the case of (i) any approved leave of absence, (ii) transfers among the Company, any Related Entity, or any successor, in any capacity of Employee, Director or Consultant, or (iii) any change in status as long as the individual remains in the service of the Company or a Related Entity in any capacity of Employee, Director or Consultant (except as otherwise provided in the Award Agreement). An approved leave of absence shall include sick leave, military leave, or any other authorized personal leave. For purposes of each Incentive Stock Option granted under the Plan, if such leave exceeds three (3) months, and reemployment upon expiration of such leave is not guaranteed by statute or contract, then the Incentive Stock Option shall be treated as a Non-Qualified Stock Option on the day three (3) months and one (1) day following the expiration of such three (3) month period.
(r) “Corporate Transaction” means any of the following transactions, provided, however, that the Administrator shall determine under parts (iv) and (v) whether multiple transactions are related, and its determination shall be final, binding and conclusive:
(i) a merger or consolidation in which the Company is not the surviving entity, except for a transaction the principal purpose of which is to change the state in which the Company is incorporated;
(ii) the sale, transfer or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company;
(iii) the complete liquidation or dissolution of the Company;
(iv) any reverse merger or series of related transactions culminating in a reverse merger (including, but not limited to, a tender offer followed by a reverse merger) in which the Company is the surviving entity but (A) the shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately prior to such merger are converted or exchanged by virtue of the merger into other property, whether in the form of securities, cash or otherwise, or (B) in which securities possessing more than fifty percent (50%) of the total combined voting power of the Company’s outstanding securities are transferred to a person or persons different from those who held such securities immediately prior to such merger or the initial transaction culminating in such merger, but excluding any such transaction or series of related transactions that the Administrator determines shall not be a Corporate Transaction; or
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(v) acquisition in a single or series of related transactions by any person or related group of persons (other than the Company or by a Company-sponsored employee benefit plan) of beneficial ownership (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 of the Exchange Act) of securities possessing more than fifty percent (50%) of the total combined voting power of the Company’s outstanding securities but excluding any such transaction or series of related transactions that the Administrator determines shall not be a Corporate Transaction.
(s) “Covered Employee” means an Employee who is a “covered employee” under Section 162(m)(3) of the Code.
(t) “Director” means a member of the Board or the board of directors of any Related Entity.
(u) “Disability” means as defined under the long-term disability policy of the Company or the Related Entity to which the Grantee provides services regardless of whether the Grantee is covered by such policy. If the Company or the Related Entity to which the Grantee provides service does not have a long-term disability plan in place, “Disability” means that a Grantee is unable to carry out the responsibilities and functions of the position held by the Grantee by reason of any medically determinable physical or mental impairment for a period of not less than ninety (90) consecutive days. A Grantee will not be considered to have incurred a Disability unless he or she furnishes proof of such impairment sufficient to satisfy the Administrator in its discretion.
(v) “Dividend Equivalent Right” means a right entitling the Grantee to compensation measured by dividends paid with respect to Common Stock.
(w) “Employee” means any person, including an Officer or Director, who is in the employ of the Company or any Related Entity, subject to the control and direction of the Company or any Related Entity as to both the work to be performed and the manner and method of performance. The payment of a director’s fee by the Company or a Related Entity shall not be sufficient to constitute “employment” by the Company. In addition, the term “Employee” includes those persons who are included in the term “employee” under Rule 701.
(x) “Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
(y) “Fair Market Value” means, as of any date, the value of Common Stock determined as follows:
(i) If the Common Stock is listed on one or more established stock exchanges or national market systems, including without limitation The Nasdaq National Market or The Nasdaq SmallCap Market of The Nasdaq Stock Market, its Fair Market Value shall be the closing sales price for such stock (or the closing bid, if no sales were reported) as quoted on the principal exchange or system on which the Common Stock is listed (as determined by the Administrator) on the date of determination (or, if no closing sales price or closing bid was reported on that date, as applicable, on the last trading date such closing sales price or closing bid was reported), as reported in The Wall Street Journal or such other source as the Administrator deems reliable;
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(ii) If the Common Stock is regularly quoted on an automated quotation system (including the OTC Bulletin Board) or by a recognized securities dealer, its Fair Market Value shall be the closing sales price for such stock as quoted on such system or by such securities dealer on the date of determination, but if selling prices are not reported, the Fair Market Value of a share of Common Stock shall be the mean between the high bid and low asked prices for the Common Stock on the date of determination (or, if no such prices were reported on that date, on the last date such prices were reported), as reported in The Wall Street Journal or such other source as the Administrator deems reliable; or
(iii) In the absence of an established market for the Common Stock of the type described in (i) and (ii), above, the Fair Market Value thereof shall be determined by the Administrator in good faith and in a manner consistent with Applicable Law.
(z) “Family Member” means any child, stepchild, grandchild, parent, stepparent, grandparent, spouse, former spouse, registered domestic partner, sibling, niece, nephew, mother-in-law, father-in-law, son-in law, daughter-in-law, brother-in-law, or sister-in-law, including adoptive relationships, any person sharing the Grantee’s household (other than a tenant or employee), a trust in which these persons (or the Grantee) have more than fifty percent (50%) of the beneficial interest, a foundation in which these persons (or the Grantee) control the management of assets, and any other entity in which these persons (or the Grantee) own more than fifty percent (50%) of the voting interests.
(aa) “Grantee” means an Employee, Director or Consultant who receives an Award under the Plan.
(bb) “Incentive Stock Option” means an Option intended to qualify as an incentive stock option within the meaning of Section 422 of the Code.
(cc) “Non-Qualified Stock Option” means an Option not intended to qualify as an Incentive Stock Option.
(dd) “Officer” means a person who is an officer of the Company or a Related Entity within the meaning of Section 16 of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
(ee) “Option” means an option to purchase Shares pursuant to an Award Agreement granted under the Plan.
(ff) “Parent” means a “parent corporation”, whether now or hereafter existing, as defined in Section 424(e) of the Code.
(gg) “Performance-Based Compensation” means compensation qualifying as “performance-based compensation” under Section 162(m) of the Code.
(hh) “Plan” means this Lectrefy Inc. 2018 Stock Incentive Plan.
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(ii) “Post-Termination Exercise Period” means the earlier conclusion of either:
(A) the term of the Option stated in the Award Agreement; or (B) the period specified in the Award Agreement of not less than thirty (30) days commencing on the date of termination (other than termination by the Company or any Related Entity for Cause) of the Grantee’s Continuous Service, or such longer period as may be applicable upon death or Disability.
(jj) “Registration Date” means the first to occur of (i) the closing of the first sale to the general public pursuant to a registration statement filed with and declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or by another regulatory agency and/or exchange approved by the Board, of (A) the Common Stock or
(B) the same class of securities of a successor corporation (or its Parent) issued pursuant to a Corporate Transaction in exchange for or in substitution of the Common Stock; and (ii) in the event of a Corporate Transaction, the date of the consummation of the Corporate Transaction if the same class of securities of the successor corporation (or its Parent) issuable in such Corporate Transaction shall have been sold to the general public pursuant to a registration statement filed with and declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or by another regulatory agency and/or exchange approved by the Board, on or prior to the date of consummation of such Corporate Transaction.
(kk) “Related Entity” means any Parent or Subsidiary of the Company.
(ll) “Restricted Stock” means Shares issued under the Plan to the Grantee for such consideration, if any, and subject to such restrictions on transfer, rights of first refusal, repurchase provisions, forfeiture provisions, and other terms and conditions as established by the Administrator.
(mm) “Restricted Stock Units” means an Award which may be earned in whole or in part upon the passage of time or the attainment of performance criteria established by the Administrator and which may be settled for cash, Shares or other securities or a combination of cash, Shares or other securities as established by the Administrator.
(nn) “Rule 16b-3” means Rule 16b-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act or any successor thereto.
(oo) “Rule 701” means Rule 701 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
(pp) “SAR” means a stock appreciation right entitling the Grantee to Shares or cash compensation, as established by the Administrator, measured by appreciation in the value of Common Stock.
(qq) “Share” means a share of the Common Stock.
(rr) “Subsidiary” means a “subsidiary corporation”, whether now or hereafter existing, as defined in Section 424(f) of the Code.
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3. Stock Subject to the Plan.
(a) Subject to the provisions of Section 10 below, the maximum aggregate number of Shares which may be issued pursuant to all Awards (including Incentive Stock Options) is One Million Two Hundred and Fifty Thousand (1,250,000) Shares. The Shares may be authorized, but unissued, or reacquired Common Stock.
(b) Any Shares covered by an Award (or portion of an Award) which is forfeited, canceled or expires (whether voluntarily or involuntarily) shall be deemed not to have been issued for purposes of determining the maximum aggregate number of Shares which may be issued under the Plan. Shares that actually have been issued under the Plan pursuant to an Award shall not be returned to the Plan and shall not become available for future issuance under the Plan, except that if unvested Shares are forfeited or repurchased by the Company, such Shares shall become available for future grant under the Plan. To the extent not prohibited by the listing requirements of The Nasdaq National Market (or other established stock exchange or national market system on which the Common Stock is traded) and Applicable Law, any Shares covered by an Award which are surrendered (i) in payment of the Award exercise or purchase price or (ii) in satisfaction of tax withholding obligations incident to the exercise of an Award shall be deemed not to have been issued for purposes of determining the maximum number of Shares which may be issued pursuant to all Awards under the Plan, unless otherwise determined by the Administrator.
4. Administration of the Plan.
(a) Plan Administrator.
(i) Administration with Respect to Directors and Officers. Prior to the Registration Date, with respect to grants of Awards to Directors or Employees who are also Officers or Directors of the Company, the Plan shall be administered by (A) the Board or (B) a Committee designated by the Board, which Committee shall be constituted in such a manner as to satisfy the Applicable Laws. On or after the Registration Date, with respect to grants of Awards to Directors or Employees who are also Officers or Directors of the Company, the Plan shall be administered by (A) the Board or (B) a Committee designated by the Board, which Committee shall be constituted in such a manner as to satisfy the Applicable Laws and to permit such grants and related transactions under the Plan to be exempt from Section 16(b) of the Exchange Act in accordance with Rule 16b-3. Once appointed, such Committee shall continue to serve in its designated capacity until otherwise directed by the Board.
(ii) Administration With Respect to Consultants and Other Employees. With respect to grants of Awards to Employees or Consultants who are neither Directors nor Officers of the Company, the Plan shall be administered by (A) the Board or (B) a Committee designated by the Board, which Committee shall be constituted in such a manner as to satisfy the Applicable Laws. Once appointed, such Committee shall continue to serve in its designated capacity until otherwise directed by the Board.
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(iii) Administration With Respect to Covered Employees. Notwithstanding the foregoing, as of and after the date that the exemption for the Plan under Section 162(m) of the Code expires, as set forth in Section 20 below, grants of Awards to any Covered Employee intended to qualify as Performance-Based Compensation shall be made only by a Committee (or subcommittee of a Committee) which is comprised solely of two or more independent Directors eligible to serve on a committee making Awards qualifying as Performance-Based Compensation. In the case of such Awards granted to Covered Employees, references to the “Administrator” or to a “Committee” shall be deemed to be references to such Committee or subcommittee.
(b) Multiple Administrative Bodies. The Plan may be administered by different bodies with respect to Directors, Officers, Consultants, and Employees who are neither Directors nor Officers.
(c) Powers of the Administrator. Subject to Applicable Laws and the provisions of the Plan (including any other powers given to the Administrator hereunder), and except as otherwise provided by the Board, the Administrator shall have the authority, in its discretion:
(i) to select the Employees, Directors and Consultants to whom Awards may be granted from time to time hereunder;
(ii) to determine whether and to what extent Awards are granted hereunder;
(iii) to determine the number of Shares or the amount of other consideration to be covered by each Award granted hereunder;
(iv) to approve forms of Award Agreements for use under the Plan;
(v) to determine the terms and conditions of any Award granted hereunder;
(vi) to establish additional terms, conditions, rules or procedures to accommodate the rules or laws of applicable non-U.S. jurisdictions and to afford Grantees favorable treatment under such rules or laws; provided, however, that no Award shall be granted under any such additional terms, conditions, rules or procedures with terms or conditions which are inconsistent with the provisions of the Plan;
(vii) to amend the terms of any outstanding Award granted under the Plan, provided that any amendment that would adversely affect the Grantee’s rights under an outstanding Award shall not be made without the Grantee’s written consent; provided, however, that an amendment or modification that may cause an Incentive Stock Option to become a Non-Qualified Stock Option shall not be treated as adversely affecting the rights of the Grantee;
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(viii) to construe and interpret the terms of the Plan and Awards, including without limitation, any notice of Award or Award Agreement, granted pursuant to the Plan; and
(ix) to take such other action, not inconsistent with the terms of the Plan, as the Administrator deems appropriate.
The express grant in the Plan of any specific power to the Administrator shall not be construed as limiting any power or authority of the Administrator; provided that the Administrator may not exercise any right or power reserved to the Board. Any decision made, or action taken, by the Administrator or in connection with the administration of the Plan shall be final, conclusive and binding on all persons having an interest in the Plan.
(d) Indemnification. In addition to such other rights of indemnification as they may have as members of the Board or as Officers or Employees of the Company or a Related Entity, members of the Board and any Officers or Employees of the Company or a Related Entity to whom authority to act for the Board, the Administrator or the Company is delegated shall be defended and indemnified by the Company to the extent permitted by law on an after-tax basis against all reasonable expenses, including attorneys’ fees, actually and necessarily incurred in connection with the defense of any claim, investigation, action, suit or proceeding, or in connection with any appeal therein, to which they or any of them may be a party by reason of any action taken or failure to act under or in connection with the Plan, or any Award granted hereunder, and against all amounts paid by them in settlement thereof (provided such settlement is approved by the Company) or paid by them in satisfaction of a judgment in any such claim, investigation, action, suit or proceeding, except in relation to matters as to which it shall be adjudged in such claim, investigation, action, suit or proceeding that such person is liable for gross negligence, bad faith or intentional misconduct; provided, however, that within thirty (30) days after the institution of such claim, investigation, action, suit or proceeding, such person shall offer to the Company, in writing, the opportunity at the Company’s expense to defend the same.
5. Eligibility. Awards other than Incentive Stock Options may be granted to Employees, Directors and Consultants. Incentive Stock Options may be granted only to Employees of the Company or a Related Entity. An Employee, Director or Consultant who has been granted an Award may, if otherwise eligible, be granted additional Awards. Awards may be granted to such Employees, Directors or Consultants who are residing in non-U.S. jurisdictions as the Administrator may determine from time to time.
6. Terms and Conditions of Awards.
(a) Types of Awards. The Administrator is authorized under the Plan to award any type of arrangement to an Employee, Director or Consultant that is not inconsistent with the provisions of the Plan and that by its terms involves or might involve the issuance of (i) Shares, (ii) cash or (iii) an Option, a SAR, or similar right with a fixed or variable price related to the Fair Market Value of the Shares and with an exercise or conversion privilege related to the passage of time, the occurrence of one or more events, or the satisfaction of performance criteria or other conditions. Such Awards include, without limitation, Options, SARs, sales or bonuses of Restricted Stock, Restricted Stock Units or Dividend Equivalent Rights, and an Award may consist of one such security or benefit, or two (2) or more of them in any combination or alternative.
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(b) Designation of Award. Each Award shall be designated in the Award Agreement. In the case of an Option, the Option shall be designated as either an Incentive Stock Option or a Non-Qualified Stock Option. However, notwithstanding such designation, an Option will qualify as an Incentive Stock Option under the Code only to the extent the $100,000 dollar limitation of Section 422(d) of the Code is not exceeded. The $100,000 limitation of Section 422(d) of the Code is calculated based on the aggregate Fair Market Value of the Shares subject to Options designated as Incentive Stock Options that become exercisable for the first time by a Grantee during any calendar year (under all plans of the Company or Related Entity of the Company). For purposes of this calculation, Incentive Stock Options shall be taken into account in the order in which they were granted, and the Fair Market Value of the Shares shall be determined as of the grant date of the relevant Option.
(c) Conditions of Award. Subject to the terms of the Plan, the Administrator shall determine the provisions, terms, and conditions of each Award including, but not limited to, the Award vesting schedule, repurchase provisions, rights of first refusal, forfeiture provisions, form of payment (cash, Shares, or other consideration) upon settlement of the Award, payment contingencies, and satisfaction of any performance criteria. The performance criteria established by the Administrator may be based on any one of, or combination of, increase in share price, earnings per share, total stockholder return, return on equity, return on assets, return on investment, net operating income, cash flow, revenue, economic value added, personal management objectives, or other measure of performance selected by the Administrator. Partial achievement of the specified criteria may result in a payment or vesting corresponding to the degree of achievement as specified in the Award Agreement.
(d) Acquisitions and Other Transactions. The Administrator may issue Awards under the Plan in settlement, assumption or substitution for outstanding Awards or obligations to grant future Awards in connection with the Company or a Related Entity acquiring another entity, an interest in another entity or an additional interest in a Related Entity whether by merger, stock purchase, asset purchase or other form of transaction.
(e) Separate Programs. The Administrator may establish one or more separate programs under the Plan for the purpose of issuing particular forms of Awards to one or more classes of Grantees on such terms and conditions as determined by the Administrator from time to time.
(f) Individual Option and SAR Limit. Following the date that the exemption from application of Section 162(m) of the Code described in Section 20 (or any exemption having similar effect) ceases to apply to Awards, the maximum number of Shares with respect to which Options and SARs may be granted to any Grantee in any calendar year shall be Six Hundred and Twenty-Five Thousand (625,000) Shares. In connection with a Grantee’s commencement of Continuous Service, a Grantee may be granted Options and SARs for up to an additional Six Hundred and Twenty-Five Thousand (625,000) Shares that shall not count against the limit set forth in the previous sentence. The foregoing limitations shall be adjusted proportionately in connection with any change in the Company’s capitalization pursuant to Section 10, below. To the extent required by Section 162(m) of the Code or the regulations thereunder, in applying the foregoing limitations with respect to a Grantee, if any Option or SAR is canceled, the canceled Option or SAR shall continue to count against the maximum number of Shares with respect to which Options and SARs may be granted to the Grantee. For this purpose, the repricing of an Option (or in the case of a SAR, the base amount on which the stock appreciation is calculated is reduced to reflect a reduction in the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock) shall be treated as the cancellation of the existing Option or SAR and the grant of a new Option or SAR.
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(g) Early Exercise. The Award Agreement may, but need not, include a provision whereby the Grantee may elect at any time while an Employee, Director or Consultant to exercise any part or all of the Award prior to full vesting of the Award. Any unvested Shares received pursuant to such exercise may be subject to a repurchase right in favor of the Company or a Related Entity or to any other restriction the Administrator determines to be appropriate.
(h) Term of Award. The term of each Award shall be the term stated in the Award Agreement; provided, however, that the term shall be no more than ten (10) years from the date of grant thereof. However, in the case of an Incentive Stock Option granted to a Grantee who, at the time the Option is granted, owns stock representing more than ten percent (10%) of the voting power of all classes of stock of the Company or any Related Entity, the term of the Incentive Stock Option shall be five (5) years from the date of grant thereof or such shorter term as may be provided in the Award Agreement.
(i) Transferability of Awards. Incentive Stock Options may not be sold, pledged, assigned, hypothecated, transferred, or disposed of in any manner other than by will or by the laws of descent or distribution and may be exercised, during the lifetime of the Grantee, only by the Grantee. Other Awards shall be transferable (i) to a revocable trust, by will, by the laws of descent and distribution or as otherwise permitted by Rule 701, or (ii) during the lifetime of the Grantee, to the extent and in the manner authorized by the Administrator by gift or pursuant to a domestic relations order to the Grantee’s Family Members. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Grantee may designate one or more beneficiaries of the Grantee’s Award in the event of the Grantee’s death on a beneficiary designation form provided by the Administrator.
(j) Time of Granting Awards. The date of grant of an Award shall for all purposes be the date on which the Administrator makes the determination to grant such Award, or such other later date as is determined by the Administrator.
7. Award Exercise or Purchase Price, Consideration and Taxes.
(a) Exercise or Purchase Price. The exercise or purchase price, if any, for an Award shall be as follows:
(i) In the case of an Incentive Stock Option:
(A) granted to an Employee who, at the time of the grant of such Incentive Stock Option owns stock representing more than ten percent (10%) of the voting power of all classes of stock of the Company or any Related Entity of the Company, the per Share exercise price shall be not less than one hundred ten percent (110%) of the Fair Market Value per Share on the date of grant; or
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(B) granted to any Employee other than an Employee described in the preceding paragraph, the per Share exercise price shall be not less than one hundred percent (100%) of the Fair Market Value per Share on the date of grant.
(ii) In the case of a Non-Qualified Stock Option, the per Share exercise price shall be not less than one hundred percent (100%) of the Fair Market Value per Share on the date of grant.
(iii) In the case of Awards intended to qualify as Performance-Based Compensation, the exercise or purchase price, if any, shall be not less than one hundred percent (100%) of the Fair Market Value per Share on the date of grant.
(iv) In the case of the sale of Shares, the per Share purchase price shall be not less than one hundred percent (100%) of the Fair Market Value per Share on the date of grant.
(v) In the case of other Awards, such price as is determined by the Administrator.
(vi) Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 7(a), in the case of an Award issued pursuant to Section 6(d), above, the exercise or purchase price for the Award shall be determined in accordance with the provisions of the relevant instrument evidencing the agreement to issue such Award.
(b) Consideration. Subject to Applicable Laws, the consideration to be paid for the Shares to be issued upon exercise or purchase of an Award including the method of payment, shall be determined by the Administrator. In addition to any other types of consideration the Administrator may determine, the Administrator is authorized to accept as consideration for Shares issued under the Plan the following, provided that the portion of the consideration equal to the par value of the Shares must be paid in cash or other legal consideration permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law:
(i) cash;
(ii) check;
(iii) delivery of Grantee’s promissory note with such recourse, interest, security, and redemption provisions as the Administrator determines as appropriate (but only to the extent that the acceptance or terms of the promissory note would not violate an Applicable Law);
(iv) surrender of Shares or delivery of a properly executed form of attestation of ownership of Shares as the Administrator may require which have a Fair Market Value on the date of surrender or attestation equal to the aggregate exercise price of the Shares as to which said Award shall be exercised;
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(v) with respect to Options, if the exercise occurs on or after the Registration Date, payment through a broker-dealer sale and remittance procedure pursuant to which the Grantee (A) shall provide written instructions to a Company designated brokerage firm to effect the immediate sale of some or all of the purchased Shares and remit to the Company sufficient funds to cover the aggregate exercise price payable for the purchased Shares and (B) shall provide written directives to the Company to deliver the certificates for the purchased Shares directly to such brokerage firm in order to complete the sale transaction;
(vi) with respect to Options, payment through a “net exercise” such that, without the payment of any funds, the Grantee may exercise the Option and receive the net number of Shares equal to (i) the number of Shares as to which the Option is being exercised, multiplied by (ii) a fraction, the numerator of which is the Fair Market Value per Share (on such date as is determined by the Administrator) less the Exercise Price per Share, and the denominator of which is such Fair Market Value per Share; or
(vii) any combination of the foregoing methods of payment.
The Administrator may at any time or from time to time, by adoption of or by amendment to the standard forms of Award Agreement described in Section 4(c)(iv), or by other means, grant Awards which do not permit all of the foregoing forms of consideration to be used in payment for the Shares or which otherwise restrict one or more forms of consideration.
