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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒     Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of The Securities Exchange Act of 1934 for the Quarterly Period ended June 30, 2021

Or

☐     Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of The Securities Exchange Act of 1934 for the transition period

Commission File Number: 000-54717

Bionik Laboratories Corp.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

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483 Bay Street N105, Toronto, Ontario Canada M5G 2C9

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

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Registrant’s telephone number, including area code:

(416) 640-7887 x508

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

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If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to  13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

The number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock as of August 10, 2021 was 5,770,920 shares.

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BIONIK LABORATORIES CORP.

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The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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BIONIK LABORATORIES CORP.

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The useful lives for property and equipment is as follows:

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Foreign Currency Translation

A portion of Bionik’s operations is conducted through operations in countries other than the United States. Since the Company conduct its business in U.S. dollars, the main exposure, if any, results from changes in the exchange rate between the Canadian dollar and the U.S. dollar. Bionik’s functional currency is the U.S. dollar. The Company’s policy is to reduce exposure to exchange rate fluctuations by having most of Bionik’s assets and liabilities, as well as most of Bionik’s revenues and expenditures, in U.S. dollars, or U.S. dollar linked. The Company has not historically engaged in hedging activities relating to its non-U.S. dollar operations. The Company may incur negative foreign currency conversion charges as a result of changes in currency exchange rates.

The remainder of Bionik’s critical accounting policies and the related judgments and estimates affecting the preparation of its condensed consolidated financial statements are included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2021. There have been no other material changes to the Company’s critical accounting policies as of June 30, 2021.

Going Concern

At June 30, 2021, cash and cash equivalents were $0.5 million. At June 30, 2021, the Company had a working capital deficit of $0.4 million and at March 31, 2021, the Company had a working capital deficit of $0.7 million. At June 30, 2021 and March 31, 2021, the Company has accumulated deficits of $85.4 million and $85.0 million, respectively. The Company has incurred a net loss and comprehensive loss for the three months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 of $0.5 million and $2.0 million, respectively.

On July 15, 2021, the Company commenced a refinancing of its existing indebtedness and launched a new secured convertible promissory note offering of up to $10.0 million. Pursuant to the terms of the offering, the Company is offering for sale up to $10.0 million in convertible notes to accredited investors and non-U.S. persons. As a result, the Company issued an aggregate of $8.3 million in principal of convertible notes of which an aggregate of $5.0 million was purchased for cash and the remainder was issued as a result of consolidating existing debt.

The Company’s future funding requirements depend on a number of factors, including the rate of market acceptance of its current and future products and the resources the Company devotes to developing and supporting the same. There is no certainty that the Company will be successful in generating sufficient cash flow from operations or achieving and maintaining profitable operations in the future to enable it to meet its obligations as they come due and consequently continue as a going concern.

The Company will require additional financing to fund its operations and it is currently working on securing additional funding through corporate collaborations, public or private equity offerings or debt financings. Sales of additional equity securities by the Company would result in the dilution of the interests of existing stockholders. There can be no assurance that financing will be available when required. In the event that the necessary additional financing is not obtained, the Company would reduce its discretionary overhead costs substantially or otherwise curtail operations. The Company expects to raise additional funds to meet the Company’s anticipated cash requirements for the next 12 months; however, these conditions raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments to reflect the possible future effects on recoverability and classification of assets or the amounts and classification of liabilities that may result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

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Refer to Note 11--Subsequent Events for more information.

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2.    Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination. The Company does not amortize its goodwill, but instead tests for impairment annually in the fourth quarter and more frequently whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that fair value of the asset may be less than the carrying value of the asset.

Changes to goodwill during the three months ended June 30, 2021 were as follows:

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Intangible assets consist of the following at June 30, 2021 and March 31, 2021:

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Amortization expense for the three months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 was $20,000 and $24,000, respectively. Amortization expense is classified as a component of general and administrative expenses in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.

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3.    Balance Sheet Accounts

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Depreciation expense for the three months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 was $9,000 and $18,000, respectively.

The Company provides a one-year warranty as part of its normal sales offering. When products are sold, the Company provides warranty reserves, which, based on the historical experience of the Company are sufficient to cover warranty claims. Accrued warranty costs are included in accrued liabilities on the condensed consolidated interim balance sheets and amounted to $29,000 at June 30, 2021 and $46,000 at March 31, 2021.

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4.    Inventories

Bionik states all inventories at the lower of cost or net realizable value, determined on a first-in, first-out method. Inventory includes finished goods at actual costs from its outsourced manufacturing partners as well as work-in-process for goods that are in the manufacturing process.

