As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 31, 2023.

Securities Act File No. 333-264145

File No. 814-01512

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

FORM N-2

REGISTRATION STATEMENT

UNDER

THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

  Pre-Effective Amendment No. 3 x
Post-Effective Amendment No. ¨

 

Ares Strategic Income Fund

(Exact name of registrant as specified in charter)

 

245 Park Avenue, 44th Floor 

New York, NY 10167

(212) 750-7300

(Address and telephone number, including area code, of principal executive offices)

 

Joshua M. Bloomstein

General Counsel

Ares Strategic Income Fund

245 Park Avenue, 44th Floor

New York, NY 10167

(Name and address of agent for service)

 

COPIES TO:

 

Monica J. Shilling

Christopher J. Wu

Kirkland & Ellis LLP

2049 Century Park East, 37th Floor

Los Angeles, California 90067

(310) 552-4200

Nicole M. Runyan

Kirkland & Ellis LLP

601 Lexington Avenue

New York, New York 10022

(212) 446-4800

 

Approximate Date of Commencement of Proposed Public Offering: As soon as practicable after the effective date of this Registration Statement.

 

¨Check box if the only securities being registered on this Form are being offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans.

 

xCheck box if any securities being registered on this Form will be offered on a delayed or continuous basis in reliance on Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933 (“Securities Act”), other than securities offered in connection with a dividend reinvestment plan.

 

¨Check box if this Form is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction A.2 or a post-effective amendment thereto.

 

¨Check box if this Form is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction B or a post-effective amendment thereto that will become effective upon filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 462(e) under the Securities Act.

 

¨Check box if this Form is a post-effective amendment to a registration statement filed pursuant to General Instruction B to register additional securities or additional classes of securities pursuant to Rule 413(b) under the Securities Act.

 

It is proposed that this filing will become effective (check appropriate box):

 

¨when declared effective pursuant to Section 8(c) of the Securities Act.

 

If appropriate, check the following box:

 

¨This [post-effective] amendment designates a new effective date for a previously filed [post-effective amendment] [registration statement].

 

¨This Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, and the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering is: .

 

¨This Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, and the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering is: .

 

¨This Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, and the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering is: .

 

Check each box that appropriately characterizes the Registrant:

 

¨Registered Closed-End Fund (closed-end company that is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (“Investment Company Act”)).

 

xBusiness Development Company (closed-end company that intends or has elected to be regulated as a business development company under the Investment Company Act).

 

¨Interval Fund (Registered Closed-End Fund or a Business Development Company that makes periodic repurchase offers under Rule 23c-3 under the Investment Company Act).

 

¨A.2 Qualified (qualified to register securities pursuant to General Instruction A.2 of this Form).

 

¨Well-Known Seasoned Issuer (as defined by Rule 405 under the Securities Act).

 

xEmerging Growth Company (as defined by Rule 12b-2 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Exchange Act”).

 

¨If an Emerging Growth Company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of Securities Act.

 

xNew Registrant (registered or regulated under the Investment Company Act for less than 12 calendar months preceding this filing).

 

The Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the Registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until the Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.

 

 

 

 

 

 

The information in this preliminary prospectus is not complete and may be changed. The securities may not be sold until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This preliminary prospectus is not an offer to sell nor does it seek an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

 

SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED JANUARY 31, 2023

 

Preliminary Prospectus

 

 

Ares Strategic Income Fund

 

Class S, Class D and Class I Shares

 

Maximum Offering of $5,000,000,000

 

Ares Strategic Income Fund is a Delaware statutory trust that seeks to invest primarily in first lien senior secured loans, second lien senior secured loans, subordinated secured and unsecured loans, subordinated debt, and other types of credit instruments made to or issued by U.S. middle-market companies, which we generally define as companies with annual net income before net interest expense, income tax expense, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”) between $10 million and $250 million. We expect that a majority of our investments will be in directly originated loans. For cash management and other purposes, we also intend to invest in broadly syndicated loans and other more liquid credit investments, including in publicly traded debt instruments and other instruments that are not directly originated. Our investment objective is to generate current income and, to a lesser extent, long-term capital appreciation. Throughout the prospectus, we refer to Ares Strategic Income Fund as the “Fund,” “we,” “us” or “our.”

 

We are a closed-end management investment company organized as a Delaware statutory trust. We have elected to be regulated as a business development company (“BDC”) under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”). We are externally managed by our adviser, Ares Capital Management LLC (the “investment adviser”). Our investment adviser is a subsidiary of Ares Management Corporation (“Ares” or “Ares Management”), a publicly traded, leading global alternative investment manager. Ares Operations LLC, a subsidiary of Ares, provides certain administrative and other services necessary for us to operate. We intend to elect to be treated for federal income tax purposes, and intend to qualify annually thereafter, as a regulated investment company under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

 

We are offering on a continuous basis up to $5,000,000,000 of our common shares of beneficial interest, including Class S shares, Class D shares and Class I shares (“Common Shares”). We are offering to sell any combination of three classes of Common Shares, Class S shares, Class D shares and Class I shares, with a dollar value up to the maximum offering amount. The share classes have different ongoing shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees. We have submitted an application to the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for an exemptive order to permit us to offer multiple classes of our Common Shares. Until an exemptive order satisfactory to us and the SEC is granted, we will only offer Class I shares and will not issue Class S or Class D shares. There can be no assurance the SEC will grant us such relief that is acceptable to us and the SEC. The purchase price per share for each class of Common Shares sold in this offering will equal our net asset value (“NAV”) per share, as of the effective date of the monthly share purchase date. This is a “best efforts” offering, which means that Ares Wealth Management Solutions, LLC, the “intermediary manager” for this offering and an affiliate of our investment adviser, will use its best efforts to sell Common Shares in this offering, but is not obligated to purchase or sell any specific amount of shares in this offering. 

 

 

 

 

Investing in our Common Shares involves a high degree of risk. You should purchase these securities only if you can afford the complete loss of your investment. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page 23 of this prospectus. Also consider the following:

 

We have a limited operating history and there is no assurance that we will achieve our investment objective.

 

  We have not identified specific investments that we will make with the proceeds of this offering. As a result, this may be deemed a “blind pool” offering and you will not have the opportunity to evaluate our investments before we make them.

 

You should not expect to be able to sell your Common Shares regardless of how we perform.

 

You should consider that you may not have access to the money you invest for an extended period of time.

 

We do not intend to list our Common Shares on any securities exchange, and we do not expect a secondary market in our Common Shares to develop prior to any listing.

 

Because you may be unable to sell your Common Shares, you will be unable to reduce your exposure in any market downturn.

 

At the discretion of our Board of Trustees and beginning no later than the first full calendar quarter after we hold the first closing in the offering of Common Shares pursuant to this Registration Statement, we intend to commence a share repurchase program in which we intend to offer to repurchase up to 5% of our Common Shares outstanding (either by number of shares or aggregate NAV) in each quarter. In addition, to the extent we offer to repurchase shares in any particular quarter, any such repurchases will be at prices equal to the NAV per share as of the last calendar day of the applicable month designated by our Board of Trustees, except that the Fund deducts 2.00% from such NAV for shares that have not been outstanding for at least one year. Such share repurchase prices may be lower than the price at which you purchase our Common Shares in this offering.

 

  You will bear varying expenses of the Fund, including organization and ongoing offering expenses, unless otherwise advanced by our investment adviser and not repaid by the Fund pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement. These expenses, which are liabilities of the Fund, will reduce the NAV of Common Shares and you will have to receive a total return at least in excess of those expenses to receive an actual return on your investment. You will also bear upfront placement fees or brokerage commissions, depending on the class of Common Shares you purchase and the selling agent through whom you purchase such Common Shares.

 

An investment in our Common Shares is not suitable for you if you need access to the money you invest. See “Suitability Standards” and “Share Repurchase Program.”

 

  An investment in our Common Shares is suitable only for investors with the financial ability and willingness to accept the high risks and lack of liquidity inherent in an investment in our Common Shares.

 

  We cannot guarantee that we will make distributions, and if we do we may fund such distributions from sources other than cash flow from operations, including, without limitation, the sale of assets, borrowings, return of capital or offering proceeds, and we have no limits on the amounts we may pay from such sources. A return of capital is a return of a portion of your original investment in our Common Shares.

  

Distributions may also be funded in significant part, directly or indirectly, from temporary waivers or expense reimbursements borne by our investment adviser or its affiliates that may be subject to reimbursement to our investment adviser or its affiliates. The repayment of any amounts owed to our investment adviser or our affiliates will reduce our NAV and may reduce future distributions to which you would otherwise be entitled.

 

We expect to use leverage, which will magnify the potential for loss on amounts invested in us.

 

We qualify as an “emerging growth company” as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act and we cannot be certain if the reduced disclosure requirements applicable to emerging growth companies will make our Common Shares less attractive to investors.

 

  We make investments that are rated below investment grade by rating agencies or that would be rated below investment grade if instruments they were rated. Bonds that are rated below investment grade are sometimes referred to as “high yield bonds” or “junk bonds.” These unrated and below investment grade instruments have predominantly speculative characteristics with respect to the issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal. They may also be illiquid and difficult to value. We intend to invest significantly in junk bonds. See “Prospectus Summary—Q: What types of investments do you intend to make?”

  

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities regulator has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense. Securities regulators have also not passed upon whether this offering can be sold in compliance with existing or future suitability or conduct standards including the ‘Regulation Best Interest’ standard to any or all purchasers.

 

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The use of forecasts in this offering is prohibited. Any oral or written predictions about the amount or certainty of any cash benefits or tax consequences that may result from an investment in our Common Shares is prohibited. No one is authorized to make any statements about this offering different from those that appear in this prospectus.

 

    Price to the
Public(1)
    Proceeds to
Us, Before
Expenses(2)(3)(4)
 
Maximum Offering   $ 5,000,000,000       Up to $5,000,000,000  
Class S Shares, per Share     $[     ]       $[     ]  
Class D Shares, per Share     $[     ]       $[     ]  
Class I Shares, per Share     $[     ]       $[     ]  

  

 

(1) Shares of each class of our Common Shares will be offered on a monthly basis at a price per share equal to the NAV per share for such class. As of December 31, 2022, the NAV per share of our Class I shares was $24.99. No Class S shares or Class D shares are outstanding as of the date hereof.

 

(2)

No upfront sales load will be paid with respect to Class S shares, Class D shares or Class I shares. However, if you buy Class S shares or Class D shares through certain selling agents, they may directly charge you transaction or other fees, including upfront placement fees or brokerage commissions, in such amounts as they may determine, provided that selling agents limit such charges to a 3.5% cap on NAV for Class S shares and 1.5% cap on NAV for Class D shares. Selling agents will not charge brokerage commissions on Class I shares. We and, ultimately, holders of certain classes of our Common Shares, will also pay the following shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees to Ares Wealth Management Solutions, LLC, the intermediary manager, subject to Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”) limitations on underwriting compensation: (a) for Class S shares, a shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee equal to 0.85% per annum of the aggregate NAV as of the beginning of the first calendar day of the month for the Class S shares and (b) for Class D shares only, a shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee equal to 0.25% per annum of the aggregate NAV as of the beginning of the first calendar day of the month for the Class D shares, in each case, payable monthly. No shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee will be paid with respect to Class I shares. The total amount that will be paid over time for other underwriting compensation depends on the average length of time for which shares remain outstanding, the term over which such amount is measured and the performance of our investments. We and, ultimately, our common shareholders, will also pay or reimburse organization and offering expenses and, subject to FINRA limitations on underwriting compensation, certain wholesaling expenses, provided that our reimbursement of these expenses is conditioned upon the occurrence of certain events discussed below in this footnote (2). FINRA defines “underwriting compensation” as any payment, right, interest, or benefit received or to be received by a participating member from any source for underwriting, allocation, distribution, advisory and other investment banking services in connection with a public offering. The total underwriting compensation and total organization and offering expenses will not exceed 10% and 15%, respectively, of the gross proceeds from this offering. See “Plan of Distribution” and “Estimated Use of Proceeds.” Our investment adviser has agreed to advance a portion of our organization and initial offering expenses, including organization and initial offering expenses incurred in connection with our Private Placement (as defined in “Prospectus Summary—Recent Developments—Private Placement”) subject to the conditions contained in the Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement entered into between us and the investment adviser (the “Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement”). If we are required to reimburse our investment adviser pursuant to the Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement, then the expenses advanced by our investment adviser will reduce our NAV at the time we make such reimbursement payment and may reduce future distributions to which you would otherwise be entitled. For more information, see “Plan of Operation—Expenses—Expense Support and Reimbursement Agreement.” We and, ultimately, our common shareholders will also pay certain ongoing offering costs associated with our continuous offering of Common Shares if such ongoing offering costs are (i) paid by us or (ii) advanced by our investment adviser and reimbursed by us subject to certain conditions contained in the Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement. See footnote (4) to this table for more information about our organization and initial offering expenses, including the estimated amount of such expenses.

 

(3) Prior to the Fund’s receipt and acceptance of the subscription orders effective as of the first day of the applicable month, proceeds from sales of our Common Shares will be placed in a non-interest-bearing account at UMB Bank, N.A., in accordance with Rule 15c2-4 under the Exchange Act. If a purchase order is received less than five business days prior to the first day of the month, unless waived by the intermediary manager, the purchase order will be held in a non-interest-bearing account and executed in the next month’s closing at the transaction price applicable to that month. The proceeds will be released to us once the investor’s order is accepted as described in this prospectus. See “Prospectus Summary—When may I make purchases of shares and at what price?” and “How to Subscribe” for more information.
  
(4)

Assumes that all Common Shares currently registered are sold in the continuous offering. The proceeds may differ from that shown if the then-current NAV at which Common Shares are sold varies from that shown and/or additional Common Shares are registered. We estimate that we will incur approximately $[       ] million of organization and offering expenses, including expenses incurred in connection with this offering and in connection with our Private Placement (as defined in “Prospectus Summary—Recent Developments—Private Placement”).

 

Our investment adviser has agreed to advance up to $[      ] million of our organization and offering expenses, including expenses incurred in connection with our Private Placement, pursuant to the Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement. For more information about the Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement, see footnote (2) above and “Plan of Operation—Expenses— Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement.”

 

This prospectus contains important information about us that a prospective investor should know before investing in our Common Shares. Please read this prospectus before investing and keep it for future reference. We will file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information about us with the SEC, and additional information about the Registrant will be filed with the Commission and will be available upon written or oral request and without charge. This information will be available free of charge by contacting us at 245 Park Avenue, 44th Floor, New York, New York 10167, or by telephone at (212) 750-7300 or on our website at https://areswmsresources.com/investment-solutions/asif/. Any future annual or quarterly reports will be available on our website free of charge. Information contained on our website is not incorporated by reference into this prospectus, and you should not consider that information to be part of this prospectus. The SEC also maintains a website at http://www.sec.gov, which contains such information.

 

The date of this prospectus is           , 2023

 

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SUITABILITY STANDARDS

 

Common Shares offered through this prospectus are suitable only as a long-term investment for persons of adequate financial means such that they do not have a need for liquidity in this investment. We have established financial suitability standards for initial shareholders in this offering which require that a purchaser of shares have either:

 

a gross annual income of at least $70,000 and a net worth of at least $70,000; or

 

a net worth of at least $250,000.

 

For purposes of determining the suitability of an investor, net worth in all cases should be calculated excluding the value of an investor’s home, home furnishings and automobiles. In the case of sales to fiduciary accounts, these minimum standards must be met by the beneficiary, the fiduciary account or the donor or grantor who directly or indirectly supplies the funds to purchase the shares if the donor or grantor is the fiduciary.

  

Certain states have established suitability standards in addition to the minimum income and net worth standards described above. Common Shares will be sold to investors in these states only if they meet the additional suitability standards set forth below.

 

Alabama Investors. Investors residing in Alabama may not invest more than 10% of their liquid net worth in us and our affiliates.

 

Idaho Investors. Purchasers residing in Idaho must have either (a) a liquid net worth of $85,000 and annual gross income of $85,000 or (b) a liquid net worth of $300,000. Additionally, the total investment in us shall not exceed 10% of their liquid net worth.

 

Iowa Investors. Investors residing in Iowa must have either (a) an annual gross income of at least $100,000 and a net worth of at least $100,000, or (b) a net worth of at least $350,000. In addition, investors residing in Iowa who are not “accredited investors” as defined in Regulation D under the Securities Act may not invest more than 10% of their net worth in our Common Shares and the common stock of other non-traded BDCs.

 

Kansas Investors. It is recommended by the Office of the Kansas Securities Commissioner that Kansas investors limit their aggregate investment in our securities and other similar investments to not more than 10% of their liquid net worth. For these purposes, liquid net worth shall be defined as that portion of total net worth (total assets minus total liabilities) that is comprised of cash, cash equivalents and readily marketable securities.

 

Kentucky Investors. A Kentucky investor may not invest more than 10% of its liquid net worth in us or our affiliates. “Liquid net worth” is defined as that portion of net worth that is comprised of cash, cash equivalents and readily marketable securities.

 

Maine Investors. The Maine Office of Securities recommends that an investor’s aggregate investment in this offering and similar direct participation investments not exceed 10% of the investor’s liquid net worth. For this purpose, “liquid net worth” is defined as that portion of net worth that consists of cash, cash equivalents and readily marketable securities.

 

Missouri Investors. In addition to the suitability standards set forth above, no more than ten percent (10%) of any one (1) Missouri investor’s liquid net worth shall be invested in the securities being registered in this offering.

 

Nebraska Investors. In addition to the suitability standards set forth above, Nebraska investors must limit their aggregate investment in this offering and the securities of other business development companies to 10% of such investor’s net worth. Investors who are accredited investors as defined in Regulation D under the Securities Act are not subject to the foregoing investment concentration limit.

 

New Jersey Investors. New Jersey investors must have either (a) a minimum liquid net worth of at least $100,000 and a minimum annual gross income of not less than $85,000, or (b) a minimum liquid net worth of $350,000. For these purposes, “liquid net worth” is defined as that portion of net worth (total assets exclusive of home furnishings, and automobiles, minus total liability) that consists of cash, cash equivalent and readily marketable securities. In addition, a New Jersey investor’s investment in us, our affiliates, and other non-publicly traded direct investment programs (including real estate investment trusts, business development companies, oil and gas programs, equipment leasing programs and commodity pools, but excluding unregistered, federally and state exempt private offerings) may not exceed ten percent (10%) of his or her liquid net worth.

 

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New Mexico Investors. In addition to the general suitability standards listed above, a New Mexico investor may not invest, and we may not accept from an investor more than ten percent (10%) of that investor’s liquid net worth in shares of us, our affiliates and in other non-traded business development companies. Liquid net worth is defined as that portion of net worth which consists of cash, cash equivalents and readily marketable securities.

 

North Dakota Investors. Investors residing in North Dakota who are not “accredited investors” as defined in Regulation D under the Securities Act must have a net worth of at least ten times their investment in our Common Shares.

 

Oklahoma Investors. Purchasers residing in Oklahoma may not invest more than 10% of their liquid net worth in us.

 

Oregon Investors. In addition to the suitability standards set forth above, Oregon investors may not invest more than 10% of their liquid net worth in us and our affiliates. Liquid net worth is defined as net worth excluding the value of the investor’s home, home furnishings and automobile.

 

Pennsylvania Investors. Investors residing in Pennsylvania may not invest more than 10% of their net worth in our Common Shares.

 

Puerto Rico Investors. Purchasers residing in Puerto Rico may not invest more than 10% of their liquid net worth in us, our affiliates and other non-traded business development companies. For these purposes, “liquid net worth” is defined as that portion of net worth (total assets exclusive of primary residence, home furnishings and automobiles minus total liabilities) consisting of cash, cash equivalents and readily marketable securities.

 

Tennessee Investors. Investors residing in Tennessee who are not “accredited investors” as defined in Regulation D under the Securities Act may not invest more than 10% of their net worth in our Common Shares.

 

Vermont Investors. Investors residing in Vermont who are not “accredited investors” as defined in Regulation D under the Securities Act may not purchase an amount of shares in this offering that exceeds 10% of their liquid net worth.

  

Our investment adviser, those selling shares on our behalf and participating brokers and registered investment advisers recommending the purchase of shares in this offering are required to make every reasonable effort to determine that the purchase of shares in this offering is a suitable and appropriate investment for each investor based on information provided by the investor regarding the investor’s financial situation and investment objective and must maintain records for at least six years after the information is used to determine that an investment in our Common Shares is suitable and appropriate for each investor. In making this determination, our investment adviser, the participating broker, registered investment adviser, authorized representative or other person selling shares will, based on a review of the information provided by the investor, consider whether the investor:

 

meets the minimum income and net worth standards established in the investor’s state;

 

can reasonably benefit from an investment in our Common Shares based on the investor’s overall investment objective and portfolio structure;

 

is able to bear the economic risk of the investment based on the investor’s overall financial situation, including the risk that the investor may lose its entire investment; and

 

has an apparent understanding of the following:

 

the fundamental risks of the investment;

 

the lack of liquidity of our Common Shares;

 

the background and qualifications of our investment adviser; and

 

the tax consequences of the investment.

 

In addition to investors who meet the minimum income and net worth requirements set forth above, our Common Shares may be sold to financial institutions that qualify as “institutional investors” under the state securities laws of the state in which they reside. “Institutional investor” is generally defined to include banks, insurance companies, investment companies as defined in the Investment Company Act, pension or profit sharing trusts and certain other financial institutions. A financial institution that desires to purchase shares will be required to confirm that it is an “institutional investor” under applicable state securities laws.

 

In addition to the suitability standards established herein, (i) a participating broker may impose additional suitability requirements and investment concentration limits to which an investor could be subject and (ii) various states may impose additional suitability standards, investment amount limits and alternative investment limitations.

 

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Brokers must comply with Regulation Best Interest, which, among other requirements, enhances the existing standard of conduct for brokers and establishes a “best interest” obligation for brokers and their associated persons when making recommendations of any securities transaction or investment strategy involving securities to a retail customer. The obligations of Regulation Best Interest are in addition to, and may be more restrictive than, the suitability requirements listed above. When making such a recommendation to a retail customer, a broker must, among other things, act in the best interest of the retail customer at the time a recommendation is made, without placing its interests ahead of its retail customer’s interests. A broker may satisfy the best interest standard imposed by Regulation Best Interest by meeting disclosure, care, conflict of interest and compliance obligations. In addition, brokers are required to provide retail investors a brief relationship summary, or Form CRS, that summarizes for the retail investor key information about the broker. Form CRS is different from this prospectus, which contains regarding this offering and the Fund. Investors should refer to the prospectus for detailed information about this offering before deciding to purchase Common Shares. Currently, there is no administrative or case law interpreting Regulation Best Interest and the full scope of its applicability on brokers participating in our offering cannot be determined at this time.

 

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ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS

 

Please carefully read the information in this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplements, which we refer to collectively as the “prospectus.” You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with different information. This prospectus may only be used where it is legal to sell these securities. You should not assume that the information contained in this prospectus is accurate as of any date later than the date hereof or such other dates as are stated herein or as of the respective dates of any documents or other information incorporated herein by reference.

 

We will disclose the NAV per share of each class of our Common Shares for each month when available on our website at https://areswmsresources.com/investment-solutions/asif/. Information contained on our website is not incorporated by reference into this prospectus, and you should not consider that information to be part of this prospectus.

 

The words “we,” “us,” “our” and the “Fund” refer to Ares Strategic Income Fund, together with its consolidated subsidiaries.

 

Unless otherwise noted, numerical information relating to Ares is approximate as of September 30, 2022.

 

Citations included herein to industry sources are used only to demonstrate third-party support for certain statements made herein to which such citations relate. Information included in such industry sources that do not relate to supporting the related statements made herein are not part of this prospectus and should not be relied upon.

 

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MULTI-CLASS EXEMPTIVE RELIEF

 

This prospectus relates to our Class S, Class D and Class I Common Shares. We are currently only offering Class I shares for sale. We have submitted to the SEC an application for an exemptive order to permit us to offer additional classes of Common Shares, and we will not take actions in reliance on the order until an exemptive order satisfactory to us and the SEC is granted. Accordingly, until such exemptive order is granted, we will only offer Class I shares and will not issue Class S or Class D shares. There can be no assurance we will obtain an exemptive order, and if we do obtain an exemptive order, it may require us to supplement or amend the terms set forth in this prospectus, and we will file a prospectus supplement or an amendment to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part to the extent required by the SEC.

 

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CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

Some of the statements included in this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement, constitute forward-looking statements, which relate to future events or our future performance or financial condition. The forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus, any accompanying prospectus supplement and other information incorporated herein by reference involve a number of risks and uncertainties, including statements concerning:

 

our, or our portfolio companies’, future business, operations, operating results or prospects;

 

the return or impact of current and future investments;

 

the impact of global health crises on our or our portfolio companies’ business and the United States and global economy;

 

the impact of a protracted decline in the liquidity of credit markets on our business;

 

changes in the general economy, slowing economy, rising inflation, risk of recession and risks in respect of a failure to increase the U.S. debt ceiling;

 

the impact of changes in laws or regulations (including the interpretation thereof), including tax laws, governing our operations or the operations of our portfolio companies or the operations of our competitors;

 

the receipt of an SEC exemptive order allowing the offering of multiple classes of shares;

 

the valuation of our investments in portfolio companies, particularly those having no liquid trading market;

 

our ability to recover unrealized losses;

 

our ability to deploy any capital raised in this offering;

 

market conditions and our ability to access different debt markets and additional debt and equity capital and our ability to manage our capital resources effectively;

 

our contractual arrangements and relationships with third parties;

 

the state of the general economy;

 

the impact of supply chain constraints on our portfolio companies and the global economy;

 

uncertainty surrounding global financial stability;

 

the war in Ukraine and Russia and the potential for volatility in energy prices and other commodities and their impact on the industries in which we invest;

 

the social, geopolitical, financial, trade and legal implications of Brexit;

 

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the financial condition of our current and prospective portfolio companies and their ability to achieve their objectives;

 

the impact of information technology system failures, data security breaches, data privacy compliance, network disruptions, and cybersecurity attacks;

 

 

our ability to anticipate and identify evolving market expectations with respect to environmental, social and governance matters, including the environmental impacts of our portfolio companies’ supply chain and operations;

 

our ability to successfully complete and integrate any acquisitions;

 

the outcome and impact of any litigation or regulatory proceeding;

 

the adequacy of our cash resources and working capital;

 

the timing, form and amount of any dividend distributions;

 

the timing of cash flows, if any, from the operations of our portfolio companies;

 

changes in the composition of the members of the current Congress; and

 

the ability of our investment adviser to locate suitable investments for us and to monitor and administer our investments.

 

We use words such as “anticipates,” “believes,” “expects,” “intends,” “projects,” “estimates,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “likely,” “may” and similar expressions to identify forward-looking statements, although not all forward-looking statements include these words.

 

You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which are based on information available to us as of the date of this prospectus or any prospectus supplement or other information incorporated herein by reference, as applicable. Except as required by the federal securities laws, we undertake no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

 

The forward-looking statements in this prospectus are excluded from the safe harbor protection provided by Section 27A of Securities Act and Section 21E of the Exchange Act. Our actual results and condition could differ materially from those implied or expressed in the forward-looking statements or from our historical performance for any reason, including the factors set forth in “Risk Factors” and the other information included in this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement, including the documents we incorporate by reference herein and therein.

  

ix

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

 

Page

 

SUITABILITY STANDARDS iii
ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS vi
MULTI-CLASS EXEMPTIVE RELIEF vii
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS viii
PROSPECTUS SUMMARY 1
FEES AND EXPENSES 19
RISK FACTORS 23
ESTIMATED USE OF PROCEEDS 53
PLAN OF OPERATION 55
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE AND STRATEGIES 63
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND 76
PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT 84
INVESTMENT ADVISORY AND MANAGEMENT AGREEMENT AND ADMINISTRATION AGREEMENT 87
POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST 98
CONTROL PERSONS AND PRINCIPAL SHAREHOLDERS 101
DISTRIBUTIONS 103
DESCRIPTION OF OUR COMMON SHARES 105
DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE 115
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION 118
HOW TO SUBSCRIBE 122
SHARE REPURCHASE PROGRAM 125
DISTRIBUTION REINVESTMENT PLAN 127
PERPETUAL-LIFE BDC 128
REGULATION 129
CERTAIN MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS 136
RESTRICTIONS ON SHARE OWNERSHIP 146
CUSTODIAN, TRANSFER AND DISTRIBUTION PAYING AGENT AND REGISTRAR 148
BROKERAGE ALLOCATION AND OTHER PRACTICES 149
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM 150
LEGAL MATTERS 151
AVAILABLE INFORMATION 152
INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENT F-1
APPENDIX A: FORM OF SUBSCRIPTION AGREEMENT A-1

  

 

 

 

PROSPECTUS SUMMARY

 

This prospectus summary highlights certain information contained elsewhere in this prospectus. This is only a summary and it may not contain all of the information that is important to you. Before deciding to invest in this offering, you should carefully read this entire prospectus, including the “Risk Factors” section. Except where the context suggests otherwise, the terms “we,” “us,” “our,” “the Fund” and “Ares Strategic Income Fund” refer to Ares Strategic Income Fund and its consolidated subsidiaries; “Ares Capital Management” and “our investment adviser” refer to Ares Capital Management LLC; “Ares Operations” and “our administrator” refer to Ares Operations LLC; and “Ares” and “Ares Management” refer to Ares Management Corporation (NYSE: ARES) and its affiliated companies (other than portfolio companies and its affiliated funds).

 

Q:     Who are Ares and the Ares Credit Group?

 

Our investment adviser, Ares Capital Management LLC, is a subsidiary of Ares, a publicly traded, leading global alternative investment manager with approximately $341 billion of assets under management1, with approximately 2,450 employees in over 30 global offices as of September 30, 2022. Since its inception in 1997, Ares has adhered to a disciplined investment philosophy that focuses on delivering strong risk-adjusted investment returns through market cycles. Ares believes each of its distinct but complementary investment groups in credit, private equity, real assets, secondaries and strategic initiatives is a market leader based on assets under management and investment performance. Ares was built upon the fundamental principle that each group benefits from being part of the greater whole. We believe that each of Ares’ investment groups employs a disciplined, credit-oriented investment philosophy and is managed by a seasoned leadership team of senior professionals with extensive experience investing in, advising, underwriting and restructuring companies or real estate properties.

 

Our investment adviser sits within the Ares Credit Group, a leading manager of liquid and illiquid credit strategies across the non-investment grade credit universe, with approximately $204.5 billion of assets under management1 as of September 30, 2022. Ares is one of the largest self-originating direct lenders to the U.S. and European middle markets, providing one-stop financing solutions for small-to-medium sized companies, which we believe are underserved by traditional lenders.

 

The graphic below illustrates the spectrum of liquid and illiquid credit strategies currently managed by the Ares Credit Group. Our objective is to bring the Ares Credit Group’s leading credit investment platform to the Fund, together with the broader Ares integrated groups across credit, private equity, real assets, secondaries and strategic initiatives. Although the Fund has the flexibility to invest in all of Ares Credit Group’s investment strategies identified in the graphic below, the Fund’s investment strategies and its investments across those strategies may vary from Ares Credit Group’s over time, perhaps materially. See “Investment Objective and Strategies” for more information about our investment strategies. Our investments are subject to a number of risks. See “Risk Factors.”

 

 

 

 

1        As of September 30, 2022, assets under management included approximately $12.5 billion managed by Ivy Hill Asset Management, L.P. (“IHAM”), a registered investment adviser and a wholly owned portfolio company of Ares Capital Corporation, a publicly traded BDC managed by our investment adviser.  

 

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Q:What is a business development company, or BDC?

 

BDCs are closed-end funds that elect to be treated as BDCs under the Investment Company Act. As such, BDCs are subject to only certain sections of, and rules under, the Investment Company Act, as well as the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). BDCs typically invest in private or certain public companies in the form of debt or equity capital, with the goal of generating current income and/or capital appreciation. BDCs can be internally or externally managed and may qualify to elect to be taxed as regulated investment companies (“RICs”) for federal tax purposes if they so choose. BDCs are subject to certain restrictions applicable to investment companies under the Investment Company Act. As a BDC, at least 70% of our assets must be the type of “qualifying” assets listed in Section 55(a) of the Investment Company Act, as described herein, which are generally privately offered loans, equity and debt securities issued by U.S. private or certain public companies. See “Investment Objective and Strategies— Regulation as a BDC.”

 

Q:What is a regulated investment company, or RIC?

 

We intend to elect to be treated for federal income tax purposes, and intend to qualify annually thereafter, as a RIC under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”).

 

In general, a RIC is a company that:

 

·is a BDC or registered investment company that combines the capital of many investors to acquire securities;

 

·offers the benefits of a securities portfolio under professional management;

 

·satisfies various requirements of the Code, including an asset diversification requirement; and

 

·is generally not subject to U.S. federal corporate income taxes on its net taxable income that it currently distributes to its shareholders, which substantially eliminates the “double taxation” (i.e., taxation at both the corporate and shareholder levels) that generally results from investments in a C corporation.

 

Q:What is a non-exchange traded, perpetual-life BDC?

 

A non-exchange traded BDC is a BDC whose shares are not listed for trading on a stock exchange or other securities market. We use the term “perpetual-life BDC” to describe an investment vehicle of indefinite duration that does not intend to complete a liquidity event within any specific time period, if at all, and whose Common Shares are intended to be sold by the BDC monthly on a continuous basis at a price generally equal to the BDC’s monthly NAV per share. In our perpetual-life structure, at the discretion of our board of trustees (the “Board of Trustees” and each member of the Board of Trustees, a “Trustee”), we intend to commence a share repurchase program in which we intend to offer to repurchase up to 5% of our Common Shares outstanding (either by number of shares or aggregate NAV) in each quarter. However, the determination to repurchase shares in any particular quarter is solely at the Board of Trustees’ discretion and we are not obligated to offer to repurchase shares in any particular quarter or at all. Aside from the limited liquidity offered by quarterly share repurchases, investors generally should not expect to be able to sell their Common Shares regardless of how well the Fund performs. We believe that our perpetual nature enables us to execute a patient and opportunistic investment strategy and be able to invest across different market environments. This may reduce the risk of the Fund being a forced seller of assets in market downturns compared to non-perpetual funds. While we may consider a liquidity event at any time in the future, we currently do not intend to undertake a liquidity event, and we are not obligated by our charter or otherwise to effect a liquidity event at any time. See “Perpetual-Life BDC.”

 

Q:What is your investment objective?

 

Our investment objective is to generate current income and, to a lesser extent, long-term capital appreciation.

 

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Q:What is your investment strategy?

 

We will seek to meet our investment objective by:

 

·utilizing the expertise of the Ares Credit Group, along with the broader resources of Ares, in sourcing, evaluating and structuring transactions;

 

·employing a longstanding investment approach focused on long-term credit performance and downside protection, generally investing in loans with asset coverage ratios and interest coverage ratios that our investment adviser believes provide substantial credit protection, and also seeking favorable financial protections, including, where our investment adviser believes necessary, one or more financial maintenance covenants;

 

·focusing on liquid and illiquid credit of U.S. companies, and to a lesser extent non-U.S. companies; and

 

·maintaining rigorous portfolio monitoring to anticipate and pre-empt negative credit events in the portfolio

 

Our investment strategy is expected to capitalize on the Ares Credit Group’s scale and reputation in the market as an attractive solution provider to meet our investment objective. We also expect to benefit from the Ares Credit Group’s reputation and ability to transact in scale with speed and certainty, and its long-standing and extensive relationships with financial sponsors that require financing for their transactions.

 

Q: What types of investments do you make?

 

We invest primarily in first lien senior secured loans, second lien senior secured loans, subordinated secured and unsecured loans, subordinated debt, which in some cases includes equity and/or preferred components, and other types of credit instruments which may include commercial real estate mezzanine loans, real estate mortgages, distressed investments, securitized products, notes, bills, debentures, bank loans, convertible and preferred securities, infrastructure debt and government and municipal obligations, made to or issued by U.S. middle-market companies, which we generally define as companies with annual EBITDA between $10 million and $250 million. We expect that a majority of our investments will be in directly originated loans. For cash management and other purposes, we also intend to invest in broadly syndicated loans and other more liquid credit investments, including in publicly traded debt instruments and other instruments that are not directly originated. We intend to primarily invest in illiquid and restricted investments, and while most of our investments are expected to be in private U.S. companies (we generally have to invest at least 70% of our total assets in “qualifying assets,” including private U.S. companies), we may also invest from time to time in non-U.S. companies. Our portfolio may also include equity securities such as common stock, preferred stock, warrants or options, which may be obtained as part of providing a broader financing solution. Under normal circumstances, we will invest directly or indirectly at least 80% of our total assets (net assets plus borrowings for investment purposes) in debt investments of varying maturities.

 

The instruments we invest in are typically unrated or rated below investment grade, which is often an indication of size, credit worthiness and speculative nature relative to the capacity of the borrower to pay interest and principal. Generally, we believe that if our unrated investments were rated, they would be rated below investment grade. Bonds that are rated below investment grade are often referred to as “high yield bonds” or “junk bonds.” Unrated or below investment grade instruments have predominantly speculative characteristics with respect to the issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal. They may also be difficult to value and are illiquid.

 

We may invest in certain debt and other obligations of companies that may be in some level of financial or business distress or may become distressed after we invest (“Stressed Issuers”) including companies involved in, or that have recently completed, bankruptcy or other restructuring, reorganization and liquidation proceedings. These investments may include: (i) corporate debt instruments relating to stressed and distressed industries or issuers; (ii) rescue-capital opportunities; and (iii) public and private stock issued in connection with restructurings and reorganizations or otherwise. In addition, we may invest in collateralized loan obligations (“CLOs”) and will generally have the right to receive payments only from the CLOs (i.e., we will generally not have direct rights against the underlying borrowers or entities that sponsor the CLOs).

 

We may, but are not required to, enter into interest rate, foreign exchange or other derivative agreements to hedge interest rate, currency, credit or other risks, but we do not generally intend to enter into any such derivative agreements for speculative purposes. Any derivative agreements entered into for speculative purposes are not expected to be material to the Fund’s business or results of operations. These hedging activities, which will be in compliance with applicable legal and regulatory requirements, may include the use of futures, options, currency options, forward contracts, and interest rate swaps, caps, collars and floors. We will bear the costs incurred in connection with entering into, administering and settling any such derivative contracts. There can be no assurance any hedging strategy we employ will be successful.

 

Your investment is subject to a number of risks, including our difficulty in raising funds or sourcing investment opportunities, limited liquidity of our Common Shares, and more. See “Investment Objective and Strategies” and “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to an Investment in the Shares.”

 

The investments we make are also subject to a number of risks, including as a result of the debt instruments we invest in, general economic conditions, inflation, supply chain issues, geopolitical matters, and risks related to the structure of the type of debt investments we will make, among others. Furthermore, we intend to primarily invest in U.S. middle-market companies and such investments involve a number of risks, including that these companies may have limited financial resources, may be unable to meet their financial and other obligations, typically have shorter operating histories, typically depend on the talents and efforts of a small group of persons, generally have little available public information, generally have less predictable operating results and may have difficulty accessing capital markets to meet future capital needs. See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to our Investments” for more information on the types of investments we may make and their risks.

 

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Q: What is a directly originated loan?

 

A directly originated loan is a loan where we, along with other funds and client accounts managed by our investment adviser and/or its affiliates, lend directly to the borrower and hold the loan generally on our own or in a small group with other affiliated funds and accounts and/or third-party investors. This is distinct from a syndicated loan, which is generally originated by a bank or other lender and then syndicated, or sold, in multiple pieces to other investors. Directly originated loans are generally held until maturity or until they are refinanced by the borrower. Syndicated loans often have liquid markets and can be traded by investors.

 

Q:What strengths do Ares and the Ares Credit Group offer?

 

We believe Ares and Ares Credit Group’s investment strategy represents a differentiated approach to credit investing and seeks to provide investors with attractive, risk-adjusted returns. More specifically, we believe that the following characteristics of Ares and the Ares Credit Group distinguish the Fund as a compelling investment opportunity:

 

· The Ares Platform: Ares operates integrated groups across credit, private equity, real assets, secondaries and strategic initiatives. As of September 30, 2022, Ares oversaw a portfolio of investments in over 1,750 companies, over 1,100 alternative credit investments and over 520 properties and over 875 limited partnership interests across approximately 60 industries, which we believe will provide the Fund with access to an extensive network of relationships and insights into industry trends and the state of the capital markets. More specifically to the Fund, our investment adviser will provide the Fund with investment advisory services pursuant to the investment advisory and management agreement. Our investment adviser’s investment advisory business is served by a seasoned team within the Ares Credit Group. The Ares Credit Group is a leading manager of liquid and illiquid credit strategies across the non-investment grade credit universe, with approximately $204.5 billion of assets under management2 as of September 30, 2022. We believe the Fund’s affiliation with the Ares Credit Group will provide a distinct competitive advantage across the credit spectrum through Ares’ market presence, scale and origination capabilities. The Ares Credit Group’s market information, company knowledge and industry insight is expected to benefit our investment adviser as it identifies attractive liquid and illiquid credit investment opportunities for the Fund. The Ares Credit Group’s investment professionals maintain extensive financial sponsor and intermediary relationships, which we believe will provide valuable insight and access to transactions and information for the Fund. The Ares Credit Group’s relationship network includes over 920 global financial sponsor relationships and over 160 global banking institutions, as well as privately held companies, investment advisors, boutique investment banks, law firms, consultants and other parties.

 

·Broad Liquid and Illiquid Credit Strategy: The Ares Credit Group employs a broad credit investment strategy based on absolute and relative value considerations across both liquid and illiquid investments. Given the expansive credit strategy, the Ares Credit Group generally seeks to invest in multiple industries and geographies across the fixed income market, primarily in below investment grade instruments, including below investment grade bonds which are sometimes referred to as “high yield bonds” or “junk bonds.” For liquid credit investments, the Ares Credit Group screens for attractive opportunities in the primary and secondary investment universe of approximately 1,400 bank loan and approximately 1,000 high yield issuers. Due to the scale of the Ares Credit Group and its relationships with underwriters, we believe it sees substantially all new issues in the broadly syndicated loan and high yield bond markets that meet our size criteria. As such, the Ares Credit Group’s investment team members have familiarity with the universe of issuers which we believe will facilitate both primary and secondary idea generation. For illiquid credit investments, the Ares Credit Group focuses on self-originating investments by pursuing a broad array of opportunities across multiple channels. We believe the Ares Credit Group’s sourcing advantages will allow for enhanced asset selectivity as we believe there is a significant relationship between proprietary deal origination and credit performance.

 

  · Scale in the Credit Markets: Given the Ares Credit Group is a significant counterparty to investment banks and financial sponsors across a diverse set of credit strategies, we believe it gains differentiated access to primary and secondary investment opportunities. The Ares Credit Group is also one of the largest U.S. direct lenders and liquid credit managers, which makes it a desirable and flexible capital provider, especially in competitive markets. We believe the Ares Credit Group’s scale and experience enables it to identify attractive investment opportunities throughout economic cycles and across a company’s capital structure so that we may be able to make investments consistent with our stated investment objective. In addition, the Ares Credit Group has the flexibility to provide “one stop” financing with the ability to invest capital across the balance sheet and syndicate and hold larger investments than many of its competitors. In addition, we believe that the Ares Credit Group’s ability to provide capital at every level of the balance sheet provides a strong value proposition to borrowers, which supports meaningful deal sourcing and relative value analysis capabilities.

 

· Fundamental Bottom-Up Research Approach: At its core, Ares is a value-oriented, fundamental, bottom-up, credit-focused investment firm. We believe that the Ares Credit Group’s proprietary research in approximately 60 industries and insights from a broad, global investment portfolio enables it to more effectively diligence and structure its products and investments. The Ares Credit Group employs a rigorous, in-depth, and repeatable research process that is designed to identify attractive risk-adjusted return opportunities within the liquid and illiquid investable universe and minimize defaults. Ares’ disciplined approach is consistent across the Ares platform and is focused on identifying sustainable business franchises with leading and defensible market positions, strong and properly incentivized management teams, solid liquidity and free cash flow generation, appropriate capital structures, and significant asset coverage. The Ares Credit Group’s research is both quantitative and qualitative in nature.
   
 

 

 

2 As of September 30, 2022, assets under management includes approximately $12.5 billion managed by IHAM.

 

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·Extensive Industry Focus: The Ares Credit Group concentrates its overall investing activities across the credit spectrum in industries with a history of predictable and dependable cash flows and in which its investment professionals have had extensive investment experience. The Ares Credit Group’s investment professionals have developed long-term relationships with management teams and consultants in approximately 60 industries, and have accumulated substantial information and identified potential trends within these industries. In turn, we expect to benefit from these relationships, information and identification of potential trends in making investments.

 

·Seasoned and Integrated Investment Team: The investment professionals in the Ares Credit Group have significant experience investing across market cycles. We believe this experience will provide us with a competitive advantage in identifying, originating, investing in and managing a portfolio of credit investments. Within the Ares Credit Group, there are over 355 dedicated investment professionals, including approximately 60 partners with an average of 25 years of experience. Additionally, the Ares Credit Group’s investment professionals operate on an integrated basis through the effective application of the principle of collaboration, which takes place on an ongoing basis, but is formally promoted through sophisticated internal systems and widely attended weekly or monthly meetings.

 

Q:What is the market opportunity?

 

We believe that current and future market conditions will present attractive opportunities for us to invest in the credit markets to accomplish our objective for investors. We believe the below investment grade fixed income universe is inherently less efficient and less well serviced than other parts of the capital markets, ratings are less predictive of risk, the number of participants is limited, and the companies issuing debt require a more deliberate and focused investment underwriting. As such, we view Ares’ proprietary research, differentiated information gathering and local presence in many markets where Ares originates assets as disproportionate determinants of alpha and attractive risk adjusted returns for our investors.

 

Q:What are the potential benefits of investments in liquid credit in addition to originated loans?

 

The majority of our assets will consist of directly originated loans that generally cannot be readily liquidated without impacting our ability to realize their full value upon disposition. For cash management and other purposes and in order to provide liquidity for share repurchases, we currently anticipate maintaining a smaller allocation to broadly syndicated loans and other more liquid credit investments. We expect that the instruments underlying our liquid credit investments will primarily be the same as the instruments underlying our directly originated loans (including loans, notes, bonds and other corporate debt securities). Our liquid credit instruments may also include structured credit and multi-asset credit, which involves combining broadly syndicated loans, high yield bonds, structured credit, CLOs, special situations and related credit instruments into a single portfolio. Multi-asset credit portfolios are designed to offer investors a flexible solution to credit investing by allowing us to tactically allocate between multiple asset classes in various market conditions in order to capture the best relative value. The principal differences between our investments in directly originated loans and liquid credit investments are how quickly liquid credit investments may be sold for cash and that our liquid credit investments are not originated by the Fund. We expect these investments to enhance our risk/return profile and serve as a source of liquidity for the Fund.

 

Our liquid credit investments are subject to many of the same risks associated with our investments in directly originated loans, such as risks associated with debt investments in U.S. middle-market companies, economic recessions, inflation, risks related to the structure of the type of debt investments we will make, among others. See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to our Investments” for more information on the types of investments we may make and their risks.

 

Q:How will you identify investments?

 

We believe that the Ares Credit Group will be able to leverage its current investment platform, resources and existing relationships of Ares Management with financial sponsors, financial institutions, hedge funds, intermediaries and other investment firms to provide us with attractive investment opportunities. In addition to deal flow, the Ares investment platform will assist our investment adviser in analyzing, structuring and monitoring investments. Ares has been in existence for over 25 years and its partners have experience in leveraged finance, private equity, distressed debt, commercial real estate finance, investment banking and capital markets. We will have access to Ares’ investment professionals and administrative professionals, who provide assistance in accounting, finance, legal, compliance, tax, operations, information technology and investor relations.

 

Q:Will you use leverage?

 

We may from time to time borrow funds to make investments to attempt to increase returns to our common shareholders in accordance with the restrictions of the Investment Company Act. A BDC generally will be permitted, under specified conditions, to issue multiple classes of indebtedness and one class of stock senior to its common stock if its asset coverage, as defined in the Investment Company Act, would at least be equal to 200% immediately after each such issuance. Additionally, certain provisions of the Investment Company Act allow a BDC to increase the maximum amount of leverage it may incur by reducing the asset coverage ratio of 200% to an asset coverage ratio of 150% if certain requirements are met. The reduced asset coverage requirement permits a BDC to borrow up to two dollars for every dollar it has in assets less all liabilities and indebtedness not represented by senior securities issued by it. An affiliate of our investment adviser, as our sole initial shareholder, has approved a proposal that allows us to reduce our asset coverage ratio to 150%. The amount of leverage that we employ at any particular time will depend on our investment adviser’s and our Board of Trustees’ assessments of market and other factors at the time of any proposed borrowing, and we expect such borrowings to primarily be in the form of loans from banks, such as any borrowings under our Credit Facility (as defined below under “Recent Developments—Credit Facility”), or our issuance of senior securities to banks, insurance companies, funds, institutional investors and other lenders and investors. See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business and Structure—We will borrow money, which magnifies the potential for gain or loss on amounts invested and may increase the risk of investing with us” and “Regulation— Indebtedness and Senior Securities.”

 

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Q:

Will the Fund be able to co-invest with other funds managed by the Fund’s investment adviser and its affiliates, and how will investment opportunities be allocated?

 

Ares, including our investment adviser and its affiliates, provides or may provide investment management services to other BDCs, including Ares Capital Corporation, registered investment companies, investment funds, client accounts and proprietary accounts that Ares may establish.

 

We, our investment adviser and certain of our affiliates have received an exemptive order from the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) that permits us and other BDCs and registered closed-end management investment companies managed by Ares to co-invest in portfolio companies with each other and with affiliated investment funds (the “Co-Investment Exemptive Order”). Co-investments made under the Co-Investment Exemptive Order are subject to compliance with certain conditions and other requirements, which could limit our ability to participate in a co-investment transaction. We may also otherwise co-invest with funds managed by Ares or any of its downstream affiliates, subject to compliance with existing regulatory guidance, applicable regulations and our allocation policy.

 

Q:How is an investment in Common Shares different from listed BDCs?

 

An investment in our common shares of beneficial interest, including Class S shares, Class D shares and Class I shares (“Common Shares”), generally differs from an investment in listed BDCs in a number of ways, including:

 

· Shares of listed BDCs are priced by the trading market, which is influenced generally by numerous factors, not all of which are related to the underlying value of the entity’s assets and liabilities. Our Board of Trustees, rather than the “market,” determined the initial offering price of our Common Shares in its sole discretion after considering the initial public offering prices per share of other blind pool non-traded BDCs. The estimated value of our assets and liabilities will be used to determine our NAV for Common Shares sold in this offering. As a result, the NAV of non-traded BDCs, unlike the market price of listed BDCs, is generally correlated with the values of their underlying investments as opposed to other conditions that may impact public markets.

 

 

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· An investment in our Common Shares has limited or no liquidity outside of our share repurchase program and our share repurchase program may be modified, suspended or terminated. In contrast, an investment in a listed BDC is a liquid investment, as shares can be sold on an exchange at any time the exchange is open.

 

  ·

Non-listed BDCs may bear different fees than listed BDCs, including potentially lower sales charges depending on arrangements with certain financial intermediaries. See “Fees and Expenses” for more information about fees that are paid by the Fund to our investment adviser.

 

· Some listed BDCs are self-managed, whereas our investment operations are managed by our investment adviser, which is part of Ares.

 

· Unlike the offering of a listed BDC, this offering will be registered in every state in which we are offering and selling shares. As a result, we include certain limits in our governing documents that are not typically provided for in the charter of a listed BDC. For example, our charter limits the fees we may pay to our investment adviser. A listed BDC does not typically provide for these restrictions within its charter. A listed BDC is, however, subject to the governance requirements of the exchange on which its shares are traded, including requirements relating to its board of directors, audit committee, independent trustee oversight of executive compensation and the trustee nomination process, code of conduct, shareholder meetings, related party transactions, shareholder approvals and voting rights. Although we expect to follow many of these same governance guidelines, there is no requirement that we do so. Both listed BDCs and non-traded BDCs are subject to the requirements of the Investment Company Act and the Exchange Act.

 

Q:For whom may an investment in your Common Shares be appropriate?

 

An investment in our Common Shares may be appropriate for you if you:

 

·meet the minimum suitability standards described above under “Suitability Standards;”

 

·seek to allocate a portion of your investment portfolio to a direct investment vehicle with an income-oriented portfolio of primarily U.S. credit investments;

 

· seek to receive current income through regular distribution payments; and

 

· wish to obtain the potential benefit of long-term capital appreciation and are able to hold your Common Shares as a long-term investment and do not need liquidity from your investment quickly in the near future.

 

We cannot assure you that an investment in our Common Shares will allow you to realize any of these objectives. An investment in our Common Shares is only intended for investors who do not need the ability to sell their shares quickly in the future since we are not obligated to offer to repurchase any of our Common Shares. The determination to offer to repurchase shares in any particular quarter is solely at the Board of Trustees’ discretion and we are not obligated to offer to repurchase shares in any particular quarter, or at all. See “Share Repurchase Program.”

 

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Q:Are there any risks involved in buying our Common Shares?

 

Investing in our Common Shares involves a high degree of risk. If we are unable to effectively manage the impact of these risks, we may not meet our investment objective and, therefore, you should purchase our Common Shares only if you can afford a complete loss of your investment. An investment in our Common Shares involves significant risks and is intended only for investors with a long-term investment horizon and who do not require immediate liquidity or guaranteed income. Some of the more significant risks relating to an investment in our Common Shares include those listed below:

 

  · We have a limited operating history and there is no assurance that we will achieve our investment objective.

 

  · We have not identified specific investments that we will make with the proceeds of this offering. As a result this may be deemed a “blind pool” offering and you will not have the opportunity to evaluate our investments before we make them.

 

  · There may be changes in laws or regulations (including interpretations thereof), including tax laws, governing our operations or the operations of our portfolio companies or the operations of our competitors.

 

  · You should not expect to be able to sell your Common Shares regardless of how we perform.

 

  · You should consider that you may not have access to the money you invest for an extended period of time.

 

  · We do not intend to list our Common Shares on any securities exchange, and we do not expect a secondary market in our Common Shares to develop prior to any listing.

 

  · Because you may be unable to sell your Common Shares, you will be unable to reduce your exposure in any market downturn.

 

  · At the discretion of our Board of Trustees and beginning no later than the first full calendar quarter after we hold the first closing in the offering of Common Shares pursuant to this Registration Statement, we intend to commence a share repurchase program in which we intend to offer to repurchase up to 5% of our Common Shares outstanding (either by number of shares or aggregate NAV) in each quarter. In addition, to the extent we offer to repurchase shares in any particular quarter, any such repurchases will be at prices equal to the NAV per share as of the last calendar day of the applicable month designated by our Board of Trustees, except that the Fund deducts 2.00% from such NAV for shares that have not been outstanding for at least one year. Such share repurchase prices may be lower than the price at which you purchase our Common Shares in this offering. See “Share Repurchase Program.”

 

  · An investment in our Common Shares is not suitable for you if you need access to the money you invest. See “Suitability Standards” and “Share Repurchase Program.”

 

  · We cannot guarantee that we will make distributions, and if we do we may fund such distributions from sources other than cash flow from operations, including, without limitation, the sale of assets, borrowings, return of capital or offering proceeds, we have no limits on the amounts we may pay from such sources, and we cannot provide assurances on the sale price of assets if we have to sell assets to fund distributions. Funding distributions other than from cash flow from operations may result in us having less funds available to acquire investments.

 

  · Distributions may also be funded in significant part, directly or indirectly, from temporary waivers or expense reimbursements borne by our investment adviser or its affiliates that may be subject to reimbursement to our investment adviser or its affiliates. The repayment of any amounts owed to our affiliates will reduce our NAV and may reduce future distributions to which you would otherwise be entitled.

 

  · We expect to use leverage, which will magnify the potential for loss on amounts invested in us.

 

  · We qualify as an “emerging growth company” as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act (the “JOBS Act”), and we cannot be certain if the reduced disclosure requirements applicable to emerging growth companies will make our Common Shares less attractive to investors.

 

  · The instruments we invest in are typically unrated or rated below investment grade, which is often an indication of size, credit worthiness and speculative nature relative to the capacity of the borrower to pay interest and principal. Generally, we believe that if our unrated investments were rated, they would be rated below investment grade. Bonds that are rated below investment grade are sometimes referred to as “high yield bonds” or “junk bonds.” These unrated and below investment grade instruments have predominantly speculative characteristics with respect to the issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal. They may also be illiquid and difficult to value. See “Prospectus Summary—Q: What types of investments do you make?”

 

Q: Do you currently own any investments?

 

Yes. Proceeds from the Private Placement (as defined in “Prospectus Summary — Recent Developments”) have been invested in accordance with the Fund’s investment objective. See “Plan of Operation” and “Estimated Use of Proceeds” for a discussion of our investment objective and the estimated use of proceeds from this offering. As of December 31, 2022, the NAV per share for our Class I shares was approximately $24.99.

 

Q: What is the role of your Board of Trustees?

 

We operate under the direction of our Board of Trustees, the members of which are accountable to us and our common shareholders as fiduciaries. We have seven Trustees, four of whom have been determined to be independent of us, our investment adviser, Ares and its affiliates (“independent Trustees”). Our independent Trustees are responsible for reviewing the performance of our investment adviser and approving the compensation paid to the our investment adviser and its affiliates. The names and biographical information of our Trustees are provided under “Management of the Fund—Trustees and Executive Officers.”

 

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Q:What is the difference between the Class S, Class D and Class I Common Shares being offered?

 

Subject to the receipt of exemptive relief from the SEC, we intend to offer to the public three classes of Common Shares, Class S shares, Class D shares and Class I shares. The differences among the share classes relate to ongoing shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees. In addition, although no upfront sales load will be paid with respect to Class S shares, Class D shares or Class I shares, if you buy Class S shares or Class D shares through certain selling agents, they may directly charge you transaction or other fees, including upfront placement fees or brokerage commissions, in such amount as they may determine, provided that selling agents limit such charges to a 3.5% cap on NAV for Class S shares and 1.5% cap on NAV for Class D shares. Selling agents will not charge brokerage commissions on Class I shares. We and, ultimately, certain classes of holders of our Common Shares, will also pay the following shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees to Ares Wealth Management Solutions, LLC, the intermediary manager, subject to FINRA limitations on underwriting compensation: (a) for Class S shares, a shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee equal to 0.85% per annum of the aggregate NAV as of the beginning of the first calendar day of the month for the Class S shares and (b) for Class D shares only, a shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee equal to 0.25% per annum of the aggregate NAV as of the beginning of the first calendar day of the month for the Class D shares, in each case, payable monthly. No shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee will be paid with respect to Class I shares. A broker will provide the following ongoing services with respect to the Class S or Class D shares: assistance with recordkeeping, answering investor inquiries regarding us, including regarding distribution payments and reinvestments, helping investors understand their investments upon their request, and assistance with share repurchase requests. The total underwriting compensation and total organization and offering expenses will not exceed 10% and 15%, respectively, of the gross proceeds from this offering. See “Description of Our Common Shares” and “Plan of Distribution” for a discussion of the differences between our Class S, Class D and Class I shares.

 

Assuming a constant net asset value per share of $25.00, we expect that a one-time investment in 400 shares of each class of our Common Shares (representing an aggregate net asset value of $10,000 for each class) would be subject to the following shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees:

 

    Annual
Shareholder
Servicing and/or
Distribution Fee
    Total Over
Five Years
 
Class S   $

85.00

    $ 425.00  
Class D   $

25.00

    $ 125.00  
Class I   $     $  

 

Class S shares are available through brokerage and transaction-based accounts. Class D shares are generally available for purchase in this offering only (1) through fee-based programs, also known as wrap accounts, that provide access to Class D shares, (2) through participating broker-dealers that have alternative fee arrangements with their clients to provide access to Class D shares, (3) through transaction/brokerage platforms at participating broker-dealers, (4) through investment advisers registered under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 or applicable state law that are also registered with or as a broker-dealer, (5) through bank trust departments or any other organization or person authorized to act in a fiduciary capacity for its clients or customers or (6) other categories of investors that we name in an amendment or supplement to this prospectus. Class I shares are generally available for purchase in this offering only (1) through fee-based programs, also known as wrap accounts, that provide access to Class I shares, (2) by institutional accounts as defined by FINRA Rule 4512(c), (3) through bank-sponsored collective trusts and bank-sponsored common trusts, (4) by retirement plans (including a trustee or custodian under any deferred compensation or pension or profit sharing plan or payroll deduction IRA established for the benefit of the employees of any company), foundations or endowments, (5) through certain financial intermediaries that are not otherwise registered with or as a broker-dealer and that direct clients to trade with a broker-dealer that offers Class I Shares, (6) through investment advisers registered under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 or applicable state law that are also registered with or as a broker-dealer, whose broker-dealer does not receive any compensation from the Fund or from the intermediary manager, (7) by the Fund’s officers and Trustees and their immediate family members, as well as officers and employees of Ares and their immediate family members, (8) by participating broker-dealers and their affiliates, including their officers, directors, employees and registered representatives, as well as the immediate family members of such persons, as defined by FINRA Rule 5130, (9) through bank trust departments or any other organization or person authorized to act as a fiduciary for its clients or customers, and (10) by any other categories of purchasers that we name in an amendment or supplement to this prospectus. Before making your investment decision, please consult with your investment adviser regarding your account type and the classes of Common Shares you may be eligible to purchase.

 

If you are eligible to purchase all three classes of shares, then in most cases you should purchase Class I shares because participating broker-dealers will not charge brokerage commissions on Class I shares and Class I shares have no shareholder servicing or distribution fee, which will reduce the NAV or distributions of the other share classes. However, Class I shares will not receive shareholder services.

 

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Q:What is the per share purchase price?

 

Shares of each class of our Common Shares will be issued on a monthly basis at a price per share equal to the then-current NAV per share, as described below.

 

Q:How will your NAV per share be calculated?

 

Our NAV will be determined based on the value of our assets less our liabilities, including accrued fees and expenses, as of any date of determination.

 

Pursuant to Rule 2a-5 under the Investment Company Act, our Board of Trustees has designated our investment adviser as its “valuation designee” to perform fair value determinations for investments held by us without readily available market quotations. Investments for which market quotations are readily available are typically valued at such market quotations. In order to validate market quotations, the Fund looks at a number of factors to determine if the quotations are representative of fair value, including the source and nature of the quotations. Debt and equity securities that are not publicly traded or whose market prices are not readily available are valued at fair value as determined in good faith by the Fund’s investment adviser, subject to the oversight of its Board of Trustees, based on, among other things, the input of the Fund’s independent third-party valuation firms that have been engaged to support the valuation of such portfolio investments at least once during a trailing 12-month period (with certain de minimis exceptions) and under a valuation policy and a consistently applied valuation process. See “Determination of Net Asset Value.”

 

 

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Q:Is there any minimum investment required?

 

The minimum initial investment in our Common Shares is $2,500 for Class S or D shares, and the minimum subsequent investment in our Common Shares is $500 per transaction, except that the minimum subsequent investment amount does not apply to purchases made under our distribution reinvestment plan and that the minimum investment in Class I is $1,000,000. In addition, Ares Wealth Management Solutions, LLC (the “intermediary manager”), an affiliate of our investment adviser, may elect to accept smaller investments in its discretion.

 

Q:What is a “best efforts” offering?

 

This is our initial public offering of our Common Shares on a “best efforts” basis. A “best efforts” offering means the intermediary manager and the participating brokers are only required to use their best efforts to sell the shares. When shares are offered to the public on a “best efforts” basis, no underwriter, broker-dealer or other person has a firm commitment or obligation to purchase any of the shares. Therefore, we cannot guarantee the number of shares that will be sold in this offering.

 

Q:What is the expected term of this offering?

 

We have registered $5,000,000,000 in Common Shares. It is our intent to conduct a continuous offering for an extended period of time, by filing for additional offerings of our Common Shares, subject to regulatory approval and continued compliance with the rules and regulations of the SEC and applicable state laws.

 

We will endeavor to take all reasonable actions to avoid interruptions in the continuous offering of our Common Shares. There can be no assurance, however, that we will not need to suspend our continuous offering while the SEC and, where required, state securities regulators, review such filings for additional offerings of our Common Shares until such filings are declared effective, if at all.

 

Q:When may I make purchases of shares and at what price?

 

Subscriptions to purchase our Common Shares may be made on an ongoing basis, but investors may only purchase our Common Shares pursuant to accepted subscription orders effective as of the first day of the applicable month (based on the NAV per share as determined as of the previous day, being the last calendar day of the applicable month designated by our Board of Trustees), and to be accepted, a subscription request including the full subscription amount must be received in good order at least five business days prior to the first day of the month (unless waived by the intermediary manager). Prior to the Fund’s receipt and acceptance of the subscription orders effective as of the first day of the applicable month, proceeds from sales of our Common Shares will be placed in a non-interest-bearing account at UMB Bank, N.A., in accordance with Rule 15c2-4 under the Exchange Act. If a purchase order is received less than five business days prior to the first day of the month, unless waived by the intermediary manager, the purchase order will be held in a non-interest-bearing account and executed in the next month’s closing at the transaction price applicable to that month.

 

Notice of each share transaction will be furnished to shareholders (or their financial representatives) as soon as practicable but not later than seven business days after the Fund’s NAV is determined and credited to the shareholder’s account, together with information relevant for personal and tax records. While a shareholder will not know our NAV applicable on the effective date of the share purchase, our NAV applicable to a purchase of shares will be available generally within 20 business days after the effective date of the share purchase; at that time, the number of shares based on that NAV and each shareholder’s purchase will be determined and shares are credited to the shareholder’s account as of the effective date of the share purchase. See “How to Subscribe” for more details.

 

Q:When will the NAV per share be available?

 

We expect to report our NAV per share as of the last calendar day of the applicable month on our website generally within 20 business days of the last calendar day of the applicable month. Because subscriptions must be submitted at least five business days prior to the first day of the applicable month, you will not know the NAV per share at which you will be subscribing at the time you subscribe.

 

 

11

 

 

 

For example, if you are subscribing in October, your subscription must be submitted at least five business days prior to November 1. The purchase price for your Common Shares will be the NAV per share determined as of October 31. The NAV per share as of October 31 will generally be available within 20 business days from October 31.

 

Q:May I withdraw my subscription request once I have made it?

 

Yes, you may withdraw your subscription request if we have not yet accepted it. Subscribers are not committed to purchase shares at the time their subscription orders are submitted and any subscription may be canceled at any time before the time it has been accepted. You may withdraw your purchase request by notifying the transfer agent, through your financial intermediary or directly on our toll-free, automated telephone line, 888-310-9352.

 

See “Plan of Distribution” for more information.

 

Q:When will my subscription be accepted?

 

Completed subscription requests will not be accepted by us any earlier than two business days before the first day of the applicable month.

 

Q:Will I receive distributions and how often?

 

We currently intend to pay regular monthly distributions commencing with the first full calendar quarter after we hold the first closing in the offering of Common Shares pursuant to this Registration Statement. However, any distributions we make will be at the sole discretion of our Board of Trustees, who will consider factors such as our earnings, cash flow, capital needs and general financial condition and the requirements of Delaware law. As a result, our distribution rates and payment frequency may vary from time to time.

 

Our Board of Trustees’ discretion as to the payment of distributions will be directed, in substantial part, by its determination to cause us to comply with the RIC requirements. To maintain our treatment as a RIC, we generally are required to make aggregate annual distributions to our common shareholders of at least 90% of our net investment income. See “Description of Our Common Shares” and “Certain U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations.” The per share amount of distributions on Class S, Class D and Class I shares generally differ because of different class-specific shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees that are deducted from the gross distributions for each share class. Specifically, distributions on Class S shares will be lower than Class D shares, and Class D shares will be lower than Class I shares because we are required to pay a higher ongoing shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee with respect to the Class S shares (compared to Class D shares and Class I shares) and we are required to pay a higher ongoing shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee with respect to Class D shares (compared to Class I shares, which have no shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee).

 

There is no assurance we will pay distributions in any particular amount, if at all. We may fund any distributions from sources other than cash flow from operations, including, without limitation, the sale of assets, borrowings, return of capital or offering proceeds, and we have no limits on the amounts we may pay from such sources. The extent to which we pay distributions from sources other than cash flow from operations will depend on various factors, including the level of participation in our distribution reinvestment plan, how quickly we invest the proceeds from this and any past or future offering and the performance of our investments. Funding distributions from the sales of assets, borrowings, return of capital or proceeds of this offering will result in us having less funds available to acquire investments. As a result, the return you realize on your investment may be reduced. Additionally, funding distributions from the sales of assets, borrowings, return of capital or proceeds of this offering may also negatively impact our ability to generate cash flows. Likewise, funding distributions from the sale of additional securities will dilute your interest in us on a percentage basis and may impact the value of your investment especially if we sell these securities at prices less than the price you paid for your Common Shares. We believe the likelihood that we will pay distributions from sources other than cash flow from operations will be higher in the early stages of the offering.

 

Q:Will the distributions I receive be taxable as ordinary income?

 

Generally, distributions that you receive, including cash distributions that are reinvested pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan, will be taxed as ordinary income to the extent they are paid from our current or accumulated earnings and profits. Dividends received will generally not be eligible to be taxed at the lower U.S. federal income tax rates applicable to individuals for “qualified dividends.”

 

 

12

 

 

 

We may designate a portion of distributions as capital gain dividends taxable at capital gain rates to the extent we recognize net capital gains from sales of assets. In addition, a portion of your distributions may be considered return of capital for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Amounts considered a return of capital generally will not be subject to tax, but will instead reduce the tax basis of your investment. This, in effect, defers a portion of your tax until your Common Shares are repurchased, you sell your Common Shares or we are liquidated, at which time you generally will be taxed at capital gains rates. Because each investor’s tax position is different, you should consult with your tax advisor. In particular, non-U.S. investors should consult their tax advisors regarding potential withholding taxes on distributions that they receive. See “Certain U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations.”

 

Q:May I reinvest my cash distributions in additional shares?

 

Yes. You will receive your distributions in cash unless you elect to have your cash distributions automatically reinvested in additional Common Shares. If you elect to participate in our distribution reinvestment plan, the cash distributions attributable to the class of shares that you own will be automatically invested in additional Common Shares. The purchase price for shares issued under our distribution reinvestment plan will be equal to the most recent NAV per share for such shares at the time the distribution is payable. You will not pay upfront selling commissions when purchasing shares under our distribution reinvestment plan; however, all shares, including those issued under our distribution reinvestment plan, will be subject to the ongoing shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee. Participants may terminate their participation in the distribution reinvestment plan by providing written notice to the Plan Administrator (defined below) five business days in advance of the first calendar day of the next month in order for a shareholder’s termination to be effective for such month. See “Description of Our Common Shares” and “Distribution Reinvestment Plan.”

 

Q:Can I request that my shares be repurchased?

 

Yes, subject to limitations. At the discretion of our Board of Trustees and beginning no later than the first full calendar quarter after we hold the first closing in the offering of Common Shares pursuant to this Registration Statement, we intend to commence a share repurchase program in which we intend to offer to repurchase up to 5% of our Common Shares outstanding (either by number of shares or aggregate NAV) in each quarter. Our Board of Trustees may amend, suspend or terminate the share repurchase program at any time if it deems such action to be in our best interest and the best interest of our common shareholders. As a result, share repurchases may not be available each quarter. We will conduct any such repurchase offers in accordance with the requirements of Rule 13e-4 promulgated under the Exchange Act and the Investment Company Act, with the terms of such tender offer published in a tender offer statement to be sent to all shareholders and filed on Schedule TO. All shares purchased by us pursuant to the terms of each tender offer will be retired and thereafter will be authorized and unissued shares.

 

Under our share repurchase program, to the extent we offer to repurchase shares in any particular quarter, we expect to repurchase shares pursuant to tender offers using a purchase price equal to the NAV per share as of the last calendar day of the applicable month designated by our Board of Trustees, except that the Fund deducts 2.00% from such NAV for shares that have not been outstanding for at least one year (the “Early Repurchase Deduction”). The one-year holding period is measured as of the subscription closing date immediately following the prospective repurchase date. The Early Repurchase Deduction may be waived in the case of repurchase requests arising from the death or qualified disability of the holder. The Early Repurchase Deduction will be retained by the Fund for the benefit of remaining shareholders.

 

In the event the amount of shares tendered exceeds the repurchase offer amount, shares will be repurchased on a pro rata basis. All unsatisfied repurchase requests must be resubmitted in the next quarterly tender offer, or upon the recommencement of the share repurchase program, as applicable.

 

The majority of our assets will consist of directly originated loans that generally cannot be readily liquidated without impacting our ability to realize their full value upon disposition. For cash management and other purposes and in order to provide liquidity for share repurchases, we currently anticipate maintaining a smaller allocation to broadly syndicated loans and other more liquid credit investments. We expect that the instruments underlying our liquid credit investments will primarily be the same as the instruments underlying our directly originated loans (including loans, notes, bonds and other corporate debt securities). We may fund repurchase requests from sources other than cash flow from operations, including, without limitation, the sale of assets, borrowings, return of capital or offering proceeds, and we have no limits on the amounts we may pay from such sources. Should making repurchase offers, in our judgment, place an undue burden on our liquidity, adversely affect our operations or risk having an adverse impact on the Fund as a whole, or should we otherwise determine that investing our liquid assets in self-originated loans or other illiquid investments rather than repurchasing our Common Shares is in the best interests of the Fund and its shareholders as a whole, then we may choose to offer to repurchase fewer shares than described above, or none at all. See “Share Repurchase Program.”

 

13

 

 

 

Q:Will I be notified of how my investment is doing?

 

Yes. We will provide you with periodic updates on the performance of your investment with us, including:

 

· investor statements at least quarterly;

 

·quarterly and annual reports;

 

·in the case of certain U.S. shareholders, an annual Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) Form 1099-DIV or IRS Form 1099-B, if required, and, in the case of non-U.S. shareholders, an annual IRS Form 1042-S;

 

·confirmation statements (after transactions affecting your balance, except reinvestment of distributions in us and certain transactions through minimum account investment or withdrawal programs); and a quarterly statement providing material information regarding your participation in the distribution reinvestment plan and an annual statement providing tax information with respect to income earned on shares under the distribution reinvestment plan for the calendar year.

 

Depending on legal requirements, we may post this information on our website, https://areswmsresources.com/investment-solutions/asif/, or provide this information to you via U.S. mail or other courier, electronic delivery, or some combination of the foregoing. Information contained on our website is not incorporated by reference into this prospectus, and you should not consider that information to be part of this prospectus. Information about us will also be available on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.

 

In addition, we expect to report our monthly NAV per share as of the last calendar day of the applicable month on our website generally within 20 business days of the last calendar day of the applicable month. We use our website as a channel of distribution of fund information. The information we post through this channel may be deemed material. Accordingly, investors should monitor this channel, in addition to following our press releases, SEC filings and webcasts. The contents of our website are not, however, a part of this prospectus or registration statement.

 

Q:What fees do you pay to your investment adviser?

 

Pursuant to the investment advisory and management agreement between us and our investment adviser (the “investment advisory and management agreement”), our investment adviser is responsible for, among other things, determining the composition of our portfolio, identifying, evaluating and negotiating the structure of the investments we make (including performing due diligence on our prospective portfolio companies), closing and monitoring the investments we make, determining the securities and other assets that we purchase, retain or sell and providing us with such other investment advisory, research and related services as we may from time to time require. We will pay our investment adviser a fee for its services under the investment advisory and management agreement consisting of two components: a base management fee and an incentive fee.

 

The base management fee is payable monthly in arrears at an annual rate of 1.25% of the value of our net assets as of the beginning of the first calendar day of the applicable month. For the first calendar month in which the Fund had operations, December 2022, net assets (as defined by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”)) were measured as the beginning net assets as of the effective date of the investment advisory and management agreement, which was November 22, 2022.

 

14

 

 

 

The incentive fee consists of two components as follows:

 

·

The first part of the incentive fee is based on income, whereby we pay our investment adviser quarterly in arrears 12.5% of our pre-incentive fee net investment income (as defined below) for each calendar quarter subject to a 5.00% annualized hurdle rate, with a catch-up.

 

· The second part of the incentive fee is based on realized capital gains, whereby we pay our investment adviser at the end of each calendar year in arrears 12.5% of cumulative realized capital gains from inception through the end of such calendar year, computed net of all realized capital losses and unrealized capital depreciation on a cumulative basis, less the aggregate amount of any previously paid incentive fee on capital gains.

 

The incentive fee is not based on a particular share class and will be allocated to each class of Common Shares based upon the relative proportion of net assets represented by such class.

 

See “Investment Advisory and Management Agreement and Administrative Agreement” for additional information.

 

Q:Who will administer the Fund?

 

Pursuant to an administration agreement, referred to herein as the “administration agreement”, with our administrator, Ares Operations LLC (our “administrator”), furnishes us with office equipment and clerical, bookkeeping and record keeping services at our office facilities. Under the administration agreement, our administrator also performs, or oversees the performance of, our required administrative services, which include, among other things, providing assistance in accounting, legal, compliance, operations, technology and investor relations, being responsible for the financial records that we are required to maintain and preparing reports to our shareholders and reports filed with the SEC. In addition, our administrator assists us in determining and publishing our NAV, assists us in providing managerial assistance to our portfolio companies, oversees the preparation and filing of our tax returns and the printing and dissemination of reports to our shareholders, and generally oversees the payment of our expenses and the performance of administrative and professional services rendered to us by others. Payments under the administration agreement are equal to an amount based upon our allocable portion of our administrator’s overhead and other expenses (including travel expenses) incurred by our administrator in performing its obligations under the administration agreement, including our allocable portion of the compensation, rent and other expenses of certain of our officers and their respective staffs. The administration agreement may be terminated by either party without penalty upon 60 days’ written notice to the other party. See “Investment Advisory and Management Agreement and Administration Agreement— Administration Agreement.”

 

Q:What are the offering and servicing costs?

 

No upfront sales load will be paid with respect to Class S shares, Class D shares or Class I shares. However, if you buy Class S shares or Class D shares through certain selling agents, they may directly charge you transaction or other fees, including upfront placement fees or brokerage commissions, in such amount as they may determine, provided that selling agents limit such charges to a 3.5% cap on NAV for Class S shares and 1.5% cap on NAV for Class D shares. Selling agents will not charge such fees on Class I shares. Please consult your selling agent for additional information.

 

Subject to FINRA limitations on underwriting compensation, we and, ultimately, certain classes of our common shareholders will pay the following shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees to the intermediary manager: (a) for Class S shares, a shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee equal to 0.85% per annum of the aggregate NAV as of the beginning of the first calendar day of the month for the Class S shares and (b) for Class D shares, a shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee equal to 0.25% per annum of the aggregate NAV as of the beginning of the first calendar day of the month for the Class D shares, in each case, payable monthly. No shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee will be paid with respect to the Class I shares. The intermediary manager anticipates that all or a portion of the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee will be retained by, or reallowed (paid) to, participating broker dealers. The total amount that will be paid over time for other underwriting compensation depends on the average length of time for which shares remain outstanding, the term over which such amount is measured and the performance of our investments. We and, ultimately, our common shareholders, will also pay or reimburse organization and offering expenses and, subject to FINRA limitations on underwriting compensation, certain wholesaling expenses, provided that our reimbursement of these expenses is conditioned upon the occurrence of certain events, as discussed below. FINRA defines “underwriting compensation” as any payment, right, interest, or benefit received or to be received by a participating member from any source for underwriting, allocation, distribution, advisory and other investment banking services in connection with a public offering. The total underwriting compensation and total organization and offering expenses will not exceed 10% and 15%, respectively, of the gross proceeds from this offering. See “Plan of Distribution” and “Estimated Use of Proceeds.” 

 

Our investment adviser has agreed to advance a portion of our organization and initial offering expenses on our behalf (including legal, accounting, printing, mailing, subscription processing and filing fees and expenses and other offering expenses), including costs associated with technology integration between the Fund’s systems and those of our participating broker-dealers, reasonable bona fide due diligence expenses of participating broker-dealers supported by detailed and itemized invoices, costs in connection with preparing sales materials and other marketing expenses, design and website expenses, fees and expenses of our escrow agent, transfer agent, fees to attend retail seminars sponsored by participating broker-dealers and costs, expenses and reimbursements for travel, meals, accommodations, entertainment and other similar expenses related to meetings or events with current and prospective investors, broker-dealers, registered investment advisors or financial or other advisors, but excluding the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees) pursuant to the Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement. Our investment adviser may also elect to pay certain of our other expenses on our behalf (each payment of expenses, an “Expense Payment”), provided that no portion of the payment will be used to pay any interest expense or shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee of the Fund. We are obligated to reimburse our investment adviser until such time as all Expense Payments made by our investment adviser to us within three years prior to the last business day of such calendar month have been reimbursed only if certain conditions are met. In addition, our investment adviser may waive its right to receive monthly reimbursement payments from us in an applicable month. See “Plan of Distribution” and “Plan of Operation—Expenses—Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement.”

 

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Q:What are your expected operating expenses?

 

We expect to incur operating expenses in the form of our base management and incentive fee, the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees, interest expense on our borrowings and other expenses, including the expenses we pay to our administrator. See “Fees and Expenses.”

 

Q:What are your policies related to conflicts of interests with Ares and its affiliates?

 

Our investment adviser owes a fiduciary duty to us, including with respect to its receipt of compensation and the allocation of investment opportunities. Our investment adviser, Ares and their respective affiliates (collectively, the “Firm”) will be subject to certain conflicts of interest with respect to the services our investment adviser and our administrator provide for us and other investment funds, partnerships, limited liability companies, corporations or similar investment vehicles, clients or the assets or investments for the account of any client, or separate account for which, in each case, our investment adviser or one or more of its affiliates acts as general partner, manager, managing member, investment adviser, sponsor or in a similar capacity (collectively, including the Fund, “Ares Clients”). These conflicts will arise primarily from the involvement of the Firm in other activities that may conflict with our activities. You should be aware that individual conflicts will not necessarily be resolved in favor of our interest.

 

In addition, certain Ares Clients may have investment objectives that compete or overlap with, and may from time to time invest in asset classes similar to those targeted by, us. Consequently, we, on the one hand, and these other entities on the other hand, may from time to time pursue the same or similar capital and investment opportunities. Ares and our investment adviser endeavor to allocate investment opportunities in a fair and equitable manner, and in any event consistent with their fiduciary duties owed to each of their clients.

 

Our Board of Trustees is responsible for monitoring and performing an oversight role with respect to the business and affairs of the Fund, including with respect to investment practices and performance, valuations, compliance with regulatory requirements and the services, conflicts of interest, expenses and performance of service providers to the Fund. Among other things, our Board of Trustees annually approves the appointment and compensation of the investment adviser, administrator and officers and reviews and monitors the services and activities performed by the investment adviser, administrator and officers. Our investment adviser seeks to allocate investment opportunities, to the extent practicable, in a manner that is fair and equitable and consistent with our investment adviser’s allocation policy. Our investment adviser’s allocation policy is designed to manage the potential conflicts of interest between our investment adviser’s fiduciary obligations to us and its or its affiliates’ similar fiduciary obligations to other clients, including the Ares Clients; however, there can be no assurance that our investment adviser’s efforts to allocate any particular investment opportunity fairly among all clients for whom such opportunity is appropriate will result in an allocation of all or part of such opportunity to us. Not all conflicts of interest can be expected to be resolved in our favor. Our Board of Trustees monitors how the investment adviser resolves these and other conflicts of interest associated with its management services and compensation to ensure they remain appropriate.

 

See “Potential Conflicts of Interest” for additional information about conflicts of interest that could impact the Fund and “Management of the Fund” for additional information about how our Board of Trustees oversees the Fund’s management.

 

Q: Are there any ERISA considerations in connection with an investment in our Common Shares?

 

We intend to conduct our affairs so that our assets should not be deemed to constitute “plan assets” under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”) and certain U.S. Department of Labor regulations promulgated thereunder, as modified by Section 3(42) of ERISA (the “Plan Asset Regulations”). In this regard, until such time as the Common Shares are considered “publicly offered securities” within the meaning of the Plan Asset Regulations, the Fund intends to limit investment in our Common Shares by “benefit plan investors” to less than 25% of the total value of each class of our Common Shares, within the meaning of the Plan Asset Regulations.

 

In addition, each prospective investor that is, or is acting on behalf of any (i) “employee benefit plan” (within the meaning of Section 3(3) of ERISA) that is subject to Title I of ERISA, (ii) “plan” described in Section 4975(e)(1) of the Code that is subject to Section 4975 of the Code (including, for example, an individual retirement account and a “Keogh” plan), (iii) plan, account or other arrangement that is subject to the provisions of any other federal, state, local, non-U.S. or other laws or regulations that are similar to such provisions of ERISA or the Code (collectively, “Similar Laws”), or (iv) entity whose underlying assets are considered to include the assets of any of the foregoing described in clauses (i), (ii) and (iii) (each of the foregoing described in clauses (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) referred to as a “Plan”), must independently determine that our Common Shares are an appropriate investment for the Plan, taking into account its obligations under ERISA, the Code and applicable Similar Laws, and the facts and circumstances of each investing Plan.

 

 

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Prospective investors should carefully review the matters discussed under “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to an Investment in the Shares” and “Restrictions on Share Ownership” and should consult with their own advisors as to the consequences of making an investment in the Fund.

 

Q:What is the impact of being an “emerging growth company?”

 

We are an “emerging growth company,” as defined by the JOBS Act. As an emerging growth company, we are eligible to take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting and disclosure requirements that are applicable to public companies that are not emerging growth companies. For so long as we remain an emerging growth company, we will not be required to have an auditor attestation report on our internal control over financial reporting pursuant to Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”).

 

In addition, the JOBS Act provides that an emerging growth company may take advantage of an extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards that have different effective dates for public and private companies. This means that an emerging growth company can delay adopting certain accounting standards until such standards are otherwise applicable to private companies.

 

We will remain an emerging growth company for up to five years, or until the earliest of: (1) the last date of the fiscal year during which we had total annual gross revenues of $1.235 billion or more; (2) the date on which we have, during the previous three-year period, issued more than $1 billion in non-convertible debt; or (3) the date on which we are deemed to be a “large accelerated filer” as defined under Rule 12b-2 under the Exchange Act.

 

We do not believe that being an emerging growth company will have a significant impact on our business or this offering. We have elected to opt in to the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards available to emerging growth companies. Also, because we are not a large accelerated filer or an accelerated filer under Section 12b-2 of the Exchange Act, and will not be for so long as our Common Shares are not traded on a securities exchange, we will not be subject to auditor attestation requirements of Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act even once we are no longer an emerging growth company. In addition, so long as we are externally managed by our investment adviser and we do not directly compensate our executive officers, or reimburse our investment adviser or its affiliates for the salaries, bonuses, benefits and severance payments for persons who also serve as one of our executive officers or as an executive officer of our investment adviser, we do not expect to include disclosures relating to executive compensation in our periodic reports or proxy statements and, as a result, do not expect to be required to seek shareholder approval of executive compensation and golden parachute compensation arrangements pursuant to Section 14A(a) and (b) of the Exchange Act.

 

Q:When will I get my detailed tax information?

 

In the case of certain U.S. shareholders, we expect your IRS Form 1099-DIV tax information, if required, to be mailed by January 31 of each year.

 

Q:Who can help answer my questions?

 

If you have more questions about this offering or if you would like additional copies of this prospectus, you should contact your financial adviser or our transfer agent: DST Asset Manager Solutions, Inc., 1055 Broadway, Kansas City, MO 64105.

 

Recent Developments

 

Private Placement

 

Beginning in November 2022 and ending on January 30, 2023, we entered into subscription agreements with several investors providing for the commitment to purchase an aggregate of up to $847.1 million of the Fund’s unregistered Class I shares (the “Private Placement”). The Private Placement was conducted pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act and Rule 506(b) promulgated under the Securities Act and was thus exempt from registration under the Securities Act as it was made only to investors (or advisors and/or managers of such investors) with whom our investment adviser had substantive pre-existing relationships, as each of such investors (or such investor’s advisors and/or managers) was known by our investment adviser (or persons acting on our investment adviser's behalf ) due to a prior investment relationship with entities affiliated with Ares, and who are “accredited investors” under Rule 501(a) of the Securities Act.

 

Pursuant to the subscription agreements entered into between the Fund and each investor in connection with the Private Placement (the “Subscription Agreements”), the investors participating in the Private Placement (the “Private Placement Investors”) committed to purchase Class I shares at an initial offering price of $25.00 per share, to be adjusted following the initial drawdown of such Private Placement Investor’s subscription to a price per share equal to the NAV per share as of the most recently completed month-end prior to the date of such drawdown. Under the Subscription Agreements, we intend to call all capital from the Private Placement Investors prior to closing on the sale of any shares pursuant to this Registration Statement. The Subscription Agreements include an Accredited Investor Status questionnaire, which requires all investors to certify that they are “accredited investors,” as defined in Rule 501(a) of Regulation D under the Securities Act. Each Private Placement Investor’s commitment to purchase Common Shares is not conditioned on any future event within a Private Placement Investor’s control, and, as such, the Private Placement is not conditioned on any future event.

 

Pursuant to the Subscription Agreements, as of January 31, 2023, we have called an aggregate of $175.3 million from the Private Placement Investors, and in exchange therefore we have issued Class I shares to 61 shareholders, including the investment from our sole initial shareholder. We have not sold any shares of our Class S or Class D shares. 

 

We commenced operations in December 2022 after we received initial capital from the Private Placement. In connection with the commencement of our operations, the investment advisory and management agreement became effective and the base management fee and any incentive fees, as applicable, payable by us to our investment adviser under the investment advisory and management agreement began to accrue. Proceeds from the Private Placement are being invested in accordance with the Fund’s investment objective.

 

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Credit Facility

 

On December 20, 2022, we entered into a senior secured credit agreement with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. who serves as administrative agent and the lenders party thereto ( the “Credit Facility”), that provides a multicurrency commitment of $625.0 million. The end of the revolving period and the stated maturity date for the Credit Facility is December 20, 2026 and December 20, 2027, respectively. The Credit Facility also provides for a feature that allows us, under certain circumstances, to increase the overall size of the Credit Facility to a maximum of $1.05 billion. The interest rate charged on the Credit Facility is based on SOFR plus a credit spread adjustment of 0.10% (or an alternate rate of interest for certain loans, commitments and/or other extensions of credit denominated in certain approved foreign currencies plus a spread adjustment, if applicable) plus an applicable spread of either 1.75% or 1.875% or an “alternate base rate” (as defined in the agreements governing the Credit Facility) plus an applicable spread of either 0.75% or 0.875%, in each case, determined monthly based on the total amount of the borrowing base relative to the sum of (i) the greater of (a) the aggregate amount of revolving exposure under the Credit Facility and (b) 85% of the total commitments of the Credit Facility (or, if higher, the total revolving exposure) plus (ii) other debt, if any, secured by the same collateral as the Credit Facility. As of December 31, 2022, the interest rate in effect was SOFR plus 1.875%.

 

The Credit Facility also provides for a sub-limit for the issuance of letters of credit for up to an aggregate amount of $100 million. As of December 31, 2022, the Fund had no letters of credit issued through the Credit Facility. The amount available for borrowing under the Credit Facility is reduced by any letters of credit issued. The Credit Facility also provides for a sub-limit for the issuance of swingline loans for up to an aggregate amount of $100 million. As of December 31, 2022, the Fund had no swing line loans issued through the Credit Facility. The amount available for borrowing under the Credit Facility is reduced by any letters of credit issued.

 

Under the Credit Facility, the Fund is required to comply with various covenants, reporting requirements and other customary requirements for similar revolving credit facilities, including, without limitation, covenants related to: (a) limitations on the incurrence of additional indebtedness and liens, (b) limitations on certain investments, (c) limitations on certain restricted payments, (d) maintaining a certain minimum stockholders’ equity, (e) maintaining a ratio of total assets (less total liabilities not representing indebtedness) to total indebtedness of the Fund and its consolidated subsidiaries (subject to certain exceptions) of not less than 1.5:1.0, (f) limitations on pledging certain unencumbered assets, and (g) limitations on the creation or existence of agreements that prohibit liens on certain properties of the Fund and certain of its subsidiaries. These covenants are subject to important limitations and exceptions that are described in the documents governing the Credit Facility. Amounts available to borrow under the Credit Facility (and the incurrence of certain other permitted debt) are also subject to compliance with a borrowing base that applies different advance rates to different types of assets (based on their value as determined pursuant to the Credit Facility) that are pledged as collateral. The Credit Facility is secured by the assets in the Fund’s portfolio. As of December 31, 2022, there were no borrowings under the Credit Facility and the Fund was in compliance in all material respects with the terms of the Credit Facility.

 

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FEES AND EXPENSES

 

The following table is intended to assist you in understanding the costs and expenses that an investor in Common Shares will bear, directly or indirectly. Other expenses are estimated and may vary. Actual expenses may be greater or less than shown.

 

    Class S
Shares
    Class D
Shares
    Class I
Shares
 
Shareholder Transaction Expenses (Fees Paid Directly from your Investment)                        
Maximum Sales Load(1)     %     %     %
Maximum Early Repurchase Deduction(2)     2.00 %     2.00 %     2.00 %
Annual Expenses (As a Percentage of Net Assets Attributable to our Common Shares)(3)                        
Base Management Fee(4)     1.25 %     1.25 %     1.25 %
Incentive Fee(5)     %     %     %
Shareholder Servicing and/or Distribution Fee(6)     0.85 %     0.25 %     %
Interest Payment on Borrowed Funds(7)     [    ] %     [    ] %     [    ] %
Other Expenses(8)     [    ] %     [    ] %     [    ] %
Total Annual Expenses     [    ] %     [    ] %     [    ] %

 

 

(1)No upfront sales load will be paid with respect to Class S shares, Class D shares or Class I shares. However, if you buy Class S shares or Class D shares through certain selling agents, they may directly charge you transaction or other fees, including upfront placement fees or brokerage commissions, in such amount as they may determine, provided that selling agents limit such charges to a 3.5% cap on NAV for Class S shares and 1.5% cap on NAV for Class D shares. Selling agents will not charge such fees on Class I shares. Please consult your selling agent for additional information.

(2) Under our share repurchase program, to the extent we offer to repurchase shares in any particular quarter, we expect to repurchase shares pursuant to tender offers using a purchase price equal to the NAV per share as of the last calendar day of the applicable month designated by our Board of Trustees, except that the Fund deducts 2.00% from such NAV for shares that have not been outstanding for at least one year. We refer to this as the Early Repurchase Deduction. The one-year holding period is measured as of the subscription closing date immediately following the prospective repurchase date. The Early Repurchase Deduction may be waived in the case of repurchase requests arising from the death or qualified disability of the holder. The Early Repurchase Deduction will be retained by the Fund for the benefit of remaining common shareholders.

(3) Weighted average net assets employed as the denominator for expense ratio computation is $[   ] billion. This estimate is based on the assumption that we sell $[   ] billion of our Common Shares in the initial 12-month period of this offering. Actual net assets will depend on the number of shares we actually sell, realized gains/losses, unrealized appreciation/ depreciation and share repurchase activity, if any.

(4)The base management fee paid to our investment adviser is calculated at an annual rate of 1.25% of the value of our net assets as of the beginning of the first calendar day of the applicable month.

(5) We may have capital gains and investment income that could result in the payment of an incentive fee in the first year of investment operations. The incentive fee, is divided into two parts:

 

  · The first part of the incentive fee is based on income, whereby we pay our investment adviser quarterly in arrears 12.5% of our pre-incentive fee net investment income (as defined below) for each calendar quarter subject to a 5.00% annualized hurdle rate, with a catch-up.

  · The second part of the incentive fee is based on realized capital gains, whereby we pay our investment adviser at the end of each calendar year in arrears 12.5% of cumulative realized capital gains from inception through the end of such calendar year, computed net of all realized capital losses and unrealized capital depreciation on a cumulative basis as calculated in accordance with GAAP, less the aggregate amount of any previously paid capital gains incentive fees.

  

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The incentive fee is not based on a particular share class and will be allocated to each class of Common Shares based upon the relative proportion of net assets represented by such class.

 

Pre-incentive fee net investment income includes, in the case of investments with a deferred income feature (such as market discount or original issue discount, debt instruments with PIK interest, preferred stock with PIK dividends and zero coupon securities), accrued income that the Fund has not yet received in cash, and excludes the incentive fee and any shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee payable by the Class S Shares and the Class D Shares. Pre-incentive fee net investment income does not include any realized capital gains, realized capital losses or unrealized capital appreciation or depreciation. The impact of expense support payments and recoupments are also excluded from pre-incentive fee net investment income. As a result, for any calendar quarter, the incentive fee attributable to pre-incentive fee net investment income that is paid to our investment adviser may be calculated on the basis of an amount that is greater than the amount of net investment income actually earned by the Fund for such calendar quarter.

 

As we cannot predict whether we will meet the necessary performance targets, we have assumed no incentive fee for this chart. Once fully invested, we expect the incentive fee we pay to increase to the extent we earn greater income or generate capital gains through our investments in portfolio companies. If we achieved an annualized total return of [   ]% for each quarter made up entirely of net investment income, no incentive fee would be payable to our investment adviser because the hurdle rate was not exceeded. If instead we achieved a total return of [   ]% in a calendar year made up of entirely realized capital gains net of all realized capital losses and unrealized capital depreciation, an incentive fee equal to [   ]% of our net assets would be payable. See “Investment Advisory and Management Agreement and Administration Agreement” for more information concerning the incentive fee. 

 

(6) Subject to FINRA limitations on underwriting compensation, we and, ultimately, certain classes of our common shareholders, will pay the following shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees to the intermediary manager: (a) for Class S shares, a shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee equal to 0.85% per annum of the aggregate NAV as of the beginning of the first calendar day of the month for the Class S shares and (b) for Class D shares, a shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee equal to 0.25% per annum of the aggregate NAV as of the beginning of the first calendar day of the month for the Class D shares, in each case, payable monthly. No shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee will be paid with respect to the Class I shares. The intermediary manager anticipates that all or a portion of the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee will be retained by, or reallowed (paid) to, participating broker dealers. The total amount that will be paid over time for other underwriting compensation depends on the average length of time for which shares remain outstanding, the term over which such amount is measured and the performance of our investments. We will cease paying the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee on the Class S shares and Class D shares on the earlier to occur of the following: (i) a listing of Class I shares, (ii) our merger or consolidation with or into another entity, or the sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of our assets or (iii) the date following the completion of the primary portion of this offering on which, in the aggregate underwriting compensation from all sources in connection with this offering on, including shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees and other underwriting compensation, is equal to 10% of the gross proceeds from our primary offering. The total underwriting compensation and total organization and offering expenses will not exceed 10% and 15%, respectively, of the gross proceeds from this offering. See “Plan of Distribution” and “Estimated Use of Proceeds.”

 

(7) We may from time to time borrow funds to make investments, including before we have fully invested the proceeds of this continuous offering. To the extent that we determine it is appropriate to borrow funds to make investments, the costs associated with such borrowing will be indirectly borne by common shareholders. The figure in the table assumes that we borrow for investment purposes an amount equal to [   ]% of our weighted average net assets in the initial 12-month period of the offering after the initial closing for the offering of common shares pursuant to this Registration Statement, and that the average annual cost of borrowings, including the amortization of cost associated with obtaining borrowings and unused commitment fees, on the amount borrowed is [   ]%. Our ability to incur leverage during the 12 months following the commencement of this offering depends, in large part, on the amount of money we are able to raise through the sale of shares and the availability of financing in the market. See “Prospectus Summary—Recent Developments”.

 

(8) “Other expenses” includes our overhead expenses, including payments under our administration agreement based on our allocable portion of overhead and other expenses incurred by our administrator in performing its obligations under the administration agreement and our organization and offering expenses and income taxes. The amount presented in the table estimates the amounts we expect to pay during the initial 12-month period of the offering following the date of this offering. See “Prospectus Summary—Recent Developments”.

 

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We have entered into an Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement with our investment adviser, pursuant to which, among other things, our investment adviser has agreed to advance a portion of our organization and offering expenses, including expenses incurred in connection with the Private Placement. We have an obligation to reimburse our investment adviser until such time as all Expense Payments made by our investment adviser to us within three years prior to the last business day of such calendar month have been reimbursed which is conditioned upon the occurrence of certain events. In addition, our investment adviser may waive its right to receive monthly reimbursement payments from us in an applicable month. If we are required to reimburse our investment adviser pursuant to the Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement, we and, ultimately, our common shareholders, will repay such expenses pursuant to the terms of that agreement. The amount presented in this table includes the estimated impact of the organization and initial offering expenses, which includes organization and initial offering expenses incurred in connection with the Private Placement, and does not reflect the impact of our investment adviser advancing expenses or our repayment of such expenses subject to certain conditions contained in the Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement. Assuming our investment adviser advances $[   ] million of organization and offering expenses, expense support from our investment adviser would lower our total annual expenses by [    ]% for each class of Common Shares.

 

Example: We have provided an example of the projected dollar amount of total expenses that would be incurred over various periods with respect to a hypothetical $1,000 investment in each class of our Common Shares. In calculating the following expense amounts, we have assumed that:

 

(1) our annual operating expenses and offering expenses remain at the levels set forth in the table above, except to reduce annual expenses to exclude non-recurring organization and initial offering expenses,

 

(2) the annual return before fees and expenses is 5.00%,

 

(3) the net return after payment of fees and expenses is distributed to common shareholders and reinvested at NAV, and

 

(4)your financial intermediary does not directly charge you transaction or other fees.

 

Class S shares

 

Return Assumption   1 Year     3 Years     5 Years     10 Years  
You would pay the following expenses on a $1,000 investment, assuming a 5.0% annual return from net investment income:   $ [  ]     $ [  ]     $ [  ]     $ [  ]  
Total expenses assuming a 5.0% annual return solely from net realized capital gains:   $ [  ]     $ [  ]     $ [  ]     $ [  ]  

 

Class D shares

 

Return Assumption   1 Year     3 Years     5 Years     10 Years  
You would pay the following expenses on a $1,000 investment, assuming a 5.0% annual return from net investment income:   $ [  ]     $ [  ]     $ [  ]     $ [  ]  
Total expenses assuming a 5.0% annual return solely from net realized capital gains:   $ [  ]     $ [  ]     $ [  ]     $ [  ]  

 

Class I shares 

 

Return Assumption   1 Year     3 Years     5 Years     10 Years  
You would pay the following expenses on a $1,000 investment, assuming a 5.0% annual return from net investment income:   $ [  ]     $ [  ]     $ [  ]     $ [  ]  
Total expenses assuming a 5.0% annual return solely from net realized capital gains:   $ [  ]     $ [  ]     $ [  ]     $ [  ]  

 

The foregoing table is to assist you in understanding the various costs and expenses that an investor in our Common Shares will bear directly or indirectly. While the examples assume, as required by the SEC, a 5% annual return, our performance will vary and may result in a return greater or less than 5%. If we were to achieve sufficient returns on our investments, including through the realization of capital gains, to trigger an incentive fee of a material amount, our expenses, and returns to our investors, would be higher. In addition, while the example assumes reinvestment of all dividends and distributions at net asset value, if our Board of Trustees authorizes and we declare a cash dividend, participants in our distribution reinvestment plan who have elected to receive shares will receive a number of Common Shares determined by dividing the total dollar amount of the dividend payable to a participant by the NAV per share on the valuation date for the dividend. See “Distribution Reinvestment Plan” below for additional information regarding our distribution reinvestment plan.

 

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This example and the expenses in the table above should not be considered a representation of our future expenses as actual expenses (including the cost of debt, if any, and other expenses) that we may incur in the future and such actual expenses may be greater or less than those shown.

 

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RISK FACTORS

 

Investing in our Common Shares involves a number of significant risks. The following information is a discussion of material risk factors associated with an investment in our Common Shares specifically, as well as those factors generally associated with an investment in a company with an investment objective, investment policies, capital structure or traders markets similar to ours. In addition to the other information contained in this prospectus, you should consider carefully the following information before making an investment in our Common Shares. If any of the following events occur our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected. In such cases, the NAV of our Common Shares could decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment.

 

RISKS RELATING TO OUR BUSINESS AND STRUCTURE

 

We have a limited operating history.

 

We are a closed-end management investment company organized as a Delaware statutory trust. We have elected to be regulated as a BDC under the Investment Company Act. We have a limited operating history. As a result, prospective investors have a limited track record or history on which to base their investment decision. We are subject to the business risks and uncertainties associated with recently formed businesses, including the risk that we will not achieve our investment objective and the value of a shareholder’s investment could decline substantially or become worthless. Further, our investment adviser has not previously offered a non-traded business development company. While we believe that the past professional experiences of our investment adviser’s investment team, including investment and financial experience of our investment adviser’s senior management, will increase the likelihood that our investment adviser will be able to manage us successfully, there can be no assurance that this will be the case.

 

Our Board of Trustees may change our operating policies and strategies without prior notice or shareholder approval, the effects of which may be adverse to our results of operations and financial condition.

 

Our Board of Trustees has the authority to modify or waive our current operating policies, investment criteria and strategies without prior notice and without shareholder approval. We cannot predict the effect any changes to our current operating policies, investment criteria and strategies would have on our business, NAV, operating results and value of our Common Shares. However, the effects might be adverse, which could negatively impact our ability to pay you distributions and cause you to lose all or part of your investment. Moreover, we have significant flexibility in investing the net proceeds from our continuous offering and may use the net proceeds from our continuous offering in ways with which investors may not agree or for purposes other than those contemplated in this Registration Statement.

 

Our Board of Trustees may amend our Declaration of Trust without prior shareholder approval.

 

Our Board of Trustees may, without shareholder vote, subject to certain exceptions, amend or otherwise supplement the Third Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust (“Declaration of Trust”) by making an amendment, a Declaration of Trust supplemental thereto or an amended and restated Declaration of Trust, including without limitation to classify the Board of Trustees, to impose advance notice bylaw provisions for Trustee nominations or for shareholder proposals, to require super-majority approval of transactions with significant shareholders or other provisions that may be characterized as anti-takeover in nature.

 

The capital markets may experience periods of disruption and instability. Such market conditions may materially and adversely affect debt and equity capital markets, which may have a negative impact on our business and operations.

 

From time to time, capital markets may experience periods of disruption and instability, including throughout the past three fiscal years. In addition, in between 2008 and 2009, the global capital markets were unstable evidenced by periodic disruptions in liquidity in the debt capital markets, significant write-offs in the financial services sector, the re-pricing of credit risk in the broadly syndicated credit market and the failure of major financial institutions. Despite actions of the U.S. federal government and foreign governments, these events contributed to worsening general economic conditions that materially and adversely impacted the broader financial and credit markets and reduced the availability of debt and equity capital for the market as a whole and financial services firms in particular. There can be no assurance these market conditions will not continue or worsen in the future, including as a result of inflation and rising interest rates, the war in Ukraine and Russia, and health epidemics and pandemics, as discussed below.

  

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Volatility and dislocation in the capital markets can also create a challenging environment in which to raise or access equity or debt capital. The reappearance of market conditions similar to those experienced during portions of the past three fiscal years and from 2008 through 2009 for any substantial length of time could make it difficult to extend the maturity of or refinance our existing indebtedness or obtain new indebtedness with similar terms and any failure to do so could have a material adverse effect on our business. The debt capital that will be available to us in the future, if at all, may be at a higher cost and on less favorable terms and conditions than what we currently experience, including the current rising interest rate environment. If we are unable to raise or refinance debt, then our equity investors may not benefit from the potential for increased returns on equity resulting from leverage and we may be limited in our ability to make new commitments or to fund existing commitments to our portfolio companies.

 

Significant disruption or volatility in the capital markets may also have a negative effect on the valuations of our investments. While most of our investments will not be publicly traded, applicable accounting standards require us to assume as part of our valuation process that our investments are sold in a principal market to market participants (even if we plan on holding an investment through its maturity). Significant disruption or volatility in the capital markets may also affect the pace of our investment activity and the potential for liquidity events involving our investments. Thus, the illiquidity of our investments may make it difficult for us to sell such investments to access capital if required, and as a result, we could realize significantly less than the value at which we have recorded our investments if we were required to sell them for liquidity purposes. An inability to raise or access capital could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

 

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused severe disruptions in the global economy, including supply chain disruptions, which may have a negative impact on our portfolio companies and our business and operations.

 

The COVID-19 pandemic has adversely impacted global commercial activity and contributed to significant volatility in the equity and debt markets. The COVID-19 pandemic and restrictive measures taken to contain or mitigate its spread have caused, and are continuing to cause, business shutdowns, or the re-introduction of business shutdowns, cancellations of events and restrictions on travel, significant reductions in demand for certain goods and services, reductions in business activity and financial transactions, supply chain interruptions, labor shortages, increased inflationary pressure and overall economic and financial market instability both globally and in the United States. Many states, including those in which we and our portfolio companies may operate, have issued orders requiring the closure of, or certain restrictions on the operation of, certain businesses. Such actions and effects remain ongoing and the ultimate duration and severity of the COVID-19 pandemic, including COVID-19 variants, remain uncertain. While several countries, as well as certain states, counties and cities in the United States, relaxed the public health restrictions throughout 2021 partly as a result of the introduction of vaccines, recurring COVID-19 outbreaks caused by different virus variants continue to lead to the re-introduction of certain restrictions in certain states in the United States and globally. Even after the COVID-19 pandemic subsides, the U.S. economy and most other major global economies may continue to experience a recession, and our business and operations, as well as the business and operations of our portfolio companies, could be materially adversely affected by a prolonged recession in the U.S. and other major markets.

 

The COVID-19 pandemic (including the restrictive measures taken in response thereto) is having a particularly adverse impact on industries in which we may invest, including energy, hospitality, travel, retail and restaurants. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and other factors, supply chains worldwide have been, and continue to be, interrupted, slowed or rendered inoperable. The COVID-19 pandemic is continuing as of the filing date of this prospectus, and its extended duration may have further adverse impacts on economies and financial markets, including for the reasons described below. Although the U.S. government enacted the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”) on March 27, 2020, which contains provisions intended to mitigate the adverse economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, and a second and third stimulus package on December 27, 2020 and March 11, 2021, respectively, which provided $900 billion and $1.9 trillion, respectively, in resources to small businesses and individuals as well as certain industries and state and local governments that have been adversely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, it is uncertain whether, or how much, portfolio companies we may invest in have benefited or may benefit from such legislation or any other subsequent legislation intended to provide financial relief or assistance.

 

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The COVID-19 pandemic may adversely impact the fair value of any investment we make. At the time of our investments, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic may not yet be fully reflected in the fair value of such investments as our valuations, and particularly valuations of private investments and private companies, are inherently uncertain, may fluctuate over short periods of time and are often based on estimates, comparisons and qualitative evaluations of private information that is often from a time period earlier, generally two to three months, than the quarter for which we are reporting. As a result, our valuations, may not show the complete or continuing impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting restrictive measures taken in response thereto. In addition, any write downs may reduce our NAV (and, as a result, our asset coverage calculation), which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

Despite actions of the U.S. federal government and foreign governments, the uncertainty surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic, including uncertainty regarding existing or future variants and other factors, has contributed to significant volatility in the global public equity markets and global debt capital markets.

 

A failure on our part to maintain our status as a BDC may significantly reduce our operating flexibility.

 

If we fail to maintain our status as a BDC, we might be regulated as a closed-end investment company that is required to register under the Investment Company Act, which would subject us to additional regulatory restrictions and significantly decrease our operating flexibility. In addition, any such failure could cause an event of default under our outstanding indebtedness, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

 

We are dependent upon certain key personnel of Ares for our future success and upon their access to other Ares investment professionals.

 

We depend on the diligence, skill, judgment, network of business contacts and personal reputations of certain key personnel of the Ares Credit Group and our future success depends on their continued service. We also depend, to a significant extent, on access to the investment professionals of other groups within Ares, the information and deal flow generated by Ares’ investment professionals in the course of their investment and portfolio management activities, as well as the support of senior business operations professionals of Ares. Ares does not expect to provide key person life insurance in respect of, or enter into employment contracts with, such Ares key personnel.

 

The departure or misconduct of any of these individuals, or of a significant number of the investment professionals or partners of Ares, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. In addition, we cannot assure you that Ares Capital Management will remain our investment adviser or that we will continue to have access to Ares’ investment professionals or its information and deal flow. Further, there can be no assurance that Ares Strategic Income Fund will replicate Ares’ historical success, including that of Ares Capital Corporation, and we caution you that our investment returns could be substantially lower than the returns achieved by other Ares-managed funds.

 

Our financial condition and results of operations depend on our ability to manage future growth effectively.

 

Our ability to achieve our investment objective depends on our ability to acquire suitable investments and monitor and administer those investments, which depends, in turn, on our investment adviser’s ability to identify, invest in and monitor companies that meet our investment criteria.

 

Accomplishing this result on a cost-effective basis is largely a function of the structuring of our investment process and the ability of our investment adviser to provide competent, attentive and efficient services to us. Our executive officers and the members of our investment adviser’s ASIF Investment Committee (the "Investment Committee") have substantial responsibilities in connection with their roles at Ares and with the other Ares funds, including Ares Capital Corporation, as well as responsibilities under the investment advisory and management agreement. They may also be called upon to provide significant managerial assistance to certain of our portfolio companies. These demands on their time, which will increase as the number of investments grow, may distract them or slow the rate of investment. In order for us to grow, Ares will need to hire, train, supervise, manage and retain new employees. However, we cannot assure you that Ares will be able to do so effectively. Any failure to manage our future growth effectively could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

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Our ability to grow depends on our ability to raise capital.

 

We will need to periodically access the capital markets to raise cash to fund new investments in excess of our repayments, and we may also need to access the capital markets to refinance existing debt obligations to the extent such maturing obligations are not repaid with availability under our revolving credit facilities or cash flows from operations. We intend to elect to be treated as a RIC and operate in a manner so as to qualify for the U.S. federal income tax treatment applicable to RICs. Among other things, in order to maintain our RIC status, we must distribute to our common shareholders on a timely basis generally an amount equal to at least 90% of our investment company taxable income, and, as a result, such distributions will not be available to fund investment originations or repay maturing debt. We must continue to borrow from financial institutions and issue additional securities to fund our growth. Unfavorable economic or capital market conditions may increase our funding costs, limit our access to the capital markets or could result in a decision by lenders not to extend credit to us. An inability to successfully access the capital markets may limit our ability to refinance our existing debt obligations as they come due and/or to fully execute our business strategy and could limit our ability to grow or cause us to have to shrink the size of our business, which could decrease our earnings, if any.

 

In addition, we are currently allowed to borrow amounts or issue debt securities or preferred stock, which we refer to collectively as “senior securities,” such that our asset coverage, as calculated pursuant to the Investment Company Act, equals at least 150% (or 200% if certain requirements under the Investment Company Act are not met) immediately after such borrowing (i.e., we are able to borrow up to two dollars for every dollar we have in assets less all liabilities and indebtedness not represented by senior securities issued by us). Such requirement, in certain circumstances, may restrict our ability to borrow or issue debt securities or preferred stock. The amount of leverage that we employ will depend on our investment adviser’s and our Board of Trustees’ assessments of market and other factors at the time of any proposed borrowing or issuance of senior securities. We cannot assure you that we will be able to extend the maturity of or refinance any existing indebtedness, or obtain lines of credit or issue senior securities at all or on terms acceptable to us.

 

Regulations governing our operation as a BDC affect our ability to, and the way in which we, raise additional capital.

 

We may issue senior securities or borrow money from banks or other financial institutions, up to the maximum amount permitted by the Investment Company Act. As a BDC, we are permitted to incur indebtedness or issue senior securities only in amounts such that our asset coverage, as calculated pursuant to the Investment Company Act, equals at least 150% after each such incurrence or issuance (i.e., we are able to borrow up to two dollars for every dollar we have in assets less all liabilities and indebtedness not represented by senior securities issued by us) if certain requirements under the Investment Company Act are met. If the value of our assets declines, we may be unable to satisfy this test, which may prohibit us from making distributions and could prevent us from maintaining our status as a RIC or may prohibit us from repurchasing shares of our Common Shares. In addition, our inability to satisfy this test could cause an event of default under our existing indebtedness. If we cannot satisfy this test, we may be required to sell a portion of our investments at a time when such sales may be disadvantageous and, depending on the nature of our leverage, repay a portion of our indebtedness. Accordingly, any failure to satisfy this test could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. As of December 31, 2022, we had no borrowings outstanding under our Credit Facility. Also, to generate cash for funding new investments, we may in the future seek to issue additional debt or to securitize certain of our loans. The Investment Company Act may impose restrictions on the structure of any such securitization.

 

The requirement that we invest a sufficient portion of our assets in Qualifying Assets could preclude us from investing in accordance with our current business strategy; conversely, the failure to invest a sufficient portion of our assets in Qualifying Assets could result in our failure to maintain our status as a BDC.

 

Under the Investment Company Act, a BDC may not acquire any asset other than assets of the type listed in section 55(a) of the Investment Company Act described as “qualifying” assets (“Qualifying Assets”) unless, at the time of and after giving effect to such acquisition, at least 70% of our total assets are Qualifying Assets. Therefore, we may be precluded from investing in what we believe are attractive investments if such investments are not Qualifying Assets. Conversely, if we fail to invest a sufficient portion of our assets in Qualifying Assets, we could lose our status as a BDC, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Similarly, these rules could prevent us from making additional investments in existing portfolio companies, which could result in the dilution of our position, or could require us to dispose of investments at an inopportune time to comply with the Investment Company Act. If we were forced to sell non-qualifying investments in the portfolio for compliance purposes, the proceeds from such sale could be significantly less than the current value of such investments.

 

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We will borrow money, which magnifies the potential for gain or loss on amounts invested and may increase the risk of investing with us.

 

Borrowings, also known as leverage, magnify the potential for gain or loss on amounts invested and, therefore, increase the risks associated with investing in our securities. We currently may borrow under the Credit Facility and will in the future borrow from or issue other senior securities, and in the future may borrow from, or issue senior securities to banks, insurance companies, funds, institutional investors and other lenders and investors. Lenders and holders of such senior securities will have fixed dollar claims on our consolidated assets that will be superior to the claims of our common shareholders or any preferred shareholders. If the value of our consolidated assets increases, then leveraging would cause the NAV per share of our Common Shares to increase more sharply than it would have had we not incurred leverage.

 

Conversely, if the value of our consolidated assets decreases, leveraging would cause net asset value to decline more sharply than it otherwise would have had we not incurred leverage. Similarly, any increase in our consolidated income in excess of consolidated interest payable on the borrowed funds would cause our net income to increase more than it would had we not incurred leverage, while any decrease in our consolidated income would cause net income to decline more sharply than it would have had we not incurred leverage. Such a decline could negatively affect our ability to make Common Shares dividend payments. There can be no assurance that a leveraging strategy will be successful.

 

As of December 31, 2022, we had no outstanding borrowings under our Credit Facility. We intend to borrow under the Credit Facility in the future and we may increase the size of the Credit Facility or issue debt securities or other evidences of indebtedness (although there can be no assurance that we will be successful in doing so). For more information on our indebtedness, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources.”

 

Our ability to service our debt depends largely on our financial performance and is subject to prevailing economic conditions and competitive pressures. The amount of leverage that we employ at any particular time will depend on our investment adviser’s and our Board of Trustees’ assessments of market and other factors at the time of any proposed borrowing. We may borrow amounts such that our asset coverage, as calculated pursuant to the Investment Company Act, equals at least 150% (or 200% if certain requirements under the Investment Company Act are not met) after such borrowing (i.e., we are able to borrow up to two dollars for every dollar we have in assets less all liabilities and indebtedness not represented by senior securities issued by us).

 

Our Credit Facility under which we may borrow imposes financial and operating covenants that restrict our business activities, including limitations that could hinder our ability to finance additional loans and investments or to make the distributions required to maintain our status as a RIC. A failure to renew any such debt facilities or to add new or replacement debt facilities or to issue additional debt securities or other evidences of indebtedness could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

See “Prospectus Summary Recent Developments” and “Plan of OperationFinancial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources” for more information regarding our borrowings.

 

Because our sole initial shareholder has approved a proposal that allows us to reduce our asset coverage ratio to 150%, we are subject to a 150% asset coverage.

 

Recent legislation has modified the Investment Company Act by allowing a BDC to increase the maximum amount of leverage it may incur from an asset coverage ratio of 200% to an asset coverage ratio of 150% if certain requirements are met. The reduced asset coverage requirement permits a BDC to borrow up to two dollars for every dollar it has in assets less all liabilities and indebtedness not represented by senior securities issued by it. Because an affiliate of our investment adviser, as our sole initial shareholder, has approved a proposal that allows us to reduce our asset coverage ratio to 150%, the ratio applicable to our senior securities is 150%.

 

Leverage magnifies the potential for loss on investments in our indebtedness and on invested equity capital. As we may use leverage to partially finance our investments, you will experience increased risks of investing in our securities. If the value of our assets increases, then leveraging would cause the NAV attributable to our Common Shares to increase more sharply than it would had we not leveraged our business. Similarly, any increase in our income in excess of interest payable on the borrowed funds would cause our net investment income to increase more than it would without the leverage, while any decrease in our income would cause net investment income to decline more sharply than it would have had we not borrowed. Such a decline could negatively affect our ability to make distributions or pay dividends on our Common Shares, make scheduled debt payments or other payments related to our securities. Leverage is generally considered a speculative investment technique. See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business and Structure—We will borrow money, which magnifies the potential for gain or loss on amounts invested and may increase the risk of investing with us.”

 

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In addition to regulatory requirements that restrict our ability to raise capital, our Credit Facility contains various covenants that, if not complied with, could accelerate repayment under our Credit Facility, thereby materially and adversely affecting our liquidity, financial condition and results of operations.

 

Our Credit Facility requires us, and any future agreements governing any debt facilities may require us, to comply with certain financial and operational covenants. These covenants may include, among other things:

 

·restrictions on the level of indebtedness that we are permitted to incur in relation to the value of our assets;

 

·restrictions on our ability to incur liens; and

 

·maintenance of a minimum level of shareholders’ equity.

 

As of the date of this Registration Statement, we are in compliance in all material respects with the covenants of the Credit Facility. However, our continued compliance with these covenants depends on many factors, some of which are beyond our control. For example, depending on the condition of the public debt and equity markets and pricing levels, unrealized depreciation in our portfolio may increase in the future. Any such increase could result in our inability to comply with our obligation to restrict the level of indebtedness that we are able to incur in relation to the value of our assets or to maintain a minimum level of shareholders’ equity.

 

Accordingly, although we believe we will continue to be in compliance, there are no assurances that we will continue to comply with the covenants in the Credit Facility. Failure to comply with these covenants could result in a default under the Credit Facility, that, if we were unable to obtain a waiver from the lenders or holders of such indebtedness, as applicable, such lenders or holders could accelerate repayment under such indebtedness and thereby have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

We may form one or more CLOs, which may subject us to certain structured financing risks.

 

To finance investments, we may securitize certain of our secured loans or other investments, including through the formation of one or more CLOs, while retaining all or most of the exposure to the performance of these investments. This would involve contributing a pool of assets to a special purpose entity, and selling debt interests in such entity on a non-recourse or limited-recourse basis to purchasers. It is possible that an interest in any such CLO held by us may be considered a “non-qualifying” portfolio investment for purposes of the Investment Company Act.

 

If we create a CLO, we will depend in part on distributions from the CLO’s assets out of its earnings and cash flows to enable us to make distributions to shareholders. The ability of a CLO to make distributions will be subject to various limitations, including the terms and covenants of the debt it issues. Also, a CLO may take actions that delay distributions in order to preserve ratings and to keep the cost of present and future financings lower or the CLO may be obligated to retain cash or other assets to satisfy over-collateralization requirements commonly provided for holders of the CLO’s debt, which could impact our ability to receive distributions from the CLO. If we do not receive cash flow from any such CLO that is necessary to satisfy the Annual Distribution Requirement (defined below) for maintaining RIC status, and we are unable to obtain cash from other sources necessary to satisfy this requirement, we may not maintain our qualification as a RIC, which would have a material adverse effect on an investment in the shares.

 

In addition, a decline in the credit quality of loans in a CLO due to poor operating results of the relevant borrower, declines in the value of loan collateral or increases in defaults, among other things, may force a CLO to sell certain assets at a loss, reducing their earnings and, in turn, cash potentially available for distribution to us for distribution to shareholders. To the extent that any losses are incurred by the CLO in respect of any collateral, such losses will be borne first by us as owner of equity interests in the CLO. Furthermore, we will generally not have direct rights against the underlying borrowers or entities that sponsor CLOs, which means we will not be able to directly enforce any rights and remedies in the event of a default of a loan held by a CLO vehicle. As a result of these risks, our exposure to losses on our CLOs may be increased.

 

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The manager for a CLO that we create may be the Fund, our investment adviser or an affiliate, and such manager may be entitled to receive compensation for structuring and/or management services. To the extent our investment adviser or an affiliate other than the Fund serves as manager and the Fund is obligated to compensate our investment adviser or the affiliate for such services, we, our investment adviser or the affiliate will implement offsetting arrangements to assure that we, and indirectly, our common shareholders, pay no additional management fees to our investment adviser or the affiliate in connection therewith. To the extent we serve as manager, we will waive any right to receive fees for such services from the Fund (and indirectly its shareholders) or any affiliate.

 

We operate in a highly competitive market for investment opportunities.

 

A number of entities compete with us to make the types of investments that we make in middle-market companies. We compete with other BDCs, public and private funds, commercial and investment banks, commercial financing companies, insurance companies, hedge funds, and, to the extent they provide an alternative form of financing, private equity funds. Some of our competitors are substantially larger and have considerably greater financial, technical and marketing resources than we do. Some competitors may have a lower cost of funds and access to funding sources that are not available to us. In addition, some of our competitors may have higher risk tolerances or different risk assessments, which could allow them to consider a wider variety of investments and establish more relationships than us. Furthermore, many of our competitors are not subject to the regulatory restrictions that the Investment Company Act imposes on us as a BDC and that the Code imposes on us as a RIC. In addition, new competitors frequently enter the financing markets in which we operate. We cannot assure you that the competitive pressures we face will not have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Also, as a result of this competition, we may not be able to pursue attractive investment opportunities from time to time.

 

We do not seek to compete primarily based on the interest rates we offer and we believe that some of our competitors may make loans with interest rates that are comparable to or lower than the rates we offer. Rather, we compete with our competitors based on our existing investment platform, seasoned investment professionals, experience and focus on middle-market companies, disciplined investment philosophy, extensive industry focus and flexible transaction structuring. For a more detailed discussion of these competitive advantages, see “Investment Objective and Strategies—Competitive Advantages.”

 

We may lose investment opportunities if we do not match our competitors’ pricing, terms and structure. The loss of such investment opportunities may limit our ability to grow or cause us to have to shrink the size of our portfolio, which could decrease our earnings. If we match our competitors’ pricing, terms and structure, we may experience decreased net interest income and increased risk of credit loss. As a result of operating in such a competitive environment, we may make investments that are on less favorable terms than what we may have originally anticipated, which may impact our return on these investments.

 

Our ability to enter into transactions with our affiliates is restricted.

 

We are prohibited under the Investment Company Act from participating in certain transactions with certain of our affiliates (including portfolio companies of other clients) without the prior approval of a majority of the independent members of our Board of Trustees and, in some cases, the SEC. Any person that owns, directly or indirectly, 5% or more of our outstanding voting securities will be our affiliate for purposes of the Investment Company Act and generally we will be prohibited from buying or selling any securities from or to such affiliate, absent the prior approval of our Board of Trustees. However, we may under certain circumstances purchase any such affiliate’s loans or securities in the secondary market, which could create a conflict for our investment adviser between our interests and the interests of such affiliate, in that the ability of our investment adviser to recommend actions in our best interest may be limited. The Investment Company Act also prohibits certain “joint” transactions with certain of our affiliates, which could include investments in the same portfolio company (whether at the same or closely related times), without prior approval of our Board of Trustees and, in some cases, the SEC. If a person acquires more than 25% of our voting securities, we will be prohibited from buying or selling any security from or to such person or certain of that person’s affiliates, or entering into prohibited joint transactions (including certain co-investments) with such persons, absent the prior approval of the SEC. Similar restrictions limit our ability to transact business with our officers, Trustees, investment advisers, sub-advisers or their affiliates. As a result of these restrictions, we may be prohibited from buying or selling any security from or to any fund or any portfolio company of a fund managed by our investment adviser, or entering into joint arrangements such as certain co-investments with these companies or funds without the prior approval of the SEC, which may limit the scope of investment opportunities that would otherwise be available to us.

 

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We, our investment adviser and certain of our affiliates have received the Co-Investment Exemptive Order from the SEC that permits us and other BDCs and registered closed-end management investment companies managed by Ares to co-invest in portfolio companies with each other and with affiliated investment funds. Co-investments made under the Co-Investment Exemptive Order are subject to compliance with certain conditions and other requirements, which could limit our ability to participate in a co-investment transaction. Our Board of Trustees has established a co-investment committee to review and make certain findings in respect of co-investment transactions pursuant to the Co-Investment Exemptive Order. We may also otherwise co-invest with funds managed by Ares or any of its downstream affiliates, subject to compliance with existing regulatory guidance, applicable regulations and our investment adviser’s allocation policy.

 

There are significant potential conflicts of interest that could impact our investment returns.

 

Conflicts may arise in allocating and structuring investments, time, services, expenses or resources among the investment activities of Ares funds (including Ares Capital Corporation), Ares, other Ares-affiliated entities and the employees of Ares. Certain of our executive officers and Trustees, and members of the Investment Committee, serve or may serve as officers, Trustees or principals of other entities and affiliates of our investment adviser and investment funds managed by our investment adviser or its affiliates, including Ares Capital Corporation. These officers and trustees will devote such portion of their time to our affairs as is required for the performance of their duties, but they are not required to devote all of their time to us. Accordingly, they may have obligations to investors in those entities, the fulfillment of which might not be in our or our common shareholders’ best interests or may require them to devote time to services for other entities, which could interfere with the time available to provide services to us. Members of our investment adviser’s Investment Committee may have significant responsibilities for other Ares funds, including Ares Capital Corporation. Similarly, although the professional staff of our investment adviser will devote as much time to the management of us as appropriate to enable our investment adviser to perform its duties in accordance with the investment advisory and management agreement, the investment professionals of our investment adviser may have conflicts in allocating their time and services among us, on the one hand, and investment vehicles managed by our investment adviser or one or more of its affiliates, on the other hand. These activities could be viewed as creating a conflict of interest insofar as the time and effort of the professional staff of our investment adviser and its officers and employees will not be devoted exclusively to our business but will instead be allocated between our business and the management of these other investment vehicles.

 

In addition, certain Ares funds may have investment objectives that compete or overlap with, and may from time to time invest in asset classes similar to those targeted by, the Fund. Consequently, we, on the one hand, and these other entities, on the other hand, may from time to time pursue the same or similar capital and investment opportunities. Ares and our investment adviser endeavor to allocate investment opportunities in a fair and equitable manner, and in any event consistent with any fiduciary duties owed to the Fund. Nevertheless, it is possible that we may not be given the opportunity to participate in certain investments made by investment funds managed by investment managers affiliated with Ares (including our investment adviser and its affiliates). In addition, there may be conflicts in the allocation of investments among us and the funds managed by investment managers affiliated with Ares (including our investment adviser and its affiliates) or one or more of our controlled affiliates or among the funds they manage, including investments made pursuant to the Co-Investment Exemptive Order. Further, such other Ares-managed funds may hold positions in portfolio companies in which the Fund has also invested. Such investments may raise potential conflicts of interest between the Fund and such other Ares-managed funds, particularly if the Fund and such other Ares-managed funds invest in different classes or types of securities or investments of the same underlying portfolio company. In that regard, actions may be taken by such other Ares-managed funds that are adverse to the Fund’s interests, including, but not limited to, during a restructuring, bankruptcy or other insolvency proceeding or similar matter occurring at the underlying portfolio company.

 

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We may from time to time offer to sell assets to vehicles managed by one or more of our affiliates or we may purchase assets from vehicles managed by one or more of our affiliates. In addition, vehicles managed by one or more of our affiliates may offer assets to or may purchase assets from one another. While assets may be sold or purchased at prices that are consistent with those that could be obtained from third parties in the marketplace, and although these types of transactions generally require approval of one or more independent parties, there may be an inherent conflict of interest in such transactions between us and funds managed by one of our affiliates (including our investment adviser and its affiliates).

 

We pay a base management fee and an incentive fee to our investment adviser, and reimburse our investment adviser for certain expenses it incurs. Ares, from time to time, incurs fees, costs, and expenses on behalf of more than one fund. To the extent such fees, costs, and expenses are incurred for the account or benefit of more than one fund, each such fund will typically bear an allocable portion of any such fees, costs, and expenses in proportion to the size of its investment in the activity or entity to which such expense relates (subject to the terms of each fund’s governing documents) or in such other manner as Ares considers fair and equitable under the circumstances such as the relative fund size or capital available to be invested by such funds. Where a fund’s governing documents do not permit the payment of a particular expense, Ares will generally pay such fund’s allocable portion of such expense.

 

Our investment adviser’s base management fee is based on a percentage of our net assets and, consequently, our investment adviser may have conflicts of interest in connection with decisions that could affect our net assets, such as decisions as to whether to incur indebtedness, or to make future investments. We may borrow amounts such that our asset coverage, as calculated pursuant to the Investment Company Act, equals at least 150% (or 200% if certain requirements under the Investment Company Act are not met) after such borrowing (i.e., we are able to borrow up to two dollars for every dollar we have in assets less all liabilities and indebtedness not represented by senior securities issued by us).

 

Accordingly, our investment adviser may have conflicts of interest in connection with decisions to use increased leverage permitted under our asset coverage requirement applicable to senior securities, as the incurrence of such additional indebtedness would result in an increase in the base management fee payable to our investment adviser and may also result in an increase in the incentive fee payable to our investment adviser.

 

The incentive fee payable by us to our investment adviser that relate to our pre-incentive fee net investment income is computed and paid on income that may include interest that is accrued but not yet received in cash. If a portfolio company defaults on a loan that is structured to provide accrued interest, it is possible that accrued interest previously used in the calculation of such fee will become uncollectible. Our investment adviser is not under any obligation to reimburse us for any part of the incentive fee it received that were based on accrued interest that we never actually receive.

 

Our investment advisory and management agreement renews for successive annual periods if approved by our Board of Trustees or by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of our outstanding voting securities, including, in either case, approval by a majority of our Trustees who are not “interested persons” of us as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the Investment Company Act (“independent Trustees”). However, both we and our investment adviser have the right to terminate the agreement without penalty upon 60 days’ written notice by the Fund or upon 120 days’ written notice by our investment adviser to the other party. Moreover, conflicts of interest may arise if our investment adviser seeks to change the terms of our investment advisory and management agreement, including, for example, the terms for compensation to our investment adviser. While any material change to the investment advisory and management agreement must be submitted to shareholders for approval under the Investment Company Act, we may from time to time decide it is appropriate to seek shareholder approval to change the terms of the agreement.

 

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We are party to an administration agreement with our administrator, Ares Operations, a subsidiary of Ares Management, pursuant to which our administrator furnishes us with administrative services. Payments under the administration agreement are equal to an amount based upon our allocable portion of our administrator’s overhead and other expenses (including travel expenses) incurred by our administrator in performing its obligations under the administration agreement, including our allocable portion of the compensation, rent and other expenses of certain of our officers and their respective staffs.

 

Our future repayment of amounts reimbursed or waived by our investment adviser or its affiliates, including any organization and initial offering expenses, which includes all of our organization and initial offering expenses incurred in connection with our Private Placement, pursuant to the Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement, will, if we are required to reimburse our investment adviser pursuant to the agreement, reduce our NAV at the time we make such reimbursement payment and may reduce future distributions to which you would otherwise be entitled. In the initial stages of our offering, as our investment adviser has agreed to advance a portion of our organization and initial offering expenses, including all of our organization and initial offering expenses incurred in connection with the Private Placement, pursuant to the Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement, the indirect impact of any expenses advanced by our investment adviser may prevent or reduce a decline in NAV by mitigating the effects of certain expenses. We are unable to predict when we, and ultimately our common shareholders, will repay expenses advanced by our investment adviser because repayment under the Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement is conditioned upon the occurrence of certain events, and the investment adviser can waive reimbursement of expenses in any applicable month. In addition, holders of Class S and Class D shares may be impacted by the shareholder and distribution fees borne by such classes resulting in a decline in our returns and our distributions payable in the class of Common Shares upon which such fee is being paid.

 

As a result of the arrangements described above, there may be times when the management team of Ares Management (including those members of management focused primarily on managing Ares Strategic Income Fund) has interests that differ from those of our common shareholders, giving rise to a conflict. Additionally, the members of management focused on managing Ares Strategic Income Fund will also manage other Ares funds, including Ares Capital Corporation, and, consequently, will need to devote significant attention and time to managing other Ares funds, including Ares Capital Corporation, in addition to Ares Strategic Income Fund.

 

Our common shareholders may have conflicting investment, tax and other objectives with respect to their investments in us. The conflicting interests of individual shareholders may relate to or arise from, among other things, the nature of our investments, the structure or the acquisition of our investments, and the timing of dispositions of our investments. As a consequence, conflicts of interest may arise in connection with decisions made by our investment adviser, including with respect to the nature or structuring of our investments, that may be more beneficial for one shareholder than for another shareholder, especially with respect to shareholders’ individual tax situations. In selecting and structuring investments appropriate for us, our investment adviser will consider the investment and tax objectives of the Fund and our common shareholders, as a whole, not the investment, tax or other objectives of any common shareholder individually. See “Potential Conflicts of Interests.”

 

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We may be subject to additional corporate-level income taxes if we fail to maintain our status as a RIC.

 

We intend to elect to be treated as a RIC under the Code and operate in a manner so as to qualify for the U.S. federal income tax treatment applicable to RICs. As a RIC, we generally will not pay U.S. federal corporate-level income taxes on our income and net capital gains that we distribute to our common shareholders as dividends on a timely basis. We will be subject to U.S. federal corporate-level income tax on any undistributed income and/or gains. To maintain our status as a RIC, we must meet certain source of income, asset diversification and annual distribution requirements. We may also be subject to certain U.S. federal excise taxes, as well as state, local and foreign taxes.

 

To maintain our RIC status, we must timely distribute an amount equal to at least 90% of our investment company taxable income (as defined by the Code, which generally includes net ordinary income and net short term capital gains) to our common shareholders (the “Annual Distribution Requirement”). We have the ability to pay a large portion of our dividends in shares of our stock, and as long as a portion of such dividend is paid in cash and other requirements are met, such stock dividends will be taxable as a dividend for U.S. federal income tax purposes. This may result in our U.S. shareholders having to pay tax on such dividends, even if no cash is received, and may result in our non-U.S. shareholders being subject to withholding tax in respect of amounts distributed in our stock. Because we use debt financing, we are subject to certain asset coverage ratio requirements under the Investment Company Act and financial covenants under our indebtedness that could, under certain circumstances, restrict us from making distributions necessary to qualify as a RIC. If we are unable to obtain cash from other sources, we may fail to maintain our status as a RIC and, thus, may be subject to corporate-level income tax on all of our income and/or gains.

 

To maintain our status as a RIC, in addition to the Annual Distribution Requirement, we must also meet certain annual source of income requirements at the end of each taxable year and asset diversification requirements at the end of each calendar quarter. Failure to meet these requirements may result in our having to (a) dispose of certain investments quickly or (b) raise additional capital to prevent the loss of RIC status. Because most of our investments are in private companies and are generally illiquid, any such dispositions may be at disadvantageous prices and may result in losses. Also, the rules applicable to our qualification as a RIC are complex with many areas of uncertainty. Accordingly, no assurance can be given that we have qualified or will continue to qualify as a RIC. If we fail to maintain our status as a RIC for any reason and become subject to regular “C” corporation income tax, the resulting corporate-level income taxes could substantially reduce our net assets, the amount of income available for distribution and the amount of our distributions. Such a failure would have a material adverse effect on us and on any investment in us. Certain provisions of the Code provide some relief from RIC disqualification due to failures of the source of income and asset diversification requirements, although there may be additional taxes due in such cases. We cannot assure you that we would qualify for any such relief should we fail the source of income or asset diversification requirements.

 

We may have difficulty paying our required distributions under applicable tax rules if we recognize income before or without receiving cash representing such income.

 

For U.S. federal income tax purposes, we may be required to include in income certain amounts that we have not yet received in cash, such as original issue discount, which may arise, for example, if we receive warrants in connection with the making of a loan, or payment-in-kind (“PIK”) interest representing contractual interest added to the loan principal balance and due at the end of the loan term. Such original issue discount or PIK interest is included in income before we receive any corresponding cash payments. We also may be required to include in income certain other amounts that we will not receive in cash, including, for example, amounts attributable to hedging and foreign currency transactions.

 

Since, in certain cases, we may recognize income before or without receiving cash in respect of such income, we may have difficulty meeting the U.S. federal income tax requirement to distribute generally an amount equal to at least 90% of our investment company taxable income to maintain our status as a RIC. Accordingly, we may have to sell some of our investments at times we would not consider advantageous, raise additional debt or equity capital or reduce new investment originations to meet these distribution requirements. If we are not able to obtain cash from other sources, we may fail to qualify as a RIC and thus be subject to additional corporate-level income taxes. Such a failure could have a material adverse effect on us and on any investment in us.

 

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We are exposed to risks associated with changes in interest rates, including the current rising interest rate environment.

 

General interest rate fluctuations may have a substantial negative impact on our investments and our investment returns and, accordingly, may have a material adverse effect on our investment objective and our net investment income.

 

In an effort to combat inflation, the U.S. Federal Reserve has increased the federal funds rate in 2022 and is widely expected to further increase the federal funds rate in 2023. Because we will borrow money, including under our Credit Facility, and may issue debt securities or preferred stock to make investments, our net investment income is dependent upon the difference between the rate at which we borrow funds or pay interest or dividends on such debt securities or preferred stock and the rate at which we invest these funds. In this period of rising interest rates, our interest income will increase as the majority of our portfolio bears interest at variable rates while our cost of funds will also increase, which could result in an increase to our net investment income. Conversely, if interest rates decrease, we may earn less interest income from investments and our cost of funds will also decrease, which could result in lower net investment income. From time to time, we may also enter into certain hedging transactions to mitigate our exposure to changes in interest rates. However, we cannot assure you that such transactions will be successful in mitigating our exposure to interest rate risk. There can be no assurance that a significant change in market interest rates will not have a material adverse effect on our net investment income.

 

Our portfolio primarily consists of fixed and floating rate investments. Market prices tend to fluctuate more for fixed-rate securities that have longer maturities. Although we have no policy governing the maturities of our investments, under current market conditions we expect that we will invest in a portfolio of debt generally having maturities of up to 10 years. Market prices for debt that pays a fixed-rate of return tend to decline as interest rates rise. This means that we are subject to greater risk (other things being equal) than a fund invested solely in shorter-term, fixed-rate securities. Market prices for floating rate investments may also fluctuate in rising rate environments with prices tending to decline when credit spreads widen. A decline in the prices of the debt we own could adversely affect the NAV of our Common Shares.

 

Rising interest rates may also increase the cost of debt for our underlying portfolio companies, which could adversely impact their financial performance and ability to meet ongoing obligations to us. Also, an increase in interest rates available to investors could make an investment in our Common Shares less attractive if we are not able to pay dividends at a level that provides a similar return, which could reduce the value of our Common Shares.

 

Most of our portfolio investments will not be publicly traded and, as a result, the fair value of these investments may not be readily determinable.

 

A large percentage of our portfolio investments will not be publicly traded. The fair value of investments that are not publicly traded may not be readily determinable. We value these investments monthly at fair value as determined in good faith by our investment adviser, as the valuation designee, subject to the oversight of our Board of Trustees, based on, among other things, the input of independent third-party valuation firms that have been engaged to support the valuation of such portfolio investments at least once during a trailing 12-month period (with certain de minimis exceptions). The valuation process will be conducted at the end of each calendar month by our investment adviser, and a portion of our investment portfolio at fair value is subject to review by an independent third-party valuation firm each month. However, we may use these independent valuation firms to review the value of our investments more frequently, including in connection with the occurrence of significant events or changes in value affecting a particular investment. In addition, our independent registered public accounting firm obtains an understanding of, and performs select procedures relating to, our investment adviser’s valuation process within the context of performing our integrated audit.

 

The types of factors that may be considered in valuing our investments include the enterprise value of the portfolio company (the entire value of the portfolio company to a market participant, including the sum of the values of debt and equity securities used to capitalize the enterprise at a point in time), the nature and realizable value of any collateral, the portfolio company’s ability to make payments and its earnings and discounted cash flows, the markets in which the portfolio company does business, a comparison of the portfolio company’s securities to similar publicly traded securities, changes in the interest rate environment and the credit markets generally that may affect the price at which similar investments would trade in their principal markets and other relevant factors. When an external event such as a purchase transaction, public offering or subsequent equity sale occurs, we consider the pricing indicated by the external event to corroborate our valuation. Because such valuations, and particularly valuations of private investments and private companies, are inherently uncertain, may fluctuate over short periods of time and may be based on estimates, our determinations of fair value may differ materially from the values that would have been used if a ready market for these investments existed and may differ materially from the values that we may ultimately realize. Our NAV per share could be adversely affected if our determinations regarding the fair value of these investments are higher than the values that we realize upon disposition of such investments.

 

The lack of liquidity in our investments may adversely affect our business.

 

As we generally make investments in private companies, substantially all of these investments are subject to legal and other restrictions on resale or are otherwise less liquid than publicly traded securities. The illiquidity of our investments may make it difficult for us to sell such investments if the need arises. In addition, if we are required to liquidate all or a portion of our portfolio quickly, we could realize significantly less than the value at which we have recorded our investments or could be unable to dispose of our investments in a timely manner. In addition, we may face other restrictions on our ability to liquidate an investment in a portfolio company to the extent that we or an affiliated manager of Ares has material non-public information regarding such portfolio company.

 

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Our financial condition and results of operations could be negatively affected if a significant investment fails to perform as expected.

 

Our investment portfolio includes investments that may be significant individually or in the aggregate. If a significant investment in one or more companies fails to perform as expected, such a failure could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results, and the magnitude of such effect could be more significant than if we had further diversified our portfolio.

 

We are subject to risks related to corporate social responsibility.

 

Our business (including that of our portfolio companies) faces increasing public scrutiny related to environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) activities, which are increasingly considered to contribute to the long-term sustainability of a company’s performance. A variety of organizations measure the performance of companies on ESG topics, and the results of these assessments are widely publicized. In addition, investment in funds that specialize in companies that perform well in such assessments are increasingly popular, and major institutional investors have publicly emphasized the importance of such ESG measures to their investment decisions. Ares also recognizes the importance of considering ESG factors in the investment-decision making process in accordance with its Responsible Investment Program. Although the Fund does not have a dedicated ESG investment policy, it expects to benefit from its investment adviser’s Responsible Investment Program. In accordance with Ares’ Responsible Investment Program, Ares seeks to integrate ESG factors into its investment process, where such data is available, to understand ESG risks and opportunities as part of its investment approach. ESG factors are only some of the many factors that Ares considers in making an investment.

 

There is a risk of damage to our brand and reputation and the brand and reputation of our investment adviser for failing to act responsibly in a number of areas, such as diversity, equity and inclusion, human rights, climate change and environmental stewardship, support for local communities, corporate governance and transparency and if Ares fails to consider these types of ESG factors in its investment processes in accordance with Ares’ Responsible Investment Program. Adverse incidents with respect to ESG activities could impact our relationship with existing and future portfolio companies, the cost of our operations and our relationships with investors, any or all of which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

Additionally, new regulatory initiatives related to ESG that are applicable to us and our portfolio companies could adversely affect our business. For example, in May 2018, the European Commission adopted an “action plan on financing sustainable growth”. The action plan is, among other things, designed to define and reorient investment toward sustainability. The action plan contemplates: establishing European Union (“EU”) labels for green financial products; increasing disclosure requirements in the financial services sector around ESG and strengthening the transparency of companies on their ESG policies and introducing a ‘green supporting factor’ in the EU prudential rules for banks and insurance companies to incorporate climate risks into banks’ and insurance companies’ risk management policies. There is a risk that a significant reorientation in the market following the implementation of these and further measures could be adverse to our portfolio companies if they are perceived to be less valuable as a consequence of, e.g., their carbon footprint or “greenwashing” (i.e., the holding out of a product as having green or sustainable characteristics where this is not, in fact, the case). We and our portfolio companies are subject to the risk that similar measures might be introduced in other jurisdictions in the future.

 

There is also a growing regulatory interest across jurisdictions in improving transparency regarding the definition, measurement and disclosure of ESG factors in order to allow investors to validate and better understand sustainability claims. In addition, in 2021 the SEC established an enforcement task force to look into ESG practices and disclosures by public companies and investment managers and has started to bring enforcement actions based on ESG disclosures not matching actual investment processes.

 

In addition, the SEC has announced that it is working on proposals for mandatory disclosure of certain ESG-related matters, including with respect to board diversity and human capital management. At this time, there is uncertainty regarding the scope of such proposals or when they would become effective (if at all). Compliance with any new laws or regulations increases our regulatory burden and could make compliance more difficult and expensive, affect the manner in which we or our portfolio companies conduct our businesses and adversely affect our profitability.

 

We and our investment adviser, its affiliates and/or any of their respective principals and employees could be the target of litigation or regulatory investigations.

 

We as well as our investment adviser and its affiliates participate in a highly regulated industry and are each subject to regulatory examinations in the ordinary course of business. There can be no assurance that we and our investment adviser and/or any of its affiliates will avoid regulatory investigation and possible enforcement actions stemming therefrom. Our investment adviser is a registered investment adviser and, as such, is subject to the provisions of the Advisers Act. We and our investment adviser are each, from time to time, subject to formal and informal examinations, investigations, inquiries, audits and reviews from numerous regulatory authorities both in response to issues and questions raised in such examinations or investigations and in connection with the changing priorities of the applicable regulatory authorities across the market in general.

 

Our investment adviser, its affiliates and/or any of their respective principals and employees could also be named as defendants in, or otherwise become involved in, litigation. Litigation and regulatory actions can be time-consuming and expensive and can lead to unexpected losses, which expenses and losses are often subject to indemnification by us. Legal proceedings could continue without resolution for long periods of time and their outcomes, which could materially and adversely affect our value and our investment adviser’s ability to perform its obligations under the investment advisory and management agreement, are often impossible to anticipate. Our investment adviser would likely be required to expend significant resources responding to any litigation or regulatory action related to it, and these actions could be a distraction to the activities of our investment adviser.

 

Our investment activities are subject to the routine risks of becoming involved in litigation brought by third parties. These risks would be somewhat greater if we were to exercise control or significant influence over a portfolio company’s direction. The expense of defending against claims by third parties and paying any amounts pursuant to settlements or judgments would, absent willful misfeasance, bad faith, or gross negligence in the performance of duties, or by reason of their reckless disregard of their obligations and duties under the investment advisory and management agreement, on the part of our investment adviser and its members and their respective officers, managers, partners, agents, employees, controlling persons and members and any other persons affiliated with our investment adviser, be borne by us and would reduce our net assets. Our investment adviser and others are indemnified by us in connection with such litigation, subject to certain conditions.

 

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Changes in laws or regulations governing our operations or the operations of our portfolio companies, changes in the interpretation thereof or enacted laws or regulations could require changes to certain business practices of us or our portfolio companies, negatively impact the operations, cash flows or financial condition of us or our portfolio companies, impose additional costs on us or our portfolio companies or otherwise adversely affect our business or the business of our portfolio companies.

 

We and our portfolio companies are subject to regulation by laws and regulations at the local, state, federal and, in some cases, foreign levels. These laws and regulations, as well as their interpretation, may be changed from time to time, and new laws and regulations may be enacted. Accordingly, any change in these laws or regulations, changes in their interpretation, or enacted laws or regulations could require changes to certain business practices of us or our portfolio companies, negatively impact the operations, cash flows or financial condition of us or our portfolio companies, impose additional costs on us or our portfolio companies or otherwise adversely affect our business or the business of our portfolio companies.

 

Additionally, legislative or other actions relating to taxes could have a negative effect on us. The rules dealing with U.S. federal income taxation are constantly under review by legislators and by the IRS and the U.S. Treasury Department. Previously, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 significantly changed U.S. tax law and tax rates. We cannot predict how future tax proposals and changes in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, or regulations or other guidance issued under it, might affect us, our business, our common shareholders, or our portfolio companies in the long-term. New legislation and any U.S. Treasury regulations, administrative interpretations or court decisions interpreting such legislation could significantly and negatively affect our ability to qualify for tax treatment as a RIC or the U.S. federal income tax consequences to us and our common shareholders of such qualification, or could have other adverse consequences. Shareholders are urged to consult with their tax advisor regarding tax legislative, regulatory, or administrative developments and proposals and their potential effect on an investment in our securities.