(c) Taxes. No Shares shall be delivered under the Plan to any Grantee or other person until such Grantee or other person has made arrangements acceptable to the Administrator for the satisfaction of any non-U.S., federal, state, or local income and employment tax withholding obligations, including, without limitation, obligations incident to the receipt of Shares. Upon exercise or vesting of an Award the Company shall withhold or collect from Grantee an amount sufficient to satisfy such tax obligations, including, but not limited to, by surrender of the whole number of Shares covered by the Award sufficient to satisfy the minimum applicable tax withholding obligations incident to the exercise or vesting of an Award.
8. Exercise of Award.
(a) Procedure for Exercise; Rights as a Stockholder.
(i) Any Award granted hereunder shall be exercisable at such times and under such conditions as determined by the Administrator under the terms of the Plan and specified in the Award Agreement, subject to reasonable conditions such as continued employment or Continuous Service.
(ii) An Award shall be deemed to be exercised when written notice of such exercise has been given to the Company in accordance with the terms of the Award by the person entitled to exercise the Award and full payment for the Shares with respect to which the Award is exercised has been made, including, to the extent selected, use of the broker-dealer sale and remittance procedure to pay the purchase price as provided in Section 7(b)(v).
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(b) Exercise of Award Following Termination of Continuous Service. In the event of termination of a Grantee’s Continuous Service for any reason other than Disability or death (but not in the event of a Grantee’s change of status from Employee to Consultant or from Consultant to Employee), such Grantee may, but only during the Post-Termination Exercise Period (but in no event later than the expiration date of the term of such Award as set forth in the Award Agreement), exercise the portion of the Grantee’s Award that was vested at the date of such termination or such other portion of the Grantee’s Award as may be determined by the Administrator. The Grantee’s Award Agreement may provide that upon the termination of the Grantee’s Continuous Service for Cause, the Grantee’s right to exercise the Award shall terminate concurrently with the termination of Grantee’s Continuous Service. In the event of a Grantee’s change of status from Employee to Consultant, an Employee’s Incentive Stock Option shall convert automatically to a Non-Qualified Stock Option on the day three (3) months and one day following such change of status. To the extent that the Grantee’s Award was unvested at the date of termination, or if the Grantee does not exercise the vested portion of the Grantee’s Award within the Post-Termination Exercise Period, the Award shall terminate.
(c) Disability of Grantee. In the event of termination of a Grantee’s Continuous Service as a result of his or her Disability, such Grantee may, but only within twelve (12) months from the date of such termination (or such longer period as specified in the Award Agreement but in no event later than the expiration date of the term of such Award as set forth in the Award Agreement), exercise the portion of the Grantee’s Award that was vested at the date of such termination; provided, however, that if such Disability is not a “disability” as such term is defined in Section 22(e)(3) of the Code, in the case of an Incentive Stock Option such Incentive Stock Option shall automatically convert to a Non-Qualified Stock Option on the day three (3) months and one day following such termination. To the extent that the Grantee’s Award was unvested at the date of termination, or if Grantee does not exercise the vested portion of the Grantee’s Award within the time specified herein, the Award shall terminate.
(d) Death of Grantee. In the event of a termination of the Grantee’s Continuous Service as a result of his or her death, or in the event of the death of the Grantee during the Post-Termination Exercise Period or during the twelve (12) month period following the Grantee’s termination of Continuous Service as a result of his or her Disability, the Grantee’s estate or a person who acquired the right to exercise the Award by bequest or inheritance may exercise the portion of the Grantee’s Award that was vested as of the date of termination, within twelve (12) months from the date of death (or such longer period as specified in the Award Agreement but in no event later than the expiration of the term of such Award as set forth in the Award Agreement). To the extent that, at the time of death, the Grantee’s Award was unvested, or if the Grantee’s estate or a person who acquired the right to exercise the Award by bequest or inheritance does not exercise the vested portion of the Grantee’s Award within the time specified herein, the Award shall terminate.
(e) Extension if Exercise Prevented by Law. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the exercise of an Award within the applicable time periods set forth in this Section 8 is prevented by the provisions of Section 9 below, then the Award shall remain exercisable until thirty (30) days after the corresponding limitation or restriction on exercisability lapses (regardless as to whether or not the Company has notified the Grantee), but in any event no later than the expiration of the term of such Award as set forth in the Award Agreement.
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9. Conditions Upon Issuance of Shares.
(a) Shares shall not be issued pursuant to the exercise of an Award unless the exercise of such Award and the issuance and delivery of such Shares pursuant thereto shall comply with all Applicable Laws, and shall be further subject to the approval of counsel for the Company with respect to such compliance.
(b) As a condition to the exercise of an Award, the Company may require the person exercising such Award to represent and warrant at the time of any such exercise that the Shares are being purchased only for investment and without any present intention to sell or distribute such Shares if, in the opinion of counsel for the Company, such a representation is required by any Applicable Laws.
10. Adjustments Upon Changes in Capitalization. Subject to any required action by the stockholders of the Company, the number of Shares covered by each outstanding Award, and the number of Shares which have been authorized for issuance under the Plan but as to which no Awards have yet been granted or which have been returned to the Plan, the exercise or purchase price of each such outstanding Award, the maximum number of Shares with respect to which Options and SARs may be granted to any Grantee in any calendar year, as well as any other terms that the Administrator determines require adjustment shall be proportionately adjusted for (i) any increase or decrease in the number of issued Shares resulting from a stock split, reverse stock split, stock dividend, combination or reclassification of the Shares, or similar transaction affecting the Shares, (ii) any other increase or decrease in the number of issued Shares effected without receipt of consideration by the Company, or (iii) as the Administrator may determine in its discretion, any other transaction with respect to Common Stock including a corporate merger, consolidation, acquisition of property or stock, separation (including a spin-off or other distribution of stock or property), reorganization, liquidation (whether partial or complete) or any similar transaction; provided, however that conversion of any convertible securities of the Company shall not be deemed to have been “effected without receipt of consideration.” In the event of any distribution of cash or other assets to stockholders other than a normal cash dividend, the Administrator may also, in its discretion, make adjustments in connection with the events described in (i)-(iii) of this Section 10 or substitute, exchange or grant Awards with respect to the shares of a Related Entity (collectively “adjustments”). In determining adjustments to be made under this Section 10, the Administrator may take into account such factors as it deems appropriate, including (x) the restrictions of Applicable Law, (y) the potential tax, accounting or other consequences of an adjustment and (z) the possibility that some Grantees might receive an adjustment and a distribution or other unintended benefit, and in light of such factors or circumstances may make adjustments that are not uniform or proportionate among outstanding Awards, modify vesting dates, defer the delivery of stock certificates or make other equitable adjustments. Any such adjustments to outstanding Awards will be effected in a manner that precludes the material enlargement of rights and benefits under such Awards. Adjustments, if any, and any determinations or interpretations, including any determination of whether a distribution is other than a normal cash dividend, shall be made by the Administrator and its determination shall be final, binding and conclusive. In connection with the foregoing adjustments, the Administrator may, in its discretion, prohibit the exercise of Awards during certain periods of time. Except as the Administrator determines, no issuance by the Company of shares of any class, or securities convertible into shares of any class, shall affect, and no adjustment by reason hereof shall be made with respect to, the number or price of Shares subject to an Award.
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11. Corporate Transactions and Changes in Control.
(a) Termination of Award to Extent Not Assumed in Corporate Transaction. Effective upon the consummation of a Corporate Transaction, all outstanding Awards under the Plan shall terminate. However, all such Awards shall not terminate to the extent they are Assumed in connection with the Corporate Transaction.
(b) Acceleration of Award Upon Corporate Transaction or Change in Control. The Administrator shall have the authority, exercisable either in advance of any actual or anticipated Corporate Transaction or Change in Control or at the time of an actual Corporate Transaction or Change in Control and exercisable at the time of the grant of an Award under the Plan or any time while an Award remains outstanding, to provide for the full or partial automatic vesting and exercisability of one or more outstanding unvested Awards under the Plan and the release from restrictions on transfer and repurchase or forfeiture rights of such Awards in connection with a Corporate Transaction or Change in Control, on such terms and conditions as the Administrator may specify. The Administrator also shall have the authority to condition any such Award vesting and exercisability or release from such limitations upon the subsequent termination of the Continuous Service of the Grantee within a specified period following the effective date of the Corporate Transaction or Change in Control. The Administrator may provide that any Awards, so vested or released from such limitations in connection with a Change in Control or a Corporate Transaction, shall remain fully exercisable until the expiration or sooner termination of the Award.
(c) Effect of Acceleration on Incentive Stock Options. Any Incentive Stock Option accelerated under this Section 11 in connection with a Corporate Transaction or Change in Control shall remain exercisable as an Incentive Stock Option under the Code only to the extent the $100,000 dollar limitation of Section 422(d) of the Code is not exceeded.
12. Repurchase Rights. If the provisions of an Award Agreement grant to the Company the right to repurchase Shares upon termination of the Grantee’s Continuous Service, then, except in the case where the Plan complies with all applicable conditions of Rule 701, the Award Agreement shall (or may, with respect to Awards granted or issued to Officers, Directors or Consultants) provide that:
(a) the right to repurchase must be exercised, if at all, within ninety (90) days of the termination of the Grantee’s Continuous Service (or in the case of Shares issued upon exercise of Awards after the date of termination of the Grantee’s Continuous Service, within ninety (90) days after the date of the Award exercise);
(b) the consideration payable for the Shares upon exercise of such repurchase right shall be made in cash or by cancellation of purchase money indebtedness within the ninety (90) day periods specified in Section 12(a);
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(c) the amount of such consideration shall be equal to the original purchase price paid by Grantee for each such Share or the Fair Market Value of the Shares to be repurchased on the date of termination of Grantee’s Continuous Service; provided, that if such Shares may be repurchased at the original purchase price, such repurchase right shall lapse at the rate of at least twenty percent (20%) of the Shares subject to the Award per year over five (5) years from the date the Award is granted (without respect to the date the Award was exercised or became exercisable); and
(d) the right to repurchase Shares, other than a right to repurchase under which Shares may be repurchased at the original purchase price, shall terminate on the Registration Date.
13. Effective Date and Term of Plan. The Plan shall become effective upon the earlier to occur of its adoption by the Board or its approval by the stockholders of the Company. It shall continue in effect for a term of ten (10) years unless sooner terminated. Subject to Section 18 below, and Applicable Laws, Awards may be granted under the Plan upon its becoming effective.
14. Amendment, Suspension or Termination of the Plan.
(a) The Board may at any time amend, suspend or terminate the Plan. To the extent necessary to comply with Applicable Laws, the Company shall obtain stockholder approval of any Plan amendment in such a manner and to such a degree as required.
(b) No Award may be granted during any suspension of the Plan or after termination of the Plan.
(c) No suspension or termination of the Plan (including termination of the Plan under Section 13, above) shall adversely affect any rights under Awards already granted to a Grantee.
15. Reservation of Shares.
(a) The Company, during the term of the Plan, will at all times reserve and keep available such number of Shares as shall be sufficient to satisfy the requirements of the Plan.
(b) The inability of the Company to obtain authority from any regulatory body having jurisdiction, which authority is deemed by the Company’s counsel to be necessary to the lawful issuance and sale of any Shares hereunder, shall relieve the Company of any liability in respect of the failure to issue or sell such Shares as to which such requisite authority shall not have been obtained.
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16. No Effect on Terms of Employment/Consulting Relationship. The Plan shall not confer upon any Grantee any right with respect to the Grantee’s Continuous Service, nor shall it interfere in any way with his or her right or the right of the Company or a Related Entity to terminate the Grantee’s Continuous Service at any time, with or without Cause, and with or without notice. The ability of the Company or any Related Entity to terminate the employment of a Grantee who is employed at will is in no way affected by its determination that the Grantee’s Continuous Service has been terminated for Cause for the purposes of this Plan.
17. No Effect on Retirement and Other Benefit Plans. Except as specifically provided in a retirement or other benefit plan of the Company or a Related Entity, Awards shall not be deemed compensation for purposes of computing benefits or contributions under any retirement plan of the Company or a Related Entity, and shall not affect any benefits under any other benefit plan of any kind or any benefit plan subsequently instituted under which the availability or amount of benefits is related to level of compensation. The Plan is not a “Retirement Plan” or “Welfare Plan” under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended.
18. Stockholder Approval. Continuance of the Plan shall be subject to approval by the stockholders of the Company within twelve (12) months before or after the date the Plan is adopted. Such stockholder approval shall be obtained in the degree and manner required under Applicable Laws. Any Award exercised before stockholder approval is obtained shall be rescinded if stockholder approval is not obtained within the time prescribed, and Shares issued on the exercise of any such Award shall not be counted in determining whether stockholder approval is obtained.
19. Information to Grantees. If the Plan fails to comply with the applicable conditions of Rule 701, then the Company shall provide to each Grantee, during the period for which such Grantee has one or more Awards outstanding, copies of financial statements at least annually. The Company shall not be required to provide such information to persons whose duties in connection with the Company assure them access to equivalent information.
20. Effect of Section 162(m) of the Code. Section 162(m) of the Code does not apply to the Plan prior to the Registration Date or such earlier time that the Company first becomes subject to the reporting obligations of Section 12 of the Exchange Act. Following the Registration Date or such earlier time that the Company first becomes subject to the reporting obligations of Section 12 of the Exchange Act, the Plan, and all Awards (except Awards of Restricted Stock that vest over time) issued thereunder, are intended to be exempt from the application of Section 162(m) of the Code, which restricts under certain circumstances the Federal income tax deduction for compensation paid by a public company to named executives in excess of $1 million per year. The exemption is based on Treasury Regulation Section 1.16227(f), in the form existing on the effective date of the Plan, with the understanding that such regulation generally exempts from the application of Section 162(m) of the Code compensation paid pursuant to a plan that existed before a company becomes publicly held. Under such Treasury Regulation, this exemption is available to the Plan for the duration of the period that lasts until the earliest of (i) the expiration of the Plan, (ii) the material modification of the Plan, (iii) the exhaustion of the maximum number of shares of Common Stock available for Awards under the Plan, as set forth in Section 3(a), (iv) the first meeting of stockholders at which directors are to be elected that occurs after the close of the third calendar year following the calendar year in which the Company first becomes subject to the reporting obligations of Section 12 of the Exchange Act, or (v) such other date required by Section 162(m) of the Code and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. To the extent that the Administrator determines as of the date of grant of an Award that (i) the Award is intended to qualify as Performance-Based Compensation and (ii) the exemption described above is no longer available with respect to such Award, such Award shall not be effective until any stockholder approval required under Section 162(m) of the Code has been obtained.
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21. Unfunded Obligation. Grantees shall have the status of general unsecured creditors of the Company. Any amounts payable to Grantees pursuant to the Plan shall be unfunded and unsecured obligations for all purposes, including, without limitation, Title I of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended. Neither the Company nor any Related Entity shall be required to segregate any monies from its general funds, or to create any trusts, or establish any special accounts with respect to such obligations. The Company shall retain at all times beneficial ownership of any investments, including trust investments, which the Company may make to fulfill its payment obligations hereunder. Any investments or the creation or maintenance of any trust or any Grantee account shall not create or constitute a trust or fiduciary relationship between the Administrator, the Company or any Related Entity and a Grantee, or otherwise create any vested or beneficial interest in any Grantee or the Grantee’s creditors in any assets of the Company or a Related Entity. The Grantees shall have no claim against the Company or any Related Entity for any changes in the value of any assets that may be invested or reinvested by the Company with respect to the Plan.
22. Construction. Captions and titles contained herein are for convenience only and shall not affect the meaning or interpretation of any provision of the Plan. Except when otherwise indicated by the context, the singular shall include the plural and the plural shall include the singular. Use of the term “or” is not intended to be exclusive, unless the context clearly requires otherwise.
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Exhibit 10.2
AGreement And PLan Of MErger
This AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER (this “Agreement”), dated as of July 11, 2018 (the “Effective Date”), is entered into by and between Lectrefy Inc., a Florida corporation (“Lectrefy Florida”) and Lectrefy Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Lectrefy Delaware”).
Recitals
Whereas, Lectrefy Delaware is a corporation duly organized and existing under the laws of the State of Delaware and has an authorized capital of 15,000,000 shares of common stock, $0.0001 par value (“Common Stock”). As of the Effective Date, 1,000 shares of Lectrefy Delaware’s Common Stock were issued and outstanding, all of which are held by Lectrefy Florida. Lectrefy Delaware was formed solely for the purposes contemplated by this Agreement, and prior to becoming the Surviving Corporation (as defined below) shall have had no operations, assets or liabilities;
Whereas, Lectrefy Florida is a corporation duly organized and existing under the laws of the State of Florida and has an authorized capital of 100,000,000 shares of common stock. As of the Effective Date, 2,500,000 shares of Lectrefy Florida’s common stock were issued and outstanding;
Whereas, Lectrefy Delaware is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Lectrefy Florida;
Whereas, the parties hereto desire to effect a reorganization in which Lectrefy Florida will be merged with and into Lectrefy Delaware (the “Merger”), as a result of which the separate existence of Lectrefy Florida shall cease, and Lectrefy Delaware shall be the surviving corporation (sometimes referred to herein as the “Surviving Corporation”) and shall continue its existence under the laws of the State of Delaware;
Whereas, the Merger shall be accomplished by the filing of a certificate of merger with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware (the “Certificate of Merger”) and the filing of the Articles of Merger and this Agreement with the Secretary of State of the State of Florida (the “Articles of Merger”), each of which contain such provisions as are required by applicable law, consistent with the terms specified herein; and
Whereas, the Merger is intended to qualify as a transaction governed by Section 368(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
Agreement
Now, therefore, in consideration of the foregoing premises and the representations, warranties, covenants and agreements herein contained, and intending to be legally bound hereby, the parties hereby agree as follows:
ARTICLE I.
The merger
Section 1.01 Filing of the Certificate of Merger; Effective Time. The Merger will become effective on July 11, 2018 (the “Effective Time”) following the filing of the Certificate of Merger with the Delaware Secretary of State and the filing of the Articles of Merger and this Agreement with the Florida Secretary of State in accordance with applicable Delaware and Florida law.
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Section 1.02 The Merger. At the Effective Time, the separate existence of Lectrefy Florida shall cease and Lectrefy Delaware, as the Surviving Corporation, shall: (i) continue to possess all assets, rights, powers and property (real, personal and mixed) of Lectrefy Florida as constituted immediately prior to the Effective Time; (ii) be subject to all actions previously taken by the Board of Directors and officers of Lectrefy Florida; (iii) succeed, without other transfer, to all of the assets, rights, powers and property (real, personal and mixed) of Lectrefy Florida, in the manner more fully set forth in Section 259 of the Delaware General Corporation Law (the “DGCL”); and (iv) succeed, without other transfer, to all of the debts, liabilities and obligations of Lectrefy Florida in the same manner as if Lectrefy Delaware had itself incurred them, as more fully provided under the applicable provisions of the DGCL.
Section 1.03 Charter Documents; Directors and Officers. At the Effective Time: (i) the corporate name of the Surviving Corporation shall be “Lectrefy Inc.”; (ii) the Certificate of Incorporation of Lectrefy Delaware in effect immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be the Certificate of Incorporation of the Surviving Corporation following the Merger unless and until the same shall be amended or repealed in accordance with the provisions thereof; (iii) the Bylaws of Lectrefy Delaware in effect immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be the Bylaws of the Surviving Corporation following the Merger unless and until the same shall be amended or repealed in accordance with the provisions thereof; (iv) the officers of the Surviving Corporation following the Merger shall be those persons who were the officers of Lectrefy Florida immediately prior to the Effective Time, and such persons shall serve as officers for the terms provided by law or in the bylaws or until their respective successors are elected or appointed, as applicable; and (v) the directors of the Surviving Corporation following the Merger shall be Paul Antonio Pereira, John M. Cook II and Carlos D. Heredia, and such persons shall serve as directors for the terms provided by law or in the bylaws or until their respective successors are elected or appointed, as applicable.
Section 1.04 Conversion of Shares and Interests. At the Effective Time, by virtue of the Merger and without any action by the owners of the outstanding shares of capital stock, or any other person: (i) all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of Lectrefy Delaware shall be cancelled; (ii) each issued and outstanding share of capital stock of Lectrefy Florida shall be converted into and become one fully paid and non-assessable share of Common Stock of the Surviving Corporation; and (iii) with respect to any securities to acquire, or convertible into, Lectrefy Florida common stock, each such option, warrant, purchase right, unit or other security issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time (if any) shall be converted into the right to acquire the same number of shares of Lectrefy Delaware Common Stock on the same terms as the number of shares of Lectrefy Florida common stock that were acquirable pursuant to such security. The same number of shares of the Surviving Corporation’s Common Stock shall be reserved for purposes of the exercise of any such options, warrants, purchase rights, units or other securities as is equal to the number of shares of Lectrefy Florida common stock so reserved immediately prior to the Effective Time, if any. Each certificate representing Common Stock of the Surviving Corporation issued in the Merger shall bear the same legends, if any, with respect to the restrictions on transferability as the certificates of Lectrefy Florida so converted and given in exchange therefor, unless otherwise determined by the Board of Directors of the Surviving Corporation in compliance with applicable laws. Each share of Common Stock of Lectrefy Delaware owned by Lectrefy Florida shall no longer be outstanding and shall be cancelled and retired and shall cease to exist at the Effective Time.
ARTICLE II.
RElated MAtters; TErmination
Section 2.01 Cooperation; Best Efforts. Each of the parties will use its respective best efforts to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, the Certificate of Merger and the Articles of Merger, and will cooperate in any action necessary or advisable to facilitate such consummation including, without limitation, making all filings required in order to obtain any necessary consents or comply with law and providing any information required in connection therewith.
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Section 2.02 Change in Structure of Transactions. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, if at any time after the Effective Date, it shall appear that a change in the structure of the transaction contemplated hereby shall be necessary or desirable in order to comply with applicable law or the requirements of regulatory authorities having jurisdiction over the transaction or for any other reason, the parties hereto agree to cooperate in making such changes in this Agreement, the Certificate of Merger, the Articles of Merger and other documents contemplated hereby and in taking such other actions as may be required to effectuate such changes.
Section 2.03 Termination of Agreement and Abandonment of Merger. Anything herein contained to the contrary notwithstanding, this Agreement, the Certificate of Merger and the Articles of Merger may be terminated at any time before the filing of the Certificate of Merger, whether before or after approval by the Boards of Directors or shareholders of Lectrefy Florida or Lectrefy Delaware, upon the written consent of the parties hereto.
Section 2.04 Reorganization for Tax Purposes. The Merger is intended to be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes as a “reorganization” described in Section 368(a)(1)(F) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and by executing this agreement the parties intend to adopt a “plan of reorganization” within the meaning of Sections 1.368-2(g) and 1.368-3(a) of the Treasury Regulations.
ARTICLE III.
GEneral PRovisions
Section 3.01 Amendments. Subject to applicable law, this Agreement, the Certificate of Merger or the Articles of Merger may be amended in writing executed by both parties hereto, whether before or after the relevant approvals of the Board of Directors or shareholders.
Section 3.02 Governing Law. This Agreement and the legal relations between the parties shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the internal laws of the State of Delaware without taking into account provisions regarding choice of law and, as far as applicable, the merger provisions of the Florida Statutes.