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5.    Demand Loans & PPP Loans

Convertible Loans Payable

During the three months ended June 30, 2020, the Company received $1.3 million, In addition to $0.1 million previously loaned to the Company, pursuant to a $7.0 million convertible note offering (the "2020 Convertible Note Offering"). The convertible notes issued in the 2020 Convertible Note Offering (the "2020 Convertible Notes") bear interest at a fixed rate at 1%

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per month. The 2020 Convertible Notes were converted into common stock of the Company at March 31, 2021 in accordance with the terms of the 2020 Convertible Note Offering.

In the event the Company raises capital through the sale of common stock for cash during the period ending on the three year anniversary of the issuance date of the 2020 Convertible Notes, and the price per share thereof (the “Offering Price”) minus 20% is less than the original conversion price, then in such event the Company shall issue to all Convertible Noteholders at, at no further cost, additional shares of common stock equal to the number of conversion shares the holders would have received upon conversion if the conversion price equaled to a 20% discount to the Offering Price, less the number of conversion shares actually issued on or as of the maturity date of the 2020 Convertible Notes. Since the Company has adopted ASU 2017-11, the anti-dilution protection clause does not contribute to the conversion feature to be a derivative liability.

Interest expense associated with the 2020 Convertible Notes for the three months ended June 30, 2020, was $16,000

See Note 11—Subsequent Events for information on the consolidation of this indebtedness into the Company’s new convertible promissory note offering.

Shareholder loan

On March 23, 2020, the Company received a $2.0 million loan from an existing shareholder. The promissory note evidencing the loan bears interest at a fixed rate of 1% per month and has a maturity date of the earlier of (i) March 31, 2022 and (ii) the date of receipt of a minimum of $5.0 million from a “Subsequent Financing.” The accrued interest shall be payable in cash commencing on March 31, 2021 with the quarterly payments accrued for the first three payment dates (3-month, 6-month and 9-month anniversaries of the issue date), and then quarterly thereafter. The remaining half of the interest accrued will be paid upon the maturity date. The loan is repayable or convertible to common shares at the loan holder’s option on March 31, 2022 at a price per share equal to the price per share of the Company’s then most recent capital raise or debt conversion, or any other valuation as agreed in writing between the loan holder and the Company.

On February 24, 2021, and in addition to the shareholder loan above, the Company entered into a term loan and security agreement dated February 12, 2021 where Bionik may borrow up to $3.0 million from lenders from time to time. Pursuant to the terms of the agreement, the loan bears interest at a fixed rate of 1% per month. The principal amount and interest on the loan will be due and payable on the earlier of (i) February 12, 2023 and (ii) the date of receipt by the Company of a minimum of $3.0 million in equity. During the three months ended June 30, 2021, the Company received term loan proceeds totaling $0.6 million. As of June 30, 2021, the Company has received $1.6 million against this term loan.

Interest expense associated with these loans for the three months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 was $0.1 million for each such periods. Interest payable associated with these loans at June 30, 2021 and March 31, 2021 was $0.3 million for each such periods.

See Note 11--Subsequent Events, for information on the consolidation of this indebtedness into the Company’s new convertible promissory note offering.

Paycheck Protection Program Loan

In May 2020, the Company signed a promissory note for $0.5 million pursuant to the federal Paycheck Protection Program under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act, which is administered by the U.S. Small Business Administration. The loan is unsecured, bears interest of 1% per annum and a deferment period of 6 months. The loan is to be used primarily for payroll related costs, lease, and utility payments. The Company has applied for forgiveness and as such forgiveness was granted in May 2021. The extinguishment of the PPP loan is recorded in the statement of operations as other income.

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6.    Stockholders’ Equity

As approved by the stockholders of the Company at the annual meeting of stockholders held on October 5, 2020, the Company filed a certificate of amendment to its Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended with the Secretary of State of Delaware to decrease the authorized number of shares of (i) common stock of the Company from 500,000,000 to 13,000,000 and (ii) preferred stock of the Company from 10,000,000 to 5,000,000.

With the 2020 Convertible Notes, as discussed in Note 5 above, and pursuant to the terms of the 2020 Convertible Notes, the principal and interest of $1.7 million converted into 181,463 shares of the Company's common stock which were issued to the noteholders. The Company also issued shares in lieu of certain liabilities that it owed of which 262,125 shares of Bionik's common stock were issued in lieu of paying $0.7 million in director fees to its board of directors and 135,560 shares of common stock were issued for consideration consisting of the forgiveness and satisfaction of an aggregate of $0.3 million of deferred salary and bonus liabilities to two of its executives.

