UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
FORM 20-F
(Mark One) | ||
x |
REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR (g) OF
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
|
OR | ||
o |
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
|
For the fiscal year ended . | ||
OR | ||
o |
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
|
For the transition period from to . |
Commission File Number [001-31782]
GENOIL INC.
Canada
(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
101 6 Avenue S.W., Suite 650
Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2P 3P4
(Address of principal executive offices)
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
None.
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
Title of each class
Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock,
Fully Paid
and Non Assessable
Common Shares without
Par Value
TSX Venture Exchange
Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act:
Not Applicable.
Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuers classes of capital or common stock as of December 31, 2002: 141,948,050 shares of Common Stock.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. o Yes x No
Indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow. x Item 17 o Item 18
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page # | |||||||||
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PART I
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Item 1.
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IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISORS | 1 | |||||||
Item 2.
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OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE | 1 | |||||||
Item 3.
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KEY INFORMATION | 1 | |||||||
Item 4
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INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY | 6 | |||||||
Item 5.
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OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS | 12 | |||||||
Item 6.
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DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES | 15 | |||||||
Item 7.
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MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS | 20 | |||||||
Item 8.
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FINANCIAL INFORMATION | 22 | |||||||
Item 9.
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THE OFFER AND LISTING | 22 | |||||||
Item 10.
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ADDITIONAL INFORMATION | 23 | |||||||
Item 11.
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QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK | 33 | |||||||
Item 12.
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DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES | 33 | |||||||
PART II
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Item 13.
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DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES | 33 | |||||||
Item 14.
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MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS | 33 | |||||||
Item 15.
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[RESERVED] | 33 | |||||||
Item 16.
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[RESERVED] | 33 | |||||||
PART III
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|||||||||
Item 17.
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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS | 33 | |||||||
Item 18.
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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS | 33 | |||||||
Item 19.
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EXHIBITS | 33 |
PART I
Item 1. Identity of Directors, Senior Management and Advisers
A. Directors and senior management.
The following are the names and positions of the directors and senior
management of Genoil Inc. (the Company). Each director and officer may be
reached by contacting the Companys corporate headquarters at 101 6 Avenue
S.W., Suite 640, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2P 3P4.
B.
Advisers.
Name
Position
Thomas F. Bugg
Director, President and Chief Operating Officer
Harley Mintz
Director
David Lifschultz
Director, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
John ODonnell
Director
Lawrence Lifschultz
Director
Jose Lourenco
Vice President Engineering
Hannu Salokangas
Process Control Senior Engineer
The law firm of Bennett Jones LLP, 4500 Bankers Hall East, 855 2nd Street SW, Calgary, Alberta T2P 4K7, acts as an adviser to the Company and has done so for the preceding five years.
C. Auditors.
The Companys independent auditors are KPMG LLP, Chartered Accounts, 1200, 205 5 Avenue S.W., Calgary, Alberta, Canada, T2P 4B9. KPMG LLP has been the Companys independent auditors for the preceding three years.
KPMG LLP is a member of the Canadian Institute of Chartered Accountants and the Institute of Chartered Accountants of Alberta.
Item 2. Offer Statistics and Expected Timetable
Not applicable.
Item 3. Key Information
A. Selected financial data.
The Companys financial statements are prepared in accordance with Canadian generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). These principles conform in all material respects with US GAAP except as disclosed in Note 14 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. The following summary financial data should be read together with the Consolidated Financial Statements and the respective notes thereto, and the other information contained in this document.
The following selected consolidated financial data as of December 31, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001 and 2002 and for the years ended December 31, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001 and 2002 has been derived from the Companys audited Consolidated Financial Statements, which are included elsewhere herein, and was prepared in accordance with Canadian GAAP. These principles differ in certain respects from those applicable under U.S. GAAP as is discussed in detail in Note 14 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
The Companys Consolidated Financial Statements are stated in Canadian
Dollars (CDN$ or $).
Genoil Inc.
Selected Consolidated Financial Information
(Canadian GAAP)
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
30,100
1,124,343
443,985
7,128,759
(2,977,152
)
(2,125,228
)
(16,382,100
)
(24,151,155
)
4,341,264
(2,977,152
)
(2,125,228
)
(770,469
)
(2,999,258
)
(2,498,391
)
(794,200
)
(2,977,152
)
(2,125,228
)
(16,421,492
)
(24,207,505
)
4,247,198
(0.03
)
(0.02
)
(0.20
)
(0.36
)
(0.13
)
(0.03
)
(0.03
)
(0.01
)
10,239,807
7,457,618
10,239,807
7,457,618
5,246,759
19,661,568
23,848,028
6,758,878
4,161,074
6,758,878
4,161,074
123,943
1,845,675
4,843,613
10,821,762
5,246,806
43,891,829
38,294,767
18,916,908
14,247,948
9,448,518
(0.03
)
(0.02
)
(0.20
)
(0.36
)
(0.07
)
* | excluding long term debt and redeemable preferred stock | |
** | as Adjusted to Reflect Changes in Capital | |
*** | in both the currency of the financial statements and the host country currency, including the formula used for any adjustments to dividends declared |
Number of Shares Issued
The number of shares issued in the last five years are 10,821,762 in 2002; 5,246,806 in 2001; 18,916,908 in 2000; 14,247,948 in 1999; and 9,448,518 in 1998.
As at December 31, 2002 141,948,050 shares of the Company were issued and outstanding, whereas at a year earlier at December 31, 2001 there were 103,454,585 shares of the Company issued and outstanding.
2
Currency and Exchange Rates
Canadian Dollar Value for 1 US$ (as published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York):
All exchange rate calculations below are based on the noon buying rate in New York City for cable transfers in Canadian dollars as certified for customs purposes by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
The average exchange rates for each of the past 5 fiscal years were
calculated using the average of the exchange rates in effect on the last day of
each month during the period indicated.
1.4854
1.4854
1.5224
1.5032
1.5705
All dollar amounts set forth herein are in Canadian dollars, except where otherwise indicated.
B. Capitalization and indebtedness.
The table below sets forth the Companys total indebtedness and
capitalization as of March 31, 2003 as stated in the Companys unaudited
interim financial statements of the same date. You should read this table in
conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes.
Genoil Inc.
Capitalization and Indebtedness
at March 31, 2003
$
554,997
85,191
640,188
2,698,883
11,004,134
(4,897,456
)
6,106,678
$
9,445,749
* | During the three-month period ended March 31, 2003 and 2002 a company controlled by an officer and director of the Company provided technical and administrative services to the Company. No fees were charged for these services. | |
In March 2003, the Company issued 1,508,397 common shares ranging from $0.10 to $0.13 per share to pay $177,172 of accounts payable. Of the shares issued, 313,860; 303,765; and 74,208 were issued to an employee of the Company, to a company controlled by an officer of the Company and to a company controlled by a director of the Company, respectively. | ||
** | The Company holds a note for a $2.3 million loan made to the Company. On June 4, 2003 the note holder agreed to extend the due date of principal and interest due to January 12, 2005. Accordingly, the principal and interest due at March 31, 2003 has been classified as a long-term liability. |
3
C. Reasons for the offer and use of proceeds.
Not applicable.
D. Risk factors.
Going Concern
To date the Company has not attained commercial operations from its various patents and technology rights. $2,698,883 of principal and interest owed to a note holder was overdue at March 31, 2003 (December 31, 2003 - $2,647,133) but the note was subsequently extended to January 12, 2005. The future of the Company is dependent upon its ability to maintain the continued financial support of the note holder (see Item 3.B Capitalization and indebtedness) and to obtain adequate additional financing to fund the development of commercial operations from its various patents and technology rights. The Consolidated Financial Statements are prepared on the basis that the Company will continue to operate throughout the next fiscal period to March 31, 2004 as a going concern. A failure to continue as a going concern would require that stated amounts of assets and liabilities be reflected on a liquidation basis, which would differ from the going concern basis.
General Risk Factors
An investment in the Companys common shares should be considered highly
speculative. In addition to other information in this
Form 20-F, you should
carefully consider the following factors when evaluating the Company and the
Companys business.
Much of the information included in this application includes or is based upon estimates, projections or other forward-looking statements. Such forward-looking statements include any projections or estimates made by the Company and the Companys management in connection with the Companys business operations. While these forward-looking statements, and any assumptions upon which they are based, are made in good faith and reflect the Companys current judgment regarding the direction of the Companys business, actual results will almost always vary, sometimes materially, from any estimates, predictions, projections, assumptions or other future performance suggested herein.
The Company has not earned profits to date and there is no assurance that it will earn profits in the future, or that profitability, if achieved, will be sustained. The commercialization of the Companys technologies requires financial resources and there is no assurance that capital infusions or future revenues will be sufficient to generate the funds required to continue the Companys business development and marketing activities. If the Company does not obtain sufficient capital to fund its operations, it may be required to forego certain business opportunities or discontinue operations entirely.
The Company has incurred significant losses and has used cash in its operations. The Company expects to continue to incur significantly greater costs than revenue received and consequently expects to incur losses in the near term. If the Company achieves profitability, it may not be able to sustain it. The business of initiating, developing and implementing inventive or innovative processes is inherently risky. Manpower and capital employed may not result in the development of a commercial or economic process. Once successfully developed, there is no certainty that the intended market will be receptive of the Companys technology. In all areas of the Companys business, the Company may compete against entities that may have greater technical and financial resources. The Company is dependent upon external sources of financing which may not be available on acceptable or economic terms.
In reference to the foregoing, the Company attempts to mitigate these risks by hiring qualified personnel, either directly as employees, or indirectly as service contractors. The Companys philosophy is to focus on a limited number of technological innovations, in order to develop technical and managerial expertise in each area. The Company attempts to adhere to sound operational standards and to conduct its operations in a manner that complies with government regulations and guidelines. The Company insures its operations.
4
The section that follows addresses several of the risk factors related to the Companys operations in more detail.
The Company has issued common share purchase warrants and options, the conversion and/or exercise of which would have a dilutive effect on the Companys earnings per share.
As of December 31, 2002, the Company had reserved 10,000,000 Common Shares for issuance upon the exercise of stock options. Such Common Shares represent a potential equity dilution of approximately 14%, based upon 153,849,122 being the total number of outstanding Common Shares after issuance of such shares. Furthermore, the Company may enter into commitments in the future which would require the issuance of additional Common Shares, and the Company may grant additional stock options. The Company is authorized to issue an unlimited number of Common Shares. Issuance of additional shares would be subject to TSX Venture Exchange (the Exchange) regulatory approval and compliance with applicable securities legislation. The Company currently has no plans to issue Common Shares other than upon the exercise of warrants and for the purpose of raising funds for general working capital requirements, or to accommodate strategic partnerships, which issuance would be subject to Exchange approval.
At December 31, 2001 the acquirer of the former parent of the Company and others held warrants entitling them to purchase 11,737,500 and 11,262,500 shares, respectively at $0.40 per share. During 2001 the warrants were re-priced to $0.10 per share and the expiry date was extended from November 30, 2001 to November 30, 2002. On November 30, 2002, 11,737,500 warrants expired and the term of 11,262,500 warrants was extended to February 12, 2004.
In consideration for refinancing the $2,300,000 loan (see Item 3.B Capitalization and indebtedness), the Company granted the lender the right to acquire 9,000,000 common shares at $0.20 per share prior to November 14, 2005 and 1,000,000 common shares at $0.50 per share prior to November 14, 2006. Using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, the estimated fair value of these rights is $1,564,000. This amount will be recognized as a financing cost over the term of the loan.
Third parties may claim that the Company infringes their proprietary rights.
The Company potentially may receive claims that it has infringed the intellectual property rights of others. As the number of products in the oil and gas industry increases, the Company may become increasingly subject to infringement claims, including patent and copyright infringement claims. In addition, former employers of the Companys former, current or future employees may assert claims that such employees have improperly disclosed to the Company the confidential or proprietary information of these former employers. Any such claim, with or without merit, could be time consuming to defend, result in costly litigation, divert managements attention from the Companys core business, require the Company to stop selling or delay shipping, or cause the redesign of the Companys product. In addition, the Company may be required to pay monetary amounts as damages, for royalty or licensing arrangements, or to satisfy indemnification obligations that the Company has with some of its customers.
The Company may not be able to protect its proprietary information.
The Company relies on a combination of copyright, patents and trade secret laws, confidentiality procedures, contractual provisions and other measures to protect its proprietary information. All of these measures afford only limited protection. These measures may be invalidated, circumvented or challenged, and others may develop technologies or processes that are similar or superior to the Companys technology. Despite the Companys efforts to protect its proprietary rights, unauthorized parties may attempt to copy the Companys products or to obtain or use information that the Company regards as proprietary.
5
U.S. investors may have difficulty enforcing judgments against the Company or the Companys management.
The Company is incorporated in Canada. All but three of the Companys directors and all except one of the Companys executive officers reside in Canada. In addition, substantially all of the Companys assets are located outside the United States. As a result, U.S. investors may not be able to:
| effect service of process upon the Company or these persons within the United States; or | ||
| enforce against the Company or these persons in United States courts, judgments obtained in United States courts, including judgments predicated on the civil liability provisions of the federal securities laws of the United States; or | ||
| initiate a derivative suit on behalf of the Company. |
As all or a substantial portion of the Companys assets and the assets of the Companys directors and executive officers are located in Canada, excepting the assets of the non-Canadian directors, there may be difficulty in enforcing against the Company or such persons or against the Companys assets, judgments obtained in United States courts predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the federal securities laws of the United States or the securities laws of any state of the United States.
Item 4. Information on the Company
A. History and development of the Company.
The Company
The Company resulted from the amalgamation on September 5, 1996 under the
Canada Business Corporations Act
of Genoil Inc. and Continental Fashion Group
Inc. (CFG), a public company whose shares traded on the Alberta Stock
Exchange. At the time of the merger, CFG had no assets, no liabilities and did
not carry on any business.
History
1996
-
The Company resulted from the amalgamation between Genoil Inc. and Continental Fashion Group Inc.
1997
-
Interests in oil and gas properties located in the Province of Quebec were acquired by the Company;
-
St. Genevieve Resources Ltd., the Companys parent, re-directed funds from the Companys accounts, leaving the Company
insolvent;
-
Debt was converted that was owed by Explogas Ltd. for farm-in rights in Cuba offshore and onshore and a related party
transaction by which the Company acquired shares of Explogas and a general release in respect of their dealings.
Subsequent to the conversion of debt the Company sold all of its shares in Explogas.
1998
-
Beau Canada Exploration (Beau) re-capitalized the Company and the
Company became a subsidiary of Beau;
-
The board of directors and management of the Company were replaced;
-
The Company changed its year end to December 31st;
-
Royalty interests and producing properties in the Western Sedimentary Basin were purchased by the Company;
-
The Company listed on the Canadian Venture Exchange (CDNX).
1999
-
All outstanding common shares of CE3 Technologies were acquired by the Company;
-
The Companys subsidiaries were CE3 Technologies Inc. (CE3), Enviremedial Services Inc. (Enviremedial) (CE3 is sole
shareholder of this Enviremedial), and Genoil Merchant Banking Intragroup Restricted Limited;
-
Cuban interests owned by the Company were sold.
6
2000
-
All Canadian royalty interest and producing properties were sold to Beau Canada for $1,700,000;
-
A subsidiary of the Company was sold to Beau;
-
Beau distributed its holdings in Genoil to its Shareholders and so was no longer the parent of the Company;
-
CE3 was placed into receivership;
-
The registered office of the Company was changed from Toronto, Ontario to Calgary, Alberta.
2001
-
All of the intellectual property of CE3 as well as certain capital
assets, including the pilot upgrader facility, were acquired by the
Company;
-
Exclusive rights to the Americas and the Caribbean for oil-water
separation technology held by the Company were extended for 5 to 10 years.
2002
-
The Company purchased Hydrogen Solutions Inc. and was assigned the
license existing for EHG Technology LLC (EHG) technology;
-
The Company acquired exclusive rights to a process for generating hydrogen from water;
-
Patent rights for a three-phase oil water separator were acquired by the Company as was an existing commercial unit;
-
The Company completed the first tranche of a non-brokered private placement through which it issued 7,532,806 common shares
at a price of $0.18 per common share;
-
A non-brokered private placement was closed by the Company through which it issued 20,226,853 common shares at a price of
$0.10 per common share.
2003
-
A partnership between EHG and the Company for the purpose of conducting
tests at a site in Romania of its hydrogen generating technology was
ongoing between the parties;
-
Mr. David K. Lifschultz, a director of the Company, acquired shares of
the Company by way of a private placement bringing his total holdings
to 20.5% of the issued and outstanding shares of the Company;
-
Outstanding warrants issued by the Company representing 11,262,500
common shares of the Company were extended for one additional year to
February 12, 2004;
-
A number of shares for debt agreements were reached with several of
the Companys creditors for approximately $110,000 of its outstanding
debt, subject to regulatory approval.
Subsidiaries
Not Applicable.
B. Business overview.
General Development of the Business
The Companys principal business is the development of technologies relating to the oil and gas industry. The Companys present goal is to commercialize its technologies internationally.
The Company owns rights to several patented and proprietary technologies. A number of products are under development by the Company from these technologies. A discussion of these products follows.
Pilot Heavy Oil Upgrader
The Company owns heavy oil upgrader technology. The Companys upgrader uses a hydrogen addition process, as opposed to conventional carbon rejection. The considerable price differential between light and heavy oil creates a potential opportunity for the upgrader to be developed for both heavy oil and bitumen. The Companys pilot upgrader has progressed through the development stage.
In 2002, the Company moved its pilot upgrader to a new location at Two Hills, Alberta. The Company has established its own testing site in order to test specific grades of crude oil used in the refining operations of companies interested in the technology. Tests show that the Companys process may have the capability to increase refinery output by up to 25% when compared to the industrys prevailing technology based on carbon rejection methods, depending on numerous factors including existing refiner process equipment applied and type of crude oil to be used. During test of the upgrader in 2001 tarsand bitumen was upgraded from 6.8 API to 28 API gravity using the Companys process. Liquid yields were greater than 100% with no petroleum coke production. The Companys
7
process may also capable of yielding a key environmental benefit by lowering sulfur pollution during the refining process from 5% to 0.2%.
The Company plans to use the pilot upgrader as part of a strategy to actively market the Companys process and license its technology throughout the worlds oil refining industry. The Company has executed 12 marketing agreements granting marketing organization parties the right to sell the upgrader technology into international markets on a commission basis. The marketing organization parties are either individuals or organizations in Venezuela, Brazil, Cuba, Trinidad and Tobago, Mexico, Columbia, Chile, the US Virgin Islands, Romania, the Middle East, Great Britain, Spain, the United States, Canada, Korea and China.
The Company has also executed an agreement with a foreign oil company whereby testing of the pilot heavy oil upgrader may be conducted utilizing foreign oil. The foreign oil company has contracted to provide samples of their oil to be processed by the pilot heavy oil upgrader. Testing commenced in accordance with the agreement in July, 2003 and has continued through the month of August, 2003. Tests are expected to be completed as of September, 2003 at which point a review of the results will be conducted during the months of September and October, 2003 Engineering personnel of both parties will be involved in conducting the tests.
Oil/Water Separation
The Company owns oil/water separator technology rights. The Companys Oil/Water Separator separates oil from water at the wellhead. An Oil/Water Separator test unit was outfitted at a Romanian facility under the direct supervision of the Companys engineering staff and is presently located at the Companys upgrader facility for testing at Two Hills, Alberta, Canada.
The separator unit is expected to be available at the Companys Two Hills upgrader site for demonstrations to interested oil producers in 2003. The Company has executed 12 marketing agreements granting marketing organization parties the right to sell the separator technology into international markets on a commission basis. The marketing organization parties are either individuals or organizations in Venezuela, Brazil, Cuba, Trinidad and Tobago, Mexico, Columbia, Chile, the US Virgin Islands, Romania, the Middle East, Great Britain, Spain, the United States, Canada, Korea and China.
Jet Pump
The Company owns rights in jet pump technology. The pump was originally designed and engineered for carrying sand at a sand-cleaning plant. This sand cleaning technology is still in the Companys stable of technologies, but management has held back its development. The jet pump is constructed from several components, some of which are patented by others inventors. The Company has developed an engineering design of the jet pump that has the potential to offer a number of applications across several industries. These applications will be examined in the coming months.
A half-year test trial at a Canadian steel mill has been conducted on the Companys jet pump technology. As a result of the test, the specifically adapted version of the jet pump technology was ultimately purchased by the mill that tested the technology to carry slurry waste for $70,000 in 2002 (this amount is shown in the Consolidated Financial Statements as offset by Engineering and Equipment costs, not as revenue). The Company believes this would be applicable for all other existing steel mills.
Tank De-Sander
The Companys tank de-sanding technology removes residual sand from oil tanks. Special tanks are used at well sites as part of an initial process that removes impurities from oil. It is anticipated that the Companys technology may function in a manner that would reduce overhead costs presently incurred when de-sanding oil tanks.
Hydrogen Technology
8
On January 29, 2002, the Company acquired Hydrogen Solutions Inc. for a purchase price of 10.5 million common shares of the Company and 32.5% royalty based on net operating income relating to hydrogen production. The acquired company has the exclusive rights for specific applications of a process for the production of hydrogen from water called Gravitational Electrolysis. This process will require further research and development together with more testing in the future. The process, if proven, has the potential to reduce the cost of hydrogen production as compared to conventional methods.
Gravitational Electrolysis comprises a cylindrical vessel filled with a specially prepared electrolyte solution that is rotated at a very high speed. The centrifugal force generated within the vessel acts selectively upon positive and negative ions due to their different atomic weights. The rotation initiates an electric current that causes a self-electrolysis process, fuelled by water to create hydrogen and oxygen. The higher the rotational speed the more efficient the unit may become. Due to the facts that very little external electricity is consumed during the process and only water is required by the process, it is anticipated that the cost to produce hydrogen may be lower than the costs associated with related upgrading technologies in use today, in particular methane steam reforming. The Electrical Hydrogen Generator (EHG) is designed to operate on a continual basis to produce a H2/O2 gaseous product with continuous feed water and ambient heat exchange. The composition and function of the hydrogen technology presents some unique design and metallurgical challenges which the Company must overcome in order to market the technology.
Some of the inherent challenges in the technology are as follow:
| The application of the technology will require a supply of ultra-pure water to prevent scaling of the EHG and contamination of the electrolyte, as scaling and contamination may be detrimental to the successful performance of the unit. | ||
| In order to separate the H2/O2 internally the H2 must be of a purity of 99% or higher. | ||
| The process creates a gravitational field capable of separating ions. However, the selection of electrolyte and method to introduce water into the reaction zone may offer some challenges in that the ability to re-hydrate a specific ion without creating sludge may be difficult. |
The Company has constructed a prototype EHG unit for testing purposes. An initial test of the EHG was performed by the Company in 2002. This test did not produce the anticipated results. However, it is the intention of the Company to proceed with further testing upon a future date. At the present time no finances are being allotted to this project by the Company in the short-term.
Marketing of Micro-Technologies
The Oil/Water Separator, the Jet Pump, and the Tank Cleaner represent micro-technologies that have been developed out of larger projects. It is the Companys intention to market the micro-technologies as a source of revenue. The Company intends to bring these micro-technologies to market in the near future.
Revenues from Product Sales
The majority of the Companys products continue to be at the development stage and therefore are not producing revenues at this time.
9
The following table presents product revenues for the past three fiscal
years ended December 31 by source:
2002
2001
2000
$
30,100
$
1,124,343
400,000
$
30,100
$
1,524,343
A jet pump was sold in 2002 for $70,000 (this amount is not shown as revenue in the Consolidated Financial Statements because it is offset by Engineering and Equipment costs).