Section 3.03 Notices. Any notices or other communications required or permitted hereunder shall be sufficiently given if sent by registered or certified mail, postage prepaid, to the applicable address set forth on the signature page hereto or such other address as shall be furnished in writing by any such party, and any such notice or communication shall be deemed to have been given two business days after the date of such mailing (except that a notice of change of address shall not be deemed to have been given until received by the addressee). Notices may also be sent by facsimile, telegram, telex or hand delivery and in such event shall be deemed to have been given as of the date received.
Section 3.04 Registered Office. The registered office of the Surviving Corporation in the State of Delaware is located at 1300 South Farm View Drive, #J-35, Dover, DE 19904, County of Kent and Telos Legal Corp. is the registered agent of the Surviving Corporation at such address.
Section 3.05 No Assignment. Neither this Agreement, the Certificate of Merger nor the Articles of Merger may be assigned by the parties hereto, by operation of law or otherwise.
Section 3.06 Headings. The description headings of the Articles and Sections of this Agreement are inserted for convenience only and do not constitute a part of this Agreement.
Section 3.07 Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed by facsimile or other electronic means in two or more counterparts, all of which shall be considered one and the same agreement and shall become effective when one or more counterparts have been signed by each of the parties and delivered to each of the other parties hereto.
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Section 3.08 Entire Agreement. This Agreement and any certificates required to be delivered hereunder and any amendments hereafter executed and delivered in accordance with Section 3.1, constitute the entire agreement of the parties hereto pertaining to the transaction contemplated hereby. This Agreement is not intended to confer upon any other person any rights or remedies hereunder.
Section 3.09 Waiver. Any party hereto may waive any of the conditions to its obligations. No waiver of a condition shall constitute a waiver of any of such party’s other rights or remedies, at law or in equity, or of any other conditions to such party’s obligations.
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, each of the parties has caused this Agreement to be executed on its behalf by its officers thereunto duly authorized, all as of the Effective Date.
[SIGNATURE PAGE TO AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER]
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Exhibit 10.3
LECTREFY INC.
SERIES SEED PREFERRED STOCK INVESTMENT AGREEMENT
This Series Seed Preferred Stock Investment Agreement (this “Agreement”) is dated as of the Agreement Date and is between and among the Company, the Purchasers and the Key Holders.
The parties agree as follows:
1. DEFINITIONS. Capitalized terms used and not otherwise defined in this Agreement or the Exhibit and Schedules thereto have the meanings set forth in Exhibit A.
2. INVESTMENT. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, including the Agreement Terms set forth in Exhibit B, (i) each Purchaser shall purchase at the applicable Closing and the Company shall sell and issue to each Purchaser at such Closing that number of shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock set forth opposite such Purchaser’s name on Schedule 1, at a price per share equal to the Purchase Price (subject to any applicable discounts when all or a portion of such Purchase Price is being paid by cancellation of indebtedness of the Company to such Purchaser) and (ii) each Purchaser, the Company, and each Key Holder agrees to be bound by the obligations set forth in this Agreement and to grant to the other parties hereto the rights set forth in this Agreement.
3. ENTIRE AGREEMENT. This Agreement (including the Exhibits and Schedules hereto) together with the Restated Charter (as defined below) constitute the full and entire understanding and agreement between the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof, and any other written or oral agreement relating to the subject matter hereof existing between the parties is expressly canceled.
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EXHIBIT A
DEFINITIONS
1. OVERVIEW DEFINITIONS.
“Agreement Date” means August 1, 2018.
“Company” means Lectrefy Inc.
“Governing Law” means the laws of the State of Delaware.
“Dispute Resolution Jurisdiction” means the federal and state courts located in Miami, Florida.
“Stock Plan” means the Lectrefy Inc. 2018 Stock Incentive Plan.
2. BOARD COMPOSITION DEFINITIONS.
“Common Board Member Count” means two (2) or four (4), as applicable, in accordance with the Restated Charter.
“Mutual Consent Board Member Count” means one (1).
“Series Seed Board Member Count” means two (2) or zero (0), as applicable, in accordance with the Restated Charter.
“Common Control Holders” means the Key Holders.
3. TERM SHEET DEFINITIONS.
“Major Purchaser Dollar Threshold” means $1,000,000.
“Purchase Price” means $1.00 per share of Series Seed Preferred Stock.
“Total Series Seed Investment Amount” means $2,500,000.
“Unallocated Post-Money Option Pool Percent” means 20%.
4. RESULTING CAP TABLE DEFINITIONS.
“Common Shares Issued and Outstanding Pre-Money” means 2,500,000 shares of Common Stock.
“Total Post-Money Shares Reserved for Option Pool” means 1,250,000 shares of Common Stock.
“Number of Issued and Outstanding Options” means zero (0).
“Unallocated Post-Money Option Pool Shares” means 1,250,000 shares of Common Stock.
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SCHEDULE 1
SCHEDULE OF PURCHASERS & KEY HOLDERS
PURCHASERS:
Shares of
Series Seed |
||||||||||||||
Preferred | Total | |||||||||||||
Name, Address and E-Mail of | Stock | Purchase | Cash | Purchase | ||||||||||
Purchaser | Purchased | Date | Payment | Amount | ||||||||||
Lee Aerospace, Inc.1 9323 E 34th St N, Wichita, KS 67226 |
500,000 |
Agreement
Date |
$ | 500,000 | 2 | $ | 500,000 |
1 Lee Aerospace, Inc., a Kansas corporation (“LAI”), is a “Purchaser” hereunder and shall purchase additional shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock at the Purchase Price, as follows: (i) 500,000 shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock on or before August 1, 2018; and (ii) after August 1, 2018, up to an aggregate of 1,500,000 additional shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock from time to time upon LAI’s receipt from the Company of a written notice (including by email) (each an “Investment Request Notice”), describing the requested investment amount (each a “Requested Investment Amount”), the corresponding number of shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock and the related use of funds in reasonable detail. LAI and the Company each acknowledge and agree that\ any of the following items shall constitute a “Series Seed Failure to Invest” for purposes of this Agreement and the Restated Charter: (a) LAI’s failure to notify the Company in writing (including by email) on or before 5:00 PM (Pacific) on the third (3rd) business day following LAI’s receipt of an Investment Request Notice or Financial Commitment Notice, indicating, as applicable, whether LAI intends to fund the corresponding Requested Investment Amount or provide its corresponding Financial Commitment Consent; or (b) LAI’s failure to fund to the Company in immediately available funds a Requested Investment Amount within ten (10) business days following LAI’s receipt of the corresponding Investment Request Notice; or (c) LAI’s failure to fund or pay in immediately available funds any future payable or other financial obligation when scheduled or due, in each case as previously agreed to in writing by the Company and LAI; or (d) LAI’s delivery of written notice (including by email) to the Company indicating that LAI will not provide additional funding to the Company hereunder.
2 LAI and the Company each acknowledge and agree that: (i) the Multiple Advance Partner Contribution Note, dated April 24, 2018 and issued by the Company to LAI (the “Note”), is hereby terminated in its entirety (including, without limitation, all of the rights and obligations under the Note), with no further legal force or effect; and (ii) the aggregate indebtedness under the Note as of the Amendment Date equals $500,000, and the cancellation of such indebtedness constitutes full consideration for the Company’s issuance of 500,000 shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock to LAI as of the Amendment Date.
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KEY HOLDERS:
Name, Address and E-Mail of Key Holder | Shares of Common Stock Held | |||
Paul Antonio Pereira 350 Lincoln Road, Suite 5050, Miami Beach, FL 33139 paul@lectrefy.com |
1,125,000 | |||
John M. Cook II 350 Lincoln Road, Suite 5050, Miami Beach, FL 33139 jcook@lectrefy.com |
1,125,000 | |||
Charles Raglan Pereira | 250,000 | |||
350 Lincoln Road, Suite 5050, Miami Beach, FL 33139 | ||||
charles@lectrefy.com |
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EXHIBIT B
AGREEMENT TERMS
1. PURCHASE AND SALE OF SERIES SEED PREFERRED STOCK.
1.1 Sale and Issuance of Series Seed Preferred Stock.
1.1.1 The Company shall adopt and file the Company’s Restated Certificate of Incorporation, in substantially the form of Exhibit C attached to this Agreement (as the same may be amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Restated Charter”), with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on or before the Initial Closing.
1.1.2 Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, each investor listed as a “Purchaser” on Schedule 1 (each, a “Purchaser” and collectively, the “Purchasers”) shall purchase at the applicable Closing, and the Company agrees to sell and issue to each Purchaser at such Closing, that number of shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock of the Company (“Series Seed Preferred Stock”) set forth opposite such Purchaser’s name on Schedule 1, at a purchase price per share equal to the Purchase Price.
1.2 Closing; Delivery.
1.2.1 The initial purchase and sale of the shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock hereunder shall take place remotely via the exchange of documents and signatures on the Agreement Date or the subsequent date on which one or more Purchasers execute counterpart signature pages to this Agreement and deliver the Purchase Price to the Company (which date is referred to herein as the “Initial Closing”).
1.2.2 At any time and from time to time during the one hundred twenty (120) day period immediately following the Initial Closing (the “Additional Closing Period”), the Company may, at one or more additional closings (each an “Additional Closing” and together with the Initial Closing, each, a “Closing”), without obtaining the signature, consent or permission of any of the Purchasers in the Initial Closing or any prior Additional Closing, offer and sell to other investors (the “New Purchasers”), at a per share purchase price equal to the Purchase Price, up to that number of shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock that is equal to that number of shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock equal to the quotient of (x) Total Series Seed Investment Amount divided by (y) the Purchase Price, rounded up to the next whole share (the “Total Shares Authorized for Sale”), less the number of shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock actually issued and sold by the Company at the Initial Closing and any prior Additional Closings. New Purchasers may include persons or entities who are already Purchasers under this Agreement. The Company and each of the New Purchasers purchasing shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock at each Additional Closing will execute counterpart signature pages to this Agreement and each New Purchaser will, upon delivery by such New Purchaser and acceptance by the Company of such New Purchaser’s signature page and delivery of the Purchase Price by such New Purchaser to the Company, become a party to, and bound by, this Agreement to the same extent as if such New Purchaser had been a Purchaser at the Initial Closing and each such New Purchaser shall be deemed to be a Purchaser for all purposes under this Agreement as of the date of the applicable Additional Closing.
1.2.3 Promptly following each Closing, if required by the Company’s governing documents, the Company shall deliver to each Purchaser participating in such Closing a certificate representing the shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock being purchased by such Purchaser at such Closing against payment of the aggregate Purchase Price therefor by check payable to the Company, by wire transfer to a bank account designated by the Company, by cancellation or conversion of indebtedness of the Company to Purchaser or by any combination of such methods.
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2. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY. The Company hereby represents and warrants to each Purchaser that the following representations are true and complete in all material respects as of the Agreement Date, except as otherwise indicated.
2.1 Organization, Good Standing, Corporate Power and Qualification. The Company is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware and has all corporate power and corporate authority required (a) to carry on its business as presently conducted and as presently proposed to be conducted and (b) to execute, deliver and perform its obligations under this Agreement. The Company is duly qualified to transact business as a foreign corporation and is in good standing under the laws of each jurisdiction in which the failure to so qualify or be in good standing would have a material adverse effect on the business, assets (including intangible assets), liabilities, financial condition, property, or results of operations of the Company.
2.2 Capitalization.
2.2.1 The authorized capital of the Company consists, immediately prior to the Agreement Date (unless otherwise noted), of the following:
(a) The common stock of the Company (the “Common Stock”), of which that number of shares of Common Stock equal to (a) the Common Shares Issued and Outstanding Pre-Money are issued and outstanding as of immediately prior to the Agreement Date, (b) the number of shares of Common Stock which are issuable on conversion of shares of the Series Seed Preferred Stock have been reserved for issuance upon conversion of the Series Seed Preferred Stock and (c) the Total Post-Money Shares Reserved for Option Pool have been reserved for issuance pursuant to the Stock Plan, and of such Total Post-Money Shares Reserved for Option Pool, that number of shares of Common Stock equal to the Number of Issued and Outstanding Options are currently subject to outstanding options and that number of shares of Common Stock equal to the Unallocated Post-Money Option Pool Shares remain available for future issuance to officers, directors, employees and consultants pursuant to the Stock Plan. The ratio determined by dividing (x) the Unallocated Post-Money Option Pool Shares by (y) the Fully-Diluted Share Number (as defined below) is equal to the Unallocated Post-Money Option Pool Percent. All of the outstanding shares of Common Stock are duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and were issued in material compliance with all applicable federal and state securities laws. The Stock Plan has been duly adopted by the Board of Directors of the Company (the “Board”) and approved by the Company’s stockholders. For purposes of this Agreement, the term “Fully-Diluted Share Number” shall mean that number of shares of the Company’s capital stock equal to the sum of (i) all shares of the Company’s capital stock (on an as-converted basis) issued and outstanding, assuming exercise or conversion of all options, warrants and other convertible securities and (ii) all shares of the Company’s capital stock reserved and available for future grant under any equity incentive or similar plan.
(b) The shares of the preferred stock of the Company (the “Preferred Stock”), all of which is designated as Series Seed Preferred Stock, none of which is issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Agreement Date.
2.2.2 There are no outstanding preemptive rights, options, warrants, conversion privileges or rights (including, but not limited to, rights of first refusal or similar rights), orally or in writing, to purchase or acquire any securities from the Company including, without limitation, any shares of Common Stock, or Preferred Stock, or any securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for shares of Common Stock or Preferred Stock, except for (a) the conversion privileges of the Series Seed Preferred Stock pursuant to the terms of the Restated Charter and (b) the securities and rights described in this Agreement.
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2.2.3 The Key Holders set forth in Schedule 1 (each a “Key Holder”) hold that number of shares of Common Stock set forth opposite each such Key Holder’s name in Schedule 1 (such shares, the “Key Holders’ Shares”). Except as specified in Schedule 1, the Key Holders do not own or have any other rights to any other securities of the Company.
2.3 Subsidiaries. The Company does not currently own or control, directly or indirectly, any interest in any other corporation, partnership, trust, joint venture, limited liability company, association, or other business entity. The Company is not a participant in any joint venture, partnership or similar arrangement.
2.4 Authorization. All corporate action has been taken, or will be taken prior to the applicable Closing, on the part of the Board and stockholders that is necessary for the authorization, execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Company and the performance by the Company of the obligations to be performed by the Company as of the date hereof under this Agreement. This Agreement, when executed and delivered by the Company, shall constitute the valid and legally binding obligation of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except (a) as limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, fraudulent conveyance, or other laws of general application relating to or affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, or (b) as limited by laws relating to the availability of specific performance, injunctive relief, or other equitable remedies.
2.5 Valid Issuance of Shares. The shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock, when issued, sold and delivered in accordance with the terms and for the consideration set forth in this Agreement, will be duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and free of restrictions on transfer other than restrictions on transfer under this Agreement, applicable state and federal securities laws and liens or encumbrances created by or imposed by a Purchaser. Based in part on the accuracy of the representations of the Purchasers in Section 3 of this Agreement and subject to filings pursuant to Regulation D of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and applicable state securities laws, the offer, sale and issuance of the shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock to be issued pursuant to and in conformity with the terms of this Agreement and the issuance of the Common Stock, if any, to be issued upon conversion thereof for no additional consideration and pursuant to the Restated Charter, will be issued in compliance with all applicable federal and state securities laws. The Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock has been duly reserved for issuance, and upon issuance in accordance with the terms of the Restated Charter, will be duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and free of restrictions on transfer other than restrictions on transfer under this Agreement, applicable federal and state securities laws and liens or encumbrances created by or imposed by a Purchaser. Based in part upon the representations of the Purchasers in Section 3 of this Agreement, and subject to filings pursuant to Regulation D of the Securities Act and applicable state securities laws, the Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock will be issued in compliance with all applicable federal and state securities laws.
2.6 Litigation. There is no pending action, suit, proceeding, arbitration, mediation, complaint, claim, charge or investigation before any court, arbitrator, mediator or governmental body or, to the Company’s knowledge, currently threatened in writing (a) against the Company or (b) against any consultant, officer, director or key employee of the Company arising out of his or her consulting, employment or board relationship with the Company or that could otherwise materially impact the Company.
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2.7 Compliance with Other Instruments. The Company is not in violation or default (a) of any provisions of the Restated Charter or the Company’s bylaws, (b) of any judgment, order, writ or decree of any court or governmental entity, (c) under the materials terms of any agreement, instrument, contract, lease, note, indenture, mortgage or purchase order to which it is a party, or, (d) to its knowledge, of any provision of federal or state statute, rule or regulation materially applicable to the Company. The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement will not result in any such violation or default, or constitute, with or without the passage of time and giving of notice, either (i) a default under any such judgment, order, writ, decree, agreement, instrument, contract, lease, note, indenture, mortgage or purchase order or (ii) an event which results in the creation of any lien, charge or encumbrance upon any assets of the Company or the suspension, revocation, forfeiture, or nonrenewal of any material permit or license applicable to the Company.
2.8 Title to Property and Assets. The Company owns its properties and assets free and clear of all mortgages, deeds of trust, liens, encumbrances and security interests except for statutory liens for the payment of current taxes that are not yet delinquent and liens, encumbrances and security interests which arise in the ordinary course of business and which do not affect material properties and assets of the Company. With respect to the property and assets it leases, the Company is in material compliance with each such lease.
3. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES AND COVENANTS OF THE PURCHASERS. Each Purchaser hereby represents and warrants to the Company, severally and not jointly, as follows.
3.1 Authorization. The Purchaser has full power and authority to enter into this Agreement. This Agreement, when executed and delivered by the Purchaser, will constitute a valid and legally binding obligation of the Purchaser, enforceable in accordance with their terms, except (a) as limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, fraudulent conveyance, and any other laws of general application relating to or affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, or (b) the effect of rules of law governing the availability of equitable remedies.
3.2 Purchase Entirely for Own Account. This Agreement is made with the Purchaser in reliance upon the Purchaser’s representation to the Company, which by the Purchaser’s execution of this Agreement, the Purchaser hereby confirms, that the shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock to be acquired by the Purchaser will be acquired for investment for the Purchaser’s own account, not as a nominee or agent, and not with a view to the resale or distribution of any part thereof, and that the Purchaser has no present intention of selling, granting any participation in, or otherwise distributing the same. By executing this Agreement, the Purchaser further represents that the Purchaser does not presently have any contract, undertaking, agreement or arrangement with any person to sell, transfer or grant participations to such person or to any third person, with respect to any of the shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock. The Purchaser has not been formed for the specific purpose of acquiring the shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock.
3.3 Disclosure of Information. The Purchaser has had an opportunity to discuss the Company’s business, management, financial affairs and the terms and conditions of the offering of the shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock with the Company’s management. Nothing in this Section 3, including the foregoing sentence, limits or modifies the representations and warranties of the Company in Section 2 of this Agreement or the right of the Purchasers to rely thereon.
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3.4 Restricted Securities. The Purchaser understands that the shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock have not been, and will not be, registered under the Securities Act, by reason of a specific exemption from the registration provisions of the Securities Act which depends upon, among other things, the bona fide nature of the investment intent and the accuracy of the Purchaser’s representations as expressed herein. The Purchaser understands that the shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock are “restricted securities” under applicable United States federal and state securities laws and that, pursuant to these laws, the Purchaser must hold the shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock indefinitely unless they are registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission and qualified by state authorities or an exemption from such registration and qualification requirements is available. The Purchaser acknowledges that the Company has no obligation to register or qualify the shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock, or the Common Stock into which it may be converted, for resale. The Purchaser further acknowledges that if an exemption from registration or qualification is available, it may be conditioned on various requirements including, but not limited to, the time and manner of sale, the holding period for the shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock, and on requirements relating to the Company which are outside of the Purchaser’s control, and which the Company is under no obligation and may not be able to satisfy.
3.5 No Public Market. The Purchaser understands that no public market now exists for the shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock, and that the Company has made no assurances that a public market will ever exist for the shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock.
3.6 Legends. The Purchaser understands that the shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock and any securities issued in respect of or exchange for the shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock, may bear any one or more of the following legends: (a) any legend set forth in, or required by, this Agreement; (b) any legend required by the securities laws of any state to the extent such laws are applicable to the shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock represented by the certificate so legended; and (c) the following legend:
“THE SHARES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, AND HAVE BEEN ACQUIRED FOR INVESTMENT AND NOT WITH A VIEW TO, OR IN CONNECTION WITH, THE SALE OR DISTRIBUTION THEREOF. NO TRANSFER MAY BE EFFECTED WITHOUT AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT RELATED THERETO OR AN OPINION OF COUNSEL IN A FORM REASONABLY SATISFACTORY TO THE COMPANY THAT SUCH REGISTRATION IS NOT REQUIRED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED.”
3.7 Accredited and Sophisticated Purchaser. The Purchaser is an accredited investor as defined in Rule 501(a) of Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act. The Purchaser is an investor in securities of companies in the development stage and acknowledges that Purchaser is able to fend for itself, can bear the economic risk of its investment, and has such knowledge and experience in financial or business matters that it is capable of evaluating the merits and risks of the investment in the shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock. If other than an individual, Purchaser also represents it has not been organized for the purpose of acquiring the shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock.
3.8 No General Solicitation. Neither the Purchaser nor any of its officers, directors, employees, agents, stockholders or partners has either directly or indirectly, including through a broker or finder (a) engaged in any general solicitation with respect to the offer and sale of the shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock, or (b) published any advertisement in connection with the offer and sale of the shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock.
3.9 Exculpation Among Purchasers. The Purchaser acknowledges that it is not relying upon any person, other than the Company and its officers and directors, in making its investment or decision to invest in the Company. The Purchaser agrees that neither any Purchaser nor the respective controlling persons, officers, directors, partners, agents, or employees of any Purchaser shall be liable to any other Purchaser for any action heretofore taken or omitted to be taken by any of them in connection with the purchase of the shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock.
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3.10 Residence. If the Purchaser is an individual, then the Purchaser resides in the state identified in the address of the Purchaser set forth on the signature page hereto and/or on Schedule 1; if the Purchaser is a partnership, corporation, limited liability company or other entity, then the office or offices of the Purchaser in which its principal place of business is identified in the address or addresses of the Purchaser set forth on the signature page hereto and/or on Schedule 1. In the event that the Purchaser is not a resident of the United States, such Purchaser hereby agrees to make such additional representations and warranties relating to such Purchaser’s status as a non-United States resident as reasonably may be requested by the Company and to execute and deliver such documents or agreements as reasonably may be requested by the Company relating thereto as a condition to the purchase and sale of any shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock by such Purchaser.
4. COVENANTS OF THE COMPANY.
4.1 Information Rights.
4.1.1 Basic Financial Information. The Company shall furnish to each Purchaser holding that number of shares equal to or in excess of the quotient determined by dividing (x) the Major Purchaser Dollar Threshold by (y) the Purchase Price, rounded up to the next whole share (a “Major Purchaser”), and any entity that requires such information pursuant to its organizational documents when available (1) annual unaudited financial statements for each fiscal year of the Company, including an unaudited balance sheet as of the end of such fiscal year, an unaudited income statement, and an unaudited statement of cash flows, all prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and practices, and (2) quarterly unaudited financial statements for each fiscal quarter of the Company (except the last quarter of the Company’s fiscal year), including an unaudited balance sheet as of the end of such fiscal quarter, an unaudited income statement, and an unaudited statement of cash flows, all prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and practices, subject to changes resulting from normal year-end audit adjustments. If the Company has audited records of any of the foregoing, then it shall provide those in lieu of the unaudited versions. In addition to and without limiting the foregoing, and prior to the occurrence of any Series Seed Failure to Invest, the Company shall: (i) provide to one (1) authorized representative of LAI (initially Ed Dunn), at the frequency reasonably requested by such representative, all financial information reasonably necessary for such representative to analyze and manage the Company’s payables, financial commitments and cash flow; (ii) provide to the Series Seed Board Designees (as defined below) monthly financial updates concerning the Company; and (iii) notify LAI in writing (including by email) (each a “Financial Commitment Notice”), and seek LAI’s written consent (including by email) (e.g., from either Ed Dunn, Jim Lee, Justin Elkouri or another authorized representative of LAI), before the Company commits to pay any contractual or financial obligation with an aggregate value in excess of $50,000 (each a “Financial Commitment Consent”).