Special Voting Preferred Share

In February 2015, the Company entered into a voting and exchange trust agreement (the “Trust Agreement”). Pursuant to the Trust Agreement, the Company issued one Special Voting Preferred Share to a Trustee, and the parties created a trust for the Trustee to hold the Special Voting Preferred Share for the benefit of the holders of the Exchangeable Shares of a subsidiary of the Company. The Special Voting Preferred Share entitles the Trustee to exercise the number of votes equal to the number of Exchangeable Shares outstanding on a one-for-one basis during the term of the Trust Agreement. The Special Voting Preferred Share is not entitled to receive any dividends or to receive any assets of the Company upon liquidation and is not convertible into shares of common stock of the Company. The voting rights of the Special Voting Preferred Share will terminate pursuant to and in accordance with the Trust Agreement and the Special Voting Preferred Share will be automatically cancelled.

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7.    Stock-Based Compensation

Total stock-based compensation expense for the three months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 was $0.1 million and $0.4 million, respectively.

Bionik did not grant any stock options during the three months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020. Stock options granted to employees or non-employees typically vest over a 1 to 5 year period.

Performance Based Units (“PSUs”) granted to employees vest annually based on time and continued performance and the achievement of performance goals as determined by the board of directors.

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The Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to determine the estimated grant date fair values for stock-based awards. The Black-Scholes option pricing model requires the input of various subjective assumptions, including the option’s expected life and the price volatility of the underlying stock. The Company’s assumptions do not include an estimated forfeiture rate.

Option-pricing models require the input of various subjective assumptions, including the option’s expected life and the price volatility of the underlying stock. As it relates to grants previously issued, Bionik’s estimated expected stock price volatility is based on past grants that have been made. Bionik’s expected term of options granted was derived from looking at the Company’s exercise history of its awards granted. The risk-free rate for the expected term of the options is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of the grant.

As of June 30, 2021, the total unrecognized compensation cost related to outstanding stock options and PSUs expected to vest was $0.4 million, which the Company expects to recognize over a weighted-average period of 1.52 years.

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8.    Warrants

The following is a continuity schedule of the Company’s common share purchase warrants:

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The following is a summary of common share purchase warrants outstanding as of June 30, 2021.

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The weighted-average remaining contractual term of the outstanding warrants was 1.07 years.

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9.    Commitments and Contingencies

Contingencies

From time to time, the Company may be involved in a variety of claims, suits, investigations and proceedings arising in the ordinary course of our business, collections claims, breach of contract claims, labor and employment claims, tax and other matters. Although claims, suits, investigations and proceedings are inherently uncertain and their results cannot be predicted with certainty, the Company believes that the resolution of current pending matters will not have a material adverse effect on its business, financial position, results of operations or cash flow. Regardless of the outcome, litigation can have an adverse impact on the Company because of legal costs, diversion of management resources and other factors.

Commitments

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10.  Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Accounting Standards Update 2020-06—Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity: simplifies accounting for convertible instruments by removing major separation models required under current U.S. GAAP. Consequently, more convertible debt instruments will be reported as a single liability instrument and more convertible preferred stock as a single equity instrument with no separate accounting for embedded conversion features. The ASU removes certain settlement conditions that are required for equity contracts to qualify for the derivative scope exception, which will permit more equity contracts to qualify for it. The ASU also simplifies the diluted earnings per share (EPS) calculation in certain areas. The amendments in this Update are effective for public business entities that meet the definition of an SEC filer, excluding entities eligible to be smaller reporting companies as defined by the SEC, for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, including interim periods within those fiscal years. For all other entities, the amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, but no earlier than fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of ASU 2020-06 will have on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12 - Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes, an authoritative guidance that simplifies the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions and making simplifications in other areas. It is effective from the first quarter of fiscal year 2022, with early adoption permitted in any interim period. If adopted early, the Company must adopt all the amendments in the same period. The amendments have differing adoption methods including retrospectively, prospectively and/or modified retrospective basis through a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption, depending on the specific change. The Company does not anticipate the new guidance will have a material impact on the consolidated balance sheet and consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss.

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11.  Subsequent Events

On July 15, 2021, the Company commenced a refinancing of its existing indebtedness and launched a new secured convertible promissory note offering of up to $10.0 million (the “2021 Offering”). Pursuant to the terms of the 2021 Offering, the Company is offering for sale up to $10.0 million in convertible promissory notes (the “2021 Notes”) to accredited investors and non-U.S. persons. As a result, the Company issued an aggregate of $8.3 million in principal of 2021 Notes of which an aggregate of $5.0 million was purchased for cash and the remainder was issued as a result of consolidating existing debt.