Capital Expenditures Relating to the Sale of Products
The Company is primarily involved in the development of its technologies for commercial application. Two full-time employees and two consultants were engaged in selling and marketing the Companys products during 2002.
The following table presents capital expenditures relating to the sale and
marketing of the Companys products for the past three fiscal years ended
December 31 by source:
2002
2001
2000
712,393
2,382,586
1,334,443
368,170
770,469
206,708
238,436
753,708
660,379
3,007,252
3,649,571
770,469
The Company does not intend to commit to any capital expenditures of any other nature, beyond expenditures necessary for the development and maintenance of its technologies, in the near future.
The Company anticipates that in the near future the oil-water separator will be its primary source of revenue with the upgrader being the largest potential contributor in the medium to long-term. The jet pump and tank de-sanding technology will be pursued by the Company to develop revenue as quickly as possible.
Geographic Markets
100% of the Companys revenues in fiscal years 2002, 2001 and 2000 were from Canada.
Intellectual Property Rights
The Company has 16 patent applications under review in Canada, the United States, Mexico, Venezuela, Brazil, Peru and Europe and has been granted 4 US patents, Patent nos. 6,074,549; 6,527,960; 6,588,601 and 6,125,865. Russian patent, Patent no. 2,339,938, has been assigned to the Company. The Company either owns or licenses the rights to all intellectual properties used in its products.
The Company has copyright and patent rights, which are necessary and contribute significantly to the preservation of its competitive position in the market. There can be no assurance that any of the aforementioned patents and other intellectual property will not be challenged, invalidated or circumvented by third parties. In the future, the Company may not be able to obtain necessary licenses on commercially reasonable terms. The Company enters into nondisclosure agreements with its suppliers and contractors and employees involved in the technical workings of the Company, as appropriate, so as to limit access to and disclosure of its proprietary information.
10
These measures may not suffice to deter misappropriation or independent third party development of similar technologies, which may adversely affect the Company.
Sales, Marketing and Distribution
The Company is presently involved in pursuing sales of its Oil/Water Separator Units. It is the Companys intention to apply any monies earned from sales of Oil/Water Separator Units to provide cash flow for the Companys ongoing operations. The Company is also pursuing testing of a variety of crudes, tar sands and catalysts at its upgrader facility on a fee-for-service basis. The Company is presently testing crude oil for a foreign oil company. The results of the test will be determined over the next several weeks. The Company will be further pursuing sales of jet pumps for steel mills and other potential markets.
The Company sold a jet pump unit to a Canadian steel mill in 2002 for $70,000 (this cost is not shown as revenue in the Consolidated Financial Statements, but is offset by Engineering and Equipment costs).
The Company intends to market the Companys products and license its technology throughout the worlds oil refining industry. To this end, the Company is currently involved in discussions and negotiations with a refinery in the United States regarding possible testing and purchases of its upgrader technology. However, the company has not restricted its efforts to North America. The Company is presently engaged in discussions with refining operations in Europe, Latin America, Asia, Africa and the Middle East.
During its fiscal year 2002, the Company had two full-time employees and two consultants engaged in sales and marketing products.
Competition
The Company is aware that several other companies may be presently pursuing the development of technologies in the oil and gas industry. The Company acknowledges that it is possible that some of these technologies may be similar in nature to the Companys products and technologies. Such companies, should they be involved in selling or developing the same technology as the Company, may be potential competitors of the Company.
Government Regulations
To managements knowledge, there are several government regulations that must be complied with by the Company. Failure to comply with government regulations could adversely affect the Companys business. Certain government regulations require the imposition of standards that are normally a part of industry knowledge, and as such, would be understood and acted upon by the Company in the normal course of doing business.
Plan of Operation
No material changes are expected in the Companys plan of operations in the fiscal year 2003. The Company intends to continue to focus on marketing and developing its products in the immediate future.
C. Organizational structure.
The Company does not have any wholly-owned subsidiaries.
D. Property, plant and equipment.
Human Resources and Facilities
The Company presently has three main areas of operation, an office in Edmonton, Alberta, an office in Calgary, Alberta and a research and development site located at Two Hills, Alberta.
11
The Company has four employees based at its office in Edmonton, Alberta and hires other outside consultants as required. The Company leases 8,300 square feet, 4,400 of which it rents to another company. The Company uses its Edmonton office for Research and Development.
The Company has two employees and one consultant based at its office in Calgary, Alberta. The Company leases 2,318 square feet. The Company uses its Calgary office for corporate administration.
The Company has six employees based at its facilities located in Two Hills, Alberta. The Company uses its Two Hills facilities for Research and Development and client demonstrations.
There are no present plans to construct, expand, or improve the Companys facilities.
Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects
Forward-Looking Statements
Statements in this report, or any document filed by the Company with the different governing authorities, by or on behalf of the Company, to the extent not directly and exclusively based on historical events, constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reforms Act of 1995, Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. These statements represent the Companys intentions, plans, expectations, and beliefs, and no assurance can be given that the results described in such statements will be achieved.
Forward-looking statements include, without limitation, statements evaluating market and general economic conditions in the following sections, and statements regarding future-oriented revenues, costs and expenditures. Investors are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which reflect managements analysis only as of the date thereof. These forward-looking statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially. Such risks and uncertainties with respect to the Company include the effects of general economic conditions, changing foreign exchange rates and actions by government authorities, uncertainties associated with legal proceedings and negotiations, industry supply levels, competitive pricing pressures and misjudgments in the course of preparing forward-looking statements.
The Company disclaims any intention or obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
A. Operating results
Overview
The Companys financial statements are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in Canada, which conform in all material respects with US generally accepted accounting principles except as disclosed in Note 14 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, and are presented in Canadian dollars unless otherwise indicated. All references in this report to financial information concerning the Company refer to such information in accordance with US generally accepted accounting principles and all dollar amounts in this report are in Canadian dollars unless otherwise indicated.
The following discussion and analysis provides a review of activities, results of operations, cash flows and financial condition of the Company for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2002 (FY2002) in comparison with those for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2001 (FY2001) and for the three months ended March 31, 2003 in comparison with those for the three months ended March 31, 2002. This discussion should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements.
The Company is actively involved in the development and commercial applications of its proprietary technologies. These include specifically the hydrogen addition heavy oil upgrader, two and three phase separators,
12
oil tank maintenance, jet pump technology and oil sands extraction process. The Companys mini-upgrader facility has been moved to Two Hills, Alberta from Kerrobert, Saskatchewan.
At December 31, 2002, the Company had incurred significant operating losses due to lack of revenue from processing crude oil through the Companys mini-upgrader. The working capital situation has been improved through raised equity and through a two-year extension of a corporate loan for $2,300,000 until January 12, 2005 (see Item 3.B Capitalization and indebtedness). Working capital was further enhanced subsequent to year-end due to the Companys debt for share program. Notwithstanding this improvement the future of the Company is dependent upon the ability of the Company to generate revenue, actions of its creditors and the ability to raise sufficient funds through equity issues and other means to pay its ongoing liabilities and to fund capital expenditure for commercial applications.
Upgrader operations were curtailed in 2002 because the Company was restricted from testing third party crude oil at the location of its upgrader at Kerrobert, Saskatchewan. This prevented the Company from generating revenue from testing of third party crude oil. During the year the Company was able to locate a satisfactory site at Two Hills, Alberta. This site is within 120 kilometres of the Companys operation located in Edmonton, Alberta. This site has power and gas readily available. A lapse in operations occurred in 2002 relating to the arrangement of the following: financing to move the upgrader, locate the Two Hills site, ensure site complied with all government regulations, comply with government regulations in moving the upgrader and hydrogen facility, dismantling and reassembling the upgrader, and testing the upgrader and hydrogen facility once reassembly was completed.
At December 31, 2002 and at March 31, 2003 the pilot upgrader was idle. Recovery of the upgrader and related patents and technology rights costs remain uncertain. Recovery of these costs depends on the development of commercial applications of the upgrader patents and technology rights and ultimately attaining profitable operations.
Net losses of the Company as of December 31, 2002 were $2,977,152 which were up from the prior year when net losses were $2,125,228 as of December 31, 2001.
For the three months ended March 31, 2003, the Company has net losses of
$834,572 or $0.01 per share on a fully diluted basis this is down from the net
loss amount of the three months ended March 31, 2002 during which period the
net losses were $905,310.
Results of Operations Year Ended December 31, 2002
Administrative Expenses
Administration expenses of $1,334,443 were incurred for the year ended
December 31, 2002 as were upgrader expenses of $712,393. During the same
period in 2001 administration expenses of $368,170 were incurred as were
upgrader expenses of $2,382,586. The difference in expenses is directly
related to the fact that the upgrader experienced a long period of down-time
during 2002 while it was being moved from the Kerrobert, Saskatchewan location
to the Two Hills, Alberta location. When the upgrader is running the Companys
engineers work at the upgrader site, thereby reducing administration expense
and increasing the cost to upgrader operations.
As at December 31, 2002, the total $1,334,443 administration expenses
incurred during that period were allotted as follows: $263,525 went to office
expense including rent, telephones, utilities, travel etc.; while over $152,968
went to legal costs related to private placements, patent protection and
various contracts; and another $133,688 was incurred for accounting and other
professional fees. Shareholder service costs for exchanges and registrations
fees were $34,540. Total salaries of $478,680 were paid to the full-time staff
of the Company (the Chairman and President did not receive any financial
remuneration). Business development costs was $154,407 with insurance costing
$64,761. The remainder of the costs were for shareholder services, consultants
and miscellaneous expenses.
The upgrader costs were basically for moving, refurbishing, and
dismantling and reassembly of the upgrader and adjoining hydrogen production
facility.
13
As of December 31, 2002 administration expenses of $400,884 were incurred
on continuing operations, as opposed to $499,085 during the comparable period
in 2002.
Acquisition Expenses
On January 29, 2002, the Company acquired Hydrogen Solutions Inc. for a
purchase price of 10.5 million common shares of the Company and 32.5% royalty
based on net operating income relating to hydrogen production. The acquired
company has the exclusive rights for specific applications of a process for the
production of hydrogen from water called Gravitational Electrolysis. This
process will require further research and development together with more
testing in the future. The process, if proven, has the potential to reduce the
cost of hydrogen production as compared to conventional methods.
During March 2002, the Company purchased patent rights for an existing
commercial three-phase oil water separator for 700,000 common shares of the
Company at a deemed price of $0.22 per share. This unit was retrofitted during
the year with computer measuring and flow equipment and is functioning at the
Companys Two Hills facility.
Results of Operations Three Months ended March 31, 2003
Overview
During the three months ending March 31, 2003, the Company focused its
efforts on securing a commercial application for its heavy oil upgrading
technology and raising capital to fund its operations by way of a capital stock
private placement. The upgrader remained idle at the end of the three month
period ended March 31, 2003.
Administration Expenses
Administration expenses were lower during the three month period ending
March 31, 2003, at $400,884 than they were for the same period the year before,
at $499,085. As has been discussed in reference to the year end results, the
difference in expenses is directly related to the fact that the upgrader
experienced a period of down-time during the first three months of 2003. When
the upgrader is running the Companys engineers work at the upgrader site,
thereby reducing administration expense and increasing the cost to upgrader
operations.
Marketing and Development Expenses
Marketing and development costs relating to the Companys technologies,
classified as Upgrader operations, incurred were $215,321. For the same period
the previous year the costs for the pilot upgrader were lower, at $167,820.
Interest
Interest expenses of $49,380 for the three month period ending March 31,
2003 were lower than the interest expenses of $53,072 incurred during the same
period the year before. The lower interest expenses of 2003 is evidence of
minor interest earned on cash balances being netted against the interest
charges accrued on the note payable (see Item 3.B Capitalization and
indebtedness).
B.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
General
To date the Company has not attained commercial operations from its
various patents and technology rights. The future of the Company will depend
upon its ability to continue to maintain the support of its note holder,
complete field tests of the upgrader, complete further field tests of the
generation of hydrogen from water, complete field test of its three phase
oil-water separator, raise sufficient capital to fund operating and capital
expenditures and
14
ultimately attain profitable operations. A failure to continue as a going
concern would require that stated amounts of assets and liabilities be
reflected on a liquidation basis, which would differ from the going concern
basis.
Liquidity and Capital Resources Year ended December 31, 2002
The Companys cash flow from operations for the fiscal year ended December
31, 2002 was negative $2,243,677 or $(0.02) per share and is expected to be
negative in the near term. The Company funded this operating loss and capital
expenditures from capital stock offerings. In that regard the Company issued
26,793,467 common shares through private placements to raise $3,135,807.
For the year 2002 cash used in operations was $2,243,677. This is an
increase from the cash used in the same period in 2001, which was $1,117,877.
The difference in cash use is directly linked to a lack of revenue experienced
during 2002 due to the inability to utilize the Companys upgrader at
Kerrobert, Saskatchewan and the one time sale of shares resulting in a gain of
$400,000. Operations were funded by two private placement offerings, the first
being at 18 cents per common share and the second at 10 cents per common shares
with the company issuing 26,793,467 shares raising $3,135,807.
Liquidity and Capital Resources Three Months ended March 31, 2003
The Companys cash flow from operations for the three-month period ending
March 31, 2003 was negative $608,275 or $(0.01) per share and is expected to be
negative in the near term. The Company proposes to fund its future capital
expenditures and debt repayment through capital stock offerings or by
generating revenue through the sale of its technologies or royalties.
On May 21, 2003, the Company announced its intention to conduct a
non-brokered private placement of up to 6,000,000 common shares of the Company
at a price of $0.10 per share.
On June 4, 2003, the Company concluded an arrangement with its note holder
that extended the maturity date of the $2,300,000 secured term loan to January
12, 2005 from December 31, 2002 (see Item 3.B Capitalization and
indebtedness).
C.
Research and development, patents and licenses, etc.
See Item 5. Operating resultsResearch and Development Expenses.
D.
Trend information.
The Company believes that progress towards commercialization of its
technologies will result in providing the capital necessary to emerge from its
historical financial predicament and attain profitable operations. To support
the Companys ongoing marketing efforts, all discretionary expenses are
thoroughly scrutinized and non-essential expenditures have been eliminated.
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees
A. Directors and senior management.
The following are the directors and officers of the Company, their residence, their principal occupations within the past five years, and the periods during which each has served in such capacity.
15
Percentage of
Securities Owned or
Controlled by
Name and Office Held
Principal Occupation For Past Five Years
Director Since
Directors
Thomas F. Bugg
President and
Director
Calgary, Alberta
1998 to present: President and Director
of Genoil Inc.
March 5, 1998
3.81%
1998 to 2003: Chief Executive Officer
of Genoil Inc.
1988 to present: Chairman, President
and Director of Geopetrol International
1988 to 2000: Chairman, President,
Chief Executive Officer and Director of
Beau Canada Exploration Ltd.
Harley Mintz
Director
Toronto, Ontario
1978 to present: Managing Partner of
Mintz & Partners
March 5, 1998
0.05%
David K. Lifschultz*
Chairman
and Director
Larchmont, New York
2003 to present: Chief Executive
Officer of Genoil Inc.
February 25, 2002
20.34%
2001 to present: Chairman of the board
of directors of Genoil Inc.
1987 to present: President and Chief
Executive Officer of Lifschultz
Terminal and Leasing, Inc.
1991 to 2000: Chairman and Chief
Executive Officer of Lifschultz
Industries, Inc.
John
ODonnell
Director
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
1980 to present: Managing Director of
Electro-Mechanical Systems
International.
May 20, 2003
0.35%
1989 to 1998: President of Electrical
Marketing Services, Inc. (Hawaii)
1998 to 2001: Executive Vice President
of Global Hydrocarbons
Lawrence Lifschultz*
Director
Stoney Creek, Connecticut
1998 to present: Fellow of Yale Center
of International & Area Studies, Yale
University
January 13, 2003
2.37%
1975 to present: South Asia
Correspondent for the Far Eastern
Economic Review (Hong Kong)
16
Percentage of
Securities Owned or
Controlled by
Name and Office Held
Principal Occupation For Past Five Years
Director Since
Directors
Jose Lourenco
Vice President Engineering
Edmonton, Alberta
2001 to present: Vice President
Engineering of Genoil Inc.
N/A
0.45%
1999 to 2000: Vice President of
Engineering of CE3 Technologies Inc.
1998: Manager of Engineering of CE3
Technologies Inc.
Hannu Salokangas
Process Control Senior
Engineer
Edmonton, Alberta
2001 to present: Process Control Senior
Engineer and Project Manager of Genoil
Inc.
N/A
0.45%
1999 to 2000: Senior Process Control
Manager and Project Manager of CE3
Technologies Inc.
1998: Division Manager of
Instrumentation and Analysis of Neste
Engineering OY (Finland)
Donald M. Boykiw
Corporate
Secretary
Calgary, Alberta
1998 to present: Corporate Secretary of
Genoil Inc.
N/A
0%
1998 to present: Partner with Bennett
Jones LLP
* | David K. Lifschultz and Lawrence Lifschultz are brothers. |
B. Compensation.
Compensation of Directors
The directors of the Company do not receive compensation for their services other than share options.
The total compensation accrued and/or paid to senior management for fiscal 2002 was nil, including the Chairman, President & Chief Executive Officer, and Chief Operating Officer.
No pension, retirement or similar benefits are given to senior management, or officers of the Company.
Share Options granted to Directors and Officers for the fiscal year January 1, 2002 to December 31, 2002 are as follow:
17
Share Options Granted to Directors and Officers
for the Fiscal Year of
January 1, 2002 to December 31, 2002
Common Share
Options
Granted
Exercise
Expiry
Name
2002
Price
Date
David K. Lifschultz Chairman and Director
200,000
100,000
300,000
$
$
$
0.20
0.20
0.10
Jan 2/07
Feb 25/07
Jul 25/07
Thomas F. Bugg President & Chief Executive Officer, and Director
300,000
$
0.10
Jul 25/07
Alfred Oxenfeldt Director
100,000
100,000
$
$
0.20
0.10
Feb 25/07
Jul 25/07
Jose Lourenco Vice President Engineering
250,000
500,000
$
$
0.10
0.10
Sept. 30/07
Oct. 29/07
Hannu Salokangas Process Control Senior Engineer
250,000
500,000
$
$
0.10
0.10
Sept. 30/07
Oct. 29/07
All share options were granted in lieu of salary.
C. Board practices.
Directors are elected annually to the Board at the Annual General Meeting of the Company. No Director has a service contract with the Company.
Duties and Obligations of the Board of Directors
The general duty of the Board of Directors of the Company is to oversee the management of the business and affairs of the Company. In particular, the Board of Directors is responsible for the following matters:
(a) adopting a strategic planning process for the Company which establishes the Companys long-term goals and strategies, and monitoring the success of the Companys management in achieving those goals and implementing the strategy;
(b) identifying the principal risks with respect to all aspects of the Companys business, ensuring that there are systems in place to effectively monitor and manage such risks with a view to the long-term viability of the Company, and achieving a proper balance between the risks incurred and the potential return to the Companys members;
(c) engaging in succession planning, including appointing, training and monitoring senior management (which includes ensuring that objectives are in place against which managements performance can be measured), establishing and maintaining programs to train and develop management, providing for the orderly succession of management, and assessing the performance and contribution of the Chief Executive Officer of the Company against mutually established objectives;
(d) ensuring that the Company has a policy in place to enable it to communicate effectively with its shareholders, other stakeholders and the general public, effectively interpreting the operations of the Company to shareholders, accommodating feedback from shareholders, and ensuring that there are effective controls and information systems in place for the Board of Directors to discharge its responsibilities, such as an audit system
18
which can inform the Board of Directors about the integrity of the data and the compliance of the financial information with appropriate accounting principles.
Composition of the Board of Directors
The Board of Directors is currently composed of five persons: Thomas Bugg, Harley Mintz, David Lifschultz, Lawrence Lifschultz and John ODonnell. All of the directors other than Mr. Bugg and Mr. David Lifschultz are considered by the Board to be unrelated directors. The Toronto Stock Exchange Guidelines describe an unrelated director as a director who is independent of management and is free from any interest and any business or other relationship which could, or could reasonably be perceived to, materially interfere with the directors ability to act with a view to the best interests of the Company, other than interests and relationships arising from shareholdings. In determining whether a director is an unrelated director, the Board considers, for example, whether the director has a relationship that could, or could be perceived to, interfere with the directors ability to objectively assess the performance of management. On this basis, Thomas Bugg, by reason of his office as President and Chief Operating Officer, and David Lifschultz, by reason by his shareholdings (20.3%) and his office as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, are considered related directors.
Committees of the Board of Directors
There are currently two committees of the Board of Directors. The Audit Committee is comprised of three directors, one of whom is an officer of the Company. The Compensation Committee is comprised all five directors. The mandate and activities of each committee are as follows:
Audit Committee: The Audit Committee currently consists of John ODonnell, Harley Mintz and David Lifschultz. The responsibilities of the Audit Committee include:
(a) assisting the directors with meeting their responsibilities with respect to financial reporting;
(b) reviewing and reporting to the Board of Directors on all audited financial statements prepared by the Company and enhancing the credibility and objectivity of all financial reports;
(c) reviewing with management and with the external auditor any proposed changes in major accounting policies, in the presentation and impact of significant risks and uncertainties, and in key estimates and judgments of management that may be material to financial reporting;
(d) questioning management and the external auditor regarding significant financial reporting issues discussed during the fiscal period and the method of resolution;
(e) reviewing any problems experienced by the external auditor in performing the audit, including any restrictions imposed by management or significant accounting issues on which there was a disagreement with management; and
(f) reviewing the post-audit or management letters containing the recommendations of the external auditor and managements response, and following up any identified weaknesses.
Compensation Committee: The Compensation Committee currently consists of Thomas Bugg, Harley Mintz, David Lifschultz, Lawrence Lifschultz and John ODonnell. The responsibilities of the Compensation Committee are to review the adequacy and form of compensation of directors, senior management, and to supervise the administration of the employees stock option plan.
Decisions Requiring the Prior Approval of the Board of Directors
Each committee of the Board of Directors makes recommendations to the Board on an ongoing basis. Generally, recommendations from a committee of the Board of Directors require the approval of the full Board before they are implemented.
19
D. Employees.
At March 31, 2003, there were a total of 11 employees working for the Company. The Company has no labor unions and no temporary staff.
E. Share ownership.
There were 141,948,050 common shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2002 and 143,456,447 common shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2003. Information as to share and option information for directors, officers and key employees are discussed above in Item 6. A Directors and Senior Management and in Item 6. B Compensation.
The Company has established a stock option plan with the objective of advancing the interests of the Company by encouraging and enabling the acquisition of a share interests in the Company by its directors, officers, employees and consultants, in accordance with the policies and rules of the applicable regulatory authorities. Information as to the details of the Companys stock option plan are discussed in Item 10.A Stock option plans.
Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions
A. Major shareholders.
The following table sets forth information as of March 31, 2003, with
respect to each person known to the Company to own more than 5% of the
Companys common shares. As used in this table, beneficial ownership means
the sole or shared power to vote or direct the voting or to dispose or direct
the disposition of any security. For purposes of this table, a person is deemed
to be the beneficial owner of securities that can be acquired within 60 days
from March 31, 2002, through the exercise of any option or warrant. Shares
subject to options or warrants that are currently exercisable or exercisable
within 60 days are deemed outstanding for computing the ownership percentage of
the person holding such options or warrants, but are not deemed outstanding for
computing the ownership percentage of any other person. The amounts and
percentages are based upon 143,456,447 common shares issued and outstanding as
of March 31, 2002.