4.1.2 Confidentiality. Anything in this Agreement to the contrary notwithstanding, no Purchaser by reason of this Agreement shall have access to any trade secrets or confidential information of the Company. The Company shall not be required to comply with any information rights of any Purchaser whom the Company reasonably determines to be a competitor or an officer, employee, director, or holder of ten percent (10%) or more of a competitor. Each Purchaser shall keep confidential and shall not disclose, divulge, or use for any purpose (other than to monitor its investment in the Company) any confidential information obtained from the Company pursuant to the terms of this Agreement other than to any of the Purchaser’s attorneys, accountants, consultants, and other professionals, to the extent necessary to obtain their services in connection with monitoring the Purchaser’s investment in the Company.
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4.1.3 Inspection Rights. The Company shall permit each Major Purchaser to visit and inspect the Company’s properties, to examine its books of account and records and to discuss the Company’s affairs, finances and accounts with its officers, all at such reasonable times as may be requested by such Major Purchaser.
4.2 [Intentionally Omitted.]
4.3 Reservation of Common Stock. The Company shall at all times reserve and keep available, solely for issuance and delivery upon the conversion of the Series Seed Preferred Stock, all Common Stock issuable from time to time upon conversion of that number of shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock equal to the Total Shares Authorized for Sale, regardless of whether or not all such shares have been issued at such time.
5. RESTRICTIONS ON TRANSFER; DRAG ALONG.
5.1 Limitations on Disposition. Each person owning of record shares of Common Stock of the Company issued or issuable pursuant to the conversion of the shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock and any shares of Common Stock of the Company issued as a dividend or other distribution with respect thereto or in exchange therefor or in replacement thereof (collectively, the “Securities”) or any assignee of record of Securities (each such person, a “Holder”) shall not make any disposition of all or any portion of any Securities unless:
(a) there is then in effect a registration statement under the Securities Act, covering such proposed disposition and such disposition is made in accordance with such registration statement; or
(b) such Holder has notified the Company of the proposed disposition and has furnished the Company with a statement of the circumstances surrounding the proposed disposition, and, at the expense of such Holder or its transferee, with an opinion of counsel, reasonably satisfactory to the Company, that such disposition will not require registration of such securities under the Securities Act.
Notwithstanding the provisions of Sections 5.1(a) and (b), no such registration statement or opinion of counsel will be required: (i) for any transfer of any Securities in compliance with the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Rule 144 or Rule 144A, or (ii) for any transfer of any Securities by a Holder that is a partnership, limited liability company, a corporation, or a venture capital fund to (A) a partner of such partnership, a member of such limited liability company, or stockholder of such corporation, (B) an affiliate of such partnership, limited liability company or corporation (including, any affiliated investment fund of such Holder), (C) a retired partner of such partnership or a retired member of such limited liability company, (D) the estate of any such partner, member, or stockholder, or (iii) for the transfer without additional consideration or at no greater than cost by gift, will, or intestate succession by any Holder to the Holder’s spouse or lineal descendants or ancestors or any trust for any of the foregoing; provided that, in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii), the transferee agrees in writing to be subject to the terms of this Agreement to the same extent as if the transferee were an original Purchaser under this Agreement.
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5.2 “Market Stand-Off” Agreement. To the extent requested by the Company or an underwriter of securities of the Company, each Holder shall not sell or otherwise transfer or dispose of any Securities or other shares of stock of the Company then owned by such Holder (other than to donees or partners of the Holder who agree to be similarly bound) for up to 180 days following the effective date of any registration statement of the Company filed under the Securities Act; provided however that, if during the last 17 days of the restricted period the Company issues an earnings release or material news or a material event relating to the Company occurs, or before the expiration of the restricted period the Company announces that it will release earnings results during the 16-day period beginning on the last day of the restricted period, and if the Company’s securities are listed on the Nasdaq Stock Market and Rule 2711 thereof applies, then the restrictions imposed by this Section 5.2 will continue to apply until the expiration of the 18-day period beginning on the issuance of the earnings release or the occurrence of the material news or material event; provided, further, that such automatic extension will not apply to the extent that the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority has amended or repealed NASD Rule 2711(f)(4), or has otherwise provided written interpretive guidance regarding such rule, in each case, so as to eliminate the prohibition of any broker, dealer, or member of a national securities association from publishing or distributing any research report, with respect to the securities of an “emerging growth company” (as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012) before or after the expiration of any agreement between the broker, dealer, or member of a national securities association and the emerging growth company or its stockholders that restricts or prohibits the sale of securities held by the emerging growth company or its stockholders after the initial public offering date. In no event will the restricted period extend beyond 215 days after the effective date of the registration statement. For purposes of this Section 5.2, “Company” includes any wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company into which the Company merges or consolidates. The Company may place restrictive legends on the certificates representing the shares subject to this Section 5.2 and may impose stop transfer instructions with respect to the Securities and such other shares of stock of each Holder (and the shares or securities of every other person subject to the foregoing restriction) until the end of such period. Each Holder shall enter into any agreement reasonably required by the underwriters to implement the foregoing within any reasonable timeframe so requested.
5.3 Drag Along Right. If a Deemed Liquidation Event (as defined in the Restated Charter) is approved by each of (i) the holders of a majority of the shares of Common Stock then-outstanding (other than those issued or issuable upon conversion of the shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock), (ii) to the extent that no prior Series Seed Failure to Invest has occurred, the holders of a majority of the shares of Common Stock then issued or issuable upon conversion of the shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock then-outstanding and (iii) the Board, then each Stockholder shall vote (in person, by proxy or by action by written consent, as applicable) all shares of capital stock of the Company now or hereafter directly or indirectly owned of record or beneficially by such Stockholder (collectively, the “Shares”) in favor of, and adopt, such Deemed Liquidation Event and to execute and deliver all related documentation and take such other action in support of the Deemed Liquidation Event as may reasonably be requested by the Company to carry out the terms and provision of this Section 5.3, including executing and delivering instruments of conveyance and transfer, and any purchase agreement, merger agreement, indemnity agreement, escrow agreement, consent, waiver, governmental filing, share certificates duly endorsed for transfer (free and clear of impermissible liens, claims and encumbrances) and any similar or related documents. The obligation of any party to take the actions required by this Section 5.3 will not apply to a Deemed Liquidation Event if the other party involved in such Deemed Liquidation Event is an affiliate or stockholder of the Company holding more than 10% of the voting power of the Company. “Stockholder” means each Holder and Key Holder, and any transferee thereof.
5.4 Exceptions to Drag Along Right. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a Stockholder need not comply with Section 5.3 above in connection with any proposed Sale of the Company (the “Proposed Sale”) unless:
(a) any representations and warranties to be made by the Stockholder in connection with the Proposed Sale are limited to representations and warranties related to authority, ownership and the ability to convey title to such Shares, including representations and warranties that (i) the Stockholder holds all right, title and interest in and to the Shares the Stockholder purports to hold, free and clear of all liens and encumbrances, (ii) the obligations of the Stockholder in connection with the transaction have been duly authorized, if applicable, (iii) the documents to be entered into by the Stockholder have been duly executed by the Stockholder and delivered to the acquirer and are enforceable against the Stockholder in accordance with their respective terms and, (iv) neither the execution and delivery of documents to be entered into in connection with the transaction, nor the performance of the Stockholder’s obligations thereunder, will cause a breach or violation of the terms of any agreement, law, or judgment, order, or decree of any court or governmental agency;
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(b) the Stockholder will not be liable for the inaccuracy of any representation or warranty made by any other Person in connection with the Proposed Sale, other than the Company (except to the extent that funds may be paid out of an escrow established to cover breach of representations, warranties, and covenants of the Company as well as breach by any stockholder of any identical representations, warranties and covenants provided by all stockholders);
(c) the liability for indemnification, if any, of the Stockholder in the Proposed Sale and for the inaccuracy of any representations and warranties made by the Company or its Stockholders in connection with such Proposed Sale, is several and not joint with any other Person (except to the extent that funds may be paid out of an escrow established to cover breach of representations, warranties and covenants of the Company as well as breach by any stockholder of any identical representations, warranties, and covenants provided by all stockholders), and except as required to satisfy the liquidation preference of the Series Seed Preferred Stock, if any, is pro rata in proportion to, and does not exceed, the amount of consideration paid to such Stockholder in connection with such Proposed Sale;
(d) liability will be limited to the Stockholder's applicable share (determined based on the respective proceeds payable to each Stockholder in connection with the Proposed Sale in accordance with the provisions of the Restated Charter) of a negotiated aggregate indemnification amount that applies equally to all Stockholders but that in no event exceeds the amount of consideration otherwise payable to the Stockholder in connection with the Proposed Sale, except with respect to claims related to fraud by the Stockholder, the liability for which need not be limited as to the Stockholder; and
(e) upon the consummation of the Proposed Sale, (i) each holder of each class or series of the Company’s stock will receive the same form of consideration for their shares of such class or series as is received by other holders in respect of their shares of such same class or series of stock unless the holders of at least a majority of Series Seed Preferred Stock elect otherwise, (ii) each holder of a series of Series Seed Preferred Stock will receive the same amount of consideration per share of such series of Series Seed Preferred Stock as is received by other holders in respect of their shares of such same series, (iii) each holder of Common Stock will receive the same amount of consideration per share of Common Stock as is received by other holders in respect of their shares of Common Stock, and (iv) unless the holders of at least a majority of the Series Seed Preferred Stock elect to receive a lesser amount, the aggregate consideration receivable by all holders of the Preferred Stock and Common Stock shall be allocated among the holders of Preferred Stock and Common Stock on the basis of the relative liquidation preferences to which the holders of each respective series of Preferred Stock and the holders of Common Stock are entitled in a Deemed Liquidation Event (assuming for this purpose that the Proposed Sale is a Deemed Liquidation Event) in accordance with the Company’s Restated Charter in effect immediately prior to the Proposed Sale.
6. PARTICIPATION RIGHT.
6.1 General. Each Major Purchaser has the right of first refusal to purchase the Major Purchaser’s Pro Rata Share of any New Securities (as defined below) that the Company may from time to time issue after the date of this Agreement, provided, however, the Major Purchaser will have no right to purchase any such New Securities if the Major Purchaser cannot demonstrate to the Company’s reasonable satisfaction that such Major Purchaser is at the time of the proposed issuance of such New Securities an “accredited investor” as such term is defined in Regulation D under the Securities Act. A Major Purchaser’s
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“Pro Rata Share” for means the ratio of (a) the number of shares of the Company’s Common Stock issued or issuable upon conversion of the shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock owned by such Major Purchaser, to (b) the Fully-Diluted Share Number.
6.2 New Securities. “New Securities” means any Common Stock or Preferred Stock, whether now authorized or not, and rights, options or warrants to purchase Common Stock or Preferred Stock, and securities of any type whatsoever that are, or may become, convertible or exchangeable into Common Stock or Preferred Stock; provided, however, that “New Securities” does not include: (a) shares of Common Stock issued or issuable upon conversion of any outstanding shares of Preferred Stock; (b) shares of Common Stock or Preferred Stock issuable upon exercise of any options, warrants, or rights to purchase any securities of the Company outstanding as of the Agreement Date and any securities issuable upon the conversion thereof; (c) shares of Common Stock or Preferred Stock issued in connection with any stock split or stock dividend or recapitalization; (d) shares of Common Stock (or options, warrants or rights therefor) granted or issued after the Agreement Date to employees, officers, directors, contractors, consultants or advisers to, the Company or any subsidiary of the Company pursuant to incentive agreements, stock purchase or stock option plans, stock bonuses or awards, warrants, contracts or other arrangements that are approved by the Board; (e) shares of the Company’s Series Seed Preferred Stock issued pursuant to this Agreement; (f) any other shares of Common Stock or Preferred Stock (and/or options or warrants therefor) issued or issuable primarily for other than equity financing purposes and approved by the Board; and (g) shares of Common Stock issued or issuable by the Company to the public pursuant to a registration statement filed under the Securities Act.
6.3 Procedures. If the Company proposes to undertake an issuance of New Securities, it shall give notice to each Major Purchaser of its intention to issue New Securities (the “Notice”), describing the type of New Securities and the price and the general terms upon which the Company proposes to issue the New Securities. Each Major Purchaser will have (10) days from the date of notice, to agree in writing to purchase such Major Purchaser’s Pro Rata Share of such New Securities for the price and upon the general terms specified in the Notice by giving written notice to the Company and stating therein the quantity of New Securities to be purchased (not to exceed such Major Purchaser’s Pro Rata Share).
6.4 Failure to Exercise. If the Major Purchasers fail to exercise in full the right of first refusal within the 10-day period, then the Company will have one hundred twenty (120) days thereafter to sell the New Securities with respect to which the Major Purchasers’ rights of first refusal hereunder were not exercised, at a price and upon general terms not materially more favorable to the purchasers thereof than specified in the Company’s Notice to the Major Purchasers. If the Company has not issued and sold the New Securities within the 120-day period, then the Company shall not thereafter issue or sell any New Securities without again first offering those New Securities to the Major Purchasers pursuant to this Section 6.
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7. ELECTION OF BOARD OF DIRECTORS.
7.1 Voting; Board Composition. Subject to the rights of the stockholders to remove a director for cause in accordance with applicable law, during the term of this Agreement, each Stockholder shall vote (or consent pursuant to an action by written consent of the stockholders) all shares of capital stock of the Company now or hereafter directly or indirectly owned of record or beneficially by the Stockholder (the “Voting Shares”), or to cause the Voting Shares to be voted, in such manner as may be necessary to elect (and maintain in office) as the members of the Board:
(a) that number of individuals, if any, equal to the Common Board Member Count (collectively, the “Common Board Designees”) designated from time to time in a writing delivered to the Company and signed by Common Control Holders who then hold shares of issued and outstanding Common Stock of the Company representing a majority of the voting power of all issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock then held by all Common Control Holders;
(b) that number of individuals, if any, equal to the Series Seed Board Member Count (collectively, the “Series Seed Board Designees”) designated from time to time in a writing delivered to the Company and signed by Purchasers who then hold a majority of the then-outstanding shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock issued pursuant to this Agreement;
(c) that number of individuals, if any, equal to the Mutual Consent Board Member Count (collectively, the “Mutual Consent Board Designees” and, together with any Common Board Designee and any Seed Board Designee, each a “Board Designee”) designated from time to time in a writing delivered to the Company and signed by (a) Purchasers who then hold a majority of the then-outstanding shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock issued pursuant to this Agreement and (b) Common Control Holders who then hold shares of issued and outstanding Common Stock of the Company representing a majority of the voting power of all issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock of the Company then held by all Common Control Holders.
Subject to the rights of the stockholders of the Company to remove a director for cause in accordance with applicable law, during the term of this Agreement, a Stockholder shall not take any action to remove an incumbent Board Designee or to designate a new Board Designee unless such removal or designation of a Board Designee is approved in a writing signed by the parties entitled to designate the Board Designee. Each Stockholder hereby appoints, and shall appoint, the then-current Chief Executive Officer of the Company, as the Stockholder’s true and lawful proxy and attorney, with the power to act alone and with full power of substitution, to vote all shares of the Company’s capital stock held by the Stockholder as set forth in this Agreement and to execute all appropriate instruments consistent with this Agreement on behalf of the Stockholder if, and only if, the Stockholder (a) fails to vote or (b) attempts to vote (whether by proxy, in person or by written consent), in a manner which is inconsistent with the terms of this Agreement, all of the Stockholder’s Voting Shares or execute such other instruments in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement within five days of the Company’s or any other party’s written request for the Stockholder’s written consent or signature. The proxy and power granted by each Stockholder pursuant to this Section are coupled with an interest and are given to secure the performance of the Stockholder’s duties under this Agreement. Each such proxy and power will be irrevocable for the term of this Agreement. The proxy and power, so long as any Stockholder is an individual, will survive the death, incompetency and disability of such Stockholder and, so long as any Stockholder is an entity, will survive the merger or reorganization of the Stockholder or any other entity holding Voting Shares.
8. GENERAL PROVISIONS.
8.1 Successors and Assigns. The terms and conditions of this Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the respective successors and assigns of the parties. Nothing in this Agreement, express or implied, is intended to confer upon any party other than the parties to this Agreement or their respective successors and assigns any rights, remedies, obligations, or liabilities under or by reason of this Agreement, except as expressly provided in this Agreement. No Stockholder may transfer Shares unless each transferee agrees to be bound by the terms of this Agreement.
8.2 Governing Law. This Agreement is governed by the Governing Law, regardless of the laws that might otherwise govern under applicable principles of choice of law.
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8.3 Counterparts; Facsimile or Electronic Signature. This Agreement may be executed and delivered by facsimile or electronic signature and in two or more counterparts, each of which will be deemed an original, but all of which together will constitute one and the same instrument.
8.4 Titles and Subtitles. The titles and subtitles used in this Agreement are used for convenience only and are not to be considered in construing or interpreting this Agreement. References to sections or subsections within this set of Agreement Terms shall be deemed to be references to the sections of this set of Agreement Terms contained in Exhibit B to the Agreement, unless otherwise specifically stated herein.
8.5 Notices. All notices and other communications given or made pursuant to this Agreement must be in writing and will be deemed to have been given upon the earlier of actual receipt or: (a) personal delivery to the party to be notified, (b) when sent, if sent by facsimile or electronic mail during normal business hours of the recipient, and if not sent during normal business hours, then on the recipient’s next business day, (c) five (5) days after having been sent by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, or (d) one (1) business day after deposit with a nationally recognized overnight courier, freight prepaid, specifying next business day delivery, with written verification of receipt. All communications must be sent to the respective parties at their address as set forth on the signature page or Schedule 1, or to such address, facsimile number or electronic mail address as subsequently modified by written notice given in accordance with this Section 8.5.
8.6 No Finder’s Fees. Each party severally represents to the other parties that it neither is nor will be obligated for any finder’s fee or commission in connection with this transaction. Each Purchaser shall indemnify, defend, and hold harmless the Company from any liability for any commission or compensation in the nature of a finder’s or broker’s fee arising out of this transaction (and the costs and expenses of defending against such liability or asserted liability) for which the Purchaser or any of its officers, employees, or representatives is responsible. The Company shall indemnify, defend, and hold harmless each Purchaser from any liability for any commission or compensation in the nature of a finder’s or broker’s fee arising out of this transaction (and the costs and expenses of defending against such liability or asserted liability) for which the Company or any of its officers, employees or representatives is responsible.
8.7 Attorneys’ Fees. If any action at law or in equity (including arbitration) is necessary to enforce or interpret the terms of this Agreement, the prevailing party will be entitled to reasonable attorneys’ fees, costs, and necessary disbursements in addition to any other relief to which the party may be entitled. Each party shall pay all costs and expenses that it incurs with respect to the negotiation, execution, delivery, and performance of the Agreement.
8.8 Amendments and Waivers. Except as specified in Section 1.2.2, any term of this Agreement may be amended, terminated or waived (either generally or in a particular instance and either retroactively or prospectively) only with the written consent of the Company and the Purchasers holding a majority of the then-outstanding shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock (or Common Stock issued on conversion thereof); provided, however, that any amendment to Section 7.1(a) or Section 7.1(c) will also require the additional written consent of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of the Company’s Common Stock then held by all of the Common Control Holders. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the addition of a party to this Agreement pursuant to a transfer of Shares in accordance with Section 8.1 will not require any further consent. Any amendment or waiver effected in accordance with this Section 8.8 will be binding upon the Purchasers, the Key Holders, each transferee of the shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock (or the Common Stock issuable upon conversion thereof) or Common Stock from a Purchaser or Key Holders, as applicable, and each future holder of all such securities, and the Company.
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8.9 Severability. The invalidity or unenforceability of any provision of this Agreement will in no way affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision.
8.10 Delays or Omissions. No delay or omission to exercise any right, power or remedy accruing to any party under this Agreement, upon any breach or default of any other party under this Agreement, will impair any such right, power or remedy of such non-breaching or non-defaulting party nor will it be construed to be a waiver of any such breach or default, or an acquiescence therein, or of or in any similar breach or default thereafter occurring; nor will any waiver of any single breach or default be deemed a waiver of any other breach or default theretofore or thereafter occurring. Any waiver, permit, consent or approval of any kind or character on the part of any party of any breach or default under this Agreement, or any waiver on the part of any party of any provisions or conditions of this Agreement, must be in writing and shall be effective only to the extent specifically set forth in such writing. All remedies, either under this Agreement or by law or otherwise afforded to any party, are cumulative and not alternative.
8.11 Termination. Unless terminated earlier pursuant to the terms of this Agreement, (x) the rights, duties and obligations under Sections 4, 6 and 7 will terminate immediately prior to the closing of the Company’s initial public offering of Common Stock pursuant to an effective registration statement filed under the Securities Act, (y) notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, this Agreement (excluding any then-existing obligations) will terminate upon the closing of a Deemed Liquidation Event as defined in the Company’s Restated Charter, as amended from time to time and (z) notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, Section 1, Section 2, Section 3, Section 4.1.2 and this Section 8 will survive any termination of this Agreement.
8.12 Dispute Resolution. Each party: (a) hereby irrevocably and unconditionally submits to the personal jurisdiction of the Dispute Resolution Jurisdiction for the purpose of any suit, action, or other proceeding arising out of or based upon this Agreement; (b) shall not commence any suit, action or other proceeding arising out of or based upon this Agreement except in the Dispute Resolution Jurisdiction; and (c) hereby waives, and shall not assert, by way of motion, as a defense, or otherwise, in any such suit, action or proceeding, any claim that it is not subject to the personal jurisdiction of the Dispute Resolution Jurisdiction, that its property is exempt or immune from attachment or execution, that the suit, action or proceeding is brought in an inconvenient forum, that the venue of the suit, action or proceeding is improper or that this Agreement, or the subject matter hereof and thereof may not be enforced in or by the Dispute Resolution Jurisdiction.
[REMAINDER OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed and delivered this Agreement as of the Agreement Date.
THE COMPANY:
Lectrefy Inc.
Name: | ||
By: | John M. Cook II | |
Title: | Chief Financial Officer |
[SIGNATURE PAGES TO SERIES SEED PREFERRED STOCK INVESTMENT AGREEMENT]
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed and delivered this Agreement as of the Agreement Date.
KEY HOLDERS:
Name: | Dr. Paul Antonio Pereira |
Name: |
John M. Cook II |
|
By: | By: | |||
Name: | Charles Pereira | |||
By: |
[SIGNATURE PAGES TO SERIES SEED PREFERRED STOCK INVESTMENT AGREEMENT]
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Agreement as of the Agreement Date.