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Under the Company’s existing term loan and security agreement as well as the existing shareholder loan as mentioned above, a portion of the outstanding principal and unpaid interest were used as consideration to acquire new 2021 Notes in the 2021 Offering and, as a result and with the option exercises described below, the term loan agreement and the existing shareholder loan were deemed paid in full and terminated. Accordingly, an aggregate of $1.1 million in outstanding principal and accrued unpaid interest under the term loan agreement was used to purchase a like amount of 2021 Notes in the 2021 Offering and an aggregate of $2.2 million in outstanding principal and accrued and unpaid interest under the shareholder loan was used to purchase a like amount of 2021 Notes in the 2021 Offering. The remaining $0.6 million of the outstanding principal and accrued and unpaid interest under the term loan agreement was applied towards the purchase price to exercise outstanding options of the debtholders.

Pursuant to the terms of the 2021 Offering, the Company issued an aggregate of $5.0 million in principal of additional 2021 Notes, which was purchased for cash. The Company intends to use the net cash proceeds from the 2021 Offering for the Company’s working capital requirements. The 2021 Notes bear interest at a fixed rate of 1% per month, computed based on a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months and will be payable, along with the principal amount, on the earlier of (the “Maturity Date”): (a) March 31, 2022 and (b) the consummation of the 2021 Offering, provided that the Company raises in one or more tranches aggregate gross proceeds of no less than $10,000,000.

The 2021 Note will be convertible either on the Maturity Date without any action on the part of the Lender into shares of common stock at a conversion price of $9.50 per share (the “Conversion Price”), or upon a change of control transaction prior to the Maturity Date at the election of the holders of a majority of the outstanding principal of the 2021 Notes under the 2021 Offering, be either (i) payable upon demand as of the closing of such change of control transaction or (ii) convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock immediately prior to such change of control transaction at a price per share equal to the lesser of (x) the Conversion Price, or (y) the per share consideration to be received by the holders of the common stock in such change of control transaction.

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Company Overview

Bionik Laboratories Corp. is a healthcare company focused on improving the quality of life of millions of people with neurological or mobility impairments by combining artificial intelligence and innovative robotics technology and data solutions to help individuals from hospital to home to regain mobility, enhance autonomy, and regain self- esteem.

The Company uses artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies to make rehabilitation methods and processes smarter and more intuitive to deliver greater recovery for patients with neurological or mobility impairments. These technologies allow large amounts of data to be collected and processed in real-time, enabling appropriately challenging and individualized therapy during every treatment session. This is the foundation of the InMotion^® therapy. The Company's rehabilitation therapy robots are built on an artificial intelligence platform, measuring the position, the speed, and the acceleration of the patients' arm 200 times per second. The artificial intelligence platform is designed to adapt in real time to the patient's needs and progress while providing quantifiable feedback of a patient's progress and performance, in a way that the Company believes a trained clinician cannot.

Based on this foundational work, the Company has a portfolio of products and solutions focused on upper extremity rehabilitation for stroke and other mobility-impaired individuals, including InMotion robots currently in the market. Additionally, we launched our new software platform, InMotion Connect^TM is providing the ability for hospital management to access remotely to management dashboards presenting the utilization data of each of their InMotion robotic devices and their robotic devices productivity. Customized reporting capabilities in the platform focus on facility and organization measurement dashboards to support effective decision making for clinicians and for hospital management.

Currently, we receive revenues from the sale of our InMotion robots to our customers both in the U.S. and internationally. We also record revenues associated with our extended warranties that customers will purchase with the sale of our InMotion robots as well as from the sale of the InMotion Connect hardware and the subscription fees associated with the utilization of the InMotion Connect solution.

We currently sell our products directly or can introduce customers to a third-party finance company to lease at a monthly fee over the term or other fee structure for our products to hospitals, clinics, distribution companies and/or buying groups that supply those rehabilitation facilities.

Our strategic business focus is on the following key areas:

We believe our business provides a platform for growth. We continue to make investments in our enhancements of our existing products and the future development of new products.

We currently hold an intellectual property portfolio that includes 5 U.S. patents and 1 U.S. patent pending, 5 of which are pending internationally, as well as other patents under development. We may file provisional patents from time to time, which may expire if we do not pursue full patents within 12 months of the filing date. Two provisional patents have recently been converted into full patents, pertaining to Bionik's InMotion Home^TM, and InMotion Connect^TM platform, each of which has been filed as a full patent prior to the 12-month provisional deadline. The provisional patents may not be filed as full patents and new provisional patents may be filed as the technology changes. Additionally, we hold exclusive licenses to three additional patents.