 

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Changes to United States tariff and import/export regulations may have a negative effect on our portfolio companies and, in turn, harm us.

 

There has been ongoing discussion and commentary regarding potential significant changes to U.S. trade policies, treaties and tariffs. There continues to exist significant uncertainty about the future relationship between the U.S. and other countries with respect to such trade policies, treaties and tariffs. These developments, or the perception that any of them could occur, may have a material adverse effect on global economic conditions and the stability of global financial markets, and may significantly reduce global trade and, in particular, trade between the impacted nations and the U.S. Any of these factors could depress economic activity and restrict our portfolio companies’ access to suppliers or customers and have a material adverse effect on their business, financial condition and results of operations, which in turn would negatively impact us.

 

Our investment adviser’s liability is limited under the investment advisory and management agreement, and we are required to indemnify our investment adviser against certain liabilities, which may lead our investment adviser to act in a riskier manner on our behalf than it would when acting for its own account.

 

Our investment adviser has not assumed any responsibility to us other than to render the services described in the investment advisory and management agreement, and it will not be responsible for any action of our Board of Trustees in declining to follow our investment adviser’s advice or recommendations. Pursuant to the investment advisory and management agreement, our investment adviser and its members and their respective officers, managers, partners, agents, employees, controlling persons and members and any other persons affiliated with it will not be liable to us for their acts under the investment advisory and management agreement, absent willful misfeasance, bad faith, or gross negligence in the performance of their duties, or by reason of their reckless disregard of their obligations and duties under such agreement. We have agreed to indemnify, defend and protect our investment adviser and its members and their respective officers, managers, partners, agents, employees, controlling persons and members and any other persons or entities affiliated with it with respect to all damages, liabilities, costs and expenses arising out of or otherwise based upon the performance of any of our investment adviser’s duties or obligations under the investment advisory and management agreement or otherwise as an investment adviser for us, and not arising out of willful misfeasance, bad faith, or gross negligence in the performance of their duties, or by reason of their reckless disregard of their obligations and duties under the investment advisory and management agreement. These protections may lead our investment adviser to act in a riskier manner when acting on our behalf than it would when acting for its own account.

 

We may be obligated to pay our investment adviser certain fees even if we incur a loss.

 

Our investment adviser is entitled to an incentive fee for each fiscal quarter in an amount equal to a percentage of the excess of our pre-incentive fee net investment income for that quarter (before deducting any incentive fee and certain other items) above a threshold return for that quarter. Our pre-incentive fee net investment income for incentive fee purposes excludes realized and unrealized capital losses or depreciation and income taxes related to realized gains that we may incur in the fiscal quarter, even if such capital losses or depreciation and income taxes related to realized gains result in a net loss on our statement of operations for that quarter. Thus, we may be required to pay our investment adviser the incentive fee for a fiscal quarter even if there is a decline in the value of our portfolio or the NAV of our Common Shares, including a decline in the NAV of our Common Shares resulting from our payment of fees and expenses, including any reimbursement of expenses advanced by our investment adviser, or we incur a net loss for that quarter.

 

If a portfolio company defaults on a loan that is structured to provide interest, it is possible that accrued and unpaid interest previously used in the calculation of the incentive fee will become uncollectible. Our investment adviser is not under any obligation to reimburse us for any part of the incentive fee it received that was based on accrued income that we never receive.

 

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There is a risk that investors in our Common Shares may not receive distributions or that our distributions may decrease over time.

  

We may not achieve investment results that will allow us to make a specified or stable level of cash distributions and our distributions may decrease over time. In addition, due to the asset coverage test applicable to us as a BDC, we may be limited in our ability to make distributions. Our common shareholders may be indirectly impacted by our payment of certain expenses as our NAV may decline at the time of payment of such expenses. Our future repayment of amounts reimbursed or waived by our investment adviser or its affiliates, including any organization and initial offering expenses, which includes all of our organization and initial offering expenses incurred in connection with our Private Placement, pursuant to the Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement, will, if we are required to reimburse our investment adviser pursuant to the agreement, reduce our NAV at the time we make such reimbursement payment and may reduce future distributions to which you would otherwise be entitled.

 

The amount of any distributions we may make is uncertain. Our distributions may exceed our earnings, particularly during the period before we have substantially invested the net proceeds from our public offering. Therefore, portions of the distributions that we make may represent a return of capital to you that will lower your tax basis in your Common Shares and thereby increase the amount of capital gain (or decrease the amount of capital loss) realized upon a subsequent sale or redemption of such shares, and reduce the amount of funds we have for investment in targeted assets.

 

We may fund our cash distributions to shareholders from any sources of funds available to us, including offering proceeds, borrowings, net investment income from operations, capital gains proceeds from the sale of assets, non-capital gains proceeds from the sale of assets, dividends or other distributions paid to us on account of preferred and common equity investments in portfolio companies and fee and expense reimbursement waivers from the investment adviser or the administrator, if any. Our ability to pay distributions might be adversely affected by, among other things, the impact of one or more of the risk factors described in this Registration Statement. In addition, the inability to satisfy the asset coverage test applicable to us as a BDC may limit our ability to pay distributions. All distributions are and will be paid at the sole discretion of our Board of Trustees and will depend on our earnings, our financial condition, maintenance of our RIC status, compliance with applicable BDC regulations and such other factors as our Board of Trustees may deem relevant from time to time. We cannot assure you that we will continue to pay distributions to our common shareholders in the future. In the event that we encounter delays in locating suitable investment opportunities, we may pay all or a substantial portion of our distributions from the proceeds of our public offering or from borrowings in anticipation of future cash flow, which may constitute a return of your capital. A return of capital is a return of your investment, rather than a return of earnings or gains derived from our investment activities.

 

Our distributions to shareholders may be funded from expense reimbursements or waivers of investment advisory fees that are subject to repayment pursuant to our Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement.

 

Although payments under the Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement will not be directly used to fund distributions, substantial portions of our distributions may be funded indirectly through the reimbursement of certain expenses by our investment adviser and its affiliates, including through any potential waiver of certain investment advisory fees by our investment adviser. Our investment adviser has not, and currently does not intend to, waive any investment advisory fees, but may do so in the future. Any such distributions funded through expense reimbursements or waivers of advisory fees will not be based on our investment performance, and can only be sustained if we achieve positive investment performance in future periods and/or our investment adviser and its affiliates continue to make such reimbursements or waivers of such fees. Our future repayment of amounts reimbursed or waived by our investment adviser or its affiliates, including any organization and initial offering expenses, which includes all of our organization and initial offering expenses incurred in connection with our Private Placement, that our investment adviser has agreed to advance pursuant to the Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement, will, if we are required to reimburse our investment adviser pursuant to the agreement, reduce our NAV at the time we make such reimbursement payment and may reduce future distributions to which you would otherwise be entitled. In the initial stages of our offering, as our investment adviser has agreed to advance a portion of our organization and initial offering expenses, including all of our organization and initial offering expenses incurred in connection with our Private Placement, pursuant to the Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement, the indirect impact of any expenses advanced by our investment adviser may prevent or reduce a decline in NAV by mitigating the effects of certain expenses. Further, there can be no assurance that we will achieve the performance necessary to be able to pay distributions at a specific rate or at all. Our investment adviser and its affiliates have no obligation to waive advisory fees or otherwise reimburse expenses we may incur in future periods; however, if our investment adviser chooses to advance any future expenses, this may prevent or reduce a decline in NAV until we repay such expenses by mitigating the effects of such advanced expenses would have on us.

 

We have not established any limit on the amount of funds we may use from available sources, such as borrowings, if any, or proceeds from this offering, to fund distributions (which may reduce the amount of capital we ultimately invest in assets).

 

Shareholders should understand that any distributions made from sources other than cash flow from operations or relying on fee or expense reimbursement waivers, if any, from our investment adviser or our administrator are not based on our investment performance, and can only be sustained if we achieve positive investment performance in future periods and/or our investment adviser or our administrator continues to makes such expense reimbursements, if any. The extent to which we pay distributions from sources other than cash flow from operations will depend on various factors, including the level of participation in our distribution reinvestment plan, how quickly we invest the proceeds from this and any past or future offering and the performance of our investments. Shareholders should also understand that our future repayment to our investment adviser will reduce our NAV at the time we make such reimbursement payment and may reduce future distributions to which you would otherwise be entitled. There can be no assurance that we will achieve such performance in order to sustain these distributions, or be able to pay distributions at all. Our investment adviser and our administrator have no obligation to waive fees or receipt of expense reimbursements, if any.

 

Although we expect to adopt a share repurchase program, we have discretion to not repurchase your Common Shares, to suspend the program, and to cease repurchases.

 

Our Board of Trustees may not adopt a share repurchase program, and if such a program is adopted, may amend, suspend or terminate the share repurchase program at any time in its discretion. You may not be able to sell your Common Shares at all in the event our Board of Trustees amends, suspends or terminates the share repurchase program, absent a liquidity event, and we currently do not intend to undertake a liquidity event, and we are not obligated by our Declaration of Trust or otherwise to effect a liquidity event at any time. We will notify you of such developments in our quarterly reports or other filings. If less than the full amount of Common Shares requested to be repurchased in any given repurchase offer are repurchased, funds will be allocated pro rata based on the total number of Common Shares being repurchased without regard to class. The share repurchase program has many limitations and should not be relied upon as a method to sell shares promptly or at a desired price.

 

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The timing of our repurchase offers pursuant to our share repurchase program may be at a time that is disadvantageous to our common shareholders.

 

In the event a shareholder chooses to participate in our share repurchase program, the shareholder will be required to provide us with notice of intent to participate prior to knowing what the NAV per share of the class of shares being repurchased will be on the Repurchase Date. Although a shareholder will have the ability to withdraw a repurchase request prior to the Repurchase Date, to the extent a shareholder seeks to sell shares to us as part of our periodic share repurchase program, the shareholder will be required to do so without knowledge of what the repurchase price of our Common Shares will be on the Repurchase Date.

 

As a public company, we are subject to regulations not applicable to private companies, such as provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Efforts to comply with such regulations will involve significant expenditures, and non-compliance with such regulations may adversely affect us.

 

As a public company, we are subject to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, and the related rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC. Our management is required to report on our internal control over financial reporting pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. We are required to review on an annual basis our internal control over financial reporting, and on a quarterly and annual basis to evaluate and disclose changes in our internal control over financial reporting. As a relatively new company, developing and maintaining an effective system of internal controls may require significant expenditures, which may negatively impact our financial performance and our ability to make distributions. This process also will result in a diversion of our management’s time and attention. We cannot be certain of when our evaluation, testing and remediation actions will be completed or the impact of the same on our operations. In addition, we may be unable to ensure that the process is effective or that our internal controls over financial reporting are or will be effective in a timely manner. In the event that we are unable to develop or maintain an effective system of internal controls and maintain or achieve compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and related rules, we may be adversely affected.

 

Our independent registered public accounting firm will not be required to formally attest to the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting until there is a public market for our Common Shares, which is not expected to occur.

 

We are an “emerging growth company” under the JOBS Act, and we cannot be certain if the reduced disclosure requirements applicable to emerging growth companies will make our Common Shares less attractive to investors.

 

We will be and we will remain an “emerging growth company” as defined in the JOBS Act until the earlier of (a) the last day of the fiscal year (i) in which we have total annual gross revenue of at least $1.235 billion, or (ii) in which we are deemed to be a large accelerated filer, which means the market value of our Common Shares that is held by non-affiliates exceeds $700 million as of the date of our most recently completed second fiscal quarter, and (b) the date on which we have issued more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt during the prior three- year period. For so long as we remain an “emerging growth company,” we may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not “emerging growth companies” including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. We cannot predict if investors will find our Common Shares less attractive because we will rely on some or all of these exemptions. If some investors find our Common Shares less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for our Common Shares and our share price may be more volatile.

 

In addition, Section 107 of the JOBS Act also provides that an “emerging growth company” can take advantage of the extended transition period provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act for complying with new or revised accounting standards. In other words, an “emerging growth company” can delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. We will take advantage of the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards, which may make it more difficult for investors and securities analysts to evaluate us since our financial statements may not be comparable to companies that comply with public company effective dates and may result in less investor confidence.

 

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We may not be able to obtain all required state licenses.

 

We may be required to obtain various state licenses in order to, among other things, originate commercial loans. Applying for and obtaining required licenses can be costly and take extensive periods of time. There is no assurance that we will obtain all of the licenses that we need on a timely basis. Furthermore, we will be subject to various information and other requirements in order to obtain and maintain these licenses, and there is no assurance that we will satisfy those requirements. Our failure to obtain or maintain licenses might restrict investment options and have other adverse consequences.

 

Compliance with the SEC’s Regulation Best Interest may negatively impact our ability to raise capital in this offering, which would harm our ability to achieve our investment objective.

 

Brokers must comply with Regulation Best Interest, which, among other requirements, enhances the existing standard of conduct for brokers and natural persons who are associated persons of a broker when recommending to a retail customer any securities transaction or investment strategy involving securities to a retail customer. The impact of Regulation Best Interest on brokers participating in our offering cannot be determined at this time, but it may negatively impact whether brokers and their associated persons recommend this offering to retail customers. Such brokers and their associated persons may determine that Regulation Best Interest requires such brokers and their associated persons to not recommend the Fund to their customers because doing so may not be in the customers’ best interest, which would negatively impact our ability to raise capital in this offering. If Regulation Best Interest reduces our ability to raise capital in this offering, it would harm our ability to create a diversified portfolio of investments and achieve our investment objective and would result in our fixed operating costs representing a larger percentage of our gross income.

 

Our Declaration of Trust includes exclusive forum and jury trial waiver provisions that could limit a shareholder’s ability to bring a claim or, if such provisions are deemed inapplicable or unenforceable by a court, may cause the Fund to incur additional costs associated with such action.

 

Our Declaration of Trust provides that, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the sole and exclusive forum for any claims, suits, actions or proceedings asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs (or similar) doctrine or arising out of or relating in any way to the Fund, the Delaware Statutory Trust Statute or the Declaration of Trust (including, without limitation, any claims, suits, actions or proceedings to interpret, apply or enforce (A) the provisions of the Declaration of Trust, (B) the duties (including fiduciary duties), obligations or liabilities of the Fund to the shareholders or the Board of Trustees, or of officers or the Board of Trustees to the Fund, to the shareholders or each other, (C) the rights or powers of, or restrictions on, the Fund, the officers, the Board of Trustees or the shareholders, (D) any provision of the Delaware Statutory Trust Statute or other laws of the State of Delaware pertaining to trusts made applicable to the Fund pursuant to Section 3809 of the Delaware Statutory Trust Statute or (E) any other instrument, document, agreement or certificate contemplated by any provision of the Delaware Statutory Trust Statute or the Declaration of Trust relating in any way to the Fund (regardless, in each case, of whether such claims, suits, actions or proceedings (x) sound in contract, tort, fraud or otherwise, (y) are based on common law, statutory, equitable, legal or other grounds or (z) are derivative or direct claims)), shall be exclusively brought in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware or, if such court does not have subject matter jurisdiction thereof, any other court in the State of Delaware with subject matter jurisdiction.

 

Our Declaration of Trust also includes an irrevocable waiver of the right to trial by jury in all such claims, suits, actions or proceedings. Any person purchasing or otherwise acquiring any of our Common Shares shall be deemed to have notice of and to have consented to these provisions of our Declaration of Trust. These provisions may limit a shareholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum or in a manner that it finds favorable for disputes with the Fund or the Fund’s Trustees or officers, which may discourage such lawsuits. Alternatively, if a court were to find the exclusive forum provision or the jury trial waiver provision to be inapplicable or unenforceable in an action, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such action in other jurisdiction or in other manners, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

Notwithstanding any of the foregoing, neither we nor any of our investors are permitted to waive compliance with any provision of the U.S. federal securities laws or state securities laws and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

 

RISKS RELATING TO OUR INVESTMENTS

 

Declines in market prices and liquidity in the corporate debt markets can result in significant net unrealized depreciation of our portfolio, which in turn would reduce our net asset value.

 

As a BDC, we are required to carry our investments at market value or, if no market value is ascertainable, at fair value as determined in good faith by our investment adviser, as the valuation designee, subject to the oversight of our Board of Trustees. Due to the inherent uncertainty of determining the fair value of investments that do not have a readily available market value, the fair value of our investments may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had a readily available market value existed for such investments, and the differences could be material. We may take into account the following types of factors, if relevant, in determining the fair value of our investments: the enterprise value of a portfolio company (the entire value of the portfolio company to a market participant, including the sum of the values of debt and equity securities used to capitalize the enterprise at a point in time), the nature and realizable value of any collateral, the portfolio company’s ability to make payments and its earnings and discounted cash flow, the markets in which the portfolio company does business, a comparison of the portfolio company’s securities to similar publicly traded securities, changes in the interest rate environment and the credit markets generally that may affect the price at which similar investments would trade in their principal markets and other relevant factors. When an external event such as a purchase transaction, public offering or subsequent equity sale occurs, we use the pricing indicated by the external event to corroborate our valuation. While most of our investments are not publicly traded, applicable accounting standards require us to assume as part of our valuation process that our investments are sold in a principal market to market participants (even if we plan on holding an investment through its maturity). As a result, volatility in the capital markets can also adversely affect our investment valuations. Decreases in the market values or fair values of our investments are recorded as unrealized depreciation. The effect of all of these factors on our portfolio can reduce our NAV (and, as a result our asset coverage calculation) by increasing net unrealized depreciation in our portfolio. Depending on market conditions, we could incur substantial realized and/or unrealized losses, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

 

Economic recessions or downturns could impair our portfolio companies and harm our operating results.

 

The current macroeconomic environment is characterized by record-high inflation, supply chain challenges, labor shortages, high interest rates, foreign currency exchange volatility, volatility in global capital markets and growing recession risk. The risks associated with our and our portfolio companies’ businesses are more severe during periods of economic slowdown or recession.

 

Many of our portfolio companies may be susceptible to economic downturns or recessions and may be unable to repay our loans during these periods. Therefore, during these periods our non-performing assets may increase and the value of our portfolio may decrease if we are required to write down the values of our investments. Adverse economic conditions may also decrease the value of collateral securing some of our loans and the value of our equity investments. Economic slowdowns or recessions could lead to financial losses in our portfolio and a decrease in revenues, net income and assets. Unfavorable economic conditions also could increase our funding costs, limit our access to the capital markets or result in a decision by lenders not to extend credit to us. These events could prevent us from increasing investments and harm our operating results.

 

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A portfolio company’s failure to satisfy financial or operating covenants imposed by us or other lenders could lead to defaults and, potentially, acceleration of the time when the loans are due and foreclosure on its assets representing collateral for its obligations, which could trigger cross defaults under other agreements and jeopardize our portfolio company’s ability to meet its obligations under the debt investments that we hold and the value of any equity securities we own. We may incur expenses to the extent necessary to seek recovery upon default or to negotiate new terms with a defaulting portfolio company.

 

Inflation has adversely affected and may continue to adversely affect the business, results of operations and financial condition of our portfolio companies.

 

Certain of our portfolio companies may be in industries that have been, or are expected to be, impacted by inflation. Recent inflationary pressures have increased the costs of labor, energy and raw materials and have adversely affected consumer spending, economic growth and our portfolio companies’ operations. If such portfolio companies are unable to pass any increases in their costs of operations along to their customers, it could adversely affect their operating results and impact their ability to pay interest and principal on our loans, particularly if interest rates rise in response to inflation. In addition, any projected future decreases in our portfolio companies’ operating results due to inflation could adversely impact the fair value of those investments. Any decreases in the fair value of our investments could result in future realized or unrealized losses and therefore reduce our net assets resulting from operations. Additionally, the Federal Reserve has raised, and has indicated its intent to continue raising, certain benchmark interest rates in an effort to combat inflation. See “—We are exposed to risks associated with changes in interest rates, including the current rising interest rate environment.”

 

Investments in privately held middle-market companies involve significant risks.

 

We intend to primarily invest in privately held U.S. middle-market companies. Investments in privately held middle-market companies involve a number of significant risks, including the following:

 

these companies may have limited financial resources and may be unable to meet their obligations, which may be accompanied by a deterioration in the value of any collateral and a reduction in the likelihood of us realizing our investment;

 

they typically have shorter operating histories, narrower product lines and smaller market shares than larger businesses, which tend to render them more vulnerable to competitors’ actions and market conditions, as well as general economic downturns;

 

they typically depend on the management talents and efforts of a small group of persons; therefore, the death, disability, resignation or termination of one or more of these persons could have a material adverse effect on such portfolio company and, in turn, on us;

 

there is generally little public information about these companies. These companies and their financial information are generally not subject to the Exchange Act (as defined below) and other regulations that govern public companies, and we may be unable to uncover all material information about these companies, which may prevent us from making a fully informed investment decision and cause us to lose money on our investments;

 

they generally have less predictable operating results and may require substantial additional capital to support their operations, finance expansion or maintain their competitive position;

 

we, our executive officers, Trustees and our investment adviser may, in the ordinary course of business, be named as defendants in litigation arising from our investments in our portfolio companies and may, as a result, incur significant costs and expenses in connection with such litigation;

 

changes in laws and regulations (including the tax laws), as well as their interpretations, may adversely affect their business, financial structure or prospects; and

 

they may have difficulty accessing the capital markets to meet future capital needs.

 

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Our debt investments may be risky and we could lose all or part of our investment.

 

The debt that we invest in is typically not initially rated by any rating agency, but we believe that if such investments were rated, they would be below investment grade (rated lower than “Baa3” by Moody’s Investors Service, lower than “BBB-” by Fitch Ratings or lower than “BBB-” by Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services), which under the guidelines established by these entities is an indication of having predominantly speculative characteristics with respect to the issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal. Bonds that are rated below investment grade are sometimes referred to as “high yield bonds” or “junk bonds.” Therefore, our investments may result in an above average amount of risk and volatility or loss of principal. While the debt we invest in is often secured, such security does not guarantee that we will receive principal and interest payments according to the terms of the loan, or that the value of any collateral will be sufficient to allow us to recover all or a portion of the outstanding amount of the loan should we be forced to enforce our remedies.

 

Some of the loans in which we may invest directly or indirectly through investments in CDOs, CLOs or other types of structured entities may be “covenant-lite” loans, which means the loans contain fewer covenants than other loans (in some cases, none) and may not include terms which allow the lender to monitor the performance of the borrower and declare a default if certain criteria are breached. An investment by us in a covenant-lite loan may potentially hinder the ability to reprice credit risk associated with the issuer and reduce the ability to restructure a problematic loan and mitigate potential loss. We may also experience delays in enforcing our rights under covenant-lite loans. Furthermore, we will generally not have direct rights against the underlying borrowers or entities that sponsor CLOs, which means we will not be able to directly enforce any rights and remedies in the event of a default of a loan held by a CLO vehicle. As a result of these risks, our exposure to losses may be increased, which could result in an adverse impact on our net income and net asset value.

 

We also may invest in assets other than first and second lien and subordinated debt investments, including high-yield securities, U.S. government securities, credit derivatives and other structured securities and certain direct equity investments. These investments entail additional risks that could adversely affect our investment returns.

 

Investments in equity securities, many of which are illiquid with no readily available market, involve a substantial degree of risk.

 

We may purchase common stock and other equity securities. Although common stock has historically generated higher average total returns than fixed income securities over the long-term, common stock also has experienced significantly more volatility in those returns. The equity securities we acquire may fail to appreciate and may decline in value or become worthless and our ability to recover our investment will depend on the underlying portfolio company’s success. Investments in equity securities involve a number of significant risks, including:

 

any equity investment we make in a portfolio company could be subject to further dilution as a result of the issuance of additional equity interests and to serious risks as a junior security that will be subordinate to all indebtedness (including trade creditors) or senior securities in the event that the issuer is unable to meet its obligations or becomes subject to a bankruptcy process;

 

to the extent that the portfolio company requires additional capital and is unable to obtain it, we may not recover our investment; and

 

in some cases, equity securities in which we invest will not pay current dividends, and our ability to realize a return on our investment, as well as to recover our investment, will be dependent on the success of the portfolio company. Even if the portfolio company is successful, our ability to realize the value of our investment may be dependent on the occurrence of a liquidity event, such as a public offering or the sale of the portfolio company. It is likely to take a significant amount of time before a liquidity event occurs or we can otherwise sell our investment. In addition, the equity securities we receive or invest in may be subject to restrictions on resale during periods in which it could be advantageous to sell them.

 

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There are special risks associated with investing in preferred securities, including:

 

preferred securities may include provisions that permit the issuer, at its discretion, to defer distributions for a stated period without any adverse consequences to the issuer. If we own a preferred security that is deferring its distributions, we may be required to report income for tax purposes before we receive such distributions;

 

preferred securities are subordinated to debt in terms of priority to income and liquidation payments, and therefore will be subject to greater credit risk than debt;

 

preferred securities may be substantially less liquid than many other securities, such as common stock or U.S. government securities; and

 

generally, preferred security holders have no voting rights with respect to the issuing company, subject to limited exceptions.

 

Additionally, when we invest in first lien senior secured loans (including “unitranche” loans, which are loans that combine both senior and subordinated debt, generally in a first lien position), second lien senior secured loans or subordinated debt, we may acquire warrants or other equity securities as well. Our goal is ultimately to dispose of such equity interests and realize gains upon our disposition of such interests. However, the equity interests we receive may not appreciate in value and, in fact, may decline in value. Accordingly, we may not be able to realize gains from our equity interests and any gains that we do realize on the disposition of any equity interests may not be sufficient to offset any other losses we experience.

 

We may invest, to the extent permitted by law, in the equity securities of investment funds that are operating pursuant to certain exceptions to the Investment Company Act and in advisers to similar investment funds and, to the extent we so invest, will bear our ratable share of any such company’s expenses, including management and performance fees. We will also remain obligated to pay the base management fee and incentive fee to our investment adviser with respect to the assets invested in the securities and instruments of such companies. With respect to each of these investments, each of our common shareholders will bear his or her share of the base management fee and incentive fee due to our investment adviser as well as indirectly bearing the management and performance fees and other expenses of any such investment funds or advisers.

 

We may be subject to risks associated with broadly syndicated loans.

 

The Fund’s investments may consist of broadly syndicated loans that were not originated by us. Under the documentation for such loans, a financial institution or other entity typically is designated as the administrative agent and/or collateral agent. This agent is granted a lien on any collateral on behalf of the other lenders and distributes payments on the indebtedness as they are received. The agent is the party responsible for administering and enforcing the loan and generally may take actions only in accordance with the instructions of a majority or two-thirds in commitments and/or principal amount of the associated indebtedness. Accordingly, we may be precluded from directing such actions unless we or our investment adviser is the designated administrative agent or collateral agent or we act together with other holders of the indebtedness. If we are unable to direct such actions, we cannot assure you that the actions taken will be in our best interests.

 

There is a risk that a loan agent may become bankrupt or insolvent. Such an event would delay, and possibly impair, any enforcement actions undertaken by holders of the associated indebtedness, including attempts to realize upon the collateral securing the associated indebtedness and/or direct the agent to take actions against the related obligor or the collateral securing the associated indebtedness and actions to realize on proceeds of payments made by obligors that are in the possession or control of any other financial institution. In addition, we may be unable to remove the agent in circumstances in which removal would be in our best interests. Moreover, agented loans typically allow for the agent to resign with certain advance notice.

 

There may be circumstances in which our debt investments could be subordinated to claims of other creditors or we could be subject to lender liability claims.

 

If one of our portfolio companies were to go bankrupt, even though we may have structured our interest as senior debt, depending on the facts and circumstances, a bankruptcy court might recharacterize our debt holding as an equity investment and subordinate all or a portion of our claim to that of other creditors. In addition, lenders can be subject to lender liability claims for actions taken by them where they become too involved in the borrower’s business or exercise control over the borrower. For example, we could become subject to a lender’s liability claim, if, among other things, we actually render significant managerial assistance.

 

Our portfolio companies may incur debt or issue equity securities that rank equally with, or senior to, our investments in such companies.

 

Our portfolio companies may have, or may be permitted to incur, other debt, or issue other equity securities, that rank equally with, or senior to, our investments. By their terms, such instruments may provide that the holders are entitled to receive payment of dividends, interest or principal on or before the dates on which we are entitled to receive payments in respect of our investments. These debt investments would usually prohibit our portfolio companies from paying interest on or repaying our investments in the event and during the continuance of a default under such debt. Also, in the event of insolvency, liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or bankruptcy of a portfolio company, holders of securities ranking senior to our investment in that portfolio company typically are entitled to receive payment in full before we receive any distribution in respect of our investment. After repaying such holders, the portfolio company may not have any remaining assets to use for repaying its obligation to us. In the case of securities ranking equally with our investments, we would have to share on an equal basis any distributions with other security holders in the event of an insolvency, liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or bankruptcy of the relevant portfolio company.

 

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The rights we may have with respect to the collateral securing any junior priority loans we make to our portfolio companies may also be limited pursuant to the terms of one or more intercreditor agreements (including agreements governing “first out” and “last out” structures) that we enter into with the holders of senior debt. Under such an intercreditor agreement, at any time that senior obligations are outstanding, we may forfeit certain rights with respect to the collateral to the holders of the senior obligations. These rights may include the right to commence enforcement proceedings against the collateral, the right to control the conduct of such enforcement proceedings, the right to approve amendments to collateral documents, the right to release liens on the collateral and the right to waive past defaults under collateral documents. We may not have the ability to control or direct such actions, even if as a result our rights as junior lenders are adversely affected.

 

When we are a debt or minority equity investor in a portfolio company, we are often not in a position to exert influence on the entity, and other equity holders and management of the company may make decisions that could decrease the value of our investment in such portfolio company.

 

When we make debt or minority equity investments, we are subject to the risk that a portfolio company may make business decisions with which we disagree and the other equity holders and management of such company may take risks or otherwise act in ways that do not serve our interests. As a result, a portfolio company may make decisions that could decrease the value of our investment.

 

Our portfolio companies may be highly leveraged.

 

Some of our portfolio companies may be highly leveraged, which may have adverse consequences to these companies and to us as an investor. These companies may be subject to restrictive financial and operating covenants and the leverage may impair these companies’ ability to finance their future operations and capital needs. As a result, these companies’ flexibility to respond to changing business and economic conditions and to take advantage of business opportunities may be limited. Further, a leveraged company’s income and net assets will tend to increase or decrease at a greater rate than if borrowed money were not used.

 

Our investments in Stressed Issuers may be considered speculative in nature and highly risky.

 

We may invest in Stressed Issuers, or those issuers experiencing or who begin to experience some level of financial or business distress and who may be undergoing or have recently undergone bankruptcy or other restructuring, reorganization and liquidation proceedings. These characteristics of these Stressed Issuers can cause investments in them to be particularly risky and may be considered speculative. Additionally, the ability of Stressed Issuers to pay their debts on schedule (or at all) could be affected by adverse interest rate movements, changes in the general economic climate, economic factors affecting a particular industry or region or specific developments within Stressed Issuers. Investments in Stressed Issuers frequently do not produce income while they are outstanding and may require us to bear increased expenses, including by increased investment, in order to protect and recover our investments.

 

Our investment adviser’s fee structure may induce it to make certain investments on our behalf, including speculative investments.

 

The fees payable by us to our investment adviser may create an incentive for our investment adviser to make investments on our behalf that are risky or more speculative than would be the case in the absence of such compensation arrangement. The way in which the incentive fee payable to our investment adviser is determined, which are calculated as a percentage of the return on net asset value, may encourage our investment adviser to use leverage to increase the return on our investments. Under certain circumstances, the use of leverage may increase the likelihood of default, which would disfavor the holders of our Common Shares and the holders of securities convertible into our Common Shares. In addition, our investment adviser will receive the capital gains incentive fee based, in part, upon net capital gains realized on our investments. Unlike the incentive fee, there is no hurdle rate applicable to the capital gains incentive fee. As a result, our investment adviser may have a tendency to invest more in investments that are likely to result in capital gains as compared to income producing securities. Such a practice could result in our investing in more speculative securities than would otherwise be the case, which could result in higher investment losses, particularly during economic downturns.

 

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The incentive fee is computed and paid on income that has been accrued but not yet received in cash, including as a result of investments with a deferred interest feature such as debt investments with PIK interest, preferred stock with PIK dividends and zero coupon securities. If a portfolio company defaults on a loan that is structured to provide accrued interest, it is possible that accrued interest previously used in the calculation of the incentive fee will become uncollectible. Our investment adviser is not under any obligation to reimburse us for any part of the fees it received that were based on such accrued interest that we never actually received.

  

Because of the structure of the incentive fee, it is possible that we may have to pay the incentive fee in a quarter during which we incur a loss. For example, if we receive pre-incentive fee net investment income in excess of the hurdle rate for a quarter, we will pay the applicable incentive fee even if we have incurred a loss in that quarter due to realized and/or unrealized capital losses. In addition, if market interest rates rise, our investment adviser may be able to invest our funds in debt investments that provide for a higher return, which would increase our pre-incentive fee net investment income and make it easier for our investment adviser to surpass the fixed hurdle rate and receive the incentive fee.

 

Our investments in foreign companies may involve significant risks in addition to the risks inherent in U.S. investments.

 

Our investment strategy contemplates potential investments in foreign companies. Investing in foreign companies may expose us to additional risks not typically associated with investing in U.S. companies. These risks include changes in exchange control regulations, political and social instability, expropriation, imposition of foreign taxes (potentially at confiscatory levels), less liquid markets, less available information than is generally the case in the United States, higher transaction costs, less government supervision of exchanges, brokers and issuers, less developed bankruptcy laws, difficulty in enforcing contractual obligations, lack of uniform accounting and auditing standards and greater price volatility.

 

Although we expect most of our investments will be U.S. dollar denominated, our investments that are denominated in a foreign currency will be subject to the risk that the value of a particular currency will change in relation to one or more other currencies. Among the factors that may affect currency values are trade balances, the level of short-term interest rates, differences in relative values of similar assets in different currencies, long-term opportunities for investment and capital appreciation and political developments. We may employ hedging techniques to minimize these risks, but we cannot assure you that such strategies will be effective or without risk to us.

 

We may expose ourselves to risks if we engage in hedging transactions.

 

We may in the future enter into hedging transactions, which may expose us to risks associated with such transactions. We may utilize instruments such as forward contracts, currency options and interest rate swaps, caps, collars and floors to seek to hedge against fluctuations in the relative values of our portfolio positions from changes in currency exchange rates and market interest rates. Use of these hedging instruments may include counter-party credit risk. The fair value (rather than the notational value) of any derivatives or swaps we enter into will be included in our calculation of gross assets for purposes of calculating the base management fee. Additionally, derivatives and swaps will be accounted for as realized or unrealized gains (losses) for accounting purposes and could impact the portion of the incentive fee based on realized capital gains. As a result, any derivatives we enter into that result in realized gains may increase the amount of the fees you will be required to pay us.

 

Hedging against a decline in the values of our portfolio positions does not eliminate the possibility of fluctuations in the values of such positions or prevent losses if the values of such positions decline. However, such hedging can establish other positions designed to gain from those same developments, thereby offsetting the decline in the value of such portfolio positions. Such hedging transactions may also limit the opportunity for gain if the values of the underlying portfolio positions should increase. Moreover, it may not be possible to hedge against an exchange rate or interest rate fluctuation that is so generally anticipated that we are not able to enter into a hedging transaction at an acceptable price.

 

The success of our hedging transactions will depend on our ability to correctly predict movements in currencies and interest rates. Therefore, while we may enter into such transactions to seek to reduce currency exchange rate and interest rate risks, unanticipated changes in currency exchange rates or interest rates may result in poorer overall investment performance than if we had not engaged in any such hedging transactions. In addition, the degree of correlation between price movements of the instruments used in a hedging strategy and price movements in the portfolio positions being hedged may vary. Moreover, for a variety of reasons, we may not seek to (or be able to) establish a perfect correlation between such hedging instruments and the portfolio holdings being hedged. Any such imperfect correlation may prevent us from achieving the intended hedge and expose us to risk of loss. In addition, it may not be possible to hedge fully or perfectly against currency fluctuations affecting the value of securities denominated in non-U.S. currencies because the value of those securities is likely to fluctuate as a result of factors not related to currency fluctuations. See also “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business and Structure—We are exposed to risks associated with changes in interest rates, including the current rising interest rate environment.”

 

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As a BDC, we are permitted to enter into unfunded commitment agreements, and, if we fail to meet certain requirements, we will be required to treat such unfunded commitments as derivative transactions, which may limit our ability to use derivatives and/or enter into certain other financial contracts.

 

In August 2022, Rule 18f-4 under the Investment Company Act, regarding the ability of a BDC (or a registered investment company) to use derivatives and other transactions that create future payment or delivery obligations (except reverse repurchase agreements and similar financing transactions), became effective. Under the new rule, BDCs that make significant use of derivatives are required to operate subject to a value-at-risk leverage limit, adopt a derivatives risk management program and appoint a derivatives risk manager, and comply with various testing and board reporting requirements. These new requirements apply unless the BDC qualifies as a “limited derivatives user,” as defined under the adopted rules. Under the new rule, a BDC may enter into an unfunded commitment agreement that is not a derivatives transaction, such as an agreement to provide future financing to a portfolio company, if the BDC has, among other things, a reasonable belief, at the time it enters into such an agreement, that it will have sufficient cash and cash equivalents to meet its obligations with respect to all of its unfunded commitment agreements, in each case as it becomes due. We currently operate as a “limited derivatives user” which may limit our ability to use derivatives and/or enter into certain other financial contracts.

 

RISKS RELATING TO AN INVESTMENT IN OUR COMMON SHARES

 

If we are unable to raise substantial funds, then we will be more limited in the number and type of investments we may make, our expenses may be higher relative to our total assets, and the value of your investment in us may be reduced in the event our assets under-perform.

 

Amounts that we raise may not be sufficient for us to purchase a broad portfolio of investments. To the extent that less than the maximum number of Common Shares is subscribed for, the opportunity for us to purchase a broad portfolio of investments may be decreased and the returns achieved on those investments may be reduced as a result of allocating all of our expenses among a smaller capital base. If we are unable to raise substantial funds, we may not achieve certain economies of scale and our expenses may represent a larger proportion of our total assets.

 

We may have difficulty sourcing investment opportunities.

 

We cannot assure investors that we will be able to locate a sufficient number of suitable investment opportunities to allow us to deploy the net proceeds received in this offering and in our Private Placement successfully. In addition, privately negotiated investments in loans and illiquid securities of private middle-market companies require substantial due diligence and structuring, and we cannot assure investors that we will achieve our anticipated investment pace. As a result, investors will be unable to evaluate any future portfolio company investments prior to purchasing our Common Shares. Additionally, our investment adviser will select our investments subsequent to this offering, and our common shareholders will have no input with respect to such investment decisions. These factors increase the uncertainty, and thus the risk, of investing in our Common Shares. To the extent we are unable to deploy all investments, our investment income and, in turn, our results of operations, will likely be materially adversely affected.

 

An investment in our Common Shares will have limited liquidity.

 

Our shares constitute illiquid investments for which there is not, and will likely not be, a secondary market at any time prior to a public offering and listing of our Common Shares on a national securities exchange. There can be no guarantee that we will conduct a public offering and list our Common Shares on a national securities exchange. Investment in the Fund is suitable only for sophisticated investors and requires the financial ability and willingness to accept the high risks and lack of liquidity inherent in an investment in the Fund. Except in limited circumstances for legal or regulatory purposes, shareholders are not entitled to redeem their shares. Shareholders must be prepared to bear the economic risk of an investment in our Common Shares for an extended period of time. While we may consider a liquidity event at any time in the future, we currently do not intend to undertake a liquidity event, and we are not obligated by our charter or otherwise to effect a liquidity event at any time.

 

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Certain investors will be subject to Exchange Act filing requirements.

 

Because our Common Shares will be registered under the Exchange Act, ownership information for any person who beneficially owns 5% or more of our Common Shares will have to be disclosed in a Schedule 13G or other filings with the SEC. Beneficial ownership for these purposes is determined in accordance with the rules of the SEC, and includes having voting or investment power over the securities. In some circumstances, our common shareholders who choose to reinvest their dividends may see their percentage stake in the Fund increased to more than 5%, thus triggering this filing requirement. Each shareholder is responsible for determining their filing obligations and preparing the filings. In addition, our common shareholders who hold more than 10% of a class of our Common Shares may be subject to Section 16(b) of the Exchange Act, which recaptures for the benefit of the Fund profits from the purchase and sale of registered stock (and securities convertible or exchangeable into such registered stock) within a six-month period.

 

Special considerations for certain benefit plan investors.

 

We intend to conduct our affairs so that our assets should not be deemed to constitute “plan assets” under ERISA and the Plan Asset Regulations. In this regard, until such time as all classes of our Common Shares are considered “publicly offered securities” within the meaning of the Plan Asset Regulations, we intend to limit investment in each class of our Common Shares by “benefit plan investors” to less than 25% of the total value of each class of our Common Shares (within the meaning of the Plan Asset Regulations).

 

If, notwithstanding our intent, the assets of the Fund were deemed to be “plan assets” of any common shareholder that is a “benefit plan investor” under the Plan Asset Regulations, this would result, among other things, in (i) the application of the prudence and other fiduciary responsibility standards of ERISA to investments made by the Fund, and (ii) the possibility that certain transactions in which the Fund might seek to engage could constitute “prohibited transactions” under ERISA and Section 4975 of the Code. If a prohibited transaction occurs for which no exemption is available, our investment adviser and/or any other fiduciary that has engaged in the prohibited transaction could be required to (i) restore to the “benefit plan investor” any profit realized on the transaction and (ii) reimburse the Covered Plan for any losses suffered by the “benefit plan investor” as a result of the investment. In addition, each disqualified person (within the meaning of Section 4975 of the Code) involved could be subject to an excise tax equal to 15% of the amount involved in the prohibited transaction for each year the transaction continues and, unless the transaction is corrected within statutorily required periods, to an additional tax of 100%. The fiduciary of a “benefit plan investor” who decides to invest in the Fund could, under certain circumstances, be liable for prohibited transactions or other violations as a result of their investment in the Fund or as co-fiduciaries for actions taken by or on behalf of the Fund or our investment adviser. With respect to a “benefit plan investor” that is an individual retirement account (an “IRA”) that invests in the Fund, the occurrence of a prohibited transaction involving the individual who established the IRA, or his or her beneficiaries, would cause the IRA to lose its tax-exempt status.

 

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Until such time as all the classes of our Common Shares constitute “publicly traded securities” within the meaning of the Plan Asset Regulations, we have the power to (a) exclude any common shareholder or potential shareholder from purchasing our Common Shares; (b) prohibit any redemption of our Common Shares; and (c) redeem some or all Common Shares held by any holder if, and to the extent that, our Board of Trustees determines that there is a substantial likelihood that such holder’s purchase, ownership or redemption of Common Shares would result in our assets to be characterized as “plan assets,” for purposes of the fiduciary responsibility or prohibited transaction provisions of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code, and all Common Shares shall be subject to such terms and conditions.

 

Prospective investors should carefully review the matters discussed under “Restrictions on Share Ownership” and should consult with their own advisors as to the consequences of making an investment in the Fund.

 

No shareholder approval is required for certain mergers.

 

Our Board of Trustees may undertake to approve mergers between us and certain other funds or vehicles. Subject to the requirements of the Investment Company Act, such mergers will not require shareholder approval so you will not be given an opportunity to vote on these matters unless such mergers are reasonably anticipated to result in a material dilution of the NAV per share of the Fund. These mergers may involve funds managed by affiliates of our investment adviser. The Board of Trustees may also convert the form and/or jurisdiction of organization, including to take advantage of laws that are more favorable to maintaining board control in the face of dissident shareholders.

 

There is a risk that investors in our Common Shares may not receive distributions or that our distributions may not grow over time and that investors in our debt securities may not receive all of the interest income to which they are entitled.

 

We intend to make distributions on a monthly basis to our common shareholders out of assets legally available for distribution and in accordance with applicable state law. We cannot assure you that we will achieve investment results that will allow us to make a specified level of cash distributions or year-to-year increases in cash distributions. If we declare a distribution and if more shareholders opt to receive cash distributions rather than participate in our distribution reinvestment plan, we may be forced to sell some of our investments in order to make cash dividend payments.

 

In addition, due to the asset coverage test applicable to us as a BDC, we may be limited in our ability to make distributions. Certain of the facilities may also limit our ability to declare distributions if we default under certain provisions. Further, if we invest a greater amount of assets in non-income producing securities, it could reduce the amount available for distribution and may also inhibit our ability to make required interest payments to holders of our debt, which may cause a default under the terms of our debt agreements. Such a default could materially increase our cost of raising capital, as well as cause us to incur penalties under the terms of our debt agreements.

 

Investing in our Common Shares may involve an above average degree of risk.

 

The investments we make in accordance with our investment objective may result in a higher amount of risk than alternative investment options and volatility or loss of principal. Our investments in portfolio companies may be highly speculative and aggressive and, therefore, an investment in our securities may not be suitable for someone with lower risk tolerance.

 

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The NAV of our Common Shares, and liquidity, if any, of the market for our Common Shares may fluctuate significantly.

 

The capital and credit markets have experienced periods of extreme volatility and disruption over the past several years (including throughout much of the past three fiscal years). The NAV for our Common Shares may be significantly affected by numerous factors, some of which are beyond our control and may not be directly related to our operating performance. These factors include:

 

price and volume fluctuations in the capital and credit markets from time to time;

 

changes in law, regulatory policies or tax guidelines, or interpretations thereof, particularly with respect to RICs or BDCs;

 

changes in accounting guidelines governing valuation of our investments;

 

  loss of our RIC or BDC status;

 

loss of a major funding source;

 

our ability to manage our capital resources effectively;

 

changes in our earnings or variations in our operating results;

 

changes in the value of our portfolio of investments;

 

any shortfall in investment income or net investment income or any increase in losses from levels expected by investors or securities analysts;

 

departure of Ares’ key personnel;

 

uncertainty surrounding the strength of the U.S. economy;

 

uncertainty between the U.S. and other countries with respect to trade policies, treaties, and tariffs;

 

global unrest; and

 

general economic trends and other external factors.

 

Our common shareholders will experience dilution in their ownership percentage if they do not opt into our distribution reinvestment plan.

 

All distributions declared in cash payable to shareholders that are participants in our distribution reinvestment plan are automatically reinvested in our Common Shares. As a result, our common shareholders that do not opt into our distribution reinvestment plan will experience dilution in their ownership percentage of our Common Shares over time. See “Distribution Reinvestment Plan.”

 

Our future credit ratings may not reflect all risks of an investment in our debt securities.

 

Our credit ratings are an assessment by third parties of our ability to pay our obligations. Consequently, real or anticipated changes in our credit ratings will generally affect the market value of our debt securities. Our future credit ratings, however, may not reflect the potential impact of risks related to market conditions generally or other factors discussed above on the market value of or trading market for the publicly issued debt securities.

 

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GENERAL RISK FACTORS

 

Global economic, political and market conditions, including uncertainty about the financial stability of the United States, could have a significant adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

Downgrades by rating agencies to the U.S. government’s credit rating or concerns about its credit and deficit levels in general could cause interest rates and borrowing costs to rise, which may negatively impact both the perception of credit risk associated with our debt portfolio and our ability to access the debt markets on favorable terms. In addition, a decreased U.S. government credit rating could create broader financial turmoil and uncertainty, which may weigh heavily on our financial performance and the value of our Common Shares. U.S. debt ceiling and budget deficit concerns have increased the possibility of additional credit-rating downgrades and economic slowdowns or a recession in the United States.

 

Deterioration in the economic conditions in the Eurozone and other regions or countries globally and the resulting instability in global financial markets may pose a risk to our business. Financial markets have been affected at times by a number of global macroeconomic events, including the following: large sovereign debts and fiscal deficits of several countries in Europe and in emerging markets jurisdictions, levels of non-performing loans on the balance sheets of European banks, the effect of the United Kingdom (the “U.K.”) leaving the EU, instability in the Chinese capital markets and the COVID-19 pandemic. Global market and economic disruptions have affected, and may in the future affect, the U.S. capital markets, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations. We cannot assure you that market disruptions in Europe and other regions or countries, including the increased cost of funding for certain governments and financial institutions, will not impact the global economy, and we cannot assure you that assistance packages will be available, or if available, be sufficient to stabilize countries and markets in Europe or elsewhere affected by a financial crisis. To the extent uncertainty regarding any economic recovery in Europe or elsewhere negatively impacts consumer confidence and consumer credit factors, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be significantly and adversely affected. Moreover, there is a risk of both sector-specific and broad-based corrections and/or downturns in the equity and credit markets. Any of the foregoing could have a significant impact on the markets in which we operate and could have a material adverse impact on our business prospects and financial condition.

 

Various social and political circumstances in the U.S. and around the world (including wars and other forms of conflict, terrorist acts, security operations and catastrophic events such as fires, floods, earthquakes, tornadoes, hurricanes and global health epidemics or outbreaks of infectious diseases), may also contribute to increased market volatility and economic uncertainties or deterioration in the U.S. and worldwide. Such events, including rising trade tensions between the United States and China, other uncertainties regarding actual and potential shifts in U.S. and foreign, trade, economic and other policies with other countries, the war in Ukraine and Russia, and health epidemics and pandemics, could adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations. These market and economic disruptions could negatively impact the operating results of our portfolio companies.

 

The war in Ukraine and Russia may have a material adverse impact on us and our portfolio companies.

 

On February 24, 2022, the President of Russia, Vladimir Putin, announced a military invasion of Ukraine. In response, countries worldwide, including the United States, have imposed sanctions against Russia on certain businesses and individuals, including, but not limited to, those in the banking, import and export sectors. This has led, is currently leading, and for an unknown period of time will continue to lead to disruptions in local, regional, national, and global markets and economies affected thereby. These disruptions caused by the war have included, and may continue to include, political, social, and economic disruptions and uncertainties and material increases in certain commodity prices that may affect our business operations and the operations of our portfolio companies.

 

We may experience fluctuations in our quarterly results.

 

We could experience fluctuations in our quarterly operating results due to a number of factors, including the interest rates payable on the debt investments we make, the default rates on such investments, the level of our expenses, variations in and the timing of the recognition of realized and unrealized gains or losses, the degree to which we encounter competition in our markets and general economic conditions. As a result of these factors, results for any period should not be relied upon as being indicative of performance in future periods.

 

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We are dependent on information systems and systems failures could significantly disrupt our business, which may, in turn, negatively affect our liquidity, financial condition or results of operations.

 

Our business is dependent on our and third parties’ communications and information systems. Further, in the ordinary course of our business we or our investment adviser may engage certain third party service providers to provide us with services necessary for our business. Any failure or interruption of those systems or services, including as a result of the termination or suspension of an agreement with any third-party service providers, could cause delays or other problems in our business activities. Our financial, accounting, data processing, backup or other operating systems and facilities may fail to operate properly or become disabled or damaged as a result of a number of factors including events that are wholly or partially beyond our control and adversely affect our business. There could be:

 

sudden electrical or telecommunications outages;

 

natural disasters such as earthquakes, tornadoes and hurricanes;

 

disease pandemics;

 

events arising from local or larger scale political or social matters, including terrorist acts; and

 

cyber-attacks.

 

These events, in turn, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results and negatively affect the NAV of our Common Shares and our ability to pay dividends to our common shareholders.

 

Cybersecurity risks and cyber incidents may adversely affect our business or the business of our portfolio companies by causing a disruption to our operations or the operations of our portfolio companies, a compromise or corruption of our confidential information or the confidential information of our portfolio companies and/or damage to our business relationships or the business relationships of our portfolio companies, all of which could negatively impact the business, financial condition and operating results of us or our portfolio companies.

 

A cyber incident is considered to be any adverse event that threatens the confidentiality, integrity or availability of the information resources of us or our portfolio companies. The efficient operation of our business is dependent on computer hardware and software systems, as well as data processing systems and the secure processing, storage and transmission of information, all of which are potentially vulnerable to security breaches and cyber incidents or other data security breaches. These incidents may be an intentional attack or an unintentional event and could involve gaining unauthorized access to our information systems or those of our portfolio companies for purposes of misappropriating assets, stealing confidential information, corrupting data or causing operational disruption. The risk of a security breach or disruption, particularly through cyber-attacks or cyber intrusions, including by computer hackers, nation-state affiliated actors, and cyber terrorists, has generally increased as the number, intensity and sophistication of attempted attacks and intrusions from around the world have increased. We and our investment adviser’s employees have been and expect to continue to be the target of fraudulent calls, emails and other forms of potentially malicious or otherwise negatively impacting activities and attempts to gain unauthorized access to confidential, personal or other sensitive information. The result of these incidents may include disrupted operations, misstated or unreliable financial data, liability for stolen assets or information, fines or penalties, investigations, increased cybersecurity protection and insurance costs, litigation and damage to business relationships and reputations causing our business and results of operations to suffer.

 

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The costs related to cyber or other security threats or disruptions may not be fully insured or indemnified by other means. As our and our portfolio companies’ reliance on technology has increased, so have the risks posed to our information systems, both internal and those provided by Ares Management and third-party service providers, and the information systems of our portfolio companies. Ares Management has implemented processes, procedures and internal controls to help mitigate cybersecurity risks and cyber intrusions, but these measures, as well as our increased awareness of the nature and extent of a risk of a cyber incident, do not guarantee that a cyber incident will not occur and/or that our financial results, operations or confidential information will not be negatively impacted by such an incident. Even the most well-protected information, networks, systems and facilities remain potentially vulnerable because the techniques used in such attempted security breaches evolve and generally are not recognized until launched against a target, and in some cases are designed not to be detected and, in fact, may not be detected. Accordingly, we and our service providers may be unable to anticipate these techniques or to implement adequate security barriers or other preventative measures, and thus it is impossible for us and our service providers to entirely mitigate this risk. Cybersecurity risks require continuous and increasing attention and other resources from us to, among other actions, identify and quantify these risks, upgrade and expand our technologies, systems and processes to adequately address such risks. Such attention diverts time and other resources from other activities and there is no assurance that our efforts will be effective.

 

In addition, cybersecurity has become a top priority for global lawmakers and regulators, and some jurisdictions have proposed or enacted laws requiring companies to notify regulators and individuals of data security breaches involving certain types of personal data. In particular, state and federal laws and regulations related to cybersecurity compliance continue to evolve and change, which may require substantial investments by us and/or our investment adviser and its affiliates in new technology, software and personnel, which could affect our profitability. These changes may also result in enhanced and unforeseen consequences for cyber-related breaches and incidents, which may further adversely affect our profitability. If we fail to comply with the relevant and increasing complex laws, regulations and disclosure obligations, we could suffer financial losses, a disruption of our business, liability to investors, regulatory intervention or reputational damage.

 

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ESTIMATED USE OF PROCEEDS

 

We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering to (1) make investments in accordance with our investment objective, (2) reduce borrowings and repay indebtedness incurred under various financing agreements we may enter into and (3) fund repurchases under our share repurchase program. Generally, our policy will be to pay distributions and operating expenses from cash flow from operations, however, we are not restricted from funding these items from proceeds from this offering or other sources and may choose to do so, particularly in the earlier part of this offering. We intend to use a portion of the net proceeds we receive in this offering to repay outstanding indebtedness under our Credit Facility (which had no outstanding borrowings as of December 31, 2022). The interest rate charged on the Credit Facility is based on SOFR plus a credit spread adjustment of 0.10% (or an alternate rate of interest for certain loans, commitments and/or other extensions of credit denominated in approved foreign currencies plus a spread adjustment, if applicable) plus an applicable spread of either 1.75% or 1.875% or an “alternate base rate” (as defined in the agreements governing the Credit Facility) plus an applicable spread of either 0.75% or 0.875%, in each case, determined monthly based on the total amount of the borrowing base relative to the sum of (i) the greater of (a) the aggregate amount of revolving exposure under the Credit Facility and (b) 85% of the total commitments of the Credit Facility (or, if higher, the total revolving exposure) plus (ii) other debt, if any, secured by the same collateral as the Credit Facility. As of December 31, 2022, the interest rate in effect was SOFR plus 1.875%.

 

We will seek to invest the net proceeds received in this offering as promptly as practicable after receipt thereof, generally within 90 days of each subscription closing, and in any event within six months of each subscription closing. While we do not anticipate a lengthy delay in investing our net proceeds, depending on market conditions and the availability of investments that meet our investment objective, we may be unable to invest such proceeds within the time period we anticipate. If we are unable to identify investments that meet our investment objective or market conditions or other factors affect our ability to invest our net proceeds, including during our anticipated time period, we will invest the net proceeds primarily in U.S. government securities and other high-quality short-term investments. These securities may earn yields substantially lower than the income that we anticipate receiving once we are fully invested in accordance with our investment objective. As a result, we may not be able to achieve our investment objective and/or pay any distributions during this period or, if we are able to do so, such distributions may be substantially lower than the distributions that we expect to pay when our portfolio is fully invested. If we do not realize yields in excess of our expenses, we may incur operating losses and the NAV of our Common Shares may decline. See “Regulation—Temporary Investments” for additional information about temporary investments we may make while waiting to make longer-term investments in pursuit of our investment objective.

 

We estimate that we will incur approximately $[    ] million of organization and offering expenses (excluding shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees) in connection with this offering (including expenses incurred in connection with our Private Placement), or approximately [    ]% of the gross proceeds, assuming maximum gross proceeds of $5,000,000,000. We have entered into an Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement with our investment adviser, pursuant to which, among other things, our investment adviser has agreed to advance a portion of our organization and initial offering expenses, which includes all of our organization and initial offering expenses incurred in connection with the Private Placement. We have an obligation to reimburse our investment adviser until such time as all Expense Payments made by our investment adviser to us within three years prior to the last business day of such calendar month have been reimbursed which is conditioned upon the occurrence of certain events. In addition, our investment adviser may waive its right to receive monthly reimbursement payments from us in an applicable month. If we are required to reimburse our investment adviser pursuant to the Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement, we and, ultimately, our common shareholders, will repay such expenses pursuant to the terms of that agreement. Any reimbursements will not exceed actual expenses incurred by our investment adviser and its affiliates.

 

The following tables set forth our estimate of how we intend to use the gross proceeds from this offering. Information is provided assuming that the Fund sells the maximum number of shares registered in this offering, or [   ] shares. The amount of net proceeds may be more or less than the amount depicted in the table below depending on the public offering price of our Common Shares and the actual number of shares we sell in this offering. The table below assumes that shares are sold at the current offering price of $[   ] per share. Such amount is subject to increase or decrease based upon our NAV per share.

 

The following tables present information about the net proceeds raised in this offering for each class, assuming the maximum primary offering amount of $5,000,000,000. The tables assume that 1/3 of our gross offering proceeds are from the sale of Class S shares, 1/3 of our gross offering proceeds are from the sale of Class D shares and 1/3 of our gross offering proceeds are from the sale of Class I shares. The number of shares of each class sold and the relative proportions in which the classes of shares are sold are uncertain and may differ significantly from what is shown in the tables below. Because amounts in the following tables are estimates, they may not accurately reflect the actual receipt or use of the gross proceeds from this offering. Amounts expressed as a percentage of net proceeds or gross proceeds may be higher or lower due to rounding.

  

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The following table presents information regarding the use of proceeds raised in this offering with respect to Class S shares.

 

    Maximum Offering of
$[    ] in
Class S Shares
 
Gross Proceeds(1)    $ [    ]       [    ] %
Upfront Sales Load(2)   $ [    ]       [    ] %
Organization and Offering Expenses(3)   $ [    ]       [    ] %
Net Proceeds Available for Investment   $ [    ]       [    ] %

 

The following table presents information regarding the use of proceeds raised in this offering with respect to Class D shares.

 

    Maximum Offering of
$[    ] in
Class D Shares
 
Gross Proceeds(1)    $ [    ]       [    ] %
Upfront Sales Load(2)   $ [    ]       [    ] %
Organization and Offering Expenses(3)   $ [    ]       [    ] %
Net Proceeds Available for Investment   $ [    ]       [    ] %

 

The following table presents information regarding the use of proceeds raised in this offering with respect to Class I shares.

 

    Maximum Offering of
$[    ] in
Class I Shares
 
Gross Proceeds(1)    $ [    ]       [    ] %
Upfront Sales Load(2)   $ [    ]       [    ] %
Organization and Offering Expenses(3)   $ [    ]       [    ] %
Net Proceeds Available for Investment   $ [    ]       [    ] %

 

 

 (1)   We intend to conduct a continuous offering of an unlimited number of Common Shares over an unlimited time period by filing a new registration statement prior to the end of the three-year period described in Rule 415 under the Securities Act; however, in certain states this offering is subject to annual extensions.
(2)   No upfront sales load will be paid with respect to Class S shares, Class D shares or Class I shares. However, if you buy Class S shares or Class D shares through certain selling agents, they may directly charge you transaction or other fees, including upfront placement fees or brokerage commissions, in such amount as they may determine, provided that selling agents limit such charges to a 3.5% cap on NAV for Class S shares and 1.5% cap on NAV for Class D shares. Selling agents will not charge such fees on Class I shares. Subject to FINRA limitations on underwriting compensation, we and, ultimately, certain classes of our common shareholders, will pay the following shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees to the intermediary manager: (a) for Class S shares, a shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee equal to 0.85% per annum of the aggregate NAV as of the beginning of the first calendar day of the month for the Class S shares and (b) for Class D shares, a shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee equal to 0.25% per annum of the aggregate NAV as of the beginning of the first calendar day of the month for the Class D shares, in each case, payable monthly. No shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee will be paid with respect to the Class I shares. The intermediary manager anticipates that all or a portion of the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee will be retained by, or reallowed (paid) to, participating broker dealers. The total amount that will be paid over time for other underwriting compensation depends on the average length of time for which shares remain outstanding, the term over which such amount is measured and the performance of our investments. We will cease paying the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee on the Class S shares and Class D shares on the earlier to occur of the following: (i) a listing of Class I shares, (ii) our merger or consolidation with or into another entity, or the sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of our assets or (iii) the date following the completion of the primary portion of this offering on which, in the aggregate underwriting compensation from all sources in connection with this offering on, including the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee and other underwriting compensation, is equal to 10% of the gross proceeds from our primary offering.
(3)   The organization and offering expense numbers shown above represent our estimates of expenses to be incurred by us in connection with this offering and include estimated wholesaling expenses reimbursable by us. See “Plan of Distribution” for examples of the types of organization and offering expenses we may incur.

 

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PLAN OF OPERATION

 

The information in this section contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Please see “Risk Factors” and “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” for a discussion of the uncertainties, risks and assumptions associated with these statements. You should read the following discussion in conjunction with the financial statements and related notes and other financial information appearing elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

Overview

 

We are an externally managed, closed-end management investment company that has elected to be treated as a BDC under the Investment Company Act. Formed as a Delaware statutory trust on March 15, 2022, we are externally managed by our investment adviser, which is responsible for sourcing potential investments, conducting due diligence on prospective investments, analyzing investment opportunities, structuring investments and monitoring our portfolio on an ongoing basis. Our investment adviser is registered as investment adviser with the SEC. We also intend to elect to be treated, and intend to qualify annually thereafter, as a RIC under the Code.

 

We are externally managed by our investment adviser, Ares Capital Management, a subsidiary of Ares Management, a publicly traded, leading global alternative investment manager, pursuant to our investment advisory and management agreement. Our administrator, Ares Operations, a subsidiary of Ares Management, provides certain administrative and other services necessary for us to operate.

 

Our investment objective is to generate current income and, to a lesser extent, long-term capital appreciation. We invest primarily in first lien senior secured loans, second lien senior secured loans, subordinated secured and unsecured loans, subordinated debt, which in some cases includes equity and/or preferred components, and other types of credit instruments which may include commercial real estate mezzanine loans, real estate mortgages, distressed investments, securitized products, notes, bills, debentures, bank loans, convertible and preferred securities, infrastructure debt and government and municipal obligations, made to or issued by U.S. middle-market companies, which we generally define as companies with annual EBITDA between $10 million and $250 million. We expect that a majority of our investments will be in directly originated loans. For cash management and other purposes, we also intend to invest in broadly syndicated loans and other more liquid credit investments, including in publicly traded debt instruments and other instruments that are not directly originated. We intend to primarily invest in illiquid and restricted securities, and while most of our investments are expected to be in private U.S. companies (we generally have to invest at least 70% of our total assets in “qualifying assets,” including private U.S. companies), we may also invest from time to time in non-U.S. companies. Our portfolio may also include equity securities such as common stock, preferred stock, warrants or options, which may be obtained as part of providing a broader financing solution. Under normal circumstances, we will invest directly or indirectly at least 80% of our total assets (net assets plus borrowings for investment purposes) in debt investments of varying maturities. Subject to the limitations of the Investment Company Act, we may invest in loans, the proceeds of which may refinance or otherwise repay debt or securities of companies whose debt is owned by other Ares funds. From time to time, we may co-invest with other Ares funds. See “Regulation—Exemptive Relief.

 

To seek to enhance our returns, we intend to employ leverage as market conditions permit and at the discretion of our investment adviser, but in no event will leverage employed exceed the limitations set forth in the Investment Company Act, which currently allows us to borrow up to a 2:1 debt to equity ratio. We intend to use leverage in the form of borrowings, including loans from certain financial institutions and the issuance of debt securities. We may also use leverage in the form of the issuance of preferred shares, but do not currently intend to do so. In determining whether to borrow money, we will analyze the maturity, covenant package and rate structure of the proposed borrowings as well as the risks of such borrowings compared to our investment outlook. Any such leverage, if incurred, would be expected to increase the total capital available for investment by the Fund. See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business and Structure—We will borrow money, which magnifies the potential for gain or loss on amounts invested and may increase the risk of investing with us.” To finance investments, we may securitize certain of our secured loans or other investments, including through the formation of one or more CLOs, while retaining all or most of the exposure to the performance of these investments. See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business and Structure—We may form one or more CLOs, which may subject us to certain structured financing risks.”

 

See “Investment Objective and Strategies” for more information about our investment strategies. Our investments are subject to a number of risks. See “Risk Factors.”

  

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Revenues

 

We plan to generate revenue in the form of interest income on debt investments, capital gains, and dividend income from our equity investments in our portfolio companies. Our senior and subordinated debt investments are expected to bear interest at a fixed or floating rate. Interest on debt securities is generally payable quarterly or semiannually. In some cases, some of our investments may provide for deferred interest payments or PIK interest. The principal amount of the debt securities and any accrued but unpaid PIK interest generally will become due at the maturity date. In addition, we may generate revenue in the form of commitment and other fees in connection with transactions. Original issue discounts and market discounts or premiums will be capitalized, and we will accrete or amortize such amounts as interest income. We will record prepayment premiums on loans and debt securities as realized gains. Dividend income, if any, will be recognized on an accrual basis to the extent that we expect to collect such amounts.

 

Expenses

 

The services of all investment professionals of our investment adviser and its staff, when and to the extent engaged in providing investment advisory services to us and the compensation and routine overhead expenses of such personnel allocable to such services, are provided and paid for by our investment adviser. Under the investment advisory and management agreement, we bear all other costs and expenses of our operations and transactions, including, but not limited to, those relating to:

 

(a)                 our “organization and offering expenses” associated with this offering, as provided for in Conduct Rule 2310(a)(12) of the Financial Industrial Regulatory Authority, but excluding any shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees;

 

(b)                calculating our net asset value (including the cost and expenses of any independent valuation firms or pricing services);

 

(c)                 expenses incurred by our investment adviser payable to third parties, including agents, consultants or other advisors, in monitoring our financial and legal affairs and in monitoring our investments (including the cost of consultants hired to develop information technology systems designed to monitor our investments) and performing due diligence on its prospective portfolio companies;

 

(d)                interest payable on debt, if any, incurred to finance our investments;

 

(e)                offerings of our Common Shares and other securities;

 

(f)                 the costs of effecting any repurchases of our Common Shares and other securities, if any;

 

(g)                investment advisory fees, including management fees and incentive fees, payable under the investment advisory and management agreement to our investment adviser;

 

(h)                administration fees, if any, payable under the administration agreement;

 

(i)                 fees payable, if any, under any intermediary manager or selected intermediary agreements;

 

(j)                 shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees payable under our Distribution and Shareholder Servicing Plan adopted pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the Investment Company Act;

 

(k)                fees payable to third parties, including agents, consultants or other advisors, relating to, or associated with, evaluating and making investments (including payments to third party vendors for financial information services);

 

(l)                 transfer agent, escrow agent and custodial fees and expenses;

 

(m)               federal and state registration fees;

 

(n)                all costs of registration and listing our Common Shares or any other securities on any securities exchange;

 

(o)                federal, state and local taxes;

 

(p)                independent Trustees’ fees and expenses;

 

(q)                costs of preparing and filing reports or other documents required by governmental bodies (including the SEC) and an official or agency administering the securities laws of a state;

 

(r)                 costs of any reports, proxy statements or other notices to shareholders, including printing and other related costs;

 

(s)                commissions and other compensation payable to brokers or dealers;

 

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(t)                 our allocable portion of the fidelity bond, trustees and officers/errors and omissions liability insurance, and any other insurance premiums;

 

(u)                outside legal expenses;

 

(v)                accounting expenses (including fees and disbursements and expenses related to the audit of the Fund and the preparation of the Fund’s tax information);

 

(w)               direct costs and expenses of administration, including printing, mailing, long distance telephone, cellular phone and data service, copying, and staff; and

 

(x)                 all other expenses incurred by us or our administrator in connection with administering our business as described in more detail under “—Administration Agreement” below.

 

With respect to (a) above, we have entered into an Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement with our investment adviser, pursuant to which, among other things, our investment adviser has agreed to advance a portion of our organization and initial offering expenses, which includes all of our organization and initial offering expenses incurred in connection with the Private Placement. For information about our reimbursement of such expenses, see “—Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement.” Any reimbursements will not exceed actual expenses incurred by our investment adviser and its affiliates.

 

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From time to time, our investment adviser, our administrator or their affiliates may pay third-party providers of goods or services. We will reimburse our investment adviser, our administrator or such affiliates thereof for any such amounts paid on our behalf. From time to time, our investment adviser or our administrator may defer or waive fees and/or rights to be reimbursed for expenses. All of the foregoing expenses will ultimately be borne by our shareholders, subject to the cap on organization and offering expenses described above.

 

Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement

 

We have entered into an Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement with our investment adviser, pursuant to which, among other things, our investment adviser has agreed to advance a portion of our organization and initial offering expenses, which includes all of our organization and initial offering expenses incurred in connection with the Private Placement. Our investment adviser may also elect to pay certain Other Expense Payments, provided that no portion of an Expense Payment will be used to pay any interest expense or shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee of the Fund. Any Expense Payment that our investment adviser has committed to pay must be paid by our investment adviser to us in any combination of cash or other immediately available funds no later than forty-five days after such commitment was made in writing, and/or offset against amounts due from us to our investment adviser or its affiliates.

 

Following any calendar month in which Available Operating Funds (as defined below) exceed the cumulative distributions accrued to the Fund’s shareholders based on distributions declared with respect to record dates occurring in such calendar month (the amount of such excess being hereinafter referred to as “Excess Operating Funds”), we shall pay such Excess Operating Funds, or a portion thereof, to our investment adviser until such time as all Expense Payments made by our investment adviser to us within three years prior to the last business day of such calendar month have been reimbursed. Any payments required to be made by the Fund shall be referred to herein as a “Reimbursement Payment.” Reimbursement Payments are conditioned on (i) an expense ratio (excluding any management or incentive fee) that, after giving effect to the recoupment, is lower than the expense ratio (excluding any management or incentive fee) at the time of the fee waiver or expense reimbursement and (ii) a distribution level (exclusive of return of capital, if any) equal to, or greater than, the rate at the time of the waiver or reimbursement. “Available Operating Funds” means the sum of (i) our net investment company taxable income (including net short-term capital gains reduced by net long-term capital losses), (ii) our net capital gains (including the excess of net long-term capital gains over net short-term capital losses) and (iii) dividends and other distributions paid to us on account of investments in portfolio companies (to the extent such amounts listed in clause (iii) are not included under clauses (i) and (ii) above).

 

The Fund’s obligation to make a Reimbursement Payment shall automatically become a liability of the Fund on the last business day of the applicable calendar month, except to the extent our investment adviser has waived its right to receive such payment for the applicable month. Reimbursement Payments for a given Expense Payment must be made within three years of the last business day of the applicable calendar month. The expense support is measured on a per share class basis.

 

Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

We expect to generate cash primarily from (i) the net proceeds of this offering, (ii) cash flows from our operations, (iii) any financing arrangements we may enter into in the future, (iv) advances from the Credit Facility, and (v) any future offerings of our equity or debt securities. We intend to sell our Common Shares pursuant to this Registration Statement on a continuous basis at a per share price equal to the then-current NAV per share.

 

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Our primary uses of cash will be for (i) investments in portfolio companies and other investments, (ii) the cost of operations (including paying our investment adviser and our administrator), (iii) cost of any borrowings or other financing arrangements and (iv) cash distributions to the holders of our Common Shares.

 

Private Placement

 

Beginning in November 2022 and ending on January 30, 2023, we entered into subscription agreements with several investors providing for the commitment to purchase an aggregate of up to $847.1 million of the Fund’s unregistered Class I shares. The Private Placement was conducted pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act and Rule 506(b) promulgated under the Securities Act and was thus exempt from registration under the Securities Act as it was made only to investors (or advisors and/or managers of such investors) with whom our investment adviser had substantive pre-existing relationships, as each of such investors (or such investor’s advisors and/or managers) was known by our investment adviser (or persons acting on our investment adviser's behalf ) due to a prior investment relationship with entities affiliated with Ares, and who are “accredited investors” under Rule 501(a) of the Securities Act.

 

Pursuant to the subscription agreements entered into between the Fund and each investor in connection with the Private Placement (the “Subscription Agreements”), the investors participating in the Private Placement (the “Private Placement Investors”) committed to purchase Class I shares at an initial offering price of $25.00 per share, to be adjusted following the initial drawdown of such Private Placement Investor’s subscription to a price per share equal to the NAV per share as of the most recently completed month-end prior to the date of such drawdown. Under the Subscription Agreements, we intend to call all capital from the Private Placement Investors prior to closing on the sale of any shares pursuant to this Registration Statement. The Subscription Agreements include an Accredited Investor Status questionnaire, which requires all investors to certify that they are “accredited investors,” as defined in Rule 501(a) of Regulation D under the Securities Act. Each Private Placement Investor’s commitment to purchase Common Shares is not conditioned on any future event within a Private Placement Investor’s control, and, as such, the Private Placement is not conditioned on any future event.

 

Pursuant to the Subscription Agreements, as of January 31, 2023, we have called an aggregate of $175.3 million from the Private Placement Investors, and in exchange therefore we have issued Class I shares to 61 shareholders, including the investment from our sole initial shareholder. We have not sold any shares of our Class S or Class D shares. 

 

We commenced operations in December 2022 after we received initial capital from the Private Placement. In connection with the commencement of our operations, the investment advisory and management agreement became effective and the base management fee and any incentive fees, as applicable, payable by us to our investment adviser under the investment advisory and management agreement began to accrue. Proceeds from the Private Placement are being invested in accordance with the Fund’s investment objective.

 

Credit Facility

 

On December 20, 2022, we entered into the Credit Facility, which provides a multicurrency commitment of $625.0 million. The end of the revolving period and the stated maturity date for the Credit Facility is December 20, 2026 and December 20, 2027, respectively. The Credit Facility also provides for a feature that allows us, under certain circumstances, to increase the overall size of the Credit Facility to a maximum of $1.05 billion. The interest rate charged on the Credit Facility is based on SOFR plus a credit spread adjustment of 0.10% (or an alternate rate of interest for certain loans, commitments and/or other extensions of credit denominated in certain approved foreign currencies plus a spread adjustment, if applicable) plus an applicable spread of either 1.75% or 1.875% or an “alternate base rate” (as defined in the agreements governing the Credit Facility) plus an applicable spread of either 0.75% or 0.875%, in each case, determined monthly based on the total amount of the borrowing base relative to the sum of (i) the greater of (a) the aggregate amount of revolving exposure under the Credit Facility and (b) 85% of the total commitments of the Credit Facility (or, if higher, the total revolving exposure) plus (ii) other debt, if any, secured by the same collateral as the Credit Facility. As of December 31, 2022, the interest rate in effect was SOFR plus 1.875%. The Credit Facility also provides for a sub-limit for the issuance of letters of credit for up to an aggregate amount of $100 million. As of December 31, 2022, the Fund had no letters of credit issued through the Credit Facility. The amount available for borrowing under the Credit Facility is reduced by any letters of credit issued. The Credit Facility also provides for a sub-limit for the issuance of swingline loans for up to an aggregate amount of $100 million. As of December 31, 2022, the Fund had no swing line loans issued through the Credit Facility. The amount available for borrowing under the Credit Facility is reduced by any letters of credit issued.

 

Under the Credit Facility, the Fund is required to comply with various covenants, reporting requirements and other customary requirements for similar revolving credit facilities, including, without limitation, covenants related to: (a) limitations on the incurrence of additional indebtedness and liens, (b) limitations on certain investments, (c) limitations on certain restricted payments, (d) maintaining a certain minimum stockholders’ equity, (e) maintaining a ratio of total assets (less total liabilities not representing indebtedness) to total indebtedness of the Fund and its consolidated subsidiaries (subject to certain exceptions) of not less than 1.5:1.0, (f) limitations on pledging certain unencumbered assets, and (g) limitations on the creation or existence of agreements that prohibit liens on certain properties of the Fund and certain of its subsidiaries. These covenants are subject to important limitations and exceptions that are described in the documents governing the Credit Facility. Amounts available to borrow under the Credit Facility (and the incurrence of certain other permitted debt) are also subject to compliance with a borrowing base that applies different advance rates to different types of assets (based on their value as determined pursuant to the Credit Facility) that are pledged as collateral. The Credit Facility is secured by the assets in the Fund’s portfolio. As of December 31, 2022, there were no borrowings under the Credit Facility and the Fund was in compliance in all material respects with the terms of the Credit Facility.

 

Net Worth of Sponsors

 

The NASAA, in its Omnibus Guidelines Statement of Policy adopted on March 29, 1992 and as amended on May 7, 2007 and from time to time (the “Omnibus Guidelines”), requires that our affiliates and investment adviser, or our Sponsor as defined under the Omnibus Guidelines, have an aggregate financial net worth, exclusive of home, automobiles and home furnishings, of the greater of either $100,000, or 5.0% of the first $20 million of both the gross amount of securities currently being offered in this offering and the gross amount of any originally issued direct participation program securities sold by our affiliates and sponsors within the past 12 months, plus 1.0% of all amounts in excess of the first $20 million. Based on these requirements, our investment adviser and its affiliates, while not liable directly or indirectly for any indebtedness we may incur, have an aggregate financial net worth in excess of those amounts required by the Omnibus Guidelines Statement of Policy.

 

Critical Accounting Policies

 

This discussion of our expected operating plans is based upon our expected financial statements, which will be prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements will require our management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. Changes in the economic environment, financial markets and any other parameters used in determining such estimates could cause actual results to differ. In addition to the discussion below, we will describe our critical accounting policies in the notes to our future financial statements.

 

Investment Transactions

 

Investment transactions are recorded on the trade date. Realized gains or losses are measured by the difference between the net proceeds from the repayment or sale and the amortized cost basis of the investment using the specific identification method without regard to unrealized gains or losses previously recognized, and include investments charged off during the period, net of recoveries. Unrealized gains or losses primarily reflect the change in investment values, including the reversal of previously recorded unrealized gains or losses when gains or losses are realized.

 

Investments for which market quotations are readily available are typically valued at such market quotations. In order to validate market quotations, the Fund looks at a number of factors to determine if the quotations are representative of fair value, including the source and nature of the quotations. Debt and equity securities that are not publicly traded or whose market prices are not readily available (i.e., substantially all of the Fund’s investments) are valued at fair value as determined in good faith by our investment adviser, as valuation designee, in accordance with our investment adviser’s valuation policy and procedures. In addition, the Fund’s independent registered public accounting firm obtains an understanding of, and performs select procedures relating to, the Fund’s investment valuation process within the context of performing the integrated audit.

 

As part of the valuation process for investments that do not have readily available market prices, the investment adviser may take into account the following types of factors, if relevant, in determining the fair value of the Fund’s investments: the enterprise value of a portfolio company (the entire value of the portfolio company to a market participant, including the sum of the values of debt and equity securities used to capitalize the enterprise at a point in time), the nature and realizable value of any collateral, the portfolio company’s ability to make payments and its earnings and discounted cash flow, the markets in which the portfolio company does business, a comparison of the portfolio company’s securities to any similar publicly traded securities, changes in the interest rate environment and the credit markets, which may affect the price at which similar investments would trade in their principal markets and other relevant factors. When an external event such as a purchase transaction, public offering or subsequent sale occurs, the investment adviser considers the pricing indicated by the external event to corroborate its valuation.

 

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Due to the inherent uncertainty of determining the fair value of investments that do not have a readily available market value, the fair value of the Fund’s investments may fluctuate from period to period. Additionally, the fair value of the Fund’s investments may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had a ready market existed for such investments and may differ materially from the values that the Fund may ultimately realize. Further, such investments are generally subject to legal and other restrictions on resale or otherwise are less liquid than publicly traded securities. If the Fund was required to liquidate a portfolio investment in a forced or liquidation sale, the Fund could realize significantly less than the value at which the Fund has recorded it. In addition, changes in the market environment and other events that may occur over the life of the investments may cause the gains or losses ultimately realized on these investments to be different than the unrealized gains or losses reflected in the valuations currently assigned. All investments in securities are recorded at their fair value.

 

Interest Income Recognition

 

Interest income is recorded on an accrual basis and includes the accretion of discounts, amortization of premiums and PIK interest. Discounts from and premiums to par value on investments purchased are accreted/amortized into interest income over the life of the respective security using the effective yield method. To the extent loans contain PIK provisions, PIK interest, computed at the contractual rate specified in each applicable agreement, is accrued and recorded as interest income and added to the principal balance of the loan. PIK interest income added to the principal balance is generally collected upon repayment of the outstanding principal. To maintain the Fund’s status as a RIC, this non-cash source of income must be paid out to shareholders in the form of dividends for the year the income was earned, even though the Fund has not yet collected the cash. The amortized cost of investments represents the original cost adjusted for any accretion of discounts, amortization of premiums and PIK interest.

 

Loans are generally placed on non-accrual status when principal or interest payments are past due 30 days or more or when there is reasonable doubt that principal or interest will be collected in full. Accrued and unpaid interest is generally reversed when a loan is placed on non-accrual status. Interest payments received on non-accrual loans may be recognized as income or applied to principal depending upon the Fund’s judgment regarding collectability. Non-accrual loans are restored to accrual status when past due principal and interest are paid or there is no longer any reasonable doubt that such principal or interest will be collected in full and, in the Fund’s judgment, are likely to remain current. The Fund may make exceptions to this policy if the loan has sufficient collateral value (i.e., typically measured as enterprise value of the portfolio company) or is in the process of collection.

 

Dividend Income Recognition

 

Dividend income on preferred equity is recorded on an accrual basis to the extent that such amounts are payable by the portfolio company and are expected to be collected. Dividend income on common equity is recorded on the record date for private portfolio companies or on the ex-dividend date for publicly traded portfolio companies. To the extent a preferred equity contains PIK provisions, PIK dividends, computed at the contractual rate specified in each applicable agreement, are accrued and recorded as dividend income and added to the principal balance of the preferred equity. PIK dividends added to the principal balance are generally collected upon redemption of the equity.

 

Capital Structuring Service Fees and Other Income

 

In pursuit of the Fund’s investment objective, the Fund’s investment adviser seeks to provide assistance to its portfolio companies and in return the Fund may receive fees for capital structuring services. These fees are fixed based on contractual terms, are generally only available to the Fund as a result of the Fund’s underlying investments, are normally paid at the closing of the investments, are generally non-recurring and non-refundable and are recognized as revenue when earned upon closing of the investment. The services that the Fund’s investment adviser provides vary by investment, but generally include reviewing existing credit facilities, arranging bank financing, arranging equity financing, structuring financing from multiple lenders, structuring financing from multiple equity investors, restructuring existing loans, raising equity and debt capital, and providing general financial advice, which concludes upon closing of the investment. Any services of the above nature subsequent to the closing would generally generate a separate fee payable to the Fund. In certain instances where the Fund is invited to participate as a co-lender in a transaction and does not provide significant services in connection with the investment, a portion of loan fees paid to the Fund in such situations will be deferred and amortized over the contractual life of the loan.

 

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Other income includes amendment fees that are fixed based on contractual terms and are generally non-recurring and non-refundable and are recognized as revenue when earned upon closing of the related transaction. Other income also includes fees for management and consulting services, loan guarantees, commitments, and other services rendered by the Fund to portfolio companies. Such fees are fixed based on contractual terms and are recognized as income as services are rendered.

 

Distributions

 

To the extent that the Fund has taxable income available, the Fund currently intends to make monthly distributions to its shareholders. Distributions to shareholders are recorded on the record date. All distributions will be paid at the sole discretion of our Board of Trustees and will depend on our earnings, financial condition, maintenance of our tax treatment as a RIC, compliance with applicable BDC regulations and such other factors as our Board of Trustees may deem relevant from time to time. Although the gross distribution per share is generally expected to be equivalent for each share class, the net distribution for each share class is reduced for any class-specific expenses, including the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee, if any.

 

Income Taxes

 

The Fund intends to elect to be treated as a RIC under the Code and operates in a manner so as to qualify for the tax treatment applicable to RICs. To qualify as a RIC, the Fund must (among other requirements) meet certain source-of- income and asset diversification requirements and timely distribute to its shareholders at least 90% of its investment company taxable income, as defined by the Code, for each year. The Fund intends to make the requisite distributions to its shareholders, which will generally relieve the Fund from U.S. federal corporate-level income taxes.

 

Depending on the level of taxable income earned in a tax year, the Fund may choose to carry forward taxable income in excess of current year dividend distributions from such current year taxable income into the next tax year and pay a 4% excise tax on such income, as required. To the extent that the Fund determines that its estimated current year taxable income will be in excess of estimated dividend distributions for the current year from such income, the Fund accrues excise tax, if any, on estimated excess taxable income as such taxable income is earned.

 

The Fund may hold certain portfolio company investments through consolidated taxable subsidiaries. Such subsidiaries may be subject to U.S. federal and state corporate-level income taxes. These consolidated subsidiaries recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities for the estimated future tax effects attributable to temporary differences between the tax basis of certain assets and liabilities and the reported amounts included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet using the applicable statutory tax rates in effect for the year in which any such temporary differences are expected to reverse.

 

Contractual Obligations

 

The Fund has entered into our investment advisory and management agreement with our investment adviser to provide the Fund with investment advisory services and our administration agreement with our administrator to provide the Fund with administrative services. Payments for investment advisory services under our investment advisory and management agreement and reimbursements under our administration agreement are described in “Investment Advisory and Management Agreement and Administration Agreement.”

 

The Fund has entered into the Credit Facility, and may enter into one or more additional credit facilities or enter into other financing arrangements to facilitate investments and the timely payment of our expenses. Our Credit Facility bears interest at floating rates at spreads over SOFR. and it is anticipated that any future credit facilities will also bear interest at floating rates at to-be-determined spreads over SOFR. As of December 31, 2022, the interest rate under our Credit Facility was SOFR plus 1.875%. The Fund cannot assure shareholders that the Fund will be able to enter into any future credit facilities on favorable terms or at all. In connection with a credit facility or other borrowings, lenders may require the Fund to pledge assets, commitments and/or drawdowns (and the ability to enforce the payment thereof) and may ask to comply with positive or negative covenants that could have an effect on our operations. As of December 31, 2022, we did not have any outstanding borrowings under our Credit Facility.

 

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The Fund expects to enter into commitments, including unfunded commitments, to fund various revolving and delayed draw senior secured and subordinated loans, including commitments to fund which are at (or substantially at) the Fund’s discretion. The Fund’s commitment to fund delayed draw loans will generally be triggered upon the satisfaction of certain pre-negotiated terms and conditions. Generally, the most significant and uncertain term requires the borrower to satisfy a specific use of proceeds covenant. The use of proceeds covenant typically requires the borrower to use the additional loans for the specific purpose of a permitted acquisition or permitted investment, for example. In addition to the use of proceeds covenant, the borrower is generally required to satisfy additional negotiated covenants (including specified leverage levels). To the extent we enter into unfunded commitment agreements, we expect to have a reasonable belief, at the time of entering into any such agreement, that we will have sufficient cash and cash equivalents to meet our obligations with respect to all of our unfunded commitment agreements, in each case as they become due. To the extent we cannot meet this requirement, we will be required to treat unfunded commitments as derivatives transactions (and, in turn, leverage), which may limit our ability to use derivatives and increase our leverage.

 

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

 

Other than contractual commitments and other legal contingencies incurred in the normal course of our business, we do not expect to have any off-balance sheet financings or liabilities.

 

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

 

We are subject to financial market risks, including changes in interest rates and the valuations of our investment portfolio. Uncertainty with respect to the economic effects of rising interest rates in response to inflation, the war in Ukraine and Russia and health epidemics and pandemics introduced significant volatility in the financial markets, and the effects of this volatility has materially impacted and could continue to materially impact our market risks. For additional information concerning the COVID-19 pandemic and its potential impact on our business and our operating results, see “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business and Structure—The Covid-19 pandemic has caused severe disruptions in the global economy, including supply chain disruptions, which may have a negative impact on our portfolio companies and our business and operations.”

 

Investment Valuation Risk

 

Because there is not a readily available market value for most of the investments in our portfolio, substantially all of our portfolio investments are valued at fair value as determined in good faith by our investment adviser, as the valuation designee, subject to the oversight of our Board of Trustees based on, among other things, the input of the independent third-party valuation firms that have been engaged to support the valuation of each portfolio investment without a readily available market quotation at least once during a trailing 12-month period (with certain de minimis exceptions). Due to the inherent uncertainty of determining the fair value of investments that do not have a readily available market value, the fair value of our investments may fluctuate from period to period. Additionally, the fair value of our investments may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had a ready market existed for such investments and may differ materially from the values that we may ultimately realize. Further, such investments are generally subject to legal and other restrictions on resale or otherwise are less liquid than publicly traded securities. If we were required to liquidate a portfolio investment in a forced or liquidation sale, we could realize significantly less than the value at which we have recorded it. In addition, changes in the market environment and other events that may occur over the life of the investments may cause the gains or losses ultimately realized on these investments to be different than the unrealized gains or losses reflected in the valuations currently assigned. See “Determination of Net Asset Value.”

 

Interest Rate Risk

 

Because we will fund a portion of our investments with borrowings, our net investment income will be affected by the difference between the rate at which we invest and the rate at which we borrow. As a result, there can be no assurance that a significant change in market interest rates will not have a material adverse effect on our net investment income. See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business and Structure—We are exposed to risks associated with changes in interest rates, including the current rising interest rate environment.” We will regularly measure our exposure to interest rate risk. We will assess interest rate risk and manage our interest rate exposure on an ongoing basis by comparing our interest rate sensitive assets to our interest rate sensitive liabilities. Based on that review, we will determine whether or not any hedging transactions, such as futures, options, currency options, forward contracts, and interest rate swaps, caps, collars and floors, are necessary to mitigate exposure to changes in interest rates.

 

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INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE AND STRATEGIES

 

We were formed on March 15, 2022, as a Delaware statutory trust to invest primarily in first lien senior secured loans, second lien senior secured loans, subordinated secured and unsecured loans, subordinated debt, which in some cases includes equity and/or preferred components, and other types of credit instruments which may include commercial real estate mezzanine loans, real estate mortgages, distressed investments, securitized products, notes, bills, debentures, bank loans, convertible and preferred securities, infrastructure debt and government and municipal obligations, made to or issued by U.S. middle-market companies, which we generally define as companies with annual EBITDA between $10 million and $250 million. We expect that a majority of our investments will be in directly originated loans. For cash management and other purposes, we also intend to invest in broadly syndicated loans and other more liquid credit investments, including in publicly traded debt instruments and other instruments that are not directly originated.

 

We have filed an election to be regulated as a BDC under the Investment Company Act. We also intend to elect to be treated as soon as reasonably practical, and intend to qualify annually thereafter, as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code. As a BDC and a RIC, we will be required to comply with certain regulatory requirements.

 

Our investment objective is to generate current income and, to a lesser extent, long-term capital appreciation. We seek to meet our investment objective by:

 

employing a longstanding investment approach focused on long-term credit performance and downside protection, generally investing in loans with asset coverage ratios and interest coverage ratios that our investment adviser believes provide substantial credit protection, and also seeking favorable financial protections, including, where our investment adviser believes necessary, one or more financial maintenance covenants;

 

focusing on liquid and illiquid credit of U.S. companies, and to a lesser extent non-U.S. companies;

 

maintaining rigorous portfolio monitoring to anticipate and pre-empt negative credit events in the portfolio

 

Our investment strategy is expected to capitalize on the Ares Credit Group’s scale and reputation in the market as an attractive solution provider to meet our investment objective. We also expect to benefit from Ares’ reputation and ability to transact in scale with speed and certainty, and its long-standing and extensive relationships with financial sponsors that require financing for their transactions.

 

Most of our investments will be in private U.S. companies (we generally have to invest at least 70% of our total assets in “qualifying assets,” including privately offered loans, equity and debt securities issued by private U.S. companies or certain public companies), but, we also expect to invest to some extent in non-U.S. companies. We do not expect to invest in emerging markets. While the majority of our assets will consist of instruments that generally cannot be readily liquidated without impacting our ability to realize their full value upon disposition, for cash management and other purposes and in order to provide liquidity for share repurchases, we currently anticipate maintaining a smaller allocation to broadly syndicated loans and other more liquid credit investments. We expect that the instruments underlying our liquid credit investments will primarily be the same as the instruments underlying our directly originated loans (including loans, notes, bonds and other corporate debt securities). We believe that our liquid credit investments will help maintain liquidity to satisfy any share repurchases we choose to make in our sole discretion and manage cash before investing subscription proceeds into directly originated loans while also seeking attractive investment returns. We expect these investments to enhance our risk/return profile and serve as a source of liquidity for the Fund.

 

We intend to primarily invest in illiquid and restricted securities, and while most of our investments are expected to be in private U.S. companies (we generally have to invest at least 70% of our total assets in “qualifying assets,” including private U.S. companies), we may also invest from time to time in non-U.S. companies. Our portfolio may also include equity securities such as common stock, preferred stock, warrants or options, which may be obtained as part of providing a broader financing solution. We may also invest in foreign instruments. Under normal circumstances, we will invest directly or indirectly at least 80% of our total assets (net assets plus borrowings for investment purposes) in debt investments of varying maturities.

 

The instruments we invest in are typically unrated or rated below investment grade, which is often an indication of size, credit worthiness and speculative nature relative to the capacity of the borrower to pay interest and principal. Generally, we believe that if our unrated investments were rated, they would be rated below investment grade. Bonds that are rated below investment grade are sometimes referred to as “high yield bonds” or “junk bonds.” These unrated or rated below investment grade investments have predominantly speculative characteristics with respect to the issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal. They may also be difficult to value and are illiquid.

 

We may, but are not required to, enter into interest rate, foreign exchange or other derivative agreements to hedge interest rate, currency, credit or other risks, but we do not generally intend to enter into any such derivative agreements for speculative purposes. Any derivative agreements entered into for speculative purposes are not expected to be material to the Fund’s business or results of operations. These hedging activities, which will be in compliance with applicable legal and regulatory requirements, may include the use of futures, options, currency options, forward contracts, and interest rate swaps, caps, collars and floors. We will bear the costs incurred in connection with entering into, administering and settling any such derivative contracts. There can be no assurance any hedging strategy we employ will be successful.

 

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We intend to borrow funds, including under our Credit Facility, to make additional investments. We will use this practice, which is known as “leverage,” to attempt to increase returns to our common shareholders, but it involves significant risks. A BDC generally will be permitted, under specified conditions, to issue multiple classes of indebtedness and one class of stock senior to its common stock if its asset coverage, as defined in the Investment Company Act, would at least be equal to 200% immediately after each such issuance. Additionally, certain provisions of the Investment Company Act allow a BDC to increase the maximum amount of leverage it may incur by reducing the asset coverage ratio of 200% to an asset coverage ratio of 150% if certain requirements are met. The reduced asset coverage requirement permits a BDC to borrow up to two dollars for every dollar it has in assets less all liabilities and indebtedness not represented by senior securities issued by it. We may also use leverage in the form of the issuance of preferred shares, but do not currently intend to. An affiliate of our investment adviser, as our sole initial shareholder, has approved a proposal that allows us to reduce our asset coverage ratio to 150%. The amount of leverage that we employ at any particular time will depend on our investment adviser’s and our Board of Trustees’ assessments of market and other factors at the time of any proposed borrowing, and we expect such borrowings to primarily be in the form of loans from banks or our issuance of senior securities to, banks, insurance companies, funds, institutional investors and other lenders and investors. See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business and Structure—We will borrow money, which magnifies the potential for gain or loss on amounts invested and may increase the risk of investing with us” and “Regulation— Indebtedness and Senior Securities.”

 

We currently intend to pay regular monthly distributions commencing with the first full calendar quarter after we hold the first closing in the offering of Common Shares pursuant to this Registration Statement. However, any distributions we make will be at the sole discretion of our Board of Trustees, who will consider factors such as our earnings, cash flow, capital needs and general financial condition and the requirements of Delaware law. As a result, our distribution rates and payment frequency may vary from time to time.

 

Our investments are subject to a number of risks. See “Risk Factors.”

 

Our Investment Adviser and Our Administrator

 

The Fund’s investment activities are managed by Ares Capital Management, an investment adviser registered with the SEC under the Advisers Act. Our investment adviser is responsible for originating prospective investments, conducting research and due diligence investigations on potential investments, analyzing investment opportunities, negotiating and structuring our investments and monitoring our investments and portfolio companies on an ongoing basis. Our administrator, Ares Operations, a subsidiary of Ares Management, provides certain administrative and other services necessary for us to operate.

 

Ares is a publicly traded, leading global alternative investment manager with approximately $341 billion of assets under management3. Since its inception in 1997, Ares has adhered to a disciplined investment philosophy that focuses on delivering strong risk-adjusted investment returns throughout market cycles. Ares believes each of its distinct but complementary investment groups in credit, private equity, real assets, secondaries and strategic initiatives is a market leader based on assets under management and investment performance. Ares was built upon the fundamental principle that each group benefits from being part of the greater whole. We believe that each of Ares’ investment groups employs a disciplined, credit-oriented investment philosophy and is managed by a seasoned leadership team of senior professionals with extensive experience investing in, advising, underwriting and restructuring companies or real estate properties.

 

The Ares Credit Group is a leading manager of liquid and illiquid credit strategies across the non-investment grade credit universe, with approximately $204.5 billion of assets under management3 as of September 30, 2022. Ares is one of the largest self-originating direct lenders to the U.S. and European middle markets, providing one-stop financing solutions for small-to-medium sized companies, which we believe are increasingly underserved by traditional lenders.

 

Our objective is to bring the Ares Credit Group’s leading credit investment platform to the non-exchange traded BDC industry.

 

 

3 As of September 30, 2022, assets under management includes approximately $12.5 billion managed by IHAM.

 

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Market Opportunity

 

We believe that current and future market conditions will present attractive opportunities for us to invest in liquid and illiquid credit. We believe below investment grade fixed income universe is inherently less efficient and less well serviced than other parts of the capital markets ratings are less predictive of risk, the number of participants is limited, and the companies issuing debt require a more deliberate and focused investment underwriting. As such, we view Ares’ proprietary research, differentiated information gathering and local presence in many markets where Ares originates assets as disproportionate determinants of alpha and attractive risk adjusted returns for our investors.

 

Potential Competitive Strengths

 

We believe that we have the following competitive advantages over other capital providers:

 

The Ares Platform: Ares operates integrated groups across credit, private equity, real assets, secondaries and strategic initiatives. As of September 30, 2022, Ares oversaw a portfolio of investments in over 1,750 companies, over 1,100 alternative credit investments and over 520 properties and over 875 limited partnership interests across approximately 60 industries, which we believe will provide the Fund with access to an extensive network of relationships and insights into industry trends and the state of the capital markets. More specifically to the Fund, our investment adviser will provide the Fund with investment advisory services pursuant to the investment advisory and management agreement. Our investment adviser’s investment advisory business is served by a seasoned team within the Ares Credit Group. The Ares Credit Group is a leading manager of liquid and illiquid credit strategies across the non-investment grade credit universe, with approximately $204.5 billion of assets under management4 as of September 30, 2022. We believe the Fund’s affiliation with the Ares Credit Group will provide a distinct competitive advantage across the credit spectrum through Ares’ market presence, scale and origination capabilities. The Ares Credit Group’s market information, company knowledge and industry insight is expected to benefit our investment adviser as it identifies attractive liquid and illiquid credit investment opportunities for the Fund. The Ares Credit Group’s investment professionals maintain extensive financial sponsor and intermediary relationships, which we believe will provide valuable insight and access to transactions and information for the Fund. The Ares Credit Group’s relationship network includes over 920 global financial sponsor relationships and over 160 global banking institutions, as well as privately held companies, investment advisors, boutique investment banks, law firms, consultants and other parties.

 

Broad Liquid and Illiquid Credit Strategy: The Ares Credit Group employs a broad credit investment strategy based on absolute and relative value considerations across both liquid and illiquid investments. Given the expansive credit strategy, the Ares Credit Group generally seeks to invest in multiple industries and geographies across the fixed income market, primarily in below investment grade instruments, including below investment grade bonds which are sometimes referred to as “high yield bonds” or “junk bonds.” For liquid credit investments, the Ares Credit Group screens for attractive opportunities in the primary and secondary investment universe of approximately 1,400 bank loan and approximately 1,000 high yield issuers. Due to the scale of the Ares Credit Group and its relationships with underwriters, we believe it sees substantially all new issues in the broadly syndicated loan and high yield bond markets that meet our size criteria. As such, the Ares Credit Group’s investment team members have familiarity with the universe of issuers which we believe will facilitate both primary and secondary idea generation. For illiquid credit investments, the Ares Credit Group focuses on self-originating investments by pursuing a broad array of opportunities across multiple channels. We believe the Ares Credit Group’s sourcing advantages will allow for enhanced asset selectivity as we believe there is a significant relationship between proprietary deal origination and credit performance.

 

Scale in the Credit Markets: Given the Ares Credit Group is a significant counterparty to investment banks and financial sponsors across a diverse set of credit strategies, we believe it gains differentiated access to primary and secondary investment opportunities. The Ares Credit Group is also one of the largest U.S. direct lenders and liquid credit managers, which makes it a desirable and flexible capital provider, especially in competitive markets. We believe the Ares Credit Group’s scale and experience enables it to identify attractive investment opportunities throughout economic cycles and across a company’s capital structure so that we may be able to make investments consistent with our stated investment objective. In addition, the Ares Credit Group has the flexibility to provide “one stop” financing with the ability to invest capital across the balance sheet and syndicate and hold larger investments than many of its competitors. In addition, we believe that the Ares Credit Group’s ability to provide capital at every level of the balance sheet provides a strong value proposition to borrowers, which supports meaningful deal sourcing and relative value analysis capabilities.

 

 

4 As of September 30, 2022, assets under management includes approximately $12.5 billion managed by IHAM.

 

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Fundamental Bottom-Up Research Approach: At its core, Ares is a value-oriented, fundamental, bottom-up, credit-focused investment firm. We believe that the Ares Credit Group’s proprietary research in approximately 60 industries and insights from a broad, global investment portfolio enables it to more effectively diligence and structure its products and investments. The Ares Credit Group employs a rigorous, in-depth, and repeatable research process that is designed to identify attractive risk-adjusted return opportunities within the liquid and illiquid investable universe and minimize defaults. Ares’ disciplined approach is consistent across the Ares platform and is focused on identifying sustainable business franchises with leading and defensible market positions, strong and properly incentivized management teams, solid liquidity and free cash flow generation, appropriate capital structures, and significant asset coverage. The Ares Credit Group’s research is both quantitative and qualitative in nature.

 

Extensive Industry Focus: The Ares Credit Group concentrates its overall investing activities across the credit spectrum in industries with a history of predictable and dependable cash flows and in which its investment professionals have had extensive investment experience. The Ares Credit Group’s investment professionals have developed long-term relationships with management teams and consultants in approximately 60 industries, and have accumulated substantial information and identified potential trends within these industries. In turn, we benefit from these relationships, information and identification of potential trends in making investments.

 

Seasoned and Integrated Investment Team: The investment professionals in the Ares Credit Group have significant experience investing across market cycles. We believe this experience will provide us with a competitive advantage in identifying, originating, investing in and managing a portfolio of credit investments. Within the Ares Credit Group, there are over 355 dedicated investment professionals, including approximately 60 partners with an average of 25 years of experience. Additionally, the Ares Credit Group’s investment professionals operate on an integrated basis through the effective application of the principle of collaboration, which takes place on an ongoing basis, but is formally promoted through sophisticated internal systems and widely attended weekly or monthly meetings.

 

The Board of Trustees

 

Overall responsibility for the Fund’s oversight rests with the Board of Trustees. We have entered into our investment advisory and management agreement with our investment adviser, pursuant to which our investment adviser will manage the Fund on a day-to-day basis. The Board of Trustees is responsible for overseeing our investment adviser and other service providers in our operations in accordance with the provisions of the Investment Company Act, the Fund’s bylaws and applicable provisions of state and other laws. Our investment adviser keeps the Board of Trustees well informed as to our investment adviser’s activities on our behalf and our investment operations and provide the Board of Trustees information with additional information as the Board of Trustees may, from time to time, request. The Board of Trustees is currently composed of 7 members, 4 of whom are Trustees who are not “interested persons” of the Fund or our investment adviser as defined in the Investment Company Act.

 

Investment Selection

 

Ares’ investment philosophy was developed over 25 years ago and has remained consistent and relevant throughout a number of economic cycles. We are managed using a similar investment philosophy used by the investment professionals of Ares in respect of its other investment funds.

 

This investment philosophy involves, among other things:

 

an assessment of the overall macroeconomic environment and financial markets and how such assessment may impact industry and asset selection;

 

company-specific research and analysis; and

 

with respect to each individual company, an emphasis on capital preservation, low volatility and minimization of downside risk.

 

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The foundation of Ares’ investment philosophy is intensive credit investment analysis, a portfolio management discipline based on both market technicals and fundamental value-oriented research, and diversification strategy. Ares also recognizes the importance of considering ESG factors in the investment-decision making process in accordance with its Responsible Investment Program. We follow a rigorous investment process based on:

 

a comprehensive analysis of issuer creditworthiness, including a quantitative and qualitative assessment of the issuer’s business;

 

an evaluation of a company’s market position, brand awareness, operational excellence, barriers to entry and management team; and

 

an in-depth examination of capital structure, financial results and projections.

 

We seek to identify those companies exhibiting superior fundamental risk-reward profiles and strong defensible business franchises while focusing on the relative value of the investment across the industry as well as for the specific company.

 

Investment Process Overview

 

Sourcing Investment Opportunities

 

The Ares Credit Group’s investment strategy is to focus on generating the widest universe of deal flow and to apply a consistent and rigorous approach to investment due diligence in order to select what it considers to be the most appealing opportunities.

 

For illiquid credit, the Ares Credit Group employs a multi-channel approach to direct origination, which includes relationships with financial sponsors, management teams, lawyers, accountants, intermediaries and M&A advisors. The Ares Credit Group typically reviews over 1,400 distinct U.S. direct lending transaction opportunities annually, with a closing ratio of approximately 3-5%.

 

For liquid credit, the Ares Credit Group screens for attractive opportunities in the primary and secondary investment universe of approximately 1,400 bank loan and approximately 1,000 high yield issuers. Due to the scale and relationships of the Ares Credit Group, it sees substantially all new issues in the bank loan and high yield bond markets. As such, the investment team members have familiarity with the universe of issuers which facilitates both primary and secondary idea generation.

 

The Investment Process

 

Our portfolio is managed by Mitch Goldstein and Michael Smith. Messrs. Goldstein and Smith are Co-Heads of the Ares Credit Group. In managing the portfolio, Messrs. Goldstein and Smith serve on investment adviser’s Investment Committee, which is comprised of portfolio managers and investment professionals from a number of our underlying credit disciplines. See “Portfolio Management - “Our Investment Adviser - Investment Committee”.

 

Investment Committee meetings cover a variety of topics. The forum is intended to facilitate a congress of expert opinions from across the credit spectrum. Members discuss macroeconomic trends, U.S. and global growth (or contraction), labor market trends, inflation trends, fiscal and monetary policy trends, asset valuations, liquidity conditions and investor sentiment. Each is addressed with respect to its potential effect on lending conditions and credit spreads across underlying asset classes. Unanimous consent is encouraged but not required. However, the agenda tends to facilitate development of broad “house views” as to macroeconomic forecasts. Specific focus is given to the subject of valuation, and whether each credit asset class is priced attractively relative to its fundamental (absolute) risk and also by comparison to other credit assets. Healthy disagreement on this topic is encouraged, and particular consideration is given to the spreads at which most recent loans or bonds have been underwritten by the investment teams of each asset class. The end objective is to determine which asset classes provide the most attractive risk-adjusted returns.

 

The process culminates as Messrs. Goldstein and Smith determine portfolio positioning and will decide how much of our portfolio is invested in each credit asset class. The composition and construction of each underlying asset category is then determined by the portfolio managers specific to that asset category. To the extent possible, such portfolio managers are the same as would be employed in managing a standalone fund within that underlying asset class and the pool of investment ideas from which the underlying asset category is populated would similarly be the same. All investments are either sourced from third parties or by Ares directly, but we expect a significant portion of our investments to be directly originated by the Ares investment teams. While each underlying investment team employs its own distinct investment process tailored to that asset class, all portfolio investments undergo intensive screening, due diligence, and credit analyses focused on principal preservation and long-term value creation in market leading businesses. This ensures the integrity of the process down to the selection of specific companies and credits and is intended to maximize “best ideas” capture across the platform. As the allocation between various asset classes change, underlying portfolio managers are directed to monetize assets or increase their investments to raise liquidity or deploy additional investment capital.

 

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Investments

 

Directly Originated Investments

 

For our directly originated investments, we intend to primarily invest in portfolio companies in the form of first lien senior secured loans (including “unitranche” loans which are loans that combine both senior and subordinated debt, generally in a first lien position), second lien senior secured loans, subordinated secured and unsecured loans and subordinated debt, which in some cases includes an equity component and preferred equity, real estate mezzanine loans, real estate mortgages and infrastructure debt. The first and second lien senior secured loans generally have terms of three to 10 years. In connection with our first and second lien senior secured loans, we generally receive security interests in certain assets of our portfolio companies that could serve as collateral in support of the repayment of such loans. First and second lien senior secured loans generally have floating interest rates, which may have interest rate floors, and also may provide for some amortization of principal and excess cash flow payments, with the remaining principal balance due at maturity.

 

We structure our subordinated debt investments primarily as unsecured subordinated loans that provide for relatively higher fixed interest rates. The subordinated debt investments generally have terms of up to 10 years. These loans typically have interest-only payments, with amortization of principal, if any, deferred to the later years of the subordinated debt investment. In some cases, we may enter into loans that, by their terms, convert into equity or additional debt or defer payments of interest (or at least cash interest) for the first few years after our investment. Also, in some cases our subordinated debt will be secured by a subordinated lien on some or all of the assets of the borrower.

 

In some cases, our debt and preferred equity investments may provide for a portion of the interest or dividends payable to be PIK. To the extent interest or dividends are PIK, they will be payable through the increase of the principal amount of the loan or preferred equity by the amount of interest or dividend due on the then-outstanding aggregate principal amount of such loan or preferred equity and is generally collected upon repayment of the outstanding principal or redemption of the equity, as applicable.

 

In the case of our first and second lien senior secured loans, subordinated debt and preferred equity investments, we tailor the terms of the investment to the facts and circumstances of the transaction and the prospective portfolio company, negotiating a structure that aims to protect our rights and manage our risk while creating incentives for the portfolio company to achieve its business plan and improve its profitability. For example, in addition to generally seeking a senior position in the capital structure of our portfolio companies, we seek, where appropriate, to limit the downside potential of our investments by:

 

targeting a total return on our investments (including from both interest and potential equity appreciation) that compensates us for credit risk;

 

incorporating call protection and interest rate floors for floating rate loans, into the investment structure; and

 

negotiating covenants in connection with our investments that afford our portfolio companies as much flexibility in managing their businesses as possible, consistent with preservation of our capital. Such restrictions may include affirmative and negative covenants, default penalties, lien protection, change of control provisions and board rights, including either observation or participation rights.

 

We generally require financial covenants and terms that require an issuer to reduce leverage, thereby enhancing credit quality. These methods include: (a) maintenance leverage covenants requiring a decreasing ratio of indebtedness to cash flow over time, (b) maintenance cash flow covenants requiring an increasing ratio of cash flow to the sum of interest expense and capital expenditures and (c) indebtedness incurrence prohibitions, limiting a company’s ability to take on additional indebtedness. In addition, by including limitations on asset sales and capital expenditures we may be able to prevent a borrower from changing the nature of its business or capitalization without our consent.

 

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Our subordinated debt investments may include equity features, such as warrants or options to buy a minority interest in the portfolio company. Warrants we receive with our debt investments may require only a nominal cost to exercise, and thus, as a portfolio company appreciates in value, we may achieve additional investment return from this equity interest. We may structure the warrants to provide provisions protecting our rights as a minority-interest holder, as well as puts, or rights to sell such securities back to the portfolio company, upon the occurrence of specified events. In many cases, we also obtain registration rights in connection with these equity interests, which may include demand and “piggyback” registration rights.

 

We believe that our focus on generating proprietary deal flow and lead investing gives us greater control over the capital structures and investment terms described above and enables us to actively manage our investments. Moreover, by leading the investment process, we are often able to secure controlling positions in loan tranches, thereby providing additional control in investment outcomes.

 

Non-Originated Investments

 

For our non-originated loans, we intend to primarily invest in broadly syndicated loans, corporate bonds and structured credit instruments, including CLOs. Broadly syndicated loans may be senior secured corporate loans generally benefit from liens on collateral, are rated below-investment grade and typically pay interest at rates that are determined periodically on the basis of a floating base lending rate, primarily the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”), plus a spread. Broadly syndicated loans are typically made to U.S. and, to a lesser extent, non-U.S. corporations, partnerships, limited liability companies and other business entities (together with issuers of corporate bonds and other debt securities, “Borrowers”) which operate in various industries and geographical regions. Borrowers may obtain broadly syndicated loans, among other reasons, to refinance existing debt, engage in acquisitions, pay dividends, recapitalize, complete leveraged buyouts and for general corporate purposes. Broadly syndicated loans rated below investment grade are sometimes referred to as “leveraged loans.” We may invest in broadly syndicated loans through assignments of or, to a lesser extent, participations in broadly syndicated loans. We may also utilize various types of derivative instruments for the purpose of gaining additional exposure to broadly syndicated loans.

 

Corporate Bonds

 

An issuer of high-yield corporate bonds typically pays the investor a fixed rate of interest and must repay the amount borrowed on or before maturity. The investment return of high yield corporate bonds reflects interest on the security and changes in the market value of the security. The market value of a high yield corporate bond generally may be expected to rise and fall inversely with interest rates. The value of intermediate- and longer-term high yield corporate bonds normally fluctuates more in response to changes in interest rates than does the value of shorter-term high yield corporate bonds. The market value of a high yield corporate bond also may be affected by investors’ perceptions of the creditworthiness of the issuer, the issuer’s performance and perceptions of the issuer in the marketplace. There is a risk that the issuers of high yield corporate bonds may not be able to meet their obligations on interest or principal payments at the time called for by an instrument. We may also utilize various types of derivative instruments, including swaps, for the purpose of gaining additional exposure to high yield corporate bonds.

 

Structured Credit

 

We may also invest in asset-backed opportunities across broad sectors such as consumer and commercial specialty finance and corporate credit. We will target investment opportunities that may include (i) debt and equity investments in U.S.-dollar-denominated CLOs that are primarily backed by corporate leveraged loans issued to primarily U.S. obligors, as well as Euro-denominated CLOs that are backed primarily by corporate leveraged loans issued to primarily European obligors; (ii) financings secured by pools of consumer loans, commercial loans or real estate assets; and (iii) the outright purchase of pools of consumer loans, commercial loans or real estate assets. The investments in the “equity” of structured credit products (including CLOs) refers to the junior-most or residual debt tranche of such structured credit products (i.e., the tranche whose rights to payment are not senior to any other tranche, which does not typically receive a credit rating and is typically not secured (and is also typically referred to as subordinated notes, income notes, preferred shares or preferred securities, or, more generally, as “equity”)). The CLO equity tranches (or other similar junior tranches) and privately issued asset-backed securities in which we may invest may be highly leveraged, which magnifies the our risk of loss on such investments.

 

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Investments in Stressed Issuers

 

We may invest in certain debt and other obligations of Stressed Issuers. We define Stressed Issuers as companies that are in some level of financial or business distress, including companies involved in, or that have recently completed, bankruptcy or other restructuring, reorganization and liquidation proceedings. Stressed Issuers can also include companies that were not stressed at the time of investment but became stressed after our investment. These investments may involve:

 

(i)corporate debt instruments relating to stressed and distressed industries or issuers;

 

(ii)rescue-capital opportunities; and

 

(iii)public and private stock issued in connection with restructurings and reorganizations or otherwise (“post-reorganization securities”).

 

Acquisition Opportunities

 

We believe that there may be opportunity for further consolidation in our industry. From time to time, we evaluate potential strategic opportunities, including acquisitions of:

 

• asset portfolios;

• other private and public finance companies, BDCs and asset managers; and

• selected secondary market assets.

 

From time to time, we may engage in discussions with counterparties in respect of various potential strategic acquisition and investment transactions, including potential acquisitions of other finance companies, BDCs and asset managers. Some of these transactions could be material to our business and, if completed, could be difficult to integrate, result in increased leverage or dilution and/or subject us to unexpected liabilities. However, none of these discussions has progressed to the point at which the completion of any such transaction could be deemed to be probable or reasonably certain as of the date of this Registration Statement. Completion of any such transaction would be subject to completion of due diligence, finalization of key business and financial terms (including price) and negotiation of final definitive documentation as well as a number of other factors and conditions including, without limitation, the approval of our Board of Trustees, any required third party consents and, in certain cases, the approval of our shareholders. We cannot predict how quickly the terms of any such transaction could be finalized, if at all. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that such transaction would be completed. In connection with evaluating potential strategic acquisition and investment transactions, we may incur significant expenses for the evaluation and due diligence investigation of these potential transactions.

 

On-Going Relationships with and Monitoring of Portfolio Companies

 

The Ares Credit Group closely monitors each liquid and illiquid investment. Real-time monitoring of individual credits or collateral, as applicable, and portfolio metrics are critical to our ongoing portfolio optimization and risk management goals.

 

For illiquid investments, in addition to covenants and other contractual rights and through board participation, when appropriate, the Ares Credit Group seeks to enhance portfolio company performance post-investment by actively working with management on strategic and operating initiatives where there is an opportunity to do so. The Ares Credit Group may introduce managers of companies in which we have invested to other portfolio companies to capitalize on complementary business activities and best practices.

 

The focus on generating proprietary deal flow gives the Ares Credit Group greater control over capital structure and investment terms and lead investing enhances our ability to closely monitor each investment we make.

 

The Ares Credit Group employs an investment rating system to categorize its illiquid investments. In addition to various risk management and monitoring tools, our investment adviser grades the credit risk of all investments on a scale of 1 to 4 no less frequently than quarterly. This system is intended primarily to reflect the underlying risk of a portfolio investment relative to our initial cost basis in respect of such portfolio investment (i.e., at the time of origination or acquisition), although it may also take into account under certain circumstances the performance of the portfolio company’s business, the collateral coverage of the investment and other relevant factors. Under this system, investments with a grade of 4 involve the least amount of risk to our initial cost basis. The trends and risk factors for this investment since origination or acquisition are generally favorable, which may include the performance of the portfolio company or a potential exit. Investments graded 3 involve a level of risk to our initial cost basis that is similar to the risk to our initial cost basis at the time of origination or acquisition. This portfolio company is generally performing as expected and the risk factors to our ability to ultimately recoup the cost of our investment are neutral to favorable. All investments or acquired investments in new portfolio companies are initially assessed a grade of 3. Investments graded 2 indicate that the risk to our ability to recoup the initial cost basis of such investment has increased materially since origination or acquisition, including as a result of factors such as declining performance and non-compliance with debt covenants; however, payments are generally not more than 120 days past due. An investment grade of 1 indicates that the risk to our ability to recoup the initial cost basis of such investment has substantially increased since origination or acquisition, and the portfolio company likely has materially declining performance. For debt investments with an investment grade of 1, most or all of the debt covenants are out of compliance and payments are substantially delinquent. For investments graded 1, it is anticipated that we will not recoup our initial cost basis and may realize a substantial loss of our initial cost basis upon exit. For investments graded 1 or 2, our investment adviser enhances its level of scrutiny over the monitoring of such portfolio company. The grade of a portfolio investment may be reduced or increased over time.

 

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For liquid investments, each position is actively monitored by the liquid credit research team members responsible for coverage of a particular company or investment. The research team tracks credit and industry specific developments, as well as price movements, for shifts in relative value that may trigger a buy or sell recommendation. Ongoing monitoring and due diligence includes, but is not limited to, interaction with management, review of company and comparable financial results, company visits, participation in industry and sell-side research conferences, conversations with ratings agencies, industry experts and real-time analysis of price movements in the credit and equity markets. Investment team members may also engage in discussions with proprietary contacts in their own networks or sourced via Ares-platform relationships. Notable credit developments and/or price movements are discussed real-time with portfolio management and the trading desk and may be discussed at relevant Investment Committee meetings.

 

Managerial Assistance

 

As a BDC, we must offer, and must provide upon request, significant managerial assistance to certain of our portfolio companies. This assistance could involve, among other things, monitoring the operations of our portfolio companies, participating in board and management meetings, consulting with and advising officers of portfolio companies and providing other organizational and financial guidance. Our administrator may provide all or a portion of this assistance pursuant to our administration agreement, the costs of which will be reimbursed by us. We may receive fees for these services.

 

Exit

 

In addition to payments of principal and interest, we expect the primary methods for the strategy to realize returns on its investments include refinancings, sales of portfolio companies, and in some cases initial public offerings and secondary offerings. While many debt securities in which we will invest have stated maturities up to ten years, virtually all are redeemed or sold prior to maturity. These securities often have call protection that requires an issuer to pay a premium if it redeems in the early years of an investment. However, there is no assurance that our investments will achieve realization events as a result of refinancings, sales of portfolio companies or public offerings and these realization events will become more unlikely when conditions in the loan and capital markets have deteriorated.

 

Ares’ team of investment professionals regularly review investments and related market conditions in order to determine if an opportunity exists to realize returns on a particular investment. We believe the ability to utilize the entire resources of Ares, including the public market traders and research analysts, allows our investment adviser to gain access to current market information where the opportunity may exist to sell positions into the market at attractive prices.

 

Allocation of Investment Opportunities

 

General

 

Ares, including our investment adviser and its affiliates, provides or may provide investment management services to other BDCs, registered investment companies, investment funds, client accounts and proprietary accounts that Ares may establish.

 

Ares, including our investment adviser and its affiliates, has adopted an investment allocation policy designed to ensure that all investment opportunities are, to the extent practicable and in accordance with the Advisers Act, allocated among its clients on a basis that over a period of time is fair and equitable to each client relative to other clients as well as a co-investment policy designed to ensure fair allocation of co-investment opportunities amongst its clients. Subject to the Advisers Act and as further set forth in this prospectus, certain other clients may receive certain priority or other allocation rights with respect to certain investments, subject to various conditions set forth in such other clients’ respective governing agreements.

 

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In addition, as a BDC regulated under the Investment Company Act, the Fund is subject to certain limitations relating to co-investments and joint transactions with affiliates, which likely in certain circumstances may limit the Fund’s ability to make investments or enter into other transactions alongside other clients.

 

Co-Investment Relief

 

We, our investment adviser and certain of our affiliates have received the Co-Investment Exemptive Order from the SEC that permits us and other BDCs and registered closed-end management investment companies managed by Ares to co-invest in portfolio companies with each other and with affiliated investment funds. Co-investments made under the Co-Investment Exemptive Order are subject to compliance with certain conditions and other requirements, which could limit our ability to participate in a co-investment transaction. We may also otherwise co-invest with funds managed by Ares or any of its downstream affiliates, subject to compliance with existing regulatory guidance, applicable regulations and our investment adviser’s allocation policy. There can be no guarantee that the Co-Investment Exemptive Order will be further extended.

 

Competition

 

Our primary competitors include public and private funds, commercial and investment banks, commercial finance companies, other BDCs and private equity funds, each of which we compete with for financing opportunities. Some of our competitors are substantially larger and have considerably greater financial and marketing resources than we do. For example, some competitors may have access to funding sources that are not available to us. In addition, some of our competitors may have higher risk tolerances or different risk assessments, which could allow them to consider more investments and establish more relationships than we do. Furthermore, many of our competitors are not subject to the regulatory restrictions that the Investment Company Act imposes on us as a BDC. In addition, new competitors frequently enter the financing markets in which we operate. For more information concerning the competitive risks we face, see “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business and Structure—We operate in a highly competitive market for investment opportunities.”

 

We believe that the relationships of the members of our investment adviser’s Investment Committee and of the partners of Ares will enable us to learn about, and compete effectively for, financing opportunities with attractive middle-market companies in the industries in which we seek to invest. We believe that Ares’ professionals’ deep and long-standing direct sponsor relationships and the resulting proprietary transaction opportunities that these relationships often present, will provide valuable insight and access to transactions and information. We use the industry information of Ares’ investment professionals to which we have access to assess investment risks and determine appropriate pricing for our investments in portfolio companies.

 

Non-Exchange Traded, Perpetual-Life BDC

 

The Fund is a non-exchange traded BDC, meaning its shares are not listed for trading on a stock exchange or other securities market, and a perpetual-life BDC, meaning it is an investment vehicle of indefinite duration that does not intend to complete a liquidity event within any specific time period, if at all, and whose common shares are intended to be sold by the BDC monthly on a continuous basis at a price generally equal to the BDC’s monthly NAV per share. In our perpetual-life structure, at the discretion of our Board of Trustees, we intend to commence a share repurchase program in which we intend to offer to repurchase up to 5% of our Common Shares outstanding (either by number of shares or aggregate NAV) in each quarter. However, the determination to repurchase shares in any particular quarter is solely at the Board of Trustees’ discretion and we are not obligated to offer to repurchase shares in any particular quarter or at all. We believe that our perpetual nature enables us to execute a patient and opportunistic strategy and be able to invest across different market environments. This may reduce the risk of the Fund being a forced seller of assets in market downturns compared to non-perpetual funds. While we may consider a liquidity event at any time in the future, we currently do not intend to undertake a liquidity event, and we are not obligated by our Declaration of Trust or otherwise to effect a liquidity event at any time.

 

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Emerging Growth Company

 

We are an “emerging growth company,” as defined by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, or the “JOBS Act.” As an emerging growth company, we are eligible to take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting and disclosure requirements that are applicable to public companies that are not emerging growth companies. For so long as we remain an emerging growth company, we will not be required to have an auditor attestation report on our internal control over financial reporting pursuant to Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.

 

In addition, the JOBS Act provides that an emerging growth company may take advantage of an extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards that have different effective dates for public and private companies. This means that an emerging growth company can delay adopting certain accounting standards until such standards are otherwise applicable to private companies.

 

We will remain an emerging growth company for up to five years, or until the earliest of: (1) the last date of the fiscal year during which we had total annual gross revenues of $1.235 billion or more; (2) the date on which we have, during the previous three-year period, issued more than $1 billion in non-convertible debt; or (3) the date on which we are deemed to be a “large accelerated filer” as defined under Rule 12b-2 under the Exchange Act.

 

We do not believe that being an emerging growth company will have a significant impact on our business or this offering. As stated above, we have elected to opt in to the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards available to emerging growth companies. Also, because we are not a large accelerated filer or an accelerated filer under Section 12b-2 of the Exchange Act, and will not be for so long as our Common Shares are not traded on a securities exchange, we will not be subject to auditor attestation requirements of Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act even once we are no longer an emerging growth company. In addition, so long as we are externally managed by our investment adviser and we do not directly compensate our executive officers, or reimburse our investment adviser or its affiliates for the salaries, bonuses, benefits and severance payments for persons who also serve as one of our executive officers or as an executive officer of our investment adviser, we do not expect to include disclosures relating to executive compensation in our periodic reports or proxy statements and, as a result, do not expect to be required to seek shareholder approval of executive compensation and golden parachute compensation arrangements pursuant to Section 14A(a) and (b) of the Exchange Act.

 

Staffing

 

We do not currently have any employees and do not expect to have any employees. Services necessary for our business are provided by individuals who are employees or affiliates of our investment adviser, Ares Capital Management, and our administrator, Ares Operations, each of which is a subsidiary of Ares Management, pursuant to the terms of our investment advisory and management agreement and our administration agreement, respectively, each as described below. Each of our executive officers is an employee or affiliate of our investment adviser or our administrator. We reimburse both our investment adviser and our administrator for a certain portion of expenses incurred in connection with such staffing, as described in more detail below. Because we have no employees, we do not have a formal employee relations policy.

 

Regulation as a BDC

 

We have elected to be regulated as a BDC under the Investment Company Act and intend to elect to be treated as a RIC under the Code. As with other companies regulated by the Investment Company Act, a BDC must adhere to certain substantive regulatory requirements. The Investment Company Act contains prohibitions and restrictions relating to certain transactions between BDCs and certain affiliates (including any investment advisers or sub-advisers), principal underwriters and certain affiliates of those affiliates or underwriters. Among other things, we generally cannot co-invest in any portfolio company in which a fund managed by Ares or any of its downstream affiliates (other than us and our downstream affiliates) is also co-investing. We, our investment adviser and certain of our affiliates have received the Co-Investment Exemptive Order from the SEC that permits us and other BDCs and registered closed-end management investment companies managed by Ares to co-invest in portfolio companies with each other and with affiliated investment funds. Co-investments made under the Co-Investment Exemptive Order are subject to compliance with certain conditions and other requirements, which could limit our ability to participate in a co-investment transaction. We may also otherwise co-invest with funds managed by Ares or any of its downstream affiliates, subject to compliance with existing regulatory guidance, applicable regulations and our investment adviser’s allocation policy.

 

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The Investment Company Act contains certain restrictions on certain types of investments we may make. Specifically, we may only invest up to 30% of our portfolio in entities that are not considered “eligible portfolio companies” (as defined in the Investment Company Act), including companies located outside of the United States, entities that are operating pursuant to certain exceptions under the Investment Company Act, and publicly traded entities whose public equity market capitalization exceeds the levels provided for under the Investment Company Act.

 

The Investment Company Act also requires that a majority of our trustees be persons other than “interested persons,” as that term is defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the Investment Company Act, referred to herein as “independent Trustees.” In addition, the Investment Company Act provides that we may not change the nature of our business so as to cease to be, or to withdraw our election as, a BDC unless that change is approved by holders of at least a majority of our outstanding voting securities. Under the Investment Company Act, the vote of holders of at least a “majority of outstanding voting securities” means the vote of the holders of the lesser of: (a) 67% or more of the outstanding Common Shares present at a meeting or represented by proxy if holders of more than 50% of the Common Shares are present or represented by proxy or (b) more than 50% of the outstanding Common Shares.

 

We may invest up to 100% of our assets in securities acquired directly from issuers in privately negotiated transactions. Our intention is to not write (sell) or buy put or call options to manage risks associated with the publicly traded securities of our portfolio companies. We may enter into hedging transactions to manage the risks associated with interest rate and currency fluctuations. We may purchase or otherwise receive warrants or options to purchase the common stock of our portfolio companies in connection with acquisition financings or other investments. In connection with such an acquisition, we may acquire rights to require the issuers of acquired securities or their affiliates to repurchase them under certain circumstances.

 

We also do not intend to acquire instruments in any investment company that exceed the limits imposed by the Investment Company Act. Under these limits, we generally cannot acquire more than 3% of the voting stock of any investment company (as defined in the Investment Company Act), invest more than 5% of the value of our total assets in the securities of one investment company or invest more than 10% of the value of our total assets in the securities of investment companies in the aggregate unless certain conditions are met. With regard to that portion of our portfolio invested in securities issued by investment companies, it should be noted that such investments might subject our common shareholders to additional expenses.

 

Certain provisions of the Investment Company Act allow a BDC to increase the maximum amount of leverage it may incur by reducing the asset coverage ratio of 200% to an asset coverage ratio of 150% if certain requirements are met. We may borrow amounts or issue debt securities or preferred stock, which we refer to collectively as “senior securities,” such that our asset coverage, as calculated pursuant to the Investment Company Act, equals at least 150% immediately after such borrowing (i.e., we are able to borrow up to two dollars for every dollar we have in assets less all liabilities and indebtedness not represented by senior securities issued by us). Our sole initial shareholder has approved a proposal that allows us to reduce our asset coverage ratio applicable to senior securities from 200% to 150%.

 

Code of Ethics. We and Ares Capital Management have each adopted a code of ethics pursuant to Rule 17j-1 under the Investment Company Act that establishes procedures for personal investments and restricts certain personal securities transactions. Personnel subject to each code may invest in securities for their personal investment accounts, including securities that may be purchased or held by us, so long as such investments are made in accordance with the code’s requirements. Our code of ethics is filed as an exhibit to our registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. For information on how to obtain a copy of the code of ethics, see “Available Information” below.

 

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Affiliated Transactions. We may be prohibited under the Investment Company Act from conducting certain transactions with our affiliates without the prior approval of our Trustees who are not interested persons and, in some cases, the prior approval of the SEC. We, our investment adviser and certain of our affiliates have received the Co-Investment Exemptive Order from the SEC that permits us, among other things, to co-invest with certain other persons, including certain affiliates of our investment adviser and certain funds managed and controlled by our investment adviser and its affiliates, subject to certain terms and conditions. In addition, certain Ares funds may have investment objectives that compete or overlap with, and may from time to time invest in asset classes similar to those targeted by, us. Consequently, we, on the one hand, and these other entities, on the other hand, may from time to time pursue the same or similar capital and investment opportunities. Ares and our investment adviser endeavor to allocate investment opportunities in a fair and equitable manner, and in any event consistent with any fiduciary duties owed to us. Nevertheless, it is possible that we may not be given the opportunity to participate in certain investments made by investment funds managed by investment managers affiliated with Ares (including our investment adviser and its affiliates). In addition, there may be conflicts in the allocation of investments among us and the funds managed by investment managers affiliated with Ares (including our investment adviser and its affiliates) or one or more of our controlled affiliates or among the funds they manage, including investments made pursuant to the Co-Investment Exemptive Order. Further, such other Ares-managed funds may hold positions in portfolio companies in which we have also invested. Such investments may raise potential conflicts of interest between us and such other Ares-managed funds, particularly if we and such other Ares-managed funds invest in different classes or types of securities or investments of the same underlying portfolio company. In that regard, actions may be taken by such other Ares-managed funds that are adverse to our interests, including, but not limited to, during a restructuring, bankruptcy or other insolvency proceeding or similar matter occurring at the underlying portfolio company.

 

Other. We will be periodically examined by the SEC for compliance with the 1933 Act, 1934 Act and Investment Company Act, and be subject to the periodic reporting and related requirements of the 1934 Act.

 

We are also required to provide and maintain a bond issued by a reputable fidelity insurance company to protect against larceny and embezzlement. Furthermore, as a BDC, we are prohibited from protecting any Trustee or officer against any liability to us or our common shareholders arising from willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of such person’s office.

 

We are also required to designate a chief compliance officer and to adopt and implement written policies and procedures reasonably designed to prevent violation of the federal securities laws and to review these policies and procedures annually for their adequacy and the effectiveness of their implementation.

 

We are not permitted to change the nature of our business so as to cease to be, or to withdraw our election as, a BDC unless approved by a majority of our outstanding voting securities. A majority of the outstanding voting securities of a company is defined under the Investment Company Act as the lesser of: (i) 67% or more of such company’s shares present at a meeting if more than 50% of the outstanding shares of such company are present or represented by proxy, or (ii) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of such company.

 

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MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND

 

Board of Trustees

 

Our business and affairs are managed under the direction of our Board of Trustees. The responsibilities of the Board of Trustees include, among other things, the oversight of our investment activities, the oversight of the monthly valuation of our assets by our investment adviser (our Board of Trustees' valuation designee), oversight of our financing arrangements and corporate governance activities. Our Board of Trustees consists of seven members, four of whom are not “interested persons” of the Fund or of our investment adviser as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the Investment Company Act and are “independent,” as determined by our Board of Trustees. We refer to these individuals as our independent Trustees. Our Board of Trustees elects our executive officers, who serve at the discretion of the Board of Trustees.

 

Trustees

 

Information regarding the Board of Trustees is as follows:

 

Name,
Address and
Age
(1)
  Position(s)
Held with
the Fund
  Term of
Office
and
Length of
Time
Served
  Principal Occupation
During Past
5 Years
  Number of Portfolio
Companies in Fund
Complex Overseen
by Trustee (1)
  Other
Directorships
Held by
Trustee
Independent Trustees                    
                     
Sandra Anceleitz, 56   Trustee   Since 2022 (indefinite term)   Ms. Anceleitz currently dedicates her time to non-profit work.   1(2)    
                     
Ann Torre Bates, 64   Trustee   Since 2022 (indefinite term)   Ms. Bates currently dedicates her time to serving on boards of directors of several companies in the financial sector.   2(2)   United Natural Foods, Inc., 15 investment companies in the Franklin Templeton Group of Mutual Funds, Ares Capital Corporation
Steven B. McKeever, 62   Trustee   Since 2022 (indefinite term)   Since 1997, Mr. McKeever has been Chief Executive Officer of Hidden Beach Recordings, an independent record label based in Los Angeles, California.   2(2)   Ares Capital Corporation
Eric B. Siegel, 64   Lead Independent Trustee and Trustee   Since 2022 (indefinite term)   Since 2005, Mr. Siegel has served as Senior Advisor to the Chairman of the Milwaukee Brewers Baseball Club and a member of the Club’s Board of Advisors.   2(2)   Ares Capital Corporation
                     
Interested Trustees                    
R. Kipp deVeer, 50(3)   Trustee and Chairman of the Board of Trustees   Since 2022 (indefinite term)   Since September 2022, Mr. deVeer has served as an interested Trustee and Chairman of the Board of Trustees of the Fund. Mr. deVeer is an interested director and Chief Executive Officer of Ares Capital Corporation. Mr. deVeer is a Director and Partner of Ares, the head of the Ares Credit Group and a member of the Ares Executive Management Committee Mr. deVeer is a member of the Investment Committee, the Ares Credit Group’s U.S. Direct Lending and European Direct Lending Investment Committees and other select Ares Credit Group investment committees.   3(2)  

Ares Management Corporation,

Ares Capital Corporation

Mitchell Goldstein, 55(4)   Trustee and Co-Chief Executive Officer   Since 2022 (indefinite term)   Since September 2022, Mr. Goldstein has served as an interested Trustee of the Fund and a Co-Chief Executive Officer of the Fund. Mr. Goldstein is a Co-President of Ares Capital Corporation. Mr. Goldstein is a Partner and Co-Head of the Ares Credit Group. He serves on the Ares Executive Management Committee. He is also Vice President and interested trustee of CION Ares Diversified Credit Fund. Mr. Goldstein is a member of the Investment Committee, the Ares Credit Group’s U.S. Direct Lending and Commercial Finance Investment Committees and the Ivy Hill Asset Management Investment Committee.   2(2)   CION Ares Diversified Credit Fund
                     
Michael L. Smith, 51(5)   Trustee and Co-Chief Executive Officer   Since 2022 (indefinite term)   Since September 2022, Mr. Smith has served as an interested Trustee of the Fund and a Co-Chief Executive Officer of the Fund. Mr. Smith is an interested director of Ares Capital Corporation. Mr. Smith is a Partner and Co-Head of the Ares Credit Group and he serves on the Ares Executive Management Committee. Mr. Smith is a member of the Investment Committee, Ares Credit Group’s U.S. Direct Lending and Commercial Finance Investment Committees, the Ares Private Equity Group’s Special Opportunities Investment Committee, and the Infrastructure and Power Group Funds Investment Committee.   2(2)   Ares Capital Corporation

 

 

(1) The address for each of the individuals listed above is c/o Ares Strategic Income Fund, 245 Park Avenue, 44th Floor, New York, New York 10167.
(2) Includes, in each case, the Fund.
(3) Mr. deVeer is an interested Trustee because he is the Chief Executive Officer of Ares Capital Corporation, a Partner of Ares Management, an officer of and on the Investment Committee of the investment adviser and a member of the Ares Executive Management Committee.
(4) Mr. Goldstein is an interested Trustee because he is the Co-Chief Executive Officer of the Fund, Co-President of Ares Capital Corporation, a Partner and Co-Head of Ares Credit Group, Vice President and interested trustee of CION Ares Diversified Credit Fund, a member of the Ares Executive Management Committee and serves on the on the Investment Committee of the investment adviser.  
(5) Mr. Smith is an interested Trustee because he is the Co-Chief Executive Officer of the Fund, an interested director of Ares Capital Corporation, a Partner and Co-Head of Ares Credit Group, a member of the Ares Executive Management Committee and serves on the on the Investment Committee of the investment adviser.  

 

Executive Officers and Certain Other Officers Who are Not Trustees

 

Information regarding our executive officers and certain other officers who are not Trustees is as follows:

 

Name, Address and Age   Position(s)
Held with the Fund
  Term of Office and
Length of Time Served
  Principal Occupation During Past 5 Years
Scott Lem, 45   Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer   Since 2022 (indefinite term)   Since September 2022, Mr. Lem has served as Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of the Fund. Mr. Lem is Chief Accounting Officer, Vice President and Treasurer of Ares Capital Corporation. He also serves as a Partner and Chief Accounting Officer, Credit (Direct Lending) in the Ares Finance Department. Mr. Lem additionally serves as Chief Financial Officer of Ares Dynamic Credit Allocation Fund, Inc. (NYSE: ARDC) and Chief Financial Officer of CION Ares Diversified Credit Fund.
Joshua Bloomstein, 49   General Counsel and Secretary   Since 2022 (indefinite term)   Since September 2022, Mr. Bloomstein has served as General Counsel and Secretary of the Fund. Mr. Bloomstein is General Counsel, Vice President and Secretary of Ares Capital Corporation. Additionally, he is Vice President and Assistant Secretary of CION Ares Diversified Credit Fund and Vice President and Assistant Secretary of Ares Commercial Real Estate Corporation. He currently serves as a Partner and General Counsel (Credit) and Deputy General Counsel (Corporate) of Ares Management.
Lisa Morgan, 46   Chief Compliance Officer   Since 2022 (indefinite term)   Since September 2022, Mr. Morgan has served as Chief Compliance Officer of the Fund. Since April 2019, Ms. Morgan has served as Chief Compliance Officer of Ares Capital Corporation. Ms. Morgan is a Managing Director and Head of Regulatory Compliance in the Ares Compliance Group. Ms. Morgan also serves as the Chief Compliance Officer of Ares Dynamic Credit Allocation Fund, Inc. (NYSE: ARDC), CION Ares Diversified Credit Fund and Ares Private Markets Fund.
Jana Markowicz, 42   Chief Operating Officer   Since 2023 (indefinite term)   Since January 2023, Ms. Markowicz has served as Chief Operating Officer of the Fund. Ms. Markowicz is Chief Operating Officer of Ares Capital Corporation. Ms. Markowicz joined Ares in 2005 as a member of the U.S. Direct Lending investment team. Ms. Markowicz also serves as Partner, Head of Product Management and Investor Relations for Ares’ U.S. Direct Lending strategy.
Jim Miller, 46   President   Since 2023 (indefinite term)   Since January 2023, Mr. Miller has served as President of the Fund. Mr. Miller is a Partner in the Ares Credit Group and serves as Co-Head for Ares’ U.S. Direct Lending strategy and serves on Ares’ U.S. Direct Lending Investment Committee. Mr. Miller also serves on the Ares Sports, Media and Entertainment Investment Committee and acts as a co-lead for that strategy.
Penni Roll, 57   Vice President   Since 2022 (indefinite term)   Since September 2022, Ms. Roll has served as a Vice President of the Fund. Since December 2010, Ms. Roll has served as Chief Financial Officer of Ares Capital Corporation. Ms. Roll serves as the Treasurer of CION Ares Diversified Credit Fund, Ares Dynamic Credit Allocation Fund, Inc. (NYSE: ARDC) and is a Partner and Chief Financial Officer of the Ares Credit Group. Ms. Roll is also Chief Financial Officer, Vice President and Treasurer of Ivy Hill Asset Management, L.P. (“IHAM”) and Chief Financial Officer of Ivy Hill Asset Management GP, LLC, IHAM’s General Partner, where she also serves on the Board of Managers. She also serves as a member of the Ares Diversity, Equity and Inclusion Council.
Naseem Sagati Aghili, 41   Vice President   Since 2022 (indefinite term)   Since September 2022, Ms. Sagati Aghili has served as a Vice President of the Fund. Ms. Sagati Aghili is General Counsel and Secretary of Ares Management. She is a Partner in and Head of the Ares Legal Group and additionally serves on the Ares Executive Management Committee, Enterprise Risk Committee, Communications Committee and the Ares Diversity, Equity and Inclusion Council. She also serves as a Vice President of Ares Capital Corporation, Ares Private Markets Fund, Ares Dynamic Credit Allocation Fund Inc. (NYSE: ARDC) and CION Ares Diversified Credit Fund. Prior to being named as General Counsel of Ares in 2020, Ms. Sagati Aghili served in a variety of roles at Ares, including most recently Co-General Counsel and General Counsel, Private Equity. Ms. Sagati Aghili is also a director of Ares Management Limited.

 

The address for each of the individuals listed above is c/o Ares Strategic Income Fund, 245 Park Avenue, 44th Floor, New York, New York 10167.

 

Biographical Information

 

The following is information concerning the business experience of our Board of Trustees, executive officers and certain other officers who are not trustees. Our Trustees have been divided into two groups—interested Trustees and independent Trustees. Interested Trustees are “interested persons” as defined in the Investment Company Act.

 

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Independent Trustees

 

Sandra R. Anceleitz, 56, has served as a Trustee of the Fund since September 2022 and currently serves on the nominating and governance committee. Ms. Anceleitz currently dedicates her time to non-profit work. From 1997 to 2010, Ms. Anceleitz served as Managing Director of the Global Loan Sales Group for Bank of America/Merrill Lynch. During her time at Bank of America/Merrill Lynch, Ms. Anceleitz also served as Director of the High Yield Bond Sales Group from 1996 to 1997 and Director of the Loan Origination Group from 1994 to 1996. Prior to joining Bank of America/Merrill Lynch, Ms. Anceleitz served as Vice President of the Loan Original Group for Chemical Bank. Ms. Anceleitz holds a dual B.A. in Business / Economics and Mathematics from Lafayette College and an Executive M.B.A. from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania. The Fund believes that Ms. Anceleitz’ experience in the financial sector provides the Board of Trustees with valuable knowledge and insight in the financial services sector.

 

Ann Torre Bates, 64, has served as a Trustee of the Fund since September 2022 and is currently the chairperson of the audit committee. Ms. Bates currently dedicates her time serving on the boards of directors of several companies primarily in the financial sector. From 1997 to 2012, Ms. Bates was a strategic and financial consultant, principally with respect to corporate finance matters. From 1995 to 1997, Ms. Bates served as Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of NHP, Inc., a national real estate services firm. From 1991 to 1995, Ms. Bates was Vice President and Treasurer of US Airways, and held various finance positions from 1988 to 1991. Ms. Bates is a director of Ares Capital Corporation and is the chairperson of its audit committee. She currently serves on the board of directors of United Natural Foods, Inc. and is a director or trustee of 19 investment companies in the Franklin Templeton Group of Mutual Funds. She previously served as a director of Allied Capital Corporation from 2003 to 2010, SLM Corporation from 1997 to 2014 and Navient Corporation from 2014 to 2016. Ms. Bates holds a B.B.A in Accountancy from the University of Notre Dame and an M.B.A. in Finance and Economics from Cornell University. The Fund believes that Ms. Bates’ experience serving as a director of other public companies in the financial sector, as well as her past experience as a chief financial officer, provides the Board of Trustees and, specifically, the audit committee of the Board of Trustees with valuable knowledge and insight in the financial services sector as well as experience in financial and accounting matters.

 

Steven B. McKeever, 62, has served as a Trustee of the Fund since September 2022 and is currently the chairperson of the nominating and governance committee. Mr. McKeever is the CEO of Hidden Beach Recordings, an independent record label based in Los Angeles, California, which Mr. McKeever founded in 1997. From 1991 to 1995, Mr. McKeever was with Motown Records, where he served as Executive Vice President of Talent and Creative Affairs from 1993 to 1995 and Senior Vice President of Artists and Repertoire from 1991 to 1993. In 1992, Mr. McKeever created MoJAZZ Records, a subsidiary of Motown Records and served as its President. In 1993, he was instrumental in the sale of Motown Records to PolyGram Records. Mr. McKeever eventually left Motown Records in 1995 to work on his own entrepreneurial projects. Mr. McKeever began his career at the law firm of Irell & Manella LLP in Los Angeles as an entertainment lawyer. In 2011, Mr. McKeever served as the Executive Producer of Entertainment for the dedication of the Martin Luther King, Jr. Memorial in Washington, D.C. Mr. McKeever currently serves as a director of several organizations. Mr. McKeever is a director of Ares Capital Corporation and is the chairperson of its nominating and governance committee. He served as a Governor of the Los Angeles Chapter of The National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences (a/k/a The GRAMMYs) from 2001 to 2003 and 2008 to 2010 and gives generous time to various charitable organizations such as The City of Hope. Mr. McKeever received his B.S. from the University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign and received his J.D. from Harvard Law School. The Fund believes that Mr. McKeever’s diversity of experiences, in particular his small business and entrepreneurial experience, provides the Board of Trustees with unique insight and expertise into the management of small and middle-market companies.

 

Eric B. Siegel, 64, has served as a Trustee of the Fund since September 2022 and is the lead independent Trustee of the Board. Mr. Siegel currently serves on the audit committee and the nominating and governance committee. Since 2005, Mr. Siegel has served as Special Advisor to the Chairman of the Milwaukee Brewers Baseball Club and a member of the Club’s Board of Advisors. Mr. Siegel is also a past member of the boards of directors of a number of public and private companies, including Kerzner International Ltd. and El Paso Electric Company. Mr. Siegel is a retired limited partner of Apollo Advisors, L.P. and Lion Advisors, L.P., private investment management firms. Mr. Siegel is a director of Ares Capital Corporation, is the lead independent director of its board of directors, and is a member of its audit committee and its nominating and governance committee. Mr. Siegel is a member of the board of directors of the Friends of the Los Angeles Saban Free Clinic and a past member of the Board of Trustees of the Marlborough School. Mr. Siegel holds his B.A. summa cum laude and Phi Beta Kappa and J.D. Order of the Coif from the University of California at Los Angeles. The Fund believes that Mr. Siegel’s experience practicing as a corporate lawyer provides valuable insight to the Board of Trustees on regulatory and risk management issues and his experience as a partner in investment firms and over 30 years of experience serving as a director for both public and private companies provide industry specific knowledge and expertise to the Board of Trustees.

 

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Interested Trustees

 

R. Kipp deVeer, 50, has served as an interested Trustee and Chairman of the Board of Trustees of the Fund since September 2022. Mr. deVeer joined Ares in May 2004 and currently serves as a Director and Partner of Ares Management. He is a member of the Ares Executive Management Committee, the seven-member governing body which controls Ares. He is also a Partner in and Head of the Ares Credit Group. Mr. deVeer may from time to time serve as an officer, director or principal of entities affiliated with Ares Management or of investment funds managed by Ares Management and its affiliates. Mr. deVeer is a member of the Investment Committee of our investment adviser, the Ares Credit Group’s U.S. and European Direct Lending Investment Committees and other select Ares Credit Group investment committees. Mr. deVeer is a director and Co-Chairman of the board of directors of Ares Capital Corporation and is Chief Executive Officer of Ares Capital Corporation. Mr. deVeer previously served as President of Ares Capital Corporation from May 2013 to July 2014. Mr. deVeer previously served as a director of Ares Management Limited, a subsidiary of Ares Management overseeing the European activities of Ares from 2014 to 2017. Prior to joining Ares, Mr. deVeer was a partner at RBC Capital Partners, a division of Royal Bank of Canada, which led the firm’s middle market financing and principal investment business. Mr. deVeer joined RBC in October 2001 from Indosuez Capital, where he was Vice President in the Merchant Banking Group. Previously, Mr. deVeer worked at J.P. Morgan and Co., both in the Special Investment Group of J.P. Morgan Investment Management, Inc. and the Investment Banking Division of J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. Mr. deVeer received a B.A. from Yale University and an M.B.A. from Stanford University’s Graduate School of Business. The Fund believes that Mr. deVeer’s depth of experience in investment management, leveraged finance and financial services, as well as his intimate knowledge of our business and operations, gives the Board of Trustees valuable industry specific knowledge and expertise on these and other matters.