PURCHASERS:
Lee Aerospace, Inc.:
Name: | James Lee | |
Title: | Chief Executive Officer |
[SIGNATURE PAGES TO SERIES SEED PREFERRED STOCK INVESTMENT AGREEMENT]
EXHIBIT C
FORM OF RESTATED CHARTER
Exhibit 10.4
AMENDMENT NO. 1
TO
SERIES SEED PREFERRED STOCK INVESTMENT AGREEMENT
AMENDMENT NO. 1 TO SERIES SEED PREFERRED STOCK INVESTMENT AGREEMENT, effective as of October 31, 2019 (this “Amendment”), by and between Lectrefy, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and Lee Aerospace, Inc., a Kansas corporation (“Lee Aerospace”). The Company and Lee Aerospace may be referred to herein each as a “Party” and collectively as the “Parties.”
W I T N E S S E T H:
WHEREAS, the Company and Lee Aerospace are parties to that certain Series Seed Preferred Stock Investment Agreement, dated as of August 1, 2018 (the “Agreement”);
WHEREAS, unless otherwise defined herein, each capitalized term used herein shall have the respective meaning ascribed to it in the Agreement;
WHEREAS, Lee Aerospace has provided, and may continue providing, bridge financing to the Company in addition to its investment of the Total Series Seed Investment Amount under the Agreement (the “Bridge Financing”);
WHEREAS, in consideration of the Bridge Financing, the Company and Lee Aerospace desire to amend the Agreement on the terms and conditions set forth in this Amendment.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and the respective covenants and agreements set forth herein, and intending to be legally bound hereby, subject to the conditions and other terms herein set forth, the Parties hereby agree as follows:
1. Repayment Election. The Parties acknowledge, agree and understand that, if and when approved by the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”), in its sole and absolute discretion and in accordance with applicable law, the Company may elect, from time to time, to make periodic payments to Lee Aerospace, which payments shall not exceed in the aggregate the Total Series Seed Investment Amount (collectively, the “Repayment”). When reviewing whether the Company should make any payment to Lee Aerospace in connection with the Repayment, the Board, in exercising its fiduciary duties in accordance with applicable law, shall consider, among other things, the then current and future financial condition and commercial, operational and financing prospects of the Company as they relate to the best interests of the Company and its stockholders.
0. Termination or Modification of the Repayment. The Parties further acknowledge, agree and understand that, upon the Board’s determination that the Repayment adversely affects the Company’s ability to raise additional capital for growth and operations, the structure of the Repayment may be modified or terminated, in the Board’s sole and absolute discretion and in accordance with applicable law.
2. No Implied Amendments. Except as specifically amended by this Amendment, the Agreement shall remain in full force and effect in accordance with its terms and is hereby ratified and confirmed. All references to “the date hereof” in the Agreement shall continue to refer to the date of the Agreement before any amendment, consent or waiver.
4. Effectiveness of Amendment. This Amendment shall be deemed to be a modification to the Agreement in accordance with Section 8.8 of the Agreement.
5. Benefit of this Amendment. This Amendment shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the Parties and their respective successors and permitted assigns.
6. Headings. The headings used in this Amendment are for reference purposes only and shall not affect in any way the meaning or interpretation of this Amendment.
7. Governing Law. All questions concerning the construction, validity, and interpretation of this Amendment shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the domestic laws of the State of Delaware, without giving effect to any choice of law or conflicts of law principles (whether of the State of Delaware or any other jurisdiction) that would cause the application of the laws of any jurisdiction other than the State of Delaware.
8. Counterparts. This Amendment may be executed simultaneously in multiple counterparts, and in separate counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same instrument.
9. References to Agreement. On and after the date hereof, each reference in the Agreement to “this Agreement,” “hereunder,” “hereof” or words of like import referring to the Agreement shall mean the Agreement as amended by this Amendment.
[Signature page follows.]
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have executed and delivered this Amendment as of the date first above written.
COMPANY: | |
LECTREFY, INC. | |
By: | |
Name: John M. Cook II | |
Title: Chief Financial Officer |
LEE AEROSPACE: | |
LEE AEROSPACE, INC. | |
By: |
|
Name: James Lee | |
Title: Chief Executive Officer |
[Signature Page to Amendment No. 1 to Series Seed Preferred Stock Investment Agreement]
Exhibit 10.8
PROMISSORY NOTE
$1,902,909 | Miami, Florida |
January 15, 2019
FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the undersigned borrower (the “Borrower”) promises to pay to Lee Aerospace, Inc., a Kansas corporation (the “Lender”), at its principal office the aggregate principal sum of up to One Million Nine Hundred Two Thousand Nine Hundred Nine Dollars ($1,902,909) (the “Maximum Principal Amount”), as updated and set forth on the attached Schedule 1, together with interest on the outstanding principal of each Installment Amount (as defined below) at the rate of Five Percent (5.0%) per annum (computed on the basis of actual calendar days elapsed and a year of three hundred sixty-five (365) days), or, if less, at the highest rate of interest then permitted under applicable law. Interest shall commence respectively on the date when each Installment Amount is received by the Borrower and shall continue to accrue on the corresponding outstanding principal until paid in accordance with the provisions hereof. If any interest is determined to be in excess of the then legal maximum rate, then that portion of each interest payment representing an amount in excess of the then legal maximum rate shall be deemed a payment of the applicable principal of the corresponding Installment Amount and applied against the principal of the obligations evidenced by this Promissory Note (this “Note”).
1. Maturity. Unless sooner paid in accordance with the terms hereof, the entire unpaid principal amount as then set forth on Schedule 1 and all unpaid accrued interest of this Note shall become fully due and payable on the earlier of (i) December 31, 2020, or (ii) the acceleration of the maturity of this Note pursuant to Section 3.
2. Installment Amounts. The Lender shall fund to the Borrower the amounts reasonably requested by the Borrower from time to time for its operating and/or capital expense purposes (each an “Installment Amount” and, collectively, the “Installment Amounts”) and the Borrower shall update Schedule 1 accordingly; provided, however, that the aggregate sum of the Installment Amounts set forth on Schedule 1 shall not exceed the Maximum Principal Amount; and provided, further, that the Lender shall not be obligated to fund any additional Installment Amounts to the Borrower in the event that a Cause Event (as defined below) has not been reasonably cured by the Borrower within thirty (30) days after receiving written notice from the Lender in good faith, which notice describes the occurrence of such Cause Event in reasonable and accurate detail. For purposes of this Note, a “Cause Event” shall mean, with respect to an officer, employee or contractor of the Borrower: (i) the conviction of (or pleading nolo contendere to), the commission by such officer, employee or contractor of, or the indictment or formal admission of such officer, employee or contractor to, a felony, a crime of moral turpitude, dishonesty or unethical business conduct, or any similar crime involving the Borrower, in each case which has a material and adverse effect on the Borrower and its operations and financial condition; or (ii) any engaging in conduct to the material detriment of the Borrower and its stockholders, including (but not limited to) willful misconduct, willful or gross negligence, fraud, misappropriation, embezzlement, and/or any misuse of the Borrower’s funds, in each case which has a material and adverse effect on the Borrower and its operations and financial condition.
3. Events of Acceleration. The entire unpaid principal amount of this Note and all then accrued and unpaid interest of this Note shall become fully due and payable upon the earliest of:
(i) the closing of aggregate proceeds of at least Five Million Dollars ($5,000,000) in new equity financing by the Borrower;
(ii) immediately prior to the first filing by the Borrower of a registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended;
(iii) the filing of a petition by or against the Borrower under any provision of the Bankruptcy Reform Act (Title 11 of the United States Code), as amended or recodified from time to time, or under any other law relating to bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or other relief for debtors;
(iv) the appointment of a receiver, trustee, custodian or liquidator of or for any part of these assets or property of the Borrower;
(v) immediately prior to the closing of an acquisition of the Borrower, whether by merger or the purchase of all of its outstanding stock or all (or substantially all) of its assets, by an unrelated third party;
(vi) the execution by the Borrower of a general assignment for the benefit of creditors; or
(vii) the occurrence of an event of default under the Security Agreement (as defined below).
4. Form of Payment; Prepayment. All payments of principal and interest on this Note shall be made without offset or deduction in lawful tender of the United States to the Lender. All payments on this Note shall be applied first to the payment of accrued and unpaid interest, and thereafter to the payment of principal. Prepayment of the principal balance of this Note, together with all accrued and unpaid interest, may be made in whole or in part at any time without penalty.
5. Security. The Borrower’s obligations under this Note shall be secured by: (i) a security interest in the Borrower’s intellectual property pursuant to the Security Agreement, dated as of January 15, 2020 (attached hereto as Exhibit A, the “Security Agreement”), between the Borrower and the Lender, all terms of which are incorporated herein by this reference; and (ii) a first-priority security interest in One Million Sixty-Eight Thousand Seven Hundred Fifty (1,068,750) shares of the Borrower’s Common Stock held and owned of record, respectively, by each of Paul Antonio Pereira and John M. Cook II (collectively, the “Shares”). The Shares shall be pledged pursuant to the Stock Pledge Agreements of even date herewith (in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B, collectively, the “Stock Pledge Agreements”), by and between, respectively, (i) the Lender and Paul Antonio Pereira, and (ii) the Lender and John M. Cook II, all terms of which are incorporated herein by this reference.
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6. Default. For purposes of this Note, the failure of the Borrower to pay when due the principal balance and accrued interest under this Note shall constitute an “Event of Default.” If an Event of Default occurs, all indebtedness under this Note shall become immediately due and payable without any action on the part of the Lender, and the Borrower shall immediately pay to the Lender all such amounts.
7. Collection and Attorneys’ Fees. If any action is instituted to collect any indebtedness under this Note, then the Borrower promises to pay all reasonable costs and expenses, including reasonable attorneys’ fees, incurred by the Lender in connection with such action.
8. Assignment. The terms and conditions of this Note shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the respective successors and assigns of the parties. Notwithstanding the foregoing, neither the Lender nor the Borrower may assign, pledge or otherwise transfer this Note without the prior written consent of the other party.
9. Governing Law. This Note and all acts and transactions pursuant hereto and the rights and obligations of the parties hereto shall be governed, construed and interpreted in accordance with the laws of Delaware, without giving effect to principles of conflicts of law thereof.
10. Conflicting Agreements. In the event of any inconsistencies between the terms of this Note and the terms of any other document related to the loan evidenced by this Note, the terms of this Note shall prevail.
11. Amendment. Any term of this Note may be amended and the observance of any term of this Note may be waived only with the written consent of the Lender and the Borrower; provided, however, that the Borrower may update Schedule 1 attached hereto without such written consent in order to reflect additional Installment Amounts received by the Borrower from time to time.
[Signature page follows.]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Borrower has caused this Note to be duly executed and delivered as of the date first above written.
BORROWER | |||
LECTREFY INC. | |||
|
By: | ||
Name: | Paul Antonio Pereira | ||
Title: | Chief Executive Officer | ||
Acknowledged and Agreed: |
|||
LENDER |
|||
LEE AEROSPACE, INC. |
|||
By: |
|
||
Name: James Lee |
|||
Title: Chief Executive Officer
|
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SCHEDULE 1
In accordance with Section 2 of this Note, the Lender has loaned to the Borrower the following Installment Amounts on the respective dates received by the Borrower, as set forth below:
Date Received by the Borrower | Installment Amounts | |||
December 13, 2019 | $ | 80,000.00 | ||
December 18, 2019 | $ | 82,000.00 | ||
January 15, 2020 | $ | 200,000.00 | ||
January 25, 2020 | $ | 212,050.00 | ||
January 29, 2020 | $ | 50,000.00 | ||
February 10, 2020 | $ | 213,000.00 | ||
February 24, 2020 | $ | 100,000.00 | ||
March 3, 2020 | $ | 25,000.00 | ||
March 10, 2020 | $ | 125,000.00 | ||
March 24, 2020 | $ | 100,000.00 | ||
March 27, 2020 | $ | 20,000.00 | ||
April 1, 2020 | $ | 70,000.00 | ||
April 14, 2020 | $ | 32,500.00 | ||
April 21, 2020 | $ | 32,500.00 | ||
April 28, 2020 | $ | 37,500.00 | ||
May 14, 2020 | $ | 90,000.00 | ||
May 28, 2020 | $ | 95,000.00 | ||
Total | $ | 1,564,550.00 |
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EXHIBIT A
SECURITY AGREEMENT
[See attached.]
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EXHIBIT B
STOCK PLEDGE AGREEMENTS
[See attached.]
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Exhibit 10.9
LECTREFY INC.
SECURITY AGREEMENT
This Security Agreement (this “Security Agreement”) is made as of January 15, 2020 (the “Effective Date”), by and between Lectrefy Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and Lee Aerospace, Inc., a Kansas corporation (“Investor”). Capitalized but otherwise undefined terms used herein shall have the respective meanings provided therefor in the Note (as defined below).
In consideration of the mutual promises contained herein, and as an inducement to Investor to lend to the Company the additional aggregate principal sum of up to One Million Nine Hundred Two Thousand Nine Hundred Nine Dollars ($1,902,909) as set forth in the Promissory Note dated the Effective Date and issued by the Company to Investor (the “Note”), the parties hereto hereby agree as follows:
1. Creation of a Security Interest. As security for payment of the Note to Investor when due, the Company hereby grants to Investor a security interest in the collateral described in paragraph 2 below (the “Collateral”). To perfect the security interest created hereby, the Company shall execute and deliver to Investor any and all documents reasonably requested for such perfection by Investor.
2. Collateral. The Collateral that is subject to the security interest created hereby consists of all of the intellectual property owned and/or developed by the Company, including, without limitation, any trademarks, service marks, trade names, copyrights, trade secrets, software, patents and patent rights of the Company. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, Investor hereby agrees to execute and deliver any subordination agreement provided by a bank, financial institution, leasing agent or similar entity (any of which, a “Commercial Lender”) on customary terms for subordination; and if Investor elects not to enter into such subordination agreement, then Investor hereby agrees that Investor will have no security interest in any of the Collateral whatsoever (and acknowledges and agrees that any security interest held by Investor in any of the Collateral will be and is, effective upon the Company entering into the commercial loan agreements with a Commercial Lender, relinquished and terminated in its entirety and will be of no further force or effect), in order to facilitate such Commercial Lender taking a senior security interest in any or all of the Collateral. In addition, upon the Company’s reasonable request in connection with an equity or other financing and subject to the closing of such financing, Investor shall terminate its security interest in the Collateral hereunder in order to facilitate the closing of such financing.
3. The Company’s Obligation. The Company shall pay to Investor all amounts due and owing to Investor under the Note in accordance with the terms of the Note, when and as the same become due.
4. Protection of the Collateral. Until such time as the aggregate outstanding indebtedness under the Note has been paid in full or unless Investor consents otherwise in writing, the Company shall:
(a) not grant to any other person or entity a security interest in or to the Collateral except to a Commercial Lender in connection with a commercial loan agreement or transaction;
(b) promptly pay when due all fees, taxes and assessments due upon the Collateral and for its use and operation; and
(c) execute and deliver from time to time any endorsements, assignments, financing statements and other documents (and pay promptly all related filing fees or similar costs and expenses) to perfect, maintain and protect the security interests created hereunder and the priority thereof.
5. Default. The following events shall be considered “Events of Default” with respect to the Note:
(a) any indebtedness under the Note is not paid when and as the same shall become due and payable, whether on the applicable maturity date, by acceleration or otherwise, and any such amount shall remain unpaid for a period of more than thirty (30) days after the corresponding due date thereof;
(b) a default shall occur in the observance or performance of any covenant, obligation or agreement of the Company under the Note, and, to the extent the event or circumstances giving rise to such default is amenable to being cured such that the default would no longer exist, such default shall continue uncured for a period of more than thirty (30) days after the Company knew or should have known, exercising reasonable diligence, of the event or circumstances giving rise to such default; or
(c) the Company shall (i) apply for or consent to the appointment of a receiver, trustee, custodian or liquidator of itself or any part of its property, (ii) become subject to the appointment of a receiver, trustee, custodian or liquidator for itself or any part of its property if such appointment is not terminated or dismissed within sixty (60) days, (iii) make an assignment for the benefit of creditors, (iv) be adjudicated as bankrupt or insolvent, (v) institute any proceedings under the United States Bankruptcy Code or any other federal or state bankruptcy, reorganization, receivership, insolvency or other similar law affecting the rights of creditors generally, or file a petition or answer seeking a reorganization or an arrangement with creditors to take advantage of any insolvency law, or file an answer admitting the material allegations of a bankruptcy, reorganization or insolvency petition filed against it, or (vi) become subject to any proceedings under the United States Bankruptcy Code or any other federal or state bankruptcy, reorganization, receivership, insolvency or other similar law affecting the rights of creditors generally, which proceeding is not dismissed within sixty (60) days of filing, or have an order for relief entered against it in any proceeding under the United States Bankruptcy Code.
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6. Rights of Investor.
(a) Upon the occurrence of any Event of Default, Investor shall be entitled to declare the debt secured hereby immediately due and payable. In addition to the right of acceleration and all other rights of Investor, Investor shall be entitled to any and all remedies available under the Uniform Commercial Code in force in the State of Florida as of the date hereof, and Investor shall be entitled to act with all of the rights and powers of Investor. Without limitation of any of the foregoing, upon an Event of Default, Investor may, at any time and from time to time, with or without judicial process and the aid or assistance of others: enter upon the premises of the Company and, without resistance or interference by the Company, take possession of the Collateral or dispose of any part or all of the Collateral on any such premises; or require the Company to assemble and make available to Investor at the expense of the Company any part or all of the Collateral at any place or time designated by Investor, which is reasonably convenient to the Company and Investor.
(b) Investor shall give to the Company notice of the time and place of any public sale of the Collateral or of the time on or after which any private sale or other intended disposition is to be consummated, which notice shall be mailed, by first class mail, postage prepaid, to the Company at least thirty (30) days prior to the time of such sale or other intended disposition.
(c) Investor, at any sale of the Collateral, shall hold the property sold absolutely free from any claim or right on the part of the Company, and the Company hereby waives, to the extent permitted by law, all rights of redemption, stay and/or appraisal which it now has or may at any time in the future have under any rule of law or statute now existing or hereafter enacted and, to the extent permitted by law, any right which it may have to demand a hearing or other judicial or administrative proceeding prior to the enforcement by Investor, of any of its rights and remedies hereunder. Any public or private sale of the Collateral or any part of it shall be held at such time or times within ordinary business hours and at such place or places as Investor may fix in the notice of sale, and at any such sale the Collateral, or the portion thereof to be sold, may be sold in one lot, as an entirety or in separate parcels, as Investor (in its sole and absolute discretion) may determine. If permitted by law, Investor may bid (which bid may be, in whole or in part, in the form of cancellation of indebtedness) for the purchase of the Collateral.
(d) Investor shall not be obligated to make any sale of the Collateral, or any part of it, if it determines not to do so, regardless of the fact that notice of sale of the Collateral may have been given. Investor may, without notice or publication, adjourn a public or private sale of the Collateral, or cause the same to be adjourned from time to time by announcement, at the time and place fixed for sale, and such sale may, without further notice be made at the time and place to which the same was so adjourned.
7. Application of the Proceeds. All proceeds of any sale of the Collateral by Investor pursuant to paragraph 6 shall be applied as follows:
(a) First, to the payment of all fees and expenses incurred by Investor in connection with any such sale, including, but not limited to, the expenses of taking, advertising, processing, preparing and storing the Collateral to be sold, all court costs and reasonable fees of counsel for Investor in connection therewith;
(b) Second, to the payment of accrued interest, if any, on the Note held by Investor, to the date of receipt of such proceeds;
(c) Third, to the payment of the outstanding principal balance of the Note;
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(d) Fourth, to the Company.
8. Further Assurances. At the request of Investor, the Company will promptly make, execute, deliver, record, register or file all such financing statements, continuation statements and amendments thereto, and other instruments, acts, pledges, assignments and transfers (or cause the same to be done) and will deliver to Investor such instruments constituting or evidencing items of the Collateral as may be requested by Investor to better assure it with respect to the security interests granted pursuant to this Security Agreement. The Company will cause all security instruments, notices and financing statements to be duly registered, recorded and filed and to be duly reregistered, rerecorded and refiled at the time and in the places now or hereafter required by all applicable laws for the proper maintenance of the validity and priority of the security interests and liens given as described above, and Investor will pay all fees, charges, or taxes imposed with respect to any such registration, recording or filing.
9. Termination of the Security Interest. The security interest created pursuant to this Security Agreement shall terminate upon payment in full of the Note (or upon conversion of the Note into shares of the Company’s capital stock, as applicable).
10. Miscellaneous.
(a) The Company waives any right to require Investor: (i) to proceed against any person, firm or corporation; (ii) to exhaust any Collateral it may hold at any time; (iii) to apply any Collateral in any order; or (iv) to pursue any other remedy whatsoever in Investor’s power. This Security Agreement, and any term hereof, may be amended, waived, discharged or terminated (either generally or in a particular instance and either retroactively or prospectively) only with the written consent of the Company and Investor. Any amendment, waiver, discharge or termination effected in accordance with this paragraph shall be binding upon the Company and Investor.
(b) All notices, requests, demands and other communications hereunder shall be made and delivered as prescribed in the Note.
(c) This Security Agreement shall bind and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto, and their respective legal representatives, successors and assigns.
(d) This Security Agreement shall be governed in all respects by the internal laws of the State of Delaware. Any and all disputes arising out of or related to this Security Agreement shall be adjudicated exclusively in the state or federal courts located in Miami, Florida.
(e) This Security Agreement may be executed in counterparts, all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same instrument by signing any such counterpart.
(f) This Security Agreement and the security interest created hereby are for the sole and exclusive benefit of Investor and its assignees and shall not operate to the benefit of any other third party.
[Signature page follows.]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed and delivered this Security Agreement as of the Effective Date.
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Exhibit 10.10
BRIDGE LOAN AGREEMENT
THIS BRIDGE LOAN AGREEMENT (this “Agreement”) is made effective December 30, 2020, by and among the individual Lenders as specified on the signature page below (collectively, “Lender”), and ALFI INC., a Delaware corporation, having a business address of 429 Lenox Avenue, Suite 547, Miami Beach, Florida 33139 USA (“Borrower”).
RECITALS:
WHEREAS, Borrower, desires to borrow from Lender to meet its immediate working capital needs; and
WHEREAS, Borrower desires to borrow an aggregate of up to $2,000,000 (the “Loan”) from the Lender in order to meet the immediate working capital needs of the Borrower to operate its business; and
WHEREAS, Borrower intends to repay the Loan out of the proceeds expected to be realized by Borrower from a debt or equity offering; and
WHEREAS, Borrower and Lender desire to outline the business arrangement between them as it relates to the funding of such Loan.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the recitals, premises and the mutual agreements contained herein, and other good consideration, the sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged, the parties hereby agree as follows:
ARTICLE 1. LOAN
1.1 Incorporation of Recitals. It is expressly agreed that the recitals to this Agreement are incorporated herein and made an operative part of this Agreement.
1.2 Loan. Lender hereby agrees to lend funds to Borrower and Borrower hereby accepts the Loan from Lender and agrees to repay the same plus applicable interest and costs and expenses upon terms and conditions as further set forth in this Agreement and its exhibit (collectively, the “Loan Documentation”). The Lender shall fund to the Borrower the amounts reasonably requested by the Borrower from time to time (each an “Installment Amount” and, collectively, the “Installment Amounts”); provided, however, that the aggregate sum of the Installment Amounts shall be no less than $1,000,000 (the “Floor”), and no more than $2,000,000 (the “Ceiling”); and provided, further, that once the aggregate sum of the Installment Amounts reach the Floor, the Lender shall have the right (at its sole discretion), but not the obligation, to fund any Installment Amounts to the Borrower up to the Ceiling.