Percentage of Share
Identity of Person
Number of Shares
Stock Beneficially
Class of Share
or Group
Beneficially Owned
Owned
David Lifschultz
29,262,913
20.3
%
David Lifschultz exercises control over an additional 2,501,857 common shares as a trustee and through a company which he owns.
David Lifschultz has acquired his shareholdings during the past three years through companies under his control and personally by way of a series of purchases on the open market and private placement subscriptions made for the purpose of providing financial assistance to the Company so as to ensure the Company continues to meet its financial obligations.
To the best of the Companys knowledge, the Company is not directly owned or controlled by another corporation, by any foreign government or by any natural or legal person.
B. Related party transactions.
The following is a description of the related party transactions that have occurred during the preceding three financial years up until March 31, 2003.
During the three-month periods ended March 31, 2003 and 2002 a company controlled by an officer and director provided technical and administrative services to the Company. No fees were charged for these services.
20
In May 2003, the Company issued 640,800 common shares ranging from $0.10 to $0.13 per share to pay $78,455.78 of accounts payable. Of the shares issued, 192,307 and 74,208 were issued to a company controlled by an officer of the Company and to a company controlled by a director of the Company, respectively.
In March 2003, the Company issued 1,508,397 common shares ranging from $0.10 to $0.13 per share to pay $177,172 of accounts payable. Of the shares issued, 313,860, 303,765 and 74,208 were issued to an employee of the Company, to a company controlled by an officer of the Company and to a company controlled by a director of the Company, respectively.
In 2002 companies controlled by a director and officer and an employee advanced the Company $4,802 (2001 $28,459; 2000 $51,930).
In 2000 the Company paid $23,094,368 due to Beau Canada by the issuance of 10,000,000 common shares and a 3% royalty on the Companys future revenues. As a result, the $23,093,369 liability to Beau Canada was reflected as $2,000,000 of share capital and $21,093,369 of contributed surplus.
In 2002, 2001 and 2000 a company controlled by an officer and director provided technical and administrative services to the Company. No fees were charged for these services.
In 2000 Beau Canada advanced $8,407,783 (1999 $12,852,753) to fund activities, charged management fees of $321,000 (1999 $642,000) and charged interest of $nil (1999 $501,748).
In May 2000 the Company sold a subsidiary to Beau Canada for cash consideration of $1,400,000. The transaction, measured at the exchange amount, approximates fair value.
In August 2000 Beau Canada distributed 61,600,000 shares of the Company (its entire holdings) to the shareholders of Beau Canada.
There are no other related party transactions other than those described above.
Transactions with Affiliates, Directors or Officers
The Companys policy for transactions with affiliates is that they must be on terms no less favorable to the Company than could be obtained from unaffiliated third parties.
In the case of transactions involving a director, any of the Companys directors who, in any way, whether directly or indirectly, has an interest in a proposed contract or transaction with the Company, must disclose the nature and extent of his interest to the Companys Board and abstain from voting on the approval of the proposed contract or transaction. If he or she fails to do so, he or she must account to the Company for any profit made as a consequence of the Company entering into the contract or transaction, unless the contract was fair and reasonable to the Company at the time it was entered into, and after full disclosure of the nature and extent of his or her interest, it is approved by the Companys shareholders by way of a resolution passed by a majority of not less than two-thirds of the votes cast at a duly convened shareholders meeting. In addition, any of the Companys directors and officers who holds any office or possesses any property whereby, whether directly or indirectly, duties or interests might be created in conflict with his or her duties or interests as a director or officer, must disclose that fact and the nature and extent of the conflict. In the case of a director, the disclosure must be made at a Board meeting.
In the case of transactions involving an officer, the disclosure must be made in writing to the Companys President. Since the Companys President is required by law to be a director, his or her disclosure is required to be made at a Board meeting.
C. Interests of experts and counsel.
Not applicable.
21
Item 8. Financial Information
A. Consolidated statements and other financial information.
Please see Item 17 Financial Statements for a list of the financial statements filed as part of this registration statement.
In the fiscal year 2002, the Company did not receive revenue from exports.
The Company has neither declared nor paid dividends on any of its outstanding common shares, and does not intend to do so in the foreseeable future. The Company intends to retain any future earnings to finance the expansion of its business. Any future determination to pay dividends will be at the discretion of the Board of Directors of the Company and will be dependent upon the Companys earnings, capital requirements and financial position, as well as any other factors deemed relevant by the Board of Directors.
B. Significant changes.
There have been no significant changes following the close of the last financial year up to the date of this registration statement that are known to us, that require disclosure in this registration statement and for which disclosure was not made in this registration statement.
Item 9. The Offer and Listing
A. Offer and listing details.
The Company expects to apply to The Nasdaq Stock Market, Inc. to have its issued outstanding common shares without par value quoted for trading on the OTC Bulletin Board quotation service under the symbol GNO. The issued and outstanding common shares of the Company (143,456,447 shares as of March 31, 2003) are listed and posted for trading on TSX Venture Exchange under the trading symbol GNO. The Companys common shares are registered shares.
The following is a summary of the trading history (in Canadian dollars) of the common shares of the Company on the TSX Venture Exchange for:
| the annual high and low market prices for the five most recent full financial years; | ||
| the quarterly high and low market prices for the two most recent full financial years and any subsequent period; and | ||
| the high and low monthly market prices for the most recent six months. |
Price per share | ||||||||
|
||||||||
Year | High | Low | ||||||
|
|
|
||||||
Fiscal year ended December 31, 1999
|
$ | 0.65 | $ | 0.12 | ||||
Fiscal year ended December 31, 2000
|
$ | 1.05 | $ | 0.04 | ||||
Fiscal year ended December 31, 2001
|
$ | 0.50 | $ | 0.06 | ||||
Fiscal year ended December 31, 2002
|
$ | 0.28 | $ | 0.06 |
Quarter | High | Low | |||||||
|
|
|
|||||||
Fiscal year ended December 31, 2001
|
|||||||||
First Quarter
|
$ | 0.23 | $ | 0.08 | |||||
Second Quarter
|
$ | 0.50 | $ | 0.06 |
22
B.
Plan of distribution.
Quarter
High
Low
$
0.49
$
0.22
$
0.37
$
0.14
$
0.28
$
0.17
$
0.21
$
0.16
$
0.18
$
0.06
$
0.15
$
0.08
Most Recent Six Months
High
Low
$
0.15
$
0.09
$
0.17
$
0.12
$
0.15
$
0.12
$
0.16
$
0.11
$
0.25
$
0.12
$
0.20
$
0.17
Not applicable.
C. Markets.
The Companys common shares are not listed for trading on an exchange or in other markets outside Canada. Following the effectiveness of this registration statement, the Company expects to list the common shares on the OTC Bulletin Board quotation service. The Company will ask, but has not yet received authorization to use the symbol GNO; there can be no assurance it will be able to use the symbol.
D. Selling shareholders.
Not applicable.
E. Dilution.
Not applicable.
F. Expenses of the issue.
Not applicable.
Item 10. Additional Information
A. Share capital.
As of December 31, 2002, the Company had 141,948,050 voting common shares without par value issued and outstanding. As of March 31, 2003 the Company had 143,456,447 voting common shares without par value issued and outstanding.
All of the issued and outstanding shares of the Company are fully paid and non-assessable.
23
The authorized capital of the Company consists of an unlimited number of common shares without par value. Only the holders of common shares are entitled to receive a notice of or attend and vote at any meetings of the shareholders of the Company.
Share Capital
for the years of 2001 and 2003 and
the first three months of 2003
3 month period ended
March 31, 2003
Dec 31, 2002
2001
2000
Issued
Number
of
Common Shares
Amount $
Number of
Common Shares
Amount $
Number of
Common Shares
Amount $
Number of
Common Shares
Amount $
141,948,050
$
10,821,762
103,454,585
$
5,246,806
91,340,368
$
18,916,908
70,571,180
$
14,247,948
499,998
50,000
455,250
85,040
26,793,467
3,135,807
12,114,217
1,280,882
1,313,938
783,920
10,000,000
2,000,000
9,000,000
1,800,000
1,508,397
182,372
11,200,000
2,359,000
30,149
(14,950,984
)
143,456,447
$
11,004,134
141,948,050
$
10,821,762
103,454,585
$
5,246,806
91,340,368
$
18,916,908
The Company does not hold any shares of its capital stock as Treasury stock.
Warrants
During 1999, the Company issued 12,000,000 share purchase warrants in connection with a private placement. Each share purchase warrant allows the holder to acquire one common share of the company at an exercise price of $0.10 per share. The warrants expire on February 12, 2004.
To date, 237,500 share purchase warrants have been exercised. At December 31, 2002, there are 11,262,500 outstanding share purchase warrants that may still be exercised.
No one has preferential subscription rights to the capital of the Company.
Stock option plans
The Company has established a stock option plan with the objective of advancing the interests of the Company by encouraging and enabling the acquisition of a share interests in the Company by its directors, officers, employees and consultants, in accordance with the policies and rules of the applicable regulatory authorities (the Option Plan). Pursuant to the Option Plan, the Board may, by resolution, grant to directors, officers, employees and consultants of the Company options to purchase common shares of the Company (the Options). The exercise price at which Common Shares may be purchased pursuant to an Option Plan is established by the Board at the time such Option is granted, subject to the regulatory requirements of applicable regulatory authorities. The term and vesting conditions of each Option may be fixed by the Board when the Option is granted, but the term may not exceed 10 years from the date upon which the Option is granted. The maximum number of Common Shares that may be reserved for issuance pursuant to Options granted under the Plan is presently fixed at 10,000,000 and the
24
maximum number of Common Shares that may be options to any one person at any one time is 5% of the total number of Common Shares issued and outstanding on the date of the grant. Both the number of Common Shares under option and the exercise price of Options may be adjusted upon the occurrence of any one of a number of specified dilutive or anti-dilutive events.
As of December 31, 2002, a total of 9,499,998 common shares are available for granting under the plan. Any shareholder who is an insider of the Company or an associate of an insider is not permitted to vote on such resolution. The exercise price of options granted pursuant to the plans may not be less than the market price of the common shares at the time of the grant.
The Company has 9,320,002 options outstanding at December 31, 2002, of which approximately 3,000,000 options are held by employees and the remainder are held by the Directors and external third parties.
A summary of the status of the Companys stock option plans is as follows:
2002
2001
Weighted average
Weighted average
Number of options
exercise price
Number of options
exercise price
6,300,000
$0.14
2,500,000
$0.19
3,600,000
0.12
3,800,000
0.10
600,000
0.20
(680,000
)
0.10
(499,998
)
0.10
9,320,002
0.13
6,300,000
$0.14
A summary of the Companys stock options which are outstanding and vested
at March 31, 2003, is as follows:
Range of
Number Outstanding at
Exercise Prices
March 31, 2003
Expiry Dates
1,540,002
May 4, 2006
300,000
January 2, 2007
200,000
February 25, 2007
50,000
March 11, 2007
700,000
July 25, 2007
1,400,000
September 30, 2007
1,050,000
October 29, 2007
1,800,000
January 29, 2008
7,040,002
An additional 600,000 options were granted at an exercise price of $0.19 per share with an expiry date of June 30, 2006, as compensation for two Investor Relations contracts entered by the Company. 300,000 of these options vested upon the commencement of the contract and the remaining 300,000 will vest upon December 31, 2003.
Shares issuances during the past three years
No changes have been made to the classes of shares in the past three years. Changes relating to Stock Option Plans and Warrants are itemized previously in this section.
25
B. Memorandum and articles of association.
The Company resulted from the amalgamation under the Canada Business Corporations Act of Genoil Inc. and Continental Fashions Group Inc., a public company whose shares traded on the Alberta Stock Exchange. At the time of the merger CFG had no assets, no liabilities and did not carry on any business. The Company was incorporated in April of 1996 under Certificate of Incorporation no. 324649-3. In June of 1996, the Company amended and altered its Memorandum and Articles of Association. This amendment was made to facilitate a reorganization of the share capital of the Company in accordance with the amalgamation referenced above.
The Memorandum and Articles of Association are subject to all the provisions of the Canadian Business Corporations Act (the CBCA). The CBCA provides that a company incorporated under that Act has all the powers and capacities of a natural person. The CBCA further stipulates that a company must not carry on a business that its articles prohibit. Thus, the Company has the power and capacity of a natural person.
The following brief description of provisions of the CBCA, the Companys amended and restated articles of incorporation and its by-laws does not purport to be complete and is subject in all respects to the provisions of the CBCA, the Companys restated articles of incorporation and its by-laws.
Directors Conflicts of Interest
Section 120 of the CBCA requires every director of the Company who is, in any way, directly or indirectly, interested in a proposed material contract or transaction of the Company, to disclose the nature and extent of the directors interest in writing or by requesting to have it entered in the minutes of the meeting of directors or of meetings of committees of directors:
The CBCA further provides that a director or officer of the Company who is required to disclose an interest may not vote on any resolution to approve the contract or transaction unless the contract or transaction, (i) relates primarily to the directors or officers remuneration as a director, officer, employee or agent of the Company or an affiliate, (ii) is for indemnity or insurance for the director against liability incurred by the director or officer acting in his or her capacity as director or officer of the Company, or (iii) is with an affiliate.
Borrowing Powers
Section 3.1 of the by-laws of the Company state that the board of directors has the borrowing powers provided by the law.
Directors
The number of directors shall be not less than one and not more than nine. The number of directors may be determined from time to time by an ordinary resolution of the shareholders passed at a duly convened general meeting. A director is not required to own any shares of the Company to be qualified to serve as a director. A director is not required to retire under any age-limit requirement.
Upon the termination of each annual general meeting, all the directors are deemed to retire. The number of directors to be elected at any such meeting will be the number of directors then in office unless the directors or shareholders otherwise determine.
If the shareholders remove any director before the expiration of his or her period of office and appoint another person in his or her place, that person so appointed shall hold office only during the remainder of the time that the director in whose place he or she is appointed would have held the office if he or she had not been removed. If the shareholders do not appoint another director to replace the removed director the vacancy may be filled by the directors.
The directors, or any committee of directors, may take any action required or permitted to be taken by them and may exercise any of the authorities, powers and discretions for the time being vested in or exercisable by them by
26
way of a resolution either passed at a meeting at which a quorum is present or consented to in writing under the applicable section of the CBCA.
The directors may appoint a president, one or more vice-presidents, a secretary, a treasurer and other officers as determined by the board, including assistants to the board. The directors may specify the duties of and delegate powers to manage the business and affairs of the Company to these officers. The Company may also appoint a chairman of the board, who must also be a director, and assign the powers and duties assigned to the managing director or president, under the by-laws, or other powers and duties.
Rights Attached to Shares
The following is a description of the rights, preferences, and restrictions attached to each class of the Companys shares:
(a) Unlimited Common shares Each Common share carries the right to one vote at any meeting of shareholders of the Company. Dividends are payable on the Common shares in the discretion of the Board of Directors. In the event of the liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the Company or any distribution of its assets for the purpose of winding up its affairs, the Common shares shall be entitled to receive the remaining property of the Company. The Common shares are not redeemable at the option of the Company or the holders. There are no sinking fund provisions respecting the Common shares. The holders of the Common shares are not liable for any further capital calls on such shares.
Alteration of the Rights of Shareholders
No rights, privileges or restrictions attached to the common shares of the Company may be altered except with the approval by resolution passed by the vote of the holders of not less than 75% of the votes in value of the voting shares then outstanding and of at least 75% in value of shares of a class or series of shares.
There are no limitations in the Companys charter on the rights of non-resident or foreign owners to hold Common Shares of the Company.
Shareholders Meetings
The CBCA requires the directors of the Company to call an annual general meeting of shareholders not later than fifteen months after the last annual general meeting and no later than six months after the end of the Companys preceding financial year. The directors may, whenever they think fit, convene an special meeting.
Notice of a meeting must specify the time and place of a meeting, and, in case of special business, the general nature of that business and the text of any resolution. The accidental omission to give notice of any meeting to, or the non-receipt of any notice by any of the shareholders entitled to receive notice do not invalidate any proceedings at that meeting.
All business that is transacted at a special meeting, an annual meeting of shareholders, with the exception of consideration of the financial statement, auditors report election of directors, re-appointment of the incumbent auditor is deemed to be special business.
The Companys Articles stipulate that business shall be conducted at any general meeting if there is quorum present at the opening of the meeting not withstanding that there ceases to be a quorum present throughout the meeting. A quorum is shareholders entitled to vote or proxyholders thereof representing more than 10% of the outstanding shares of the Company entitled to vote at the meeting.
The Articles stipulate that the Chairman of the Board, or in his absence, the Managing Director of the Company, or in his absence the President of the Company shall preside as chairman of every general meeting.
27
Unless the directors otherwise determine, the instrument appointing a proxyholder shall be deposited at a place specified for that purpose in the notice convening the meeting, not less than forty-eight hours before the time for holding the meeting at which the proxyholder proposes to vote.
Notice of every general meeting should be sent to:
(a) each director;
(b) the auditor of the Company;
(c) every shareholder entered in the securities registrar as the holder of a share or shares carrying the right to vote at such meetings on the record date or, if no record date was established by the directors, on the date of mailing such notice; and
(d) every person upon whom the ownership of a share devolves by reason of his being a legal personal representative or a trustee in bankruptcy of a shareholder where the shareholder, but for his death or bankruptcy, would be entitled to vote.
No other person is entitled to receive notice of general meetings.
C. Material contracts.
The Company has entered into no material contracts in the ordinary course of business for the two years preceding this registration statement.
D. Exchange controls.
There is no law or governmental decree or regulation in Canada that restricts the export or import of capital or affects the remittance of dividends, interest or other payments to a non-resident holder of Shares, other than withholding tax requirements. See Taxation.
E. Taxation.
The following summary of the material Canadian federal and U.S. federal income tax considerations generally applicable in respect of the holding or disposing of Common Shares is provided by the Company. This summary does not address all possible tax consequences relating to an investment in the Common Shares of the Company. There may be provincial, territorial, state and local taxes applicable to a potential shareholder, depending on the shareholders particular circumstances, which are not addressed in this summary. The tax consequences to any particular holder, including a U.S. Holder of Common Shares (defined below) will vary according to the status of that holder as an individual, trust, corporation, or member of a partnership, the jurisdiction in which the holder is subject to taxation, the place where the holder is resident and generally, according to the holders particular circumstances.
U.S. Holder of Common Shares
References to a U.S. Holder of Common Shares in this section include individuals, corporations, trusts or estates who are holders of Common Shares and who:
| for purposes of the Income Tax Act (Canada) (the ITA) and the Canada-United States Income Tax Convention (1980), as amended by the protocol signed on July 29, 1997, (the Treaty) are residents of the U.S. and have never been residents of Canada; | ||
| for purposes of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (the Code) are U.S. persons; | ||
| deal at arms length with the Company for purposes of the ITA; |
28
| will hold the Common Shares as capital property for purposes of the ITA; | ||
| will hold the Common Shares as capital assets for purposes of the Code; | ||
| do not and will not hold the Common Shares in carrying on a business in Canada; | ||
| will not perform independent personal services from a fixed base situated in Canada; and | ||
| are not or will not be subject to special provisions of Canadian or U.S. federal income tax law, including, without limiting the generality of the foregoing, financial institutions, real estate investment trusts, shareholders that have a functional currency other than the U.S. dollar, shareholders that own shares through a partnership or other pass-through entity, shareholders that hold shares as part of a straddle, hedge or conversion transaction, tax-exempt organizations, qualified retirement plans, insurance companies, shareholders who acquired their shares through the exercise of employee stock options or otherwise as compensation and mutual fund companies. |
The following summary of Canadian federal and U.S. federal income tax considerations generally applicable to a U.S. Holder of Common Shares of the Company is based on the following, as at the time of this statement:
| the ITA and the Income Tax Regulations (Canada) (the Regulations); | ||
| published proposals to amend the ITA and the Regulations; | ||
| published administrative positions and practices of the Canada Customs and Revenue Agency (the CCRA); | ||
| the Code; | ||
| Treasury Regulations; | ||
| published Internal Revenue Service (IRS) rulings; | ||
| published administrative positions of the IRS; | ||
| published jurisprudence that is considered applicable; and | ||
| the Treaty. |
All of the foregoing are subject to material or adverse change, on a prospective or retroactive basis, at any time. The tax laws of the various provinces or territories of Canada and the tax laws of the various state and local jurisdictions of the U.S. are not considered in this summary.
This summary is not exhaustive of all possible income tax consequences. The following discussion is for general information only and is not intended to be, nor should it be construed to be, legal or tax advice to any holder or prospective holder of Common Shares of the Company and no opinion or representation with respect to any such holder or prospective holder with respect to the income tax consequences to any such holder or prospective holder is made. Accordingly, holders and prospective holders of Common Shares of the Company should consult their own tax advisors about the Canadian federal and provincial and U.S. federal, state, local, and foreign tax consequences of purchasing, owning and disposing of Common Shares of the Company.
29
Canadian Federal Income Tax Consequences
Disposition of Common Shares
A U.S. Holder of Common Shares will not be subject to tax in Canada under the ITA on capital gains realized on the disposition of such Common Shares unless the shares are taxable Canadian property. Such Common Shares will be taxable Canadian property if, in general, at any time during the sixty month period immediately preceding the disposition, 25% or more of the Companys issued shares of any class (or an option to acquire 25% or more of the issued shares of any class) were owned by such holder, or by such holder and persons with whom such holder did not deal at arms length. If the Companys shares are taxable Canadian property to a U.S. Holder of Common Shares, 50% of any resulting capital gain realized on the disposition of such shares may be subject to tax in Canada. However, the Treaty provides that gains realized by a U.S. Holder of Common Shares on the disposition of shares of a Canadian corporation will be exempt from federal tax in Canada unless the value of the Canadian corporation is derived principally from real property situated in Canada.
Dividend Distributions on Shares of the Company
Dividends paid on the Companys Common Shares held by a U.S. Holder of Common Shares will be subject to Canadian non-resident withholding tax. The Company is required to withhold taxes at source. Under the Treaty, a withholding rate of 5% is applicable to corporations resident in the United States and who are beneficial owners of at least 10% of the voting shares of the Company. Under the Treaty, a withholding rate of 15% is applicable in all other cases.
United States Federal Income Tax Consequences
The U.S. federal income tax consequences related to the disposition and ownership of Common Shares, subject to the Foreign Personal Holding Company Rules, Passive Foreign Investment Company and Controlled Foreign Corporation Rules contained in the Code, are generally as follows:
Disposition of Common Shares
On a disposition of Common Shares, a U.S. Holder of Common Shares generally will recognize a gain or loss. The gain or loss will be equal to the difference between the amount realized on the sale and the U.S. Holder of Common Shares adjusted tax basis in those shares. Any such gain or loss will be a long-term capital gain or loss if the shareholder has held the shares for more than one year. Otherwise the gain or loss will be a short-term capital gain or loss. However, a gain realized on the disposition of Common Shares may be treated as ordinary income if the Company was a collapsible corporation within the meaning of the Code. The gain or loss will generally be a U.S. source gain or loss.
Dividend Distributions on Shares of the Company
Dividend distributions (including constructive dividends) paid by the Company will be required to be included in the income of a U.S. Holder of Common Shares to the extent of the Companys current or accumulated earnings and profits (E&P) attributable to the distribution without reduction for any Canadian withholding tax withheld from such distributions. Even if such payment is in fact not converted to U.S. dollars, the amount of any cash distribution paid in Canadian dollars will be equal to the U.S. dollar value of the Canadian dollars on the date of distribution based on the exchange rate on such date. To the extent distributions paid by the Company on the Common Shares exceed the Companys current or accumulated E&P, they will be treated first as a return of capital up to a shareholders adjusted tax basis in the shares and then as capital gain from the sale or exchange of the shares.