 

Mitchell Goldstein, 55, has served as an interested Trustee and Co-Chief Executive Officer of the Fund since September 2022. Mr. Goldstein also serves as Co-President of Ares Capital Corporation (NASDAQ: ARCC). Mr. Goldstein is a Partner and Co-Head of the Ares Credit Group. He is also Vice President and interested trustee of CION Ares Diversified Credit Fund. He is a member of the Executive Management Committee of Ares, and may from time to time serve as an officer, director or principal of entities affiliated with Ares Management or of investment funds managed by Ares Management and its affiliates. Mr. Goldstein is a member of the Investment Committee, the Ares Credit Group’s U.S. Direct Lending and Commercial Finance Investment Committees and the Ivy Hill Asset Management Investment Committee. Prior to joining Ares Management in May 2005, Mr. Goldstein worked at Credit Suisse First Boston (“CSFB”), where he was a Managing Director in the Financial Sponsors Group. At CSFB, Mr. Goldstein was responsible for providing investment banking services to private equity funds and hedge funds with a focus on M&A and restructurings as well as capital raisings, including high yield, bank debt, mezzanine debt, and IPOs. Mr. Goldstein joined CSFB in 2000 at the completion of the merger with Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette. From 1998 to 2000, Mr. Goldstein was at Indosuez Capital, where he was a member of the Investment Committee and a Principal, responsible for originating, structuring and executing leveraged transactions across a broad range of products and asset classes. From 1993 to 1998, Mr. Goldstein worked at Bankers Trust. He also serves on the Board of Managers of Ivy Hill Asset Management GP, LLC. Mr. Goldstein graduated summa cum laude from the State University of New York at Binghamton with a B.S. in Accounting, received an M.B.A. from Columbia University’s Graduate School of Business. The Fund believes that Mr. Goldstein’s depth of experience in investment management, leveraged finance and financial services, as well as his intimate knowledge of our business and operations, gives the Board of Trustees valuable industry specific knowledge and expertise on these and other matters.

 

Michael L. Smith, 51, has served as an interested Trustee and Co-Chief Executive Officer of the Fund since September 2022. Mr. Smith also serves as a director of Ares Capital Corporation (NASDAQ: ARCC). Mr. Smith previously served as Co-President of Ares Capital Corporation from July 2014 to October 2022. Mr. Smith is a Partner and Co-Head of the Ares Credit Group. He serves on the Ares Executive Management Committee. From time to time, he may serve as an officer, director or principal of entities affiliated with Ares Management or of investment funds managed by Ares Management and its affiliates. Mr. Smith is a member of the Investment Committee, Ares Credit Group’s U.S. Direct Lending and Commercial Finance Investment Committees, the Ares Private Equity Group’s Special Opportunities Investment Committee and the Infrastructure and Power Group Funds Investment Committee. Prior to joining Ares in 2004, Mr. Smith was a Partner at RBC Capital Partners, a division of Royal Bank of Canada, which led the firm’s middle market financing and principal investment business. Previously, Mr. Smith worked at Indosuez Capital in their Merchant Banking Group, Kenter, Glastris & Company, and at Salomon Brothers Inc, in their Debt Capital Markets Group and Financial Institutions Group. Mr. Smith serves on the Board of Directors of the University of Notre Dame’s Wilson Sheehan Lab for Economic Opportunity (LEO), which helps service providers apply scientific evaluation methods to better understand and share effective poverty interventions. Mr. Smith received a B.S. in Business Administration from the University of Notre Dame and a Masters in Management from Northwestern University’s Kellogg Graduate School of Management. The Fund believes that Mr. Smith’s depth of experience in investment management, leveraged finance and financial services, as well as his intimate knowledge of our business and operations, gives the Board of Trustees valuable industry specific knowledge and expertise on these and other matters.

 

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Executive Officers and Certain Other Officers Who are not Trustees

 

Scott C. Lem, 45, has served as Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of the Fund since September 2022. Mr. Lem is Chief Accounting Officer, Vice President and Treasurer of Ares Capital Corporation. Mr. Lem previously served as Assistant Treasurer of Ares Capital Corporation from May 2009 to May 2013. Mr. Lem is a Partner and Chief Accounting Officer, Credit (Direct Lending) in the Ares Finance Department. Mr. Lem also currently serves as Chief Financial Officer of Ares Dynamic Credit Allocation Fund, Inc. (NYSE: ARDC) and Chief Financial Officer of CION Ares Diversified Credit Fund. He may from time to time serve as an officer, director or principal of entities affiliated with Ares Management or of investment funds managed by Ares Management and its affiliates. From July 2003 to December 2008, Mr. Lem served as Controller of Ares Management. Prior to joining Ares in July 2003, Mr. Lem was with Ernst & Young LLP and Arthur Andersen LLP, most recently as a Senior Associate conducting audits for clients across several industries including entertainment, hospitality and real estate. Mr. Lem graduated summa cum laude with a B.S. in Accounting from the University of Southern California’s Leventhal School of Accounting and summa cum laude with a B.S. in Business Administration from the University of Southern California’s Marshall School of Business. Mr. Lem has also received an M.B.A. in Finance from UCLA’s Anderson School of Management. Mr. Lem is a Certified Public Accountant (Inactive).

 

Joshua M. Bloomstein, 49, has served as General Counsel and Secretary of the Fund since September 2022. Mr. Bloomstein is the General Counsel, Vice President and Secretary of Ares Capital Corporation. He joined Ares in November 2006 and currently serves as a Partner and General Counsel (Credit) and Deputy General Counsel (Corporate) of Ares Management, where he focuses on corporate, securities, credit, corporate governance and legislative and regulatory matters. Mr. Bloomstein also currently serves as Vice President and Assistant Secretary of CION Ares Diversified Credit Fund and Vice President and Assistant Secretary of Ares Commercial Real Estate Corporation. Mr. Bloomstein joined Ares from Latham & Watkins LLP, where he was in its private equity and corporate groups, focusing on mergers and acquisitions transactions and securities law and general corporate and partnership matters. Mr. Bloomstein graduated magna cum laude with a B.A. in Political Science from the State University of New York at Albany and received a J.D. degree, magna cum laude, from the University of Miami, where he was elected to The Order of the Coif.

 

Lisa Morgan, 46, has served as Chief Compliance Officer of the Fund since September 2022. Ms. Morgan currently serves as Chief Compliance Officer of Ares Capital Corporation. Ms. Morgan is a Managing Director and Head of Regulatory Compliance in the Ares Compliance Group. Ms. Morgan also serves as the Chief Compliance Officer of Ares Dynamic Credit Allocation Fund, Inc. (NYSE: ARDC), CION Ares Diversified Credit Fund and Ares Private Markets Fund. Prior to joining Ares in 2017, Ms. Morgan was a Partner in the Business Practices Group at Eversheds-Sutherland, where she focused on the formation, regulation and operation of public and private funds, including BDCs. Ms. Morgan began her legal career at Eversheds-Sutherland in 2003. Ms. Morgan holds a B.A. from Providence College in Sociology and Spanish, and a J.D. from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

 

Jana Markowicz, 42, has served as Chief Operating Officer of the Fund since January 2023. Ms. Markowicz is a Partner in the Ares Investor Relations Group. She also serves as the Chief Operating Officer of Ares Capital Corporation. Prior to joining Ares in 2005, Ms. Markowicz was an Analyst in the Global Power Investment Banking Group and the Leveraged Finance Group at Citigroup, where she focused on financings for companies across a broad range of industries. Ms. Markowicz holds a B.S. from the University of Pennsylvania in Engineering, with a concentration in Economic and Financial Systems.

 

Jim Miller, 46, has served as President of the Fund since January 2023. Mr. Miller serves as a Partner, Portfolio Manager and Co-Head of U.S. Direct Lending in the Ares Credit Group. Additionally, Mr. Miller serves as a member of the Ares Credit Group’s U.S. Direct Lending Investment Committee. He also serves on the Ares Sports, Media and Entertainment Investment Committee and acts as a co-lead for the strategy. From time to time, he may serve as an officer, director or principal of entities affiliated with Ares Management or of investment funds managed by Ares Management and its affiliates. Prior to joining Ares in 2006, Mr. Miller was a Vice President at Silver Point Capital, where he focused on building its sponsor finance business, which led the firm’s middle market financing and principal investing. Previously, Mr. Miller was a Vice President at GE Capital, where he was responsible for a variety of investing and investment banking services to private equity funds including high yield, bank debt, mezzanine debt and rescue financing. Mr. Miller holds a B.A. from Fairfield University in Economics and an M.B.A. from Columbia University’s Graduate School of Business.

 

Penni F. Roll, 57, has served as a Vice President of the Fund since September 2022. Ms. Roll currently serves as the Chief Financial Officer of Ares Capital Corporation. She joined Ares Management in 2010 and now serves as a Partner and Chief Financial Officer of the Ares Credit Group. She also serves as the Treasurer of Ares Dynamic Credit Allocation Fund, Inc. (NYSE: ARDC) and CION Ares Diversified Credit Fund. Ms. Roll is also Chief Financial Officer, Vice President and Treasurer of IHAM and Chief Financial Officer of Ivy Hill Asset Management GP, LLC, IHAM’s General Partner, where she also serves on the Board of Managers. She may additionally from time to time serve as an officer, director or principal of other entities affiliated with Ares Management or of other investment funds managed by Ares Management and its affiliates. Ms. Roll also serves as a member of the Ares Diversity, Equity and Inclusion Council. Prior to joining Ares Management, Ms. Roll served as Chief Financial Officer of Allied Capital Corporation from 1998 until April 2010. Ms. Roll joined Allied Capital Corporation in 1995 as its Controller after serving as a Manager in KPMG LLP’s financial services practice. Ms. Roll graduated magna cum laude with a B.S.B.A. in Accounting from West Virginia University.

 

Naseem Sagati Aghili, 41, has served as a Vice President of the Fund since September 2022. Ms. Sagati Aghili is General Counsel and Secretary of Ares Management. She is a Partner in and Head of the Ares Legal Group and additionally serves on the Ares Executive Management Committee, Enterprise Risk Committee, Communications Committee and the Ares Diversity, Equity and Inclusion Council. She also serves as a Vice President of Ares Capital Corporation, Ares Private Markets Fund, Ares Dynamic Credit Allocation Fund Inc. (NYSE: ARDC) and CION Ares Diversified Credit Fund. Ms. Sagati Aghili is also a director of Ares Management Limited. Prior to being named as General Counsel of Ares in 2020, Ms. Sagati Aghili served in a variety of roles at Ares, including most recently Co-General Counsel and General Counsel, Private Equity. Prior to joining Ares in 2009, Ms. Sagati Aghili was with Proskauer Rose LLP, where she focused on mergers and acquisitions, securities offerings and general corporate matters. Ms. Sagati Aghili holds a B.A. from the University of California Berkeley in Political Economy of Industrial Societies and a J.D. from the University of Southern California Gould School of Law.

 

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Communications with Trustees

 

Shareholders and other interested parties may contact any member (or all members) of the Board of Trustees by mail. To communicate with the Board of Trustees, any individual Trustees or any group or committee of Trustees, correspondence should be addressed to the Board of Trustees or any such individual Trustees or group or committee of Trustees by either name or title. All such correspondence should be sent c/o Ares Strategic Income Fund, 245 Park Avenue, 44th Floor, New York, New York 10167, Attention: Chief Compliance Officer.

 

Meetings and Committees of the Board of Trustees

 

During 2022, our Board of Trustees held one formal meeting. Our Board of Trustees currently has three committees: an audit committee, a nominating and governance committee and a co-investment committee. We do not have a compensation committee because our executive officers do not receive any direct compensation from us. Under the Declaration of Trust, the Fund is not required to hold annual meetings. During 2022, the co-investment committee held two formal meetings, During 2022, the audit committee and nominating and governance committee each held one formal meeting.

 

Audit Committee. The audit committee operates pursuant to a charter approved by our Board of Trustees. The charter sets forth the responsibilities of the audit committee. The primary function of the audit committee is to serve as an independent and objective party to assist the Board of Trustees in selecting, engaging and discharging our independent accountants, reviewing the plans, scope and results of the audit engagement with our independent accountants, approving professional services provided by our independent accountants (including compensation therefore), reviewing the independence of our independent accountants and reviewing the adequacy of our internal controls over financial reporting. The audit committee is presently composed of Eric B. Siegel and Ann Torre Bates, each of whom is considered independent for purposes of the Investment Company Act. Ann Torre Bates serves as the chair of the Audit Committee. Our Board of Trustees has determined that Ann Torre Bates qualifies as an “audit committee financial expert” as defined in Item 407 of Regulation S-K under the Exchange Act. Each of the members of the audit committee meet the independence requirements of Rule 10A-3 of the Exchange Act and, in addition, is not an “interested person” of the Fund or of our investment adviser as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the Investment Company Act.

 

A copy of the charter of the Audit Committee is available in print to any common shareholder who requests it and it is also available on the Fund’s website at https://areswmsresources.com/investment-solutions/asif/. Information contained on our website is not incorporated by reference into this prospectus, and you should not consider that information to be part of this prospectus.

 

Nominating and Governance Committee. The nominating and governance committee operates pursuant to a charter approved by our Board of Trustees. The charter sets forth the responsibilities of the nominating and governance committee, including making nominations for the appointment or election of independent Trustees. The nominating and governance committee consists of Eric B. Siegel, Steven B. McKeever and Sandra Anceleitz, each of whom is considered independent for purposes of the Investment Company Act. Steven B. McKeever serves as the chair of the Nominating and Governance Committee.

 

The Nominating and Governance Committee will consider nominees to the Board of Trustees recommended by a shareholder, if such shareholder complies with the advance notice provisions of our bylaws. Our bylaws provide that a shareholder who wishes to nominate a person for election as a Trustee at a meeting of shareholders must deliver written notice to our Corporate Secretary. This notice must contain, as to each nominee, all of the information relating to such person as would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement meeting the requirements of Regulation 14A under the Exchange Act, and certain other information set forth in the bylaws. In order to be eligible to be a nominee for election as a Trustee by a shareholder, such potential nominee must deliver to our Corporate Secretary a written questionnaire providing the requested information about the background and qualifications of such person and a written representation and agreement that such person is not and will not become a party to any voting agreements, any agreement or understanding with any person with respect to any compensation or indemnification in connection with service on the Board of Trustees, and would be in compliance with all of our publicly disclosed corporate governance, conflict of interest, confidentiality and share ownership and trading policies and guidelines.

 

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A copy of charter of the Nominating and Governance Committee is available in print to any common shareholder who requests it, and it is also available on the Fund’s website at https://areswmsresources.com/investment-solutions/asif/. Information contained on our website is not incorporated by reference into this prospectus, and you should not consider that information to be part of this prospectus.

 

Co-Investment Committee. The co-investment committee consists of Eric B. Siegel, Ann Torre Bates, Steven B. McKeever and Sandra Anceleitz, each of whom is independent for purposes of the Investment Company Act. The co-investment committee is primarily responsible for reviewing and making certain findings in respect of co-investment transactions pursuant to the Co-investment Exemptive Order.

 

Compensation of Trustees

 

Our Trustees who do not also serve in an executive officer capacity for us or our investment adviser are entitled to receive annual cash retainer fees, fees for participating in the in-person board and committee meetings and annual fees for serving as a committee chairperson, determined based on our net assets as of the end of each fiscal quarter. These Trustees are Eric B. Siegel, Ann Torre Bates, Steven B. McKeever and Sandra Anceleitz. Amounts payable under the arrangement are determined and paid quarterly in arrears as follows:

 

        Annual Committee Chair Cash Retainer    
Annual Cash
Retainer
  Board
Meeting Fee
  Audit   Nominating and
Governance
  Committee Meeting
Attendance Fee
(Audit, Nominating
and Governance,
and Co-Investment)
$ Variable*   $ 2,500   $ 10,000   $ 5,000   $ 1,000

 

*$50,000, while the Fund’s assets under management (“AUM”) are less than $1.0 billion, $75,000, while the Fund’s AUM are more than $1.0 billion but less than $2.0 billion or $100,000, while the Fund’s AUM are more than $2.0 billion.

 

We also reimburse each of the Trustees for all reasonable and authorized business expenses in accordance with our policies as in effect from time to time, including reimbursement of reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with attending each board meeting and each committee meeting not held concurrently with a board meeting.

 

We will not pay compensation to our Trustees who also serve in an executive officer capacity for us or our investment adviser.

 

Staffing

 

We do not currently have any employees and do not expect to have any employees. Services necessary for our business are provided by individuals who are employees or affiliates of our investment adviser, Ares Capital Management, and our administrator, Ares Operations, each of which is a subsidiary of Ares Management, pursuant to the terms of our investment advisory and management agreement and our administration agreement, respectively, each as described below. Each of our executive officers is an employee or affiliate of our investment adviser or our administrator. We reimburse both our investment adviser and our administrator for a certain portion of expenses incurred in connection with such staffing, as described in more detail below. Because we have no employees, we do not have a formal employee relations policy.

 

Compensation of Officers

 

None of our officers will receive direct compensation from us. The compensation of our chief financial officer and chief compliance officer will be paid by our administrator, subject to reimbursement by us of an allocable portion of such compensation for services rendered by them to us. To the extent that our administrator outsources any of its functions, we will pay the fees associated with such functions on a direct basis without profit to our administrator.

 

Board Leadership Structure

 

The Board of Trustees monitors and performs an oversight role with respect to the business and affairs of the Fund, including with respect to investment practices and performance, valuations, compliance with regulatory requirements and the services, conflicts of interest, expenses and performance of service providers to the Fund. Among other things, the Board of Trustees approves the appointment of the investment adviser, administrator and officers, reviews and monitors the services and activities performed by the investment adviser, administrator and officers and approves the engagement, and reviews the performance of, the Fund’s independent registered public accounting firm.

 

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Under our bylaws, the Board of Trustees may designate a chairperson to preside over the meetings of the Board of Trustees and meetings of the shareholders and to perform such other duties as may be assigned to him by the Board of Trustees. The Board of Trustees has appointed R. Kipp deVeer to serve in the role of chairperson of the Board of Trustees. The Fund does not have a fixed policy as to whether the Chair of the Board of Trustees should be an independent Trustee and believes that its flexibility to select its chairperson and reorganize its leadership structure from time to time is in the best interests of the Fund and its shareholders.

 

The independent Trustees have designated a lead independent Trustee whose duties include, among other things, chairing executive sessions of the independent Trustees, acting as a liaison between the independent Trustees and the chairman of the Board of Trustees and between the independent Trustees and officers of the Fund and the investment adviser, facilitating communication among the independent Trustees and the Fund’s counsel, reviewing and commenting on Board of Trustees and committee meeting agendas and calling additional meetings of the independent Trustees as appropriate. In September 2022, the Board of Trustees designated and appointed Mr. Siegel as the lead independent Trustee and Mr. Siegel has served as lead independent Trustee since that time.

 

The Fund believes that board leadership structures must be evaluated on a case-by-case basis and that the foregoing board leadership structure is appropriate at this time. In addition, the Fund believes that the foregoing governance structure, when combined with the functioning of the independent trustee component of the Board of Trustees and the Fund’s overall corporate governance structure, strikes an appropriate balance between strong and consistent leadership and independent oversight of the Fund’s business and affairs. However, the Fund will continually re-examine its corporate governance policies on an ongoing basis to ensure that they continue to meet the Fund’s needs.

 

Board Role in Risk Oversight

 

The Board of Trustees performs its risk oversight function and fulfills its risk oversight responsibilities primarily (1) through its three standing committees, which report to the entire Board of Trustees and are comprised solely of independent Trustees, (2) by working with the Fund’s Chief Compliance Officer to monitor risk in accordance with the Fund’s compliance policies and procedures, and (3) by reviewing risk management processes throughout the year and requesting periodic reports from the Fund’s investment adviser regarding risk management, including reports on cybersecurity.

 

As described above in more detail under “Audit Committee” and “Nominating and Governance Committee,” the audit committee and the nominating and governance committee assist the Board of Trustees in performing its risk oversight function and fulfilling its risk oversight responsibilities. The audit committee’s risk oversight responsibilities include overseeing the Fund’s accounting and financial reporting processes, assisting the Board of Trustees in fulfilling the Board of Trustees’ oversight responsibilities relating to the Fund’s systems of internal controls over financial reporting, audits of the Fund’s financial statements and disclosure controls and procedures, overseeing the investment adviser’s determination of fair value of securities that are not publicly traded or for which current market values are not readily available, and discussing with management the Fund’s major financial risk exposures and the steps management has taken to monitor and control such exposures, including the Fund’s risk assessment and risk management policies. The nominating and governance committee’s risk oversight responsibilities include developing, reviewing and updating certain policies regarding the nomination of directors, identifying, evaluating and nominating directors to fill vacancies on the Board of Trustees or to stand for election by the Fund’s shareholders, reviewing the Fund’s policies relating to corporate governance, and overseeing the evaluation of the Board of Trustees and its committees.

 

The Board of Trustees also performs its risk oversight function and fulfills its risk oversight responsibilities by working with the Fund’s Chief Compliance Officer to monitor risk in accordance with the Fund’s policies and procedures. The Chief Compliance Officer prepares a written report annually discussing the adequacy and effectiveness of the compliance policies and procedures of the Fund and certain of its service providers. The Chief Compliance Officer’s report, which is reviewed by and discussed with the Board of Trustees, addresses at a minimum (1) the operation of the compliance policies and procedures of the Fund and certain of its service providers since the last report; (2) any material changes to such policies and procedures since the last report; (3) any recommendations for material changes to such policies and procedures as a result of the Chief Compliance Officer’s annual review; and (4) any compliance matter that has occurred since the date of the last report about which the Board of Trustees would reasonably need to know to oversee the Fund’s compliance activities and risks. In addition, the Chief Compliance Officer reports to the Board of Trustees on a quarterly basis with respect to material compliance matters and meets separately in executive session with the independent Trustees periodically, but in no event less than once each year.

 

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The Fund believes that the Board of Trustees’ role in risk oversight is effective and appropriate given the extensive regulation to which it is already subject as a BDC. Specifically, as a BDC the Fund must comply with certain regulatory requirements and restrictions that control the levels of risk in its business and operations. For example, the Fund’s ability to incur indebtedness is limited such that its asset coverage must equal at least 150% (or 200% if certain requirements under the Investment Company Act are not met) immediately after each time it incurs indebtedness, the Fund generally has to invest at least 70% of its total assets in “qualifying assets” and, subject to certain exceptions, the Fund is subject to restrictions on its ability to engage in transactions with Ares and its affiliates. In addition, the Fund intends to elect to be treated as a RIC under the Code. As a RIC the Fund must, among other things, meet certain source of income and asset diversification requirements.

 

The Fund believes that the extent of the Board of Trustees’ (and its committees’) role in risk oversight complements the Board of Trustees’ leadership structure because it allows the Fund’s independent Trustees, through the three fully independent Board of Trustees committees, a lead independent Trustee, executive sessions with each of the Fund’s Chief Compliance Officer, the Fund’s independent registered public accounting firm and independent valuation providers, and otherwise, to exercise oversight of risk without any conflict that might discourage critical review.

 

The Fund believes that board roles in risk oversight must be evaluated on a case-by-case basis and that the Board of Trustees’ existing role in risk oversight is appropriate. However, the Board of Trustees re-examines the manner in which it administers its risk oversight function on an ongoing basis to ensure that it continues to meet the Fund’s needs.

 

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PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT

 

The following individuals function as our portfolio managers (the “portfolio managers”) and are primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of our portfolio.

 

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Name   Position   Length of
Service with
Ares (years)
  Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years
Mitchell Goldstein   Trustee and Co-Chief Executive Officer of the Fund; Co-President of the Ares Capital Corporation; Partner in and Co-Head of the Ares Credit Group   18   Since September 2022, Mr. Goldstein has served as an interested Trustee of the Fund and a Co-Chief Executive Officer of the Fund. Mr. Goldstein is a Co-President of Ares Capital Corporation. Mr. Goldstein is a Partner and Co-Head of the Ares Credit Group. He serves on the Ares Executive Management Committee. He is also Vice President and interested trustee of CION Ares Diversified Credit Fund. Mr. Goldstein is a member of the Investment Committee of our investment adviser, the Ares Credit Group’s U.S. Direct Lending and Commercial Finance Investment Committees and the Ivy Hill Asset Management Investment Committee.
             
Michael Smith   Trustee and Co-Executive Officer of the Fund, Partner and Co-Head of Ares Credit Group   19   Since September 2022, Mr. Smith has served as an interested Trustee of the Fund and a Co-Chief Executive Officer of the Fund. Mr. Smith is an interested director of Ares Capital Corporation. Mr. Smith is a Partner and Co-Head of the Ares Credit Group and he serves on the Ares Executive Management Committee. Mr. Smith is a member of the Investment Committee of our investment adviser, Ares Credit Group’s U.S. Direct Lending and Commercial Finance Investment Committees, the Ares Private Equity Group’s Special Opportunities Investment Committee, and the Infrastructure and Power Group Funds Investment Committee.

 

None of the individuals listed above is primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the portfolio of any other account, except that each are Partners of the Ares Credit Group and members of the Investment Committee, and Mr. Goldstein is a named portfolio manager for CION Ares Diversified Credit Fund. All such individuals have responsibilities with respect to certain funds and managed accounts, which as of December 31, 2022 had approximately $[     ] billion (including the Fund) of assets under management, a portion of which is used to calculate Ares’ advisory fees related to such funds and managed accounts. See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business and Structure— There are significant potential conflicts of interest that could impact our investment returns and the value of our assets.”

 

Each of the portfolio managers is responsible for deal origination, execution and portfolio management. In addition to their deal origination, execution and portfolio management responsibilities, Messrs. Goldstein and Smith also spend portions of their time on corporate and administrative activities in their capacities as Co-Executive Officers of the Fund and as Partners and Co-Heads of the Ares Credit Group and, in the case of Mr. Goldstein, as Co-President of Ares Capital Corporation. Each of the portfolio managers receive a compensation package that includes some combination of fixed draw and variable incentive compensation based on our performance. None of the portfolio managers receives any direct compensation from us.

 

The following table sets forth the dollar range of our equity securities and the number of shares beneficially owned by each of the portfolio managers described above as of January 31, 2023.

 

Name     Aggregate Dollar Range of
Equity Securities
in Ares Strategic Income Fund(1)
Mitchell Goldstein     None.
Michael Smith     None.

 

 

(1)  Dollar ranges are as follows: None, $1 – $10,000, $10,001 – $50,000, $50,001 – $100,000, $100,001 – $500,000, $500,001 – $1,000,000, or over $1,000,000.

 

Other Accounts Managed by Portfolio Managers

 

The portfolio managers primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund also manage other registered investment companies, other pooled investment vehicles and other accounts, as indicated below. The following table identifies, as of December 31, 2022: (i) the number of other registered investment companies, other pooled investment vehicles and other accounts managed by each portfolio manager; (ii) the total assets of such companies, vehicles and accounts; and (iii) the number and total assets of such companies, vehicles and accounts that are subject to an advisory fee based on performance.

 

Type of Account   Number of
Accounts
  Assets of
Accounts
(in millions)
  Number of
Accounts
Subject to a
Performance
Fee
 

Assets
Subject to a
Performance
Fee
(in millions)

Mitchell Goldstein                    
Registered investment companies          [     ]   $ [     ]   [     ]   $

[     ]

Other pooled investment vehicles   [     ]   $ [     ]   [     ]   $

[     ]

Other accounts   [     ]   $ [     ]   [     ]   $

[     ]

 

Type of Account   Number of
Accounts
  Assets of
Accounts
(in millions)
  Number of
Accounts
Subject to a
Performance
Fee
 

Assets
Subject to a
Performance
Fee
(in millions)

Michael Smith                    
Registered investment companies          [     ]   $ [     ]   [     ]   $

[     ]

Other pooled investment vehicles   [     ]   $ [     ]   [     ]   $

[     ]

Other accounts   [     ]   $ [     ]   [     ]   $

[     ]

 

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Our Investment Adviser

 

Investment Committee

 

The Fund is primarily the responsibility of two portfolio managers, Mr. Mitch Goldstein and Mr. Michael Smith. The Fund is also supported by six additional members of the Investment Committee.  All of the Investment Committee members have ownership and financial interests in, and may receive compensation and/or profit distributions from, our investment adviser. None of the Investment Committee members receive any direct compensation from us. See “Control Persons and Principal Shareholders” for additional information about equity interests held by certain of these individuals.

 

Investment Committee

 

Below is biographical information relating to the members of the Investment Committee. For biographical information relating to Messrs. Goldstein and Smith, please see “Management—Biographical Information.”

 

Kevin Alexander, 47, serves as a Partner in the Ares Credit Group, where he focuses on alternative credit investments. Additionally, he serves as a member of the Ares Credit Group’s Alternative Credit, Pathfinder Fund and Pathfinder Core Fund Investment Committees. From time to time, he may serve as an officer, director or principal of entities affiliated with Ares Management or of investment funds managed by Ares Management and its affiliates. Prior to joining Ares in 2019, Mr. Alexander was Deputy CEO and Head of Global Market, Americas at Natixis CIB. Previously, he worked at Deutsche Bank within the Interest Rate Derivatives Group. Mr. Alexander began his career as an Economic Analyst at the New York Federal Reserve Bank. He holds a B.S. from Washington and Lee University in Business Administration and Accounting and an M.A. from Fordham University in Economics.

 

Jana Markowicz, 42, has served as Chief Operating Officer of the Fund since January 2023. Ms. Markowicz is a Partner in the Ares Investor Relations Group. She also serves as the Chief Operating Officer of Ares Capital Corporation (NASDAQ: ARCC). Prior to joining Ares in 2005, Ms. Markowicz was an Analyst in the Global Power Investment Banking Group and the Leveraged Finance Group at Citigroup, where she focused on financings for companies across a broad range of industries. Ms. Markowicz holds a B.S. from the University of Pennsylvania in Engineering, with a concentration in Economic and Financial Systems.

 

Jim Miller, 46, has served as President of the Fund since January 2023. Mr. Miller serves a Partner, Portfolio Manager and Co-Head of U.S. Direct Lending in the Ares Credit Group. Additionally, Mr. Miller serves as a member of the Ares Credit Group’s U.S. Direct Lending Investment Committee. He also serves on the Ares Sports, Media and Entertainment Investment Committee and acts as a co-lead for the strategy. From time to time, he may serve as an officer, director or principal of entities affiliated with Ares Management or of investment funds managed by Ares Management and its affiliates. Prior to joining Ares in 2006, Mr. Miller was a Vice President at Silver Point Capital, where he focused on building its sponsor finance business, which led the firm’s middle market financing and principal investing. Previously, Mr. Miller was a Vice President at GE Capital, where he was responsible for a variety of investing and investment banking services to private equity funds including high yield, bank debt, mezzanine debt and rescue financing. Mr. Miller holds a B.A. from Fairfield University in Economics and an M.B.A. from Columbia University’s Graduate School of Business.

 

Samantha Milner, 44, serves as a Partner and U.S. Liquid Credit Portfolio Manager in the Ares Credit Group, where she is primarily responsible for managing Ares’ U.S. bank loan credit strategies. Ms. Milner serves as a Vice President and one of four Portfolio Managers for the Ares Dynamic Credit Allocation Fund, Inc. (NYSE:ARDC). Additionally, she serves as a member of the Ares Credit Group’s U.S. Liquid Credit Investment Committee and the Ares Dynamic Credit Allocation Fund Investment Committee. She also serves on the Ares Diversity, Equity and Inclusion Council. Prior to joining Ares in 2004, Ms. Milner was an Associate in the Financial Restructuring Group at Houlihan Lokey Howard & Zukin, where she focused on providing advisory services in connection with restructurings, distressed mergers and acquisitions and private placements. Ms. Milner serves on the Board of Directors of STEAM:CODERS, a not-for-profit organization focused on underrepresented and underserved students through Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, and Math (STEAM), in preparation for academic and career opportunities. Ms. Milner holds a B.B.A., with distinction, from Emory University’s Goizueta Business School in Finance and Accounting.

 

Aaron Rosen, 41, serves as a Partner and Co-Portfolio Manager of Special Opportunities in the Ares Private Equity Group, where he focuses on investing across the various Ares fund platforms in the public and private markets. Mr. Rosen serves as a member of the Ares Private Equity Group’s Special Opportunities Investment Committee. From time to time, he may serve as an officer, director or principal of entities affiliated with Ares Management or of investment funds managed by Ares Management and its affiliates. Prior to joining Ares in 2018, Mr. Rosen was a Partner and Director of Research at Archview Investment Group, where he focused on distressed and high yield investments in the U.S. and internationally. Prior to Archview, Mr. Rosen was a Vice President at Citigroup, where he was a founding member of the Citibank Global Special Situations Group focused on U.S. distressed debt, stressed credit, and value equity investment strategies. In addition, Mr. Rosen was a member of Citigroup’s Asset-Based Finance group, where he focused on structuring senior secured debt financings for non-investment grade corporate borrowers. Mr. Rosen holds a B.S., summa cum laude, from New York University’s Stern School of Business in Finance and Information Systems where he received the Valedictorian Award.

 

Michael Schechter, 42, serves as a Partner and Head of Credit Trading in the Ares Credit Group, where he oversees trading of all bank loans, high yield and related credit instruments in the United States and Europe. Mr. Schechter serves as a member of the Ares Credit Group’s U.S. Liquid Credit Investment Committee. Prior to joining Ares in 2019, Mr. Schechter was a Managing Director in leveraged loan trading at Morgan Stanley, where he focused on performing and stressed bank debt. Previously, Mr. Schechter was a Managing Director and Co-Head of Loan Trading at Citi, where he focused on performing and stressed bank debt and high yield bond trading. Additionally, Mr. Schechter was an Associate in Citi’s Leveraged Finance Group. Mr. Schechter holds a B.S, with honors, from Lehigh University in Business and Economics with a concentration in Finance.

 

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INVESTMENT ADVISORY AND MANAGEMENT AGREEMENT AND ADMINISTRATION AGREEMENT

 

Ares Capital Management serves as our investment adviser and is located at 2000 Avenue of the Stars, 12th Floor, Los Angeles, California 90067. Our investment adviser is registered as an investment adviser under the Advisers Act. Subject to the overall supervision of our Board of Trustees and in accordance with the Investment Company Act, our investment adviser manages our day-to-day operations and provides investment advisory services to us.

 

Management Services

 

Ares Capital Management will provide management services to us pursuant to the investment advisory and management agreement. Under the terms of the investment advisory and management agreement, our investment adviser:

 

  determines the composition of our portfolio, the nature and timing of the changes to our portfolio and the manner of implementing such changes;

 

  identifies, evaluates and negotiates the structure of our investments;

 

  closes and monitors our investments;

 

  determines the securities and other assets that we will purchase, retain or sell;

 

  performs due diligence on prospective and existing portfolio companies;
     
  determines the fair value of debt and equity securities that are not publicly traded or whose market prices are not readily available, subject to the oversight of our Board of Trustees; and

 

  provides us with such other investment advisory, research and related services as we may, from time to time, reasonably require for the investment of our funds.

 

Our investment adviser’s services under the investment advisory and management agreement are not exclusive, and it is free to furnish similar or different services to other entities, and it intends to do so. Similarly, our investment adviser or its affiliates may directly or indirectly manage funds or other investment vehicles with investment objectives similar to ours. Accordingly, we may compete with these Ares funds or other investment vehicles managed by our investment adviser and its affiliates for capital and investment opportunities. Ares Capital Management endeavors to allocate investment opportunities in a fair and equitable manner, and in any event consistent with any fiduciary duties owed to us. Nevertheless, it is possible that we may not be given the opportunity to participate in certain investments made by investment funds or other investment vehicles managed by our investment adviser or its affiliates. See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business and Structure—There are significant potential conflicts of interest that could impact our investment returns and the value of our assets.”

 

Compensation of Our Investment Adviser

 

Pursuant to the investment advisory and management agreement and subject to the overall supervision of our Board of Trustees, our investment adviser provides investment advisory and management services to us. For providing these services, our investment adviser receives fees from us consisting of a base management fee and an incentive fee. The cost of both the base management fee and the incentive fee will ultimately be borne by the shareholders.

 

Base Management Fee

 

The base management fee is payable monthly in arrears at an annual rate of 1.25% of the value of our net assets as of the beginning of the first calendar day of the applicable month. For purposes of the investment advisory and management agreement, net assets means our total assets less liabilities, determined on a consolidated basis determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP. For the first calendar month in which we had operations, December 2022, net assets, as defined by GAAP, were measured as the beginning net assets as of the effective date of the investment advisory and management agreement, which was November 22, 2022.

 

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Incentive Fee

 

The incentive fee consists of two components that are independent of each other, with the result that one component may be payable even if the other is not. A portion of the incentive fee is based on a percentage of our income and a portion is based on a percentage of our capital gains, each as described below.

 

Incentive Fee Based on Income

 

The portion based on our income is based on pre-incentive fee net investment income, as defined in the investment advisory and management agreement, for the quarter. “Pre-incentive fee net investment income” means, as the context requires, either the dollar value of, or percentage rate of return on the value of our net assets in accordance with GAAP at the end of the immediately preceding quarter from, interest income, dividend income and any other income (including any other fees (other than fees for providing managerial assistance), such as commitment, origination, structuring, diligence and consulting fees or other fees that we receive from portfolio companies) accrued during the calendar quarter, minus our operating expenses accrued for the quarter (including the base management fee, expenses payable under the administration agreement entered into between us and our administrator, and any interest expense or fees on any credit facilities or outstanding debt and dividends paid on any issued and outstanding preferred shares, but excluding the incentive fee and any shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee.

 

Pre-incentive fee net investment income includes, in the case of investments with a deferred interest feature (such as market or original issue discount, debt investments with PIK interest, preferred stock with PIK dividends and zero coupon securities), accrued income that we have not yet received in cash. Our investment adviser is not under any obligation to reimburse us for any part of the incentive fee based on income it received that were based on accrued interest that we never actually received. See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business and Structure—There are significant potential conflicts of interest that could impact our investment returns and the value of our assets” and “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business and Structure—We may be obligated to pay our investment adviser certain fees even if we incur a loss.”

 

Pre-incentive fee net investment income does not include any realized capital gains, realized capital losses or unrealized capital appreciation or depreciation. The impact of expense support payments and recoupments are also excluded from pre-incentive fee net investment income. Because of the structure of the incentive fee based on income, it is possible that we may pay such fees in a quarter where we incur a loss. For example, if we receive pre-incentive fee net investment income in excess of the hurdle rate for a quarter, we will pay the applicable incentive fee based on income even if we have incurred a loss in that quarter due to realized and/or unrealized losses.

 

Pre-incentive fee net investment income, expressed as a rate of return on the value of our net assets at the end of the immediately preceding quarter, is compared to a “hurdle rate” of return of 1.25% per quarter (5.0% annualized). If market credit spreads rise, we may be able to invest our funds in debt instruments that provide for a higher return, which may increase our pre-incentive fee net investment income and make it easier for our investment adviser to surpass the fixed hurdle rate and receive an incentive fee based on such net investment income. To the extent we have retained pre-incentive fee net investment income that has been used to calculate the incentive fee based on income, it is also included in the amount of our total assets (other than cash and cash equivalents but including assets purchased with borrowed funds) used to calculate the base management fee.

 

We pay our investment adviser an incentive fee quarterly in arrears with respect to our pre-incentive fee net investment income in each calendar quarter as follows:

 

  No incentive fee based on pre-incentive fee net investment income in any calendar quarter in which our pre-incentive fee net investment income does not exceed the hurdle rate of 1.25% per quarter (5.00% annualized);

 

  100% of the dollar amount of our pre-incentive fee net investment income with respect to that portion of such pre-incentive fee net investment income, if any, that exceeds the hurdle rate but is less than a rate of return of 1.43% (5.72% annualized). This portion of the pre-incentive fee net investment income (which exceeds the hurdle rate but is less than 1.43%) is referred to as the “catch-up.” The “catch-up” is meant to provide our investment adviser with 12.5% of our pre-incentive fee net investment income as if a hurdle rate did not apply if this net investment income exceeds 1.43% in any calendar quarter; and

 

  12.5% of the dollar amount of our pre-incentive fee net investment income, if any, that exceeds a rate of return of 1.43% (5.72% annualized). This reflects that once the hurdle rate is reached and the catch-up is achieved, 12.5% of all pre-incentive fee net investment income thereafter are allocated to our investment adviser.

 

The following is a graphical representation of the calculation of the income based fee:

 

Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income

(expressed as a percentage of the value of net assets)

 

 

 

Percentage of Pre-Incentive Fee Net Investment Income

Allocated to Incentive Fee

 

The fees that are payable under the investment advisory and management agreement for any partial period will be appropriately pro-rated and adjusted for any share issuances or repurchases during the relevant period.

 

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Incentive Fee Based on Capital Gains

 

The second component of the incentive fee, the capital gains incentive fee, is payable at the end of each calendar year in arrears. The amount payable equals:

 

  12.5% of cumulative realized capital gains from inception through the end of such calendar, computed net of all realized capital losses and unrealized capital depreciation on a cumulative basis, as calculated in accordance with GAAP, less the aggregate amount of any previously paid capital gains incentive fees.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, if we are required by GAAP to record an investment at its fair value as of the time of acquisition instead of at the actual amount paid for such investment by us (including, for example, as a result of the application of the asset acquisition method of accounting), then solely for the purposes of calculating the capital gains incentive fee, the “accreted or amortized cost basis” of an investment shall be an amount (the “Contractual Cost Basis”) equal to (1) (x) the actual amount paid by us for such investment plus (y) any amounts recorded in our financial statements as required by GAAP that are attributable to the accretion of such investment plus (z) any other adjustments made to the cost basis included in our financial statements, including PIK interest or additional amounts funded (net of repayments) minus (2) any amounts recorded in our financial statements as required by GAAP that are attributable to the amortization of such investment, whether such calculated Contractual Cost Basis is higher or lower than the fair value of such investment (as determined in accordance with GAAP) at the time of acquisition.

 

Each year, the fee paid for the capital gains incentive fee is net of the aggregate amount of any previously paid capital gains incentive fee for all prior periods. In no event will the capital gains incentive fee payable pursuant to the Investment advisory and management agreement be in excess of the amount permitted by the Advisers Act, including Section 205 thereof. If the investment advisory and management agreement shall terminate as of a date that is not a calendar year end, the termination shall be treated as though it were a calendar year end for purposes of calculating and paying a capital gains incentive fee.

 

The fees that are payable under the investment advisory and management agreement for any partial period will be appropriately prorated and adjusted for any share issuances or repurchases during the relevant period.

 

Examples of Fee Quarterly Incentive Fee Calculation

 

Example 1—Income Related Portion of Incentive Fee(1):

 

Assumptions

 

 

·Hurdle rate(2) = 1.25%
· Management fee(3) = 0.3125%
· Other expenses (legal, accounting, custodian, transfer agent, etc.)(4) = 0.20%

 

 

(1) The hypothetical amount of pre-incentive fee net investment income shown is based on a percentage of net assets.
(2) Represents the 1.25% quarterly hurdle rate.
(3) Represents a quarter of the 1.25% annualized management fee.
(4) Hypothetical other expenses. Excludes organization and offering expenses.

 

Example 1—Income Related Portion of Incentive Fee:

 

Alternative 1

 

Additional Assumptions

 

· Investment income (including interest, dividends, fees, etc.) = 1.00%
· Pre-incentive fee net investment income
(investment income - (management fee + other expenses)) = 0.4875%

 

Pre-incentive fee net investment income does not exceed the hurdle rate, therefore there is no income based fee.

 

Alternative 2

 

Additional Assumptions

 

· Investment income (including interest, dividends, fees, etc.) = 1.80%
· Pre-incentive fee net investment income
(investment income - (management fee + other expenses)) = 1.2875%
   
Pre-incentive fee net investment income exceeds hurdle rate, therefore there is an income based fee.
 
Income Based Fee  
=
  100% × “Catch-Up” + the greater of 0% AND (12.5% × (pre-incentive fee net investment income - 1.43%))
         
   
=
 

(100% × (1.2875% – 1.25%)) + 0%

         
   
=
  100% × 0.0375%
         
   
=
 

0.0375%

 

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Alternative 3

 

Additional Assumptions

 

· Investment income (including interest, dividends, fees, etc.) = 3.50%
· Pre-incentive fee net investment income
(investment income - (management fee + other expenses)) = 2.9875%
   

 

Pre-incentive fee net investment income exceeds hurdle rate, therefore there is an income based fee.

 

Income Based Fee   =   100% × “Catch-Up” + the greater of 0% AND (12.5% × (pre-incentive fee net investment income – 1.43%))
    =   (100% × (1.43% – 1.25%)) + (12.5% × (2.9875% – 1.43%))
    =   0.18% + (12.5% × 1.5575%)
    =   0.18% + 0.1947%
    =   0.3747%

 

Example 2—Capital Gains Incentive Fee:

 

Alternative 1:

 

Assumptions

 

· Year 1: $20 million investment made in Company A (“Investment A”), and $30 million investment made in Company B (“Investment B”)
· Year 2: Investment A is sold for $50 million and fair value (“FV”) of Investment B determined to be $32 million
· Year 3: FV of Investment B determined to be $25 million
· Year 4: Investment B sold for $31 million

 

The capital gains incentive fee, if any, would be:

 

· Year 1: None (No sales transactions)
· Year 2: $3.75 million (12.5% multiplied by $30 million realized capital gains on sale of Investment A)
· Year 3: None; $3.125 million (12.5% multiplied by ($30 million realized cumulative capital gains less $5 million cumulative capital depreciation)) less $3.75 million (previous capital gains incentive fee paid in Year 2)
· Year 4: $0.125 million; $3.875 million (12.5% multiplied by $31 million cumulative realized capital gains) less $3.75 million (capital gains incentive fee paid in Year 2)

 

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Alternative 2

 

Assumptions

 

· Year 1: $20 million investment made in Company A (“Investment A”), $30 million investment made in Company B (“Investment B”) and $25 million investment made in Company C (“Investment C”)
· Year 2: Investment A sold for $50 million, FV of Investment B determined to be $25 million and FV of Investment C determined to be $25 million
· Year 3: FV of Investment B determined to be $27 million and Investment C sold for $30 million
· Year 4: FV of Investment B determined to be $35 million
· Year 5: Investment B sold for $20 million

 

The capital gains incentive fee, if any, would be:

 

· Year 1: None (No sales transactions)
· Year 2: $3.125 million (12.5% multiplied by $25 million ($30 million realized capital gains on Investment A less $5 million unrealized capital depreciation on Investment B))
· Year 3: $0.875 million (12.5% multiplied by $32 million ($35 million cumulative realized capital gains less $3 million unrealized capital depreciation)) less $3.125 million (capital gains incentive fee paid in Year 2))
· Year 4: None (No sales transactions)
· Year 5: None (12.5% multiplied by $25 million (cumulative realized capital gains of $35 million less realized capital losses of $10 million)) less $4.0 million (cumulative capital gains incentive fee paid in Year 2 and Year 3))

 

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Organization of our Investment Adviser

 

Our investment adviser is a Delaware limited liability company that is registered as an investment adviser under the Advisers Act. The principal executive offices of Ares Capital Management are located at 2000 Avenue of the Stars, 12th Floor, Los Angeles, California 90067.

 

Administration Agreement

 

We are also party to an administration agreement, referred to herein as the “administration agreement”, with our administrator, Ares Operations. Our Board of Trustees, including our independent Trustees, approved the administration agreement with our administrator, Ares Operations, at a board meeting held on September 9, 2022. In approving the administration agreement, the Board of Trustees considered information with respect to the nature, extent and quality of services to be provided to the Fund by the administrator, the reasonableness of the estimated costs of the services to be provided by the administrator, whether the Fund would be able to obtain similar services at cost from other third-party service providers, and the limited potential for additional benefits to be derived by the administrator and its affiliates as a result of the Fund’s proposed relationship with the administrator. Pursuant to the administration agreement, our administrator furnishes us with office equipment and clerical, bookkeeping and record keeping services at our office facilities. Under the administration agreement, our administrator also performs, or oversees the performance of, our required administrative services, which include, among other things, providing assistance in accounting, legal, compliance, operations, technology and investor relations, being responsible for the financial records that we are required to maintain and preparing reports to our shareholders and reports filed with the SEC. In addition, our administrator assists us in determining and publishing our NAV, assists us in providing managerial assistance to our portfolio companies, oversees the preparation and filing of our tax returns and the printing and dissemination of reports to our shareholders, and generally oversees the payment of our expenses and the performance of administrative and professional services rendered to us by others. Payments under the administration agreement are equal to an amount based upon our allocable portion of our administrator’s overhead and other expenses (including travel expenses) incurred by our administrator in performing its obligations under the administration agreement, including our allocable portion of the compensation, rent and other expenses of certain of our officers and their respective staffs. The administration agreement may be terminated by either party without penalty upon 60 days’ written notice to the other party.

 

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Certain Terms of the Investment Advisory and Management Agreement and Administration Agreement

 

Each of the investment advisory and management agreement and the administration agreement has been approved by the Board of Trustees. Unless earlier terminated as described below, each of the investment advisory and management agreement and the administration agreement will remain in effect for a period of two years from the date it first becomes effective and will remain in effect from year-to-year thereafter if approved annually by a majority of the Board of Trustees or by the holders of a majority of our outstanding voting securities and, in each case, a majority of the independent Trustees. We may terminate the investment advisory and management agreement or the administration agreement, without payment of any penalty, upon 60 days’ written notice. The decision to terminate either agreement may be made by a majority of the independent Trustees or the shareholders holding a majority of our outstanding voting securities, which means the lesser of (1) 67% or more of the voting securities present at a meeting if more than 50% of the outstanding voting securities are present or represented by proxy, or (2) more than 50% of the outstanding voting securities. In addition, without payment of any penalty, our investment adviser may terminate the investment advisory and management agreement upon 120 days’ written notice and the administrator may terminate the administration agreement upon 60 days’ written notice. The investment advisory and management agreement will automatically terminate within the meaning of the Investment Company Act and related SEC guidance and interpretations in the event of its assignment.

 

Our investment adviser and administrator will not be liable to the Fund for any action taken or omitted to be taken by our investment adviser or administrator in connection with the performance of any of their duties or obligations under the investment advisory and management agreement and administration agreement or otherwise as investment adviser or administrator, respectively. Each of the investment advisory and management agreement and the administration agreement provide that, each of our investment adviser and our administrator, as applicable, its members and their respective officers, managers, partners, agents, employees, controlling persons, members and any other person or entity affiliated with any of them (collectively, the “Indemnified Parties”) will be entitled to indemnification from and against all damages, liabilities, costs and expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees and amounts reasonably paid in settlement) incurred by the Indemnified Parties in or by reason of any pending, threatened or completed action, suit, investigation or other proceeding (including an action or suit by or in the right of the Fund or its security holders) arising out of or otherwise based upon the performance of any of our investment adviser’s services under the investment advisory and management agreement and our administrator’s services under the administration agreement or otherwise as investment adviser or administrator for us. Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, nothing contained in each of the investment advisory and management agreement and the administration agreement will protect or be deemed to protect the Indemnified Parties against or entitle or be deemed to entitle the Indemnified Parties to indemnification in respect of, any liability to the Fund or its security holders to which the Indemnified Parties would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith or negligence in the performance of our investment adviser’s duties under the investment advisory and management agreement and our administrator’s duties under the administration agreement or by reason of the reckless disregard of our investment adviser’s duties under the investment advisory and management agreement and our administrator’s duties under the administration agreement (to the extent applicable, as the same will be determined in accordance with the Investment Company Act and any interpretations or guidance by the SEC or its staff thereunder).

 

Payment of Our Expenses Under the Investment Advisory and Management and Administration Agreements

 

The services of all investment professionals of our investment adviser and its staff, when and to the extent engaged in providing investment advisory services to us and the compensation and routine overhead expenses of such personnel allocable to such services, are provided and paid for by our investment adviser. Under the investment advisory and management agreement, we bear all other costs and expenses of our operations and transactions, including, but not limited to, those relating to:

 

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(a)             our “organization and offering expenses” associated with this offering, as provided for in Conduct Rule 2310(a)(12) of the Financial Industrial Regulatory Authority, but excluding any shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees;

 

(a)             calculating our net asset value (including the cost and expenses of any independent valuation firms or pricing services);

 

(b)             expenses incurred by our investment adviser payable to third parties, including agents, consultants or other advisors, in monitoring our financial and legal affairs and in monitoring our investments (including the cost of consultants hired to develop information technology systems designed to monitor our investments) and performing due diligence on its prospective portfolio companies;

 

(c)             interest payable on debt, if any, incurred to finance our investments;

 

(d)             offerings of our Common Shares and other securities;

 

(e)             the costs of effecting any repurchases of our Common Shares and other securities, if any;

 

(f)             investment advisory fees, including management fees and incentive fees, payable under the investment advisory and management agreement to our investment adviser;

 

(g)             administration fees, if any, payable under the administration agreement;

 

(h)             fees payable, if any, under any intermediary manager or selected intermediary agreements;

 

(i)              shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees payable under our Distribution and Shareholder Servicing Plan adopted pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the Investment Company Act;

 

(j)              fees payable to third parties, including agents, consultants or other advisors, relating to, or associated with, evaluating and making investments (including payments to third party vendors for financial information services);

 

(k)             transfer agent, escrow agent and custodial fees and expenses;

 

(l)              federal and state registration fees;

 

(m)             all costs of registration and listing our Common Shares or any other securities on any securities exchange;

 

(n)             federal, state and local taxes;

 

(o)             independent Trustees’ fees and expenses;

 

(p)             costs of preparing and filing reports or other documents required by governmental bodies (including the SEC) and an official or agency administering the securities laws of a state;

 

(q)             costs of any reports, proxy statements or other notices to shareholders, including printing and other related costs;

 

(r)              commissions and other compensation payable to brokers or dealers;

 

(s)              to the extent we are covered by any joint insurance policies, our allocable portion of the fidelity bond, trustees and officers/errors and omissions liability insurance, and any other insurance premiums;

 

(t)              outside legal expenses;

 

(u)             accounting expenses (including fees and disbursements and expenses related to the audit of the Fund and the preparation of the Fund’s tax information);

 

(v)             direct costs and expenses of administration, including printing, mailing, long distance telephone, cellular phone and data service, copying, and staff; and

 

(w)            all other expenses incurred by us or our administrator in connection with administering our business as described in more detail under “—Administration Agreement”.

 

From time to time, our investment adviser, our administrator or their affiliates may pay third-party providers of goods or services. We will reimburse our investment adviser, our administrator or such affiliates thereof for any such amounts paid on our behalf. From time to time, our investment adviser or our administrator may defer or waive fees and/or rights to be reimbursed for expenses. All of the foregoing expenses will ultimately be borne by our common shareholders.

 

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Board Approval of the Investment Advisory and Management Agreement

 

Our Board of Trustees, including our independent Trustees, approved the investment advisory and management agreement at a meeting held on September 9, 2022. In voting to approve the investment advisory and management agreement, our independent Trustees consulted in executive session with their independent legal counsel regarding the approval of such agreement. In reaching a decision to approve the investment advisory and management agreement, the Board of Trustees reviewed a significant amount of information and considered, among other things:

 

  the nature, quality and extent of the advisory and other services to be provided to the Fund by our investment adviser;

 

  the proposed investment advisory fee rates to be paid by the Fund to our investment adviser under the investment advisory and management agreement as compared to the advisory fees paid by other funds and accounts managed by our investment adviser with similar investment strategies as well as the fees and expenses of comparable BDCs;

 

  the long- and short-term investment performance of an exchange-listed BDC advised by our investment adviser and the long- and short-term investment performance of our investment adviser;

 

  the allocation methodology of costs of the services to be provided by our investment adviser (including the base management fee, the incentive fee based on income and the incentive fee based on gains (including the applicable hurdle rates and conditions for the deferral of fee payments) and expense ratios) under the investment advisory and management agreement;

 

  the potential for, and sharing of, economies of scale in investment management given the directly originated nature of the Fund’s investment portfolio and resources dedicated by our investment adviser thereto;

 

  our investment adviser’s pro forma profitability with respect to managing its clients based on financial information provided by our investment adviser;

 

  additional benefits to be derived by our investment adviser and its affiliates as a result of our relationship with our investment adviser; and

 

  various other matters, including the alignment of interests of our shareholders.

 

In voting to approve the investment advisory and management agreement, our Board of Trustees, including all of the Trustees who are not “interested persons,” of the Fund, made the following conclusions:

 

·Nature, Extent and Quality of Services. Our Board of Trustees considered the nature, extent and quality of the investment selection process to be employed by our investment adviser, including the flow of transaction opportunities resulting from our investment adviser’s investment professionals’ significant capital markets, trading and research expertise, the employment of our investment adviser’s investment philosophy, diligence procedures, credit recommendation process, investment structuring, and ongoing relationships with and monitoring of portfolio companies, in light of the investment objective of the Fund. Our Board of Trustees also considered our investment adviser’s personnel and their prior experience in connection with the types of investments to be made by us, including such personnel’s network of relationships with intermediaries focused on U.S. middle-market companies and other companies in which we may make investments. Our Board of Trustees also considered the benefit and increasing costs of our investment adviser continuing to be able to recruit and retain top talent. In addition, our Board of Trustees considered the other terms and conditions of the investment advisory and management agreement, including that the substantive terms of the investment advisory and management agreement (other than the fees payable thereunder, which our Board of Trustees reviewed separately) are generally the same as those of comparable BDCs described in the available market data and that it would be difficult to obtain similar services of similar quality on a comparable basis from other third party service providers or through an internally managed structure. In addition, our Board of Trustees considered the fact that we have the ability to terminate the investment advisory and management agreement without penalty upon 60 days’ written notice to our investment adviser. Our Board of Trustees further determined that our investment adviser is served by a dedicated origination, transaction development and investment team of investment professionals, and that these investment professionals have historically focused on investments in U.S. middle-market companies and other companies in which we may make investments, which experience and relationships coincide with our investment objective and generally equal or exceed those of the management teams or investment advisers of other comparable BDCs described in the available market data.

 

  Investment Performance. It was noted that since the Fund was not operational at the time of the Board of Trustees’ approval, it did not have any investment performance. Our Board of Trustees reviewed the long-term and short-term investment performance of an exchange-listed BDC advised by our investment adviser and the long-term and short-term investment performance of our investment adviser, as well as comparative data based on publicly available information with respect to the long-term and short-term investment performance of other externally managed BDCs and their investment advisers.

 

·Costs of the Services Provided to the Fund. Our Board of Trustees considered (i) comparative data based on publicly available information with respect to services to be rendered and the advisory fees (including the base management fee and incentive fees or similar fees (including applicable hurdle rates, other payment conditions and/or fee waivers)) of other BDCs with similar investment objectives, our operating expenses and expense ratios compared to other BDCs of similar size and with similar investment objectives and (ii) the administrative services that our administrator will provide to us at cost.

 

·Economies of Scale. Our Board of Trustees considered information about the potential for our shareholders to experience economies of scale as we grow in size.

 

In view of the wide variety of material factors that our Board of Trustees considered in connection with its evaluation of the investment advisory and management agreement, it is not practical to quantify, rank or otherwise assign relative weights to the specific factors it considered in reaching its decision. Our Board of Trustees did not undertake to make any specific determination as to whether any particular factor, or any aspect of any particular factor, was favorable or unfavorable to the ultimate determination of our Board of Trustees. Rather, our Board of Trustees based its approval on the totality of information presented to, and the investigation conducted by, it. In considering the factors discussed above, individual directors may have given different weights to different factors.

 

Based on the information reviewed and the factors discussed above, our Trustees (including those Trustees who are not “interested persons” of the Fund) concluded that the terms of the investment advisory and management agreement, including the fee rates thereunder, are fair and reasonable in relation to the services to be provided and approved the investment advisory and management agreement as being in the best interests of the Fund and its shareholders.

 

Conflicts of interest may arise if our investment adviser seeks to change the terms of our investment advisory and management agreement, including, for example, the amount of the base management fee, the incentive fees or other compensation terms. Material amendments to our investment advisory and management agreement must be approved by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of our outstanding voting securities and by a majority of our independent Trustees, and we may from time to time decide it is appropriate to seek the requisite approval to change the terms of the agreement.

 

Prohibited Activities

 

Our activities are subject to compliance with the Investment Company Act. In addition, our Declaration of Trust prohibits the following activities among us, our investment adviser and its affiliates:

 

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  We may not purchase or lease assets in which our investment adviser or its affiliates has an interest unless (i) we disclose the terms of the transaction to our common shareholders, the terms are reasonable to us and the price does not exceed the lesser of cost or fair market value, as determined by an independent expert or (ii) such purchase or lease of assets is consistent with the Investment Company Act or an exemptive order under the Investment Company Act issued to us by the SEC;

 

  We may not invest in general partnerships or joint ventures with affiliates and non-affiliates unless certain conditions are met;

 

Our investment adviser and its affiliates may not acquire assets from us unless (i) approved by our common shareholders entitled to cast a majority of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter or (ii) such acquisition is consistent with the Investment Company Act or an exemptive order under the Investment Company Act issued to us by the SEC;

 

We may not lease assets to our investment adviser, any trustee or any affiliates thereof unless we disclose the terms of the transaction to our common shareholders and such terms are fair and reasonable to us;

 

We may not make any loans, credit facilities, credit agreements or otherwise to investment adviser or its affiliates except for the advancement of funds as permitted by our Declaration of Trust or unless otherwise permitted by the Investment Company Act or applicable guidance or exemptive relief of the SEC;

 

We may not acquire assets in exchange for our Common Shares;

 

We may not pay a commission or fee, either directly or indirectly to our investment adviser or its affiliates, except as otherwise permitted by our Declaration of Trust, in connection with the reinvestment of cash flows from operations and available reserves or of the proceeds of the resale, exchange or refinancing of our assets;

 

Our investment adviser may not charge duplicate fees to us; and

 

Our investment adviser may not provide financing to us with a term in excess of 12 months.

 

In addition, in the investment advisory and management agreement, our investment adviser agrees that its activities will at all times be in compliance in all material respects with all applicable federal and state securities laws governing its operations and investments.

 

License Agreement

 

Ares Management LLC, the sole member of Ares Capital Management, has granted us a non-exclusive, royalty-free license to use the name “Ares” pursuant to a license agreement. Under this agreement, we will have a right to use the Ares name for so long as Ares Capital Management remains our investment adviser. Other than with respect to this limited license, we have no legal right to the “Ares” name.

 

Compliance with the Omnibus Guidelines Published by NASAA

 

Rebates, Kickbacks and Reciprocal Arrangements

 

Our Declaration of Trust prohibits our investment adviser from: (i) receiving or accepting any rebate, give-ups or similar arrangement that is prohibited under applicable federal or state securities laws, (ii) participating in any reciprocal business arrangement that would circumvent provisions of applicable federal or state securities laws governing conflicts of interest or investment restrictions or (iii) entering into any agreement, arrangement or understanding that would circumvent the restrictions against dealing with affiliates or promoters under applicable federal or state securities laws. In addition, our investment adviser may not directly or indirectly pay or award any fees or commissions or other compensation to any person or entity engaged to sell our Common Shares or give investment advice to a potential shareholder; provided, however, that our investment adviser may pay a registered broker-dealer or other properly licensed agent of normal sales commissions or other compensation (including cash compensation and non-cash compensation (as such terms are defined under FINRA Rule 2310)) for selling or distributing our Common Shares, including out of the investment adviser’s own assets, including those amounts paid to the investment adviser under the investment advisory and management agreement.

 

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Commingling

 

The investment adviser may not permit our funds to be commingled with the funds of any other entity.

 

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POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST

 

We have entered into the investment advisory and management agreement and the Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement with our investment adviser, a subsidiary of Ares Management, an entity in which certain trustees and officers of the Fund and members of the Investment Committee may have indirect ownership and pecuniary interests. Pursuant to the investment advisory and management agreement, we pay our investment adviser a base management fee and an incentive fee. See “Investment Advisory and Management Agreement and Administration Agreement — Compensation of Our Investment Adviser” for a description of how the fees payable to our investment adviser will be determined. Pursuant to our administration agreement, we reimburse our administrator, at cost, for our allocable portion of overhead and other expenses (including travel expenses) incurred by our administrator in performing its obligations under the administration agreement. See “Investment Advisory and Management Agreement and Administration Agreement — Administration Agreement” for a description of how the expenses reimbursable to our administrator will be determined. The Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement is intended to ensure that no portion of our distributions to shareholders will represent a return of capital for tax purposes. See “Plan of Operation—Expenses—Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement” for additional information regarding the Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement.

 

Conflicts may arise in allocating and structuring investments, time, services, expenses or resources among the investment activities of Ares funds, Ares, other Ares-affiliated entities and the employees of Ares. Certain of our executive officers and trustees, and members of the Investment Committee of our investment adviser, serve or may serve as officers, directors or principals of other entities and affiliates of our investment adviser and investment funds managed by our investment adviser or its affiliates, including Ares Capital Corporation. Accordingly, they may have obligations to investors in those entities, the fulfillment of which might not be in our or our common shareholders’ best interests or may require them to devote time to services for other entities, which could interfere with the time available to provide services to us. Members of our investment adviser’s Investment Committee may have significant responsibilities for other Ares funds. Similarly, although the professional staff of our investment adviser will devote as much time to the management of us as appropriate to enable our investment adviser to perform its duties in accordance with the investment advisory and management agreement, the investment professionals of our investment adviser may have conflicts in allocating their time and services among us, on the one hand, and investment vehicles managed by our investment adviser or one or more of its affiliates, on the other hand. These activities could be viewed as creating a conflict of interest insofar as the time and effort of the professional staff of our investment adviser and its officers and employees will not be devoted exclusively to our business but will instead be allocated between our business and the management of these other investment vehicles.

 

Our investment adviser has adopted an investment allocation policy designed to ensure that all investment opportunities are, to the extent practicable, allocated among its clients on a basis that over a period of time is fair and equitable to each client relative to other clients as well as a co-investment policy designed to ensure fair allocation of co-investment opportunities amongst its clients. Certain Ares vehicles may have investment objectives that compete or overlap with, and may from time to time invest in asset classes similar to those targeted by the Fund, and our executive officers, certain of our trustees and members of the Investment Committee of the investment adviser also serve as officers or principals of other investment managers affiliated with Ares Management that currently, and may in the future, manage such Ares vehicles that have investment objectives similar to our investment objective. Consequently, we, on the one hand, and these other entities, on the other hand, may from time to time pursue the same or similar capital and investment opportunities. Ares and our investment adviser endeavor to allocate investment opportunities in a fair and equitable manner, and in any event consistent with any fiduciary duties owed to the Fund. Nevertheless, it is possible that we may not be given the opportunity to participate in certain investments made by investment vehicles managed by investment managers affiliated with Ares (including our investment adviser and its affiliates). In addition, there may be conflicts in the allocation of investments among us and the vehicles managed by investment managers affiliated with Ares (including our investment adviser and its affiliates), including investments made pursuant to the Co-Investment Exemptive Order. Further, such other Ares-managed vehicles may hold positions in portfolio companies in which the Fund has also invested. Such investments may raise potential conflicts of interest between the Fund and such other Ares-managed vehicles, particularly if the Fund and such other Ares-managed vehicles invest in different classes or types of securities or investments of the same underlying portfolio company. In that regard, actions may be taken by such other Ares-managed vehicles that are adverse to the Fund’s interests, including, but not limited to, during a restructuring, bankruptcy or other insolvency proceeding or similar matter occurring at the underlying portfolio company. See “Risk Factors — Risks Relating to Our Business and Structure — There are significant potential conflicts of interest that could impact our investment returns and the value of our assets.”

 

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Co-Investment Opportunities

 

As a BDC, we are subject to certain regulatory restrictions in negotiating certain investments with entities with which we may be restricted from doing so under the Investment Company Act, such as our investment adviser and its affiliates.

 

We, our investment adviser and certain of our affiliates have received the Co-Investment Exemptive Order from the SEC that permits us and other BDCs and registered closed-end management investment companies managed by Ares to co-invest in portfolio companies with each other and with affiliated investment vehicles. Co-investments made under the Co-Investment Exemptive Order are subject to compliance with certain conditions and other requirements, which could limit our ability to participate in a co-investment transaction. We may also otherwise co-invest with vehicles managed by Ares or any of its downstream affiliates, subject to compliance with existing regulatory guidance, applicable regulations and our investment adviser’s allocation policy. Our Board of Trustees has established a co-investment committee, which is primarily responsible for reviewing and making certain findings in respect of co-investment transactions pursuant to the Co-Investment Exemptive Order.

 

Intermediary Manager Agreement

 

We have entered into an Intermediary Manager Agreement with Ares Wealth Management Solutions, LLC, the intermediary manager. Pursuant to the Intermediary Manager Agreement, we will indemnify the intermediary manager, its officers, directors and any person who controls the intermediary manager, in certain circumstances.

 

The intermediary manager is an affiliate of our investment adviser and will not make an independent review of us or our continuous offering. This relationship may create conflicts in connection with the intermediary manager’s due diligence obligations under the federal securities laws. Although the intermediary manager will examine the information in this prospectus for accuracy and completeness, due to its affiliation with our investment adviser, no independent review of us will be made in connection with the distribution of our Common Shares in this offering.

  

License Agreement

 

We have entered into a License Agreement with Ares Management LLC, the sole member of Ares Capital Management, pursuant to which we have been granted a non-exclusive, royalty-free license to use the name “Ares.” Under this agreement, we will have a right to use the Ares name for so long as Ares Capital Management remains our investment adviser. Other than with respect to this limited license, we have no legal right to the “Ares” name.

 

Material Non-Public Information

 

Members of our investment adviser’s Investment Committee and other employees of our investment adviser and its affiliates may serve as directors of, or in a similar capacity with, companies in which we invest or in which we are pursuing an investment opportunity. Through these and other relationships with a company, these individuals may obtain material non-public information that might restrict our ability to buy or sell the securities of such company under the policies of the company or applicable law, including, for example, the antifraud provisions of the federal securities laws.

 

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Code of Conduct

 

As a BDC, we are subject to certain regulatory requirements that restrict our ability to engage in certain related-party transactions. We have adopted procedures for the review, approval and monitoring of transactions that involve us and certain of our related persons. For example, we have a code of conduct that generally prohibits our executive officers or trustees from engaging in any transaction where there is a conflict between such individual’s personal interest and the interests of the Fund. Any waiver to the code of conduct will generally only be permitted to be obtained from the Chief Compliance Officer, the chairperson of the Board of Trustees or the chairperson of the audit committee and will be publicly disclosed as required by applicable law and regulations. In addition, the audit committee is required to review and approve all related-party transactions (as defined in Item 404 of Regulation S-K).

 

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CONTROL PERSONS AND PRINCIPAL SHAREHOLDERS

 

The following table sets forth, as of [     ], 2023, information with respect to the beneficial ownership of our Common Shares by:

 

each person known to us to be expected to beneficially own more than 5% of the outstanding Common Shares;

 

each of our Trustees and each executive officers; and

 

all of our Trustees and executive officers as a group.

 

Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the rules of the SEC and includes voting or investment power with respect to the securities. Except as otherwise noted below, each person named in the following table has sole voting and investment power with respect to all shares of the Fund’s Common Shares that he or she beneficially owns. There are no Common Shares subject to options that are currently exercisable or exercisable within 60 days of the offering. Percentage of beneficial ownership is based on [     ] of our Common Shares outstanding as of [      ].

 

Unless stated otherwise, the address for each individual or entity listed in the table is c/o Ares Strategic Income Fund, 245 Park Avenue, 44th Floor, New York, New York, 10167.

 

    Shares Beneficially
Owned
 
Name and Address   Number     Percentage  
Independent Trustees                
Sandra Anceleitz     [     ]       [     ] %
Ann Torre Bates     [     ]       [     ] %
Steven B. McKeever     [     ]       [     ] %
Eric B. Siegel     [     ]       [     ] %
Interested Trustees                
R. Kipp deVeer     [     ]       [     ] %
Mitchell Goldstein     [     ]       [     ] %
Michael L. Smith     [     ]       [     ] %
Executive Officers Who Are Not Trustees                
Joshua Bloomstein     [     ]       [     ] %
Scott Lem     [     ]       [     ] %
Jana Markowicz     [     ]       [     ] %
Jim Miller     [     ]       [     ] %
Other                
[     ]          
All Trustees, Executive Officers and Certain Other Officers as a Group (14 persons) (1)     [     ] (1)      

 

(1) Includes shares owned by officers of the Fund that are not “Named Executive Officers,” as defined in Item 402 of Regulation S-K under the Exchange Act.

 

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The following table sets forth the dollar range of our equity securities as of [     ], 2023.

 

Name and Address   Dollar Range of Equity Securities in
Ares Strategic Income Fund(1)(2)(3)
  Aggregate Dollar Range of
Equity Securities in the Fund
Complex (1)(3)
 
Independent Trustees      
Sandra Anceleitz   [     ]   [     ]  
Ann Torre Bates   [     ]   [     ]  
Steven B. McKeever   [     ]   [     ]  
Eric B. Siegel   [     ]   [     ]  
Interested Trustees          
R. Kipp deVeer   [     ]   [     ]  
Mitchell Goldstein   [     ]   [     ]  
Michael L. Smith   [     ]   [     ]  

 

(1) Beneficial ownership has been determined in accordance with Rule 16a-1(a)(2) of the Exchange Act.
(2) The dollar range of equity securities expected to be beneficially owned are based on the initial public offering price of $[     ] per share.
(3) The dollar range of equity securities beneficially owned are: none, $1 – $10,000, $10,001 – $50,000, $50,001 – $100,000 or over $100,000.

 

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DISTRIBUTIONS

 

We currently intend to pay regular monthly distributions commencing with the first full calendar quarter after we hold the first closing in the offering of Common Shares pursuant to this Registration Statement. However, any distributions we make will be at the sole discretion of our Board of Trustees, who will consider factors such as our earnings, cash flow, capital needs and general financial condition and the requirements of Delaware law. As a result, our distribution rates and payment frequency may vary from time to time.

 

Our Board of Trustees’ discretion as to the payment of distributions will be directed, in substantial part, by its determination to cause us to comply with the RIC requirements. To maintain our treatment as a RIC, we generally are required to make aggregate annual distributions to our common shareholders of at least 90% of our net investment income. See “Description of Our Common Shares” and “Certain U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations.”

 

The per share amount of distributions on Class S, Class D and Class I shares generally differ because of different class-specific shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees that are deducted from the gross distributions for each share class. Specifically, distributions on Class S shares will be lower than Class D shares, and Class D shares will be lower than Class I shares because we are required to pay a higher ongoing shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee with respect to the Class S shares (compared to Class D shares and Class I shares) and we are required to pay a higher ongoing shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee with respect to Class D shares (compared to Class I shares, which have no shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee).

 

There is no assurance we will pay distributions in any particular amount, if at all. We may fund any distributions from sources other than cash flow from operations, including, without limitation, the sale of assets, borrowings, return of capital or offering proceeds, and we have no limits on the amounts we may fund any distributions from such sources. The extent to which we pay distributions from sources other than cash flow from operations will depend on various factors, including the level of participation in our distribution reinvestment plan, how quickly we invest the proceeds from this and any past or future offering and the performance of our investments. Funding distributions from the sales of assets, borrowings, return of capital or proceeds of this offering will result in us having less funds available to acquire investments. As a result, the return you realize on your investment may be reduced. Additionally, funding distributions from the sales of assets, borrowings, return of capital or proceeds of this offering may also negatively impact our ability to generate cash flows. Likewise, funding distributions from the sale of additional securities will dilute your interest in us on a percentage basis and may impact the value of your investment especially if we sell these securities at prices less than the price you paid for your Common Shares. We believe the likelihood that we will pay distributions from sources other than cash flow from operations will be higher in the early stages of the offering, but over time, we intend to fund distributions fully from cash flow from operations.

 

From time to time, we may also pay special interim distributions in the form of cash or Common Shares at the sole discretion of our Board of Trustees.

 

We have not established limits on the amount of funds we may use from any available sources to make distributions. There can be no assurance that we will achieve the performance necessary to sustain our distributions or that we will be able to pay distributions at a specific rate or at all. Our investment adviser and its affiliates have no obligation to waive advisory fees or otherwise reimburse expenses in future periods. See “Investment Advisory and Management Agreement and Administration Agreement.”

 

Consistent with the Code, shareholders will be notified of the source of our distributions. Our distributions may exceed our earnings and profits, especially during the period before we have substantially invested the proceeds from this offering. As a result, a portion of the distributions we make may represent a return of capital for tax purposes. The tax basis of shares must be reduced by the amount of any return of capital distributions, which will result in an increase in the amount of any taxable gain (or a reduction in any deductible loss) on the sale of shares.

 

For a period of time following commencement of this offering, which time period may be significant, we expect substantial portions of our distributions may be funded indirectly through the reimbursement of certain expenses by our investment adviser and its affiliates, including through the waiver of certain investment advisory fees by our investment adviser, that are subject to conditional reimbursement by us within three years. Any such distributions funded through expense reimbursements or waivers of advisory fees are not based on our investment performance, and can only be sustained if we achieve positive investment performance in future periods and/or our investment adviser or its affiliates continues to advance such expenses or waive such fees. Our future reimbursement of amounts advanced or waived by our investment adviser and its affiliates will reduce our NAV at the time we make such reimbursement payment and may reduce future distributions to which you would otherwise be entitled. In addition, the initial advancement of expenses or waiver of fees by our investment adviser and its affiliates may prevent a decline in NAV in the short term, and our reimbursement of these amounts may reduce our NAV in the future. Other than as set forth in this prospectus, our investment adviser and its affiliates have no obligation to advance expenses or waive advisory fees.

 

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We intend to elect to be treated, and intend to qualify annually thereafter, as an RIC under the Code. To obtain and maintain our RIC status under the Code, we must timely distribute an amount equal to at least 90% of our investment company taxable income (as defined by the Code, which generally includes net ordinary income and net short term capital gains) to our common shareholders. In addition, we generally will be required to pay an excise tax equal to 4% on certain undistributed taxable income unless we distribute in a timely manner an amount at least equal to the sum of (i) 98% of our ordinary income recognized during a calendar year and (ii) 98.2% of our capital gain net income, as defined by the Code, recognized during a calendar year and (iii) any income recognized, but not distributed, in preceding years. The taxable income on which we pay excise tax is generally distributed to our common shareholders in the next tax year. Depending on the level of taxable income earned in a tax year, we may choose to carry forward such taxable income for distribution in the following year, and pay any applicable excise tax. We maintain an “opt in” distribution reinvestment plan for our common shareholders. As a result, if we declare a cash dividend, shareholders that specifically opt into the distribution reinvestment plan will have their cash dividends automatically reinvested in additional shares of our Common Shares. See “Distribution Reinvestment Plan.”

 

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DESCRIPTION OF OUR COMMON SHARES

 

The following description is based on relevant portions of Delaware law and on our Declaration of Trust and bylaws. This summary is not necessarily complete, and we refer you to Delaware law, our Declaration of Trust and our bylaws for a more detailed description of the provisions summarized below.

 

General

 

The terms of the Declaration of Trust authorize an unlimited number of Common Shares of any class, par value $0.01 per share, of which 7,012,790 shares were outstanding as of January 31, 2023, and an unlimited number of shares of preferred shares, par value $0.01 per share. The Declaration of Trust provides that the Board of Trustees may classify or reclassify any unissued Common Shares into one or more classes or series of Common Shares or preferred shares by setting or changing the preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers, restrictions, or limitations as to dividends, qualifications, or terms or conditions of redemption of the shares. There is currently no market for our Common Shares, and we can offer no assurances that a market for our Common Shares will develop in the future. We do not intend for the shares offered under this prospectus to be listed on any national securities exchange. There are no outstanding options or warrants to purchase our Common Shares. No shares have been authorized for issuance under any equity compensation plans. Under the terms of our Declaration of Trust, shareholders shall be entitled to the same limited liability extended to shareholders of private Delaware for profit corporations formed under the Delaware General Corporation Law, 8 Del. C. § 100, et. seq. Our Declaration of Trust provides that no shareholder shall be liable for any debt, claim, demand, judgment or obligation of any kind of, against or with respect to us by reason of being a shareholder, nor shall any common shareholder be subject to any personal liability whatsoever, in tort, contract or otherwise, to any person in connection with the Fund’s assets or the affairs of the Fund by reason of being a shareholder.

 

None of our Common Shares are subject to further calls or to assessments, sinking fund provisions, obligations of the Fund or potential liabilities associated with ownership of the security (not including investment risks). In addition, except as may be provided by the Board of Trustees in setting the terms of any class or series of Common Shares, no shareholder shall be entitled to exercise appraisal rights in connection with any transaction.

 

Outstanding Securities

 

Title of Class   Amount
Authorized
  Amount Held
by Fund
for its
Account
   Amount
Outstanding
as of
January 31, 2023
 
Class S   Unlimited     0       0  
Class D   Unlimited     0       0  
Class I   Unlimited     0       7,012,790  

 

Common Shares

 

Under the terms of our Declaration of Trust, all Common Shares have equal rights as to voting and at the time of issuance, are duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable. Dividends and distributions may be paid to the holders of our Common Shares if, as and when authorized by our Board of Trustees and declared by us out of funds legally available therefore. Except as may be provided by our Board of Trustees in setting the terms of classified or reclassified shares, our Common Shares have no preemptive, exchange, conversion, appraisal or redemption rights and will be freely transferable, except where their transfer is restricted by federal or state securities laws or by contract and except that, in order to avoid the possibility that our assets could be treated as “plan assets,” we may require any person proposing to acquire Common Shares to furnish such information as may be necessary to determine whether such person is a benefit plan investor or a controlling person, restrict or prohibit transfers of shares of such shares or redeem any outstanding shares for such price and on such other terms and conditions as may be determined by or at the direction of the Board of Trustees. In the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, each share of our Common Shares would be entitled to share pro rata in all of our assets that are legally available for distribution after we pay all debts and other liabilities and subject to any preferential rights of holders of our preferred shares, if any preferred shares are outstanding at such time. Subject to the rights of holders of any other class or series of shares, each share of our Common Shares is entitled to one vote on all matters submitted to a vote of shareholders, including the election of Trustees. Except as may be provided by the Board of Trustees in setting the terms of classified or reclassified shares, and subject to the express terms of any class or series of preferred shares, the holders of our Common Shares possess exclusive voting power. There is no cumulative voting in the election of Trustees. Subject to the special rights of the holders of any class or series of preferred shares to elect Trustees, each Trustee will be elected by a plurality of the votes cast with respect to such Trustee’s election except in the case of a “contested election” (as defined in our bylaws), in which case Trustees will be elected by a majority of the votes cast in the contested election of Trustees. Pursuant to our Declaration of Trust, our Board of Trustees may amend the bylaws to alter the vote required to elect trustees.

 

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Class S Shares

 

No upfront selling commissions are paid for sales of any Class S shares, however, if you purchase Class S shares from certain selling agents, they may directly charge you transaction or other fees in such amount as they may determine, provided that selling agents limit such charges to 3.5% cap on NAV for Class S shares.

 

We pay the intermediary manager selling commissions over time as a shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee with respect to our outstanding Class S shares equal to 0.85% per annum of the aggregate NAV of our standing Class S shares, including any Class S shares issued pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan. The shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees are paid monthly in arrears. The intermediary manager reallows (pays) all or a portion of the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees to participating brokers and servicing brokers for ongoing shareholder services performed by such brokers, and will waive shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees to the extent a broker is not eligible to receive it for failure to provide such services.

 

Class D Shares

 

No upfront selling commissions are paid for sales of any Class D shares, however, if you purchase Class D shares from certain selling agents, they may directly charge you transaction or other fees in such amount as they may determine, provided that selling agents limit such charges to 1.5% cap on NAV for Class D shares.

 

We pay the intermediary manager selling commissions over time as a shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee with respect to our outstanding Class D shares equal to 0.25% per annum of the aggregate NAV of our standing Class D shares, including any Class D shares issued pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan. The shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees are paid monthly in arrears. The intermediary manager reallows (pays) all or a portion of the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees to participating brokers and servicing brokers for ongoing shareholder services performed by such brokers, and will waive shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees to the extent a broker is not eligible to receive it for failure to provide such services.

 

Class D shares are generally available for purchase in this offering only (1) through fee-based programs, also known as wrap accounts, that provide access to Class D shares, (2) through participating broker-dealers that have alternative fee arrangements with their clients to provide access to Class D shares, (3) through transaction/brokerage platforms at participating broker-dealers, (4) through investment advisers registered under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 or applicable state law that are also registered with or as a broker-dealer, (5) through bank trust departments or any other organization or person authorized to act in a fiduciary capacity for its clients or customers or (6) other categories of investors that we name in an amendment or supplement to this prospectus.

 

Class I Shares

 

No upfront selling commissions or shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee is paid for sales of any Class I shares.

 

Class I shares are generally available for purchase in this offering only (1) through fee-based programs, also known as wrap accounts, that provide access to Class I shares, (2) by institutional accounts as defined by FINRA Rule 4512(c), (3) through bank-sponsored collective trusts and bank-sponsored common trusts, (4) by retirement plans (including a trustee or custodian under any deferred compensation or pension or profit sharing plan or payroll deduction IRA established for the benefit of the employees of any company), foundations or endowments, (5) through certain financial intermediaries that are not otherwise registered with or as a broker-dealer and that direct clients to trade with a broker-dealer that offers Class I Shares, (6) through investment advisers registered under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 or applicable state law that are also registered with or as a broker-dealer, whose broker-dealer does not receive any compensation from the Fund or from the intermediary manager, (7) by the Fund’s officers and Trustees and their immediate family members, as well as officers and employees of Ares and their immediate family members, (8) by participating broker-dealers and their affiliates, including their officers, directors, employees and registered representatives, as well as the immediate family members of such persons, as defined by FINRA Rule 5130, (9) through bank trust departments or any other organization or person authorized to act as a fiduciary for its clients or customers, and (10) by any other categories of purchasers that we name in an amendment or supplement to this prospectus. In certain cases, where a holder of Class S or Class D shares exits a relationship with a participating broker for this offering and does not enter into a new relationship with a participating broker for this offering, such holder’s shares may be exchanged into an equivalent NAV amount of Class I shares.

 

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Other Terms of Common Shares

 

We will cease paying the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee on the Class S shares and Class D shares on the earlier to occur of the following: (i) a listing of Class I shares, (ii) our merger or consolidation with or into another entity, or the sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of our assets or (iii) the date following the completion of the primary portion of this offering on which, in the aggregate, underwriting compensation from all sources in connection with this offering, including the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee and other underwriting compensation, is equal to 10% of the gross proceeds from our primary offering. In addition, immediately before any liquidation, dissolution or winding up, each Class S share and Class D share will automatically convert into a number of Class I shares (including any fractional shares) with an equivalent NAV as such share.

 

Preferred Shares

 

This offering does not include an offering of preferred shares. However, under the terms of the Declaration of Trust, our Board of Trustees may authorize us to issue preferred shares in one or more classes or series without shareholder approval, to the extent permitted by the Investment Company Act. The Board of Trustees has the power to fix the preferences, conversion and other rights, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to dividends and other distributions, qualifications and terms and conditions of redemption of each class or series of preferred shares. We do not currently anticipate issuing preferred shares in the near future. In the event we issue preferred shares, we will make any required disclosure to shareholders. We will not offer preferred shares to our investment adviser or our affiliates except on the same terms as offered to all other shareholders.

 

Preferred shares could be issued with terms that would adversely affect the shareholders, provided that we may not issue any preferred shares that would limit or subordinate the voting rights of holders of our Common Shares. Preferred shares could also be used as an anti-takeover device through the issuance of shares of a class or series of preferred shares with terms and conditions which could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a transaction or a change in control. Every issuance of preferred shares will be required to comply with the requirements of the Investment Company Act. The Investment Company Act requires, among other things, that: (1) immediately after issuance and before any dividend or other distribution is made with respect to common shares and before any purchase of common shares is made, such preferred shares together with all other senior securities must not exceed an amount equal to 50% of our total assets after deducting the amount of such dividend, distribution or purchase price, as the case may be, and (2) the holders of shares of preferred shares, if any are issued, must be entitled as a class voting separately to elect two Trustees at all times and to elect a majority of the Trustees if distributions on such preferred shares are in arrears by two full years or more. Certain matters under the Investment Company Act require the affirmative vote of the holders of at least a majority of the outstanding shares of preferred shares (as determined in accordance with the Investment Company Act) voting together as a separate class. For example, the vote of such holders of preferred shares would be required to approve a proposal involving a plan of reorganization adversely affecting such securities.

 

The issuance of any preferred shares must be approved by a majority of our independent Trustees not otherwise interested in the transaction, who will have access, at our expense, to our legal counsel or to independent legal counsel.

 

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Limitation on Liability of Trustees and Officers; Indemnification and Advance of Expenses

 

Delaware law permits a Delaware statutory trust to include in its declaration of trust a provision to indemnify and hold harmless any trustee or beneficial owner or other person from and against any and all claims and demands whatsoever. Our Declaration of Trust provides that our Trustees will not be liable to us or our common shareholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a trustee to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law. Our Declaration of Trust provides for the indemnification of any person to the full extent permitted, and in the manner provided, by Delaware law. In accordance with the Investment Company Act, we will not indemnify certain persons for any liability to which such persons would be subject by reason of such person’s willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his office.

 

Pursuant to our Declaration of Trust and subject to certain exceptions described therein, we will indemnify and, without requiring a preliminary determination of the ultimate entitlement to indemnification, pay or reimburse reasonable expenses in advance of final disposition of a proceeding to (i) any individual who is a present or former Trustee or officer of the Fund and who is made or threatened to be made a party to the proceeding by reason of his or her service in that capacity or (ii) any individual who, while a Trustee or officer of the Fund and at the request of the Fund, serves or has served as a trustee, officer, partner or trustee of any corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise and who is made or threatened to be made a party to the proceeding by reason of his or her service in that capacity (each such person, an “Indemnitee”), in each case to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law. Notwithstanding the foregoing, we will not provide indemnification for any loss, liability or expense arising from or out of an alleged violation of federal or state securities laws by an Indemnitee unless (i) there has been a successful adjudication on the merits of each count involving alleged securities law violations, (ii) such claims have been dismissed with prejudice on the merits by a court of competent jurisdiction, or (iii) a court of competent jurisdiction approves a settlement of the claims against the Indemnitee and finds that indemnification of the settlement and the related costs should be made and the court considering the request for indemnification has been advised of the position of the SEC and of the published position of any state securities regulatory authority in which securities were offered or sold as to indemnification for violations of securities laws.

 

We will not indemnify an Indemnitee against any liability or loss suffered by such Indemnitee unless (i) the Indemnitee determines in good faith that the course of conduct that caused the loss or liability was in the best interest of the Fund, (ii) the Indemnitee was acting on behalf of or performing services for the Fund, (iii) such liability or loss was not the result of (A) negligence or misconduct, in the case that the party seeking indemnification is a Trustee (other than an independent Trustee), officer, employee, controlling person or agent of the Fund, or (B) gross negligence or willful misconduct, in the case that the party seeking indemnification is an independent Trustee, and (iv) such indemnification or agreement to hold harmless is recoverable only out of assets of the Fund and not from the shareholders.

 

In addition, the Declaration of Trust permits the Fund to advance reasonable expenses to an Indemnitee, and we will do so in advance of final disposition of a proceeding (a) if the proceeding relates to acts or omissions with respect to the performance of duties or services on behalf of the Fund, (b) the legal proceeding was initiated by a third party who is not a shareholder or, if by a shareholder of the Fund acting in his or her capacity as such, a court of competent jurisdiction approves such advancement and (c) upon the Fund’s receipt of (i) a written affirmation by the trustee or officer of his or her good faith belief that he or she has met the standard of conduct necessary for indemnification by the Fund and (ii) a written undertaking by him or her or on his or her behalf to repay the amount paid or reimbursed by the Fund, together with the applicable legal rate of interest thereon, if it is ultimately determined that the standard of conduct was not met.

 

In addition to the indemnification provided for in our Declaration of Trust, we have entered into indemnification agreements with each of our current Trustees and certain of our officers and with members of our investment adviser’s Investment Committee and we intend to enter into indemnification agreements with each of our future Trustees, members of our Investment Committee and certain of our officers. The indemnification agreements attempt to provide these Trustees, officers and other persons the maximum indemnification permitted under Delaware law and the Investment Company Act. The agreements provide, among other things, for the advancement of expenses and indemnification for liabilities that such person may incur by reason of his or her status as a present or former Trustee or officer or member of our investment adviser’s Investment Committee in any action or proceeding arising out of the performance of such person’s services as a present or former Trustee or officer or member of our investment adviser’s Investment Committee.

 

Delaware Law and Certain Declaration of Trust Provisions

 

Organization and Duration

 

We were formed in Delaware on March 15, 2022, and will remain in existence until dissolved in accordance with our Declaration of Trust or pursuant to Delaware law.

 

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Purpose

 

Under the Declaration of Trust, we are permitted to engage in any business activity that lawfully may be conducted by a statutory trust organized under Delaware law and, in connection therewith, to exercise all of the rights and powers conferred upon us pursuant to the agreements relating to such business activity.

 

Our Declaration of Trust contains provisions that could make it more difficult for a potential acquirer to acquire us by means of a tender offer, proxy contest or otherwise. Our Board of Trustees may, without shareholder action, authorize the issuance of shares in one or more classes or series, including preferred shares; our Board of Trustees may, without shareholder action, amend our Declaration of Trust to increase the number of our Common Shares, of any class or series, that we will have authority to issue; and our Declaration of Trust provides that, while we do not intend to list our Common Shares on any securities exchange, if any class of our Common Shares is listed on a national securities exchange, our Board of Trustees will be divided into three classes of Trustees serving staggered terms of three years each. These provisions are expected to discourage certain coercive takeover practices and inadequate takeover bids and to encourage persons seeking to acquire control of us to negotiate first with our Board of Trustees. We believe that the benefits of these provisions outweigh the potential disadvantages of discouraging any such acquisition proposals because, among other things, the negotiation of such proposals may improve their terms.

 

Sales and Leases to the Fund

 

Our Declaration of Trust provides that, unless otherwise permitted by the Investment Company Act or applicable guidance or exemptive relief of the SEC, except as otherwise permitted under the Investment Company Act, we may not purchase or lease assets in which our investment adviser or any of its affiliates have an interest unless all of the following conditions are met: (a) the transaction is fully disclosed to the shareholders in a prospectus or in a periodic report; and (b) the assets are sold or leased upon terms that are reasonable to us and at a price not to exceed the lesser of cost or fair market value as determined by an independent expert. However, our investment adviser may purchase assets in its own name (and assume loans in connection) and temporarily hold title, for the purposes of facilitating the acquisition of the assets, the borrowing of money, obtaining financing for us, or the completion of construction of the assets, so long as all of the following conditions are met: (i) the assets are purchased by us at a price no greater than the cost of the assets to our investment adviser; (ii) all income generated by, and the expenses associated with, the assets so acquired will be treated as belonging to us; and (iii) there are no other benefits arising out of such transaction to our investment adviser apart from compensation otherwise permitted by the Omnibus Guidelines, as adopted by the NASAA.

 

Sales and Leases to our Adviser, Trustees or Affiliates

 

Our Declaration of Trust provides that, unless otherwise permitted by the Investment Company Act or applicable guidance or exemptive relief of the SEC, we may not sell assets to our investment adviser or any of its affiliates unless such sale is approved by the holders of a majority of our outstanding Common Shares. Our Declaration of Trust also provides that we may not lease assets to our investment adviser, any trustee or any affiliate thereof unless all of the following conditions are met: (a) the transaction is fully disclosed to the shareholders in a prospectus or in a periodic report; and (b) the terms of the transaction are fair and reasonable to us.

 

Loans

 

Our Declaration of Trust provides that, unless otherwise permitted by the Investment Company Act or applicable guidance or exemptive relief of the SEC, except for the advancement of indemnification funds, no loans, credit facilities, credit agreements or otherwise may be made by us to our investment adviser or any of its affiliates.

 

Commissions on Financing, Refinancing or Reinvestment

 

Our Declaration of Trust provides that, unless otherwise permitted by the Investment Company Act or applicable guidance or exemptive relief of the SEC, we generally may not pay, directly or indirectly, a commission or fee to our investment adviser or any of its affiliates in connection with the reinvestment of cash available for distribution, available reserves, or the proceeds of the resale, exchange or refinancing of assets.

 

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Lending Practices

 

Our Declaration of Trust provides that, with respect to financing made available to us by our investment adviser, our investment adviser may not receive interest in excess of the lesser of our investment adviser’s cost of funds or the amounts that would be charged by unrelated lending institutions on comparable loans for the same purpose. Our investment adviser may not impose a prepayment charge or penalty in connection with such financing and our investment adviser may not receive points or other financing charges. In addition, our investment adviser is prohibited from providing financing to us with a term in excess of 12 months.

 

Number of Trustees; Vacancies; Removal

 

Our Declaration of Trust provides that the number of Trustees will be set by our Board of Trustees in accordance with our bylaws. Our bylaws provide that a majority of our entire Board of Trustees may at any time increase or decrease the number of Trustees. Our Declaration of Trust provides that the number of Trustees generally may not be less than one. Except as otherwise required by applicable requirements of the Investment Company Act and as may be provided by our Board of Trustees in setting the terms of any class or series of preferred shares, pursuant to an election under our Declaration of Trust, any and all vacancies on our Board of Trustees may be filled only by the affirmative vote of a majority of the remaining Trustees in office, even if the remaining Trustees do not constitute a quorum, and any Trustee elected to fill a vacancy will serve for the remainder of the full term of the Trustee for whom the vacancy occurred and until a successor is elected and qualified, subject to any applicable requirements of the Investment Company Act. Independent Trustees will nominate replacements for any vacancies among the independent Trustees’ positions.

 

Our Declaration of Trust provides that a Trustee may be removed (i) for cause by a majority of the remaining Trustees (or in the case of the removal of a Trustee that is not an interested person, a majority of the remaining Trustees that are not interested persons); or (ii) with or without cause upon a vote by the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares entitled to vote.

 

We have a total of seven members of our Board of Trustees, four of whom are independent Trustees. Our Declaration of Trust provides that a majority of our Board of Trustees must be independent Trustees except for a period of up to 60 days after the death, removal or resignation of an independent Trustee pending the election of his or her successor. Each Trustee will hold office until his or her successor is duly elected and qualified. While we do not intend to list our Common Shares on any securities exchange, if any class of our Common Shares is listed on a national securities exchange, our Board of Trustees will be divided into three classes of Trustees serving staggered terms of three years each.

 

Action by Shareholders

 

Our bylaws provide that shareholders will only have voting rights as required by the Investment Company Act or as otherwise provided for in the Declaration of Trust. Under our bylaws, the Fund is not required to hold annual meetings in any year in which the election of the trustees is not required to be held under the Investment Company Act. Special meetings may be called by a majority of the independent Trustees and our chief executive officer, and will be limited to the purposes for any such special meeting set forth in the notice thereof. These provisions will have the effect of significantly reducing the ability of shareholders being able to have proposals considered at a meeting of shareholders.

 

With respect to special meetings of shareholders, only the business specified in our notice of the meeting may be brought before the meeting. Nominations of persons for election to the Board of Trustees at a special meeting may be made only (1) pursuant to our notice of the meeting, (2) by the Board of Trustees or (3) provided that the Board of Trustees has determined that Trustees will be elected at the meeting, by a shareholder who is entitled to vote at the meeting and who has complied with the advance notice provisions of the Declaration of Trust.

 

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Our Declaration of Trust also provides that, subject to the provisions of any class or series of shares then outstanding and the mandatory provisions of any applicable laws or regulations or other provisions of the Declaration of Trust, the following actions may be taken by the shareholders, without concurrence by our Board of Trustees or our investment adviser, upon a vote by the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares entitled to vote to:

 

modify the Declaration of Trust;

 

  remove our investment adviser or appoint a new investment adviser;
     
  remove any Trustee with or without cause;

 

  dissolve the Fund; or
     
  sell all or substantially all of our assets other than in the ordinary course of business.

 

The purpose of requiring shareholders to give us advance notice of nominations and other business is to afford our Board of Trustees a meaningful opportunity to consider the qualifications of the proposed nominees and the advisability of any other proposed business and, to the extent deemed necessary or desirable by our Board of Trustees, to inform shareholders and make recommendations about such qualifications or business, as well as to provide a more orderly procedure for conducting meetings of shareholders. Although our Declaration of Trust does not give our Board of Trustees any power to disapprove shareholder nominations for the election of Trustees or proposals recommending certain action, they may have the effect of precluding a contest for the election of Trustees or the consideration of shareholder proposals if proper procedures are not followed and of discouraging or deterring a third party from conducting a solicitation of proxies to elect its own slate of trustees or to approve its own proposal without regard to whether consideration of such nominees or proposals might be harmful or beneficial to us and our common shareholders.

 

Our investment adviser may not, without the approval of a vote by the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares entitled to vote on such matters:

 

amend the investment advisory and management agreement except for amendments that would not adversely affect the rights of our common shareholders;

 

except as otherwise permitted under our investment advisory and management agreement, voluntarily withdraw as our investment adviser unless such withdrawal would not affect our tax status and would not materially adversely affect our common shareholders;

 

appoint a new investment adviser (other than a sub-adviser pursuant to the terms of our investment advisory and management agreement and applicable law);

 

sell all or substantially all of our assets other than in the ordinary course of business; or cause the merger or similar reorganization of the Fund.

 

Amendment of the Declaration of Trust and Bylaws

 

Except for certain provisions of our Declaration of Trust relating to shareholder voting and the removal of trustees, our Declaration of Trust provides that our Board of Trustees may amend our Declaration of Trust without any vote of our common shareholders. Our Declaration of Trust provides that our Board of Trustees has the exclusive power to adopt, alter or repeal any provision of our bylaws and to make new bylaws.

 

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Actions by the Board Related to Merger, Conversion, Reorganization or Dissolution

 

The Board of Trustees may, without the approval of holders of our outstanding shares, approve a merger, conversion, consolidation or other reorganization of the Fund, provided that the resulting entity is a business development company under the Investment Company Act. The Fund will not permit our investment adviser to cause any other form of merger or other reorganization of the Fund without the affirmative vote by the holders of more than fifty percent (50%) of the outstanding shares of the Fund entitled to vote on the matter. The Fund may be dissolved at any time, without the approval of holders of our outstanding shares, upon affirmative vote by a majority of the Trustees.

 

Unless otherwise expressly provided in our Declaration of Trust, in the event of any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Fund, whether voluntary or involuntary, the holders of all classes of Common Shares shall be entitled, after payment or provision for payment of the debts and other liabilities of the Fund (as such liability may affect one or more of the classes of Common Shares), to share ratably in the remaining net assets of the Fund.

 

Derivative Actions

 

No person, other than a Trustee, who is not a shareholder shall be entitled to bring any derivative action, suit or other proceeding on behalf of the Fund. No shareholder may maintain a derivative action on behalf of the Fund unless holders of at least ten percent (10%) of the outstanding shares join in the bringing of such action. The immediately preceding sentence does not apply to claims arising under federal or state securities laws.

 

In addition to the requirements set forth in Section 3816 of the Delaware Statutory Trust Statute, a shareholder may bring a derivative action on behalf of the Fund only if the following conditions are met: (i) the shareholder or shareholders must make a pre-suit demand upon the Board of Trustees to bring the subject action unless an effort to cause the Board of Trustees to bring such an action is not likely to succeed; and a demand on the Board of Trustees shall only be deemed not likely to succeed and therefore excused if a majority of the Board of Trustees, or a majority of any committee established to consider the merits of such action, is composed of Board of Trustees who are not “independent Trustees” (as that term is defined in the Delaware Statutory Trust Statute); and (ii) unless a demand is not required under clause (i) above, the Board of Trustees must be afforded a reasonable amount of time to consider such shareholder request and to investigate the basis of such claim; and the Board of Trustees shall be entitled to retain counsel or other advisors in considering the merits of the request and, except for claims arising under federal or state securities laws, may require an undertaking by the shareholders making such request to reimburse the Fund for the expense of any such advisors in the event that the Board of Trustees determine not to bring such action. Clause (i), above, does not apply to claims arising under federal or state securities laws. For purposes of this paragraph, the Board of Trustees may designate a committee of one or more Trustees to consider a shareholder demand.

 

Direct Actions

 

To the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law, the shareholders’ right to bring direct actions against the Fund and/or its Trustees is eliminated, except for a direct action to enforce an individual shareholder right to vote or a direct action to enforce an individual shareholder’s rights under Sections 3805(e) or 3819 of the Statutory Trust Act.

 

To the extent such right cannot be eliminated to this extent as a matter of Delaware law, then in addition to the requirements set forth in Section 3816 of the Delaware Statutory Trust Statute, a shareholder may only bring a direct action against the Fund or its Trustees if the following conditions are met: (i) the shareholder or shareholders must make a pre-suit demand upon the Trustees to bring the subject action unless an effort to cause the Trustees to bring such an action is not likely to succeed; and a demand on the Trustees shall only be deemed not likely to succeed and therefore excused if a majority of the Trustees, or a majority of any committee established to consider the merits of such action, is composed of Trustees who are not “independent Trustees” (as that term is defined in the Delaware Statutory Trust Statute); and (ii) unless a demand is not required under clause (i) of this paragraph, the Trustees must be afforded a reasonable amount of time to consider such shareholder request and to investigate the basis of such claim; and the Trustees shall be entitled to retain counsel or other advisors in considering the merits of the request and, except for claims arising under federal or state securities laws, may require an undertaking by the shareholders making such request to reimburse the Fund for the expense of any such advisors in the event that the Trustees determine not to bring such action. Clause (b)(i) of this paragraph shall not apply to claims arising under federal or state securities laws.

 

Exclusive Delaware Jurisdiction

 

Each Trustee, each officer, each shareholder and each other person legally or beneficially owning a share or an interest in a share of the Fund (whether through a broker, dealer, bank, trust company or clearing corporation or an agent of any of the foregoing or otherwise), to the fullest extent permitted by law, including Section 3804(e) of the Delaware Statutory Trust Statute, (i) irrevocably agrees that any claims, suits, actions or proceedings asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs (or similar) doctrine or arising out of or relating in any way to the Fund, the Delaware Statutory Trust Statute, the Declaration of Trust, or the bylaws or asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs (or similar) doctrine (including, without limitation, any claims, suits, actions or proceedings to interpret, apply or enforce (A) the provisions of the Declaration of Trust or bylaws, (B) the duties (including fiduciary duties), obligations or liabilities of the Fund to the shareholders or the Board of Trustees, or of officers or the Board of Trustees to the Fund, to the shareholders or each other, (C) the rights or powers of, or restrictions on, the Fund, the officers, the Board of Trustees or the shareholders, (D) any provision of the Delaware Statutory Trust Statute or other laws of the State of Delaware pertaining to trusts made applicable to the Fund pursuant to Section 3809 of the Delaware Statutory Trust Statute, (E) any other instrument, document, agreement or certificate contemplated by any provision of the Delaware Statutory Trust Statute, the Declaration of Trust or the bylaws relating in any way to the Fund or (F) the federal securities laws of the United States, including, without limitation, the Investment Company Act, or the securities or antifraud laws of any international, national, state, provincial, territorial, local or other governmental or regulatory authority, including, in each case, the applicable rules and regulations promulgated thereunder (regardless, in each case, of whether such claims, suits, actions or proceedings (x) sound in contract, tort, fraud or otherwise, (y) are based on common law, statutory, equitable, legal or other grounds or (z) are derivative or direct claims)), shall be exclusively brought in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware or, if such court does not have subject matter jurisdiction thereof, any other court in the State of Delaware with subject matter jurisdiction, (ii) irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of such courts in connection with any such claim, suit, action or proceeding, (iii) irrevocably agrees not to, and waives any right to, assert in any such claim, suit, action or proceeding that (A) it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of such courts or any other court to which proceedings in such courts may be appealed, (B) such claim, suit, action or proceeding is brought in an inconvenient forum or (C) the venue of such claim, suit, action or proceeding is improper, (iv) consents to process being served in any such claim, suit, action or proceeding by mailing, certified mail, return receipt requested, a copy thereof to such party at the address in effect for notices hereunder, and agrees that such service shall constitute good and sufficient service of process and notice thereof; provided, nothing in clause (iv) hereof shall affect or limit any right to serve process in any other manner permitted by law and (v) irrevocably waives any and all right to trial by jury in any such claim, suit, action or proceeding. The limitations set forth in this paragraph do not apply to claims arising under federal or state securities laws.

 

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Restrictions on Roll-Up Transactions

 

In connection with a proposed “roll-up transaction,” which, in general terms, is any transaction involving the acquisition, merger, conversion or consolidation, directly or indirectly, of us and the issuance of securities of an entity that would be created or would survive after the successful completion of the roll-up transaction, we will obtain an appraisal of all of our properties from an independent expert. In order to qualify as an independent expert for this purpose, the person or entity must have no material current or prior business or personal relationship with us and must be engaged to a substantial extent in the business of rendering opinions regarding the value of assets of the type held by us, who is qualified to perform such work. In connection with a roll-up transaction, our assets will be appraised on a consistent basis, and the appraisal will be based on the evaluation of all relevant information and will indicate the value of our assets as of a date immediately prior to the announcement of the proposed roll-up transaction. The appraisal will assume an orderly liquidation of our assets over a 12-month period. The terms of the engagement of such independent expert will clearly state that the engagement is for our benefit and the benefit of our common shareholders. We will include a summary of the appraisal, indicating all material assumptions underlying the appraisal, in a report to the shareholders in connection with the proposed roll-up transaction. If the appraisal or a fairness opinion with respect to the appraisal will be included in a prospectus used to offer the securities of the roll-up entity, the appraisal and such fairness opinion will be filed with the SEC and the states as an exhibit to the registration statement for the offering.

 

In connection with a proposed roll-up transaction, the person sponsoring the roll-up transaction must offer to the shareholders who vote against the proposal a choice of:

 

accepting the securities of the entity that would be created or would survive after the successful completion of the roll-up transaction offered in the proposed roll-up transaction; or one of the following:

 

remaining as shareholders and preserving their interests in us on the same terms and conditions as existed previously; or

 

receiving cash in an amount equal to their pro rata share of the appraised value of our net assets.

 

We are prohibited from participating in any proposed roll-up transaction:

 

which would result in shareholders having voting rights in the entity that would be created or would survive after the successful completion of the roll-up transaction that are less than those provided in the charter, including rights with respect to the election and removal of directors, annual and special meetings, amendments to the charter and our dissolution;

 

which includes provisions that would operate as a material impediment to, or frustration of, the accumulation of Common Shares by any purchaser of the securities of the entity that would be created or would survive after the successful completion of the roll-up transaction, except to the minimum extent necessary to preserve the tax status of such entity, or which would limit the ability of an investor to exercise the voting rights of its securities of the entity that would be created or would survive after the successful completion of the roll-up transaction on the basis of the number of shares held by that investor;

 

in which shareholders’ rights to access to records of the entity that would be created or would survive after the successful completion of the roll-up transaction will be less than those provided in the charter; or

 

in which we would bear any of the costs of the roll-up transaction if the shareholders reject the roll-up transaction; or unless the organizational documents of the entity that would survive the roll-up transaction provide that neither its adviser nor its dealer-manager may vote or consent on matters submitted to its shareholders regarding the removal of its adviser or any transaction between it and its adviser or any of its affiliates.

 

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Access to Records

 

Any common shareholder is and will be permitted access to all of our records to which they are entitled under applicable law at all reasonable times and may inspect and copy any of them for a reasonable copying charge. Inspection of our records by the office or agency administering the securities laws of a jurisdiction will be provided upon reasonable notice and during normal business hours. An alphabetical list of the names, addresses and telephone numbers of our common shareholders, along with the number of Common Shares held by each of them, is maintained as part of our books and records and will be available for inspection by any common shareholder or the shareholder’s designated agent at our office. The shareholder list is updated at least quarterly to reflect changes in the information contained therein. A copy of the list will be mailed to any common shareholder who requests the list within ten days of the request. A shareholder may request a copy of the shareholder list for any proper and legitimate purpose, including, without limitation, in connection with matters relating to voting rights and the exercise of shareholder rights under federal proxy laws. A shareholder requesting a list will be required to pay reasonable costs of postage and duplication.

 

A shareholder may also request access to any other corporate records. If a proper request for the shareholder list or any other corporate records is not honored, then the requesting shareholder will be entitled to recover certain costs incurred in compelling the production of the list or other requested corporate records as well as actual damages suffered by reason of the refusal or failure to produce the list. However, a shareholder will not have the right to, and we may require a requesting shareholder to represent that it will not, secure the shareholder list or other information for the purpose of selling or using the list for a commercial purpose not related to the requesting shareholder’s interest in our affairs. We may also require that such shareholder sign a confidentiality agreement in connection with the request.

 

Reports to Shareholders

 

Within 60 days after each fiscal quarter, we will distribute our quarterly report on Form 10-Q to all shareholders of record. In addition, we will distribute our annual report on Form 10-K to all shareholders within 120 days after the end of each calendar year, which must contain, among other things, a breakdown of the expenses reimbursed by us to our investment adviser. These reports will also be available on our website at https://areswmsresources.com/investment-solutions/asif/ and on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. Information contained on our website is not incorporated by reference into this prospectus, and you should not consider that information to be part of this prospectus.

 

Subject to availability, you may authorize us to provide prospectuses, prospectus supplements, annual reports and other information, or documents, electronically by so indicating on your subscription agreement, or by sending us instructions in writing in a form acceptable to us to receive such documents electronically. Unless you elect in writing to receive documents electronically, all documents will be provided in paper form by mail. You must have internet access to use electronic delivery. While we impose no additional charge for this service, there may be potential costs associated with electronic delivery, such as on-line charges. Documents will be available on our website. You may access and print all documents provided through this service. As documents become available, we will notify you of this by sending you an e-mail message that will include instructions on how to retrieve the document. If our e-mail notification is returned to us as “undeliverable,” we will contact you to obtain your updated e-mail address. If we are unable to obtain a valid e-mail address for you, we will resume sending a paper copy by regular U.S. mail to your address of record. You may revoke your consent for electronic delivery at any time and we will resume sending you a paper copy of all required documents. However, in order for us to be properly notified, your revocation must be given to us a reasonable time before electronic delivery has commenced. We will provide you with paper copies at any time upon request. Such request will not constitute revocation of your consent to receive required documents electronically.

 

Conflict with the Investment Company Act

 

Our Declaration of Trust provide that, if and to the extent that any provision of Delaware law, or any provision of our Declaration of Trust conflicts with any provision of the Investment Company Act, the applicable provision of the Investment Company Act will control.

 

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DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE

 

The NAV per share for each class of our outstanding shares of Common Shares is determined monthly by dividing the value of the total assets attributable to the class minus the liabilities attributable to the class by the total number of Common Shares outstanding of the class at the date as of which the determination is made. In calculating the value of our total assets, we take the following approach.

 

Investments

 

We value our investments in accordance with Section 2(a)(41) of the Investment Company Act and Rule 2a-5 thereunder, which sets forth requirements for determining fair value in good faith. Pursuant to Rule 2a-5 of the Investment Company Act, our Board of Trustees has designated our investment adviser as its “valuation designee” to perform fair value determinations for investments held by us without readily available market quotations. Investments for which market quotations are readily available are typically valued at such market quotations. In order to validate market quotations, the Fund looks at a number of factors to determine if the quotations are representative of fair value, including the source and nature of the quotations. Debt and equity investments that are not publicly traded or whose market prices are not readily available are valued at fair value as determined in good faith by the Fund’s investment adviser, subject to the Board's oversight, based on, among other things, the input of the Fund’s independent third-party valuation firms that have been engaged to support the valuation of such portfolio investments at least once during a trailing 12-month period (with certain de minimis exceptions) and under a valuation policy and a consistently applied valuation process.

 

Investment transactions are recorded on the trade date. Realized gains or losses are measured by the difference between the net proceeds from the repayment or sale and the amortized cost basis of the investment using the specific identification method without regard to unrealized gains or losses previously recognized, and include investments charged off during the period, net of recoveries. Unrealized gains or losses primarily reflect the change in investment values, including the reversal of previously recorded unrealized gains or losses when gains or losses are realized.

 

Investments for which market quotations are readily available are typically valued at such market quotations. In order to validate market quotations, the Fund looks at a number of factors to determine if the quotations are representative of fair value, including the source and nature of the quotations. Debt and equity securities that are not publicly traded or whose market prices are not readily available (i.e., substantially all of the Fund’s investments) are valued at fair value as determined in good faith by our investment adviser, as valuation designee, in accordance with our investment adviser’s valuation policy and procedures. In addition, the Fund’s independent registered public accounting firm obtains an understanding of, and performs select procedures relating to, the Fund’s investment valuation process within the context of performing the integrated audit.

 

As part of the valuation process for investments that do not have readily available market prices, the investment adviser may take into account the following types of factors, if relevant, in determining the fair value of the Funds investments: the enterprise value of a portfolio company (the entire value of the portfolio company to a market participant, including the sum of the values of debt and equity securities used to capitalize the enterprise at a point in time), the nature and realizable value of any collateral, the portfolio companys ability to make payments and its earnings and discounted cash flow, the markets in which the portfolio company does business, a comparison of the portfolio companys securities to any similar publicly traded securities, changes in the interest rate environment and the credit markets, which may affect the price at which similar investments would trade in their principal markets and other relevant factors. When an external event such as a purchase transaction, public offering or subsequent sale occurs, the investment adviser considers the pricing indicated by the external event to corroborate its valuation.

 

Due to the inherent uncertainty of determining the fair value of investments that do not have a readily available market value, the fair value of the Fund’s investments may fluctuate from period to period. Additionally, the fair value of the Fund’s investments may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had a ready market existed for such investments and may differ materially from the values that the Fund may ultimately realize. Further, such investments are generally subject to legal and other restrictions on resale or otherwise are less liquid than publicly traded securities. If the Fund was required to liquidate a portfolio investment in a forced or liquidation sale, the Fund could realize significantly less than the value at which the Fund has recorded it. In addition, changes in the market environment and other events that may occur over the life of the investments may cause the gains or losses ultimately realized on these investments to be different than the unrealized gains or losses reflected in the valuations currently assigned. All investments are recorded at their fair value.

 

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

 

Investments held by the Fund are valued in accordance with Section (2)(a)(41) of the Investment Company Act and Rule 2a-5 thereunder, and the provisions of ASC 820-10, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (“ASC 820-10”), which among other matters, requires enhanced disclosures about investments that are measured and reported at fair value. ASC 820-10 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in accordance with GAAP and expands disclosure of fair value measurements. ASC 820-10 determines fair value to be the price that would be received for an investment in a current sale, which assumes an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. ASC 820-10 requires the Fund to assume that the portfolio investment is sold in its principal market to market participants or, in the absence of a principal market, the most advantageous market, which may be a hypothetical market. Market participants are defined as buyers and sellers in the principal or most advantageous market that are independent, knowledgeable, and willing and able to transact. In accordance with ASC 820-10, the Fund has considered its principal market as the market in which the Fund exits its portfolio investments with the greatest volume and level of activity. ASC 820-10 specifies a hierarchy of valuation techniques based on whether the inputs to those valuation techniques are observable or unobservable. In accordance with ASC 820-10, these inputs are summarized in the three broad levels listed below:

 

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Level 1—Valuations based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Fund has the ability to access.

 

Level 2—Valuations based on quoted prices in markets that are not active or for which all significant inputs are observable, either directly or indirectly.

 

Level 3—Valuations based on inputs that are unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement.

 

In addition to using the above inputs in investment valuations, the Fund’s investment adviser, as valuation designee, employs its valuation policy and procedures that are consistent with the provisions of Rule 2a-5 and ASC 820-10. The Fund’s investment adviser will evaluate the source of inputs, including any markets in which the Fund’s investments are trading (or any markets in which securities with similar attributes are trading), in determining fair value. Where there may not be a readily available market value for the investments in the Fund’s portfolio, the fair value of the investments may be determined using unobservable inputs.

 

The assets and liabilities classified as Level 1 or Level 2 are typically valued based on quoted market prices, forward foreign exchange rates, dealer quotations or alternative pricing sources supported by observable inputs. The Fund’s investment adviser will obtain prices from independent pricing services which generally utilize broker quotes and may use various other pricing techniques which take into account appropriate factors such as yield, quality, coupon rate, maturity, type of issue, trading characteristics and other data. The Fund’s investment adviser is responsible for all inputs and assumptions related to the pricing of securities. The Fund’s investment adviser has internal controls in place that support its reliance on information received from third-party pricing sources. As part of its internal controls, the Fund’s investment adviser obtains, reviews, and tests information to corroborate prices received from third-party pricing sources. For any security, if market or dealer quotations are not readily available, or if the Fund’s investment adviser determines that a quotation of a security does not represent a fair value, then the security is valued at a fair value as determined in good faith by the Fund’s investment adviser and will be classified as Level 3. In such instances, the Fund’s investment adviser will use valuation techniques consistent with the market or income approach to measure fair value and will give consideration to all factors which might reasonably affect the fair value.

 

The investments classified as Level 3 (other than as described below in the following paragraph) are typically valued using two different valuation techniques. The first valuation technique is an analysis of the enterprise value (“EV”) of the portfolio company. Enterprise value means the entire value of the portfolio company to a market participant, including the sum of the values of debt and equity securities used to capitalize the enterprise at a point in time. The primary method for determining EV uses a multiple analysis whereby appropriate multiples are applied to the portfolio companys EBITDA (generally defined as net income before net interest expense, income tax expense, depreciation and amortization). EBITDA multiples are typically determined based upon review of market comparable transactions and publicly traded comparable companies, if any. The Fund’s investment adviser may also employ other valuation multiples to determine EV, such as revenues. The Fund’s investment adviser may also use industry specific valuation analyses to determine enterprise value, such as capitalization rate analysis used in the real estate industry. The second method for determining EV uses a discounted cash flow analysis whereby future expected cash flows of the portfolio company are discounted to determine a present value using estimated discount rates (typically a weighted average cost of capital based on costs of debt and equity consistent with current market conditions). The EV analysis is performed to determine the value of equity investments, the value of debt investments in portfolio companies where the Fund has control or could gain control through an option or warrant security, and to determine if there is credit impairment for debt investments. If debt investments are credit impaired, an EV analysis may be used to value such debt investments; however, in addition to the methods outlined above, other methods such as a liquidation or wind down analysis may be utilized to estimate enterprise value. The second valuation technique is a yield analysis, which is typically performed for non-credit impaired debt investments in portfolio companies where the Fund does not own a controlling equity position. To determine fair value using a yield analysis, a current price is imputed for the investment based upon an assessment of the expected market yield for a similarly structured investment with a similar level of risk. In the yield analysis, the Fund’s investment adviser considers the current contractual interest rate, the maturity and other terms of the investment relative to risk of the company and the specific investment. A key determinant of risk, among other things, is the leverage through the investment relative to the enterprise value of the portfolio company. As debt investments held by the Fund are substantially illiquid with no active transaction market, the Fund’s investment adviser depends on primary market data, including newly funded transactions, as well as secondary market data with respect to high yield debt investments and broadly syndicated loans, as inputs in determining the appropriate market yield, as applicable.

 

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The fair value of CLOs is estimated based on various valuation models from third-party pricing services. The provided prices are checked using internally developed models. The valuation models generally utilize discounted cash flows and take into consideration prepayment and loss assumptions, based on historical experience and projected performance, economic factors, the characteristics and condition of the underlying collateral, comparable yields for similar securities and recent trading activity. These securities are classified as Level 3.

 

Private asset-backed securities classified as Level 3 are typically valued using two different valuation techniques. The first valuation technique is an analysis of the forecasted cash flows of the security. The forecasted cash flows take into consideration prepayment and loss assumptions, based on historical experience and projected performance, economic factors, and the characteristics and condition of the underlying collateral. For equity securities, the projected cash flows are present valued using a market discount rate to determine the fair value. For debt securities, the analysis is used to determine if the borrower has the ability to repay its obligations. If it is determined that the borrower does have the ability to repay its obligations, the second valuation technique that is utilized is a yield analysis. To determine fair value using a yield analysis, a current price is imputed for the investment based upon an assessment of the expected market yield for a similarly structured investment with a similar level of risk. In the yield analysis, the Fund’s investment adviser considers the current contractual interest rate, the maturity and other terms of the investment relative to risk of the borrower and the specific investment. As the debt investments are substantially illiquid with no active transaction market, the Fund depends on primary market data, including newly funded transactions, as inputs in determining the appropriate market yield, as applicable.

 

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PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

 

General

 

We are offering a maximum of $5,000,000,000 in Common Shares pursuant to this prospectus on a “best efforts” basis through Ares Wealth Management Solutions, LLC, our intermediary manager and a registered broker affiliated with our investment adviser. Because this is a “best efforts” offering, the intermediary manager must only use its best efforts to sell the shares, which means that no underwriter, broker or other person will be obligated to purchase any shares. The intermediary manager is headquartered at 518 17th Street, 12th Floor, Denver, CO 80202.

 

The shares are being offered on a “best efforts” basis, which means generally that the intermediary manager is required to use only its best efforts to sell the shares and it has no firm commitment or obligation to purchase any of the shares. The Fund intends that the Common Shares offered pursuant to this prospectus will not be listed on any national securities exchange, and neither the intermediary manager nor the participating brokers intend to act as market-makers with respect to our Common Shares. Because no public market exists nor is expected for the shares, shareholders will likely have limited ability to sell their shares until, if and when there is a liquidity event for the Fund.

 

We have submitted an application to the SEC for an exemptive order to permit us to offer multiple classes of our Common Shares. Until an exemptive order satisfactory to us and the SEC is granted, we will only offer and issue Class I shares and will not offer or issue Class S or Class D shares. There can be no assurance the SEC will grant us such relief that is acceptable to us and the SEC.

 

Subject to the receipt of exemptive relief from the SEC, we intend to offer to the public three classes of Common Shares: Class S shares, Class D shares and Class I shares. We intend to offer to sell any combination of share classes with a dollar value up to the maximum offering amount. All investors must meet the suitability standards discussed in the section of this prospectus entitled “Suitability Standards.” The share classes have different ongoing shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees.

 

Class S shares are available through brokerage and transactional-based accounts. Class D shares are generally available for purchase in this offering only (1) through fee-based programs, also known as wrap accounts, that provide access to Class D shares, (2) through participating broker-dealers that have alternative fee arrangements with their clients to provide access to Class D shares, (3) through transaction/brokerage platforms at participating broker-dealers, (4) through investment advisers registered under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 or applicable state law that are also registered with or as a broker-dealer, (5) through bank trust departments or any other organization or person authorized to act in a fiduciary capacity for its clients or customers or (6) other categories of investors that we name in an amendment or supplement to this prospectus. Class I shares are generally available for purchase in this offering only (1) through fee-based programs, also known as wrap accounts, that provide access to Class I shares, (2) by institutional accounts as defined by FINRA Rule 4512(c), (3) through bank-sponsored collective trusts and bank-sponsored common trusts, (4) by retirement plans (including a trustee or custodian under any deferred compensation or pension or profit sharing plan or payroll deduction IRA established for the benefit of the employees of any company), foundations or endowments, (5) through certain financial intermediaries that are not otherwise registered with or as a broker-dealer and that direct clients to trade with a broker-dealer that offers Class I Shares, (6) through investment advisers registered under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 or applicable state law that are also registered with or as a broker-dealer, whose broker-dealer does not receive any compensation from the Fund or from the intermediary manager, (7) by the Fund’s officers and Trustees and their immediate family members, as well as officers and employees of Ares and their immediate family members, (8) by participating broker-dealers and their affiliates, including their officers, directors, employees and registered representatives, as well as the immediate family members of such persons, as defined by FINRA Rule 5130, (9) through bank trust departments or any other organization or person authorized to act as a fiduciary for its clients or customers, and (10) by any other categories of purchasers that we name in an amendment or supplement to this prospectus. In certain cases, where a holder of Class S or Class D shares exits a relationship with a participating broker for this offering and does not enter into a new relationship with a participating broker for this offering, such holder’s shares may be exchanged into an equivalent NAV amount of Class I shares. We may also offer Class I shares to certain feeder vehicles primarily created to hold our Class I shares, which in turn offer interests in themselves to investors; we expect to conduct such offerings pursuant to exceptions to registration under the Securities Act and not as a part of this offering. Such feeder vehicles may have additional costs and expenses, which would be disclosed in connection with the offering of their interests. We may also offer Class I shares to other investment vehicles. The minimum initial investment in this offering for Class I shares is $1,000,000, unless waived by the intermediary manager. If you are eligible to purchase all three classes of shares, then in most cases you should purchase Class I shares because participating brokers will not charge brokerage commissions on Class I shares and Class I shares have no shareholder servicing or distribution fee, which will reduce the NAV or distributions of the other share classes. However, Class I shares will not receive shareholder services. Before making your investment decision, please consult with your investment adviser regarding your account type and the classes of Common Shares you may be eligible to purchase. Neither the intermediary manager nor its affiliates will directly or indirectly compensate any person engaged as an investment advisor or bank trust department by a potential investor as an inducement for such investment advisor or bank trust department to advise favorably for an investment in us.

 

The number of shares we have registered pursuant to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part is the number that we reasonably expect to be offered and sold within two years from the initial effective date of the registration statement. Under applicable SEC rules, we may extend this offering one additional year if all of the shares we have registered are not yet sold within two years. With the filing of a registration statement for a subsequent offering, we may also be able to extend this offering beyond three years until the follow-on registration statement is declared effective. Pursuant to this prospectus, we are offering to the public all of the shares that we have registered. Although we have registered a fixed dollar amount of our Common Shares, we intend effectively to conduct a continuous offering of an unlimited number of Common Shares over an unlimited time period by filing a new registration statement prior to the end of the three-year period described in Rule 415. In such a circumstance, the issuer may also choose to enlarge the continuous offering by including on such new registration statement a further amount of securities, in addition to any unsold securities covered by the earlier registration statement.

 

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This offering must be registered in every state in which we offer or sell shares. Generally, such registrations are for a period of one year. Thus, we may have to stop selling shares in any state in which our registration is not renewed or otherwise extended annually. We reserve the right to terminate this offering at any time and to extend our offering term to the extent permissible under applicable law.

 

Purchase Price

 

Shares will be sold at the then-current NAV per share, as described in “Determination of Net Asset Value.” Each class of shares may have a different NAV per share because shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees differ with respect to each class.

 

Underwriting Compensation

 

We entered into an Intermediary Manager Agreement with the intermediary manager, pursuant to which the intermediary manager agreed to, among other things, manage our relationships with third-party brokers engaged by the intermediary manager to participate in the distribution of Common Shares, which we refer to as “participating brokers,” and financial advisors. The intermediary manager also coordinates our marketing and distribution efforts with participating brokers and their registered representatives with respect to communications related to the terms of the offering, our investment strategies, material aspects of our operations and subscription procedures. We will not pay referral or similar fees to any accountants, attorneys or other persons in connection with the distribution of our Common Shares.

 

Upfront Sales Loads

 

Class S, Class D and Class I Shares. No upfront sales load will be paid with respect to Class S shares, Class D shares or Class I shares. However, if you buy Class S shares or Class D shares through certain selling agents, they may directly charge you transaction or other fees, including upfront placement fees or brokerage commissions, in such amount as they may determine, provided that selling agents limit such charges to a 3.5% cap on NAV for Class S shares and 1.5% cap on NAV for Class D shares. Selling agents will not charge such fees on Class I shares.

 

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Shareholder Servicing and/or Distribution Fees — Class S, Class D and Class I

 

The following table shows the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees we pay the intermediary manager with respect to the Class S, Class D and Class I on an annualized basis as a percentage of our NAV for such class. The shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees will be paid monthly in arrears, calculated using the NAV of the applicable class as of the beginning of the first calendar day of the month.

 

   Shareholder
Servicing and/or
Distribution Fee as a
% of NAV
 
Class S shares    0.85%
Class D shares    0.25%
Class I shares    %

 

Subject to FINRA and other limitations on underwriting compensation described in “—Limitations on Underwriting Compensation” below, we and, ultimately, certain classes of our common shareholders, will pay a shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee equal to 0.85% per annum of the aggregate NAV for the Class S shares and a shareholder and a shareholder servicing fee equal to 0.25% per annum of the aggregate NAV for the Class D shares, in each case, payable monthly. No shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee will be paid with respect to the Class I shares.

 

The shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees will be paid monthly in arrears. The intermediary manager will reallow (pay) all or a portion of the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees to participating brokers and servicing brokers for ongoing shareholder services performed by such brokers. Because the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees with respect to Class S shares and Class D shares are calculated based on the aggregate NAV for all of the outstanding shares of each such class, it reduces the NAV with respect to all shares of each such class, including shares issued under our distribution reinvestment plan.

 

Eligibility to receive the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee is conditioned on a broker providing the following ongoing services with respect to the Class S or Class D shares: assistance with recordkeeping, answering investor inquiries regarding us, including regarding distribution payments and reinvestments, helping investors understand their investments upon their request, and assistance with share repurchase requests. The shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees are ongoing fees that are not paid at the time of purchase. Because the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees are paid out of other Fund’s assets on an ongoing basis, over time these fees will increase the cost of a shareholder’s investment and may cost the shareholder more than paying other types of sales charges.

 

Other Compensation

 

We or our investment adviser may also pay directly, or reimburse the intermediary manager if the intermediary manager pays on our behalf, any organization and offering expenses (other than any upfront selling commissions and shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees).

 

Limitations on Underwriting Compensation

 

We will cease paying the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee on the Class S shares and Class D shares on the earlier to occur of the following: (i) a listing of Class I shares, (ii) our merger or consolidation with or into another entity, or the sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of our assets or (iii) the date following the completion of the primary portion of this offering on which, in the aggregate, underwriting compensation from all sources in connection with this offering, including the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee and other underwriting compensation, is equal to 10% of the gross proceeds from our primary offering.

 

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This offering is being made in compliance with FINRA Rule 2310. Under the rules of FINRA, all items of underwriting compensation, including any upfront selling commissions, intermediary manager fees, reimbursement fees for bona fide due diligence expenses, training and education expenses, non-transaction based compensation paid to registered persons associated with the intermediary manager in connection with the wholesaling of our offering and all other forms of underwriting compensation, will not exceed 10% of the gross offering proceeds (excluding shares purchased through our distribution reinvestment plan).

 

Term of the Intermediary Manager Agreement

 

Either party may terminate the Intermediary Manager Agreement upon 60 days’ written notice to the other party or immediately upon notice to the other party in the event such other party failed to comply with a material provision of the Intermediary Manager Agreement. Our obligations under the Intermediary Manager Agreement to pay the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees with respect to the Class S and Class D shares distributed in this offering as described therein shall survive termination of the agreement until such shares are no longer outstanding.

 

Indemnification of Participating Brokers and the Intermediary Manager

 

To the extent permitted by Delaware law, Sections 17(h) and 17(i) of the Investment Company Act and Article VII of our charter, we will indemnify the participating brokers and the intermediary manager against some civil liabilities. Pursuant to the Intermediary Manager Agreement, the Fund will indemnify participating brokers and the intermediary manager against certain liabilities under the Securities Act and liabilities arising from an untrue statement of material fact contained in, or omission to state a material fact in, this prospectus or the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, blue sky applications or approved sales literature. Participating brokers and the intermediary manager will not be indemnified for any liability to which they would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence in the performance of their duties, or by reason of their reckless disregard of their obligations and duties under the Intermediary Manager Agreement.

 

Supplemental Sales Material

 

In addition to this prospectus, we will use sales material in connection with the offering of shares, although only when accompanied by or preceded by the delivery of this prospectus. Some or all of the sales material may not be available in certain jurisdictions. This sales material may include information relating to this offering, the past performance of our investment adviser and its affiliates, property brochures and articles and publications concerning real estate. In addition, the sales material may contain quotes from various publications without obtaining the consent of the author or the publication for use of the quoted material in the sales material.

 

We are offering shares only by means of this prospectus. Although the information contained in the sales material will not conflict with any of the information contained in this prospectus, the sales material does not purport to be complete and should not be considered as a part of this prospectus or the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, or as incorporated by reference in this prospectus or the registration statement, or as forming the basis of the offering of the Common Shares.

 

Share Distribution Channels and Special Discounts

 

We expect our intermediary manager to use multiple distribution channels to sell our Common Shares. These channels may charge different brokerage fees for purchases of our Common Shares. Our intermediary manager is expected to engage participating brokers in connection with the sale of the shares of this offering in accordance with participating broker agreements.

 

Notice to Prospective Investors in the Cayman Islands

 

This is not an offer to the public in the Cayman Islands to subscribe for interests, and applications originating from the Cayman Islands will only be accepted from Cayman Islands exempted companies, trusts registered as exempted in the Cayman Islands, Cayman Islands exempted limited partnerships, or companies incorporated in other jurisdictions and registered as foreign corporations in the Cayman Islands or limited partnerships formed in other jurisdictions and registered as foreign limited partnerships in the Cayman Islands.

  

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HOW TO SUBSCRIBE

 

You may buy or request that we repurchase Common Shares through your financial advisor, a participating broker or other financial intermediary that has a selling agreement with the intermediary manager. Because an investment in our Common Shares involves many considerations, your financial advisor or other financial intermediary may help you with this decision. Due to the illiquid nature of investments in originated loans, our Common Shares are only suitable as a long-term investment. Because there is no public market for our Common Shares, shareholders may have difficulty selling their shares if we choose to repurchase only some, or even none, of the shares in a particular quarter, or if our Board of Trustees modifies, suspends or terminates share repurchase program.

 

Investors who meet the suitability standards described herein may purchase Common Shares. See “Suitability Standards” in this prospectus. Investors seeking to purchase Common Shares must proceed as follows:

 

Read this entire prospectus and any appendices and supplements accompanying this prospectus.

 

Complete the execution copy of the subscription agreement. A specimen copy of the subscription agreement, including instructions for completing it, is included in this prospectus as Appendix A. Subscription agreements may be executed manually or by electronic signature except where the use of such electronic signature has not been approved by the intermediary manager. Should you execute the subscription agreement electronically, your electronic signature, whether digital or encrypted, included in the subscription agreement is intended to authenticate the subscription agreement and to have the same force and effect as a manual signature.

 

Deliver a check, submit a wire transfer, instruct your broker to make payment from your brokerage account or otherwise deliver funds for the full purchase price of the Common Shares being subscribed for along with the completed subscription agreement to the participating broker. Checks should be made payable, or wire transfers directed, to “Ares Strategic Income Fund.” For Class S and Class D shares, after you have satisfied the applicable minimum purchase requirement of $2,500, additional purchases must be in increments of $500. For Class I shares, after you have satisfied the applicable minimum purchase requirement of $1,000,000, additional purchases must be in increments of $500, unless such minimums are waived by the intermediary manager. The minimum subsequent investment does not apply to purchases made under our distribution reinvestment plan.

 

By executing the subscription agreement and paying the total purchase price for the Common Shares subscribed for, each investor attests that he or she meets the suitability standards as stated in the subscription agreement and agrees to be bound by all of its terms. Certain participating brokers may require additional documentation.

 

A sale of the shares to a subscriber may not be completed until at least five business days after the subscriber receives our final prospectus. Subscriptions to purchase our Common Shares may be made on an ongoing basis, but investors may only purchase our Common Shares pursuant to accepted subscription orders as of the first day of the applicable month (based on the NAV per share as determined as of the previous day, being the last calendar day of the applicable month designated by our Board of Trustees), and to be accepted, a subscription request must be made with a completed and executed subscription agreement in good order, including satisfying any additional requirements imposed by the subscriber’s broker, and payment of the full purchase price of our Common Shares being subscribed at least five business days prior to the first day of the month (unless waived by the intermediary manager). Prior to the Fund’s receipt and acceptance of the subscription orders effective as of the first day of the applicable month, proceeds from sales of our Common Shares will be placed in a non-interest-bearing account at UMB Bank, N.A., in accordance with Rule 15c2-4 under the Exchange Act. If a purchase order is received less than five business days prior to the first day of the month, unless waived by the intermediary manager, the purchase order will be held in a non-interest-bearing account and executed in the next month’s closing at the transaction price applicable to that next month. 

 

For example, if you wish to subscribe for Common Shares in October, your subscription request must be received in good order at least five business days before November 1. Notice of each share transaction will be furnished to shareholders (or their financial representatives) as soon as practicable but not later than seven business days after the Fund’s NAV as of October 31 is determined and credited to the shareholder’s account, together with information relevant for personal and tax records. While a shareholder will not know our NAV applicable on the effective date of the share purchase, we expect that our NAV applicable to a purchase of shares will be available generally within 20 business days after the effective date of the share purchase; at that time, the number of shares based on that NAV and each shareholder’s purchase will be determined and shares are credited to the shareholder’s account as of the effective date of the share purchase. In this example, if accepted, your subscription would be effective on the first calendar day of November.

 

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If for any reason we reject the subscription, or if the subscription request is canceled before it is accepted or withdrawn as described below, we will return the subscription agreement and the related funds, without interest or deduction, within ten business days after such rejection, cancellation or withdrawal.

 

Common Shares purchased by a fiduciary or custodial account will be registered in the name of the fiduciary account and not in the name of the beneficiary. If you place an order to buy shares and your payment is not received and collected, your purchase may be canceled and you could be liable for any losses or fees we have incurred.

 

You have the option of placing a transfer on death (TOD), designation on your Common Shares purchased in this offering. A TOD designation transfers the ownership of the shares to your designated beneficiary upon your death. This designation may only be made by individuals, not entities, who are the sole or joint owners with right to survivorship of the shares. If you would like to place a TOD designation on your Common Shares, you must check the TOD box on the subscription agreement and you must complete and return a TOD form, which you may obtain from your financial advisor, in order to effect the designation.

 

Purchase Price

 

Shares will be sold at the then-current NAV per share, as described in “Determination of Net Asset Value.” Each class of shares may have a different NAV per share because shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees differ with respect to each class.

 

If you participate in our distribution reinvestment plan, the cash distributions attributable to the class of shares that you purchase in our primary offering will be automatically invested in additional shares of the same class. The purchase price for shares issued under our distribution reinvestment plan will be equal to the most recent available NAV per share for such shares at the time the distribution is payable.

 

We will generally adhere to the following procedures relating to purchases of Common Shares in this continuous offering:

 

On each business day, our transfer agent will collect purchase orders. Notwithstanding the submission of an initial purchase order, we can reject purchase orders for any reason, even if a prospective investor meets the minimum suitability requirements outlined in our prospectus. Investors may only purchase our Common Shares pursuant to accepted subscription orders as of the first day of the applicable month (based on the NAV per share as determined as of the previous day, being the last calendar day of the applicable month designated by our Board of Trustees), and to be accepted, a subscription request must be made with a completed and executed subscription agreement in good order and payment of the full purchase price of our Common Shares being subscribed at least five business days prior to the first day of the month. Prior to the Fund’s receipt and acceptance of the subscription orders effective as of the first day of the applicable month, proceeds from sales of our Common Shares will be placed in a non-interest-bearing account at UMB Bank, N.A., in accordance with Rule 15c2-4 under the Exchange Act. If a purchase order is received less than five business days prior to the first day of the month, unless waived by the intermediary manager, the purchase order will be held in a non-interest bearing account and executed in the next month’s closing at the transaction price applicable to that month. As a result of this process, the price per share at which your order is executed may be different than the price per share for the month in which you submitted your purchase order.

 

Generally, within 20 business days after the first calendar day of the applicable month, we will determine our NAV per share for each share class as of the last calendar day of the immediately preceding month, which will be the purchase price for shares purchased with that effective date.

 

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Completed subscription requests will not be accepted by us before two business days before the first calendar day of the applicable month.

 

Subscribers are not committed to purchase shares at the time their subscription orders are submitted and any subscription may be canceled at any time before the time it has been accepted as described in the previous sentence. You may withdraw your purchase request by notifying the transfer agent, through your financial intermediary or directly on our toll-free, automated telephone line, 888-310-9352.

 

You will receive a confirmation statement of each new transaction in your account as soon as practicable but generally not later than seven business days after the shareholder transactions are settled when the applicable NAV per share is determined. The confirmation statement will include information on how to obtain information we have filed with the SEC and made publicly available on our website, https://areswmsresources.com/investment-solutions/asif/, including supplements to the prospectus.

 

Our NAV may vary significantly from one month to the next. Through our website, you will have information about the most recently available NAV per share. Information contained on our website is not incorporated by reference into this prospectus, and you should not consider that information to be part of this prospectus.

 

In contrast to securities traded on an exchange or over-the-counter, where the price often fluctuates as a result of, among other things, the supply and demand of securities in the trading market, our NAV will be calculated once monthly using our valuation methodology, and the price at which we sell new shares and repurchase outstanding shares will not change depending on the level of demand by investors or the volume of requests for repurchases.

 

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SHARE REPURCHASE PROGRAM

 

We do not intend to list our Common Shares on a securities exchange and we do not expect there to be a public market for our Common Shares. As a result, if you purchase our Common Shares, your ability to sell your Common Shares will be limited.

 

At the discretion of our Board of Trustees and beginning no later than the first full calendar quarter after we hold the first closing in the offering of Common Shares pursuant to this Registration Statement, we intend to commence a share repurchase program in which we intend to offer to repurchase up to 5% of our Common Shares outstanding (either by number of shares or aggregate NAV) in each quarter. Our Board of Trustees may amend, suspend or terminate the share repurchase program if it deems such action to be in our best interest and the best interest of our common shareholders. As a result, share repurchases may not be available each quarter, or at all. We will conduct any such repurchase offers in accordance with the requirements of Rule 13e-4 promulgated under the Exchange Act and the Investment Company Act, with the terms of such tender offer published in a tender offer statement to be sent to all shareholders and filed with the SEC on Schedule TO. All common shareholders will be given at least 20 full business days to elect to participate in such share repurchases. All shares purchased by us pursuant to the terms of each tender offer will be retired and thereafter will be authorized and unissued shares.

 

Under our share repurchase program, to the extent we offer to repurchase shares in any particular quarter, we expect to repurchase shares pursuant to tender offers using a purchase price equal to the NAV per share as of the last calendar day of the applicable month designated by our Board of Trustees, except that the Fund deducts 2.00% from such NAV for shares that have not been outstanding for at least one year. We refer to this as the Early Repurchase Deduction. The one-year holding period is measured as of the subscription closing date immediately following the prospective repurchase date. The Early Repurchase Deduction may be waived in the case of repurchase requests arising from the death or qualified disability of the holder. The Early Repurchase Deduction will be retained by the Fund for the benefit of remaining shareholders.

 

You may tender all of the Common Shares that you own. There is no repurchase priority for a shareholder under the circumstances of death or disability of such shareholder.

 

In the event the amount of shares tendered exceeds the repurchase offer amount, shares will be repurchased on a pro rata basis. All unsatisfied repurchase requests must be resubmitted in the next quarterly tender offer, or upon the recommencement of the share repurchase program, as applicable. We will have no obligation to repurchase shares, including if the repurchase would violate the restrictions on distributions under federal law or Delaware law. The limitations and restrictions described above may prevent us from accommodating all repurchase requests made in any quarter. Our share repurchase program has many limitations, including the limitations described above, and should not in any way be viewed as the equivalent of a secondary market.

 

There is no assurance that the Board of Trustees will exercise its discretion to offer to repurchase shares or that there will be sufficient funds available to accommodate all of our common shareholders’ requests for repurchase. As a result, we may repurchase less than the full amount of shares that you request to have repurchased. If we do not repurchase the full amount of your Common Shares that you have requested to be repurchased, or we determine not to make repurchases of our Common Shares, you will likely not be able to dispose of your Common Shares, even if we under-perform. Any periodic repurchase offers will be subject in part to our available cash and compliance with the RIC qualification and diversification rules and the Investment Company Act. Shareholders will not pay a fee to us in connection with our repurchase of shares under the share repurchase program.

 

The Fund will repurchase shares from shareholders pursuant to written tenders on terms and conditions that the Board of Trustees determines to be fair to the Fund and to all shareholders. When the Board of Trustees determines that the Fund will repurchase shares, notice will be provided to shareholders describing the terms of that particular offer, containing information shareholders should consider in deciding whether to participate in the repurchase opportunity and containing information on how to participate. Shareholders deciding whether to tender their shares during the period that a repurchase offer is open may obtain the Fund’s most recent NAV per share on our website at: https://areswmsresources.com/investment-solutions/asif/. However, our repurchase offers will generally use the NAV on or around the last calendar day of a month designated by our Board of Trustees during the applicable quarter, which will not be available until after the expiration of the applicable tender offer, so you will not know the exact price of shares in the tender offer when you make your decision whether to tender your Common Shares. Information contained on our website is not incorporated by reference into this prospectus, and you should not consider that information to be part of this prospectus.

 

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Repurchases of shares from shareholders by the Fund will be paid in full with cash no later than five business days after the expiration of the repurchase deadline. Repurchases will be effective after receipt and acceptance by the Fund of eligible written tenders of shares from shareholders by the applicable repurchase offer deadline.

 

The majority of our assets will consist of directly originated loans that generally cannot be readily liquidated without impacting our ability to realize their full value upon disposition. For cash management and other purposes and in order to provide liquidity for share repurchases, we currently anticipate maintaining a smaller allocation to broadly syndicated loans and other more liquid credit investments. We expect that the instruments underlying our liquid credit investments will primarily be the same as the instruments underlying our directly originated loans (including loans, notes, bonds and other corporate debt securities). We may fund repurchase requests from sources other than cash flow from operations, including, without limitation, the sale of assets, borrowings, return of capital or offering proceeds, and we have no limits on the amounts we may pay from such sources. Should making repurchase offers, in our judgment, place an undue burden on our liquidity, adversely affect our operations or risk having an adverse impact on the company as a whole, or should we otherwise determine that investing our liquid assets in self-originated loans or other illiquid investments rather than repurchasing our Common Shares is in the best interests of the Fund and its common shareholders as a whole, then we may choose to offer to repurchase fewer shares than described above, or none at all.

 

In the event that any common shareholder fails to maintain the minimum balance of $500 of our Common Shares, we may repurchase all of the shares held by that common shareholder at the repurchase price in effect on the date we determine that the common shareholder has failed to meet the minimum balance, less any Early Repurchase Deduction. Minimum account repurchases will apply even in the event that the failure to meet the minimum balance is caused solely by a decline in our NAV. Minimum account repurchases are subject to Early Repurchase Deduction.

 

Payment for repurchased shares may require us to liquidate portfolio holdings earlier than our investment adviser would otherwise have caused these holdings to be liquidated, potentially resulting in losses, and may increase our investment-related expenses as a result of higher portfolio turnover rates. Our investment adviser intends to take measures, subject to policies as may be established by our Board of Trustees, to attempt to avoid or minimize potential losses and expenses resulting from the repurchase of shares.

 

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DISTRIBUTION REINVESTMENT PLAN

 

We have adopted a distribution reinvestment plan, pursuant to which we will not reinvest cash distributions declared by the Board of Trustees on behalf of our common shareholders unless such shareholders elects for their shares to be automatically reinvested. As a result, if the Board of Trustees authorizes, and we declare, a cash distribution or other distribution, then our common shareholders who have opted into our distribution reinvestment plan will have their cash distributions automatically reinvested in additional shares as described below, rather than receiving the cash distribution or other distribution. In such case, distributions on fractional shares will be credited to each participating shareholder’s account to three decimal places.

 

No action is required on the part of a registered shareholder to have his, her or its cash distribution or other distribution paid in cash. In order to opt into having his, her or its cash distribution or other distribution automatically reinvested in our Common Shares, shareholders can complete and execute an enrollment form or any distribution authorization form as may be available from the Fund or SS&C Technologies, Inc. (the “Plan administrator”). Participation in the distribution reinvestment plan will begin with the next distribution payable after acceptance of a participant’s subscription, enrollment or authorization. Shares will be issued under the distribution reinvestment plan as of the first calendar day of the month following the record date of the distribution.

 

If a shareholder seeks to terminate its participation in the distribution reinvestment plan, notice of termination must be received in writing by the Plan administrator no later than the record date fixed by the Board of Trustees for distribution to shareholders to be effective for such distribution. Any transfer of shares by a participant to a non-participant will terminate participation in the distribution reinvestment plan with respect to the transferred shares. If a participant elects to tender its Common Shares in full and such full tender is accepted by the Fund, such shareholder’s participation in the Plan will be automatically terminated as of the expiration of the applicable tender offer and any distributions due to such shareholder on or after such date will be paid in cash on the scheduled distribution payment date.

 

If you elect to opt into the distribution reinvestment plan, any distributions we declare will be automatically reinvested in our Common Shares. There will be no selling commissions or intermediary manager fees charged to you if you participate in the distribution reinvestment plan. We will pay the Plan administrator fees under the distribution reinvestment plan. However, all shareholders, including those who opt out of the distribution reinvestment plan, will indirectly bear such Plan administrator fees. If your Common Shares are held by a broker or other financial intermediary, you may change your election by notifying your broker or other financial intermediary of your election.