1.3 Promissory Note. As evidence of the Loan, Borrower shall execute and deliver one or more promissory notes (a "Note") payable to Lender in substantially the same form as “Exhibit “A” (“Exhibit A”) which is hereby incorporated by reference.
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1.4 Interest. Borrower shall pay interest to Lender on the Loan from the Funding Date at the rate of Eighteen Percent (18.0%) per annum (computed on the basis of actual calendar days elapsed and a year of three hundred sixty-five (365) days), or, if less, at the highest rate of interest then permitted under applicable law, until the earlier to occur of (i) the Maturity Date or (ii) the earlier repayment of the Note.
1.5 Principal. Lender shall make the Loan available to Borrower on or before December 31, 2020 (the “Funding Date”) in lawful money of the United States of America. The Loan plus interest and any and all unpaid costs and/or expenses shall be repaid by Borrower to Lender on or before the sooner of: (i) a debt or equity financing transaction of $7,000,000 or more, or (ii) June 30, 2021 (the “Maturity Date”). Borrower shall not be entitled to re-borrow any prepaid Loan, interest or other costs or charges.
1.6 Unsecured Loan. The Loan shall be unsecured.
1.7 Additional Financings. Borrower agrees that this Note is now and shall remain senior to any other subsequent debt of Borrower. Where Borrower seeks to enter into any debt or equity financing arrangement during the Term of this Note, then this Note and all related sums due shall immediately become due and payable in their entirety, provided however, at Lender’s sole option, Borrower may be permitted alternate repayment terms. Lender shall not unreasonably withhold its consent from any subordination requests reasonably made by Borrower.
1.8 Compliance. The parties intend that the Loan be undertaken in full compliance with state and federal laws and at non-usurious rates. In the event the terms and conditions of this Agreement shall found to be unlawful, this Agreement shall be voluntarily conformed/modified by the parties or by a court of competent jurisdiction, to come into compliance therewith.
ARTICLE 2. RELATED LOAN PROVISIONS
2.1 Use of Proceeds. Borrower will use the proceeds solely for lawful business purposes, including, but not limited to, working capital for the expansion of the Borrower’s business and other related business activities.
2.2 Voting Common Stock Kicker. In connection with the Note, Borrower shall issue to Lender an amount of Voting Common Voting Stock in Borrower (the “Lender Shares”), with such Lender Shares equal to one (1) share of Voting Common Stock for every $2 advanced under the Note (for example, if the full $2,000,000 is advanced under the Note, a total of 1,000,000 Shares of Voting Common Stock would be issued to Lender).
2.3 Terms of Lender Shares. The Lender Shares shall be subject to the following features:
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(a) | Such Lender Shares shall be subject to a 12-month, post Initial Public Offering (“IPO”) re-sale “Lock-up” restriction. |
(b) | Following the term of the “Lock-up”, the Lender Shares can be sold by Lender upon the following terms: |
a. | Lender shall have the right following “Lock-Up,” to a one-time sale of up to 25% of the Lender Shares. |
b. | The remaining Lender Shares, which are not otherwise sold in such one-time sale (e.g., 75% of the Lender Shares if 25% of the Equity Shares are sold in the one-time sale), may only be sold if (i) the selling price per share is at least 110% of the IPO price per share, and (ii) if such sale combined with all other sales by such Lender during a thirty (30) day period, represents no more than 10% of the most recent 25-day average trading volume related to Borrower’s shares purchased and sold on the market. |
(c) | For a period of 36 months from the Funding Date, Borrower shall have the option, with Lender’s consent, to buy-back any Lender Shares still held by Lender, at a purchase price of $4 per share. |
(d) | Further, in all cases where Borrower is not in default of this Agreement, the Lender Shares shall under no circumstances be voted by Lender such that the Lender Shares when combined with Lender’s currently owned shares, shall exceed fifty percent (50%) of the then voting shares of Borrower (to be evaluated on a case-by-case basis), nor shall the Lender Shares be used to support any Written Consent pursuant to 8 Del. C. §141(f) of the Delaware General Corporation Law. For the sake of clarification, the Lender Shares may be voted in all cases where the vote, inclusive of non-Lender shares is unanimous, and where such approval is required to proceed with any IPO. |
2.4 Costs and Expenses. Borrower shall be responsible for all documented out-of-pocket costs and reasonable and documented legal expenses incurred by Lender in connection with this Loan of up to $10,000, including processing fees, attorney fees, UCC searches, Florida Documentary Stamps, and filing fees.
ARTICLE 3. CLOSING
3.1 Closing. The Closing of the Loan shall take place on the Funding Date simultaneously with the execution of this Agreement and the Note at such time and place as mutually agreed to between the parties (the “Closing”).
3.2 Lender’s Closing Deliverables. At the Closing, Lender shall deliver (i) this Agreement duly executed by Lender; and (ii) the initial draw of the Loan Amount to Borrower via bank check or wire transfer or such other manner as shall be mutually agreed upon between Borrower and Lender.
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3.3 Borrower’s Closing Deliverables. At the Closing, Borrower shall deliver: (i) this Agreement duly executed by Borrower; and (ii) the Note duly executed by Borrower.
3.4 Application of Payments. Unless a payment is made by Borrower and received at a time when no Default or Event of Default exists and is earmarked for a specific purpose (e.g., a periodic interest payment), the general rule for application of payments to the obligations shall call for application: (i) first, to accrued expense or indemnity obligations then due under this Agreement or the Note; (ii) second, to accrued interest under the Note; and (iii) third, to any amount of principal outstanding under the Note.
ARTICLE 4. REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES AND COVENANTS OF BORROWER
4.1 Authority. Borrower is a Delaware corporation in good standing and has the full power and legal authority to conduct its business and to make, deliver and perform this Agreement. Borrower has taken all necessary actions to authorize the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement, and the borrowing on the terms and conditions of this Agreement. No consent or authorization of, filing with, notice to or other similar act by or in respect of, any governmental authority or any other person (including persons who are beneficiaries of obligations of Borrower) is required to be obtained or made by or on behalf of Borrower in connection with the execution, delivery, performance, validity or enforceability of this Agreement. This Agreement has been submitted to, ratified and approved by the Borrower in the manner required by law.
4.2 Effectiveness. This Agreement and the Note shall constitute the legal, valid and binding obligation of Borrower, enforceable against Borrower in accordance with its terms except as enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization,, moratorium or similar laws affecting creditors' rights generally and except as enforceability may be subject to general principles of equity (regardless of whether such enforceability is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law).
4.3 No Legal or Contractual Bar. This borrowing and the use of proceeds: (a) do not and will not violate any requirement of law or obligation of Borrower or permit the acceleration of any obligation of Borrower pursuant to any such obligation; and (b) do not and will not result in, or require, the creation of imposition of any lien on any of Borrower's properties or revenues pursuant to any such requirement of law or obligation other than the security interest granted to the Lender in the Collateral as set forth in the security provisions of the Note.
4.4 Waiver. Borrower has waived any potential conflict of interest that could otherwise ever be asserted against Lender arising out of matters relating to this Agreement or the Loan.
4.5 Information. To the best of its knowledge, Borrower confirms that: (a) all information and written materials which Borrower has provided or will provide to Lender in connection with the Loan are accurate in all material respects; and (b) Borrower has all the necessary authority to disclose, provide copies and authorize the use of such information and written materials to Lender. Lender is hereby authorized by Borrower to use such information and written materials for its evaluation of the Loan by its officers, directors, employees, agents and representatives for internal assessment purposes and for the purpose of inclusion of information and materials to nominees selected by Lender for purposes of syndicating the proposed Loan.
Page 4 of 14
ARTICLE 5. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF LENDER
5.1 Authority. Lender has the power and authority, and the legal right, to make, deliver and perform this Agreement and to lend funds to Borrower, and has taken all necessary action to authorize the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement. No consent or authorization of, filing with, notice to or other similar act by or in respect of, any governmental authority or any other person (including persons who are beneficiaries of obligations of Borrower) is required to be obtained or made by or on behalf of Lender in connection with the execution, delivery, performance, validity or enforceability of this Agreement.
5.2 Effectiveness. Upon execution, this Agreement and its exhibit shall constitute the legal, valid and binding obligation of Lender, enforceable against Lender in accordance with its terms except as enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or similar laws affecting creditors' rights generally and except as enforceability may be subject to general principles of equity (regardless of whether such enforceability is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law.
ARTICLE 6. CONDITIONS OF LENDING
6.1 Representations and Warranties. Each of the representations and warranties made by each party to the other pursuant to this Agreement (or in any amendment, modification or supplement hereto or thereto) shall, except to the extent that they relate to a particular date, be true and correct in all material respects on and as of such date as if made on and as of such date.
6.2 Financial Condition of Borrower. Borrower has provided or will provide all material information regarding the financial condition of Borrower as of the latest practicable date. During the term of the Loan, Borrower shall provide quarterly financial reports and make interim financial updates for material events to Lender. Additionally, should a default occur, Borrower shall be obligated to provide information on a weekly basis to Lender as the business develops such information and shall provide immediate access to all financial reporting, statements, books and records upon Lender’s request. This provision for disclosure shall be considered a material consideration for the provision of this Loan, and Borrower shall be deemed in default of this Agreement should accurate, timely and complete disclosures not occur.
6.3 Approval. This Agreement has been submitted to, ratified and approved by the Borrower and by Lender in the manner required by the law of Lender’s jurisdiction of residence.
6.4 Compliance. Borrower will maintain and operate the business in accordance with all applicable laws, regulations, industry and insurance requirements, in each case, in all material respects. Borrower shall obtain and maintain such authorizations, licenses, permits and other governmental or regulatory agency approvals as are required for the performance of this Agreement.
Page 5 of 14
6.5 Insurance. Borrower shall obtain and maintain liability and property and casualty insurance in such amounts, with insurers and under policies in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Lender.
6.6 No Default. Borrower shall have complied with each and every covenant and agreement applicable to it contained in this Agreement and the Note and no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing on such date or after giving effect to the Loan.
ARTICLE 7. EVENTS OF DEFAULT
7.1 Event of Default. An "Event of Default" shall mean any of the events specified herein; provided that any requirement for the giving of notice, the lapse of time, or both, or any other condition, has been satisfied. The following are Events of Default under this Agreement, the Loan and the Note:
(a) Borrower shall fail to pay: (i) any amount of principal payable under the Note when due in accordance with the terms hereof of or (ii) any interest or fees payable under the Note, in either case within then (10) business days of the date when due in accordance with the terms hereof, in both cases after a two (2) business day email by Lender to the then CFO of Borrower; or
(b) Borrower shall default in the observance or performance of any other covenant or agreement contained in this Agreement and such default continues for thirty (30) days after the date that Lender has given written notice to Borrower specifying such default and requiring that it be remedied; or
(c) Borrower shall (i) commence any case, proceeding or other action (A) under any existing or future law of any jurisdiction, domestic or foreign, relating to bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or relief of debtors, seeking to have an order for relief entered with respect to it, or seeking to adjudicate it a bankrupt or insolvent, or seeking reorganization, arrangement, adjustment, winding-up, liquidation, dissolution, composition or other relief with respect to it or its debts, (B) seeking appointment of a receiver, trustee, custodian, conservator or other similar official for it or for all or any substantial part of its assets, or Borrower shall make a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors, or (C) cease doing business in the ordinary course; or (ii) there shall be commenced against Borrower any case, proceeding or other action or a nature referred to in clause (i) above which (A) results in the entry of an order for relief or any such adjudication or appointment or (B) remains undismissed, undischarged, unstayed or unbonded for a period of sixty (60) days; or (iii) there shall be commenced against Borrower any case, proceeding or other action seeking issuance of a warrant of attachment, execution or similar process against all or any substantial part of its assets which results in the entry of an order for such relief which shall not have been vacated, discharged, stayed or bonded pending appeal within sixty (60) days from the entry thereof; or (iv) Borrower shall take any corporate action in furtherance of, or indicating its consent to, approval of or acquiescence in any of the acts set forth in clause (i), (ii), or (iii) above; or (v) Borrower shall fail to comply with all applicable federal or state securities laws, rules or regulations, or exchange rules, or generally be unable to, or shall admit in writing its general inability to, pay its debts as they become due; or
Page 6 of 14
(d) Any representation or warranty made by Borrower under this Agreement shall be false or incorrect in any material respect on the date such representation or warranty was made;
(e) The determination by Lender, in its sole reasonable discretion, that a debt or equity financing transaction of Borrower as currently contemplated, will not take place, or
(f) This Agreement or any Note shall, for any reason, fail or cease to be enforceable in any material respect; then, and in any such event, (A) if such event is an Event of Default specified in clause (i) or (ii) of subsection (c) above, with respect to Borrower, automatically the Loan hereunder (with accrued interest thereon) and all other amounts owing under this Agreement or any Note shall immediately become due and payable, (B) if such event is any other Event of Default, Lender may, by written notice to Borrower, declare the Loan hereunder (with accrued but unpaid interest thereon) and all other amounts owing under this Agreement or any Note to be due and payable forthwith, whereupon the same shall immediately become due and payable, (C) Lender may exercise all rights and remedies available to it in equity, at law, or pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement or otherwise, and (D) Lender may exercise its privilege to collect on the entire amount of any outstanding principal and interest and any and all costs associated with collection (including attorney fees at any level).
7.2 Remedies Not Exclusive. The remedies conferred upon or reserved to Lender are intended to be in addition to, and not in limitation of, any other remedy or remedies available to Lender.
ARTICLE 8. MISCELLANEOUS
8.1 Amendments. This Agreement and any terms hereof may not be amended, supplemented or modified except pursuant to a writing signed by both Lender and Borrower.
8.2 Notices. All notices, requests and demands to or upon the respective parties hereto be effective shall be in writing (including by fax and/or e-mail) and, unless otherwise expressly provided herein, shall be deemed to have been duly given or made when delivered: (i) by hand, upon receipt or (ii) three (3) days after being deposited in the mail, postage prepaid, or (ii) in the case of facsimile transmission notice, when received (with confirmation of receipt), or (iii) in the case of delivery by a nationally recognized overnight courier, when received, in each case addressed to such addresses or fax number as may be hereafter notified by the respective parties hereto.
8.3 Successors and Assigns. Borrower may not assign its rights or obligations under this Agreement or any Note without the consent of Lender. Lender may assign its interests in this Agreement or any Nate issued hereunder. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of Borrower and Lender and their respective successors and permitted assigns.
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8.4 Severability. Any provision of this Agreement that is prohibited or unenforceable shall not invalidate or render enforceable such provision in any other jurisdiction.
8.5 Governing Law. This Agreement and the rights and obligations of the parties hereunder shall be governed by and interpreted in accordance with the laws of the State of Florida, without regard to any conflicts of law provisions.
8.6 Dispute Resolution. In the event of a dispute the following actions shall be taken:
(a) If a claim or controversy between the parties is not resolved for any reason, Lender and Borrower shall meet within twenty (20) days of written notice of one party to the other to attempt, in good faith, to settle or resolve the matter. Such process shall not stay any termination permitted under this Agreement. Compliance with the provisions of this paragraph shall be a condition precedent to any claim in any arbitration, judicial, or other dispute resolution process.
(b) Excluding claims for injunctive relief, all controversies or disputes arising out of or relating to this Agreement that cannot be resolved by the parties’ authorized representatives shall be resolved by binding arbitration in accordance with the then current Commercial Arbitration Rules of the American Arbitration Association. The parties shall endeavor to select a mutually acceptable arbitrator knowledgeable about issues relating to the subject matter of this Agreement. In the event the parties are unable to agree to such a selection, each party will select an arbitrator and the two arbitrators shall in turn select a third arbitrator. The arbitration shall take place in Miami-Dade County, Florida.
(c) All documents, materials, and information in the possession of each party that are in any way relevant to the claims or disputes shall be made available to the other party for review, inspection and copying no later than sixty (60) days after the notice of arbitration is served.
(d) The arbitrators shall not have the authority, power, or right to alter, change, amend, modify, add, or subtract from any provision of this Agreement. The arbitrators shall have the power to issue mandatory orders, restraining orders, and injunctions in connection with the arbitration. The award entered by the arbitrators shall be final and binding upon the parties, and judgment may be entered thereon in any court of competent jurisdiction.
8.7 Continuing Assurances. Borrower and Lender shall, whenever and as often as reasonably requested to do so by the other party, execute, acknowledge and deliver or cause to be executed, acknowledged or delivered, any and all agreements and instruments as may be necessary, expedient or proper to carry out the intent and purposes of this Agreement, providing that the requesting party shall bear the cost and expense of such further agreements or documents (except that the parties shall bear their respective attorneys’ fees and costs).
[Signature page follows]
Page 8 of 14
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Bridge Loan Agreement and its exhibit to be duly executed and delivered on their behalf as of the date first above written.
Borrower | ||||
ALFI, INC. | ||||
By: | ||||
Lender | Lender | |||
Lee Aerospace, Inc. | Paul Antonio Pereira | |||
By: | By: | |||
Title: | CEO | Amount: | $250,000.00 | |
Amount: | $1,700,000.00 | |||
Lender | ||||
Dennis McIntosh | ||||
By: | ||||
Title: | CFO | |||
Amount: | $50,000.00 |
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EXHIBIT A
PROMISSORY NOTE
[Attached]
Page 10 of 14
PROMISSORY NOTE
$2,000,000 | Miami, Florida |
December 31, 2020 |
FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the undersigned borrower (the “Borrower”) promises to pay to pay the individual Lenders as specified on the signature page below, and on a pro rata basis (collectively, “Lender”), at its principal office the aggregate principal sum of up to Two Million ($2,000,000.00) (the “Maximum Principal Amount”), as updated and set forth on the attached Schedule 1, together with interest on the outstanding principal of each Installment Amount (as defined below) at the rate of Eighteen Percent (18.0%) per annum (computed on the basis of actual calendar days elapsed and a year of three hundred sixty-five (365) days), or, if less, at the highest rate of interest then permitted under applicable law. Interest shall commence respectively on the date when each Installment Amount is received by the Borrower and shall continue to accrue on the corresponding outstanding principal until paid in accordance with the provisions hereof. If any interest is determined to be in excess of the then legal maximum rate, then that portion of each interest payment representing an amount in excess of the then legal maximum rate shall be deemed a payment of the applicable principal of the corresponding Installment Amount and applied against the principal of the obligations evidenced by this Promissory Note (this “Note”).
1. Maturity. Unless sooner paid in accordance with the terms hereof, the entire unpaid principal amount as then set forth on Schedule 1 and all unpaid accrued interest of this Note shall become fully due and payable on the earlier of (i) a debt or equity financing transaction of Borrower of $7,000,000 or more, (ii) June 30, 2021 (the “Maturity Date”), or (iii) the acceleration of the maturity of this Note pursuant to Section 3.
2. Installment Amounts. The Lender shall fund to the Borrower the amounts reasonably requested by the Borrower from time to time for its operating and/or capital expense purposes (each an “Installment Amount” and, collectively, the “Installment Amounts”) and the Borrower shall update Schedule 1 accordingly; provided, however, that the aggregate sum of the Installment Amounts set forth on Schedule 1 shall not exceed the Maximum Principal Amount; and provided, further, that the Lender shall have the right (at its sole discretion), but not the obligation to fund any Installment Amounts to the Borrower, up to the Maximum Principal Amount.
3. Events of Acceleration. The entire unpaid principal amount of this Note and all then accrued and unpaid interest of this Note shall become fully due and payable upon the earliest of:
(i) the filing of a petition by or against the Borrower under any provision of the Bankruptcy Reform Act (Title 11 of the United States Code), as amended or recodified from time to time, or under any other law relating to bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or other relief for debtors;
(ii) the appointment of a receiver, trustee, custodian or liquidator of or for any part of these assets or property of the Borrower;
Page 11 of 14
(iii) immediately prior to the closing of an acquisition of the Borrower, whether by merger or the purchase of all of its outstanding stock or all (or substantially all) of its assets, by an unrelated third party;
(iv) the execution by the Borrower of a general assignment for the benefit of creditors; or
(v) The determination by Lender, in its reasonable discretion, that a debt or equity financing transaction of Borrower as currently contemplated, will not take place.
4. Form of Payment; Prepayment. All payments of principal and interest on this Note shall be made without offset or deduction in lawful tender of the United States to the Lender. All payments on this Note shall be applied first to the payment of accrued and unpaid interest, and thereafter to the payment of principal. Prepayment of the principal balance of this Note, together with all accrued and unpaid interest, may be made in whole or in part at any time without penalty.
5. Unsecured Loan. The Borrower’s obligations under this Note shall be unsecured.
6. Default. For purposes of this Note, the failure of the Borrower to pay when due the principal balance and accrued interest under this Note shall constitute an “Event of Default.” If an Event of Default occurs, all indebtedness under this Note shall become immediately due and payable without any action on the part of the Lender, and the Borrower shall immediately pay to the Lender all such amounts.
7. Collection and Attorneys’ Fees. If any action is instituted to collect any indebtedness under this Note, then the Borrower promises to pay all reasonable costs and expenses, including reasonable attorneys’ fees, incurred by the Lender in connection with such action.
8. Assignment. The terms and conditions of this Note shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the respective successors and assigns of the parties. Notwithstanding the foregoing, neither the Lender nor the Borrower may assign, pledge or otherwise transfer this Note without the prior written consent of the other party.
9. Governing Law. This Note and all acts and transactions pursuant hereto and the rights and obligations of the parties hereto shall be governed, construed and interpreted in accordance with the laws of Florida, without giving effect to principles of conflicts of law thereof.
10. Conflicting Agreements. In the event of any inconsistencies between the terms of this Note and the terms of any other document related to the loan evidenced by this Note, the terms of this Note shall prevail.
11. Amendment. Any term of this Note may be amended and the observance of any term of this Note may be waived only with the written consent of the Lender and the Borrower; provided, however, that the Borrower may update Schedule 1 attached hereto without such written consent in order to reflect additional Installment Amounts received by the Borrower from time to time.
[Signature page follows.]
Page 12 of 14
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Borrower has caused this Note to be duly executed and delivered as of the date first above written.
BORROWER | |||
AFLI INC. | |||
By: | |||
Name: | Paul Antonio Pereira | ||
Title: | Chief Executive Officer |
Acknowledged and Agreed: | |||
LENDER | |||
LEE AEROSPACE, INC. | |||
By: | |||
Name: | James Lee | ||
Title: | Chief Executive Officer | ||
LENDER | |||
Paul Antonio Pereira | |||
By: | |||
Name: | |||
Title: | CEO | ||
LENDER | |||
Dennis McIntosh | |||
By: | |||
Name: | |||
Title: | CFO |
Page 13 of 14
SCHEDULE 1
In accordance with Section 2 of this Note, the Lender has loaned to the Borrower the following Installment Amounts on the respective dates received by the Borrower, as set forth below:
*combined total equals $1,000,000.00 (floor)
**In accordance with Article 1.2
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Exhibit 10.11
LETTER AGREEMENT
RELATED TO
PURCHASE OF LENOVO TABLETS
FOR ALFI PROJECT
This Letter Agreement (this “Agreement”) dated effective March 19, 2020, relates to that certain purchase by Lee Aerospace, Inc. (“Lee Aero”), of certain Lenovo tablets, which shall be purchased by Lee Aero, on behalf of and for the benefit of Alfi, Inc. (“Alfi”).