Business Developments

In December 2018, we entered into a Sale of Goods Agreement (the "Agreement") with CHC Management Services, LLC, or Kindred, pursuant to which, among other things, Kindred agreed to purchase from us our InMotion^® ARM Interactive Therapy Systems - a minimum of one for each of Kindred's existing and soon-to-open affiliated inpatient rehabilitation hospitals and similar

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facilities described in the Agreement, and in a second phase a minimum of one InMotion^® ARM Interactive Therapy System for each future inpatient rehabilitation facilities of Kindred, during the four-year minimum term of the Agreement.

In June 2020, we launched our InMotion Connect platform, which consists of a hardware device connected to the InMotion Robot as well as a subscription to InMotion Connect Pulse. This platform provides anonymized data allowing us to focus activity to increase adoption and utilization of InMotion robotic technologies across healthcare systems.

During 2021, we implemented a machine learning prototype predictive model for the classification of the level of responsiveness of the InMotion^® therapy outcomes. This solution was developed with Bitstrapped, a Toronto-based data engineering firm specializing in machine learning infrastructure through their partnership with Google Cloud Platform. This prototype enables us to continually train the model on anonymized data collected in real-time with InMotion Connect in rehabilitation facilities and track improvements in performance. This is the first step to a machine learning platform being developed as funds allow.

On July 15, 2021, we commenced a refinancing of our existing indebtedness and launched a new secured convertible promissory note offering of up to $10.0 million. Pursuant to the terms of the offering, we were offering for sale up to $10.0 million in convertible notes to accredited investors and non-U.S. persons. As a result, we issued an aggregate of $8.3 million in principal of convertible notes of which an aggregate of $5.0 million was purchased for cash and the remainder was issued as a result of consolidating existing debt.

Covid-19 Pandemic

As a result of extended shutdowns of businesses around the world due to the COVID-19 pandemic, we have seen a slowdown in our business as most of the capital expenditure programs of the healthcare facilities that make up our customer base have been put on hold or has been significantly curtailed. This, along with our typically long sales cycle, has affected our ability to generate revenues in recent months. As a result, we have taken steps to address the decrease in revenue, as follows:

Effective April 1, 2020, we furloughed nine employees in the United States and temporarily laid-off one employee in Canada. Additionally, our senior management agreed to a salary deferral of between 30-50%. Our remaining employees in the U.S. received base salary reductions of between 30%-50%. In Canada, our remaining employees received a reduction in base salary and hours of 45%. As a result of obtaining the U.S. and Canadian government's programs described below U.S. employees with salaries less than $100,000 annually were returned to full salary and with salaries exceeding $100,000 annually were increased to 75% of their normal base salary. Senior managements salaries were restored in December 2020 until March 2021, when certain senior management salaries were reduced between 30%-50% for 3 months.

On May 6, 2020, our U.S. subsidiary received funding in the original principal amount of $0.5 million pursuant to the federal Paycheck Protection Program under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act, which is administered by the U.S. Small Business Administration. The loan was funded by Bank of America, N.A. pursuant to the terms of a Promissory Note dated as of May 1, 2020. We have used the proceeds from this funding for eligible purposes, including to retain workers and maintain payroll or make mortgage interest payments, lease payments, and utility payments. We applied for forgiveness of this debt with the SBA and as of May 23, 2021, have received forgiveness of the loan and all interest of $0.5 million which is included in other income, net in the condensed consolidated statement of operations.

Our Canada operations secured $37,000 of government financial relief under the Canadian Emergency Wage Subsidy in the three months ended June 30, 2020, which is available monthly until June 2021, which was used to return the salaries of many of our Canadian non-management employees back to their full amount. There was no relief received in the three months ended June 30, 2021.

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The change in total revenues was attributable to a number of factors:

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Total cost of revenues increased $68,000, or 109%, to $0.1 million for the 2021 period, as compared to $63,000 for the 2020 period. The increase was associated selling more units in the 2021 period as compared to the 2020 period as well as selling certain demonstration inventory which has a much lower cost associated with it.

Sales and marketing expenses increased $0.1 million, or 38%, to $0.3 million for the 2021 period, as compared to $0.2 million for the 2020 period. The increase was due to increased commissions of $0.1 million due to the increase of units sold during the 2021 period as compared to the 2020 period.

Research and development expenses decreased $0.2 million, or 53%, to $0.2 million for the 2021 period, as compared to $0.4 million for the 2020 period. The decrease was due to a $0.2 million decrease in payroll and payroll related expenses as our research and development headcount was reduced due to the COVID-19 pandemic.