 

The reinvestment of distributions does not relieve a participant in the Distribution Reinvestment Plan of any income tax liability that may be payable on the distributions. Please see “Certain Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations—Taxation of U.S. Shareholders—Distributions of Our Common Shares” for information regarding the potential income tax liability of participating in the Distribution Reinvestment Plan. Additionally, distributions reinvested in Common Shares increase the Fund’s gross assets on which the base management fee and inventive fee are payable to the investment adviser.

 

Any issuances of our Common Shares pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan are dependent on the continued registration of our securities or the availability of an exemption from registration in the recipient’s home state.

 

The purchase price for shares issued under our distribution reinvestment plan will be equal to the most recent available NAV per share for such shares at the time the distribution is payable. Common Shares issued pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan will have the same voting rights as the Common Shares offered pursuant to this prospectus.

 

See our Distribution Reinvestment Plan, which is filed as an exhibit to our registration statement for this offering, for more information.

 

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PERPETUAL-LIFE BDC

 

We intend to operate as a perpetual-life BDC. We use the term “perpetual-life BDC” to describe a BDC of indefinite duration that does not intend to complete a liquidity event within any specific time period, if at all, and whose shares of common stock are intended to be sold by the BDC monthly on a continuous basis at prices generally equal to the BDC’s monthly net asset value per share for the applicable class of common stock. As a perpetual-life BDC, our Board of Trustees does not expect to complete a liquidity event within any specific time period, if at all. A liquidity event could include a merger or another transaction approved by our Board of Trustees in which shareholders will receive cash or shares of a publicly traded company, or a sale of all or substantially all of its assets either on a complete portfolio basis or individually followed by a liquidation and distribution of cash to our common shareholders. A liquidity event also may include a sale, merger or rollover transaction with one or more affiliated investment companies managed by our investment adviser. A liquidity event involving a merger or sale of all or substantially all of our assets would require the approval of our common shareholders in accordance with the our charter. We do not intend to list our Common Shares on a national securities exchange.

 

While we may consider a liquidity event at any time in the future, we currently do not intend to undertake a liquidity event, and we are not obligated by our charter or otherwise to effect a liquidity event at any time. Upon the occurrence of a liquidity event, if any, all Class S and Class D shares will automatically convert into Class I shares and the ongoing servicing fee will terminate.

 

Our share repurchase program, if implemented, may provide a limited opportunity for you to have your shares of Common Shares repurchased, subject to certain restrictions and limitations, at a price which may reflect a discount from the purchase price you paid for the shares being repurchased. See “Share Repurchase Program” for a detailed description of the share repurchase program.

 

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REGULATION

 

The following discussion is a general summary of the material prohibitions and descriptions governing BDCs generally. It does not purport to be a complete description of all of the laws and regulations affecting BDCs.

 

We have elected to be regulated as a BDC under the Investment Company Act and intend to elect to be treated as a RIC under the Code. As with other companies regulated by the Investment Company Act, a BDC must adhere to certain substantive regulatory requirements. The Investment Company Act contains prohibitions and restrictions relating to certain transactions between BDCs and certain affiliates (including any investment advisers or sub-advisers), principal underwriters and certain affiliates of those affiliates or underwriters. Among other things, we generally cannot co-invest in any portfolio company in which a fund managed by Ares or any of its downstream affiliates (other than us and our downstream affiliates) is also co-investing. We, our investment adviser and certain of our affiliates have received the Co-Investment Exemptive Order from the SEC that permits us and other BDCs and registered closed-end management investment companies managed by Ares to co-invest in portfolio companies with each other and with affiliated investment funds. Co-investments made under the Co-Investment Exemptive Order are subject to compliance with certain conditions and other requirements, which could limit our ability to participate in a co-investment transaction. See “—Co-Investment Exemptive Order” for more information.

 

The Investment Company Act contains certain restrictions on certain types of investments we may make. Specifically, we may only invest up to 30% of our portfolio in entities that are not considered “eligible portfolio companies” (as defined in the Investment Company Act), including companies located outside of the United States, entities that are operating pursuant to certain exceptions under the Investment Company Act, and publicly traded entities whose public equity market capitalization exceeds the levels provided for under the Investment Company Act.

 

The Investment Company Act also requires that a majority of our trustees be persons other than “interested persons,” as that term is defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the Investment Company Act, referred to herein as “independent Trustees.” In addition, the Investment Company Act provides that we may not change the nature of our business so as to cease to be, or to withdraw our election as, a BDC unless that change is approved by holders of at least a majority of our outstanding voting securities. Under the Investment Company Act, the vote of holders of at least a “majority of outstanding voting securities” means the vote of the holders of the lesser of: (a) 67% or more of the outstanding shares of our Common Shares present at a meeting or represented by proxy if holders of more than 50% of the shares of our Common Shares are present or represented by proxy or (b) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of our Common Shares.

 

Under the Investment Company Act, we are not generally able to issue and sell our Common Shares at a price below net asset value per share. We may, however, sell our Common Shares, or warrants, options or rights to acquire our Common Shares, at a price below the current net asset value per share of our Common Shares if we comply with the provisions of Section 63(2) of the Investment Company Act, including the requirements that our Board of Trustees determine that such sale is in our best interests and the best interests of our common shareholders and our common shareholders approve such sale.

 

We may invest up to 100% of our assets in securities acquired directly from issuers in privately negotiated transactions. Our intention is to not write (sell) or buy put or call options to manage risks associated with the publicly traded securities of our portfolio companies. We may enter into hedging transactions to manage the risks associated with interest rate and currency fluctuations. We may purchase or otherwise receive warrants or options to purchase the common stock of our portfolio companies in connection with acquisition financings or other investments. In connection with such an acquisition, we may acquire rights to require the issuers of acquired securities or their affiliates to repurchase them under certain circumstances.

 

We do not intend to acquire securities issued by any investment company that exceed the limits imposed by the Investment Company Act. Under these limits, we generally cannot acquire more than 3% of the voting stock of any investment company (as defined in the Investment Company Act), invest more than 5% of the value of our total assets in the securities of one investment company or invest more than 10% of the value of our total assets in the securities of investment companies in the aggregate unless certain conditions are met. With regard to that portion of our portfolio invested in securities issued by investment companies, it should be noted that such investments might subject our common shareholders to additional expenses.

 

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We may borrow amounts or issue debt securities or preferred stock, which we refer to collectively as “senior securities,” such that our asset coverage, as calculated pursuant to the Investment Company Act, equals at least 150% (or 200% if certain requirements under the Investment Company Act are not met) immediately after such borrowing (i.e., we are able to borrow up to two dollars for every dollar we have in assets less all liabilities and indebtedness not represented by senior securities issued by us). In addition, while certain types of indebtedness and senior securities remain outstanding, we may be required to make provisions to prohibit distributions to our common shareholders or the repurchase of such securities or shares unless we meet the applicable asset coverage ratios at the time of the distribution or repurchase. We may also borrow amounts up to 5% of the value of our total assets for temporary or emergency purposes without regard to asset coverage. For a discussion of the risks associated with leverage, see “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business and Structure—Regulations governing our operation as a BDC affect our ability to, and the way in which we, raise additional capital.”

 

Qualifying Assets

 

A BDC must have been organized and have its principal place of business in the United States and must be operated for the purpose of making investments in the types of securities described in (1), (2) or (3) below. Thus, under the Investment Company Act, a BDC may not acquire any asset other than assets of the type listed in Section 55(a) of the Investment Company Act, which are referred to as qualifying assets, unless, at the time the acquisition is made, qualifying assets represent at least 70% of the company’s total assets. The principal categories of qualifying assets relevant to our business are the following:

 

(1)Securities purchased in transactions not involving any public offering from the issuer of such securities, which issuer (subject to certain limited exceptions):
(a)is an eligible portfolio company, or from any person who is, or has been during the preceding 13 months, an affiliated person of an eligible portfolio company, or from any other person, subject to such rules as may be prescribed by the SEC. An eligible portfolio company is defined in the Investment Company Act as any issuer that:
(i)is organized under the laws of, and has its principal place of business in, the United States;
(ii)is not an investment company (other than a small business investment company wholly owned by the BDC) or a company that would be an investment company but for certain exclusions under the Investment Company Act; and
(iii)does not have any class of securities listed on a national securities exchange;
(b)is a company that meets the requirements of (a)(i) and (ii) above, but is not an eligible portfolio company because it has issued a class of securities on a national securities exchange, if:
(i)at the time of the purchase, we own at least 50% of the (x) greatest number of equity securities of such issuer and securities convertible into or exchangeable for such securities; and (y) the greatest amount of debt securities of such issuer, held by us at any point in time during the period when such issuer was an eligible portfolio company; and

(ii)we are one of the 20 largest holders of record of such issuer’s outstanding voting securities; or

(c)is a company that meets the requirements of (a)(i) and (ii) above, but is not an eligible portfolio company because it has issued a class of securities on a national securities exchange, if the aggregate market value of such company’s outstanding voting and non-voting common equity is less than $250 million.

(2)Securities of any eligible portfolio company that we control.
(3)Securities purchased in a private transaction from a U.S. issuer that is not an investment company or from an affiliated person of the issuer, or in transactions incident thereto, if the issuer is in bankruptcy and subject to reorganization or if the issuer, immediately prior to the purchase of its securities, was unable to meet its obligations as they came due without material assistance other than conventional lending or financing arrangements.
(4)Securities of an eligible portfolio company purchased from any person in a private transaction if there is no ready market for such securities and we already own 60% of the outstanding equity of the eligible portfolio company.
(5)Securities received in exchange for or distributed on or with respect to securities described in (1) through (4) above, or pursuant to the exercise of warrants or rights relating to such securities.
(6)Cash, cash items, U.S. Government securities or high-quality debt securities maturing in one year or less from the time of investment.

 

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Managerial Assistance to Portfolio Companies

 

BDCs generally must offer to make available to the issuer of portfolio securities significant managerial assistance, by either offering, and providing if accepted, significant guidance and counsel concerning the management operations or business objectives of the portfolio company or by exercising a controlling influence over the management or policies of a portfolio company, except in circumstances where either (i) the BDC does not treat such issuer of securities as an eligible portfolio company, or (ii) the BDC purchases such securities in conjunction with one or more other persons acting together and one of the other persons in the group makes available such managerial assistance.

 

Temporary Investments

 

Pending investment in other types of “qualifying assets,” as described above, our investments may consist of cash, cash items, U.S. Government securities or high-quality debt securities maturing in one year or less from the time of investment, which we refer to, collectively, as “temporary investments,” so that 70% of our assets are qualifying assets. Typically, we will invest in U.S. Treasury bills or in repurchase agreements, provided that such agreements are fully collateralized by cash or securities issued by the U.S. Government or its agencies. A repurchase agreement involves the purchase by an investor, such as us, of a specified security and the simultaneous agreement by the seller to repurchase it at an agreed-upon future date and at a price that is greater than the purchase price by an amount that reflects an agreed-upon interest rate. There is no percentage restriction on the proportion of our assets that may be invested in such repurchase agreements. However, if more than 25% of our total assets constitute repurchase agreements from a single counterparty, we may not meet the Diversification Tests in order to qualify as a RIC. Thus, we do not intend to enter into repurchase agreements with a single counterparty in excess of this limit. Our investment adviser will monitor the creditworthiness of the counterparties with which we enter into repurchase agreement transactions.

 

Indebtedness and Senior Securities

 

We may be permitted, under specified conditions, to issue multiple classes of indebtedness and one class of stock senior to our Common Shares if our asset coverage, calculated pursuant to the Investment Company Act, is at least equal to 150% (or 200% if certain requirements under the Investment Company Act are not met) immediately after each such issuance (i.e., we are able to borrow up to two dollars for every dollar we have in assets less all liabilities and indebtedness not represented by senior securities issued by us). In addition, while certain types of indebtedness and senior securities remain outstanding, we may be required to make provisions to prohibit distributions to our common shareholders or the repurchase of such securities or shares unless we meet the applicable asset coverage ratios at the time of the distribution or repurchase. We may also borrow amounts up to 5% of the value of our total assets for temporary or emergency purposes without regard to asset coverage. For a discussion of the risks associated with leverage, see “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business and Structure—Regulations governing our operation as a BDC affect our ability to, and the way in which we, raise additional capital.”

 

Code of Ethics

 

We and Ares Capital Management have each adopted a code of ethics pursuant to Rule 17j-1 under the Investment Company Act that establishes procedures for personal investments and restricts certain personal securities transactions. Personnel subject to each code may invest in securities for their personal investment accounts, including securities that may be purchased or held by us, so long as such investments are made in accordance with the code’s requirements. Our code of ethics is filed as an exhibit to our registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. For information on how to obtain a copy of the code of ethics, see “Available Information” below.

 

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Co-Investment Exemptive Order

 

We, our investment adviser and certain of our affiliates have received the Co-Investment Exemptive Order from the SEC that permits us and other BDCs and registered closed-end management investment companies managed by Ares to co-invest in portfolio companies with each other and with affiliated investment funds. Co-investments made under the Co-Investment Exemptive Order are subject to compliance with certain conditions and other requirements, which could limit our ability to participate in a co-investment transaction. We may also otherwise co-invest with funds managed by Ares or any of its downstream affiliates, subject to compliance with existing regulatory guidance, applicable regulations and our investment adviser’s allocation policy.

 

Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures

 

SEC-registered advisers that have the authority to vote (client) proxies (which authority may be implied from a general grant of investment discretion) are required to adopt policies and procedures reasonably designed to ensure that the adviser votes proxies in the best interests of its clients. Registered advisers also must maintain certain records on proxy voting. In most cases, we invest in securities that do not generally entitle us to voting rights in our portfolio companies. When we do have voting rights, we delegate the exercise of such rights to Ares Capital Management. Ares Capital Management’s proxy voting policies and procedures are summarized below:

 

In determining how to vote, officers of our investment adviser consult with each other and other investment professionals of Ares, taking into account our and our investors’ interests as well as any potential conflicts of interest. Our investment adviser consults with legal counsel to identify potential conflicts of interest. Where a potential conflict of interest exists, our investment adviser may, if it so elects, resolve it by following the recommendation of a disinterested third party, by seeking the direction of our independent Trustees or, in extreme cases, by abstaining from voting. While our investment adviser may retain an outside service to provide voting recommendations and to assist in analyzing votes, our investment adviser will not delegate its voting authority to any third party.

 

An officer of Ares Capital Management keeps a written record of how all such proxies are voted. Our investment adviser retains records of (a) proxy voting policies and procedures, (b) all proxy statements received (or it may rely on proxy statements filed on the SEC’s EDGAR system in lieu thereof), (c) all votes cast, (d) investor requests for voting information and (e) any specific documents prepared or received in connection with a decision on a proxy vote. If it uses an outside service, our investment adviser may rely on such service to maintain copies of proxy statements and records, so long as such service will provide a copy of such documents promptly upon request.

 

Our investment adviser’s proxy voting policies are not exhaustive and are designed to be responsive to the wide range of issues that may be subject to a proxy vote. In general, our investment adviser votes our proxies in accordance with these guidelines unless: (a) it has determined otherwise due to the specific and unusual facts and circumstances with respect to a particular vote, (b) the subject matter of the vote is not covered by these guidelines, (c) a material conflict of interest is present or (d) our investment adviser finds it necessary to vote contrary to its general guidelines to maximize shareholder value or the best interests of Ares Capital. In reviewing proxy issues, our investment adviser generally uses the following guidelines:

 

Elections of Directors:   In general, our investment adviser will vote proxies in favor of the management-proposed slate of directors. If there is a proxy fight for seats on a portfolio company’s board of directors, or our investment adviser determines that there are other compelling reasons for withholding our vote, it will determine the appropriate vote on the matter. Our investment adviser may withhold votes for directors when it (a) believes a direct conflict of interest exists between the interests of the director and the shareholders, (b) concludes that the actions of the director are unlawful, unethical or negligent or (c) believes the board is entrenched in or dealing inadequately with performance problems, and/or acting with insufficient independence between the board and management. Finally, our investment adviser may withhold votes for directors of non-U.S. issuers where there is insufficient information about the nominees disclosed in the proxy statement.

 

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Appointment of Auditors:  We will generally rely on the judgment of the portfolio company’s audit committee in selecting the independent auditors who will provide the best services to the portfolio company. We will generally support management’s recommendation in this regard; however, we believe that independence of auditors is paramount to the protection of shareholders and will vote against auditors whose independence appears to be impaired.

 

Changes in Governance Structure:  Changes in the charter or bylaws of a portfolio company may be required by state or federal regulation. In general, our investment adviser will cast our votes in accordance with the management on such proposals. However, our investment adviser will consider carefully any proposal regarding a change in corporate structure that is not required by state or federal regulation.

 

Corporate Restructurings and Reorganizations:  We believe proxy votes dealing with corporate restructurings, including mergers and acquisitions, and reorganizations are an extension of the investment decision. Accordingly, our investment adviser will analyze such proposals on a case-by-case basis and vote in accordance with its view of our interests.

 

Proposals Affecting Shareholder Rights:   We will generally vote in favor of proposals that give shareholders a greater voice in the affairs of a portfolio company and oppose any measure that seeks to limit such rights. However, when analyzing such proposals, our investment adviser will balance the financial impact of the proposal against any impairment of shareholder rights as well as of our investment in the portfolio company.

 

Corporate Governance:   We recognize the importance of good corporate governance. Accordingly, our investment adviser will generally favor proposals that promote transparency and accountability within a portfolio company.

 

Anti-Takeover Measures:  Our investment adviser will evaluate, on a case-by-case basis, any proposals regarding anti-takeover measures to determine the effect such measure is likely to have on shareholder value.

 

Stock Splits:   Our investment adviser will generally vote with management on stock split matters.

 

Limited Liability of Directors:   Our investment adviser will generally vote with management on matters that could adversely affect the limited liability of directors.

 

Social and Corporate Responsibility:   Our investment adviser will review proposals related to social, political and environmental issues to determine whether they may adversely affect shareholder value. Our investment adviser may abstain from voting on such proposals where they do not have a readily determinable financial impact on shareholder value.

 

Executive and Directors Compensation: Our investment adviser will evaluate, on a case-by-case basis, any proposals regarding stock option and compensation plans. We will generally vote against any proposed plans that we believe may result in excessive transfer of shareholder value.

 

Shareholders may obtain information regarding how we voted proxies with respect to our portfolio securities free of charge by making a written request for proxy voting information to our Investor Relations Department at Ares Strategic Income Fund, 245 Park Avenue, 44th Floor, New York, New York 10167, by calling us at 888-310-9352 or on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.

 

Privacy Principles

 

We endeavor to maintain the privacy of our recordholders and to safeguard their non-public personal information. The following information is provided to help you understand what personal information we collect, how we protect that information and why, in certain cases, we may share information with select other parties.

 

Generally, we will not receive any non-public personal information about recordholders of our Common Shares, although certain of our recordholders’ non-public information may become available to us. The non-public personal information that we may receive falls into the following categories:

 

information we receive from recordholders, whether we receive it orally, in writing or electronically. This includes recordholders’ communications to us concerning their investment;

 

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information about recordholders’ transactions and history with us; and

 

other general information that we may obtain about recordholders, such as demographic and contact information such as address.

 

We disclose non-public personal information about recordholders:

 

to our affiliates (such as our investment adviser and administrator) and their employees for everyday business purposes;

 

to our service providers (such as our accountants, attorneys, custodians, transfer agent, underwriters and proxy solicitors) and their employees, as is necessary to service recordholder accounts or otherwise provide the applicable service;

 

to comply with court orders, subpoenas, lawful discovery requests or other legal or regulatory requirements; or

 

as allowed or required by applicable law or regulation.

 

When we share non-public recordholder personal information referred to above, the information is made available for limited business purposes and under controlled circumstances designed to protect our recordholders’ privacy. We do not permit use of recordholder information for any non-business or marketing purpose, nor do we permit third parties to rent, sell, trade or otherwise release or disclose information to any other party.

 

Our service providers, such as our investment adviser, administrator and transfer agent, are required to maintain physical, electronic, and procedural safeguards to protect recordholder non-public personal information, to prevent unauthorized access or use and to dispose of such information when it is no longer required.

 

Personnel of affiliates may access recordholder information only for business purposes. The degree of access is based on the sensitivity of the information and on personnel need for the information to service a recordholder’s account or comply with legal requirements.

 

If a recordholder ceases to be a recordholder, we will adhere to the privacy policies and practices as described above. We may choose to modify our privacy policies at any time. Before we do so, we will notify recordholders and provide a description of our privacy policy.

 

In the event of a corporate change in control resulting from, for example, a sale to, or merger with, another entity, or in the event of a sale of assets, we reserve the right to transfer non-public personal information of holders of our securities to the new party in control or the party acquiring assets.

 

Other

 

We have designated a chief compliance officer and established a compliance program pursuant to the requirements of the Investment Company Act. We are periodically examined by the SEC for compliance with the Investment Company Act.

 

We are required to provide and maintain a bond issued by a reputable fidelity insurance company to protect us against larceny and embezzlement. Furthermore, as a BDC, we are prohibited from protecting any Trustee or officer against any liability to us or our common shareholders arising from willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of such person’s office.

 

Our internet address is https://areswmsresources.com/investment-solutions/asif/. We make available free of charge on our website our annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, proxy statement and amendments to those reports as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the SEC. Information contained on our website is not incorporated by reference into this prospectus, and you should not consider that information to be part of this prospectus.

 

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Compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act imposes a wide variety of regulatory requirements on publicly held companies and their insiders. Many of these requirements affect us. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act has required us to review our policies and procedures to determine whether we comply with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the regulations promulgated thereunder. We will continue to monitor our compliance with all future regulations that are adopted under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and will take actions necessary to ensure that we are in compliance therewith.

 

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CERTAIN MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS

 

The following discussion is a general summary of certain material U.S. federal income tax considerations relating to the acquisition, ownership, and disposition of shares of our Common Shares and our qualification and taxation as a RIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes. This discussion does not purport to be a complete description of all of the tax considerations relating thereto. In particular, we have not described certain considerations that may be relevant to certain types of shareholders subject to special treatment under U.S. federal income tax laws, including shareholders subject to the alternative minimum tax, tax-exempt organizations, insurance companies, shareholders that are treated as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes, dealers in securities, traders in securities that elect to use a mark-to-market method of accounting for securities holdings, pension plans and trusts, financial institutions, a person that holds shares in our Common Shares as part of a straddle or a hedging or conversion transaction, real estate investment trusts (“REITs”), RICs, U.S. shareholders (as defined below) whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar, non-U.S. shareholders (as defined below) engaged in a trade or business in the United States, persons who have ceased to be U.S. citizens or to be taxed as residents of the United States, “controlled foreign corporations,” and passive foreign investment companies (“PFICs”). This summary is limited to shareholders that hold our Common Shares as capital assets (within the meaning of the Code), and does not address owners of a shareholder. This discussion is based upon the Code, its legislative history, existing and proposed U.S. Treasury regulations, published rulings and court decisions, each as of the date of this prospectus and all of which are subject to change, possibly retroactively, which could affect the continuing validity of this discussion. We have not sought and will not seek any ruling from the IRS regarding the offerings pursuant to this prospectus or pursuant to the accompanying prospectus supplement unless expressly stated therein. This summary does not discuss any aspects of U.S. estate or gift tax or foreign, state or local tax. It does not discuss the special treatment under U.S. federal income tax laws that could result if we invest in tax-exempt securities or certain other investment assets. It also does not discuss the tax aspects of Common Shares sold in units with the other securities being registered.

 

A “U.S. shareholder” is a beneficial owner of shares of our Common Shares that is for U.S. federal income tax purposes:

 

an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States;

 

a corporation, or other entity treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, created or organized in or under the laws of the United States or any state thereof or the District of Columbia;

 

a trust if a court within the United States is able to exercise primary supervision over its administration and one or more U.S. persons (as defined in the Code) have the authority to control all of its substantial decisions, or if the trust has a valid election in effect under applicable U.S. Treasury regulations to be treated as a domestic trust for U.S. federal income tax purposes; or

 

an estate, the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source.

 

A “non-U.S. shareholder” is a beneficial owner of our Common Shares that is not a U.S. shareholder or an entity that is treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

 

If a partnership (including an entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) holds our Common Shares, the tax treatment of a partner in the partnership will generally depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. A prospective investor that is a partner in a partnership that will hold our Common Shares should consult its tax advisors with respect to the purchase, ownership and disposition of our Common Shares.

 

An investment in our Common Shares is complex, and certain aspects of the U.S. tax treatment of such investment are not certain. Tax matters are very complicated and the tax consequences to an investor of an investment in our Common Shares will depend on the facts of his, her or its particular situation. We strongly encourage investors to consult their tax advisors regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of our Common Shares, as well as the effect of any state, local and foreign tax laws, eligibility for the benefits of any applicable tax treaty, and the effect of any possible changes in the tax laws.

 

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Election to Be Taxed as a RIC

 

As a BDC, we intend to elect to be treated and to operate in a manner so as to continuously qualify annually as a RIC under the Code. As a RIC, we generally will not pay corporate-level U.S. federal income taxes on our net ordinary income or capital gains that we timely distribute (or are deemed to distribute) to our common shareholders as dividends. Instead, distributions (or are deemed to timely distribute) generally will be taxable to shareholders, and any net operating losses, foreign tax credits and most other tax attributes generally will not pass through to shareholders. We will be subject to U.S. federal corporate-level income tax on any undistributed income and gains. To continue to qualify as a RIC, we must, among other things, meet certain source of income and asset diversification requirements (as described below). In addition, we must distribute to our common shareholders, for each taxable year at least 90% of our “investment company taxable income,” as defined by the Code, pursuant to the “Annual Distribution Requirement.” See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business and Structure—We may be subject to additional corporate-level income taxes if we fail to maintain our status as a RIC” and “We may have difficulty paying our required distributions under applicable tax rules if we recognize income before or without receiving cash representing such income” in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

Taxation as a RIC

 

If we:

 

qualify as a RIC; and

 

satisfy the Annual Distribution Requirement;

 

then we will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on the portion of our investment company taxable income and net capital gain (realized net long-term capital gain in excess of realized net short-term capital loss) that we timely distribute (or are deemed to timely distribute) to shareholders. We will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at the regular corporate rates on any net income or capital gains not distributed (or deemed distributed) to our common shareholders.

 

We will be subject to a 4% nondeductible U.S. federal excise tax on certain undistributed income unless we distribute in a timely manner an amount at least equal to the sum of (1) 98% of our ordinary income for each calendar year, (2) 98.2% of our capital gain net income for each calendar year and (3) any income realized, but not distributed, in preceding years (to the extent that U.S. federal income tax was not imposed on such amounts) less certain over-distributions in the prior year (collectively, the “Excise Tax Requirement”). We can be expected to pay such excise tax on a portion of our income.

 

Moreover, our ability to dispose of assets to meet our distribution requirements may be limited by (1) the illiquid nature of our portfolio and (2) other requirements relating to our status as a RIC, including the Diversification Tests (as defined below). If we dispose of assets to meet the Annual Distribution Requirement, the Diversification Tests, or the Excise Tax Requirement, we may make such dispositions at times that, from an investment standpoint, are not advantageous.

 

To qualify as a RIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes, we generally must, among other things:

 

qualify to be treated as a BDC at all times during each taxable year;

 

derive in each taxable year at least 90% of our gross income from (a) dividends, interest, payments with respect to certain securities loans, gains from the sale of stock or other securities or foreign currencies, or other income derived with respect to our business of investing in such stock, securities or foreign currencies, or (b) net income derived from an interest in a “qualified publicly traded partnership” or “QPTP” (collectively, the “90% Income Test”); and

 

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diversify our holdings so that at the end of each quarter of the taxable year:

 

at least 50% of the value of our assets consists of cash, cash equivalents, U.S. government securities, securities of other RICs, and other securities that, with respect to any issuer do not represent more than 5% of the value of our assets or more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of that issuer; and

 

no more than 25% of the value of our assets is invested in the securities, other than U.S. government securities or securities of other RICs, of (i) one issuer, (ii) two or more issuers that are controlled, as determined under the Code, by us and that are engaged in the same or similar or related trades or businesses or (iii) securities of one or more QPTPs (collectively, the “Diversification Tests”).

 

We may invest in partnerships, including QPTPs, which may result in our being subject to state, local or foreign income, franchise or other tax liabilities. For the purpose of determining whether the Fund satisfies the 90% Income Test and the Diversification Tests described above, the character of our distributive share of items of income, gain, losses, deductions and credits derived through any investments in companies that are treated as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes (other than certain publicly traded partnerships), or are treated as disregarded as separate from us for U.S. federal income tax purposes, generally will be determined as if we realized these tax items directly. Further, for purposes of calculating the value of our investment in the securities of an issuer for purposes of determining the 25% requirement described above, the Fund’s proper proportion of any investment in the securities of that issuer that are held by a member of our “controlled group” must be aggregated with our investment in that issuer. A controlled group is one or more chains of corporations connected through stock ownership with us if (a) at least 80% of the total combined voting power of all classes of voting stock of each of the corporations is owned directly by one or more of the other corporations, and (b) we directly own at least 80% or more of the combined voting stock of at least one of the other corporations.

 

A RIC is limited in its ability to deduct expenses in excess of its investment company taxable income. If our deductible expenses in a given taxable year exceed our investment company taxable income, we may incur a net operating loss for that taxable year. However, a RIC is not permitted to carry forward net operating losses to subsequent taxable years and such net operating losses do not pass through to its shareholders. In addition, deductible expenses can be used only to offset investment company taxable income, not net capital gain. A RIC may not use any net capital losses (that is, the excess of realized capital losses over realized capital gains) to offset its investment company taxable income, but may carry forward such net capital losses, and use them to offset future capital gains, indefinitely. Any underwriting fees paid to us are not deductible. Due to these limits on deductibility of expenses and net capital losses, we may for U.S. federal income tax purposes have aggregate taxable income for several taxable years that we are required to distribute and that is taxable to our common shareholders even if such taxable income is greater than the net income we actually earn during those taxable years.

 

We may be required to recognize taxable income for U.S. federal income tax purposes in circumstances in which we do not receive a corresponding payment in cash. For example, if we hold debt obligations that are treated under applicable tax rules as having original issue discount, or “OID” (such as debt investments with PIK interest or, in certain cases, that have increasing interest rates or that are issued with warrants), we must include in income each year a portion of the OID that accrues over the life of the obligation, regardless of whether cash representing such income is received by us in the same taxable year. Because any OID accrued will be included in our investment company taxable income for the taxable year of accrual, we may be required to make a distribution to our common shareholders in order to satisfy the Annual Distribution Requirement or the Excise Tax Requirement, even though we will not have received any corresponding cash amount. In order to enable us to make distributions to shareholders that will be sufficient to enable us to satisfy the Annual Distribution Requirement and the Excise Tax Requirement we may need to liquidate or sell some of our assets at times or at prices that are not advantageous, raise additional equity or debt capital, take out loans, forego new investment opportunities or otherwise take actions that are disadvantageous to our business (or be unable to take actions that are advantageous to our business). Our ability to dispose of assets to meet our distribution requirements may be limited by (1) the illiquid nature of our portfolio and/or (2) other requirements relating to our qualification as a RIC, including the Diversification Tests. If we borrow money, we may be prevented by loan covenants from declaring and making distributions in certain circumstances. Even if we are authorized to borrow funds and to sell assets in order to satisfy distribution requirements, under the Investment Company Act, we are generally not permitted to make distributions to our common shareholders while our debt obligations and senior securities are outstanding unless certain “asset coverage” tests or other financial covenants are met. Limits on our ability to make distributions may prevent us from meeting the Annual Distribution Requirement, and may, therefore, jeopardize our qualification for taxation as a RIC, or subject us to the 4% excise tax on undistributed income.

 

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A portfolio company in which we invest may face financial difficulty that requires us to work-out, modify or otherwise restructure our investment in the portfolio company. Any such restructuring could, depending on the specific terms of the restructuring, cause us to recognize taxable income without a corresponding receipt of cash, which could affect our ability to satisfy the Annual Distribution Requirement or the Excise Tax Requirement, or result in unusable capital losses and future non-cash income. Any such reorganization could also result in our receiving assets that give rise to non-qualifying income for purposes of the 90% Income Test.

 

Certain of our investment practices may be subject to special and complex U.S. federal income tax provisions that may, among other things, (a) disallow, suspend or otherwise limit the allowance of certain losses or deductions, (b) convert long-term capital gain (currently taxed at lower rates for non-corporate taxpayers) into higher taxed short-term capital gain or ordinary income, (c) convert an ordinary loss or a deduction into a capital loss (the deductibility of which is more limited), (d) adversely affect the time as to when a purchase or sale of stock or securities is deemed to occur, (e) adversely alter the characterization of certain complex financial transactions, (f) treat dividends that would otherwise constitute qualified dividend income as non-qualified dividend income, (g) cause us to recognize income or gain without receipt of a corresponding cash payment, and (h) produce income that will not be qualifying income for purposes of the 90% Income Test. We intend to monitor our transactions and may make certain tax elections that are intended to maintain our status as a RIC and mitigate the effects of these provisions; however, no assurance can be given that we will be eligible for any such tax elections or that any elections we make will fully mitigate the effects of these provisions.

 

Gain or loss realized by us from warrants acquired by us as well as any loss attributable to the lapse of such warrants generally will be treated as capital gain or loss. Such gain or loss generally will be long term or short term, depending on how long we held a particular warrant.

 

Our investment in non-U.S. securities may be subject to non-U.S. income, withholding and other taxes. In that case, our yield on those securities would be decreased. Shareholders will generally not be entitled to claim a U.S. foreign tax credit or deduction with respect to non-U.S. taxes paid by us.

 

If we purchase shares in a PFIC, we may be subject to U.S. federal income tax on a portion of any “excess distribution” received on, or gain from the disposition of, such shares, even if such income is distributed as a taxable dividend by us to our common shareholders. Additional charges in the nature of interest may be imposed on us in respect of deferred taxes arising from such distributions or gains. If we invest in a PFIC and elect to treat the PFIC as a “qualified electing fund” under the Code (a “QEF”), in lieu of the foregoing requirements, we will be required to include in income each year a portion of the ordinary earnings and net capital gain of the QEF, even if such income is not distributed to us. Alternatively, we may elect to mark-to-market at the end of each taxable year our shares in such PFIC; in this case, we will recognize as ordinary income any increase in the value of such shares, and as ordinary loss any decrease in such value to the extent it does not exceed prior increases included in income. Our ability to make either election will depend on factors beyond our control, and we are subject to restrictions that may limit the availability or benefit of these elections. Under either election, we may be required to recognize in any year income in excess of our distributions from PFICs and our proceeds from dispositions of PFIC stock during that year, and such income will nevertheless be subject to the Annual Distribution Requirement and will be taken into account for purposes of determining whether we satisfy the Excise Tax Requirement.

 

Our functional currency is the U.S. dollar for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Under Section 988 of the Code, gains or losses attributable to fluctuations in exchange rates between the time we accrue income, expenses or other liabilities denominated in a foreign currency and the time we actually collect such income or pay such expenses or liabilities may be treated as ordinary income or loss. Similarly, gains or losses on foreign currency forward contracts, the disposition of debt denominated in a foreign currency and other financial transactions denominated in foreign currency, to the extent attributable to fluctuations in exchange rates between the acquisition and disposition dates, may also be treated as ordinary income or loss.

 

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Some of the income and fees that we may recognize, such as, but not limited to, management fees, certain fees earned with respect to our investments, income recognized in a work-out or restructuring of a portfolio investment, or income recognized from an equity investment in an operating partnership, may not satisfy the 90% Income Test. In order to manage the risk that such income and fees might disqualify us as a RIC for a failure to satisfy the 90% Income Test, we may be required to recognize such income and fees indirectly through one or more entities treated as U.S. corporations for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Although we expect that recognizing such income through such corporations will assist us in satisfying the 90% Income Test, no assurance can be given that this structure will be respected for U.S. federal income tax purposes, which could result in such income not being counted towards satisfying the 90% Income Test. If the amount of such income were too great and we were otherwise unable to mitigate this effect, it could result in our disqualification as a RIC. If, as we expect, the structure is respected, such corporations will be required to pay U.S. corporate income tax on their earnings, which ultimately will reduce our return on such income and fees.

 

We are limited in our ability to deduct expenses in excess of our investment company taxable income. If our expenses in a given year exceed our investment company taxable income, we will have a net operating loss for that year. However, we are not permitted to carry forward our net operating losses to subsequent years, so these net operating losses generally will not pass through to our common shareholders. In addition, expenses can be used only to offset investment company taxable income, and may not be used to offset net capital gain. As a RIC, we may not use any net capital losses (that is, realized capital losses in excess of realized capital gains) to offset our investment company taxable income, but may carry forward those losses, and use them to offset future capital gains, indefinitely. Further, our deduction of net business interest expense is generally limited to 30% of our “adjusted taxable income” plus “floor plan financing interest expense.”

 

Failure to Qualify as a RIC

 

If we fail to satisfy the 90% Income Test for any taxable year or the Diversification Tests for any quarter of the taxable year, we may still continue to be taxed as a RIC for the relevant taxable year if we are eligible for relief provisions if the failures are due to reasonable cause and not willful neglect and if a penalty tax is paid with respect to each failure to satisfy the applicable requirements. Additionally, relief is provided for certain de minimis failures of the diversification requirements where we correct the failure within a specified period. If the applicable relief provisions are not available or cannot be met, all of our income would be subject to corporate-level income tax as described below. We cannot provide assurance that we would qualify for any such relief should we fail the 90% Income Test or the Diversification Tests.

 

If we were to fail to meet the RIC requirements for more than two consecutive years and then seek to requalify as a RIC, we would be required to pay corporate-level tax on the unrealized appreciation recognized during the succeeding five-year period unless we make a special election to recognize gain to the extent of any unrealized appreciation in our assets at the time of requalification.

 

If we are unable to qualify for treatment as a RIC, and relief is not available as discussed above, we would be subject to tax on all of our taxable income at the regular corporate U.S. federal income tax rate (and we also would be subject to any applicable state and local taxes). We would not be able to deduct distributions to shareholders and would not be required to make distributions for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Distributions generally would be taxable to our common shareholders as ordinary dividend income to the extent of our current and accumulated earnings and profits. Subject to certain limitations under the Code, corporate U.S. shareholders would be eligible for the dividends-received deduction. Distributions in excess of our current and accumulated earnings and profits would be treated first as a return of capital to the extent of the shareholder’s adjusted tax basis in its shares of our Common Shares, and any remaining distributions would be treated as capital gains. If we fail to qualify as a RIC, we may be subject to regular corporate tax on any net built-in gains with respect to certain of our assets (i.e., the excess of the aggregate gains, including items of income, over aggregate losses that would have been realized with respect to such assets if we had been liquidated) that we elect to recognize on requalification or when recognized over the next five taxable years.

 

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Although we expect to operate in a manner so as to qualify continuously as a RIC, we or our investment adviser may decide in the future that we should be taxed as a C corporation, even if we would otherwise qualify as a RIC, if we determine that treatment as a C corporation for a particular year would be in our best interest.

 

The remainder of this discussion assumes that we qualify as a RIC for each taxable year.

 

Taxation of U.S. Shareholders

 

The following summary generally describes certain material U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in our Common Shares beneficially owned by U.S. shareholders (as defined above). If you are not a U.S. shareholder, this section does not apply to you.

 

Whether an investment in our Common Shares is appropriate for a U.S. shareholder will depend upon that person’s particular circumstances. An investment in our Common Shares by a U.S. shareholder may have adverse tax consequences. U.S. shareholders should consult their own tax advisors about the U.S. tax consequences of investing in our Common Shares.

 

Distributions on Our Common Shares

 

Distributions by us generally are taxable to U.S. shareholders as ordinary income or capital gains. To the extent such distributions paid by us to non-corporate shareholders (including individuals) are attributable to dividends from U.S. corporations and certain qualified foreign corporations and if certain holding period requirements are met, such distributions (“qualified dividends”) generally are taxable to U.S. shareholders at the preferential rates applicable to long-term capital gains. A portion of our ordinary dividends, but not capital gain dividends, paid to U.S. corporate shareholders may, if certain conditions are met, qualify for the dividends-received deduction to the extent that we have received dividends from certain corporations during the taxable year. However, it is anticipated that distributions paid by us generally will not be attributable to dividends and, therefore, generally will not qualify for the preferential rates applicable to qualified dividends or the dividends-received deduction available to corporations under the Code. A corporate U.S. shareholder may be required to reduce its basis in our Common Shares with respect to certain “extraordinary dividends,” as defined in Section 1059 of the Code. Corporate U.S. shareholders should consult their own tax advisors in determining the application of these rules in their particular circumstances. Distributions of our investment company taxable income will be taxable as ordinary income to U.S. shareholders to the extent of our current and accumulated earnings and profits, whether paid in cash or reinvested in additional shares of our Common Shares.

 

Distributions of our net capital gain properly reported by us as “capital gain dividends” will be taxable to a U.S. shareholder as long-term capital gains (which, under current law, are taxed at preferential rates) in the case of individuals, trusts or estates. This is true, regardless of the U.S. shareholder’s holding period our Common Shares and regardless of whether the dividend is paid in cash or reinvested in additional Common Shares. Distributions in excess of our earnings and profits first will reduce a U.S. shareholder’s adjusted tax basis in such U.S. shareholder’s Common Shares and, after the adjusted tax basis is reduced to zero, will constitute capital gain to such U.S. shareholder. We may make distributions in excess of our earnings and profits. As a result, a U.S. shareholder will need to consider the effect of our distributions on such U.S. shareholder’s adjusted tax basis in our Common Shares in their individual circumstances.

 

Although we currently intend to distribute our net capital gain for each taxable year on a timely basis, we may in the future decide to retain some or all of our net capital gain, and may designate the retained amount as a “deemed dividend.” In that case, among other consequences: we will pay U.S. federal corporate income tax on the retained amount; each U.S. shareholder will be required to include their pro rata share of the deemed distribution in income as if it had been actually distributed to them; and the U.S. shareholder will be entitled to claim a credit equal to their pro rata share of the tax paid thereon by us. The amount of the deemed distribution net of such tax will be added to the U.S. shareholder’s adjusted tax basis in our Common Shares.

 

For purposes of determining (1) whether the Annual Distribution Requirement is satisfied for any year and (2) the amount of capital gains dividends paid for that year, we may, under certain circumstances, elect to treat a dividend that is paid during the following taxable year as if it had been paid during the taxable year in question. If we make such an election, a U.S. shareholder will still be treated as receiving the dividend in the taxable year in which the distribution is made. However, any dividend declared by us in October, November or December of any calendar year, payable to shareholders of record on a specified date in such a month and actually paid during January of the following year, will be treated as if it had been received by a U.S. shareholders on December 31 of the year in which the dividend was declared.

 

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We have the ability to declare a large portion of a distribution in shares of our Common Shares. As long as a portion of such distribution is paid in cash and certain requirements are met, the entire distribution will be treated as a dividend for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As a result, a U.S. shareholder will be taxed on 100% of the fair market value of the dividend on the date the dividend is received in the same manner as a cash dividend, even if most of the dividend was paid in shares of our Common Shares. If shareholders purchase shares of our Common Shares shortly before the record date of a distribution, the price of the shares will include the value of the distribution and such U.S. shareholder will be subject to tax on the distribution even though it economically represents a return of his, her or its investment.

 

Distributions out of our current and accumulated earnings and profits will not be eligible for the 20% pass through deduction under Section 199A of the Code, although qualified REIT dividends earned by us may qualify for the 20% pass through deduction under Section 199A deduction.

 

Until and unless we are treated as a “publicly offered regulated investment company” (within the meaning of Section 67 of the Code) as a result of either (1) our Common Shares collectively being held by at least 500 persons at all times during a taxable year, (2) our Common Shares being treated as regularly traded on an established securities market for any taxable year, or (3) our Common Shares are continuously offered pursuant to a public offering (within the meaning of Section 4 of the Securities Act), for purposes of computing the taxable income of U.S. shareholders that are individuals, trusts or estates, (a) our earnings will be computed without taking into account such U.S. shareholders’ allocable shares of the base management fee and incentive fee paid to our Advisor and certain of our other expenses, (b) each such U.S. shareholder will be treated as having received or accrued a dividend from us in the amount of such U.S. shareholder’s allocable share of these fees and expenses for such taxable year, (c) each such U.S. shareholder will be treated as having paid or incurred such U.S. shareholder’s allocable share of these fees and expenses for the calendar year and (d) each such U.S. shareholder’s allocable share of these fees and expenses will be treated as miscellaneous itemized deductions by such U.S. shareholder. For taxable years beginning before 2026, miscellaneous itemized deductions generally are not deductible by a U.S. shareholder that is an individual, trust or estate. For taxable years beginning in 2026 or later, miscellaneous itemized deductions generally are deductible by a U.S. shareholder that is an individual, trust or estate only to the extent that the aggregate of such U.S. shareholder’s miscellaneous itemized deductions exceeds 2% of such U.S. shareholder’s adjusted gross income for U.S. federal income tax purposes, are not deductible for purposes of the alternative minimum tax and are subject to the overall limitation on itemized deductions under Section 68 of the Code.

 

Sale or Other Disposition of Our Common Shares

 

A U.S. shareholder generally will recognize taxable gain or loss if the U.S. shareholder sells or otherwise disposes of such shareholder’s Common Shares. The amount of gain or loss will be measured by the difference between a U.S. shareholder’s adjusted tax basis in our Common Shares sold or otherwise disposed of and the amount of the proceeds received in exchange. Any gain or loss arising from such sale or other disposition generally will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if a U.S. shareholder has held our Common Shares for more than one year. Otherwise, such gain or loss will be classified as short-term capital gain or loss. However, any capital loss arising from the sale or disposition of shares of our Common Shares in which a U.S. shareholder has a holding period of six months or less will be treated as long-term capital loss to the extent of the amount of capital gain dividends received, or undistributed capital gain deemed received, with respect to such shares. In addition, all or a portion of any loss recognized upon a disposition of shares of our Common Shares may be disallowed if substantially identical stock or securities are purchased (whether through reinvestment of distributions or otherwise) within 30 days before or after the disposition.

 

In general, U.S. shareholders that are individuals, trusts or estates currently are taxed at preferential rates on their net capital gain. Such rate is lower than the maximum rate on ordinary income currently payable by individuals. Corporate U.S. shareholders currently are subject to U.S. federal income tax on net capital gain at the maximum 21% rate also applied to ordinary income. Non-corporate U.S. shareholders (including individuals) with net capital losses for a year (i.e., capital losses in excess of capital gains) generally may deduct up to $3,000 of such losses against their ordinary income each year; any net capital losses of a non-corporate U.S. shareholder (including an individual) in excess of $3,000 generally may be carried forward and used in subsequent years as provided in the Code. Corporate U.S. shareholders generally may not deduct any net capital losses for a year, but may carry back such losses for three years or carry forward such losses for five years.

 

Legislation requires reporting of adjusted cost basis information for covered securities, which generally include shares of a RIC, to the Internal Revenue Service and to taxpayers. Shareholders should contact their financial intermediaries with respect to reporting of cost basis and available elections for their accounts.

 

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Information Reporting and Backup Withholding

 

We will send to each of our U.S. shareholders, after the end of each calendar year, a notice providing, on a per share and per distribution basis, the amounts includible in such U.S. shareholder’s taxable income for such year as ordinary income and as long-term capital gain. In addition, the U.S. federal tax status of each year’s distributions generally will be reported to the IRS. Distributions may also be subject to additional state, local and foreign taxes depending on a U.S. shareholder’s particular situation.

 

We may be required to withhold U.S. federal income tax (“backup withholding”) from all taxable distributions to a U.S. shareholder (1) who fails to furnish us with a correct taxpayer identification number or a certificate that such shareholder is exempt from backup withholding or (2) with respect to whom the IRS notifies us that such shareholder is subject to backup withholding. An individual’s taxpayer identification number is his or her social security number. Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amount withheld under backup withholding is allowed as a credit against the U.S. shareholder’s U.S. federal income tax liability and may entitle such shareholder to a refund, provided that proper information is timely provided to the IRS.

 

Medicare Tax on Net Investment Income

 

Non-corporate U.S. shareholders generally are subject to a 3.8% Medicare surtax on their “net investment income,” the calculation of which includes interest income and OID, any taxable gain from the disposition of our Common Shares and any distributions on our Common Shares (including the amount of any deemed distribution) to the extent such distribution is treated as a dividend or as capital gain (as described above under “Taxation of U.S. Shareholders—Distributions on Our Common Shares”). Non-corporate U.S. shareholders should consult their own tax advisors on the effect of acquiring, holding and disposing of our Common Shares, on the computation of “net investment income” in their individual circumstances.

 

Disclosure of Certain Recognized Losses.

 

Under U.S. Treasury regulations, if a U.S. shareholder recognizes a loss with respect to either our Common Shares of $2 million or more for a non-corporate U.S. shareholder or $10 million or more for a corporate U.S. shareholder in any single taxable year, such shareholder must file with the IRS a disclosure statement on Form 8886. Direct shareholders of certain “portfolio securities” in many cases are excepted from this reporting requirement, but under current guidance, equity owners of a RIC are not excepted. The fact that a loss is reportable under these regulations does not affect the legal determination of whether the taxpayer’s treatment of the loss is proper. Significant monetary penalties apply to a failure to comply with this reporting requirement. States may also have a similar reporting requirement. U.S. shareholders should consult their own tax advisors to determine the applicability of these regulations in light of their individual circumstances.

 

Taxation of Non-U.S. Shareholders

 

The following discussion applies only to persons that are non-U.S. shareholders. If you are not a non-U.S. shareholder, this discussion does not apply to you.

 

Whether an investment in our Common Shares is appropriate for a non-U.S. shareholder will depend upon that shareholder’s particular circumstances. An investment in our Common Shares by a non-U.S. shareholder may have adverse tax consequences and, accordingly, may not be appropriate for a non-U.S. shareholder. Non-U.S. shareholders should consult their own tax advisors as to the tax consequences of acquiring, holding and disposing of our Common Shares before investing.

 

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Distributions on, and Sale or Other Disposition of, Our Common Shares

 

Distributions of our investment company taxable income to non-U.S. shareholders will be subject to U.S. withholding tax at a rate of 30% (unless lowered or eliminated by an applicable income tax treaty) to the extent payable from our current and accumulated earnings and profits unless an exception applies.

 

Actual or deemed distributions of our net capital gain to a non-U.S. shareholder, and gains recognized by a non-U.S. shareholder upon the sale of our Common Shares, will not be subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax and generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax unless the non-U.S. shareholder is an individual, has been present in the United States for 183 days or more during the taxable year, and certain other conditions are satisfied. Non-U.S. shareholders of our Common Shares are encouraged to consult their own advisors as to the applicability of an income tax treaty in their individual circumstances.

 

In addition to the exemption from withholding for actual or deemed distributions of our net capital gain, in general, no U.S. source withholding taxes will be imposed on dividends paid by RICs to non- U.S. shareholders to the extent the dividends are designated as “interest-related dividends” or “short-term capital gain dividends.” Under this exemption, interest-related dividends and short-term capital gain dividends generally represent distributions of interest or short-term capital gain that would not have been subject to U.S. withholding tax at the source if they had been received directly by a non-U.S. shareholder, and that satisfy certain other requirements. We expect that a portion of our dividends will qualify as interest-related dividends, although we cannot assure you the exact proportion that will so qualify. A withholding agent may nonetheless apply withholding tax on the entirety of our dividends.

 

If we retain our net capital gain and treat it as a deemed distribution, we will pay a corporate level tax on such retained amount. As a result, a non-U.S. shareholder will be entitled to a U.S. federal income tax credit or tax refund equal to the non-U.S. shareholder’s allocable share of the tax we pay on the capital gain deemed to have been distributed.

 

In order to obtain a refund of taxes withheld or taxes paid by us as a result of a deemed distributed capital gain, the non-U.S. shareholder must obtain a U.S. taxpayer identification number (if one has not been previously obtained) and file a U.S. federal income tax return even if the non-U.S. shareholder would not otherwise be required to obtain a U.S. taxpayer identification number or file a U.S. federal income tax return.

 

We have the ability to declare a large portion of a distribution in shares of our Common Shares. As long as a portion of such dividend is paid in cash and certain requirements are met, the entire distribution will be treated as a dividend for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As a result, our non-U.S. shareholders will be taxed on 100% of the fair market value of the dividend on the date the dividend is received in the same manner as a cash dividend (including the application of withholding tax rules described above), even if most of the dividend is paid in shares of our Common Shares. In such a circumstance, we may be required to withhold all or substantially all of the cash we would otherwise distribute to a non-U.S. shareholder.

 

Non-U.S. shareholders are urged to consult their tax advisors with respect to the U.S. federal income and withholding tax consequences of an investment in our Common Shares.

 

Information Reporting and Backup Withholding

 

A non-U.S. shareholder who is otherwise subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax, may be subject to information reporting and backup withholding of U.S. federal income tax on dividends unless the non-U.S. shareholder provides us or the dividend paying agent with an IRS Form W-8BEN or IRS Form W-8BEN-E (or an acceptable substitute form) or otherwise meets documentary evidence requirements for establishing that it is a non-U.S. shareholder or otherwise establishes an exemption from backup withholding.

 

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Withholding and Information Reporting on Financial Accounts

 

Pursuant to Sections 1471 to 1474 of the Code and the U.S. Treasury regulations thereunder, the relevant withholding agent generally will be required to withhold 30% of any dividends paid on our Common Shares to: (i) a foreign financial institution unless such foreign financial institution agrees to verify, report and disclose its U.S. accountholders and meets certain other specified requirements or (ii) a non-financial foreign entity that is the beneficial owner of the payment unless such entity certifies that it does not have any substantial U.S. owners or provides the name, address and taxpayer identification number of each substantial U.S. owner and such entity meets certain other specified requirements or is subject to an applicable “intergovernmental agreement.”  If payment of this withholding tax is made, non-U.S. shareholders that are otherwise eligible for an exemption from, or reduction of, U.S. federal withholding taxes with respect to such dividends will be required to seek a credit or refund from the IRS to obtain the benefit of such exemption or reduction. In certain cases, the relevant foreign financial institution or non-financial foreign entity may qualify for an exemption from, or be deemed to be in compliance with, these rules. Certain jurisdictions have entered into agreements with the United States that may supplement or modify these rules. Non-U.S. shareholders should consult their own tax advisers regarding the particular consequences to them of this legislation and guidance. We will not pay any additional amounts in respect of any amounts withheld.

 

Non-U.S. shareholders are urged to consult their tax advisers with respect to the U.S. federal income and withholding tax consequences, and state, local and non-U.S. tax consequences, of an investment in our Common Shares.

 

Other Taxation

 

Shareholders may be subject to state, local and foreign taxes on their distributions from our Common Shares. Shareholders are advised to consult their own tax advisors with respect to the particular tax consequences to them of an investment in our Common Shares.

 

SHAREHOLDERS SHOULD CONSULT THEIR OWN TAX ADVISORS REGARDING
THE PARTICULAR TAX CONSEQUENCES TO THEM OF AN INVESTMENT IN THE
FUND, INCLUDING THE STATE, LOCAL AND NON-U.S. INCOME AND OTHER
TAX CONSEQUENCES OF AN INVESTMENT IN SHARES OF OUR COMMON SHARES.

 

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RESTRICTIONS ON SHARE OWNERSHIP

 

Each prospective investor that is, or is acting on behalf of, any (i) “employee benefit plan” (within the meaning of Section 3(3) of ERISA) subject to Title I of ERISA, (ii) “plan” described in Section 4975(e)(1) of the Code, subject to Section 4975 of the Code (including for e.g., IRA and a “Keogh” plan), (iii) plan, account or other arrangement that is subject to provisions under any Similar Laws, or (iv) entity whose underlying assets are considered to include the assets of any of the foregoing described in clauses (i), (ii) and (iii), pursuant to ERISA or otherwise (each of the foregoing described in clauses (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) referred to herein as a “Plan”), must independently determine that our Common Shares are an appropriate investment, taking into account its obligations under ERISA, the Code and applicable Similar Laws.

 

In contemplating an investment in the Fund, each fiduciary of the Plan who is responsible for making such an investment should carefully consider, taking into account the facts and circumstances of the Plan, whether such investment is consistent with the applicable provisions of ERISA, the Code or any Similar Law relating to a fiduciary’s duties to the Plan including, without limitation, the prudence, diversification, delegation of control and prohibited transaction provisions of ERISA, Section 4975 of the Code and any other applicable Similar Laws. Furthermore, absent an exemption, the fiduciaries of a Plan should not invest in the Fund with the assets of any Plan if our investment adviser or any of its affiliates is a fiduciary with respect to such assets of the Plan.

 

In contemplating an investment in the Fund, fiduciaries of Plans subject to Title I of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code (a “Covered Plan”) should also carefully consider the definition of the term “plan assets” in ERISA and the Plan Asset Regulations. Under ERISA and the Plan Asset Regulations, when a Covered Plan invests in an equity interest of an entity that is neither a “publicly offered security” (within the meaning of the Plan Asset Regulations) nor a security issued by an investment company registered under the Investment Company Act, the Covered Plan’s assets include both the equity interest and an undivided interest in each of the entity’s underlying assets, unless it is established that the entity is an “operating company” or that equity participation in the entity by “benefit plan investors” (“Benefit Plan Investors”) is not “significant” (each within the meaning of the Plan Asset Regulations). The term “Benefit Plan Investor” is defined in the Plan Asset Regulations to include (a) any employee benefit plan (as defined in section 3(3) of ERISA) subject to the provisions of Title I of ERISA, (b) any plan described in section 4975(e)(1) of the Code subject to Section 4975 of the Code, and (c) any entity whose underlying assets include plan assets by reason of such an employee benefit plan’s or plan’s investment in the entity.

 

Under the Plan Asset Regulations, equity participation in an entity by Benefit Plan Investors is “significant” on any date if, immediately after the most recent acquisition of any equity interest in the entity, 25% or more of the total value of any class of equity interests is held by Benefit Plan Investors. For purposes of this determination, the value of equity interests held by a person (other than a Benefit Plan Investor) who has discretionary authority or control with respect to the assets of the entity or that provides investment advice for a fee (direct or indirect) with respect to such assets (or any affiliate of such a person) is disregarded (each such person, a “Controlling Person”).

 

If the assets of the Fund were deemed to be “plan assets” under the Plan Asset Regulations, this would result, among other things, in (i) the application of the prudence and other fiduciary responsibility standards of ERISA to investments made by the Fund, and (ii) the possibility that certain transactions in which the Fund might seek to engage could constitute “prohibited transactions” under ERISA and the Code. If a prohibited transaction occurs for which no exemption is available, our investment adviser and/or any other fiduciary that has engaged in the prohibited transaction could be required to (i) restore to the Covered Plan any profit realized on the transaction and (ii) reimburse the Covered Plan for any losses suffered by the Covered Plan as a result of the investment. In addition, each disqualified person (within the meaning of Section 4975 of the Code) involved could be subject to an excise tax equal to 15% of the amount involved in the prohibited transaction for each year the transaction continues and, unless the transaction is corrected within statutorily required periods, to an additional tax of 100%. Fiduciaries of Covered Plan who decide to invest in the Fund could, under certain circumstances, be liable for prohibited transactions or other violations as a result of their investment in the Fund or as co-fiduciaries for actions taken by or on behalf of the Fund or our investment adviser. With respect to an IRA that invests in the Fund, the occurrence of a prohibited transaction involving the individual who established the IRA, or his or her beneficiaries, would cause the IRA to lose its tax-exempt status.

 

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Accordingly, for so long as the shares of the Fund are not considered “publicly offered securities” within the meaning of the Plan Asset Regulations, the Fund intends to limit Benefit Plan Investors’ investments in each class of shares of the Fund to less than 25%, disregarding equity interests held by Controlling Persons, within the meaning of the Plan Asset Regulations. In this respect, in order to avoid the possibility that our assets could be treated as “plan assets,” within the meaning of the Plan Asset Regulations, we may require any person proposing to acquire Common Shares to furnish such information as may be necessary to determine whether such person is a Benefit Plan Investor or a Controlling Person.

 

In addition, we have the power to (a) exclude any common shareholder or potential common shareholder from purchasing Common Shares; (b) prohibit any redemption of Common Shares; and (c) redeem some or all Common Shares held by any holder if, and to the extent that, our Board of Trustees determines that there is a substantial likelihood that such holder’s purchase, ownership or redemption of Common Shares would result in (i) our assets to be characterized as “plan assets,” subject to the fiduciary responsibility or prohibited transaction provisions of ERISA, Section 4975 of the Code or any provisions of any Similar Laws or (ii) the Fund, our investment adviser or any affiliates thereof to be considered a fiduciary of any common shareholder for purposes of the fiduciary responsibility or prohibited transaction provisions of Title I of ERISA, Section 4975 of the Code or any applicable Similar Laws, and all Common Shares shall be subject to such terms and conditions.

 

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CUSTODIAN, TRANSFER AND DISTRIBUTION PAYING AGENT AND REGISTRAR

 

Our securities are held under a custody agreement by U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association. The address of the custodian is One Federal Street, 3rd Floor, Boston, MA 02110. DST Asset Manager Solutions, Inc. acts as the transfer agent, dividend paying agent and registrar for our Common Shares. The principal business address of 1055 Broadway, Kansas City, MO 64105.

 

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BROKERAGE ALLOCATION AND OTHER PRACTICES

 

Since we will generally acquire and dispose of our investments in privately negotiated transactions, we will infrequently use brokers in the normal course of our business. Subject to policies established by our Board of Trustees, if any, our investment adviser will be primarily responsible for the execution of any publicly traded securities portfolio transactions and the allocation of brokerage commissions. Our investment adviser does not expect to execute transactions through any particular broker or dealer, but will seek to obtain the best net results for us, taking into account such factors as price (including the applicable brokerage commission or dealer spread), size of order, difficulty of execution, and operational facilities of the firm and the firm’s risk and skill in positioning blocks of securities. While our investment adviser generally will seek reasonably competitive trade execution costs, we will not necessarily pay the lowest spread or commission available. Subject to applicable legal requirements, our investment adviser may select a broker based partly upon brokerage or research services provided to it and us and any other clients. In return for such services, we may pay a higher commission than other brokers would charge if our investment adviser determines in good faith that such commission is reasonable in relation to the services provided.

 

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INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

 

KPMG LLP, located at 550 South Hope Street, Suite 1500, Los Angeles, California 90071, is the independent registered public accounting firm of the Fund.

 

The audited financial statement of the Fund included in this prospectus has been so included in reliance on the report of KPMG LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm whose report thereon is included elsewhere in this prospectus, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.

 

 

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LEGAL MATTERS

 

Certain legal matters in connection with the Common Shares have been passed upon for the Fund by Richards, Layton & Finger, P.A., Wilmington, Delaware. Kirkland & Ellis LLP, Los Angeles, CA and New York, NY, acts as counsel to the Fund.

 

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AVAILABLE INFORMATION

 

We have filed with the SEC a registration statement on Form N-2, together with all amendments and related exhibits, under the Securities Act, with respect to the securities offered by this prospectus. The registration statement contains additional information about us and the securities being offered by this prospectus.

 

We file with or submit to the SEC annual, quarterly and current periodic reports, proxy statements and other information meeting the informational requirements of the Exchange Act. This information is available free of charge by calling us collect at 866-324-7348, by sending an e-mail to us at wmsoperations@aresmgmt.com or on our website at https://areswmsresources.com/investment-solutions/asif/. Information contained on our website is not incorporated into this prospectus and you should not consider such information to be part of this document. The SEC maintains an internet site that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information filed electronically by us with the SEC, which are available on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov. In addition, each of our and our investment adviser’s code of ethics is also available on the EDGAR Database http://www.sec.gov, and copies of these codes of ethics may be obtained, after paying a duplicating fee, by electronic request at the following email address: publicinfo@sec.gov.

 

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INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENT

 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm F-2
Statement of Assets and Liabilities as of October 14, 2022 F-3
Notes to Financial Statement F-4

 

F-1

 

 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 

To the shareholder and Board of Trustees

 

Ares Strategic Income Fund:

 

Opinion on the Financial Statement

 

We have audited the accompanying statement of assets and liabilities of Ares Strategic Income Fund (the “Fund”), as of October 14, 2022 and the related notes (collectively, the “financial statement”). In our opinion, the financial statement presents fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Fund as of October 14, 2022 in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

 

Basis for Opinion

 

This financial statement is the responsibility of the Fund’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the financial statement based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Fund in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

 

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statement is free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audit included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statement, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statement. Our audit also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statement. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

/s/ KPMG LLP

 

We have served as the Fund’s auditor since 2022.

 

Los Angeles, California

 

November 9, 2022

 

F-2

 

 

ARES STRATEGIC INCOME FUND

STATEMENT OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES

 

   As of
October 14, 2022
 
ASSETS     
Cash and cash equivalents  $25,000 
Total assets  $25,000 
Commitments and contingencies (Note 4)     
NET ASSETS        
Common shares, par value $0.01 per share, unlimited common shares authorized; 1,000 common shares issued and outstanding  $10 
Capital in excess of par value   24,990 
Total net assets  $25,000 
NET ASSETS PER SHARE  $25.00 

 

See accompanying notes to financial statement.

 

F-3

 

 

ARES STRATEGIC INCOME FUND

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENT

As of October 14, 2022

1. ORGANIZATION

 

Ares Strategic Income Fund (the “Fund”) is a newly organized Delaware statutory trust formed on March 15, 2022. The Fund is a specialty finance company that is a closed-end management investment company. The Fund intends to elect to be regulated as a business development company (“BDC”) under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (together with the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, the “Investment Company Act”). The Fund intends to elect to be treated as a regulated investment company (“RIC”) under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), and operates in a manner so as to qualify for the tax treatment applicable to RICs.

 

The Fund intends to enter into an investment advisory and management agreement with Ares Capital Management LLC (“Ares Capital Management” or the Fund’s “investment adviser”), a subsidiary of Ares Management Corporation (“Ares Management”), a publicly traded, leading global alternative investment manager. In addition, the Fund intends to enter into an administration agreement with Ares Operations LLC (“Ares Operations” or the Fund’s “administrator”), a subsidiary of Ares Management, pursuant to which the administrator will provide administrative and other services necessary for the Fund to operate.

 

The Fund’s investment objective is to generate current income and, to a lesser extent, long-term capital appreciation. The Fund intends to invest primarily in directly originated assets, including first lien senior secured loans, second lien senior secured loans, subordinated secured and unsecured loans, subordinated debt, which in some cases includes equity and/or preferred components and other types of credit instruments, made to or issued by U.S. middle-market companies, which the Fund generally defines as companies with annual EBITDA between $10 million and $250 million. The Fund may also make investments in broadly syndicated loans and other more liquid credit investment opportunities, including in publicly traded debt instruments, for cash management purposes. The credit instruments the Fund may invest in include commercial real estate mezzanine loans, real estate mortgages, distressed instruments, securitized products, notes, bills, debentures, bank loans, convertible and preferred securities, infrastructure debt and government and municipal obligations. The Fund may also invest in foreign instruments and illiquid and restricted securities. Under normal circumstances, the Fund will invest directly or indirectly at least 80% of our total assets (net assets plus borrowings for investment purposes) in debt instruments of varying maturities.

 

On October 6, 2022, an affiliate of the Fund’s investment adviser, as its sole initial shareholder, purchased 1,000 shares of the Fund’s common shares of beneficial interest at $25.00 per share.

 

As of October 14, 2022, the Fund was still devoting substantially all of its efforts to establishing the business and its planned principal operations and investing activities had not commenced.

 

2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

 

Basis of Presentation

 

The accompanying financial statement has been prepared on the accrual basis of accounting in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”). The Fund is an investment company following accounting and reporting guidance in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 946, Financial Services-Investment Companies. The Fund’s first fiscal period will end on December 31, 2022.

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

Cash and cash equivalents include funds from time to time deposited with financial institutions and short-term, liquid investments in a money market account. Cash and cash equivalents are carried at cost which approximates fair value.

 

Concentration of Credit Risk

 

The Fund places its cash and cash equivalents with financial institutions and, at times, cash held in money market accounts may exceed the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insured limit.

 

F-4

 

 

Organization and Offering Costs

 

Organization and offering costs will only be borne by the Fund if the Fund Breaks Escrow (as defined below) for its initial offering, at which time, costs associated with the organization of the Fund will be expensed as incurred. Costs associated with the offering of common shares of the Fund will be capitalized as deferred offering expenses and included as prepaid and other assets on the statement of assets and liabilities and amortized over a twelve-month period from incurrence. Refer to “Note 4. Commitments and Contingencies” for additional details.

 

Income Taxes

 

The Fund intends to elect to be treated as a RIC under the Code and operates in a manner so as to qualify for the tax treatment applicable to RICs. To qualify as a RIC, the Fund must (among other requirements) meet certain source-of- income and asset diversification requirements and timely distribute to its shareholders at least 90% of its investment company taxable income, as defined by the Code, for each year. The Fund intends to make the requisite distributions to its shareholders, which will generally relieve the Fund from U.S. federal corporate-level income taxes.

 

Depending on the level of taxable income earned in a tax year, the Fund may choose to carry forward taxable income in excess of current year dividend distributions from such current year taxable income into the next tax year and pay a 4% excise tax on such income, as required. To the extent that the Fund determines that its estimated current year taxable income will be in excess of estimated dividend distributions for the current year from such income, the Fund accrues excise tax, if any, on estimated excess taxable income as such taxable income is earned.

 

Use of Estimates in the Preparation of the Financial Statement

 

The preparation of the financial statement in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of actual and contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statement and the reported amounts of income or loss and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

 

The Fund does not believe any recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting standards, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the accompanying financial statement.

 

3. AGREEMENTS

 

Investment Advisory and Management Agreement

 

The Fund intends to be party to an investment advisory and management agreement with Ares Capital Management. Subject to the overall supervision of the Fund’s Board of Trustees (the “Board”), Ares Capital Management will provide investment advisory and management services to the Fund. For providing these services, Ares Capital Management will receive fees from the Fund consisting of a base management fee and an incentive fee. The cost of the management fee and the incentive fee will ultimately be borne by the shareholders. No management fee or incentive fee will be payable to the investment adviser until the commencement of investment activities. Without payment of any penalty, the Fund will have the right to terminate the investment advisory and management agreement upon 60 days’ written notice, and Ares Capital Management will have the right to terminate the agreement upon 120 days’ written notice.

 

The base management fee will be payable monthly in arrears at an annual rate of 1.25% of the value of the Fund’s net assets as of the beginning of the first calendar day of the applicable month. For purposes of the investment advisory and management agreement, net assets means the Fund’s total assets less liabilities, determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP. For the first calendar month in which the Fund has operations, net assets, as defined by GAAP, will be measured as the beginning net assets as of the effective date of the investment advisory and management agreement. The management fee calculation will be prorated for any partial months, including the first calendar month in which the Fund commenced operations.

 

The incentive fee will consist of two components that are independent of each other, with the result that one component may be payable even if the other is not. A portion of the incentive fee is based on a percentage of the Fund’s income and a portion is based on a percentage of the Fund’s capital gains, each as described below.

 

F-5

 

 

(i)       Incentive Fee Based on Income

 

The portion based on the Fund’s income is based on pre-incentive fee net investment income, as defined in the investment advisory and management agreement, for the quarter. Pre-incentive fee net investment income means, as the context requires, either the dollar value of, or percentage rate of return on the value of the Fund’s net assets in accordance with GAAP at the end of the immediately preceding quarter from, interest income, dividend income and any other income (including any other fees (other than fees for providing managerial assistance), such as commitment, origination, structuring, diligence and consulting fees or other fees that the Fund receives from portfolio companies’ accrued during the calendar quarter, minus the Fund’s operating expenses accrued for the quarter (including the management fee, expenses payable under the administration agreement, and any interest expense or fees on any credit facilities or outstanding debt and dividends paid on any issued and outstanding preferred shares, but excluding the incentive fee and any distribution or shareholder servicing fees).

 

Pre-incentive fee net investment income includes, in the case of investments with a deferred income feature (such as market discount or original issue discount, debt instruments with PIK interest, preferred stock with PIK dividends and zero coupon securities), accrued income that the Fund has not yet received in cash.

 

Pre-incentive fee net investment income does not include any realized gains, realized losses or unrealized appreciation or depreciation. The impact of expense support payments and recoupments are also excluded from pre-incentive fee net investment income. Because of the structure of the incentive fee based on income, it is possible that the Fund may pay such fees in a quarter where it incurs a loss. For example, if the Fund receives pre-incentive fee net investment income in excess of the hurdle rate for a quarter, the Fund will pay the applicable incentive fee based on income even if the Fund has incurred a loss in that quarter due to realized and/or unrealized losses.

 

Pre-incentive fee net investment income, expressed as a rate of return on the value of the Fund’s net assets at the end of the immediately preceding quarter, is compared to a “hurdle rate” of 1.25% per quarter (5.0% annualized).

 

The Fund will pay its investment adviser an incentive fee quarterly in arrears with respect to the Fund’s pre-incentive fee net investment income in each calendar quarter as follows:

 

·No incentive fee based on pre-incentive fee net investment income in any calendar quarter in which the Fund’s pre-incentive fee net investment income does not exceed the hurdle rate of 1.25% per quarter (5.00% annualized);

 

·100% of the dollar amount of Fund’s pre-incentive fee net investment income with respect to that portion of such pre-incentive fee net investment income, if any, that exceeds the hurdle rate but is less than a rate of return of 1.43% (5.72% annualized). This portion of the pre-incentive fee net investment income (which exceeds the hurdle rate but is less than 1.43%) is referred to as the “catch-up”. The “catch-up” is meant to provide the Fund’s investment adviser with 12.5% of the pre-incentive fee net investment income as if a hurdle rate did not apply if this net investment income exceeds 1.43% in any calendar quarter; and

 

·12.5% of the dollar amount of the Fund’s pre-incentive fee net investment income, if any, that exceeds a rate of return of 1.43% (5.72% annualized). This reflects that once the hurdle rate is reached and the catch-up is achieved, 12.5% of all pre-incentive fee net investment income thereafter are allocated to the investment adviser.

 

The fees that are payable under the investment advisory and management agreement for any partial period will be appropriately prorated and adjusted for any share issuances or repurchases during the relevant period.

 

(ii)       Incentive Fee Based on Capital Gains

 

The second component of the incentive fee is payable in arrears at the end of each calendar year in an amount equal to 12.5% of cumulative realized gains from inception through the end of such calendar year, computed net of all realized losses and unrealized depreciation on a cumulative basis, as calculated in accordance with GAAP, less the aggregate amount of any previously paid capital gains incentive fees.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Fund is required by GAAP to record an investment at its fair value as of the time of acquisition instead of at the actual amount paid for such investment by the Fund (including, for example, as a result of the application of the asset acquisition method of accounting), then solely for the purposes of calculating the capital gains incentive fee, the “accreted or amortized cost basis” of an investment shall be an amount (the “Contractual Cost Basis”) equal to (1) (x) the actual amount paid by the Fund for such investment plus (y) any amounts recorded in the Fund’s financial statements as required by GAAP that are attributable to the accretion of such investment plus (z) any other adjustments made to the cost basis included in the Fund’s financial statements, including PIK interest or additional amounts funded (net of repayments) minus (2) any amounts recorded in the Fund’s financial statements as required by GAAP that are attributable to the amortization of such investment, whether such calculated Contractual Cost Basis is higher or lower than the fair value of such investment (as determined in accordance with GAAP) at the time of acquisition.

 

F-6

 

 

In no event will the capital gains incentive fee payable pursuant to the investment advisory and management agreement be in excess of the amount permitted by the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, or the “Advisers Act.” If the investment advisory and management agreement shall terminate as of a date that is not a calendar year end, the termination shall be treated as though it were a calendar year end for purposes of calculating and paying a capital gains incentive fee.

 

The fees that are payable under the investment advisory and management agreement for any partial period will be appropriately prorated and adjusted for any share issuances or repurchases during the relevant period.

 

Administration Agreement

 

The Fund intends to be a party to an administration agreement, referred to herein as the “administration agreement”, with its administrator, Ares Operations. Pursuant to the administration agreement, Ares Operations will furnish the Fund with office equipment and clerical, bookkeeping and record keeping services at the Fund’s office facilities. Under the administration agreement, Ares Operations will also perform, or oversee the performance of, the Fund’s required administrative services, which will include, among other things, providing assistance in accounting, legal, compliance, operations, technology and investor relations, being responsible for the financial records that the Fund is required to maintain and preparing reports to its shareholders and reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). In addition, Ares Operations will assist the Fund in determining and publishing its net asset value (“NAV”), will assist the Fund in providing managerial assistance to its portfolio companies, oversee the preparation and filing of the Fund’s tax returns and the printing and dissemination of reports to its shareholders, and will generally oversee the payment of its expenses and the performance of administrative and professional services rendered to the Fund by others. Payments under the administration agreement will equal to an amount based upon its allocable portion of Ares Operations’ overhead and other expenses (including travel expenses) incurred by Ares Operations in performing its obligations under the administration agreement, including the Fund’s allocable portion of the compensation, rent and other expenses of certain of its officers and their respective staffs. The administration agreement may be terminated by either party without penalty upon 60 days’ written notice to the other party.

 

Intermediary Manager Agreement

 

The Fund intends to be a party to an intermediary manager agreement (the “Intermediary Manager Agreement”) with Ares Wealth Management Solutions, LLC (“the Intermediary Manager”), an affiliate of the Fund’s investment adviser. The Intermediary Manager will be entitled to receive shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees monthly in arrears at an annual rate of 0.85% and 0.25% of the value of the Fund’s net assets attributable to Class S shares and Class D shares, respectively, as of the beginning of the first calendar day of the month. No shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees will be paid with respect to Class I shares. The shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees will be payable to the Intermediary Manager, but the Intermediary Manager anticipates that all or a portion of the shareholder servicing fees and/or distribution fees will be retained by, or reallowed (paid) to, participating brokers.

 

The Intermediary Manager is a broker-dealer registered with the SEC and a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc.

 

The Intermediary Manager Agreement may be terminated at any time, without the payment of any penalty, by vote of a majority of the Fund’s trustees who are not “interested persons”, as defined in the Investment Company Act, of the Fund and who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the Fund’s distribution plan or the Intermediary Manager Agreement or by vote a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund, on not more than 60 days’ written notice to the Intermediary Manager or the Fund’s investment adviser. The Intermediary Manager Agreement will automatically terminate in the event of its assignment, as defined in the Investment Company Act.

 

Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement

 

The Fund intends to enter into an expense support and conditional reimbursement agreement (the “Expense Support Agreement”) with the Fund’s investment adviser. The Fund’s investment adviser may elect to pay certain of the Fund’s expenses on the Fund’s behalf (each, an “Expense Payment”), provided that no portion of the payment will be used to pay any interest expense or distribution and/or shareholder servicing fees of the Fund. Any Expense Payment that the Fund’s investment adviser has committed to pay must be paid by the Fund’s investment adviser to the Fund in any combination of cash or other immediately available funds no later than forty-five days after such commitment was made in writing, and/or offset against amounts due from the Fund to the Fund’s investment adviser or its affiliates.

 

F-7

 

 

Following any calendar month in which Available Operating Funds (as defined below) exceed the cumulative distributions accrued to the Fund’s shareholders based on distributions declared with respect to record dates occurring in such calendar month (the amount of such excess being hereinafter referred to as “Excess Operating Funds”), the Fund shall pay such Excess Operating Funds, or a portion thereof, to the Fund’s investment adviser until such time as all Expense Payments made by the Fund’s investment adviser to the Fund within three years prior to the last business day of such calendar month have been reimbursed. Any payments required to be made by the Fund shall be referred to herein as a “Reimbursement Payment.” Reimbursement Payments are conditioned on (i) an expense ratio (excluding any management or incentive fee) that, after giving effect to the recoupment, is lower than the expense ratio (excluding any management or incentive fee) at the time of the fee waiver or expense reimbursement and (ii) a distribution level (exclusive of return of capital, if any) equal to, or greater than, the rate at the time of the waiver or reimbursement. “Available Operating Funds” means the sum of (i) net investment company taxable income (including net short-term capital gains reduced by net long-term capital losses), (ii) net capital gains (including the excess of net long-term capital gains over net short-term capital losses) and (iii) dividends and other distributions paid to the Fund on account of investments in portfolio companies (to the extent such amounts listed in clause (iii) are not included under clauses (i) and (ii) above).

 

The Fund’s obligation to make a Reimbursement Payment shall automatically become a liability of the Fund on the last business day of the applicable calendar month, except to the extent the Fund’s investment adviser has waived its right to receive such payment for the applicable month. Reimbursement Payments for a given Expense Payment must be made within three years of the last business day of the applicable calendar month. The expense support is measured on a per share class basis.

 

4. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

 

The Fund’s investment adviser has agreed to advance all of the Fund’s expenses, including organization and offering expenses, through the date on which the Fund Breaks Escrow for the initial offering of its common shares. The Fund will be obligated to reimburse the Fund’s investment adviser for such advanced expenses upon Breaking Escrow for the offering. The total organization and offering costs incurred through October 14, 2022 were approximately $2.9 million.

 

5. DEBT

 

In accordance with the Investment Company Act, with certain limitations, the Fund is allowed to borrow amounts such that its asset coverage, as defined in the Investment Company Act, is at least 150% after such borrowing.

 

6. NET ASSETS

 

In connection with its formation, the Fund has the authority to issue an unlimited number of common shares of beneficial interest at $0.01 per share par value. On October 6, 2022, an affiliate of the investment adviser purchased 1,000 shares of the Fund’s common shares of beneficial interest at $25.00 per share.

 

The Fund intends to offer on a continuous basis up to $5.0 billion of common shares of beneficial interest pursuant to an offering registered with the SEC. Subject to the receipt of an exemptive relief order from the SEC, the Fund expects to offer to sell any combination of three classes of common shares, Class S shares, Class D shares and Class I shares, with a dollar value up to the maximum offering amount. Until the release of proceeds from escrow, the per share purchase price for the common shares in the primary offering will be $25.00 per share. Thereafter, the purchase price per share for each class of common shares will equal the NAV per share, as of the effective date of the monthly share purchase date. The Intermediary Manager will use its best efforts to sell shares, but is not obligated to purchase or sell any specific amount of shares in the offering.

 

The Fund will accept purchase orders and hold investors’ funds in an interest-bearing escrow account until the Fund receives purchase orders for at least $100.0 million, including funds the Fund may raise through one or more private placements of the Fund’s common shares but excluding shares purchased by the Adviser, its affiliates and trustees and officers, in any combination of purchases of Class S shares, Class D shares and Class I shares, and the Board has authorized the release of funds in the escrow account (“Breaks Escrow”).

 

The Fund submitted to the SEC an application for an exemptive order to permit it to offer multiple classes of its common shares. Until an exemptive order satisfactory to the Fund and the SEC is granted, the Fund will only offer Class I shares and will not issue Class S or Class D shares.

 

F-8

 

 

7. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

 

The Fund’s management has evaluated subsequent events through the date of issuance of the financial statement included herein. There have been no subsequent events that occurred during such period that would require disclosure in the financial statement or accompanying notes.

 

F-9

 

 

APPENDIX A: FORM OF SUBSCRIPTION AGREEMENT

 

   
Investor Name  

 

 

Subscription Agreement

CLASS S SHARES, CLASS D SHARES AND CLASS I SHARES

Effective as of XXXX 2023

         
Ares Strategic Income Fund

 

1. Investment — See payment instructions on next page    
Please check the appropriate box:    
o Initial Investment — please see investment minimum in Section 3.                                                                                                                                         
o Additional Investment $                                                             Total $ Invested
     

 

  Account # (for existing investors)    
       
  State of Sale    

 

2.Investment Method

 

 ¨By Mail  —      Attach a check made payable to Ares Strategic Income Fund.
     
¨By Wire —  Account Name: UMB Bank, N.A., Kansas City, MO 64106
    ABA Routing Number: 101000695
    Account Number: 9871976114
    Beneficiary: Ares Strategic Income Fund

 

Please request when sending a wire that the wire reference the investor’s name in order to assure that the wire is credited to the proper account.

 

3.Share Class

 

Please consult with your financial professional regarding the Share Class and commissions structure of your investment and check one of the following options. The prospectus of Ares Strategic Income Fund, as amended and supplemented as of the date hereof (the “Prospectus”), contains additional information regarding the different share classes.

 

  oShare Class S – The minimum investment is $2,500 o Share Class D** – The minimum investment is $2,500

 

  oShare Class I** – The minimum investment is $1,000,000 (unless waived by dealer manager)

 

**Available for certain fee-based wrap accounts and other eligible investors as disclosed in the Prospectus.

 

4.Type of Ownership (All authorized owners must sign in Section 11)

 

A.

Is your investment held through a custodian or through a brokerage/advisory account?

 

  ¨  Yes      ¨  No  
     
  If yes, please complete the Section below and deliver the completed subscription agreement to your custodian, broker-dealer (including a dually registered broker-dealer / registered investment adviser).
                                            
  Name of Custodian or Broker-Dealer  
     
  Account #  

 

A-1

 

 

   
Investor Name  

 

 

Subscription Agreement

CLASS S SHARES, CLASS D SHARES AND CLASS I SHARES

Effective as of XXXX 2023

         
Ares Strategic Income Fund

 

4.Type of Ownership (continued)

 

B. Please select one type of ownership below

 

  Non-Qualified   Qualified
  ¨ Individual Ownership   ¨ Traditional IRA
  ¨ Joint Tenants with Rights of Survivorship   ¨ Roth IRA
  ¨ Transfer on Death   ¨ Decedent IRA
    Fill out Transfer on Death Form to effect designation.    
    (Available through your financial professional)         
  ¨ Tenants in Common     Name of Deceased
  ¨ Community Property   ¨ Simplified Employee Pension/Trust (SEP)
  ¨ Uniform Gift to Minors Act   ¨ Other (Specify)
  ¨ Plan      
   Additional documentation required in Section 5C.    
  ¨ Trust    
   Additional documentation required in Section 5C.    
  ¨ Corporation/Partnership    
   Additional documentation required in Section 5C.    
       
  ¨  Other (Specify)    
       
       

 

5.Subscriber Information

 

A. Investor Name — Investor/Trustee/Executor/Authorized Signatory Information

 

 Residential street address MUST be provided. See Section 6 if mailing address is different than residential street address

 

  First Name   Last Name    
           
           
  Social Security/Taxpayer ID #   Date of Birth (MM/DD/YYYY)  
           
           
  Telephone #   E-mail Address    
           
  Residential Address (no P.O. Box)      
           
           
  Street Address   City State ZIP
           
  Mailing Address (if different from above)      
         
           
  Street Address   City State ZIP
           
  Please Indicate Citizenship Status      
           
  o U.S. Citizen o Resident Alien o Non-Resident Alien  

 

A-2

 

 

   
Investor Name  

 

 

Subscription Agreement

CLASS S SHARES, CLASS D SHARES AND CLASS I SHARES

Effective as of XXXX 2023

         
Ares Strategic Income Fund

 

5.Subscriber Information (continued)

 

B.Co-Investor Name — Co-Investor/Co-Trustee/Co-Authorized Signatory Information, if applicable

 

  First Name   Last Name    
           
           
  Social Security/Taxpayer ID #   Date of Birth (MM/DD/YYYY)  
           
           
  Telephone #        
           
  Residential Address (no P.O. Box)        
           
           
  Street Address   City State ZIP
           
  Mailing Address (if different from above)      
         
           
  Street Address   City State ZIP
           
  Please Indicate Citizenship Status      
         
  o U.S. Citizen o Resident Alien o Non-Resident Alien  

 

C.Entity Information — Retirement Plan/Trust/Corporation/Partnership/Other
 (Trustee(s) and/or Authorized Signatory(s) information MUST be provided in Sections 5A and 5B)

 

  Entity Name Entity Tax ID # Date of Formation
       
  Entity Type (Select one — required)    
       
  o Retirement Plan o LLC (Plan documentation required)
  o Taxable Trust (First and last pages of the trust document required) o Partnership (Plan documentation required)
  o Tax-exempt Trust (First and last pages of the trust document required) o Estate (Letter of Testamentary required)
  o S-Corp (Corporate Resolution required) o Other (Specify)

o     C-Corp (Corporate Resolution required)  

 

6.Contact Information (If different than provided in Section 5A)

 

           
  Mailing Address   City State ZIP
           
           
  E-mail Address        

 

A-3

 

 

   
Investor Name  

 

 

Subscription Agreement

CLASS S SHARES, CLASS D SHARES AND CLASS I SHARES

Effective as of XXXX 2023

         
Ares Strategic Income Fund

 

7.Electronic Delivery Form (Optional)

 

Instead of receiving paper copies of the Prospectus, prospectus supplements, annual reports, proxy statements, and other shareholder communications and reports, you may elect to receive electronic delivery of shareholder communications and other documents from Ares Strategic Income Fund. If you would like to consent to electronic delivery, including pursuant to email, please check the box below for this election.

 

We encourage you to reduce printing and mailing costs and to conserve natural resources by electing to receive electronic delivery of shareholder communications and statement notifications. By consenting below to electronically receive shareholder communications, including your account-specific information, you authorize said offering(s) to either (i) email shareholder communications to you directly or (ii) make them available on our website and notify you by email when and where such documents are available.

 

You will not receive paper copies of these electronic materials unless specifically requested, the delivery of electronic materials is prohibited or we, in our sole discretion, elect to send paper copies of the materials.

 

By consenting to electronic access, you will be responsible for certain costs, such as your customary internet service provider charges, and may be required to download software in connection with access to these materials. You understand this electronic delivery program may be changed or discontinued and that the terms of this agreement may be amended at any time. You understand that there are possible risks associated with electronic delivery such as emails not transmitting, links failing to function properly and system failure of online service providers, and that there is no warranty or guarantee given concerning the transmissions of email, the availability of the website, or information on it, other than as required by law. You agree to promptly notify us of any change in your e-mail address. You agree that our sending of the notice or email will constitute good and effective delivery of the information to you, regardless of whether you actually access the website containing the information or open the email and/or attachments. The documents and other information delivered electronically may be formatted in Adobe Acrobat’s portable document format (“PDF”), hypertext mark-up language (“HTML”) or other file formats we deem appropriate. In order to view or print documents provided in PDF format, you will have to obtain the Adobe Acrobat Reader, which is available free of charge at Adobe’s website (located at www.adobe.com), and install it on your computer. You are responsible for having any necessary hardware, software or other technology to access the information sent electronically, including a printer or other device to download and save any information that you may wish to retain.

 

  Initials                       I consent to electronic delivery  
     
     
  E-mail Address  
  If blank, the e-mail address provided in Section 5A will be used.  

 

8.Distributions

 

If you wish to enroll in the Distribution Reinvestment Plan, please complete the information below. If you do not make an election, then your distributions will be paid in cash to your custodian OR address of record.

 

Only complete the following information if you do not wish to enroll in the Distribution Reinvestment Plan.

 

Non-Custodial Ownership

 

oI prefer that my distribution be deposited directly into the account listed in Section 9.

oI prefer that my distribution be paid by check and sent to the address listed in Section 5.

 

Custodial Ownership

 

o I prefer that my distribution be sent to my Custodian for deposit into my Custodial account cited in Section 4.

 

For Custodial accounts, if you elect cash distributions, the funds must be sent to the Custodian.

 

If you wish to enroll in the Distribution Reinvestment Plan, check this box: o

 

A-4

 

 

   
Investor Name  

 

 

Subscription Agreement

CLASS S SHARES, CLASS D SHARES AND CLASS I SHARES

Effective as of XXXX 2023

         
Ares Strategic Income Fund

 

9.Bank or Brokerage Account Information

 

Complete this Section ONLY if you do NOT wish to enroll in the Distribution Reinvestment Plan and you instead elect to receive cash distributions.

 

I authorize Ares Strategic Income Fund or its agent to deposit my distribution into my checking or savings account. This authority will remain in force until I notify Ares Strategic Income Fund in writing to cancel it. In the event that Ares Strategic Income Fund deposits funds erroneously into my account, it is authorized to debit my account for an amount not to exceed the amount of the erroneous deposit.

 

  Name of Financial Institution      
           
         
  Street Address   City State ZIP
         
         
  Name(s) on Account      
         
  ABA Numbers/Bank Account Number Account Number
       
  o Checking (Attach a voided check.) o Savings (Attach a voided deposit slip.) o Brokerage

 

10. Broker Dealer/Broker-Dealer Representative (Financial Advisor) Information (Required Information)

 

The Financial Advisor must sign below to complete the order.

 

  Name of Financial Advisor (FA)     Broker/Dealer Name (B/D) Telephone Number
               
               
  Mailing Address       Home Office Mailing Address  
               
               
  City State ZIP   City State ZIP
               
               
  B/D Rep # CRD# FA Telephone Number FA E-mail Address
           
               
  FA Signature       B/D Signature (if applicable)  
               
               
  Operations Contact (not required)          

 

The Financial Advisor hereby warrants that he/she is duly licensed to sell shares in the state designated as the investor’s legal residence. Please note that unless previously agreed to in writing by Ares Strategic Income Fund, all sales of securities must be made through a Broker-Dealer, including when an registered investment adviser that is a dually registered broker-dealer has introduced the sale. In all cases, Section 10 must be completed.

 

The undersigned confirm(s), which confirmation is made on behalf of the Broker-Dealer with which Financial Advisor is associated, with respect to sales of securities made through a Broker-Dealer that they (i) have reasonable grounds to believe that the information and representations concerning the investor identified herein are true, correct and complete in all respects; (ii) have discussed such investor’s prospective purchase of shares with such investor; (iii) have advised such investor of all pertinent facts with regard to the lack of liquidity and marketability of the shares; (iv) have delivered or made available a current prospectus and related supplements, if any, to such investor; (v) have reasonable grounds to believe that the investor is purchasing these shares for his or her own account; (vi) have reasonable grounds to believe that the purchase of shares is a suitable investment for such investor, that such investor meets the suitability standards applicable to such investor set forth in the Prospectus and related supplements, if any, and that such investor is in a financial position to enable such investor to realize the benefits of such an investment and to suffer any loss that may occur with respect thereto; and (vii) have advised such investor that the shares have not been registered and are not expected to be registered under the laws of any country or jurisdiction outside of the United States except as otherwise described in the Prospectus. The undersigned Broker-Dealer and Financial Advisor understand and agree that they shall be solely responsible for determining if any recommendation to invest in shares is in the best interest of, or suitable for, the investor, as applicable. Ares Wealth Management Solutions, LLC (“AWMS”) has not made any recommendations to the investor and has not, and is not responsible to, evaluate whether or not an investment in the shares is in the best interest of the investor. The undersigned Broker-Dealer and Financial Advisor listed in Section 10 further represent and certify that, in connection with this subscription for shares, they have complied with and have followed all applicable policies and procedures of their firm relating to, and performed functions required by, federal and state securities laws, rules promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, including, but not limited to Rule 15l-1 (“Regulation Best Interest”) and Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”) rules and regulations including, but not limited to Know Your Customer, Suitability and, any anti-money laundering requirements under the Bank Secrecy Act (“BSA”) and its implementing regulations (e.g., Customer Identification Program, AML Rules) as required by its relationship with the investor(s) identified on this document. The undersigned Broker-Dealer and Financial Advisor acknowledge that the investor who purchases shares through the Broker-Dealer and Financial Advisor firm are “customers” of Broker-Dealer or Financial Advisor’s firm as applicable and not of AWMS, a broker-dealer affiliate of the investment adviser for Ares Strategic Income Fund. The Broker-Dealer hereby represents that it has adopted and implemented, and will maintain a written anti-money laundering compliance program (“AML Program”) including, without limitation, anti-money laundering policies and procedures relating to the Customer Identification Program and the AML Rules. In addition, the Broker-Dealer agrees that it has policies and procedures in place to check the names of new customers against government watch lists, including the U.S. Treasury Department Office of Foreign Asset Control list of Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons. The Broker-Dealer further understands that, while AWMS is required to establish and implement it own AML Program in accordance with the AML Rules, the Broker-Dealer it not relying on AWMS’s AML Program for any purposes. The Broker-Dealer agrees to notify Ares Strategic Income Fund immediately if the firm is subject to a Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) or FINRA disclosure event or a fine from the SEC related to its AML Program.

 

A-5

 

 

   
Investor Name  

 

 

Subscription Agreement

CLASS S SHARES, CLASS D SHARES AND CLASS I SHARES

Effective as of XXXX 2023

         
Ares Strategic Income Fund

 

10. Broker Dealer/Broker-Dealer Representative (Financial Advisor) Information (Required Information) (continued)

 

The Broker-Dealer and Financial Advisor agree to comply with all applicable rules, regulations and guidelines issued by the SEC, FINRA and, to the extent applicable, any individual state securities administrators, as well as any other applicable laws or regulations pertaining to the delivery of the Prospectus any other Fund documentation and signature of this Subscription Agreement, including any electronic delivery and signature requirements that may apply. To the extent applicable with respect to the investor’s investment in the shares, the Broker-Dealer and/or Financial Advisor’s firm will comply with all of the applicable requirements set forth in the NASAA Statement of Policy Regarding Use of Electronic Offering Documents and Electronic Signatures, as may be amended from time to time (the “Statement of Policy”). The Broker-Dealer will comply with such requirements in every U.S. jurisdiction irrespective of whether the jurisdiction has adopted the Statement of Policy. The Broker-Dealer acknowledges that it is acting as an agent of the Fund only with respect to the delivery of the Prospectus and any other Fund documentation electronically, the administration of the subscription process and the obtainment of electronic signatures and only to the extent its firm’s actions are in compliance with the Statement of Policy and this Subscription Agreement. The Broker-Dealer also will comply, as applicable, with the Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act and the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act, to the extent applicable, as adopted in each applicable jurisdiction and any other applicable laws including but not limited to applicable SEC guidance regarding the electronic delivery of materials under the federal securities laws.

 

THIS SUBSCRIPTION AGREEMENT AND ALL RIGHTS HEREUNDER SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND INTERPRETED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE.

 

A-6

 

 

   
Investor Name  

 

 

Subscription Agreement

CLASS S SHARES, CLASS D SHARES AND CLASS I SHARES

Effective as of XXXX 2023

         
Ares Strategic Income Fund

 

11. Subscriber Signatures

 

Ares Strategic Income Fund is required by law to obtain, verify and record certain personal information from you or persons on your behalf in order to establish the account. Required information includes name, date of birth, permanent residential address and social security/taxpayer identification number. We may also ask to see other identifying documents. If you do not provide the information, Ares Strategic Income Fund may not be able to open your account. By signing the Subscription Agreement, you agree to provide this information and confirm that this information is true and correct. If we are unable to verify your identity, or that of another person(s) authorized to act on your behalf, or if we believe we have identified potentially criminal activity, we reserve the right to take action as we deem appropriate which may include closing your account.

 

Please separately initial each of the representations below. Except in the case of fiduciary accounts, you may not grant any person a power of attorney to make the representations on your behalf. In order to induce Ares Strategic Income Fund to accept this subscription, I hereby represent and warrant to you as follows:

 

A. All Items in this Section 11 must be read and initialed.

 

    Investor   Co-Investor  
a) I have received the Prospectus for Ares Strategic Income Fund at least five business days prior to the date hereof.        (a) Initials     Initials  
b) I have (A) a minimum net worth (not including home, home furnishings and personal automobiles) of at least $250,000, or (B) a minimum net worth (as previously described) of at least $70,000 and a minimum annual gross income of at least $70,000. (b) Initials     Initials    
c) In addition to the general suitability requirements described above, I meet the higher suitability requirements, if any, imposed by my state of primary residence as set forth in the Prospectus under “SUITABILITY STANDARDS.” (c) Initials     Initials    
d) If I am an entity that was formed for the purpose of purchasing shares, each individual that owns an interest in such entity meets the general suitability requirements described above. (d) Initials     Initials    
e) I acknowledge that there is no public market for the shares, shares of this offering are not liquid and appropriate only as a long-term investment. (e) Initials     Initials    
f) I acknowledge that the shares have not been registered and are not expected to be registered under the laws of any country or jurisdiction outside of the United States except as otherwise described in the Prospectus. (f) Initials     Initials    
g) I am purchasing the shares for my own account, or if I am purchasing shares on behalf of a trust or other entity of which I am a trustee or authorized agent, I have due authority to execute this subscription agreement and do hereby legally bind the trust or other entity of which I am trustee or authorized agent. (g) Initials     Initials    
h) I acknowledge that Ares Strategic Income Fund may enter into transactions with Ares affiliates that involve conflicts of interest as described in the Prospectus. (h) Initials     Initials    
i) I acknowledge that subscriptions must be submitted at least five business days prior to first day of each month my investment will be executed as of the first day of the applicable month at the NAV per share as of the day preceding day. I acknowledge that I will not know the NAV per share at which my investment will be executed at the time I subscribe and the NAV per share will generally be made available at https://areswmsresources.com/investment-solutions/asif/ as of the last calendar day of each month within 20 business days of the last calendar day of each month. (i) Initials     Initials    
j) I acknowledge that my subscription request will not be accepted any earlier than two business days before the first calendar day of each month. I acknowledge that I am not committed to purchase shares at the time my subscription order is submitted and I may cancel my subscription at any time before the time it has been accepted as described in the previous sentence. I understand that I may withdraw my purchase request by notifying the transfer agent, through my financial intermediary or directly on Ares Strategic Income Fund’s toll-free, automated telephone line, 888-310-9352. (j) Initials     Initials    

 

B. If you live in any of the following states, please complete Section 11C: Alabama, California, Idaho, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Massachusetts, Missouri, Nebraska, New Jersey, New Mexico, North Dakota, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Puerto Rico, Tennessee, and Vermont.

 

In the case of sales to fiduciary accounts, the minimum standards in Section 11C shall be met by the beneficiary, the fiduciary, account, or, by the donor or grantor, who directly or indirectly supplies the funds to purchase the shares if the donor or grantor is the fiduciary.

 

If you do not have another broker-dealer or other financial intermediary introducing you to Ares Strategic Income Fund, then AWMS may be deemed to be acting as your broker-dealer of record in connection with any investment in Ares Strategic Income Fund. For important information in this respect, see Section 10 above.

 

I declare that the information supplied in this Subscription Agreement is true and correct and may be relied upon by Ares Strategic Income Fund. I acknowledge that the Broker-Dealer/Financial Advisor (Broker-Dealer/Financial Advisor of record) indicated in Section 10 of this Subscription Agreement and its designated clearing agent, if any, will have full access to my account information, including the number of shares I own, tax information (including the Form 1099) and redemption information. Investors may change the Broker-Dealer/Financial Advisor of record at any time by contacting Ares Strategic Income Fund Investor

Relations at the number indicated below.

 

A-7

 

 

   
Investor Name  

 

 

Subscription Agreement

CLASS S SHARES, CLASS D SHARES AND CLASS I SHARES

Effective as of XXXX 2023

         
Ares Strategic Income Fund

 

11. Subscriber Signatures (continued)

 

C. For purposes of determining whether you satisfy the standards below, your net worth is calculated excluding the value of your home, home furnishings and automobiles, and, unless otherwise indicated, “liquid net worth” is defined as that portion of net worth that consists of cash, cash equivalents and readily marketable investments.

 

Investors in the following states have the additional suitability standards as set forth below.

 

    Investor     Co-Investor  
a) If I am an Alabama resident, in addition to the suitability standards set forth above, an investment in Ares Strategic Income Fund will only be sold to me if I have a liquid net worth of at least 10 times my investment in Ares Strategic Income Fund and its affiliates. (a) Initials     Initials    
   
b) If I am a California resident, in addition to the suitability standards set forth above, I may not invest more than 10% of my liquid net worth in Ares Strategic Income Fund. (b) Initials     Initials    
c) If I am an Idaho resident, I must have either (a) a liquid net worth of $85,000 and annual gross income of $85,000 or (b) a liquid net worth of $300,000. Additionally, the total investment in Ares Strategic Income Fund shall not exceed 10% of my liquid net worth. For these purposes, “liquid net worth” is defined as that portion of net worth that consists of cash, cash equivalents and readily marketable securities. (c) Initials     Initials    
d) If I am an Iowa resident, I (i) have either (a) an annual gross income of at least $100,000 and a net worth of at least $100,000, or (b) a net worth of at least $350,000 (net worth should be determined exclusive of home, auto and home furnishings). If I am not an “accredited investor” as defined in Regulation D under the Securities Act of 1993, as amended, my investment in this offering and in the securities of other non-traded business development companies may not exceed 10% of my net worth. (d) Initials     Initials    
e) If I am a Kansas resident, I understand that it is recommended by the Office of the Securities Commissioner that I limit my total investment in Ares Strategic Income Fund’s securities and other non-traded business development companies to not more than 10% of my liquid net worth. For these purposes, liquid net worth shall be defined as that portion of total net worth (total assets minus total liabilities) that is comprised of cash, cash equivalents and readily marketable securities. (e) Initials     Initials    
f) If I am a Kentucky resident, I may not invest more than 10% of my liquid net worth in Ares Strategic Income Fund or its affiliates. “Liquid net worth” is defined as that portion of net worth that is comprised of cash, cash equivalents and readily marketable securities. (f) Initials     Initials    
g) If I am a Maine resident, I acknowledge that it is recommended by the Maine Office of Securities that my aggregate investment in this offering and other similar direct participation investments not exceed 10% of my liquid net worth. For this purpose, “liquid net worth” is defined as that portion of net worth that consists of cash, cash equivalents and readily marketable securities. (g) Initials     Initials    
h) If I am a Massachusetts resident, in addition to the suitability standards set forth above, I may not invest more than 10% of my liquid net worth in Ares Strategic Income Fund and in other illiquid direct participation programs. For these purposes, “liquid net worth” is defined as that portion of net worth that consists of cash, cash equivalents and readily marketable investments. (h) Initials     Initials    
i) If I am a Missouri resident, no more than ten percent (10%) of my liquid net worth shall be invested in securities being registered in this offering. (i) Initials     Initials    
j) If I am a Nebraska resident, I must have (i) either (a) an annual gross income of at least $70,000 and a net worth of at least $70,000, or (b) a net worth of at least $250,000; and (ii) I must limit my aggregate investment in this offering and the securities of other business development companies to 10% of such investor’s net worth. Investors who are accredited investors as defined in Regulation D under the Securities Act of 1933 are not subject to the foregoing investment concentration limit. (j) Initials     Initials    
k) If I am a New Mexico resident, in addition to the general suitability standards listed above, I may not invest, and I may not accept from an investor more than ten percent (10%) of my liquid net worth in shares of Ares Strategic Income Fund, its affiliates and in other non-traded business development companies. Liquid net worth is defined as that portion of net worth which consists of cash, cash equivalents and readily marketable securities. (k) Initials     Initials    
l) If I am a North Dakota residentwho is not an “accredited investor” as defined in Regulation D under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, I have a net worth of at least ten times my investment in Ares Strategic Income Fund’s common stock. (l) Initials     Initials    
m) If I am an Ohio resident, it is unsuitable to invest more than 10% of my liquid net worth in the issuer, affiliates of the issuer, and in any other non-traded business development company. For these purposes, “liquid net worth” is defined as that portion of net worth (total assets exclusive of primary residence, home furnishings and automobiles minus, total liabilities) comprised of cash, cash equivalents and readily marketable securities. (m) Initials     Initials    
n) If I am an Oklahoma resident, my investment in Ares Strategic Income Fund may not exceed 10% of my liquid net worth. (n) Initials     Initials    
o) If I am an Oregon resident, in addition to the suitability standards set forth above, I may not invest more than 10% of my liquid net worth. Liquid net worth is defined as net worth excluding the value of the investor’s home, home furnishings and automobile. (o) Initials     Initials    
p) If I am a Pennsylvania resident, I may not invest more than 10% of my liquid net worth in Ares Strategic Income Fund. (p) Initials     Initials    
q) If I am a Puerto Rico resident, I may not invest more than 10% of my liquid net worth in Ares Strategic Income Fund, its affiliates and other non-traded business development companies. For these purposes, “liquid net worth” is defined as that portion of net worth (total assets exclusive of primary residence, home furnishings and automobiles minus total liabilities) consisting of cash, cash equivalents and readily marketable securities. (q) Initials     Initials    
r) If I am a Tennessee resident who is not an “accredited investor” as defined in Regulation D under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, my investment in Ares Strategic Income Fund common stock may not exceed 10% of my net worth. (r) Initials     Initials    
s) If I am a Vermont resident and I am an accredited investor in Vermont, as defined in 17 C.F.R. § 230.501, I may invest freely in this offering. In addition to the suitability standards described above, if I am non-accredited Vermont investors, I may not purchase an amount in this offering that exceeds 10% of my liquid net worth. For these purposes, “liquid net worth” is defined as an investor’s total assets (not including home, home furnishings or automobiles) minus total liabilities. (s) Initials     Initials    
t) If I am a New Jersey investor, I acknowledge that the Class S and D shares will be subject to upfront placement fees or brokerage commisions of up to 3.5% of NAV for Class S shares and 1.5% of NAV for Class D shares. Class S and D shares are subject to a distribution and stockholder servicing fee equal to up to 0.85% per annum of the aggregate NAV of the respective outstanding Class S shares, and with respect to the D shares, an amount equal to up to 0.25% per annum of the aggregate NAV of the outstanding Class D shares. These fees will reduce the amount of the purchase price that is available for investment and will cause the per share purchase price to be greater than the estimated value per share that will be reflected on my account statement (by broker dealers reporting a valuation calculated in accordance with FINRA Rule 2331(c)(1)(A) relating to net investment valuation guidelines). These fees may also reduce the amount of distributions that are paid with respect to Class S and D shares. (t) Initials     Initials    

 

A-8

 

 

   
Investor Name  

 

 

Subscription Agreement

CLASS S SHARES, CLASS D SHARES AND CLASS I SHARES

Effective as of XXXX 2023

         
Ares Strategic Income Fund

 

12. Substitute IRS Form W-9 Certifications (required for U.S. investors)

 

Under penalties of perjury, I certify that:

 

1. The number shown on this Subscription Agreement is my correct taxpayer identification number (or I am waiting for a number to be issued to me); and

 

2. I am not subject to backup withholding because: (a) I am exempt from backup withholding, or (b) I have not been notified by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) that I am subject to backup withholding as a result of a failure to report all interest or dividends, or (c) the IRS has notified me that I am no longer subject to backup withholding; and

 

3. I am a U.S. citizen or other U.S. person (including a resident alien) (defined in IRS Form W-9); and

 

4. The FATCA code(s) entered on this form (if any) indicating that I am exempt from FATCA reporting is correct.

 

Certification instructions. You must cross out item 2 above if you have been notified by the IRS that you are currently subject to backup withholding because you have failed to report all interest and dividends on your tax return.

 

The Internal Revenue Service does not require your consent to any provision of this document other than the certifications required to avoid backup withholding.

 

By signing below, you also acknowledge:

 

We have a limited operating history and there is no assurance that we will achieve our investment objective.

 

We have not identified specific investments that we will make with the proceeds of this offering. As a result, this may be deemed a “blind pool” offering and you will not have the opportunity to evaluate our investments before we make them.
   
You should not expect to be able to sell your Common Shares regardless of how we perform.

 

You should consider that you may not have access to the money you invest for an extended period of time.

 

We do not intend to list our Common Shares on any securities exchange, and we do not expect a secondary market in our Common Shares to develop prior to any listing.

 

Because you may be unable to sell your Common Shares, you will be unable to reduce your exposure in any market downturn.

 

At the discretion of our Board of Trustees and beginning no later than the first full calendar quarter after we hold the first closing in the offering of Common Shares pursuant to this Registration Statement, we intend to commence a share repurchase program in which we intend to offer to repurchase up to 5% of our Common Shares outstanding (either by number of shares or aggregate NAV) in each quarter. In addition, to the extent we offer to repurchase shares in any particular quarter, any such repurchases will be at prices equal to the NAV per share as of the last calendar day of the applicable month designated by our Board of Trustees, except that the Fund deducts 2.00% from such NAV for shares that have not been outstanding for at least one year. Such share repurchase prices may be lower than the price at which you purchase our Common Shares in this offering. You should not expect to be able to sell your Common Shares regardless of how we perform.

 

You will bear varying expenses of the Fund, including organization and ongoing offering expenses, unless otherwise advanced by our investment adviser and not repaid by the Fund pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement. These expenses, which are liabilities of the Fund, will reduce the NAV of Common Shares and you will have to receive a total return at least in excess of those expenses to receive an actual return on your investment. You will also bear upfront placement fees or brokerage commissions, depending on the class of Common Shares you purchase and the selling agent through whom you purchase such Common Shares.

 

An investment in our Common Shares is not suitable for you if you need access to the money you invest.

 

An investment in our Common Shares is suitable only for investors with the financial ability and willingness to accept the high risks and lack of liquidity inherent in an investment in our Common Shares.
   
We cannot guarantee that we will make distributions, and if we do we may fund such distributions from sources other than cash flow from operations, including, without limitation, the sale of assets, borrowings, return of capital or offering proceeds, and we have no limits on the amounts we may pay from such sources. A return of capital is a return of a portion of your original investment in our Common Shares.

 

Distributions may also be funded in significant part, directly or indirectly, from temporary waivers or expense reimbursements borne by our investment adviser or its affiliates, that may be subject to reimbursement to our investment adviser or its affiliates. The repayment of any amounts owed to our investment adviser or our affiliates will reduce our NAV and may reduce future distributions to which you would otherwise be entitled.

 

We expect to use leverage, which will magnify the potential for loss on amounts invested in us.

 

We qualify as an “emerging growth company” as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act and we cannot be certain if the reduced disclosure requirements applicable to emerging growth companies will make our Common Shares less attractive to investors.
   
We make investments that are rated below investment grade by rating agencies or that would be rated below investment grade if they were rated. Bonds that are rated below investment grade are sometimes referred to as “high yield bonds” or “junk bonds.” These unrated and below investment grade instruments have predominantly speculative characteristics with respect to the issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal. They may also be illiquid and difficult to value. We intend to invest significantly in junk bonds.

 

  Signature of Investor Date
     
  Signature of Co-Investor or Custodian (If applicable) Date

 

(Must be signed by custodian or trustee if plan is administered by a third party)   

 

A-9

 

 

   
Investor Name  

 

 

Subscription Agreement

CLASS S SHARES, CLASS D SHARES AND CLASS I SHARES

Effective as of XXXX 2023

         
Ares Strategic Income Fund

 

13. Miscellaneous

 

AWMS is a broker-dealer affiliate of the investment adviser for Ares Strategic Income Fund, is registered with the SEC and is a member of FINRA. AWMS does not sell securities directly to the general public. Rather, AWMS’s primary business is the wholesale distribution of securities offered by its affiliated companies. Sales to retail customers are generally conducted on a wholesale basis through other broker-dealers, investment advisers and banks. AWMS does not make any investment recommendations nor provide investment advice to investors and has not, and is not responsible for, evaluating whether or not an investment in the shares of Ares Strategic Income Fund is in the best interest of the investor.

 

If investors participating in the Distribution Reinvestment Plan or making subsequent purchases of shares of Ares Strategic Income Fund experience a material adverse change in their financial condition or can no longer make the representations or warranties set forth in Section 12 above, they are asked to promptly notify Ares Strategic Income Fund and the Broker-Dealer through whom investor is purchasing shares in writing. The Broker-Dealer may notify Ares Strategic Income Fund if an investor participating in the Distribution Reinvestment Plan can no longer make the representations or warranties set forth in Section 12 above, and Ares Strategic Income Fund may rely on such notification to terminate such investor’s participation in the Distribution Reinvestment Plan.

 

No sale of shares may be completed until at least five business days after you receive the final Prospectus. To be accepted, a subscription request must be made with a completed and executed subscription agreement in good order and payment of the full purchase price at least five business prior to the first calendar day of the month (unless waived). You will receive a written confirmation of your purchase.

 

All items on the Subscription Agreement must be completed in order for your subscription to be processed. Subscribers are encouraged to read the Prospectus in its entirety for a complete explanation of an investment in the shares of Ares Strategic Income Fund.

 

Please mail completed Subscription Agreement (with all signatures) and check(s) payable to: Ares Strategic Income Fund
   
Direct Overnight Mail: P.O. Box:
Ares Strategic Income Fund Ares Management Corporation
c/o SS&C Technologies, Inc. c/o SS&C Technologies, Inc.
430 W 7th Street, Suite 219079 P.O. Box 219079
Kansas City, MO 64105 Kansas City, MO 64121-0979

 

Ares Strategic Income Fund Contact Information:

 

Phone: 866.324.7348 Website: areswms.com Email: WMSoperations@aresmgmt.com

 

ARES-6068-0123

 

A-10

 

  

Ares Strategic Income Fund

 

Maximum Offering of $5,000,000,000 in Common Shares

 

PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS

 

You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus. No dealer, salesperson or other person is authorized to make any representations other than those contained in this prospectus and supplemental literature authorized by Ares Strategic Income Fund and referred to in this prospectus, and, if given or made, such information and representations must not be relied upon. This prospectus is not an offer to sell nor is it seeking an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. The information contained in this prospectus is accurate only as of the date of this prospectus, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus or any sale of these securities. You should not assume that the delivery of this prospectus or that any sale made pursuant to this prospectus implies that the information contained in this prospectus will remain fully accurate and correct as of any time subsequent to the date of this prospectus.

 

, 2023

 

 

 

 

PART C 

Other Information

 

Item 25. Financial Statements And Exhibits

 

(1)Financial Statements

 

The following financial statements of Ares Strategic Income Fund are included in Part A of this Registration Statement.

 

Statement of Assets and Liabilities as of October 14, 2022
Notes to Financial Statement

 

(2)Exhibits

 

  (a)(1) Third Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust of the Registrant**
  (b) First Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Registrant**
  (d) Form of Multi-Class Plan+
  (e) Distribution Reinvestment Plan*
  (g) Investment Advisory and Management Agreement*
  (h)(1) Form of Intermediary Manager Agreement**
  (h)(2) Form of Selected Intermediary Manager Agreement (Included as Exhibit A to the Form of Intermediary Manager Agreement)**
  (h)(3) Form of Distribution and Shareholder Servicing Plan of the Registrant*
  (j)(1) Custody Agreement*
  (j)(2) Document Custody Agreement*
  (k)(1) Administration Agreement*
  (k)(2) Transfer Agency Services Agreement*
  (k)(3) Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement by and among the Registrant and Adviser*
  (k)(4) Form of Indemnification Agreement by and between the Registrant and each of its Trustees and certain of its officers*
  (k)(5) Form of Indemnification Agreement by and between the Registrant and members of the Investment Committee of the Adviser*
  (k)(6) Senior Secured Credit Agreement, dated as of December 20, 2022, by and among Ares Strategic Income Fund, the lenders party thereto, and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent**
  (l) Opinion of Richards, Layton & Finger, P.A.**
  (n) Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm**
  (p)(1) Initial Subscription Agreement*
  (p)(2) Form of Public Offering Subscription Agreement (included in the Prospectus as Appendix A)**
  (r)(1) Code of Ethics of the Fund*
  (r)(2) Code of Ethics of our investment adviser*
  (s) Calculation of Filing Fee Table**
  (t) Power of Attorney*

  

 

*Previously filed.
**Filed herewith
+To be filed by amendment.

 

Item 26. Marketing Arrangements

 

The information contained under the heading “Plan of Distribution” in this Registration Statement is incorporated herein by reference.

 

C-1

 

 

Item 27. Other Expenses Of Issuance And Distribution

 

SEC registration fee   $ [    ]  
FINRA filing fee   $ [    ]  
Legal   $ [    ]  
Printing   $ [    ]  
Accounting   $ [    ]  
Blue Sky Expenses   $ [    ]  
Advertising and sales literature   $ [    ]  
Due Diligence   $ [    ]  
Miscellaneous fees and expenses   $ [    ]  
Total   $ [    ]  

 

Item 28. Persons Controlled By Or Under Common Control

 

The following list sets forth each of our subsidiaries, the state or country under whose laws the subsidiary is organized, and the percentage of voting securities or membership interests owned by us in such subsidiary:

 

Controlling Entity   Name of entity and place of
jurisdiction
  Nature of Control
Ares Strategic Income Fund   ASIF Holdings Inc. (Delaware)   Controlling entity owns 100% of equity.

 

Item 29. Number Of Holders Of Securities

 

The following table sets forth the number of record holders of the Registrant’s common shares at January 31, 2022:

 

Title of Class    

Number of
Record
Holders

 
Common shares of beneficial interest, $0.01 par value     61

 

Item 30. Indemnification

 

The information contained under the heading “Description of Our Common Shares.” “Investment Advisory and Management Agreement and Administration Agreement” and “Plan of Distribution—Indemnification” in this Registration Statement is incorporated herein by reference.

 

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to Trustees, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the provisions described above, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a Trustee, officer or controlling person in the successful defense of an action suit or proceeding) is asserted by a Trustee, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is again public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

 

The Registrant has obtained liability insurance for the benefit of its Trustees and officers (other than with respect to claims resulting from the willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his or her office) on a claims-made basis.

 

Item 31. Business and Other Connections of Adviser

 

A description of any other business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature in which Ares Capital Management LLC, and each managing director, director or executive officer of Ares Capital Management LLC, is or has been, during the past two fiscal years, engaged in for his or her own account or in the capacity of director, officer, employee, partner or trustee, is set forth in Part A of this Registration Statement in the section entitled “Management of the Fund.” Additional information regarding Ares Capital Management LLC and its officers and managing member is set forth in its Form ADV, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC File No. 801-63168), and is incorporated herein by reference.

 

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Item 32. Location of Accounts and Records

 

All accounts, books and other documents required to be maintained by Section 31(a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, and the rules thereunder are maintained at the offices of:

 

(1)the Registrant;

 

(2)the transfer agent;

 

(3)the Custodian;

 

(4)our investment adviser; and

 

(5)our administrator.

 

Item 33. Management Services

 

Not Applicable.

 

Item 34. Undertakings

 

We hereby undertake:

 

(1) to file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement

 

(i)            to include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act;

 

(ii)            to reflect in the prospectus any facts or events after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement; and

 

(iii)            to include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement.

 

(2) that, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of those securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof;

 

(3) to remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering;

 

(4) that, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act to any purchaser, if the Registrant is subject to Rule 430C (17 CFR 230.430C): Each prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act as part of a registration statement relating to an offering, other than registration statements relying on Rule 430B or other than prospectuses filed in reliance on Rule 430A, shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the date it is first used after effectiveness. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such first use, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such date of first use;

 

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(5) that for the purpose of determining liability of the Registrant under the Securities Act to any purchaser in the initial distribution of securities. The undersigned Registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned Registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned Registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to the purchaser:

 

(i)          any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned Registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424 under the Securities Act;

 

(ii)         free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned Registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned Registrants;

 

(iii)        the portion of any other free writing prospectus or advertisement pursuant to Rule 482 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.482) relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned Registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned Registrant; and

 

(iv)        any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned Registrant to the purchaser;

 

(6) that, for purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act:

 

(i)          the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by the Registrant under Rule 424(b)(1) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of the time it was declared effective; and

 

(ii)         each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of the securities at that time shall be deemed to be initial bona fide offering thereof; and

 

(7) to send by first class mail or other means designed to ensure equally prompt delivery, within two business days of receipt of a written or oral request, any prospectus or Statement of Additional Information.

 

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SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, the Registrant has caused this Amendment to the Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of New York, State of New York on the 31st day of January, 2023.

 

  Ares Strategic Income Fund

 

  By: /s/ Michael L. Smith
  Name: Michael L. Smith
  Title: Co-Chief Executive Officer and Trustee

 

  By: /s/ Mitchell Goldstein
  Name: Mitchell Goldstein
  Title: Co-Chief Executive Officer and Trustee

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, this Amendment to the Registration Statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacity and on the date indicated.

 

Signature   Title   Date
/s/ R. Kipp deVeer   Chairman of the Board of Trustees and Trustee   January 31, 2023
R. Kipp deVeer          
         
/s/ Michael L. Smith   Co-Chief Executive Officer and Trustee (Principal Executive Officer)   January 31, 2023
Michael L. Smith        
         
/s/ Mitchell Goldstein   Co-Chief Executive Officer and Trustee (Principal Executive Officer)   January 31, 2023
Mitchell Goldstein          
         
/s/ Scott C. Lem   Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)   January 31, 2023
Scott C. Lem          
         
*   Trustee   January 31, 2023
Sandra R. Anceleitz          
         
*   Trustee   January 31, 2023
Ann Torre Bates          
         
*   Trustee   January 31, 2023
Eric B. Siegel          
         
*   Trustee   January 31, 2023
Steven B. McKeever          

 

*By:   /s/ R. Kipp deVeer  
  R. Kipp deVeer  
  As Agent or Attorney-in-Fact  

 

January 31, 2023

 

The original powers of attorney authorizing R. Kipp deVeer, Joshua M. Bloomstein, Scott C. Lem, Michael L. Smith, Mitchell Goldstein, Lisa Morgan and Naseem Sagati Aghili to execute the Registration Statement, and any amendments thereto, for the trustees of the Registrant on whose behalf this Amendment is filed have been executed and filed as an Exhibit hereto. 

 

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Exhibit (a)(1)

THIRD AMENDED AND RESTATED DECLARATION OF TRUST
OF
ARES STRATEGIC INCOME FUND

January 26, 2023

* * * * * * * * * *

Article I
Name; Definitions

Section 1.1      Name. The name of the statutory trust is Ares Strategic Income Fund (the “Company”). So far as may be practicable, the business of the Company shall be conducted and transacted under that name, which name (and the word “Company” whenever used in this Third Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust (the “Declaration of Trust”), except where the context otherwise requires) shall refer to the Board of Trustees (as defined herein) collectively but not individually or personally and shall not refer to the Shareholders or to any officers, employees or agents of the Company or of such Trustees. Under circumstances in which the Trustees determine that the use of the name “Ares Strategic Income Fund” is not practicable, they may use any other designation or name for the Company, subject to applicable law. Any name change shall become effective upon the execution by a majority of the then Trustees of an instrument setting forth the new name and the filing of a certificate of amendment pursuant to Section 3810(b) of the Statutory Trust Act (as defined below). Any such instrument shall not require the approval of the Shareholders, but shall have the status of an amendment to this Declaration of Trust.

Section 1.2      Definitions. As used in this Declaration of Trust, the following terms shall have the following meanings unless the context otherwise requires:

1940 Act” means the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended from time to time, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

Acquisition Expenses” means expenses, including but not limited to legal fees and expenses, travel and communication expenses, costs regarding determination of creditworthiness and due diligence on prospective portfolio holding companies, non-refundable option payments on assets not acquired, accounting fees and expenses, and miscellaneous expenses relating to the purchase or acquisition of assets, whether or not acquired.

Acquisition Fees” means any and all fees and commissions, exclusive of Acquisition Expenses, paid by any Person to any other Person (including any fees or commissions paid by or to any Affiliate of the Company or the Adviser) in connection with the initial purchase or acquisition of assets by the Company. Included in the computation of such fees or commissions shall be any commission, selection fee, supervision fee, financing fee, non-recurring management fee or any fee of a similar nature, however designated.

Administrator” means Ares Operations LLC, any Person to whom the Administrator subcontracts any and all such services and any successor to an Administrator who enters into an administrative services agreement with the Company or who subcontracts with a successor Administrator.

Adviser” means Ares Capital Management LLC or an affiliated successor in interest thereto, any Person to whom the Adviser subcontracts any and all such services pursuant to a sub-advisory agreement and any successor to an Adviser who enters into an Investment Advisory and Management Agreement with the Company or who subcontracts with a successor Adviser. If the Adviser no longer serves as the investment adviser to the Company, the rights of the Adviser in this Declaration of Trust will become the rights of the Trustees.

Affiliate” or “Affiliated” means (subject to the limits under the 1940 Act or an exemptive order from the SEC, as each may be applicable) with respect to any specified Person:

(a)any other Person directly or indirectly owning, controlling or holding, with the power to vote, ten percent (10%) or more of the outstanding voting securities of such specified Person;

 

 

 

(b)any other Person ten percent (10%) or more of whose outstanding voting securities are directly or indirectly owned, controlled or held, with the power to vote, by such specified Person;

(c)any other Person directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by or under common control with such specified Person;

(d)any officer, director, trustee, partner, copartner or employee of such specified Person; and

(e)if such specified Person is an investment company, any investment adviser thereof or any member of an advisory board thereof.

assessment” means an additional amount of capital that may be mandatorily required of, or paid voluntarily by, a Shareholder beyond his or her subscription commitment excluding deferred payments.

Benefit Plan Investor” means a benefit plan investor as defined in Section 3(42) of ERISA.

Bylaws” means the bylaws of the Company, as the same are in effect and may be amended from time to time.

capital contribution” means the total investment, including the original investment and amounts reinvested pursuant to a distribution reinvestment plan in a program by a participant, or by all participants, as the case may be. Unless otherwise specified, capital contributions shall be deemed to include principal amounts to be received on account of deferred payments.

cash available for distribution” means Cash Flow plus cash funds available for distribution from Company reserves less amounts set aside for restoration or creation of reserves.

Cash Flow” means Company cash funds provided from operations, without deduction for depreciation, but after deducting cash funds used to pay all other expenses, debt payments, capital improvements and replacements. Cash withdrawn from reserves is not Cash Flow.

Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time, or any successor statute thereto. Reference to any provision of the Code shall mean such provision as in effect from time to time, as the same may be amended, and any successor provision thereto, as interpreted by any applicable regulations as in effect from time to time.

Common Shares” means the common Shares, par value $0.01 per share, of the Company that may be issued from time to time in accordance with the terms of this Declaration of Trust and applicable law, as described in Article V hereof, including any class or series of Common Shares.

Controlling Person” shall mean (subject to the limits under the 1940 Act or an exemptive order from the SEC, as each may be applicable), all Persons, whatever their titles, who perform functions for the Sponsor similar to those of: (a) chairperson or member of the board of directors; (b) executive officers; and (c) those holding ten percent or more equity interest in the Sponsor or a Person having the power to direct or cause the direction of the Sponsor, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract, or otherwise.

Covered Security” shall have the meaning set forth in the Securities Act.

Delaware Trustee” has the meaning ascribed to it in Article III hereof and includes any successor Delaware Trustees appointed in accordance with Section 3.3, but that any reference to “Trustee” or “Board of Trustees” in this Declaration of Trust and the Bylaws of the Company shall not be deemed to include or refer to the Delaware Trustee.

DGCL” means Delaware General Corporation Law, 8 Del. C. § 100, et. seq., as amended from time to time, or any successor statute thereto.

 2 

 

 

ERISA” means the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended.

“ERISA Controlling Person” means a Person (other than a Benefit Plan Investor) who has discretionary authority or control with respect to the assets of the Company or who provides investment advice for a fee (direct or indirect) with respect to such assets, or any affiliate of such a Person within the meaning of 29 C.F.R. § 2510.3-101(f)(3).

Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

Front End Fees” means fees and expenses paid by any party for any services rendered to organize the Company and to acquire assets for the Company, including Organization and Offering Expenses, Acquisition Fees, Acquisition Expenses, and any other similar fees, however designated by the Board.

GAAP” means generally accepted accounting principles as in effect in the United States of America from time to time or such other accounting basis mandated by the SEC.

Independent Expert” means a Person with no material current or prior business or personal relationship with the Sponsor, who is engaged to a substantial extent in the business of rendering opinions regarding the value of assets of the type held by the Company, and who is qualified to perform such work.

Independent Trustee” means a Trustee who is not an Interested Person.

Interested Person” means a Person who is an “interested person”, as that term is defined under Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act, of the Company.

Investment Advisory and Management Agreement” means that certain investment advisory and management agreement between the Company and the Adviser named therein pursuant to which the Adviser will act as the investment adviser to the Company and provide investment advisory, investment management and other specified services to the Company, including any sub-advisory agreement.

Investment in program assets” means the amount of capital contributions actually paid or allocated to the purchase or development of assets acquired by the program (including working capital reserves allocable thereto, except that working capital reserves in excess of three percent shall not be included) and other cash payments such as interest and taxes, but excluding front-end fees.

Liquidity Event” means a Listing or any merger, reorganization, business combination, share exchange, acquisition by any Person or related group of Persons of beneficial ownership of all or substantially all of the Shares of the Company in one or more related transactions, or similar transaction involving the Company pursuant to which the Shareholders receive for their Shares, as full or partial consideration, cash, non- Listed equity Securities or combination thereof: (a) a Listing; (b) a sale or merger in a transaction that provides Shareholders with cash and/or securities of a publicly traded company; or (c) a sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company for cash or other consideration.

Listing” means the listing of the Common Shares (or any successor thereof) on a national securities exchange or national securities association registered with the SEC or the receipt by the Shareholders of Securities that are approved for trading on a national securities exchange or national securities association registered with the SEC in exchange for the Common Shares. The term “Listed” shall have the correlative meaning. With regard to the Common Shares, upon commencement of trading of the Common Shares on a national securities exchange or national securities association registered with the SEC, the Common Shares shall be deemed Listed.

Net Asset Value” has the meaning ascribed to it in Section 5.5 hereof.

Net Worth” means the excess of total assets over total liabilities as determined by GAAP.

 3 

 

 

Omnibus Guidelines” means the Omnibus Guidelines Statement of Policy adopted by the North American Securities Administrators Association on March 29, 1992 and as amended on May 7, 2007 and from time to time.

Organization and Offering Expenses” means any and all costs and expenses incurred by and to be paid from the assets of the Company in connection with and in preparing for the formation, qualification and registration of the Company, and the marketing and distribution of shares, including, without limitation, total underwriting and brokerage discounts and commissions (including fees of the underwriters’ attorneys), expenses for printing, engraving, amending, supplementing, mailing and distributing costs, salaries of employees while engaged in sales activity, telephone and other telecommunications costs, all advertising and marketing expenses (including the costs related to investor and broker-dealer sales meetings), charges of transfer agents, registrars, trustees, escrow agents or holders, depositories, experts, fees, expenses and taxes related to the filing, registration and qualification of the sale of the shares under federal and state laws, including taxes and fees and accountants’ and attorneys’ fees.

Person” means an individual, corporation, partnership, estate, trust joint venture, limited liability company or other entity or association.

Plan Asset Regulation” means 29 C.F.R. § 2510.3-101, as modified by section 3(42) of ERISA.

Publicly Offered Securities” means publicly offered securities as defined in 29 C.F.R. § 2510.3-101(b)(2) or any successor regulation thereto.

Roll-Up Entity” means a partnership, trust, corporation, or similar entity that would be created or would survive after the successful completion of a proposed Roll-Up Transaction.

Roll-Up Transaction” means a transaction involving the acquisition, merger, conversion or consolidation either directly or indirectly of the Company and the issuance of securities of a Roll-Up Entity to the Shareholders. Such term does not include:

(a)a transaction involving Securities of the Company that have been Listed for at least twelve (12) months; or

(b)a transaction involving the conversion to another corporate form or to a trust or association form of only the Company, if, as a consequence of the transaction, there will be no significant adverse change in any of the following:

(i)Shareholders’ voting rights;

(ii)the term of existence of the Company;

(iii)Adviser compensation; or

(iv)the Company’s investment objective.

SEC” means the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.

Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

Securities” means Common Shares, any other Shares or other evidences of equity or beneficial or other interests, voting trust certificates, bonds, debentures, notes or other evidences of indebtedness, secured or unsecured, convertible, subordinated or otherwise, or in general any instruments commonly known as “securities” or any certificates of interest, shares or participations in, temporary or interim certificates for, receipts for, guarantees of, or warrants, options or rights to subscribe to, purchase or acquire, any of the foregoing if and only if any such item is treated as a “security” under the Exchange Act, or applicable state securities laws.

Shareholders” means the registered holders of the Company’s Shares.

 4 

 

 

Shares” means the unit of beneficial interest in the trust estate of the Company.

specified asset program” means a program where, at the time a securities registration is ordered effective, at least 75% of the net proceeds from the sale of program interests are allocable to the purchase, construction, renovation, or improvement of individually identified assets or assets that provide a reasonably objective basis in conformity with the Guidelines of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants to allow the issuance of prospective financial statements. Reserves shall not be included in the 75%.

Sponsor” means any person directly or indirectly instrumental in organizing, wholly or in part, a program or any person who will control, manage or participate in the management of a program, and any affiliate of such person. Not included is any person whose only relation with the program is that of an independent manager of a portion of program assets, and whose only compensation is as such. “Sponsor” does not include wholly independent third parties such as attorneys, accountants, and underwriters whose only compensation is for professional services rendered in connection with the offering of program interests. A person may also be deemed a Sponsor of the program by:

(a)taking the initiative, directly or indirectly, in founding or organizing the business or enterprise of the program, either alone or in conjunction with one or more other persons;

(b)receiving a material participation in the program in connection with the founding or organizing of the business of the program, in consideration of services or property, or both services and property;

(c)having a substantial number of relationships and contacts with the program;

(d)possessing significant rights to control program properties;

(e)receiving fees for providing services to the program which are paid on a basis that is not customary in the industry; or

(f)providing goods or services to the program on a basis which was not negotiated at arm’s length with the program.

Statutory Trust Act” means Chapter 38 of Title 12 of the Delaware Code, 12 Del. C. § 3801, et seq., as such act may be amended from time to time.

Trustees,” “Board of Trustees” or “Board” means, collectively, the individuals named in Section 4.1 of this Declaration of Trust so long as they continue in office and all other individuals who have been duly elected and qualify as Trustees of the Company hereunder. For the avoidance of doubt, any references to “Trustee” or “Board of Trustee” or “Board” in this Declaration of Trust and the Bylaws of the Company shall not be deemed to include or refer to the Delaware Trustee.

Article II
Nature and Purpose

The Company is a Delaware statutory trust within the meaning of the Statutory Trust Act, existing pursuant to this Declaration of Trust and the Company’s certificate of trust filed with the Delaware Secretary of State’s office on March 15, 2022 (which filing is hereby ratified), each as may be amended or amended and restated from time to time.

The purpose of the Company is to engage in any lawful act or activity for which trusts may be organized under the Statutory Trust Act as now or hereafter in force, including to conduct, operate and carry on the business of a closed-end investment company operating as a business development company, as such terms are defined in the 1940 Act, subject to making an election therefor under the 1940 Act, and to carry on such other business as the Trustees may from time to time determine pursuant to their authority under this Declaration of Trust. In furtherance of the foregoing, it shall be the purpose of the Company to do everything necessary, suitable, convenient or proper for the conduct, promotion and attainment of any businesses and purposes which at any time may be incidental or may appear conducive or expedient for the accomplishment of the business of a business development company regulated under the 1940 Act and which may be engaged in or carried on by a trust organized under the Statutory Trust Act, and in connection therewith the Company shall have the power and authority to engage in the foregoing and may exercise all of the powers conferred by the laws of the State of Delaware upon a Delaware statutory trust. The Company may not, without the affirmative vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities, as such term is defined under Section 2(a)(42) of the 1940 Act, of the Company entitled to vote on the matter, change the nature of the Company’s business so that the Company ceases to be, or withdraws the Company’s election to be, treated as a business development company under the 1940 Act.

 

 5 

 

 

Legal title to all of the assets of the Company shall be vested in the Company as a separate legal entity except that the Trustees shall have power to cause legal title to any assets of the Company to be held in the name of any other Person as nominee, custodian or pledgee, on such terms as the Trustees may determine, provided that such arrangement is permitted by the 1940 Act and the interest of the Company therein is appropriately protected.

Article III
Delaware Trustee

Section 3.1      Appointment. Pursuant to Section 3807 of the Statutory Trust Act, the trustee of the Company in the State of Delaware shall be United Agent Group Inc. (the “Delaware Trustee”). The address of the principal office of the Delaware Trustee is 3411 Silverside Road, Suite 104, Tatnall Building, Wilmington, Delaware 19810.

Section 3.2      Concerning the Delaware Trustee.

(a)    The Delaware Trustee is appointed to serve as the trustee of the Company in the State of Delaware for the sole purpose of satisfying the requirement pursuant to Section 3807(a) of the Statutory Trust Act that the Company have at least one trustee which has its principal place of business in the State of Delaware. The Company shall have at least one other trustee (other than the Delaware Trustee) to perform all obligations and duties other than fulfilling the Company’s obligations pursuant to Section 3807(a) of the Statutory Trust Act.

(b)    The duties of the Delaware Trustee shall be limited to (i) accepting legal process served on the Company in the State of Delaware and (ii) the execution of any certificates required to be filed with the Delaware Secretary of State which the Delaware Trustee is required to execute under Section 3811 of the Statutory Trust Act. Except for the purpose of the foregoing sentence, the Delaware Trustee shall not be deemed a trustee, shall not be a member of the Board of Trustees and shall have no management responsibilities or owe any fiduciary duties to the Company or the Shareholders. To the extent that, at law or in equity, the Delaware Trustee has duties (including fiduciary duties) and liabilities relating thereto to the Company or the Shareholders, it is hereby understood and agreed by the other parties hereto that such duties and liabilities are replaced by the duties and liabilities of the Delaware Trustee expressly set forth in this Declaration of Trust. The Delaware Trustee shall have no liability for the acts or omissions of any other Person, including, without limitation, the Trustees and the Adviser.

(c)    The Delaware Trustee may be removed by the Trustees upon 30 days’ prior written notice to the Delaware Trustee. The Delaware Trustee may resign upon 30 days’ prior written notice to the Trustees. No resignation or removal of the Delaware Trustee shall be effective except upon the appointment of a successor Delaware Trustee appointed by the Trustees or a court of competent jurisdiction. If no successor Delaware Trustee has been appointed within such 30 day period, the Delaware Trustee may, at the expense of the Trust, petition a court of competent jurisdiction to appoint a successor Delaware Trustee.

(d)            Any Person into which the Delaware Trustee may be merged or with which it may be consolidated, or any Person resulting from any merger or consolidation to which the Delaware Trustee shall be a party, or any Person which succeeds to all or substantially all of the corporate trust business of the Delaware Trustee, shall be the successor Delaware Trustee under this Declaration of Trust without the execution, delivery or filing of any paper or instrument or further act to be done on the part of the parties hereto, except as may be required by applicable law.

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(e)    The Delaware Trustee shall be entitled to all of the same rights, protections, indemnities and immunities under this Declaration of Trust and with respect to the Company and the Shareholders as the Trustees. No amendment or waiver of any provision of this Declaration of Trust which adversely affects the Delaware Trustee shall be effective against it without its prior written consent.

(f)     The Delaware Trustee shall not be liable for supervising or monitoring the performance and the duties and obligations of any other Person, including, without limitation, the Trustees, the Administrator or the Adviser or the Company under this Declaration of Trust or any related document.

(g)    The Delaware Trustee shall not be personally liable under any circumstances, except for its own willful misconduct or gross negligence. In particular, but not by way of limitation: (i) the Delaware Trustee shall not be personally liable for any error of judgment made in good faith; (ii) no provision of this Declaration of Trust shall require the Delaware Trustee to expend or risk its personal funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance of its rights or powers hereunder, if the Delaware Trustee shall have reasonable grounds for believing that the payment of such funds or adequate indemnity against such risk or liability is not reasonably assured or provided to it; (iii) under no circumstances shall the Delaware Trustee be personally liable for any representation, warranty, covenant, agreement or indebtedness of the Trust; (iv) the Delaware Trustee shall not be personally responsible for or in respect of the validity or sufficiency of this Declaration of Trust or for the due execution hereof by any other party hereto; (v) the Delaware Trustee shall incur no liability to anyone in acting upon any signature, instrument, notice, resolution, request, consent, order, certificate, report, opinion, bond or other document or paper reasonably believed by it to be genuine and reasonably believed by it to be signed by the proper party or parties. The Delaware Trustee may accept a certified copy of a resolution of the board of directors or other governing body of any corporate party as conclusive evidence that such resolution has been duly adopted by such body and that the same is in full force and effect. As to any fact or matter the manner of ascertainment of which is not specifically prescribed herein, the Delaware Trustee may for all purposes hereof rely on a certificate or resolution, signed by a Trustee or an officer of the Company as to such fact or matter, and such certificate shall constitute full protection to the Delaware Trustee for any action taken or omitted to be taken by it in good faith in reliance thereon; (vi) in the exercise or administration of the Company hereunder, the Delaware Trustee (A) may act directly or through agents or attorneys pursuant to agreements entered into with any of them, and the Delaware Trustee shall not be liable for the default or misconduct of such agents or attorneys if such agents or attorneys shall have been selected by the Delaware Trustee in good faith and (B) may consult with counsel, accountants and other skilled persons to be selected by it in good faith and employed by it, and it shall not be liable for anything done, suffered or omitted in good faith by it in accordance with the advice or opinion of any such counsel, accountants or other skilled persons; (vii) in accepting and performing its express duties hereunder the Delaware Trustee acts solely as Delaware Trustee hereunder and not in its individual capacity, and all persons having any claim against the Delaware Trustee by reason of the transactions contemplated by this Declaration of Trust shall look only to the Company for payment or satisfaction thereof; and (viii) the Delaware Trustee shall incur no liability if, by reason of any provision of any present or future law or regulation thereunder, or by any force majeure event, including but not limited to natural disaster, act of war or terrorism, or other circumstances beyond its reasonable control, the Delaware Trustee shall be prevented or forbidden from doing or performing any act or thing which the terms of this Declaration of Trust provide shall or may be done or performed, or by reason of any exercise of, or failure to exercise, any discretion provided for in this Declaration of Trust.

(h)    In the event of the appointment of a successor Delaware Trustee, such successor shall cause an amendment to the certificate of trust of the Company to be filed with the Secretary of State of Delaware in accordance with Section 3810 of the Delaware Statutory Trust Act, indicating the change of the Delaware Trustee’s identity.

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Section 3.3      Compensation and Reimbursement of Expenses; Indemnity. The Company hereby agrees to (i) compensate the Delaware Trustee in accordance with a separate fee agreement with the Delaware Trustee, (ii) reimburse the Delaware Trustee for all reasonable expenses relating to the services of the Delaware Trustee (including reasonable fees and expenses of counsel and other advisers retained by the Delaware Trustee) and (iii) indemnify, defend and hold harmless the Delaware Trustee, and its employees, agents, officers and trustees (the “Indemnified DE Trustee Parties”) from and against any and all claims, actions, suits, demands, assessments, judgments, losses, liabilities, damages, costs, taxes, and expenses, including reasonable fees and expenses of counsel and including costs of enforcement of an Indemnified DE Trustee Party’s rights hereunder(collectively, “Expenses”), to the extent that such Expenses arise out of or are imposed upon or asserted at any time against such Indemnified DE Trustee Parties with respect to the performance of any duties contemplated by this Declaration of Trust or from the services provided or functions performed by the Delaware Trustee; provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to indemnify any Indemnified DE Trustee Parties for any Expenses which are a result of the willful misconduct or gross negligence of such Indemnified DE Trustee Parties. To the fullest extent permitted by law, Expenses to be incurred by any Indemnified DE Trustee Parties shall, from time to time, be advanced by, or on behalf of, the Company prior to the final disposition of any matter upon receipt by the Company of an undertaking by, or on behalf of, such Indemnified DE Trustee Parties to repay such amount if it shall be determined that the Indemnified DE Trustee Parties are not entitled to be indemnified under this Declaration of Trust.

Article IV
Provisions for Defining, Limiting
and Regulating Certain Powers of the
Company and of the Shareholders and Trustees

Section 4.1      Number of Trustees. The business and affairs of the Company shall be managed under the direction of the Board of Trustees (not including the Delaware Trustee). The Board of Trustees shall have full, exclusive and absolute power, control and authority over the Company’s assets and over the business of the Company to the same extent as a board of directors of a Delaware corporation. The Board of Trustees may take any actions as in its sole judgment and discretion are necessary or desirable to conduct the business of the Company. Except as otherwise specifically provided in this Declaration of Trust and the Bylaws, each Trustee and officer of the Company shall have duties including fiduciary duties (and liability therefore) identical to those of directors and officers of a private corporation for profit organized under the DGCL and shall not have any other duties, including any fiduciary duties, except for fiduciary duties identical to those of directors and officers of a private corporation for profit organized under the DGCL. The number of Trustees of the Company is seven (7), which number may be increased or decreased from time to time only by the Trustees pursuant to the Bylaws, but shall never be less than one (1), except for a period of up to sixty (60) days after the death, removal or resignation of a Trustee pending the election of such Trustee’s successor. The names of the initial Trustees are as follows: R. Kipp deVeer, Michael L. Smith, Mitchell Goldstein, Eric B. Siegel, Ann Torre Bates, Steven B. McKeever and Sandra R. Anceleitz.

A majority of the Board of Trustees shall be Independent Trustees, except for a period of up to sixty (60) days or such longer period permitted by law, after the death, removal or resignation of an Independent Trustee pending the election of such Independent Trustee’s successor by the remaining Trustees.

Subject to applicable requirements of the 1940 Act, in order that any and all vacancies on the Board may be filled only by the affirmative vote of a majority of the remaining Trustees in office, even if the remaining Trustees do not constitute a quorum, and any Trustee elected to fill a vacancy shall serve for the remainder of the full term of the trusteeship in which such vacancy occurred and until a successor is duly elected and qualified. There shall be no cumulative voting in the election or removal of Trustees. Trustees shall be elected by a plurality of votes.

Section 4.2      Classes of Trustees. Notwithstanding the foregoing, effective upon and following the occurrence of a Listing of any class of the Company’s Shares, if any: the Board of Trustees shall be divided into three classes, designated Class I, Class II and Class III, as nearly equal in number as possible, and the term of office of Trustees of one class shall expire at each annual meeting of Shareholders, and in all cases as to each Trustee such term shall extend until his or her successor shall be elected and shall qualify or until his or earlier resignation, removal from office, death or incapacity. Additional trusteeships resulting from an increase in number of Trustees shall be apportioned among the classes as equally as possible. The initial term of office of Trustees of Class I shall expire at the Company’s next annual meeting of Shareholders; the initial term of office of Trustees of Class II shall expire at the Company’s second annual meeting of Shareholders following the occurrence of a Listing of any class of the Company’s Shares, if any; and the initial term of office of Trustees of Class III shall expire at the Company’s third annual meeting of Shareholders following the occurrence of a Listing of any class of the Company’s Shares, if any. Following such initial terms, at each annual meeting of Shareholders, a number of Trustees equal to the number of Trustees of the class whose term expires at the time of such meeting (or, if less, the number of Trustees properly nominated and qualified for election) shall be elected to hold office until the third succeeding annual meeting of Shareholders after their election. Each Trustee may be reelected to an unlimited number of succeeding terms in accordance with these provisions.

 

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If the Board of Trustees is classified, at each annual election, Trustees chosen to succeed those whose terms then expire shall be of the same class as the Trustees they succeed, unless by reason of any intervening changes in the authorized number of Trustees, the Board of Trustees shall designate one or more trusteeships whose term then expires as trusteeships of another class in order to more nearly achieve equality of number of Trustees among the classes.

Notwithstanding the rule that the three classes shall be as nearly equal in number of Trustees as possible, in the event of any change in the authorized number of Trustees, each Trustee then continuing to serve as such shall nevertheless continue as a Trustee of the class of which such Trustee is a member until the expiration of his or her current term, or his or her prior death, resignation or removal. If any newly created trusteeship may, consistently with the rule that the three classes shall be as nearly equal in number of Trustees as possible, be allocated to any class, the Board of Trustees shall allocate it to that of the available class whose term of office is due to expire at the earliest date following such allocation.

The voting procedures and the number of votes required to elect a Trustee shall be as set forth in the Bylaws, which may be amended by the Board.

Section 4.3      Shareholder Voting. Except as provided in Article II, Section 4.9, Section 6.2, Section 6.3, Section 6.4, Section 6.5, Section 10.2, Section 11.1 and Section 13.2 of this Declaration of Trust, notwithstanding any provision of law permitting any particular action to be approved by the affirmative vote of the Shareholders of the Company entitled to cast a greater number of votes, any such action shall be effective and valid if declared advisable and approved by the Board of Trustees, and approved by a majority of the votes cast at a meeting of Shareholders at which a quorum is present. All shares of all classes shall vote together as a single class provided that: (a) as to any matter with respect to which a separate vote of any class is required by the 1940 Act or any orders issued thereunder, such requirement as to a separate vote by that class shall apply in lieu of a general vote of all classes; (b) in the event that separate voting requirements apply with respect to one or more classes, then subject to subparagraph (c), the shares of all other classes not entitled to a separate vote shall vote together as a single class; and (c) as to any matter which in the judgment of the Board (which judgment shall be conclusive) does not affect the interest of a particular class, such class shall not be entitled to any vote and only the holders of shares of the one or more affected classes shall be entitled to vote. Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Declaration of Trust or the Bylaws to the contrary, for such matters that require the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting Shares of the Company under the 1940 Act, such majority vote shall be determined as set forth in Section 2(a)(42) of the 1940 Act. The provisions of this Section 4.3 shall be subject to the limitations of the 1940 Act and other applicable statutes or regulations.

Section 4.4      Quorum. The determination of whether a quorum has been established for a meeting of the Company’s Shareholders shall be as set forth in the Bylaws.

Section 4.5      Preemptive Rights. Except as may be provided by the Board of Trustees in setting the terms of classified or reclassified Shares or as may otherwise be provided by contract approved by the Board, no Shareholder shall, as such Shareholder, have any preemptive right to purchase or subscribe for any additional Shares of the Company or any other Security of the Company that it may issue or sell.