RECITALS
WHEREAS, as of the date hereof, Lee Aero has agreed to enter into a Purchase Order with Lenovo Group Limited (“Lenovo”), whereby Lee Aero will purchase from Lenovo Seven Thousand Six Hundred (7,600) tablets (the “Tablets”), for a purchase price of $100.00 per Tablet, and a total purchase price of $760,000.00. A copy of the Purchase Order is attached hereto as Exhibit A.
WHEREAS, Lee Aero and Alfi desire to enter into this Agreement to outline their understanding and agreement as it relates to any potential future sale of the Tablets by Lee Aero to Alfi, with any such sale shall subject to the terms as set forth below.
NOW THEREFORE, Lee Aero and Alfi hereby acknowledge and agree as follows:
AGREEMENT
1. | Initial Ownership of Tablets: Upon Lee Aero’s purchase of the Tablets from Lenovo, the Tablets shall be the exclusive property of Lee Aero, and such Tablets shall be held in the inventory of Lee Aero. For avoidance of doubt, prior to any Tablet purchase by Alfi, Lee Aero shall be free and clear to determine its best use of the Tablets, in its sole discretion, provided, however, that prior to any alternative (e.g. non-Alfi related) use or sale by Lee Aero, Lee Aero shall first provide written notice to Alfi and Alfi shall have ten (10) business days from receiving such notice to complete a desired purchase. |
2. | Alfi’s Purchase of Tablets: Should Alfi desire to purchase the Tablets (or any portion thereof) from Lee Aerospace, Alfi shall submit to Lee Aero a purchase order indicating its desire to make such purchase, including the number of Tablets so desired. Any such Tablet purchase by Alfi shall be made at a cost of $125.00 per Tablet, plus all incidental costs including, but not limited to, costs associated with shipping, taxes, and tariffs. |
1
3. | Ownership Rights. Ownership rights as it relates to the Tablets shall not transfer from Lee Aero to Alfi until a time in which Alfi completes payment for any such Tablet purchase. For avoidance of doubt, prior to purchasing the Tablets from Lee Aero, Alfi shall have no ownership rights as it relates to the Tablets. |
4. | Pre-staging of Tablets. The “pre-staging” of the Tablets shall be performed by Lee Aero at no cost to Alfi. Such “pre-staging” shall include the installation of the SOTI software on each Tablet, as instructed by Alfi. |
5. | Entire Agreement. This Agreement is the entire agreement, and supersedes any prior agreements and contemporaneous oral agreements, of the parties concerning its subject matter. |
6. | Counterparts and Signatures. This Agreement may be executed simultaneously in two or more counterparts, each of which will be deemed an original, but all of which together will constitute one and the same instrument. Facsimile, electronic and pdf signatures of the parties hereto will be binding. |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned acknowledge and agree this Agreement is effective as of the date specified above.
LEE AEROSPACE, INC. | ALFI, INC. | |||
By: | By: |
Name: | C.W. Feril | Name: | John Cook |
Title: | IT Manager | Title: | CFO |
By: |
Name: | James Lee | |
Title: | President |
Exhibit A
Purchase Order
3
To: | Ship to: | |
LENOVO INC | LEE AEROSPACE | |
1 MANHATTENVILLE ROAD | 9323 E. 34th Street North | |
PURCHASE NY 10577 | WICHITA KS 67226 | |
United States | United States |
-- | Phone (416)383-5134 | Fax (888)380-5922 | -- |
PO Date | Ship Via | FOB | Planner | Confirming to | Terms |
03/19/2020 | Best Way | P01 | NET 30 |
Item No | Part / Rev / Description / Details | Quantity |
Promised
Delivery |
Unit Cost | Extended Cost | |
1 |
ZA2X0000US
LENOVO TB-X704
Purchase Category : INV
|
Rev 000
U/M EA
|
7,600.00000 | 04/30/2020 | 100.00000 | 760,000.00000 |
Total Items Price | US$ 760,000.00 | ||
Sales Tax | US$ 0.00 | ||
Fixed Cost | US$ 0.00 | ||
Total PO Price | US$ 760,000.00 |
SHIPPING: 7 DAYS EARLY / 0 DAYS LATE - PROMISE DELIVERY IS ON DOCK DUE DATE General Purchase Order Terms & Conditions reference PF2507-01 Additional Quality Requirements: Quality Notes Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 Available at: http://www.leeaerospace.com/supplier-information/ |
Page 1 of 1 | ||
Authorized Signature |
Exhibit 14.1
ALFI, INC.
Code of Business Conduct and Ethics
I. Introduction
The Company requires the highest standards of professional and ethical conduct from its employees, officers and directors. Our reputation for honesty and integrity is key to the success of its business. The Company intends that its business practices will comply with the laws of all of the jurisdictions in which it operates and that honesty, integrity and accountability will always characterize the Company’s business activity. No employee, officer or director may achieve results through violations of laws or regulations or unscrupulous dealings.
This Code reflects the Company’s commitment to this culture of honesty, integrity and accountability and outlines the basic principles and policies with which all employees, officers and directors are expected to comply. Therefore, we expect you to read this Code thoroughly and carefully.
In addition to following this Code in all aspects of your business activities, you are expected to seek guidance in any situation where there is a question regarding compliance issues, whether with the letter or the spirit of the Company’s policies and applicable laws. Cooperation with this Code is essential to the continued success of the Company’s business and the cultivation and maintenance of its reputation as a good corporate citizen. Misconduct is never justified, even where sanctioned or ordered by an officer or other individual in a position of higher management. No individual, regardless of stature or position, can authorize actions that are illegal, or that jeopardize or violate Company standards. We note that this Code sets forth general principles of conduct and ethics and is intended to work in conjunction with the specific policies and procedures that are covered in the Company’s compliance manual or in separate specific policy statements, such as the Securities Trading Policy and the Related Persons Transaction Policy, and you should refer to those policies and procedures for more detail in the specified context.
Nothing in this Code prohibits you from reporting possible violations of federal law or regulation to any governmental agency or entity, including but not limited to the Department of Justice, the Securities and Exchange Commission, the Congress, and any agency Inspector General, or making other disclosures that are protected under the whistleblower provisions of federal law or regulation. You do not need the prior authorization of the Company to make any such reports or disclosures and you are not required to notify the Company that you have made such reports or disclosures.
II. Conflicts of Interest
A conflict of interest occurs when your private interest interferes, appears to interfere or is inconsistent in any way with the interests of the Company. For example, conflicts of interest may arise if:
● | You cause the Company to engage in business transactions with a company that you, your friends or your relatives control without having obtained the appropriate prior approvals required. |
● | You are in a position to (i) compete with, rather than help, the Company or (ii) make a business decision not on the basis of the Company’s interest but rather for your own personal advantage. |
● | You take actions, or have personal or family interests, which may make it difficult to perform your work (or discharge your duties and obligations) effectively. |
● | You, or any of your family members or affiliates, receive improper personal benefits other than gratuities and payments received or provided in compliance with the guidelines set forth in “Gifts and Entertainment” below, as a result of your position in the Company. |
A conflict of interest may not be immediately recognizable, so potential conflicts must be reported immediately to the Secretary of the Company (the “Secretary”). Further, if you become aware of a conflict or potential conflict involving another employee, officer or director, you should bring it to the attention of the Secretary or a member of the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors at the principal executive offices of the Company.
If the concern requires confidentiality, including keeping particular individuals anonymous, then this confidentially will be protected, except to the extent necessary to conduct an effective investigation or as required by under applicable law, regulation or legal proceedings.
III. Related Party Transactions
The Company has adopted a policy that requires the review and approval of any transaction, arrangement or relationship where the Company was, is or will be a participant and the amount involved exceeds $120,000, and in which any “Related Person” (generally defined as any director (or director nominee) or executive officer of the Company, beneficial owner of more than 5% of the Company stock, any immediate family member of the foregoing and any entity in which any of the foregoing persons is employed or is a partner or principal or in which that person has a 10% or greater beneficial ownership interest) had, has or will have a direct or indirect material interest.
Before entering any such transaction, arrangement or relationship, the Secretary must be notified of the facts and circumstances of the proposed transaction, arrangement or relationship. If the Secretary determines that a transaction, arrangement or relationship is indeed a related party transaction, then such transaction will be sent to the Audit Committee (or the Chair of such committee) for their review and approval. Only those transactions that are in the best interests of the Company shall be approved.
IV. Corporate Opportunities
When carrying out your duties or responsibilities, you owe a duty to the Company to advance its legitimate interests. The Company’s certificate of incorporation and corporate governance guidelines contain important policies with respect to corporate opportunities.
V. Public Reporting
Full, fair, accurate and timely disclosure must be made in the reports and other documents that the Company files with, or submits to, the SEC and in its other public communications. Such disclosure is critical to ensure that the Company maintains its good reputation, complies with its obligations under the securities laws and meets the expectations of its stockholders.
Persons responsible for the preparation of such documents and reports and other public communications must exercise the highest standard of care in accordance with the following guidelines:
● | all accounting records, and the reports produced from such records, must comply with all applicable laws; |
● | all accounting records must fairly and accurately reflect the transactions or occurrences to which they relate; |
● | all accounting records must fairly and accurately reflect in reasonable detail the Company’s assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses; |
● | accounting records must not contain any false or intentionally misleading entries; |
● | no transactions should be intentionally misclassified as to accounts, departments or accounting periods; |
● | all transactions must be supported by accurate documentation in reasonable detail and recorded in the proper account and in the proper accounting period; |
● | no information should be concealed from the internal auditors or the independent auditors; and |
● | compliance with the Company’s internal control over financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures is required. |
VI. Confidentiality
Employees, officers and directors must maintain and protect the confidentiality of information entrusted to them by the Company, or that otherwise comes into their possession, during the course of their employment or while carrying out their duties and responsibilities, except when disclosure is authorized by the Company or legally mandated.
The obligation to preserve confidential information continues even after employees, officers and directors leave the Company.
Confidential information encompasses all non-public information (including, for example, “inside information” or information that third-parties have entrusted to the Company) that may be of use to competitors, or may otherwise be harmful to the Company or its key stakeholders, if disclosed. Financial information is of special sensitivity and should under all circumstances be considered confidential, except where its disclosure is approved by the Company or when the information has been publicly disseminated.
VII. Protection and Proper Use of Company Assets
All employees, officers and directors should promote and ensure the efficient and responsible use of the Company’s assets and resources by the Company. Theft, carelessness and waste have a direct impact on the Company’s profitability. Any suspected incidents of fraud or theft should be immediately reported for investigation.
Company assets, such as proprietary information, funds, materials, supplies, products, equipment, software, facilities, and other assets owned or leased by the Company or that are otherwise in the Company’s possession, may only be used for legitimate business purposes and must never be used for illegal purposes.
Proprietary information includes any information that is not generally known to the public or would be valued by, or helpful to, our competitors. Examples of proprietary information are intellectual property, business and strategic plans and employee information. The obligation to use proprietary information only for legitimate business purposes continues even after individuals leave the Company.
VIII. Insider Trading
Insider trading is unethical and illegal. Employees, officers and directors must not trade in securities of a company while in possession of material non-public information regarding that company. It is also illegal to “tip” or pass on inside information to any other person who might make an investment decision based on that information or pass the information to third parties. The Company has an Insider Trading Policy, which sets forth obligations in respect of trading in the Company’s securities.
IX. Fair Dealing
Each employee, officer and director, in carrying out his or her duties and responsibilities, should endeavor to deal fairly with each other and the Company’s customers, suppliers and competitors. No employee, officer or director should take unfair advantage of anyone through illegal conduct, manipulation, concealment, abuse of privileged information, misrepresentation of material facts or any other unfair-dealing practice.
X. Compliance with Laws, Rules and Regulations
Compliance with both the letter and spirit of all laws, rules and regulations applicable to the Company, including any securities exchange or other organization or body that regulates the Company, is critical to our reputation and continued success. All employees, officers and directors must respect and obey the laws of the cities, states and countries in which the Company operates and avoid even the appearance of impropriety.
Employees, officers or directors who fail to comply with this Code and applicable laws will be subject to disciplinary measures, up to and including discharge from the Company.
XI. Compliance with Antitrust Laws.
The Company believes in fair and open competition, and adheres strictly to applicable antitrust laws. It should be noted however that the following section is not an exhaustive summary of relevant antitrust laws. Additional antitrust considerations not covered in this section include participation in trade association, monopolization, price discrimination and other practices that affect competition.
As a general proposition, any contact with a competitor may be problematic under antitrust laws. Accordingly, all employees, officers and directors should avoid any such contact relating to the business of the Company or the competitor without first obtaining the approval of the Secretary. Any additional concerns relating to the aforementioned areas of potential antitrust breach should also be directed to the Secretary.
The Company notes below some general rules concerning contact with competitors:
● | Agreements among competitors, whether written or oral, that relate to prices are illegal per se. In other words, such agreements, by themselves, constitute violations of the antitrust laws. There are no circumstances under which agreements among competitors relating to prices may be found legal. Price fixing is a criminal offense, and may subject the Company to substantial fines and penalties and the offending employee to imprisonment and fines. |
● | Antitrust laws may be violated even in the absence of a formal agreement relating to prices. Under certain circumstances, an agreement to fix prices may be inferred from conduct, such as the exchange of price information, and from communications among competitors even without an express understanding. Although exchanges of price information are permitted in certain circumstances, employees of the Company should not participate in such exchanges without first obtaining the approval of the Secretary. |
● | It is a per se violation of antitrust laws for competitors to agree, expressly or by implication, to divide markets by territory or customers. |
● | It is a per se violation of the antitrust laws for competitors to agree not to do business with a particular customer or supplier. As with agreements to fix prices, the antitrust laws can be violated even in the absence of an express understanding. |
● | Any communication between competitors concerning problems with any customer or supplier may violate antitrust laws and should be avoided. |
XII. Compliance with Environmental Laws
The Company is sensitive to the environmental, health and safety consequences of its operations. Accordingly, the Company strictly complies with all applicable Federal and State environmental laws and regulations, including, among others, the Clean Air Act, the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act and the Occupational Safety and Health Act, and considers sustainability in its planning decisions. If any individual has any doubt as to the applicability or meaning of a particular environmental, health or safety regulation, he or she should discuss the matter with the Secretary.
XIII. Discrimination and Harassment
The Company values a diverse working environment and is committed to providing equal opportunity in all aspects of our business. Abusive, harassing or offensive conduct is unacceptable, whether verbal, physical or visual. Examples include derogatory comments based on racial or ethnic characteristics and unwelcome sexual advances. The Company encourages the reporting of harassment when it occurs.
XIV. Safety and Health
The Company is committed to keeping its workplaces free from hazards. You should report any accidents, injuries or unsafe equipment, practices or conditions immediately to a supervisor or other designated person. Threats or acts of violence or physical intimidation are prohibited.
You must not engage in the use of any substance that could prevent you from discharging your work duties and responsibilities safely and effectively.
XV. Company Records and Document Retention
Records created, received or used during the conduct of Company business, including all communications sent or received using the Company’s email system, are at all times the property of the Company wherever those records may be located. At any time, the Company and, in certain circumstances, third parties (including government officials), may review, without prior notice to personnel, any and all firm records, including records marked “Personal” or “Private.”
Any records that you create and store are subject to this Code and may be demanded by third parties during the course of litigation or a government investigation or, in the case of records sent outside the Company, subject to the records retention policies of the recipients.
You should, therefore, avoid discriminatory remarks, harassment and threats of violence or similar inappropriate or unlawful conduct. This applies to communications of all kinds, including e-mail, instant messaging, voice mail messages, text messages, video recordings and informal notes or interoffice memos. Records should be retained and destroyed in accordance with the Company’s records retention policy.
XVI. Use of Electronic Media
The Company has developed a policy to ensure that you understand the rules governing your use of the Company’s computer network, and options for e-mail and voicemail or other messaging services, Internet access or other use of electronic media. All Company equipment, including desks, computers and computer systems, computer software, electronic storage devices, cellphones or other mobile devices, e-mail, voicemail and other physical items are for business use only. The Company at all times retains the right to access and search all such electronic media or other items contained in or used in conjunction with the Company’s computer, e-mail, voicemail and Internet access systems and equipment with no prior notice.
Like the Company’s computer network, e-mail and voicemail services, access to Internet services such as web-browsing or newsgroups is provided to employees by the Company only for business use. Any personal use must be infrequent and must not involve any prohibited activity, interfere with the productivity of the employee or his or her coworkers, consume system resources or storage capacity on an ongoing basis or involve large file transfers or otherwise deplete system resources available for business purposes.
Your messages and computer information are considered Company property and consequently, employees should not have an expectation of privacy in the context of computer and voice mail use. Unless prohibited by law, the Company reserves the right to access and disclose this information as necessary for business purposes. Use good judgment, and do not access, send messages or store any information that you would not want to be seen or heard by other individuals.
The Company also recognizes that many employees are choosing to express themselves by using Internet technologies, such as blogs, wikis, file-sharing, user generated audio and video, virtual worlds, and social networking sites, such as Facebook, LinkedIn and Twitter. Whether you choose to participate in such social networking outside of work on your own time is your own decision.
XVII. Business Gifts and Entertainment
Business gifts and entertainment are often customary courtesies designed to build goodwill among business partners and clients. However, issues may arise when such courtesies compromise, or appear to compromise, the recipient’s ability to make objective and fair business decisions. In addition, issues can arise when the intended recipient is a government official. Offering or receiving any gift, gratuity or entertainment that might be perceived to unfairly influence a business relationship should be avoided. These guidelines apply at all times, and do not change during traditional gift giving seasons, and apply equally to employees, officers or directors offering gifts and entertainment to the Company’s business associates.
The value of gifts should be nominal, both with respect to frequency and monetary amount. Frequent gifting to a recipient may be perceived as an attempt to create an obligation to the giver, and is therefore inappropriate. Likewise, business entertainment should be moderately scaled and intended only to facilitate legitimate business goals. For example, should tickets to a sporting or cultural event be offered, the offeror must attend the event as well. The following questions may provide guidance in the instance of doubt:
● | Is the action legal? |
● | Does the action raise doubts or concerns? |
● | Should another individual be consulted? |
● | Is the action clearly business-related? |
● | Is the action or gift moderate, reasonable, and in good taste? |
● | Would public disclosure of the action or gift embarrass or harm the Company? |
● | Is there an expectation of reciprocation or favors? |
Strict rules apply when the Company does business with governmental agencies and officials, whether in the U.S. or in other countries, as discussed in more detail below.
Because of the sensitive nature of these relationships, you must seek approval from a supervisor and/or the Secretary before offering or making any gifts or hospitality to governmental officials or employees.
XVIII. Political Activities and Contributions
The Company respects the right of each of its employees to participate in the political process and to engage in political activities of his or her choosing; however, while involved in their personal and civic affairs employees must make clear at all times that their views and actions are their own, and not those of the Company. Employees may not use the Company’s resources to support their choice of political parties, causes or candidates.
The Company may occasionally express its views on local and national issues that affect its operations. In such cases, Company funds and resources may be used, but only when permitted by law and by Company guidelines. The Company may also make limited contributions to political parties or candidates in jurisdictions where it is legal and customary to do so. The Company may pay related administrative and solicitation costs for political action committees formed in accordance with applicable laws and regulations. Any use of Company resources for the Company’s political activities, including contributions or donations, requires advance approval by the Company’s Secretary.
XIX. Bribery and Corruption
Employees, officers and directors must comply with all laws prohibiting bribery, corruption and kickbacks, including laws prohibiting improper payments to domestic and foreign officials such as the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (the “FCPA”). While this section focuses primarily on foreign officials, this Policy equally prohibits bribery of domestic officials and commercial or private sector parties.
The FCPA prohibits an offer, payment, promise of payment or authorization of the payment of any money or thing of value to a foreign official, foreign political party, official of a foreign political party or candidate for political office to induce or influence any act or decision of such person or party or to secure any improper advantage. The FCPA prohibits such conduct whether done directly or indirectly through an agent or other intermediary.
Although U.S. law does allow certain payments to foreign officials intended solely to expedite non-discretionary routine government action, sometimes called “grease” or “facilitating” payments, this exception is a narrow one and such payments are often illegal under other laws. Accordingly, the Company’s policy is to avoid such payments.
Therefore, no payment may be made to a foreign official even for non-discretionary action without first consulting with and obtaining written authorization from the Secretary or Chief Executive Officer. If a facilitating payment is authorized, such payment must be accurately and fairly recorded in the Company’s books, records and accounts.
The FCPA further requires compliance by the Company with record keeping and internal controls requirements. The Company must maintain financial records which, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect transactions and disposition of corporate assets. In particular, all bank accounts that receive or disburse funds on behalf of the Company shall be properly authorized and any such transactions recorded on the official books and records of the Company. In addition, the Company must maintain a system of internal controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurances that the Company’s assets are used only in accordance with directives and authorizations by the board of directors and senior management, and that checks and balances are employed so as to prevent the by-passing or overriding of these controls.
Violation of the FCPA is an offense, subjecting the Company to substantial fines and penalties and any officer, director, employee or stockholder acting on behalf of the Company to imprisonment and fines. The FCPA prohibits the Company from paying, directly or indirectly, a fine imposed upon an individual pursuant to the FCPA. Violation of this policy may result in disciplinary actions up to and including discharge from the Company.
XX. Compliance with and Amendments of This Code
Failure to comply with this Code or applicable laws, rules or regulations may result in disciplinary measures, including discharge from your position with the Company. Violations of this Code may also constitute violations of law and may result in civil or criminal penalties for such person, such person’s supervisors and/or the Company. The Board of Directors will determine, or designate appropriate persons to determine, appropriate actions to be taken in the event of a violation of this Code in relation to Executives and Directors. In determining what action is appropriate in a particular case, the Board of Directors or its designee will consider the nature and severity of the violation, whether the violation was a single occurrence or repeated occurrences, whether the violation was intentional or inadvertent, whether the individual in question had been advised prior to the violation as to the proper course of action and whether or not the individual in question had committed other violations in the past. The Secretary will determine appropriate actions to be taken in the event of a violation of this code in relation to all other employees.
This Code cannot, and is not intended to, address all of the ethical complexities that may arise during the course of employment or association with the Company. There will be occasions where circumstances not covered by policy or procedure arise, and where a judgment must be made as to the appropriate course of action. In such circumstances, the Company encourages common sense decision-making, and consultation with a manager, member of human resources, or the Secretary for guidance pursuant to the methods discussed below in “Compliance and Contact Details”.
Any material amendment of this Code will be made only by the Board of Directors and will be promptly disclosed as required by law or stock exchange regulation.
XXI. Compliance and Contact Details
1. Confidential Advice
If you think that an actual or possible violation has occurred, it is important to report your concerns immediately. If you do not feel comfortable discussing the matter with your supervisor, manager or human resources, please contact the Secretary at [ ].
The Company strives to ensure that all questions or concerns are handled fairly, discreetly and thoroughly. You may choose to remain anonymous.
2. Employee Reporting
The Company proactively promotes ethical behavior and encourages employees, officers and directors promptly to report evidence of illegal or unethical behavior, or violations of this Code to the Secretary (at [ ]) or for issues involving officers and directors to the Chief Executive Officer (at [ ]) or the Chairman of the Audit Committee (at [ ]). You may choose to remain anonymous in reporting any possible violation of this Code.