Dividends paid by the Company on the Common Shares generally will not be eligible for the dividends received deduction provided to corporations receiving dividends from certain U.S. corporations. These dividends generally may be subject to backup withholding tax, unless a U.S. Holder of Common Shares furnishes the Company with a duly completed and signed Form W-9. The U.S. Holder of Common Shares will be allowed a refund or a credit equal to any amount withheld under the U.S. backup withholding tax rules against the U.S. Holder
30
of Common Shares U.S. federal income tax liability, provided the shareholder furnishes the required information to the IRS.
Foreign Tax Credit
A U.S. Holder of Common Shares will generally be entitled to a foreign tax credit or deduction in an amount equal to the Canadian tax withheld. Dividends paid by the Company generally will constitute foreign source dividend income and passive income for purposes of the foreign tax credit, which could reduce the amount of foreign tax credits available to shareholders. There are significant and complex limitations that apply to the credit. The U.S. holders of common shares should consult their own tax advisors in this regard.
Foreign Personal Holding Company Rules
Special U.S. tax rules apply to a shareholder of a foreign personal holding company (FPHC). The Company would be classified as a FPHC in any taxable year if both of the following tests are satisfied:
| at least 60% of the Companys gross income consists of foreign personal holding company income, which generally includes passive income such as dividends, interest, royalties, gains from shares and commodity transactions and rents; and | ||
| more than 50% of the total voting power of all classes of voting shares or the total value of outstanding shares is owned directly or indirectly by five or fewer individuals who are U.S. citizens or residents. |
Passive Foreign Investment Company Rules
Special U.S. tax rules apply to a shareholder of a Passive Foreign Investment Company (PFIC). The Company could be classified as a PFIC if, after the application of certain look through rules, for any taxable year, either:
| 75% or more of the Companys gross income for the taxable year is passive income, which includes interest, dividends and certain rents and royalties; or | ||
| the average quarterly percentage, by fair market value of the Companys assets that produce or are held for the production of passive income is 50% or more of the fair market value of all of the Companys assets. |
To the extent the Company owns at least 25% by value of the shares of another corporation, the Company is treated for purposes of the PFIC tests as owning the Companys proportionate share of the assets of such corporation, and as receiving directly the Companys proportionate share of the income of such corporation.
Distributions which constitute excess distributions from a PFIC and dispositions of Common Shares of a PFIC are subject to the following special rules:
| the excess distributions (generally any distributions received by a U.S. Holder of Common Shares on the shares in any taxable year that are greater than 125% of the average annual distributions received by such U.S. Holder of Common Shares in the three preceding taxable years, or the U.S. Holder of Common Shares holding period for the shares, if shorter) or gain would be allocated on a pro rata basis over a U.S. Holder of Common Shares holding period for the shares; | ||
| the amount allocated to the current taxable year and any taxable year prior to the first taxable year in which the Company is a PFIC would be treated as ordinary income in the current taxable year; and | ||
| the amount allocated to each of the other taxable years would be subject to the highest rate of tax on ordinary income in effect for that year and to an interest charge based on the value of the tax deferred during the period during which the shares are owned. |
31
U.S. Holders of Common Shares who actually or constructively own shares in a PFIC may be eligible to make certain elections which require them to include income for the PFIC on an annual basis.
Controlled Foreign Corporation Rules
Generally, if more than 50% of the voting power or total value of all classes of the Companys shares is owned, directly or indirectly, by U.S. shareholders, who individually own 10% or more of the total combined voting power of all classes of the Companys shares, the Company could be treated as a controlled foreign corporation (CFC) under Subpart F of the Code. This classification would require such 10% or greater shareholders to include in income their pro rata shares of the Companys Subpart F Income, as defined in the Code. In addition, a gain from the sale or exchange of shares by a U.S. Holder of Common Shares who is or was a 10% or greater shareholder at any time during the five year period ending with the sale or exchange will be deemed ordinary dividend income to the extent that the Companys E&P is attributable to the shares sold or exchanged.
F. Dividends and paying agents.
Although there are no dividend restrictions, the Company has neither declared nor paid dividends on any of its outstanding common shares, and does not intend to do so in the foreseeable future. The Company intends to retain any future earnings to finance the expansion of its business. Any future determination to pay dividends will be at the discretion of the Board of Directors of the Company and will be dependent upon the Companys earnings, capital requirements and financial position, as well as any other factors deemed relevant by the Board of Directors.
G. Statement by experts.
Not applicable.
H. Documents on display.
Upon the effectiveness of this filing, we will be subject to the informational requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and we will thereafter file reports and other information with the SEC. You may read and copy any of the Companys reports and other information at, and obtain copies upon payment of prescribed fees from, the Public Reference Room maintained by the SEC at 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Room 1024, Washington, D.C. 20549. In addition, the SEC maintains a Web site that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding registrants that file electronically with the SEC at http://www.sec.gov. The public may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330.
We are required to file reports and other information with the securities commission in all provinces of Canada. You are invited to read and copy any reports, statements or other information, other than confidential filings, that we file with the provincial securities commissions. These filings are also electronically available from the Canadian System for Electronic Document Analysis and Retrieval (SEDAR) (http://www.sedar.com), the Canadian equivalent of the SECs electronic document gathering and retrieval system.
We will provide without charge to each person, including any beneficial owner, on the written or oral request of such person, a copy of any or all documents referred to above which have been or may be incorporated by reference in this report (not including exhibits to such incorporated information that are not specifically incorporated by reference into such information). Requests for such copies should be directed to the Companys principal executive offices at 101 6 Avenue S.W., Suite 650, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2P 3P4.
I. Subsidiary information.
The Company does not have any subsidiaries.
32
Item 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
The Company is not exposed to cash flow and translation risk due to changes in the Canadian/United States dollar exchange rate and interest rate fluctuations at this time due to the fact the Company does not conduct business in the United States at this time.
Item 12. Description of Securities Other than Equity Securities
Not applicable.
PART II
Item 13. Defaults, Dividends Arrearages and Delinquencies
Not applicable.
Item 14. Material Modifications to the Rights of Security Holders and Use of Proceeds
Not applicable.
Item 15.
Not applicable.
Item 16. [Reserved]
Not applicable.
PART III
Item 17. Financial Statements
The Consolidated Financial Statements for years ended December 31, 2002 and 2001 are filed as part of this registration statement.
Item 18. Financial Statements
Not Applicable
Item 19.
Exhibits
Exhibit Number
Description
1.1
Articles of Incorporation of Genoil Inc. dated April 1, 1996
1.2
Articles of Amendment of Genoil Inc. dated June 27, 1996
1.3
By-law No. 1 of Genoil Inc. as amended dated October 25, 2001
4.1
Stock Option Plan of Genoil Inc., as amended October 25,
2001 and January 13, 2003
5.1
List of patents held by Genoil Inc.
33
SIGNATURES
The registrant hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for
filing on Form 20-F and that it has duly caused and authorized the undersigned
to sign this registration statement on its behalf.
Dated August 20, 2003
34
kpmg
AUDITORS REPORT TO THE DIRECTORS
We have audited the consolidated balance sheets of Genoil Inc. as at December
31, 2002 and 2001 and the consolidated statements of loss, deficit and cash
flows for each of the three years in the three year period ended December 31,
2002. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the
companys management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these
consolidated financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing
standards and standards generally accepted in the United States of America.
Those standards require that we plan and perform an audit to obtain reasonable
assurance whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material
misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence
supporting the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial
statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used
and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall
financial statement presentation.
In our opinion, these consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all
material respects, the financial position of the company as at December 31,
2002 and 2001 and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the
three years then ended in accordance with Canadian generally accepted
accounting principles.
Chartered Accountants
Comments by Auditor on Canada United States Reporting Differences
United States reporting standards for auditors require the addition of an
explanatory paragraph when the financial statements are affected by conditions
and events that cast substantial doubt on the companys ability to continue as
a going concern, such as those described in note 1 to the financial statements.
Although we conducted our audit in accordance with both Canadian generally
accepted auditing standards and United States generally accepted auditing
standards, our report to the directors dated June 4, 2003 (except for note 15,
which is dated July 30, 2003) is expressed in accordance with Canadian
reporting standards which do not permit a reference to such conditions and
events in the auditors report when these are adequately disclosed in the
financial statements.
Chartered Accountants
GENOIL INC.
By:
(Signed) Thomas F. Bugg
Thomas F. Bugg
President
Table of Contents
Consolidated Financial Statements of
GENOIL INC.
Years ended December 31, 2002 and 2001
Table of Contents
Calgary, Canada
June 4, 2003 (except for note 15,
which is dated July 30, 2003)
Calgary, Canada
June 4, 2003 (except for note 15,
which is dated July 30, 2003)
Table of Contents
GENOIL INC.
(All amounts in Canadian dollars)
Consolidated Balance Sheets
December 31,
March 31,
2003
2002
2001
(unaudited)
(audited)
$
298,762
$
1,098,336
$
54,421
22,254
23,795
24,636
85,645
60,980
10,598
2,035
2,035
5,280
408,696
1,185,146
94,935
2,813,559
2,754,603
2,992,561
693,007
685,456
584,496
5,478,157
5,562,084
3,730,093
52,330
52,518
55,533
$
9,445,749
$
10,239,807
$
7,457,618
$
554,997
$
748,605
$
775,730
85,191
85,191
80,389
2,440,425
640,188
833,796
3,296,544
2,698,883
2,647,133
11,004,134
10,821,762
5,246,806
(4,897,456
)
(4,062,884
)
(1,085,732
)
6,106,678
6,758,878
4,161,074
$
9,445,749
$
10,239,807
$
7,457,618
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
(Signed) Thomas F. Bugg
Director
(Signed) David Lifschultz
Director
GENOIL INC.
(All amounts in Canadian dollars)
Consolidated Statements of Loss
Three-month period ended
March 31,
Years ended December 31,
2003
2002
2002
2001
2000
(unaudited)
(audited)
$
5,560
$
$
30,100
$
1,124,343
$
215,321
167,820
712,393
2,382,586
400,884
499,085
1,334,443
368,170
770,469
49,380
53,072
206,708
238,436
176,547
185,333
753,708
660,379
842,132
905,310
3,007,252
3,649,571
770,469
400,000
(834,572
)
(905,310
)
(2,977,152
)
(2,125,228
)
(770,469
)
(132,352
)
(23,794
)
(12,059,952
)
(3,395,533
)
(834,572
)
(905,310
)
(2,977,152
)
(2,125,228
)
(16,382,100
)
39,392
$
(834,572
)
$
(905,310
)
$
(2,977,152
)
$
(2,125,228
)
$
(16,421,492
)
$
(0.01
)
$
(0.01
)
$
(0.03
)
$
(0.02
)
$
(0.01
)
$
(0.01
)
$
(0.01
)
$
(0.03
)
$
(0.02
)
$
(0.20
)
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
GENOIL INC.
(All amounts in Canadian dollars)
Consolidated Statements of Deficit
Three-month period ended
March 31,
Years ended December 31,
2003
2002
2002
2001
2000
(unaudited)
(audited)
$
(4,062,884
)
$
(1,085,732
)
$
(1,085,732
)
$
(35,005,857
)
$
(18,584,365
)
(834,572
)
(905,310
)
(2,977,152
)
(2,125,228
)
(16,421,492
)
36,045,353
$
(4,897,456
)
$
(1,991,042
)
$
(4,062,884
)
$
(1,085,732
)
$
(35,005,857
)
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
GENOIL INC.
(All amounts in Canadian dollars)
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Three-month period ended
March 31,
Years ended December 31,
2003
2002
2002
2001
2000
(unaudited)
(audited)
$
(834,572
)
$
(905,310
)
$
(2,977,152
)
$
(2,125,228
)
$
(16,421,492
)
174,547
185,333
753,708
660,379
2,056,723
51,750
51,750
206,708
140,425
30,149
2,482,093
6,818,744
1,000,000
336,053
(50,382
)
346,972
(361,809
)
(608,275
)
(668,227
)
(2,036,969
)
(977,452
)
(4,089,688
)
8,407,983
321,000
8,728,983
(361,274
)
1,152,427
3,185,807
1,280,882
868,960
2,300,000
1,152,427
3,185,807
3,580,882
9,236,669
(129,439
)
(3,822
)
(63,896
)
(819,851
)
(110,000
)
(25,000
)
(13,800
)
(18,692
)
(106,835
)
(2,000,000
)
(20,090,589
)
(2,500
)
(8,990
)
(61,703
)
(1,364,016
)
3,100,000
(34,360
)
(268,239
)
(18,237
)
344,968
13,409,110
(191,299
)
(272,061
)
(104,923
)
(2,555,278
)
(5,162,330
)
(799,574
)
212,139
1,043,915
48,152
(15,349
)
1,098,336
54,421
54,421
6,269
21,618
$
298,762
$
266,560
$
1,098,336
$
54,421
$
6,269
$
$
1,322
$
24,708
$
73,303
$
135,094
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
GENOIL INC.
(All amounts in Canadian dollars)
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Continued)
Three-month period ended
March 31,
Years ended December 31,
2003
2002
2002
2001
2000
(unaudited)
$
51,750
$
51,750
$
206,708
$
140,425
$
$
$
$
2,359,000
$
$
$
$
$
30,149
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
1,800,000
$
1,508,397
$
$
$
$
2,000,000
$
$
$
$
$
21,094,369
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
GENOIL INC.
Years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000
(Information as at March 31, 2003 and for the three-month
periods ended March 31, 2003 and 2002 is unaudited)
(All amounts in Canadian dollars)
General:
Genoil Inc. (the Corporation) is incorporated under the Canada Business Corporations Act and is a technology development company in the oil and gas industry. | ||
1. | Going concern: | |
To date the Corporation has not attained commercial operations from its various patents and technology rights. $2,698,883 of principal and interest owed to a note holder was overdue at March 31, 2003 (December 31, 2002 - $2,647,133). The future of the Corporation is dependent upon its ability to maintain the continued financial support of the note holder (see note 5), and obtain adequate additional financing to fund the development of commercial operations from its various patents and technology rights. These consolidated financial statements are prepared on the basis that the Corporation will continue to operate throughout the next fiscal period to March 31, 2004 as a going concern. A failure to continue as a going concern would require that stated amounts of assets and liabilities be reflected on a liquidation basis, which would differ from the going concern basis. | ||
2. | Significant accounting policies: | |
These financial statements are prepared in accordance with Canadian generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), which, in the case of the Corporation, differ in certain respects from those in the United States. These differences are described in note 14, Differences between accounting principles generally accepted in Canada and the United States . | ||
The preparation of financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reported period. Actual results could differ from these estimates. |
(a) | Basis of presentation: | ||
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Canadian generally accepted accounting principles and include the results of the Corporation and its wholly owned subsidiaries. | |||
Since a determination of certain assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses is dependent upon future events, the preparation of these consolidated financial statements requires the use of estimates and assumptions, which have been made using careful judgment. | |||
The financial statements included the accounts of the Corporation and its wholly owned subsidiary, CE3 Technologies Inc. (CE3), until it was placed into receivership in October 2000. |
GENOIL INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Page 2
(b) | Inventory: | ||
Inventories of material are recorded at the lower of cost and net realizable value. | |||
(c) | Upgrader and office equipment: | ||
The pilot upgrader and office equipment are recorded at cost. Renewals and betterments are capitalized. Repairs and maintenance costs are charged to operations as incurred. Depreciation is provided using the following methods and annual rates: |
Pilot upgrader | 10% declining balance | |
Office equipment and furniture | 20% straight line |
(d) | Patents and technology rights: | ||
Patents are recorded at cost and are amortized over ten years on a declining basis. Pending patent costs are not amortized until the patents are registered. | |||
Technology rights are recorded at cost. Amortization is provided on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life. | |||
The Corporation periodically reviews the valuation and amortization of the patents and technology rights, taking into consideration any events and circumstances which might have impaired the value. The Corporation assesses impairment by determining whether the unamortized balance can be recovered from estimates of expected undiscounted cash flows related to patent and technology rights use. | |||
(e) | Foreign currency translation: | ||
Accounts of foreign operations, which are considered financially and operationally integrated, are translated to Canadian dollars using average rates for the year for revenue and expenses, except depreciation and amortization which are translated at the rate of exchange applicable to the related assets. Gains or losses resulting from these translation adjustments are included in earnings. Monetary assets are translated at current exchange rates and non-monetary assets are translated using historical rates of exchange. | |||
(f) | Stock-based compensation: | ||
The Corporation has a stock option plan as described in note 7. | |||
The Corporation does not record compensation expense on the granting of stock options to directors, officers and employees. Consideration received on the exercise of such options is recorded as share capital. The Corporation uses the fair value based method of accounting for all other stock-based payments. | |||
Prior to January 1, 2002, no compensation cost was recognized when stock options were granted to directors, officers, employers and consultants. Consideration received on the exercise of such options was recorded as share capital. |
GENOIL INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Page 3
(g) | Income taxes: | ||
The Corporation follows the liability method of accounting for income taxes. Under this method, income tax liabilities and assets are recognized for the estimated tax consequences attributable to differences between the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and their respective tax bases, using enacted or subsequently enacted tax rates expected to apply when the asset is realized or the liability settled. The effect of a change in income tax rates on future income tax liabilities and assets is recognized in income in the period that the change occurs. | |||
(h) | Per share amounts: | ||
Basic per share amounts are calculated using the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the reporting period. Weighted average number of shares is determined by relating the portion of time within the reporting period that common shares have been outstanding to the total time in that period. Diluted per share amounts are calculated based on the treasury-stock method, which assumes that any proceeds obtained on exercise of options would be used to purchase common shares at the average market price during the reporting period. The weighted average number of shares outstanding is then adjusted by the net change. |
3. | Pilot upgrader: | |
The pilot upgrader costs are net of accumulated depreciation of $659,296 at March 31, 2003 (December 31, 2002 $588,813; December 31, 2001 $286,959. | ||
At March 31, 2003 and December 31, 2002 the pilot upgrader was idle. Recovery of the upgrader and related patents and technology rights costs remain uncertain. Recovery of these costs depends on the development of commercial applications of the upgrader patents and technology rights and ultimately attaining profitable operations. | ||
4. | Patents and technology rights: | |
The patents and technology rights costs are net of accumulated amortization of $148,194 at March 31, 2003 (December 31, 2002 $130,745; December 31, 2001 $63,906) and $760,280 (December 31, 2002 $676,353; December 31, 2001 $303,344), respectively. | ||
The patents include fluid gas integration, crude oil and bitumen treatment, oil-water separation and production of hydrogen from water. These patents expire from 2019 to 2021. | ||
The Corporation has the worldwide rights, except for Europe, for oil-water separation technology. The term of these rights ranges from 5 to 10 years, depending on the country. | ||
Recovery of the patents and technology rights costs remain uncertain. Recovery of these costs depends on the development of commercial applications of its patents and technology rights and ultimately attaining profitable operations. |
GENOIL INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Page 4
5.