Section 4.6      Appraisal Rights. Except as may be provided by the Board of Trustees in setting the terms of any class or series of Shares, and except in connection with a Roll-up Transaction as provided in Section 12.1 no Shareholder shall be entitled to exercise appraisal rights in connection with any transaction.

Section 4.7      Determinations by the Board. The determination as to any of the following matters, made in good faith by or pursuant to the direction of the Board of Trustees consistent with this Declaration of Trust shall be final and conclusive and shall be binding upon the Company and every Shareholder: (i) the amount of the net income of the Company for any period and the amount of assets at any time legally available for the payment of dividends, redemption or repurchase of its Shares or the payment of other distributions on its Shares; (ii) the amount of stated capital, capital surplus, net assets, other surplus, annual or other net profit, net assets in excess of capital, undivided profits or excess of profits over losses on sales of assets; (iii) the amount, purpose, time of creation, increase or decrease, alteration or cancellation of any reserves or charges and the propriety thereof (whether or not any obligation or liability for which such reserves or charges shall have been created shall have been paid or discharged); (iv) any interpretation of the terms, preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers or rights, restrictions, limitations as to dividends or other distributions, qualifications or terms or conditions of redemption of any class or series of Shares of the Company; (v) the fair value, or any sale, bid or asked price to be applied in determining the fair value, of any asset owned or held by the Company or any Shares of the Company; (vi) any matter relating to the acquisition, holding and disposition of any assets by the Company; or (vii) any other matter relating to the business and affairs of the Company or required or permitted by applicable law, this Declaration of Trust or the Bylaws or otherwise to be determined by the Board; provided, however, that any determination by the Board as to any of the preceding matters shall not render invalid or improper any action taken or omitted prior to such determination and no Trustee shall be liable for making or failing to make such a determination.

 

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Section 4.8             Sole Discretion; Good Faith; Corporate Opportunities of Adviser.

(a)            Notwithstanding any other provision of this Declaration of Trust or otherwise applicable law, whenever in this Declaration of Trust the Trustees are permitted or required to make a decision:

(i)            in their “discretion” or under a grant of similar authority, the Trustees shall be entitled to consider such interests and factors as they desire, including their own interest, and, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, shall have no duty or obligation to give any consideration to any interest of or factors affecting the Company or any other Person; or

(ii)            in their “good faith” or under another express standard, the Trustees shall act under such express standard and shall not be subject to any other or different standard.

(b)            Unless expressly provided otherwise herein or in the Company’s offering document (as may be amended from time to time), the Adviser and any Affiliate of the Adviser may engage in or possess an interest in other profit-seeking or business ventures of any nature or description, independently or with others, whether or not such ventures are competitive with the Company and the doctrine of corporate opportunity, or any analogous doctrine. To the extent that the Adviser acquires knowledge of a potential transaction, agreement, arrangement or other matter that may be an opportunity for the Company, it shall not have any duty to communicate or offer such opportunity to the Company, subject to the requirements of the 1940 Act, the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended, and any applicable co-investment order issued by the Commission, and the Adviser shall not be liable to the Company or to the Shareholders for breach of any fiduciary or other duty by reason of the fact that the Adviser pursues or acquires for, or directs such opportunity to, another Person or does not communicate such opportunity or information to the Company. Neither the Company nor any Shareholder shall have any rights or obligations by virtue of this Declaration of Trust or the trust relationship created hereby in or to such independent ventures or the income or profits or losses derived therefrom, and the pursuit of such ventures, even if competitive with the activities of the Company, shall not be deemed wrongful or improper.

Section 4.9             Resignation and Removal of Trustees. Any of the Trustees may resign their trust (without need for prior or subsequent accounting) by an instrument in writing signed by such Trustee and delivered or mailed to the Trustees or the Chairperson, if any, and such resignation shall be effective upon such delivery, or at a later date according to the terms of the instrument. Any Trustee, or the entire Board, may be removed from office at any time (provided the aggregate number of Trustees after such removal shall not be less than the minimum number required by Section 4.1 hereof) only for cause and only by a majority of the remaining Trustees (or in the case of the removal of a Trustee that is not an Interested Person a majority of the remaining Trustees that are not Interested Persons). Upon the resignation or removal of a Trustee, each such resigning or removed Trustee shall execute and deliver such documents as the remaining Trustees shall require for the purpose of conveying to the Company or the remaining Trustees any Company property held in the name of such resigning or removed Trustee. Upon the incapacity or death of any Trustee, such Trustee’s legal representative shall execute and deliver on such Trustee’s behalf such documents as the remaining Trustees shall require as provided in the preceding sentence. Except to the extent expressly provided in a written agreement with the Trust, no Trustee resigning and no Trustee removed shall have any right to any compensation for any period following the effective date of his resignation or removal, or any right to damages on account of a removal. For the purpose of this Section, “cause” shall mean, with respect to any particular Trustee, that the Trustee has (i) been convicted of a felony or a final judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction holding that such Trustee caused demonstrable, material harm to the Trust through bad faith or active and deliberate dishonesty, (ii) been the subject of any order or determination by the SEC or similar agency of any country for any securities violation involving insider trading, fraud, misappropriation, dishonesty or willful misconduct or (iii) been convicted of, or pleaded guilty or no contest to, a crime involving moral turpitude that is reasonably likely to injure, tarnish, damage or otherwise negatively affect the reputation of the Trust.

 

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Section 4.10           Business Combination. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Declaration of Trust or any contrary provision of law, the Board of Trustees may, without Shareholder approval unless such approval is required by the 1940 Act, cause the Company to convert into or merge, reorganize or consolidate with or into one or more trusts, partnerships, limited liability companies, corporations or other business entities, provided that the resulting entity is a business development company under the 1940 Act. Approval of any agreement or applicable certificate of merger, reorganization, consolidation or conversion or other certificate may be signed by a majority of the Board of Trustees or an authorized officer of the Company. In accordance with Section 3815(f) of the Statutory Trust Act, but subject to Section 6.2 of this Declaration of Trust, such approval and approval from the Board will effect an amendment to this Declaration of Trust and/or effect the adoption of a new declaration of trust of the Company or change the name of the Company if the Company is the surviving or resulting entity in the merger or consolidation.

Section 4.11           Special Meetings. A majority of the Independent Trustees or the Chief Executive Officer may call a special meeting of the Shareholders.

Section 4.12           Trust Only. It is the intention of the Trustees to create only the relationship of Trustee and beneficiary between the Trustees and each Shareholder from time to time. It is not the intention of the Trustees to create a general partnership, limited partnership, joint stock association, corporation, bailment or any form of legal relationship other than a Delaware statutory trust. Nothing in this Declaration of Trust shall be construed to make the Shareholders, either by themselves or with the Trustees, partners or members of a joint stock association.

Section 4.13           Trustee Action by Written Consent. Any action which may be taken by Trustees by vote may be taken without a meeting if that number of the Trustees, or members of a committee, as the case may be, required for approval of such action at a meeting of the Trustees or of such committee consent to the action in writing and the written consents are filed with the records of the meetings of Trustees. Such consent shall be treated for all purposes as a vote taken at a meeting of Trustees.

Section 4.14           Officers. The Trustees shall elect a Chief Executive Officer, a Secretary and a Chief Financial Officer and may elect a Chairperson who shall serve at the pleasure of the Trustees or until their successors are elected. The Trustees may elect or appoint or may authorize the Chairperson, if any, or Chief Executive Officer to appoint such other officers or agents with such powers as the Trustees may deem to be advisable. A Chairperson shall, and the Chief Executive Officer, Secretary and Chief Financial Officer may, but need not, be a Trustee. All officers shall owe to the Company and its Shareholders the same fiduciary duties (and only such fiduciary duties) as owed by officers of corporations to such corporations and their stockholders under the DGCL.

Section 4.15           Principal Transactions. Except to the extent prohibited by applicable law and the Omnibus Guidelines, the Trustees may, on behalf of the Company, buy any securities from or sell any securities to, or lend any assets of the Company to, any Trustee or officer of the Company or any firm of which any such Trustee or officer is a member acting as principal, or have any such dealings with any Affiliate of the Company, investment adviser, investment sub-adviser, distributor or transfer agent for the Company or with any Interested Person of such Affiliate or other person; and the Company may employ any such Affiliate or other person, or firm or company in which such Affiliate or other person is an Interested Person, as broker, legal counsel, registrar, investment advisor, investment sub-advisor, distributor, transfer agent, dividend disbursing agent, custodian or in any other capacity upon customary terms.

Section 4.16           Subsidiaries. Without approval or vote by Shareholders, the Trustees may cause to be organized or assist in organizing one or more corporations, trusts, partnerships, associations or other organizations to take over all of the Company’s property or to carry on any business in which the Company shall directly or indirectly have any interest and to sell, convey, and transfer all or a portion of the Company’s property to any such corporation, trust, limited liability company, association or organization in exchange for the shares or securities thereof, or otherwise, and to lend money to, subscribe for the shares or securities of and enter into any contracts with any such corporation, trust, limited liability company, partnership, association or organization, or any corporation, partnership, trust, limited liability company, association or organization in which the Company holds or is about to acquire shares or any other interests.

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Section 4.17           Delegation. The Trustees shall have the power to delegate from time to time to such of their number or to officers, employees or agents of the Company the doing of such things, including any matters set forth in this Declaration of Trust, and the execution of such instruments either in the name of the Company or the names of the Trustees or otherwise as the Trustees may deem expedient. The Trustees may designate one or more committees which shall have all or such lesser portion of the authority of the entire Board of Trustees as the Trustees shall determine from time to time except to the extent action by the entire Board of Trustees or particular Trustees is required by the 1940 Act.

Article V
Shares

Section 5.1             Authorized Shares. The beneficial interest in the Company shall at all times be divided into an unlimited number of Shares. The Shares of the Company shall initially consist of Common Shares, with such par value as may be authorized from time to time by the Trustees in their sole discretion without Shareholder approval. All Common Shares shall be fully paid and nonassessable when issued. Mandatory assessments of Common Shares shall be prohibited and the Company shall not make any mandatory assessment against any Shareholder beyond such Shareholder’s subscription commitment. Any different classes or series shall be established and designated, and the variations in the relative rights and preferences as between the different classes shall be fixed and determined, by the Trustees without Shareholder approval. The Trustees may create a class of preferred shares (the “Preferred Shares”) which may be divided into one or more series of Preferred Shares and with such par value as may be authorized from time to time by the Trustees in their sole discretion without Shareholder approval. The Company is authorized to offer and issue an unlimited number of Common Shares and an unlimited number of Preferred Shares.

Section 5.2             Authorization by Board of Share Issuance. The Board of Trustees may authorize the issuance from time to time of Shares of the Company of any class or series, whether now or hereafter authorized, or securities or rights convertible into Shares of any class or series, whether now or hereafter authorized, for such consideration as the Board may deem advisable (or without consideration in the case of a split of Shares or dividend), subject to such restrictions or limitations, if any, as may be set forth in this Declaration of Trust or the Bylaws.

Section 5.3             Classification or Reclassification by the Board. As contemplated by Section 5.1, the variations in the relative rights and preferences as between any classes of Common Shares and any potential Preferred Shares shall be fixed and determined by the Trustees; provided, that all Common Shares or Preferred Shares of the Company or of any series shall be identical to all other Common Shares or Preferred Shares of the Company or of the same series, as the case may be, except that, to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act, there may be variations between different classes as to allocation of expenses, rights of redemption, special and relative rights and preferences as to dividends and distributions and on liquidation, conversion rights, and conditions under which the several classes shall have separate voting rights. All of the outstanding Common Shares as of the date hereof issued to the sole initial shareholder shall be classified as Class I Shares with such terms as set forth in the initial prospectus of the Company, as thereafter subsequently modified from time to time. Any class of Preferred Shares shall have such rights and preferences and priorities over the Common Shares as may be established by the terms thereof; provided that the Company may not issue any shares of preferred shares that would limit or subordinate the voting rights of holders of Common Shares as set forth in the Omnibus Guidelines unless required by the 1940 Act. The following provisions shall be applicable to any division of Shares of the Company into one or more classes or series:

(a)            All provisions herein relating to the Shares, or any class or series of Shares of the Company, including common and preferred shares, shall apply equally to each class of Shares of the Company or of any series of the Company, except as the context requires otherwise.

(b)            The number of Shares of each class that may be issued shall be unlimited. The Trustees may classify or reclassify any Shares or any class of any Shares into one or more other classes that may be established and designated from time to time. The Company may purchase and hold Shares as treasury shares, reissue such treasury shares for such consideration and on such terms as the Trustees may determine, or cancel any Shares of any class acquired by the Company at the Trustees’ discretion from time to time.

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(c)            Liabilities, expenses, costs, charges and reserves related to the distribution of, and other identified expenses that should properly be allocated to, the Shares of a particular class or series within the class may be charged to and borne solely by such class or series, and the bearing of expenses solely by a class of shares or series may be appropriately reflected (in a manner determined by the Trustees) and cause differences in the net asset value attributable to, and the dividend, redemption and liquidation rights of, the Shares of different classes or series. Each allocation of liabilities, expenses, costs, charges and reserves by the Trustees in their reasonable judgment shall be conclusive and binding upon the Shareholders of all classes for all purposes.

(d)            The establishment and designation of any class or series of Shares shall be effective upon a majority of the Trustees adopting a resolution which sets forth such establishment and designation and the relative rights and preferences of such class or series. Each such resolution shall be incorporated herein by reference upon adoption. The Trustees may, by resolution of a majority of the Trustees, abolish any class or series and the establishment and designation thereof. To the extent the provisions set forth in such resolution conflict with the provisions of this Declaration of Trust with respect to any such rights and privileges of the class or series of Shares, such resolution shall control.

Section 5.4             Dividends and Distributions.

(a)            Unless otherwise expressly provided in this Declaration of Trust, the holders of each class or series of Shares shall be entitled to dividends and distributions in such amounts and at such times as may be determined by the Board, and the dividends and distributions paid with respect to the various classes or series of Shares may vary among such classes or series. Expenses related to the distribution of, and other identified expenses that properly should be allocated to the shares of, a particular class or series may be appropriately reflected (in a manner determined by the Board, in its discretion) and cause a difference in the Net Asset Value attributable to, and the dividend, redemption and liquidation rights of, the shares of each such class or series of Shares.

(b)            The Trustees may always retain from the net profits such amount as they may deem necessary to pay the debts or expenses of the Company or to meet obligations of the Company, or as they otherwise may deem desirable to use in the conduct of its affairs or to retain for future requirements or extensions of the business.

(c)            From time to time and not less than quarterly, the Company shall review the Company’s accounts to determine whether cash distributions are appropriate. The Company may, subject to authorization by the Board of Trustees, distribute to the Shareholders funds received by the Company that the Board of Trustees deems unnecessary to retain in the Company. The Board may authorize the Company to declare and pay to Shareholders such dividends or distributions, in cash or other assets of the Company or in Securities of the Company or from any other source, as the Board in its discretion shall determine. The Board shall endeavor to authorize the Company to declare and pay such dividends and distributions: (i) as shall be necessary for the Company to qualify as a “Regulated Investment Company” under the Code and a business development company under the 1940 Act, and (ii) to the extent that the Board deems it unnecessary for the Company to retain funds received by it; provided, however, that in each case Shareholders shall have no right to any dividend or distribution unless and until authorized by the Board and declared by the Company. Distributions pursuant to this Section 5.4 may be among the Shareholders of record of the applicable class or series of Shares at the time of declaring a distribution or among the Shareholders of record at such later date as the Trustees shall determine and specify. The exercise of the powers and rights of the Board pursuant to this Section 5.4 shall be subject to the provisions of any class or series of shares at the time outstanding. The receipt by any Person in whose name any shares are registered on the records of the Company or by his or her duly authorized agent shall be a sufficient discharge for all dividends or distributions payable or deliverable in respect of such shares and from all liability to see to the application thereof. Distributions in kind shall not be permitted, except for distributions of readily marketable Securities, distributions of cash from a liquidating trust established for the dissolution of the Company and the liquidation of its assets in accordance with the terms of this Declaration of Trust or distributions in which: (i) the Board advises each Shareholder of the risks associated with direct ownership of the property, (ii) the Board offers each Shareholder the election of receiving such in-kind distributions, and (iii) in-kind distributions are made only to those Shareholders that accept such offer.

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(d)            Inasmuch as the computation of net income and gains for Federal income tax purposes may vary from the computation thereof on the books, the above provisions shall be interpreted to give the Trustees the power in their discretion to distribute for any fiscal year as ordinary dividends and as capital gains distributions, respectively, additional amounts sufficient to enable the Company to avoid or reduce liability for taxes.

(e)            If a declaration of dividends or distributions is made pursuant to this Section then (i) at any time prior to the related payment date, the Board may, in its sole discretion, rescind such declaration or change each of the record date and payment date to a later date or dates (in each case for a period of not greater than 180 days after each of the record date and payment date theretofore in effect and provided the payment date as so changed is not more than 60 days after the record date as so changed).

(f)            In no event, however, shall funds be advanced or borrowed for purpose of distributions, if the amount of such distributions would exceed the Company’s accrued and received revenues for the previous four quarters, less paid and accrued operating costs with respect to such revenues, determined in accordance with GAAP, consistently applied. Cash distributions from the Company to the Sponsor shall only be made in conjunction with distributions to Shareholders and only out of funds properly allocated to the Sponsor’s account.

Section 5.5            Proportionate Rights. All shares of each particular class shall represent an equal proportionate interest in the assets attributable to the class (subject to the liabilities of that class), and each share of any particular class shall be equal to each other share of that class. The Board of Trustees may, from time to time, divide or combine the shares of any particular class into a greater or lesser number of shares of that class without thereby changing the proportionate interest in the assets attributable to that class or in any way affecting the rights of holders of shares of any other class.

Section 5.6            Distributions in Liquidation. Unless otherwise expressly provided in this Declaration of Trust, in the event of any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, whether voluntary or involuntary, the holders of all classes of Shares of the Company shall be entitled, after payment or provision for payment of the debts and other liabilities of the Company (as such liability may affect one or more of the classes and series of Shares of the Company), to share ratably in the remaining net assets of the Company.

Section 5.7             Deferred Payments. The Company shall not have authority to make arrangements for deferred payments on account of the purchase price of shares of the Company’s Shares unless all of the following conditions are met: (a) such arrangements are warranted by the Company’s investment objectives; (b) the period of deferred payments coincides with the anticipated cash needs of the Company; (c) the deferred payments shall be evidenced by a promissory note of the Shareholder, which note shall be with recourse, shall not be negotiable, shall be assignable only subject to defenses of the maker and shall not contain a provision authorizing a confession of judgment; and (d) selling commissions and Front End Fees paid upon deferred payments are payable when payment is made on the note. The Company shall not sell or assign the deferred obligation notes at a discount. In the event of default in the payment of deferred payments by a Shareholder, the Shareholder may be subjected to a reasonable penalty.

Section 5.8            Fractional Shares. The Company shall have authority to issue fractional shares. Any fractional Shares shall carry proportionately all of the rights of a whole share, including, without limitation, the right to vote and the right to receive dividends and other distributions.

Section 5.9            Declaration of Trust and Bylaws. All persons who shall acquire Shares in the Company shall acquire the same subject to the provisions of this Declaration of Trust and the Bylaws.

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Section 5.10           Redemptions. Holders of Shares of the Company shall not be entitled to require the Company to repurchase or redeem Shares of the Company.

Section 5.11           Disclosure of Holding. The holders of Shares or other securities of the Company shall upon demand disclose to the Trustees in writing such information with respect to direct and indirect ownership of Shares or other securities of the Company as the Trustees deem necessary to comply with the provisions of the Code, the 1940 Act or other applicable laws or regulations, or to comply with the requirements of any other taxing or regulatory authority.

Section 5.12           Repurchase of Shares. The Trustees shall have the power to issue, sell, repurchase, redeem, retire, cancel, acquire, hold, resell, reissue, dispose of, transfer, and otherwise deal in, Shares, including Shares in fractional denominations, and, to apply to any such repurchase, redemption, retirement, cancellation or acquisition of Shares any funds or property. The Trustees may establish, from time to time, a program or programs by which the Company voluntarily repurchases Shares from the Shareholders; provided, however, that such repurchases do not impair the capital or operations of the Company.

Section 5.13           Power to Modify Foregoing Procedures. Notwithstanding any of the foregoing provisions of this Article V, the Trustees may prescribe, in their absolute discretion except as may be required by the 1940 Act, such other bases and times for determining the per share asset value of the Company’s Shares or net income, or the declaration and payment of dividends and distributions as they may deem necessary or desirable for any reason, including to enable the Company to comply with any provision of the 1940 Act, federal securities laws, state securities laws, or any securities exchange or association registered under the Exchange Act, or any order of exemption issued by the SEC, all as in effect now or hereafter amended or modified.

Section 5.14           ERISA Restrictions. Notwithstanding any other provision herein, if and to the extent that any class of Shares do not constitute Publicly Offered Securities, in order to avoid the possibility that the underlying assets of the Company could be treated as assets of a Benefit Plan Investor pursuant to the Plan Asset Regulation, the Company, at the direction of the Board of Trustees or any duly-authorized committee of the Board, or, if authorized by the Board, any officer of the Company or the Adviser on behalf of the Company, shall have the power to (1) require any Person proposing to acquire Shares to furnish such information as may be necessary to determine whether such person is (i) a Benefit Plan Investor, or (ii) an ERISA Controlling Person, (2) exclude any shareholder or potential shareholder from purchasing our Common Shares (3) prohibit any repurchase of Shares to any Person, and (4) repurchase any or all outstanding Shares held by a Shareholder for such price and on such other terms and conditions as may be determined by or at the direction of the Board.

Article VI
Amendments; Certain Extraordinary Actions

Section 6.1            Amendments Generally. Subject to Section 6.2, the Board of Trustees reserves the right, without any vote of Shareholders, from time to time to make any amendment to this Declaration of Trust, now or hereafter authorized by law, including any amendment altering the terms or contract rights, as expressly set forth in this Declaration of Trust, of any outstanding Shares.

Section 6.2            Approval of Certain Declaration of Trust Amendments. If the Company’s Shares are Covered Securities, then the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Company, as defined by the 1940 Act, shall be necessary to effect:

(a)            Any amendment to Section 4.3, 4.9 or this Section 6.2.

Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section 6.2, if the Company’s Shares are not Covered Securities, or, if the Board of Trustees approves a proposal or amendment pursuant to this Section 6.2 by a vote of at least two-thirds of such Board of Trustees (excluding the Delaware Trustee), then only the affirmative vote of the holders of more than fifty percent (50%) of the outstanding Shares of the Company entitled to vote thereon shall be required to approve such matter.

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Section 6.3      Approval of Certain Amendments to Bylaws. The Board of Trustees shall have the exclusive power to adopt, alter or repeal any provision of the Bylaws and to make new Bylaws.

Section 6.4      Amendments to Comply with Blue Sky Regulatory Requirements. Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Declaration of Trust or the Bylaws to the contrary, the Board of Trustee’s may, without the approval or vote of the Shareholders, amend or otherwise supplement this Declaration of Trust for the purpose of complying or conforming this Declaration of Trust as necessary to satisfy any Omnibus Guidelines or the statutes, rules, regulations or requests of any state securities regulator, or otherwise necessary for the Company to publicly offer Shares in any state as determined by the Board of Trustees in good faith.

Section 6.5      Execution of Amendments. Upon obtaining such approvals required by this Declaration of Trust and the Bylaws and without further action or execution by any other Person, including the Delaware Trustee or any Shareholder, (i) any amendment to this Declaration of Trust may be implemented and reflected in a writing executed solely by the requisite members of the Board of Trustees, and (ii) the Delaware Trustee and the Shareholders shall be deemed a party to and bound by such amendment of this Declaration of Trust; provided, however, the Delaware Trustee’s written consent shall be required for any amendment that would affect the Delaware Trustee.

Article VII
Limitation of Liability; Indemnification and
Advance of Expenses

Section 7.1             Limitation of Shareholder Liability. Shareholders shall be entitled to the same limited liability extended to Shareholders of private Delaware for profit corporations formed under the DGCL. No Shareholder shall be liable for any debt, claim, demand, judgment or obligation of any kind of, against or with respect to the Company by reason of being a Shareholder, nor shall any Shareholder be subject to any personal liability whatsoever, in tort, contract or otherwise, to any Person in connection with the Company’s assets or the affairs of the Company by reason of being a Shareholder.

Section 7.2             Limitation of Trustee and Officer Liability. To the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law, subject to any limitation set forth under the federal securities laws, or in this Article VII, no Trustee or officer of the Company shall be liable to the Company or its Shareholders for money damages. Neither the amendment nor repeal of this Section 7.2, nor the adoption or amendment of any other provision of this Declaration of Trust or Bylaws inconsistent with this Section 7.2, shall apply to or affect in any respect the applicability of the preceding sentence with respect to any act or failure to act that occurred prior to such amendment, repeal or adoption. The Company may not incur the cost of that portion of liability insurance which insures the Adviser for any liability as to which the Adviser is prohibited from being indemnified.

Section 7.3             Indemnification.

(a)            Each Person who was or is made a party or is threatened to be made a party to or is otherwise involved in any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative, or investigative (hereinafter a “proceeding”), by reason of the fact:

(i)            that he or she is or was a Trustee, officer, employee, Controlling Person or agent of the Company, or

(ii)            that he or she, being at the time a Trustee, officer, employee or agent of the Company, is or was serving at the request of the Company as a director, trustee, officer, employee or agent of another corporation or of a partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, including service with respect to an employee benefit plan (collectively, “another enterprise” or “other enterprise”), whether either in case (i) or in case (ii) the basis of such proceeding is alleged action or inaction (x) in an official capacity as a Trustee, officer, employee, Controlling Person or agent of the Company, or as a director, trustee, officer, employee or agent of such other enterprise, or (y) in any other capacity related to the Company or such other enterprise while so serving as a director, trustee, officer, employee or agent, shall be indemnified and held harmless by the Company to the fullest extent not prohibited by Delaware law and subject to paragraphs (b) and (c) below, from and against all liability, loss, judgments, penalties, fines, settlements, and reasonable expenses (including, without limitation, attorneys’ fees and amounts paid in settlement and including costs of enforcement of enforcement of rights under this Section) (collectively, “Liability and Losses”) actually incurred or suffered by such Person in connection therewith. The Persons indemnified hereunder are hereinafter referred to as “Indemnitees.” Such indemnification as to such alleged action or inaction shall continue as to an Indemnitee who has after such alleged action or inaction ceased to be a Trustee, officer, employee, Controlling Person or agent of the Company, or director, officer, employee or agent of another enterprise; and shall inure to the benefit of the Indemnitee’s heirs, executors and administrators. The right to indemnification conferred under this Article VII: (A) shall be a contract right; (B) shall not be affected adversely as to any Indemnitee by any amendment or repeal of this Declaration of Trust with respect to any action or inaction occurring prior to such amendment or repeal; and (C) shall vest immediately upon election or appointment of such Indemnitee.

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(b)            Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, the Company shall not provide any indemnification of an Indemnitee pursuant to paragraph (a) above, unless all of the following conditions are met:

(i)            The Indemnitee has determined, in good faith, that any course of conduct of such Indemnitee giving rise to the Liability and Losses was in the best interests of the Company.

(ii)            The Indemnitee was acting on behalf of or performing services for the Company.

(iii)            Such Liability and Losses were not the result of (1) negligence or misconduct, in the case that the Indemnitee is a Trustee (other than an Independent Trustee), officer, employee, Controlling Person or agent of the Company, or (2) gross negligence or willful misconduct, in the case that the Indemnitee is an Independent Trustee.

(iv)            Such indemnification is recoverable only out of the net assets of the Company and not from the Shareholders.

(c)            Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, the Company shall not provide any indemnification of an Indemnitee pursuant to paragraph (a) above for any Liability and Losses arising from or out of an alleged violation of federal or state securities laws by such Indemnitee unless one or more of the following conditions are met: (i) there has been a successful adjudication on the merits of each count involving alleged securities law violations as to the Indemnitee, (ii) such claims have been dismissed with prejudice on the merits by a court of competent jurisdiction as to the Indemnitee or (iii) a court of competent jurisdiction approves a settlement of the claims against the Indemnitee and finds that indemnification of the settlement and the related costs should be made, and the court considering the request for indemnification has been advised of the position of the SEC and of the published position of any state securities regulatory authority in which securities were offered or sold as to indemnification for violations of securities laws.

Section 7.4             Payment of Expenses. The Company shall pay or reimburse reasonable legal expenses and other costs incurred by an Indemnitee in advance of final disposition of a proceeding if all of the following are satisfied: (i) the proceeding relates to acts or omissions with respect to the performance of duties or services on behalf of the Company, (ii) the Indemnitee provides the Company with written affirmation of the Indemnitee’s good faith belief that the Indemnitee has met the standard of conduct necessary for indemnification by the Company as authorized by Section 7.3 hereof, (iii) the legal proceeding was initiated by a third party who is not a Shareholder or, if by a Shareholder of the Company acting in his or her capacity as such, a court of competent jurisdiction approves such advancement, and (iv) the Indemnitee provides the Company with a written agreement to repay the amount paid or reimbursed by the Company, together with the applicable legal rate of interest thereon, if it is ultimately determined by final, non-appealable decision of a court of competent jurisdiction, that the Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification.

Section 7.5             Limitations to Indemnification. The provisions of this Article VII shall be subject to the limitations of the 1940 Act.

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Section 7.6             Express Exculpatory Clauses in Instruments. Neither the Shareholders nor the Trustees, officers, employees or agents of the Company shall be liable under any written instrument creating an obligation of the Company by reason of their being Shareholders, Trustees, officers, employees or agents of the Company, and all Persons shall look solely to the Company’s net assets for the payment of any claim under or for the performance of that instrument. The omission of the foregoing exculpatory language from any instrument shall not affect the validity or enforceability of such instrument and shall not render any Shareholder, Trustee, officer, employee or agent liable thereunder to any third party, nor shall the Trustees or any officer, employee or agent of the Company be liable to anyone as a result of such omission.

Section 7.7             Non-exclusivity. The indemnification and advancement of expenses provided or authorized by this Article VII shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights, by indemnification or otherwise, to which any Indemnitee may be entitled under the Bylaws, a resolution of Shareholders or Trustees, an agreement or otherwise.

Section 7.8             No Bond Required of Trustees. No Trustee shall, as such, be obligated to give any bond or other security for the performance of any of his or her duties hereunder.

Section 7.9             No Duty of Investigation; No Notice in Trust Instruments, etc. No purchaser, lender, transfer agent or other person dealing with the Trustees or with any officer, employee or agent of the Company shall be bound to make any inquiry concerning the validity of any transaction purporting to be made by the Trustees or by said officer, employee or agent or be liable for the application of money or property paid, loaned, or delivered to or on the order of the Trustees or of said officer, employee or agent. Every obligation, contract, undertaking, instrument, certificate, Share, other security of the Company, and every other act or thing whatsoever executed in connection with the Company shall be conclusively taken to have been executed or done by the executors thereof only in their capacity as Trustees under this Declaration of Trust or in their capacity as officers, employees or agents of the Company. The Trustees may maintain insurance for the protection of the Company’s property, the Shareholders, Trustees, officers, employees and agents in such amount as the Trustees shall deem adequate to cover possible tort liability, and such other insurance as the Trustees in their sole judgment shall deem advisable or is required by the 1940 Act.

Section 7.10           Reliance on Experts, etc. Each Trustee and officer or employee of the Company shall, in the performance of his or her duties, be fully and completely justified and protected with regard to any act or any failure to act resulting from reliance in good faith upon the books of account or other records of the Company, upon an opinion of counsel, or upon reports made to the Company by any of the Company’s officers or employees or by any advisor, administrator, manager, distributor, selected dealer, accountant, appraiser or other expert or consultant selected with reasonable care by the Trustees, officers or employees of the Company, regardless of whether such counsel or expert may also be a Trustee.

Article VIII
Adviser, Administrator and Custodian; Distribution Arrangements

Section 8.1             Supervision of Adviser and Administrator.

(a)            Subject to the requirements of the 1940 Act, the Board of Trustees may exercise broad discretion in allowing the Adviser and, if applicable, the Administrator, to administer and regulate the operations of the Company, to act as agent for the Company, to execute documents on behalf of the Company and to make executive decisions that conform to general policies and principles established by the Board. The Board shall monitor the Adviser, or if any, the Administrator, to assure that the administrative procedures, operations and programs of the Company are in the best interests of the Shareholders and are fulfilled and that (i) the expenses incurred are reasonable in light of the investment performance of the Company, its net assets and its net income, (ii) all Front End Fees shall be reasonable and shall not exceed eighteen percent (18%) of the gross proceeds of any offering, regardless of the source of payment, and (iii) the percentage of gross proceeds of any offering committed to investment shall be at least eighty-two percent (82%). All items of compensation to underwriters or dealers, including, but not limited to, selling commissions, expenses, rights of first refusal, consulting fees, finders’ fees and all other items of compensation of any kind or description paid by the Company, directly or indirectly, shall be taken into consideration in computing the amount of allowable Front End Fees.

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(b)            The Board of Trustees is responsible for determining that compensation paid to the Adviser is reasonable in relation to the nature and quality of services performed and the investment performance of the Company and that the provisions of the Investment Advisory and Management Agreement are being carried out. The Board may consider all factors that they deem relevant in making these determinations. So long as the Company is a business development company under the 1940 Act, compensation to the Adviser shall be considered presumptively reasonable if the incentive fee is limited to the participation in net gains allowed by the 1940 Act.

Section 8.2             Fiduciary Obligations of Adviser. The Investment Advisory and Management Agreement shall provide that the Adviser has a fiduciary responsibility for the safekeeping and use of all funds and assets of the Company, whether or not in the Company’s immediate possession or control, and that the Adviser shall not employ, or permit another to employ, such funds or assets in any manner except for the exclusive benefit of the Company. The Company shall not permit any Shareholder to contract away any fiduciary obligation owed by the Adviser under common law.

Section 8.3             Experience of Officers and Adviser. The Board of Trustees shall determine the sufficiency and adequacy of the relevant experience and qualifications for the officers of the Company given the business objective of the Company. The Board shall determine whether any Adviser possesses sufficient qualifications to perform the advisory function for the Company and whether the compensation provided for in its contract with the Company is justified.

Section 8.4            Termination of Investment Advisory and Management Agreement. The Investment Advisory and Management Agreement shall provide that it is terminable (a) by the Company upon sixty (60) days’ written notice to the Adviser: (i) upon the affirmative vote of holders of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Company entitled to vote on the matter (as “majority” is defined in Section 2(a)(42) of the 1940 Act) or (ii) by the vote of a majority of the Independent Trustees who are not parties to the Investment Advisory and Management Agreement; or (b) by the Adviser upon not less than one hundred twenty (120) days’ written notice to the Company, in each case without cause or penalty. In the event of termination, the Adviser will cooperate with the Company and the Board in making an orderly transition of the advisory function. In addition, if the Company elects to continue its operations following termination of the Investment Advisory and Management Agreement by the Adviser, the Adviser shall pay all expenses actually incurred as a direct result of its withdrawal. Upon termination of the Investment Advisory and Management Agreement, the Company shall pay the Adviser all amounts then accrued but unpaid to the Adviser. The method of payment must be fair and protect the solvency and liquidity of the Company, in accordance with Section II E.3 of the Omnibus Guidelines.

Section 8.5             Organization and Offering Expenses Limitation. Unless otherwise provided in any resolution adopted by the Board of Trustees, the Company shall reimburse the Adviser and its Affiliates for Organization and Offering Expenses incurred by the Adviser or its Affiliates; provided, however, that the total amount of all Organization and Offering Expenses shall be reasonable, as determined by the Board, and shall be included in Front End Fees for purposes of the limit on such Front End Fees set forth in Section 8.1.

Section 8.6            Acquisition Fees. The Company may pay the Adviser and/or its Affiliates fees for the review and evaluation of potential investments; provided, however, that the Board of Trustees shall conclude that the total of all Acquisition Fees and Acquisition Expenses shall be reasonable.

Section 8.7             Reimbursement of Adviser. The Company shall not reimburse the Adviser or its Affiliates for services for which the Adviser or its Affiliates are entitled to compensation in the form of a separate fee. Excluded from the allowable reimbursement shall be: (a) rent or depreciation, utilities, capital equipment, other administrative items of the Adviser; and (b) salaries, fringe benefits, travel expenses and other administrative items incurred or allocated to any Controlling Person of the Adviser.

Section 8.8             Reimbursement of Administrator. In the event the Company executes an agreement for the provision of administrative services, the Company may reimburse the Administrator, at the end of each fiscal quarter, for all expenses of the Company incurred by the Administrator as well as the actual cost of goods and services used for or by the Company and obtained from entities not Affiliated with the Company. Notwithstanding any other provision in this Declaration of Trust, the Administrator may be reimbursed for the administrative services necessary for the prudent operation of the Company performed by it on behalf of the Company; provided, however, the reimbursement shall be an amount equal to the lower of the Administrator’s actual cost or the amount the Company would be required to pay third parties for the provision of comparable administrative services in the same geographic location; and provided, further, that such costs are reasonably allocated to the Company on the basis of assets, revenues, time records or other method conforming with GAAP. Except as otherwise provided herein, no reimbursement shall be permitted for services for which the Administrator is entitled to compensation by way of a separate fee.

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Section 8.9             Custodians.

(a)            The Trustees may employ a custodian or custodians meeting the qualifications for custodians for portfolio securities of investment companies contained in the 1940 Act, as custodian with respect to the assets of the Company. Any custodian shall have authority as agent of the Company as determined by the custodian agreement or agreements, but subject to such restrictions, limitations and other requirements, if any, as may be contained in the Bylaws of the Company and the 1940 Act, including without limitation authority:

(i)            to hold the securities owned by the Company and deliver the same upon written order;

(ii)            to receive any receipt for any moneys due to the Company and deposit the same in its own banking department (if a bank) or elsewhere as the Trustees may direct;

(iii)            to disburse such funds upon orders or vouchers;

(iv)            if authorized by the Trustees, to keep the books and accounts of the Company and furnish clerical and accounting services; and

(v)            if authorized to do so by the Trustees, to compute the net income or net asset value of the Company;

all upon such basis of compensation as may be agreed upon between the Trustees and the custodian.

The Trustees may also authorize each custodian to employ one or more sub-custodians from time to time to perform such of the acts and services of the custodian and upon such terms and conditions, as may be agreed upon between the custodian and such sub-custodian and approved by the Trustees, provided that in every case such sub-custodian shall meet the qualifications for custodians contained in the 1940 Act.

(b)            Subject to such rules, regulations and orders as the SEC may adopt, the Trustees may direct the custodian to deposit all or any part of the securities owned by the Company in a system for the central handling of securities established by a national securities exchange or a national securities association registered with the SEC under the Exchange Act, or such other Person as may be permitted by the SEC, or otherwise in accordance with the 1940 Act, pursuant to which system all securities of any particular class of any issuer deposited within the system are treated as fungible and may be transferred or pledged by bookkeeping entry without physical delivery of such securities, provided that all such deposits shall be subject to withdrawal only upon the order of the Company.

Section 8.10          Distribution Arrangements. Subject to compliance with the 1940 Act, the Trustees may retain underwriters, distributors and/or placement agents to sell Shares and other securities of the Company. The Trustees may in their discretion from time to time enter into one or more contracts, providing for the sale of securities of the Company, whereby the Company may either agree to sell such securities to the other party to the contract or appoint such other party as its sales agent for such securities. In either case, the contract shall be on such terms and conditions as the Trustees may in their discretion determine not inconsistent with the provisions of this Article VIII or the Bylaws; and such contract may also provide for the repurchase or sale of securities of the Company by such other party as principal or as agent of the Company and may provide that such other party may enter into selected dealer agreements and servicing and similar agreements to further the purposes of the distribution or repurchase of the securities of the Company.

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Article IX
Investment Objectives and Limitations

Section 9.1             Investment Objective. The Company’s investment objective is to generate current income and, to a lesser extent, long-term capital appreciation. The Trustees shall have power with respect to the Company to manage, conduct, operate and carry on the business of a business development company. The Independent Trustees shall review the investment policies of the Company with sufficient frequency (not less often than annually) to determine that the policies being followed by the Company are in the best interests of its Shareholders. Each such determination and the basis therefor shall be set forth in the minutes of the meetings of the Board of Trustees.

Section 9.2             Investments, Generally. All transactions entered into by the Company shall be consistent with the investment permissions and limitations as established for business development companies under the 1940 Act, including any applicable exemptive orders that have been or may be issued in the future by the SEC.

Section 9.3             Investments in Programs. For purposes of this Section, “Program” shall be defined as a limited or general partnership, joint venture, unincorporated association or similar organization, other than a corporation, formed and operated for the primary purpose of investment in and the operation of or gain from and interest in the assets to be acquired by such entity. A Program shall not include (and nothing in this Declaration of Trust shall prevent) investments by the Company directly in a master fund in a master/feeder fund structure permissible under the 1940 Act. A Program shall not include an Eligible Portfolio Company as defined by the 1940 Act.

(a)            The Company shall not invest in Programs with non-Affiliates that own and operate specific assets, unless the Company, alone or together with any publicly registered Affiliate of the Company meeting the requirements of subsection (b) below, acquires a controlling interest in such a Program, but in no event shall the Adviser or any of its affiliates be entitled to duplicate fees; provided, however that the foregoing is not intended to prevent the Company from carrying out its business of investing and reinvesting its assets in Securities of other issuers. For purposes of this Section, “controlling interest” means an equity interest possessing the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of the Program, including the authority to: (i) review all contracts entered into by the Program that will have a material effect on its business or assets; (ii) cause a sale or refinancing of the assets or its interest therein subject, in certain cases where required by the Program agreement, to limits as to time, minimum amounts and/or a right of first refusal by the Program or consent of the Program; (iii) approve budgets and major capital expenditures, subject to a stated minimum amount; (iv) veto any sale or refinancing of the assets, or alternatively, to receive a specified preference on sale or refinancing proceeds; and (v) exercise a right of first refusal on any desired sale or refinancing by the Program of its interest in the assets, except for transfer to an Affiliate of the Program.

(b)            The Company shall have the authority to invest in Programs with other publicly registered Affiliates of the Company if all of the following conditions are met: (i) the Affiliate and the Company have substantially identical investment objectives; (ii) there are no duplicate fees to the Adviser or any of its affiliates; (iii) the compensation payable by the Program to the Adviser in each Company that invests in such Program is substantially identical; (iv) each of the Company and the Affiliate has a right of first refusal to buy if the other party wishes to sell assets held in the joint venture; (v) the investment of each of the Company and its Affiliate is on substantially the same terms and conditions; and (vi) any prospectus of the Company in use or proposed to be used when such an investment has been made or is contemplated discloses the potential risk of impasse on joint venture decisions since neither the Company nor its Affiliate controls the Program, and the potential risk that while the Company or its Affiliate may have the right to buy the assets from the Program, it may not have the resources to do so.

(c)            The Company shall have the authority to invest in Programs with Affiliates other than publicly registered Affiliates of the Company only if all of the following conditions are met: (i) the investment is necessary to relieve the Adviser from any commitment to purchase the assets entered into in compliance with Section 10.1 prior to the closing of the offering period of the Company; (ii) there are no duplicate fees to the Adviser or any of its affiliates; (iii) the investment of each entity is on substantially the same terms and conditions; (iv) the Company has a right of first refusal to buy if the Adviser wishes to sell assets held in the joint venture; and (v) any prospectus of the Company in use or proposed to be used when such an investment has been made or is contemplated discloses the potential risk of impasse on joint venture decisions.

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(d)            The Company may be structured to conduct operations through separate single-purpose entities managed by the Adviser (multi-tier arrangements); provided, that the terms of any such arrangements do not result in the circumvention of any of the requirements or prohibitions contained herein or under applicable federal or state securities laws. Any agreements regarding such arrangements shall accompany any prospectus of the Company, if such agreement is then available, and the terms of such agreement shall contain provisions assuring that all of the following restrictions apply: (i) there will be no duplication or increase in Organization and Offering Expenses, fees payable to the Adviser, program expenses or other fees and costs; (ii) there will be no substantive alteration in the fiduciary and contractual relationship between the Adviser, the Company and the Shareholders; and (iii) there will be no diminishment in the voting rights of the Shareholders.

(e)            Other than as specifically permitted in subsections (b), (c) and (d) above, the Company shall not invest in Programs with Affiliates.

(f)            Unless otherwise permitted by the 1940 Act or applicable guidance or exemptive relief of the SEC, the Company shall be permitted to invest in general partnership interests of limited partnership Programs only if the Company, alone or together with any publicly registered Affiliate of the Company meeting the requirements of subsection (b) above, acquires a “controlling interest” as defined in subsection (a) above, the Adviser and its affiliates are not entitled to any duplicate fees, no additional compensation beyond that permitted under applicable law is paid to the Adviser, and the limited partnership Program agreement or other applicable agreement complies with this Section 9.3(f).

Section 9.4             Other Goods or Services.

(a)            The Company may accept other goods or other services provided by the Adviser in connection with the operation of assets, provided that: (i) the Adviser determines such self-dealing arrangement is in the best interest of the Company; (ii) the terms pursuant to which all such goods or services are provided to the Company by the Adviser shall be embodied in a written contract, the material terms of which must be fully disclosed to the Shareholders in the prospectus; (iii) the written contract may only be modified by vote of a majority of then-outstanding Shares; and (iv) the contract shall contain a clause allowing termination without penalty on sixty (60) days’ prior notice. Without limitation to the foregoing, arrangements to provide such goods or other services must meet all of the following criteria: (X) the Adviser must be independently engaged in the business of providing such goods or services to persons other than its Affiliates and at least thirty-three percent (33%) of the Adviser’s associated gross revenues must come from persons other than its Affiliates; (Y) the compensation, price or fee charged for providing such goods or services must be comparable and competitive with the compensation, price or fee charged by persons other than the Adviser in the same geographic location who provide comparable goods or services which could reasonably be made available to the Company; and (Z) except in extraordinary circumstances, the compensation and other material terms of the arrangement must be fully disclosed to the Shareholders in the prospectus. Extraordinary circumstances are limited to instances when immediate action is required and the goods or services are not immediately available from persons other than the Adviser.

(b)            Notwithstanding the foregoing subsection (a)(X), if the Adviser is not engaged in the business to the extent required by such clause, the Adviser may provide to the Company other goods or other services if all of the following additional conditions are met: (i) the Adviser can demonstrate the capacity and capability to provide such goods or services on a competitive basis; (ii) the goods or services are provided at the lesser of cost or the competitive rate charged by persons other than the Adviser and its affiliates in the same geographic location who are in the business of providing comparable goods or services; (iii) the cost is limited to the reasonable necessary and actual expenses incurred by the Adviser on behalf of the Company in providing such goods or services, exclusive of expenses of the type which may not be reimbursed under applicable federal or state securities laws; and (iv) expenses are allocated in accordance with GAAP and are made subject to any special audit required by applicable federal or state securities laws.

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Section 9.5             Borrowing Money or Utilizing Leverage. The Trustees shall have the power to cause the Company to borrow money or otherwise obtain credit or utilize leverage to the maximum extent permitted by law or regulation as such may be needed from time to time and to secure the same by mortgaging, pledging or otherwise subjecting as security the assets of the Company, including the lending of portfolio securities, and to endorse, guarantee, or undertake the performance of any obligation, contract or engagement of any other person, firm, association or corporation. In addition and notwithstanding any other provision of this Declaration of Trust, the Company is hereby authorized to borrow funds, incur indebtedness and guarantee obligations of any Person, and in connection therewith, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the Trustees, on behalf of the Company, are hereby authorized to pledge, hypothecate, mortgage, assign, transfer or grant security interests in or other liens on (i) the Shareholders’ subscription agreements and the Shareholders’ obligations to make capital contributions thereunder and hereunder, and (ii) any other assets, rights or remedies of the Company or of the Trustees hereunder or under the subscription agreements, including without limitation, the right to issue capital call notices and to exercise remedies upon a default by a Shareholder in the payment of its capital contributions and the right to receive capital contributions and other payments, subject to the terms hereof and thereof. Notwithstanding any provision in this Declaration of Trust, (i) the Company may borrow funds, incur indebtedness and enter into guarantees together with one or more Persons on a joint and several basis or on any other basis that the Board of Trustees, in its sole discretion, determines is fair and reasonable to the Company, and (ii) in connection with any borrowing, indebtedness or guarantee by the Company, all capital contributions shall be payable to the account of the Company designated by the Board of Trustees, which may be pledged to any lender or other credit party of the Company. All rights granted to a lender pursuant to this Section 9.5 shall apply to its agents and its successors and permitted assigns.

Article X
Conflicts of Interest

Section 10.1           Sales and Leases to the Company. Unless otherwise permitted by the 1940 Act or applicable guidance or exemptive relief of the SEC, the Company shall not purchase or lease assets in which the Adviser or any Affiliate thereof has an interest unless all of the following conditions are met: (a) the transaction is fully disclosed to the Shareholders either in a prospectus or periodic report filed with the SEC or otherwise; and (b) the assets are sold or leased upon terms that are reasonable to the Company and at a price not to exceed the lesser of cost or fair market value as determined by an Independent Expert. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section 10.1, the Adviser may purchase assets in its own name (and assume loans in connection therewith) and temporarily hold title thereto, for the purposes of facilitating the acquisition of the assets, the borrowing of money, obtaining financing for the Company, or the completion of construction of the assets, provided that all of the following conditions are met: (i) the assets are purchased by the Company at a price no greater than the cost of the assets to the Adviser; (ii) all income generated by, and the expenses associated with, the assets so acquired shall be treated as belonging to the Company; and (iii) there are no other benefits arising out of such transaction to the Adviser.

Section 10.2           Sales and Leases to the Adviser, Trustees or Affiliates. Unless otherwise permitted by the 1940 Act or applicable guidance or exemptive relief of the SEC, the Company shall not sell assets to the Adviser or any Affiliate thereof unless such sale is duly approved by the holders of more than fifty percent (50%) of the outstanding voting securities of the Company. The Company shall not lease assets to the Adviser or any Trustee or Affiliate thereof unless all of the following conditions are met: (i) the transaction is fully disclosed to the Shareholders either in a periodic report filed with the SEC or otherwise; and (ii) the terms of the transaction are fair and reasonable to the Company.

Section 10.3           Loans. Unless otherwise permitted by the 1940 Act or applicable guidance or exemptive relief of the SEC and except for the advancement of funds pursuant to Sections 7.3 and 7.4, no loans, credit facilities, credit agreements or otherwise shall be made by the Company to the Adviser or any Affiliate thereof.

Section 10.4           Commissions on Financing, Refinancing or Reinvestment. Unless otherwise permitted by the 1940 Act or applicable guidance or exemptive relief of the SEC, the Company shall not pay, directly or indirectly, a commission or fee to the Adviser or any Affiliate thereof (except as otherwise specified in this Article X) in connection with the reinvestment of cash available for distribution and available reserves or of the proceeds of the resale, exchange or refinancing of assets.

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Section 10.5           Rebates, Kickbacks and Reciprocal Arrangements

. The Company shall cause the Adviser to agree that it shall not receive or accept any rebate or give-ups or similar arrangement that is prohibited under applicable federal or state securities laws. The Company shall cause the Adviser to agree that it shall not participate in any reciprocal business arrangement that would circumvent provisions of applicable federal or state securities laws governing conflicts of interest or investment restrictions, or enter into any agreement, arrangement or understanding that would circumvent the restrictions against dealing with affiliates or promoters under applicable federal or state securities laws. The Company shall cause the Adviser to agree that it shall not directly or indirectly pay or award any fees or commissions or other compensation to any Person engaged to sell Shares or give investment advice to a potential Shareholder; provided, however, that this Section 10.5 shall not prohibit the payment to a registered broker-dealer or other properly licensed agent of normal sales commissions or other compensation (including cash compensation and non-cash compensation (as such terms are defined under FINRA Rule 2310)) for selling or distributing Shares, including out of the Adviser’s own assets, including those amounts paid to the Adviser under the Investment Advisory and Management Agreement.

Section 10.6           Exchanges. The Company may not acquire assets in exchange for Shares of the Company without approval of a majority of the Board of Trustees, including a majority of the Independent Trustees with consideration to an independent appraisal of such assets.

Section 10.7           Other Transactions. Unless otherwise permitted by the 1940 Act or applicable guidance or exemptive relief of the SEC, the Company shall not engage in any other transaction with the Adviser or a Trustee or Affiliate thereof unless: (a) such transaction complies with all applicable law and (b) a majority of the Trustees (including a majority of the Independent Trustees) not otherwise interested in such transaction approve such transaction as fair and reasonable to the Company and on terms and conditions not less favorable to the Company than those available from non-Affiliated third parties.

Section 10.8           Lending Practices. On financings made available to the Company by the Adviser, the Adviser may not receive interest in excess of the lesser of the Adviser’s cost of funds or the amounts that would be charged by unrelated lending institutions on comparable loans for the same purpose. The Adviser shall not impose a prepayment charge or penalty in connection with such financings and the Adviser shall not receive points or other financing charges. The Adviser shall be prohibited from providing permanent financing for the Company. For purposes of this Section 10.8, “permanent financing” shall mean any financing with a term in excess of twelve (12) months.

Section 10.9           Commingling. The funds of the Company shall not be commingled with the funds of any other Person; provided, however, that nothing in this section shall prohibit the Adviser from establishing a master fiduciary account pursuant to which separate sub-trust accounts are established for the benefit of affiliated programs; and provided further that the prohibition of this Section 10.9 shall not apply to any investments meeting the requirements of Section 9.3.

Article XI
Shareholders

Section 11.1           Certain Voting Rights of Shareholders.

(a)            Subject to the provisions of any class or series of shares then outstanding and the mandatory provisions of any applicable laws or regulations and subject to the other provisions of this Declaration of Trust (including Section 6.2), the following actions may be taken by the Shareholders, without concurrence by the Board of Trustees, upon a vote by the holders of more than fifty percent (50%) of the outstanding Shares of the Company entitled to vote on the matters:

(i)            modify this Declaration of Trust in accordance with Article VI hereof;

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(ii)            remove the Adviser and appoint a new Adviser pursuant to the procedures in Section 8.4;

(iii)            sell all or substantially all of the Company’s assets other than in the ordinary course of the Company’s business; or

(iv)            notwithstanding Section 4.9, remove any Trustee with or without cause (provided the aggregate number of Trustees after such removal shall not be less than the minimum number required by Section 4.1).

(b)            Without the approval of Shareholders entitled to cast a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast on the matter, or such other approval as may be required under the mandatory provisions of any applicable laws or regulations, or other provisions of this Declaration of Trust, the Company shall not permit the Adviser to:

(i)            modify this Declaration of Trust except for amendments which do not adversely affect the rights of Shareholders;

(ii)            appoint a new Adviser (other than a sub-adviser pursuant to the terms of an Investment Advisory and Management Agreement and applicable law);

(iii)            sell all or substantially all of the Company’s assets other than in the ordinary course of the Company’s business or as otherwise permitted by law; or

(iv)            except as permitted under the Investment Advisory and Management Agreement, voluntarily withdraw as the Adviser unless such withdrawal would not affect the tax status of the Company and would not materially adversely affect the Shareholders.

Section 11.2      Voting Limitations on Shares Held by the Adviser, Trustees and Affiliates. With respect to shares owned by the Adviser, any Trustees, or any of their respective Affiliates, neither the Adviser, nor such Trustee(s), nor any of their Affiliates may vote or consent on matters submitted to the Shareholders regarding the removal of the Adviser, such Trustee(s) or any of their Affiliates or any transaction between the Company and any of them. In determining the requisite percentage in interest of shares necessary to approve a matter on which the Adviser, such Trustee(s) and any of their Affiliates may not vote or consent, any shares owned by any of them shall not be included.

Section 11.3      Right of Inspection.

(a)            Any Shareholder with any purpose reasonably related to the beneficial owner’s interest as a beneficial owner of the statutory trust (a “proper purpose”) may: (i) in person or by agent, on written request, inspect and copy at all reasonable times the books and records and ledger of the Company; (ii) present to any officer or resident agent of the Company a written request for a statement of its affairs; and (iii) in the event the Company does not maintain the original or a duplicate ledger at its principal office, present to any officer or resident agent of the Company a written request for the Shareholder List. As used in this Section 11.3, the term “Shareholder List” means an alphabetical list of names, addresses and business telephone numbers of the Shareholders of the Company along with the number of equity shares held by each of them.

(b)            A copy of the Shareholder List, requested in accordance with this Section, shall be mailed within ten (10) days of the request and shall be printed in alphabetical order, on white paper, and in readily readable type size (no smaller than 10 point font). The Shareholder List shall be updated at least quarterly to reflect changes in the information contained therein.

(c)            The Company may impose a reasonable charge for expenses incurred in reproduction pursuant to the Shareholder request. A holder of Common Shares may request a copy of the Shareholder List in connection with matters relating to Shareholders’ voting rights, the exercise of Shareholder rights under federal proxy laws or for any other proper and legitimate purpose. Each Shareholder who receives a copy of the Shareholder List shall keep such list confidential and shall sign a confidentiality agreement to the effect that such Shareholder will keep the Shareholder List confidential and share such list only with its employees, representatives or agents who agree in writing to maintain the confidentiality of the Shareholder List.

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(d)            If the Adviser or Trustees neglect or refuse to exhibit, produce or mail a copy of the Shareholder List as requested, the Adviser and the Trustees shall be liable to any Shareholder requesting the list for the costs, including attorneys’ fees, incurred by that Shareholder for compelling the production of the Shareholder List, and for actual damages suffered by any Shareholder by reason of such refusal or neglect. It shall be a defense that the actual purpose and reason for the requests for inspection or for a copy of the Shareholder List is to secure such list of Shareholders or other information for the purpose of selling such list or copies thereof, or of using the same for a commercial purpose other than in the interest of the applicant as a Shareholder relative to the affairs of the Company. The Company may require the Shareholder requesting the Shareholder List to represent that the list is not requested for a commercial purpose unrelated to the Shareholder’s interest in the Company. The remedies provided hereunder to Shareholders requesting copies of the Shareholder List are in addition, to and shall not in any way limit, other remedies available to Shareholders under federal law, or the laws of any state.

Section 11.4           Shareholder Reports.

(a)            The Trustees, including the Independent Trustees, shall take reasonable steps to ensure that the Company shall cause to be prepared and delivered or made available by any reasonable means, including an electronic medium, to each Shareholder as of a record date after the end of the fiscal year, within one hundred twenty (120) days after the end of the fiscal year to which it relates, an annual report for each fiscal year ending after the commencement of the Company’s initial public offering that shall include: (i) financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP that are audited and reported on by independent certified public accountants; (ii) a report of the activities of the Company during the period covered by the report; and (iii) where forecasts have been provided to the Shareholders, a table comparing the forecasts previously provided with the actual results during the period covered by the report; and (iv) a report setting forth distributions to Shareholders for the period covered thereby and separately identifying distributions from: (A) Cash Flow from operations during the period; (B) Cash Flow from operations during a prior period which have been held as reserves; (C) proceeds from disposition of assets of the Company; and (D) reserves from the gross proceeds of the offering. Such annual report must also contain a breakdown of the costs reimbursed to the Adviser in accordance with the Omnibus Guidelines.

(b)            The Trustees, including the Independent Trustees, shall take reasonable steps to ensure that the Company shall cause to be prepared and filed, as well as delivered or made available to Shareholders, within sixty (60) days after the end of each fiscal quarter of the Company, a Form 10-Q if required under the Exchange Act.

(c)            The Trustees, including the Independent Trustees, shall take reasonable steps to ensure that the Company shall cause to be prepared and delivered or made available within seventy-five (75) days after the end of each fiscal year of the Company to each Person who was at any time during such fiscal year a Shareholder all information necessary for the preparation of the Shareholders’ federal income tax returns.

(d)            If capital stock has been purchased on a deferred payment basis, on which there remains an unpaid balance during any period covered by any report required by subsections (a) and (b) above; then such report shall contain a detailed statement of the status of all deferred payments, actions taken by the Company in response to any defaults, and a discussion and analysis of the impact on capital requirements of the Company.

(e)            The Board of Trustees shall cause the Company, upon request from any state official or agency or official administering the securities laws of such state (a “State Administrator”), to submit to such State Administrator the reports and statements required to be distributed to Shareholders pursuant to this Section 11.4.

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Section 11.5           Suitability of Shareholders.

(a)            Investor Suitability Standards. During any public offering of its Shares and until the earlier of a Liquidity Event or the date the Company is no longer subject to the Omnibus Guidelines, the Company and those selling shares on its behalf shall, with respect to share offers and sales in which they are broker of record, assure that such shares are offered and sold only to prospective investors who, in each case, meet the income and Net Worth “Suitability Standards” as specified in the Company’s prospectus for the Shares (as the same may be amended or supplemented from time to time) and the Omnibus Guidelines.

(b)            The Sponsor or each Person selling Common Shares on behalf of the Company shall make every reasonable effort to make this determination on the basis of information it has obtained from a prospective Shareholder. Relevant information for this purpose will include at least the age, investment objectives, investment experience, income, net worth, financial situation and other investments of the prospective Shareholder, as well as any other pertinent factors.

(c)            The Sponsor or each Person selling Common Shares on behalf of the Company shall maintain records of the information used to determine that an investment in Common Shares is suitable and appropriate for a Shareholder. The Sponsor or each Person selling Common Shares on behalf of the Company shall maintain these records for at least six years.

Article XII
Roll-Up Transactions

Section 12.1      Roll-Up Transactions. In connection with any proposed Roll-Up Transaction, an appraisal of all of the Company’s assets shall be obtained from a competent Independent Expert. The Company’s assets shall be appraised on a consistent basis, and the appraisal shall be based on the evaluation of all relevant information and shall indicate the value of the assets as of a date immediately prior to the announcement of the proposed Roll-Up Transaction. The appraisal shall assume an orderly liquidation of the assets over a twelve-month period. The terms of the engagement of the Independent Expert shall clearly state that the engagement is for the benefit of the Company and the Shareholders. A summary of the appraisal, indicating all material assumptions underlying the appraisal, shall be included in a report to Shareholders in connection with a proposed Roll-Up Transaction. If the fairness opinion, with respect to the appraisal, will be included in a Prospectus used to offer the securities of a Roll-Up Entity, such fairness opinion shall be filed with the Securities and Exchanges Commission and the State Securities Administrator as an exhibit to the Registration Statement for the offering. Accordingly, an issuer using the fairness opinion shall be subject to liability for violation of Section 11 of the Securities Act of 1933 and comparable provisions under State law for any material misrepresentation or material omissions in the fairness opinion. In connection with a proposed Roll-Up Transaction, the Person sponsoring the Roll-Up Transaction shall offer to Shareholders who vote against the proposed Roll-Up Transaction the choice of:

(a)            accepting the securities of a Roll-Up Entity offered in the proposed Roll-Up Transaction; or

(b)            one of the following:

(i)            remaining as Shareholders and preserving their interests therein on the same terms and conditions as existed previously; or

(ii)            receiving cash in an amount equal to the Shareholder’s pro rata share of the appraised value of the net assets of the Company. The Company is prohibited from participating in any proposed Roll-Up Transaction:

(A)            that would result in the Shareholders having voting rights in a Roll-Up Entity that are less than the voting rights provided for in Sections 11.1, 11.2 and 13.3 hereof or Section 3(b) of Article II of our Bylaws;

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(B)            that includes provisions that would operate as a material impediment to, or frustration of, the accumulation of capital stock by any purchaser of the securities of the Roll-Up Entity (except to the minimum extent necessary to preserve the tax status of the Roll-Up Entity), or which would limit the ability of an investor to exercise the voting rights of its securities of the Roll-Up Entity on the basis of the capital stock held by that investor;

(C)            in which investor’s rights to access of records of the Roll-Up Entity will be less than those described in Section 11.3 hereof; or

(D)            in which any of the costs of the Roll-Up Transaction would be borne by the Company if the Roll-Up Transaction is rejected by the Shareholders.

Article XIII
DURATION OF THE COMPANY

Section 13.1           Duration of the Company. The Company shall continue perpetually unless terminated pursuant to the provisions contained herein or pursuant to any applicable provision of the Statutory Trust Act.

Section 13.2          Dissolution by the Trustees. The Company may be dissolved at any time upon affirmative vote by a majority of the Trustees. Shareholders of the Company shall not be entitled to vote on the dissolution or plan of liquidation of the Trust under this Article XIII except to the extent required by the 1940 Act.

Section 13.3           Dissolution by Shareholder Vote. The Company may be dissolved at any time, without the necessity for concurrence by the Board, upon affirmative vote by the holders of more than fifty percent (50%) of the outstanding Shares entitled to vote on the matter.

Section 13.4           Liquidation. Upon dissolution of the Company, the Board of Trustees shall cause the Company to liquidate and wind-up in a manner consistent with Section 3808 of the Statutory Trust Act, including the distribution to the Shareholders of any assets of the Company. Upon dissolution and the completion of the winding up of the affairs of the Company, the Company shall be terminated by the executing and filing, with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, by one or more Trustees, of a certificate of cancellation of the certificate of trust of the Company.

Section 13.5           Merger or Other Reorganization of the Company. Except for mergers or other reorganization of the Company permissible under Section 4.10, the Company may not permit the Adviser or its Affiliates to cause the merger or other reorganization of the Company without the affirmative vote by the holders of more than fifty percent (50%) of the outstanding Shares of the Company entitled to vote on the matter.

Article XIV
Miscellaneous

Section 14.1           Construction and Governing Law.

(a)            This Declaration of Trust and the Bylaws, in combination, shall constitute the governing instrument of the Company, however to the extent that any provision of the Bylaws conflicts with this Declaration of Trust, the terms of this Declaration of Trust shall control. This Declaration of Trust and the Bylaws, and the rights and obligations of the Trustees and Shareholders hereunder, shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with the Statutory Trust Act and the laws of the State of Delaware.

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(b)            To the fullest extent permitted by law, the Shareholders and the Trustees of the Company shall be deemed to have waived any non-mandatory rights of beneficial owners or trustees under the Statutory Trust Act or general trust law, and the Company, the Shareholders, and the Trustees (including the Delaware Trustee) shall not be subject to any applicable provisions of law pertaining to trusts that, in a manner inconsistent with the express terms of this Declaration of Trust or Bylaws, relate to or regulate (i) the filing with any court or governmental body or agency of trustee accounts or schedules of trustee fees and charges, (ii) affirmative requirements to post bonds for trustees, officers, agents or employees of a trust, (iii) the necessity for obtaining court or other governmental approval concerning the acquisition, holding or disposition of real or personal property, (iv) fees or other sums payable to trustees, officers, agents or employees of a trust, (v) the allocation of receipts and expenditures to income or principal, (vi) restrictions or limitations on the permissible nature, amount or concentration of trust investments or requirements relating to the titling, storage or other manner of holding or investing trust assets, or (vii) the establishment of fiduciary or other standards or responsibilities or limitations on the acts or powers of trustees, which are inconsistent with the limitations or liabilities or authorities and powers of Trustees as set forth or referenced in this Declaration of Trust.

 

(c)            Sections 3540 and 3561 of Title 12 of the Statutory Trust Act shall not apply to the Company.

Section 14.2           Conflicts of Law. To the extent that any provision of the Statutory Trust Act or any provision of this Declaration of Trust or Bylaws conflicts with any provision of the 1940 Act, the applicable provision of the 1940 Act shall control; provided, however, that such conflict shall not affect any of the remaining provisions of this Declaration of Trust or the Bylaws or render invalid or improper any action taken or omitted prior to such determination. If any provision of this Declaration of Trust or the Bylaws shall be held invalid or unenforceable in any jurisdiction, the invalidity or unenforceability shall attach only to such provision in such jurisdiction and shall not in any manner affect such provision in any other jurisdiction or any other provision of this Declaration of Trust in any jurisdiction.

Section 14.3           Derivative Actions.

(a)            No person, other than a Trustee, who is not a Shareholder shall be entitled to bring any derivative action, suit or other proceeding on behalf of the Company. No Shareholder may maintain a derivative action on behalf of the Company unless holders of at least ten percent (10%) of the outstanding Shares join in the bringing of such action. The immediately preceding sentence shall not apply to claims arising under federal or state securities laws.

(b)            In addition to the requirements set forth in Section 3816 of the Statutory Trust Act, a Shareholder may bring a derivative action on behalf of the Company only if the following conditions are met: (i) the Shareholder or Shareholders must make a pre-suit demand upon the Trustees to bring the subject action unless an effort to cause the Trustees to bring such an action is not likely to succeed; and a demand on the Trustees shall only be deemed not likely to succeed and therefore excused if a majority of the Trustees, or a majority of any committee established to consider the merits of such action, is composed of Trustees who are not “independent trustees” (as that term is defined in the Statutory Trust Act); and (ii) unless a demand is not required under clause (i) of this paragraph, the Trustees must be afforded a reasonable amount of time to consider such Shareholder request and to investigate the basis of such claim; and the Trustees shall be entitled to retain counsel or other advisors in considering the merits of the request and, except for claims arising under federal or state securities laws, may require an undertaking by the Shareholders making such request to reimburse the Company for the expense of any such advisors in the event that the Trustees determine not to bring such action. Clause (b)(i) of this paragraph shall not apply to claims arising under federal or state securities laws.

Section 14.4           Direct Actions.

(a)            To the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law, the Shareholders’ right to bring direct actions against the Company and/or its Trustees is eliminated, except for a direct action to enforce an individual Shareholder right to vote or a direct action to enforce an individual Shareholder’s rights under Sections 3805(e) or 3819 of the Statutory Trust Act.

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(b)            To the extent such right cannot be eliminated to this extent as a matter of Delaware law, then in addition to the requirements set forth in Section 3816 of the Statutory Trust Act a Shareholder may bring a direct action against the Company and/or its Trustees only if the following conditions are met: (i) the Shareholder or Shareholders must make a pre-suit demand upon the Trustees to bring the subject action unless an effort to cause the Trustees to bring such an action is not likely to succeed; and a demand on the Trustees shall only be deemed not likely to succeed and therefore excused if a majority of the Trustees, or a majority of any committee established to consider the merits of such action, is composed of Trustees who are not “independent trustees” (as that term is defined in the Statutory Trust Act); and (ii) unless a demand is not required under clause (i) of this paragraph, the Trustees must be afforded a reasonable amount of time to consider such Shareholder request and to investigate the basis of such claim; and the Trustees shall be entitled to retain counsel or other advisors in considering the merits of the request and, except for claims arising under federal securities laws, may require an undertaking by the Shareholders making such request to reimburse the Company for the expense of any such advisors in the event that the Trustees determine not to bring such action. Clause (b)(i) of this paragraph shall not apply to claims arising under federal or state securities laws.

Section 14.5           Exclusive Delaware Jurisdiction. Each Trustee, each officer, each Shareholder and each Person beneficially owning an interest in a share of the Company (whether through a broker, dealer, bank, trust company or clearing corporation or an agent of any of the foregoing or otherwise), to the fullest extent permitted by law, including Section 3804(e) of the Statutory Trust Act, (i) irrevocably agrees that any claims, suits, actions or proceedings arising out of or relating in any way to the Company or its business and affairs, the Statutory Trust Act, this Declaration of Trust or the Bylaws or asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs (or similar) doctrine (including, without limitation, any claims, suits, actions or proceedings to interpret, apply or enforce (A) the provisions of this Declaration of Trust or the Bylaws, or (B) the duties (including fiduciary duties), obligations or liabilities of the Company to the Shareholders or the Trustees, or of officers or the Trustees to the Company, to the Shareholders or each other, or (C) the rights or powers of, or restrictions on, the Company, the officers, the Trustees or the Shareholders, or (D) any provision of the Statutory Trust Act or other laws of the State of Delaware pertaining to trusts made applicable to the Company pursuant to Section 3809 of the Statutory Trust Act, or (E) any other instrument, document, agreement or certificate contemplated by any provision of the Statutory Trust Act, this Declaration of Trust or the Bylaws relating in any way to the Company or (F) the federal securities laws of the United States, including, without limitation, the 1940 Act, or the securities or antifraud laws of any international, national, state, provincial, territorial, local or other governmental or regulatory authority, including, in each case, the applicable rules and regulations promulgated thereunder (regardless, in every case, of whether such claims, suits, actions or proceedings (x) sound in contract, tort, fraud or otherwise, (y) are based on common law, statutory, equitable, legal or other grounds, or (z) are derivative or direct claims)), shall be exclusively brought in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware or, if such court does not have subject matter jurisdiction thereof, any other court in the State of Delaware with subject matter jurisdiction, (ii) irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of such courts in connection with any such claim, suit, action or proceeding, (iii) irrevocably agrees not to, and waives any right to, assert in any such claim, suit, action or proceeding that (A) it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of such courts or any other court to which proceedings in such courts may be appealed, (B) such claim, suit, action or proceeding is brought in an inconvenient forum, or (C) the venue of such claim, suit, action or proceeding is improper, (iv) consents to process being served in any such claim, suit, action or proceeding by mailing, certified mail, return receipt requested, a copy thereof to such party at the address in effect for notices hereunder, and agrees that such service shall constitute good and sufficient service of process and notice thereof; provided, nothing in clause (iv) hereof shall affect or limit any right to serve process in any other manner permitted by law, and (v) irrevocably waives any and all right to trial by jury in any such claim, suit, action or proceeding. In the event that any claim, suit, action or proceeding is commenced outside of the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware in contravention of this Section 14.5, all reasonable and documented out of pocket fees, costs and expenses, including reasonable attorneys’ fees and court costs, incurred by the prevailing party in such claim, suit, action or proceeding shall be reimbursed by the non-prevailing party. This Section 14.5 shall not apply to any claims brought under federal securities law or the rules and regulations thereunder.

Section 14.6           Agreement to be Bound. EVERY PERSON, BY VIRTUE OF HAVING BECOME A SHAREHOLDER IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE TERMS OF THIS DECLARATION OF TRUST AND THE BYLAWS, AS AMENDED FROM TIME TO TIME, SHALL BE DEEMED TO HAVE EXPRESSLY ASSENTED AND AGREED TO THE TERMS OF, AND SHALL BE BOUND BY, THIS DECLARATION OF TRUST AND THE BYLAWS.

Section 14.7           Delivery by Electronic Transmission or Otherwise; Virtual Meetings. Any notice, proxy, vote, consent, report, instrument or writing of any kind or any signature referenced in, or contemplated by, this Declaration of Trust or the Bylaws may, in the sole discretion of the Trustees, be given, granted or otherwise delivered by electronic transmission (within the meaning of the Statutory Trust Act), including via the internet, or in any other manner permitted by applicable law. In furtherance thereof, any meetings of the Trustees or Shareholders may be held by means of conference telephone or other communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and participation in a such meeting shall constitute presence in person at the meeting; provided, however, this Section 14.7 does not apply to any action of the Trustees pursuant to the 1940 Act, that requires the vote of the Trustees to be cast in person at a meeting.

[Remainder of page intentionally left blank]

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have caused this Declaration of Trust to be executed as of the day and year first above written.

  /s/ Sandra R. Anceleitz
  Sandra R. Anceleitz, as Trustee
 
  /s/ Ann Torre Bates
  Ann Torre Bates, as Trustee
 
  /s/ R. Kipp deVeer
  R. Kipp deVeer, as Trustee
 
  /s/ Mitchell Goldstein
  Mitchell Goldstein, as Trustee
 
  /s/ Steven B. McKeever
  Steven B. McKeever, as Trustee
 
  /s/ Michael L. Smith
  Michael L. Smith, as Trustee
 
  /s/ Eric B. Siegel
  Eric B. Siegel, as Trustee

[Signature Page to Third Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust]

  

 

 

 

United Agent Group Inc.,

as Delaware Trustee

   
By:/s/ Michael Reinhold
  Name: Michael Reinhold
  Title: Special Secretary

[Signature Page to Third Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust]

  

 

 

Exhibit (b)

 

ARES STRATEGIC INCOME FUND

 

FIRST AMENDED AND RESTATED BYLAWS

 

Article I
OFFICES

 

Section 1.1             PRINCIPAL OFFICE. The principal office of Ares Strategic Income Fund (the “Company”) in the State of Delaware shall be located at such place as the Board of Trustees of the Company (the “Trustees” or the “Board”) may designate from time to time.

 

Section 1.2             ADDITIONAL OFFICES. The principal executive office of the Company is at 245 Park Avenue, 44th Floor, New York, New York 10167. The Company may have additional offices at such places as the Board may from time to time determine or the business of the Company may require.

 

Article II
MEETINGS OF SHAREHOLDERS

 

Section 2.1             PLACE. All meetings of shareholders shall be held at the principal executive office of the Company or at such other place or by virtual meeting as shall be set by the Board and stated in the notice of the meeting.

 

Section 2.2             ANNUAL MEETING. An annual meeting of shareholders shall not be required in any year in which the election of Trustees is not required to be held under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended from time to time, and the rules promulgated thereunder (the “1940 Act”). The failure to hold an annual meeting shall not invalidate the Company’s existence or affect any otherwise valid corporate act of the Company.

 

Section 2.3             SPECIAL MEETINGS.

 

(a)            General. A majority of the Independent Trustees (for purposes of these Bylaws, as such term is defined in the Second Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust) or the Chief Executive Officer may call a special meeting of the Shareholders.

 

Section 2.4             NOTICE OF MEETINGS.

 

(a)            Method of Delivery; Minimum Contents; Waiver. Written or printed notice of the purpose or purposes, in the case of a special meeting, and of the time and place of every meeting of the shareholders shall be given by the secretary of the Company to each shareholder of record entitled to vote at the meeting and to each other shareholder entitled to notice of the meeting, by: (i) presenting the notice to such shareholder personally, (ii) placing the notice in the mail, (iii) delivering the notice by overnight delivery service, (iv) transmitting the notice by electronic mail or any other electronic means, or (v) any other means permitted by Delaware law, at least ten (10) days, but not more than ninety (90) days, prior to the date designated for the meeting, addressed to each shareholder at such shareholder’s address appearing on the records of the Company or supplied by the shareholder to the Company for the purpose of notice. The notice shall state the time and place of the meeting and, in the case of a special meeting or as otherwise may be required by statute or these Bylaws, the purpose for which the meeting is called. The notice of any meeting of shareholders may be accompanied by a form of proxy approved by the Board in favor of the actions or persons as the Board may select. Notice of any meeting of shareholders shall be deemed waived by any shareholder who attends the meeting in person or by proxy or who before or after the meeting submits a signed waiver of notice that is filed with the records of the meeting.

 

  

 

 

(b)            Scope of Notice. Except as provided in Article II, Section 11, any business of the Company may be transacted at an annual meeting of shareholders without being specifically designated in the notice of such meeting, except such business as is required by any statute to be stated in such notice. No business shall be transacted at a special meeting of shareholders except as specifically designated in the notice of such meeting.

 

Section 2.5             ORGANIZATION AND CONDUCT. Every meeting of shareholders shall be conducted by an individual appointed by the Board to be chairperson of the meeting or, in the absence of such appointment, by the chairperson of the Board, if any, or, in the case of a vacancy in the office or absence of the chairperson of the Board, by one of the following officers present at the meeting: the chief executive officer, the president, if any, any vice president, the secretary, the treasurer or, in the absence of such officers, a chairperson chosen by the shareholders by the vote of a majority of the votes cast by shareholders present in person or by proxy. The secretary or, in the secretary’s absence, an assistant secretary or, in the absence of both the secretary and assistant secretaries, an individual appointed by the Board or, in the absence of such appointment, an individual appointed by the chairperson of the meeting shall act as secretary. In the event that the secretary presides at a meeting of the shareholders, an assistant secretary, or, in the absence of assistant secretaries, an individual appointed by the Board or the chairperson of the meeting, shall record the minutes of the meeting. The order of business and all other matters of procedure at any meeting of shareholders shall be determined by the chairperson of the meeting. The chairperson of the meeting may prescribe such rules, regulations and procedures and take such action as, in the discretion of such chairperson, are appropriate for the proper conduct of the meeting, including, without limitation, (a) restricting admission to the time set for the commencement of the meeting; (b) limiting attendance at the meeting to shareholders of record of the Company, their duly authorized proxies or other such individuals as the chairperson of the meeting may determine; (c) limiting participation at the meeting on any matter to shareholders of record of the Company entitled to vote on such matter, their duly authorized proxies or other such individuals as the chairperson of the meeting may determine; (d) limiting the time allotted to questions or comments by participants; (e) maintaining order and security at the meeting; (f) removing any shareholder or any other individual who refuses to comply with meeting procedures, rules or guidelines as set forth by the chairperson of the meeting; and (g) recessing or adjourning the meeting to a later date and time and place announced at the meeting. Unless otherwise determined by the chairperson of the meeting, meetings of shareholders shall not be required to be held in accordance with the rules of parliamentary procedure.

 

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Section 2.6             QUORUM. At any meeting of shareholders, the presence in person or by proxy of the shareholders of the Company holding one third of the outstanding shares of the Company (without regard to class or series) shall constitute a quorum, except with respect to any such matter that, under applicable statutes or regulatory requirements, requires approval by a separate vote of one or more classes of capital shares of the Company, in which case the presence in person or by proxy of the holders of shares of the Company’s capital shares holding one third of the outstanding shares of such class shall constitute a quorum. This Section 6 shall not affect any requirement under any applicable law, any other provisions of these Bylaws or the Second Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust of the Company, as further amended or restated from time to time (the “Declaration of Trust”), for the vote necessary for the adoption of any measure. If such quorum shall not be present at any meeting of the shareholders, then the chairperson of the meeting or the shareholders entitled to vote at such meeting, present in person or by proxy, shall have the power to adjourn the meeting to a date not more than one hundred twenty (120) days after the original record date without further notice other than announcement at the meeting. At such adjourned meeting at which a quorum shall be present, any business may be transacted which might have been transacted at the meeting as originally notified.

 

Section 2.7             VOTING. A plurality of all votes cast at a meeting of shareholders duly called and at which a quorum is present shall be sufficient to elect a Trustee, provided that, in the case where the number of nominees for the trusteeships (or, if applicable, the trusteeships of a particular class of trustees) exceeds the number of such trustees to be elected (a “Contested Election”), a majority of all votes cast shall be required to elect such nominee, provided that if a sufficient number of votes to elect a trustee is not cast in such Contested Election, the incumbent Trustee, if any, shall retain their position. Each share may be voted for as many individuals as there are Trustees to be elected and for whose election the share is entitled to be voted. A majority of the votes cast at a meeting of shareholders duly called and at which a quorum is present shall be sufficient to approve any other matter which may properly come before the meeting, unless more than a majority of the votes cast is required by the 1940 Act or other applicable law, the Declaration of Trust or Article III of these Bylaws. Unless otherwise provided in the Declaration of Trust, each outstanding share owned of record on the applicable record date, regardless of class, shall be entitled to one vote on each matter submitted to a vote at a meeting of shareholders.

 

Section 2.8             PROXIES. A shareholder may vote the shares owned of record by the shareholder, either in person or by proxy executed in writing by the shareholder or by the shareholder’s duly authorized agent as permitted by law. Such proxy shall be filed with the secretary of the Company before or at the meeting.

 

Section 2.9             VOTING OF SHARES BY CERTAIN HOLDERS. Shares of the Company registered in the name of a corporation, partnership, trust or other entity, if entitled to be voted, may be voted by the president or a vice president, a general partner or trustee thereof, as the case may be, or a proxy appointed by any of the foregoing individuals, unless some other person who has been appointed to vote such share pursuant to a bylaw or a resolution of the governing body of such corporation or other entity or agreement of the partners of a partnership presents a certified copy of such bylaw, resolution or agreement, in which case such person may vote such share. Any fiduciary may vote shares registered in his or her name as such fiduciary, either in person or by proxy.

 

Shares of the Company directly owned by it or its subsidiaries shall not be voted at any meeting and shall not be counted in determining the total number of outstanding shares entitled to be voted at any given time, unless they are held by it in a fiduciary capacity, in which case they may be voted and shall be counted in determining the total number of outstanding shares at any given time.

 

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The Board may adopt by resolution a procedure by which a shareholder may certify in writing to the Company that any shares registered in the name of the shareholder are held for the account of a specified person other than the shareholder. The resolution shall set forth the class of shareholders who may make the certification, the purpose for which the certification may be made, the form of certification and the information to be contained in it; if the certification is with respect to a record date or closing of the shares transfer books, the time after the record date or closing of the shares transfer books within which the certification must be received by the Company; and any other provisions with respect to the procedure which the Board considers necessary or desirable. On receipt of such certification, the person specified in the certification shall be regarded as, for the purposes set forth in the certification, the shareholder of record of the specified shares in place of the shareholder who makes the certification.

 

Section 2.10           INSPECTORS. The Board in advance of any meeting of shareholders, or the chairperson of the meeting at any meeting of shareholders, may, but need not, appoint one or more individual inspectors or one or more entities that designate individuals as inspectors to act at the meeting or any adjournment thereof. In case any person who may be appointed as an inspector fails to appear or act, the vacancy may be filled by appointment made by the Board in advance of the meeting or at the meeting by the chairperson of the meeting. The inspectors, if any, shall determine the number of shares outstanding and the voting power of each, the shares represented at the meeting, the existence of a quorum, as defined in this Article II, the validity and effect of proxies, and shall receive votes, ballots or consents, hear and determine all challenges and questions arising in connection with the right to vote, count and tabulate all votes, ballots or consents, and determine the result, and do such acts as are proper to conduct the election or vote with fairness to all shareholders. Each such report of an inspector shall be in writing and signed by him or her or by a majority of them if there is more than one inspector acting at such meeting. If there is more than one inspector, the report of a majority shall be the report of the inspectors. The report of the inspector or inspectors on the number of shares represented at the meeting and the results of the voting shall be prima facie evidence thereof.

 

Section 2.11           ADVANCE NOTICE OF SHAREHOLDER NOMINEES FOR TRUSTEES AND OTHER SHAREHOLDER PROPOSALS.

 

(a)            Annual Meetings of Shareholders. To the extent that the Company shall hold an annual meeting of its shareholders:

 

(i)            Nominations of individuals for election to the Board and the proposal of other business to be considered by the shareholders may be made at an annual meeting of shareholders (i) pursuant to the Company’s notice of meeting, (ii) by or at the direction of the Board or (iii) by any shareholder of the Company who was a shareholder of record both at the time of giving of notice provided for in this Section 11(a) and at the time of the annual meeting, who is entitled to vote at the meeting and who has complied with this Section 11(a).

 

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(ii)            For nominations of individuals for election to the Board or other business to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a shareholder pursuant to clause (iii) of subsection (a)(1) of this Section 11, the shareholder must have given timely notice thereof in writing to the secretary of the Company and such other business must otherwise be a proper matter for action by the shareholders. To be timely, a shareholder’s notice shall set forth all information required under this Section 11 and shall be delivered to the secretary at the principal executive office of the Company not less than one hundred twenty (120) days nor more than one hundred fifty (150) days prior to the first anniversary of the date of mailing of the notice for the preceding year’s annual meeting; provided, however, that in the event that the date of the mailing of the notice for the annual meeting is advanced or delayed by more than thirty (30) days from the first anniversary of the date of mailing of the notice for the preceding year’s annual meeting, notice by the shareholder to be timely must be so delivered not earlier than the close of business on the one hundred fiftieth (150th) day prior to the date of mailing of the notice for such annual meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of the one hundred twentieth (120th) day prior to the date of mailing of the notice for such annual meeting or the tenth (10th) day following the day on which public announcement of the date of mailing of the notice for such meeting is first made. In no event shall the public announcement of a postponement or adjournment of an annual meeting commence a new time period for the giving of a shareholder’s notice as described above. Such shareholder’s notice shall set forth: (i) as to each individual whom the shareholder proposes to nominate for election or reelection as a Trustee, all information relating to such person that is required to be disclosed in solicitations of proxies for election of Trustees, or is otherwise required, in each case pursuant to Regulation 14A (or any successor regulations) under the Exchange Act (including such person’s written consent to being named in the proxy statement as a nominee and to serving as a Trustee if elected ) and whether such shareholder believes any such individual is, or is not, an Interested Person (as such term is defined in the Declaration of Trust) of the Company and information regarding such individual that is sufficient, in the discretion of the Board or any committee thereof or any authorized officer of the Company, to make such determination: (ii) as to any other business that the shareholder proposes to bring before the meeting, a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the meeting, the reasons for conducting such business at the meeting and any material interest in such business of such shareholder or any Shareholder Associated Person (as defined below) and of the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the proposal is made; and (iii) as to the shareholder giving the notice, any Shareholder Associated Person and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination or proposal is made, the name and address of such shareholder, as they appear on the Company’s books, of any Shareholder Associated Person and of such beneficial owner and the class and number of shares of the Company which are owned beneficially and of record by such shareholder, Shareholder Associated Person and such beneficial owner.

 

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(iii)            Notwithstanding anything in the second sentence of Section 11(a)(2) to the contrary, in the event that the number of Trustees to be elected to the Board is increased and there is no public announcement naming all of the nominees for Trustee or specifying the size of the increased Board made by the Company at least one hundred thirty (130) days prior to the first anniversary of the preceding year’s annual meeting, a shareholder’s notice required by this Section 11(a) shall also be considered timely, but only with respect to nominees for any new positions created by such increase, if it shall be delivered to the secretary at the principal executive offices of the Company not later than the close of business on the tenth (10th) day following the day on which such public announcement is first made by the Company.

 

(iv)            For purposes of this Section 11, “Shareholder Associated Person” of any shareholder shall mean (i) any person controlling, directly or indirectly, or acting in concert with, such shareholder, (ii) any beneficial owner (as defined in the Declaration of Trust) of shares of the Company owned of record or beneficially by such shareholder and (iii) any person controlling, controlled by or under common control with such Shareholder Associated Person. For purposes of this Section 11, “control” shall have the meaning ascribed to it in Section 2 of the 1940 Act.

 

(b)            Special Meetings of Shareholders. Only such business shall be conducted at a special meeting of shareholders as shall have been brought before the meeting pursuant to the Company’s notice of meeting. Nominations of individuals for election to the Board may be made at a special meeting of shareholders at which Trustees are to be elected (i) pursuant to the Company’s notice of meeting, (ii) by or at the direction of the Board or (iii) provided that the Board has determined that Trustees shall be elected at such special meeting, by any shareholder of the Company who is a shareholder of record both at the time of giving of notice provided for in this Section 11 and at the time of the special meeting, who is entitled to vote at the meeting and who complied with the notice procedures set forth in this Section 11. In the event the Company calls a special meeting of shareholders for the purpose of electing one or more individuals to the Board, any such shareholder may nominate an individual or individuals (as the case may be) for election as a Trustee as specified in the Company’s notice of meeting, if the shareholder’s notice required by subsection (a)(2) of this Section 11 shall be delivered to the secretary at the principal executive office of the Company not earlier than the one hundred fiftieth (150th) day prior to such special meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of the one hundred twentieth (120th) day prior to such special meeting or the tenth (10th) day following the day on which public announcement is first made of the date of the special meeting and of the nominees proposed by the Board to be elected at such meeting. In no event shall the public announcement of a postponement or adjournment of a special meeting commence a new time period for the giving of a shareholder’s notice as described above.

 

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(c)            General.

 

(i)            Upon written request by the secretary or the Board or any committee thereof, any shareholder proposing a nominee for election as a Trustee or any proposal for other business at a meeting of shareholders shall provide, within five (5) Business Days of delivery of such request (or such other period as may be specified in such request), written verification, satisfactory, in the discretion of the Board or any committee thereof or any authorized officer of the Company, to demonstrate the accuracy of any information submitted by the shareholder pursuant to this Section 11. If a shareholder fails to provide such written verification within such period, the information as to which written verification was requested may be deemed not to have been provided in accordance with this Section 11.

 

(ii)            Only such individuals who are nominated in accordance with this Section 11 shall be eligible for election as Trustees, and only such business shall be conducted at a meeting of shareholders as shall have been brought before the meeting in accordance with this Section 11. The chairperson of the meeting shall have the power to determine whether a nomination or any other business proposed to be brought before the meeting was made or proposed, as the case may be, in accordance with this Section 11.

 

(iii)            For purposes of this Section 11, (a) the “date of mailing of the notice” shall mean the date of the proxy statement for the solicitation of proxies for election of Trustees and (b) “public announcement” shall mean disclosure (i) in a press release reported by the Dow Jones News Service, Associated Press Business Wire, PR Newswire or comparable news service or (ii) in a document publicly filed by the Company with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) pursuant to the Exchange Act or the 1940 Act.

 

(iv)            Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 11, a shareholder shall also comply with all applicable requirements of state law and of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder with respect to the matters set forth in this Section 11. Nothing in this Section 11 shall be deemed to affect any right of a shareholder to request inclusion of a proposal in, nor the right of the Company to omit a proposal from, the Company’s proxy statement pursuant to Rule 14a-8 (or any successor provision) under the Exchange Act.

 

(v)            For purposes of these Bylaws, “Business Day” shall mean any day other than a Saturday, a Sunday or other day on which banking institutions in the State of New York are authorized or obligated by law or executive order to close.

 

(d)            Nothing in this Section 11 shall be deemed to affect any right of a shareholder to request inclusion of a proposal in, or the right of the Company to omit a proposal from, the Company’s proxy statement pursuant to Rule 14a-8 (or any successor provision) under the Exchange Act.

 

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Section 2.12           VOTING BY BALLOT. Voting on any question or in any election may be viva voce unless the presiding officer shall order or any shareholder shall demand that voting be by ballot.

 

Article III
TRUSTEES

 

Section 3.1             GENERAL POWERS. The business and affairs of the Company shall be managed under the direction of its Board. The Board may designate a chairperson of the Board, who may also be an officer of the Company, and who will have such powers and duties as determined by the Board from time to time.

 

Section 3.2             NUMBER, TENURE AND QUALIFICATIONS. At any regular meeting or at any special meeting called for that purpose, a majority of the entire Board may establish, increase or decrease the number of Trustees, provided that the number thereof shall never be fewer than one, and further provided that the tenure of office of a Trustee shall not be affected by any decrease in the number of Trustees. A majority of Trustees shall be Independent Trustees.

 

Section 3.3             ANNUAL AND REGULAR MEETINGS. An annual meeting of the Board shall be held immediately after and at the same place (including by virtual meeting) as the annual meeting of shareholders, if any, no notice other than this Bylaw being necessary. In the event such meeting is not so held, the meeting may be held at such time and place (including by virtual meeting) as shall be specified in a notice given as hereinafter provided for special meetings of the Board. Regular meetings of the Board shall be held from time to time (including by virtual meeting) at such places and times as provided by the Board by resolution, without notice other than such resolution.

 

Section 3.4             SPECIAL MEETINGS. A majority of the Independent Trustees or the chief executive officer may call a special meeting of the Shareholders. The person or persons authorized to call special meetings of the Board may fix any place (including by virtual meeting) as the place for holding any special meeting of the Board called by them. The Board may provide, by resolution, the time and place (including by virtual meeting) for the holding of special meetings of the Board, without notice other than such resolution.

 

Section 3.5             NOTICE. Meetings of the Trustees may be held without call or notice. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any meeting of the Board of Trustees need be stated in the notice or waiver of notice of such meeting, and no notice need be given of action proposed to be taken by unanimous written consent.

 

Section 3.6             QUORUM. Any time there is more than one Trustee, a quorum for all meetings of the Trustees shall be one-third, but not less than two, of the Trustees. Unless provided otherwise in the Declaration of Trust or these Bylaws and except as required under the 1940 Act, any action of the Trustees may be taken at a meeting by vote of a majority of the Trustees present (a quorum being present) or without a meeting by written consent of a majority of the Trustees. Any committee of the Trustees, including an executive committee, if any, may act with or without a meeting. A quorum for all meetings of any such committee shall be one-third, but not less than two, of the members thereof. Unless provided otherwise in the Declaration of Trust, any action of any such committee may be taken at a meeting by vote of a majority of the members present (a quorum being present) or without a meeting by written consent as provided in Section 10 of this Article III. With respect to actions of the Trustees and any committee of the Trustees, Trustees who are Interested Persons in any action to be taken may be counted for quorum purposes under this Section and shall be entitled to vote to the extent not prohibited by the 1940 Act. The Trustees present at a meeting which has been duly called and convened may continue to transact business until adjournment, notwithstanding the withdrawal of enough Trustees to leave less than a quorum.

 

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Section 3.7             VOTING. The action of the majority of the Trustees present at a meeting at which a quorum, as defined in Section 6 of this Article III, is present shall be the action of the Board, unless the concurrence of a greater proportion is required for such action by applicable statute or the Declaration of Trust. If enough Trustees have withdrawn from a meeting to leave less than a quorum, as defined in Section 6 of this Article III, but the meeting is not adjourned, the action of the majority of the Trustees still present at such meeting shall be the action of the Board, unless the concurrence of a greater proportion is required for such action by applicable statute or the Declaration of Trust.

 

Section 3.8             ORGANIZATION. At each meeting of the Board, the chairperson of the Board or, in the absence of the chairperson, the chief executive officer shall act as chairperson of the meeting. In the absence of both the chairperson and the chief executive officer, the president, if any, or in the absence of the president, a Trustee chosen by a majority of the Trustees present shall act as chairperson of the meeting. The secretary or, in his or her absence, an assistant secretary of the Company, or in the absence of the secretary and all assistant secretaries, a person appointed by the chairperson, shall act as secretary of the meeting.

 

Section 3.9             VIRTUAL MEETINGS. Any meetings of the Trustees or of any committee established by the Board pursuant to Article IV may be held by means of conference telephone or other communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and participation in such meeting shall constitute presence in person at the meeting; provided however, this Section 9 does not apply to any action of the Trustees pursuant to the 1940 Act, that requires the vote of the Trustees to be cast in person at a meeting.

 

Section 3.10           WRITTEN CONSENT BY TRUSTEES Any action which may be taken by Trustees by vote may be taken without a meeting if that number of the Trustees, or members of a committee, as the case may be, required for approval of such action at a meeting of the Trustees or of such committee consent to the action in writing and the written consents are filed with the records of the meetings of Trustees. Such consent shall be treated for all purposes as a vote taken at a meeting of Trustees; provided however, this Section 10 does not apply to any action of the Trustees pursuant to the 1940 Act that requires the vote of the Trustees to be cast in person at a meeting.

 

Section 3.11           VACANCIES. If for any reason any or all the Trustees cease to be Trustees, such event shall not terminate the Company or affect these Bylaws or the powers of the remaining Trustees hereunder, if any. Subject to applicable requirements of the 1940 Act, except as may be provided by the Board in setting the terms of any class or series of preferred shares, (a) any vacancy on the Board may be filled only by a majority of the remaining Trustees, even if the remaining Trustees do not constitute a quorum, as defined in Section 6 of this Article III, and (b) any Trustee elected to fill a vacancy shall serve for the remainder of the term of such Trustee causing the vacancy and until a successor is elected and qualified.

 

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Section 3.12           COMPENSATION. The Trustees shall have power to pay reasonable compensation from the funds of the Trust to themselves as Trustees. The Trustees shall fix the compensation (if any) of all officers of the Company, employees of the Company (if any) and the Trustees. The Trustees may pay themselves such compensation for special services, including legal, underwriting, syndicating and brokerage services, as they in good faith may deem reasonable and reimbursement for expenses reasonably incurred by themselves on behalf of the Trust.

 

Nothing herein contained shall be construed to preclude any Trustees from serving the Company in any other capacity and receiving compensation therefor.

 

Section 3.13           LOSS OF DEPOSITS. No Trustee shall be liable for any loss which may occur by reason of the failure of the bank, trust company, savings and loan association, or other institution with whom moneys or stock have been deposited.

 

Section 3.14           SURETY BONDS. Unless required by law, no Trustee shall be obligated to give any bond or surety or other security for the performance of any of his or her duties.

 

Section 3.15           RELIANCE. Each Trustee, officer, employee and agent of the Company shall, in the performance of his duties with respect to the Company, be fully justified and protected with regard to any act or failure to act in reliance in good faith upon the books of account or other records of the Company, upon an opinion of counsel or upon reports made to the Company by any of its officers or employees or by the advisers, accountants, appraisers or other experts or consultants selected by the Trustees or officers of the Company, regardless of whether such counsel or expert may also be a Trustee. Each Trustee, officer, employee and agent of the Company shall also otherwise be entitled to the benefit of Section 3806(k) of the Delaware Statutory Trust.

 

Section 3.16           CERTAIN RIGHTS OF TRUSTEES, OFFICERS, EMPLOYEES AND AGENTS. The Trustees shall have no responsibility to devote their full time to the affairs of the Company. Any Trustee, officer, employee or agent of the Company, in his or her personal capacity or in a capacity as an affiliate, employee, or agent of any other person, or otherwise, may have business interests and engage in business activities similar to or in addition to those of or relating to the Company, subject to the adoption of any policies relating to such interests and activities adopted by the Trustees and applicable law.

 

Article IV
COMMITTEES

 

Section 4.1             NUMBER, TENURE AND QUALIFICATIONS. The Board may, by resolution passed by a majority of the whole Board, appoint from among its members an Audit Committee, a Governance Committee and an Independent Trustees (as such term is defined in the Declaration of Trust) Committee of the Board, and other committees the Board shall determine from time to time to be in the best interests of the Company and its shareholders, each of which shall be composed of one or more Trustees, who will serve at the pleasure of the Board.

 

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Section 4.2             POWERS. The Board may delegate to committees appointed under Section 1 of this Article IV any of the powers of the Board, except as prohibited by law.

 

Section 4.3             MEETINGS. Each committee, if deemed advisable by the Board, shall have a written charter. Notice of committee meetings shall be given in the same manner as notice for special meetings of the Board. A majority of the members of a committee shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at any meeting of such committee. The act of a majority of the committee members present at a meeting shall be the act of such committee. The Board may designate a chairperson of any committee, and such chairperson or, in the absence of a chairperson, any two members of any committee (if there are at least two (2) members of the committee) may fix the time and place of its meeting unless the Board shall otherwise provide. In the absence of any member of any such committee, the members thereof present at any meeting, whether or not they constitute a quorum, may appoint another Trustee to act in the place of such absent member. Each committee may fix rules of procedures for its business. Each committee shall keep minutes of its proceedings.

 

Section 4.4             VACANCIES. Subject to the provisions hereof, the Board shall have the power at any time to change the membership of any committee, to fill all vacancies, to designate alternate members to replace any absent or disqualified member or to dissolve any such committee. Subject to the power of the Board, the members of the committee shall have the power to fill any vacancies on the committee.

 

Article V
OFFICERS

 

Section 5.1             GENERAL PROVISIONS. The officers of the Company shall include a chief executive officer and/or a president, a secretary, a treasurer and/or chief financial officer and to the extent that Rule 38a-1 under the 1940 Act applies to the Company, a chief compliance officer and an anti-money laundering officer, and may include one or more vice presidents, a chief operating officer, a chief investment officer, one or more assistant secretaries and one or more assistant treasurers. In addition, the Board may from time to time elect such other officers with such powers and duties as it shall deem necessary or desirable. The officers of the Company shall be elected annually by the Board at the first meeting of the Board following the annual meeting of shareholders and initially at the organizational meeting of the Company, except that the chief executive officer or president may from time to time appoint one or more vice presidents, assistant secretaries, assistant treasurers or other officers. Each officer shall hold office until his or her successor is elected and qualifies or until death, resignation or removal in the manner hereinafter provided. Any two (2) or more offices except president and vice president may be held by the same person although any person holding more than one office in the company may not act in more than one capacity to execute, acknowledge or verify an instrument required by law to be executed, acknowledged or verified by more than one officer. In their discretion, the Trustees may leave unfilled any office except that of the chief executive officer, the president, the treasurer, the secretary and the chief compliance officer (to the extent that Rule 38a-1 under the 1940 Act applies to the Company). Election of an officer or agent shall not of itself create contract rights between the Company and such officer or agent.

 

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Section 5.2             REMOVAL AND RESIGNATION. Any officer or agent of the Company may be removed, with or without cause, by a majority of the whole Board if in its judgment the best interests of the Company would be served thereby, but such removal shall be without prejudice to the contract rights, if any, of the person so removed. Any officer of the Company may resign at any time by giving written notice of his or her resignation to the Board, the chairperson of the Board, the chief executive officer, the president or the secretary. Any resignation shall take effect immediately upon its receipt or, if the time when it shall become effective is specified therein, at such later time specified in the notice of resignation. The acceptance of a resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective unless otherwise stated in the resignation. Such resignation shall be without prejudice to the contract rights, if any, of the Company. In addition, the termination or resignation of the chief compliance officer shall be effected in accordance with Rule 38a-1(4) under the 1940 Act.

 

Section 5.3             VACANCIES. A vacancy in any office may be filled by the Board for the balance of the term.

 

Section 5.4             CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER. The Board shall designate a chief executive officer from among its Board or elected officers. In the absence of such designation, the president shall be the chief executive officer of the Company. The chief executive officer shall have general responsibility for implementation of the policies of the Company, as determined by the Board, and for the management of the business and affairs of the Company. He or she may execute any deed, mortgage, bond, contract or other instrument, except in cases where the execution thereof shall be expressly delegated by the Trustees or by these Bylaws to some other officer or agent of the Company or shall be required by law to be otherwise executed, and in general shall perform all duties incident to the office of chief executive officer and such other duties as may be prescribed by the Board from time to time.

 

Section 5.5             CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER. The Board shall designate a chief financial officer. The chief financial officer shall have the responsibilities and duties incident to the office of chief financial officer and such other duties as may be prescribed as set forth by the Board, the chief executive officer or the president.

 

Section 5.6             CHIEF OPERATING OFFICER. The Board may designate a chief operating officer. The chief operating officer, under the direction of the chief executive officer, shall have the responsibilities and perform the duties incident to the office of chief operating officer, including general management authority and responsibility for the day-to- day implementation of the policies of the Company and such other responsibilities and duties prescribed by the Board or the chief executive officer from time to time.

 

Section 5.7             CHIEF INVESTMENT OFFICER. The Board may designate a chief investment officer. The chief investment officer shall have the responsibilities and duties incident to the office of chief investment officer and such other duties as may be prescribed by the Board, the chief executive officer or the president.

 

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Section 5.8             CHIEF COMPLIANCE OFFICER; ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERING OFFICER. The Board shall designate a chief compliance officer to the extent required by, and consistent with the requirements of, the 1940 Act. The chief compliance officer, who shall also serve as the anti-money laundering officer and subject to the direction of, and reporting to, the Board, shall be responsible for the oversight of the Company’s compliance with the U.S. federal securities laws and other applicable regulatory requirements. The designation, compensation and removal of the chief compliance officer must be approved by the Board, including a majority of the Independent Trustees of the Company. The chief compliance officer shall perform such executive, supervisory and management functions and duties as may be assigned to him or her from time to time by the Board, the chief executive officer or the president.

 

Section 5.9             PRESIDENT. In the absence of a designation of a chief executive officer by the Board, the president shall be the chief executive officer. He or she may sign with the secretary or any other proper officer of the Company authorized by the Board, deeds, mortgages, bonds, contracts, or other instruments which the Board has authorized to be executed, except in cases where the signing and execution thereof shall be expressly delegated by the Board or by these Bylaws to some other officer or agent of the Company, or shall be required by law to be otherwise signed or executed, and in general shall perform all duties incident to the office of president and such other duties as may be prescribed by the Board from time to time.

 

Section 5.10           VICE PRESIDENTS. In the absence of the chief executive officer, president, the chief operating officer, or in the event of a vacancy in all such offices, the vice president (or in the event there be more than one vice president, the vice presidents in the order designated at the time of their election or, in the absence of any designation, then in the order of their election) shall perform the duties of the president and when so acting shall have all the powers of and be subject to all the restrictions upon the chief executive officer and the president; and shall perform such other duties as from time to time may be assigned to such vice president by the chief executive officer, the chief operating officer, the president or by the Board. The Board may designate one or more vice presidents as executive vice president, senior vice president or as vice president for particular areas of responsibility.

 

Section 5.11           SECRETARY. The Board shall designate a secretary shall: (a) keep or cause to be kept the minutes of the proceedings of the shareholders, the Board and committees of the Board in one or more books provided for that purpose; (b) see that all notices are duly given in accordance with the provisions of these Bylaws or as required by law; (c) be custodian of the corporate records and of the seal of the Company; (d) keep or cause to be kept a register of the post office address of each shareholder which shall be furnished to the secretary by such shareholder; (e) have general charge of the shares transfer books of the Company; and (f) in general perform such other duties as from time to time may be assigned by the chief executive officer, the president or by the Board.

 

Section 5.12           TREASURER. In the absence of a designation of a chief financial officer by the Board, the treasurer shall be the chief financial officer of the Company. In the absence of a designation of a treasurer by the Board, then the chief financial officer shall be responsible for the duties of the treasurer specified in this Section 12. The treasurer shall be responsible for: (a) the custody of the funds and securities of the Company; (b) the keeping of full and accurate accounts of receipts and disbursements in books belonging to the Company; and (c) the depositing of all moneys and other valuable effects in the name and to the credit of the Company in such depositories as may be designated by the Board.

 

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The treasurer shall disburse the funds of the Company as may be ordered by the Board, taking proper vouchers for such disbursements, and shall render to the president and Board, at the regular meetings of the Board or whenever it may so require, an account of all his or her transactions as treasurer and of the financial condition of the Company. The treasurer shall, if required by the Board, give bonds for the faithful performance of his or her duties in such sums and with such surety or sureties as shall be satisfactory to the Board.

 

Section 5.13           ASSISTANT SECRETARIES AND ASSISTANT TREASURER. The assistant secretaries and assistant treasurers, in general, shall perform such duties as shall be assigned to them by the secretary or treasurer, respectively, or by the chief executive officer, the president or the Board. The assistant treasurers shall, if required by the Board, give bonds for the faithful performance of their duties in such sums and with such surety or sureties as shall be satisfactory to the Board.

 

Article VI
CONTRACTS, LOANS, CHECKS AND DEPOSITS

 

Section 6.1             CONTRACTS. The Board may authorize any officer or agent to enter into any contract or to execute and deliver any instrument in the name of and on behalf of the Company and such authority may be general or confined to specific instances. Any agreement, deed, mortgage, lease or other document shall be valid and binding upon the Company when authorized or ratified by action of the Board and executed by an authorized person.

 

Section 6.2             CHECKS AND DRAFTS. All checks, drafts or other orders for the payment of money, notes or other evidences of indebtedness issued in the name of the Company shall be signed by such officer or agent of the Company in such manner as shall from time to time be determined by the Board.

 

Section 6.3             DEPOSITS. All funds of the Company not otherwise employed shall be deposited from time to time to the credit of the Company in such banks, trust companies or other depositories as the Board may designate.

 

Section 6.4             NO EXCLUSIVE RIGHT TO SELL. The Company shall not grant any exclusive right to sell, or exclusive employment to sell, any assets of the Company.

 

Section 6.5             COMMINGLING OF ASSETS. The funds of the Company shall not be commingled with the funds of any other person and the Company funds will be protected from the claims of affiliated companies and creditors of affiliated companies.

 

Article VII
SHARES

 

Section 7.1             CERTIFICATES. The Company will not issue share certificates. A shareholder’s investment in the company will be recorded on the books of the Company. A shareholder wishing to transfer his or her Shares will be required to send a completed and executed form to the Company, such form to be provided upon a shareholder’s request.

 

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Section 7.2             TRANSFERS. All transfers of shares shall be made on the books of the Company, by the holder of the shares, in person or by his or her attorney, in such manner as the Board of Trustees or any officer of the Company may prescribe.

 

The Company shall be entitled to treat the holder of record of any shares as the holder in fact thereof and, accordingly, shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in such share or on the part of any other person, whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by the laws of the State of Delaware.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, transfers of shares of any class or series of shares will be subject in all respects to the Declaration of Trust and all of the terms and conditions contained therein.

 

Section 7.3             NOTICE OF ISSUANCE OR TRANSFER. Upon issuance or transfer of shares in the Company, the Company shall send the shareholder a written statement that reflects such investment or transfer containing such information, at a minimum, as required by law. The Company, alternatively, may furnish notice that a full statement of the information contained in the foregoing sentence will be provided to any shareholder upon request and without charge.

 

Section 7.4             CLOSING OF TRANSFER BOOKS OR FIXING OF RECORD DATE. The Board may set, in advance, a record date for the purpose of determining shareholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of shareholders or determining shareholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend or the allotment of any other rights, or in order to make a determination of shareholders for any other proper purpose. Such date, in any case, shall not be prior to the close of business on the day the record date is fixed and shall be not more than ninety (90) days and, in the case of a meeting of shareholders, not less than ten (10) days, before the date on which the meeting or particular action requiring such determination of shareholders of record is to be held or taken.

 

In the context of fixing a record date, the Board may provide that the shares transfer books shall be closed for a stated period but not longer than twenty (20) days. If the shares transfer books are closed for the purpose of determining shareholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of shareholders, such books shall be closed for at least ten (10) days before the date of such meeting.

 

If no record date is fixed and the shares transfer books are not closed for the determination of shareholders, (a) the record date for the determination of shareholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of shareholders shall be at the close of business on the day on which the notice of meeting is mailed or the thirtieth (30th) day before the meeting, whichever is the closer date to the meeting; and (b) the record date for the determination of shareholders entitled to receive payment of a dividend or an allotment of any other rights shall be the close of business on the day on which the resolution of the Trustees, declaring the dividend or allotment of rights, is adopted.

 

When a determination of shareholders entitled to vote at any meeting of shareholders has been made as provided in this section, such determination shall apply to any adjournment thereof, except when (i) the determination has been made through the closing of the transfer books and the stated period of closing has expired or (ii) the meeting is adjourned to a date more than one hundred twenty (120) days after the record date fixed for the original meeting, in either of which case a new record date shall be determined as set forth herein.

 

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Section 7.5             SHARES LEDGER. The Company shall maintain at its principal office or at the office of its counsel, accountants or transfer agent, an original or duplicate share ledger containing the name and address of each shareholder and the number of shares of each class held by such shareholder.

 

Section 7.6             FRACTIONAL SHARES; ISSUANCE OF SHARES. The Board may issue fractional shares or provide for the issuance of scrip, all on such terms and under such conditions as they may determine. Notwithstanding any other provision of the Declaration of Trust or these Bylaws, the Board may issue units consisting of different securities of the Company. Any security issued in a unit shall have the same characteristics as any identical securities issued by the Company, except that the Board may provide that for a specified period securities of the Company issued in such unit may be transferred on the books of the Company only in such unit.

 

Article VIII
ACCOUNTING YEAR

 

The fiscal year of the Company shall end on December 31 of each fiscal year, and may thereafter be changed by duly adopted resolution of the Board from time to time.

 

Article IX
DISTRIBUTIONS

 

Section 9.1             AUTHORIZATION. Dividends and other distributions upon the shares of the Company may be authorized by the Board, subject to the provisions of law and the Declaration of Trust. Dividends and other distributions may be paid in cash, property or shares of the Company, subject to the provisions of law and the Declaration of Trust.

 

Section 9.2             CONTINGENCIES. Before payment of any dividends or other distributions, there may be set aside out of any assets of the Company available for dividends or other distributions such sum or sums as the Board may from time to time, in its absolute discretion, think proper as a reserve fund for contingencies, for equalizing dividends or other distributions, for repairing or maintaining any property of the Company or for such other purpose as the Board shall determine to be in the best interest of the Company, and the Board may modify or abolish any such reserve.

 

Article X
SEAL

 

Section 10.1             SEAL. The Board may authorize the adoption of a seal by the Company. The Board may authorize one or more duplicate seals and provide for the custody thereof.

 

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Section 10.2             AFFIXING SEAL. Whenever the Company is permitted or required to affix its seal to a document, it shall be sufficient to meet the requirements of any law, rule or regulation relating to a seal to place the word “(SEAL)” adjacent to the signature of the person authorized to execute the document on behalf of the Company.

 

Article XI
WAIVER OF NOTICE

 

Whenever any notice is required to be given pursuant to the Declaration of Trust or these Bylaws or pursuant to applicable law, a waiver thereof in writing, signed by the person or persons entitled to such notice, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent to the giving of such notice. Neither the business to be transacted at nor the purpose of any meeting need be set forth in the waiver of notice, unless specifically required by statute. The attendance of any person at any meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except where such person attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting to the transaction of any business on the ground that the meeting is not lawfully called or convened.

 

Article XII
INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT

 

If and to the extent that any provision of the DSTA, or any provision of the Declaration of Trust or these Bylaws conflicts with any provision of the 1940 Act, then the applicable provision of the 1940 Act shall control; provided, however, that such conflict shall not affect any of the remaining provisions of these Bylaws or the Declaration of Trust or render invalid or improper any action take or omitted prior to such determination.

 

Article XIII
AMENDMENT OF BYLAWS

 

The Board shall have the exclusive power to adopt, alter or repeal any provision of these Bylaws and to make new Bylaws not inconsistent with the Declaration of Trust. To the extent any provisions of the Bylaws conflict with the Declaration of Trust, the Declaration of Trust shall control.

 

Adopted: January 26, 2023

 

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Exhibit (h)(1)

 

FORM OF INTERMEDIARY MANAGER AGREEMENT

 

[                   ], 202[ ]

 

Ares Wealth Management Solutions, LLC

One Tabor Center

1200 17th St., Suite 2900

Denver, CO 80202

 

This Intermediary Manager Agreement (this “Agreement”) is entered into by and between Ares Strategic Income Fund, a Delaware statutory trust (the “Fund”) and Ares Wealth Management Solutions, LLC (the “Intermediary Manager”).

 

The Fund has filed one or more registration statements with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) that are listed on Schedule 1 to this Agreement (each, a “Registration Statement”), which Schedule 1 may be amended from time to time with the written consent of the Fund and the Intermediary Manager to reflect any additional Registration Statements. In this Agreement, unless explicitly stated otherwise, “the Registration Statement” means, at any given time, each of the registration statements listed on Schedule 1, as such Schedule 1 may be amended from time to time, as each such registration statement is finally amended and revised at the effective date of the registration statement (including at the effective date of any post-effective amendment thereto).

 

Each Registration Statement shall register a continuous offering (each, an “Offering”) of the Fund’s common shares of beneficial interest, $0.01 par value per share (“Common Shares”), which may consist of Class S, Class D and/or Class I common shares of beneficial interest (the “Shares”). In this Agreement, unless explicitly stated otherwise, “the Offering” means each Offering covered by a Registration Statement and “Shares” means the Shares being offered in the Offering.

 

The Offering is and shall be comprised of a maximum amount of Shares set forth in the Prospectus (as defined in Section 1.a. below). Shares of any class of the Fund offered for sale by the Intermediary Manager shall be offered for sale at a price per share (the "offering price") equal to (a) their net asset value (determined in the manner set forth in the Prospectus) plus (b) a sales charge, if any and except to those persons set forth in the Prospectus, which shall be the percentage of the offering price of such Shares as set forth in the Prospectus. The offering price, if not an exact multiple of one cent, shall be adjusted to the nearest cent. The Fund will also issue shares pursuant to its distribution reinvestment plan (the “DRIP Shares”). In connection with the Offering, the minimum purchase by any one person shall be as set forth in the Prospectus (except as otherwise indicated in any letter or memorandum from the Fund to the Intermediary Manager).

 

In this Agreement, unless explicitly stated otherwise, any references to the Registration Statement, the Offering, the Shares or the Prospectus with respect to each other shall mean only those that are all related to the same Registration Statement.

 

The Fund is offering to the public three classes of Shares, Class S shares, Class D shares and Class I shares. The differences between the classes of Shares and the eligibility requirements for each class are described in detail in the Prospectus. The Shares are to be offered and sold to the public as described under the caption “Plan of Distribution” in the Prospectus. Except as otherwise agreed by the Fund and the Intermediary Manager, Shares sold through the Intermediary Manager are to be sold through the Intermediary Manager, as the Intermediary Manager, and the brokers (each a “Broker” and collectively, the “Brokers”) with whom the Intermediary Manager has entered into or will enter into a selected intermediary agreement related to the distribution of Shares substantially in the form attached to this Agreement as Exhibit “A” or such other form as approved by the Fund (each a “Selected Intermediary Agreement”) at a purchase price equal to the offering price applicable to the class of Shares being purchased. For shareholders who participate in the Fund’s distribution reinvestment plan, the cash distributions attributable to the class of Shares that each shareholder owns will be automatically invested in additional shares of the same class. The DRIP Shares are to be issued and sold to shareholders of the Fund at a purchase price equal to the most recent available NAV per share for such shares at the time the distribution is payable.

 

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Terms not defined herein shall have the same meaning as in the Prospectus. Now, therefore, the Fund hereby agrees with the Intermediary Manager as follows:

 

1. Representations and Warranties of the Fund: The Fund represents and warrants to the Intermediary Manager and each Broker participating in an Offering, with respect to such Offering, as applicable, that:

 

a.            A Registration Statement with respect to the Shares has been prepared by the Fund in accordance with applicable requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) and the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), and the applicable rules and regulations (the “Rules and Regulations”) of the SEC promulgated thereunder, covering the Shares. Copies of such Registration Statement and each amendment thereto have been or will be delivered to the Intermediary Manager. The prospectus contained therein, as finally amended and revised at the effective date of the Registration Statement (including at the effective date of any post-effective amendment thereto), is hereinafter referred to as the “Prospectus,” except that if the prospectus or prospectus supplement filed by the Fund pursuant to Rule 424B3 under the Securities Act shall differ from the Prospectus on file at the Effective Date, the term “Prospectus” shall also include such prospectus or prospectus supplement filed pursuant to Rule 424B3. “Effective Date” means the applicable date upon which the Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto is or was first declared effective by the SEC. “Filing Date” means the applicable date upon which the initial Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto is filed with the SEC.

 

b.            The Fund has been duly and validly organized and formed as a statutory trust under the laws of the state of Delaware, with the power and authority to conduct its business as described in the Prospectus.

 

c.            As of the Effective Date or Filing Date, as applicable, the Registration Statement and Prospectus complied or will comply in all material respects with the Securities Act and the Rules and Regulations. The Registration Statement, as of the applicable Effective Date, does not and will not contain any untrue statements of material facts or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein not misleading; and the Prospectus as of the applicable Filing Date, does not and will not contain any untrue statements of material facts or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, provided, however, that the foregoing provisions of this Section 1.c. will not extend to such statements contained in or omitted from the Registration Statement or Prospectus as are primarily within the knowledge of the Intermediary Manager or any of the Brokers and are based upon information furnished by the Intermediary Manager in writing to the Fund specifically for inclusion therein.

 

d.            The Fund intends to use the funds received from the sale of the Shares as set forth in the Prospectus.

 

e.            No consent, approval, authorization or other order of any governmental authority is required in connection with the execution or delivery by the Fund of this Agreement or the issuance and sale by the Fund of the Shares, except such as may be required under the Securities Act and the Rules and Regulations, by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”) or applicable state securities laws.

 

f.            Unless otherwise described in the Registration Statement and Prospectus, there are no actions, suits or proceedings pending or to the knowledge of the Fund, threatened against the Fund at law or in equity or before or by any federal or state commission, regulatory body or administrative agency or other governmental body, domestic or foreign, which will have a material adverse effect on the business or property of the Fund.

 

g.            The execution and delivery of this Agreement, the consummation of the transactions herein contemplated and compliance with the terms of this Agreement by the Fund will not conflict with or constitute a default under any declaration of trust, by-law, indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, lease, rule, regulation, writ, injunction or decree of any government, governmental instrumentality or court, domestic or foreign, having jurisdiction over the Fund, except to the extent that the enforceability of the indemnity and/or contribution provisions contained in Section 4 of this Agreement may be limited under applicable securities laws.

 

h.            The Fund has full legal right, power and authority to enter into this Agreement and to perform the transactions contemplated hereby, except to the extent that the enforceability of the indemnity and/or contribution provisions contained in Section 4 of this Agreement may be limited under applicable securities laws.

 

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i.            At the time of the issuance of the Shares, the Shares will have been duly authorized and, when issued and sold as contemplated by the Prospectus and the Fund’s declaration of trust, as amended and supplemented, and upon payment therefor as provided by the Prospectus and this Agreement, will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and will conform to the description thereof contained in the Prospectus.

 

j.            The Fund has filed all material federal, state and foreign income tax returns, which have been required to be filed, on or before the due date (taking into account all extensions of time to file) and has paid or provided for the payment of all taxes indicated by said returns and all assessments received by the Fund to the extent that such taxes or assessments have become due, except where the Fund is contesting such assessments in good faith.

 

k.            The financial statements of the Fund included in the Prospectus present fairly in all material respects the financial position of the Fund as of the date indicated and the results of its operations for the periods specified; said financial statements have been prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles applied on a consistent basis.

 

l.            Upon the commencement of the Offering, the Fund will be a non-diversified, closed-end management investment company that has elected to be treated as a business development company under the 1940 Act, and has not withdrawn such election, and the SEC has not ordered that such election be withdrawn nor to the Fund’s knowledge have proceedings to effectuate such withdrawal been initiated or threatened by the SEC.

 

m.            Any and all printed sales literature or other materials which have been approved in advance in writing by the Fund and appropriate regulatory agencies for use in the Offering (“Authorized Sales Materials”) prepared by the Fund and any of its affiliates (excluding the Intermediary Manager) specifically for use with potential investors in connection with the Offering, when used in conjunction with the Prospectus, did not at the time provided for use, and, as to later provided materials, will not at the time provided for use, include any untrue statement of a material fact nor did they at the time provided for use, or, as to later provided materials, will they, omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made and when read in conjunction with the Prospectus, not misleading. If at any time any event occurs which is known to the Fund as a result of which such Authorized Sales Materials when used in conjunction with the Prospectus would include an untrue statement of a material fact or, in view of the circumstances under which they were made, omit to state any material fact necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, the Fund will notify the Intermediary Manager thereof.

 

n.            Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, (i) no person is serving or acting as an officer, director or investment adviser of the Fund, except in accordance with the applicable provisions of the 1940 Act and the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended, and the applicable published rules and regulations thereunder, and (ii) to the knowledge of the Fund, no director of the Fund is an “affiliated person” (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Intermediary Manager.

 

2. Covenants of the Fund. The Fund covenants and agrees with the Intermediary Manager that:

 

a.            It will, at no expense to the Intermediary Manager, furnish the Intermediary Manager with such number of printed copies of the Prospectus, in preliminary and final form, including all amendments and exhibits thereto, as the Intermediary Manager may reasonably request. It will similarly furnish to the Intermediary Manager and others designated by the Intermediary Manager as many copies of any other Authorized Sales Materials (provided that the use of said Authorized Sales Materials has been first approved for use by all appropriate regulatory agencies.

 

b.            It will furnish such proper information and execute and file such documents as may be necessary for the Fund to qualify the Shares for offer and sale under the securities laws of such jurisdictions as the Intermediary Manager may reasonably designate and will file and make in each year such statements and reports as may be required. The Fund will furnish to the Intermediary Manager upon request a copy of such papers filed by the Fund in connection with any such qualification.

 

c.            It will: (a) use its best efforts to cause the Registration Statement to become effective; (b) furnish copies of any proposed amendment or supplement of the Registration Statement or Prospectus to the Intermediary Manager; (c) file every amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus that may be required by the SEC; and (d) if at any time the SEC shall issue any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, it will promptly notify the Intermediary Manager and, to the extent the Fund determines such action is in the best interests of the Fund, use its commercially reasonable efforts to obtain the lifting of such order.

 

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d.            If at any time when a Prospectus is required to be delivered under the Securities Act any event occurs as a result of which, in the opinion of either the Fund or the Intermediary Manager, the Prospectus would include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in view of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, the Fund will promptly notify the Intermediary Manager thereof (unless the information shall have been received from the Intermediary Manager) and will effect the preparation of an amended or supplemental Prospectus which will correct such statement or omission. The Fund will then promptly prepare such amended or supplemental Prospectus or Prospectuses as may be necessary to comply with the requirements of Section 10 of the Securities Act.

 

e.            It will disclose a per share estimated value of the Shares and related information in accordance with the requirements of FINRA Rule 2310(b)(5).

 

3. Obligations and Compensation of Intermediary Manager

 

a.            The Fund hereby appoints the Intermediary Manager as its agent and principal distributor for the purpose of selling for cash to the public up to the maximum amount of Shares set forth in the Registration Statement (subject to the Fund’s right of reallocation, as described in the Prospectus) through Brokers, all of whom shall be members of FINRA. The Intermediary Manager hereby accepts such agency and distributorship and agrees to use its best efforts to sell the Shares on said terms and conditions set forth in the Prospectus with respect to each Offering and any additional terms or conditions specified in Schedule 2 to this Agreement, as it may be amended from time to time. The Intermediary Manager represents to the Fund that it is a member in good standing of FINRA and that it and its employees and representatives have all required licenses and registrations to act under this Agreement. With respect to the Intermediary Manager’s participation in the distribution of the Shares in the Offering, the Intermediary Manager agrees to comply in all material respects with the applicable requirements of the Securities Act, the Rules and Regulations, the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, and all other state or federal laws, rules and regulations applicable to the Offering and the sale of Shares, all applicable state securities or blue sky laws and regulations, and the rules of FINRA applicable to the Offering, from time to time in effect, including, without limitation, FINRA Rules 2040, 2111, 2310, 5110 and 5141.

 

b. Promptly after the initial Effective Date of the Registration Statement, the Intermediary Manager and the Brokers shall commence the offering of the Shares in the Offering for cash to the public in jurisdictions in which the Shares are registered or qualified for sale or in which such offering is otherwise permitted. The Intermediary Manager and the Brokers will immediately suspend or terminate offering of the Shares upon receipt of notice from the Fund at any time and will resume offering the Shares upon subsequent receipt of notice of the Fund, as notice is constituted under Section 14 of this Agreement. The Fund may suspend or terminate the offering of its Shares at any time, including as to specific classes of Shares, as to specific jurisdictions or otherwise. Upon notice to the Intermediary Manager of the terms of such suspension or termination, the Intermediary Manager shall suspend the solicitation of subscriptions for Shares in accordance with such terms until the Fund notifies the Intermediary Manager that such solicitation may be resumed. The Intermediary Manager, in consultation with the Fund's investment adviser (the "Adviser"), may suspend sales of the Shares of any one or more classes at any time, may grandfather continuing sales to any group or category of existing shareholders, and may resume sales at any later time, subject in each case to a requirement that the Intermediary Manager promptly notify the Fund's Board of Trustees (the "Board") of the decision and subject to the authority of the Board to override such decision.

 

c.            Subject to circumstances described in or otherwise provided in this Agreement and under the caption “Plan of Distribution” in the Prospectus, which may be amended and restated from time to time, the Fund will pay to the Intermediary Manager Shareholder Servicing and/or Distribution Fees in connection with sales of Class S Shares, and sales of certain Class D Shares (the “Shareholder Servicing and/or Distribution Fee”) and the Intermediary Manager may permit Brokers to charge transaction or other fees, including upfront placement fees or brokerage commissions, all as described in Schedule 2 to this Agreement. The applicable Shareholder Servicing and/or Distribution Fees payable to the Intermediary Manager will be paid substantially concurrently with the execution by the Fund of orders submitted by purchasers of Class S Shares and Class D Shares, as applicable, and all or a portion of the Shareholder Servicing and/or Distribution Fees may be reallowed by the Intermediary Manager to the Brokers who sold the Class S Shares and Class D Shares giving rise to such Shareholder Servicing and/or Distribution Fees, as described more fully in the Selected Intermediary Agreement entered into with each such Broker.

 

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d.            Except as may be provided in the “Plan of Distribution” section of the Prospectus, which may be amended and restated from time to time, subject to the limitations set forth in Section 3.e. below, the Fund will pay to the Intermediary Manager Shareholder Servicing and/or Distribution Fees with respect to sales of Class S and Class D shares as described in Schedule 2 to this Agreement. The Fund will pay the Shareholder Servicing and/or Distribution Fee to the Intermediary Manager monthly in arrears. The Intermediary Manager may reallow all or a portion of the Shareholder Servicing and/or Distribution Fee to any Brokers who sold the Class S or Class D Shares giving rise to a portion of such Shareholder Servicing and/or Distribution Fee to the extent the Selected Intermediary Agreement with such Broker provides for such a reallowance and such Broker is in compliance with the terms of such Selected Intermediary Agreement related to such reallowance. Notwithstanding the foregoing, subject to the terms of the Prospectus, at such time as the Broker who sold the Class S or Class D Shares giving rise to a portion of the Shareholder Servicing and/or Distribution Fee is no longer the intermediary of record with respect to such Class S or Class D Shares or the Broker no longer satisfies any or all of the conditions in its Selected Intermediary Agreement for the receipt of the Shareholder Servicing and/or Distribution Fee, then Broker’s entitlement to the Shareholder Servicing and/or Distribution Fees related to such Class S and/or Class D shares, as applicable, shall cease in, and Broker shall not receive the Shareholder Servicing and/or Distribution Fee for, that month or any portion thereof (i.e., Shareholder Servicing and/or Distribution Fees are payable with respect to an entire month without any proration). Intermediary transfers will be made effective as of the start of the first business day of a month.

 

Thereafter, such Shareholder Servicing and/or Distribution Fee may be reallowed to the then-current intermediary of record of the Class S and/or Class D shares, as applicable, if any such interemediary of record has been designated (the “Servicing Broker”), to the extent such Servicing Broker has entered into a Selected Intermediary Agreement or similar agreement with the Intermediary Manager (“Servicing Agreement”), such Selected Intermediary Agreement or Servicing Agreement with the Servicing Broker provides for such reallowance and the Servicing Broker is in compliance with the terms of such agreement related to such reallowance. In this regard, all determinations will be made by the Intermediary Manager in good faith in its sole discretion. The Broker is not entitled to any Shareholder Servicing and/or Distribution Fee with respect to Class I shares. The Intermediary Manager may also reallow some or all of the Shareholder Servicing and/or Distribution Fee to other intermediaries who provide services with respect to the Shares (who shall be considered additional Servicing Brokers) pursuant to a Servicing Agreement with the Intermediary Manager to the extent such Servicing Agreement provides for such reallowance and such additional Servicing Broker is in compliance with the terms of such agreement related to such reallowance, in accordance with the terms of such Servicing Agreement.

 

e.            Unless otherwise disclosed in the Prospectus, at the end of the month in which the Intermediary Manager in conjunction with the transfer agent determines that total transaction or other fees, including upfront placement fees or brokerage commissions, and Shareholder Servicing and/or Distribution Fees paid with respect to the Offering would exceed, in the aggregate, 10% of the gross proceeds from the Offering (or a lower limit as determined by the Intermediary Manager or the applicable Broker), the Intermediary Manager shall cease receiving the Shareholder Servicing and/or Distribution Fee.

 

f.            The terms of any reallowance of the Shareholder Servicing and/or Distribution Fee shall be set forth in the Selected Intermediary Agreement or Servicing Agreement entered into with the Brokers or Servicing Brokers, as applicable. The Fund will not be liable or responsible to any Broker or Servicing Broker for any reallowance of Shareholder Servicing and/or Distribution Fee to such Broker or Servicing Broker, it being the sole and exclusive responsibility of the Intermediary Manager for payment of Shareholder Servicing and/or Distribution Fee to Brokers and Servicing Brokers. Notwithstanding the foregoing, at the discretion of the Fund, the Fund may act as agent of the Intermediary Manager by making direct payment of Shareholder Servicing and/or Distribution Fees to Brokers on behalf of the Intermediary Manager without incurring any liability. Further, the Fund is not responsible for any transaction or other fees, including upfront placement fees or brokerage commissions, charged by Brokers.

 

g.            In addition to the other items of underwriting compensation set forth in this Section 3, the Fund and/or the Adviser shall reimburse the Intermediary Manager for all items of underwriting compensation referenced in the Prospectus, to the extent the Prospectus indicates that they will be paid by the Fund or the Adviser, as applicable, and to the extent permitted pursuant to prevailing rules and regulations of FINRA.

 

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h.            In addition to reimbursement as provided under Section 3.g, and subject to prevailing rules and regulations of FINRA, the Fund shall also pay directly or reimburse the Intermediary Manager for reasonable bona fide due diligence expenses incurred by any Broker as described in the Prospectus. The Intermediary Manager shall obtain from any Broker and provide to the Fund a detailed and itemized invoice for any such due diligence expenses. Notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, no payments or reimbursements made by the Fund with respect to a particular Offering hereunder shall cause total organization and offering expenses, defined under Omnibus Guidelines (as defined in Section 4.a. below) and FINRA rules, to exceed 10% and 15%, respectively, of gross proceeds from such Offering.

 

i.            The Intermediary Manager represents that it will comply fully with all applicable currency reporting, anti-money laundering, anti-corruption and anti-terrorist laws and regulations, and any other applicable laws, rules, regulations and interpretations of any other applicable regulatory or self-regulatory body.

 

j.            The Intermediary Manager represents and warrants that, to the extent required by applicable law, it has adopted policies and procedures to comply with all applicable anti-money laundering, customer identification, suspicious activity, currency transaction reporting and similar laws and regulations including the Bank Secrecy Act, as amended by the USA PATRIOT Act, and the regulations thereunder, and Financial Industry Regulatory Authority Rule 3310. The Intermediary Manager also represents and warrants that, if purchasing Shares in securities brokerage accounts for which it acts as introducing broker, it will not purchase Shares on behalf of any person on the list of Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons maintained by the Office of Foreign Assets Control ("OFAC"), or other similar governmental lists, or in contravention of any OFAC maintained sanctions program. The Intermediary Manager agrees (i) to share information with the Fund for purposes of ascertaining whether a suspicious activity report ("SAR") is warranted with respect to any suspicious transaction involving Shares, provided that neither the Intermediary Manager nor the Fund is the subject of the SAR and (ii) to include in agreements with Brokers contractual provisions regarding the anti-money laundering compliance obligations of such Broker.

 

k.            The Intermediary Manager represents and warrants to the Fund and each person and firm that signs the Registration Statement that the information under the caption “Plan of Distribution” in the Prospectus and all other information furnished to the Fund by the Intermediary Manager in writing expressly for use in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading.

 

l.            The Intermediary Manager and all Brokers will offer and sell the Shares at the offering prices per share as determined in accordance with the Prospectus.

 

4. Indemnification.

 

a.            To the extent permitted by the Fund’s declaration of trust, Section 17(h) and Section 17(i) of the 1940 Act, the provisions of Article II.G of the North American Securities Administrators Association, Inc. Omnibus Guidelines Statement of Policy adopted on March 29, 1992 and as amended on May 7, 2007 and from time to time (the “Omnibus Guidelines”), and subject to the limitations below, the Fund will indemnify and hold harmless the Brokers and the Intermediary Manager, their officers and directors and each person, if any, who controls such Broker or Intermediary Manager within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act (the “Indemnified Persons”) from and against any losses, claims, damages or liabilities (“Losses”), joint or several, to which such Indemnified Persons may become subject, under the Securities Act, the Exchange Act or otherwise, insofar as such Losses (or actions in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon: (a) any untrue statement of a material fact contained (i) in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, or any post-effective amendment or supplement to either, (ii) in any blue sky application or other document executed by the Fund or on its behalf specifically for the purpose of qualifying any or all of the Shares for sale under the securities laws of any jurisdiction or based upon written information furnished by the Fund under the securities laws thereof (any such application, document or information being hereinafter called a “Blue Sky Application”) or (iii) in any Authorized Sales Materials; or (b) the omission to state in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, or any post-effective amendment or supplement to either or in any Blue Sky Application or Authorized Sales Materials a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The Fund will reimburse the Intermediary Manager and each Indemnified Person of the Intermediary Manager for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by the Intermediary Manager or such Indemnified Person in connection with investigating or defending such Loss.

 

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Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 4.a., the Fund may not indemnify or hold harmless the Intermediary Manager, any Broker or any of their affiliates in any manner that would be inconsistent with the provisions to Article II.G of the Omnibus Guidelines. In particular, but without limitation, the Fund may not indemnify or hold harmless the Intermediary Manager, any Broker or any of their affiliates for liabilities arising from or out of a violation of state or federal securities laws, unless one or more of the following conditions are met:

 

(i) There has been a successful adjudication on the merits of each count involving alleged securities law violations;

 

(ii) Such claims have been dismissed with prejudice on the merits by a court of competent jurisdiction; or

 

(iii) A court of competent jurisdiction approves a settlement of the claims against the indemnitee and finds that indemnification of the settlement and the related costs should be made, and the court considering the request for indemnification has been advised of the position of the Commission and of the published position of any state securities regulatory authority in which the securities were offered as to indemnification for violations of securities laws.

 

Further notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 4.a., the Fund will not be liable in any such case to the extent that any such Loss or expense arises out of or is based upon an untrue statement or omission made in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished (x) to the Fund by the Intermediary Manager or (y) to the Fund or the Intermediary Manager by or on behalf of any Broker specifically for use in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, or any post-effective amendment or supplement, any Blue Sky Application or any Authorized Sales Materials, and, further, the Fund will not be liable for the portion of any Loss in any such case if it is determined that such Broker or the Intermediary Manager was at fault in connection with such portion of the Loss, expense or action.

 

The foregoing indemnity agreement of this Section 4.a. is subject to the further condition that, insofar as it relates to any untrue statement or omission made in the Prospectus (or amendment or supplement thereto) that was eliminated or remedied in any subsequent amendment or supplement thereto, such indemnity agreement shall not inure to the benefit of an Indemnified Party from whom the person asserting any Losses purchased the Shares that are the subject thereof, if a copy of the Prospectus as so amended or supplemented was not sent or given to such person at or prior to the time the subscription of such person was accepted by the Fund, but only if a copy of the Prospectus as so amended or supplemented had been supplied to the Intermediary Manager or the Broker prior to such acceptance.

 

b.            The Intermediary Manager will indemnify and hold harmless the Fund, its officers and trustees (including any person named in the Registration Statement, with his or her consent, as about to become a trustee), each other person who has signed the Registration Statement and each person, if any, who controls the Fund within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act (the “Fund Indemnified Persons”), from and against any Losses to which any of the Fund Indemnified Persons may become subject, under the Securities Act, the Exchange Act or otherwise, insofar as such Losses (or actions in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon: (a) any untrue statement of a material fact contained (i) in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any post-effective amendment or supplement to either, (ii) in any Blue Sky Application or (iii) in any Authorized Sales Materials; (b) the omission to state in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, any post-effective amendment or supplement to either or in any Blue Sky Application or Authorized Sales Materials a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, provided that clauses (a) and (b) apply, to the extent, but only to the extent, that such untrue statement or omission was made in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Fund by or on behalf of the Intermediary Manager specifically for use with reference to the Intermediary Manager in the preparation of the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, any post-effective amendment or supplement to either or in preparation of any Blue Sky Application or Authorized Sales Materials; or (c) any use of sales literature not authorized or approved by the Fund or any use of “broker-dealer use only” materials with members of the public by the Intermediary Manager in the offer and sale of the Shares or any use of sales literature in a particular jurisdiction if such material bears a legend denoting that it is not to be used in connection with the sale of Shares to members of the public in such jurisdiction; (d) any untrue statement made by the Intermediary Manager or its representatives or agents or omission to state a fact necessary in order to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading in connection with the offer and sale of the Shares; (e) any material violation of this Agreement; (f) any failure to comply with applicable laws governing privacy issues, money laundering abatement and anti-terrorist financing efforts, including applicable rules of the SEC, FINRA and the USA Patriot Act; or (g) any other failure to comply with applicable rules of FINRA or federal or state securities laws and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder; provided further that the Intermediary Manager’s obligation to indemnify the Fund shall be limited to the extent of any fees earned and retained by the Intermediary Manager (excluding any fees re-allowed to Brokers) pursuant to this Agreement. The Intermediary Manager will reimburse the aforesaid parties for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by them in connection with investigating or defending such Loss, expense or action. This indemnity agreement will be in addition to any liability that the Intermediary Manager may otherwise have.

 

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c.            Each Broker severally will indemnify and hold harmless the Fund, the Intermediary Manager, each of their officers and directors (including any person named in the Registration Statement, with his or her consent, as about to become a trustee), each other person who has signed the Registration Statement and each person, if any, who controls the Fund or the Intermediary Manager within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act (the “Broker Indemnified Persons”) from and against any Losses to which a Broker Indemnified Person may become subject, under the Securities Act, the Exchange Act or otherwise, insofar as such Losses (or actions in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon: (a) any untrue statement of a material fact contained (i) in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, or any post-effective amendment or supplement to either, (ii) in any Blue Sky Application or (iii) in any Authorized Sales Materials; (b) the omission to state in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, or any post-effective amendment or supplement to either or in any Blue Sky Application or Authorized Sales Materials a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, provided that clauses (a) and (b) apply, to the extent, but only to the extent, that such untrue statement or omission was made in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Fund or the Intermediary Manager by or on behalf of the Broker specifically for use with reference to the Broker in the preparation of the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, any post-effective amendment or supplement either or in preparation of any Blue Sky Application or Authorized Sales Materials; (c) any use of sales literature not authorized or approved by the Fund or any use of “broker-dealer use only” materials with members of the public by the Broker in the offer and sale of the Shares or any use of sales literature in a particular jurisdiction if such material bears a legend denoting that it is not to be used in connection with the sale of Shares to members of the public in such jurisdiction; (d) any untrue statement made by the Broker or its representatives or agents or omission to state a fact necessary in order to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading in connection with the offer and sale of the Shares; (e) any material violation of this Agreement or the Selected Intermediary Agreement entered into between the Intermediary Manager and the Broker; (f) any failure or alleged failure to comply with all applicable laws, including, without limitation, laws governing privacy issues, money laundering abatement and anti-terrorist financing efforts, including applicable rules of the SEC, FINRA and the USA Patriot Act; or (g) any other failure or alleged failure to comply with applicable rules of FINRA or federal or state securities laws and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. Each such Broker will reimburse each Broker Indemnified Person for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by them in connection with investigating or defending any such Loss, expense or action. This indemnity agreement will be in addition to any liability that such Broker may otherwise have.

 

d.            Promptly after receipt by an indemnified party under this Section 4 of notice of the commencement of any action, such indemnified party will, if a claim in respect thereof is to be made against any indemnifying party under this Section 4, notify in writing the indemnifying party of the commencement thereof. The failure of an indemnified party to so notify the indemnifying party will relieve the indemnifying party from any liability under this Section 4 as to the particular item for which indemnification is then being sought, but not from any other liability that it may have to any indemnified party. In case any such action is brought against any indemnified party, and it notifies an indemnifying party of the commencement thereof, the indemnifying party will be entitled, to the extent it may wish, jointly with any other indemnifying party similarly notified, to participate in the defense thereof, with separate counsel. Such participation shall not relieve such indemnifying party of the obligation to reimburse the indemnified party for reasonable legal and other expenses (subject to Section 4.e.) incurred by such indemnified party in defending itself, except for such expenses incurred after the indemnifying party has deposited funds sufficient to effect the settlement, with prejudice, of the claim in respect of which indemnity is sought. Any such indemnifying party shall not be liable to any such indemnified party on account of any settlement of any claim or action effected without the consent of such indemnifying party. Any indemnified party shall not be bound to perform or refrain from performing any act pursuant to the terms of any settlement of any claim or action effected without the consent of such indemnified party.

 

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e.            The indemnifying party shall pay all legal fees and expenses of the indemnified party in the defense of such claims or actions; provided, however, that the indemnifying party shall not be obliged to pay legal expenses and fees to more than one law firm in connection with the defense of similar claims arising out of the same alleged acts or omissions giving rise to such claims notwithstanding that such actions or claims are alleged or brought by one or more parties against more than one indemnified party. If such claims or actions are alleged or brought against more than one indemnified party, then the indemnifying party shall only be obliged to reimburse the expenses and fees of the one law firm that has been selected by a majority of the indemnified parties against which such action is finally brought; and in the event a majority of such indemnified parties are unable to agree on which law firm for which expenses or fees will be reimbursable by the indemnifying party, then payment shall be made to the first law firm of record representing an indemnified party against the action or claim. Such law firm shall be paid only to the extent of services performed by such law firm and no reimbursement shall be payable to such law firm on account of legal services performed by another law firm.

 

f.            The indemnity agreements contained in this Section 4 shall remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of (a) any investigation made by or on behalf of any Broker, or any person controlling any Broker or by or on behalf of the Fund, the Intermediary Manager or any officer or director thereof, or by or on behalf of any person controlling the Fund or the Intermediary Manager, (b) delivery of any Shares and payment therefor, and (c) any termination of this Agreement. A successor of any Broker or of any of the parties to this Agreement, as the case may be, shall be entitled to the benefits of the indemnity agreements contained in this Section 4.

 

5. Survival of Provisions.

 

a.            The respective agreements, representations and warranties of the Fund and the Intermediary Manager set forth in this Agreement shall remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of (a) any investigation made by or on behalf of the Intermediary Manager or any Broker or any person controlling the Intermediary Manager or any Broker or by or on behalf of the Fund or any person controlling the Fund, and (b) the acceptance of any payment for the Shares.

 

b.            The respective agreements of the Fund and the Intermediary Manager set forth in Sections 3.c. through 3.h. and Sections 4 through 14 of this Agreement shall remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of any termination of this Agreement.

 

6. Applicable Law. This Agreement was executed and delivered in, and its validity, interpretation and construction shall be governed by, the laws of the State of New York; provided however, that causes of action for violations of federal or state securities laws shall not be governed by this Section. Venue for any action brought hereunder shall lie exclusively in New York, New York.

 

7. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts. Each counterpart, when executed and delivered, shall be an original contract, but all counterparts, when taken together, shall constitute one and the same Agreement.

 

8. Successors and Amendment.

 

a.            This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the Intermediary Manager and the Fund and their respective successors. Nothing in this Agreement is intended or shall be construed to give to any other person any right, remedy or claim, except as otherwise specifically provided herein. This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of the Brokers to the extent set forth in Sections 1 and 4 hereof.

 

b.            This Agreement may be amended by the written agreement of the Intermediary Manager and the Fund.

 

c.            Schedule 1 may be amended from time to time with the written consent of the Fund and the Intermediary Manager. However, the addition or removal of Registration Statements from Schedule 1 shall only apply prospectively and shall not affect the respective agreements, representations and warranties of the Fund and the Intermediary Manager prior to such amendments to Schedule 1. For the avoidance of doubt, the parties acknowledge and agree that, upon the removal of a Registration Statement from Schedule 1, the representations, warranties and covenants in Sections 1 and 2 shall no longer continue to be made with respect to the Offering, the Shares or the Prospectus relating to such Registration Statement.

 

9

 

 

9. Term and Termination. This Agreement shall become effective as of the date first written above and shall remain in force until the second anniversary of its effective date and shall thereafter continue in effect from year to year, but only so long as such continuance is specifically approved at least annually by a vote of the board of trustees of the Fund, including the vote of a majority of the trustees who are not “interested persons,” as defined by the 1940 Act and the rules thereunder, of the Fund and who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the Fund’s Distribution and Shareholder Servicing Plan (the “Plan”) or any agreements entered into in connection with the Plan (including this Agreement), cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose. Any party to this Agreement shall have the right to terminate this Agreement on 60 days’ written notice or immediately upon notice to the other party in the event that such other party shall have failed to comply with any material provision hereof. The Agreement also may be terminated at any time, without the payment of any penalty, by vote of a majority of the Fund’s trustees who are not “interested persons”, as defined in the 1940 Act, of the Fund and who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the Fund’s Plan or this Agreement or by vote a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund (as defined in the 1940 Act), on not more than 60 days’ written notice to the Intermediary Manager or the Adviser. This Agreement will automatically terminate in the event of its assignment, as defined in the 1940 Act. Upon expiration or termination of this Agreement, (a) the Fund shall pay to the Intermediary Manager all earned but unpaid compensation and reimbursement for all incurred, accountable compensation to which the Intermediary Manager is or becomes entitled under Section 3 pursuant to the requirements of that Section 3 at such times as such amounts become payable pursuant to the terms of such Section 3, offset by any losses suffered by the Fund or any officer or director of the Fund arising from the Intermediary Manager’s breach of this Agreement or an action that would otherwise give rise to an indemnification claim against the Intermediary Manager under Section 4.b. herein, and (b) the Intermediary Manager shall promptly deliver to the Fund all records and documents in its possession that relate to the Offering other than as required by law to be retained by the Intermediary Manager. Intermediary Manager shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to cooperate with the Fund to accomplish an orderly transfer of management of the Offering to a party designated by the Fund.

 

10. Confirmation. The Fund hereby agrees and assumes the duty to confirm on its behalf and on behalf of Brokers who sell the Shares all orders for purchase of Shares accepted by the Fund. Such confirmations will comply with the rules of the SEC and FINRA, and will comply with applicable laws of such other jurisdictions to the extent the Fund is advised of such laws in writing by the Intermediary Manager.