Once a report is made and received, the Company will investigate promptly and all employees, officers and directors are expected to cooperate candidly with relevant investigatory procedures. Appropriate remedial action may be taken, based on the outcome of such investigation.
The Company has a no-tolerance policy for retaliation against persons who raise good faith compliance, ethics or related issues. However, it is unacceptable to file a report knowing it to be false.
3. Waiver
Any waiver of this Code for any executive officer or director will be made only by the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee and will be promptly disclosed as required by law or stock exchange regulation.
Exhibit 21.1
Subsidiaries of ALFI, Inc. |
Name of Subsidiary | Jurisdiction of Incorporation |
LECTREFY (N.I.) LTD | Northern Ireland |
Exhibit 23.1
February 9, 2021
Alfi, Inc. and Subsidiaries
S-1 Consent
We have reviewed and audited, as applicable, components of the Alfi, Inc. and Subsidiaries Form S-1 dated February 9, 2021.
This letter provides consent to Alfi, Inc., from our firm, to proceed in filing Form S-1.
Please contact us directly with any questions.
Sincerely,
Slack & Company CPAs LLC
Exhibit 99.1
CHARTER OF THE AUDIT COMMITTEE OF ALFI, INC.
Membership
The Audit Committee (the "Committee") of the board of directors (the "Board") of Alfi, Inc. (the "Company") shall consist of three or more directors. Each member of the Committee shall be independent in accordance with the requirements of Rule 10A-3 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the rules of the Nasdaq Stock Market. No member of the Committee can have participated in the preparation of the Company's or any of its subsidiaries' financial statements at any time during the past three years.
Each member of the Committee must be able to read and understand fundamental financial statements, including the Company's balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement. At least one member of the Committee must have past employment experience in finance or accounting, requisite professional certification in accounting or other comparable experience or background that leads to financial sophistication. At least one member of the Committee must be an "audit committee financial expert" as defined in Item 407(d)(5)(ii) of Regulation S-K. A person who satisfies this definition of audit committee financial expert will also be presumed to have financial sophistication.
No member of the Committee may serve simultaneously on the audit committee of more than two other public companies without prior approval of the Board. In addition, the chairman of the Committee may not serve simultaneously on the audit committee of more than one other public company.
The members of the Committee shall be appointed by the Board based on recommendations from the nominating and corporate governance committee of the Board. The members of the Committee shall serve for such term or terms as the Board may determine or until earlier resignation or death. The Board may remove any member from the Committee at any time with or without cause.
Purpose
The purpose of the Committee is to oversee the Company's accounting and financial reporting processes and the audit of the Company's financial statements.
The primary role of the Committee is to oversee the financial reporting and disclosure process. To fulfill this obligation, the Committee relies on: management for the preparation and accuracy of the Company's financial statements; both management and the Company's internal audit department/management for establishing effective internal controls and procedures to ensure the Company's compliance with accounting standards, financial reporting procedures and applicable laws and regulations; and the Company's independent auditors for an unbiased, diligent audit or review, as applicable, of the Company's financial statements and the effectiveness of the Company's internal controls. The members of the Committee are not employees of the Company and are not responsible for conducting the audit or performing other accounting procedures.
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Duties and Responsibilities
The Committee shall have the following authority and responsibilities:
To (1) select and retain an independent registered public accounting firm to act as the Company's independent auditors for the purpose of auditing the Company's annual financial statements, books, records, accounts and internal controls over financial reporting, subject to ratification by the Company's stockholders of the selection of the independent auditors, (2) set the compensation of the Company's independent auditors, (3) oversee the work done by the Company's independent auditors and (4) terminate the Company's independent auditors, if necessary.
To select, retain, compensate, oversee and terminate, if necessary, any other registered public accounting firm engaged for the purpose of preparing or issuing an audit report or performing other audit, review or attest services for the Company.
To approve all audit engagement fees and terms; and to pre-approve all audit and permitted non-audit and tax services that may be provided by the Company's independent auditors or other registered public accounting firms, and establish policies and procedures for the Committee's pre-approval of permitted services by the Company's independent auditors or other registered public accounting firms on an on-going basis.
At least annually, to obtain and review a report by the Company's independent auditors that describes (1) the accounting firm's internal quality control procedures, (2) any issues raised by the most recent internal quality control review, peer review or Public Company Accounting Oversight Board review or inspection of the firm or by any other inquiry or investigation by governmental or professional authorities in the past five years regarding one or more audits carried out by the firm and any steps taken to deal with any such issues, and (3) all relationships between the firm and the Company or any of its subsidiaries; and to discuss with the independent auditors this report and any relationships or services that may impact the objectivity and independence of the auditors.
At least annually, to evaluate the qualifications, performance and independence of the Company's independent auditors, including an evaluation of the lead audit partner; and to assure the regular rotation of the lead audit partner at the Company's independent auditors and consider regular rotation of the accounting firm serving as the Company's independent auditors.
To review and discuss with the Company's independent auditors (1) the auditors' responsibilities under generally accepted auditing standards and the responsibilities of management in the audit process, (2) the overall audit strategy, (3) the scope and timing of the annual audit, (4) any significant risks identified during the auditors' risk assessment procedures and (5) when completed, the results, including significant findings, of the annual audit.
To review and discuss with the Company's independent auditors (1) all critical accounting policies and practices to be used in the audit; (2) all alternative treatments of financial information within generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") that have been discussed with management, the ramifications of the use of such alternative treatments and the treatment preferred by the auditors; and (3) other material written communications between the auditors and management.
To review and discuss with the Company's independent auditors and management (1) any audit problems or difficulties, including difficulties encountered by the Company's independent auditors during their audit work (such as restrictions on the scope of their activities or their access to information), (2) any significant disagreements with management and (3) management's response to these problems, difficulties or disagreements; and to resolve any disagreements between the Company's auditors and management.
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To review with management and the Company's independent auditors: any major issues regarding accounting principles and financial statement presentation, including any significant changes in the Company's selection or application of accounting principles; any significant financial reporting issues and judgments made in connection with the preparation of the Company's financial statements, including the effects of alternative GAAP methods; and the effect of regulatory and accounting initiatives and off-balance sheet structures on the Company's financial statements.
To keep the Company's independent auditors informed of the Committee's understanding of the Company's relationships and transactions with related parties that are significant to the company; and to review and discuss with the Company's independent auditors the auditors' evaluation of the Company's identification of, accounting for, and disclosure of its relationships and transactions with related parties, including any significant matters arising from the audit regarding the Company's relationships and transactions with related parties.
To review with management and the Company's independent auditors the adequacy and effectiveness of the Company's financial reporting processes, internal control over financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures, including any significant deficiencies or material weaknesses in the design or operation of, and any material changes in, the Company's processes, controls and procedures and any special audit steps adopted in light of any material control deficiencies, and any fraud involving management or other employees with a significant role in such processes, controls and procedures, and review and discuss with management and the Company's independent auditors disclosure relating to the Company's financial reporting processes, internal control over financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures, the independent auditors' report on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting and the required management certifications to be included in or attached as exhibits to the Company's annual report on Form 10-K or quarterly report on Form 10-Q, as applicable.
To review and discuss with the Company's independent auditors any other matters required to be discussed by PCAOB Auditing Standards No. 1301, Communications with Audit Committees, including, without limitation, the auditors' evaluation of the quality of the company's financial reporting, information relating to significant unusual transactions and the business rationale for such transactions and the auditors' evaluation of the company's ability to continue as a going concern, and other applicable requirements of the PCAOB and the SEC.
To review and discuss with the Company's independent auditors and management the Company's annual audited financial statements (including the related notes), the form of audit opinion to be issued by the auditors on the financial statements and the disclosure under "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" to be included in the Company's annual report on Form 10-K before the Form 10-K is filed.
To recommend to the Board that the audited financial statements and the MD&A section be included in the Company's Form 10-K and whether the Form 10-K should be filed with the SEC; and to produce the audit committee report required to be included in the Company's proxy statement.
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To review and discuss with the Company's independent auditors and management the Company's quarterly financial statements and the disclosure under "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" to be included in the Company's quarterly report on Form 10-Q before the Form 10-Q is filed; and to review and discuss the Form 10-Q for filing with the SEC.
To review, discuss with the Company's independent auditors, and approve the functions of the Company's internal audit department, including its purpose, authority, organization, responsibilities, budget and staffing; to review the scope and performance of the department's internal audit plan, including the results of any internal audits, any reports to management and management's response to those reports; and to review and approve the hiring or dismissal of the Chief Financial Officer.
To review and discuss with management and the Company's independent auditors: the Company's earnings press releases, including the type of information to be included and its presentation and the use of any pro forma, adjusted or other non-GAAP financial information, before their release to the public; and any financial information and earnings guidance provided to analysts and ratings agencies, including the type of information to be disclosed and type of presentation to be made.
To set Company hiring policies for employees or former employees of the Company's independent auditors.
To establish and oversee procedures for the receipt, retention and treatment of complaints received by the Company regarding accounting, internal accounting controls or auditing matters and the confidential, anonymous submission by Company employees of concerns regarding questionable accounting or auditing matters.
To review and discuss with management and the internal audit department the risks faced by the Company and the policies, guidelines and process by which management assesses and manages the Company's risks, including the Company's major financial risk exposures and the steps management has taken to monitor and control such exposures.
To review the Company's compliance with applicable laws and regulations and to review and oversee the Company's policies, procedures and programs designed to promote and monitor legal, ethical and regulatory compliance; and to review and approve the hiring or dismissal of the General Counsel.
To review, with the General Counsel and outside legal counsel, legal and regulatory matters, including legal cases against or regulatory investigations of the Company and its subsidiaries, that could have a significant impact on the Company's financial statements.
To review, approve and oversee any transaction between the Company and any related person (as defined in Item 404 of Regulation S-K) and any other potential conflict of interest situations on an ongoing basis, in accordance with Company policies and procedures.
Outside Advisors
The Committee shall have the authority, in its sole discretion, to retain and obtain the advice and assistance of independent outside counsel and such other advisors as it deems necessary to fulfill its duties and responsibilities under this Charter. The Committee shall set the compensation, and oversee the work, of any outside counsel and other advisors.
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The Committee shall receive appropriate funding from the Company, as determined by the Committee in its capacity as a committee of the Board, for the payment of compensation to the Company's independent auditors, any other accounting firm engaged to perform services for the Company, any outside counsel and any other advisors to the Committee.
Structure and Operations
The Board shall designate a member of the Committee as the chairperson. The Committee shall meet at least four times a year at such times and places as it deems necessary to fulfill its responsibilities. The Committee shall report regularly to the Board on its discussions and actions, including any significant issues or concerns that arise at its meetings, and shall make recommendations to the Board as appropriate. The Committee is governed by the same rules regarding meetings (including meetings in person or by telephone or other similar communications equipment), action without meetings, notice, waiver of notice, and quorum and voting requirements as are applicable to the Board.
The Committee shall meet separately, and periodically, with management, members of the Company's internal audit department/the personnel primarily responsible for the design and implementation of the Company's internal audit department and representatives of the Company's independent auditors, and shall invite such individuals to its meetings as it deems appropriate, to assist in carrying out its duties and responsibilities. However, the Committee shall meet regularly without such individuals present.
The Committee shall review this Charter at least annually and recommend any proposed changes to the Board for approval.
Delegation of Authority
The Committee shall have the authority to delegate any of its responsibilities, along with the authority to take action in relation to such responsibilities, to one or more subcommittees as the Committee may deem appropriate in its sole discretion.
Performance Evaluation
The Committee shall conduct an annual evaluation of the performance of its duties under this Charter and shall present the results of the evaluation to the Board. The Committee shall conduct this evaluation in such manner as it deems appropriate.
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Exhibit 99.2
CHARTER OF THE COMPENSATION COMMITTEE OF ALFI, INC.
Membership
The Compensation Committee (the "Committee") of the board of directors (the "Board") of Alfi, Inc. (the "Company") shall consist of three or more directors. Each member of the Committee shall be independent in accordance with the rules of the Nasdaq Stock Market for members of the Committee.
Each member of the Committee must qualify as "non-employee directors" for the purposes of Rule 16b-3 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act").
The members of the Committee shall be appointed by the Board based on recommendations from the nominating and corporate governance committee of the Board. The members of the Committee shall serve for such term or terms as the Board may determine or until earlier resignation or death. The Board may remove any member from the Committee at any time with or without cause.
Purpose
The purpose of the Committee is to carry out the responsibilities delegated by the Board relating to the review and determination of executive compensation.
Duties and Responsibilities
The Committee shall have the following authority and responsibilities:
To review and approve annually the corporate goals and objectives applicable to the compensation of the chief executive officer ("CEO"), evaluate at least annually the CEO's performance in light of those goals and objectives, and determine and approve the CEO's compensation level based on this evaluation. In evaluating and determining CEO compensation, after the Company is no longer an emerging growth company, the Committee shall consider the results of the most recent stockholder advisory vote on executive compensation ("Say on Pay Vote") required by Section 14A of the Exchange Act. The CEO cannot be present during any voting or deliberations by the Committee on his or her compensation.
To review and approve the compensation of all other executive officers. In evaluating and determining executive compensation, the Committee shall consider the results of the most recent Say on Pay Vote.
To review, approve and, when appropriate, recommend to the Board for approval, incentive compensation plans and equity-based plans, and where appropriate or required, recommend for approval by the stockholders of the Company, which includes the ability to adopt, amend and terminate such plans. The Committee shall also have the authority to administer the Company's incentive compensation plans and equity-based plans, including designation of the employees to whom the awards are to be granted, the amount of the award or equity to be granted and the terms and conditions applicable to each award or grant, subject to the provisions of each plan. In reviewing and approving incentive compensation plans and equity-based plans, including whether to adopt, amend or terminate any such plans, the Committee shall consider the results of the most recent Say on Pay Vote.
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To review and discuss with management the Company's Compensation Discussion and Analysis ("CD&A") and the related executive compensation information, recommend that the CD&A and related executive compensation information be included in the Company's annual report on Form 10-K and proxy statement, and produce the compensation committee report on executive officer compensation required to be included in the Company's proxy statement or annual report on Form 10-K.
To review, and make recommendations to the Board regarding, any employment agreements and any severance arrangements or plans, including any benefits to be provided in connection with a change in control, for the CEO and other executive officers, which includes the ability to adopt, amend and terminate such agreements, arrangements or plans.
To determine stock ownership guidelines for the CEO and other executive officers and monitor compliance with such guidelines.
To review the Company's incentive compensation arrangements to determine whether they encourage excessive risk-taking, to review and discuss at least annually the relationship between risk management policies and practices and compensation, and to evaluate compensation policies and practices that could mitigate any such risk.
Once the Company is no longer an emerging growth company, to review and recommend to the Board for approval the frequency with which the Company will conduct Say on Pay Votes, taking into account the results of the most recent stockholder advisory vote on frequency of Say on Pay Votes required by Section 14A of the Exchange Act, and review and approve the proposals regarding the Say on Pay Vote and the frequency of the Say on Pay Vote to be included in the Company's proxy statement.
To review all director compensation and benefits for service on the Board and Board committees at least once a year and to recommend any changes to the Board as necessary.
To oversee, in conjunction with the Board, engagement with stockholders and proxy advisory firms on executive compensation matters.
Outside Advisors
The Committee shall have the authority, in its sole discretion, to select, retain and obtain the advice of a compensation consultant as necessary to assist with the execution of its duties and responsibilities as set forth in this Charter. The Committee shall set the compensation, and oversee the work, of the compensation consultant. The Committee shall have the authority, in its sole discretion, to retain and obtain the advice and assistance of outside legal counsel and such other advisors as it deems necessary to fulfill its duties and responsibilities under this Charter. The Committee shall set the compensation, and oversee the work, of its outside legal counsel and other advisors. The Committee shall receive appropriate funding from the Company, as determined by the Committee in its capacity as a committee of the Board, for the payment of compensation to its compensation consultants, outside legal counsel and any other advisors. However, the Committee shall not be required to implement or act consistently with the advice or recommendations of its compensation consultant, legal counsel or other advisor to the compensation committee, and the authority granted in this Charter shall not affect the ability or obligation of the Committee to exercise its own judgment in fulfillment of its duties under this Charter.
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In retaining or seeking advice from compensation consultants, outside counsel and other advisors (other than the Company's in-house counsel), the Committee must take into consideration the factors specified in Nasdaq Listing Rule 5605(a)(2). The Committee may retain, or receive advice from, any compensation advisor they prefer, including ones that are not independent, after considering the specified factors. The Committee is not required to assess the independence of any compensation consultant or other advisor that acts in a role limited to consulting on any broad-based plan that does not discriminate in scope, terms or operation in favor of executive officers or directors and that is generally available to all salaried employees or providing information that is not customized for a particular company or that is customized based on parameters that are not developed by the consultant or advisor, and about which the consultant or advisor does not provide advice.
The Committee shall evaluate whether any compensation consultant retained or to be retained by it has any conflict of interest in accordance with Item 407(e)(3)(iv) of Regulation S-K. Any compensation consultant retained by the Committee to assist with its responsibilities relating to executive compensation or director compensation shall not be retained by the Company for any compensation or other human resource matters.
Structure and Operations
The Board shall designate a member of the Committee as the chairperson. The Committee shall meet at least four times a year at such times and places as it deems necessary to fulfill its responsibilities. The Committee shall report regularly to the Board regarding its actions and make recommendations to the Board as appropriate. The Committee is governed by the same rules regarding meetings (including meetings in person or by telephone or other similar communications equipment), action without meetings, notice, waiver of notice, and quorum and voting requirements as are applicable to the Board.
The Committee may invite such members of management to its meetings as it deems appropriate. However, the Committee shall meet regularly without such members present, and in all cases the CEO and any other such officers shall not be present at meetings at which their compensation or performance is discussed or determined.
The Committee shall review this Charter at least annually and recommend any proposed changes to the Board for approval.
Delegation of Authority
The Committee shall have the authority to delegate any of its responsibilities, along with the authority to take action in relation to such responsibilities, to one or more subcommittees as the Committee may deem appropriate in its sole discretion.
Performance Evaluation
The Committee shall conduct an annual evaluation of the performance of its duties under this charter and shall present the results of the evaluation to the Board. The Committee shall conduct this evaluation in such manner as it deems appropriate.
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Exhibit 99.3
CHARTER OF THE NOMINATING AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE COMMITTEE OF ALFI, INC.
Membership
The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee (the "Committee") of the board of directors (the "Board") of Alfi, Inc. (the "Company") shall consist of three or more directors. Each member of the Committee shall be independent in accordance with the rules of the Nasdaq Stock Market for members of the Committee.
The members of the Committee shall be appointed by the Board. The members of the Committee shall serve for such term or terms as the Board may determine or until earlier resignation or death. The Board may remove any member from the Committee at any time with or without cause.
Purpose
The purpose of the Committee is to carry out the responsibilities delegated by the Board relating to the Company's director nominations process and procedures, developing and maintaining the Company's corporate governance policies and any related matters required by the federal securities laws.
Duties and Responsibilities
The Committee shall have the following authority and responsibilities:
To determine the qualifications, qualities, skills, and other expertise required to be a director and to develop, and recommend to the Board for its approval, criteria to be considered in selecting nominees for director (the "Director Criteria").
To identify and screen individuals qualified to become members of the Board, consistent with the Director Criteria. The Committee shall consider any director candidates recommended by the Company's stockholders pursuant to the procedures set forth in the Company's Corporate Governance Guidelines and described in the Company's proxy statement. The Committee shall also consider any nominations of director candidates validly made by stockholders in accordance with applicable laws, rules and regulations and the provisions of the Company's charter documents.
To make recommendations to the Board regarding the selection and approval of the nominees for director to be submitted to a stockholder vote at the annual meeting of stockholders, subject to approval by the Board.
To develop and recommend to the Board a set of corporate governance guidelines applicable to the Company, to review these principles at least once a year and to recommend any changes to the Board.
To oversee the Company's corporate governance practices and procedures, including identifying best practices and reviewing and recommending to the Board for approval any changes to the documents, policies and procedures in the Company's corporate governance framework, including its certificate of incorporation and by-laws.
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To develop, subject to approval by the Board, a process for an annual evaluation of the Board and its committees and to oversee the conduct of this annual evaluation.
To review the Board's committee structure and composition and to make recommendations to the Board regarding the appointment of directors to serve as members of each committee and committee chairmen annually.
If a vacancy on the Board and/or any Board committee occurs, to identify and make recommendations to the Board regarding the selection and approval of candidates to fill such vacancy either by election by stockholders or appointment by the Board.
To develop and oversee a Company orientation program for new directors and a continuing education program for current directors, periodically review these programs and update them as necessary.
To develop and recommend to the Board for approval a Company policy for the review and approval of related party transactions and to review, approve and oversee any transaction between the Company and any related person (as defined in Item 404 of Regulation S-K) on an ongoing basis in accordance with the Company's related party transaction approval policy once developed and approved.
To develop and recommend to the Board for approval director independence standards in addition to those required by Nasdaq Listing Rules.
To review and discuss with management disclosure of the Company's corporate governance practices, including information regarding the operations of the Committee and other Board committees, director independence and the director nominations process, and to recommend that this disclosure be, included in the Company's proxy statement or annual report on Form 10-K, as applicable.
To develop and recommend to the Board for approval a Company Code of Business Conduct and Ethics (the "Code"), to monitor compliance with the Company's Code.
To develop and recommend to the Board for approval a CEO succession plan (the "Succession Plan"), to review the Succession Plan periodically with the CEO, develop and evaluate potential candidates for CEO and recommend to the Board any changes to and any candidates for succession under the Succession Plan.
To review any director resignation letter tendered in accordance with the Company's director resignation policy, and evaluate and recommend to the Board whether such resignation should be accepted.
Outside Advisors
The Committee shall have the authority, in its sole discretion, to select, retain and obtain the advice of a director search firm as necessary to assist with the execution of its duties and responsibilities as set forth in this Charter. The Committee shall set the compensation and oversee the work of the director search firm. The Committee shall have the authority, in its sole discretion, to retain and obtain the advice and assistance of outside counsel, an executive search firm, a compensation consultant and such other advisors as it deems necessary to fulfill its duties and responsibilities under this Charter. The Committee shall set the compensation and oversee the work of its outside counsel, the executive search firm, the compensation consultant and any other advisors. The Committee shall receive appropriate funding from the Company, as determined by the Committee in its capacity as a committee of the Board, for the payment of compensation to its search consultants, outside counsel, compensation consultant and any other advisors.
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The director search firm, outside counsel, executive search firm, compensation consultant and any other advisors retained by the Committee shall be independent as determined in the discretion of the Committee.
Structure and Operations
The Board shall designate a member of the Committee as the chairperson. The Committee shall meet at least four times a year at such times and places as it deems necessary to fulfill its responsibilities. The Committee shall report regularly to the Board regarding its actions and make recommendations to the Board as appropriate. The Committee is governed by the same rules regarding meetings (including meetings in person or by telephone or other similar communications equipment), action without meetings, notice, waiver of notice, and quorum and voting requirements as are applicable to the Board.
The Committee shall review this Charter at least annually and recommend any proposed changes to the Board for approval.
Delegation of Authority
The Committee shall have the authority to delegate any of its responsibilities, along with the authority to take action in relation to such responsibilities, to one or more subcommittees as the Committee may deem appropriate in its sole discretion.
Performance Evaluation
The Committee shall conduct an annual evaluation of the performance of its duties under this charter and shall present the results of the evaluation to the Board. The Committee shall conduct this evaluation in such manner as it deems appropriate.
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