Note payable:
December 31,
March 31,
2003
2002
2001
(unaudited)
$
2,300,000
$
2,300,000
$
2,300,000
398,883
347,133
140,425
$
2,698,883
$
2,647,133
$
2,440,425
The funds to finance the acquisition of substantially all of the patent and technology rights relating to the pilot upgrader and certain other patent and technology rights were borrowed from a major oil and gas producer. The loan is secured by all the assets of the Corporation, has quarterly interest payments at 9% per annum and was repayable on or before December 31, 2002. | ||
On June 4, 2003 the note holder agreed to extend the due date of principal and interest due at March 31, 2003 aggregating $2,698,883 to January 12, 2005. Accordingly, the principal and interest due on March 31, 2003 and December 31, 2002 has been classified as a long-term liability. | ||
Reference is made to note 7(e). | ||
6. | Business combinations: | |
In January 2002 the Corporation acquired 100% of the outstanding shares of Hydrogen Solutions Inc., a private company holding rights for certain applications to a process for the production of hydrogen from water. The purchase price was $2,205,000, being 10,500,000 common shares at $0.21 per share. In addition, the Corporation granted the seller a 32.5% royalty on the future net operating income relating to hydrogen production. The value of the common shares was determined based on the market price of the common shares on the date of the agreement and announcement of the terms of the acquisition. | ||
In March 2002 the Corporation acquired 100% of the outstanding common shares of Crystal Clear Solutions Inc., a private company owned by an employee holding patents in oil-water separator and a pilot separator facility. The purchase price was $154,000, being 700,000 common shares of the Corporation issued at $0.22 per share. The value of the common shares was determined based on the market price of the common shares on the date of the agreement and announcement of the terms of the acquisition. |
GENOIL INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Page 5
In June 1999 the Corporation acquired all of the outstanding common shares of CE3, a private company marketing technologies developed to reduce heavy oil production costs, including sand washing, heavy oil field processing and upgrading for cash consideration of $2,246,650. The former shareholders of CE3 were entitled to additional consideration, to a maximum of $8 million per annum, if CE3 reached certain earnings targets in 2000, 2001 and 2002. The obligation to pay any additional consideration was extinguished in full by the issuance of 9,000,000 common shares at an ascribed valuation of $1,800,000. The amount was treated as additional consideration for the acquisition. | ||
7. | Share capital: |
(a) | Authorized: | ||
An unlimited number of common shares without par value | |||
(b) | Issued: | ||
Changes in the share capital are as follows: |
Number of | |||||||||
Shares | Amount | ||||||||
|
|
||||||||
Balance, December 31, 1999
|
70,571,180 | $ | 14,247,948 | ||||||
Stock options
|
455,250 | 85,040 | |||||||
Private placement to employees and suppliers
|
1,313,938 | 783,920 | |||||||
Issued to parent company
|
10,000,000 | 2,000,000 | |||||||
In settlement of subsidiary purchase (note 6)
|
9,000,000 | 1,800,000 | |||||||
|
|
|
|||||||
Balance, December 31, 2000
|
91,340,368 | 18,916,908 | |||||||
Private placements for cash
|
12,114,217 | 1,280,882 | |||||||
Reduction of stated capital
|
| (14,950,984 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|||||||
Balance, December 31, 2001
|
103,454,585 | 5,246,806 | |||||||
Stock options
|
499,998 | 50,000 | |||||||
Private placements*
|
26,793,467 | 3,135,807 | |||||||
Issued for rights and patents (note 6)
|
11,200,000 | 2,359,000 | |||||||
Stock options issued to consultants
|
| 30,149 | |||||||
|
|
|
|||||||
Balance, December 31, 2002
|
141,948,050 | 10,821,762 | |||||||
In settlement of accounts payable**
|
1,508,397 | 182,372 | |||||||
|
|
|
|||||||
Balance, March 31, 2003
|
143,456,667 | $ | 11,004,134 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* | Includes 15,306,556 shares for $1,868,724 cash consideration to officers and directors and a company controlled by officers and directors. | ||
** | Includes 313,860, 303,765 and 74,208 issued to an employee, a company controlled by an officer and a company controlled by a director, respectively. |
The legal capital of the Corporation exceeds the stated capital by $15,200,000. |
GENOIL INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Page 6
(c) | Reductions in stated capital and contributed surplus: | ||
In 1998 the shareholders approved a $17,700,083 reduction in stated capital. As a result, the deficit and capital stock were reduced by this amount. | |||
In 2001 the shareholders approved a reduction in stated capital. As a result, the deficit was reduced by $36,045,353 and contributed surplus and stock were reduced by $21,094,369 and $14,950,984, respectively. | |||
(d) | Stock-based compensation: | ||
The Corporation has a stock option plan for directors, officers, employees and consultants. The term and vesting conditions of each option may be fixed by the board when the option is granted, but the term cannot exceed 10 years from the date upon which the option is granted. The maximum number of common shares that may be reserved for issuance pursuant to options granted under the plan is fixed at 10,000,000 and the maximum number of common shares that may be optioned to any one person at any one time is 5% of the total number of common shares issued and outstanding on the date of the grant. | |||
Changes in the stock options outstanding for each of the two years ended December 31, 2002 and 2001 and the three-month period ended March 31, 2003 are as follows: |
December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
March 31, 2003 | 2002 | 2001 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted | Weighted | Weighted | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Number | average | Number | average | Number | average | |||||||||||||||||||
of | exercise | of | exercise | of | exercise | |||||||||||||||||||
options | price | options | price | options | price | |||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
(unaudited) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Outstanding, beginning
of period
|
9,320,002 | $ | 0.13 | 6,300,000 | $ | 0.14 | 2,500,000 | $ | 0.19 | |||||||||||||||
Granted to employees,
directors and
officers
|
1,800,000 | 0.10 | 3,600,000 | 0.12 | 3,800,000 | 0.10 | ||||||||||||||||||
Granted to consultants
|
| | 600,000 | 0.20 | | | ||||||||||||||||||
Cancelled/expired
|
(3,880,000 | ) | 0.12 | (680,000 | ) | 0.10 | | | ||||||||||||||||
Exercised
|
| | (499,998 | ) | 0.10 | | | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||
Outstanding, end of
period
|
7,240,002 | $ | 0.13 | 9,320,002 | $ | 0.13 | 6,300,000 | $ | 0.14 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The options may be exercised over five years from the date of granting and expire from time to time to January 2008. The weighted average remaining contractual life of the options at March 31, 2003 is 3.1 years (December 31, 2002 3.1 years; December 31, 2001 4.3 years). |
GENOIL INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Page 7
As the Corporation follows the intrinsic value method of accounting for stock-based payments to employees, officers and directors, no cost has been recognized for stock-based payments made to employees, officers and directors. Had a cost been recorded for the fair value of stock options granted in 2002 to employees, officers and directors and the one-year extension of the term of the warrants in 2002, the loss and loss per share for the year ended December 31, 2002 and the period ended March 31, 2003 would be as follows: |
March 31, | December 31, | |||||||||
2003 | 2002 | |||||||||
|
|
|||||||||
(unaudited) | ||||||||||
Loss:
|
||||||||||
As reported
|
$ | (834,572 | ) | $ | (2,977,152 | ) | ||||
Pro-forma
|
$ | (959,841 | ) | $ | (3,055,577 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
||||||||
Loss per share:
|
||||||||||
Basic and diluted:
|
||||||||||
As reported
|
$ | (0.01 | ) | $ | (0.03 | ) | ||||
Pro-forma
|
$ | (0.01 | ) | $ | (0.03 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
The Corporation has recognized an administration expense of $30,149 for stock options issued to consultants in 2002. | |||
The fair value of options granted is estimated on the date granted using the Black Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions used: zero dividend yield; expected volatility of 100%; risk-free rates of 3%; and expected life of five years. | |||
(e) | Warrants and options: | ||
At December 31, 2001 the acquirer of the former parent and others held warrants entitling them to purchase 11,737,500 and 11,262,500 shares, respectively at $0.40 per share. During 2001 the warrants were re-priced to $0.10 per share and the expiry date was extended from November 30, 2001 to November 30, 2002. On November 30, 2002, 11,737,500 warrants expired and the term of 11,262,500 warrants was extended to February 12, 2004. | |||
In consideration for refinancing the $2,300,000 loan (note 5), the Corporation granted the lender the right to acquire 9,000,000 common shares at $0.20 per share prior to November 14, 2006 and 1,000,000 common shares at $0.50 per share prior to November 14, 2006. Using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, the estimated fair value of these rights is $1,564,000. This amount will be recognized as a financing cost over the term of the loan. |
GENOIL INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Page 8
(f) | Per share amounts: | ||
Per share amounts have been calculated based on the weighted average number of shares outstanding. The weighted average shares outstanding for the three-month period ended March 31, 2003 was 142,090,293 (December 31, 2002 117,468,807; March 31, 2002 105,259,973; December 31, 2001 98,824,480; December 31, 2000 80,350,435). | |||
In computing diluted earnings per share, no shares were added to the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the three-month period ended March 31, 2003 (December 31, 2002 nil; March 31, 2002 nil; December 31, 2001 nil; December 31, 2000 nil) as they are anti-dilutive. |
8. | Due from St. Genevieve: | |
In 1997 the Corporation pledged $6.4 million as security against a line of credit in favor of a wholly owned subsidiary of St. Genevieve Resources Ltd. The bank guarantee was drawn upon and the funds pledged in support of the guarantee were withdrawn. In December 1997 the Court appointed a receiver of St. Genevieve and the Corporation agreed to accept a payment of $5,600,000 from St. Genevieve as full settlement of the balance due. Due to the uncertainty of collection, an impairment allowance for the entire amount was taken. | ||
In 2001 the Corporation realized $400,000 as full settlement of the note by the sale of shares and notes that were held as security for the payment of the note. | ||
9. | Income taxes: | |
Corporate income taxes differ from the expected rate for the following reasons: |
Three-month period ended | ||||||||||||||||||||
March 31, | Years ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
2003 | 2002 | 2002 | 2001 | 2000 | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||
(unaudited) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Expected taxes at 35.62%
|
$ | (297,275 | ) | $ | (322,471 | ) | $ | (1,060,462 | ) | $ | (757,006 | ) | $ | (7,163,055 | ) | |||||
Capital taxes
|
| | | | 39,392 | |||||||||||||||
Benefit of current years
losses not recognized
|
297,275 | 322,471 | 1,060,462 | 757,006 | 7,163,055 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
|
$ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | 39,392 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
GENOIL INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Page 9
The components of the net future tax assets are as follows:
December 31,
March 31,
2003
2002
2001
(unaudited)
$
5,564,000
$
5,267,000
$
4,197,000
525,000
525,000
525,000
10,000
10,000
10,000
6,099,000
5,802,000
4,732,000
(2,859,000
)
(2,803,000
)
(1,214,000
)
(3,240,200
)
(2,999,000
)
(3,518,000
)
$
$
$
The Corporation has accumulated Canadian tax pools available for future deductions of $5.9 million at March 31, 2003 (December 31, 2002 $5.7 million; December 31, 2001 $4.0 million) and Canadian non-capital losses for income tax purposes amounting to $15.7 million at March 31, 2003 (December 31, 2002 $14.8 million December 31, 2001 $11.8 million). The non-capital losses expire from time to time to 2009. The Corporation has not recorded the benefit on the tax losses. | ||
10. | Commitments: | |
The minimum rentals payable under long-term office leases, exclusive of certain operating costs, for which the Corporation is responsible, are as follows: |
2003
|
$ | 127,268 | ||
2004
|
98,900 | |||
2005
|
88,255 | |||
2006
|
75,323 | |||
|
||||
|
$ | 389,746 | ||
|
The Corporation has agreed to pay the acquirer of the former parent, Beau Canada Exploration Ltd. (Beau Canada), a 3% royalty on all existing technology revenue streams. The royalty may be extinguished by paying the royalty holder $117,000,000 prior to May 30, 2004. |
GENOIL INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Page 10
11. | Related party transactions: | |
A company controlled by an officer and director provides technical and administrative services. No fees were charged for these services. | ||
In 2002 companies controlled by a director and officer and an employee advanced the Corporation $4,802 (2001 $28,459; 2000 $51,930). | ||
In 2000 the Corporation paid $23,094,368 due to Beau Canada by the issuance of 10,000,000 common shares and a 3% royalty on the Corporations future revenues. As a result, the $23,093,369 liability to Beau Canada was reflected as $2,000,000 of share capital and $21,093,369 of contributed surplus. | ||
In 2000 Beau Canada, advanced $8,407,783 to fund activities and charged management fees of $321,000. | ||
In 2000 the Corporation sold a subsidiary to Beau Canada for cash consideration of $1,400,000. The transaction, measured at the exchange amount, approximates fair value. | ||
In 2000 Beau Canada distributed 61,600,000 shares of the Corporation (its entire holdings) to the shareholders of Beau Canada. | ||
Reference is made to notes 12 and 15. | ||
12. | Discontinued operations: |
Oil and gas | Sand | ||||||||||||||||
|
washing | Power | |||||||||||||||
2000 | Canada | Cuba | plant | plant | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Revenues
|
$ | 316,178 | $ | | $ | 1,032,920 | $ | 1,234,242 | |||||||||
Expenses
|
|||||||||||||||||
Operations
|
12,477 | | 1,958,411 | 3,371,582 | |||||||||||||
Foreign exchange
|
| 23,794 | | | |||||||||||||
Interest
|
| | 135,094 | | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
|
303,701 | (23,794 | ) | (1,060,585 | ) | (2,137,340 | ) | ||||||||||
Depletion and amortization
|
(100,000 | ) | | (1,698,530 | ) | (258,193 | ) | ||||||||||
Loss on sale of property
|
(336,053 | ) | | | | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Operating loss
|
(132,352 | ) | (23,794 | ) | (2,759,115 | ) | (2,395,533 | ) | |||||||||
Loss on receivership of CE3
|
| | (2,482,093 | ) | | ||||||||||||
Write-down of assets
|
| | (6,818,744 | ) | | ||||||||||||
Write-off of other assets
|
| | | (1,000,000 | ) | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Loss
|
$ | (132,352 | ) | $ | (23,794 | ) | $ | (12,059,952 | ) | $ | (3,395,533 | ) | |||||
|
|
|
|
|
GENOIL INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Page 11
In March 2000 the Corporation sold all of its Canadian royalty interests and producing properties to Beau Canada for $1,700,000. The disposition was recorded at the exchange value based on a valuation prepared by management and reviewed by independent petroleum engineers. | ||
In June 1999 the Corporation acquired all of the outstanding common shares of CE3, a private company developing a sand washing plant. In October 2000, CE3 was put into receivership resulting in a loss of $2,482,093. At the time, construction contractors had first security on the plant and certain other creditors owed approximately $2,000,000 ranked in priority to the Corporation on all other assets. As a result of the receivership, the Corporation initiated actions to obtain value from its secured position. The Corporation acquired all the intellectual property held by CE3 and certain capital assets, including the upgrader, in exchange for $2,000,000 and the elimination of the Corporations secured position. | ||
In December 1999 CE3 entered into an agreement with a public income fund to contract operate a power facility. Under the agreement, CE3 agreed to pay $1.0 million to the fund and was committed to $1.0 million in capital expenditures on the facility. In addition, the Corporation granted the fund 600,000 warrants; each warrant convertible into one common share at an exercise price of $0.40 per share prior to January 1, 2002. CE3 had the right to cancel the agreement before December 30, 2000. The agreement covered five, five-year terms with CE3 having a renewal option. CE3 was to pay annual fees to the fund of $1.8 million in 2000, $2.0 million in 2001, $2.2 million in 2002, $2.4 million in 2003 and $2.4 million plus inflation annually thereafter. The fund had the right to cancel the arrangement on December 31, 2001 if CE3 had not paid $4.2 million by that date. As part of the transaction, CE3 reached an arrangement with the operator of the facility. Under this arrangement, CE3 was the operator of the facility and received 85% of cash flow until all of CE3s costs had been recovered. After recovery, CE3 was to receive 66.7 % of the cash flow. In July 2000 CE3 agreed to cancel the power plant operating agreement resulting in the write-off of other assets of $1,000,000. | ||
The power facility transaction was a related party transaction as an officer and director of the Corporation was indebted to the public income fund and this same individual controlled the private company that was the operator of the facility. In addition, a director of the public income fund was a director of the Corporation. | ||
Administration expenses have not been allocated to the discontinued operations. |
GENOIL INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Page 12
Three-month period ended | |||||||||||||||||||||
March 31, | Years ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||
2003 | 2002 | 2002 | 2001 | 2000 | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
(unaudited) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Loss from continuing operations
Canadian GAAP
|
$ | (834,572 | ) | $ | (905,310 | ) | $ | (2,977,152 | ) | $ | (2,125,228 | ) | $ | (770,469 | ) | ||||||
Adjustments:
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Compensation (a)
|
| | (11,248 | ) | (23,731 | ) | (23,731 | ) | |||||||||||||
Financing costs (b)
|
| | (10,858 | ) | (349,432 | ) | | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||
Loss from continuing
operations U.S. GAAP
|
(834,572 | ) | (905,310 | ) | (2,999,258 | ) | (2,498,391 | ) | (794,200 | ) | |||||||||||
Discontinued operations
|
| | | | (15,611,631 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Income taxes
|
| | | | (39,392 | ) | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||
Loss U.S. GAAP
|
$ | (834,572 | ) | $ | (905,310 | ) | $ | (2,999,258 | ) | $ | (2,498,391 | ) | $ | (16,445,223 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||
Loss from continuing
operations per share
basic and diluted
|
$ | (0.01 | ) | $ | (0.01 | ) | $ | (0.03 | ) | $ | (0.03 | ) | $ | (0.01 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||
Loss per share basic
and diluted
|
$ | (0.01 | ) | $ | (0.01 | ) | $ | (0.03 | ) | $ | (0.03 | ) | $ | (0.20 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
GENOIL INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Page 13
Consolidated Statements
of Cash Flow
Three-month period ended
March 31,
Years ended December 31,
2003
2002
2002
2001
2000
(unaudited)
$
(608,275
)
$
(668,227
)
$
(2,036,969
)
$
(977,452
)
$
(4,089,688
)
$
(191,299
)
$
(272,061
)
$
(104,923
)
$
(255,278
)
$
(5,162,330
)
$
$
1,152,427
$
3,185,807
$
3,580,882
$
9,236,669
Consolidated Balance Sheet
March 31, 2003
December 31, 2002
December 31, 2001
Canadian
Reconciling
U.S.
Canadian
Reconciling
U.S.
Canadian
Reconciling
U.S.
GAAP
Items
GAAP
GAAP
Items
GAAP
GAAP
Items
GAAP
(unaudited)
$
408,696
$
$
408,696
$
1,185,146
$
$
1,185,146
$
94,935
$
$
94,935
2,813,559
2,813,559
2,754,603
2,754,603
2,992,561
2,992,561
693,007
693,007
685,456
685,456
584,496
584,496
5,478,157
5,478,157
5,562,084
5,562,084
3,730,093
3,730,093
52,330
52,330
52,518
52,518
55,533
55,533
$
9,445,749
$
$
9,445,749
$
10,239,807
$
$
10,239,807
$
7,457,618
$
$
7,457,618
$
640,188
$
$
640,188
$
833,796
$
$
833,796
$
3,296,544
$
$
3,296,544
2,698,883
2,698,883
2,647,133
2,647,133
11,004,134
33,070,067
44,079,201
10,821,762
33,070,067
43,891,829
5,246,806
33,047,961
38,294,767
21,094,369
21,094,369
21,094,369
21,094,369
21,094,369
21,094,369
(4,897,456
)
(54,164,436
)
(59,061,892
)
(4,062,884
)
(54,164,436
)
(58,227,320
)
(1,085,732
)
(54,142,330
)
(55,228,062
)
6,106,678
6,106,678
6,758,878
6,758,878
4,161,074
4,161,074
$
9,445,749
$
$
9,445,749
$
10,239,807
$
$
10,239,807
$
7,457,618
$
$
7,457,618
GENOIL INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Page 14
Description of Significant Differences: |
(a) | Compensation expenses: | ||
As disclosed in note 7 the Corporation recognized administration expenses for stock options issued to consultants in 2002. In prior years, an expense was not recorded under Canadian GAAP. Under U.S. GAAP, these expenses would be recorded in the statement of loss and added to share capital. | |||
(b) | As disclosed in note 7 warrants to purchase shares were re-priced in 2001 from $0.40 to $0.10. This would result in a financing cost being recorded under U.S. GAAP. | ||
(c) | In 1998, the shareholders approved a $17,700,083 reduction in stated capital. As a result, the deficit and capital stock were reduced by this amount. | ||
In 2001 the shareholders approved a reduction in stated capital. As a result, the deficit was reduced by $36,045,353 and contributed surplus and capital stock were reduced by $21,094,369 and $14,950,984, respectively. The $17,700,083 and $36,045,353 elimination of deficits would not be permitted under U.S. GAAP. |
Additional U.S. GAAP Disclosures: | ||
Stock Option Plan | ||
FAS 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation, establishes financial accounting and reporting standards for stock-based employee compensation plans as well as transaction in which an entity issues its equity instruments to acquire goods or services from non-employees. As permitted by FAS 123, the Corporation has elected to follow the intrinsic value method of accounting for stock-based compensation arrangements, as provided for in Accounting Principles Board Opinion 25. Since all options were granted with exercise prices equal to the market price when the options were granted, no compensation expense has been charged to income at the time of the option grants. Had compensation cost for the Corporations stock options been determined based on the fair market value at the grant dates of the awards, and amortized on a straight-line basis, consistent with methodology prescribed by FAS 123, the Corporations loss earnings and loss per share for the periods ended March 31, 2003 and 2002 and the years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000 would have been the pro forma amounts indicated below: |
Loss US GAAP | Loss per Share basic and diluted | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||
As Reported | Pro-Forma | As reported | Pro-Forma | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
March 31, 2003
|
$ | (834,572 | ) | $ | (992,345 | ) | (0.01 | ) | (0.01 | ) | ||||||
March 31, 2002
|
(905,310 | ) | (938,870 | ) | (0.01 | ) | (0.01 | ) | ||||||||
December 31, 2002
|
(2,999,258 | ) | (3,208,055 | ) | (0.03 | ) | (0.03 | ) | ||||||||
December 31, 2001
|
(2,498,391 | ) | (2,584,829 | ) | (0.03 | ) | (0.03 | ) | ||||||||
December 31, 2000
|
(16,445,223 | ) | (16,445,223 | ) | (0.20 | ) | (0.20 | ) |
GENOIL INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Page 15
The fair values of all common share options granted were estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. | ||
Impairment or Disposal of Long-term Assets | ||
In August 2001 the FASB issued FAS 144 Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-term Assets, which addresses the financial accounting and reporting for the impairment or disposal of long-lived assets. FAS 144 supersedes but retains the basic principles of FASB Statement No. 121 for the impairment of assets to be held and used. A two-step process is used to determine the impairment of the Corporations long-term assets, other than assets covered by the full cost accounting policy, with the first step determining when impairment is recognized and the second step measuring the amount of the impairment. An impairment loss is recognized when the carrying amount of a long-lived asset exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from its use and eventual disposition. An impairment loss is measured as the amount by which the long-lived assets carrying value exceeds its fair value. To test for and measure impairment, long-lived assets are grouped at the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent. | ||
A long-lived asset that meets the conditions as held for sale is measured at the lower of its carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell. Such assets are not amortized while they are classified as held for sale. The results of operations of a component of an entity that has been disposed of, or is classified as held for sale, is reported in discontinued operations in certain circumstances. | ||
This standard was adopted prospectively on January 1, 2002. It did not result in any differences between Canadian and U.S. GAAP in 2002 for the Corporation. | ||
Accounting for Guarantees | ||
In November 2002 the FASB issued Financial Interpretation 45 Accounting for Guarantees (FIN 45) that will require the recognition of a liability for the fair value of certain guarantees that require payments contingent on specified types of future events. The measurement standards of FIN 45 are applicable to guarantees entered into after January 1, 2003. For guarantees that existed as at December 31, 2002, FIN 45 requires additional disclosures, which have been included in these financial statements to the extent applicable. |
GENOIL INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Page 16
Accounting for Variable Interest Entities | ||
In January 2003 the FASB issued Financial Interpretation 46 Accounting for Variable Interest Entities (FIN 46) that will require the consolidation of certain entities that are controlled through financial interests that indicate control (referred to as variable interests). Variable interests are the rights or obligations that convey economic gains or losses from changes in the values of the entitys assets or liabilities. The holder of the majority of an entitys variable interests will be required to consolidate the variable interest entity. The application of FIN 46 will result in the consolidation of any additional entities for the Corporation. | ||
Future Removal and Site Restoration | ||
In June 2001 the FASB issued Statement No. 143 Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations (FAS 143), which addresses financial accounting and reporting for obligations associated with the retirement of tangible long-lived assets and the related asset retirement costs. The standard applies to legal obligations associated with the retirement of long-lived assets that result from the acquisition, construction, development and use of the asset. FAS 143 requires that the fair value of a liability for an asset retirement obligation be recognized in the period in which it is incurred if a reasonable estimate of fair value can be made. The fair value is added to the carrying amount of the associated asset. The liability is accreted at the end of each period through charges to operating expenses for U.S. GAAP purposes. The adoption of FAS 143 would not result in a difference between Canadian and U.S. GAAP for the Corporation. | ||
15. | Subsequent events: | |
The Corporation has announced its intention to issue up to 6,000,000 common shares at $0.10 per share under a proposed non-brokered private placement. A director of the Corporation has stated his intention to acquire 1,000,000 of these common shares. The proposed private placement is subject to the regulatory approval. | ||
During the period April 1, 2003 to July 30, 2003, the Corporation entered into agreements to issue 1,890,800 common shares ranging from $0.10 to $0.28 per share to pay $428,456 of accounts payable and settle a contractual dispute. 640,000 shares were issued during the period April 1, 2003 to July 30, 2003 of which 74,208 shares were issued to a company controlled by a director of the Corporation. | ||
On June 4, 2003 the note holder agreed to extend the due date of principal and interest due at March 31, 2003 aggregating $2,698,883 to January 12, 2005. | ||
Reference is made to note 7(e). |
CERTIFICATIONS
I, Thomas F. Bugg, certify that:
2
1.
I have reviewed this annual report on Form 20-F of Genoil Inc.;
2.
Based on my knowledge, this annual report does not contain any untrue
statement of material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to
make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such
statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by
this annual report;
3.
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial
information included in this annual report, fairly present in all material
aspects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of
the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this annual
report;
4.
The registrants other certifying officers and I are responsible for
establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as
defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14) for the registrant and
have:
(a)
designed such disclosure controls and procedures to ensure
that material information relating to the registrant, including its
consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within
those entities, particularly during the period in which this annual
report is being prepared;
(b)
evaluated the effectiveness of the registrants disclosure
controls and procedures as of a date within 90 days prior to the
filing date of this annual report (the Evaluation Date); and
(c)
presented in this annual report our conclusions about the
effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures based on our
evaluation as of the Evaluation Date;
5.
The registrants other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on
our most recent evaluation, to the registrants auditors and the audit
committee of registrants board of directors (or persons performing the
equivalent function):
(a)
all significant deficiencies in the design or operation of
internal controls which could adversely affect the registrants
ability to record, process, summarize and report financial data and
have identified for the registrants auditors any material
weaknesses in internal controls; and
(b)
any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management
or other employees who have a significant role in the registrants
internal controls; and
Table of Contents
6.
The registrants other certifying officers and I have indicated in this
annual report whether or not there were significant changes in internal
controls or in other factors that could significantly affect internal
controls subsequent to the date of our most recent evaluation, including
any corrective actions with regard to significant deficiencies and
material weaknesses.