 

11. Prospectus and Authorized Sales Materials. Intermediary Manager agrees that it is not authorized or permitted to give and will not give, any information or make any representation concerning the Shares except as set forth in the Prospectus and any Authorized Sales Materials. The Intermediary Manager further agrees (a) not to deliver any Authorized Sales Materials to any investor or prospective investor, to any intermediary that has not entered into a Selected Intermediary Agreement or Servicing Agreement, or to any representatives or other associated persons of such an intermediary, unless it is accompanied or preceded by the Prospectus as amended and supplemented, (b) not to show or give to any investor or prospective investor or reproduce any material or writing that is supplied to it by the Fund and marked “broker only”, “dealer only” or otherwise bearing a legend denoting that it is not to be used in connection with the sale of Shares to members of the public and (c) not to show or give to any investor or prospective investor in a particular jurisdiction (and will similarly require Brokers pursuant to the Selected Intermediary Agreement) any material or writing that is supplied to it by the Fund if such material bears a legend denoting that it is not to be used in connection with the sale of Shares to members of the public in such jurisdiction. Intermediary Manager, in its agreements with Brokers, will include requirements and obligations of the Brokers similar to those imposed upon the Intermediary Manager pursuant to this section.

 

12. Suitability of Investors. The Intermediary Manager, in its agreements with Brokers, will require that the Brokers offer Shares only to persons who meet the financial qualifications set forth in the Prospectus or in any suitability letter or memorandum sent to it by the Fund and will only make offers to persons in the jurisdictions in which it is advised in writing that the Shares are qualified for sale or that such qualification is not required. In offering Shares, the Intermediary Manager, in its agreements with Brokers, will require that the Broker comply with the provisions of all applicable rules and regulations relating to suitability of investors, including, without limitation, the provisions of Exchange Act Rule 15l-1 (“Regulation Best Interest”) and Article III of the Omnibus Guidelines and applicable laws of the jurisdiction of which such investor is a resident. The Intermediary Manager, in its agreements with Brokers, will require that the Brokers shall sell Shares only to those persons who are eligible to purchase such shares as described in the Prospectus and only through those Brokers who are authorized to sell such shares. The Intermediary Manager, in its agreements with the Brokers, shall require the Brokers to maintain, for at least six years, a record of the information obtained to determine that an investor meets the financial qualification and suitability standards imposed on the offer and sale of the Shares.

 

10

 

 

13. Submission of Orders. The Intermediary Manager will require in its agreements with each Broker that each Broker comply with the submission of orders procedures set forth in the form of Selected Intermediary Agreement attached as Exhibit “A” to this Agreement. To the extent the Intermediary Manager is involved in the distribution process other than through a Broker, the Intermediary Manager will comply with such submission of orders procedures, and will require each person desiring to purchase Shares in the Offering to complete and execute a subscription agreement in the form filed as an appendix to the Prospectus (a “Subscription Agreement”) in the form provided by the Fund to the Intermediary Manager for use in connection with the Offering and to deliver to the Intermediary Manager or as otherwise directed by the Intermediary Manager such completed and executed Subscription Agreement together with a check or wire transfer (“instrument of payment”) in the amount of such person’s purchase, which must be at least the minimum purchase amount set forth in the Prospectus. Subscription Agreements and instruments of payment will be transmitted by the Intermediary Manager to the escrow agent described in the Prospectus and Subscription Agreement for any Offering in which there is a minimum offering contingency described in the Prospectus (“Minimum Offering”) that has not yet been satisfied or, after any such Minimum Offering is satisfied or if no such Minimum Offering is applicable to an Offering, to the Fund, as soon as practicable, but in any event by the end of the second business day following receipt by the Intermediary Manager. If the Intermediary Manager receives a Subscription Agreement or instrument of payment not conforming to the instructions set forth in the form of Selected Intermediary Agreement, the Intermediary Manager shall return such Subscription Agreement and instrument of payment directly to such subscriber not later than the end of the next business day following its receipt. Instruments of payment of rejected subscribers will be promptly returned to such subscribers. Unless otherwise agreed by the parties hereto, the Adviser or the Fund's administrator and transfer agent (the "TA/Administrator"), shall be responsible for reviewing each Subscription Agreement, if required, to confirm that it has been completed in accordance with the instructions thereto; provided, however, that the Adviser, the TA/Administrator, the Intermediary Manager and the Fund may rely on the information provided by Brokers concerning their customers. The Fund, the Adviser and/or the TA/Administrator, in its or their sole discretion, may return to the Intermediary Manager any Subscription Agreement, if required, that is not completed to its or their satisfaction, and the Fund shall be under no obligation to accept any Subscription Agreement.

 

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14. Notice. Notices and other writings contemplated by this Agreement shall be delivered via (i) hand, (ii) first class registered or certified mail, postage prepaid, return receipt requested, (iii) a nationally recognized overnight courier or (iv) electronic mail. All such notices shall be addressed, as follows:

 

If to the Intermediary Manager: Ares Wealth Management Solutions, LLC
  Attn: [      ]
 

One Tabor Center

1200 17th St., Suite 2900

  Denver, CO 80202
  Email: [      ]
   
If to the Fund:

Ares Strategic Income Fund

Attn: [ ]

245 Park Avenue, 44th Floor

New York, New York 10167

Email: [ ]

 

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If the foregoing correctly sets forth our understanding, please indicate your acceptance thereof in the space provided below for that purpose, whereupon this letter and your acceptance shall constitute a binding agreement between us as of the date first above written.

 

  Very truly yours,
   
  ARES STRATEGIC INCOME FUND

 

  By:  
  Name:  
  Title:  

 

Accepted and agreed to as of the date first above written:  
   
ARES WEALTH MANAGEMENT SOLUTIONS, LLC  

 

By:    
Name:    
Title:    

 

 

[Signature Page to Intermediary Manager Agreement]

 

 

 

Schedule 1

 

Registration Statement(s)

 

1. Registration Statement on Form N-2, Registration No. 814-01512 and 333-264145.

 

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Schedule 2

 

Compensation

 

I. Shareholder Servicing and/or Distribution Fees

 

The Fund will pay to the Intermediary Manager Shareholder Servicing and/or Distribution Fees in amounts of (a) up to 0.85% per annum of the aggregate NAV for the Class S shares as of the beginning of the first calendar day of the month and (b) up to 0.25% per annum of the aggregate NAV for the Class D shares as of the beginning of the first calendar day of the month, in each case, payable monthly. The Fund will not pay to the Intermediary Manager any Shareholder Servicing and/or Distribution Fees in respect of the purchase of any Class I shares.

 

II. Intermediary Manager Fees

 

The Fund will not pay to the Intermediary Manager any Intermediary Manager fees in respect of the purchase of any Class S shares, Class D shares, Class I shares or DRIP Shares.

 

III. Brokerage Transaction Fees

 

The Intermediary Manager is authorized to enter into arrangements that allow the Broker to charge a transaction or other fee, including upfront placement fees or brokerage commissions, on sales of Shares, to the extent the Prospectus discloses that such transaction or other fees may be charged for the relevant class of Shares. The Intermediary Manager will require the Broker to represent that Broker is acting solely as an agent for its customers with respect to their purchase or sale of Shares and is not acting for Broker’s own account. Any transaction or other fees, including upfront placement fees or brokerage commissions, charged by Broker in connection with its sale of Shares will be charged in a manner consistent with the Prospectus and applicable law and FINRA rules. Purchases and sales of such shares may only be executed as purchases or repurchases between the customer and the Fund. Broker shall not execute trades of shares between customers.

 

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EXHIBIT A

 

FORM OF SELECTED INTERMEDIARY AGREEMENT

 

16

 

Exhibit (h)(2)

 

FORM OF SELECTED INTERMEDIARY AGREEMENT

 

Ladies and Gentlemen:

 

Ares Wealth Management Solutions, LLC, as the intermediary manager (“Intermediary Manager”) for Ares Strategic Income Fund (the “Fund”), a Delaware statutory trust, invites you (the “Broker”) to participate in the continuous distribution of common shares of beneficial interest, $0.01 par value per share, of the Fund (“Common Shares”) subject to the following terms:

 

  I. Intermediary Manager Agreement

 

The Intermediary Manager has entered into an Intermediary Manager Agreement (the “Intermediary Manager Agreement”) with the Fund dated [ ], 2023, attached hereto as Exhibit “A.” Except as otherwise specifically stated herein, all terms used in this Agreement have the meanings provided in the Intermediary Manager Agreement.

 

As described in the Intermediary Manager Agreement, the Fund has filed one or more registration statements with the SEC that are listed on Schedule 1 to the Intermediary Manager Agreement (each, a “Registration Statement”), which Schedule 1 may be amended from time to time with the written consent of the Fund and the Intermediary Manager to reflect any additional Registration Statements. Any new Registration Statement will be added to Schedule 1 upon its initial effectiveness with the SEC. Each Registration Statement shall register a continuous offering (each, an “Offering”) of Common Shares, which may consist of Class S, Class D and/or Class I shares of beneficial interest (the “Shares”) or additional share classes.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, if any new Registration Statement is added to Schedule 1 to the Intermediary Manager Agreement, the Intermediary Manager will give the Broker written notice of such addition. Schedule 1 to the Intermediary Manager Agreement may be amended from time to time with the written consent of the Fund and the Intermediary Manager. However, the addition or removal of Registration Statements from Schedule 1 to the Intermediary Manager Agreement shall only apply prospectively and shall not affect the respective agreements, representations and warranties of the Fund, the Intermediary Manager and the Broker prior to such amendments to Schedule 1 to the Intermediary Manager Agreement. It is possible that more than one Registration Statement may be listed on Schedule 1 during times of transition from one Registration Statement to another, during which time offers or sales may be made pursuant to either Registration Statement. In such event, the Intermediary Manager shall (a) communicate to the Broker details about the transition from one Registration Statement to the next, including when sales may be made pursuant to the most recent Registration Statement and when sales will cease pursuant to the older Registration Statement and (b) provide the Broker with sufficient copies of the appropriate Prospectus and other offering materials in order to continue to make offers and sales throughout such transition period.

 

In this Agreement, unless explicitly stated otherwise, “the Registration Statement” means, at any given time, each of the registration statements listed on Schedule 1 to the Intermediary Manager Agreement, as such Schedule 1 to the Intermediary Manager Agreement may be amended from time to time, as each such registration statement is finally amended and revised at the effective date of the registration statement (including at the effective date of any post-effective amendment thereto). In this Agreement, unless explicitly stated otherwise, “the Offering” means, at any given time, an offering covered by a Registration Statement and “Shares” means the Shares being offered in an Offering. In this Agreement, unless explicitly stated otherwise, any references to the Registration Statement, the Offering, the Shares or the Prospectus with respect to each other shall mean only those that are all related to the same Registration Statement.

 

By your acceptance of this Agreement, you will become one of the Brokers referred to in the Intermediary Manager Agreement between the Fund and the Intermediary Manager and will be entitled and subject to the indemnification provisions contained in the Intermediary Manager Agreement, including the provisions of Section 4 of the Intermediary Manager Agreement wherein the Brokers severally agree to indemnify and hold harmless the Fund, the Intermediary Manager and each officer and director thereof, and each person, if any, who controls the Fund or the Intermediary Manager within the meaning of the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). The Broker agrees that the Intermediary Manager Agreement is the sole source of any indemnification that the Broker will receive from the Fund or the Intermediary Manager with respect to the Offering. The Broker acknowledges that the Intermediary Manager’s liability for the Shareholder Servicing and/or Distribution Fee is limited solely to the proceeds of the Shareholder Servicing and/or Distribution Fee receivable from the Fund, and the Broker hereby waives any and all rights to receive any reallowance of the Shareholder Servicing and/or Distribution Fee due until such time as the Intermediary Manager is in receipt of the Shareholder Servicing and/or Distribution Fee from the Fund.

 

 

 

 

The Broker hereby agrees to use its best efforts to sell the Shares for cash on the terms and conditions stated in the Prospectus. Nothing in this Agreement shall be deemed or construed to make the Broker an employee, agent, representative or partner of the Intermediary Manager or of the Fund, and the Broker is not authorized to act for the Intermediary Manager or the Fund or to make any representations on their behalf except as set forth in the Prospectus and in the Authorized Sales Materials.

 

  II. Submission of Orders

 

Each person desiring to purchase Shares in the Offering will be required to complete and execute a subscription agreement (each, a “Subscription Agreement”) and to deliver to the Broker such completed and executed Subscription Agreement together with a check or wire transfer (“instrument of payment”) in the amount of such person’s purchase, which must be at least the minimum purchase amount (as calculated in accordance with the procedures described in the Prospectus) set forth in the Prospectus. Those persons who purchase Shares will be instructed by the Broker to make their instruments of payment payable to or for the benefit of “Ares Strategic Income Fund.” Purchase orders which include (i) instruments of payment received by the Fund at least five (5) business days prior to the first calendar day of the month and (ii) a completed and executed Subscription Agreement in good order received by the Fund at least five (5) business days prior to the first calendar day of the month (unless waived by the Intermediary Manager) will be executed as of the first calendar day of the month (based on the NAV per Share as determined as of the previous day, being the last day of the preceding month). Any tender offer requests must be made in accordance with the applicable procedures described in the Fund’s Registration Statement, the Fund’s Share Repurchase Program described in the Registration Statement (the “Plan”), and applicable law, rules and regulations. The parties acknowledge and agree that a tender offer is not received in “good order” unless the tender offer and all required documentation is complete and received by the Fund’s transfer agent by the applicable tender offer deadline described in the Fund’s tender offer documents or otherwise specified by the Fund in writing.

 

Subscription Agreements and instruments of payment will be transmitted by the Intermediary Manager to the escrow agent described in the Prospectus and Subscription Agreement for any Offering in which there is a minimum offering requirement contingency described in the Prospectus (“Minimum Offering”) that has not yet been satisfied or, after any such Minimum Offering is satisfied or if no such Minimum Offering is applicable to an Offering, to the Fund, as soon as practicable, but in any event by the end of the second business day following receipt by the Intermediary Manager.

 

If the Broker receives a Subscription Agreement or instrument of payment not conforming to the foregoing instructions, the Broker shall return such Subscription Agreement and instrument of payment directly to such subscriber not later than the end of the next business day following its receipt. Subscription Agreements and instruments of payment received by the Broker which conform to the foregoing instructions shall be transmitted for deposit pursuant to one of the methods described in this Section II. Transmittal of received investor funds will be made in accordance with the following procedures:

 

  (i) Where, pursuant to the Broker’s internal supervisory procedures, internal supervisory review is conducted at the same location at which Subscription Agreements and instruments of payment are received from subscribers, Subscription Agreements and instruments of payment will be transmitted by the end of the next business day following receipt by the Broker for deposit to the Fund or its agent as set forth in the Subscription Agreement or as otherwise directed by the Fund.

 

2 

 

 

  (ii) Where, pursuant to the Broker’s internal supervisory procedures, final internal supervisory review is conducted at a different location, Subscription Agreements and instruments of payment will be transmitted by the end of the next business day following receipt by the Broker to the office of the Broker conducting such final internal supervisory review (the “Final Review Office”). The Final Review Office will in turn, by the end of the next business day following receipt by the Final Review Office, transmit such Subscription Agreements and instruments of payment for deposit to the Fund or its agent as set forth in the Subscription Agreement or as otherwise directed by the Fund.

 

  III. Pricing

 

Except as otherwise provided in the Prospectus, which may be amended or supplemented from time to time, the Primary Shares shall generally be offered to the public at a purchase price payable in cash equal to the Fund’s then-current NAV per share applicable to the class of Shares being purchased (as calculated in accordance with the procedures described in the Prospectus) subject to any applicable sales charge. Broker may also charge transaction or other fees, including upfront placement fees or brokerage commissions, in connection with the sale of Shares as described in Schedule I attached hereto. For shareholders who participate in the Fund’s distribution reinvestment plan (“DRIP”), the cash distributions attributable to the class of Shares that each shareholder owns will be automatically re-invested in additional Shares of the same class. The DRIP Shares will be issued and sold to shareholders of the Fund at a purchase price equal to the most recent available NAV per Share for such Shares at the time the distribution is payable. Except as otherwise indicated in the Prospectus or in any letter or memorandum sent to the Broker by the Fund or the Intermediary Manager, (a) a minimum initial purchase of $2,500 in Class S shares and Class D shares is required, and additional investments of such shares may be made in cash in minimal increments of at least $500 in such Shares, and (b) a minimum initial purchase of $1,000,000 in Class I Shares is required, and additional investments may be made in cash in minimal increments of at least $I in Class I Shares unless such minimums are waived by the Intermediary Manager. The Shares are nonassessable.

 

  IV. Brokers’ Compensation

 

Except as may be provided in the “Plan of Distribution” section of the Prospectus, which may be amended or supplemented from time to time, as compensation for completed sales and ongoing shareholder services rendered by the Broker hereunder, the Broker is entitled, on the terms and subject to the conditions herein, to the compensation set forth on Schedule I hereto.

 

  V. Representations, Warranties and Covenants of the Broker

 

In addition to the representations and warranties found elsewhere in this Agreement, the Broker represents, warrants and agrees that:

 

  (i) It is duly organized and existing and in good standing under the laws of the state, commonwealth or other jurisdiction in which the Broker is organized.

 

  (ii) It is empowered under applicable laws and by the Broker’s organizational documents to enter into this Agreement and perform all activities and services of the Broker provided for herein and that there are no impediments, prior or existing, or regulatory, self-regulatory, administrative, civil or criminal matters affecting the Broker’s ability to perform under this Agreement.

 

  (iii) The execution, delivery, and performance of this Agreement; the incurrence of the obligations set forth herein; and the consummation of the transactions contemplated herein, including the issuance and sale of the Shares, will not constitute a breach of, or default under, any agreement or instrument by which the Broker is bound, or to which any of its assets are subject, or any order, rule, or regulation applicable to it of any court, governmental body, or administrative agency having jurisdiction over it.

 

  (iv) All requisite actions have been taken to authorize the Broker to enter into and perform this Agreement.

 

  (v) It shall notify Intermediary Manager, promptly in writing, of any written claim or complaint or any enforcement action or other proceeding with respect to Shares offered hereunder against the Broker or its principals, affiliates, officers, directors, employees or agents, or any person who controls the Broker, within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act.

 

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  (vi) Except for those jurisdictions listed on Schedule III hereto, the Broker will not offer, sell or distribute Shares, or otherwise make any such Shares available, in any jurisdiction outside of the United States or United States territories unless the Broker receives prior written consent from Intermediary Manager.

 

  (vii) The Broker acknowledges that the Intermediary Manager will enter into similar agreements with other broker-dealers, which does not require the consent of the Broker.

 

  (viii) The Broker represents that it is a broker-dealer registered with FINRA and subject to FINRA Rule 2030 (“Rule 2030”). The Broker represents that it has policies and procedures to ensure compliance with Rule 2030 and is currently in compliance with Rule 2030. Moreover, the Broker represents that neither it nor any of its Covered Associates (i.e., any (i) general partner, managing member or executive officer of the Broker, as well as any person with a similar status or function, (ii) any associated person of the Broker who engages in distribution or solicitation activities with a government entity, (iii) any associated person of the Broker who supervises, directly or indirectly, the government entity distribution or solicitation activities of a person in (ii) above, and (iv) any political action committee controlled by the Broker or one of its Covered Associates) has made, directly or indirectly, any contributions that prohibit the Broker from engaging in solicitation activities for compensation under Rule 2030 (a “Triggering Contribution”). The Broker hereby agrees that neither it nor its Covered Associates will make a Triggering Contribution or violate Rule 2030 while engaged hereunder. If the Broker breaches this provision and becomes aware of a Triggering Contribution or a violation of Rule 2030, it shall promptly provide written notice to the Intermediary Manager of the nature of the ban or violation.

 

  (ix) The Broker represents that it is acting solely as an agent for its customers with respect to their purchase or sale of Shares and is not acting for the Broker’s own account. Any transaction or other fees, including upfront placement fees or brokerage commissions, charged by the Broker in connection with its sale of Shares will be charged in a manner consistent with the Prospectus and applicable law and FINRA rules.
     
  (x) The Broker further represents, warrants and covenants that neither the Broker, nor any person associated with the Broker, shall offer or sell Shares in any jurisdiction except to investors who satisfy the investor suitability standards and minimum investment requirements under the most restrictive of the following: (a) applicable provisions described in the Prospectus, including minimum income and net worth standards; (b) applicable laws of the jurisdiction of which such investor is a resident; (c) applicable provisions of Exchange Act Rule 15l-1 (“Regulation Best Interest”); or (d) applicable FINRA rules. The Intermediary Manager agrees to ensure that, in recommending the purchase, sale or exchange of Shares to an investor, the Broker, or a person associated with the Broker, shall have reasonable grounds to believe, on the basis of information obtained from the investor (and thereafter maintained in the manner and for the period required by the SEC, any state securities commission, FINRA or the Fund) concerning his or her age, investment objectives, other investments, financial situation and needs and any other information known to the Broker, or person associated with the Broker, that (i) the investor can reasonably benefit from an investment in the Shares based on the investor’s overall investment objectives and portfolio structure, (ii) the investor is able to bear the economic risk of the investment based on the investor’s overall financial situation and (iii) the investor has an apparent understanding of (A) the fundamental risks of the investment, (B) the risk that the investor may lose his or her entire investment in the Shares, (C) the lack of liquidity of the Shares and that liquidity for the Fund’s Shares will be provided only through quarterly repurchase offers, (D) Shares will not be listed on a public exchange and no secondary market is expected to develop for the Shares (E) the background and qualifications of the Fund's investment adviser (the "Adviser") or the persons responsible for directing and managing the Fund and (F) the tax consequences of an investment in the Shares. In the case of sales to fiduciary accounts, the suitability standards must be met by the person who directly or indirectly supplied the funds for the purchase of the Shares or by the beneficiary of such fiduciary account. The Broker further represents, warrants and covenants that the Broker, or a person associated with the Broker, will make every reasonable effort to determine the suitability and appropriateness of an investment in Shares of each proposed investor by reviewing documents and records disclosing the basis upon which the determination as to suitability was reached as to each purchaser of Shares pursuant to a subscription solicited by the Broker, whether such documents and records relate to accounts which have been closed, accounts which are currently maintained or accounts hereafter established.

 

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  VI. Right to Reject Orders or Cancel Sales

 

All orders, whether initial or additional, are subject to acceptance by and shall only become effective upon confirmation by the Fund, which reserves the right to reject any order for any reason or no reason including, without limitation, orders not accompanied by an executed Subscription Agreement in good order or without the required instrument of payment in full payment for the Shares. Issuance and delivery of the Shares will be made only after actual receipt of payment therefor. If any check is not paid upon presentment, or if the Fund is not in actual receipt of clearinghouse funds or cash, certified or cashier’s check or the equivalent in payment for the Shares, the Fund reserves the right to cancel the sale without notice.

 

  VII. Prospectus and Authorized Sales Materials; Compliance with Laws

 

The Broker is not authorized or permitted to give and will not give, any information or make any representation concerning the Shares except as set forth in the Prospectus and any Authorized Sales Materials. The Intermediary Manager will supply the Broker with a link to its publicly accessible website (https://areswmsresources.com/investment-solutions/asif/) where the Broker may obtain the Prospectus, any supplements thereto and any amended Prospectus, as well as any Authorized Sales Materials, for delivery to investors. The Broker agrees that it shall have delivered (i) to each investor to whom an offer to sell the Shares is made, as of the time of such offer, a copy of the Prospectus and all supplements thereto and any amended Prospectus that have then been made available to the Broker by the Intermediary Manager and (ii) to each investor that subscribes for an order to purchase Shares, as of the time the Fund accepts such investor’s order to purchase the Shares within the timeframes described in the Prospectus, a copy of the Prospectus and all supplements thereto and any amended Prospectus that have then been made available to the Broker by the Intermediary Manager. The Broker agrees that it will not send or give any supplement to the Prospectus or any Authorized Sales Materials to an investor unless it has previously sent or given a Prospectus and all previous supplements thereto and any amended Prospectus to that investor or has simultaneously sent or given a Prospectus and all previous supplements thereto and any amended Prospectus with such supplement to the Prospectus or Authorized Sales Materials. The Broker agrees that it will not show or give to any investor or prospective investor or reproduce any material or writing which is supplied to it by the Intermediary Manager and marked “broker only”, “dealer only” or otherwise bearing a legend denoting that it is not to be used in connection with the sale of Shares to members of the public. The Broker agrees that it will not show or give to any investor or prospective investor in a particular jurisdiction any material or writing that is supplied to it by the Intermediary Manager if such material bears a legend denoting that it is not to be used in connection with the sale of Shares to members of the public in such jurisdiction. The Broker agrees that it will not use in connection with the offer or sale of Shares any material or writing which relates to another company supplied to it by the Fund or the Intermediary Manager bearing a legend which states that such material may not be used in connection with the offer or sale of any securities other than the company to which it relates. The Broker further agrees that it will not use in connection with the offer or sale of Shares any materials or writings which have not been previously approved by the Intermediary Manager or the Fund in writing. The Broker agrees, if the Intermediary Manager so requests, to furnish a copy of any final Prospectuses required for compliance with the provisions of Rule 15c2-8 under the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Regardless of the termination of this Agreement, the Broker will deliver a Prospectus in transactions in the Shares for a period of ninety (90) days from the effective date of the Registration Statement or such longer period as may be required by the Exchange Act.

 

On becoming a Broker, and in offering and selling Shares, the Broker agrees to comply with all the applicable requirements imposed upon it under (a) the Securities Act, the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations of the SEC promulgated under both such acts, (b) all applicable state securities laws and regulations as from time to time in effect, (c) any other state, federal, foreign and other laws and regulations applicable to the Offering, the sale of Shares or the activities of the Broker pursuant to this Agreement, including without limitation the privacy standards and requirements of state and federal laws, including the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999, as amended (“GLBA”), and the laws governing money laundering abatement and anti-terrorist financing efforts, including the applicable rules of the SEC and FINRA, the Bank Secrecy Act, as amended, the USA Patriot Act, and regulations administered by the Office of Foreign Asset Control at the Department of the Treasury, and (d) this Agreement and the Prospectus as amended and supplemented. Notwithstanding the termination of this Agreement or the payment of any amount to the Broker, the Broker agrees to pay the Broker’s proportionate share of any claim, demand or liability asserted against the Broker and the other Brokers on the basis that such Brokers or any of them constitute an association, unincorporated business or other separate entity, including in each case such Broker’s proportionate share of any expenses incurred in defending against any such claim, demand or liability.

 

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The Broker and the Intermediary Manager further agree to the following terms:

 

  (i) The Broker agrees that it (1) will maintain written policies and procedures covering the delivery of electronic offering documents and the use of electronic signatures, (2) will comply with all applicable SEC rules and guidelines pertaining to electronic delivery of the Prospectus and Authorized Sales Materials and electronic signature of the Subscription Agreement, (3) will comply with all of the applicable requirements set forth in the NASAA Statement of Policy Regarding Use of Electronic Offering Documents and Electronic Signatures (the “Statement of Policy”), (4) will comply with such requirements in every U.S. jurisdiction irrespective of whether the jurisdiction has adopted the Statement of Policy, (5) acknowledges that it is acting as an agent of the Fund only with respect to the delivery of the Prospectus and Authorized Sales Materials electronically, the administration of the subscription process and the obtainment of electronic signatures and only to the extent its actions are in compliance with the Statement of Policy and the Intermediary Agreement and (6) will also comply, as applicable, with The Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act and the Uniform Electronic Transaction Act and any other applicable law.

 

  (ii) In consideration of the foregoing, the Intermediary Manager hereby agrees that it will not reject a subscription on account of an electronic signature if such signature was obtained in the manner set forth in this Section 7.e.

 

  VIII. License and Association Membership

 

The Broker’s acceptance of this Agreement constitutes a representation to the Fund and the Intermediary Manager that the Broker is a properly registered or licensed broker-dealer, duly authorized to sell Shares under federal and state securities laws and regulations, and foreign laws (including the laws of the jurisdictions listed on Schedule III), if applicable, and in all states or jurisdictions where it offers or sells Shares, and that it is a member in good standing of FINRA. This Agreement shall automatically terminate if the Broker ceases to be a member in good standing of FINRA. The Broker agrees to notify the Intermediary Manager immediately if the Broker ceases to be a member in good standing of FINRA. The Broker also hereby agrees to abide by the Rules of FINRA, including FINRA Rules 2040, 2111, 2121, 2310, 5110 and 5141.

 

  IX. Limitation of Offer; Suitability

 

The Broker will offer Shares (both at the time of an initial subscription and at the time of any additional subscription, including initial enrollments and increased participations in the DRIP) only to persons who meet the financial qualifications and suitability standards set forth in the Prospectus or in any suitability letter or memorandum sent to it by the Fund or the Intermediary Manager and will only make offers to persons in the jurisdictions in which it is advised in writing by the Intermediary Manager that the Shares are qualified for sale or that such qualification is not required and in which the Broker has all required licenses and registrations to offer Shares in such jurisdictions (including the jurisdictions listed on Schedule III). In offering Shares, the Broker will comply with the provisions of the Rules set forth in the FINRA Manual, Regulation Best Interest, as well as all other applicable rules and regulations relating to suitability of investors, including without limitation, the provisions of Article III.C and Article III.E of the Omnibus Guidelines Statement of Policy of the North American Securities Administrators Association, Inc. (the “NASAA Guidelines”) adopted on March 29, 1992 and as amended on May 7, 2007. Nothing contained in this section shall be construed to relieve the Broker of its suitability obligations under Regulation Best Interest, FINRA Rule 2111 or FINRA Rule 2310.

 

The Broker will sell Class S shares, Class D shares and Class I shares only to the extent approved by the Intermediary Manager as set forth on Schedule I to this Agreement, and to the extent approved to sell Class D shares and Class I shares pursuant to this Agreement, sell such shares only to those persons who are eligible to purchase Class D shares and Class I shares as described in the Prospectus. Nothing contained in this Agreement shall be construed to impose upon the Fund or the Intermediary Manager the responsibility of assuring that prospective investors meet the suitability standards in accordance with the terms and provisions of the Prospectus. The Broker shall not purchase any Shares for a discretionary account without obtaining the prior written approval of the Broker’s customer and such customer’s completed and executed Subscription Agreement. The Broker agrees to comply with the record-keeping requirements imposed by (a) federal and state securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder, (b) the applicable rules of FINRA, and (c) the NASAA Guidelines, including the requirement to maintain records (the “Suitability Records”) of the information used to determine that an investment in Shares is suitable and appropriate for each subscriber for a period of six (6) years from the date of the sale of the Shares. The Broker further agrees to make the Suitability Records available to the Intermediary Manager and the Fund upon request and to make them available to representatives of the SEC and FINRA and applicable state securities administrators upon the Broker’s receipt of a subpoena or other appropriate document request from such agency.

 

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[Any relevant jurisdictional selling restrictions to be added as applicable.]

 

The Broker further represents that it understands that the Shares have not been registered and are not expected to be registered under the laws of any country or jurisdiction outside of the United States except as otherwise described in the Prospectus.

 

  X. Disclosure Review; Confidentiality of Information

 

The Broker agrees that it shall have reasonable grounds to believe, based on the information made available to it through the Prospectus or other materials, that all material facts are adequately and accurately disclosed in the Prospectus and provide a basis for evaluating the Shares. In making this determination, the Broker shall evaluate, at a minimum, items of compensation, physical properties, tax aspects, financial stability and experience of the sponsor, conflicts of interest and risk factors, and appraisals and other pertinent reports. If the Broker relies upon the results of any inquiry conducted by another member or members of FINRA, the Broker shall have reasonable grounds to believe that such inquiry was conducted with due care, that the member or members conducting or directing the inquiry consented to the disclosure of the results of the inquiry and that the person who participated in or conducted the inquiry is not the Intermediary Manager or a sponsor or an affiliate of the sponsor of the Fund.

 

It is anticipated that (i) the Broker and Broker’s officers, directors, managers, employees, owners, members, partners, home office diligence personnel or other agents of the Broker that are conducting a due diligence inquiry on behalf of the Broker and (ii) persons or committees, as the case may be, responsible for determining whether the Broker will participate in the Offering ((i) and (ii) are collectively, the “Diligence Representatives”) either have previously or will in the future have access to certain Confidential Information (defined below) pertaining to the Fund, the Intermediary Manager, the Adviser, or their respective affiliates. For purposes hereof, “Confidential Information” shall mean and include: (i) trade secrets concerning the business and affairs of the Fund, the Intermediary Manager, the Advisor, or their respective affiliates; (ii) confidential data, know-how, current and planned research and development, current and planned methods and processes, marketing lists or strategies, slide presentations, business plans, however documented, belonging to the Fund, the Intermediary Manager, the Adviser, or their respective affiliates; (iii) information concerning the business and affairs of the Fund, the Intermediary Manager, the Adviser, or their respective affiliates (including, without limitation, historical financial statements, financial projections and budgets, investment-related information, models, budgets, plans, and market studies, however documented); (iv) any information marked or designated “Confidential—For Due Diligence Purposes Only”; and (v) any notes, analysis, compilations, studies, summaries and other material containing or based, in whole or in part, on any information included in the foregoing. The Broker agrees to keep, and to cause its Diligence Representatives to keep, all such Confidential Information strictly confidential and to not use, distribute or copy the same except in connection with the Broker’s due diligence inquiry. The Broker agrees to not disclose, and to cause its Diligence Representatives not to disclose, such Confidential Information to the public, or to the Broker’s sales staff, financial advisors, or any person involved in selling efforts related to the Offering or to any other third party and agrees not to use the Confidential Information in any manner in the offer and sale of the Shares. The Broker further agrees to use all reasonable precautions necessary to preserve the confidentiality of such Confidential Information, including, but not limited to (a) limiting access to such information to persons who have a need to know such information only for the purpose of the Broker’s due diligence inquiry and (b) informing each recipient of such Confidential Information of the Broker’s confidentiality obligation. The Broker acknowledges that Broker or its Diligence Representatives may previously have received Confidential Information in connection with preliminary due diligence on the Fund, and agrees that the foregoing restrictions shall apply to any such previously received Confidential Information. The Broker acknowledges that Broker or its Diligence Representatives may in the future receive Confidential Information either in individual or collective meetings or telephone calls with the Fund, and agrees that the foregoing restrictions shall apply to any Confidential Information received in the future through any source or medium. The Broker acknowledges the restrictions and limitations of Regulation F-D promulgated by the SEC and agrees that the foregoing restrictions are necessary and appropriate in order for the Fund to comply therewith.

 

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Notwithstanding the foregoing, Confidential Information may be disclosed (a) if approved in writing for disclosure by the Fund or the Intermediary Manager, (b) pursuant to a subpoena or as required by law, or (c) as required by regulation, rule, order or request of any governing or self-regulatory organization (including the SEC or FINRA), provided that the Broker shall notify the Intermediary Manager in advance if practicable under the circumstances of any attempt to obtain Confidential Information pursuant to provisions (b) and (c).

 

  XI. Broker’s Compliance with Anti-Money Laundering Rules and Regulations

 

The Broker hereby represents that it has complied and will comply with Section 326 of the USA Patriot Act and the implementing rules and regulations promulgated thereunder in connection with broker/Brokers’ anti-money laundering obligations. The Broker hereby represents that it has adopted and implemented, and will maintain a written anti-money laundering compliance program (“AML Program”) including, without limitation, anti-money laundering policies and procedures relating to customer identification in compliance with applicable laws and regulations, including federal and state securities laws, applicable rules of FINRA, and the USA Patriot Act and the implementing rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. In accordance with these applicable laws and regulations and its AML Program, the Broker agrees to verify the identity of its new customers; to maintain customer records; and to check the names of new customers against government watch lists, including the Office of Foreign Asset Control’s (OFAC) list of Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons. Additionally, the Broker will monitor account activity to identify patterns of unusual size or volume, geographic factors and any other “red flags” described in the USA Patriot Act as potential signals of money laundering or terrorist financing. The Broker will submit to the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network any required suspicious activity reports about such activity and further will disclose such activity to applicable federal and state law enforcement when required by law. Upon request by the Intermediary Manager at any time, the Broker hereby agrees to furnish (a) a copy of its AML Program to the Intermediary Manager for review, and (b) a copy of the findings and any remedial actions taken in connection with the Broker’s most recent independent testing of its AML Program. The Broker agrees to notify the Intermediary Manager immediately if the Broker is subject to a FINRA disclosure event or fine from FINRA related to its AML Program.

 

  XII. Privacy

 

The Broker agrees as follows:

 

The Broker agrees to abide by and comply in all respects with (a) the privacy standards and requirements of the GLBA and applicable regulations promulgated thereunder, (b) the privacy standards and requirements of any other applicable federal or state law, including the Fair Credit Reporting Act, as amended (“FCRA”), and (c) its own internal privacy policies and procedures, each as may be amended from time to time.

 

The parties hereto acknowledge that from time to time, the Broker may share with the Fund and the Fund may share with the Broker nonpublic personal information (as defined under the GLBA) of customers of the Broker. This nonpublic personal information may include, but is not limited to a customer’s name, address, telephone number, social security number, account information and personal financial information. The Broker shall only be granted access to such nonpublic personal information of each of its customers that pertains to the period or periods during which the Broker served as the broker of record for such customer’s account. The Broker, the Intermediary Manager and the Fund shall not disclose nonpublic personal information of any customers who have opted out of such disclosures, except (a) to service providers (when necessary and as permitted under the GLBA), (b) to carry out the purposes for which one party discloses such nonpublic personal information to another party under this Agreement (when necessary and as permitted under the GLBA), or (c) as otherwise required by applicable law. Any nonpublic personal information that one party receives from another party shall be subject to the limitations on usage described in this Section XII. Except as expressly permitted under the FCRA, The Broker agrees that it shall not disclose any information that would be considered a “consumer report” under the FCRA.

 

8 

 

 

The Broker shall be responsible for determining which customers have opted out of the disclosure of nonpublic personal information by periodically reviewing and, if necessary, retrieving a list of such customers (the “List”) to identify customers that have exercised their opt-out rights. In the event the Broker, the Intermediary Manager or the Fund expects to use or disclose nonpublic personal information of any customer for purposes other than as set forth in this Section XII, it must first consult the List to determine whether the affected customer has exercised his or her opt-out rights. The use or disclosure of any nonpublic personal information of any customer that is identified on the List as having opted out of such disclosures, except as set forth in this Section XII, shall be prohibited.

 

The Broker shall implement commercially reasonable measures in compliance with industry best practices designed: (a) to assure the security and confidentiality of nonpublic personal information of all customers; (b) to protect such information against any anticipated threats or hazards to the security or integrity of such information; (c) to protect against unauthorized access to, or use of, such information that could result in material harm to any customer; (d) to protect against unauthorized disclosure of such information to unaffiliated third parties; and (e) to otherwise ensure its compliance with all applicable privacy standards and requirements of federal or state law (including, but not limited to, the GLBA), and any other applicable legal or regulatory requirements. The Broker further agrees to cause all its agents, representatives, affiliates, subcontractors, or any other party to whom the Broker provides access to or discloses nonpublic personal information of customers to implement appropriate measures designed to meet the objectives set forth in this Section XII.

 

  XIII. Broker’s Undertaking to Not Facilitate a Secondary Market in the Shares

 

The Broker acknowledges that there is no public trading market for the Shares and that there are limits on the ownership, transferability and repurchase of the Shares, which significantly limit the liquidity of an investment in the Shares. The Broker also acknowledges that the Plan provides only a limited opportunity for investors to have their Shares purchased by the Fund and that the Fund’s board of trustees may, in its sole discretion, amend, suspend, or terminate the Plan at any time in accordance with the terms of the Plan. The Broker hereby agrees that so long as the Fund is offering Shares under a Registration Statement filed with the SEC and the Fund has not listed the Shares on a national securities exchange, the Broker will not engage in any action or transaction that would facilitate or otherwise create the appearance of a secondary market in the Shares without the prior written approval of the Intermediary Manager.

 

  XIV. Arbitration

 

Any dispute, controversy or claim arising between the parties relating to this Agreement (whether such dispute arises under any federal, state or local statute or regulation, or at common law), shall be resolved by final and binding arbitration administered in accordance with the then current commercial arbitration rules of FINRA in accordance with the terms of this Agreement (including the governing law provisions of this Agreement and pursuant to the Federal Arbitration Act (9 U.S.C. §§ 1 – 16). The parties will request that the arbitrator or arbitration panel (“Arbitrator”) issue written findings of fact and conclusions of law. The Arbitrator shall not be empowered to make any award or render any judgment for punitive damages, and the Arbitrator shall be required to follow applicable law in construing this Agreement, making awards, and rendering judgments. The decision of the arbitration panel shall be final and binding, and judgment upon any arbitration award may be entered by any court having jurisdiction. All arbitration hearings will be held at the New York City FINRA District Office or at another mutually agreed upon site. The parties may agree on a single arbitrator, or, if the parties cannot so agree, each party will have the right to choose one arbitrator, and the selected arbitrators will choose a third arbitrator. Each arbitrator must have experience and education that qualify him or her to competently address the specific issues to be designated for arbitration. Notwithstanding the preceding, no party will be prevented from immediately seeking provisional remedies in courts of competent jurisdiction, including but not limited to, temporary restraining orders and preliminary injunctions, but such remedies will not be sought as a means to avoid or stay arbitration.

 

  XV. Termination

 

The Broker will suspend or terminate its offer and sale of Shares upon the request of the Fund or the Intermediary Manager at any time and will resume its offer and sale of Shares hereunder upon subsequent request of the Fund or the Intermediary Manager. Any party may terminate this Agreement by written notice. Such termination shall be effective forty-eight (48) hours after the mailing of such notice. This Agreement is the entire agreement of the parties and supersedes all prior agreements, if any, between the parties hereto.

 

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This Agreement may be amended at any time by the Intermediary Manager by written notice to the Broker, and any such amendment shall be deemed accepted by the Broker upon placement of an order for sale of Shares by such Broker’s customer after the Broker has received such notice.

 

This Agreement also may be terminated at any time, without the payment of any penalty, by vote of a majority of the Fund’s trustees who are not “interested persons”, as defined in the 1940 Act, of the Fund and who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the Fund’s distribution plan or this Agreement or by vote a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund, on not more than 60 days’ written notice to the Intermediary Manager or the Adviser. This Agreement will automatically terminate in the event of its assignment, as defined in the 1940 Act.

 

The respective agreements and obligations of the Intermediary Manager and the Broker set forth in Sections IV, VI, VII, and XIII through XIX of this Agreement shall remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of the termination of this Agreement.

 

  XVI. Use of Fund and Ares Names

 

Except as expressly provided herein, nothing herein shall be deemed to constitute a waiver by the Intermediary Manager of any consent that would otherwise be required under this Agreement or applicable law prior to the use of the Broker of the name or identifying marks of the Fund, the Intermediary Manager or “Ares” (or any combination or derivation thereof, including any name adopted in the future). The Intermediary Manager reserves the right to withdraw its consent to the use of the Fund’s name at any time and to request to review any materials generated by the Broker that use the Fund’s or Ares’ name or mark. Any such consent is expressly subject to the continuation of this Agreement and shall terminate with the termination of this Agreement as provided herein.

 

  XVII. Notice

 

Notices and other writings contemplated by this Agreement shall be delivered via (i) hand, (ii) first class registered or certified mail, postage prepaid, return receipt requested, (iii) a nationally recognized overnight courier, or (iv) electronic mail. All such notices shall be addressed, as follows:

 

If to the Intermediary Manager: Ares Wealth Management Solutions, LLC
Attn: [    ]
One Tabor Center
1200 17th St., Suite 2900
Denver, CO 80202
Email: [    ]
   
  With a copy, which shall not constitute notice, to:
Ares Strategic Income Fund
Attn: [    ]
245 Park Avenue, 44th Floor
New York, New York 10167
Email: [    ]
   
If to the Adviser: Ares Capital Management LLC
Attn: Joshua Bloomstein
245 Park Avenue, 44th Floor
New York, New York 10167
Email: jbloomstein@aresmgmt.com

 

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If to the Fund: Ares Strategic Income Fund
Attn: [    ]
245 Park Avenue, 44th Floor
New York, New York 10167
Email: [    ]
   
If to the Broker: To the address specified by the Broker herein.

 

  XVIII. Attorney’s Fees and Applicable Law

 

In any action to enforce the provisions of this Agreement or to secure damages for its breach, the prevailing party shall recover its costs and reasonable attorney’s fees. This Agreement shall be construed under the laws of the State of New York and shall take effect when signed by the Broker and countersigned by the Intermediary Manager. Venue for any action (including arbitration) shall lie exclusively in New York, New York.

 

  XIX. No Partnership

 

Nothing in this Agreement shall be construed or interpreted to constitute the Broker as an employee, agent or representative of, or in association with or in partnership with, the Intermediary Manager, the Fund or the other Brokers; instead, this Agreement shall only constitute the Broker as a Broker authorized by the Intermediary Manager to sell the Shares according to the terms set forth in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus as amended and supplemented and in this Agreement.

 

  XX. Changes; Amendments

 

Except as specifically provided in this Section XX, this Agreement may be changed or amended only by written instrument signed by all parties.

 

In the event of a change in law, regulation or other regulatory guidance which affects this Agreement, the Broker authorizes the Intermediary Manager to amend this Agreement in order to comply with the requirements of any such law, regulation or other regulatory guidance. The Broker agrees that such amendment shall automatically become effective upon the execution of the first transaction the Broker or its Customer executes with the Fund thirty (30) calendar days after receipt of the amendment (or sooner, if required to comply with applicable law and that the amendment shall not require the signature of the Broker in order to be effective).

 

  XXI. Entire Agreement

 

This Agreement (including any Schedules and Exhibits hereto) are the entire agreement of the parties and supersede all prior agreements, if any, relating to the subject matter hereof between the parties hereto.

 

  XXII. Successors and Assigns

 

No party shall assign this Agreement or any right, interest or benefit under this Agreement without the prior written consent of the other party. This Agreement shall be binding upon the Intermediary Manager, the Adviser and the Broker and their respective successors and permitted assigns.

 

  XXIII. Severability.

 

The invalidity or unenforceability of any provision of this Agreement shall not affect the other provisions hereof, and this Agreement shall be construed in all respects as if such invalid or unenforceable provision was omitted.

 

11 

 

 

  XXIV. Counterparts.

 

This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts. Each counterpart, when executed and delivered, shall be an original contract, but all counterparts, when taken together, shall constitute one and the same agreement, including all exhibits. Each party may execute this Agreement by applying an electronic signature using DocuSign or any similar electronic signature program and acknowledges, agrees and confirms that the use of such an electronic signature program (a) shall result in a reliable and valid delivery of such party’s signature to this Agreement; and (b) shall constitute reasonable steps on the part of the other party to this Agreement to verify the reliability of such signature.

 

THE INTERMEDIARY MANAGER:
 
ARES WEALTH MANAGEMENT SOLUTIONS, LLC
   
 
Date:
   

 

[Signature Page to Selected Intermediary Agreement]

 

 

 

 

We have read the foregoing Agreement and we hereby accept and agree to the terms and conditions therein set forth. We hereby represent that the list below of jurisdictions in which we are registered or licensed as a broker and are fully authorized to sell securities is true and correct, and we agree to advise you of any change in such list during the term of this Agreement.

 

1. IDENTITY OF THE BROKER:

 

Company Name:    
     
Type of entity:    
  (Corporation, Partnership or Proprietorship)  
     
Organized in
the State of:
   

 

Licensed as broker-
dealer in all States:
Yes       No      

 

If no, list all States licensed as broker-dealer:    

 

     
     
Tax ID  #:    

 

2.

Person to receive notices delivered pursuant to the Selected Intermediary Agreement.

 

Name:    
     
Company:    
     
Address:    
     
City, State and Zip:    
     
Telephone:    
     
Fax:    
     
Email:    

 

AGREED TO AND ACCEPTED BY THE BROKER:

 

     
  (Broker’s Firm Name)  
     
By:    
  Signature  
     
Name:    
     
Title:    
     
Date:    

 

[Signature Page to Selected Intermediary Agreement]

 

 

 

 

SCHEDULE I

ADDENDUM

TO

ARES WEALTH MANAGEMENT SOLUTIONS, LLC

 

Name of Broker:    

 

The following reflects the brokerage transaction or other fee arrangements and shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees as agreed upon between Ares Wealth Management Solutions, LLC (the “Intermediary Manager”) and Broker, effective as of the effective date of the Selected Broker Agreement (the “Agreement”) between the Intermediary Manager and Broker in connection with the offering of Shares of Ares Strategic Income Fund (the “Fund”). Capitalized terms used herein but not otherwise defined shall have the meaning ascribed thereto in the Agreement.

 

Brokerage Transaction Fee

 

Broker may charge a transaction or other fee, including upfront placement fees or brokerage commissions, on purchases or sales of Shares on such Broker’s brokerage platform, as set forth in “Share Class Election” below, to the extent the Prospectus discloses that such brokerage commissions or fees may be charged for the relevant class of Shares. The Broker represents that it is acting solely as an agent for its customers with respect to their purchase or sale of Shares and is not acting for Broker’s own account. Any transaction or other fee, including upfront placement fees or brokerage commissions, charged by Broker in connection with its sale of Shares will be charged in a manner consistent with the Prospectus and applicable law and FINRA rules. Purchases and sales of such Shares may only be executed as purchases or repurchases between the customer and the Fund. Broker shall not execute trades of Shares between customers.

 

Terms and Conditions of the Shareholder Servicing and/or Distribution Fees.

 

The payment of the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee to Broker is subject to terms and conditions set forth herein and the Prospectus as may be amended or supplemented from time to time. If Broker elects to sell Class S shares and/or Class D shares, eligibility to receive the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee with respect to the Class S shares and/or Class D shares, as applicable, sold by the Broker is conditioned upon the Broker acting as broker of record with respect to such Shares and complying with the requirements set forth below, including providing shareholder and account maintenance services with respect to such Shares. For the avoidance of doubt, such services are non-distribution services, other than those primarily intended to result in the sale of Shares.

 

(i) the existence of an effective Selected Intermediary Agreement or ongoing Servicing Agreement between the Intermediary Manager and the Broker, and

 

(ii) the provision of the following shareholder and account maintenance services with respect to the Class S shares and/or Class D shares, as applicable, by the Broker:

 

1. assistance with recordkeeping in accordance with Broker’s then-existing requirements, including maintaining records for and on behalf of Broker’s customers reflecting transactions and balances of Shares owned,

 

2. answering investor inquiries regarding the Fund, including distribution payments and reinvestments,

 

3. helping investors understand their investments upon their request, and

 

4. tender offer requests. For the avoidance of doubt, Broker’s customers shall submit tender offers directly to the Fund or its agent.

 

The Broker hereby represents by its acceptance of each payment of the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee that it complies with each of the above requirements and is providing the above-described services.

 

I-1 

 

 

In the event of termination of the Agreement, the Intermediary Manager and Broker shall promptly enter into a Servicing Agreement on reasonable and customary terms mutually agreed upon by Broker and the Intermediary Manager to provide for the continuation of these services by Broker and the continuation of the payment by the Intermediary Manager of the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee with respect to the shares for which Broker continues to act as broker of record. For the avoidance of doubt, such services are non-distribution services, other than those primarily intended to result in the sale of Shares.

 

Subject to the conditions described herein, the Intermediary Manager will reallow to Broker the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee in an amount described below, on Class S shares or Class D shares, as applicable, sold by Broker. To the extent payable, the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee will be payable monthly in arrears as provided in the Prospectus. All determinations regarding the total amount and rate of reallowance of the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee, the Broker’s compliance with the listed conditions, and/or the portion retained by the Intermediary Manager will be made by the Intermediary Manager in its sole discretion.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, subject to the terms of the Prospectus, at such time as the Broker is no longer the intermediary of record with respect to such Class S or Class D shares or the Broker no longer satisfies any or all of the conditions set forth above, then Broker’s entitlement to the S shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee related to such Class S and/or Class D shares, as applicable, shall cease in, and Broker shall not receive the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee for, that month or any portion thereof (i.e., shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees are payable with respect to an entire month without any proration). Intermediary transfers will be made effective as of the start of the first business day of a month.

 

Thereafter, such shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee may be reallowed to the then-current intermediaries of record of the Class S and/or Class D shares, as applicable, if any such intermediary of record has been designated (the “Servicing Broker”), to the extent such Servicing Broker has entered into a Selected Intermediary Agreement or similar agreement with the Intermediary Manager (“Servicing Agreement”) and such Selected Intermediary Agreement or Servicing Agreement with the Servicing Broker provides for such reallowance. In this regard, all determinations will be made by the Intermediary Manager in good faith in its sole discretion. The Broker is not entitled to any shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee with respect to Class I shares. The Intermediary Manager may also reallow some or all of the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee to other intermediaries who provide services with respect to the Shares (who shall be considered additional Servicing Brokers) pursuant to a Servicing Agreement with the Intermediary Manager to the extent such Servicing Agreement provides for such reallowance and such additional Servicing Broker is in compliance with the terms of such agreement related to such reallowance, in accordance with the terms of such Servicing Agreement.

 

In addition, the Fund and the Intermediary Manager will cease paying the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee on Class S shares and Class D shares in connection with an Offering upon the earlier to occur of the following: (i) a listing of Class I shares, (ii) the merger or consolidation of the Fund with or into another entity, or the sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the Fund’s assets, or (iii) the date following the completion of the primary portion of such Offering on which, in the aggregate, underwriting compensation from all sources in connection with such Offering, including transaction or other fees, including upfront placement fees or brokerage commissions, the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee and other underwriting compensation, is equal to ten percent (10%) of the gross proceeds from Primary Shares sold in such Offering (the “10% Offering Cap”). Broker acknowledges that it will not be entitled to receive any transaction or other fees, including upfront placement fees or brokerage commissions, or shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees which would cause the aggregate amount of brokerage commissions, other transaction based fees, and/or shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee and other forms of underwriting compensation (as defined in accordance with applicable FINRA rules) paid from any source in connection with this Offering to exceed the 10% Offering Cap. For purposes of this Schedule I, the portion of the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee accruing with respect to Class S and Class D shares of the Fund’s common shares of beneficial interest issued (publicly or privately or pursuant to the DRIP) by the Fund during the term of a particular Offering, and not issued pursuant to a prior Offering, shall be underwriting compensation with respect to such particular Offering and not with respect to any other Offering.

 

I-2 

 

 

General

 

Shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees due to the Broker pursuant to this Agreement will be paid to the Broker within 30 days after receipt by the Intermediary Manager. The Broker, in its sole discretion, may authorize Intermediary Manager to deposit shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees or other payments due to it pursuant to this Agreement directly to its bank account. If the Broker so elects, the Broker shall provide such deposit authorization and instructions in Schedule II to this Agreement.

 

The parties hereby agree that the foregoing shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee are not in excess of the usual and customary distributors’ or sellers’ commission received in the sale of securities similar to the Primary Shares, that the Broker’s interest in the Offering is limited to such shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee from the Intermediary Manager and the Broker’s indemnity referred to in Section 4 of the Intermediary Manager Agreement, and that the Fund is not liable or responsible for the direct payment of such shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee to the Broker.

 

Except as otherwise described under “Brokerage Transaction Fee” above, the Broker waives any and all rights to receive compensation, including the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee, until it is paid to and received by the Intermediary Manager. Broker acknowledges and agrees that, if the Fund pays shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees to the Intermediary Manager, the Fund is relieved of any obligation for shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees to Broker. The Fund may rely on and use the preceding acknowledgement as a defense against any claim by Broker for shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees the Fund pays to Intermediary Manager but that Intermediary Manager fails to remit to Broker. The Broker affirms that the Intermediary Manager’s liability for the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee is limited solely to the proceeds of the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee receivable from the Fund and Broker hereby waives any and all rights to receive any reallowance of the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee due until such time as the Intermediary Manager is in receipt of the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee from the Fund. Notwithstanding the above, Broker affirms that, to the extent that Broker retains transaction or other fees, including upfront placement fees or brokerage commissions, as described above under “Brokerage Transaction Fee,” neither the Fund nor the Intermediary Manager shall have liability for such brokerage commission or other transaction based fee payable to the Broker, and the Broker is solely responsible for retaining the brokerage commissions or other similar transaction based fees due to the Broker from the subscription funds received by the Broker from its customers for the purchase of Shares in accordance with the terms of this Agreement.

 

Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, Broker will not be entitled to receive any transaction or other fees, including upfront placement fees or brokerage commissions, or shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee which would cause the aggregate amount of transaction or other fees, including upfront placement fees or brokerage commissions, transaction based fees, shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees and other forms of underwriting compensation (as defined in accordance with applicable FINRA rules) paid from any source in connection with this Offering to exceed ten percent (10.0%) of the gross proceeds raised from the sale of Shares in the Offering.

 

Broker shall furnish Intermediary Manager and the Fund with such information as shall reasonably be requested by the Fund with respect to the fees paid to Broker pursuant to this Schedule A, and Broker shall notify Intermediary Manager if Broker is not eligible to receive transaction or other fees, including upfront placement fees or brokerage commissions, shareholder servicing and/or distribution fees at the time of purchase.

 

Due Diligence

 

In addition, as set forth in the Prospectus, the Intermediary Manager or, in certain cases at the option of the Fund, the Fund, will pay or reimburse the Broker for reasonable bona fide due diligence expenses incurred by the Broker in connection with the Offering. Such due diligence expenses may include customary travel, lodging, meals and other reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred by the Broker and its personnel when visiting the Fund’s offices verify information relating to the Fund. The Broker shall provide a detailed and itemized invoice for any such due diligence expenses and shall obtain the prior written approval from the Intermediary Manager for such expenses, and no such expenses shall be reimbursed absent a detailed and itemized invoice being sent to [Ares invoice email contact].com and to the attention of [Ares IR email contact].com. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no such payment will be made if such payment would cause the aggregate of such reimbursements to Broker and other brokers, together with all other organization and offering expenses, defined under Omnibus Guidelines and FINRA rules, to exceed ten percent (10%) and fifteen percent (15%) of the Fund’s gross proceeds from the Offering. All such reimbursements will be made in accordance with, and subject to the restrictions and limitations imposed under the Prospectus, FINRA rules and other applicable laws and regulations.

 

I-3 

 

 

Share Class Election

 

CHECK EACH APPLICABLE BOX BELOW IF THE BROKER ELECTS TO PARTICIPATE IN THE LISTED SHARE CLASS

 

Class S Shares   Class D Shares   Class I Shares    

 

The following reflects the brokerage transaction or other fee arrangements, including upfront placement fees or brokerage commissions, arrangement and shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee as agreed upon between the Intermediary Manager and the Broker for the applicable Share Class.

 

             (Initials)   No upfront selling commission but intermediaries may charge transaction or other fees, including upfront placement fees or brokerage commissions, up to 3.5% of the NAV per Class S share sold in the Offering   By initialing here, the Broker hereby agrees to the terms of the Agreement and this Schedule I with respect to the Class S shares.
       
             (Initials)   Shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee of 0.85% per annum of the aggregate NAV of outstanding Class S shares as of the beginning of the first calendar day of each month   By initialing here, the Broker agrees to the terms of eligibility for the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee set forth in this Schedule I with respect to Class S shares. Should the Broker choose to opt out of this provision, it will not be eligible to receive the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee with respect to Class S shares and initialing is not necessary. The Broker represents by its acceptance of each payment of the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee that it complies with each of the above requirements.
       
             (Initials)   No upfront selling commission but intermediaries may charge transaction or other fees, including upfront placement fees or brokerage commissions, up to 1.5% of the NAV per Class D share sold in the Offering   By initialing here, the Broker hereby agrees to the terms of the Agreement and this Schedule I with respect to the Class D shares.
       
             (Initials)   Shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee of 0.25% per annum of the aggregate NAV of outstanding Class D shares as of the beginning of the first calendar day of each month   By initialing here, the Broker agrees to the terms of eligibility for the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee set forth in this Schedule I with respect to Class D shares. Should the Broker choose to opt out of this provision, it will not be eligible to receive the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee with respect to Class D shares and initialing is not necessary. The Broker represents by its acceptance of each payment of the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee that it complies with each of the above requirements.

 

I-4 

 

 

WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Addendum to be executed as of the date first written above.

 

  “INTERMEDIARY MANAGER”
   
  ARES WEALTH MANAGEMENT SOLUTIONS, LLC
     
    By:  
       
      Name:  
       
      Title:  

 

“BROKER”  
   
(Print Name of Broker)  
       
  By:    
     
       
    Name:  
       
       
    Title:  
       

 

I-5 

 

 

SCHEDULE II

TO

SELECTED INTERMEDIARY AGREEMENT WITH

ARES WEALTH MANAGEMENT SOLUTIONS, LLC

 

NAME OF ISSUER: ARES STRATEGIC INCOME FUND

 

NAME OF BROKER:

 

SCHEDULE TO AGREEMENT DATED:

 

Broker hereby authorizes the Intermediary Manager or its agent to deposit shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee and other payments due to it pursuant to the Selected Intermediary Agreement to its bank account specified below. This authority will remain in force until Broker notifies the Intermediary Manager in writing to cancel it. In the event that the Intermediary Manager deposits funds erroneously into Broker’s account, the Intermediary Manager is authorized to debit the account with no prior notice to Broker for an amount not to exceed the amount of the erroneous deposit.

 

Bank Name:

 

Bank Address:

 

Bank Routing Number:

 

Account Number:

“BROKER”  
   
(Print Name of Broker)  
     
By:    
     
  Name:    
     
  Title:    
     
  Date:    

 

II-1 

 

 

SCHEDULE III

TO

SELECTED INTERMEDIARY AGREEMENT WITH

 

ARES WEALTH MANAGEMENT SOLUTIONS, LLC

 

[To come]

 

III-1 

 

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Addendum to be executed as of the date first written above.

 

  “INTERMEDIARY MANAGER”
   
  ARES WEALTH MANAGEMENT SOLUTIONS, LLC
     
    By:  
       
      Name:  
       
      Title:  

 

“BROKER”  
   
(Print Name of Broker)  
       
  By:    
     
       
    Name:  
       
       
    Title:  
       

 

III-2 

 

 

Exhibit (k)(6)

 

Execution Version

 

 

SENIOR SECURED CREDIT AGREEMENT

 

dated as of

 

December 20, 2022

 

between

 

ARES STRATEGIC INCOME FUND

 

The LENDERS Party Hereto

 

and

 

JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A. 

as Administrative Agent

 

TRUIST BANK, 

SUMITOMO MITSUI BANKING CORPORATION, 

WELLS FARGO BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION 

as Syndication Agents

 

$625,000,000

 

 

 

JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A. 

TRUIST SECURITIES, INC.

SUMITOMO MITSUI BANKING CORPORATION, 

WELLS FARGO SECURITIES, LLC 

as Joint Bookrunners and Joint Lead Arrangers

 

 

 

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

Page

 

ARTICLE I
DEFINITIONS
 
     
SECTION 1.01. Defined Terms 1
SECTION 1.02. Classification of Loans and Borrowings 48
SECTION 1.03. Terms Generally 49
SECTION 1.04. Accounting Terms; GAAP 49
SECTION 1.05. Currencies; Currency Equivalents; Benchmark Notification 50
SECTION 1.06. Divisions 51
     
ARTICLE II
THE CREDITS
 
     
SECTION 2.01. The Commitments 52
SECTION 2.02. Loans and Borrowings 52
SECTION 2.03. Requests for Borrowings 53
SECTION 2.04. Letters of Credit 55
SECTION 2.05. Funding of Borrowings 60
SECTION 2.06. Interest Elections 61
SECTION 2.07. Termination, Reduction or Increase of the Commitments 63
SECTION 2.08. Repayment of Loans; Evidence of Debt 65
SECTION 2.09. Prepayment of Loans 67
SECTION 2.10. Fees 70
SECTION 2.11. Interest 71
SECTION 2.12. Alternate Rate of Interest 72
SECTION 2.13. Increased Costs 76
SECTION 2.14. Break Funding Payments 78
SECTION 2.15. Taxes 79
SECTION 2.16. Payments Generally; Pro Rata Treatment; Sharing of Set-offs 82
SECTION 2.17. Defaulting Lenders 84
SECTION 2.18. Mitigation Obligations; Replacement of Lenders 87
SECTION 2.19. Swingline Loans 88
     
ARTICLE III
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES
 
     
SECTION 3.01. Organization; Powers 90
SECTION 3.02. Authorization; Enforceability 90
SECTION 3.03. Governmental Approvals; No Conflicts 91
SECTION 3.04. Financial Condition; No Material Adverse Change 91

 

 

 

 

SECTION 3.05. Litigation 91
SECTION 3.06. Compliance with Laws and Agreements 92
SECTION 3.07. Sanctions and Anti-Corruption Laws 92
SECTION 3.08. Taxes 92
SECTION 3.09. ERISA 92
SECTION 3.10. Disclosure 92
SECTION 3.11. Investment Company Act; Margin Regulations 93
SECTION 3.12. Material Agreements and Liens 93
SECTION 3.13. Subsidiaries and Investments 94
SECTION 3.14. Properties 94
SECTION 3.15. Affiliate Agreements 95
SECTION 3.16. Security Documents 95
SECTION 3.17. Affected Financial Institutions 95
     
ARTICLE IV
CONDITIONS
 
     
SECTION 4.01. Effective Date 95
SECTION 4.02. Each Credit Event 97
     
ARTICLE V
AFFIRMATIVE COVENANTS
 
     
SECTION 5.01. Financial Statements and Other Information 98
SECTION 5.02. Notices of Material Events 100
SECTION 5.03. Existence; Conduct of Business 101
SECTION 5.04. Payment of Obligations 101
SECTION 5.05. Maintenance of Properties; Insurance 101
SECTION 5.06. Books and Records; Inspection Rights 101
SECTION 5.07. Compliance with Laws; Anti-Corruption; Sanctions 101
SECTION 5.08. Certain Obligations Respecting Subsidiaries; Further Assurances 102
SECTION 5.09. Use of Proceeds 104
SECTION 5.10. Status of RIC and BDC 104
SECTION 5.11. Investment and Valuation Policies 104
SECTION 5.12. Portfolio Valuation and Diversification, Etc. 104
SECTION 5.13. Calculation of Borrowing Base 109
SECTION 5.14. Post-Closing Matters 118

 

(ii)

 

 

ARTICLE VI
NEGATIVE COVENANTS
 
     
SECTION 6.01. Indebtedness 119
SECTION 6.02. Liens 121
SECTION 6.03. Fundamental Changes and Dispositions of Assets 122
SECTION 6.04. Investments 124
SECTION 6.05. Restricted Payments 125
SECTION 6.06. Certain Restrictions on Subsidiaries 126
SECTION 6.07. Certain Financial Covenants 126
SECTION 6.08. Transactions with Affiliates 127
SECTION 6.09. Lines of Business 127
SECTION 6.10. No Further Negative Pledge 127
SECTION 6.11. Modifications of Certain Documents 128
SECTION 6.12. Payments of Other Indebtedness 128
     
ARTICLE VII
EVENTS OF DEFAULT
 
     
SECTION 7.01. Events of Default 129
     
ARTICLE VIII
THE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT
 
     
ARTICLE IX
MISCELLANEOUS
 
     
SECTION 9.01. Notices; Electronic Communications 137
SECTION 9.02. Waivers; Amendments 141
SECTION 9.03. Expenses; Indemnity; Damage Waiver 144
SECTION 9.04. Successors and Assigns 145
SECTION 9.05. Survival 149
SECTION 9.06. Counterparts; Integration; Effectiveness; Electronic Execution 150
SECTION 9.07. Severability 150
SECTION 9.08. Right of Setoff 150
SECTION 9.09. Governing Law; Jurisdiction; Etc. 151
SECTION 9.10. WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL 151
SECTION 9.11. Judgment Currency 152
SECTION 9.12. Headings 152
SECTION 9.13. Treatment of Certain Information; Confidentiality 153
SECTION 9.14. USA PATRIOT Act 154
SECTION 9.15. Acknowledgment and Consent to Bail-In of Affected Financial Institutions 154
SECTION 9.16. No Fiduciary Duty 155
SECTION 9.17. German Bank Separation Act 156
SECTION 9.18. Acknowledgement Regarding Any Supported QFCs 157

 

(iii)

 

 

SCHEDULE I Commitments
SCHEDULE II Material Agreements and Liens
SCHEDULE III [Reserved]
SCHEDULE IV Subsidiaries and Investments
SCHEDULE V Transactions with Affiliates
SCHEDULE VI GICS Industry Classification Group List
SCHEDULE VII Approved Dealers and Approved Pricing Services
SCHEDULE VIII Excluded Assets
SCHEDULE IX Letter of Credit Commitments and Swingline Commitments

 

EXHIBIT A - Form of Assignment and Assumption
EXHIBIT B - Form of Guarantee and Security Agreement
EXHIBIT C - Form of Opinion of Delaware Counsel to the Borrower
EXHIBIT D - Form of Opinion of Counsel to JPMCB
EXHIBIT E - Form of Borrowing Base Certificate
EXHIBIT F - Form of Borrowing Request
EXHIBIT G - Form of Interest Election Request

 

(iv)

 

 

SENIOR SECURED CREDIT AGREEMENT dated as of December 20, 2022 (this “Agreement”), between ARES STRATEGIC INCOME FUND, the LENDERS party hereto, and JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A. as Administrative Agent.

 

The Borrower has requested that the Lenders provide the credit facilities described herein. The Lenders are prepared to extend such credit upon the terms and conditions hereof, and, accordingly, the parties hereto agree as follows:

 

ARTICLE I
DEFINITIONS

 

SECTION 1.01.     Defined Terms. As used in this Agreement, the following terms have the meanings specified below:

 

ABR”, when used in reference to any Loan or Borrowing, refers to whether such Loan, or the Loans constituting such Borrowing, are denominated in Dollars and bearing interest at a rate determined by reference to the Alternate Base Rate.

 

Additional Debt Amount” means, as of any date, the greater of (a) $37,500,000 and (b) an amount equal to 5% of Shareholders’ Equity.

 

Adjusted Daily Simple RFR” means, (i) with respect to any RFR Borrowing denominated in Sterling, an interest rate per annum equal to the greater of (x) the sum of (A) the Daily Simple RFR for Sterling, plus (B) 0.0326% and (y) 0% and (ii) with respect to any RFR Borrowing denominated in CHF, an interest rate per annum equal to the greater of (x) the sum of (A) the Daily Simple RFR for CHF, minus 0.0571% and (y) 0%.

 

Adjusted EURIBOR Rate” means, with respect to any Term Benchmark Borrowing denominated in Euros for any Interest Period, an interest rate per annum equal to (a)  the EURIBOR Rate for such Interest Period multiplied by (b) the Statutory Reserve Rate; provided that if the Adjusted EURIBOR Rate as so determined would be less than the Floor, such rate shall be deemed to be equal to the Floor for the purposes of this Agreement.

 

Adjusted Gross Borrowing Base” means the sum of (i) the Gross Borrowing Base plus (ii) the amount of any cash held in a “collection” (or similar) account of any Excluded Asset that is a “collateralized loan obligation” (a “CLO”) or is otherwise subject to a third-party financing whereby a trustee or similar third party administers the “collection” (or similar) account and periodic “waterfall” payments therefrom, in each case, that is reflected on a “payment date schedule” (or similar distribution statement and, in each case, which may be a draft so long as the amount to be distributed has been finalized) to be (subject only to the lapse of time for a period not to exceed 30 days from the date of such schedule or statement) irrevocably distributed, directly or indirectly, to an Obligor on the next payment date or similar distribution date for such CLO or other Excluded Asset.

 

Senior Secured Credit Agreement

 

 

- 2 -

 

Adjusted Term SOFR Rate” means, with respect to any Term Benchmark Borrowing denominated in Dollars for any Interest Period, an interest rate per annum equal to (a) the Term SOFR Rate for such Interest Period, plus (b) 0.10%; provided that if the Adjusted Term SOFR Rate as so determined would be less than the Floor, such rate shall be deemed to be equal to the Floor for the purposes of this Agreement.

 

Adjusted TIBOR Rate” means, with respect to any Term Benchmark Borrowing denominated in Yen for any Interest Period, an interest rate per annum equal to (a) the TIBOR Rate for such Interest Period multiplied by (b) the Statutory Reserve Rate; provided that if the Adjusted TIBOR Rate as so determined would be less than the Floor, such rate shall be deemed to be equal to the Floor for the purposes of this Agreement.

 

Administrative Agent” means JPMCB, in its capacity as administrative agent for the Lenders hereunder.

 

Administrative Agent’s Account” means, for each Currency, an account in respect of such Currency designated by the Administrative Agent in a notice to the Borrower and the Lenders.

 

Administrative Questionnaire” means an Administrative Questionnaire in a form supplied by the Administrative Agent.

 

Advance Rate” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.13.

 

Affected Financial Institution” means (a) any EEA Financial Institution or (b) any UK Financial Institution.

 

Affiliate” means, with respect to a specified Person, another Person that directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, Controls or is Controlled by or is under common Control with the Person specified. Anything herein to the contrary notwithstanding, the term “Affiliate” shall not include any Person that constitutes an Investment held by any Obligor in the ordinary course of business.

 

Affiliate Agreements” means collectively, (a) the Investment Advisory and Management Agreement, dated as of November 22, 2022, between the Borrower and Ares Capital Management, (b) the Administration Agreement, dated as of November 22, 2022, between the Borrower and Ares Operations LLC, (c) the Intermediary Manager Agreement, to be between the Borrower and Ares Wealth Management Solutions, LLC, (d) the Expense Support and Conditional Reimbursement Agreement, dated as of November 22, 2022, between the Borrower and Ares Capital Management, and (e) the Trademark License Agreement, dated as of November 22, 2022 between the Borrower and Ares Management LLC.

 

Agreed Foreign Currency” means, at any time, any of AUD, CAD, CHF, EUR, GBP, SEK, Yen and, with the agreement of each Multicurrency Lender and Multicurrency Issuing Bank, any other Foreign Currency, so long as, in respect of any such specified Foreign Currency or other Foreign Currency, at such time (a) such Foreign Currency is readily available, freely transferable and not restricted and able to be converted into Dollars, and (b) no central bank or other governmental authorization in the country of issue of such Foreign Currency (including, in the case of the Euro, any authorization by the European Central Bank) is required to permit use of such Foreign Currency by any Multicurrency Lender for making any Loan hereunder or to permit any Issuing Bank to issue (or to make payment under) any Letter of Credit denominated in such Foreign Currency and/or to permit the Borrower to borrow and repay the principal thereof and to pay the interest thereon (or to repay any LC Disbursement under a Letter of Credit denominated in such Foreign Currency), unless such authorization has been obtained and is in full force and effect.

 

Senior Secured Credit Agreement

 

 

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Alternate Base Rate” means, for any day, a rate per annum equal to the greatest of (a) the Prime Rate in effect on such day, (b) the NYFRB Rate in effect on such day plus ½ of 1% and (c) the Adjusted Term SOFR Rate for a one month Interest Period as published two U.S. Government Securities Business Days prior to such day (or if such day is not a U.S. Government Securities Business Day, the immediately preceding U.S. Government Securities Business Day) plus 1%; provided that for the purpose of this definition, the Adjusted Term SOFR Rate for any day shall be based on the Term SOFR Reference Rate at approximately 5:00 a.m. Chicago time on such day (or any amended publication time for the Term SOFR Reference Rate, as specified by the CME Term SOFR Administrator in the Term SOFR Reference Rate methodology). Any change in the Alternate Base Rate due to a change in the Prime Rate, the NYFRB Rate or the Adjusted Term SOFR Rate shall be effective from and including the effective date of such change in the Prime Rate, the NYFRB Rate or the Adjusted Term SOFR Rate, respectively. If the Alternate Base Rate is being used as an alternate rate of interest pursuant to ‎Section 2.12 (for the avoidance of doubt, only until the Benchmark Replacement has been determined pursuant to ‎Section 2.12(b)), then the Alternate Base Rate shall be the greater of clauses (a) and (b) above and shall be determined without reference to clause (c) above. For the avoidance of doubt, if the Alternate Base Rate as determined pursuant to the foregoing would be less than 1%, such rate shall be deemed to be 1% for purposes of this Agreement.

 

Anti-Corruption Laws” means the United States Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder, and all other all laws, rules, and regulations of any jurisdiction applicable to the Borrower or its Subsidiaries from time to time concerning or relating to money laundering, bribery or corruption.

 

Applicable Dollar Percentage” means, with respect to any Dollar Lender, the percentage of the total Dollar Commitments represented by such Lender’s Dollar Commitment. If the Dollar Commitments have terminated or expired, the Applicable Dollar Percentages shall be determined based upon the Dollar Commitments most recently in effect, giving effect to any assignments.

 

Applicable Margin” means, for any day, (a) (i) if the Gross Borrowing Base (as of the most recently delivered Borrowing Base Certificate) is equal to or greater than 1.60 times the Combined Debt Amount, (A) with respect to any ABR Loan, 0.75% and (B) in the case of any Term Benchmark Loan or RFR Loan, 1.75%, and (ii) if the Gross Borrowing Base (as of the most recently delivered Borrowing Base Certificate) is less than 1.60 times the Combined Debt Amount, (A) with respect to any ABR Loan, 0.875%, and (B) in the case of any Term Benchmark Loan, or RFR Loan 1.875%, and (b) with respect to the commitment fees payable under Section 2.10(a) hereunder, 0.375%. Any change in the Applicable Margin due to a change in the ratio of the Gross Borrowing Base to the Combined Debt Amount as set forth in any Borrowing Base Certificate shall be effective from and including the day immediately succeeding the date of delivery of such Borrowing Base Certificate; provided that if any Borrowing Base Certificate has not been delivered in accordance with Section 5.01(d), then from and including the day immediately succeeding the date on which such Borrowing Base Certificate was required to be delivered, the Applicable Margin shall be the Applicable Margin set forth in clause (b) above to and including the date on which the required Borrowing Base Certificate is delivered.

 

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Applicable Multicurrency Percentage” means, with respect to any Multicurrency Lender, the percentage of the total Multicurrency Commitments represented by such Lender’s Multicurrency Commitment. If the Multicurrency Commitments have terminated or expired, the Applicable Multicurrency Percentages shall be determined based upon the Multicurrency Commitments most recently in effect, giving effect to any assignments.

 

Applicable Percentage” means, with respect to any Lender, the percentage of the total Commitments of such Lender. If the Commitments have terminated or expired, the Applicable Percentages previously based on such Commitments shall be determined based upon the existing Revolving Credit Exposure.

 

Approved Dealer” means (a) in the case of any Portfolio Investment that is not a U.S. Government Security, a bank or a broker-dealer registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 of nationally recognized standing or an Affiliate thereof, (b) in the case of a U.S. Government Security, any primary dealer in U.S. Government Securities, and (c) in the case of any foreign Portfolio Investment, any foreign broker-dealer of internationally recognized standing or an Affiliate thereof, in the case of each of clauses (a), (b) and (c) above, as set forth on Schedule VII or any other bank or broker-dealer acceptable to the Administrative Agent in its reasonable determination.

 

Approved Pricing Service” means a pricing or quotation service as set forth in Schedule VII or any other pricing or quotation service approved by the board of trustees of the Borrower and designated in writing to the Administrative Agent (which designation shall be accompanied by a copy of a resolution of the board of trustees of the Borrower that such pricing or quotation service has been approved by the Borrower).

 

Approved Third Party Appraiser” means each of (a) Houlihan Lokey Howard & Zukin Inc., (b) Lincoln International LLC (formerly known as Lincoln Partners LLC), (c) Kroll, LLC (formerly known as Duff & Phelps Corporation), (d) Valuation Research Corporation, (e) Murray, Devine and Company and (f) any other third party appraiser selected by the Borrower in its reasonable discretion.

 

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Ares Capital Management” means Ares Capital Management LLC, a Delaware Limited Liability Company.

 

Asset Coverage Ratio” means the ratio, determined on a consolidated basis, without duplication, in accordance with GAAP, of (a) the value of total assets of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, less all liabilities (other than outstanding Indebtedness, including outstanding Indebtedness hereunder) of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, to (b) the aggregate amount of Indebtedness of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries. For the purposes of calculating the Asset Coverage Ratio, Indebtedness of an SBIC Subsidiary outstanding as of the date of such calculation shall be excluded from the calculation of Asset Coverage Ratio to the extent and in the manner that such Indebtedness may be excluded from the asset coverage requirements of sections 18(a) and 61(d) of the Investment Company Act pursuant to an effective exemptive order issued by the US Securities and Exchange Commission.

 

Assignment and Assumption” means an Assignment and Assumption entered into by a Lender and an assignee (with the consent of any party whose consent is required by Section 9.04), and accepted by the Administrative Agent, in the form of Exhibit A or any other form approved by the Administrative Agent.

 

Assuming Lender” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.07(e).

 

AUD” and “A$” denote the lawful currency of The Commonwealth of Australia.

 

AUD Rate” means for any Loans or LC Disbursement in AUD, the (a) AUD Screen Rate plus (b) 0.20%.

 

AUD Screen Rate” means, with respect to any Interest Period, the average bid reference rate administered by ASX Benchmarks Pty Limited (ACN 616 075 417) (or any other Person that takes over the administration of such rate) for AUD bills of exchange with a tenor equal in length to such Interest Period as displayed on page BBSY of the Reuters screen (or, in the event such rate does not appear on such Reuters page, on any successor or substitute page on such screen that displays such rate, or on the appropriate page of such other information service that publishes such rate as shall be selected by the Administrative Agent from time to time in its reasonable discretion) at or about 11:00 a.m. (Sydney, Australia time) on the first day of such Interest Period. If the AUD Screen Rate shall be less than the Floor, the AUD Screen Rate shall be deemed to be the Floor for purposes of this Agreement.

 

Availability Period” means, with respect to any Commitments, the period from and including the Effective Date to but excluding the earlier of the Commitment Termination Date and the date of termination of such Commitments.

 

Senior Secured Credit Agreement

 

 

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Available Tenor” means, as of any date of determination and with respect to the then-current Benchmark, as applicable, any tenor for such Benchmark or payment period for interest calculated with reference to such Benchmark (or component thereof, as applicable, that is or may be used for determining the length of an Interest Period for any term rate or otherwise, for determining any frequency of making payments of interest calculated pursuant to this Agreement as of such date and not including, for the avoidance of doubt, any tenor for such Benchmark that is then-removed from the definition of “Interest Period” pursuant to clause (e) of Section 2.12.

 

Bail-In Action” means the exercise of any Write-Down and Conversion Powers by the applicable Resolution Authority in respect of any liability of an Affected Financial Institution.

 

Bail-In Legislation” means (a) with respect to any EEA Member Country implementing Article 55 of Directive 2014/59/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of the European Union, the implementing law, regulation rule or requirement for such EEA Member Country from time to time which is described in the EU Bail-In Legislation Schedule and (b) with respect to the United Kingdom, Part I of the United Kingdom Banking Act 2009 (as amended from time to time) and any other law, regulation or rule applicable in the United Kingdom relating to the resolution of unsound or failing banks, investment firms or other financial institutions or their affiliates (other than through liquidation, administration or other insolvency proceedings).

 

Basel III” means the agreements on capital requirements, leverage ratio and liquidity standards contained in “Basel III: A global regulatory framework for more resilient banks and banking systems”, “Basel III: International framework for liquidity risk measurement, standards and monitoring” and “Guidance for national authorities operating the countercyclical capital buffer” published by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision on 16 December 2010, each as amended, supplemented or restated.

 

Benchmark” means, initially, with respect to any (i) RFR Loan in any Agreed Foreign Currency, the applicable Relevant Rate for such Agreed Foreign Currency or (ii) Term Benchmark Loan in Dollars or any Agreed Foreign Currency, the applicable Relevant Rate for Dollars or such Agreed Foreign Currency; provided that if a Benchmark Transition Event and its related Benchmark Replacement Date have occurred with respect to the applicable Relevant Rate or the then-current Benchmark, then “Benchmark” for such Currency means the applicable Benchmark Replacement to the extent that such Benchmark Replacement has replaced such prior benchmark rate pursuant to clause (b) of Section 2.12.

 

Senior Secured Credit Agreement

 

 

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Benchmark Replacement” means, for any Available Tenor, the first alternative set forth in the order below that can be determined by the Administrative Agent for the applicable Benchmark Replacement Date; provided that, in the case of any Loan denominated in a Currency other than Dollars, “Benchmark Replacement” shall mean the alternative set forth in (2) below:

 

(1) in the case of any Loan denominated in Dollars, the sum of: (a) Daily Simple SOFR and (b) 0.10%, or

 

(2)  the sum of: (a) the alternate benchmark rate that has been selected by the Administrative Agent and the Borrower as the replacement for the then-current Benchmark for the applicable Corresponding Tenor giving due consideration to (i) any selection or recommendation of a replacement benchmark rate or the mechanism for determining such a rate by the Relevant Governmental Body or (ii) any evolving or then-prevailing market convention for determining a benchmark rate as a replacement for the then-current Benchmark for syndicated credit facilities denominated in the applicable Currency at such time and (b) the related Benchmark Replacement Adjustment;

 

If the Benchmark Replacement as determined pursuant to clause (1) or (2) above would be less than the Floor, the Benchmark Replacement will be deemed to be the Floor for the purposes of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents.

 

Benchmark Replacement Adjustment” means, with respect to any replacement of the then-current Benchmark with an Unadjusted Benchmark Replacement for any applicable Interest Period and Available Tenor for any setting of such Unadjusted Benchmark Replacement, the spread adjustment, or method for calculating or determining such spread adjustment, (which may be a positive or negative value or zero) that has been selected by the Administrative Agent and the Borrower for the applicable Corresponding Tenor giving due consideration to (i) any selection or recommendation of a spread adjustment, or method for calculating or determining such spread adjustment, for the replacement of such Benchmark with the applicable Unadjusted Benchmark Replacement by the Relevant Governmental Body on the applicable Benchmark Replacement Date and/or (ii) any evolving or then-prevailing market convention for determining a spread adjustment, or method for calculating or determining such spread adjustment, for the replacement of such Benchmark with the applicable Unadjusted Benchmark Replacement for syndicated credit facilities denominated in the applicable Agreed Foreign Currency at such time.

 

Benchmark Replacement Conforming Changes” ” means, with respect to any Benchmark Replacement and/or any Term Benchmark Loan denominated in Dollars, any technical, administrative or operational changes (including changes to the definition of “Alternate Base Rate,” the definition of “Business Day,” the definition of “U.S. Government Securities Business Day,” the definition of “RFR Business Day,” the definition of “Interest Period,” timing and frequency of determining rates and making payments of interest, timing of borrowing requests or prepayment, conversion or continuation notices, length of lookback periods, the applicability of breakage provisions, and other technical, administrative or operational matters) that the Administrative Agent decides may be appropriate to reflect the adoption and implementation of such Benchmark and to permit the administration thereof by the Administrative Agent in a manner substantially consistent with market practice (or, if the Administrative Agent decides that adoption of any portion of such market practice is not administratively feasible or if the Administrative Agent determines that no market practice for the administration of such Benchmark exists, in such other manner of administration as the Administrative Agent decides is reasonably necessary in connection with the administration of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents).

 

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Benchmark Replacement Date” means, with respect to any Benchmark, the earliest to occur of the following events with respect to such then-current Benchmark:

 

(1) in the case of clause (1) or (2) of the definition of “Benchmark Transition Event,” the later of (a) the date of the public statement or publication of information referenced therein and (b) the date on which the administrator of such Benchmark (or the published component used in the calculation thereof) permanently or indefinitely ceases to provide all Available Tenors of such Benchmark (or such component thereof); or

 

(2) in the case of clause (3) of the definition of “Benchmark Transition Event,” the first date on which such Benchmark (or the published component used in the calculation thereof) has been determined and announced by the regulatory supervisor for the administrator of such Benchmark (or such component thereof) to be no longer representative; provided, that such non-representativeness will be determined by reference to the most recent statement or publication referenced in such clause (c) and even if any Available Tenor of such Benchmark (or such component thereof) continues to be provided on such date.

 

For the avoidance of doubt, (i) if the event giving rise to the Benchmark Replacement Date occurs on the same day as, but earlier than, the Reference Time in respect of any determination, the Benchmark Replacement Date will be deemed to have occurred prior to the Reference Time for such determination and (ii) the “Benchmark Replacement Date” will be deemed to have occurred in the case of clause (1) or (2) with respect to any Benchmark upon the occurrence of the applicable event or events set forth therein with respect to all then-current Available Tenors of such Benchmark (or the published component used in the calculation thereof).

 

Benchmark Transition Event” means, with respect to any Benchmark, the occurrence of one or more of the following events with respect to such then-current Benchmark:

 

(1) a public statement or publication of information by or on behalf of the administrator of such Benchmark (or the published component used in the calculation thereof) announcing that such administrator has ceased or will cease to provide all Available Tenors of such Benchmark (or such component thereof), permanently or indefinitely, provided that, at the time of such statement or publication, there is no successor administrator that will continue to provide any Available Tenor of such Benchmark (or such component thereof);

 

(2) a public statement or publication of information by the regulatory supervisor for the administrator of such Benchmark (or the published component used in the calculation thereof), the Federal Reserve Board, the NYFRB, the CME Term SOFR Administrator, the central bank for the Currency applicable to such Benchmark, an insolvency official with jurisdiction over the administrator for such Benchmark (or such component), a resolution authority with jurisdiction over the administrator for such Benchmark (or such component) or a court or an entity with similar insolvency or resolution authority over the administrator for such Benchmark (or such component), in each case which states that the administrator of such Benchmark (or such component) has ceased or will cease to provide all Available Tenors of such Benchmark (or such component thereof) permanently or indefinitely; provided that, at the time of such statement or publication, there is no successor administrator that will continue to provide any Available Tenor of such Benchmark (or such component thereof); or

 

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(3) a public statement or publication of information by the regulatory supervisor for the administrator of such Benchmark (or the published component used in the calculation thereof) announcing that all Available Tenors of such Benchmark (or such component thereof) are no longer, or as of a specified future date will no longer be, representative.

 

For the avoidance of doubt, a “Benchmark Transition Event” will be deemed to have occurred with respect to any Benchmark if a public statement or publication of information set forth above has occurred with respect to each then-current Available Tenor of such Benchmark (or the published component used in the calculation thereof).

 

Benchmark Unavailability Period” means, with respect to any Benchmark, the period (if any) (x) beginning at the time that a Benchmark Replacement Date pursuant to clauses (1) or (2) of that definition has occurred if, at such time, no Benchmark Replacement has replaced such then-current Benchmark for all purposes hereunder and under any Loan Document in accordance with Section 2.12 and (y) ending at the time that a Benchmark Replacement has replaced such then-current Benchmark for all purposes hereunder and under any Loan Document in accordance with Section 2.12.

 

BHC Act Affiliate” of a party means an “affiliate’ (as such term is defined under, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 U.S.C. 1841(k)) of such party.

 

Board” means the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System of the United States of America.

 

Borrower” means Ares Strategic Income Fund, a Delaware statutory trust.

 

Borrowing” means (a) all ABR Loans of the same Class made, converted or continued on the same date, (b) all Term Benchmark Loans of the same Class denominated in the same Currency that have the same Interest Period, (c) all RFR Loans of the same Class denominated in the same Currency that have the same Interest Period and/or (d) a Pro-Rata Borrowing, as applicable.

 

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Borrowing Base” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.13.

 

Borrowing Base Certificate” means a certificate of a Financial Officer of the Borrower, substantially in the form of Exhibit E and appropriately completed.

 

Borrowing Base Deficiency” means, at any date on which the same is determined, the amount, if any, that (a) the aggregate Covered Debt Amount as of such date exceeds (b) the Borrowing Base as of such date.

 

Borrowing Request” means a request by the Borrower for a Borrowing in accordance with Section 2.03 substantially in the form of Exhibit F.

 

Business Day” means, any day (other than a Saturday or a Sunday) on which banks are open for business in New York City or Chicago; provided that, (a) in relation to Loans denominated in Dollars, any U.S. Government Securities Business Day, (b) in relation to Loans denominated in GBP, any day (other than a Saturday or a Sunday) on which banks are open for business in London, (c) in relation to any Loan denominated in a Local Rate Currency, any day (other than a Saturday or a Sunday) on which the central bank responsible for administering such Currency is open for business, as determined by the Administrative Agent in its reasonable discretion, (d) in relation to Loans denominated in Euros and in relation to the calculation or computation of EURIBOR, any day which is a TARGET Day, (e) in relation to Loans denominated in Yen and in relation to the calculation or computation of TIBOR, the Japanese Prime Rate or Daily Simple TONAR, any day (other than a Saturday or a Sunday) on which banks are open for business in Japan and (f) in relation to RFR Loans and any interest rate settings, fundings, disbursements, settlements or payments of any such RFR Loan, or any other dealings in the applicable Agreed Foreign Currency of such RFR Loan, any such day that is only an RFR Business Day.

 

CAD” and “C$” denote the lawful currency of Canada.

 

CAD Screen Rate” has the meaning assigned to such term in the definition of “CDOR Rate”.

 

Canadian Prime Rate” means, on any day, the rate determined by the Administrative Agent to be the higher of (i) the rate equal to the PRIMCAN Index rate that appears on the Bloomberg screen at 10:15 a.m. Toronto time on such day (or, in the event that the PRIMCAN Index is not published by Bloomberg, any other information services that publishes such index from time to time, as selected by the Administrative Agent in its reasonable discretion) and (ii) the average rate for thirty (30) day Canadian Dollar bankers’ acceptances that appears on the Reuters Screen CDOR Page (or, in the event such rate does not appear on such page or screen, on any successor or substitute page or screen that displays such rate, or on the appropriate page of such other information service that publishes such rate from time to time, as selected by the Administrative Agent in its reasonable discretion) at 10:15 a.m. Toronto time on such day, plus 1% per annum; provided, that if any the above rates shall be less than 1%, such rate shall be deemed to be 1% for purposes of this Agreement. Any change in the Canadian Prime Rate due to a change in the PRIMCAN Index or the CDOR shall be effective from and including the effective date of such change in the PRIMCAN Index or CDOR, respectively.

 

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Capital Lease Obligations” of any Person means the obligations of such Person to pay rent or other amounts under any lease of (or other arrangement conveying the right to use) real or personal property, or a combination thereof, which obligations are required to be classified and accounted for as capital leases on a balance sheet of such Person under GAAP, and the amount of such obligations shall be the capitalized amount thereof determined in accordance with GAAP.

 

Capital Stock” of any Person means any and all shares of corporate stock (however designated) of, and any and all other Equity Interests and participations representing ownership interests (including membership interests and limited liability company interests) in, such Person.

 

Cash” means any immediately available funds in Dollars or in any currency other than Dollars which is a freely convertible currency.

 

Cash Equivalents” means investments (other than Cash) that are one or more of the following obligations:

 

(a)            U.S. Government Securities, in each case maturing within one year from the date of acquisition thereof;

 

(b)            investments in commercial paper or other short-term corporate obligations maturing within 270 days from the date of acquisition thereof and having, at such date of acquisition, a credit rating of at least A-1 from S&P and at least P-1 from Moody’s;

 

(c)            investments in certificates of deposit, banker’s acceptances and time deposits maturing within 180 days from the date of acquisition thereof (i) issued or guaranteed by or placed with, and money market deposit accounts issued or offered by, any domestic office of any commercial bank organized under the laws of the United States of America or any State thereof or under the laws of the jurisdiction or any constituent jurisdiction thereof of any Agreed Foreign Currency, provided that such certificates of deposit, banker’s acceptances and time deposits are held in a securities account (as defined in the Uniform Commercial Code) through which the Collateral Agent can perfect a security interest therein and (ii) having, at such date of acquisition, a credit rating of at least A-1 from S&P and at least P-1 from Moody’s;

 

(d)            fully collateralized repurchase agreements with a term of not more than 30 days from the date of acquisition thereof for U.S. Government Securities and entered into with (i) a financial institution satisfying the criteria described in clause (c) of this definition or (ii) an Approved Dealer having (or being a member of a consolidated group having) at such date of acquisition, a credit rating of at least A-1 from S&P and at least P-1 from Moody’s;

 

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(e)            a Reinvestment Agreement issued by any bank (if treated as a deposit by such bank), or a Reinvestment Agreement issued by any insurance company or other corporation or entity, in each case, at the date of such acquisition having a credit rating of at least A-1 from S&P and at least P-1 from Moody’s; provided that such Reinvestment Agreement may be unwound at the option of the Borrower at any time without penalty;

 

(f)             money market funds that have, at all times, credit ratings of “Aaa” and “MR1+” by Moody’s and “AAAm” or “AAAm-G” by S&P, respectively; and

 

(g)            any of the following offered by U.S. Bank National Association (or any successor custodian or other entity acting in a similar capacity with respect to the Borrower) (I) money market deposit accounts, (II) eurodollar time deposits, (III) commercial eurodollar sweep services or (IV) open commercial paper services, in each case having, at such date of acquisition, a credit rating of at least A-1 from S&P and at least P-1 from Moody’s and maturing not later than 270 days from the date of acquisition thereof,

 

provided, that (i) in no event shall Cash Equivalents include any obligation that provides for the payment of interest alone (for example, interest-only securities or “IOs”); (ii) if any of Moody’s or S&P changes its rating system, then any ratings included in this definition shall be deemed to be an equivalent rating in a successor rating category of Moody’s or S&P, as the case may be; (iii) Cash Equivalents (other than U.S. Government Securities or repurchase agreements) shall not include any such investment of more than 10% of total assets of the Obligors in any single issuer; and (iv) in no event shall Cash Equivalents include any obligation that is not denominated in Dollars or an Agreed Foreign Currency.

 

CBR Loan” means a Loan that bears interest at a rate determined by reference to the Central Bank Rate.

 

CBR Spread” means the Applicable Margin, applicable to such Loan that is replaced by a CBR Loan.

 

CDOR Ratemeans, on any day and for any period, an annual rate of interest equal to the average rate applicable to CAD bankers’ acceptances for the applicable period that appears on the Reuters Screen CDOR Page (or, in the event such rate does not appear on such page or screen, on any successor or substitute page or screen that displays such rate, or on the appropriate page of such other information service that publishes such rate from time to time, as selected by the Administrative Agent in its reasonable discretion), rounded to the nearest 1/100th of 1% (with .005% being rounded up), at approximately 10:15 a.m. Toronto time on such day, or if such day is not a Business Day, then on the immediately preceding Business Day (the “CAD Screen Rate”); provided that if such CAD Screen Rate shall be less than zero, such rate shall be deemed to be zero for purposes of this Agreement.

 

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Central Bank Rate” means, (A) the greater of (i) for any Loan denominated in (a) Sterling, the Bank of England (or any successor thereto)’s “Bank Rate” as published by the Bank of England (or any successor thereto) from time to time, (b) Euro, one of the following three rates as may be selected by the Administrative Agent in its reasonable discretion: (1) the fixed rate for the main refinancing operations of the European Central Bank (or any successor thereto), or, if that rate is not published, the minimum bid rate for the main refinancing operations of the European Central Bank (or any successor thereto), each as published by the European Central Bank (or any successor thereto) from time to time, (2) the rate for the marginal lending facility of the European Central Bank (or any successor thereto), as published by the European Central Bank (or any successor thereto) from time to time or (3) the rate for the deposit facility of the central banking system of the Participating Member States, as published by the European Central Bank (or any successor thereto) from time to time, (c) CHF, the policy rate of the Swiss National Bank (or any successor thereto) as published by the Swiss National Bank (or any successor thereto) from time to time and (d) any other Agreed Foreign Currency, a central bank rate as determined by the Administrative Agent in its reasonable discretion and (ii) 0% ; plus (B) the applicable Central Bank Rate Adjustment; provided that if the Central Bank Rate as determined above shall be less than 0.00%, such rate shall be deemed to be 0.00%.

 

Central Bank Rate Adjustment” means, for any day, for any Loan denominated in (a) Euro, a rate equal to the difference (which may be a positive or negative value or zero) of (i) the average of the Adjusted EURIBOR Rate for the five most recent Business Days preceding such day for which the EURIBOR Screen Rate was available (excluding, from such averaging, the highest and the lowest EURIBOR Rate applicable during such period of five Business Days) minus (ii) the Central Bank Rate in respect of Euro in effect on the last Business Day in such period, (b) Sterling, a rate equal to the difference (which may be a positive or negative value or zero) of (i) the average of Adjusted Daily Simple RFR for Sterling Borrowings for the five most recent RFR Business Days preceding such day for which SONIA was available (excluding, from such averaging, the highest and the lowest Adjusted Daily Simple RFR applicable during such period of five RFR Business Days) minus (ii) the Central Bank Rate in respect of Sterling in effect on the last RFR Business Day in such period, (c) CHF, a rate equal to the difference (which may be a positive or a negative value or zero) of (i) the average of SARON for the five most recent RFR Business Days preceding such day for which SARON was available (excluding, from such averaging, the highest and the lowest SARON applicable during such period of five RFR Business Days) minus (ii) the Central Bank Rate, in respect of CHF in effect on the last RFR Business day in such period and (d) any other Agreed Foreign Currency, a Central Bank Rate Adjustment as determined by the Administrative Agent in its reasonable discretion. For purposes of this definition, (x) the term Central Bank Rate shall be determined disregarding clause (B) of the definition of such term and (y) the EURIBOR Rate on any day shall be based on the EURIBOR Screen Rate, on such day at approximately the time referred to in the definition of such term for deposits in the applicable Agreed Foreign Currency for a maturity of one month; provided that if such rate shall be less than 0.00%, such rate shall be deemed to be 0.00%.

 

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Change in Control” means (a) the acquisition of ownership, directly or indirectly, beneficially or of record, by any Person or group (within the meaning of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission thereunder as in effect on the Effective Date), of shares representing more than 35% of the aggregate ordinary voting power represented by the issued and outstanding Capital Stock of the Borrower; (b) occupation of a majority of the seats (other than vacant seats) on the board of trustees of the Borrower by Persons who were neither (i) nominated by the requisite members of the board of trustees of the Borrower nor (ii) appointed by a majority of the members of the board of trustees of the Borrower so nominated; or (c) the acquisition of direct or indirect Control of the Borrower by any Person or group other than Ares Capital Management or any Affiliate of Ares Capital Management that is organized under the laws of a jurisdiction located in the United States of America and in the business of managing or advising clients.

 

Change in Law” means (a) the adoption of any law, rule or regulation after the Effective Date, (b) any change in any law, rule or regulation or in the interpretation or application thereof by any Governmental Authority after the Effective Date or (c) compliance by any Lender or any Issuing Bank (or, for purposes of Section 2.13(b), by any lending office of such Lender or by such Lender’s or such Issuing Bank’s holding company, if any) with any request, guideline or directive (whether or not having the force of law) of any Governmental Authority made or issued after the Effective Date; provided that, notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, (i) the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and all requests, rules, guidelines, requirements or directives thereunder or issued in connection therewith or in implementation thereof and (ii) all requests, rules, guidelines, requirements or directives promulgated by the Bank for International Settlements, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (or any successor or similar authority) or the United States or foreign regulatory authorities, in each case pursuant to Basel III, shall in each case be deemed to be a “Change in Law”.

 

CHF” means the lawful currency of the Swiss Confederation.

 

Class”, when used in reference to any Loan or Borrowing, refers to whether such Loan, or the Loans constituting such Borrowing, whether such Loan, or the Loans constituting such Borrowing, are Dollar Loans or Multicurrency Loans; when used in reference to any Lender, refers to whether such Lender is a Dollar Lender or a Multicurrency Lender; and, when used in reference to any Commitment, refers to whether such Commitment is a Dollar Commitment or Multicurrency Commitment, and when used in reference to LC Exposure, refers to whether such LC Exposure is a Dollar LC Exposure or Multicurrency LC Exposure.

 

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CME Term SOFR Administrator” means CME Group Benchmark Administration Limited as administrator of the forward-looking term Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) (or a successor administrator).

 

Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

 

Collateral” has the meaning assigned to such term in the Guarantee and Security Agreement.

 

Collateral Agent” means JPMCB in its capacity as Collateral Agent under the Guarantee and Security Agreement, and includes any successor Collateral Agent thereunder.

 

Collateral Pool” means, at any time, each Portfolio Investment that has been Delivered (as defined in the Guarantee and Security Agreement) to the Collateral Agent and is subject to the Lien of the Guaranty and Security Agreement, and then only for so long as such Portfolio Investment continues to be Delivered as contemplated therein and in which the Collateral Agent has a first-priority perfected Lien as security for the Secured Obligations (subject to any Lien permitted by Section 6.02 hereof), provided that in the case of any Portfolio Investment in which the Collateral Agent has a first-priority perfected security interest pursuant to a valid Uniform Commercial Code filing (and for which no other method of perfection with a higher priority is possible), such Portfolio Investment may be included in the Borrowing Base so long as all remaining actions to complete “Delivery” are satisfied in full within 7 days of such inclusion.

 

Combined Debt Amount” means, as of any date, (i) the greater of (A) the sum of the aggregate amount of Revolving Credit Exposures of all Lenders as of such date and (B) 85% of the sum of the aggregate amount of Commitments as of such date (or, if greater, the Revolving Credit Exposures of all Lenders as of such date) as of such date plus (ii) the aggregate amount of outstanding Designated Indebtedness and, without duplication, unused Designated Indebtedness Commitments (as each such term is defined in the Guarantee and Security Agreement).

 

Commitment” means, collectively, the Dollar Commitments and the Multicurrency Commitments.

 

Commitment Increase” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.07(e).

 

Commitment Increase Date” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.07(e).

 

Commitment Termination Date” means December 20, 2026.

 

Commodity Exchange Act” means the Commodity Exchange Act (7 U.S.C. § 1 et seq.), as amended from time to time, and any successor statute.

 

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Concurrent Transactions” means, with respect to any proposed action or transaction hereunder, (a) any acquisition or sale of Portfolio Investments or other property or assets, (b) any payment of outstanding Loans, cash collateralization of Letters of Credit as contemplated by Section 2.04(k), or payment of other Indebtedness that is included in the Covered Debt Amount, (c) any return of capital or other distribution or receipt of cash from any Investment, (d) any incurrence of Indebtedness and the use of proceeds thereof, (e) any sale of Equity Interests by the Borrower, and (f) any pro forma adjustments related to any of the actions or transactions described in the foregoing clauses (a) through (e), in each case, (x) that occurs substantially simultaneously with (and in any event within twenty-four (24) hours of) such proposed action or transaction and (y) is evidenced by a current Borrowing Base Certificate delivered by the Borrower (which may include any activities permitted to be included under clause (x) above).

 

Control” means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management or policies of a Person, whether through the ability to exercise voting power, by contract or otherwise. “Controlling” and “Controlled” have meanings correlative thereto.

 

Controlled Foreign Corporation” means any Subsidiary which is (i) a “controlled foreign corporation” (within the meaning of Section 957 of the Code), (ii) a subsidiary substantially all the assets of which consist of equity in Subsidiaries described in clause (i) of this definition, or (iii) an entity treated as disregarded for U.S. federal income tax purposes whose sole assets are voting stock of a Subsidiary described in clause (i) or (ii) of this definition.

 

Corresponding Tenorwith respect to any Available Tenor means, as applicable, either a tenor (including overnight) or an interest payment period having approximately the same length (disregarding business day adjustment) as such Available Tenor.

 

Covered Debt Amount” means, on any date and without duplication, (a) all of the Revolving Credit Exposures of all Lenders on such date plus (b) the aggregate amount of outstanding Permitted Indebtedness on such date plus (c) all Special Longer Term Unsecured Indebtedness plus (d) the aggregate amount of any Indebtedness incurred pursuant to Sections 6.01(g), 6.01(i), 6.01(j) and 6.01(l) minus (d) the LC Exposures fully cash collateralized on such date pursuant to Section 2.04(k) and the last paragraph of Section 2.08(a); provided that the aggregate principal amount of all Unsecured Indebtedness, Special Longer Term Unsecured Indebtedness (other than Excess Special Longer Term Unsecured Indebtedness), and 50% of all then outstanding Shorter Term Unsecured Indebtedness (including, for the avoidance of doubt, Excess Special Longer Term Unsecured Indebtedness) shall be excluded from the calculation of the Covered Debt Amount, in each case, to the extent then outstanding, until the date that is 9 months prior to the scheduled maturity date of such Unsecured Indebtedness, Special Longer Term Unsecured Indebtedness, or Shorter Term Unsecured Indebtedness (including, for the avoidance of doubt, Excess Special Longer Term Unsecured Indebtedness), as applicable, provided, that to the extent, but only to the extent, any portion of Unsecured Indebtedness, Special Longer Term Unsecured Indebtedness, or Shorter Term Unsecured Indebtedness (including, for the avoidance of doubt, Excess Special Longer Term Unsecured Indebtedness) referred to in clause (xi) above is subject to a contractually scheduled amortization payment, other principal payment or redemption earlier than 6 months after the Maturity Date (in the case of Unsecured Indebtedness), or earlier than the original final maturity date of such Indebtedness (in the case of Special Longer Term Unsecured Indebtedness or Shorter Term Unsecured Indebtedness), all of such portion of such Indebtedness, to the extent then outstanding, shall be included in the calculation of the Covered Debt Amount beginning upon the date that is the later of (i) 9 months prior to such scheduled amortization payment, other principal payment or redemption and (ii) the date the Borrower becomes aware that such Indebtedness is required to be paid or redeemed. For the avoidance of doubt, for purposes of calculating the Covered Debt Amount, any convertible securities will be included at the then outstanding principal balance thereof.

 

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Covered Entity” means any of the following:

 

(i)a “covered entity” as that term is defined in, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. § 252.82(b);

 

(ii)a “covered bank” as that term is defined in, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. § 47.3(b); or

 

(iii)a “covered FSI” as that term is defined in, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. § 382.2(b).

 

Covered Party” has the meaning assigned to it in Section 9.18.

 

Credit Party” means the Administrative Agent, each Issuing Bank, or any other Lender.

 

Currency” means Dollars or any Agreed Foreign Currency.

 

Custodian Agreement” means the Custodian Agreement dated as of October 5, 2022, between the Borrower and U.S. Bank National Association.

 

Daily Simple ESTR” means, with respect to any Swingline Loan requested in Euros for any Business Day, an interest rate per annum equal to the greater of (a) ESTR based on the published rate of ESTR as of the Business Day of such request and (b) 0%. Any change in Daily Simple ESTR due to a change in the applicable ESTR shall be effective from and including the effective date of such change in the ESTR without notice.

 

Daily Simple RFRmeans, for any day (an “RFR Interest Day”), an interest rate per annum equal to, for any RFR Loan (i) denominated in Sterling (other than Swingline Loans), SONIA for the day that is 5 RFR Business Days prior to (A) if such RFR Interest Day is an RFR Business Day, such RFR Interest Day or (B) if such RFR Interest Day is not an RFR Business Day the RFR Business Day immediately preceding such RFR Interest Day, (ii) that is a Swingline Loan denominated in Sterling, SONIA for such RFR Interest Day, (iii) denominated in CHF, SARON for the day that is 5 RFR Business Days prior to (A) if such RFR Interest Day is an RFR Business Day, such RFR Interest Day or (B) if such RFR Interest Day is not an RFR Business Day, the RFR Business Day immediately preceding such RFR Interest Day and (iv) that is a Swingline Loan denominated in Euros, Daily Simple ESTR.

  

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Daily Simple SOFR” means, for any day (a “SOFR Rate Day”), a rate per annum equal to SOFR for the day that is five (5) U.S. Government Securities Business Day prior to (i) if such SOFR Rate Day is an U.S. Government Securities Business Day, such SOFR Rate Day or (ii) if such SOFR Rate Day is not an U.S. Government Securities Business Day, the U.S. Government Securities Business Day immediately preceding such SOFR Rate Day, in each case, as such SOFR is published by the SOFR Administrator on the SOFR Administrator’s Website. Any change in Daily Simple SOFR due to a change in SOFR shall be effective from and including the effective date of such change in SOFR without notice to the Borrower.

 

Daily Simple TONAR” means, with respect to any requested Swingline Loan denominated in Yen for any Business Day, an interest rate per annum equal to the greater of (a) the rate identified as “TONAR” published by the Bank of Japan as of the Business Day of such request and (b) 0%. Any change in Daily Simple TONAR due to a change in the applicable TONAR shall be effective from and including the effective date of such change in TONAR.

 

Default” means any event or condition which constitutes an Event of Default or which upon notice, lapse of time or both would, unless cured or waived, become an Event of Default.

 

Default Right” has the meaning assigned to that term in, and shall be interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. §§ 252.81, 47.2 or 382.1, as applicable.

 

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Defaulting Lender” means any Lender, as determined by the Administrative Agent, that has (a) failed to fund any portion of its Loans or participations in Letters of Credit within three Business Days of the date required to be funded by it hereunder, unless, in the case of any Loans, such Lender’s failure is based on such Lender’s reasonable determination that the conditions precedent to funding such Loan under this Agreement have not been met, such conditions have not otherwise been waived in accordance with the terms of this Agreement and such Lender has advised the Administrative Agent in writing (with reasonable detail of those conditions that have not been satisfied) prior to the time at which such funding was to have been made, (b) notified the Borrower, the Administrative Agent, any Issuing Bank or any Lender in writing that it does not intend to comply with any of its funding obligations under this Agreement or has made a public statement to the effect that it does not intend to comply with its funding obligations under this Agreement or generally under other agreements in which it commits to extend credit (unless such writing or public statement states that such position is based on such Lender’s commercially reasonable determination that a condition precedent to funding or extension of credit (which condition precedent, together with the applicable default, if any, shall be specifically identified in such writing or public statement) cannot be satisfied), (c) failed, within three Business Days after request by the Administrative Agent, to confirm that it will comply with the terms of this Agreement relating to its obligations to fund prospective Loans and participations in then outstanding Letters of Credit (provided that such Lender shall cease to be a Defaulting Lender pursuant to this clause (c) upon receipt of such written confirmation by the Administrative Agent and the Borrower), (d) otherwise failed to pay over to the Administrative Agent or any other Lender any other amount required to be paid by it hereunder within three Business Days of the date when due, unless the subject of a good faith dispute, (e) (i) become or is insolvent or has a parent company that has become or is insolvent or (ii) become the subject of a bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding, or has had a receiver, conservator, trustee, administrator, assignee for the benefit of creditors or similar Person charged with reorganization or liquidation of its business or custodian, appointed for it, or has taken any action in furtherance of, or indicating its consent to, approval of or acquiescence in any such proceeding or appointment or has a parent company that has become the subject of a bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding, or has had a receiver, conservator, trustee, administrator, assignee for the benefit of creditors or similar Person charged with reorganization or liquidation of its business or custodian appointed for it, or has taken any action in furtherance of, or indicating its consent to, approval of or acquiescence in any such proceeding or appointment or (f) become the subject of a Bail-In Action; provided that a Lender shall not be a Defaulting Lender solely by virtue of the ownership or acquisition of any equity interest in that Lender or any direct or indirect parent company thereof by a Governmental Authority so long as such ownership interest does not result in or provide such Lender with immunity from the jurisdiction of courts within the United States or from the enforcement of judgments or writs of attachment on its assets or permit such Lender (or such Governmental Authority) to reject, repudiate, disavow or disaffirm any contracts or agreements made with such Lender.

   

Designated Indebtedness” has the meaning given to such term in the Guarantee and Security Agreement.

 

Designated Subsidiary” means:

 

1.             An SBIC Subsidiary; or

 

2.             (a)             a direct or indirect Subsidiary of the Borrower designated by the Borrower as a “Designated Subsidiary” which meets the following criteria:

 

(i)              to which any Obligor sells, conveys or otherwise transfers (whether directly or indirectly) Portfolio Investments, which engages in no material activities other than in connection with the purchase or financing of such assets;

 

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(ii)             no portion of the Indebtedness or any other obligations (contingent or otherwise) of such Subsidiary (A) is Guaranteed by any Obligor (other than Guarantees in respect of Standard Securitization Undertakings), (B) is recourse to or obligates any Obligor in any way other than pursuant to Standard Securitization Undertakings or (C) subjects any property of any Obligor (other than property that has been contributed or sold, purported to be sold or otherwise transferred to such Subsidiary), directly or indirectly, contingently or otherwise, to the satisfaction thereof, other than pursuant to Standard Securitization Undertakings or any Guarantee thereof,

 

(iii)            with which no Obligor has any material contract, agreement, arrangement or understanding other than on terms no less favorable to such Obligor than those that might be obtained at the time from Persons that are not Affiliates of any Obligor, other than fees payable in the ordinary course of business in connection with servicing receivables or financial assets, and

 

(iv)            to which no Obligor has any obligation to maintain or preserve such entity’s financial condition or cause such entity to achieve certain levels of operating results, other than pursuant to Standard Securitization Undertakings; or

 

(b)  a direct or indirect Subsidiary of the Borrower designated by the Borrower as a “Designated Subsidiary” and which satisfies each of the foregoing criteria set forth in clauses (2)(a)(ii), (iii) and (iv).

 

Any such designation under this clause (2) by the Borrower shall be effected pursuant to a certificate of a Financial Officer delivered to the Administrative Agent, which certificate shall include a statement to the effect that, to the best of such officer’s knowledge, such designation complied with the foregoing conditions set forth in clauses (2)(a) or (2)(b). For the avoidance of doubt, in the case of clause (2)(a), the Borrower shall be in compliance with Section 6.03(d) after giving effect to any such designation. Each Subsidiary of a Designated Subsidiary shall be deemed to be a Designated Subsidiary and shall comply with the foregoing requirements of this definition. The parties hereby agree that the Subsidiaries identified as Designated Subsidiaries on Schedule IV hereto shall each constitute a Designated Subsidiary so long as they comply with the foregoing requirements of this definition.

 

Dollar Commitment” means, with respect to each Dollar Lender, the commitment of such Dollar Lender to make Loans denominated in Dollars hereunder, expressed as an amount representing the maximum aggregate amount of such Lender’s Revolving Dollar Credit Exposure permitted hereunder, as such commitment may be (a) reduced from time to time pursuant to Section 2.07 and (b) reduced or increased from time to time pursuant to assignments by or to such Lender pursuant to Section 9.04. The initial amount of each Lender’s Dollar Commitment is set forth on Schedule I, or in the Assignment and Assumption pursuant to which such Lender shall have assumed its Dollar Commitment, as applicable. The aggregate amount of the Lenders’ Dollar Commitments as of the Effective Date is $0.

 

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Dollar Equivalentfor any amount, at the time of determination thereof, (a) if such amount is expressed in Dollars, such amount, and (b) if such amount is expressed in a Foreign Currency, the equivalent of such amount in Dollars determined at such time on the basis of the Exchange Rate for the purchase of Dollars with such Foreign Currency at such time.

 

Dollar Issuing Bank” means any Issuing Bank identified in Schedule IX that has agreed to issue Letters of Credit under its respective Dollar Commitment.

 

Dollar LC Exposure” means a Dollar Lender’s LC Exposure under its Dollar Commitment.

 

Dollar Lendermeans the Persons listed on Schedule I as having Dollar Commitments and any other Person that shall have become a party hereto pursuant to an Assignment and Assumption that provides for it to assume a Dollar Commitment or to acquire Revolving Dollar Credit Exposure, other than any such Person that ceases to be a party hereto pursuant to an Assignment and Assumption or otherwise in accordance with the terms hereof.

 

Dollar Loan” means a Loan made pursuant to the Dollar Commitments.

 

Dollar Swingline Exposure” means a Dollar Lender’s Swingline Exposure under its Dollar Commitment.

 

Dollars” or “$” refers to lawful money of the United States of America.

 

Domestic Subsidiary” means any Subsidiary other than a Controlled Foreign Corporation.

 

EBITDA” means the consolidated net income of the applicable Person (excluding extraordinary, unusual or non-recurring gains and extraordinary losses (to the extent excluded in the definition of “EBITDA” (or similar defined term used for the purposes contemplated herein) in the relevant agreement relating to the applicable Portfolio Investment)) for the relevant period plus, without duplication, the following to the extent deducted in calculating such consolidated net income in the relevant agreement relating to the applicable Portfolio Investment for such period: (i) consolidated interest charges for such period, (ii) the provision for federal, state, local and foreign income taxes payable for such period, (iii) depreciation and amortization expense for such period, and (iv) such other adjustments included in the definition of “EBITDA” (or similar defined term used for the purposes contemplated herein) in the relevant agreement relating to the applicable Portfolio Investment, provided that such adjustments are usual and customary and substantially comparable to market terms for substantially similar debt of other similarly situated borrowers at the time such relevant agreements are entered into as reasonably determined in good faith by the Borrower.

 

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EEA Financial Institution” means (a) any credit institution or investment firm established in any EEA Member Country which is subject to the supervision of an EEA Resolution Authority, (b) any entity established in an EEA Member Country which is a parent of an institution described in clause (a) of this definition, or (c) any financial institution established in an EEA Member Country which is a subsidiary of an institution described in clauses (a) or (b) of this definition and is subject to consolidated supervision with its parent.

 

EEA Member Country” means any of the member states of the European Union, Iceland, Liechtenstein, and Norway.

 

EEA Resolution Authority” means any public administrative authority or any Person entrusted with public administrative authority of any EEA Member Country (including any delegee) having responsibility for the resolution of any EEA Financial Institution.

 

Effective Date” means the date on which the conditions specified in Section 4.01 are satisfied (or waived in accordance with Section 9.02).

 

Equity Interests” means shares of capital stock, partnership interests, membership interests in a limited liability company, beneficial interests in a trust or other equity ownership interests in a Person, and any warrants, options or other rights entitling the holder thereof to purchase or acquire any such equity interest.

 

ERISA” means the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended from time to time.

 

ERISA Affiliate” means any trade or business (whether or not incorporated) that, together with the Borrower, is treated as a single employer under Section 414(b) or (c) of the Code, or, solely for purposes of Section 302 of ERISA and Section 412 of the Code, is treated as a single employer under Section 414 of the Code.

 

ERISA Event” means (a) any “reportable event”, as defined in Section 4043(c) of ERISA or the regulations issued thereunder with respect to a Plan (other than an event for which the 30-day notice period is waived); (b) any failure by any Plan to satisfy the minimum funding standard (within the meaning of Sections 412 and 430 of the Code or Sections 302 and 303 of ERISA) applicable to such Plan; (c) the filing pursuant to Section 412(c) of the Code or Section 302(c) of ERISA of an application for a waiver of the minimum funding standard with respect to any Plan; (d) the incurrence by the Borrower or any of its ERISA Affiliates of any liability under Title IV of ERISA with respect to the termination of any Plan; (e) the receipt by the Borrower or any ERISA Affiliate from the PBGC or a plan administrator of any notice relating to an intention to terminate any Plan under Section 4041 of ERISA or to appoint a trustee to administer any Plan under Section 4042 of ERISA; (f) the incurrence by the Borrower or any of its ERISA Affiliates of any liability with respect to a withdrawal from a Plan subject to Section 4063 of ERISA during a plan year in which it was a “substantial employer” (as defined in Section 4001(a)(2) of ERISA) or a cessation of operations that is treated as such a withdrawal under Section 4062(e) of ERISA, or a complete withdrawal or partial withdrawal (within the meanings of Sections 4203 and 4205 of ERISA) from any Multiemployer Plan; or (g) the receipt by the Borrower or any ERISA Affiliate of any notice from any Multiemployer Plan concerning the imposition of Withdrawal Liability on the Borrower or any ERISA Affiliate or a determination that a Multiemployer Plan is insolvent (within the meaning of Section 4245 of ERISA) or in reorganization (within the meaning of Section 4241 of ERISA).

 

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ESTR” means, with respect to any Business Day, a rate per annum equal to the Euro Short Term Rate for such Business Day published by the ESTR Administrator on the ESTR Administrator’s Website.

 

ESTR Administrator” means the European Central Bank (or any successor administrator of the Euro Short Term Rate).

 

ESTR Administrator’s Website” means the European Central Bank’s website, currently at http://www.ecb.europa.eu, or any successor source for the Euro Short Term Rate identified as such by the ESTR Administrator from time to time.

 

EU Bail-In Legislation Schedule” means the EU Bail-In Legislation Schedule published by the Loan Market Association (or any successor Person), as in effect from time to time.

 

EUR”, “” and “Euro” denote the single currency of the Participating Member States.

 

EURIBOR Rate” means, with respect to any Term Benchmark Borrowing denominated in Euros and for any Interest Period, the EURIBOR Screen Rate, two TARGET Days prior to the commencement of such Interest Period.

 

EURIBOR Screen Rate” means the euro interbank offered rate administered by the European Money Markets Institute (or any other person which takes over the administration of that rate) for the relevant period displayed on page EURIBOR01 of the Thomson Reuters screen (or any replacement Thomson Reuters page which displays that rate) or on the appropriate page of such other information service which publishes that rate from time to time in place of Thomson Reuters as of approximately 11:00 a.m. Brussels time two TARGET Days prior to the commencement of such Interest Period. If such page or service ceases to be available, the Administrative Agent may specify another page or service displaying the relevant rate after consultation with the Company. If the EURIBOR Screen Rate shall be less than 0%, the EURIBOR Screen Rate shall be deemed to be 0% for purposes of this Agreement.

 

Event of Default” has the meaning assigned to such term in Article VII.

 

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Excess Special Longer Term Unsecured Indebtedness” means any Special Longer Term Unsecured Indebtedness in excess of $500,000,000 at any one time outstanding.

 

Exchange Rate” means, on any day with respect to any Foreign Currency, the rate of exchange for the purchase of Dollars with such Foreign Currency last provided (either by publication or otherwise provided to the Administrative Agent) by the applicable Thomson Reuters Corp. (“Reuters”) source on the Business Day (New York City time) immediately preceding the date of determination or if such service ceases to be available or ceases to provide a rate of exchange for the purchase of dollars with the Foreign Currency, as provided by such other publicly available information service which provides that rate of exchange at such time in place of Reuters chosen by the Administrative Agent in its sole discretion (or if such service ceases to be available or ceases to provide such rate of exchange, the equivalent of such amount in Dollars that would be required to purchase such amount of such Foreign Currency on the date two Business Days prior to such date, based upon the spot selling rate at which the Administrative Agent offers to sell such Foreign Currency for Dollars in the London foreign exchange market at approximately 11:00 a.m., London time, for delivery two Business Days later).

 

Excluded Asset Lien” has the meaning set forth in Section 6.02(e).

 

Excluded Assets” means the entities identified as Excluded Assets in Schedule VIII hereto, any CDO Securities and finance lease obligations, and each Designated Subsidiary, and any similar assets or entities in which any Obligor holds an interest on or after the Effective Date, and, in each case, their respective Subsidiaries.

 

Excluded Swap Obligation” means, with respect to any guarantor, any Swap Obligation if, and to the extent that, all or a portion of the Guarantee of such guarantor of, or the grant by such guarantor of a security interest to secure, such Swap Obligation (or any Guarantee thereof) is or becomes illegal under the Commodity Exchange Act or any rule, regulation or order of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (or the application or official interpretation of any thereof) by virtue of such guarantor’s failure for any reason to constitute an “eligible contract participant” as defined in the Commodity Exchange Act and the regulations thereunder at the time the Guarantee of such guarantor (determined after giving effect to Section 3.10 of the Guarantee and Security Agreement and any other “Keepwell, support or other agreement” for the benefit of such guarantor) or the grant of such security interest becomes effective with respect to such Swap Obligation. If a Swap Obligation arises under a master agreement governing more than one swap, such exclusion shall apply only to the portion of such Swap Obligation that is attributable to swaps for which such Guarantee or security interest is or becomes illegal.

 

Excluded Taxes” means, with respect to the Administrative Agent, any Lender, any Issuing Bank or any other recipient of any payment to be made by or on account of any obligation of the Borrower hereunder, (a) income or franchise taxes imposed on (or measured by) its net income by the United States of America, or by the jurisdiction (or any political subdivision thereof) under the laws of which such recipient is organized or in which its principal office is located or, in the case of any Lender, in which its applicable lending office is located or that are Other Connection Taxes, (b) any branch profits taxes imposed by the United States of America or any similar tax imposed by any other jurisdiction in which the Borrower is located, (c) in the case of a Lender, any withholding tax that is imposed on amounts payable to such Lender at the time such Lender acquires such interest in the Loan or Commitment (other than an assignee pursuant to a request by the Borrower under Section 2.18(b)) (or designates a new lending office) or is attributable to such Lender’s failure or inability (other than as a result of a Change in Law described in clause (a) or (b) of the definition of Change in Law) to comply with Section 2.15(e), (f) or (g), except to the extent, other than in a case of failure to comply with Section 2.15(e) or (f), that such Lender’s (or its assignor, if any) was entitled, at the time of designation of a new lending office (or assignment), to receive additional amounts from the Borrower with respect to such withholding tax pursuant to Section 2.15(a) and (d) any withholding Taxes imposed under FATCA.

 

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FATCA” means Sections 1471 through 1474 of the Code, as of the date of this Agreement (or any amended or successor version that is substantively comparable and not materially more onerous to comply with) and any current or future regulations or official interpretations thereof, any agreements entered into pursuant to Section 1471(b)(1) of the Code and any fiscal or regulatory legislation, rules or practices adopted pursuant to any intergovernmental agreement, treaty or convention among Governmental Authorities and implementing such Sections of the Code.

 

Federal Funds Effective Ratemeans, for any day, the rate calculated by the New York Fed based on such day’s federal funds transactions by depository institutions (as determined in such manner as the New York Fed shall set forth on its public website from time to time) and published on the next succeeding Business Day by the New York Fed as the federal funds effective rate, provided, that, if the Federal Funds Effective Rate shall be less than zero, such rate shall be deemed to be zero for purposes of this Agreement.

 

Financial Officer” means the chief executive officer, president, chief financial officer, principal accounting officer, chief accounting officer, treasurer, assistant treasurer, controller or assistant controller of the Borrower.

 

Floor” means the benchmark rate floor, if any, provided in this Agreement initially (as of the execution of this Agreement, the modification, amendment or renewal of this Agreement or otherwise) with respect to Adjusted Term SOFR Rate, Adjusted Daily Simple RFR, the Adjusted EURIBOR Rate, Adjusted TIBOR Rate, the applicable Local Rate, the Japanese Prime Rate, Daily Simple TONAR or the Central Bank Rate, as applicable. For the avoidance of doubt the initial Floor for each of Adjusted Term SOFR Rate, Adjusted EURIBOR Rate, Adjusted Daily Simple RFR, Adjusted TIBOR Rate, the applicable Local Rate, the Japanese Prime Rate, Daily Simple TONAR or the Central Bank Rate shall be 0%.

 

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Foreign Currency” means at any time any Currency other than Dollars.

 

Foreign Currency Equivalent” means, with respect to any amount in Dollars, the amount of any Foreign Currency that could be purchased with such amount of Dollars using the reciprocal of the foreign exchange rate(s) specified in the definition of the term “Dollar Equivalent”, as determined by the Administrative Agent.

 

Foreign Lender” means any Lender or any Issuing Bank that is organized under the laws of a jurisdiction other than that in which the Borrower is located. For purposes of this definition, the United States of America, each State thereof and the District of Columbia shall be deemed to constitute a single jurisdiction.

 

GAAP” means generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America.

 

GBP”, “£” and “Sterling” denote the lawful currency of the United Kingdom.

 

GBSA” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 9.17.

 

GBSA Consultation Notice” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 9.17.

 

GBSA Consultation Period” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 9.17.

 

GBSA Final Notice” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 9.17.

 

GBSA Initial Notice” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 9.17.

 

GBSA Lender” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 9.17.

 

GICS” means, as of any date, the most recently published Global Industry Classification Standard.

 

GICS Industry Group Classification” means any industry group classification within GICS, as updated and amended from time to time.

 

Governmental Authority” means the government of the United States of America, or of any other nation, or any political subdivision thereof, whether state or local, and any agency, authority, instrumentality, regulatory body, court, central bank or other entity exercising executive, legislative, judicial, taxing, regulatory or administrative powers or functions of or pertaining to government.

 

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Gross Borrowing Base” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.13(g).

 

Guarantee” of or by any Person (the “guarantor”) means any obligation, contingent or otherwise, of the guarantor guaranteeing or having the economic effect of guaranteeing any Indebtedness or other obligation of any other Person (the “primary obligor”) in any manner, whether directly or indirectly, and including any obligation of the guarantor, direct or indirect, (a) to purchase or pay (or advance or supply funds for the purchase or payment of) such Indebtedness or other obligation or to purchase (or to advance or supply funds for the purchase of) any security for the payment thereof, (b) to purchase or lease property, securities or services for the purpose of assuring the owner of such Indebtedness or other obligation of the payment thereof, (c) to maintain working capital, equity capital or any other financial statement condition or liquidity of the primary obligor so as to enable the primary obligor to pay such Indebtedness or other obligation or (d) as an account party in respect of any letter of credit or letter of guaranty issued to support such Indebtedness or obligation; provided, that the term Guarantee shall not include endorsements for collection or deposit in the ordinary course of business.

 

Guarantee and Security Agreement” means that certain Guarantee and Security Agreement dated as of December 20, 2022 between the Borrower, the Subsidiary Guarantors, the Administrative Agent, each holder (or a representative or trustee therefor) from time to time of any Other Secured Indebtedness, and the Collateral Agent.

 

Guarantee Assumption Agreement” means a Guarantee Assumption Agreement substantially in the form of Exhibit B to the Guarantee and Security Agreement between the Administrative Agent and an entity that, pursuant to Section 5.08 is required to become a “Subsidiary Guarantor” under the Guarantee and Security Agreement (with such changes as the Administrative Agent shall request, consistent with the requirements of Section 5.08).

 

Hedging Agreement” means any interest rate protection agreement, foreign currency exchange protection agreement, commodity price protection agreement or other interest or currency exchange rate or commodity price hedging arrangement.

 

IBA” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 1.05.

 

Increasing Lender” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.07(e).

 

Indebtedness” of any Person means, without duplication, (a) all obligations of such Person for borrowed money or with respect to deposits or advances of any kind, (b) all obligations of such Person evidenced by bonds, debentures, notes or similar instruments, (c) all obligations of such Person under conditional sale or other title retention agreements relating to property acquired by such Person, (d) all obligations of such Person in respect of the deferred purchase price of property or services (excluding accounts payable incurred in the ordinary course of business), (e) all Indebtedness of others secured by any Lien on property owned or acquired by such Person, whether or not the Indebtedness secured thereby has been assumed, (f) all Guarantees by such Person of Indebtedness of others, (g) all Capital Lease Obligations of such Person, (h) all obligations, contingent or otherwise, of such Person as an account party in respect of letters of credit and letters of guaranty, and (i) all obligations, contingent or otherwise, of such Person in respect of bankers’ acceptances. The Indebtedness of any Person shall include the Indebtedness of any other entity (including any partnership in which such Person is a general partner) to the extent such Person is liable therefor as a result of such Person’s ownership interest in or other relationship with such entity, except to the extent the terms of such Indebtedness provide that such Person is not liable therefor. For the avoidance of doubt, Indebtedness shall not include (a) any revolving commitments or letters of credit for which any Obligor is acting as a lender or issuing lender, as applicable, as part of or in connection with a Portfolio Investment nor (b) any non-recourse liabilities for participations sold by any Person in any Bank Loan.

 

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Indemnified Taxes” means (a) Taxes, other than Excluded Taxes, imposed on or with respect to any payment made or on account of any Obligor under any Loan Document and (b) to the extent not otherwise described in (a), Other Taxes.

 

Independent Valuation Provider” has the meaning set forth in 5.12(b)(iii)(A).

 

Industry Classification Group” means (a) any of the GICS Industry Group Classifications set forth in Schedule VI hereto, together with any such group classifications that may be subsequently added to GICS and provided by the Borrower to the Lenders and (b) up to three additional industry group classifications established by the Borrower pursuant to Section 5.12. For the avoidance of doubt, CDO Securities shall be treated as belonging to the “Diversified Financials” Industry Classification Group.

 

Interest Election Request” means a request by the Borrower to convert or continue a Borrowing in accordance with Section 2.06 substantially in the form of Exhibit G.

 

Interest Payment Date” means (a) the Maturity Date, (b) with respect to any ABR Loan, each Quarterly Date, (c) with respect to any Term Benchmark Loan, the last day of each Interest Period therefor and, in the case of any Interest Period of more than three months’ duration, each day prior to the last day of such Interest Period that occurs at three-month intervals after the first day of such Interest Period, (d) with respect to any RFR Loan, each date that is on the numerically corresponding day in each calendar month that is one month after the Borrowing of such Loan (or, if there is no such numerically corresponding day in such month, then the last day of such month) and (e) with respect to any Swingline Loan, the day that such Swingline Loan is required to be repaid and the Maturity Date.

 

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Interest Periodmeans with respect to any Term Benchmark Borrowing, the period commencing on the date of such Borrowing and ending on the numerically corresponding day in the calendar month that is one, three or six months thereafter (in each case, subject to the availability for the Benchmark applicable to the relevant Loan or Commitment for any Currency), as the Borrower may elect; provided, that (i) if any Interest Period would end on a day other than a Business Day, such Interest Period shall be extended to the next succeeding Business Day unless such next succeeding Business Day would fall in the next calendar month, in which case such Interest Period shall end on the next preceding Business Day, (ii) any Interest Period that commences on the last Business Day of a calendar month (or on a day for which there is no numerically corresponding day in the last calendar month of such Interest Period) shall end on the last Business Day of the last calendar month of such Interest Period and (iii) no tenor that has been removed from this definition pursuant to Section 2.12(e) shall be available for specification in such Borrowing Request or Interest Election Request. For purposes hereof, the date of a Borrowing initially shall be the date on which such Borrowing is made and, in the case of a Revolving Borrowing, thereafter shall be the effective date of the most recent conversion or continuation of such Borrowing.

 

Investment” means, for any Person: (a) Equity Interests, bonds, notes, debentures or other securities of any other Person or any agreement to acquire any Equity Interests, bonds, notes, debentures or other securities of any other Person (including any “short sale” or any sale of any securities at a time when such securities are not owned by the Person entering into such sale); (b) deposits, advances, loans or other extensions of credit made to any other Person (including purchases of property from another Person subject to an understanding or agreement, contingent or otherwise, to resell such property to such Person); or (c) Hedging Agreements.

 

Investment Company Act” means the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended from time to time.

 

Investment Policies” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.11(c).

 

Issuing Banks” means JPMCB, Truist, SMBC and Wells Fargo in their capacity as the issuers of Letters of Credit hereunder, and their respective successors in such capacity as provided in Section 2.04(j).

 

Japanese Prime Rate” means for any Loan denominated in Yen the greater of (a) (i) the Japanese local bank prime rate plus (ii) the Japanese Prime Rate Adjustment and (b) the Floor.

 

Japanese Prime Rate Adjustment” means, for any day, for any Loan denominated in Yen, a rate equal to the difference (which may be a positive or negative value or zero) of (i) the average of the Adjusted TIBOR Rate for the five most recent Business Days preceding such day for which the TIBOR Screen Rate was available (excluding, from such averaging, the highest and the lowest Adjusted TIBOR Rate applicable during such period of five Business Days) minus (ii) the Japanese Prime Rate in effect on the last Business Day in such period. For purposes of this definition, the TIBOR Rate on any day shall be based on the TIBOR Screen Rate on such day at approximately the time referred to in the definition of such term for deposits in Yen for a maturity of one month.

 

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Joint Lead Arrangers” means JPMCB, Truist Securities, Inc., SMBC and Wells Fargo Securities, LLC.

 

JPMCB” means JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.

 

LC Disbursement” means a payment made by any Issuing Bank pursuant to a Letter of Credit.

 

LC Exposuremeans, at any time, the sum of (a) the aggregate undrawn amount of all outstanding Letters of Credit at such time (including any Letter of Credit for which a draft has been presented but not yet honored by any Issuing Bank) plus (b) the aggregate amount of all LC Disbursements in respect of such Letters of Credit that have not yet been reimbursed by or on behalf of the Borrower at such time. The LC Exposure of any Multicurrency Lender at any time shall be its Applicable Multicurrency Percentage of the total Multicurrency LC Exposure at such time and the LC Exposure of any Dollar Lender at any time shall be its Applicable Dollar Percentage of the total Dollar LC Exposure at such time.

 

Lenders” means, collectively, the Dollar Lenders and the Multicurrency Lenders.

 

Letter of Credit” means any letter of credit issued pursuant to this Agreement.

 

Letter of Credit Collateral Account” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.04(k).

 

Letter of Credit Documents” means, with respect to any Letter of Credit, collectively, any application therefor and any other agreements, instruments, guarantees or other documents (whether general in application or applicable only to such Letter of Credit) governing or providing for (a) the rights and obligations of the parties concerned or at risk with respect to such Letter of Credit or (b) any collateral security for any of such obligations, each as the same may be modified and supplemented and in effect from time to time.

 

Lien” means, with respect to any asset, (a) any mortgage, deed of trust, lien, pledge, hypothecation, encumbrance, charge or security interest in, on or of such asset, (b) the interest of a vendor or a lessor under any conditional sale agreement, capital lease or title retention agreement (or any financing lease having substantially the same economic effect as any of the foregoing) relating to such asset and (c) in the case of securities, any purchase option, call or similar right of a third party with respect to such securities (other than on market terms at fair value so long as in the case of any Portfolio Investment, the Value used in determining the Borrowing Base is not greater than the call price), except in favor of the issuer thereof (and in the case of Portfolio Investments that are securities, excluding customary drag along, tag along, right of first refusal and other similar rights in favor of the equity holders of the same issuer).

 

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Loan Documents” means, collectively, this Agreement, the Letter of Credit Documents and the Security Documents.

 

Loans” means the revolving loans made by the Lenders to the Borrower pursuant to Section 2.01(a) or (b).

 

Local Rate” means, (i) for Loans and Letters of Credit in CAD, the CDOR Rate, (ii) for Loans or Letters of Credit in AUD, the AUD Rate, and (iii) for Loans or Letters of Credit in SEK, the SEK Screen Rate.

 

Local Rate Currency” means AUD, CAD and Swedish Krona.

 

Local Screen Rates” mean the AUD Screen Rate, CAD Screen Rate and the SEK Screen Rate.

 

Local Time” means, with respect to any Loan denominated in or any payment to be made in any Currency, the local time in the Principal Financial Center for the Currency in which such Loan is denominated or such payment is to be made.

 

Margin Stock” means “margin stock” within the meaning of Regulations T, U and X of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

 

Material Adverse Effect” means a material adverse effect on (a) the business, Portfolio Investments and other assets, liabilities and financial condition of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole (excluding in any case a decline in the net asset value of the Borrower or a change in general market conditions or values of the Investments of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries), or (b) the validity or enforceability of any of the Loan Documents or the rights or remedies of the Administrative Agent and the Lenders thereunder.

 

Material Indebtedness” means (a) Indebtedness (other than the Loans, Letters of Credit and Hedging Agreements), of any one or more of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries in an aggregate principal amount exceeding $50,000,000 and (b) obligations in respect of one or more Hedging Agreements under which the maximum aggregate amount (giving effect to any netting agreements) that the Borrower and the Subsidiaries would be required to pay if such Hedging Agreement(s) were terminated at such time would exceed $50,000,000.

 

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Maturity Date” means the earliest to occur of (a) December 20, 2027 and (b) the date on which all Commitments have been terminated and the aggregate amount of Loans outstanding has been repaid in full and all other obligations of the Borrower hereunder have been indefeasibly paid in full (other than any indemnities and similar contingent obligations that are not then due and that survive the termination of this Agreement).

 

Moody’s” means Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. or any successor thereto.

 

Multicurrency Commitment” means, with respect to each Multicurrency Lender, the commitment of such Multicurrency Lender to make Loans, and to acquire participations in Letters of Credit denominated in Dollars and in Agreed Foreign Currencies hereunder, expressed as an amount representing the maximum aggregate amount of such Lender’s Revolving Multicurrency Credit Exposure permitted hereunder, as such commitment may be (a) reduced from time to time pursuant to Section 2.07 and (b) reduced or increased from time to time pursuant to assignments by or to such Lender pursuant to Section 9.04. The aggregate amount of each Lender’s Multicurrency Commitment as of the Effective Date is set forth on Schedule I, or in the Assignment and Assumption pursuant to which such Lender shall have assumed its Multicurrency Commitment, as applicable. The aggregate amount of the Lenders’ Multicurrency Commitments as of the Effective Date is $625,000,000.

 

Multicurrency Issuing Bank” means any Issuing Bank identified in Schedule IX that has agreed to issue Letters of Credit under its respective Multicurrency Commitment.

 

Multicurrency LC Exposure” means a Multicurrency Lender’s LC Exposure under its Multicurrency Commitment.

 

Multicurrency Lender” means the Persons listed on Schedule I as having Multicurrency Commitments and any other Person that shall have become a party hereto pursuant to an Assignment and Assumption that provides for it to assume a Multicurrency Commitment or to acquire Revolving Multicurrency Credit Exposure, other than any such Person that ceases to be a party hereto pursuant to an Assignment and Assumption or otherwise in accordance with the terms hereof.

 

Multicurrency Loan” means any Loan made pursuant to the Multicurrency Commitments.

 

Multicurrency Swingline Exposure” means a Multicurrency Lender’s Swingline Exposure under its Multicurrency Commitment.

 

Multiemployer Plan” means a “multiemployer plan” as defined in Section 4001(a)(3) of ERISA in respect of which the Borrower or any ERISA Affiliate makes any contributions.

 

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National Currency” means the currency, other than the Euro, of a Participating Member State.

 

New York Fed” means the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.

 

NYFRB Rate” means, for any day, the greater of (a) the Federal Funds Effective Rate in effect on such day and (b) the Overnight Bank Funding Rate in effect on such day (or for any day that is not a Business Day, for the immediately preceding Business Day); provided that if none of such rates are published for any day that is a Business Day, the term “NYFRB Rate” means the rate for a federal funds transaction quoted at 11:00 a.m. on such day received by the Administrative Agent from a federal funds broker of recognized standing selected by it; provided, further, that if any of the aforesaid rates as so determined be less than 0%, such rate shall be deemed to be 0% for purposes of this Agreement.

 

Obligor” means, collectively, the Borrower and the Subsidiary Guarantors.

 

Omnibus Guidelines” means the Omnibus Guidelines Statement of Policy adopted by the North American Securities Administrators Association on March 29, 1992 and as amended on May 7, 2007 and from time to time.

 

Other Connection Taxes” means, with respect to any Recipient of any payment to be made by or on account of any obligation of the Borrower hereunder, Taxes imposed as a result of a present or former connection between such Recipient and the jurisdiction imposing such Tax (other than connections arising from such Recipient having executed, delivered, become a party to, performed its obligations under, received payments under, received or perfected a security interest under, engaged in any other transaction pursuant to or enforced any Loan Document, or sold or assigned an interest in any Loan or Loan Document).

 

Other Permitted Indebtedness” means (a) accrued expenses and current trade accounts payable incurred in the ordinary course of any Obligor’s business which are not overdue for a period of more than 90 days or which are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings, (b) Indebtedness (other than Indebtedness for borrowed money) arising in connection with transactions in the ordinary course of any Obligor’s business in connection with its purchasing of securities, derivatives transactions, reverse repurchase agreements or dollar rolls to the extent such transactions are permitted under the Investment Company Act and the Investment Policies, provided that such Indebtedness does not arise in connection with the purchase of Portfolio Investments other than Cash Equivalents and U.S. Government Securities and (c) Indebtedness in respect of judgments or awards that have been in force for less than the applicable period for taking an appeal so long as such judgments or awards do not constitute an Event of Default under clause (l) of Article VII.

 

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Other Secured Indebtedness” means, as at any date, Indebtedness (other than Indebtedness hereunder) of an Obligor (which may be Guaranteed by one or more other Obligors) that (i) (a) has no amortization prior to (other than for amortization in an amount not greater than 1% of the aggregate initial principal amount of such Indebtedness per annum, provided that amortization in excess of 1% per annum shall be permitted so long as the amount of such amortization in excess of 1% is permitted to be incurred pursuant to Section 6.01(g) hereof, and, in the case of any term loan, other than for any customary mandatory prepayment required by the terms thereof, it being understood that if any mandatory prepayment is required under such Other Secured Indebtedness constituting a term loan that is not required pursuant to Section 2.09(c) hereof, the Borrower shall offer to repay Loans (and/or provide cover for LC Exposure as specified in Section 2.04(k)) in an amount at least equal to the aggregate Revolving Credit Exposure’s ratable share (such ratable share being determined based on the outstanding principal amount of the Revolving Credit Exposures as compared to the Other Secured Indebtedness being paid), provided the Borrower shall only be required to make an offer to repay the Loans (or provide cover for LC Exposure) to the extent of any amounts that the Borrower would not be permitted to borrow as a new Loan hereunder at such time), and has a final maturity date not earlier than, six months after the Maturity Date, (b) has terms substantially comparable to market terms for substantially similar debt of other similarly situated borrowers as determined by the Borrower in good faith and (c) is not secured by any assets of any Obligor other than pursuant to the Security Documents and the holders of which have agreed, in a manner satisfactory to the Administrative Agent and the Collateral Agent, to be bound by the provisions of the Security Documents, or (ii) is permitted pursuant to Section 6.01(g) hereof and that has been designated by the Borrower as Designated Indebtedness in accordance with the requirements of Section 6.01 of the Guaranty and Security Agreement.

 

Other Taxes” means any and all present or future stamp or documentary taxes or any other excise or property taxes, charges or similar levies arising from any payment made under any Loan Document or from the execution, delivery or enforcement of, or otherwise with respect to, any Loan Document, except any such Taxes that are Other Connection Taxes imposed with respect to an assignment.

 

Overnight Bank Funding Rate” means, for any day, the rate comprised of both overnight federal funds and overnight Eurodollar transactions by U.S.–managed banking offices of depository institutions (as such composite rate shall be determined by the New York Fed as set forth on its public website from time to time) and published on the next succeeding Business Day by the New York Fed as an overnight bank funding rate (from and after such date as the New York Fed shall commence to publish such composite rate).

 

Participating Member State” means any member state of the European Community that adopts or has adopted the Euro as its lawful currency in accordance with the legislation of the European Union relating to the European Monetary Union.

 

Payment” has the meaning assigned to such term in Article VIII.

 

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Payment Notice” has the meaning assigned to such term in Article VIII.

 

PBGC” means the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation referred to and defined in ERISA and any successor entity performing similar functions.

 

Permitted Indebtedness” means, collectively, Other Secured Indebtedness described in clause (i) of the definition thereof and Unsecured Indebtedness.

 

Permitted Liens” means: (a) Liens imposed by any Governmental Authority for Taxes, assessments or charges not yet due or that are being contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings if adequate reserves with respect thereto are maintained on the books of the Borrower in accordance with GAAP; (b) Liens of clearing agencies, broker-dealers and similar Liens incurred in the ordinary course of business, provided that such Liens (i) attach only to the securities (or proceeds) being purchased or sold and (ii) secure only obligations incurred in connection with such purchase or sale, and not any obligation in connection with margin financing; (c) Liens imposed by law, such as materialmen’s, mechanics’, carriers’, workmens’, storage and repairmen’s Liens and other similar Liens arising in the ordinary course of business and securing obligations (other than Indebtedness for borrowed money); (d) Liens incurred or pledges or deposits made to secure obligations incurred in the ordinary course of business under workers’ compensation laws, unemployment insurance or other similar social security legislation (other than in respect of employee benefit plans subject to ERISA) or to secure public or statutory obligations; (e) Liens securing the performance of, or payment in respect of, bids, insurance premiums, deductibles or co-insured amounts, tenders, government or utility contracts (other than for the repayment of borrowed money), surety, stay, customs and appeal bonds and other obligations of a similar nature incurred in the ordinary course of business, provided that all Liens on any Collateral that is permitted pursuant to this clause (e) shall have a priority that is junior to the Liens of the Security Documents; (f) Liens arising out of judgments or awards that have been in force for less than the applicable period for taking an appeal so long as such judgments or awards do not constitute an Event of Default under clause (l) of Article VII; (g) customary rights of setoff and liens upon (i) deposits of cash in favor of banks or other depository institutions in which such cash is maintained in the ordinary course of business, (ii) cash and financial assets held in securities accounts in favor of banks and other financial institutions with which such accounts are maintained in the ordinary course of business and (iii) assets held by a custodian in favor of such custodian in the ordinary course of business securing payment of fees, indemnities and other similar obligations; (h) Liens arising solely from precautionary filings of financing statements under the Uniform Commercial Code of the applicable jurisdictions in respect of operating leases entered into by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business; (i) deposits of money that are not Collateral securing leases to which the obligor is a party as the lessee made in the ordinary course of business, (j) easements, rights of way, zoning restrictions and similar encumbrances on real property and minor irregularities in the title thereto that do not (i) secure obligations for the payment of money or (ii) materially impair the value of such property or its use by any Obligor or any of its Subsidiaries in the normal conduct of such Person’s business; (k) Liens in favor of any escrow agent solely on and in respect of any cash earnest money deposits made by any Obligor in connection with any letter of intent or purchase agreement (to the extent that the acquisition or disposition with respect thereto is otherwise permitted hereunder); and (l) precautionary Liens, and filings of financing statements under the Uniform Commercial Code, covering assets sold or contributed to any Person not prohibited hereunder.

 

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Permitted SBIC Guarantee” means a guarantee by one or more Obligors of Indebtedness of an SBIC Subsidiary on the SBA’s then applicable form.

 

Person” means any natural person, corporation, limited liability company, trust, joint venture, association, company, partnership, Governmental Authority or other entity.

 

Plan” means any “employee pension benefit plan” (as defined in Section 3(2) of ERISA), other than a Multiemployer Plan subject to the provisions of Title IV of ERISA or Section 412 of the Code or Section 302 of ERISA, and in respect of which the Borrower or any ERISA Affiliate is (or, if such plan were terminated, would under Section 4069 of ERISA be deemed to be) an “employer” as defined in Section 3(5) of ERISA.