Date: August 20, 2003
(Signed) Thomas F. Bugg
Thomas F. Bugg
President and Chief Executive Officer
Table of Contents
CERTIFICATIONS
I, David Lifschultz, certify that:
2
EXHIBITS
1.
I have reviewed this annual report on Form 20-F of Genoil Inc.;
2.
Based on my knowledge, this annual report does not contain any untrue
statement of material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to
make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such
statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by
this annual report;
3.
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial
information included in this annual report, fairly present in all material
aspects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of
the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this annual
report;
4.
The registrants other certifying officers and I are responsible for
establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as
defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14) for the registrant and
have:
(a)
designed such disclosure controls and procedures to ensure
that material information relating to the registrant, including its
consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within
those entities, particularly during the period in which this annual
report is being prepared;
(b)
evaluated the effectiveness of the registrants disclosure
controls and procedures as of a date within 90 days prior to the
filing date of this annual report (the Evaluation Date); and
(c)
presented in this annual report our conclusions about the
effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures based on our
evaluation as of the Evaluation Date;
5.
The registrants other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on
our most recent evaluation, to the registrants auditors and the audit
committee of registrants board of directors (or persons performing the
equivalent function):
(a)
all significant deficiencies in the design or operation of
internal controls which could adversely affect the registrants
ability to record, process, summarize and report financial data and
have identified for the registrants auditors any material
weaknesses in internal controls; and
(b)
any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management
or other employees who have a significant role in the registrants
internal controls; and
Table of Contents
6.
The registrants other certifying officers and I have indicated in this
annual report whether or not there were significant changes in internal
controls or in other factors that could significantly affect internal
controls subsequent to the date of our most recent evaluation, including
any corrective actions with regard to significant deficiencies and
material weaknesses.
Date: August 20, 2003
(Signed) David Lifschultz
David Lifschultz
Chief Executive Officer
Table of Contents
Exhibit
Number
Description
Articles of Incorporation of Genoil Inc. dated April 1, 1996
Articles of Amendment of Genoil Inc. dated June 27, 1996
By-law No. 1 of Genoil Inc. as amended dated October 25, 2001
Stock Option Plan of Genoil Inc., as amended October 25, 2001 and January 13, 2003
List of patents held by Genoil Inc.
Exhibit 1.1
Articles of Incorporation of Genoil Inc. dated April 1, 1996
SCHEDULE 1
The Corporation is authorized to issue an unlimited number of Class A,
Class B, Class C, Class D, Class E and Class F shares. The said
shares shall have the following rights, privileges, restrictions and
conditions.
-2-
-3-
-4-
-5-
-6-
-7-
SCHEDULE 2
Closed Company
Canada Business
Corporations Act
Loi regissant les societes
par actions de regime federal
FORM 1
ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION
(SECTION 6)
FORMULE 1
STATUTS CONSTITUTIFS
(ARTICLE 6)
1 Name of Corporation
Denomination de la societe
2 The place in Canada where the registered office is to be situated
Lieu au Canada ou doit etre situe le siege social
3 The classes and any maximum number of shares that
the corporation is authorized to issue
Categories et tout nombre maximal dactions que la societe est autorisee
a emettre
4 Restrictions, if any, on share transfers
Restrictions sur le transfert des actions, sil y a lieu
5 Number (or minimum and maximum number) of directors
Nombre (ou nombre minimal et maximal) dadministrateurs
6 Restrictions, if any, on business the corporation may carry on
Limites imposees a lactivite commerciales de la societe, sil y a lieu
7 Other provisions, if any
Autres dispositions, sil y a lieu
8 Incorporators Fondateurs
CORPORATION NO. NO DE LA SOCIETE
FILED DEPOSEE
1.
VOTING RIGHTS
1.1
The holders of the Class A, Class B, Class C and
Class E shares shall be entitled to one (1) vote for each Class
A, Class B, Class C and Class E share held by them at all
meetings of shareholders.
1.2
Except as hereinafter provided for, the holders of the
Class D and Class F shares shall not be entitled to vote for
the election of directors or for any other purpose nor shall they
be entitled to attend shareholders meetings.
2.
LIQUIDATION, DISSOLUTION OR OTHER DISTRIBUTION OF ASSETS
2.1
In the event of the voluntary or involuntary liquidation,
dissolution, winding-up or other distribution of assets of the
Corporation:
2.1.1
the holders of the Class A shares shall be entitled to
receive the remaining property of the Corporation to the exclusion
of the holders of shares of any other class;
2.1.2
the holders of the Class E shares shall be entitled to
receive for each Class E share, pro rata, before any
distribution of any part of the assets of the Corporation among
the holders of shares of any other class, an amount equal to its
Redemption Value and any dividends declared thereon and unpaid and
nothing more;
2.1.3
the holders of the Class D shares shall be entitled to
receive for each Class D share, pro rata, before any
distribution of any part of the assets of the Corporation among
the holders of shares of any other class, except Class E shares,
an amount equal to its Redemption Value and any dividends declared
thereon and unpaid and nothing more;
2.1.4
the holders of the Class F shares shall be entitled to
receive for each Class F share, pro rata, before any
distribution of any part of the assets of the Corporation among
the holders of Class A, Class B and Class C shares an amount
equal to its Redemption Value and any dividends declared thereon
and unpaid and nothing more;
2.1.5
the holders of the Class C shares shall be entitled to
receive for each Class C share, pro rata, before any
distribution of any part of the assets of the Corporation among
the holders of Class A and Class B shares an amount equal to
its Redemption Value and any dividends declared thereon and unpaid
and nothing more;
2.1.6
the holders of the Class B shares shall be entitled to
receive for each Class B share, pro rata, before any
distribution of any part of the assets of the Corporation among
the holders of Class A shares, an amount equal to one hundred
percent (100%) of the amount paid up thereon and nothing more.
3.
DECLARATION OF DIVIDENDS AND RANKING AS TO DIVIDENDS
3.1
The holders of the Class B shares shall not be entitled
to any dividend.
3.2
The holders of the Class A shares shall be entitled,
subject to the following provisions, to receive such dividends as
are declared by the directors of the Corporation.
3.3
The holders of the Class E shares shall, in each fiscal
year of the Corporation, in the discretion of the director or
directors, but always in preference and priority to any payment of
dividends on shares of any other class for such fiscal year, be
entitled, out of any or all profits or surplus available for
dividends, to non-cumulative dividends at the rate of ten percent
(10%) per annum on the Redemption Value of the Class E shares
held by them. If in any such fiscal year, after providing for the
dividend on the Class E shares, there shall remain any profits
or surplus available for dividends, such profits or surplus or any
part thereof may, in the discretion of the director or directors,
be applied to the dividends on shares of other classes. The
holders of the Class E shares shall not be entitled to any
dividend in excess of the non-cumulative dividends at the rate
hereinabove provided for.
3.4
The holders of the Class D shares shall, in each fiscal
year of the Corporation, in the discretion of the director or
directors, but always in preference and priority to any payment of
dividends on shares of any other class except Class E shares for
such fiscal year, be entitled, out of any or all profits or
surplus available for dividends, to non-cumulative dividends at
the rate of ten percent (10%) per annum on the Redemption Value of
the Class D shares held by them. If in any such fiscal year,
after providing for the dividend on the Class D shares, there
shall remain any profits or surplus available for dividends, such
profits or surplus or any part thereof may, in the discretion of
the director or directors, be applied to the dividends on shares
of other classes. The holders of the Class D shares shall not
be entitled to any dividend in excess of the non-cumulative
dividends at the rate hereinabove provided for.
3.5
The holders of the Class F shares shall, in each fiscal
year of the Corporation, in the discretion of the director or
directors, but always in preference and priority to any payment of
dividends on Class A and Class C shares for such fiscal year,
be entitled, out of any or all profits or surplus available for
dividends, to non-cumulative dividends at the rate of ten percent
(10%) per annum on the Redemption Value of the Class F shares
held by them. If in any such fiscal year, after providing for the
dividend on the Class F shares, there shall remain any profits
or surplus available for dividends, such profits or surplus or any
part thereof may, in the discretion of the director or directors,
be applied to the dividends on shares of other classes. The
holders of the Class F shares shall not be entitled to any
dividend in excess of the non-cumulative dividends at the rate
hereinabove provided for.
3.6
The holders of the Class C shares shall, in each fiscal
year of the Corporation, in the discretion of the director or
directors, but always in preference and priority to any payment of
dividends on Class A shares for such fiscal year, be entitled,
out of any or all profits or surplus available for dividends, to
non-cumulative dividends at the rate of ten percent (10%) per
annum on the Redemption Value of the Class C shares held by
them. If in any such fiscal year, after providing for the
dividend on the Class C shares, there shall remain any profits
or surplus available for dividends, such profits or surplus or any
part thereof may, in the discretion of the director or directors,
be applied to the dividends on shares of other classes. The
holders of the Class C shares shall not be entitled to any
dividend in excess of the non-cumulative dividends at the rate
hereinabove provided for.
3.7
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Corporation shall not
be entitled to declare any dividend on shares of any class unless
it shall have, after the payment of such dividend, sufficient
assets to be legally entitled to acquire all of its Class D and
Class E shares pursuant to section 5 hereof.
4.
REDEMPTION OF SHARES AT THE OPTION OF THE CORPORATION
4.1
Subject to the provisions of the
Canada Business
Corporations Act
(the Act), the Corporation may redeem, upon
giving notice as hereinafter provided, the whole or any part of
the Class C, Class D, Class E and Class F; shares without
preference or distinction, on payment for each share to be
redeemed of an amount equal to its Redemption Value together with
all dividends declared thereon and unpaid. If only part of the
then outstanding Class C, Class D, Class E and Class F
shares are, at any time, to be redeemed, the shares so to be
redeemed shall be selected in such manner as the director or
directors in their discretion shall decide and the director or
directors may choose to redeem shares of one class only or of
several classes or, if the director or directors so determine, the
shares to be redeemed may be redeemed pro rata, disregarding
fractions, and the director or directors may make such adjustments
as may be necessary to avoid the redemption of fractions of
shares. Not less than thirty (30) days notice in writing of such
redemption shall be given by mailing such notice to the registered
holders of the shares to be redeemed, specifying the date and
place or places of redemption. If notice of any such redemption
be given by the Corporation in the manner aforesaid and an amount
sufficient to redeem the shares be deposited with any trust
company of chartered bank in Canada as specified in the notice on
or before the date fixed for redemption, dividends on the shares
to be redeemed shall cease after the date so fixed for redemption
and the holders thereof shall thereafter have no rights against
the Corporation in respect thereof except, upon the surrender of
certificates for such shares, to receive payment thereof out of
the money so deposited. After the redemption price of such shares
has been deposited with any trust company or chartered bank in
Canada as aforesaid, notice shall be given to the holders of any
share called for redemption who have failed to present
certificates representing
shares to be redeemed within two (2) months of the date specified
for redemption that the money has been so deposited and may be
obtained by the holders of the said shares upon presentation of the
certificates representing such shares called for redemption at the
said trust company or chartered bank. Notwithstanding the
foregoing, the Corporation shall not be entitled to redeem shares of
any class unless it shall have, after such redemption, sufficient
assets to be legally entitled to acquire all of its Class D and
Class E shares pursuant to section 5 hereof.
5.
REDEMPTION OF SHARES AT THE OPTION OF THE HOLDER
5.1
The holders of the Class D and Class E shares shall
be entitled to require the Corporation to redeem, at any time and
from time to time after the date of issue of any Class D or
Class E share upon giving notice as hereinafter provided, all or
any number of Class D and Class E shares registered in the
name of such holders in the books of the Corporation for a price
equal to their Redemption Value together with all dividends
declared thereon and unpaid.
5.2
The holder of the Class D and Class E shares
exercising his option to have the Corporation redeem his shares,
shall give notice to the Corporation, which notice shall set out
the date on which the Corporation is to redeem the said shares,
which date shall not be earlier than ten (10) days nor later than
thirty (30) days from the date of the notice and if the holder
desires to have less than all of the Class D and Class E
shares registered in his name redeemed by the Corporation, the
number of the holders shares to be redeemed. The date on which
the redemption, at the option of the holder, is to occur is
hereinafter referred to as the Optional Redemption Date.
5.3
Upon delivery to the Corporation of a share certificate
or of share certificates representing the Class D and Class E
shares which the holder desires to have the Corporation redeem,
the Corporation shall, on the Optional Redemption Date, to the
extent permitted by the applicable law, redeem such shares by
paying to the registered holder thereof the redemption price
therefor.
5.4
Upon payment of the redemption price of the Class D and
Class E shares so redeemed by the Corporation, the holders
thereof shall cease to be entitled to dividends or to exercise any
rights of the holders in respect thereof.
5.5
Should the redemption by the Corporation on any Optional
Redemption Date of any Class D and Class E shares to be
redeemed on such date be contrary to applicable law, the
Corporation shall not redeem more than the maximum number of Class
D and Class E shares, rounded to the next lower multiple of
one, which the Corporation determines it is then permitted to
redeem, such redemptions to be made, disregarding fractions of
shares and in proportion to the Redemption Value of the Class D
and Class E shares required to be redeemed, and the Corporation
shall issue. new certificates representing the Class D and
Class E shares not redeemed by the Corporation and the
Corporation shall redeem in the manner contemplated by
paragraph 4.1 hereof on each redemption date thereafter the maximum
number of such Class D and Class E shares as would then not be
contrary to applicable law.
6.
PURCHASE OF SHARES
6.1
The Corporation shall have the right, at its option at
any time and from time to time, subject to the provisions of the
Act, to purchase for cancellation out of surplus or subject to the
Act to purchase otherwise, the whole or any part of the Class C,
Class D, Class E and Class F shares then outstanding
pursuant to tenders received by the Corporation upon request for
tenders addressed to all holders of Class C, Class D, Class
E and Class F shares at the lowest price at which, in the
opinion of the director or directors, such shares are obtainable
but not exceeding their Redemption Value together with all
dividends declared thereon and unpaid. If, in response to an
invitation for tenders, two (2) or more shareholders submit
tenders for shares of the same class at the same price and if such
tenders are accepted by the Corporation in whole or in part, then,
unless the Corporation accepts all such tenders in whole, the
Corporation shall accept such tenders in proportion as near as may
be to the number of shares of the same class offered in each such
tender. The director or directors may choose to purchase for
cancellation or purchase otherwise shares of one class only or of
several classes. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Corporation
shall not be entitled to purchase for cancellation or purchase
otherwise shares of any class, unless it shall have, after such
purchase, sufficient assets to be legally entitled to acquire all
of its Class D and Class E shares pursuant to section 5
hereof.
7.
REDEMPTION VALUE
7.1
For purposes of application of the provisions hereof, the
Redemption Value of each Class C, Class D, Class E and Class
F share shall be equal to:
7.1.1
in the case of a share issued for a consideration in
money, the amount of the consideration for which it was issued;
7.1.2
in the case of a share issued for a consideration other
than money, the fair market value of the consideration for which
the share was issued. The fair market value of the consideration
for which the share was issued shall be determined by the director
or directors of the Corporation by resolution upon the issuance of
the share (Determined Redemption Value). The said determination
shall be final and binding provided that, if at any time the
Minister of National Revenue or the Minister of Revenue of any
province of Canada makes or proposes to make any tax assessment or
reassessment based on the assumption that the fair market value of
the consideration for which the share was issued was higher or
lower than the Determined Redemption Value, then the Redemption
Value of such share shall be increased or decreased so that it
shall be equal to the amount finally determined to The fair market
value of the consideration for which the share was issued. Any
such determination shall be deemed to be a final determination if
it is made pursuant to an assessment or reassessment by the
Minister of National Revenue or the Minister of Revenue of any
province of Canada and no appeal is taken therefrom or if any
agreement is reached between any holder of the share and any such
taxing authority in settlement of a dispute regarding such
determination or if determined by a court or tribunal of competent
jurisdiction and no appeal is taken therefrom.
7.2
Should a redemption, either pursuant to section 4 or to
section 5 hereof, of Class C, Class D, Class E or Class F
shares have occurred or should the Corporation have paid dividends
calculated on the Determined Redemption Value of the Class C,
Class D, Class E or Class F shares before an increase or
decrease in the Redemption Value of the Class C, Class D,
Class E or Class F shares resulting from the application of
paragraph 7.1.2 hereof, then:
7.2.1
in case of an increase in the Redemption Value of shares
of any such class, the Corporation shall pay to any person whose
shares were redeemed at the Determined Redemption Value for shares
of such class an amount equal to the difference between the
increased Redemption Value for shares of such class and the
Determined Redemption Value for shares of such class and shall pay
to any person who received dividends based on the Determined
Redemption Value for shares of such class the difference between
such dividends and dividends as calculated on the increased
Redemption Value: for shares of such class, which amount shall
bear interest at the annual prime rate of the Royal Bank of
Canada, running from the date of the redemption or the date of the
payment of the dividend, whichever may be the case;
7.2.2
in case of a decrease in the Redemption Value for shares
of such class, the person whose shares were redeemed either
pursuant to section 4 or to section 5 hereof at the Determined
Redemption Value for shares of such class or who received
dividends calculated on the Determined Redemption Value for shares
of such class shall reimburse to the Corporation an amount equal
to the difference between the Determined Redemption Value for
shares of such class and the decreased Redemption Value for shares
of such class in the case of a redemption and the difference
between the dividend calculated on the Determined Redemption Value
for shares of such class and the dividend calculated on the
decreased Redemption Value for shares of such class in the case of
the payment of a dividend, which amount shall bear interest at the
annual prime rate of the Royal Bank of Canada, running from the
date of the redemption or the date of the payment of the dividend,
whichever may be the case.
8.
AMENDMENTS SUBJECT TO CONFIRMATION BY ARTICLES OF AMENDMENT
8.1
Subject to confirmation by articles of amendment and the
issue of a Certificate of Amendment, the director or directors of
the Corporation may, at any time or times or from time to time,
adopt a resolution or resolutions whereby the terms hereof and of
the foregoing paragraphs may be altered, amended or repealed or
the application thereof suspended in any particular case and
changes made in the rights, privileges, restrictions and
conditions attached to the shares of the Corporation, but no such
resolution shall have any force or effect until after it has been
sanctioned by the vote of the holders of at least seventy-five
percent (75%) in value of the voting shares
then outstanding and of at least seventy-five percent (75%) in value
of shares of each class affected by such amendment, in each case
voting separately as a class at a meeting or meetings specially
called for such purpose.
1.
The Corporation will be a closed company as defined in the
Securities
Act
(Quebec) and accordingly:
1.1
the free transfer of shares of its capital stock will
be restricted according to its articles;
1.2
the distribution to the public of securities issued
by the Corporation will be prohibited; and
1.3
the number of its shareholders, exclusive of present
or former employees of the Corporation or of a subsidiary, will
be limited to fifty (50).
Exhibit 1.2
Articles of Amendment of Genoil Inc. dated June 27, 1996
Canada Business
Corporations Act
Loi regissant les societes
par actions de regime federal
FORM 4
ARTICLES OF AMENDMENT
(SECTIONS 27 OR 177)
FORMULE 4
CLAUSES MODIFICATRICES
(ARTICLES 27 OU 177)
1- Name of Corporation Denomination de la societe
2- Corporation No. No de la societe
3- The Articles of the above-named corporation are amended as follows:
Les statuts de la societe mentionnee ci-dessus sont modifis de la facon suivante:
1. | reducing the authorized capital of the Corporation by canceling the Class B, Class C, Class D, Class E and Class F shares which are authorized but unissued; | ||
2. | increasing the authorized capital of the Corporation by creating an unlimited number of common shares; | ||
3. | changing and reclassifying the 100 issued and outstanding Class A shares as 1 common share; | ||
4. | declaring that the authorized capital of the Corporation, after giving effect to the foregoing, shall consist of an unlimited number of common shares; | ||
5. | deleting the restrictions with respect to the issue, transfer or ownership of shares set out in Section 4 of the Articles of Incorporation dated April 1, 1996 in their entirety; | ||
6. | deleting Schedule 2 of Section 7 of the Articles of Incorporation dated April 1, 1996 in its entity; |
DATE | SIGNATURE | TITLE TITRE | ||
FOR DEPARTMENTAL USE
ONLY A LUSAGE DU MINISTERE SEULEMENT
FILED DEPOSEE |
Exhibit 1.3
By-law No. 1 of Genoil Inc. as amended dated October 25, 2001
BY-LAW NO. 1
as amended October 25, 2001
A by-law relating generally to the transaction of the business and affairs of
GENOIL INC.
CONTENTS
Section I
Section II Section III Section IV Section V Section VI Section VII Section VIII Section IX Section X Section XI |
|
Interpretation
Business of the Corporation Borrowing and Securities Directors Committees Officers Protection of Directors, Officers and Others Shares Meetings of Shareholders Notices Effective Date |
BE IT ENACTED as a by-law of the Corporation as follows:
SECTION I
INTERPRETATION
1.1 | Definitions In the by-laws of the Corporation, unless the context otherwise requires: |
Act means the Canada Business Corporations Act and any statute that may be substituted therefor, as from time to time amended; | ||
appoint includes elect and vice versa; | ||
articles means the articles attached to the certificate of incorporation dated April 1, 1996, of the Corporation as from time to time amended or restated; | ||
board means the board of directors of the Corporation; | ||
by-laws means this by-law and all other by-laws of the Corporation from time to time in force and effect; | ||
meeting of shareholders means an annual meeting of shareholders and a special meeting of shareholders; special meeting of shareholders means a special meeting of all shareholders entitled to vote at an annual meeting of shareholders; |
non-business day means Saturday, Sunday and any other day that is a holiday as defined in the Interpretation Act (Canada); | ||
recorded address means in the case of a shareholder his address as recorded in the securities register; and in the case of joint shareholders the address appearing in the securities register in respect of such joint holding or the first address so appearing if there are more than one; and in the case of a director, officer, auditor or member of a committee of the board, his latest address as recorded in the records of the Corporation; address included in all cases a telex number; | ||
signing officer means, in relation to any instrument, any person authorized to sign the same on behalf of the Corporation by subsection 2.4 or by a resolution passed pursuant thereto; | ||
unanimous shareholder agreement means a written agreement among all the shareholders of the Corporation; or among all such shareholders and a person who is not a shareholder, that restricts in whole or in part, the powers of the directors to manage the business and affairs of the Corporation, as from time to time amended. |
Save as aforesaid, words and expressions defined in the Act have the same meanings when used herein; and words importing the singular number include the plural and vice versa; words importing gender include the masculine, feminine and neuter genders; and words importing persons include individuals, bodies corporate, partnerships, trusts and unincorporated organizations.
SECTION II
2.1 Registered Office Until changed in accordance with the Act, the registered office of the Corporation will be located at the place indicated in its articles at the address determined from time to time by the board.
2.2 Corporate Seal Unless the Corporation adopts one by resolution of the board, the Corporation shall have no corporate seal.
2.3 Financial Year Until changed by the board, the financial year of the Corporation shall end on the last day of December in each year.
2.4 Execution of Instruments Deeds, transfers, assignments, contracts, obligations, certificates and other instruments may be signed on behalf of the Corporation by the chairman of the board, president, managing director, director, secretary or as the directors may otherwise authorize, from time to time, by resolution. Any such authorization may be general or confined to specific instances. In addition, the board may from time to time direct the manner in which the person or persons by whom any particular instrument or class of instruments may or shall be signed. Any signing officer may affix the corporate seal to any instrument requiring the same.