 

Portfolio Investment” means any Investment held by the Obligors in their asset portfolio (and solely for purposes of determining the Borrowing Base, and of Sections 6.02(d) and 6.04(d) and clause (p) of Article VII, Cash, excluding Cash pledged as cash collateral for Letters of Credit). Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, it is understood and agreed that (A) any Portfolio Investments that have been contributed or sold, purported to be contributed or sold or otherwise transferred to any Excluded Asset, or held by any Controlled Foreign Corporation that is not a Subsidiary Guarantor, shall not be treated as Portfolio Investments, and (B) any Investment in which any Obligor has sold a participation therein shall not be treated as a Portfolio Investment to the extent of such participation. Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing herein shall limit the provisions of Section 5.12(b)(i), which provides that, for purposes of this Agreement, all determinations of whether an investment is to be included as a Portfolio Investment shall be determined on a settlement-date basis (meaning that any investment that has been purchased will not be treated as a Portfolio Investment until such purchase has settled, and any Portfolio Investment which has been sold will not be excluded as a Portfolio Investment until such sale has settled), provided that no such investment shall be included as a Portfolio Investment to the extent it has not been paid for in full.

 

Prime Ratemeans the rate of interest last quoted by The Wall Street Journal as the “Prime Rate” in the U.S. or, if The Wall Street Journal ceases to quote such rate, the highest per annum interest rate published by the Federal Reserve Board in Federal Reserve Statistical Release H.15 (519) (Selected Interest Rates) as the “bank prime loan” rate or, if such rate is no longer quoted therein, any similar rate quoted therein (as determined by the Administrative Agent) or any similar release by the Federal Reserve Board (as determined by the Administrative Agent). Each change in the Prime Rate shall be effective from and including the date such change is publicly announced or quoted as being effective.

 

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Principal Financial Center” means, in the case of any Currency, the principal financial center where such Currency is cleared and settled, as determined by the Administrative Agent.

 

Pro-Rata Borrowing” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.03(a).

 

Pro-Rata Dollar Portion” means, in connection with any Pro-Rata Borrowing, an amount equal to (i) the aggregate amount of such Pro-Rata Borrowing multiplied by (ii) the aggregate Dollar Commitments of all Dollar Lenders at such time divided by (iii) the aggregate Commitments of all Lenders at such time.

 

Pro-Rata Multicurrency Portion” means, in connection with any Pro-Rata Borrowing, an amount equal to (i) the aggregate amount of such Pro-Rata Borrowing multiplied by (ii) the aggregate Multicurrency Commitments of all Multicurrency Lenders at such time divided by (iii) the aggregate Commitments of all Lenders at such time.

 

QFC” has the meaning assigned to the term “qualified financial contract” in, and shall be interpreted in accordance with, 12 U.S.C. 5390(c)(8)(D).

 

QFC Credit Support” has the meaning assigned to it in Section 9.18.

 

Quarterly Dates” means the last Business Day of March, June, September and December in each year.

 

Quoted Investments” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.12(b)(ii)(A).

 

Recipient” means the Administrative Agent, each Lender or each Issuing Bank, as applicable.

 

Reference Time” with respect to any setting of the then-current Benchmark means (1) if such Benchmark is Term SOFR Rate, 5:00 a.m. (Chicago time) on the day that is two Business Days preceding the date of such setting, (2) if such Benchmark is EURIBOR Rate, 11:00 a.m. Brussels time two TARGET Days preceding the date of such setting, (3) if such Benchmark is TIBOR Rate, 11:00 a.m. Japan time two Business Days preceding the date of such setting, (4) if the RFR for such Benchmark is SONIA, then the date on which the rate that applies to the Business Day that is four (4) Business Days prior to such setting is published, (5) if the RFR for such Benchmark is SARON, then the date on which the rate that applies to the Business Day that is five (5) RFR Business Days prior to such setting and (6) if such Benchmark is none of the Term SOFR Rate, the TIBOR Rate, SONIA, SARON or the EURIBOR Rate, the time determined by the Administrative Agent in its reasonable discretion.

 

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Register” has the meaning set forth in Section 9.04.

 

Regulations T, U and X” means, respectively, Regulations T, U and X of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (or any successor), as the same may be modified and supplemented and in effect from time to time.

 

Reinvestment Agreement” means a guaranteed reinvestment agreement from a bank, insurance company or other corporation or entity having a credit rating of at least A-1 from S&P and at least P-1 from Moody’s; provided that such agreement provides that it is terminable by the purchaser, without penalty, if the rating assigned to such agreement by either S&P or Moody’s is at any time lower than such ratings.

 

Related Parties” means, with respect to any specified Person, such Person’s Affiliates and the respective directors, officers, partners, trustees, administrators, employees, agents and advisors of such Person and such Person’s Affiliates.

 

Relevant Asset Coverage Ratio” means, as of any date, the Asset Coverage Ratio as of the most recent Quarterly Date.

 

Relevant Governmental Body” means (i) with respect to a Benchmark Replacement in respect of Loans denominated in Dollars, the Federal Reserve Board and/or the NYFRB, or a committee officially endorsed or convened by the Federal Reserve Board and/or the NYFRB or, in each case, any successor thereto, (ii) with respect to a Benchmark Replacement in respect of Loans denominated in Sterling, the Bank of England, or a committee officially endorsed or convened by the Bank of England or, in each case, any successor thereto, (iii) with respect to a Benchmark Replacement in respect of Loans denominated in Euros, the European Central Bank, or a committee officially endorsed or convened by the European Central Bank or, in each case, any successor thereto, (iv) with respect to a Benchmark Replacement in respect of Loans denominated in Swiss Francs, the Swiss National Bank, or a committee officially endorsed or convened by the Swiss National Bank or, in each case, any successor thereto, (v) with respect to a Benchmark Replacement in respect of Loans denominated in Yen, the Bank of Japan, or a committee officially endorsed or convened by the Bank of Japan or, in each case, any successor thereto, and (vi) with respect to a Benchmark Replacement in respect of Loans denominated in any other Agreed Foreign Currency, (a) the central bank for the currency in which such Benchmark Replacement is denominated or any central bank or other supervisor which is responsible for supervising either (1) such Benchmark Replacement or (2) the administrator of such Benchmark Replacement or (b) any working group or committee officially endorsed or convened by (1) the central bank for the currency in which such Benchmark Replacement is denominated, (2) any central bank or other supervisor that is responsible for supervising either (A) such Benchmark Replacement or (B) the administrator of such Benchmark Replacement, (3) a group of those central banks or other supervisors or (4) the Financial Stability Board or any part thereof.

 

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Relevant Rate” means (i) with respect to any Term Benchmark Borrowing denominated in Dollars, the Adjusted Term SOFR Rate, (ii) with respect to any Term Benchmark Borrowing denominated in Euros, the Adjusted EURIBOR Rate, (iii) with respect to any Term Benchmark Borrowing denominated in Yen, the Adjusted TIBOR Rate, (iv) with respect to any Term Benchmark Borrowing denominated in a Local Rate Currency, the applicable Local Rate, (v) with respect to any Borrowing denominated in Sterling or CHF, the applicable Adjusted Daily Simple RFR, (vi) with respect to any Swingline Loan denominated in Euros, Daily Simple ESTR, (vii) with respect to any Swingline Loan denominated in Dollars, the Alternate Base Rate, (viii) with respect to any Swingline Loan denominated in CAD, the Canadian Prime Rate and (ix) with respect to any Swingline Loan denominated in Yen, Daily Simple TONAR.

 

Relevant Screen Rate” means (i) with respect to any Term Benchmark Borrowing denominated in Dollars, the Term SOFR Reference Rate, (ii) with respect to any Term Benchmark Borrowing denominated in Euros, the EURIBOR Screen Rate, or (iii) with respect to any Term Benchmark Borrowing denominated in Yen, the TIBOR Screen Rate or (iv) with respect to any Term Benchmark Borrowing denominated in any Local Rate Currency, the applicable Local Screen Rate.

 

Required Lendersmeans, at any time, Lenders having Revolving Credit Exposures and unused Commitments representing more than 50% of the sum of the total Revolving Credit Exposures and unused Commitments at such time; provided that the Revolving Credit Exposure and unused Commitments of any Defaulting Lender shall be disregarded in the determination of Required Lenders. The Required Lenders of a Class (which shall include the terms “Required Dollar Lenders” and “Required Multicurrency Lenders”) means Lenders having Revolving Credit Exposures and unused Commitments of such Class representing more than 50% of the sum of the total Revolving Credit Exposures and unused Commitments of such Class at such time.

 

Resolution Authority” means an EEA Resolution Authority or, with respect to any UK Financial Institution, a UK Resolution Authority.

 

Restricted Payment” means any dividend or other distribution (whether in cash, securities or other property) with respect to any shares of any class of Capital Stock of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries, or any payment (whether in cash, securities or other property), including any sinking fund or similar deposit, on account of the purchase, redemption, retirement, acquisition, cancellation or termination of any such shares of Capital Stock of the Borrower or any option, warrant or other right to acquire any such shares of Capital Stock of the Borrower.

 

Revaluation Date” shall mean (a) with respect to any Loan denominated in any Agreed Foreign Currency, each of the following: (i) the date of the Borrowing of such Loan and (ii) each date of a conversion into or continuation of such Loan pursuant to the terms of this Agreement; (b) with respect to any Letter of Credit denominated in an Agreed Foreign Currency, each of the following: (i) the date on which such Letter of Credit is issued, (ii) the first Business Day of each calendar month and (iii) the date of any amendment of such Letter of Credit that has the effect of increasing the face amount thereof; and (c) any additional date as the Administrative Agent may determine at any time when an Event of Default exists.

 

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Revolving Credit Exposure” means, with respect to any Lender at any time, the sum of the outstanding principal amount of such Lender’s Revolving Dollar Credit Exposure and Revolving Multicurrency Credit Exposure at such time.

 

Revolving Dollar Credit Exposure” means, with respect to any Lender at any time, the sum of the outstanding principal amount of such Lender’s Loans, Dollar LC Exposure and Swingline Exposure, at such time made or incurred under the Dollar Commitments.

 

Revolving Multicurrency Credit Exposure” means, with respect to any Lender at any time, the sum of the outstanding principal amount of such Lender’s Loans, Multicurrency LC Exposure and Swingline Exposure, at such time made or incurred under the Multicurrency Commitments.

 

RFRmeans, (i) for any RFR Loan denominated in Sterling, SONIA and (ii) for any RFR Loan denominated in CHF, SARON.

 

RFR Borrowing” means, as to any Borrowing, the RFR Loans comprising such Borrowing.

 

RFR Business Daymeans for any Loan denominated in (A) Sterling, any day except for (i) a Saturday, (ii) a Sunday or (iii) a day on which banks are closed for general business in London and (B) CHF, any day except for (i) a Saturday, (ii) a Sunday or (iii) a day on which banks are closed for the settlement of payments and foreign exchange transactions in Zurich.

 

RFR Interest Day” has the meaning specified in the definition of “Daily Simple RFR”.

 

RFR Loan” means a Loan that bears interest at a rate based on the Adjusted Daily Simple RFR.

 

RIC” means a person qualifying for treatment as a “regulated investment company” under the Code.

 

Sanctioned Country” means, at any time, a country, region or territory which is itself the subject or target of any Sanctions (as of the Effective Date, the so-called Donetsk People’s Republic, the so-called Luhansk People’s Republic, Crimea region of Ukraine, the non-government controlled areas of Zaporizhzhia and Kherson within Ukraine, Cuba, Iran, North Korea and Syria).

 

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Sanctioned Person” means, at any time, (a) any Person listed in any Sanctions-related list of designated Persons maintained by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Department of the Treasury or the U.S. Department of State or by the United Nations Security Council, the European Union or any EU member state or otherwise the subject of any Sanctions, (b) any Person operating, organized or resident in a Sanctioned Country or (c) any Person owned or controlled by any such Person or Persons. For purposes of this definition, “Person” shall include a vessel.

 

S&P” means Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services, a division of The McGraw Hill Companies, Inc., a New York corporation, or any successor thereto.

 

Sanctions” means all economic or financial sanctions or trade embargoes imposed, administered or enforced from time to time by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Department of the Treasury, the U.S. Department of State, the United Nations Security Council, the European Union or His Majesty’s Treasury of the United Kingdom and each other relevant jurisdiction.

 

SARON” means, with respect to any Business Day, a rate per annum equal to the Swiss Average Rate Overnight for such Business Day published by the SARON Administrator on the SARON Administrator’s Website.

 

SARON Administrator” means the SIX Swiss Exchange AG (or any successor administrator of the Swiss Average Rate Overnight).

 

SARON Administrator’s Website” means SIX Swiss Exchange AG’s website, currently at https://www.six-group.com, or any successor source for the Swiss Average Rate Overnight identified as such by the SARON Administrator from time to time.

 

SBA” means the United States Small Business Administration or any Governmental Authority succeeding to any or all of the functions thereof.

 

SBIC Subsidiarymeans any direct or indirect wholly-owned Subsidiary (including such Subsidiary’s general partner or managing entity to the extent that the only material asset of such general partner or managing entity is its equity interest in the SBIC Subsidiary) of the Borrower licensed as a small business investment company under the Small Business Investment Act of 1958, as amended (or that has applied for such a license and is actively pursuing the granting thereof by appropriate proceedings promptly instituted and diligently conducted), and which is designated by the Borrower (pursuant to a certificate of a Financial Officer delivered to the Administrative Agent) as an SBIC Subsidiary.

 

Scheduled Payment Date” means, the 20th day of each calendar month after (but not including) the Commitment Termination Date through and including the Maturity Date.

 

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Secured Obligations” has the meaning set forth in the Guarantee and Security Agreement. The Secured Obligations shall in no event include Excluded Swap Obligations.

 

Security Documents” means, collectively, the Guarantee and Security Agreement, all Uniform Commercial Code financing statements filed with respect to the security interests in personal property created pursuant to the Guarantee and Security Agreement and all other assignments, pledge agreements, security agreements, intercreditor agreements, control agreements and other instruments executed and delivered at any time by any of the Obligors pursuant to the Guarantee and Security Agreement or otherwise providing or relating to any collateral security for any of the Secured Obligations.

 

SEK Screen Rate” means, with respect to any Interest Period, the Stockholm interbank offered rate administered by the Swedish Bankers’ Association ( or any other person that takes over the administration of that rate) for deposits in Swedish Krona with a term equivalent to such Interest Period as displayed on the Reuters screen page that displays such rate (or, in the event such rate does not appear on such Reuters page, on any successor or substitute page on such screen that displays such rate, or on the appropriate page of such other information service that publishes such rate as shall be selected by the Administrative Agent from time to time in its reasonable discretion) as of 11:00 a.m. London time two business days prior to the commencement of such Interest Period. If the SEK Screen Rate shall be less than zero, the SEK Screen Rate shall be deemed to be zero for purposes of this Agreement.

 

Shareholders’ Equity” means, at any date, the amount determined on a consolidated basis, without duplication, in accordance with GAAP, of shareholders’ equity for the Borrower and its Subsidiaries at such date.

 

Shares” means the unit of beneficial interest in the trust estate of the Borrower.

 

Shorter Term Unsecured Indebtedness” means (a) all unsecured indebtedness issued after the Effective Date that has a maturity date earlier than 6 months after the Maturity Date and an initial term of at least three (3) years at issuance, except to the extent such unsecured indebtedness constitutes Special Longer Term Unsecured Indebtedness, and (b) any Excess Special Longer Term Unsecured Indebtedness.

 

Significant Subsidiary” means, at any time of determination, any (a) Obligor or (b) any other Subsidiary that, on a consolidated basis with its Subsidiaries, has aggregate assets or aggregate revenues greater than 10% of the aggregate assets or aggregate revenues of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, at such time.

 

SMBC” means Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation.

 

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SOFR” means, with respect to any Business Day, a rate per annum equal to the secured overnight financing rate for such Business Day published by the SOFR Administrator on the SOFR Administrator’s Website.

 

SOFR Administrator” means the NYFRB (or a successor administrator of the secured overnight financing rate).

 

SOFR Administrator’s Website” means the NYFRB’s website, currently at http://www.newyorkfed.org, or any successor source for the secured overnight financing rate identified as such by the SOFR Administrator from time to time.

 

SONIA” means, with respect to any Business Day, a rate per annum equal to the Sterling Overnight Index Average for such Business Day published by the SONIA Administrator on the SONIA Administrator’s Website on the immediately succeeding Business Day.

 

SONIA Administrator” means the Bank of England (or any successor administrator of the Sterling Overnight Index Average).

 

SONIA Administrator’s Website” means the Bank of England’s website, currently at http://www.bankofengland.co.uk, or any successor source for the Sterling Overnight Index Average identified as such by the SONIA Administrator from time to time.

 

Special Equity Interest” means any Equity Interest that is subject to a Lien in favor of creditors of the issuer of such Equity Interest, provided that (a) such Lien was created to secure Indebtedness owing by such issuer to such creditors, (b) such Indebtedness was (i) in existence at the time the Obligors acquired such Equity Interest, (ii) incurred or assumed by such issuer substantially contemporaneously with such acquisition or (iii) already subject to a Lien granted to such creditors and (c) unless such Equity Interest is not intended to be included in the Collateral, the documentation creating or governing such Lien does not prohibit the inclusion of such Equity Interest in the Collateral.

 

Special Longer Term Unsecured Indebtedness” means indebtedness issued after the Effective Date that (a) has a maturity date of at least five years from its date of issue, (b) has terms substantially comparable to market terms for substantially similar debt of other similarly situated borrowers as determined by the Borrower in good faith, and (c) is not secured by any assets of any Obligor; provided, that any incremental issuance of indebtedness under a prior issuance of Special Longer Term Unsecured Indebtedness shall be considered Special Longer Term Unsecured Indebtedness so long as the final maturity date for such incremental indebtedness is after the Maturity Date.

 

Special Shorter Term Unsecured Indebtedness” means indebtedness issued after the Effective Date that (a) has a maturity date of less than three years from its date of issue, and (b) is not secured by any assets of any Obligor.

 

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Standard Securitization Undertakings” means, collectively, (a) customary arms-length servicing obligations (together with any related performance guarantees), (b) obligations (together with any related performance guarantees) to refund the purchase price or grant purchase price credits for dilutive events or misrepresentations (in each case unrelated to the collectability of the assets sold or the creditworthiness of the associated account debtors ) and (c) representations, warranties, covenants and indemnities (together with any related performance guarantees) of a type that are reasonably customary in accounts receivable securitizations or securitizations of financial assets.

 

Statutory Reserve Ratemeans a fraction (expressed as a decimal), the numerator of which is the number one and the denominator of which is the number one minus the aggregate of the maximum reserve percentage (including any marginal, special, emergency or supplemental reserves) expressed as a decimal established by the Federal Reserve Board to which the Administrative Agent is subject with respect to the Adjusted EURIBOR Rate and/or Adjusted TIBOR Rate for eurocurrency funding (currently referred to as “Eurocurrency liabilities” in Regulation D) or any other reserve ratio or analogous requirement of any central banking or financial regulatory authority imposed in respect of the maintenance of the Commitments or the funding of the Loans. Such reserve percentage shall include those imposed pursuant to Regulation D. Term Benchmark Loans for which the associated Benchmark is adjusted by reference to the Statutory Reserve Rate (per the related definition of such Benchmark) shall be deemed to constitute eurocurrency funding and to be subject to such reserve requirements without benefit of or credit for proration, exemptions or offsets that may be available from time to time to any Lender under Regulation D or any comparable regulation. The Statutory Reserve Rate shall be adjusted automatically on and as of the effective date of any change in any reserve percentage.

 

Subsidiary” means, with respect to any Person (the “parent”) at any date, any corporation, limited liability company, partnership, association or other entity the accounts of which would be consolidated with those of the parent in the parent’s consolidated financial statements if such financial statements were prepared in accordance with GAAP as of such date, as well as any other corporation, limited liability company, partnership, association or other entity (a) of which securities or other ownership interests representing more than 50% of the equity or more than 50% of the ordinary voting power or, in the case of a partnership, more than 50% of the general partnership interests are, as of such date, owned, controlled or held, or (b) that is, as of such date, otherwise Controlled, by the parent or one or more subsidiaries of the parent or by the parent and one or more subsidiaries of the parent. Anything herein to the contrary notwithstanding, the term “Subsidiary” shall not include any Person that constitutes an Investment held by any Obligor in the ordinary course of business and that is not, under GAAP, consolidated on the financial statements of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries. Unless otherwise specified, “Subsidiary” means a Subsidiary of the Borrower.

 

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Subsidiary Guarantor” means any Subsidiary of the Borrower that is a Guarantor under the Guarantee and Security Agreement. It is understood and agreed that Excluded Assets shall not be required to be Subsidiary Guarantors.

 

Supported QFC” has the meaning assigned to it in Section 9.18.

 

Swap Obligation” means, with respect to any Subsidiary Guarantor, any obligation to pay or perform under any Hedging Agreement that constitutes a “swap” within the meaning of Section 1a(47) of the Commodity Exchange Act.

 

Swedish Krona” or “SEK” means the lawful currency of Sweden.

 

Swingline Exposure” means, at any time, the aggregate principal amount of all Swingline Loans outstanding at such time. The Swingline Exposure of any Lender at any time shall be the sum of (i) its Applicable Dollar Percentage of the total Swingline Exposure incurred under the Dollar Commitments and (ii) its Applicable Multicurrency Percentage of the total Swingline Exposure at such time incurred under the Multicurrency Commitments.

 

Swingline Lender” means each of JPMCB, Truist, SMBC and Wells Fargo, in its capacity as lender of Swingline Loans hereunder, and its successors, and any other Lender that agrees to become a “Swingline Lender” (subject to the consent and approval of the Administrative Agent and the Borrower), in each case, in such capacity as provided in Section 2.19(d).

 

Swingline Loan” means a Loan made pursuant to Section 2.19.

 

TARGET Day” means any day on which TARGET2 (or, if such payment system ceases to be operative, such other payment system, if any, determined by the Administrative Agent to be a suitable replacement) is open for the settlement of payments in Euro.

 

TARGET2” means the Trans-European Automated Real-time Gross Settlement Express Transfer payment system which utilizes a single shared platform and which was launched on November 19, 2007.

 

Taxes” means any and all present or future taxes, levies, imposts, duties, deductions, charges or withholdings (including backup withholding), assessments or fees imposed by any Governmental Authority, including any interest, additions to tax or penalties applicable thereto.

 

Term Benchmark” when used in reference to any Loan or Borrowing, refers to whether such Loan, or the Loans comprising such Borrowing, are bearing interest at a rate determined by reference to the Adjusted Term SOFR Rate, the Adjusted EURIBOR Rate, the Adjusted TIBOR Rate or the applicable Local Rate, other than pursuant to clause (c) of the definition of “Alternate Base Rate”.

 

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Term SOFR Determination Day” has the meaning assigned to it under the definition of Term SOFR Reference Rate.

 

Term SOFR Rate” means, with respect to any Term Benchmark Borrowing denominated in Dollars and for any tenor comparable to the applicable Interest Period, the Term SOFR Reference Rate at approximately 5:00 a.m., Chicago time, two U.S. Government Securities Business Days prior to the commencement of such tenor comparable to the applicable Interest Period, as such rate is published by the CME Term SOFR Administrator.

 

Term SOFR Reference Rate” means, for any day and time (such day, the “Term SOFR Determination Day”), with respect to any Term Benchmark Borrowing denominated in Dollars and for any tenor comparable to the applicable Interest Period, the rate per annum determined by the Administrative Agent as the forward-looking term rate based on SOFR. If by 5:00 pm (New York City time) on such Term SOFR Determination Day, the “Term SOFR Reference Rate” for the applicable tenor has not been published by the CME Term SOFR Administrator and a Benchmark Replacement Date with respect to the Term SOFR Rate has not occurred, then the Term SOFR Reference Rate for such Term SOFR Determination Day will be the Term SOFR Reference Rate as published in respect of the first preceding U.S. Government Securities Business Day for which such Term SOFR Reference Rate was published by the CME Term SOFR Administrator, so long as such first preceding Business Day is not more than five (5) Business Days prior to such Term SOFR Determination Day.

 

TIBOR Rate” means, with respect to any Term Benchmark Borrowing denominated in Yen and for any Interest Period, the TIBOR Screen Rate two Business Days prior to the commencement of such Interest Period.

 

TIBOR Screen Rate” means the Tokyo interbank offered rate administered by the Ippan Shadan Hojin JBA TIBOR Administration (or any other person which takes over the administration of that rate) for the relevant currency and period displayed on page DTIBOR01 of the Reuters screen (or, in the event such rate does not appear on such Reuters page or screen, on any successor or substitute page on such screen that displays such rate, or on the appropriate page of such other information service that publishes such rate as selected by the Administrative Agent from time to time in its reasonable discretion) as published at approximately 1:00 p.m. Japan time two Business Days prior to the commencement of such Interest Period.

 

Transactions” means the execution, delivery and performance by the Borrower of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents, the borrowing of Loans, the use of the proceeds thereof and the issuance of Letters of Credit hereunder.

 

Truist” means Truist Bank.

 

Type”, when used in reference to any Loan or Borrowing, refers to whether the rate of interest on such Loan, or on the Loans constituting such Borrowing, is determined by reference to a Term Benchmark, Central Bank Rate, RFR, Adjusted EURIBOR Rate, Adjusted Daily Simple RFR, Adjusted Term SOFR Rate, Adjusted TIBOR Rate, AUD Rate, CDOR Rate, SEK Screen Rate or the Alternate Base Rate.

 

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UK Financial Institution” means any BRRD Undertaking (as such term is defined under the PRA Rulebook (as amended from time to time) promulgated by the United Kingdom Prudential Regulation Authority) or any person subject to IFPRU 11.6 of the FCA Handbook (as amended from time to time) promulgated by the United Kingdom Financial Conduct Authority, which includes certain credit institutions and investment firms, and certain affiliates of such credit institutions or investment firms.

 

UK Resolution Authority” means the Bank of England or any other public administrative authority having responsibility for the resolution of any UK Financial Institution.

 

Unadjusted Benchmark Replacement” means the applicable Benchmark Replacement excluding the related Benchmark Replacement Adjustment.

 

Uniform Commercial Code” means the Uniform Commercial Code as in effect from time to time in the State of New York.

 

Unquoted Investments” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.12(b)(ii)(B).

 

Unsecured Indebtedness” means any Indebtedness of an Obligor (which may be Guaranteed by one or more other Obligors) that (a) has no amortization prior to, and a final maturity date not earlier than, six months after the Maturity Date, (b) has terms substantially comparable to market terms for substantially similar debt of other similarly situated borrowers as determined by the Borrower in good faith and (c) is not secured by any assets of any Obligor.

 

U.S. Government Securities” means securities that are direct obligations of, and obligations the timely payment of principal and interest on which is fully guaranteed by, the United States or any agency or instrumentality of the United States the obligations of which are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States and in the form of conventional bills, bonds, and notes.

 

U.S. Government Securities Business Day” means any day except for (i) a Saturday, (ii) a Sunday or (iii) a day on which the Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association recommends that the fixed income departments of its members be closed for the entire day for purposes of trading in United States government securities.

 

U.S. Special Resolution Regime” has the meaning assigned to it in Section 9.18.

 

Valuation Policy” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.12(b)(ii)(B).

 

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Value” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.13.

 

Wells Fargo” means Wells Fargo Bank, N.A.

 

Withdrawal Liability” means liability to a Multiemployer Plan as a result of a “complete withdrawal” or “partial withdrawal” from such Multiemployer Plan, as such terms are defined in Sections 4203 and 4205 of ERISA.

 

Withholding Agent” means the Borrower and the Administrative Agent.

 

Write-Down and Conversion Powers” means, (a) with respect to any EEA Resolution Authority, the write-down and conversion powers of such EEA Resolution Authority from time to time under the Bail-In Legislation for the applicable EEA Member Country, which write-down and conversion powers are described in the EU Bail-In Legislation Schedule, and (b) with respect to the United Kingdom, any powers of the applicable Resolution Authority under the Bail-In Legislation to cancel, reduce, modify or change the form of a liability of any UK Financial Institution or any contract or instrument under which that liability arises, to convert all or part of that liability into shares, securities or obligations of that person or any other person, to provide that any such contract or instrument is to have effect as if a right had been exercised under it or to suspend any obligation in respect of that liability or any of the powers under that Bail-In Legislation that are related to or ancillary to any of those powers.

 

Yen” or “¥” mean the lawful currency of Japan.

 

SECTION 1.02.      Classification of Loans and Borrowings. For purposes of this Agreement, Loans, Letters of Credit and LC Exposure may be classified and referred to by Class (e.g., a “Dollar Loan” “or “Multicurrency Loan”), by Type (e.g., an “ABR Loan”, “RFR Loan”, “Local Rate Loan” or “Term Benchmark Loan”) or by Class and Type (e.g., a “Revolving Term Benchmark Loan”). Borrowings also may be classified and referred to by Class (e.g., a “Term Borrowing” or “Revolving Borrowing”), by Type (e.g., an “ABR Borrowing”) or by Class and Type (e.g., a “Multicurrency Term Benchmark Borrowing”). Loans and Borrowings may also be identified as “Multicurrency” or “Dollar” or otherwise by Currency.

 

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SECTION 1.03.      Terms Generally. The definitions of terms herein shall apply equally to the singular and plural forms of the terms defined. Whenever the context may require, any pronoun shall include the corresponding masculine, feminine and neuter forms. The words “include”, “includes” and “including” shall be deemed to be followed by the phrase “without limitation”. The word “will” shall be construed to have the same meaning and effect as the word “shall”. Unless the context requires otherwise (a) any definition of or reference to any agreement, instrument or other document herein shall be construed as referring to such agreement, instrument or other document as from time to time amended, restated, amended and restated, supplemented, renewed or otherwise modified (subject to any restrictions on such amendments, supplements, renewals or modifications set forth herein), (b) any reference herein to any Person shall be construed to include such Person’s successors and assigns, (c) the words “herein”, “hereof” and “hereunder”, and words of similar import, shall be construed to refer to this Agreement in its entirety and not to any particular provision hereof, (d) all references herein to Articles, Sections, Exhibits and Schedules shall be construed to refer to Articles and Sections of, and Exhibits and Schedules to, this Agreement and (e) the words “asset” and “property” shall be construed to have the same meaning and effect and to refer to any and all tangible and intangible assets and properties, including cash, securities, accounts and contract rights.

 

SECTION 1.04.      Accounting Terms; GAAP. Except as otherwise expressly provided herein, all terms of an accounting or financial nature shall be construed in accordance with GAAP, as in effect from time to time; provided that, if the Borrower notifies the Administrative Agent that the Borrower requests an amendment to any provision hereof to eliminate the effect of any change occurring after the Effective Date in GAAP or in the application thereof on the operation of such provision (or if the Administrative Agent notifies the Borrower that the Required Lenders request an amendment to any provision hereof for such purpose), regardless of whether any such notice is given before or after such change in GAAP or in the application thereof, then such provision shall be interpreted on the basis of GAAP as in effect and applied immediately before such change shall have become effective until such notice shall have been withdrawn or such provision amended in accordance herewith. The Borrower covenants and agrees with the Lenders that whether or not the Borrower may at any time adopt Financial Accounting Standard No. 159 (or successor standard solely as it relates to fair valuing liabilities) or accounts for liabilities acquired in an acquisition on a fair value basis pursuant to Financial Accounting Standard No. 141(R) (or successor standard solely as it relates to fair valuing liabilities), all determinations of compliance with the terms and conditions of this Agreement shall be made on the basis that the Borrower has not adopted Financial Accounting Standard No. 159 (or such successor standard solely as it relates to fair valuing liabilities) or, in the case of liabilities acquired in an acquisition, Financial Accounting Standard No. 141(R) (or such successor standard solely as it relates to fair valuing liabilities); provided that, if the Borrower shall at any time adopt Financial Accounting Standard No. 159, or if Financial Accounting Standard No. 141(R) shall apply with respect to any acquired assets or liabilities, for purposes of calculating compliance with Section 6.07(a) and Section 6.07(b) after such adoption.

 

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SECTION 1.05.      Currencies; Currency Equivalents; Benchmark Notification.

 

(a)            Currencies Generally. At any time, any reference in the definition of the term “Agreed Foreign Currency” or in any other provision of this Agreement to the Currency of any particular nation means the lawful currency of such nation at such time whether or not the name of such Currency is the same as it was on the Effective Date. Except as provided in Section 2.09(b) and the last sentence of Section 2.16(a), for purposes of determining (i) whether the amount of any Borrowing or Letter of Credit under the Multicurrency Commitments, together with all other Borrowings and Letters of Credit under the Multicurrency Commitments then outstanding or to be borrowed at the same time as such Borrowing, would exceed the aggregate amount of the Multicurrency Commitments, (ii) the aggregate unutilized amount of the Multicurrency Commitments, (iii) the Revolving Multicurrency Credit Exposure, (iv) the Multicurrency LC Exposure, (v) the Covered Debt Amount and (vi) the Borrowing Base or the Value of any Portfolio Investment, the outstanding principal amount of any Borrowing or Letter of Credit that is denominated in any Foreign Currency or the Value of any Portfolio Investment that is denominated in any Foreign Currency shall be deemed to be the Dollar Equivalent of the amount of the Foreign Currency of such Borrowing, Letter of Credit or the Portfolio Investment, as the case may be, determined as of the most recent Revaluation Date or, in the case of a Portfolio Investment, the date of valuation of such Portfolio Investment. Wherever in this Agreement in connection with a Borrowing, conversion, continuation or prepayment of a Loan or the issuance, amendment or extension of a Letter of Credit, an amount, such as a required minimum or multiple amount, is expressed in Dollars, but such Borrowing or Loan is denominated in a Foreign Currency, such amount shall be the relevant Foreign Currency Equivalent of such Dollar amount (rounded to the nearest 1,000 units of such Foreign Currency).

 

The Administrative Agent shall determine the Exchange Rate for any Foreign Currency as of each Revaluation Date to be used for calculating the Dollar Equivalent amounts of Loans, Letters of Credit and Revolving Credit Exposure denominated in such Foreign Currency. Such Exchange Rate shall become effective as of such Revaluation Date and shall be the Exchange Rate employed in converting any amounts between the applicable currencies until the next Revaluation Date to occur. Except for purposes of financial statements delivered pursuant to Section 5.01 or except as otherwise provided herein, the applicable amount of any currency (other than Dollars) for purposes of the Loan Documents shall be such Dollar Equivalent amount as so determined by the Administrative Agent.

 

(b)            Special Provisions Relating to Euro. Each obligation hereunder of any party hereto that is denominated in the National Currency of a state that is not a Participating Member State on the Effective Date shall, effective from the date on which such state becomes a Participating Member State, be redenominated in Euro in accordance with the legislation of the European Union applicable to the European Monetary Union; provided that, if and to the extent that any such legislation provides that any such obligation of any such party payable within such Participating Member State by crediting an account of the creditor can be paid by the debtor either in Euros or such National Currency, such party shall be entitled to pay or repay such amount either in Euros or in such National Currency. If the basis of accrual of interest or fees expressed in this Agreement with respect to an Agreed Foreign Currency of any country that becomes a Participating Member State after the date on which such currency becomes an Agreed Foreign Currency shall be inconsistent with any convention or practice in the interbank market for the basis of accrual of interest or fees in respect of the Euro, such convention or practice shall replace such expressed basis effective as of and from the date on which such state becomes a Participating Member State; provided that, with respect to any Borrowing denominated in such currency that is outstanding immediately prior to such date, such replacement shall take effect at the end of the Interest Period therefor.

 

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Without prejudice to the respective liabilities of the Borrower to the Lenders and the Lenders to the Borrower under or pursuant to this Agreement, each provision of this Agreement shall be subject to such reasonable changes of construction as the Administrative Agent may from time to time, in consultation with the Borrower, reasonably specify to be necessary or appropriate to reflect the introduction or changeover to the Euro in any country that becomes a Participating Member State after the Effective Date; provided that the Administrative Agent shall provide the Borrower and the Lenders with prior notice of the proposed change with an explanation of such change in sufficient time to permit the Borrower and the Lenders an opportunity to respond to such proposed change.

 

(c)            Benchmark Notification. The interest rate on a Loan denominated in Dollars or an Agreed Foreign Currency may be derived from an interest rate benchmark that may be discontinued or is, or may in the future become, the subject of regulatory reform. Upon the occurrence of a Benchmark Transition Event, Section 2.12(b) provides a mechanism for determining an alternative rate of interest. The Administrative Agent does not warrant or accept any responsibility for, and shall not have any liability with respect to, the administration, submission, performance or any other matter related to any interest rate used in this Agreement, or with respect to any alternative or successor rate thereto, or replacement rate thereof, including without limitation, whether the composition or characteristics of any such alternative, successor or replacement reference rate will be similar to, or produce the same value or economic equivalence of, the existing interest rate being replaced or have the same volume or liquidity as did any existing interest rate prior to its discontinuance or unavailability. The Administrative Agent and its affiliates and/or other related entities may engage in transactions that affect the calculation of any interest rate used in this Agreement or any alternative, successor or alternative rate (including any Benchmark Replacement) and/or any relevant adjustments thereto, in each case, in a manner adverse to the Borrower. The Administrative Agent may select information sources or services in its reasonable discretion to ascertain any interest rate used in this Agreement, any component thereof, or rates referenced in the definition thereof, in each case pursuant to the terms of this Agreement, and shall have no liability to the Borrower, any Lender or any other person or entity for damages of any kind, including direct or indirect, special, punitive, incidental or consequential damages, costs, losses or expenses (whether in tort, contract or otherwise and whether at law or in equity), for any error or calculation of any such rate (or component thereof) provided by any such information source or service.

 

SECTION 1.06.      Divisions.

 

For all purposes under the Loan Documents, in connection with any division or plan of division under Delaware law (or any comparable event under a different jurisdiction’s laws): (a) if any asset, right, obligation or liability of any Person becomes the asset, right, obligation or liability of a different Person, then it shall be deemed to have been transferred from the original Person to the subsequent Person, and (b) if any new Person comes into existence, such new Person shall be deemed to have been organized on the first date of its existence by the holders of its Equity Interests at such time.

 

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ARTICLE II
THE CREDITS

 

SECTION 2.01.      The Commitments.

 

Subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein (including Section 2.07(f)):

 

(a)            each Dollar Lender agrees to make Loans in Dollars to the Borrower from time to time during the Availability Period in an aggregate principal amount that will not result in (i) such Lender’s Revolving Dollar Credit Exposure exceeding such Lender’s Dollar Commitment, (ii) the aggregate Revolving Dollar Credit Exposure of all of the Lenders exceeding the Dollar Commitments, or (iii) the total Covered Debt Amount exceeding the Borrowing Base then in effect; and

 

(b)            each Multicurrency Lender agrees to make Loans in Dollars or in any Agreed Foreign Currency to the Borrower from time to time during the Availability Period in an aggregate principal amount that will not result in (i) such Lender’s Revolving Multicurrency Credit Exposure exceeding such Lender’s Multicurrency Commitment, (ii) the aggregate Revolving Multicurrency Credit Exposure of all of the Lenders exceeding the Multicurrency Commitments, or (iii) the total Covered Debt Amount exceeding the Borrowing Base then in effect.

 

Within the foregoing limits and subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein, the Borrower may borrow, prepay and reborrow Loans.

 

SECTION 2.02.      Loans and Borrowings.

 

(a)            Obligations of Lenders. Each Loan shall be made as part of a Borrowing consisting of Loans of the same Class, Currency and Type made by the applicable Lenders ratably in accordance with their respective Commitments of the same Class. The failure of any Lender to make any Loan required to be made by it shall not relieve any other Lender of its obligations hereunder; provided that the Commitments of the Lenders are several and no Lender shall be responsible for any other Lender’s failure to make Loans as required.

 

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(b)            Type of Loans. Subject to Section 2.12, (i) each Borrowing of a Class shall be constituted entirely of ABR Loans, RFR Loans or of Term Benchmark Loans of such Class denominated in a single Currency as the Borrower may request in accordance herewith. Each ABR Loan shall be denominated in Dollars and (ii) each Pro-Rata Borrowing shall be constituted entirely of ABR Loans or of Term Benchmark Loans denominated in Dollars. Each Lender at its option may make any Term Benchmark Loan or RFR Loans by causing any domestic or foreign branch or Affiliate of such Lender to make such Loan; provided that any exercise of such option shall not affect the obligation of the Borrower to repay such Loan in accordance with the terms of this Agreement.

 

(c)            Minimum Amounts. Each Borrowing (whether Term Benchmark, RFR or ABR) shall be in multiples of $1,000,000 or, with respect to any Agreed Foreign Currency, such smaller minimum amount as may be agreed to by the Administrative Agent; provided that (i) an ABR Borrowing of a Class may be in an aggregate amount that is equal to the entire unused balance of the total Commitments of such Class or that is required to finance the reimbursement of an LC Disbursement of such Class as contemplated by Section 2.04(f) and (ii) any Pro-Rata Borrowing may be in an aggregate amount of $1,000,000 or a larger multiple of $1,000,000. Borrowings of more than one Class, Currency and Type may be outstanding at the same time.

 

(d)            Limitations on Interest Periods. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, the Borrower shall not be entitled to request (or to elect to convert to or continue as a Term Benchmark Borrowing) any Borrowing if the Interest Period requested therefor would end after the Maturity Date.

 

SECTION 2.03.      Requests for Borrowings.

 

(a)            Notice by the Borrower. To request a Borrowing, the Borrower shall deliver a Borrowing Request to the Administrative Agent (i) in the case of a Term Benchmark Borrowing denominated in Dollars, not later than 11:00 a.m., New York City time, three Business Days before the date of the proposed Borrowing, (ii) in the case of a Term Benchmark Borrowing denominated in a Foreign Currency (other than AUD or Yen), not later than 12:00 p.m., New York time, three Business Days before the date of the proposed Borrowing, (iii) in the case of an ABR Borrowing, not later than 11:00 a.m., New York City time, on the date of the proposed Borrowing, (iv) in the case of a Term Benchmark Borrowing denominated in AUD or Yen, not later than 12:00 p.m., New York time, four Business Days before the date of the proposed Borrowing or (v) in the case of an RFR Borrowing denominated in Sterling or CHF, not later than 11:00 a.m., New York City time, three Business Days before the date of the proposed Borrowing; provided in each case, that the date of the such proposed Borrowing is a Business Day. Notwithstanding the other provisions of this Agreement, in the case of any Revolving Borrowing denominated in Dollars, the Borrower may request that such Borrowing be split into a Dollar Loan in an aggregate principal amount equal to the Pro-Rata Dollar Portion and a Multicurrency Loan in an aggregate amount equal to the Pro-Rata Multicurrency Portion (any such Borrowing, a “Pro-Rata Borrowing”). Except as expressly set forth in this Agreement, a Pro-Rata Borrowing shall be treated as being comprised of two separate Borrowings, a Dollar Borrowing under the Dollar Commitments and a Multicurrency Borrowing under the Multicurrency Commitments.

 

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(b)            Content of Borrowing Requests. Each Borrowing Request shall specify the following information in compliance with Section 2.02:

 

(i)             whether such Borrowing is to be made under the Dollar Commitments, the Multicurrency Commitments or a Pro-Rata Borrowing;

 

(ii)            if such Borrowing is a Pro-Rata Borrowing, the Pro-Rata Dollar Portion and the Pro-Rata Multicurrency Portion;

 

(iii)           the aggregate amount and Currency of the requested Borrowing;

 

(iv)           the date of such Borrowing, which shall be a Business Day;

 

(v)            in the case of any Borrowing denominated in Dollars, whether such Borrowing is to be an ABR Borrowing or a Term Benchmark Borrowing;

 

(vi)           in the case of any Borrowing other than an ABR Borrowing, whether such Borrowing is a Term Benchmark or RFR Borrowing, the Interest Period therefor (if a Term Benchmark Borrowing), which shall be a period contemplated by the definition of the term “Interest Period” and permitted under Section 2.02(d); and

 

(vii)          the location and number of the Borrower’s account to which funds are to be disbursed, which shall comply with the requirements of Section 2.05.

 

(c)            Notice by the Administrative Agent to the Lenders. Promptly following receipt of a Borrowing Request in accordance with this Section, the Administrative Agent shall advise each applicable Lender of the details thereof and of the amounts of such Lender’s Loan to be made as part of the requested Borrowing.

 

(d)            Failure to Elect. If no election as to the Class of a Revolving Borrowing is specified, then the requested Borrowing shall be denominated in Dollars and shall be a Pro-Rata Borrowing. If no election as to the Currency of a Revolving Borrowing is specified, then the requested Borrowing shall be denominated in Dollars. If no election as to the Type of a Borrowing is specified, then the requested Borrowing shall be a Term Benchmark Borrowing having an Interest Period of one month and, if an Agreed Foreign Currency has been specified, the requested Borrowing shall be a Term Benchmark Borrowing denominated in such Agreed Foreign Currency and having an Interest Period of one month. If a Term Benchmark Borrowing is requested but no Interest Period is specified, (i) if the Currency specified for such Borrowing is Dollars (or if no Currency has been so specified), the requested Borrowing shall be a Term Benchmark Borrowing denominated in Dollars having an Interest Period of one month’s duration, and (ii) if the Currency specified for such Borrowing is an Agreed Foreign Currency, the Borrower shall be deemed to have selected an Interest Period of one month’s duration; provided, however, if the specified Agreed Foreign Currency is Sterling or CHF, the requested Borrowing shall be an RFR Borrowing.

 

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SECTION 2.04.      Letters of Credit.

 

(a)            General. Subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein, in addition to the Loans provided for in Section 2.01, the Borrower may request any Issuing Bank to issue, at any time and from time to time during the Availability Period, Letters of Credit denominated in Dollars or in any Agreed Foreign Currency for its own account or the account of its designee (provided the Obligors shall remain primarily liable to the Lenders hereunder for payment and reimbursement of all amounts payable in respect of such Letter of Credit hereunder) in such form as is acceptable to such Issuing Bank in its reasonable determination and for the benefit of such named beneficiary or beneficiaries as are specified by the Borrower. Letters of Credit issued hereunder shall constitute utilization of the Multicurrency Commitments or the Dollar Commitments, as applicable, up to the aggregate amount then available to be drawn thereunder. Without limiting any rights of an Issuing Bank under this Section 2.04, no Issuing Bank shall be obligated to issue, amend, renew or extend any Letter of Credit denominated in any Foreign Currency if at the time of such issuance, such Issuing Bank, in its capacity as a Lender, would not be required to make Loans in such Foreign Currency hereunder.

 

(b)            Notice of Issuance, Amendment, Renewal or Extension. To request the issuance of a Letter of Credit (or the amendment, renewal or extension of an outstanding Letter of Credit), the Borrower shall hand deliver or telecopy (or transmit by electronic communication, if arrangements for doing so have been approved by such Issuing Bank) to any Issuing Bank and the Administrative Agent (reasonably in advance of the requested date of issuance, amendment, renewal or extension) a notice requesting the issuance of a Letter of Credit, or identifying the Letter of Credit to be amended, renewed or extended, and specifying the date of issuance, amendment, renewal or extension (which shall be a Business Day), the date on which such Letter of Credit is to expire (which shall comply with paragraph (d) of this Section), the amount, Class and Currency of such Letter of Credit, stating that such Letter of Credit is to be issued under the Multicurrency Commitments or Dollar Commitments, as applicable, the name and address of the beneficiary thereof and such other information as shall be necessary to prepare, amend, renew or extend such Letter of Credit. The Administrative Agent will promptly notify the Lenders following the issuance of any Letter of Credit. If requested by the applicable Issuing Bank, the Borrower also shall submit a letter of credit application on such Issuing Bank’s standard form in connection with any request for a Letter of Credit. In the event of any inconsistency between the terms and conditions of this Agreement and the terms and conditions of any form of letter of credit application or other agreement submitted by the Borrower to, or entered into by the Borrower with, any Issuing Bank relating to any Letter of Credit, the terms and conditions of this Agreement shall control. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the foregoing, Letters of Credit requested from Truist shall be available in Dollars only.

 

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(c)            Limitations on Amounts. A Letter of Credit shall be issued, amended, renewed or extended only if (and upon issuance, amendment, renewal or extension of each Letter of Credit the Borrower shall be deemed to represent and warrant that), after giving effect to such issuance, amendment, renewal or extension (i) the aggregate LC Exposure of the Issuing Banks (determined for these purposes without giving effect to the participations therein of the Lenders pursuant to paragraph (e) of this Section) shall not exceed $100,000,000, (ii) the aggregate LC Exposure of the applicable Issuing Bank requested to issue such Letter of Credit (determined for these purposes without giving effect to the participations therein of the Lenders pursuant to paragraph (e) of this Section) shall not exceed the amount set forth opposite the name of such Issuing Bank in Schedule IX hereto (or such greater amount as agreed by such Issuing Bank, the Borrower and the Administrative Agent), (iii) the total Revolving Multicurrency Credit Exposures shall not exceed the aggregate Multicurrency Commitments and the total Revolving Dollar Credit Exposure shall not exceed the aggregate Dollar Commitments, and (iv) the total Covered Debt Amount shall not exceed the Borrowing Base then in effect.

 

(d)            Expiration Date. Each Letter of Credit shall expire at or prior to the close of business on the date twelve months after the date of the issuance of such Letter of Credit (or, in the case of any renewal or extension thereof, twelve months after the then-current expiration date of such Letter of Credit, so long as such renewal or extension occurs within three months of such then-current expiration date); provided that any Letter of Credit with a one-year term may provide for the renewal thereof for additional one-year periods; provided further, that in no event shall a Letter of Credit which expires after the Commitment Termination Date be renewed and no Letter of Credit shall have an expiry date after the Maturity Date.

 

(e)            Participations. By the issuance of a Letter of Credit (or an amendment to a Letter of Credit increasing the amount thereof) by an Issuing Bank, and without any further action on the part of the Issuing Banks or the Lenders, (i) in the case of a Multicurrency Issuing Bank, such Multicurrency Issuing Bank hereby grants to each Multicurrency Lender, and each Multicurrency Lender hereby acquires from such Multicurrency Issuing Bank, a participation in such Letter of Credit equal to such Lender’s Applicable Multicurrency Percentage of the aggregate amount available to be drawn under such Letter of Credit and (ii) in the case of a Dollar Issuing Bank, such Dollar Issuing Bank hereby grants to each Dollar Lender, and each Dollar Lender hereby acquires from such Dollar Issuing Bank, a participation in such Letter of Credit equal to such Lender’s Applicable Dollar Percentage of the aggregate amount available to be drawn under such Letter of Credit. Each Lender acknowledges and agrees that its obligation to acquire participations pursuant to this paragraph in respect of Letters of Credit is absolute and unconditional and shall not be affected by any circumstance whatsoever, including any amendment, renewal or extension of any Letter of Credit or the occurrence and continuance of a Default or reduction or termination of the applicable Class of Commitments, provided that no Lender shall be required to purchase a participation in a Letter of Credit pursuant to this Section 2.04(e) if (x) the conditions set forth in Section 4.02 would not be satisfied in respect of a Borrowing at the time such Letter of Credit was issued and (y) the Administrative Agent shall have so notified such Issuing Bank in writing at least two Business Days prior to the requested date of issuance of such Letter of Credit and shall not have subsequently determined that the circumstances giving rise to such conditions not being satisfied no longer exist. Unless an Issuing Bank has received written notice from any Lender, the Administrative Agent or the Borrower, at least two Business Days prior to the requested date of issuance of the applicable Letter of Credit, that one or more applicable conditions contained in Section 4.02 shall not then be satisfied, then, subject to the terms and conditions hereof, such Issuing Bank shall be entitled to assume all such conditions are satisfied.

 

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In consideration and in furtherance of the foregoing, (x) each Multicurrency Lender hereby absolutely and unconditionally agrees to pay to the Administrative Agent, for account of each Multicurrency Issuing Bank, such Lender’s Applicable Multicurrency Percentage of each LC Disbursement made by each such Multicurrency Issuing Bank and (y) each Dollar Issuing Bank hereby absolutely and unconditionally agrees to pay to the Administrative Agent, for account of each Dollar Issuing Bank, such Lender’s Applicable Dollar Percentage of each LC Disbursement made by each such Dollar Issuing Bank, in each case, in respect of Letters of Credit promptly upon the request of each such Issuing Bank (which such request shall be made by such Issuing Bank in accordance within the timeframes applicable to the Borrower with respect to a request for Loans in Section 2.03) at any time from the time of such LC Disbursement until such LC Disbursement is reimbursed by the Borrower or at any time after any reimbursement payment is required to be refunded to the Borrower for any reason. Such payment shall be made without any offset, abatement, withholding or reduction whatsoever. Each such payment shall be made in the same manner as provided in Section 2.05 with respect to Loans made by such Lender (and Section 2.05 shall apply, mutatis mutandis, to the payment obligations of the Lenders), and the Administrative Agent shall promptly pay to such Issuing Bank the amounts so received by it from the Lenders. Promptly following receipt by the Administrative Agent of any payment from the Borrower pursuant to the next following paragraph, the Administrative Agent shall distribute such payment to the applicable Issuing Bank or, to the extent that the Lenders have made payments pursuant to this paragraph to reimburse an Issuing Bank, then to such Lenders and such Issuing Banks as their interests may appear. Any payment made by a Lender pursuant to this paragraph to reimburse an Issuing Bank for any LC Disbursement shall not constitute a Loan and shall not relieve the Borrower of its obligation to reimburse such LC Disbursement.

 

(f)             Reimbursement. If an Issuing Bank shall make any LC Disbursement in respect of a Letter of Credit, the Borrower shall reimburse such Issuing Bank in respect of such LC Disbursement by paying to the Administrative Agent an amount equal to such LC Disbursement not later than 12:00 noon, New York City time, on (i) the Business Day that the Borrower receives notice of such LC Disbursement, if such notice is received prior to 10:00 a.m., New York City time, or (ii) the Business Day immediately following the day that the Borrower receives such notice, if such notice is not received prior to such time, provided that, if such LC Disbursement is not less than $1,000,000, the Borrower may, subject to the conditions to borrowing set forth herein, request in accordance with Section 2.03 that such payment be financed with an ABR Borrowing of either Class (or a Pro-Rata Borrowing) in an equivalent amount and, to the extent so financed, the Borrower’s obligation to make such payment shall be discharged and replaced by the resulting ABR Borrowing.

 

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If the Borrower fails to make such payment when due, the Administrative Agent shall notify each affected Lender of the applicable LC Disbursement, the payment then due from the Borrower in respect thereof and such Lender’s Applicable Multicurrency Percentage or Applicable Dollar Percentage thereof.

 

(g)            Obligations Absolute. The Borrower’s obligation to reimburse LC Disbursements as provided in paragraph (f) of this Section shall be absolute, unconditional and irrevocable, and shall be performed strictly in accordance with the terms of this Agreement under any and all circumstances whatsoever and irrespective of (i) any lack of validity or enforceability of any Letter of Credit, or any term or provision therein, (ii) any draft or other document presented under a Letter of Credit proving to be forged, fraudulent or invalid in any respect or any statement therein being untrue or inaccurate in any respect, (iii) payment by an Issuing Bank under a Letter of Credit against presentation of a draft or other document that does not comply strictly with the terms of such Letter of Credit, and (iv) any other event or circumstance whatsoever, whether or not similar to any of the foregoing, that might, but for the provisions of this Section, constitute a legal or equitable discharge of the Borrower’s obligations hereunder.

 

Neither the Administrative Agent, the Lenders nor the Issuing Banks, nor any of their Related Parties, shall have any liability or responsibility by reason of or in connection with the issuance or transfer of any Letter of Credit by the Issuing Banks or any payment or failure to make any payment thereunder (irrespective of any of the circumstances referred to in the preceding sentence), or any error, omission, interruption, loss or delay in transmission or delivery of any draft, notice or other communication under or relating to any Letter of Credit (including any document required to make a drawing thereunder), any error in interpretation of technical terms or any consequence arising from causes beyond the control of the Issuing Banks; provided that the foregoing shall not be construed to excuse any Issuing Bank from liability to the Borrower to the extent of any direct damages (as opposed to consequential damages, claims in respect of which are hereby waived by the Borrower to the extent permitted by applicable law) suffered by the Borrower that are caused by any Issuing Bank’s gross negligence or willful misconduct as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction by final and nonappealable judgment when determining whether drafts and other documents presented under a Letter of Credit comply with the terms thereof. The parties hereto expressly agree that:

 

(i)            the Issuing Banks may accept documents that appear on their face to be in substantial compliance with the terms of a Letter of Credit without responsibility for further investigation, regardless of any notice or information to the contrary, and may make payment upon presentation of documents that appear on their face to be in substantial compliance with the terms of such Letter of Credit;

 

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(ii)            the Issuing Banks shall have the right, in their sole discretion, to decline to accept such documents and to make such payment if such documents are not in strict compliance with the terms of such Letter of Credit; and

 

(iii)            this sentence shall establish the standard of care to be exercised by the Issuing Banks when determining whether drafts and other documents presented under a Letter of Credit comply with the terms thereof (and the parties hereto hereby waive, to the extent permitted by applicable law, any standard of care inconsistent with the foregoing).

 

(h)            Disbursement Procedures. Each Issuing Bank shall, within a reasonable time following its receipt thereof, examine all documents purporting to represent a demand for payment under a Letter of Credit. Each Issuing Bank shall promptly after such examination notify the Administrative Agent and the Borrower in writing of such demand for payment and whether such Issuing Bank has made or will make an LC Disbursement thereunder; provided that any failure to give or delay in giving such notice shall not relieve the Borrower of its obligation to reimburse the applicable Issuing Bank and the applicable Lenders with respect to any such LC Disbursement.

 

(i)             Interim Interest. If any Issuing Bank shall make any LC Disbursement, then, unless the Borrower shall reimburse such LC Disbursement in full on the date such LC Disbursement is made, the unpaid amount thereof shall bear interest, for each day from and including the date such LC Disbursement is made to but excluding the date that the Borrower reimburses such LC Disbursement, at the rate per annum then applicable to ABR Loans; provided that, if the Borrower fails to reimburse such LC Disbursement within two Business Days following the date when due pursuant to paragraph (f) of this Section, then the provisions of Section 2.11(c) shall apply. Interest accrued pursuant to this paragraph shall be for account of the applicable Issuing Bank, except that interest accrued on and after the date of payment by any Lender pursuant to paragraph (f) of this Section to reimburse an Issuing Bank shall be for account of such Lender to the extent of such payment.

 

(j)             Replacement of an Issuing Bank. Any Issuing Bank may be replaced at any time by written agreement between the Borrower, the Administrative Agent, the replaced Issuing Bank and the successor Issuing Bank. In addition, if any Issuing Bank, in its capacity as a Lender, assigns all of its Loans and Commitments in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, such Issuing Bank may, with the prior written consent of the Borrower (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed; provided that no consent of the Borrower shall be required if an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing), resign as an Issuing Bank hereunder upon not less than three Business Days prior written notice to the Administrative Agent and the Borrower. The Administrative Agent shall notify the Lenders of any such replacement or resignation of an Issuing Bank. At the time any such replacement or resignation shall become effective, the Borrower shall pay all unpaid fees accrued for account of the replaced or retiring Issuing Bank pursuant to Section 2.10(b). From and after the effective date of any such replacement, (i) the successor Issuing Bank shall have all the rights and obligations of the replaced Issuing Bank under this Agreement with respect to Letters of Credit to be issued thereafter and (ii) references herein to the term “Issuing Bank” and/or “Issuing Banks” shall be deemed to refer to such successor or successors (and the other current Issuing Banks, if applicable) or to any previous Issuing Bank, or to such successor or successors (and all other current Issuing Banks) and all previous Issuing Banks, as the context shall require. After the replacement or resignation of an Issuing Bank hereunder, the replaced or retiring Issuing Bank shall remain a party hereto and shall continue to have all the rights and obligations of an Issuing Bank under this Agreement with respect to Letters of Credit issued by it prior to such replacement or resignation, but shall not be required to issue additional Letters of Credit.

 

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(k)            Cash Collateralization. If the Borrower shall be required to provide cover for LC Exposure of a Class pursuant to Section 2.08(a), Section 2.09(c), Section 2.09(d) or the last paragraph of Article VII, the Borrower shall immediately deposit into a segregated collateral account or accounts (herein, collectively, the “Letter of Credit Collateral Account”) in the name and under the dominion and control of the Administrative Agent, Cash denominated in the Currency of the Letter of Credit under which such LC Exposure arises in an amount equal to the amount required under Section 2.08(a), Section 2.09(c), Section 2.09(d) or the last paragraph of Article VII, as applicable. Such deposit shall be held by the Administrative Agent as collateral in the first instance for the LC Exposure under this Agreement and thereafter for the payment of the Secured Obligations, and for these purposes the Borrower hereby grants a security interest to the Administrative Agent for the benefit of the Lenders in the Letter of Credit Collateral Account and in any financial assets (as defined in the Uniform Commercial Code) or other property held therein.

 

SECTION 2.05.      Funding of Borrowings.

 

(a)            Funding by Lenders. Each Lender shall make each Loan to be made by it hereunder on the proposed date thereof by wire transfer of immediately available funds by 1:00 p.m., Local Time, to the account of the Administrative Agent most recently designated by it for such purpose by notice to the Lenders. The Administrative Agent will make such Loans available to the Borrower by promptly crediting the amounts so received, in like funds, to an account of the Borrower designated by the Borrower in the applicable Borrowing Request; provided that ABR Borrowings made to finance the reimbursement of an LC Disbursement as provided in Section 2.04(f) shall be remitted by the Administrative Agent to the applicable Issuing Bank.

 

(b)            Presumption by the Administrative Agent. Unless the Administrative Agent shall have received notice from a Lender prior to the proposed date of any Borrowing that such Lender will not make available to the Administrative Agent such Lender’s share of such Borrowing, the Administrative Agent may assume that such Lender has made such share available on such date in accordance with paragraph (a) of this Section and may, in reliance upon such assumption, make available to the Borrower a corresponding amount. In such event, if a Lender has not in fact made its share of the applicable Borrowing available to the Administrative Agent, then the applicable Lender and the Borrower severally agree to pay to the Administrative Agent forthwith on demand such corresponding amount with interest thereon, for each day from and including the date such amount is made available to the Borrower to but excluding the date of payment to the Administrative Agent, at (i) in the case of such Lender, the Federal Funds Effective Rate or (ii) in the case of the Borrower, the interest rate applicable to ABR Loans. If such Lender pays such amount to the Administrative Agent, then such amount shall constitute such Lender’s Loan included in such Borrowing. Nothing in this paragraph shall relieve any Lender of its obligation to fulfill its commitments hereunder, and shall be without prejudice to any claim the Borrower may have against a Lender that shall have failed to make such payment to the Administrative Agent.

 

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SECTION 2.06.      Interest Elections.

 

(a)            Elections by the Borrower for Borrowings. Subject to Section 2.03(d), the Loans constituting each Borrowing initially shall be of the Type specified in the applicable Borrowing Request and, in the case of a Term Benchmark Borrowing, shall have the Interest Period specified in such Borrowing Request. Thereafter, the Borrower may elect to convert such Borrowing to a Borrowing of a different Type or to continue such Borrowing as a Borrowing of the same Type and, in the case of a Term Benchmark Borrowing, may elect the Interest Period therefor, all as provided in this Section; provided, however, that (i) a Borrowing of a Class may only be continued or converted into a Borrowing of the same Class, (ii) a Borrowing denominated in one Currency may not be continued as, or converted to, a Borrowing in a different Currency, (iii) no Borrowing denominated in a Foreign Currency may be continued if, after giving effect thereto, the aggregate Revolving Multicurrency Credit Exposures would exceed the aggregate Multicurrency Commitments, and (iv) a Term Benchmark Borrowing denominated in a Foreign Currency may not be converted to a Borrowing of a different Type. The Borrower may elect different options with respect to different portions of the affected Borrowing, in which case each such portion shall be allocated ratably among the Lenders of the respective Class holding the Loans constituting such Borrowing, and the Loans constituting each such portion shall be considered a separate Borrowing.

 

(b)            Notice of Elections. To make an election pursuant to this Section, the Borrower shall deliver to the Administrative Agent a written Interest Election Request signed by the Borrower by the time that a Borrowing Request would be required under Section 2.03 if the Borrower were requesting a Borrowing of the Type resulting from such election to be made on the effective date of such election. Each such Interest Election Request shall be irrevocable.

 

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(c)            Content of Interest Election Requests. Each written Interest Election Request shall specify the following information in compliance with Section 2.02:

 

(i)             the Borrowing (including the Class) to which such Interest Election Request applies and, if different options are being elected with respect to different portions thereof, the portions thereof to be allocated to each resulting Borrowing (in which case the information to be specified pursuant to clauses (iii) and (iv) of this paragraph shall be specified for each resulting Borrowing);

 

(ii)            the effective date of the election made pursuant to such Interest Election Request, which shall be a Business Day;

 

(iii)           whether, in the case of a Borrowing denominated in Dollars, the resulting Borrowing is to be an ABR Borrowing or a Term Benchmark Borrowing; and

 

(iv)           if the resulting Borrowing is a Term Benchmark Borrowing, the Interest Period therefor after giving effect to such election, which shall be a period contemplated by the definition of the term “Interest Period” and permitted under Section 2.02(d).

 

(d)            Notice by the Administrative Agent to the Lenders. Promptly following receipt of an Interest Election Request, the Administrative Agent shall advise each applicable Lender of the details thereof and of such Lender’s portion of each resulting Borrowing.

 

(e)            Failure to Elect; Events of Default. If the Borrower fails to deliver a timely and complete Interest Election Request with respect to a Term Benchmark Borrowing prior to the end of the Interest Period therefor, then, unless such Borrowing is repaid as provided herein, (i) if such Borrowing is denominated in Dollars, at the end of such Interest Period such Borrowing shall be converted to a Term Benchmark Borrowing of the same Class having an Interest Period of one month, and (ii) if such Borrowing is denominated in a Foreign Currency, the Borrower shall be deemed to have selected an Interest Period of one month’s duration. Notwithstanding any contrary provision hereof, if an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing and the Administrative Agent, at the request of the Required Lenders, so notifies the Borrower, then, so long as an Event of Default is continuing no outstanding Term Benchmark Borrowing may have an Interest Period of more than one month’s duration.

 

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SECTION 2.07.      Termination, Reduction or Increase of the Commitments.

 

(a)            Scheduled Termination. Unless previously terminated (including as set forth in Section 2.07(f) below), the Commitments of each Class shall terminate on the Commitment Termination Date.

 

(b)            Voluntary Termination or Reduction. The Borrower may at any time without premium or penalty terminate, or from time to time reduce, the Commitments; provided that (i) each reduction of the Commitments shall be in an amount that is $25,000,000 (or, if less, the entire remaining amount of the Commitments of any Class) or a larger multiple of $5,000,000 in excess thereof (or the entire amount of the Commitments of such Class) and (ii) the Borrower shall not terminate or reduce the Commitments if, after giving effect to any concurrent prepayment of the Loans in accordance with Section 2.09, the total Revolving Credit Exposures of either Class would exceed the total Commitments of such Class.

 

(c)            Notice of Voluntary Termination or Reduction. The Borrower shall notify the Administrative Agent of any election to terminate or reduce the Commitments under paragraph (b) of this Section at least three Business Days prior to the effective date of such termination or reduction, specifying such election and the effective date thereof. Promptly following receipt of any notice, the Administrative Agent shall advise the applicable Lenders of the contents thereof. Each notice delivered by the Borrower pursuant to this Section shall be irrevocable; provided that a notice of termination of the Commitments of a Class delivered by the Borrower may state that such notice is conditioned upon the effectiveness of other credit facilities, in which case such notice may be revoked by the Borrower (by notice to the Administrative Agent on or prior to the specified effective date) if such condition is not satisfied.

 

(d)            Effect of Termination or Reduction. Any termination or reduction of the Commitments of a Class shall be permanent. Each reduction of the Commitments shall be made ratably among the Lenders in accordance with their respective Commitments of such Class.

 

(e)            Increase of the Commitments.

 

(i)             Requests for Increase by Borrower. The Borrower shall have the right, at any time after the Effective Date but prior to the Commitment Termination Date, to propose that the Commitments of a Class hereunder be increased (each such proposed increase being a “Commitment Increase”) by notice to the Administrative Agent, specifying each existing Lender (each an “Increasing Lender”) and/or each additional lender (each an “Assuming Lender”) that shall have agreed to an additional Commitment and the date on which such increase is to be effective (the “Commitment Increase Date”), which shall be a Business Day at least three Business Days (or such lesser period as the Administrative Agent may reasonably agree) after delivery of such notice and 30 days prior to the Commitment Termination Date; provided that:

 

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(A)             each increase shall be in a minimum amount of at least $25,000,000 or a larger multiple of $5,000,000 in excess thereof (or such lesser amount as the Administrative Agent may reasonably agree);

 

(B)              the aggregate amount of all Commitments outstanding, at any given time, shall not exceed $1,050,000,000;

 

(C)              [Reserved];

 

(D)              in the case of a Commitment Increase under the Commitments, each Assuming Lender shall be consented to by the Administrative Agent and the Issuing Banks;

 

(E)              no Default shall have occurred and be continuing on such Commitment Increase Date or shall result from the proposed Commitment Increase; and

 

(F)              the representations and warranties contained in this Agreement shall be true and correct in all material respects (or, in the case of the representations and warranties in Sections 3.01 (first sentence with respect to the Obligors), 3.02, 3.04, 3.11 and 3.15 of this Agreement, and in Sections 2.01, 2.02 and 2.04 through 2.09 of the Guarantee and Security Agreement, true and correct in all respects) on and as of the Commitment Increase Date as if made on and as of such date (or, if any such representation or warranty is expressly stated to have been made as of a specific date, as of such specific date). No Lender shall be obligated to provide any increased Commitment.

 

(ii)            Effectiveness of Commitment Increase by Borrower. The Assuming Lender, if any, shall become a Lender hereunder as of such Commitment Increase Date and the Commitment of the respective Class of any Increasing Lender and such Assuming Lender shall be increased as of such Commitment Increase Date; provided that:

 

(x)               the Administrative Agent shall have received on or prior to 11:00 a.m., New York City time, on such Commitment Increase Date a certificate of a duly authorized officer of the Borrower stating that each of the applicable conditions to such Commitment Increase set forth in the foregoing paragraph (i) has been satisfied; and

 

(y)               each Assuming Lender or Increasing Lender shall have delivered to the Administrative Agent, on or prior to 11:00 a.m., New York City time, on such Commitment Increase Date, an agreement, in form and substance satisfactory to the Borrower and the Administrative Agent, pursuant to which such Lender shall, effective as of such Commitment Increase Date, undertake a Commitment or an increase of Commitment in each case of the respective Class, duly executed by such Assuming Lender or Increasing Lender, as applicable, and the Borrower and acknowledged by the Administrative Agent.

 

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(iii)           Recordation into Register. Upon its receipt of an agreement referred to in clause (ii)(y) above executed by an Assuming Lender or an Increasing Lender, together with the certificate referred to in clause (ii)(x) above, the Administrative Agent shall, if such agreement has been completed, (x) accept such agreement, (y) record the information contained therein, in the Register and (z) give prompt notice thereof to the Borrower.

 

(iv)           Adjustments of Borrowings upon Effectiveness of Increase. On the Commitment Increase Date, the Borrower shall (A) prepay the outstanding Loans (if any) of the affected Class in full, (B) simultaneously borrow new Loans of such Class hereunder in an amount equal to such prepayment (in the case of Term Benchmark Loans, with Term Benchmark Rates equal to the outstanding Relevant Rate and with Interest Period(s) ending on the date(s) of any then outstanding Interest Period(s)), as applicable (as modified hereby); provided that with respect to subclauses (A) and (B), (x) the prepayment to, and borrowing from, any existing Lender shall be effected by book entry to the extent that any portion of the amount prepaid to such Lender will be subsequently borrowed from such Lender and (y) the existing Lenders, the Increasing Lenders and the Assuming Lenders shall make and receive payments among themselves, in a manner acceptable to the Administrative Agent, so that, after giving effect thereto, the Loans of such Class are held ratably by the Lenders of such Class in accordance with the respective Commitments of such Class of such Lenders (after giving effect to such Commitment Increase) and (C) pay to the Lenders of such Class the amounts, if any, payable under Section 2.14 as a result of any such prepayment. Concurrently therewith, the Lenders of such Class shall be deemed to have adjusted their participation interests in any outstanding Letters of Credit of such Class so that such interests are held ratably in accordance with their Commitments of such Class as so increased.

 

SECTION 2.08.      Repayment of Loans; Evidence of Debt.

 

(a)            Repayment. The Borrower hereby unconditionally promises to pay to the Administrative Agent for account of the applicable Lenders the outstanding principal amount of each Class of the Loans as follows:

 

(i)             To the Administrative Agent, for the account of the applicable Lenders, the outstanding principal amount of each Class of Loans and all other amounts due and owing hereunder and under the other Loan Documents on the Maturity Date; and

 

(ii)            to the applicable Swingline Lender the then unpaid principal amount of each Swingline Loan of such Class made by such Swingline Lender, on the earlier of the (A) Maturity Date and (B)(1) in the case of any Swingline Loan denominated in GBP, the fourth Business Day after such Swingline Loan is made or (3) for any other Swingline Loan, the fifth Business Day after such Swingline Loan is made; provided that on each date that a Borrowing of Loans (other than Swingline Loans) of such Class is made, the Borrower shall repay all Swingline Loans of such Class of the same Currency then outstanding.

 

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In addition, on the Maturity Date, to the extent any Letter of Credit is outstanding (notwithstanding the requirements of Section 2.04(d)), the Borrower shall deposit into the Letter of Credit Collateral Account Cash in an amount equal to 102% of the undrawn face amount of all Letters of Credit outstanding on the close of business on the Maturity Date, such deposit to be held by the Administrative Agent as collateral security for the LC Exposure under this Agreement in respect of the undrawn portion of such Letters of Credit.

 

(b)            Manner of Payment. Subject to Section 2.09(d), prior to any repayment or prepayment of any Borrowings hereunder, the Borrower shall select the Borrowing or Borrowings to be paid and shall notify the Administrative Agent in writing of such selection not later than 11:00 a.m., New York City time, three Business Days before the scheduled date of such repayment; provided that, each repayment of Borrowings within a Class shall be applied to repay any outstanding ABR Borrowings of such Class before any other Borrowings of such Class. If the Borrower fails to make a timely selection of the Borrowing or Borrowings to be repaid or prepaid, such payment shall be applied, first, to pay any outstanding ABR Borrowings pro rata between any outstanding Dollar ABR Borrowings and outstanding Multicurrency ABR Borrowings, second, if no Class is specified, to any Pro-Rata Borrowings in the order of the remaining duration of their respective Interest Periods (the Pro-Rata Borrowing with the shortest remaining Interest Period to be repaid first) and, third, within each Class, to any remaining Borrowings in the order of the remaining duration of their respective Interest Periods (the Borrowing with the shortest remaining Interest Period to be repaid first). Each payment of a Pro-Rata Borrowing shall be applied ratably between the Dollar Loans and Multicurrency Loans included in such Pro-Rata Borrowing. Each payment of a Borrowing of a Class shall be applied ratably to the Loans of such Class included in such Borrowing.

 

(c)            Maintenance of Records by Lenders. Each Lender shall maintain in accordance with its usual practice records evidencing the indebtedness of the Borrower to such Lender resulting from each Loan made by such Lender, including the amounts and Currency of principal and interest payable and paid to such Lender from time to time hereunder.

 

(d)            Maintenance of Records by the Administrative Agent. The Administrative Agent shall maintain records in which it shall record (i) the amount and Currency of each Loan made hereunder, the Class and Type thereof and each Interest Period therefor, (ii) the amount and Currency of any principal or interest due and payable or to become due and payable from the Borrower to each Lender of such Class hereunder and (iii) the amount and Currency of any sum received by the Administrative Agent hereunder for account of the Lenders and each Lender’s share thereof.

 

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(e)            Effect of Entries. The entries made in the records maintained pursuant to paragraph (c) or (d) of this Section shall be prima facie evidence, absent obvious error, of the existence and amounts of the obligations recorded therein; provided that the failure of any Lender or the Administrative Agent to maintain such records or any error therein shall not in any manner affect the obligation of the Borrower to repay the Loans in accordance with the terms of this Agreement.

 

(f)             Promissory Notes. Any Lender may request that Loans made by it be evidenced by a promissory note (or, in the case of any Lender having Commitments of different Classes, by separate promissory notes in respect of each Class of Commitments). In such event, the Borrower shall prepare, execute and deliver to such Lender a promissory note payable to such Lender (or, if requested by such Lender, to such Lender and its registered assigns) and in a form approved by the Administrative Agent. Thereafter, the Loans evidenced by such promissory note and interest thereon shall at all times (including after assignment pursuant to Section 9.04) be represented by one or more promissory notes in such form payable to the payee named therein (or, if such promissory note is a registered note, to such payee and its registered assigns).

 

SECTION 2.09.      Prepayment of Loans.

 

(a)            Optional Prepayments. The Borrower shall have the right at any time and from time to time to prepay any Borrowing in whole or in part, without premium or penalty except for payments under Section 2.14, subject to the requirements of this Section.

 

(b)            Mandatory Prepayments due to Changes in Exchange Rates.

 

(i)             Determination of Amount Outstanding. On each Revaluation Date, the Administrative Agent shall determine the aggregate Revolving Multicurrency Credit Exposure. For the purpose of this determination, the outstanding principal amount of any Loan or LC Exposure that is denominated in any Foreign Currency shall be deemed to be the Dollar Equivalent of the amount in the Foreign Currency of such Loan or LC Exposure, determined as of such Revaluation Date. Upon making such determination, the Administrative Agent shall promptly notify the Multicurrency Lenders and the Borrower thereof.

 

(ii)            Prepayment. If, on the date of such determination the aggregate Revolving Multicurrency Credit Exposure minus the Multicurrency LC Exposure fully cash collateralized pursuant to Section 2.04(k) on such date exceeds 105% of the aggregate amount of the Multicurrency Commitments as then in effect, the Borrower shall prepay the Multicurrency Loans (and/or provide cover for Multicurrency LC Exposure as specified in Section 2.04(k)) within 15 Business Days following such date of determination in such amounts as shall be necessary so that after giving effect thereto the aggregate Revolving Multicurrency Credit Exposure does not exceed the Multicurrency Commitments.

 

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Any prepayment pursuant to this paragraph shall be applied, first, to Multicurrency Loans outstanding and second, as cover for Multicurrency LC Exposure.

 

(c)            Mandatory Prepayments due to Borrowing Base Deficiency. In the event that at any time any Borrowing Base Deficiency shall exist, the Borrower shall prepay the Loans (or provide cover for Letters of Credit as contemplated by Section 2.04(k)), or either (y) if the aggregate Revolving Credit Exposure (to the extent not cash collateralized as contemplated by Section 2.04(k)) is greater than zero, in addition to prepaying the Loans (and providing cover for Letters of Credit) pursuant to the immediately succeeding proviso, reduce Other Secured Indebtedness and, only if such reduction of Other Secured Indebtedness is insufficient to cure any Borrowing Base Deficiency, Permitted Indebtedness (other than Other Secured Indebtedness), Special Longer Term Unsecured Indebtedness, Shorter Term Unsecured Indebtedness, Special Shorter Term Unsecured Indebtedness, or Indebtedness incurred pursuant to Section 6.01(g) (in each case, to the extent included in the Covered Debt Amount), or (z) if the aggregate Revolving Credit Exposure (to the extent not cash collateralized as contemplated by Section 2.04(k)) is not greater than zero, reduce Permitted Indebtedness, Special Longer Term Unsecured Indebtedness, Shorter Term Unsecured Indebtedness, Special Shorter Term Unsecured Indebtedness, or Indebtedness incurred pursuant to Section 6.01(g) (in each case, to the extent included in the Covered Debt Amount), in such amounts as shall be necessary so that such Borrowing Base Deficiency is immediately cured, provided that (i) in the case of clause (y), the aggregate amount of such prepayment of Loans (and cover for Letters of Credit) shall be at least equal to the Revolving Credit Exposure’s ratable share of the aggregate prepayment and reduction of Other Secured Indebtedness, other Permitted Indebtedness, Special Longer Term Unsecured Indebtedness, Shorter Term Unsecured Indebtedness, Special Shorter Term Unsecured Indebtedness, and Indebtedness incurred pursuant to Section 6.01(g) and (ii) if, within five Business Days after delivery of a Borrowing Base Certificate demonstrating such Borrowing Base Deficiency (and/or at such other times as the Borrower has knowledge of such Borrowing Base Deficiency), the Borrower shall present the Administrative Agent with a reasonably feasible plan to enable such Borrowing Base Deficiency to be cured within 30 Business Days (which 30-Business Day period shall include the five Business Days permitted for delivery of such plan), then such prepayment or reduction shall not be required to be effected immediately but may be effected in accordance with such plan (with such modifications as the Borrower may reasonably determine), so long as such Borrowing Base Deficiency is cured within such 30-Business Day period, provided, solely to the extent such Borrowing Base Deficiency is due to a failure to satisfy the requirements of Section 5.13(g) as a consequence of a change in either (x) the ratio of the Gross Borrowing Base to the Senior Debt Amount or (y) the Relevant Asset Coverage Ratio from one quarterly period to the next, such 30-Business Day Period shall be extended to a 45-Business Day period solely with respect to compliance with Section 5.13(g).

 

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(d)            Scheduled Payments. On each Scheduled Payment Date, the Borrower shall prepay the Loans (and provide cash collateral for Letters of Credit as contemplated by Section 2.04(k)) in an aggregate amount equal to 1/12 of the aggregate outstanding amount of Loans, and 1/12 of the face amount of Letters of Credit, for each Class and Currency of Loans and Letters of Credit outstanding, based on the outstanding Loans and Letters of Credit as of the Commitment Termination Date. Following the Commitment Termination Date, any other optional or mandatory prepayment of Loans (or cash collateralization or expiration of outstanding Letters of Credit) will reduce in direct order the amount of any subsequent repayment of Loans or cash collateralization of Letters of Credit required to be made pursuant to this clause (d).

 

(e)            Payments Following the Commitment Termination Date. Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary in Section 2.08 or this Section 2.09, following the Commitment Termination Date:

 

(i)  no optional prepayment of the Loans of any Class shall be permitted unless at such time, the Borrower also prepays the Loans of the other Class or, to the extent no Loans of the other Class are outstanding, provides cash collateral as contemplated by Section 2.04(k) for outstanding Letters of Credit of such Class, which prepayment (and cash collateral) shall be made on a pro-rata basis between each outstanding Class of Revolving Credit Exposure; and

 

(ii)  any prepayment of Loans required to be made pursuant to clause (c) above shall be applied to prepay Loans and cash collateralize outstanding Letters of Credit on a pro-rata basis between each outstanding Class of Revolving Credit Exposure.

 

(f)             Notices, Etc. The Borrower shall notify the Administrative Agent in writing of any prepayment hereunder (i) in the case of prepayment of a Term Benchmark Borrowing, not later than 11:00 a.m., New York City time or, in the case of a Borrowing denominated in a Foreign Currency (other than AUD or Yen), 12:00 p.m., New York City time, three Business Days before the date of prepayment, (ii) in the case of prepayment of an ABR Borrowing, not later than 11:00 a.m., New York City time, on the date of prepayment, (iii) in the case of prepayment of an RFR Borrowing denominated in Sterling or CHF, not later than 11:00 a.m. New York City time, three Business Days before the date of prepayment or (iv) in the case of prepayment of a Term Benchmark Borrowing denominated in AUD or Yen, not later than 12:00 p.m. New York City time, four Business Days before the date of prepayment. Each such notice shall be irrevocable and shall specify the prepayment date, the principal amount of each Borrowing or portion thereof to be prepaid and, in the case of a mandatory prepayment, a reasonably detailed calculation of the amount of such prepayment; provided that, if a notice of prepayment is given in connection with a conditional notice of termination of the Commitments of a Class as contemplated by Section 2.07, then such notice of prepayment may be revoked if such notice of termination is revoked in accordance with Section 2.07. Promptly following receipt of any such notice relating to a Borrowing, the Administrative Agent shall advise the affected Lenders of the contents thereof. Each partial prepayment of any Borrowing shall be in an amount that would be permitted in the case of a Borrowing of the same Type as provided in Section 2.02, except as necessary to apply fully the required amount of a mandatory prepayment or scheduled payment. Each prepayment of a Borrowing of a Class shall be applied ratably to the Loans of such Class included in the prepaid Borrowing. Prepayments shall be accompanied by accrued interest to the extent required by Section 2.11 and shall be made in the manner specified in Section 2.08(b).

 

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SECTION 2.10.      Fees.

 

(a)            Commitment Fee. The Borrower agrees to pay to the Administrative Agent for account of each Lender a commitment fee, which shall accrue at the Applicable Margin on the daily unused amount of the Dollar Commitment and Multicurrency Commitment, as applicable, of such Lender during the period from and including the Effective Date to but excluding the earlier of the date such Commitment terminates and the Commitment Termination Date. Accrued commitment fees shall be payable within 15 Business Days after each Quarterly Date and on the earlier of the date the Commitments of the respective Class terminate and the Commitment Termination Date, commencing on the first such date to occur after the Effective Date. All commitment fees shall be computed on the basis of a year of 360 days and shall be payable for the actual number of days elapsed (including the first day but excluding the last day). For purposes of computing commitment fees, (i) the daily unused amount of the applicable Commitment shall be determined as of the end of each day and (ii) the Commitment of any Class of a Lender shall be deemed to be used to the extent of the outstanding Loans and LC Exposure of such Class of such Lender (and the Swingline Exposure of such Class of such Lender shall be disregarded for such purpose).

 

(b)            Letter of Credit Fees. The Borrower agrees to pay (i) to the Administrative Agent for account of each Lender a participation fee with respect to its participations in Letters of Credit, which shall accrue at a rate per annum equal to the Applicable Margin applicable to interest on Term Benchmark Loans on the daily amount of such Lender’s LC Exposure (excluding any portion thereof attributable to unreimbursed LC Disbursements) during the period from and including the Effective Date to but excluding the later of the date on which such Lender’s Commitment of the applicable Class terminates and the date on which such Lender ceases to have any LC Exposure of such Class, and (ii) to each Issuing Bank a fronting fee, which shall accrue at the rate of 0.25% per annum on the daily amount of the LC Exposure (excluding any portion thereof attributable to unreimbursed LC Disbursements) applicable to Letters of Credit issued by such Issuing Bank during the period from and including the Effective Date to but excluding the later of the date of termination of the Commitments and the date on which there ceases to be any LC Exposure, as well as each Issuing Bank’s standard fees with respect to the issuance, amendment, renewal or extension of any Letter of Credit or processing of drawings thereunder. Participation fees and fronting fees accrued through and including each Quarterly Date shall be payable on the fifteenth Business Day following such Quarterly Date, commencing on the first such date to occur after the Effective Date; provided that, all such fees with respect to the Letters of Credit shall be payable on the date on which the Commitments of the applicable Class terminate (the “termination date”), the Borrower shall pay any such fees that have accrued and that are unpaid on the termination date and, in the event any Letters of Credit shall be outstanding that have expiration dates after the termination date, the Borrower shall prepay on the termination date the full amount of the participation and fronting fees that will accrue on such Letters of Credit subsequent to the termination date through but not including the date such outstanding Letters of Credit are scheduled to expire (and in that connection, the Lenders agree not later than the date two Business Days after the date upon which the last such Letter of Credit shall expire or be terminated to rebate to the Borrower the excess, if any, of the aggregate participation and fronting fees that have been prepaid by the Borrower over the amount of such fees that ultimately accrue through the date of such expiration or termination). Any other fees payable to the Issuing Banks pursuant to this paragraph shall be payable within 10 days after demand. All participation fees and fronting fees shall be computed on the basis of a year of 360 days and shall be payable for the actual number of days elapsed (including the first day but excluding the last day).

 

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(c)            Administrative Agent Fees. The Borrower agrees to pay to the Administrative Agent, for its own account, fees payable in the amounts and at the times as set forth in the Administrative Agent Fee Letter dated March 7, 2022 between the Borrower and the Administrative Agent.

 

(d)            Payment of Fees. All fees payable hereunder shall be paid on the dates due, in Dollars and immediately available funds, to the Administrative Agent (or to the Issuing Banks, in the case of fees payable to them) for distribution, in the case of facility fees and participation fees, to the Lenders entitled thereto. Fees paid shall not be refundable under any circumstances absent obvious error.

 

SECTION 2.11.      Interest.

 

(a)            ABR Loans. The Loans constituting each ABR Borrowing shall bear interest at a rate per annum equal to the Alternate Base Rate plus the Applicable Margin.

 

(b)            Term Benchmark Loans and RFR Loans. (i) The Loans constituting each Term Benchmark Borrowing shall bear interest at a rate per annum equal to the applicable Relevant Rate for the Interest Period in effect for such Borrowing plus the Applicable Margin, (ii) the Loans constituting each RFR Borrowing shall bear interest at a rate per annum equal to the applicable Adjusted Daily Simple RFR plus the Applicable Margin, (iii) Swingline Loans denominated in Euros shall bear interest at a rate per annum equal to Daily Simple ESTR plus the Applicable Margin, (iv) Swingline Loans denominated in Dollars shall bear interest at the Alternate Base Rate plus the Applicable Margin, (v) Swingline Loans denominated in CAD shall bear interest at the Canadian Prime Rate plus the Applicable Margin, (vi) Swingline Loans denominated in Yen shall bear interest at Daily Simple TONAR plus the Applicable Margin and (vii) Swingline Loans denominated in GBP shall bear interest in accordance with (ii) above.

 

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(c)            Default Interest. Notwithstanding the foregoing clauses (a) and (b), if any principal of or interest on any Loan or any fee or other amount payable by the Borrower hereunder is not paid when due, whether at stated maturity, upon acceleration, by mandatory prepayment or otherwise, such overdue amount shall bear interest, after as well as before judgment, at a rate per annum equal to (i) in the case of overdue principal of any Loan, 2% plus the rate otherwise applicable to such Loan as provided above or (ii) in the case of any other amount, 2% plus the rate applicable to ABR Loans as provided in paragraph (a) of this Section.

 

(d)            Payment of Interest. Accrued interest on each Loan shall be payable in arrears on each Interest Payment Date for such Loan in the Currency in which such Loan is denominated and upon the Maturity Date; provided that (i) interest accrued pursuant to paragraph (c) of this Section shall be payable on demand, (ii) in the event of any repayment or prepayment of any Loan (other than a prepayment of an ABR Loan prior to the Maturity Date), accrued interest on the principal amount repaid or prepaid shall be payable on the date of such repayment or prepayment and (iii) in the event of any conversion of any Term Benchmark Borrowing denominated in Dollars prior to the end of the Interest Period therefor, accrued interest on such Borrowing shall be payable on the effective date of such conversion.

 

(e)            Computation. All interest hereunder shall be computed on the basis of a year of 360 days, except that (a) Term Benchmark Borrowings in AUD, CAD or Yen shall be computed on the basis of a year of 365 days (or 366 days in a leap year) and shall be payable for the actual number of days elapsed (including the first day but excluding the last day) and (b) RFR Borrowings, and ABR Borrowings, at times when the Alternate Base Rate is based on the Prime Rate, shall be computed on the basis of a year of 365 days (or 366 days in a leap year) and shall be payable for the actual number of days elapsed (including the first day but excluding the last day). The applicable Alternate Base Rate, Adjusted Term SOFR Rate, Adjusted Daily Simple RFR, Adjusted EURIBOR Rate, Daily Simple RFR, Adjusted TIBOR Rate, Local Rate or EURIBOR Rate shall be determined by the Administrative Agent, and such determination shall be conclusive absent manifest error.

 

SECTION 2.12.      Alternate Rate of Interest.

 

(a)            Alternate Rate of Interest.

 

(a)            Subject to clauses (b), (c), (d), (e) and (f) of this ‎Section 2.12, if:

 

(i)            the Administrative Agent determines (which determination shall be conclusive absent manifest error) (A) prior to the commencement of any Interest Period for a Term Benchmark Borrowing, that adequate and reasonable means do not exist for ascertaining the Adjusted Term SOFR Rate, the Term SOFR Rate, the Adjusted EURIBOR Rate, the EURIBOR Rate, Adjusted TIBOR Rate or the applicable Local Rate (including because the Relevant Screen Rate is not available or published on a current basis), for the applicable Currency and such Interest Period or (B) at any time, that adequate and reasonable means do not exist for ascertaining the applicable Adjusted Daily Simple RFR, Daily Simple RFR or RFR for the applicable Currency; or

 

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(ii)            the Administrative Agent is advised by the Required Lenders of each affected Class that (A) prior to the commencement of any Interest Period for a Term Benchmark Borrowing, the Adjusted Term SOFR Rate, the Term SOFR Rate, the Adjusted EURIBOR Rate, the EURIBOR Rate, Adjusted TIBOR Rate or the applicable Local Rate for the applicable Currency for such Interest Period will not adequately and fairly reflect the cost to such Lenders (or Lender) of making or maintaining their Loans (or its Loan) included in such Borrowing for the applicable Currency and such Interest Period or (B) at any time, the applicable Adjusted Daily Simple RFR, Daily Simple RFR or RFR for the applicable Currency will not adequately and fairly reflect the cost to such Lenders (or Lender) of making or maintaining their Loans (or its Loan) included in such Borrowing for the applicable Currency;

 

then the Administrative Agent shall give notice thereof to the Borrower and the Lenders by telephone, telecopy or electronic mail as promptly as practicable thereafter and, until (x) the Administrative Agent notifies the Borrower and the Lenders that the circumstances giving rise to such notice no longer exist with respect to the relevant Benchmark and (y) the Borrower delivers a new Interest Election Request in accordance with the terms of Section 2.06 or a new Borrowing Request in accordance with the terms of Section 2.03, (A) for Loans denominated in Dollars, (1) any Interest Election Request that requests the conversion of any Borrowing to, or continuation of any Borrowing as, a Term Benchmark Borrowing and any Borrowing Request that requests a Term Benchmark Borrowing shall instead be deemed to be an Interest Election Request or a Borrowing Request for an ABR Borrowing and (B) for Loans denominated in an Agreed Foreign Currency, any Interest Election Request that requests the conversion of any Borrowing to, or continuation of any Borrowing as, a Term Benchmark Borrowing and any Borrowing Request that requests a Term Benchmark Borrowing or an RFR Borrowing, in each case, for the relevant Benchmark, shall be ineffective; provided that if the circumstances giving rise to such notice affect only one Type of Borrowings, then all other Types of Borrowings shall be permitted. Furthermore, if any Term Benchmark Loan or RFR Loan in any Currency is outstanding on the date of the Borrower’s receipt of the notice from the Administrative Agent referred to in this ‎Section 2.12(a) with respect to a Relevant Rate applicable to such Term Benchmark Loan or RFR Loan, then until (x) the Administrative Agent notifies the Borrower and the Lenders that the circumstances giving rise to such notice no longer exist with respect to the relevant Benchmark and (y) the Borrower delivers a new Interest Election Request in accordance with the terms of Section 2.06 or a new Borrowing Request in accordance with the terms of Section 2.03, (A) for Loans denominated in Dollars, any Term Benchmark Loan shall on the last day of the Interest Period applicable to such Loan (or the next succeeding Business Day if such day is not a Business Day), be converted by the Administrative Agent to, and shall constitute, an ABR Loan, and (B) for Loans denominated in an Agreed Foreign Currency, any Term Benchmark Loan shall, on the last day of the Interest Period applicable to such Loan (or the next succeeding Business Day if such day is not a Business Day) bear interest at the Central Bank Rate (or in the case of the Yen, the Japanese Prime Rate) for the applicable Agreed Foreign Currency plus the CBR Spread; provided that, if the Administrative Agent determines (which determination shall be conclusive and binding absent manifest error) that the Central Bank Rate (or in the case of the Yen, the Japanese Prime Rate) for the applicable Agreed Foreign Currency cannot be determined, any outstanding affected Term Benchmark Loans denominated in any Agreed Foreign Currency shall, at the Borrower’s election prior to such day: (A) be prepaid by the Borrower on such day or (B) solely for the purpose of calculating the interest rate applicable to such Term Benchmark Loan, such Term Benchmark Loan denominated in any Agreed Foreign Currency shall be deemed to be a Term Benchmark Loan denominated in Dollars and shall accrue interest at the same interest rate applicable to Term Benchmark Loans denominated in Dollars at such time and (2) any RFR Loan shall bear interest at the Central Bank Rate for the applicable Agreed Foreign Currency plus the CBR Spread; provided that, if the Administrative Agent determines (which determination shall be conclusive and binding absent manifest error) that the Central Bank Rate for the applicable Agreed Foreign Currency cannot be determined, any outstanding affected RFR Loans denominated in any Agreed Foreign Currency, at the Borrower’s election, shall either (A) be converted into ABR Loans denominated in Dollars (in an amount equal to the Dollar Equivalent of such Agreed Foreign Currency) or (B) be prepaid in full.

 

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(b)            Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein or in any other Loan Document (and any Hedging Agreement shall be deemed not to be a “Loan Document” for purposes of this Section 2.12), if a Benchmark Transition Event and its related Benchmark Replacement Date have occurred prior to the Reference Time in respect of any setting of the then-current Benchmark, then (x) if a Benchmark Replacement is determined in accordance with clause (1) of the definition of “Benchmark Replacement” with respect to Dollars for such Benchmark Replacement Date, such Benchmark Replacement will replace such Benchmark for all purposes hereunder and under any Loan Document in respect of such Benchmark setting and subsequent Benchmark settings without any amendment to, or further action or consent of any other party to, this Agreement or any other Loan Document and (y) if a Benchmark Replacement is determined in accordance with clause (2) of the definition of “Benchmark Replacement” with respect to any Currency for such Benchmark Replacement Date, such Benchmark Replacement will replace such Benchmark for all purposes hereunder and under any Loan Document in respect of any Benchmark setting in respect of any Benchmark setting at or after 5:00 p.m. (New York City time) on the fifth (5th) Business Day after the date notice of such Benchmark Replacement is provided to the Lenders without any amendment to, or further action or consent of any other party to, this Agreement or any other Loan Document so long as the Administrative Agent has not received, by such time, written notice of objection to such Benchmark Replacement from Lenders comprising the Required Lenders of each affected Class.

 

(c)            Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein or in any other Loan Document, the Administrative Agent, in consultation with the Borrower, will have the right to make Benchmark Replacement Conforming Changes from time to time and, notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein or in any other Loan Document, any amendments implementing such Benchmark Replacement Conforming Changes will become effective without any further action or consent of any other party to this Agreement or any other Loan Document.

 

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(d)            Administrative Agent will promptly notify the Borrower and the Lenders of (i) any occurrence of a Benchmark Transition Event, (ii) the implementation of any Benchmark Replacement, (iii) the effectiveness of any Benchmark Replacement Conforming Changes, (iv) the removal or reinstatement of any tenor of a Benchmark pursuant to clause (e) below and (v) the commencement or conclusion of any Benchmark Unavailability Period. Any determination, decision or election that may be made by the Administrative Agent or, if applicable, any Lender (or group of Lenders) pursuant to this ‎Section 2.12, including any determination with respect to a tenor, rate or adjustment or of the occurrence or non-occurrence of an event, circumstance or date and any decision to take or refrain from taking any action or any selection, will be conclusive and binding absent manifest error and may be made in its or their sole discretion and without consent from any other party to this Agreement or any other Loan Document, except, in each case, as expressly required pursuant to this ‎Section 2.12.

 

(e)            Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein or in any other Loan Document, at any time (including in connection with the implementation of a Benchmark Replacement), (1) if the then-current Benchmark is a term rate (including the Term SOFR Rate or EURIBOR Rate) and either (a) any tenor for such Benchmark is not displayed on a screen or other information service that publishes such rate from time to time as selected by the Administrative Agent in its reasonable discretion or (b) the regulatory supervisor for the administrator of such Benchmark has provided a public statement or publication of information announcing that any tenor for such Benchmark is or will be no longer representative, then the Administrative Agent may modify the definition of “Interest Period” for any Benchmark settings at or after such time to remove such unavailable or non-representative tenor and (2) if a tenor that was removed pursuant to clause (i) above either (a) is subsequently displayed on a screen or information service for a Benchmark (including a Benchmark Replacement) or (b) is not, or is no longer, subject to an announcement that it is or will no longer be representative for a Benchmark (including a Benchmark Replacement), then the Administrative Agent may modify the definition of “Interest Period” for all Benchmark settings at or after such time to reinstate such previously removed tenor.

 

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(f)            Upon the Borrower’s receipt of notice of the commencement of a Benchmark Unavailability Period, the Borrower may revoke any request for a Term Benchmark Borrowing or RFR Borrowing of, conversion to or continuation of Term Benchmark Loans to be made, converted or continued during any Benchmark Unavailability Period and, failing that, either (x) the Borrower will be deemed to have converted any request for a Term Benchmark Borrowing denominated in Dollars into a request for a Borrowing of or conversion to an ABR Borrowing if the Adjusted Term SOFR Rate for a Term Benchmark Borrowing denominated in Dollars is subject to a Benchmark Transition Event or (y) any Term Benchmark Borrowing or RFR Borrowing denominated in an Agreed Foreign Currency shall be ineffective. During any Benchmark Unavailability Period or at any time that a tenor for the then-current Benchmark is not an Available Tenor, the component of ABR based upon the then-current Benchmark or such tenor for such Benchmark, as applicable, will not be used in any determination of ABR. Furthermore, if any Term Benchmark Loan or RFR Loan in any Currency is outstanding on the date of the Borrower’s receipt of notice of the commencement of a Benchmark Unavailability Period with respect to a Relevant Rate applicable to such Term Benchmark Loan or RFR Loan, then until such time as a Benchmark Replacement for such Currency is implemented pursuant to this ‎Section 2.12, (A) for Loans denominated in Dollars, any Term Benchmark Loan shall on the last day of the Interest Period applicable to such Loan (or the next succeeding Business Day if such day is not a Business Day), be converted by the Administrative Agent to, and shall constitute an ABR Loan on such day and (B) for Loans denominated in an Agreed Foreign Currency, (1) any Term Benchmark Loan shall, on the last day of the Interest Period applicable to such Loan (or the next succeeding Business Day if such day is not a Business Day) bear interest at the Central Bank Rate (or in the case of the Yen, the Japanese Prime Rate) for the applicable Agreed Foreign Currency plus the CBR Spread; provided that, if the Administrative Agent determines (which determination shall be conclusive and binding absent manifest error) that the Central Bank Rate (or in the case of the Yen, the Japanese Prime Rate) for the applicable Agreed Foreign Currency cannot be determined, any outstanding affected Term Benchmark Loans denominated in any Agreed Foreign Currency shall, at the Borrower’s election prior to such day: (A) be prepaid by the Borrower on such day or (B) solely for the purpose of calculating the interest rate applicable to such Term Benchmark Loan, such Term Benchmark Loan denominated in any Agreed Foreign Currency shall be deemed to be a Term Benchmark Loan denominated in Dollars and shall accrue interest at the same interest rate applicable to Term Benchmark Loans denominated in Dollars at such time and (2) any RFR Loan shall bear interest at the Central Bank Rate for the applicable Agreed Foreign Currency plus the CBR Spread; provided that, if the Administrative Agent determines (which determination shall be conclusive and binding absent manifest error) that the Central Bank Rate for the applicable Agreed Foreign Currency cannot be determined, any outstanding affected RFR Loans denominated in any Agreed Foreign Currency, at the Borrower’s election, shall either (A) be converted into ABR Loans denominated in Dollars (in an amount equal to the Dollar Equivalent of such Agreed Foreign Currency) or (B) be prepaid in full.

 

SECTION 2.13.      Increased Costs.

 

(a)            Increased Costs Generally. If any Change in Law shall:

 

(i)            impose, modify or deem applicable any reserve, compulsory loan, insurance charge, special deposit or similar requirement against assets of, deposits with or for account of, or credit extended by, any Lender (except any such reserve requirement reflected in the Adjusted EURIBOR Rate or Adjusted TIBOR Rate, as applicable) or any Issuing Bank; or

 

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(ii)            impose on any Lender or any Issuing Bank or the London interbank market any other condition, cost or expense, affecting this Agreement or Loans made by such Lender or any Letter of Credit or participation therein;

 

and the result of any of the foregoing shall be to increase the cost (other than costs which are Indemnified Taxes or Excluded Taxes) to such Lenders of making, continuing, converting into or maintaining any Loan (or of maintaining its obligation to make any such Loan) or to increase the cost (other than costs which are Indemnified Taxes or Excluded Taxes) to such Lender or such Issuing Bank of participating in, issuing or maintaining any Letter of Credit or to reduce the amount of any sum received or receivable by such Lender or such Issuing Bank hereunder (whether of principal, interest or otherwise), then the Borrower will pay to such Lender or such Issuing Bank, as the case may be, in Dollars, such additional amount or amounts as will compensate such Lender or such Issuing Bank, as the case may be, for such additional costs incurred or reduction suffered.

 

(b)            Capital Requirements. If any Lender or any Issuing Bank determines that any Change in Law regarding capital or liquidity requirements has or would have the effect of reducing the rate of return on such Lender’s or such Issuing Bank’s capital or on the capital of such Lender’s or such Issuing Bank’s holding company, if any, as a consequence of this Agreement or the Loans made by, or participations in Letters of Credit held by, such Lender, or the Letters of Credit issued by such Issuing Bank, to a level below that which such Lender or such Issuing Bank or such Lender’s or such Issuing Bank’s holding company could have achieved but for such Change in Law (taking into consideration such Lender’s or such Issuing Bank’s policies and the policies of such Lender’s or such Issuing Bank’s holding company with respect to capital adequacy), by an amount deemed to be material by such Lender or such Issuing Bank, then from time to time the Borrower will pay to such Lender or such Issuing Bank, as the case may be, in Dollars, such additional amount or amounts as will compensate such Lender or such Issuing Bank or such Lender’s or such Issuing Bank’s holding company for any such reduction suffered.

 

(c)            Certificates from Lenders. A certificate of a Lender or an Issuing Bank setting forth the amount or amounts, in Dollars, necessary to compensate such Lender or such Issuing Bank or its holding company, as the case may be, as specified in paragraph (a) or (b) of this Section shall be promptly delivered to the Borrower and shall be conclusive absent manifest error. The Borrower shall pay such Lender or such Issuing Bank, as the case may be, the amount shown as due on any such certificate within 10 days after receipt thereof.

 

(d)            Delay in Requests. Failure or delay on the part of any Lender or any Issuing Bank to demand compensation pursuant to this Section shall not constitute a waiver of such Lender’s or such Issuing Bank’s right to demand such compensation; provided that the Borrower shall not be required to compensate a Lender or an Issuing Bank pursuant to this Section for any increased costs or reductions incurred more than six months prior to the date that such Lender or such Issuing Bank, as the case may be, notifies the Borrower of the Change in Law giving rise to such increased costs or reductions and of such Lender’s or such Issuing Bank’s intention to claim compensation therefor; provided further that, if the Change in Law giving rise to such increased costs or reductions is retroactive, then the six-month period referred to above shall be extended to include the period of retroactive effect thereof.

 

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SECTION 2.14.      Break Funding Payments.

 

(a)            With respect to any Term Benchmark Loans, in the event of (i) the payment of any principal of any Term Benchmark Loan other than on the last day of an Interest Period applicable thereto (including as a result of an Event of Default or an optional or mandatory prepayment of Loans), (ii) the conversion of any Term Benchmark Loan other than on the last day of the Interest Period applicable thereto, (iii) the failure to borrow, convert, continue or prepay any Term Benchmark Loan on the date specified in any notice delivered pursuant hereto (regardless of whether such notice may be revoked under Section 2.19(f) and is revoked in accordance therewith), (iv) the assignment of any Term Benchmark Loan other than on the last day of the Interest Period applicable thereto as a result of a request by the Borrower pursuant to Section 2.18 or (v) the failure by the Borrower to make any payment of any Loan (or interest due thereof) denominated in an Agreed Foreign Currency on its scheduled due date or any payment thereof in a different currency, then, in any such event, the Borrower shall compensate each Lender for the loss, cost and expense attributable to such event. A certificate of any Lender setting forth any amount or amounts that such Lender is entitled to receive pursuant to this Section shall be delivered to the Borrower and shall be conclusive absent manifest error. The Borrower shall pay such Lender the amount shown as due on any such certificate within ten (10) calendar days after receipt thereof.

 

(b)            With respect to RFR Loans, in the event of (i) the payment of any principal of any RFR Loan other than on the Interest Payment Date applicable thereto (including as a result of an Event of Default or an optional or mandatory prepayment of Loans), (ii) the failure to borrow or prepay any RFR Loan on the date specified in any notice delivered pursuant hereto (regardless of whether such notice may be revoked under ‎Section 2.09(f) and is revoked in accordance therewith), or (iii) the assignment of any RFR Loan other than on the Interest Payment Date applicable thereto as a result of a request by the Borrower pursuant to ‎Section 2.18, then, in any such event, the Borrower shall compensate each Lender for the loss, cost and expense attributable to such event.

 

(c)            Payment under this Section shall be made upon request of a Lender delivered not later than fifteen (15) Business Days following the payment, conversion, or failure to borrow, convert, continue or prepay that gives rise to a claim under this Section accompanied by a certificate of such Lender setting forth the amount or amounts that such Lender is entitled to receive pursuant to this Section, which certificate shall be conclusive absent manifest error. The Borrower shall pay such Lender the amount shown as due on any such certificate within ten (10) calendar days after receipt thereof.

 

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SECTION 2.15.      Taxes.

 

(a)            Payments Free of Taxes. Any and all payments by or on account of any obligation of the Borrower hereunder or under any other Loan Document shall be made free and clear of and without deduction for any Taxes; provided that if the applicable Withholding Agent shall be required to deduct any Indemnified Taxes or Other Taxes from such payments, then (i) the sum payable by the Borrower shall be increased as necessary so that after making all required deductions (including deductions applicable to additional sums payable under this Section) the Administrative Agent, Lender or Issuing Bank (as the case may be) receives an amount equal to the sum it would have received had no such deductions been made, (ii) the applicable Withholding Agent shall make such deductions and (iii) the applicable Withholding Agent shall pay the full amount withheld or deducted to the relevant Governmental Authority in accordance with applicable law.

 

(b)            Payment of Other Taxes by the Borrower. In addition, the Borrower shall pay any Other Taxes to the relevant Governmental Authority in accordance with applicable law.

 

(c)            Indemnification by the Borrower. The Borrower shall indemnify the Administrative Agent, each Lender and each Issuing Bank for, and within 30 Business Days after written demand therefor, pay the full amount of any Indemnified Taxes or Other Taxes (including Indemnified Taxes or Other Taxes imposed or asserted on or attributable to amounts payable under this Section) paid by the Administrative Agent, such Lender or such Issuing Bank, as the case may be, and any penalties, interest and reasonable expenses arising therefrom or with respect thereto, whether or not such Indemnified Taxes or Other Taxes were correctly or legally imposed or asserted by the relevant Governmental Authority. A certificate as to the amount of such payment or liability delivered to the Borrower by a Lender or an Issuing Bank, or by the Administrative Agent on its own behalf or on behalf of a Lender or an Issuing Bank, shall be conclusive absent manifest error.

 

(d)            Evidence of Payments. As soon as practicable after any payment of Indemnified Taxes or Other Taxes by the Borrower to a Governmental Authority, the Borrower shall deliver to the Administrative Agent the original or a certified copy of a receipt issued by such Governmental Authority evidencing such payment, a copy of the return reporting such payment or other evidence of such payment reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent.

 

(e)            Lenders. Any Lender that is entitled to an exemption from or reduction of withholding tax under the law of the jurisdiction in which the Borrower is located, or any treaty to which such jurisdiction is a party, with respect to payments under this Agreement shall deliver to the Borrower (with a copy to the Administrative Agent), at the time or times prescribed by applicable law or reasonably requested by the Borrower, such properly completed and executed documentation prescribed by applicable law as will permit such payments to be made without withholding or at a reduced rate.

 

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In addition, any Lender, if requested by the Borrower or the Administrative Agent, shall deliver such other documentation prescribed by applicable law or reasonably requested by the Borrower or the Administrative Agent as will enable the Borrower or the Administrative Agent to determine whether or not such Lender is subject to backup withholding or information reporting requirements.

 

Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, if the Borrower is resident for tax purposes in the United States, any Foreign Lender shall deliver to the Borrower and the Administrative Agent (in such number of copies as shall be requested by the recipient) on or prior to the date on which such Foreign Lender becomes a Lender under this Agreement (and from time to time thereafter upon the reasonable request of the Borrower or the Administrative Agent, but only if such Foreign Lender is legally entitled to do so), whichever of the following is applicable:

 

(i)            duly completed copies of Internal Revenue Service Form W-8BEN or any successor form claiming eligibility for benefits of an income tax treaty to which the United States is a party,

 

(ii)            duly completed copies of Internal Revenue Service Form W-8ECI or any successor form certifying that the income receivable pursuant to this Agreement is effectively connected with the conduct of a trade or business in the United States,

 

(iii)            in the case of a Foreign Lender claiming the benefits of the exemption for portfolio interest under Section 881(c) of the Code, (A) a certificate to the effect that such Foreign Lender is not (1) a “bank” within the meaning of Section 881(c)(3)(A) of the Code, (2) a “10 percent shareholder” of the Borrower within the meaning of Section 881(c)(3)(B) of the Code, or (3) a “controlled foreign corporation” described in Section 881(c)(3)(C) of the Code and (B) duly completed copies of Internal Revenue Service Form W-8BEN (or any successor form) certifying that the Foreign Lender is not a United States Person, or

 

(iv)            any other form including Internal Revenue Service Form W-8IMY as applicable prescribed by applicable law as a basis for claiming exemption from or a reduction in United States Federal withholding tax duly completed together with such supplementary documentation as may be prescribed by applicable law to permit the Borrower to determine the withholding or deduction required to be made.

 

In addition, upon reasonable request of the Borrower or the Administrative Agent, each Foreign Lender shall deliver such forms promptly upon the expiration or invalidity of any form previously delivered by such Foreign Lender, provided it is legally able to do so at the time. Each Foreign Lender shall promptly notify the Borrower and the Administrative Agent at any time the chief tax officer of such Foreign Lender becomes aware that it no longer satisfies the legal requirements to provide any previously delivered form or certificate to the Borrower (or any other form of certification adopted by the U.S. or other taxing authorities for such purpose).

 

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(f)            United States Lenders. Each Lender and each Issuing Bank that is not a Foreign Lender shall deliver to the Borrower (with a copy to the Administrative Agent), prior to the date on which such Issuing Bank or Lender becomes a party to this Agreement, upon the expiration or invalidity of any forms previously delivered and at times reasonably requested by the Borrower, duly completed copies of Internal Revenue Service Form W-9 or any successor form, provided it is legally able to do so at the time.

 

(g)            FATCA. If a payment made to a Lender under any Loan Document would be subject to United States federal withholding Tax imposed by FATCA if such Lender were to fail to comply with the applicable reporting requirements of FATCA (including those contained in Section 1471(b) or 1472(b) of the Code, as applicable), such Lender shall deliver to the Borrower and the Administrative Agent at the time or times prescribed by Law and at such time or times reasonably requested by the Borrower or the Administrative Agent such documentation prescribed by applicable Law (including as prescribed by Section 1471(b)(3)(C)(i) of the Code) and such additional documentation reasonably requested by the Borrower or the Administrative Agent as may be necessary for the Borrower and the Administrative Agent to comply with their obligations under FATCA and to determine that such Lender has complied with such Lender’s obligations under FATCA or to determine the amount to deduct and withhold from such payment. Solely for purposes of this clause (D), “FATCA” shall include any amendments made to FATCA after the date of this Agreement. Each Lender and Issuing Bank agrees that if any form or certification it previously delivered under Section 2.15(e), (f), or (g) expires or becomes obsolete or inaccurate in any respect, it shall update such form or certification or promptly notify the Borrower and the Administrative Agent in writing of its legal inability to do so.

 

(h)            Treatment of Certain Refunds. If the Administrative Agent, any Lender or any Issuing Bank determines, in its sole discretion, that it has received a refund or credit (in lieu of such refund) of any Taxes or Other Taxes as to which it has been indemnified by the Borrower or with respect to which the Borrower has paid additional amounts pursuant to this Section, it shall pay to the Borrower an amount equal to such refund (but only to the extent of indemnity payments made, or additional amounts paid, by the Borrower under this Section with respect to the Taxes or Other Taxes giving rise to such refund), net of all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses of the Administrative Agent, any Lender or any Issuing Bank, as the case may be, and without interest (other than any interest paid by the relevant Governmental Authority with respect to such refund), provided that the Borrower, upon the request of the Administrative Agent, any Lender or any Issuing Bank, agrees to repay the amount paid over to the Borrower (plus any penalties, interest or other charges imposed by the relevant Governmental Authority) to the Administrative Agent, any Lender or any Issuing Bank in the event the Administrative Agent, any Lender or any Issuing Bank is required to repay such refund to such Governmental Authority. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this paragraph (h), in no event will the Administrative Agent, any Lender or any Issuing Bank be required to pay any amount to the Borrower pursuant to this paragraph (h) the payment of which would place the Administrative Agent or such Lender in a less favorable net after-Tax position than the Administrative Agent, such Lender or such Issuing Bank would have been in if the indemnification payments or additional amounts giving rise to such refund had never been paid. This subsection shall not be construed to require the Administrative Agent, any Lender or any Issuing Bank to make available its tax returns or its books or records (or any other information relating to its taxes that it deems confidential) to the Borrower or any other Person.

 

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(i)            Survival. Each party’s obligations under this Section shall survive the resignation or replacement of the Administrative Agent or any assignment of rights by, or the replacement of, a Lender, an Issuing Bank, the termination of the Commitments and the repayment, satisfaction or discharge of all obligations under any Loan Document.

 

SECTION 2.16.      Payments Generally; Pro Rata Treatment; Sharing of Set-offs.

 

(a)            Payments by the Borrower. The Borrower shall make each payment required to be made by it hereunder (whether of principal, interest, fees or reimbursement of LC Disbursements, or under Section 2.13, 2.14 or 2.15, or otherwise) or under any other Loan Document (except to the extent otherwise provided therein) prior to 2:00 p.m., Local Time, on the date when due, in immediately available funds, without set-off or counterclaim. Any amounts received after such time on any date may, in the discretion of the Administrative Agent, be deemed to have been received on the next succeeding Business Day for purposes of calculating interest thereon. All such payments shall be made to the Administrative Agent at the Administrative Agent’s Account, except as otherwise expressly provided in the relevant Loan Document and except payments to be made directly to an Issuing Bank as expressly provided herein and payments pursuant to Sections 2.13, 2.14, 2.15 and 9.03, which shall be made directly to the Persons entitled thereto. The Administrative Agent shall distribute any such payments received by it for account of any other Person to the appropriate recipient promptly following receipt thereof. If any payment hereunder shall be due on a day that is not a Business Day, the date for payment shall be extended to the next succeeding Business Day and, in the case of any payment accruing interest, interest thereon shall be payable for the period of such extension. All amounts owing under this Agreement (including commitment fees, payments required under Section 2.13, and payments required under Section 2.14 relating to any Loan denominated in Dollars, but not including principal of, and interest on, any Loan denominated in any Foreign Currency or payments relating to any such Loan required under Section 2.14 or any reimbursement or cash collateralization of any LC Exposure denominated in any Foreign Currency, which are payable in such Foreign Currency) or under any other Loan Document (except to the extent otherwise provided therein) are payable in Dollars. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Borrower shall fail to pay any principal of any Loan when due (whether at stated maturity, by acceleration, by mandatory prepayment or otherwise), the unpaid portion of such Loan shall, if such Loan is not denominated in Dollars, automatically be redenominated in Dollars on the due date thereof (or, if such due date is a day other than the last day of the Interest Period therefor, on the last day of such Interest Period) in an amount equal to the Dollar Equivalent thereof on the date of such redenomination and such principal shall be payable on demand; and if the Borrower shall fail to pay any interest on any Loan that is not denominated in Dollars, such interest shall automatically be redenominated in Dollars on the due date therefor (or, if such due date is a day other than the last day of the Interest Period therefor, on the last day of such Interest Period) in an amount equal to the Dollar Equivalent thereof on the date of such redenomination and such interest shall be payable on demand.

 

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(b)            Application of Insufficient Payments. If at any time insufficient funds are received by and available to the Administrative Agent to pay fully all amounts of principal, unreimbursed LC Disbursements, interest and fees of a Class then due hereunder, such funds shall be applied (i) first, to pay interest and fees of such Class then due hereunder, ratably among the parties entitled thereto in accordance with the amounts of interest and fees of such Class then due to such parties, and (ii) second, to pay principal and unreimbursed LC Disbursements of such Class then due hereunder, ratably among the parties entitled thereto in accordance with the amounts of principal and unreimbursed LC Disbursements of such Class then due to such parties.

 

(c)            Pro Rata Treatment. Except to the extent otherwise provided herein: (i) each Borrowing of a Class shall be made from the Lenders of such Class, and each termination or reduction of the amount of the Commitments of a Class under Section 2.07 shall be applied to the respective Commitments of the Lenders of such Class, pro rata according to the amounts of their respective Commitments of such Class; (ii) each Borrowing of a Class shall be allocated pro rata among the Lenders of such Class according to the amounts of their respective Commitments of such Class (in the case of the making of Loans) or their respective Loans of such Class that are to be included in such Borrowing (in the case of conversions and continuations of Loans); (iii) each payment of commitment fee under Section 2.10 shall be made for account of the Lenders pro rata according to the average daily unused amounts of their respective Commitments; (iv) each payment or prepayment of principal of Loans of a Class by the Borrower shall be made for account of the Lenders of such Class pro rata in accordance with the respective unpaid principal amounts of the Loans of such Class held by them; and (v) each payment of interest on Loans of a Class by the Borrower shall be made for account of the Lenders of such Class pro rata in accordance with the amounts of interest on such Loans then due and payable to such Lenders.

 

(d)            Sharing of Payments by Lenders. If any Lender of a Class shall, by exercising any right of set-off or counterclaim or otherwise, obtain payment in respect of any principal of or interest on any of its Loans or participations in LC Disbursements of such Class resulting in such Lender receiving payment of a greater proportion of the aggregate amount of its Loans and participations in LC Disbursements and accrued interest thereon of such Class then due than the proportion received by any other Lender of such Class, then the Lender receiving such greater proportion shall purchase (for cash at face value) participations in the Loans and participations in LC Disbursements of other Lenders of such Class to the extent necessary so that the benefit of all such payments shall be shared by the Lenders of such Class ratably in accordance with the aggregate amount of principal of and accrued interest on their respective Loans and participations in LC Disbursements of such Class; provided that (i) if any such participations are purchased and all or any portion of the payment giving rise thereto is recovered, such participations shall be rescinded and the purchase price restored to the extent of such recovery, without interest, and (ii) the provisions of this paragraph shall not be construed to apply to any payment made by the Borrower pursuant to and in accordance with the express terms of this Agreement or any payment obtained by a Lender as consideration for the assignment of or sale of a participation in any of its Loans or participations in LC Disbursements to any assignee or participant, other than to the Borrower or any Subsidiary or Affiliate thereof (as to which the provisions of this paragraph shall apply). The Borrower consents to the foregoing and agrees, to the extent it may effectively do so under applicable law, that any Lender acquiring a participation pursuant to the foregoing arrangements may exercise against the Borrower rights of set-off and counterclaim with respect to such participation as fully as if such Lender were a direct creditor of the Borrower in the amount of such participation.

 

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(e)            Presumptions of Payment. Unless the Administrative Agent shall have received notice from the Borrower prior to the date on which any payment is due to the Administrative Agent for account of the Lenders or the Issuing Banks hereunder that the Borrower will not make such payment, the Administrative Agent may assume that the Borrower has made such payment on such date in accordance herewith and may, in reliance upon such assumption, distribute to the Lenders or the Issuing Banks, as the case may be, the amount due. In such event, if the Borrower has not in fact made such payment, then each of the Lenders or each of the Issuing Banks, as the case may be, severally agrees to repay to the Administrative Agent forthwith on demand the amount so distributed to such Lender or such Issuing Bank with interest thereon, for each day from and including the date such amount is distributed to it to but excluding the date of payment to the Administrative Agent, at the Federal Funds Effective Rate.

 

(f)            Certain Deductions by the Administrative Agent. If any Lender shall fail to make any payment required to be made by it pursuant to Section 2.04(e), 2.05(b) or 2.16(e), then the Administrative Agent may, in its discretion (notwithstanding any contrary provision hereof), apply any amounts thereafter received by the Administrative Agent for account of such Lender to satisfy such Lender’s obligations under such Sections until all such unsatisfied obligations are fully paid.

 

SECTION 2.17.      Defaulting Lenders.

 

Notwithstanding any provision of this Agreement to the contrary, if any Lender becomes a Defaulting Lender, then the following provisions shall apply for so long as such Lender is a Defaulting Lender:

 

(a)            commitment fees pursuant to Section 2.10(a) shall cease to accrue on the unfunded portion of the Commitment of such Defaulting Lender;

 

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(b)            the Commitment and Revolving Credit Exposure of such Defaulting Lender shall not be included in determining whether the Required Lenders or the Required Lenders of a Class have taken or may take any action hereunder (including any consent to any amendment or waiver pursuant to Section 9.02), provided that any waiver, amendment or modification requiring the consent of all Lenders (or all Lenders of a Class) or each affected Lender, including as set forth in Section 9.02(b)(i), (ii), (iii), (iv) or (v), shall require the consent of such Defaulting Lender;

 

(c)            if any LC Exposure or Swingline Exposure exists at the time a Lender becomes a Defaulting Lender then:

 

(i)            all or any part of such Swingline Exposure (other than the portion of such Swingline Exposure consisting of Swingline Loans made by such Defaulting Lender) and LC Exposure shall be reallocated among the non-Defaulting Lenders holding Commitments of the same Class as such Defaulting Lender in accordance with their respective Applicable Multicurrency Percentages or Applicable Dollar Percentages, as applicable, but only to the extent (x) the sum of all non-Defaulting Lenders’ Revolving Credit Exposures of such Class plus such Defaulting Lender’s Swingline Exposure and LC Exposure of such Class does not exceed the total of all non-Defaulting Lenders’ Commitments of such Class and (y) no non-Defaulting Lender’s Revolving Credit Exposure of such Class will exceed such Lender’s Commitment of such Class;

 

(ii)            if the reallocation described in clause (i) above cannot, or can only partially, be effected, the Borrower shall, without prejudice to any right or remedy available to it hereunder or under law, within three Business Days following notice by the Administrative Agent (x) first, prepay such Defaulting Lender’s Swingline Exposure and (y) second, cash collateralize such Defaulting Lender’s LC Exposure (after giving effect to any partial reallocation pursuant to clause (i) above) in accordance with the procedures set forth in Section 2.04(k) for so long as such LC Exposure is outstanding;

 

(iii)            if the Borrower cash collateralizes any portion of such Defaulting Lender’s LC Exposure pursuant to clause (ii) above, the Borrower shall not be required to pay any fees to such Defaulting Lender pursuant to Section 2.10(b) with respect to such LC Exposure during the period such LC Exposure is cash collateralized;

 

(iv)            if the LC Exposure of the non-Defaulting Lenders of the same Class as such Defaulting Lender is reallocated pursuant to clause (i) above, then the fees payable to the Lenders pursuant to Section 2.10(a) and Section 2.10(b) shall be adjusted in accordance with such non-Defaulting Lenders’ Applicable Multicurrency Percentages or Applicable Dollar Percentages, as applicable, in effect immediately after giving effect to such reallocation;

 

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(v)            if any Defaulting Lender’s LC Exposure is neither cash collateralized nor reallocated pursuant to this Section 2.17(c), then, without prejudice to any rights or remedies of any Issuing Bank or any Lender hereunder, all facility fees that otherwise would have been payable to such Defaulting Lender (solely with respect to the portion of such Defaulting Lender’s Commitment that was utilized by such LC Exposure) and letter of credit fees payable under Section 2.10(b) with respect to such Defaulting Lender’s LC Exposure shall be payable to the applicable Issuing Bank until such LC Exposure is cash collateralized and/or reallocated; and

 

(vi)            no reallocation hereunder shall constitute a waiver or release of any claim of any party hereunder against a Defaulting Lender arising from that Lender having become a Defaulting Lender, including any claim of a non-Defaulting Lender as a result of such non-Defaulting Lender’s increased exposure following such reallocation; and

 

(d)            so long as any Lender is a Defaulting Lender, an Issuing Bank shall not be required to issue, amend or increase any Letter of Credit, and a Swingline Lender shall not be required to make new Swingline Loans, unless, in each case, it is satisfied that the related exposure will be 100% covered by the Commitments of the non-Defaulting Lenders of the applicable Class and/or cash collateral will be provided by the Borrower in accordance with Section 2.17(c), and Swingline Exposure related to any newly made Swingline Loan and participating interests in any such newly issued or increased Letter of Credit shall be allocated among non-Defaulting Lenders of such Class in a manner consistent with Section 2.17(c)(i) (and Defaulting Lenders shall not participate therein).

 

In the event that the Administrative Agent, the Borrower and the Issuing Banks (with respect to the Issuing Banks, only to the extent that such Issuing Bank acts in such capacity under the same Class of Commitments held by a Defaulting Lender) each agree that such Defaulting Lender has adequately remedied all matters that caused such Lender to be a Defaulting Lender, then the Borrower shall no longer be required to cash collateralize any portion of such Lender’s LC Exposure cash collateralized pursuant to Section 2.17(c)(ii) above and the Swingline Exposure and the LC Exposure of the Lenders of the affected Class shall be readjusted to reflect the inclusion of such Lender’s Commitment of such Class and on such date such Lender shall purchase at par such of the Loans of the other Lenders of such Class as the Administrative Agent shall determine may be necessary in order for such Lender to hold such Loans in accordance with its Applicable Multicurrency Percentage or Applicable Dollar Percentage.

 

Subject to Section 9.15 no reallocation hereunder shall constitute a waiver or release of any claim of any party hereunder against a Defaulting Lender arising from that Lender having become a Defaulting Lender, including any claim of a non-Defaulting Lender as a result of such non-Defaulting Lender’s increased exposure following such reallocation.

 

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SECTION 2.18.      Mitigation Obligations; Replacement of Lenders.

 

(a)            Designation of a Different Lending Office. If any Lender requests compensation under Section 2.13, or if the Borrower is required to pay any additional amount to any Lender or any Governmental Authority for account of any Lender pursuant to Section 2.15, then such Lender shall use reasonable efforts to designate a different lending office for funding or booking its Loans hereunder or to assign its rights and obligations hereunder to another of its offices, branches or affiliates, if, in the judgment of such Lender, such designation or assignment (i) would eliminate or reduce amounts payable pursuant to Section 2.13 or 2.15, as the case may be, in the future and (ii) would not subject such Lender to any cost or expense not required to be reimbursed by the Borrower and would not otherwise be disadvantageous to such Lender. The Borrower hereby agrees to pay all reasonable costs and expenses incurred by any Lender in connection with any such designation or assignment.

 

(b)            Replacement of Lenders. If any Lender requests compensation under Section 2.13, or if the Borrower is required to pay any additional amount to any Lender or any Governmental Authority for account of any Lender pursuant to Section 2.15, or if any Lender becomes a Defaulting Lender or is a non-consenting Lender (as provided in Section 9.02(d)), then the Borrower may, at its sole expense and effort, upon notice to such Lender and the Administrative Agent, require such Lender to assign and delegate, without recourse (in accordance with and subject to the restrictions contained in Section 9.04), all its interests, rights and obligations under this Agreement to an assignee that shall assume such obligations (which assignee may be another Lender, if a Lender accepts such assignment); provided that (i) the Borrower shall have received the prior written consent of the Administrative Agent (and, if a Commitment is being assigned, the Issuing Banks), which consent shall not unreasonably be withheld, (ii) such Lender shall have received payment of an amount equal to the outstanding principal of its Loans and participations in LC Disbursements, accrued interest thereon, accrued fees and all other amounts payable to it hereunder, from the assignee (to the extent of such outstanding principal and accrued interest and fees) or the Borrower (in the case of all other amounts), and (iii) in the case of any such assignment resulting from a claim for compensation under Section 2.13 or payments required to be made pursuant to Section 2.15, such assignment will result in a reduction in such compensation or payments. A Lender shall not be required to make any such assignment and delegation if, prior thereto, as a result of a waiver by such Lender or otherwise, the circumstances entitling the Borrower to require such assignment and delegation cease to apply.

 

(c)            Defaulting Lender. If any Lender shall fail to make any payment required to be made by it pursuant to Section 2.04(e), 2.05 or 9.03(c), then the Administrative Agent may, in its discretion and notwithstanding any contrary provision hereof, (i) apply any amounts thereafter received by the Administrative Agent for the account of such Lender for the benefit of the Administrative Agent or the Issuing Banks to satisfy such Lender’s obligations under such Sections until all such unsatisfied obligations are fully paid, and/or (ii) hold any such amounts in a segregated account as cash collateral for, and application to, any future funding obligations of such Lender under such Sections; in the case of each of (i) and (ii) above, in any order as determined by the Administrative Agent in its discretion.

 

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SECTION 2.19.      Swingline Loans.

 

(a)            Agreement to Make Swingline Loans. Subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein, each Swingline Lender severally agrees to make Swingline Loans under its outstanding Commitment to the Borrower from time to time during the Availability Period in Dollars and in CAD, EUR, GBP and Yen, in an aggregate principal amount at any time outstanding that will not result in (i) the Dollar Equivalent of the aggregate principal amount of outstanding Swingline Loans exceeding $100,000,000 (or such lesser amount as may be permitted after giving effect to the application of the other sub-clauses of this clause (a)), (ii) (x) the sum of any Multicurrency Swingline Lender’s outstanding Multicurrency Loans, its Multicurrency LC Exposure, its outstanding Swingline Loans and (without duplication) its other Multicurrency Swingline Exposure exceeding its Multicurrency Commitment or (y) the sum of any Dollar Swingline Lender’s outstanding Dollar Loans, its Dollar LC Exposure, its outstanding Swingline Loans and (without duplication) its other Dollar Swingline Exposure exceeding its Dollar Commitment; (iii) the total Revolving Multicurrency Credit Exposures exceeding the aggregate Multicurrency Commitments or the total Revolving Dollar Credit Exposures exceeding the aggregate Dollar Commitments, (iv) the aggregate Swingline Exposure of the applicable Swingline Lender exceeding the amount set forth opposite the name of such Swingline Lender in Schedule IX hereto or (v) the total Covered Debt Amount exceeding the Borrowing Base then in effect; provided that no Swingline Lender shall be required to make a Swingline Loan to refinance an outstanding Swingline Loan. For the avoidance of doubt, the Relevant Rate for Swingline Loans denominated in Euros shall be, subject to Section 2.12, Daily Simple ESTR. The Borrower may not request, and no Swingline Lender shall issue, more than four (4) Swingline Loans denominated in GBP in the aggregate in any calendar year

 

(b)            Notice of Swingline Loans by the Borrower. To request a Swingline Loan, the Borrower shall notify the Administrative Agent of such request in writing (i) in the case of a Swingline Loan denominated in Dollars, not later than 11:00 a.m., New York City time, on the day of such proposed Swingline Loan and (ii) in the case of a Swingline Loan denominated in CAD, EUR, GBP and Yen, not later than  9:00 a.m., London time, one Business Day prior to such proposed Swingline Loan. Each such notice shall be irrevocable and shall specify the Swingline Lender from which such Swingline Loan shall be made, the requested date (which shall be a Business Day), the amount of the requested Swingline Loan and whether such Swingline Loan is to be made under the Dollar Commitments or the Multicurrency Commitments. The Administrative Agent will promptly advise the applicable Swingline Lender of any such notice received from the Borrower. The applicable Swingline Lender shall make each Swingline Loan available to the Borrower by means of a credit to the general deposit account of the Borrower with the Swingline Lender (or, in the case of a Swingline Loan made to finance the reimbursement of an LC Disbursement as provided in Section 2.04(f), by remittance to the Issuing Bank) by 3:00 p.m., New York City time, on the requested date of such Swingline Loan. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the foregoing, Swingline Loans requested from SMBC shall be available in Dollars only.

 

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(c)            Participations by Lenders in Swingline Loans. Any Swingline Lender may by written notice given to the Administrative Agent not later than 10:00 a.m., New York City time on any Business Day, require the Lenders of the applicable Class to acquire participations on such Business Day in all or a portion of the Swingline Loans of such Class outstanding. Such notice to the Administrative Agent shall specify the aggregate amount of Swingline Loans in which the applicable Lenders will participate. Promptly upon receipt of such notice, the Administrative Agent will give notice thereof to each applicable Lender, specifying in such notice such Lender’s Applicable Dollar Percentage or Applicable Multicurrency Percentage of such Swingline Loan or Loans. Each Lender hereby absolutely and unconditionally agrees, promptly upon receipt of such notice (and in any event, (i) with respect to Dollars, if such notice is received by 12:00 noon, New York City time, on a Business Day no later than 5:00 p.m. New York City time on such Business Day and if received after 12:00 noon, New York City time, on a Business Day shall mean no later than 10:00 a.m. New York City time on the immediately succeeding Business Day and (ii) with respect to any Agreed Foreign Currency, within three (3) Business Days of receipt of such notice) as provided above in this paragraph, to pay to the Administrative Agent, for account of the Swingline Lender, such Lender’s Applicable Dollar Percentage or Applicable Multicurrency Percentage, as the case may be, of such Swingline Loan or Loans.

 

Subject to the foregoing, each Lender acknowledges and agrees that its obligation to acquire participations in Swingline Loans pursuant to this paragraph (c) is absolute and unconditional and shall not be affected by any circumstance whatsoever, including the occurrence and continuance of a Default or reduction or termination of the Commitments of the respective Class, and that each such payment shall be made without any offset, abatement, withholding or reduction whatsoever. Each Lender shall comply with its obligation under this paragraph by wire transfer of immediately available funds, in the same manner as provided in Section 2.05 with respect to Loans made by such Lender (and Section 2.05 shall apply, mutatis mutandis, to the payment obligations of the Lenders), and the Administrative Agent shall promptly pay to the Swingline Lender the amounts so received by it from the Lenders. The Administrative Agent shall notify the Borrower of any participations in any Swingline Loan acquired pursuant to this paragraph, and thereafter payments in respect of such Swingline Loan shall be made to the Administrative Agent and not to the Swingline Lender. Any amounts received by the Swingline Lender from the Borrower (or other party on behalf of the Borrower) in respect of a Swingline Loan after receipt by the Swingline Lender of the proceeds of a sale of participations therein shall be promptly remitted to the Administrative Agent; any such amounts received by the Administrative Agent shall be promptly remitted by the Administrative Agent to the Lenders that shall have made their payments pursuant to this paragraph and to the Swingline Lender, as their interests may appear. The purchase of participations in a Swingline Loan pursuant to this paragraph shall not relieve the Borrower of any default in the payment thereof.

 

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(d)            Resignation and Replacement of Swingline Lender. Any Swingline Lender may resign and be replaced at any time by written agreement among the Borrower, the Administrative Agent, the resigning Swingline Lender and the successor Swingline Lender. The Administrative Agent shall notify the Lenders of any such resignation and replacement of any Swingline Lender. In addition to the foregoing, if a Lender becomes, and during the period it remains, a Defaulting Lender, and if any Default has arisen from a failure of the Borrower to comply with Section 2.19(a), then any Swingline Lender may, upon prior written notice to the Borrower and the Administrative Agent, resign as Swingline Lender, effective at the close of business New York City time on a date specified in such notice (which date may not be less than five (5) Business Days after the date of such notice). On or after the effective date of any such resignation, the Borrower and the Administrative Agent may, by written agreement, appoint a successor Swingline Lender. The Administrative Agent shall notify the Lenders of any such appointment of a successor Swingline Lender. Upon the effectiveness of any resignation of any Swingline Lender, the Borrower shall repay in full all outstanding Swingline Loans together with all accrued interest thereon. From and after the effective date of the appointment of a successor Swingline Lender, (i) the successor Swingline Lender shall have all the rights and obligations of the replaced Swingline Lender under this Agreement with respect to Swingline Loans to be made thereafter and (ii) references herein to the term “Swingline Lender” shall be deemed to refer to such successor or to any previous Swingline Lender, or to such successor and all previous Swingline Lenders, as the context shall require. After the replacement of any Swingline Lender hereunder, the replaced Swingline Lender shall have no obligation to make additional Swingline Loans.

 

ARTICLE III
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES

 

The Borrower represents and warrants to the Lenders that:

 

SECTION 3.01.      Organization; Powers. Each of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization, has all requisite power and authority to carry on its business as now conducted and, except where the failure to do so, individually or in the aggregate, could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, is qualified to do business in, and is in good standing in, every jurisdiction where such qualification is required of the Borrower or such Subsidiary, as applicable.

 

SECTION 3.02.      Authorization; Enforceability. The Transactions are within the Borrower’s corporate powers and have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate and, if required, by all necessary shareholder action. This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by the Borrower and constitutes, and each of the other Loan Documents when executed and delivered will constitute, a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Borrower, enforceable in accordance with its terms, except as such enforceability may be limited by (a) bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or similar laws of general applicability affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights and (b) the application of general principles of equity (regardless of whether such enforceability is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law).

 

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SECTION 3.03.      Governmental Approvals; No Conflicts. The Transactions (a) do not require any consent or approval of, registration or filing with, or any other action by, any Governmental Authority, except for (i) such as have been or will be obtained or made and are in full force and effect and (ii) filings and recordings in respect of the Liens created pursuant to the Security Documents, (b) will not violate any applicable law or regulation or the certificate of trust, by-laws or other organizational documents of the Borrower or any other Obligors or any order of any Governmental Authority, (c) will not violate or result in a default in any material respect under any indenture, agreement or other instrument binding upon the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries or assets, or give rise to a right thereunder to require any payment to be made by any such Person, and (d) except for the Liens created pursuant to the Security Documents, will not result in the creation or imposition of any Lien on any asset of the Borrower or any other Obligors.

 

SECTION 3.04.      Financial Condition; No Material Adverse Change.

 

(a)            Financial Statements The financial statements (or, in the case of Section 4.01(l), the balance sheets) delivered to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders by the Borrower pursuant to Sections 4.01(l), 5.01(a) and 5.01(b) present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position and results of operations and cash flows of the Borrower and its consolidated Subsidiaries as of the end of and for the applicable period in accordance with GAAP applied on a consistent basis, subject, in the case of unaudited financial statements, to year-end audit adjustments and the absence of footnotes.

 

(b)            No Material Adverse Change. Since December 9, 2022, there has not been any event, development or circumstance that has had or could reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on (i) the business, Portfolio Investments and other assets, liabilities and financial condition of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole (excluding in any case a decline in the net asset value of the Borrower or a change in general market conditions or values of the Portfolio Investments of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries), or (ii) the validity or enforceability of any of the Loan Documents or the rights or remedies of the Administrative Agent and the Lenders thereunder.

 

SECTION 3.05.      Litigation.

 

(a)            Actions, Suits and Proceedings. There are no actions, suits, investigations or proceedings by or before any arbitrator or Governmental Authority now pending against or, to the knowledge of the Borrower, threatened against or affecting the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries (i) as to which there is a reasonable possibility of an adverse determination and that, if adversely determined, could reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to result in a Material Adverse Effect or (ii) that involve this Agreement or the Transactions (except, in each case, as disclosed to the Lenders and the Administrative Agent prior to the Effective Date).

 

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SECTION 3.06.      Compliance with Laws and Agreements. Each of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries is in compliance with all laws, regulations and orders of any Governmental Authority applicable to it or its property and all indentures, agreements and other instruments binding upon it or its property, except where the failure to do so, individually or in the aggregate, could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. None of the Obligors is subject to any contract or other arrangement, the performance of which by them could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

 

SECTION 3.07.      Sanctions and Anti-Corruption Laws. The Borrower has implemented and maintains in effect policies and procedures designed to ensure compliance by the Borrower, its Subsidiaries and their respective directors, officers, employees and investment advisors with Anti-Corruption Laws and applicable Sanctions in all material respects, and the Borrower, its Subsidiaries and, to the knowledge of the Borrower, their respective employees, officers, directors, and agents, are in compliance with Anti-Corruption Laws and applicable Sanctions in all material respects. None of the Borrower or any Subsidiary nor, to the knowledge of the Borrower, any director, officer, manager or agent of the Borrower or any Subsidiary is a Sanctioned Person or the subject of any Sanctions.

 

SECTION 3.08.      Taxes. Each of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries has timely filed or caused to be filed all material Tax returns and reports required to have been filed and has paid or caused to be paid all material Taxes required to have been paid by it, except (a) Taxes that are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings and for which such Person has set aside on its books adequate reserves or (b) to the extent that the failure to do so could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

 

SECTION 3.09.      ERISA. No ERISA Event has occurred or is reasonably expected to occur that, when taken together with all other such ERISA Events for which liability is reasonably expected to occur, could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

 

SECTION 3.10.      Disclosure. The Borrower has disclosed to the Lenders all agreements, instruments and corporate or other restrictions to which it or any of its Subsidiaries is subject, and all other matters known to it, that, individually or in the aggregate, could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. None of the reports, financial statements, certificates or other written information furnished by or on behalf of the Borrower to the Lenders in connection with the negotiation of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents or delivered hereunder or thereunder (as modified or supplemented by other information so furnished) when taken as a whole contains any material misstatement of fact or omits to state any material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided that, with respect to projected financial information, other forward looking information relating to third parties and information of a general economic or general industry nature, the Borrower represents only that such information was prepared in good faith based upon assumptions believed to be reasonable at the time.

 

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SECTION 3.11.      Investment Company Act; Margin Regulations.

 

(a)            Status as Business Development Company. The Borrower is an “investment company” that has elected to be regulated as a “business development company” within the meaning of the Investment Company Act and qualifies as a RIC.

 

(b)            Compliance with Investment Company Act. The business and other activities of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, including the making of the Loans hereunder, the application of the proceeds and repayment thereof by the Borrower and the consummation of the Transactions contemplated by the Loan Documents do not result in a violation or breach in any material respect of the provisions of the Investment Company Act or any rules, regulations or orders issued by the Securities and Exchange Commission thereunder, in each case, that are applicable to the Borrower and its Subsidiaries.

 

(c)            Investment Policies. The Borrower is in compliance with all written investment policies, restrictions and limitations for the Borrower delivered to the Lenders prior to the Effective Date (the “Investment Policies”), except to the extent that the failure to so comply could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

 

(d)            Use of Credit. Neither the Borrower nor any of its Subsidiaries is engaged principally, or as one of its important activities, in the business of extending credit for the purpose, whether immediate, incidental or ultimate, of buying or carrying Margin Stock, and no part of the proceeds of any extension of credit hereunder will be used to buy or carry any Margin Stock.

 

SECTION 3.12.      Material Agreements and Liens.

 

(a)            Material Agreements. Part A of Schedule II is a complete and correct list of each credit agreement, loan agreement, indenture, note purchase agreement, guarantee, letter of credit or other arrangement providing for or otherwise relating to any Indebtedness or any extension of credit (or commitment for any extension of credit) to, or guarantee by, the Borrower or any Obligor outstanding on the Effective Date, and the aggregate principal or face amount outstanding or that may become outstanding under each such arrangement in each case as of the Effective Date is correctly described in Part A of Schedule II.

 

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(b)            Liens. Part B of Schedule II is a complete and correct list of each Lien securing Indebtedness of any Person outstanding on the Effective Date covering any property of the Borrower or any Obligors, and the aggregate Indebtedness secured (or that may be secured) by each such Lien and the property covered by each such Lien is correctly described in Part B of Schedule II.

 

SECTION 3.13.      Subsidiaries and Investments.

 

(a)            Subsidiaries. Set forth in Part A of Schedule IV is a complete and correct list of all of the Subsidiaries of the Borrower on the Effective Date together with, for each such Subsidiary, (i) the jurisdiction of organization of such Subsidiary, (ii) each Person holding ownership interests in such Subsidiary, (iii) the nature of the ownership interests held by each such Person and the percentage of ownership of such Subsidiary represented by such ownership interests and (iv) whether such Subsidiary is a Designated Subsidiary or an Excluded Asset. Except as disclosed in Part A of Schedule IV, (x) the Borrower owns, free and clear of Liens (other than any lien permitted by Section 6.02 hereof), and has (and will have) the unencumbered right to vote, all outstanding ownership interests in each Person shown to be held by it in Part A of Schedule IV, (y) all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of each such Person organized as a corporation is validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and (z) there are no outstanding Equity Interests with respect to such Person. Each Subsidiary identified on said Part A of Schedule IV as a “Designated Subsidiary” qualifies as such under the definition of “Designated Subsidiary” set forth in Section 1.01.

 

(b)            Investments. Set forth in Part B of Schedule IV is a complete and correct list of all Investments (other than Investments of the types referred to in clauses (b), (c) and (d) of Section 6.04) held by any of the Obligors in any Person on the Effective Date and, for each such Investment, (x) the identity of the Person or Persons holding such Investment and (y) the nature of such Investment. Except as disclosed in Part B of Schedule IV, each of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries owns, free and clear of all Liens (other than Permitted Liens or Liens created pursuant to the Security Documents), all such Investments.

 

SECTION 3.14.      Properties.

 

(a)            Title Generally. Each of the Borrower and the other Obligors has good title to, or valid leasehold interests in, all its real and personal property material to its business, except for minor defects in title that do not interfere with its ability to conduct its business as currently conducted or to utilize such properties for their intended purposes.

 

(b)            Intellectual Property. Each of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries owns, or is licensed to use, all trademarks, tradenames, copyrights, patents and other intellectual property material to its business, and the use thereof by the Borrower and its Subsidiaries does not infringe upon the rights of any other Person, except for any such infringements that, individually or in the aggregate, could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

 

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SECTION 3.15.      Affiliate Agreements. As of the Effective Date, the Borrower has heretofore delivered (to the extent not otherwise publicly filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission) to each of the Lenders true and complete copies of each of the Affiliate Agreements (including any amendments, supplements or waivers executed and delivered thereunder and any schedules and exhibits thereto). As of the date of hereof, each of the Affiliate Agreements is in full force and effect.

 

SECTION 3.16.      Security Documents. The provisions of the Security Documents are effective to create in favor of the Collateral Agent for the benefit of the Secured Parties a legal, valid and enforceable first priority Lien (subject to Liens permitted by Section 6.02) on all right, title and interest of the respective Obligors in the Collateral described therein to secure the Secured Obligations, except for any failure that would not constitute an Event of Default under Section 7.01(p). Except for filings completed prior to the Effective Date and as contemplated hereby and by the Security Documents, no filing or other action will be necessary to perfect such Liens to the extent required thereunder, except for the failure to make any filing that would not constitute an Event of Default under Section 7.01(p).

 

SECTION 3.17.      Affected Financial Institutions. No Obligor is an Affected Financial Institution.

 

ARTICLE IV
CONDITIONS

 

SECTION 4.01.      Effective Date. This Agreement shall become effective on the date on which the Administrative Agent shall have received each of the following documents, each of which shall be satisfactory to the Administrative Agent (and to the extent specified below, to each Lender) in form and substance (or such condition shall have been waived in accordance with Section 9.02):

 

(a)            Executed Counterparts. From each of the parties hereto, either (i) a counterpart of this Agreement signed on behalf of such party or (ii) written evidence satisfactory to the Administrative Agent (which may include telecopy or electronic transmission of a signed signature page to this Agreement) that such party has signed a counterpart of this Agreement.

 

(b)            Fees and Expenses. The Administrative Agent shall have received evidence of the payment by the Borrower of all fees payable to the Lenders on the Effective Date that the Borrower has agreed to pay in connection with this Agreement. The Borrower shall have paid all reasonable expenses (including the legal fees of Milbank LLP) for which invoices have been presented that the Borrower has agreed to pay in connection with this Agreement.

 

(c)            Opinion of Counsel to the Obligors. A favorable written opinion (addressed to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders and dated the Effective Date) of Latham & Watkins LLP, New York counsel for the Obligors, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent and of Richards, Layton & Finger, P.A., Delaware counsel for the Borrower, in substantially the form of Exhibit C, and in each case covering such other matters relating to the Obligors, this Agreement or the Transactions as the Required Lenders shall reasonably request (and the Borrower hereby instructs such counsel to deliver such opinion to the Lenders and the Administrative Agent).

 

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(d)            Opinion of Special New York Counsel to JPMCB. An opinion, dated the Effective Date, of Milbank LLP, special New York counsel to JPMCB in substantially the form of Exhibit D (and JPMCB hereby instructs such counsel to deliver such opinion to the Lenders).

 

(e)            Corporate Documents. Such documents and certificates as the Administrative Agent or its counsel may reasonably request relating to the organization, existence and good standing of the Obligors, the authorization of the Transactions and any other legal matters relating to the Obligors, this Agreement or the Transactions, all in form and substance satisfactory to the Administrative Agent and its counsel.

 

(f)             Officer’s Certificate. A certificate, dated the Effective Date and signed by the president, a vice president, the chief executive officer or a Financial Officer of the Borrower, confirming compliance with the conditions set forth in the lettered clauses of the first sentence of Section 4.02.

 

(g)            Liens. Results of a recent lien search in each relevant jurisdiction with respect to the Borrower and such search shall reveal no liens on any of the assets of the Obligors except for liens permitted under Section 6.02.

 

(h)            Guarantee and Security Agreement. The Guarantee and Security Agreement, duly executed and delivered by each Obligor.

 

(i)             Borrowing Base Certificate. A Borrowing Base Certificate as of a date not more than five days prior to the Effective Date, updated to reflect any changes to the calculation of the Borrowing Base or the Covered Debt Amount as of the Effective Date.

 

(j)             [Reserved].

 

(k)            Valuation Policy. A copy of the Valuation Policy.

 

(l)             Opening Balance Sheet. The Administrative Agent and the Lenders shall have received prior to the execution of this Agreement the unaudited balance sheet of the Borrower as of the Effective Date.

 

(m)           Capital Commitments. The Administrative Agent shall have received evidence that the Borrower has, as of the date hereof, at least $400,000,000 in committed equity capital, which equity capital is available to the Borrower on customary terms.

 

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(n)            Other Documents. Such other documents as the Administrative Agent or any Lender or special New York counsel to JPMCB may reasonably request.

 

SECTION 4.02.      Each Credit Event. The obligation of each Lender to make any Loan, and of each Issuing Bank to issue, amend, renew or extend any Letter of Credit, is additionally subject to the satisfaction of the following conditions:

 

(a)            the representations and warranties of the Borrower set forth in this Agreement and in the other Loan Documents shall be true and correct in all material respects (or, in the case of the representations and warranties in Sections 3.01 (first sentence with respect to the Obligors), 3.02, 3.04, 3.11 and 3.15 of this Agreement, and in Sections 2.01, 2.02 and 2.04 through 2.09 of the Guarantee and Security Agreement, true and correct in all respects) on and as of the date of such Loan or the date of issuance, amendment, renewal or extension of such Letter of Credit, as applicable, or, as to any such representation or warranty that refers to a specific date, as of such specific date;

 

(b)            at the time of and immediately after giving effect to such Loan or the issuance, amendment, renewal or extension of such Letter of Credit, as applicable, no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing; and

 

(c)            either (i) the aggregate Covered Debt Amount (immediately after giving effect to such extension of credit and any Concurrent Transactions) shall not exceed the Borrowing Base reflected on the Borrowing Base Certificate most recently delivered to the Administrative Agent or (ii) the Borrower shall have delivered an updated Borrowing Base Certificate demonstrating that the Covered Debt Amount (after giving effect to such extension of credit) shall not exceed the Borrowing Base after giving effect to such extension of credit as well as any Concurrent Transactions.

 

Each Borrowing and each issuance, amendment, renewal or extension of a Letter of Credit shall be deemed to constitute a representation and warranty by the Borrower on the date thereof as to the matters specified in the preceding sentence.

 

ARTICLE V
AFFIRMATIVE COVENANTS

 

Until the Commitments have expired or been terminated and the principal of and interest on each Loan and all fees payable hereunder shall have been paid in full and all Letters of Credit shall have expired or been terminated and all LC Disbursements shall have been reimbursed, the Borrower covenants and agrees with the Lenders that:

 

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SECTION 5.01.      Financial Statements and Other Information. The Borrower will furnish to the Administrative Agent and each Lender:

 

(a)            within 90 days after the end of each fiscal year of the Borrower, the audited consolidated balance sheet and related statements of operations, stockholders’ equity and cash flows of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries as of the end of and for such year, setting forth in each case in comparative form the figures for the previous fiscal year, all reported on by KPMG LLP or other independent public accountants of recognized national standing to the effect that such consolidated financial statements present fairly in all material respects the financial condition and results of operations of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP consistently applied; provided that the requirements set forth in this clause (a) may be fulfilled by providing to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders the report of the Borrower to the SEC on Form 10-K for the applicable fiscal year;

 

(b)            within 45 days after the end of each of the first three fiscal quarters of each fiscal year of the Borrower, the consolidated balance sheet and related statements of operations, stockholders’ equity and cash flows of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries as of the end of and for such fiscal quarter and the then elapsed portion of the fiscal year, setting forth in each case in comparative form the figures for (or, in the case of the balance sheet, as of the end of) the corresponding period or periods of the previous fiscal year, all certified by a Financial Officer of the Borrower as presenting fairly in all material respects the financial condition and results of operations of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP consistently applied, subject to normal year-end audit adjustments and the absence of footnotes; provided that the requirements set forth in this clause (b) may be fulfilled by providing to the Lenders the report of the Borrower to the SEC on Form 10-Q for the applicable quarterly period;

 

(c)            concurrently with any delivery of financial statements under clause (a) or (b) of this Section, a certificate of a Financial Officer of the Borrower (i) certifying as to whether the Borrower has knowledge that a Default has occurred and, if a Default has occurred, specifying the details thereof and any action taken or proposed to be taken with respect thereto, (ii) setting forth reasonably detailed calculations demonstrating compliance with Sections 6.01, 6.02, 6.04, 6.05 and 6.07 and (iii) stating whether any change in GAAP as applied by (or in the application of GAAP by) the Borrower has occurred since the date of the audited financial statements referred to in Section 3.04 and, if any such change has occurred, specifying the effect of such change on the financial statements accompanying such certificate;

 

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(d)            as soon as available and in any event not later than the last Business Day of the calendar month following each monthly accounting period (ending on the last day of each calendar month) of the Borrower, a Borrowing Base Certificate as at the last day of such accounting period presenting (i) the Borrower’s computation (and including the rationale for any industry reclassification) and including a certification of a Financial Officer as to compliance with Section 6.03(d) and 6.04(d) during the period covered by such Borrowing Base Certificate and (ii) the ratio of the Gross Borrowing Base to the Combined Debt Amount (showing the components of the Combined Debt Amount);

 

(e)            promptly but no later than five Business Days after the Borrower shall at any time have knowledge that there is a Borrowing Base Deficiency, a Borrowing Base Certificate as at the date the Borrower has knowledge of such Borrowing Base Deficiency indicating the amount of the Borrowing Base Deficiency as at the date the Borrower obtained knowledge of such deficiency and the amount of the Borrowing Base Deficiency as of the date not earlier than one Business Day prior to the date the Borrowing Base Certificate is delivered pursuant to this paragraph;

 

(f)            promptly upon receipt thereof, copies of all significant reports submitted by the Borrower’s independent public accountants in connection with each annual, interim or special audit or review of any type of the financial statements or related internal control systems of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries delivered by such accountants to the management or board of trustees of the Borrower;

 

(g)            promptly after the same become publicly available, copies of all periodic and other reports, proxy statements and other materials filed by any of the Obligors with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or any Governmental Authority succeeding to any or all of the functions of said Commission, or with any national securities exchange, as the case may be;

 

(h)            within 45 days after the end of the first three fiscal quarters of each fiscal year of the Borrower and 90 days after the end of each fiscal year of the Borrower, a schedule setting forth in reasonable detail with respect to each Portfolio Investment where there has been a sale in the most recently completed fiscal quarter, (i) the quantity sold of each Portfolio Investment, (ii) the value assigned to each Portfolio Investment as of the prior quarter end, (iii) the weighted average sale price of each Portfolio Investment, and (iv) the variance between (ii) and (iii);

 

(i)            within 45 days after the end of the first three fiscal quarters of each fiscal year of the Borrower and 90 days after the end of each fiscal year of the Borrower, a schedule setting forth in reasonable detail with respect to each Portfolio Investment, (i) the aggregate amount of all accrued paid-in-kind interest for such Portfolio Investment during the most recently ended fiscal quarter and (ii) the aggregate amount of all paid-in-kind interest collected during the most recently ended fiscal quarter;

 

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(j)            within 45 days after the end of the first three fiscal quarters of each fiscal year of the Borrower and 90 days after the end of each fiscal year of the Borrower, a schedule setting forth in reasonable detail with respect to each Portfolio Investment, (i) the quantity held of each Portfolio Investment, (ii) the value assigned to each Portfolio Investment as of the prior quarter end, (iii) the value assigned to each Portfolio Investment as of the current quarter end, and (iv) the variance between (ii) and (iii); and

 

(k)            promptly following any request therefor, such other information regarding the operations, business affairs and financial condition of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries, or compliance with the terms of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents, as the Administrative Agent or any Lender may reasonably request.

 

Notwithstanding anything in this Section 5.01 to the contrary, the Borrower shall be deemed to have satisfied the requirements of this Section 5.01 (other than Sections 5.01(c), (d) and (e)) if the reports, documents and other information of the type otherwise so required are publicly available when required to be filed on EDGAR at the www.sec.gov website or any successor service provided by the Securities and Exchange Commission, provided notice of such availability is provided to the Administrative Agent at or prior to the time period required by this Section 5.01.

 

SECTION 5.02.      Notices of Material Events. The Borrower will furnish to the Administrative Agent and each Lender prompt written notice of the following:

 

(a)            the occurrence of any Default;

 

(b)            the filing or commencement of any action, suit or proceeding by or before any arbitrator or Governmental Authority against or affecting the Borrower or any of its Affiliates that, if adversely determined, could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect;

 

(c)            the occurrence of any ERISA Event that, alone or together with any other ERISA Events that have occurred, could reasonably be expected to result in liability of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries in an aggregate amount exceeding $50,000,000; and

 

(d)            any other development that results in, or could reasonably be expected to result in, a Material Adverse Effect.

 

Each notice delivered under this Section shall be accompanied by a statement of a Financial Officer or other executive officer of the Borrower setting forth the details of the event or development requiring such notice and any action taken or proposed to be taken with respect thereto.

 

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SECTION 5.03.      Existence; Conduct of Business. The Borrower will, and will cause each of its Subsidiaries to, do or cause to be done all things necessary to preserve, renew and keep in full force and effect its legal existence and the rights, licenses, permits, privileges and franchises material to the conduct of its business; provided that the foregoing shall not prohibit any merger, consolidation, liquidation or dissolution not prohibited under Section 6.03.

 

SECTION 5.04.      Payment of Obligations. The Borrower will, and will cause each of its Subsidiaries to, pay its obligations, including tax liabilities and material contractual obligations, that, if not paid, could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect before the same shall become delinquent or in default, except where (a) the validity or amount thereof is being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings, (b) the Borrower or such Subsidiary has set aside on its books adequate reserves with respect thereto in accordance with GAAP and (c) the failure to make payment pending such contest could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

 

SECTION 5.05.      Maintenance of Properties; Insurance. The Borrower will, and will cause each of its Subsidiaries to, (a) keep and maintain all property material to the conduct of its business in good working order and condition, ordinary wear and tear excepted, and (b) maintain, with financially sound and reputable insurance companies, insurance in such amounts and against such risks as are customarily maintained by companies engaged in the same or similar businesses operating in the same or similar locations.

 

SECTION 5.06.      Books and Records; Inspection Rights The Borrower will, and will cause each of its Subsidiaries to, keep books of record and account in accordance with GAAP. The Borrower will, and will cause each other Obligor to, permit any representatives designated by the Administrative Agent or any Lender, upon reasonable prior notice, to visit and inspect its properties during business hours, to examine and make extracts from its books and records (including books and records maintained by it in its capacity as a “servicer” or in a similar capacity with respect to any Designated Subsidiary, and any books, records and documents held by the Custodian), and to discuss its affairs, finances and condition with its officers and independent accountants, all at such reasonable times and as often as reasonably requested, in each case, to the extent such inspection or requests for such information are reasonable and such information can be provided or discussed without violation of law, rule, regulation or contract; provided that the Borrower shall be entitled to have its representatives and advisors present during any inspection of its books and records.

 

SECTION 5.07.      Compliance with Laws; Anti-Corruption; Sanctions. The Borrower will, and will cause each of its Subsidiaries to, comply with all laws, rules, regulations, including the Investment Company Act, any applicable rules, regulations or orders issued by the Securities and Exchange Commission thereunder and orders of any other Governmental Authority applicable to it or its property, except where the failure to do so, individually or in the aggregate, could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. The Borrower will maintain in effect and enforce policies and procedures designed to ensure compliance by the Borrower, its Subsidiaries and their respective directors, officers, employees and agents with Anti-Corruption Laws and applicable Sanctions in all material respects.

 

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SECTION 5.08.      Certain Obligations Respecting Subsidiaries; Further Assurances.

 

(a)            Subsidiary Guarantors. In the event that any Obligor shall form or acquire any new Domestic Subsidiary (other than an Excluded Asset), the Borrower will cause such new Subsidiary to become a “Subsidiary Guarantor” (and, thereby, an “Obligor”) under a Guarantee Assumption Agreement and to deliver such proof of corporate or other action, incumbency of officers, opinions of counsel and other documents as is consistent with those delivered by the Borrower pursuant to Section 4.01 upon the Effective Date or as the Administrative Agent shall have requested.

 

(b)            Ownership of Subsidiaries. The Borrower will, and will cause each of its Subsidiaries to, take such action from time to time as shall be necessary to ensure that each of its Subsidiaries is a wholly owned Subsidiary (other than any Subsidiary that is an Excluded Asset).

 

(c)            Further Assurances. The Borrower will, and will cause each of the Subsidiary Guarantors to, take such action from time to time as shall reasonably be requested by the Administrative Agent to effectuate the purposes and objectives of this Agreement. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Borrower will, and will cause each of the Subsidiary Guarantors to, take such action from time to time (including filing appropriate Uniform Commercial Code financing statements and executing and delivering such assignments, security agreements and other instruments) as shall be reasonably requested by the Administrative Agent

 

(i)            to create, in favor of the Collateral Agent for the benefit of the Lenders (and any affiliate thereof that is a party to any Hedging Agreement entered into with the Borrower) and the holders of any Other Secured Indebtedness, perfected security interests and Liens in the Collateral; provided that any such security interest or Lien shall be subject to the relevant requirements of the Security Documents; provided further, that in the case of any Collateral consisting of voting stock of any Controlled Foreign Corporation, such security interest shall be limited to 65% of the issued and outstanding voting stock of such Controlled Foreign Corporation,

 

(ii)            subject to Section 5.14 hereof and Section 7.04 of the Security Agreement, to cause any bank or securities intermediary (within the meaning of the Uniform Commercial Code) to enter into such arrangements with the Collateral Agent as shall be appropriate in order that the Collateral Agent has “control” over each bank account or securities account of the Obligors (other than any thereof that are maintained by the Obligors in their capacity as “servicer” for any Designated Subsidiary, or which hold solely money or financial assets of any Excluded Asset), and in that connection, the Borrower agrees to cause all cash and other proceeds of Portfolio Investments received by any Obligor to be promptly deposited into such an account (or otherwise delivered to, or registered in the name of, the Collateral Agent) and, until such deposit, delivery or registration such cash and other proceeds shall be held in trust by the Borrower for and as the property of the Collateral Agent and shall not be commingled with any other funds or property of such Obligor or of any Designated Subsidiary or other Person (including with any money or financial assets of any Obligor in its capacity as “servicer” for any Excluded Asset, or any money or financial assets of any Excluded Asset).

 

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(iii)            to cause its Designated Subsidiaries or any Excluded Asset that is a Subsidiary, and any custodians or account banks and securities intermediaries acting on their behalf, or trustee or representative acting for any Person extending credit to any Designated Subsidiary or any such Excluded Asset, to execute and deliver such intercreditor and other agreements, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent, as it shall determine are necessary to confirm that none of such Designated Subsidiaries or Excluded Assets or custodians claims any interest or Lien upon any property of any Obligor and that any custodian that holds documentation on behalf of both the Obligors and any Designated Subsidiary or such Excluded Asset will provide access to such documentation consistent with the provisions of Section 5.06,

 

(iv)            in the case of any Portfolio Investment consisting of a Bank Loan that does not constitute all of the credit extended to the underlying borrower under the relevant underlying loan documents and an Excluded Asset holds any interest in the loans or other extensions of credit under such loan documents, (x) cause such Excluded Asset to be party to such underlying loan documents as a “lender” having a direct interest (or a participation not acquired from an Obligor) in such underlying loan documents and the extensions of credit thereunder and (y) ensure that all amounts owing to such Obligor or Excluded Asset by the underlying borrower or other obligated party are remitted by such borrower or obligated party directly to separate accounts of such Obligor and such Excluded Asset,

 

(v)            in the event that any Obligor is acting as an agent or administrative agent under any loan documents with respect to any Bank Loan that does not constitute all of the credit extended to the underlying borrower under the relevant underlying loan documents, ensure that all funds held by such Obligor in such capacity as agent or administrative agent is segregated from all other funds of such Obligor and clearly identified as being held in an agency capacity and

 

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(vi)            cause all loan and other documents relating to any Portfolio Investment to be held by (x) the Collateral Agent or (y) the Custodian pursuant to the terms of the Custodian Agreement (or another custodian reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent), or pursuant to an appropriate intercreditor agreement, so long as the Custodian (or custodian) has agreed to grant access to such loan and other documents to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders pursuant to an access or similar agreement between the Borrower and such Custodian (or custodian) in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent.

 

SECTION 5.09.      Use of Proceeds. The Borrower will use the proceeds of the Loans only for general corporate purposes of the Borrower in the ordinary course of business, including in connection with the acquisition and funding (either directly or through one or more wholly-owned Subsidiaries) of Portfolio Investments; provided that neither the Administrative Agent nor any Lender shall have any responsibility as to the use of any of such proceeds. No part of the proceeds of any Loan will be used in violation of Sanctions or any other applicable law or, directly or indirectly, for the purpose, whether immediate, incidental or ultimate, of buying or carrying any Margin Stock. Margin Stock shall be purchased by the Obligors only with the proceeds of Indebtedness not directly or indirectly secured by Margin Stock (within the meaning of Regulation U), or with the proceeds of equity capital of the Borrower. Without limiting the foregoing, no Obligor will directly or indirectly, use the proceeds of the Loans (A) in furtherance of an offer, payment, promise to pay, or authorization of the payment or giving of money, or anything else of value, to any Person in violation of any Anti-Corruption Laws, (B) for the purpose of funding, financing or facilitating any activities, business or transaction of or with any Sanctioned Person, or in any Sanctioned Country, to the extent such activities, businesses or transaction would be prohibited by Sanctions if conducted by a corporation incorporated in the United States, or (C) in any manner that would result in the violation of any Sanctions applicable to any party hereto.

 

SECTION 5.10.      Status of RIC and BDC. The Borrower shall at all times maintain its status as a RIC under the Code, and as a “business development company” under the Investment Company Act.

 

SECTION 5.11.      Investment and Valuation Policies. The Borrower shall promptly advise the Lenders and the Administrative Agent of any material change in either its Investment Policies or Valuation Policy.

 

SECTION 5.12.      Portfolio Valuation and Diversification, Etc.

 

(a)            Industry Classification Groups. For purposes of this Agreement, the Borrower shall assign each Portfolio Investment to an Industry Classification Group. To the extent that any Portfolio Investment is not correlated with the risks of other Portfolio Investments in an Industry Classification Group, such Portfolio Investment may be assigned by the Borrower to an Industry Classification Group that is more closely correlated to such Portfolio Investment. In the absence of any correlation, the Borrower shall be permitted, upon notice to the Administrative Agent and each Lender to create up to three additional industry classification groups for purposes of this Agreement.

 

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(b)            Portfolio Valuation Etc.

 

(i)            Settlement Date Basis. For purposes of this Agreement, all determinations of whether an investment is to be included as a Portfolio Investment shall be determined on a settlement-date basis (meaning that any investment that has been purchased will not be treated as a Portfolio Investment until such purchase has settled, and any Portfolio Investment which has been sold will not be excluded as a Portfolio Investment until such sale has settled), provided that no such investment shall be included as a Portfolio Investment to the extent it has not been paid for in full.

 

(ii)            Determination of Values. The Borrower will conduct reviews of the value to be assigned to each of its Portfolio Investments as follows:

 

(A)            Quoted Investments—External Review. With respect to Portfolio Investments (including Cash Equivalents) for which market quotations are readily available (“Quoted Investments”), the Borrower shall, not less frequently than once each calendar week, determine the market value of such Portfolio Investments which shall, in each case, be determined in accordance with one of the following methodologies (as selected by the Borrower):

 

(w)            in the case of public and 144A securities, the average of the mean prices as determined by two Approved Dealers selected by the Borrower,

 

(x)            in the case of bank loans, the mean price as determined by one Approved Dealer or Approved Pricing Service selected by the Borrower,

 

(y)            in the case of any Portfolio Investment traded on an exchange, the closing price for such Portfolio Investment most recently posted on such exchange, and

 

(z)            in the case of any other Portfolio Investment, the fair value thereof as determined by an Approved Pricing Service; and

 

(B)            Unquoted Investments-External Review. With respect to Portfolio Investments for which market quotations are not readily available (“Unquoted Investments”), the Borrower shall value such Portfolio Investments quarterly in a manner consistent with Ares Capital Management’s valuation policy and procedures (the “Valuation Policy”), including valuation of at least 35% by value of all Unquoted Investments using the assistance of an Approved Third Party Appraiser.

 

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(C)           Internal Review. The Borrower shall conduct an internal review of the aggregate value of the Portfolio Investments included in the Borrowing Base, and of the Borrowing Base, at least once each calendar week which shall take into account any events of which the Borrower has knowledge that materially affects the aggregate value of the Portfolio Investments included in the Borrowing Base or the Borrowing Base. If, based upon such weekly internal review, the Borrower determines that a Borrowing Base Deficiency exists, then the Borrower shall, within five Business Days as provided in Section 5.01(c), deliver a Borrowing Base Certificate reflecting the new amount of the Borrowing Base and shall take the actions, and make the payments and prepayments (and provide cover for Letters of Credit), all as more specifically set forth in Section 2.09(c).

 

(D)           Failure to Determine Values. If the Borrower shall fail to determine the value of any Portfolio Investment as at any date pursuant to the requirements of the foregoing sub-clauses (A) through (C), the “Value” of such Portfolio Investment as at such date shall be deemed to be zero;

 

provided that, in no event shall any Portfolio Investment be valued pursuant to the foregoing requirements less frequently than annually.

 

(iii)           Scheduled Testing of Values.

 

(A)           Each April 30, July 31, October 31 and February 28 of each calendar year (each a “Valuation Testing Date”), the Administrative Agent through an independent valuation provider selected by the Administrative Agent (the “Independent Valuation Provider”) will test the values determined pursuant to Section 5.12(b)(ii) above of those Portfolio Investments included in the Borrowing Base selected by the Administrative Agent; provided, that the aggregate fair value of such Portfolio Investments tested on any Valuation Testing Date will be approximately equal to the Tested Amount (as defined below).

 

(B)           For purposes of this Agreement, the “Tested Amount” shall be equal to the greater of: (i) an amount equal to (y) 125% of the Covered Debt Amount (as of the applicable Valuation Testing Date) minus (z) the sum of the values of all Quoted Investments included in the Borrowing Base (as of the applicable Valuation Testing Date) and (ii) 10% of the aggregate value of all Unquoted Investments included in the Borrowing Base; provided, however, in no event shall more than 25% (or, if clause (ii) applies, 10%, or as near thereto as reasonably practicable) of the aggregate value of the Unquoted Investments in the Borrowing Base be tested by the Independent Valuation Provider in respect of any applicable Valuation Testing Date.

 

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(C)           With respect to any Portfolio Investment, if the value of such Portfolio Investment determined pursuant to Section 5.12(b)(ii) is not more than the lesser of (1) five (5) points more than the midpoint of the valuation range (expressed as a percent of par) provided by the Independent Valuation Provider (provided that the value of such Portfolio Investment is customarily quoted as a percentage of par) and (2) 110% of the midpoint of the valuation range provided by the Independent Valuation Provider , then the value for such Portfolio Investment determined in accordance with Section 5.12(b)(ii) shall be used as the “Value” for purposes of this Agreement. If the value of any Portfolio Investment determined pursuant to Section 5.12(b)(ii) is more than the lesser of the values set forth in clause (C)(1) and (2) (to the extent applicable), then for such Portfolio Investment, the “Value” for purposes of this Agreement shall be the lesser of (x) the highest value of the valuation range provided by the Independent Valuation Provider, (y) five (5) points more than the midpoint of the valuation range (expressed as a percent of par) provided by the Independent Valuation Provider (provided that the value of such Portfolio Investment is customarily quoted as a percentage of par) and (z) 110% of the midpoint of the valuation range provided by the Independent Valuation Provider. For the avoidance of doubt, any values determined by the Independent Valuation Provider pursuant to this Section 5.12(b)(iii) or Section 5.12(b)(iv) shall be used solely for purposes of determining the “Value” of a Portfolio Investment under this Agreement and shall not be deemed to be the fair value of such asset as required under ASC 820 and the Investment Company Act.

 

(iv)           Supplemental Testing of Values.

 

(A)           Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Administrative Agent, individually or at the request of the Required Lenders, shall at any time have the right to request, in its reasonable discretion, any Portfolio Investment included in the Borrowing Base with a value determined pursuant to Section 5.12(b)(ii) to be independently tested by the Independent Valuation Provider. There shall be no limit on the number of such tests that may be requested by the Administrative Agent in its reasonable discretion. If (x) the value determined pursuant to Section 5.12(b)(ii) is less than the value determined by the Independent Valuation Provider, then the value determined pursuant to Section 5.12(b)(ii) shall be used as the “Value” for purposes of this Agreement and (y) if the value determined pursuant to Section 5.12(b)(ii) is greater than the value determined by the Independent Valuation Provider and the difference between such values is: (1) less than 5% of the value determined pursuant to Section 5.12(b)(ii), then the value determined pursuant to Section 5.12(b)(ii) shall be used as the “Value” for purposes of this Agreement; (2) between 5% and 20% of the value determined pursuant to Section 5.12(b)(ii), then the “Value” of such Portfolio Investment for purposes of this Agreement shall be the average of the value determined pursuant to Section 5.12(b)(ii) and the value determined by such Independent Valuation Provider; and (3) greater than 20% of the value determined pursuant to Section 5.12(b)(ii), then the Borrower and the Administrative Agent shall retain an additional third-party appraiser and the “Value” of such Portfolio Investment for purposes of this Agreement shall be the average of the three valuations (with the Independent Valuation Provider’s value to be used as the “Value” until the third value is obtained).

 

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(B)           The Value of any Portfolio Investment for which the Independent Valuation Provider’s value is used shall be the midpoint of the range (if any) determined by the Independent Valuation Provider. The Independent Valuation Provider shall apply a recognized valuation methodology that is commonly accepted by the business development company industry for valuing Portfolio Investments of the type being valued and held by the Obligors.

 

(C)           All valuations shall be on a settlement date basis. For the avoidance of doubt, the Value of any Portfolio Investment determined in accordance with this Section 5.12 shall be the Value of such Portfolio Investment for purposes of this Agreement until a new Value for such Portfolio Investment is subsequently determined in good faith in accordance with this Section 5.12.

 

(D)           The documented out-of-pocket costs of any valuation reasonably incurred by the Administrative Agent under this Section 5.12 shall be at the expense of the Borrower.

 

(E)           In addition, the values determined by the Independent Valuation Provider shall be deemed to be “Information” hereunder and subject to Section 9.13 hereof.

 

(c)           Investment Company Diversification Requirements. The Borrower will, and will cause its Subsidiaries (other than Subsidiaries that are exempt from the Investment Company Act) at all times to (i) comply in all material respects with the portfolio diversification and similar requirements set forth in the Investment Company Act applicable to business development companies and (ii) subject to applicable grace periods set forth in the Code, comply with the portfolio diversification and similar requirements set forth in the Code applicable to RICs, where applicable.

 

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SECTION 5.13.         Calculation of Borrowing Base. For purposes of this Agreement, the “Borrowing Base” shall be determined, as at any date of determination, as the sum of the Advance Rates of the Value of each Portfolio Investment, provided that:

 

(a)           if, as of such date, the Relevant Asset Coverage Ratio is (i) greater than or equal to 2.00:1:00, the Advance Rate applicable to that portion of the aggregate Value of the Portfolio Investments of all issuers in a consolidated group of corporations or other entities in accordance with GAAP exceeding 6% of the aggregate Value of all Portfolio Investments in the Collateral Pool, shall be 50% of the otherwise applicable Advance Rate; (ii) less than 2.00:1:00 and greater than or equal to 1.75:1.00, the Advance Rate applicable to that portion of the aggregate Value of the Portfolio Investments of all issuers in a consolidated group of corporations or other entities in accordance with GAAP exceeding 5% of the aggregate Value of all Portfolio Investments in the Collateral Pool, shall be 50% of the otherwise applicable Advance Rate or (iii) less than 1.75:1:00, the Advance Rate applicable to that portion of the aggregate Value of the Portfolio Investments of all issuers in a consolidated group of corporations or other entities in accordance with GAAP exceeding 4% of the aggregate Value of all Portfolio Investments in the Collateral Pool, shall be 50% of the otherwise applicable Advance Rate;

 

(b)           if, as of such date, the Relevant Asset Coverage Ratio is (i) greater than or equal to 2.00:1:00, the Advance Rate applicable to that portion of the aggregate Value of the Portfolio Investments of all issuers in a consolidated group of corporations or other entities in accordance with GAAP exceeding 12% of the aggregate Value of all Portfolio Investments in the Collateral Pool shall be 0%; (ii) less than 2.00:1:00 and greater than or equal to 1.75:1.00, the Advance Rate applicable to that portion of the aggregate Value of the Portfolio Investments of all issuers in a consolidated group of corporations or other entities in accordance with GAAP exceeding 10% of the aggregate Value of all Portfolio Investments in the Collateral Pool shall be 0% or (iii) less than 1.75:1:00, the Advance Rate applicable to that portion of the aggregate Value of the Portfolio Investments of all issuers in a consolidated group of corporations or other entities in accordance with GAAP exceeding 8% of the aggregate Value of all Portfolio Investments in the Collateral Pool shall be 0%;

 

(c)           if, as of such date, the Relevant Asset Coverage Ratio is (i) greater than or equal to 2.00:1:00, the Advance Rate applicable to that portion of the aggregate Value of the Portfolio Investments in any single Industry Classification Group that exceeds 25% of the aggregate Value of all Portfolio Investments in the Collateral Pool shall be 0%, (ii) less than 2.00:1:00 and greater than or equal to 1.75:1.00, the Advance Rate applicable to that portion of the aggregate Value of the Portfolio Investments in any single Industry Classification Group that exceeds 20% of the aggregate Value of all Portfolio Investments in the Collateral Pool shall be 0%, provided that, with respect to Portfolio Investments in the Collateral Pool in a single Industry Classification Group from time to time designated by the Borrower to the Administrative Agent, such 20% figure shall be increased to 25%, or (iii) less than 1.75:1:00, the Advance Rate applicable to that portion of the aggregate Value of the Portfolio Investments in any single Industry Classification Group that exceeds 20% of the aggregate Value of all Portfolio Investments in the Collateral Pool shall be 0%;

 

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(d)           if, as of such date, the Relevant Asset Coverage Ratio is (i) greater than or equal to 2.00:1:00, the Advance Rate applicable to that portion of the aggregate Value of the Borrower’s investments in Non-Core Investments shall be 0% to the extent necessary so that no more than 20% of the Borrowing Base is attributable to such investments, (ii) less than 2.00:1:00 and greater than or equal to 1.75:1.00, the Advance Rate applicable to that portion of the aggregate Value of the Borrower’s investments in Non-Core Investments shall be 0% to the extent necessary so that no more than 10% of the Borrowing Base is attributable to such investments or (iii) less than 1.75:1:00, the Advance Rate applicable to that portion of the aggregate Value of the Borrower’s investments in Non-Core Investments shall be 0% to the extent necessary so that no more than 5% of the Borrowing Base is attributable to such investments;

 

(e)            if, as of such date, the Relevant Asset Coverage Ratio is (i) less than 2.00:1:00 and greater than or equal to 1.75:1.00, the Advance Rate applicable to that portion of the aggregate Value of the Borrower’s investments in Junior Investments and Non-Core Investments shall be 0% to the extent necessary so that no more than 30% of the Borrowing Base is attributable to such investments or (ii) less than 1.75:1:00, the Advance Rate applicable to that portion of the aggregate Value of the Borrower’s investments in Junior Investments and Non-Core Investments shall be 0% to the extent necessary so that no more than 20% of the Borrowing Base is attributable to such investments;

 

(f)            the Advance Rate applicable to the Borrower’s investments in any Excluded Asset shall be 0%; and

 

(g)           if, as of such date, (i)(A) the Borrowing Base (without giving effect to any adjustment required pursuant to this paragraph (h), the “Gross Borrowing Base”) is less than 1.5 times the Senior Debt Amount and (B) the Relevant Asset Coverage Ratio is less than 2.00:1:00 and greater than or equal to 1.75:1.00, then the Borrowing Base shall be reduced to the extent necessary such that the contribution of Senior Investments to the Borrowing Base may not be less than 60% of the Covered Debt Amount, (ii)(A) the Gross Borrowing Base is less than 1.5 times the Senior Debt Amount and (B) the Relevant Asset Coverage Ratio is less than 1.75:1.00, then the Borrowing Base shall be reduced to the extent necessary such that the contribution of Senior Investments to the Borrowing Base may not be less than 75% of the Covered Debt Amount or (iii)(A) the Gross Borrowing Base is greater than or equal to 1.5 times the Senior Debt Amount and (B) the Relevant Asset Coverage Ratio is less than 1.75:1.00, then the Borrowing Base shall be reduced to the extent necessary such that the contribution of Senior Investments to the Borrowing Base may not be less than 25% of the Covered Debt Amount.

 

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No Portfolio Investment may be included in the Borrowing Base until such time as such Portfolio Investment has been Delivered (as defined in the Guarantee and Security Agreement) to the Collateral Agent, and then only for so long as such Portfolio Investment continues to be Delivered as contemplated therein; provided that in the case of any Portfolio Investment in which the Collateral Agent has a first-priority perfected security interest pursuant to a valid Uniform Commercial Code filing (and for which no other method of perfection with a higher priority is possible), such Portfolio Investment may be included in the Borrowing Base so long as all remaining actions to complete “Delivery” are satisfied within 7 days of such inclusion. Voting stock of any Controlled Foreign Corporation in excess of 65% of the issued and outstanding voting stock of such Controlled Foreign Corporation shall not be included as a Portfolio Investment for purposes of calculating the Borrowing Base.

 

The Borrower shall from time to time deliver a Borrowing Base Certificate to the Administrative Agent and each Lender as provided in Sections 4.01(i), 5.01(d), 5.01(e) and 6.05(d).

 

For the avoidance of doubt, to avoid double-counting of excess concentrations, any Advance Rate reductions set forth under this Section 5.13 shall be without duplication of any other such Advance Rate reductions. For purposes of the categorization of each Portfolio Investment in accordance with this Section 5.13, the amount of any “first lien debt” or EBITDA with respect to any Portfolio Investment shall be determined using the most recent quarterly valuation determined in accordance with the Valuation Policy.

 

As used herein, the following terms have the following meanings:

 

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Advance Rate” means, as to any Portfolio Investment as of any date and subject to adjustment as provided in Section 5.13(a) through (g) and as provided below based on the Relevant Asset Coverage Ratio as of such date, the following percentages with respect to such Portfolio Investment:

 

  Relevant Asset
Coverage Ratio >
2.00:1:00
   2.00:1:00 >
Relevant Asset
Coverage Ratio >
1.75:1.00
   1.75:1:00 >
Relevant Asset
Coverage Ratio >
1.50:1.00
 
Portfolio Investment1  Quoted   Unquoted   Quoted   Unquoted   Quoted   Unquoted 
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Short-Term U.S. Government Securities   100%   n.a.    100%   n.a.    100%   n.a. 
Long-Term U.S. Government Securities   95%   n.a.    95%   n.a.    95%   n.a. 
Performing First Lien Bank Loans   85%   75%   85%   75%   85%   75%
Performing First Lien Unitranche Bank Loans   85%   75%   80%   70%   75%   65%
Performing First Lien Last Out Bank Loans   80%   70%   75%   65%   70%   60%
Performing Second Lien Bank Loans   75%   65%   70%   60%   65%   55%
Performing Cash Pay High Yield Securities   70%   60%   65%   55%   60%   50%
Performing Cash Pay Mezzanine Investments   65%   55%   60%   50%   55%   45%
Performing Non-Cash Pay High Yield Securities   60%   50%   55%   45%   50%   40%

 

 

1The above categories are intended to be indicative of the traditional investment types in a fully capitalized issuer. All determinations of whether a particular portfolio investment belongs to one category or another shall be made by the Borrower on a consistent basis with the foregoing.

 

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  Relevant Asset
Coverage Ratio >
2.00:1:00
   2.00:1:00 >
Relevant Asset
Coverage Ratio >
1.75:1.00
   1.75:1:00 >
Relevant Asset
Coverage Ratio >
1.50:1.00
 
Portfolio Investment1  Quoted   Unquoted   Quoted   Unquoted   Quoted   Unquoted 
Performing Non-Cash Pay Mezzanine Investments   55%   45%   50%   40%   45%   35%
Performing Preferred Equity   55%   45%   50%   40%   45%   35%
Non-Performing First Lien Bank Loans   45%   45%   40%   40%   35%   35%
Non-Performing First Lien Unitranche Bank Loans   45%   45%   40%   40%   35%   35%
Non-Performing First Lien Last Out Bank Loans   40%   35%   35%   30%   30%   25%
Non-Performing Second Lien Bank Loans   40%   30%   35%   25%   30%   20%
Non-Performing High Yield Securities   30%   30%   25%   25%   20%   20%
Non-Performing Mezzanine Investments   30%   25%   25%   20%   20%   20%
Performing Common Equity   30%   20%   25%   20%   20%   20%
Non-Performing Preferred Equity   0%   0%   0%   0%   0%   0%
Non-Performing Common Equity   0%   0%   0%   0%   0%   0%

 

Bank Loans” means debt obligations (including, without limitation, term loans, revolving loans, debtor-in-possession financings, the funded and unfunded portion of revolving credit lines and letter of credit facilities and other similar loans and investments including interim loans and senior subordinated loans) which are generally under a loan or credit facility.

 

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Cash” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 1.01 of this Agreement.

 

Cash Equivalents” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 1.01 of this Agreement.

 

Cash Pay Bank Loans” means First Lien Bank Loans, First Lien Unitranche Bank Loans, First Lien Last Out Bank Loans and Second Lien Bank Loans as to which, at the time of determination, all of the interest on which is payable not less frequently than quarterly and for which not less than 2/3rds of the interest (including accretions and “pay-in-kind” interest) for the current monthly or quarterly period (as applicable) is payable in cash.

 

CDO Securities” means debt securities, equity securities or composite or combination securities (i.e. securities consisting of a combination of debt and equity securities that are issued in effect as a unit), including synthetic securities that provide synthetic credit exposure to debt securities, equity securities or composite or combination securities, that entitle the holders thereof to receive payments that (i) depend on the cash flow from a portfolio consisting primarily of ownership interests in debt securities, corporate loans or asset-backed securities or (ii) are subject to losses owing to credit events (howsoever defined) under credit derivative transactions with respect to debt securities, corporate loans or asset-backed securities.

 

First Lien Bank Loan” means a Bank Loan that is entitled to the benefit of a first lien and first priority perfected security interest (subject to any Permitted Prior Working Capital Lien and other customary encumbrances) on a substantial portion of the assets of the respective borrower and guarantors obligated in respect thereof, provided that any First Lien Bank Loan that is also a First Lien Unitranche Bank Loan shall be treated for purposes of determining the applicable Advance Rate as a First Lien Unitranche Bank Loan; provided, further, that any First Lien Bank Loan that is also a First Lien Last Out Bank Loan shall be treated for purposes of determining the applicable Advance Rate as a First Lien Last Out Bank Loan.

 

First Lien Last Out Bank Loan” means a Bank Loan that is a First Lien Bank Loan, a portion of which is, in effect, subject to debt subordination and superpriority rights of other lenders following an event of default (such portion, a “last out” portion) provided, that the aggregate principal amount of the “last out” portion of such Bank Loan is at least 50% of the aggregate principal amount of any “first out” portion of such Bank Loan, provided, further that the underlying obligor with respect to such Bank Loan shall have a ratio of first lien debt (including the “first out” portion of such Bank Loan, but excluding the “last out” portion of such Bank Loan) to EBITDA that does not exceed 3.25:1.00 and a ratio of aggregate first lien debt (including both the “first out” portion and the “last out” portion of such Bank Loan) to EBITDA that does not exceed 5.25:1.00. An Obligor’s investment in the “last out” portion of a First Lien Last Out Bank Loan shall be treated as a First Lien Last Out Bank Loan for purposes of determining the applicable Advance Rate for such Portfolio Investment under this Agreement. For the avoidance of doubt, an Obligor’s investment in the portion of such Bank Loan that is not the last out portion (the “first out” portion) shall be treated as a First Lien Bank Loan for purposes of determining the applicable Advance Rate for such Portfolio Investment under this Agreement and an Obligor’s investment in any “last out” portion of a First Lien Bank Loan that does not meet the foregoing criteria shall be treated as a Second Lien Bank Loan.

 

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First Lien Unitranche Bank Loan” means a First Lien Bank Loan with a ratio of first lien debt to EBITDA that exceeds 5.25:1.00, and where the underlying borrower does not also have a Second Lien Bank Loan outstanding.

 

High Yield Securities” means debt Securities (a) issued by public or private issuers, (b) issued pursuant to an effective registration statement or pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act (or any successor provision thereunder) and (c) that are not Cash Equivalents, Mezzanine Investments or Bank Loans.

 

Junior Investments” means, collectively, Performing Cash Pay High Yield Securities and Performing Cash Pay Mezzanine Investments.

 

Long-Term U.S. Government Securities” means U.S. Government Securities maturing more than one month from the applicable date of determination.

 

Mezzanine Investments” means debt Securities (including convertible debt Securities (other than the “in-the-money” equity component thereof)) (a) issued by public or private issuers, (b) issued without registration under the Securities Act, (c) not issued pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act (or any successor provision thereunder), (d) that are not Cash Equivalents and (e) contractually subordinated in right of payment to other debt of the same issuer.

 

Non-Core Investments” means, collectively, Portfolio Investments in common equity, warrants, Non-Performing Bank Loans, Non-Performing High Yield Securities, Non-Performing Mezzanine Investments, Performing Non-Cash Pay High Yield Securities, Performing Preferred Equity, Performing Non-Cash Pay Mezzanine Investments and Performing Common Equity.

 

Non-Performing Bank Loans” means, collectively, Non-Performing First Lien Bank Loans, Non-Performing First Lien Last Out Bank Loans, Non-Performing First Lien Unitranche Loans and Non-Performing Second Lien Bank Loans.

 

Non-Performing Common Equity” means Capital Stock (other than Preferred Stock) and warrants of an issuer having any debt outstanding that is non-Performing.

 

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Non-Performing First Lien Bank Loans” means First Lien Bank Loans other than Performing First Lien Bank Loans.

 

Non-Performing First Lien Last Out Bank Loans” means First Lien Last Out Bank Loans other than Performing First Lien Last Out Bank Loans.

 

Non-Performing First Lien Unitranche Bank Loans” means First Lien Unitranche Bank Loans other than Performing First Lien Unitranche Loans.

 

Non-Performing High Yield Securities” means High Yield Securities other than Performing High Yield Securities.

 

Non-Performing Mezzanine Investments” means Mezzanine Investments other than Performing Mezzanine Investments.

 

Non-Performing Preferred Equity” means Preferred Stock other than Performing Preferred Equity.

 

Non-Performing Second Lien Bank Loans” means Second Lien Bank Loans other than Performing Second Lien Bank Loans.

 

Performing” means (a) with respect to any Portfolio Investment that is debt, the issuer of such Portfolio Investment is not in default of any payment obligations in respect thereof, after the expiration of any applicable grace period and (b) with respect to any Portfolio Investment that is Preferred Stock, the issuer of such Portfolio Investment has not failed to meet any scheduled redemption obligations or to pay its latest declared cash dividend, after the expiration of any applicable grace period.

 

Performing Cash Pay High Yield Securities” means High Yield Securities (a) as to which, at the time of determination, not less than 2/3rds of the interest (including accretions and “pay-in-kind” interest) for the current monthly, quarterly, semi-annual or annual period (as applicable) is payable in cash and (b) which are Performing.

 

Performing Cash Pay Mezzanine Investments” means Mezzanine Investments (a) as to which, at the time of determination, not less than 2/3rds of the interest (including accretions and “pay-in-kind” interest) for the current monthly, quarterly, semi-annual or annual period (as applicable) is payable in cash and (b) which are Performing.

 

Performing Common Equity” means Capital Stock (other than Preferred Stock) and warrants of an issuer all of whose outstanding debt is Performing.

 

Performing First Lien Bank Loans” means First Lien Bank Loans which are Cash Pay Bank Loans and are Performing.

 

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Performing First Lien Last Out Bank Loans” means First Lien Last Out Bank Loans which are Cash Pay Bank Loans and are Performing.

 

Performing First Lien Unitranche Bank Loans” means First Lien Unitranche Bank Loans which are Cash Pay Bank Loans and are Performing.

 

Performing Non-Cash Pay High Yield Securities” means Performing High Yield Securities other than Performing Cash Pay High Yield Securities.

 

Performing Non-Cash Pay Mezzanine Investments” means Performing Mezzanine Investments other than Performing Cash Pay Mezzanine Investments.

 

Performing Preferred Equity” means Preferred Stock of an issuer that has not failed to meet any scheduled redemption obligations or to pay its latest declared cash dividend, after the expiration of any applicable grace period.

 

Performing Second Lien Bank Loans” means Second Lien Bank Loans which are Cash Pay Bank Loans and are Performing.

 

Permitted Prior Working Capital Lien” means, with respect to any borrower under a Bank Loan, a security interest to secure a revolving facility for such borrower and any of its subsidiaries; provided that (i) such Bank Loan has a second priority lien on the collateral that is subject to the first priority lien of such revolving facility (or a pari passu lien on such collateral where the revolving facility has a super-priority right of payment), (ii) such revolving facility is not secured by any other assets (other than a pari passu lien or a second priority lien, subject to the first priority lien of the Bank Loan) and does not benefit from any standstill rights or other agreements (other than customary rights) with respect to any other assets and (iii) the maximum outstanding amount of such revolving facility is not greater than the lower of (a) 1.0x EBITDA of the borrower under such Bank Loan, and (b) 20% of the outstanding amount of the associated First Lien Bank Loan.

 

Preferred Stock,” as applied to the Capital Stock of any Person, means Capital Stock of such Person of any class or classes (however designated) that ranks prior, as to the payment of dividends or as to the distribution of assets upon any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of such Person, to any shares (or other interests) of other Capital Stock of such Person, and shall include, without limitation, cumulative preferred, non-cumulative preferred, participating preferred and convertible preferred Capital Stock.

 

Second Lien Bank Loan” means a Bank Loan that is entitled to the benefit of a second lien and second priority perfected security interest (subject to customary encumbrances) on a substantial portion of the assets of the respective borrower and guarantors obligated in respect thereof.

 

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Securities” means common and preferred stock, units and participations, beneficial interests in a trust, member interests in limited liability companies, partnership interests in partnerships, notes, bonds, debentures, trust receipts and other obligations, instruments or evidences of indebtedness, including debt instruments of public and private issuers and tax-exempt securities (including warrants, rights, put and call options and other options relating thereto, representing rights, or any combination thereof) and other property or interests commonly regarded as securities or any form of interest or participation therein, but not including Bank Loans.

 

Securities Act” means the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

 

Senior Debt Amount” means, on any date, the greater of (i) the Covered Debt Amount and (ii) the Combined Debt Amount.

 

Senior Investments” means Cash, Cash Equivalents, Short-Term U.S. Government Securities, Long-Term U.S. Government Securities, Performing First Lien Bank Loans, Performing First Lien Unitranche Loans, and Performing First Lien Last Out Bank Loans.

 

Short-Term U.S. Government Securities” means U.S. Government Securities maturing within one month of the applicable date of determination.

 

U.S. Government Securities” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 1.01 of this Agreement.

 

Value” means with respect to any Portfolio Investment, the most recent value as determined pursuant to Section 5.12.

 

SECTION 5.14.          Post-Closing Matters. To the extent not delivered as of the Effective Date, not later than sixty (60) days from the Effective Date (or such later date as may be agreed by the Administrative Agent in its sole discretion), the Borrower shall have executed and delivered (or caused to be executed and delivered) to the Administrative Agent a Custody Control Agreement (as defined in the Guarantee and Security Agreement) with respect to each of the Deposit Accounts and Securities Accounts (each as defined in the Guarantee and Security Agreement) maintained by the Borrower and the other Obligors on the Effective Date that are required to be delivered by the Guarantee and Security Agreement, accompanied with a favorable legal opinion from counsel to the Obligor’s in form and substance satisfactory to the Administrative Agent. All representations and warranties contained in this Agreement and the other Loan Documents shall be deemed modified (or waived on a limited basis) to the extent necessary to give effect to the foregoing (and to permit the taking of such actions within the time periods specified above), and, to the extent any provision of this Agreement or any other Loan Document would be violated or breached (or any non-compliance with any such provision would result in a Default or Event of Default hereunder) as a result of any such extended deadline, such provision shall be deemed modified (or waived on a limited basis) to the extent necessary to give effect to this Section 5.14.

 

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ARTICLE VI
NEGATIVE COVENANTS

 

Until the Commitments have expired or terminated and the principal of and interest on each Loan and all fees payable hereunder have been paid in full and all Letters of Credit have expired or terminated and all LC Disbursements shall have been reimbursed, the Borrower covenants and agrees with the Lenders that:

 

SECTION 6.01.      Indebtedness. The Borrower will not, nor will it permit any other Obligor to, create, incur, assume or permit to exist any Indebtedness, except:

 

(a)          Indebtedness created hereunder or under any other Loan Document;

 

(b)         Permitted Indebtedness and Special Longer Term Unsecured Indebtedness in an aggregate amount that, in each case, taken together with Indebtedness permitted under clauses (a), (g), (i), (j) and (l) of this Section 6.01 and immediately after giving effect to the incurrence of such Permitted Indebtedness or Special Longer Term Unsecured Indebtedness, as applicable, and any Concurrent Transaction (1) does not exceed the amount required to comply with the provisions of Section 6.07(b) and, (2) will not result in the Covered Debt Amount exceeding the Borrowing Base, so long as no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred or be continuing; provided, that for purposes of compliance with clause (2) hereof, only the portion of Special Longer Term Unsecured Indebtedness consisting of Excess Special Longer Term Unsecured Indebtedness shall be included in the calculation of the Covered Debt Amount in accordance with the definition thereof.

 

(c)         Other Permitted Indebtedness;

 

(d)         Indebtedness of the Borrower to or from any other Obligor or Indebtedness of an Obligor to or from another Obligor;

 

(e)          repurchase obligations arising in the ordinary course of business with respect to U.S. Government Securities;

 

(f)          obligations payable to clearing agencies, brokers or dealers in connection with the purchase or sale of securities in the ordinary course of business;

 

(g)         other Indebtedness (including the amortizing portion of any Other Secured Indebtedness in excess of 1% per annum described in clause (i) of the definition thereof) in an aggregate amount not exceeding the Additional Debt Amount at any one time outstanding and that, taken together with Indebtedness permitted under clauses (a), (b), (i), (j) and (l) of this Section 6.01 and in each case, after giving effect to any Concurrent Transaction, (1) does not exceed the amount required to comply with the provisions of Section 6.07(b) and (2) will not result in the Covered Debt Amount exceeding the Borrowing Base, so long as no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred or be continuing after giving effect to the incurrence of such other indebtedness;

 

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(h)          obligations (including Guarantees) in respect of Standard Securitization Undertakings;

 

(i)           at any time, Shorter Term Unsecured Indebtedness, so long as (i) no more than $500,000,000 of such indebtedness is incurred in reliance on this clause (i) of this Section 6.01 from the Effective Date until the first anniversary of the Effective Date, (ii) no more than $500,000,000 of such indebtedness is incurred in reliance of this clause (i) of this Section 6.01 in any one subsequent annual period thereafter, and (iii) such indebtedness, taken together with Indebtedness permitted under clauses (a), (b), (g), (j) and (l) of this Section 6.01 and after giving effect to any Concurrent Transaction (1) does not exceed the amount required to comply with the provisions of Section 6.07(b), and (2) will not result in the Covered Debt Amount exceeding the Borrowing Base, so long as no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred or be continuing after giving effect to the incurrence of such Shorter Term Unsecured Indebtedness;

 

(j)           at any time, Special Shorter Term Unsecured Indebtedness in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed (i) the greater of (a) $50,000,000 and (b) an amount equal to 5% of Shareholders’ Equity at any one time outstanding, that, in each case, taken together with Indebtedness permitted under clauses (a), (b), (g), (i) and (l) of this Section 6.01 and after giving effect to any Concurrent Transaction (1) does not exceed the amount required to comply with the provisions of Section 6.07(b) and, (2) will not result in the Covered Debt Amount exceeding the Borrowing Base, so long as no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred or be continuing after giving effect to the incurrence of such Special Shorter Term Unsecured Indebtedness;

 

(k)          Permitted SBIC Guarantees; and

 

(l)           at any time, additional Indebtedness in an aggregate amount not to exceed $50,000,000, that would otherwise be permitted to be incurred under clause (g) or (j) above, but is not permitted under either clause at the time of incurrence, so long as, immediately after giving effect to its incurrence and any Concurrent Transaction, (i) the aggregate principal amount of such Indebtedness, taken together with Indebtedness permitted under clauses (a), (b), (g), (i) and (j) of this Section 6.01, does not exceed the amount required to comply with the provisions of Section 6.07(b), (ii) no Borrowing Base Deficiency is continuing or would result therefrom and (iii) to the extent any such additional Indebtedness constitutes Designated Indebtedness, no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred or be continuing after giving effect to the incurrence of such Indebtedness.

 

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SECTION 6.02.     Liens. The Borrower will not, nor will it permit any other Obligor to, create, incur, assume or permit to exist any Lien on any property or asset now owned or hereafter acquired by it, or assign or sell any income or revenues (including accounts receivable) or rights in respect of any thereof (which, for the avoidance of doubt, shall not include participations in Investments to the extent that the portion of such Investment represented by such participation is not treated as a Portfolio Investment), except:

 

(a)          any Lien on any property or asset of the Borrower existing on the Effective Date and set forth in Part B of Schedule II, provided that (i) no such Lien shall extend to any other property or asset of the Borrower or any Subsidiary Guarantors and (ii) any such Lien shall secure only those obligations which it secures on the Effective Date and extensions, renewals and replacements thereof that do not increase the outstanding principal amount thereof;

 

(b)          Liens created pursuant to the Security Documents;

 

(c)          Liens on Special Equity Interests included in the Portfolio Investments but only to the extent securing obligations in the manner provided in the definition of “Special Equity Interests” in Section 1.01;

 

(d)          Liens securing Indebtedness or other obligations in an aggregate principal amount incurred pursuant to (i) Section 6.01(g) not exceeding the Additional Debt Amount at any one time outstanding or (ii) Section 6.01(l) not exceeding $50,000,000 at any one time outstanding (in each case, which may cover Portfolio Investments, but only to the extent released from the Lien in favor of the Collateral Agent in accordance with the requirements of Section 10.03 of the Guarantee and Security Agreement, or, if designated by the Borrower as Designated Indebtedness under the Guarantee and Security Agreement, may be secured on a pari passu basis by the Lien of the Security Documents), so long as at the time thereof and after giving effect to any Concurrent Transactions, the aggregate amount of Indebtedness outstanding under clauses (a), (b), (g), (i), (j) and (l) of Section 6.01 (1) does not exceed the amount required to comply with the provisions of Section 6.07(b) and (2) will not result in the Covered Debt Amount exceeding the Borrowing Base;

 

(e)          Liens on an Obligor’s direct ownership interests in Excluded Assets (“Excluded Asset Liens”) but only to the extent that at the time any such Lien is incurred, no more than 25% of the Value of all Obligors’ direct ownership interests in all Excluded Assets (calculated as of the most recently delivered financial statements) have become subject to an Excluded Asset Lien or have been transferred pursuant to Section 6.03(e);

 

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(f)          Permitted Liens; and

 

(g)         Liens on an Obligor’s Equity Interests in any SBIC Subsidiary created in favor of the SBA.

 

SECTION 6.03.      Fundamental Changes and Dispositions of Assets. The Borrower will not, nor will it permit any other Obligor to, enter into any transaction of merger or consolidation or amalgamation, or liquidate, wind up or dissolve itself (or suffer any liquidation or dissolution). The Borrower will not, nor will it permit any other Obligor to, acquire any business or property from, or Capital Stock of, or be a party to any acquisition of, any Person, except for purchases or acquisitions of Portfolio Investments and other assets in the normal course of the day-to-day business activities of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries and not in violation of the terms and conditions of this Agreement or any other Loan Document. The Borrower will not, nor will it permit any other Obligor to, convey, sell, lease, transfer or otherwise dispose of, in one transaction or a series of transactions, any part of its assets, whether now owned or hereafter acquired, but excluding (x) assets sold or disposed of in the ordinary course of business (including to make expenditures of cash in the normal course of the day-to-day business activities of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries) (other than the transfer of Portfolio Investments to Excluded Assets), (y) subject to the provisions of clause (d) below, Portfolio Investments (to the extent not otherwise included in clause (x) of this Section) and (z) subject to the provisions of clause (e) below, any Obligor’s ownership interest in any Excluded Asset.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section:

 

(a)          any Subsidiary Guarantor of the Borrower may be merged or consolidated with or into the Borrower or any other Subsidiary Guarantor; provided that if any such transaction shall be between a Subsidiary Guarantor and a wholly owned Subsidiary Guarantor, the wholly owned Subsidiary Guarantor shall be the continuing or surviving corporation;

 

(b)          any Obligor may sell, lease, transfer or otherwise dispose of any or all of its assets (upon voluntary liquidation or otherwise) to the Borrower or any wholly owned Subsidiary Guarantor of the Borrower;

 

(c)          the Capital Stock of any Subsidiary of the Borrower may be sold, transferred or otherwise disposed of (including by way of consolidation or merger) (i) to the Borrower or any wholly owned Subsidiary Guarantor of the Borrower or (ii) so long as such transaction results in an Obligor receiving the proceeds of such disposition, to any other Person, provided that in the case of this clause (ii) if such Subsidiary is a Subsidiary Guarantor or holds any Portfolio Investments, the Borrower would have been permitted to designated such Subsidiary as a “Designated Subsidiary” hereunder and would not have been prohibited from disposing of any such Portfolio Investments to such other Person under any other term of this Agreement;

 

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(d)          the Obligors may sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of Portfolio Investments (other than direct ownership interests in Excluded Assets) to an Excluded Asset so long as (i) after giving effect to such sale, transfer or disposition (and any Concurrent Transactions) the Covered Debt Amount does not exceed the Borrowing Base and (ii) either (x) the amount of any excess availability under the Borrowing Base immediately prior to such sale, transfer or disposition is not diminished as a result of such release or (y) the Adjusted Gross Borrowing Base immediately after giving effect to such sale, transfer or disposition is at least 110% of the Covered Debt Amount;

 

(e)          the Obligors may sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of direct ownership interests in any Excluded Asset to any Subsidiary that is not an Obligor, if after giving effect to such sale, transfer or other disposition and any Concurrent Transaction, no more than 25% of the Value of all Obligors’ direct ownership interests in all Excluded Assets (calculated as of the date of the most recently delivered financial statements on or prior to the date of such sale, transfer or other disposition) are subject to Excluded Asset Liens or have been sold, transferred or otherwise disposed of to a Subsidiary that is not an Obligor pursuant to this clause (e); provided that, notwithstanding that a transfer may violate such 25% limitation, such transfer shall nevertheless be permitted if it is required by law, rule, regulation or interpretive position of the Securities and Exchange Commission;

 

(f)           the Borrower may merge or consolidate with, or acquire all or substantially all of the assets of, any other Person so long as (i) the Borrower is the continuing or surviving entity in such transaction and (ii) at the time thereof and after giving effect thereto, no Default shall have occurred or be continuing;

 

(g)          the Borrower or the other Obligors may dissolve or liquidate (i) any Subsidiary that does not own, legally or beneficially, assets (including, without limitation, Portfolio Investments) which in aggregate have a value of $1,000,000 or more at such time of dissolution or liquidation or (ii) any SBIC Subsidiary, provided that no portion of any Indebtedness or any other obligations (contingent or otherwise) of such SBIC Subsidiary (a) is, or would as a result of dissolution or liquidation hereunder become, recourse to or obligate the Borrower or any other Obligor (other than any SBIC Subsidiary) in any way, or (b) subjects, or would as a result of dissolution or liquidation hereunder subject, any property of the Borrower or any other Obligor (other than any SBIC Subsidiary) to the satisfaction of such Indebtedness; and

 

(h)          the Borrower and the other Obligors may sell, lease, transfer or otherwise dispose of equipment or other property or assets that do not consist of Portfolio Investments so long as the aggregate amount of all such sales, leases, transfer and dispositions does not exceed $50,000,000 in any fiscal year;

 

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provided that in no event shall the Borrower enter into any transaction of merger or consolidation or amalgamation, or effect any internal reorganization, if the surviving entity would be organized under any jurisdiction other than a jurisdiction of the United States.

 

SECTION 6.04.      Investments. The Borrower will not, nor will it permit any other Obligor to, acquire, make or enter into, or hold, any Investments except:

 

(a)           operating deposit accounts with banks;

 

(b)          Investments by the Borrower and the Subsidiary Guarantors in the Borrower and the Subsidiary Guarantors;

 

(c)          Hedging Agreements entered into in the ordinary course of any Obligor’s financial planning and not for speculative purposes;

 

(d)          Portfolio Investments by the Borrower and its Subsidiaries (including investments in Excluded Assets) to the extent such Portfolio Investments are permitted under the Investment Company Act and the Borrower’s Investment Policies; provided that, if such Portfolio Investment is not included in the Collateral Pool, then (i) after giving effect to such Portfolio Investment (and any Concurrent Transactions), the Covered Debt Amount does not exceed the Borrowing Base and (ii) either (x) the amount of any excess availability under the Borrowing Base immediately prior to such Portfolio Investment is not diminished as a result of such Portfolio Investment or (y) the Adjusted Gross Borrowing Base immediately after giving effect to such Portfolio Investment is at least 110% of the Covered Debt Amount; and

 

(e)          additional Investments up to but not exceeding $50,000,000 in the aggregate at any time outstanding.

 

For purposes of clause (e) of this Section, the aggregate amount of an Investment at any time shall be deemed to be equal to (A) the aggregate amount of cash, together with the aggregate fair value of property, loaned, advanced, contributed, transferred or otherwise invested that gives rise to such Investment (calculated at the time such Investment is made) minus (B) the aggregate amount of dividends, distributions or other payments received in cash in respect of such Investment, provided that in no event shall the aggregate amount of such Investment be deemed to be less than zero; the amount of an Investment shall not in any event be reduced by reason of any write-off of such Investment nor increased by any increase in the amount of earnings retained in the Person in which such Investment is made that have not been dividended, distributed or otherwise paid out.

 

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SECTION 6.05.      Restricted Payments. The Borrower will not, nor will it permit any other Obligor to, declare or make, or agree to pay or make, directly or indirectly, any Restricted Payment, except that the Borrower may declare and pay:

 

(a)           dividends with respect to the Capital Stock of the Borrower to the extent payable in additional shares of the Borrower’s common shares;

 

(b)           dividends and distributions in either case in cash or other property (excluding for this purpose the Borrower’s common shares) in or with respect to any taxable year (or any calendar year, as relevant) of the Borrower in amounts not to exceed 110% (tested as of September 30 of each year) of the higher of (x) the net investment income of the Borrower for the applicable year determined in accordance with GAAP and as specified in the annual financial statements most recently delivered pursuant to Section 5.01(a) and (y) the amount that is estimated in good faith by the Borrower to be distributed to allow the Borrower to (i) maintain the Borrower’s eligibility to be taxed as a RIC for any such taxable year, (ii) reduce to zero for any such taxable year or for the previous taxable year, its investment company taxable income (within the meaning of Section 852(b)(2) of the Code (or any successor thereto)), and reduce to zero the tax imposed on its net capital gain pursuant to Section 852(b)(3) of the Code (or any successor thereto), and/or (iii) avoid federal excise taxes for such taxable year (or for the previous taxable year) imposed by Section 4982 of the Code (or any successor thereto);

 

(c)           dividends and distributions in each case in cash or other property (excluding for this purpose the Borrower’s common shares) in addition to the dividends and distributions permitted under the foregoing clauses (a) and (b), so long as on the date of such Restricted Payment and after giving effect thereto:

 

(i)           no Default shall have occurred and be continuing; and

 

(ii)          the aggregate amount of Restricted Payments made during any taxable year of the Borrower after the Effective Date under this clause (c) shall not exceed an amount equal to (x) 10% of the taxable income of the Borrower for such taxable year minus (y) the amount, if any, by which dividends and distributions made during such taxable year pursuant to the foregoing clause (b) (whether in respect of such taxable year or the previous taxable year) based upon the Borrower’s estimate of taxable income exceeded the actual amounts specified in subclauses (i) and (ii) of such foregoing clause (b) for such taxable year; and

 

(d)           other Restricted Payments so long as (i) on the date of such other Restricted Payment and after giving effect thereto and any Concurrent Transactions (x) no Borrowing Base Deficiency exists and the Covered Debt Amount does not exceed 90% of the Adjusted Gross Borrowing Base and (y) no Default shall have occurred and be continuing and (ii) on the date of such other Restricted Payment the Borrower delivers to the Administrative Agent and each Lender a Borrowing Base Certificate as at such date demonstrating compliance with subclause (x) after giving effect to such Restricted Payment. For purposes of preparing such Borrowing Base Certificate, (A) the Value of any Quoted Investment shall be the most recent quotation available for such Portfolio Investment and (B) the Value of any Unquoted Investment shall be the Value set forth in the Borrowing Base Certificate most recently delivered by the Borrower to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders pursuant to Section 5.01(d), provided that the Borrower shall reduce the Value of any Portfolio Investment referred to in this sub-clause (B) to the extent necessary to take into account any events of which the Borrower has knowledge that adversely affect the value of such Portfolio Investment.

 

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In calculating the amount of Restricted Payments made by the Borrower during any period referred to in paragraphs (b) or (c) above, any Restricted Payments made by Designated Subsidiaries or any other Excluded Asset that is a Subsidiary during such period (other than any such Restricted Payments that are made directly or indirectly to Obligors) shall be treated as Restricted Payments made by the Borrower during such period.

 

Nothing herein shall be deemed to prohibit the payment of Restricted Payments by any Subsidiary Guarantor of the Borrower to the Borrower or to any other Subsidiary Guarantor.

 

For the avoidance of doubt, the Borrower shall not declare any dividend to the extent such declaration violates the provisions of the Investment Company Act applicable to it.

 

SECTION 6.06.       Certain Restrictions on Subsidiaries. The Borrower will not permit any of its Subsidiaries (other than Excluded Assets) to enter into or suffer to exist any indenture, agreement, instrument or other arrangement (other than the Loan Documents or any indenture, agreement, instrument or other arrangement entered into in connection with Indebtedness permitted under Section 6.01 to the extent any such indenture, agreement, instrument or other arrangement does not prohibit or restrain, in each case in any material respect, or impose materially adverse conditions upon, the requirements applicable to the Subsidiaries under the Loan Documents) that prohibits or restrains, in each case in any material respect, or imposes materially adverse conditions upon, the incurrence or payment of Indebtedness, the granting of Liens, the declaration or payment of dividends, the making of loans, advances, guarantees or Investments or the sale, assignment, transfer or other disposition of property.

 

SECTION 6.07.       Certain Financial Covenants.

 

(a)           Minimum Shareholders’ Equity. The Borrower will not permit its Shareholders’ Equity at the last day of any fiscal quarter to be less than the greater of (i) $32,456,000 and (ii) an amount equal to the sum of (a) $32,456,000 plus (b) 65% of the net cash proceeds of the sale of Equity Interests of the Borrower after the Effective Date (other than proceeds of any distribution or dividend reinvestment plan) for each such sale that occurs at any time when Shareholders’ Equity is less than $750,000,000 plus (c) at any time when Shareholders’ Equity is greater than or equal to $750,000,000, (1) 25% of the net cash proceeds of the sale of Equity Interests of the Borrower after the Effective Date (other than proceeds of any distribution or dividend reinvestment plan) minus (2) 25% of the aggregate amount paid or distributed by the Borrower to purchase its shares of common shares in connection with tender offers after the Effective Date minus (3) 25% of the aggregate amount (summed for all quarters after the Effective Date) of equity interests (A) issued in any quarterly period and (B) redeemed, bought back or purchased (other than amounts of common shares purchased in connection with tender offers) by the Borrower in the same quarterly period; provided the amount determined pursuant to this clause (3) for any quarterly period shall not exceed the lesser of (x) the excess of the foregoing clause (1) minus the foregoing clause (2) for such quarterly period and (y) the excess of (A) all equity interests issued in such quarterly period minus (B) common shares purchased in tender offers in such quarterly period.

 

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(b)           Asset Coverage Ratio. The Borrower will not permit the Asset Coverage Ratio to be less than 1.50 to 1 at any time.

 

SECTION 6.08.       Transactions with Affiliates. The Borrower will not, and will not permit any other Obligors to enter into any transactions with any of its Affiliates, even if otherwise permitted under this Agreement, except (a) transactions in the ordinary course of business at prices and on terms and conditions not less favorable to the Borrower or such other Obligor than could be obtained on an arm’s-length basis from unrelated third parties, (b) transactions between or among the Borrower and any other Obligors not involving any other Affiliate, (c) Restricted Payments permitted by Section 6.05, (d) the transactions provided in the Affiliate Agreements, (e) transactions described or referenced on Schedule V, (f) any Investment that results in the creation of an Affiliate, (g) transactions between or among the Obligors and any SBIC Subsidiary at prices and on terms and conditions not less favorable to the Obligors than could be obtained at the time on an arm’s-length basis from unrelated third parties or (h) transactions approved by a majority of the independent members of the board of trustees of the Borrower.

 

SECTION 6.09.      Lines of Business. The Borrower will not, nor will it permit any of its Subsidiaries to, engage in any business in a manner that would violate its Investment Policies in any material respect.

 

SECTION 6.10.      No Further Negative Pledge. The Borrower will not, and will not permit any other Obligors to, enter into any agreement, instrument, deed or lease which prohibits or limits in any material respect the ability of any Obligor to create, incur, assume or suffer to exist any Lien upon any of its properties, assets or revenues, whether now owned or hereafter acquired, or which requires the grant of any security for an obligation if security is granted for another obligation, except the following: (a) this Agreement and the other Loan Documents; (b) covenants in documents creating Liens permitted by Section 6.02 prohibiting further Liens on the assets encumbered thereby; (c) customary restrictions contained in leases not subject to a waiver; (d) any agreement that imposes such restrictions only on Equity Interests in Excluded Assets; (e) [Reserved]; (f) the underlying governing agreements of any minority equity interest that impose such restrictions only on such equity interest; and (g) any other agreement that does not restrict in any manner (directly or indirectly) Liens created pursuant to the Loan Documents on any Collateral securing the Secured Obligations and does not require (other than pursuant to a grant of a Lien under the Loan Documents) the direct or indirect granting of any Lien securing any Indebtedness or other obligation by virtue of the granting of Liens on or pledge of property of any Obligor to secure the Loans, or any Hedging Agreement.

 

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SECTION 6.11.       Modifications of Certain Documents. The Borrower will not consent to any modification, supplement, or waiver of (a) any of the provisions of any agreement, instrument or other document evidencing or relating to any Permitted Indebtedness, Shorter Term Unsecured Indebtedness or Special Longer Term Unsecured Indebtedness that would result in such Permitted Indebtedness, Shorter Term Unsecured Indebtedness or Special Longer Term Unsecured Indebtedness, as applicable, not meeting the requirements of the definition of “Permitted Indebtedness”, “Shorter Term Unsecured Indebtedness” or “Special Longer Term Unsecured Indebtedness”, as applicable, set forth in Section 1.01 of this Agreement; provided, that the Borrower may consent to any such modification, supplement, or waiver if the Indebtedness subject to such modification, supplement, or waiver would still be permitted under Section 6.01 after giving effect to such modification, supplement, or waiver, or (b) any of the Affiliate Agreements or the Custodian Agreement, unless such modification, supplement or waiver is (i) not materially less favorable to the Borrower than could be obtained on an arm’s-length basis from unrelated third parties, in each case, without the prior consent of the Administrative Agent (with the approval of the Required Lenders) or (ii) such modification, supplement, or waiver of any Affiliate Agreement amends or otherwise supplements the Affiliate Agreements for the purpose of complying or conforming such Affiliate Agreements as necessary to satisfy any Omnibus Guidelines or the statutes, rules, regulations, or requests of any state securities regulator, or otherwise necessary for the Borrower to publicly offer Shares in any state as determined by the board of trustees of the Borrower in good faith, in each case for purposes of this clause (ii), so long as such modification, supplement, or waiver would not be materially adverse to the Lenders.

 

SECTION 6.12.       Payments of Other Indebtedness. The Borrower will not, nor will it permit any other Obligor to, purchase, redeem, retire or otherwise acquire for value, or set apart any money for a sinking, defeasance or other analogous fund for the purchase, redemption, retirement or other acquisition of, or make any voluntary payment or prepayment of the principal of or interest on, or any other amount owing in respect of, any Permitted Indebtedness, Shorter-Term Unsecured Indebtedness or Special Longer Term Unsecured Indebtedness or any Indebtedness that is not then included in the Covered Debt Amount (other than the refinancing of such Indebtedness with Indebtedness permitted under Section 6.01), except for:

 

(a)           regularly scheduled payments, prepayments or redemptions of principal and interest in respect thereof required pursuant to the instruments evidencing such Indebtedness;

 

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(b)           payments and prepayments thereof required to comply with requirements of Section 2.09(c);

 

(c)           [Reserved]; and

 

(d)           other payments and prepayments so long as at the time of and immediately after giving effect to such payment, (i) no Default shall have occurred and be continuing and (ii) if such payment were treated as a “Restricted Payment” for the purposes of determining compliance with Section 6.05(d), such payment would be permitted to be made under Section 6.05(d);

 

provided that, in the case of clauses (a) through (c) above, in no event shall any Obligor be permitted to prepay or settle (whether as a result of a mandatory redemption, conversion or otherwise) any such Indebtedness, if after giving effect thereto and any Concurrent Transaction, the Covered Debt Amount would exceed the Borrowing Base.

 

ARTICLE VII
EVENTS OF DEFAULT

 

SECTION 7.01.       Events of Default. If any of the following events (“Events of Default”) shall occur and be continuing:

 

(a)           the Borrower shall (i) fail to pay any principal of any Loan or any reimbursement obligation in respect of any LC Disbursement when and as the same shall become due and payable, whether at the due date thereof or at a date fixed for prepayment thereof or otherwise or (ii) fail to deposit any amount into the Letter of Credit Collateral Account as required by Section 2.08(a) on the Commitment Termination Date;

 

(b)           the Borrower shall fail to pay any interest on any Loan or any fee or any other amount (other than an amount referred to in clause (a) of this Article) payable under this Agreement or under any other Loan Document, when and as the same shall become due and payable, and such failure shall continue unremedied for a period of five or more Business Days;

 

(c)           any representation or warranty made (or deemed made pursuant to Section 4.02) by or on behalf of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries in or in connection with this Agreement or any other Loan Document or any amendment or modification hereof or thereof, or in any report, certificate, financial statement or other document furnished pursuant to or in connection with this Agreement or any other Loan Document or any amendment or modification hereof or thereof, shall prove to have been incorrect when made or deemed made in any material respect;

 

(d)           the Borrower shall fail to observe or perform any covenant, condition or agreement contained in (i) Section 5.03 (with respect to the Borrower’s existence) or Sections 5.08(a) and (b) or in Article VI or any Obligor shall default in the performance of any of its obligations contained in Section 7 of the Guarantee and Security Agreement or (ii) Sections 5.01(d) and (e) or 5.02 and such failure shall continue unremedied for a period of five or more days after notice thereof by the Administrative Agent (given at the request of any Lender) to the Borrower;

 

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(e)           a Borrowing Base Deficiency shall occur and continue unremedied for a period of five or more Business Days after delivery of a Borrowing Base Certificate demonstrating such Borrowing Base Deficiency pursuant to Section 5.01(e), provided that it shall not be an Event of Default hereunder if the Borrower shall present the Administrative Agent with a reasonably feasible plan to enable such Borrowing Base Deficiency to be cured within 30 Business Days (which 30-Business Day period shall include the five Business Days permitted for delivery of such plan), so long as such Borrowing Base Deficiency is cured within such 30-Business Day period; provided further, such 30-Business Day period shall be extended to a 45-Business Day period solely to the extent as provided in Section 2.09(c) in order to cure any failure to satisfy Section 5.13(g);

 

(f)           the Borrower or any Obligor, as applicable, shall fail to observe or perform any covenant, condition or agreement contained in this Agreement (other than those specified in clause (a), (b), (d) or (e) of this Article) or any other Loan Document and such failure shall continue unremedied for a period of 30 or more days after notice thereof from the Administrative Agent (given at the request of any Lender) to the Borrower;

 

(g)           the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries shall fail to make any payment (whether of principal or interest and regardless of amount) in respect of any Material Indebtedness, when and as the same shall become due and payable, taking into account (other than with respect to payments of principal) any applicable grace period;

 

(h)           any event or condition occurs that results in any Material Indebtedness becoming due prior to its scheduled maturity or that shall continue unremedied for any applicable period of time sufficient to enable or permit the holder or holders of any Material Indebtedness or any trustee or agent on its or their behalf to cause any Material Indebtedness to become due, or to require the prepayment, repurchase, redemption or defeasance thereof, prior to its scheduled maturity (for the avoidance of doubt, other than as permitted under Section 6.12 and that is not a result of a breach, default or other violation or failure in respect of such Material Indebtedness by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries and, after giving effect to any applicable grace period); provided that this clause (h) shall not apply to secured Indebtedness that becomes due as a result of the voluntary sale or transfer of the property or assets securing such Indebtedness;

 

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(i)           an involuntary proceeding shall be commenced or an involuntary petition shall be filed seeking (i) liquidation, reorganization or other relief in respect of the Borrower or any of its Significant Subsidiaries (or group of Subsidiaries that if consolidated would constitute a Significant Subsidiary) or its debts, or of a substantial part of its assets, under any Federal, state or foreign bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or similar law now or hereafter in effect or (ii) the appointment of a receiver, trustee, custodian, sequestrator, conservator or similar official for the Borrower or any of its Significant Subsidiaries (or group of Subsidiaries that if consolidated would constitute a Significant Subsidiary) or for a substantial part of its assets, and, in any such case, such proceeding or petition shall continue undismissed and unstayed for a period of 60 or more days or an order or decree approving or ordering any of the foregoing shall be entered;

 

(j)           the Borrower or any of its Significant Subsidiaries (or group of Subsidiaries that if consolidated would constitute a Significant Subsidiary) shall (i) voluntarily commence any proceeding or file any petition seeking liquidation, reorganization or other relief under any Federal, state or foreign bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or similar law now or hereafter in effect, (ii) consent to the institution of, or fail to contest in a timely and appropriate manner, any proceeding or petition described in clause (i) of this Article, (iii) apply for or consent to the appointment of a receiver, trustee, custodian, sequestrator, conservator or similar official for the Borrower or any of its Significant Subsidiaries (or group of Subsidiaries that if consolidated would constitute a Significant Subsidiary) or for a substantial part of its assets, (iv) file an answer admitting the material allegations of a petition filed against it in any such proceeding, (v) make a general assignment for the benefit of creditors or (vi) take any action for the purpose of effecting any of the foregoing;

 

(k)           the Borrower or any of its Significant Subsidiaries (or group of Subsidiaries that if consolidated would constitute a Significant Subsidiary) shall become unable, admit in writing its inability or fail generally to pay its debts as they become due;

 

(l)           one or more judgments for the payment of money in an aggregate amount in excess of $50,000,000 shall be rendered against the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries or any combination thereof and (i) the same shall remain undischarged for a period of 30 consecutive days following the entry of such judgment during which 30 day period such judgment shall not have been vacated, stayed, discharged or bonded pending appeal, or liability for such judgment amount shall not have been admitted by an insurer of reputable standing, or (ii) any action shall be legally taken by a judgment creditor to attach or levy upon any assets of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries to enforce any such judgment;

 

(m)          an ERISA Event shall have occurred that, when taken together with all other ERISA Events that have occurred, could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect;

 

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(n)           a Change in Control shall occur;

 

(o)           Ares Capital Management or any Affiliate of Ares Capital Management that is organized under the laws of a jurisdiction located in the United States of America and in the business of managing or advising clients shall cease to be the investment advisor for the Borrower;

 

(p)           the Liens created by the Security Documents shall, at any time with respect to Portfolio Investments included in the Collateral Pool having an aggregate Value in excess of 5% of the aggregate Value of all Portfolio Investments included in the Collateral Pool, not be valid and perfected (to the extent perfection by filing, registration, recordation, possession or control is required herein or therein) in favor of the Administrative Agent, free and clear of all other Liens (other than Liens permitted under Section 6.02 or under the respective Security Documents); provided that if such default is as a result of any action of the Administrative Agent or Collateral Agent or a failure of the Administrative Agent or Collateral Agent to take any action within its control, such default shall continue unremedied for a period of ten (10) consecutive Business Days after the Borrower receives written notice thereof from the Administrative Agent;

 

(q)           except for expiration or termination in accordance with its terms, any of the Security Documents shall for whatever reason be terminated or cease to be in full force and effect in any material respect, or the enforceability thereof shall be contested by the Borrower;

 

(r)            the Obligors shall at any time, without the consent of the Required Lenders, (i) modify, supplement or waive in any material respect the Investment Policies (other than any modification, supplement or waiver required by any applicable law, rule or regulation), provided that it shall not be deemed a modification in any material respect of the Investment Policies if the permitted investment size of the Portfolio Investments proportionately increases as the size of the Borrower’s capital base changes; (ii) modify, supplement or waive in any material respect the Valuation Policy or permit any such modification, supplement or waiver (in each case, other than any modification, supplement or waiver required under GAAP or required by any applicable law, rule or regulation), (iii) fail to comply with the Valuation Policy in any material respect, or (iv) fail to comply with the Investment Policies if the same could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, and in the case of sub-clauses (iii) and (iv) of this clause (r), such failure shall continue unremedied for a period of 30 or more days after the earlier of notice thereof by the Administrative Agent (given at the request of any Lender) to the Borrower or knowledge thereof by a Financial Officer.

 

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(s)           any Excluded Asset that is a Subsidiary shall either (i) make any dividend or other distribution (whether in cash, securities or other property) with respect to any shares of any class of Capital Stock of the Borrower, or any payment (whether in cash, securities or other property), including any sinking fund or similar deposit, on account of the purchase, redemption, retirement, acquisition, cancellation or termination of any such shares of Capital Stock of the Borrower or any option, warrant or other right to acquire any such shares of Capital Stock of the Borrower that, if such actions were undertaken by the Obligors, would not be permitted under Section 6.05 or (ii) purchase, redeem, retire or otherwise acquire for value, or set apart any money for a sinking, defeasance or other analogous fund for the purchase, redemption, retirement or other acquisition of, or make any voluntary payment or prepayment of the principal of or interest on, or any other amount owing in respect of, any Permitted Indebtedness that, if such actions were undertaken by the Obligors, would not be permitted under Section 6.12;

 

then, and in every such event (other than an event with respect to the Borrower described in clause (i) or (j) of this Article), and at any time thereafter during the continuance of such event, the Administrative Agent may, and at the request of the Required Lenders shall, by notice to the Borrower, take either or both of the following actions, at the same or different times: (i) terminate the Commitments, and thereupon the Commitments shall terminate immediately, and (ii) declare the Loans then outstanding to be due and payable in whole (or in part, in which case any principal not so declared to be due and payable may thereafter be declared to be due and payable), and thereupon the principal of the Loans so declared to be due and payable, together with accrued interest thereon and all fees and other obligations of the Borrower accrued hereunder, shall become due and payable immediately, without presentment, demand, protest or other notice of any kind, all of which are hereby waived by the Borrower; and in case of any event with respect to the Borrower described in clause (i) or (j) of this Article, the Commitments shall automatically terminate and the principal of the Loans then outstanding, together with accrued interest thereon and all fees and other obligations of the Borrower accrued hereunder, shall automatically become due and payable, without presentment, demand, protest or other notice of any kind, all of which are hereby waived by the Borrower.

 

In the event that the Loans shall be declared, or shall become, due and payable pursuant to the immediately preceding paragraph then, upon notice from the Administrative Agent or Lenders with LC Exposure representing more than 50% of the total LC Exposure of a Class demanding the deposit of cash collateral pursuant to this paragraph, the Borrower shall immediately deposit into the Letter of Credit Collateral Account cash in an amount equal to 102% of the LC Exposure as of such date plus any accrued and unpaid interest thereon; provided that the obligation to deposit such cash shall become effective immediately, and such deposit shall become immediately due and payable, without demand or other notice of any kind, upon the occurrence of any Event of Default with respect to the Borrower described in clause (i) or (j) of this Article.

 

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ARTICLE VIII
THE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT

 

Each of the Lenders and the Issuing Banks hereby irrevocably appoints the Administrative Agent as its agent hereunder and under the other Loan Documents and authorizes the Administrative Agent to take such actions on its behalf and to exercise such powers as are delegated to the Administrative Agent by the terms hereof or thereof, together with such actions and powers as are reasonably incidental thereto.

 

The Person serving as the Administrative Agent hereunder shall have the same rights and powers in its capacity as a Lender as any other Lender and may exercise the same as though it were not the Administrative Agent, and such Person and its Affiliates may accept deposits from, lend money to and generally engage in any kind of business with the Borrower or any Subsidiary or other Affiliate thereof as if it were not the Administrative Agent hereunder.

 

The Administrative Agent shall not have any duties or obligations except those expressly set forth herein and in the other Loan Documents. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, (a) the Administrative Agent shall not be subject to any fiduciary or other implied duties, regardless of whether a Default has occurred and is continuing, (b) the Administrative Agent shall not have any duty to take any discretionary action or exercise any discretionary powers, except discretionary rights and powers expressly contemplated hereby or by the other Loan Documents that the Administrative Agent is required to exercise in writing by the Required Lenders, and (c) except as expressly set forth herein and in the other Loan Documents, the Administrative Agent shall not have any duty to disclose, and shall not be liable for the failure to disclose, any information relating to the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries that is communicated to or obtained by the bank serving as Administrative Agent or any of its Affiliates in any capacity. The Administrative Agent shall not be liable for any action taken or not taken by it with the consent or at the request of the Required Lenders or in the absence of its own gross negligence or willful misconduct. The Administrative Agent shall be deemed not to have knowledge of any Default unless and until written notice thereof is given to the Administrative Agent by the Borrower or a Lender, and the Administrative Agent shall not be responsible for or have any duty to ascertain or inquire into (i) any statement, warranty or representation made in or in connection with this Agreement or any other Loan Document, (ii) the contents of any certificate, report or other document delivered hereunder or thereunder or in connection herewith or therewith, (iii) the performance or observance of any of the covenants, agreements or other terms or conditions set forth herein or therein, (iv) the validity, enforceability, effectiveness or genuineness of this Agreement, any other Loan Document or any other agreement, instrument or document, or (v) the satisfaction of any condition set forth in Article IV or elsewhere herein or therein, other than to confirm receipt of items expressly required to be delivered to the Administrative Agent.

 

The Administrative Agent shall be entitled to rely upon, and shall not incur any liability for relying upon, any notice, request, certificate, consent, statement, instrument, document or other writing (including any electronic message, Internet or intranet website posting or other distribution) believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or sent by the proper Person. The Administrative Agent also may rely upon any statement made to it orally or by telephone and believed by it to be made by the proper Person, and shall not incur any liability for relying thereon. The Administrative Agent may consult with legal counsel (who may be counsel for the Borrower), independent accountants and other experts selected by it, and shall not be liable for any action taken or not taken by it in accordance with the advice of any such counsel, accountants or experts.

 

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The Administrative Agent may perform any and all its duties and exercise its rights and powers by or through any one or more sub-agents appointed by the Administrative Agent. The Administrative Agent and any such sub-agent may perform any and all its duties and exercise its rights and powers through their respective Related Parties. The exculpatory provisions of the preceding paragraphs shall apply to any such sub-agent and to the Related Parties of the Administrative Agent and any such sub-agent, and shall apply to their respective activities in connection with the syndication of the credit facilities provided for herein as well as activities as Administrative Agent.

 

The Administrative Agent may resign at any time by notifying the Lenders, the Issuing Banks and the Borrower. Upon any such resignation, the Required Lenders shall have the right, with the consent of the Borrower not to be unreasonably withheld (or, if an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing in consultation with the Borrower), to appoint a successor. If no successor shall have been so appointed by the Required Lenders and shall have accepted such appointment within 30 days after the retiring Administrative Agent gives notice of its resignation, then the retiring Administrative Agent’s resignation shall nonetheless become effective except that in the case of any collateral security held by the Administrative Agent on behalf of the Lenders or the Issuing Banks under any of the Loan Documents, the retiring or removed Administrative Agent shall continue to hold such collateral security until such time as a successor Administrative Agent is appointed) and (1) the retiring Administrative Agent shall be discharged from its duties and obligations hereunder and (2) the Required Lenders shall perform the duties of the Administrative Agent (and all payments and communications provided to be made by, to or through the Administrative Agent shall instead be made by or to each Lender directly) until such time as the Required Lenders appoint a successor agent as provided for above in this paragraph. Upon the acceptance of its appointment as Administrative Agent hereunder by a successor, such successor shall succeed to and become vested with all the rights, powers, privileges and duties of the retiring (or retired) Administrative Agent and the retiring Administrative Agent shall be discharged from its duties and obligations hereunder (if not already discharged therefrom as provided above in this paragraph). The fees payable by the Borrower to a successor Administrative Agent shall be the same as those payable to its predecessor unless otherwise agreed between the Borrower and such successor. After the Administrative Agent’s resignation hereunder, the provisions of this Article and Section 9.03 shall continue in effect for its benefit in respect of any actions taken or omitted to be taken by it while it was acting as Administrative Agent.

 

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Each Lender acknowledges that it has, independently and without reliance upon the Administrative Agent or any other Lender and based on such documents and information as it has deemed appropriate, made its own credit analysis and decision to enter into this Agreement. Each Lender also acknowledges that it will, independently and without reliance upon the Administrative Agent or any other Lender and based on such documents and information as it shall from time to time deem appropriate, continue to make its own decisions in taking or not taking action under or based upon this Agreement, any other Loan Document or any related agreement or any document furnished hereunder or thereunder.

 

Except as otherwise provided in Section 9.02(b) with respect to this Agreement, the Administrative Agent may, with the prior consent of the Required Lenders (but not otherwise), consent to any modification, supplement or waiver under any of the Loan Documents, provided that, without the prior consent of each Lender and each Issuing Bank, the Administrative Agent shall not (except as provided herein or in the Security Documents) release all or substantially all of the Collateral or otherwise terminate all or substantially all of the Liens under any Security Document providing for collateral security, agree to additional obligations being secured by all or substantially all of such collateral security, alter the relative priorities of the obligations entitled to the benefits of the Liens created under the Security Documents with respect to all or substantially all of the Collateral, except that no such consent shall be required, and the Administrative Agent is hereby authorized, to release any Lien covering property that is the subject of either a disposition of property permitted hereunder or a disposition to which the Required Lenders have consented.

 

Each Lender and Issuing Bank hereby agrees that (x) if the Administrative Agent notifies such Lender or Issuing Bank that the Administrative Agent has determined in its sole discretion that any funds received by such Lender or Issuing Bank from the Administrative Agent or any of its Affiliates (whether as a payment, prepayment or repayment of principal, interest, fees or otherwise; individually and collectively, a “Payment”) were erroneously transmitted to such Lender or Issuing Bank (whether or not known to such Lender or Issuing Bank), and demands the return of such Payment (or a portion thereof), such Lender or Issuing Bank shall promptly, but in no event later than one Business Day thereafter, return to the Administrative Agent the amount of any such Payment (or portion thereof) as to which such a demand was made in same day funds, together with interest thereon in respect of each day from and including the date such Payment (or portion thereof) was received by such Lender or Issuing Bank to the date such amount is repaid to the Administrative Agent at the greater of the NYFRB Rate and a rate determined by the Administrative Agent in accordance with banking industry rules on interbank compensation from time to time in effect, and (y) to the extent permitted by applicable law, such Lender or Issuing Bank shall not assert, and hereby waives, as to the Administrative Agent, any claim, counterclaim, defense or right of set-off or recoupment with respect to any demand, claim or counterclaim by the Administrative Agent for the return of any Payments received, including without limitation any defense based on “discharge for value” or any similar doctrine. A notice of the Administrative Agent to any Lender or Issuing Bank pursuant to the foregoing shall be conclusive, absent manifest error.

 

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Each Lender and Issuing Bank hereby further agrees that if it receives a Payment from the Administrative Agent or any of its Affiliates (x) that is in a different amount than, or on a different date from, that specified in a notice of payment sent by the Administrative Agent (or any of its Affiliates) with respect to such Payment (a “Payment Notice”) or (y) that was not preceded or accompanied by a Payment Notice, it shall be on notice, in each such case, that an error has been made with respect to such Payment. Each Lender and Issuing Bank agrees that, in each such case, or if it otherwise becomes aware a Payment (or portion thereof) may have been sent in error, such Lender or Issuing Bank shall promptly notify the Administrative Agent of such occurrence and, upon demand from the Administrative Agent, it shall promptly, but in no event later than one Business Day thereafter, return to the Administrative Agent the amount of any such Payment (or portion thereof) as to which such a demand was made in same day funds, together with interest thereon in respect of each day from and including the date such Payment (or portion thereof) was received by such Lender or Issuing Bank to the date such amount is repaid to the Administrative Agent at the greater of the NYFRB Rate and a rate determined by the Administrative Agent in accordance with banking industry rules on interbank compensation from time to time in effect.

 

The Borrower and each other Obligor hereby agrees that (x) in the event an erroneous Payment (or portion thereof) are not recovered from any Lender or Issuing Bank that has received such Payment (or portion thereof) for any reason, the Administrative Agent shall be subrogated to all the rights of such Lender or Issuing Bank with respect to such amount and (y) an erroneous Payment shall not pay, prepay, repay, discharge or otherwise satisfy any obligations owed by the Borrower or any other Obligor, except, in each case, to the extent such Payment is, and solely with respect to the amount of such Payment that is, comprised of funds received by the Administrative Agent from the Borrower or any other Obligor for the purpose of making such Payment.

 

Each party’s obligations pursuant to the foregoing shall survive the resignation or replacement of the Administrative Agent or any transfer of rights or obligations by, or the replacement of, a Lender, an Issuing Bank, the termination of the Commitments or the repayment, satisfaction or discharge of all obligations under any Loan Document.

 

ARTICLE IX
MISCELLANEOUS

 

SECTION 9.01.      Notices; Electronic Communications

 

(a)            Notices Generally. Except in the case of notices and other communications expressly permitted to be given by telephone, all notices and other communications provided for herein shall be in writing and shall be delivered by hand or overnight courier service, mailed by certified or registered mail or sent by telecopy, as follows:

 

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(i)            if to the Borrower, to it at 245 Park Avenue, 44th Floor, New York, New York 10167, Attention of the Chief Financial Officer, and the General Counsel (Telecopy No. (212) 750-1777; Telephone No. (212) 710-2122); with a copy to Latham & Watkins LLP, 355 South Grand Avenue, Los Angeles, California 90071, Attention of Dominic K.L. Yoong, Esq. (Telephone No. (213) 485-1234);

 

(ii)            if to the Administrative Agent or JPMCB in its capacity as Swingline Lender of Dollar denominated Swingline Loans, to:

 

JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.

500 Stanton Christiana Rd.

NCC5 / 1st Floor

Newark, DE 19713

Attention: Loan & Agency Services Group

Phone No: +1-302-634-7061

Email: jeffrey.lenhard@chase.com

 

Agency Withholding Tax Inquiries:

Email: agency.tax.reporting@jpmorgan.com

 

Agency Compliance/Financials/Intralinks:

Email: covenant.compliance@jpmchase.com

With a copy to:

 

JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.

500 Stanton Christiana Rd., NCC5 / 1st Floor

Newark, DE 19713

Attention: Loan & Agency Services Group

Tel: (302) 542-6266

Fax: (302) 634-8459

Email: Christopher.draper@chase.com;

 

(iii)            if to JPMCB in its capacity as Swingline Lender of CAD, EUR, GBP or Yen denominated Swingline Loans, to:

 

JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.

500 Stanton Christiana Rd., NCC5 / 1st Floor

Newark, DE 19713

Email: european.loan.operations@jpmorgan.com

Attention: Latha and Hearnest

Telephone: +91 9740781623 and +91 9620834284

 

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Email: latha.maheshwari@jpmorgan.com and hearnest.mendez@chase.com

 

Escalation contact – 1st level

Attention: Karthik Krishnan

Telephone: +91 9986006767

Email: karthik.x.krishnan@jpmorgan.com

 

(iv)            if to the Collateral Agent, to

 

JPMorgan Chase & Co.

CIB DMO WLO

Mail code NY1-C413

4 CMC, Brooklyn, NY, 11245-0001

United States

Email: ib.collateral.services@jpmchase.com;

 

(v)            if to JPMCB in its capacity as Issuing Bank, to

 

JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.

10420 Highland Manor Dr. 4th Floor

Tampa, FL 33610

Attention: Standby LC Unit

Tel: 800-364-1969

Fax: 856-294-5267

Email: GTS.Client.Services@jpmchase.com

 

With a copy to:

 

JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.

500 Stanton Christiana Rd.

NCC5 / 1st Floor

Newark, DE 19713

Attention: Loan & Agency Services Group

Phone No: +1-302-634-7061

Email: jeffrey.lenhard@chase.com;

 

(vi)            if to any other Issuing Bank, to it at its address (or telecopy number) set forth in its Administrative Questionnaire; and

 

(vii)           if to any Lender, to it at its address (or telecopy number) set forth in its Administrative Questionnaire.

 

Any party hereto may change its address or telecopy number for notices and other communications hereunder by notice to the other parties hereto. All notices and other communications given to any party hereto in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement shall be deemed to have been given on the date of receipt. Notices delivered through electronic communications to the extent provided in paragraph (b) below, shall be effective as provided in said paragraph (b).

 

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(b)            Electronic Communications. Notices and other communications to the Lenders and the Issuing Banks hereunder may be delivered or furnished by electronic communication (including e-mail and Internet or intranet websites) pursuant to procedures approved by the Administrative Agent, provided that the foregoing shall not apply to notices to any Lender or any Issuing Bank pursuant to Section 2.05 if such Lender or such Issuing Bank, as applicable, has notified the Administrative Agent that it is incapable of receiving notices under such Article by electronic communication. The Administrative Agent or the Borrower may, in its discretion, agree to accept notices and other communications to it hereunder by electronic communications pursuant to procedures approved by it, provided that approval of such procedures may be limited to particular notices or communications. Unless otherwise notified by the Administrative Agent to the Borrower, the Borrower may satisfy its obligation to deliver documents or notices to the Administrative Agent or the Lenders under Sections 5.01 and 5.12(a) by delivering an electronic copy to: joseph.m.burke@jpmorgan.com and lauren.mayer@jpmorgan.com (or such other e-mail address as provided to the Borrower in a notice from the Administrative Agent) (and the Administrative Agent shall promptly provide notice thereof to the Lenders).

 

Unless the Administrative Agent otherwise prescribes, (i) notices and other communications sent to an e-mail address shall be deemed received upon the sender’s receipt of an acknowledgement from the intended recipient (such as by the “return receipt requested” function, as available, return e-mail or other written acknowledgement), provided that if such notice or other communication is not sent during the normal business hours of the recipient, such notice or communication shall be deemed to have been sent at the opening of business on the next business day for the recipient, and (ii) notices or communications posted to an Internet or intranet website shall be deemed received upon the deemed receipt by the intended recipient at its e-mail address as described in the foregoing clause (i) of notification that such notice or communication is available and identifying the website address therefor.

 

In no event shall the Administrative Agent or any Lender have any liability to the Borrower or any other Person for damages of any kind (whether in tort contract or otherwise) arising out of any transmission of communications through the internet, except in the case of direct damages, to the extent such damages are determined by a court of competent jurisdiction by final and nonappealable judgment to have resulted from the fraud, willful misconduct or gross negligence of such relevant Person.

 

(c)            Documents to be Delivered under Sections 5.01 and 5.12(a). For so long as an Intralinks™ or equivalent website is available to each of the Lenders hereunder, the Borrower may satisfy its obligation to deliver documents to the Administrative Agent or the Lenders under Sections 5.01 and 5.12(a) by delivering either an electronic copy to: joseph.m.burke@jpmorgan.com and lauren.mayer@jpmorgan.com (as provided in clause (b) above) or a notice identifying the website where such information is located for posting by the Administrative Agent on Intralinks™ or such equivalent website, provided that the Administrative Agent shall have no responsibility to maintain access to Intralinks™ or an equivalent website.

 

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SECTION 9.02.      Waivers; Amendments.

 

(a)            No Deemed Waivers; Remedies Cumulative. No failure or delay by the Administrative Agent, any Issuing Bank or any Lender in exercising any right or power hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof, nor shall any single or partial exercise of any such right or power, or any abandonment or discontinuance of steps to enforce such a right or power, preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right or power. The rights and remedies of the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Banks and the Lenders hereunder are cumulative and are not exclusive of any rights or remedies that they would otherwise have. No waiver of any provision of this Agreement or consent to any departure by the Borrower therefrom shall in any event be effective unless the same shall be permitted by paragraph (b) of this Section, and then such waiver or consent shall be effective only in the specific instance and for the purpose for which given. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the making of a Loan or issuance of a Letter of Credit shall not be construed as a waiver of any Default, regardless of whether the Administrative Agent, any Lender or any Issuing Bank may have had notice or knowledge of such Default at the time.

 

(b)            Amendments to this Agreement. Neither this Agreement nor any provision hereof may be waived, amended or modified except pursuant to an agreement or agreements in writing entered into by the Borrower and the Required Lenders or by the Borrower and the Administrative Agent with the consent of the Required Lenders; provided that no such agreement shall

 

(i)             increase the Commitment of any Lender without the written consent of such Lender,

 

(ii)            reduce the principal amount of any Loan or LC Disbursement or reduce the rate of interest thereon, or reduce any fees payable hereunder, without the written consent of each Lender affected thereby,

 

(iii)           postpone the scheduled date of payment of the principal amount of any Loan or LC Disbursement, or any interest thereon, or any fees payable hereunder, or reduce the amount of, waive or excuse any such payment, or postpone the scheduled date of expiration of any Commitment, without the written consent of each Lender affected thereby,

 

(iv)           change Section 2.16(b), (c) or (d) in a manner that would alter the pro rata sharing of payments required thereby without the written consent of each Lender affected thereby, or

 

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(v)            change any of the provisions of this Section or the definition of the term “Required Lenders” or any other provision hereof specifying the number or percentage of Lenders required to waive, amend or modify any rights hereunder or make any determination or grant any consent hereunder, without the written consent of each Lender;

 

provided further that (x) no such agreement shall amend, modify or otherwise affect the rights or duties of the Administrative Agent, any Issuing Bank hereunder without the prior written consent of the Administrative Agent, such Issuing Bank, as the case may be and (y) the consent of Lenders holding not less than two-thirds of the Revolving Credit Exposure and unused Commitments will be required (A) for any adverse change affecting the provisions of this Agreement relating to the calculation of the Borrowing Base (excluding changes to the provisions of Section 5.12(b)(iii) or (iv), but including changes to the provisions of Section 5.12(c)(ii) and the definitions set forth in Section 5.13) unless otherwise expressly provided herein and (B) for any release of Collateral other than for fair value or as otherwise permitted hereunder or under the other Loan Documents.

 

For purposes of this Section, the “scheduled date of payment” of any amount shall refer to the date of payment of such amount specified in this Agreement, and shall not refer to a date or other event specified for the mandatory or optional prepayment of such amount. In addition, whenever a waiver, amendment or modification requires the consent of a Lender “affected” thereby, such waiver, amendment or modification shall, upon consent of such Lender, become effective as to such Lender whether or not it becomes effective as to any other Lender, so long as the Required Lenders consent to such waiver, amendment or modification as provided above.

 

Anything in this Agreement to the contrary notwithstanding (x) no waiver or modification of any provision of this Agreement or any other Loan Document that could reasonably be expected to adversely affect the Lenders of any Class in a manner that does not affect all Classes equally shall be effective against the Lenders of such Class unless the Required Lenders of such Class shall have concurred with such waiver, amendment or modification as provided above; provided, however, for the avoidance of doubt, in no other circumstances shall the concurrence of the Required Lenders of a particular Class be required for any waiver, amendment or modification of any provision of this Agreement or any other Loan Document and (y) the Required Lenders may waive any condition precedent to an extension of credit under the Commitments (which, for the avoidance of doubt, shall not constitute a waiver of any ongoing or resulting Default or Event of Default).

 

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(c)            Amendments to Security Documents. No Security Document nor any provision thereof may be waived, amended or modified, nor may the Liens thereof be spread to secure any additional obligations (excluding any increase in the Loans and Letters of Credit hereunder pursuant to a Commitment Increase under Section 2.07(e)) except pursuant to an agreement or agreements in writing entered into by the Borrower, and by the Administrative Agent with the consent of the Required Lenders; provided that, (i) without the written consent of each Lender and each Issuing Bank, no such agreement shall release all or substantially all of the Obligors from their respective obligations under the Security Documents and (ii) without the written consent of each Lender and each Issuing Bank, no such agreement shall release all or substantially all of the collateral security or otherwise terminate all or substantially all of the Liens under the Security Documents, alter the relative priorities of the obligations entitled to the Liens created under the Security Documents (except in connection with securing additional obligations equally and ratably with the Loans and other obligations hereunder) with respect to all or substantially all of the collateral security provided thereby, or release all or substantially all of the guarantors under the Guarantee and Security Agreement from their guarantee obligations thereunder, except that no such consent shall be required, and the Administrative Agent is hereby authorized (and so agrees with the Borrower) to direct the Collateral Agent under the Guarantee and Security Agreement to, and in addition to the rights of such parties under the Guarantee and Security Agreement, the Administrative Agent and the Collateral Agent under the Guarantee and Security Agreement may, (1) release any Lien covering property (and to release any such guarantor) that is the subject of either a disposition of property permitted hereunder or a disposition to which the Required Lenders have consented and (2) release from the Guarantee and Security Agreement any “Subsidiary Guarantor” (and any property of such Subsidiary Guarantor) that is designated as a “Designated Subsidiary” or becomes an Excluded Asset in accordance with this Agreement or which ceases to be consolidated on the Borrower’s financial statements and is no longer required to be a “Subsidiary Guarantor”, so long as (A) after giving effect to any such release under this clause (2) (and any concurrent acquisitions of Portfolio Investments or payment of outstanding Loans) the Covered Debt Amount does not exceed the Borrowing Base and the Borrower delivers a certificate of a Financial Officer to such effect to the Administrative Agent, (B) either (I) the amount of any excess availability under the Borrowing Base immediately prior to such release is not diminished as a result of such release or (II) the Adjusted Gross Borrowing Base immediately after giving effect to such release is at least 110% of the Covered Debt Amount and (C) no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing.

 

(d)            Replacement of Non-Consenting Lender. If, in connection with any proposed change, waiver, discharge or termination to any of the provisions of this Agreement as contemplated by this Section 9.02, the consent of one or more Lenders whose consent is required for such proposed change, waiver, discharge or termination is not obtained, then (so long as no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing) the Borrower shall have the right, at its sole cost and expense, to replace each such non-consenting Lender or Lenders with one or more replacement Lenders pursuant to Section 2.18(b) so long as at the time of such replacement, each such replacement Lender consents to the proposed change, waiver, discharge or termination.

 

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SECTION 9.03.      Expenses; Indemnity; Damage Waiver.

 

(a)            Costs and Expenses. The Borrower shall pay (i) all reasonable and documented out-of-pocket expenses incurred by the Administrative Agent and its Affiliates, including the reasonable fees, charges and disbursements of counsel for the Administrative Agent, in connection with the syndication of the credit facilities provided for herein (as amended and restated hereby), the preparation and administration of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents or any amendments, modifications or waivers of the provisions hereof or thereof (whether or not the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby shall be consummated), subject to any limitation previously agreed in writing, (ii) all reasonable and documented out-of-pocket expenses incurred by any Issuing Bank in connection with the issuance, amendment, renewal or extension of any Letter of Credit or any demand for payment thereunder, (iii) all documented out-of-pocket expenses incurred by the Administrative Agent, any Issuing Bank or any Lender, including the fees, charges and disbursements of any counsel for the Administrative Agent, any Issuing Bank or any Lender, in connection with the enforcement or protection of its rights in connection with this Agreement and the other Loan Documents, including its rights under this Section, or in connection with the Loans made or Letters of Credit issued hereunder, including all such out-of-pocket expenses incurred during any workout, restructuring or negotiations in respect thereof and (iv) and all costs, expenses, taxes, assessments and other charges incurred in connection with any filing, registration, recording or perfection of any security interest contemplated by any Security Document or any other document referred to therein.

 

(b)            Indemnification by the Borrower. The Borrower shall indemnify the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Banks, the Collateral Agent, the Lead Arrangers and each Lender, and each Related Party of any of the foregoing Persons (each such Person being called an “Indemnitee”) against, and hold each Indemnitee harmless from, any and all losses, claims, damages, liabilities, including environmental liabilities, and related expenses (other than Taxes or Other Taxes which shall only be indemnified by the Borrower to the extent provided in Section 2.15), including the fees, charges and disbursements of any counsel for any Indemnitee, incurred by or asserted against any Indemnitee arising out of, in connection with, or as a result of (i) the execution or delivery of this Agreement or any agreement or instrument contemplated hereby, (ii) the performance by the parties hereto of their respective obligations hereunder or the consummation of the Transactions or any other transactions contemplated hereby, (iii) any action taken in connection with this Agreement, including, but not limited to, the payment of principal and interest and fees, (iv) any Loan or Letter of Credit or the use of the proceeds therefrom (including any refusal by the Issuing Banks to honor a demand for payment under a Letter of Credit if the documents presented in connection with such demand do not strictly comply with the terms of such Letter of Credit) or (v) any actual or prospective claim, litigation, investigation or proceeding relating to any of the foregoing, whether based on contract, tort or any other theory and regardless of whether any Indemnitee is a party thereto; provided that such indemnity shall not, as to any Indemnitee, be available to the extent that such losses, claims, damages, liabilities or related expenses are determined by a court of competent jurisdiction by final and nonappealable judgment to have resulted from (i) the fraud, willful misconduct or gross negligence of such Indemnitee, or (ii) a claim brought against such Indemnitee for breach in bad faith of such Indemnitee’s obligations under this Agreement or the other Loan Documents, if there has been a final and nonappealable judgment against such Indemnitee on such claim as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction.

 

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The Borrower shall not be liable to any Indemnitee for any special, indirect, consequential or punitive damages arising out of, in connection with, or as a result of the Transactions asserted by an Indemnitee against the Borrower or any other Obligor, provided that the foregoing limitation shall not be deemed to impair or affect the Secured Obligations of the Borrower under the preceding provisions of this subsection.

 

(c)            Reimbursement by Lenders. To the extent that the Borrower fails to pay any amount required to be paid by it to the Administrative Agent, any Issuing Bank under paragraph (a) or (b) of this Section, each Lender severally agrees to pay to the Administrative Agent and such Issuing Bank, as the case may be, such Lender’s Applicable Percentage (determined as of the time that the applicable unreimbursed expense or indemnity payment is sought) of such unpaid amount; provided that the unreimbursed expense or indemnified loss, claim, damage, liability or related expense, as the case may be, was incurred by or asserted against the Administrative Agent or such Issuing Bank in its capacity as such.

 

(d)            Waiver of Consequential Damages, Etc. To the extent permitted by applicable law, the Borrower shall not assert, and hereby waives, any claim against the Administrative Agent, each Issuing Bank, the Lead Arrangers and each Lender, and each Related Party of any of the foregoing Persons on any theory of liability, for special, indirect, consequential or punitive damages (as opposed to direct or actual damages) arising out of, in connection with, or as a result of, this Agreement or any agreement or instrument contemplated hereby, the Transactions, any Loan or Letter of Credit or the use of the proceeds thereof.

 

(e)            Payments. All amounts due under this Section shall be payable promptly after written demand therefor.

 

SECTION 9.04.      Successors and Assigns.

 

(a)            Assignments Generally. The provisions of this Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and assigns permitted hereby (including any Affiliate of any Issuing Bank that issues any Letter of Credit), except that (i) the Borrower may not assign or otherwise transfer any of its rights or obligations hereunder without the prior written consent of each Lender (and any attempted assignment or transfer by the Borrower without such consent shall be null and void) and (ii) no Lender may assign or otherwise transfer its rights or obligations hereunder except in accordance with this Section. Nothing in this Agreement, expressed or implied, shall be construed to confer upon any Person (other than the parties hereto, their respective successors and assigns permitted hereby (including any Affiliate of any Issuing Bank that issues any Letter of Credit) and, to the extent expressly contemplated hereby, the Related Parties of each of the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Banks and the Lenders) any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under or by reason of this Agreement.

 

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(b)            Assignments by Lenders.

 

(i)             Assignments Generally. Subject to the conditions set forth in clause (ii) below, any Lender may assign to one or more assignees all or a portion of its rights and obligations under this Agreement (including all or a portion of its Commitment and the Loans and LC Exposure at the time owing to it) with the prior written consent (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed) of:

 

(A)            the Borrower, provided that no consent of the Borrower shall be required for an assignment to a Lender, an Affiliate of a Lender, or, if an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing (except that so long as no Event of Default under clause (a), (b), (i), (j), or (k) of Article VII is continuing, the Borrower shall have a consent right over any assignment to a “direct competitor” of the Borrower identified to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders prior to the Effective Date and as may thereafter be agreed between the Borrower and the Administrative Agent acting reasonably), any other assignee; provided further, that the Borrower shall be deemed to have consented to any such assignment unless it shall object thereto by written notice to the Administrative Agent within ten (10) Business Days after having received written notice thereof; and

 

(B)            the Administrative Agent and, in the case of an assignment of Multicurrency Commitments, the Issuing Banks.

 

(ii)            Certain Conditions to Assignments. Assignments shall be subject to the following additional conditions:

 

(A)            except in the case of an assignment to a Lender or an Affiliate of a Lender or an assignment of the entire remaining amount of the assigning Lender’s Commitment or Loans and LC Exposure of a Class, the amount of the Commitment or Loans and LC Exposure of such Class of the assigning Lender subject to each such assignment (determined as of the date the Assignment and Assumption with respect to such assignment is delivered to the Administrative Agent) shall not be less than U.S. $5,000,000 unless each of the Borrower and the Administrative Agent otherwise consent, provided that no such consent of the Borrower shall be required if an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing;

 

(B)            each partial assignment of any Class of Commitments or Loans and LC Exposure shall be made as an assignment of a proportionate part of all the assigning Lender’s rights and obligations under this Agreement in respect of such Class of Commitments, Loans and LC Exposure;

 

(C)            the parties to each assignment shall execute and deliver to the Administrative Agent an Assignment and Assumption in substantially the form of Exhibit A hereto, together with a processing and recordation fee of U.S. $3,500 (which fee shall not be payable in connection with an assignment to a Lender or to an Affiliate of a Lender) (for which the Borrower and the other Obligors shall not be obligated); and

 

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(D)           the assignee, if it shall not already be a Lender of the applicable Class, shall deliver to the Administrative Agent an Administrative Questionnaire.

 

(iii)           Effectiveness of Assignments. Subject to acceptance and recording thereof pursuant to paragraph (c) of this Section, from and after the effective date specified in each Assignment and Assumption the assignee thereunder shall be a party hereto and, to the extent of the interest assigned by such Assignment and Assumption, have the rights and obligations of a Lender under this Agreement, and the assigning Lender thereunder shall, to the extent of the interest assigned by such Assignment and Assumption, be released from its obligations under this Agreement (and, in the case of an Assignment and Assumption covering all of the assigning Lender’s rights and obligations under this Agreement, such Lender shall cease to be a party hereto but shall continue to be entitled to the benefits of Sections 2.13, 2.14, 2.15 and 9.03 with respect to facts and circumstances occurring prior to the effective date of such assignment). Any assignment or transfer by a Lender of rights or obligations under this Agreement that does not comply with this Section 9.04 shall be treated for purposes of this Agreement as a sale by such Lender of a participation in such rights and obligations in accordance with paragraph (e) of this Section.

 

(c)            Maintenance of Registers by Administrative Agent. The Administrative Agent, acting for this purpose as an agent of the Borrower, shall maintain at one of its offices in New York City a copy of each Assignment and Assumption delivered to it and a register for the recordation of the names and addresses of the Lenders, and the Commitments of, and principal amount of the Loans and LC Disbursements owing to, each Lender pursuant to the terms hereof from time to time (the “Registers” and each individually, a “Register”). The entries in the Registers shall be conclusive absent manifest error, and the Borrower, the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Banks and the Lenders may treat each Person whose name is recorded in the Registers pursuant to the terms hereof as a Lender hereunder for all purposes of this Agreement, notwithstanding notice to the contrary. The Registers shall be available for inspection by the Borrower, any Issuing Bank and any Lender, at any reasonable time and from time to time upon reasonable prior notice.

 

(d)            Acceptance of Assignments by Administrative Agent. Upon its receipt of a duly completed Assignment and Assumption executed by an assigning Lender and an assignee, the assignee’s completed Administrative Questionnaire (unless the assignee shall already be a Lender hereunder), the processing and recordation fee referred to in paragraph (b) of this Section and any written consent to such assignment required by paragraph (b) of this Section, the Administrative Agent shall accept such Assignment and Assumption and record the information contained therein in the Register. No assignment shall be effective for purposes of this Agreement unless it has been recorded in the Register as provided in this paragraph.

 

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(e)            Participations. Any Lender may, with the consent of the Borrower (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed), sell participations to one or more banks or other entities (a “Participant”) in all or a portion of such Lender’s rights and obligations under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents (including all or a portion of its Commitments and the Loans and LC Disbursements owing to it); provided that (i) such Lender’s obligations under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents shall remain unchanged, (ii) such Lender shall remain solely responsible to the other parties hereto for the performance of such obligations, (iii) the Borrower, the Administrative Agent, the Issuing Banks and the other Lenders shall continue to deal solely and directly with such Lender in connection with such Lender’s rights and obligations under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents and (iv) no consent of the Borrower shall be required for a participation to a Lender, an Affiliate of a Lender, or, if an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing (except that so long as no Event of Default under clause (a), (b), (i), (j), or (k) of Article VII is continuing, the Borrower shall have a consent right over any participation to a “direct competitor” of the Borrower identified to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders prior to the Effective Date and as may thereafter be agreed between the Borrower and the Administrative Agent acting reasonably). Any agreement or instrument pursuant to which a Lender sells such a participation shall provide that such Lender shall retain the sole right to enforce this Agreement and the other Loan Documents and to approve any amendment, modification or waiver of any provision of this Agreement or any other Loan Document; provided that such agreement or instrument may provide that such Lender will not, without the consent of the Participant, agree to any amendment, modification or waiver described in the first proviso to Section 9.02(b) that affects such Participant. Subject to paragraph (f) of this Section, the Borrower agrees that each Participant shall be entitled to the benefits of Sections 2.13, 2.14 and 2.15 to the same extent as if it were a Lender and had acquired its interest by assignment pursuant to paragraph (b) of this Section. To the extent permitted by law, each Participant also shall be entitled to the benefits of Section 9.08 as though it were a Lender, provided such Participant agrees to be subject to Section 2.16(d) as though it were a Lender hereunder. Each Lender that sells a participation shall, acting solely for this purpose as a non-fiduciary agent of the Borrower, maintain a register on which it enters the name and address of each Participant and the principal amounts (and stated interest) of each Participant’s interest in the Commitments or other obligations under the Loan Documents (the “Participant Register”); provided that no Lender shall have any obligation to disclose all or any portion of the Participant Register (including the identity of any Participant or any information relating to a Participant’s interest in any commitments, loans or its other obligations under any Loan Document) to any Person except to the extent that such disclosure is necessary to establish that such commitment, loan or other obligation is in registered form under Sections 163(f), 871(h)(2) and 881(c)(2) of the Code, Section 5f.103-1(c) and proposed Section 1.163-5(b) of the United States Treasury Regulations. The entries in the Participant Register shall be conclusive absent manifest error, and such Lender shall treat each Person whose name is recorded in the Participant Register as the owner of such participation for all purposes of this Agreement notwithstanding any notice to the contrary.

 

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(f)            Limitations on Rights of Participants. A Participant shall not be entitled to receive any greater payment under Section 2.13, 2.14 or 2.15 than the applicable Lender would have been entitled to receive with respect to the participation sold to such Participant, unless the sale of the participation to such Participant is made with the Borrower’s prior written consent. A Participant that would be a Foreign Lender if it were a Lender shall not be entitled to the benefits of Section 2.15 unless the Borrower is notified of the participation sold to such Participant and such Participant agrees, for the benefit of the Borrower, to comply with Section 2.15 as though it were a Lender and in the case of a Participant claiming exemption for portfolio interest under Section 871(h) or 881(c) of the Code, the applicable Lender shall provide the Borrower with satisfactory evidence that the participation is in registered form and shall permit the Borrower to review such register as reasonably needed for the Borrower to comply with its obligations under applicable laws and regulations.

 

(g)            Certain Pledges. Any Lender may at any time pledge or assign a security interest in all or any portion of its rights under this Agreement to secure obligations of such Lender, including any such pledge or assignment to a Federal Reserve Bank or any other central bank, and this Section shall not apply to any such pledge or assignment of a security interest; provided that no such pledge or assignment of a security interest shall release a Lender from any of its obligations hereunder or substitute any such assignee for such Lender as a party hereto.

 

(h)            No Assignments to Natural Persons, the Borrower or Affiliates. Anything in this Section to the contrary notwithstanding, no Lender may assign or participate any interest in any Loan or LC Exposure held by it hereunder to any natural person (or a holding company, investments vehicle, investment vehicle or trust for, or owned and operated by or for the primary benefit of a natural person) or the Borrower or any of its Affiliates or Subsidiaries without the prior consent of each Lender.

 

SECTION 9.05.      Survival. All covenants, agreements, representations and warranties made by the Borrower herein and in the certificates or other instruments delivered in connection with or pursuant to this Agreement shall be considered to have been relied upon by the other parties hereto and shall survive the execution and delivery of this Agreement and the making of any Loans and issuance of any Letters of Credit, regardless of any investigation made by any such other party or on its behalf and notwithstanding that the Administrative Agent, any Issuing Bank or any Lender may have had notice or knowledge of any Default or incorrect representation or warranty at the time any credit is extended hereunder, and shall continue in full force and effect as long as the principal of or any accrued interest on any Loan or any fee or any other amount payable under this Agreement is outstanding and unpaid or any Letter of Credit is outstanding and so long as the Commitments have not expired or terminated. The provisions of Sections 2.13, 2.14, 2.15 and 9.03 and Article VIII shall survive and remain in full force and effect regardless of the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, the repayment of the Loans, the expiration or termination of the Letters of Credit and the Commitments or the termination of this Agreement or any provision hereof.

 

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SECTION 9.06.      Counterparts; Integration; Effectiveness; Electronic Execution.

 

(a)            Counterparts; Integration; Effectiveness. This Agreement may be executed in counterparts (and by different parties hereto on different counterparts), each of which shall constitute an original, but all of which when taken together shall constitute a single contract. This Agreement and any separate letter agreements with respect to fees payable to the Administrative Agent constitute the entire contract between and among the parties relating to the subject matter hereof and supersede any and all previous agreements and understandings, oral or written, relating to the subject matter hereof. Except as provided in Section 4.01, this Agreement shall become effective when it shall have been executed by the Administrative Agent and when the Administrative Agent shall have received counterparts hereof which, when taken together, bear the signatures of each of the other parties hereto, and thereafter shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and assigns. Delivery of an executed counterpart of a signature page to this Agreement by telecopy shall be effective as delivery of a manually executed counterpart of this Agreement.

 

(b)            Electronic Execution of Assignments. The words “execution,” “execute”, “signed,” “signature,” and words of like import in or related to any document to be signed in connection with this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby (including without limitation Assignment and Assumptions, amendments or other Borrowing Requests, waivers and consents) shall be deemed to include electronic signatures, the electronic matching of assignment terms and contract formations on electronic platforms approved by the Administrative Agent (and, for the avoidance of doubt, electronic signatures utilizing the DocuSign platform shall be deemed approved), or the keeping of records in electronic form, each of which shall be of the same legal effect, validity or enforceability as a manually executed signature or the use of a paper-based recordkeeping system, as the case may be, to the extent and as provided for in any applicable law, including the Federal Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act, the New York State Electronic Signatures and Records Act, or any other similar state laws based on the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act.

 

SECTION 9.07.      Severability. Any provision of this Agreement held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall, as to such jurisdiction, be ineffective to the extent of such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability without affecting the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions hereof; and the invalidity of a particular provision in a particular jurisdiction shall not invalidate such provision in any other jurisdiction.

 

SECTION 9.08.      Right of Setoff. If an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, each Lender and each of its Affiliates is hereby authorized at any time and from time to time, to the fullest extent permitted by law, to set off and apply any and all deposits (general or special, time or demand, provisional or final) at any time held and other obligations at any time owing by such Lender or Affiliate to or for the credit or the account of the Borrower against any of and all the obligations of the Borrower now or hereafter existing under this Agreement held by such Lender, irrespective of whether or not such Lender shall have made any demand under this Agreement and although such obligations may be unmatured. The rights of each Lender under this Section are in addition to other rights and remedies (including other rights of setoff) which such Lender may have.

 

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SECTION 9.09.      Governing Law; Jurisdiction; Etc.

 

(a)            Governing Law. This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the law of the State of New York.

 

(b)            Submission to Jurisdiction. The Borrower hereby irrevocably and unconditionally submits, for itself and its property, to the exclusive jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of the State of New York sitting in New York County and of the United States District Court of the Southern District of New York sitting in New York County, and any appellate court from any thereof, in any action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement, or for recognition or enforcement of any judgment, and each of the parties hereto hereby irrevocably and unconditionally agrees that all claims in respect of any such action or proceeding may be heard and determined in such New York State or, to the extent permitted by law, in such Federal court. Each of the parties hereto agrees that a final judgment in any such action or proceeding shall be conclusive and may be enforced in other jurisdictions by suit on the judgment or in any other manner provided by law. Nothing in this Agreement shall affect any right that the Administrative Agent, any Issuing Bank or any Lender may otherwise have to bring any action or proceeding relating to this Agreement against the Borrower or its properties in the courts of any jurisdiction.

 

(c)            Waiver of Venue. The Borrower hereby irrevocably and unconditionally waives, to the fullest extent it may legally and effectively do so, any objection which it may now or hereafter have to the laying of venue of any suit, action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement in any court referred to in paragraph (b) of this Section. Each of the parties hereto hereby irrevocably waives, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the defense of an inconvenient forum to the maintenance of such action or proceeding in any such court.

 

(d)            Service of Process. Each party to this Agreement irrevocably consents to service of process in the manner provided for notices in Section 9.01. Nothing in this Agreement will affect the right of any party to this Agreement to serve process in any other manner permitted by law.

 

SECTION 9.10.      WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL. EACH PARTY HERETO HEREBY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY (WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT OR ANY OTHER THEORY). EACH PARTY HERETO (A) CERTIFIES THAT NO REPRESENTATIVE, AGENT OR ATTORNEY OF ANY OTHER PARTY HAS REPRESENTED, EXPRESSLY OR OTHERWISE, THAT SUCH OTHER PARTY WOULD NOT, IN THE EVENT OF LITIGATION, SEEK TO ENFORCE THE FOREGOING WAIVER AND (B) ACKNOWLEDGES THAT IT AND THE OTHER PARTIES HERETO HAVE BEEN INDUCED TO ENTER INTO THIS AGREEMENT BY, AMONG OTHER THINGS, THE MUTUAL WAIVERS AND CERTIFICATIONS IN THIS SECTION.

 

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SECTION 9.11.      Judgment Currency. This is an international loan transaction in which the specification of Dollars or any Foreign Currency, as the case may be (the “Specified Currency”), and payment in New York City or the country of the Specified Currency, as the case may be (the “Specified Place”), is of the essence, and the Specified Currency shall be the currency of account in all events relating to Loans denominated in the Specified Currency. The payment obligations of the Borrower under this Agreement shall not be discharged or satisfied by an amount paid in another currency or in another place, whether pursuant to a judgment or otherwise, to the extent that the amount so paid on conversion to the Specified Currency and transfer to the Specified Place under normal banking procedures does not yield the amount of the Specified Currency at the Specified Place due hereunder. If for the purpose of obtaining judgment in any court it is necessary to convert a sum due hereunder in the Specified Currency into another currency (the “Second Currency”), the rate of exchange that shall be applied shall be the rate at which in accordance with normal banking procedures the Administrative Agent could purchase the Specified Currency with the Second Currency on the Business Day next preceding the day on which such judgment is rendered. The obligation of the Borrower in respect of any such sum due from it to the Administrative Agent or any Lender hereunder or under any other Loan Document (in this Section called an “Entitled Person”) shall, notwithstanding the rate of exchange actually applied in rendering such judgment, be discharged only to the extent that on the Business Day following receipt by such Entitled Person of any sum adjudged to be due hereunder in the Second Currency such Entitled Person may in accordance with normal banking procedures purchase and transfer to the Specified Place the Specified Currency with the amount of the Second Currency so adjudged to be due; and the Borrower hereby, as a separate obligation and notwithstanding any such judgment, agrees to indemnify such Entitled Person against, and to pay such Entitled Person on demand, in the Specified Currency, the amount (if any) by which the sum originally due to such Entitled Person in the Specified Currency hereunder exceeds the amount of the Specified Currency so purchased and transferred.

 

SECTION 9.12.      Headings. Article and Section headings and the Table of Contents used herein are for convenience of reference only, are not part of this Agreement and shall not affect the construction of, or be taken into consideration in interpreting, this Agreement. None of the Joint Lead Arrangers or the Syndication Agents (identified on the cover hereof) shall have any responsibility under this Agreement.

 

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SECTION 9.13.      Treatment of Certain Information; Confidentiality.

 

(a)            Treatment of Certain Information. The Borrower acknowledges that from time to time financial advisory, investment banking and other services may be offered or provided to the Borrower or one or more of its Subsidiaries (in connection with this Agreement or otherwise) by any Lender or by one or more subsidiaries or affiliates of such Lender and the Borrower hereby authorizes each Lender to share any information delivered to such Lender by the Borrower and its Subsidiaries pursuant to this Agreement, or in connection with the decision of such Lender to enter into this Agreement, to any such subsidiary or affiliate, it being understood that any such subsidiary or affiliate receiving such information shall be bound by the provisions of paragraph (b) of this Section as if it were a Lender hereunder. Such authorization shall survive the repayment of the Loans, the expiration or termination of the Letters of Credit and the Commitments or the termination of this Agreement or any provision hereof.

 

(b)            Confidentiality. Each of the Administrative Agent, the Lenders, the Lead Arrangers and the Issuing Banks agrees to maintain the confidentiality of the Information (as defined below), except that Information may be disclosed (i) to its Affiliates and to its and its Affiliates’ respective partners, directors, officers, employees, agents, advisors and other representatives (it being understood that the Persons to whom such disclosure is made will be informed of the confidential nature of such Information and instructed to keep such Information confidential), (ii) to the extent requested by any regulatory authority purporting to have jurisdiction over it or its Affiliates (including any self-regulatory authority), (iii) to the extent required by applicable laws or regulations or by any subpoena or similar legal process, (iv) to any other party hereto or to any rating agency, (v) in connection with the exercise of any remedies hereunder or under any other Loan Document or any action or proceeding relating to this Agreement or any other Loan Document or the enforcement of rights hereunder or thereunder, (vi) subject to an agreement containing provisions substantially the same as those of this Section, to (x) any assignee of or Participant in, or any prospective assignee of or Participant in, any of its rights or obligations under this Agreement; provided that, (a) so long as no Event of Default is continuing (or, in the case of a “direct competitor” of the Borrower, so long as no Event of Default under clause (a), (b), (i), (j) or (k) of Article VII is continuing), such Person would be permitted to be an assignee or participant pursuant to the terms hereof, (y) any actual or prospective counterparty (or its advisors) to any swap or derivative transaction relating to the Borrower and its obligations or (z) any market data service, (vii) with the consent of the Borrower or (viii) to the extent such Information (x) becomes publicly available other than as a result of a breach of this Section or (y) becomes available to the Administrative Agent, any Lender, any Issuing Bank or any of their respective Affiliates on a nonconfidential basis from a source other than the Borrower or its Affiliates. In addition, the Administrative Agent and each Lender may disclose the existence of this Agreement and information about this Agreement to market data collectors, similar service providers to the lending industry and service providers to the Administrative Agent or any Lender in connection with the administration or servicing of this Agreement, the other Loan Documents and the Commitments.

 

Senior Secured Credit Agreement

 

- 154 -

 

For purposes of this Section, “Information” means all information received from the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries relating to the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective businesses or any Portfolio Investment, other than any such information that is available to the Administrative Agent, any Lender or any Issuing Bank on a nonconfidential basis prior to disclosure by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries, provided that, in the case of information received from the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries after the Effective Date, such information is clearly identified at the time of delivery as confidential. Any Person required to maintain the confidentiality of Information as provided in this Section shall be considered to have complied with its obligation to do so if such Person has exercised the same degree of care to maintain the confidentiality of such Information as such Person would accord to its own confidential information.

 

SECTION 9.14.      USA PATRIOT Act. Each Lender hereby notifies the Borrower that pursuant to the requirements of the USA PATRIOT Act (Title III of Pub. L. 107-56 (signed into law October 26, 2001)), it is required to obtain, verify and record information that identifies the Borrower, which information includes the name and address of the Borrower and other information that will allow such Lender to identify the Borrower in accordance with said Act.

 

SECTION 9.15.      Acknowledgment and Consent to Bail-In of Affected Financial Institutions. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in any Loan Document or in any other agreement, arrangement or understanding among any such parties, each party hereto acknowledges that any liability of any Affected Financial Institution arising under any Loan Document, to the extent such liability is unsecured, may be subject to the write-down and conversion powers of the applicable Resolution Authority and agrees and consents to, and acknowledges and agrees to be bound by:

 

(a)  the application of any Write-Down and Conversion Powers by the applicable Resolution Authority to any such liabilities arising hereunder which may be payable to it by any party hereto that is an Affected Financial Institution; and

 

(b)  the effects of any Bail-In Action on any such liability, including, if applicable:

 

(i)  a reduction in full or in part or cancellation of any such liability;

 

(ii)  a conversion of all, or a portion of, such liability into shares or other instruments of ownership in such Affected Financial Institution, its parent undertaking, or a bridge institution that may be issued to it or otherwise conferred on it, and that such shares or other instruments of ownership will be accepted by it in lieu of any rights with respect to any such liability under this Agreement or any other Loan Document; or

 

(iii)  the variation of the terms of such liability in connection with the exercise of the write-down and conversion powers of the applicable Resolution Authority.

 

Senior Secured Credit Agreement

 

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SECTION 9.16.      No Fiduciary Duty. Each Lender and their Affiliates (collectively, solely for purposes of this paragraph, the “Lenders”), may have economic interests that conflict with those of the Obligors, their stockholders and/or their affiliates. Each Obligor agrees that nothing in the Agreement or the Loan Documents or otherwise will be deemed to create an advisory, fiduciary or agency relationship or fiduciary or other implied duty between any Lender, on the one hand, and such Obligor, its stockholders or its affiliates, on the other. The Obligors acknowledge and agree that (i) the transactions contemplated by the Loan Documents (including the exercise of rights and remedies hereunder and thereunder) are arm’s-length commercial transactions between the Lenders, on the one hand, and the Obligors, on the other, and (ii) solely in connection therewith and solely with the process leading thereto, (x) no Lender has assumed an advisory or fiduciary responsibility in favor of any Obligor, its stockholders or its affiliates with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby (or the exercise of rights or remedies with respect thereto) or the process leading thereto (irrespective of whether any Lender has advised, is currently advising or will advise any Obligor, its stockholders or its Affiliates on other matters) or any other obligation to any Obligor except the obligations expressly set forth in the Loan Documents and (y) each Lender is acting solely as principal and not as the agent or fiduciary of any Obligor, its management, stockholders, creditors or any other Person. Each Obligor acknowledges and agrees that it has consulted its own legal and financial advisors to the extent it deemed appropriate and that it is responsible for making its own independent judgment with respect to the transactions contemplated by the Loan Documents and the process leading thereto. Each Obligor agrees that it will not claim that any Lender has rendered advisory services of any nature or respect, or owes a fiduciary or similar duty to such Obligor, solely in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Loan Documents or the process leading thereto.

 

Senior Secured Credit Agreement

 

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SECTION 9.17.      German Bank Separation Act.

 

Solely for so long as Deutsche Bank AG New York Branch, or any Affiliate thereof, is a Lender, if any such Lender is subject to the GBSA (as defined below) (any such Lender, a “GBSA Lender”) and such GBSA Lender shall have determined in good faith (based on advice of counsel (including in-house counsel)), which determination shall be made in consultation with the Borrower subject to the terms hereof) that, due to the implementation of the German Act on the Ring-fencing of Risks and for the Recovery and Resolution Planning for Credit Institutions and Financial Groups (Gesetz zur Abschirmung von Risiken und zur Planung der Sanierung und Abwicklung von Kreditinstituten und Finanzgruppen) of 7 August 2013 (commonly referred to as the German Bank Separation Act (Trennbankengesetz) (the “GBSA”), whether before or after the date hereof, or any corresponding European legislation (such as the proposed regulation on structural measures improving the resilience of European Union credit institutions) that may amend or replace the GBSA in the future or any regulation thereunder, or due to the promulgation of, or any change in the interpretation by, any court, tribunal or regulatory authority with competent jurisdiction of the GBSA or any corresponding future European legislation that may amend or replace the GBSA in the future or any regulation thereunder, the arrangements contemplated by this Agreement or the Loans have, or will, become illegal, prohibited or otherwise unlawful (regardless of whether such illegality, prohibition or unlawfulness could be prevented by transferring such arrangements, Commitments and/or Loans to an Affiliate or other third party), then, and in any such event, such GBSA Lender shall give written notice to the Borrower and the Administrative Agent of such determination (which written notice shall include a reasonably detailed explanation of such illegality, prohibition or unlawfulness, including, without limitation, evidence and calculations used in the determination thereof, a “GBSA Initial Notice”), whereupon until the fifth Business Day after the date of such GBSA Initial Notice, such GBSA Lender shall use commercially reasonable efforts to transfer to the extent permitted under applicable law such arrangements, Commitments and/or Loans to an Affiliate or other third party in accordance with Section 9.04. If no such transfer is effected in accordance with the preceding sentence, such GBSA Lender shall give written notice thereof to the Borrower and the Administrative Agent a (“GBSA Final Notice”), whereupon (i) all of the obligations of such GBSA Lender shall become due and payable, and the Borrower shall repay the outstanding principal of such obligations together with accrued interest thereon and all other amounts due and payable to the GBSA Lender, on the fifth Business Day immediately after the date of such GBSA Final Notice (the “Initial GBSA Termination Date”) and, for the avoidance of doubt, such repayment shall not be subject to the terms and conditions of Section 2.16(c) to the extent that there are no outstanding amounts then due and payable to the other Lenders on such fifth Business Day and (ii) the Commitment of such GBSA Lender shall terminate on the Initial GBSA Termination Date; provided that, notwithstanding the foregoing, if, prior to such Initial GBSA Termination Date, the Borrower and/or the Administrative Agent in good faith reasonably believes that there is a mistake, error or omission in the grounds used to determine such illegality, prohibition or unlawfulness under the GBSA or any corresponding future European legislation that may amend or replace the GBSA in the future or any regulation thereunder, then the Borrower and/or the Administrative Agent, as applicable, may provide written notice (which written notice shall include a reasonably detailed explanation of the basis of such good faith belief, including, without limitation, evidence and calculations used in the determination thereof, a “GBSA Consultation Notice”) to that effect, at which point the obligations owed to such GBSA Lender hereunder and under the Loans shall not become due and payable, and the Commitments of such GBSA Lender shall not terminate, until the Business Day immediately following the tenth Business Day immediately after the Initial GBSA Termination Date (the period from, and including, the date of the GBSA Consultation Notice until the tenth Business Day immediately thereafter being the “GBSA Consultation Period”). In the event that the Borrower and/or the Administrative Agent, as applicable, and such GBSA Lender cannot in good faith reasonably agree during the GBSA Consultation Period whether the arrangements contemplated by this Agreement or the Loans have, or will, become illegal, prohibited or otherwise unlawful under the GBSA or any corresponding future European legislation that may amend or replace the GBSA in the future or any regulation thereunder, then all of the obligations owed to such GBSA Lender hereunder and under the Loans shall become due and payable, and the Commitments of such GBSA Lender shall terminate, on the Business Day immediately following the last day of such GBSA Consultation Period. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, no part of the proceeds of any extension of credit hereunder will be used to pay any GBSA Lender or otherwise satisfy any obligation under this Section 9.17. To the extent that any LC Exposure exists at the time a GBSA Lender’s Commitments are cancelled and its obligations under the Loan Documents are repaid in full, such LC Exposure shall be reallocated as set forth in Section 2.17 treating for purposes hereof each Lender (other than any GBSA Lender) as a non-Defaulting Lender for purposes of such reallocation and treating the GBSA Lender as a Defaulting Lender solely for such purposes.

 

Senior Secured Credit Agreement

 

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SECTION 9.18.      Acknowledgement Regarding Any Supported QFCs. To the extent that the Loan Documents provide support, through a guarantee or otherwise, for Hedging Agreements or any other agreement or instrument that is a QFC (such support “QFC Credit Support” and each such QFC a “Supported QFC”), the parties acknowledge and agree as follows with respect to the resolution power of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation under the Federal Deposit Insurance Act and Title II of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (together with the regulations promulgated thereunder, the “U.S. Special Resolution Regimes”) in respect of such Supported QFC and QFC Credit Support (with the provisions below applicable notwithstanding that the Loan Documents and any Supported QFC may in fact be stated to be governed by the laws of the State of New York and/or of the United States or any other state of the United States):

 

In the event a Covered Entity that is party to a Supported QFC (each, a “Covered Party”) becomes subject to a proceeding under a U.S. Special Resolution Regime, the transfer of such Supported QFC and the benefit of such QFC Credit Support (and any interest and obligation in or under such Supported QFC and such QFC Credit Support, and any rights in property securing such Supported QFC or such QFC Credit Support) from such Covered Party will be effective to the same extent as the transfer would be effective under the U.S. Special Resolution Regime if the Supported QFC and such QFC Credit Support (and any such interest, obligation and rights in property) were governed by the laws of the United States or a state of the United States. In the event a Covered Party or a BHC Act Affiliate of a Covered Party becomes subject to a proceeding under a U.S. Special Resolution Regime, Default Rights under the Loan Documents that might otherwise apply to such Supported QFC or any QFC Credit Support that may be exercised against such Covered Party are permitted to be exercised to no greater extent than such Default Rights could be exercised under the U.S. Special Resolution Regime if the Supported QFC and the Loan Documents were governed by the laws of the United States or a state of the United States. Without limitation of the foregoing, it is understood and agreed that rights and remedies of the parties with respect to a Defaulting Lender shall in no event affect the rights of any Covered Party with respect to a Supported QFC or any QFC Credit Support.

 

[Signature pages follow]

 

Senior Secured Credit Agreement

 

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized officers as of the day and year first above written.

 

  ARES STRATEGIC INCOME FUND
   
   
  By: /s/ Scott Lem
    Name: Scott Lem
    Title: Authorized Signatory

 

Senior Secured Credit Agreement

 

 

  LENDERS
   
  JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A.,
   
  as a Lender, an Issuing Bank and as Administrative Agent
   
   
  By: /s/ Kevin Faber
    Name: Kevin Faber
    Title: Vice President

 

Senior Secured Credit Agreement

 

 

  WELLS FARGO BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, as a Lender
   
   
  By: /s/ Heidi Samuels
    Name: Heidi Samuels
    Title: Director

 

Senior Secured Credit Agreement

 

 

  SUMITOMO MITSUI BANKING CORPORATION, as a Lender and Issuing Bank
   
   
  By: /s/ Shane Klein
    Name: Shane Klein
    Title: Managing Director

 

Senior Secured Credit Agreement

 

 

  TRUST BANK, as a Lender
   
   
  By: /s/ Hays Wood
    Name: Hays Wood
    Title: Director

 

Senior Secured Credit Agreement

 

 

  MIZUHO BANK, LTD., as a Lender
   
   
  By: /s/ Donna DeMagistris
    Name: Donna DeMagistris
    Title: Executive Director

 

Senior Secured Credit Agreement

 

 

  BNP Paribas, as a Lender
   
   
  By: /s/ Dimitri Jobert
    Name: Dimitri Jobert
    Title: Managing Director
   
   
  By: /s/ Sebastian Hebenstreit
    Name: Sebastian Hebenstreit
    Title: Vice President

 

Senior Secured Credit Agreement

 

 

  MORGAN STANLEY BANK, N.A., as a Lender
   
   
  By: /s/ Michael King
    Name: Michael King
    Title: Authorized Signatory

 

Senior Secured Credit Agreement

 

 

  GOLDMAN SACHS BANK USA, as a Lender
   
   
  By: /s/ William E. Briggs IV
    Name: William E. Briggs IV
    Title: Authorized Signatory

 

Senior Secured Credit Agreement

 

 

  Bank of America, N.A., as a Lender
   
   
  By: /s/ Sidhima Daruka
    Name: Sidhima Daruka
    Title: Director

 

Senior Secured Credit Agreement

 

 

 

Exhibit (l)

 

 

January 31, 2023

 

Ares Strategic Income Fund

245 Park Avenue, 44th Floor

New York, New York 10167

 

Re:Ares Strategic Income Fund

 

Ladies and Gentlemen:

 

We have acted as special Delaware counsel for Ares Strategic Income Fund, a Delaware statutory trust (the “Trust”), in connection with the matters set forth herein. At your request, this opinion is being furnished to you.

 

We have examined and relied upon such records, documents, certificates and other instruments as in our judgment are necessary or appropriate to enable us to render the opinions expressed below, including the following documents:

 

(a)The certificate of trust of the Trust, as filed with the office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware (the “Secretary of State”) on March 15, 2022, as amended by that certain certificate of amendment to the certificate of trust of the Trust, as filed with the Secretary of State on March 30, 2022 (collectively, the “Certificate of Trust”);

 

(b)The Declaration of Trust of the Trust, dated as of March 15, 2022, as amended and restated by the First Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust, dated as of March 30, 2022, by the trustee of the trust named therein, as further amended and restated by the Second Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust, dated as of November 22, 2022, by the trustees of the trust named therein, as further amended and restated by the Third Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust, dated as of January 26, 2023, by the trustees of the trust named therein (as so amended and restated, the “Trust Agreement”);

 

(c)The Amended and Restated By-Laws of the Trust, dated as of January 26, 2023 (the “By-Laws”);

 

 

 

 

 

Ares Strategic Income Fund
January 31, 2023
Page 2

 

(d)A certificate of the secretary of the Trust, dated the date hereof, and attaching copies of resolutions adopted by the Board of Trustees (the forgoing are collectively referred to as the “Resolutions” and, together with the Trust Agreement and the By-Laws, are collectively referred to as the “Trust Documents”);

 

(e)The Trust’s Registration Statement (the “Registration Statement”) on Form N-2, as amended, including a prospectus (the “Prospectus”), with respect to the issuance of Class D, Class I and Class S common shares of beneficial interest in the Trust, par value $0.01 per share (the “Shares”), initially filed by the Trust with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 5, 2022; and

 

(f)A Certificate of Good Standing for the Trust, dated January 26, 2023, obtained from the Secretary of State.

 

Initially capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined are used as defined in the Trust Documents.

 

As to various questions of fact material to our opinion, we have relied upon the representations made in the foregoing documents and upon certificates of officers of the Trust.

 

With respect to all documents examined by us, we have assumed (i) the authenticity of all documents submitted to us as authentic originals, (ii) the conformity with the originals of all documents submitted to us as copies or forms, and (iii) the genuineness of all signatures.

 

For purposes of this opinion, we have assumed (i) that the Trust Documents constitute the entire agreement among the parties thereto with respect to the subject matter thereof, including with respect to the formation, operation and termination of the Trust, and that the Trust Documents and the Certificate of Trust are in full force and effect and will not be amended, (ii) except to the extent provided in paragraph 1 below, the due organization or due formation, as the case may be, and valid existence in good standing of each party to the documents examined by us under the laws of the jurisdiction governing its organization or formation, (iii) the legal capacity of natural persons who are parties to the documents examined by us, (iv) that each of the parties (other than the Trust) to the documents examined by us has the power and authority to execute and deliver, and to perform its obligations under, such documents, (v) except to the extent provided in paragraph 2 below, the due authorization, execution and delivery by all parties thereto of all documents examined by us, (vi) the payment by each Person to whom a Share has been or is to be issued by the Trust (collectively, the “Shareholders”) for such Share, in accordance with the Trust Documents and as contemplated by the Registration Statement, and (vii) that the Shares will be issued and sold to the Shareholders in accordance with the Trust Documents and as contemplated by the Registration Statement. We have not participated in the preparation of the Registration Statement (other than this opinion) and assume no responsibility for its contents except for this opinion.

 

 

 

 

Ares Strategic Income Fund
January 31, 2023
Page 3

 

This opinion is limited to the laws of the State of Delaware (excluding the securities laws of the State of Delaware), and we have not considered and express no opinion on the laws of any other jurisdiction, including federal laws and rules and regulations relating thereto. Our opinions are rendered only with respect to Delaware laws and rules, regulations and orders thereunder which are currently in effect.

 

Based upon the foregoing, and upon our examination of such questions of law and statutes of the State of Delaware as we have considered necessary or appropriate, and subject to the assumptions, qualifications, limitations and exceptions set forth herein, we are of the opinion that:

 

1.          The Trust has been duly formed and is validly existing in good standing as a statutory trust under the Delaware Statutory Trust Act, 12 Del. C. § 3801, et. seq.

 

2.          The Shares of the Trust have been duly authorized and, when issued, will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable beneficial interests in the Trust.

 

We consent to the filing of this opinion with the Securities and Exchange Commission as an exhibit to the Registration Statement. We also consent to the use of our name under the heading “Legal Matters” in the Prospectus. In giving the foregoing consent, we do not thereby admit that we come within the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission thereunder.

 

  Very truly yours,
   
  /s/ Richards, Layton & Finger, P.A.

 

JWP/CZD

 

 

 

 

Exhibit (n)

 

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

 

We consent to the use in this Registration Statement on Form N-2 of our report dated November 9, 2022, relating to the statement of asset and liabilities of Ares Strategic Income Fund as of October 14, 2022. We also consent to the reference to us under the heading “Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm” in such Registration Statement.

 

/s/ KPMG LLP

 

Los Angeles, California

January 31, 2023

 

 

 

 

Exhibit Filing Fees

 

Calculation of Filing Fee Tables

 

FORM N-2
(Form Type)

 

ARES STRATEGIC INCOME FUND
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

 

 

Table 1: Newly Registered and Carry Forward Securities

 

  Security Type   Security
Class
Title
  Fee
Calculation
or Carry
Forward Rule
  Amount
Registered
  Proposed
Maximum
Offering Price
Per Unit
  Maximum
Aggregate
Offering Price (1)
  Fee Rate   Amount of
Registration Fee
(2)
  Carry
Forward
Form Type
  Carry
Forward
File Number
  Carry
Forward
Initial
effective
date
  Filing Fee
Previously Paid
In Connection
with Unsold
Securities
to be Carried
Forward
Newly Registered Securities
Fees to Be Paid Equity   Common shares of beneficial interest, $0.01 par value per share   Rule 457(o)   $5,000,000,000       $4,999,000,000   0.0001102   $550,889.80                
Fees Previously Paid Equity   Common shares of beneficial interest, $0.01 par value per share   Rule 457(o)           $1,000,000   0.0000927   $92.70                
Carry Forward Securities
Carry Forward Securities                                              
  Total Offering Amounts       $5,000,000,000       $550,982.50                
  Total Fees Previously Paid               $92.70                
  Total Fee Offsets               $0.00                
  Net Fee Due               $550,889.80                

(1) Being registered pursuant to this Registration Statement.

 

(2) Calculated pursuant to Rule 457(o) and paid in connection with the filing of this Registration Statement.