2.5 Declarations The president, any vice-president, treasurer, secretary, secretary-treasurer, general manger, chairman of the board, managing-director, or any other officer or person nominated for the purpose by the president or any vice-president are, and any one of them is, authorized and empowered to appear and make answer for, on behalf and in the name of the Corporation to all writs, orders and interrogatories upon articulated facts issued out of any court and to declare for, on behalf and in the name of the Corporation any answer to writs of attachment by way of garnishment in which the Corporation is garnishee and to make all affidavits and
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sworn declarations in connection therewith or in connection with any and all judicial proceedings to which the Corporation is a party and to make demands of abandonment or petitions for winding-up or bankruptcy orders upon any debtor of the Corporation and to attend and vote at all meetings of creditors of the Corporations debtors and grant proxies in connection therewith, and may generally do all such things in respect thereof as they deem to be in the best interests of the Corporation.
2.6 Banking Arrangements The banking business of the Corporation including, without limitation, the borrowing of money and the giving of security therefor, shall be transacted with such banks, trust companies or other bodies corporate or organizations as may from time to time be designated by or under the authority of the board. Such banking business or any part thereof shall be transacted under such agreements, instructions and delegations or power as the board may from time to time prescribe or authorize.
2.7 Voting Rights in Other Bodies Corporate The signing officers of the Corporation may execute and deliver proxies and arrange for the issuance of voting certificates or other evidence of the right to exercise the voting rights attaching to any securities held by the Corporation. Such instruments, certificates or other evidence shall be in favour of such person or persons as may be determined by the officers executing such proxies or arranging for the issuance of voting certificates or such other evidence of the right to exercise such voting rights. In addition, the board may, from time to time, direct the manner in which and the person or persons by whom any particular voting rights or class of voting rights may or shall be exercised.
SECTION III
BORROWING AND SECURITIES
3.1 Borrowing Power The Board of Directors has the borrowing powers provided by the Law.
SECTION IV
DIRECTORS
4.1 Number of Directors and Quorum Until changed in accordance with the Act, the board shall consist of not fewer than one (1) and not more than nine (9) directors. The directors may, from time to time, fix by resolution the quorum for meetings of the board of directors and, until otherwise decided by resolution of the board, and under reserve of any unanimous shareholders agreement, a quorum for all meetings of the board shall consist of a majority of the number of directors then in office.
4.2 Qualification No person shall be qualified for election as a director if he is less than eighteen (18) years of age; if he is of unsound mind and has been so found by a court in Canada or elsewhere; if he is not an individual; or if he has the status of a bankrupt. A director need not be a shareholder. A majority of the directors shall be resident Canadians.
4.3 Election, Number and Term The election of directors shall take place at the first meeting of shareholders and at each annual meeting of shareholders and all the directors then in office shall retire but, if qualified, shall be eligible for re-election. The number of directors to be elected at any such meeting shall be the number of directors then in office unless the directors or the shareholders otherwise determine. The election shall be by resolution. If an election of directors is not held at the proper time, the incumbent directors shall continue in office until their successors are elected.
4.4 Removal of Directors Subject to the provisions of the Act and to the provisions of any unanimous shareholders agreement, the shareholders may by ordinary resolution passed at a special meeting remove any
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director from office and the vacancy created by such removal may be filled at the same meeting, failing which it may be filled by the directors.
4.5 Vacation of Office A director ceases to hold office when: he dies; he is removed from office by the shareholders; he ceases to be qualified for election as a director; or his written resignation is sent or delivered to the Corporation, or if a time is specified in such resignation, at the time so specified, whichever is later.
4.6 Vacancies Subject to the Act, a quorum of the board may fill a vacancy in the board, except a vacancy resulting from an increase in the minimum number of directors or from a failure of the shareholders to elect the minimum number of directors. In the absence of a quorum of the board, or if the vacancy has arisen from a failure of the shareholders to elect the minimum number of directors, the board shall forthwith call a special meeting of shareholders to fill the vacancy. If the board fails to call such meeting or if there are no such directors then in office, any shareholder may call the meeting.
4.7 Action by the Board Subject to any unanimous shareholder agreement, the board shall manage the business and affairs of the Corporation. Subject to subsection 4.8, the powers of the board may be exercised by resolution passed at a meeting at which a quorum is present or by resolution in writing signed by all the directors entitled to vote on that resolution at a meeting of the board. Where there is a vacancy in the board, the remaining directors may exercise all the powers of the board so long as a quorum remains in office.
4.8 Meetings by Telephone If all directors consent, a director may participate in a meeting of the board or of a committee of the board by means of such telephone or other communication facilities as permit all persons participating in the meeting to hear each other, and a director participating in such a meeting by such means is deemed to be present at the meeting. Any such consent shall be effective whether given before or after the meeting to which it relates and may be given with respect to all meetings of the board and of committees of the board held while a director holds office.
4.9 Place of Meetings Meetings of the board may be held at any place in or outside Canada unless the directors decide otherwise by unanimous resolution.
4.10 Calling of Meetings Meetings of the board shall be held from time to time and at such place as the board, the chairman of the board, the managing director, the president or any two directors may determine.
4.11 Notice of Meeting Notice of the time and place and each meeting of the board shall be given in the manner provided in subsection 10.1 to each director not less than forty-eight (48) hours before the time when the meeting is to be held. A notice of a meeting of directors need not specify the purpose of, or the business to be transacted at the meeting except where the Act requires such purpose of business to be specified, including any proposal to:
(a) | submit to the shareholders any question or matter requiring approval of the shareholders; | ||
(b) | fill a vacancy among the directors or in the office of auditor; | ||
(c) | issue securities; | ||
(d) | declare dividends; | ||
(e) | purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire shares of the Corporation; |
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(f) | pay a commission for the sale of shares; | ||
(g) | approve a management proxy circular; | ||
(h) | approve a take-over bid circular or directors circular; | ||
(i) | approve any annual financial statements; or | ||
(j) | adopt, amend or repeal by-laws. |
A director may in any manner waive notice of or otherwise consent to a meeting of the board and attendance of a director at a meeting of directors is a waiver of notice of the meeting, except where a director attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting to the transaction of any business on the grounds that the meeting is not lawfully called.
4.12 First Meeting of New Board Provided a quorum of directors is present, each newly elected board may without notice hold its first meeting immediately following the meeting of shareholders at which such board is elected.
4.13 Adjourned Meeting Notice of an adjourned meeting of the board is not required if the time and place of the adjourned meeting is announced at the original meeting.
4.14 Regular Meetings The board may appoint a day or days in any month or months for regular meetings of the board at a place and hour to be named. A copy of any resolution of the board fixing the place and time of such regular meetings shall be sent to each director forthwith after being passed, but no other notice shall be required for any such regular meeting except where the Act requires the purpose thereof or the business to be transacted thereat to be specified.
4.15 Chairman The chairman of any meeting of the board shall be the first mentioned of such of the following officers as have been appointed and who is a director and is present at the meeting: chairman of the board, managing director, president, or a vice-president who is a director. If no such officer is present, the directors present shall choose one from amongst them to be chairman.
4.16 Votes to Govern At all meetings of the board every question shall be decided by a majority of the votes cast on the question. In the event of a tie the chairman of the meeting shall not be entitled to a second or casting vote.
4.17 Conflict of Interest A director or officer who is a party to, or who is a director of officer of or has a material interest in any person who is a party to, a material contract or proposed material contract with the Corporation, shall disclose the nature and extent of his interest at the time and in the manner provided by the Act.
4.18 Remuneration and Expenses Subject to any unanimous shareholder agreement, the directors shall be paid such remuneration for their services as the board may from time to time determine. The directors shall also be entitled to be reimbursed for traveling and other expenses properly incurred by them in attending meetings of the board or any committee thereof. Nothing herein contained shall preclude any director from serving the Corporation in any other capacity and receiving remuneration therefor.
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4.19 Only One Director Where the Corporation has only one (1) director, that director shall constitute the board and a meeting.
SECTION V
COMMITTEES
5.1 Committee of Directors The board may appoint a committee of directors, however designated, and delegate to such committee any of the powers of the board except those which, under the Act, a committee of directors has no authority to exercise. A majority of the members of such committee shall be resident Canadians.
5.2 Transaction of Business Subject to the provisions of subsection 4.8, the powers of a committee of directors may be exercised by a meeting at which a quorum is present or by resolution in writing signed by all the members of such committee who would have been entitled to vote on that resolution at a meeting of the committee. Meetings of such committee may be held at any place in or outside Canada.
SECTION VI
OFFICERS
6.1 Appointment Subject to any unanimous shareholder agreement, the board may, from time to time, appoint a president, one or more vice-presidents (to which title may be added words indicating seniority or function), a secretary, a treasurer and such other officers as the board may determine, including one or more assistants to any of the officers so appointed. The board may specify the duties of and, in accordance with this by-law and subject to the provisions of the Act, delegate to such officers powers to manage the business and affairs of the Corporation. Subject to subsections 6.2 and 6.3, an officer may but need not be a director and one person may hold more than one office.
6.2 Chairman of the Board The board may, from time to time, also appoint a chairman of the board who shall be a director. If appointed, the board may assign to him any of the powers and duties that are by any provisions of this by-law assigned to the managing director or to the president; and he shall, subject to the provisions of the Act, have such other powers and duties as the board may specify. During the absence or disability of the chairman of the board, his duties shall be performed and his powers exercised by the managing director, if any, or by the president.
6.3 Managing Director The board may, from time to time, appoint a managing director who shall be a resident Canadian and a director. If appointed, he shall be the chief executive officer and, subject to the authority of the board, shall have general supervision of the business and affairs of the Corporation and he shall, subject to the provisions of the Act, have such other powers and duties as the board may specify. During the absence or disability of the president, or if no president has been appointed, the managing director shall have the powers and duties of that office.
6.4 President If appointed, the president shall be the chief operating officer and, subject to the authority of the board, shall have general supervision of the business of the Corporation; and he shall have such other powers and duties as the board may specify. During the absence or disability of the managing director, or if no managing director has been appointed, the president shall also have the powers and duties of that office.
6.5 Vice-President A vice-president shall have such powers and duties as the board or the chief executive officer may specify.
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6.6 Secretary The secretary shall attend and be the secretary of all meetings of the board, shareholders and committees of the board and shall enter or cause to be entered in records kept for that purpose minutes of all proceedings thereat; he shall give or cause to be given, as and when instructed, all notices to shareholders, directors, officers, auditors and members of committees of the board; he shall be the custodian of the stamp or mechanical device generally used for affixing the corporate seal of the Corporation and of all books, papers, records, documents and instruments belonging to the Corporation, except when some other officer of agent has been appointed for that purpose; and he shall have such other powers and duties as the board or the chief executive officer may specify.
6.7 Treasurer The treasurer shall keep proper accounting records in compliance with the Act and shall be responsible for the deposit of money, the safekeeping of securities and the disbursement of the funds of the Corporation; he shall render to the board whenever required an account of all his transactions as treasurer and of the financial position of the Corporation; and he shall have such other powers and duties as the board or the chief executive officer may specify.
6.8 Powers and Duties of Other Officers The powers and duties of all other officers shall be such as the terms of their engagement call for or as the board or the chief executive officer may specify. Any of the powers and duties of an officer to whom an assistant has been appointed may be exercised and performed by such assistant, unless the board or the chief executive officer otherwise directs.
6.9 Variation of Powers and Duties The board may, from time to time and subject to the provisions of the Act, vary, add to or limit the powers and duties of any officer.
6.10 Term of Office The board, in its discretion, but subject to the provisions of any unanimous shareholders agreement may remove any officer of the Corporation, without prejudice to such officers rights under any employment contract. Otherwise each officer appointed by the board shall hold office until his successor is appointed.
6.11 Terms of Employment and Remuneration The terms of employment and the remuneration of officers appointed by the board shall be settled by it from time to time.
6.12 Conflict of Interest An officer shall disclose his interest in any material contract or proposed material contract with the Corporation in accordance with subsection 4.18.
6.13 Agents and Attorneys The board shall have the power from time to time to appoint agents or attorneys for the Corporation in or outside Canada with such powers of management or otherwise including the power to sub-delegate as may be thought fit.
6.14 Fidelity Bonds The board may require such officers, employees and agents of the Corporation as the board deems advisable to furnish bonds for the faithful discharge of their powers and duties, in such form and with such surety as the board may from time to time determine.
SECTION VII
7.1 Limitation of Liability No director or officer shall be liable for the acts, receipts, neglects or defaults, of any other director or officer or employee, or for joining in any receipt or other act for conformity, or for any loss, damage or expense happening to the Corporation through the insufficiency or deficiency of title to any
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property acquired for or on behalf of the Corporation, or for the insufficiency or deficiency of any security in or upon which any of the moneys of the Corporation shall be invested, or for any loss or damage arising from the bankruptcy, insolvency or tortious acts of any person with whom any of the moneys, securities or effects of the Corporation shall be deposited, or for any loss occasioned by any error of judgment or oversight on his part, or for any other loss, damage or misfortune whatever which shall happen in the execution of the duties of his office of in relation thereto, unless the same are occasioned by his own willful neglect or default; provided that nothing herein shall relieve any director or officer from the duty to act in accordance with the Act and the regulations thereunder or from liability for any breach thereof.
7.2 Indemnity Subject to the limitations contained in the Act, the Corporation shall indemnify a director or officer, a former director or officer, or a person who acts or acted at the Corporations request as a director or officer of a body corporate of which the Corporation is or was a shareholder or creditor (or a person who undertakes or has undertaken any liability on behalf of the Corporation or any such body corporate) and his heirs and legal representatives, against all costs, charges and expenses, including an amount paid to settle an action or satisfy a judgment, reasonably incurred by him in respect of any civil, criminal or administrative action or proceeding to which he is made a party by reason of being or having been a director or officer of the Corporation or such body corporate, if
(a) | he acted honestly and in good faith with a view to the best interests of the Corporation; and | ||
(b) | in the case of a criminal or administrative action or proceeding that is enforced by a monetary penalty, he had reasonable grounds for believing that his conduct was lawful. |
SECTION VIII
SHARES
8.1 Allotment The board may, from time to time, allot or grant options to purchase the whole or any part of the authorized and unissued shares of the Corporation at such times and to such persons and for such consideration as the board shall determine, provided that no share shall be issued until it is fully paid as prescribed by the Act.
8.2 Commissions The board may from time to time authorize the Corporation to pay a commission to any person in consideration of his purchasing or agreeing to purchase shares of the Corporation, whether from the Corporation or from any person, or procuring or agreeing to procure purchases for any such shares.
8.3 Registration of Transfer Subject to the provisions of the Act, no transfer of shares shall be registered in a securities register except upon presentation of the certificate representing such shares with a transfer endorsed thereon or delivery therewith duly executed by the registered holder or by his attorney or successor duly appointed, together with such reasonable assurance or evidence of signature, identification and authority to transfer as the board may from time to time prescribe, upon payment of all applicable taxes and any fees prescribed by the board, upon compliance with such restrictions on transfer as are authorized by the articles and the by-laws.
8.4 Lien for Indebtedness If the articles provide that the Corporation shall have a lien on shares registered in the name of a shareholder indebted to the Corporation, such lien may be enforced, subject to any other provision of the articles and to any unanimous shareholder agreement, by the sale of the shares thereby affected of by any other action, suit, remedy or proceeding authorized or permitted by law or by equity and, pending such enforcement, may refuse to register a transfer of the whole or any part of such shares.
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8.5 Share Certificates Every holder of one or more shares of the Corporation shall be entitled, at his option, to a share certificate, or to a non-transferable written acknowledgement of his right to obtain a share certificate, stating the number and class or series of shares held by him as shown on the securities register. Share certificates and acknowledgements of a shareholders right to a share certificate, respectively, shall be in such form as the board shall from time to time approve. Any share certificate shall be signed in accordance with subsection 2.4 and need not be under the corporate seal; unless the board otherwise determines that certificates representing shares in respect of which a transfer agent and/or registrar has been appointed shall not be valid unless countersigned by or on behalf of such transfer agent and/or registrar. The signature of one of the signing officers or, in the case of share certificates which are not valid unless countersigned by or on behalf of a transfer agent and/or registrar, the signatures of both signing officers, may be printed or mechanically reproduced in facsimile upon share certificates and every such facsimile signature shall for all purposes be deemed to be the signature of the officer whose signature it reproduces and shall be binding upon the Corporation.
8.6 Replacement of Share Certificates The board or any officer or agent designated by the board may in its or his discretion direct the issue of a new share certificate in lieu of and upon cancellation of a share certificate that has been mutilated or in substitution for a share certificate claimed to have been lost, destroyed or wrongfully taken, upon payment of such fee, not exceeding three dollars, upon providing for the indemnification and reimbursement of expenses and upon proof of loss of said share certificate as the board may from time to time prescribe, whether generally or in any particular case.
8.7 Joint Shareholders If two or more persons are registered as joint holders of any share, the Corporation shall be not be bound to issues more than one certificate in respect thereof, and delivery of such certificate to one of such persons shall be sufficient delivery to all of them. Any one of such persons may give effectual receipts for the certificates issued in respect thereof or for any dividend, bonus, return of capital or other money payable or warrant issuable in respect of such share.
8.8 Deceased Shareholders In the event of the death of a holder, or of one of the joint holders, of any share, the Corporation shall not be required to make any entry in the securities registrar in respect thereof or to make payment of any dividends thereon except upon production of all such documents as may be required by law and upon compliance with the reasonable requirements of the Corporation and its transfer agents.
SECTION IX
MEETINGS OF SHAREHOLDERS
9.1 Annual Meetings The annual meeting of shareholders shall be held at such time in each year and, subject to subsection 9.3, at such place as the board, the chairman of the board, the managing director or the president may from time to time determine, for the purpose of considering the financial statements and reports required by the Act to be placed before the annual meeting, electing directors, appointing auditors and for the transaction of such other business as may properly be brought before the meeting.
9.2 Special Meetings The board, the chairman of the board, the managing director or the president shall have power to call a special meeting of shareholders at any time. The president or the secretary of the Corporation shall, upon receipt of a request signed by the registered holders of at least ten percent (10%) of the issued voting shares of the Corporation, call a special general meeting of the shareholders of the Corporation by way of written notice given in accordance with subsection 10.1 accompanied by an agenda specifying the date,
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time, place and purpose of the meeting, to be addressed to each shareholder having the right to vote at such meeting.
9.3 Place of Meetings Meetings of shareholders shall be held at the registered office of the Corporation or elsewhere in the municipality in which the registered office is situate or, if the board shall so determine, at some other place in Canada or, if all the shareholders entitled to vote at the meeting so agree, at some place outside Canada.
9.4 Notice of Meetings Notice of the time and place of each meeting of shareholders shall be given in the manner provided in subsection 10.1 not less than twenty-one (21) nor more than fifty (50) days before the date of the meeting to each director, to the auditor and to each shareholder who at the close of business on the record date for notice, if any, is entered in the securities registrar as the holder of one or more shares carrying the right to vote at the meeting. Notice of a meeting of shareholders called for any purpose other than consideration of the financial statements and auditors report, election of directors and re-appointment of the incumbent auditor shall state the nature of such business in sufficient detail to permit the shareholder to form a reasoned judgment thereon and shall state the text of any special resolution to be submitted to the meeting. A shareholder and any other person entitled to attend a meeting of shareholders may in any manner waive notice of or otherwise consent to a meeting of shareholders, and attendance of any such person at a meeting for the express purpose of objecting to the transaction of any business on the grounds that the meeting is not lawfully called.
9.5 Meetings without Notice A meeting of shareholders may be held without notice at any such time and place permitted by the Act (a) if all the shareholders entitled to vote thereat are present in person or represented by proxy of if those not present or represented by proxy waive notice of or otherwise consent to such meeting being held, and (b) if the auditors and the directors are present or waive notice of or otherwise consent to such meeting being held. At such a meeting any business may be transacted which the Corporation at a meeting of shareholders may transact. If the meeting is held at a place outside Canada, shareholders not present or represented by proxy, but who have waived notice of or otherwise consented to such meeting, shall also be deemed to have consented to the meeting being held at such place.
9.6 Chairman, Secretary and Scrutineers The chairman of any meeting of shareholders shall be the first mentioned of such of the following officers as have been appointed and who is present at the meeting: president, managing director, chairman of the board, or a vice-president who is a shareholder. If no such officer is present within fifteen (15) minutes from the time fixed for holding the meeting, the persons present and entitled to vote shall choose one from amongst them to be chairman. If the secretary of the Corporation is absent, the chairman shall appoint some person, who need not be a shareholder, to act as secretary of the meeting. If desired, one or more scrutineers, who need not be shareholders, may be appointed by a resolution or by the chairman with the consent of those present at the meeting.
9.7 Persons Entitled to be Present The only persons entitled to be present at a meeting of shareholders shall be those entitled to vote thereat, the directors and auditors of the Corporation and others who, although not entitled to vote, are entitled to or required under any provision of the Act or the articles or by-laws to be present at the meeting. Any other person may be admitted only on the invitation of the chairman of the meeting or with the consent of those present at the meeting.
9.8 Quorum A quorum for the transaction of business at any meeting of shareholders shall be composed of those persons who are shareholders entitled to vote thereat or a duly appointed proxyholder for an absent shareholder so entitled, and together holding or representing by proxy more than ten percent (10%) of the
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outstanding shares of the Corporation entitled to vote at the meeting. If a quorum is present at the opening of any meeting of shareholders, the shareholders present or represented by proxy may proceed with the business of the meeting notwithstanding that a quorum is not present throughout the meeting. If quorum is not present at the opening of any meeting of shareholders, the shareholders present or represented by proxy may adjourn the meeting to a fixed time and place but may not transact any other business.
9.9 Right to Vote Every person shall be entitled to vote at the meeting who at the time is entered in the securities register as the holder of one or more shares carrying the right to vote at such meeting.
9.10 Proxies Every shareholder entitled to vote at a meeting of shareholders may appoint a proxyholder, or one or more alternative proxyholders, who need not be shareholders, to attend and act at the meeting in the manner and to the extent authorized and with the authority conferred by the proxy. A proxy shall be in writing executed by the shareholder or his attorney and shall conform with the requirements of the Act.
9.11 Time for Deposit of Proxies The board may specify in a notice calling a meeting of shareholders a time, preceding the time of such meeting by not more than forty-eight (48) hours excluding non-business days, before which time proxies to be used at such meeting must be deposited. A proxy shall be acted upon only if, prior to the time so specified, it shall have been deposited with the Corporation or an agent thereof specified in such notice or, if no such time is specified in such notice, unless it has been received by the secretary of the Corporation or by the chairman of the meeting or any adjournment thereof prior to the time of voting.
9.12 Joint Shareholders If two or more persons hold shares jointly, any one of them present in person or represented by proxy at a meeting of shareholders may, in the absence of the other or others, vote the shares; but if two or more of those persons are present, in person or by proxy vote, they shall vote as one on the shares jointly held by them.
9.13 Votes to Govern At any meeting of shareholders every question shall, unless otherwise required by the articles or by-laws or by-law, be determined by the majority of the votes cast on the question. In the event of a tie, either upon a show of hands or upon a poll, the chairman of the meeting shall not be entitled to a second or casting vote.
9.14 Show of Hands Subject to the provisions of the Act, any question at a meeting of shareholders shall be decided by a show of hands unless a ballot thereon is required or demanded as hereinafter provided. Upon a show of hands every person who is present and entitled to vote shall have one vote. Whenever a vote by show of hands shall have been taken upon a question, unless a ballot thereon is so required or demanded, a declaration by the chairman of the meeting that the vote upon the question has been carried or carried by a particular majority or not carried and an entry to that effect in the minutes of the meeting shall be prima facie evidence of the fact without proof of the number or proportion of the votes recorded in favour of or against any resolution or other proceeding in respect of the said question, and the result of the vote so taken shall be the decision of the shareholders upon the said question.
9.15 Ballots On any question proposed for consideration at a meeting of shareholders, and whether or not a show of hands has been taken thereon, any shareholder or proxyholder entitled to vote at the meeting may require or demand a ballot. A ballot so required or demand shall be taken in such manner as the chairman shall direct. A requirement or demand for a ballot may be withdrawn at any time prior to the taking of the ballot. If a ballot is taken each person present shall be entitled, in respect of the shares which he is entitled to vote, to that
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number of votes provided by the Act or the articles, and the result of the ballot so taken shall be the decision of the shareholders upon the said question.
9.16 Adjournment If a meeting of shareholders is adjourned for less than thirty (30) days, it shall not be necessary to give notice of the adjourned meeting, other than by announcement at the earliest meeting that is adjourned. If a meeting of shareholders is adjourned by one or more adjournments for an aggregate of thirty (30) days or more, notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given as for an original meeting.
9.17 Resolution in Writing A resolution in writing signed by all the shareholders entitled to vote on that resolution at a meeting of shareholders is as valid as if it had been passed at a meeting of the shareholders unless a written statement with respect to the subject matter of the resolution is submitted by a director or the auditors in accordance with the Act.
9.18 Only One Shareholder Where the Corporation has only one shareholder or only on holder of any class or series of shares, the shareholder present in person or by proxy constitutes a meeting.
SECTION X
NOTICES
10.1 Method of Giving Notices Any notice (which term includes any communication or document) to be given (which term includes sent, delivered or served) pursuant to the Act, the regulations thereunder, the articles, the by-laws or otherwise to a shareholder, director, officer, auditor or member of a committee of the board shall be sufficiently given if delivered personally to the person to whom it is to be given or if delivered to his recorded address or if mailed to him at his recorded address by prepaid ordinary mail or air mail or if sent to him at his recorded address by any means of prepaid transmitted or recorded communication. A notice so delivered shall be deemed to have been given when it is delivered personally or to the recorded address as aforesaid; a notice so mailed shall be deemed to have been given when deposited in a post office or public letter box; and a notice so sent by any means of transmitted or recorded communication shall be deemed to have been given when dispatched or delivered to the appropriate communication company or agency or its representative for dispatch. The secretary may change or cause to be changed the recorded address of any shareholder, director, officer, auditor or member of a committee of the board in accordance with any information believed by him to be reliable.
10.2 Notice of Joint Shareholders If two or more persons are registered as joint holders of any share, any notice shall be addressed to all of such joint holders but notice to one of such persons shall be sufficient notice to all of them.
10.3 Computation of Time In computing the date when notice must be given under any provision requiring a specified number of days notice of any meeting or other event, the date of giving the notice shall be excluded and the date of the meeting or other event shall be included.
10.4 Undelivered Notices If any notice given to a shareholder pursuant to subsection 10.1 is returned on three (3) consecutive occasions because he cannot be found, the Corporation shall not be required to give any further notices to such shareholder until he informs the Corporation in writing of his new address.
10.5 Omissions and Errors The accidental omission to give any notice to any shareholder, director, officer, auditor or member of a committee of the board or the non-receipt of any notice by any such person or
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any error in any notice not affecting the substance thereof shall not invalidate any action taken at any meeting held pursuant to such notice or otherwise founded thereon.
10.6 Persons Entitled by Death or Operation of Law Every person who, by operation of law, transfer, death of a shareholder or any other means whatsoever, shall become entitled to any share, shall be bound by every notice in respect of such share which shall have been duly given to the shareholder from whom he derives his title to such share prior to his name and address being entered on the securities register (whether such notice was given before or after the happening of the event upon which he became so entitled) and prior to his furnishing to the Corporation the proof of authority or evidence of his entitlement prescribed by the Act.
10.7
Waiver of Notice
Any shareholder (or his duly appointed proxyholder),
director, officer, auditor or member of a committee of the board may at any
time waive notice, or waive or abridge the time for any notice, required to be
given to him under any provision of this Act, the regulations thereunder, the
articles, the by-laws or otherwise and such waiver or abridgment shall cure any
default in the giving or in the time of such notice, as the case may be. Any
such waiver or abridgement shall be in writing except a waiver of notice of a
meeting of shareholders or of the board which may be given in any manner.
SECTION XI
11.1
Effective Date
This by-law shall come into force when confirmed by the
shareholders in accordance with the Act.
ENACTED, as amended, by the board the 25th day of October, 2001.
EFFECTIVE DATE
The President,
The Secretary,
(Signed) Thomas F. Bugg
(Signed) Donald M. Boykiw
THOMAS F. BUGG
DONALD M. BOYKIW
CONFIRMED, as amended, by the shareholders in accordance with the Act the 25th day of October, 2001.
The Secretary, | ||
(Signed) Donald M. Boykiw
DONALD M. BOYKIW |
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Exhibit 4.1
Stock Option Plan of Genoil Inc., as amended October 25, 2001 and January 13, 2003
GENOIL INC.
STOCK OPTION PLAN
as amended October 25, 2001
and January 13, 2003
ARTICLE I
PURPOSE OF PLAN
1.1 The purpose of the Plan is to attract, retain and motivate persons as directors, officers, key employees and consultants of the Corporation and its Subsidiaries and to advance the interests of the Corporation by providing such persons with the opportunity, through share options, to acquire an increased proprietary interest in the Corporation.
ARTICLE II
DEFINED TERMS
Where used herein, the following terms shall have the following meanings, respectively:
2.1 Board means the board of directors of the Corporation or, if established and duly authorized to act, the Executive Committee or another Committee appointed for such purpose by the board of directors of the Corporation;
2.2 Business Day means any day, other than a Saturday or a Sunday, on which the Exchange is open for trading;
2.3 Consultant means an individual (including an individual whose services are contracted through a personal holding corporation) with whom the Corporation or any Subsidiary has a contract for substantial services;
2.4 Corporation means GENOIL INC. and includes any successor corporation thereto;
2.5 Eligible Person means any director, officer, employee (part-time or full-time) or Consultant of the Corporation or any Subsidiary;
2.6 Exchange means The Toronto Stock Exchange and, where the context permits, any other exchange on which the Shares are or may be listed from time;
2.7 Insider means:
(a) | an Insider as defined under Section 1(1) of the Securities Act (Ontario), other than a person who falls within that definition solely by virtue of being a director or senior officer of a Subsidiary; and |
(b) an associate as defined under Section 1(1) of the Securities Act (Ontario) of any person who is an insider by virtue of (i) above; |
2.8 Market Price at any date in respect of the Shares shall be the greatest closing price of such Shares on any Exchange on the last Business Day preceding the date on which the Option is approved by the Board (or, if such Shares are not then listed and posted for trading on the Exchange, on such stock exchange in Canada on which the Shares are listed and posted for trading as may be selected for such purpose by the Board). In the event that such Shares did not trade on such Business Day, the Market Price shall be the average of the bid and ask prices in respect of such Shares at the close of trading on such date. In the event that such Shares are not listed and posted for trading on any stock exchange, the Market Price shall be the fair market value of such Shares as determined by the Board in its sole discretion;
2.9 Option means an option to purchase Shares granted under the Plan;
2.10 Option Price means the price per Share at which Shares may be purchased under the Option, as the same may be adjusted from time to time in accordance with Article 8;
2.11 Optionee means an Eligible Person to whom an Option has been granted;
2.12 Outstanding Issue means the number of Shares outstanding on a non-diluted basis, determined on the basis of the number of shares that are outstanding immediately prior to the share issuance under Article 5 herein, excluding shares issued pursuant to share compensation arrangements over the preceding one-year period;
2.13 Person means an individual, a corporation, a partnership, an unincorporated association or organization, a trust, a government or department or agency thereof and the heirs, executors, administrators or other legal representatives of an individual and an associate or affiliate of any thereof as such terms are defined in the Business Corporations Act (Alberta);
2.14 Plan means the GENOIL INC. Share Option Plan, as the same may be amended or varied from time to time;
2.15 Share Compensation Arrangement means any stock option, stock option plan, employee stock purchase plan or any other compensation or incentive mechanism involving the issuance or potential issuance of Shares, including a share purchase from treasury which is financially assisted by the Corporation by way of a loan, guarantee or otherwise;
2.16 Shares means the common shares of the Corporation or, in the event of an adjustment contemplated by Article 8, such other shares or securities to which an Optionee may be entitled upon the exercise of an Option as a result of such adjustment; and
2.17 Subsidiary means any corporation which is a subsidiary as such term is defined in section 4 of the Business Corporations Act (Alberta) (as such provision is from time to time amended, varied or re-enacted) of the Corporation.
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ARTICLE III
ADMINISTRATION OF THE PLAN
3.1 The Plan shall be administered in accordance with the rules and policies of the Exchange in respect of employee stock option plans by the Board. The Board shall receive recommendations of management and shall determine and designate from time to time those directors, officers, employees and Consultants of the Corporation or its Subsidiaries to whom an Option should be granted and the number of Shares, which will be optioned from time to time to any individual and the terms and conditions of the grant.
3.2 The Board shall have the power, where consistent with the general purpose and intent of the Plan and subject to the specific provisions of the Plan:
(a) | to establish policies and to adopt, prescribe, amend or vary rules and regulations for carrying out the purposes, provisions and administration of the Plan and make all other determinations necessary or advisable for its administration; | ||
(b) | to interpret and construe the Plan and to determine all questions arising out of the Plan and any Option granted pursuant to the Plan and any such interpretation, construction or determination made by the Board shall be final, binding and conclusive for all purposes; | ||
(c) | to determine which Eligible Persons are granted Options and to grant Options; | ||
(d) | to determine the number of Shares covered by each Option; | ||
(e) | to determine the Option Price; | ||
(f) | to determine the time or times when Options will be granted and exercisable; | ||
(g) | to determine if the Shares which are subject to an Option will be subject to any restrictions upon the exercise of such Option; and | ||
(h) | to prescribe the form of the instruments relating to the grant, exercise and other terms of Options which initially shall be substantially in the form annexed hereto as Schedule A. |
ARTICLE IV
SHARES SUBJECT TO THE PLAN
4.1 Options may be granted in respect of authorized and unissued Shares provided that, subject to increase by the Board, the receipt of the approval of the Exchange and the approval of shareholders of the Corporation, the maximum aggregate number of Shares reserved by the Corporation for issuance and which may be purchased upon the exercise of all Options shall equal 19,000,000 Shares in respect of which Options are not exercised shall be available for subsequent Options under the Plan. No fractional Shares may be purchased or issued under the Plan.
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ARTICLE V
ELIGIBILITY; GRANT; TERMS OF OPTIONS
5.1 Options may be granted to Eligible Persons.
5.2 Options may be granted by the Corporation pursuant to the recommendations of the Board from time to time provided and to the extent that such decisions are approved by the Board.
5.3 Subject to the provisions of this Plan, the number of Shares subject to each Option, the Option Price, the expiration date of each Option, the extent to which each Option is exercisable from time to time during the term of the Option and other terms and conditions relating to each such Option shall be determined by the Board. At no time shall the period during which an Option shall be exercisable exceed 10 years.
5.4 In the event that no specific determination is made by the Board with respect to the following matter, the period during which an Option shall, subject to any other specific provisions of the Plan, be exercisable shall be five years from the date the Option is granted to the Optionee.
5.5 The Option Price of Shares which are the subject of any Option shall in no circumstances be lower than the Market Price of the Shares at the date of the grant of the Option.
5.6 The maximum number of Shares which may be reserved for issuance to any one Optionee under this Plan or under any other Share Compensation Arrangement shall not exceed 5% of the Outstanding Issue.
5.7 The maximum number of Shares which may be reserved for issuance to Insiders under the Plan or under any other Share Compensation Arrangement shall be 10% of the Outstanding Issue.
5.8 The maximum number of Shares which may be issued to any one Insider and such Insiders associates under the Plan and any other Share Compensation Arrangement in any 12 month period shall be 5% of the Outstanding Issue. The maximum number of Shares which may be issued to any Insiders under the Plan and any other Share Compensation Arrangement in any 12 month period shall be 10% of the Outstanding Issue.
5.9 Any entitlement to acquire Shares granted pursuant to the Plan or any other Share Compensation Arrangement prior to the Optionee becoming an Insider shall be excluded for the purposes of the limits set out in 5.7 and 5.8 above.
5.10 An Option is personal to the Optionee and is non-assignable.
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ARTICLE VI
EXERCISE OF OPTIONS
6.1 Subject to the provisions of the Plan, an Option may be exercised from time to time by delivery to the Corporation at its registered office of a written notice of exercise addressed to the Secretary of the Corporation specifying the number of Shares with respect to which the Option is being exercised and accompanied by payment in full of the Option Price of the Shares to be purchased. Certificates for such Shares shall be issued and delivered to the Optionee within a reasonable period of time following the receipt of such notice and payment.
6.2 Notwithstanding any of the provisions contained in the Plan or in any Option, the Corporations obligation to issue Shares to an Optionee pursuant to the exercise of an Option shall be subject to:
(a) | completion of such registration or other qualification of such Shares or obtaining approval of such governmental or regulatory authority as counsel to the Corporation shall reasonably determine to be necessary or advisable in connection with the authorization, issuance or sale thereof; | ||
(b) | the listing of such Shares on the Exchange, if applicable; and | ||
(c) | the receipt from the Optionee of such representations, agreements and undertakings, including as to future dealings in such Shares, as the Corporation or its counsel reasonably determines to be necessary or advisable in order to safeguard against the violation of the securities laws of any jurisdiction. |
In this connection the Corporation shall, to the extent necessary, take all reasonable steps to obtain such approvals, registrations and qualifications as may be necessary for the issuance of such Shares in compliance with applicable securities laws and for the listing of such Shares on the Exchange.
ARTICLE VII
TERMINATION OF EMPLOYMENT; DEATH
7.1 Subject to Section 7.2 and any express resolution passed by the Board with respect to an Option, an Option, and all rights to purchase pursuant thereto, shall expire and terminate immediately upon the Optionee ceasing to be a director, officer or a part-time or full-time employee of the Corporation or of any Subsidiary. The entitlement of a Consultant to Options including the termination thereof shall be in accordance with the terms of the consulting agreement entered into between the Corporation or the Subsidiary and the Consultant but will not exceed 90 days after termination of the contract.
7.2 If, before the expiry of an Option in accordance with the terms thereof, the employment of the Optionee with the Corporation or with any Subsidiary shall terminate, in either case by reason of the death of the Optionee, such Option may, subject to the terms thereof and any other terms of the Plan, be exercised by the legal representative(s) of the estate of the Optionee at any time during the first six months following the death of the Optionee (but prior to the expiry of the
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Option in accordance with the terms thereof) but only to the extent that the Optionee was entitled to exercise such Option at the date of the termination of his employment.
7.3 Options shall not be affected by any change of employment of the Optionee or by the Optionee ceasing to be a director where the Optionee continues to be employed by the Corporation or continues to be a director or officer of, the Corporation or any Subsidiary.
ARTICLE VIII
CHANGE IN CONTROL AND CERTAIN ADJUSTMENTS
8.1 Notwithstanding any other provision of this Plan in the event that the Corporation receives an offer (the Offer) for:
(a) | the acquisition by any Person of Shares or rights or options to acquire Shares of the Corporation or securities which are convertible into Shares of the Corporation or any combination thereof such that after the completion of such acquisition such Person would be entitled to exercise 30% or more of the votes entitled to be cast at a meeting of the shareholders; or | ||
(b) | the sale by the Corporation of all or substantially all of the property or assets of the Corporation; |
then notwithstanding that at the effective time of the Offer the Optionee may not be entitled to all the Shares granted by the Option, the Optionee shall be entitled to exercise the Options to the full amount of the Shares remaining at that time from the date of the Offer to the date of the close of any such transaction. If such transaction is not completed within 90 days of the date of the Offer and the Optionee has not so exercised that portion of the Option relating to Shares to which the Optionee would not otherwise be entitled, this provision shall cease to apply to the Offer.
8.2 Appropriate adjustments with respect to Options granted or to be granted, in the number of Shares optioned and in the Option Price, shall be made by the Board to give effect to adjustments in the number of Shares of the Corporation resulting from subdivisions, consolidations or reclassifications of the Shares of the Corporation, the payment of stock dividends or cash dividends by the Corporation (other than dividends in the ordinary course), the distribution of securities, property or assets by way of dividend or otherwise (other than dividends in the ordinary course), or other relevant changes in the capital stock of the Corporation or the amalgamation or merger of the Corporation with or into any other entity, subsequent to the approval of the Plan by the Board. The appropriate adjustment in any particular circumstance shall be conclusively determined by the Board in its sole discretion, subject to approval by the Shareholders of the Corporation and to acceptance by the Exchange respectively, if applicable.
ARTICLE IX
AMENDMENT OR DISCONTINUANCE OF PLAN
9.1 The Board may amend or discontinue the Plan at any time upon receipt of requisite regulatory approval including without limitation, the approval of the Exchange, provided,
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however, that no such amendment may, without the consent of the shareholders, increase the maximum number of Shares that may be optioned under the Plan, change the manner of determining the minimum Option Price, reduce the Option Price for Options granted to Insiders or, without the consent of the Optionee, alter or impair any of the terms of any Option previously granted to an Optionee under the Plan. Any amendments to the terms of an Option shall also require regulatory approval, including without limitation, the approval of the Exchange.
ARTICLE X
MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS
10.1 The holder of an Option shall not have any rights as a shareholder of the Corporation with respect to any of the Shares covered by such Option until such holder shall have exercised such Option in accordance with the terms of the Plan (including tendering payment in full of the Option Price of the Shares in respect of which the Option is being exercised) and the issuance of Shares by the Corporation.
10.2 Nothing in the Plan or any Option shall confer upon an Optionee any right to continue in the employ of the Corporation or any Subsidiary or affect in any way the right of the Corporation or any Subsidiary to terminate his employment at any time; nor shall anything in the Plan or any Option be deemed or construed to constitute an agreement, or an expression of intent, on the part of the Corporation or any Subsidiary to extend the employment of any Optionee beyond the time which he would normally be retired pursuant to the provisions of any present or future retirement plan of the Corporation or any Subsidiary or any present or future retirement plan of the Corporation or any Subsidiary, or beyond the time at which he would otherwise be retired pursuant to the provisions of any contract of employment with the Corporation or any Subsidiary.
10.3 To the extent required by law or regulatory policy or necessary to allow Shares issued on exercise of an Option to be free of resale restrictions, the Corporation shall report the grant, exercise or termination of the Option to the Exchange and the appropriate securities regulatory authorities.
ARTICLE XI
SHAREHOLDER AND REGULATORY APPROVAL
11.1 The Plan shall be subject to the approval of the shareholders of the Corporation to be given by a resolution passed at a meeting of the shareholders of the Corporation in accordance with the Business Corporations Act (Alberta), and to acceptance by the Exchange. Any Options granted prior to such approval and acceptances shall be conditional upon such approval and acceptance being given and no such Options may be exercised unless such approval and acceptance is given.
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SCHEDULE A TO SHARE OPTION PLAN
CERTIFICATE OF GENOIL INC.
GENOIL INC.
(the Corporation), for good and valuable consideration,
hereby grants to the Optionee set forth below an Option to purchase common
shares of the Corporation. The Option shall be subject to the terms and
conditions set forth in the
GENOIL INC.
Share Option Plan, as the same may be
amended or replaced from time to time (the Plan), and in addition shall be
subject to the terms set forth below:
On the close of business on the Expiry Date, the Options granted will
expire and terminate and be of no further force and effect whatsoever as to the
Shares for which the Option hereby granted has not been exercised.
Where used herein all defined terms shall have the respective meanings
attributed thereto in the Plan. As provided for under the Plan, the Option
provided for herein is not assignable to any other person. If you require a
copy of the Plan, please contact the Secretary of the Corporation and she will
provide a copy to you.
DATED
this 13th day of January, 2003.
Optionee
:
Position with the Corporation
:
Number of Shares
:
Option Price
:
Expiry Date of Option
:
Rights of Exercise
:
Exhibit 5.1
List of patents held by Genoil Inc.
GENOIL INC.
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
TITLE
COUNTRY
SERIAL NUMBER
FILING DATE
STATUS
Jet Pump Treatment of
Heavy Oil Production Sand
9561-6
United States
09/151,510
Sept. 11/98
Issued to Patent 6,074,549 on June 13,
2000.
Maintenance fee due December 13, 2002.
Jet Pump Treatment of
Heavy Oil
Production Sand 9561-42
United States
09/622631
Feb 17, 2000
Effective Feb 17/99
Issued to Patent 6537960.
Maintenance fee due Sept 4, 2006.
Jet Pump Treatment of
Heavy Oil
Production Sand 9561-43
Canada
231566
Feb 17/99
In Good Standing.
Desanding System for Oil
Tanks 9561-5
United States
09/028905
Feb. 24/98
Issued to Patent 6125865 on October 3,
2000.
First maintenance fee due April 3, 2004.
Desanding System for Oil
Tanks 9561-19
Mexico
0000167
Jan 3, 2002
In good standing no outstanding matters.
Desanding System for Oil
Tanks 9561-20
Venezuela
1999-002724
Dec 22/99
Examination requested. Awaiting results
of examination.
Removal of Fines from Oil
Tanks
9561-27
United States
09/488775
April 13, 2000
Issue fee due June 25, 2003.
Removal of Fines from Oil
Tanks
9561-28
Venezuela
2000-000803
April 14, 2000
Examination requested. Awaiting
examination results.
Process for Upgrading
Crude Oil Using Hydrogen
9561-22
United States
09/529438
Apr. 13/00
In good standing no outstanding matters.
Process for Upgrading
Crude Oil Using Hydrogen
9561-21
Canada
2,306,069
Sept. 29/99
Response due June 17, 2003.
Process for Upgrading
Crude Oil Using Hydrogen
9561-13
Peru
000980.99
Sept. 29/99
Maintenance fee due Sept 28, 2003.
Process for Upgrading
Crude Oil Using Hydrogen
9561-46
EPO
99945823.5
Sept. 29/99
Maintenance fee due Sept. 29/02 paid.
Process for Upgrading
Crude Oil Using Hydrogen
9561-47
Brazil
P19914129-9
Sept. 29/99
Application reinstated, and examination
requested.
Maintenance fee due December 29, 2002.
Process for Upgrading Crude
Oil Using Hydrogen
9561-14
PCT
CA 99/00914
WO00/18854
Sept. 29/99
Process for Upgrading Crude
Oil Using Hydrogen
9561-12
Venezuela
1999-001983
Sept. 29/99
Request for examination filed May 31, 2002
Awaiting results of examination.
Process for Upgrading
Crude Oil Using Hydrogen
Middle East States
GCC/818
Sept. 29/99
Multi-Stage Apparatus for
Separating Immiscible
Fluids
United States
5603825
Feb. 18/97
TITLE
COUNTRY
SERIAL NUMBER
FILING DATE
STATUS
Multi-Stage Apparatus and
Methods for Separating
Immiscible Fluids
Canada
Application
2243142
July 10/98
Application made
Apparatus and Methods of
Separating Immiscible
Fluids
International
Application
PCT/CA 9900624
July 9/99
Application made
Electro
Hydrogen
Generator Energy
Conversion Device
Russia
RU98/00190
W099/18262
June 22, 1998
Assigned to Genoil by Hydrogen Solutions
Inc.
Canadian national entry given application
#2,339,938
Three Phase Separator
9561-24
ASKING FOR REINSTATEMENT
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